davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Snyder signal. (Snyder, Tex.) 1887-????, 1918-09-06
DESOLAT|ON SITS
HEAVILY ON the
WESTERN PLAINS


Three years OF drouih has placed
crown OF thorns on the men, women
and children Of West Texas and with
out money some without the very no.
ccssities OF life. without food for their
animals who are drawing them toward
greoner fields and richer haryosis, the
caravans Of dosolatIon are dragging
their way into the elites OF Fort Worth
and Waco. and men who held high
their heads In title and ownership are
offering themselves for sale" that
they may sustain their women aud
,chlldtcn sheltered from the flaming
sun by tarpaulins which have not felt
the moisture Of the skies for 10 long
that the youngest Of the caravan never
saw rain.
"flcartrondlng' Is the word that has
come 10 Food Administrator Peden
from the drouth area Last year the
farmers and the cattlemen braycd II
out. Surely nature. herself could not
be so cruel as to lnfIlct upon them an
other year scourse OF Intense heat
and shriyolng up OF the plains; but
this year there IL nothing left to chal-
lenge o rayaro Of nature Us relentless
as the great guns In their devastating
OF the northern plains Of France.
The situation Is without the province
Of man and dollars. Rain has iorgUi
ten the plains. no clouds break the In
teaslty OF the blue, no reireshment
comes In dow. no relief advances In q
lsIndly mist or for. Al that can BIO
done IL TO help thu men and the wo.
men and the children as they como
into Eastern Texas.
The Silent Exodus.
Il. D. spiller secretary Of the Cattle
Raisers' Association Of Texas, report
ed that Fort Worth is crowded with
wagons Of "oXpatrI1tos Of the plains
and the same intel enee comes from
Waco On one day alone 1876 families
passed through Brentwood. and ON
another day 40 families passed
through Goldthwaite.
on Aurust n Administrator Peden
wired to Governor Hobby ON the Sit
uaiion
"urauth conditions now prcg1ilInr
m Western Texas most sorIuuD 100 DTS
tory OF the country oldest inhuh.
! ants have no recollection of anything
approaching o. Ten counties in the
brentwood dI 'figf win NOT mako 600
average of boo bales of cotton per
county as amlurt normal production
OF $4,000 hli0 Thousand of farmer
The Snyder signal. (Snyder, Tex.) 1887-????, 1918-09-06

We meet All Santa Fe trains
Phone your orders In to II or l2l
Newt Hargroye
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
LACK OF BUSINESS
 METHODS IN FARMING

Stanley F. Morse. writing to the Balti- more Manufacturers Record, says in part ::
 By large scale farming is meant enter prises of several thousand acres or a number of units under the same manage ment This term may also apply to groups of farmers who combine their farms and employ one competent busi- ness farm manager to direct the opera tion of all their farms. It might even be applied to farming community in which all the farmers were organized, the or ganization managing a standardized sys- tenn of farming and marketing. How ever, centrally managed large farming companies operated strictly commer- cial enterprises are what will appeal to the capitalist who wishes to engage in the interesting and profitable business of agriculture.
 1t is true that most of the agricultural college graduates and many of the pres ent farm managers do not have the com mereial point of view. The writer speaks from experience, for he finds it very diff ficult to get managers to pay sufficient attention to costs and business methods This however is partly due to the farm owners who do not insist on their farms
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
700 NEW
 OIL WELLS IN TEXAS

A special from Eastland, Tex, to the Baltimore Manufacturers Record says: In the dozen or more counties of cen- i tral west Texas, which are embraced in
 the new oil producing territory, there
 are now approximately 700 we'll drilling
 outfits at work. In the immediate vicfn-
 ity of Eastland there are IA rigs punc-
 turing the earth. There are more than 400
 producing wells in the big scope of terri tory, and new ones are being added every
 day, Most of these wells are of shallow
 depth, yielding an average of perhaps l2 barrels of oil each, but during the last lew weeks much progress has been made
 in tapping the deeper oil pool, which gives a daily yield of 1000 to 5000 barrels to each well. It is these larger producers that are causing the yield to mount up very rapidly. The deeper wells are not confined to any particular part of the big territory. So far, the larger flows have been encountered in practically ev- cry locality where test holes were drilled The actual production of the different fields now totals more than 10, 900, ,000 bar rels per annum, it is stated. The poten- tialities of the region in the matter Of possible oil production are enormous, &C., cording to the views of practical oil oper- ators. It is claimed that it is already the largest producer of paraffine base pre- troleum in the world, and that prospects are favorable for the total yield reaching not less than 100,0O0,000 barrels per an- mum within another 12 months.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30

1 fort to secure a re-examination of the
 cost of production by the commission. | The anticipated fall trade in yellow pine has not developed as per expectations.
 The yard trade, generally speaking, is dormant. There is very little retail de-
 mand, aside from the rural districts
 and even there the call for stock is very conservative. Southern pine shippers are
 naturally considerably upset over the em-
 bargo, but government orders are fortu-
 nately plentiful and a good portion ot
 the mills are able to keep going. To
 eficial to the yellow pine industry in that ennial source of trouble.
 There was slight improvement in the sale of A edge box noted by manufac- turers of North Carolina pine during the past week. There is little demand for stock sizes, or for kiln dried material, the box makers still dependingly largely on air dried stock. There is a growing demand for No. edge, and rough dimen- sion is also stronger. The continued building activities of the government at the various camps in the North Carolina pine region give promise of a steady de- mand from that source for some time to come. The dressed stock market has been decidedly disturbed by the embargo, but continued orders from the government may brace this up. Mill stocks are being steadily reduced. Twenty five producers of North Carolina pine, reporting to the North Carolina Pine association. shipped during the month of August S,O000o0 feet more than they produced.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
Nut Growers to Gather

joint meeting of the National Nut. Growers association and the Northern Nut Growers association is to be held on October 30 and 31 and November l at Albany, Ga. The first-named organiza, tion, of which B. W. Stone of Thomas ville, Ga, is president, and w. w. Bas- sett of Monticello. Fla, is secretary. makes the announcement of this irnpor. tant gathering, in the course of which nut growing is to be considered and dis. cussed from every point of view More than % speakers are slated to address the meeting. and at least 70 subjects will be treated by them. Drs. Robert T. Nor ris and J. H. Kellogg are two of the experts who are to make addresses. Pe- cans, Japan walnuts, butternuts and chestnuts are to be especially considered
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30

being operated as purely commercial en- terprses, frequently injecting too much sentiment, family pride. tradition or per- sonal conceit. Not being able to appre- ciate the value of good business meth ods in farming. such landowners are not willing to pay salaries large enough to secure efficient managers.
 should suggest as a remedy the plan which the writer has been working on for a number of years, namely, farm man agement organization for planning agri- cultural development work, supervising the operation of large farms, plantations or ranches, contracting for the manage ment of agricultural enterprises ana training farm managers to handle com mercial farming enterprises. The writer has already been able to demonstrate the value of this work in the south but has been astonshed at the wasteful methods used on the average large farm or plan tation However, the principal trouble seems to be that most of the lana schemes which have been floated in the south have been of a speculative or get rich quick nature, instead of along con- structive, conservative. profit yielding agricultural development lines.
 The south offers remarkable opportuni- ties for large scale commercial agricul- tural enterprises, but such enterprises must be properly planned, adequately and efficiently managed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
GoUeranaent Recognition Of
 Lumber Trade Encouragine

The lumber market at the present time,
 says the Southern Lumberman, is natur-
 ally in a more or less disorganzied con-
 dition, due to the several unusual and
 disconeerting recent developments.
 Chief among these. of course. is the
 drastic embargo on lumber shipments to
 the east, which has brought forth a
 storm of protest and inquiry regarding
 its causes, application, duration, etc.
 Already some notifications have been made in the terms of the embargo, and
 # is intimated that further modifica- tions may be forthcoming. It is also stated that considerable liberality will be exercised in the issuing of permits
 The tightening of the governments re- strictions on building has also had a de- terrent effect on business, and commit tees of retail lumbermen and others af- feeted are now in Washington in an eff fort to have these restrictions modified. It is beginning to appear however, in some sections that the actual operation of the restrictions will not be as severe as had been expected, and retailers are managing to do quite little business in spite of the obstacles.
 An encouraging feature of the lumber trade this week has been the official ac- tion of the war industries board in rec i ognizing the lumber industry as essen- ] tial, it's recognition being afforded in 8 special supplement which has been is- ! sued to the recent priorities list. It was ! explained that this priorities list was es- ! sentially fuel measure and that the | lumber industry was not included, ow- 1 ing to the fact that the industry gener- | ally supplies it's own fuel. It is now off, ] cially recognized, however, that the in | dustry is deserving of priority in the mat | ter of obtaining labor and securing ex- emption of emyloyes from the draft. i
 The labor situation continues bad. but | this condition has about become chronic l 5n the lumber industry, and mill opera | tors are generally learning to make the | best of a bad situation.
 Manufacturers of southern pine were r considerably disappointed over the out come of the price fixing hearing in Washington, inasmuch as they failed to obtain the desired increase in the official [ basis price. It is announced that the BPS average price will be continued until December 31, regardless of the fact that the committee of southern pine producers showed that the cost of labor alone has increased more than s1 per thousand since the s2S price was established. It is the position of the price fixing committee, however, that it cannot go behind the of the federal trade commis- sion, and the pine men will make an ef-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30

ment behind it. The proposition seems reasonable and it is not unlikely that the war department and Congress will take that view of it and act accord ingly.
 With the Bankhead highway construct ed it's entire length, from Washington to Los Angeles, after modern engineer ing models, motor truck road building would receive fresh impetus in every state traversed by it. With smooth and hard roadbeds provided in the more populous sections of the south, the rail- roads would be relieved of all short hauls and the economic benefit to the government from such relief, to say noth; ing of the good that shippers would derive from it, would be incalculable.
 Turning to agriculture, the farmers of Alabama are in exceptionally fine shape financially this fall. The state wal never so prosperous as it is today and diversified crops and progressive farm ing have made it so. This is red letter year in most counties and the hum of industries is in evidence all over tho state
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
Labor in Mississippi Now
 Getting on q War Footing

Mississippi towns and cities are pre-
 pairing for an economic readjustment, ac
 cording to Jackson special to the Balti more Manufacturers Record. Ordinances
 have been passed during the past week l in several of the larger cities which 1 are drastic in their nature, and which l officials declare will be rigidly enforced Soda dispensers, jitney drivers, poolroom employees, hotel walters, elevator boys, bellhops and chauffeurs will be affected None but men physically disqualified for age of 45, or women, will be allowed to
 work at any of these occupations Agencies of the United States employ
 ment service have been crowded for the
 past week by men seeking work An
 average price of between s125 and sl 5u
 hundred pounds is being paid for pick ing cotton, and the demand is good, so no negroes thrown out of work may re- main idle long if they wish to earn good money. A campaign is on, fostered by the United States department of agrf- cultures agents, to have farm labor kept busy all the winter in order to hold
 :. Aoi AhC teAl year 5 planting and cuI- tivating season.
 Already plants manufacturing soft drinks have gone out of business, ana whereas three months ago there was not glrl waiter in Jackson, today virtually every hotel, restaurant and cafe employs nothing but girls. Elevator girls are en- ployed in all large office buildings--a remarkable sight in this section of the south, where the old prejudice against such labor has been brought over from civil war days.
 Those in touch with the labor situation believe that by using all available man power in essential businesses the state will be able to get through the war strain with ease.
 Cottonseed-oil mills are running full blast and paying good wages, and lum- Der plants are running full or double time on government contracts The smaller mills are finding ready sale for their products locally, as farmers are spending much money on improvements, where they can buy the lumber.
 Lumbermen think there would be the biggest boom in their business in it's history if they could get the cars to ship stuff in However, most of them are reconciled to the loss of commercial business by this time and satisfied with government contracts so long as they can get labor to handle them
 Negro women are being extensively used to help out in industrial plants, and as rule their work has been found successful. They have always gathered the major portion of the cotton crop, but this season negro men are helping with the picking because they are anx-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
War Industries Being Pushed At
 High Pressure in EUery Section
Increasing Pay Rolls Make Business Mercantile Coal Production Alabama Causing Fuel Administration Stress
 Its Appeal Great Prosperity in Agricultural Districts

! that of the week before, but it vii hardly exceed 100000 tons.
 The miners are urged to work six days a week. Only by maximum ef Tort can weekly record of 500,000 tons in this district be reached, and there should be approximately that much coal mined every week during the remainder of the year. The miners are patriotic and if they can be made to realize the gravity of war problems hinging on coal production they will translate their patriotism into full time work
 Outside of the coal. iron and steel in- dustries, the question of motor truck highways in the south is one of the most important. With the government operating the railroads, the development Of river transportation and the improve ment of highways must come as means or relieving freight traffic congestion The movement now being made to have the government take over" the Bank head highway and turn it into a great military road has strong public Senti-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
Go to College Instead of Camp

Men between IS and 45 years, wftb 12 high school units may enter Meridian college, Meridian, Miss, conditioned, and enter the s. A. T. C., receive mili- tary training, the government paying board, tuition and $30 per month and uniforms. Wire for reservation.
 MERIDIAN COLLEGE,
 Meridian, Miss
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30

the United States railroad administratio6 last week in Atlanta and discussed the question of how to develop agriculture irl cooperation with the roads. He told the agents that railroad policy under government control is to act in harmony with the United States department of agriculture, the food administration, the various state departments of agriculture and councils of defense, besides other organizations to encourage farming. It was agreed that the agent could be of great service to promote greater crop production, to increase cattle and hog raising, to secure better drying and pack ing houses and to improve the methods of marketing farm products of all kinds, their efforts along these lines to be in cooperation and with the approval of the government.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30
Highways Must Come First

The Baltimore Manufacturers Record says:
 The United States department of agri- culture, through it's bureau of markets, is seeking to cooperate with owners or operators of rural motor-truck routs who desire to work in connection with the government in developing, stabilizing and standardizing this business. But this suggests that there is great need for im- proving and developing and standardiz- ing the roads over which such motor- truck business can be done. It is we'll nigh impossible, except in very limited sections, where good roads now exist, to develop profitable truck business un- til, through government cooperation, good highways have been built.
 The department of agriculture is so much alive to the importance of develop ing the motor truck handling of farm products that we trust it will with equal energy turn it's attention to the encour- agement by the government of building highways suitable for motor truck trans portaton. This is one of the great dom- inant issues of the hour.
 
 Work for Larger Crops
 Agricultural agents of railroads in the southeastern states met J. l.. Edwards, Yranarar 0f inc aprinI.It1iral cactinn of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30

ious to get the crop out of the fields while the prices are good With the supply of labor in sight, picking should be well over by the middle or latter part of November, and from that time on
 until spring, provided draft calls are not too heavy, the labor situation in this state should be we'll taken care of.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-30

Industrial operations at high pres sure continue throughout all the man. ufacturing centers of the country, and the south is witnessing large share of activity, most of it along war es- sential lines.
 Investment of capital in new enter prises outside of those connected with the war programme diminishes, but the volume of industrial business under the supervision of the government is greater than ever before and that means ever increasing pay rolls and consequent thrift in mercantile circles
 The labor situation is less acute in Alabama than it was few months ago. This is accounted for by an improve ment in the distribution of labor
 Here in the Birmingham district the demand for increased coal production. is most pressing. When the report of last weeks output is compiled it will probably make a better showing than
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-19
WEALTH OF nation
TREASURY DEPARTMENT EN-
PERTS SHOW U. s. Is STEAD
lily GROWING RICHER.

Washington, AIN. 19.-The popu-
lation of continental United States
on January l was los, 900 as es-
timated by treasury department ex-
perts who calculated the per capita
money circulation at s4S.76 on that
date.
An increase of 1,719,0OO in popu-
lation from January l last year is
shown, while the per capita circula-
ton increased 1915. On January 4,
1879, the population was As, 900.
and the per capita circulation 1852.
The general stock of money in the
United States on January / this year.
was s6,256,1sS,271. an increase of
s1,244,152,754 over that date last
year. and the amount In circulation
was s5.120,424,90S an increase of
s679.492.274 over last year.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-19
THE WIFE'S SHARE
FAMILY ALLOWANCES CHECKS
ARE BEING ISSUED.

Aberdeen, Jan. 19.-Probably the
first family allowance check arriving
in Aberdeen was received by Mrs
Richard F. j. Martell, wife of Sergt
Martell, of the recruiting service
While the sending of family allow
ance checks to wives of enlisted men
in all branches of the service was
started December 20, they have been
coming slowly. Mrs. Martell's check
was numbered higher than 10000.
showing the magnitude of the pay
masters task.
1t is expected that o many
more OF the family allowance pay
checks will be arriving in Aberdeen
The wife OF an enlitsed man, with no
children, receives SIS of her hus-
bands pay and SIS additional from
the government. If she has one child
the amount is $25, increasing with
the number of children.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-19
SUIT AGAINST FARMERS
INABILITY TO DELIVER NO. 8
CORN AT BOTTOM OF CASE.

Vermillion. Jan. 19.-The ques-
whether or lot a farmer can sign a
contract to deliver No. 3 corn. and,
not being able to make good, is liza
BILE for damages. The McCaull-Web-
ster Elevator company has brought
suit against seven farmers to recover
damages on such contracts, and the
cases will come up at the March term
of circuit court.
summer for the delivery of No. 3 corn
at a fixed price Of from $1.05 to
$1.10 per bushel. But there is no
corn in Clay county this season that
will grade that high. The farmer
cannot make good on his contract.
He is willing to deliver the corn. such
as 1t is, and take market prices, but
will not stand a dockage OF from 35
to 40 cents because OF his contract
with the company.
The peculiar situation is that these
same farmers r delivering corn to
the McCaull-Webster company at the
regular market price of from $1.25
to $1.35 per bushel. but not under
the contract. They are getting more
money for their corn than Ii was sold
for originally. but will be out money
IL the elevator company car win out
in the courts.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-19
CAPTURED BY GERMANS
SOUTH DAKOTA CAVALRYMAN
REPORTED TO BE A
PRISONER.

Huron, Jan. 19.-Mrs. Robert
Harvey, whose son, David Farling
was reported missing after the raid
by a British cavalry regiment, oil
which he was a member, on German
positions in the Cambria area, has
received word from officials of the
Canadian government at Ottawa that
the boy is a prisoner in Germany
1t is presumed that young Farling
was among the band of British cav.
alrymen who, on returning from a
successful raid into the German lines
found themselves surrounded by the
German infantry. Many of that
party, however, slashed and cut their
way through the enemy lines and re.
turned in safety to the British lines
Several, however, were taken prison.
er by the Germans. and it is possible
that young Farling vas among the
number taken by the enemy.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-19
To Lose Millions In Wages.

New York, Jan. 1S.-More than
s97, 000,0 900 will be lost to workers in
New York state in unpaid wages for
the five day period and the Monday
holidays during which industries must
close, it is estimated. Fuel Admin
strator II. A. Garfeld's order for coal
conservation means a condition ap-
preaching starvation to New York's
poorer classes, ii was declared, as
some workers live virtually from
hand to mouth. State, county and
city administrators were astounded.