davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
LIVESTOCK RESEARCH WORK
IN NEW STATE LABORATORY
Rockefeller Foundation Promises to
Send an Expert to Study
Stock Diseases

Helena.-The building dedicated to
the livestock industry of Montana, now
in course of erection at the state capt.
t0l grounds, will become the seat of
some of the most important research
work in the country, and possibly in
the world, If the war does not inter-
fere with the original plans.
Besides manufacturing germ-free
blackleg vaccine that will be distrib-
uted free of charge TO Montana
stockmen, the state livestock sanitary
board and the state livestock COM
mission that co-operated in the con-
structiOn of the building sometime
ago received assurances from the
Rockefeller foundation that an expert
would be sent here TO do research
work upon Is livestock diseases, for
which at present no remedy is known
or for which the present cure is I'M
satisfactory. One of the most inpor-
tant studies will deal with the dread
loco, which kills sheep, ruins horses
and sometimes affects cattle.
The bIackleg vaccine at present
available in Montana is described as
an attenuated virus which affords i'm
munity for while, but not necessar-
lily permanent immunity. The state
livestock sanitary board contemplates
the manufacture of fresh and pure
germ free agressin which affords last
ing immunity and is asserted to be the
best vaccine for blackleg ever de-
vised.
|, Work on the exterior of the three
story building is practically COM
pleted and work on the interior has
begun. The state livestock Board, the
state veterinarian, the livestock sani-
tary board, and the state board of
health expect to move their offices in
the latter part November from the
state capitol to the new Structure.
This will make available quarters in |
The capitol that are badly needed by
other departments, in view of the fact |
he district draft board, the state hail |
insurance board the board of child |
Ind animal protection, and the state |
ak commission are all using legisla-
I've quarters that, must be vacated |
when the next session is convened.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
Watson L. Coleman,
AtEN ~ Patent Lawyer, Washington,
ID. G. Advice and books FREQ.
Bates reasonable Highest references Best serytces
What He Was Going to Say.

c. T. Williams of Toronto was COM
PEELED to make an unexpected business
trip to Ohio. He entered hotel in
small town in that state without bag
gage.
Can l get room here for the
night?" he asked
Eyes, sir" answered the proprietor,
"if you can put up"
Mr.. Williams placed bill on the
desk.
Il started to say" continued the
proprietor, IF you can put up with a
room without bath. Boy, show this
gentleman upstairs"
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
REDUCE COST OF
MEAT FOR TABLE
Beef Clubs and Cooperative
Butcher Shops Gaining Fa-
vor With U. S. Farmer.
FIFTH QUARTER TO BUTCHER
Operations Start In Spring When
First Member on List Furnishes
Beef for KiIIing-SurpIus
Meat Sold to Trade.

Beef clubs or rings and cooperative
| butcher shops are two Of the plans
| icing used by American farmers to re
duce the cost of meat for their tables
The cooperative butcher shop is re-
garded as an outgrowth of the beef
clubs, which in varying forms have
been In operation for many years.
Typical examples Of the beef clubs
have been reported to the United
States department Of agriculture from
the coastal plain of South Carolina.
Many of the clubs have membership
Of eight farmers, but most of them
have 16. Operations Of the club start
In the spring, when the first member
on the list furnishes beef for killing.
The slaughtering is done by man
hired for the purpose and who usually
receives the fifth quarter" such as
the hide, heart and liver, as his pay.
The beef is divided into as many
parts as there are members Of the
club.
The next week a second member fur
nishes the beef, and so on for eight or
sixteen weeks, the various portions Of
meat being rotated among the men,
bers, so that each gets a proportion
ste share Of the choice cuts and of the
poorer cuts.
The beef is weighed after the ami
NAL is dressed and thus the pounds
furnished by each member are known.
At the end of the season settlement
is made by any members who have
not furnished their full shares.
How Plan Developed.
In an Iowa farming community OBJ
lection was found TO these beef rings
because each household had to con-
sumo stated amount of beef on stated
available supply would be disposed Of
This tended to make
the beef diet monotonous and ulti-
mately led to the amalgamation Of the
beef rings into cooperative butcher
shop.
stock in the project and In his turn |
furnishes one head Of cattle or as |
many sheep or hogs as are desired for |
slaughter. The members are credited |
with the dressed weight Of the live
stock provided minus q shrinkage of |
L. per cent. They receive coupon
looks equivalent in value to the
mount of meat furnished, allotments
icing apportioned equal in steaks,
casts and boiling pieces.
Each member is privileged to pur-
hase as much or as little meat as he
wishes and at any time he can "cash
n" on his coupon book at the pre-
-ailing prices. Surplus meat is sold
G the local trade at from five to seven
ents lower per pound than the retail
utchers charge for similar cuts In
rades of meat, 1t is reported.
Good Meat Required.
1t is requested that all animals be
d prime market condition when they
re delivered at the cooperative shop;
hat they be subjected to both ante {
lOrterD and post-mOrtem examination. ! I
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
COOLING MEAT TO KEEP

Slaughtered animals must be
cooled soon after they are killed
and yet they must not be allow
ed to freeze. In the winter a
day for slaughtering should be
chosen when there is a prospect
Of cooling the carcass before
the surface freezes. The most
desirable temperature for cool
ing meat is "a to 40 degrees Fab
renheit, and an approach to
these temperatures will give
good results.
In summer 1t is best to dress
the animal In the evening, leav-
ing the carcass In the open air
at night and carrying 1t to: a
cool, dark cellar before the flies
are out in the morning. There
should be no fresh paint, tar,
kerosene or similar substance
near as freshly killed meat abb
serbs flavors readily.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
Preparing Animals.

1t is important that an animal in
tended for slaughter should be kept
off feed for "a to 80 hours. II kept
on full feed the system is gorged and
the blood vessels loaded. In such a
condition 1t is impossible to drain out
the veins thoroughly when the animal
is bled, and a reddish colored, unat-
tractive carcass will be the result.
Food in the stomach decomposes very
rapidly after slaughter, and where the
dressing is slow the gases generated
often flavor the meat. Water should
be given freely up to the time of
slaughter, as it keeps the tempera-
ture normal and helps to wash out the
system, resulting in a nicely colored
carcass.
The care Of animals previous to
slaughter has considerable effect on
the keeping qualities of the meat. 1t
is highly important that they be not
excited in any way sufficiently to
raise the temperature of the body. Ex-
element prevents proper drainage
of blood vessels, and If extreme will
CduSc SOuIluS VI lAC lucdl very cOOh
after dressing. In no instance should
an animal be killed Immediately after
a long drive or after rapid run
about the pasture. If heated by such
cause 1t is far better to allow 1t to
rest overnight before killing than to
risk the meat spelling. The flesh Of
an animal that has been overheated is
Of pale color and very often
develops a sour or putrid odor with
In three or four days after being |
dressed.
It is also essential that the animal
be carefully handled so as not to bruise |
The body. Bruises cause blood to set I
lie in the injured part Of the body, and
,ften cause loss
A 36-hour fast, plenty Of water. care
'ul handling, and rest before slaughter
ire all important in securing me at In
he best condition for use, either fresh
n for curing purposes.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01

and that the cattle must not be more
than two years old at the time OF
slaughter.
Like the beef rings, this meat dis
tributing organization is strictly co.
operative and distinctly under farmer
control. 1t pays no dividends. In
fact, the project is so managed that
the surplus is just enough to reim-
burse the butcher for his services
and to cover operation expenses. Any
farmer in the locality is eligible for
membership if he will obey the by
laws of the organization and when
called upon furnish his share of the
live stock for slaughter.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
Gold In the Head"

is an acute attack of Nasal Catarrh. Per-
sons who are subject to frequent colds
in the head. will find that the use OF
HALLS CATARRH MEDICINE will
build up the System, cleanse the Blood
and render them less liable to colds.
Repeated attacks of Acute Catarrh may
lead to Chronic Catarrh.
HALLS CATARRH MEDICINE is taxi
en- internally and acts through the Blood
on the Mucous Surfaces of the System.
All Druggists 75c. Testimonials free.
$4,000 for any case of catarrh that
HALLS CATARRH MEDICINE will not
cure.
r. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo. Ohio.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01

neaen-There is an opportunity
TOT ~ ltana civilians to gain adj
~ ean an army officers training
se"ool WI is soon to open at Camp
rfeinon''plifornia. The total num-
ger u eians to be admitted from
'ne wesu department Will be 1850,
anu oap1 G. O. Heath, commandment
- lne s',nt army training corps and
pro1essof military science and tao
.lcs az Agricultural college al
poze'l'h lps been notified that Mon
tahass 90 will be 70. The school
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
Force of Habit.

While in a certain government office
recently Sir Edwin Jones, the British
transport board chairman, overheard
the following dialogue between two
fair typewriter tappers:
isn't it terrible the way we have to
work these days?"
Rather! Why, typed so many
letters yesterday that last night / fin
lshed my prayers with yours truly
Vancouver (B. CO Province.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
No CHANGE Desired,

A company of colored soldiers was
marching along country road on
which some negro convicts were en-
ployed.
Thinking he would have some fun
with one of the convicts a trooper in
quired: "Hey, DO, how bout US
changin' jobs?"
The convict replied: "Gwan, niger,
I don't want no change. 1 knows
'zactly how long Use in fer and youse
don't"
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
,ay Succeeds Wheeler.

ne = Attorney E. c. Day Of
nrecommended by Montana's
oni,eutates senators to succeed B.
a. ""er of Butte, resigned. as
. frict attorney, has been tenn
pointed that nlaca Mr. nov m,
sumo hisnties ar onco
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01

Wash day is smile day if you use Red
Cross Ball Blue, American made, therefore
the best made. Adv.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01

Cure pimples. headache. bad breath by taking
7iu called Doctor Pierce's Pleasant Pellets. Adv.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01

Experience shows that littE, and
often is the best rule for arp1yi;,g M
nure.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01
New Heat-Stroke Theory.

merely a symptom of malignant mala.
ria, according to the late experience
ID Mesopotamia of DR.. G. E n. Miner,
British physician. The malaria par
asite was found in the blood of heat
stroke victims, and the use of quinine
reduced the mortality from more than
% per cent to less than IL per cent
Newark News.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01

Bank telIers usually know more than
they tell.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-11-01

Prejudice of so years standing in
Butte against the use of pennies has
been overcome by County Food Admin
istrator f. w. Haskins, who issued an
order that the despised copper must
be given by stores in change. Butte
stores and banks have always refused
to handle pennies in commercial ex-
change.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
DIRT ROADS ARE PREFERRED
Much of the Wear and Tear on Hard
Road Can Be Avoided by Making
Dirt Track on Each Side.

Dirt roads are the cheapest-and
for q large part Of the year the best
highways that can be built. Because
we want to use our roads every day in
the year we are willing to go to the
expense Of hard road building, but
that is no reason for describing the
dirt roads entirely.
More than half the wear on the hard
road can be avoided by making a good
dirt track on each side. People will
use the dirt road from preference
when it is %pasSable. The life of the
hard road will be greatly heightened,
the cost of repairs. reduced, and the
needs of the road users better served
by building this combination of hard
and dirt roads.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
Dictionary Slavery

The fact is that the highest lingual
intelligence today prescribes no such
dictionary worship as that of the petty
p~otentates of schoolroom and print
shop. The usage of a people is what
makes and animates a language, and
those words become a recognized part
of the language which are approved
by the leading writer's and speakers OF
the time. But these writer's, by habit
anu education, are themselves prone
to dictionary slavery. They hesitate
to take up q new word and dignity 1t
with usage. Therefore, when they
want a new word which our dictionary
doesn't provide they go deliberately to
the French! This takes the curse off
the crime of coming a new word in
English!
Aside from the cheap and pedantic
practice Of lifting words from a for
eign language to fill out the gaps in
our own, our language has today no
constant source Of replenishment but
slang. Shakespeare went to the root
forms of classical literature to secGre
him his materials for words which
the language did not afford. We, be-
cause Of our dictionary fetish, can go
only to the sporting page st. Paul
Pioneer-PresS.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
DON'T FORGET FIRE BARRIERS
Their Value In the Event of a Pos
sibIe ~conf7agratlon Can Hardly Be
Overestimated.

Too much Importance cannot be
given to the problem of fire stopping
throughout the house. Whether or not
it is demanded by the building laws of
the town or city where the building is
being erected, an owner should see to
It that this is done in a thorough and
workmanlike way. If done properly,
it confines a fire. should 1t start in the
cellar (Which is a common place for
fires to start), to that part of the
house, giving the iremen time to get at
it The partitions being thoroughly
stopped, there will then be no need OF
firemen going through them with their
axes The fire stopping is composed
Of ordinary brick and cement, and is
put in wherever possible in partitions
and along the stairways. The point is
to plug up all draughts, thus keeping
the fire in one part Of the house
Harry Irving Shumway, in House
Beautiful.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
STUDY NEEDS OF LIVE STOCK
Dairymcn and Stock Raisers Are eau
toned to Feed Only Balanced
Ration to Animals.
prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of ASricultUre.)

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of A~griculture-)
In order to save feed--to see that
none of it Is Observation-Disclosures and
live stock men should study the needs
of their animals and see that only the
required feed Is given IN q balanced
ration. This, is particularly impor-
tant at the present time, since an ID
crease in feed and more live stock
are needed to supply the needs Of Ibis
nation and the allies.
To reduce the problems involved in
the selection Of feeds on the basis Of
their nutrittre Yp1ue-which are meas
ured in terms OF protein carbohydrate,
and fat contents-in order to make
them apply to everyday feeding, has
not been simple In a bulletin re-
Gently issued By the United States de-
partment OF agriculture tables are
given which make the balancing Of
rations q simple m1tter Of multiplied.
ton and division It is explained thar
protein, carbohydrate and fat COD
tents of q feedstufH ore not the only
factors affecting It's feed value Pro
teins differ in heir nutritive qualf
ties, while some substances not IN
Guided in the classes mentioned 7
necessary to the proper maintenance
Of the bodily functions The palata-
bilIty and succulence Of q feed has
much to do with It's value as a feed.
Many feedstuffs have physiologicA et'
fects entirely apart from their nutri-
tive qualities. A ration may be per-
fectly balanced from the standpoint OF
relative content of protein and en-
r producers, and yet be quite I'M
practicable, the specialists point out,
because it is too bulky or too con-
centrated. Consideration Of a feed
stuff or a ration based only on chem
ical composition, therefore, is to be
taken merely as a guide. it IS eX-
planned, to be followed in the light OF
all the knowledge obtainable about ant-
NAL nutrition.
The selling price Of a feed is not a
reliable guide to its relative feeding
value. The carbohydrate feeds-corn,
oats, barley, kafir, and various others
and the protein feeds-cOttonseed
meal, tankagc, and brewers grains
are found on the market at various
prices. The feeder desires to know,
with certain given prices, which is
the cheapest feed to buy-the true
value Of u buShel Of oats, rye, or bar
ley for feed when corn is worth 81
cents q bushel. He wishes to. know
the value of a ton of brewers grains,
linseed meal, or bran when ~cottonSeed
meal is worth $50 q ton and corn 81
q bushel. BY the use of the tables
presented in the bulletin, which show
comparative costs based on nutritive
values, these questions can be an
swered.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
TO CONSIDER WHEN BUILDING
Three Material Points to Be Weighed
by Man Who Is Planning to Own
His Dwelling Place.

There are three points to be weighed
in relation to the expenditure of money
for q house. First, the initial cost sec
and, the amount required annually for
maintenance; third, the "marketabih
ity'' Of the investment
Materials in the order Of their dura-
bility may be roughly aassed as fob
lows: For exterior walis-frst, stone,
granite, field stone, limestone, sand
stone, marble; second, burnt clay,
brick, terra Gotta; third, wood; fourth,
artt6cially mixed snrfadDg. synthetic
stone, concrete and plaster.
The best materials for roof coverings
are: First. tile; second, slate; third,
asbestos shingles and asphalt shingles;
fourth wood shingles fifth, tin.
The wall material requiring most Ia
eor-granite or field stone-entails al
most 30 carrying cost Brick and terra
Gotta are almost equally durable, and
where field stone Is not plentiful are
cheaper.
Wood Is pertsnable II not cared 1or
but with a liberal allowance for main
tenance in the form Of paint, will last
indefinitely. The man-mixed materials
are, because of the human element, un-
certain Some synthetic stone is trust
worthy-some not. The same is true OF
plaster %surfacinga The amount re
CURED for repairs may be said roughly
to vary as indirectly as the original
cost. AS to details generally speaking
the cheaper materials, which mean the
lower first COST" require a larger an
nual outlay for upkeep, while the bet
ter and more expensive ones, while they
increase the first cost, greatly reduce
the annual burden on the p~ocketbook.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21

The maintenance usually runs up
TO a considerable annual cost, and 1t
is this maintenance that usually IS
neglected by county commissioners
and road supervisors.
As good an illustration of road
maintenance as I have beer able to
find is that practiced by New Hamp-
shire. New Hampshire's roads are
mainly graveled roads. Most of
them are rightly constructed, the
gravel being wet and rolled as it is
placed upon the road, but in many
places this is impossible on account
of the expense and in these places the
gravel is simply spread upon the road
and left for the traffic TO compact.
Many of these roads have to bear
q fairly heavy traffic. especially dur
ing the summer months. most Of
which is automobile traffic, and the
roads would soon be ruined were 1t
not for the maintenance feature Of
New Hampshire's road system. This
road maintenance is carried on by
several hundred patrolmen. They are
hired from the last OF March until
the first Of December, and their
work consists in patching every lit
tie rut and hole that appears, clean
ing the bitches and culverts and in
keeping the roads smooth.
Each patrolman has a section Of
road assigned him. He is required to
furnish q one-horse wagon, Il shovel,
a rake and q light road drag, The
road is smocthed by this drag after
every rain, and if chuck holes start,
fresh material is placed in them,
tamped down and left for the traffic
to compact.
These patrolmen are paid an aver
age of 1925 q day and the total cost
of maintenance runs about $40 per
mile per year. The total first cost
of construction Of these roads runs
about $4,000 a mile.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
: ROAD .
bUILDIRaG
MAINTENANCE IS A BIG ITEM
New Hampshire Uses Patrolmen, Who
Repair Every Little Hole as Soon
as 1t Appears.
CBy E B. HOUSE, Colorado Agricultural
College, Fort Collins, Colo.)

CBy z. B. HOUSE, Colorado Agricultural
College, Fort Collins. Colo.)
There are two elements that should
be figured in the cost of road con-
struction. First, the cost of construc-
ton. Second, the cost of maintenance.
It is the yearly average of these two
that should always be considered
when figuring the cost Of q road True
ii Is that roads may be constructed
in such q manner as to need very itt-
tie maintenance, but these roads are
very expensive to build, and it Is u
of the question to contemplate them
for the West. The other type Of road
IS the road that costs q moderate
sum to construct and then a yearly
charge for maintenance of said road.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
Dairy Club Boys Taught How to Sc
lect Good Milk Producers

them the value of thrift. Many plans
Of organization have been used in these
clubs, but the best one seems to be
a plan that provides for the calf to
be raised by the boy or girl and event
ually added to the milking herd Of the
parent In this way the juniors are
instructed In all the essentials Of the
raising and caring for calves and dairy
cows, instead of the care of the dairy
cattle being a task 1t becomes d pleas
ure. The extension department Of the
state colleges and also the department
Of agriculture assist In this work.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1918-08-21
Otd-WorId Industry.

No one exactly knows the origin OF
lace. Both Flanders and Italy claim
Its creation. Probably it was the nat
ural evolution Of embroidery.
One often hears the term pillow
lace" OF this 1t may be mentioned
that the phrase refers to lace made on
O pillow for the reason that it brought
the work to a correct height for the
maker and also because the lace re-
uuired less handling in this way. And
a kindred much heard expression,
.needle point lace" refers to that in
which the design is formed with but
one needle and one thread.
1t has never been well initiated by
machinery, since a machine cannot sat
lsfactorily produce a buttonhole stitch,
and this lace is largely formed by but
tonhole stitch and like loopings.