davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13
Some Self. Made Men.
From the Omaha world-Heral

From the Omaha World-Herald.
If you want the evidence that the.
United States is in fact a democracy. in
fact a iand of opportunity. take Il look
at the antecedents of the men who are
directing the war for it's defense.
president Wilson was the son of a
country parson; General Pershing was
porn on a little Missouri farm; Mr.. Taft.
chairman of the Red Cross central COM
mittee. began his career as "A newspaper
reporter: Charles NJ. Schwab, director
general of the emergency fleet corpora
ton. started as Il Sl0-a-week water bow
IN a Pennsylvania steel mill; John -.
Ryan. director of aircraft production.
was clerk in a small town grocery store:
General Cocktails started at the bottom
OF the ladder as "A West Point cadet:
Ho2ver ran a laundry agency. worked
hisNway through college by waiting table.
and then went to work as "A miner at 81
q lay: Henry p. Davidson, head of the
Red Cross war council. was a school
teacher and then a bank runner; Edward
X. Stettinius, surveyor general of army
supplies. worked in his fathers steam
boat building yard or the Mississippi:
bernard Baruch, chairman of the war in
dustrtes board, started AS a stock brokers'
clerk: diva N. Hurley. chairman of
the shipping board, worked on a farm
for $1S a month. and later was \ Burling-
ton railway locomotive fireman: Vance
Mccormick. chairman of the war export
board. was a farm boy; Henry Ford
started as . mechanic ut $3.50 n week;
Paul Warburg. vice chairman Of the
federal reserve board. was q commits
sion house clerk; Samuel McRoberts.
head Of the procurement division of the
bureau. taught school to get
money to study law; Julius Rosenwald.
carried salesinen's sAtchels and cierketl
II q store: William g. Coke. right hand
man to Schwab. WAS . SHY yards appren-
tice.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13
By FRED S. FERGUSON,
Press Staff Correspondent,

With the American Army in PIC
ardy. May % (delayed>-American
troops showed their punching w at
Cantigny.
From behind a friendly pile of beets,
on a knoll in the great plain which
faces Cantigny. l witnessed the at
tack which resulted in capture of the
village.
Amidst the detonations of hundreds
Of guns which filled the valley with
smoke and dust II flame. the
American troops went over the top.
MED they followed the French tanks
preceding them across No Mans Land
and with them penetrated more than
IA mile into the hoche positions.
Overhead French and American
shells made Neri,able hbo of sound
positions. AS | walked past battery
after battery in action. the crash of
guns was deafening.
Rounding a sharp corner, l came
upon one battery which had been
wheeled into the open and was wither-
ing the enemy with direct point blank
fire. so smothered with French and
lerN that French guns We're standing
squarely i'm the open at a crossing
OF the roads. believing defiance and
hammering the way for the American
infantry. Overhead French %aeroplanes
carrying American observers darted in
and out amidst the smoke of battle,
flying low, signaling To the batteries
and harassing the enemy.
"old Glory" Over Huns.
1 saw al American flag fluttering
from one plane which was headed
straight for the front after having
dropped a message at headquarters
and a momen later | knew that the
stars and stripes We're waving over a
new scene in American history. direct
ing the fire of our guns whose shells
raked the ground until it was like the
open gate of hell.
Across the valley the outlines OF
Cantigny's ruins were occasionally
visible through the smoke. To the rear
an observation hill. once wooded. had
been almost stripped, the bare skeletons
OF the remaining trees standing like
skeletons in the early sunlight.
Then "A straight line of fluffy white
smoke appeared at the base Of the hill
and moved slowly upward, enveloping
everything as it advanced. 1t was the
barrage chino which the Americans
could he seen through field glasses like
mere dots creeping slowly N steadily
forward behind The curtain of theil
own fire. In the valley French tanks
crept II slid and slipped like cater
pillars toward the enemy. Their sides
spat fire at the Germans as they adj
vanced mi cleaned up the enemy ma
chine gun nests with the %douglfboys
trailing behind them.
Battied in Gas Clouds.
Meanwhile the artillery fire contin-
lee in terrific volume Bursting shells
from the big guns could be seen far
to the rear of the German lines. All
the German batteries We're bathed i'm a
1eluge of gas and the roads behind
over which the enemy might sen re-
~nforcements We're kept under a o n
slant rain of high explosive shells
German sausage balloons attempting
observation work drifted and swung
in mid air but the French planes main
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13

section is holding a considerable part Of
me lorraine front and another section is
WIN the Anglo-Irench fighting army
iar'her north. The numbers in the fight
i"s llhe are increasing daily. and the
prooi or me Americans activity at The
'i'"c ucS mad more than 1910 east! alties.
"Their Motto Is Attack"
They are keen fighters. They remind
mo at every turn of the Canadians. They
nave begun with the idea of transforming
.rehch war INTO open war. Their motto is
Attack Attack, Attack, all the time.
When they took over their sector of the
lorraine front ii was comparatively quiet.
Now IL has become a field of continuous
activity. I'VE want this job clea ned an,
say the men. / found some artilleryinen
working 81 hours at "a stretch without
srunhling to hurry ON the beginning of
their attack.
lhes" men say little about the glory OF
war. but they reveal a cold. calculated
determination to end it. Their frigid
resolution impressed me as more terrible
man amy mere surface enthusiasm.
General Fershing voiced the sentiment
OF the entire army. met nm one after
noon when news from the northern front
was very gloomy. He seemed to brush
the gloom away. There can he no cues
tloh about what the end Of the war will
be. said he. We may possibly have "A
Time of hard knocks and buffetS ahead.
but only one conclusion is possible-a
complete allied victory"
IN actual air situation is this. America
has "A very large available supply of
trained pilots. men who have been most
carefully selected. These are. practically
all of them. college athletes. SO many
applied to .lofn the army air service that
the authorities were able to reject 90 per
cent. eliminating all except those most
thoroughly equipped, mentally and phys
ically.
Fliers' Brilliant Work.
The Americans also have an enormous
supply of skilled mechanics. America has
been able TO lend many thousand airplane
mechanics to England. They have now
erected II large tirplane training city in
the heart of France. They have today
fighting sq,ladrorS upon the eastern front
besides American fiicrs with both the
English and Frence forces. The brilliant
! work of these men is we'll known. The
/ speed of growth of the American airplane
force depends almost wholly upon the
supply of engines. anticipate that
Americas air strength will begin to be
directly felt us a real factor in the west
ern campaigns this autumn. 1t il felt
On II smaller scale already.
We wish we had 1000. 600 men i'm the
line" say the American soldiers. "But
let England and France hold on. Wen
have 1000. 600 here before the end if the
/ Job needs them" And they are keeping
the wires hot. sending messages across
the Atlantic. Hurry. Hurry. Send more
men!''
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13
American Accomplishment.


What are the Americans doing Before
Ehgland was in the. war "A year She had
Fought fonr great campaigns. The Cana
dams were war veterans before a year
was over. What have the Americans
done?
i have Just returned from "A long visit
20 the American lines i'm France. from
The bases on the Atlantic coast to the
Uutposts in No Mans Land In the she'll
swept sectors OF Lorraine. l rave had
opportunity TO examine their work and
10 discuss their future preparations with
their leaders. The best answer 10 the
question is a simple statement Of facts.
First, let ua understand the difficulties
Of the Americans. They we're hampered AT
the beginning by an almost complete lack
VI organization and by a very scanty war
personnel. Trained soldiers we're few.
The regular army was small and the state
militia was not equipped for modern war.
The government had refrained from max
Ing preparations before war was declared
lest 1t should seem TO be guilty of i'll
faith.
The American problem was very differ
ent from that of England or even of the
doninions. England could work from her
bases at home tor her operations A few
score miles away in France. The do
eninions sent their inen over to England
to Join prepared establishments But
America was sending her troops from an
average distance Of 1000 miles. She had
to prepare Il countrywide in Europe to
receive them. carry them frorl end to
end OF France. build docks at which they
could land. build railways over which
they could he carried. build vaSt ware
houses TO hold their supplies. ordnance
factories where their guns could he re-
rif1ed. motor works where motor cars
by the scores OF thousands could be as
se,nbIed and kept in order. and hospitals
whore 100000 men could be tended Mt once.
Must Feed Two Million.
She must thread France. from the
Atlantic coast to the German border with
her own telegraph lines. Vast cold stor-
age plants were necessary for the food
Of the army. lest some unhappy turn
might bring 1900. 600 men face to face with
starvation. For every two men I'm the
front lines there must he three behind
the lines. keeping up supplies. repairing
the wreckage of war. caring for the
wounded.
They had to lay the foundations. These
foundations have been laid with IA solidity
and with IA speed of which the world at
large has no idea. have seen some of
the most beautiful countryside of France
turned, mile after mile. into n region of
warehouses to store food for the army,
old cities of mid-France transformed by
The pulsing life of the vast numbers of
Americans that have come to train among
them.
The American troops in the fighting line
are more numerous than many English
people seem to imagine. If it were not for
the extravagant forecasts OF last year we
would he pleased with their numbers one
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13
CENSuRING MOVIES
BIG JOHN CHICAGO
superintendent of Police Tells
Something of Task Twelve
Censors Have.

Chicago-Ten years of moving pic
:ure censorship i'm Chicago have re-
suited in the elimination of hundreds of
thousands of feet from films shown to
more than 400, 900 persons daily, accord
ting to Mai. NJ. c. F~unkhouser, second
deputy superintendent Of police, who
reviewed the problems he a encoun-
tered as moral censor of the second
largest city in the United States, when
ne defended the ordinances under which
he operates, from recent. attacks
According to Major F'unkhouser. the
board Of IL censors. the members of
which are selected by civil service, and
which sits in Judgment on the pictures,
has little or no discretion in ordering
'cut-outs' or refusing to issue permits,
as they merely adhere to city ordi-
nances, and the state law which prohib-
its hanging scene The ordinances.
among other things. prohibit the show
ing Of pictures immoral, obscene or
which portray riotous disorderly or
other unlawful scenes which have a
tendency to disturb the public peace.
Within the last year 10.694 motion
pictures We're inspected by the censor
and his aides and out of this number.
only 1853 were rejected in their entirety,
age film is approximately 1000 feet i'm
length and the total number of feet
rejected by the censor last year was
2I6.556.
The cost of maintaining the censor
ing department is more than paid for.
by the permits issued to the producers.
which cost 81 each. Last year 29.697
permits were issued. The II censors
draw salaries rapsing from $3.50 to sl35
The trouble with the motion picture
producers OF today is that from 25 to
40 per cent Of the pictures produced
deal with sex. the eternal triangle. ar
finity. n white slave problems" Major
F%unkhouser declared. As approxi-
mately so per cent Of the motion pic-
ture audiences are composed of women
and children. especially children. in
theaters. outside Of the downtown dis
trict, and al children often obtain their
ideas Of morality from the pictures. a
close guard is necessary to see that the
pictures do not convey neo
IDEAS
Within \ year the city was made de.
PENDANT in IL suits by motion picture
concerns. Major Funkhouser said. The
courts. both state and federal. have de-
clared the city ordinances consttta-
ti0nal. And out Of seven cases tried. the
ss$S has won ak. The seventh v;ss
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13
German Problems and
Purposes Behind the Battle
From the 10 ndon Times.

a guarantee of a sufficient supply of
cotton and copper. Then. when
America is ready to negotiate" her in
fiuence must be eXerted Upon England
to obtain Australian wool for Ger
many. Similarly. Australia's interest
in maintaining her German market for
wool must be exploited and Germany
must refuse-even AT the cost of self
%denial--to import Brazilian coffee be
fore Brazil supplies the necessary
rubber.
On April 3 an anonymous writer
attempted without much success to
reply to Herr Dettman by arguing
the possibilities of exploitins Russia
and the east. and by saying that many
neutrals. lin return for money and
good words will be ready to act as
brokers for Germany.
A~nnexations in Africa.
On April & and April 16 Herr Emil
zimmerman. the we'll known colonial
enthusiast. interviewed with remarka-
lated Herr Dettmann on his courage
in facing facts. said that he him
self would go farther. He is con-
vinced that. il German industry can
not get enough wool. cotton. hides. and
rubber. the German consumers, so far
from continuing their abstinence from
leather boots. wooden clothing, cotton
undertaking, and rubber goods. will
throw the German market open to the
enemy. Herr Zimimermann's remedy
is. of course. Il vast colonial empire.
In his article of April IL he modestly
wrote:
We shall have to make our deduc-
superiority. After further great events
IN the west our colonial demands must
IN no circumstances continue to be
confined to the Belgian and French
n territories. ! call attention to
the fact that in the year 1913 Nigeria
exported 175,0W tons of palm kernels.
and Sierra Leone nearly. $4,000 tons:
Nigeria also delivered $1,000 tons OF
palm oil. Nigeria. CAMERON. and the
Congo territories are in n position to
deliver Immediately over 800. 0d0 tons
OF palm Kernels and palm oil. and.
even II the utmost consideration is
given to French interests in Africa. l
can very we'll conceive "a German
colonial empire in Central Africa and
In the South Seas which would supply
Immediately 100000 o n of oil fruits
and more than 100000 tons at an early
date: it would make us almost entirely
independent in the important question
OF our supply OF raw materials of oil.
Herr Zimmerman actually added:
firmly in our hands. But we must
await the coming events. and then we
shall talk further. Then we shall have
to speak Of the security of permanent
connections this colonial en-
ing of the German-lrish society Herr
Won Stumm. Of the foreign office. said
that q free Ireland would mean The
freedom Of the seas: q German alliance
secure the connection between Ger
Africa.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13

1t is now a%bundantly clear hat the
one hand. for the revival of indemnity
demands, and. on the other hand. for
intensified commercial preparation for
peace"
AS was shown in this column on
April IL and in our Hague CORE
spendent's telegram in the Times of
May 2. the whole Industrial. comner-
cial. financial, and shipping forces of
Germany are being brought together
in limited liability companies With a
nominal capital and unlimited ambi-
tons. The European Trading COM
pany,' of Bremen. with n nominal
capital of ESQ, 900, has been described.
The new Hamburg concern briefly
mentioned by u Hagu correspondent
q a nominal capital of E1,250. 600.
It's admitted object is the reconstruc-
ton of German oversee trade Its
directorate includes representatives of
all the most important German CON
Germs. and Is, indeed. so comprehensive
that 1T is hardly necessary to mention
names. They include. for example,
krupp's works at Essen. the Rhenish
Westphalian Coal syndicate, the Mer-
ton Metal company, of Frankfurt; the
Hamburg Amerika Line. and all the
hanks and electrical concerns.
The object of all This organization is
sHAs 'Si SuaIi DICSeIll All iDSO-
lutely united front in peace negotia-
TONS and III main question which is
exercising all German business minds
is n question of raw materials. Dur
ing the past six weeks the Vossische
Zeitung has been publishing particu-
,arly Illuminating articles. On March
IL Herr Eduard Dettmann, "a retired
German consul, insisted that the dam
ger of n raw materials boycott is
extremely eriou He reviewed the
whole field of German trade, and, after
expressing pessimistic views about
cotton. wool. and copper, added that
Germany was equally dependent upon
British India for jute. upon India and
Brazil for rubber. upon The Argentine
for hides. upon Bolivia for tin. and
upon other enemy sources for palm
oils. ~tobaccO. cocoa. and manganese
ores. On the other hand, the Develop
mentS IN the 8 had diminished Ger
nan anxiety about petroleum. and
Germany was also less dependent upon
Chile for nttrates owing to-the devel-
opment of her new nitrogen industry.
Herr Dettmann argued in effect that
h only available German weapon is
n veto pOn the export of potash, and
he declared that the only effect OF
stopping German exports Of dyes and
drugs has been to damage German
Trade and to promote foreign COMPETE
ton. He concluded:
We need the open door. otherwise
o,,rr. industry ,, , ToIld perish nan. c or
push the raw materials question into
The peace negotiations and to make It
one of the most important questions.
entente governments TO exercise nc In
fluence. direct Of indirect. to b injury
e ~ raw materials reSpirements. 4
~ sSyisabSe 70 aim q Definite sxrss.
msnts upon the hasis OF . imports
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13
Rattiers.. always plentiful IN PARTS Of

Rattlers.. always plentiful in parts Of
Washington state arc .hts year more
numerous than in any previous season.
Sheepmen are forcibly reminded of tho
know the mcnace In tho tattoo OF the
rattlesnake. and will change the!r
course at the sound. but ,k, lambs a.r
often bitten. There n noti,in: that en-,
be done for the relief Of ~ .an,I. %.hiri,
has. been bitten. I: dick :u n little
wAllo.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13
The Rstsrt P;srei.s.
From the Chicago Post.

why do you always have married
women ~ hostessss!" said . tacky
yesterday 1t the RED Cross canteen sta
ton on the lake front.
How can yeu. tell we're mar-ied?"
conntered . yeung matron Archly.
'Ah. 60 on!" was the Jacky's lisgusted
comment. Flow 10 yoa ten . Eords'
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-13

The st. Louis women's rifle squad
. been organised by 100 society
women aad girls OF that city.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1918-10-11
NEW YORK WORLD
BACKS S-HOUR DAY

NEW YORK, Oct. 5.-The New
York World accepts the eight-hour
day decision of Supreme Court JUS
tice Clark, of North Carolina, acting
as umpire for the National War La
Dor Board in the case of Wheeling
Iron Molders.
at has always been easy" says
the World, "to flout the assertion
that as much productive work, espe-
cially in connection with machinery.
could be done in eight as in nine,
ten or twelve hours, but in practice
the theory has been demonstrated.
In making these computations no one
day can be used for a test. The
honest eight-hour worker will do
more in year than the ten-hour
worker, and he will live and work
more years"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1918-10-11

the next Legislature repeal several
important labor laws. The San
Francisco Clarion says:
"Those who formerly profited by
he toll Of women and children arc
to use the war as preteXt for de-
stroying all such laws.
"To be sure the President of the
United States and the War Labor
Board have declared that these laws
should not be interfered with, but
these employers believe that now is
the time to set the workers back,
and they will leave no stone unturned
to accomplish that purpose.
"If sufficient interest is taken BY
the workers from now until election
day there need be but little fear that
any of the enemies of the workers
will be successful. But vigilance is
absolutely necessary. Otherwise some
Of them will surely slip through"
The workers Of Washington should
take this warning as directed to
them. Labor in this State must keep
its eyes open. Eternal vigilance is
the price of liberty"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1918-10-11
LABOR DESIRES
UNITY OF SPIRIT
IN COMMON CAUSE

1t is a contention of certain en-
plOyers that labor in some parts of
the country is profiteering, meaning
that wages are too high in some
cases.
The National. War Labor Board
was formed for the purpose of ad-
justing industrial disputes.
A great many cases already have
come before it.
The records show that in a great
many cases wages have been raised
and employers ordered to permit the
men to organize into unions.
The records do not show any single
case in which the board has ordered
wages reduced.
If Labor really were profiteering
this would not be the case.
The fact is that Labor is strain
ing a good many points in order to
keep war production going top speed,
overlooking a good many things that
in peace times would provoke drastic
remedial measures.
The cases in which Government
agencies have had to call employers
to account are too numerous to be
listed, not to mention those indus
tries over which the Government has
had to assume entire control.
There remains to be brought for
ward the first case in which the
Government brands Labor's stand
ards as exorbitant or profiteering.
What the nation wants and what
Labor is striving to give is united
and full service in the cause of our
Republic. And Labor is striving to
do this under an increased cost of
living that is nowhere near approach
ed by the average increase in wages.
Labor is in this war to make it's
Liberties secure. 1t is not in it for
profiteering purposes. For Labor
this war for an ideal Labor is
incapable of sordd purpose.
There is profiteering much
profiteering-but it is not being done
by the working people of America.
The working people are giving
service to humanity-giving it fully
and freely and gladly, conscious of
the great purpose that is being
served, glorying in the opportunity to
give that service.
They fight for the Freedom that
lies ahead!
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1918-10-11

in taxes for their state, city, county
and town governments.
Let no one think he escapes taxes
because he pays none to the tax
collector. Those who pay least in
that direct way, pay as a class, nearly
all taxes, which are easily shifted
from the rich to the poor
Whoever rents a house, flat, store,
office, garage or pays anything to
a landlord, pays the taxes charged
against the landlord. The landlord
pays the taxes to the state but he
collects them from his tenants.
1t is the same with mortgages.
Taxes are assessed against the lender,
but he charges them up against the
borrower.
If the state should tax gasoline
The consumer would pay the tax.
But the land values tax, freeing
the unused earth, can't be passed on,
because when prices get too high,
on a free earth, more consumers be-
come producers. Every evil mends
itself under Freedom.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1918-10-11

ed states that "the world war, in
which all nations are now STRUGGLING
for existence, has brought home as
never before the necessity of bette,
care for the health of the men, wo-
men, and children who make up the
DOpulation."