davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1918-11-12

sent shock OF apprehension around the
world. none foreseeing then how splend-
Idly Townshend's defeat was to be
avenged by the victories Of Maude and
Allenby.
On February 81 the Germans began
grand assault upon verdun, massing
against II the most tremendous forces OF
men and heavy artillery the world has
ever known in action. It became the
bloodiest battle Of the war to date. and
II was then that the French flashed forth
the great phrase which became the bat
tie cry Of civilization, They shall no,
pass"
The sun., 1918-11-12
FRENCH WIN NEW
GLORY AT VERDUN

The year 1916 began with compulsory
military service in Great Britain. Jan
uary witnessed also the abandonment OF
the Gallipolis enterprise and the defeat
of the Turks in Mesopotamia by the
army under Gen. Townshend at Kut-el-
Amara. This last success soon was fol-
lowed. however. by a disaster. Town
shend. advancing too eagerly from his
base OF supplies. WAS cut off at Kut,
surrounded and starved into submits
sion. The capture of the British army
The sun., 1918-11-12
GERMAN PROPOSALS
FOR PEACE SPURNED

1t seemed at this period that the Ger
man Government was earnestly intent
on procuring a peace which would pre-
serve to Germany the main fruits of
her Victories: would at least guarantee
her Eastern occupations and the Mittel-
europa dream of the Pan-Germanists.
The German Government proposed to
the Pope and the other neutrals
that peace negotiations begin at once.
President Wilson asked all belligerent
nations to name the terms upon
which they would consider peace. But
the Entente Allies declined even to
consider Teutonic propositions so evil
IDENTIFY empty and insincere. Then. as
thereafter, the British and French calm
" determined that tho sufferings and
sacrifices made by their people should
rot go for nothing. spurned all German
oNerturcs.
Stripes Ordered on L. 2. ships.
As 1917 began with the rejection of
Germanys peace Offer" Germany in
furiated, decreed that sea traffic would
be stopped with every available weapon
in water around Great Britain, France.
Italy and in the eastern Mediterranean.
1t proposed with insolence that fred
American hearts that American ships
COuIu pursue tHelT COURSES only WnCrl
striped like a barber pole. This was the
,, straw that broke the camers back OF
American patience. 1t was a repudia-
ton of al pledges made to the United
States r-.-'r
On February the United States sew
cred diplomatic relations On February &c
the President asked for power to arm
American ships. On April G the United
States declared war against the German
Empire. Paclfsts and seditionists and
rabbit hearts made great cutlery
against all Of these measures. Even in
| the United States Senate and House
there were groups of "wilful men" who
| fought tenacously on what could be no
other than the German side. But public
opinion had its way and in April the
United States began to go TO war with
| vigorous preparation.
German duplic!ty had been exposed
/ by the discovery of the Zimmerman
! plot to embroil Japan and Mexico
against America. German and Austrian
ships in American ports deliberately
crippled by their crews. were seized. On
| April IA, the House passed the $1,000
/ 900. goo war revenue hill. On May is
tho selectivc draft bill was signed by
the President
Other Nations Join Allies.
All that was done in this country in
the way Of building up the army TO the
| size of 100000. OF raising the navy
to 100000. of the great shipbuild!ng
The sun., 1918-11-12

In April the Germans ralded England
and Scotland with Zeppelins. the first
OF series of nurderous but utterly
ralueless expeditions from a military ard
political standpoint. For many months
to come the sausage sha ped dirigibles
and the fast flying Gothas were to drop
bombs upon undefended towns. killing
men. women and children. but the only
result was to intensity England's de-
termination to fight and to win and to
make entirely clear what the rest of the
world had to expect from Germany.
Sim Fein Revolt Quelled.
Ireland, disturbed by German agents
and narrow part!sans, went to rioting
against British authority In April and
was placed under martial law. On the
seth the main body OF the Sim Fen
rebels surrendered and the punishment
of many of them was death or imprison-
ment In June Sir Roger Easement, a
British knight. was convicted Of treason
| and shot in Clerkenwel prison. There
were rumblinss I'm Ireland long after
ward. but the stern decision OF the
| British Government had put an end 10
| the danger OF real revolt
A great event OF the year was the
naval battle OF Jutland. which took place
May 81. The German high sea fleet in
its one essay OF the war put TO sea and
was encountered by TIE British sea
patrols. In the action that followed
British battle cruisers. light cruisers and
| dest.oyers bore the brunt OF a desperate
/ fight against the heaviest ships OF the
German line. The great British battle
ships came up too late TO crush the Ger
| man fleet, and the latter fed away
through the mists to seek refuge again
! back of mined waters and great land
| guns. This had been the first sea battle
since that of the Digger Banks Janu-
airy "a, 1915. when the British battle
cruiser feet defeated the German battle
cruiser squadron and sank the Bluecaer.
! In July. 1916, the British by terrific
effort and sacrifice won the battle OF
the Somme. piercing the German lines
north of that river. On July II the
The sun., 1918-11-12
u. S. TROOPS HALT
FOES PARIS DRIVE

All peace overtures having been
spurned by civilization, Germany was
forced TO fight II out. On June 9 the
Germans began a great offensive be-
tween Noyon and Montdidier, which slc-
Continued on Eighth Page.
The sun., 1918-11-12
Drive for Calais ROLLED.

July saw the French plunging forward
at Verdun and recapturing positions long
out OF their hands. At the end OF July
the British and French in Flanders de-
feated q terrific German effort to end
The sun., 1918-11-12
. THE GREAT FACTS

REGINNING July 1914 ending November
great lasted four three months fifteen
1867 days.
As the painted Powers
for four less Then
Allies destroyed autocracy.
The sun., 1918-11-12
Italy Declares War on Austria.

Italy declared war against Austria
May 20, 1916, and began swiftly victo-
rious campaign to win Gorilla. in the
mountain region along the border. Aus
tro-G erman forces retook PrZemysl in
that month. and in August the whole
Austro- German lire in the east having
advanced Warsaw fell to German
troops on the 9Th Three weeks later
Russiss strongest fortress In Poland.
Brest -Litovsk, was taken, and thereaf-
ter, except for n brilliant adventure in
Galicia. Russia was out of the war. So
far as the strictly military history Of the
year goes the principal events in the
west were the fruitless efforts made by
the German masses to plunge through
i the allied trench detences at YpreSs in
| April and May and In the Argonne in
! July.
The year was especially notable for
| the putting into operation of Germany 5
submarine ruthlessness.- On February
4 she announced a war zone around
Great Britain and Ireland. The United
States warned Germany February 10 not
| to destroy neutral ships, and on the
same day Great Britain was told that
| the American nag was not TO be flown
! by her vessels. On March os. however,
! the Germans sank the steamship .Falaba
! and struck again when the American
Gulhight was torpedoed without warning
/ on May 1 by a U-boat.
1t was on May :, however, that the
| U-boats achieved their most atrocious
victory" of the whole war. They sank
the great Cunarder Lusitania and de-
stroyed 1900 lives Among the lost
were many well known American citl-
, zens. On May l3 the United States
called upon Germany to disavow the
| sinking and TO take steps to prevent u
| recurrence Of such outrages but Ger
! many temporized then and for n long
| time thereafter. easily giving promises
! and assurances that were cynically and
cruelty violated. William Jennings
Bryan quit office June as Secretary
! of State because he was dissa tisfied
| with the threatening policy OF the
| United States toward Germany, but on
september l Count Won Bernstorff, the
German Ambassador. absolutely guarau-
| teed on behalf OF Berlin that neutral
vessels would not be sunk without warn
| ing.
DIR. Dumbs IL Sent Home.
| In this period the plots and poison
propaganda OF German agents in Amer
I lea were beginning to astonish those who
The sun., 1918-11-12
.$172,000,0O0

Grand total of estimated cost in money
of which may be retrieved by Germanys surrender
THE GAIN TO HUMANITY
solid establishment over the world of the
rule of the people.
The sun., 1918-11-12

Other Nations Join Allies.
All that was done in this country in
the way of building UP the army to the
size of 100000. OF raising the navy
to 100000. of the great shipbuid!ng
The sun., 1918-11-12
DIR. Dunhbs IL Sent Home.

In this period the plots and poison
propaganda OF German agents in Amer
lea were beginning to astonish those who
The sun., 1918-11-12
Foe L. Turned Back Mt Marine.

On the western front the Germans
were rolling toward Paris. numbering
civilians, burning cities. outraging
women and robbing church and home.
The destruction of Louvain stands out
In this terrible period when the world
first realized what black depths lay in
the German character. The menace TO
Paris was so great that September q
the French Government moved to Bor-
deaux. but by September the retreat
OF the Allies ended at the River Marne,
where Marshal Joffre and his subordi-
naNe, Ferdinand Foch smashed Gen.
Won Kluck's centre and compelled the
hasty retirement of the whole German
line from the North Sea 10 Switzerla nd.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
Need of Marking
Off Export Business

Of the associations which have al
ready served notice on the Federal
Trade Commission that they purpose to
function under the Webb law, it has
been noticed that sufficient care re-
garding the legal form of the organ.
ization has not been taken. In some
instances, it is said, the line between
the domestic business and the export
business has not been drawn distinctly
enough. The Webb law specifically
states that it affects only corporations
or associations dealing solely in export
trade. A corporation that sells. in for
eign countries and in the American
dependencies, for example, is not
looked upon as engaged solely In ex-
port trade, as commerce with American
possessions is considered in law as
trade within the United States" Com
petent observers say that, unless cor
rectcd, such oversights are likely to
cause trouble when in the future a
concern may cite the Webb law as a
defence of certain of its acts in viola
ton of the antitrust laws.
Where a corporation is engaged in
both domestic and foreign business
students CT the law declare that thew
should make the export side of the
business into separate legal entity.
Where group of competing corpora
tions combine. new entity is auto
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
FINANCIAL MEETINGS
SOUTHERN PACIFIC COMPANY
NOTICE OF MEETING.
100 broadway. New York N Y


A Special Meeting Of the Stockholders o.
the Southern Pacific Company viii be he'd
at the office of this Company in Anchorage,
Jefferson County, Kentucky, on Wednesday.
October 9, 1918, at II o'clock noon stand
ard time, for the following purposes, viz
To authorize, approve and ratify On tho
execution and delivery Of d contract or con-
tracts between this Company separately or
Jointly with any one or more or ali Of its
proprietary and affiliated companies as
party or parties of the first part and the
United States. or its representative. as
party of the second part. relating TO the
compensation to be paid for the possession,
use and control of the railroad and system
of transportation. and its appurtenances, Of
this Company and of such of its propre-
tary and affiliated companies IL arv as
shall be parties TO such contract, and to the
operation, maintenance and return of such
properties. and to any her matter con-
nected with or growing out of Tho taking
over Of the said properties by the President
of the United States, and Cd any action o.
the Board of Directors OF this Company In
respect thereto; TO authorize the sa 4 Board
% to alter, amend add to such con-
tract, CD 10 collect the compensa ton tc bs
paid under such contract, and. II said con-
tract be joint, 20 agree with the other
companies parties thereto to tho division
OF said compensa ton. and to take ali such
other and further action the said Board
shall deem necessary to secure adequate
compensation, proper use, operafi and
maintenance, and a timely return Of tas
properties SO taken over; and generally 20
consider and act upon any and al questions
and matters incidental to the purposes
aforesaid or growing out OF the Aforesaid
Federal Control of properties of This COM
pany and It's proprietary and affiliated COM
panieS.
For the purposes of the meeting the books
for the transfer of stock will be closed at 3
o'clock +. NJ, Tuesday. September "A. lsls,
and viii be rcopened AT 10 o'clock d. u.
Thursday. October 20. 1918.
BY order of the Board OF Directors.
HUGH NELL. Secretary.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
Slump i'm Cotton
Follows Price
Fixing Report
Market Breaks $50 Points
on Proposed Control
of Staple

The report from Washington that
President Wilson had told Southern
Senators in conference that the Ad-
ministration purposed to fix the price
of cotton and control it's distribution
yesterday caused flood of selling in
the New York Cotton Exchange, and
prices fell off 143 to $50 points to a
level cents a pound below that
which prevailed recently when the end
August crop indications were pub
lished. The latest advice from the
capital shattered the hopes of the
traders that protracted investigation
of the cotton situation might delay
price sterilization until after the pres
ent crop was marketed.
BY steady liquidation the traders ex-
pressed their belief in the correctness
Of the report, although it was reported
around the ring that Senator Smith, of
South Carolina, who acted as spokcs-
man for the Southern delegation at the
interview at the White House this
week, had told member of the Cotton
Exchange over the long distance tcle-
phone, yesterday morning that price
fixing was not discussed at the con-
ference, at which the problems of dis
trlbution and of consumption of the
low grades of cotton were considered
Absorption with the prospects of
paternalism in cotton was so complete
in the exchange yesterday that the
traders ignored the reports of low
temperatures and light to heavy frosts
coming from seven stations in northern
and western Mississippi and Tennessee.
Normally they would have been con-
ducive to rise in prices. The general
disposition, however, was to even up
commitments with the long interest
showing relative weakness or nervous
ness.
The local market for spot cotton was
steady and 100 points lower at 1855
for middling upland; sales nil. The
prices in the Southern spot markets
were as follows:
Galveston steady, unchanged at 335;
sales 1856 bales. New Orleans dull, un-
changed at 1915; sales 954 bales.
Savannah nominal, unchanged at 32c;
sales $50 bales. Wilmington steady.
100 lower at $3.50; sales nil. Augusta
steady, l13 lower at 30.S7; sales ISL
bales. Memphis steady, unchanged at
$3.50; sales 1000 bales Houston
steady, 1875 points lower at Bits; sales
6.403 bales. Little Rock steady, un-
changed at $3.50; sales 76 bales.
A comparison of prices follows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
Regular Declarations

Geneva Cutlery Corporation Dividend O.
$3.50 a share the preferred stock. payable
October l to stockholders OF record Septen-
Der %.
Taylor Wharton Iron & Steel Company
Dividend of per cent on the common stock;
payable October l to stockholders of RECORD
September "A.
Central Union Trust Company.-Q
dividend OF u per cent, payable October
to stockholders of record September 20.
Citizens National Bank.-Quarterly dfl'
dend of 212 per cent, payable October 70
stockholders of record September %.
Kansas Gas & ElectriS Company.-Quar'
terly dividend of ls. per cent on the pre-
ferred stock. payable October l to stockhod-
ers of record September q.
National Park Bank.-Quarterly DIVIDEND
of per cent, payable October l to stoeH-
holders of record September 20.
Triumph Oil & Refining Company;,,-
Monthly dividend of Il per cent payable
October 3 to stockholders Of record Septeai'
Der %.
Union Carbide Company.-Qusrterly diVF
dend of per cent, payable October l.
Western Electric Company. Qusrte1y
dividends of $3.50 share on the common
and ll2 per cent on the preferred stocss;
both payable September 80 to stockholders o.
record September u
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
Relevant Comment
Harvester Dividend a Helm

Declaration of a common dividend
of s1.5O a share by the new Interna-
tional Harvester Company will work
out to the advantage Of the stockhold-
ers of the international Harvester
Company of New Jersey and the Inter
national Harvester Corporation, now
merged. On the basis of the exchange
of stock of these two concerns into the
new it is figured out that the dividend
Just declared If continued quarterly,
will be equivalent to So a share. Under
the exchange arrangement common
holders of the International Harvester
Company Of New Jersey received one
and one-third shares of new common
for each share of common turned in.
In the case of the International Har-
vester Corporation it is the first divi-
dend the junior shareholders have re-
ceived since 1914.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
Streetcar Disputes Not
Federal Court Matte,

COLUMBUS, Ohio, Sept. 21.-Juris-
dlction Of the Federal courts to decide
rate controversies between municipali
ties and street railway companies oper-
atlQg under franchise is denied bv
Federal Judge Westenhaven, of Cleve-
land, III decision handed down here
to-day. The court refused an iniunc-
ton to the Columbus Railway. Power
u Light Company to prevent the citv
OF Columbus interfering with the com
pany raising fares to S cents cash and
| cent for transfers from the franchise
rate OF eight tickets for 25 cents and
Tree transfers. Following an award of
increased wages to company employees
by the Federal War Labor Board in
settlement of strike, the street rail-
way sought TO abandon its franchise
raised the fares and applied to the
Federal courts for an injunction to
prevent the city from interfering.
Pending the court decisions and act
ing upon advice Of the City Attorney.
thousands of car patrons have been
riding free, it is said.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
why it should not be used to restore
the dollar to par in the neutral mar
kets.
Money and Credit

The local banks strengthened their
cash position last week in the face of
a large expansion in the loan account.
The weekly statement of the Clearing
House issued yesterday disclosed ex-
cess reserves of s65 1885, 40, an increase
of $40, 5S0,950 over week ago. Aggre-
gate reserves increased $43,076,000 to a
total of 1851 ,OS6,000.
Loans and discounts of the banks ex-
banded $72,64S,0O to a total of 1885,
o22,Q00. Net demand deposits increased
S22,S62.o00 during the week United
States government deposits increased
from $751;. o16,o00 to $253,21S,O00.
Discount Rates.-Ths following table
gives the current rates Of the twelve
Federal Reserve banks on commerc oil
paper on all periods up to ninety day s:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
New York Firms
Under the Webb Law

Among the associations which have,
IN accordance with the law, filed re-
ports of the nature of their business
with the Federal Trade Commission,
are the following New York bust
nesses: the Allied Sugar Machinery
Corporation, the Allied Construction
Machinery Corporation, the Allied Ma
c:hlnery Company of America, the
American international Steel Corpora
ton, the American Steel Export Com
pany, the American Steel Export Com
pany's Brazilian Corporation, the Au-
tomobile Products Corporation, F.
Cranz, Inc; Cranz Importating Com
pany, Dodge & Seymour, Export Trade
Association, Factory Products Export
Corporation, Galban Noecker &, Co.,
Inc; international Clearing House
Of New York, Inc; Manufacture
els' Agents Company, Inc; Markt &
Hammacher Company, Mexican Import
ing & Exporting Corporation; Muller,
Maclean e. Co, Inc; Semtec, Ltd; W.
}: Sparks & Co.; Sydney Ross Company,
ton; Deco Company; De Lima, Correa
4 Cortissoz, Inc; European & Far
Eastern Sales Company, Farjarde
Bros. & Co., Galena Signal Oil Com
pany Of Brazil, Helsam Company, Par
sons d Whittemore, Texas Company,
Zaldo Martinez Export Company,
Inc, and Zocola Company.
In commenting on the reports sub
united by the foregoing and other as
sociations, a representative of the Ex-
port Division of the Federal Trade
Commission said to the "Tribune:"
The list of names of those who have
submitted reports is made public, ire
spectlve of whether they are 'associa-
tons within the meaning of the act,
as defined therein. 1t has been noted
that many reports have by filed by
.assoclations,' which do not purport to
be organized for the sole purpose of
engaging in exporting to foreign coun-
tries. Whether or not such associa-
tons actually engage solely in export
trade will be matter of proof, when
the activities of a given association
is being considered"
Inasmuch as the American Govern
ment and the Allies are the purchasers
of nearly the whole of the outputs of
American factories the opportunity for
free trading in foreign countries ap-
parently will be small as long as
the war lasts, especially in view of
the rigorous restrictions and in
hlbitions placed upon foreign COM
merce by the War Trade Board. In
fact because of war conditions the
Webb law now allows virtually nothing
more to be done than could be done
before the act was passed. The Webb
law was designed primarily for after
the war business.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-09-22
Organization Problems
Now Being Solved

Because of this fact, many business
units which expect to take advantage
of the Webo law deem it unnecessary
to file reports of their intention with
the Federal Trade Commission at the
present time. They argue that since
the new machinery can not be used un-
til the war is over, it is unnecessary
to construct the formal instruments
at this time
mining the methods of trade interests
which may develop into associations
that will cover whole industries. does
not preclude active preparation. 1t de-
ters the units from organizing for
mally, but the formalities constitute
merely the legal recognition of an
effected arrangement. The important
work of reorganization and negotiation
among competitors is now going on.
Business men hail the present time
as an era of good feeling among COM
pettors, who are drawn together by the
common purpose of helping America
to crush the common national enemy.
This of all time. they argue, is the time
to discuss and prepare for cooperation
in foreign trade. 1t is held that after
the war, if nothing is done until that
time in preparation for foreign trade,
the old doubts and enmities within in
dustrles may arise and cooperation
rendered more difficult, if not impos-
sible.
To a very large extent, therefore,
parleys are now being held in in
dustrial and trade centres of this
country between competitors. The
business units are working on blue
prints, as it were, for the foreign trade
structures they purpose to build as
soon as peace comes. Such questions
as whether a single association shall
cover all the units of an industry or
whether they shall be several as
sociations with price agreements among
themselves. which of existing selling
organizations in foreign countries shall
be dropped and which retained. shall
goods sold in foreign countries through
t3e Webb law associations be sold out
right by manufacturers TO the associa-
tons or merely consigned to them-arc
the kinds of basic business problems
which are now being COPIED with. When
they are settled, all that will remain
will be the legal task of Incorporating. #
the association decides to take the form
OF corporation and then fling a re-
port as to the nature of the association
with the Federal Trade Commission.