davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Cottonwood chronicle. [volume] (Cottonwood, Idaho) 1917-current, 1918-05-17
COTTONWOOD
AND VICINITY

Joe Mcdonald of Denver went
to Lewiston Tuesday on business
trip.
Mrs. Amell and child, residing
near Cottonwood, went to Spo-
kane Tuesday for a visit.
Miss Rena Schubert visited
friends in Lewiston several days
this week.
Leo Rad went to Spokane Tues
day to drive back a Buick car for
the Hoene Hardware.
DR.. Shinnick was in Lewiston
Saturday and Sunday on profess
sional business.
Jack Back had one of his fingers
broken Tuesday, while working at
the rock crusher.
Mathew Schmidt has sold his
73-acre place just north of town
to Ferdinand Gobel for $5875.
Miss Lenora Fox and Miss Anna
Jacobs of Nezperce were visiting
friends in Cottonwood Sunday.
Geo. Mcpherson is having the
county surveyor do some work on
his farm west of town this week.
Mrs. Bart Simon has returned
home from an extended visit with
her sister, Mrs. Mcmahon, in Spo-
kane.
Ray Shinn, one of the prosper
Gus stockmen of the Doumecq
country, was doing business in
town Saturday.
The Hattrup mill at Keuterville
started up this week, and has a
contract to cut this summer for
the Hussman Lumber Co.
Percy Puyear arrived home Sat-
urday evening from a trip to Spo-
kane. He drove back a new r.
cylinder Haynes car.
Martzen brothers Felix and
John-returned home Saturday
from Spokane, each driving back
a brand-new Buick car.
Mrs. A. Orbison of Nezperce, a
former resident of Grangeville,
spent several days here this week
as the guest of her friend, Mrs.
Elvin Parker.
Father Baerlocher and John F.
Nuxoll of Greencreek left here
Tuesday for Boise to attend the
installation of Bishop German,
the new Catholic bishop.
Miss Verna Elliott returned to
her home at Vollmer Tuesday
morning, after a couple of days
pleasant visit here with her cous-
in, Mrs. lola Geizentanner.
Mrs. J. H. Welte, who was op-
Grated upon at the Lewiston hos
pital three weeks ago, came home
Wednesday much improved in
health. Mr.. Welte went to Lew
iston and accompanied her home.
Mr.. and Mrs. B. A. Miller and
little daughter were in town We'd
nesday from their Winona farm
home. Mr.. Miller is sure that
the WinOna country never looked
better than it does at the present
time, and predicts the greatest
crops in the history of the country.
Rev. ]. B. York of Lewiston,
formerly a Baptist minister of this
place, is here this week visiting at
the home of his daughter, Mrs.
Glenn Powers, and his son Allen,
who is in the employ of Joe Brock
man. One of his daughters, now
a school teacher at Sites, will
soon go to France as Red Cross
nurse.
A number of ladies met with |
the men last night at a meeting
of the Patriotic League and helped
to organize a War Savings Socie-
ty-the same as are being organ
lied in every city and town in the
United States. ]. V. Nash was
chosen chairman and Miss Delma
Wilder as secretary. The society
will meet in Odd Fellows hall ev-
cry I'd and 4th Thursday evenings
at z o'clock. Geo. M. Robertson
will Ui1yo Qk Y1,ortb Of ,,,,,, e-,,,;,, 49,,
Cottonwood chronicle. [volume] (Cottonwood, Idaho) 1917-current, 1918-05-17
Good Land in Canaan.

Eleven to $50 per acre; terms une-
qualed-2O years to pay. Only one
tenth down and no further payment
on principal for four years. First TWO
years only two per cent if land is oc-
cupied and 6 per cent thereafter.
Many farms in Canada have trebled
in value in the last three years.
When the income at present prices of
ten runs as high as $50 per acre on
our $50 land you can not afford to
miss this wonderful opportunity to be-
come independent,
Low rates to homeseekers. For de-
scriptive literature and further infor-
nation, address G. w. Roat, C. P. r.
Land Agent, Nezperce, Ida. 1920
Cottonwood chronicle. [volume] (Cottonwood, Idaho) 1917-current, 1918-05-17
Secondhand Cars

We have several used cars that we
are offering at very low prices.
Hoene Hardware.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
w That a Failure Of 1918 Crops
w Would Mean

But military service and industries en-
larged by war have already reduced farm
ing forces in this country from 10 to Is
per cent, writes Mark w. Potter, prcsi
dent of the Carolina, Clinchfield e. Ohio
Railway, in an article in "The Manufact-
urers' Record Mr. Potter says:
"a failure of crops in 1918 or nnv con-
siderable reduction below the production of
i|lI would, by doubling the prices of food
S'uhs IN this country next fall and winter
create intense distress and cause social and
industrial disorders. The probable results
OF famine in Europe which a reduced pro
ductlon here would cause and the possible
effect upon the determination of the war are
700 terrible to contemplate. No degree of
alarm at the prospect could be considered
undue. The relations of producers
70 consumers and of production to consumn
ton nave changed forever. Instead of excess
production of the past we face a shortage for
the future, and this epoch marking change is
presenting the worlds most serious economic
and social problems. Production must be IN
creased. wastes must be avoided and greater
chclencleS must be accomplished. The pco-
PIE OF TINS country have no more important
duty than to increase the supply of beef.
pork and mutton and other foodstuffs at least
90 per cent with the least possible delay"
Gardening Is necessity of greater im-
portance than ever before, Farm Life"
urges, going on to say
This publication hss the reputation of ho.
lA& sAsel9a. Ak ~ Rat gApt Aaa sxts and
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

York City labor" commission from Eng.
land joined with American labor leaders
in large meeting last week at the
launching of the campaign. This COM
mittee consisted of Charles Duncan, Labor
Member of Parliament; w. A. Appleton,
secretary general of the Federated Trades
Unions; Joshua Butterworth, Associated
Shipwrights' Society, and D. l.. Moses, of
the Pattern Workers. Union. Mr. Duncan
is general secretary of the General. Work
ers' Union and Labor Member of Pnrla-
ment for Darrow and Furness.
Another straw in the wind is the state
ment Of "The New York Evening Sun"
that "uninterruptedly since August, 1914,
German propagandists have sought to
corrupt organized labor in the United
States and to convert it from it's econo-
mic and political purposes into a military
weapon of the imperial government"
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

MS country to make a. determined effort
to do something that will increase foor
PRODUCTION. The South's grazing lands,
ne thinks, should be utilized to the fullest
capacity to save grain
AS one means of relieving the labor
shortage, George T. Powell, of Ghent.
N. T., would follow the example of Great
Britain during the first year of the war
and encourage women to take up farm
work. Mr.. Powell has advised the Wom-
ems National Farm and Garden Associa-
ton, says ''The Chatham Courier."-
TO begin course of instruction in New
1ofk City where the women can be taught
,he principles of farming and how to use
tools. The proper manner of holdino a hoe
rake or pitchfork can be taught in New yorL
as we'll as in the country There will he no
theoretical instruction. All will be practical
and Will be given by women who have had
1arm experience and who know exactly wher,-
of they speak.
The plan of the organization is to sand
tnese women to the farming districts in units
OF ten, twenty, thirty or fifty, depending unon
Ihe demand They will have chaperon and
e" cooA' VIII rent house in central loca
~. oA VIII tlVc IN tents and will Drovjda
thelr own food and lodging. The farmers in
mat vicinity may obtain the services of ono
'"o' hVe or whatever number they NAV re-
quire to assist them in putting in their crows
and IN handling them later"
The employment Of women on the farm
mas, however, passed the test of actual
experiment in this country also. Mr.
Powell is quoted as saying further:
Last year fifty Barnard College woman
worked on the farms in Westchester County
ana IN every instance the service was on,
t'tey satisfactory. Mr.. Powell conferred
WIN seven members of the Bedford farmers,
ciup' each of whom had employed these owls
ana d All we're satisfied with the work. Thev
neiped !, plant corn and later cultivated it with
l;ght cultlvators and they helped to hoe ~
'he helds Some of them assisted in the bar-
vest and the farmers said thew ware sur-
prised at the manner in which the girls
some OF them slight of stature. handled
!, lorksful OF hay after they had been taught
ene easiest way of doing the work. Tbev
"efs paid twenty cents an hour. and the men
" ". "o employed f1ve or ten of them said thew
a'o more and better work than the fo,a;rr
"a laoorers When the hour to ston work cama
inc foreigners threw down their tool. in Ne ,he
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

inches, with a threc-inch subsoil loosener ex
tending below the plough sole The field is
treated both ways with an iron clod crusher
Then follows disking, then peg tooth har
row The grain is drilled great care beinp
taken to run the drill in an absolutely
straight line. This is made easier bv inter
posing sulky truck with euidinv
handle between horses and dill. When tbe
grain is up about four inches it is rolled
with large Gone and one-haf foot diameter>
wooden roller. When about sixty inches
flgh and the weeds begin to show or III.
surface soil to pack, the drill is changed to
'ultlvator by substituting little plouehs for
the droppers and driving the drill carefu,1v
down the rows. 1t is really not so difficr,t
as 1T sounds and works wonders, especjal1v
during dry spring
THE problem of fertilization is linked u,
with the problem of livestock. This in turn
is vital to the meat supply An increased
production, conservation and use of stabye
manufss ara imperative In visw Of tho fact
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

not only in the interests Of the working
masses, but of legislation.
The right hand chart shows the forma-
tion of the A. F. of L., commencing with
26,761 local unions, with membership of
2,371 ,434. These locals are the base Of
the A. L. of L. structure, and are divided
into national and international unions, ex-
elusive Of the 845 local trade and Federal
unions which are chartered direct by the
A. f. of L. because of an insufficient
number of unions in one craft or calling
to organize national or international
union. Local unions, regardless of affilia-
ton, constitute the city and state bodies.
Local departments are formed by workers
in various industries, as building, metal,
etc. The five departments indicated on
the left Of the chart refer to the local de-
partment idea nationalized.
The left hand chart shows at glance
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Speed Up Intensive Agriculture

NlSCUSSING the question of agri-
cultural mobilization, DR.. Rov S.
MacElwee, in one Of the series Of
columbia War Papers" issued by Column
bla University, expresses the opinion that
intensive agriculture is not being gener-
ally practised in the United States. Gin
spite of earnest efforts from MANY
sources; and he quotes for comparison
the average number of bushels of wheat
per acre in the United States as Is.
France 20, Germany 80 and in provinces
such as SaXony and Pomerania from SO to
60. He continues.
This is not due to the abundance of chear
labor because labor is scarce and extensive
but to crop rotation, deep ploughing liberal
and scientific use of stable, commercial and
green fertilizers
Zone method not followed with rs which
increases the yield five to ten bushels TO tha
acre is cultivation between the rows of whea,
oats and barley. The seed bed is carefully
prepared. tsuaity /. Ia pluushsu ssyen
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

publicity drive for enrolling skilled me-
chanics. At any rate, every editor, aided
by thousands of "Four Minute" men, is
now a recruiting officer for shipbuilders
There is new call to the colors," says
The New York Tribune which has, for
months, been emphasizing the immediate
need of speeding up-"deeper, more
vital at this juncturc than any call to
arms That is the call for men to build
ships Surely it is an amazing
thing that in such an hour as this the
United States government should find it
difficult to get 100000 skilled mechanics
to work, at high wages, to build enough
tonnage to put our armies in France"
What can be done if organized effort
is directed to the task" says "The Pitts
burgh Dispatch" "gets an illustration in
the joyously worded message from Pa
citic Coast shipbuilding company to Chair
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

the steady membership gain made by affil-
iates to the American Federation of La
Dor for each year from 1881 up to and in
cluding 1917-thirty-s years.. The
membership at the close of the fiscal wear
1917 was 1871 ,434, an average increase
OF 298,732 members over last year. Ma
tional and international organizations are
required to pay only per capita tax upon
their full paid-up membership, and there
lore the membership reported does not in
clude all the members involved in strikes
and lockouts or those who were unem-
ployed during the fiscal year for whom tax
was not received. Seventy of the total
Ill national and international unions re-
ported that they did not pay the A. F. of
l.. on an average Of 289,846 members of
their combined local unions last year, be-
cause. they did not receive dues on that
number.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

under the new selcctive service regula-
tlons under winch the present classification
OF reglstrants is now progressing in very
specific terms in those regulations it is pro-
Vlded that skilled farm laborers essential to
the continued and undminished operation of
farms shall be deferred in Class g.
1T Is our present hope and belief that we
shall be able to raise all the forces in i'm
mediate prospect without invading any de-
ferred class, and, therefore, we can assume,
think that future drafts will not interfere
with your supply of skilled farm labor.
Il also had very prominently in mind the
advisablity of furoughing selected men dur
ing planting and harvesting TING, and to this
end the War Department. has asked of Con-
sress authority to grant such furloughs with
out pay, Whenever, in the opinion of the Sec
retary of War the military situation justi-
ties such a step"
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
T H OW the American Federation of
\ Labor has grown since it's origin

~
is interestingly described by
chart printed in it's official organ, "The
American Federation of Labor Weekly
News Letter." In 1881 the federation had
a membership of $4,000. According to the
latest figures there are now 2,371 ,434 men
and women holding cards in the organiza-
ton. This labor body, which is the larg
est in the country was organized at Co.
lumbus, Ohio, on the 9th of December.
1886, under the name it now bears.
Its object, as has been repeatedly as
serted, is the encouragement and forma
ton of local trades and labor unions and
the closer federation of such societies
through the organization of central trades
and labor unions in every state, and the
combination of such bodies into state, ter
rltorlal or provincial organizations for
the purpose Of securing general harmony
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
How to Make Eggs Go
Further

N IHE December Farm and Fireside I"
4 the national farm paper published at
Springfield, Ohio, writer says:
Eggs are high and likely to be higher. ON
account OF the price of gtain and labor
""'fe are many ways of economzing in the
use OF eggs and sttll having good food too
When breading fish, outlets, or any SINH
lar 1000 to be fried, try beating one egg
and adding two tablespoonfuls of cold wster
10 1t IN place of using two eggs, or set half
an egg aside and use one tablespoonful Of
water with the other half. Roll the ovstars
or Whatever is being prepared, in this and
a'p IN nour Or erumbs the Same q usual"
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

tear our hair just for the sake of attracting
attention.
we nave appealed to you seriously about
the TODD situation not because we like to de-
claim, but because the world food shortage is
dreadful thing
There is every indication that the wheat
less and meatless condition of Europe will bc
come more pronounced as the war continues
IF our own people in the cities are to be
led' the diminishing grain and meat supply
must be supplemented by more products
from the farm garden.
1t is always good business to grow enough
1rult and vegetables for our own use.
This year twill be more than business
II VIII be bounden duty.
1T VIII be a shame, almost "a crime. for
the farmer to puy any considerable share of
his fruits vegetables.
Let us raise enough for our own tables
during the summer and enough to can and
% s'ore Tor the winter, at least. Even if we
have no surplus to SELL let as not be found
buying from the worlds scanty store.
ut Is easy to make garden
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

field or the row, but not so with the women.
II, for instance, thirty feet of row remained
to be hoed when twelve or six o'clock came,
they finished the work"
Something of the herculean abors Of
the farmer to increase his output in 1917
will be understood from the statement
of the Mississippi Agricultural college,
published in "The Memphis Commercial
Appeal" and also something of the profit
he has reaped:
"Mississippi's farm products for market
produced in 1917 are double in value over
any previous year. In the following market
summary we take into consideration only !
the products put into commercial channels
Comparing the value of five of our leading
staples for 1916 and 1917 In case of corn
only estimates of the amounts changing
hands, and of livestock the amount handel.
by stockyards, packing houses and laHf :.
butchers are considered:
(ln round numbers only)
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Labor Jottinss

ABoR last week pledged its loyalty.
to the country. In more than A..
hundred cities, from coast to co.,.
demonstrations were held in which pov
ernors Of states, representative lah,.
leaders and public spirited men part;.;
pated.
The governments attempt to ern.. .
100000 skilled workmen in the sb;nr.ss
volunteer service, through state cour.a. !.
of defence, was met with enthusiasm = !,
laboring men. Offices in many cities us,
compelled to work until late into u.
night to enroll the large number of w.
who responded.
Testifying before the Senate Con-
merce Commission Samuel Gompers pres.
ident of the American Federation of T.
bor, argued for basic eight-four dav .,a
fixed wage scale in all goyernmen.
shipbuilding yards.
Between 1,400 and 1900 carner.o..
employed in five shipbuilding plants unde,
government control on Staten .Jslsnd
struck for higher wages. The men bav.
been receiving S4.88 for an eight,bou,
day, with extra pay for overtime. and .,o
demanding $3.50 for the same workn.
time.
The two thousand longshoremen vbo
struck for about one Gay on the Southern
Pacific steamship piers in this city ySted
10 return pending the disposi ition of the
question of increased pay by the Fedora,
Board Of Adjustment.
There are million and a half laborer.
in the United States now UNEMPLOYED
according to Samuel Gompers, in an an.
swer to what he called "a haphazard
claim of labor shortage" before the Sen.
ate Commerce Committee.
The streetcar men of ST. Louis, em.ss
ployed by the United Railways Company.
who have suspended work as protest
against the employment of women az
rates below the prevailing wages, have
been successful in obtaining their de.
mands.
Organized laundry wagon drivers in,
San Francisco have secured a two-ves,
union shop agreement which provides fu
wage increases and improved conditions
The carpenters new wage scale in San
Francisco is Sc for an eight-hour dar
Carpenters in the shipyards receive seS :.
a day. 4.
Pittsburgh public school teachers are j.
demanding higher wages and shorter
hours. j
Trade unionists in Birmingham, Ala. !.
are organizing negro workers into al
union and predict that they will establish \
the largest union of these workers in, 4
Alabama. 4
Brewery managers of Worcester, Mass,
have voluntarily raised wages of their 1
organized brewery workers 81 week. 4
Agitation by the Teamsters' and Chauf
feurs' Union for wage increases resulted 4
in the Team Owners Association volun.
tarily raising wages in Tacoma, Wash 4
A large number of organized bakery :;
plants in Cincinnati have voluntarily
raised wages So a week !.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

big garden, with wide variety of things to
eat green, things to store in the cellar
things to dry, things to can.
'he garden acre is the most profitable
acre on the farm always, and now, when
everything is so high, the garden is more
profitable and necessary than ever
The back lot gardeners in the citv will,
heip little to increase the food supply, but
the great burden will fall on the farmer.
EVERY man who owns land must devote
fair share of it to gardening.
"lf man has a million dollars with which
10 buy his supplies, that will not excuse him
from raising his share Of fruits and veee
tables on his own land"
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

IN addition to the above great increases
are shown in many other products, as fol-
lows: The value of poultry and egg ship
ments show a % per cent increase; shrun
(sorghum) was ten times greater in amount
with oo per cent increase in price; of lrlsh
potatoes 800 cars were shipped in 1917
against about 100 in 1916, with the average
value double. Peanuts increased in amount
more than 100 per cent, with rs per cent in
crease in price. There was some decrease IN
nay, but the increased values will over
balance this
Field peas are now selling S275 to So
oushel; corn, $i.50 to s16o bushel +. o. b.
loading station; hogs. from II to l5 cents,
hay from $40 to $50 a ton, and peanuts SLID
q bushel."
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Livery Editor Is Recruiting
- for Shipbuilders

The Importance of shipbuilding and
oddly enough, appears just to
have struck home in many editorial sane
tums. Probably the flood of editorial ap
peals for workers appearing during the
week was started by the Bureau of Public
information, which has led in the great
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

"February is not a bit too early to begin
planning for it-even to begin the actual
work.
Let's look over our store of seeds and
test what we have saved
Let's send for our seed catalogues and
nursery lists.
Lets pick out what we will need for q
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

plans to run larger farm than -.
year, to be worked by girls. There il az ss
campaign for the increased use Of a..
machinery, tractors, ETC., to increase n-s &
duction. But the fact of the labor sho..
age remains.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
man Hurley Of the United States Shipping

man Hurley Of the United States Shipping
Board:
"The builders inform the chairman that
March 10 they will launch three steel vessels
of 9,400 tons each, the keels Of which we're
laid October Is, October 20 and November
19 last, and make the claim that the build
ing of these ships in the time given awards
their yards record in marine construction
never cqualled."
Indeed, "The Cleveland News" bursts
into song, quoting from Longfellow:
"Thou, too, sail on o Ship Of State!
Sail on, o Union, strong and great!
Humanity with all it's fears,
With all the hopes of future years,
Is hanging breathless on thy fate"
That labor will need a little coaxing,
however, to swing readily into it's new
position is indicated in many ways. One
of these is the celebration of Labor
Loyalty Week. just finished. In New