davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-04-16
The Bonus and Lump-Sum Worker

essS 0VAub OA0 AO0AP.0UA WUIACIb.
!. Decision by the Senate committee on
appropriations to strike out the imita-
1ion in the legislative appropriation bill
NAsfsby the lump-sum employees Of the
government would be cut of from the
ealary bonus is most gratifying. It must
1Avs been an oversight to exclude them
&fom the benefits Of the $l2o advance.
There could be no justification for do
Ag -. The theory Of the bonus is that
ths cost Of living is 50 high that it is
11possib3e for the governments work
sss to make both ends meet upon their
psgu1ar salaries. This is true Of all,
whether they are paid from regular ap.
Sropfiations or lump sums.
The bonus itself is too small. For the
Deopls in the higher class it works out
b less than per cent, far less than
Nsesssary to bring the compensation to
the point Of actual need. Every consid-
sfation Of equity calls for q more lib.
sral scale Of pay in the government
psrvies. The Senate now has an oppor.
.tunity, In handling the bill, to advance
TIE rata Of the bopus, if not to advance
TIE whole pay scale, which needs ma
tsriaa readjustment, not merely on the
bonus basis, but a. q permanent con-
ylitioa.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
Secretary Bakers Return.

Secretary Bakers safe return to the
United States is today announced, with
the same lack of announcement of his
departure from Europe as marked his
start on the voyage abroad. 1t is high
ly reassuring to know that he has gone
and come in perfect safety. The won
drous German spy system has not avail
ed to mark his movements sufficiently
to permit an attack upon him while in
transit.
That Mr. Baker brings back with him
a broadened and q better view of con-
ditions in the fighting zone is assured.
He cannot fail to be more adequately
equipped for his heavy task in conse-
quence of his venture into the area of
the war. He knows how our men are
situated, how they are equipped, what
they need, and the part they are play
ing in the war.
In one respect Mr.. Bakers return jour
ney was premature. 1t would have been
more satisfactory if he could have been
on the ground during the German Of
fensive just where he was when that
occurred is not known, for mystery has
enveloped his movements for some
weeks. He was last definitely reported
as in Italy. Possibly he did, in fact,
catch glimpse Of the gigantic fight on
his way to take ship for home.
Safe as has been this round trip of
the Secretary Of War, it is not to be
recommended for our administrative Of
fciaas unless duty calls them overseas.
The hazards Of the voyage are unmis-
taxable. German submarines are still
operating, though less successfully
against merchantmen than for many
weeks. It is not necessary that many
Of our executive officers cross the At
lantic in order to understand the situa-
tion. But Mr.. Bakers trip is to be reck
oned as a most valuable one, and the
American war program cannot fail to
be speeded and stiffened in consequence
Of his experience.
Evening star., 1918-04-16

during the brief periods whom they are
allowed to 70 home to visit their fam
lilies. They cannot depend upon any
time Of their own. They are bound to
their apparatus practically every hour Of
the day, and in consequence they are
worked to the limit, however few may
be the alarms.
Higher efficiency has been found to
result from the two-platoon system in
all cities where it has been established.
The men are capable Of more valuable
work when they have the chance to live
normal lives. The fact that much Of
the time is spent in comparative idle
ness about the engine houses does not
lessen the strain under present condi-
tions. The additional cost Of the pro-
posed plan will be trifing compared
with the gain in effectiveness, and es-
pecially the possibility of retaining use
full men in service.
At present it is hard to get good men
to enter and remain in the service un-
der conditions that practically separate
them from their homes, and with Wash
ington growing as rapidly as it now is,
with an immense increase in the value
Of the property to be safeguarded, moth
ing should be permitted to stand in the
way of maintaining the high average
Of efficiency which, despite all handicaps,
poor pay and long hours. has been at
tanned by the local department. De-
pendence cannot be safely put in serv
ice loyalty while there is such heavy
call for workers in every line. Pass the
two platoon bill and put the Washing
ton fire department on the right basis!
Evening star., 1918-04-16

things requiring protection. He coop
| Grated with the republicans in their re-
visions Of the tariff, although his action
| subjected him to much criticism from
] the national leaders Of his party. But
1t met with warm approval at home. He
remained to the end Of his career the
strongest democrat in the Pelican state
Presumably, the successor OF Mr..
Broussard will hold similar tariff views.
Sugar is still power in Louisiana, and
still requires protection. In fact, as mat
ters appear to be shaping, 1t may require
more protection in future than It has
hitherto ever required or received.
When tho war closes-whether that be
soon or late-.the tariff will again be q
yery important and interesting issue.
We have always had it with us. It pro-
duced lively contentious before the civil
war, and since then it has figured con-
spicuously in all Of our national cam
paigns. The republicans have invaria-
bly, declared for protection, while the
democrats have been accounted, and
have often declared, in favor of tariff
for revenue only.
How, and to what extent, the war will
affect this issue is question. The tariff
cannot escape. As all other issues are
certain to be affected by the great world
upheaval, why not the tariff along with
the rest9
When peace is restored the demand
will be for greatly increased American
productions of all kinds. Our home
needs will be enormous, and in addition
will come the policy of eniarging our
foreign trade. We shall have mer-
chant marine; and with American bot
toms for Transporting American made
goods we shall enter the lists to COM
pete with the leading trading nations.
The stimulation of all home products,
therefore, will be essential to the reali-
zation of the national hope and purpose.
Where one blade of grass has hitherto
been growing, two must be coaxed into
existence. More sugar and more every
thing else will be required; and the gen
eral policy which shall result in such
productivity will insure the party adopt
ing and applying it a long lease of
power.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
A Patriotic Wheat Contribution.

Three Washington firms have given
the equivalent Of weeks bread ra-
tions for 100000 Of our aHies by sur
rendering to the food administration
four carloads Of wheat. This means that
their customers will get less wheat. This
is service, indeed. 1t brings directly
before the people Of Washington the
fact that there is not enough wheat at
present for both the people of the lands
allied with US in this war and ourselves.
We can use substitutes. They cannot.
If we eat the wheat they will not have
it. If they cannot get wheat they can
not keep up the fight. Therefore, every
bushel Of wheat that goes over, mean
ing one bushel less for our own use, is q
contribution to victory.
The example set by the three local
firms should be generally followed. Those
food cards hanging in the windows Of
the Washington houses should be made
to mean something definite and prac-
tical. They should mean scrupulous
economy in the use Of wheat -four, con-
scientious substitution Of other cereals,
patient acquiescence in the necessity Of
eating less dainty food and vigorous par
tisanship in urging all others to follow
the rules and to make the food-saving
campaign successful. If there is not a
very general observance Of the substi-
tuition rules this spring and summer
wheat supplies will be exhausted in the
United States before the new crop is
available Care now will prevent priva-
ton later.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
The Missouri Senatorship.

{ There are several reasons why the
name Of Champ Clark figures promi-
nently in speculation about the Mis-
souri, senatorship. (D He is the most
distinguished Missourian in public life.
90 He is an experienced legislator, who
would at once take high rank in the
Senate. (3) As a candidate he would
insure his party in the race the services
strength of wide personal popularity.
On the other hand, the question pre-
sents itself: Would his transfer to the
eenats make for greater usefulness on
Mr.. Clark's part, or advance his politi-
cal fcrtuness
The Speaker of the House has far
1sss power than he used to have, or
should have now. Still, he bulks con-
-siderably in national affairs; and the
eAice retains lure for men Of ability
and ambition. Mr.. Clark has made
reputation in the place, and served pub
lic interests well in it. As a senator he
would not have greater opportunity.
Mr.. Clark is still in the presidential
picture. If for any reason Mr.. Wilson
does not offer for another nomination
the democratic field will be open, with
Mr.. Clark q conspicuous, if not the fore
most, figure in it. He pocketed his dis
appointment at Baltimore six years ago
with dignity, and has since carried him
self 90 as to merit and secure admira-
tion. He is too sturdy fighter to So
6cit or care for sympathy.
The Senate is considered hoodoo. The
guperstitious contend that those who en-
ter that chamber leave all hope of the
White House behind. And they quote
numerous cases in both parties to sup
port their contention. Mr.. Clark must
Be aware of the warning. Will he care
% buck it,
In the past forty years only one man
11ociated with the Office of Speaker Of
The House has sought or obtained q seat
IN the Senate. John G. Carlisle made
the change from one chamber to the
other. but did not improve either his
public usefulness or his political for
tunes by the step. Samuel j. Randall
preferred the House, and remained there,
thuugh his chances Of transfer were
oever bright. Thomas B. Reed joked
lbout the Senate, and declared that the
House was the place for a man really
elivs. Mr.. Cannon has found the House
United to his taste and talents, and has
run long and distinguished course
M it.
While on the floor, in the thick Of the
melee, Nr. Clark was very much at home,
md carried of his share of the honors.
ae has what is called "the House way"
absut both his style of debate and his
Aansuverings in shindy.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
The Two-Platoon Bill.

J he House District commtttee's favor.
6bls rspoFt on the bill to establish the
ews-plakoon system for the District FIRE
0spastmsnt puts that bill In shape fol
eaxly eonsideration. II should bs passed
Srsaptly. For there was mover . more
ms measure than this, to put the force
Apoa which the capitals safety depend,
n . bssis Of efficiency and to give
tAs man who comprise it the benefit Of q
Gssszt interval Of rest. Under present
n1leisq9 the Assmsa Of Washington
- vi1tnIH - dusy tvsaty-9ou1 hsurl
= Dl0 QRssessa1Ml Ss-saa ~
Evening star., 1918-04-16
The War and tho Tariff.

The late Senator Brousssrd, although
. democrat in good standing, was Q pro-
tectionist. With him the tariff was a
local issue. Sugar, the leading staple Of
Louisiana, colored his views. Al that
needed protection, he voted for protec.
tion.
Such also was the attitude Of the late
Senator MsEnsry Of the same state
When IN Congress hs voted for protss.
t3c1, ~ N1y - sugss. ~ - e<Ass
Evening star., 1918-04-16

The Turks should watch Bernstorff
closely. BY this time he has probably
planted system Of propaganda looking
to the complete Prussianization Of Mos
lem affairs.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
SHOOTING STARS.
By PH1LANDER JOHNSON.
Temptation.

Temptation.
"Are you going to raise lettuce in your
garden"
II don't know" replied Mr.. Crosslots.
"If get whole lot of lettuce on hand
the women folks may keep the family
poor buying the ingredients for mayon-
naise dressing"
Evening star., 1918-04-16
Tho National Game.

That pennant wasn't ours Last year
Nor yet the year before,
And back Of that the luck went queer
And didn't let us score;
But bygones should forgotten be.
Hark to the glad refrain,
With no one singing of the key,
"We're Going to Try Againl"
Once more the band has played 20 sweet
Once more the mighty crowd
has hailed the triumph or defeat
OF gladiators proud.
And win or lose from day to day
They'll strive with might and main,
And teach ~ all In sport or fray
- " sl6 ~ aoli1s
Evening star., 1918-04-16
Crops.

In gentle spring no more We sing
A song Of flowers sweet.
Tho questioning which now we bring
Is, "How about the wheatf"
Evening star., 1918-04-16

The response to the liberty loan call
stamps the war against Prussia as the
war Of the American people. Tho mo-
mentum Of public sentiment is behind it.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
Impervious.

"The language you use to that mulc
is perfectly shocking"
"Yes," replied the driver. Tt seems
to get rise out Of everybody but the
mule"
Evening star., 1918-04-16

Washington's base ball club proceeded
Immediately to dodge the hoodoo sup
posed to attend too much success at the
beginning of the season.
Evening star., 1918-04-16

It might be fortunate il the fighting
could be stopped to enable Clemenceau
and Czernin to hold q controversy.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
A Determination.

Everybody admires good loser"
"Yes," replied Miss Cayenne. "But no.
body envics him."
Evening star., 1918-04-16

Charles of Austria may as well face
khe possibility that Wilhelm Of Ger
many win decide on program contem.
blaking only one emperor in Europe.
Evening star., 1918-04-16

Villa has sunk into strange obscurity
for Q man who was once considered
worth $50, 1000, dead or alive.
Evening star., 1918-04-16

aKultur" has made the high cost of
living seem insignificant compared to
the high cost Of massacre.
Evening star., 1918-04-16

A seventy-mile gun is admittedly an
object Of great interest. But it does
not necessarily win victories.
Evening star., 1918-04-16
Flights.

"You don't mention the American
Eagle as much as you used TO-"
mo-" replied Senator Sorghum. "The
grand old bird can take care Of himself
for awhile. What I'm talking about
now is flying machines"
Evening star., 1918-04-16

!. The D. A. B.. expresses sentiments Of
patriotism worthy Of the organiza-
tioaS title.
Evening star., 1918-04-16

In the British Isles just now the ques-
tisa Of homo defense is more important
than that Of homo rule.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-04

! If colleges and universities should be
crippled and devitalized, the resultant
loss would he greater than the loss OF
a campaign. for learning must live.
and we who direct its work must take
I care that It lives Therefore, let us
all hold in mind that the University
OF Virginia will open at the usual
time in September and continue its
regular work. with calm and stead
I fast purpose 10 do its duty by the
young men who gather in it's walls, to
the end that they may be made fit for
citizenship alike during the storm OF
war If unhappily II should long en-
dure. and for the greater tasks OF re-
&C Tustment and reconstruction which
peace will so surely bring
There is need of hard work, senst
bile economy, and simpler living, but
these are in themselves noble dis
ciplines. and the result. dare say,
viii he fuller and happier lives. Some
young men under military age-eYen
high school students--are being
tempted to abandon their school or
college careers to accept what appear
Ia them to be very allurinE CONNER
rial positions positions which are
always open to intelligent youths in
time of war. but which are necessarily
Of temporary Duration without adc~
quate future promise A bright young
man. who abandons his chance OF OBJ
tanning high efficiency in preparation
for the great and almost unlimited
opportunities which viii surely offer
themselves after the war, ia not unlike
that one who sold his birthright for a
mess OF pottage. The Uniyersity of
Virginia and its sister colleges have
given freely OF their young life for the
trenches the camps, the navy, and
The air, but we must not lose our
heads and fail to remember that
civilization is in a deep crater. that
intellect and character must pull 1t
out, and that the college is the train
ing ground for intellect and character.
The secretary of war realizes the
menace to the nation of the unneces-
sary depopulation OF the colleges and
universities, and in part to check IL
and in part to develop into n military
asset the large body of young men
in such institutions. he has decided
to provide for this university and
other similar institutions military in
struction under officers and non-com-
missioned officers Of the army. The
equipment viii he provided by the
government The training unit We
have had more than year, but 1t
now becomes war department mat
ter. Enlistment will be voluntary, but
all students over eighteen will be en-
couraEed to enlist; and each member
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-04

! OF the unit when so enlisted Will be a
member of the army of the United
States but not called to active duty
until he has reached the age of
twenty one. In this way enlistment
does not take away the young mans
educational opportunity and remain
ing in college does not lose him his
chance OF enlistment and opportunity
of winning a definite status in the mill
itary service This wise plan will ac-
complish Secretary Bakers aim to
prevent unnecessary and wasteful de-
pletion of the colleges through in
discriminate volunteering by offering
to the students a definite and i'm
mediate military status. Students
under eighteen are not eligible for en-
Iistment but they have their oppor-
tunity to enroll In the University's
training unit, which is also part OF
the plan of the war department
Those who do not graduate this
spring the secretary advises. Should
be urged to continue their education
and take advantage of this oppor-
tunity to serve the nation
The session Of 1851 ranks AS
the record session of the university
measured by attendance and accom-
plishment. That of 19171S. just
closed, in the matter of attendance,
lost about 35 per cent, compared with
the previous session. There was
consequent loss in revenue, but in
other respects the usual standards
were maintained. To enable young
men to come to the university the
necessary expenses for fees and living
are low. The range for Virginia
students In from $24b to $500 in the
college and graduate department;
$500 to s565 In law and medicine. and
s330 to s4s5 in engineering. For
students from other states the cost
In the academic and engineering
schools is somewhat hfgher-sone-
thing like $40 month. Otherwise
the difference between the lowest ana
highest figure is the difference OF ex-
penditure for board, lodging. BOOKS
and laundry. which, in the main IS
the difference In the scale OF living.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-04

tunttv and the privilege Of equipping
themselves. whether in scientific prep
aration or military science for reno
ertnc the most skilfui and eFectiFe
service that the republic may de-
mand."
Registration for the reserve officers
training corps began April ---tw"
DAYS before war was declared-and
drilling began three DAYS after the
declaration No university has moro
prom pity turned its academic spaces
into training camps ard It's lAoora-
tories into research units for war
purposes Military training was put
into It's curriculum. and eighty per
cent Of its students elected TO enter
the reserve officers training corps
The university classified its resources
of men and equipment, offered war
courses OF instruction organized, ard,
aided by the Benevolent Protective
Order Of Elks equipped great base
hospital unit at cost Of approximate
ly $4,000 Its faculty Hndereradn-
ates and alumni have. 10 the measure
OF % per cent OF their total joined
the colors or are distributed among
the bureaus Of civil administration or
scientific research which the war has
organized The prompt service Of
this institution. and the efficiency Of
it, are convincing evidence OF the
value Of work which was som etimes
thought of as visionary and imprae-
tea bic
Military Courses Offered
In order that young men not yet
old enough for military service might
prepare themselves as thoroughly n
possible to serve their country with
the highest efficiency when they be
come eligible the university is givint
courses which TT for the army AM
navy, including, OF course. the nyin
service. Some OF the courses are:
! Military science and tactics--th
course OF training prescribed for in
fantry units OF the senior division o
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-04
Seventeen Hum Machines Destroyed

London, Aug. .-Seventeen Germ an
machines were destroyed by the Bit
lsh yesterday when six enemy hangers
were set AAre by bombs dropped from
raiding machines. Seventeen other
German machines and captive naliooh
were brought down, the British IoslhE
only two machines Thlrty-iouF t"u9
Of bombs were dropped on various
German targets. including two aero
dromes"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-04


the reserve ofncers training corps by
general orders ~ war department
2 Field astronomy navigation
reconnaissance surveying
iiahe SUI NeH'"s; 'oposla pi''t C
" 'I's wa
n anu ','.. .o,a~,.o,,, .,,.-.,...
49,, ,,.ts.
anu T,k,'a'i''s - 80
,,,.,arro7cr-1.
t1i,,-,.'...r,-,.
.o,s-i+!f,a or~.;,. ,rs,,s,~ia1
E,r,g,r,. timber. nrese,-,., = n
~ ="
Ir.....,, 4~~o-,-h
.r, ...
80, -. -tra.r,,,r,
.,', 80. e. .-,,,. '''s
anu anu i,a r ,-..-,..
housed in encr5.r,. constructed shops
sr5 e,raf-,e i .,r5ott7er feature Of war
service win the definite task of pre-
n8rf0r 500 enlisted men as chauf-
fr,Ire avd trluE driver. The present
.ttrfa IS under the ~niGlncc nr
faculty. Of fl#-r... four Tn. lectures.
on the alI;araf.fe fFrItinn and drjv-
ING take r.aea Tn ssahnd,. hail and
tho new chemical laboratory. the
drilling a., Tarn%cr, fa3d and tho golf
links The social and erirftu;l in
forests ~ The mon an. looked after
h,. "a. y NJ O. ao.4 those attached
"a me .tost,ae, h,,,ss
~, ,,i ''.' - % ~, ~, ~ at.
"''''s'1 "'Sp'''' - - ii''''
'g1lpp'7' aEtn'y LOT me Ieh.'o''s a'lo"
- W0fh-HxN h s'oLoii1l' UNITS OF pro
"uN''o'r - i'''ai's an" MAKES VNe'
mn aHo women "hoh oisease mas
"t'Iia' WI from mo Ptodu ctINe luttts
81 me commonwealth ana SENDS thefh
pAch 20 thelr TASKS Annually more
I man %'VoV patents from all parts OF
Virginia are treated there' IT sen as
lecturers 70 pubic schools TO explain
the principles or puolc ana personal
"Ss'~het a8S1sts IN uIaghoslA, ana IN
o'heF ways renders h'ehiy valuable
service
May Abolish Vacations.
There IL at present strongly sup
rorted movement to speed m the
medical course by virtually abolish
ing the summer vacation for all classes
50 that mon may he graduated in
three years instead Of four This has
had and stHf has the careful CON
s.daratian Of tho medical faru1ty hut
II ia not tho,t~ht v{oa 70 r,,a}yc ,r,.
change in tho schedule of second and
third wear classes AZ lcaet for the
coming session
President ErgIoSton declares thar
III cannot he TOO often or tao en-
rbattrafIv or too rorsIsto,tl,s said
thar n mo corrarey ana nni,.crsttiae
~ th4a country ..,era ofoe,d dt,r,rr. ~ -
naxt half 5ozon ,oare +ho ,ogs ~ 40
country in enlcionrv in leadershin.