davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25
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iict, but after he matter was thor
oughiy considered ny scientific expe-
rieuce IT was felt that as an effective
instrument OF warfare the super
Gum was a fake. and that It's only
purpose was 10 occasionally throw a
sheA into u city al long range, and
possibly XIII few innocent men
Women and children Al present II Is
ma My speculative. but there have
been such marvellous developments In
gun warfare that this great Gun"
may b. the forcrunner Of more won
dorful artillery achievements In this
not distant future
Air Service.
I Aeronautics have greatly aided the
artillery IN hitting the target by locat-
ing the position OF The enemies guns
: ~, men When the enemy Is d.seep-
cred tho alrman drops a signal. and
the Gunners at once get busy. The
airmen make photographs OF tho
enemy's lines. and maps are made
from these dividing the country into
squares representing a certain num-
Der Of miles with each target marked.
These machines are well named the
Ewes OF the Army"
Gun hospitals are established flss
back OF tho lines for the big machines
are delicate IN their makeup. and are
frequently made Ill by overwork
When such is the case the gun isI
taken to one OF these hospitals and re-
paired by skilled gun makers. who
are enlisted Just as any other soldier /
Unless the gun is badly broken these
men have II back in line in a short
time. They also repair guns captured
from the Germans. and turn them
back a, the Huns The work done at
these gun hospitals speaks volumes
for the efficiency of the mobile ord.
nance shops
Thousands of guns OF all sizes are
in action each day on the battlefieldS
So the war goes on, each country
striving to Guido the others weaponsi
to kill ones fellow-man
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25

They would show the Boche that the
Chasseur Alpins can he killed but
never defeated
Lonely graves on both sides of the
line bear witness to the fact that they
have succeeded. The banner OF the
Corps has never trailed in the DUST.
whether borne by amateur or profes.
sional soldier.
Hate Christening"
One more distinction won by Blue
Devil' and Devil Dog" alike is their
nickna mes. For II Is esteemed a grea,
honor over there for any organization
30 be singled out for special hate
christening" by the Hun. Only three
units IN al tho Allied command have
thus, far gained this niche In the Hail
of Fame
The Highland ktlties come first.
dubbed the ladies of He'll" by de-
moralized Fritz as he fed before their
Wild onslaught. Then come the Blue
Devils" of France. And, finally. the
Devil Dogs" or "Teutelhunden" OF
America
"oh yes" remarked Marine over
there, auent this subject, We're last,
hut''--this with the mo9esty so char
acteristir Of the Soldier Of the Sea-
YOU see they got here ahead OF Us
That's the only reason"
Yes, to look al them one would
think there could be no greater con-
trasr than between the big. raw.boned
Marine. in his forestry ereen or faded
khaki. topped by the slouehy cam
paigh hat, and the sturdy little Chss-
seur Alpin. all in blue ana wearing
his Jaunty tam-o -shanter, but those
are only externals after ali. and time
Will add to The proof already offered
that they matter very little. :
Possibly Kpling might express /,
something like this--so much OF his
writing has been murdered that he
could hardly mind one more homicide
or SO:
When Il comes 10 a fight or o lob
They're as Ike as row Of pins.
Blue Devils OF France ard e.
Marines
AZ brethren under 'heir skins"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25
An Ancient Organization

The Chasseurs are old, centuries
older than the Marines, as an organ
ization, but as individuals they have
become soldiers only since the begin
ming of the present war. just as in
the case of the majority of the men In
our Marine Corps.
When the Germans first began their
fierce onslaught In 1914. 1t was natural
that the Chasseurs Alptns, typtfy.ng.
as they did, the finest traditions of the
French service, should bear the hrunt
of much OF the heaviest fighting. II
was their right.
And they lived up TO their tradi-
lions. Outnumbered time after time,
they always held their ground and
exacted heavy toll f,thc Hun. II was
then they earned their title. blue
Devils" The Germans could not IN
derstand how ono mortal man could
hold his own against ten. and they
became possessed of "A superstitious
fear Of the sturdy little fighters
No lighting organization In the his
tory OF She world ever made a moro
splendid showing than did the Blue
Devils" In those early days Of the war
They fought and died, and still fought
But no man that Is born Of woman
can endure that pace forever The
first great German menace had only
Just been stilled when & became
known that the ChasSeurs AIrins were
no more. They had fallen iChtlnr
70 q man. Theirs had been great
victory. and they had paid the maxi
mum price
Killed But Not Defeated
But artistic. emotional France could
not let the Corps die out. Through
city,. town. hamlet and countryside
the sad news was spread, and from
'hc four corners Of the land Sprans
forth. to fiji the ranks. tbs pick Of
the men that were left, Athletes they
were, for the most part. from every
walk of life; college spou smen. art
lists NJ the savate. boxers OF high and
lesser degree. and the ike-mon Of
every station. YES. but welded into
one, WITH the great impulse Of uphold.
ms the tradition OF tho proud Corps
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25

mechanism must be similarly minute.
~ busted and rubbed
The loading of the big gun looks
Ike an easy task. and it is when the
proper apparatus Is AT hand and dur,
ing action shots arc hurled rapidly
In loading The enormous howltzers a
chain with puiley above rs used to
hois, the giant shell 20 slide behind
The gun. from which It is Inserted
INTO the hreech Whenever 1t Is pog
sihle tho big guns position is canon
1aEed by trees ar painted canvas. or
in pits covered with tree branches.
Terrific Noise
The noise made when these giant
guns are in action is terrific. and the
conclusion fairly shakes the earth
Air conclusion, particularly in close
proximity ta- artillery during action,
Il a constant. source Of trouble. as well
as OF possible permanent injury TO
inner ear organs OF Funners The re
Nerheration OF the firing. more espc-
cialiy when guns are closely massed.
and the din of the continued crash Of
bursting shells overhead are so great
Ing from violent explosions SO severe
that the mems cars may run with
blood, All the time the firing is going
on they have 10 be constantly warned
to keep their mouths open, specific
found TO answer in preventing perma-
nent injury to the drums OF the ear
She'll shock from merely the passing
Of she'll will frequently cause blind
ness. The only living thing not az
fected by the sound OF gun fire are
Stree. VINO Will raise Il brood near
big gun, complacently unmindfu! of
The terrible noise
The Germans surprised the world
not little by the Super Gun" wnica
aombarded Paris from a distance OF
seventy miles There has been much
speculation as TO the means used to
accomplish such a feat. At hrst II
was feared by some that it would be
productive of great results in the con.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25
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one shot short, and one over the tar
get The right range is obviously be
tween the two, and Is known as a
brackets" Whom this is obtained The
work of destruction beg as, md word
IS sent BY he observers as to iie hits
II must be remembered th,t no shot
travels IN Il straight line aftat it leaves
the muzzle OF the gun. for gravity Is
always at work paHing the she'll to-
ward the earth, and its path is, there
fore curve, Ii follows that if he
gun were pointed straight at the tar
get the shot would hit The ground he
fore it reached its mark, except. per
haps, a very short ranges, therefore
The muzzle has to be elevated to such
q degree that the curve described by
the shot may pass through the object
aimed AT,
Advantage Is taken OF any let.up in
firing directly at the enemy. 70 ascer.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25

H EARS AGO, before The Beast Of
" Berlin was recognized as u
world menace, before war and
~ misery staiked upon the face OF
the earth; before, even, the world be-
iieved that such conditions AS obtain
.oday could exist. those lines were
renned. Yet they apply 10 ore phase
of the great war even moe ap'ly
than they do to the situation for which
Kipl3ne wrote them.
Fer. had he written them but yes.
terday. kipl!ng could have found no
words TO describe better the epcchal
meeting OF those two crack" bodies
of nghting men--the Blue Devils'' Of
France, and the Marines OF the United
States. or Devil Dogs as they were
dubbed by the rueful Boche after his
first encounter with them
Nowhere on earth could there have
been found two bodies Of men SO
alike In traditions, training and
stamina. Always ready could be
applied alike to the Soldiers Of the
Sea. who guarded the vast ocean Dor
ders of the Great Republic OF the
New World. and 20 the Chasseurs
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25

| GtGUfeBtr.
| @VER SINCE the war began
scenes az destruction havc.fcrua-
ed much Of the pictorial matter
/ - OF The news. The tna9orttv nf
this destruction has been caused bv
Ithe DIE guns which. hy It few shots.
lceVasfate towns and make orators IN
t'he earth which would require weeks
TO dig. Often one shell viii make .
Mole seventy-hve 70 ono hundred feet
IN circumference, Rcadways are Dc
l6troyed and amhulances hlled wltb
~'unoed soldiers fan into Tho shell
cra'ers, ending the sives OF the helm
Hess men, Whole companies Of men
have been wiped off the earth by
Aingse shot from the giant man killers
/ Gett!ng these machines into action
requires brain and brs WI, fer Tho
Earger ones must he moved on their
own tracks. and when placed in pos.
Ifion sway from these tracks they
IN st have solid foundation. one OF
coneFete being preferable
Complete Railroad system
1 The battle line Of tho western fran,
extends for more than one hundred
- A~+-e ANU anu rance nave
fhe Whole line pretty weN covered
with Big guns. which run On heir
,,own tracks. The gun railway system
~ so arranged that spurs 10 The
tracks can be built a. short notice
when guns must be moved forward or
backward. So great IS the shell ca
pacity Of these big machines @hat g.
Eequ,res twenty-five iorries per day TO
Keep them IN ammunition
At other points guns must be set up
On oases. and these are az.ern 1tc,i ~
the spot, being brought in sections
u was no easy task 10 bring them
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25
Copyright. 1915. 4be

For there IS neither race nor creed.
Border. nor breed, nor birth,
when TWO strong man stand face TO
face,
Tho they come from the ends ri
The earth"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25

e.e.h has cap1u rod Fritz.
Everyone in this country knows how
he sturdy little t'renchmen have wor
he affection of America since first
they came TO these shores, Never
have foreign soldiers met with such
wild acclaim.
II Vas a very great lady indeed
vou know, who told the lieutenant ir
charge of the Chasseurs. when they
v1vero at our national capital:
1T is a very lucky thing, Mon
sieur, that so few of your men
speak English. For, were 1t other
wise they could never hoas. that
they had never surrendered.
They have sproved thar they could
not he downed by The hun, but II
they were able to talk the same
Ianeu Aee am sure every one OF
them would find himself forced
% capitujatc Ia an American
ptrl
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25
H0CC@@s c3[2C2E u
LEe HLZr2
How These Great
Weapons Are Han
died On the Battle
Front

Copyright 1913, BY TIE international
syndicate
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-09-25
Devil Dogs of France Give Our Devil Dogs Then
Final War Training and Show Many New
Tricks * They BecomeF asst Friends

Ne IuttruatlouaI syndicate
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Many Londoners Hunt
Sunday Roast in Vain

LONDON, Jan. 26.-The Londoner,s
hunt Tor his weekend roast brought
less in the way of results TODAY than
last week. Supplies were so small that
the gates of the Smitheld market we're
closed before noo:, Hundreds Of d;s-
appointed suburbanites who were un-
able to purchase meat or poultry at
nome Journeyed to the Smithfield mar
ket, but were turned away empty
handed.
Lines formed as early as O'Clock
this morning in some Of the suburbs
notwithstanding the notices of butch,
crs that they had no meat on hand
Butchers near the munitions areas
who were believed to be better supplied
declined to supply customers coming
IN from other districts, with the result
that there was good deal of friction.
Canned goods and the cheaper kinds
of fish were snapped up eagerly. Other
disappointed buyers had to be content
with less appetizng substitutes.
The demonstration of munition work
crs at Manchester, arranged to impress
on the authorities there the need Of an
equal distribution of food. was carried
out to-day on a much smaller scale
than its promoters had expected. In
stead Of 100000 persons in the process
sion only 5000 participated, while the
stores disregarded the request to close.
The Mayor Of Manchester explained
to a deputation that everything pos
sible was being done to improve the
situation and that there was no cause
for agitation.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Spy Tale Is True,
Thompson Insists,
After Grilling

I. 5. Thompson, member of the ex-
ecutlve committee of the American De-
fence Society, was questioned for four
hours yesterday by Assistant United
States Attorney John c. Knox, and
emerged from the grilling still defiant
ly maintaining the truth of his state
inents that fourteen German spies had
been shot in this country and that two
ships, loaded with 100000 rounds of
small-arm ammunition for Germany.
had cleared from this port for Copen-
hagen.
Mr.. Thompson also told reporters
that there was leak" in the Depart
ment of Justice investigating DEPART
ment, so that i'll one instance he knew
six days in advance of a certain action
the Federal officials would take.
Mr.. Thompson refused to tell the au
thorltles who examined him yesterday
the source of his information, and Mr..
Knox is said to have threatened to sum
mon him before a Federal Crane jury
within a few days.
When Mr.. Thompson reached the
Federal Building in the morning he was
taken before Mr.. Knox, another official
of the American Defence Society:
George f. Lamb, Deputy Collector of
the Port; superintendent William A.
Otfiey, of the Department Of Justice,
and representative of the Naval In
telligence Service.
Mr.. Knox said, after the first mart of
the interrogation:
ut developed that there was no foun-
dation in fact for the statement con-
tanned IN Mr.. Thompson's letter; that,
as matter OF fact, no steamers have
left TINS port carrying ammunition
which by any chance could reach the
German government, that no steamers
have left New York for Copenhagen or
any other neutral European port carry
ing ammunition either for the German
or any other government around the
period mentioned in Mr.. Thompson's
letter, that the government has at all
times been aware of the possible foun-
datlon for the assertions made in the
letter and there is no foundation in
fact for any suggestion or intimation
that any ammunition manufactured in
the United States since the entry of
this country into the war was intended
for the German government or could
have reached it.
"Mr. Thompson admitted that the ba-
sis for his assertions in the letter in
question was an unconfrmed rumor
which reached him through some per-
son who had been in communication
with him."
Mr.. Thompson later was shown Mr.
knoX's statement. He took exception
strenuously to Mr.. Knox's characterza-
tlon of his news sources as "uncon-
tirmed rumor," but refused point blank,
he said, to reveal his informants.
MIR. Knox asked me four times for
their names,' Thompson asserted. 81
told him that in one case my informa-
ton came from Il man in whom | had
the utmost confidence, and who had re-
ceived his information from one who
was in the confidence Of the first man
in the land-thc President of the
United States"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
New Allied Board
Gets Paris Office

PARIS, Jan. 26.--Oscar T. Crosby,
President OF the Inter-Alled Council
on War Purchases and Finance and AS
slstant Secretary Of the United States
treasury, opened the Paris Offices of
the council to-day, in the former resi-
dence Of Talleyrand, lately occupied by
the Rothschild family. Other offices
Tor the council! are being prepared in
London. MIR. Crosby's room in the
farls mansion is the one once occupied
by ialleyrand as study. For MIR.
Crosby's use the French government
has directed the transfer Of the desk
of Napoleon l from one of the state
collections.
The council will meet once or twice
monthly, either in Paris or London, to
consider proposals for purchases by the
Allied governments Of supplies in the
United States and in neutral countries.
Meanwhile, experts on the councils
stall will make u study of these pro-
posals, with view to cxpending the
funds supplied by the United States to
the maximum advantage
The object is to realize the aims Of
Secretary Of the Treasury McAdoo that
each country, in approaching the Unit
ed States Treasury, shall consider the
needs of other countries as we'll as it's
own. this practice to replace the max
ing of independent, almost competitive,
requests.
The operations Of the Allies in neu-
trail countries are to be treated similar
~. The special interest of the United
States in this matter arises from the
fact that much of the sterling exchange
offered in New York, the support Of
which has been by means of Treasury
funds, represents the buyings of the
Allies in neutral countries.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Admiral Bowles
Named to Speed Up
Ship Construction
l.Staf Correspondence

WASHINGTON, Jan. 26. - Chaotic
conditions, which threaten to impede
the progress of steel ship construction
at the Hog Island fabricating plant of
the American international Corpora
ton, to-day caused the establishment
Of special branch Of the Emergency
Fleet Corporation organization in Phil
adelphia, with Rear Admiral Francis
r. Bowles in charge. The assignment
Of Admiral Bowles to the Philadelphia
post. it was stated. was promotion in
recognition of his excellent work dur
ing the last few months. He will have
the title Of assistant general manager
Of the Emergency Fleet Corporation.
The situation at the Hog Island
plant, it was stated, has been The cause
of much apprehension for the last two
weeks. Reports Of bad conditions at
the yard led last week to special visits
by Chairman Hurley of the Shipping
Board and General Manager Piez of
the Fleet Corporation. Their inspection
disclosed congestion at the yard, both
The yard was found to be cluttered
with materials which were interfering
with the orderly progress of construc-
ton; there was an over-supply Of
labor, shortage of foremen and a
programme of yard extension consid-
cred too ambitious for the known avail
able supply of steel.
In consequence Chairman Hurley,
following conferences with members Of
the Senate Commerce Committee and
the House Merchant Marine and Fish
cries Committee, decided to send Ad-
miral Bowles to Philadelphia to
straighten out the tangle.
The first step taken to improve con-
ditions at the Hog Island yard will be
the reduction of the ways under con-
struction from fifty to thirty-two. In
announcing the establishment of the
!. Philadelphia administrative Office to-
day the Shipping Board issued the fol-
lowing statements:
"ln furtherance of the policy Of
speeding up shipbuilding, Admiral
Bowles. as assistant general manager of
the Emergency Fleet Corporation, will
make his headquarters in Philadelphia,
and will there take direct personal
charge OF the large shipbuildng plant
now under construction at Hog Island,
as we'll as of the two other government
yards at Newark, N. j.. and Bristol,
Penn"
Regarding the appointment of Ad-
rliral Bowles, Chairman Hurley said:
"Admiral Bowles was the unanimous
choice of the officials of the Emergency
Fleet Corporation to take hold of the
situation at Hog Island and the other
individual yards.
"As the former president Of the Fore
River Shpbuilding Company, as a naval
constructor and as an official of the
Emergency Fleet Corporation he has
demonstrated his ability to get results.
Radical revision of certain conditions
VIII have to be made, and Admiral
bo"les is fully equipped to get the re-
suits We want"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Loaded Munition Ship
Takes Fire at Dock

AN ATLANTIC PORT, Jan. 26-
Loaded with war supplies for the Ital-
ian army, some of them highly inf1am-
mable, 10,000-ton American munition
steamship. armed fore and 1T and max
ing ready to sail, caught ire shortly
before 2 o'clock this afternoon while
tied up at her pier.
Among the cargo are several hundred
barrels of glycerine and benzine, tons
of tar paper, army blankets and other
supplies. Two Italian army officers
were on board when the fire broke out
forward among rolls of tar paper.
Fireboats deluged the big ship, and
more damage was done by water than
by fire. The loss is not yet computed,
but will be heavy
The fire was kept from the inf1am-
mablc and explosive portions of the
cargo. The fire was discovered by
workmen. The naval gun crew at once
shut off portions of the cargo and aided
the crew in subduing the fire.
United States officers are tonight in
vestigating the cause. If incendiary
the ship must have been fired by some
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Hurley Orders Guards
At Shipyards Doubled;
Plans His Owy7 Army
[Staf Co7respondcnce]

WASHINGTON, Jan. 26. - The dis
astrous fire in the shipbuilding plant
of the Submarine Boat Company, on
Newark Bay, to-day caused Chairman
Hurley to order all guards at ship
yards doubled. At the same time the
chairman of the Shipping Board began
plans for a special guard for plants
doing government work. The Shipping
Boards patrol will wear distinctive
uniform, it was stated to-day, and will
be equipped with rifles.
The decision to organize a special
force to guard the shipyards followed
conference to-day between Chairman
Hurley and General Biddle, acting
chief of staff. at which Mr.. Hurley was
informed that it was impracticable for
the War Department to assign a suffi-
cient number of military units to guard
the yards without serious interference
with more important military consid
erationS
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
New Income Tax Nets
State $15,OOO,O 900
Last Six Months of Fiscal
Year Show a Big
Increase

ALBANY, Jan. 26.-The new 3 per
cent income tax, effective January J.,
which has already nettcd the state ap-
proXimatc'y S15,000,o00, furnishes the
latest and most striking proof Of the
prevailing prosperity of corporate en-
terprises to be reflected in the revcn-
ues derived from indirect taxation.
During the first half of the present
fiscal year, which ended recently, there
was considerable increase over the
preceding six months in several items
of receipts which are affected by bust
ness Conditions
The taxes received by the state from
earnings of corporations. during the
last SIX months amounted to S7,611.-
2oo.34, which is the largest amount ever