davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
Teutons Sign Peace Treaty Sunday and
Next Day Attack Russians From
the Sky.
HOLY WAR IS TO Be PROCLAIMED
Moscow Council of Workmen, Peasants, Sol-
diers and Cossacks Will Not Ratify
German Peace Pact.

-.~a m. white ..rd renrssan4
conservative interests who care nttls
for real democracy and who want
tho Germans 60 have control Of tho
Petrograd government, bsaAuSe mon
ey making might then start up again.
The white guard with NJ N0ite
flag, symDohze q TO
action Inc ieaders Oh ~ WMe
guard nave 'oeen oenoal1oo ~ ne
narh. 1ley aon s 49,. .r - I9- ~ Sn n,hen
o. nran.ned 70 scnnt a rartly nal
siad danorrany Ia evadS further tror.
hla to fhennesaveG.
Fortunata,y for the css,ee of world
dannc,racy there aue 4n Hxssia the
red guard, WHO ere not Gathering and
who Win ooe tho Us~oautton through
Essreds" any longer. America ought
to know thaxn N the red guard OF
democracy.
Future Oeperds On AMsrtoa.
SAN FRANCISCo, March b.-Ine
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
.rran Trenches Given Bath of Bullets
During Heavy Snow Storm, by
Yankee Guns.
|NIlD|NG Up DEFENSIVE SYSTEM
|eutons Have Been Busy for Months Pre-
pairing for Retreat if it is
Required.

Zone of habitual combat" replaces
the old first line trenches.
The first line of the zone OF
habitual combat consist most often
of a single trench. The troops even
take up their positions in the shell
holes in front Of this trench. These
she'll holes are stocked not only with
munitions, but with food and water.
Often this first line is held by only
a few soldiers. Instead Of sacrificing
thousands OF men, holding a rigid
line of trenches, Field Marshal Hin
denburg now prefers to save his men
by permitting them to fall back 10
the zone of grand comDats.
The German defensive organization
and troops, instead OF being concen-
trated now on the front line, are
spread out indefinitely to the rear.
ward. II the front now gives way al
any time, ever increasing defensive
organizations and troops are founo
to the rear. :.
In these zones Of grand comoats
the defensive organizations for tne
infantry consist Of trench after
trench. All of these are supported
bv numerous defensive positions, such
as concrete forts, fortified hill, olock
houses, machine gun nests. great
underground caves and forests.
After them comes the great zone
NJ battle" where, when the allied
armies get through the first ana
second zones, they must give open
battle.
Here. too, the Germans have en-
daavored to prepare everything in ad-
vance so that even in open compat'
thew will have the advantage
This is the defensive system which
the Germans have built, at the same 9
time announcing their 1ntentlon OIL
ending the war by great oHensiVe.
The system is tacit acknowledge
ment of the superiority or the aliieu
armies and betokens an appreciation
that Germany must end the war OH
tha defensive. not on the offensive.
Trench Fever Investigation.
PARIS. March 5.-Sixty enlisted
mon of the United States sanitary
corps are undergoing the dangers OF
tranch fever. self imposed. in scien-
+i7c Investigation by the Red Cross
70 determine the cause of this dis
pQ which Is lHS 81 S"'SSS
u,an'nower known to modern armies.
The soldiers, all of whom are trom
New England. have been inoculateo "a; q
with fever. They are connneo IL q
specially constructed portion OF a
British base hospital IN northern
France under the Observation Vi
staff of American army doctors.
The procedure of inoculating the
,an consists Of either injecting the
blood % Of infected persons into their
Veins or by using lice. Both normal
and infected lice are employed. Inc
danger from the lice is uncertain.
The fever is seldom fatal, though
victims are practically invalids for
six or eight weeks.
Medals for Americans.
WASHINGTON, Mar. 5.-Am ei1ct
will honor the Sammies who dlsung
ufshed themselves in the March Isl
German raid. ,,
The war department plans to ISSUE
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
Hidden Wirei.ss Station
Sends Secrets to Germany
Plant is Concealed Somewhere in Ne,u York City, But
Officials are Unable to Locate Spy Nest

Press Leased Wire 1
YORK believed
federal investigators believed
The sending
Pfunda Gernanb was be
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
Continued on Page 81
RAISE FOR THE KAISER
Is DANGEROUS BUSINESS

manhandled for praising the kaiser
and assailing President Wilson.
Seitz, after being severely beaten
by Robert Quigley for his pro-German
remarks, was placarded "the kaiser,
hauled through Denver's business
section in huge truck, severely
beaten by mob. members OF when
placed rope about his neck and but
for the interference of more COOL
headed citizens. would have oeen
hanged.
Government authorities are inVesti-
eating.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
EVERYBODY WAS SINGING
WHEN SHIP WAS TORPEDOED

sang from the deck Of the sinking
shio and it typified their spirit, ac-
cording to letters from survivors
which arrived in San Francisco today.
"You know the song" wrote Priv
ate Edwin r. Abbott to his brother
The lifeboats weren't there, but that
didn't bother our boys"
I'VE had q little accident on the
way over was the comment of w.
Douglas Thine, Of Burkeley, in let,
ter to his parents.
'T lost everything l owned except
ing myself
I'VE are safe in ireland and among
the best people in the world" Jas. o..
8tckford wrote to his mother.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05

UNITED Press Leased Wire Servico.1
LONDON, March 5.--A German air
plane dropped bombs on Petrograd
Monday afternoon, according to an
Exchange Telegraph dispatch from
the Russia capital dated Monday
night. The dispatch said 1t was be-
lieved the Nicholas station was the
aircraft's objective. The number Of
casualties had not been ascertained.
Monday night anti-air craft forces
reported driving off Zeppelins from
the outskirts.
[The Petrograd attack occurred
after peace was signed at Brest-
Litovsk. Both German and Russian
official statements said the pact was
signed at Ave p. M, Sunday.1
viii Not Rainy Treaty.
fBy Joseph shaplen.l
[Copyright 1918 by the United PresS-l
PETROGRAD, March 4.-(nigh0-
The Moscow council Of workmen.
peasants, soldiers and Cossacks, call.
ed for March 12, will not ratify the
German peace treaty, 1t is generally
believed. Instead. the council Is e1.
peCIGu W "a OSAdlAu away -
against the invaders.
A strong moveme ent has begun to
reunite all socialists in defense Of the
country. Nearly all the leaders of the
left" as we'll as many Bolshevikl are
opposed to the treaty.
My interview with Agriculture Com
missary Kalegayeff yesterday. ex'
plains the present situation.
TKalegayefP told Shaplen that "even
with peace signed at Brest-LtoVsK
the war will continue" He pointed
out that 1.-The more starving territories
the enemy occupies. the worse will be
his own economic situation."1
Germany Wants Finland.
TBy J. w. T. Mason, written for the
United Press.]
NEW YORK. Mar 5.-Eftorts by
| the BoIsheviki red guard to save Fin
land from passing under TeutonlC
| influences, are responsible for Ger
many's decision to take military pos
session of the Finnish republic.
| Won Hindenburg IS bent on making
| Finland a vassal state of the German
empire. though probably with nomin
| al independence. II the German mill
| tarists fail in this purpose it Will be
because the red guard are determine &c
to continue by subtle means theli
struggle for unlimited democracy
No other force can save Finland.
The Finnish red guard is the same
organization as the Russian rec
guard. The red guard is not an an
archistic organization. 1t is the army
! of the revolution and much will bs
heard of it henceforth as the centra
! organization for resisting the exten
sion of German control in the east
| A serious disservice is being dom
to the cause of world democracy D!
referring to the red guard as reds.
They are not reds as the word Il
used In the United States. The ret
flag is not in this instance symbo
of lawlessness and anarchy. 1t is tn
red flag of freedom. Opposed to tn
red guard in Russia are the whit
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05

,n,ted Press Leased Wire service.]
WASHINGTON, March 5-Forty-
,.s American soldiers had been
tlsd n action In France at the end
March 2, while 252 had been wound
and thjrty-five captured or missing,
cordina to war department informa-
bn.
Fred q. Ferguson, United Press
staff Correspondent
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY IN
RANCE. March 4.-American artil-
y violently bombarded the German
pnches during heavy snowstorm
s morning.
The artillerying began at one
lock and was intense for half an
ur. The inky black night sky sud
nly burst into flames and dancing
les OF FIRE. The ground trembied
windows were shaken q mile to
rear Of the lines.
The German artillery's reply was
ak. The entire bombardment last
an hour, diminishing toward the
it. Tho Germans used their heavy
md IN the rear Of Mont Sec. (Mont
q is an elevation opposite Divray.
short distance behind the enemy
es.)
A German machine gun, captured
ring the enemy raid northwest OF
|ulon Friday, has been brought IN
d will be sent to Washington as
trophy after being suitably In
Fibed
Two lieutenants in the hospital
re killed a couple Of Germans after
ling wounded. One Of them whose
nily is prominent In New York,
IS wounded in the shoulder by a
bee of shell and bayonetted In the
e. He got his Boche with a revol-
3. The other was in a dugout
len 1t was grenaded. Ordered to
me out. he did, and shot the Ger
N who gave the order.
Back Of the Line.
y Henry Wood, United Press Staff
Correspondent
WITH THE FRENCH ARMIES IN
He FIELD, Feb. 2O.-(By mail.)-
bile loudly proclaiming gigantic
ensive on the west front, the Ger
IN armies have been working there
eht and day for months past build
up the greatest system for defen-
e warfare the world has ever
own. G +,
Germany realizes that in the end
must sustain on the French front
shock of the combined French,
itish and American armies. She
ows that in spite Of whatever
tial success she may gain by big
st front offensive, she will be
1iged to defend every step Of the
ritory between the west front and
Rhine.
The entire west front, extending
miles to the rear-in fact practi-
~ back to the Rhine-has now
IN converted into one vast field OF
3oefensiye system.
the 1918 German offensive sys,
the three lines OF trenches Of the
slnal system give way to three
Fat fighting zones, the first OF
2lch is known as the zone of
4oltual combat" the second as the
and combats" and the third as the
pne of battle"
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
AirnIane Engine Exploded.

TJTni, ed Pre- y Leased Vie Servtce, ]
LAWTON, Okla, March 5.-Fort
Sill today was In mourning for Lieu
tenants Paul and Whitney, who We're
killed late yesterday when the engine
in their plane exploded while they
were flying at a great height.
The officers were not missed until
A. checking-in was taken at six o'clock
IN the evening. They We're found late
last night in field about ten miles
from the fort.
Farmers who witnessed the acci-
dent said pieces Of the machine flew
in all directions as the plane descend
ed. Both bodies were badly manglsd.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
Burial Of Archbishop.

limited Press Leased Wire Serv1ce.J
PHILADELPHIA, Pa, March s.
Thousands knelt in prayer at the
Cathedral of Sts Peter and Paul here
today as the remains Of Archbishop
Edmond f. Prendergast were laid to
rest in the crypt under the altar of
the cathedral Among the delega-
tions were several hundred city
policemen in mourning dress. 1000
Catholic Boy Scouts and the faculty
of the Catholic university Of Wash
ington.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
Hail, Hail, the Gangs All
Here" Was Death Song
of Tuscania.

limited Press Leased Wire Service !
SAN FRANCISCO. Mar. 5.-"Hall'
hail, the gangs all here" was the
song which the crew of the German
submarine which tC=pedoed the rus
cania heard-that is if they were IN
hearing distance.
It was the song which the soldiers
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
WAR MEASURES
BEING BLOCKED
Finance Corporation Bill and
Empowering Bill Are
Moving Slowly
in Congress.
PASSAGE Is DELAYED
Prospects Gloomy for Agreement on
overrnan Bill Whlch
Is Held In
Deadlock.
PASSAGE is DELAYED
TBy l.. c.. Martin, United Press Stair
Cnrr,ea, non dent

TBy l.. C. Martin, United Press Staff
Correspondent.
WASHINGTON. Mar. 5.-Two Of
the admins trations biggest war
measures were being blocked In con.
gress today by hostile forces.
The $500, 100000 war finance cor.
poration bill, claimed to be essential
to prevent financial disaster, faces In
definite delay, while the senate bank
ing and currency committee draws
amendments to it.
The Overman bin, ,empow wering the
president to reorganize war agencies
to give the war machine greater speed
and effectiveness is held in senate
judiciary committee by deadlock
that threatens to last indefinitely.
Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo
is to appear today before the banking
and currency committee in an effort
to dissuade it from fighting on the
senate floor to have the powers con-
ferred on the proposed finance cor
poration transferred to the federal
reserve board. Members Of this COM
mittee believe the reserve board
should look after the financing OF
business and the stabilizing OF money.
While this committees attitude Is
leaders predicted today, efforts to
amend it will fail.
Prospects for agreement on the
Overman bill are gloomy. Supporters
Of the Chamberlain war cabinet and
munition director bills are using the
delay caused by the committee dead
lock over the Owerman bill to urge
the senate to adopt the Chamberlain
measures. Chamberlain who has
been i'll, will soon return to direci
the fight In person.
While the senate today laid aside
the agricultural appropriation Dill
long enough to pass the billion dollar
urgent deficiency measure, the house
continued it's work on the Legislative
appropriation bill.
Conferees on the railway bill hopc
to agree today, following a visit Il
the white house of Senator Smith, o
South Carolina, chairman of the con
ferees. Smith discussed with the
president the rate making bill, one
of the chief points in dispute between
the two houses.
! To Sell German Property.
WASHINGTON, March 5.-Prest
dent Wilson today asked congress fol
authority to take over piers owned by
German steamship lines in the United
! States.
The president sent the request K
congress through Senator Martin
! Virginia, chairman of the senate ap
preparations committee. Martin an
nounced he would offer an amendmen
| today to the urgent deficiency bill
giving the president the necessary au
thority to sell the terminal proper
ties of the Hamburg-American ant
North German Lloyd steamship lines
This would appear to be a step u
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
inIne British Army.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Servlce'l
CHICAGO, Mar. 5.--John ). Coop
er, who lives at Oakland, Callt., anu
practices law at San Francisco, en-,
listed in the British army mere anu
is on his way today to Sanaalah
military camp.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
enver Man Would Have Been
Hanged if Mob Could
Spare Time

pited Press Leased Wire Service. ]
pENVER, Colo, March 5.--Fritz
~. German. is recovering at the
nty hospital today from injuries
1@ea late Monday when he was
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
To Sell German Property.

Continued on page "a
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05

| The Telegraph Service Of The
Daily Gate City and Constitu-
t;on- Democrat is received over
our own leased wire.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
THE WEATHER

Snow. Colder. Cold wave.
Local temp. z p. ~, 55; z a. M,
4S.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05
Advancing ON Petroorad,

LONDON, March 5.-An Exchange
Telegraph dispatch from Petrograd.
dated Monday noon. declares that
1.-The enemy" is reported advancing on
Petrograd.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05

Medals for Americans.
WASHINGTON, Mar. 5.-Amer1ca
MI, honor the Sammies who distng-
,fsbed themselves in the March lst
German raid. ,,s,,.
The war department plans to issue
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-03-05

[Kalegayeff told Shaplen that "even
with peace signed at Brest-LitoVsk
the war will continue" He pointed
out. that 1.-The more starving territories
the enemy occupies. the worse will be
his own economic situation
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-04

afternoon prices moved up in no uncer- tain manner, following the posting Of higher spot quotations. Spots were 70 points up to 34. 25c for middling, a new high record. A much better inquiry for the low grades was reported. Around the opening the market was 3 to points up from which level it fell until the ac- tive months were } to 6 points under yesterdays close. The later trading brought recovery and net advance, which late in the session amounted to Ii to 24 points.
 No special buying made it's appearance and the market improved on it's own strength, The disposition to sell in the early hours of the day was encouraged by improved crop accounts from the eastern belt, and private crop report claiming an increase in the acreage east of the Mississippi river of from to 12 per cent. The absence of rain expected in Texas and predictions of freezing -enl- peratures for portions of north Texas and north Oklahoma served to offset the eastern belt accounts and finally the market came to be almost entirely doni- mated by spot reports. It is said the de- mand in this department is now turning to the lower grades, which are begin ming to look attractive to manufacturers at the present wide discounts under the higher grades, while the latter are in- creasngly difficult to buy, being scarce and firmly held. We think the spot sit uation alone points to a higher market.-- Shepard & Chuck.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-04
COTTON GRADES GO
 !. FOR MORE RECORDS
Twenty Dollars Offered for Ocean Space to Italy
 With No Takers

New York, April S.-Early irregularity was followed by sharp advances in the cotton market today, with all deliveries making new high records for the season. July contracts sold up from 32.63c to S. 15c, closing at 33.10c, with the general list closing strong at net advance Of B to 36 points.
 The market opened at a decline of 1 to 1S points, and recationary sentiment was more or less in evidence during the early trading. Liverpool did not fully meet over-h holiday advances in the Amer ican markets, while weather conditions were considered generally favorable for the new crop start and there was scat tered local selling as well as realizing.
 Offerings were readily absorbed. how ever. and the market soon turned firmer owing 10 the bullish average of spot ad- vices a continued demand from the trade and covering.
 This became more active late in the afternoon when houses with western con- nections were big buyers and there was also an active demand from spot house brokers who were believed to De oper- ating for New England splnners. Recent sellers covered on the advance, which extended to 33S5c for May and 3l.SSc for October. with active months generally selling 33 to 40 points above last night s closing figures. The close was or noints off from the best under realizing, but there was a good demand in evil dence as indicated by the final tone of the market.
 No change was reported in ocean freight conditions and 1t was reported that a rate of 20 was b1d for ocean freight room to Italy without securing tonnage. According to Liverpool mail ad,,icas Lancashire authorities estimate pr;tisb consumption of American for the season at 2,coc GOO bales, compared with a nra-war consumption of 3.500,000. Both New England and Canadian mills were sa;d to be in the spot markets for cot ton grading middling or better, and part ,, of inc demand for May and July was attributed to spnners' calling.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-04
SIRE.F.EHA
 DNERS|F TED DAY
U. s. Steel Yielded Leader ship to Sumatra Tobacco
 and Motors

New York, April 3.-For all practical purposes today's stock market was lit tie more than a duplicate of the pre- vious day. Trading was trifle more active and diversified, but the tone was hesitant on the further absence or oe- cisive advices from abroad.
 Rails were conspicuous of their eX- treme backwardness, Canadian Paclnc being the only important issue to vary so much as a point. In the man tiie trend i'll that division was downWaru' coalers losing substantial fractons' but hardering towards the close
 United States Steel which yleloeu leadership to such speculative issues as Sumatra Tobacco and StudepaKer' traversed a very narrow area Willie Sumatra registered an extreme gam of points and Studebaker advanced 1H noints, Pools relieved the monotony by occasional diversions Tn speclal stocks. Industrial Alcohol, Distillers Securities and Malting preferred gain ing between l and points. Geheral Motors improved on Studebaker's bet ter showing and minor metals derived sore stimulus from a 4-point rise in National Lead.
 Snippings steadied on relaxation Of recent pressure and prominent equip ments were featured by American Car and Baldwin Locomotive at extreme gains of IF to 2 points, American Can also advancing 1 point and Atlantic and Gulf 26 points.
 Industrial conditions assumed more hopeful aspects on the recovery or Ilg iron production as disclosed by statis- 4icc for March and prospects of large government contracts for railroad sup plies.
 Further strength in French issues marked the irregular bond list, Liber- ties also moving variably. Total sales par value, aggregated s5,275,o0O.
 United States bonds, old issues, were unchanged on call.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-04
New York Futures
New Orleans Cotton

New Orleans. April 3.-New high levels gain were reached in the cotton mar ket here today on both contracts and spots. In the early trading the market hesitated, but late in the session it firmed up rapidly on the strength of the snot situation and prices rose 20 to 2S points over yesterdays close. Last prices were F to 9 points up net.
 Around the first call prices were to noints up on the failure of rains to appear in Texas, according to forecasts of yesterday. Better crop accounts from tha eastern half of the belt and a re- hort estimating the increase in acreage in that portion of the cotton region at from to 12 per cent caused a selling wave m which the market fell to level to poins under yesterdays finals. For a while the market hung fire. not showing any decided trend. but gradu- aIIy it grew stronger on reports of a much better inquiry for the lower grades in the spot department There also was rumor that a foreign cotton commits sion was calling cotton in the American markets. Highest prices were reached
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-04
Wall Street Repeats Previous
 Days Dealings and is Hesitant
Rx JOHN c. MOSES,

Getting away at an irregular gait. cotton made sharp advances in all grades, finally reaching new records for the season. The list ranged in rises of 2S to 36 points. Active months worked about to 16 points net hign- CT during the early afternoon with July selling at 32.9sc and October at 31.57c. The bulge met some realizing by early buyers. but offerings were absorbed on moderate setbacks Mill interests were created with calling May and July. Reports are current that S20 has been offered for ocean tonnage to Italy with no available space.
 With freezing weather reported in the northwest, the bulls stepped into the oats market directly and into corn indirectly. Oats closed l B to 1A e high CT and corn 1ac up. Seaboard demand was renewed in oats Corn in sight shows 7.000S00 bushels over this time last year. Provisions jumped with the market 12 to 62c