The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-12-29

for hestiess Mo,iavs u ~ 4srcirssals
On February s, cod -t0ln.iaLsts ~
tor Hoover frightened .ha r-strictfones
on the use Of wi,cst. fixiag u bread
ratio ~ Two ounces Tor public eat-s
ing places Or February ~ Pfest~.
deift wilson Hxea "A tseee4.sffstas ant sssis&~4
anteed price for wheat, vaxsing from
81 at Spokane 20 81 90 at New - gi1k,
Congress- increased the safcgu4r ~
THROWN about war Industries by paae~
fg tn "f4Dotage" bill csrryir 4 pen.
alties ol $4,000 FIRE anc thirty wears /.
Imprisonment for destruction ut war
materials or interference with war. ia-~
dustries President W,isa- ST. ned shts
measure on April 20. TIL ruyefr.
mont also prosecuted vigorously
many pei sons lccused Of yiolafina4Qf
the espionage act. or March e.,
former Congressman Victor berger,
OF Milwaukee, and Adc,ph GermSx.
!. Louis Engdahl, ". p. kruse and
Irwin -. john t. cker, Of ChlcAgn.s
all active in the Socialist party, wers
indicted at Chicago under the espton-
age act ON E..~rst II, ore handi "a +
members OF the |. W. w. were cen
victed of disioyaity in the fedarHd
court at Chicago. after trial lasting
several months, Or. August 30 Judge
Ian dis sentenced fifteen of the men
convicted. including William y. Hay
!. W. w, twenty cars .mprt9Qn.
fnent in the FEDERAL penitentiary-
Eighty others were given lighter seyEt.
ences. On September Ia Eugene W,
Debs, one-time Candidate OF the sG4oiw
alist party for president. was con-
victed OF violation of the espionage
law in the federal court at Cleveland
Another war measure adopted by
congress which affected the whole
people was the daylight-saving act,
which became effective March IL. On.
that date all clocks In the country
were turned forward one hour. They
we're turned back on Octcher ~.
Charges OF fnefficiency and m tocon-
duct in certain branches Of tha war
depar Cinent were made early ia the
Eear. and were renewed at various
lime. Senator Chamberlain. chair
man Of the senate committee on mill
tary affairs, or Januar5 - declared
thai the military estabiisnmapt of
the United States had fallen down"
and demanded an Investigation. On
January 2s. at public hearing SEQ
rotary u War Baker defended hfrn-
sci. and the DEPARTING MT against these
charges. declaring that the country
should be proud Of the record made.
Charges of rnismanagenent and Gfaft,
particularly In connection with tho
aircraft production program, con-
tinted eea-fssada. ind on May u
President wilson appointed Chaf1Ss
e Hughes. Republican candidate Tor
president In 1915, to Investigate the
charges. After months Of invett1fA@
ton Mr. Hughes submitted report
sustairins re charges In many pA<ti-
cula g ard recomnI = sing the prc-e-
cutcn or certain officers CONNECTED
with the aircraft production board. &
Z peritnhnts re the use OF airplanea
L.. = ~ fxn .at1 ktxrt
In the establishment. on May Is, OF
the first lirplane mall service between
Washington, Philadelphia and New
York.
The first great change in. the
organization OF the railroads Of the
eountry following the taking over Of
the roads by the COVE, nr,ent. took
place on Nay FL. when Director Gen.
erai McAdoo removed all railroad
presidents ard appointed federal
| managers FOR all roads. On May ~
Mr. Mckc9o Issued an o. Fer raising
Nretght ard. Or Messenger rates from 10
, % q per cent, to meet higher toS1
of operation resulting largely from I'm
creasas N wages granted TO railroad
employees.
Governmen4 contrsl OF railroads
was followed during tbs year by gov.
eminent eontrol cf all telegraph and
telephone lines, Congress on July IL,
authorized the president to .alko con.
ssrot ST tss. wsressyen the ashvx rtiEzsrt
assumed control on July Al. All Ntrs
systems Sey0 placed unier the d.1ec-
ZION o. ostmaster-tzeneral BurIcson.
On -NnAeInhsr- TIE -loStn asfcr-xen-
erai also look control Of all Atlantic
cable lines, an3er authorization from
the president
President Wilson was called upcn
to make an in oortant diplomatic Ap-
pointment when. OF August ~. WAL
ter Hines Page, American Ambassador
to Great Britain, resigned becausc Ut
i'll health. On September Ia the pres
ident appointed John W. Davis eol.ci-
sor-senesssl u the United Statee' 'tY
the vacant post. n 3
The first general election since The
United States entered The war wlS
held on November s. President VIII
son created somewhat of a sensation
a few days before the eiectiou w.
making an appeal to the voters 70 ~.
turn a Democratic majority to Nnals
gress, declaring that tie election a.
"a Republican congress would EN- =
harrass the administration ana would
be construed abroad as a Reputation
OF the presidents leadership. Despite
the presidents appeal the Repubn.
cans won both houses Of congress. th&
senate by n majority OF two and the
tlOuSe uy u s24eASt
forty. The Democrats won vi6f6ff
In New York. where Alfred e. 'Sr01e6&
was elected governor over Chasees ~
Whitman, candidate for . third fef1u. s
What was declared to be q vufId't
record for appropriations made BIZ -
legislative body In one day was n12d0f
on June IS. when congress- rssAsed
measures appropriating a total OF
SCI 900. 100000. NAM OF these great
appropriation measures wcre pasted
without debate, because the fiscal year
ended en- the following day. which
WAS Sunday, and the government
would have been without funds hAN
the appropriations bcen delayed. !. I,
One Of the most Impressive vAf
measures ad opted by congress Wa the
man power bill, placing the draft aSc
st from eighteen to forty-Eve years. 4
The measure was introduced On Az I
gass 5. ana was passed quickly ~
both houses. and was signed by Prsa3-
dent Wilson on august 81. Ons SEP
temher IL nearly 100000 Arnerf,
cans registered for military nsryloe
under tire new law. 8ss
In connection with the working Ok