davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22
BREAD WITHOUT WHEAT.

1t was long thought by most
people that bread could not be
made light with yeast unless a
large proportion of wheat -four
was used in 1t.
That has been found to be, In
large measure, erroneous.
Breads made of cereal ma
terials other than wheat flour
can be made light with yeast.
The discovery is one of the
necessary wartime achieve
ments of science.
1t Is available to the house
keeper and to the professional
baker.
No one who has to do with
bread making can perform his
full patriotic duty without apply
ing 1t to as great an extent as
possible.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22
DROBATE NOTICE

To All Whom 1t May Concern:
You are hereby notified that there
is now on file in the Office of the Clerk
Of the District Court of Iowa, in and
for Mahaska County. an instrument in
writing, purporting to be the last will
and testament of James B. Atchison,
late of said county, deceased,
and that the 9th day of September, 1918,
has been fixed for the probate of said
will, at which time you can appear at
the court house in said county and
show cause, if any there be. why said
will should not be admitted to probate.
In Witness Whereof, have here
nutO set my hand and affixed the seal
of said court at 0skaloo sa, iowa, this
18th day of August, 1913.
w. 7. Martin, 80.
5w3 Clerk District Court.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22
FOOD Of SOLDIERS
GIVEN GREAT CARE
EXPERT NUTRITION OFFICERS
go STATIONED IN CAMPS.
EDIBLE WASTE is REDUCED
syy Department Sends Uniformed
Desk Men to Active service--An.
cient Rrmor Supplies Models
For Modern Equipment.

Nutrition officers are to be stationed
in every National army cantonment
and in every National Guard camp, as
well as In every camp where 10000 or
more soldiers are In training, the war
department announces. These men are
food specialists Before they Joined
the army as members of the division
OF food and nutrition of the medical
department they were connected with
colleges and public bodies as physiolo-
gists, chemists, economists, food In
spectors and experts in other special
lied work relating to food.
Since last October these officers
have gone from camp to camp, studied
the food served, how il was inspected,
stored and prepared, and made recon-.
msndations resulting in many advan.
tageous changes. They gave instruc-
lions in the principles of nutrition, the
proper selection of foods and the con-
struction of dietaries to mess officers,
medical officers and others Interested.
They told how to avoid waste, gave
A''S''iSNS ~ anu StOIlHS tOOu,
and emphasized the importance of
Keeping kitchens and mess halls clean
and orderly.
At one camp seven companies were
selected from various organizat tons
totaling 1,135 men with which to try
out an anti-waste plan. The average
edible waste was found to be 1.12
pounds per man per day. The nutri-
zion officer gave the mess sergeants
and cooks instructions In food and
mess economy with the result the aver.
age edible waste was reduced to 0.43
pounds per man per day, saving of
O.G9 pounds. This saving amounted to
$Gl.15 per day for the seven messes, or
$22.242 per year.
Sixty new officers are to be commits
stoned in the division of food and nu.
triton to handle the additional work.
All Will be food specialists similar to
those already in the service. They
will advise about the composition and
nutritiye values Of all dietaries, make
inspections for authorizations, spoilage
and deterioration and cooperate with
the mess officials.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22
Artists Entertrin soldiers

Miss Elsie Janis. American actress.
and Polin. the noted French imper.
senator. are two of the artists who
are assisting the " M. G.. A. in en-.
pertaining the American soldiers in
blahesa,ie Alalg ~ sl4dl
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22
THE DRAFT ACE
MAY. BE RAISED
TO BE EXTENDED BEYOND FOR.
TY-FlvE YEARS LIMIT.
EVERY MAN MUST SACRIFICE
Biggest Engagement Of the War May
Come Next Year-lt's Up to the
U. S. Army To Wipe the Hun
OF the Map.

Washington, August IA hint
that the new proposed draft ages of
Is to As may be still further extend
ed, and that deferred classes may be
entered before the war is won, was
indicated by the testimony of General
March, Chief of Staff, before the Sen
ate Military Affairs committee
at is my belief that in the range
of business, this Congress will have
to use men in those classes in order
to carry the war through" March is
quoted as saying in testimony which
was made public for the first time
today
Every Man Must Sacrifice.
THE United States is going to see
this thing through We can win this
war only by going into it with all of
our strength at this time. Every
one will have hardships. No man
can win without hardship"
March made it clear that there is
little possibility of France or Eng.
land greatly increasing their armies,
Replying to a question of Senator
Kerby, regarding the strength of
England and France, March replied:
"The only way that Germany can
be whipped is for the Americans to
enter it with all of their strength,
The allies have superior man power
on the western front today for the
first time because of American troops
there"
War To Go On Next Year.
The greatest battle of the allies will
be fought next summer. This was
the Interpretation by authorities here
on General March's statements be-
fore the senate military affairs com
mittee that two million five hundred
thousand men would be available un
der the new draft law, and would be
in France by June 1919. With the
four million Americans already then
there the allies can penetrate the Ger
man lines at their own will.
Little expectation is held here that
the war will end this year.
Answer Gompers' Protest.
Answering the protest made by
Samuel Gompers, president of tbs
American Federation of Labor
against the anti-strike amendment in
cluded in the draft bill, the commit
| tee said in its report on the bill:
at seems to the committee that in
view of the fact that We are about
to draft boys between the ages of Is
and q years, as well as men above
81 up to and inclusive of As and are
providing for the exemption of those
between Is and As who are engaged
in useful and necessary occupations
solely because their services are more
valuable to the nation in the produc
ton of things essential to the wal
that when they cease to follow sucE
essential occupation they ought to be
subject to the draft. The young man
not engaged in these occupations
must wear the uniform, enter the
ranks, and bare his breast to the
weapons of the German army"
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22
9dIq9aE TIsds nj yisaIE
"Cash aHd yE1rFy'aISxst I n

Storm Lake. 10 Buena Vista coup-
ty. town of about 5000 people. now
has the cash and carry system. The
merchants have sold out every bas-
ket in stock and the city delivery has
quit business.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22

If you sprinkle little salt on your
coffee before pouring on the boiling
water 1t will be wonderfully improved.
Always warm the coffee pot before
making coffee.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22
Entera Y. M. c. A. WORK.
August

John r Dell. former editor of the
Clarion Clipper, but OF late publisher
of the Storm Lake Register. has been
accepted for Y. M. G. A. work and
expects to go overseas soon.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22

To prevent cheese from holding
wrap in cloth that has been dipped
In vinegar and WIRING dry. Keep In a
cool place.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22

Ink spots may be removed by sat
urating the spot with lemon juice and
rubbing plentlfully with table salt.
Apply before washing, and in ordi-
nary cases no trace of the spot will
remain after the wash.
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22

ArmOr for the American soldiers,
helmets, shields and breaStplateS, is
being modelled in the workshops of the
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New
York, the war department announces.
The best of the types used by the SOL
dieES of fQ1ner days is being wrought
into shapes for present warfare, some
pieces on ancient anvils and by ham
mers that were actually used centuries
ago.
In direct charge of the workshop
where the work is being done is
French artisan whose skill has been
known to armOr collectors the world
over, and whose fOrbears for genera
lions back have kept alive the dying
trade of the armOrer.
This war In Europe has brought
back into use many discarded weapons
and practices of medieval warfare.
There has been the adoption of steel
helmets by all the warning powers,
breastplates, armored waistcOats and
trench shields. This necessitated an
Overhauling and new study of ancient
armor. with the result that experts de-
clare that scarcely technical idea has
been brought forward which was not
worked out In elaborate detail by the
old-time armOr makers. ..... ~.
The Metropolitan museum collection
is among the seven great collections of
II 10 fncfHnnt m this
collection that there was established
at the museum an armorer's workshop.
So far as known 1t Is unique. In it
were cleaned, repaired and restored
pieces. that were defective. Daniel
Tachaux. French artist, was In
charge. He is working now under the
direction Of Major Bashford Dean Of
the ordnance department.
Armor models are being turned out
there In accordance with the sugges-
tons of General Pershlng and the ord
nance department. Twenty-Five diff
ferent types of armOr defenses have
been made in various factories In ex-
detrimental lots. several in many thou
sands of pieces, which have won ia
yor at army headquarters. The eff
cacy of armor protection for the SOL
diers Is indicated by reports that more
than 40 per cent of the hospital cas-
ualties suffered were leg wounds and
about SO per cent arm wounds. the legs
and arms of the fighters being free
from armor cover.
q fEIG Lyittt JUL ~
70 willie ~ .sM.aeM A.sworkers in a bat
otlegf6rni regr0h BfrFrance were carry
ing tdelitaties to American soldiers In
the front line trenches they left their
storehouse deserted. French soldiers
entered the storehouse to guard the
supplies. They found chewing gum
thought II food. stuffed whole pack
ases into their mouths. masticated II
for time and then tried 10 swallow
Il. Some succeeded In getting u down
There we're no casualties, but the
French soldiers We're inspired With u
high regard for American digestive AZ
patatpses
The Oskaloosa herald., 1918-08-22

American dietitians have made
bsead by substituting as high as 25
per cent of rice for wheat -four and
have obtained a white yeast bread Of
excellent flavor. ,.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Francis Ryan How
Win The War"

Dear Juniors:
My subject for today Is How to
Win the War"
Win the war Is an expression that
appeals to every man, woman and
child in the United States.
People can make war gardens and
truck gardens. Children should buy
War Savings stamps and Thrift
stamps, while their fathers buy Iber-
ty Bonds.
Women must use all sorts Of sub
stitutes and 30 must the bakers.
There are lots Of jobs for boys and
girls. They should work hard and
save their money for War Savings ana
Thrift stamps.
We must cultivate all our ground to)
raise food for our soldiers and allies. 4
We must all make acts Of self sacI
nee such as not going to 10 many pfH
ture shows, nor spend Ill our mons
for sodas and iced drinks and mot buy
30 much candy and gum, for 1t VIM
help win the war. It sornetimes|
makes you sick from eating 20 much
and IL not nourishing food.
Francis Ryan.
Ottumwa, Iowa 346 Mclean street
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Lilly Brody-'' Send Us Food
And More Food"
Dear Juniors:

Dear Juniors:
"Send us food, and then more food"
Is the cry of war-torn Europe All auth
critics who have studied the war con-
ditions say that food will win the war;
that the side which can the longest con-
unue to feed Its fighting forces and its
civilian population will be tho ultimate
victor.
The war In Europe is playing havoc
with farming over there. Millions Of
acres Of Europe's farm lands are idle
and will probably remain idle for
years after the conclusion Of the con-
11ict. This condition puts 1t up to
America to produce food enough for all
and she can do It because she has the
land. provided every acre Of it is cul-
tivated and forced to maximum produc-
ton. Tho millions Of acres Of cut over
land and swamp land that now occupy
parts Of our country should be includ.
"a IN the cultivated areas. Think Of
what It would mean If the 40o.34s. 575
acres Of unimproved land in this coun-
try were put to work producing crops
Another way to win the! war Is by
oconomizing and conserving.
Observe wheatless and meat1ess days
and save your money so as to buy War
Aavtngs Stamps.
Lily Brody. ago Is,
S18 e. Main St, Ottumwa, Iowa
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Eva Elizabeth Yenger-The
Origin of Decoration Day.

Dear Juniors:
The origin Of Decoration day has
been credited to the north, especially
to General John A. Logan. but the
south has the first right to It. During
tho civil war there was an organization
society whose work was to take care
Of the sick and wounded and send
medical supplies to the front and to do
kindly acts prompted by true woman
hood.
The society had among its member
ship q young woman whose name was
Lizzie Rutherford. who in January 1853
cemetery Just outside Of tho town to
help put in order some Of the graves Of
the confederates that had been sadly
neglected. While they were busy about
this their loving task, Miss Rutherford
remarked that a good plan would be
now that the war was over, II the Sol
diers' Aid society would keep up the
organization and care for tho soldiers
graves in their neighborhood. She gave
titled Initials" In which was describ-
ed the beautiful custom Of setting aside
a day of the year on which flowers
were placed upon the last resting
places of relatives and dear friends.
Miss Rutherford's friend admired the
custom and said that the local society
be called together and the plan laid be-
70 1t.
This was done with tho result that
not only did It arrange to set aside q
day for the care Of the soldiers graves
in It's own cemetery. but letters were
written to similar organizations
throughout the south asking them to
join with the Columbus society in its
plan.
Tho 3oth day Of May is for the pur-
pose Of strewing with flowers or other
wise decorating the graves Of COM
rades who died in defense Of theil coun-
country.
No form Of ceremony Is prescribed
but posts and comrades viii In their
own way arrange fitting services and
testimonials Of respect.
II other eyes grow dull, other hands
lack and other hearts cold in trust,
ours shall keep it well as long as the
light and warmth OF life remains with
us.
Eva Eliza beth Yenger.
Ottumwa Iowa, r !.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
THE COURIER JUNIOR
DEPARTMENT
Published by
THE COURIER PRINTING co.
otturwa, Iowa
EDITOR
0ATIlDA DEvEREAUx
Dorothy Margaret
Simpson on Men,
orial Day

Dear Juniors: Dorothy Simpson Is
the prize winner In the Memorial day
contest. This little girl complied with
IN the seven rules Of the Junior.
Dear Juniors:
Long ago they did not have this
beautiful but sad day. But when the
great civil war of America began. and
% many Of our soldiers were killed,
enc great man thought Of plan.
And this plan was to mako the
graves better and to put flowers on the
graves on a certain day.
And many people blessed him FOR
thinking Of this great day. So the peo-
pie named this great day Memorial day.
The United States should especially
observe this year because Of the great
world war.
Usually on Memorial day great
crowds gather at the different ceme-
teries to listen to lectures Of old SOL
diers and noble men. And they sing
beautiful national anthems.
Tho soldiers march to tho cemetery
With tho band. They shoot over the
graves of dead soldiers.
Also school children march and dec
crate the soldiers graves.
We also decorate the graves OF our
friends and relatives.
Dorothy Margaret Simpson, ago .,
129 Grand Ave.. Ottumwa, Iowa.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Daisy Louderback Many
Ways For Us To Earn
Thrift Stamps"
Dear Juniors:

Dear Juniors:
We are engaged in q terrible war
and we must win 1t. We want to be
free and I'm sure We wouldn't want to
be under tho kaiser's rule. There are
lots Of ws.ys in which We can help.
BY buying Thrift stamps and War
Savings stamps. II we don't loan our
money to Uncle Sam We will have to
give 1t to the kaiser.
It encourages the boys over there
If they know we are back Of them.
There are lots Of ways in which We
can earn money to buy Thrift stamps.
This summer We can pick strawber-
ries, gooseberries and raspberries.
Wash dishes for your mother. Go to
the store for some neighbor and they
will all pay you for It. Help your
mother or someone else clean house
this summer.
NY mother said she wanted me to
help her can fruit this summer and
she will pay me for 1t. Then when
fall comes l will have the money to
buy War Savings stamps.
We should all do some Of these to
earn money to buy Thrift stamps.
Here is just q few Of the ways in
which we can earn money to buy
Thrift stamps. One War Savings
stamp feeds soldier week. have
q garden and the things that raise and
don't need I will sell and in that way
earn money. We want to win the
war so lets all help.
Daisy Louderback, age Is.
1871 East Mabel street
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Vera ROberts-WOuld Like
To Have A Red Cross
Party, Too.

Dear Juniors:
The story that appeared in the paper
(Elzabeth's Surprise Presently gave me
a sudden thought that nearly made me
say "oh'' too.
This is it. I too would like to have a
party like Elizabeth's. OF course I
wouldn't expect the Red Cross hospital.
But to have Red Cross dresses for the
girls and cakes with q Red Cross on
them would be fine. Don't you think
SO?
I think that would be patriotic. To
not serve anything with flour or sugar
I should think would be alright.
NY birthday is the fifteenth day Of
May. It is usually nice and warm.
Ever since I can remember I have
had birthday party but the last two
years.
In 1916 I had a most beautiful cake
but no party. don't think will have
any this year either. But won't be so
downhearted about 1t as I was last
wear. either Anyway Tn write and tell
YOU about my birthday.
Vera Roberts, age IL,
S21 Church St, Ottumwa. Iowa
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
rRIFr STAMPS FOR PRIZES.

During the month Of June we are
going to give Thrift Stamps or knit
ting needles for prizes. The Thrift
Stamps will feed" the soldiers and
the knitting needles will keep them
warm" Stories on any one Of the fol-
lowing subjects will be passed on by
the Judges:
The Red Cross Drive.
Y Thrift Stamps.
What ! Will Do This Vacation.
War Savings Stamps.
Liberty Bonds.
Tho Red Cross.
A Soldier In France.
What We Are Doing for the Soldier.
How to Win the War.
osorpe Washington.
Abraham Lincoln.
Our Presidents.
Patriotic Duties Of Today.
School compositions.
Ancestor storles-
Interesting letterA
Beck reviews.
Unusual stories.
Soldier stories related by veterans
and retold by Juniors.
A letter.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Minnie HoweIls- "How To
Win The War;"
Dear Juniors:

Dear Juniors:
AZ this is the first time have writ
ten to the Courier will write on the
subject, How to win the war.
Tho government wants US to save, II
only penny at q time, because It IL by
such saving that we can win this war
When you have twenty-five cents you
can buy a twenty-five cent Thrift
Stamp. When you have sixteen Of these
stamps you can exchange them for q
War Savings Certificate.
You can buy Thrift Stamps and Wa.
Savings Stamps at postonices. banks
stores. at your school.
These stamps are sold by the treas
ury department under the authority OF
an act passed by congress.
During March War Savings Stamps
sold for $4.14 with one cent additional
each month, and on and after January
/, 1923 after 10 days notice the govern.
men will redeem all stamps amounting
to IS each.
We do not have enough food, cloth
ing, coal and ammunition to carry on
the war. We need more Of these things
and the only way to get them Is to
use less of these and less Of other
necessary things.
We have the biggest Job that Amer
lea has ever faced. It is so big that
none Of us has a very cdlear idea Of its
size. We are going to spend 10 billion
dollars q year. We have to raise It and
the only way is to invest our money In
government stamps and bonds.
You may not have much money that
you can save to buy Thrift Stamps
but II you patch your shoes and wear
them longer you will be helping. II you
take good care Of your clothing that
Will help. II you clean your plate al
the table that will help. Let US help az
much as We can to win this world war
II you arc q true citizen I am sure you
will help.
Minnie Howelh, age II,
1o8 N. Moore st., Ottumwa, In.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Miss Ditch alks to
Children Throngh
The Junior

Miss May Ditch ana her assistant
librarians will visit all the schools next
week, and will SEQ that each pupil re-
ceives a graded list of books for sum.
mer reading. Each child reading ten
Of the books will be placed on the honor
roll in the Courier Junior next fall. In
some cases credit will be given by the
teachers for this additional reading.
The reading list for tho first and
second grades follows:
This list is simply suggestive. Lasts
for grades above may also be found
useful in these grades.
Adelborg-Clean Peter and tho children
Of Grubbylea-
Alden-Why the chimes rang.
Bannerman-Lttle Black Sambo.
Bigham-Stories Of Mother Goose vii
lage.
Blaisdell-Boy Blue and his friends.
Brooke-Johnny Crows party.
Burgess-Goops and how to be them.
Caldecott - Hey-diddle-diddle picture
book.
Caldecott-House that Jack built.
Cox-Brownes; their book.
Cragin-Kindergarten bible stories.
Craik-Bow-wow and Mem-mew.
Crane-Mother Hubbard
Deming-Red folk and wild folk
Dodge-Baby days.
Dodge-New baby world.
Fieid-Eugene Field reader.
Francis-Book Of cheerful cats ana 9TH
err animals.
Greenaway-Mother Goose.
Grover-Overall boys.
Grover-Sunbonnet girls.
Haaren-Rhymes and fables.
Hazard-Three years with the poets.
Jewett-Hopi, tho Cliff dweller.
Lang-Cinderella.
Lang-Jack, the giant killer.
Lang-Snowman and other stories.
Lucia-Peter and Polly in summer.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
,vefna Harding-Had Four
Great Uncles In Civil War.

Dear Juniors:
/ had four great uncles in the civil
wsN.
Ono Of them said It had been raining
and where they stopped to camp the
ground was wet They went to a mans
rail pile and carried rails and laid
them fiat side up for bed. They also
used brush for bed.
Another said that he had horse
shot from under him. The horse fell on
him and hurt his hip.
One of them was taken prisoner. He
was In Andersonvil1e. He said they
were not treated very we'll
velma Harding, ago 10.
- kphavan ri, Ottumwa, Iowa
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
Edna NOland-Tells of The
Red Cross In Udell.

Dear Juniors:
! have read your letters so many
times that thought I would write a
letter. For playthings have three dolls
and one doll bed. have lots Of fun
with them.
The Red Cross in Udell: We have a
senior and junior Red Cross in our
town. Janet Wilson, the state superin-
tendent OF Centerville. was talking
about the Red Cross at the teachers
meeting Saturday. She told US things
how to make. All OF the children in our
room have Joined. will answer all let
ters that the Juniors send me.
Edna holland, age H.
Udeu. Iowa.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1918-06-04
ALL ABOUT PRIZES.

We do wish the Juniors would ac-
knowledge their prizes.
II any Junior has ever failed to re-
ceive prize after his or her name
appeared in this paper, it is because
the wrong address has been given US.
When we say wrong address We
especially refer to incomplete ad-
dresses. All4city Juniors should put
their street number and all Juniors
living in the country should put their
box number or falling to have box
send in their parents names.