The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1918-02-04
TALKS AT k.S.A.C.
Carl p. BOlmar Addresses Stu
dents of Journalism.
State Journal Artist Explains
Newspaper Illustrating.

Manhattan. Kan. Feb. Carl P.
Bolmar. artist of The Topeka State
Journal, delivered a very interesting
| address before the students of the
school of journalism of the Kansas
State Agricultural college here today,
| talking principally about the Illus
| trated newspaper and how it has
helped to make the daily publications
more interesting and of greater popu-
! larity.
| Newspapers have existed for more
than two hundred years" Bolmar said,
| but the illustrated newspaper is the
Hproduct of the last half of the nine
! teenth century. Illustrated daily
newspapers, indeed. have come into
| existence during the last thirty-five
years Up to thirty-five years ago, the
wood cut was the only cheap and
easily made form of cut
weekly newspapers copiously illus
! trated with wood cuts began to appear
back in the forties and fifties. In
| those times first appeared the Illus
trated London News. Punch. Harper's
| Weekly and Frank Leslie's Weekly.
The first real newspaper cuts were
advertisement cuts. Persons desiring
! to run cut for some length of time
| could afford to have cuts made to en-
be1lish their advertisements. Later,
| when business began to grow so that
| firms desired to advertise their wares
all over the country, some form OF
wholesale duplication became neces-
| sary. To do this recourse was had to
the already discovered process OF
stereotyping by the electroplate pro-
cess.
Chalk Plate Work.
Newspaper illustrating really com
menced with the advent of the chalk
plate and the photo-engraving proc
eSses. These enabled the daily papers
to produce their own cuts cheaply and
Pictures in newspapers both stimulate
ana satisfy public curiosity and they
educate and instruct the public mind
while the cartoons and comics now
published mold public opinion and
furnish wholesome amusement and
trifling cost
THE chalk plate process is very
simple. The picture is merely
scratched or engraved on a polished
steel plate covered with preparation
of chalk which forms a crust on its
surface. This engraved plate forms
a mold or matrix which is placed in
an iron box and relief casting of type
metal is made from it
Photo Engraving.
There are two processes of photo
| engraving. zinc etching and half tone
Zinc etching. which is the older, is
adapted only for the reproduction OF
-
whites such as pen drawings and
drawings with, black crayon on rough
surfaced paper. The half tone process
will reproduce photographs, wash
drawings. etc. which are made up OF
tones or shades of varying intensity
I Half Tone Process
THE half tone process is quite
similar to the zinc etching. In max
ing half tone. a photograph mega
tive is made thru a screen CONSISTING
OF sheet of glass ruled off screer
fashion, with a series of fine Opaque
lines. which breaks the negative VI
into small dots A positive is theI
| printed onto copper or zinc plats
chemical which was protected by tbs
screen lines is then washed off.
GU will probably wonder how it il
that something will happen to a MAI
in London or Toxic and we will hav,
his picture IN the paper with the tele
graphic despatch telling of the event
| The answer is simple. Every larg,
paper has what it calls 'morgue.
In the morgue is kept photographs
person. place or thing. Then besides
since the perfecting Of the stereotyp
ing process for half tones companie
and syndicates have been formed VIII,
make it their business to forecas
events and keep their subscribers sup
piled with paper matrices of all tn,
people prominent in the news of TIN
day.
These syndicates furnish, also
cartoons and comics by all the lead
ing artists, cartoonists and carica
turists of the world. The Topek;
State Journal is a subscriber to sew
era1 or the largest of these syndicates