davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
Russian Delegates To Brest.
Litovsk Refuse To Accept
Terms Offered.
NOW UP TO CONGRESS
Decided BY Soldiers and Work
mems Delegates Assembled
In Petfograd.

Petrograd, Jan. ga unanimous
decision to reject the peace terms Of
fered by the Germans, has been
reached by Russia's delegates to the
Brest-Litovsk conference.
NJ Kamaneff, who returned from
Brest-Litovsk with Foreign Minister
TrotZky, said the remainder of the
Russian delegation had stayed there
in order to avoid the appearance of
an immediate rupture.
I'VE were told" he added, that
the German terms were the last they
would offer.
I'VE were unanimous that they
should be rejected. Final decision,
however, must rest with the soldiers
and workmen's delegates"
TIE terms of the Germans. as enun-
ciated by General Hoffman, one of
their chief delegates to tie peace
conference, so far form an insuperable
barrier for the Bolsheviki government,
which has expressed a determination
to carry out the policy OF no annex
ations and no indemnities
Germans After Annexations
Courland in it's entirety and all OF
Russia's Baltic provinces are to be re-
tanned by Germany. according to Gen
earl Hoffman, in what is termed as
Germany's last proposal to the Rus.
slams and the added threat was given
that if the Russians failed to acqui-
acca i'm fha dapapdS furtbar ipr0ade
would follow and the important port
of Reval, near the mouth of the Gulf
of Finland, would be occupied.
In theatric fashion General Hoff-
man delineated on a map before the
astonished Russian delegates the new
Russian frontier as the Germans in
tend it to run-from the shores of the
Gulf of Finland eastward to the Moon
Sound islands and then to the west
of Minsk and thence to Brest-Litovsk
leaving within German boundaries
some of Russia's choicest territory.
SIavs Amazed at Audacity.
Amazed at the audacity of the Ger
man program, the Russian delegates
asked for time to consider the de.
mands. This was grudgingly given, to-
gether with the announcement that it
was the last postponement that could
be expected. Later the Russians unan-
imously rejected the German terms
What the new situation will bring
,orth is problematical. With the poll
.ical situation in Russia still in tur-
noil and the battle line depleted of
lighting men through defections, it is
hardly probable that the Russians will
be able to Withstand at the present
moment any great show of force by
the Germans toward the capture of
Reval, wAich would prove a handy
base from which to operate against
Petrograd or to push their line fur
ther forward from the old battle line.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
RULES ON STATE SCHOOL AID
Supreme Court Holds Use of Fund to
Cover Deficit IIIeqaI.

st. Paul, Jan. Ex-Governor J. A.
A. Burnquist's attempt to pay the
school aid deficiency account of
s1,t70,193 out of current school all
appropriations has been held illegal
by decision of the state supreme
court affirming the Ramsey county
district courts action in issuing an
Injunction asked for by j. F. Mushel
tax payer.
The decision settles the controversy
and releases for distribution to the
school districts of the state S5,037 ,545
n appropriations. An effort will be
made to get the s1,070,193 for distribu-
ton to the schools by appropriation
from the next Legislature. An appro-
priation for it was vetoed by Governor
Burnquist last winter. The decision
Is by divided court.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
Plans to Prevent Infant Deaths.

Washington, Jan. 26. - Americas
first anniversary of the great war will
be made the Inauguration date Of
"Childmen's year" under plans by
the childrens bureau for the saving of
100000 lives ordinarily sacrificed to
infant diseases. A nationwide weigh
ing and measurement of babies and
children of pre-school age will begin
April 6. to be followed up by an ed.
ucauonal campaign. which 1t is hoped
will diminish one-third the annual to-
tai OF 100000 preventable deaths of
children under Eve years of Ara.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
TWO FOE DESTROYERS SUNK
Are Sent To Bottom BY Submarine
Mines.

Copenhagen, Jan. 26. - Seventeen
German sailors, survivors of hitherto
unannounced sea disaster, have
landed on the west coast of Jutland
The sailors relate that five Ger.
man destroyers started for Hslgo-
land. The destroyer A-79 struck a
mine and sank The A-73, fastening
to the aid of the other, also struck
a mine and sank. The three remain
ing destroyers, fearing the same fate.
turned southwark.
The whole crew of the A-73 per.
ished, while only II of the A-79 sur.
vived. Nineteen of the men were
saved. but two have since died.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
Sc ,tary Formally Asks Cham
lerIain for Opportunity to
Make Statement.
IS TO ANSWER CHARGES
eaker to Delve Into Topics Hereto
fore Untouched in Order to Prove
ontentions-Request Has Di.
rect Sanction of President.

Washington, Jan. 26-Secretary OF
War Baker has asked Senator Cham.
berlain formally for an opportunity TO
make statement before the Senate
military committee on giving the com
plete summary of what has been done
by America in the war"
He proposes, in a big way, to an.
swer Mr.. Chamberlain charges
against the War administration.
People Entitled to Answer.
In his letter to Senator Chamber.
lain the secretary held that justice
demanded a statement be made in
view of the sacrifices and the spirit
of officers and men of the army and
business men who had given their
aid to the government in this time OF
stress. Moreover, he suggested the
people of the country are entitled
to a full answer.
President Sanctions Move.
Secretary Bakers request was made
with direct sanction OF President
Wilson. If Senator Chamberlain
grants the request, as he undoubted
ly will, Secretary Baker, will delve in
to topics heretofore untouched by the
Senate committee testimony to prove
his contention a vast work has been
done on broad gauge scale, with the
least possible delay or frirtion under
the circumstances.
Faced by a tremendous organized
attack on alleged inefficiency in the
War department the administration
has announced complete reorganiza-
tion of army purchasing.
Coming at the time the administra-
ton launched a counter assault in de.
fense OF Secretary Baker. The dual
move was regarded by officials here
as a strong play for harmony, threat
ened by the clash between President
Wilson and Chamberlain.
Bakers Letters to Chamberlain.
The Secretary's letter to Senator
Chamberlain was as follows:
my Dear Senator Chamberlain:
The questions which have arisen with
regard to the conduct of the war re-
quire an explicit statement from me
for the information of your commit
tee, and generally for the information
of Congress and the country.
81 feel that in justice / owe such
a statement to the splendid officers
and men of the army who have for
gotten themselves and labored with
self-sacrifice, and, as | think, success,
in the building of the great army
1T is due also to the great number
OF men of business and of affairs who
have accepted the invitation of the
War department to come to Washing
ton and brought their business expert
eIce, their talent and their judgment
to the work In hand. And | think the
people OF the country are entitled to
have at large, summary of what has
been done by America in the war.
II therefore respectfully request
your committee arrange an opportun-
ity for me to make such a statement,
and that the time and place be fixed
so as to enable all members of the
Senate and the House who are so dis
posed, to attend.
IF this request can be complied
with / shall be happy to be advised
at your earliest convenience of the
time and place. Cordially yours,
(Signed) NEWTON d. BAKER,
Secretary of War
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
NEW MINNESOTA LAW UPHELD
Conviction Of Anti-EnIistment Work.
ers Affirmed by Supreme Court.

st. Paul, Jan. 26.-The new Mime
sota law against circulating literature
urging citizens not to assist in prose-
cution of the war, or disccuraging en-
listment, has been upheld by a decis-
ion OF the state supreme court, affirm
ing the conviction of G. H. Holm and
others in st. Paul. The defendants
circulated a pamphlet impugning the
motives of President Wilson and con.
gress In entering into the war, and
seeking by "unfounded assertions, .
the court says, to incite antagonism
to the war, "the natural tendency Of
which Is to deter enlistments"
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
laps GIVE WARNING TO RUSS
Insist Peace Must Be Kept In Far
East.

Toxic, Jan. 26.-"Japan holds her.
self responsible for the maintenance of
peace in this part of the world and
consequently in the event of that
peace being endangered to the newt
able detriment of our interests, the
government of Japan will not hesitate
moment to take the proper meas
ure"
Thus Count Terauchi, the Japanese
premier, spoke at the opening OF the
diet in referring to the internal dis
orders in Russia spreading to the Rus.
sian possessions i Eastern Asia
The premier declared that the situa-
ton in Russia was causing him the
greatest measure of anxiety
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
PEACE PACT IN SIGHT
HertIing Tells Reichstag Agree
ment Will Be Reached.
Says Slavs and Teutons at Brest-Li-
tovsk Will Come to an Un-
derstanding.

Berlin, Jan. 26.--In his many times
postponed address to the Reichstag,
the imperial German chancellor,
Count Won Hertling, said he still
holds fast to the hope that the Brest
Litovsk peace negotiations will reach
a satisfactory conclusion at an early
date.
The chancellor opened his address
With reference to his last speech be-
fore the committee Jan. 3, in which
he said the country was confronted
with the incident which had occurred
at Brest-Litovsk.
"SIowly Progressing"
u then expressed an opinion" said
the chancellor, that we should await
the settlement of this incident with
all equanimity. Tle facts have JUS
lifted me, inasmuch as the Russian
delegations have again arrived at
Brest-Litovsk and negotiations re-
sumed. They are slowly progressing,
but are extraordinarily difficult. |
pointed out on the former occasion
the circumstances causing this diff
Guilty. Doubt often arose, indeed,
whether the Russian delegation was
in earnest with their peace negotia-
tions. All kinds of wireless messages
which were traversing the world with
their highly strange contents might
strengthen this doubt Nevertheless
| hold fast to the hope that we shall
arrive at a good conclusion with the
Russian delegation at Brest-Litovsk. -
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26

Count czernin Hopeful In Speech To
Delegates.

Basel, Switzerland, Jan. 26.-A dis
patch from Vienna says that during
an address to the delegations of par.
lament, Count Czernin, the Austro-
Hungarian foreign minister, declared
that he considered President Wilson's 5
last proposition regarding peace as
showing perceptible approach to the
Austro- Hungarian point of view. Thel e
were, he said, several points to which
Austria, Hungary joyfully could sub.
scribe.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
canada's Food Controller Quits.

Ottawa, Ont, Jan. 26.-W. j. Han
Ia, food controller of Canada, has ten.
dered his resignation and it has been
accepted. He will be succeeded by
H. B. Thompson of Vancouver. Mr..
Hanna explained in hs letter of res
ignation that he could not continue to
exercise the duties of food controller
without serious impairment to his
private interests.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
N. D. House RatifIes Ame ndme nt.

Bismarck, N. d., Jan. 26.-The
North Dakota House of Representa-
tives has passed the Harris resolution
ratifying the federal constitutional
prohibition amendment by a vote of
SO to 10. The measure must yet be
acted upon by the state senate.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
Fly Sixty Miles in Broken AIrplane.

San Antonio, Texas, Jan. 26.--With
broken airplane, 5000 feet above
earth, Major C. X. Riinehardt and
Captain ]. Phipps, of the Royal Brit
ish Flying corps, en- route from Fort
Worth to San Antonio, won a thrilling
battle for their lives and landed safe
ly. The last sixty miles was made
with Rhineiardt lying out on the plane
and holding In position a wing on
which the struts had broken. The
accident occurred when the men lad
flown 1856 miles and was noted when
the machine began careeninx
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
Labor Ineorses Lloyd George Regime.

Nottingham, Eng, Jan. 26. - The
Labor convention granted powerful
support to Premier Lloyd Georges
coalition government by rejecting, by
a vote of 1,sS5.O00 to 722,000, the res
olution demanding that the Labor
party members in the coalition gov
ernment withdraw at once. Arthur
Henderson, formerly a member OF the
war council, made an eloquent appeal
against passage of the resolution. He
declared its effect would be to break
up the governments strength and de-
lay the advent Of peace.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-01-26
No Sewers In Camp; Baker Blamed

Washington, Jan. 26.-Lack of pro-
per sewage facilities and overcrowd-
ing are responsible for epidemics
which have left their mark on training
camps, Surgeon General Gorgas has
Just told the Senate military COM
mittee.
, 1918-01-17

WITH WHITE SC0URs
Result Of Inflammation Of Lining Of
Fourth Part or True Digestive
Stomach.

White scours in calves is a form of
diarrhea. 1t Is the result of an in
fiammation of the lining of the fourth
part or true digestive stomach, and
is generally caused by changing the
calf's milk or giving cold or skim
milk when not used to it. The ma
nure is very thin and of a yellowish-
white color. The calf has pains,
breathes heavily and groans at times,
grits its teeth and keeps looking
around at its sides. Try to discover
the of the trouble, and If from
n change of milk or giving it too cold,
apply this treatment:
Give the calf good, warm milk to
drink, following with two ounces of
raw linseed oil, two ounces of lime wa
ter, n dram of laudanum. Mix and
give as n drench. If this does not
give relief follow with one dram of
laudanum and two ounces of lime
water. Mix and give three times a
day in a little milk as a drench. Keep
up this treatment and see that the
animal is kept dry and warm until it
is better.
, 1918-01-17

There are about 200 separate ana
distinct kinds of shells fired from Ger
man guns, and Zach and every one of
them has been given at least one nick
name by the Tommies, according to
London Tit-Bits. Some of them have
been given several.
The biggest kind of high explosive
shells, for instance, are known in
differently as "Dirty Dicks" Jack
Johnsons." Goal Boxes" 'Flower
Pots" "Crumps," "Black Peters, or
"Whistling Willies."
The smaller kind are "Black Ma
rias" and "Woolly Bears" according to
whether he smoke they emit when
bursting is black, or white with a yell
lowish tinge.
High explosive %shrapnel and trench
mortar shells are respectively "whizz-
bangs and 'pip-squeaks," from their
habit of giving only those warnings of
their approach. "Archibalds" are anti
aircraft shells. Ordinary shrapnel
projectles are Little Wilies."
, 1918-01-17
WARM WATER FOR DAIRY cow
Cheaper to Heat Supply Than for
Animals to Do It Themselves With
Expensive Feeds.

North Dakota Agricultural College Bull
letin.)
A good supply of clean, fresh water
should always be at hand for dairy
cows. Much water is needed for the
high-producing mich COW owing to the
nature of her product, about 81 per
cent of which is water. 1t should be
handy at all times, and in the winter,
If the tank is outside, heat should be
applied to take the chill off the water.
Cows will drink more water If warmed
to go to 10 degrees Fahrenheit than If
made to drink ice water. A tank heater
car be provided at low cost that will
keep water at proper temperature,
thereby saving feed and energy of the
animal. 1t is cheaper to warm ice wa
ter than to allow the cow to warm it
with high-priced feed.
, 1918-01-17
PROCEED WISELY
With CHICKENS
Suggestions of Specialists of De-
partment of Agriculture.
MAKE START WITH PUREBRED
|HousehoIders Usually Desire Not Only
Eggs for Table, But Also an occa-
sionaI Chicken to Eat-Lieht
Breeds for Eggs.

You want to start n backyard hem
merry or improve the one you have
you have gone that far in your deter
minatiOn to help the meat and egg
supply-how shall you begin? What
kind of fowls shall you keep, how
many and how shall you procure
them? These are your next considera-
tons. Here are the suggestions of
specialists of the United States de-
partment of agriculture on these
points. They will help the beginner
especially, but should also help the
town householder to make his flock
more serviceable. First, the kind of
breed.
This will depend somewhat on
whether you desire eggs, meat or both
4 eggs and meat. Householders usually
desire not only eggs for the table and
for cooking, but also an occasional
chicken to eat. If this is your desire
one of the general-purpose breeds,
such as Plymouth Rock, Wyandotte,
Rhode Island Red or Orpington, is
preferable to the smaller egg breeds,
such as the LeghOrns. Not only do the
mature fowls of these breeds, because
of their larger size, make better table
fowls than the Leghorns, but the
young chickens for the same reasOn
make better friers and roasters. Chick
ems of the egg breeds are suitable only
Tor smaller broilers. Hens of the gen
eral-purpose breeds also are more
"broody," making good sitters and
mothers, which is a decided advantage
when 1t is desired to hatch and raise
chicks. Hens of the egg breeds seldom
become broody and are in any event
rather unreliable sitters and mothers.
Lighter Breeds for Eggs.
IT, however, the desire for eggs out
weighs that for an occasional table
FOWL the lighter egg breeds undoubted-
" Will be more practicable because
|lhey lay as many eggs and eat less
iced with the result that they produce
'he egg more cheaply. 1t is by all
means advisable to keep some pure
, 1918-01-17
Strictly According to Law.

MI. ]. ]. Hissey. in his book, 1.-THE
Road to the Inn," tells the following
story:
A parsOn was quietly seated in his
study when one uf his male parish.
toner's was shown III to him, carrying
a baby.
"Parson," he says, "as the law tells l
must give you one-tenth of all l pro-
duce, here's my tenth child" and with
out another word the man placed the
baby on the astonIshed parsons knee
and departed.
, 1918-01-17

Ducks may be fed on the rations
recommended for fowls and chickens,
but better results are usually secured
by feeding more green and vegetable
feeds and n larger proportion or
mash. Eggs from Pekln ducks are
used largely for Matching, and the
profit is secured in producing green
ducklings ducks fattened and mar
keted at the age of eight or twelve
weeks) therefore these ducks are fed
n maintenance ration after they stop
laying in the summer until about De
cember 1. when II laying ration Is
given and the amount of mash In
creased. Indian Runner ducks have
been introduced as producers of com
mercial eggs, so they should be fed
laying ratiOns throughout the year II
kept for egg production.
, 1918-01-17
ADD SUCCULENCE TO RATION
Where Corn SiIage Is Not Available
Feeding Small Potatoes viii In
crease Milk Flow.

Potatoes add succulence to the dairy
ration. Where corn silage Is not avail
able and there are plenty of small po-
tatoes, a peck n day will give a marked
increase In milk flow. They should be
introduced into the ration gradually,
and should be run through a root cut
ter to avoid the possibility of choking
the animal.
, 1918-01-17

breed or variety. If this Is done sales
at a profitable figure often can he
made of breeding stock which 1t is in
tended to market or of eggs for hatch
ing.
The size of the flock which can be
most efficiently kept will depend, first
OF all, upon the space available and.
secondly, upon the amount of table
scraps or waste which Is available for
feed. 1t is n, mistake to try to over
stock the available space. Better re-
suits will be obtained from a few hens
In a small yard than from n larger
number. The backyard poultry flock
rarely will consist of more than 20 to
20 hens, and in many cases of not
more than eight or ten, or occasionally
of only three or four. For n flock of
20 to % hens a space of not less than
20 feet by 30 feet should be available
for a yard. If less space is available
the size of the flock should be reduced.
allowing, on the average, 20 to 80
square feet for each fowl. A few hers
sometimes may be kept successfully
with a smaller yard allowance than
this, but If the space Is available a
yard of the size indicated should be
used.
Ordinarily, the best way for the city
poultry keeper to start a flock is to
buy pullets in the fall when they are
cheaper. Unless there is a scarcity
in the community now, however, there
is likely to he little trouble in secur-
ing a few hens at this time. although
prices probably will be higher. Pullets
obtained at this time will give better
returns if eggs are desired, while If
the intention is to raise chicks older
laying hens may be used. or day-old
chicks can be purchased and u start
made in that way.
How to Buy Hens.
When pullets or hens are to be pur-
chased it is well, if possible, to go
to some farmer or poultryman who is
known to the prospective buyer. If
there is no opportunity to 90 into
the country for pullets, they often car
be selected from among the live poul-
try shipped into the city to be mar
keted. The advice of some one who
knows poultry should be sought in
making such ii purchase to make sure
that pullets or young hens are OBJ
tanned and that the stock is healthy.
Often the local poultry associations
are glad to help the prospective poul-
try keeper to get stock by putting him
in communication with some of its
members having stock for sale. Some
times the local board of trade or cham
Der of commerce is glad to help in
bringing together the prospective pur-
chaser and the poultry raiser.
In a later article suggestions as to
how an inexpensive poultry house
may be built or converted from an
unused shed will be given.
, 1918-01-17
BEGIN WISELY WITH CHICK
ENS-BUT BEGIN.

If you have not kept chickens
before ask advice from trust
worthy sources before you
Iaunch the backyard venture.
Get In touch with the local poul-
Try association, the county agent
ana some successful poultrymen.
Write your state agricultural
college and the United States
department of agriculture for
bulletins on poultry raising.
DON'T be discouraged IL the ad-
wee is a bit conflicting. There
"re several ways to succeed with
chickens, as with anything else.
, 1918-01-17
LEADING CLASSES OF COWS
Jersey Produces Liehtest Calves and
Holsteins Heaviest - Average
Weight of Animals.

Taking the leading classes of dairy
lows. the Ayrshire, Jersey, Holstein
and Guernsey, we find the Jersey pro-
duces the lightest calves and the Hol-
stein the heaviest. They rank about as
follows: Holstein, Ayrshire, Guernsey
, 1918-01-17
Champion Jersey Cow.

and Jersey. The male calves are the
heaviest, running es an average 80
pounds for the Holsteins, IS pounds
for Ayrshire, 10 pounds for the Guern-
sey and 62h pounds for the Jersey,
while the heifer calves average SO,
TIA, SO and 60.7 pounds.
, 1918-01-17

Give the cows all the fodder-corn or
second-crop clover hay they will eat
at night, and let them run on the pas
lures as long as they can get n good
bite, and do not poach the soft ground.
, 1918-01-17
Accounting for IL.

"What makes the old fellow over
there such a croker?' "He told me he
had n frog in his throat"
, 1918-01-17

"Mary, Johnny tells me that when
he went into the dining room last night
he saw Mr.. Bliff with his arms round
your waist"
"What n story, mammal Why, the
gas was out"
, 1918-01-17

"Jane, is my wife going out?" Eyes,
SIR" do you know If I am going
with herr"
, 1918-01-17

rms war is a test of nations even
more than of their material
ana strength. The issue of 1t depends
va the relative intelligence, moral
and attitude of the people
notwithstanding Houston.