El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-11-02

/ sweep through the dugout and out through
a hole in the top.
Liberation Of Clouds.
Training OF this kind Is carried on IN
: The cantCrnrents, where they have
trenches and iug0uts just like those OF
France Every nan Is given his assign
ment. the sentries are posted and the
alarms are made ready. Then. without
warning. clouds OF these terrible gases are
liberated by the instructors. and the man
who does not put on his mask as the
alarm sounds Is likely TO be gassed-
At the time the soldiers sleeping IN the
dugouts are aroused and the curtains are
lowered
After the attack Is over the trenches
are cleared. and the air tested before Per
mission to remove the masks Is given
Sometimes the men are taken TO the
heights and treated to a smoke cloud shot
or some distance away. They have to
put on their masks at the sight OF the
cloud. Or Il may be the Instructor will
throw e gas bomb that stfngs the eyes
Ike the concentrated juice Of a thousand
Many Factories Make Masks.
We have scores OF factories now making
gas masks and hundreds OF chemists who
are doing nothing else but experimenting
on new chemicals to put inside the masks
TO neutralize the poisonous gases sent forth
by the enemy. It is to get such materials
that the government wants all the peach
pits and nuts. which are being collected
country.
Glh oloeEt says ne believes that We
have the best gas mask in existence. and
that our troops are Just a little better
protected against the enemy's gases than
the eneIny's troops are against ours. The
Lrst gas masks used by the allies were
manufactured by English and French
women, who made them at home and sent
them to the front They were for the
most part merely bandages, impregnated
with chemicals. to wrap around the mouth
and nose These were followed BY cloth
helmets or hoods each OF which had two
eye goggles- The cloth had been soaked
In neutralizing chemicals and the men
oreathed in and out through the cloth
Process Was Clumsy.
me process was clumsy and after a
snort time the soldiers became faint from
tne lack OF good air Then an exhaust for
the breathed out air was produced, and
after that q respirator mask which en-
abled one 10 inhale and exhale without
trouble This IS 50 OF most Of the masks
now IN use The air coming IN Is made
harmless by passing through several lay
ers OF chemicals. whereas the outgoing
breath goes through a pipe connected with
which IS small rubber valve that pre-
vents the poisonous gas coming IN This
mask has face piece through which
the gas cannot come. This Is held IN
place by q rubber band around the head.
Il has also goggles OF glass or celluloid.
The chemicals used are q secret; they are
liable to change as new combinations OF
gases are Invented
Chemicals Good For Many Attacks
The mask Is usually carried IN q KNAPP
sack at the left hip. but in the danger
zone the knzpsack Is shifted SO that Il
rests high on the chest ready for Instant
use All that the man has to do IS omen
l. pull ont the flexible hose with the
face piece attached. put the rubbed mouth
piece in his mouth and fasten the bands
over his head HIS ears are outside the
mask The scientific construction Of a
gas mask nscessitates a knowledge Of all
the materials used IN &.
This includes the eyepieces. which must
- ~. 80
BY the moisture within The antitozins
Or neutraliLinE chemicals must be such
that they viii keep good through the long
est gas attack This IS so in all cur latest
gas masks, the chemicals being good for
ten times such a period Tbs masks have
to be tested from time 10 time TO gre
vent any danger OF the chemicals being
Z Connected with our gas warfare we
have now oxygen inhalers and oxygen bot
ties FOR use in field and base hospitals
We have ali heard OF the use Of canary
birds and white nice as a part OF our
army in Europe. The canary bird has
been used FOR a long time IN the coal
mines OF the United States TO detect va
that purpose Nice have also been used. {
but It is found that the mouse sometimes
grows sulky and ycu cannot tell whether
it has been doped with the gas or has z /
1T OF the sulks- The canary IS quite as I
sensitive, and Il always keeps up its !
spirits Il jumps about and preens Itself /
In the cage. and when It stops doing shat /
In a trench or mine you may be sure 4
something is wrong- The gas affects the 4
bird much more quickly than nan. In
deed the man has eight minutes TO get /
put OF the trench after the bird has been 4
Affected
Get Cannon To XII Bird.
Canary birds are employed by the sap
1ers and miners Of our armies and the I
allies and also by the Germans heard 1
u q British gang OF minerE which had 1
been working for three months tunnel
ng under the trenches and Qualifications /
u the Germans with the intent TO blow I
-hsm Up. They were very near the time l
FOR setting off the explosives when one /
n their canary birds got loose and flew /
away into q little tree IN No Mans Land /
The British were afraid. the Germans /
might see Il and thus realize that they 1
were being undermined They called Il 4
and had them fire at the 4
bird. but It flew about SO that they were I
unable to hit It They then brought in /
one OF the French 75s and blew the tree 4
and the canary to pieces In the meantime 4
the Germans had not discovered the bird /
Liquid Gas" In Shells.
In the dispatches describing the battles
IN France we read much Of gas shells and /
4 XZN