davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Foreign Policies
Assailed

AUGUST 23.-The German govern
ment has broken off relations with
Japan WITHOUT any reply to the ulti-
matum The former ambassador to
Toxic bitterly complained before
friends about the unskilful policy
which we have been conducting for
many years in Japan. Indeed, since
the outbreak of the war there is
general feeling also among the people
that German diplomacy has failed
everywhere.
To me the Foreign Office has always
seemed a confused. narrow minded,
exclusive body of bureaucrats, which
received instructions from outside and
accomplished very little on it's own In
itiative, and so believe that this body
bears most of the guilt for the present
war, because of its incompeteney and
not because it wanted it. The i'm
perial Chancellor (von -Holl-
weg) has altogether no real initiative
in his foreign policies. The Secretary
of State of the Foreign Office (von
Jagow) is shrewd skeptic who thinks
of himself that he is in the wrong
place. During the decisive moment
before the war he was on a wedding
trip. His under secretary of state,
who till that time had had nothing to
say, took advantage of the occasion to
assume a strong political attitude. He
acted, however, as an authoritative
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Quotes
Bernard Shaw

AUGUST 19.-Bernard Shaw writes
in paper that it is necessary to crush
the spirit Of Potsdam in order to be
able again to love the Germany of
Goethe and Beethoven. Nobody can
love Bismarck's Germany. with her
srmored fist and convulsive pride.
This way, I believe, all fairminded
and intelligent foreigners are think
ing 1t is a lie to maintain that they
want the weakening and the breaking
up of Germany in order to be able to
despise it, which t':ey could have
done before.
AUGUST 22.--From all palace bal
comics, from all church pulpits, from
all military platforms we have been
recently continually admonished to
stream into the churches, to fall on
our knees, call the just God, who cares
for our cause, and supports US who are
being prosecuted and attacked We are
being called upon to praise the Ger
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
impossible for Belgium to say Eyes"
without heinz condenlncd fnraNer

impossible for Belgium to say Eyes"
without being condemned forever.
AUGUST 6.--No voice of protest be-
cause Of Belgium in the 0ltire public
and private opinion! The we'll known
clergyman Traub, in an article In the
"Koolnische zeitung," with timidity
typical of Protestant Prussnns: "Who
crticises this step is traitor, mas
much as tho Chancellor confessed to
our wrong that made it right
While there cXists in Germany no
criticism, no exchange Of opinion. in
England one reads wide discussion
against the war. We like to hear that,
but In our own country it is necessary
to sacrifice understanding, life and
fortune in favor OF the authorities.
One is not permitted to ask himself or
to ask others whether a command ia
in accordance with the human convic-
yions of modification. And such land
which Is built upon force and where
free opinions arc not tolerated, believes
that it can dominate over ether coun-
friCS'
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Continued from Page I


to terrosize her enemies within and
without and to continue in power.
But when it came to an offensive
against Serbia every government knew
that Russia would not look on in
silence. because blow against Serbia
was one against Russia
On July II had something to do in
Berlin and there l learned the follow
ms from a thoroughly posted person:
Immediately before the Kaiser
started on his Norwegian trip there
was conference in Berlin with the
Austrians. The Kaiser is supposed TO
have declared to the Austrians that
this: time he would 20 with them
through thick and thin.
The Austrians, with the consent of
our government, had decided waiting
eight days to send a we'll constructed
note to Serbia which should contain
forty-eight hour ultimatum.
had an impression that the word
ing of this note had not been dis
cussed beforehand. undoubtedly q
dangerous omission on the part of the
German diplomacy considering the
risk that was rum that the Niennese
government really had carte blanche,
and that Germany had to agree un-
conditionally to everything in this
note.
A few days later another important
person informed me as follows: He
had had a talk with his friend, the
Secretary of the Foreign Office, con-
cerning this omission.
The Secretary is said TO have re-
piled that they had thought to help
IN shaping the note. but the EN-
peror had been so quick and deter
mined in his declaration, that. as
far as Germany was concerned,
demand or intimidation could not be
thought of any more. Finally the
Secretary thought that he could
create good impression in Paris and
in st. Petersburg by his declara-
ton that he had not known of the
note at all.
During this discussion, on July II
in Berlin. I learned furthermore that
the Kaiser had declared positively
that, should Russia, dissatisfied
with the demands of Vienna supon
Serbia. declare herself not contented
and mobilize. then he would declare at
once general German mobilization
and this would mean war.
The Austrians returned to Vienna
with assurances which they could not
expect to be better. When I at that
time declared to my colleague that un-
der such circumstances war was un-
avoidable and Immediately at hand, he
shrugged his shoulders and said it sure
~ looked that way
/ made use of these communications
at the sources for which they were in
tended, and upon that occasion I
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Attacks
Prussianisn1

The manner in which the Kaiser yea
torday acted with the representatives.
of the different parties of the Reichs-
tag is very characteristic as far as our
conditions are concerned.
He said suddenly: "And now you
all step forward and vow to me. with
Your hands in mine, to support me
until the last breath and remain
firm: Everybody gives him his
hnnd, because while in tho Emperor's
castle he cannot very we'll do other
wise.
The procedure TO force promise
which can only be of value when given
with free will is very simple but very
humiliating. It fits into the entire
picture when, Immediately thereafter
the Kaiser declares in solemn tones to
representative who is about to Join
the colors: "Now We will lick them
good and hard.' And at the same time
motions with his arm accordingly. All
of Germany is jublart over the de-
clared promise and over the new word
from the Kaiser.
From now on. the Kaiser says, he
knows no more parties, only Germans.
We will remember that when peace
comes again and the fight between the
parties is renewed. No party will neg
lcct to make greater demands, and the
condition of the inner politics will be
more terrible than ever
Aside from the quarrels of the
classes and the races and religions, the
opposition or the part of the minor
states will not be lesscned, but in
creased. Only the removal of Prussian
hegemony and the destruction of exist
ing views in Prussia can unite the
German races into nation
AUGUST 7.--Italy remains neutral,
apparently, because the binding case
of an attack upon Germany does not
exist; furthermore. because from the
beginning she has not been taken into
confidence by Berlin and Vienna ac-
cordWg to agreement, and she had not
been asked for her opinion, but was in
formed of the accomplished fact.
Austria Hungary has only yesterday
declared war on Russia. This delay
is remarkable when compared to the
lightning rapidity of action taken by
the Berlin Kaiser. How much must
the aged Francis Joseph have had to
overcome to agree to this declaration
of war? I am firmly convinced that
he has been outwitted. Even now
Francis Joseph seems to his enemies
a chivalrous, sympathetic figure. No
one throws dirt at him as at the Kaiser,
for he personally did not threaten, did
not instigate.
Our authorities are continually Civ
ing more opportunities for excesses
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01

man God, who will lead Us victoriously
across the world, for he has no batter
use for the garden Of his creation than
to make us kindle our camphres in it.
hope there are many who do not
kneel and who do not pray, at least
not to this God and not for this
thing. Batter let us sit quiet and
mediate and later to evince in the
hour of liberation the force and the
faith which we are exhibiting to-
day while in slavery.
disgusting villainy ard trickery
lies in this governmental piety. It
wants nothing less than the sancti-
fication OF falsehood, the worship
ping Of brutality, the divinization Of
Wilhelm II.
We recently read that small West,
phrlian newspaper had been confiscaSed d
and the editor thrown into prison be-
cause of an article in which he said
that Germany must lose the present
war. This measure is being generally
approved.
among us. Only articles approved by
the military authorities may be pub
lished. The provincial newspapers are
terial from the strictly controlled Ber.
lin newspapers. Two editors of o
Chauvinistic paper, like the above men
toned Rhenish Westphalian paper. have
been arrested because they had made
few vague statements as TO military
movements without permission.
If such monstrous measures are be
ing taken for the sake Of trifes. one
can easily perceive what fate awaits
a man who dares to say truly free
word.
The following thing is characteris-
tic of the German dictators of the
public tone: They report with salts
faction every English voice against
the war, against the London govern
ment, against the alliance with Rus
sia and Japan; every English criti-
cism of financial war preparedness
and its effects on commerce But
they do not seem to think for a mo-
rnent that even to-day every man
may speak freely in England and
must not give-up that right and that
this is a proof of the greatness and
safety of England Still less do they
think to allow their own population
to speak freely and to convince them
selves whether the German policy is
right.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
To Expropriate
Land Owners

The greater Polish land owners are
to be eXpropriated their homes are to
be given to those Germans who will be
taken over from Russia. Naturally it
may. not be possible to appropriate the
small peasants by entire villages, but
agreements will have to be reached
with Russian Poland which will guar
antce the gradual transportation of
Prussian Poles to Russian Poland.
However absurd this may be, know
that at this time it is advocated and
supported by many authoritative per-
sons.
AUGUST flour papers report that
England has taken over for her own
use the completed and almost com
pleted ships built in private shipyards
tor Turkey. In official articles they
speak of an unheard of breach of inter
nat,onal Jaw, since Turkey is a neutral
country.
I cannot comment better upon this
than by pointing out the following:
the Ministry of War and the Office of
the Imperial Navy have from the first
day of the war conhscated all the ar
tlllery and naval materials under con-
structlon IN Germeny without even an
understanding with these states to
which they ybelong-Argentina, Norway,
Brazil, Chile, Switzerland, Rumania'
Greece and Bulgaria.
Germany is thus condemning Eng.
land for a measure which she her
self has since long regarded as
necessary war measure.
AUGUST 16.-News from Berlin, A
gentleman who held conference on
the day before with the Secretaries of
State of the Navy and of the Foreign
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Rurnanian Advances
Rejected

Great Importance is attached TO the
early intervention OF Rumania, which
ls 10 strike for the heart of Tussia--
hieff. But the relation between Ru-
mania and Austria Hungary has recent
" become very bad The alliance has
always been secret affair between the
monarchs. and the present Rumanian
government hardly wants to have any
thing TO do with il.
Since Austria's coming out against
the peace of Bucharest the last trace
of Rumanias good will has disap-
peared. 1t has become very quickly the
friend OF France, Italy, Greece and
Russia. The King, who has always been
pro-Ger1nan. remained helpless against
the current which carried with It the
masses Of the people and all political
parties. He began to swim with the
current. In my opinion-and | know
the Rumanian conditions very we'll
had the European war broken out one
year later it would nave found Ru-
mama on the side of Germany's oppo-
nents.
The Rumanians often pointed out and
emphasized in Berlin the difficulties OF
their relations to Austria Hungary.
They desired more direct relations
with the German Empire, with which
they had no conflicts But Berlin al
ways directed the Rumanians to
Vienna, which was equivalent to the
rejection OF the most urgent Rumanian
wishes. Lately the Rumanians wanted
to hear from Berlin whether they
would inherit anything in Transyi.
vania when the time should come.
From these few examples it is evi-
dent that the view of the German pub
lie that the Foreign Office had acted
wrongly is comprehensive. Wherever
the Germans hoped for support they
must also count with possible hostili
ties.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
The Conduct
Of the kaisev

Or. Muchlon here tells Of the in
terchange of telegrama between the
Kaiser and the Car, and of the publ
cation of these messages by the Kaiser,
which, he says. put Russia in bad
light, as we'll as the character of the
Car himself.
must place the crown upon all these
pessmistic observations by pointing
directly 80 the conduct Of the Kaiser
Thus we have a break between two
rulers given to the public. q break
which was not necessary nor justiti-
able. But even if perfidy should exist,
why did the Kaiser make it all per-
sonal issue and why was it necessary
that the Car should be morally ami
hilated forthwith
The conduct of the Kaiser remains
unique among the sovereigns. Neither
the Car nor the King of England nor
the Emperor of Austria entered into
the debate personally with a single
word. In this way the Kaiser burdens
himself with many esponsibilities,
which may become unbearable.
] cannot call the attention Of Ger
mans often enough to the fact that
nothing can be achieved by force or
by excessive power where moral SUI
periority is lacking: that you cannot
a
No wonder, then, that voices in other
countries insist that Germany is to he
regarded as dangerous and despotic
and not Russia, and that they declare
the Emperor to be the inspiration of
all bad German instincts and the un-
roar in Europe.
AUGUST 5.-The Reichstag disposed
yesterday of all official matter without
debate, among which the five mlliard
credit. | received an abstract of the
official telegraphic reports sent out the
same evening by the Wolff Bureau, and
! am just now reading the speech of
the Chancellor, and a real shudder
overcomes me, for there it stands: "At
this very moment our troops are in
Belgium. Necessity recognizes no or
Ger. We will repair this wrong"
1t was clear TO me that principally
our entry into Belgian territory was
for strategic reasons. But everything
accepted as being true, yet our con
duct toward Belgium was so brutal
and so ruffianlike, against all politi
cal obligation. and was so little pre-
pared for automatically that it was
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01

by nstigating the public TO search for
gold automobiles and spies, which have
become dangerous TO the life Of every
body. Many Prussians have been shot
while taking their automobile rides.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01

rance thought they ought TO arrest
every unknown officer they met
It was circulated in Berlin that Rus
sian officers had been arrested dis
guised as nuns and that other spies
had been apprehended wearing wom
ems CLOTHES, and these rel orts made
the people hunt for suspicious nuns
and women.
1t was reported that many automo-
biles carrying enormous treasures Of
gold We're on the way from France to
Russia; in that way many trucks were
held up, only to be released again upon
investigation. The authorities COM
mence again to quiet the people; it.
was necessary. otherwise we would
have n real reign of terror.
it WAS printed in large type every
where that France had violated all in
ternational law since it had COM
menced to make war at a frontier
without having officially declared
war. Even if France should have
started hostiities in that way, it vio-
lated no international law. because it
had the right to start hostilities.
do not believe that the officially
announced French hostilities occurred
August 2. that hiers threw bombs in
the vicinity of Nuremberg. think
this is idle fantasy, since the hiers
surely had more important work 10 do
along the frontier proper.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Serbian Concessions
Futile

Serbia had made in the prescribe d
time nearly 81 the concessions which
had been demanded of her, with the
knowledge that Austria Hungary would
lose Its game, as long as it did not
take up the sword, if Serbia should
humble herself.
To my mind, Serbia could have made
the simple answer that it accented
all the points contained in the note,
and Austria Hungary would not have
declared itself satisfied (even though
it found itself in more painful sit :
uation). but would certainly have in
sisted just as it declared concerning
the actual concessions: The reply OF
Serbia was made in spirit of un-
truthfulness, in reality, Therefore,
was cyncism, mockery, arrogance.
In other words, as has already been
explained, AUSTRIA Hungary wanted
war with Serbia forthwith and at any
cost.
[Dr. Muehlon here speaks of the
murder of the pacifst in Paris as the
first act of the war, tells of the shut
ting down by the censorship of all
forms of public expression and de-
scrbes the enthusiasm with which the
people of Germany welcomed the OPEN
ing of hostilitles. He speaks of the
conduct of the public as "unclean,
rough and strange
AUGUST At is unseemly how
quickly frightful reports reach willing
ears. Germany is to be overrun by
spies. The people point out numerous
others as suspicious and proceed
against them daily. Unfortunately, off
cial requests have been issued calling
upon the people to aid the secret police,
and such requests have only too often
been the cause of mistakes. Numerous
German officers and soldiers were ar
rested because they were regarded as
spies in disguise. Since the undoubt-
edly incorrect announcement had been
made by the government that eighty
French officers travelling about in
automobiles and wearing Prussian uni
forms had attempted to cross the Hol-
land frontier, the people in their igno-
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Troops Plumber
And Steal

AUGUST 24-I have received infor.
nation from an officer that the sol.
dlers have seriously taken to plunder
and robbery, They invade homes, and.
while threatening their victims WITH
Continued or page seven
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01

factor without being one. That after
the crime of Sarajevo the Foreign
Office did not enter into touch with
the foreign government is 4 proof o.
the helplessness Of these oficiais.
Dr.. Muehlon then criticises the
Prussian diplomatic failure in Italy,
attacks the German propaganda beirg
carried on there and indicates his be,
lief that italy would join the Entente
Alliance. He discusses The doubtful
situation in Turkey and takes I'd ths
question Of Rur,arta
New-York tribune., 1918-07-01
Says Germany Hos Earned
World Hate and Distrust

learned from the gentleman whom |
have Just now described as friend OF
the Secretary of the Foreign Office that
the Emperor had expressed himself in
ths same way in his presence, just as
have stated it.
But, to my great surprise, it was not
admitted in the immediate circle fire
quented that war was at our door. 1t
was only eight days later when Che ex-
act wording of the Viennese note to
Serbia became known that the express
SONS on the subject of war changed
This note was one Of the severest one
could imagine. It contained the sever
est accusations against the Serbian
government and it contained demands
which scarcely any European state hsd
ever made on another.
Austria Hungary wanted the rupt-
ure with Serbia with no intervention.
In truth. the note contained only one.
sided declarations, by no means
proofs; gave no time tor investiga-
tlon, but demanded unconditional
subsection without debate. Now every
one saw clearly that Austria hungary
would act. and that it believed it
could secure respect for itself only
through brutal actions.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-06-30
By Lady Duff Gordon
("LUCILE"O

("L CILE"
THE millennium Of dress will arrive when
every woman chooses her clothes with
taste. according to her type.
The highest praise that can be spoken of
woman's attire is "She dresses perfectly her
type" The gowns which show you on this
page illustrate typical gowns.
The tall girl in the middle is Of the ex-
tremeIy modern type. Not for her artistic
gowns, multiple swathings of endless wells.
Nor the headdress Of nodding feathers. nor
the jewelled band. The Oriental embroid-
cries with their stories OF the civilization of
thousands of years, are not for her. But for
her the tailored, or semitailored, suit seems
TO have been invented.
For her the small close hat would seem to
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-06-30

ductiOn OF the dainty lace blouse Inal dCCO4l-
panies the suit
OF picturesque type is the dark clad figure.
There is something of the Egyptian in her pro
file Wherefore the gown of wells completed
by the long graceful scarf of the veil-like
substance. But even the Egyptian type
must furnish some foundation for gown of
wells. This has a firm foundation OF Silk
which reappears in the sash.
OF girlish type, yet of the kind that may
be termed dgni6ed, is the third specimen OF
well-dressed womanhood on this page. Her
gown belongs to the same order. 1t is girl
ish but Of a digniied girlishness.
Suppose the wearer were of the fluffy type.
She would require ruffles and bouffant eff
fects, a myriad of bows and sashes and
shower of lace knots, a deluge of tiny rose
buds.
Another is tall and just little-eyer so
Iittle-ponderous. Imagine the absurdity OF
this type dressed as fluffy girl does and
should! She would become a jest and by
word. Nothing so caricatures us as inept
dressing The tall girl, inclined little 10
ponderousness, should wear daSk stuf1s
plainly fashioned, and affect strong. clear
lines She will look her best in dark hues,
midnight blue or darkest green or brown OF
sombre shade or black Her hats should be
wide brimmed and low crowned.
There's a type call the springey girl. /
have given her this name because she seems
weightless. l see her as she moves down
Fifth avenue or Michigan Boulevard. as a bird
seems to fly low but clear the ground. She
seems to me not the Chicago nor the New
York girl but maiden of old Greece dane
ing on the sand beside the Aegean Sea. That
is not her veil that floats behind her. Greek