davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
HYDROPLA TO
GUARD BASE PORT
Huge Balloon Carries
Scouts on Look Out
for Subs.
AMERICAN

AMERICAN NAVAL BASE
France. Nov. 7.-Hydroplanes con-
stantly watch and guard this great
American port and the American
shipping approaching or entering II
10 prevent attack by submarines. One
of the planes lay on the water ready
TO start seaward as the correspondent
visited the harbor. 1t looked
very light and filmy for this desper-
ate work and its gray body gave it the
appearance of giant moth settled on
the water.
Overhead, 1.O0O feet up, swung a
huge lung-shaped balloon from the
basket of which a naval officer and
d sailor peered through marine
glasses.
They are on the lookout for sub
marines" said the escort Their
chief purpose is to report the where
abouts of a submarine, and the de-
stroyers do the rest by forcing it un-
DER water. Even if submarines are
off this port, they are practically help
less If we can keep them under wa
ter. II is only when they come to
the surface that they can launch their
torpedoes with full effect. Torpe-
does fired when the craft is under
water may lack direction to make
them dangerous. So that, after all.
the problem for the destroyers is to
keep the submarines under water, as
well as to destroy them.
on shore scores of hydroairplanes
were ranged in two vast hangers and
there were sheds for the balloons.
WhaIcbaclG TRANSPORT.
A big whaleback from the Great
Lakes was off to port and to star
beard was massive freighter.
''That is strange ship" said the
escort. You will notee she has no
upper deck or cabins. The whole
deck rolls back, like the roof of an
open-air theater and the deck be-
GENES an enormous open hatch. 1t is
like a huge open bowl with no OBJ
structions in lifting out the freight
The freight in this case was as cur
ious as the rolling deck. for it con-
sisted of Ss enormous Bogul locomo-
tives. all set up and ready to move
and with their tenders coupled. With
the deck rolled back, locomotives and
tenders were picked up by giant
cranes and swung around on the
nearby quay. Very soon these ioco-
motives Just out of the bowels of a
ship had steam up and were putting
off toward the front.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
EAST END TOWNS
WILD WITH JOY

Joy is reignIng supreme today in
an the towns Of the east end of the
county. Immediately on receipt of
the news at Freewater. Milton. Weston
ans Athena. the fire alarms were
sounded and large bonfires started,
and every conceivable instrument for
noise making brought into play. Au-
tomobile parties arriving here from
Freewater said the only safe way TO
reach their destination was to keep
moving, as all were being held up
and compelled to join in the jollifi-
cation.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
AnnIcrs to Aid state.

HOOD RIVER, Or. Nov. 9.-Hood
River sportsmen are joining hands
with the state game and fish commits
sion in the construction of diver
sion dam near the mouth of Hood
River to turn the water of the small
stream into the Columbia in a deep
channel and in a downstream course,
The new dam replaces a structulo
washed out last December. when un-
precedented freshets RACED down the
gorge.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
FRED BOOK HEARS
OF FATHERS DEATH

Fred Book Of this city, received
news this morning Of the death Of .hia
father. J. 9. Book Of Sterling, Illinois
at the age Of rs. Mr.. Book who has
been falling in health for some time.
Ia survived by nine children. One is
a soldier in France.
Mr.. Book was visitor at the
Roundup two years ago and also four
years ago, and was enthusiastic over
the big show. He intended visiting
his son this year during the Round
Up but his health would not permit.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Book will be
unable to attend the funeral because
OF the poor health of Mrs Book, who
Is recovering from an operation.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
INFLUENZA STRIKES !
HARD BLOW At PARIS

PARIS. Nov. 2.--In Paris during
the week ending today there were 1855
deaths, the greatest total since the be-
ginning of the grippe epidemic here
of the deaths reported 1853 were due
TO grippe and SIS to various diseases
of the lungs. During the last few
days the number of deaths reported
daily has been decreasing.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
LIFT LICENSE BAN
ON GIFTS TO OUR
BOYS WITH ALLIES

, WASHINGTON, NOV. IL
; Parcels post packages OF Christ
= mas gifts for American soldiers
, and members of civilian orsan-
, izations serving. with the British.
; French and other armies in the
, field against Germany will be
, accepted for shipment overseas
, UP TO November 20, and the
; senders will not be required to
, to furnish war trade board
, export license. Postmaster Cen
, eral Burleson has announced
, this ruling, which does not affect
, the special regulations madefor
, Christmas shipments to the Am-
; erican expeditionary force.
J. AA@ . . = . = .
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
FOLK AID
FOREST FIRE VICTIMS

The committee that has been rails
ing funds about Pendleton for the re-
lief OF those stricken insthe Minnesota
forest fires report the sum Of two
hiidred and five doyyars and fifty
cents tS2O5.50) which sum has been
sent to+the Finnish relief committee.
So4 Lonsdale Bldg, Duluth. MINI.
There is a sincere appreciation to all
those who have assisted in the giving
OF this aid. MAT DEFINING.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
SOCIAL and PERSONALS

Mrs. w. c. Cooper of Bend arrived
satnrday'to be a guest at the home OF
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. y. Brusha,
i13 Jackson street. She VIII remain
for two weeks.
Newcomers being welcomed In PEN
dleton are MIR. and Mrs. G. r. Shoiz
and their daughter Miss Catherine
Sholz and their daughter. Miss Cath
crime sholz. who arrived a fortnight
ago from Portland. Mr. Sholz Is state
superintendent of the Bankers Re-
serve Life Company of Omaha. They
are domiclled at 519 Blame street
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
Peasanls Hold RavarIa.

AMSTERDAM. NOV. 1.-The sSl-
dicFs and peasants council at Munich
now controls the whole administra-
tlon Of Bavaria. il was reported here.
Kurt EiseIer socialist newsIlaperman,
has been made premier and foreign
minister ssEt
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-11-11
Mary Scrapes Along
On $67O,0O0 a Year

The fact that Mary Pickford re-
ceives s6TO.O00 a year for her work in
moving pictures was revealed I'm the
supreme court through the testimony
OF Mrs Cora CarrinRton Wilkening'
theatrical and literary agent who is
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
STANDARDIZATION IS
PUSHED BY AUTO men
National Automobile c. of c. Ap-
points Committee for Purpose.

With a view to cooperating with
the government in conserving mate
rials. members Of the National Auto
mobile Chamber OF Commerce. In an
nual session last week, voted for the
appointment OF a committee to con-
slider what further Standardization
could be brought about in the manu-
facture OF automobiles and thus OBJ
viate the necessity for making and
carrying an excess number of parts.
Already the makers have standard
lied on treads at IS inches so that only
cHle width Of axles and tenders is re-
quired. while there has been great
Standardization progress in the sizes
or wheels. tires, rims, nuts. bolts and
magnetic bases, intake manifolds,
bearings and even cotter pins, the
number of which was reduced from
more than 800 sizes to 6.
Last weeks meeting returned to the
presidents chair again Charles Cliff
ton' head of the Pierce-Arrow Motor
Car Company, of Buffalo, and also
elected the following officers: Hugh
chalmers, vice president; r, d. Cha
pin. second vice president. passenger
car division: Windsor T. White, third
vice president, motor truck division;
H. H Rice. treasurer; c. C. Hanch,
secretary; Alfred Reeves, general
manager. and the following directors:
Charles Clifton, Pierce-Arrow; Wind
sor 7. White, White; R. II. Collins,
cadillac: c. c. Hanch, Studebaker,
Hugh Chalmers, Chalmers; John f.
Dodge. Dodge; Alvan Macauley, Pack
ard: William e. Metzger. Columbia; /;
J. Walter Drake, Hupp; Carl PeIton,
maxwell; R. E. Olds. REQ; H. II. Rice.
chevrolet; J. N. Willys, Overland; I;
Roy d. Chaplin. Hudson; C. W.
Churchill, winton.
Reports showed that the car build
ers are saving in the use of freight
cars by driveways more than one
third Of the production Of some Of the
big makers now being driven over the
roads to dealers.
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
Woman Registration Aids Munitions

the woman's registration in St.
Joseph County. Ind, has reported
to the State Council OF Defense a
call from a South Bend factory that
gave an opportunity to prove the
need and Importance of registra-
tion OF women for war wark. The
factory had a contract for a watch
like mechanism used in munitions
and employees Of unquestioned 10y
atty were required. BY means OF
the cards showing where women
unemployed but willing to work
could be found q number OF women
were selected and sent to the fac
tory.
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
TEXAS INDEBTED
TO MOTOR TRUCKS
Fulton Company Of Long Island
Supplies One Needed.

Texas owes a debt TO the motor
truck. II II were not for the thod-
sands Of trucks owned by Texas
farmers, cattle would die by the GERS
of thousands. according to figures
compiled by state officials.
Trucks are used for hauling feed
from railroad stations to the cattle
ranches. and in many cases take the
place Of railroads in hauling long dis
tances. In periods of long drouth.
water is hauled TO the thirsting cattle
and many ranchmen have been
known to transport their cattle by
truck from the dry areas to green
pastures.
There is hardly a cattle ranch or
farm in Texas that does not have
four or fve trucks. The small
truck, from one to two tons ca
pacity. has proved itself Of great
est utility.
On a recent visit to the southwest
farming lands. W. +. Melhuish, jr.,
president of the Fulton Motor Truck
Company, of Farmingdale, L. l., OBJ
served the trpck in all manner of
use around the. farms. In many
cases the truck was adopted as an
emergency measure to haul produce
to market, and farm supplies from
the city, when the railroads failed.
Mr.. Melhuish found the ton-And-a-
half truck. in which the Fulton Mo-
tor Company specializes. to be we'll
adapted to farm work. II Is best
fitted for travelling over the rough.
plowed-up fields in doing general
hauling about the farm, and more
economical in the longer hauls to
market.
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
Foch's Old Lecture Shows
How He Won at the Marne
Principles Outlined Show Definite Rule of
Strategy, Divided Into Three Phases,
Adherence to Which Brought Success.

on the fact that the main reserves
must be kept intact, whatever hap
pens.
Exhaustion Means Stalemate.
front and a trench stalemate Is
threatened, Foch declares: ITO re-
enforce the troops of the 'prepara-
ton to obtain this result (the de-
cision) would be without effect; the
trench battle, with its paralysis,
would recommence. Then is the time
to throw in the strategic reserve and
get the decision: il victory is won.
the ground lost, the sufferings en-
dured by the heroic troops who must
bear the brunt of the assault, do
not matter"
Foch is no theoretician who can
not put his theories into practice. In
the Marine campaign, he commanded
the Ninth army. Within the restrict
ed scope of his own command. he
observed the principle OF the prep
aration' and the decisive attack"
that he recommends below, and IL
carrying out today on the largest
scale ever known.
1t was the fifth day OF the battle.
The French we're being pressed back
everywhere; the army of Foch. IN
particular, in the center OF the line,
wavered and lost ground. On the
rest of the line. the reserves We're
engaged on both sides. Then, for
his own army, EGch decided that the
preparation was over. He would
pass to the execution" The story
goes that he wired Joffre, MY right
is routed; my left is retiring; I at
tack with my center" From that
instant, true or false, comes Foch's
nickname among his colleagues. "oId
J'attacqVei"
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
Victory Gained.

Into the line Foch threw. In a mad
charge. two absolutely fresh divisions.
the only unengagod divisions in either
French or German armies. and they
went through the Saxops like butter.
broke apart the armies of Won HdU-
sen and Won Buelow. threw the Prus-
sian Guard into the marshes of ST.
Gond, won the battle, saveu France.
compelled the German troops. victcri-
GUS everywhere else. to retreat all
along the line. The victory was due
to Foch's belief In his principles.
which made it possible for him 10
keep those divisions out of action
when the crisis of the battle had ap-'
rarcntly been reached and his own
men were u razor edge from disaster.
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
BY JOHN l.. BALDERsTON.

London, May 22.-In his lectures on
the principles Of strategy to his pupils
at the French High College OF War
/ in 1900. Maj. Ferdinand Foch made
clear his belief that everything in
battle must be shaped to lead up to
the decisive attack. He pointed out.
however. that IN practice most of
the fighting takes place during the
period before the supreme attack is
launched, and the preliminary strug-
gle used up most of the troops. II
Is in this preparatory phase that the
great battle Of 1918 remains at pres
ent. Because of the length of time
occupied by this stage. and the num-
ber of troops it engages, many SOL
diers as well as civilians have fallen
into the error of believing that 1t is
itself the battle The real battle,
Foch believes, is the decisive at
tackI' this present initial period only
! the preparation for the decision.
which when it comes may last very
short time.
| Throws Light on Situation.
In my translation below, from the
notes of the great strategist's lee
lures, have omitted only technical
! tiles and, illustrations suited to the
soldiers he was addressing, but not to
the Iayman. 1t is the period Of the
! preparation that 'Foch deals with
here. To attempt to dedUce from the
! generals reasoning his probable
| course Of action In the present battle
would be against the rules. but GER
tain phases of the lighting hitherto
obscure become clear In the light OF
these notes. to which the Germans
! have access, or would not translate
them
! We are officially assured that the
strategic reserve of the allies is
Z intact. At the same time, wherever
! the Germans have launched their
great attacks up to now. the Brit
/ ish have had to face overwhelm-
ing numbers with tired and deci-
mated divisions. Valuable ground
has been lost for want of reserves
+ Yet the fighting strength of the al
lies in the West is not appreciably
! less than that of the enemy. What
! is the reason for this situation
Why do our men have to face such
odds?
Gen. Foch tells us why below. He
could Scarcely be more explicit
were he writing at his headquar-
ters about this battle. There are
three stages to battle, the ''prepa-
ration" the execution" of the de-
cisive attack. and the exploitation
of the victory. In the division OF
his available troops, Foch tells us
| the commander must give to the
generals commanding the "prepara-
ton" only the number strictly
necessary" all the rest should be
reserved, the greatest number pos
sibls," for the attack when the time
! comes.
| In discussing the fighting which
takes place before the decisive at
tack, Foch. writing eighteen years
ago. describes with unerring fore
sight the battles on the front to-
day. He assumes that the leaders
! of the preparation" will attack as
much as possible; but he provides
for the stubborn defensive, varied
| ny local counter attacks, to which
the OutnumboTed allied generals
have been forced in this campaign
And he insists with all his energy
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
WASHINGToNS INCREASING
TRAFFIC PROBLEM.

The effect Of wartime activities Is
probably evidencing itself more upon
the civilian life of the Nations Capt.
tai than in any other city Of the
United States. Our quiet and dignifietl
lure has given way to every requisite
OF busy metropolis The steady
stream Of humanity which daily finds
a mecca in this melting pot of the
world has necessitated many changes
In civilian as well as military life.
The greatest problem which any Dis.
trict official has had to face has been
the problem of handling the increased
amount of traffic. With at least 100
per cent more automobiles and trucks
on the streets. it has been up to Mai.
RAYMOND Pullman, superintendent OF
metropolitan police, to make traffic
conditions as safe as they were In
"ante bellum' days. This he has ac-
complished. first. because of adequate
police regulations and. second, be-
cause his force is seeing that they are
carried out to the letter
Speeding and glaring headlights are
not the only motoring evils which are
not tolerated. Drivers Of ears In
Washington soon realize that they
-t0% NScP 1ASll OEdAcS III perfect con-
ditiOn- Maj. Pullman is one OF the
most prominent officials who are sup
porting the national brake inspection
movement. In order that this point
shall not be overlooked either through
carelessness or direct violation of the
law. he has one of the men of his
force make the watching of brakes his
special duty. This man is Lieut.. Al
bert ]. HeadIey.
Any time of the day You can see
Lieut.. Headley jump from his bicycle
and take up a position near one OF the
crowded downtown corners. II a car
cannot stop within a reasonable dis
tance, the driver soon finds himself at
the nearest station house. making an
explanation.
Lieut. Headley says that he con-
siders properly adjusted brakes the
one thing which stands between the
motorist or truck driver and fatality.
He is considering the adoption of the
thermoid brake inspection chart, Civ
ing the exact distance In which a car
should be stopped when equipped with
properly constructed brakes, as, for
example, the thermoid hydraulic COM
pressed brake Innings.
The District of Columbia police regu-
lations say that all cars must bs
properly equipped" and the depart
ment considers well made, and prop
erly adjusted brakes the most impor-
.tant part of the automobile equip
ment.
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
Sectional Boat Carried by Auto.

y sectional fiat-bottUm TowbOat is 4
new invention of special convenience
TO the sportsman who drives an auto
mobile. The craft, which is shown in
the Popular Mechanics Magazine. is
divided into three sections, each with
bulkhead ends. which can be nestsd
one within the other and carried on
the running board OF an automobile.
IT requires only few minutes to as
sembIe the parts and fasten them to-
scther by means of clamps and bolts
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16

says Mr.. Anderson. who quotes from
the Ttdsskrift for Industri." o
which. In discussing the possibiIitiei
OF aeetylene and alcohol illumina
uon. states: -Acetylene may now le-
gally be used and may be included IN
fire insurance risks. As q result ths
manufacture Of aeetylene lamps has
nourished greatly and at the end oi
the year iso types had been pr' -
the market"
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16

on the fact that the main reserves
must be kept intact, whatever hap
pens.
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
FULTON SHOWROOM
FOR TRUCKS OPENS

The only exclusively motor-truck
showroom on Connecticut avenue
northwest, has Just been opened by
the Fulton Motors Company. OF
Farmingdale. L l., which has estab-
lished elegant quarters at 1895 Con-
necticut avenue northwest with H.
B. Reid as local manager.
The place is declared to be one OF
the most handsome OF its character
in the city. and already has attract
ed a great deal of attention on ac-
count of its comprehensive display
OF these useful machines.
Included in their specially allur-
ing features. the trucks handled by
Manager Reid, with a carrying ca
pscity OF 5000 pounds. will be equip
ped with 4-cylinder motor, az =
inch bore. l. head type cast en- bloc.
S0-H. p. at 400 revolutions.
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
May Go Back 70 T.IIow Dip..

Denmark has q lighting problem
so serious that the Danish govern
ment recently purchased 400 tons Of
tallow from which TO make candles.
Commercial Agent Norman L. An
derson reports from Copenhagen.
There is a scarcity of kerosene
also and electricity is. OF course. not
available TO the isolated farmhouse" !"
The Washington herald., 1918-06-16
HOLDING OUT.
By Gen. Ferdinand Foch.

Whatever the future. all that has
been said on the philosophy of battle
and the deductions therefrom will re-
main fundamentally true. since the
same moral being. man, always fights
the battle. the same laws of mecnan-
| les rule the forces engaged.
Consequently, the different acts of
the battle must remain the same: q:
Preparation" Execution" and "ex-
pioitation" of the decisive attack.
The task of the command consists,
as in the past. in foreseeing these
phases from the beginning. and N
adopting a division of forces which
tend:
l. To protect ourselves from the en-.
emy. which means to oppose him.
wherever he shows himself, with
forces capable of ..oIding out all the
time that the preparation lasts:
.. To organize the decisive act, which
means to reserve mass of men, ready
TO strike unexpectedly, or to inter-
when the mass either attacks or
counter-attacks.
This division OF available troops. to
satisfy the principle of economy of
| forces, consecrates.
( strictly necessary,
To the execution, the greatest num-
Der possible.
To the exploitation. all forces that
still remain capable OF action.
Absolute Rules Impossible.
Absolute rules, according to nathe.
matical proportions, cannot be fixed
Il for this dfvfainta af he
the strength of the reserve, at the
supreme hour, especially, must evil
IDENTIFY depend upon the intelligence
one has at the moment about the
enemy, upon circumstances, and on
the temper Of the general who COM
mands.
The preparation extends to all the
dispositions taken with the object OF
making possible. orienting and pro-
tecting. the execution of that supreme
attack which constitutes the soul OF
the battle. 1t is the DEVELOPMENT OF
the idea of protection taken here IN its
largest sense, and to include provision
for cover, and the movement of troops
n.safety from the blows, of the enemy,
SO long as We are not in position ID
infiict blows on him and to strike him
hard.
The preparation" has for its frs,
object to furnish the command with
the information necessary for the
general to direct and execute, in fuII
knowledge Of what 10 going on, the
decisive act OF the tattle. Consider.
ed from, this point Of view, it com.
prises the search for the objective
to strike. the investigation of the
/ ground and Of the roads which lead
there, as well as the determination
Of the situation OF the enemy. II Il
evident that the ''preparation'' plays
a role. Of shaping the direction OF
the coming attack, and of infor-
nation. that continued until the
moment when the decisive blow is
executed. but sometimes this role ex-
tends back many days before the
battle begins II large units are
acting. armies for example. informa-
tion gathered in these preceding
days about the location and division
lof the enemy forces indicates al
once how We must divide and station