davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-03-20
DAVID NOTES-AUCTIONEER.

On Friday, March twenty-five, 1918,
at ore o'clock, P. NJ, will sell at pull
lie auction, at the workhouse, Lorton.
Virginia, forty-one District horses and
mites. Terms: Cash at time Of sale.
Trains leave Union Station at 7:39
and 1O:45 A. NJ, returning leave Lor-
ton at 5:3S P. NJ. By order Of the
commissioners. D. c.
y Twcedale, 2 G::tor, D. {.
67-3t
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-03-20
FLYER FORCED DOWN.
American Aviator Forced to Descend
Behind Enemy Lines.

Capt. James E. Miller, who may be
the first American officer to he cap
tured by the Germans, was forced
to descend" behind the enemy lines on
March 10, the War Department. an
nounces. Miller had previously been
mentioned in casualty lists as dead
or captured"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-03-20

655-td.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-03-20

Tardieu. is in desperate need Of &C.
reals. The plight of Italy is evea
more desperate. 1t is this condition.
i. is believed here, which prompted
England and the United States to IL
sist on haste in the acquisition Of
available Dutch tonnage, even at tn"
cost of action that might be inter
preted as hostile to Holland.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-03-20
Alexandria Cash Grocery Company
Cor King and Washington ST.
Cor. King and Washington St.

sincerely appreciate the splendid patronage winch
e friends that no reasonable eort WIZ
be spared that has them Good
groceries, courtesy low will maintained the motto at all times "
other words the service is possible to give
attention. we
also have roco Oeomane go 81 and plain Oemarger
at 49,
good quality only 26 cents No Standard Tomatoes 81
10 American cheese
Aou shoulders 81 Apcot 25 cents
can Moor Grape make half gallon e. Armours Hell
met peas II cents per Tuna Every day milk small size
cents Lobster, 80 cents
the best sold the city
anywhere the price, only ri cents pound
War Savings samp?Y Yes We Sc
ALEXANDRIA CASH GROCERY COMPANY
Southwest Of Alexandria, Virginia
(E5raWner Brothers stand)
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23

not only in the fact Of its being a decla-
ration by wise and experienced politi-
clan of women's stanchress and loyalty
in the war. 1t expresses also that out
look toward the future which views the
rise of women to power and influence as
one Of the great and splendid advances
of the war.
Women have played their part in the
war devotedly, ably. They bring to it
surely not less spirit of sacrifice than do
their men. They have shown in no coun-
try the smallest faltering or weakness.
Yet they will undoubtedly contribute
largely in the settlement Of the war to
the will for lasting peace which is the
hope Of all.
1t is inconceivable that in all these
vital concerns to be passed upon in the
near years the voice of women will not
be heard universally, effectively. We
commend the message Of the British
Premier to the especial attention of the
Senate. Are American women to trail
behind all the English-speaking women
of the world?
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
Mother Ships
To the Editor of The Tribune.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: While it is perfectly possible to design
and construct an airplane that can be flown
from, say, Newfoundland to the Azores, and
from there to France, the vast majority OF
airplanes are not capable of any such ex
tended flights. From the July Is issue of
"The Aerial Age Weekly" take the follow
ing account Of the giant Handley-Page
bombing aeroplane, which was christened
the Langley: "Without it's cargo Of
bombs, the machine weighs 5000 pounds, or
four and half tons, and to drive it re-
quires fuel consumption of approximately
sixty gallons an hour" This plane is
equipped with two Liberty motors of 400
horsepower each, which means that 400
pounds of gasoene can be consumed every
hour at full speed, since half pound Of
gasolene horsepower is about hghwater
mark for economy in Otto cycle engines.
So ten hours flight calls for not less than
1000 pounds Of fuel. 1t has been stated in
print that the maximum sustained speed Of
this plane is 100 miles an hour fully loaded.
Since the distance from Newfoundland to
the Azores Is not less than 1880 miles, it
would be fair to assume that at least 5000
pounds Of gasolene would be consumed in
flying this leg Of the course across the At
lantic; minimum time of flight, 1914 hours.
1t wouldn't be safe to carry only just
enough fuel for the trip at maximum speed.
Ships don't cross the ocean with only just
enough coal for the distance without set
back. Admiral Fiske, approaching the great
difficulty Of navigation in the air when far
from guiding landmarks, has brought to the
solution of the problem of flying across the
ocean his knowledge Gas sailor) of dead
reckoning" He makes use of clog" at
the end Of steel wire 1000 feet long,
trailing from the aeroplanc in the water,
which log records the speed of flight of the
plane just the taffrail log of any ship
gives speed through the water The actual
direction of the aeroplane's flight is given
by direction Of the 1000 feet steel wire that
connects the log with the aeroplane. In
this method of aerial navigation the aero
plane must fly close to the water-Admiral
Fiske specifies 100 feet as the proper alti-
tude. 1t is evident that some such device
must be made use of, since cross currents
of air may carry plane twenty or thirty
miles sidewise every hour, and without
some Indicator for side drift. at the end Of
ten hours the plane might miss it's landing
port by 200 or 300 miles.
This would appear to indicate the prac-
ticablity of placing Bogert mother ships
for airplanes at distances of 200 miles apart,
and by means of powerful searchlights in
dicating to the aviator the path he must
follow: when he lost one set of flashes he
would quickly pick up the next
JOHN L. BOGERT,
New York, Aug IA, 1918.
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
A Letter From
Mr.. Shonts
To the Editor of The Tribune


To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: My attention has been attracted bv
an editorial in to-day's issue Of The Trib-
une, which am sure you will gladly allow
me to correct.
The letter from Mr.. John Gambler Cobb.
to which you refer, has nothing whatever
to do with the Interborough Rapid Transit
Company, which is the lessee and operator
of the cty-owncd subways and PRIVATELY
owned elevated lines, Of which there never
has been and cannot be any hint of over
capitalization.
Mr.. Cobb is a director Of the New York
Railways Company, representing the inter
ests of the bondholders, and his letter re-
ferred to the surface or "green" cars which
are operated by that company.
No charge of overcapitaization Of the
New York Railways Company can stand
This company was formed on December 81
1911. 1t has therefore always been under
the jurisdiction of the Public Service Com
mission. All of it's stock, bonds or securi
ties of any description have as required bv
law, been authorized by the Public Service
Commission.
In the application of the New York Rail-
ways Company for an increased fare ws
have stated the facts squarey and fairly.
There can be no doubt as to the Justice Of
our appeal, as an examination of our books
by The Tribune any other interested
party will show.
SO much for the New York Railways Com
pany and Mr.. Cobb's view.
With respect to the nterborouph RAND
;ob
way and elevated lines in Manhattan and
The Bronx, there is popular idea that an
increase in fare will produce additional
compensation to this company. This idea
is mistaken.
portion of the company's contract with
the city provides that Of the gross revonue
of the combined system the COMPANY sha,,
first receive interest and sinking fund on
its invested capital and specified prefer
entail for coordnating the old and the now
leases, after which the city is to receive an
equivalent return on its investment This
preferential is cumulative and draws co,u-
pound interest. Therefore any surplus ra-
sulting from an increased fare would inure
to the benefit Of the city. enablno - N
hquidate any prefercntials alreadv accrued
save interest on subsequent accruals. and
by applying the balance to the interest IN
its ponds reduce to that extent the amount
to be raised by taxation.
Inc company would not. therefore. derive
any additional compensation over that Sc
cured under the contract with the city, but
the increase would enable it to meet tro
just demands of its men for higher wages
and properly maintain it's property.
1t would enable the company to earn its
prefercntials and interest currently. thus
enanl'ng 1t to effect economies that would
permit improvements of service.
T. P. SHONTS.
l65 Broadway, New York, Aug. %. 1918
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
Spy Stuff

The young man of New England who
was experimenting with new kind of
flashlight on Mount Washington and
therefor was arrested may be-probablv
is-entirely innocent. But he had not
notified any authorities of what he DUR
posed doing, and he has earned his ar
rest The authorities were entirely right
to lock him up first and investigate
afterward.
There are two dangers with respect to
spy stuff" One is that of the nervous
soul who sees spy behind every foreign
accent. The other is that of the cvnic
who, because spy rumors usually fail of
fact, SCOTS at the whole proposition.
There is a middle ground on which
Americans should try to stand. There ara
spies and German agents loose about us
AZ any Secret Service man can tell Won
We owe it to our country to keen our
eyes ana ears open and report PROMPTLY
any suspicious fact or acditious utter
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23

William Church Osborn, former chair
man of the Democratic State Commit
tee, possessor of means, education and
self-co ntrol, makes an acute political
observation on the Hon. Charles f.
Murphy, estimable leader of Tammanv
Hall. "Mr. Murphy" observes the Garri-
son statesman, who incidentally is an as
plrant for the Governorship, "has con-
troll of the organization, but he is not
and never has been leader. | have
watched him closely for fifteen years.
and he has never contributed an idea or
as far as l know, dollar for the bene-
TIT of the party" Here is an openinp
for the Good Ground statesman. Mod
csty would forbid him to volunteer tbe
information, but now that he is chal-
lenged in this manner, it will be proner
for him to tell what he has contributed
10 the Democratic party. Not in money
of course, not in money-but in ideas
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
Women and the War

In the stirring message which Mr..
Lloyd George sent to the Inter-Allied
Women's Congress at Paris there &C.
Cured these significant sentences:
"In the past have heard it said that
women were unfit to vote because thev
would be weak when it came to under
standing the issues and bearing tho
strains OF great war. My experience in
South Wales last week is what has con-
hrmed me in the belief that the women
there understand perfectly what is at
stake in this war. l believe they recop-
nize as clearly as any that there can be
no peace. progress or happiness in the
world 80 long as the monster of militia
rism 10 able to stalk unbridled and un-
ashamed among the weaker peoples.
ITO them this war is a crusade of right
eousness and gentleness, and they do not
mean to make peace until the Allies have
made it impossible for another carnival
Of violence TO befall mankind. am Ger
tain that this resolution Of the women of
South Wales IL but typical Of The spirit
Of the women Of the rest Of Great Brit
ain"
The excellence Of this summary lies
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
All in the DAVIS March
Eron, Tho /'bi,o.o r,.,l

VFTom The Chicago Trbuncl
we nave right to glory in the magnif-
cent spirit of our men at the front. Bnt
we owe it to them to understand what +bov
are doing, not to go into Mysteries over It.
Soldiers are already writing home to say,
Don't exaggerate what we are doing" To
our brave men nothing could be more dis
tasteful than to expose them to the disre-
gard OF their veteran comrades by blowing
about them in the fashion said to be Ameri
can The splendid lighting they have lust
done needs no oratory to advertise it. We
can glory in it nteligently, and that means
that we shnl let no f'ag waving demagoeuo
Mi US with poison gas for his own profit
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23

the present capacity of motive power and
rolling stock is being scientifically in
creased not only by increasing the car
load and train load but by sending the
traffic over the shortest and least resistant
routes without regard to the caprice of the
shipper. Moreover, the large number Of
locomotives required by General Pershing
for military operations in France have been
given priority and have prevented locomo.
tive works from delivering promptly ths
engines ordered for the railroads.
In several cases the distance that freight
in transit between two important cities
formerly travelled has been shortened By
from 200 to 500 miles, and in one instance
recently some 1890 cars carrying freight
between two Western cities were within
period Of sixty days re-routed so as to
effect saving of 1875 miles in the mileage
travelled by each car. This was the equiva-
lent of 1,754,644 car miles, which at cents
car mile means saving of s1O5,27S.
AS TO the alleged movement of freight
by motor truck it can only be said that ths
government is moving regular freight and
passenger trains promptly notwithstanding
the extra tax imposed on its facilities by
troop movement now averaging 100000
men per month, that there is no freight
congestion or delay, that the cars supplied
to the coal mines are now in excess of ths
daily loadings, and that if shippers are
sending their goods in unusual quantities
by motor truck, which is not provable and
is doubtful, their action is not the result
of lack of railway transportation.
in fact. the railroad administration has
of late been urging merchants to take ad-
vantage of the present carrying ability of
the railways to stock up against their win
ter's needs when weather conditions make
train operation more difficult.
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23

ance. Most suspicious fail of proof nat
urally. But that is no possible reason for
treating the whole question of spies as
joke and refusing to do ones share.
Common sense can keep us from becom-
ing excited over trivialities. Loyalty can
keep US from refusing to help our coun-
try solely because the service asked is
bother and produces results only in the
exceptional case.
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23

The healthful tang of chill which
gives the suburban dweller renewed
vigor after sunset suggests also the ap-
proach of winter. The hint is empha-
sized in the mornings when, on his way
to the train, he hears the coal shooting
into his neighbors' bins. Although it IS
no longer cool, he shudders, for he
knows that Mr.. Neighbor ordered his
coal last March, and is now getting a
promised wo-thirds of his needed sup
ply, while he who shudders ordered his
only month ago, and is No. GIG on the
list for delivery. There remain in the
cellar the fragments of the ton brought
home last April by the iceman, who
charged SIS for the favor The coal it.
self was $12. All the horrors of last
winter come back, and he shudders
again, for he has morbid fears that next
winter will be worse. His coal dealer
gives him little cheer. He has promised
that if he has the coal, and he has reason
to believe that he will not have it, Mr..
Householder will not be allowed to
freeze. Well, Foch is still pushing the
Huns back, anyway.
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
The A 3 G. of War Taxation

Most people, most congressman. and
perhaps even Mr.. Claude Kitchin, think
of war taxation in much the same terms
as they think Of ordinary peace-time
taxation. That is, their thought is very
largely to graduate the tax according to
the ability to pay. In the case of Mr..
Ktchin, and a great number Of others,
there is, besides this, an unconcealed will
ingness to limit wealth and level profits
for social reasons. But that is another
matter In point of fact, raising the need
full money may come to be the least i'm
portant part of wartime taxes. Levying
taxes, as everybody knows, may have two
functions, a plain assessment for the
needs Of the government or, at the same
time, deliberate intent to accomplish
quite other ends-sometimes commercial,
sometimes punitive. Examples of puni-
tive taxes are those on oleomargarine,
on state bank notes and the like. The
tax on state bank notes, for example, is
so heavy as simply to put this form Of
currency out of existence
Now, in war time this extra or eco
nomic function of taxation is a very
large function. Rightly used, it may be
of enormous benefit. This function is to
discourage the wild extravaganza and
high living which a war of any duration
invariably brings on. 1t is not, as many
think, just plain business matter. A
tax of billion or ten billion dollars
does not merely take that amount from
the public pocket and reduce the public
spending by this sum. It's effect is enor-
mously greater. The effect is on the
mind. 1t IS, as we are coming to say,
psychological. Everybody knows how
deeply paying heavy taxes can passion
the human soul. 1t cuts very deeply.
We feel poor
Mere high prices have no such effect.
In three years the cost of living in this
country has very nearly doubled Has
this brought any considerable decrease
in the actual consumption of food and
clothing, motor cars, movies and all the
like? 1t has not. 1t has had exactly
the opposite effect. 1t has increased con-
sumption. Everybody is flush. The
small part of the population that has
had to save has been counterbalanced
three or four to one by those who are
now making more than they ever made
before in their lives. The result of
this increased spending is to drive prices
higher and higher and, among other
things, to more than double the cost of
the war. The present indications are
that this cost will continue to rise stead
lily, because there seems only one ef-
fective way to reduce this excessive
spending, and that is to impose drastic
taxes on the main items Of national ex-
penditure.
A direct tax of five or six billions
on the main necessities of popular con-
sumption would easily reduce the nations
unnecessary consumption of goods by, we
should judge, two or three times this
amount. If the Treasury were to take
$100 out of every thousand dollars of
everybody's income it would go further
toward producing thrifty nation than
any other measure that could be devised.
1t would be irksome But it would cut
down the after burden Of the war enor-
mously.
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
The Categorical
Refutations

Of the otser items in The Trbunes in
dictment OF government operation of the
railways it may be Remarked:
ID That the advance in the cost Of transpor.
tation is less than the advance in wages and
the price of almost every other commodity that
society requires.
t2) That through bills of ladng for export
cannot be issued because the government has pre-
empted the ocean and there is no assurance
that the goods can be forwarded upon arrival at
the scaboard.
go That competition between the railroads
no longer exists there is occasion for COM
petitive solicitors and ticket Offices and that
their abandonment will the railroads about
S23OOo000 annually.
Ni) lhat the govern nnent is not authorized 70
extend credit to copsignees for the freight they
owe when the goods delivered, and that IL
cannot exceed its legal authority.
Coz That new and simplfed classification
and rate book has been prepared and will %
effective and available as soon as the shippers
themselves approve il.
CO That continuance of the package car
service would have involved a wasteful use OF
facilities that needed for the winning OF ths
war, and
90 That if shippers were allowed to sele''
the routes by which their freight would be car
ried the efficiency and economy that are shown
TO have been secured by re-routing could no'
have been obtained
To this categorical refutation OF the
grievances alleged by complainants whose
attitude reminds one OF the couplet when
runs,
The good old times.
All times good when old
and suggests that they are 20 be classea
with the chronic reactionaries and opp'-
nents OF progress, | can only add tnA'
two months close study of what has pee'
and may be done under unified manage
ment toward increasing the sewiceaple EN-
cheney OF the American railways convineeS
me that the wisdom OF the Presdents >
action in taking over the transports'io"
facilities of the country will be cum"'"
lively demonstrated az the years roll ps'
Washington, Aug. 20. 1918.
New-York tribune., 1918-08-23
Tanks. Tanks, Tanks!

l00k8, dI1kS, oAAho'
Every mornings dispatches bring
new word of the tanks victories. Tanks
Lead British Drive" read yesterdays
headline. The opening of the battle was
thrilling.
"a sudden crash of guns of all cali
bres just as day was breaking. Great
pillows of thick fog, such as are seen
only on this side of the Atlantic, hung
tank crews could scarcely see hum
dred feet ahead of them, and the flare
of countless blazing cannon was
smothered, while explosions from their
mouths rolled up into a continuous,
deadened roar.
Gas tanks and men followed behind
the sweeping barrage, the atmosphere
became even more thick, for mixed
with the fog were great banks of
smoke from innumerable shells, fired
for just this purpose of increasing the
protecting screen"
The Germans made desperate resist
ance. But when the tanks arrived on
the scene they charged into the enemy
posts, quickly transforming them from
strongholds to SHAMELESS" The narrative
goes on:
"The Germans held out courageous
lv. But their courage avaied them
cothing in the face of the great tanks,
which dipped in and out Of shellholes
sind across old trenches that have seen
of the wars fercest fighting,
and the smaller whippet tanks and ar
mored cars, which sped over the
ground at high speed"
This is the new warfare. 1t may be
a vital thing in the kind of warfare that
will make an end of war.
1t is calculated that one soldier with
modern machine gun is equal to--de-
pending on the position and character Of
the fghting-anywhere from five to fif-
teen infantrymen. It is likewise calcu-
lated that-depending on the character
Of the ground, the nature of fortiication
and the character of the fighting-one
man in tank is worth anywhere from
large tanks with seven to ten men may,
under just the right conditions, be worth
half regiment of plain infantrymen.
Thus does machinery multiply the
might of man.
Now that the advantage of this new
weapon has been so brilliantly demon
strated, the Germans will probably bend
their energies toward the quantity pro-
duction Of tanks. They did this with
airplanes. They have done it with every
device that has been found to offer any
kind of military superiority
Let it be remembered that the tank
producing capacity Of Germany, meas
ured by the country's general capacity
for machinery production, is greater than
that Of France and England combined.
Germany was producing and probably is
now producing more steel than England,
France and Italy combined. If, there
fore, the Allies are to have an over
whelming superiority of tanks they must
come from the United States. They can
be built very quickly. They require
neither the dehcacy of construction nor
the bulky packing for the ships which
aeroplanes require.
AS they say in Missouri, making tanks
is where we live. Our capacity for that
job is practically unlimited. Gangway
for the tank builders!