davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06

San Francisco.-The reconstruction
committee created by the last con-
vention of the California state fedora
ton of labor, has made it's report and
has forwarded copies of same to af-
filiatee. Among the first declarations
is the following:
"Our real test is just now begin
ming, and it will be the most mo-
mentous that our state and nation
has ever faced. The coming of peace
at this time gives US preponderant
share of the power and prestige of
victory while it saves us from pay
ing anything like the frightful costs
that have been borne by other bel
ligerents. All of our industries
have been speeded up and greatly
strengthened; wastes and ineffi-
ciencies have been eliminated; our
productive capacity has been enor-
mously increased. California and the
other Pacific coast states now lead the
world in the production of tonnage.
Our resources of labor and utilized
resources have been increased while
those of the other countries have been
diminished. We have practically
everything that the world needs, and
we alone among all the industrial ma
tions seem to be in position to eX-
port in vast quantities the materials
needed for reconstruction.
"For this reason the California
state federation of labor can see no
possible excuse for the cry that wages
shall be reduced to the pre-war stand
ard or that working hours shall be
heightened"
The program contains these recon-
mendations:
Demobilization-"We welcome and
invite to our councils representatives
of the returned soldiers and sailors
as soon as they are in position to
take up matters of mutual interest
1t is suggested that the govern
ment "plan carefully in the work
attendant upon the rehabilitation OF
these great forces and the effect
thereof upon the nations industries
J to the end that panic shall not pre-
vail"
Organizing the Unorganized-"We
cannot too strongly urge the neces-
sity of carrying on this work with
greater energy than ever before"
Shorter Work Day-A demand fol
a work day not exceeding eight hours
is made, with a further reduction ir
any industry where unemployment
exists cor where conditions are such
that even eight hours of work tends
to exhaust and devitalize those en-
ployed."
Cooperative Organizations - "Tht
failure of sporadic and Indifferent
efforts at cooperative organization
should not be permitted to outweigh
the great advantages inherent in CO.
operation"
Workers are advised to use then
liberty bonds and war savings stamps
as a basis of credit in the formation
of these cooperative enterprises.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
r. R. Unions Recognized

Washington.-In an order issued by
Director General of Railroads Nc
Adoo an agreement entered into by
regional directors for the railroads
under government control and the in
ternational unions of railroad tele-
graphers, railway clerks, switchmer
and maintenance-of>way employees is
indorsed. The agreement will be g
blow to the little organization move.
ments encouraged by company of,
ficials.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
HOLD YOUR LIBERTY BONDS

Of the many millions of acres of
public lands the title of which is in
the Federal Government, the United
States owns some 53,OOO,OOO acres of
coal lands.
To exchange a United States Lib
erty bond for stock in a coal company
of doubtful value is not sound finance.
Safety first is a good business motto
for Liberty bond holders,
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Electricians Advance

Washington.-The national war la
Dor board has ruled in the case Of
electricians employed on Duluth and
Superior ore docks that the daily
wage for a 10-hour day on October
last shall be the rate for an eight
hour day.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Advance Car Mems Rates

Washington.-Street car men en-
ployed by the Charleston Consolidated
Railway and Lighting company have
been awarded these rates by the ma
tional war labor board:
For the first three months of serv-
ice, SO cts. an hour; next nine months,
38 cents, and 40 cents thereafter.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Strong Union Contract

Springfield, Ill.-A contract between
the National Zinc company and local
No. 1877 of the International Union of
Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers pro-
vides for union recognition. No en-
ploye shall be permitted to work un-
less he has a paid-up union card.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Steel Workers Unite

Pittsburg, Pa. = Officers of the
Amalgamated Association of Iron,
Steel and Tin Workers report that
two locals have been organized in
Joliet, ILL.,, and one each in Gary, Ind,
and Spamows Point (BaltimOrel, Md,
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Clay Miners Raised

Shawnee, O.-Workers engaged in
the clay mining industry have raised
wages from 46 to so cents an hour.
Rates now range fom $5 to So day.
These workers are affiliated with the
United Brick and Clay Workers.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Railway Clerks Gain

Mobile, Ala. = The Mobile & Ohio
and Southern railroads have signed a
working agreement with the Brother
hood of Railway Clerks. About 1900
employees are involved in an under
standing that includes overtime and
working conditions.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Raise Wages Sc a Week

Westinghouse wage increase of
Sc week has been awarded members
Of local No. %, international Printing
Pressmen and Assistants union, by
the national war labor board.
The award amounts to 25 per cent
increase in wages.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Brick Workers Gain

East Peoria, Ill.-Local No. 255 of
the United Brick and Clay Workers
has secured the eight-hour day and
increased wages. The minimum for
day workers is As cents an hour and
60 cents for kiln firemen. Piece work
ers are also advanced.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
To Restore Seniority

Washington. - The United States
railroad administration has ordered
that soldiers and sailors who desire
to return to their employment on gov
ernment controlled railroads shall be
given their seniority wherever practi-
cable.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Printers Raise Wages

Miami, Okla. - The Typographical
union has raised wages 81 week. The
new scale for newspapers and and
commercial shops is $25 a week for
day work and $27 for night work.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
WAGE INCREASES
Gains in Wages Made by Organized
Labor Throughout the Nation
Web Pressmen Gain

New York-Printing pressmen who
operate the big web printing presses
in daily newspapers in this city have
secured an increase.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Iron Workers Organize

Atlanta, Ga.-Workers in the iron
and steel industry in this city have
organized and are chartered by the
Amalgamated Association of Iron,
Steel and Tin Workers..
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
LABOR'S PROGRESS
Advances Made and Better Conditions
Secured All Over the Country
Vacation with Paw

Washington.-After the first of the
year employees of the telegraph COM
panies, now controlled by the govern
ment, will receive annual vacations
with pay at their regular ratings.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Girls Wages Raised

San Franciso.-Girls employed as
cracker packers have secured a wage
increase of 25 cents day. The girls
are members of the Cracker Packers
union
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06
Negro POrters Unite

New Orleans.-A union of negro
Pullman porters has been organized
in this city with 92 members. 1t is
chartered by the A. F. of L.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1918-12-06

Official Organ of Organized Labor
LOCAL VOICE OF THE AMERICAN
FEDERATION OF LABOR
Subscription price, $1.OO per year
Single copies cents
INVEST IN THRIFT STAMPS
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1918-05-03

eagerly drink their words" Joseph
ben Johanan was as intensely anti
Hellenistic and patriotic, as his col
league, and his favorite teaching,
rejecting his piety and charity as
a faithful member of the Hasidim,
was: LET thy house be opened
wide, and let the needy be it's mem
bers, and hold not much converse
with woman"
These two were followed by
Joshua ben Perahyah and INITIAL of
Arbela. When John Hyrcanus broke
with the Pharisees, Joshua, as one
of their leaders was deposed from
the presidency Of the Synhedrin, and
for time took refuge in Alexan-
dria. He returned when the Phari-
sees were restored to power. There
is tradition that Jesus was one of
his pupils. The favorite saying of
Joshua was: "Get thee a teacher,
win thee a comrade, and in thy
judgment of men presume them in
nocent." Of his associate in office,
INITIAL of Arbe1a little is known be-
sides his favorite saying: Remove
from bad neig'hbor, don't asso-
ciate with the wicked, and don't
think thyself free from divine chas-
tisement."
These two were succeeded by Ju-
dab ben Tabbai and Simeon ben
Shotah. The former had been
among those who had escaped to
Alexandria from the prosecutions of
John Hyrcanus. His colleague was
a brother Of queen Salome Alex
andra, and when the two were
placed at the head of the Synhedrin,
and enjoyed the confidence and sup
port of the queen, they lost no time
in recognizing the high tribunal,
putting the Pharisees in full con-
troll, and inaugurating the interpret
tation and development of the law
in accordance with their principles
and doctrines. All the activities and
all the enactments of these two lead
ers show their opposition to the
Sadducees. Simeon gave special at
tention to the establishment of pub
lie schools and the spread of popular
education. The deep concern of
both about the proper administra-
ton of justice is reflected in their
favorlte maximos. Judah's was:
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1918-05-03
THE SYNHEDR1N AND THE FIVE PAIRS"
By DR.. S. N. Denard
By DR.. S. N. Deinard.

The highest tribunal and legisla-
tive body of the Jewish nation dur
ing the second commonwealth was
known as the Great Synhedrin, or
the Great Court, that held it's SEES
sions in a part of the Temple de-
signated as the Hall Of Hewn
Stone" 1t was composed of seven
ty-one members who were chosen
from among the priests, the Scribes,
and leading scholars. According to
tradition this Synhedrin was the
outgrowth or successor of the Great
Assembly first organized by Ezra
the Scribe and it continued as the
chief ruling body of the Jews even
after the downfall Of the state until
the end of the fourth century, the
great academies of Yamnia, Usha,
and Tiberias, each in turn, being
constituted and functioning as such.
! The Synhedrin had two chief Of
hcials, the Nasi or Prince, who was
the presiding officer, and the Av-
beth-din, or Elder Of the Court, ex-
eroising the function Of vice-presi-
dent. The first five generations Of
these functionaries of the Great
Court occupy a special position in
rabbinic literature as the five "Pairs'
(ZugOth) or Duumviri. Thew were
the spiritual leaders of the people
during the stirring events of the
Maccabean and Herodian periods.
Jose ben Joezer of Zeredah and
Joseph ben ohanan of Jerusalem
are the "Pair" that head the list
Of the former we know that he
belonged to priestly family, was
a member of the party of the Hast
dim, the jealous opponents of Hell
linism, at the beginning of the Mac
cabean struggle. That probably &C
counts for his declaration that heath
en- countries were "unclean', so that
Jews might not live there, and that
glass vessels, probably because
manufactured in such countries,
were also unclean. Otherwise he
was known as liberal interpreter
of the law. His generation for
scholarship and learning is attested
by his saying, quoted in the les
sons Of the Fathers: LET thy
house be a meeting place of the
wise; cover thyse1f with the dust
Of their feet follow them), and
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1918-05-03
St. Paul and Minneapolis 3, 1918.

giants are before thee, consider both
as guilty; when they depart, con-
slider both as cleared, if they have
accepted thy verdict" Simeon's
was: Gross examine the witnesses
carefully, and address them guarded
ly, lest from thine own words they
learn to speak falsely"
Their successors in the two high
offices were Shemaiah and Abtalion,
contemporaries of Herod the Great
According to tradition both were
of Gentle descent 1t is more likely
that they were originally Alexan-
drian Jews. During the troublous
times that began for the Judeans
with the accession of Herod these
two chiefs of the Synhedrin were of
the moderate and peace-loving
party, and they took little part in
the political affairs of the nation.
Their attitude is reflected in their
favorite sayings. Shemaiah said:
love handicraft, shun power, and
cultivate no intimacy with the poll
tical authorities" Abtalion's saying
was: "Wise men, be guarded with
your words, lest we be condemned
to exile, to a place of bad water
(metaphorically for false ideasO,
of which your disciples will drink
and die, and the name of God will
thus be desecrated"
The fifth ''Pair", the most illustri-
Gus of them all, were Hillel and
Shammai. FIillel is the nob1est
character of all the great spiritual
leaders of those times. Wise en-
actments, intended for the improve
ment of the peoples social and
economic life, are credited to him.
His Interpretation of the law was
characterized by moderation and
mildness, in which he was followed
by his disciples, in contradistinc-
ton to the method of his colleague,
Shammai, and his school. He was
a model of gentleness, patience, and
other saint virtues, and in many
respects he was compared to Moses,
and also to Ezra the Scribe, who
like himself was originally a Baby
lonian Jew. It was he who to
heather summed up the Jewish law
in the words, "What is hateful to
thee do not to thy fellow man; this
is the whole Law; the rest is but
commentary" Among his other
sayings are: "Be of the disciples
of Aaron (the high priest), loving
Continued on Page 593)
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
. NEW JERSEY RED CROSS.
Annual Nee ting Of Penn's Grove-Car-
ney's Point Branch.

The annual meeting Of the Penn's
GrovcI nrncy's Point Branch, SaleU
County Chapter American Red Cross,
was held at the dn Pont Club, Riverbank,
Carncy's Point, on Monday, November
%, with i6 members present The
following officers were elected for the
year lalS-l0l9:
Chairman, Charles j.. Wood; vice
chairman, X. RI. Burns; secretary,
Walter Edgar; treasurer; II. +. Willis,
vice chairman, in charge OF Penn S
Grove work rooms, Mrs ID. v sum
merrill, Jr; vice chairman, in charge OF
Carncy's Point workrooms, Mrs. j.
Arthur Johnson; vice chairman, III
charge of Pcdricktown workrooms.
Mrs. II. &. Smith.
An executive committee of hity mem
bcrs representing the various resident
districts were elected and will bc nn
nounced next week. This committee
will hc called together at an early date
aud the standing committees Tor the
wear appointed. The delegates for an
nual meeting to be held at Salem were
elected There IL considerable work Ia
he done during the year and the mem
brrs are urged 10 renew their interest.
Garment work has hcen requested Nv
tho chaptcr: some OF this may bc done.
Mt home. Mrs II G. Irons who has
been in charge OF the tarncys Point
work rooms has retired after sixteen
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
OLD FASHIONED TEA
FOR CONSTIPATION
Brew it Yourself at Home.

Probably the best remedy you can tatc
or cloqpcd M bowels and sluggish liver
Is one ,hnt costs very little and accom-
pllyhrs much
Fur many rrqr. Dr Carriers h and II.
Tca L.,4 brrn ,>.d hy tens of thousands
t. Keep 'hc towels regular and the whole
-yStcIn IN tinc condition.
VII, not gc' small parkage Of this
condo, vet ~ur, acting bowel regulator
and -yttc'n tunle. aud brew y c,ipiul inr
\ n.rzrlf rvcrv night Tor week or two
Nur'll surely be gratefully surprised ri
the benefit you gel and vii p-als" Dr
Cartcrs II aud Il. Tea ~ YIN friends.
It, hnc for Inc little folks and thcy like
II All druggists sell II
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
QUESTIONNAIRE HOWLERS
Samples of Smile-Compclling An
swers That Brought Uncon-
scious Humor Into War.

Relatives of soldiers who apply for
allotmcnts ut the War Risk Bureau in
New York and other cities must fill out
form which contains 25 questions. II
is then forwarded to Washington to he
entered Mt the Pay Department. The
following are specimens of the quaint
answers written by the applicants which
have been selected by IN official at the
New York Branch of the War Risk Bureau
81 amt got no book lurnin and am
writing for inflammation.
''She is staying Mt dsapatcd house. I"
''.Iust a line to let you know | am n
widow and four children"
Previous Ia his departure we were
married by Justice of the Piece
"tle was inductcd into the surface ="
Il have a four months baby and he Is
my only support
Il was discharged from the Army for
Il gnittrc, which was sent home on
Il did not know my husband had n
middle name, and Il he had ! don
believe it was None
II am left with n child seven months
old and she is my only support
You ask for my allotment number
have four boys and two grls
Please return my marriage certificate,
baby hasn eaten IN three days
Both sides of our parents are old and
poor
You have changed my little boy to
a little girl: Will II make any difference
Dear Mr.. Wilson | have already
written to MIR Headquarters, and now If
don't get any reply from YOU | am
going to write to Uncle Sam himself
II received my Insurance polish and
have slncc moved my Post Office
The following IS an extract from
hoy letter 10 his mother which She
sent to the War Risk bureau 20 cstab-
Ish her identity II am sitting IN the
y. NJ {. \. writing with the piano
playing III my uniform
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
MIGHT WEAKEN THE FIRM.

Two brothers once rnn n store in n
small Western town, where they had
quite "A large trade in wuol on barter
One Of the brothers became converted nj
revival and urged the other To follow
IN his footsteps
you ought TO join, Jake" said the
converted one. "You don't know how
helpful and comforting il is To he n rnem-
Der OF the church.
II know, Bill, admitted Jake Thought
fully. IAN ! would like To join, but
don't soc how | can
Why not2'' persisted the first What
is 10 prevent YOU
Well, it's jcs' this way, Bill de
clared Jake There has got To be some
body IN The firm to weigh this herr wool. .
Philadelphia Telegraph
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
Stops Any Cold
In a Few Hours
Pape's Co d Com poun d.
Opens Ciogged Nose and
Head and Ends Grippe.
Relief oomc- instantly

Relief cnfnea INSTANTLY
a dose takon rvrry t,gn hours until
three duaes ~" taken will ond g,lprt
mmnry mud break 4p seyerc cold clihfr
in tht head. chest. budy ~ lHnba
u promptly or,eps cloqged-,p noatrs
nnd ar pas1uoe ia lhc head totc nests
discharQc or noac runpiug, relieves -ifk
headachc. dnlneee. lcyrrehDras. s1rt
thruat qnrczing. sDrencsa md atruese
Dun't staV s'uFodpp' gut bipPins
md uuG1ngi Faao YDp- thfDhtarp
hcad' Nothing elsc IN tbr eyrlj piyt.
aJrh prompt relof a7 Papt pid { auI
pound thrh r9e's only ~ rut
nt ony drug store u ar' w'hJut ass,v'
ancr TASTES nice. - gees 80 lueau ..r-
lencr. 10 surc you get tba gcaaiur
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29

Tho minister's little son was struggling
with h's home lessons, and happened 10
remark 10 his father that the teacher had
told tim that ''congrcgatc" and collect"
meant exactly the same thing
Quite wrong, SAID the father, "q,ntc
wrong Tell your ten her there Is all the
difference IN The world between a con
gregat ION and collection London
Answers
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
YESTERDAYS FOOTBALL SCORES

Penn, 2l; Dartmouth. o.
Pitt, IS; Penn State 9
Swar,bmore. :. Pennsylvania NJ. G., @.
Camp Crane, 70, Lchigh 0
Mineola 21; Laiayette,0.
Foriham, IA; Georgetown,
MuhIenberg. 10; Ursinus, 0.
NebraaE+ka. o; Notre Dame, 0.
Hog Island, "a; West Overbrook, d
Norristown High. 93: Pottstown, 0.
Chester High, is; Villa Nova Prep, 0,
T. and NJ, 9; Gettysburg, 0.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29

months active work. Expressions Of
appreciation for her good work were
made by those pcsent and general
meeting OF the Branch proposed to
review the work Of the district will be
arranged for. Tho officers elected re-
quest the corporation Of all members
and residents that this much needed
work nay proceed successfully.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
BY " alt Mason.
THE Dt MP

And how VIC max behold, ms
. frieudS. where cons -iencclce> am
bition ends Fiyc wear ago the
Kaiser sat, with eagles on his golden
hat, The ruler Of mighty state, in
industry and commerce great Tho
Kaiser might have sad. 'Gcc whi1'
How prosperous my country -
Tho credit I'll receive, no doubt,
when death has put me down and
out 10 future ages men Will crv.
How sd that Naiser Pill should
die Our countrN-'S never been tn.
saIne since he Gashed in and qui,
the game 10 other kaiser had his
pep. and NC so backv ard step by
step. They ii bless my name till
stine j. done, and chaos shall IN
gulf he sun But Kaiser Wilhelm
sal alone, upon his iargc npholstcr-
ed throne, and snid ITS not
enough for me, this graft q ruling
Germany. i Il too small and
cheap stunt fnr onc With my
majestic front Thc whole blamed
world must kngrklc down and
trerble az my war lord frowu
Ny ships mus boes the seven seas.
my banners float IN every breczc.
And now we see the kalscrs end
there's none SO poor 10 call him
friend And men will gather round
bis grave, and say. He was both
fool and knave With world-do-
ninion dream III fooled. and
wrecked The lniehlA l:nd hc ruled
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
naden Rrenks From Emnirn.

~ Associated Press To Every Evening
I.onddn, Nov %. Thc Liberal party
IN paden hny sened proclamation dc
fDanding complete trench wi'h Rcrliu,
according 10 an Fxchnnae i 'o9riph
Dispatch from tpponhngcu
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29

Tho docks at Bristol arc Owned by
tho city md administered hy cofn-
mittee appointed by the city council.
They can accommodate tho largest
steamers and are well equipped, heing
provided with storage and warehouses;
Of all kInds
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
MUCH IN LITTLE.

William Townsend. of Sanford, Me,
70 years old, says he can stin musk
rat in 40 seconds. and has skinned eieht
foxes in 40 minutes One night. he saya,
he caught 10 muskrasa, for which he
was pnid 81 10 apiece.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29

With the harvesting Of larger than
usual potato crop IN Denmark. the
alcohol manufacturers are obtaining per
misaon 10 resume l,tssiness on some
what larger scale and expect 90 make
500, 600 gallons, compared with 600 600
gallons last wear
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29

Ireland grows more food for Great
Britain than FOR homo consumption
even proportionately 20 the pOpula-
tion, and is m essential base FOR the
British food supply Although having
only 10 per cent of the population, 80
per ceni If the Cattle and 20 per cent
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29
MEMS TIES

bst@1N - aA~~e
One of the faults of Christ
mas neckwear is color. This
you will find is not the case
with these. They are ties
that men themselves buy,
and most reasonably priced
in three groups al 59c, Csc
and 100.
LADIES' GLOVES
Always appropriate; al
ways acceptable; always
useful. Early heavy purchas-
ing makes these enphatically
worth much more than they
are priced. Chamoisette
gloves S5c and S1.25; cape
and kid gloves, SITS and
$500.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-11-29

Norwegian agriculture l,ae Undergone
quite change during the War Lnrgc
arcns Of new land have been titled with
a view 20 giving tho country Bs much
gram ~ possible 1hue Norway, winch
formerly wns obliged to import l1rgo
quantities of foodetufs. IN he future
will be able to take more independent
position rith regard ~ those tnpprta.