davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-22

into the linen pulp as it is spread on the rolls and that in such way that they run straight and form a part of the paper. It is impossible to in;- tate this by any other method than that used in the, mills.
 Ali of these processes of paper mak- ing are performed under government inspectors and in factories equipped with government guards Men armed with rifles stand at the doors, and Uncle Sam's agents see that nothing is lost. Every bit of paper made is measured and counted. If scrap is torn from sheet or a roll it must be found the same day and no one is permitted to depart from the mills until every bit is accounted for and back in it's place.
 After the paper comes from the rolls it goes through a drying and finish ing process, and it is then cut into the sheets used for printing the bonds Each sheet is large enough for six bonds. These sheets are packed up in pine boxes firmly fastened and bound around with wire. Each box contains just 10000 sheets and its weight is GOO pounds. When packed it is sent by guarded express to the bu- reau of engraving and printing at
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-22

white rags the water churns the fibers until they are reduced to a pulp which looks like whipped cream or that in a freezer just before freezing 1t seems clean enough to eat, and you feel like dipping up a spoonful and taking a taste. The pulp contains absolutely nothing but the linen and this pp"est spring water. It is now ready to be dropped on the rolls. from which it comes forth as white paper.
 There is, however, an important pro- cess that has to be added. in order to make the paper impossible to coun terpart. This is introducing the little silk threads which run here and there through it. If you will look carefully at bond you will see that there are lines of fine red and blue silk threads scattered here and there over it, a.id that these threads go through the sig nature and the chief parts of the en- graving. The thread comes from Js,- pan. It is made there by silk worms which are fed on mulberry leaves, and which spin the cocoons from which raw silk is made. This silk is twisted into very thin thread in which form it comes to the government mill It is there dyed red or blue with co1ors spc- ,cially made for the purpose, and then cut into lengths of about quarter of an inch. These silk lengths are fed
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-22
Rumania,s Surrender


 From Russia and German Policy by
 Lothrop Stoddard. in the American
 Review of Reviews.
 The Brest- -Litovsk settlement meant something more than Russias retire. ment from the war. It also signifed Rumania's withdrawal. When, in the autumn of 1916, this small Balkan na- ton had entered the war on the allied side, it had been in the belief that Rus sia would stick to the end But now that Russia has quit, Rumania was left absolutely 'in the air and could noth-
 ing but capitulate. Accordingly, on March 5, 1918, only two days after the Brest -Litoysk treaty, preliminary peace agreement was signed at Buften, near Bucharest. between Rumania and the central powers, and this instrument was supplemented by a much more elaborate treaty signed on May z. No harsher terms were ever imposed than those which Rumania was forced to accept. It is not too much to say that, while Rumania kept the technical status of soverignity. she really ceased
 to be independent state. Rumania was compelled to cede her strategic western frontier to Austria Hungary, | thus laying herself absolutely at the i mercy of her mighty neighbor. She also had to cede the Dobrudja. her sole out i let to the BLACK sea, tnereDy becoming a landlocked nation. And this was only the beginning; for Rumania was not even left the mistress of her own house The central powers obtained practically perpetual control over Rumania's whole economic life, The Surplus" of her rich harvests was promised to the central powers during 1918 and 1919, and for seven years thereafter if the central powers so desired. Over her great oil fields were turned over to an Austro- German holding company with a ninety years lease and a free hand regarding both production and export. The com pany's monopoly was to be absolute, all foreign holdings to be appropriated Similar controls were granted over the other sinews of Rumania economic life, such as railroads, harbors, etc The en- forcement of these treaty stipulations was to be guaranteed by the presence of a teutonic army of occupation com sisting of at least six divisions and as many more as were required by eco homie necessities" all kept at Ruman-
 a's expense.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-22

the second loan aggregated almost S4,0oO- o0o,000 and they required the printing of more than 100000 bonds. The third amounted to more than $4,o09,000 000 and the subscribers had so increased that more than 24900,000 bonds had to be is sued Altogether the aggregate value of the new government securities that have been actually sold since the war began is in the neighborhood of $12.000, 000.000, and the bonds actually printed have been more than 3l,00000o in num- Der. It is believed that the coming issue will have more than 25,000.000 different subscribers, and this means the print ing of somewhere between 30.000.000 and 100000 individual bonds. In addition will be the new bonds needed for the conversion of one series to the others, Uncle Sam gives out only new bonds, and the conversion of one loan for an- other necessitates much new printing. They are now working on the conver- sion of the first and second loans to the third The prospect is that coo bonds Will be needed for this purpose alone.
 And now let us see how this bright white linen paper, peppered with silk, is turned into the securities we are all saving to buy. Every bond has to be watered, but not in the way so common to Wall street. As the paper comes
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-22

but time. and it has enabled the bureau to turn out the enormous number of securities needed.
 The ink used to print the bonds must be of the exact color required, and this is now obtained sby the use of the col orimeter machine which measures the exact hue and intensity of any color and expresses it in figures. For. eX ample, it is no longer necessary to call certain red crimson, for the colorimeter shows that it is composed of S5 parts red 10 parts green and 36 parts blue, or, as expressed in the code of the colorime- ter, Rs5G10B96. In the same manner the figures RS5G40BS represent a very bright scarlet
 As the appearance of a color is de pendent upon the nature of the light. an artificial daylight is used with this ma chine. This is 5e0-candle power nitro gen filled tungsten lamp, with peculiar blue glass screen that converts the light into a pure white exactly like daylight,
 As to the printing itself, that is done much the same as the printing of bank notes. The bonds are run through small presses moved by elee- tricity, each press being under the charge of an Individual printer, who has two women to help him, The plate is first linked, by the roller, from which it moves by machinery to the bare armed printer. who rubs off the sur face with his hands, leaving lust ink for the impression. After this the plate slides on to the feeder, a wem- the printing. goes to another woman, who takes it off. From this it will De seen that every bond has 10 be handled again and again by the employees in the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-22

from the mill it is dry, crisp ana hard. 1t has to be mellowed and softened and fitted for taking the ink This is done by wetting the sheets in such a way that they retain just the right amount of moisture. The nfe Hum is cotton cloths dipped in water A wet cloth $ placed between every four or five sheets and the paper with the wet cotton in it is laid up in piles. which reach from the floor to the height of your head.
 When a pile of wet sheets has been fin- ished it is wrapped around, or swathed might say, in damp cheese cloth. and the pile is then submitted to a pres
 sure which drives the water in the
 cloths evenly through all the sheets The wetting takes four or five days and at the end the paper is mellow all the
 way through. It is now loaded on
 handcars and pushed to the printers
 In the first place, however, the wet sheets have to be counted again and each printer must receipt for all he re- ceiyes, for he has to deliver back as many bonds as the sheets represent In the first Liberty Loan only two bonds were made to the sheet In the sec ond loan the bonds were so reduced in s'ze that four could be made. and in the third and also in the present loan. the number of bonds cut from each sheet is six It is the legend on the bond
  value. and there has been a great sav- ing of money in making the bonds smaller than ever before.
 There has been saving also in print | ing the bonds. Director Wilmeth has standardized many parts of the work. He has cut down the amount of en- craving required and also the number of times the bonds go through the press. Tn former issues the back of each bond had to have three separate impressions and the face five Now the backs so I through the press but once, the different denominations being shown by the diff ference in the color of the ink. The back 1 of the $50 bond is brown, the Sl00 is rea and the bonds of higher denominations are of other colors. The face of the bond is made to carry the legend which shows exactly what it is. It bears the number of the series, and the names of the Secretary and Register of the Treas ury which legitimatze it's value. This standardization saves not only money
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-09-22

American Ambassador to Russia who has been making his hendquar. ters iD ArchangeI for some weeks.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
BADLY HURT BY GIN SAWS
r. u. Lance Tried to Hasten Work
 With Painful Results All

r. H. Lance, a young man in fhe
 employ of T. A. Allen at the gin. had
 ms right hand badly mangled Tues day afternoon by coming in contact with the gin saw in one of the cip, stands. Three ugly gashes were cut across the back of the hand one of them severing Che bones of. inc llrst finger, cutting the leaders and badly mangling the flesh across the back. of the hand. The young man was brought to the office of DfrPl K. Watkins, where Dr. Watkins ,as,n slsted,.by DF. J. T. Bogard and ,ther Hey, ". L. Smith, dressed the wounds, using every precautiorf to save the young mans fingers ai1Hi aand. Mir. Lance only recently bee, gan work in the gin, having been in the employ of the Ashmore dairy until short time ago. His work was that of suction feeder, but being a wiling worker, and noting that one of the stands became clogged. he thought to be helpful by removing the obstruction, with the result that hls hand was caught in the saw. .T,
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
Bert Canley Coming Back to Mena.

Tn letter to a Mena friend, Bert Cauley, now of Sigourney, Iowa, for merly a Mena resident and proprie- tor of the Variety Store, says he exs poets to return to Mena about Feb ruary first, to again make this his home. He wants 10 to 40 acre farm near town, so he can raise garden and poultry He has not yet fully recovered from the injuries he received several months ago while employed on the Rock Island railway, not yet being able to walk about much without use of cane or crutches. By spring he expects to be able to handle a small farm. He enclosed a clipping from news paper, which, Bert says, applies to his condition. It is published in this issue. titled The Kaiser Caused It. :"
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
Found Rifle and Shells.

J. D. Tucker, in from the Rag land farm near Acorn "Wednesday, had some i4-calibre revolver shells which he had found at the foot of the Fourche mountains, hid den under a fallen tree. There were 59 shells and with them was a U. S. Army rifle, the description of which fits the one which was taken from the Wells Fargo Express car when train No. was held up little over year ago near Acorn, and when the express car was blown up. Mir. Tucker reports that he had oft en covered the ground where the gun and shells were hidden, but not until Thursday of last week had he discovered them, and then only when he examined the log, thinking 10 cut it up for wood.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
NO sLACKERs IN HIS FAMnY.r
Old Confederate Veteran Tells The
 Star of Cousins iil Service. 9.II

! William Round, Confederate veteran living at Grannis, in sentline his subscription to The Star, en- closes newspaper clippings telling Of two cousins among a number of cousins and nephews he has in the service of his country in Camp Pike and i'll France. One of these, Elhe Elbert Force, as related in the elip-- ping, was yoeman in the navy, and wrote his family of his enjoyment of Thanksgiving, but some time late CT was taken sick with pneumonia and fell asleep" The other cousin is Sergeant Beze ". Smiley, also in the navy, who says T am really glad l am to be one who will have the satisfaction of saying I helped to make the world a safe place for civilized people to live
 And Mir. Round says: Tt makes my old heart rejoice to know there are no slackers in my family"
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
AV|ATORS DREAD
 A BARRACE FIRE
The Anti-Aircraft Bafrage Is the Most Dreaded Enemy Weapon Which the Airmen Must Face
 To Hesitate Means Death.

Somewhere in France, Jan. i.-- The anti-aireraft barrage is today the most dreaded enemy weapon the airmen has to face in his flights over the lines. In the midst of a sea of bursting shells, the airplane bobs up and down like ship in a violent storm. The concussions !, which the shells make in bursting produce a swift succession of air pockets and air bumps, and it is ab- solutcly impossible to keep ma chine steady thru them. Mean while there is the strain of knowing always that the next instant one of the thousands of flying shell splin- ters. may reach vital spot in either machine or pilot.
 Yet it is not possible to avoid fly ing thru a barrage at times. The latest type of anti-aiPcraft guns can place barrage as high as 23,000 feet, and it is not practical to turn , back and try to climb over the bar rage. It takes very highly special ized machine to climb 23,000 feet. and the heavier machines cannot achieve that altitude under any circumstances.
 The longer the airman hcsltates to run the barrage, the longer he is exposed to the fire. Anti-aircraft gunnerY at the front has now reached a point where the range is calculated to nicety almost in simultaneously by processes of tri- angulation and, therefore. the flyer who hestates is lost. The only thing he can do is to take his chance, just as a ship at sea takes a storm and accepts it's chances of weathering a gale.
 Next to the barrage, the most feared of the ground defenses is the cluster" This is a group of six anti-aircraft shells, sent up togeth- CT, and placed just ahead of the ma chine, with one shell aimed to burst the tip of the fuselage two on each side of it, two on each side just ahead and one farther and directly ahead
 The side-slip is the favorite pro- lection against these "elusters" The tnti-aircraft gunners get their range nowadays so accurately that the slightest move out of range is fairly certain to get the machine out of dangers way--unless the gunners have anticipated this move, as they sometimes do by placing another cluster at the most likely spot for q an expected side-slip A
 a The side-slip is produced by tip ping the plane down slightly, and while flying ahead, slithering over sideways, and down, thus changing the range without seeming to do so, for the gunners looking up see as much of the machine as before and are justified in estimating the height to be the same. Tn reality the machine is little to one side and several hundred feet lower as the result of his skilful side-slip
 Below height of 5000 feet anti aircraft guns cannot be used to ad- vantage, but machine guns and rifles provide equally dangerous ene- mics. A machine gun playing a stream of 500 bullests a minute Is no mean foe, even tho the bullets are not explosive.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
Auto Owners Paying Licenses.

Auto owners have made a good start in the matter of taking out li- censes for the year 1918. Up to noon Tuesday, Collector Finger issued 10 licenses for individual cars and one dealers license. The first li- cense was issued to L. c. Rifles, the second to Storey X Lauck and the third to Dr. Charles L. Sanford. The one dealers license was issued to Story & Lauck. A penalty will be added to all licenses issued after January i0
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
POLK COUNTY IN LEAD AS USUAL
Furnished Full Quota Of Soldiers on
 Time-A Recent Ruling.
Special to The Star.

Special to The Star,
 Little Rock, Dec. 28.--It has been decided by the department that there will be no more formal calls for deferred percentages of the present quota before February i5. While the boards should send for ward promptly men selected under the old regulations to make up de- ficiencies in calls already made, the result of this decision will be that the benefit of the new classification system will be given all men whose order numbers are so late as to place them within deferred per- cntages of the present call.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
[ MT. and Mrs. ,. Q. Mckee. 2. IrIetturnett. f

7icMr. and Mrs. j. c. Mckee returned
 toe Mena Tuesday after an absence of three months, which they@ had
 spent in Caney and Kansas City Kas., and ifi Rogers. Ark. While sat Kansas City, sMrss Mckee rndarwent an operation at the Rhodes sanitari- um, which proved successful and satisfactory, so that sfea rethrns home much improved in health. The last three weeks of their stay, since
 Mrs. Mckee was released, from the doctors care. was spent with rela- tives in Rogers, Ark. e sss ~
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
Mark Griffin. who has been in tn

Mark Griffin, who has been in thu employ of the Mena Hardware ComH pany since the business was startedi about four years ago, gave up the place Monday, for the reason that he expects to move to Port Arthurs where his wife's parents are livings He had previously been in the eme ploy of the Watkins Hardware Com- pany. c. NJ. Latimer began work Wednesday in place of MT. Griffin.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
Rclnitiful Calendars to Patrons. l,

{. The Jackson Drug & Furniture Company is againssupplying it's GUS
 toners and fpienfis with fine large calendars, thespictures on which re- late to the colonial period of our countryos The picture this year IS a splendid reproduction of Browns combe's First American Thanks giving" Hv s Ua
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

abr l. G. Hilton returned Sunday
 from Cleveland. Ok, whither he had been called in consultation in the ease of Ben Reno. who had been critically ill with pneumoniasU Mrs. ". J. Reno and Mrs. Ben, Reno. who
 accompanied Dr. Hilton .en thE tPip. remained with the sick man, who,
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

In this connection it is interest ing to note that Polk county sup piled its full quota when first called upon to do so. This is generally true of Western Arkansas, while the reverse is the case in the eastern counties. se.'.sa
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Miss Kathleen Holt, after spends ing the holiday season with her parents, Mir. and Mrs. W. E. Holt and with Mena friends, left Wednes- day for Magazine, Ark, where She is employed as one of the iR7 structors in Magazine Academy.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Mir. and Mrs. J. c. Sommers of Omaha. Neb.. were holiday visitors in Mena at the home of Col. A. ]. Sommers and Mrs. Sommers on Stiis we'll Heights. Mir. Sommers, who is son of Colonel Sommers and wife, is district manager of the Weyhau7 ser Lumber Company of Omaha.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
The CORNER GROCERY

Albert Robertson, Prop s., Staple and Fancy Groceries, Flour and Feed. Satisfaction Or Your Money Back Y a'' PHONE 57.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Marvin Edgar left "Wednesday for Layton, Ok, after visiting his moth CT on Stilwell Heights and father at Broken Bow, Ok. He, expects soon to be called to the service iH the National Army. s..sf.as..,, a.8
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03
Not So Prosperous as Reported.

The Star in making brief report last week of the crop returns made by William Ryan of Egger, evidently gave him too much prosperity, for he writes that it should have been stated that he raised nine bales of cotton instead of nineteen, tho he adds that he wishes t had been nineteen. s. A,.,
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Mrs. Crosby of Parsons, kas., mother of Mrs. George Mosler, liv- ing on Jones street, is i'll Mena to make her home with Mir. and Mrs. Mosler.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Mrs. F. C. Baldridge who had been with her parents, MT. and Mrs. N. w. Eddy, during the holidays, left on Wednesday for her home in Dallas. Tex. s
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

MT. and Mrs. c. A. Proctor, who had visited at the home of Mir. and Mrs. V. T. Proctor and other rela- |tives, ieftAthe latter part of last week foPi their home infVilla Grove,
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Mrs. Tom Bales and daughter, Mary went to Winthrop Wednes- day to spend few days with Mir. Bales and son.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Miss Ethel Riley, after spending a brief vacation with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Julius Riley, left Monday for Kansas City to resume her work as stenographer for silo company.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

G. N Kelly came in Saturday aft ernoon from Ashdown to spend Sun day with Mrs. Kelly and the baby, who are at the home MT and Mrs. U. w. Gardner, parents of Mrs. Kel- ly. He returned to his work Sun day afternoon.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Frank Bell, wiie had spent the holidays with his parents, Mir. and Mrs. l.. G. Bell, left Monday for Edmond, Ok, where he is employed in the office of the financial seere- tary of the Central State Normal.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

G. D. McLain and w. M. Littrell of Octavia, Ok, are spending a few days in Mena.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Alex Parsons of Hatfield was Mena visitor Tuesday. He had been in the employ of w. E. Mershon, but since Mir. Mershon disposed of his business last week he has not yet decided upon new employment
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

w. H. Cox and daughter, Miss Marie, were up from Cove Wednes- day to shop and look after business.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Master Nj. s. Iittleton, who had spent the Christmas vacation with his mother, Mrs. Hattie c. Littleton, left Sunday for Newport, Ark, to resume his studies in the Newport schools,
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

physical development for the short time he has been in training.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

ihe largest department stores il Salt Lake City.
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

.-- basSE3fG
 Mrs. v.1W. St. John returned on TuesdaylfRo visit of few days with her son, Ea C. Payne, and his family, in Ashdown. Little Maryet- ia came with her to spend few weeks in Mana. 4,ei le
 Misses Carol Patton and Sadie Jones. who had spent the holiday vacation with homefolks in Mena, left Tuesday afternoon for Fort Smith to continue their studies in business college. .
 Mrs. Isaac Parrish, who had been a holiday visitor at the home of Mir. and Mrs. John Chambers, started hon the home trip to Ava, Ok on Wednesday. She will stop at. An tiers, Ok, to make visit with rela- tives.
 MT. and Mrs. w. C. Davenport, who had lived on the B. A. Gaddy farm west of Mena for the last sev- eral months, and recently had a sale of their personal effects, left on Wednesday for their former home, Texarkana.
 George Chambers of Eeger, who is among the Polk county registrants stationed at Camp Jackson, s. C.. is home to spend a 20-day leave of absence. esspent Wednesday here disposing of some of his cotton and attending to other matters Of busi- ness. He, like most of the regis trants coming home for a'furl6ugh. is looking fine. and shows splendid
The Mena weekly star., 1918-01-03

Miss Lillian Watson, teacher in the schools of Cane Hill, Ark. after spending the holiday vacation with her parents, Mr. and Mrs, LIS. Wat son, left last Monday to again take up her work. ~. K,