davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
Up and Down the Rows
Canned pasture-silage.

Canned pasture-silage.
Ear-testing is the only hope.
Kindness brings profit with live stock.
The value of food is coming to be
recognized.
The tractor is a business machine. Sc
is the automobile,
The brush is mightier than the mills
stool when it comes to currying a COW.
The tanning mill will greatly increase
the wheat production wherever used.
Ear by ear is the only safe way tc
test seed corn this year. Guessing is
risky business.
The nearer we come to corn, planting
time, the more evident the necessity
for ear-testing becomes.
Eating twice as many vegetables will
relieve the food shortage. A good gar.
den is a rear guard.
Weeds are thieves-and the best time
to arrest them is before they start
Swat the seed with tanning mill.
The manure spreader distributes po-
tential wealth so that future enrich.
ment of both farm and farmer are in
sured. Manures come back-when given
freely to the land.
The conveniences in home need MOI
ali wait on money. A little careful
planning will often save much work
Does your wife have to take six step:
to get a thing she uses often in tht
Kitchen Rearrange SO that it is only
two steps away.
The day is past when milk can bt
considered on basis OF s cents quart
1t is worth much more, both in II.
value as compared with other foods
and nj its cost of production and dis
tribution The sooner the consuming
public learns to appraise milk at II.
true value as a food, the better 1t will
be all around.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
Leaks on the Farm
BY o. L. ANsoN

ihere is no question but that it Is
the little leaks on the farm that have
made it in so many cases unprofit-
snle. For some years it has fallen to
my lot to be "odd jobs" man on our
farm and in no way can man be-
come better acquainted with the lit
tie things, the little leaks as we'll as
the little profits on the farm, as when
looking after the odd jobs.
FITTING the different pieces Of work
together on a good sized farm is
great deal like the piecing of crazy
Paten quilt-it has to be carefully
Done else it will not fit properly.
mere are days when the hired men
40 not have whole days work at
the same task, in fact the weather
IHay be such that a number of differ
eht pieces of work have to be done
curing the day and unless these
pieces are fitted together property SO
mat the men may go directly from
one piece of work to another, there
is loss of time and a loss of none>
value.
Oft days are the busy days for the
oud jobs man, for il fs necessary for
nm to SO plan the work that there
WiH be no leaks between the dif.
-p'SSCo- L lC BidHdScF ABILITY
70 utilize the time and the ,opportu-
n'ty alone often spells success.
IN manufacturing, in fact in practi-
caIIy all the industries, it is not SO
dilficult to stop the leakage. for n
certain line of work is carried from
gay to day, and each line of other
wise waste material is turned iuta
something profitable. On the farm n
~ vastly different; we do not know
one day what Kind OF leak win An.
pear the next. because our line of WORK
varies from day to day and from
month to month. seasonal and other
c'Hdltions making it different tfifs
year from last year.
II is possible entirely SO tn ,yatoi,
one or more leaks SO closely that We
=" no. observe other leaks until our
ention is called to them by some
uhe else. 1t is impossible to ston air
.hs leaks on the farm at the same
.ime' but a study of the most in1noy-
.-eht and frequently occurring ones win
10 much to insure profit. Won wiz
M ~, mem IN most unexpected places.
me small farm where the owner
may be both laborer and oyersaer. ~
Wiich can be managed without ont
siue help IS very desirable in nanu
Nass' yer the large farm, with ado
qotlee help, and one man to oversea
anu manage. is often the nearest Ieak
iooI. Tor the manager who does ~.
i,aNe 70 take hand In the field bss
.ne TIME and should have the ahi1i4,
~ oeeect the leaks as they appear
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

We often hear mothers lamenting the
fact that there is no kindergarten in
their neighborhood They know what a
benefit a kindergarten training would
be to their children, but are not aware
that some of the methods used in the
kindergarten may also be employed in
the home
This is particularly true of kinderg4r-
ten hand-work, which composes a sort
Eof elementary manual training course.
For hand-work in the home it is not
necessary to expand much time, labor or
money for materials; indeed. they may
nearly all be obtained in the home.
Plastic may be used to advantage.
The child can model bells, cubes and
cylinders, reproducing simple objects he
sees about him, or he can create from
his own imagination. Give the clay into
the child's hands and let him do what
he pleases with it. He will find plenty
Ito do and greatly enjoy this occupation.
besides unconsciously expressing some
thing within himself which it will be
valuable to know.
Paper folding is simple, and an occu-
patton which the child can easily manip-
ulate himself Give him a small, squa re
piece of colored wrapping paper, have
him bring the opposite edges together,
and then fold through the center, once.
This will make book which he can play
ne is readlnE or singing from, or he can
call 1t scrapbook and paste pictures
in it, Folded twice, the piece of paper
makes nice little square handkerchief
which has just been ironed and is ready
to put away. Next the paper may he
opened out and it viii be seen that
the two folds cross at the center THE
corners may be folded to this center,
one at time. When three corners are
folded in, it looks like an open enyeI-
ope; after the last corner is folded in,
the envelope is closed and the letter
! is ready to mail.
With little ingenuity many osher
objects may be made by folding pa er
in different ways
Cutting pictures from old magazine s
is one of the joys of childhood. To be
able to do this well, the child must
learn to use his eyes and his hands
skilfully. 1t Is splendid training, and
cultivates patience and concentration as
well as skill.
Painting is also joy to child.
Through this medium the different colors
can be taught and appreciation for color
developed.
For weaving. colored wrapping paper
again comes into ply. A piece about
10 or u inches square should be cut in
half-inch Sits from one side to within
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
Potato Salad Dressing

Potatoes can be used to advantage in
many ways in the school lunch. Potato
salad is one way. The attractiveness of
the salad depends largely on the dress
ing used. A good dressing can be made
as follows:
Sour cream salad dressing, Il teaspoon
mustard, " teaspoon salt, u teaspoon
paprika, " tablespoon sugar, | egg, 4
cup vinegar. cup sour cream.
Beat the egg until very light, add the
other ingredients, and cook in a double
boiler, stirring constantly until thick
ened. Remove from the fire and beat
well. If this dressing is cooked properly,
lit will have, when cool, a thick, smooth
consistency. IL it is overlooked. so that
there is tendency to separate, it should
be strained before cooling
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
Yes to Mr.. Hoover

wv; Livingston Larned. in Hoard,s
Dairyman
YES, sir. Mr.. Hoover, and we're listen
in to you.
chipping off tn wastage In most every
thing we do.
conservation has us-we are tslI<in.
1t. by day
|Dream 1t and we scheme it in a will
in sort of way.
Calves get less OF butter
In tn milk that's fed, know.
Dairy in futter
From our economic show
Cream is Separated
BY scientific plan
Ev'ry dairy helper
Is a save -to-beat- en- fan.
Yes. sir. Mr.. Hoover. and we read III.
rules YOU send;
I'm sooner. thrift is started why. IN
sooner war will end.
Fats are precious to us an the porker
is a king
Eat cabbage dinner an from critters
on tn wing
Mother. at her cooking.
Watches like a hawk.
"Oh, YOU boys, I'm looking
Is TIL kitchen mothers talk.
No more wasteful portions,
Save that sugar. Jim.
Ii he takes two spoonfuls--
Wow-she chases him,
Yes, sir. Mr.. Hoover, and this. dairy
does it's bit.
Me and ma is soldiers. picket-dutving.
ON it,
Cows get fed and plenty-but there's
not grain to spare.
fxe,t
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

noon and the remainder long enough
before dark to let the hens eat all they
want before going to roost.
The best results in feeding hens
for eggs are obtained by giving the
birds several meals a day in such
form that they eat about equal
amounts of soft and hard feeds. When
1t is not convenient to hand-feed them
iu this way. very good results may
be obtained by any plan that furnishes
enough feed. in the right variety, I'M
der such conditions that they do not
go, sc themselves at any time, anu
take exercise enough TO keep them In
good condition.
SOFT FEEDS
Soft feeds for poultry are ground
grains and by-products, vegetables, the
flesh parts of animal feed substances
and table scraps, which are mixture
Of such things Hard feeds are whole
and cracked grains, and the mineral
parts of animal feeds Corn is the
only grain that needs to be cracked
for mature fowls.
a soft feed mixture is called mash.
Washes are fed either In a moist or IN
a dry state The form in which the
mash is given determines the manner
of feeding it. and-to some extent
tho method of feeding the hard grain.
KEEPS 5000 LAYING HENS
Irving A. Sherlock, Burbank. Cal,
be gan studying the poultry business
when he got his first few chickens.
Now he has 5000 hens laying for him.
md he doesn't keep a hen that can't
lay more than 100 eggs a year. lie
has hundreds which average three or
four eggs a week the year around.
All his chicken houses and wards arc
on three acres. The rest of his land Il,
used to grow feed for the chickens.
From $4,000 to 10000 baby chicks are
bought every spring and are raised IN
brooder houses. each with capacity
of $500 cb 'cks. Sherlock believes it
better for poultry raisers to buy chicks
at the day-old stage.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
nv MRs. JOHN 6. MOSES

ny MRS. JOHN G. MOSES
A moist mash is usually given as one
or two or more regular meals, and in
such quantity that 1t is all consumed
within a short time. Table scraps
with enough ground feed to absorb
any excess of moisture make a good
moist mash. A dry mash is usually
fed in a hopper from which the birds
can eat at will tat all times, or, at
least, for several hours daily.
The dry mash method is most con-
away from home all day, and in short
winter days cannot attend to their
hens by daylight. With an ample sup
ply of dry mash in a hopper, day $
allowance of hard grain in the litter
or straw or other light material COW
cring the floor of the coop, a piece Of
cabbage or of mangel wurzel where
the hens can eat what they want OF
1t, fresh water, and supplies of oyster
she'll and grit in small hoppers, pro-
vision has been made for all needs OF
the hens, and they will lay we'll,
though not perhaps, quite as many
EGGS rs when handled two or three
times daily
DRY MASH
A good recipe for a dry mash is:
Equal parts by weight, corn meal,
ground oats, wheat bran and beef
scraps. A good moist mash may be
made OF the same meal ingredients
With only one-third the amount OF
be eff scraps, because a larger proper
ton of concentrated animal feed in a
moist mash may cause bowel troubles.
With such a dry mash about a pint
OF hard grain mixture 1.-TWO parts
cracked corn. one part oats by weight)
to 10 birds is required. With a moist
mash as described above a pint and a
half of the grain mixture will be re-
qUired. II the moist mash is fed in
the morning and the hard grain given
in two feeds, the flIst-consisting Of
about one-third of the days allow :
ance-may be given either at the
t;n.e IF feedipo tho p,ocb or toward
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

to suit him. Go to work or go to iaiI .
he said crisply. mo man will be al.
lowed to loaf around this town or in
this county, because wc are at point
where every mans labor is seriously
needed for the farms
What about your county? What
about your state? Are you requiring
loafers to become producers? While
your sons fight in France VIII you per-
nit husky men to remain idle In your
community, when you know their labor
will produce food without which we
can't win the war--without which your
son fights in vain?
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
WADES ADVICE ON COTTON

big boil or small boil. fruits thick or
thin wifi resistant or not. or whether
1t is subject to boil rot. (snthracuose),
rust premature shedding under normal
conditions etc With these facts III
mind. YOU had better know more ABOUT
the character Of the man you buy seed
from. rather than minor details ABOUT
the variety.
CULTIVATION
The writer wishes to give here his
own method of cultivating cotton
which has proved most satisfactory,
and TO offer il for the consideration OF
the reader.
After the cotton seed has been plant
ed and is beginning to come up,
suike tooth harrow should be run
astrfde the row and few days later
cross harrow the rows with weeu-
er A section harrow win do the same
w rk if the stand is good and the
field is free from coarse litter, pre-
viGed the harrow is driven diasonaEy
across the rows. Allow the little
plants to straighten up and grow
few days and then run a one or two
horse spring tooth cultivator astrtde
the rows and chop. the cotton AFTER
this 1t is all folly TO bar off cotton
with two burrows to the row and then
sweep 1t up with two more burrows
to the row in order to get 1t ready
to chop. After the cotton is chopped
run wide sharp scrape shallow ii
the middles and run the spring tooth
cnltivator astride the row, After cot
ton has been chopped and cultivated
in the manner described. a shallow
blowing once a week is necessary. A
good plan is to sweep both sides of
the row shallow and flat one week and
then sweep the middle the next week
with broad sharp scrape running
flat. This system makes three burrows
every two weeks and a cultivation ev-
cry week and should be kept up until
the plants are large and full of ma
ture bolls such as to make the plants
heavy and serious breakage from Gull
t'vating possible.
wEEvIL CONTROL
Get every weevil that you can pos
! sibly Find out of your field before
squares come and the weevil has a
| chance to lay eggs. This can be done
| by hand picking or a machine con-
| structed for that purpose. There are
some machines that do very effective
work, II used when cotton Is from six
to eight inches high. They are of prac-
| tically no value after cotton is full of
| squares and limbs. Neither is hand
picking of weevils and squares of much
value after plants are sauaring and
| blooming freely. The time to pick vice.
| wills is the week before squares occur.
| The time to pick up squares is The
week the first blooms occur. If these
| two precautions are not observed it
will be tedious. laborious. expensive
and practically useless to pick weevils
and squares after plants are large and
heavily infested with weevils. AS
| ounce of prevention is worth pound
\ of cure always" j. A. WADE.
Commissioner of Agriculture.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
SPRAYS FOR SUCKING INSECTS

The worst sucking insects that
growers generally have to contend
with is the aplis or plant lice. There
ale many species of these insects, in
Testing almost every kind of crop. As
no poison can be placed so as to reach
their stomachs. they must be killed by
a spray that will close up the breath
ing pores of the insects. The follow
ing are some of the best. Kerosene
emulsion when properly diluted Is
good spray for sucking insects when
mace up with two gallons OF boiling
water and one pound of laundry soap.
This makes stock solution and for
killing plant lice it must be diluted
so as to make anywhere from TO
s per cent solution which is made BY
adding 1874 to Is 2-s gallons OF water
to one gallon of the stock solution
Other good sprays may be made as
81
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

sects that infest stored products. Bor-
deaux mixture, fungicide, acts as a re-
pellent for many insects, especially for
some forms which feed upon tomatoes
and potatoes. The various fly sprays
which are applied to stock merely act as
repellents.-Texas Agricultural Expert
ment Station
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
HOMEMADE TOBACCO EXTRACT

1t is possible to make an extract at
home from the tobacco stems or dust.
Place one pound of the stems or dust
in one gallon of water and heat TO Just
the boiling point for one hour, making
up for any loss of water. This solu-
ton should never be allowed to actu-
ally boil, as some of the active prin-
cirles will be lost in the vapors Dilute
this mixture with two parts OF water
and add soap at the rate Of one pound
to so gallons OF spray.
WHALE OIL SOAP
Whale oil or fish oil soap is commonly
found for sale in the hard form, made
from caustic soda. The potash soaps
are much to be preferred, as they dis
solve much more readily. This soap
solution Is especially valuable for use
against solf-bodied sucking insects, but
it is not generally effective against the
more resistant sucking insects. For
plant lice, dissolve this soap in water
al the rate Of one pound to seven gal
lors. The hard soap must be shaved
into small quantity Of boiling water
and the mixture stirred for sometime.
After the soap has been dissolved, cold
water may be added to make the above
formula
LAUNDRY SOAP
II whale Oil soap is not available it
will be found that a simple solution OF
laundry soap is very effective for spray
ing plant lice. Any good grade Of laun-
dry soap may be used for this purpose.
The formula of one pound to seven gal
Ions of water has proven very effective
against plant lice. Laundry soap does
not dissolve readily, and 1t is best to
shave ii into liberal quantity OF boil
ing water and stir frequently When
the dissolution of the soap is complete
cold water may be added to make the
above formula.
SULPHUR
Dry sulphur or powdered sulphur,
sometimes called flowers of sulphur, Is
often used as contact insecticide. espe-
cially the red spider. The dry sulphur
should be thoroughly busted over the
foliage in an effort to hit all the spid-
ers. It Is best to apply sulphur when
the foliage is moist with dew. Hydrated
lime mixed in equal parts with the sui
phur will make it more adhesive. Sui
phur becomes effective only when the sun
vaporizes it; so II applied when the sun
is not shining it will remain inactive
until the first bright day.
REPELLENTS
A repellent is any material which Is
applied to a plant or animal that may
be OF service in driving away any i'm
sect that might attack II. Dry air
slaked lime is Of service in driving away
some pests. II should be busted directly
onto the insects which are feeding upon
the plant. Tobacco dust acts as re-
peilent to some insects, especially the
root feeding insects. Napthalene flakes
or moth balls act as repcllsnt for in
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
Pigeon Goes to School

A St Paul boy has pigeon for p
pet that he has named "Pidge." Pidge
like to walk across the keys of a piano.
Like Mary's lamb, Pidge followed his
master to school one day and an
nounoed his presence by pecking at the
window When the teacher opened II,
Pidge flew right in and perched on his
masters desk nearly all the morning.
Tt has become necessary to shut Pidge
up on Sunday because he insists on
going to church with his boy friend
and attracts too much attention, dis
turbing the service.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
.MIScELLANEOUS

JLD FALSE. TEETH wANTED-pon,t
matter il broken; we pay up TO SIS nor
set; also cash for old gold. silver and
broken jewelrs; check sent BY return
mail: goods held 10 days for sendefss
approval Of our Offer Makers Tooth
Speciality. 2oo7 9. 6th It,. FhiladelDhia.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
COMMERCIAL EXTRACTS

There are now on the market highly
concentrated extracts of tobacco. For
use these liquids are diluted with wa
ter according to the concentration OF
the brand and the insect which is to be
killed. Usually the tobacco sprays will
spread more readily and evenly on the
plants liz soap is added TO the solution
at the rate of one pound to so gall
lens. 1t has been found that strong
tobacco sprays may kill the eggs of
some plant lice. The weaker dilutions
of tobacco extracts are especially valu-
able for destroying soft bodied insects
as plant lice BLACK Leaf 49," "Nico-
Fume." "Sulphate of Nicotine" and
'Black Leaf Extract" are some of the
trade names for the tobacco extracts.
The cost of these extracts may seem
prohibitive, but when diluted the spray
Is not any more expensive than other
materials for the same purpose.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

Maj. Mckenzie Rogan. conductor of the
Coidstream Guards band. has just COM
pleted 30 years service in the British,
army. He Joined the army as a bandbov
and 1t 10 largely due to his efforts that
binations.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28
Keep Up Potato Crops

potatoes should be maintained In 1918.
notwithstanding the large crops in 1917.
This is especially true in view OF the
necessity of releasing more wheat for ex-
port. Potatoes. both Irish and sweet
are the most popular and most general
~ used of the perishable staple crops
The department. through its extension
and publication activities, Is cncourag-
ing their greater USE especially the use
Of the Irish potato, as partial substi-
tute for wheat in bread, making
The yield per acre can be made more
certain by greater attention to the Sc
lection Of disease-free potatoes OF good
varieties BY treatment OF reed potatoes
immediately before planting, and by the
use OF sprays to prevent loss from blight
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

From the Philadelphia Telegraph
Conversation In the lobby of Wash
ngton hotel turned to the great physical
fitness of some men, when this little
anecdote was recalled by Congressman
William w. yenable of mississippi
One afternoon an esteemed citizen
named Mike was going down the street
when, in passing group Of foundry
employees, he heard them mention tho
name of Thomas Casey in a sympathetic
voice.
"shure. and OF heard yez sayin' some
Thin about Casey, said Mike, joining
1.-THE group. Phat's the matter wild hiine'
Everything the matter wild him, SAIL
!ly answered one OF the party. THE
big ilictric hammer at the foundry fell
lon his chest an killed him.
Faith an 0fni not surprised to hear
|tbot, thoughtfully commented Mike.
Casey always did have a weak chest"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

william Whitaker of Buckeye, KY, In
three nights caught in traps and snares
225 molly cotton taiP' rabbits.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

For best mashed potatoes: Peel the
boiled potatoes, mash and beat until very
light, adding salt, butter or oleomarsa-
nne and hot milk, a half-cup of milk to
SIX potatoes IL dinner is not ready to
serve, pile lightly in a pan and set in
the oven to brown.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-28

Potatoes are good in breads Get farm
ers bulletin No. ser, Bread and Bread
Making in the Home" from the depart
rent OF agriculture, Washington, d. G.,
TO learn how to make potato yeast bread.