davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-12-19
Returned to St. Elizabeth.

Commodore Elwood Bullock, sail
or, disappeared from st. Elizabeth
Hospital yesterday afternoon after
four other insane patients escaped.
He was arrested at Union station last
night by Detective Armstrong before
he could purchase a ticket and leave
on a train. Bullock was returned to
the hospital.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-12-19

Hialmar Branting, Swedish socialist
leader. has telegraphed President
Wilson, assuring him of the moral
support of organized Swedish labor
in his endeavors to carry out his
principles for the welfare of liber-
ated mankind against every attempt
to thwart his plans"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-12-19

DR.. Charles Wheatley. past assistant
surgeon of the U. S. N. r. F., was among
the passengers who arrived in New
York Monday on the Leviathan.
DR.. Wheatley entered the service at
the outbreak of the war. After a
months recruiting work in Charlotte,
n. c., he sailed in August, 1916, with a
fleet Of trawlers for France.
Fox sixteen months he was with this
fleet operating on the west coast of
France.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
Just a Moment
DAILY STRENGTH AND CHEER,
Compiled by John G. ouinius, the
Sunshine Man.

The most lost cynic will get a new
heart by learning thoroughly to believe
in the virtue of n man. Our estimate
OF human nature is in proportion TO
the best specimen of 1t we have wit
messed. When the precept Of love has
been given, an image must be set be-
fore the eyes of those who are called
upon to obey it, an ideal or type Of
man which may be noble and Unable
enough TO raise the whole race and
make the meanest member of it sa-
cred with reflected glory. Did not
christ DO this? Did the command to
love go forth to those who had n t@sg
seen a human being they could revt sk
Could His followers turn upon ! YA
and say, How can we love a GREAT, tS
so degraded, full of vile wants a
c~ontelnptible passions, whose little h|
Is most harmlessly spent when it
an empty round Of eating and sleepin1
a creature destined for the grave AM
for oblivion when his allotted term OF
f~retfulness and folly has expired ~ 0f
this race Christ Himself was a mem
Der, and to this day is 1t not the best
answer to all blasphemers of the spe-
cIes, the pest consolation when our
sense OF its degradation Is keenest
that a human brain was behind Ills
forehead and a human heart heating
in His breast, and that within the
whole creation OF God nothing more
or more attractive has
yet been found than He? And if o.,
be answered that there was in His
nature something exceptional ana ne
culiar. that humanity must not 10
measured by the stature of Christ Ist
US remember that it was precisely thT
L It ne wished it to be measured, d
1ghtlng to call Himself the Son Of M M
d~eiightlng to call the meanest ~ W.
Eind His brothers. Christ believed u
possible to bind men to their kind
on condition-that they wera n
bound fast to Himself.-Ecce Homo.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
FRANK H. SIMONDS' WAR ARTICLE
The Last Battle of the War-Subreme Wct01y

as to make 1t indistinguishable from
the first. 1t stretched from Lille be
nina La Bassee and Lens, before Doual
and behind Cambria and st. Quentin,
hurrowed the Disc trace as far as La
Fere, but then ran east, north of LSHn,
behind the Serre and the Sissone canal,
reaching the Aisne at Chateau PorCien
and following its north bank around to
Nouziers, whence 1t cut across the up
per end OF the ArgOnne to the Mouse
above Dun; east of the Mouse 1t re-
Joined the Metz defenses, passing by
Etatn and Contains.
The third line also rested upon Lille,
followed the Douai canal southwark
through Douai and thence followed the
Scarpe to the Scheldt, Between the
Soheldt and the Sambre 1t rested upon
the Ecaillon river and the Normal for
est. From the Samhre near Landrecles
u crossed via Hirson to the Mouse at
Mezieres, followed the east bank OF
that stream to Sedan, which was COW
cred by defenses on the west bank, and
then ran along the valley Of the CHEERS,
through Montmedy, to the Metz system
neal Contains. But this third line rest
ed upon the Scheldt river, south Of
Nalenciannes. and was thus serviceable
from the Scheldt to Metz, even If Lille
were taken.
The fourth system ran due east from
'"iNiN'NHhVot tiiVhkh hloht'hE' ~ tllt
Meuse at Glvet, thence behind the
Meuse TO a point of junCture with the
third line at Mezieres, thence eastward
1t conceded with the third line, Like
the third line, II was serViCeahle after
the fall of Lille. Thus in the case Of
both the third and fourth lines two
thirds of their extent were covered by
the water barriers of the Scheldt and
he Mouse rivers.
SO much for the four lines. They were
divided into compartments by the fol-
lowing north n south systems. From
Lille Il line followed the east bank of
the Lys and the Lys canal to the Dutch
frontier. This made it possible to hold
all four Of the east and west lines from
Lille eastward, even if the British and
BeIgians should break through between
the lays and the sea In the lpres area.
A second line followed the east bank of
the Scheldt and served the same pur-
pose, II after forcing the front between
the sea the Lys the enemy should
cross the LyS.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
KAHN FOR SPEAKER

The Republican party has an opportunity to commend itself
very strongly to the nation by the election OF Julius Kahn. of
California, as speaker OF the next national house Of representa-
tivcs.
Kahn's patriotism has been an inspiration to the people OF
this country. On numerous occasions when the Democratic
leaders were out OF sympathy with the presidents views, and
the remainder of the representatives OF the presidents party
were too lmpotcnt to assume the leadership, he has taken the
helm and steered a straight and an unvaryng course.
Kahns ability is recognized in the house Of representatives.
He is a Republican with strong beliefs in his party. That he
has on occasions spoken for the president perhaps may, untortu-
nately, initiate against his selection, but it would appear that it
should rather recommend him for consideration,
On the other hand it would be a national calamity if the
Republican caucus should choose James r. Mann for speaker
Mann is a reactionary Republican of the worst type. lie has
not pursued a course that would commend him to the American
people and his prejudice and rampant IDEAS OF sectional dis
elimination unit him for the responsibilities of the office of
speaker,
Kahn has contributed as much as any member of the house
toward the passage OF war legislation, and has shown himself
TO be a man without passion or prejudice. as we'll as beino
cminently qualified for the place. The Republicans would strike
a popular chord if they should elect him to preside over tmc
body that he has led with so much credit on other occasions
We may look for a land boom. Millions of people in Furone
have been waiting since 1914 to get across. MANY of these
have sold their holdings over there, and will buy lands when
they arrive hese
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
Third Switch Line.

A third switch line followed the east
bank Of the Disc, the Sambre-Oise canal
and the Sambre river, thus enabling the
central sectors of the German front in
France to hold on even If the enemy
should break through all three Of the
east and west lines, west Of the Sambre,
provided only that the fourth line be-
tween the Sambre and the SCheldt held.
A titth switch line extended from the
second east and west line at Marie, on
the Serre, back to the third line at Hir-
son, thus supplying another barrier to
the allied flood, even If It should pene-
trate in the center north Of laon.
Such was the German system, COM
pleN when described, simple to under
stand when explained by events, The
value Of the various parallel and per
pendicular lines is fully disclosed by the
progress of the offensive, The best fig
ure is always that of the water-tight
compartments Of II ship, In his case
the compartments did not serve to keep
the ship atloat finally, but they did
serve the highly useful purpose of de-
lay ing the thrush of the enemy flood
they prevented a local break from de-
rcloping into a general disaster. All
through this fight the war was one OF
positions, not " movement; such move-
ment as there was amounted merely to
the operations between positions, there
was nothing TO suggest the Old-faSh-
Toned war, dear to the soldiers Of all
ages. the war Of fun INC free m%aneuver.
Turning now to the fashion in which
Foch solved his problem, We sec that on
Sept, g6 he threw Pcrshing and Gou-
raud against that portion of the first
German lines between the Siuppes and
the Meusc, that iS, between the Cham
payne plain east OF Rheims and Ncrdun.
This operation, immediately successful
to a marked degree, resulted in the
teN cntual expulsion Of the Germans from
their first line from the Meusc to the
Aisnc, west Of the Argouue, But after
his first success Foch did not insist i'm
this region. he avoided great casualties
by methOdical rather than prcCipitate
exploitation Of his first success.
one day after he had launched his at
tack ON the eastern end Of the operative
front, that north Of Nerduu, FoCh threw
the RclgianS and plumCr'S Second Brit o.
ish army against the Germans at the
other end and broke through their first
line defcuScs between the LNs and the
sea. Again he did not Immediately in.
siSt after his first success. and the lines
momentarily stabilized themselves on a
front between Courtrai and Newport
the Germans standing on a rather
SketChV second line,
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
". =. r .. .' ~..' Twice Told Tales New, ,s 70 :.
NoVEMER is, 1898.

Rev. James Vernon is conducting a
series of revival services at the Linden
Avenue Christian church.
Grace church, corner Lauderdale and
Vance streets, built in 1855, was burned
yesterday morning, at 6 o'clock, with
a loss of $500, and Organist s, ].
Gilbert is under arrest OF a charge of
arson.
Chancellor Caprivi. of Germany, will
address the reichstag tomorrow on the
commercial treaties with Spain, Ru-
mania and Servia.
Judge L. H. Estes probably will m
nounce in a day or two his candidacy
for the judgeship Of the circuit court.
Miss Alma Black has arrived from
Stanton, Va, and is the guest Of Mrs.
b. G. Henning.
Two local packets yesterday brought
into the Memphis port 526 bales of cot
ton, 1877 bags of seed and 1898 sacks
of cotton seed.
Allen e. Finley, real estate, 16 Madi-
son avenue, are selling lots in the
Binghamton tract for $3.50.
Following the closing OF the Sam P.
Jones revival, nearly all Memphis
churches are conducting special relig-
ious services.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
Gamble Fails.

t - ---l,.
BY April L~udendortfs great gamble
had failed. in the MIDST OF success: A
week later after a tutlIe attack oetore
Arras, ne tired q new venture IN the
north with such reserves as remained
to him. Again he succeeded at the
start, seemed to be on the open road
to the channel and that was halted
west of KENNEL in the last days OF
April, when another French army ar
rived TO support the British, who had
fought ma gnificently and had suffered
no such disaster as had overwhelmed
Coughs Fifth army, BY May ! Luden-
dorff was ut the end of his resources.
He could do no more, and for a whole
month he gave his enemy a respite,
while he prepared a new blow.
The new blow was agan a brilliant
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16

I CAN remember.
THAT THE very first time.
I HEARD about pajamas.
I THOUGHT it was a fruit.
FROM SOUTH America.
.
OR A new kind of a dog,
FROM JAPAN.
AND THEN one day,
I READ in the paper.
WHAT THEY were.
AND THAT swell persons.
WERE ALL wearing them.
AND I was young.
AND HADN'T much sense.
AND WANTED to be swell.
AND I bought some.
AND THAT night,
FoI tnem on
AND EOI lIto oeo'
WIN mr. coat part
INSIDE OF the pants.
AM i! H"SnV coiilol'@pie
AMI rbapped Them.
0O my lhe coa' part
"Ao HAEHlNH uo"h'
AMI Wy pacN ~ oeo'
AMI u'e""'
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
News Of Memph
10 Years AGO.

Following the death of the Chi. 4
emperor, Hgsu, on Nov. IA, and y
dowager empress, Nov. Is, the threw
year-old Prince Pu VI has been placed
on the throne.
Rev. w. G. Hefley was made presid-
ing elder of the Memphis Methodist
Episcopal conference, which met this
week at Covington.
President-elect W, H. Taft has an
nounced he will call a special session
of the 61st congress after inauguration
to revise the tariff.
A dispatch from Vienna says the pos
sibility OF trouble between Austria
Hungary and Seryia has not yet been
eliminated.
L. A. Coromilas, Greek minister ito.
the United States, is the guess o'H'9
phis today. %
President Roosevelt is pls,&
take his family to Rome In
reported at the White House. q
Gen. Jose Miguel Gomez defe. -
Mario Menocal in the Cuban presidA
tial election, by 1872, S22 to 1883 votV
Mrs. J. c. Vardaman and James
Vardaman, of Jackson, Miss, are visiA
ing Mrs. D. B. Hollenburg, S66 MissisA
sippi bouleN ard.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
More British.

ON the same day Foch threw Hornets
First British army against the Germans
in Camhrai and Byng's Third British
army against the Germans ON the
stretch OF the Scheldt canal on either
side of lie Catelet, Here the progress
was much slower, as the British had to
fight their way through u l2-milC dcfea-
sive zone. But material gains were
scored at once. Next, on Sept, 80, Fnch
launched ~Rerthelot's trcnrh army
against the Germans still lingering be
+ tween the Nesle and the Aisne in the
ground familiar to Americans rs the
scene of the fighting of many OF our
troops IN July and August,
! The result Of these attacks was 10 set
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16

1t was the contribution without which
victory was impossible, and our soldiers
who spent their blood generously from
st. Mihiel to Sedan played a large and
honorable role in the final success.
Copyright, 1918, by the Tribune Asso-
citation
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
One of Pursuit.

After the first days of November the
story is one of swift and relentless
pursuit, pursuit by the British down
the valley of the Sambre through Maui
beuge and across the Belgian frontier,
until they stood on the ground where
Field Marshal Sir John French opened
the British phase of the war; pursuit
to the Belgian frontier in the center
by the French armies returning by the
roads along which LanZerac had re-
treated after the defeat OF Charleroi,
pursuit to and beyond the Meuse by
Pershing's young army. whose achieve
ment 1t vas TO retake Sedan and by
new splendOrs extinguish the old, un-
happy memories attaching to that city.
BY Sunday. Nov. 10. whose official
statements, in fact, close the military
history OF the war, the broken Ger
from the Dutch frontier to the out
skirts of Metz, they were still fighting
back as they retired at certain points.
They we're not yet routed in the mar
row sense of the word, but their power
for offensive or even for prolonged de-
fensive operations was at an end. Ihat
they coud have rallied and made a
successful stand west of the Rhine may
well be doubted as a military question,
even if the nation had not collapsed
behind the army and the home front
broken before the military front yielded.
Now We nave TO contrast the FOCn
method with that of Ludendorff, Both
had the same problem before them.
Ludendorff worked at his from March
81 to July IS. Foch opened his often
sive on July 5 and had his solution in
hand by the first day of November.
Both soldiers were troubled by the ele-
ment of time, Ludendorff by the ne
cessity of getting a decision r before
| America could take a real hand. FoCh
had to have a decision before winter
| stopped the operations. Ludendorff had
| almost four months; Foch is still a
| fortnight poorer in time. But bad
weather now will not affect him. his
| success has been so complete,
Ludendorff conceived that he could
win the victory by one gigantic thrust,
He returned to the opening days OF
the war and undertook TO succeed
where Moltke had failed, His first
blow. on March q, was one OF the
finest pieces of military mechanics In
the history of war. 1t came mighty
near to winning the continental phase
of the conflict. 1t failed because the
human machine was not equal to the
task set for it. BY the end Of a week
the great. victorious army was out sot
breath, out of ammunition; 1t had out
run its guns, and, once more, as al
Nerdun, there was Just line for French
| troops to arrive. Beaten as they were
the British had managed to hold on
as the French had at Nerdun. unit
aid could come,
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
Problem Faced.

AS Foch faced the problem in Sep
TENDER II was this: From tho Belgian
coast at Newport to the Swiss frontier
there existed n continuous line of de
lenses, which correspondent in the main
to the lines to which the Germans had
retired In 1917, and from which they
had started on their colossal sortie In
March Of the present year. OF this
extent OF front only that portion west
of Metz needs description now, since,
aside from the brief preliminary opera
ton at st. Mihiel. IL was not affected
by the September and october opera
lions.
This line of in~trenchments which the
allies faced was the first of four sep
arate lines constituting the major cir
cumstances Of German defense, But be.
tween these four lines. stretching in
the main from west to east, were a
number Of other lines running north
and south, dividing the front into com
partments comparable in all respect To
the wator-tight compartments of Il
steamer aud having the same purpose,
Thus, II the first or second line was
penetrated in some sector, the dislq-
cation would not communicate itself
on either side, because It was localized
by the north and south trench systems
and by the rearwRrd parallel line.
The salient features OF these defense
~ NN''hF N'l' NV GU W vas utplll
Lille and Metz, Those were the anchor
ages which held the great cahlelike
trench systems stretched across from
Flanders TO German Lorraine. All four
OF tho systems rested upon the Metz
circle of forts, all four at their other
extremity rested upou Lille, but there
| VAS this difference. that white the fall
Of Metz would have been fatal to al
four lines, the third and fourth lines
on their western end touched the
Scheldt river and We're thus still ten
able after lille had fallen.
The first Of the four systems or lines
which we have come to call tho Win.
deuhure line began Just north OF Nieu.
port, on the North sea, followed the line
facing passChcndaole ridge. which tn,
Germans had defended last year. cir.
cled about Lille, came south before L.
Rassce, through Lens. before nouhi
Camhrai, through 81, Quentin, followed
the east bank of tho Disc to la Fore
crossed the st. Gohatn forest. which
acted as a sort Of central hastion
turned east above scissors, followed tn,
old Cheniu des DANES works, include,
the forts north of Rheims. crossed tn,
plain OF Champagne and the Arronp,
forest to reach the Meusc Just nortl
Of Nerdun, and |cirCliug about the ia
miliar lines Of hat fort reached tn,
Mosellc south of the outer line Of Met.
forts,
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
The ubIiCB Be SerUed
CREs.U.S.P PAT. oT|
81 {. 9.

TO SHOW me some
AND HE was surprised
AND SHOCKED.
AND LEANED over the counter.
AND WHISPERED to me.
so THAT no one would hear.
AND TOLD me.
THAT NOBODY wore them.
ANY MORE.
THAT THEY wore pajamas'
AND HE was so nice.
AND SO sorry for me
THAT I had to tell him.
THEY WEREN'T for me-
AND. ANYWAY.
HE DIDN'T have any.
AND I went to the basement.
OF A department store.
AND GOT what I wanted.
AND IF the young man.
HAPPENS TO read this.
I WANT him to know.
I'M LIKE the little boy.
WHO REFUSED to sleep.
IN HIS sisters nightie.
AND DECLARED.
THAT HE'D sleep raw first.
AND THAT'S what I'll do.
I'LL SLEEP raw.
BEFORE I'LL wear pajamas.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16
In Last Ditch.

Just before the end of October, then,
we had this situation: From the Dutch
frontier right down to NalencienneS the
German was IN his last lire. Between
tho SCheldt and the SamDre he held
some clements OF his third line; east
of the Sambre he held his third line in
tact to a point OF irtercesston with the
Serre switch line, which connected him
with his second line, which was intact
all the way from the Serre to Metz,
II was, moreover, essential for him to
hold this line as long as possible, be-
cause it covered the Metz Mezieres-
Mauheuge railroad. the only double
track lateral line OF communication left
to him and the vital line for e~vacuating
material and supplies, now that he was
forced to quit Belgium.
But on Nov. I the Canadians. nper-
ating with the British First army, took
Nalenciennes, nus breaking through the
fourth German line at the point where
II touched the Scheldt, while the Amer
leans drove through the second Ger
man line between the Meuse and the
Argonue, The consequences OF this
double disaster were patent. The whole
line Of the Scheldt could now be held
for only "A brief period Of time, by
making use Of natural obstacles like
the Mons canal which enters the Scheldt
between Journal and NaienCtenneS the
whole second line between the Disc and
the Mouse would have TO he evacuated
and the Germans could oniy stand tenn
n~orarily behind their third line from
the Sambrc to the Meuse and thence
to Metz. They would have to quit all
Of France, save a narrow belt along
the frontier, and they could no longer
use the Metz-MeSieres Maubeuge rail-
way,
no all practical purposes tho deltv-
| GRANGE OF France, west or the Mouse,
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-16

The decisive phase OF the last battle
Of the world war opened on oct. s, when
Foch threw three British armies against
the Hindenburs line between st. QUEEN
tin and Cambria. Exactly five weeks
later Germany abandoned the war, her
power for resistance broken, her armies
forced from the last organized system
of defenses, the allied armies in Bel
gian territory all the way from Sedan
to Client, In all military history no
more swift and complete overthrow Of Il
military nation Is recorded, save in the
case OF Prussia, after Jena. Waterloo
overthrow Napoleon, but not France.
But Germany fell even more promptly
than her army To complete the mar
rative OF military events in these arti-
cles, 1t is now necessary to recount the
circumstances OF the final battle.
When In the opening days OF Septem-
Der LudendOrff, retiring from his de-
feats at the Marine in July and at the
Somme In August, arrived at the Hin
denburg line, he tool his position In
the most intricate and elaborate sys-
TEN Of defensive works ever fashioned
by the ingenuity of man. He believed
them to be im%pregnable, but whatever
doubt may have existed In any German
mind as TO the capacity Of the defense
systems for permanent resistance, moth
ing seemed less likely thar that, in the
10 weeks OF campaigning weather which
remained, Foch could force or turn
these works.
In the present article ] purpose In
some detail to describe this German
defense system, the fruit Of four years
of labor, manned by more than SOC, 600
veteran troops, provided with every
i l,. .nn ,AAN .t.EA a. - NgAn EAaE -
the experience of the greatest contest
in human history, the line, or series of
lines, which was shattered between
Sept. 90, when Foch opened the battle
by throwing pershing's troops in north
OF Nerdun, and the first days of No
vemher, when the British success at
Valenciennes penetrated the last detail
of the finAl Nnh of hefnnaR In Ernnrn