davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

the rock upon which nation and q race NAV he
built; If that be impaired we lack that founda-
ton and build on sand. 1t would be difficult
to overestimate the volume Of national inefl-
cheney, of unHtness and SUFFERING Of unnecessar ~
expenditure and of Industrial unrest and mem
ployability to which this country consents h.
cause of its relative failure to rear and TO edn-
cate healthy, virile and well equipped race
Of children and young people. There IL no in
vestment comparable to this no national ECONOMY
20 fundamental; there is also NO waste 10 If
retrieyable as that of a nation which il careless
Of its rising generation. And tho goal 10 NOT
an industrial machine. q technical workman. =
"hand.' available merely for the increase Of
material output and the acquisition Of q wage at
we'll grown and ready in body and mind. able Il
work. able to play. a good citizen. the healthy
parent Of q future generation.
IF further argument than the exam
pie of the countries were needed for
greater attention to the physical care
of children In the United States, 1t is
found in the result of the first draft,
with the result Of one-third of the mon
as not physically sound" said DR.. Peix-
otto. I'VE are told that q large pro-
portion of the reflections were for
causes dating back to infancy and
early childhood which could have been
removed had they been recognized and
treated properly at the right time"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
7HREE HUNDRED THOUSAND
children under school age die
every year in the United States.

AuCnOIlIleS dSEc0 tuAt dL loAbt
one-third of these deaths are prevent
able. One of the reasons for this be-
lief in shown in a chart which Is to be
seen in the federal children's bureau.
This chart shows faithfully and fate
fully that the babies of the United
States die in exact ratio to the IMAM
cial status of their parents.
II the family income is $1,000 and
over a year the infant death rate Is
shown TO be sixty per thousand. AS
the family income slides down the
scale. the baby death rate climbs up &C.
cordingly, with persistent intent OF
keeping the balance nicely adjusted.
When, therefore. the wage is $3.50 .
year and under the babies die at the
rate of one hundred and sixty a thou
sand. There is but one conclusion to
be drawn from the reading Of that
chart-to save those babies. or a just
proportion of them. their material sur
roundings must be bettered.
1t was because she felt that much can
be done for the children of her land
that Jessica 3. Peixotto. Phi. D., profess
ser of social economies. University Of
California. author and member Of Cali
fornia's state board of charities and
corrections. asked for leave from the
university. substituted an expense al
lowance for a high salary and came to
Washington to throw in her lot with
the woman's committee Of the Council
Of National Defense in its efforts to aid
existing conditions She is serving as
the head Of this committees depart
ment of child welfare and IL helping in
its endeavor to lower the death rate of
American babies this children's year Of
1918 by an intensive educational cam
paign 1t iS conducting In conjunction
with the federal childrens bureau.
Our hope" said DR.. Peis:otto in Q re-
cent interview, 'is so tc use the de-
Tense organizations Throughout. the
country that they can turn about and
save a certain quota Of the babies in
each community. Bat the babies can
not be saved without saving the moth
ers. The child cannot be well born II
the mother Is not we'll fed, and the
mother cannot be we'll fed II the fam-
lily income will not permit Of her OBJ
tanning sufficient and proper food.
There are two classes of undernour-
tshed mothers, the class which has not
sumcient income To provide for her
needs. ana that which can afford the
pseDee food, but does not understand
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

walk. and knocked him down with a
quick stroke given with the nat of his
blade. His horse struck the boy with one
Of his hoofs as the lad stumbled on his
face.
Big Ivan growled like an angry bear and
sprang from his hiding place. The troop
er's horse had carried him onto the side
walk. and Ivan seized the bride and flung
the animal on its launches. Tho police
man leaned forward to strike at the
giant. but Ivan Of the Bridge gripped the
left leg of the horseman and tore him
from his saddle.
The horse galloped off. leaving its rider
lying beside the moaning boy who was
unlucky enough to be in a street where
a score of students were holding meet
ing.
Anna dragged Ivan back into tho pas
sageway. More police were charging
down the street, and their position was a
dangerous one.
Ivan" she cried. Ivan! Remember
the dream! America. Ivan. America
Come this way! Quick"
With. strong hands she dragged him
they hurried toward the place where they
had taken lodgings From far of came
screams and hoarse orders, curses ana the
sound OF galloping hoofs. The terror was
abroad.
Big Ivan spoke softly as he entered
the little room they had taken. Tie
had face like the boy to whom you
gave the lucky pot" he said. Did you
notice 1t in the moonlight whom the
trooper struck him down.
YES" she answered. II saw"
They left Bobruisk next morning
They rode away on a. great putting.
snorting train that terrified Anna. The
engineer turned a stopcock az they were
passing the engine and Anna screamed.
while Ivan nearly dropped tho big
trunk. The engineer grinned, but the
giant looked up at him and tho grin
faded. Ivan of the Bridge was star
tied by the rush of hot steam. but he
was afraid of no man.
The train went roaring by little vii
lagos and great pasture stretches. The
real journey had begun. They began to
love the powerful engine. It was eat
ing up the versts at a tremendous rate.
They looked at each other from time to
time and smiled like two children.
They came to Minsk. the biggest
town they had ever seen. They looked
out from the car windows at the miles
Of wooden buildings. at the church
of st. Catherine and the wooden mills.
Minsk would have frightened them II
they hadn't had the dream. The farther
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

The stripping understood. He stopped
and kissed the hand Of Anna, and Big
Ivan patted him upon the back. They
were brother dreamers and they I'M
derstood each other.
Boris Lugan has sung the song Of the
versts that eat UP ones courage as well
as the leather Of ones shoes.
versts! versts! Scores and scores Of them!
versts! Versts! million more of them!
Dust! Dusti And the devils who play In It
Binding us fools who forever must stay in 1t.
Big Ivan and Anna faced the long
versts to Bobruisk. but<they were not
afraid of the dust devils. They had
the dream. 1t made their hearts light
and took the weary feeling from their
feet. They were on their way. America
started. and every verst they covered
lessened the number that lay between
them and the promised land.
IT am glad the boy spoke to u.s." said
And I am glad" said Ivan. Some
day he will come and eat with us in
America"
They came to Bobruisk. Holding
they rex Taxed were o It a.s
versts from the little village on the
Beresina, but they were not afraid.
Tho dream spoke to Ivan and his big
hand held the hand Of Anna. The rail-
way ran through Bobruisk. and that
evening they stood and looked at the
shining rails that went out in the
moonlight like silver tongs reaching
out for a 1ow-hanging star.
And, they came face to face with the
terror that evening-the terror that
h2d helped the spring breezes and the
sunshine to plant the dream in the
brain Of Big Ivan.
They were walking down dark side
street when they saw a score Of men and
women creep from the door of a squat,
implanted building. The little group re-
manned on the sidewalk for minute as
II uncertain about the way they should
go: then. from the corner Of the street
came a cry of Police" and the twenty
pedestrians ran in different directions
1t was no false alarm. Mounted police
charged down the. dark thoroughfare.
swinging their swords as they rode at the
scurrying men and women who raced for
shelter Big Ivan dragged Anna into a
doorway. and toward their hiding place
ran young boy. who. like themselves.
had no connection with the group, and
who merely desired to get out of harm g
way until the storm was over
The boy was not quick enough to escape
the charge. A trooper pursued him, over
took him before he reached the side
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

this magnitude, and feel the RESPONSE
bility placed upon me as the herald to
the state divisions of the woman's
committee of a project which has for
its end the saving of hundred thou
sand of the nations children. But the
response to the educational propa-
ganda which has gone out from this
Office to every corner of the country
has been astonishing and inspiring. The
effort made is bringing returns every
day in rapid organization of the states
for aetion.
prosperity are healthy children. If a
nation wants industrial prosperity. ii
must raise healthy citizens. Successful
on health. Health depends largely upon
income land income upon industrial
life. In its turn, industrial life de-
Ponds upon the strength, skill and in
telligence a nation can produce.
I'm war times more than at any
other the ranks of overstrain arise
through short-sighted enthusiasm. The
weakest spot must stand the strain
and the child is the weakest spot
Therefore, the child suffers. 1t is gen.
orally true that the hand of war falls
heavily upon those least engaged in
1.-THE very young and the very old
And this is largely due to the impos-
o'SA.teJ VI poSiH6 ouS iSSaiu ~ SASA
health.
Unless this is steadily pointed out
what happened to England and France
early In the war may happen to this
country. Exemptions were made in the
early months of the war to child labor
laws, and the effect was such that they
were shortly abolished and laws were
substituted In the interest of saving
the mothers and babies and to MAIN
tain family life and home care of chill
dren on a better scale than ever be-
fore. The result was that England.
during the second year of the war, re-
duo6d her infant mortality rate to the
lowest point in her history. Bills to
ing and occupational teaching on a
higher scale than ever before are pend
ing in the parliaments of both England
and France. England has for the past
twelve months allowed government
funds for the support Of children's play
centers.
Foreign authorities agree that child
welfare work must be developed now
in the midst of exhausting war; the
future of each nation makes this i'm
perative." said DIR: Peixotto, and she
calledAttention to a statement made in
the last annual report of the chief
medical omcer of the British board OF
education. This was as follows:
The European war has given new emphasis to
the importance Of the child as primary national
asset. The future and strength of the nation
unalesfionabiy depend upon the vitality Of the
upon his education and equipment for citizenship.
Great and far-reaching issues have their origin
and some OF their inspiration In him. Yet In n
certain though narrow sense everything depends
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

Numismatic Society. in his letter of
transmission, says:
IT take pleasure in sending to you
with my best wishes an eagle medal,
designed by Ell Harvey, the well known
American sculptor of wild life.
This portrays q real American eagle
born and raised in freedom. and repre-
sents q dynamic bird of ,alertness and
power that has been aroused to action
and IL about to extend its wings for world
democracy-the embodiment Of the spirit
Of 1917. The faithfulness Of this design
has been approved by Dr. William T.
Hornaday, director Of the New York
Geological Park"
It was thought by tho committee of
the American Numismatic Society in
trusted with the production of this medal
that bald eagle shown naturally was
more expressive of this. country than the
heraldic eagle Of the United States seal.
It was regarded as an opportunity to
make uss Of . lifelike eagle. true to ma
ture. caught in characteristic pose.
In criticism of the designs Of eagles ON
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

the coins Of the United States, a brochure
accompanying the eagle medal says:
''On June 20, 1882, the Congress OF tho
United States adopted the bald eagle as
its emblem on the arms and great seal
of this country. Since then: the various
renderings on our coins: medals ana
seals have made the national bird our
chief symbol.
although the seal has always shown
the eagle treated in semi-heraldic man
ner with shield on breast, the designers
Of our coins have felt free to treat the
eagle according to their own interpre-
tations Our first coinage showed free
eagle with outstretched wings, simply,
almost naively executed. A few years
later a conventional eagle hampered by
shield was substituted.
"In 1886 a beautiful flying eagle was
designed by Christian Gobrecht, but
was rejected in favor Of less impress.
sive bird. The Gobrecht eagle adopted
in 1885 for the cents was at best a
weak copy and proved unsatisfactory.
I'm 1907 move for the artistic Inn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
First American War Medal Is Sanctioned by Uncle Sam

provement of our coinage began to
bear fruit. and we find a diversity OF
eagle portrayals. Beginning with the
numbering flying eagle of the Saint
Gaudens twenty-dollar pieces. we pass
through'a series of golden eagles. with
ponderous leg feathers and a strong
Ptolemaic faint. to a beautiful decora-
tive eagle on the recent half dollar. A
glance at the rejected coin patterns
gives the impression that some Of the
best designs are to be found in this
series.
1.-THE medalssand tokens of the United
States show many interesting presen-
q defiant attitude. But for the greater
part the execution is mediocre and Of a
stereotyped nature. A study of the
series in its entirety will convince
those interested that the field il still
open and the possibilities large for
decided Improvement in the rendering
of the king of birds"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

securely rooted In the mind can one
talk reasonably Of infant welfare, for
1t has been proven that this is the basis
of the whole question. Certain charts
reau testify to this conclusion. 1 OBJ
served it not long ago in making stu
dies of infant mortality statistics OF
certain cities. In passing through New
Orleans | saw chart showing the
number Of infant deaths for 1917, which
showed distinct rise from 1916. Inves-
tigating the reason for this condition.
learned that the cost of living had in
creased so much beyond the rise in
wages among the laborers that proper
nourishmept was not possible for the
majority of those mothers who must
live on the wages Of those who work
along the levees.
There Is another menace to better
babies that must be dealt with these
war days. This is the mothers tempta-
the relation between a working moth
er and the neglect of her children
Three things happen all too often when
the mother goes out from the home.
The first is sickly babies; the second
children undernourished; the third is
the development in youth of wild habits
which lead them daily into delinquency
courts. The greatest war service a
mother can render Is to stay at home
and care for her babies.
"Of course there are exceptions to
this rule. You have doubtless observed
that when this matter comes I'D for
discussion there Is usually some one who
can say he or she knew a Mrs. x. who
worked out all day and had fine chill
dren. But Mrs. x. Is the exception. The
rule is that the broken home rears
broken children. The public should see
to 1t that the mothers Of the nation
should not be permitted to carry too
much industrial responsibility and
that they have sufficient income to be-
come the mothers Of healthy children"
Questioned regarding the giving up
OF her university work in the west to
take a hand in making the chfldren's
year success. DR.. Peixotto replied:
Il said yes to the invitation to come
to Washington and direct its child
welfare department extended to mo by
the womens committee Of the Council
of National Defense, because I believe
in = Q federal children's bureau and it's
leadership. Also. / believe that the
wartime brings new hazards to our
children. The children's year program
should awaken the nation to the needs
of its children and the mothers of its
children.
Il cannot deny that 1t has many
bark upon Z national enterprise of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
The Noisy Orchestra.

m HE banishment Of . symphony
u orchestra's German conductor Led
a millionaire music patron 10 say In
Chicago:
'"The orchestra will be better on With
out its old German conductor. for the
mans music was too noisy.
"A Boston woman once sued Ter
divorce. She told the court that she
wanted q divorce because her HUSBAND
snored.
But. madam said the 5uAge ~.
proachfully. didn't zen take youf huD.
band for better or woSOof
Eyes said she. but aidn't take HIN
for . symphony eFehastra's
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

upon the care Of their babies II they are
obliged to subsist on less than living
family income. This factor is one Of
the serious omissions generally made
when it comes to the actual cost Of
most child welfare programs
The work which we have outlined
for this years campaign is grouped un-
der certain topics. Four Of them are
concerned primarily with the needs of
normal children living in their own
normal homes. A NTH il concerned
with the special problems Of children
whose homes have broken down, or
who for any reason need unusual care.
of mothers. infants and young children,
home care and income, child labor and
education, and recreation.
The public must be taught what IL
costs to live decently according to
American standards. Not until that Is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
To Save One Hundred Thousand Babies During Coming Year

foods and their values o. thei- rela-
ton to the health Of infants.
Every child brought into the world
has right to be We'll born. To be well
born necessitates well nourished
mother. Educational propaganda along
this line is exceedingly important.
the mothers of children who de under
five years of age are lacking the means
of providing themselves with due gus
tenance 1t is also seen that the Ques-
ton Of saving the babies goes back to
seeing that the mothers are provided
with means sufficient to procure proper
nourishment for themselves. The Prob
lem narrows down to the point of it's
being impossible to preach to women
The Arvada enterprise., 1918-01-03
ABOUT THE WAR

Italians attacked by Germans from
another quarter.
German atrocities TO Americans re
ported on battle front.
Blk thousand Korniloff troops wore
defeated BY Bolsheviki.
Russian reports Indicate steady de-
cline Of power Of Boisheviki.
Greece will reward citizens Of that
nation who Join American army.
Holiday gifts from the American
Red Cross were distributed In the ltal.
ian trenches along the lower PiavC.
Two hours OF street fighting pre-.
coded the surrender Of the Bolshevik
forces in Hardin TO Chinese troops,
according to foreign office dispatch
A German submarine was sunk BY
the fire Of guns Of nm American pas
sengcr steamer approaching the Brit
ish coast according to reports Of the
passengers and Eunners aboard.
The British troops In Palestine have
repuised = Turkish attack north aud
northwest Of Jerusalem and made an
advance OF about two and one.hnli
miles along the Turkish right flank
says IN official communication. The
Turks suffered severe losses In the re.
pulse. which came after the British
pickets had been driven In.
Further reports Of the attempt OF
Austrian aviators to raid Trcviso
which resulted so disastrously for
them. emphasize tho brilliant work
done BY both Italian and British avi.
ators. Although eleven Austrian ma.
chimes were brought down. only q few
Italian airplanes were damaged. Five
Italian and one British soldier were
killed.
While their guns lombard the west.
ern front. the Germans are taking
troops from the eastern front for use
elsewhere. despite tho provision OF
the Russo German armisticc prohibit.
Ing such action. The artillery actiyi.
" In France has been moderate over
most OF the front md more violent
On the right bank Of the Mcusc. north.
east OF vesdun. the scene Of the Ger.
man attack nearly two years ago.
WESTERN
Six policewomen 10 serve sixty days
II . vice drive have been appointed BY
The city commission Of San Antonio.
Teas.
The Temperature was - below sero
ae Duluth. MINI. Dec. - and bitter
cold was reported elsewhere In north.
en- Minnesota Eveieth. MINI. where
4 vas ~ degrees below ssro. vas b.
hsved - ~ ~ eo,dsst town 10 ths
eo1oesy.
The Arvada enterprise., 1918-01-03
News Summary Of the Past Week

that harley ne, treat.d for .mui
Welded tvo bushAs rar, ner aors
than seed NOT ,ut tbroush the nro.
cess.
An order tn limit thaaea,. -, 6n,r tn
one ss.pound sack At q time tn mt =
stop to boarding has been isaued IA
all loc., retailers nv Countv Food Al.
ministrator Horace r n.rnn. AT
Grand Junction
Senator Charles a. Thomas If co,o.
RADIO was the author of that clause In
the appropriation bill. passed Aug o.
1916. which authorized the president
to take over and operate the railways
of the United States.
A,h.-.. rsnero,, and 1ro, p.a,.
sheepherders on n large ranch near
Pueblo were found shot to death. II
Ia believed that thew surprised some
sheen stealers at work and were killed
in the consequent fight.
us,c.,or,h no,v.r vho,...,. ao.,.
.r. =. ,r,,,ts vo....,,as ne,,,..v 49,
aa.. vii, oonoantr.ta .h.,s sa,,u..s
sorvico and will yunko Holivorfoc N
.ha rot.,I tr.do a,,r,r. ~ r,orn,..
hours ONLY of each business dav
Word was received IN Dervo- hv ~.
n.nvar hr.noh =, ~. .,..,c,s. ~.
s,.,sr ~ Tho sacred uaar. 10,
,m.or., ..,,,o., 800 h.,s =. W.,
caeo for Mother Francis Xavier Cab.
RIM foundress and superior general Of
the society.
The executive comm,ttee n, the
van... nav co,orodo c,uh mo, IN
Denver to initiate plans for the annual
dinner which will be held the night Of
Jan. 20, the anniversary of the ad.
mission of Kansas to the union. Mrs
Fannie r. Dove 10 president.
The Arvada enterprise., 1918-01-03
Minor Mention.


The Mcclure farm near Platteville
has beep sold for $4,000.
Colorado's total to the two Liberty
bond drives 10 S40.O17.S50.
The forestry service il preparing
timber tracts near Fraser for sale.
The Dillon mine at Cripple Creek ia
producing three carloads Of ore daily
Convicts at Canon City raised $50.
600 produce crop on the penitentiary
farm.
Community farm clubs are now be
Ing organized throughout Prowers
county.
Sixty thousand sheep are being fed
In the Wellington district near Fort
Collins.
Architects have completed plans for
an $4,000 Christian Science church al
Greeley.
Rev. Henry Kauerx and his parish
oners are planning a new Lutheran
parsonage At Brighton.
An undertaking establishment al
Greeley was destroyed by fire, en-
tailing'a loss Of $4,000.
An electric plant is being installed
at the Catherine Mining company q
property at Cripple Creek.
The Colorado Midland Railroad
Company Is establishing a freight
division point at Wild Horse.
The county commissioners Of Weld
county have arranged for an agricul
tural agent for the coming year.
The annual banquet of the Uncom
pahgre Valley Cattle and Horse Grow
ers' Association will be held Jan. IL
The Moffat county commissioner
have authorized the expenditure oil
SO. 900 on the improvement Of bridges
and roads.
1t Is planned to spend $4,000 on the
improvement Of the Rifle Craig road
running via Meeker. during the com
Ing year.
The Denver municipal coal depart
ment has sold $4,000 tons Of coal
since beginning operations two
months ago.
According to the Fort Lyon canal
superintendent, the average value OF
all crops produced under the canal In
1917 was $4S an acre.
The sugar factory at Grand Junction
paid 81 for beets in 1917. but now an.
nounces that for the beets OF the next
season It will offer $3.50 per ton.
Sugar cannot be purchased at retail
In Denver at more than so cents
worth at time, In accordance with
rules Of the Federal Food Administra.
ton.
County agent In Huerfano states