davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

tutions were invited. It was felt, ac-
the plan would eliminate a duplication
of effort, since these institutions had
been doing their usual amount of board
ing out even while the Home Bureau
was in existence. 1t was felt that by
leaving the problem to the institutions
the work was being put into the hands
of those best suited by experience and
equipment to accomplish it.
Home Care Under
City Supervision
A further advantage, she declared,
would be the direct supervision of all
the homes to which the city's dependent
children were sent by the city author-
ties Heretofore only those homes to
which children were sent by the Home
Bureau were, investigated by the city.
The institutions will still continue to do
their own investigating, but their work
will be checked up by city Investigators,
who will visit the homes on an average
of once a month.
An increase of from $25 to S35 will
be paid for the boarding out or placing
out of each child, and the city will fur
ther undertake to pay for the mainten-
ance Of children placed in homes out
side the city limits, something which
never was done before
However, the greatest problem before
those interested in the work is not so
much by whom it will be done as how
they are going to find sufficient suitable
homes for the children. There has been
marked falling off in the number of
homes available during the last year.
Whether this condition is due to an
increased general prosperity on account
OF high wages or because women are
finding more interest and occupation out
side their homes, it is difficult to saw"
declared Father Ludlow, head of the
Catholic Guardian Society, "but what
ever the cause, it is seriously hampering
the work on all sides. Every home that
applies for child is not suitable
home, by any means. think about one
in every four or five is found suitable,
for there are many important points to
be taken into consideration.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
Place-An All American Problem

she has to suffer in her home. Lately
women have entered fields heretofore
solely occupied by men--business and
journalism; but on a small scale"
There is no movement for political
representation of women in Ecuador.
Uruguayan women, says the consul
general Of that gallant little republic,
have much the same traditions and Gus
toms as those of the United States.
There is, moreover, an unusual move
ment against alcoholism there in which
the women, contrary to all Latin ira
dition, have taken the initiative-and
are being backed by the government.
The idea of this is to bring up the
coming generation Of young people to
do without the usual bottle of light
wine at meals; and the women with the
permission of the authorities, are con-
ducting nationwide lecture campaign
on the subject, concentrated chiefly in
the public schools. And, Incidentally
or perhaps not bit incidentally +
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

to join their husbands, found the state of
things intolerable. And it was they who
were chiefly responsible for bill intro
duced into the Legislative body of the
country providing that any woman who
was annoyed on the street need only re-
port the occurrence to the "vigilante' at
the next eerner for the culprit to be fined
$50 in the Argentine paper currepcy--
about $22 here-SSwithout her having to
appear against him.
The bill became law, but the street gal
lants Of Buenos Ayres refused to take
it seriously, and continued the habit
Of generations. They felt sure their own
women would not take advantage of this
new right, and felt little fear of minor
ity of foreigners.
BY one of those strange twists of pop
ular fancy, however, the law became
STANDARDIZATION because pent-up
humiliation suddenly found vent for
women who had been suppressed in every
way since time began, or because we of
the Western Hemisphere often like to fol-
low the lead Of European sisters, no one
can say Be it as it may, woman had
come into her own in one small issue
and she made the most of it,
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

beg to state that in Cuba women are ad-
mittcd to the higher institutions of learn
ing and are permitted to practise tho pro-
fcssons derived. There are two three
doctors in law, science and pharmacy, and
many teachers and writer's and painters.
At present Cuba has neither any industrial
teaching for women nor institutions totrain
women in business.
To certain extent rather unnoticeable,
women in Cuba enter into the business world
as sa aeswomcn, buyers for shops and as
clerks in general.
There few stenographcrs, with ten.
dency to increase.
Many women are actually working in fac
perfumcry corsets, fans, hats, shoes,
hosiery and knitted goods, confectionery and
chocolates, lithographng establishments.
and many are dressmakers and mlliners.
women employed in factories at unskilled
labor. Women are not being used on farms.
There is in Cuba one organization, just
like the one in this country for equal suf-
frage; but we have not any organization
for the welfare of women and girls, such as
the Young Women's Christian Association.
There is a project for the creation of
ladies' club, for educating and protecting
women by means of conferences. free teach
ing, aid. etc.
! quote from Mrs. Angelina Fantoli, of
Havana, follows:
"The Cuban woman has always been rec
ognized in the family as a careful and low
ing mother to her children. Perhaps,
account Of the characteristic fondncss of
her race, her motherly affection is some
what exclusive; nevertheless, these ideas
among certain classes arc becoming modi-
fed and enlightened by culture. The Cuban
woman, owing to her limited liberty of ac
ton, the customs of the time or lack Of
means of education, did not till about 1880
enter the militant camp of intellectuas;
but when she did so it with great
promise and sound womanly intelligence"
Yours respectfully, l.. DOLE,
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

learning, are permitted to study and
practise the professions, receive indus
trial training preparatory to work in
weaving, knitting, lace and Panama hat
factories. Business training is given
them in the normal schools. They are
also, as are their sisters in Europe and
here, working on farms. To quote the
letter received from the consul general:
''The Ecuadorian woman stands out
among all the South Americans for her
devotion to the home and for preserv-
ing the ancient Spanish traditions, and
possesses all the qualities of the classic
Latin matrons. The laws of the republic
grant a divorce by mutual consent
of the parties, but the woman seldom
takes this course, no matter how much
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
Ali Religions
Favor Home Care


"The late Cardinal Farley made pub
lie a statement in which this was recog-
nized, reinforcing the view of the ia
nous Washington conference when
Theodore Roosevelt was President, and
of the New York State Conference of
Charities in 1915. Both these confer
ences, in which all religious views were
represented. declared in favor of the
family home for dependent children.
when Commissioner Coler took office
it was predicted that he would abolish
this bureau, but he asserted on several
occasions that he had no such intention,
although he found serious objections to
the way in which it had been admins
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

"For one thing, we do not wish peo-
pie to take these children to board mere
ly as a means of earning their lveli-
hood. In such cases serious abuses are
sure to result, cases such as | myself
have witnessed right here in the neigh
borhood, where woman will take three,
four or five children to board and habit
ually go off all day and leave them
locked in a tiny tenement room.
1--WE want the people who take these
children to take them because they love
children, because they are actuated by
motives Of charity and are anxious to
give these little ones the best possible
chances for developing into helpful,
happy manhood and womanhood. If
they but realized it, too, they would be
doing themselves a charity, for a child
less home is as unnatural and incongru-
Gus thing~as a homeless child.s
"The ideal boarding home, in my es-
timation, is with childless couple or
with people whose children have grown
up, somewhere in a suburban or rural
district, away from the temptations and
dangers of crowded communities.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
Friendship With Mexico
In Women's Hands

Miss Elisa Cortez, one of the foreign
secretaries of the Y. w. C. A., was born
in Mexico City and educated in the
United States of which she is now a
naturalized citizen. She feels that a
large part Of the friction between this
country and her own is the lack of un-
derstanding and sympathy in purely So
cial relations.
at is pity says Miss Cortez, that
the very word Mexico should bring up
in Northern minds a picture of Pancho
Vilia-illiterate, brutal, vain, lawess
Pancho Villa. They think we are all
like him, but we are not There are
many proud old families in Mexico;
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
LhiIeUns and T1~,.
guayans Are Amer.
leans, Too

young men could meet and talk anaI
spectable?" ''Oefeo re-
An enthusiastic suffragist bs,..,,
Miss Cortez then proceeded IN nsrs,
another miracle. She began to tail ,iOlm .l.a1ma
votes for women. 'n aoous
At first the Argentine women r...,,
not hear of it. Thev had T,s.ua rasd YOU'D
m'lltants in England and it was AZ .as .a
mucn Tor them. But Miss Cortez w. =,
sured them that the movement was bo;a ss-
carried on IN a quiet and dignified ws,, ing e
North America-that North Amar;y.ai 10Y n
women never would do ANYTHING ,,nSsN Ian
nlfied- And finally she won tbens lug o.g-
and society was formed for The 0.ef ss
tension of the franchise TO Women VIC e.
And then" concluded Miss Cnr+.-
great disgust, what should banna, nssez I'm IN
that the National Womans PARTY ~, -
Washington began to attack the ProI; ~
dent, start street riots, get arrested I'ss. y.
on hunger strikes-and then and a, tboso ~
the Argentine Woman Suffrage Asso";.
tion dissolved and went out of bus;nes, ba,o-
saying that they refused to ioin in ~ sa,
movement that was identified with s',eS
disorder. '' 'u'n
Don't you think that if those uoroon
IN Washington had realized what effset f.,t
their actions were having upon the 80 ID
vancement of their own cause sevan
thousand miles away they would b.vo
thought twice before they indulged n
anything so destructive?" :"
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

Asst weeks article described the
"boarding out" system, by which
the homeless and dependent chill
dren in New York hitherto have been
cared for in private families, where the
city paid their expenses and provided su-
pervision. The finding of these homes
and the placing of children in them was
done by various hospitals and child-car-
ing institutions.
During the last administration the
City of New York went so far in further
ing this idea as to itself take over part
Of the work Of placing dependent chill
dren in private homes. The Home Bu-
reau in the Department of Charities was
established for this purpose.
Considerable CONSERVATION and sur
prise were felt on all sides among those
who had the welfare of the city's charges
at heart when it was learned that cut
Of $4,000 in the appropriation for this
Home Bureau had been made by the
present city administration.
Upon inquiry Tribune representative
was informed by Bird S. Coler, Com
missioner of Charities, and by Miss
Mary Tinney, who is in charge of the
Boarding Out Department, that this ap-
parent cut is not cut at all, but a
transfer of the funds to other agencies.
The Home Bureau as such has been dis
continued, and the work of boarding out
and placing out dependent children, it
was said, has been put entirely into the
hands of the charitable institutions that
have been making a practice of doing
this work for years.
Among the institutions named as en-
gagged in this work are the Catholic
Guardian Society, the Children's Aid So
ciety, the State Charities Aid, the Cath
olic Home Bureau, the Nursery and
Child's Hospital, New York Founding
Asylum, Hebrew Infant Asylum, the
Guardian Angel Asylum, in Brooklyn;
the Child Adoption Committee of the
Speedwell Society.
The move was made following con-
ference at the Department of Charities
70 which the heads of the various insti-
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
The President of Cuba
Thought Women People

1t is interesting to find that in Cuba
President Menocal himself brought down
criticism upon his head for employing
women stenographers in his "palacio"-
but it takes only little criticism to
set fashion sometimes, and since that
day the emancipation of women has al
most become the fashion in Cuba, as the
following letter seems to Indicate:
Editor Women's News, The Tribune.
Dear Madam: In reply to your letter
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
No Fear for Mems
Rights in Peru!

Editor Women's News, The Tribune.
Dear MADAME beg to acknowledge re-
reached this morning, in which you
require information respecting feminine
activities in Peru
would say that, with the exception Of
company in Lima and the principal cities,
which the general consensus of opinion is
agreed to consider less than inefficient, and
a few timid excursions in the realm Of
department store counter work, besides the
usual feminine occupations Of dressmaking,
millinery and kindred occupations, far
the absorption by women of the field of
occupations reserved to men has hardly
begun in Peru. Nor do | think, given the
characteristics of the Peruvian woman, that
this is to be feared, at least for some years
to come.
There arc women writer's (Zola de Ca
cores. Dora Meycr) whose reputation can
be said to have gone beyond merely local
recognition. The fear of ridculc, which is
still potent among South American nation
alites, has, up to the present, prevented
the progress of the tcncts of equal suf-
fragc among Peruvian women, though there
are one or two struggling pioneers, whose
proselytizng does not meet with more than
merely academic encouragement.
There are few factories in Peru, for it is
yet, not an industrial country; so the
opportunities for the employment of women
arc not many. Nor can women be said to
be employed in agricultural labor, except
AS cotton pickers in the cotton producing
centres Of the north and south, and then
not to any very great extent.
In Lima women are employed in the few
factories which are operated, such as soda
water works, breweries, match factories
textiles; but compared with their number
in other countries, in proportion to popu-
laton. it cannot be said that women are
employed extensively in Peru.
Women admitted to the higher insti-
tutions. There women doctors Maria
Rodriguez Dulanto is the best known
practising physician) and u great number
of students in pharmacy. The pedagogic
profession has always been we'll repre-
sented in all its branches. Though women
have been admitted to the bar, there are
none practising.
There are, properly speaking institu-
tons for the industrial training of women.
though the Beneticenca Publica dc Lima
which has charge of hospitals, poorhouses
and suchllke institutions, maintains arts
and crafts schools, where poor children of
both sexes, orphans, etc, are taken in and
taught trades. There also several pri-
vate enterprises, due to the interest of Mrs
Juana Alarco de Dammert, who has founded
several "creches" and maternity houses
lCura MaternaD. The municipality also
has establi lished public rcfcctories for school
The Centre Social de Senoras can be said
to train women for business, teaching
stenography and kindred subjects, and bust
ness houses are beginning to employ
women on their staffs. Yours very truly,
EDUARDO HIGGINSON.
Consul General del Peru.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
Boston Is Ahead
OF Us Now

Father Scanlan also told me that Car-
dinal O'Connell has always given nls
cordial support to the boarding OF ae.
pendent children in suitable reagiouS
homes.
"a startling contrast in institutionai
care at the best as against family tai.
in the home was afforded by the recenee
influenza epidemic in Boston. Out VI
$500 children in boarding homes there
were eight deaths In an institution ~.
crippled children the little ones went
to their supper perfectly well. Durins
the night the epidemic started, ana DC.
fore it ended more than cRe-nan 'n''
number had died. .,at
at was most interesting to ma ,hs'
there is no religious prejudice IN bossun, .;,as
Father ScanlaD spends most OF i'Is I'M I'M
cooperating with the city in boarding.
out Catholic children. In Boston so'.I
find nothing but universal approve, a',or. u,
the boarding out system, oaseu ufl ffsal
years of successful experience, SO Nv, we
now more keenly than ever Ina. ~
women have a great work oei0le Vork
get for our children here IN New io,s 20
the same humane treatment thes O."
receiving in another state. .Ler
In 0ther WOrdS, dtleI hii. .b;I-
seems less mindful of his family Oh thor tt
dren in this administration tnan Thor o.h
city fathers. 1t is time, then, Tor MI;ssd M.S;sed
Knickerbocker, the newly enIranJh,d NJ and
voter of New York, to get on the !ou a, 10
see to it that better care is gur,ar, g'scn
those who, in every stage OF nv n1 are
progress, with the vote and wiIhou''
her especial charge. .,s ,ity
That one body of women IN u'o ehowa
have seen this very present duty Is sI Any
by the announcement of the Lad,es .hat i
iliary of the LyingIn Hospital .'ss ssfe,
will begin a campaign to-day loi d,rirg
guarding the children OF the Guy Cont count
the reconstruction period. An Iii he
of the plans of this organlzat'9n. Oh Trib-
found in the news section OF InI n
une this morning. pn' d
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

sent. They landed in oxcarts, spent
three months learning Spanish, and then
were sent even to remote country dis
tricts to organize schools, teach every
thing that was taught in them, preach
sanitation, fight cholera and do all the
other odd jobs of the community, single
handed and unchaperoned Those Of
them who are still living have been re-
tired and are pensioned by the govern
ment. And they aren't the least re.
spected of all the people in the ArgeIl-
tine, either.)
So now it is up to the womanhood Of
North America again to point the way.
The women of the other America have
felt our coldness. They are waiting fo,
US to extend a hand. They need US, for
they will be in peril if they are not
helped.
For only when its womanhood wakes
up will Latin America be greao.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
It's Up to Us
Other Americana

Womanhood in South Amerca is wal
ing up, and it is the JOB of North Americs
to light it's way. 1t was George Wash.
ington who pointed out the wav to free
dom for San Martin, who led the A.
gentine revolution against the Old World
dominion thirty-fve years after ours and
became the Washington of the Argentine
Republic. And it was to the United
States that ex-President Sarmiento an
pealed about 1880 for teachers 10
establish public school system similar
to ours down there. (And, by the way.
fourteen young American women com,
prised the force of teachers that were
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
Women Lawyers
In Paraguay

In Paraguay women are being used
to great extent in farm work They
are admitted to institutions of higher
learning, and practise law, medicine and
teaching. There are several rather nota-
BILE women lawyers, among them Sera-
tina Davalos, director also of COM
mercial school which gives courses in
accounting, bookkeeping, mercantile
expertness' and translation. Women
also are present in the business world
as stenographers, saleswomen, buyers
and cashiers.
This is unusual activity for the de-
scendants of Spaniards--but the. con-
sul's letter adds an explanation: "By
way Of general information l would
merely say that during and following
the long war that occurred in the
SOS in which the male population of
Paraguay was almost wiped out, the
women took up and carried on every
form of activity, all the men being in
the army until they were victims of the
war"
There is no suffrage movement, how
ever, in Paraguay
IT, NI1l~>~sS
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
The "Joker"
In Venezuela

Venezuelan women theoretically are
admitted to institutions of higher learn
ing and permitted to practise the pro-
fessions which they learn--but there is
Joker" in this generous provision for
their advancement, since, apparently, no
schools exist where they can be pre-
pared to enter such institutions! There
is, however, manual training school at
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

children and was organized under the
Mitchell administration. 1t was widely
heralded as one Of the most enlightened
the view of the leading representatives
of all the religious faiths, who recog
nized that it would supplement and not
impair the work of children's institu-
tions.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

Caracas, and business schools-although
so far, apparently, few women have
gone into business. There is no record
of the employment Of women in industry.
They are, however, being used on farms.
And there is no suffrage movement
The data on the Republic of Peru arc
too interesting to quote except directly,
just as they were written, to one whose
lack Of feminine modesty and whole
some "fear of ridculc' we're amply
demonstrated by the very circumstances
in which she wrote for information, as
one who had usurped the divine right of
men by working on a newspaper:
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

tered by his predecessors. If public an
templated the abolition of this bureau I
know there would have been a storm of
protest from every woman's organiza-
tion with which | am familiar. | OBJ
serve that Miss Tinney, Mr.. Coler's as
sistant, refers to the conclusions of
conference Of the heads of institutions
as justification for the abolition of the
bureau This conference seems to have
been made up Of representatives of or
CARNATIONS to which the activities of the
city's bureau might easily at times have
been competitive. 1t is not surprising
if such a conference should have been
adverse to the bureau.
"To cut out this bureau is to return to
the old discarded methods and to for
sake energetic and progressive develop
ment of the policy of family home care
for dependent children.
Institutions Have
Their Special Function
There is no religious question in it
CIlcIc Is ilO dllCl-lllSClSuIlUu SplElC III II.
The institution will always be needed
for children who are defective and sub
normal, for temporary care, and for chill
dren for whom suitable homes cannot
be found. | observe what Father Lud-
low says about some boarding homes. l
agree with him, but they are the excep-
tion and not the rule.
II have recently interviewed Mrs.
Baylor, of Boston, who was loaned by
famous Massachusetts charity society to
aid in establishing the New York bureau.
She says there are just as many good
foster homes in New York as in Mas
sachusetts.
Il went to Boston recently to study
the Massachusetts boarding out system.
Father Scanlan, director of the Catholic
Charitable Bureau, said to me: in the
placing of children in foster homes
rather than in institutions Massachu-
sets follows a method that meets with
general acceptance nowadays. The re-
ligious as we'll as the temporal welfare
of the children is properly protected. I
have often been asked what | think of
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24
You Never Can
Tell About Fashion

When one realizes how impossible such
situation would be in another country
one does not wonder that Englshwomen
when they first began going to Argentina
New-York tribune., 1918-11-24

the Massachusetts placing out system.
AS system it worked exceedingly well.
One alternative would be institutional
care, but it is very generally agreed now
that the institution seems best for TEN
porary care of children who, after hay
ing been brought into shape and htted
for normal life, are placed with private
families. Every one comedies the family
is the normal place for the normal chllo.