The courier-index., 1918-10-18
President Wilson's
 Famous IA Principles

President Wilson's famous fourteen principles of peace laid down in his address to Congress the 8th day of last January They designated by him "The program of the worlds peace. The. fourteen principles follow:
 1. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at after which there shall be private international un- derstandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view.
 ?. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the outside territorial waters alike in peace and in cept the may be closed in whole in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants
 3 The removal. so far as possible. of all econom- c barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations cOnSenng to the peace and assocating themselves for its maintenance.
 Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armament will reduce to the lowest point sstent with domestic safety.
 5 Free. open minded and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims based upon strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the popua on concerned have equal weight with the equitable claim of the government whose title is to be determined
 G. The evacuation of all Russian territory and will the best and reest cooperation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her unhampered and unembarassed opportunity for the independent de termination of her political development and tona policy and assure her of sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her choosing, and, more than welcome, assistance of every kind that she need and may herself desire The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their good will of their comprehension of her needs distinguish ed from their interests and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy
 z Belgium. the whole world will agree must be evacuated and restored without any attempt limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations No other single act will serve this will to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with another Without this healing act the whole structure of international law IS forever impaired
 & All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly 90 years, should be rghed in order that peace may once be made secure in the interests of all.
 g. A readusment of the frontiers of Italy should be affected along clearly recognizable lines of nation ality.
 10 The peoples of Austria Hungary. whose place among the nations wish to safe guarded and as sured should be accorded the freest opportunities of autonomous development.
 II. Roumania. Serbia and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories resored Serbia accord ed free and to the and the relations of the several Balkan states to another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economical independence and terri torial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into.
 12. The Turkish portions of the present Ottoman empire should be assured secure sovereignty but the other nationaities which under Turkish rule should be assured undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous de- veopment and the Dardaneles should be permanently opened as free passage to the ships and of all nations, under international guarantees.
 13. An independent Polish state should be erect ed which should include the territories nhabitated by indsputaby Polish populations which should be ed free and secure to the and whose polt cal and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenant
 IA general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of a fOrdng mutual guarantee of political independence and