davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
Financial Briefs

United Coal Corporation trust certi-
hcate holders have been Informed that
the trust will be terminated Januarv TX
next. New certificates are TO be ready
January ] in exchange for the trust Ger.
tifcates.
The French Senate today adopted the
bill, recently passed by the Chamber Of
newing for twenty-five years the prlyi.
lege of the Bank OF France. "
The New York Stock Exchange seat
or the late A. Obrig sold for $65, 900.
Last previous sale was $50, 900.
The Pitts6urgh stock Exchange has
and 50, 900, 900 additional preferred stock
OF the West Penn Traction and Water
Power Company.
The committee on securities NJ the
New York Stock Exchange has ruled
that the preferred stock of the Kansas
city. Southern Railway Company will
not be quoted eX-dividend of 81 on De'
cember 81 and not until further notice.
AZ the tenth annual meeting of stock
holders Of the Belmont Trust COMPANY
two new directors were elected-Frank-
to All vacancies. The following we're Re.
elected for a term OF four Years: I
Franklin Winner, John FISHER. Eugene L,
Townsend and j, Clark Moore, Jr. The
company's deposits have reached LOCO
900, an increase of so per cent in The
past year. The net earnings were about
10 per cent on the sl25.0O0 capital.
The New York ~subtreasuTy gained
S35, 900 from the banks yesterday, maxi
ing a cash net gain since Friday OF
1924, 000. -
The jute, hemp and cordage section Of
tha limit uppda uaptiang aud .,I,.t.I.- "A
vision of war Industry board were ali
disbanded today.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
NEW YORK BUTTER AND EGGS

Nav York, Dec. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES.
$500 tubs. Higher scoring. 20 7O14c; ex.
>tras. SOC. inside; hrsts. 64@8shc: seconds.
90 a q ei2c: State dairy, ~ soc.
@T2c: extra Hrsta. GS6 roc; nrsts. 65 @8Ic;
seconds. s2@65c; refr!Eerstor. special
0b5c; checks, 46@45c: state white. gOc,
asked; Pacific. Coast white, 9Oc; nearby
whites. IL O Ssc: brown, 7h@ SSC: mixed color.
sc "a lac.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
FURTHER SELLING OF FOURTH
LIBERTY BONDS WEAKENS MARKET.
Liquidation Attributed to Unloading of Insurance Com
panies to Help Pay Influenza Death Losses
Tone Nervous in Late Trading
High Points in Today's Financial NetOs

HcdrU selling Of fourth Liberty Loan bonds onhnucd to cause IN
c1sncss o. NetU York Stock Exchange. and most issues toerel oWer. De-
mnnd for oils decreased in curb market. Corn Advanced. Cotton NJ off,
but ended higher. Neutral exchange cdS loUer. An extra stock dividend
~s declared BIZ directors Of Tobacco Products Company. Pennsylvania Rail!
road Company sold $50 600 900 north Of general mortgage 5 per cent bonds
due IN 1868. through Nc York bankers. Bar sIUer tUds unchanged.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
II, s. Extends British Credit

Washington. Dec, 2o.-The United
States has extended to- Great Britain
agreement that Great Britain would fur
nish the United States Treasury with
an equivalent of that amount in pounds
sterling to meet requirements of Ameri-
can eXpeditionary forces. Great Britain's
total credit Is now S4,195. 900, 900 and
total TO all the Allies $S,464,7 ZOE, 900.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
Liverpool Cotton

quiet today with prices unchanged on
the basis OF 21,57d for middIing, old
contract. The sales were 500 bales, The
receipts. were 10000 bales, including
steady in the early dealings. Spot nrices
were: American, middling fair. 22, $50 !;
good middllng. %. god middling, 2l.57d +:
low middling, 20.52d GOOD ordinary
I'D and ordinary, 1S47d.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
PROPOSALS.
ooie. Of THE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
wv" Rooms 1870 l39, City Hall,
phliaJelphin.,

HuFeuu OF Neikhtb ana Measures.
Sealed proposals for the necessary books.
printing, ststi9nsIy SUPPLIES, etc. Ts9Hirsd
be- delivered at the Bureau Of Weights and
W.ssures, Parkway Building, Broad and
Cherry 81" Philadelphia. AZ such, times
out the entire year, as. shall be called
Tor by this Board, and subject to Inspection
and rejection ~ not as represented. will be
pscelved al Room la4, City Hall. on Friday,
December 27th, 1918. at I2 o'clock noon. al
which time said proposals. viii be opened,
responsible bidder, Bids from others Than
those engaged In actual business In the
sidered nor entertained, Printed schedules
upon which the bids must be made will be
Mynlshed upon application e, this, once.
Dollars $4,000 no bid wilt be received unless
accompanied by a certificate from the City
Solicitor stating hat a bond has been nied
In accordance with tho provisions OF an
Ordinance q Councils approved May 26,
1890. The Hoard reserves, The right. 10 as.
part as ! may deem best for the Interests
GEORGE Y, HOLMES.
HARRY KUENZEL.
II. y. R~ICHARDSON,
County Commissioner,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
No Change in Refined surar.

New York, Dec, 2o.-No change was
today. The demand contisues mo mdssets
with local reiners quoting on tho basis
Of Sc, less 2 per cent for cash. The
Federal, the Warner and the National
are unchanged OF d.O66e. -
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
Tobacco Products Pays Stock Dividend

New. York, Dec. 20.-Directors of the
Tobacco Products Corporation haye au-
thorIzed the distribution of $1,600,000 or
common stock In the form OF a stock
dividend Of 10 per cent to common stock
holders. The capital issues committee
has approved the issue. The dividend
will be paid January IT to stock Of res
ord January 2.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

Washington, Dec. 20.-The wa finance
corporation has granted its application
for an advance to the Southern Railway
Company of about Sc, 800. 900, subject
TO approval of the director general of
railroads.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
P.ri, hour.s Ws.k

Paris, Dec. 20.--Prlees were weak on
The Bourse today. Three per cent renree
81 france rs continues exchange oil Ion-
don rs frants H1H confines & Der cent
loea IS tFRhes Az esptimer,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

'ES a~lyidsnd-A% TEL a Tel 2 Sslit9r;;
s sisss- sssa,eSISp stesi ana Iron Pprsfsrrsd, IL
United Fruit ~ Western unlon. IN WHY'S
Overland preferred, ~ Goodrich. ~ Ju-
illus Kayser. 2; Homestake Minine. V On
iaFio SILVER y ,Cluett-Peabody preferred.
feYsl Tssse.$ bf Ssna.', ss ssss' re.
bs ~, d4pS1S ~ seass IL;
ofsnt noine. Ovens Bottle ptsiorlkd.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
BANK CLEARINCs
Inerease IN Ginned Conon

washington. Dec. 2O.-The census
the amount OF cotton einDed from the
growth OF the crop OF 1915, 70 Detem-
her 10. AZ t0Hte.o00 bales counting
round es half palea compared ,y.sh TX
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
PHILA. INACTIVE STOCKS

Following are quotations for inactive
stocks listed in the philadelphia STOCK
Exchange and in which there. were no
transactions today. Thu price given
Is the asst previous close:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
BAR SILVER
DIVIDENDS
THE p,RRERTrTT' PC66MNPPA;Ny q. i

TIFF BNHK NUITNNl NNiJI
seyenty-hve cents 81 75l per share has been
decia red on. both, Common. and Preferred
Jersey. and the Preferred stock Subscription
ReccIpts OF the American Coal P5TSuc,s
ComPany' paERnlS on ~ Stsn racnTd w" at the
close OF business December q lNIs and
and the Preferred Stock subscription Re
ceIpts holders Of the American Coal Products
Conpgny OF record as at the close OF bust
ness Decpmher 80. 1918.
Airo n, eNtrl cash dividend Of one dollar
HiJ pcr share on the Common Capital
Stock Of this Company has been declared
payable OH. January q 1919. to stockholders
the Common Stock on an. eight per cent 49,
dIyidend basis for 1918. Under normal con-
ditions II il the expectation Of the Directors
mai this dividend rate can be continued.
'' ERNEST J. STEER
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

1-v5el THE UENTRAL NATIONAL nANE
~ OF fHiLADELPHM
December 10 1918.
fssss ssssss SisisS.' isls' ssl ssss' II
VIZ y conaAg
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
0aTzy4 IN THE ORPHANS' COURT ron
the Ce.nty o. phiiadeIphIa.
ANNUAL MEETINGS
urzEe THE BANK OF NoRTH AMERICA.


Phiiadelphia, December 9th. 1918.
me Annusl Alsetlns OF the Stockholders
~ this Bank viii be held At It's Hankfns
HOUSE on Tuesday. January 18th. 1919, be-
fWe4n twelve O'Clock noon and one O'CLOCK
Ia serve for the ensuing year.
y, $. KRoMER "a ,h,.,.
n1rSsTHE PR0VIDENT LIFE AND rRUaT
~ rgSPANY or PHIIAOELPHiA.
ss 4 Rtf'sLs9sris Ao9gsl Me ctlnS e m:
fhlia4elphie .SuI ~ held al rs once.
h2 y AZ !, S Talpiisth is, o. sssssrs mgs
|IrpnfFf> I1n ~ 10 o'clock "a. IN. An
e nts n.res,sIg 60 fcFss Tor tsise
.s koNaffp c xeHroN.
ftnrolnrN
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

Total = ales. 500. 500 shares. compared with
404, 100 shares yesterday thus far this
week, 2.OTB. 100 shares; same period last
week. 2,2i0, 100 shares.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
oFFiCE or WELSBA(1T COMPANY

0lOuCester, n. J, Dec, IN, INIS,
The Directors have this day declared a
dividend Of three and One-half
neT cent CS3, so per shsrel on the Preferred
Stock, payable December 81. 1913, to stock
OF record at the close OF business
December 81. 1918 Cheeks, will he mailed.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20
BONDS
MONEY.LENDINC A T

NEW YORK-Money on call, mixed
collateral, opened at 4 per cent high, 4;
low, az closed "a G3h ruling rate
4 per cent, ,Industrials opened at Az
per cent high, Az low, Az last, ~ :
closed ~ M4ik ruling rate 4 per cent.
Money was in increased supply today,
especially on time, at the low rates
quoted in. the last two days-5k @bX
per cent for sixty and ninety DAYS.
Prime mercantile paper was In lighter
supply, and rates we're quoted as low
as 5h@6& per cent. with a better in.
quiry.
Prime bank acceptances are fairly ac-
tive at Az OAK per cent for prime
member bills, 4 7-l6W1 5-16 per cent
for prime nonmemhers and sos per cent
for ineligibles.
PHILADELPHIA-Call, 6 per cent 4;
time, 6A Q6 per cent. Commercial pa.
per, three to six months, 5q6 per cent ;
six months, Q per cent.
LONDON-Money is quoted at 3 per
cent. Discount rates, short bills and
three-month bills, Q l7-32 per cent.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

The Pittsburgh Stock Exchange has
listed So, 0O0, 200 additional common,
and 1000, 900 additional preferred stock
Power Company. ~
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

Total sales. 1886 shares. red with
S24S shares yesterday; thus far this week.
2S,2b7 shares: same period last week. 80, 85e
shares.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

The New York Stock Exchange scat
or the late A. Obrig sold for S65, 900.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

Kansas City, Dec. ?O.-CATTLE-Re-
ceipts. 2OOO head. steady.
HOGS-Receipts. $4,000 head. Active; &c
sHEEP-ReceIpts. 1900 head. Steady.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

The French Senate today adopted the
bill, recently passed by the Chamber ~
newing for twenty-five years the nrIyi.
lege of the Bank OF France. ~
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

The New York subtreasuTy gained
S35 900 from the banks yesterday maxi
ing a cash net gain since Friday Of
50, 234, 00O.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-20

The jute, hemp and cordage section of
the knit goods sections and priorities di-
vision Of war industry board were ali
~disbandcd today.
Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1918-06-27


81. . 3 !. y! .l|'|.!!| i
u.
III h. r.. ~. 81
II "
sss
v ssas s|Ss!
~
r
Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1918-06-27

going To- come Upstate and be best
man aud the E.isslts S slated for next
best and their vi yes there are going
/ I'd be Bridesmaid Believe me. 1T 81
sgoiaig to be some weddi O boy 81
Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1918-06-27
PRESIDENT o. THE UNITED STATES PRocLAms FRIDAY,
JUNE 2s, 1918 ]
NATIONAL WAR SAVINGS DAY
aoVERNoRs AND MAYORS MAKE SIMILAR PRocnAMATIoNs
MEETINGS WILL. HELD N EVERY COMMUNITY 70 sECURE
SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR WAR SAVINGS STAMPS
~
].

SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR WAR SAVINGS. STAMPS
Pursuant President of the United States and
Savings South Dakota,
acting authority the United States Treasury Department have
called all 18Th
their subscriptions for stamps and tho
smaller and cities meetings will be held the school houses
The school will the meeting school house.
record Of the proceedings reporting the q al
Stamps subscribed for by them
The Of Of refuse neglect
doing will also be
War Savings Stamps (which United States Government Bonds the
Liberty Bond be paid for during month the
1913 intended will be signed for them Juna 2
The Of Savings Stamp depends the month during
which Stamp viii SAL IA
Stamp will and each month during 1913
United States will redeem all
War Savings Stamps $500 during which month 1918
they bought They during the months 1918 than
the months earlier has loaned biz
longer time than he Should buy
By way Of illustration note the following table:
Saturday news. (Watertown, S.D.) 19??-19??, 1918-06-27
COST OF WAR SAVINGS STAMPS

The provides hold his
Stamps exceeding $1,000
purchased Of
The invested in War Savings Stamps
but will all
interest if because Of financial
should be before 1928
by giving
The Stamps free from All State
registered the they
they and we'll
has been
definite Savings assigned each school
district and which will
28th The Government Of the Uned States
themselves to and economic help
be
will Is whom
Government, this hour of call
ROGER ii DENNIS
South Dakota War Savings Director
Secretary United states
Malvern daily record., 1918-01-14

The weather has almost paralyzed the mail service out of Malvern, it being impossible for the rural and city carriers to make their round to- day. On routes two and three an at tempt was made by the carriers to make the trips this morning but no progress at all could be made with the roads in such bad condition. The car riers on routes one and four are at tempting service with horse drawn ve- hichles and had not returned up to the time of our going to press. The city carriers could not make their rounds today but will make an attempt to- morrow. All patrons will be served at the postoffiee until conditions are so they can receive service on their respective routes.
Malvern daily record., 1918-01-14
WATER DOES $1O,OOO DAMAGES
 TO MALVERN MERCHANTS
See and Rain Melting Roofs Floods Practically Every Business House Tn Town. Malvern Hardware Co.,. and A. A Shans
 Probably the Worst Hurt All Hands Busy Shoveling Snow

Today is about the busiest one the merchants and business men of Mall vern have witnessed in several years. Sleet and rain, which began falling early last night, melted the heavy snow on the roof of the business hous- es, and practically every business place in town was flooded, as we'll as the res idenees. As early as four A. M. mer- chants, and all available labor that coud be had was busily engaged in shoveling the snow from the roofs, and, in some instances, succeeded in saving the stocks and caused the dam age to be less.
 The Malvern Hardware Company is probablay the greatest loser as the water flooded all three floors of their building and completely ruined a large amount of fine furniture. MT. J. W. Lee, President of the company, stated that S1, ,500 would be low es- innate at this time
 Among those who were damaged, and the amounts estimated, at l P. M., are as follows:
 A. A. shamis $500 to 5000.
 Malvern Hardware Co.,, $500.
 Cooper Hardware Co.,, $500.
 K. L. Cornell, $500.
 G. A. Chamberlain & Son, $500.
Malvern daily record., 1918-01-14
DISMISS ON ACCOUNT
 OF THE BAD WEATHER.

The Malvern schools dismissed this morning on account of the very bad weather. Only small number of the pupils reported this morning and it was thought best to dismiss as it was impossible for them to attend.
 Supt. Pratt states that school will be resumed just as soon as the wealth CT will permit, but as press time he could not say whether there will be any school tomorrow or not. When school is resumed, however, the bell will be rung for some time in the morning, to warn students of the fact.
Malvern daily record., 1918-01-14

when these expenses are added togeth- CT and the total amount is substract- ed from the total income the amount left is .snet'' income. If, as above stat ed this is 5000 or more in the case of an unmarried person and $2000 in the case of married person, such person must make return of income between January 1st and March 1st., 1918.
 There are thousands of people in this State who will be effected by the War Income Tax. They may not hear of it, or of their duty in time, unless you tell them, because no one repre- senting the Government will call on them personally. The jaw makes il the duty of the taxpayer to call on the Collector.
 The purpose of this letter is to ap- peal to you as a patriotic citizen to tell all the people of your township who are liable that they must file re- turns of income with the Collector on or before March 1, 1918. If the tax collector which was sent to the coun- ty seat of your county is no longer there, the people who did not see him should then at once write to the Col lector of Internal Revenue, Little Rock, Ark. and request blank form upon which to prepare their return of net income. This should be done in order that their returns of net in- come may be filed with the Collector of Internal Revenue before March 1st Very truly yours, JACK WALKER, Collector.
Malvern daily record., 1918-01-14

Frisby & Smith, $250. Smith & Haltom, $500. Chamberlain Furniture Co.,, $500. ". A. Glass, $50. Earle Hardware Co.,, $f0. J. H. Roseberry, $15.00 A. J. Night, $100. Mart Phelps, $25. Ark. Light 6 Power Co.,, office, $150 James Jones, $100. Adams & Son, $25. Globe Shoe & Clo. Co.,, $100. Kings Rooming House, $25. E. H. Vanee's office, $f00. County Courthouse, $500. A large number of other business houses were flooded but could place no estimate on their damages. Among those are the following: R. P. Goodman. Malvern Cleaning & Dyeing Works J. H. Reeves. s. s. Reamey. Browning & Emerson. City Bakery. A. k. Alderson. W. H. Cooper. Johns 5, 10 and 25c Store. ]. K. Chamberlain The Fair Store. The Elite. J. Childers.
Malvern daily record., 1918-01-14
MORE LIGHT ON
 THE INCOME TAX

The following letter is being sent out from the office of the Internal Revenue Tax Collector, at Little Rock, which gives information in re gard to this tax, that will probably be of interest to our readers:
 There is in the heart of every Am erican Citizen a desire to do something to help his country in the present cri- s}s. Unfortunately, not every man can be given opportunity to help in a substantial way, but this opportun- ity Is yours, and l am sure you will be glad to improve it. Without cost to yourself in money, and at little loss of time, you can materially help the Gov ernment, as no other man can help so we'll; and not only the Government, but your neighbors also.
 The idea prevails fin rural sections, that the income tax is a rich mans tax and that it does not apply to small business men and farmers. This is mistake. It applies to every single person who has net income of 5000 or more, and every married per son who has net income of $2000 or more for the year 1917. You will see, therefore, that it applies to most of your neighbors. Now, if they don't pay the income tax when it is due, they will be violators of the law, sub- ject to penalties of 30 per cent of the tax, fine ranging from $20 to 5000 and imprisonment in case of fraud 1t is cheaper to pay the tax than the penalties. By helping the Govern ment get the tax from people liable to it, you will serve not only them, in warning them in time, so that they can avoid the penalties, but the Gov ernment, also.
 The shortest way to determine if a person is subject to the income tax, is to add all the money tor it's equiva- lent-notes, etc.) which he receives from every source during the caIen- dar year 1917- from January 1st to December 31st. Then subtract from this amount the total of his expen- ses and other authorized reductions. Expenses, however, do not include personal, living or family expenses; neither do they include cost of new machinery, new buildings, new silos, new fences, draining or ditching. Ex- penses do not include any expendi- lures for anything of the nature of permanent improvements or better ments, or anything which adds to the value of the farm. Expense includes only what is actually paid for labor (except to one's own male children un- der 21 and female children under 18l, tools that wear out in a year or two, repairs for machinery used on the farm, fertilizer, spraying material for orchards, ginning, thrashing, gasoline for power on the farm, seed for plant ing, twine, grease, oil and such like ex- penses actually incurred in producing the years crop. State and County taxes are also to be deducted, but tax es paid for drainage and improvement districts cannot Dc deducted. Now
Malvern daily record., 1918-01-14

We have been unable to get an es- innate on the damage done in the residence portion of town, but many houses were flooded and considerable damage done.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-08-26
must pay enough for farm product,
20 3sst'iH i tarmers IN paving these In
Prcvent wa.tc by Cnrerm shoch,nx


AS nation we waste enough corn
10 supply several European countries
with bread. Much OF this waste is due
To poor shocking.
Corn is put into shocks for tho pur-
pose of protecting the slower and grain
from rain and snow until 1t dries and
can can be husked and stored. BY a lit
tying them high. near their tops. good
protection is afforded both grain and
stover. If the stalks of each armload
ward the center OF the shock-1nd IF
the tying is not done high up near the
top, the shock is very apt to twist Wv
ing near the middle does not prevent
twisting; tying near the ton does
Equal distribution OF the armloads Of
corn around u shock is important. An
equal distributions. with all the stalks
zeal stormproof shock. having each
the shock erect; With more weight of
corn on one side than on the opposite
side the shock is likely 10 lean or go
down. Twisted and down shocks arc
difficult TO handle and to husk. AS
grain and stover often spoil. Good
shocking is such simple matter that
1t receives little attention. Expert
enced corn cutters usually build good
shock: poor shock is like 10 lean or
so down. inexperienced helpers often
feel disinclincd TO take instructions re-
GardtnE such simple work, and IL Of
unintereStcd, careless dispositions, an
experienced person should work with
Them and make sure that the armloads
are properly placed. Without such SUI
pervision inexperienced help often
proves much worse than no help at ali.
Very poorly built shocks afford no pro-
lection. On the contrary. they hold
water, prevent drying and thereby
hasten and increase the waste Of food
This fall every patriotic individual
Will prevent waste of food. BY good
shocking an enormous waste can be
prevented. ! fanny corn shocks twist
or so down. they should be husked
and stored before the grain and slower
commence 10 spoil