davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

or suction stroke. These troubles ma,
smoke from the exhaust pipe or mut.
fer Excess of gasolcne is shown :,
black smoke, whereas blush-whit,
smoke indicates oil
When the Engine Fires Itself
The action here is due to the fa.,
that gas becomes heated when com.
pressed. If we do this in the presene.
of glowing carbon or red hot Metsl
the gas is ignited at certain point os
compression. This viii not ignite ,he
incoming gas on the suction styokc
but requires pressure greater than
atmospheric before ignition can take
place. If IL occurs at about the san,s
time a 5 the spark occurs it is not mo-
tlceable and we know nothing about i,
But if VIC feed in d large supplv NJ
gas by means of the throttle the pres
sure is raised and ignition comes be-
fore dead centre prc-ignition We
hear knock. If VIC open the switch
the engine will probably continue run.
nlng-it is firing itself.
An overheated engine may result
from wide variety of causes. Failure
of the cooling system, running on low
gsar. racing the engine, lack Of oil
overheating may De classed q glowing
snag OF metal left in the cylinder-head
by the machinist working on the cast
ing. The red hot metal sets fire to
the mixture at a certain point of com.
preston and a knock results.
If the switch is opened the engine
runs merrily on. In such case the
engine must be stopped immediately
SO as TO prevent any harm to pistons.
cylinders. o. bearings. Throw ou,
clutch. put gears in high speed. close
throttle TO weaken the explosions. ap-
ply foot brake gently. and let in clutch
suddenly. This throws the whole
weight OF the car on the engine, which
stalls.
1t is not particularly difficult to dis
the principal difficulty being to locate
and remove them. To identify spark
knock, rctard the spark slightly and
the knock will stop. A carbon knock
wlll not disappear even with spark re-.
tarded. By removing valve caps or
spark plugs you can note to what cx.
tent cylinders are carbonized. Steam
at radiator indicates overhcatin.
Other knocks. such as those caused b
a glowing metal snag. etc, can only h
located by close inspection on the psr'
of an experienced mechanic
1t is advisable TO watch for tbsy
knocks and learn to distinguish one
from the other. Learn every souud Of
your engine and then if there is
change in the noise you must fnd its
cause and remove il. In that way you
will become skilled. Indifference to
the symptoms of trouble will only
bring you into further difficulty and
. expense.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Significant Sayings

may be expressing views too op-
timistic to meet the approval Of tho
most conservative, but nevertheless
believe that the fields in which motor
trucks will serve generally inside a few
years now have been barely touched.
Martin L. Pulcicr.
The automobile buyer should not har-
Dor the belief that he alone foots the
bills resulting from a price increase.
The net profit on the lower priced car
~ two years ago was much greater than
that Of the lower car of day, the pres
cnt price not being increased in direct
ratio to the increased cost of labor and
Materials and the extra equipment and
additional value that now are offered
George N. Dickson.
The automobile is the chief safeguard
against possible failures Of other means
OF transportation, in addition to being
regularly supplementary to thcm.-.i
G. ScibcyLin0.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
This Is Something Owners
Should Clip Out and Paste Up

Beginners in motoring very some ways
when automobiles novelties They will
their They will
letting the do itvh
will burn their engines by forgetting
In that
Of to the
So Is the dealer the
early toddlng with the fatherly solctudc.
Remind them that in the
cankcasc the radiator
s loose or the hose connection 'eahy
heating II there loose wiring there will
now Of electricity and trouble starting lighting If
the storage battery will
altogether II valve
wear.
Ordinary not
themselves down. Neither will hollis tn
themselves
gear housing needs soft the shifting
the and the clutch and oinr
adjusted trouble
cant between the spring leaves really
The dealer add to o,r,
the individual pccularics his A
thing rememberino thu, g :
perience Of others-Auomobile Topics.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
The Year of the Motor Truck

Is to be expected that goods will readily interior points
TO the
If the
o" storms the roads WI" clear readily
dohs
'he They
'us'anc and have shown their worth 1t is
imagine the apldiy smoothn
when road conditions summer
NOUS savings OF freight will be the hauling of other
goods of
truck ra 'S
th various hauling fairly with motor trucks
VIII DC of them distances
wen s nef than before Roads largest cities will
nave t'c room commercial
OF the train - 49, '
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Brooklyn Making Ready
For Motor Car Show,

me seventh annual Brooklyn auto
moblie show will open next SATURDAY. v
at a, p. m: in the 23d Regiment Armorv.
Inc exhibition will be in two sections,
me first is for passenger types. 1t
Will continue until March 2, from noon
70 IL p. m, Sunday excepted. Then
the passenger cars will be removed
from the building and commercial cars
the largest display ever seen in
Brooklyn will be loaded into the ar
mory: This display will be open from
March > to 9, inclusive, the same hours
There will be a total of seventy
seven exhibitors for the two sections
or the show. Thirty-fvc will exhibit
complete passenger cars the first week,
and forty-two the second week will dis.
play motor trucks, delivery wagons
trallers, etc. There will be dozens Of
accessories and sundrics exhibits in
addition to the complete cars shown
during each period
he following exhibitors will displav
show: ''''
Beach Auto Supply Companv accessorlc, r,sno,
Me- ornck bishop, Dodge cars and acccs.nros
Wilnam buchanali. portable garages. thalmer.
Haies I>aI', COMPANY Chalmers Buick Motor Ccmpany
mud;on Motor Car Company. hudson. nijy',ii
nr9thots: ilupmphilc. Scripos- Booth and I,brrfv
'i ,,eIni company. accessories: Farrc Auto Suonlv
company chandler cars and accessories; Franklin
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
New York City Has
a Thriving Truck
Factory

Detroit isn't the only place where
motor trucks arc made. Right in our
town We have thriving motor truck
factory which has come up from very
small beginnings a few years ago to
be of considerable dimensions. This
is the company that was started in
1912 at Third Avenue and the Harlem
River by William b. Hurburt, vet
cran of the motor car industry.
Hurlburt used to sell Cadillacs and
a1tcrward Thomas cars. He got the
idea of developing worm drive truck
and started in 1912 with very moderate
capital and floor space The number Of
trucks has increased gradually and
nov arc being sold by about twenty
different agents throughout the United
States. In addition there arc Hurl-
burt trucks in many foreign countries,
particularly those in South America
and in Europe. Russia, France, Eng
land and the Scandinavian countries
have taken Hurlburt trucks and there
arc many to be found in even so re-
'''O'c =" P'e'NN %
The plans for the coming year arc
for 1,SO0 trucks. about four hundred
times as many as were sold in 1913.
They will be distributed over a wide
territory, foreign and domestic. There
arc many business houses in this city
which have installed fleets of IIurlburt
trucks, among them Ackcr, Merrall e.
Condit Company, Adams Express Com
pany, Acolian Company, Board of Edu-
cation, Cowpcrthwait e. Co., Andrew
Davey, Joseph Elias & Co., Federal
Sugar. Refining Company. General
Ihemlcal Company, Heckcr-J Jones'
jewell Milling Company. Kcnt-Costik-
yam Company Landay Brothers, Litch-
field Construction Company, Police Dc
partmcnt. Runkel's Cocoa Standard Oil
Company. Tdewatcr Oil Company.
Tiffany Studios, Vacuum Oil Company,
John Wanamaker Company, Warner
Sugar Refining Company and Wcstcott
Express Company.
In outlining the plans of the com
pany the other day Hurlburt made ref
erence to a successful new financing
or his company which permits of the
desired expansion.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Warming Up the Motor

EVcry motorist VINO keeps his car in
al unheated garage and that includes es
most or US knows that the motor does
NOV run we'll until it is warmed un,
Most motorists seem to believe that the
pest and quickest way to warm up tho
motor IS to race it for moment or
Really, that is the worst way. Dur
ing inc night the oil has run down
from inc cylinders into the crank case,
ana by starting the motor with a rus h
one IS working it hard without proper
lupr,catlon. This, of course, is injuri.
gus TO 0hc mechanism. 1t is better to
let the motor run SLOWLY for fo,
moments until the oil has been thor
ough!y distributed to the moving parts.
Milestoncs.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

us Inc advantage in
N' ~ waive actuatIng componens eliminated
VI 'e passenger
"o s'"Plc'N OF the noshi,,, of
'' chamber shape If difficulties can h
t type OF construction engine which develops higher
loi gwen piston displacement
" le'''t wall area compared chamber
~ Is "e-known wall area n conn.ro
Win cubca contents of the combustion chamber is serod ] 49,
"e"Sloee 1t Is quite possible overhead dvcono,t 20
quite closely approach the hemisphere -
4upca'on Of the overhead really ceaso1 70 M ,
''. w can be taken of conditions
m N'c surely can be coped with successfully on truck
" passenger car When sifted tho hoto
] matter OF cost than anything else Of the rou;n
" e overhead constructions quite to assume that
VIC cos on TINS type being within the bounds ,,h
uoh methods Will render them commercials N p'0'"'
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Go Into Second at
Grade Crossings, Is
Good Advice

here arc many details of driving
which mark the beginner from the ex-
perlcnced driver. A few hints from
notebook of experience should be Of
value.
One item OF extreme Importance is
mat OF crossing railroad tracks, espc-
clally crossings where there arc no
gates. The usual method is to throttle
down and drive across in high. not
gear. Consideration Of the matter will
snow that the engine may easily be
stalled when so handled To drive in
h>Sh gear requires certain amount o,
gas. If the amount is reduced too much
the engine will stall
ny shifting into second speed all
such danger is overcome. The car may
be driven across the tracks at ap-
proxlmatcly the same rate, but tho en-
the danger of stalling. The distance is
short, and full throttle will insure
better control and send the machine
clear, IL necessary.
Usually tho driver opens the throttle
TOO suddenly. thus choking the engine.
This is because the air valve yields
readily to the increased suction, giving
sudden rush of air before the SPRAY
nozzle can respond with sufficient gaso-
aN'N nv tHiottlt, NHttHcT opened By
hand or accclcrator, should be opened
gradually enough to allow the engine to
respond.
Stallng the engine on the tracks
with the train approaching at high
speed is tlcklish experience to say
the least. There is no time to start
the engine. so the operator who keeps
his presence Of mind uses the starter
to pull out of danger. He quickly
shifts into low speed and presses the
starter pedal The car moves forward
slowly. but it moves. Keeping this
TACT in mind a driver may save his
life in such an emergency. and also
the lives of those with him.
When starting down a long, stccp
grade it is advisable to leave the
gears in speed for use in an cmcr-
gcncy. The rear wheels will then
turn the engine, which resistance at
fords very good braking effect. A
light car on moderately steep hill
will slow down quickly and heavier
car will move slowly enough to be
under control. This is called "using
the engine as brake" 1t should be
practlscd from time to time SO that
the driver may become familiar with
the method.
Many drivers do not know how to
take the bumps easily. A good way
is to throw out the clutch and apply
the foot brake gradually. This re-
licves the shock, so that many times
it may not be noted by those riding.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Hitting qlap Twelve
'' C.E!TSsHarps

MOTHER convincing proof of the for uniform motor vehicle
by disagreement
not neiehory Chat
mobile laws) State New will
with Commissioner W. L. Dill of probably
effort straghen will
succeed smoothing
late should
such intimately related ommonwcalts
motor vehicle laws.
New York "rccproty" clause
from outside free privileges the these
states offer Workers. But
trucks Vehicles belonging
New York State
state The enforcement this
concerned followed by the by New Jersey reciprocity
Tor New York trucks Many New York truck
IN New Jersey and the situation became noerabc
Secretary of State Hugo willing,
repealed which
corporations other be obtained He
vab
ne Of all
This all at
should conflict
Why should vehicle
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
After the Speeders

" motorists VINO have the public
campaign started by Mayor yan police paw closer
" cS drVhg OF vehicles on the
~ PeSay the mail trucks which, although they U S Mail
gus arc privately owned They
"'ou regard for the safety Of pedestrians indeed other
on inc highway Advantage taken right Of vav
~ ue aough should not apply privately
press wagons too should be carefully handled
as or motor they reckcv th, L,,
certainly be checked But speed trapping determining rcck]
's' ' o 'rpurafV either This
a "' 'e good sense and discretion police officials alone
'ut even more so of the driver himself ~
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
How to Recognize 1t and
How to Handle
1t, Too
By Vim. II. Stewart. Jr.

Were you ever troubled by per-
sistcnt motor knock that came sud
denly and went as quickly-not a
knock from a loose part but ono that
comes and goes as the spark is ad-
vanced or retarded, or as the throttle
is opened and closed? Such knock
is due to pre-ignitjon. DO not con-
fuse the knock with that of loose
bearing, although it is sometimes diff
cult to distinguish between them.
Prc-igntion means ignition of the
compressed charge of gas in the cylin-
der before dead centre is reached.
This has the effect Of making pressure
in the opposite direction which results
course, that ignition should occur in a
manner to push the piston downward
on the power stroke, that is to say,
the pressure from the burning and 1x-
panding gas should not be fully eXerted
on the piston until dead centre has
been passed.
So long as this is properly regulated
no pre-ignition knock can occur. But
if, for any cause, too much pressure
reached, the knock occurs as just cx-
planned. The common causes are: {:
spark too far ADVANCED glowing car
bon. ovcrheated engine or glowing
snag of metal in the cylinder head.
TO these causes of knocks may be
added piston slap and loose bearings
as aforementioned. But let US for the
present consider knocks caused by pre-
ignition.
Consider the Spark Knock
First consider the spark knock. due
to the spark being advanced too far
especially when the engine is laboring
on an upgrade. Within narrow limits
the spark is under control of the
driver. He must retard the spark
when the engine is about to be started
so that ignition will occur at the be-
ginning of the power stroke, just as
the piston is starting downward.
The explosion pressure then pushes
the piston and hy-wheel in the right
direction and the engine runs forward
In order to obtain the best results the
spark must then be advanced to de-
velop the full power of the engine
This brings the spark into the COM
preston stroke several degrees before
dead centre. This will not stop the
piston in its upward movement, or
even cause knock, because the piston
has time to reach dead centre before
the full pressure of the explosion is
developed.
But il the car is on hill making
the engine pull more slowly, the case
is different. The piston does not have
time to reach dead centre before a
good part of the explosion pressure is
developed, and SO the downward pres
sure causes a knock. To stop this it
is merely necessary to retard the
spark lever.
ANOTHER cause Of prc-igniton and
knocking is glowing carbon in the
head OF the engine. This may be
caused by using too much gasolene OF
too much oil, sometimes from over.
heating or from using a poor grade OF
oil. Carburctor troubles which would
cause it are leaky float valve. heavs
float, spray nozzle adjustment toe
wide open. air valve stuck or toe
tightly adjusted, or choke valve not
opening properly.
Causes Of excess OF oil in cylinder
head would be too high an oil level in
crank case, too thin an Oil. worn pis-
ton rings or scored cylinders. allowing
the oil to be sucked up on the intake
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
500, 900 Cars i'm 1918 i'm This State

SECRETARY OF STATE HUGO by the attended the
- dinner of the Bronx dealers Thursday night
would automobiles
Tor 1918 He pointed to his preceding prediction
would be 100000 enrolled
approximately 412O00 be by
Secretary of Hugo pledged his Office
legitimate and announced himself opim
the vehicle trade
One thing objected his his
something called pleasure days. Mr.
Secretary.
incidentally Bronx
their show They
The show Of courage
ps The dealers perfected their
IN less than four months They made display which
night in the I'd Artillery Armory and although
for themselves they showed
right ought to be institution for the holding show
the selling of Next years show will be much
will add to the of the present exhibition
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Oiling in Winter

Draining the oil from the crank case
and replacing it with fresh oil fire.
quently is good for motor, but
1t is particularly essential in cold
weather. The steam formed by com.
pustion gets past the piston rings into
the crank case and there condenscs to
water. This water mixes with the oil
and reduces its lubricating value.
In consequence, a fresh supply of oil
should be put in place of the old at
ieast once month during the severe
weather. Eight and twelve cylinder
cars conoensc more water than fours,
ana particular attention should be
stones.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Automobile Takes Place
Of Z. Z. Trains

Since the government took over tho
rai!roads,N says George Stowe, Of the
Mitchell Motor Company. of New York.
there has been a curtailment in pas
sengcr traffic of 90 per cent in certain
sections of the country, which woula
nave proved disastrous from a busi
rcss standpoint but for the automobile
Just as the motor truck relieved th,
freight problem in the short hauls. and
scmc long ones also, so has the auto
mobile relieved passenger traffic at this
time.
The automobile is Il necessity in
tEcse days, where transportation means
thc SAVING of time and money; and the
public. having once been educated TO
flying along the highways and moving
goods at from fifteen to thirty mi)cs
an hour, Will not 60 back to walking
and SLOW moving and expensive horse
hauling" ~
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Newark s Auto Show
Now Well Under Way

The tenth annual Newark AutomooM
Show opened last night in the lss kes'
mcnt Armory, that city. with rceof0
attendance. The opening ceremcn's'
were lnaugurated when Joseph I. pe''
president Of the New Jersey AutomoO"s
Exhibition Company, pressed the pos
Ton which turned on thousands ',
lights in the big armory and disclose,
one of the most elaborate displays ="
motor cars ever held in the city. :,
Congres sman Edward ". Gray,
Newark, delivered the opening addle.
He dwc)t on the important part VIM.
the automobile and motor truck We
playing in the war work Of the counH.s
congressman Gray also read a ssv:s ss:.s
letter from President Wilson, ~p's't
declared the automobile TO be one v
the country's necessities. :.
There arc 1856 cars on exhibition 1ss
played by eighty six exhibitors. -,
total value of the exhibit is placea -
81 100000.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

Motor Car Company. Franklin; Royal Garage and
hovon ,. 1ocomobile: I. C. krkham Haynes kunkel
AUTO Company. Nee: Arthur " rAelers Inc Nc.
tarlan SIX, Paul NJ. Msrko. accessories Iexinuton
Motor Company OF Now York. Lexington: MitcheI
Motor ar Company. Mitchell: Packard Motor Car
,.mpaiy, Packard. REQ Motor Car COMPANY REQ :.
Marmon Ma, H,lt, l.. Company. Inc. Marmon IL,
,,eit an!iiac Motor Car Company. C.dilipc; j +
t"anY oiSmohNc Russell & Carroll Iur A..
c,eIsories Studehaker Corporation. StudebaAer r
!, u,'"T.nmaAHr 'ompany. Inc. accessories Arthur
" ialor Danie.s: 1raut"on Tiro and Repair Com.
TanE pa accessories; WHY'S Overland. Inc Overland
layi iot Motors Cooperation. STANDARD ''s' Harrv
,,MHiN NlnR. Nhitiemore- SIN Company accessories
Wlhtoh No,rr Company. Winton. Chevrolet Motor
.umpaiiy; 'hevrolct: Moods Garage and Sales Com
palV' oakland: +. {. WuH acccssores, Roc, Rat
Ef',, ,Sfn NnhpanS Inc. accessories: 7. J. Durham
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
nc second section Of the show will
include the following exhibitors:

tor Au'Trar TTa Aa1S Go9npsny Autocsr Behcom No
mas"p rasas cd'o nsdss William nnchan.n potable e:
penby' Curth Auto Sales Company. sisnsl tr,cs
.i fnru commercial bodies Duiyld I,rof}ers
mmurmobilc m Dearborn Truck Sales Compan, thrcc'
.a1o nInt cab aud body truck alischmert. ienninx.
tor Motor Sales Corporation Master fIerrm.n Moie,
romp.nE ouTs COMPANY iIsm e S,sTar D. hins Moo,
hoiner Co. Inc. Rainier kunkel Auto Com
,9.a nan} .. nc Nclic: Little Giant Truck Compurr
Little Giant milford. Haas Company Inc Ford
cars trucks: REQ Motor Car COMPANY
"' nW"' srAard Motor Car Company Packard: Mar
Ws1h Mo'o' , Sale Corporation. Maxwell one ton
Nanha'tai Motors Corporation, Sclicn and Vim
MIcksr.on y. 4 Schroeder, Inc 4 5 rrlckmaser.
Naicr and Dart: Old Reliable Motor Truck
ompahy bld Reliable: Oneida Motor Truck Com
pay. pau Oneida G. A. sciiacht Motor Truck Com
pany Schacht. WHY'S Overland. Inc Overland
vfudepaner W.rtn Cooperation, studebaher: Paul NJ
e nasn" accessories; Sterling Motor Truck Company
nid, T,erhs Service Motor Truck Company. service
.n,"n , truck Manufacturing Company. Union truck
fstd,rnineni f, aud Triton Trailer: United Auto
Dealers ,,n Manufacturing Company Marvel. tinted
s1 ,Ine service Corporation. United Line Whiting
Mo'1u, we oompan International Harvester Cnerro.
r,,, n'o" company, Chevrolet. W r. ]. Motor
LUCK LUCK tnnmpan5 Repubic, ECLIPSE Motors Corpo-
,an| a,,oa. Whittier; pe'iver, Ay,o Truck and Body
company, commercial bodies
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Among Other Knocks Is
That Due to Pre-lgnition
State Registry
Grows $4,000 Ca.

New York State registered A.,
56S automobiles in 1917. accord,ar
to figures announced on ThurSd.ss
night by Francis ". Hugo. Seer.
tary Of State, speaking at ,ss
Bronx Automobile Show. ''s
These figures represent r,;.
of 93,702 cars in the last tvsir. %
months. OF which 60.572 were M.
senger and 21,063 were comm.s
cial. The past year found 232 NOV.
dealers in the business and 27sao
more chaufeurs, the latter now to,
falling 1885.
The state has 2s.775 motorcycle.
gaining 1888 in 1917. The totsi
receipts to Mr.. Hugo's AUTOMOBILE
bureau last year footed to s4.284s
ia, a gain of sl,626,072.25 for the
year. or Gilt per cent.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
he Overhead Can,

| lHE experimental laboratories drafting boards of ~
of the automobile wella in
engineers throughout the country they
OF he overhead camsha engine leading motor
pupatons I'm the practically emnovmc,+
Spe OF drive Tor the rotary r
'ha some interesting Developments
1T mas been freely rrophced that
~ the war would its the
power plant is not only likely is also oro -
nave It's effect on truck we'll known that
certain companies considering pcs for
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Artillerymen Work
in Automobile School

The offer made by the Atsinson
Automobile School at 235 West 5oth
Street through the newspapers two
weeks ago Of its laboratory on Wed
ncsday evenings with instructors in
charge. Tree of cost, has attracted
the attention Of certain army OH
GERS. The school is now training
about fifty officers and men Of the
59th artillery from Fort Hamilton.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Eighth Avenue as a Training Ground


West We recall when,
drive gasoene
took along that of Eighth
the Park The traffic both except
there really street
car or team be almost anywhere
the side of the road This very thing
a a moto
It learn eaesy
What
disturbing the
trolley complete They the
temptation that the tracks present slower
the driver
Lower Eighth Avenue isn't much behind Central
The traffic
feat
travel OF
trucks there
crosstown traffic from the intersectg
all to drive there test far beyond what
quiet, trafckess street.