davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20

anything else, for the instant, while the
boche dives and fires. and then trv to pet
20 point OF vantage to shoot at the Boche
II 'here are two Boches the actions must be
literally double quick; operating the aero
plane controls. the top guns and the fixed
guns almost simultaneously
IN attacking Boche aeroplanes everything
depends on hitting the vulnerable place in
the one instant when the machine is in range
or has exposed one of its blind sides-the
sides which are not protected by the gums
arc OF fire. Failure to do so means having to
man@uvrc again for a point of vantage which
may never again be secured
Besides, Boche aeroplanes have a wav
Of appearing in the sky very much in the
same way as guls appear at sea, and
the aviator who misses his chance may have
to face two Boches instead of one-and lose
out.
ut costs an average of $3.50 per minute
for the 100 to 200 hours of flying which an
aviator gets before he is a crack military
pilot. 1t takes fifty hours of flying before
an aviator can get his Reserve Military Av-
ator Certificate and hours for tha
Junior Military Aviator Certificate After
that he must get the advance training in fast
machines and the experience in shooting bal
looms, and in other ways to prepare him for
aerial combat
Every one of the thousands of American
aviators being trained at present will cost
between $4,000 and $4,000.
Germany claims to have brought down
over one thousand Allied aviators in the pas II
twelve months. We may easily take for
granted that one-tenth of this number could
have been saved by the advantage which the
Walter Camp system of physical training
gives to man. Not figuring the intrinsic
value of the hundred aviators for the su-
premacy in the air which they might have
brought to the Allies. we find that their train
ing, at average of $4,000 each, amounted
to 81 100000, and that their aeroplanes cos,
about $4,000 each for combat machine
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
What Every Soldier
Should Know About
tuberculosis
/ THOUGH much has been done in
recent years to better health con-

a THOUGH much has been done ir
~ recent years to better health con
dltlons in camp and on the field
disease still exerts a powerful sway. And
OF all the diseases which initiate against
the soldiers chances to retain his health
probably tuberculosis is most potent
Alarming reports covering conditions in
the French army have come over to Amer
lea, and now that Americas own men are
IN service and exposed to the ravage of
this disease every effort to stamp it out, or
at least to reduce its scope Of activity, is
worthy Of generous recording. In "The
Nation" DR.. S. Adolphus Knopf writes
simply and very effectively of means
whereby the soldier may combat this
enemy. He contends that
Every soldier should know that pulmonary
tuberculosis is a chronic, Infectious com
municable, preventable and durable disease.
in characterizing the disease l, have replaced
the word contagious by the word 'commu-
nlcable, because contact per se-that is to
say, touching the tuberculous-does not COL
vey the disease, is the case with smallpox,
for example. If the tuberculous patient is
careful in the disposal of his expectoration
and IN the manner of coughing he is as safe
an individual to associate with as anybody
else. Such should never be stunned
but always treated kindly, considerably and
with compassion.
he direct cause of tuberculosis, or con-
sumption, is always the bacillus of tubarcu-
loSls, which is microscopic organism found
IN the affected parts of the body. Pulmo-
nary tuberculosis, or tuberculosis of the lung
is the type of tuberculosis most commonly
found and the type with which the French
soldiers are now so frequently afflicted All
other organs Of the body (bones, intestines
etc. can also become affected with tuber-
cuosis.
The word tuberculosis comes from stu-
bercle.' which signifies small, rounded body.
resembling pinhead and easily visible to
the naked eye. The bacilli are lodged in
these tubercles, of which they cause the for
nation These germs give off certain poison
Gus substances called toxins, which cause the
symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis, early
as we'll as late. The earlier symptoms, which
can be easily recognized by the layman, are q
long continued cough, with or without expec-
toratlon or hoarseness; loss of flesh. flush or
palor in the face, feversh sensations in the
afternoon, occasional night sweats, chilly
sensations IN the morning, loss of appetite.
sometimes little streak of blood in the
eNpectoration, loss Of strength manifesting
Itself in easy tiring; frequent colds a per-
ceptlble quckenng Of the heart beats after
slight eXertlon and little change in disposi-
ton, such as increased irritability or feel
ing of depressiOn
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
'he Best Known Treatment VIII
L Be Accorded All Who Succ,,nb

FreVentlon, declares the writer, is better.
than cure. But there remains the f.c+
'hat America must be prepared to re-
celve back some of her boys who NAV have
contracted tuberculosis and must be nre-
pared to cure them.' AS for the American
soldlefs now fighting IN France-any of
lhen1, the writer assures who NAV con-
tract the disease will receive the best and
1nos1 scientific treatment known to the
medical profession to-day" And DR..
hnopf adds word Of hope for the future.
:" hat may we look for regarding the tu-
oercuiosls problem in all civilized countries
a1ter the successful issue Of this war of de-
mocfacy against autocracy? The power which
upheld the maxim Might makes riobt,
"hlch, dlsregarding the viii of the peonle
plunged them into war of indescrihable
horror VIII be dethroned and banished There
VIII be united Europe. as there is = un;+ad
America When democracy shall be universal
lhe countless millions of dollars which tho
warning nations now have to sacrifice for
weapons OF destruction will be devoted n
purposes of constructions Tubercnlos;
winch is as much social as a medical dis
ease VIII decrease with the betterment Of
the social conditions Of the masses. and mod
cal science, in the main devoted IA hoai
ing lhe wounds OF war, can then once moro
devote its energies to the prevention 80 A.;
ease. All other sciences now ut;li1ed sr 49,
VIII Hke"lse be consecrated to the advance
HiehV OF human happiness and health and
WIN 'nese blessings attained tuberculosis
tne great white plague and enemy of mn,
hlho "lll gradually disappear"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
Consider Some More Facts

OPPONENTS of woman suffrage who
~ try to show that only enemies OF
the country masQuerading as pacifsts and
Socialists. voted for woman suffrage in
New York on November 6 have been bowled
over so completely by the two-to-one pro-
suffrage soldier vote that it is like offering
sugar to a fly drowning in molasses to ask
them to consider any more of these ''facts"
by which Mrs. James w. Wadsworth, for
instance, has sought to sustain their case
Yet there are some we'll worth considering
before any more such hazardous sugges-
tons are allowed to emanate from the anti
camp.
For instance while you are considering
consider the 10th in Manhattan where
Mitchell, VINO is alleged to have carried the
vote Of the patriotic, led by 200 and suf-
frage won by 1900. Consider the 7th,
who're also Mitchell led by about 100, and
suffrage won by about 300 Consider the
9th, where Mitchell led by l,7OO, and suf-
frage Won by Approximately 800
Consider the 21st in Brooklyn, where
Mitchell received the highest district vote
cast for him and suffrage received one of
the highest pluralites recorded for it,
namely, 1866. And side by side with it
consider the goth, where Hylan's pro-Ger-
man vote is alleged to have elected him,
and note that here suffrage won by only
750.
Consider the 1st Assembly District in
Queens, with an industrial and largely Ger
man population, and note that the Hillquit
and Hylan vote together totalled 1858, yet
here was rolled up one Of the heaviest
votes against suffrage in the whole state,
1926 voting no. 1t won by only SIG votes.
Jump over to A. d. 4, Flushing, a resden-
tial district and not German, and note that
while Mitchell was polling 3,720 votes, as
compared with his 1903 in the 1st, suf-
frage was rolling up plurality of 300.
We have quite collection of these facts
for tie opponents Of suffrage to consider
a. from issue to issue we deal them out.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
Matters Touching Religion

afraid; men whose splendor is in their souls.
"We need not hesitate to call across the
water Happy New Year to them. The
greeting is not grim irony idiot talk sig
nifying nothing. They are the Happy War
eff only they hold out!' That is what one
hears along the trenches. If only who hold
out? The civilians!' No doubt about the
soldiers. They will hold out. No doubt
about American troops. They will
carry on An Englishman who stood on the
pavement in Cockspur Street and watched the
first contingent Of American troops go
marching through London has sent the mes
sage back to us: Il have seen a portent The
world is made safe for democracy.
First came the band, and then Old
Glory, and then the men solemn
bronzcd men, loose of limb hard and
strong with curious, set expression of pur-
pose about them. And they looked neither
TO the right the left; nor did they look
up or smile or apparently take any notice
of the cheers we raised. We strained for
ward to see their faces and we cried out
TO them our welcome. Anglo Saxon types,
Celtic, Slavic, Latin, yes, and Teuton too,-
all were there, yet not one of them that
had not something else that marked him A
United States Man.
TRAMP, Tramp. Tramp, 'our present and
immediate task is to WIN the war. Tramp,
Tramp, Tramp! we must hurry on to accom-
plish it. For once and all the matter must
be settled' Tramp, Tramp Tramp. The
world must be made safe for democracy
And | understood says the spectator-'I un
dcrstcod the silence of these grim men. They
seemed to epltomize not merely nation,
not merely flag, but the unbreakable sane
thy If human rights and human life. This
is no longer a war; it is crusade.
Garry on.
"They will"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
THE Gates Through Which the
1 Disease Enters

"fhe three methods by which the germ
may enter the human system are by inhala-
ton, lngestlon and incubation. The main
method OF contracting tuberculosis is by
'nhalng dried, infectious tuberculous dust
hoatlng in the air, coming from carelessly
deposited sputum. Whoever coughs and ex-
pectorates, whether it be in the trenches
dugouts, barracks, tents, armories or other
confined places, should endeavor not to de-
posit the sputum where it has a chance to
dry up, unless it can be where exposure to
direct sunlight will render it harmless
When person coughs, let him always hold
ms hand before his mouth. He will thereby
avoid injecting others by inhalation infec
tlon or dropIet infection, if he should hapnen
10 De afflicted with tuberculosis, Influenza
measles or even an ordinary cold. By droplet
infection is understood that manner of con-
veylng the disease by the SPRAY of small
particles (droplets) of infectious saliva dur
ing the so-caled dry cough, or even sneezine
and IN some individuals during excited sneak
ing.
Against the danger of tuberculous food in
the form Of infected milk or meat steril;z
ing or bolllng the milk and thoroughly cook
ing or brolllng the meat suffice for all prac-
tlcal purposes. Eating and drinking utensils
should never be 'swapped,' and thew shonld
always be thoroughly cleaned before use To
protect ones self against getting tubercu-
ious lnoculation from any skin wound or
scratch, it is best to let the wound bleed
Freely, so as to wash away any infections
substances, and then use a clean piece of
cheesecloth or muslin, dipped in hot water
or alcohol, and tie up the wound until sur
Glcal aid can be obtained.
Numerous as the causes Wherein I'm
oerculosis may be contracted. more is nee6od
to contract tuberculosis than the accidental
1nhalatlon of a few tuberculosis germs or the
occasional lngestion Of tuberculous food In
good health the human system is provided
with various means of defence against the in
Vaslon OF the tuberculosis baclli, such as the
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
ISpreadinS the Suffrage
Banquet to Which
Ants Aren't Bidden
Comment Phases of Woman's Activity "The Woman Ca
The Soldier Suffrage Vote y naturally qualified to nerfon

! ."ey arc naturally qualified to perform
whenever responsible local authority con.
steers such a course desirablc."
In August 1915. resolution was passed
providing that women who are DOING the
work of constables be treated as constables
ana paid as constabes. Women. there
lore, came on the regular police staff with
equal standing with those of the same
rank Women police patrol in uniform.
Their work consists in patrolling. at
tending police court, inspecting halls OF
entertainment, lodging houses, etc. Women
police have been officially appointed In
twelve towns. Their training, however. is
still dependent upon the Womens Police
Service, which is supported by voluntary
contributions only
AS along other lines, the women proved
their efficiency and usefulness by voluntary
service. And as along other lines the gov
ernment admitted the value of the GER
vice after the demonstration, and in Febru-
airy, 1917, appealed to the Women's Police
Service for 800 efficient women to work in
the areas in which government work was
beng done by women and specified that
constables, sergcants and superintendents
were wanted.
Later the government appealed for TO-
600 such women police. AS an evidence of
the remarkable and complete change OF
view of the public mind, d writer has
pointed out that the same people who will,
superciious comment professed to be
shocked and disgusted with the first wonl-
en- police in uniform were noisly finding
fault with all womanSind because the en-
tire 10000 deficient women' were not inn
mediately Forthcoming when the govern
ment asked for them.
Has the policewoman come to stay? 1t
is an interesting question of which time
as yet withholds the answer &C. G.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
ME- annual report of the United
States Coast Guard is volume
which contains much interestino-

States Coast Guard is a volume
which contains much interesting
and valuable material. In few words
the compiler sums up, before entering into
details, the outstanding activities of the
Coast Guard during 1917, thus;
During the fiscal year ended June 80,
1917, the Coast Guard cutters and sta
tions were instrumental in actually saw
ing from death, either by drowning or
otherwise, the lives of 2,153 pcrsons-a
marked increase over the number saved
IN the previous fiscal year Altogether
there were 1884 instances of rescue worl,
involving either the saving of life or i'm
perllled property, or both. On board all
the vessels assisted there were total of
1876 persons, who were in more or less
danger, dependent upon circumstances in
each particular case of rescue Other than
the 2,l53 actually rescued, the persons to
whom assistance was given were saved
from predlcaments which might have
proven disastrous were it not for the
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20
+ TENRY WOODHOUsE, of the
Aero Club of America, has con-

tributed an especially interest,"
ing article to the current number of "Fly-
irg." magazine which has devoted much
space to the campaign for aerial prepared
ness which this club is waging. Mr. Wood
house writes plainly of plain, vital mat
ters. His article follows:
every aviator on active service at one of
the fronts is apt to be set upon by two or
more Boche aeroplanes coming at him from
different directions, or by single Boche div
ing upon him from height firing he
dives, having every advantage against him!
Then, whether he is in single scatter com
bat machine going at speed of from 95 to
10 miles an hour. or q two or three scatter
photography, artillery 'spotter,' bombing or
contact patrol aeroplane going at speed OF
New-York tribune., 1918-01-20

entire fiscal year when the Coast Guard
cutters Or stations were not engaged in
some kind Of definite assistance to the
public. The daily average of instances in
vovlng rescue, salvage and other humani-
tartan work was 8; the maximum number
OF such cases for any one day was 81.
These results were accomplished by the
entire equipment Of the service, consist
ing of 22 cruising cutters, 26 harbor cut
ters, and 270 stations located at various
ports and outposts along the seacoasts and
Great Lakes.
On April 6, 1917, when the Presidents
proclamation declared a state of war to
exist with the German Empire, the entire
Coast Guard was without confusion. i'm
mcdatey modified with the various divi-
slons and districts Of the navy, in accord
ance with the act of January %. 1915
which created the Coast Guard and de-
clared it to be part of the military
forces Of the United States
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-30
For Wilson and the War.

The issue was made and fought out
straight. Was South Carolina fer Will
son and the war That was the quee-
tion which the candidacy Of Cole l.,
Blease submitted. 1t has been answered
emphaticaily and categorially. Blease
has been utterly rejected His former
following has fallen away like water.
When II came to the test there were
mighty few who were willing to stand
up and be counted with the man who
declared he was opposed to the war and
would remove from office everyone con
cerned in pledging the United States
to it.
As a political leader Blease Is not
only defeated but discredited it should
be supposed. beyond recall. That any
one pretending to political leadership
should have been so utterly stupid as
to range himself against the cause OF
the country and the president of the
United States would hardly have been
imagined. The mere folly of the act
should be enough 10 lose Mr.. Bieass
whatever OF political capital he had
left of his sadly overdrawn account in
South Carolina We may we'll leave
him where the tide has horne him and
trust that he may float out to oblivion
Satisfaction we may all take in the
splendid vindication OF the presidents
confidence In the people of South Caro-
issue in the only way--the America n
way. South Carolina Democrats are for
wilson. the Democratic leader. the ma
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-30
TT END OF LIQUOR DOMINATION IN AMERICA

national Legislative committee;
national officers Of the W. c. r.
L. and representatives Of many
temperance societies gathered to
observe the elimination Of their
hopes and their years of toll in q
measure which definitely COM
,niss the United States govern
mcnt TO the policy of putting hu-
ruanity above the grrsEi for gain
and the anfi-Amcrican sentiments
which have ever acfuated the
leaders In the liquor trade.
Plans are already In cffcrf to
carry on throughout the union
an intensive campaign for ratt-
nCa&ion Of the federal amend
rncnt. That this undertaking will
be succcsSful---prornptly success
fuI--appcars assured.
But more is to come. Already
the movement 80 far advanced
In the United States has begun to
spread 10 other countries Next
November great representative
gathering will he held at Column
bus, Ohio. TO lay plans for de-
flniteIy organized drive for world
wide prohibition. so that the en-
tire human race may Ike freed
from its agc-iong curse,
America is the first great ma
ton to adopt prohibition through
the deliberate act of it's regularly
constituted law making body.
Yesterdays events mark tho be-
ginning of new era In national
life. a fresh starting point of pro-
grcss in the civilization of the
world. In the midst OF n Wortd-
shaking war, the date will hold
Its place i'm history as. one on
which genuine democracy assert 8
ed It's power to free itfeif from
an incubus az hafefuf ana as
menacing as kafsCrism.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-30
EPIDEMIC OF DIPHTHERIA;
ONE CHILD SUCCUMBs

Gate City Va. Aug. 2s.--An cpl
demic of diphtheria has broken out In
Gate City. One child has died with
it and there are several other cases.
It seems 10 be of quite malignant
type. Shoemaker High school Was
not opened yesterday. as had been
Intended. on account OF it, A Quaran-
tine has been established and children
are being yaccinated.
The veterinarian who is here treat
ing the affected cattle and guarding
against the spread OF the disease pro-
nounces the disease to be septtsaemia.
A survey OF the field reveals that only
about ten cattle have died from the
disease. Only one of the FIVE or six
carloads shipped in seems TO have
been affected.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-08-30
DIsCOURTEOUS ISLANDER BY CAMBRIDGE COLBY
tBstop James Cannon. Jr. In Christian Advocate.l

The League of Virginia Municipali-
ties was addressed by Mr.. Balm bridge
Colby of the United States shipping
board. few days ago. Mr.. Colby was
invited as a representative of the gov
eminent to deliver a patriotic ad-
dress In that address ne made use of
the following language, according to
the reports in the secular papers:
y win take this opportunity TO
can to your attention" said Mr.. Col
by. - tendency on the part OF some
unscrupulous persons in political life
to take advantage OF the national
emergency and the speed with which
Legislation is put through to endeavor
to have enacted for mature delibera-
ton. | refer particularly to such
measures as the amendment for ma
tional woman suffrage and the prohi-
bition rider to the agricultural bill.
Il am heartily in favor Of both wo-
man suffrage and prohibition but
firmly believe that this Is no time to
endeavor to railroad such important
Legislation through congress. especially
when the great majority of our rep
resentative men are holding off the
Hun at the bayonet's point
7 want victory for the righteous
cause and a victory without the I'M
necessary oss of a single life, and for
this reason beseech you to put all
petty squahbles and chickering's aside,
put the best men, the most efficient
men into office. irrespective of party,
and stand squareiy behind the admin
istration. the one and only plank in
whose platform is the winning of the
war"
Mr.. Colby very properly Says, Fl
will take this opportunity" for GER
tainly his invitation to deliver a pa
triosic address to the citizens Of Vir-
ginia did not include an invitation for
him to engage in discourteous and
impairment ISLANDERS of the ma terity
f the Christian citizenship of the
Uniaed States. including an over
wheming majority of the people Of
Virginia No more impertinent or
discourteous Islander has been uttered
by a public speaker In recent years In
Virginia Some OF the most promi-
nent men Of the league Of Municipaii-
tics. before whom the address was de-
ltvered. have been for years ardent
prohibitionists, and are advocating
today the passage OF the nation wide
war time prohibition bill.
The real cause OF ~Atr- Colby.