davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03
Made to Work
At F Forner Trades

The number of trades found amore
100000 prisoners, mos. of them con-
scrpted from civilian life at the be
ginning OF the war, is OF course almost
infinite. The mechanics among them
are in great demand. Both as mill
tary measure and to maintain busl-
ness, the railroads of France must bD
kept running. Owing to the demand
Tor skilled labor in munition works.
the railroad shops are constantly
short Of expert mechanics to make re
pairs. The men among the Germa,.
prisoners who followed mechanical
trades in peace time have for the
greater part been turned over to the
railroads, where they work in the
shops beside native workmen and
under French foremen. Next greatest,
perhaps is the demand for carpenters !;
they put up those temporary camps.
for all kinds Of war uses. which dot
the face OF France jast now Shoe
makers and tailors, turned up in the
general combing out of the prisoners,
are set to repairing clothes and boots
both for their fellow prisoners and
for the French soldiers. Bakers are
let out 70 the military aud civilian
bakeries; butchers 90 TO the abattors
and so on through a great number
Of useful trades.
SO far as possible. prisoners are
givcn the same hours of labor as
civilian workmen. Since the war the
labor uHions have patriotically relaxed
their rules in response to the common
emergency, and the hours of labor run
from nine to ten-nine and one-half
is probably about the average. And
that is exactly the average for some
five or SIX thousand prisoners, whom
l have seen working at unloading ves-
sells and trains, in the railroad shops
or in factories. Usually they start to
work at I o'clock and return at s,
with an hour and 4 half for luncheon.
In the dead of winter, when darkness
sets IN cary, they usually knocked off
work at . O'Clock, making their hours
for that period about eight and one
half.
Now we come to the more important
primitive needs--shelter, clothing and
food. Let us take them in order
The five large camps which | visited
house each between 700 and 1000 pris-
oners. III construction all are monot-
onouslY alike. A double barbed wire
ENHANCEMENT. electrically charged sur
rounds stockade-a hollow square
OF one-storv buildings. wooden but sub
stantial. They were all erected, in the
early days Of the war, by the first
patches OF German prisoners These
houses are water tight and well lighted
by day with windows and by night
with electricity. They afford, in fact,
about the same accommodations az the
bunk houses put up for our American
soldiers during their training period.
Indeed, the German prisoner has
rather the better of this arrangement.
for while our boys were stationed in
one OF the coldest parts Of France
most Of the Germans live further
south, where the climate is milder. In
only one item is the comparison un
faVoranln TO the nrisnn car,ra
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03

/ buried in Palestine is like being buried
under the altar" All sins are consid.
cred absolved for the Jew who is buried
IN Palestine, according to The saying.
His land viii absolve HIS people"
Even Jeroboam. the most wicked King
OF israel. is to be freed from Gehinnom
and resurrected when the Messiah
comes solely because Of his having
been buried in Palestine. Palestine is
named "Erez Hayyim" (the land of the
llving). Rabbi Eleazar based on this
his assertion that the dead will not be
resurrected outside of Palestine, but
tnaS subterranean passage will lead
the righteous who die elsewhere into
Faiestine, where they will arise. The
Caoalsts claim that the resurrection
IN the Holy Land is to precede the
resurrection elsewhere by forty wears.
Ihus we meet the ever-recurrng en-
phasis on the sacredness Of the soil of
Palestine, its exalted claims as the
birthplace OF Jewish teachings through
out the large literature of the Jewish
people. Sanctited as the land which
has produced the Law, hallowed bv
traditions, enshrlned by memories of
the glorious days of Jewish indepen-.
dence and conquests of the spirit, Eretz
flsroal, the land of the Jews, is also
the land of Judaism, and it is small
wonder that the faithful in Israel have
throughout the centuries and in all
lands OF their soiourn turned their
eyes to and centred their hopes-at
least IN spiritual sense-around the
rising sun in the East
Jewish sculptors and painters have
pictured the eternal wanderer as ca
rylng along with his other luggage
either a scroll Of the Torah or hook
CT the Bible. Their works arc SYM
holic of the light CT consolation which
mas lllumined the Jews weary path.
Throughout the darkness and dreari-
ness OF the dispersion he has carried
along with him his religious laws.
customs and ceremonies, his lofty
principles of morality, his high con-
ceptions Of duty, blended and entwined
with the memories and hopes of Zion,
and whenever the outward surround
ings become more hostile he drew more
closely within himself and sought
solace in cherishing more fervently
his cultural possessions. Thus he
created "the spiritual Palestine" which
he carried along with him throughout
the exile, and which, though his body
was exposed TO storm and attack, gave
shelter and protection to his soul.
Such was the power Of the Torah
and such the strength of the Hebraic
spirit permeating the Law that it sup
piled at least in measure the founda
Jions OF life that were lacking because
OF the absence Of the land, and hence
the greater zeal and devotion to the
country out of which had come forth
the sustaining forces that made pos
sible the survival of the Jewish
people.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03

lshed in extraordinary manner Even
Russia saw the revival of such literary
activity, and during the more liberal
days of Alexander Ii the city of Wilma,
because of its rich communal and spir-
ltual life, became known as "The Jeru-
salem of Lithuania." These centres Of
increased religious and intellectual
activity in the different countries be-
came known far and wide to Jews, who
turned to such cities for guidance and
inspiration. But throughout the whole
history the one great Jewish centre,
the centre Of centres, remained forever
the Holy Land. Even when, save for n
few recluse students poring over their
ancient tones in Jerusalem, tie land
was desolate, the eyes OF the Jews
everywhere were still turned to Zion,
and to Zion they directed their most
earnest prayers, their highest hopes.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03

centre can be found only in the land
with which the history of the Jews is
Inevitably bound up. which has been
the goal of their most cherished aspira-
tlons since they left it for the wilder
ness of Galut, which is one of the tibres
Of their national being. Only in Pales-
tine can the Jew become once more a
Hebrew. There and only there can he
take up the thread of his national
| history, and begin over again the
eternal pursuit of his ideal. There and
only there can the Hebrew spirit again
ilnd body, and become effectively a
force. making for absolute righteous
ness"
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03
German, Prisoners
In u. S. Treated
As Inferned Guests
By Frederic c. Howe
United States Comraissioney Of ynu;
grafton at Neso York

Ut IS nearly sixty years since
the United States has held
any prisoners on American soil.
And the prisoners Of the Civil War
were cur own people split asunder by
the strife over slavery. Already there
are approximately $500 German prison
ers IN the United States. They are
not capt'ves IN battle. They have
never seen the trenches, but n portion
OF them were active participants in the
war as officers and seamen on the Ger
man sea raider Prinz Ei.el Friedrich,
which ventured into Hampton Roads
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03
Clothed as Well
As French Soldier

When the German is taken prisoner
ne. has. of course, uniform. This.
after it has been fun gated and
cleaned, serves for fatirue clothing.
worn on Sundays and days off, during
his term of imprisonment.
Nhlle the custom varies according to
the situation in the various districts.
as l. rule the prisoners wear, for work
Lng clothes. the wornout uniforms Of
French soldiers. These, after proper
tumleation and cleaning. are repaired
by prison tailors and dyed apple green
to make them conspicuous as the gar
ments of prisoners The tunfcs and
overcoats are stencillcd on the breast
with the letters "p. G. (standing for
pr!sonnier de gucrre). II follows, there
fore, that ii the matter OF comfort
the Germans are clothed. so far as
outer garments go, in exactly the same
fashion as the French soldier
FINALLY. comes the vital, ell impor-
tant question OF food.
In the beginning the French adopted
the rule Of giving prisoners exactly
the same ration as their own troops
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03
Proposal to Use
Them in State Work

There have been but few attempts
to escape. and the guarding of the
prisoners is relatively easy. Proposals
are under consideration for utilizing
the men, as well as those az Fort ogle-
tho~pe and Fort Mcpherson, in the
building of roads or for the develop
ment Of he great forest preserves
which the government has acquired all
over North Carolina in the Appala-
caian ranges. 1t has been suggested
that this is an opportunity to develop
this wonderful forest preserve into a
playground for eastern America. like
the grea: forest preserves of Califor-
ria and the Yosemite. This could be
lone without violating The Hague
Tribunal agreement. 1t would relieve
the ted.um Of camp life and realize an
enduring return to the prisoners and
the government In great road sys-
tenn and mountain park for the people
of the South.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03
Have Organized
Many Amusemcnts

The Germans have been permitted %
find amusemcnts for themselves. They
have developed 4 .te of their own.
They developed il ami perfected it until
what a few months ago was merely en-
lnternment camp has nov become a
centre Of every kind of activity On
the river banks German village
was laid out. II is suggestive Of Old
Heidelberg, the crooked streets of
Numbers or some little village IN the
Black Mountains. One almost forgets
that one is in the mountains of North
Carolina as he walks along the mar
low, crooked streets OF TINS German
village, lanked on either side by artis-
tic playhouses built by the men them
selves. Inc hou2es ere not for living
IN, although ingenious stoves nave been
built to keep them warm from stones
picked up along the riverside. Ard tho
houses themselves are made frsm
scraps Of lumber, from broken branches
OF trees. from little pieces OF wood.
They are shinglcd with tin cans and
are Dapered within and tinted at very
little expense.
A canteen was opened, run by the
Germans. They buy at wholesale and
sell at considerably less than we nav
at the stores. They demonstrate in a
small way how much we are paying
the hlidG4en3en -or supplies. There are
BARRIERS, cobblers and clothing shops.
laundry has been opened, and me
o.G building formerly utilized for me-
d!cina. baths has been cleaned UP and
placed under the charge Of an expert
rom the Naterland. Here Germans,
on the payment of a small fee, take
baths and secure treatment as they
y 'ght & some health resort in Ger
many. They gay for thase services
from the small SALARY which they still
receive from the Hamburg American
and North German Lloyd Steamship
companies.
ne men have imported pets. They
raise rabbits. Some of them have their
dogs witt them. And in the spring they
are planning to plant their village
the roadways and little spots Of land
mat have been set aside for them-with
vegetables and flowers Of all kinds.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03

fer coal and supplies in July. 1914.
But the great majority of our prison
ers of war are officers and sailors, tho
stewards and employees of the German
merchant vessels which were seized by
oat government Immediately on tho
declaration of war and men who arc
held as suspects who have been ar
rested IN various parts Of the country.
We were new III war methods -un-
prepared for prisoners of war. And
whatever the treatment by Germany of
American prisoners. the United States
determined that German prisoners held
there should be treated on the assump-
tion OF the President that this was
war not against the German people but
against the rulers OF Prussia.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03
His Rights Under
Hague Tribunal

Under the provision of The Hague
Tribunal, agreed 10 by all the powers,
prisoners OF war have certain rights.
They may not be compelled 10 work
at anything that Will contribute to
the military activitl.s of the govern
ment. They are to have means os
communication with their friends II
they do any industrial WorH they are
TO be paid on the same schedule of
wages as that paid to officers pnd sol
Clers OF the same grade IN the army.
The prisoner Of war is helpless He
cannot protect himself and while Tho
Hague Tribunal accomplished little for
the prevention Of war II has made pro-
vision for the protection Of prisoners
Of war,
Hot Springs, IN the mountains. Of
North Carolina, was selected as an in
ternment camp for the interned sea-
men. 1t lies far from the sea and
ncstles in the midst Of mountain
ranges N western North Carolina. For
yesl5 it was q medicinal resort patron-
ized by Southern people. 1t is almost
surrounded by the French Broad River.
1t possesses d great hotel capable of
accommodating 400 or 500 people and
open spaces for the building of bar
racks.
Other war prisoners are interned at
Fort Mcpherson and Fort Oglcthorpe,
Ga. where cantonments have been
erected similar to those occupied by
troops. These camps were b4ilt by the
Germans under direction OF American
ctf.cers and are surrounded by stock
AIDES. Prisoners are supplied with
clothing and are adequately protected
from inclement weather
The officers were separated from the
men by city street. Round about
each camp are high stockades with
barbed- wire fences. Patrols are main
tanned about the canps on the high
ways and railroads - prevent escapes.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03

But in the end of the days ii shall come to pass
That the mountain the shall he established
the top the mountains,
And 1t shall be exalted above the hills;
And people shall low
And many nations shall go nd say:
Come and let go up the mountain of the Lord
And 10 the house OF the God o Jacobs
And He xtl teach is . lis ways
And viii walk n paths
Fer out OF Zon shall go forth the Law
and the Word of the RI Jerrsaien,."
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03
Restored Z ion to Become a New
Spiritual Centre for The .Je1us
NATIONAL Observation-Disclosures
While Race Wandered Earth
Article VIII
BY Bernard G. Richards

Au'ner ~ The seourse
NasaAne and L1atye seeEatary Jewh consr
New-York tribune., 1918-03-03

q /gICAH has been designated as
NJ one Of tie minor prophets, but
= - ~. G,.n.r, - r.ll.- r. -, -. L
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-08-17
WILL ERECT 1000 HOUSES
ON SEVEN Pines PROPERTY
Government Appraises Value of iUtl
Acres of Additional
Property.
FOR USE OF POWDER PACKERS,
Committees From Chamber OF Com
merrc, Rotary Club ard Real rs
tate Exchange Act rs Appraiser
for the Government.

The Federal government will prob
ably add several hundred acres to II
already large realty holdings mt Seven
P,nes. where giant powder packing
plant Is In course Of construction. This
became Known yesterday when COM
mtttees from the Rotary Club and the
Chamber OF Commerce made separate,
appraisais of 400 acres adjoining the
present government reservation.
1t is understood that the properly
appraised will be used for housi7i;
operatives employed In the completed
powder plant. Approximately 2.oC0
MONIES Will be built on the property. II
II is bought, It is said
Inc Richmond Real Estate Exchange
mas also been directed to appoint :.
committee TO appraise the property.
rms Is In conformity with n plan
adopted for universal use Ivy the gov
crnment in Its real estate ventures,
ihree committees always appraisr
property before 1t Is bought by the
government. The real estate men are
expected to make their appraisal within
a few days.
a member OF one of the committees
stated last night that 1t was his opia.
ION that all of the appraisals would nc
mace on pre-war price basis and that
ne thought il useless for any speculator
TO attemp TO profit through buying TN
property.
Frank D. Dunlop. secretary OF the
chamber: l.. H. Kemp, treasurer OF
tIenrico County. and r. c. L. Moncu-c
form the Chamber OF Commerce Com
mittee.
Members OF the Rotary Club Commit
tee arc Thomas B. Sydnor. NJ b. Flor.
sheim. James +. Fox. George j. Stone,
man and Harold S. Bloomberg.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-08-17
THIRTY PER CENT INCREASE
IS DENIED WHITE TOP ROAD
Corporation Commission Holds Granting
Request Would Convenience Conn
pany Only.

Increases IN frciGt rates Will not be
granted by the state Corporation Com
mission solely to help the bookkccpip !;
arrangements oc a railway company
and Il lumbe' company owned ay the
SINE persons even though the ;,ui.:.
may not he concerned in the proposed
increase. such is the substance of 4
decision rendered yesterday by the
commission on tho application Of the
White Top Railway Company for in
creased rates. amounting 10 about 3"
per cent.
The opinion sets forth that it is not
and cannot he claimed that the present
rates arc too low. since cash dividends
equal to nearly % per cent of tn.
capital stock have been paid during the
past two years and six months alone.
The reason the company assigns fo:
asking higher rates is to increase Us
earnings to enable it AT the end II
eight years, at which time il is csli-
mated. the liassigncr Lumber Com
pany, owner OF the railroad, will have
exhausted It's timber in Washington
County, to have returned TO it's stock
holders from earnings and salvage OF
the line the capital paid in.
II is stated that since another car
ricr has built an extension the White
Top Railway does no business for the
public. but hauls only it's own timbc.
ana supplies. However, as the co..,.
mission points out in its opinion. the
line is common carrier. has it's reg :
lar tariffs. and must haul such freiCt;
as the public offers.
After rccitns the law which scts
forth its powers. the commission says:
We conceive 1t to be the duty OF .ht
stale Corporation Commission. under
the provisions OF the Constitution ana
laws OF Virginia, to FIX rates upon a
simple basis OF rcasonablcness a,d
Justice. and in our view its power
should not be invoked In "A matter OF
this sort solely TO aid the bookkccpiEI:
arrangements OF two corporations,
which arc owned by the same parties.
The petition is. therefore. denied and
an order will be entered accordinyIv "
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-08-17
SAYS RULES ARE DiSREGARDED
HrnrirO Administrator Accuacn Rich
mond Merchants OF Selling
Too Much Surnr

&. I. Friend food administrator fo..
Henrico County, has called the atten-
uon OF tho local food administration 10
the fact that iIcnrico people shopping
iT Richmond are able to purchase
sugar here IN excess Of the amount
stipulated under government rulings
thus placing Iienrico merchants at a
decided disadvantage.
Penalty for violation of tn. suy,r
regulations is very drastic. Under the
law. merchant who deliberately vjo
iates these regulations can he put out
OF business.
have no Jurisdiction within the
corporate limits OF the city Of Rich
mond. said Administrator Friend YES
terday. but Purpose to call on Ad
ninistrator Cary and inform him OF
The complaints which have reached mo
regarding Richmond sugar dealers"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-08-17
MILITARY AND LABOR
MEN BURY THE HATCHET
Arrecmcnt IL Reached for Division "f
Celebration on Labor


\ delegation composed Of representa-
,ivcs from each OF the local labor or
CARNATIONS called upon Captain Alco.!
Farrar Elwell. commanding officer ~;
the training detachment at the F~i?
Grounds, last evening, TO express the
regrets of tho labor bodies over the
fact that any reports had gone for';;
giving the public the impression tina:
the labor bodies were TO conduct the
exhibition or tournament at the Fair
Grounds on Labor Day. They assured
the commanding officer that they had
no intention TO create an impression
that they had anything TO do with TIE
exhibition which i.' TO be held.
The facts were simply that the mil
itary authorities had some time ago ~
formed the labor delegates who lid
waited upon them that q tournamen:
was to be held and. inasmuch as the
general public was invited. the labor
authorities were perfectly at liberty 20
bring their people to the Fair Grounds
following their parade IN the morning.
They were simply TO Join in the general
assemhlagc which would come TO the
grounds to witness the tournament.
They were also given the permission
10 provide and sell refreshments to the
people assembled to assist them in d.
frayinC the expenses OF their patriotic
parade.
All indications point to the fact that
Richmond is 10 have regular wa,-
time Labor Day. with many big feat
urcs The labor bodies are arranging
a most pretcntious parade, which will
he held in the morning. The parade
viii disband near the Fair Grounds at
nout the time the ceremonies planned
hy the military authorities will begin.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-08-17
NO BID SUBMITTED
Administrative Bonrd Fail. to Rcc.tx,
ANY Proposnls for Electric
Current

MOI single bid and only one pro-
posaI was the answer the Adminis,ra-
tive Board received yesterday to it's ad
'crtiscments for bids on the city's ex-
cess electric current. The proposal
came from Thomas S. Wheelwrirh,
president OF the Virginia Railway ana
rover company. and was to have inte"-
connections made with the city's plar,
so that tho company could utilizo tho
surplus current. He declared that thi.
was IN accordance with the sugg.a-
ions OF state Fuel Administrator Byrd
last May. who outlined the plan az :,
war measure for the conservation or
iuci. MI Whcclwright also suggested
&c ,"e expenses that would be ~.
CURED and the price 10 De maid for ,.,o
current be fixed by arbitration. Tho
proposal was submitted TO the Gil,
F'cian for his recommendation
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-08-17
ADMINISTRATIVE BOARD
WINDING UP AFFAIRS
Calls for Inventory OF All Artcieh IN
Every Department Of CITY
Government.

The Administrative Board at noon
Yesterday sent instructions to the heauS
nf the various city departments can
ing for an itemiZed budget or their
wants for the year 1919. which must nc
IN the hands OF the board not later
than December J. The board also call
ed for a complete inventory OF every
thing" contained in every department,
no object however small and insiEnif-
cant to be overlooked. which must
he delivered to the board not la
ter than December Is. During the
two weeks from the 18th TO the
31st. the department heads were di-
TO the inventory on the last day of the
year, when the board goes out Of Of
flee.
The boards order is az follows:
ITO Heads OF Departments
You are instructed to have in the
hands Of the Administrative Board
your budget OF wants for the year 1919
not later than December !. 1918. We
would appreciate an itemized budget
~ your wants. along with the names
Of every officer and employee. with
their relative positions and salary paid
them. You will also state IL they are
ter diem or monthly men.
You will also have in the hands Of
the Administrative Board not later than
II
inventory Of everything contained in
your department.. II makes no differ
cncc how small or large the article
| may he. What we want is complete
i:vcntory OF everything. From the
18TH Of December until the 3lst OF De-
ccmber you will keep a memorandum
80 Az TO add II to the inventory on the
last day Of December Of just what Is
! on hand at tho close OF business on
! December 81.
"a copy Of this order Is transmitted
10 The Mayor"