davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Lack of Locomotives
Makes Coal Scarce

The current issue of "The Black Dia-
mond' says that the most important
feature IN the coal shortage is the lack
OF locomotives. The need for the en-
gines is SO urgent that they are used
IN spite of the fact that they are seri-
ously in need of repairs. This locomo-
tive shortage affects all parts of the
country, and in the South it is the de-
termining factor in the matter Of Sc
curing fuel supplies, the car supplies
at the. various mines being far below
normal, with no prospect of Immediate
relief. The one bright spot in the
situation is in the Northwest, where
the fuel conserved at the docks has
proved to be the salvation of that sec.
ton of the country. While coal is NOT
moving as freely as in former davs.
there have been comparatively few
complaints on account of short SUP,
plies.
Colorado, Wyoming and New Mexico
are doing splendid work in keeping nm
their record production and are NOT
much affected by conditions obtaininp
in the East.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
All Germany Suffers
In Composition Shoes
Wooden Soles With Paper and
Rag Uppers Make a Poor
Foot Covering
The NeW York Tribune
Foreign Press Bureau

OTetgn trcSS bureau
The lack Of leather in Germany has
become so acute that common leather
shoes have become luxury within
reach of only those privileged by
wealth or rank. For the average Ger
man subjects Of both sexes the Ger
man government has just invented a
uniform shoe" (Einheitschuh). This
shoe is made Of paper, wood, old rags
and scraps of leather and, even in the
opinion of the most ardent pan-Ger-
mans, is something to which it is i'm
possible to get customed
TO get an idea Of what the horrible
discomforts of the new German sub
stltute for shoes must be. it is suffi-
cient to hear the opinion on this mat
ter Of the "Berliner Tageblatt." one
of the staunchest supporters of the
military clique. 1t says:
"The new uniform shoe has nothing
of the elegance, lightness and beauty
of the former plain street shoes The
leather and cloth trimmings Of ladies'
and gentlemen's shoes are now lacking
completely. as are also the leather
soes, which have been substituted by
other raw materials.
he new shoe is crude and clum-
sy thing. uncouth and very rough
heavy and thick. and viii be source
Of discomfort and annoyance TO un.
accustomed feet. The sides are made
of imprcgnated paper: sometimes old
military coats and uniforms, remnant.
of cloth and rags are employed when
the military authorities can supply
thar The toe caps and the vanps
are made Of leather.
"Thc so-called better uniform shoes
have their sides trimmed with narrow
leather strips. The soles Of all shoes
are entirely Of wood. The so-called
vocational shoes for worhmen have
their wooden soles protected with nails
or tacns from being too rapidly used
up. These shoes will now cost. &C
eording to the size. from II to %
marks (s425 to $500. Before the
war a good pair OF leather shoes could
be obtained for s to IL marks.)."
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

With the fundamentals controll-
ing industrial conditions changing
SO radically from day to day, with
new factors coming actively into
play and still others looming up
ahead, it is not surprising that the
stock market should be so inert.
If the market had not already been
thoroughly liquidated such confusion
and uncertainty as now prevail
would surely have been accom-
panied by heavy selling Of stocks,
for the tendency Of spectators and
investors always is to play safe
when the smallest shadow falls over
the business situation. The fact that
there is no such selling pressure
is to be attributed chiefly to the
fact that speculative commitments
are very small, probably smaller in
the aggregate than for many years.
Unfortunately no data arc availa-
BILE to enable one to make a posi-
tive statement one way or the other,
but it is the opinion Of competent
observers that a greater proportion
Of corporate securities are now
owned outright and smaller pro-
portion held on margin than at any
time within the last decade. And,
in view of the tremendous readjust-
ment which has already taken place,
most investors seem to be content
to hold on to the securities in their
possession, though they are not in
cined to buy moro at present. Such
a crisis as was threatened last fall
is not, therefore, likely to be wit
messed again in the near future.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Latent Energy of Labor
Must Be Developed
Quickly to Win War
Experience Abroad Indicates That We Have a
Vast Supply of Unutilized Industrial Man
Power, and 1t Can Be Made to Con-
tribute More Than Saving
Toward Victory

ing to us-if VIC can find the labor
to get it-and the transportation to
put it where it is needed.
Now as to workers.
Much dependence may be placed
upon labor charts and similar in
formation, but the vast human ele-
ment not expressible in figures will,
in my opinion, have much more
important effect on the total produc
tion Of this country than the mere
numbers indicated. The element of
enthusiasm. the element that has
pushed this nation forward, the
energy of it's workers and it's think
ers, is just as impor ant as their
time. - =. .
Two or three years ago Henry
Ford announced a minimum scale of
wages that manufacturers through
cut the country pronounced ridicu-
lous. They imagined he was paying
unheard-of wages mainly through
purseproud out Of boastfulness.
which, out of his huge profits, he
was perfectly able to afford.
After while the astounding fact
began to develop that it cost less to
manufacture a Ford car under the
new wage scale than it did under the
cid. In other words, the men pro-
duced so much more because they
wanted to that the cost of the in
dividual piece was less.
The labor chart will tell you how
many men there are employed and
how many moro or less than last
year; it will not tell you the time at
their disposal; it cannot measure
the energy they are capable of dcvcl-
oping--nor willing to develop.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

Since the public insists upon hold
ing aloof professional traders must,
If they are going to trade at all,
exchange counter is between them
selves, and it was in transactions of
this character that practically all
trading consisted last week. Having
tested out he bear side without re-
sponse, spectators, encouraged by
pool activities, began to buy. Toward
the end Of the week they got some
action on the constructive side,
probably because the market was in
an oversold condition. The advance
in prices, while moderate in most
cases, was general, many more
stocks closing the week with gains
than sustained losses. Of the 223
issues traded in, lat advanced, so
declined and 26 showed no change
compared with the prices estab-
lished a week before. Dealings.
however, were at a low ebb, the
total turnover reaching only L.
952,50 shares. In the correspond
ing week last year the total was O.
66l,200 shares. Because Of the
prevailing opinion that a satisfac-
tory basis for compensating the
carriers under government owner
ship will soon be arrived at rail-
road stocks did better than the other
groups. OF the ffty-six issues
traded in, forty-one advanced, while
only eight declined and seven were
unchanged.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Foreign rade
Must Be Won and
Held by Service
Intelligent Study of Market Re-
quirements Essential to Ex-
pansion of Our Interna-
tional Commerce
By George A. CASTOR

President CASTOR, Williams e. Wiq.
more, Inc.
TO-DAY there is no other subject
upon which the American manu-
1acturer can dwell seriously and
with moro assurance Of satisfactory
and profitable results ultimately than
ehat OF building up and holding foreign
trade through sheer service.
NO good can como from denying an
Gil too apparent fact, therefore vent
ure to assert that the average Amer
lean manufacturer and merchant who
obtained distribution Of their products
IN foreign markets prior to the war
rendered more inefficient service than
their European competitors. This is, at
least, the reputation they bear, and the
net result of such service has almost
Invariably proved to be failure in whole
or part
Briefly, the chief cause of such a
short sighted policy is to be found in
the lack Of knowledge of foreign re-
qulrements and methods of doing bust.
ness, and further, because it has been
relatively so easy to transact business
here at homo there has been consider
able indifference as to what the foreign
customer said or thought Beyond
doubt, there has prevailed 20 a harmful
degree spirit or attitude of take it
or leave it" so far as the foreign pur-
chaser has been concerned.
The war opened up innumcrable ave.
nucs Of highly profitable trade and
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Why Demand for
Anthracite Grows
Population of District Consuming
1t Expanding Rapidly


That the population Of the industrial
region in the anthracite consuming ter
ritory Of the United States has during
the last seven years increased by al
most 100000 inhabitants, or abont Is
per cent, is shown in the report Of
the Provost Marshal General to the
Secretary of War on the sclectvc ser
vice act, 1917.
The following table shows the popu-
latlon of states in the industrial region
of this country where the great bulk
of anthracite is consumed, taken at the
census Of 1910, in comparison with the
poulation of these states in 1917, as
estimated in the above mentioned re-
port:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Japan's Forestry Resources

Japan. though not as wealthy as the
United States or Canada SO far as her
timber wealth is concerned, STANDS
rather we'll proportionately. In lslo
the state owned 2,93l.S59 acres OF for
est land, the imperial household b2o'-
S92 acres, while 3,99S.116 acres were
privately owned, making q total OF
1,4o6.3l0 acres. Timber produced I"
wealth of 65,629,492 yen, bamboo 2,.iS,..
o4l yen. and by-products 1s.o5s,3st
yen And more than this the chemical
products of wood, such as charcoal
calcium acetate, pine black. tan, cam
Ihor and camphor oil yielded 25,SsS'-
1lo ycn.-Japanese American CONNER
cial Weekly. -
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Japanese Bank in Corea
Ihe Ne,o York Tribune
FOret1u Press Ryr,o.


Japan is extending so RAPIDLY bcr
financial influence in Manchnr;a .nd
mongolia that she has recently found
IL necessary to take measures IA ,r;f,.
'ne circulation of currency in those
districts in order to regulate the ,oc.,
money market and general trade With
thls M END IN view, the Bank of Chosen
Soorea) has been selected as the off,
Eaho I'at representative M3T of Japan, saws the
nope "Herald," and a proclamation 70
that effect has been issued bv thu ,o
Japanese Finance Department.
according to this proclamation. The
1ith oank WI Wlll transact transact business connected
Manchura and will unity the gold note f.,
system IN Manchuria and Mongolia and
control C as the gold note circulation. In
q aosa sn0r. time it is hoped to adopt the
gold standard in both districts. The
Yokohama Specie Bank viii continme
10 issue silver notes in Manchuria
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

The bond market as a whole was
cutie as strong as the stock market,
and investment houses reported a
really substantial demand for short
term issues. Improvement in sccu-
rites of fixed return seems TO be
based partly upon the restriction to
be applied to new issues, which will
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Million Women
Working in England

England has we'll over 5000 900
men directly engaged in active war
servlce-this out of a total labor sup
ply estimated at 25,OO0,O0O. Twenty
per cent Of the working forces of
Great Britain were drawn from her
industrial army. Detailed figures
for all industries in Great Britain
are not available. but there is every
indication, even in the face Of labor
shortage and the shortage of many
raw materials, that the total product
Of British industry is greater than
any total ever before produced. Not
only this, but she has created and
maintained a complete railway sys-
tenn in France.
More than u million women are
employed by the Munitions Ministry
alone, and while hours of labor have
been shortened the wages Of women
have increased more than 100 per
cent since the war began. Even so.
the cost of much British war mate
rial has fallen far below it's earlier
levels, because Of increased eff
cheney Of manufacture and the lib
cral rcwarding Of inventors of labor
saving Devices
Much of the result has come from
understandings with labor unions,
which have removed all limits of
production and restrictions as to the
closed shop. Longer hours were
tried at first, but this was not sue
cessful, for fatigue slowed down pro-
ductlon. To-day the hours are limit
ed, but every worker is allowed to
produce all he can, is paid accord
lng!y, and there is comfortable
agreement that there will be no
strikes, which is lived up to.
In France more exact figures of
the numbers employed are available,
although here again so much of the
excess production is in war mate
rails that the total output is not
known. But we do know that
more than two and one-half times
the number of individuals are actu-
ally employed in industries TODAY
than were so employed in August.
1914.
The labor chart takes account of
labor already in existence; it takes
no account Of the great forces of
women willing, even anxious. to
work; women who have never before
had the chance; nor does it count
the boys and young men who are
coming on.
l think there can be no question
that factory capacity-machine ca
racity-sufficient to very nearly
double our present output is in ex-
lstence and wants only mobilization.
do not mean by this that MANY
factories are idle, even for part
time, but if the experience of Fog
land is to be accepted as criterion
we may find here many shops con-
tanning tools which are used but lit
tle' and many others, which, by
slight Encouragement, might easilv
be adopted for war work.
How far production can be in
creased in this country I hesitate TO
predict, but the increase of, roughly
80 per cent in certain farm products
that resulted last year from mere
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY
Three and One -RaIf Per Cent.
Mortgage Bonds.

Notice Is hereby given that. pursuan, to
the provisions Of Article N.ne OF the mort.
gage from this Company to tho United
States Trust Company OF New York. Tfus.
tee dated August J. 1899. this Compapy
has set apart oLt % the net income derived
by y from the lines OF railroad therein
mortgagsd the sum of Twenty i've thousand
dollars in trust 10 lie used redeem saii
bonds, and that bonds issued rnde. saii
mortgage VIII bo redeemed Herewith bds
are hereby invited for the surrender OF such
bonds al prices TO be named by the bidders.
to the amount OF $2o,30o.l3 IL Tie Sinking
Fund
such BIDS should be presented 70 ma
Company at It's office. l65 Broadway. in tn tns
CITY OF New York. or before the 9TH cay
or February. 1918. at twelve o'clock noon,
and should be endorsed Bids for Surrendes
and One Half Per Cent. Bonds"
CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILWAY co.
BY WM. F. HERRIN, President
Dated L;.nracY ;. lolS
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

President National Thrift Bond
Corporation
w 7HATEVER question may
wv have arisen as to the best
way to win the war, there
is no question but that it will take
all the time and energy every man,
woman and boy in America can give
to it. And as making q decision is
about the hardest thing most of us
have to do, it is great pity any Of
our much-needed energy should have
to be wasted in deciding how best to
use the rest of it,
First we heard Business as u.s.
ual." Now, "Save and serve" And
there be somc who say the line we
should all adhere to is "Work and
Win" Business as usual" has been
pretty generally discarded. Bust
ness will not be-cannot be-"as
usual" Let US leave the phrase and
all that goes with it out Of account.
"Save and servc," like many catch
phrases, isn't very definite 1t sounds
we'll and has a number Of meanings.
Putting aside it's very appropriate
use by the food conservation forces
(where perhaps "Savc and produce"
would have been more forceful, if
less alliterative), I take it that "Save
and serve" means to the average
man, as it does to me, "spend less
and buy bonds with the money!; to
the economist, it means, I believe,
that as the country is faced with
the problem of providing a difference
between consumption and production
measured by some twenty billion dol
lars, and as this difference has, in the
past, never amounted to more than
six or seven billions, it is of prime
Importance that we each consume
less SO that total domestic consump-
ton may be reduced and the goods
and services" thus freed be put at
the disposal Of government for war
purposes. An added argument is
that thus production costs (mainly
labor) will be kept down and the
cost of the war to the people will
be proportionately less.
This is complicated enough as it
is without the introduction of fur
ther elements as to the "essential'
and mon essential" industries about
which so much is being printed.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
FINANCIAL MEETINGS

THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
Shareholders Of the tsplaradc keai'y
Company. Inc, viii be held at its ofhce
No. 43 Exchange Place, Borough OF Man
haitian. City OF New York on Monds.,
February II, 1915 at u o'clock noon. lor
the election Of Directors for the ensuhs
year and the transaction Of such othei
business as may properly come before th0
meeting.
l.. p. GROVER. Secretary
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

These statistics clearly demonstrate
one of the principal causes of the enor-
mously increased demand for anthra-
cite. "A more detailed table would prob
AMY show that the greater percentage
OF the increased population has been
drawn into the industrial region since
1914, the influx being due to industrial
expansion as the result of the war
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

A glance at the daily record of
stock transactions is sufficient to
show that no one is likely to lose
very much by the decision of the
Stock Exchange to close on Mon
days. Members should be grateful,
for there is not enough business to
keep more than a fraction of then,
busy; and both activity and over
coats would be required to keep a
broker warm, inside and out, on the
hcatless floor of the Board.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

limit the supply. Only one Offering
OF Importance was made last week,
the City Of New York selling S.
100000 of revenue bills on a basis
averaging about 452 per cent,
which was somewhat lower than the
yield on the preceding issue. 1t is
probable that no further offerings
of consequence will be put out, either
by corporations or municipalities,
until the newly appointed commit
tee of advisers to the Federal Re-
serve Board has laid out rules under
which priority is to be given to is
sues of securities for projects con-
sldered essential to the conduct of
the war. In any event, no substan-
tlal amount of new financing can be
expected before the closing of the
next Liberty Loan campaign, which
probably will not be before the mid
die of April.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28

request in an addition Of 20 per cent
to the railway traffic two years ago
the increase Of 80 per cent over The
highest previous maximum in the
steel trade in less than two years
all these are an indication Of what
the American people and American
energy can do. I daresay the state
ment can be absolutely disproved, as
could a similar statement have been
disproved in England three years
ago, but believe if this war goes on
for two years the value of our prod
ucts measured not in terms of in
flated currency, but by the index fig
ures of two years ago, will be double
the product of that year.
A very great deal Of this extra
energy-the energy that will double
the product of this country-will
come from patriotic fervor, but it
is pretty far cry from the battle
fields Of France to tho coal mines
of Illinois or the shipyards of the
Pacific Coast. A certain romantic
fervor may urge on the maker of
shells, machine guns or airplanes.
and even stimulate him to extra
energy because his product is pic
torially in his mind part of the
war, but it takes good deal more
imagination than the average farm
hand has available to urge him to
speed up in order that the corn he
is growing may be available to feed
the cattle which shall help to feed
our allies.
Mr.. Vanderlip has said that
things, not money, will win the war.
True, but money is the measure of
things; money is the language the
people understand. Extra hard
work, extra speed, extra product,
has always translated itself to the
worker in terms Of dollars and
cents. Let us not invent a new Ian
guage when our meaning can be so
clearly conveyed in the old-let dol
lars and cents speak to the workers
now. Speed up, push on, work
harder, work faster--all these NAV
be SO clearly expressed in money.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-28
Need for Saving
Should Be Urged

There is no question, | think, as
TO the economic Soundness of the re-
duction of unnecessary consump-
ton. Nor is it in any sense a mis-
take to press this fact home not ONLY
to individuals Of large expenditure
but to corporations and municipal
ties. Indeed. here a leaf might well
be taken from the book of the food
adninistration--and the advice be
made concrete and specific rather
than indefinite and general.
10 individuals whose expenditure
is capable Of considerable rcduc-
I tlons-and to those who control the
activities of private and government
tai rporations--" save cannot be
said too often, though indeed the
tax legislation will do much to en-
force saving among those of large
incomes.
But "slogans"- s"--catch phrases-arc
for the mass Of the people. This is
a war OF the people. 1t is mainly
for all the people; it is surely by all
the people that 1t must be decided.
What must be stressed in the an.
peal to all the people?
Suppose it were possible for every
one of us to reduce his CONSUMPTION
his eXpenditure-by half. Would
that win the war? Leave out Of &C.
count every other consideration, and
ask yourself whether saving alone
could win the war-and you must
answer no.
Again leaving out of account
every other consideration, ask your
self II work alone can win the war.
and the answer is work, and only
work, will win it.
just this incomplete but simple
reductto ad absurdum is enough. #
seems to me, to answer the whole
question as to which keynote should
be struck.
Work and win,
Are Facilities
Availablee
Let US see whether this is only a
phrase, or whether on examination
it will be found to contain reason
able basis for the twenty billions Of
"dlfference' we are called on to pro-
duce this year.
Have we the materialso
Have we the workers?
Have we the shops?
think the question of material,
may be answered at once in the af-
flrmative. No raw material is lack