The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-11-19
FEATURES
Turk and TeutOn
Ambassador Moraenthau's Story OF
Great War Plots
BY HENRY MoRGENTHAU.

CONTINUED from Previous Issue.)
For this is the element in the situa-
ton that separated Russia from her
allies, that, in less than a year, led to
her defeat and collapse, which. in turn,
was the reason why the Russian revo-
luton became possible. The mar dis
closes that this enormous land Of Rus
sic has just four ways OF reaching the
seas. One is by the way Of the Baltic.
and this the German fleet had already
closed. Another ia ArchanEoL on the
Arctic ocean, a port which Is frozen
over several months In h year, and
which connects with the heart Of Rus
STA only by a long. sinEle-traCk rail-
road. Another Is the Pacific port Of
Nladisvostok. also ice bound for three
months, which reaches Russia only by
the thin line OF the Siberian railway.
5000 miles long, The fourth passage
was that Of tho Dardanelles; in fact
this was the only practicable one. This
was the narrow gate through which
the surplus products of 10 ,OOO. 600 peo-
pie reached Europe. and nine-tenths Of
all Russian exports and Imports had
gone this way for years. BY suddenly
closing Il, Germany destroyed Russia
both as an economic and a military
power. BY shutting off the exports Of
Russian grain. she deprived Russia Of
the financial power essential to sue
cessful warfare. What was perhaps
even more fatal, she prevented England
and France from getting munitions to
the Russian battle front in sufficient
quantity to stem, the German onslaught
As soon as the pardanelles was closed.
Russia had TO fall back on Archangcl
and Nladivostok for such supplies as
she could get from these ports. The
cause Of the military collapse Of Rus
sia in 1915 is now we'll known, the sol
diers simply had no ammunition with
which 10 fight. The first half Of the
year 1918, Germany spent In Nn unsur-
cessful attempt to drive a wedge" he
tween the French and English armies
on the western front; 10 separate one
ally from another and SO obtain a 20
sition where she could attack each one
separately Yet tho task Of undninE
h Franco Russian treaty. and driving
such a wedge" between Russia and
her western associates. proved 10 have
beer an easy one. II was simply u
matter, as ! have described, Of con
trolling "A corrupt m degenerate gov.
eminent, getting possession. while she
was still at peace, Of her main eXeCu-
yves her army, her nav her re.
sources, and then, at the proper mo-
ment, ignoring the nominal rulers and
closlng a little strip OF water about %
miles long and two or three wide II
did not cost a single human life or the
urlnT OF a single gun, yet, in "A twin
EhnE. Germany accomplished what
probably 5000, 400 men. opposed 10 n
w~ell-equipped Russian force. could not
nave brought TO pass. It was one Of
the most dramatic military triumph
q the war, and 1t was all the work af
german propaganda, German penetra-
ton and German diplomacy
IN the days following this bottlinr ~
OF Russia, the B%osphorus hogan to look
like n harbor which has been suddenly
stricken with the plague. Hundreds Of
ships arrived from Russia, Rumanin
and Bulgaria, loaded with grain, INN j.
Der and other products. only to dis
cover that they coulu go no farther
There were not docks enough to nc
cpmmodRte them. and they had ia
swing out into the stream, drop an
ehor, and await developments, The
waters were a cluster of masts and
smokestacks, and the crowded vessels
heceme SO dense that a motor boat had
d%tfftculty in. picking It's way through
me tangled forest. The Turks held out
homes that they might reopen The
water way, and for this reason these
vessels, constantly increasing in nun
her, waited patiently for u month or SO.
Fhen. one bv one, they turned around
pointed Their noses toward the Blscl
lea and luguhriously started Tor thei,
Home ports In a few weeks the Ros,
phorus and adjoining waters had he
come a desolate waste, What for year,
had been one Of the most animated
shipping ports In the world, was ruf,
red only by an occasional launch, or q
tiny Turkish oaidue, or now and ther
. little sailing vessel. And for an &C.
eurate idea Of what this meant, from
u hilltary standpoint. we need only cal
TO mind the Russian battle front in IN,
next year There the peasants wert
fighting German artillery with thcli