davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04
POLITICS IN FOREIGN LANDS

! A spirit of unrest was apparent in
many widely separated countries in
1917, leading in some cases to revolu-
ton and civil war. The revolution in
Russia. resulting in the abdication Of
Gar Nicholas and the forced abdica-
ton of King Constantine of Greece
were events closely allied with the
war. Disturbances in China, incladine
an attempt to restore the monarchy
were influenced partly by the war
Conditions in China were unsettlt q I'M
til June 80, when under the influence
of monarchists. Hsuan Tung. Manchu
emperor. announced his resumption Of
the throne of China. Civil war i'm
mediately broke out and on July 10
the attempt to restore the monarchy
collapsed. On July 10 the mOnarchist
army. led by Chang Hsun. surrendered
after a battle at Picking. The repub.
lican government was firmly establish.
ed again and later declared war on
Germany and Austria-Hungary.
Civil war in Cuba threatened to dis
rupt that country during the earlt
months of the year. The rebels were
badly defeated in several engagements
and on March Z, Gomez. their leader
was captured. The rebellion was
stamped out quickly after the capture
of Gomez.
Great Britain continued to wrestle
with the Irish problem throughout the
year. The Irish nationalist, on March
Z. demanded immediate home rule and
marched out of the house of commons
in body. On July 25 a convention
proposed by Premier Lloyd George and
representing all factions in Irelale met
for the purpose of drafting home
rule constitution for Ireland.
Some misunderstanding between
the United States and Japan over far
Eastern matters were cleared away by
the signing by diplomatic representa-
tives of the two countries on Novem-
Der of an agreement by which the
United States recognizes the fact that
Japan has special interests in China
because of it's proximity but guaran-
teeing the territorial integrity of
China and the maintenance of the open
door policy in that country.
Copyright, 1917, by the Mcclure Newspa-
per Syndicate)
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04

November s. Premier Kerensky fed
from Petrograd, and other members of
the cabinet of the provisional govern
ment were arrested. On November 10
the rebel government made Lenine pre-
mier. Kerensky, at the head of a body
of loyal Cossack troops, attacked Pc
trograd November IL, but was badly
defeated. The bolshevik were appar-
entity in full control of Russia by No
vember %, when the Lenine govern
ment proposed a general armistice to
all beIiigerents.
American troops on the west front
suffered their first casualties on No
vember when German troops raided
a salient held by the Americans, kill
ing three, wounding five and taking
u prisoners. On November 5 the
American patrol boat Alcedo was sunk
by torpedo and q were lost.
During the last days of November
and the early part of December, the
Germans made determined efforts to
regain some of the territory captured
by the British around Cambria but the
British held large portion of the
ground taken, inficting heavy losses
on the Germans. The Austro-German
forces began a new offensive in Italy
early in December, forcing the italian
lines back for distance of several
miles at some points.
Early in December it was announced
that large number of national guard
troops from the United States had ar
rived in France, units from every
state being included. On December z,
the United States congress declared
the existence of a state of war with
ria-Hungary. The following day
it was announced that the American
destroyer Jacob Jones had been sunk
by a German submarine with q loss
of Ga men.
The Russian situation was further
complicated by new revolt against
the bolsheviki government launched
by Generals Kaledines and Korniloff,
Cossack leaders.
British. French and Italian troops on
December 10, captured Jerusalem,
which for 673 years has been under the
sway of the Moslems.
On December 16, it was announced
that Russian and Teuton emissaries
had signed a four-weeks' armistice, one
provision of which was that peace ne
gotiations should begin Immediately.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04

/ February 3, 30 were killed and 344
hurt in ship explosion at Archangel.
On the same day an explosion at Yo-
kohama killed 100. On February 81,
| the British transport Mendi was sunk
| in a collision, 625 South African la
borers being lost.
| On March IL, a tornado In east CEN
trail Indiana killed more. than 20 per-
sons and on March %, SO were killed
and more than 200 injured when tor
nado wrecked part of the city of New
Albany, Ind.
Explosions In Russian ammunition
plant near Chester, Pa, killed 112 per-
sons April 10. An explosion in the
Hastings mine near Ludlow. Colo,
April 81, caused loss of 119 lives.
May %, the city of Gyoenyoes, Hun
gary, was devastated by fire. Thirty
lives were lost and great damage was
done by a storm in Kansas May 25 and
the following day tornadoes in central
Illinois killed $50 persons and destroy
ed property worth millions of dollars.
May 20, many persons were killed in
tornadoes in southern Illinois, Ken
lucky, Tennessee, Alabama and Arkan-
sas.
San Salvador, capital of Salvador,
and a number of surrounding towns
We're partially destroyed by volcanic
eruption, earthquake and fire June z.
More than $50 men persisted in blaz-
ing mine at Butte, Mont, June 9. Thir-
teen were killed and many injured
when a water tank fell on the steamer
Christopher Columbus at Milwaukee,
Wis.,, June 80.
A Niagara Gorge trolley car plunged
into the rapids, July 1, and % were
killed. A mine explosion at New Wa
terford, Cape Breton, killed 62 men
on July 25.
A mine explosion at Clay, KY,
caused the loss of 81 lives on August
4. Nineteen were lost when the Brit
ish steamer City of Athens, carrying
missionaries to Africa, was sunk by a
floating mine on August 10. Eighteen
were killed in a trolley car collision
near North Branford, Conn.,, August
Is. On August IS, disastrous fire
swept Saloniki. Greece, destroying a
large part of the city.
Many persons were killed in a ty-
phoon and flood at Toxic, October 2,
and a thousand persons were reported !
drowned in great floods in Natal, |
South Africa, October %.
About 1000 persons were killed and |
millions of dollars worth of property |
destroyed December by an explosion |
and fire which followed a collision In |
the harbor at Halifax, N. S., between
Mont Blanc, French munition ship,
and the limo, laden with supplies for
the Belgian Relief Commission.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04

measure. On May 10, President VIII
son selected Herbert c. Hoover, chair
man of the Belgian relief commission.
as head of food control board, and
later, on August IL. following the pass
age by congress of food-control bill,
Mr.. Hoover was made food admins
son issued an order fixing the basic
prices for bituminous coal in the pro-
ducing districts Of the country. On
August %, President Wilson appointed
DR.. III. A. Garfield fuel administrator
for the United States. On August 80
fixed the basic price for the 1917 crop
at 1920 bushel.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04
DOMESTIC AFFAIRS

The Danish West Indies, purchased
from Denmark for $25,000,000, passed
under the Jurisdiction of the United
States January 81, and were renamed
the Virgin islands.
Serious race riots in East st. Louis,
Mo-, July 2, resulted In the killing of
more than 20 negroes and two white
men and heavy property loss by fire.
The riots were followed by prosecu-
lions by state officials and congress
sional investigation.
Soldiers of the I'wenty-fourth U. S.
infantry (colored) started a race riot
at Houston, Tex. August %, resulting
in the death of Is whites and several
negroes.
Interest in the general elections on
November was centered in New
York and Chicago, where Socialist
tickets were defeated by large MAORI
ties. Judge Hylan, Democratic nomi-
nee, was elected mayor of New York
over fusion, Republican and Socialist
candidates.
In Milwaukee, Wis, November %,
ten policemen and woman were kill
ed by the explosion of bomb found
in a church and taken to police head
quarters.
Thirteen negroes, convicted by court
martial of participating in the race
riots at Houston, Tex, August %, were
hanged at San Antonio, December IL
Forty-one others were given life SEN
fences.
The house of representatives, on De-
cember IT, adopted resolution, al
ready adopted by the senate, submit
ting to the states a constitutional
for national prohibition.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04
THE WAR CONGRESS

The first "war session" of the Sixty
fifth congress which opened on April
2, was the most momentous session in
the history of the United States up to
that time.
The first war bill passed by congress
was one authorizing the issuance of
bonds to an amount not exceeding $5,-
000OO0,000 and authorizing the secre-
| tary of the treasury to purchase Sc
curities of governments at war with
Germany to the amount of $3,000,000,-
0OO
The army CONSUMPTION act was
passed by the house April % by vote
of 397 to "a and by the senate on May
1 by vote of 81 to s.
The first big war appropriation BILL
carrying appropriations aggregating
1921, 094, 541.60 for the army and
navy, was passed in the house May 2
with one opposing vote and in the SEN
ate May 10 without a roll call.
The measure known as the espion-
age act, intended TO prevent disloyal
acts on the part of residents of the
United States and also containing pro-
visions giving the president power to
place an embargo on exports, was
signed by the president June 10.
A bill appropriating S640000,000 for
the development of the air service was
passed without a record vote by the
senate on June IS and by the house
ON June %.
The food control act, under which
broad powers were given to the presi-
dent for the regulation of the sale of
food and fuel, was passed in the house,
June % by vote of 365 to 5 and in
the senate July 81 by a vote of 81 to 6.
The second great bond issue act,
authorizing the issuance of bonds to
the amount Of $7,53S, 945.G40 and war
savings certificates to the amount of
50, 000,000000, was passed in the house
September 6 and in the senate Septem-
Der Is.
The revenue act, first introduced in
the house May 8, was passed by the
house May %, but was not passed by
the senate until September 10. The
report was accepted Octo-
Der .. The message provides for the
raising of nearly S3,000,000.000 annu-
ally, largely from income and excess
profits taxes.
The second big war appropriations
act, carrying total of S5.356, $685. |
D16.93, including $685., 100000 additional |
for the emergency shipping fund, was
by the president October 6.
The second session of the war con-
gress opened December 8, and the fol-
lowing day President Wilson delivered |
A message declaring that nothing will
urn the United States aside from its
task until the war is won.
During December both houses of con-
gress opened far-reaching investiga
ions into the war preparations of the
var and navy departments.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04
DISASTERS ON LAND AND SEA

The yeaf 1917 was marked by many
disasters on land and sea, aside from
those resulting from the land and
naval operations of the countries at
war. Thousands of lives were lost
and millions of dollars worth of prop
erty was destroyed by fires, explosions,
earthquakes, tornadoes and other de-
structive agencies In all parts of the
world.
On January 5. an earthquake In For
mosa caused the death of 300 persons.
On January %, an earthquake killed so
persons on Bali Island, Malay archi-
peligo.
On February 2, an explosion and fire
in 4 Chicago tenement killed %. On
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04
INDUSTRIAL AND ECONOMIC

Industrial unrest was apparent IN
the United States throughout 1917
largely as a result of war conditions
and in spite of efforts made by the
government, aided by leaders of organ
lied labor, to prevent strikes which
would delay the nations war prepare,
lions.
Early in the year a nationwide
strike of the skilled railroad employees,
which had been averted in 1916 by the
passage of the Adamson law, providing
indirectly for an increase in wages,
was again threatened, owing to the
fact that the placing of the Adamson
law in operation was delayed pending
a decision by the United States Su-
preme court on its validity. The
threatened strike was averted March
IS by the capituIation of the railroad
managers. On the following day the
United States Supreme court handed
down a decision holding the Adamson
law constitutional.
Serious troubles were precipitated in
the Arizona copper fields July 1 when
the miners struck. Disorders were re-
ported from several points and on
July II the people of Bigbee, Ariz., de-
ported 1000 members of the Industrial
Workers of the World, who it was
charged had fomented the strikes in
the copper mines. On July 81, 81 l.
w. w. leaders were deported from
Gallup, n. NJ On August 1, Frank Lit
tie, I. w. w. leader, who had been
prominent in the Arizona troubles, was
lynched at Butte, Mont, where he had
gone to take part in strike of miners
and where he was alleged to have
made speeches attacking the govern
ment.
A serious tie-up of all shipbuilding
plants in the country was threatened
in August and September. Machinists
and boilermakers in Eastern ship
yards went on strike August q and
$4,000 skilled mechanics and other
worI.men struck in San Francisco Sep
TENDER II. On September 20, Presi-
dent Wilson named commission,
headed by Secretary of Labor Wilson
and representing both employers and
to act as his personal rep
in ailaying labor troubles
during the war. The strike in the San
Francisco shipyards was ended Sep
TENDER &c through the efforts of the
government mediators.
Leaders of organized labor in the
United States took decided stand
the year in support of the
government preparations for war and
against antiwar propaganda. At the
annual meeting of the American Fed
grafton of Labor in Buffalo in Novem-
Der, union labor pledged its solid sup
port to the government in the prosecu-
ion of the war.
The railroads of the country faced |
mother crisis during the closing |
months of the year when demands |
we're made by the four brotherhoods |
or wage increases averaging 40 per |
,ent, affecting, directly and indirectly, |
approximately 100000 railroad en- !
,loyees.
Labor troubles of the year were |
loosely allied with economic develop |
nents, growing out of the increased
.ost Of living in the United States. In
rider to prevent further increases in
,rices government regulation of many
Industries was undertaken as a war
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15
salr,sH SHIP FOUNDERS.
Ten Lives Lest in Sinking Of Stsams
Miguel Dc Larrinass.

Ten Lives Lest in Sinking Of Steamer
Miguel Dc Lsrrinaos.
New York. Feb. l5.-Ten men OF the
officers and crew Of the British steam
ship Miguel de Larrinago. OF nearly
S,0o0 tons. perished In mid ocean on
Feb. .. when the vessel foundered. She
carried . cargo OF grain for France.
A British warship rescued twenty.
seven men who had taken to small
boats and some Of these survivors ar.
rived here by rail today from q New
ENGLAND port.
The Larrinaga's captain, 3. VIII
tann; his chief officer. r. s. Marne, and
his second officer and gunner and six
sailors sacfthced their lives because the
small boats were not large enough to
hold all on hoard They volunteered
to remain behind.
For forty hours Captain Williams
and his companions perched on the rail
and hre0 rockets. They were observed
BY the British warship which early had
hea1 their call but the warship was
unable 80 approach owing to the high
seas running ard whom dawn came on
Feb. Z. the cargo ship had vanished.
Tho vessel left Newport New. in
January for q French port.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15
Man Famous a. Dancer ana
Aviator In Fatal PAN
in Texas.
' 81 TEACHING CADET
ART OF FLYING
Castle Loses Control ef Machine yssia,
Attempting to DO Insssman Tsss i
Order to Avoid coIiisisn with An.
oths- Plane-Hsro q Many FHshss
ovsr German Lines in Fr.nes-
Noted Also as Feotiisht skar.

Fort Worth. Tex. Feb. 1s.-cast.
Vernon Castle, of the English royoa
flying corps, was killed This moening
while flying fifteen miles west Of ND
Worth.
Castle had made over $50 nishss
over the German lines and was tho,
hero Of many exploits in the war xoue.
His work had been especially on d.
Flanders front. He came to Foet
Worth last October with Lord we,i-
s,ey. S.
In trying to avoid a cadet Casti6s
sWerved his machine beyond his. con-
troll. fell and was unable to right hiu6-
self. The accident happened close -
the Benbrooke neid. The cadet WaS
uninjured
Tried to Do immsIman Turn.
Castles plane was near the srouI1 Z:
and he was in the front seat instraet
ing the cadet instead ,of In the yoas.
where>the instructor usually rides I3aA7
he been in the rear seat he would nsssss
have been injured. s s. lssss:: !
When he saw the approaching y,dne
he undertook what aviator1 kpolr Is
an 1mmelman turn The p,ane soileos
to respond and Castle felf He ne{e
regained eonsciousless but d5ed ii III
held hospitaistwsnty minutes efter
fan, s.
The ca6st 9itf him wns i. fntsslssi
His only ipi,J eye ,sss,is;ss:s
|. castle.s deAthsiwis
sion OF the bratn. HI ~ : ~ +
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15
FIFTY-TWO PERISH
IN MONTREAL FIRE

HsreiSm q Nuns prsvsnts Much
orsatsr Less q Life In Destruction
ef Grey Nunnsry-crippsed Men and
Worasn and Little Children Rescued.
Montreal. Que, Feb. 1s.-From the
ruins Of the Grey nunnery's nre swept
west wing the bodies Of fourteen more
children were recovered this forenoon.
raising to fifty-two the death toll of
the tragedy which visited the place
last night.
The heroism Of sisters averted fur
ther loss Of life. Nearly l.000 crippled
men and women, wounded soldiers and
children. some only . few weeks old.
were enabled to escape thru the ac-
tivity Of the nuns. The fire is attri-
buted to .dafective electric wiring.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15

eastern front by making a peace With
Ukraine. thereby arriving NJ a settle
ment Of the Russian and Roumanian
questions. Peace had to be made with
Ukraine even IL only to afford a way
to eastern Europeis richest granary.
To Get Surplus Grain.
The statement adds that peace was
obtainable only on condition that
Cholm should be ceded to the Ukraine.
the desire for which could be fulnlled
by the application of the principle OF
self-determination which is recognized
as applying to Russian territory.
Peace with Ukraine" the statement
adds. SIS the cornerstone OF the entire
peace structure. All Ukrainian surplus
grain is to be exported UP to July ~.
A commission has been formed to de-
termine the amount Of supplies and to
what extent we can give assistance in
this respect Assistancs will be given
both technically and military. It Is
not question OF a military alliance
but a common organisation for the
protection Of delivery ot grain
Berlin newspapers Of Thursday eve-
ming intimate that peace negotiations
= .S~s s~sOhAASesAh~ M1G SAASVul W pS
opened. They say. altho no official
communications have been issued It
may be assumed that tho Roumarian
negotiators have arrived at place
agreed upon.
German Comment on Speech.
Commenting on the speech by Pre-
mier LLOYD George in the house Of
commons this week German news
papers argue that Chancellor Won Hert-
ling's reference to British coal stations
was not all question Of German de.
mands.
Nobody In Germany. the vorwaerts
says, cav anything In the chanceilor's
remarks but an ironical Interpretation
OF President Wilson's principles which.
IT logically carried ont might prove
incopvenient to Americas allies. II
adds that evidently the speech making
on freedom u the sess. instead Of re-
moving misnrderataA Ad,nes. IS creating
new ones- Therefore Sc declares . di-
rect discussion is preferable.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15
FOOD INQUIRY BEGUN.
Senate Abrieuiturs Committee to
termins Nation's Supply.

Senate Abricuiturs Committee to De-
termins Nations Supply.
Washington. Feb. IT, Investigation
Of the nations food situation with par
ticular reference to wheat and meat
was begun today by the senate agri-
culture COMMITTEES.
A. Sykes, Of Ida Grove, Iowa, presi-
dent Of the Corn Belt Meat Producers'
Association. today told the committee
stock feeders were contending with a
host Of menacing war time difficulties,
chiefly inability to get cars to ship
stock to market.
Only patriotism, he declared, could
keep farmers in business under condi-
tions, so discouraging. Failure of feed
ers In Iowa, Nebraska and adjacent
states were resulting not only in a
great monetary loss. Sykes said. but
also great waste Of fecd for cattle while
awaiting rolling stock.
These men won't be burnt again." he
said. "They won't pour their earnings
into hole"
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15
Franklin As Poor Richard Sa,u Struggle of Today


When Franklin advised
o save
Get what and what
Ts the that will lea ntogo
loaned
that period the original
Uncle is saving
people and them
stamps
will become
n N ears stz,s
little is
colony
a Of great wealth.
sncton
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15
ARoA.n in UKRAINE PEACE.

lsany Net Only Hopes 70 Oh&,,;n
..ains But TO opsn Other rsrrito1.
amsterdam, Feb. 16.-Peace with the
Fatne was made not only so that
icentral powers might obtain fo<,d-
but also to effect q breach in
eastesn front. 1t 10 indicated III u
Aatch from Vienna. A statement
n . well-informed source given to
- newspapers says:
III Trotskys attitude. particularly
1,ruing the applicability of The
&ple ofSseH-detcrmination. mad. a
AActory conclusion impossible, it
Nne the task OF the powers work
oe peAee to make breach In the
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15

today
the front
for u.s..
"A
eighty a
in
and in the meantime they have hepedto
"A little well gotten will
Than lordships and
the colonies for the declaration OF Phad
and
call
itseo the
world
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-02-15
DEsERTER JUMPS TO FREEDOM.
Soldier Leaps From Moving Train
While Under Guard.

WINE O000r GUARD.
Perry. Feb. .15.-Dr H. A. Foltz re-
turned yesterday from Forest City, and
reports an exciting time for the pas
sengers and members Of the NJ. & ST.
L. crew in charge of the train.
Among the passengers were two
United States soldiers who were con-
ducting 4 couple OF prisoners from a
Minnesota town to an army camp. The
men were deaerters or draft evaders
and the troopers had been sent after
them. When the train was near Cor
with, and while 1t was running about
forty miles an hour, one of the pris-
oners was given permission to 90 70
the wash ROOM He was handcufYed
and the guard presumed the manacles
would prevent an attempt at escape.
but in spite OF this the prisoner raised
the window and Jumped from the train
AS soon as he was missed. the train
was stopped and for an hour or more
the passengers and crew aided in a
search Of the community. The second
soldier and his prisoner were left at
Luverne, and the search is being kept
I'D.