davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
pr. Ferguson . Major

T have just received the good new&' said Hill Ferguson, that my brother, commission as major, and is now in com mand of all the ambulance companies of the Eightieth division at Camp Lee. Petersburg. Va. Burr was formerly with the medical department of the Tennessee company, being located at Fairfield. He went into the medical reserve training camp at Fort ogletRorpe last June and after the course there was assigned to Camp Lee. In October he was made a captain"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
Goes to New Field

"On the first Sunday in February am to begin my work as pastor of the Baptist church at Durant, Miss,' said Rev. 0. P. Bentley of Bessemer.
 T regret to leave my own native state. but the field in Mississippi is an invt- ing one, and I feel sure that I am going to receive warm welcome
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
WHY HEADLINE WRITER LEFT

From the Rossville Preks. Aaron Fitzwater Is Called to Final Rest. Hundred and Fifty People Enjoy Event
 at Woodmnns Hall
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
FikiS Reviews Busincss

s. L. Fixes of Toomsuba, Miss, rep resenting Foley & Co. of Chicago, is in the city stopping at the Morris and will be here several weeks working the Bir- mingham territory. T find business and conditions very gratifying to say tha least, and the advertising carried with The Age-Herald is bringing my firm ex- cellent results in this territory
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
Too Much Slate

Too Much Slate
 Just because there is an acute short age of coal and people are demanding coal and are willing to pay for coal, is no reason why coal operators should fail to see that the miners pick out the slate and rock at the mnes,'' said w.. T. House, thus charging the retailer for a large per cent of rock at coal prices, and the retailer charging the consumer for the same thing and the consumer eventually paying much more for what coal he does get than he did before government control and heavy demand, is it?
 T have had to draw the fire in my stove two times in one day to get the rocks, slate and clinkers out of the grate so I could make the stove burn, furthermore I figure l am paying twice as much for my coal now as before. 1T am wondering If there are not others in other neighborhoods in the same predicament, also wonder if a little word from each to Dr. Garfield wouldn't have a tendency to show up the system of the coal operators who, it would seem to me, are making up the difference in what they used to make on what they make now by putting in slate"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
ALWAYS SOMETHING.

This fuel shortage presents many vex- atjous problems" remarked the man who worries about trifles. 50 1t does," replied the economic ex- pert, who was prepared for a learned discussion of ways and means.
 Take the paper napkin, for instance Just so. Take the paper napkin" i've never yet found a way to keep the blamed thing anchored in my lap unti! I get ready to use it.'
 CONSERVATIVE ATTITUDE.
 T understand you are keeping pig" Yes said MT. Glithersby. 'in mod est way"
 What do you mean?"
 "Well, he's confined to his pen all the time. I don't feel sufficiently patriotic to give him the run of the house."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
NEUTRALITY IS GREAT STUFF

From the Memphis Commercial-Appeal.
 German U-boats sank 3S7 Norwegian ships last year, but Norway spit on her hands and held on to her neutrality.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27

When our actions do not, Our fears do, make us traitors.
 --Macbeth.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27

DID SHE RETURN IT. From the Denver News. A diamond lavallere cheap, or will trade for good gun. York 4036-J
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
CONSERVATIVE ATTITUDE.
sHORT-LIvED.

Did you ever hear of an idle rumor that didn't work overtime?" "Only one."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
WEAK MoRTALs.

One of the ways to conquer self,
 The moral persons tell us, Is not to think of fame or pelf-
 Let no temptations fell us. And still pursue life's rugged way
 Apart from paths called sinful Among them quaffing every day
 Of ardent drinks skinful Our temper must be strictly kept,
 Our language must be guarded And not, howe'er we prove inept,
 By strange oaths interlarded. And while such conduct lessens woe,
 And no one has denied it, This world is full of those, we know, Who tumbled when they tried it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
hat was that about?"

And what was that about?"
 Someone who didn't know MT. Crab coin very we'll started report that he would give away slo,ooo to the deserving poor.'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
IN HOTEL LOBBIES
 AND ELSEWHERE
Federal Ownership of Railroads


 Whether permanent government own ership or control of railways be wise or eXpedient is the moot question of the day" said Miss Caroline Pool, refer ence assistant at the public library. In response to numerous requests the reference department of the public li- brary has compiled a short list of the more recent articles on the subject. In addition to the periodical literature, there are such books as Government Ownership of Railways compiled by E. M. Phelps, and containing in addition to many excellent articles a valuable bibliography; S. 0. Dunn's Government Ownership of Railways which Is a study of the question with the verdict against public ownership; Intercollegiate Debates, containing the speeches in the Ottawa Kansas debate, together with full bibliography.
 Recent magazine articles are: Gov ernment Ownership or Railway Reaction New Republic. June 7, 1917; Has Gov ernment Ownership Come to Stay?' Out look. January IS, 1918; Next Step in Railway Legislation, Unpopular Re- view, January, 1918; Will Government Ownership Pay% New Republic July 21, 1917; The Railway in Peace and War Yale Review, January, 1918.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27
WORTH PICKING UP.

T can remember the time when would throw lump of coal at g. cat meowing on my backyard fence," re- marked MT. Dubwaite.
 Coal was cheaper then"
 ITO be sure Now when I hear cat recital go out and stand around in the snow, hoping one of my neighbors who is better off than I am will lose his temper and throw away some valuable fuel"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27

POWER OF WOMAN'S TEARS. For pluck which had often been tried, Would sell his own soul And give up his 'roll' Whenever his little wife cried.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-27

Entered at the Birmingham, Ala, postoffice as second-class matter un- der act of Congress, March 8, 1879.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
F0CH N|BBL|NG At
THE GERMAN LINE
LULL IN FIGHTING IN WEE
PRELUDE TO HEAVY BLOWS
BY THE ALLIES.
American Troops Advancing Along
Moselle River, While British and
French Advance, and Serbians
Spring Surprise on 6uIgars.

With the Army In France.-Ameri.
can troops on the right wing of Cen
eral Pershing's army have reached
Wanderers, on the MOselle, a little
more than mile west Of the German
border and halfway between Pont-A-
Mousson and Pagny-Sur-Moselle.
While the Serbs and their French
allies are wrestling from the Bulgars
some of the strongest positions they
have held in Macedonia for two years,
Marshal Foch's forces are nibbling sue
cessfully at the German lines on the
western front in the face Of more de-
termined resistance.
The Near East furnishes the most
sensational news, however. The Of
fensive which has been launched there
seems not only the most successful,
but the most pretentiOus in many
months. 1t appears probable that a
further advance by the Franco-Ser-
bian troops will .necessitate the recall
of the Bulgarian divisions which have
been loaned to Emperor William to
bolster the Teuton resistance in
France and Flanders.
An official Serbian report declares
that the reconstructed army of the
battered, but not beaten, little king
dom has taken not only 5000 prisoners
but an important park Of cannon. The
Bulgars admit having retired, but de-
clare the attack has been checked to
the north of Gradeshitsa. There is
nothing to indicate, however, that the
advance Of the Serbs and French has
been definitely held up.
Luil Thought Prelude 70 Heavy Blows
The lull in the fighting in the west
is regarded by military critics as
merely the prelude to heavy blows al
the foe by the Americans, British and
French armies.
The British advanced their lines
slightly at. several points. They are
making steady progress in the invest
ment of st. Quentin, a difficult tasl
under most favorable conditions.
General Petain's veterans are forg
ing ahead slowly but surely in theil
grim and desperate struggle for the
st. Gobain forest which the Germans
have been ordered to hold at all costs
Not only is the position a natural cita
del, but the Teutons have fortified
1t in every way their ingenuity could
devise. Notwithstanding the difficult,
Of their task, however, the French
are moving on, taking prisoners al
they 60.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
FIVE GREAT ARMIES
| WILL CROSS OCEAN
rxpecrEp THAT 100000 ME-"
WILL BE CALLED TO CoIo"e
BEFORE NEXT JULY.
j. Greater Part Of This Army OF
n.ricans viii Be Sent to France
but Many Will Go to Italian
and Macedonian Front.

,,sh;,yton-Fiye fully equipped
erican field armies in Europe IS the
pnishing prospect disclosed 10 'he
Use military committee ON "euheS-
bv General March, chief OF the
ted States army staff.
he greater part of these armies
90 to France, but 1t Is poihteu
at the war department that II
stria, Turkey and Germany shou'u
arm,ne to die in the trenches some
the American field armies Will ne
nd IN the Italian-Austrian ana the
cedOnian front.
ecretary of War Baker, speaking
,e time ago about the desire to heip
y. stated that there would DE no
mY6 to the assistance as soon us tie
circumstances warranted the dispatch
of forces to her consistent with war
demands.
Specifically, General March stated
that there would be in existence by
July 1, 1919, an army Of four million
eight hundred thousand men, ana ne
has heretofore stated that field army
consists of approximately 1,OO0,OO men.
There are, he said, 3,2OO,OOO men I'M
der arms, of whom nearly one ana
three-quarters millions are In France.
General March's plan Is to have
called to the colOrs between now ana
next July 100000 men, which, added
to the 100000 now under arms, Will
make a grand total, with all allow
ances for casualties and reflections, OF
4,SOO,OOO. 1t is believed by Officers
that with the constantly increasing
monthly figures of laying down the
troops in Europe, the whole number
of the draft necessary to raise thu
100000 will be in Europe on va
riOus fronts by the middle of July. The
tremendous number of Americans II
be under arms in Europe will make
| 1t necessary to further classify the to
tai into "grOupS Of field armies,
which is the next and highest possible
classification.
simultaneously with General March
statements to the house committee, tn
war department issued a statemen
which calls for great expansion o
the air service. The magnificent pro
gram of General March Is evidentl
based on the proper equipment o
every arm Of the service, and an un
limited number of planes of all kind
Is necessary to complete the effective
ness of American troops in the fielt
1t was doubtless due to the needs @
the colossal army to cross the seas
July 1 Of next year that the air ser,
ice has made arrangements to fill IL
ranks with men from all classes of tn
draft.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
YANKEE A|RMEN
BOMB THE HUNS
Ct. MIHIEL VICTORY DUE IN
PART TO THE SKILL OF
AMERICAN AvlATORS.
owoop Down Into Woodland Roads,
Attacking Transport Trains, Fly
lng 40 Low a. Forty Feet From
Ground to Reach Quarry.

With the Army in France.-Magnifi-
cent work of the American aviators
under most difficult weather condi-
lions must not be forgotten in telling
the story of the st. Mihiel victory. To
them was entrusted every kind of mis-
sion which falls to flying mans lot
but the task in which they dis.
tinguished themselves most, perhaps
was harassing the enemy's withdrawal
from the deepest part Of the salient.
A careful study had been made OF
the roads by which the German trans
port must move, and these Observa
lions turn out to be strikingly accur.
ate, showing that the Germans had
thought out quite as carefully g the
Americans the exact spot which woult
remain open longest. This was thu
gap between vigneulles and Thiau
court, with st. Benoit as the center. i
thus happened that the American air
men found the transport trains exactl!
where they expected to find them, ant
their attempts to enforce delay wer'
most daring.
Owing to the weather conditions thu
Ceiling" to use the airman's technica
term, was little more than Thousand
feet high, and the dense rain occas
lonally made everything invisible I
few yards away, but not one Of tn
selected roads was left unattached
The aviatOrs swooped down into tn
woodland roads, flying only forty fee
from the ground to make sure of thei
targets. Lorry after lorry wa
wrecked and wagon teams torn t
pieces by skilfully dropped bombs o
machine gun fire.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
BAGS TEN THOUSAND
HUNS IN ONE DAY
FIELD MARSHAL HAiG TAkEa
TOLL OF PRISONERS AND GUNS
NORTH OF ST. QUENTIN.
French Troops Fighting Their Way
Foot by Foot Across the MalmaIson
piateau-Serbians Are Widen.
ina Front Of Offensive.

With the Army in France.-Eyery
day more territory Is being gained by
the advancing allies.
Thursday saw both the British and
French armies In Picardy materially
develop their plans for the eventual
enveloping of st. Quentin and Cam
brai. The British made further gains
around GauzeaucOurt and east Of
Epehy, while the French, striking
southeast of st. Quentin, brought the
southern part of their nipper into
better position for the squeeze against
the town, which daily seemingly Is
growing nearer.
More than 10000 prisoners and in
excess of sixty large guns fell into
the hands of the British during the big
operation begun by Field Marshal Haig
Wednesday northwest Of st. Quentin.
In addition, extremely heavy casual.
ties were inflicted on the Germans In
the frontal attacks.
With logged tenacity and unflagging
devotion, the French troops are fight
Ing their way foot by foot across the
Malmaison plateau, which is the. key
| to the Chemin-des-dames, LaOn and the
st. Gobain massif.
| No sooner has one position been
taken than there is another to be at.
tackled. and the troops are worked to
their last ounce Of effort. Some di.
visions have been engaged necessarily
from seventeen to eighteen days with
the Germans fighting to maintain their
ground. One position had to be taken
four times before the enemy aban.
dOned 1t.
The allied drive in Macedonia has
spread until the attacking front is now
twenty-five miles wide. according to-
word from the Macedonian theater.
Serbian cavalry is reported to have
reached Polsho. registering n total ad.
vance Of twenty miles since the Offens.
i've began. Other cavalry forces are,
driving on Prilep, the vital Bulgarian
rail center.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
HUu TLHUL ILLLLH
n TERMS FOR PEACE ALREADY
GIVEN OUT, DECLARES
SECRETARY LANSING.
Governments Position Restated IN
Plain Words When Suggestion OF
Austro. Hungarian Govern
ment Reaches Capital.

Washington.-The United States, as
was fully expected, has unconditional
ly rejected Germany's peace feeler IN
doing so, the government has spoken
for all the co-belligerents.
Almost Immediately after receiving
the Austrian governments note from
the minister from Sweden, Mr.. Ecken-
gren, Secretary Lansing issued this
formal statement:
II am authorized by the president
to state that the following will be the
reply Of this government to the
note proposing an
unofficial conference Of belligerents.
"The government Of the United
States feels that there is only one reply
which it can make to the suggestion OF
the imperial Austro- Hungarian govern
ment. 1t has repeatedly and with en-
tire candOr stated the terms upon
which the United States would con-
slider peace, and can and will enter
tain no proposal for conference upon
matter concerning which it has made
its position and purpose so plain"
Mr.. Lansing's statement was given
out within half an hour after he had
received the Austrian proposal. 1t
would have been forthcoming almost
Immediately upon the delivery of the
Austrian note, had it not been found
necessary, in order to avoid the posi-
bility of grave error, to make care
full comparison between the official
text and that which was received in
news dispatches from Amsterdam.
Thus, emphasis was added to the
declination, if any were needed, the
Quickness of the reply indicating the
existence Of no shadow Of doubt In
the minds of the administration as tt
what it should be.
There is some reason to believe thai
the secretary acted with this unprece
denied promptness in matter of suci
great import with the design not onl!
to indicate clearly the position of thu
United States government, but perhaps
to anticipate and prevent as far a
possible newspaper discussions of tn
Austrian proposition, which might con
vey to the enemy a misleading impress
sion that there was any considerabl
element in the United States willin
to consider negotiated peace, such a
the 'non-binding" discussions pro
posed by Austria might develop.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
HOLLAND IS TOLD
| TO RAISE EMBARGO
|AcQUlEscENCE IN THE HUN
THREATS KEEPS v. s. FOOD
FROM DUTCH NATION.
Given Notice That Appeals for Amsrl.
can Foodstuffs Will Be In Vain
u Dutch Shipping Remains
Idle In Port.

Washington. The acquiescence Of
the Netherlands government in Ger
man threats which kept 100000 tons
Of Dutch shipping idle in port, while
the people of Holland suffered for
want of the food these vessels might
bring, is commented upon In state
ment issued September 20 by the state
department. The statement Is issued
to clear up misapprehensi0n as to the
attitude Of the United States toward
exports to Holland.
The department expresses the hope
that the Netherlands government will
lift the embargo on the movement OF
its ships, which constitute the only
considerable unit Of the neutral tom
mage, and In effect gives notice that
appeals for American foOdstuffs will
be In vain until Holland follows the
example of the Scandinavian cOun-
tries, Switzerland and Spain and en-
tiers into equitable agreements with
the United States and the allies.
Reviewing the efforts Of the Ameri-
can government to lend its assistance.
the statement disclOses that after re-
eusing to approve tentative under
standing for the export Of food, pc
sroleum, metals and other supplies
reached In London last winter, the
Natherlnds, bowling to the German
threat to torpedo even ships sailing
between neutral countries, failed to
avail itself OF the offer Of the United
States and the allies to permit the ex-
port Of 100. 10 tons Of bread cereals
as an emergency measure. In spite
Of the free licensing OF bunker coal
for ships other than those originally
stipulated and which carried 5OO,OOO
tons Of cereals to Holland. an addi-
tional 10000 tons, largely by Argen'
tina, has been left untouched for more
than six months.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
Liberty Workers to Be Rewarded.

Washington. The two hundred
and forty communities which make
the best record in obtaining subscrip-
tons to the fourth Liberty loan will
have the privilege either Of naming
one of the ships being built for the
government or of naming tank tat
Is to participate in the western front
fighting. Announcement of the plan
was made Thursday by the Liberty
,Oan publicity bureau.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
Manoln's Army Gain. Ground.

With the Army in France.-Creep-
Ing on all fours over plateaux and up
ravines dotted with German quickflr-
ers, the French are seeking hidden ma
chine-gun nests and reducing them
with hand grenades. General Man
gins troops are making one Of the
most courageous and most admirable
lights of this war south Of st. GObain
forest, against what high French Of.
fcer described as "a natural citadel
that men have been perfecting for fou,
years"
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
AMERICANS soMsARD METZ.

Huns Are Now Getting Dose Of
Their Own Medicine.
Paris. - Bombardment Of Metz by
one or more American lOng-range
guns Is admitted In an Offlcial note
appearing in the Metz newspapers.
The note endeavors to calm the civil.
ian population. saying the bombarG'
ment had been expected and did no,
represent real menace, being mere
" a natural consequence Of the st
Mihiel battle. The Smelling, the note
adds, will end when the battle "comes
to a standstill."
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
Army Contract Fraud Charged

New YOrk.-Charged VIII eo .oo
racy to defraud the government ~,
employees and government ihsp 18th
at the factory of Rosenwasser D ~,
ers, Incorporated, Long lslahu .s,,nf
which has army contracts "' NJ
SS,9O7 900, were arrested Thursua.
agents of the department of Jisu'''
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
Allied Prisoners Starved.

Geneva. = Released from military
prison in Bulgaria, so British SOL
diers, including seven officers, have
arrived here in very weakened con-
dition. 1t was apparent their suffer-
ings had been more severe than
those Of allied prisoners in Germany
and Austria. One of the officers said
the country was beginning to starve,
owing to the exploitation Of foodstuffs
by Germany.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
aERslANs SMASHING suLoARs.
Allies Penetrate Enemy's Defense
Fourteen Miles.

London. - In Macedonia the Ser
bians have extended their front west
ward to the Cerna river and 1t now
Is IS miles wide. The total depth OF
the advance is 10 to II miles.
Five thousand prisoners and 81
guns have been captured. All the
Bulgarian trench systems on the Ser
bian front have been penetrated. Al
lied cavalry has taken up the pursuit
and one cavalry unit has crossed the
Cerna, 20 miles north Of the Sokol
position. Another force Of horsemen
has moved the same distance north
east.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
Serbian Prisoners Sold as Slaves.

Paris.-The Serbian government IS
In possession of documents proving
beyond possible question that thou
sands of Serbian prisoners have been
sold as slaves for specified period 10
Turkey by Bulgaria, Austri'-aungaf!
and Germany, according % a Balkan
Agency dispatch from Corfu.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
Baku Falls to Turkish Forces.

London. - Baku, in trans-Causatsa'
has been evacuated by the British WIN
have withdrawn their forces to nor'h
Persia. The evacuation was made net,
essary, it Is stated, because of the ia'A
Of steadiness on the part of the a.
menian troops when they were !"
tackled by the Turks during August
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
oERMAMs SHELL HOSPITAL.
Elnht Americana Killed When Huns
Attack Red Gross.

With the Army In France.-Eight
Americans were killed when clear
ing hospital was hit by a German shell
Wednesday night. The enemy threw
q large number Of high explosive pro-
jectiles In the region of the hospital so
that 1T could be observed by German
aviators. Officers say that the Ger
mans were deliberately firing on the
hospital. % there are no woods near
where troops might be concealed.
The majority of the Americans
killed in the hospital were privates
who had been gassed west Of Wand
leres. Several members Of the medi-
cal corps were among the injured.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-10-23
German Editors Bitter.

Copenhagen.-The German press ss..
orally regards the American answer
the Austrian peace note, taken In 'vu
junction with the speech of Fore,
Secretary Balfour. as final PROOF 'a rs.
the allies seek the destruction OF INV
central powers, their peoples anu Wy
ACKNOWLEDGMENT of their territory