davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15

Secretary Lansine's cablegram stat
ed that the American representatives
at Buenos Aires had been able to es-
tablish that NJ Caillaux, during his
visit to Argentina in 1916 had been
in communication with the Berlin
foreign Office through Count Won Lux
burg, then minister to Argentina with
the object of concluding peace with
Germany at any price SO as to permit
resumption of business.
1t is understood this evidence will
be published in America Immediately.
The investigation of the Italian con-
nectiOns of former Premier Caillaux,
who was arrested yesterday, is said
by the Matin. to have resulted in the
discovery of important military and
political papers in the safe Of bank
ing his visit to Italy in December,
1916. Among the political papers the
newspaper asserts, were number of
notes in which M. Caillaux in the ex-
pectation of gaining Offices as premier,
drafted a cabinet, designated gener-
alissimo and sketched various "exCep-
tional" measures. These measures in
cluded the arrest of certain politicians
and generals. among whom Premier
Clemenceau is said to have been one,
and the dismissal of a number Of
officials.
In addition to these, says the Matin,
there were documents of military
character which by their very nature
seem to constitute the strongest evil
dence against NJ Caillaux.
Lansing Is Silent.
Washington, Jan. 15.-Secretary
Lansing today refused to affirm or
! deny or comment upon the foregoing
dispatch from Paris. There seems to
be no doubt, however, that some such
dispatch is contained in the captured
Luxburg correspondence.
! Inasmuch as the Caillaux case is in
judicial state. the United States will
not publish any documents upon il
which have not been arranged for IN
advance with the French government
! This is the first hint that the Lux
burg correspondence contained any
thing pertaining to the Caillaux case
The disclosure aroused speculation as
to how many other international bomt
shells might be contained in the tele-
grams of Germany's minister to
Buenos Aires.
! In South America in 1914.
! NJ. Caillaux sailed for South Amer.
lea in November, 1914, going first tt
| Brazil and then to Argentina. Some.
thing of a mystery was made Of hi:
trip. The general explanation was
that he had been entrusted with ar
economic mission. Later he made &
visit to The Hague, which attracted
attention because of the presence
there at the same time of members o.
! the German reichstag. Shortly after
ward came his trip to Rome.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15

Baltimore, Md, Jan. 1.-two large
boxes filled with documents belonging
to Lieutenant Walter Spoermann, al
legged German spy arrested at Norfolk
and understood to be on his way to
Baltimore for hearing in the federal
court, were seized by the police in a
house in West Fayette street. The
papers were found in the room OF
Marius Asch, 81 years old. German
enemy alien. Asch was arrested ana
said that Spoermann approached MIN
the latter part of last month and ask
ed him to take care of two boxes for
him. He declared that he did not
know the nature of the contents.
Asch was the second person to be
arrested here in connection with the
case.
Frederick H. C. Spoermann,
brother of Walter Spoermann, was
taken into custody last night. He de-
MES having had any connection with
his brothers alleged activities.
Norfolk, Va, Jan. 15.-Governmen,
detectives arrested Lieutenant Spoer-
mann Of the German army as he was
trying to apply match to the maya
zine in the yard at Portsmouth, which
would have caused disastrous explo-
sion that might have wrecked. the city
and many war vessels.
Spoermann wore the uniform OF an
American naval officer. A letter was
found on him from Captain Boy-Ed
| former naval attache to the German
embassy in Washington, showing thai
he had received $4,000 for spy work
Spoermann came to America on the
German submarine U-53, which
! caused so much excitement when she
turned up suddenly at Newport II
1916, before the United States was al
war with~Germany. The object o.
| the submarines visit at the time wal
! not disclosed.
1t was supposed that she merely
brought messages for Ambassador vor
Bernstorff. Her commander, Captain
Hans Rose, and some of his officers
went ashore at Newport 1t was no
known that she landed any person!
to remain.
The capture Of Spoermann reveal:
now that she had put ashore at leas
one SOY.
The attempt OF Spoermann to blow
I'D the magazine is reported as par
of a widespread plot.
Eight confederates are known ant
will be rounded up. A wealthy citi
! zen of Baltimore is said to be con
| cerned,
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
ROCKFORD EDITOR
MTERNED FOR WAR

Montgomery, Ala, Jan. 15.-Gustave
Deppe, former editor of the Rockford,
ILL.,, Germania. who was arrested last
November for entering the military
zone at Camp Sheridan barred to
enemy alien will be sent to Fort Nor
gan, Ala, for internment. This was
announced by Federal District Attor-
ney Sanford after receiving a tele-
gram tonight from the department OF
justice.
peppe has been held here since his
arrest. The Germania suspended pub
LEGATION last July.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
SHORTAGE OF COAL.
LAID TO LOW NECKS
AND MEMS B. v. DIS

a Detroit, Mich, Jan. Thames W.
Inches, health officer. has declared
himself against modern styles. Men
who wear B. V. DIS in winter and
women who wear low necked dresses
outdoors are largely responsible for
the coal famine because they require
overheating Of homes and Offices. At a
mass meeting 1t was announced that
In 500 Investigations made recently so
per cent of the women and 80 per cent
Of the men were insuflciently clad.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
LATE BULLETINS

Chicago. Jan. 15.-AlI ChicagO's
factories and Industrial plants will
have TO close in five or six days
for lack OF coal, according to Ray
mOnd f. Durham, county fuel nd.
ministrafOr. The tieup, he said,
was inevitable.
Washington, Jan. 15.-Congres.
SIGNAL investigation Of "slanderous
charges" against the character Of
American troops abroad, alleged
to have been circulated by the
Antf.Saloon league, was proposed
in q resolution today BY Repre-
sentative Cary.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
TEXANS FATE IS
STILL A MYSTERY

new York, Jan. 15.-The fate of the
nmerlcan-Hawaiian steamship Texan,
reported in wireless messages yester-
uay as sinking somewhere off the
Sooasl, remained sea mystery today
ohcials OF the company this after
.oon mad received no further news of
me snip which is presumed to have
oeea The victim of a collision. They
"e'e confident. however, that the
rev OF 43 had been rescued by other
Voyage.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
INSURANCE ZONE STRETCHED.

\. washington, Jan l5.-Because Of
.1e extension of the submarine war
@ Secretary McAdoo today ordered
ooS~'ernment life insurance in force for
s.aeefs and crews of American mer-
eeathian trading between American
-; ana the Cape Verde islands and
s On the west coast OF Africa,
vi, h OF Sierra Leone. Sailing vessels
Wi not be insured.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
.SLAvS IMPR|S0N
RuMANIA ENJOYS

London. Jan. 15.-The Rumanian
minister at Petrograd and his entire
staff have been arrested by the Boil
sheviki. the Rumanian legation here
announces.
The arrests are supposed to have
been made in reprisal for the arrest of
number of Bolsheviki agitators in
Jassy, Rumania.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
STATE FEDERATION
RENAMES OFFICERS

.. encaso. Jan. i5.-All the officers Of
e Illinois State Federation of Labor
pe e,e Reelected with the exception Of
S ooeF' u. fitchie. vice president, who
succeeded by John T. McGrath OF
Spihgheld, 1t was announced today
,s sseor olander, was reelected to the
ee OF secretary and treasurer by
I'VE IMAM ten thousand majority.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
THREE DEAD AND
| 20 HURT IN WRECK

Kansas City, Jan. 15.-Three per-
sons were killed and about twenty in
jured when Union Pacific passenger
train No. 1872, bound from Beloit, Kan,
to Soloman, Kan, was wrecked about
one mile east of Beloit this morning.
The wreck is believed to have been
due to a broken rail.
The dead and injured were taken to
Beloit.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
MUCH COTTON USED,

Washington, Jan. 15.-Cotton con-
sumed during December amounted to
516.5S0 running bales and for the
eight months ending Dec. 81, 1884, 761
bales. the census bureau today an
nounced.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
BIG STRIKE AT OMAHA.

Omaha. Jan. ia strike which be-
gan in the sheep department threat
ems to tie up the Union stock yards
here. Seventy-fve chutehouse men
went out this morning and it was
announced that the strike would
spread to other departments before
night,
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
GAIN SCORED
BY ITALIANS
IN new DRIVE
Lines are Advanced and
Heavy Losses Inflicted
On Teuton Forces.

Rome, Jan. 15-By an attack in
the Monte AsOlOne region on the
northern front, the Italians have
gained considerable advantages
and inflicted very heavy losses on
the enemy, the war Office an
nOunceS.
A surprise attack on the lower
Piaye front east Of Capo Sile, en-.
abIed the Italians to extend their
bridgehead. Repeated enemy
counter attacks on the captured
trenches were repulsed.
Berlin, Jan. Is, (via London.)-
Italian attacks on the Teutonic lines
on Monte Asolone and Monte Pertica
sectors yesterday broke down with
heavy losses. army headquarters an
nounced today.
Paris, Jan. Is. - Violent ARTILLERY
fighting on the Verdun front is re-
ported in today's official cOmmunica
ton. 1t follows:
ION the right bank of the Meust
(Verdun 'front.', there were violent ar
tillery actions late in the night in thu
sector between HaumOnt and eau
rieres wood.
in Alsace French patrols brought
back prisoners. Elsewhere the nigh
was calm"
Raid Enemy Dugouts.
London, Jan. 15.-"Early yesterda!
morning a strong hostile raid north
east of Armentieres was repulsed," tn,
war Office reports. During last nigh
we raided the enemy's trenches nortl
of Lens bombing his dugouts and Sc
curing some prisoners and machine
guns.
otherwise there is nothing to re
port"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
Huge Plot Fooled
With Arrest of
German in East

Richmond, Va. Jan. 15.-Walter
SpOermann. arrested near MOrri-
son, Va. on the charge Of attempt
ing to set fire TO the army maya.
zine near there, and who was
brought to Richmond and held In
the city jail this morning, Is being
taken to Washington this after
noon in charge Of federal officers
presumably on the way to Balti-
more.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-01-15
HAS
HAND|NCASE
OF. CA|LLAUx
Arrest in Paris of Former
French Premier Due to
American "Tip."

Paris, Jan. 15.-The arrest yes
terday of former Premier Caillaux
was due principally to a cable
gram from Secretary Lansing at
Washington saying that in 1915 NJ.
Caillaux had been in cOmmunica-
ton with the Berlin foreign Of
flee.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
OLD SILVER WILL
AID STAMP DRIVE

New York, May H.---From the
opening of the War Savings Metal
Exchange in the Winfield building,
Fifth avenue and Fortieth street, by
Mrs. Charles S. Whitman this morn
ing, to the review of the East Side
parade at Second avenue and Tenth
street Memorial Day, and reaching on
to sthe Sunday oratorio at the Polo
Grounds with a chorus Of 10000 under
the direction of Lieut.. John Philip
Sousa, the drive for Savings Stamps
will continue in full swing this week
Despite the Red Cross drive, the
city took out last week 1915, 441 worth
of Savings Stamps. The figure is be-
low the usual weekly total, but brings
the grand receipts to s14,21O,22S for
this city.
Silver articles brought to the metal
exchange will be appraised and their
equivalent in stamps given the own
ers. The exchange viii be open daily
from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m. Appraisers
from leading jewelry stores will be on
dnty.
Lieut.. Sousa will continue rehear-
sails with great chorus tomorrow.
There are 1900 persons seeking places
in the chorus.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
'CORRICAN makes
HEROIC STOP OF
RUNAWAY HORSES

With his hands, arms and legs
badly bruised and lacerated, and with
his uniform torn almost to ribbons.
Traffic Officer Patrick j. Corrigan, at
Main and Congress streets, retained
a bulldog grip upon the brides of a
runaway pair Of horses and was
dragged by the maddened animals
more than 100 feet before he threw
one of them. and probably saved many
lives.
Apparently the team, owned by Jo-
seph Steigler Of Kossuth street, and
driven by William Rogers of the same
address, was allowed to stand in front
Of store in which the driver was de-
livering a message when it was fright
ened by a fire engine answering an
alarm. The pair of terrified animals
raced down the crowded street until
coming to Congress street where Po-
! iceman Corrigan leaped for the bfi-
dies.
| The brave policeman was thrown
beneath the tongue of the wagon and
was pounded by the hoofs of the panic
stricken horses, but still held on. Spec
tators along the sidewalk and in auto
mobiles watched with bated breath
while the policeman fought the run
Always, until he finally succeeded in
throwing one of them. He then
bounded on top of the scared horse
and succeeded in holding 1T down by
sitting upon it's neck until assistance
arrived.
After the horses had been quoted
down they were led to a side street
but officer Corrigan refused to leave
his post and was ordered home by
Sergeant Connery of the Traffic Squad
who came upon the scene and saw
how badly the heroic officer was used
up.
There were hundreds of people in
the path of the terrified horses and
many would have been injured, If not
killed., had it not been for the brave
act of the policeman. 1t is said thai
the performance of Officer Corrigan
will be brought to the notice OF the
police commissioners.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
.BARON'S LIBEL
SUIT STARTED
IN BERLIN CITY

Amsterdam, May 27-The libel suit
of Baron Walter Won Radeck against
Count Christian Gunther Won Bern
storff, son of the former German am
bassador to the United States, his
wife and others, was begun in a Berlin
court on Saturday. Won Radeck is a
son of a Prussian general and his for
mer wife is now the wife of Count
Won Bernstorff. She was Mrs Mar
guerite Vivian Burton Thomson OF
Burlington, N. J.
Sixteen persons prominent in Ger
man official and social life as the de-
PENDANTS were in court. Among the
number was Prince Albert of Schle-
swig Holstein, brother of the reigning
duke.
Counsel for Baron Won Radeck
charged that Won Bernstorff made love
to the baroness while Won Radeck was
in the trenches. This resulted in a
divorce. Count Won Bernstorff also
| was accused of circulating stories
that Won Radeck was a spy.
Early this year Baron Won Radecz
anu count VoH O0A AoIoIA udu d puySl-
cal encounter as a result of the
counts marriage to the baroness. Won
Radeck was forced to leave the army
and Won Bernstorff was punished by
a military court. The baron then
entered a libel suit against the count
and IA others, charging that they had
| caused his divorce and dismissal from
the army by their circulation of un-
| truthful reports.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
CITE PACKERS FOR
UNFIT MEAT SALES

Washington, May 27-Sale of spoil.
ed meat and other food products to
the army, with the knowledge that
the food was unfit for human con-
SUMPTION" is charged in complaints
issued Saturday by the Federal Trade
Commission against Morris & Co. and
Wilson e Co., two of the five great
packing corporations.
It is alleged that thousands of
pounds of unfit meat and chicken
were sold to Camp Travis, Texas.
Most of it was detected and condemn
ed, but it is said some of it may have
been passed and consumed.
Details of the information upon
which the action is based were with
held by the commission. The an
nouncement and correspondence given
out with it, however, show that the
alleged offences occurred last Deem
Der and are the same upon which in
dictments were obtained in Texas by
the Department of Justice after an
investigation by the Food Admins
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
STUDENTS TRIAL
is POSTPONED

New. Haven, May 27-To the dis
appointment of a throng of spectators
charges preferred against 10 Yale
students growing out of a demonstra-
ton in and about the city streets and
the university section last Monday
were postponed in the city court to-
day until June 3. The general
charge was that of breach of the
peace, but the city attorney has added
charges of failure to dispense at order
of the police and of obstructing side
walks. Attorneys for the defendants
on noting the amended complaint
asked and obtained delay. Other at
torneys are expected to appear in the
proceedings, as it is understood that
each student will ask for a separate
trial
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
PATRICK M'GRATH.

The funeral of Patrick McGrath
was held this morning from his late
home, ESQ Mountain Grove street,
and from st. Peters church. Rev.
Thomas j. Kelly, assisted by Rev.
Michael Lynch and Rev. John Sabo
celebrated solemn high mass of re-
QUEEN. Before the mass Mrs. W. B.
Prendergast sang Beautiful Land on
High" At the offertory of the mass,
Mrs. Prendergast rendered Ave
Maria" and after the mass Face to
Fac%" was sung by John Hughes. AS
the body was borne from the church
a quartet sang Nearer My God to
Thee" The pail bearers were George
Kingman, Orran Harrington, William
Walsh, Michael Moran and William
O'Leary. Burial was in St. Michaeps
cemetery. Rev. Thomas ]. Kelly Of
f1ciated at the services at the grave.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

tration.
The indictments were dropped be-
cause they were returned under Sec
ton of the food law, which carries
no penalty.
A further report from E. A. Peden,
Federal Food Administrator for
Texas, is expected this week. Officials
say they probably will find some PEN
atty to fit the cases, even even if only
on ground of food wastage.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
JULIA ]. CORCORAN.

Julia J., widow of the late Patrick
Corcoran, died this morning at her
home, 1856 Iranistan avenue. The
deceased was well known in Bridge
port and is survived by two daughters
Miss Julia T., a trained nurse, and
Mrs. W. H. Sullivan, and one son
Harry P. Corcoran. The funeral
will be held Wednesday morning from
her late home and from st. Angus
tines church. Interment will be in
st. Michael's cemetery.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
VICTORIA sIDLOVsKY.

Victoria, widow of the late Andrew
Sidlovsky, died yesterday at her home
in Highland avenue, Turks Hill, Fair
field, at the age of IS years. Funeral
services will be held Wednesday morn
ing from her late home, and from st.
Thomas church. Burial will be in st.
Thomas cemetery.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
THOMAS HENREY.

The funeral of Thomas Henrey,
who died Saturday at his home in
Fairfield, at the age of 46 years, will
be held tomorrow morning from his
late home and ST. Thomas church.
Interment will be in St. Thomas GEM
etery, Fairfield.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
JAMES EMERSON.

James Emerson, 65 years old, died
this morning at his home, Hillside
avenue. Funeral services will be
held Tuesday afternoon from the fu-
neral parlors of H. E. Bishop, in
Fairfield avenue. Rev. Thomas j.
Kelly will officiate and burial will be
in Mountain Grove cemetery.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
NIAUDE b. LYON.

Maude Burgess, widow of the late
Erastus Ryon, died Saturday at her
home in Trumbull. She was ~ years
old. Funeral services were held this
afternoon and interment was in Long
Hill cemetery.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
OBITUARY
! CHARLES W. MUELLER.

Funeral services for Charles W.
Mueller were held this afternoon at
the funeral parlors of George P. Pot
ter, 1888 Broad street. The services
were largely attended and burial was
in Lakeview cemetery.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
JOHN DE BARBIERI.

John, infant son of Angelo and
Theresa DeBarbieri, died this morning
at the home of his parents, 2012 Main
street. Funeral services will be held
Wednesday morning and burial will
be in St. MichaePs cemetery.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

Heinrich Knappke, German in
termed at Fort Mcpherson, Ga, was
shot and killed by a soldier guard
when he stepped over the dead line
and failed to halt.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

Forty thousand pieces of winter
clothing belonging to troops stationed
at Camp Beauregard, Alexandria, La,
were destroyed by fire believed to be
of incendiary origin.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

morning at her late home, and burial
will be in Mountain Grove cemetery.
Rev. George M Brown will officiate
at the funeral services.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
Enamel Bed Room Furniture

You'll find very interesting assortment of such fur
nture at our store variety Of the most popular styles
English, Colonial, William & Mary Adams Empire, etc
You may the kind and quality looking for here in
good taste of pleasing design and honestly built Such
furniture will be found here in largest variety.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

TOMATO, LETTUCE AND
CABBAGE PLANTS.
JOHN RECK g SON.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
ELLEN MORGAN.

Mary Ellen Morgan died today at
her home, 1888 Fairfield avenue. Flu
neral services Will be held Wednesday
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
GERMAN AIRSHIPS
OVER NOVOROSYSK

Moscow, Tuesday, May 21-(By the
Associated Press)-Apparently for
the purpose of terrifying the city
German airships. have appeared over
Novorosysk and German submarines
have entered the harbor. The trans
Caucasian government has refused to
cede the city to Turkey in accordance
with new demands by Turkey. in the
peace conference in Batoum, which
is now dead1ocked.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

The entire stern of an Austrian sub
marine captured by the Italian navy
will be exhibited at Madison Square
Garden by the italian government.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

Leslie Hester and Percival Tucker.
petty officers at the naval base at
Norfolk, Va, were killed in a train
crash. Several others were injured.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

Fourteen hundred delegates, repre-
senting 800 lodges, opened the 32nd
convention of the Independent Order
of Birth Abraham in New York.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

Times Want Ads. One Cent a Word
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

According to cablegram by c. B.
Richard & Co., bankers, of New York,
the banks in Petrograd are expected
to reopen within a few days.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27

A German submarine of the cruiser
type was sunk in the latitude of Cane
st. Vincent by British Atlantic es-
cort Submarine.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer. (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1918-1924, 1918-05-27
BRIEF NEWS NOTES

Four American army officers and &c
enlisted men are known by the War
Department to be prisoners in Ger
many.