davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

The excessive lntermingiing of the prob
lem of victorious ending of the war with
a grea. variety OF projects of world re-
construction renders our task as I have
said, most difficult. AS a coordinate branch
OF this government it is our duty, i believe,
to make clear the Senate's sense of the i'm
mediate necessity of clarifcation and sim
plifcation of any programme that enters
into the ending Of the war or the building
of the future and the Senate's sense Of
the instant necessity Of full counsel and
accord upon all such programmes between
the government of the United States and
the governments of our allies.
And there is necessity that underlies
these urgent needs. That is a clarifcation
for the Senate itself of the policies to
which it may later be called upon to con-
slider giving its sanction. In this matter
are guardians of the nations mandate,
and we cannot default
Some days ago there was made on this
floor the pSeposterous suggestion that the
Senate ratify in advance whatever might be
the will of the Chief Executive. A few
days ago the country was astounded and
shocked to find that Chief Executive call
ing for the election OF Democratic Sena-
tors and Representatives precisely in or
der that his individual authority should
be untrammelled by counsel. pass by the
unjust, not to say outrageous, implica-
tions OF that unique document of partisan
politics. That the two proposals should
associate themselves in ones mind is, I
regret to say, due to the proneness of some
Senators and representatives to make
themselves mere registrars of the will of
the Chief Executive instead of independent
deliberators upon the country's problems.
When there is talk of the abdication of
the Kaiser it is a peculiar moment to pro-
pose that the American people should sb-
dicate their right to have opinions or that
the Senate and the House should abdicate
their sworn and Independent duties.
l ask Senators whether it is the will of
the American people or the will of Wood
row Wilson that is to determine the policy
of the United States in the two matters Of
ending this war and of founding future
peace. | ask them whether they pronose
to subject the vital interests of the Amer
lean people to their own independent iudp-
ment or whether they are content, before
their conscience and their country, to be
the mere registrars of the will Of one man?
This is the issue before US.
The abdication Of their constitutional
duty of independent judgment by the Sem
ate or by the House. spells autocracy. No
more; no less. If Democratic members are
for such abdication, if they are reluctant
to Join their Republican colleagues in nom
partisan, independent scrutiny Of proposed
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

/. You have spoken of the consideration which you
think I SHOULD pay to my friends contradis-
that you mean by that those Who % agree or r0s dis
agree with me in my views of public policy. I
recognize no such thing political friendship
man Loyalty in favor of the Union. wiling to
vote men and money, spending his time and money
and throwing his influence into the recruitment of
our armies, think it ungenerous unjust and inn
poI.lc 70 make his views in abstract political
questions test Of his loyalty. I. will not be
party 70 this application of pocket inquisition
,:.. have no right to act the tyrant to mere
political opponents. If votes for supplies
coura2es desertions does all in his power to carry
tne war on to successful issue, have no right
70 Question him for his abstract political opinions
l must make dividing line somewhere between
those who TIE opponents of the government
ana those who only oppose peculiar features of my
Administration while they sustain the government
A1as, MI. President, what 8 difference
between that spirit and the partisanship
and secrecy Of the present Administration.
Of its partisanship Republicans are the Pc
culiar victims. Under its secrecy and its
aversion to taking counsel Democrats and
Republicans in Congress, in Office and, with
one conspicuous exception in private life
appear equally to suffer
But Executive methods 80 unique in
American history, so aloof in isolation from
the peoples representatives, so absolutely
prohibitory of anything like counsel can
never for one moment abrogate the consti-
tutional power and solemn duty of the Sem
ate to disentangle the mesh of words that
cling, some as healthy growth and some as
dangerous fungi, upon the sturdy tree of
Americas war aims, which are Americas
peace terms, and from which will germnate
Americas after-war policies. A solemn
duty is before the Senate
I will merely touch some Of the quite
open questions upon which the American
people have never passed, but which we are
warned may quite possibly be treated by
the Executive in contradstinction to the
Senatorial branch of our treaty making
power as adjuncts to our war aims to be
attained by altruistc negotiations. To be
sure, all the ideas in question are so ex-
pressed as TO make it difficult even to do SO
much, and it may be that therein lies saliva
tion here and in the practical good sense
of the American and Allied nations. For
example, are we, naval power with a
proud history, and whose greatest ally is
the greatest sea power, to be committed in
advance to sweeping changes in the we'll
established international law of the sea,
which we did SO much to fashion, while the
land is conveniently left as battlefield for
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

In the election for a Senator from
Wisconsin last March the President sent
a telegram to Joseph E. Davies, Demo
crat, IN support Of his candidacy; but
this Administration candidate was de-
feated by Senator Lenroot by more than
10000 votes.
In Michigan the President drafted"
Henry Ford as the common candidate
for both parties. He was accepted by
the Democrats but was rejected by the
Republicans in favor of Commodore Tru-
man H. Newberry. Mr.. Wilson wrote
letter in behalf of Senator j. H. Lewis's
candidacy to succeed himself in Illinois.
In the South the President interfered
IN five states to prevent the reelection of
Senators or Representatives of his own
party whose record on war measures had
not been satisfactory, or, as in the case
of Blease in South Carolina, to keep out
a candidate who had shown himself con-
spicuously unfit by his attitude toward
the war.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

|THE Senate has its eye fixed on
the approaching crisis, when the
j. future of the world will be fixed
s by the policies the Allied forces
initiate at the conclusion Of war. Amer
Z go has learned that it cannot separate
aseif from the rest of the world; there
) : an inescapable relation between its in
e'nal policies and those ideas and ideals
!. Z would set afloat upon the great seas
mat touch all the shores of the world.
N the following excerpt from the debate
. the Senate Of early last week, Senator
Ancx, Of Pennsylvania, formerly Secre-
AIRY Of State, outlines some Of the condi-
IONS that attend the present situation.
ali. KNOX: Mr.. President, as the Senate
likely soon to be brought to one Of its
h0ss important functions In one Of the most
important periods Of the worlds history,
'ees that we ought without delay to Ak our
attention most earnestly upon the intricate
problems that we already face and so to
aasae'patc and prepare for the wise dis
eaafge Of that function. The gravity Of
WI responsibility could not be exceeded.
sae measure Of the wisdom with which we
sasil discharge 1t is the studious and inde-
psndent forethought we now bring to tho
'''maiation OF our views upon questions
ssas are already too clear to be postponed
Z neglected. 1t is we'll, therefore, to ex-
name into the responsibility of the Senate
sne present critical situation and to re
Astx Upon some Of the most salient and
s'Sent phases Of that situation.
When there is q question Of Americas
sns to war, the Congress alone can de-
sAte var. The act of declaring war in
sades necessarily the determination Of the
10se Of war. The determination Of the
.ass Of war includes necessarily the de-
s1nination Of tho aim of the war, which
me removal Of the cause. Therefore, it
through tho Congress alone that the
s5'can people give their mandate to con-
ssss war and their mandate az to what is
'as aim Of the war.
~ n'ie this country is at war, the Presi-
as - commander In chief Of the army
- navy, is charged with the conduct Of
ss''stes. In addition to the powers incl
4'si to that function the Congress has
upon him many other powers.
~, It ID the nation, not the Pres
or the "Administration" that 10 at
ts,-.' 10 tho whole government Of the
a states. and each and all Of It's parts,
81 ne President or the Administration"
= ]s' That carries on the great business
M
..... there is question Of Americas
q make war, war can Only be ended
Irsaties can be made only BY
~ the advice and consent Of the
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

the national affairs in all kinds Of ways;
and to do these various things he needs
and wants the support Of docile, subservi-
ent majority. That is the explanation Of
the milk in the cocoanut"
"The Los Angeles Times" declares:
politics seems to be adjourned by all
save Mr.. Wilson"
"The Hartford Courant" also points out
that the next Congress will have nothing
to do with the war, and therefore
"The President has made his monstrous
appeal on series Of false assumptions"
"The Cincinnati CommercialAppeal"
says eve regret our President" and
adds:
"In very grave measure President Will
son by laying aside the mantle Of states
manship, spotless in its purity Of exalted
idealism, and assuming for the time the
cloak Of partisan politics, never immacu-
late, has done the country Of which he is
Chief Executive, the American people
whose chosen administrator Of national af-
fairs he is, no small degree Of hurt"
"The Milwaukee Sentinel regards the
Presidents letter as
"Politically strangely illJadvised, in fact,
poor politics, and not at all unlikely to de-
feat its own purpose, the election Of a
Democratic majority
but the paper deprecates the language
of Chairman Will Hays in answer to it.
The New York Tribune does not agree
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

ces.s their action as condemnation Of my
Administration, and it is only fair that
they should know this before they act"
In Georgia, too, the President secured
the defeat Of Senator Hardwick, another
war delinquent, by indorsing the candi-
dacy of w. J. Harris, who was elected by
large majority.
In other Southern states the President
took hand in primary contests for Con-
gress seats In Alabama he opposed the
reelection of George Huddleston in the
Birmingham district, because of his op-
position to war measures. The cry of
Presidential interference" was in this
case used freely and successfully, and
Huddleston was reelected.
Finally, the President scored an easy
victory by declaring himself against the
return of Representative Slayton, of
Texas, on the same grounds as in the
other Southern cases. Slayton found dis
cretion to be the better part of valor and
withdrew from the race.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

Senate. Advice and consent to a treaty
ending war necessarily includes deter
mination Of the question whether the aim of
the war has been achieved in accordance
with the mandate of the American people
whether the treaty falls short of that man.
date and also whether it goes beyond in
manner to violate that mandate. There
fore it is through the Senate of the United
States, quite as much as through the Presi-
dent. that the people of the United States
are to say when, whether and how their
mandate to conduct war has been executed
by the attainment Of their war aim
To begin war has always been a COM
paratively quick transaction; to end war
has always been much more long-drawn-
out transition. This is because nation
generally enters war with a clear-cut, sim
pie aim; but the course Of events, the fer
mentation Of political theories in the caul-
dron Of war and the ambitions and pet
THEORIES Of statesmen, cause to cluster
around the prime war aim multitude Of
corollaries and subsidiary objects, many OF
which may not be essential at all to the
prime war aim for which the people have
given their mandate. These are vastly null
tiplied when the number Of nations at war
is great.
Now, the ending Of particular war and
the firm founding Of the future general
peace to follow it may well be regarded as
two separate functions, at least in theory.
And in practice the two tasks should at
least be kept separate in our conceptions.
To the task Of ending the war belongs all
things essential to our prime war aim.
To the task Of firmly founding future
general peace belongs the careful examina-
tion Of each end everything that has been
proposed as a corollsry to our prime war
aim or as . subsidiary war aim. This task
Is an especially heavy one, because, be it
remembered, upon none Of these corollaries,
upon none Of these proposed subsidiary war
aims, has the American people given its
mandate; and It will be through the Senate
that such mandate must come
The separation of the two tasks of ascer-
tanning when the prime war aim Of this ma
tion has been achieved and, secondly, of
accepting or rejecting one by one the null
tifarious eorollaries and subsidiary war
aims that have been proposcd-and many
Of them arc adventitious and Questionable
is heightened by the facts, frat, that it has
been sought to make this mass of clustering
ideas part Of the res gestss by linking
them with tentative discussions with the
enemy: and, secondly, because the array os
ideas referred to has not been tested by an
attempt to implant them in the form Of
concise, practicable stipulations.
But upon all these things, as trustees of
large share Of tho peoples authority to
make treaties, the Senate has the appalling
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

ALAS that Democracy's idol should have
feet Of clay, Of common partisan muck!"
"The Nebraska State Journal" SAYS it
is Colossal blunder," but is willing to
believe that the President is not pri-
marily to blame; it lays the responsibility
upon his advisers in the Cabinet. "The
Chicago Evening Post" sees unfortunate
partisanship," and "The St. Louis Post
Dispatch" read the appeal "with pro-
found regret
"The Salt Lake Herald" thinks that
the President "has not improved his posi-
ton as a statesman by his appeals for
votes for the Democratic party" "The
Spokane Spokesnan-Review' comments:
1T is ungenerous, to say the least-a
poor return for the unstinted support he
has had from the minority party since our
country went to war"
"Disingenuous," says "The Philadel-
phia Inquirer; and after pointing out
that the next Congress will not legis]ate
upon the war at all, the paper goes on:
"Mr. Wilson was thinking of the various
momentous economic problems which will
press for solution year from now.
He wants to perpetuate the innovations
which, under war pressure, have been made
in the direction Of Socialism and govern
ment ownership; he wants to continue the
near free trade which his party has foisted
upon the country; he wants to apply his
own academic theories to the direction of
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

to Mr.. Wilson's contention that a Demo-
cratic Congress is necessary in view of
possible conclusions that may be drawn
in Europe. 1t writes:
president Wilson pays poor compli-
ment to the intelligence Of the Allied pub
lies IN Europe when he says that they
would misinterpret the meaning of the
election of q Republican Congress. The
Allied peoples have gone through the ex-
perience Of silencing domestic political
rivalries and adjusting them to the neces-
stiles Of war They will rightly base their
judgment Of our situation on those expert
ences."
"The Springfield Republican" thinks
that Colonel Roosevelt's attacks for
months past
"completely justified the Presidents direct
appeal to the country
And it adds:
"The whole process of war settlements
is put in jeopardy by reason Of the opposi-
ton party's offensive against the Wilson
peace programme. For while the President,
under the Conetitution, must take the in
itiative in any diplomatic proceeding what
ever, and must direct the negotiations. so
far this country is concerned, in the
peace Congress, his influence in that Con-
gross will be gravely impaired, if not null
lifted, in case a controlling Congressional
leadership is set up in antagonism to his
own"
Ex-President Eliot Of Harvard also
wrote letter to "The New York Times"
In which he argues that the attacks of
ex-President Roosevelt and Taft
"go to show that President Wilson is right
In his judgment concerning the probable
effects Of giving. the control Of Congress
to the Republican party"
"The Columbus Evening Dispatch"
thinks that the foreign influence argu-
ment
sis not an absurd proposition. 1t is lit
orally true. Germany will have right to
believe that President Wilson does not
represent a majority of the people of the
United States it," etc
"The New York World" was by no
means wholly satisfied with the appeal
and plainly indicated its wish that
Kitchin, Dent and a few others might
be defeated by Republicans. Its evening
edition said this:
"Disapproving as We do of the Presidents
personal appeal for Democratic victory
in next months Congressional elections,
we are bound to observe that the response
which that appeal has called forth from
those against whom it was directed has
proved a powerful argument in it's favor"
Many editorials contrast the Presi-
dents appeal with his famous decla-
ration of last spring, "Politics is ad-
journed." In view of that fact the
previous cases in which he has inter
fered in elections may be described here.
The first case occurred in December.
1917, when he wrote in favor of Senator
Knute Nelson, of Minnesota:
''1f Nelson were sure that he had but one
more year to live he owes that year to his
country. With his ability and his knowledge
of international affairs, his services are
invaluable to the nation at this time"
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03

Of Of
part IN
Sente
he o. RpbA i N1prmg March a,1se
of Senators F. Budyo OF Robert FBruuur
NnF Francis N O. Nh Jb OF NeDH Hamphpe
and R ,o hCaohma(D Democrats Re
FMI of Maine Rephcu hctd cmbrh
Hueof Represent
Necessary puom
PSraawe Independent Soaas 1 Prob bnoaa ucanaw5
New-York tribune., 1918-11-03
Forecast of the Vote Unconditional Surrender

The map below prediction on information gathered o
td tweho that There
will be Republican
gatM he eSnat.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02
Booty Shows Germans Planned
To Cross Marne In Force and
Begin Their Advance On Paris
(By Associated Presg.)

London, Aug. 1.-The booty cap
tured by the French in following up
the German retreat from the Marine
included a large amount Of bridge
material which the Germans had
collected.
It is pointed out that it was the
intention Of the Germans to effect
the passage Of the river in great
strength and drive in the direction
Of Parts, is thus indicated.
For the first time since the open
ing Of this years campaign, March
Fl, the fresh reserves at the disposal
Of the allies considerably outnumber
the fresh reserves at the disposal of
the enemy, Notwithstanding the
fact that the enemy still holds sub
stantial numerical superiority on the
whole Of the front, according to the
view in military circles here.
There are indications that the sit
uation has changed in the last three
weeks in northern Russia and that
the Germans shortly will begin an
offensive against the southern part
Of the Thurman railway. The Fin
nish population now is intensely
hostile to the Germans. There is g.
great shortage Of food and the peo-
pie are entirely dependent on the
entente for sustenance. Both the
government and the army, however,
are completely under German con-
troll, and there is every reason to
suppose they will cooperate with
the Germans.
The Germans have induced the
Bolshevik government to agree to
the cession Of the whole Of the Muir
man coast to Finland, notwithstand-
ing the desire Of the inhabitants to
remain Russian. The Finnish army
capable Of undertaking an offensive
probably does not exceed 10000 men,
In the Ukraine the peasant rising
has assumed large proportions and
apparently seriously menaces the
German and Austrian communica-
! tions!' The peasants are destroying
the railroads and have blown up the
bridge southeast Of Kiev. The Aus
TRAN troops in the district have been
unable to check them.
In the Caucasus there is great
friction between the Germans and
Turks. The Germans are trying to
prevent the Turks from occupying
Baku, on which a Turkish attack
| appears to be imminent.
There is evidence of/growing dis
| couragement in Bulgaria which is
said to be due chiefly to the exploit
atoms Of the Bulgarians by the Ger
mans.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02
Only Farmers Whose Credit
Is Exhausted viii Get Loans
From New $5,OOO,OOO Fund

districts. Federal land banks will
make and collect the loans after the
department Of agriculture agents
have investigated and approved the
applications. Applicants must agree
to use seeds and methods approved
by the department OF agriculture.
The money. will not be advanced I'M
til the seeding Is completed. but, a.
certificate will be given as, the ba-
sis for temporary credit. Each bor-
rover will be required to agree that
II his wheat yield Is seven bushels
or more per acre he will pay rs per
cent Of his loan in a guaranty fund
to cover possible losses to the gov
eminent. Applicants for loans, or
banks wishing to assist, are to an
ply to the federal land bank Of their
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02
WITH STANDARD OIL.

Mr.. Thomas, Of the Standard Oil
Co., asked Dakota Business College
for q first class stenographer-a
pupil was sent to the situation. We
are proud that the best firms in all
lines employ D. B. C.. people
evidence of superior teaching-pub-
licity.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02
CARD OF THANKS

We hereby wish to express our
gratitude to all those who offered
kind words Of sympathy and beauti-
full floral offerings at the death of
our beloved sister, Cora Dorothy.
Especially do we wish to thank
the doctors of Fargo and Moorhead,
nurses at st. Luke's Hospital, and
the Inter State Business college, who
greatly lightened our burden in our
sad bereavement.
AGNES, CLARA, LAURA, ALICE
AND LEONARD STENSLAND.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02
SUGGESTS A NEW ONE,
New Yorker Advises That Bismarck
Be CHANGED to mMark."

Bismarck, N. D., Aug. 2.-That
Bismarck drop the first syllable of
its name and Anglicize the second to
stand as a monument to the i'm
mortal Mark Twain is the newest
contribution Of the east to the litera-
ture which has to do with suggested
changes in the name Of North Da-
kota's capital city. Writing from 100
Broadway New York, Samuel w.
Balch, mechanical engineer and
proposal
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02
fRv Associated Press. !

Washington, Aug. 2.-Regulations
under which drought-stricken far
mers Of the northwest and south
west may obtain loans for seed from
the Sc, 900, 900 fund set aside for that
purpose by President Wilson were
announced today by the treasury
and agriculture departments, which
will administer the fund Jointly.
Only farmers whose credit and re-
sources already are exhausted and
who consequently cannot get ad-
vances privately from banks. may
participate.
Loans will be limited to SO per
acre, with a maximum Of $500 and
will be payable at six per cent, Oc-
tober /, 1919, in southern districts,
and November !. 1919, in northern
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02
KILLED IN ACTION.

Bismarck, N. D., Aug. Mrs. G.
M. Guyer Of Mandan. while in Bis
marck yesterday, received word OF
the death Of her nephew, Clayton
Sommerville Of Chippewa Falls, Wis.
who was killed in action during a
recent engagement. Private Som
merville left his training camp in
Oklahoma only two months ago.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-08-02

Valley City, N. D., Aug. 2.-Fun-
eral services were held today over
the remains Of Ernest o. Myhre, aged
rs, a former employee of the North
ern Pacific freight office here. who
died in camp at San Francisco. Cal.