davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
Aiming Merchant
Ships to Fight

~ March - it was announced that
~ American merchantmen would be
armed for protection against submarine
attacks. Hundreds of guns Of Ire
proper calibres were required. anG
these had to be taken from the feet.
to be replaced as soon as possible
Our naval gun crews we're serving Oh
merchant ships in the war zone be
fore war was declared; and the first
enlisted man lost III service was John
Espolucci. of Washington, d. c., who
vas killed when the Aztec was sunk
on April l.
The first officer lost. Lieut. Clarence
c. Thomas. of California, persisted after
the sinking of the Vacuum on April
%. Every American merchantmen
which applied has been armed, and the
gallantry and efficiency of these armed
guards in their numerous encounters
with attacking submarines have upheld
the best traditions of the Navy.
When the existence of a state OF
war was declared, April 6, the feet
was ready and was modified without
IAN hours delay. Warships that had
been in reserve were fully manned
and commissioned. and every available
vessel was put into service. Large
stores Of munitions and supplies and
parts for replacement of machinery
and repairs had been accumulated. Re-
pair ships were equipped and ready
10 sail. A fotiila of destroyers was
quickly organized and equipped for
foreign service, sailing in April, the
first contingent arriving at a British
port May 4. Since that time our de-
stroyers and various other vessels have
been active in the warfare against
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

and 1920 men, 3 small flying fields,
less than 800 second rate planes, prac-
tically no aviation industry, and only
the most scanty knowledge of the
Kaleidoscope development abroad. The
first two months of war were required
and work out the programme finally
adopted. The problem was twofold-
first, personnel; and, second, equip
ment.
To-day the personnel is over 100
times that of year ago, practically
every member a skilled man who has
gone through an intensive course of
training. Schools Of eleven different
kinds have been instituted, courses
Of instruction laid out, and instructors
secured, including foreign experts in
score of lines, rs follows: For f1iers
at ground schools and flying fields; for
mechanics at the flying fields and at
over a dozen different factories; for
photographers, balloonists, adjutants,
supply officers, engineer officers, ar
r,crers. and instructors Of mechanics.
American aviators are now flying in
tho aggregate over 100000 miles daily,
or four times around the world. Only
recently at one field 1856 planes were in
the air, a grand total Of ss2 hours in
one day.
A great amount Of construction has
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

vision Of the Quartermaster Generals
Department built sixteen environments,
each one practically a small city, COM
prsing about 1,4OO separate buildings
and providing quarters for $4,000 men.
In the construction of these sixteen
environments over $4,000 individual
buildings Of many types were erected
for the housing Of the National Army
while in training. The construction
cost approximately $136,0OO,OOO. The
contractors profits on the several con-
tracts averaged only 2.98 per cent.
The largest environments are Camp
Lewis and Camp Funston, the first
near Tacoma and the second at Fort
Riley, Kan. The total number of men
in the cantonments is about $4,000.
The $4,000 buildings are lighted by
100000 electric lamps.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
TRAINING CAMP ACTIVITIES

g ECRETARY BAKER in April, 1917,
~ appointed commission on training
camp activities. A short time later
Secretary Daniels appointed a similar
commission. Both were placed under
the Craftsmanship of RAYMOND B. Eos
dick. To supply the normalities of life
to nearly 100000 young men in the
army training camps and naval train
ing stations and to keep the environs
of those camps clean and wholesome
was the twofod task.
Mass athletics have been developed
in the camps for their recreational
value and their bearing on lettering
the fighting efficiency of the men.
There is not a red-light district ex-
listing to-day within an effective radius
Of any war camp, according to Chair
man Fosdick.
The development OF singing in the
army and navy has been given special
attention.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

through the winter the death rate
varied from 2 to Il per thousand per
year from disease, averaging just over
8 per thousand per year-higher than
the rate in civil life. The rate in civil
ilfe by months is not available, SO &C.
curate comparison is impossible. 1t i.
considered assured from the figures to
date and the army's experience here.
tofore that next September will show
figures for, a year better than those in
civil life for men of military age.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

gained and sent into the woods to
get the lumber out, and the first cut
up mill built on the Pacific Coast; the
supply of dope" for coating the sur
face of the planes has been increased
by the building of four factories a,
government expense; the supply Of
linen having failed, cotton substitute
has been developed; and castor oil for
engine fabrication has been provided
by the planting of 10000 acres OF
beans. These are but instances of in
dustrial undertakings of this nature.
1t is important, however, to see this
programme in its time perspective
Discussion Of "a hundred thousand
planes in France" has created an ex-
aggerated impression. After three years
OF war neither side on the Western
front has been able on given day to
place more than $500 planes in the air.
Other Work of
Signal Corps
The Signal Corps, in addition to the
aviation programme, has been charged
with the whole system of the communi
cations of the army, telephone, tele-
graph, and visual, both in this coun-
try and in France, and has increased
IN personnel nearly thirtyfold. 1t has
had to equip the environments, camps,
and Coast Artillery with telephones
and telegraphs, and has built 1900
miles OF permanent wire in France, and
Is renovating and maintaining $500
miles OF wire behind the French and
British fronts. The poles alone of all
this equipment were obtained in
France
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

~ N MARCH II, 1917, the navy be-
gan to arm merchantmen in re-
~ Spouse to the Presidents order
that the United States would meet Ger
many's notice of unrestricted subma-
rlne warfare by placing armed guards
on American merchant vessels sailing
through the areas barred by Germany
On May 4, twenty-eight days after
the declaration of war, American de-
stroyers arrived at a British port to
assist in patrolling European waters,
and on the following day Admiral Sims
attended an Allied war conference at
Paris. The first Of the regular armed
forces of the United States to land in
France were units of the naval aero
nautic corps, June 8. The first con-
tingent of the evolutionary forces,
transported and conveyed by the navy,
had been landed safely at French
port by July ,.
The personnel strength of the navy
to-day is more than three times as
great as OH April 6, 1917. This expan-
sion is shown in the following table:
Cf1.cn1tL of t6o Noo.,, 1fo.,L 20
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
A Years Mobilization of Industry

ordnance programme includes 100000 hand
srenades 7z5ooo automatic pistols revoers
projeees for heavy artillery pounds explosives
100000 machine guns, rifles
Machine produced 225ooo year. 3s inch
the of $4,000 year.
When declared building or author.
lied, contracts placed since for vessels.
More than 700 purchased or chartered bv
the navy.
Six DESIGNED h. 5oo +on.
largest battleship. in the world. ~ ~ - ''' ''
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
requirements in
Amy Clothing

ihs requirements of the army in
Aening and wearing apparel may be
saasea By the activities Of the supply
va equipment division, which pur-
VASES cotton. wooilcn and knit goods !;
ssses, leather and rubber, manufac-
.'ea articles Of clothing, misccllanc-
- materials, vehicles and equipment.
s'fty million yards OF bobbinct for
'selito hars is one Of the items that
sset the requirements of the army.
sa&s authorizations are olive drab
's.''','oo yards; shelter-tent duck, 49,
s"''So yards; 10000 900 woollcn blank
- S9'oco,ooo yards flannel shirting;
''sSo|oso yards Uniform cloth; 22,0oO,-
ss'ds oyercoating; 1900, 900 pairs
cotton drawers; 1900, 900 pairs OF
''''sn drawers; 1900 900 cotton un-
.1s'rtz; 10000 winter under
.S'11; 10000 pairs Of heavy gtocs-
80 100000 paira light stock
~ 100000 pairs Of marching
10y II 100000 pairs Of field shoes;
a s.'f'vo pairs Of wool brecchcs; IL
~ ~ WOOL coats; $4,000 oycrcoats;
i. '''' barracA bags, and 5000 ,00C
'as3s, and an expenditure of $50,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

u@HE Air Service has been called
upon in the past twelve months
to build an enormous structure
Of the most highly trained personnel
and the most intricate equipment with
practically no foundation to start from.
Three large appropriations, including
the 100000 act passed without
rollcall, made a total of 1851, 100000
available for the first year. All Of this
has since been obligated. In all the
years up TO the outbreak of war less
than sl,5oo,00o had been appropriated
for this service.
Last April the Air Service had an
almost negligible force Of IS officers
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
WAR CREDITS BOARD

THE War Credits Board. which acts
on financial advances to aid CON
tractors for supplies for the army, has
personnel of eleven officers and TWEEN
ty two civilians.
Total advances approved by the
board from November 20. 1917. to
March -, 1918, are s149.s92 ,423 2233
Amounts advanced to contractors for
supplies can not exceed 80 per cent of
the contract price. Interest is charged
at rates fixed from month to month.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

Our 35oooon cruisers thirty the fastest in
world. 49, - 80
nerc hantto
During the nearly the Nav, Con-
sultng Board concerning combating Uboats
10 February TO- Director General Military orders
for supplies valued aggregate e;ob f
$4,000 long Depot to February issued
$500 orders for material valued $2o20ooooo.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
Engineering Bureau

THE task presented By the first year
L of war to the Bureau of Steam En-.
gineering involved not only keeping
ships in motion, but providing nearly
all Of the accessories connected with
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

the naval establishment is more than
$4,000.
The estimated total expenditures Of
the naval establishment Gur;re tho
first year Of war are given as follows:
Disbursements, S994 600 900: outstand
ing obligations, 1887 600 600; estimated
total, 81 1881 100000.
Total estimated pay of the officers
and men of the navy during the first
year Of war was 1925, 100000. Monthly
pay is now on the estimated basis Of
s17,2oo,o0o. In April, 1917. navy paw
was approximately 100000 per
month.
Congress has made the following
naval appropriations for the fiscal
years 1918:
Ac. . Of Of Auaust 49, a9ls......... ssl2sas oeo 25
Ass o. o. mareh a. ~ 5ie.as s92 %
Act Of October 8. tsi7............ 5ei43s. o23 So
Appropriations pending:
Urgent deficiency bill ........... 66 32I 672 90
Naval appropriation bi!l......-.. ,327 600 600 90
In the pending urgent deficiency ap.
preparation bill. authority Is
tanned to Incur obligation: to the
extent ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 3A.2e4. 900 90
Total appropriations. real and
pending ..-..-.. ..-...... s3s sos 5si 20
The total expenditures Of the NAVY
from the date of its establishment in
1894 to 1916, inclusive, were s3.3s7.l6o.
SILT, only about s34 100000 in excess
OF the appropriations, real and pending.
since August 20, 1915.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
,imless cartridge has been another val.
usSie achievement.
Feeding theArmy;
Clothes and Shoes

TEE achievement Of the Quarter
l master Corps cannot be measured
sd.qustely By the expansion Of the
amy. In many instances the service
las required that the Quartermaste
Corps anticipate and prepare to meet
future requirements of other branches
II the army, while in every instance
the activities of the corps must keep
sbreast with the actual growth aud i'm
mediate demands of the field forces.
In the interval between March 4 and
June Is it devolved upon the Quarter
master Corps to see that none of the
activities incident and necessary to the
expansion of the army we're curtailed;
this despite the fact that the Quarter.
: master General had no funds to his
credit.
The difficulty was met by an adjust
men! Of small balances that remained,
extraordinary care in their expendi-
are, and d borrowing of S30,O00,OO0
from the appropriation for the ma
sonal security and defence. A system
vas devised, in cooperation with the
Federal Reserve Board, which enabled
ansractors during this period to secure
aads to tide them over the delays in
snal settlement.
The major appropriations Of the
Matchmaker Corps obligated since
ANIL G. 1q11 uern.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

The magnitude of the work of the
susrtermaster Corps is indicated by
as operation OF the subsistence .di-
'islen, which is charged with the re-
possibility OF seeing that food sup
pAes for the army are available at all
aa'ions from the Philippines to Lor-
'she Purchases recently made in
uaded 100000 pounds dried beans,
na'aeo,o0o cans baked beans of the
III crop, 65,184,475 cans of tomatoes,
.''~o'ooo cans OF condensed milk, and
',Qoo pounds of prunes.
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28
All the Boys Are Game and
Take a Beating Like
1t Was Fun.
PLEASE CANADIAN OFFICERS
Likes the Way American Sol.
diers Fight; Amusing
Incidents.

CBy sol METZGEUD
That's fighting That's wnu' I'VE
bcen waiting 20 s"c' That's what
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28

seen life before And he's enjoying
the cNpcrieu,s and finds that It's
"A pretty good M, after ali
I lie your parson. priest or rabbi
viii tell you that our doughboys look
ut this ring fighting I'm the right
hight That 10 not only helps make
fighting men out ot them. but that
they also gct a pile of run out Of II
thai ~ teaches them 10 smile when
the blows are hickest
j There was one OF the dpughboys
Tor example. lie had earned the
subr,quct. The lenuN Avenue As
rassiu." because he had sent them
all to sleep But like most good
men. he eventually met his Water
. loo When he came out Of tiAs
sleep. both eyes were swollen shut
/ 'Nhdt The hell do / care" he
piprd whom he got his s"nses, II yc
seen AN there Is 10 be- seen In this
camp
Then there is the story ~ the
Irish Fighter. "a native son who was
trIe tn tradition aud got aboard a
pair ~ Mundell last shoes before
The draft caught him He won quite
% little glory In the ring through
sheer grit and love ~ fighting one
night in the barracks they were ask
ling him about the Irish question
the Sim Fcin. home rule, conscqip-
, tlon, and ~ on.
pat" spoke up ono ~ them
what the dcvll are your brothers
! hnck home fighting for. anyway
IL 10 home rulc'''
/ "llum" rule nothing came the
ready tongue, ITS the Marquis OF
/ Queenshury rules. II ye must know
/ the truth OF the matter"
Hut II romans for the colorcd
soldier 10 give the final touch 90
army fighting humOr. one night we
wRp- holding the preliminary bouts
of colorrd championship some
where In America one hf them, a
fighter named Harris. stood head
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28
PHYSICIANS WANT CLOSED
AUTOS, 0VERLANDS PROVE
same Records Show That Car own
crshlp IL Predominant In
Rural Districts.

4 study of the sales records Of
WHY'S Overland. Inc. reveals many
interesting facts In connection with
the growing business uses OF the mo-
tor car. II is an esta ablished fact
that the farmer haA been one Of
tho largest purchasers ~ the auto
mobiles and now II has been conser-
NUtively estimated that 81 per cent
of the automobile ownership IL con
fined to the rural districts includ-
Ing towns ~ less than 5000 popula-
ton. Hut there are other trades
and professions which have found
the automobile 20 be indispensable
IN the effective handling Of their
business
\ striking example of this ls the
medical profession The physicians
are found among the pioneer and
most consistent buyers uf passenger
cars in tho United states almost
from the inseption of the industry
There are thousands In the medical
profession whose continual use ot
Overland cars is shown hy the rec
ords of the WHY'S Overland com
pany The closed cars are I'm the
prcdominance and much more popu-
lar
The construction NJ these cars
quickly adaptable fa every weather
condition and maintaining AN rq
uahlc temperature throughout tho
round ~ seasons hF quickly and
easily changing closed protection io
open ventilation and pIrtr vision
make them primarily the most lc-
ccptahlo f7r the daily work and re-
creation Of the physician
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28
MAXWELL TRUCK FALLS 40
FEET AND STILL GOES ON
Unusual Experience Of Durability Of
Car II Reported from Pitts
burg This State.

As n rule. II. would be safe to as.
sumo that when a motor truck falls
over a bridge, forty feet high, into
ten feet OF water that truck would
he out Of commission for some time
That thtore are exceptions 90 that
rule, however, Is proven by the re-
cent performance OF n Maxwell
truck owned hy r.. W Geer Of Pitts
burg, okla This Maxwell operated
on freight line between McAlester
and PlttshurE, took Just such a high
dive with really remarkable results
Carrying az load a heavy refrig-
orator. the truck reached the high
bridge To- meet a touring car com
ing In the opposite direction. The
driver OF the truck became confused,
turned tho truck squarely around
and proceeded to drive Off the
bridge. There was some splash and
the truck sank out OF sight except
for the tip " the radiator cap which
showed above the surface There
was no help in sight. the country
hcing but sparsely settled and fInl
day elapsed before II was possible
TO haul tho Maxwell out Of the water
and see the extent OF tho damage
The hood and the radiator were
battered somewhat by the force OF
the fall, but no other part was
injured In any degree a few min
utcs' work and adjustment and the
truck was driven ~ miles into Nc
Aloster under its own power As
the hood hadEbeer wrecked one
gallon test tank was used to hold
gasoline for the run into the city
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28
STANDARDIZATION OF PARTS
NEW FACTOR AUTO MAKING
Formerly NyraidS ~ Dficrcni
Makes Of Parts Now Made Prac-
g ticnlly interchangeable.

The war Ia bringing about many
changes In the automobile business
one Of the most important Of these
is the staDdnrdiznE of parts Form
crB n anything broke IN a machine
or wore out new part could only
he had by sending Co tho factory
for a. Today any representative
do@ler can sunply a. because the
basic parts have been standardized
and viii III any machine
TO show bow great an economy
has been effected, II may be said
that formerly there were 400 vtrtc-
ties Of COlter pins, now there are
less than fifty ono hundred and
nfry kinds Of rims am tires have
been cut 20 forty-four All spark
plugs and maguetos. which formerly
were almost infinite IN number OF
styles and sizes, are now Of one size
and can be used in any make OF
automobile
Take the matter OF treads, which
has been one OF the most trouble
some problems Of carriage and auto
mobile manufacturers These were
uf so many widths that IL was a
burden 10 carry the variety the trade
demanded. Through agreement the
standard tread ~ now flNty- six
inches
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28
Boxing Puts Fighting Spirit
in Men Serving Their Country

rouu'E To tho devil with this box
.uE stuff These we're the ev-
.,pmuliou9 of Canadian officer
Wbp had been through two years ~
d, cover there as he snt by ms
side AZ riug~idc at one ut our bIg
army Cuntoumcuts soincWher" tu
America. after two hcavyv clghts
had been scrupping Tor the camp
uhumpiouHhip % little more than a
minute. Up 10 this bout hc had
bocn silent But when The twuahig
boxers got after each other with aIl
tho fury ~ madmcn, threw all dis
erection 20 the winds AMI Kept l.p V
rain of dreadn6uEht blow, upon
each other, the Cnnndilu rpr flo
first time, spoke This w.Id. furious
cave man battle in 'ht ring causcI
him To- tell story
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28


e. Was 'u'cI there early iu the
game" ho Rl1 and I had quite o.
hIt to 30 with Our boxing We soon
dropped oU fhat 1ud just got tho
mon io fight Put the gloves uu
them mud rrrf them = each other
Oh. 10 was 70 wonderful training fpr
ih"m Ma1' them scTapuCss ulI tho
way through They're iiI fghtcrf
now. every blooming ono wo send
over Hul we keep - nap i1r them
all tho time They are Boo rest mlleis
i'"Aiur don't Eu with uH We found
ont early iu iho gam" w needed
il~hi'fa s" We teach the Wcn "a
Ishi' not tp huy liI7 ~ helped
Say Nou know. hG said, and
h's lr" was liEht"I with priieg 'th'
Canadians haven't u rllt bad fight.
ing record. htNo they POO
Hp'aNinr ~ t'fn''ns Instead of
h"AInr hr continued. 'WIHcs Wo
ihinr or huE from 'n.galf. upWcIl
I."lir Nevrr had thr gloves ou
h"i"r" hc Joined our arms since
h" ID been lu France h,a fought -'N
'1'"tn bouts HHi hli sINt"ru clean
tno'Nouis Iio can whip any hpHrT
ln tho world. I ihWt though he
KNOWS precious Ni'|" about boxing
lIcA just u Fighter. 'uoE AN ar"
THAT'S what NuI W'uf il go ln for
more and moro fighting This box
INK X all right bar rrt them ia
tlshung u counts pa heavily with
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28

TNpgrroph.cal MessonEe~- rsr-
oxide wIE-cd manicure Isurued her
Anna Held eyes on tl44 natrnn be
fore her and asked. shall trim
lou close
BE smiled back and said wei
f"u might leave mic enough for car
fare home
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28

NY cocoa's cold" steruIv an
nounced the Rruft old gentleman 60
the fair waitress
"ruF YOUR hat on sNr sweetly
suggested.
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-04-28

An Astounding Disscmblcr.
what 30 YOU think of a man who
Will constantly deceive his wife?
! think he's a wonder
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1918-06-06
MERCHANTS DAY.
Stores Asked to Invest Sales June Fl
in w. 5. ;.

Friday, June 81, has been desig-
mated merchants war savings day by
the South Carolina war savings COM
mittee. Plans are being perfected
to the end that the merchants in
every town in the State will agree
to invest their total cash receipts that
day in war savings stamps. This
will be one of the features Of the
great intensive war savings cam
paign which is to be conducted from
June IA to %, and is expected to be
a memorab BILE event of the campaign.
This plan originated in Camden,
S. c., where the merchants patrioti-
cally entered into a similar agree
ment, and it is believed that the plan
will be adopted nationally.