Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1918-04-11
UNITED STATES At
WAR ONE YEAR.
Expansion Of Armed Forces Out
standing Feature Of Period.
1923, 1924 MEN IN THE ARMY
Official Review Of Twelve Months'
Activities Shows What Various
Departments Of Government
Have Dens.

The United States has been an &C.
tive participant In the great world war
for one year. At the opening Of the
second year the government commit
tee on public information has issued a
review Of the first twelve months Of
hostilities, showing what has been
done by various branches Of the gov
eminent to place the United States In
q position to play an effective part in
the ultimate defeat Of Germany and
her allies. The committee on public
Information says that all statements
contained in the following summary Of
the review are authorized by the war
department, navy department, United
States shipping board and treasury
department.
The outstanding feature Of the first
year Of war, 1t is pointed out
In the review, has been the transfor-
nation Of the standing army and Ma
tional Guard, composed Of 1924 ofl-
GERS and 202,510 men into fighting
force that now aggregates 12S,6O1 Of
ficers and 1,52s,924 enlisted men.
A statement Of the adjutant general
shows that the regular army which in;
April, 1917, comprised 5,791 officers
and 121, 797 men, now is made up Of
1O,698 officers and 5O3,142 men. The
National Guard in April, 1917. includ-
ed 1873 officers and 76,71S men. while
now 1t comprises 1888 officers and
49,, 5S8 men. The reserve corps In
service one year ago included 1000
men. Now 1t includes 06,210 officers
and 1890 men. The National army,
which did not exist one year ago, now
includes 516889 men.
A substantial vanguard military
expediency prohibiting publication Of
actual numbers) oflthis army is meet
Ing the enemy In France today or is en-
camped there awaiting the call to the
trenches; in 10 cantonments and 10
camps and on numerous aviation fields
and in variety Of other schools in
all parts Of the United States the men
Of the remaining army are hardening
and training for their part in the great
contest overseas.
Behind the activities Of this vast
force lies great industry organized
to produce an adequate supply Of mu-
nitions. equipment, and provisions,
and to provide transportation to the
firing line, almost every branch Of
essential industry Of the country hav-
Ing been drawn upon to produce these
material requirements.
ExpeditIonary Forces.
Military necessity particularly for
bids detailed review Of the activities
Of the American expeditionary forces.
General Pershing and his STAFF az.
rived In Paris on June IL, 1917, 20
days after the declaration Of war. The
first American troops arrived In
France on June 20. On July 4. In cell
ebration Of our natal day and new
light for liberty, American troops pa
raded the streets Of Paris and were
greeted as the forerunners Of great
American armies and vast quantities
of supplies and ammunitlons.
On October 10. 1917, 1877 days after
the war was declared, American SOL
diers went on the firing line. In Jan
uary American soldiers took over per-
manently part Of the line as an
American sector, and this line is grad
ually frightening.
Behind the fighting line in France
the American forces have scientifically
prepared groundwork Of camps, COM
munications, supply bases, and works
In anticipation of operations by the
full force Of the army. They are
building and have built railroads, hos.
pitfalls, ordnance bases, and docks In
France. They have constructed Inn
mense barracks. erected sawmills, re-
claimed agricultural lands. and car
ried forward many incidental enter
prises.
The construction of an ordnance
base in France, costing 5000, 900, is
now well under way. Great quantities
of material used in the foreign con-
structlon work have been shipped from
the United ,States-from fabricated
ironwerk for an ordnance shop to nails
and crossties for railroads, and. even
the piles to build docks.
All the while there has been fairly
even flow of men and materials from
the United States to France. The men
In the trenches, back 'of the lines, on
the construction projects, and in the
hospitals have been steadily supplied.
Our losses at sea, in men and mate
rials have been gratifyingly small.
The greatest single loss occurred on
February 5, when the British ship
Tuscania was torpedoed and sunk.
The bodies Of IA soldiers, en- route to
France have been found and So others
were still missing. on March 18.
To secure an adequate number of
competent officers to lead the new
armies various plans were devised.
Two classes at West Point were grad
uated in advance Of the usual gradu-
ating dates and special examinations
were held In various parts of the coun-
try for appointments from civil life.
Three series Of officers training camps