The Tomahawk., 1918-04-11

slightly more than twice the cost OF
building the Panama canal. The con-
tractors profits on the several con-
tracts averaged only 2.9S per cent.
Air Service.
The air service has been called
upon in the past II months to build
an enormous structure of the most
highly trained personnel and the most
intricate equipment with practically
no foundation to start from. - -.'
Three large appropriations, includ-
ing the $640,0OO,OOO act passed without
roll call, made total Of $601 ,0O0, 600
available for the first year. All Of this
has since been obligated.
Last April the air service had an
almost negligible force of 65 officers
and 1,12O men, 8 small flying fields
less than 300 second-rate planes, prac-
tically no aviation industry, and only
the most scanty knowledge of the ka-
leidoscopic development abroad. The
first two months of war were required
to secure information, establish a staff,
and work out the program finally
adopted. The problem was twofold-
first, personnel; and, second, equip
ment.
Today the personnel is over 100
times that of year ago, practically
every member skilled man who has
gone through an intensive course Of
training. Schools Of II different
kinds have been instituted, courses
of instruction laid out, and instruc:
tors secured, including foreign ex-
perts in score of lines, as follows:
For flyers at ground schools and flying
fields; for mechanics at the flying
fields and at over a dozen different
factories; for photographers, balloon
lists, adjutants, supply officers, engineer
officers, armorers, and instructors of
mechanics.
Development Of Navy.
The development Of the navy during
the first year of war has given the
greatest satisfaction. Its growth and
achievements during this period may
be epitomized in the following para.
graphs: ...
Strength of the navy today Is
nearly $1,000 officers and 10000 en-
listed men; strength year ago was
4,792 officers and 77,946 enlisted men.
Estimated total expenditures of the
navy during first year Of war: Dis
bursements and outstanding obliga.
tions, $1,SS1, 100000.
Total naval appropriations, real and
pending. 1888, III ,665.O4.
American destroyers arrived at a
British port to assist in patrolling Eu.
ropean waters % days after the decfa.
ration of war.
There are now four times as many
vessels in the naval service as a year
ago.
Nearly 5000 mechanics and othef
civilian employees are working at
navy yards and stations.
When war was declared, 1923 naval
vessels were building or authorized,
and contracts have. been placed since
that time for 949 vessels.
More than 100 privately owned ves-
sells have been purchased or chartered
By the navy.
Six new authorized battleships are
to be Of 1850 tons, the lars-
est battleships in the world.
Our 35,OO0-ton cruisers, IS knots,
will be The fastest in the world, their
speed equaling the fastest destroyers.
Prompt repairs Of 100 tpterned Ger
man ships, partially wrecked BY their
crews, added more than 100000 tons
to- our available naval and merchant
tonnage.
The navy has developed an Ameri-
can mine believed to combine all the
good points Of various types Of mines,
and is manufacturing them in quanti-
ties.
During the year the latest type of
naval 16-fnch gun was completed for
our new battleships; It throws pro-
jectile weighing 2,1OO pounds.
Navy has in its possession now a
stock of supplies sufficient for the
average requirements for at least one
year.
Several hundred submarine chasers,
DullI SluCC lIlC WuEs AdSC UCCA ACAS-
cred to the navy BY 81 private con-
Germs and six navy yards; many of
these boats have crossed the Atlantic,
some in severe weather.
Naval training camps have a ca
pacity Of 10000 in summer, $4,000
men in winter.
Shipping Boards Progress.
Up to date congress has authorized
50, ,O34, ,OOO, 900, Of which $1,135, 100000
has been appropriated, for the
United States Shipping board and
Emergency Fleet corporation; on
March /, $353,247, ,955.S7 Of this sum
had been expended. .s
The Emergency Fleet corporation
had requisitioned March I, 425 steel
vessels and contracted for 720 steel
vessels, making total Of 1,145 steel
ships, of an aggregate dead-weight
tonnage Of S,164,5Os tons; it had let
contracts for 400 wooden vessels, ag
gregating approximately 1,715,0oO