davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

has been indefinitely postponed. There
will he business of Importance and all
members are requested 10 attend.
Miss Emma Soken OF the NJ. Mandel
Co. and Miss Eva Kapban Of the stand
ard Steel Office have returned from a
trip through northern part of Michigan
where they visited in Glen. South Hav-
en-. Banker. Kalamazoo and St. Joseph.
William y. Boyers and family Of 500
State street IS moving today to Finiy
Park III. where they VIII make their
future home. Mr. Boyer has been in
the employ Of F. c Hoppman co. for
the past eleven years.
Mrs. c. 6. Miller Of Fast State street
who was at Diamond Lake Cassopolis.
Mich. for the summer was brought
home from there Monday in company
with her daughters. Mrs NJ &. Metz
and Miss Grace Miller. She was taken
i'll fve weeks ago. but is now slowly
improving though stin confined TO her
bed
Mrs Mary Palmer Of Erie. Pa. is the
street for a few DAYS
Mi and Mrs A E Oltz OF Monroe
street and their daughter Miss isabelle
Oltz. also their son Allen Oltz and wife
Of 726 Holman street returned yester-
day from weeks auto trip through
Illinois They visited at Ottawa, Au-
rora. Starved Rock and LaSane. The
~F
made without any trouble
Miss Beatrice Hansen Of Detroit
street is spending ,--e day in Gary as
the guest of Mrs. A D. Shanknn. Miss
row to remain until Saturday as the
guest Of Mrs. Albert Mack
Mr.. and Mrs. NJ 5 Curley Of sibley
street and Mr.. and Mrs Thomas Swan
ton and John Swanton have returned
from a motor trip to Akron and Hudson.
Ohio. where they visited with Mrs.
James $. lowering, daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. Swanton.
Mrs. F. X. Hostler Of 1855 Harrison
street entertained at dinner today in
honor of Mrs. Mary Palmer of Erie,
Pa who Is visiting with Mrs Hostlers
mother. Mrs Norman Morton of Ann
street
The meeting Of the Kings HeraIds
which was announced for Saturday at
John Reeds on Carroll street has been
postponed until further notice
You cannot vote this fall unless you
are registered Republican REGISTRATION
Day next Tuesday. for the city of Ham
mond. Are you Registered 94-4t
Mrs. Robt. Roosevelt Of 433 Oak street
went TO visit her son Arthur Roosevelt
last Sunday the Great Lakes Naval
Training Station where ne went only
two weeks ago
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05
DEATH OF
RUDOLPH HESS

Rudolph Hess. aged "a. an old resi-
dent Of Hammond died at his bone IN
1860 South Holman street. this MORN
ing, leaving two sons. Frank and Ru-
dolph- The funeral will be held from
the Neidow chapel Saturday afternoon
A. two o'clock with nterment at oak
HnI cemefers--
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

Miss Cornell viii continue to give
Demonstrations on canning. driving and
picking durinS the remainder Of the
canning season. Do not fail 10 attend
al least one Of these soon so as 10 be
able to save fruits and vegetables be
fore the end Of the fall season.
ANY home may have a demonstration
by inviting in neighbors and arrans-
ing with Miss Cornell telephone -.
Llaertv HalL
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05
MEETING
THURSDAY
EVENING

The meeting q the Soldiers and sail
crs Aid Society Is 70 he held Thursday
evening at Liberty Hall instead Of Tues
day night as announced President J.
T. Hutton urges all members to attend
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05
NOTED WOMAN
TO SPEAK HERE
AL Women of Hammond
Are Requested to Be at
Liberty Hall.

Or. Anna Sweitzer. who has for the
past year been one Of the physicians
employed by the National child welfare
Association Of Washington to test The
children of Gary under seven years of
age, viii speak AT Liberty Hall. Satur-
day afternoon. at three o'clock An peo-
pie interested in the follow up work IN
our city are urged TO be present
over eight thousand children were
tested in Hammond. Many mothers have
asked What can we do now that we
have found what the needs are" Dr
Sweiter viii be able to give helpful di-
rection.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05
TO LATE TOO CLASSIFY

WANTED bright boy about 16
years old for work around office. APP
ply Times. Room 214 Hammond bldg
9-5-tf
NTED-Shipping clerk familiar with
industrial plant work. Green Engineer
ing Co, En- Chicago 9-5-3
WANTED-Nan and wife to care for
Country club. no rent aud low living
expenses. besides salary. Excellent op-
portunity for right couple. COUNTRY
CLUB, Hammond. Ind 9-5-3
STILL TINE TO ENROLL-Day or eve
ming classes. Call or phone. Hammond
1854 Hammond Business College First
Nationei Bank Bldg 9-5-5
Are you War Saver?
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

You cannot vote this fall unless you
are registered. Republican Regisiration
Day next Tuesday. for the city Of Ham
mcnd Arc YOU ReRistered2 9-4-4t
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

William n Boyers and family Of 500
State street IS moving today TO Finiy
Park. III where they Will make their
future home. MI Boyer has been in
the employ Of F. c Hoppman Co for
the past eleven years.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

Buy Thrift Stamp and lick the
Hun.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

Miss Emma Soken OF the NJ. Mandel
Co. and Miss Eva Kapban Of the stand
ard Steel office have returned from
trip through northern part of Michigan
where they visited in Glen. South Hav-
en-. Banker. Kalamazoo and St Joseph.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

has been indefinitely postponed. There
will he business of Importance and all
members are requested TO attend.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-09-05

Charter No. 8199.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
Recall Issue
Up at CabituL

Bismarck. N. D. May 1&-Big-
marck's recall election controversy
was argued before Judge N1tessls
this week. Atty. Ed B. Allen, rep
resenting the petitioners, argued that
names could not be withdrawn from
a petition after it had been filed with
the city auditor. who, he contended,
assumed immediate Jurisdiction. City
Atty. n. F. O'Hare and Atty. G. Il.
Young, representing the city and Eo-
lice Com. Chris. Bertsch, respec-
lively, argued that jurisdiction did
not attach until the recall petition
had been filed with the city commits
sion, and that in the interim petit
TONERS who wished to change their
minds and withdraw had right to
do so.
The petitions praying the recall OF
Police Commissioner Bertsch, as orr
iginally filed with the city auditor,
were sufficient, but before the lapse
OF the ten days allowed by law for
the city auditor to satisfy himeslf as
to the suficiency OF the petitions,
ITO names, or about a third OF the
original number, were withdrawn
and the auditor reported TO the city
commission that the petitions did not
contain q sufficient number OF sigma
lures.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
FACTORS GOVERNING
GERMANS ACTION.

Speculation upon where the great
action will next develop and upon
what the inauguration Of its third
phase will depend is valuable to US
only If we keep it speculation; 1t
becomes futile if we make it proph-
coy. 1t is valuable If we make 1t
speculation, because under that form
we can appreciate the elements of
the enemy's Judgment It win be re-
men; bered that in these articles
many weeks ago similarly estimated
the values Of the various sectors on
which the enemy might open his
spring attack. said then that any
one OF several was available to him
but pointed out that his best chances
lay along the fifty miles between the
Scarpe and the Disc, where, as a
matter Of fact, his offensive came.
Today a Judgment Of the same sort
is open to us.
The enemy may prefer to. hold on
in France and to help the Austrians
in new attack on the Italian front
now that the snow is melting in the
Alps. A great local decision against
Italy would shake the Allies badly,
but it would be highly speculative,
it, would Involve a vast disturbance
of the concentrations of forces pre-
viously made, and even if successful
it would not give a final victory.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
1.-THE BATTLE AK
iWERSUS THE SWORD.

General Bernhardi has put the
Gerrnan scheme in a single phrase:
military action must follow pre-
tNiously determined line, and this
must be pushed up to the limit where
/ the adversary, in spite OF all alter
native plans he may have formed,
shall be compelled to submit to the
Initiative of his opponent" In other
/ words, you win by making plan
lR.nd by following it out in detail af-
Tier the fullest preparation and not
Eby trusting to your own rapidity of
Judgment In the presence OF several
alternatives. 1t must be remem-
Ebered In this connection that this
Shdea lis as old as Frederick the Great
aad that under it you win all or lose
hall. It is the child OF victory, and 1T
flakes superiority over your enemy
dor granted. IL has little defensive
Emower, and III 1t is once broken that
break lis for good and all.
Now, lie you turn to General Focll's
kgreat work, ",The Conduct of War, -
sou will find exactly the opposite
doctrine. 1t may, If you wish, be
called the child OF defeat Though IL
certainly does not produce defeat),
FOR &c received its full effect upon the
French through their defeat in 1870.
Tic is the doctrine that the general
should foregee as much as possible,
Gl1ouId ba rea7y with the greatest
number OF alternatives and should
rely upon his rapidity Of Judgment
and the power OF a, vigorous mind
and eye to change his plans at the
critical moment. Just as the Ger
naan doctrine was formed before the
ND sizes Of q generation ago, though
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
EQUIVALENT OF 2s0
DIVISIONS USED.

What the enemy has really lost in
action Is alone the thing that we
must try to determine. Unfortu-
nately, we have very little evidence
but what we have enables us to
establish a minimum Of his casual
ties. We saw last week on the inn
perfect evidence then before us that
the equivalent Of at least 1872 divis-
ions had been identified since March
81, but the evidence was still i'm
perfect. We have this week detailed
statistics available.
From March 81 up to May more
than 40 divisions Of German troops
have been identified in action on the
west front. OF these at least fifty
have appeared on the front twice;
twenty have appeared three times
and one has been in action four
times. The equivalent, therefore, Of
more than $50 divisions has been
used against the Allies in this inten-
sive effort by the Germans. How in
tensive has been the effort is suffi-
GENTLY proved by the tremendous
rate Of replacement Chat Is, the re-
passing of already battered divisions
through the MILD, which has three
times that of last year, and the using
up Of divisions on the front (actual-
ly four times in one case during only
six weeks)
We have other evidence Of the
enormous German losses in the few
examples which are available for de-
tailed mination-these show the
disablement Of a third Of the whole
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
REASONS FOR ATTACK
ON ALBERT SECTOR.

It is the last Of these three which
upon the whole seems the most prob
able theater for his action. This for
the following reasons:
First. He has already produced a
salient around Arras by. his attack
On Flanders from the north; to in
crease the danger to that salient by
an attack from the south would be
consonant to all he has hitherto done
in this war, and would, If it COM
PEELED the evacuation of the salient
at Arras, gain him g. very great i'm
mediate advantage.
Second. A rapid success here
would lead him TO Doullens, which is
g. point where all the railroads and
roads Of the allied communications
behind this front meet; it would
give him Amiens as byproduct, and
it would heavily hamper the COM
munications of the English on the
north with the French on the south.
Third. He is here at less disad-
vantage from the nature OF the
ground than on the west Of the big
salient.
Fourth. The lateral communica-
tons Of the Allies Immediately be-
mind this line are worse than else
where.
If the enemy attacked on the Las
signy front he would be dispensing
his effort and meeting the French
just where they could concentrate
with the greatest ease.
If he put In his weight at the
apex Of the triangle against Amiens
he would have but a. narrow. sector
upon which to effect his purpose.
Such are the elements Of the call
culation-they are no more than
this-upon which our Judgment Of
the existing situation depends. The
Allies deliberately leave the initia-
tive to the Germans, and the Ger
man can continue his offensive where
he chooses, upon sectors the value of
which varies, but Of which the most
valuable Is that between Albert and
ATraS.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
MAN POWER CHEF
ELEMENT OF VICTORY.

But that offensive still depends
for its power upon that factor I'M
known to us-the rate Of the enemy
loss of mon. The war depends upon
numbers exactly as does commerce
or finance. There are other ele-
ments Of vital mportance-will
power, provisions folly. panic and
all the rest OF 1t. But ultimately it
is a matter of calculation in men.
The enemy has "budgeted" for
certain losses within a certain time
To exceed those losses within that
time would be TO imperil his whole
future. He has budgeted for very
great losses, because he desires
decision rapidly, knowing that the
American forces within a few
months will turn the balances
against him. He win not risk more
than three quarters of a million Of
such losses before the middle of
summer, though as time drags on
the return Of recovered men from
the hospital Increases his strength
and the new class of 1890 comes
dribbIing into his armies. He has
already heavily exceeded the rate Of
loss which he expected, but is far
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
Huns Have Been Unable to
Secure Rubber For
Respirators
MANY KINDS OF GAS
NOW IN COMMON USE
Allies Box Respirator Alb
solute Protection Against
All Forms
iRv Associated Press.1

London, April 1S-Gas warriors
has developed to a very considerable
extent since its first use as a surprise
weapon by the Germans at the second
battle of Ypres. At that time the gas
cloud or wave" was released from
great cylinders Of liquid gas en-
bedded in the trenches and dis
charged by pipes leading through the
parapet.
This form of attack has now been
largely discarded. for 1t depended for
effectiveness on the prevailing wind
blowing from the right quarter. 1t
shell was a far more important
weapon than any gas cloud or wave,
for it's action is Independent Of the
wind and a continuous barrage Of gas
shells can be kept up 80 that the
whole target area is continuously
poisoned.
Though entirely surprised by the
first German gas attack the British
and French quickly devised defensive
measures and every soldier was sup
piled with a gas mask. The box
respirator which every Allied soldier
now carries is an absolute protection
against all forms Of gas, provided
that it is put on at the first alarm
and is not removed until the danger
is past.
But it is very difficult to fight hour
after hour without removing the res
pirator. There can be little speech
and man can neither eat, drink nor
smoke. During a gas attack, there
must be as little unnecessary moving
as possible, for violent movements OF
| the body are likely to displace the
mask and let a little of the poisoned
air into the lungs. Gas bags are now
used largely by both sides, for the
| bombardment Of back areas and lines
| Of communication, for the silencing OF
| hostile batteries, and as a barrage
previous to an infantry attack, when
their effect is often supplemented by
gas wave discharges from trench cy-
| finders. The effect Of a gas attack is
much worse and lasts much longer in
closed spaces such as trenches and
dugouts, and is more effective in
towns and villages than in the open
| There are many kinds Of gas now in
common use. There Is a purely suf-
locating gas; q tear gas, which at
tacks the eyes; q sneezing gas, in
tended to provoke an easier assin1il-
alton Of the poison gas which &C.
| companies it; and lastly the mus
tard gas, which is an eye, lung and
skin irrltant.
Gas shells in most cases contain
a mixture, designed to produce a
double effect. The shells are fired
by guns of all caliber and gas
mines and "torpedoes' are dis
charged from trench mortars.
The majority Of gas casualties re-
cover quickly, provided they have
been only slightly exposed to the
fumes before they put their respir-
ators on. The effects of the irritant
mustard gas are not usually serious
most cases recovering IN two OF
three days. 1t is generally stated
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
cAmticibates Next Thrust Betz0eem A9aSamd
Sonln@ The TgNtQM Forces Re@stAbA for Negg Offensive

concentration against him in Elan
ders, he has found himself held there,
and as he is now acting on interior
lines it would pay him to go else
where, forcing the Allies to a far
greater expenditure Of energy in the
movement Of troops and supplies
than would be necessary for himself
in moving to new battle front.
The most probable area Of attack,
therefore, is somewhere on the rec
tangular front between Arras and
Noyon, and here there are three dis
tinct objectives open to the enemy.
There is first. the possibility Of an
effort on the southern front Of the
great right-angled triangle which he
holds as the result of his recent adj
vance-on what is generally called
the front of Lassigny, facing toward
Paris; there Is the possibility Of an
effort at the apex of the triangle
which faces Amiens; and there is
also the possibility Of an attack
against the longer northern side Of
the triangle, on what is called the
Albert 'front.' between the Somme
and Arras
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
Bismarck May
Be Headquarters.

Bismarck, N. D., May 18-Tha.
United States employment sevvicsl
of the department of labor had re-i
cetved proposals for offices at Bis&
marck, with a. view OF locating stata
headquarters here. A local office al
so will be established to supply the
Bismarck district and slope country.
The department of labor lie now OPP
Grating in this state with IAndIsy Il.
Patten of Bismarck as state direc~
tor, and it is understood the services
will be permanent.
The department win have super
vision over all labor matters, includ
ing the farm help proposition, and
will establish offices at Bismarck,
Minot and Grand Forks. A Fargo
Office already is established,
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
y. S. Engineers
Tired of Loafing

Mandan, N. D., May 18.-T. J. Kane
former chief clerk Of the Northern
Pacific at Glendive. Mont. stationed
at Nagasaki, Japan, with the Aneri-
can engineers, writes that the en-
gineers are becoming tired Of their
stay.
Most Of us while at home were in
the habit Of doing at least a little
work each day and 1t Is hard to get
used to this loafing around all day
long for months at a time" writes
Mr.. Kane.
IT often wish that was back in
Montana instead of wasting my time
and the governments time in Japan,
/ guess we will have to stay now un-
til we are ordered to return or until
we will be able to do some good in
Russia, If the people Of that land evei
quit lighting among themselves.
"a portion Of our regiment Is to
return to the States at once, but not
the railroad men. and this leads us
to believe that the United States is
going to do something with us soon"
Bismarck, N. D., May 18.-The
Burleigh county Red Cross chapter
today received a check for $170.2h
representing the net proceeds of the
benefit dance which the Thursday
Musical club of Bismarck gave at the
Mckenzie on Tuesday evening. A
similar dance given earlier in the
year netted the Red Cross fund
Stills.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
SerUiCe Flag
Gift of Girls

Leeds, N. D., May 1s.-The Actatci
Camp Fire girls Of Leeds, under the
guardianship Of Mrs. r. NJ. Stair,
gave an interesting program on
Mothers day when they presented a
service flag with 46 stars to the city.
The stars were arranged in the form
of a Liberty bell, and yelled with
carnations, red for Mother living and
white for mother dead, which were
presented to the mothers or near rel
atiyes as the stars were unveiled by
three little girls dressed as Red Cross
nurses o. ~ q.
The flag was dedicated, not only to
the boys in khaki, but to their moth
ers who, by their heroism, their de-
votion and their sacrifices are MAX
ing It possible for the boys to do their
bit in the way OF securing "the bless
| ings Of Liberty to ourselves and our
posterity."
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18

! it was crystallized and solidified by
them, so the French doctrine was
formed long before the defeat OF
1870, for it was the essence Of a
| Napoleonic method. In fact, it was
never better expressed than in the
Napoleonic phrase, ACT as If you
expected the worst
VERY NATURE OF
OPPONENTS DIFFERS.
Indeed, there lie between the two
theories two totally different ma
tional characters--one that Of Ger
many, mystical and believing in
some way that confidence in victory
actually produces victory; the other
French, preferring the known reality
to visions and calculation to emo
ton. It is the contrast between the
single swing OF battle AK and the
| multiple manoeuvre Of a sword. It
may be said that the more subtle
French theory is the refuge of. the
weaker party, and that Is true; but
| 1t is also true that it brings victory
to the weaker party when 1t sue
ceeds
At any rate, we have the right
~ NAAA wi AAlOF1CNSS VI Jul CLACAAy
fixed theory of war to think it prob
able that he will continue this great
offensive he has begun. It failed in
the first chapter in front Of Amiens
for the alternative plan OF the de-
fensive held it. 1t may we'll be that
the enemy has terminated the second
chapter in Flanders, and that after
the great defeat of April 20 he will
turn elsewhere. But it would be
most tmprudent to believe that he
had already abandoned, before losing
three quarters OF million men (and
he has as yet lost far less than this)
the great offensive which he con-
ceived and elaborated through all
the months Of last winter, and which
he first put into action in the ire
mendous blows between the rivers of
the Disc and the Scarpe on March
q.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
Italian Altman
Falls to Death

New York, May 18.-Captatn An
tonic silvio Resnah, Of the royal
Italian flying corps. who piloted the
ten passenger Capront biplane from
Washington to New York and back
again recently, was killed at noon
today at the Hampstead flying field.
Resnati. one OF the most famous
italian military aviators, met his
death while testing an American
built Caproni plane of the bombing
type, recently authorized for pur-
chase by the United States govern
rnent
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-05-18
LOSSES NEAR
HALF A MILLION.

Putting an this together, we may
be. certain that we are dealing In
these six weeks with minimum losses
Of between 100000 and a half million.
The proportion Of light to heavy cas-
ua1ties is much what it was in 9TH
er actions, that is, about so per cent
OF the wounded will return again
ultimately to their commands (say
that rather less than half Of the
whole number Of casualties are dead,
disabled or permanently sick.) About
a third OF the casualties will be able
to return to the front before autumn.
But that is the minimum German
expenditure.
Suppose the third phase Of the
battle takes the form Of a deter
mined offensive upon very large
front with, say, forty divisions, and
suppose that that effort should fail
there. will be left 10 the Germans
no offensive strength with which to
obtain decision. It Is this which
the enemy has to consider II he at
tempts that gamble.