, 1918-09-26
CALL TO EMPLOYERS
Paramount Duty to Aid Work of
Selective Boards.
Can Perform Great Service to coun-
try by Helping Work Of Classifying
Reelstrants Under the Sc
lective Service Act.

dressed TO employers of labor and 9TH
er representatives of industry through
out the country concerning their share
of responsibility in the classification
of the new registrai.ss under the Sc
lective service act.
General Crowder says:
l have noticed, in the general ex-
pressions of the public attitude which
reach this office, two frequent features
which lead me 10 the present COM
ments. One of these features Is the
belief that the process of awarding de-
ferred classification to a registrant re-
quires merely the filling out of the
QUESTIONABLE, and that the selective
service boards will perceive the pro-
priety of making the deferment. with
out the assistance furnished by the
registrant's formal claim indicating
the deferment desired. The other fea-
ture Is the employers failure to real
lie his responsibility to intervene in
aiding the boards determination, and
therefore to inform himself fully on all
the considerations which should affect
the decision as to deferment.
1. As to the first mentioned belief,
1t must be pointed out that If 1t were
universally acted upon, the process or
classification would be seriously ham,
pered and delayed. Someone must in
dictate that the individual case is one
which should arrest the special atten-
ton of the boards in respect to the reg
Istrant's occupational status. The
boards do not possess a superhuman
omniscence. e
Boards Will Make Examination
The boards will do all that they pos
sibly can, on their own initiative, to
reach n just decision by a complete *
animation of the QUESTIONABLE, even
where no claim is expressly made. A
registrant is therefore at liberty, II he
sees fit, to trust to the scrutiny of the
boards to discover the necessity for his
deferment.
Nevertheless, the boards will well
come and will need all the aid that car
be furnished by the indication of a
claim made for deferment. With this
aid, the process will become a simple
and speedy one.
2. Why should the employer, or 9TH
er third person, In such cases, make
the claim? Because the employer In
this situation represents the nation,
because Tin the statutory phrase)
"the maintenance Of the military es'
Establishment or of national interest
during the emergency" requires that
some well-advised third person should
look after that national interest, which
the registrant himself may not have
sufficiently considered. .
1t is often forgotten that the seIec.
tive draft is only one element In the
depletion of a particular industry's
man-power. A second and large ele-
ment is found in the voluntary with
drawals for enlistment; how large this
is may be seen from the circumstance
that the total inductfons by draft have
reached some 2,OOO.0 600, while the total
enlistments In army and navy amount
to some 1,400, 000-nearly three-quar-
tiers as many. A third. element, very
large, but unknown as to its precise
extent, has been the transfer of labor
power from one industry to another,
namely, into the distinctively war In
dustries offering the inducement of
higher wages. How relatively small.
in actual effect, has been the effect of
the selective draft is seen In the fact
that, for all the occupations represent
ed In the S,T00,000 classified regis
trants of January, 1918. the percen-
tage of the entire Industrial popula-
ton represented by the class I regis
trants amounted to only 9 per cent. It
ran as low as 3 per cent for some oc-
cupations. and correspondingly higher
for some other occupations; but the
national average was only 8 per cent.
Any notably larger depletion in partic-
ular industries must therefore have
been due, partly to e~nlistments, and In
probably greater degree. to voluntary
transfers into other industries.
Must Remember Nations Needs.
These other Influences are therefore
to be kept in mind by employers and
others, in weighing the question wheth-
er the best solution, In the national
interest. is to ask for the deferment
of individuals or groups of men. Such
I deferments may assist the immediate
situation In the particular establish
mept; but they merely force the army
and the navy to seek elsewhere for the
same number of men thus deferred.
The cumulative needs Of the
military forces are known and i'm
~perative; and any given quantity of
deferments will ultimately have to be
made up by the depletion of some
other occupation. Thus 1t becomes
the employers duty to consider these
aspects Of deferment, In seeking that