davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
Enen,yAduertisiir,g
70 the Editor Of The Tribune.

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: Several years ago the Germans used
the clever expedient of communicating mill
tary information by means Of innocent look
ing billboards throughout France The
position Of these billboards, the nature Of
the product advertised, the colors used-all
these things were significant to an invsd-
ing party.
Advertising is again being used as a
means OF communicating with the enemy.
and as preventive measure both France
and Italy are enforcing regulations which
make it necessary for the publishers Of
magazines and newspapers to "blacken out"
all advertisements If the publications are
sent out Of those countries. Just ac in the
case Of posters, these advertisements con-
tain secret code messages and are possible
of almost iimitless application.
Every person who realizes how excaed
ingly easy 1t is to transmit important in
formation by code will appreciate the value
Of this order. Vast quantities Of American
magazines are being sent to the Allied and
neutral countries, and from there they may
be very easily relayed into Germany.
70 carry out the order adequately Will
impose certain hardships. But this IL .
period Of hardships, and the sooner we
understand it the better. It is time that
we In America, surrounded by spies Of
every description, pay some attention 70
this aspect of espionage.
ut pays to advertise" Yes. But It does not
and 1t cannot-pay to advertise military
information which will give aid to the
enemy. ARNOLD w. RosENruAY
New York, June IT, 1918.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
The Female Invasion

THE onrushing hordes of Amazons only
gain impetus as the days 60 by. Infiltra-
tion perhaps best describes their method
of attack. You go downtown on female
guarded subway, and that you are now
used to. But when you enter your Office
building and find elevator girls in charge
the shock is as great as at the very start,
and its noiselessness, it's creeping ell
trance, now here, now there, adds to the
nervous strain. A bad, bad time for those
sedate males who have always distrusted
petticoats in unaccustomed places and
must have their sacred, betrousered
spots to live the life of freemen.
1t has been spread upon the public
page and therefore all may cape and
wonder at the fall of the Union Club be-
fore mass attack Of mattresses. That
fortress of conservatism ought surely to
have put up better fight. Surprise.
threats, treason within, who can guess
t91e cause of this collapse? Perhaps onlv
wise discretions. At any rate, the
barbed wire has been passed and the
third line taken. A whole vast position
has been turned. With the Union Club
surrendered, who has the stomach for
more fighting?
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
The theory behind this is plain enough

The theory behind this is plain enough
education is held to be state func-
ton, which should be free from politics
or partisanship, and the local board is
held to be acting as the agent Of tho
state, and so not answerable to city
officials. But the corollary of that is
that state body will be spending money
furnished by city taxpayers without any
power of check or question by the duly
elected representatives of those tax
payers, who are responsible to the
voters for the size of the budget and
the tax rate. And that is going far,
even in the sacred name of education.
AS practical matter the Board Of
Estimate and the Board of Education
will doubtless be able in general to
agree on purpose and details of cx-
penditures before the appropriations arc
made. In justice to the taxpayers the
Board of Estimate should then insist OH
using the club given by its appropriating
power to extract all the information it
needs, for once the grant is made it will
have no further power or authority.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
MaQdxin@:
The Self-Styled Christian

we Germans VIII preserve our conception Of Chris
tan duty tosard tho III and wounded. while wsed3s
Ms we Wi also treat those wounded In bak,le thaf
when this terrible business is o.cy and rnep again extcd
ciea conscience and without every day ana
ese act OF these hard times Tho Kaiser. reported
IN the Lokal- -Anxeiger.
THIS world is after all place
n Where brutal kings have lived before,
And will again, until the race
OF kings ehall be no moro.
So not his iron fist alone
Makes Bill the Bloody take the bun.
What gets me is the fellows tone.
l hate pious Hun.
When men again extend their hands
To one another'----- Are you mad.
What men, in what degenerate lands.
Would shake with you, ycu cad
Without remorse," "with conscience clcaH'
You Germans hope you will recall
Your every act? Oh, Belgium. hear
This red barbarian's gall!
CLARENCE DAY. 5R
Nav York. June II. 19is. il
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
The Hearst Within Our Gate.
IIssued by The vigflsnt..1

IIssued by The visilante.1
Hearst Opposed Our Loan 70 the AIi;..
This enormous loan" (ths AnsIo.
French loan OF June, 1s15) sis to be used
directly and indirectly in prolonging this
dreadful war that Is wasting the health
and strength Of the white men Of cayiii.
zatlon."-Fron, Tho New York Apseyi-
can, September 21, 1915.
Mr. Hearst controls the following publi-
cations, with total average daily circula.
tion of 2,572,ss5 for the Hearst newspapers.
and total average circulation per issue o.
1921 ,627 for the Hearst magazines.
Newspapers:
The New York American
The New York Evening Journal
The Chicago Herald and Examiner
The Chicago American
The Boston Advertiser
The Boston American
The Atlanta Georgian
The Atlanta American
The San Francisco Examiner
The Los Angeles Examiner
The New York Deutsches journal (dscontiuued
Mngaxines:
The Cosmopolitan
Good Housekeeping
Harpers Bazaar
Hearst's
Motor
Motor Boating
Puck
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
Aircraft
Discoveries
BY Theodore M. knappcn

wv ASHINGTON, June 20.--The master
w delay in aircraf. production has
been in the planes After all,
times as fast as the planes and about
twice as fast as flying boats and planes
combined.
The grand retardation of plane produc-
tion is in the Bristol type. The choice OF
the DE Haviland for adaptation to the Lib
erty motor was an inspirations; that OF the
Bristol desperation. The Bristo-which
was intended to be our special two scatter
combat plenehas for many months re-
duced tho output Of the largest plane fac
tory in the country, the Curtiss, at Buffalo,
by at least SO per cent. Thc De Haviland
delay caused two great plants, the Stand
ard. at New Brunswick, and the Dayton
Wright, at Dayton, to mark time for three
or four months so far as battle planes
were concerned.
Up to date just twelve Bristol. planes
have been produced, and to tho best of my
information the Bristol is going to be
thrown into the discard after all so far
as the Liberty motor is concerned. The
pity is that it was not discarded long ago.
Avoidable or unavoidable, the Bristol
failure is the greatest calamity that has
befallen the aircraft enterprise. One hcs-
tates to think Of our predicament if all
the factories had been put on the Bristol,
instead OF only one My guess is now that
the Bristol planes will be adapted to the
3o0-horsepower Hispano- Suizas, leaving
only the De Haviand three-purpose plane
for the Liberty outside the big night
bombers and the flying boats. The Liberty
engine needs combat plane planned and
built for and around it, and that is now OF
the way. was present at the first trials
OF one OF the new types that has given
great promise of highly man~uvrabe
two-seater plane with record breaking
speed at attitudes unattainable by German
machines Once it is decided on it should
be possible to put it into production very
soon.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21

organization that has existed in Russia
for centuries. 1t represents primarily the
peasants.
, "There Is every reason for believing
that the form Of government now existing
in Russia will be permanent, no matter
what party comes into power"
This is largely prophecy. AS to the
present fact, an Associated Press dis
patch of June 10 states that the Russian
Soviets took severe measures on Friday
to expel those of their members repre-
senting the social revolutionists--the
Right, the Centre and the Mcnsheviki.
All local councils are to be asked to expel
representatives of the same parties.
This, it should he explained, means the
complete elimination of all representa-
tives of the peasant classes, of any party,
leaving only those of the extreme COM
plexion of Lenine and Trotzky in control.
AS to the latter, two interesting side
lights: The first is the disappearance Of
nearly all the we'll known newspapers of
Russia. The liberty Of the press has
practically ceased to exist.
"A second is that it appears that the
peasants are not at all rs enthusiastic
over the appropriation of proprietorial
land as was expected. Their apathy is
denounced by the Bolsheviki in unmeas-
ured terms. 1t mainly results apparently
from the failure to establish stable
monetary system.
AS to the character Of the present gov
ernment, it is sufficient to cite it's orders
against the Czecho- -Slovaks; they are to
be disarmed, and if they resist they are
to be shot. The patriots who cringed at
Brest-Litovsk before "brutal force" ap-
pear quite willing to use this same force
for their own ends.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
State Education by City Funds

Ihe Interpretation of the new state
education law just made by DIR. Finegan.
Acting Commissioner of Education. is
sweeping and explicit in it's bearing on
the relations between the Board of
Education and the Board of Estimate
ana Apportionment i'll this city Barring
an appeal to the courts which produces
contrary decision, this must be binding
as TO the disposition of all funds an
propriated for educational purposes.
either the mandatory sum specified bv
the law or appropriations in excess of
that sum. DR.. Finegan holds that the
Board Of Education is to be the sole
Judge of the propriety of expenditures.
Once money is set aside, it is to have
sole control of it, and it's audit NAV not
be questioned save for fraud.
Moreover, the Board of Education is
held to be clothed with ample power
to take any action necessary to protect
Its status, to enable it to perform it's
duties and to prevent improper and
iiiegal interference with its rights" and
DIR. Finegan insists that ''thc board
should not hesitate to take such action"
. In other words, under the new law the
Board of Education. though appointed
ny the Mayor, is state body, not city
body. 1T is the duty of the board to
resist to the utmost any encroachments
upon its powers by city bodies or city
officials
In the face of such an Interpretation
Of the law there can be no further de-
niands by the Controller or the Board
Of Estimate for accounting by the Board
Of Education such as prccipitated a pro-
longed controversy year or two ago.
Any budget items or accounting the
Board of Education may give will be
Voluntary and an earnest of coopera-
ton with the sppropriating authorities.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
Taking Care of the Pennies

The road of savings still winds uphill
for most Americans. Each economy is
an effort, pull against nature and in
stinct. We are still long way from
the French state Of mind in which thrift
is a habit and saving the happy. liked
way Of life.
But the present thrift campaign,
aimed at expediting our purchase of
". S. S., finds the job already grown
easier for everybody. We and our chill
dren have come to like the green stamps
and to take a real pleasure in watching
them blot out card. We can foresee
a not distant future in which the road
of savings will begin to fatten out and
the game of thrift, become habit, prove
as easy as not.
Keep at it, that is the important point
now. Don't weaken. Each stamp paid
for makes the future just that much
easier, for each stamp paid for means
just that many pennies saved, and the
habit of saving pennies is the goal to
be attained. Anybody, even an Amer1-
can, would enjoy saving dollars. But
mighty few Americans have margin
enough to save dollars. So we groan
over our lot and go on blissfully living
up to our income. Instead, we must
learn to save pennies. We must learn
to place q new Importance on small
change, on niclels and pennies. Take
care of the loose and wandering change!
Biy and deny SO that it grows. That is
the new game America must learn. It
can be of great value to each of us. Once
learned it can be equally good fun
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
"Realpolitik" and Reality in Russia

Russia" says the Hon. Frederic G.
Howe, in an article in the current "New
Republic, CONTINUES to perplex the AL
lied governments, largely because Of our
profound, and necessarily profound.
ignorance of the economic foundations of
Russia" Perhaps. Some unusually deep
and distressing shadows from this pro-
fundity seem to roam darkening in the
mind of our literary Commissioner of
hmm grafton. Here are some gems from
among Mr. Howc's discoveries:
Practically all Of Europe east of line
drawn north and south through Berlin is
still almost as feudal as it was in the
eighteenth century
"There is little peasant proprietorship.
he great estate owners predominate.
THE eastern provinces of Germany are
the home of the Junkers.
''They own great part of the land. 1t
was true Of great part of Russia as we'll
(before the revolution).
"Thc feudal system :. was ended
IN Russia by the revolution.
"When the revolution came in Russia
its first act was the appropriation of the
feudal land owning classes and the dis
trbuton of the land among the peas
ants
owe can only understand" our Com
missioner goes on to say, "that part of
Europe east of the Ebe, and the Allied
powers can only approach a solution of
the Russian situation by acknowledging
and acting on these facts" Now. the
facts of which many, not to mention Mr..
Howe, are 50 profoundly ignorant are
these:
The latest issue of the Russian Stats
tical Year Book Of 1918 gives the figures
as to population and it's distribution by
classes for The year 1912 and similar fig
ures as to land ownership in Russia
down to the year 1905, when the census
or this subject was taken.
This Year Book was compiled by the
Russian Department of the Interior and
is as exhaustive and detailed as similar
year books, Of, for example, this country
or Germany. The facts as to the hold
ings of land in European Russia in 1905
ere stated thus:
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21

The Tribune published yesterday an
account of the hearing in the case of
Charles Emil Stangeland, charged with
violation of the trading with the enemy
act. Professor Charles w. Beard fur
nlshed the bail. The article itself stated
correctly that Professor Beard had re-
signed from the Columbia University
faculty. The headline, however, errone-
ously said that bail was given by "dis-
missed Columbia faculty member" The
Tribune regrets that this error was
made, and takes the first opportunity to
correct it.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
GUARANT TEE
Up to Forty-6ve

ihe Administration has at last faced
about on the draft age limits issue. Its
former policy was not to look ahead
year or two. but to deal with an emer-
gency only when the emergency knocked
at the door.
In this matter of age limits Of con
scription Congress was mach more far
lighted than the War Department.
When the original selective service act
vas under consideration the department
wanted to make the maximum age twen-
iyeight. The House of Representatives
turned down this recommendation and
raised the maximum age tc forty. The
House was ahead of the procession. how
ever The Senate was persuaded 30 re-
store The twentyeight-y year maximum.
In conference committee there was a
compromise on thirty-one.
The present seective service law has
yielded Il little short Of 2,450,OOO Glass l
men. Recorbing the other classes may
yield 100000 more, according to General
Crowder's latest estimates The law
drafting men who reached their twenty
first birthday between June ), 1917. and
June j, 1918, may produce 100000. Then
we shah be at the end of our resources,
unless the principle OF selection is set
aside.
Adding 100000 volunteers to the
100000 men yielded by the draft we
have an army of about 4.1OO,O0O. But
minimum army OF o,0O0O00 is needed
Another million must be added for re-
placements. The best way 70 get the ad-
ditional men is TO broaden the scope of
Tho selcctive process so as TO include men
between thirty-one and forty-tive. II
would also be well to lower the age limit
TO eighteen or nineteen
We must have an industrial army as
well as an army on the lighting line. We
still depend on volunteering for this sec
ond army. But volunteering is a poor
dependence. Those who do not fight must
work. The sure way to secure workers as
we'll as fighters is to bring a far larper
section OF the population under military
control. That is what General Crowder
IS aiming at in his advocacy Of higher
conscription age limit. That is what Sec
retary Baker was opposed to until this
week
The Tribune favored a higher age
imit when the original draft bill was be-
Fore Congress in the spring of 1917. 1t
mas been arguing for it ever since. At
last the opposition to conscription on
broader basis is breaking down. Con-
gress Is getting ready 10 do what it
might as well have done year ago. We
have gotten into the war slowly. But at
asst we are in. Why not recognize that
fact! we have vast amount of man
power which is not being used efficiently
FOR war purposes. Why not employ 1t
energetically to win the war?
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
Evening Up

FROM The Chicago Evc,.ing POST
The All Highest is not getting very far
with his submarine war in American waters.
tauthorities estimate that through
the "lightless nights in New York the coun-
try has saved more money than it has lost
through all the U-boat sinkings along the
Atlantic coast.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
No Questions Asked

From The HalJar Chronicle
"The Kansas City Star" is not far a,trav
when it afarms that Austria would be will
ing to lose this war and let whoever find, Il
it keep it.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
A New Superwoman

tFrom The Washington, Stds)
Pride in feminine attainments makes no
boast Of the fact that Bertha krupp is the
leading gYnwoman Of the world.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-21
Dessiatines

The enormous holdings of state lands
are largely tremendous stretches Of for
est and steppes, ard relatively unculti-
vated. AS to the so-called "private lands"
here enumerated, it is estimated by
competent authority that 22 per cent
about, are i'll the hands of the peasants,
the richer peasants, as they are called
1t therefore appears that if we add these
to the other peasant holdings formally
entered as such something like one-half.
if not more, of the total land under cul-
tivation in European Russia in the year
1905 was held by the peasants. Not to
exceed one-quarter of it was held in the
larger states. This was twelve years
before the revolution,' and, therefore,
does not tally with Mr.. Frederic C.
Howe's statement of "the facts"
Mr. Howe goes on to say:
These conditions determine for US the
only possible line of action that lies open
to the Allied governments. Our only
hope in Russia lies with the revolution
ary groups.
"The only possible class in Russia with
which we can identify our interests is the
class of peasant proprietors now coming
into existence, who number 90 pe,. cent
of the population"
Mr.. Howe.s information on this latter
point appears also to date as late as
about the year 1851. The census figures
for 1912 show the partitions of the Rus
sian population into classes or "castes"
as follows:
Per cent.
Nopiil1y ana offfclals ............... 15
NieFgy Observation-Disclosures. 8
Merchants and city notables. ... S
City folk (bourgeoisie) e)......... 1o7
Peasants III
oossachs '..'...'. .'....."............ 23
O'he' - '.'''.... ................. ia
But of the so-called peasant group"
it appears that for the most part man
may be still called peasant even if he
has resided in city for two generations
or more.
The industrial classification of the
census for 1912 was as follows:
Per cent
Officials and professionals ....... ia
Army Observation-Disclosures.
Church, ETC. ............., 6
Domestics and day workers .... rs
Industries and mines ........... 9.6
Commerce and railroads ... 49,
Agriculture, forest industries, fishing
and hunting ................... TAG
Another of Mr.. Howe's discoveries is
that:
'srhe Soviet is the natural form of gov
ernmcnt in Russia. 1t is merely making
constitutional the old community Mir, an
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-22
j. 8. ARMY NOW
NUMBERS OVER
TWO MILLIONS
Million Sufficiently Trained
For Europe, Wait Trans
ports to Carry Them
Over Says Caldwell.
international News Service;

International News Service:
WASHINGTON, May 22.-Ninety
thousand American soldiers were
transported TO Europe during the
first 10 days OF May Rep. Caldwell
Of New York announced on the floor
OF the house this afternoon
The American army now number
2.03S,222, according 10 figures sup
Piled today by the war department.
Caldwell said. OF the total 14S.328
are officers and 1.S89S94 enlisted
men.
To-day we have an army Of more
than 1000. 900" he added. "of which
500, 600 have already been shipped
10 France and a million more have
had the necessary training TO mt
them for foreign service. These are
now waiting for boats TO carry them
over"
Notwithstanding that the appro-
priation measure now pending is TO
support an army of only 5000, 900
men. I am confident that before
many months deficiency appropria-
tions will be necessary" Caldwell
continued. I'VE viii probably have
between 100000 and 100000 men
befoce the next fiscal year. The
potential man power of America for
a scven-year var may he conserva-
lively estimated at 2O.OOO.0OO hght-
irg men Of recognized military age
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-22
HOLLAND STILL
PROTESTS U.s.. ACT
Asserts Ship Seizure is Not
Justified Under InternatiOn-
al Law Regulations.
-nternational News Service.

International News Service.
WASHINGTON, May % - Hol-
land does not consider that the
United States satisfactorily justified
its seizure Of Dutch ships which
were taken over in American ports
and now are in the American trans
port service. In a lengthy com
munication 10 the state department
replying 10 the original explanation
made by the United States affirming
its right 20 make the seizure under
international law, Holland has taken
the position that the reasons set
forth therein We're not sufficient
under international law 10 Justify
the action. Holland. il is under
stood. specifically points out why IL
believes the United States was in
the wrong. The text of the reply is
withheld at present II is under
stood that the Dutch reply leaves
the way open for a continuation Of
the negotiations
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-22
HINDENBURG CAN 7
SP RIM c SURPRISE
Concentrates Efforts on In
tense ThOrOughneSS to
Achieve His Success.
International News Service /:

international News Service:
LONDON. May % 80 Field Mar
.hal Won Hindenburg, the German
chief of staff, has no hope of spring
ing another surprise in resuming
the offensive in the west, so is con-
centrating his efforts with intense
thoroughness in an attempt to
achieve success. according 10 the de-
claratiOn made by staff officer.
The allied aviators continue their
harassing flights. over the enemy
lines and the recent air successes are
the best that the allied airmen have
achieved since the beginning Of the
war
Since the lines were solidihed on
the Picardy and Flanders fronts the
allies have scored numerous minor
successes, particularly in rectifying
their positions
The capture of German prisoners
in trench raids has yielded valuable
information.
Confidence is the keynote. al
though naturally there is a certain
amount of nervousness until the
next blow falls