davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
TO TAKE FIRM STAND
Troubles in ireland Cause Amerl-
can Officials Concern.
Necessity of Some Action Is Impressed
Upon Washington by Recent
Meetings Here.

Washington, May 22.-The United
States government, according to In.
dications, will soon make clear fts
attitude toward the latest develop
ments in the Irish situation.
Resolutions adopted by recent Irish
mass meetings in this country and
the reported approaching visit to
Washington of the lord mayor of Dub
lin are understood to impress upon
administration officials the necessity
for some action.
State department officials declined
flatly to discuss a report from Lon
don, that some of the evidence upon
which Sim Fein leaders were arrest
ed had been gathered here
In any statement that may be made
regarding Ireland it is understood
that the United States government
will take a firm position with due
regard to the fact that American sol
diers are fighting with the British in
France against the common enemy.
London, May 21.-"We understand
the government has conclusive eyi.
dence," says the Daily Mail, in re-
gard to the Irish arrests. "The dan
ger to the Allied cause should not
be underestimated. The Germans
clearly hoped that at the supreme
moment of the gigantic offensive
which they are now preparing the
Sim Fein would hamper our forces
and distract our efforts by a great in
surrection in Ireland"
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
British Drive Germans From
Vantage Point In Flanders Sec.
tor Taking Prisoners.
COUNTERBlOW FAILURE
German Artillery Active In Lens and
Albert Regions But infantry
Makes No Move-French
Make Advance.

London, May 22.-Northwest Of
Merviile In the Flanders salient
the British improved. their posi-
tions, the war office announced.
Thirty prisoners and six machine
guns were taken by the British In
this operation. A counterattack
on the new position launched
early today after a period OF
heavy shelling was crushed by the
British.
London, May 22.-Delay in the
launching of the expected German
offensive apparently is giving Allied
troops little concern as they improve
their positions here and there by
strong local attacks. Whether the
Germans are prepared to renew the
heavy fighting is not yet clear. but
strangely they do not react against
the Anglo-French nibbling tactics.
On the Lys front between Mont
KENNEL and the heights of Mont
Rouge and Scherpenberg, the French
have greatly improved their positions
in forward movement along a front
OF two miles. >sAEot only were impor
tant gainsf it. but more than 400
German prise ) were captured. The
enemy has made no counterat
to retake the village of Ville-Sur-Ancre
on the Somme front, captured in Q
gallant attack by the Australians
Sunday.
The Pritisn carried out an operation
IN which they cleared out small Ger
No" salient that projected into their
fines northwest of Merville, neal
Nieppe wood.
British Harasslng Enemy.
Between the Sommc and Arras the
| British ere harassi3o the Germans by
rushing their outposts and the French
have been succeesf in similar opera
tions in the region Of Rheims in the
| Champagne. The German artillery fire
| is especially violent on the sector
south of the Somme and north o
| Bethune northwest of Arras. To BE
| thune has come the fate OF so man,
DtHeT IOWnS anu CllleS Ol mortimer!
France and ii is now a mass of ruin
as result of the German bombal d
ment
There is no letup in the intens,
aerial activity. British aviators hav
destroyed q German machines an,
driven down three others cut Of cor
troll as well as burning three balloons
Landau In Germany Bomoarded.
Bombing squadrons also are busy bc
hind the German lines, AMI ton o
bombs was dropped on Landau, NORTH
west of Karlsruhe on the Rhine Seva,
al fires were started
On the Italian an Macedonia
fronts there have been strong patro
| actions
In their raid on London, the Gel
mans lost five airplanes. Two other
are reported to have been brougf
down at sea.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
FORM FIRST U. S. ARMY
Initial American Field Force Or
ganized In France.
Consist of Approximately 100000 Men
Americans Put Boches to
Flight.

Washington, May 22.-Ameri-
cas- first field army, approx
mateiy 100000 men, has been
formed In France. II is under
stood to consist of two army
corps of three divisions each
with Col. A. w. Bomstad as chief
Of staff. Major General Hunter
Liggett is understood to COM
mand one of the army corps.
Army officers here, however, be-
lieve that Liggett, being senior, will
command the field army and Major
General Chares T. Menoher, who has
been commander Of the Rainbow divi-
sion, will command one of the army
corps Both field and corps COM
manders are expected to receive the
rank of lieutenant general by act of
congress when Pershing makes his
recommendations.
100000 In Each Corps.
The American division, of which II
is understood there will be three to
a corps, consists of 10000 men. In
addition, however, each corps has
some 10000 corps troops" heavy ar.
tillery, cavalry and pioneer regiments
and aero squadrons-making each
corps approximately 100000 men.
Unless the British army is greatly
reinforced in the next two or three
months it is likely that by Aug. l the
number Of United States troops in
France will closely approximate the
size of Haigs forces now facing the
Germans.
U. S. Makes Giant Strides.
This startling revelation of gigantic
strides being made by this country
in putting men on the firing line came
from authoritative circles here.
Brigading of American troops with
the British continues. Presumably
men from the National Army are TAX
ing their place with the British.
Formation OF the field army is &C
complished by use of seasoned troop.
which have been in France for a Ions
period.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
$50, 900 IN NEW DRAFT CLASS

Washington. May 22.-Estimates by
Major General E. II. Crowder, provost
marshal general, indicate that proba
bly, 100000 men will be obtained foi
the army by registration June of a.
youths who have attained 21 years
of age since June last.
Fully 100000 youths, according tC
General Crowder's estimate. will be
registered. At least one-fourth o.
them he thinks, will be exempted or
various grounds.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
OIL TANKER REPORTED LOST
Navy Department Officially Notified
But Details Lacking.

Washington, May 22.-Loss of the
American tanker William Rockefeller
at sea has been officially reported to
the navy department. Details are
lacking, but a supplementary report
has been promised. The department
is Withholding an announcement oi
the loss until it publishes the casual
ties involved.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
SIX NORTHWEST MEN NAMED
Well Known American Aviator Listed
As Missinu

Washington, May 22.-Six northwest
men were named in the last casualty
list. Captain James Norman Hall of
Colfax, Iowa. now is reported miss
ing in action" Captain Hall, one OF
the best known American fliers, some
time ago had been reported killed. He
was brought down behind the German
lines May and reports from the
American Lorraine sector says he Is
In an enemy hospital, wounded. but
not seriously. Other northwest men
mentioned are:
Wounded severely, Corporal Frank
Hertes, Fountain City. Wis: Irwin E.
Mccormack, Donnybrook. N. D.; Adam
V. Mixtacki, Pulaski, Wis.
Wounded slightly-Privates Elmer
L. Dokken. Palermo, N. d.; Lionel n.
Johnson, Minot, N. D.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
SABOTAGE WAR IN NORTHWEST
Planned BY I. w. w. Evidence In
Trial Shows.

Chicago, May Minneapolis was
the center from which the powerful
agricultural branch of the l. w.
w. last summer and fall conducted
a campaign of sabotage and terror.
ism which 1t tried to spread over
all the great farming region of the
northwest, according to correspond
ence placed in evidence at the trial
Of /. w. w. leaders, charged with vio-
lating the espionage act, in. United
States District Judge Kennesaw M.
lands court.
The purpose OF the farm sabotage
in the northwest was twofold-to keep
down food production and thus dis
rupt the governments war program,
and the place the hundreds OF farm.
ers in Minnesota and the Dakotas at
the mercy Of the I. w. w. demands.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
I. 4. 4. + 4. i + + + + + +
220,7O9 TONS OF
BRITISH SHIPS SUNK

: London, May 22-Allied, other
: than British and neutral mer-
: chant ships, lost during April
+ totalled S4,393' tons. the ad-
! miralty announces.
. During the same period the
+ loss In British tonnage was
: 220,709. This Is the first bull
!. letin issued by the admiralty
: ssince the announcement of
+ April "a that monthly re-
+ ports would be- substituted for
7 weekly losses.
:. =. 4. r. q 4 q. =. a. =. 4. = =
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22

Camp Dodge, Des Moines, May 22.-
Col. George r. Greene, commanding
the 337th field artillery, has been or
dered before a board of medical of.
ficers for examination to determine
his physical fitness for overseas serv
ice. Colonel Greene commands the
regiment, which was primarily an all
Minneapolis organization. He is rec
ognized as one of the best qualified
artillery officers in the service. Be
fore the present war and during the
Mexican trouble. Colonel Greene VA
mastering officer at Fort SuellinG
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
WILSON'S MESSAGE CHEERS
French People Rejoice at Encourage.
ment From America.

Paris, May 22.-The message from
President Wilson to the French peo-
pie, sent through a personal friend,
James Kerney, director of the Franco
American committee on public infor.
nation, was made a leader In all
the morning papers, most OF them
printing it in boxes, and many COM
menting editorially in terms which
show that the Presidents words OF
solidarity have reached the hearts
of the people.
I'VE have crossed" writes Senator
Hnry Berenger. in the Paris Midi
"the difficult stage Of holding out at
all costs until American efforts filled
the horrible void due to Russian de.
fection"
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
TAKE cnrrDnxn our or DArarn.

If you saw child on 9 railroad track
you would endeavor to remove the littlG
one from danger. When q child II ''snuf-
fing' or coughing, isn't 1t your duty to
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
DUTCH SHIPS CANNOT SAIL

HoItdnu OUVeTHHeHt Tuts EHfudrUU OH
All Steamships.
The Hague, May 22.-The Dutch
government has prohibited the sail
ings of all Dutch steamships from
Dutch ports. Sailing vessels and
coastal fishing craft are excepted from
the ruling.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
Swedish Envoy ostracized.

Toxic, May 22.-Following his com
plete ostracism by ENJOYS of all Of
the Allied nations and under circum
stances which have aroused the great
est comment in official circles, Swe
dish Minister Wallenberg has left
Toxic for Stockholm For the last
two months all of the Allied Ambas.
sadors. including those OF America,
Great Britain and France have refused
to associate with Wallenberg. At diplo
matte funrtions they have ignored
him, declining 10 speak TO hin OF
exchange the usual social courtesiaA
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1918-05-22
Charles w. Fairbanks III.

Indianapolis, May 22.-Forver Vice
President Charles Warren Fairbanks
is critically Ill at his home here. His
children have been summoned to his
bedside. Late reports said that he
was sinking.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
LONDON SUSPICIOUS

While the London public today seemed generally disposed to await an authoritative lead before form ing a definite opinion on the Ger man reply to President Wilson, ex- pressions of suspicion of Ger manys purpose were heard onsail sides "UnconditionaI surrender" as the allied response, seemed to be readily gaining in popularity with the average citizen as the note was discussed.
 The text or the German reply to President Wilson's note reached the British foreign office this morning from the British min- fster at The Hague. Foreign Sec retary Balfour and Andrew Bo- mar Law, the chancellor of the ex- chequer, immediately left with it to confer with Premier Lloyd ! George, who is spending the week end in the country
 ,. AWAITS WILSON'S ACTION At this juncture; it is unlike ly that any responsible British minister will make any detailed
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

It's publication in the morning newspapers. however. expressions of suspicion were held on all sides. Many searched the note for some evidence that it might be ruse tos save the German armies from utter destruction. but most of the people are awaiting an authori- tative statement before forming a definite opinion.
 "Unconditional surrender is rapidly gaining popularity with the average citizen as a response to the German document. and many would not be satisfied with anything less. This feeling is &C., centuated by the German attempt to destroy CamDrai and the rag ing of villages Dy the enemy in his great retreat. as well as be the sinking of the Leinster--a,l these being acts from which no military advantage could be gained.
 The reply did not surprise sol diers on furlough from the front. Officers and privates alike are firm in the opinion that the Ger man has received a knockout blow and knows 1t. and is willing to save anything possible from the wreck The churches were crowd ed this morning in the expectation
 Continued on Page Two.)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
ALLIES SUSPICIOUS OF GERMAN REPLY French Press Suggests Surrender to Marshal Foch President Wilson's Decision Is Eagerly AlUaitee
NO WASHINGTON COMMENT;
 OFFICIAL TEXT AWAITED

Washington, October 13-The official text of the German note had not arrivedin Washing ton early this evening and in the absence of President Wilson, all officials continued to re- serve comment. There was no change in the opinion that there is much in the document to be considered before a line of action can be ac- curately forecast.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
BIG GUNS CRASH AND RIFLES CRACK;
 SAMM|ES' ANSWER
 ID PEACE MESSAGE
Allies Regard That Their Part of Great Drama
 Still Is to Fight

With the American Army North a.-(By the Associated Press.) The synchronixed crash of the bis guns and the crackling of rifles and autOmaticS on the greater pnri of the American front today re- flected the attitude of the army as regards Germany's announcement that she is willing to accept Pres ident Wilson's peace terms. 1t was Oi viOus that the forces of Germany and the allies, particularly the al- lies, regarded that their part in the great drama is still to fight.
 Whether the news of their gOv- ernment's announcement of will lfnGness to c0ncede President Will sons terms has reached the Ger mans Is not known, hut the great CT part of the American army was given as carly as possible all i'm formation in possession of general Headquarters. From corps head quarters the news was sent out to division Headquarters and front there to the men in reserve pO- siti0ns and on to the firing line.
 The effect was what might have been expected. There were rare i'm stances of outbursts of enthusi- astic cheering. hut for every man who so displayed his emotion there were 100 whose only comment was an expression of doubt as to the honesty of Germany's intentions.
 There was nothing fin the days operations to convince the Amer jeans that the war was over. Be- fore daylight the Germans dis played more than usual activity in sheIling certain positions. East and west of the Mouse they brought up fresh forces and cOun- ter attacked. All of them broke down before the violent firing of the Americans.
 As the day wore on the fight ing developed greater intensity along the western part of the line. but 1t was confined almost wholly to the artillery wings, the Amer lean fire attaining the prOp0r- tfons of barraRe. although 1t was not followed up by infantry at- tack.
 An increased percentage of de- tectfve ammunition appears to nave been used by the Germans. Mont t'nucon was sheIled rather heavily. hut check late today showed that 90 per cent of the mis- siles were ssduds."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

declaration on the decision aris- ing from Germany's reply to tho American President. The next step se, ms to be for the Presi- dent to consult with the allies for general consideration of the German answer.
 On the face of it the German note, according to an authorita- tfve source, seems to be an ac- ceptance not only of the points of the Presidents declaration in January, but also of his subse- Y uuent statements. It may thus be said to look as if the Germans meant acceptance, but of course, it was pointed out. the real diff culty is that Germany has hith- erto shown an utter disregard to obligations to speak the truth or keep her word. The phrasing of the note, it is held, does not make it definitely clear if the Presi- dents terms are accepted out right or are only regarded as a basis for discussion.
 UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER
 The reply was received in Lon s~don too late last night to become generally known outside of the theatre and restaurant sections, where. at first glance, it was a.- cepted as meaning peace. After
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
Summary of the News

1-Lfberty Loan must go "over top" Whole German front cracks. President expected to decide. -Congress expected to discuss Gcr-
 many's reply.
 Armistfce means loss Of war; says
 Senator Lodge. 3-Day's casualty list.
 German official really admits
 French success. 4--Editcriai features and comment. 5-InhabItants witness aerial exhtbf-
 ton.
 Liberty Loan drive. Dr. Nevfield to act. '8-Hum of industry fin south. S-To put into effect new food pro-
 Eramme.
 Minnesota and Wisconsin forest
 Dgoe take death toll of 800.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

If the President puts the proposi- tion before the entente it nndoubted- ly will draw quick reply. Dispatches London Express as announcing that the British, French and Italian gov ernments had reached unanimous decision for a line of common action, were regarded as being deeply sig nificant.
 Lacking official guidance on which
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

to base prediction, observers are forced to record indications. The in- dication are that there will be no armistice, and that if the entente allies were disposed to agree to one they probably would demand as guar antees of good faith that such places as Metz, Strasburg, Trieste and pos sibly Essen be placed in the hands of entente forces to guarantee fulfillment of Germany's words. If Germany ex-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
Liberty Loan Must Go "Ouer the Top'' SaysSecretaryBaker
"The Army Is Doing All a Proud and Crate full Country Could Ask" Says War Head
 Upon Return From the Battlefields

Washington October 13Secretary Baker returned from today with the that the Liberty Loan must the top whatever the result of posas.
 This the only comment the secretary would make the His only explanation of his trip shows that taken to pave the way for a greater scale.
 "The could ask, MT Baker said reaching Washington tonight d the has of complete The al the result ss<
 "The Liberty the both of gratitude pl defense of liberties and Germany that people home
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

also count It is commented that there is no doubt Germany found herself faced with the loss of the bulk of her army. caught in the pin eers of the advancing allied armies without any assurance of their es- capirig. and thus the view is taken in some quarters that the terms Of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
LIEUT.. HIGGINS DIES
 AT CAMP TAYLOR

Montgomery, October 13-Information was received here tonight of the death at the artillery officers training school, Camp Zachary Taylor, Louisville, Ky, of Herbert A. Higgins from pneumonia, following influenza. Higgins wa 2S years of age and a member of a promi- nent Montgomery family
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

B. cune had notb n night probably will
  from pepa G o mi this time. O the n Associated enabled jews rapy yystaiz and be than may be is F h o in
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER


is her
 worded it nretm in evage l. il
 aod Hhy pc vi how ft y d n occupation Al express liar
 IaddN N Q . Bismarck 1MH, is nponhd bysom h. ~ h.c
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

poets that by agreeing to the evacua- tion of occupied territories she will exact the evacuation of German col- ones occupied by entente forces Ger man statesmen have made another mistake. A reference to President Wilson's inquiry shows that he spoke distinctly in reference to invaded ter ritory occupied by troops of the cen tral powers.
 When the American capital recov- cred it's balance after the surprise of
 Continued on Page Eight
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
GOVERNMENT ASKS PEOPLE TO
 WITHHOLD THEIR JUDGMENT

Washington, October 13-The government asks the American people to withhold their judgment on Germany's note until President Wilson has received the official communication, and has had opportunity to consider it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
Canadian Steamer Grounds

A Canadian Port. october ls.-Passen- gers were removed tonight from a Ca nadisn steamer which grounded near here today. A report from the wreck says the steamer had several feet of water in her hold.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
FRANCE AND BRITAIN

While counting at least a nominal acceptance of President Wilson's terms as great step toward the abject surrender of Germany, the point enters into the discussions here that the terms of Great Britain and it's dominions as we'll as of France
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

Paris October IS. ? p. m.-General Mangin's army operating in the vicin- ity of Laon resumed it's advance this morning. The French Fifth army, which yesterday drove in several miles
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14
FRENCH ARMY RESUMES ADVANCE

on the Champagne front north of the Retourne, is continuing it's progress lnsthe direction of the important rail- way Junction of Rethel The German resistance to these advances is ro- ported to be slackening
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

vouzieres Is a town of 5000 inhabitants. It commands two defiles in the forest region eastward and is of no great nlli- itary importance in itself. The signifi- canoe Of the capture arises from the fact that since 1914 1t has symbolzed German resistance in northern France. Won kluck to take Paris. said: But the French
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-14

will never retake Vouziers,'' meaning not merely the inconsequential town of that name. but the entire system of German defense along the Aisne.
 But Eouziers has been taken, the line of the Aisne has crumbed and the Hin- denburg line has been demolished at several places in this region. The Ger
 tContinued on Page Two.l