The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-01-03
THE WORLD WAR.

still at death grips, with less prospect
OF an early peace than was thought TO
exist a year ago.
Undoubtedly the greatest develop
ment of the year was the entrance oil
the United States of America into the
conflict. The throwing OF the tire
mendous resources and man power OF
the American republic into the balance
on the side Of the entente allies, in the
opinion of military experts, has more
than offset the advantages gained by
Germany and her allies during the past
twelve months and has made possible
the continuance Of the conflict until
time when a definite military decision
can be obtained.
There have been a half dozen or
more outstanding events In the past
year. Some of these have been OF
purely military significance and others
have been occurrences Of a political ma
ture which have had far-reaching ef-
feet upon the titanic conflict.
Chief among the political upheavals
Of the year was the Russian revolution
which resulted in the overthrow of
Gar Nicholas and eliminated during
the closing months of the year In
counter-revolution which practically
eliminated Russia from the ranks OF
the nations opposed to the central pow
ers. From military standpoint the
chief events of the year have been
the launching of the German ruthless
submarine campaign, which was d.
rectly responsible for the entry Of the
United States into the war; the Brit
ish offensiyes on the west front, first
In the Arras sector, later in Flanders
and still later on the 35-mile front be
tween Arras and St Quentin; the ltal-
Ian offensive against Austria from
Tolmlno to the Adrlatlc and the sub
sequent offensive of the Germans and
Austrians against Italy, which resulted
In the overrunnng Of northern Italy
by the TeutOnic allies.
The entry of China, Cuba Brazil,
Siam and other countries into the war
on the side OF the entente allies, the
overthrow Of King Constantine of
Greece on the demand of France and
Ter allies and other events important
10 themselves were overshadowed by
the greater Developments Of the year.
American Peace Effort Fails.
As the year opened The only military
movements of importance In progress
we're those aimed by Germany and her
allies to complete the annihilation Of
Roumana and attention was centered
upon the request that had been made
by President Wilson that the various
belligertht nations state the terms up
Oh when peace might be discussed
The repNes seemed TO preclude any
further sctl0n by the United States SIS
pcacenakcr, but on January % Pres
idcnt Wilson in an address before the
senate laid down the principles which
he declared should guide the United
States In participating In Il league to
enforce peace at the close of the pres
ent war
On January 81. Germany announced
the Inauguration of ruthless submarine
warfare.
President Wilson acted promptly,
Reyering diplomatic relations with
Germany on February g.
The Cunard liner LuConia was sunk
without warning Off the Irish coast
February 70 with the loss of l3 lives.
including those Of two American WON
en-.
on February 2S It was announced
that the United States government was
I'm possession of communication ad-
dressed by the German foreign minis
ter TO the German minister at Mex
eco City, instruCting him 10 pro-
pose an alliance between Germany
and Mexico, and to suggest that
o. soon az war with the United States
was cerran, the president of Mexico
communicate with Japan, offering to
mediate between Japan and Germany.
As Il reward Mexico was promised gen
eral financial support from Germany
and the reconquest Of lost territory In
TeNns, New Mexico and Arizona.
The United States House of Repre-
sentatIyes, March ], passed the Flood
bill, giving the president the right to
arm American merchant ships. but
the measure died with the Siyty-fuurth
congress on March 4 as result of n
fIibuster engineered by dozen mem.
beers OF the senate.
President Wilson entered upon hls
second term March anu IN his Ia.
eugural address on tie following day
took stand In favor of armed neu.
truh's.
The United States department Of
state announced, March H.. that II
bad determined to place armed guards
upon all American merchant vessels
sailing through the German war zone
March IA, It was learned thut IA.
American steamship Algonquin haC
been sunk without warning by Ger
man s-bmarne. On the same dn,
China severed diplomatic relation,
with Germany and seized German mer
chant ships IN the harbor at Shanghai
Gar Nicholas Dethroned.
On March 10, the Russian reyou
tionary movement, which had brgui
with food riots and strikes. eliminate,
H. the abdieation Of Car NlchOlas botl
for himself and his son Pending lh
meeting Of constituent assembly til,
government was vested In the eXeeu
tive committee Of the Duma and
newly chosen council Of ministers viii
Prince Lyon as premier
The German forces on the ives
front, on March H. began genera