The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-11-25
MEN, WOMEN
 AND THINGS

scientific management" has been a popular expression in the industrial world since the hearing in the eastern rate case in 1910. As everybody has heard of it, and only few know what 1t is, have taken the trouble to try and post myself sufficiently to give some idea of it's meaning.
 I take up the question at this time the great problems facing us even after the winning of the war, and anything which will better mobilize the men for greater efficiency in turning out a great CT output is the clarion call of the hour.
 Scientific management has been much discussed and applied to many concerns since the eastern rate case. The pub- Iicity and discussions started since the hearing has been the scattering of these applications among a remarkably broad and diversified list of industries with results which have astonished the busi- ness world,
 For 95 years the late Frederick W. Taylor devoted all his genius and all his energy to the development of that type of management which came to be known as ."scientific mana nagement." For more than score of years he was continu- ously engaged in applying his methods to various kinds of manufacturing es- tablishments, and during the last IA years of his life he and his co-workers made the movement the subject of a definite propaganda.
 Taylor developed the system of analyz- ing motions of operators with the ob- ject of establishing one standard method of performing a given task with the least number of motions, and. hence in the shortest possible time. The case of Schmidt, the pig iron handler. who was, investigated. tabulated and reduced to a law by two engineers of national reputation and two college students. Is an example of what scientific manage ment' did in the increased handling of pig iron. The same method was applied to brick laying and other trades, as well as forms of manual labor. NY
 The Taylor system is no longer an ex- pertinent, for it has made good in more than a dozen states of the union, and has been tried out in more than 150 va rious forms of industries, including mu- nicipal, public service corporations, con- | [St, ,;o department store, one bank, four publish ing houses, and one professional society. The fact that it has made good in rail- road and steamship companies has prov en that it can be used successfully in the great war industries.
 While scientific management" as l stated above, has been used effectively in varied types of business, the most Substantial improvements have been se- cured in machine shop works, where the highly technical nature of the factors involved has given special warrant for the assistance of expert investigators. Nothing is more common than instances Of twofold and threefold increases in output rom the same machine and the same workman. Increases of even from seven to 10 times are not rare. With machines other than machine tools, how ever. the increases have not been so large.
 l The. most complete and frank discus sion of total results is found in the re- ports of General Crozier. chief of the ordnance in the American army, made before the war, on the operation of the Taylor system in the government arse nals, which show during one year: Saw ings from improved shop management and the premium system, $40, ,4619s; sav- ings resulting. from the use of surplus stock, sl22, ,7ss6l, making total saving of more than | third of million dollars.