davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16
ORIGINAL NOTICE.

In the District Court of the state cf
Iowa for Winneshiek county,
February Term, 1918.
Everett H. Tollefson plaintiff, VS.. the
unknown claimants of the west
half of the northwest quarter,
and the northwest quarter of
the southwest quarter of section
nine CO., township one hundred
Goo, Range Nine 60 west OF
the 9Th p. NJ, and William
Parkhurst, James N. Barlow,
julius w. Elliott, e. r. kellogg
& Company, Buford & Tate,
John w. Shultz, Daniel G. KEEL
log, Henry Nicholson, Joseph S.
Mclaughlin and Lucy NJ. Nc
Laughlin, his wife, Joseph Nc
Laughlin, Jr., and Lucy Nc
Laughlin, Marcus Mclaughlin,
Anna Bell Mclaughlin, Perry A.
Wanless, oliver Wanless, Leon
ard Standing, and Ira Hubbell,
Defendants.
To the unknown claimants of the
west half of the northwest quarter.
and the northwest quarter of the
southwest quarter of section nine
co, township one hundred (10O),
range nine 60, west of the 9Th p
NJ, and William Parkhurst, James
n. Barlow, julius W. Elliott. r.. R..
kellogg & Company, Buford & Tate,
John w. Shultz, Daniel G. Kellogg,
Henry Nicholson, Joseph S. Nc
Laughlin, and Lucy M. Mclaughlin,
his wife, Joseph Mclaughlin, Jr., and
Lucy Mclaughlin, Marcus McLaugh-
lin, Anna Bell Mclaughlin, Perry A.
Wanless, Oliver Wanless, Leonard
Standring, and Ira Hubbell, defen-
dants:
You and each of you are hereby
notified that there is now on file in
the office of the Clerk of the District
Court of the state of Iowa for Win
neshiek county the petition of Ever
EFT H. Tollefson, plaintiff, in which
he alleges that he is the owner in
fee simple of the West Half of the
Northwest Quarter and the North
west Quarter of the Southwest Quart
er of Section 9, Township 100, Range
8 West of the 5th p. NJ, Winneshiek
County, Iowa; and that you make
some claim adverse to plaintiffs es-
tuIC III anu W oilu pi ClllioOo, anu tilO L
the claim of the unknown claimants
arises as heirs at law, devisees, lega-
tees, successors, assignees, or sur
viving spouses of one or more of the
defendants above named OF in some
other manner unknown to the plain
tiff, and that the plaintiff cannot state
more specifically the nature or extent
of the claims of the defendants,
known or unknown. Plaintiff alleges
that he and his grantors have been
in open, exclusive, notorious, and adj
verse possession of all of said real
estate under color of title and claim
of right for more than ten years last
passed, and that whatever claim or
interest the defendants, known or
unknown, may have had or may claim
to have in or to said premises, or to
any part thereof, is fully barred by
the statute of limitations, and that
the names and residences of the un-
known claimants are unknown to
plaintiff although he has sought dill
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16
NOTICE OF APPOINTMENT.

Notice of the appointment of an
administrator of the estate of Inge-
borg NJ. Smedsrud deceased
Notice is hereby given, that the
subscriber has been duly appointed
administrator OF the estate of Inge-
borg NJ. Smedsrud, late of DEBORAH
township, in the county of Winnie
shiek, state Of Iowa, deceased, intes-
tate, and has taken upon himself
that trust by giving bonds as the
law directs. All persons having de-
mands upon the estate of the said de-
ceased are required to exhibit the
same; and persons indebted to said
estate are called upon to make pay
ment to
ALBERT ATKINSON,
Administrator.
Dated at DEBORAH, Iowa, Jan. 2,
1918. E. r. ACRES, Attorney. law
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16
CONOVER.

Jan. IA, 1918.
Lewis Mikesh of near Conover was
a caller in this town Monday.
John and George Huber of near
Spillville were passengers for Decor
ah Tuesday.
Mrs. H. Cooper, Mrs. r. Heuser
and Mr.. f. Heuser of Spillville, were
business callers in DEBORAH Tuesday.
Joe Frana and son Adolph and J.
Humpal of near Conoyer were in this
town Tuesday evening.
G.. II. Cummings sold three calves
to Geo. Huber of near Spillville, Tues
day, Geo Cummings and son drove
the calves to Spillville and then Geo.
Huber took them home Wednesday,
Albert Sobolik was caller in Cal
mar Wednesday.
Miss Stella Phillip was a visitor at
tie home Of her sister, Mrs. A. Humpal
in Calmar Wednesday.
John Zoulek of Spillville was seen
in this town one day last week
William Phillip hauled load OF
grain to Calmar Thursday
John Soukup of Spillville made a
trip to Marion last week.
Ben Harold was a passenger for
DEBORAH Saturday.
Mrs. VIM Swehla of Mason City,
came to Spillville for a visit with
relatives.
Geo. Kafer returned home to Per-
ham, Mimi, after a visit with his
mother and sister in Spillville.
Miss Mary Petrick returned home
to Cresco one day last week after
spending the holidays with home
folks.
Mr.. and Mrs. liver Findley of Plazo,
N. D. are visiting at Theo. Thomp-
sons home of near Conover.
Andrew Olson of st. Paul, Mimi,
lis visiting his brother in this ~town
Mrs. Albert Sobolik was a passen-
ger for Calmar Monday.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16

gently to learn the same. Plaintiff
asks that his title to said premises as
against the claims of the defendants,
known and unknown, be quoted, and
for other equitable relief.
You are further notified that I'M
less you appear thereto and defend
on or before noon of the second day
OF the February term, 1918, of said
court which will begin and be held at
the court house in DEBORAH, Iowa on
the 4th day of February, 1913, de-
fault will be entered against you and
Judgment and decree rendered there
on as prayed.
PICKETT, SWISHER & FARWEhL,
law. Attorneys for Plaintiff,
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16
BLUFFTON.

JAN. A, 1918.
We have been having some pretty
cold weather with very little snow.
Johnny MARI of Cresco called on
Mr.. Brittendall the first of the week.
Mrs. Paddle O'Briel visited Mrs.
Edith Bergman and Mrs. Daisy Berg
man Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ezra Reed of Burr
Oak were Button callers Tuesday af-
ternoon. Mrs. Reed called on Mrs.
Will LaIige and Mrs. Brittendall.
Johnny McCauley autoed to Decor
all Wednesday on business, his
daughter Pearl accompanied him.
Will LANCE butchered beef a few
days ago.
Lydia Johnson assisted Mrs. John
Wernet last week with her work.
H. Mercy is having the wood saw
ers today.
RUDE Wilbur and family aid Mrs.
II. Shelley visited relatives in Bluffton
Thursday.
Chas. Burgess autoed Mrs. jack
son to Cresco one day this last week.
She was operated on Friday morning
and went through with it all right
and was doing nicely the. last report.
Her son Eddie accompanied her out
there and also went out Friday to see
his mother. We all hope for her spec
dy recovery
Fred Lenheart was shopping in
our burg Saturday evening.
Terry O'Brien went to DEBORAH Fri
dav, it was so cold and the roads so
bad that he remained down there I'M
a. Lny ,,1nGnrafa6
Dick Dinger made trip to Cresco
Friday morning to take a passenger
out
The dance they had in Button
Friday night came nearly being a
failure. on account of the weather
being so bad only few attended. We
hear they are to have it over again
a week from tonight.
There was a shower on Mary Ca
sew one evening last week.
The wedding bells are about to
ring over south of here soon.
A wedding anniversary was given
on Mr.. and Mrs. Johnny Thyme last
Thursday night by the Gossman's I'D
others held at the Gossman home SO
as to have plenty of room, 1t was
their 25th wedding anniversary.
Their gifts were lovely silyerware.
This goes to show the esteem of these
est'mable couple are held in the
hearts of their neighbors aad friends.
We all wish they may see their gol-
den wedding anniversary.
Mr.. and Mrs. Brittedall took din
ner with August Bergman and FAM
lily y esterday.
Charley Askerson of Orleans town
ship called at Augunst Bergman's
yesterday evening.
Old Mr.. John McCauley butchered
a beef last Tuesday.
Johnny McCauley made business
trip to Burr Oak last Thursday.
Luke OBrien attended church yes
terday morning over south In spite OF
the cold day.
Luke O'Brien has signed up for
Ford car. y, e see that Luke does not
intend to take a back seat.
We hear Ernest Moore has ealsted
but we have not been able to learn
in what company he has enlisted in.
Charley Askerson is here in town
having his horses shod.
Dick Dnger and Iven Linderman
are chopping wood for Aca LANCE to-
day. .
George Thayer AID wife are visit
ing relatives in Kansas and Nebras-
ka. they write that they are all taken
mn with Kansas. The weather is fine
there and we look for them home
soon.
Mrs. Dora Roberts and daughter
EVELYN concluded their visit in Bluff
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16
FRANKVILLE.


DR.. Nash was professional caller
at the Harvey home in Castalia Mon
day, his daughter Bessie accompan-
led him.
Mr.. and Mrs. James 4. kneeskern
were visitors in Decoran Tuesday af-
ter1oon.
Sherman Bollman and Geo. Letch-
ford autoed to Postville Tuesday.
Walter Van Wey IS working for
Carl Letchford near Postville.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hans Slogan made q
business trip to Tecoran Tuesday.
DR.. Roervinger was over from
Waukol Tuesday to consult with DR..
Nash in regard to little Norman Ste
gan.
Mrs. Hattie Lower had a bee We'd
nesday and Thursday to haul wood
Irving Crawford made a trip to De-
corah Thursday.
II. ]. Crawford and Rob. Waters
attended an insurance meeting in De-
corah Thursday and Friday.
Leslie White came back Thursday
to resume his school work after
nearly three weeks stay at Mabel,
Mimi.
Lyle French spent several days the
past week with friends and relatives
in DEBORAH.
Mr.. Schroeder's men from Post
Vile assisted by Lynn Crawford wir-
ed Sherman Bollman's buildings for
electric lights the past week.
Ferdinand Hilmer made business
trip to Waukon Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Glen Letchford went
to Strawberry Point Friday for
visit with relatives.
Charles Hilmer came home from
Ludlow Friday and has since been
confined to the house with la grippe.
Walter Kneeskern went to Decor
all Sunday for few days visit with
relatives and friends.
Miss Hazel Mefkle was called home
from Waukon Wednesday on account
Ct the illness of her nephew, Norman
Slogan.
Miss Ruby Nash was an over Sun
Gay visitor at home from Postville.
Mr.. CORTLAND of Des Moines is in
this locality the past week selling
silos.
MIR. and Mrs. Chris Waters and Mr..
and Mrs. Frank Cannon made a busl-
ness trip to DEBORAH Friday.
Irving Hughes is able to walk
out again with the aid of crutches.
Mrs. Ellie Schutta will entertain the
Red Cross units at her home Tues
day for an all days meeting.
The D. Y. N. T. Society will meet
with Mrs. Healey Thursday alter
noon jan. oath.
c. III. Waters attended a business
meeting of the Farmers Telephone
Company in Ravena Tuesday.
Pete and Alma Slogan of Canoe
came Wednesday for few days
stay at the Hans Slogan home. :.
The V. /. S. held business meet
ing at the home of Mrs. Rilla Letch-
ford Tuesday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ray Waters were
business callers il Postvine Friday.
viii Mcmillan of New Hampton
spent the first of the week here with
friends.
Walter Kneeskern, Mrs. Carrie
Hughes and son Clifford autoed 10
DEBORAH Wednesday.
Hobert Waters went to Austin,
Mimi, where he is employed in the
Armour's packing plant.
Mrs. Chas. Barrett and son Marvin
came home Wednesday from visit
in DEBORAH.
Ben and Christine Depping of Lud-
low visited at Will Schuttas Thurs
day.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16

Mr., Clough of McGregor has been
visiting at the Chas. and G. w. Winn
homes.
Joe Wirsching was a business cal
Ter in Ossian on Tuesday.
Mrs. Gordon came up from Post
vile on Tuesday.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16

ton and Burr Oak and Mrs. Roberts
has gone to Kansas to join her hus-
band where they will make their
home in the future.
Mr. and Mrs. Brittendall are work
ing for the interest of Uncle Sam
through this cold snap, going on two
meals a day.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16

THY Our Want Column.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16

II you want Chicago daily paper
the Tribune or Herald we will save
you money on your subscription.
Subscribe through us and We will give
you either paper for 1885, with
Public Opinion $5.15. We are send
ing in lots of subscriptions, AID will
send yours in If you wish. u
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16
NOTICE OF APPOINTMENT.

Notice of the appointment of an
administrator of the estate of Ole Oh
son Simleness deceased.
Notice is hereby given, that the
subscriber has been duly appointed
administrator of the estate of Ole
Olson Simleness late of DEBORAH
township, in the county of Winnie
shiek, state of Iowa, deceased, in
testate, and has taken upon himself
that trust by giving bonds as the law
directs. All persons having demands
upon the estate of the said deceased
are required to exhibit the same;
and persons indebted to SAID estate
are called upon to make payment TO
ALBERT ATKINSON,
Administrator.
Dated at DEBORAH, Iowa, Dec. 20,
1917.
WILLETT & NELSON,
Attorneys. Sc 1
The Des Moines Register and
Public Opinion, both one year 1928.
Call or mail your subscriptions to
this office. tt
-O-
Thy Our Want Column.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16

Try Our Want column
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1918-01-16
The Telephone Company
Appreciates Fair Treatment
From the People

the of
that this section of the much the which
distinguished
The locality greatly peoples
liberal
of
much to the people of this
Any that shows spirit public
utilities will backward The
of the making
the denial themselves opportunities individual
of
the
utilities where the attitude the people
We have endeavoed absolutely of
surrounding of
zenship
give good service enough money to
employees fair
and stockholders such
money business
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
kept PLEDGE
TO SEND BREAD
American Nation Maintained A.
lied Loaf Through Self
Denial at Home Table.
.AvERTED EUROPEAN DESPAIR.
With Military Demands Upon Ocean
Shipping Relieved, World 10 Able
to Return to Normal White
Wheat Bread.

Since the advent of the latest whea:
crop the only limitation upon Ameri,
can exports TO Europe has been the
shortage Of shipping Between July ]
and October 10 we shipped $3.50, SO5
bushels. II this rate should continue
until the end Of the fiscal year we will
have furnished the Allies with more
than 2s7 500 900 bushels Of wheat and
Hour 10 teEns Of wheat.
The result Of Increased production
and conservation efforts in the United
States has been that with the cessa.
ton Of hoStilities we are able to re.
turn " normal wheat diet Supplies
tLat have accumulated IN Australia.
Argentine and other hitherto inacces
sibie markets may be tapped by ships
rslsasrd from transport service, and
EnroHean dsnand for American wheat
probably Will Got exceed our normal
surplus. There Is wheat enough avail.
able to have white LOAF ct Che COM
mon table
But last year the tale was different.
Only ~ the greatest possible saving
and sacrifice were we able to keep a
steady stream of wheat and fouF NOV.
Ing across the sea. We found our
selves at the beginning Of the haryes
year with aR unusually short crop.
Even the most optimistic statisticians
figured that We had q bare surplus of
1000, oOo bus,elS And yet Europe
wax facing the probability of bread
famine--and In Europe bread Is by far
die most Important article IN the diet.
All VI rMs surplus had left the
country early in the fall BY the ti1st
OF the yelr We had managed 10 ship a
lftts more Than 50 0o0 600 bushels by
pracucing The uttaos; scCnor al
bone -sy whaaness days, wheatless
meals, heavy substitution Of other
cEreas AMI by sacrifice at almsst
every meal throughout the country.
La JAHuary the late Lord Rhondda,
then British Food Controller, cabled
that only II we sent an additional 75,.
ooO 100 bushels befpre July could he
take the responsibility Of assuring bis
people that they would be led.
The response OF the American pee
pie Was $1,000 900 bushels safely deIiy-
cred overseas between January and
July l. Out Of harvest which gave
~ only 10000 900 bushels surplus we
actually shipped 141, ooo,0oo bushels.
Thus did America fulfll her pledge
that the Allied bread rations could be
maintained, and already the American
people are demonstrating that with
an awakened war conscience, last
years figures will be bsttered.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BAN.
NER AUXILIARY, WALBRIpGE

Amount of money raised By Aux
iliary. S262.4l, and raised in pledges
1927 Of which most has already been
paid.
Secured more than 100 members.
We have met some opposition but
this shows us we must work harder
than ever There are few who have
not even done their bit by Joining.
but on the whole we have q band OF
willing workers
Civilian relief has been at work
helping even those who would not SO
much as boost the Red Cross. Mrs.
Sammie Clark and Mrs. Marguerite
stump being relief workers.
Sewing and knitting as follows:
Sc pairs OF socks pairs OF wrist
let's, l6 sweaters. 2 helmets, 80 petit
coats. shirts, and pairs of bed
socks.
We hope to make the next drive the
biggest yet.
SAMMIE r., CLARK, Chairman.
MARIE HOLT, Secretary.
JOCK c. SEE, Treasurer.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
Augustus Snyder II; 4: +: =
HORSEFORD.

School IL progressing nicely Al this
place with Add SkeenS. teacher
Mrs, Add Skeens and son, Scott,
were shopping at Catalpa Monday.
Misses Ruth and Aaigail Skeens
were shopping at Hulette Saturday.
Mr.. Henry Woods has returned TO
his home here from Radnor, w. Va.
Misses Ruth and Virginia Skesns OF
this place were calling on Miss Bsr-
tina LAyne OF Hulette Sunday.
The FLU IL raging at this place.
Aiss Oma Skeens was shopping in
Louisa one day last week.
Misses Abigail SkeenR Edith Al
ley and Eliza Akers were shopping at
Fullers Thursday
Saturday.
Mr.. Okla Billups and Hubert Sksens
were calling on their best girh sun
day.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
GREATEST OPPORTUNITY
WOMEN EVER HAD

II was given to the women of this
country to perform the greatest sery-
Ice in the winning of the war vouch-
safed to any women in the history OF
the wars OF the world-to feed the
warriors and the war sufferers. BY
the arts of peace, the practice of sim
pie homely virtues the womanhood of
n whole nation served humanity in its
profoundest struggle for peace and
freedom.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20

+ Sur exports since IS country !
+ entered the War have justified a :.
+ statement made By the Food Ad- :.
+ rniRlSratioA shortly after its con- :.
: ceptton, outlining the principles 4
+ aud policies that would govern :.
! the solution Of this coHntry's 1
4. Good problems. 1
+ ''The whole Foundation OF de- :.
! mSaraey," declared the Food Ad- :.
4 1iHistratlon. "lies In the indi- 4
: ytdua Initiative Of its people :.
+ and thar willingness to serve the 4
+ interests of the nation with com 4
! plete self effaeement In the time :.
+ of emergency. Democracy can ;.
+ yield to discipline, and we can ):
+ solve this food problem for our 4
+ own people and for the Allies In ;.
+ this way, To have done SO will i
+ have been a greater service than 4
+ our immediate objective, for we 4
+ have demonstrated the rightful- :.
+ ness Of our faith and our ability /
+ to defend ourselves without be. +
i ing Prussianized" !
l. 4
+ r + + + + !. + + i. 1. + + + I. =. 4. 4. :,
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20

Stories first heard at mothers knee
are never forgotten. it is the same
with some other things received ut
our mothers knee which readily occur
to our readers.
Tho sunbeam is composed OF mil
lions Of minute rays; 90 home light
must be constituted OF little tender
neases, kindly looks. sweet laughter
and loving words.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20

A carload Of pity Is not worth a
handful Of help.
Garry sunshine in all your walks OF
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20

IN THE LONG RUN QUALITY ALWAYS
COUNTS. OUR SPECIALITY, AS OUR CUSTO-
MERS KNOW, is MEMS CLOTHING OF THE
DEPENDABLE SORT-THE KIND THAT AL
WAYS SATISFIES YOU.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
GENVOOD STOCK FARM
Y. B. ShOTtrIdge Prop.
eLEHwooD KY.
~. Have For sale

We Have For sale--
TWsNE PURE-BLooD sHoRTHoRs
-1nANEs. MALES, ron SALE. THE
s,nsE TIL IRE ON ExHIBl
TsnE At 80 eURTy FAIR At
L0U1sA. TO ANYBODY WISHING
TO BUY WE WILL MAKE THE
PRICE RIGHT COME AND SEE
THE sTocK. REGISTRATION PA
PIERS FURNISHED
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20

Sending to Europe 14l, 100000 bush
els of wheat from a surplus of appar
emily nothing was the outstanding ex.
plot of the American food army in the
critical year OF the war.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
FIRST CALL TO FOOD ARMY

: This cooperation and service
: | ask Of all in full confidence
. that America will render more
: for flag and freedom than king
) ridden people surrender at com
pulsion. Herbert Hoover, Au-
gust 10, 1917
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20

Home is place where man car do
as he pleases-if he is married to the
right woman.
Keep the rooms sweet and pure by
ventilation For this reason air and !
sunshine are free.
$50
BE like the harvest OF this year
good and generous.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
NOTICE.

now have in my hands funds to
pny all outstanding county claims
Tor both commone and Road and
Bridge. from Nos, 1925 to 1906. al
iowec at the October term, 1917. and
payable out of the levy for the year
1918 Also all outstanding claims ia
sued at the April term, and payable
out Of the levy for the year 1918, com
mon fund, from Nos. to It's, and
Road and Bridge claims allowed at
the April term, 1918, and payable out
Of the levy from the year 1918, from
Nos. ~ to So.
Those holding any claims as set out
above will call at the county treasur-
er's office and present their claims
for payment at once.
Yours,
HtEi&& w. 4. CAIN,
Co. Treas Lawrence Co.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20

A year ago voluntary food control
was a daring adventure in democracy |;
during the year an established proof
OF democratic efticiancy.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1918-12-20
REAL ESTATE
J. r. GARTIN, Louisa, Ky
General Dealer.

buy and sell Real Bseate Of n
kinda Also viii handle property O.
oo,zlmission. II yea vaat To buy o.
ssil tVwn or country property. caA o
1Ia