Weekly journal-miner., 1918-01-09

each corner or angle of the claim The location certificate may be post ed in any monument on the moundry of the claim. In the case of oil claims, the discovery may consist only of in dications which justify the prosecu- ton of the necessary work to reach the underlying oil deposits.
 Millsitc claims may be located upon which to erect reduction works or upon which to dump tailings or waste matter. The location of such a claim is made in the usual manner by placing monuments at all corners, posting and recording the location. certificate
 Such a claim must be non-minera, in character and contain not more than five acres.
 A tunnel site may be located in the usual manner by posting and record ing a proper notice; the intended ob- jcct may be for the development oI a known vein or lode or for the pros pccting of virgin ground. The loca- tor is granted the exclusive right to claim any blind lodcs or veins dis covered in such proposed tunnel with in distance of 5000 feet from the point of commencement.
 Failure to prosecute the work on the tunnel for six months Is consid- cred as an abandonment of the right to all undiscovered veins on the lin, of such tunnel.
 A lode or placer claim having been properly discovered, monumcntcd, posted and recorded, valid posses sorry title is acquired by the locator, but to maintain this title he must cX- pend the sum of $l00 in labor or i'm provcments for the benefit or dc yelopment of the property during each calendar year until the patent is issu.d. This annual assessment IS required for each placer as well as lode claim, and the size of the claim makes no difference in the amount of the expenditure necessary. How ever, where several claims are held under the same ownership and oper- atcd as a group, the entire cXpcndi- turc of Sl00 for each claim of the group may all be made upon one claim, providing the work be of q nature tending to develop and benefit the entire group. Ii is also permit ted that the entire work may be donc upon ar adjoining patented claim un- der the same ownership if this worl. Is of the proper beneficial charactc, No annual assessment work IS re quircd on a millsitc claim.
 Where a mining claim or group of claims is owned by several persons difficulty is often experienced in securing contribution from the var ious owners for the necessary annual assessment work, and provision Is made whereby the necessary cX- pcnditurc can be made by any CO., owner and the remaining co-owners must contribute their proper propor- lions or forfeit their interests in the property.
 The procedure is as follows: No ticc in writing is personally served upon each delinquent, but if this IS not convenient it may be printed in the newspaper published nearest tho claim for a period of % days. If no contribution is made within % days following the completion of notice then an affidavit of publication or or service of notice, with an affidavit ol failure 10 contribute, is filed for re- cord and the forfeiture IS complete.
 This procedure of forfeiture IS oi- ten rcsortcd to as convenient meth cd of settling estates of deceased co- owners and Of adjusting conditions in friendly way that would other wise require d decree of adjudication in order 10 perfect title conditions
 While the Federal statutes require an annual expenditure of SlOO upon or for the benefit of each claim ana the n1n-pcrformancc of such worh is prima facic evidence of abandon mcnt. vet if no relocation is made bv d stranger, the rights of the ori- ninal locator survive and he Is allow ed to retain the claims and may re sunc lis work after an indefinite lapse of years.
 Many rc-locationS arc made by the prior owners or by parties prlvy, tc avoid this expenditure. Such prao ticc defeats the intent of the law and the authorities hold that fallurC to perform the annual assessment work renders the ground open to To cation by others but not by q pgloi owner
 The plan of the government m 'c" mitting its citizens 10 locale @"C a." propriatc the public domain for min craI purposes and in guaranteeing tC thcm the possession and enjoyment of thclr rights under liberal laws, E in anticipation of the purchase O such lands and of the issuance o' patent 10 the applicants for full an' ] complete title: but 1t K doubtful | one claim in each 20 located K eve