davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

automobile line without license
s25 and costs
Jacob Trumbo-operating an auto
mobile line without license-$6O and
costs.
W. II. Bryant-operating an auto
mobile line without a license-dis-
missed.
Stanley withdrawing liquor In
his possession for the purpose Of sale
$50 and costs.
Chenoweth Drug Company-selling
soft drinks without q llcense-$25 and
costs.
John Breckenridge operating a
restaurant without license-$25 and
costs.
William Jones-carrylng away per-
sonal property Of another-$25 and
costs.
Fred Wells-operating a restaurant
without a license-$25 and costs.
Robert Lloyd and Joe McNutt--
standing a stud without license
$25 and costs.
The following judgments were
given:
In the case Of the Indian Run Coal
Company against Pat O'Neal the
plaintiff was given judgment in the
sum of $22O.7O with interest at 6 per
cent. from November 8, 1917, until
paid.
In the case of the Ajax-Elkhorn
Coal Company against Pat O'Neal the
plaintiff was given judgment in the
sum of $1,000 with interest at per
cent. from August 6, 1917, until paid
In the case of C. C. Cole against H
M. Yancey the plaintiff was given
Judgment in the sum of $1,000 with
interest at 6 per cent. from January
l, 1908, until paid.
In the case of Drake, Rucker &
Fisher against F. j. Rather the plain
tiff was given judgment in the sum OF
$432.60, subject to a credit of $14444
with interest at 6 per cent. from Sep
TENDER %, 1915.
The following cases were dismiss.
ed:
Virgie Bramel VS.. Samuel Bramel.
Florence B. Pickrell VS.. j. o. Pick
rell.
George C. Parry VS.. Mason County
Board of Education
! James McCarn VS.. John Forman.
Eva Miller, ct ais, vs.. George Lip
pert, ct ais.
B. c. Berry VS.. B. c. Grigsby.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28
SHIPMENT OF ARTICLES TO L. =
TROOPS LIMITED

Washington, March 26-Shipment
Cf any articles to troops in France,
Unless they have been requested by
the soldier himself, was forbidden to-
cay by Major General March, acting
chief of staff, They will be refused
by the postoffice and express COM
| anies unless accompanied by an APP
proved request from the soldier.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28
ARE YOUR KIDNEYS WELT
Many Maysyille People Know the I'm.
pOrtance Of Healthy Kidneys.

pOrMnce Vi hooAtny hivnoy"
The kidneys filter the blood.
They work night and day.
Well kidneys remove impurities
Weak kidneys allow impurities TO
multiply.
No kidney Ill should be neglected
There is possible danger In delay.
II you have backache or urinary
troubles,
II you are nervous, dizzy or worn
out,
Begin treating your kidneys at
once;
lie a proven kidney remedy
None endorsed like Doan's Kidney
Pills.
Recommended by thousands.
Proved by Maysville testimony.
W. II. Lynch, shoemaker, r. Third
St., says: "My kidneys were weak
and sluggish. At one time the action
of my kidneys stopped altogether.
finally used Doan's Kidney Pills and
in a short time the action Of my kid
neys became normal. kept on TAX
ing them and they completely reliev-
ing me-" Estate given January D.
1922
TROUBLE NEVER RETURNED
On November IA, 1916, Mr.. Lynch
said: 81 haven't had any need OF ?
kidney remedy since last recon-
mended Doan's Kidnev Pills. They
have permanently cured me-"
Mr.. Lynch is only one of many
Maysville people who have gratefully
endorsed Doan's Kidney Pills. II
your back aches-if your kidneys
bother you, don't simply ask for a
kidney remedy-ask distinctly for
DOAN'S KIDNE YPILLS, the same
that Mr.. Lynch had-the remedy back
ed by home testimony. 60 cents at all
stores. Foster-Milburn Co, Props,
Buffalo, N. Y. "Yhen Your Back is
| J,ame-Remembe the Name"
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28
DEATH OF II. H. ADAMSON

Mr.. H. H. Adamson, aged So years,
died at his home near Shannon yes
terday morning after a long illness.
He is survived by one son. Funeral
services will be held from the Shan
non NJ. e. Church Friday morning at
II o'clock. Burial in Shannon ceme-
terry.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28
Navarro Cafe and Billiard Par|oTs
Cigars. Tobacco, Lunch and Soft
Drinks.
Cab and spend your leisure hours.
G. E. MARTIN, Proprietor.
130,840 POUNDS
Total Amount Of Tobacco Sold on
Maysyille Market Yesterday
Sales Close For the Season
Tomorrow.

Tobacco sales on the Maysville
market yesterday totaled 1SO,S4O
pounds prices ranging from $40 to
SAC. The sales close here for the sea-
son tomorrow, but it seems as if it
will be strong finish, judging by
the amount of tobacco that has been
sold this week. The market con-
tinues firm with prices higher on the
cheaper grades. Following are the
reports of sales from the various
houses:
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

The Orangeburg unit of the Mason
County Red Cross chapter will hold a
meeting Saturday afternoon at 2
o'clock at the residence of Mrs. Sarah
Moore. All members are requested to
attend.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

PEARL WHITE PLAYS LEADS
In the thrilling serial 1.-THE House Of
Hate which stars at the Pastime
Friday, March 20. Antonio Moreno is
also featured. This serial surpasses
"The Iron Claw"
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

Mr.. and Mrs. Foster Barbour OF
West Second street left yesterday for
a few days visit at Clifton Springs,
New York.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

Mr.. James Cecil Dickson and his
sister, Miss Edith, will be Easter
guests of Mrs. Thomas Dickson, OF
West Fourth street.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

The Forest Avenue PIT. A. will
hold a called meeting at the school
building Friday afternoon at 2:3O
O'Clock. A full attendance is urged.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

In Police Court yesterday James
Hunt and Jack Farrow were each
fined $3.50 for being drunk.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

Mr.. T. G. Gilmore of Lexington, was
business visitor in this city We'd
nesday.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

FOR SALE-A Buick Touring Car, In
good condition, cheap II sold by
April 1. Phone 506-L 23-1wk
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

The Maysyille Assembly Club will
entertain with n dance Friday even.
Ing. &.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28

FOR SALE-The O'Donnell farm. 3h
miles from Maysville, well improved,
good tobacco land. Possession given
March 1. A rare opportunity. APP
ply to Charles F. Mcnamara or
Frank P. ODonnell. 25-tf
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28
MAYsYILLE pROpUCE MARKET

Following are today's quotations on
country produce, subject to change on
account Of declining market
Eggs (loss on ..........31c
Old BOOSTERS ........... 19c
Young BOOSTERS .22c
Young Turkeys ......... 23c
Old Tom Turkeys ...... zoe
Old Hen Turkeys .23c
Ducks ..................2 2c
Geese ...................1 8c
Butter ..................2 &c
The purchase or sale OF hens or
pullets prohibited by the Food Admin
istration.
U. s. Food Administration License
No G-09467.
THE e. L. MANCHESTER PRODUCE
COMPANY, Inc.
The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-03-28
FOR SALE

FOR SALE
FOR SALE-Ford Touring Car, 1917
Model, in good condition. Can be
seen at Day & Night Garage. 2S-tf
DROP POSTCARD TO NASHVILLE
NURSERY STOCK CO., Maysville
KY, and get free descriptive price
list catalogue for spring, 1918, If
you have not yet received one. Or
dering Of Trees. Plants, Shrubbery,
ETC., should be made now. or as soon
as possible. Delays are dangerous.
And please send us your order by
mail in plain writing, not by phone.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

made in this country. The exports of
buttons and parts from the United
States for the fiscal year ending June
80, 1917, amounted to $1,982 ,104, as
compared with $1,9O2,556 in 1916, and
$654,372 in 1914
Buttons, especially the larger sizes,
40 to So line, such as are used on
overcoats, of metal, horn or vegetable
ivory, are now much wanted. The de-
mand has not only absorbed the Amer
lean product but has apparently stimu
lated the import trade in buttons.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09
KLOPSCH IN ARMY

In the last mail from the States.
Leroy TOzier received a service post
card from Louis Klopsch, formerly
editor of the Times, in which the fCi-
lowing brief statement appears: q
have about started to do my bit in
earnest Best to all Will write fully
later" KlOpsch enlisted in New York
some months ago and former advices
indicated that he was among the first
going across.-Fairbank Miner
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09
SCARCITY OF BUTTONS
CAUSING INCONVENIENCE

WASHINGTON, Feb. S.-The gov
eminent demand for large quantities
of buttons has led American manu-
facturers to attempt to purchase back
the stocks of wholesalers and jobbers
of buttons at the price asked the
cutting-up trade, in order to fill the
government acquisitions promptly.
The figures furnished by the bureau
of foreign and domestic commerce
show also that there has been a
greater demand abroad for buttons
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09
OUT OF REACH

Just ask DR.. Jones to run round to
my place right away. Our cooks fall
en- downstairs, broke her leg; the
housemaid's got chicken-pox, and my
two boys have been knocked down by
a taxi"
I'm sorry, sir, but the doctor was
blown up in yesterdays air raid and
he won't be down for a week. "-Punch.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

A special address on "IiHcoln, the
Defender of Democracy will be given
at Eagle hall, Sunday evening at 7:3O
o'clock. His life and work is worthy
of our study in this hour when the
principles he fought to maintain are
being tested as never before.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

The eighth anniversary of the Boy
Scount movement in America will be
celebrated by special service at Eagle
hall, Sunday morning at II o'clock
To this service the parents and friends
of the great organization are invited
to joi nthe boys in this hour
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

On Tuesday evening the Cordoya
Credit Association will hold its semi
monthly meeting and full attendance
of all the members is requested
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

The steamer Victoria left Seward at
$3.50 o'clock last night, but had not
been reported out of Valdez up tC a
late hour this afternoon. Agent Hedges
expects her some time tonight and
says she will be in port fourteen hours
loading copper ore.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

An accident occurred to one Of the
engines of the rotary train, at Mile
q yesterday morning, and a high wind
is blowing out the line. The train is
snow bound
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Fred Haef is having the interior of
the Northern remodeled and will
shortly reopen it as a pool hall and
soft drink emporium.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

The freighter Skagway is due here
tomorrow with seven steel flat cars
and a quantity of lumber for the Cop
per River railway.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Monday, February II, is the last
day for payment of municipal taxes.
After that date they will be delinquent
land penalty and interest will accrue.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

over the Northern drug store was put
out this morning by fire extinguish-
er before any damage was done.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Madame Lydia, the palrAist, will be
found in the Currier & Nicholson
building on C. street. 16-tf
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Use less wheat and meat. Buy local
foods. Serve just enough. Use what
is left.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09
ADVERTISED LETTERS

Agaff, Frank Kley, Mrs. Marie
Allan, Miss Jessie Kosech, Grifko
Ankeph, Mr.. Pete Kolovgiveny, d.
Arneson, Mr.. Carl Koutsouris, Sam
Barrett, Theodore Larsberg, w. P.
Bailey, Mr.. F. H. Likes, Mrs. S. E.
Bessler, Frank Marshall, Joe
Besoloff, Mr. Frank Markstrom, Anna
Beal, Mr.. E. C. May, John
Bell, Carl E, Mcdonald, Chas.
Birkeland, X. o. Mcdowell, VIM
Bovolato, Angelo McNabb, Duncan
Bruce, Gus McMichael, Fred
Brabazon, VIM. (2) Miller, Mrs. Teddie
Britton, H. Modin, Ben
Burtch, Wellington Molfetus, Harry
Casar, Stive Muhae, T.
Campos, Jeo Murphy, Mrs. Alta
Crews, James Munsell, Mrs Gym,
Cumtum, Mr.. thia
Curry, Joe NOrdling, J. CD
Davisson, w. E. NOrara, Pete
Davis, R. S. Nowak, Vincent
Dillen, Geo. w Nelson, Iseder
Ecoff, Brock Ophein, Miss X.
Ellison, J. E. Obsanen, Gust A.
EndinO, J. D. Phillips, Mrs. Fred
Engle, Fred Peterson, Teodor
Esty, Gertie Patterson, Miss M
Erin, Ingwald Quintero, Jesus
Florance, M. J. Sativios, Maka s.
F'ujikana, w. Sullivan, John
Georgoc, d. N. Sites, c. c.
Gerdrum, E. E. Tanekey, c.
Guillett, Mrs. Viola Uireni, Miss V.
Guy, R. Urless, VIM. (5)
Hanson, w. M. Vining, Robert L.
Harding, Dick Volmas, There's
Henickson, Gunhild Woods, Mrs. M.
Henos, Mr.. Bill Wilson, Mrs. E. F.
Holm, Oscar Walker, Mrs. w.
Hurley, Ruth Zazo, Miss.
1shu, Roy Wyatt, Chas.
Jansen, Gunner
Please ask for advertised letters
when calling for any of the above mail.
C. H. SCHEFFLER, P. M.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Your eyes fitted. Compound and
astigmatic lenses replaced. See Os-
borne.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Stop and think if you are right; and
if you are wrong, think to stop.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

1t is an absolute sin to waste food
Food has become sacred.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

A slight blaze in the apartments
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

But little interest has thus far been
manifested in the coming municipal
election
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING.

FOR SALE-$1aoo cash. Three lots
and building on A street. Cost S.
$50. Renting for $40 per month or
Is 1-3 per cent. See f. A Jones.
Modern laundry eff
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Daily Times, by carrier or mail, 81
per month. Six months, IS, if paid in
advance.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

WANTED-A maid for general house.
work Apply to Mrs. E. L. Har-
wood.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

The Overland hotel, at Chitina,
which is conducted by Fred Handy,
has been thoroughly renovated and is
popular among the travelling public.
When in Chitina stop at the Overland.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

Regular Saturday night dance at
Hegg's hall tonight
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

borne.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09

FOR RENT-caoins. See DooIey.
FOR SALE-ShoW cases, cash regis
ter and fixtures. Phone 1SS.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-02-09
HAPPENINGS Of LOCAL
AND PERSONAL INTEREST

The Admiral Evans sailed north from
Ketchikan at o'clock this morning.
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03
THE GERMAN woMeNs WORK.
(From the Fresno .tcal) risraid)

(From the Fresno (CaL) Herald)
 According to Swiss newspapers received in this country the authorities in Germany taking steps provide plenty of work for all from 1e to 70 old. It's preventive of suicide the idea being that when woman is hauling plow digging potatoes or at other hard manual labor she gets tired that she right to sleep night and does lie awake think ing about how her father husband or brother has been blown to pieces and buried in obedience to the kaiser.
 In Prussia. Westphalia. saxony and Bavaria the number of suicides in 1917 increased by 1 per the previous and 75 per cent of the suicides women.
 they cannot breed soldiers without women Indeed it is How at autocracys principal valuation of women. Maybe. if the German women from 16 70 work hard enough they will establish valuation of themselves on the high level of the the horse and the truck They will. if they emade too tired for suicide
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03
THE POISON OF POLITICS.
(From the New Republic)

(From the New Republic)
 In speech recently made in the house Mr. Frear. of Wisconsin. called attention example of Democrat ic campaign tactis in the recent Wisconsin election which supplies the Republicans with an unmistakable grievance against their party opponents He quoted an advertisement which appeared in newspaper printed Rockford. H.. April 2:
 ITO the Wisconsin soldiers at Camp Grant:
 You entitled to vote for United States senator from Wisconsin osucceed Senator Paul o. Husting. President Wilson. your commander-inchef, desires all loyal Americans vote for Joseph E. Davies for United States senator Davies election means joy at Washing ton and gloom at Berlin. Davies defeat means gloom Washington and joy Berlin"
 We do not remember to have clearer case than this of the interruptions abuse of patriotic feeling for partisan purposes. the Democrats continue to capitalize in this way their control of the government the coming congressional campaign will degenerate into partisan of unprecedented bitterness and futity
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03
ROBBING THE CRADLE.

Anyone looking for evidence with which to confirm the assertion that Germany is on the verge of military collapse, all that which is necessary is to look at the boys forced out of their cradles and sent to the front in this war of ag- gression. We can readily understand that a baby in the arms of it's mother will defend her when attacked; but the baby will never take the offensive. nation on the defensive may we'll resort to the drafting of boys to help to defend their homes against invasion; but to draft them for the purpose of carrying on war of aggres- sion against another, only Prussianism can justi- fly that. Both Belgium and France are justified by circumstances; for their countries have been invaded, devastated and almost entirely robbed of their existence. For these to draft even women would be justifiable. We shudder at the thought of boys of eighteen in the trenches. Driven out of their cradles to the slaughter house.
 Not in the defense of their homes, but in war of aggression. Yet, if we believe the report of yesterday, they are there today Out of their cradles yesterday to fall into their graves today.
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03

Everything comes to an end, as everybody knows. Even an investigation into the fishing question in Alaska. The members of the -Ameri- can-Canadian Fisheries commission have come. investigated following a well laid plan, and have gone. The result may not be known for few weeks; but from what we have been able to gather, we are tempted to make the prediction that within six months of the announcement of the result, there won't be single fishbuyer in Ketchikan. .:..-
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03
IMITATION

is the sincereSt form of flattery, that is why it pleases IL, to hear that other iaunuries claim to do work just like ours 1t is a tribute to the excellence Of our iauuering which we fully ap preciate. But why not have the orig. you won't nave 60 say they are as perfect as ours. The work will Dt ours and the real thing
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03
KETCHIKAN WHARF co.
 c. M. TAYLOR Phone GA Accent
Phone GA

COOK THE TURKEY with our coal and 1t will be done to . turn that rich golden brown pfoduca- ble only with a strong even heat. Bet. ter order some right now. You'n need it anyway. Phone us the sise and quantity you require and we1l sse that it gets promptly to you.
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03
OUR HOPE.

We do hope that what Secretary Redfeld has seen of Alaska will help in securing for us Hull territorial form of government In his talk last eSaning, he admitted that it was difficult to deal with several matters pertaining to Alaska among which was the question of conservation Of fur bearing animals. Which question may be said to be mere drop in an ocean full of far more important questions, all under the direction, supervision and rules of governmental bureaus at
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03

Every speaker last evening lauded Us all for the support the residents of Ketchikan and vicinity have given the government; the Red Cross and other institutions in the present struggle We could have told them before that we knew as much: nevertheless, the compliment is appreciated Alaskans have done remarkably well and the end is not yet for more of that kind of support shall be given, and before the time expires for subscription to the third Liberty loan, We shall have two stars in our honor flag
The daily progressive-miner., 1918-05-03

Washington thousands of miles away. If the Secretary is sincere in his assertion of dificui- ties encountered in the direction of the affairs of our territory and his high complimentary re- marks about us all he win join our delegate in his battle to wrest from congress the bower to govern our affairs without bureau interference. An, but that is where the rub come in.
The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1918-01-25
LEARN USE OF PENNY
War introduces It Into California
for First Time.
Heretofore Regarded as Too Insight.
ficant to Bear Value in Relation
to Business.

San F'rancisco.--The war is intro
ducing the humble penny into Callfor-
MIA. For the first time in the history
of the state it will be used in COM
nerce. Heretofore this fraction Of
currency has been regarded as too in
significant to bear any value in it's re-
lation to business.
The value of the copper cent is one
Of the lessons in thrift which Mrs. A.
s. Baldwin of San Francisco will take
back to the women of tfornia. Mrs.
Baldwin is one of the 1t prominent
clubwomen of San Francisco and she
was recently called to Washington by
the secretary of the treasury to serve
on the woman's liberty loan committee.
and to carry the lessons of the Liberty
loan and of the war savings certif-
Gates to the women in the far West.
"Out in California we are so far
away from the center Of things that
many of the remote communities know
the thrift campaign of the Liberty loan
only as name. The duty of our wom-
en-, as see It, is not only to conserve
in a large way, but to save the small
amounts which the people of the West
are apt to overlook.
eve are only beginning to use cop
pers in San Francisco" said Mrs. Bald
win, "and they are still only used in a
few of the shops. In California the
copper cent has been regarded hereto
fore as too inconsiderable trife to be
given any consideration. The war and
it's emergency measures, such as the
war savings certificates and the thrift
stamps, will change the Californian's
attitude toward the modest penny.
The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1918-01-25
TAX RETURNS FOR 1918

cr an authorized agent Will be az
the following places named below,
for the purpose of taking tax returns
OF both real and personal property
for fiscal year 1918.
Prosperity Mon & Tues. Jan 2lst &
22nd.
Little Mountain Wednesday Jan 2Srd.
Jolly Street Thursday jan "a :
Fomaria Friday Jan 25th-
Giymphville Tuesday Jan 29th.
]. l.. Crooks Wednesday Jan 3oth
Maybinton Thursday Jan. 31st.
And in the Auditors office in the
Courthouse until Feb. the goth after
which date 50 per cent penalty will
be aaded. The law requires tax on
all notes mortgages and moneys, al
so Income tax on incomes over 81
SOC.
There is captaticn tax on all dogs
of fifty cents.
All male persons betyeen the ages Of
81 and 80 are liable to pay poll
tax Of s100 unless otherwise exempt
All PERSONS owning property in
more than one School District Wilt
be required to make rat"rrs for each
District, as the Tav Poo',s Will be
made I'D bv Srhoo! Districts instead
of Townships in 1913.
81. 3. Halface,
County Auditor
The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1918-01-25
RATIoNING is SYSTEM URGED
British Workingn1en Demand Better
Distribution Methods for Food
Supplies.

NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. calling on the
government to introduce a system of
rationing and asserting that grave
crisis is approaching in many of the
working class districts were adopted
by the Workers National committee,
which includes representatives of most
of the large trades unions. Robert
Smith, president OF the Miners Fed
erN ton, is chairman Of the committee.
he resolutions say that in some
working class districts women are COM
PEELED to wait in front of shops and Oft
en- are unable TO obtain tea, sugar,
milk. butter, bacon or margarine. A
bad system of distribution is said to be
largely responsible for this state of
affairs.