davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26

right now?" questioned Senator Var
daman, of Mississippi.
Il do" replied Senator New. I'VE
need them this hour. 1 agree with
Senator Smith of GeOrgia's recent
statement that We must quadruple
out present number"
'T hope when we do" said Sem
ator Vardaman, we will put the
draft age up instead of down.
This country is menaced by ore
of the greatest dangers" said Sen
ator FreIinghuysen. Il think We
should be training 100000 men.
u agree, and think the draft
age should go both up and down"
said Senator Myers.
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26

attended with certain advantages not
possible with an explosive which
must be deton8ted. A liquid gas
would give enormous pressure when
confined, although perfectly safe
when not subjected TO pressure.
Some suggest a centrifugal action,
and while we know heavenly bodies
released from central attra ction
would hurtle through space. there
are many difficulties in applying CEN
trifugaI force to projectiIes.
so IL projectiles are really shot
distances of over seventy-four miles.
it is very probable that liquid air
or other gas is used as the propellant
and owing to the heat generated in
the passage of the shell through the
air possibly even the shSf1 filling
is of the same nature"
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
LIQUID AIR MAY.
PROPEL SHELLS
BOMBING PARIS
Lewis Nixon, Ordnance Ex-
pert, Gives New Opinion
on1atest Big Guns.

Atlantic. City, n. J., March 25.-Lew-
is Nixon, who is stopping at the Hotel
Traymore, has spent his life in the de-
velopment of ships, guns and powder.
He was asked today what he thought
Of the shell fire over ranges exceeding
seventy-four miles.
He said that Of course he had
thought over the matter as soon as he
read about it. That naturally all was
speculation but IL one wanted to know
how his thoughts ran he would very
gladly tell, He expressed the belief
that IL projectiles are really hurled
more than seventy-four miles it is
very probable that liquid afr or :other
gas is used. He said:
Various Ways.
There are various ways of taking the
report. First, the report may not be
true: second, the shell may have been
dropped from some aircraft at a great
height, this falling at regular in
tervals Of fifteen minutes is barely
possible"
'It would hardly be practical with
out discovery to have a large Yep
pelin far enough away to be out Of
sight that could launch, air vessels
that after going a certain distance
would drop shells. Certainly the shell
fired by thin walled guns or dropped
from aircraft would not be like the
ordinary, shell fired from a gun as
these are reported to be"
Third, SO we may assume that
those are shells fired from some new
type Of gun on land; fourth for
the great ranges We must have great
muzzle velocities. To secure this We
must have enormous internal pres
sure. accompanied by high tempera-
ture provided powder Is used: so
much so that in sixty rounds a
twelve-inch gun is so scored that it
looks like the bark Of an old tree.
Liquid Air Suggestion.
I'VE have improved powders till
we can obtain a sustained push on
the shot from base to muzzIe. But
to obtain a range of seventy-four
miles we must have a length Of
gun and. perfection of powder be-
yoDd anything now known to us. A
shell with rocket attachments to
come into play as 1t goes along its
path is not possible.
rs there a propellsnt other than
powder? There is. and its use is
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
Result of Drive May Be
Known Before NightfaIl
American Strategists Believe That Somme At
tack Depends Upon Effect of Present
Fighting-Amiens Goal.

The success or failure OF the Ger
man drive in the somme district viii
be determined in the next twenty-foBr
hours fighting, according to strate-
gists OF the American army here.
They insist that a crushing defeat
to the allied arms will not be regis
tered until the Kaiser's forces have
entered Amiens, but that this point
connot be attained at the present
rate of progress in any time short of
two weeks.
Counter Attacks.
News that the allies have begun a
series OF counter attacks surprised
number of American officers who had
not looked for an offensive from the
defenders before today. Previous
drives have demonstrated that il is
possible for a mobile force with the
best of support TO continue an offen-
sive for five days. In that time
heights must be taken which Will
permit an exhausted attacking army
to successfully beat OF the counter
offensives launched by the enemy re-
serves.
The belief is growing that the Ger
man leaders have failed to replace
exhausted men with fresh fighters:
that the British. i'm accordance with a
carefully laid plan, have chosen the
ground for their counter attacks and
that the crucial struggle will come
before nightfaIl today.
Point Of Attack.
authorities are not agreed as to the
exact relation of the assaults which
won for the German forces the towns
OF Bapaume, PerOnne and NOyon, but
the majority incline to the belief that
it Is through Peronne that linden
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
Wars Working Women
Subject Of Conference

War conditions affecting working
women will be the subject for dis
cussion at a conference on Tuesday.
March 26, at the national headquarters
of the Woman's Committee of the
Council of National Defense.
The committee has invited its State
chairmen of departments on women
in industry to Washington to lay out
a working program for replacement
Of men by women in the country's
industries.
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
ALLIED LINES REMAINUNBROKEf
Congress Still Confident
Germans Will Never Win
Members Who Have Toured Battle Ground
Express Belief Allies Will Check Drive
and Launch Counter Attack.

Representatives who saw last
summer the territory over which
the British, French and Germans
are battling, see nothing in the
present situation to justify faint
heartedness.
With one accord, they declare the
strength of the allied forces is in
creasing as they fall back, while
the Kaiser's hosts are hourly work.
ing themselves into a position which
may mean disastrous to them in
the decisive battle of the war.
Know Battle Ground.
The land over which the present
battle is raging" said Representa-
tive Dali, of Washington, lis that
evacuated by the Germans last
spring just before the British were
to launch their drive. 1t never has
been favorable ground for defensive
purposes.
The strategy of the British
plainly Is to give up this territory
at as a great a loss as possible to
the foe. Finally. when the British
have fallen back to the lines where
they intend to make their deter
mined stand, the Germans will be
at their weakest, with literally
hundreds of thousands of their best
troops gone.
Then watch for the counter-at-
tack 1t may easily be SO over
SwheIming that the KaiseT's cause
s>gill be irretrieysbly lost"
TN Desperate Game.
Representative Miller, of Min
-1esota, said:
What a desperate game the
& Germans are playing! On foreign
soil, far from home. they are risk
ing their very all for a supreme
military triumph. Defeated, they
can scarcely hope even to maintain
a successful defensive. With their
overwhelming numbers and can
mons. they have temporarily gained
considerable ground and booty. But
these gains are meaningless.
THE significant thing is that
they have lost what cannot be re-
gained-men. The triumph of the
allies is made sure many months
sooner than otherwise would be
possible"
Let no one be downhearted, !"
said Representative johnson, of
Washington. Il was over a great
part of the ground on which the
fighting is now taking place. 1t
all Of it's not worth the sacri-
fee of a good regiment of men. If
the Germans should win. the whole
area, they simply would have got
ten back what they evacuated last
spring. They have gone forward
as they have with such a tremen-
dous slaughter of their most gall
liant troops that when the kick
back of the British comes it may
carry through to the Germans utter
disaster. ...
Il rejoice that this has come. 1t
will bring a victorious peace"
To Address House.
Representative Mccormick, of IL
linois, may address the House
briefly today on the developments
of the offensive. He has been in
constant tOumh with the War De-
partment.
Representative Shallenberger. of
Nebraska. member of the Military
Affairs Committee. said the result
should be to awaken the House to
prOmptest action on essential war
measures.
This means" said Representa-
tive Butler, of Pennsylvania, mem
Der of the Naval Committee, that
the House should Immediately take
up and pass the naval appropria-
tiOn bill. 1t should follow that
with acts enabling the war depart
ments of the government every
power deemed essential to a more
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
need 100000 men
CONTINUEp TRoM PAGE ONE.


use. This feature of the situation,
he said. was disheartening.
He explained that France and Eng
land have been permitting the Ameri-
can aviators to use planes belonging
to the British and French armies.
but that the supply is not sufficient
to provide for all the needs.
In discussion of the Liberty Motor,
which was brought up by one of the
Senators present, Gen. Wood said
that in his opinion the Liberty plane
will be excellent for bombing pur-
poses. but Is not suited for combat
He favored the French motor and
plane as being more suitable for this
work.
In the matter of ordnance, Gen.
Wood said that i'm spite of the fact
that Great Britain and France are
able to keep the United States sup
piled with all the guns and ammuni-
tion needed, there should be no less
ening of production by this country.
He recommended larger shipments
Of raw materials rather than of the
finished, products, because. as he
stated. the countries abroad are bet
ter equipped to turn out the NUM-
tions from their factories than We
are. and suffer only from lack of
material This applies to the manu-
facture of aerOplanes as we'll as to
big guns.
Need of ships.
The great need Of ships was also
commented upon by Gen. Wood. who
said that IL is absolutely essential
that the ship production should be
greatly stimulated in order to rush
70 France the men and supplies to
HT up the gaps in the battle front.
Gen. Woods summary of the situa-
tion was that the materials which
America must supply in huge guam
tity to the French battle-ground are,
in the order of their Importance, as
Follows:
]. Men.
Z q Aeroplanes.
J. Ships.
T. Guns
In support of his advocacy of an
army Of 100000 men, Gen. Wood
gave endorsement to the policy of
universal training. which, he said. is
''eminently sound" He expressed the
belief that some form of universal
military training will be found neces-
sary before the large army recon-
mended by him Is provided. He de-
elared, furthermore. that America
should adopt universal training as a
permanent policy and that Congress
should enact at once laws necessary
70 carry 1t into effect.
Gen. Wood appeared before the COM
Hfttee shortly after O'Clock and
was more than three hours in giving
us review of the European situa-
His appearance before the COM
attlacted a large numbers of
" are not members of
-and the floor of the
n8ally deserted as
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26

vigorous prosecution of the war
than we have yet imagined"
Senator Francis Z. Warren. of
Wyoming. ranking member of the
committee, and father-in-law of Gen.
Pershing:
Il think the Germans are stalking
almost their all on winning, but they
are yet far from winning. This par
ticular thing is not ended. But 1 do
not think it will be a triumph for
Germany. No matter whether it is
nor not, it will not alter the result
of the war. Germany cannot win the
war. The German drive is in the ma
ture of a calamity, but it cannot be
avoided. 1t Is one of the fortunes of
war. Bull Run was an epic in. the
civil war, but it cut no figure in the
ultimate result"
Situation Serious.
Senator Harry S. New, who is
lighting for universal military train
ing:
"Of course there Is no denying the
fact that the situation is serious.
Just how serious can only be de-
! velOped at the end of probably an
other forty-eight hours. My hope
and my-belief Is that the French and
British armies of maneurve will COM
pei the retirement by the enemy who
must have suffered tremendous losses
/ which cannot fail to count heavily
against them when the grand counter
stroke is undertaken"
Senator Charles S. Thomas. of
! Colorado, an ardent supporter of war
preparation:
Il think the situation serious but
not by any means hopeless. l have
great confidence in the Anglo-Saxon
grit in time of stress and strife, and
the bulldog determination of the
British soldier who never quits even
when his back is against the wall
We must lose some ground of course,
but / would lose faith in practically
all that makes life worth while If
were not sure the allies would win
in the end"
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26

burg hopes to h1ri the forces whT9
Will divide the fronts held by the
French and British.
From PeTonne, the capture OF which
represents an advance OF almost four
teen miles, the road lies through
fairly level country 10 Amiens, a dis
tance Of about thirty miles, the key
TO Paris. An advance for this dis
lance could be accomplished only in
the event Of a rout OF a large part Of
the British army. it Is said. and there
H. nothing to indicate that Haig's men
have lost heart
Reports received by the War De.
partment show clearly that the Brit
ish general stan had ample notice that
the drive might be attempted In the
very place chosen by the German
leaders. The belief is general that
great trench systems were built for
miles in preparation for the attack
The only surprise expressed by the
American officers is that IL was pos
sible for the attacking force to mo-
bilize secretly fully half Of their foroes
in the Somme district OffiCers who
have visited the scene Of the struggle
contend that Gen. Haig has with
drawn his forces in accordance with a
well worked out plan by which Il has
been possible. with the loss Of the
fewest possible defenders, 10 exact a
heavy toll Of life from the dense lines
driving forward over TERRITORY which
has been changed greatly in the
months since it was occupied by Ger
man forces.
Previous FeatS-
Previous military feats OF the war
incline the strategists 10 the convio-
ton that the German attack should
carry the peak OF the wedEe forward
at least twenty-one. miles from the
starting point. The latest reports
teen miles. Although Topography. or
the fay Of the land. plays a great
part IN determining the speed Of ad-
vance, It is held that the German
drive should have advanced much
further than il has, II it were being
carried out with a speed proportion
ate 10 its size
The fact that the advancing lines
have been slowed up appnecia blv
within the last twelve hours fEht-
ing is considered evidence of great
er mobilization of defenders. Il -
pointed out that with every pass rng
hour the difficulty OF transport for
the Germans Of necessity become
more difficult. The true strength ~
the opposing forces should be shopn r
by the reports from the fighting or
the coming twenty-four hours.
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
ASK Three BILLION
CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.

NO-N1lNCGD rAOh EAob O-NIss
of United States inheritance taxes,
rand having the benefit of a sinking
fund of ) per cent per annum during
the period of the war and for one
year thereafter.
''It is the belief of the Secretary
that the rate now proposed is suffi-
cient and that by restricting unneces-
sary capital issues, and by inducing
the people to subscribe for liberty
loans to save and keep them for in
vestment. and by purchase from the
sinking fund from those who find
themselves compelled to sell, future
increases in the interest rate may be
avoided
I'm order to put an end to the ex-
pectation of higher interest rates, it
is proposed that the conversion privI-
lege shall be eliminated from the new
bonds, but the holders of liberty
bonds Of all existing issues will be
given an opportunity to convert their
bonds into the new I Ia per cent
bonds.
Congress will be asked, for authori-
ty to issue bonds to the amount of
N,5OO,000,000 in addition to those now
authorized, in order to provide for fu-
ture issues; for authority to issue ad-
ditonal Treasury certificates of in
debtedness; for authority to make ad-
ditional loans to the allied govern
ments during the summer; and for
authority to deposit income and ex-
cess profits taxes with national banks.
state banks and trust companies
throughout the United States in the
same manner as the proceeds of the
liberty loans"
Certificates Oyersubseribed.
At the same time he announced the
terms Of the Third Liberty Loan, Sec
cretary McAdoo said the latest issue
OF Treasury certificates had been
loversubscribed by more than 81.
600 The Philadelphia. Richmond, At
ianta. st. Louis, Dallas and San Fran
cisco Federal Reserve districts failed
TO seli their quota. but Boston. New
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26

York, Cleveland. Chicago, Mime
apolis and Kansas City heavily over
subscribed. Figures on the 500, ,OOo, 900
issue follow:
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
Confident ms Ever.

"And I>desire to say at this time l
am as confident OF ultimate victory
by arms for the United states and the
cntent powers over Germany as 1 was
the day 1 landed back here from
France. That was less than one
month ago. l am reasserting this
confidence because there is nothing In
the reports to justify a change of
opinion"
The statement was made during the
late afternoon. At the time the War
Department information was officially
said to add nothing to the latest news
dispatches.
Washington officials are still skept-
cal over the reports from Paris in
dicating that the Germans have in
vented a super-gun now being en-
ployed in an intermittent lombard
ment of the French Capital. The
theory that a gun twice the size any
artillery piece known to be in exis-
tence has been developed by the
krupps was also secuted by Mai. Gen.
Wood, who is just back from France.
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
Drive Only One Link.

Every bernn O0Clal DulleIln makes
special mention of sustained heavy
artillery duels before [Verdun. Am
sterdam dispatches quote high
Austrian officer as foreshadowing
the greatest battle of the offensive
on that theater and as saying. the
present drive against the British is
''only one link of the great offensive
planned by the central powers
However, that the Germans mean
10 push their present drive between
Arras and La Fere to the utmost
capacity of their resources IL shown
by today's Berlin official statement:
I'VE are without rest pursuing the
retreating enemy"
The report added that English
cavalry attacks broke down and we
now stand north of the Somme in
the middle of the former Somme
battlefield
The Germans themselves. have been
using cavalry detachments, but so
far exclusively in harassing opera
tions in pursuit.
Paris was again raided yesterday
by German flyers. but the attack
was short-lived, French aviators and
cannon driving the raid
ing machines on after a limited num-
Der of bombs had been dropped on
the capital, causing several oasu-
alties,
So heavy was the firing early today
and throughout the night that it was
heard along the coast of Kent, where
the distant detonations shook houses
and shattered windows.
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
PRESIDENTS
WIRE TO HAIG
STIMULATES
Executive Prompted by
Valor Of Brave Allies to
Cable His Admiration.

President Wilson's message to Field
Marshal Sir Douglas. Haig, OF the
British forces, yesterday was an Of
fetal epitome of the spirit, courage
and confidence of the nation in the
outcome of the life-or-death struggle
on the Western front, The text fol-
lows:
May not express to you my
warm admiration for the steadfast-
ness and valor with which your
troops have withstOod the German
onset and the perfect confidence all
Americans feel that you Will win a
, secure and final victory"
The communication represented con-
clusions reached by the Chief Execu-
tive after a careful study of re-
ports which had been transmitted to
the White House as rapidly as re-
ceived at the State. War and Navy
departments.
Hope of Victory.
The calm assurance of ultimate sue
cess was regarded by the grizzled
chiefs of the war bureaus as a stimu-
liant which would greatly encourage
the hard-pressed English and French
forces opposing the Teutonic armies
The effect upon official Washing
ton was Immediately apparent Army
strategists who hold tenaciously to
the view that Germany cannot ac-
compIish gains which will justify her
losses became even more optimistic.
Some of these officials boldly asserted
that the Kaiser's troops would never
again get as close to Paris as they
were during the first year of the war.
To reach Calais ON the English Chan
mel would be next to impossible they
, said.
A short while after President Will
son had spoken a Cabinet officer
said:
Il have found nothing in the re-
ports we have received here to JUS
tify encouragement. Our informa-
tion is meagre, but it shows there
has been no serious break in the
line of defense. As long as the line
holds there is not the slightest
ground for pessimism.
II am not an army man. but I am
satisfied the Germans cannot ac-
complish their purpose to break the
morale of the English and French
armies and force a Germsn-made
peace"
Mai. Gen. March. Chief-of-Stafr.
at the War Department. appeared
anything but crestfallen. He took
serious exceptions to published
statements that his face had re-
vealed pessimism on Saturday and
Sunday.
He said. DO not write about how
look. Let the public know what
say. if you must, and be sure you
are accurate"
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
HUN DRIVE CONTINUES
CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.
fee is believed to allude in its state
-ment regarding american reserves" "
The expected separate German at
tack on the French front has not yet
materiaIized. though a number Of local
assaults in various sectors were de-
Iivered in the last twenty-four hours,
notably to the northwest of Rheims,
around Courcy and Louvre, and to
the east of Badonvillers. where Amer
lean troops are in the front line
trenches. These attacks were beaten
off with heavy losses to the Germans.
Paris announced.
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
Thomas Fears Expense.

Senator Thomas, of Colorado. said
ne believed in such a system. but
feared its adoption at this time be-
cause of the expense, lack of train
ing officers, and so forth.
The Senator from Indiana does
not contend that We need more men
The Washington herald., 1918-03-26
"The Lord Sides with Best
Artillery" Said Napoleon
Modern Expert Declares This Maxim Has
Even Truer Application to Present-day-
Warfare-Aircraft Included.
by C. C.
Pershings

Army fanry enen,
controle Amercan March and then didn't have
Carrizozo outlook. [volume] (Carrizozo, N.M.) 1910-1945, 1918-09-06
J. E. KOonce

In this issue Of the Outlook ap-
pears the name of }. h. Koonce
as candidate for the nomination
of Superintendent of Schools of
Lincoln County. Mr.. Koonce
needs no introduction to most of
the people of this county in as
much as he has been superin-
tendent of these schools since
January, 1917.
After having completed an
Academic course, he then grad
uated from the Texas State Nor
NAL School, after attending this
said institution for two years;
he then attended the Peabody
Normal College at Nashville,
Tenn, from which institute he
graduated.
Since which time he has been
actively engaged in school work,
with the exception of a few
years. He is thoroughly ac-
.quainted with the needs of the
the schcc, of the county and il
nominated and reelected vii
endeavor, as in the past, to give
the hest service of which he Is
capable.
Carrizozo outlook. [volume] (Carrizozo, N.M.) 1910-1945, 1918-09-06
At the Campbell Home

Mr.. Carleton Mentzer. son Of
Mrs. II. s. Campbell, entertained
last Tuesday evening in honor Of
the Misses Espey Of Ft, Davis,
Tex, and Miss Finley, of Ros-
well, who are visiting at the 0.
4. Finley ranch
Dancing was indulged in and
light refreshments were served.
Those present, aside from the
the honor guests, were: The
Misses Carrie Roberts and Sallie
johnson; Messrs. Joe and Don
Finley. Mr. Carr, Wayne and
Mayo Hamilton 0. u Finley
and wife.
Carleton will return to Mes.
sila Park where he viii continue
his course of studies at the State
College, the latter part of the
present month.