davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

John Neidermeyer, a twelve-year-
old boy Of Jacksonville, who had been
an inmate of local hospital whera
he underwent an operation for ap-
pendicitis, left yesterday for his
home.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

than the man who had to eat all he
ordered. That is a fundamental sin
in America We must recognize the
sanctity Of food u. S. Food Ad-
ministration.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

George Carter of Phoenix visited
his father, F. II. Carter, Of Mountain
avenue the fore part of the week.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

FOR RENT OR SALE-The James
place on Ashland street. Seven
acres in fruit. House and barn.
See owner at 1871 Boulevard.
Phone "a. S7-St'
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

FOR RENT-Furnished rooms. In
quire 179 Oak street. Phone
242-R. S7-tf
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

FOR SALE OR RENT-Two pianos.
Phone 432-R or call S42 Boule
ward. 37-3t'
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

WANTED TO BUY-Some calves old
enough to wean. Also some 3. inch
water pipe. Call W. E. Pierson.
Boulevard. Phone 4S5-J. S7-3
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21
Classified Advertisements
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY.

MUST SELL my nome. Have TO move
to Portland A good fiye-room.
fairly modern house, large yard.
fruit, etc. A bargain for some one.
Call or address C. H. Wilson, 5Oi
Allison street. S7-.f
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

SPLENDID opportunity for capable
man at Ashland with agency old
line health and accident insurance
company. Good immediate money
and permanent business, Direct
contract. National Casualty Com
pany, Detroit, Mich. S7-3t'
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

FOR SALE-Fine Jersey heifer calf
Phone 444-R. Mrs. Carter. STAT
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

LOST-A pendant. purple pansy on
small gold chain, Saturday, some
where on Main street. Reward IL
returned TO Emil Peil S7-1t'
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-21

There never was a time since
Adam, as good to buy on easy terms
as the present. Labor iG unprecedent-
" high, and no indications Of 1t be-
ing lower for a long time to come;
and you can buy a good house and
lot now Of the Beaver Realty Com
pany for less than the cost OF the
house, and almost on your own terms.
This Is especially attractive to r. R.
people.
n n 4, n
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
EMBARGO ISSUED ON FREIGHT
TO SPEED UP COAL

Washington, D. c., Jan. 23.-An
embargo on all freight except food,
fuel and war munitions, on the Penn
sylvania Lines east of Pittsburg, Bal
timore and Ohio east of the Ohio Riv-
er and the Philadelphia & Reading
was authorized today by Director
General McAdoo. -
The action was taken on recon-
mendation of A. H. Smith, Assistant
Director General, in charge of trans
portation in the East. No reference
was made to the recommendation for
an embargo submitted last night by
Fuel Administrator Garfield. The
embargo is temporary and is expected
TO last only few days.
"On account of the extremely Sc
we're weather, which has particularly
affected operation of railroads cross
ing the Allegheny Mountains" said
the railroad administration announce
ment, Director General McAdoo, up
on the recommendation of Regional
Director Smith, has authorized him to
place an embargo upon all freight eX-
cept food, fuel and such war NUM-
lions and war supplies as are speci-
tically approved by the War Depart
ment, upon the Pennsylvania Lines
east of Pittsburg, Baltimore & Ohio
east of the Ohio River and the Phila-
delphia & Reading for the purpose of
enabling those lines to continue spe-
cializing upon coal for the double pur-
pose of supplying the acute conditions
in New England and the Harbor of
New York and elsewhere, and in the
provision of empty cars for mines
and coke ovens"
Garfield Well Pleased
"The embargo" said DR.. Garfield,
twill operate to aid materially the eff
forts of the fuel administration in
Fastening the movement of coal on
the preferred list. Under the closing
order fuel will still be shipped to the
list of preferred consumers before in
dustry generally receives its supply
"After this preferred list has been
cared for the fuel administration in
east locality will endeavor to sup
ply those concerns whose operations
have been listed by the departments
of the Government as most necessary
to the conduct of the war;"
Local officials of the fuel admins
tration were instructed today to see
that the preferential list was sup
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
Proportion of Men in Hospitals Less
in United States than in
Overseas Forces.

A recent comparison of health re-
ports from troops in the United States
and the Expeditionary Forces shows
the admission rate to hospitals to be
greater among the men in France.
Admissions to hospitals in one
week in the Expeditionary Forces,
figured on basis Of 1000 men, were
45.2; in the United States, the rate
was 1877 per 1000 men. In the over
seas forces the non-effective rate
(the total number of men excused
from duty for any injury or ailment,
whether or not ordered to hospitaD
was BAL per 1000 men; in the troops
in the United States it was 46,4.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
U. S. TROOPS WILL
SOON BE FIGHTING

Washington, Jan. 23.-Active parti-
cipation by the United States in the
fighting OH the west front is not only
perceptibly near, but will be under
taken on a more extensive scale than
was thought possible at the outset,
according to intimations Forthcoming
today from official sources.
Secretary of War Baker, in guard
cd statement, said that the program
OF the War Department was constant
ly developing and that limitations
were being removed or overcome. In
q general way this explanation COR
roborates the more specific informa-
ton impaired by the President to GER
tain Democrat Senators that the
United States will have in France by
next June twice the number of troops
called for by the original calculations.
Both statements were interpreted as
indicating that the appeal of France
for men is to be answered and that
this government is bending it's ener-
gies to have as many troops as pos
sible available for backing the allied
forces in the event Of the great Ger
man drive.
First Contingent Ready.
Official sources of information con-
corning the number of troops abroad,
or the time when they will take their
places in the front line beside the
British and French veterans, are
sealed, but the reports from General
Pershing of casualties sustained in ac-
ton are regarded as foreshadowing
the active participation of the Amer
leans in the fighting. The period of
training of most of the troops now in
France is now at an end. They are
virtually ready to take their places
on the firing line if they are not al
ready there.
In dispatches received by the War
Department today Gen. Pershing re-
ported that three privates were killed
in action on January 81. In yester-
days casualty list was recorded the
death of another private of infantry
killed on January 20. No explanation
is afforded on the nature of the ac-
ton in which these casualties were
sustained and the War Department
withholds all information concerning
the time when the American forces
will take up the burden of fighting.
But there are signs that the end of
the long period of preparation is APP
preaching.
Secretary Baker declined to COM
ment upon the Presidents estimate of
the number of troops to be in France
by June /, but he made the following
statement:
"The program of the War Depart
ment has been a constantly develop
ing one, and many difficulties and
limitations have been removed or ov-
ercome. | cannot discuss numbers Of
men in France or anticipated to be in
France at any particular time, but
we have made substantial progress"
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01

piled. This, in effect, denies as long
as the order is imperative, the use of
coal to large extent by the less es-
sential industries inasmuch as the
railroads cannot transport enough to
supply all needs.
Cold Hats Railroads.
An embargo on everything but food,
fuel and munitions has been under
consideration for several days. Up to
last night, however, the Director
General was not favorable to a gen.
eral embargo, believing that railroads
soon would be able to move the en-
tire volume of accumulated freight.
This hope was shattered last night by
the continuation Of bad weather and
snow almost everywhere east of the
Mississippi.
A threatened serious coal shortage
in New York also is said to have has
tened the decision.
Indications today were that hard
weather would continue through most
of the week and railroad administra-
ton officials intimate that they look
ed for little improvement in the trans
portation situation before Saturday.
DIR. Garfield indicated that the re-
gional coal distribution plan probably
will be worked out within a few days
and put into operation Immediately.
Contracts, he said, will not be abro-
gated, but will be shifted so as to
work no hardship on either the seller
or user Of coal.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01

One thing certain is that the Ger
man government isn't paying the l.
w. w. for constructive work.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
Most Dependency Discharges Were
for Wife or for Wife and Children.

A statement by the Provost Mar
shall General shows that of S59,150
total discharges for dependency 743,-
141, or $3.50 per cent, were for wife
or wife and children; widowed parent,
6.51 per cent; infrm parent, 5.75 per
cent; motherless child, 0.66 per cent;
minor orphan brothers and sisters,
0.58 per cent.
Of the total of 1867, 1868 men certi-
fled for service in the national army
4lS,3O9, or 1886 per cent, are listed
as involuntary conscripts-those who
failed to appear or filed unsuccessful
claims for exemption or discharge.
Voluntary conscripts--those who filed
no claims for exemption or discharge
numbered 639,054.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
Chautauqua and LyCeum Systems
Handle Smilage Book Sales in
Small Cities.

The sale of smilage books, contain
ing coupons good for admission to
theaters and entertainment tents in
all army camps and environments, is
handled in the smaller cities and
towns throughout the country by
chautauqua and lyceum organizations.
The books come in two sizes, for
sale at 81 and S.. When sent to a
man in camp smilage book carries
the name of the donor on the cover.
German Newspaper Asks Clear
Statement of Peace Terms.
From uncensored sources the Com
mittee on Public Information has re-
ceived editorial comment on the Pres
ident's recent message in the Frank
furter Zeitung, a liberal organ with
large circulation throughout the Ger
man Empire. The following para
graph appears in the translation:
"The foundation for the peace nego-
tiations has not yet been found, but
we have approached much nearer to
it. Wilson seeks a way out of the
war and does so in a manner not en-
tirely in accord with US. We see no
reason for exposing ourselves any
longer to the charge of lack of clarity
about our war aims. Germany and
her allies should come out openly
with their terms. Then perhaps it
will be seen that a continuation of the
war can be avoided and the resist
ance of governments to the desire for
peace of their peoples can be over
come"
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
Insignia on Shoulder Loops Denote
Rank of Wearer,

The rank of commissioned officers
of the United States Army is shown
by insignia on the shoulder loops.
The shoulder loops of a general
bear the coat of arms, of the United
States and two silver stars; lieuten-
ant general, one large and two small
silver stars; major general, two sill
yer stars; brigadier general, one sill
yer star; colonel, silver spread-eagle;
lieutenant colonel, silver leaf; major,
gold leaf; captain, two silver bars;
first lieutenant, one silver bar; Sec
ond lieutenant, no loop insignia.
The shoulder loop of chaplain
bears a Latin cross.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
Pay of Enlisted Men Ranges from
$50 to $S1 Month.

The pay of enlisted men depends on
their grades, ratings, and length of
service. From June /, 1917, and con-
tinuing during the term of the war
the pay of enlisted men is as fol-
lows:
Men receiving $50: All privates,
the army entering grade.
Men receiving $33: First-class pri-
Yates, men promoted to act in minor
non commissioned officer capacity.
Men receiving $50: Corporals, sad
dlers, mechanics, farriers and wag-
oners, and musicians of the third
class.
Men receiving $38: All sergeant
grades in the line, which include In
fantry, Field Artillery, Coast Artil-
lery, and Cavalry; cooks, horse
shoers, band corporals, and musi-
clans of the second class.
Men receiving $44: Sergeants OF
the various corps of the Engineers
Ordnance, Signal Corps, Quartermas-
ter Corps, and Medical Department
band sergeants and musicians of the
first class.
Men receiving $4S: Battalion SER
gcant majors, squadron sergeant ma
jors, sergeant majors (junior grade),
sergeant buglers, master gunners, and
assistant band leaders of the line.
Men receiving $51: Regimental ser
geant majors, regimental supply ser
geants, sergeant majors (senioI
grade), quartermaster sergeants OF
the Quartermaster Corps, ordnance
sergeants, first sergeants, electrician
sergeants of the first class, assistant
engineers and battalion sergeant ma
jors and battalion supply sergeants
of the Engineers.
Men receiving $50: Sergeants, first
class, of the Medical Department.
Men receiving $71: Hospital SER
geants, master engineers of the jun
Tor grade, and engineers.
Men receiving $81: Quartermaster
sergeants of the senior grade of the
Quartermaster Corps, band leaders,
master signal electricians, master
electricians. master engineers of the
senior grade, and master hospital
sergeants.
All enlisted men, while on detached
duty not in the field where there are
no army quarters available, receive
in addition to their pay $15 per month
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
PRICES IN THE
CIVIL WAR PERIOD

The high cost of living during the
Civil War has been used for half
century as a sort of standard for COM
parsons. Prices then, and especial
ly in 1868, were beyond all previous
experience. Poor people, and even
people in moderate circumstances, Of
ten found them prohibitive. Strikes
| and mass meetings were not uncom-
mon. Parades were organized to de-
mand lower prices and higher wages.
Indeed, a writer in the New York
Times declares that the social unrest
"was far more serious than any we
know today"
Prices rose steadily from 1861 to
1868. The level reached in the third
year of the war was the high-water
mark. The increase for the period
varied from 60 to rs per cent, and in
some instances was 100. One of the
chief sources of complaint was the
cost of sugar, which rose to IL or Is
cents pound. One of the curiosities
of the list was the price of butter,
which for a long time hung around
80 cents a pound. Cotton sold at one
time at 81 yard. Other interesting
facts are given by this writer:
SALOONS felt the pinch also in
1868. A meeting of saloon owners
was held in New York to consider the
problem, and in the face of great pub
lie opposition the price of drink of
liquor was raised from &c to 10c.
The best hotels raised their rates to
$3.50 and later to $500 day, and
charged extra for heat and light
The rate included room and three
meals day. The BARRIERS demanded
10c for shaving and 20 cents for a
hair cut. Ice was considered great
luxury and was supplied at the rate of
so cents week for a supply of ten
pounds day.
"The average cost Of foods, it is
seen, was well below the prices Of to-
day. The explanation Of the violent
protests throughout the country will
be found, however, in the compare
lively low wages paid in the trades
and professions. Banners borne in a
parade in New York demanded a
wage of SLIP a day. The average
rate for common labor rose as high
as $1.25 for a days work. Even the
skilled workman Jared little better.
The wages of blacksmiths rose from
$1.75 to 50 day, while the brick
layers of 1868 received 81 a day in
stead of SIPS, as at the beginning Of
the war. A skilled painter received
$1.75 day, joiners and ship-builders
so, quarrymen Slip. Coachmen were
paid $50 a month and walters from
$12 to $18 a month.
"The prices of food and clothing
reached far greater heights in the
South. In a dairy kept by Mrs. JEFF
ferson Davis it is recorded that in
1862, in Richmond, mutton sold for
81 cents a pound, potatoes for So a
bushel, flour at $500 barrel, and a
turkey brought $50. A pair of boots
cost $25. Many of these prices were
due to speculation in food. At one
time beef sold for Sc pound and
flour 81 900 barrel.
"These extraordinary prices, how
ever, were fictitious. 1t made all the
difference in the world whether the
bills were paid in gold or in Confed-
crate money. At this time an Eng
lishman wrote from Charleston that
he had never lived so well and so
cheaply. The regular hotel rates in
paper money were $40 day, but they
cost the Englishman but IS. a day.
| The bill was paid in gold"
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
MAJOR AND REVELLE TO
END LAW PARTNERSHIP

Former Gov. Elliott W. Major and
Charles G. Revelle, state insurance
commissioner and later a Missouri
Supreme Court Justice during the Mal
jor administration, have decided to
break up their partnership in the
practice of law on February 2, and
will establish individual firms, The
Star learned today.
Major and Revelle told reporter
for The Star that they will act thus
purely for business reasons and, not
because of any disagreement. Since
Major has been out of office, the two
have been practicing law together IL
an office in the Federal Reserve Bank
building.
FOR TRUSSES
Supporters, Belts, Shoulder Braces,
Clutches, Crutch Tips, see E. M. Laak-
man, Druggist.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
WE ARE PROUD

Because the United States has
loaned $3,566, 100000 to foreign gov
ernments. -,
Because the United States will
spend $18,674, 1884 in the first year
of the war.
Because this is almost one quarter
the sum that Great Britain, France,
Italy, Russia, Germany, Turkey, Bull
garia and Austria-Hungary have
spent for maintenance throughout the
war.
Because this is sum seventeen
times as great as the amount neces-
sary to run the government in the
fiscal year Of 1915.
Because $500, 100000 is being spent
in the cause of aviation alone.
Because S45,15,000 will go for war
insurance on vessels.
Because S176,250,064 will be needed
for the operation of the soldiers in
surance bill for the first year.
Because the total expended for all
the nations on both sides is only nine
ty billion dollars, or four times as
much as the United States will spend
in the first year.
Because the postal revenues for this
year, it is estimated, will net three
hundred and thirty-four million dol
lars, and the new Senate bill an addi-
tional two billion, four hundred mil
lion dollars in good American money.
Because, despite all these taxes and
expenditures, despite the sending of
one billion, eight hundred and sixty
million dollars to Great Britain; six
hundred and fifty million dollars to
France; one hundred and sixty mil
lion dollars to italy, and ninety-seven
million, five hundred thousand dollars
to Russia, there is still apparently
plenty of money in America, and ev-
erybody seems prosperous and salts
fed with financial conditions.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
40 to SO Men Required for Each Air
plane in Active Service.

piane IN ACtlNe SERVICE.
In a statement issued by Howard
f. Coffin, chairman of the Aircraft
Production Board, is the following:
an discussing the accomplishments
of the air service in the consumma-
ton of the army program, it will be
well to point out the impossibility of
certain proposals enthusiastically and
persistently put forward by word Of
mouth and in the press. We have
seen and heard much of the proposal
of 100000 airplanes' to be provided
by the United States within the next
year. In a country where one great
industry produces 100000 motor
cars per year, the fabrication of 100,-
600 planes might seem easy, but ac-
tual figures based upon three years Of
practical experience in the war show
that there are now between 40 and so
men of the auxiliary services required
for each active machine at the front.
If this same ratio should be adhered
to in our service, it would mean that
some 100000 men would be required
in our aeronautical department on
foreign soil between our ports Of de-
barkation and the fighting front.
Gwen though this number Of men
could be reduced by so per cent by
increased efficiency and STANDARDIZED
ton, the number required is still stag
gering. Consider, also, the overseas
transportation problem as related to
material only and without reference
to personnel and it's maintenance.
The transportation of finished planes,
properly Grated. with the necessary
spares. accessories, and equipment is
in itself serious problem, in view of
the situation in ship tonnage
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
See Prospect of portage of Ice
Next Summer.

A large harvest and storage of nat,
ural ice for summer use is being
urged, accompanied by the statement
that unprecedented demands for am
monia by the army and navy indicate
shortage in this chemical so wide
ly used in producing ice and refrig-
Grafton.
A shortage Of ice during warm
weather in 1918 would result in un-
told waste Of perishable foods in the
home, in small creameries, and other
establishments dependent upon cot
slant ice service. The United States
Department of Agriculture has for
distribution complete information OF
the harvesting and storing of natural
ice.
The number of women employed in
munition factories has increased from
$500 in 1910 to more than 100000 in
1917, according to a report made to
the National League of Women's SER
vice, and 100000 women are engaged
in industrial work which is directly
or indirectly necessary to carry on the
war.
Under the new food regulations
Swiss people are allowed only one
fifth of pound of butter per person
per month.
Red Cross appropriations for work
in Italy from November /, 1917, tC
May /, 1918, total $4,771, 800.
Four tons of shipping capacity are
required to transport soldier and an
other ton is necessary for his equip.
ment. In addition, it takes so pounds
of ship capacity a day to keep him
supplied with food, clothing and am.
munition.
The United States, importing before
the war as much as $10,000.000 worth
of aniline dyes year, in 10 months
of last year exported dyes valued al
12,500,000.
A million checks a month will soor
be going forward from the bureau
of war-risk insurance to safeguard
Americas fighting forces and theil
families. Applications from soldiers
and sailors for insurance are near
$4,000,000,000.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1918-02-01
Running the world henceforth is not
going to be a confidence game.

A correspondent of the N. Y. Sun
suggests the delivery of coal by air
route, SO as to help the traffic conges-
ton. 1t could thus be deposited in
cellars or on housetops. Better still,
directly into chimneys.