davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17
THE COMING BATTLE

Everything indicates the great battle in Flanders will
be renewed in the very near future. Hindenburg has it
is estimated 1,500,0 600 men assembled for his supreme eff
fort to smash through the allied lines. The allies await
the attack with perfect confidence and declare they are
ready to meet, and able to cope with any forces the Ger
man leader can send against them. Since the last goat
battle in which the allied forces we're placed in jeopardy
by the mistakes, or worse, of a British general, the COM
mand of all the forces has been in the hands of one man,
General Foch. This will prevent another fiasco like that
mentioned, when because of the retirement Of the British
under General Cough the French mad to fall back a long
distance in order to close the gap left between the British
and French armies. Besides this placing full power with
one man there is another advantage in the coming battle
and that is that there are now in France fully half a mil
lion Americans and a large portion of these should be
available in the coming battle. If they are, here in
America at least we all feel that they will give such an
account of themselves as will make the boches shy about
attempting to swarm over them. A half million A"er-
leans is a pretty big and hard bunch to whip.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

know as well as | do, James, your lamentations are a fake;
we'll lose, p%erchance, a brace of games--the series we are
bound to take. What if our armies sometimes slide, and
lose a nil, a tor or tarn? You know we'll get the Teuton's
hide, and nail it deftly to the barn" Thus shamed by
my Amanda Jane, | shoe my dotard fears away, and q,
kerwhooping down the lane, to market the neighbors feel
more gay. Men stand around and seat and quake when
news OF evil luck arrives, but there is nothing that can
shake the Spartan courage of their wives. Oh, woman, in
your hours of ease, you play bridge whist for fun or kale.
but when the war flags hit the breeze, you shame the
rabbit hearted male.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

shooting, but no further trace of the
man shot at could be found. From this
it is evident that if it was not Baldwin
was SOMEONE who did not want to be
found by the officers of the law.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

The Shipping Board is waking up to the fact that ships
built for use in the coastwise trade, even though made OF
wood will relieve more big steel ships now engaged in
trade on the Pacific or the Atlantic coast, A fleet OF
Oregon built wooden ships to bring the wheat of Australia
to this country is indispensable. If the war is to last for
two or three years yet, as some in high authority believe,
this service on the Pacific may be the means of preventing
a bread shortage that would make our armies useless. The
Shipping Board announces that the contracts recently let
for the building Of 200 wooden ships will be followed by
another lot of 200 ships of 200 tons each being built, and
as many of these as Oregon %shipyaIds can handle will be
contracted in this state.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

Oregon must furnish 1900 men for the new draft, and
Of these Marion county must supply rs. District number
one which includes the southern part of the county and
Salem will furnish AZ and district number two, the north
end Of the county will be called on for 28. The Capital
Journal gave the names of those called in this district in
its issue of Thursday, and this will be the first notice
many of those drawn will receive, as the notifications
were mailed after the paper went to press.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

If, as some politicians assert, no ~airplanes have been
built what has become of the immense amount of air.
plane timber sent east? The truth is that the critics are
disappearing the facts. The call now is to speed up
aircraft material production to 100000 feet a month.
If this amount of timber is necessary someone is surely
building a fleet Of aircraft of some size.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

While Senators Chamberlain, Brandegee and other
obstructionists attack and villify the administration,
Secretary Baker, the chief target of their attacks, goes
light ahead making good. News comes now from Europe
that the English and French are astounded at the plans
of the Americans for prosecuting the war and the great
progress made. Before the end Of the year it is asserted
that 100000 men will be on the fighting front with a
vast number of auxiliary workers behind the lines.
While his critics seek to hamper and retard his work it is
already admitted Secretary Baker is carrying out every
promise to the American people made at the time his
testimony was given before the military affairs
committee
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

The people Of the United States through their uncle
Samuel have loaned Siberia 100000 making $8,000,00O
in all we have loaned that country, 1t will probably need
still further assistance as the people are reported as starv-
ing in some sections owing to lack of transportation
facilities. They all borrow Of Uncle.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

The appointment of Chas. E. Hughes, late republican
for president, to investigate the aircraft
bureau, gives the lie to the assertion Of the Oregonian and
other partisan newspaper organs, that the probe is to be
a mere political withdrawing affair. 1t is up to Hughes,
the biggest republican of them all, to get at the real facts.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-05-17

Uncle Sam has ordered the Italian flag displayed on all
public buildings May "a, that being the day on which
italy entered the war. AS our good old Uncle Samuel
does not own any Italian flags his postmasters and others
in charge Of public buildings are supposed to hustle
around and borrow them.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14

and his profession as wholly indispensa-
bic to the modern world He declares:
Engineering, in one sense the youngest
and in another the Oldest OF all the learned
professions, has attained its Importance
and high standing mainly during the asst
half century. 1t is universally acknowl-
edged to be the profession of progress;
and all thinking people concede that With
out 1t the advancement of the world wou
come Immediately to standstll, and even
the maintenance of modern civilization
would be impracticable. just imagine what
civilization would be without the steam
engine, railroads. steamboats,, brid-cs the
telegraph, the telephone, water works sew
erage, the typewriter, electrical machinery
the gas engine, the automobile m n .ng
metallurgy. applied chemistry, water power
steel buildings, reinforced concrete con-
structions, agricultural machinery and irri-
cation! All these activities and IN ny
others too numerous to mention come with
IN the province of the engineer, and their
development has been his task
"Never before in history has mankind
been 50 dependent upon the engineer. The
existing war is essentially a war of er gi-
neers; for it is they who are manufacture
ing the guns, ammunition, vess Is motors
and the other paraphelnalia requis tie for
carrying on the struggle, and who are at
tending to the transportation of men, muni-
ticns, food, and all other supplies by both
land and sea, besides doing their fair share
ot the lighting The public is now begin
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14

roundness of the earth, that if the earth
be represented by an 18-inch globe. the
difference between its greatest and least
diameters would be only about one-six-
teenth Of an inch the highest mountains
would project only about ninetietb Of
an inch, and the average elevation of con-
tinerts and depths of the ocean would be
hardly greater on that scale than the thick
ness of film of varnish. Relatively. the
earth is really much smoother and rounder
than most of the balls in a bowling alley.
There various ways of determining
the diameter of the earth. The best, in fact
the only accurate one, is by measuring arcs
of meridian, to ascertain the number
of miles or kilometres in a degree of the
earth's circumference
There are various approximate methods.
one Of the simplest of which is the follow
ing:
Erect upon a reasonably level plane
three rods in line, a mile. apart from each
other and cut off their tops at the same
level, carefully determined with a survey
or's levelling instrument. 1t will then be
found, on sighting across from A to C (ie-
ure 56) that the line, after allowing for
refractlon, passes about eight inches below
b, the top Of the middle rod
Suppose the circle ABC completed. and
that E is the point of the circumference
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
In Competition With
"BLLWXY!?X"

4 STREET and station indicator for
L use on trolley or interurban rail
way cars has been perfected and patent
ed recently by John o. Lough. Accord
ing to THE Electrical Experimenter,"
the invention ''has considerable merit"
1t
comprises suitable inclosure cabinet in
side of which there is supported revolv-
able drum on the periphery of which there
are suspended pivotally a large number of
signs, each of which is labelled progress
sively with the street numbers for gwen
car route. Just after passing each street
an auxiliary electric circuit is closed which
operates an electro magnet placed within
the announcer cabinet, this magnet actu-
ating set of paws arranged in the man
ner shown in the drawing herewith. AT
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14

ming to recognize the truth of the sayings
that, when something of Importance has
to be cone it is necessary to call in the
engineer and that eng neers are pre-
eminently the producers of results
Concerning the relative importance of
the engineers work in the world TODAY. it
may be stated, without any res rvaton,
that 1t is he who is responsible for our
present civilization in the material sense
and even, poss bly,, also IN the mental
sense. 1t is truly an engineers age. Coun-
tries are built up and torn down by the
engineer He is a creator; he ings to-
gether elemental forces and gives them
direction. He takes the natural things
from the earth and makes of them the
complex things of life. If his work were
to cease the world would retrog AIDE to un-
clVliizatlon as we understand the word to-
day
Engineering works are the surest index
to the state degree of civilization to
which nation has arrived; and, owing to
the rapid progress and readjus ments which
VIII be the outcome of the war, these same
works Will undergo a more rapid change
and growth in given time than history
has yet shown. What may have seemed
colossal engineering work few years since
VIII become commonplace henceforth. An
illustration of this is the growth in the
size of steamships. How MANY times we
have heard of huge vessels having been
constructed and regarded as the final word
IN marine Architectural Drvdocks have
been oulit to take care of the largest vessel
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
4 Mistakes We Were
lVl Able to Avoid

In the development of this organizations
have been fortunate, for we have been
able to profit by the experiences of the
British and French armies, which have been
placed so freely at the disposal of our
engineers. We have been able. for IN
stance, to avoid the mistake Of making mo-
bile units directly responsible for their
own water supply We have, at the very
beginning done what our allies did only
after paying the price for their experience
and reorganizing their systems of water
supply: We have organized water supply on
a geographical rather than upon a shift nc
military unit basis, The big advantage of
this plan is tha. the water supply force
in each district remains continue ly in
charge of work with which it is familiar,
instead, as was the in the first year of
the war, Of being moved from one locality
to another, facing new set OF conditions
with regard to the supply of water, at each
shift.
"To large extent water for our allies
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
akhaN The Great Workshop Of Science ggzaY}8aR

tnat would ever be constructed, yet in
few years these same docks are found to
De totally inadequate to handle ANYTHING
pu' enat which has come to be considered
vessel Of ordinary size. The same re-
marx applies to bridge load, d,ngs. MANY
orldges have been built to take care of all
possible future loads, and yet the weights
OF locomotives and loaded cars have in
creased so fast that the structures are ont
OF date long before they show anv sign of
deter1oratlcn from the elements This
analogy could be continued indefinitely to
Apply 10 actual cases concerning transpor-
tation systems, Office buildings, canals.
water works, etc.
The increase in requirements or demand
seems 10 be IN an ever-augmenting ratio.
the curve varying with the periods of bust
ness prosperity and depression. In short.
engineering works will always meet the
demand; and the demand is increasing
steadily. 1t is quite reasonable to imagine
the city of New York as having grown TO n
city of twenty million inhabitants. and
"hen such a change exists there will be
engineering works such as bridges, tunnels
water works, transportation systems etc.
IN which almost lnconceivable sums of
money have been invested If there is a
compelling need for a structure of unpre
ceoented size, then that structure viii be
nuilt-the cost is merely a relative matter.
uiVen enough money (and the money will
De found, If the need is sufficiently imper-
atiVe)' there is almost no engineering feat
that cannot be ACCOMPLISHED"
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14

on the basis of consumption of $50 to
zoo gallons per capita per day mus recon-
slruct his ideas when he reaches the front
ana compares these figures with military
allowances Tor advance areas. For an ad
Vanclng army the consumption oftent;me.
must be as low as half gallon soldier
daily. Three days after the beginning Of
movement, during which time the water
supply forces have been able to extend
their lines forward, the allowance man
daily Is increased to one gallon
I'm the design Of water delivery points
at the front engineers must give great
aeal OF attention to the horse and mule
nus. recalling the fact that an animal
needs from seven to ten times as much
water as man, 1t is clear that the water
supply engineer must often provide more
water for animals than for the men actu
ally engaged in fighting"
Taking It all in all, providing suf-
hcient water supply for an army is
hazardous business. The author con-
cludes:
Pipe lines are broken and must be kent
in repair Mechanical equipment is pretty
much of minus quantity. Casualties de-
plete the working force But come what
may, the water supply engineers must st ck
TO the job and keep the delivery of water
close up behind the troops moving ahead"
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
Facts About the Globe
We Own

\ SERIES of articles by Captain
Fritz E. Uttmark, constituting "a
practical instruction course in naviga-
tion," is appearing in "The Wireless
Age Until one has acquired knowledge
OF the dimensions and motions of the
earth, says the writer, it is impossible to
go 5ar IN the study Of astronomy which
underiies that Of navigation So in one
chapter are listed such familiar, pri
mary facts as that the earth is round
and rotates on it's axis-together with
other facts not quite SO familiar. They
arc given as follows:
a. The earth is great ball about 1920
miles in diameter
Y 1t rotates on its axis once in twenty
TOUR sldereal hours.
g. 1t is not exactly spherical. but is
Hattened at the poles, the polar diameter
beng nearly twenty-seven miles, or about
one two hundred and ninety fifth part. less
than the equatorial.
Il. 1t has a mean density between SIS
and 56 as great as that of water, and
mass represented in tons by six with twen-
ty-one ciphers following
"5 1t is flying through space in it's orbj
tai motion around the sun with velocity
OF about eighteen and half miles Sec
ond; l. e., about seventy-fve times as
swiftly as an ordinary cannon ball
1t is not necessary to dwell on the ordi-
nary proofs of the earth's globularity We
Will simply mention them
81. 1t can be circumnavigated.
"2. The appearance of vessels coming in
from sea indicates that the surface is
everywhere convex.
"3. The fact that the dip of the sea hori-
zon as seen from given elevat on, is (sen-
slbly) the same in all directions. and at
all parts of the earth, shows that the sur
face is approximately SPHERICAL
"A. The fact that one goes from the
equator toward the north the elevation of
the pole increases in proportion to the
distance from the equator proves the same
thing.
IS. The outline of the earths shadow.
seen upon the moon during lunar eclipses,
is such as only sphere could cast
1--WE may add as to the smoo.hness and
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14

commentaries its date. 10 the gentlcr colors
of to-day
"Rcader. so out into your garden, took at
the purple and saffron of the crocuses-
look at the rose pink of the Almonds the
reds and yelows Of the primrosos, the pale
gold of the jasmine and perhaps some early
daffodil, and think of coal tar, oily, guti-
NOUS provcrbial for its dirt. Touch pitch
and be defled, indeed! Touch it with the
magic wand of organic chemistry, and out
of it, out of Pandora's box, stream the
colors of the kaleidoscope, the principles of
life of health, of sweetness; out Of it, too,
death and destruction-hi explosives.
"Just as the natural naphtha, the per
petual fire. of the Zcroastrians, that water
that was poured by Elijah in the altar
trench upon Mount Carmel and consumed
the sacrifice, once floating IN shiny masses
on the waves of some untapped spring in
Southern Russia or Asia Minor. is trans
formed into the cheerful flare of the street
market and of the swings and boats of the
village merry go-round, so the Installations
Of long unregarded coal tar have their more
complex uses for a thousand purposes and
in million scenes remote from coal"
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14

fishes these water points at frequent in
terva!s. and divisional or other units must
assume responsibility for getting the water
from them to their men and animals by
iight railway, wagon transport. motor
truck, hand carrying or such other means
as tie local situation may demand
During an advance the sequence of opera
tons re ating to water supply begins with
horse-drawn transport by individus, mill
tary units from existing water delivery
points. Then, as the distance from these
water bases to the new front increases
water tank trains operate up to point
where pack mule or other service begins
These water tank trains are operated by
the quartermasrer department and tide
over the period during which enpircers OF
the water supply service are establishing
new water points in advance OF the old
ones. 1t is absolutely essential for the
success Of the movement of troops forward
that the distance between water points and
the rear of advancing units shall not be so
great as to make tie transport of water
difficult. AS a general rule, I am told, this
distance should not exceed four or five
miles.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
WAYS Of Getting Water
w In a Hurry


Behind rapid advance OF troops the
following methods of supplying water are
employed: - Hand portage in bottles and
cans. (2) Horse drawn carts 90 Tank
trains and cars. a Construction Of new
water delivery points. (5) Laying new
pipe lines. 60 Equipment OF advanc.
pumping stations. Each case determines
the method combination OF methods that
will serve best
For advance areas the present war has
developed the water point which assumes
various forms. 1t may be wel the end
OF pipe line. trough. an elevated tank
of metal or wood merely reservoir
OF canvas 1t establishes however, a line
OF demarcation between the work Of the
special water supp forces and to troops
in the held-between producer and CON
sumner The water supply service estab-
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
From The Electrical Eeperi,aenter

each impulse of the electro-magnet and
pawl system the drum carrying the various
street signs is moved around short dis
tance, Just sufficient TO bring the next
street sign in position before the opening
IN the cabinet An electric bell can be ar
ranged to signal each change of the an
nouncer so that passengers will pay proper
attention to the device, although once it is
installed a short time, patrons will soon
become accustomed to it. We believe Mr.
Lough deserves vote of thanks from a
long suffering public, as all that we can
nope TO learn concerning the name of the
next street announced at present il q cor-
glomeratlon of vowels and consonants tina.
sounds ke-BLLWXY! ?X."
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
The Lovable Snak e

or ALL the unreasoning, wasteful
prejudices that beset the race of
men, our hatred of snakes is one of the
most foolish. In this country we have
about III species, and only seventeen Of
1hese are poisonous. The most common
snakes are absolutely harmless and ex-
tremely useful. Yet they are killed with
Will be as bare Of snakes as Ireland is
reputed to be.
But In a time of national crisis fool
ish prejudices must go by the board, and
-Nr snakes must be protected. Gayne
l. Y. Norton, in american Forestry"
saysN ''The pests they destroy each year,
especially the rodents that injure crops
and carry communicable diseases, roll up
large balance of good service in their
favor"
Rodents cause a loss to the nation of
some $500, 900 year, and one-ffth
OF this represents destruction of crops.
The reason for this appalling damage
lies In the rapid breeding that character
ICES all rodents. One investigator
pared two common house rats late in
December. By the middle Of the next
September he had $50 rats. Mr.. Norton
further declares:
Reptiles very important factor in
'he natural work of restraining the too
rapid increase of rodents. Practically all
our snakes feed upon rodents. One in
particular which has wide range, is var
lously called milk snake. house snake,
spotted adder. checkered adder, finds
~ per cent of it's diet in small mann
mails. This reptile together with dozens
OF others, is absolutely harmless, defence
'ess and in no way destructive, though many
ridiculous tales are told about it.
Inc gross ignorance regarding our
snakes causes slaughter of all things that
wear scales and crawl. Farmers should
protect and breed the harmless snakes
rather than kill them. Many European
countries have protective legislation. :.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-14
First Hand Earthquake
News

a soLCOLOGlST of the Carnegie
Geophyscal Laboratory reports
that ne has nearly perfected apparatus for
recording upon wax cylinders the sub
terranean sounds Of earthquakes. SAYS
The Scientific American" The ordi-
nary commercial cylinders are insult
able FOR this delicate work, and accord
ingly the laboratory has secured a sup
ply of cylinders of the old, pure wax
type. The microphone used in this con-
nectlon has also been greatly improved
and perfect little portable field outfit
weighing less than pound has been
evolved"