Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-02-11

union and the LNItt' To MAKE eHFI .
their cam to determine their ovu al (.
le-lauces ami their own forms Of no.
Htical lfte Governments mu~t uew
be entered into which will render
such things impossible for the future.
and these covenants must b. backed
by the united force 81 am The nations
thar love Justice amt are villa. 20
maintain IL al any cost If territorial
settlements and political relations oi
populations which haye not tne or
Eani7ed power to resist are to DE- dc-
tcrmined boy the contracts of the
powerful governments which consider
thtm most directly affected. as Count
IiC..liu- proposes, why may MOI eco
nOmic questions also u Ia, come
about in the altered world in which
We now find ourselves that justice and
the rights OF peoples affect the whole
held of international dealing Us much
as access 10 raw materials and tair
and equal conditions of trad touu,
Won IertliuS wants the essential basis
ol commercial and industrial lite %
be safeguarded by common agree
ment and guarantee. hut he cannot
expect that TO De conceded him if the
other matters to be determined by
the articles Of peace are not handled
in the same way a. items In the final
accounting.
He cannot ask the hcnfts OF com
mon agreement in the one field with
out according il in the other | take
Il for. granted that he secs that sep
aratc and selfish compacts with re-
gard 10 trade and tn essential mater
, ials OF manufacture would afford no
foundation for peace. Neither, he may
} rest assured, will separate and selfish
! compacts with regard to provinces
aud the peoples
Count Czcrnn seems % see the fun
! damcntal elements OF peace with clear
eqcs AMI does NOT seek to obscure
them. He sees that an Independent
, Poland. made up OF all the indis puta-
? bic Polish areas that lie contiguous
, 10 one another, Is a matter OF Euro
! pean concern and must OF course be
conceded: that Belgium must be eVac-
/ ulted and restored. no matter what
: sacrifices and concessions that may In
, yolye, and that national aspirations
, must be satisfied even within his own
! empire in the common interest OF tu-
Q rope and OF mlnkiH II he IS silent
! about questions which touch the in
tprest and purposes OF his allies more
5 nearly than they touch tho,' OF ANS
J tria only, it must. OF course, ne ne
o cause he feels constrained, ] suppose,
S tc defer to Germany and Turkey in the
@ Circumstances. Secing and conccd-
/ ing. as he does. the essential primer
J. pies involved and the necessity oi can
/ didly applying them. ne naturally
. feels that Austria can respond to ne
q PURPOSES OF peace rs expressed by inc
y United States with less embarrasS
g nent than could Germany. lie proc
o ably could have gone much farthe' na'
t II MOI been for he em0arrass ment Q
e Austrian alliances and her depend
e once on Germany
II After all. the TEST OF whether ii Is
uossiblo for either government to e
u any farther in this comparison o
views is simple and obvious. Inc
:, principles 70 be applied are these:
40 FlRST--That each part OF the
. final settlement must be based upon
r. the essential Judgment Of that par
T. tcuIar case, and upon such adjust
ments as are most likely TO bring
a peace that will be permanent;
Z sEcOND-That peoples and prov
d inces are not to be bartered about
IT, from sovereignty TO sovereignty as It
~ they were mere chattcIs and paWns
Il in a game, even the great game now
no forever dscredted Of the balance
Il OF power; but that,
n. TAlRD-Every territorial settle.
u ment involved III this war must be
of made in the interest and for the
- benefit Of the populations concern.
VI ed and not as a part Of any mere
t. adjustment and compromise OF
u claims amongst rival states; and
lr FOURTH-rhat all we'll defined
'" national aspirations shall be accord.
'I ed the utmost satisfaction that can
1" be accorded them without introduc-
" ina new or perpetuating old ele-
ments Of discord and antaeonlsm
that would be likely in time to break
the peace Of Europe and conse-
quenty Of the world.
49, \ general peace erected upon sue
foundations can be discussed Unit
,, such a peace can be secured We hav
of no choice but TO 20 on. SO far as W
no can judge, those principles that "
m. regard as fundamental are aread
. everywhere accepted except anon
lin the spokesman Of the military an
~. annexatilnist parry in Germany.
we ihcy have anywhere else been objcc
ali cl to the DIRECTORS have not bee
nd sufficiently numerous or Influential
to make their voices audible. The tral
nc cal circumstance is that this one par
lcr Is apparently willing and able