davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19
GOVERNMENT CLOSES CASE
 IN THE BERGER TRIAL
JUDGE LANDS DENIED MOTION TO TAKE THE CASE FROM THE JURY AND DISCHARGE
 DEFENDANTS.

Chica.o. Dec, 1S-The government closed its case in the trial Of Victor l.. Berger of Mijfaukee, and four otn- CT socialist leaders, charged with con- spiracy to violate the espionage law. After Judge Llndis denied a motion to take the case from the jury and daschalge defendants. the socialists began the presentation 0f their case by ealling Adolph Germer, general secretary of the National Socialist party, one of Che defendants. as the first witness
 Counsel for the defense asked to have certain government testimony 5earim3 on the question of consplr- acy excluded from the record, and Judge Landis reserved his decision on the motion.
 Germer said he was born in East Prussia, Germany 36 years ago and was brought to this country by his parents in December lS6S His fath- CT was d coal miner, and the family settled in Braceville Illinois. He joined the United Mine Workers of America in 1901 and held various of licial positions in the organization. iHe was state organizer in West Vlr- gina. Colorado and Oklahoma at uu- fcrent times. He described details of the National Socialist party's organ i1ation. and told of John Spargo' $ resiening from the executive commit tee after the St Louis convention, in May. l917, when the party adopted the proclamation of war program which caused factional strife n the Organization
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19
COMPLAINTS AGAINST
 Y. M. C. A. TO BE INVESTIGATED


 New York Dec l8.--Officials of the Y. Al. C. A will thoroughly investi gate complaints by wounded soldiers returning from France of the manner in which sits activities abroad are be. ing conducted, according to an an rouncemont here today by Dr. John R Mott general secretary of the as. sociation's war work council
 Addressing a meeting of the coun- ell hold to formulate 8 policy for the fest six months of 19l) Dr. Mott de ciared that the compla.nts have been so numerous and widespread, that .hey mnst be met Part of the crlti cism by soldiers has been that they charged more than privilege prices for cigarettes and other supplies.
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19
CONVICT GUARD
 KILLS FOUR CONNECTS

Bainbridge Ga, Dec lS-H. D Story aged lg. a convict guard, today shot and killed four heroes who tried to escape from the Decatur county farm
 The guard Groped his pistol and q negro convict picked it up and began to shoot A white convict knocked down the negro The four negroes then made a rush at the young guard but he levelled his rifle and shot the negroes. ono at time as they an- nroached. hittlne each between the eyes
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19

per cent This year British goods ag- eregate 70 per cent, French, 29 per cent, American, per cent and of doubtful origin. , per cent
 The doubtful goods this year in cmdc old stocks of German and Aus tran manufacture
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19
AMERICAN WARSHlP
 ORDERED TO BALTIC

Paris. Dec tS---An American war ship was ordered today to the Baltic to participate with the British fleet iu reopening those waters, presery- iue order and maintaining the tniel national character of the q monstra- ton
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19

yLNroot, of Washington, and Kenyon, of ~S7Sva. is designed to re- place the child labor law declared un- constitutional by the supreme court.
 Senators iHardwicil of Georgia, and Overman. of North Carolina, led the fight on it and on the roll call these senator's voted against its adoption;
 B nkhead of Alabama; Beckham, of Kentucky, HardwiCk, of Georgia Martin of Kentucky; Overman of North Carolina. Pollock of South Carolina. Simmons, Of North Caro- lima: Smith of Georgia; Smith Of lSouth Carolina: Thomas of Colorado, Underwood, of Alabama, and Williams of Mississippi.
 The amendment will go to con ference when the senate passes the revenue bill is said to have Pres ident Wilson's approval
 Constitutional questions principally were raised by senators speahiu- against the amendment They also declared that it's primary purpose is not to raise revenue, but to meet the decision of the supreme court in hold ing the former child labor act un- constitutional
 An amendment Go the postal zone section of the revenue Dill was in .troduced today by Senator Nickel lar Of Tennessee. It provides for zone system with the committed provision for rate of one cent pound for the first l5O miles retained In lieu of the rate of one half cen beyond that limit, the amendmen' provides for additional zones for . graduated increase in rates, the max imum Eeing six cents a pound fol second class matter sent 1S00 mile or more
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19
PROVISION IS MADE IN THE POST. OFFICE APPROPFlAT ON BILL
 PASSED BY THs HOUSE.
WAR DEPARTMENT TO
 TURN OVER AIRPLANES

Proposition Was Before the House to Appropriate s2,t85,ooo for the Pur. chase of Planes by the Postmaster Genersl-Third Class Postoffices to Have More Help.
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19
SCdHERN SENATORS
 OPPOSED THE MEASURE
s4Senate Leaders Hope For Passage Of <{he Bill By Next Monday With a View of An Extended Recess Over the Holidays-New Second Glass
 Postage Zone Rate Proposed.

Washington. Dec. 1lS.-~AdOption of a committee amendment imposinE ten per cent tax on profits from child la Dor products entering inter state com merce, was the only action by the senate today on the war revenue bin The vote on the amendment was 90 to 12, with democrats casting all the negative votes
 Debate on this contested provision and two hours uneXpecteil discus sion of other subjects delayed pro- gress on the oil but leaders still hope for it's passage by next Monday wiliI a view to securing an extended re- cess over the holidays
 Tomorrow the senate plans 70 take mp the amendment for repeal next July 1 for the existing zone system of second class postage rates and suD- sttution of a modified zone system.
 Several senators expect to deliver
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19
RENT THAT VACANT,
 ROOM

People looking for rooms turn to the classified ads of the newspapers to see what is offered. An ad In the Sentinel Record may bring a customer,
The Sentinel=record., 1918-12-19

CONTINUED ON PAGE Twol
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
BRITAIN PAYS HEAVY TOLL
Has Raised 100000 Men and Had
100000 Slain.

100000 Slain.
New York, Aug. 6.-Great Britain's
contributions to the success of the
Allies was made public here, on the
eve of the fourth anniversary of the
United Kingdoms entrance into the
war, by the British Bureau of Infor-
nation of the British War Mission.
Staggering figures that tell an elo-
auent story of sacrifice, heroic determi-
nation and accomplishment, are re-
Svealed by the bureau, which points out
that Great Britain and her colonies
have raised 100000 soldiers, of whom
100000 have been Slain and 1000, 900
are wounded or missing. England her.
self, it is said, has furnished go per
cent Of the fighters and suffered rs
per cent Of the casualties.
1t has been estimated, the bureau
says. that Britain has fought on II
fronts during the last four years, in.
GLIDING Belgium, France, Italy, Serbia,
Greece, Russia, Palestine, Mescpo.
tamia, China, and North, East and
West Africa.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
PEOPLE NOW FEAR DEFEAT
German Writer AssafIs Public for
Lack of Conffdence.

German Writer AssafIs Public for
Lack Of Confidence.
Amsterdam, Aug. Count Revent.
low, writing In the Tages Zeitung Of
Berlin on the anniversary of the fourth
year of the war;. says:
The beginning of the fifth year of
the war is marked in a large part of
the German press by reflections which
are overlooking with resignation, mel.
ancholy and whining"
The writer continues:
"The fearful defeatfsm which runs
through the German public life these
days, has a perniciously damning
effect, and, more SO, because with some
people the underlying view may be
perceived or is extremely stated by
them that if n would end the wal it
would, after all be an easy thing to
do, as n need only join Grey and
Wilson in the league of nations"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Penetrate the German Lines ia
Depth of Five Miles and
Compel Retreat.
BLACK JACK" REPORTS
General Pershing Says Artillery Ham
pers Foe Communications and
That Enemy Is Destroying
Quantities of Material.

Washington, Aug. 3.-General Per
shing. in a communique to the wal de-
partment, says American troops pursu.
Ing the enemy, whose forces on the
Soissons-Rheims front are falling back,
have penetrated to a depth of five
miles and their progress is contipu-
ing.
In Thursdays fight American troops
captured Hill $50, south Of Coulenges,
and the wood east of the hill. Ameri-
can aviators successfully bombed the
railroad station and yards at Contains,
numerous hits being made, the com.
munique says.
Enemy Falls Rack.
The text of the statement follows:
Section A-On the line of the
Ourcq our troops in hard fighting cap.
tured Hill 230, south of Coulenges, and
the wood east of the hill.
The enemy, r%elinguishing his efforts
to stop our advance commenced to
fall back with our troops in close
pursuit. The fire Of Jul artillery has
interrupted his communication and he
is attempting to destroy large quaint,
ties of material. Our advance, which
has already progressed to a depth OF
five miles, continues.
Our aviators successfully bombed
the railroad station and yards at Con.
fans. Numerous hits were made,
causing several fires and one large ex.
plosion. All of our machines re-
turned"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Failure of Submarine Campaign
Is Said to Be Cause of
His Dismissal.
SUCCESSOR is NAMED
Admiral Won HoItzendorff Is Retired
and Admiral Scheer, Commander
Of Battle Fleet, Becomes Ad-
miraIty Chief Of Staff.

Copenhagen, Aug. 3.-According to
an announcement by the semi-oficial
Wolff bureau of Berlin. Admiral Won
~Holtzendorff, chief Of the German adj
miralty staff, has been retired for
reasons Of health.
Admiral Reinhardt Scheer, COM
mander of the battle fleet, has been
designated to succeed Admiral Won
Holtzendorff.
Admiral Won Holtzendorf's position
in the yes of the German public has
been difficult of late because of the
failure of the U-boat campaign to re-
tard the sending of the American army
to France.
In a statement to the Cologne Ga
zette July 20, Admiral Won Holtzen-
dorff explained why German U-boats
were not sinking American transports.
He said that owing to the many points
OF debarkation at the disposal of the
Americans from the Forth Of Scotland
to the Mediterranean, the irregular
passage Of the transports, and the
strength Of the destroyer guards which
accompanied them, it was inexpedient
for the U-boats to lurk off these har-
bors on the chance of getting a shot
at them. The real object of the u
boats, he declared, was to reduce
enemy cargo space, since on this de-
pended the ability of the Allies to
continue the. war.
Admiral o HoItzendorff was re-
called from retirement and appointed
head of the German admiralty staff in
July, 1916. This appointment was re-
ported at the time as being regarded
in Berlin as a rebuke to the admirals
concerned in the battle with the
British feet off the coast of Jutland,
and an official admission that the out
come was not a German victory, as
had BEEN claimed.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
CANNOT REMEDY DELAY
General Pershing Says Casual
ties Come in Slowly.
Fact That Yankees Are Brigaded With
French and British Adds
to Difficulty.

Washington, Aug. 3.-General Perish.
ing, replying to a request that he ex-
pedite the lists of American casual.
ties in the fighting on the scissors
Rheims salient, cabled Secretary Bak-
er that the task of assembling the
names of the men is extremely diff
cult because of the limited mea of
communication in the battle areas and
owing to the fact that American
troops are brigaded with French and
British units.
Secretary Baker said no estimate of
casualties was contained in General
Pershing's csblegram. There was
nothing to indicate when the increased
casualty lists; resulting from the pres
ent severe fighting would begin to
come in.
Serve ihe Many Places.
Il have received a cablegram from
General Pershing in regard to reports
of casualties" said Mr.. Baker. HE
points out that Gur troops r still
widely separated, serving I'm many
places, and that our wounded are
taken to French and British hospitals
as we'll as our, own, causing great
difficulty and complication in securing
accurate information.
I'm addition to- This, the troops are
separated from their records while in
the area of conflict and must depend
upon very inadequate and temporary
telegraph lines which are subject to
frequent interruption, and must, for
the most part, be- devoted entirely to
the urgent business of the battle itself.
General Persfing me that
he is making every effort to collect
casualty lists, have them confirmed
and verified and that they will be
transmitted PROMPTLY"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Wants Congress to Amend Law
Making Men From 18 to
IS Years Eligible.
|T0 CALL YOUTHS LAST
Secretary of War Asserts Department
Has in Mind Simply to Secure a
Large Enough Army to Con-
quer Germany.

Washington, Aug. Elm DISCUSSING
the war departments recommends,
tions to Congress of draft ages from
1S to As years, Secretary Baker said
there was no intention of calling to
the colors youths between 18 and 1e
until the other classes have become
exhausted.
This policy was decided on, he said,
in order to give the youths an op.
portunfty to mature before they join
the army.
After formally announcing the new
draft ages, Secretary Baker said all
the possible combinations of age limits
were carefully studied and it was
found that to get the men into class
l for the program proposed, 10 to As
was necessary.
To Hold Young Men.
He said, however, that the bill as
read to Congress, will contain a pro.
vision authorizing the president to
call men out of class / by classes &C.
cording to age, so that if it is found
possible the men between 10 and 10
will be called out later than the older
men found eligible to class 1.
The War department program, the
wal secretary said, is purely a mill.
tary one and cannot be called a con
scription of labor, although it natur.
ally will have the effect of putting
at useful labor or in the army all
able-bodied men within the age limit
as they finally will be fixed by Con-
gress.
In recommending THIS extension of
the age limits, Mr.. Baker continued,
the department had it in mind simply
to get for the army the number of
men believed necessary to defeat Ger
many.
Mr.. Baker gave it as his opinion
that so far, about 1,60O,O 900 had been
drafted out of class / from the e x
listing list.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
GERMANY IN GRIP OF DESPAIR
Wild Rumors Say Kaiser and Hinden.
burg Are Slain.

Berne, Aug. 6.-'The Marine defeat
has produced unspeakable scenes OF
despair in Berlin" the Tageblatt de-.
clares. "Such outbreaks of utter dis.
couragement and downheartednesa
before were Witnessed"
The Frankische Tagepost deplorea
the wild rumors that the kaiser and
Won Hindenburg have been assassi.
mated and that Won Hindenburg was
killed in a duel with the crown prince
as b~etraying the most dangerous ner,
vousneSs.
The government threatens severe
penalties for those responsible fol
spreading these rumors.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
TWO POWERS TO ACT
America and Japan Only Will
Intervene in Russia.
Other Allied Nations Assent in Prin.
cipIe to Policy Which Will
Be Pursued.

Washington, Aug. 6.-The plans for
extending military aid to- Russia in
Siberia will be undertaken by the
United States and Japan alone, with
the other Allied co-belligerents assent.
ing in principle, according to official
statements by the American and Jap
anese governments, made here.
The United States and Japan will
each send "a few thousand men" to
Vladivostok to act as a common force
in occupying and safeguarding the
city and protecting the ear of the
westward moving Czecho-Slovak army.
The numbers of the: American troops
and from where they will go may not
be discussed.
To Send Aid to- Murmansk.
While the United States and Japan
are extending aid to the 'Czecho-Slovak
army in Siberia the United States will
continue to cooperate with the Allies
operating from Murmansk and Archan-
gel. To what extent and i'm what ma
ture is not announced.
The only present objects of the jap
anese-American forces will be to give
such aid and protection as possible to
the Czecho-Slovak forces against the
armed body of German and Austrian
prisoners Of wal and to steady any ef-
forts at self-government and self-de-
tense in which the Russians them.
selves may be willing to accept assist.
ance.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria Re-
treats Before British and
French.
KEEPING UP PRESSURE
Avre River Southeast of Amiens
and Also Compel Retreat in
the Region Of Albert.

London, Aug. 6.-Eyes are being
turned to the regions in the north
west on both sides of Amiens, now
that the Germans have been thorough.
ly vanquished thus far on the Sois-
sons-Rheims salient.
Here the French and British are
keeping up their hard pressure against
the armies Of Crown Prince Rupprecht
of Bavaria and have forced them on
two highly important sectors to re-
treat.
Southeast of Amiens on the old
Montdidier sector the Germans have
fallen back across the Avre river over
a wide front, while northeast of
Amiens. in the region of Albert a
similar retrograde movement has been
made across the Ancre.
Germans Face Greater Retreat.
The German official communication,
in admitting the withdrawal near
Albert, declares the maneuver was
carried out without interference by
the British.
Just what bearing these new Of
fensives will have on the fighting front
to which the Germans ultimately re-
treat for a stand in the Aisne region
cannot yet be forecast, but should the
Allied troops be able to press back the
line for any material gains eastward
1t is not improbable that it would dis
locate the entire German line in the
south.
Enemy Retires on 10-MiIe Front.
The retirement of the Germans be-
tween Montdidier and Moreuil is over
a front of approximately 10 miles. On
the southern half of this front, Ameri.
can contingents have been stationed
for some time. Along the northern
half of the line the French, on two
occasions, have driven into the Ger.
man lines so that their front before
h present German withdrawal began
ran along the hills dominating the
-Avre river from Castel to Aubvillers.
This withdrawal, taken in c~onjunc.
ton with the German retirement
across the Ancre, from Dernancourt
to Kamel, about IA miles to the north,
may mark the beginning of a German
strategic retreat" which may have
been planned to forestall a British at.
tack which London dispatches had in
sd1cted was imminent in this sector.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Plan to Prevent Food Waste.

London, Aug. 6.-The saving of food
has been carried into British homes in
a variety of ways, but no more eff.
fectively than in munition plans under
government supervision and in all mil.
itary camps and depots. The latest
placard to go up in canteens of the
mechanical transport depots reads:
by wasting food you are assisting tha
enemy and helping to prolong the war,
Don't take helpings OF food you do not
require. Don't crumble your breadl
Don't leave crustsl" 8.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Plans to Ease Sailors Life.

Washington, Aug. disappointment
of a special committee to make a study
of the manpower for the merchant ma.
rine and future trade requirements
was announced by the Shipping board.
1t includes George Nichols. a cotton
goods manufacturer Of Boston and
New York; A. s. Hebble of New York,
who is connected with the Southern
Pacific shipping service, and DR.. e. M,
Hopkins. president of Dartmouth col.
lege. Headquarters Of the COMMITTEES
tYSil be In New York.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Would Gust FiIlpino Cabinet.

Manila, P. L., Aug. 6.-Attorney
Recto, a member Of the opposition,
has asked the attorney general to in.
stitute quo warranto proceedings to
Gust all members of the cabinet. He
also has demanded that former Sena,
tor Palma, secretary of the interior,
he removed. Dismissal Of the cabinet
is demanded on the ground that they
were appointed under an act qualify
ing only Filipino citizens and therefore
In violation Of the fourteenth amend
ment to the constitution Of the United
States.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
CUT FRENCH WHEAT FIELDS
Germans Ship Thousands of Bushels
of Grain Home.

Germans Ship Thousands of Bushels
Of Grain Home.
With the American Army on the
Soissons-Rheims' Front, Aug. 6.-Thou
sands of bushels of French wheat have
been shipped home by German sold.
iers. The French and Americans dur.
ing their advance Of the last few days
have discovered that systematic plans
had been laid by the Germans for
reaping the harvest in the country
from which they have been driven.
The territory stretching northward
from the Marine is virtually great
wheat field, broken by forests here
and there. The wheat was sown by
peasants before the Germans ad-
vanced from the Aisne late In May and
early in June and began ripening
early in July.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Questions spain's Neutrality.

London, Aug. 3.-"It is quite obvi.
Gus the U-56 was sent to Santander to
organize destruction of Allied and
Spanish shipping from a favorable
spot" the Times declared, commenting
on the submarine probe being con.
Quoted at %Santander, Spain. Both the
Spanish and British governments are
to blame because they tolerate it.
When the Allies emerge victorious
from the war they will make q sharp
distinction between neutrals violating
neutrality selfishly or from sympathy
for the enemy"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
CHOSE YANKEES FOR BLOW
Ludendorff Hoped to Prevent Forma-
ton of: American Army.

Ludendorff Hoped to Prevent Forma-
ton of American Army.
Washington, AWg. 3.-General Lud-
endorff hoped to, hinder the formation
of an American army by choosing
them to receive the hardest blows the
German troops, could strike. an official
order sent to- the German army COM
manders shows. A copy of the order
was cabled by General Pershing in his
report. 1t follows:
lin order to- hinder the formation
of an American army in France, it is
important that the American troops
engaged along the front be struck as
hard as possible. 1t is intended to use
these troops as a nucleus for new
formations
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
THINKS KAISER FRIGHTENED

Lord Robert Cecil So interprets His
Proclamation.
London, Aug. 3.-Lord Cecil, assist.
ant secretary of state for foreign af-
fairs, declared in an interview that
the kaiser's proclamation to the Ger
man army and navy shows he is be-
coming frightened.
He talks with consideration" said
Lord Cecil. Owing to the Germans
temperament it is necessary to beat
them before they will talk in reason
able terms.
Il deplore Lord Lansdowne's letter
because the Germans will think the
English are weakening, which is not
true"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-08-08
Masons to Rebuild Soldiers.

Cleveland, Aug. 3.-Subject to the
approval of the War department and
the action Of the higher Masonic bod.
les of the country. the entire resources
of the Masonic bodies throughout the
world will be used to assist soldiers
and sailors disabled on the battlefields
of Europe, under a movement launched
here at a meeting of representatives
Of every branch Of Masonry. The War
League for Masonic Service was ten
t~atively formed. The efforts of the
fraternity would be to assist disabled
men.