davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-01-27
RUN AVIATION APART
FROM TEUT0N ARMY
Germans Devote Independent
Organization to This I'm
portant Weapon.
BY PAUL AYREs ROCKWELL.
Especial Correspondence OF The Even
ing Star and Chicago Daily News.)

BY PAUL AYRES ROCKWELL.
Especial Correspondence OF The Even
ing Stnr and Chicago Daily News.)
WITH THE FRENCH ARMIES. De-
cember 2o.-The aerial force of a war
ring nation is a service distinct from
the armies of the land and the sea, and
it Is only by the realization Of this fact
that a government can expect from it's
aviators efficient and unhampered serv-
ice and can obtain anything like full
returns on the money expended for
aeroplanes and accessories. There
should be secretary for the aviation.
the same as for the army and for the
navy, and this secretary should be an
expert, well versed in aerial warfare.
In view of the Importance Of our war
aviation program, the story of the de-
velopment of the German aerial organ
ization is of especial interest.
In August. 1914, the German aviation
service was directed by Lieut.. Col.
Thomson, who bore the title of chief
of aviation" Directly under him was
Maj. Wildt.
In each army corps the command was
exercised by superior aviation officer,
usually a major or captain known as
the "stabsoffizier der flieger" (abbre-
Waited "stof'). who was charged with
the supervision of all the air service;
personnel. material and missions. This
officer gave direct orders to the esca-
drilles or groups attached to his army.
He was aided by an officer charged
with collecting useful information and
issuing information bulletins to the es-
cadrilleS.
aeroplanes. They were recruited among
the observer officers or were officers
from the general staff who had flown
more or less.
Evening star., 1918-01-27
Making Of Peace pl pl
Would Relieve Burden. III,

of the Balkans. Even should the gov
ernment reach an agreement with the
Russians, Austria's more fruitful field
would lie to the south in case the gov
ernment should desire to reach out In
that direction in the face of protesta-
tions that annexations and indemnities
are not desired. Neither is the case of
Italy mentioned. The making of peace
with the Russians simply would relieve
to a certain extent the burden Austria
Hungary must carry. The very fact
that Count Czernin states that Ger
many will not be forsaken indicates
that 1t is the present temper of the
government to uphold the kaiser's
dream of mittleuropa .and that
Austrian armies may be found fight
ing further to achieve this end.
Count Won Hertling in his address to
the reichstag committee again ex-
pressed Germanys desire to agree to
any provisions pertaining to the free
dom of the seas, disarmament, the abol-
ishment of secret diplomacy and COM
! mercial guarantees. he taking some ex-
ceptions to the demands of President
Wilson in the case of these four pro-
visions. He disputed the demand that
people of occupied colonies should have
| equal voice with governments in the
/ settlement Of their affairs. He plainly
states that the settlement of Russian
! problems Is for the Germans and Rus
| slams to work out, indicating with
| drawal of peace terms enunciated in
December, which spoke of no annexa-
tions and no indemnities. he stating that
| these terms held good only in case the
! entente Joined in general effort to
| obtain general peace. He glides over
| the demands of President Wilson that
| Belgium be restored territorially. eco
| nomically and politically, stating that
| Germany has never desired the incor-
! poration of Belgium by violence, and
stating that these matters can be left
| for discussion. He also would discuss
! aration for occupied French territories
| but he as emphatically states that there
| can be no talk of the restoration OF
! Alsace- Lorraine. which both President
| Wilson and Premier Lloyd George
| stated was one of the cardinal demands
questions pertaining to Italy and the
| Balkans, Won Hertling stated, must be
| left to Austria. all the while intimat-
| ing that Germany's aspirations in this
direction must be considered. while the
| interests of the Turk were Germany's
interests, thereby precluding the agree
| ment on the principle enunciated by
| President Wilson that the Turks domi-
| nation over separate speaking peoples
must come to an end. The question OF
| a league of nations is left for consider
| alton of the peace council.
Taken as a whole Germany, through
ivon Hert1ing. shows no signs of giving
/ in on the chief fea-
Shows No Signs lures which have
/ OF Concessions. the all,ea though
there may be found note Of concilia.
1ttion. some critics aver
Undoubtedly the terms eH the govern
Evening star., 1918-01-27

of living might once more be estab-
lished.
Evening star., 1918-01-27
New Air Army Formed.

AS aviation developed in Importance
the German high command realized
that this system must be improved
upon, and November 25. 1916, a decree
printed in the Armee-Verordnungsb
announced the creation of the army of
aerial forces. All the troops of the
aviation and the aero station, as well
as the anti-aircraft cannon formations,
ceased to belong to the communication
troops. and went to make UP the aerial
combat forces Uuftstreit-krafte), which
are now placed, in employ as well as
in construction, under the orders of an
officer general who bears the title of
"kommandeur der luftstreitkrafte."
The holder of this imposing but rather
cumbersome title is Gen. Lieut.. Won
Haeppner, with Lieut.. Col. Thomson as
his second In command. The organiza-
ton of the command is now as fol-
lows:
In each army corps the command of
the aerial forces is exercised by an
officer. a captain, or sometimes a major,
known as the "kommandeur der
hieger." This officer is assisted by an
officer of technic and an officer of in
formation. His functions seem to be
very much similar to those formerly
exercised by the "stofi," his predeces-
Evening star., 1918-01-27

The doubie-headed black eagle OF
Prussia flies over the Russian, made
Evening star., 1918-01-27

Premier Won Seydler met delegations
of the workingmen and evidently prom
Evening star., 1918-01-27
Syria and Mesopotamia.

SyIld duo mSSOpOLdullds
That Syria under French protec-
torate might develop into a state capa-
BILE of measure of independence and
elf-defense seems probable. Palestine
is small enough to exist as an interna-
there are obvious reasons why the GUS
tomary jealouses might be laid aside
in this instance. but how Syria. Ar
menia or Mesopotamia could stand
alone in the immediate future Is hard
to see. And with Russia refusing to
protect all Armenians their outlook Is
arain dark Personally. / feel sure thrt
British evacuation of Mesopotamia will
prove impossible. If it is not forced by
military events before peace is made.
will end as French protectorate.
French experie-"e in Algeria ard
Tunis. where France has not only
brought material prosperity, but also
French for the task as no other people
are fitted.
In this review have omitted all ref
erence to Alsace-Lorraine and the Ital-.
ian Irredenta: they raise other ques-
tions. Mr.. Wilson has spoken Of both
problems. and / believe his words mean
that he stands for the liberation Of the
lost provinces of France and their
restoration to our ally. and no one can
mistake his equally clear insistence
that Italy shall have what is her just
due on her eastern frontiers, whore
some hundreds Of thousands of Italians
suffer under brutal Austrian tyranny.
shall hope to deal with these two
problems in another article. But at the
moment it is the destruction of MIL
teleuropa that seems most important
and most interesting. MftteleuropA Is
an American issue. and Presiden Will
sons greatest service in his statcsman-
like address was in recognizing and as
SertinE this fact.
Evening star., 1918-01-27

1t Is becoming generally recognizes
among the masses of Russian peopl
Evening star., 1918-01-27
Shows No Signs
of Concessions.

there may be found note of cone
tion. some critics aver.
Undoubtedly the terms al The goy
The Washington times., 1918-04-06

WANTED-Route men
and helpers for ice
cream delivery wagons.
Good pay. Excellent
chances for rapid and
substantial a DIV an c E.
ment. Apply Mr.. Brad
. ford, Chapin-Sacks Mfg.
Co.. M and First SITS.
n. E. I3
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
LOST AND FOUND

SUITCASE - Dropped from
a roadster at 14th st. and
Mall; was picked up by a
man in uniform, who turned it
over to a civilian. At the
time several people collected
at the spot. Suitcase was not
missed by owner. a naval off
Ger, until his arrival at the
wharf of the Norfolk boat.
Will the finder or other par
ties who saw suitcase please
communicate with the owner
at the navy Dept; $500 re-
ward will be given to the
party who will return the suit
case with the clothing, which
were 3 uniforms and other ar
ticles of clothing of use only
to-owner, marked C. NJ. Tyson.
Call Main 2790, Branch 603.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
GOVERNOR
KN|TS;; PEOPLE OF
STATEFO[LOW SUIT

Everybody in Arizona is knitting
for the men in the service and Gov.
George ". T.. Hunt. IA" states chief
executive. IL the premier knitter OF
them ell
Governor Hunt. who IL In Wash
ington for few DAYS attending the
governors conference. knits when
ever he has spare moment. And
he's an expert knitter. too. lie
learned to knit from his mother
when he was SIN IN knee pants. and
he's been doing II ever since.
He believes in ever body doing
something Ia back up the boys in
uniform. "If We don't buy bonds
well be IN bondage" he says. And
he SAYS il you cant buy bonds. you
can knit.
So ne set everybody in his State
doing il. And 30 prove he was no
Stacker. he topped the list by doing
il himself. Now h- has everybody
IN the state institutions doing il
from the janiturs. and cleaners. and
jailk eepers and fITemen. TO the very
inmates Themselves
And after a particularly hard day
at his executive duties, the governor
takes up the needles and finds he
can rest better and think better TO
the accompaniment Of their merry
click az he stitches out a scarf. or
sweater or something in khaki
shade to comfort man in the SER
vice
But one thing made him mad. His
knitting scarf which he has par
TALLY cOmpleted-was loaned to sew
eral women on the train the other
day. And the women. who were
supposed to be expert knitters. drop
ped few stitches,
And now Governor Hunt has 10 go
back. and do II all over again from
where they began.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
Feature Films
For Mett Week

OLYMPIC-Sunday. Clara Kimball
Young in The Msrionettes:" Non
day, Marion Davies in Runaway
Romsny:" Tuesday. Edith Storey in
The Eyes OF Mystery" Wednesday.
Elsie Ferguson in THE Rose of the
World" Thursday. Dorothy Phillips
in broadway Love-" Friday, Conway
Tearle and Ann Little in The World
For Sale" Saturday. Madge Evans in
Wanted: a Mother"
ENICKERBoCKER - Sunday and
Monday. Norma Talmadge in by
Right of Purchase" and Benjamin
Chaplin in Down the River" Tues
day. Francis y. Bushman and Bever-
ly Bayne in THE Brass Check" We'd
nesday and Thursday, Mary Garden in
The Splendid Sinner" Friday and
Saturday, Mary Pickford in ".Amaril-
ly OF CIothesIine Alley"
CASINO-Sundsy. Monday and
Tuesday, Mary Garden in The Spleen
did Sinner" Wednesday and Thurs
day Mabel Normand in THE Floor
Below" Friday and Saturday Viola
Dana in breakers Ahead"
CR.\NDALL'S - Sunday. Monday,
and Tuesday. Constance Talmadge in
The Shuttle;" Wednesday, Thursday.
Friday, and Saturday, Clara Kimball
Young in THE House of Glass"
SAVOY-Sunday and Monday. Dou-
glas Fairbanks in Heading South:
Tuesday. Robert Warwick in The
Mad Lover" Wednesday. Constance
Talmadge in THE Shuttle" Thurs
day. Ethel Clayton in 1.-THE Witch
Woman Friday, Edith Storey in
Revenge" and Benjamin Chaplin in
Down the River"
APoLLO-Sunday and Monday.
Douglas Fairbanks in Heading
South" Tuesday. Kitty Gordon in
THE Wasp" Wednesday. Alice Brady
in The Knife" Thursday. Constance
Talmadge in The Shuttle" Friday.
Francis y. Bushman and Beverley
Bayne in The Brass Check" and
Benja min Chaplin in Down the
River" Saturday. Enid Bennett in
Keys OF the Righteous" and the
Sennett comedy 1T Pays To Exer-
else"
AVENUE GRAND-sunday. Robert
Warwick in The Mad Lover" Mon
day. Mabel Sormand in The Floor
Below" Tuesday. Edith Storey in
Revenge" and Benjamin Chaplin in
Down the River Wednesday and
Thursday. Douglas Fairbanks in
Heading South" Friday. Alice Brady
in THE Knife" Saturday. Kitty Cor
don in The Wasp" and the Key
stone comedy His Busted Trust"
AAGERICAN-Sunday Viola Dana In
"A Weaver OF Dreams" Monday. Clara
kimball Young in The Marionettes:"
Tuesday. George Beban in Jules oC
the Strongheart:" Wednesday. Madge
Kennedy in Baby Nine" THURSDAY.
Alice Brady in The Spurs OF Sybil:"
Friday. William s. Hart in The
Haters:" Saturday. Edith Storey in
Revenge" and Benjamin Chaplin in
Down the River
STRAND-Sunday and the entire
week, Jesse l.. LaSky presents THE
Whispering Chorus" with an aII.star
cast.
GARDEN-Sunday. Monday. and
Tuesday, Earle Williams in An
American Live-Wire.'
PLAZA-Sunday. Monday. Henry r.
WslthaIl in His Robe OF Honor"
Tuesday. Wednesday. and Thursday.
"A Matrimaniac," with Douglas Fair
banks: Friday and Saturday. J. War
rem Kerrigan in The Turn OF a
Gard
LEADER sunday and all week.
Theds Bsra in The Forbidden Path"
and Douglas Fairbanks in "Rodeo
Pictures"
HOME Sunday. Norma Talmadge
in Ghosts OF Yesterday" and Ben
jamin Chaplin in Ills Native State"
CARDINALS Sunday. William Rus
sell in New York Luck and Ben
jamin Chaplin in His Native state"
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
TRADE BOARD ASKEDFOR
VIEWS OF BEELER PLAN

The Public Utilities Commission
has asked Tor an expression OF opIn-
ion on the part Of TIA" boa I'd Of Trade
a. to the recommendations OF John \
BeeIer. traffic expert. who advocated
in a recent report the changing of the
opening and closing hours Of some Of
the Government departments. public
schools. and department stores, TO
lessen the jam on the street cars dur
ing the morning and evening rush
hours.
To this end the committee on in
dustriai interests. headed b. Isaac
Cans and the transportation commit
tee. T.. {. Graham. chairman. will
meet in the Board of Trade TOmos
Thursday at noon.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
DIVIDEND NOTICE
American Telephone & Telegraph Co.

A dividend OF Two Dollars per share Will he
- ID on Monday. April l. 1915. TO Stockholders
81 record at the close Of business Friday
March Is. ISIS.
on account OF he annual meeting the
transfer books will lie closed from Saturdsy
March 10Th. TO Tuesday. March ofth. 1915 both
DAYS inclusive 6. D. MILNE. TreR sure-.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06

LABORERS-Cn building con-
Struction work, S3.S5 for 10
hours work; men to clean
bricks. Apply Boyle-Robertson
Construction Co., Room 6oi,
Evans Bldg. II
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
March, 1918

The net circulation OF the daily
Times in March. selling at cents
a copy, was larger than the net
circulation ia January. the last
complete month at the 1-cent
price.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
GERMANS WEARING PAPER.

NEW YORK. April CLOTHES.
stockings. and thread now are being
distributed to the workingmen and
women OF Germany by the imperial
clothing distributing board. A new
method, the papers say. has been dis
covered for the manufacture Of hin
en-" from paper. Such cloth may be
boiled and washed. il is added, with
out danger OF falling apart"
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
TO APPRAIsE WAR PROPERTY

4 national appraisement board COM
posed OF two army officers. has been
appointed by the War Department to
value all property Communicated by
the Government FOR war purposes.
Tho two officers appointed are Lieut..
col John s. Dean and Lieut.. Col Il.
II. Montgomery.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
THE LOCAL MARKET
TRADING AT STANDSTlLl AS
LOAN Is LAUNCHED.
Not a Single Transaction for Day
on Washington Exehanse-Merg-
enthaIer and Capital Traction
Bonds in Demand, But Practical
Iy None Offered.

Too busy with Liberty bonds" was
the explanation one prominent menu
Der of the Washington Stock EN-
change gave for today's inaction. Not
transfer took place at today's ses-
sion.
Both Mergenthaler Linotype and
Capital Traction bonds were in de-
mand. with little or none offered.
The record OF the weeks trading
showed II shares of stock transfer
red. and - 1000 in bonds sold.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06

FRENCH FsR :sa s:;S@' ,. = ZoaPs
Buccini. formerly wish Buccini School Of Se1
YORK appointment by mail. 1918 18th 81. nv
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
WALL ST. MARKET
CLOSING IS STRONG ON
STOCK EXCHANGE.
Interest Attaches to Persistent Ae-
cumulaion of DistilIers Securities.
Advances of Around Point Made
as Many Issues Sell Vigorously.

NEW YORK. April 9Th" stock
market opened today with display
Of pronounced strength and with
vigorous buying OF many issues.
which caused advances around one
point in the active issues. Most in
terest was attached to the persistent
accumulation of Distillcrs' Securities,
which rose one point to 42as. Ma
rine preferred made a gain of H.
TO %. Only a few OF the railroad
stocks were traded in. with Reading.
the only active one. moving up Is to
Sl"
Minor steel issues made fractional
gains with the exception Of Baldwin
Locomotive. which moved up "a
to &c
Liberty second Is. after selling at
e6.1S. rallied to $3.50. Liberty 3's
were traded in at 9S.I6.
The market closed strong.
Essterday
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
THE TIMES OFFICIAL
POSTAL STATEMENT
Ownership, Management, and Paid
Circulation for Six Months
Ended March 81.
Present Circulation

The average not circulation Of
The Times for the most recent
month was
The Washington times., 1918-04-06
U. S. FELIcITATes CHILE.

The American charge at Santiago.
acting by direction OF tn" State De
partmenl, has conveyed to the
Chilean government the fcliritatiou
OF the United States on the annivcr.
sary OF the battle of Naitu. April =
1878, At which Chilean independence
WAS won.
The Washington times., 1918-04-06

Statement OF the ownership. man
sgement. circulation. etc. Of The
Washington Times. published daily
and SUNDAY. at Washington, required
by the act OF Congress. August "a.
1917:
Publisher Edgar u. Shaw. Wash,
inEton, u. Z.
EditOr-Arthur Brisbane. Washing
ton. d. e.
Managing Editor-Fred A. Walker.
Washington, ID. Z.
Business Manager Z. Z. Rogers.
Washington. u. Z.
Owners or a corporation, give
names and addresses Of stockholders
holding ] per cent or more OF total
amount Of stock The Washington
Times Company. Arthur brisbane and
Phoebe brisbane owning 100 per cent
Of the stock.
known bondhold"rs. mortgages.
and other security holders holding /
per cent or more OF total amount OF
bonds. mortgages, or other securities
None
There are no bonds. mortgages. or
other securities outstanding against
The Washington Times Company.
Average number Of copies Of each
issue OF this publication sold or dis
tributed. through the mails or other
wise. 10 paid subscribers during the
six months preceding the date OF this
statement.
Average net paid circulation
pH''H -'-'-.'-. ..-.-.-.---.. hi.hI
sunday Observation-Disclosures. 20. POS
Daily and Sunday. .... 53.9S4
(SignedJ EDGAR ID. SHAW.
Publisher.
Sworn TO and subscribed before me
this 4th day Of April, 1918.
THOMAS q. WILLIS.
Notary Public.
Ny commission expires February
20. 1872:
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-08-16

inspect and test many domestic me-
ters and, taking into consideration the
conditions under which meters oper-
ate, as they are exposed to the action
Of the gas within and heat, cold and
moisture without, ! can safely say the
gas meter is the most reliable meas
uring apparatus made.
The fact that large quantities Of
gas may be compressed into small
volumes permits its transportation
over large distances and makes it
possible for cities hundreds of miles
removed from the source to be sup
piled with apparent ease. This con-
traction of volume by compressing
can be controlled at the will of the
Utility. But when the Utility releases
in its distributing system this COM
other phenomenon of expansibility
takes place, limited in its action only
by the joint use of the Utility's pa
irons In other words. the response
Of the gas confined in the aims to
expand itself to volume that will
meet the simultaneous requirements
Of every consumer served, results in
dissipating the pressure to such a de-
gree as to impair the service to all.
Gas plays no favorites but goes
wherever wide-open valves welcome
its expansive character
Low Pressure" say All.
The public verdict for poor results
and high cost is. low pressure.
"The loss in heat units when the
pressure was reduced from ounces
to l ounce was SO slight that it was
covered up by the ordinary trivial er-
rors made in the observations.
Three demonstrations prove con-
clusively that the amount of expan-
sion following a lowering of pressure
from 4 ounces to / ounce is very
Slight, and, since domestic meters
measure volumes irrespective of pres
sure, the increased amount of gas
passing through and registered by
meters at times when pressures are
extremely low, "a fraction of one
per cent
Our experiments relating to gas
values at varying pressures would in
dicate that the unsatisfactory results
of subnormal pressures are due, in the
main, to appliances so infexible that
they operate efficiently, as well as eco
nomically, only at some predetermined
pressure
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-08-16
same was received.

same was received.
The Ohio State Federation of La
Dor in communication notifies the
council that the next convention of
the Federation will be held in Colum-
bus, Ohio, in Memorial Hall, the week
beginning Monday, October 18th. Sec
retary Donnelly urges all labor unions
to send their delegates. Received and
complied with.
The o. f. of L. in communication
calls the attention of the council, the
necessity of selecting a member to
act on the board to register unskilled
labor. President Eggleston was given
the privilege of appointing this mem
ber
A. E. ggleston was elected dele
gate to the Ohio State Federation of
Labor to represent the council. Henry
Brinker was elected alternate.
The council will meet next Tuesday
night in special session. The secre-
tary was instructed to notify all del
egates.
The council adopted the American
Flag to be carried by every member
in the parade on Labor Day.
The Labor Day picnic committee re
ported progress and that everything
was moving along nicely. The parade
this year will be the largest ever held
by the Hamilton Labor Unions.
"a "a "a
Have You Donated to the Country
Store?