davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Feeding Mangels to Chicks.

After the first week a daily supply of
green feed is ABSOLUTELY necessary to the
health of the flock. Lettuce, mangels
and grass clippings are excellent for
are first choice, followed by mangels.
Grass clippings should never be al
lowed very young chicks unless finely
cut, since long pieces of tough grass
when swallowed by baby chicks are
likely to mat in the crop. causing
feeding grass Is to place a fresh sod in
the pen, allowing the flock to pick at it
at will.
In. feeding mangels to chicks small
roots should be selected, cut into pieces,
so that the chicks can pick at them. 1t
beets with a knife for the first few
days in order to teach the chicks to
eat them. However. they will soon
learn to handle the roots without help,
since most chicks are very fond of
mangels.
Cabbage cannot be recommended as
a green feed for young chicks. because
it is likely to cause bowel disorders.
For very young chicks sprouted oats
are not recommended.
Drinking water should be supplied
from the first. The first few days it is
we'll to temper the water somewhat,
but afterward cold water should be
supplied Milk for the chicks to drink
Is excellent. but not necessary. Water
should also be supplied when milk is
allowed the chicks.
Hoppers of chick-size oyster shell,
grit and charcoal may be placed before
the chicks after they are two weeks
old, but not before that time. since very
young chicks are just as likely to al
up on these indigestible materials as
on feed. However. all of the first feed
should contain little grit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Protect Chicks From Lice.

Dust the hen with a good insect pow
der before moving her and the chickens
to the brood coop. The hen should be
busted every two weeks or as often as
necessary until the chickens are weaned.
If lice become numerous on chickens or
II they are troubled with head lice" a
very little grease such as lard or vase
line may be applied with the fingers on
the head. neck. under the wings and
around the vent. Great care should be
taken, however. not to get too much
grease on the chickens. as it will stop
their growth and in some cases may
prove fatal. Sodium fiuorid, a white
powder, is an excellent remedy for all
lice of chickens. entomologists of the
Department of Agriculture have dis
covered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
SAVE THE PAPER CUPS
FOR USE IN GARDEN

Don't throw away the paraffin-
ed paper drinking cups when you
are through with them. These
cups make fine collars" for
vegetable plants that are subject
to attacks of cutwor1ns.
To use them. cut the bottoms
out Of the cups and slip them up
over the roots Of tomato or cab
bage plants. Set them in the hills
or rows so that the upper edge Of
the cup is just above the top Of
the ground. Fill in with soil.
flrming it around the plant in
side the cup and also around the
outside.
The cups may also be filled with
rich earth, set in flats and used
to start lima beans. cantaloupes
and other plants indoors or I'M
der glass. To set these plants
out. simply dig a hole in the
ground to fit them. set cup. plant
and all in the hole and fill in with
soil properly f1rmed around them.
Cut worms cannot get at plants
SO protected, as they work only
half an inch to an inch below the
surface of the soil.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

Wheat excepted, corn is the most
valuable and indispensable of the
worlds grain crops. It holds a COM
handing position in the agriculture of
the United States. It's vast acreage and
heavy yields are responsible to no small
extent for the success Of agriculture.
The Department of Agriculture. in its
program issued early in February,
which re-emphasized and amplified the
food production program for 1918 pub
liShed by the department in August,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
LY SUGGESTIONS FOR THE WAR GARDEN AND POULTRY YARI
Keep tho gardens growing.

n o The
ncropsr must have hancet to
me
be en- ines hard
below
the A few o
Hand wedding brings
to supply the family table a
o
develop
removal of
~ season anyhow and the garden having
by allowing the
them ine 49,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28

1917. recommended that an acreage Of
corn approximately equal to that Of
1917. which was the largest on record,
should be planted In 1918. with possibly
slight reductions in certain sections to
free areas for spring wheat. In 1917 tho
acreage devoted to corn was approx
mately lis. 755, 900 acres. compared with
los, S72 900 acres. the average for 1911
Is. and with 07,0S3.000 acres for 1912
and LOG, 1S7, 900 acres for 1915.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
GARDENERS MAKE
NEARLY 81 AN HOUR
Employees on Plots Donated by
Tire Company Prove That
Patriotism Pays.

Employees of big tire and rubber
company at Akron. Ohio. proved last
summer that the kind of patriotism
that plants war gardens pays big re-
turns in the actual value of food pro-
duced. More than $4,000 worth of
vegetables were grown on plots do
mated by the company to it's employees.
and records carefully kept showed that
every gardener earned, in vegetables at
actual retail value. "a cents an hour
for every hour he or she put in Guilt
waiting the gardens.
Among the first manufacturing con-
Germs to respond to the governments
appeal last year for war gardens, the
Firestone Tire and Rubber Company
placed at the disposal Of it's employees
a tract of land conveniently near its
factories, the land first being plowed
and put in shape for cultivation, and
then divided into plots suitable for
gardens to meet various requirements
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28


I'm
$3.50
IT, be obtained at $120
flour bread making at
a than flour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
CARE Of 25CH|CKS
IN CITY BACKYARD
Suitable Coops, Clean Quar-
tiers and Grassy Range Need
ed for Success.

To the beginner 1t is a mystery now
to care for baby chicks, and how
to feed them until they reach the age
of six weeks. 1t is during the first six
weeks that chicks need careful atten-
ton, as it is during this time that they
are subject to illness. But if they are
kept warm and dry and not fed too
much there will be very little trouble
in getting them over this precarious
stage.
Breeding With Hens.
For those who intend to raise TWEEN
ty-five chicks it may be better for
them to do their brooding with hens.
This method requires only the simplest
equipment and but a small outlay in
cash. BY using hens. small lots OF
chicks can be reared with comparative
ly little attention. because the men,
following her natural brooding in
stincts. will keep the chicks busy and
protected at all times.
The number of chicks that may be
given to hen depends upon the
weather conditions, and the size OF the
care for fifteen chicks; but where there
are twenty-five chicks. two hens
should be used. and the chicks divided
between them.
Where hens are used it is important
that they be placed in a brood coop
which will afford protection from all
kinds of weather. The coop should be
surrounded by small fence composed
of boards one foot high. This yard will
keep the chicks within bounds, and
the hens. When the chicks are old
enough to fly over the inclosure they
are usually strong enough to be al
lowed the freedom of the yard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Time Clock Is Used.

Altogether there were 265 plots. A
superintendent of the gardens was en-
ployed. In order to check the results
systematically a time clock was in
stalled to record the time when each
gardener started and stopped work
then when the gardeners gathered the
vegetables they were weighed or meas
ured and their value recorded. This
idea made the Firestone garden work
particularly valuable, because it al
lowed the company to arrive at definite
figures, which should be an inspiration
to all other big companies and to indi-
vidual home owners as WELL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
RULES FOR POULTRY
KEEPERS IN D. c.

Backyard poultry fiocks may
be kept inside the District, pro-
vided simple rules are observed.
This is in answer to many letters
in which the writer's complain
that they are not permitted to
keep poultry in the District. how
ever much they desire to do so.
Under present regulations a
permit from the District health
department is necessary before a
backyard poultry plant may be
established.
Poultry yards and houses must
be kept clean and sanitary.
BOOSTERS are not permitted. be-
cause of their growing. AS a
rooster IS not necessary in any
way unless the eggs are to be
Matched, this rule works no hard
ship on the would-be poultry
raiser.
Poultry yards or houses must
not be located closer than twen-
ty-five feet to any house used as
a dwelling.
1t is hoped even more liberal
rules will be adopted shortly by
the health department in the in
terest Of food conservation in the
District of Columbia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Third Weeks Feeding.

The method of feeding given above
should be continued for the first three
weeks. Then the bread-crumb mixture
should be gradually displaced by the
following mash mixture: Four hun
dred pounds corn meal 200 pounds mid
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Crops Worth $4,000.

Working an average of only two
hours twenty-nine minutes each
week. the 285 patriots raised foodstuff
valued at $14,205.59. For every hour
spent on his or her garden each ifdi-
vidual received as return food
products worth "a cents at retail prices.
The following statistical summary of
the Firestone war gardens shows how
records were kept and how final fig
ures we're obtained:
Number Of gardens assigned. ........... 2s5
Number Of hours worked. rs 313
Average number of hours per garden. . 81
Number weeks NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. -
Average hours per man per week. . hrs, 20 min,
Value Of products at retail prices. $14, 2O5. SO
io!ai cost o! SEEDS. ........ $5OO17
Labor Waterman. blowing 2.39O17
Miscellaneous expenses ....... 1892
. Ill l,US
Average value Of products from each of
the 26o gardens Observation-Disclosures. $3.50
Average amount per hour received by
each gardener in value Of products. 81
Enthusiastic over the possibilities of
the war garden, the company has pub
1ished an illustrated pamphlet telling
about it's application of the war gar
den idea.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Grain the Fourth Day.

About the fourth day it is well to
allow the flock a little grain feed at
two OF the feelings and the bread
crumb mixture at the other three feed
ings. The first few feelings of grain
should be spread on sheets of paper or
else on the bare floor so that the chicks
can learn what the grain really is; after
that all grain should be scattered in
light litter to make the chicks exercise.
bread-crumb mixture it is good plan
to moisten the mixture with milk for
one feeding. cottage cheese or beef
broth at another time. and the hard
boiled egg at other feelings. This plan
keeps the chicks in an expectant mood.
ready for their feed, whereas the same
feed every day is likely to surfeit them.
Many poultrymen have found keeping
dry wheat bran before the chicks all
the time very beneficial to growth and
an excellent preventive of constipation,
SO frequently found in young chicks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
FOOD AND FEEDING
FOR BABY CHICKS
Small Amounts at Short Inter-
walls, With Plenty of Exer-
else, Give Best Results.

During the first week in particular
the chicks should never be allowed all
they will eat. Such practice is GER
tain to bring about bowel disorders.
The Importance Of how soon the chicks
should be fed has probably been over
estimated. One of the best plans to
follow In this regard is to allow the
first feed as soon as the chicks show
q desire for it. Newly Matched chicks
when first taken to the brooder usually
show desire to sleep. at which time
no feed Is needed. AS soon as they be-
come FESTIVE and start picking at
things, or at each other. 1t is time to
supply a little easily digested food.
What to Feed at First.
One of the best feeds is mixture OF
equal parts stale bread crumbs and oat-
meal mixed with hard-boiled egg, using
about six parts of the bread-crumb
mixture to one ground egg. shell in
cluded. The egg and crumbs should be
thoroughly mixed, and a little chick
size grit added. The egg will make
the mixture sufficiently moist.
This mixture should be fed exclusive
ly for the first three days in small
amounts. five times a day. Large sheets
OF heavy brown paper are useful to
feed upon during the first week. After
that small troughs may be used, but at
first even the smallest Of troughs are
too large for newly Matched chicks.
Special care should be taken that suf-
ficient room is provided for all the
chicks to reach the feed without crowd
ing. The first day the feed may be left
before the chicks for half an hour, as
they are just learning how to eat, but
after that all feed should be removed
after it has been before the flock for
fifteen minutes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Care the First Week.

The first week is the time to start
the chicks right. and if it is possible
- feed them milk. either sweet or sour.
- VIII do much to give them the much
needed start. No grain feed need he
''sed the first ten days. After this
period the chicks should be taught TO
scratch for their food. by sprinkIing
fine chick food in litter of cut hay or
ground alfalfa. The exercise will give
them a better appetite and keep them
in healthy condition.
When the chicks are turned into the
ward they can be confined to a space
several feet square which should be
surrounded and covered with chicken
wire. \ light frame thus wired may
ne moved cNery few days and always
provide fresh quarters for the chicks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Brood Coop Requirements.


Brood Coop Requirements.
The brood coop should be carefully
prepared for the chicks, the floor being
Uttered with cut straw or chaff. Hay
seed or NOV sweepings make an excel
lent litter for small chicks. as the
small seed are an inducement for the
chicks to work near the hen. If the
coop has been used before it should be
thoroughly cleaned. and all corners
and crevices panied with a liquid dis
infectant. The brood coop should de
first week. not too far from the house
of the attendant. good grass plot
is an ideal location: but be sure the
grass is cut fairly short, as there is
nothing more harmful to small chicks
than long grass or weeds when they
are wet.
When brooding with hens it must be
fully appreciated that there is great
necessity for keeping down the devel-
opment of lice. The hen in her broody
condition is more likely to become in
Tested with vermtn, on account of her
limited freedom and her continual
lowering of the chicks. And when the
hen becomes infested she invariably
tnfests the chicks. 1t is impossible to
raise chicks that are infested with lice
or mites. and all chicks should be
busted with lice powder and a little
grease rubbed into the feathers on the
top of >their head. The coop should be
moved to new ground at least every
week. and it should be regularly and
frequently cleaned and relittered and
should always be kept dry.
In warm weather the coop should be
placed in the shade. The absence of
shade is one of the chief reasons for
the lack of thrift usually noticed in
summer chicks. 1t is not necessary or
advisable that chicks should have
much liberty during their first week,
but they do need fresh. clean runs,
and IL possible their runs should be on
ground that has not been used for this
purpose for several years.
Give Chicks Freedom.
After the chicks are week old they
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Artificial Brooding.

Art1nctal Brooding.
There are many styles of brooders.
from the simple fireless brooder to the
more elaborate modern brooder, which
In divided into compartments and
equipped automatically to take care of
the temperature and ventilation. Fire
less brooders have a place in broodinR
chicks; in warm weather very good re-
suits are secured. They depend for
their successful operation upon retain
Ing the natural heat of the chicks.
somewhat in the manner of the use Of
our clothing or in the use of bedclothes
Fireless brooders cannot be used out
doors by themselves. so the poultry
man must arrange to use a room in the
house or some other warm place.
portable movers are most modern for
brooding small numbers of chicks. and
are perhaps the best form of artificial
equipment for the back yard" poul-
tryman. 1t is a simple matter to have
one Of these portable hovers arranged
70 care for twenty-five chicks, and IL
mere Is a small house In which to in
stall a hover of this kind there should
be no trouble in raising most of the
chicks.
When securing the chicks from the
natcnery. or after removing them from
the incubator they should he kent In
an even temperature of 30 degrees
and under no circumstances should the
chicks come in contact with drauehts
OF cold air. 4 slight chilling during the
first few days has very disastrous
result in the development Of the chick.
The first feeding should be given about
thirty hours after Matching, when a
feed Of cracker dust and hard boiled
eggs should be given The eggs should
be cut up into small particles and
then rubbed into the cracker dust, or
dried breadcrumbs until 1t is a crumbly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-04-28
Give Chicks Freedom.

After the chicks are a week old they
may be given more liberty, but they
should not be allowed to run at large
until they are well feathered. One of
the chief causes of heavy losses which
occur where hens are used to brood
chicks is that hens. when allowed free
run. will lead their brood so far afield
that the weaker ones become exhaust
ed. Where the hen is allowed liberty II
should be during the warm portion of
the day. The hen should be restrained
at night and not liberated until the
sun has dried the grass. If the wealth
er is threatening the hens should be
confined
Brooding chicks with hens, while it is
the best method for small focks, has
It's disadvantages, and those who have
not the hens to use and who find diff
Guilty in securing them may resort to
artificial methods. Artificial methods
OF incubating and brooding have be-
come the standard on all large CONNER
cial poultry farms. For rearing small
hocks it is equally successful
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1918-09-25
MOONSHINING IS
ALBERTA BUSINESS

Calgary, Alta, Sept. 29.-"Moon-
shining, a term indigenous to the
Tennessee mountains, is becoming a
we'll known phraze in Alberta through
the sudden blossoming Of this "indus-
try" under prohibition. WithScotch
whiskey retailing at from $40 TO SIS a
quart bottle by "~bootleggers" and
Bourbon or corn whiskey at very little
less, the inducements for the making Of
illicit whiskey have become very great.
Since the prohibition act took effect
in Alberta, large stocks of liquor Sc
cretely catched in Alberta and Edmon-
ton have been rapidly dwindling. The
enormous expanse of unsettled terri
tory in the province coupled with the
proximity Of a large city such as
this to the f~astness of the Rocky
Mountain offers a fertile field to the
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1918-09-25
moonshiners and the Industry" is de-
veloping rapidly. .

moonshiners and the Industry" is de-
veloping rapidly.
Recently the police unearthed a COM
plete distillery or a large scale in a
vacant building in the outskirts of the
city. Part of the building was used as
a gospel hall. The difficulties of the
police are added to by the fact that I'M
like the United States internal reve-
nue act with its severe penitentiary
sentences, the inland revenue act Of
Canada provides penalties which are
much less severe. The chief culprit
in the operation of the illicit still Just
mentioned received a sentence Of six
months in jail.
All kinds of receipts for the making
of spirituous drinks are in circulation,
the most popular just now being a
species of "raisin whiskey" which pro
duces a liquor running from ten to
nineteen per cent proof in alcohol.
Nevertheless, in spite of the efforts
OF the moonshiners and b%ootleggers,
the prohibition act can be said to be
working well, and official statistics
have indicated a marked falling off in
crime and misdemeanors due to drunk
eness.
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1918-09-25
SUPER
OF AIR READ TO BOMB
ENEMY WITH RAIN
OF SHELL.

An Aerodrome Somewhere in Eng
land, Sept. 24.-In a giant hanger,
ranged along the side of this aero
drome are to be found a squadron of
the super-dredaughts of the British
air navy. Many pictures of these
great bombing machines have been
published along with some details Of
their great size and weight, but it is
safe to say that few people even in
England, have any clear idea as to
what these machines are like.
To be able to examine one at close
quarters is naturally not a privilege
open to many people, and yet it is only
by such close inspection that one can
grasp what a mighty thing this giant
airplane is which has accomplished
susk feats as flights to Constantine
pie and Egypt and has taken more
than 20 people to a height of 1000
feet with the greatest ease.
The Associated Press correspondent
reached the aerodrome just as n Of
the big machines was preparing for 8,
trial flight. At rest it suggested
nothing so much as an enormous black
grasshopper. It was impressive and
yet almost uncanny merely by reason
of it's bigness.
Seated in the nose of the machine.
the pilot looked extraordinary small
and insignificant and it was hard to
believe that he could control the great
planes and machinery behind him.
At his side sat a mechanic and around
him in the cockpit were the many in
struments for control and bomb
dropping.
10 reach the front seats, the pas
senger climbs, up a ladder under the
body of the machines and the scram-
bles through a trap-door. There is
plenty of room to move about inside,
although much space is taken up with
the store of bombs, all of which are
securely fastened inside the machine.
By keeping the bombs inside the body
no extra wind resistance is offered
during flight and this is said to be
a notable advantage in a machine of
this size and speed.
ONAAAAAu VIC, OV114O NdoCo Is d SpdCC
which might well be called a cabin
and here there is accommodation for
several gunners and their guns. To
convert this space in peace-time into
a passenger saloon seating a dozen
persons would be simple task.
Each engine has a little "house" to
itself on either side of the main body,
and the gasoline is pumped to the en-
gines from two huge tanks fixed above
the bomb cases. Searchlights are fix
ed on the tips Of the wings and under
the pilots seat for night flying.
The whole craft is so large that to
move it on the ground without the
help Of it's own engines it is neces-
sary to employ a special tractor au-
tomobile. Yet in the air this gian.
airplane is very easy to fly and no
special knowledge of aeronautics is re-
quired to see that it has a wonderful
future before it. The present model
has, of course, been designed express
lily for war purposes but it has en-
ormous possibilities for peace uses.
The Devils Lake world and inter-ocean. (Devils Lake, N.D.) 1915-1920, 1918-09-25

the threshing on his farm west Of
Southam. Mr.. Cummings also has
land interests near New Rockford,
and makes annual trips to North Da-
kota every fall.
J. +. Murphy returned from Lari-
more Wednesday night, after attend
the funeral Of his grandfather, Mr..
Lynch.
DR.. Cuthbert reports: Born to Mr..
and Mrs Alois Fab, Sept. 10, a boy; to
Mr.. and Mrs. George Thompson, on
Sept. 10, a boy.
The hunting season opened last
Monday and many were out early to
bag a few chickens and ducks. Chick
ems are scarce but ducks are more
plentiful.