davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

lish market for skim milk, the VOL
luminous by-product Of the creamery
and the farm. Cottage cheese is an
other milk product which one will hear
more Of in 1918, as highly nutritious,
delicious and an economical food,
especially valuable as an addition to
vegetables.
Then comes the hog. The farmer
will have hog values dinned into his
ear The squeal of the hog is going
to be heard in the land in 1918. "Hog
clubs" have been organized throughout
the country. Country boys and girls
are each raising hog, or sheep; one
extra rasher or chop with which to
confound the Hun.
The food shortage Of 1918 can only
be minimized, not overcome. The evil
is increased by the depletion of sur
pluses. In former years there usually
We're surplus grains in the elevators
and in the farm granaries. Not so
this year. In most Of these food
staples we must start from a clean
scraped bin. This is relatively true
also of livestock.
To determine precisely what the
present supply Of food in this coun-
try is the Department of Agriculture
has made survey, as of December
81. Tho returns have not been
analysed, but it may we'll be surmised
that the total stock is low in staples
though there arc vegetables in plenty
Hog Is Cheaper
Than the Dog
The army eats pork. ut is cheaper
to keep a hog than it is to keep a
dog" says the Department of Agri-
culture--this with an eye, too, to sheep
Sheep could be raised in urban parks
and on commons were it not for the
dog. Hog production went up from
61,ooo,00O per annum in the pre-wa1
period to 100000 last year. The gov
eminent is determined that it shall &c
higher in 1918. The crop Of hog food
on hand is enormous.
Our sheep have been diminishing
steadily. They have decreased 13,0oo,.
600 in the last fifteen years. We pro.
duced in 1916 only 80 per cent of the
wool we used. And our army is being
clad in shoddy. This should shame Us
into raising sheep, into joining Hous
toms "shecp clubs"
A cattle shortage menaces us. In
1907 we had 51,5oo,OOO cattle, exclusive
of milk cows. Last year they dwindlec
to 40,S5000O. The herds of Europe
have all but disappeared. If the wal
goes or the cow and the sheep and the
hog will be almost extinct in Europe.
Hog cholera is being fought by the
Department Of Agriculture. The losses
last year from cholera amounted ia
S75,000,000. Were the government able
to realize its ideal to stamp out losses
from diseases in grain, fruits and live
stock the worlds food deficit would be
wiped out Our losses from anthrax
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
And crop estimates are usually below

And crop estimates are usually below
the mark.
A skilful adaptation Of price fixing
to tho free play Of other economic
factors was Mr.. Hoovers fixing of a
less price for 1913 wheat than for 1917,
skilful, that is, in defeating boarding,
though not so skilful in stimulating
production.
The farmer was at first inclined to
hoard his 1917 crop, hoping for an up
set in the fixed price. The mills at
Minneapolis threatened to stop turning
one day last September for lack of
grist. 1t is not generally known that
New York City at that critical mo-
ment had but thirty-six hours -four
supply on hand. Hoover to the rescue.
The farmer was made to realize that
1918 would bring him no better price
for his shrunken wheat. Flour has
been plentiful.
Yet this very guarantee Of 81 mini
mum was a desperate adventure, for,
should the war suddenly cease the
India, Argentine and Russian wheat
would, in competition with this gov
eminent guaranteed wheat, force us to
a loss of some $500,000,Oo0. But war
is war, and wheat is victory
Farmer Asking
Protection in Buying
The farmer should be satisfied, per
haps. For the 1861 crop he was
getting only $3.50 on the open market;
for the 191516 crop he got only 90
cents. In England, as in France, the
fixed price is $3.50, and in Australia
the fixed price is $1,14.
That wheat would otherwise have
gone to 50 for the consumer Is the free
prediction Of the Hoover administra.
ton.
But discomfort is manifest on the
farms. The farmer contends that he
loses 81 cents every time he takes a
hushel of wheat to the mill at s2.20.
instead of consuming it on the farm.
He used to get his flour ground and to
get in return for his GO pounds of
wheat 3S pounds of flour, 10 pounds of
bran and two pounds OF middlings. The
miller kept 10 pounds Of flour for his
labor.
To-day the miller takes the whole
bushel of wheat, returning no bran and
no middlings to the farmer. At $3.50
a bushel for wheat the farmer figures
his loss in this manner:
Under the grist system he would Get
back $2S7 worth of flour at present
prices for -four, % cents worth of bran
and cents worth Of mddlings, a total
of 1914. He now gets Sszo and no
return Gin kind" His livestock suf-
fers. He can scarcely afford bran or
middling feed for his stock. His hens
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

WHAT" said the French auth critics,
"take your sugar when you have q
sugar famine! No, no; you are too
generous"
These methods Of saving staple foods
by substitution viii, continue on an in
tensive scale during 1918. Let Us re-
vert finally to production. Farm labor
is a problem Of the first magnitude.
Will the government draft labor for
agriculture-some of the futile and in
effective labor of the cities? The vol
untary enlistment Of city schooiboys,
Of older men and Of women will un-
doubtedly be resorted to, and the de-
velopment Of the government employ
rnent bureau system may be looked for.
But no farm or food almanac for
1913 WILL be complete without its
treating emphatically of the farmers
demands for an extension Of price fix
ing to protect him as we'll as to curb
him. The farmer is checked and
refined by the 81 wheat ukase. Mean
while he "pays two prices" for his ma
chinery, for his wool and for his
leather. why, why, why the deuce,
why?" asks the irate farmer.
A word to the wise is sufficient. Do
you recall the Presidents hints that
profiteering might make necessary fur
Their price fixing? In Washington the
opinion goes that presently the Presi-
dent will yield to the farmers in-
sistent demands:
IF you want us to raise 50 wheat,
fix reasonable price on clothing,
shoes and farm machinery"
In this direction we shall see what
we shall see.
Wheat it is. Raise wheat! Save
wheat! The billion bushel mark may
not be attained in 1918. Last year we
produced only 67S.ooo,oOo bushels. And
of this we would eat all but 100000
bushels normally. Canada has 120,-
100000 to put with that $4,000, oe0
bushels for export. making total
normal export Of 208,0oO,000 bushels.
But the Allies needs are for 0OO0o,-
600 bushels. By saving we are max
ing up some of the deficiency.
Ships Needed for
Argentina and India
Were ships available there would
be another way out. Australia has
135,927,O00 bushels for export, India
8o,oO0,0O0 and Argentina 100000
bushels. The coming Argentine crop
is enormous, being estimated at $685.
$4,000 bushels, three times that of
1917. But to ship those remote crops
to Europe is excessively costly, though
some Australian wheat has arrived at
our Pacific ports for transshirment
Poor France, which in 1913 produced
s7,s3O,000 hundredweight of wheat, in
1917 produced only 39,9OO,000.
In 1915, our bumper crop year, we
produced 1,o25, 100000 bushels Of
wheat, Of which 673,OOO,000 was win
ter wheat. On the basis Of 10 per
cent condition for the present winter
wheat planting Of 100000 acres the
yield for 1918 will be about $4,000
600 bushels, according to the last Off
cial forecast of the Department OF
Agriculture. A none too cheerful out
look. Hence the intensified 1915 fght
against Allied famine.
Copyright. 1918. by The Tribune Association,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
People Abstain
In Grand Totals

Germany experimental with artif-
cial food substitutes, but with little
success, for dysentery and other all
ments followed the use Of substitutes
and resort was had again to the natural
diet
OF a different nature is the Hoover
substitute method. The "Meatless
Tuesdays" and the "Wheatless Wednes-
days" have saved enormous quantities
Of these foods, in spite Of the obvious
failure Of many hotels and restaurants
to obey the cooperative injunction.
Most Of them co0perated. Mr.. Hoover
reports that large operators Of chain
hotels and restaurants show a wonder
full reduction in wheat and meat con-
sumption.
Not only do "people like to read the
meatless, wheatless signs" in the win
dows, but they actually abstain in tan
gible grand totals. New York is reach
ing 80 per cent Of its ideal in wheat
saving, according to Food Administrator
Williams. Hoover says that on one
day the saving in meat in New York
City was 193,545 pounds, and in wheat
-four 517 barrels. A 80 per cent de-
crease was noted in many hotels and
restaurants.
Frank c. Hall, the New England
chairman. estimated a saving in his
district for October of GAO tons of
meats and 1900 barrels of -four. In
Ohio in the same month there were
saved III the public eating places 237
tons of meat and 1913 barrels of -four
The Eat Less Bread" campaign in
England decreased wheat consumption
by 10 per cent.
Sugar has been vexed problem
Some observers insist that more sugar
than ever before has been consumed in
the midst Of the scarcity. Hoover at
tributes this in part to extra home
canning and boarding He now advo-
Gates the direct government purchase
and sale Of sugar to consumers, and,
insisting that his operators prevented
extorton, promises winter relief by
the early marketing Of the Louisiana
in addition to the Cuban crop. The
warning is still out, however: "Savc
sugar; it cannot be abundant during
the war;
A pathetic incident was the refusal
by sugarless France of shipment of
10000 tons from the United States
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

tive, who was man of affairs and
might have invested her funds 80 that
she would get perhaps $1,000 a year
out of them, which would have been
more than she had ever had to live OH.
But she did not do that. She let some
real estate broker get his hands on it
to buy huge apartment house that
was to make her rich. Inside year
her money was all gone and she was in
debt.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

could not be shipped In any case, as it
was soft for the most part. So the
world cries for Observation-Disclosures
With all our high resolves only 49,
100000 acres were planted in fall
wheat. 1t was the drouth. Now what
to do? Let us be prepared for big
Department of Agriculture drive for
spring wheat planting, uncertain crop
though it be, and more limited in habi-
tat. This is what the farmer will hear:
PLANT spring wheat. Don't run to
oats, corn or barley in hope Of higher
profits. The situation is desperate.
| Plant wheat"
The city dweller seldom has an ap-
preciative understanding of the Hoov,
| erian difficulties in a planting cam
paign. How, for instance, is q farmer
going to plant wheat when he has no
seed? Go to the grocery store and
get a pound of seed? Hero are some
seed figures:
1917 Crop. Bushels.
seed wheat .............. 100000 600
oeeu corn. ............... 2O,O00,000
Heed oats. ................, 100 0OO. 900
Seed cotton. ..........., $4,000 900
Soe1 oaIley ..'.'''..''..... I5,o00,000
seed potatoes. ............. 100000
In many localities there are almost
total crop failures. The grain type Is
| often peculiar to the locality. Where
the farmer is tenant Gas 40 per cent
OF American farmers now are, because
farming does not pay decent living
wage 20 the farmer) he often has
mortgaged his crop, which, being a
failure, yields him nothing for the
mortgage and no resources for seed.
This is where the Department of Agrl-
culture comes in. Secretary Houston
had an appropriation Of $4,000 for
the purchase of seed, revolving fund,
but he has properly asked Congress
for S6,000,00O moro for seed-buying
purposes.
Speaking of seeds, the extravaganza
use of garden seeds last year by ANA
teur gardeners has caused serious
shortage in this line. The distribu
ton OF garden seeds by Congressman
will be noon this year, provided they
distribute them to tho right places.
Price Fixing Has
Defeated Hoarding
The goddess Ceres has not been might
lily with us this winter, for frost has
killed off an alarming percentage of
the planting. An acreage abandon
ment of 91a per cent is normal. This
winter so per cent of the wheat is
winter-killed. The normal condition
Of winter wheat at this time of the
year is S9la per cent. The condition
of the nations wheat crop in January
is 70 $40 per cent
Now the question is how to overcome
these handicaps. Large spring plant
ing and a favorable summer NAV bring
the crop up to the highest expectation,
yes, even the billion bushel mark. For
after all the average acreage for the
past several years was only $4,000 900.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

vested the savings Of her thirty years
labor in some practically worthless
proposition, and in short time found
herself beggar. Of course, the peo-
Pic who took her money ought to have
been prosecuted, but she had no money
with which to start prosecution and
they were resourccful people anyway,
and would probably have dragged the
case out and beaten her if she had
started suit.
"Her tragedy there all comes back to
ignorance again. Indeed, believe that
Ignorance is the only real obstacle for
women to overcome in the financial
field. | believe that SO far as brain
faculty goes, appreciation, or the ability
to apply increased knowledge to what
they already have, they are as we'll
equipped as men.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
Hen to Lead in New Drive as ANA
teurs' Weapon-Skin1 Milk and Back
yard Pigpens To Be Rallied to Sup
port of the Boys in the Trenches
'Eat More Corn" Slogan Also ADJ
dressed to Livestock

cholera, cattle tick and other diseases
in cattle, sheep and hogs alone amount
ed to $212,0OO,0O0. Big strides are be-
ing made along this line, however. The
pink boil worm in cotton, smut in wheat
and livestock diseases are Huns Of
more than human efficiency in ruth
lessness. Cattle tick lost US $4,000
600 worth Of animals in 1917.
"Feed the bumper corn and oat crop
to the Stock" is 1918 slogan. "Eat
more corn" is addressed to the hog as
we'll as to the human. Hoover has
succeeded in reducing the price Of
millers' feed between 25 and so cents a
barrel.
Fish production and fish eating will
be part of the 1913 drive. The seas
and waters are alive with fish, the cat
ing Of which will save wheat and meat.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
They Have a
Fit Occasionally

There is one thing I have noticed
about them, though. Every lady is
apt to have to have fit occasionally.
I don't mean necessarily physical fit.
but she gets stalled, like machine
that has to be cranked up again before
it will go. She seems temporarily para
lyzed and incapable Of doing anything.
don't myself believe she has do
that, but they say you get education
from what you see around you, and so
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

T<HE Hoover 1917 food line wa.
denied by untoward economi,
i forces on several vital sectors
Like the famous Hindenburf
line. It proves to be an elastic rathe,
than rigid line of food defence, thu.
saving it's general contour, while yield
inc at disconcerting intervals.
The Hoover food line for 1918 will
present significant differences because
of the surprises which price fixing and
Of forced production in given directions
involve Observe these important de-
yelopments for 1918.
The fixed price of $3.50 bushel fol-
wheat has sent other grains kiting in
the market, abandoning the old eco.
monte relations between corn, oats and
rye and the price of wheat. The farm
srs are apt to turn to oats and to corn
in quest Of profit for 1918. The patri-
otto food drive for 1918 must head of
the profit seeking farmer from that
fatal pursuit.
The Department of Agriculture last
autumn aimed at planting of $4,000.
600 acres of fall wheat to save the
world from the starvation that else i'm.
ponds. The drive was TO be, and still
is, for l,000000,000 bushels. The plant.
ing amounts to not more than $4,000.
900 acres, more than normal acreage
TO be sure, but frankly inadequate. The
desperate drouth in the West STAYED
the farmers hand-that and the fixed
price of 81 for 1918 wheat. There are
reassuring factors, as we shall present.
ly see. But first let us outline the
whole problem.
100000 Tons Behind
In Aiding Allies
We have just heard Mr.. Hoover's
sombre warnings as to the impending
famine in France, where rationing has
been resorted TO. France has seized ali
wheat On top OF this comes LORD
Rhonddas report disclosing grave
shortages in England. Our food ad
ministration is 100000 tons behind in
supplies to the Allies. They called fol
100000 tons up to January ], and
they have received but 100000 tons.
"Wheatess days" here will help re
duce the "brcadless weeks" in France:
but emergency wheat production must
SUI be the main reliance. Cooperating
with Hoover, the Department of Agri.
culture viii press its campaign of edu.
cation "to help the public visualize
iood productions" the labor involved
and the dependence of each man upon
the specific activities of food raising;
N brief. "to impress upon the public
the preciousness Of food"
Bread is more staple in Europt
than it is here. Yet England ant
France are reduced to about half of ON
per capita consumption.
The gardening zeal of 1917, shall W.
resume it in 1918? Shall we get on
the hoe and cultivate every availabl,
cod for 1918?
The garden drive of 1917 was al
overwhelming success. The crop o.
vegetables vas excessive, especially O.
potatoes. And the crop OF patriotism
was Of even greater comfort. But there
was distinct interference with the
economies 0f ,1rnrjr1ctiOo N,,.1,o4 ,~or
ceners were crushed out of business b.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
Especial Correspondence

X7AsHlNGToN. Jan. 1o.-'"The
w shortage Of labor is acute" has
become one of the familiar
e'es and excuses of the war The pom
"fous civilization we have built seems
nave outgrown the foundation of
S''sers on which it must stand. With
Auadr"ds of thousands engaged on the
~!flad tasks that gid or soften life, we
ore lacking coal, iron, even food. The
question is becoming insistent: Can
0uE civilization support itself without q
Suostratum of almost enslaved toilers
Inc latest palliative offered for the
present strain-a palliative that almost
answers this question in the negative
% Inc suggestion to admit Chinese farm
."oorers to meet the needs of greater
aooa production in the United States
%HG canada. 1t is coming to the front
- S9hgress, and has occasioned consid-
,sseo'e discussion by farseeing critics
throughout the country.
Al the instance of certain Republi-
. S IN the Senate the Committee on
nrsaculture OF that body has been di-
aas.seo' by unanimous resolution, to
.a a'aAe a careful investigation into the
ts;aasis,aolllty of recommending legisla-
c cpn mat will permit the importation Of
f Suinese farmers into the United States
~ the duration of the war"
California Now
Loudest in Demand
~. C.uriously enough, in the light of its
~ ~ history, the loudest demand for
f",nese labor has come from Cali
os Una "a The State Development Board
california passed a resolution ia
sssns the importation of Chinese
tSa to California to "remain for
f s"s duration OF the war" The Cali
1 Ch;a Fruit Growers also demanded
fnr .nese labor. alleging that without it
ir,'her increased production would be
ny napossible. The Pasadena Board of
nre "ue passed resolution favoring the
np.o!ect, and the press of California has
10y generally supported it.
Cauuse Ebert H. Gary, of the Steel
eisl p .,, in speech to a CONNER
er a' club IN Chicago startled his hear
Sta the extent needed the United
RS es should Immediately, under
sts;p.; conditions and reasonable re-
tba e1iohs' draw from the islands of
en-, sea and from Oriental countries
ssilassh men, including soldiers and
lsa;oo,,s, TO meet every emergency. If
AZ ss's saln is required Congress should
NJ without delay"
0 proposition under serious dis
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
BY William ]. Black

THE Hoover 1917 food line was
denied by untoward economic
i forces on several vital sectors.
Evening star., 1918-06-13

STRICTLY NEW SUBURBAN HOUSE. I
rooms. bath; beamed ceilings. pantry. cellar
under whole house, hot-water heat, electric
range. open frep1aces; lot 150115O; high eleva-
tion; oveflooks cityS one mile from District
line: two .kQuares from electric cars; $4,000;
small cash and monthly payments.
y. WALTER WEED. 1413 H ST. NV.
Evening star., 1918-06-13
SENATE IS STUDYING
ANGLO-AMERICAN TREATY

The Senate foreign relations COM
mittee. at a special meeting today re-
ferred to subcommittee for study
the revised British-American draft
treaty signed June 3 by Secretary
Lansing and Lord Reading, the British
ambassador.
Another meeting of the foreign rela-
tions committee tomorrow is planned.
with members stating today that the
revised treaty substantially meets OBJ
jections to the original draft, a rec
ommendation for ratification was ex-
pected.
suggestion of opposition to the
treaty came in brief Senate debate to-
day, when Senator Reed of Missouri
pointed out that, although American
boys in this country under twenty-one
years of age are exempt from draft,
the proposed treaty would subject
American boys in British territory to
British draft as young as eighteen
yearS-the British draft ages being
eighteen to. forty-five.
The treaty as revised is understood
to provide that the draft law shall not
be applied to citizens of the respective
countries who are exempt from the
draft of their own countries. Thus
Americans in Great Britain only be-
tween the ages of twenty-one and
thlrty-one will be subject to draft,
and in this country only British citi-
zens. including Canadians. within the
limits of the British draft, between
eighteen and forty-five. may be
drafted.
Evening star., 1918-06-13
TWO ATTEMPTS FAIL FOR
RAISING WOMEN'S WAGES
House Later Adopts a Proposal for
1924 Daily for Plate Print
er Assistants.

Proposal for a wage increase for
woman employees Of the bureau of en-
craving and printing was defeated in
two House votes yesterday on amend
ments to the sundry civil bill offered
by Miss Jeanette Rankin. She expects
to demand q roll call vote by the
House on the amendments later.
Chairman Sherley accepted and the
House adopted an amendment Offer
ed by Miss Rankin, the effect of
which will be to provide 1924 daily
for woman assistants to plate print
ers. In opposing the other salary in
creases, Chairman Sherley pointed to
recent legislative action to raise the
salaries Of all government workers.
He said bureau wages were raised
first from $1.75 to $1.92. and can be
further increased by the director to
$2.25. The employees further will
share in the proposed $120 fiat in
crease in government salaries, adding
another 4S cents daily. which will
bring their pay up to $2.70.
Representative Nolan of California,
author of the 50 a day minimum
wage bill, supported Miss Rankin's
amendments.
Representative Cannon and Repre-
sentative Byrnes of South Carolina
supported Chairman Sherley in his
stand against a further increase.