Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-05
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NATIONAL DEFENCE
Continued from Page one)

lack Of previous American experience
in battle plane construction led to the
adoption TO a large extent of designs
developed in the allied countries, or in
Europe resulted in the development OF
the composite international design,
known as the Liberty Motor SO con-
structed and with its parts SO stand
ardized that it lends itself easily to
quantity production with American
shop methods.
'Manufa ctUriug resources Of the
country were adapted to the manufac-
tire OF airplanes, the general policy
adopted being that of relying mainly
on relatively few highly organized and
Iuanifestly ca pa b G establishments
rather than scattering orders for
planes md separate parts among a
Largo number oil small shops.
competitive bidding between the
var and nav% departments and be-
tween sub departments and commit
tees. has been eliminated by the Gen
eral Munitions Beard. which acted as
Il ciearins; hous5; particularly for or
Cr:s WHICH involve mater ials il which
q national shortage existed. Where
manufacturing facilities we're Insult
ri"nt the board has directed efforts to
develop new facilities.
The committee on supplies by the
securing Of options. the 'pegging Of
prices of various articles, the allot-
lnent of large requirements throughout
the industries. the elimination Of mid
dlemen and the curbing Of competition
between government departments, has
Enabled the government to make sub
StGntial savings in its purchases of
textiles. foodstuffs and leather.
The report of the committee on raw
u aterials, minerals and metals states:
'Witc-ut authority to fix prices, the
rCln;tittee has succeeded in obtaining
raw materials at substantial price
reductions without trade disturbance
"f real consequence. Without the le
gal power to determine priority, il
las been largely instrumental in many
cases in diverting output in such man
ner as to secure the greatest general
benefit. Without any power save that
II persuasion. it has brought special
lied private business efficiency into
immediate and effective cooperation
18th we'll ordered federal SYSTEM
In stimulating the work of the com
mittee on coal production, the report
says.
During the week ending January
g. 1917, the average daily production
of btumnous coal was $4,000 net
tons, Of anthracite coal 22s.490 gross
tons: during the week ending April
n 1911 the time of the creation Of
the committee on coal production the
average daily production of bitumin-
ur:s coal had decreased to l,6S20oO
tons; of anthracite to 223,GS0 gross
tons. From the latter date, production
progressively increased until early in
July bituminous coal was being pro-
duced ut the rate of 902, S64 tons per
day. and anthracite at the rate Of PSI,
$50 gross tons per day, the greatest
output in the entire history of the coal
industry. an output. if maintained,
sufficient to supply. not only the entire
coal requirements of this country but
also would have created a large sur
plus 10 relieve the coal shortage of
the allied nations"
The Commercial Economy Board has
studied ami advised how commercial
business might reduce non-essen-
cred returns of unsold bread to bak-
cries, waste in deliveries, wool c0nSer
walton and other fields.
The report of the Committee on
Transportation outlines the history Of
the directing organization for war
purposes built up by the Railroad War
Board upon the special invitation of
the Council of National Defense The
ton mileage during April. May and
June was l5.5Qo.00o 900 ton miles which
was IS per cent more than in the pre-
NOuS year.
To economize in ira file facilities pas
Senger trains making over "A. 900 900
miles per year in the aggregate had al
ready been discontinued at the recon-
mcndation of the executive commit
tee This, the report estimates will
result in the saving of 100000 tons of
coal per year, and has released 5000
mon ana considerable number of
engineers for other and more impor-
tant service.
The committe" on labor's report tells
of the conference of organized labor
representatives at which they stated
their unqualiied allegiance to the Re
public in any situation.
Later Il resolution was adopted by
the committee. approved by the Coun-
Ill. declaring there should be no de-
parturc from present standards in
state laws or state rulings affecting
lahor. vitEoUt & declaration by the
'"GNci, t|at i Is essential for ma
rinna! defense.
~ desrrhir- work Of special COM
pi;ito,H SrsCial mention is made of