davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
BRITISH TOMM|ES
BACK FROM FRONT
TELL Of CRUELTY
Republican A. P. Leased Wire1

LONDON. Feb. 10.-Reuters Limited
has received copies of carefully veri-
fled sworn statements from British
soldiers who have returned from Ger
man prison camps and hospitals re-
garding systematic brutality prac-
ticed by the Germans upon Italian
prisoners. These reports come from
more than dozen different parts of
Germany. They have been confirmed
by independent testimony. The re-
ports all are of recent origin, as the
soldiers who gave the testimony left
Germany only recently. a majority of
them having been released from prison
camps about month ago
Regarding the camp at Langenealza.
SaXony, testimony has been received
from more than a dozen independent
sources. In November about two
thousand Italian prisoners We're
brought in and placed in a separate
part of the. camp behind barbed wires
According to the reports. they were
unnecessarily knocked about by under
officers and guards. who struck them
with rifle butts and scabbards.
The Italians appeared famished and
used to rush. for their soup. The Ger
mans, however. stabbed them with
SWORDS ana DayonetS, Killing or wound
ing many of them. Seven or eight
Italians We're dying from starvation in
the camp every day.
There is a strong feeling among the
English prisoners that something
should be done for the Italians, who
are dying at the rate of six or seven
day through starvation or dysentery
Reports of barbarous treatment come
from the Dulmen, Westphalia, camp.
from Cassel, where it is reported the
Italians are treated worse than the
British; from Mannheim, Munster,
Serbft and Anhalt.
At Freidrichsfelde, province of
Brandenburg, sentries shot Italians for
trying to get food from the British
prisoners. Equally revolving stories
come from Hammelburgh, Stendal,
Soltau, Limburg and Hamburg.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
VERDUN FIGHTING
ON THE INCREASE
IRepublican A. P. Leased Wire]

BERLIN, Feb. 10.-Via London
Increased activity by the entente
forces in the Verdun region, on both
sides of the Moselle in French Lor-
raine and in sectors northeast and
east of Nancy is reported in today's
war office statement. There were
raiding activities in various sec
tors. The statement adds:
Front of Crown Prince Rupprecht:
At some points on the front there
were artillery duels. In re-connoiter-
ing engagements near the coast, Bel
gian and French prisoners were taken
and northwest of Ypres. as well as
between Cambria and st. Quentin
English prisoners were taken
PARIS, Feb. 10.-The artillery fire
was fairly intense yesterday in the
Campaign and in the Verdun region,
last nights official statement an
nounced.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
Railroads and
War Work to
Be Main Talk
Republican A. p. Leased Wire1

WASHINGTON, Feb. 1o.-RaiI-
road and war organization legis-
lation will largely divide interest
and effort of congress this week.
Amended by committees, the bill
to govern government operation of
railroads during the war will be
brought before both senate and
house tomorrow. Continuous con-
sIderation of the measure until
final disposal, probably within
two or three weeks, is planned.
In the senate, although the rail-
road bill is to have right of way
under the rules for freedom of de-
bate, the war discussion probably
will be the subject actually before
the senate almost daily this week.
Several senators are preparing ad-
dresses on the military committees
bills for a war cabinet and muni-
tions director.
Secretary Bekar probably will
go to the capitol again during the
week to discuss confidentially be-
fore the military committee the
outlook for army transport tonnage
on which he bases his hope of
sending a million and half
American troops to Europe this
year.
Both senate and house probably
will temporarily lay aside the rail-
road and other matters during the
week to consider new important
army legislation.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
KING GEORGE AND
QUEEN WIRE THEIR
SYMPATHY TO T. R.
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

NEW YORK, Feb. 10.-ColoneI
Theodore Roosevelt, who underwent
two operations last week. is stea Oily
improving and his physicians believe
tonight his recovery is simply mat
ter of time. While Colonel Roosevelt
will. in all probability, suffer acutely for
several days, the attending surgeons
look for his complete recovery, it was
announced. The essential thing now is
absolute quiet and rest.
Mrs. Roosevelt tonight received the
following message from King George
of England:
The queen and I regret the illness
of Colonel Roosevelt and hope for his
speedy recovery"
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
MONONCAHE[A ICE
DANGER HALTED
Republican A. p. Leased Wire]

PITTSBURG, Feb. 10.-Movement of
the great ice ~orge in the Monongahela
river. extending for nearly ten miles
above Brownsville. Pa, which started
to break up early today and which
threatened to cause considerable dam
age along the lower course of the
stream, has been stopped momentarily
according to reports tonight. The ice,
80 feet high. was reported to have
jammed at bend at number five pool,
a short distance below Brownsville.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
FRENCH NOT GLAD
OVER PEACE TRYST
Republican A. p. Leased Wire1

PARIS, Feb. 10.-Comment of the
French press on the signing of a
Peace between the central powers
and the Ukraine is as a rule some
what depressed in tone. "The news is
nc cause of rejoicing for u.s." says
La Nictoire.
Premier Clemenceau's L'Homme
Liber points out that the Ukranians
are setting out upon a dangerous road,
delivering their country with its rich
resources to German exploitation.
The Gavlois considers the Ukranian
surrender confirms the view that
Germany is making an effort to reach
Odessa. Alfred Capus. in the Figaro,
considers the peace as of an unendur-
ing character.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
CHICAGO POLICE
TO MAKE CLEANUP
OF GUNMEN THUGS
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

CHICAGO Feb. 10.-Five hundred
rifles were distributed to Chicago
patrolmen today and score of auto
mobile squads were organized to hunt
down gangs of gunmen and armed rob-
bers who have been terrorizing the
city for the past few weeks
In the greatest roundup of GRIMM
ais il the history of Chicago, more
than 1000 persons were being held to-
night as a result of police activity of
the past twelve hours.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
WANT SKILLED WORKERS
Republican A. p. Leased wlre1

WASHINGTON, Feb. 10-An at
tempt to enlist at least a quarter of
million skilled workmen in its Ship
yard volunteer reserve will be made
this week by the Emergency Fleet cor
poration through state councils of de-
fense. The week has been designated
as Registration week" in every state
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
VIOLENT ARTILLERY
Republican A. P. Leased Wirel

Paris, Feb. 10.-Tonights war office
announcement says:
violent artillery actions occurred on
both sides of the Meuse and in the
Vosges in the sectors of La Bon
Homme ad Niolu. An enemy raid on
one of our small posts in the region of
Boureuilles, in the Argonne failed.
Eastern theater, February 5-Bul-
garian reconnaisances were repulsed on
the Struma by British troops and on
the right bank of the Cerna in the di-
rection of Gradishte by Serbian troops.
The artillery was active north of Mon
aStir"
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
AMERICANS IN
BATTLE WITH
GERMANS Die
United States Soldiers Are
Reported Killed In Fight
With Germans, Attacked
From No Mans Land
IRepublican A. p. Leased Wire1

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY IN
FRANCE, Saturday, Feb. 9. - Five
American soldiers are believed to have
been killed, four are missing and one
was wounded when an American patrol
was ambushed in No Mans Land last
night by a superior force of Germans.
The spot where the encounter oc-
CURED is an isolated one and reports
concerning the casualties inflicted by
both sides are meagre- Only one
American is known to have escaped
the trap of the Germans, which was laid
in front of our wires. The one sur
vivor, who crawled back to the Ameri
can lines with bullet i'll his chest, is
unable to talk.
Our artillery Immediately laid d bar
rage around the ambushing Germans
and some are believed to have been
accounted for. The infantry accounted
for Others as it is certain the attacked
patrol fought to a finish. according to
information trickling in from the front
line.
Our patroling soldiers were walking
in front of our wire entanglements
when a big enemy patrol that had
| been divided into parties which took
up concealed positions opened fire at
close range. The night was clear and
the forms of the Americans made pos
sible the targets for the hidden Ger
mans. There is no doubt but that the
Americans battled gallantly until COM
pletely overpowered. The artillery
| duel in our sector continued today.
Scores of airplanes were out observ-
| ing and making photographs. The men
in the line were thrilled by a number
of air duels high in the sky over their
| heads.
| An American general now commands
| the sector of the front recently taken
| over by our troops. When the Ameri-
/ cans first entered the sector it was
under the command of a French gen.
/ eral commanding a certain large unit
of the French army. Now we have
| control.
In turning the sector over to the
American general on February the
| French commander issued a general
order in which he expressed complete
satisfaction with our troops, and was
confident that the sector was in good
| hands and, if attacked, would defend
it with great Valor.
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY IN
FRANCE, Feb. 10. - One American
artilleryman was killed and five artil-
ierymen were wounded Saturday night
by shell fire The Americans sprinkleG
the enemy trenches with shrapnel al
during today. There was considerable
patrol activity, but no further clashes
were reported.
The early reports of the encounter
between the Americans and Germans
Friday night in front of the American
wire ENHANCEMENT have been con-
firmed. The enemy patrol cried kan
Grad" as they opened fire and con-
tinued to fight.
Yells from the enemy. as the Ameri-
can barrage fell verified the accuracy
of the aim of the Americans.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
Not
Enthusiastic
over Outlook
LRepub ioan A. p. Leased Wire1

lHepuD lodn ~ r. EedScu WiIC1
AMSTERDAM, Feb. 10.-Little
trace of enthusiasm is apparent in
the German press comments on
the conclusion of peace with the
Ukraine. The Berlin Vossischs
Zeitung says:
The young state has placed it.
self under the protection of our
friendship to safeguard it's en-
dangered development. This cre-
ates a breach in the moral ring
with which British and American
calumny has surrounded us during
the war"
The Frankfurter Zetung re-
marks that to overestmate what
had been attained would be dan
gerous, but one of the chief gains
is that the almost forgotten idea
of peace issues forth for the first
time before the peoples of the
whole world as tangible reality
out of the unprecedented horror
of these times"
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
FUNERAL SERVICES
FOR SULLIVAN ARE
MOST IMPRESSIVE
IRepublican A. p. Leased Wire]

NEW YORK, Feb. 10-Services in
memory of the late John l.. Sullivan,
former heavyweight champion of
America, were held here today. The
church was crowded with personal
friends of the dead gladiator and men
and women whose names are promin-
ent in the world of sport and the stage.
The life Of Sullivan was praised by
speakers among whom was Jack Nc
Auliffe, former pugilist.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
ARMS RECEIVED
CRepubIican A. p. Leased Wire

SHANGHAI, Feb. 10.-The first in
stallment Of arms for China under the
Japanese army loan was delivered at
Chin Wang Tao, Chilli province
Monday last, according to dispatches
from Pekin to the China Press The
shipment, it is stated. consisted of GAS
machine guns, 324 field guns, $4,000
rifles and 100000 rounds of ammu-
milton
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
Sends UItimatum

BASIL, Switzerland Feb 10-Ger-
man newspapers arriving here say
Field Marshal Won Mackensen sent an
ultimatum to the Rumanian govern
ment February 6, demanding that
Ieace negotiations be begun within
Ioar days. The Rumanian cabinet
thoTeupon resigned.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
LIVELY FIGHTING

VIENNA, (via London), Feb. To-
Today's war office statement says:
''On the Settle Communi plateau and
east of the Brenta there was lively ar
tillery activity"
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
GERMAN U[T|MATUM
GIVEN RUMAN|ANS
Republican A. p. Leased Wire1

LONDON, Feb 10.-The Associa ted
Press learns that confirmation has
been received in Russian quarters in
London of the sending by Germany
of an .ultimatum to Rumania. These
advices say the ultimatum was pre-
sented Tuesday and expired yester-
day.
The foreign office has received word
that the Rumanian cabinet resigned
Friday.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11
POLISH FORCES
ARE VICTORIOUS
Republican A. p. Leased Wire1

LONDON, Feb. 10.-Polish forces
which recently revolted from the Rus
sian army under the leadership of
General Dovbor Mousnitsky have cap
tured SmolenSk from the Bolsheviki.
according to advices from Vienna, for
warded by the Exchange Telegraph
correspondent at Copenhagen.
If the foregoing report is correct, the
revolving Poles have already pushed
some distanct from Mohilev the Rus
sian headquarters which they were de-
clared, in advices through Berlin, Feb
ruary 5. to have occupied, aEresting
Ensign Krylenko, commander-in -in-c chief
of the Bolsheviki forces, and his staff.
Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930, 1918-02-11

Continued on Page Two)
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29
SPANISH WAR PALS IN DRAFT
Tate anj Rumley Discover That His.
tory Repeats itself.

History repeats itself. snys the old
n,iugr.
Fred Tate. head Of ~" spcclnl agents
of III" secret service department
NJ Kansas Clly. Me-. cnn testify 10 That.
Tate wns standing IN lin" "n rrgls.
ituli"n day when u" noticed n familiar
fncr. II WIS John l,umlry, boyhood
iri,nd FROM Gc,iyshurs. IA.
"Whni dncs this remind You of
.iuhnT' asked TnIr. Iiumlry studied II
iuuurhi uud then said:
"T"rniy years ur" When We stood
Ia lin" To- enlist IN III" Spnnlsh.Amcri
can wnr. It's queer how things r'pca
themselves"
"And we're both ready to 90 again,
declared Tate,
"lou bet" ,ild lium''y.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29
The Greatest Rattle


After the lifting Of IN" censorship.
the Associated Press haE given US u
brief description Of Americas great
est battle. beginning at Argonnc On
September 20. extending 10 the M"us"
and ending u, Sedan. just ~ the Ar
misticc went into effect November ~.
In this great struggle, many Hot
county boys took part Company !,
of the i3H,h Infantry, and men called
,o the colors and assigned ,o the ah6ih
infantry. The Germans had admitted
their defeat nine days before the end
caiur. when the Americans 10y s,oaly
rdyHnccs through thick wunds, broken
ground, iiacklcss, miiA terrain, ~.
pnscd tu mcrricss fire from hidden
batteries. hal broken through IN"
,hosi gigantic and scientific dcicns =
! that all the skin of the G''mors had
been abe to perfect IN lnnr year,.
! This achievement is without paial. !
! in war. hut IT, Importance dd not urirc
from the seeming impi"grahility 81
the position, from which the Germans
we're hurled. They were key pr B.
tons. and the Gcimans brought tp TIE
| defense all th" reserve they had, gi'.
ing the British and French at other
points an opportunity tu max" unin-
corrupted and rapid advance. The
Germans could not afford to lose the
main railway artery aud the keystone
Of their defense. The Associated
Press description II necessarily gem
cral, and we may expect books 10 bc
written about tie fighting when al
| the details are available from the
| twcnty-onc divisions that participated.
| All other American battles sink in
to comparative insignlficancc IN the
matter of numbers engaged. GIANT
and Meade had l5O,OOO men at the
battle Of the Wilderness, the high
mark Of strength Of single amy
in tho civil war. Hut Pcrshing had
5000 men under his command IN
the long battle ending nj Sedan. THIS
was eight times as many men as
Meade had ut Gettysburg. Between
September 20 and October ~ Il iS
known that at least thirty-siN enemy
divisions were opposed to our twenty
one. Fourteen fresh German divisions
were thrown in for five days fight
ing in November. brit in vain. There
was the natural swcrying Of lines IN
battle contact. but the Americans
pres scd inevitably forward, never per
mancntly losing an inch. Many greer
troops were used, never before in ac'
tual warfare, but they demean'r
themselves as veteran. All they diI
was against military odds and WIZ
theoretically impossible. but there
was no such word in pcrshings die
tonary. Again have Americans dem
fighting stock in the world.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29
The Sick.

ne SIGN.
We have had several cases Of sick.
ness the past few weeks among which
were Dr. J. /. Hogan and wife, who
have both been u very sick couple
from pneumonia. following the influ-
cnZa. They are both now GONZALES.
cling. Matt Eilcr has been confined
10 his bed from slight attack Of in
flucnza. bu, " nov convalcscing; his
wife now has symptoms. Harold
Markt has boch down with the dis
ease n also Earl Pierce; Vince Cridei
aud wife have also been confined on
account of that disease. also John Ro
beck. All of these eases are now con
vnlcscing.
Oregon has been exceedingly for
tunato during the prevalence Of th'
influenza throughout this section of th,
state. and cnly the rasc OF Dr. Hogan
and wife. have there been any alarm
ing cases. The families of Gcorr.
Dcrr and Harry Gclvin have recover
cd. bu, the toll WAS the latter's bah,
boy,
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

bunk, often rrcnsy from l,nv ,cc,,o
tion and usually infested with Cos
min; and on such n co,cb IN, sou,.
silent on his y,v,,.
Today the. law uud th, sblp,,r,
boards regulations provide inr n
standard typc of bed npd b,ddIpo far
the sailor. The he'd js of iro, limo
puintpd, with steel spripp. or n sh,ny
canvas bottom. This bed is sanitary.
ns II has nn cracks or loos, Joints In
which vcrmin may breed.
Rules nf the shining bnord p-o,,s.
that "mnitrcSS and pillow with covers.
cnlorcd spread rnd suill,l,n, hI,nt,.,s
shall BE- furnished by tho owners far
rnrh member uf the crew" Tb, ,n,v
responsibility nf tho sailor in cr,prc.
ton with his he'd IL In lrr, 1, rl,,,
and srr that his b.,Idipy ia n,, l,s,
Separate m.SSronms fnr ia, crow
nnd the rrcmrn urr rruulr.d undcr tho
rules. nnI hn,h urr rrr,ii,.d vlt, f,
clean. we'll ventilated ,,,shr,,r, ,,t,h
basins, and n hn,h. Al, tho new shins
turned m, by ,be Em.r,,urv rtn,,
corporoiIon hoy. excellent sb,v.r
bn,h facilities for rr.rr,,n for,.s and
crew.
al, Ha,da on peekv still s,,,ss
While tho pu,pher md .,,c,o,. chor
motor AZ IN. rp,,s ora r,,,i,,inn,
und.r which American .,ll,rs nf ,r,,,
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

VilhJalmur Stefansson, discoverer OF
the blond Esklmos and five new In
lands IN the Arctic and who hns been
studying the barren wastes Of the far
north for five years for the Canadian
government. arrived recently In New
York. Despite his serious Illness
through which he recently passed he
looks as strong as musk OK.
II will be recalled that when the
Karluk, the largest of his six ships
went down during the first year 1t was
prodicted that the expedition would
he u failure. Many times the rumo'
was that the Stcfansson party had per
ished. but. on the contrary. the part!
returned safe and sound.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29
Candy Money Aids Orphans.

Giving up their pennies for candy
the children IN the grades at the Lin
coin school In Cleveland are turning
over their spending money to swell I
fund for French orphans. Enough
money has alrendy been given to pro
vide for the adoption Of SIX orphans.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

\ government monster airplanc, out
from Omaha, on It's way To Kansas
CITY. on Saturday. of last week. Nov.
-. was compelled to take to the
ground on the ". +. Davis place.
southwest Of Oregon, on account of
getting out ~ gas. They came dowa
about noon, az soon us they took on
a supply of ga,. they continued on
their journey.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

Take no chances with your Radi-
ator - Twclvc-Twenty will prevent
freezing up to 20 degrees below zero.
WIN not rust-will not injure rubber
or metal-will not evaporate. One ap-
plication will run you through the
wintor--guaranteted. Sold by Cook &
Foster.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

Money to Lend on iarms--llor-
rover has option 10 pay part or all OF
principal at amy time. Most liberal
terms ever afforded. Call. write or
phone 10 VS.. Costs you nothing; saves
yJu money.
'rilE SlSSOS LOAN & TITLE co.
OriccE over Nudaway Valley Bank,
Maryvilc. Missouri.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29
ALFALFA hay AND STRAW
FOR SALE.

I have some good Alfalfa Hay and
Straw for Sale. II in need Of these
see me soon, as want TO move them.
II not sold soon will ship.
-. NJ. MARTIN.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29
u.,, n,n.. for War STAMINA

III. A. Daily Of Springfield, Mo-. who
for "a years has collected half dimes
. as a hobby, took about 400 OF the coins
10 q local bank and Invested thsm u
War Savings Stamps. .5.s,
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

Missouri furnished i40,6S4 fighting
men, and $500, 100000 toward vim
ming the war, according to official fig
ures of the state adjutant generals
office. The state furnished:
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

Nov is the time to change that
broken glass in your windows-pre-
pare for the cold winter.--E. o. Phil.
lipe keeps large stock Of glass.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29
The Silent Rcapcr.

claude Bri,ell, one Of Clay town.
ships o'd and highly respected cit.
i2"rs died at the homo Of his son,
north uf Maitland. on Wednesday. 4
la, week, Nov. -. at the age Of I'd
years.
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

ost"- conNey o'e"N'ast soes'
but IAN Hands on Deck" Remains.
-
Rulcs regulating the hours of labor
and other working conditions aboard
American merchant ships have been
issued by the United States shipping
board. They deal with every mem.
ber Of the ships personnel. from the
chief officer down TO the coal passcr
IN the bunkers.
Recent working prncticc In the
American merchant mnrtnc Is rcnfI,rm.
cd and crys,n,lizcd In these rules. md
owing 10 the present large ncc,ssions
IN ,,jI,cers and men 20 The merchant
marine tbro,,yh tho shining bonrd's
rocrui,inv sery.ce. those ruIes boye
certain element, OF oppcnI 10 populnr
,o,,ro.,
Ct. a.. ..,,o. 30
-, .,.. ...,..n ...,crs an, ac,cor,
r.. .,..,,a .. . -,a, e., .n.,, J,,..'
r.. .,.",. 80, .,.,,,,
80. ,','", ..,,,,.,,-,, :, ..,,..
,, 49,, '....,,a,, ., ,r.,,,no,,
49,, .,,..,,.. $50, ,.ar,,n. r,,,,s
ns the shipping bonrds working rules
enjoin, would he beyond the belief of
the most optimistic Of ancient mar.
iners.
The rules nre divided under three
heads, relating respectively to deck
officers, deck crew and engine nnd Are
room forces. They establish m eai.
cheney schedule as cxnct ns thn, c'n.
ploycd In any modern factory or In.
dustrini plant. yet fair 10 the mnn
working under them. who knows whcr"
he stands n,i the time In his relations
with his employer, the operator of the
vessel. Furthermore. his bonrd md
lodging being provided by his employ.
ar. ne knows cxnci'y wllnt TINT con.
.is,s o. TIL. nn,urc ~ his lodging
place. he'd nnd bedding. Is stipulated.
-, .,.., A., .,.,.,,t,,i., IN, al, for, far
The Holt County sentinel., 1918-11-29

w. $. Wood. NJ. D.. Diseases Of
Children. Physicians and Surgeons
Bldg, 81. Joseph. Mo.