davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Europes Coal I roblem Is
Solved Without Shutdown
ohortage Acute, but Efficient Government
control OF Railroads and Mines Speeds Up
industries, While Cutting Down Supply to
omall Consumers and 1ouseholders

and library, while even moro frequent
~ 1t serves as the kitchen as we'll.
Italy is moro hard pressed even than
France, largely because Of the in
creased shipping difficulties in the
Mediterranean and the poorer system
of regulation and distribution.
ltaly's Plants Kept Running
In some parts Of Italy there was real
suffering this winter among tho civil
population. but the munition plants
were being kept running at top speed.
In Spain. Portugal. Holland and Den
mark the fuel shortage is moro acute
than it is even in Germany. BY using
women and prisoners Germany has sue
cccdcd in increasing her output Of coal ,
and conditions in Berlin arc reported
better this winter than last.
However, it is found necessary to in
troduce measures of the strictest econ
omy, the gas supply being reduced and
street lighting limited 10 the barcst
necessity.
In all the European belligcycnts cf-
forts are made to strike a balance be-
tween the needs of .ha civilian popula-
tlon and war requirements. but the
latter always get . little the better
Of it.
AS the governments control the rail
ways and mines, they are able to pre-
serve the balance much better than if
ono or the other was managed by pri-
vatc interests. Allowing for war
weariness in Europe, it is remarkable
that there are not more complaints of
fuel shortage.
1t speaks we'll for the management
here lat at no period of the war has
it been found necessary to adopt meas
troduced. Instead Of increasing the
number of holidays the war workers
have been kept under greater pressure.
Labor Wants Quick Decision
Recently several labor leaders here
nave expressed publicly their doubt
whether America would become an inn
Tortant military factor in 1918, tho
l;test being w. c. Anderson. in The re-
cent man power debate in the House
Of Commons
1t must frankly be admitted that
labor will accept nothing willingly,
which means delay in arriving at a
settlement If Garticld's measures
mean the eventual speeding up Of
America they will get hearty indorse-
ment on this side; if they mean re-
tarding war preparations they Will do
harm. When Premier Lloyd George an
swered the series of questions put Fri
day By labor representatives he showed
how we'll be appreciated labor's atti-
tudc toward the war. and admitted
that labor has obtained a voice in af-
fairs. And labor wants q quick de
cison. There is no mistaking that.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Navy League Buys
Knitting Machines

WASHINGTON, Jan. 20. To keep
Pace with the demand for woollen socks
for sailors and soldiers. the comforts
committee of the Navy League has
placed an initial orGcr for ten sock
knitting machines, which will be in
stalled in the Washington headquar-
tcrs. These machines will turn out in
an hour a pair of knitted socks which
require the most expert worker two
days to make by hand. Ordinarily from
four to seven days are spent in making
one pair of socks.
The comforts committee has found it
impossible to supply all of the requests
for socks, and has decided thereforc to
supplement with machines the work Of
the thousands of women now engaged
in knitting socks. If the machines
prove successful they Will be installed
in comforts committee Offices as quickly
as they can be bought Women who
row knit may aid BY giving yarn for
the machines.
1t is said hand knitted socks will last
three times as long as those made by
machines, but at the present moment,
with thousands of men in need of socks.
the committee does not think it cX-
redient TO try TOO much for quality.
deeming quantity production the thing
most necessary.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
McAdoo Urges South
o Raise Own Food

WAsHlNGToN. Jan. 2o.-The South
should help win the war by raising it's
own foodstuffs and eliminating the ne
cessity of transporting food from
other sections Of the country, said
Director General McAdoo in an appeal
sent to-day to the people of the South,
and particularly to farmers. Without
reducing cotton production, farmers
ought to produce more milk butter,
eggs, poultry, fruit and vegetables, he
suggested.
zone of the great tasks confronting
the American people, said Mr.. McAdoo,
'is that of improving and making thor
oughly efficient their railroad trans
portation system. The people of the
South. and especially the farmers, are
in the habit of using the transp sportation
system OF the country to a degree that
IS highly uneconomic and unnecessary
for the purpose of transporting food
and feed from other parts Of the Unit
ed States because they do not produce
enough foodstufs and feedstutfs for
themselves.
Il wish to urge upon the people Of
the South, and especially the farmers,
TO do everything possible during the
next year to relieve the strain on the
railroad agencies of The nation by pro-
ducing their own food and feed crops"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
New Staff Named to
Keep Alien Property
New Workers Among Assistants
to Palmer Department
[Staf Correspondence


WASHINGTON, Jan. 20.-Norgan NJ.
Mann, an attorney. and Lawrence Nc
Guire. real estate operator, both of
New York, are named, respectively, as
sociate counsel and manager of the
real estate department of the alien
property custodian's Office, of which
A. Mitchell Palmer is director, it was
announced to-day
The law bureau Of the custodians
Office has been reorganized as follows:
Lee c. Bradley. of the firm of Till
man, Bradley e. Morrow. of Birmlng-
ham, Ala, general counsel
Bradley w. Palmer, of the firm of
Story, Thorndyke. Palmer & Dodge,
Boston. and Morgan NJ. Mann. of the
firm of Hornblower. Miller Potter,
of New York, associate counsel
J. E. McCloskcy. jr.. general counsel
for the HARRISON Walker Refractories
Company, of Pittsburgh; Mansfield
Ferry, formerly associated with the
firm of Root, Clark, Buckner & How
land; Ralph J. Baker, of Philadelphia,
and E. c. Higbee, of Connellsville,
Penn. assistant counsel.
Herbert S. Daniels. attorney at law.
of Omaha, chief of the division of in
dividual property.
Lawrence MCGUIRE president of the
United States Realty Company of New
York, manager of the real estate de-
partment.
Earl l. McClintock. chief of the divi-
sion of neutral countries.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21

tomorrow, probably with examination
of Governor Goodrich, of Indiana, re-
carding Indianas coal shortage.
Whether the committee will recon-
mend any legislation has not been in
dicated. Despite disapproval evidenced
last week in Congress Of the drastic
coal conservation orders of the fuel
administration, no effort to interfere
apparently is planned.
The House Naval Committees in
vestigatIon Of naval affairs Will close
late this week, to be followed by re-
port voiclng satisfaction with the navy.
Further inquiry into army affairs is
planned by the Senate Military Com
mittee, which may resume hearings
some time this week on cantonment,
aviation. sanitation and other ques-
tons. suspended to press legislation
resulting from the Investigation Of
army organization, ordnance and sup
ply problems.
Chairman Hurley of the Shipping
Board and Charles Piez, general man.
ager Of the Emergency Fleet Corpora
tion. viii be reeXamincd tomorrow by
The Senat. Commerce Committee in its
Investigation of the shipbuilding pro-
cramme Tuesday former Chairman
William ~enman is to testify. A bill
to expedite shipbulding by comman-
deering of sportation facilities
used by shipyard workmen Will be be-
fore the Senate tomorrow.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
League to Enforce
Peace Elects Women

Names of the first women elected to
membership in the executive committee
of the League to Enforce Peace were
announced yesterday, after a meeting
of the committee on management of
that organization, at which William H.
Taft presided. They are:
Dr. Anna Howard Shaw. chairman of
the women's committee of the Council
of National Defence and honorary
president of the National American
Woman Suffrage Association.
Mrs. Eva Perry Moore, president of
the National Council of Women and
honorary president of the General Fed
Grafton of Women's Clubs.
Mrs. Thomas ]. Preston, of Prince
ton formerly Mrs. Grover Cleveland).
Miss NJ. Carey Thomas, president Of
Bryn Mawr College.
The league announced that these
women were added to its governing
board in pursuance of recent deter
mination to conduct campaign among
the women of the country, first. to
strengthen opposition to a premature
peace, and. second, to promote the for
nation after the war of a league of
nations.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Crowder Loosens Regula-
tions Governing Enlist
ment of Technical Men
Slight Defects Waived
Affected Vision, Underweight,
Flat Feet and Missing Fin
gers To Be Overlooked

Hereafter man who is hale and
hearty but two pounds or more under
the required weight for a soldier in
the field will be eligible for induction
into the Ordnance Corps, according to
a new ruling from Provost Marshal
General Crowder, just transmitted to
the local boards Of the state by Major
+. S. Hutchinson. head Of the Federal
Draft Bureau at Albany
The campaign TO eliminate the an
omaly of turning down as unnt for
technical jbs in auxiliary service men
who are succeeding in the same kinds
Of places in civil life has resulted in
this new order, which permits draft
registrants who voluntarily seek Undue
tion into the Ordnance Corps to waive
minor physical disqualifcatons. The
order will take effect as soon as the
Ordnance Corps is ready to receive
more men, and this depends presumably
on the time when the ordnance base
near Raritan, N. j., is finished.
Waive Slight Defects
Slight defects in the vision require
ments and minor defects, such as
underweight, fiat feet, missing finger
or toe, may be waived, provided the
applicant is considered physically
qualified for the duties required Of
enlisted men of the ordnance corps.
and skilled men, and when such men
are stationed in the field their SER
vices are performed behind the lines
These instructions apply only to in
ductions in the ordnance corps, and
take effect when wholesale, aggregate
lnductions in the ordnance depart
ment, which were stopped, are again
authorized. Authorization for this
relaxation has been given by the
adjutant general of the army"
new ruling in regard to instruct
ors in state agricultural colleges is
held to be slightly different from the
decision of the District Board of this
city last Thursday, when it turned
down an application for deferred
classification Of an Instructor in dairy
ing at the Connecticut Agricultural
College on the ground that "teaching
is not an industry"
The order authorized local and dis
trict boards to give deferred classifca-
tlon to any necessary highly special
lied agricultural expert employed by
state agricultural college, established d
under Federal law and regularly re-
be necessary to agriculture as an in
dustry and necessary to the adequate
and effective operation of the service
in which he is engaged, and who can
not be replaced without substantial ma
terial loss and detriment to the ade-
quate and effective operation thereof .
War Bridegrooms May Appeal
Another stumbling block is placed in
the path of those ardent brdegrooms
married since May 18, 1917. the day
the selectve service act became law.
who seek exemption on the ground of
having dependent wives, by new rule.
All such cases of war bride de-
pendents will have to be finally passed
on by the district board to get uni
for,nity of decisions. All government
appeal agents have been instructed to
appeal every case of this type which
local boards decide in favor of the reg
istrants.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
U.S.. Guard Stuck to Guns When
The Armenia Was Iorpedoed
Navy Department Commends American Sailors Who
Volunteered for Engine Room Service After Ship
Had Been Attacked by U-Boat

get second torpedo. and I also told
them not to mind the boats but save
tho shin. cav
About this time the engine room
force started back below. think the
captain remarked that somebody had
10 stay aboard the ship and that every
one could not get into the boats, Then
the captain sang out, IF there is no
water in the engine room we can beach
the ship
This assured me that everything
was all right and went to the bridge
TO c, get my pistol and confidential papers.
me captain followed me and he te]c-
graphed full speed ahead, adding that
1t was his belief that we could beach
the ship Seeing the captain had on
his life preseryer, I threw off my rain
coat and arctics and went to my room
and got my life preserver.
Coming back to the bridge we saw
that the men from some Of the look
out posts were getting ready the boats
and that the armed guards were stand
ing by their guns. They were furnished
with lights for the boats ard a lot
of heavy clothing was thrown in. Or
dcrs were given to lower the boats and
also to cast off the life RATS.
AFTER making an inspection of the
damage. went to the captain and
again told him that l thought we could
make il. if there was no second tor
pedo. The boats by this time had put
off from the ship. Seeing that we were
under way, an officer in boat yelled
to lis to throw him a line, so that he
could come back on board with the
men in the boat, but there was no time
to stop. A destroyer came alongside
and picked up the men, letting the
boats go adrift
Collision Mat Used
"a collision mat, with weights and
canvas, had been placed over the tor
pedoed hole. Flour in the hold had
going forward, though it had flooded
the icebox and storerooms. The ex-
plosion had knocked down three of the
lookouts on the gun platform. The
masthead lookOuts slid down the back
stays SO fast | thought they had
jumped from the crows nest"
Keeping ahead the Armenia was got
ten to safety and her cargo unloaded
into lighters and found to be only
slightly damaged
Some Of the armed guard, the COM
mander reported, volunteered to go
below to the engine room before the
men Of the ships crew went down to
the engines. Mention is made of the
radio operator, Brown, who. without
orders, kept sending his S 0 S calls
until the dynamo was shut down, when
he went to the bridge and kept up COM
snunication with the destroyer.
Boatswain's Mate Homiak has been
commended by the Navy Department
for the discipline he maintained, for
his devotion to duty and the results
obtained from the gun crew under his
command. The members of the guard
have also been commended.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Dies Trying to Get Warm

Leaky tubes leading to gas heaters
caused one death yesterday in the
Brownsville section of Brooklyn and
would have caused another but for the
energy Of Patrolman Patrick J. Nally,
of the Liberty Avenue police station.
Called by neighbors to 335 Liberty Ave
nue., the patrolman broke down the door
of the room occupied by Herman Sachs,
eighty-one years old, owner of the
building.
The old man was seated before a gas
heater, unconscious, with gas pouring
from the leaking tube. The patroman
threw open the windows and set to
work to revive Sachs pending the ar
rival Of an ambulance and pulmotor
The death was that of Alfred Stolz,
whose body was found near q defective
heater at 739 Glenmore Avenue.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Cut Investments,
Is plan Urged to
Aid War Savings

WASHINGTON, Jan. 20.-Hundreds
of war savings committees which have
been organized in cities, counties and
states may be used as agencies in the
proposed nationwide movement to re-
strict unnecessary building and other
enterprises not essential to the war
and to save capital investments Tor
government war bonds.
This became known day IN con
nection with the plans which the Fed
eral Reserve Board is making for reg
ulation of issues Of private securities.
A committee of the board which is
working out definite methods has un-
der consideration a suggestion that
committees Of business men and bank
ers in each community and state be m
trusted with the task OF cutting off at
the source proposed expenditures which
can be eliminated during the war. Since
the war savings committees already are
organized and consist Of representative
men, they are considered the most
available for the work.
Advocates of the scheme point out
that without some such plan the Treas
ury viii be besieged by thousands Of
applications for approval of securities
issues, the merits of which 1T will be
difficult to judge at a distance. Local
committees would know at first hand
whether extensions of manufacturing
plants or other business enterprises
were important to the war or could be
easily postponed.
The verdict of city or county COM
mittecs might be appealed to a state
agency and TO the Federal Reserve
Board as last resort under the sug-
gested plan. The entire procedure
would be based on moral persuasion
and not on legal force.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Experienced and Practi-
cal Men, Non-Partisan,"
Needed, Says Telegram
incompetence ALLEGED
Sentiment Of People Demands
Change, Declares Richard
M. Hurd
star Co3YcsDondcucc1

:, "ASltINGTON, Jan 2O.-Tnc crca-
.Ion OF IA war cabinet composed of cx-
i'r'chccd and practical men, without
regard to political affiliations, wa;
urged upon President Wilson TODAY
III dlsratch from the American De-
renee Society, of which Colonel Roosc
V'iO IS honorary PRESIDENT
at the same time Richard M. Hurd.
cha'rmaN OF the board of trustees of
'h' society, III a vigorous public state
nleho c'nands drastic changes in the
personnel of the Cabinet.
nc request Tor the appointment Of
non-political and non-partisan war
eanlnet was expressed as follows:
no the Presidents: The American
noIence Society respectfully urges on
the President of the United States that
war cabinet of leading, experienced,
prac'lcal men, without regard to DO
lNNcal affiliations, be constructed
me confidence of the people has
been shaken by untoward events.
II the industries of the country be
GioofEanlzed. 1t will be increasingly
dliilcult FOR the land to respond to the
needs OF the war. The near approach
oi the next war loan is a matter which
deserves consideration in this con-
nection."
" Nit"iiE 90 III lllc OADl L.
Mr.. Hurd said:
"A Cabinet of well-meaning. mediocre
gentlemen, who can handle the routine
dut'es OF peace times, cannot in ali
harness be expected to administer the
enlarged departments which have to bc
created to carry on the war with Ger
many. Every warning nation in Europc
has seen the necessity of Strengthening
ITS Cabinet and America will be no cx,
cSeptlon. The time to begin is now.
President Wilson should invite the
strongest men in the country to sit in
his Cabinet and assist him in the con-
duct OF the war, regardless of party.
Many OF the mistakes and failures
have been due to Incompetence, if not
dlsloyalty, below the Cabinet, but a
stream cannot rise higher than it's
source, and the only effective way to
get competent subordinates is to have
competent heads. There are too many
boards; there is TOO much talking, too
little action. A coal man should be in
charge Of the coal problems, ralroa |
man in charge of the railroad prob
lens, a clothing man in charge of the
clothing problems. 1t is time for a
change y
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
lStaf Correspondence

WASHINGTON, Jan. 2O.-Thc heroic
work of the American naval gunners
aboard the steamship Armenia, which
was torpedocd but not sunk by Ger
man submarine in the war zone carly
in December, is detailed in report of
the commander Of the armed guard.
Chief Boatswains Mate Sticf Homiak,
U. S. N, made public tonight by Sec
letary Of the Navy Daniels.
The behavior of the armed guard is
commended highly. The men did no
talking, but stuck gamcly by the guns,
despite the fact that the torpedo from
the German U-boat penetrated directly
beneath the forward gun and knocked
three Of the gunners from the plat
form.
According to the report, the Armenia,
with convoy, was proceeding through
the war zone. Men Of the armed guard
we're at the guns and on watch when at
night a wireless message brought news
Of the torpcdoing of ship at another
place III the zone. The commander Of
the guard at once instructed his men
to keep still moro vigilant lookout, to
avoid the use of speaking tubes and to
call the bridge if a submarine was
sighted. Shortly after this the wire
less brought a cancellation Of the mes
sage. Continuing, the commander Of
the guard states:
"With my binoculars I picked up a
light on the port beam. I sang out to
the mate, but got no answer | called
g second time. Just as the words came
from my mouth l saw large stream
of water and rubbish shoot into the
ward. I imagined I saw one of our
gun platforms go up in the air. and I
got to thinking of the three men on
watch, who must have been blown into
the air with it. The first words + got
out of my mouth were: My God, she is
ht!'
"The captain of the ship came out of
the charthouse just at this time, and 7
made rush for the alarm bell, after
telling the mate to shut down the en-
gincs.
Ordered to Stick to Guns
"All the gun crews were told to
stick to their guns and look for n
second torpedo, and not wait for orders
to fire if anything came in sight. Run
ming down the port ladder | met one
of the officers Of the ship who ex-
cimed. why doesn't some one stop
the cngine?'
ut was my intention then TO go down
into the engine room myself when |
noticed spotlights blinking about the
decks and a scramble for the boats.
Only few we're excited; in fact. the
majority were very cool. | shouted to
keen the Snotliphts Off OF we would
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Boy Scouts Are Now
Messengers of War

WASHINGTON, Jan. 20.-The Boy
Scouts of America, at the solicitation
of President Wilson, have become gov
ernment dispatch bearers. Their duty
will be to distribute in every home in
America the wa: pamphlets prepared
by the Committee on Public 1nforma-
ton. Copies Of the Presidents s
memorable Flag Day address will be
the first given into their hands for
distribution.
The Boy Scouts, numbering nearly
100000, shouldercd their new burden
in response to the following letter
from President Wilson to Colin H..
Livingstone, president of the National
Council of the Boy Scouts:
"My Dear Mr.. Livingstone: | desire
to ntrust the Boy Scouts of America
with new and important commission,
to make them the government dispatch
bearers in carrying to the homes Of
their community the pamphlets on the
war, prepared by the Committee on
Public Information. The excellent ser
vices performed by the Boy Scouts in
the past encourage me to believe that
this new task will be cheerfully and
faithfully discharged.
"Yours sincerely,
"WOODROW WILSON,"
The pamphlets will be sent through
the mails to the individual Scouts and
in each package there will be a manual
for the guidance of these young gov
ernment messengers. Acting under the
local instructions of the scoutmasters
the dispatch bearers will deliver such
printed matter as may be issued from
time to time by the Committee on Pub
lie Information to citizens.
Each Scout dispatch bearer will have
access to franked postal cards. re-
tu.nable to the Committee on Public
information, by means of which any
citizen may order mailed to him any
of the various war pamphlets published
during the war.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-21
Marine Engineer Students
To Go First to Factory

BOSTON, Jan. 2O.-Chief engineers
training for service on cargo ships Of
the United States Shipping Board are
to be sent to factories to follow the
construction Of the engines from the
very beginning Until their actual in
stallation in the vessels to which the
men will be assigned.
The details of the plan are being
worked out by the Director of Recruit
ing of the Shipping Board. In this
way engineers will have thorough
knowledge of everything pertaining to
the machinery under their charge.