davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-08-25

moving bodies of troops or at tar
gets at comparatively short range.
The field or light artillery firing la
conducted on such an intensive scale
that they may be used as broadside
on the theory of the shotguns scat
tering .missiles-that is, there are so
many shells that some are bound to
hit anyway. provided the gun crews
are properly trained In their arduous
duties.
Heavy artillery. on the other hand.
Is fired by extremely accurate meth
ods SO aS to make every shot count.
Firing Is always at long range. and
conducted with mathematical precision.
1t consists of all guns over five-inch.
and howitzers and mortars over six
inch In caliber. The guns are long
and FIRE at long ranges with high muz-
zle velocities. while the howttzers are
shorter, lighter, fire with lower muzzle
velocities. and. usually. at higher ele-
vations than guns. Mortars fire at
very high elevations of their muzxles.
such that the lowest elevations 1t uses
gives the longest ranges.
Heavy guns may attain a range of
10000 meters, the projectile being in
the air well over a minute. Yet tar
gets for the long-range guns. the bat
terry commander of which cannot see
his target. are often even smaller than
Evening star., 1918-08-25

reproduced here. under the direction
Of Col. Ferguson. the exact replica of
wide sector of the western front.
The vastness of artillery organization
to meet the nations needs requires
wide field for operations. Here
they have all the room needed, and,
IL necessary, they can go up the river
several miles and fire down on the
island at ranges Of forty miles or
more.
Every form of target existing on
the western front has been provided
for the battle-ground. A large num-
ber OF farmhouses have been left in
tact in order that they may serve
as targets for registration work.
while complete battery emplacements
have been provided not only for the
use of the guns, but also for target
purposes. in order that practice may
be afforded in the destruction OF such
fortifications.
Is X
Battery commanders at Camp Eustis
will b. allowed only such information
as they could obtain under actual war
conditions that is, such as may be
furnished them by airplane and ball
loon observers and the like. Umpire
and analysis stations have been built
up and down the long ranges, as we'll
as the shorter firing ranges. Here
officers Will be stationed who will in
form the battery commanders after
Evening star., 1918-08-25

Tine mintary cOfnfnaHUer OI tuiS
coast artillery training center is Col.
Frank X. Ferguson, who was called
early in the war to take across and
command one of the first American
heavy artillery regiments sent to the
French front. He is also a West
Pointer. Following his tour Of duty
abroad. he was called back to this
country to take charge of the coast
defenses of the Chesapeake, the coast
artillery training schools, which in
clude the reserve officers training
camp, the officers post graduate work,
the heavy artillery school of fire at
school. the enlisted specialist school,
the heavy artillery radio and the
heavy artillery chauffeur schools.
Col. Ferguson is assisted by an eff
cient and experienced corps of COM
missioned officers, which includes
Lieut.. Col. Frank II. Sunderland, COM
mandant Of the various training
gar. commandant of the anti-aircraft.
chauffeur. enlisted specialist and
heavy artillery radio schools.
One OF the outstanding features of
the present war Is the increase in the
use Of heavy mobile artillery. The
ratio of both field and heavy artil-
1ery to the other arms of the service
is steadily increasing.
The history Of the war will show"
According to former chief of stan
Of the United States Army. that al
most without exception each great
conflict has resulted in the introduce
ti0n OF new and powerful weapons
And devices for offense and defense.
eutttal advantages of immense import
Evening star., 1918-08-25
|peeiai Correspondence Of The Star.

Upeeial Correspondence Of The Star.
CAMP EUSTIS. Va. August 23. 1918.
A MMUNITIoN dumps are being
~ blown up. railway stations
N and yards bombarded. enemy
batteries and cave shelters
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
NOTHING TO FARLEY OVER

There should be only one plank in
the peace platform, and that one I'M
conditional surrender.
After four years of suffering, sacri-
fee and preparation the allies have
the Hun by the throat as the Hun
has had Belgium and France since
1914. Why should they throw away
their advantage now and give the
butchers a chance to recuperate and
prepare for another struggle?
The grip should be frightened and
the beast whipped to standstill. 1t
will be cheaper, easier and more sat
isfactory now than next year, or ten
or twenty or forty years hence.
An armistice now would be q hollow
mockery. If the Hun can succeed in
having hostilities suspended for or
4 weeks, the winter will be on in
France, and the war must rest until
spring. Meantime the enemy would
gather strength for another supreme
effort that would cost the allies more
men and money, than to continue the
campaign now.
Let the answer be unconditional
surrender or an unprecedented whip
ping.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
TIE SOUTH IN THE SADDLE.

The North. the Middle West, and
| the West are taxed in man power
and money to defeat Germany neaf.y
ten fold TO the South's one.
Despite this. framing OF all war
llesislation is vested in Congressman
from the South.
While the North, Middle West, and
the West pay most of the bills and
supply most of the soldiers for Per-
shings victorious armies the provin.
cial Congressman from the solid
South" political entity that has
seized control of National affairs
purely because of its solidarity and
the length of service of its senator's
and representatives in Congress, con-
troll the drafting of all war legisla-
ton enacted by Congress.
Every important committee chair
manship in Congress is held by a
Southern democrat. OF 81 commit
tees IL have Southern democratic
chairmen The remaining 20 chair
manships are held by Northern DEM
ocrats, but none of these committees
is important and none of them have
anything to DO with the war program.
Of 22O House democrats 100 are from
the solid South"
1t is idle for the people of the
North, Middle West, and West to
send democratic Congressman to
Washington hoping that these Con-
gressmen will have voice in shap-
ing the destinies of the Republic.
Democratic members from these sec
tions of the country are ignored by
the Southern democratic congress
men unless they subscribe blindly to
the policies and commands of the
I Southern members, or are controlled
absolutely by the democratic caucus,
(which is controlled by the Southern
members.
The Southern democratic machine
IS running Congress and the country
and conducting the war, despite The
fact that it represents the smallest
section of the country in population,
wealth. and man power.
During the fiscal year 1917 the peO-
pie of the United States paid into the
Federal Treasury $3,671,91S,236 in
internal taxes. OF this sum the
Solid South" contributed $4S7 ,359,-
1873, or about 13 per cent of the total.
The entire country paid S2,821 $40.
sol income and excess profits taxes.
Of this sum the Solid South" con-
tributed $25S,S54,OO6, or about 8 per
cent.
Under such conditions of govern
ment will the people of the North,
Middle West, and West decide to elect
democratic Congressman in Novem-
Der to perpetuate the rule of the
Solid South?
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
BUY HOMEGROWN STUFF.

One of the most important of all
military necessities is transportation
in all forms. Every inch of space in
cars and ships has a direct military
Significance. Our success on the
battle front from now on depends
very largely upon the number OF men
we can put in the trenches. The
number of men possible to put in the
trenches depends entirely upon our
ability TO feed and maintain them af'
ter they are there.
Statisticians tell us that for every
man in France we must set aside
continuously for his maintenance and
euipment as a fighter, shipping facili-
tiles amounting TO two tons until the
war is over. 1t is easy to translate
these figures into millions, and it is
apparent at glance what this tire,
mendous task means TO the rail
roads.
1t is the duty of every housewife
! TO bear these facts in mind at all
times. These are days when every
non essential must be cut off and ev-
cry purchase made with a direct
thought as to it's significance on the
battle front Am | helping or hin
ideTing the war;" must be continu-
Ously in our minds.
II should be a matter of pride to
the American women to maintain
their households as nearly as posi-
BILE upon food purchased in the sur
rounding communities. This not
only conserves our precious trans
pOrtation facilities, but also teJ3is
to conserve food because it promotes
more complete utilization of food.
stuffs produced.
Warfare today is a scientific bat.
tile. It is not being fought altOgeth-
cr on the Western Front but in the
stores, in the kitchens, in the facto-
ries. on the farms and in the hearts
of our people. Get the war con.
sciousness. Everything you do
helps your Government or helps the
enemy. Analyze your actions and
see' which you are doing.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
ACRE YIELD OF POTATOES.

The yield of potatoes per acre is
gradually increasing in this country,
as shown by the records of the Bur.
eau of Crop estimates of the United
States Department CT Agriculture,
During 1S66-1S74 the average annual
yield per acre was.91 bushels, but the
average markedly declined TO 71.3
bushels in 1SS5-1S94. Perceptible re,
covery was made in the following ten
year period and a much larger re,
cOvery, rising to new high-watrr
mark, was reached in 1905-1914, with
its average yield of 81 bushels per
acre.
In 20 years the productivity of the
average potato acre increased Sc per
cent. This increase is due to various
causes, among which are greater
specialization of production, more in,
tensive treatment, and higher fertility
of the soil. The ten-year average
yield of 81 bushels per acre in 1876 j.
1914 was followed by 96.3 bushels in
1915, sos bushels in the very low
year 1916, and zoos bushels in 1877.
Compared with population, the yield
of potatoes per acre declined from
1S66-1S74 to 1905-1914. The gain of
production per capita in recent years
has been more because of increased
acreage than because of increased
production per acre.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
CHICAGO LIVE STOCK

u. S. Yards, ILL.,, Oct. 9, ii a. m.
HOGS-Butcher hogs, heavy, $3.50
@1S.75; medium and light, $lS.4O0
1880; packing hogs, heavy, s17.6O@
1880: medium and mixed, $17.75@
1925; light hogs (bacon, light, mixed
etc., $18.OO@1S!5U;' pigs, good and
choice, $16.OO@TOO; roughs, $500
1850. "' ~.
CATTLE-Beef cattle, good, choice
and prime, s15.OO@196O; common
and medium, $9.75@15.00; butcher
stock, heifers, $7.35@1S.75; cows,
$7.6061325; bulls, bologna and beef,
$S.O0@1325; Gamers and cutters,
$6.65@76O; stockers and feeders,
good, choice and fancy selected,
$1O.75@13.75; inferior, common and
medium, $7.75@1O75; veal calves,
good to choice, $17.50@1S.00; west
ern range cattle, medium, good and
choice, $1375@17.75; cows and heif-
ers, medium, good and choice, $3.50
1900
SHEEP-Lambs, choice and prime
65@S2 pounds. $16.00@16.S0; medium
and good 65@1O0 pounds, $13.75@
$500; culls, $S.OO@12.50; medium
and choice feeders, $13.00@14.50;
yearlings. choice an1 prime 5000
pounds, $12.25@1275; medium and
good 1920 pounds. $11.25@12.25;
wethers, medium, good and choice,
$1025@11.50; ewes, choice and prime
| $10.25@1060; medium and good,
$9.O001O.25; culls, $3.5O@7.00; breed
ing ewes, good and choice yearlings,
$1100@17.25.
Official receipts yesterday-Hogs
1881; cattle, 1864; sheep, 46,4S4.
Official shipments yesterday-Hogs
1872; cattle, 4,671: sheep, 1858.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
BAN ON MARRIED WOMEN

Why married women are barred
from the Student Nurse Reserve has
been answered by Miss Anne Good,
rich, head of the Army School OF
Nursing. The reason is that their tine
and thoughts must be devoted en-
tirely to their work
American army nurses must be
ready for the call of their country tC
service just as soldiers are" said
Miss Goodrich. Their time and
thoughts must be devoted entirely to
their work, and when the day comes
for them to be sent abroad we must
be able to send them without having
to make any establishments. That is
the reason only unmarried women are
eligible for the Student Nurse Re
serve.
Married women are admitted to the
ranks of the hospital aides. Their scr.
vice Is only for this country, and IL
anything should happen that their
husbands are sent home ii would not
disarrange the service too greatly TO
relieve them.
In a. nurses training there is more
to be considered than in the training
for any other profession. In nursing,
the laboratory is the hospital ward.
The materials that the nurses work
with are the suffering patients. The
mistake of nurse in training means
more than just her failure. II means
harm to the patient who is in her
care.
The home service is fully as desir-
able as the front. No sacrifice can
be too great to furnish care and at.
Lention for the wounded heroes who
IRE arriving home daily. The married |
women nurses will furnish force
which viii be hard to fill without |
heir aid at home.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
THE GONG-WINOED
CONTRIBUTOR

Not long ago party left a LONG
article ,--almost devoid of news feat
ures,-at this Office for publication
Peeved because it did not appear in
the next days paper he called for it,
and said he would give it to another
publication. No tears were shed,
but we really had TO smile when
about three weeks later the article
came 10 light in another paper.
We are not saying these things to
suggest the slowness of our competi.
tors. but simply to show that in these
crushing war days, of smashing news
and shortage of help, the long.winded
contributor ought to take a tumble
TO himself and boil it down or ac-
quire little patience. ....
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
MYSTERIOUS THEFT
BOOZE TAKEN FROM FREIGHT
CAR IN LOCAL YARDS.

Some time last week a car on the
NJ. & ST. l.. tracks in Oskaloosa was
opened in transit through the city and
7 quantity of whiskey in interstate
shipment, from ST. Louis to Mime
lpOlis, was stolen.
The case is of a battling character
and is linked up with considerable
mystery. How could the perpetra,
tors know that the car contained
whiskey?
No other cars were touched and
other goods in the car entered were
not disturbed. ....
Appearance of things on the streets
early Sunday morning might indicate
that some of the liquor might have
found its way into local channels, but
1t is surmiscd by the police that the
goods are being preserved for pri-
vate consumption.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
Is THIS PRoEITEERlNe2

TIE Chicago Tribune makes the
direct charge that a rival Chicago pa
per sent out misleading kilograms tc
small cities near Chicago Saturday
night. giving perverted and exag
gerated account OF the German peace
propaganda
1t is significant that several of the
big misleading grapevine news stor-
les have been circulated on Saturday
night. Sunday papers sell for ten
cents. now, and business is inclined
10 be slow.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
HIS TURN NEXT.

Old Kaiser Bill, with princely pomp,
Crates in words grandiloquent,
That Prussian force is soon to swamp
The fragments of the tired entente.
In times of stress, with bogus pride,
Past victories he loves to pad,
And then he hurries home to hide,
And practice saying 'Kamerad."
He tells the toilers of Essen
That Cod is on the side of Krupp
Eut they must slay million men,
To keep their holy prestige UP.
More guns" he cries, more Gas,
moro shells.
If we would make Jehovah glad
And then he seeks the place he
dwells,
TO Try his voice on "Kamerad."
He rallies all his bandit hordes,
From Egypt to the Finn domain.
Commanding them to WELD theil
swords,
Till every living foe is slain.
Apply the torch TO spire and dome
Let every field be chaos-clad,
And then he locks his doors at home
And tries again his "kamerad."
Instinctivcly, in troubled reams,
Bombastic Bill must read his fate
Must smell the fire and hear the
scheams,
And feel the grip of worldwide hate
He scans the long, long row of graves
! From Palestine to Petrograd,
Then turns to where Old Glor!
waves,
And hoarsely bellows "Kamerad."
NAL Rose, Oskaloosa, la.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10

most serious of these arises from the
large amount of soft coal which is
being stored in the easements OF
dwellings, apartment houses and mer-
camille buildings and on the premises
of factories. Spontaneous combustion
in this is likely to start fires, and
great care should be shown in the
selection of coal and in its storage
and use.
A great many householders are
forced to use soft coal in hard coal
stoves and furnaces, requiring careful
treatment. The large amount OF SCOT
deposited by soft coal is apt to clog
the smoke pipes and Chimneys and
cause forcing of the furnaces, while
the fumes and gases from soft coal
will have a deteriorating effect upon
the mortar in chimneys and thus lead
to defective flue' fires.
A number of householders are in
vestigating the possibility of using
fuel oil and kerosene burners in thell
| furnaces, because of the difficulty III
securing hard coal and their unwlli
| ingness to use soft coal because OF tht
dirt and SCOT. This also will introduce
serious fire hazards, because OF th'
storage of oil on the premises, an'
| the danger OF feed pipes bursting ant
starting fires. No such appliance
should be considered without ascer
| tanning whether it complies with thu
underwriters requirements.
Fire hazards which endanger tn
homes should be watched with specia
care, as the mothers and children rul
| the greatest risk. All heating appr
ances should be installed and opera'
ed with constant attention to the un
usual risks due to the changes IN tuei
as well as to their ordinary dangers
| President Wilson says, "Preventapi
fires are public direliction," but
| preventable fire in mans home en-
| dangering the lives of his family
should be regarded as crime unde
war time conditions.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
Corn Market Unsettled,

Chicago, Oct. efforts on the
part of Iowa shippers to place new
corn to arrive are meeting with poor
success. With the markets so unset.
lied, there is little disposition to con-
tract for the new crop at this time,
although there were offers yesterday
of new No. 3 yellow from Iowa for
shipment by Dec. /. Saturday an
Iowa industry bid $119s for No. 3 vel.
low, shipment by Nov. Is. but no bust
ness was put through as far as known
Minneapolis bought some yellow corn
several weeks ago around $3.50
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
TodaY's Markets.

Chicago Union Stock Yards, Oct. 8.
"A supply of 10000 fresh arrivals
and S,208 over from yesterday was
not as many by several thousand as
was expected and while buyers forced
slow market demand was strong
enough to hold prices to full steady
to a shade higher than yesterdays av-
erage.
The bulk today sold at $17.80@
1875. against $177501SSO yesterday;
$1S256196O last Wednesday; $19.15
@20.65 four weeks ago; $18.0041S.25
corresponding Wednesday in 1917.
The Top paid today was $3.50: yes
terday $18.S5; last Wednesday $685.;
four weeks ago SPOTS; one year ago
1885.
Cattle receipts at $4,000 this morn
ing were about as estimated. Market
inclined to slowncss and dullness.
Price tendency lower on all steers
selling below $500. Best native
and westerns holding steady. Butcher
stock weak. Gamers steady. Calves
25 cents lower.
Receipts of sheep and lambs at 49,
900 were half more than expected.
Prices on good and choice fat sheep
and yearlings held firm. Common
grades were hard to sell and were in
clined downward. The general quail
:ty averaged poor.
The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1918-10-10
THANKED GOD FOR YANKs.

Over 5000 people crowded into
Convention Hall in Kansas City, and
cheered to the echo Judge Ben B.
Lindsey's graphic account of how the
Yank marines and infantrymen STEP
ped into the gaps in the Allied lines
at Chateau Thierry and helped win
what he characterized as one of the
most important battles in the history
of the world. The Denver jurist,
who recently returned from the Euro.
pean war zone, occupied the inter
mission period in the big hall, where
Americas Answer is being shown.
Joan of Arc dreamed her dream,
and it came true" Judge Lindsey told
the crowd. land in the dark days of
France following 1914, the people of
that country also had a vision. They
dreamed of a valiant army from a
foreign land that was to come and
| save them. | had it from the lips
| of old men and women living in the
VERY little village where the famed
heroine Of Orleans grew up from
childhood.
After this country's entrance into
the war hope that the latter day Wis
ion would materialize increased, and
they lived TO see the day when 1t
came true. AS column, after column
'of brave American boys marched
through the streets of those villages
on their way to face the onrushing
foe, those old men and women went
down upon their knees and fervently
Aanked their God that strong and
stalwart friendly country had come
10 their rescue in the nick of time.
And who maze the timely arrival
Of the American forces in France
possible? It was yourselves, my
good people, you who have sacrificed
and lent your money to your country
by purchasing Liberty Bonds. Would
that | were gifted with eloquence OF
the descriptive sort that would paint
in your minds the pictures of sacrifice
which ! Witnessed during my six
months on and near the firing line.
Suffice 10 say. those of you who are
denied sight of what is going on
over there, have not the slightest
Of the meaning of the
word sacrifice"
Judge Lindsey told OF his visits to /
hospitals for wounded, described |
how. at Chateau Thierry. where he
Witnessed the battle, the German
lead formed bridge across rayine
over which victorious Allied soldiers
passed In their eagerness TO get at
he Huns.
The speaker warned against over
pointing out many bat
les. relatively as important al that
inc as the recent one at Chateau
were won by the French In