davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1918-10-24
MUST KEEP ON
SAVING FOOD
If America is to Continue Feed
ing Allies Strict Conserva-
ton Must be Observed

A steady pressure in all directions
saving food all along the line. This
in brief, is the food conservation pro
gram for the second year of this coun
trys participation in the war.
"The most careful and thrifty con
servation, the elimination of every
type of waste are the principles which
the food administration is asking tx
be observed" declared Charles Heb.
berd, food administrator for Washing.
ton.
/ " A year, ago the American people
were asked to reduce all unnecessary
consumption and waste. The food adj
mihistration preached the gospel OF
the clean plate. That is the, gospel
we want to get into every household
this year; and if we can get this over
it will have a better total effect than
anyeother$ plan Of substitutions to fill
specific program.
"Mr. Hoover believes the American
housewife has got to the point of edu-
cation on food questions that will en-
able the food administration to tell
her to use her own Judgment and get
along with as little as she has to. He
believes she will show more pride and
more national service in it if she< is
given a general job than if everything
were laid out to her, step by step.
THE food administration is not let
ting down in the food program. Some
seem to have this impression. It. is
asking more than it has asked before.
1t is easy enough for people to keep
a meatless day or a wheatless day;
it is not easy for them to reduce their
consumption of wheat and meat. And
the Food Administration is asking for
the difficult service and not the easy
one.
1--WE cannot ship 17,500,0O0 tons of
1000 out OF the country and not con-
tinue to conserve food. We cannot in
crease our last years food exports to
the allies by 500 and not continue to
shut down our consumption.
There are vitality essential foods
and less essential now, just as there
are essential industries and less es-
sential. Staples meat, wheat, fats
snd sugar are essential. Fresh vege-
tables, perishables of many kinds, UNI
shippable foods, are--in a military
sense-the less essential. 1t is the
staples that must be saved; consump-
ton of them must be cut down this
year."
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1918-10-24

|, Mr.. and Mrs. J. S. Kelso recently
received card from their SON Ray
mond, who had been in training at
Camp Eustace, Va, that he had ar
rived safely overseas and is now
ftsomswhere in France
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1918-10-24

WYE want fill this page with good newsy items every
w week. You can help When you know an item of
local interest tell us about personally by phone
Wen appreciate it. The phone number One Double0ne
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24

one hundred yards at a distance
Of two and three-quarter miles.
Thus he is able instantly to
measure the distance from the tar
get Of the exploding shell. The d.
rection from the target IL con-
veniently recorded In terms Of the
figures on the face Of clock. The
shell has perhaps fallen somewhat
short and to the right say three
fifths Of an inch away, as the OBJ
server sees 1t. At once he radios:
Three hundred yards toward four
o'clock" or some shorthand equiva-
lent, and the gunner knows how
to correct his aim.
When the airman 10 required to
take q direct hand in the de-
structive game by dropping bombs,
his task might seem q very simple
one. Bombs will obviously reach
the earth from whatever height
they are dropped; and the higher
the altitude, the greater the force
Of impact. So what more Ii neces-
sary than for the airman to soar
out of range Of enemy anti-aircraft
guns, get directly above the OBJ
ject he wishes to destroy, and
touch the button that liberstes the
missile?
Unfortunately or fortunately
according to whether you are view
ing the matter from your owD
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24

standpoint or that Of the enemy
q great deal more is necessary.
Were the airman to essay his
bomb-dropping expedition on such
q basis, no place could be safer
than the munitions factory, am
munition dump, or fortiAeatien
that he intends to demolish. Moth
ing 10 ever hit by q bomb dropped
from an airplane directly above L.
The only way an airman at any
considerable height can hit Q given
object Is by dropping his bomb
while the object Is still far ahead
Of him.
The force Of gravitation, which
opposes the gunner, aids the bomb
dropper. After the cannonball has
reached its full height, however, its
status Is exactly that Of the bomb.
Just released from an airplane;
both missiles proceed to their ulti.
mate destination In q parabolic
curve modified somewhat by air re-
sistance:
The gunner determines the YER
tical line of flight Of his missile by
aiming his cannon. The airman
must aim the airplane itself. He
must sight the object he intends
to bomb-away OF ahead and far
below-and move directly toward
1t. To accomplish this, he must
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24
-0sT s.ss~rsI = 49, a<ss&s.z - ;.

the earth in a given time from a
given height, to make it clear that
the bomb must be released at such
a point that the number Of seconds
required for its fall Is the num-
Der that the airplane win require
to bring 1t directly above the OBJ
ject to be bombed. Both these
factors are readily calculable when
the height and speed Of the air.
plane are known.
Suppose, for example, that the
airplane is two miles high and
travelling at rate Of one hundred
and twenty miles an hour. A body
dropped from this height viii re-
Quire q little more than thirty-fiYe
seconds to come to earth. In
thirty-five seconds an airplane GO
ing one hundred and twenty miles
an hour covers about one aad one
sixth miles. Therefore the bomb
must be released when the target
is one and one-sixth miles ahead.
Here, then, we have another simple
problem In geometry, dealing with
q triangle Of which the vertical
1.-THE height Of the airplane) Is two
miles and the horizontal (earth
Incl one and one-sixth miles, from
which 1t may readily be calculated
that the angle where the hypothe-
muse cuts the vertical lat the point
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24

have an apparatus equivalent to
the sights Of the cannon, and the
object must lie directly in the line
Of his sights when the bomb Is re-
leased II the shot is to be effective.
Granted. however, that the air
man has sighted perfectly and that
bis airplane Il moving precisely in
the right direction, how is he to
know when to release the bomb 30
mat II win be pulled by gravitation
along lust the right course, ulti-
mately to Ind its markf
This, obviously, IL Z puzzle. Yet
It IL q puzzle comparatively easy Of
solution, provided the airplane Ia
moving on an even keel at known
altitude and at known speed. The
airman II then called upon 10 deal
with 9 simple problem In triangu-
lation, IN which, a. In the case of
the "spotter" above referred to, the
implements required are essentially
q hxsd vertical bar and q pivoting
crossbar that may be aimed at the
object to be bombed.
II Is only necessary to recall that
the bomb, once It 10 released, viii
60 forward ct the same rate OF
speed as the airplane with
slight allowance for air resist
ANGEL; and, secondly. to recall that
grayitation win bring the bomb to
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24
In the Science of
the Month"; Department
of December Hearts,
Magazine Tells How
Explosives Plus Higher
Mathematics Equals
Destruction from the Air
By Henry Smith Williams, DID,, LID.

gree of accuracy how far away he
is from the object he is Watching.
An experienced observer can, Of
course, learn to make helpful
guesses with the unaided eye, but
apparent distance ID SO much
modified by atmospheric conditions
that instrumental aids are essen
tial. The instruments needed are,
however, few and extremely
simple. The sirplane is. of course,
provided with an altimeter, which
registers the altitude as gagged by
varying air pressure. On a given
occasion, the observer notes, let Us
say, that he is at q height Of two
miles. II the machine Is flying
on an even keel, the target under
observation-which perhaps is an
enemy battery-will obviously lie
at q downward angle. .
An instrument as simple as two
cross sticks, one attached YER
tically to the airplane, the other
pivoted,. enables the observed to
measure this angle.
eHe finds, let us suppose, that 1t
is an angle of forty-five degrees
from the vertical. His line Of
sight then, represents the hypoth-
enuse of a triangle the vertical
side Of which represented by his
altitude) is two miles, and the hori-
zontal side (along the ground) Is
also two miles. It is elementary
Euclid that the square Of the
hypothenuse equals the sum of the
square Of the other two sides; so
q very simple computation will
show that the line Of sight in the
present instance Is about two and
three-quarter miles.
As q matter Of course, the OBJ
server will not be required to make
this computation; It will be read
from the index Of his instrument.
He viii know also that each fifth
Of an inch marked on the little
threadlike scale that Is about a
foot in front Of his eye, and Is pro-
jected so as to seem to lie against
the target, represents q stretch Of
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24

IF wise old King Solomon were to
come back to earth and pay a
visit to western Europe, what
he saw there would probably impel
him to disavow one at least of his
justly celebrated apothegms. For
up there under the Sn, sailing
along on magic wings, he would OBJ
serve q mechanism which candor
would impel him to admit as some
thing new" He might contend
with some show Of reason that can
non are only modified catapults. and
that tanks are modified war char.
lots: but for the sirplane he could
name no mGn-made prototype. II
is thing Of Q new order.
The general activities of obserV-
ing and bomb-dropping planes are
well understood; but wish to call
attention to some scientific aspects
of the feats accomplished BY the
operators of these machines; and
In so doing to point out certain
limitations on their efficiency that
are imposed by the conditions un-
der which they necessarily operate.
In particular ! wish to note some
Of the difficulties that are met In
developing the altogether new de-
partment Of ballistics known as
bomb dropping"
First, however, q few words
about the type Of observation
known as "spotting"-that IL to say,
watching the fall Of shells from g
battery and reporting by wireless
Just how far they miss the intended
target. AS the observer is per-
haps two miles in the air, watch
ing a Target possibly two or three
times as distant, it is obvious that
a good deal Of judgment Is required
in accurately estimating the dis
lance of the exploding she'll from
the target.
It will be obvious that In order
to make this estimate anything
more than a wild guess, the OBJ
server must know with a fair de-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24

Of which the Observers eye rests)
is an angle Of about thirty degrees.
Nothing is practically required but
to fix the pivotal bar at this ang.c.
and sight along 1t as the ai5pfane
moves forward until the sligo:
touches the target. At that instant,
touch the button releasing the
bomb-and let gravitation do the
rest.
In the first second after II Is re-
leased the bomb will move for
ward about one hundred and sew
enty-six feet. while falling only
sixteen feet; by the tenth second
its downward fight viii about
equal its forward fight; By the
twenty-second second. It VIII tc
falling twice as fast a. II moves
forward; and In the thirty-ffth
second. Just before II strikes Tire
ground, It win shoot downward
about i've hundred and forty feet.
whereas the original forward move
ment Of one hundred and seventy.
SIX feet viii be somewhat RETARDED
by the atmosphere; so that the
final impact Of the bomb viii be
almost vertical
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24

You can read this article In fslI
In December Hsarst,s Magazine.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24
YOUR skin is CHANGING
every day
T0@ to make I-aC atfaotpe
ar you HaozLI6 ETe Hh1peA

Your skin, ike the rest Of your body, is con-
tinually changing Every day, as old skin dies,
Hrt0 forms in It's place. This is your opportunity
to make this new skin as clear, radiant and fresh
looking as you have always wanted it.
See what the following treatment will do for
your skin.
Lather your wash cloth well with warm water
and Woodbury's Facial Soap. Apply it to your
face and distribute the lather thoroughly. Now
with the tips of your fingers work this cleansing,
antisepdc lather into your skin, always with an
upward and outward motion. Rinse first with
warm water, then with cold-the colder the bet
ter. Finish by rubbing your face for thirty sec
onds with piece ice. Always be careful to dry
fhs skin thoroughly.
This treatment cleanses the skin and brings
the blood to the surface, stimulating the small
muscular hbres. Use it persistentIy, once week,
and before long your skin will begin to take on
that greater LONELINESS which the daily use of
Woodbury. always brings. The Ssaer six night.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24

be sure to keep your skin thoroughly cleansed
with Woodbury's Facial Soap.
Begin nov-hGpe the charm
of0 lovely skin
Get your first cake of Woodbury's today. Begin
now to overcome whatever condition is keeping
your skin from being as lovely as it should be.
Blackheads, conspicuous pores, oily skin and
shiny nose, bemishes, a sluggish, saow skin-treat-
for these and others of the commoner skin troubles
are given in the booklet "a Skin You Love Touch
which comes wrapped around the soap.
You will find Csc cake sufficient for a month or
six weeks of any Woodbury. and for general
cleansing use during this time.
Get cake today 1t is on sale at all drug stores and
toilet goods counters throughout the United States and
Canada. The Andrew JeTgens Company. Cincinnati,
New York and Perth, Ontario.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-11-24
Begin now-hGpe the charm
0fa LOpeH skin

cODyFiEhts IsIs. BY stas Company.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
Total American Casualties In
 War So Far Amount to 73I5
CASUALTY LIST
 OF MARINE CORPS

Washington, June 9.--A marine corp, casualty list today contains the names of two enlisted men who died from wounds received in action and of 1e others who were wounded in action The list follows:
 Died of wounds: Privates Gabe Mans field. Poplar Bluf Mo; James Rutlev Patient, Rock Island, HI.
 Wounded severely: Gunnery Sergeant Leo Louis Liptac. Streator. H.; Corporal Edward Benjamin Bowman, Bethalto, Ill.,; 2rivates Christen Bertesen Yensen, Copenhagen. Denmark; Frying Happy Congo, Rochester, N. F.; William Joseba Mccarthy, Watervliet. N. r.; Ralph os, car Sampson, Shardon, O.: Stanley Yin cent Przybylski. Chicago: David Whea- ton Hall, Milwaukee; John Preston Jass. St. Louis; Florian Louis Frillman, St. Louis.
 Gunncry Sergeant Fillmore Butler of the Fifth regiment of Marines previously reported missing in action is re- ported by the International Red Cross as prisoner in Germany.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
START BIG DRIVE IN P[CARDY OF GAS SHELLS OPENS ATTACK
Checked by French on TWenty- Mile Front After Gaining About TWo and HdF Mlles-Heduy Fighting Marks Latest
 ONensipe ToWdrd Paris

Paris June 9In thrust directed NOyon the Germans a2Omi front depth of about half according to the office gs.ssssnght.
 The fighting heav offered to the multiplied efforts finally check ing the advance ont two wings
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
HEAVY GAS COMMANDMENT

French Army Headquarters, June 9. tVia Ottawa, )-The German offensive which opened this morning on 20- mile front was preceded by a heav, gas shell bombardment. The enemy's gains have as yet been confined to ous advanced zone. which was within the rabse cf destructive fire from hls minenwerfers
 The princlpai fine of resistance is un- touched. according to the latest re- ports.
 The enemy probably intends to turn to the right between the Matz and the Disc by an advance between the Matz and Noyon. with the object of obtain ing a clear way toward Paris with the Oase protecting his right in conjunction
 tContinued Page Two)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
|ZEEBRUGGE HARBOR
 NOW BOTTLED UP
Sitting Is Rapidly Completing the Work Done by Sinking Vessel at the Mouth

London, June 9.-The plight of the Ger mans at the Belgian submarine base oi ZeebrugEe. in consequence of the meas ures taken py the British navy to block ade sne port. is even more serious than has Leon believed heretofore. Photo graphs Just taken from airplanes show that the entrance to the harbor is rap ldly sitting up, and that accordingly the British effort to close the channel is being reinforced by nature.
 The sInken vessel inside the break water which was at first believed to be an enemy destroyer now appears to be large dredger. The loss of this ship evidently has crippled the Germans in their efforts to clear the channel.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
Summary of the News
GENERAL NEWS

GENERAL NEWS f--Germans start big offensive around NOyon.
 Long casualty lists given out in Washington. Foch says only an offensive army can win. American steamer sunk by U-b0nt. Germans claim heavy losses to Americans. @Hindenburg stiu has large forces In north. .-Demand nonessentiaIx as scarcity increases. 10-ConEr~ss still hopes for short sum- mer recess.
 LOCAL NEWS 5-kammeyer to he interned today. Gibson sends ringing message. German females must register. Birmingham boy writes from France.
 FEATURES 4-EditorinI comment. 6-Industrin1 news. S-Sports. 9-Market reviews
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
Attack on Smaller Scale

Paris June 9The official announcement today that other phase of the German offensive opened this ing between Montdder and Noyon interpreted by the public as having hopeful aspect The point made that the latest attack front of only 15 to IS miles, pared with front of 50 miles for the first offensive this on March 2 and of 25 miles for the attack along Asne May 27. This regarded indication dminution of the power of the attacking masses.
 The attack it is added, has been surprise, it made just where anticipated and where therefore
 ons had been made resist to the best advantage The use in the official communication of the towering zone taken to show that the gained no advantage in the first positions although the attacking sd other gases invariably upon making gains in the covering zone. - ~
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
GANG 0F S[ACKERS IN SAND MOUNTAIN Arnold Henkel May Be With Those Now in Hiding
 Near ScOttsbOro

Scottsboro, June 9-A gang of slackers and deserters, who are said to have organized band to resist capture, are hiding in the fastnesses of Sand Noun tain, near here. and officers are pre- pairing to swoop down upon their lair The men are armed with rifles and re- volvers and are expected to give battle
 Arnold Henxei. the desperate German prisoners who escaped from interment camp at Fort Oglethorpe some weeks ago, was last seen in the Sand Noun tain section. and it is thought probable that he is among the gang now in hiding.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10

ground, taking 60 prisoners.
 So1.n of the Ourcq the French i'm proved their positions east of Chezy The Germans, who succeeded at 10 o'clock last night in penetrating the French lines near Vinly, were thrown out completely by French counter attack. At the same hour We captured Eloup wood and this morning the wood directly south of Bussiarcs. In these operations we took zoo prisoners. including five officers
 West of Rheims. after a spirited bom- oardment, the Germans attacked in the region ( Vrigny. They suffered serious osses without obtaining and results.
 On the remainder of the front there is nothing to report
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
Totals Will Be Given Out in Future Reports. Prisoners Are Notably
 Few

Washington, June 9.-Cas- ualties among the American expeditionary forces thus far reported by General Pershing, including today's list, total 1915, the war department an nounced today in making pub lie the first of regular weekly summaries of casualties.
 Deaths in action, and from wounds, diseases, accidents and all other causes number 1927, while 4046 men have been wounded and PAP are miss ig in action, including men held pris- oner in Germany.
 The departments recapituIatfon fol- lowss
 Killed in action dncluding 201 at seal. 1O33.
 Died of wounds. sfO.
 Died of disease, 1102.
 Died of accidents and other causes, aa2.
 Wounded in action. 4O46.
 Missing in action dnciudinE prts- onerr). 342-
 Total. 1915.
 While no official explanation was given for the decision of the depart ment to advise the country weekly of the exact total of casualties since the landing of the first American forces in France last June. 1t is understood that it resulted largely from widesI read reports that casualties had been very heavy and that total figures were be- ing withheld from the public.
 It has been explained at the depart
 (Continued on Page ThreeD
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
American SfeamerPinar Del Rio Sunk by U-Boat

Washington June 9.-The American steamer Pinar Del Rio sunk by German submarine 70 miles off the coast of Maryland yesterday morning One of her boats with the captain and IT members of the is missing another with 16 men has landed the Virginia coast
 brief dispatch to the department tonight announcing the sinking did say whether the ship sheled pedoed Hope held that the missing boat either picked by passing vessel will point along the coast.
 Until tonight the raiders had been reported showing themselves since the Norwegian Vnand the Virginia capes last Wednesday evening at o'clock
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10

The announcement follows
 The Germans began at midnight q violent preparatory artillery fire from the region north of Montdidier as far as to the cast Of the Disc. The French bat teries immediately intensified their fire in counter preparation
 At 4:30 o'clock the German infantry made an attack on the French positions between Montdidier and Noyon. Our troops are resisting with magnificent valor in the covering zone. The battle is continuing.
 Between the Disc and the Aisne the French this morning carried out local operation east of Hautebraye and gaine
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-10
French Ready As Big
 Attack Is Launched in Montdidier-NoyonZon

Paris, June 9The Germans began attack in force 43o o'clock this morning the recent fighting the region between Montdder Noyon ficiai statement of this afternoon the French magnificent vaor in the covering battle is continuing
 between the Disc and the Marne and south of Ourcq French made gains capturing woods driving Who had penetrated their lines and taking prisoners German attack west of Rheims failed