davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09
ARE GUESTS OF
MR. AND MRS. IAZ IACORY.

Mr.. and Mrs. Herman Berlin mo-
tored here from Montgomery 70 spend
sometim as the guests of their par
ents, Mr. and Mrs. Lac Jacoby, at theIi
home on North Palafox street.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09
MRS. CHALkER
RETURNED FROM SALEM.

Mrs. +. w. Chalker and two children
have returned to their home, 913 North
Palafox street, after a delightful visit
with relatives and friends in Salem,
Ala.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09
LEFT YESTERDAY FOR
TATE SPRINGS. TENN.

DR.. and Mrs. r. Waggener and Miss
Alice Waggener. left yesterday at noon
for Tate Springs, Tenn, where they
will enjoy spending several weeks.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09
BLUE RIBBON TALKS

To appreciate the delicious flavor of
Blue Ribbon Vanilla You must use it
in your desserts. Next time try Blue
Ribbon Vanilla
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09
WOMAN SAVED
MUCH SUFFERING
Bytaking Friends Adviceand
Lydia E. Pinkham's Veg
etable Compound.

West Plains, Mo. -"I was all run
down in health, had indigestion and ter
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09
Remains of John
MILFORD at Rest

Remains of the late John Milford
were yesterday conveyed to the Onion
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09

since won the hearts of the American
public as actress and movie-star has
chosen from those millions of hearts
just one to keep for all her own. II
used to belong to First lieutenant II.
Pasmerson Williams, ordnance depart
ment, United States army.
The engagement of Miss Clark te
Lieutenant Williams is the culmina-
ton of long friendship. begun wher
Lieutenant Williams was at Law
renceville Academy preparing fol
Yale. The friendship was renewed
last spring when Miss Clark toured the
south and west in the Liberty loan
campaign, and reaching New Orleans,
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-08-09

found in Lieutenant Williams an old
friend, a generous bond-buyer and an
ardent wooer.
Miss Clark was born in Cincinnati.
o., and. went to New York to study
music. Her charming voice and petite
and lovely person soon won her place
in musical comedy in which she starred
with DeWolfe Hopper.
Lieutenant Williams and his fiancee,
with the soldiers parents, are now in
Washington, where the engagement
has just been announced Lieutenant
Williams is assigned to the ordnance
department but is expecting to be as
signed to overseas service in which
case the wedding will be an event OF
the near future.
Marble Hill press., 1918-10-31

ifs = vtrat sH1 ,hfHei clFn To
a9fa-f ffsfI1E is 3.Hs ~ urrhss.' IN.
sr-yfH-s vhs ore nat r.f rai - 'ss
lrfaffu~-' hl' uT~ufr s.fNvr iais,
lsHfslUy frru s,ss collected 90 'hsiT
s,f,.rss 90 HHr re.1s,,si o. c1HH.Fr.
RAJ 90 sfsfs lrsf-rtiga tfTaf,~sr't
T's ~. - iir .Hst tars b. st= 4
uf by rTrsEatH'Itos = tie fFan
farsDia.n tiuslHn = fhs tgrsaa 2
raftsts vtith 4lsa rtla'aiaf Trf
,asff,ftafs tHf tsffrs A. r. = p
sPfssls uhrusvsr gfsiss s..f sHei ~
,asIsetaTs ou 'rfsfHfa'e So gseff's arc
qusftiessi hy rr,7us's - arais-s Al
ItH rrrarlfaff# q sfsgfs ftsf easrt
sra shsIisl cs-n isstrsfs.i - uasafs.i
Inspectors utl ~ srtf.i 81 s~a-'i
aues vlsh tis 1-r ftrl s'a-iarlis
rhtfhsf 80 - c1ga'fr elevators a
srraIaal u1rksfs 90 ia tlsu "a nap
tg's
Marble Hill press., 1918-10-31

Motsiei bui'rr is due isTE,,y 10 ua.
ryra dlsgr'husl0n ~ sa't.
uprrutsun ~ gins ~ rArii Speeds
Injuries the t.tcr ut cotlon hy c4;,lng
81.
Thrsvs 60 for caring fc- rilk In ,h-
home Keep q coid, co,erpA aai
clean.
Oats wa;rrca 10 make them wrlea
more cannot legally BE- sAlpied ta ia.
trrStaie commerce,
A ton ~ say hehns viii ylcla ntsru,
fairly gallons ot oil useful In various
wnya
one hundred aHi twenty trr pairs
NJ birds hest ca The average farm In
the Northwest.
CARTE ilavar can be eliminated ny
beating milk TO i4a degrees r. aud
Blowing air through Il.
The sense of direction In migratory
birds II as marvellous ss II IS fayste.
rIops The familiar Inhabitants IT tho
,ioorysri MARTA boxes return the next
year. though meanwhile they have
visited Brazil.
The melting potnt Of Southern made
butter IN higher where ca,tl. are fed
co,tonsecsi products
Fall plowing. dIsslnr and harrawins
he'p to destroy eggs Of grasxhoppcrx
and other insects.
Delicious table sirup can he made
from Gull and waste apples by hone
methods Developed by the United
States department Of agriculture.
Marble Hill press., 1918-10-31

been cut ,R,ratil. II IL has been rll i U,il
10 70 ius pot .. is necessary Irl fa. ARTILLERY tn
1-H.u stfrfa o. In p-,l.r tha' go .faHtFy r'si
meat mav not start 90 attack uH's r IND .ls,'i
arid Up 60 German barhsd wire Tho sowing "
lie hy 90 efficient a.r force 9, absolutely rf'.>,ai
Tho a.-I'.n. ugei descend frau 'h' REALM ~
mystery 3 hs> areaiH,I 10 ih' laHi, mnd rai
as-',mo .,s practical form. Il sh...d De- booked
90 rs uarHlrr designed tn carry man THROUGH
'hr air tN- o. 1,t."" purpose. and that pgrH,,
rs 2" help those tH 'N ground - 50 forward
We have 'n ria ourselves az Ht.-tuLcn notions
Thr me- = l..I l~ ..aIly Nr mar, comfortable
,hnu /, possible sar HE romru.e tr mo infantry
cavalry nr .rs#Hrrs Tho infantry when ig ilr
trenches are ,l.laG continually and 1f'aa hsa,.
u.s. They l.r. ~ s.r,p .r G4sHata some Hr,
nrd SOME dry They eva, ~ war ,h, shalr 'lm.
glrn,t - rpurs. when they Gra ga.a 90 rest
E.' rha pilot though Dis period rf N-Nfas tas
r,a..uur tur vr.ks and months m time hos o
.,pH.''. foh 90 d. each day lie anuN. when that
800 IS over Do viii .u.uu o. .yna house. 70
clean meal and q clean bod Ill- u.rfle Is excel.
lent lie is Gelu. rn, best uarnIur tho govern.
m.ut rar >l.piy lie does not see a., dirty side
nf the war H. does not And lu the alr the gqs
md tho fifth ~ Tho ground II is not 10 Ge won.
dprrd ri that ne &, proud 20 to in the MIR division
\ certain type ~ person writes ON the d1rr,-s
Il fyins and the way hc prevented hms.f from
EcIn. kIIlcd yet or,atrufh II the untold stories
20 'he trenches would make the ajr prots story
sound very sma,l Nti The airmuu is aIi import.
ant II would not heip much n America sent tea
millions of men 10 France n there was not an
,ilclrnt air service, hack ~ them
Fortunately rhIr-s nre going welt The Tinted
S,o,cs his prla,. or IN. rlgb, Kind and rhc ma.
,eri,l ~ nov. going oyergens In the r,rh, way
have heoo fortunate s,oygb ., sc,, q ,.aod Seal
- ,rcrf.o7 'gin, men of tho training which is
.olr, an il, ms country and az r certain number
~ Ar,cr,ro, cadet. IN England Personally
Marble Hill press., 1918-10-31


IN" 'aSu .i.'' . ne i'"h sue '' ,", "'' :"
craF" ana Nh. AorA'r I'.'''''> WIZ" .'''N'
~ 49,
th'., . H" '.uht "h"'.Fr' 'h'' 10 h. "t'.'''
1sei ". I. definite. almost OBJ. 'A'r" ''l'''.,-'
sNTI..T.. IL the mir. i t> lh'' ~ui'''.F.E h
the H.r ".ah enables Us To h'i"' ''F""hS """
br0t 'l. war home io ""F ana A."'N u pos
sih'' '"T an offensive t' ~A''''a y" 'u'"'.''
can : - for success without cooperation ~
NV. XVI arms hhH '"' I''@' i"|'''t5 N+>. t' ''.
.aNll'"n service pl ''A'.r> ."' ''H """,.
M''hiheS nave C-S "'N..'i'" ".'"- ''"."''
hh'S Tor d'"hu' PuEP'0'-' 'N '"' H'." ''. "'F
machine was use" Tor any 'u.F' IN '"'H' ''s "
was only necessary TOT pinot ]" ny '.""'
ana nave an ei'm'htar! "''".n"-' "i "''''' '"'
ters. Ho"adays Hh."h '"" h' 'A"-"l !" ~
thnt rs 'h' easiest par i '". I''''l-. l"'
ui"'' ... il'' 'o''> "'." 'i'7'''''"'''''". \ I''
haS Z" w '"uEh. |" ny "'" i.-"' /" @'..'' .'"-'.
sea .'' ''uts' re i"> '' zee ,l"~hr "' i"-DR
sir' ''.. .''s ''' az vi "''""'..' ".,' ''S'' ~
mas ~ D' '''h' c"-'p'Ff""h WIN "."'r arms
ms '""' +".| y one "i '"' ""'i '''",H" =" '"'"
"hd l'Fh'N@ U' most imI"''a"I ~ "ih
'.i&s'H i} ne aruu'ry ana 'H' "rP'"Hr
.sH '.'' was N'i a!.' ent Wireless was roA>ia'F"'
q sort ~ bl"oE art was not uhi'' I'l' mat 'hr
snaii"r ""r rca''! Felopcd ana evolved. It's
lr'''S hH."ino rapid Machines aad instruments
wore ihp"r'3 ona wireless cooperation was
Marble Hill press., 1918-10-31
GRAIN GRADE APPEALS

~ f.rusf 90 dealer later
sstfsf ia = - - ~heat - c,sa
sssii - rrsts "a isisssfs's c,e5
nsfes qa~sstsas the f-a.to -
sF-s.l D. "a iais &c s..-rai -
dlssu O. 80 trrTtfay - 49,.
csftsfr. wt.s dstrsyniuss he trss
lTEte.
To tate e. sprrs. - asst ~
iifs the 'fr.ts2si district sapsr
s.ssr - tfierrrG.A. tsssrh,rs -
~zAr ig sftaaor - the arrival
- 'is grsia ta 'hs raasgsi. - h.s
!a;sEiiou g. af5-al thc insE-sr
tors eTntr - after 80 arrival
u, thr eFuta. vlih.n o. hears
tstrF intpyeftna, Tee usrrs 49,
rtf'rss % tie nrarrss federal
,us~-r ,sr- ruh - - lrrt -
ur..irs thr b-gvna - usrt eIs
tssa--mra' - aertra.szfr. WaEh
.aEfHa
4 aisyu'~ s. Ea srs1l oa -
lrtsgHfa'g tbfrsarul ~ uairsfss.s.
- grain TIA. rsoyss ssfsHeeE
Is.ais nA~rv 30 lerasfA ias.~e~
t,rs arc iEated ar3 hryr thr
Err5s has t,sa tctsfm.noi D.
sh.EsFf 80 rreeGve~. The msthssl
as ukirT a a.sru'r II tho safas
ns "a thc ras~ ~ sh appeal
IeFmfTs .na drslrss can ,stc
up al erain grading ggs~ttras
by wgt,iCe or vtNtiAG fcvsyEai
grain sureFvtsAoa clsrxs sg th~
trFvHlaal Eat&etN
Marble Hill press., 1918-10-31
p.sh sss,s In ksrisuI,are.

ssssssss.s.sssssssssss.
Marble Hill press., 1918-10-31
Profitable pairylnu.

HtSh producing cows are the basis
OF proatahle dairyins. The ncst eco-
nomicai results cannot b. obtained
with poor producsrA
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1918-12-11
FRENCH pRisONER sAor

enri we're shot h' me Germans $50
p'ii"r prisoners aeriuusit wuura-
.e "t tnf prison cpmp in f.Angensnl1H.
'''f"sslnn SaxonS tina ~p7nA0 ma
hNef' dor h' Beriin reports The De-
n'finF ei ihop riosners lil nut n
Una lNNsi Jueiis cine severity of ta.s
Hrt 81 irprcssior e aas dc,.lafef
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28

founo lots OF dead TurKs under pafes
OF rock, where our guns had battered
the walls Of the quarries down On
them.
We were fighting about this part q
the country one time when we NV
three motor trucks disappear over the
side of hill going across country.
The detachment from the Cassard was
sent over on the run and we came
upon the Turks from those trucks and
several others just after they had got
out and were starting ahead ON foot.
We captured that whole bunch-I do
not know how many in all. They were
reinforcements on their way to part
Of their line that we were battering
very hard, and by capturing them we
helped the Anzacs great deal, for
they were able to get through for q
big gain. !,
We held that position, though they
rained shells on US so hard all that
day and night that we thought they
were placing a barrage fora raid, and
stood to arms until almost noon the
next day. But our guns gave back
shell for shell. and pounded the Turk
tsh trenches and broke shrapnel over
them until they had all they could
do to stay in them.
Finally, our guns placed shell after
shell on the enemy's communication
trenches, and they could neither bring
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28
Then ! Would stick Another One.

Then 0 Would Stick Another One.
I slipped my bayonet into Turk and
more glad when saw another one
coming. ! guess saw red all right.
Each time I thought, maybe you are
the one who did poor, old Murray"
And could see Murray as he looked
VIXEN they took him down from the
storehouse we'll. Then I would stick
hnsther one
The others from the Cassard were
red-hot. too. and they went at the
Turks in great style. There was
nothing 70 complain about in the way
they fought, but wished that we had
hsd a few more boys from the Foreign
Legion With az. I think we would have
mae dear on through 70 ocnstantl-
sspis
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28

But the Turks were not as bad ~
Fritz. They were just as good or bet
ter a. fighters, and a whole lot whittier.
Often. when we were frying In the
trenches and not drop Of water was
to be had, something would land on
the ground near us and there would be
a water bottle, full. Sometimes they
almost bombarded us with bottles.
Then. too. they would not fire on the
Red Cross, as the Germans do; they
would hold their FIRE many times when
we were out picking up our wounded.
Several times they dragged our wound
ed as close as they could to the barbed
wire that we might find them easier.
After Murray died I got to thinking
q lot more than I used to, and though
I did not have any bunch exactly, still
I felt as though I might get 1t, too,
which was something I had never
thought much about before. used to
think about my grandmother, too,
when ! had time, and about Brown.
I used to wonder what Brown was
doing and wish we were together. But
I could remember my grandmother
smiling, and that helped some. I guess
I was lonely. to tell the truth. I did
not know the other garbies very well,
and the only one left that WAS
really very friendly with got his soon
afterward, though not as bad as Muir
ray. And then there was no one that
I was really chummy with. That would
not have, bothered me at all before
Murray died.
The other lad I spoke Of as having
been chummy with was Philippe
Pierre. He was about eighteen and
came from Bordeaux. He was very
cheerful fellow and he and Murray
and used to be together a lot. He
felt almost as bad about Murray al
I did, and you could see that It
changed him great deal, too. But he
was still cheerful most Of the time.
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28
I Picked Him Up and Started Back.

! Flckeo t1lm Up ana started Back
up reinforcements nor retire. So We
went over and cleaned them out and
took the trench. But then our guns
had to stop because we were in range,
and the Turks brought up reinforce
ments from other parts Of the line and
we were driven back after holding
their trench all afternoon. It was
about flfty-dfty, though, for when they
reinforced one part Of the line some
Of our troops would break through in
another part.
That night there was terrible rain.
storm. ! guess It was really cloud
burst. We had all the water we
wanted then, and more, too. A great
many men and mules were drowned,
both Of our troops and the Turkish.
Trenches were washed in and most Of
the works ruined. There were several
Turkish bodies washed into our trench,
and two mules came over together,
though whether they were Turkish or
French or British do not know.
A few days after the rain stopped
I was going along the road to the
docks at "V'' beach when saw some
examples Of the freakishness of shells.
There was a long string Of mules go.
ing back to the trenches with water
and supplies Of various kinds. We
drew up to one side to let them pass.
Two or three mules away from us
was an old-timer with only one ear,
and that very gray, loaded to the gum
wales with bags Of water. He had had
his troubles, that old boy, but they
were just about over, for there was q
flash and the next instant you could
not see thing left of Old Missouri.
He just vanished. But two of the
water bags were not even tou6hed,
and another one had only little hole
I'D It. There they lay on the ground,
just as though you had taken the mule
out from under them. The mules next
him. fore and aft, were knocked down
by the conclusion but unframed; but
the third mule behind had one ear
cut to shreds, and the man behind
him was badly shot up and stunned.
A little farther on shell had struck
the road and plowed furrow two or
three feet wide, and just as straight
as an arrow for three Of four yards !;
1t then turned off at almost Q
right angle and continued for yard
or two more before 1t burst and made
big hole. That Turk gunner must
have put lot of English on that shell
when he fred 1t. He got somebody's
number with that shot, too, and the
lad paid pretty high, for there was
blood around the hole, not quits dry
when we got to 1t.
Y(TO BE CONTINUED.)
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28
CHAPTER XIII.
LImeys, Anzaes and polIus.

One night, while we were expecting
an attack, the word was passed down
the line to have the wire cutters ready
and to use bayonets only for the first
part Of the attack, for we were to try
and take the first enemy trench by
surprise. The first trench was only
about eighty yards away. Our big guns
opened up and at zero we climbed out
and followed the curtain Of fire too
closely, It seemed to me.
But the barrage stopped too soon.
as 1t does sometimes, and there were
plenty Of Turks left. We were half
way across when they saw us, and
they began banging away at us very
hard. They pounded at us as we came
on until we were given the order to
retire, almost as we we're on them
what was left Of us.
As we turned and started back the
Turks rushed out to counter-attack us,
the first Of them busy with bombs.
Then I tripped over something and
rolled around a while and then saw
it was Philippe Pierre. His left leg
was dangling, cloth and flesh and all
shot away and the leg hanging to the
rest Of him by a shred. Two or three
Of our men who were on their way
back to our trenches tripped over me
Us tried to get up. and then a shell
exploded near by and thought I had
got it sure. but 1t was only the rocks
thrown up by the explosion.
Finally I was able to stand up. 50
I slurg my rife over one shoulder
and got Philippe Pierre up on the
other, with his body from the waist
up hanging over my back, 90 that
I could hold his wounded leg on, and
started back. There was only one OF
two Of our men left between the
trenches. Our machine guns were at
It hard and the Turks were firing and
bombing at full speed.
I had not gone more than two or
three PAGES when I came across
another Of our men, wounded In sew
eral places and groaning away at q
great rate. Philippe Pierre was not
saying a word, but. the other chap
did enough for the two Of them. One
wounded man was all I could manage,
with my rife and pack, over the rough
ground and the barbed wire I had tc
go through. So I told this fellow,
whose name I cannot remember
never did know him very well-that ]
would come back for him, and went
on. I almost fell several times, but
managed to get through safely and
rolled over our parapet with Philippe
Pibrre. They started the lad back IN
q stretcher right away. When saw
him again he gave me a little box az
a souvenir. but I have lost It.
The Turks had not got very far with
their counter attack, because we were
able to get our barrage going in time
to check them. But they were still out
in front Of their trenches when ]
started back after the other garby.
I was not exactly afraid as I crawled
along searching for the other man,
but I was very thirsty and nervous
for fear our barraee would begin
again or the machine guns cut loose.
After what seemed a long time came
upon q wounded man, but he was not
the one was after. I thought about
q bird in the hand" ETC., and was just
starting to pick this chap up when
q shell burst almost On az and
kpocksd me two or three fest away.
Il u Q wonder It did not kiu both
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28
The eulIdInu Of LIfe.

Life is building. It rises slowly
day by day. through the years. Every
new lesson we learn lays block on
the edifce which Is rising silently with.
In us. Every experience, every touch
Of another life on ours, every influence
that impresses us, every book we read,
every conversation we have, every act
Of our commonest days, adds some.
thing to the invisible building.-J. B.
Miller.
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28
CHAPTER x,l-contlnued.

No one man can see all of an attack,
which may extend over miles Of
ground, but during the three weeks
Z was in the trenches on the Gallipoli
peninsula we made four grand attacks
and many minor ones, SO I know in a
general way what they are like. Each
wave is organized like the others,
First come three lines Of what You
might call grenadiers. though they are
not picked for size as the old kings
grenadiers used to be. They are de-
ployed in skirmish formation, which
means that every man is three yards
from the next. They were armed only
with grenades, but. you can take It
from me, that is enough! Behind them
come two lines, also in skirmish for
NATION, and armed with machine guns
and grenade rifles. The first men on
the left carry machine guns, then come
three rifle grenadiers, and then anoth-
er machine gun and SO on down the
length Of the line. After these come
two lines of rif1emen with flxed bay
Onets.
Then come the trench cleaners, or
moppers-up. as we call them. They
were some gang, believe me. Imagine
Q team Of rugby players spread out in
two lines-only with hundreds Of men
On the team instead Of eleven, and
each man q husky, capable Of ham
ding baby grand piano single
handed. These fellows were armed
with everything you could think Of,
and a whole lot more that you could
not dream about In a nightmare. It
used to remind me Of a trial saw
In New York once, where the police
had raided yeggmen's flop and had
all their weapons in the courtroom as
exhibits.
The moppers-up were heeled with
sticks. clubs, shillelahs. black-jack
two-handed cleavers, axes, trench
knives, poniards. up-to-date toma-
hawks. brass knuckles, slung shots
anything that was ever invented for
crashing man with, guess, except
firearms. These knock-down, drag-out
artists follow the riflemen very closely.
Their job was to take care Of all the
Turks who could not escape and would
not surrender.
There are lots Of men in any army
who will not surrender. but think
probably there were more Turks OF
that gameness than men in most other
armies. I have heard that it Is q part
Of their religion that a man n no
dies lighting, goes to a very specially
fancy heaven, with plenty to eat and
smoke. And I suppose If he surren-
ders they believe he will be put In
the black gang, stoking for eternity
down below. It was awfully hot at the
Da1:lanelles and I guess the Turks
did not want 1t any hotter, for very
few Of them ever surrendered, and the
trench cleaners had a lot to do. Their
Job is really important, for It is danger
GUS to have groups Of the enemy alive
and kicking around in their trenches
after you have passed. Almost every
prisoner we took was wounded.
3 The one thing I do not like to have
PEOPLE ask me is, Glow does it feel to
kill man" and think the other
boys feel the same way about it. It
is not thing you like to talk about
or think about either. But this time,
at ~" beach, when we got past the
lsrst and second Turk trenches and
were at work on the third, do not
mind saying that I was glad whenever
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28

There 10 satisfaction In the thoushi
Of having done what - haew - .
right
Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1918-11-28
Daily Thought.

Daily Thought
To be nameless In worthy deeds, a.
ceeds an infamous history.-sir Thorn.
% Browne.