davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
NEED SUITABLE STORAGE

With suitable storage the crop may be held for some time, if it is allowed to mature before harvest. and if all un- sound or badly cut tubers are removed. Artificially refrigerated cold-storage plants are the best, put this type of storage is limited. Irish potatoes may be stored successfully in up-to-date sweet potato curing houses, providing much care is taken in cooling 1t off at night-opening it to admit the cool night air, and closing it early in the morning. Well ripened potatoes, if dug in the early evening and gathered early the next morning when cool and immediately placed in suitable storage, may be sat isfa ctorily held for a month or two pos siby longer In cold storage plants they may be kept several months.
 Finally, increased consumption in the south of the new southern crop Is very important. Normally the south con sumes more potatoes than it produces. Except for few weeks during the har- vesting, the southern markets are sup piled from the north Of course, it is not good business to sell the whole southern crop to northern markets and then, in a short time, be dependent upon the north for potatoes. The south, both producer and consumer, will profit by 8 gradual marketing and increased home consumption of the new crop. The na- tion will profit because there will be less loss of foodstuff.
 Delay potato digging When you dc dig, hold in storage if facilities permit Market gradually.
 Eat more potatoes of the new crop-and eat less wheatstuffs.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
Helping Irish Potatoes

A letter to all farm and home demon stration agents in Alabama has just been sent cut by J. F. Duggar director of the extension service, Auburn, point ing out how, even at this late date, it is possible to increase the yield of Irish potatoes, especially in the gar dens, and thus to serve the nations, as well as the individual need. This letter, which follows, is equally applicable to every gardener:
 We are all making continuous efforts to help the nation in saving it's prilci- pal supply of flour, because of the im- portance of this particular food in win ming the war.
 With this in view, let the next few weeks find each of us giving especial attention to means of increasing the yield of Irish potatoes. which is the best substitute for flour yielded by the garden at this period of the year. In most parts of the state it is not yet 4 too late to increase production by the following means:
 l. By poisoning the potato bugs so long as a considerable number of green leaves remain; for if the potato beetles are unchecked the young insects de- . stroy the leaves and thus greatly re- s duce the yield.
 2. By delaying the digging of the , greater part of the garden patches Of Irish potatoes until the plants are ma ture enough to afford the maximum yield; for as long as there are green leaves there is continuous increase in the amount of starch stored in the 2 tubers.
 No insect is more easily and com pletely destroyed than the potato hug. Use either arsenate of lead (which is preferable) or paris green. Powdered arsenate of lead may be dusted on the leaves of Irish potatoes, snap beans, etc, without mixture, or it may be di- luted With to 40 times as much slacked lime; paris green must be thus mixed with lime. Make little bag of a single thickness of unbleached domestic or sheeting, or use two layers of thinner cloth place one to three cupsful of the powder in this and shake the bag up and down above each row as you pass along, as i'll poisoning the army worm on cotton.
 For the undiuted arsenate of lead just enough to be noticeable is su@ft- cient. Repeat as new generations O. bugs appear
 Both farm and home demonstration, agents should urge the poisoning Of . bugs ane late digging of potatoes by every family whom they visit or can otherwise influence. Suggest the saw ing of the smallest tubers for summer planting.
 Home demonstration agents should Of course, now do even more than here tofore to bring about the larger use of Irish potatoes (whether homegrown or purchased) as supplying some of the starch in the diet that might otherwise be required in the form of wheat bread.
 An increased number of the travelling specialists from Auburn will urge these measures wherever they go in connec- ton with their other lines of exten sion work.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
Men Who Can Aid Farmer

Each town, under the leadership of it's most active spirits, such as it's Chamber of Commerce or county coun- cil of defense, itself should imme- lately make a survey of all able-bod-
 jed men who have had farm experiences and obtain pledges to spend a day or
 two out of each week or a week, if
 need be. out of the month at the re-
 riods of greatest demand in order to help the farmers. There are many men al work in the towns whose places can be taken by the women. I have in mind particularly men walters. eic- vator boys and clerks whose work can be well substituted. if the business sentiment of the town will act reso- lutely and persuade employers to use women temporarily in order that the
 men may be released for farm labor as the occasion may require.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
SODIUM FLUORID
VEGETABLE OIL USE GROWING

Importation of vegetable oils and ma terial for their production has treble1 in value since the beginning of the war and the United States, in common with other parts of the world has greatly in- creased it's consumption of food oils. With the demand for animal fats for the men in the trenches, people at home have turned to vegetable fats to take the place of the meats butter cheese and condensed milk which they are sending to the battlefields. In addition to this the war itself has made great demands upon the vegetable oils of the world bv reason of the fact that they contain a large percentage of glycerine, which is now required for the manufacture of high explosives. The United States alone although the world s largest pro- ducer of cotton seed oil, imported in 1917 approximately s75, GOO worth of food oils and material for their production, about one-fourth of this coming from our Philippine Islands.
 Cocoanut oil imported in 1917 was 1s3. WVoV pounds, against 5S, GOO 900 pounds in 1914. and of copra, the dried meat of the cocoanut, intended for use in manu- featuring cocoanut oil 67.0O0000 pounds. against 60,Oo0000 pounds in 1914. the inn portation of the oil having practically trebled while that of copra was six times as much as in 1914. The imports of soya bean oil. much of which is used for food, were in 1917 2e5, 900 pounds. against 13,000,O00 pounds in 1914 or 20 times as much. Peanut oil imported in 1917 was 27,ooo,Ooo pounds against 7.oo0.- 900 pounds in 1914. Tn other principal food oils, such oils sesame, repeseed. mustard seed, palm kernel and cohune. there has been little increase, chiefly by reason of the fact that the European countries have drawn largely upon the chief oil seed areas of the world
 PRINCIPAL PRODUCERS
 India, Ceylon. Dutch East Indies. China and the Philippines are the prin- cipal producers of oil seeds and nuts. Nature in providing fats for the food of man originally gave to the inhabitants of the frigid zone the blubber of the seal. whale and walrus; to the inhabi- tants of the temperate zone the meats and fats of the domestic animals. and to the people of the tropics the oil seeds and nuts, but with the increased density of population and, therefore. the lack Of area with which to maintain the food producing animals, man found that he
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
Milk Production

An interesting comparison of tho different dairy breeds is made iii farmers bulletin S93 of the United States department of agriculture. The averages given per COW per year for the different breeds are as follows:
 Ayrshires, 9555 pounds of milk BIT pounds fat.
 Guernsey, S934 pounds of milk, 4S6 pounds fat.
 Holsteins. 14,622 pounds milk, 500 pounds fat.
 These averages are taken from the production of cows that had completed a years test for the official registry of the breed in each case. Unfortu- nately, the vital questions of feed con- sumed and cost of feeds are not gfv- en. so we cannot tell which breed IS most economical for the farm dairy man to keep
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
LEAVE STUDS IN GROUND

Delay potato digging When you do dlg hold the potatoes in storage as long las facilities permit. Increase southern consumption of this years southern po- tato crop-of course, reducing wheat con- sumption proportionately.
 To carry out these three suggestions of the United States department of az riculture will be to promote the pros perity of the potato-producing sections of the south, and will be to conserve fur ther the food resources Of the nation.
 Every person in the south can do one or the other or all of these things. If you are a farmer you can do the first, probably the second, and certainly the third, If you are not a farmer you can at least do the last-eat more potatoes of the new crop at the same time eating less wheat
 There is an aonormally heavy hold-over of northern potatoes. They are now moving into consumption. and will be for some time. ld the new southern crop now coming in is harvested and mar keted according to the former custom 1t will be reaoAins northern markets just at the same time as the heavy northern hcld-over. This would mean glutted market, lowered prices, and perhaps a considerable loss of potatoes
 SOUTH DIGS TOO EARLY The southern crop, in past years, has been dug while the potatoes are small. The custom has been to harvest them 1 before maturity in order to get to mar ket with the new crop just as early in the spring as possible. But that is not the proper objective under the peculiar conditions obtaining this year. On the contrary, it is to the southern producer $ interest to reach the northern market as 1 late as he can, because he will glut the
 market if he ships in simultaneously with the heavy movement of northern hold-over potatoes.
 1 This explains the necessity for delay l ing digging. Simply let your potatoes stay in the ground and continue to grow l two or three weeks longer. During that 1 time some of the northern surplus will l be out of the way. Also. by harvesting mature potatoes the yield will be in-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
The Soldiers Father

Roy Temple House in Farm Journal. I'm feeling pretty much alone And lonely. sii{ee the boys are gone. They've left me with the hired man To run the farm the best we can. It's hard, and work is moving slow But when their duty calls, they go. So I, like old man Zebedee, Beside the Lake of Galilee, Said: Leave behind your cares an,
 frets;
 I'll stay on here and mend the nets, And keep the tight old bark a-swim You go ahead and follow Hin.''
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
One Gallon of Gas

A single gallon of gasoline will do wonders almost anywhere, but no- where has it been applied to better purpose than on the farm. Here are some of it's stunts: It will milk 800 cows, bale four tons of hay, mix S5 yards of cement, move a ton truck fl miles. blow three fifth of an acre of land, and make enough electricity to keep eight lights going in a farm- hnuse for 20 hours
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
1917 Milk Supply

Credting the dairy cows of the country with an average annual pro- duction of 37t6 pounds of milk, the department of agriculture estimates that the total amount of milk in 1917 was 4.611.350,00o pounds. This milk contains total of one fourth as much protein and more than one-fourth as much energy as is required for the total population of the United States. That is. if all the milk produced were properly utilized it could make up more than one-fourth of all the food consumed by our t10.- 900 900 peonle
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
Potato Puffs Are Good

Here is a government recipe for potato puffs. Add the milk to the potato and heat until thoroughly blended. Add the beaten egg and salt, gradually adding the grated cheese. Bake in greased tins or rameiSins in a slow oven. Use two cups mashed potatoes one cup grated cheese. two eggs, one-half cup milk and one teaspoon salft
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
Smaller Threshers Used

One of the large manufacturers If threshing machinery reports that there is rapid tendency toward smaller threshing outfits and more of them. These are being purchased by individ- ual farmers or groups of farmers. Each threshing machine now does the work for a much smaller community One reason for the present tendency is the desire of farmers to get their grain threshed as soon as possible aft- CT harvest. Another reason is the larger number of tractors throughout the country to furnish power for threshing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16

could produce a larger quantity of fat upon given area in the form of seeds. whether those of the grasses, plants, shrubs or the majestic palm. Tropical man has long relied for his require- ments of fatty foods upon oil seeds and or late temperate zone man. finding his supply of food animals running low, has turned to the tropical world for material with which to supplement his waning stock of animal food.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
MAKING FOOD FROM WASTE

Keep this thought in mind in consid- ering the growing of more poultry as a war necessity: Poultry is a means of converting into good food materials that cannot be utilized by man, that can-
 not be eaten by any other kinds of stock, and that without poultry would be ab- solute waste. Very clearly it becomes
 a national as well as an individual duty to keep enough poultry to take up all such waste materials. As long as fowls take the bulk of their feed from such sources and require to be fed on grain or other garnered feeds only as a fin- icreated.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
Orange Straws

Cut roange peel into strips with scis- sors. Put into cold water and boil 2O minutes. Change water; boil again 70 minutes; drain. Take one cup orange and one cup sugar; water to cover Boil until 1t threads. Roll in granulated sugar. place on platter to dry in warm oven.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16

When you want hearty dish for SUD- per spread cold boiled hominy over the bottom of a baking dish, moisten it with
 milk, season with a little salt and pep
 per and slice over 1t some sausage
 Bake in q rather hot oven for 70 min utes, or until the sausage is well cooked, and serve hot.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16
WHEN CHICKENS ARE BEST

Chickens in any general scheme of poultry production, of course. must take 1rst place. They are best adapted to general conditions, take a wider range of feeds and convert them, perhaps with the greatest margin of profit Chickens. better than any other classe of poultry utilize table scrape and the general run of waste from the kitchen door, all the way from apple and potato parings to sour milk. Chickens far surpass all other kinds of poultry in salvaging waste grain from the stables, and from the shed or lot where the cattle are fed and from hog pens. During the winter months, on farms where any considerable number of live stock are kept, the hens would take their living from these sources with only slight additional feeding from time to time. Chickens are great destroyers of insects, including many injurious forms in yard, pasture and orchard. They util- ize. also, many grasses and weeds and seeds from the same, that would other wise be of no use. Except in isolated instances, the part of wisdom would be- undoubtedly to keep more chickens than all other kinds of poultry combined but there should be, in a majority of cases some of all the other common kinds of If,.xF
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16

creased and the crop be more susceptible of successful storage. and by storing, if you have the facilities, and further de- laying your marketing, you are more apt to receive satisfactory prices.
 Extending the marketing period re- leves transportation strain, conserves food. brings you more money. Rush marketing. as under the old plan, prom ses transportation congestion, giutted markets, lowered prices and loss of po-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-05-16

rid, complete information on the con l trol of mites and lice,
 i The common chicken mite is very small gray insect which, when it has ! filled itself with blood, becomes brisni
 red. hence the name ''red mite" by which it is often called. It may be dis
 covered, if present, by looking on the
 under sides of the roosts and nest sup
 ports and in the wall crevices neat l them. Where the mites are very abun- 1 dant they may be found in large
 masses in such places. They also ire quent the nests of sitting hens. With ] reasonable attention to the cleanli-
 ness of poultry houses, mites. are not 1 likely to be troublesome except ir warm weather.
 1 Treatment for mites consists in aft- l plications of liquid insecticides or dis | infectants to them and to the places where they harbor, repeating the az 1 plications at intervals of about a week until all are destroyed. Any of the petroleum products commonly used foi disinfectant purposes will be found | effective for the destruction of mites
 SELECTING THE BROODERS
 More real progress can be mace l through selection and breeding than | through feeding. The best of food and
 care will not make a good layer out oi ! a bird with jig thick pelvic bones anymore than heavy feeding will make
 a draft horse out of a racer.
 Select birds with thin pelvic bones
 and with plenty of space between the | rear of the breastbone and the two
 pelvic bones. Males birds should ;5e
 selected the same way, always being
 careful that only the most vigorous
 and healthy specimens are used in the l breeding yards
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-06-15
THE HOPE OF TIE. .XVORL
sy HAROLD BELL WRIGHT.

the crash of fallen cities and the cries
OF tortured humanity, the voice OF
the Red Cross carries clear and strong
the one message of hope to our war
burdened world
The black horror of this worlds
crisis would be unbearable were it
not for the spirit and work OF this
mighty force. The normal mind re-
fuses to contemplate the situation
without this saving power.
1t is the knowledge that in every
city, town and hamlet, men, women
and children are united in this work
Of declaring to the world, through
the Red Cross, our message OF mercy
and brotherhood, that keeps our
hearts from sinking under the burden
Of woe and sustains our faith in hui
man kind. 1t is the constant daily,
almost hourly touch with the Red
Gross work that is felt by every citi-
zen in the land, that inspires Us with
courage and hope.
Out Of this hell OF slaughter tho
Red Cross will guide the warning ma
tons to heaven of worldwide peace
and brotherhood
Because it is the living expression
of those ideals and principles in de-
Tense OF which we are giving our all
in lives and material wealth--because
on every field Of death it is proclaim"
ing its message of life-bccause it
keeps ever before US and the world
the cause for which we. war-because
il will preserve us in the hour OF our
victory from defeating ourselves-the
Red Cross is the hope Of the world
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-06-15

THE hope Of the world is not alone
that the armies Of humanity will
be victorious, but that the spirit and
purpose of our warfare will prevail IN
our victory. The hope OF the world
is in the Red Gross, because the Red
Gross is voicing this spirit and pur-
pose that must, through the force OF
our arms, triumph. Just to the de-
gree that we can evidence this Red
Gross spirit Of mercy and brother
hood we will hold true in the dam
gerous hour of victory to the ideals
that have forced us into the trenches
in the defense of human rights and
human liberty.
The one sane and saving thought
in this delirium of death that now
possesses the world is the Red Cross.
Wherever the storms of battle
he'll rage, amid the fires OF ruthless
destruction, in trench and camp and
hospital, these soldiers OF mercy with
heroism unsurpassed are carrying the
flag of the highest conceivable ideals
of humanity. The ideals for which
our armies have taken the field are,
by these unarmed hosts, proclaimed
to friend and foe, in that unmistaka-
Bile language Of universal mercy and
brotherhood. In the terms of wasted
towns rebuilt, Of broken humanity
salvaged, Of dying children rescued,
of desolate families succored, the Red
Gross declares the cause for which we
war and proclaims the principles and
ideals that must and will in the end
prevail. Above the thunder Of the
guns, the roar of exploding mines,
Arizona republican., 1918-03-26
WAR POSTER CRAZE
 HAS HIT STUDENTS
(NeW York Sun. }

The poster craze which swept the country some twenty years ago has had a partial comeback as a result of the war
 With recruiting an dLiberty loan campaigns a new crop of posters has come forth, some beautiful and artistic and some otherwise. Students have importuned their friends to send all the posters they can obtain. Great rivalry has sprung up among the col lectors, and some of the girls rooms at women's schools and coeduca tional institutions resemble combination of a recruiting station and Liberty bond saiesmen's headquarters.
 So heavy did the demand for posters become that the Red Cross saw it's possibilities as an aid to raising money. Thereupon the officials of the organization had printed small repro ductions of the best posters in their X original colors. These are sold at a small price.
 The first poster collection fad in this country followed the bangle bracelet era. when the girls wore bracelets made of coins one side of each of which had been smoothed to allow the engraving of the givers initials. Then the sofa cushion came in, followed by pennants of colleges, cities summer resorts. circuses, baseball teams anni- versaries and other things and events. Many pennants are still sold at Coney Island, each generallg attached to a small cane.
Arizona republican., 1918-03-26
1h MILLION YEAR
 GERMAN NET LOSS
Scientific American.)

Before this war. military writers, the Germans included, told us that the proportion of the population in. any country that could be made into fight ing men was 10 per cent. The popu- lation of Germany is 6S million. As a matter of fact the mobilization has reached nearly 15 per cent, and there fore in August, 1914, the potential fighting strength of Germany was about 91a million men.
 This was the reservoir from which the human material would have to be fed to the fighting lines. The 913 mill lion fighting men could never be af- fected by the birth rate-not unless the war should run for eighteen years. The only supply available to offset the outflow was the physically efficient young men, some 450000 who would reach the age of IS each year.
 So there it stood at the beginning of the war, a cistern full to the brim with 91a million men and with pc tential inflow of 450,000.
 There are two ways in which we may get at the losses: First, the Ger man official statements; second, the estimates made by the allied military intelligence departments Secret serv- ice.) And we find that these arrive at lessly crippled-of about million men or an annual net loss of killed and permanently cripply of 1A million.