davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-01-07
News Print Paper Hearing Begins

Open hearings to assist the Federal
Trade Commission in determining fair
price for news print paper. in accord
ance with the agreement made by man.
ufacturers with the Department OF
Justice, began today with manufac-
turers. 1obbers and publishers pres
ont to give information as to whatNs q
fair investment in the business and
what 10 fair rate Of profit.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
new NETHERLANDS ENVOY
TO SAIL FOR HERE SOON

AMSTERDAM. January 7.--Augustus
Phillips. who last month was appointed
minister Of the Netherlands at Wash
ington in succession % Chevalier van
Rappard. will sail for the United States
January Is.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Reports Indicate Germans
viii Make Drive for Calais
Euident Purpose Would Be to Isolate England
and France Various Run1ors Regarding
the Enemu Objective On West Front.

general socialist conspiracy extending
beyond the German frontier in Russia,
where the Russian Maximalists are
busy. The movement is spreading into
the Scandinavian kingdoms, and it may
extend into Switzerland also, though
there is nothing on the surface here to
indicate it.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Start Is Favorable.

Billy SUNDAY started his washington
campaign yesterday morning, and the
start was made under entirely favor
able circumstances. The weather was
bright and rot too cold The new Taber-
nacle was comfortable The crowd was
big, and. II not overenthusiastic, was
attentive and receptive. and those who
have heard Billy in other cities testify
that he was in fine fettle. The CO.
operating churches eliminated or trans
ferred all conflicting services. The
ushers and doorkeepers and regular
and special police knew their business
and did it.
Many were there out of curiosity.
and OF these many will not come again.
Others will come again and again. To
preston made on this his first Wash
tngton audience of the present cam
paigD non-commtttal answer must be
given.
The doors were thrown open early,
and at 1o:45, when the choral service,
led by Homer Rodeheaver, commenced,
all seats were practically filed and a
few persons had to stand up. The choir
seats were filed and the volume of STIR
ring music made by the singers and
the two grand pianos with wide opened
tops. was an impressive preliminary to
the opening prayer and the sermon.
Seated near the platform were Secre-
tary Daniels and Mrs. Daniels and
Champ Clark. Speaker of the House,
while Washingtonians we'll known in
religious and other circles were scat
tered here and there on the benches
Many olive drab and some blue uni
forms were in evidence
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Service Flag Displayed.

During the song service an. attendant
displayed a service flag with one blue
star, representing the evangelist's son,
over the pulpit, and this called forth
as much applause as anything that was
said or done during the entire meeting,
Rev. DR.. Charles Wood, pastor of the
Church of the Covenant, made the open-
ing prayer. having been introduced by
Mr.. Rodeheaver.
I'VE thank. Thee, Lord, that Thou
has brought US together before Thee to
hear Thy voice and know Thy will"
said DR.. Wood, in part. I'VE bless Thee
for the coming of this band of tried
and true Christian soldiers, and through
them we hope that Thou whilst marshal
Thy hosts for unexampled and extraor-
dinary victories. We thank Thee for
the loyalty to God. to country and to
the truth as 1t is in Jesus Christ. and
for the se1f-sacrificing devotion in Thy
service of this leader who has come
among US. We pray that Thou whilst
envelope him in Thy presence, so that
when we hear his voice we NAV hear
the voice of the Son Of God Nav what
has happened because of him in other
cities, over which we have wondered.
happen in this city. over which we NAV
rejoice"
Sundays "Amens" during this prayer
We're frequent and audible. for by this
time he had appeared on the platform.
Next Merritt o. Chance, postmaster of
Washington and chairman of the local
general campaign committee, was in
troduced by Mr.. Rodeheaver.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Failure to Register Charged.

The Minnesota cases were those of
Joseph F. Arver, Alfred F. Grahl, Otto
and Walter Wangerin. indicted for fail
ing to register and sentenced to serve
one year each in the Minnesota state
reformatory.
The Georgia case was based on the
refusal of the federal district court to
grant a writ of habeas corpus to Albert
Jones. a negro, arrested and confined in
Jail on a charge of refusing to register
June S.
In holding the draft law constitutional,
the court took no action in the cases
involving charges OF conspiracy to pre-
vent the carrying out of the purposes of
the law. These, it was understood. will
be taken up by the court later This
question is involved in the cases Of Alex
ander Berkman and Emma Goldman,
Louis Kramer and Morris Becker, con-
victed in New York on that charge and
the so-called Ohio cases.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Canadian Ship Ashore in Fog.

A CANADIAN ATLANTIC PORT,
January IA Canadian steamship of
$500 tons went ashore today during a
dense fog on the Cape Breton coast.
Vessels have been dispatched to her
assistance.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
introduced Billy Sunday.

Chairman Chance called attention to
the cooperation of the United States
and District governments in making
possible campaign here; prophesied
that Mr.. Sunday will reach the hearts
of more people in more ways in the
capital than anywhere he has ever
been. and emphasized the harmony with
which every one of the eighteen big
subcommfttees had done their work.
Then he introduced Mr.. Sunday.
Bible In hand. the latter beamed down
sonal physical magnetism OF which he
is possessed became apparent. Billy was
sartorially at his best-in somber cuta-
way suir gray cloth-topped patent
lC0htinued On Eighth Page.)
Evening star., 1918-01-07
FIRST STEP TO AID
FINANCING ROADS
Government Asks for Amount
of Capital Needed by
Railways.
INQUIRY TO PRESIDENTS

| The railroad administration held
today that the municipal bridge be-
tween st. Louis and East st. Louis
can be taken over by the government
because 1t has railway tracks. Com
pensation WILL be decided later.
As the first step in government as
sistance Of railroad financing, presi
dents of railroads were requested by
Interstate Commerce Commissione,
Daniels today to telegraph him imme,
diately the amount of capital required
| for this year and also for the first si1
j months of the year.
L This action was taken at the direc-
tion of Director General McAdoo. Rail-
road presidents were asked to detail
the precise purposes for which funds
will be needed to meet maturing Sc
curities not already provided for, to
pay for improvements, betterments and
construction work already contracted
for and partially finished. Roads were
requested also to show what portion
of improvements already started can
be stopped now without detriment.
Capital for Construction Purposes.
Another item sought by Commissioner
Daniels is an approximate estimate of
capital necessary to provide for new
construction work, improvements and
betterments. including additional ter
minals and new equipment. Presidents
were asked to specify what part of
their financial requirements during this
year are not absolutely necessary for
protection of property or maintenance
of earnings.
A definite statement also is sought as
to the character of securities of a gov
ernment fund of securities to be issued
by railroads under government opera
tion. This plan Is only tentative. how
ever. and depends on the action of Con-
gress on the pending railroad bill.
Wants Report on Earnings.
The Interstate Commerce Commission
today also ordered railroads to report
their earnings for the year ending June
80. 1917, to show the necessary figures
for establishing the standard return"
provided in the pending railroad bill.
Without this order railroads would reA
port for the calendar year of 1917. The
commission today started a. new sur
vey of rolling stock by ordering roads
and private car owners to report the
number and kind of cars owned and
leased, and their condition.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Will Send Home Soldiers Not
in Sympathy With Battle
for Democracy.
SC0RN AID OF ALLIES;
DOUBT GERMAN INVASION
Country Behind Lines Stripped Barf
Declares Russ Delegate; Stand =
for Power of People.
By the Associated Press.


By the Associated Press. ~
LONDON, January THE Bolshcviki
are definitely strengthening the front.
Petrograd advices say. The corrr-
spondent Of the Daily News obtained
this information from NJ. Radek, one
of the Russian delegates who took %
prominent part in the negotiations with
the Austrians and Germans at Petro-
grad.
He said the bolsheviki were in
tending to send home all who did mot
wish to fight, so that they would have
an army which was willing to fight for
an ideal.
The correspondent asked what would
be the attitude OF the bolsheviki In case
of actual war. with regard to help from
the allies. NJ. Radek replied:
I'VE do not desire their help. Our
strength lies in our weakness. and II We
accepted help from the allies the sig
nificance of our position would be de-
stroyed. The weaker we are the stronger
we are. The Germans can drive us back.
but what good would it do them?
1.-THE country behind the front has been
stripped bare. There is not enough there
to feed a single horse. The Germans
will not wish millions Of starving persons
on their hands.
Seek Democratic Peace.
I'VE stand for democratic peace. So
do the German working classes. II the
German government attacks us 1t will
display itself to its own people In It's
true light"
sterdam gives q wireless message sent
to M. Joffe, chairman of the Russian dele
CATION, by Foreign Minister Won kuehI-
mann for the German delegation. Foreign
eign Minister Nessimy Bey for the Turks
and Minister Of Justice Popon for the
Bulgarians. II recalls that when the CEN
traa powers outlined the terms on which
stipulatsd that thses terms would be valid
only IL all tho be1ligerents bound Them
selves within certain period to observe
The Russians Then fixed ten days az
the period in which the other bellfg-
erents were to decide whether to join
in the negotiations. but. although this
time elapsed January 4. nothing has
been heard from them.
Favorable to Germany.
Another telegram from Brest-Litovsk
states that informal discussions there
on Friday between the Germans and the
Ukrainians took a direction favorable
to Germany.
APetrograd dispatch to the Daily Mail
says that Gen. Nissel, head of the
French military mission. replied to
Foreign Minister Trotzky's complaint
respecting French military propaganda
by stating that certain news received
from Stockholm had been issued by q
young officer by mistake The general
promised that no such mistake would
be made again. NJ. Trotzky replied
with a demand that the officer in ques-
tion leave Russia.
The correspondent adds that 1t Is q
pity that some of the allied diplomats
pretend to ignore M. Trotzky. while
in fact they are obliged to recognize
his authority.
Referring to the same incident
Reuter- dispatch from Petrograd says NJ
Trotzky ordered the immediate closing
of the French bureau. the removal of
the wireless apparatus and the imnle-
diate recall to Petrograd Of French Of
fcers in the war area.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
VARIANCE IN VIEWS
Of WOOL SUPPLIES
Witnesses Heard by Senate
Committee on Causes of
Army Clothing Shortage.
USE OF sHoDDY ONE TOPIC

Conflicting statements regarding
available wool supplies were received
today Is the Senate military committee
in resuming it's investigation of Army
clothing shortages and the order of the
supplies committee of the Council of
National Defense for use of shoddy.
f,"- BY ,riSid economy in the use of WOOL
Winthrop L. Marvin OF Rvstcai 6eere-
tary of the National Association of
Wool Manufacturers. said. the supply
would tide over the present emergency,
and that If substitutes are used civil
ians and not the men in military serv-
ice should be required to wear substi-
tutes.
Alleges Wool Scare.
That a wool scare" has been caused
by those interested in shoddy. and that
there are and will be ample sopplies OF
wool for Army clothing was, on the
other hand. declared in telegram to
the committee from F. J. Hagenbarth of
Salt Lake City, president of the National
Wool Growers Association. He insisted
that there is no necessity for using
shoddy in Army garments.
That shoddy does not materially. de-
crease warmth but strength only of
clothing was stated by Mr.. Marvin.
For all practical purposes they are as
warm as all-wool." he said. adding that
shoddy is warmer than cotton, formerly
used in some Army garments.
Suggestion BY Manufacturers.
That wool manufacturers' commit
tee suggested cloth specifications to
the councils supplies organization pro-
vfding for use Of reworked wool, or
shoddy, as a wool conservation meas
ure, was stated.
said. is now about 3,OoO,0 1000. 900 pounds
annually. and decreasing, while its use
is constantly increasing. Late Depart
ment of Agriculture estimates. he said.
States of 2S5,0OO.OO0 pounds. against
2S8. 100000 last year. Great Britain. he
said. has assured supplies from Aus
tralasia.
In cooperating with julius Rosen-
wald, chairman, and Charles Eisenman,
vice chairman, of the supplies commit
tee. Mr.. Marvin said there had been
harmony as rule. Last September,
however, the manufacturers protested
that some inferior Army clothing was
being purchased. Mr.. Eisenman, he
said, explained that the sudden increase
in the number of men being called into
service had required large emergency
purchases, but that the committee was
ity as far as possible.
Testimony Is Contradicted.
Testimony recently given that the
supplies committees orders for use OF
shoddy had made Army clothing great
ly inferior and less warm was emphat-
ically contradicted by Mr.. Marvin.
1.-THE wool manufacturers committee
is responsible for the changes in speci-
hcations made by the supplies commit
tee and stands behind them," Mr..
Marvin stated, explaining that use of
shoddy was regarded necessary to con-
serve wool.
That there was any Interior motive
in recommending use of shoddy was
denied by the witness, who said no
advantage was secured by manufac-
turers' except that they could secure
supplies at lower cost
! ut was the purpose of the manu-
facturers' COMMITTEES to open govern
ment contracts to the country's entire
milling capacity" said Mr.. Marvin.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Cases From New York.

The cases from New York were those
of Louis Kramer. Morris Becker, Emma
Goldman, Alexander Berkman and
Meyer Graubard.
The first four were convicted OF at
tempting to induce others of draft age
not to register and an additional charge
of failure to register was made against
Kramer. who was sentenced to two
years Imprisonment. Becker was SEN
fenced to one year and eight months
in Jail, while Emma Goldman and Berk-
man were ordered imprisoned for two
years and a fine of $4,000 each. A one
year sentence was given Graubard for
failing to register.
Charles L. Ruthenberg, Albert Wag-
enkneght and Charles Baker were con-
victed in the Ohio federal district court
on a charge of inducing Alphons ].
Schue not to register. Each was SEN
fenced to one year imprisonment in the
Stark county workhouse at Canton,
Ohin.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Expresses Deep Appreciation.

Sunday himself expressed deep appre-
citation OF the confidence shown by Wash
1ngton in his ability. What we do may
not be the best way Of doing thing" he
said, but it is the best way we have
found Of doing 1t in twenty years. expert
ence. Each link in our process has been
forged at the anvil of hard work and ex-
perience. and we ask that you try to
make as few changes as possible
The meeting was concluded with a char
ecteristic rapid-fire prayer by Sunday that.
as one minister present told him laugh
ingiy afterward, contained more informa-
tion for the Lords benefit than any he
had ever heard. In this prayer the evan
gelist touched on nearly every phase Of the
world war and referred to the financial
warfare going on here between the land
lady and her boarder' as local echo of
that conflict
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Holds Informal Reception.

Following the prayer, the party lined
up and held an informal reception, which,
owing to the inciement weather, takes the
place Of the usual gathering held at the
Sunday homo in every city. The remainder
Of the day will be spent in recreation and
rest for tomorrow's two meetings Week.
day services at the tabernacle are two in
number, at 2 and z 80 pm.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
Three Big Audiences Hear
Evangelist Open Campaign
in Washington.
PEOPLE IMPRESSED WITH
PREACHER AND MESSAGE
No Services at Tabernacle Today.
Informal Reception at First
Congregational Church.

If well begun is half done, then
Billy Sundays long expected Washing
ton campaign will be landmark in the
capitals spiritual history. The eight
weeks series of meetings started yes
terday with rush, Billy preaching to
three big audiences, estimated to num-
Der altogether $4,000 persons. Every
thing worked like clockwork and there
seems to be no doubt that the people
were impressed with Sunday, and the
evangelist impressed with the quality
and quantity of his audiences.
No services are scheduled at the Taber-
nacle today, Monday being Billy's day Of
rest. However, he and Mrs. Sunday
headed the members of the Sunday party
who met with members of the local cam
paign committee and with clerical and
lay representatives of the cooperating
churches at the First Congregational
Church this morning. Each member was
introduced in turn and told Of what is
expected to be accomplished here and
how they expect to accomplish 1t.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
SUPREME COURT Of
u. S. UPHOLDS DRAFT
Chief Justice White Says Right
to Force Military Service
Is in Congress.
AFFECTS 13 INDICTMENTS

The selective service act was today
upheld as constitutional by the Supreme
Court of the United States.
The governments contentious that
the power given Congress to declare war
includes power to compel citizens to
render military service both at home
and abroad were sustained by the court.
Chief Justice White, who delivered the
unanimous opinion in a brief state
ment, declared that after considering
the various contentious the conclusion
had been reached that most of them
were imaginary rather than real.
The decision resulted from the ap-
peals of thirteen cases growing out of
convictions under the selective service
act, five coming from New York, three
from Ohio. four from Minnesota and one
from Georgia. Constitutionality of the
act was made the basis for all of the
appeals.
Evening star., 1918-01-07
WEATHER

Cloudy and somewhat colder tonight
and tomorrow; moderate northwest
winds.
Temperature last twentyyfour hours
ending 3 pm. today-Highest, 81. at
pm. today; lowest, so, at pm. yes
terday. i-aiASst11
Full report on page 16.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1918-04-09
Justice Rosenberg

That M. B. Rosenberg was cleo
ted Justice of the Supreme Court,
was cause for great rejoicing in
Marathon County and the City OF
Wausau, where he is known so well.
That he received a majority of 1000
votes in his home county showed
the esteem and confidence in which
he is held by his old friends and
neighbors. AS a member of the
Supreme bench since his appoint
ment by Gov. Philip, he has made
such a splendid record in fairness
and ability that his fame has spread
throughout the state. His oppo-
nent was known to be politician
and had been urged by the La
Folletteites and the socialists to
override the we'll known principle
that Judges who were in every way
capable, were to be reelected with
out the interference of politics. 1t
showed the good sense of the voters
of Wisconsin, to elect Justice Rosen-
berry by such an overwhelming
majority. There is one thing GER
tain-Justice Rosenberg will not
have to pass through another ordeal
of this kind during his life on the
Supreme bench. The Pilot joins in
congratulations
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1918-04-09
HELP IN $3.50
WHEAT PROGRAM
Thousands of Retail Grocers Sup
port Food Administration
Rules.
SIGN PLEDGE VOLUNTARILY.
New Wheat Saving Program Demand
ed - Allied Food Shortage In
ereases-America Must
Feed Fighters.
SIGN PLEDGE VOLUNTARILY.

Explaining the United States Food
Administrations new $3.50 wheat reg
ulations is a war time task the Ameri-
can grocer has gladly shouldered.
Many stores are already displaying
their Food Administration wheat saw
ing pledge cards, that they have sign
ed, agreeing to carry out the new
wheat program.
Each flour customer Is now reQuir-
ed to buy one pound of cereal substi-
tute for every pound of wheat -four.
The substitute may be Of one kind or
assorted. This $3.50 sale is made by
weight and not by value of the COM
modities There is, of course, no reg
ulation demanding the consumer to
buy wheat -four at all.
A wide variety of substitutes has
been provided: Cornmeal, corn -four,
edible cornstarch, hominy, corn grits,
barley flour, potato -four, sweet potato
flour, soya bean flour, Feterita -four
and meals, rice, rice -four, oatmeal,
rolled oats and buckwheat flour.
Graham and whole wheat -four con-
stitute an exception to the national
regulation. Either Of these commodi-
ties may be sold at TIE ratio Of three
pounds to five pounds Of wheat flour
that Is, five pounds of graham or
wheat -four counts the same as three
pounds OF the usual wheat flour.
Mixed flours form another excep-
ton. Where any -four contains so
per cent. or LEGS of wheat 1t may be
sold without any substitutes. Where
the -four is mixed at the rate of 80
per cent. wheat and 40 per cent. of
other ingredients an additional 20 per
cent. of substitutes must be purchased
by the consumer.
Where necessity 10 shown specially
prepared infants and invalid's food
containing -four may be sold.
That the approved substitutes may
be assorted is fact many grocers
and housewives overlooked for a time.
For instance, IL customer wishes to
buy "a pound sack of -four the nee
essary substitutes might be assorted
as follows: Cornmeal, s pounds; corn
grits, 4 pounds; rice. 4 pounds; buck
wheat, 2 pounds; cornstarch, pound !;
hominy, pounds; rolled oats, 8
pounds
None of the substitutes should be
considered as a waste purchase.
There are many household uses for
each. The eight pounds Of corrmeal
can be made into cornbread, corn muf-
fms or used in the baking Of wheat
bread.
Cornstarch is useful In making Gus
tard, thickening gravy or may be used
In cake baking. Corn grits fried like
mush forms delicious dish, or it may
be used in baking corn bread. Rolled
oats are used largely as breakfast por-
ridge or in oatmeal cookies or in
making mullins.
Buckwheat -four may be used In
bread making, forming an excellent
substitute for one-quarter of the
wheat flour, but is especially choice in
the form of buckwheat cakes for
breakfast.
With IL wheatless meals needed
each week in America to provide
enough wheat for the allies, the Food
Administration believes the substitutes
VIII all be used to advantage.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1918-04-09
Evolution of the Lamp.

Dr., Walter Clark of PhiIadelnbis
has recently made some interesting in.
vestigations to find out how the old.
time lighting conditions In his city
compare with those of today, saws the
Popular Science Monthly. He has dis
covered that until as late as 1885. only
nickering sperm oil and candles were
in use. Not until the following decade
did the highly improved kerosene
lamp appear. Gas did not come out
until the period between 1866 and 1874
And then only the wealthy could use
it. 1t sold at $3.50 per thousand cubic
feet. The efficient Ws,sbach mantle
came out ten years later, reyolutioniz-
Ing artificial illumination. The pres
emit era began in 1895, wnen gas and
electricity came into general use-gas
selling at 81 per thousand cubic feet
and electricity at 10 cents per kilo-
watt hour. Since that time the gas
mantle and the electric filament have
seen vast improvements. so that today
the average family is obtaining about
eighteen times as much light as the
people OF half century ago.