davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

Take, for concrete illustration, an acre which I myself raised, last sason and with which I kept a crude ac- counting. The labor cost, including blowing. narrowing. marking, planting by hand, cultivating, spraying with knapsack sprayer, and digging by hand, amounted to $29
 Seed potatoes, as you may recall. were very high. a year ago this spring. It took ten bushels to plant the acre, and they were selling readily for s4 a bushel.
 The actual producing costs for that acre figure up according to the fol- lowing table:-
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
EKONK
Mail Carriers Wife Takes His Place on Route During Hiss Illness Grange Members Visit PIainfield Grange.

As Rev. J. c. Pryor vas called to New Hampshire, Rev MT Cruze of New Haven substituted for him here Sunday morning and preached an able sermon. Mir. Cruze will go to France July 1st.
 Mrs. J. C. Tanner is much improved in health. Miss Margaret Tanner re- turned to her duties in 0neco post office this week.
 MT. and Mrs William Bixby, Mir and Mrs. Clarence Burdick, Herbert Bixby and Mir Allen of Providence were callers at Carrie Wilcox's re- gently.
 Thomas McCarty was calling on friends here last week.
 MT. and Mrs. George Frink of Woodstock were recent callers here. A merry party Of young people hung May basket to Miss Gladys Gallup Saturday evening.
 A Helpful Wife.
 Ed. Frink, R. F. D. mail carrier, was ill last week, and his wife substituted on the route. He is able to be on his | job this week. 1 Will Jarvis entertained his brother Fred of Providence over Sunday.
 June is a lovely time to drive i through the country.
 Edwin Gallup and family attended | the funeral of Mrs A. W. Williams in Danielson Sunday afternoon Mir. and Mrs. George Gallup, MT and Mrs. Carl Gallup and MT. and Mrs. Earl Gallup motored to Provi- denee Tuesday
 Grangers at PIainfieId.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

Now add to this $2o for overhead" :" according to our estimated scale down for New England conditions, and it brings the cost Of that acre of pota- toes up to s136.16.
 If my crop had been 100 bushels it can readily be seen that they would have cost me $1.36 a bushel. Fort unately, the yield was more than that. But not enough more so that can get my money back by selling them at a dollar a bushel. Consequently I am selling my surplus to my COW and hens who pay me, as I figure it. pretty nearly $1.50 a bushel in the way of milk, cream, butter and eggs for the potatoes they get.
 have no doubt some farmers, with natural potato soil, can raise them cheaper than I who have no such land and have actually to bully the crop into doing anything. On the other hand, l suspect there are some farmers whose crop cost them even more, by reason of losses from rot, etc.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

finger prints This method of identi- fication is also used in the military and naval services of the United States
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
Books

railroads and the factories, and not get pay for his own equally chargeable and equally inevitable overhead"
 THE FARMER
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

But, starting with these eight over head items which Mr. Ketcham has collated, each farmer can,- if he will, make. up his own table of his own overhead. If his farm is worth s5,000 instead of s1O,OO0, he can substitute $500 for $500 as interest on his land investment If he honestly considers that h3.s own farm knowledge and managing ability aren't worth thous- and dollars year, he can substitute any figure he does price them at. And so on.
 Suppose, by these and other changes, he brings his total overhead down so that it comes to only s20 an acre instead of $27.67, as in Michigan Then he will know that when he raises, say a hundred bushels of DO | tatoes on his acre, he has got tc
 charge that hundred bushels with s2C
 at the start before he begins to con slider the cost of seed and manure and 1 labor and delivery.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

Dr0P | little Free&one on an aehing eOrE, instantly that corn stops hurting, then you lift it right out. It doesn't hurt one bit. Yes, magicI
 Why wAiti Your druggist sells a ftny bOtth of Freezons for fe~
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

Of course, these Michigan figures would need some changes to fit New England farm conditions.
 The average New England farm is hardly worth $125 an acre. Nor do I believe that the average New England farmer has a working capital" of s500,-or $1oo either, for that matter. Changes would have to be made, one way or other, in some other items to fit eastern prices and rates of taxa tion.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

The point ] want to make, is not in regard to, particular items of par ticular production n-cost on particular farms. but that such cost is not cor rectly determined by simply adding up seed, manure and labor outgo. It must also include tl1e "overhead,' be- fore anything can be justly considered as profit.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
NORTH WINDHAM

". G. Stevens entertained relatives from Providence last week.
 Mrs. Generous and children of Hart ford have been visiting at Ed. Lar rows. The auctiol1-at Mrs Hints Satlir day was well attended and things brought a good price
 Miss Xelma Frink spent the week end in Manchester.
 Miss Mary Ann. Bornore. who has been ill, was able to attend church Sunday. ss.a s-i
 77- - 2 Charity that begins at home covers the most sins. .z
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

One man with whom talked re- gently along this general line, rather pooh- poohed the whole idea. We farmers have got to raise things. And we've got to sell 'em for what we can get. It don't make any difference what they cost us. The buyer won't give any more than he can get 'em for from somebody else" That was the gist of his reply.
 Sadly had to admit that there was force to it. So long as farmers refuse to co-operate in such a, way as to, at least secure an equal share in the power of price -fixing-so- long as they deliberately cut each others threats in order to make sales, so long they will be met by profteers perfectly i willing to skin them alive for the sake of their belts.
 But, even under. such conditions, fl is sometimes possible to make a choice between buyers. AS in my case. When Mir. Marketman would offer but a dollar bushel for my po- tatoes,-which had cost me more,- ] and didn't really want them even al that price. I tried them on old Brindle and the biddies in the hen yard, who soon made it clear that they wouli pay bigger money for them.
 Anyway, the farmer has the right to know whether his crops are pay. ing their way, or whether they art costing him more to produce than ht can get for them.
 He can't tell this simple little fact unless he knows what his overhead expenses are, and how much allowance to make. for them
 There is really no reason in goo, morals or good farming why he shoult be compelled to pay the overhead" o the retailer and the wholesaler and tn
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

After which aggression, let's come back to our text. In a recent issue of The National Grange Monthly the National Lecturer has an article which he titles, Introducing MT. Overhead
 As I understand it, overhead" as applied to producing costs by compe tent bookkeepers, means those items of expense which go on, whether pro- duction is going on or not. When q steel mill makes a ton of rails, say, it can figure how much the materials cost and how much the labor amounted to for that ton. But before any ton could be made a huge furnace had to be built. engines set up, built ings erected, steel converters in stalled, tools purchased, any quantity things were ready for production forces of buying agents had to pu+ n the field to arrange for supplies, and other forces of selling agents to mar ket the product. When production actually began tools and engines began to break or wear. etc, etc. While the steel maker might figure out what the iron and labor in each ton of steel had cost him, the reckon ing of the share it had cost ill each one of these other directions would be an almost impossible job So all these items. including interest, taxes, | insurance, wear and tear of tools, depreciation of plant, marketing ex- l penses, advertising. etc, go under the general name of overhead - sup 1 pose because they are going on all the time over the business's head. re- gardless of whether it is making money
 or not.
 | No factory owner or business man l ignores his overhead He can't. l For, if he does, overhead" will speed {! fly come down on his own head like
 a thousand of brick and smash him 1 into bankrup ptcy
 But the average farmer seems to
 that there is any overhead" in his 1 business than he does of the rate of l barge tolls on the canals of Mars. He doesn't know that such thing
 exists, or he has forgotten it, or he utterly ignores it.
 | He usually figures that, if the seed i and the labor involved in producing
 a bushel of potatoes has cost him
 ninety-five cents and he sells the l bushel for a dollar. he has made" five cents.
 l Yet as a matter of fact, he has usually lost anywhere from twenty to l thirty cents on every such transa ction
 And he's had to make good that loss | by donating his own labor for notl1- ] ing, or giving the use of his invested
 money without interest or return It is this curious phase of rural wronghe hea dedness which I have at Va rious times in the past tried to ex-
 pose. am therefore specially grate-
 ful for the powerful aid of National Lecturer Ketcham of the Grange. Mir. ketcham has been making .
 careful study of Michigan farms Here
 is his summary of the overhead" or an average Michigan farm of eighty acres costing s125 an acre. or S1o,0 ,00t
 in all:
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

MT. keteham admits that his fifth item, that of s1,0O0 for management, will he challenged by everyone who is unfrfendly to agriculture" But he declares, nevertheless, that it "con- tains the real meat of the whole farm ing proposition" For, he asserts, until agriculture is paid compensa- tory price for the head, power as well as the horse power involved in it, the present trend to the cities will in- crease. It is the highest patriotism to stress the consideration of over head in farming as in all other in dustries."
 Amen and amen, Mir. Ketcham!
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
(written Specially for The Bulletan)

(Written Specially for The Bulletsn)
 At last.-after long, years during which I have sometimes felt as T. l were, like John., the Baptist. just 4 voice crying in the wilderness, 5nd with no one to heed or notice.-l ind at least one other farmer who has woke up to the fact that farming has an "overhead'' just as truly as re- tailing or, manufacturing.
 Over and over again. in the past, I have read wild yarns of the immense profits certain farmers aIege them selves to have made. Over and over again I have had farming neighbo1 tell me, by word of mouth, how profit able some particular crop had been Invariably, wherever the actu@l figures were attainable, careful and reasonable comparison of total costs with total receipts has shown an er- tirely different result,-usually a mef% basatelle of profit, sometimes ar actual loss.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

. Interest on investment,
 per cent. t...............$ 6000 Interest investment on farm
 equipment, s1200. ....... 72.00 Depreciation equipment, 10
 per cent. ............... 12o.oo
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

The trouble has been that farmers, having once invested money in a farm plant, seem to forget all about th1t money. They act as if they con sidered the investment an end of l.: as if it were gone, vanished, sunk no longer to be taken into account.
 They often don't seem to see that they have a right to wages for their own labor. They throw it in" as non chalantly as if it were negligible trif1e
 They entirely ignore the taxes and insurance which the farm must earn for them before they can pay. They give no heed to the necessarily gnaw ing tooth of depreciation which is every year reducing the worth as well as the value of their equipment tools
 (No that isn't slip of the pen, nor a bit of tautology, that worth as wei as value" There's just as big differ ence between the worth of a thing and it's value as there is between the use fitness of diamond pendant and the price the jewelsr puts on it. A too may have small value" in the marke- sense. and yet possess great worth. 1 Or vice versa. For illustration: have bought at least four kinds O ] "weeders'' for hand use in onion rows 1 etc. They cost from fifteen to lift! cents each. When experience prove no one of them to have any "Worfn 1 comparable to their priced value
 made couple out of the points c 1 two worn-out old scythes, which art
 not only better and more handy, b': worth" ten times more, though thei
 sellable "value' would be nib
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
Granaers at pIainfieId.

Twenty one members of Pachaug
 grange and 21 from Ekonk grange visited Piainfeld grange Tuesday evening and furnisbed' the program
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
INTRODUCING MIR. OVERHEAD TO THE FARMERS

Depreciation and insurance
 on buildings and fences,
 s3,500, at per cent. 1l5.oO Mana cement of farm cal
 culated on same basis of
 any other business em-
 ploying similar capital. 100000 Cost of horse maintenance,
 3 horses during idle
 periods ................. 105.o0 Taxes on farm and equip
 ment at per cent..... 112.00 Interest on working capi-
 tai, $500, at per cent. 5000 Total s2,214o0 Per acre cost ............ $27.67"
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

No factory owner or business man ignores his overhead" He can't For, if he does overhead" will speed fly come down on his own head like a . thousand of brick and smash him into bankruptcy.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07

MT. ketcham has been making a careful study of Michigan farms Here is his summary of the ''overhead'' on an average Michigan farm of eighty acres costing s125 an acre. or s1o,0o0 in all:
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
INVERNESS ZEPHYR GINGHAM
 49c a Yard

thinq this season. and these Inverness pIaids were brought out to satisfy this demand. The paids greatly varied in coIOring and the color combna- lions are extremely pleasing. The oolors fast and the fabric launders well.
Norwich bulletin., 1918-06-07
EVERYTHING THAT IS CORRECT IN
 WASH GOODS
PRETTY NOVELTY VOILES

All the staple and the most attractive novel. ties make Wash Goods Department Mecca for the woman who realizes what style and value mean. Novelty Voile fills great place, being shown in de- signs and colo ings to suit the conservative buyeras well those who desire striking effscts. They are from 36 to 40 inches wide in cotton, silk cot ton, satin strip, pIaids figures and all over styles
 Prices from 29c to $1.25 Yard
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
MITIGATE !. ". WIN CHICAGO BOMB CASE Witnesses Saw John w. Will son Run Away From
 Post Office.

Chicago, Sept 6.-In a statement today Michael F, Sullivan. assistant states attorney, declared that John w.. Wilson, arrested last night had been positively identified as having been implicated in planting the bomb in the Chicago federal building. EXplo- sion of the bomb killed four persons and resulted in serious injury to a score of others.
 Wilson is a member of the I. w. w.. and is believed to have been private secretary to William D. Haywood. general Secertary-treasurer.
 Mr. Sullivan said Wilson had been identified by four persons aS the man seen running away from the entrance to the federal building shortly before the bomb exploded.
 Wilson and Mrs. Minnie Wymann. sister of William D. Haywood, were taken into custody in raid made on west side house.
 In keeping with a plan to safeguard all important public buildings, double guards were placed about the City hall, county building and jail last night.
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
MEN GO TO UPTON
 FOR SPECIAL WORK
Contingent Of 33 Limited Service
 Registrations Leaves for Long , Island Camp This Morning.

The local draft boards sent 33 men, qualified for special or limited mili- tary service, to Camp Upton this morning, the men taking the S:04 train at the local station. Tn the first district there were 14 men who went and in the second district the quota was 19. Following is a list of those who went:
 First district men: ,Stabislaw OraIik, 161 Broad; Albert Johnson. 265 High; Wladislaw Jamuskewicz,. 270 High ;; Henry c. Gustavson, 21 Wallace; James T. Kennedy, Westfeld; Mike Bondarak, IS Clark; Joseph Grabeck Springfield: Adam Brajczewski, 33O Broad; Carl Johnson, 45O Main; Mi chael Bednartsik. 94l Beaver; Francis Kokaszka, 21O Washington; Stanley Pilulk. 49 Grove; William Smith, 42O Main; George r. Lucksinger, 27 Web ster Hill.
 From tho second district: George F. F'reder 5 North: Louis HOrwitz, 23 Olive; Anthony Dorbuc1, Army Y, M C. A, Camp Jackson Colum bia, $. C.: Luigi Fabali. 209 Cherry; How ard Kilbourne. 17S5 Stanley: James McKenna, 139 Henry: Fernando Tint, 29 Pearl: Leonard Cafaratti 360 South Main: Stanley Traceski, 349 Elm st, New Haven: John Francis Coogan. 56S East Main; James F. MoIyncuN, .S9 Whiting; John Nazuelis, 43 Franklin :; Frank Buell., 75 Queen st.. Bristol; Francis McAvay, 12 Hurlburt; Roger C. Brewin, 133 Smalley; AXeI Oscar Anderson, 121 Dwight; Andrew Olgin, Hotel York; Andrew Daley, 3S7 Main; Ralph Kronholm, inducted from Seat tie Wash
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
CAPITAL OF GERMANY
 IN STATE OF SIEGE
Public Warned Against Giving Voice to Rumors ReheCting on
 Success of Army.

Amsterdam, Sept. 5.--A decree signed by General Yon Linsingen, command ant of the Brandenburg province, ac- cording to the Cologne Voll1s Zeitung, places the city of Berlin and the prov ince of Braadenburg under the law relating to state of siege which pro- vides for a fine or imprisonment for persons inventing or circulating untrue rumo ors calculated to disquiet the pop ulaCe.''
 A notice accompanying the decree calls attention to the circulation of frivolous and sometimes malevalant and traitorous gossip, exaggerating the transitory successes of the enemy and casting doubt upon Germany's power for an economic resistance and dapre- eating the wonderful achievements of the German troops, who, it declares, are victoriously withstanding the ene- my.
 General vOn Linsingen expresses ths hope that this admonitiOn will suffice and that it will not be necessary to enforce the decree. The VOlks Zeitun z adds that similar decrees have been is- sued in Breslau and other cities. all operative immediately.
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
Australians Go Over the So1nmc.

With the British Armies in France, Sept. 6., Noon.--(By the Associated Press) .--Australian troops have cross- cd the river SOmme on q wide front to the south of Peronne.
 British troops have captured the towns of St. Christ, Erie, I.e Mesnil, Doingt and Athies and now are ad- vancing to the east of those places.
 Along the whole front from it's southern extremity to the Bapaume- Cambrai road, the fire of the enemys big guns is dwindling. This indicates that the Germans are making stren- uous efforts to get their artillery be- hind the Hindenburg line.
 The British have captured more posts around Havrincourt wood.
 Tn many places north of the Sensee river the Germans arc firing thou sands of gas shells indiscriminately
 The Germans launched three coun- ter-attacls against Hill 3 in the Lys salient. Two were repulsed and once the British fell back to the north of the hill for a moment Farther north the British have reached the crest of the important ridge northeast of Vulverghem.
 West of La Bassec the British have reached CanteleuX and are pushing g ra aging and explosions are occurring over the whole area from which the Germans are retreating.
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
SOX AND CUBS MEET
 FOR SECOND BATTLE
Manager Mitchell and Chi cago Players Call Ruth
 Victory ''Fluke."

Chicago, Sept. 6.--With the Red Sox one game in the lead as the re- suit Of their victory yesterday, win ners of the National and American league championships faced each other again today in the second game of the last Worlds Series to be played for the dura ton of the war.
 Manager Mitchell of the Cubs and the players themselves were confident that the American league title holders would not be able to repeat this aft ernoon. They characterized the per formance yesterday of Babe Ruth as a "f1uke."
 the Red Sox, weer picked by the fans to start in today's contest. Neither manager would make known his choice definitely. The batting order, subject to the usual eleventh hour changes was as follows:
 Boston-Hooper, If; Shean, 2b; Strunk, cf; Ruth, If; McInnis, 1b; Scott, SIS; Thomas, 3b; Agnew. c; Bush or Mays, D.
 Chicago-Flack, If: Hollocher, ss; Mann, If; Paskert ct: Merllle, 1b: Pick. 2b: Deal, 3b; KilNfer, c; Tyler or Hendrix, D.
 Mays and Hendrix. respectively, were picked as substitutes for Bush and Tyler.
 Fair and warmer weather was pre- dicted.
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
HINDENBURG OBJECTS
 TO INK OFFENSIVE
German Commander Declares Allies Ars Spreading Harmful Rumors
 to Undermine Public Morale

Copenhagen, Sept. 6.-FieId Marshal von Hindenburg, according to a dis patch from Berlin, has issued a proc lamation to the German people G~s- claring the enemy, naddition to the armed offensive, is conducting an of fensive by printed matter containing most insane rumors'' which are dis tributed in Switzerland. Holland and Denmark, from which countries they are spread throughout the whole of Germany.
 The field marshal warns the peo- pie "to be unanimous against this en- emy who fights with scraps of paper and rumors to SOW dissension and dis union among ourselves and between Us and our allies," and exhort all Germans to remember "these posoned scraps come from the enemy.
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
GIRLS WILL HELP
 ON CONCERT NTGI
Young Women Volunteer to Sell IT cts, Programs and Flowers Whe
 French War Band Comes.

A number of young women, in ested in assisting the French E concert which is to be given at F theater on September 16, met night and agreed to act as ticket CTS, ushers, program sellers and f CT girls. Tickets will also be on at Kenney x Leghorn's store.
 The following will sell tick Misses Ebba Neri, Marion White, ( eVieve Anderson, Irene Byrne. A Murphy, Marjorie Cochrane, Lii Gold, Gertrude Pilz, Marion E Mary Monsees, Ella J. Moore, N Kiniry, Rita Cooney, Florence Gas Irene Dorsey, Grace Burns, Mrs phen Leo and Mrs. William r. N gan.
 The Misses Murphy Mary S1 and Madeline Caufeld will sell fl CTS and programs will be in the Ind of the Misses Cochrane, Byrne .Pilz and Mrs. Leo. The ushers be Misses Mary and Helen Mona Kiniry, Esan, Dorsey, Cooney, CI en. Burns, Mildred and GeneI Anderson, Moore, Neri, Gold White.
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
MARRIED IN HONOLULU.

Announcements have been received ini this city of the marriage of Lillian May Osgood, formerly a teacher at the high school, to Lieutenant Nicholas Manassy, which took place Thursday, August ,, in Honolulu, Hawaii. The bride is well known here where she made her home while a member of the high school faculty, living on Maple street. She came to this city several years ago to accept a position as French instructress at the high school, after teaching for some time in New York. After leaving New Britain she went to Honolulu. Lieutenant .Manassy is connected with the infantry of the United States army, and is a member of the officers reserve. The announce ments were sent by Mrs. Charles Cof- berg, an aunt of the bride.
New Britain herald., 1918-09-06
HOLLAND PROTESTS
 SINKING OF SHIPS
Dutch Minister to Berlin Directed to File Objections to U-Boat
 Activity.

The Hague, Sept. 6.-The Dutch minister at Berlin has been instructed to protest against the destruction by German submarines of vessel within what is designated as the barred zone, and against the sinking of seven Dutch fishing vessels on August 24.
 The minister also. has instructions to protest against the fact that the shippers of the fishing vessels were forced to sign a declaration the con tents of winch were unknown to them. The minister also will make re- quest for the goods taken from the fishing vessels.