davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1918-08-04
Eighteen to EOrty.nye.

Senator CHAMBERLAIN's announce
ment that the Secretary Of War will
recommend that the draft ages be
made from IS to As, and that bills
embodying the important change will
be introduced in Congress at once,
indicates that at last an important
and much debated question Is to be
settled, and In q sensible way.
The announcement comedies with
the report of the Presidents CONVEX
sion to the belief that youths between
10 and 81 should have military train
ing. Perhaps he has been convinced,
as are most military men. and as
Secretary BAKER Is, that the young
men just below voting age are won
derful fighting material. The SUN
has held that view for long time.
and has advocated lowering the age
to take these young men In.
The CONSUMPTION law, as originally
drawn, called for the services Of men
between 10 and 20 That is the real
over the top" age, although some
men preserve the spirit much longer.
Congress. after much discussion,
chose the ages of 81 and 81. but dis
cussion did not end with that deci-
sion. Never hns n subject before
Congress drawn forth such a variety
of opinion. All during June the Sen
ate rang with argument on a topic
thnt interests almost every household.
1t seemed us If every Senator had IL
theory of his own.
Making the ages IS and A. is sensi-
bic because 1t creates an elastic plan.
1t will add to the army II great num-
BIER Of young men under 81. These
are for the most part strong, willing
and unmarried. They have not yet
become important parts Of the In
dustrlal world; their places in bust
ness can easily be filed by middle
aged men or by women. They will
be more easily trained, more quickly
amenable to discipline, than are the
older men.
| Making the superior age 10 will be
of benefit to industry in certain ways
There are many unmarried men be-
| tween 81 and 4J-men without de
| pendentS-who can easily be spared
from their occupations. BY taking
these men into the army America will
put off the day, perhaps forever,
| when Ii will be necessary to draft
men under 81 who have dependents.
And that day would soon be here II
the reports are true that, under the
present draft law, the stream of men
going into the army will begin to
diminish in November. Perhaps this
is the reason why Congress has de-
clded not to wait until September to
renew the discussion, but to act now.
The average man over 40 may be
Of little use rs soldier in the field.
but he is well adapted for the less
strenuous tasks In the service Of sup
ply. and the service of supply may
| mean France or Arizona.
The recommendations of Secretary
! BAKER are broad enough to assure
America big army, and this coun-
try is not In the mood to put limit
on the size of our forces. We need
an army Of certain siZe-the size
that is big enough to whip Germany.
The sun., 1918-08-04
THE GREAT LYNCHING.
VIII President Wilson Attack the
Vote Lynchers Of the South?

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN--Sir: Since
the President has condemned the lynch
ing OF persons. mob action as against
the life OF American citizens, why not
60 further and as strongly condemn the
lynching, so long perpetrated by the
, South in the saddle democracy. OF the
constitutional liberty of the politically
mob ruled in tho disfranchised and
! repressed South?
Mob methods Of domination OF gov
eminent, government by a political
oligarchy. breed and inspire and en-
holden mob violence against persons;
while real democracy. a voice In gov
eminent. ballot rights, are the only
| safe guarantees OF the citizen from the
lawlessness and violence OF the man
hunting mob.
| The vote lynching mob Is productive
Of the man lynching mob. One Is as
contemplate as the other. Around TIE
ballot hinges and centres everything
that Is sacred to human rights Ia
America Tha ballot Is the voice in
our American democracy.
The ballot 10 essential in the selection
| of those who make and who execute
| ment. the repression methods OF tie
political oligarchy in the South, is the
very root of the lynching pas;ime IN
the South. Lynchers OF the liberty
guarantees Of the American Constitu-
| ton are equally as adept and practisei
| In lynching persons. In no other Sec
| ton OF the United States except tha.
| section dominated by the Southern OIL
garchy do we find this lynchng NJ ha,-
lot rights and this continued lynch!rs
| OF persons. The South In the saddle
democracy is both a brutal po.!tca!
au,ocracy and mobocracy is the reason
why.
A vigorous reputation by the rest y
the country of this system Of political
repression and OF this mob minority
government in the Southern States IS
what. to be effective OF beneficial re-
suits. is needed. Voice in government
and that only. Is what will enable ~.
repressed South to save itself from we
lyncher.
| Colored Americans will reraN -h'.
prior TO the 1912 Presidential, election
delegation headed by Bishop V ,'te''
was told by the Democratic candidate
for President that in the event q his
election he would treat all American
citizens alike. &c, No sooner had We
new Administration taken hold IN Wash
inSton than the policy OF sogreEa.HS
Government employees was adogted
DISTINGUISHED Americans want yo'
In government and they agree MAJ
those who repress voice in government
at home. who lynch the American cow
stitution and American citizens, -
the case with the South in the sadie
| Democratic party. are not 10 be aoct tea
''as the champion OF liberty either l..
ourselves or for the world Those ~
us at all Informed know thai '1s
Southern Democracy is not a proper
spokesman for democracy either -
home or abroad. To be consistent, -
mako the world safe for democrlcy go
hour has struck to clean house ~
homo and the occasion 20 beg'r '"'
house cleaning is in the comins con-
gressional election OF 1918.
| JOSEPH c. MANSlN1
| NEW York, August g.
The sun., 1918-08-04
A DERELICT.

A man Of many years, and old for
his years; a little above the average
size. and shoulders broad but rounded,
bent. His clothes. evidently the cast
of garments Of man still larger, too
big for him and very old and shabby;
Shrds tied around the bottoms Of the
trouser legs to keep them from drag
ging on the ground. Flannel shirt,
old hat. His earthly possessions.
whatever they might be, in a small
bundle wrapped in a newspaper and
carried under his arm.
He walked slowly: so slowly he
scarcely more than kept moving; he
made no exertion. Clearly he did no
work; and as the passersby looked at
him they wondered how he lived, how
and where he got his food, and where
he slept at night.
And yet he was not forlorn. Rather
he was tranquil. quite tranquil, as he
barely moved along. holding in his
teeth a corncob pipe, while stuck In
the lapel of his coat was tiny me-
tallic American flag; this flag, worn
and rusty, like his clothes, but still
showing its colors.
He was not a tramp. He was too
old for that. He lacked the latent en-
terprise and vigor that the tramp at
times may need. He was derelict
But his presence in this lovely park
showed him to be not insensible ia
the charms Of nature; that corncob
pipe revealed clearly enough that he
was not duled to other enjoyment
and the battered little flag he wore
betokened that there was still alive
within him the spark OF patriotism.
A derel!ct, but one not perhaps
wholly beyond hope Of saving.
The sun., 1918-08-04

Does any one ask. In doubt, or loving fear,
What day Is "Englands day"-that
shall command
A festival in her high honor planned?
Go, say that every day In all the year
Is henceforth hers-and ours--to hold It
dear!
Great mothorland OF this our mother
land
They do not need to pledge. to give the
hand.
Whose aims are one. whose kinship Is so
near!
Yet, II one day Of all were made our
choice.
Let It be that which saw. 1T Runny-
mede.
A grim king M his seal upon a scroll
That changed a world-gave the full civic
voice
Gave right the judgment by ones peers
to plead
Gave thee and thine, England. .
New Soul!
EpIrH n. THOMAS.
The sun., 1918-08-04
Courtesy in the Public Service.

In the circular letter of instruction
sent to the employees under his jurs-
liction by A. II. SMITH, the regional
director of railroads, the men are re-
minded that the abolition Of competi-
ton does not relieve them from the
obligation to he courteous, and they
are further instructed that:
perhaps in part this condition tof
inattentiveness to passengers and 9TH
ersl also is due to a mistaken feeling
that the Government is in a sense par
amount to the public. especially in time
Of war, and hence that there Is no &C.
casion for sofictude as to the public
attitude"
This warning has not come too soon.
though the conditions which have
called 1t forth do not exist on all rail
roads. 1t Is an Instructive fact
while they were In private control.
insisted on pollteness from employees
as part of their service to the public.
the tradition of good manners still
persists and influences the employees
in their attitude toward travellers.
But on roads on which manners were
bad before the Government took them
over there has been noticeable ten
dency toward even less considerable
behavior than has been customary on
the part of their workers. Mr.. SMITH
reminds the men that Director Gen
eral MCADoo wants to maintain not
only an adequate service, but COM
Portable service, and:
IAN essential part Of adequate and
comfortable service is considerate and
courteous treatment. tho saving OF every
individual from unnecessary hardship
and discourtesN"
1t IS unfortunately fact that many
Government employees do not display
ordinary politeness In their dealings
with the public. Their bureaucratic
brusqueness Is notorious. Trainmen
and ticket sellers should avoid It; and
II Postmaster-G General BURLEsoN is
wise he will act Mt once to prevent Its
introduction among the telephone and
telegraph operators who have come
under his charge.
The sun., 1918-08-04
THE QUISTCONcK.
A Phllologer Holds the Name ApprO.
pirate for . Hun Ship.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sr: 1t
Is we'll to call ships by names which
smack of the soil of America, and many
Indian names are euphonious and ap-
propriate for ship names. and 1t may
be interesting for the ships company
to know that the genealogical signin-
canoe of their ships name Is the habi-
tation OF the animal (which your
prophet the Nazarite drove tho devil
into" but "Quistconck," meaning 'the
place for hogs" would seem to be a
name better suited for a ship Of the
enemy. WILLIAM 8. WHITEHEAD.
NEW YORK, August 8.
The sun., 1918-08-04

A careful study Of recent writings by
German military experts reveals these
Illuminating details OF Prussian STRAIT
egy: The Kalsers soldiers retreated
in order to improve their lines; they
were forced to retreat because traitor.
Gus German prisoners had informed
General FoCH Of the Crown Princes
plans; they are not retreating; they
are retreating because their advance
proved the Allies could be driven back |;
they abandoned the Marine because 1t
is nothing but river. after all, with
as much territory on one side as on the
other; they withdrew across the Marine
because they discovered that there
were no Americans on its banks: they
retired because the Americans did not
know when they were licked; they
fell back because an advance is a mere
geographical conception; Paris Is
where 1t can be taken at will. and
they don't want Paris.
The sun., 1918-08-04

America, France, England, Italy and
the rest Of us-wlll win 1t, but Ger
many lost 1t herself with the one
stroke at Gemmenlch. She believed
it masterpiece of cunning 1t was
the foul thrust Of n coward and the
deliberate mistake OF q fool.
The sun., 1918-08-04
POTATO SEED.
Reformed Proofreader Turned
Farmerette Produces 1t.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: On
reading a letter in THE SUN entitled
Potato Seed" sub heading. "A Call
for a Reward of $1,000 Said to Have
Been Offered Last Year" ! want to
state that ! have in my possession
three seed balls which l picked from
my potato plants to-day. The plants
we're loaded with blossoms. and the pods
are from one plant.
When In business I was proof
reader. and as have developed into a
very successful faTmerette, and dis
covered such rare thing, l would like
very much to get in touch with the
author OF the award and 'call his
bluff" az have the real thing and
not a promise OF the seed ball.
h. r. I.
Rochelle PARK August &
The sun., 1918-08-04

The Hon. ]. HAMPTON MOORE. Repre-
sentative in the Congress from Phil
adelphia- will have his joke no matter
how serious the matter concerned. His
proposal to the Ways and Means Com
mittee to write into the new revenue
bill a tax Of So a bale on cotton easily
lands him at the head OF the class Of
Congressional humorists.
The sun., 1918-08-04

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuS-Sr I'
you think the restrictions on tive 80
OF sugar for making candy vii t''f'
chewing gum II is To hs hopeI ." =
It will not. as It might interters VIZ
the efficiency OF our conductoreuea
NEW YORK, August 5. QUpNl ~
The sun., 1918-08-04

Advertisement IN Aurora Bulletin.
Will party who borrowed our Wagon
without our knowledge please return same
as We are needing It?
TIE EARLY 4 DANIEL COMPANY.
The sun., 1918-08-04
Detail Overlooked.

Knicker-what do you think ~ IN. new
subway
Booksr-Nsarly perfect; II only lacks
barbsd wire entanglementa
The sun., 1918-08-04

The new City Hall cupola, having
refused to aid in the celebration of
both Fourth OF July and Bastile Day,
has been induced to shed the upper
half Of its scaffoldlng in honor OF this
anniversary OF the day on which Eng
land taught Germany lesson in the
sacredness OF treaties.
The sun., 1918-08-04
A Gentle Indiana Hint.

ROCHELLE PARK, August 3,
The sun., 1918-08-04

THE EVENING SUN. Per Month. ... $3.50
THE EVENING SUN, Per Year.. SOY
THE EVENING SUN (Forelgn) Per Mo. l.So
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1918-07-29
fRANC0-ANER|CANS ARE
MAINTAINING THEIR POSITIONS
EVERYWHERE DESPITE STRONG
GERMAN COUNTER ATTACKS
ENGINEERS ACTIVE IN
STIMULATING MINTERAL
PRODUCTION

New York, July 27.-Some 1000
mining engineers, members of the
American Institute of Mining Engi.
neers, are shoulder to shoulder in
the endeavor both to stimulate war
mineral production and to convert
minerals to the highest possible ser
vice in the war. In an effort to In
crease the scope of this war service
the American Institute of Mining
Engineers will meet in Colorado dur
ing the week of September End tC
take up vital problems Of immediate
importance
Mining engineers from every sec
tion of the country will attend. Dur
ing the meeting, trips are to be
made from Colorado Springs to the
Cripple Creek district, Pueblo, the
Leadville district, and Boulder. The
weeks session will open in Denver
on September End and will that
evening move to Colorado Springs
which will be the principal head
quarters for the duration of tht
meeting.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1918-07-29
RECLAsSIFICATION
OF PHOSPHATE ORE

Washington, D. c., July 27.-Easier
freight rates on ground phosphate
have been asked from the U. S. Rail-
road administration following a re-
mort from the Agricultural Advisory
committee to the secretary OF agri-
culture. This stated that the COM
mittee was of the opinion that ground
rock phosphate and acid phosphate
should have the same freight classi-
fication as agricultural lime, taxing
sn increased freight rate of l cent
hundred pounds, instead OF an IN
crease of 25 per cent, as applied 70
general commodities, and it was di-
rected that request be made OF the dl'
rector general of railroads that tne
desired classification be granted
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1918-07-29
Americans Crossed The
Ourcq And Take Three
Towns Beyond

hesitate to plant at least 100 acres In
licorice this fall and 1t would yield
immense profits unless ] am mistak-
en-. The crop will bear in twelve to
eighteen months from the time of
planting. In Italy the plants thrive
best at sea level and in the tropical
climtes, on elevations not higher than
the Everglades here"
Mr.. Casa stated that he is to leave
for New York next Friday on busi-
ness which will keep him away about
six weeks, and when he returns he
will probably bring some l Italian
workmen with him.
On Tuesday Mr.. Casa, accompanied
by ]. II. Tatum, Mr.. Nix of Home
stead, P. b. Mangoes and a photog-
rapher, visited the Italian and Rus.
sian colonies several miles above Mi.
ami on the canal, going about 35
miles to the most remote of the col.
onies They made observations of
work being done and took photo
graphs which will be used In the de.
velopment of interst in the properties
, among people of the cast. One OF
the photographs shows the ditching
machine digging lateral bitches in
the Italian colonys broad acres, con
Meeting the sections with the canal
These bitches are about five feet
wide and the same dpth. There are
| photographs of interesting scenery
of hogs and chickens on the Watson
place, Of castor beans growing at
great height and luxuriantly, of the
cattle at 6right's farm, canal views
md pictures of the dredge at work in
The canal. All of these will be as
sembled and used to the best posi-
BILE advantage.
On the Italian tracts work has be-
gun on several houses, and the later.
al ditching, which is being done un.
der contract by the Bascayne Engi
neering company is the first of that
immediate section of Florida.
The big tractor secured for the
use Of the colony is being put in
shape to begin work soon. 1t will
Flow, borrow and cultivate the land
at the rate Of ten acres a day This
colony expects to plant large acre
age the coming season, and will raist
whatever vegetables seem to be ir
!. greatest demand in the market.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1918-07-29
AIR MAIL ROUTE WEST Is
PLANNED BY GOVERNMENT
Reduction Of Postage Rate to 16 Cents
Looked for When Service Is Ex-
tended by the POstOffice

New York, July 20. The perform
ance Of the air mail carriers be-
tween New York and Washington has
been such as to justify further de-
velopment of this service in other
parts of the country.
A volume Of business large enough
to warrant will bring other air routes
into operation and at the same time
airpost rates will drop. II 100000
people in the United States would
send letter a day by air mail the
result would not only permit extend
inng the service east, west and south,
but would provide continuous train
ing for at least 300 aviators.
Letters can be sent to any city
south OF Washington by airpost from
New York. They make connections
with regular postal routes and arrive
many hours before mail sent all the
way by rail. The same Is true OF
mail sent via Philadelphia to points
west and also to points In New Eng
land via Washington.
The following new routes are under
consideration now:
Washington to Chicago via Wheel
ing, w. Va, and Lima, o. One day
can be saved in the delivery OF mall
by this route. The time will be cut
down still more by establishing routes
from New York to Boston; Philadel-
phia to Pittsburgh and Cleveland to
(, Detroit.
The cost for service by airplane at
present is II cents per ounce. Ten
cents is added for special delivery
service and cents for regular pos
tage, total of "a cents.
A reduction of the rate Is now un-
der consideration by Postmaster Gen.
eral Burleson, who hopes to lower II
to l6 cents for the first two ounces
and cents for every additional
ounce.
At present special delivery letter
requires 10 cents postage. When tho
airpost rate is cut 1t will be only 3
cents more than service by rail, and
letters will be delivered from one to
two days sooner.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1918-07-29
GROW LICoRIcE
IN EVERGLADES IN
NEW SCHEME
Casa Has Sent To Italy For Paintings
Big Tractor Secured To PIow
ON 1,000-Acre Tract

Miami, July 29.-"There's no rea-
son why the United States should be
importing licorice root, when the
Everglades of Florida will produce
35 to 40 tons to the acre" said d. L.
Casa, representative Of the Venice
Farm company, this morning to a
Metropolis representative.
81 have sent to our plantation in
the south of Italy for supply OF the
roots" he continued, "ant expect
enough to make a planting on an ex-
detrimental scale this fall on portion
of the 1000 acres held by the Italian
colony up the Miami canal.
"The licorice plant is bush, with
long roots which can be dug every
wear Roots left in the ground au-
tomaticcally re-plant the tract, and
no cultivation is required, as If it
were il would disturb the growth OF
the roots. As the plants are more
vigorous than any weeds, they are
able to take care of themselves. Con-
ditions here In the Everglades are
| the same as in Italy where the llc'
orice is grown, and the markets oil
the world will take all that can be
raised. Licorice root is used as
sweetening in plug tobacco, as a SUD
stitute for sugar in many ways ana
is valuable as medicine in cases OF
stomach troubles and colds. Fol
confections it has great demand. Ur
to the present time the supply in the
United States is entirely imported.
"An advantage in growing licorict
for the roots is that frost Will no
bother the plants, and probably wate
will not injure them. If it were no
for the present war, and I could ge
all the roots l wanted, ! would no
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1918-07-29
Allies Push on Beyond Fere.en'
Tardennis
(By Associated Press.)

With the French Army in France
noon, July 29.-The Allies pushed on
beyond -Tardenois this morn
ing and maintained positions every
where in the face of strong German
counter-attack. The village OF sergy
southeast of Fere, changed hands four
times, finally remaining in possession
of the allies. An extremely Vioien'
artillery duel is in progress tnis
morning north of ourcq as far az
scissors, and south Of the ourca the
guns are also busy.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1918-07-29
TWO BILLIONS PER MONTH
ESTIMATED COST OF THE WAR
Receipts for the Current Fiscal Year,
1t Is Figured, VIII Fall Below
Requirements by Eleven Billion

Washington, July 20. A grand to-
tai of $4S,6S3,269,275, or more than
so, 1000, 100000 monthly, or $65753,424
a day, Is the estimated cost of the war
to the United States until June 30,
1919. This sum includes appropria-
tions, contract authorizations and
loans to the Allies since the declara-
ton of war in April, 1917, as com
piled by Chairman Sherley of the
House committee on appropriations
To date the present Congress has
provided total for the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1919, Of $29,791 ,241,-
I773, Of which $2t,32S,761.427 is in
cash and $5,462 ,6SO,346 is in contract
authorizations to be met by subse
quent appropriation.
For the last fiscal year, which end
ed June 80, 1918, total Of $1S,s92,O27
sol was appropriated and authorized
OF this sum but $13,5S1,7O2,4n hat
actually been expended at the end o.
| the fiscal year, leaving balances fol
1918 of $5,31O,315,O30, which will b'
used to cover unfulfilled contracts o.
turned back to the federal treasury
Estimated Receipts
The receipts estimated for the flsca
year ending June 30, 1919, from taxe
and bonds In sight now will tota
S1S,161 ,636, 500, or about $11,000,0OO,
coo short of the required expendi
lures. This difference will be made VI
by raising approximately $4,O00,00O,
900 in taxes and $7,0OO,O00,000 il
bonds.
OF a total of $22,000,O00,G00 Ii
bonds authorized, including $4,000.
l000,000 to be lent to our Allies, $12,
lC21, ,214,200 remains to be issued
Added to this sum is 1882, 2,907.609 o
war saving stamps not yet issued
making a total of $13,714,121,S 800 Il
bonds and stamps already authorizes
tc furnish revenue for fiscal yea
1919 Under existing tax laws 81,
O97, ,715,OO0 more can be counted or
and also an additional $349 100000 Il
postal revenues, a total of $1S,161,636,
sO9 available revenue.
Mr.. Sherley said that while the ex
penditures and authorizations ar
nearly thirty billions of dollars. "th
amount of expenditures in the mex
fiscal year will not necessarily reacl
any such total.
"In point Of fact" he added. 9Th
probability is that such expenditure
will be at least five or six billions o
dollars less than that amount.