davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-05-17
URGES DIXIE HIGHWAY FOR AUTO
TRANSPORT AS MOST PRACTICAL

Savannah Man Tells of Transcontinental Route Part Of
Road System in Is Counties; Points Out Its Mill
tary Features Asks for Members; President
Roe Tells of Auto Clubs Activity.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
FARMERS HOLD FIRST LINE TRENCHES IN FOOD ARMY
BEST TO GROW OWN PROTEIN

ting cannot be harvested in good con dition, on account of weather fcondi- tions, sufficient amount of the see- ond and subsequent cuttings should be saved to supply enough feed for the hogs
 Rye sown in the fall makes good pasture for hogs. AS soon as it is three or four inches high the hogs can be turned in and left until snow covers the field.
 Rye also provides good pasture in early spring In the southern states Abruzzi rye is recommended. as it makes q rapid growth and heavier fo- liage than other varieties.
 CUT SOY-BEAN HAY EARLY
 Soy beans are valuable to take the place of other protein feeds usually purchased. They make a very satis- factory feed when the beans are fed thrashed, or as hay. or when ground as meal Soy bean hay. to be most satisfactory, should be cut early enough to avoid the popping out of tho seeds. The leaves and the seed both will be readily eaten when handled in this amnner.
 In the southern states peanuts are quite extensively grown and make a good feed when used as grazing crop or fed in the form of meal Velvet beans are largely raised in this section of the country and it is recommended that they be left in the field and grazed.
 Dwarf Essex rape and oats can also be used successfully in the south as 8 forage crop. Either can be seeded from the last of August to the last of Ser- tember Cotton seed meal can be very successfully used in connection with corn as hardening feed for period not to exceed 30 days.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22

or lost life or limb in this victorious food drive, but hundreds of thousands of them. by increasing their acreage and extending their crop beyond the danger point, risked bankruptcy, and thousands of them, owing to drouths, early frosts, and other adverse conditions, actually went broke But like the patched-up wounded at the front, these unconquer- able 'hayseed patriots todayy are all practically back on the food firing line, perhaps heavily mortgaged or working
 as hired men, but each and all doing their utmost to produce the food which | is to keep the armies of civilization strong for battle. as they fight their way to victory and peace by way of Vienna and Berlin.
 This years American food crops es- pecialy wheat. give promise of beinr larger than last years by a comfortable percentage All varieties of live stock, likewise, have greatly increased in mum bers In spite of heavy expectations If horses and mules. the number remain l ing in this country increased by nearly 800 GOO; milk cows increased 390000. while other cattle increased nearly 100000 Sheep increased 1,300,oo0 and swine in
 creased 100000.
 For the incomparable showing made by American agriculture the farmer him. self by all means de0erves first credit But in all his efforts he has been con- stantly stimulated, aided and abetted by the President, the Congress sof the United States, the federal department .ot agriculture. the state agricultural colleges and experiment stations, the state de- partments of agriculture of the various states, the various farm organizations throughout tho country. and an active intelligent, and highly patriotic agricul- tural press"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
Big Peanut Crop

5 Despite the dry weather, south Alabama is going to make a big peanutscr crop. This is the report brought back by party of extension workers who have just made the trip in a Ford through the principal peanut producing regions of the state. The members of the party were J. F. Duggar, director of experiment station and extension service; J. J. Watson. markt specialist; H. B. Tisdale, plant breeder, and M. H. Pearson, one of the crop specialists. These men constitute ,,the committee appointed by Professor aDuggar in the early part of the summer to devise and submit plan for the selling of peanuts by grades instead of simply ;.s peanuts. Numerous samples of peanuts collected and studied by this committee, together with the proposed grades, were submitted to groups of farmers, bankers. oil mill men and other Union Springs, Enterprise and Ozark. uniou Springs. Enterprise and Ozark. By invittaio.. these groups of men crit icised the proposed standards and graded the samples according to the ideas of each individual.
 Y That beth buyers and sellers would profit by the adoption of definite stand ards for the commercial grading Of pea nuts, was strongly expressed by those men who took part in these conferences, and they urged the extension service to continue its work along this line. Thsse practical men made many helpful sug. gestions which, when generally approved by those present, were incorporated inta the proposed standards. It is exported to have the final draft of the proposed grades ready to submit by or before Sep tember to any parties who desire to make q trial Of the matter by actually using z such standards.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
Value of County Agent

The establishment of cooperative creamery in Wilson county. Tennessee, less than two years ago and the suc- cess 1t has attained is an example of the benefits county agents are giv- ing the farmers they serve. Two years ago there was very little dairying in Wilson county, only three men being engaged in shipping cream and one shippig milk. Through the efforts of the local county agent, dairy extension specialists, and a number of interested farmers a cooperative creamery was established which now has 229 regular patrons. From, this start cow-testing association, one of the best in the state, has been organized; 46 silos were built last season and number of dairy barns were replanned and furnished with modern dairy equipment Three pure- bred bulls have been brought into the county and several men bought new dairy cattle. The creamery manufac- lures as much as 500 pounds of butter a daya The patrons received last win ter 50 cents a pound for butterfat, whereas two years ago they were re- ceiving 16 cents pound for country made butter.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22

Carl Vrooman, Assistant Secretary Of Agriculture, in an address August 2 be- fore the Lake Forest County Farmers institute in Lake Forest. III, said:
 "In 1917, by producing 100, ,0O0.OOO bushels more of food crops than usual, the Amer ican farmer kept the allies from famine and defeat, and thus saved civilization. This fact is not general realized, even by we'll informed city people, for the sim pie reason, as stated by Secretary Hous- ton, that farmers are not spectacular performers. They do not furnish sensa- tions and headlines. They work in season and out of season. from early morning until dusk but they do not work in the Imelight'
 II sometimes wonder what percentage of our urban population realize that America's greatest contribution to the allied cause, during our first year of war, money, but the part of our gigantic emer- gency feed crop we were able to ship abroad It may sound strange to those who have not taken pains to look into the matter, but the truth is, if this na- ton had been able to lay the foundation of military preparedness as thoroughly as 1t had those for agriculture, 1t would have been able to mobilize it's fighting men and it's industrial resources more rapidly and would have been able promptly after entering the war to have furnished millions rather than hundreds of thousands of thoroughly equipped men for the assistance of the allies.
 Three federal departments were in po- sition quickly to mobilize for war-the navy department, the treasury depart ment and the department of agriculture. This was because these were the three departments for which Congress had en- acted the most effective preparedness eefslationsbDefore the war
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22

\ would not think of intimating that the farmer is any more patriotic than the city dweller, but it is only fair to say that recent events have demonstrated that the farmer is as patriotic as the best. and that when the storm broke he
 was better prepared for actual war work than was any other class of citizens.
 a.In truth, the day after war was de- clared when as yet we had only 10000 soldiers, and while tho navy was still on A peace basis, 6,000,000 farmers and their families were mobilized in the fields and furrows of America, where they l have been fighting from dawn until dark
 every working day since. "Our 1000, ,000 0o0- -bushel increase in rood
 crops was brought about in spite of the fact that when war was declared many I of the crops already had been planted
 and all of them had been decided upon and prepared for. Moreover, this grand oise harvest was not due to unusually favorable weather conditions. The wheat crop. owing to drouths in the wheat belt, wheat diseases and the largest percent age of loss by winter killing ever re- corded. was almost failure: while the corn crop was nearly undone by g late spring an excessively moist and almost
 sunless summer. and early frosts nearly everywhere in the corn belt.
 SOME FALL BUT FIGHT ON .sour phenomenal food crop last year
 was due primarily to the patriotism. sweat, and pep of the Americbh farmer,
 who from April until Novemper had the undying honor of constituting America $ first line of defense, of occupying the front line trenches of Americas slowly forming battle line.
 "Nor was this brilliant quasimilitary achievement gained without casualty list. It fss true that no farmers risked
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
Must Help Out Texas

The cattle situation in Texas is again serious on account of the drouth Prof c. s. Templeton of the Alabama hus- bandry department of the Alabama ex- tension service having just received a telegram from Chief Rommel of the ani- nal husbandry division of the United States department of agriculture. con taining this information. The informa- tion is that large numbers of cattle are has so reduced feed crops as to make 1t essential. While this drouth does not extend throughout the entire state, yet the part that is hardest hit is the cattle region of the state. it fiji
 It will be recalled that this same sit uation existed last year, and a large number of tEese cattle were shipped out of Texas into the southeast, where they were fed during the winter, largely on velvet bcans. It is urged that all who have available feed to take care of more beet cattle than they already have, and who are at all interested along this line, ar range at once to buy some of these cat tie. It will be a patriotic act, as well as a good business proposition, because these cattle are not now in the proper shape to be slaughtered. but unless other sections buy them from these Texas farmers and feed them for awhile, they will have to go to the slaughter houses.
 The Alabama extension service urges that every Alabama farmer, who is inter ested along this line, le, Professor Tenn pleton of the animal husbandry depart. ment at Auburn know about how many cattle he wants, the size, kind. etc, and Professor Templeton will put him in touch with the proper parties to make the purchases. If additional information is desired about these cattle before decid- ing whether or not to buy, Professor Tempeiton will be glad to answer all questions s$
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
MODERN HIVES FOR BEES BEST

Hundreds of thousands of bee colonies, representing about third of the num- Der kept in the United States. are housed in log gums and in box hives, and produce for their owners an insignificant amount of honey compared with what they might do if they were transferred to movable frame hives and handled by improved methods.
 If all the beekeepers now using box hives would adopt the modern type of movable frame hive they could not only secure more profit from their bees for themselves but would add many millions of pounds of honey to the nations sup ply, according to farmers bulletin 96t, Transferring Bees to Modern Hives" by E. l., Sechrist, recently published by the United States department of agriculture. The bulletin describes a number of the best methods of transferring from old to new hives Much of the honey pro- duced by colonies in box hives is wasted by crude methods of securing the crop the bulletin states, and these colonies are reduced in earning value by uneon- trolled swarming and by the annual loss of bees in winter because of lack of protection and sufficient food stores.
 TIMES FOR CHANGING.
 While bees may be transferred at any season when they are active. the bulletin states that the best time is during the season of fruit bloom when the combs contain little honey. and when the bees will gather nectar rather than rob honey from a hive which is being transferred. Another good time for transferring is im- mediately after the first swarm of the year when the number of bees in the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22

hive is greatly reduced and when there is no danger of losing or injuring the queen. She goes with the swarm, leav- ing queen cells in the hive. Transfer
 ring when robber bees are active requires that the work be done inside screened or bee-tfght building
 METHODS OF TRANSFERRING The bulletin describes five methods of transferring. One consists in cutting tho combs from the box hive and placing them in new movable frame hive and transferring the bees by shaking or drumming them from the old hive An other way is to drum the bees out and move them to new hives which have been previously provided with full sheets of comb foundation. The third method consists in catching the swarm as it issues from the old hive and immediate ly putting it in tho new hive placed on the old stand. In the fourth method the
 new hive containing comb foundation IS
 placed on the old one and an opening. for the bees provided between the two.
 The fifth method requires little spe- cial equipment. and takes advantage of the fact that in some localities the bees are almost sure to swarm. Place the new hive near the old one and provide it with a queen trap near the entrance in such a way that when the bees swarm the queen will be caught and the worker
 bees automatically will enter the new hive Ne
 These methods are described in detail in the new bulletin, which will be sent free, so long as the supply lasts, on application to the United States depart
 mont of agriculture. Washington, D. C.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
How to Select Seed Corn

Seed corn should be selected from stalks standing where they grew. because only then. with certainty. can seed be ob- tailed from:
 Stalks that have a tendency to yield well, as shown by their superiority over surrounding stalks, that grew under the same conditions. (Such seed inherits high producing power).
 Stalks without suckers. (Such seed produces fewer suckers than seds from sucker bearing stalks.)
 Storm-proof stalks with ears at de sirable height.
 Seed corn should be selected as soon as It natures because:
 Desirable stalks, especially early ma turing stalks with hanging ears. are then most easily found.
 Warm, dry weather may cause kernels to sprout before drying.
 If the selection is delayed in the south the ears may become infested with wee $ils, grain moths and their eggs
 It is as easy. more satisfactory and much more profitable than selecting from cribs in the sprng
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22

you can apply the responsibility to your case.
 You have occupied and do occupy the first line trenches of the food army. You have to fight diff :iculties, too. l am not unmindful of these. In the department of agriculture we consider them daily, and daily we give our best efforts to help
 you meet them. You know of the diffi- culties in your community, but know of
 them in many communities of many
 states, and so seriously do they impress
 me that might almost consider them
 insurmountable had not American farm CTS last year, ard again this year, re vealed the true American fighting spirit and ability to meet serious situations They will not let the war fail because oi deficient food production.
 Let us SOW literally for a big harvest in 1919. It has been called the Liberty Wheat Harvest. We all hope it will be But let us undertake the task with the determination that we will sweat our
 blood for many more if need be before we yield one measure of our freedom tc | a Prussian domination. Let us fight ir the furrows. D. F. HOUSTON. l Secretary of Agriculture.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
OFFICE OF isroRMAr,oN

In order to back the boys lover there and help feed our millions of allies in war-ridden Europe, Secretary of Agri- culture Houston sends out the following appear to the farmers of America:
 To the Patroits of the Farms:
 You are asked to undertake another of fensive-to go lover the top this fall for a great harvest of wheat in 1919. need give only few figures and facts to inn press you with the increasing and urg- ent need of our people, cur armies. the allied peoples and their armies for large supplies of. American wheat
 Our reserve supply or carry-over from the 1917 crop is practically exhausted and is the smallest on record. The need If building up reserves of wheat is <evi- dent. Although this country produced a small crop of this grain in 1917 the to- tai exports of wheat in excess of im- ports, including flour in terms of wheat, amounted to approximately 100000, ,OOC bushels for the year ending June 30, 1918. This is in comparison with IFS, ,Ooo bushels exported in 1917, 236,0o0,000 bush- els in 1916, and 331 100000 bushels in 1915. It was possible for the United States to export wheat in large quantities in 1915 and 1916 only because of the large
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
SOME FALL BUT FIGHT ON
Testing New Twine

Yucatan sisal monopolists may awake somed ay to find, that their market for sisal fiber in this country has been cur tailed greatly. Folfowing the announce ment that experiments are being made in the use of hemp for twine comes the announcement that one of the large twine manufacturers is experimenting with a new type of binder twine composed of half paper and half fiber. The fiber may be manilla, sisal or other hard fiber. Kraft paper is used for the paper part of the combination. This twine Ia be- ing tested at number of points in the grain belt this year. and the reports from the field are said to be quite favorable. All of these experiments in the use of new materials for twine are attempts to escape from the outrageous prices for sisal fiber fixed by the Yucatan sisal monopoly.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22

crops of 1912-13-14-15. which gave this country an accumulation of stocks of this grain. Both the 1916 and 1917 crops were smaller than any crops since 1911. and besides this there was greater demand for seed wheat and an increased population to be fed.
 Moreover, 1t must be borne in mind that the carry-over in all the 10 import ing countries in Europe was practically exhausted this year before the new harv- est: that the normal requirements of the exporting countries are increasing in stead of diminishing; that some losses in storage and transit may be expected to continue; and that it is highly desir- able that surplus should be accumu- lated as insurance against partial crop failure next year.
 You have been asked to SOW to winter wheat this fall not less than 6,000,0Oc acres-an increase of 2 per cent over last years sowing--and the department has suggested that an even greater area 47, ,500O00 acres, is desirable. The in creased planting asked of each state has been carefully determined with regard .c it's local conditions and it's reasonable capabilities Your county agent can tel you the quota assigned to your state and
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
COMBATING WEEVILS IN SEED

or shelled soon afterwards. Storing the pods does not confne the weevils. Inn
 mediately on placing the seed in storage,
 fumigate with carbon disulphid or carbon
 tetrachlorid. These chemicals when ex-
 posed to the air vaporize into a heavy
 poisonous gas which immediately kills the weevil. Carbon disulphid is the more
 generally used though carbon et- rachlorid has the advantage of not pe-
 ing inflammable Seed to be fumigatea should be placed in an air-tight con tainer, such as a tin can or barrel The chemicals used at the rate of from two to four pounds to each 800 cubic rect ol space to be funigated, should be poured over the top of the seed and fumigation
 should continue for from "A to 4S hours As weevils breed generation after gen.
 eration in stored seeds, the seeds shouio
 he watched to make sure that they oo not become reinfested. In such case 1un- igation should be repeated.
 KILLING BY HEATING
 When there is only a small quantity of seed the weevil may be killed by neat ing the seed in the oven for several hours. The oven should not be nottel than 120 to 145 degrees F. Dipping seed in boiling water for one minute Is also an effective remedy. Weevils will not feed or cause damage at low tempera- lures and if seed can be kept in cold storage at a temperature of 32 to 43 de grees F. no trouble from this pest wit result. In the southern states, where weevils cause such great injury to stored seeds. certain farmers have resorted te mixing their seed cowpeas with dry roac dust or air-slaked lime, which prevents l weevis from developing to multiply n storage. This method cannot be used when the seed is intended for 1000 Seeds once treated should be stored III l rooms free from adult weevils. or piaceo 1 in tiebt barrels or sacks made of close | lv woven material, and should be ex- amined occasionally as guard agains'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-22
Up-to-Date Farmers

Many Alabama farmers are making their homes more comfortable by putting in lighting and watering systems. accord
 ing to reports of county agents sent to extension headquarters at Auburn. In Coosa county MT. Kile of Kellyton has
 recently put in his home both electric lights and water works, and 1t is one of the finest systems of light and water that can be found in the county. says Demonstration Agent S. M. Day. County
 Agent C. M Floyd has assisted MT. Louis Whatley in putting in system of waterworks. Several other farmers are putting in acetylene gas lights. Thus
 is the right idea, because the farm
 home should be made Just as comfortable and attractive as the city home.
 County Agent Frank $. Long of Sum-
 ter reports that MT. R. D. Scott of that county whips the boil weevil going an1 coming. At the suggestion of MT Long he planted corn in his cotton middles in late June with the idea of blowing up the cotton about July 15 if it looked as though the boil weevils would destroy 1t. A good stand of corn was secured, but was plowed up July 20, because MT. Scott believed that the alternate rows of cot ton had already set enough bolls to produce bale of cotton to the acre de- spite the weevils While this course costs Soi1etHiHS' it IS h saActy iiSt iuca' The annual meeting of the Union Springs Hog Sales association was re- gently held and the officers were elected. MT. James A. Mcleod. county demonstra- ton agent, was elected as secretary and treasurer. MT. Mcleod states that the farmers of Bullock county expect to sell
 at least twice as many hogs through
 the association this year as were sold 1 last year.
 Peanuts are being grown quite exten-
 sively in Marion county, says Agent c. | w. Frederick. Last season a picker was bought by the Sunny Home Better Farm CTS association for the use of the com-
 munity. but it was found that one ma
 chine could not very well handle all the
 peanuts. Therefore, this association will
 purchase another picker right away, so
 as to be able to handle promptly and ef- | fciently this seasons crop