davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
SOAP FROM PRAIRIE DOGS.

Denver. Colo. Dec. 5.-Two Victory
girls. 8 and 10 years. old, whose homes
are at Manzanola. Ctero county, re.
sorted to trapping prairie dogs and
making soa Of their fat to earn
money for. the Red Cross. They
earned $50.
The federal food administrator for
the state IL going to make an effort to
interest other girls and boys in this
work. according to the educational
secretary Of the organization.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
NEW MINISTRY TO TAKE OATH.

Madrid, Dec. Count Romanones,
who has been engaged in the task Of
forming a new Spanish cabinet, on
leaving the palace at midnight an
nounced. that the new ministry would
take the oath Of office at noon today.
The cabinet has been chosen solely
from among the supporters Of Count
RomAnones who 10 . liberal leader.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
GARRISON HOLDS SESSION,

jamestown, N. D., Dec. 4.-Mr.
James C. Garrison of Fargo, state su.
p~erintendent Of the Sunday School
Association, conducted a very success
full conference and round table on
Tuesday afternoon and evening At the
local Baptist church. Under the Able
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
TAPP1N RESERVOIR.

Phoenix, Ark, Dec. 4.vThe. drill
Ing OF the frst Of wells that tap an
underground reservoir Of zoo. 900 acre.
fest Of water. which. h~yAroloEists ray.
lies under the Salt River valley. has
been started by the salt River Valley
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
C0NVALESCENTS !
NEED BOOKS
Library Issues Call for Pop
ular Fiction and Gen
eral Reading.

The public library has again re-
.ceived a call from the general di-
rector of the Library War Service for
books for soldiers who are con.
.valescing in army hospitals. The gem
eral fund, 1t is stated, u needed for
technical and vocational books and
the generosity Of the people is again
called upon to fill the great need of
books in the army hospitals.
situation is we'll explained by the gen.
eral director.
I'VE must have books for immedi.
ate use.
Our funds must be saved fol
technical books. books on industries
trades and vocations.
I'm the plan Of rehabilitation it is
evident that the injured and con.
valescent men are the first returned
from the other side. This means tina,
the d~ebarkation hospitals must be
filled with books. The dispatch Of
fees. which would normally supply
these hospitals. have no books. Dis.
patch office agents at New York
Brooklyn. Boston and Newport New.
declare themselves helpless in the
face Of the demand.
Yours very truly,
Herbert Putnam,
General Director
Once more the people of Crane
Forks are called upon to give Of theil
libraries to help pass the time for thu
mer who are recovering from wound!
or injuries received in battle. Thu
library authorities are convinced tina
the call will be responded to as it ha'
been in future times and that thu
Christmas offering of books for thu
boys will measure up to the usua
standard.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Niagara Visitors-Gilbert and A.
R~ustebecka, we'll known farmers of
Niagara, were in the city yesterday,
returning to their home last evening.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
BIDS WANTED.

Bids will be received for the schlitz
building on DeMers avenue, East
Grand Forks. purchaser to remove
building from the right of way In
quire of Sullivan Bros, East Grand
Forks, MINI. Dated Nov. 26, 1915
ADV.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
FOURTH N DECLINE

New York, Dec. 5.-Fourth Liberty
4 Ia per cent bonds which have been
steadily declining since they were
placed on the stock exchange, today
fell to the new low record Of S6.ee.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Wood for Sa1e-Asn and mixed
wood. delivered. The Nash Farm. N
W. 397.-Adv.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

ADVISED TO GO TO WORK.
Washington. Dec. 5.-Advice to go
back to work and act in good faith
towards their employees, was sent to
striking street car men at Omaha,
Neb., today by the war labor board.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Wood for Sale-Paplar, jackpine.
tamarack and ash. delivered in cord
lots. Phone 267. The Red River VAL
ley Brick. Corp.-Adv.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
TEST FIiICHT CONT7Nv1Es.

Calexico, Cal, Dec. 5.-Four army
airplanes making a test, trip from
Rockwell field. nea San Diego to Ell
Paso. left here at 1907 today, having
descended yesterday for the night. A
hfth airplane, ptloted by Lieutenant
Bruce b. johnson. descended yester-
day at FL Centre and struck q pole In
today. sustaining damage
that put 1t permanently. out OF the de-
tachment. The pilot wa unhurt. !
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05
PAGE FIVE.

leadership OF Mr.. Garrison. the meet
ings proved OF great help and inspir-
alton to the s. S. workers of the city
and county who attended them
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

DR.. j. B. Baascn is in his Office
again and will take care Of his pa
tients.-Adv.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Gilby Doctor Hcre-Dr. W. Pugh
of Gilby spent yesterday in the city
attending to business matters.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Attcntion-Saturday night dance
will be given in the K. P. hall, No.
1875 South Third street, from 8 to IL
p. m.-Adv.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Mimic Cashier Here-A. E. Mckay,
cashier of the bank at Mimic. trans
acted business in the city today.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

E4ks Dance Fridny-The local Elks
will give an informal dancing. party in
their club rooms on Friday evening.
This is the first dance of the season
and all Elks are invited to attend.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

A Re%cupcrative Diet IN influenza.
Horlick's Matted Milk, very digestible.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Fordvile Banker Here-G. A. OIL
son, cashier Of the First State bank
at Fordville, vas in the city today OH
business.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Delinquent Taxes-Taxpayers who
have not paid delinquent taxes, ma
ave sheriff's costs by paying same by
Dec. 10th. A. F. Turner, Sheriff.
ADV.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

J. Feinstad, Notico-If j.. Feinstad
Is in the country, his relatives wish
he would come home at once, as
members Of his family are sick
Adv.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Card of Thanks-we wish to thank
u many friends for the sympathy
and help given during the illness and
death of our beloved husband and
father. Also for the beautiful flow
ers. Mrs. o. c. GreenleN and chill
drer-Adv.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

X. Prs Meet Tonight-For the first
time since the band was put on the
Knights of Pythias will hold a meet
ing tonight at s o'clock.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Short Courses for Farmer-The
Northern Packing plant is making ar
rangcments to conduct a short course
for farmers Of the county These
courses will be led by expert stock
Ter and will perhaps w a period
of five weeks,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Meeting Tomorrow-The Caledon-
ian Curling club will hold an impor-
tant meeting in the rooms of the
Commercial club Friday evening at
s o'clock. Officers will be elected.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Band Will Play-The Grand Forks
Municipal band will play several
numbers at the home guard dance in
the auditorium Friday night.-Adv.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

The ladies Of the Eastern Star will
hold a special meeting at the Mo-
sonic hall this evening at 1880. r.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Officials File For Bonds-Applica-
tons for bonds from practically all
of the recently elected and reelected
county officials have been filed and
sent to the state bonding department.
Lost-Valuable paper book contain
ing papers valuable to the owner
only. Also w. s.. s.. Finder please
return to Herald and receive reward.
ADV.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

F. C. Massee made a business trip
to Crookston this morning.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

: The Trees Are Hcre-Large con-
signments of Christmas trees arrived
in the city this morning and will be
| offered for sale within a few days.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

A strandberg and Emil Bagley Of
Gilby. n. D., were in the city yester-
day visiting friends on their way to
Minneapolis where they both live.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Life Insurance-Uneasy lies the
head of the underinsured. j.. S.
Hatcher. Agent, The Great West Life
Assurance Co., Room 80, Clifford
Block,-Ady,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Mrs. George Gebhardt is i'll at her
home on Dover avenue.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Dance at Gilby, n. D., Friday, Dec.
s. A real dance with Finley's music.
Electric unafons. organ chimes, xylo-
phones, banjo, bag pipes. etc, the
leading orchestra of the state. You
are inyited.-Adv,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Joe Van Sloan Returns-Joe Van
Sloan returned this morning from
Camp Meigs, Washington. where he
has been a member of the o. T. c.. He
was transferred two months ago from
Camp Fremont, Cal. Mr.. Var Sloan
was formerly connected with the
Burroughs Adding Machine Co.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Canning Reports to Be Sent INA
record is being kept of all fruit and
vegetables canned during the past
year. The ONE of the county have
responded splendidly to the call to
send in reports. Many, however. have
neglected to do so. In order to give
Grand Forks county a good showing
the reports must all be sen in to the
county food administrator, Mrs. r. A.
Snra rle.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

>, Speciality Shop-Big discount. sale
on all stamped linens, bath towels
and all Christmas goods. 10 per cent
off on all geprgette waists and lin
gerie: Sale commences Sat. Nov. 80.
81 S. Ard St.-Ady.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-12-05

Guest From Pittsburgh-Mr. and
Mrs. M. j. Deichert, 511 Gertrude
avenue, are entertaining as their
guest Mrs. Deichert's' mother, Mrs. DR..
P. E. Pugh of Pittsburgh, Pa, who
came to the city last evening.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
SERVICE HEADS TO ATTEND.
Secretaries Baker and Daniels to Be
at Dinner at University Club.

Secretary of War Baker and Secre-
tary of the Navy Daniels will be
among the guests of honor at the din
ner to be rendered at o'clock tonight
at the University Club to Senator Dun
can U. Fletcher, the retiring president.
and Judge Robert Worth Bingham OF
Louisville. the incoming head Of the
Southern Commercial Congress. Many
high officials Of the government and
members of both branches of Congress
will attend.
Guests from adjacent states have an
nounced their intention OF attending
the dinner. Judge Bingham arrived In
Washington today to enter actively
upon his duties as president OF the con-
gress. He is stopping at the Shore
ham.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
WATER" IN BIG TERMINAL.
I. c. G. Report Tells Of Millions Of
Excesa in Wahaah Prniect

The financial iasco resulting from
construction Of the wabash terminal at
Pittsburgh by the Gould and Carnegie
interests and its subsequent decline
into reoeivership have been reviewed
by the Interstate Commerce Commits
sion In . report following an extensive
investigation made on request of Con-
gress.
The result Of tho operation Of the
terminal shows clearly" says the COM
missions report, that the building of
this property was poor business ven-
ture. Fifty millions in bonds were is
sued against railroad sixty miles in
length. and which cost about $25, ,000.-
600. The par value OF its first mort
gage bonds alone exceeded by approxi-
mately $5,o00,000 the actual amount Of
cash expended for property devoted to
transportation At the commencement of
the receivership.
This case illustrates again the
great need for control of security Is
sues and emphasizes the wisdom Of the
commissions requirement, which has
been In effect since 1907. that charges
to the accounts rejecting the carriers
investment In road and equipment shall
be based upon the cash cost Of the
property"
Evening star., 1918-02-11
AUSTRIAN HYMN Of HATE
WRITTEN s. YEARS AGO
Ruth Putnam Translates Lines
Breathing Bitter Feeling Against
Prussia Back in 1895.

Ruth Putnam, in the New York Times.
Possibly the following Austrian SON
net of hate may be considered Interest,"
ing, although half century old. There
were a series of sonnets written at the
time, some much more bitter than this.
but this is the only one / can find. 1t is
given in a life of Freiherr Won dagern,
to whom the author gave the manu-
script:
AN AUSTRIAN SONNET OF HATE.
IAgainst Prussia. 1861
All. well Since otherwise there was Tor thee
No cure. my country, couldst not throw aside
Thy most ambitious strife, thy sons have died.
FeIled by ten times ten thousand wounds Yet
see,
One grave miteth all To them may be
Sweet rest with them silence doth abide.
But woe to him who shameiessly has tried
To crown the victor! IT'S vain. yea, verify.
And to thee. Reriin! Woe to thy tongue
Base phrases over friend and foe are fungi
With eioquence they praise a murd'rous deed!
By mrine peasants with gentle word
Doth Germany grow great-but small indeed
When wooing him-thss Bonaparte the Third
Translated by Ruth Putnam from the German
OF Leopold Y. Riegeleben}
marck were printed in London in 1872.
Bismarck tried in vain to find the au-
thor. His name was not known until
1856.
The above was written after the
Prussiau victory over Austria at
Sadowa, July. 1865. Napoleon III had
promised Prussia to be neutral. 1t was
at the heyday of the French emperor's
prosperity. and, confident of his sue
cess as a mediator. he hoped to obtain
the left bank of the Rhine as his re-
ward. Bismarck, flushed with the
quickly won victory. which resulted in
pushing Austria completely out of the
German confederation and in paving
the way for Prussia's presidency In the
new com animation which was to flower
into the present empire. fooled Ma
poleon by making peace without his
knowledge. When he asked for his re-
ward, he gained nothing. not even per
mission to buy Luxemburg from the
King of Holland. although it was no
longer garrisoned by Prussia
Evening star., 1918-02-11
HORSEPOWER ONLY
! WHEN It IS NEEDED
~Skip-Stops" and Coasting by
Street Railways Recon-
mended as Fuel Savers.
PROPOSED FOR ENTIRE U. S.

.skfp-stops- and coasting.. II utilized
generally by the street raii" aSs
the country, will produce saving IN
coal more than sufficient 70 operale
Americas transport fleet
This Is the belief Of engineers VINO
have been investigating possible ran
way operating economies. Inc idei
.hrrintstration has. announced that II
has the "skip-stop" plan under con
.tAaration for the nation. and coastins
q. .-nec+ed to come In for equal at
tention.
Company Tests coasting.
r,. Twin city Rapid Transit Com
which serves the cities OF MN
neano,.s and ST. Paul. has been nahlns li,s
anne interesting experifnsn.s
coast;nr Increasing coastns -
matter of training motormismd coast,
nower only when it IS required. -. h..
tnsr does not require hills as Hli-Ie ,.I
imaeined but is empioEea t;rr oi-
cround and under all norma ope ,los,
Conditions. To the extent tna' on
~ 10 Increased is the amount q en- et
arg c,nsur1ed decreased, It Is ca M u;
IN a baoklet entitled Doing Our BIZ;
-hich has lust reached the local fuo.,c
IYtilities Commission, the twin Sits .s,.
Wqy MANAGEMENT SSaeos
sncs With coasting during the past rev
NSn+hs indicates that this econofis
can he developed TO the point Wnere
viii save the company sixty IONS %
WI dav This amount is suthcienL'
n is stated, to operate an army Trans
mort for like period Of time.
Minnea polls and st. Paul nave auops.
"a 81 coasting campaign In the in.er. is-
AZ conserving the national fuel suppIy,
80 ~ - the car operators the following
snneaJ has been made: THE more you
ca at the more coal you Will save tns
easier will be your work. the less VIII
ne the wear and tear on the equipHsnn,.,
knd the safer and more comIortaoie
will be the ride of the passengeT-.hhee he
customers who pay your wases. IA IN IN IN
interest of safety and economy; anu oii
hahaIf IF the nation at large, the man
arement asks the hearty co-operat,oii
Of each trainpan toward the successful
carving out of this campaign.
Estimated Saving in Washington.
Iohn A. Reeler. who is Investigating
Srafic conditions in Washington lot
The utilities commission, estimates that
the "skip-stop" plan which he mas rec
commended will produce saving IN
coal In the operation OF the capleais
railways of 1900 tons year. But ms
survey Is being made primarily Ior
the purpose of improving trafhc conui-
lions rather than to indicate wheTe
operating economies are possible he
states that an increase in coasting
will save more coal than "skip-stops-
General adoption of both of these
uractices by the street railways OF the
nation. Mr.. Beeler believes. will be the
best possible war service they can
render.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
RESIGNS TO ENTER NAVY.
sergt. Marmaduke Quits Service on
District Fireboat Firefighter.

Sergt. Charles W. Marmaduke. attached
to the District fireboat Firehshter. re-
signed several days ago to enter the
Navy. He has been made boatswain
and assigned to active duty on a cruising
ship.
Boatswain Marmaduke holds a masters $
license for the Potomac river and trib-
utAries Before entering the fire depart
ment he was employed on Potomac river
craft and on the Norfolk line.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
Estimated Saving in Washington.
Back From Inspection Trip.

Engineer E. A. Schmitt OF the United
States engineers Office at this city has
returned from an inspection trip to the
Rappahannock river and to the Army
dredge Dalecarlia, icebound at Hop
yard, on the Rappahannock- While at
the dredge he had extra precautions
taken to protect her from prospective
ice drift As soon as conditions will
allow ]the Dalecarlia will be brought
back here and placed on Anacostia i'm
provemeut work.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
Sales in the District.

No figures on the volume of sales in
the District of Columbia have been
announced as yet, as 1t is impossible
to obtain. daily or even weekly. ac-
curate totals because Of the number
Of new agencies being opened every
day.
Fountain Peyton, member of the
committee. addressed the congrega-
tion Of the Vermont Avenue Baptist
Church yesterday morning and OBJ
tained pledges from the $500 persons
present of their support.
Rev. James e. Willis. pastor Of the
Evening star., 1918-02-11

Although there is visual evidence OF
many soldiers in this vicinity, few peo-
pie apparently are aware that within a
radius of twenty-five miles OF the Ma
tonal Capital there are at least $4,000
troops in various stages Of training to
fight the battle for universal democracy
"over there"
The greatest assemblage Of soldiers
within that radial circle is at Camp Meade
near Annapolis Nd Assembled in that
camp in the woods are approximately 36.-
900 members OF the National Army gath
cred by the draft from the District Of
Columbia and the states of Maryland and
Pennsylvania Probably tho next largest
number Of any unit IL included In the
four engineer regiments in process OF or
ganixation at the regular post at Fort
Myer. Va. embracing about s,ooo men
In addition. theee IL q squadron Of three
troops of cavalry and battery OF Held
artillery at the Virginia post
About 1000 more engineer troops are
in camp at the american University
grounds on Nebraska avenue, receiving
special training In mine planting. for
estry. in the use Of gas bombs, camou-
fiase work and other features of mod
ern warfare. There alec Is big en-
gineer camp at Belvoir. Va, few miles
below Mount Vernon on the Potomac
bridge building. road making. pontoon
operations etc. About 1000 soldiers
are there At present. but that number
may be largely Increased in a short
who have been in training at other
camps, are stationed temporarily at the
engineer station at Washington bar
racks, at the foot Of ~ street.
Evening star., 1918-02-11

US built includes the present site OF
the 0reno6le Hotet = private dwelling
adjoining and two apartment houses.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
$4,000 TROOPS BEING TRAINED
NCAMpS NEAR, WASHINGTON

also fs a large quartermaster camp on
the old Patterson estate on Florida ave-
nue., where about 1000 men are receiving
special training in the operation and care
OF motor trucks and other similar
transportation.
In addition there are various smaller
units OF troops engaged in special duties
in various parts of the city and the
suburbs. not to mention the big Marine
Corps camp at Quantico and the blue
jackets and marines at the navy yard
and the marine barracks.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
THINGS SAVINGS STAMPS
WILL BUY FOR SOLDIERS
War Department Issues List Of Ar.
ticles Showing What 25 Cents or
More VIII Do.

The war Department has issued the
following list of articles that may pc
bought for the price OF one or more
war savings and thrift stamps:
"A single thrift stamp will buy q tent
pole or five tent pins, waist belt or
hat cord, shoe 1aces and identification
tags. Two thrift stamps will buy one
trench tool, one pair OF wooden gloves.
Four thrift stamps will buy two pairs
Of canvas 1eggins. Six thrift stamps
s15o-will buy i've pairs OF woolen
socks, three pairs summer drawers.
summer undershirts. Twelve thrift
stamps will buy a steel helmet to pro-
tect some soldier at the front One war
savings stamp will buy 100 cartridges;
another will buy cartridge belt.
scabbard for bayonet. Four war saw
fngs stamps VIII buy = rihe for some
soldier at the front fighting for the
cause of liberty; three and one-half
war savings stamps will buy three
pairs OF woolen blankets for the com
fort of the man In the trench. and two
and one-half war savings stamps will
some mothers boy from the deadly at
tack of gas. Three war savings stamps
will buy an overcoat or two woolen
service coats. Two war savings stamps
breeches or two flannel shirts"
Many New Sales Agencies Opened.
Fifty new agencies for the sale Of
war savings and thrift stamps have
been opened in district No. /, Milton
E. Allies, chairman. The work. which
has been done since last Friday, is
under the direction Of committee Of
six women volunteers. with Mrs. Ru-
pert Hughes at their head.
Many other new agencies have also
been opened in the downtown section
Of the city and others are to be opened
as rapidly as locations can be found
for them, 1t was announced today.
No let-up is to be permitted in the
activities Of the hundreds OF volunteers
working for the success OF the cam
paign In the National Capital. Ex-
tension OF the date for the closing of
the campaign, originally announced for
one week. has given an additional week
for the work in this city, and the cam
paign is to be waged aggressively until
next Saturday night. February 16.
Evening star., 1918-02-11
HOTEL PLANS FILED.

Plans for the Hotel Marne. to be
built IN the center OF the hotel And
shopping district Of New York, on the
corner Of 7th avenue and seth street.
were died Saturday in New York by
Joseph ]. Lannin, former owner Of the
Boston Red Sox and proprietor of the
Garden City Hotel The new hotel,
which wilt involve an expenditure Of