davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
CAMPAIGN is UNDER WAY
TO ENROLL 5000 NURSES
Surgeons Generals Office and Red
Cross Seek That Number by
October 1.

Tho surgeon generals Office Of the
Army and the American Red Cross are
in the midst Of a strenuous campaign
to enroll 5000 nurses by October 1, and
are appealing to every ablebooied wom-
an who can do so to enter hospital work
Women without special training in
nursing are not being sent to France.
out it is pointed out that every woman
who takes up nursing at home now re-
leases one more trained nurse for serv-
ice among the soldiers.
Both the Red Cross and the War De-
rartment are endeavoring to impress
upon the women of the country the i'm
portant part which nurses play in tie
upkeep Of an army, which is daily be-
coming moro active in the war, with a
corresponding increase in the number
Of wounded to be cared for.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
S|M0NDS' WAR REVIEW
Continued from First Page.)

gone better than any one could have
foreseen and most Of US hoped this
wear. I believe that there is very
good chance that the German VIII pc
driven to the frontier before WINTER,
but I think this is matter OF con-
lecture. On the other hand, 1t is pos.
sible that he will be able to rally ana
stand off attack until the end or TINS
campaign. But whatever he does now
in the remaining weeks of this cam
paign his complete defeat next year
seems to me beyond question. l be,
lieye a military decision will be mad
in the next campaign. when Amerl-
can millions are available and these
are used with the supreme genius OF
Marshal Foch.
The One Peril.
The one peril, it seems to me, Ii
that the happy turn of tide may lea0
us to expect too much this year and
thus give the German a valuable
weapon when he comes to us. as he
will, this winter and says:
Neither side can win the war on
the battlefield. / tried and failed last
year, and then you tried and falleo''
therefore let US make peace by nego-
tiation." We may win the war on
the battlefield this year; there is
chance, but only a chance. But this
is not our year to win. but his. He
has had his chance and failed; our
chance can only come surely next
year. Our problem this year was to
live. and in the last five weeks we
have won a second Marine. third ana
even a fourth Somme. taken 10000
prisoners and regained 1000 square
miles of France. while little earlier
our italian ally won the Piave
II we are stopped for the rest OF tnS
year at the Hindenburg line we shafA
be better of than any reasonable man
could have hoped for last March. ana
we shall have every reason in the
world for believing that before this
time next year we shall have demon"
strated that the German is to be de-
cisiyely beaten on the battlefield in
the campaign Of 1919. Maj. Gen. Tom
Bridges of the British army. who re-
organized King Albert's forces. once
said to me that the thing that he had
found most dangerous in German
methods was the advantage they took
of unwarranted optimism, of too great
hopes held by the enemy which were
beyond immediate realization ana
when they were not realized were
followed by equally unreasonable pes
simism. To me this is the only re-
naming danger. For the rest there
is Foch, recent victories and ever In
creasing American numbers, the de-
feated submarine and the ever-grow-
ing material advantages of the al
lied armies, and there is chance. a
bare chance, of decisive victory this
year-as against the certainty of next
year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01

PARIS, August 10 (by nail).-The
marines of one Of the first-line regi-
ments call him doc. As they went
against the enemy in the glorious fight
ing in the first few days Of summer he
went with them. And when more than
one wounded marine woke up in hospi-
tai he asked straightway:
Flows doc? Did he come through
all right?'
That's how they feel about the doc.
What's more, they are very proud OF
him. For when the fight was hottest he
helped drag a stretcher across a shell
swept field to bring back their colonel.
who was lying in an exposed trench, his
shoulder shattered by machine gun fire.
Formerly Baptist Preacher.
He did it, too, while his left leg was
numb from shell shock and he could
hardly look at his left hand for the pain
that was in it But wouldn't any Of
the marines have done a similar act for
him? That's how he feels about 1t.
At home the doc is the Rev. John
H. Clifford. Till last fall he was pas
tor of the First Baptist Church OF
Tucson: Ariz. He left the church to
go to France for the Y. NJ. C. A. and
Since last december lie IldS tScH WIZ
ing with the American troops up and
down the western front Most Of the
time he has spent with the marines.
In fact, he is marine. His election
was unanimous. and in way peculiar
to the troops who are always ready
for trouble when trouble comes. Wax
ing from a needed nap one afternoon
he couldn't find his coat and cap. A
prank, he thought. and he walked out
to get the air. When he returned his
coat and cap were waiting for him.
Make Him a Marine.
On the cap had been sewn the ma
rine insignia. The Army buttons on
his coat had become marine buttons.
At mess that night the major noticed
the changes and said:
Zone of US now, eh, padre?''
Wherever the marines Of his special
battalion have moved since that cleo
ton he has moved and he has taken
part in many heroic and historic
events.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01

New Developments In the art Of marine
camounage have effected radical changes
in the painting Of ships to protect them
from the enemy. Modern naval war
fare no longer reckons upon 'invisibility"
as defensive factor. authorities hav-
ing arrived at the conclusion that paint
itself. being dependent upon light, will
not overcome shadows Battle paint
ing" has been developed as a substitute
to deceive q submarine commander as to
the size and form Of ship and her
course and speed
Lieut. Commander Norman Wflkin-
son. Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.
the inventor Of 'bane painting" came
to the conclusion after long experiment
that the moment a submarine comes to
the surface within striking distance no
method of painting would render a ship
sufficiently invisible to escape being
seen.
There was a time" the artist says,
when thought it possible to increase
or decrease a ships visibility. But that
was before the submarine was consid-
cred as a real active factor in naval
warfare"
Bame Faan0ng Evolved.
His decision took into consideration
the submarine hydrophone, by which the
presence Of a ship, her probable size
and her course can be ascertained under
water. The problem, therefore, was re-
solved into rendering the ship as diff
cult to hit as possible. and battle paint
ing. the only present nationally accepted
method Of marine camoufiage, was
evolved.
Rsfie painting is simply project for
breaking up all accepted forms Of ship
by masses Of strongly contrasting COL
ors, distorting her appearance so as to
The idea is totally to mislead the sub
marine. OF course, some vessels so
painted have been also sunk, but there
are records Of a far greater number at
which torpedoes were fired unsuccessful
ly. Equally important, much larger
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
TO STUDY RICE RIOTS.
Commission to Investigate Prob
lens Growing Out of Troubles.

TOXIC, wednesday, August % (by
the Associated Press).-The Japanese
government is planning the organization
of commission composed Of officials,
bankers, business men and scientists to
study the questions growing out-of the
recent food disturbances, including labor
and social problems.
The recent rice riots have been fol-
lowed by strikes at several Of the indus
trial centers, and especially in the min
ing districts, where considerable prop
erty has been burned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
TWO BIG SHIPS LAUNCHED.
Wilmington Yards Put Overheard
Tanker and Freighter.

WILMINGTON, Del, August 81
Two more ships slipped from the ways
of yards in this city today. The S,130-
ton tanker Charles NJ. Everett was
launched at the Harlan & Hollingsworth
plant. The Lynchburg. cargo carrier
of 1000 tons, plunged into the Delaware
from the Pussy & Jones yard.
The tanker is one of six ordered by
the Vacuum Oil Company but taken
over by the government. It Is AZ feet
long and its beam is So feet. The Lynch
burg is 300 feet long and has a width Of
a feet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
INCREASED CARFAREFoR WAR
Jersey Central Traction Company to
Be Allowed Cent Surcharge.

TRENTON, N. j.. August 31.-The
public utilities commission today
refused an application of the Jersey
Central Traction Company. to increase
it's fares from five to seven cents and
charge two cents for each transfer.
The board decided. however, that
the company may file an amended |
schedule Of rates. providing for war
surcharge Of one cent to be added |
to the dve-cent fare now charged. and |
that transfers b given vheeo now
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
CONFEDERATE PENSIONS CUT.
Widows Who Married After 1879
0rnned Ernm Tennessee Rnlls.

NASHVILLE. Tenn. August 31.-Un-
der ruling received by the state pen
sion board today from Attorney General
Frank Thompson. widows of Confeder-
ate soldiers whose marriage occurred
subsequent to 1879. 33S in number will
be dropped from the pension rolls. Prior
to the last legislature pensions were al
lowed widows who were married prior
to 1890. A legislative committee found
that some widows were getting pensions
who had been born since the war and
the INV W3e changed 10 require mar
da8e prior to.lSS0,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
DIR. RElTMANRELEASE
Served Time for Spreading Birth
Control Propaganda.

CLEVELAND, Ohio, August 31.-Dr
Ben Reitman Of Chicago was released
from custody today after serving five
and one-half months Of a six-month
sentence in the Warrensville work.
house here for spreading birth-control
propaganda.
Reitman paid $500 of a $1,000 fine
and was allowed sixteen days OF for
good behavior on the prison sentence.
He returned to Chicago today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
Make Him a Marine.
&c. c. HAS JURISDICTION.
Court Upholds Order Against Re
duced Porto Rican Gable Rates.

SAN JUAN, Porto Rico, August 81
Federal Judge Hamilton today over
ruled a motion Of Attorney General
Kern to dismiss a restraining order
against the public service commission
preventing it from enforcing a 40 Per
cent reduction in cable rates between
New York and Porto Rico.
Judge Hamilton held that the local
commission had no jurisdiction outside
of the three-mile limit Of the island and
could not fix rates. He held that the
Interstate Commerce Commission had
Jurisdiction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
MAKES CRAFT IN Is HOURS.
Savannah Company Claims World
Record Lighter Construction.

SAVANNAH, Ga, August 31.-The
National Shipbuilding and Dry Dock
Company claims to have made a world
record in lighter construction here to-
day. It began work on and launched a
lighter in fifteen working hours. It is
said twenty-five hours actual working
tiu,essWaaG&heerecuxsG
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
''BAFFLE PAINTING" THE LATEST
METHOD OF CAMOUFLAGE AT SEA
Strongly Contrasted Colors So Distor,
Appearance of Ship One Cant Tell
Whether She's Going or Coming.

proportion Of baff1e-painted vessel
which are hit by torpedoes are able
make port than ships painted gray, ov
ing to explosion in less vulnerable part
The aim of the submarine is thrown
by the camouflage.
Frequent reports appearing SON
times in the newspapers confirm
success of the system, and prove
value of defense against the 81
Contained a story Of an enooun tsfI
between a baffie-painted freighter
and German U-boat in which the
latter was rammed and sunk. This
article concluded with this pertinent
paragraph:
The theory bearing on the incident
held by shipping men is that the,
system Of camoufiage designed 'esrS
cially to elude submarines deceived thu
German commander On his assump-
ton he mistook the course held by the
ship. and, instead of coming to the
surface at right angles to the course.
got squarely in the way"
Camoufage Fooled Woman.
A clever story. is told of a meeting
between an excursion steamer and a
vessel outward bound from an At
lantic port to dare the submarine
under protection of her battle color
design. The passengers crowded the
excursion steamers side to gaze at
the queer boat, which plowed stead
fly forward. Apparently the camou-
tagged steamer was heading straight
for the heavily loaded pleasure boat.
and when a woman shriekeu, panic
was imminent.
Shut up. you foolw yelled the man
who understood the principles of bar.
he painting. She's heading six points
off,"
It was true. The camouflage had
SO changed the aspect of the boat
that she seemed to be going in a d.
rection where she was not heading.
THAT is the purpose of the baffle
painting-to keep U-boats guessing
as to whether their prey is coming
or going"
A school for training camouneurs
has heen esta blished by the shipping
board, under the direction Of William
Andrew Makay.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
BY BASsETT DIGBY.

Cablegfam to The Sunday Star and
Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1918
STOCKHOLM. Sweden, August 81
The Svenska Dagbladet gives prom
inence to an interview with German
musician. who declares that the for
mer czarina, her four daughters and
the czarovitch have been living in a
town in Crfmea since May under Ger
man protection.
He claims that they were twice
cheered by his band in June. He also
says that the German garrison in the
Crimea believes the car still lives and
is safe in Germany or Austria.
I have had access to a mass of evil
dence which shows the first statement
is certainly a lie. There are also the
strongest grounds for believing that
Nicholas was really executed in Ekat-
erineburg on July 16.
No Trace of Cars Body.
By the Associated Press.
ARCHANGEL, Friday, August 10
No trace was found of the body Of the
former Emperor Nicholas of Russia
when ho-Slovak forces captured
Yekaterinburg, July 26.
This information was brought to
David R. Francis. the American am
bassador. by a Czecho-Slovak army
officer who has arrived at Archangel
with dispatches from the American
consul at Yekaterinburg after long
and perilous trip through two lines Of
hostile bolshevik troops.
The officer said he had no definite
information as to the disposition OF
the body Of the ex-emperor-the most
credited report was that it had been
taken to the deepest pit In the Yeka-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
Haywood to Write Story of His Life

CHICAGO. August 31.-William D.
Haywood. in a cell at the county Jail,
today said he intended to write his
autobiography in the near future He
admitted he had little hope Of gaining
his freedom either by appeal to the
higher courts or by pardon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
Wire Net Most Complicated.

The first and most complicated is
the wire net. This begins at division
headquarters and reaches it's tentacles
out toward the front in all directions
It's large central telephone exchanges.
located at intervals over the entire
front sometimes in half demolished
dwellings,. sometimes in dugouts forty
to fifty feet deep, are the busiest
spots on the battlefield.
Its lines must furnish communica-
ton for the artillery, machine guns,
the infantry. the trench mortars. the
balloons. the engineers. the field hos
pitfalls and all the other units that
go to make up the war machine. In
fact, the telephone system is much
more elaborate and more complicat-
ed than in a young American city:
The problem of laying the wires
repair at all times is enormous.
While the Field Signal Battalion of
the Signal Corps is directly in charge
Of all systems of communication
within the division it is assisted
by telephone men from all the other
units who work under it and carry
out its ideas.
1t would be necessary to bury
cable or wires fifteen or twenty feet
to make them at all immune from
shell fire. All the wires have to be
so carefully tagged and labeled that
the telephone men can creep their
way along a wire and merely by
feeling these labels know exactly
from what point the wire starts and
where it terminates.
Beginning at the front line are lit
tie radio sets with antennae so small
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
French System of Signaling.

When it was decided that we were
to adopt the French methods of war
fare we began to make a study OF
the French system of signaling.
While we speak of having adopted
the French system of warfare. this is
only approximately true as concerns
the work of the Signal Corps.
The United States Signal Corps now
has a system of signaling as applied
to trench and semi-open warfare
which represents the most modern
ideas of all the armies now at war,
including even the German.
The lines of information from the
various army headquarters are con-
tinued practically in the same man
ner as the main trunk lines that run
through France in the service OF sup
plies For convenience these lines
may be divided into four great net
works. any one of which may be de-
pended upon as a complete and indie
pendent means of transmitting in
forn1a ton
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
First Step Use of Telegraph.

The first step in improving the signal
service was the use of the telegraph.
which, at the time of the civil war. had
been commercially perfected. While
some progress was made at that time
in it's use, it was not until the time of
the Spanish-American war that the sig
nal service of the Army was employed
on anything like the scale of today.
During that war the Signal Corps was
an entirely mounted organization and
was required not only to be as mobile
as the cavalry, but was even required
to anticipate the needs of the cavalry
and Immediately have stations, where
all officers could transmit messages,
open and working as soon as the cav
airy came to a halt. Our Signal Corps
had developed a system Of communica-
ton for open warfare that was practi-
cally perfect
AS soon as it was decided that our
operations would be in France the
material and the personnel for laying
trunk telephone and telegraph lines
from the various sea ports through
the heart of France over to the
theater of operations was at once
assembled. and this personnel was
among the first actual troops to be
sent over. Today there is scarcely a
city in the principal part of France
through which an American telephone
line does not pass
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01
SIGNAL CORPS ESSENTIAL ARM
IN THE MODERN WAR MACHINE
of Wide Scope, But It Was Not
Until Spanish-American Conflict It's
: Service Was Employed Like Today.

When the average man hears the Sig
nal Corps mentioned he has a some
what hazy idea Of its work and of how
1t is connected with the vast organiza-
ton OF the modern war machine.
The activities of the Signal Corps are
so wide in scope and their development
OF SO recent date that this general
vagueness is not to be wondered at.
Until the time of the civil war armies
and their units had been small enough
to permit the commander to keep suffi-
GENTLY in touch with his forces by run
ners and mounted messengers. During
the civil war, however, armies grew so
large and unwieldly that their efficiency
began to be impaired through lack of a
perfect system of communication.
1t was seen that no matter how per-
fectly trained an army might be in its
various activities, if it was unable to
know the proper time to perform it's
efficiency was imperiled. In fact, it was
already realized that perfect army is
nothing more than perfect soldier on
a vast scale. and, like that soldier, in
order to be Of any service or accomplish
its aims, it must have a nerve and con-
troll system just as perfect as his.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01

Official statements issued by the war
Offices of England and Germany are
declared indicative of the character
and temperament Of the two peoples
The British communicates are crisp
and terse. the Germans famboyant
and fallacious.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-08-02
BELL-ANS
Absolutely Removes
Indigestion. Druggists
refund money if it fails. 25c
German Peace
ENJOYS In Holland

London, Aug. 1.-Foreign Minister
Won huehlmann and former Chancellor
Von thman-Hollweg are rumored to
have appeared in Holland, the Mail an
nounced today.
The newspaper pointed out this may
possibly mean the renewal of the Ger.
man peace offensive, in connection
with the new open letter of Lord
LansdOwne.
The morning papers are unanimously
~ sympathetic with Lansdowne e,si-
tude. The Daily Mail, anti-government,
does not comment, but the Northcliffe
press severely denounees the letter.
"Lansdowne s now epistle will do no.
thing but mischief" the News said
"When Lansdowne has persuaded the
kaiser and Hindenburg to return to
Germany and pay for the damage they
have done, then peace can be talked
about. The allies and the British staGd
firmly by Wilson, saying the agony
must not be gone through again. "
The other newspaper comment includ-
cd.
Sketch-"He ought to have addressed
his letter to the kaiser. -
Express Lansdowle declares tao
present is an opportune moment to ne
gotiate peace. He is mistaken. II is
opportune to negotiate with the sword. ]"
Graphic" For the present, his utter
anccs will lead to nothing"
Chronicle He wants us to state bed
rock terms. We doubt that Lansdowne,
if buying a house, would tell the abso.
lute top price he would give"
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-08-02
King Sees War Views.

With The italian Armies, Aug. q
King Victor Emmanuel today viewed
motion pictures taken ON various fronts
and received personal message from
King George. Three British motor lor-
ries have arrived here to show the It
allan armies what British transport SER
vice is doing on other fronts.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-08-02
ALLIED GAINS TODAY
Continued from page one)

view Of the American troops at the It.
allan front, telegraphed General Per-
shing as follows:
"The king is filled with admiration
at the splendid bearing of the first Am
erican troops who have arrived in Italy.
The Italian army is proud to share the
fortunes Af wal with them.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-08-02
HR "&nll nf Gnttnr"
kNKNI ''From Ouer There"
A44S General Persking's Official Report
''Fronn Ouer

W. H. Collins, Cairo, Ga.
S. L. Cummings, Carnegie, Pa.
A. A. Duke, Dozier, Ala.
J. NJ. Fitzpatrick, Somerville, Mass
]. M. Flanagan, Bristol, Conn.
E. F. Geliske, Kingston, Mich.
G. E. Lansner, Ashbury Park, N. J.
H. H. Milliken, Freedom, N. H.
E. Niekerson, Provincetown, Mass.
p f. Noel, Oskaloosa, Iowa
W. A. Peterson, Manchester, N. H.
L. D. Purcell, Red Oak, Iowa
R. Rekowski, Naugatuck, Conn.
F. J. Rensselaer,, New Haven, Conn.
J. H. Scott, Alexis, Ill.
D. Simpson, Chillicothe, Ohio
J. Ulan, Norwich, Conn.
A. E. Walker Columbia City, Ind.
j, L. Walrod, Fulton, Kans.
]. M. Walron, ireland.
G.. G. White, Mountain Home, Ark.
A. L. Wright Fort Dodge, Iowa
Died of Disease
Lieutenant L. Spiegleberg, New York
Civilian j. O'Brien, Deridder, Iowa
Privates-
l.. Glider, Beaumont, Texas
w. H. Grant, Blond, Ark.
j. A. Hill, Newbern, N. c.
O. Murphy, Comfort, N. c.
T. B. Smith, Palestine, Ark.
Died from Accident and Other Causes
Captain P. Z. Betowski, Waverly,
N. Y.
Privates--
G. Borgford, Clallam Bay, Wash.
G. Cronin, Pittsburg, Pa.
E. Gardner st. Charles, Mo.
W. G. Green, Boston, Mass.
P. Luero, Ell Paso, Texas
H. Z. Wadsworth, Portland, Or.
Wounded Severely Included
Coporal G. Byer Los Angeles
Privates--
j. l.. Byers, Spencer, Iowa
c. R. Cain, shelton, Wash.
P. H. Dalporto, San Francisco
W. &. Dubuc, lewiston Idaho
j. Grewcoek, Elkhorn, Neb.
j. S. Kizier, Chicago
G. Scanlan, Centralia, Wash.
Missing in Action
Lieutenant S. E. McKeown, Fort Col
Inns, Colo.
Previously repoted missing, now re-
ported wounded:
Private V. R. Davis, Ekalaka, Mont.