davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16

cannot write letters which never ought to
have been written. Premiers have to live
up to ordinary human standards. So an
Austro-Hungarian Premier caught sug-
gestlng that Alsacc-Lorraine should be
restored to France could not expect to go
on illustrating in high places that "Ni-
oellngen faith" which Germans and Aus
-Hungarans are taught to boast in
public that they bear toward each other.
Czernin's fall ends the illusion-which
should have been shattered long ago
that Austria-H Hungary counts any longer
in the diplomacy of this war. She never
has counted. For long before Francis
Joseph's death she had become for good
and all German dependency.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
Our Italian Opera

Figures given out by the Metropolitan
Opera Company for the season closing
this week reveal the continued preemi
nence Gin New York; of Italian music. Of
the 80 different operas staged 23 were in
Italian, in French and in English.
Of the different composers Puccini, an
Italian, leads with 81 performances;
then follow Verdi, an Italian, with 19:
Mascagni, an Italian, with II; Donizetti,
an Italian, with 10, and Leoni, COM
poser whom we find after a prolonged
search to be an Italian, with g.
Looking back over Mr.. Gatti-Casazza's
ten years. reign, we find the same clear
evidence of Italian superiority. "Aida"
leads the list with 72 performances.
Butterfly" follows with 6S, "Pagliacci''
with 67, "Boheme" with Ga, "Tosca" with
55, "Cavalleria" with 81.
1t is remarkable to note how the music
OF single nation thus maintains Gin
New York; such marked superiority
over that of all other nations combined
French, Russian, English, American,
German and all the rest.
1t is true that occasionally we have
American singers, and once in a season
or two some American opera is pro-
duced, usually with Italian singers and
an Italian conductor. But, as everv one
knows, American singers are not very
popular and the American operas are
invariably failures.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
His Masters Scapegoat

Count Czernin's fall is the direct result
of the publication of the Emperor Karl's
letter to his brother-in-law, Prince Six
tus. In German eyes grave indiscretion
had been committed. A scapegoat had to
be found, and Czernin satisfied all the
specifications. Whether he ever saw the
letter or not, responsibility for the ex-
posure of negotiation which must have
come as an unpleasant shock to the Ger
man public had to be saddled on him.
Czcrnin has been something of puzzle
The natural assumption has been that he
was laughing in his sleeve when he put
out his various peace feelers last winter
There can be little doubt that he was
then acting under orders from Berlin in
trying to entrap the Entente govern
ments into negotiations on the basis of
the war map. For as soon as it became
clear that Lenine and Trotxky would con-
sent to the dismemberment of Russia he
felt as little bound by his own fervent
declarations in favor of "self-determina-
ton" and no annexations as Won Kuhl-
mann and General Won Hoffman, felt con
strained by the Reichstag's similarly Writ
uous resolutions. He vas as cynical as
they were in exacting all that it was
thought worth while to exact from Russia
and Rumania.
There was undoubtedly a time, how
ever, when both Czernin and the Young
Emperor were almost as eager to pur-
chase peace as Lenine and Trotzky later
showed themselves to be. That was be-
fore the Kerensky government fell. Up
to the sudden cessation of the Korniloff
offensive in Calicia in the summer of
1917 Austria Hungary was fighting with
her back to the wall. Her people had lost
faith in victory. They were weary of the
burden of the German alliance. The
young Emperor undoubtedly shared the
public's depression. For long while he
seemed to resent the results of Berins
dictatorship. The letter to Prince Sixtus
merely reflected this irritated mood.
The easy conquest of Russia changed
irritation into complacency. Austria's big
dividend in the East made the German
venture again look sound ard profitable.
The sixtus letter became only a memory
Of salad days Of despondcncy. Emperors
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16

Our London correspondent asks: "Does
America appreciate what Field Marshal
Haig means when ne says the British
army has it's back to the wall?"
1t does not.
1t thinks: ooh, that's only what Haig
IS says. It can't be as bad as that. Any
how, an Englishman doesn't begin to
fight until he gets his back to the wall"
We doubt very much whether the Brit
ish appreciate any more than we do what
it means for Haig to say that his army
has it's back to the wall.
1t means that the British army for the
first time in this war knows what it is
to be afraid. For months it had been
stupidity unafraid. 1t stood on what it
believed to be an "inpenetrable line,"
with mountains of munitions and sup
plies piled up behind it on terrain very
thinly fortified. 1t was too confident
The reason an Englshman is really
dangerous only when his back is to the
wall is that in that position he is open
at last to the emotion of fear. Then he
fights, not with his mind, which was
never a fighting instrument, but instinc-
lively, with all Of his power. Then he is
terrible
What is true of the army is true Of
the people behind. In Great Britain, as
in this country, it has been incredible
from the first. that Germany should
ever be able to win. The emotion of
fear has been almost unknown. But
TO put itself wholly into war the civil
population, like the army, must know
what it is to be afraid Then it will drop
everything else and attend to the busi-
ness of survival.
The effectiveness CT Germany in war
,is owing less to efficiency than to the
emotion of fear. Her military tactics
are dictated by fear. Hitting first and
below the belt was a cowardly act, just-
fed to the people by doctrine of fear.
For an offensive defensive the motive
is fear
The war madness OF the Hohcnzol-
lerns is itself frenzy of fear.
If the British and American people
were really afraid the war would go
very differently. Imagine how much
more effective we should be in war if
German shells were dropping in New
York!
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
"But the Engineers-"

Engineer" is a fine-sounding title
that suggests almost anything grand and
technical in the way of job In our
army it means everything from wire-cut-
ters and sappers on the front line to rail-
way engineers and pick and shovel labor
ers. Perhaps a. good many of us, in our
ignorance, have thought of these latter
as anything but soldiers, as laborers,
merely, behind the line, with the sound of
guns in the dim distance.
but the engineers dropped their tools,
and, seizing their arms, fought back
fiercely." If this has occurred once in
dispatches it has occurred dozen times.
The tools are never specified. 1t is hard
to find out just what sort of "engineer"
is referred to. They were American rail-
way engineers at Cambrai-the first
American soldiers to do any real fiphtin,
in the war. They seem to have been
railway engineers. again on the road to
Amiens. At any rate, "engineers''
dropped their tools again and fought.
fought so we'll that the Premier of Eng
land mentioned them in the House of
Commons as part of that immortal arnv
OF odds and ends with which Bripadier
General Carey stopped the gap.
So our old conception will have to be
modified considerably Engineers NAV
be equipped with the tools of peace. But
they can fight with the best of soldiers
whether they belong on the firing line or
not. "Only an engineer" promises to bc-
come one of the most honorable titles Of
the war.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
Sealing the Entente
(Irdnsldtcd from the "Bc,ncr Bund" n g,
rcUSpdDCr

'1'onS'dtca from the "Bcncr Bund," S,viss
nctrSpdpcr.)
inc French naval port of Brcst is at pres
ent devoted to the unloading of cargoes Of
war materials and provisions from North
America, and the United States has estab-
ilshed consulate for the regulation Of this
traffic. - ~
According to French papers, the new
american consul has, however, upon enter
ing on his functions found ouite an urox
pccted work, u vouminous file Of marr;oro
proposals by American tars who have follen
IN love with the daughters of the town of
brest, and, in accordance with the strict
morals of their country, want to seal their
love with formal marriage.
The formalitics Of such Franco American
unions, the papers add, are rather trouble
some, but the ladies Of Brest arc wait;no
with patience and good will.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16

and day out crusaders for Deutschthum.
The fight against the alliance must
therefore be taken up'n the states New
York has shown the way by disbanding
it's state German-American Alliance.
Other states should do likewise. Every
branch headquarters of this order is
centre of anti-Americanism-a hotbed
of poorly concealed intrigue and disaf
fection.
We cannot afford to cover over the
surface of this sore and let it 60 on fes-
tering. The whole infection Of German
hyphenatism should be cut out
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
To the Soldier in Training

THOSE who went first have taught u
how to die
The grim brown Briton and the gallan'
Gaul-
race front and striking! We, coming 'afu''.. y.
Must do as much-but this much is Nv
hrain, hand and eye trained, we must ''''-
to be
oiy as the serpent, secret ms the mo'e'
Remembering that the conqucror is ne -,
who, though he falls, trst takes a ''''''
tol
CHARLES LAW WATKINS
ihirty-second Regiment Artillerie 40 o~
payne, Armse Francaise.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
For Gentle Readers

The state of mind of the Auo...
tellectual OF pacitist persuasion h.s s 'n-
never been exposed with greater .,pp ,pethaps
tnan IN recent communication nnS,: S,aess
IN one OF the New York dailies .sned w,:s'
1aclie pen and with literary dexter;+, ..n a
once popular gentle reader. 49,: VI The
writer Hlrts airily from one inconsso"s .ne
dehnltlon of pacifism to another ~ s,.ual N,.al
his master stroke when at tho =, ,sn'eve
declares that though at the ontsot Use U ne
admitted himself to be pac;6st "e mad
done so in defiance only. LittIe AZ, nad
realize that, through takinc thor.t. ne
pacifism and its antithetic ideal of ne mat mat
ism were matters for complicated ;a.., w
lectual gymnastics, rather than tho '":e-
plest and most elemental express;ora - SIM
human soul, he had revealed h;s u 'ne
tion as he could have done in M a.s| posi'
way. If we must have defn;t;oa '"es 8.
pacifist, the best that l have heard 10 ~. y.
it is the feminine of pan-German. ans 1e. ~
Will doubtless be admitted shat tho'-, ~
less warlike, the female of the species sa -
sometimes not less dangerous than az
male. 1t is not open to question that the h0
insldlous propaganda of the pacifst il -
day an even greater menace than ~.
blatant shoutings of the pan German
Few outside the universities realize bo,,
many of our professors are thoroupblr :.
fected with pacifst doctrine, or how h,,a
full is their influence upon the tbousona.
of students at time when the nat;on -
girding itself for the grim business -
war to conserve the worlds civil;za+;os
The question is one that may we'll enooao
the serious attention Of governing hoard.
and alumni associations at time when
falling off in attendance is demandinc W.
trenchment and reduction of the teach;n,
force.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
Wilhelms Guests at the Drive
tFrom The Florida Times- Onion,

UFrom The Florida Timcs- Union,
Tho Germans issued invitations to corre-
spondcnts to witness their drive Wonder
II they Will fare as badly ms the CORE
Pondents who were invited to witness Nc
oowelis "on to Richmond" that ended so
abruptly ut Bull Run.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
Material Value of Hun D;n]on.c,
(From The Cicucian.

fFron The cicuc'and Plain Dcaler>
They arc making ,uits OF clothes ont Of
waste paper in Germany. So use has
been found for treaties.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16

which might be thought to Offset !,
barities Of the modern Hun. We W. IN .ne bar
dent that Britain's mistake in reass s.s cont
the American colonies, when she ns ssasd to
Cling under a German king to aos: %ss strug-
own independence of autocratic ,.sse rev her
not overlooked by the speaker. It s'.' !. T.: was
probable also that he did not ststs rs nlshy
audience that for the opportun;t,' 70 his
dress them he was indebted to Ere'. 70 ad- ID
fleet, long our bulwark against ~ +has'and's
and at the moment blocking the enemy Enemy
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
NelO RepubHcanis,r,

VSW NepQOllCQntSn
In no small measure accountability for
the blindness and apathy of American in
tellectuals in relation to the war must
be charged to the literary and political re-
view which for more than generation has
held the field practically unchallanged in
the esteem of the American scholar. Ad-
mittedly of high literary mert-the firm
basis of its hold upon the UNIVERSITY pro-
fessor-"The New York Nation" has con-
sistcntly preached the doctrine of pacifism
and been the determined foe of military
preparedness. With the outbreak of the
war the time seemed ripe for the launch
ing of political and literary weekly
which should have the courage to face is
sues squarely and to lead in forward
movement based upon recognition of our
responsibilities in world where ciyiliza-
ton was threatened with annihilation. "The
New Republic" with it's flippant, self-satis-
fed air and its generally aimless rhetoric
has but aggravated the existing situation.
An attack upon the pacifst suggestion of
submission to Germany causes it to fairly
sputter its disapproval, but by reversing
the page one encounters again the noYmal
complacency as in serio- comic vein the od-
eor regrets the governments suppression
or an abominably sedtious publication.
There was fddling, or so it has been
claimed, while Rome was burning.
Finely Balanced
In all fairness it must be acknow,edced
mat once the war was upon us the pac-
hst element among the intellectnls drew
comfort and support from the neutrality
proclamation which enjoined upon the
American people neutrality of thought as
we'll as action and some months later (De-
cember, 1919 from the message of Mr..
wilson delivered before a Joint session of
Congress, IN which it was declared that
the nation was adequately prepared and
that the causes of the war could not touch
US. These blows fell most heavily upon the
un'versltles, OF which thought is supposed
TO be In some sense speciality and where
the expression of it under ordinary cir
cumstances is hampered by but few re-
strictions.
ny presidents and governing boards at
some institutions professors were now
forbidden to express themselves concerning
the causes and issues Of tho war. or else
TO maintain strictly neutral attitude. Was
IL IN consequence of such injunctions that
an address denling with the causes of tho
war delivered by distinguished professor
OF history elected from woman Of no.
lorlously German sympathes the comment.
lt was fine; he balanced things so beauti-
iully'' Could praise be more damning?
we see the past centuries of British his
'ory carefully combed to gather incidents
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
,,r,,prn OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
The Associated Press exclusively entitled to the use
for republication dispatches credited to 1t or
not credited In this and also the local
news of spontaneous origin published herein
All rights republication Of all other matter herein
. also reserved.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16

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New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
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Mail Matter
New-York tribune., 1918-04-16

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New-York tribune., 1918-04-16
The Fzabby Highbrow
By Professor William Herbert Hobbs

ASSOCIATION at recurring annual meetings
received fresh infection of poison through
the addresses of DR.. David Starr Jordan
greatest of the false prophets in the in
tellectua field. While the fountain was
thus being poisoned at it's source, in al
most continuous performance upon the
lecture platform, William Jennings Bryan,
with ample mouth and powerful lungs, was
laundering the praise of his favorite nos
trums-his thirty-odd peace treates-Ger-
man scraps of paper; his Bolshevik de-
fence army of a million men grown mush-.
roomike overnight - observe our little
army in France fighting with French artil-
lery, French machine guns and without
aeroplares; and his plan to cntice the Ger
man army into the interior of the country,
to be there overwhelmed by embattled
farmers, armed with pitchforks-observe
the effect in Russia to-day.
Two
To meet this we'll paid propaganda Of
error the universities supplied no out
standing figures to refute the arguments
which were being put forward. Two sturdy
champions there were in Colonel Roose-
velt and General Leonard Wood the former
the vocalized conscience of the American
people, and the latter the Lord Roberts Of
the American preparedness movement
1t will be profitable to inquire why the
clear vision and courageous utterance
which the nation had right to expect from
it's own intellectuals, and especially from
it's university professors, was so sadly
wanting in this crisis.
To the writer it has long seemed that
our system of training in research through
its elevation into a fetch of the cult of
cpenmindedness has in a measure taken
from the student his power to evaluate
and the discernment, and, even more, the
courage, necessary to arrive at a decision.
Non-essentials have been magnifed and
hopelessly entangled with really vital con-
siderations, and it is the exceptional man
only who has been able to rise above the
system and by penetrating through the &C.
cumulated rubbish of unessentials fix his
attention unerringy upon the heart of the
problem. 1t is sometimes almost pitiful to
observe in lectures this protracted balanc-
ing of unessentials without the ability to
reach a decision, and the parading of it be-
fore the public as though it were a badge of
distinction. This inability to arrive at de-
cisions explains why so many business men
have declared that too much education de-
stroys initiative
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1918-04-19

xated Iron. try
ray me- dzieh pc
jedzeniu przez z
~tygodnie. Potem
~wypr6bujcie swo-
Ia sIle poXt6rnie
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1918-04-19

sci nowela Overmana, ktora mia
ia eel ten osiagnac, nadajac prezy-
dentowi wladze nietylko przepro-
wadzania potrzebnych zmian w
departamentach Wykonawczych,
ale nawet przenaszania aproprya-'
cyl tam, gdzie beda konieczne.
Poniewaz nowela ia nadaje pre-
zydentowi wyjatkowo szeroka
wladze, dlatego ~jcszcze pokutuje
w k~ongresie, ktorcgo zazdrosc o
swc funkcye jest tradycyjna. "
rozszcrzeniu wiadzy admit
n~istracyi kongrcs zawszc dopa--
trujc sig ograniczenia, swej VIA
dry.
LcCz opozyCya stopn1owo "a
micra. KoniecznoSc w~ojenna jest
nicubiagana %miStrzyniq. Pod pre-
sya wojcnna powstaf naczclny
w0dz armii alianckich we Francyi.
Pod ia samq preSya prEejdzic
take noWcla Ovcrmana.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1918-04-19
0fiary ma cele narodo,
we i d%obroczynne.

PokwitOwania oflar Zlozonych ma
ceIe narodowe lub dobroczynne, Ia
mieszczamy wnaszem pismie tylko
wtedy, gdy je nam nade$la uprawnio-
ne do zbierania takich ofiar Komite-
ty, aIbo Zarzady zaklad6w dobroczyn
nych, albo to wtedy, kiedy zostana
zlozOne W naszej Administracyi do
wysIania do owych Komitet6w i Ia
rzad6w.
Me umieszczamy zas nadsyianych
nam wiadomosci o kolektowaniu te-
20 rodzaiu ofiar PREY r6znych spo-
sobno$ciach prywatnychh, dOp6k o.
we komitety lub zarzady nam ME
nadesla sprawozdah, IL je Otrzymafy.
Jezeli przeto zarzadzi sic jakas ko-
lekta na cele patryotyczne, albo do
broczynne ma jakichS ~prywatnych "a
bawach, w~eselachh, chrzcinach itp.,
10 przedewszystkiem nalezy pienfa--
DE Zebrane ziozyS W biuracn komf-
tet6w Inp. P. c. X. R. lub Rady Ma
rodowej lub innych organizacyi, al
bo tez W biurze Zarzadu zakiadu do
broczynnego), albo wreszcie W a.
szej Administracyi do wyslania W
miejsce wlaSciwe i prosit o zamiesz-
genie pokwitowania W naszem pis-
mic. Nadesiana do mas prywatnie
wiadomose O zarzadzeniu takiej ko--
lekty idzie niezmiennie do kosza bez
uwzglednienia.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1918-04-19

Uwaga. - Wedle proklamacyl
Prezydenta, kupcy drobiazgowl
musza sprzedawac, a odbiorcy
muszq kupowac Z kazdym funtem
bia1ej maxi, jeden funt jakiegos
substytutu. Pozostawia sic do
wyboru odbiorcow jake substytu-
ty, maxi i kaszki noszace w targu
Navy: cornmeal, corn grits, corn
corn flour, barley flour,
rice, rice flour, oatmeal, rolled
oats, sweet potato flour, soy bean
f~eterita flours, ~feterita
meals. Mqka zytnia moze bye
sprzedawana bez substytutow.
Maka czysto pszenna i maka gra-
ham (zawierajaca 100 procent
czystej pszenicy) ma bye sprzeda
wana wedle normy jednego a.
iunta czysto pszennej lub ,,gra--
ham" maxi z szeSciu dziesiatemi
(6-1O) funta substytutu. Kupiec
must wymieniG cene kazdego ar
tykulu PREY sprzedazy mieszanej,
Il ME podawac ceny kombinacyi.
prnu,s Itnfdy ieKrrE pOIpkI slals o.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1918-04-19
MACIERZ POLSKA.
TELEFON MONROE 1903.
ZARzAD GLowNYi

ZARzAD GLOWING
Ks. Franciszek Gordon. Moderator.
Ks A. A. Klowo. Wice-Moderator.
wojcisch F. Soska. PreEes.
AntonIna Baranowska. WlceprezeskA
woJciech MenkIcki. W~ice-preZes.
Tomasz s BlachowSki, Sekretarz
Franciszek WItkowski, Skaronlk.
Stanislaw L!cZmanski. Dyrektor.
wlaiyslaw Lopatka, Dyrektor.
Antoni Mazurx. Dyrektor.
Leokadya KoncZyk. Dyrektor6s-
Franciszka Bieschks. D~yrektorkn-
DR.. Fr. A. Dulak. Lekarz Naczelny.
At Az. GOV 3! 1wE6 i M.2dss' K R1Taaf ssE Rf' oss.
GODZINY BIUROwEt
Biuro Zarzadu G}ownego otwarte W
ani powszednle cd godz. s-teJ rano DO
S-teJ wieczorem, wv sobote do lei po-
pofudnIu). Wieczorem. W dnI powszed-
FEnej 10 s-te1. w nisdzieie / swists
nroczystA 0buro Jest zamkniete.
Prezesa; W p~oniedZlaiki 1 pistki WIFE,
Horami Cd godziny 7-mej do s-teI-
wszslkis koresp ondsncye DO GaoWns-
70 Prezesa nalezv adfesowac:
wOJCIECH F.. soSKA,
sekrstarzaI W ponledzlaikI, wtorkL
hrody 4 cZwartki. WiscEorami Cd godzi-
ny 7-mej do 9-tei, I Cd 1-szej popolu~
aniu codEiennis, z wyjatkiem soooty. Cd
g-NCl ~ -N~Sg-
skarbnf<at we wtorki, srody 4 piatki
cd godZlny 7-mej do s-tej wteczorem.
ukfadania oplat. WsZelkie opSaty do IA.
~ G4ownei przyjmuJe Kasyer Glowny
podczaS godzin otisowych, albo we dnie
v godsinsoh o~fisowych. Sekretars &C.
neralny.
wszelkis l4sty nadsylac nalety na ~.
% Sekretarza Generalnego:
TOM. 9. BLACHOwSKI,
Secretary Polish Alma Mater,
Ht6S w. Division str, Chicago, III.
FINANyE.
PEeka1y bankowe poc1towe
tohecks, money orders etc.) naleky w.
ytGwiac ma org~aniBacys:
POLISH ALMA MATER,
prxesyfac pod adresem:
FIR. wITKOwsKI,
H&B W. Division STIR Chicago, IN.
,,Macierz POlska".
Biuro zarzadu Gl6wnego:
lA55-57 w. Division Utica,
Ma drugiem pietrka
Chicago, ILL