Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-27
Cpkecp Of Great Importance
TO Automobiles.
CLOSE WATCH is NECESSARY
No Danger Signals Given When Sys-
tenn Fails, and Niotorist Must Dc
pend Upon Results OF Careful At
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. and Answers.
copyright lelS by Frederick C.
i.mrrrlirhN

thai thc engine wiz so run. and huS
rot show that THIS system !srot work
'Hc properly. coupled with the tact that
Wien tho engine runs without lubrjcat-
!rr $Crr parts az il, as tn" hearings.
VIII hc burned out, or tho cylinders
become scored. means that II mus; re-
cciNc INC greatest Of care.
Loss Of power missing. engine stop
ring or failing TO start. will he a
signal TO YOU that something is wrong
with tho ignition or carhure;or system.
Or that there is loss OF compression:
bat there is II" such signal. except
when the harm has already been done.
- tell YOU that tho fabrication or the
cooling systcme arc not functionnc
i'ronrrir. You must know that the Vat
tc- lwo are operating, and tho orly
"sN "a know j. by watching them.
TIE illustration shows tho course ..
tho oil IN what is known rs tho CON
slant leTcl splash system. a system
Il used more than amy other. other sys-
tens may vary from tbs by having an
arrangement Of tho piping SO ~ to
haT" tho oil aow direct TO the main
hearings. while still others have a hol-
low crank shaft. through which the
oil flows from the main bearings 10 tho
conrcr;inE rod bearings. The course OF
tho oil UP 10 tho bearings. however. is
tho same on most cars az that shown
in the illustration.
bottom crank case. which acts as the
oil reservoir first passes through the
screen. thon goes TO tho pump from
which 1t is pumped 20 tho sight gauge
on the dash, from which 1t flows by
gravity To tho main hearings. or direct
10 the 'roughe. from which Il is
sp!ashed about by tho movemcn. OF
tho crank shaft. 50 as Ia get on to
~ tho parts which require lubrica-
ton.
We FIRST encounter the oil IN the
crank case, or reservoir. into which it
i. poured Through tho h-cathc- ,uhr.
Here your only problem IL 10 have tho
oil III tn" proper level Cars arc
equipped with ono OF two means - toll
this. some cars have - gauge which
Will indicate the level OF the oil some
times these gauges by sticking. VIII
rot sink with the oil and so viii ind
cStc that there is more oil in the crank
case than there really is. The gauges
ere practically always acsuatcd by a
Hoat, and sometimes this Goa: viii be-
como puncturea and partly filled with
cil. The result will, be that tho gauge
will indicate that there is too little oil
when there is plenty. The writer has
seen many cases whore people spent
considerable money tr:tus 10 overcome
smoking engine and the using up oc
TOO great amount Of oil when the
trouble was that they fed tn. oil TOO
fast because OF being deceived hv The
gauge.
While many cars are equipped with
gauges. as above, others simply have
two pct-cocks in the side O; the crank
case. The oil must never come 50 low
a. rot 10 flow out of the bottom Of
,hese when ii is opened. nor 50 high
as 10 now out of the top Que.
After the reservoir comes the screen.
Tn. purpose OF this IL 10 screen out the
dirt. Every particle OF dirt which does
no; 20 through i Will gather on X, and
IN time so nuch win have gathered -
70 prevent the o. passing through Il
nine ont Of zen cases when ,hc oil does
not r.lcG!Ac" properly til" screen Is az
fault, !, should be taken out ana yican-
Cd At least once in every 10000 miles.
and n the oader ears ia which II sen-
er"l!y j. sria.!sr 'tian in tho never,
cftcn-r- In nan% cars Ia Get At the
screen il is necessary to remove the
%cX. after TIC screen comes the
pump. While parts OF this viii some
iines break. making II imperative. II
i on the whole q very reliable piece
OF mechanism.
After the pump comes the pressure
gauge, or sight glass. which viii be
found on the dash. II YOU have the
pressure gauge YOU should study i, and
know just what the pressure is for the
various ear speeds, and should the
- -, 80, :, -" -
~ WI n''o"u.s D" IN"
30, s,o.1s ~" ~, 80. s."SS,
~ shou'u ""'Sh t!r SpH'd "t me OF
as y pa"ses through 1t for Tao various
'"r h'css Hr"
-. ~ ~ - +" ''N -" mus
80, -. ~ ~, y. w W "h"a
octS more bk" dirty water than OIL.
."n" nus ~
80. p'"s =" r. '''-
80 roy lh,s Nht
~ '' u, ~" iot ~
~ n,. 49," ,"e on "t o"
,n.,l- i. ~ nr1. -, .. ~ CSC 's
~ ""'s Sl"bheh-Hp flpe can
=, ~. ,,,,. s-... ..,
. older ones. are nam. H. no
that is. III draining No. ola osi,,
Inc crank as. n.rfn,;t.,lI,
pIenishinc IL yyi.G IRAN ,4
ever 1900 miles ms gnot,Ia hc In,,.
Failure To 90 50 NAV seem 10 do no
harm but the life ~ Til. engine at,d