davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
Employees in
Closed Plants
ToLoseWages
Steel Corporation Announces
Policy; Against Custom
to Pay, Says Gary

closed factories are not going to pay
wages to idle workers. This seemed
to be the country wide verdict Of en-
ployers last night on the problem
whether labor should suffer with cap
ital in the tic-up incident to the en-
forcemcnt of the fuel administrations s
ruling. Though there may be cxccp-
tions, inquiry in many cities yester-
day Indicated employees would thus be
penalized.
In the East. the greatest Of all cor
ploying 275,00o hands, made known its
decision in the matter through its
chairman, +. II. Gary. He said:
I'VE shall probably not pay the
wages Of our men when they are not
actually employed. To 90 so would be
contrary to the custom Of the trade
and would establish precedent that
would eventually be unfair to the en-
ployer and the employe."
Mr.. Cay made this statement after
an all-day conference here at the of
fees of the Steel Corporation, which
was attended not only by the members
of the finance committee Of the cor
poration, but by members Of the iron
and steel committee Of the American
Iron and Steel Institute. embracing
the country's greatest steel manufact-
urers. 1t is understood, therefore,
that the policy of the steel corporation
will be the policy of all in the steel
trade.
What the closing down of the Steel
Corporations plants will mean to
nearly 100000 workers, with their pay
stopped during the five days begin
n
day tor the next ten weeks, is shown
by the figures made pubic when the
last wage advance went into effect. on
October ], 1917. Under this wage scale
common laborers we're raised to about
So day. With d five-day cessation
OF work, not including Monday holi-
days, the loss to them alone would be
in excess Of sS00,0OO
New York's great department store
owners took similar stand, and, al
though the days confusing and COM
plex events precluded anything like
general concerted action among en-
tended to show that capital as a gem
eral thing did not feel called upon to
bear the double burden OF shut plants
and undiminishcd pay-rolls.
One conspicuous exception was
found in the brewing industry, whose
members. although deplorins the pros
pect of heavy financial loss, issued a
statement which, though not stating
specifically that wages would be paid
during the period of idleness, said they
would sec that employees should mot
suffer-
Whether second thought and more
mature consideration of the pleas of
Dr Garfield and Samuel Gompers,
president of the American Federation
of Labor, that labor's interests be pro-
tected, would bring a change in the sit
uation no employers cared to predict
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18

A wave of indignant protest against
tho governments drastic fuel restric.
ton order which swept over Congress
to day eliminated in the adoption by
the Senate tonight, so to 19, of reso-
luton requesting q five days suspen-
sion of the orders. Efforts to get a
vote on a similar resolution in the
House was blocked by objection.
Hours were spent in stormy debate
IN both Senate and House, members
vehemently characteri2ing the fuel ad-
ministratlon's step "a entailing "na-
tional calamity and "industrial paraly-
sis" Partisan lines were largely dis
regarded, particularly in the Senate,
and when it became apparent that the
order was going into effect in spite Of
the Senate request, plans were laid for
submitting an appeal directly to Prcsi
dent Wilson tomorrow.
issuance Of the orders tonight was
a great discourtesy to the Senate" said
Senator Hitchcock, author of the reso-
luton adopted. but do not see how
Congress can now act to suspend their
operation | hardly see what further
step can be taken by Congress-. except
by appeal to the President, in time to
stay their eXecution.'
May Rescind Garfield's Power
Suspension or repeal of that part of
the Lever food control law under which
Fuel Administrator Garfield acted was
one OF the proposals considered by
members of Congress to-day. Senator
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18

ships and full operation OF coal mines
will obviatc the need of shutting down
the industrial machinery of the cOun-
try and meet the need of the present
situation"
The resolution was referred to the
Agricultural Committee. It's preamble
rccitcs that the order would throw out
Of employment thousands Of workers.
and that the intermittent running of
the industrial machinery Of the coun
try would not result in any consider
able saving Of fue! because large fur
naces and steam plants cannot be cN
tinguished and started again with any
economy in fuel.
Representative Madden. Of Illinois,
Republican, denounced tho order as
unnecessary.
Republican Leader Gi!lctt, after a
conference with Representatives. Len
root, of Wisconsin,; Moore, of Penn
sylvania. and others, perfected post
ponement resolution and immc cdiatcly
conferred with Democratic Leader
Kitchin with a view to enlisting sup
port from the Democratic side.
Mr. kitchin announced, however,
that he could not support the resolu-
ton and would object to it. The Gillett
resolution says:
INSSOINCN, 1 udL tHc IlOuSc IcEIClS
the summary action Of the fuel admin
istrator in suddenly closing the indus
tries dependent upon coal supply, and
in view of the disorganization Of essen
tlal industries certain to follow, and
the consequent idlencss and distress Of
labor, urges a nsdcration Of the
order by the President, and that final
action thereon be taken only after h,- IS
fully advised Of its effect
Urges Upholdng OF Order
representative Eainey (Demc- y,
of Illinois. said he admitted the ~~un-
try was without information as TO the
situation back Of the step, but that
every loyal citizen should uphold the
order. He urged that criticism should
await investigation, and that there
should be constructive work in the
Of those who are leading the country"
cam, of Wisconsin,. said the country
was "stung," and that "f this order
is necessary now it is due to absolute
incompetency on the part of some one
during the last few months"
"lt 1t is necessary,' Mr.. Lenroot
added, then we have now, on Ameri-
can soil, lost the first battle against
Germany"
eve could shut down every saloon
east of the Mississippi River" he
said, without any loss, and, if neces-
sary, every brewery and every luxury
producing concern could be shut
down."
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
They Are Engaged in Inn
perative War Work,
Says Garfield
Will Get Fuel Supply
New York Shipbuilding Com
pany Included in
the List

WASHINGTON. Jan. 17.-Spccihc eS-
cmption from tho provisions Of the
fuel restriction order was given by the
fuel administration tonight to certain
shlpyards engaged on government
work, few plants turning out prod
ucts needed Immediately bv the army
or navy and to the parts of certain
munition plants making boiler tubing
for ships.
This statement was issued by the
administration:
"Fucl Administrator Garfield to-day
exempted from the operation Of the
order curtailing the industrial con-
sumption of coal certain concerns en-
gagged in imperative war work. Orders
were issued tonight to provide sup
ply of coal for concerns of the follow
ing list, compiled by the United States
fuel administrator, from information
furnished by the Secretary Of War and
the Secretary Of the Navy:
"The Bath Iron Works, Bath, Me.
"Forc River Shipbuilding Corpora
ton, Quincy, Mass.
civilian Cramp L. Son, Philadelphia
"New York Shipbuilding Company.
"Newport News Shipbuilding and
Drydocks Company.
"Camden Forge Company, Camden,
N. j..
"Allis- Chalmers.
"Erc Forge Company, Erie, Penn.
"Babcock and Wilcox Company,
Baycnne. n. J.
following firms as are engaged in the
manufacture of seamless tubes, less
than ~ inch in diameter:
"National Tube Company, McKeesport;
Pittsburgh Steel Tube Company and
Pittsburgh Steel Products Company
Pittsburgh Penn; Ohio Seamless Tube
Company, Shelby, Ohio.
THAT part of the plants of the fol-
loving firms engaged in the manufact-
ure of condenser tubes, IS inch in
diameter:
rAwcrican Brass Company and
Bridgeport Brass Company, Bridgeport,
Conn.
General Electric Company, Lynn,
"Du Pont Powder plants at Carney s
Point, n. j.; Hopewell. Va; Haskell,
n. j.; Parlin, N. j.. and Barksdale, Wis.
Savage Arms Company, Utica, N. Y,
Marlin Arms Company, New Haven,
Conn.
Remington L. NJ. c. Company, plants
az Bridgeport; Illion, N. Y; Hoboken,
n. J. and Swanton, Vt.
Gold Barrel Firearms Company
Hartford.
"MarlinRockwel Corporation, New
haven.
Winchester Repeating Arms Com
pany, Eddystone, Penn.
United States Cartridge Company,
Lowell, Mass.
National Pressed and Copper Tube
Company, Hastings, N. Y.
"Peters Cartridge Company, Cincin
natl.
"Wstern Cartridge Company, Upper
Alton, Ill.
Smith & Wesson, Springfield Mass.
United States Machine Gun Com
pany, Meriden, Conn.
"Bethlehem Steel Company, South
Bethlehem Penn.
"Midvale Steel Company, Nicetown.
Penn.
"Hydraulic Pressed Steel Company.
Cleveland.
"Ameriean Car and Foundry Com
pany. Detroit
"'Iercules Powder Company.
4Etna Powder Company"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
Massachusetts Fuel
Chief Gives Rules for
Observance Of Order

BOSTON. Jan. 17.-Certain basic
principles to guide the manufacturers
in the state in following the closing
order OF the national fuel admnistra-
tion were announced tonight by James
J. Storrow, the state fuel administra-
tor. The rulings were made as a result
Of the visit of hundreds of manufact-
urers to the fuel administration office
to-day. Mr.. Storrow was helped in
making his decisions by corps Of law
yers, who volunteered their services in
response to his call. The rulings
state:
Any manufacturing plant may oper-
ate on Friday, Saturday and Tuesday
provided no part of its power is de-
rived from fuel.
On Monday no business concern Of
any sort (other than those excepted
by the national fuel administration
may operate .if their use requires heat
ing beyond the point necessary to pro-
tect their plants from freezing.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18

asked, "to stop the factories when
there are avowed shortages in MANY
materials ?"
I'VE must save the cars and therefore
must stop the piling up Of supplies for
shipment"
Senator Reed estimated that there
were 100000 wage earners in indus.
tries, and If 5000 900 we're thrown ont
OF work by this order there would be a
loss Of S15,O00,0OO a day if So a dav
! were al owed for each. He believed
the production loss would run the total
y billion dollars.
You have the same loss on SUNDAYS
and holidays" Garfield replied ~,
GARFIELD said the car shortage was the
great trouble. and insisted the order
would relieve that situation, as we'll as
saving coal. 90
b Chairman Reed disagreed vicorous1,
ana declared: "l think it highly neces
ssary chat YOU change this order. II Won
have the liberty to do So"
Senator Jones. of New Mexico. said
ne was informed that it was the pur-
pose OF the fuel adm nstration TO nur-
chase all the coal mined in the Ave dav
period. u's
Dr. Garfield said it only was the nur-
pose to buy the coal which otherwise
might not be produced.
Asks Modification of Order
Il certainly hope" added Senator
Reed, after the hearing had progressed
Tor an hour that you will see 6t n
modify this order DR.. Garfield. 1ts
economic effect is appalling"
i wish you would state more fully
the extent of your discussion of th;s
order with business men," said Senator
Jones. 'N ''e'"'o'
u he result of P. B. Noyes's trim r.
boston and New York this week to rain
information from business men. Ta;l.
road officials and state fuel adminis-
traitors led US to believe that an orde,
substantially as that issued was neces.
sary, answered DR.. Garfield.
pr. Garfield explained his recenr
order giving state administrators nower
TO divert coal, but said he did not az.
thorize them to take coal from on,
plant and give it to another.
Protests by industries against var;
Gus rulings, he said, convinced him ~ 81
general curtailment plan should ho
put into effect ~
Could not the same end be reached
by allowing factories having coal tn
operate - asked Senator Vardaman
II don't think so. The factory with
tuel will be out in a few day, ana COM COM
dhtlons would not be remedied." he an
swered. '~ %"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
Garfield, After Tvo Hours Grilling,
Fails to Satisfy Senate Committee

Fuel Administrator Garfield under
went d two hours grilling to-day at
the hands of the Senate committee in.
vestgating the coal shortage, which
called him before it TO explain his
reasons for issuing the order shutting
down industries to save coal.
DR.. Garfield declared the order was
made imperative because Of the fuel
and transportation crises. If coal were
not cut off to all Industries for a
period many Of them, he said, would
be forced to close anyhow, and the gov
ernment in closing down everything
intended 10 treat all alike.
The order was made necessary, DR..
GARFIELD said, by trans sportation con-
ditions, which had made it impossible
to supply industries and at the same
time furnish homes and public institu-
tlons. The necessity for movinp ships.
he SAID, was so great that drastic
measures were compulsory.
Not Due to Lack OF Production
"Ihis order was issued because Of a
lack Of coal for private consumers and
Utllitles,' said he "This was no,
'Nu ~ t''en VI PiouuCllOt, Dut, as
we al know, by conditions we have
faced since December g." The Fuel
administrator evidently referred to
weather conditions.
u have been discussing this with
business men for a month" said DR..
Garfield. 'If companies fail to nav
wages for these idle days they will no.
be doing their part"
DR.. Garfield lold the committee ware
houses We're jammed with supplies.
with no ships to move them. and that
many Of what ships there are cannot
move for lack of coal.
i wonder if the public appreciates s
how necessary it is to move this ma
terial? % he added.
ut was not the purpose to take coal
from one factory to give it to another"
he explained
necessary article when it has coal y,
asked Senator Reed.
I'VE wish to keep factories from
loading more cars on tracks," DR.. Gar
uel0 answered. "And, in reality. most
factories are pretty we'll loaded up ON
lroducts.'
Shortage of 35,O0O,0 900 Tons
The shortage of bituminous coal be-
year amounted to about 35 900 900
tons. he said, and that must be made
up some way.
Senator Reed declared that if the
35,ooo,0oo tons deficiency were made up
by stopping factories tho country still
would have to make up the goods lost
by the closing down OF factories. The
government, he said. would create u
goods shortage, instead OF coal short
age. and at the same time the country
would have lost fifty times the value Of
the coal IN wages lost.
The shortage can be made up" DR..
Garfield said, "only by increasing pro
duction and by decreasing consumption.
There is an overproduction of goods"
"There is q shortage Of goods, not an
ovcrproduction," insisted Reed. He de-
clared 1t was unfair to permit plants
using water power to run while stop
ping those using coal.
Il have no authority over water
power" replied Dir. Garfield, but |
would Ike to see all industry. of every
kind. close down ON the Monday holi
days"
Isn't it dangerous,7 Senator Reed
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
Army Uniform Plans
Are Not Restricted
Julius Rosenwald Says Re.
serve Will Provide for
Men Called

WASHINGTON, Jan. 1.-THE gov
eminent fuel restriction programme
will not interfere seriously with the
unitorming Of the National Army. in
the opinion of Julius Rosenwald, chair
man Of the section on supplies Of the
Council OF National Defence
NV e are on top Of the Job now" Mr.
Rosenwald said, with sufficient re-
serve on hand and in sight to take care
OF Whatever new men are called"
Mr.. Rosenwald presented his latest
reports showing that up to January
IL there had been delivered o.742. .000
overcoats,. 1o,6oo,0Oo pairs Of shoes.
100000 woollen breeches, Zoo. 900
Woollen coats. 100000 flannel outor
shirts. 100000 cotton breeches, p,
oov,ooo cotton coats and 100000
rubber coats. Up to January ) thera
had been delivered 6,400, 900 blankets
more than 100000 comfortablcs and
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
Saloons Must Close
Or Be Heatless

Prohibition of the use of fuel by
various consumers will close hotel and
cafe bars in the eastern half of the
country on the Monday holidays un-
less the managements prefer their es
tablishments to be hcatless. The clause
including saloons among those con-
sumers which may not burn coal on
the next ten Mondays. from January
u to March %, contained an added pro-
vision excepting hotels and public eat
ing houses from the operation Of the
order, provided they neither sell nor
serve Intoxicating liquors on the days
in question.
Another difference from the prclim-
nary abstract is in provision that
operation Of manufacturing plants
which must be kept running continu
ously to prevent serious damage must
be "onlv to such an extent as is neces-
sary" during the next five days and
the succeeding ten Mondays. This
would apply to blast furnaces and other
such plants.
In their Monday editions, which arc
limited to those ordinarily issued on
holidays, newspapers are enjoined from
issuing the large editions put out on
Sundays.
Public utilities buildings. telegraph
and telephone Offices have been added
III the official order to the list Of bust
ness buildings which may be heated on
the Monday holidays. g
The order for preferential sale to
specified consumers is made effective
"until further notice." The clause for
diversion OF fuel to them is effective
only from january Is to %, inclusive
Prohibition OF the use of fuel by man
ufacturing plants, with certain eXcep-
tons, is operative January Is to 22, in
elusive. and the nine succeeding Mon
days. up to and including March %. Il
total OF twelve and one-half working
days, if Sunday is counted out and Sat
urday is regarded, as in many indus
tries, as half holiday.
Prohibition OF the use Of fuel for
heating Office buildings and stores, with
certain exceptions, is effective on the
ten Mondays January II to March 25.
Violation of the order is punishable
by the penalties provided in the Lever
bill, $4,000 fine or two years impris on
ment, or both
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
Garfield Says Labor
Will Not Bear Burden

WASHINGTON. Jan. 17.-Fucl Ad.
minlstrator Garfield to-day sent the
1IolioWng telegram to John p. White
ms assistant, at the miners convention
at Indianapolis:
Please state that the order clos
ing industries for five days will not
SLOW down miners. l am making pro-
vision for that. and also include in
my appeal request that labor be not
allowed to suffer during five days or
subsequent Mondays affected by or
der. [ feel confident great mass of
employers throughout country will
regard this as necessary incident of
the war to be borne by them and not
shifted 10 labor"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
House Takes Steps
To Adjourn by June

WASHINGTON, Jan. IL Speeding
up OF all appropriat ton measures by
avoiding unnecessary hearings and all
possible delays, with view to conclud-
ing all business of the House by May
Is and readiness to adjourn Congress
by June 1 was agreed upon at a con-
ference to-day between Speaker Clark.
chairmen of all the leading committees
OF the House.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
I uCI OF AII N1nQS
Meant, Is Belief

Although first interpretations Of the
order indicated that its provisions
would not apply to the use of wood,
oil, gas and other forms of fuel, to-
night it was declared that all fuel Of
every description was intended. Pro
duction of fuel Will not be intcrfered
with in any way
Officials tonight varied widely in
their views of the wisdom of the order.
apparently few were consulted before it
finally was decided upon at a confer
cncc yesterday between President Will
son, DR.. Garfield and Secretaries Baker
and Daniels. Many took the view of
business men who We're heard from
by the thousands that it would do far
more harm than good.
The war service committee of the
Chamber of Commerce of the United
States intercepted DR.. Garfield at the
Capitol, and after an hours conference
issued statement filled with objec-
tons to the plan. but saying that now
it had been ordered it should be COM
piled with Loyalty.
Organized labor's attitude was set
forth tonight by Samuel Gompers,
president of the American Federation
of Labor, who issued a statement de-
though they would be the chief suffer
ers. would maintain loyal stand
Doubt was expressed by Mr.. Gompers
that the tive-day suspension was the
hest way to meet the situation, and he
suggested that a wiser course would
have been to place all industries Of the
country on an eight-hour basis during
the war.
Dr. Garfield appealed tonight
through the press to all employers af-
fected by the order to pay their en-
ployes while their plants are closed
down. just as il they were in full ope-
ration.
at is their patriotic duty" DR.. Car
field said, "and they should rise to the
OCCASION"
To keep up maximum fuel produc-
ton Dr.. Garfield tonight wired coal
operators who are under contract to
supply industries which will be shut
down to ship coal as usual, cons gning
it to state fuel administrators, with
draft attached. The Government thus
will become purchaser of all coal mined
where the consignce is forbidden from
receiving it. A sum of $25,00O,OOO will
be set aside for making purchases.
DR.. Garfield to-day telegraphed to
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18

John p. White. head of the Fuel Ad-
mnistration's labor division, who is at
Indianapolis, TO inform the miners that
the closing order will not slow down
production. Mr.. White was instructed
also to request capital not to shift the
burden TO labor.
Schools were declared exempted to-
night from The closing order under
which they. are classsd ns municipal
buildings. Fuel. officials held, may go to
schools freely. not only during the five
day period, but on the Monday holidays
as we'll.
After conference with DR.. Garfield
Tonight Food Administrator Hoover
issued the following statement IN that
connection:
1t is my understanding that DR..
Garfeld's order does not include
grain elevators, grain mills, bakeries,
stockyards. meat packing establish
ments. cold storage houses, sugar
factories and refining plants, or any
other form of food industry.
"Further, there arc certain other
industries not directly handling
foods upon which food production
depo nds, and DR. Garfield has agreed
to leave determination Of the posi-
tion of these industries to state
supplies for them through state fuel
administrators. The flow of food
stuffs must continue without inter-
ruption.'
In giving preferential treatment to
certain classes of consumers not only
are fuel dealers ordered to supply
these consumers first, but state fuel
administrators are "empowcred and
directed" to divert to the classes
specified such fuel as arrives for other
consumers in their communities dur
ing the next five days. Under this
clause large quantities Of coal en- route
from the mines to factories. Office
buildings and stores must he seized by
the state administrators and dis
fributcd
No order of preference is established
between the classes which are allowed
TO receive coal. The abstract Of the
order given out last night put these
classes under sub heads. indicating tina,
they would be supplied in the order
named. The official text retains the
same order railroads. domestic con-
sumers, public utilities, ships, govern
ment purposes and manufacturers Of
perishable foods-but grouped them ali
together, and one has no precedence
over the other.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
Canadian Flying Cadet Killed

FORT WORTH. Tex. Jan. 17-rad.+
y. II. Rogers, Of the Royal Flying
Corps, was killed at noon o-day while
trying. spinning nose dive for the
iirst time. His home was in Canada.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
American Ship Monitor
DESTROYED by U.Boat

LONDON, Jan. 17.-Thc America,
sailing vessel Monitor has been sum.
by a submarine near Fuerteventura
one Of the Canary Islands, a dispatch
from Las Palmas reports The crew
was saved.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18
How Senate Voted
On Resolution to
Delay Coal Order

VASYlNCTON. Jan. 17.-Tnc uotc on the
Hachcoch resolution requesting that the
Gortcld closing ordcr be h'ld mp fire days
foliows:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-18

more than 100000 suits of heavv
"''