davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
NEW CRISIS IN
THE WORLD WAR
B0Isheviki Surrender Brings
New Troubles.
MAY MAKE ENEMY OF RUSSIA
Japs, On Other Hand, If Restrained,
May Withdraw From Active Par
ticipatjon In War-Future With
Russian People.

Washington.-It is recognized in
! all official circles of Washington that
| a new crisis has been reached in the
world war and that the surrender of
the Bolsheviki delegates at Brest
Litovsk has forced issues of greater
moment than any that has been faced
since the United States entered the
war.
The two most important questions
in the world today are whether or
not Japan should be encouraged to
launch a campaign against Germany
in Eastern Siberia and whether or not
there is a dormant spirit in the Rus
sian people which, threatened with
bondage, will demand that the Rus
sian nation stand erect once more,
defy its enemies and prepare to fight
to the death for its life.
The attitude of this Government
upon the first Of these questions is
contingent to large degree upon the
answer which the Russian people
if Russia, in spite of weak and whil,
ing plant of the Bolsheviki, shows
that it means to repudiate the peace
now ordered, the United States very
likely viii! use whatever influence it
has to restrain the Japanese.
But if the Russians meekly lay
down and invite slavery, as have the
irresponsible group of adventures
who have acted as their spokesman,
and if it appears that Germany is
about to appropriate whatever there
may be in Russia of military value, it
seems morally certain that the United
States will offer no objection what
ever to the plans of Japan, but, on
the contrary, might unite with the
japanese in the Siberian campaign.
Meantime, it can be stated upon au-
thority that the United States at the
present time has no working agree
ment with Japan upon the Far East
ern question. and that it is still free
to oppose Japan's proposals or to con-
sent to them in the exchanges of
views now going on between Wash
ington, London, Paris and Toxic. In
view of this circumstance, it is now
doubted whether or not the British
Government has championed the bold
plans which the Japs have laid before
the Entente.
The result of Russia's second peace
conference did not come with shock
to Washington officials. Nothing that
could come from that turbulent coun-
try can now surprise this Government
1t is equally prepared for good or evil
report. There would be no greater
sensation felt in this city if all Rus
STA were to rise up to fight the Hun
than if all Russia rose up to welcome
the invader and volunteered to sup
port Germany's enemies Official
Washington is shock-proof against all
Russian news, just as it was few
years ago against all Mexican news.
This does not mean that there is
here as to events in Rus
STA or lack Of appreciation as to the
bearing of them upon the
future of the war and the possible flu
ture of the world. As matter of fact.
the deepest concern, in fact, anxiety |
is felt here over the whole business.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09

it necessary for masked Americans to
man the 'fire-steps of the trenches.
This was responsible for the casual
ties. which were light, considering con-
ditiOns.
Additional casualties developed, and
the total of dead was raised from
three to five.
There were artillery duels and
American artillery effectively shelled
German working parties.
A direct hit was attained upon
German dugout.
An increasing movement of troops
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
SLAVS MAY INVADE CHINA.

Governor Declares People Are In
Panic And Want Rifles.
Peking.-The Governor of the Prov
ince of Sin Kiang, Western China,
from which have come reports that
Turks and Germans are stirring up
the Mohammedans, kilograms that the
Russians are massing on the frontier,
evidently intending an invasion of Sin
k1ang. The telegram adds that the
people are panic-stricken and asks
that rifles and ammunition be sent to
the Governor.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09

is observed behind the German front.
Different uniforms have been seen in
the German trenches. The new troops
are apparently more cautious than
the old ones, although band was
heard.
Air observers report an increase in
the train movements behind the Ger
man front.
A German observation balloon
which was observed opposite the
American front was compelled to de-
scend by the accuracy of the American
artilleriStS.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
REVENGE FOR GAS ATTACKS
American ArtilIerists Destroy German
EmpIacements From Which Poison
GUS Fumes Had Been Directed.

Photographs taken by aviators show
that the American artillery pulverized
the German gas emplacements from
which poisonous fumes were sent
against the American troops.
The suddenness Of the gas attack
and the possibility that it might be
followed. by an infantry assault made
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09

The German socialists have not taken
kindly to the German governments
attitude toward President Wilson's
last peace message. During the de-
bate in the reichstag on Won Hertling's
speech Philip Scheidemann. socialist,
took the emperor to task for his reply
to the address of the burgomaster Of
Hamburg, in which the emperor said:
1--WE desire to live in friendship with
neighborirg peoples, but victory for
the German arms must first be rec
ognized."
1.-THE imperial chancellor frankly
stated yesterday that he accepted
President Wilson's four principles"
said Scheidemann. This declaration
is all the more important when one
considers that President Wilson en-
phasized that his principles were ac-
cepted everywhere except by the Ger
man military and annexationist party.
Well, this party. fortunately. is in this
country no longer Of decisive impor-
tance.' "a.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
AMERICAN SKIPPER HONORED.

Captain Thiriar Gets Silver Cup For
Rescuing British Crew.
Washington.-In recognition of his
bravery in rescuing part Of the crew
of the British ship Nadia off the coast
of Scotland, August 20, 1917, silver
cup was presented to Captain Emil
Thiriar, of the American steamship
Atlantic Sun. by the British Govern
ment. The presentation was made
through the British Embassy and the
Department of Commerce.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
TO APPoRTloN COFFEE IN U. S.

George w. Lawrence Appointed BY
The Food Administration.
Washington.-George w. Lawrence,
Sugar Exchange, was put in charge
by the Food Administration of the
distribution of all coffee in the United
States. He will see that imports are
apportioned properly among the trade.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
NEEDS $3.50, 900, 900.
Aviation Program Has Exhausted
More Than $64,ooo, 900 Already.

Washington. - Further appropria-
tions of $3.50, 100000 for the army air.
craft program in addition to the $780,
100000 already authorized was asked
of Congress by the War Department.
The War Department informed the
Senate Military Committee that more
than $640,0O0,OO0 has already been
spent and $2OO,oOO,OOO more is imme-
diately needed. General Pershing fire.
Quently makes requests in connection
with aviation work, for which no funds
are Immediately available.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09

Rumanians Accept German Terms.
Berlin (via London. 1.-THE Ruman-
ians have accepted our armistice con-
ditions,'' says a German official COM
munication issued today.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
FRENCH TAKE $50 PRISONERS.

Fourth German Line Penetrated In
Surprise Attack.
Paris.-"East of the Meuse we car
ried out a surprise attack at the
Calonne trenches and penetrated as
far as the fourth German line on a
front of 1900 metres to a depth
of 600 metres," the War Office an
nounced. I'VE captured more than
$50 prisoners"
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
312 GERMANS CAPTURED.
British Also Took 20 Machine Guns
During February.

London, Friday.-In February the
British took 312 prisoners on the
Franco-Belgian front. including 16 Of
flcers. says the official statement.
Twenty machine guns and one flame.
protector also were captured. Portu.
guese troops brought in a few prison
ers as result of patrol encounters.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
SAYS WILSON KNOWS ALL
sa'four Replies To Query As Tc eri.
tain's Treaties,

tain's Treaties,
London.-Replying to question in
the House of Commons as to whether
copies OF al! treaties, secret or public.
and all other memoranda of other
agreements to which Great Britain has
become party since August 4, 1914.
have been communicated to President
Wilson, Foreign Secretary Balfour
said:
president Wilson is kept fully in
formed by the Allies"
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
COMPOSER PETRIE SENTENCED

Man Who Wrote ASLEEP In The
Deep" Gets Indefinite Term.
Chlcago.-Henry w. Petrie, go years
ola, composer of asleep In The
Deep" was sentenced to an indeterm.
mate term of from / to IA years in
Joliet Penitentiary upon his plea OF
guilty to the charge of abducting
Laura Hanson. Is years old. Last
year Petrie and the girl, who was his
pupil, toured the United States in his
automobile.
Middletown transcript. [volume] (Middletown, Del.) 1868-current, 1918-03-09
FRENCH SHIPS ARRIVE.
viii Be Used To Carry American
Goods To South America.

An Atlantic POrt.-French sailing
vessels which have been turned over
to the United States for the South
American trade to release stee! steam
tonnage for war service have begun
to arrive in the United States. Twen-
ty-one of the vessels have been made
available for this service, all banks or
square-rigged ships, and ranging in
size from $500 tons to 5000 tons.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

AS their prey and enemies were likewise
heavily armored. particularly the primer
dial sharks. Titanichthys specialized in the
huge powerful and sharp shear or broad
axe. teeth terminating in front with The
gigantic ice-pick shaped tusks.
OF all its forms. Titanichthys was the
longest. most gigantic and most whale
like in size and proportions. The fossil
bones in The American Museum indicate
an animal thirty feet long which in turn.
always indicates the existence Of longer
and larger specimens OF fifty or more feet
in length. Having neither fms nor paddles.
the monster must have plunged through
The water By means of its long. tapering
tail and soft. sinuous body. az express train
speed. Snakes swim rapidly and readily
enough without fms or paddles. and out
swim fishes which they capture So
Titanichthys was not the least impeded
by the absence OF swimming appendages.
bur was able 10 dash after. catch and snap
ceanly through the armor OF his victim
with his huge. heavy and sharp shear
teeth With his tusks be could then readily
dig out the meat enclosed within the srmor
plate as turtles meat is enclosed IN It's
she'll
There is already in the American
Museum a model in plaster of one OF the
canyriEhL 1918. ~ ia So Com pa
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

History New York, preparations are under
way 20 restore as in life this ancient
monster which has been named Titan
ichthys clarkii A literal tran station would
be terrible ish
Professor Henry F. Osborn president Of
ne museum. SAYS Of rhe entire group in
The Origin and evolution Life"
"ll toe fresh water deposits of the lower
Dsv0niaD age there have been discovered
me ancestors of heavily armOred fishes
Known as the ArthrOdira. q group OF IN
certain relationships. They had a iointed
neck chat IS. A hinge connecting the head
with The BODY. dermal skin Jaws. cara
pace and plastron meaning armor plates.
etcJ. Some authorities regard them a.
aberrsgt "a departure from true form
lung fishes Others hsve different views
They attained Cor uiCable size They were
not central IN The main lines Of fsh eyOlu-
ton. but represent collateral lines
There is no evidence 10 bones 10 show
hat these monsters had either fms OF pad
dies or even & I'm on the end " The tail
The tail IS believed by some 10 nave been
long and ,aperirg Ia place OF backbone
they had a "nOtOchord largely 0f csrtil-
age To protect their homeless bodies they
we're provided with heavy armOr plates.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

sharks which Just then were usurping the
supremacy Of the seas Among the sharks
OF the period there was a tendency 70
evolve crushing or grinding in place o.
piercing, teeth which had distinguished
them In the Devonian Age The conse-
querce was q rapid decrease Of prey The
sharks which acquired crushing or grind
ing teeth finally monopolized the waters
Some OF the Placoderms commenced 70
specialize in such teeth but TOO late The
prey had been devoured by new types 81
sharks which were able 20 survive. ~hile
the Placoderms persisted
The Placoderms In general had solid
rooted skulls with few openings Titan
ichthys had two openings for his very large
eyes He lad TWO small holes well for
ward on the snout for nOstrils There
was a very minute hole on the top OF his
skull In primitive animals such an open
ing is indicative OF the third. or pineal
eye. Ia many early reptiles. the pinesl
stalk ended in this third eve II has
shruuk 70 a yesJige ia mammals and man
himself
Ancestral 10 the PlacOdarms was more
primitive type called COccosteus. OF which
perfect skeletons have been found From
these fossils. Hussakoi has hsen able 20
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

lesser types. Dinichthys intermedius, some
eight or ten feet long, similarly equipped
with shear teeth OF lesser dimensions.
From this model by Hussakof and Horter
IL is possible 20 erect in words, fair con
ception OF Titanichthys a monster so
terrible that the world was fortunate in
being well rid OF him before the present
types OF animals evolved
The principal perpleXity Of science, after
the Jaw vas found. was 70 determine how
Titaniohthys worked g. Inside were the
six teeth. the largest ever seen on earth.
Now. have you ever noted a lsboTer's axe
pick2 II has a broad blade like broad
axe, terminating In front with a heavy
pick Titans big teeth were somewhat
like that The two in the lower jaw had
each an axe and pick in one solid piece. In
the upper Jaw each axe and pick were
separate, making four teeth above 70 two
below Scientists OF course call the
picks" tusks and the axes cutting
blades OF shear teeth Then again the
beast had no facial muscles to move the
teeth such as humans and other modern
animals have When & scheme was finally
worked out as TO how Titan used his jaws
and teeth. NJ Horter made a model head
% paper. easily working the jaws the
animal must have done by merely pulling
y. Great Britain Rights RsssrvsA
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

same purpose, using ,sem 70 create both
speed. as IN automobiles and flying ma
.hines and shells, such as houses, ships
anks etc.
The ganoid obeying this same law, en-
drsly encased itself IN a coat or mail. much
thicker and harder and tougher than that
81 any turtle OF to-day. II also had speed.
What. science kept wondering, could have
cracked IL for a prtmeval entree. and what
% earth was the equipment or whatever
Il was that could do Il?
The discovery OF a fossil lawbone out in
Ohio. a sixfoot jawboue. a jawbone
equipped with broadsxes and picks in lien
81 teeth and, without question the weird
est javbons ever found. has answered the
problem AZ last
The creature that preyed on the srmor-
slated hSh was the strsngest hsh, and az
the same time the hugest and most terrible
Ssh that ever swan. Actually. II was not
q hsh a. al, because II had no backbone.
n represented the last and biggest crea-
turs 10 exist before bsckbones OF yertebrse
avolved. 10 was the first true Carnivore
with all other existing water creatures its
Frey. Bsckhones undoubtedly came about
A last partly 10 keep Il from eating the
ysss up clean. At any rate, IL backbones
hasn't appeared about this time there
a1uld be no scientists today 20 ponder
Ryar he fossil Jaw. because the ancestors
q man. which we're swimming about IN
he same waters az that time would all
Asss D4ased through that Jaw and rs kin
Akes AEO before u became a fossil
AZ The American Museum OF Natural
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

Y m n At ~ = Y - ~ ~
across the Allan
tic region be-
we en- Europe
and North Amer
lea. This chan
mel was the route
Of migration.
Although the
sea became closed
later, the Arth-
rodira continued
their evolution
airy specialization
IN their respec-
tive spheres We
can perhaps And
a rea son for The
extinction OF tt
tanichthys an d
his fellows In the
great increase in
number OF species
an d individuals
which Is eyi
denced BY the rel
ative abundance
OF remains IN
such a restricted
area as Ohio and
70 the increased
struggle for food
Added 70 this
we must take in
70 consideration
the competition OF
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

mos, Of the waters Of Europe and America.
He says:
THE fossil skeletons occur in the De 90
man rocks OF both Europe and North
America. They appeared much earlier in
the former than the latter. The forms
were more diverse in Europe than here
The facts indicate that the wave OF migra-
ton was westward, with strong support or
geological evidence II is generally recos-
nized that toward the close or me Sllurlan
age and well into the DeyOnlan age, q
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

A string precisely
as YOU operate a
jumping Jack
According to
DR.. Louis Hussa
kof these mon
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

one never weary
ing sim OF all
creatures Self
preservation tf
the hrst law of
nature. and n is
the law that de-
veloped the legs
OF the giraffe the
hide Of the rhi-
n oceros, an d,
among OF her
things. the shell
OF the turtle.
The antelope
couldn't grow a
shell, so Il had 70
spe cialtze in
speed 20 get away
from things that
wanted &c eat A.
The turtle could
grow a shell and
40 didn't have 10
her about
speed Man grew
and grows his
brains for thu
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24
By W. Fl. Ballou, Sc. D.,
American Society % IehthyoIeaIsts and
Hsrpeteiosists.

American Society % IehthyoIeeIsts an
Hsrpstoloslsts.
- CIENCE has long been wondering wha
kind OF creature Il was that used TO
food the very peculiar armor-plste
Dishes that swan the seas some 10000, 90
years ago
over ali the world since life began ever,
form OF lie is the meal ticket" for som
ather form. or as old De Morgan put i
n his Budget Of PsradoKes," ant
which. by the way. Dean Swift, para
phased
Great heas have little Heas upon their
backs 10 bite en-
And little hess have lesser fess, and
so sd inhnitum
And the great feas themselves in turn,
have greater heas 10 go on:
While these again have greater still,
ana greater still. and so On"
And so science knew that the armor-
plated hsh or ganoids. as they are
called just naturally had to be eaten
by something But they were literally
such hard nuts 10 crack that what il
was that could do 10 has long been one
OF the lesser but none the less tantaliz-
ing puzzles OF science
Everyone knows how nara II Is 70
break open 9 turtle. Not even the pow
erful Jaws OF the tiger and the lion can
So A. and barring accident the turtle
plods on its way with all the care free,
ieisureiy gait OF the spine protected
porcupine.
That, 10 digress a moment. is why the
turtle can AFFORD TO be slow walker
Every quality We have has been devel
oped BY our IN vavering disinclination
10 be eaten BY something else Life is
an active process Of constant absorp-
ton To prevent being absorbed is the
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-07-24

deduce many OF the missing parts in the
skeletons OF Titanichthys Dinichthys anc
the other monsters.
We may imagine. then Titanichthys 81
a gigantic monster. some hfty feet Ions
with whale-like body heavily armored
tapering down In the tail section 70 .
small point. His huge jaws opened six OF
more feet wide and high Along the crest
OF his back were bristliug spines. seer
millions OF years later in the MOSasaur and
to-day In certain fishes and reptiles
These spines were not solely scare
organs 10 be erected when in battle. but
added much TO his protection from rear
attacks of sharks and fellow Placoderns
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1918-10-03
PROPOSITION TO BE PUT UP TO PEOPLE

The Mayor and Town Council have been collecting consid
cradle amount of data together pertaining the
uatiOn and informed that the matter of building
plant to be presented the citizens and taxpayers of Jeurg
at early date Experts have investigated the plant
have made their these details being the hands
power plant far the best solution The situation
stands of two things must be doneeher make
repairs install plant and from the data which the Town
Council has its would readily that 1t
would be far the wises to pursue the latter course
Under the of operation of the old plant
clearly shown that the of producing kowa hour of
rent excessive and also shown that the will increase
with the deterioration of the plant With the installation of
plant the expert investigation shows that the of production
will be decreased easily per ulesburg
afford to have its double than should with
facilities If the Town of Juesburg spend $40
IN new plant would 10 cent the investment
With the installation of power is urgently
that the location be changed Sufficient
can easily be secured always insure the
ed in such proximity to endangr the buildings
question but what the location dangerous
accompanied by hazards destruction
fire fire in the block would put the and with
out water II new plant placed in the present building
would nave to be practically reconstructed order
fcent and such condition of preservation that would not
pay to attempt in plant cost must
be the controlling factor
The cost of coal hauling handicap at the present
ocatlon making approximately
$ooOoO If the plant the railroad
which should be given due consideration.
coal consumption of the plant about 80 pounds
koWatt hour the switchboard estimated that
1t will cost the city for 1918 for coal alone new pant
the coal consumption be reduced
pounds per kowa hour saving of 25 pounds per kowa