South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-03-17

clifton. From my experience IN the
racing game. where AN the stresses
az ordinary travei are multiplied
times over by the factor Of high
speed ] have no hesitation in saying
that proper fabrication is the first
essential Mechanical failures viii
be more or less local in nature. but
fabrication failures may affict all
parts Of the mechanism. SO that
proper attention 80 this detail OF
maintenance prevents trouble In
score OF places at once
The wise men of science tell ms
that III perfect fabrication could Doe
secured. perpetual motion would be
just around the corner. However,
that ideal condition Is beyond the
reach Of the present day automobile
owner, an that he can hope 20 do
is to get the best there is in the
fabrication system with which our
engineers have supplied him. This
s. not hard 60 do. provided ne
learns 90 know the lubricating sys-
TEN and systematically gives IL the
attentions is needs.
To begin with the car owner
should study the instruction book
furnished bv the maker Of the We
hicle he drives. There he will find
suggested the proper grade of lubri-
cant 20 be used i'm all the various
reservoirs and cups about the car.
He should note just how often, this
g. after many miles of travel. each
part requires renewal OF its lubri-
Hrr % frre. H..
supply the oil or grease at just those
intervals.
Two Rules Govern.
Two general rules may be said to
govern the fabrication of moving
parts Of such a mechanism as the
modern motor vehicle First the
moving parts must be fabricated ac-
cording 20 the load and the speed
at which they move and second ac-
cording TO the temperature at which
they operate. a part which nor
mally runs hot. is going to need a
lot OF oil and that oil viii have 10
DE replaced at frequent intervals
The faster a part moves, the more
oil 1T IS going TO call for and greater
must be the care taken TO see that
the supply is constantly renewed.
No better illustration of this con-
dition can be found than the en-
CINE. The shafts operate at high
speed. with consequent high tenn
perature. The pistons run at high
speed. and they get very hot in
operation. obviously. then, these
parts are going to need copious
and careful fabrication How many
owners follow the correct proceed
ure Of draining the crankcase every
500 miles of running and after
flushing it out with kerosene. re-
filling it with fresh oil2 Not many
OF them I venture and vet to use
oil I'm the engine for a longer period
than this is lowering the lubricat-
ing efficiency Of the power plant. II
is quite true that oil can be used
for thousands of miles but correct
fabrication is not maintained, be-
Ssuse OF contamination Of the oil.
IL must be realized also that the
operating temperatures Of various
engines differ widely; some Of them
get much hotter than others There
fore. the oil requirements of differ
ent power plants will vary with this
factor OF heat The car owner
should he sure that ne is using the
grade of oil recommended by the
maker of his vehicle or by the ex-
pert Of the oil refining company in
eases where the makers suggestion
Is not proving altogether satisfac-
tory.
Heat Has DecOmposing Action.
Heat has a decomposing action on
oil. The engine oil comes con-
stantly in contact with pistons that
sometimes run at 400 degrees F.,
with cylinder walls at 300 degrees
and bearings at 200 degrees. This
excessive neat acts to decompose
more or less Of the oil, thereby
causing the formation of sediment.
The longer such oil stays in the
reservoir. the greater grows the
proportion of sediment and the les
ser becomes the lubricating quail
titles of the OIL Hence the need for
frequent renewals and flushing out
of the reservoir to get rid Of the
sediment.
We may note here that I'm GER
tain cases an appreciate volume of
water finds its way into the oil
reservoir. This is particularly true
I'm cold weather, when water formed
in the combustion chamber as one
of the products of combustion. forces
It's way down past the piston rings
and mixes with the oiL The oil
and water form an emulsion which
IS not mt AN q good lubricant When