davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

ingmen in Eyer. the most Germanized
part OF Bohemia, a resolution was
adopted to the effect that those pres
ent fully realize the inevitability Of
Czecho- Slovak independence: that
the Germans of Bohemia must rec
oncile themselves to this; that there
Is no such entity as German Bo-
hemia, and that the self-constituted
German political leaders In Bohemia
have no moral mandate to speak for
the German people.
Economically the Czecho-Slovak
republic will be quite able to take
care OF itself. Even prior to the war
Bohemia was one of the richest Of
Austrian provinces" Sixty-two and
seven-tenths per cent. OF the burden
Of Austrian taxation was borne by
Czecho- Slovak countries, while the
rest of Austria carried only 37.3 per
cent. Thirty eight per cent. of the
grain lands Of the former Austrian
Empire is found In Bohemia. Eighty
three per cent OF Austrian coal is
mined in bohemian mines. Sixty
per cent. Of Austrian iron Is found
there. Ninety per cent OF the sugar
factories of Austria are located in
the lands of the Bohemian Crown.
The textile industry Is strong and
important, and leather. paper. furni-
, ture and electrotechnical industries
flourish.
Access to the Sea vital.
The question OF access to the sea will
undoubtedly be adjusted sensibly, fair
ly and amicably by the peace confer
ence. President Wilson advocates the
principle of granting economic rights
OF way to landlocked States. The Elbe
and the Danube probably will be inter-
natlonalized. as win other water high
ways, and finally 1t should be remem-
bered that the republic viii have its
most important markets in eastern
Europe and the Balkans. Switzerland
is landlocked, and still quito pros
porous.
Popular opinion to the contrary not
withstanding, the new State is not
small one. It wifi have a population
Of about $12,000,OO0 and in extent will
| have about $4,000 English square
miles. Belgium has 1873 square
miles OF territory.
What in Europe is called social leg
islation may be a marked feature OF
the activities of the State. There is
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

TITO certain degree any discus
sion OF the future constitution
i Of the Czecho-Slovak State
must be something OF a speculation.
because until the Constituent Assem-
bly, meets and completes Its labors the
full nature of the constitution cannot
be known and cannot be predicted.
Yet In the very nature OF the case
there are features which may be antic-
ipated with certainty.
The Czechs are an old nation with
an historic record Of centuries. In
the past, as we'll as in the present,
they have exhibited certain well
known and well defined qualities. and
80 It happens that in speaking OF the
future constitution one Is not on alb
solutely unknown ground. as he would
be were he dealing with nation to
which independence and self-govern-
ment is an entirely new experience.
1t Is a foregone conclusion that the
Czecho- Slovak State will be a republic
AS a matter Of fact, 1t Is already a re-
public, with q President and a legisla-
tive body, the President being Thomas
G. Masaryk and the Legislative body
being the National Assembly, COM
posed of duly elected representa- lives
OF the Czecho-Slovak peoples. This
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

m noesibiIitv of Rolshevism IN the
Czccbo- Slovas republic, The Czecho-
sIovaks have seen too much OF Boil
shevIsm nj close range in Russia.
The, oIso realize that eoctal instltu-
t,ons deveIon and grow: that they
ovolve ana that IN the history of the
proUtb n, sociaI institutions there Is
No sucb thing as a lean from one era
into another. ON the other hand, they
aro oIao conscious of the fact that So
c,nl o,,o,,,t,or Ala NOT stop on the day
CzecboS sIovak independence was pro-
c,o,mod mt thar n is tho function of
tho noodern state TO provide for the
highest nossible welfare of its inhabi-
tants, without, OF course, smotherins
private initiative.
There can be no doubt that the ma
tion will carry out far reaching social
"a o.,,.or,,, ,asorro, os,oriallv as re-
- 80 49, ,,,,dns a.,otos witch
saus .no Na'so ~.
heretofore were III u'e ha''us VI ''ie
Austrian Imperial House ana the no.
bility. This sort OF reform Ia the bes'
method OF preventing unsound radi-
caHsn. and II makes for order and
nroo,-es. M Tho same time
T a. .o-o,., .,o,,o,, ,ha rou, NATHAN
a..,., - 80,
WA " -
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22
LDING A NATION GIGANTIC TASK OF CZEC1OSLOVAI<S

Under the circumstances one oar
not be accused of undue optimism, =
he predicts a brilliant future for N,
new member Of tho sistcrhood OF 70.
publics. Even under Austrian m.
preston, and in spite OF the pros.cr.
ton OF Vienna and Budapest. tho NO.
ton reached level OF education snr.
passing that OF any other nation 3,
Austria-Hungary. In literature and
arts 1t is second to none. 1t produced
great poets (Vrchlicky, Czech ana
Machar), great musicians and com.
posers (Smetana, Dvorak. Koyaroyi,,
and a legion of novelists. Tho new
president, T. G. Masaryk. Is also
great philosopher, and he has found
worthy contemporaries in Krejci and
Drtina-
Low Percentage of IIIiterncy.
According to the official statistics n,
the United States immigration Burea,
of all the immigrants to the Uni,es
States the Czechs show one OF IN.
lowest percentages Of illiteracy. Tim,
Of the S.439 Czech immigrants tba,
came to this country in the YEA,
1912. there were only q tiiiterates los,
than per cent.
Almost all the Czech immigrants ar.
skilled workmen or farmers. The,,
eagerness for knowledge and educa.
ton is we'll known. AS an Illustrate,
consider the fact that in the schools
Of the forty northern and eastern
counties of Nebraska there are no Ices
than 900 teachers OF Czech parentae,
several OF them superintendent n.
schools. In Chicago, their natYr,,
ethnic centre in America. there arc
hundreds OF Czech physicians, Law.
yers, teachers and architects. Tie
buildings OF the State OF Illinois =,
the Panama Exposition in San Fran.
cisco were designed by a Czech. New
York has a large number of Cze
professional and business men.
without the aid OF the Ur,s
States -Slovak liberty m,rt.
still be only a dream. The In.ta3
States has aided in making it reality
I am confident the nation will confirm.
to have the moral, as well as practice.
support Of this great republic, arl
that 1t will prove itself worthy OF II
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

was the first U-boat Of all to be
boarded. Nearer and nearer drew
our putting NJ. l.. On the deck we
could see the ragged silhouette Of the
assembled crew against the silver
gray morning sky line. They gazed
at us and we gazed at them in out
spoken wonderment. The situation
grew more tense.
We hove alongside. One OF our men
flung a rope to the German deck. It
was caught, and we made fast. Still
not a word was spoken. The whole
world seemed 10 hold Its breath for
that short half minute. Then the
British commander went scrambling
over tho side on TO the low deck of the
, C-boat. Britisher and German, they
faced each other, after four long years
OF horrors and terrors such as the sea
had never before produced. Then said
the Britisher more as a brisk COM
mand:
II want to see your papers, please"
The English commander then said
that he wished the German engineers
to work the ship in the presence OF his
engineer party. The German crew
was ordered forward. and the British
crew took stations in the coming
tower and in the after end. Soon the
: British ensign was flying over the
submarine.
saw only one submarine with the
German colors, not the Imperial war
flag and not the red flag. but the flag
Of the German mercantile marine,
black. white and red-"Blood and
Iron." as they used to say. but now 1t
was the white bar one thought Of.
A little wind had sprung up, and the
German flag below and the British flag
above fiuttered out as this submarine
U-1O7 brought up the rear Of the long
procession and passed between the
two gate ships into the harbor OF
Harwich.
A large British rigid airship-the
R-26, that had circled only a few days
ago over the peaceful pageant OF the
Lord Mayor in the London streets
had been flying overhead. and the Ger
. man crews possibly got some satisfac-
ton from the thought that in one war
engine we had followed them, al
| though II was a war engine that had
been Of least value In the war.
Alas There IL No Climax.
| But the climax Of the story Is miss
ing. II is like the missing chord OF
the harp; the melody Is not complete.
| would like TO say that the Boy found
his "bird." az he called him. I would
like TO have pictured detail by detail
incident by incident, thought by
thought, word by word. that momen-
tously dramatic meeting. But such is
the perversity of It. the Boy never
| found his bird" When I left he had
already been round ten OF the U-boats
and left him still at 1t. Later in the
speak. But his long bored face sup
piled the answer to my pnspoken
query.
Aftcr the Germans came into the
harbor. were taken on the submarines
and were taken back TO their own
transports on two destroyers, one OF
which was the vessel I was on-the
H. NJ s. Melampus - the officers
came over the sides, saluted, and there
tho ceremony ended. Tho guard was
mounted forward and aft to prevent
intercourse with tho British crew, but
that was hardly necessary. The COM
ments OF the crew were very unfavor-
able and chiefly turned on Lewis guns
and bombs.
Look at them Iron Crossesi What
did they get them Iron Crosses for
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22
DER TAG" FOR THE BRITISH FLEET
AN OCCASION FULL OF HUMAN INTEREST

i l. III wv l.
For dom down sailor men and women
and children-the Belgian Prince
Iandovery Castlei That's tho sort OF
thing for the Iron Crosses they're
wagging about. Look at them!"
When some OF the men looked with
an attempt at superciliousness at the
crew that had clustered aft one OF
our men replied by pointing meaningly
TO a depth charge on the side. The
German submarine men knew well
what that meant in the past. II was
very strange sight. the German Off
GERS and mon on the British destroyer
gazing across a few yards OF space
the British scamen gazing at them
What waves OF will and heart must
have passed back and forward in that
crowded boat, what pages OF racial
history
Looked Like the Crown Prince.
Three OF the officers had a physiog-
, nomy curiously like the ex-Crown
Prince. Two men had mustaches
trimmed like tho ex-Kaiser's. The
| British crew did not overlook this.
SOiHo VI 'he HerHahS eInlIeu ana
seemed anxious 10 fraternize, but
sa" no sign OF that disposition among
the British seamen.
| The German petty officer in charge
of the bread-they had their own pro-
visions and huge pewter teapots-
gave two of their loaves to the Brit
ishers as souvenirs. II was dark
bread and smelt very bad. One Ger
man saio 10 the COOK as he passed
tn'ouSh: GIVE me newspaper"
me COOK SAD: what DO you want
IL lot ana the German said ITO
reau the news. The COOK said, Never
Iniho ABOUT that; you're going to be
zone down. The German smiled. and
81 suppose diu inc COOK
one poarolnS party mad rev words.
~ Heri'iah saiIor said' very glad all
over now germany republic. Kaiser
anu crown frince IN Holland-very
soou,
Aiter 'hey had peen on our destroyer
Il niue party OF them began to sing.
was NOT song OF reVelry, nor was
the hymn OF Hate Calthough
| every one wanted very much TO hear
that lyric)' II sounded more like an
old fashioned sentimental German
song Inc onicers' however, stopped
II very soon'
Ihere was no sign or any change in
herman oisclpHne. The officers were
as one expected ana the men were as
one expected; everything the officers
Commanded was immediately obeyed.
mere was no sign OF civilian commit
Tees. except mat there were two men
IN clViiian clothes on the bridge OF the
llU'hla- strangely enough, there were
Two similar ngures on the bridge of
inc british Melampus' two shabby
looking JOURNALISTS And so again the
WON bureau can hit Its witching
voice and tell the respondent Huns
'ne ,rlusn sailors soviet was In CON-
mand or the boarding operations.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22
Eyewitness Story of UBoat Surrender Makes Greatest
Naval Historical Incident Thrilling Narrative
of Retrbution That Appeals Strongly

said: You don't realize the humilia-
ton OF it. Fancy throwing in your
hand like that Now If IL had been a
scrap! 1t must be terrible for that
bunch"
Many officers seemed to feel tina,
side of II. They knew what 1t meant
% have submarine and they knew
what pride of the sea meant They
could understand what the German Of
f1cers felt Afterward, when the Ger
mans were on board our destroyer and
you saw their faces plainly. and they
saw the British navy face to face. that
sight was overpowering. The men felt
II too.
You could feel sorry for these pooc
blighters IL they had been destroyer
men-but these"
This destroyer was probably typl-
cal OF the destroyer class.
There was n tall British military Of
ficer on the Melampus. emaciatcd as
though he had undergone a bad ex
perience. He interpreted on the few
necessary points. and the Germans
stared at him and possibly thought of
him as showing that food conditions in
England were not what We said. This
British Captain had been over a, year
prisoner In Germany. and had not
recovered from his treatment there.
nor was he likely to recover for long
time.
s.u .n.r
One of the British submarine COM
manders. who spoke of this as Der
Tag" as nearly all of them did Conc
Of them called it Der Tag Nacht Den
Tage"-"the day after the day.. said
that he would not forget this day. afr
is the anniversary OF the day a year
ago when they did down my brother. -"
Among the party on the Melampus
was the captain OF an Atlantic liner
who had been sailing through the "ttn
fish" since the war began and who had
had a great liner, the apple of his eye,
torpedoed in the Mediterranean when
carving nearly & 600 troops OF which
he had lost 14o.
?, 80 o,..,..o u,,, .bo. .So
D,as.,,o rIs - - - -
49, " 49, 49, 80. ,n~ o,OIsnS
80 ~, - ~, - r,S",s
Doto.e 20 a.. sos" e"o ~ ~ ~
yes '"ou'u NaVe Ill VI.
, SeHtn. al sne "pp 80 -, -.
.H e,o.sn u a. rSnr.hon. Sn,o.
eHe Hl"a's % te DO Va.
eoe'nou ~ oonae " 10" 49, ~ 'ne s.sn'
VI mess 10" '.ip' on ens uas VI uaye
MeAn"hne, tne ooS Ut ana was %,
ing on rae oe."o 'es .nS uip' 80 an ~
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

Admiral Tyrwhitt's flagship. with its
yellow flag. in the chief position.
As one looked at the destroyer
carrying the British submarine COM
manders and crews who were TO take
over the German submarines the Brit
ish ships seemed to form a circle, and
everywhere one turned there was =
British white ensign at the peak. The
British ships, too, had stopped and
seemed to lie expectantly watching the
final event.
AS one gazed in the silence, this cir
Gle OF white ensigns and silent ships
and the sense of everything focused
on these low, strange marine shapes,
hardly out OF the sea, was thrilling.
To a spectator. the flags seemed as
eternal as the hills that looked down
on Childe Roland at the hour of his
fate. But when the German subna-
rine navy came to its dark tower to-
day there was no bugle blast. The
event was accomplished with English
decorum and German stolidity.
Ono Captain Even wept.
One German commander protested
against navigating his vessel into har-
Dor, and his protest was recorded, and
he navigated his ship into harbor. An
other commander broke down as he
left his ship and could not conceal his
tears. Another. when the British COM
mander went on board, was unable to
speak for q minute. and had to signal
to q subordinate to carry on. The
commander of the first submarine
which the British boarded took his
Iron Cross from his neck and ground
II under his heel. Some OF the sub
marines were left bare below. Others
left sextant. compass, glasses and
| many articles. In one submarine a
| melodeon was left as II Germany had
no more songs 70 play. One man left
his ship with his guitar under his arm.
The Boy was straining at my side
like a chained dog when we rubbed
alongside the first of them. No single
detail Of the drab sinister craft missed
his eager gaze. But his bird" as he
called him, was not on board. Never
theless he was filed with wondering
amazement:
Look at them" he said, and again
Look at them!"
a
seconds before on the same boat; re-
peated in the same fashion. He was q
British commander. swarthy as a
| Spaniard. his eyes underlined with
dark patches that bespoke eloquently
the lengthy underseas watch. He kept
beating the rail with his hand as they
appeared:
"Oh. God! Look at them!" no cried
show the Keenest Delight.
AS we first caught sight OF the sub
marines our destroyer was crowded
with the young British submarine
commanders and their crews in a state
Of exhilaration and high frequency.
Only the day before the captain OF the
Melampus had been decorated with
the Distinguished Service Order for an
exploit against a submarine eighteen
months back. His delight at the scene
before his eyes was indescribable.
And nobody can indicate what II
meant in general to these men when
they beheld the vessels before them
they had sought for through priva-
tons and Hastings and dangers as
knights did for the thing they love.
The sensation was much the same
when the event was accomplished
Said one of them: III II had only
, been a month ago"
; have heard the phrase about eyes
dancing, but I never saw the fact til
, i then. One OF them ilrned to me and
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

sion never brings good results and
in time brings vengeance upon the
heads OF its origlnators. The Ger
mans themselves are aware Of the
Czecho- Slovak attitude a German
daily Of Prague, the Prayer Td1e-
bI1tt. declared the other day that Il
sovereign Czecho- Slovak State is an
accomplished fact, and that 1t be-
hooves the Germans of Bohemia not
only to make the best OF It but to
lend a hand in making this State as
powerful and prosperous as possible.
At mass meeting Of German work
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

National Assembly consists of those
Czecho- Slovak representatives who
either were members OF the Austrian
Parliament under the old regime or OF
the Diet OF the Czecho- Slovak lands,
that is to say. Bohemia. Moravia and
Sllesia- This Assembly win remain the
supreme lawgivlng body OF the nation
pending the organization of the State,
following the decisions Of the Consti-
tutional Convention. And 1t Is this
Assembly that elected Professor Ma
saryk the first President OF the
Czecho-slovak republic. and its CHI oice
has been acclaimed as the wisest and
really only possible one by a united
nation.
Guarantees Full Freedom.
The Czecho- Slovaks, having them
selves been oppressed so much. will
see TO 1t that their State guarantees
complete freedom Of conscience and re-
ligion as well as Of the press and the
right OF assembly and petition. 1t is
doubtful W ether the value of such
freedom is as keenly appreciated else
where as II In in Bohemia. because IL
was the press that was largely instru-
mental in reawakening the nation TO
new life during the nineteenth GEN.
tury,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

subdivisions as to give the Ger
mans complete self-gOvernment In all
things except in such questions as
railroads, military affairs, &c.
VIII Oppress No People.
1t is worth pointing out that
throughout Bohemian history there
has not appeared a single statesman
in any manner favoring oppression
of other peoples. 1t is an axiom OF
Czecho-Slovak political thought, for
INFLATED by such venerated leaders as
Palacky and Havlicek, that oppres-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

Peg delegate of the CzechoSIovak National
Council and the official of the Republic
in Bohemia
brought Of eight and he
admitted
devoted himself the law and
political his sbors Of this period
Phillips Bohemian and handbook cfvics
for o-Siovak
As Pergfer took
for Czschoovak independence His
Independence published
November pgfe activity aimed at the conversion OF the
of Hberaing oppressed nations of Austria
Hungary He wrote articles for and MAGAZINES gave inter
edited Czscho
Siovak memorandum presented to President Wilson
America of Professor T. Masaryk President
of Presidents
Upon President accredited
penary diplomatic powers
&c
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-22

Confined on Eighteenth r'grl
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-10-18

many children? BAH You are a
fool! !"
But, excellency," faltered the un-
happy secretary. "in point of mum
bers-"
Numbers Matter Little.
Numbers are not all. II they
were, have we not with us the world
famous hero who sank the Lusitaniai
Himme Numbers What is? And
this Windig you talk Of Another
nonentity, tell you Why, If you had
your way you would give precedence
to every poisoner and ravisher here.
Use, beg of you, Herr Muhlstein,
your brain To all who gloriously
aided the fatherland to maintain her
reputation for cruelty and beastliness
much honor is due, but we must use
discretion, my good fellow. The more
so as the new German aristocracy is
still In chaotic and formative stage.
Mistakes made tonight might be diff
cult to later correct. We must be
careful. Precedence must be awarded
to one Of truly great and unauestion-
able merit, and for that reason 1t Is
that l speak of Oberste Flelschig
who"
But at that instant the question was
conclusively decided by the advent of
a tardy guest.
Admiral Won Schmutzigi" an
nounced the head footman impressive
ly. With grunt of delight the host
hurried forward with outstretched
hands to welcome the distinguished
guest, leaving Herr Muhlsten to sigh
with a vast relief. For now the prob
lem of precedence was providentially
solved What, indeed, were mere muir
derers of women and mutilators of ba-
bies, prisoners and violators, in the
august presence of one who had sunk
three hospital ships?
After that the affair went merry as
a wedding bell and pleasant time
was had by all.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-10-18
MANDALAY BEST IN WINTER
In India ~ an Ideal Cold
Weather Resort.

Doubtless 1t will surprise a great
many persons to learn that Mandnlay,
famed of song and story, is little more
than half century old. 1t was built
In 1856 by King Mindon, who made It.
the capital of what was then indepen-
dent Burmah.
Something more than 300 feet above
the level Of the sea, Mandalay sits
tightly upon a stretch of tableland
just in front of the Shan hills. The
city proper extends over about FIVE
square miles, but the military district
of Mandalay covers q more extensive
area.
With the British soldier, Mandalav
has taken on great deal Of the char
ncter of a vacation resort. In the tor
rid months of the Burmese summer
the heat becomes very great, some
times making the thermometer rise to
119 degrees in the shade; but relief Is
easily found In the adjacent hills. The
British sanitary officers have succeed
other diseases with which the climate
WAS once infested.
In winter-or as near to winter rs 1t
gets-Mandalay becomes a senipara-
disc, for the temperature stays ut
about 80 degrees. Happy the British
soldier who Is assigned to this garri-
son.
Like as not he sits Of afternoons I'M
derneath the shadow Of the Moulmien
pngoda gazing dreamily at the flotillas
on the 1rrawaddy.
Cant you hear their paddles chunk
In from Rangoon to Mnndalayw
Or perhaps he looks ut the distant
mountains, tabled to be SO rich in nla-
baster and rubies. And very often the
whole picture as drawn by Kipling is
complete, even to the temple bells and
the Burmese maiden.