davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16

may be raised in small numbers sue
cessfully and at a profit on farms
where there is low, rough pasture land
with a natural supply of water. Geese
are generally quite free from disease
and insect pests, but occasionally are
affected by ailments common to poul.
try. Grass makes up the bulk of their
food. and for this reason pasturage Is
essential. A body of water, while not
absolutely essential, is valuable where
geese r raised. and some breeders
consider it important during the breed
ing season. Geese are good foragers,
and for this reason many farmers In
the South keep them to kill the weeds
In the cotton fields.
Geese need little protection In the
way of Il house. except in winter and
during stormy weather. Some kind Of
a shelter should be provided for the
young gOslings, and the same precau-
tons taken in raising chickens as to
keep the coops and houses clean and
provided with plenty Of straw scat
tered about the floor, should be taken.
Geese. like other kinds of poultry,
should be selected for size,I prolificacy
and vitality. They should be mated
several months prior to the breeding
season to obtain the best results. Good
matings are not changed from year to
year unless the results are unsatisfac-
tory. A gander may be mated with
from one to four geese. but pair or
trio matings usually give the best re-
suits. When mated. geese are allowed
to run in fiocks. From four to twenty
five geese may be kept on an acre Of
land. and under most conditions ten
is q fair average.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
PREPARE GEESE FOR MARKET
Young Fowls Can Be Fed Advantage.
ously While on Grass or Con.
fined In Small Yards.

prepared by the United States Depart
nent of Agriculture.)
Before marketing the young geese
the average farmer can feed advan-
tageously a fattening ration either
while the geese are on grass range or
confined to small yards. but it is doubt
full whether it would pay him to con-
fine them to individual or small pens
and make a speciality of fattening un-
less he has a special market or retail
trade for well-fattened stock.
Geese are usually killed and picked
In the same manner as other kinds Of
poultry. Some markets prefer dry
picked geese, while in other markets
no difference is made in the price Of
scalded or dry-picked geese. When
feathers are to be saved. fowls should
not be scalded but should be picked
dry before or after steaming.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16

was prepared in quantity, placed in
plainly marked containers and distrib-
uted to farmers, who then applied 1t
according to directions around the
ground-squirrel burrows on their
farms.
More than 100000 acres were treat
ed with poison In 1916. During the
spring Of 1917 10000 farmers in North
Dakota Joined in this movement. The
ground squirrels were poisoned on
100000 acres, resulting in a practical
elimination of the pest in the areas
treated and a saving in the years crop
Of more than $1,OO0.OOO. Including
hire Of labor to distribute the poison,
the cost averages less than s cents per
acre under North Dakota conditions.
and where landowners perform the la
Dor the actual cash outlay per acre is
materially reduced.
Cooperative Campaigns.
In other states cooperative CAM
paigns have been effective against
other pests. such as prairie dogs and
jack rabbits. AS suggested by the cam.
paigns which have already been con.
Quoted effectively, these five important
features essential to ultimate success
are named by specialists Of the depart
ment Of agriculture: (1) Cooperation
of all agencies involved, including
farmers. local organizations, county,
state, and federal officials; (2) lead.
ership trained and experienced in
methods Of rodent control and in or
~ganization; (3) a unit plan to systema-
tie activities and cover a sufficiently
large territory to prevent r~einfesta-
ton; az financial support to procure
supplies in large quantities.; and (5)
legal provision for the determination
Of pests upon neglected areas.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
new ACT HELP FOR
STATE RAILROADS
Private interests Receive Bad
Jolt In New System That
Unifies Operation.

A big stride in the: battle for gov.
eminent owned railroads was made
May l when the United States gov
eminent ~inaugurated its system of
transcontinental shipping on one way
bill.
This means that America will at
last have something resembling uni.
fed railroad operation. that there will
be a considerable saving Of time and
expense and that a great deal Of red
tape will be cut out.
A car of goods can be shipped from
New York to San Francisco or from
Cleveland to New Orleans, trans.
ferred from railroad to railroad and
from terminal to terminal, all on one
waybill.
For years railroad men have
dreamed of this, just as they dreamed
of standardized freight cars and en-
gines, and just as it took government
control to bring about the latter, 30
again it has taken government con-
troll to put through this waybill in
novation.
In the past when a car was shipped
from New York to San Francisco 1t
might be handled by four different
railroads.
That meant four different waybills.
Each waybill held good until the
car reached the terminal point of that
particular road. Then the car was
shunted around the terminal yards
until the clerks made out a new way.
bill and delivered 1t to the yardmaster.
The latter then set his forces to work
picking out this al and delivering it
to the next road that was to handle
it. So on along the route.
This Is significant in view Of the
fact that some of tho old railroad
arrangements that were left in charge
of their respective lines have been
accused Of doing their best to dis
credit government railroad control
by throwing obstacles in the! way
Of the successful operation of these
lines. Mr.. G%arretson, president OF
the Railway Conductors union. and
Mr.. Lee. president Of the Engineers
union and a score Of railroad en-
ployes testified to this fact at q hear.
ing several months ago.
The second round in the fight
against possible government owner
ship of railroads was won by the pri-
vate owners when their special repre-
sentattves in the Senate and House
succeeded in passing the bill author
tzing the return of the roads to their
private owners after the war.
But the public came back with a
severe jolt to the private interests
when recently 5000, 900 railroad EN-.
ployes sent q demand to Congress
that some plan be evolved for keep.
ing the railroads in the governments
hanls.
II the farmers Will back up the
workers and send a big delegation
Of Senators and Representatives to
Washington in the coming November
elections the splendid goal Of the
American railroads for the American
people will be another step nearer.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
REALLY SEEMED ONLY WAY
Smiths Idea Was Bright Enough II tt,o
Horse Would Only Do His
Part In the Game.

John Smith bought a horse. The
first Sunday after the purchase he and
his bosom pal harnessed the horse to
a trap and went into the country on
a fishing trip. At the shore Of the lake
they Embarrassed the horse, and let
it loose while they f1shed.
Presently the sun began to go down,
and Smith and pal decided to get ready
for the return Journey. They caught
the horse, and Smith began to harness
1t. But here they met a difficulty.
The horse wouldn't open its mouth for
the bit.
They tried every means they cauld
think Of. but still the stubborn animal
stood with closed mouth, placidly
watching them.
At last Smith sat on the ground and
began to tell Questionable. moth.
eaten Jokes. that Adam would have
thought chestnuts.
"What on earth are you doinrP
asked Smiths pal.
Trying to get the beast to yawn,-
said Smith. .
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
STATE PLANT WILL
YIELD FERTILIZERS
Big Government Owned Nitrate
Factories Will Supply Farm
ers After War.

Inevitably the war crisis is pushing
the United States along the road taken
by the great European nations at war
tn the direction Of public control of
the markets and the great necessi-
ties. The newest government indus
try and n that may before long con-
stftute the foundation of a new agri.
cultural life is the big $40, 900, 900
nitrate plant being rushed to COM
pletion at Mussel Shoals on the Ten
nessee river in northwestern Alabama.
Primarily a war plant to supply
nitrogen products as a basis of ex.
plosives and an emergency industry,
this huge industry is to be turned over
to the use of the farmers after the
war when Uncle Sam will manufac.
ture nitrate fertilizers and sell them
tc the farmers practically at the cost
OF production. In other words, the
entire power Of the Tennessee river
Is being %harnessed by the govern
ment int Uncle Sam will become the
driver to supply the nation with a
fertile soil as the foundation of a new
agricultural life in which the farm.
ers will begin to cooperate with tire.
niendous new forces of the state and
the powers Of nature to feed the
world.
Two dams. one of them said to be
the biggest In the world. will supply
a total Of 100000 hydro-electric
horsepower. This immense power will
be employed to extract nitrogen from
the air in the form of ammonium nj
trate. This amonium nitrate will be
used to win the war for democracy.
After that is won 1t will become a
great factor in the foundation of the
Industrial democracy that will follow
the a For in being turned into
a huge fertilizer plant for enriching
the soil. 1t will constitute one of the
first concrete acknowledgements by
Uncle sam Of his duty to cooperate
with the Industrial life of the nation
and democratize it and build It IN
for tile enrichment and happiness of
all.
That the establishment of such a
government owned fertilizer plant
selling fertilizers to the farmers At
cost will compel the gradual estab.
lishment OF. enough of these govern.
ment plants to supply all the farm.
ers. there cannot be the slightest
doubt. .. =
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
HARM FROM RODENTS
IS C0UNTRY-W WIDE

Notwithstanding rodents are
common throughout the United
States. In states west of the
Mississippi river prairie dogs,
ground squirrels. pocket gophers,
rabbits, cotton rats and field
mice have taken a continually
increasing toll from the crops
of Wheat, oats. corn, barley and
other cereals, alfalfa, potatoes,
beans, fruit, melons and almonds
and from pasture ranges. States
east Of this boundary have suf-
fered heavily from the depreda-
tons Of rabbits, woodchucks and
meadow pine and white-footed
mice in gardens. field and truck
crops. orchards and vineyards.
The estimate Of $15O.O00,0OO loss
to crops annually in the United
States is based upon information
regarding conditions reported BY
field representatives Of the bio
logical survey. United States de-
partment Of agriculture, county
agricultural agents. other com.
petent officials, and farmers. It
does not include losses inflicted
by house mice and rats.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
MAXIMUM PRICES FOR WHEAT.

At last tho government has. taken
q step toward. tho fixing Of meat
prices. which under unrestrained pri-
vate control were rapidly becoming
p~rohibitive. Prices have been fixed
for May on beef for tho American
and Allied fighting forces. This does
not apply to prices the citizens re.
naming In the United States will
have to pay. but these army purchases
are so large that it 10 believed they
will practically determine prices to
the Awartcan puhliA.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
RAISING GEESE FOR PROFIT
Fowls Earn Their Own Ijvlno bv For.
aging in Pastures-Aifaifa
Field 10 Ideal.

That there is big money in raising
geese is conceded by every one who
a had anything to do with the raising
of them. They carr their w living
by foraging in the pastures and mead
ows. and where great quantities of al
talfa are raised would be an ideal
place for them.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
Not q Best Seller.

"Have you any worthwhile books In
here?" asked the superior person.
1--WE have thousands of volumes, SIR"
replied the clerk. I'm sure there 70
something in stock to suit the most
exacting taste. What do you requirer"
II want want a book of synonyms."
"Just a moment, sir, until I speak to
the boss. l don't believe we have any
of-er-Synonym's Observation-Disclosures
Age-Herald.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
LITTLE TROUBLE WITH GEESE
Many Farms Adapted for Raising
Small Number Of Fowis-Pastur.
age 10 Quite Essential.

prepared by, the United States Depart.
ment OF Agriculture.)
In u efforts to increase the pro-
duction of poultry, which Is being
urged by the department of agricul-
ture, we should not ignore turkeys,
ducks and geese. Many farms are
Well adapted for geese-raising. They
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
FIXTURES OF POULTRY HOUSE
Construction Should ee So That Every.
thing Can BE Readily Removed
and Cleaned.

tFrepared by the United States Depart.
msnt Of Agrtcuiture.)
AS far as possible, the interior fx.
lures OF a poultry house. such as roosts,
nests, dust boxes, drinking fountains.
feed troughs and grit boxes, should n
20 constructed as to permit them b
ss readily removed and cleaned,
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
PUBLIC CONTROL IS GAINING.

The drift OF the times is powerfully
Indicated by the big public control
moves over industry instituted as war
measures during the last ton days.
iQle Of the most important Of these
&N9sures of this kind. the proposed
NXnfO establish government control
q 0lf wines producing var raw mater.
as,peanAd the lower house 1T Washing.
tNA April 80. This bill authorizes
*hS government to control the produc-
ton Of all ores essential to war. The
government will also take over unde-
sUlopsd mines and smolters
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16

we'll and feel fine in tho morning and
able to do my work. gladly recon-
mend Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound TO make weak nerves
strong."-Mrs. ALBERT SULTzE, coo
Olmstead St., Winona, MINI.
How often do We hear the express3eo
among women, II nm % nervous, I can.
not sleep" or cit seems - though I
should fly" Such women should pfods
By Mn. Suites experience and give
this famous root and herb remedy,
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Co.
pound, . trial.
For forty years Il has been oyerco0-
ing such serious conditions % displaes-
mente, inflammation, liberation. irree-
ularities, periodic pains, backache, DE-
xiness, and nervous p~rostration q
women, and 10 now considered the star
dard remedy for such ailments.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
cutleura Heals Eczema

OussSVVN 1JeOJO GCzesttO
And rashes that itch and burn. II
there is a tendency to pimples. etc,
prevent their return by making CUT
cura your daily toilet preparation. For
free samples address, "Cuticura, Dept
<, Boston," At druggists and by mall,
Soap Is. Ointment rs and 5O.-Adv.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
POISONING STOPS
LARGE CROP LOSS
Cooperation Among Farmers
and All Authorities Concerned
Is Necessary.
IN NORTH DAKOTA
More Than 100000 Acres Treated In
North Dakota and Saving Of ST..
100000 AccompIished-Many
Counties Organized.

Crops worth more than $3.50, 0OO, 900
are destroyed every year by such ro-
dents as prairie dogs, ground squirrels,
pocket gophers, rabbits, field mice and
rats and woodchucks. This heavy toll
does not include loss inflicted by house
mice and rats. That the losses due to
rodents constitute an entirely unneces-
sary drain upon the productive capac-
ity Of the farms and that they may be
permanently eliminated at a cost which
Is but a small fraction of the damage
occasioned during a single year has
been proved by the extensive work al
ready accomplished in campaigns con-
Quoted by the Biological Survey of the
United States department Of agricul-
ture in cooperation with state and
county organizations.
Community cooperation will do the
work. Rodent pests have been prac-
tfcally eliminated from millions of
acres of valuable agricultural land in
the last four years through the COOP
Grafton Of thousands Of farmers. De-
scribing these campaigns federal spe-
cialists declare that the eagerness with
which farmers have availed themselves
Of the opportunity to Join in concerted
movements aimed at relief from these
pests is most significant and crafty.
ing. while the returns in increased crop
yields from the amount of labor and
money invested in the community
campaigns have exceeded all expecta-
lions. A successful fight against 70.
dent pests requires that all local. state
and national agencies concerned be
brought into harmonious and effective
cooperation and that modern poison
ing methods Of proved efficiency be
used.
Work In North Dakota.
In the great grain-producing areas
of North Dakota there has been devel-
oped the most extensive and thorough
ly organized campaign with a compre-
hensive plan Of statewide eradication
of rodent pests that has yet been at
tempted. This campaign was organ
lied under a cooperative project agree
ment between the bureau of biological
ohO AAS ,ot0SCO ACI0SkOu oCIVkC0
Of the United States department of
agriculture and the North Dakota agri-
cultural experiment station and extern
sion service. including the county agent
organization. The state legislature
provided a revolving fund available for
use In procuring and maintaining the
required stock Of poison supplies.
Many 0ophers Killed.
The initial campaign was launched
against the Richardson ground SOUR
rel. commonly known locally as
gopher" In many places poisoning
resulted In the killing Of 08 per cent
Of the animals on the first application.
Entire counties ere organized In a
systematic voluntary warfare upon the
rodents. using the township 40 Q con.
venient working saiA Poisoned grain
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
states Losses From Rod.n+,-

Some idea Of the loss suffered BY
Individual states from native rodents
may be obtained from the following
estimate recently submitted to the
United States department Of aericul.
ture BY state directors Of agricultural
extension work: Montana SIS. O000 00
to $2O.0O0.O0O; North Dakota, $1,000.
90 to 100000: Kansas, $12, 100000:
Colorado, $2.0o0.000; California. $40.
WO.OOO; Wyoming. 10 per cent Of all
crops; Nevada, 10 to Is per cent Of all
crops OF 100000: New Mexico. ST..
2Oo.OOO loss to crops and double TIL,
amount 70 range,
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
TAKES OVER RUBBER INDUSTRY

On May the government fixed q
standard price on crude rubber and
assumed complete control Of the sale
and manipulation of all rubber stocks.
THE order effects not only hundreds
of rubber importers. jobbers, manufac.
turers and dealers. but also every
man, woman and child in the United
States because of the widespread use
Of manufactured rubber goods" says
the Washington dispatch.
The prices fixed are 10 per cent be.
'r.w those prevailing April 80 and the
same as those prevalent before the re.
cent period Of speculation began.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16

70 DUO "O@ -
restat night
would noawakea n6
get % nervous ]
would have TO ct
up and walk around
and In the morning
would be ill tired
out I read about
Lydia e. Pinkham'e
Vegetable Com
pound and thought
! would try It. Ny
nervousness soon
1Afk ma alAnM
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
Contradictory lmpre..,o,.

Contradictory Impressions
do you enjoy reading spring DO
etry?"
"Some. But it's seldom interesting
enough to take my mind of the coel
shortage"
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16

And yet contractors are employed b
widen streets.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1918-05-16
WOMAN'S NERVES
MADE STRONG
Bv lydia E. Pinkhain's
Vegetable Compound.
Winona, MIMI suffered for more

Winons. Mimi "I suffered for more
than Q year from nsrvousness, and Wao
Omaha daily bee., 1918-09-18
EDITOR KILLS
WIFE, BUT FAILS
At SUICIDE TRY
Charles E. Chaplin Says He
Was Driven to Deed by
Desperation Over Claims
of Creditors.

New York, Sept. 17.-Charles E
Chaplin, city editor Of the New York
Evening World, whose wife was
found shot dead in her room at a
hotel here yesterday, surrendered
himself to the police today.
Chaplin wrote to business asso-
ciate yesterday limiting at suicide
and declaring that his wife had been
such a good pal that. I canno,
leave her alone in the world"
Declaring that his mind had been
wandering, Chaplin told tie police
he had been unable for several days
to recall his own name. Reading
in the morning newspapers accounts
Of his wife's death and his disap-
pearance. the editor asserted,
prompted him to report to the au-
thorities. IS.
Subsequently, Chaplin told the po-
lice how he killed his wife. Smoking
a cigar and continually pressing his
hand. to his head, he said that he
had been driven to the deed through
desperation caused by the demands
OF his creditors.
Approach of a policeman, the
editor declared, prevented his sui
eide in Prospect park, Brooklyn
where he went after shooting his
vie.
Omaha daily bee., 1918-09-18
Allied Aviators Drop
Bombs on the German
Positions Behind Lines

With the American Army on the
Lorraine Front, Sept. H.-(By' AS
ISOLATED Press)-British airplanes
Which are cooperating with ,Ameri-
can squadrens on this front flew far
back of the enemy lines today and
bombed airdromes at several places.
Some of the long distance fiers
passed over Karlsruhe and Mainz,
dripping FIVE and a half tons of ex-
plosives.
Eleven tons OF bombs were
dropped on the aFdrones at Lon
guyoh, Boulay, Marhange and
Bohm.
French and Italian units cooper
ated with American squadrons in
carrying out nine missions, in add
ton to which patrolling and photo
graphic work was successfully con-
Quoted.
London, Sept. H.-British avia-
tors have again bombed the railways
at Metz-Sablons and Mainz and
docks and siding at Karlsruhe. Sew
enteen direct hits were obtained on
the Karlsruhe detectives, according
to the air ministry communication
tonight.
Omaha daily bee., 1918-09-18
CARDINAL FARLEY
dies OF PNEUMONIA
CONTINUED from Page One.)

nection with its construction. When
the cardinal found he could spare
him from his work at the cathedral,
he appointed Monsignor Farley pas
tor Of St. Gabriers church in East
37th street. One OF his first acts
alter he became pastor Of this
church was oNerect a memorial al
tar to his apfedeeessor, Father
Clowry. This altar, exquisitely
worked in bas.felief, still forms
one OF the chief ornaments of the
fhurch.
Made Archbishop in 1902.
IN 1886 Monsignor Farley was
made missionary rector, and in
the same year was chosen diocesan
adviser. In 1891 came his appoint
Inent as coadjutor bishop OF New
York. In the Following year he
was created a domestic prelate to
the pope and prothonotary apos-
tolic three years later. The same
year he was consecrated titular bish-
op Of Zeugma and in 1902 he sue
ceeded Archbishop Corrigan as
head OF the archdiocese of New
York.
During his administration Arch
bishop Farley displayed remarkable
activity and energy. The number
Of churches increased from III to
147, the number of chapels from
l54 to 1873 and that of the priests
from 676 to 929. In 1900 there were
in the city 60 parish schools for boys
with 1888 pupils and 81 for girls
with 2l,15o pupils. Ten years later
there were-o0 schools for girls with
$1,000 pupils.
As archbishop Of New York Arch
bishop Farley was also charged with
the general supervision over the
dioceses Of Albany. Brooklyn, Buff
falo,s Ogdcnsburg, Rochester and
Syracuse with more than 100000
Roman Catholics.
In 1904 Archbishop Farley re-
ceiyed additional honors by being
appointed assistant at the pontifical
throne. Nm view of his brilliant
achievements in the past 1t caused
but little surprise when in Novem-
Der, 1911, the announcement was
made that Archbishop Farley had
been designated . member OF the
Sacred ColleEA, being one Of the
three distinguished members OF the
Catholic hierarchy in the United
States honored with the, eardinalate.