davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1918-06-13
PREACH CONSERVATION.

On Sunday, May 26th, in hundreds
Of South Dakota churches of every
denomination. the congregations
heard the special message of Herbert
Hoover, United States Food Admin.
~istrator, urging them to adopt the no.
wheat program from now on until the
next harvest. In a letter to all the
clergy of the state, the committee on
churches OF the Food Administration,
asked the pastors to cause their PEG.
pie to see:
|. That they are the nation, the
~conservator Of its ideals and the
agency Of its purpose.
2. Why we fight and how.
8. That the solid, cheerful and un-
swerving devotion Of all our people
to the rules, tests and duties of the
war is imperative.
4. That there is dangerous short
age Of wheat, q fact SO urgent that it
calls for the saving Of every possible
kernel Of wheat and ounce Of -four.
Some OF your people may be so shelf
cred from the stormy blasts OF the
world-struggle that they do not see
this. II is your privilege and duty to
cause them to 9 It. Many are Civ
Ing up all wheat products until har-
vest. Let us promote this movement
with vigor.
s. That selishness must die out IN
us through Him who 'came not to be
mtnistered unto, but to minister, and
give His life 9 ransom for many.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1918-06-13
NEW G RULE.

A new sugar regulation has recent
ly been announced by G.. N. Herreid,
Federal Food Administrator for South
Dakota, which affects all users Of
sugar in the state except household
ers, bakers and cracker manufacture
ers and hotels and other public eating
places. After May Is no refiner,
wholesaler, jobber or retailer may sell
sugar to any person engaged in any
business of manufacturing, bottling,
packing or preparing products in
which sugar is used except on certi-
flcates issued by the Federal Food Ad-
ministrator.
Certificates can be obtained from
the Federal Food Administration Of
fees at Aberdeen on presentation by
mail of sworn statements. Blank
forms for these sworn statements
may be obtained from Federal Food
Administrator Herreid, on applica-
ton. j
Inauguration Of the new sugar dis
tribntion plan mean that no person
except a householder, a baker or
cracker manufacturer holding a
United States license, a proprietor Of
a hotel, restaurant or other public
eating place, or a wholesaler or re-
taller in sugar may buy sugar with
out a certificate signed by the Federal
Food Administrator.
The purpose Of the regulation is to
secure a fair distribution of the pres
emit national supply Of sugar available
for manufacturing purposes. It has
been worked out with the greatest
possible care and with the desire to
disturb business just as little as pos,
yble
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1918-06-13
FARMER CAN INCREASE INCOME
TnREE-FOLD BY MARKET CONTROL
AGRicULTURIsTs LOSE BECAUSE OTHERS FIX PRICES
MANUFACTURERS WIN BECAUSE THEY DIRECT
SELLING END OF THEIR BUSINESS.

ally the worst year for q farmer is
q year following a bumper crop year.
PART OF THE BUMPER CROP is
STORED AND USED AGAINST HIM
THE NEXT YEAR.
Market Fixers Take Surplus.
1t is significant that the power OF
the middlemen to determine prices for
farm products has increased in prac-
tically the same ratio as the produc-
tiyity of the farmer has increased
through the development Of farm ma
chinery.
Since the Civil war, the productiv-
ity of the farmer, according to au-
thentic estimates, has increased rs
fold. This enormous gain, which 9th
arwise would have made the farmer
wealthy, has been absorbed by the
middlemen and big business through
the increasing power Of the latter to
control the finishing and marketing
of farm products and determine prices.
The individual farmer is just where
he was fifty years ago-a hard-hand-
ed toiler struggling for a bare ex-
istence.
Farmers Neglect Selling End.
When the great finishing and mar.
keting facilities we're originally sep
lated from the farm and passed to
the possession OF big business men
and the middlemen, the farmer found
himself obliged to specialize on sin
gle crops and depend on the sale of
them for a living, But the important
selling end Of his business was mon
opolized by these middlemen and big
business. They tried to make him
believe that PRICES were deter.
mined by the law Of supply and de-
mand, so that they could blame
natural law" for the poverty of the
farmer, while they controlled prices
through monopoly.
What Organization Will Do.
The manufacturer with an invest.
ment of better than eighteen billion
dollars sold his product for more than
twenty billion dollars. He had paid
$12,195, O19 900 for raw material, leay-
ing $S,572,527,0 900 as the value added
by manufacture. This is Al per cent
on the capital invested.
The average investment per farm
in the United States is $6,444. The
average value per farm for farm
products is 1853. Without making
n deductions for raw material. this
1853 worth of products represents
less than IA per cent on tho va1,,a
OF the investment. If the farmer
received THE SAME RELATIVE
PRICE for his products that the
manufacturer receives, the product Of
the average farm. instead of being
worth 1868, would be worth s2,642.
rms Is three times as much as he
IS getting now. The farmer must
organize to establish public control
of the market.
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1918-06-13
Official
Food News
issued by
Federal Food Administra-
ton for South Dakota,
c. N. HERRElD, Administrators.
FOOD WORKERS ADOPT REsoLU-
TIoNo.

The following resolutions were
passed by the county food admins
traitors of South Dakota at a confer
ence held at Aberdeen recently:
BE it resolved by the county food
administrators Of the State of South
Dakota:
THAT in view OF the. present world
need the saving Of wheat for human
food be urged upon all citizens;
THAT a special appeal be made to
all who can do SO to use no wheat for
food until after the next wheat har.
vest.
THAT the giving Of banquets at un-
usual hours be disapproved except
where no foods are used that need be
conserved, and that serving of light
refreshments at all lodge and social
functions be eliminated;
THAT the attention of the farmers
be called to the rule %forbidding the
use OF millable wheat for animal
feed;
THAT the appeal for food conser-
walton be broadened into a general
appeal for increased economy and the
stoppage of waste;
THAT we express u deep appre-
citation of the devoted and intelligent
service which has been rendered by
Charles N. Herreid as State Food Ad-
ministrator and that we pledge him
our continued loyal support"
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1918-06-13

II the farmers business were run
As we'll as the business of the manu-.
facturer, the farmer would receive
over three times as much as he now
gets for his product. This statement
IL based on facts and figures pre-
pared by the United States Govern.
menL.
The farmers output bulks stipend
ously each year as the most valuable
national asset. Why does not SO much
wealth coming from his hands leave
him wealthy?
Simply this: The amount of prod
ucts the farmer raises has nothing to
do with what he retains, because he
s%pecializes on certain crops and II
not live on what he produces, but
has to sell 1t in order to live. There
fore, he Is wholly dependent on the
PRICE OF what he sells and the
PRICE Of what he buys. Between the
two he loses the vast bulk of wealth
he produces because he has lost con-
troll OF PRICE FIXING.
Prices Fixed by Others.
The other fellow fixes the price
and incidentally fixes the farmer.
Through the neat little trick We call
PRICE the farmers enormous wealth
Is taken over bodily each year by the
fellow who controls the price and
the farmer Is left with an income
smaller even than the wage labor
er's.
In 1910, 6,631,5o2 farmers and their
help, an Industrial army OF more
than 10000, 900. workers, employing
SAC, 1891, $4,000 of capital, produced an
output that kept the nation alive and
IN comfort for a year, but was Incl
dentally PRICED by the other fellow
at $5,4S7, 000, 900 as it came from the
hands of the farmers. AT the same
time the manufacturers, employing
7,678.57S men and s1S,42S. $40, 900
worth Of capital, produced an output
that did not perform nearly so vital
q function, but incidentally SOLD for
$20,672. 052,OO0.
Manufacturers Well Organized.
This enormous discrepancy in re-
turns is solely a matter of PRICING.
me farmer let the other fellow at
tend to the matter OF prices and con-
hned his efforts to PRODUCING;
the manufacturer was we'll organized
and devoted at least half his attention.
70 marketing and getting a good
price. In a large measure he CON
trolled his own marketing and de-
termined his own prices. He was as
good q PRODUCER and an EIGHT
TINES BETTER SELLER than the
farmer.
That PRICES are the paramount is-
Y with the farmer Is evidenced by
tna fact that big crop years often
bring less money than poor crop san
ana farmers oftener go bankrupt on
big crops than on small crops. Usu-
Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1918-06-13
BIG COOPERATIVE PLANNED
farmers to Establish Supply House In
Chicago for Many !
Stores.

The american Cooperative Associa.
ton with over twenty retail branches
IA operation and with Service
branches located in Chicago, st. Paul
and Everett, Washington, has launch.
ed Its campaign for a Cooperative
Wholesale Supply House, to be locat.
ed In Chicago. Tho new enterprise
y meeting with favor with not only
ito present stockholders, but also
with outside cooperative organiza.
tions and numerous subscriptions
have been received, the subscriptions
are void II the entire amount is not
secured.
: With Its own wholesale and the
number OF retail branches being rap.
idly Increased. the American Cooper.
alive Association will become one OF
the most influential business enter.
prtses Of the country.
Aside from supplying its farmer
customers with what they need the
association also markets all kinds OF
farm produce, through its Chicago
branch, IS high 10 thirty car loads OF
produce having been sold In one week,
Ibesides ! largesspumber of local ship.
ments consisting Of poultry, eggs, but
ter. veal, etc.
Another venture. the success Of
which - practically assured IL the o.
EtAbIishment Of large Seed House,
where farmers can ship their seed for
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
Florida Will Have
 More Paved Highway

A big road pond sale which has been pending for more than six months has lust been concluded A special dispatch to the Manufacturers Record says that HiIlsborough county Florida, has dis posed of it's s875,OO0 per cent, 30-year road building bonds (which were award ed last spring to the contractors, Davls & Webb of Tampa, at 9S and accrued in- terest), SIS follows: Davis & Webb, Tam pa Spitzer Rorick & Co, Toledo, O.; K. M Grant & Co.,, Chicago, and it is ex- pected that construction will begin in about 50 days. The last two firms are prominent bond houses. It was statede at the time these bonds were scld last spring that they were not to be delivered until the third Liberty Loan was out of the way.
 The contract, which was awarded about a year ago, conditioned upon the approval and sale of the bonds, covers about 35 miles of brick paved roads at cost of $467, ,414; about 20 miles of asphalt block paved roads at cost of s343,936, and a number of bridges to cost s49, 266. The lat ter will include two structures each 120 feet long, one no feet long and several smaller bridges, II of the latter to be of concrete.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
Vast Development in The
 Tri-Cities District Goes On
By H. roNTAlNE LITTLE

Sheffield, December 29.-tSpecial)-The greater tri-cities of Sheffield, Florence and Tuscumbia, comprises district that has experienced wonderful growth dur ing the past 12 months These respec- tive municipalities are already big. busy and growing: the future is lndubi- tably very bright for these cities sing ly and collectively. The building of the Muscle Shoals dam and the operation of the two nitrate plants is warrant enough that the future will witness still greater developments here.
 In West Sheffield, where United States nitrate plant No. 1 is in operation, marvellous and magnificent plant of it's kind has been fully established. It re- presents an investment to the govern ment of approximately sl2,909Ooo. And although the war has ended and the emergency need of the plants products has disappeared, it's operation continues; it is regular beehive of industry. Some 1500 persons are employed at this plant
 At Muscle Shoals, the site lying to the east of Sheffield and opposite the city of Florence, United States ni- trate plant No. 2 is partly in operation, and construction work of finishing the plant continues. Only the past week an immense turbine, costing $1.50O.O00 was received at the plant. It will require
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
Strong Backing for
 Federal Road System

Last week the highway congress at Chicago fully bore out the predictions that it would serve to crystalize the high way sentiment of the country, says the Engineering News-Record. After attend ing the meetings no one could doubt that the country at large. as represented by delegates from practically every state, was determined that our present highway systems should be completed by the adop- ton of national system under the au- spices of the federal government
 The Congress itself declared in favor of a national system of highways to be biult, maintained and controlled by the federal government, the system to be in charge of national highway commission, which would not only assume the new activities, but take over all federal highway func- tions.
 The American Association of State Highway Officials-with Alabama repre- sented by Engineer w. s. Keller-on the other hand, while one of the joint spon- sors for the Congress, did not accept the resolutions of the larger body, though its resolutions differ only in detail. Like the Congress, the association advocated in creased appropriations by the federal
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
Improvements by Big
 Packing Interests

Improvements which will cost S1, 0OO,- 900 or more are planned and in pro- cess of execution by meat-packing in- and Armour & Co. are about equally represented in this total A large slaughter house for Swift & Co. is now up to the third story, and will be seven stories high altogether. It will cost about s200,000. Concrete and brick are the principal construction materials employed in it's erection. When 1t is finished 2000 cattle can be killed daily instead of 15O0.
 concrete, is being added to the old plant as cost of $50,000. Several huge steel oil-storage tanks are also being built, and in addition to the saul sage smokehouse will cost s50,00o. This is of the same construction as the other buildings. new dressing and rest building for employees is just about finished at 8 cost of S25,000. An ad- dition to the cooling system of the plant will cost s20,000 Twenty new individual garages will also be erected doubling their number
 The Libby, McNeill & Libby plant which is within the Swift X Go. tract, has been remodeled by Swift X Co. for the lessees. who are putting in new equipment, the aggregate cost of the work on this plant being about s100,- 900. At Armour & Co.'S plant construc tion of a five-story dry-s storage build- ing has begun. It will Ac of brick and concrete, 270x230 feet. Construction will also start soon on a new curing plant capable of storing 5000, ,000 pounds of meat this being in addition to the existing large curing capacity
 This building will be six stories hig
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30

three months, it is stated to install this heavy piece of inac hinei'N. It is said to be one of the largest ever manufacture in the United States. It will be used in the manufacture of nitrates.
 At the Muscle Shoals plant everything is running at top speed, and it is one of the busiest places in the United States today. Officially it is learned that there are employed at the plant approximately 10,29S white persons, and 4ST colored, making a total of over 15,0o0 people en- gagged at this plant.
 Preparations continue to be made in various ways to get the work of con struction fully under way on the Mus cle Shoals dam, and in East Florence, the scene of the beginning of the dam, building activities. it is easy to discern that the government is going about the matter in determned fashion, with the definite aim in view of building the Muscle Shoals dam. By the time the spring months arrive, all preliminary plans will have been completed and it is expected that at least 5000 persons wiil be engaged in the construction work
 The wonderful development that has taken place here, will forever stand as monument to what the United States can do in an emergency like that through which the nation has only recently emerged.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30

Regular Barge Line SerUice
 From the Warrior to the Gull

A New Orleans special to the Manu factufers Record says: Regular barge service between New orleans and Cor dova, Ala, a few miles from Birming- ham. began December 16. This is the barge line operated by the United States railroad administration to the Alabama coal fields The first load of coal was brought to New Orleans sew eral months ago, but was merely an emergency shipment. Now the regular service begins.
 The Warrior river is navigable for 400 miles. Plans are under discussion to build more locks, increasing it's navigability many miles. At Mobile, the Warrior flows into Mobile bay. The route then leads through shell tered portion of the gulf to Lake Borgne and thence to the Mississippi via Lake Borgne canal, ? miles be- low the postoffice of New Orleans.
 From Alabama coal will be brought to Mobile and New Orleans For re- turn cargoes, the commodity freight business will be developed. Rates will be 20 per cent less than rail.
 For the New Orleans trade the pres- ent equipment includes five steel self propelled barges. For the Mobile trade there are now some 20 wooden barges.
 In addition Director General McAdoo has just authorized the construction of s1, GOO. 900 of new equipment for the Warrior river He has also authorized the> purchase of s6,000000rof equip ment for the Mississippi.
 In the early part of December the fate of the waterways project seemed doubtful in the extreme. Sinister rail- road interests were believed to be working against it, and when MT. Me Adoo was in Birmingham he refused to commit himself
 The situation was so grave that M J. Sanders. Federal director and T. F.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30

Cunningham, representing the New Or leans board of trade. went to Wasn- ington to plead the cause of the valley in person.
 On December IA Director General McAdoo announced categorically that the original program would be pro- ceeded with. He also appealed to the Mississippi valley business and politi- cal interests to back up the govern : ment in the proposal to extend federal control over railroads for five years in order that the waterways system might receive a fair test. If the roads revert to private control before the system is thoroughly established, MT. McAdoo feared that the old methods of railroad competition with water : ways transportation will be revived and that the waterways experiment may not be able to survive.
 The new equipment for the Warrior Riyer-New Orleans business will in- clude three steel towboats and 24 barges. among them four of the self propelled type. The latter will be 250 feet long. with beam of 4s feet, Their carrying capaNty will be 1900 tons for coal with a cubic space for 500 tons of crated freight, and will draw 7h feet loaded to capacity. The other barges will be of 1000 tons capacity.
 For the Warrior-Mobile business there will be 20 woden barges and three towboats.
 The New Orleans equipment will be able to handle 175,o00 tons of coal a year; the Mobile equipment, 100000 tons.
 Equipment on the lower Mississippi will include 40 barges of 2000 tons ca pacity and six steel towboats
 Thus adequate equipment for the double waterways service will soon be building. and river and rail differen tials on the 80 per cent basis. have been granted to a large part of the northern valley.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30

 now, and after the holidays are over, planning for business on great scale will be under way.
 The building of houses and the building of paved roads for motor truck hauling will call for immense expenditures of money. and the employment of thousands upon thousands of men. A solid building boom in and around Birmingham is cer- tainly in sight. But the largest degree of activity will be in the coal. iron and steel industries The work of rehabilita- ton in this country will call for enor- nous production, and the rehabilitation of Europe will call for still more.
 The Tennessee company's mammoth plants at Fairfield that have been in course of construction during the past
 12 months are nearing completion. Some of them, in fact, are almost com
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
s1O,O00,O00 Electric Railway

report from Tulsa, Okla, says that posed electric railway designed to con meet Tulsa with Muskogee and Okla homa City. about 100 miles, according to statements of R. D. Long and Edgar Graham of Muskogee. The cost of construction Is estimated al s10,0O0,000. and subscriptions are made for that amount. Boynton, Morris. Okmulgee, the Creek county oil region, Henryetta and Shawnee are also to be reached by lines planned by the company.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
COUGHING SPELLS
 BREAK YOUR REST
Put a stop to them with old reliable Dr. Kings New
 Discovery

That raw, hoarse throat must be soothed. That phlegm- loaded chest must be 1oosened. That cough must be check ed so you can sleep.
 pr. Kings New Discovery has been relieving colds, and coughs for half century without the least disagreeable after effects.
 Your druggist has 1t because 1t is well-known and in big demand. soc and S1.20.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
Try this for Constipation

Keep the bowels on schedule time tenn freed from poisonous wastes. the complexion clear, the stomach sweet. the tongue uncoated. the breath un- tainted. Mild yet positive in action. 25c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30
Prediction That Readjustment OF
 Industrial Life WEI Come Soon
1919 Most Promising Starting Up Plant Fairfield Sight in All Sec
 tions of the Couny-Industry Huns

pleted, and steel will be running from the relocating mill within the next few days, and shortly plates and struc- tural shapes will be numbered with the Tennessee company's products.
 The vast expansion of the company's s operations has transformed the face of Fairfield and the valley beyond
 Verify Birmingham is steel cen ter, and 1t will keep on expanding.
 Sheffield and Florence are booming, and Mobile is growing rapidly and in every southern state industry has been humming. With the new forward move ment the industrial strides should be simply phenomenal
 The year drawing to a close has brought great prosperity to the agri- cultural south. Never has there been such abounding prosperity in Ala bama. And the thrift of the farmer is reflected in the cities of the state
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-30

t has been estimated that Noah's ark was 547 feet long, 91 feet broat and 5I feet high. Its capacity, according to Bisncp Wilkins, was 72,6.5 tons