davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01
Technical Training
Il for the Soldier

Since the development Of technical train
ing throughout the army has been 80 rapid
during the last year, and especially during
the last six months. the results obtained
unbelievable, and were only made pos
sible by intensive work, from which every
thing not bearing directly upon military
efficiency had been eliminated.
Perhaps the most apt example Of what
was done is given by the trade schools at
Washington Barracks What has been done
there on a small scale is illustrative of the
widespread work being at present accom-
plished by various vocational training units
of the Students Army Training Corps
throughout the country, from which ulti-
mately there may be returned to civilian
life a wealth of skilled laborers in every
calling.
The s. A. T. c., however, although i'm
pressively large, is younger than the voca-
tional units at the training camps, and far,
far younger than the barracks, and at pres
ent there Is careful distinction to be
drawn between the S. A. T. c., which is ad
ministered by the committee on education
and special training of the War Department,
and the vocational schools of the canton
ments, which under the jurisdiction Of
the engineer corps of the army.
At the time of our declaration Of war
against Germany Washington Barracks was
mainly devoted to instructing the embryo
sapper fresh from West Point, in the spe-
cial training of his chosen branch of the
service. Although there were other minor
activities at the post, it was primarily the
Engineer Officers Training School, post
graduate addendum to West Point.
With the outbreak of the war it became
Immediately necessary to provide training
for privates as we'll as for officers, and
Washington Barracks became the first logi-
cal school for that training. Subsequently
it has been almost obscured by the aggrega-
ton of schools for vocational training of
soldiers under the War Department.
but it remains the most interesting and rep
resentative Of the work which Immediately
devolved upon the pioneer regiments.
For every division to go overseas pio-
regiment of sappers, prepared for any
emergency, was assigned to undertake the
gerry various incidental work of maintenance
and repair. When one considers that in the
entire regular army as 1t was in March, 1917.
there were but three pioneer regiments,
numbering-with the inclusion Of an engi-
detachment at West Point, one
mounted company and one band-in all,
4,125 officers and enlisted men--some idea
Of the expansion necessary to the present
resultant may be limited
When one takes into consideration, mere
over the thousand and-one duties of each
pioneer regiment for which the private Is
prepared, the wonder grows yet more.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01
A Zion i'm Missouri

and his companions went by boat to St.
Louis, but had to walk the three hundred
miles across Missouri to Independence
Smith was enraptured with what he found.
In truth, it is one of the fairest regions in
America Splendid hills overlook valleys
Of great fertility; and the Missouri River,
winding its tortuous way to the Mississippi
adds the scenic touch that delights the ar
tistc eye. The Lord quite agreed with
Smiths choice. In few days the prophet
announced that he mad received q divine
revelation that here was the New Jeru-
salem, the future city of Christ, where the
Lord was to rule over the Saints as a tenn
poral king in "power and great glory" The
voice of the Lord, speaking through Joseph
Smith, proclaimed:
This is the land of promise and the
place for the City of Zion. And thus saith
the Lord your God, if you Will receive wis
dom, behold the place which is now called
independence is the centre place, and a
spot for the temple is lying westward, upon
lot which is not far from the Court
House, wherefore it is wisdom that the
land should be purchased by the Saints
Accordingly the land was purchased, and
the temple site was solemnly marked and
dedicated. To this day it has remained in
the possession of the Mormons and mas
never been built upon. 1t was further re-
vealed that Independence, or Zion. as the
Mormons called it, was to be a city sur
passing in splendor anything known in an
cient modern times Buildings of
cleaning walls should line streets of pure
gold. 1t was in every way to be q CITY
worthy of the seat of the temporal power
of Christ when He should come to rule as
King over His Saints, all the rest of the
world having been destroyed The lost
tribes Of Israel, Smith revealed, were en-
clrcled by great walls of ice at the North
Pole, but these walls would melt and the
lost tribes would hasten to Zion. bearino
great loads of gold and silver. 1t was also
revealed to Smith that this was the site of
the Garden of Eden, and he pointed ont the
pile OF stones which, he told his followers
was the banished Adams altar
But the people of the Missouri commu-
nifty did not like their new neigbbors
Troubles multiplied, and finally a mob
drove the Mormons away. killing manv OF
them ana destroying their property. Smith
yielded to force of arms, but he called on
ms followers not to sell their property in
independence. 1t was the true Zion. he
sald the site of the temple, and the Nor
mons would surely return
From Missouri the Mormons went to
Nauvoo, III. There the revelation permit.
ting polygamy was given. Smith and his
brother Hyrum were arrested, and were
taken from jail by mob and shot. Brig
ham YOUNG S,1rreadeS 70 fho
Church and led the Saints across plains and
mountains to Salt Lake, where they built
city in the desert and prospered amazingly.
The great temple there is marvel of ar
chitecture, but it was built by hands That
vacant lot at Independence still awaits the
Lords masterpiece.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01
THE Art of Being
L. a Soldier

Until Camp Humphreys sprang into ex-
istence the sappers were largely drawn
from Washington Barracks, and were three
months In training. Aside from the men
specially recommended by environments az
being skilled in some calling needful To
pioneer regiment the entrants at the bar
racks were frequently civilians direct from
the local draft boards, which might have
been asked to furnish masons, carpenters
plumbers or whatever needs could be snn-
piled by them from the men classified IN
the draft questionnaires.
At the barracks these men we're given
for one month the inescapa5le infantry
drill, which may have irked them consider.
ably, but for which they were later pro.
foundry grateful. They learned the fund.-.
mentals Of the art Of being solder-dru
guard mount, ,nfrequently, and inadvert-
emily kitchen police, together with all the
little soldierly essentials, which includes
grumbling considerably in private about
life in general and life with the engi-
neers in particular and Dragging consider
ably in public about the incompatible glory.
Of being an engineer
About the time they had taken on weight
AT appetite and had begun to despair of
ever getting to France, they were trans
ferred to Fort Foote down the river. an
ancient Civil War landmark, where they
discovered there was considerably more
they did not know, inclu-ing making camp
digging trenches and cheerfully hiking the
two-day trip to Annapolis and back for
rife practice. This they did for another
month.
By the beginning of the third month they
were nearly soldiers, but not yet sappers.
so back they Mt to the barracks for voca-
tional training. If by chance they were
superclious concer ng a simple little
trade, such blacksmithng or carpentry,
considering that they had learned all that
there was to be learned in practical civil
life, another surprise began to come to
them. There were countless tricks to their
particular trade that had been developed
for military purposes to a high degree, Of
which they suddenly discovered their own
ignorance. They were not working by the
hour or by the day, moreover They we're
learning to work by the job at jobs that
might mean life or death to regiment in
actual service. They worked side by side
with men who were learning for the first
time what to them was an old story, and
occasionally the newcomers were amazingly
intelligent at picking up the knack which
the old-stagers overlooked.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01

such grandeur as the world never
knew, is a weed grown waste in Missouri
town; and the streets of that town, instead
of being paved with gold, are of asphalt
and macadam. But still the chosen people
do not despair, and that weedy waste is
kept sacred, for in His own time thes Lord
will come in the night, and when morning
dawns there will stand such temple as
mortal eyes never saw.
That is the law. 1t was given in divine
revelation to Joseph Smith, founder of the
Mormon Church and uncle of President
Smith, who died last week Salt Lake is
the City of the Saints, but it is not Zion.
Zion is the town of Independence, Mo-, now
a suburb of Kansas City. There was the
Garden of Eden, and out from it went Adam
Tor his transgressiOn. Only a few miles
away is pile OF stones where the First
Man. driven out with his mate from the
Garden, raised altar and offered sacri-
fees unto the Lord.
Those things are Mormon gospel. The
first Joseph Smith said they were spoken
by God through him, and they stand to- day
among the Mormons as a divine revelation.
Among the latest of his acts before he was
shot by lynchers at Carthage, ILL.,, was the
reiteration by Joseph Smith that indie
pendence was the real Zion and that the
Mormons should one day return there to
gamer about the great temple. And as a
matter OF fact, the Mormons are returning
there. For years they h We been quietly
drifting back to the place from which
mob drove them more than three-quarters
or century ago, and now independence,
little city of $1,000 persons, is entirely
dominated by them. They have clustered
as much as possible about the temple site.
but have not infrnged upon it, Their
church, the biggest in the town, stands Just
across the street from the temple site. 1t
is a fine structure of stone, but it will
stand only until the building Of the Lords
temple.
The revelation regarding Independence
was given in the early and troublous
days OF the Mormon Church, or, to give it
its official title, the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter Day Saints. The Angel Moroni
had appeared to young Joseph Smith at his
home near Palmyra, N. Y, and had revealed
to him the hiding place of the plates Of
gold on which was written the Book of
Mormon. Smith and his followers, finding
New York unfriendly, had moved to Ohio
and again found themselves unwelcome
Then Smith sent scouts into the wilderness
TO ind site where the church could have
peace The scouts returned with glowing
reports or the country in and around the
little frontier town of Independence No
Smith resolved to see 1t FOR bimself He
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01

able pride at the barracks that a reason
ably literate candidate can be taken in
hand by the stenographic instructors and
in six weeks be competent to undertake
any clerical work necessary at headquar-
ters. In four weeks he should master the
fundamentals of stenography and typewrit-
ing, and since his practice Is concentrated
upon the usual clerical needs of the post,
he acquires the practical application sim
ultaneously with the technical knowledge.
During this four weeks his military train
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01

possibly amateur zeal was abruptly brought
to proof by three curt questions, each with
two subsequent dotted lines upon which the
over-eager volunteer had to confess him
self: "(1) What experience have you had in
your first choice? (2) What experience
have you had in your second choice? 90
What experience have you had in any other
trade mentioned on the other side of this
card ?"
If the questions were not accurately
answered any discrepancy was sure to be
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01

IA ing IL oT AuulNE a pSItSf ID Viz Pso-
~ occupation of most Of
About seventeen months ago the
selective service act began taking away that
preoccupation from several-odd million
Americans, and indirectly turned their In
dividual Jobs over to temporary substitutes.
The several-odd million went into training
for an entirely new job, the overthrow Of
militarsm, and when last reported we're
definitely headed In the direction Of ccnsid-
cradle success.
Now, with the signing of the armistice.
has come frenzied question, "What will
happen to the old job" The temporary
substitute would perhaps prefer to be per-
manent- "When the boys come back" has
threatening sound to him; and while he
would not for worlds have had the war
maintained for his especial benefit, he is
slightly anxious and very interrogative.
His Interrogation may be answered briefly
and authoritatively. 1t is unlikely that the
soldier for whom he substituted is going to
return to that particular job, because there
for which that particular soldier is quail
flied by this time, provided that he has prof
tied by his advantages
In other words there are going to be Jobs
enough to go all the way round and lap
over The conscientious war worker who
has made good at his assignment will have
every chance Of continuing indefinitely The
only worker who need worry is the indus
trial Stacker who has slipped into COM
Portable position that Is entirely too big for
him and that he found in an hour of stress
full labor shortage.
1t was with the intention of conducting a
bit of research into the future lob Of the
soldier that the writer went to Washington.
After three days of predatory interviews
with sundry courteous staff officers it ap-
peared that the story of the preparation Of
the American soldier for ultimate civil life
can scarcely be compressed into scant space
Therefore, instead of the comprehensive,
it seemed wisest to consider the intensive,
concentrating upon the training given
very small segment of only one fraction Of
the army-the engineers, erstwhile termed
the "sappers" in recognition Of their for
mer chief function of digging saps and
mines beneath the enemy Notifications.
Apparently the growth Of the engineers
has been consistent with that Of the entire
army, as at present every important func-
ton of skilled labor seems to be part of
the repertory Of the "sappers," and al
though nominally q non-combatant branch
Of the service, there IS on record for all
time the achievement of the pioneer regi-
ment that stopped the German advance a
year ago with shovels and picks and main
tanned the liason of the Allied forces at
strategic point After observing the very
stern bayonet drilling of several engineer
regiments, l am inclined to consider that
the "shovels and picks" were bit of poetic
embroidery; but the fact remains that the
Germans were stopped-and stopped by
"sappers." And any engineer, private or
officer will furnish further details most
willingly
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01
livery Vocation in
IL the Dictionary

1t Is possible to follow through the vari-
Gus activities Of this imaginary division
and its dependence upon the pioneer regi
ment indefinitely, since the vocational
schools at Camp Humphreys, Virginia, in
cude almost every practical vocation in
the dictionary, from blacksmithing to well
drilling. Some few Of the subjects are:
Carpentry, foundry work, lumberin~, min
ing. printing, photography, rigging, survey
ing, tipping, dock construction, steam en-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01

pleted their training for pioneer service a
regiment" was sent across to France to
be used there according to the needs Of
the organized regiments at the front; ten
gas engine men might be sent from the
port of debarkaton to one pioneer regl-
ment; two backsmiths and five stcnog-
raphers to another, and so the regiment"
would be split until it ceased to be recog-
nizable. Meanwhile a successive "rcg-
ment" might arrive in France, and still
third be in training at the barracks; while
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01
Will He Want the Old Job Back?-The Soldiers Pr0ble

revealed by the candidates. first days work,
although there was no unreasonable objec-
ton to giving q serious worker q second
chance at another school than that for which
he considered himself best fitted. SO it
frequently happened that mediocre car
penter did much better at rigging, and if so
he was transferred according to his better
talent
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01
W7heere the
w Sapper Comes in

Picture division advancing. There is
not mile during which the success of that
advance does not in some detail depend
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01

"A MOTHER head of the Mormon
~ Church is dead, and still the site
- -As of the great temple, q temple of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-12-01
By Cornelia Sterrett Penheld

' :: !: :: :' :: ::';;
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
REPORTS THAT SUBMARINES
ARE ORDERED BACK TO BASES

Amsterdam The Handelsblad pub
fishes with reserve a report that the
German admiralty has issued wireless
instructions to all submarines to re-
turn to their bases,
Dispatches from Berlin indicate a
slrerg antiWilson tendency. not only
In military quarters but also in those
which have favored peace.
For example. Herr Gothein, mem
Der Of the reichstag, writing in The
Zeintnng Am Mittag. declares Presi-
dent Wilson has given death blow 10
the idea of league of nations. His
position. the writer asserts is one Of
brute force rather than equal rights
and Germany would enter league
under such conditions with feelings
Of Understandable bitterness"
The Cologne Gazette publishes a
manifesto of the conservative party
signed By Count Friedrich Won West
arp and other members of the party.
declaring that after President Will
sons reply the contest OF arms must
be fought out to finish 1t paints a
terrible picture OF the fate that would
befsll an invaded fatherland
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
War Alters Sex Ratio Of Nations.

An Italian scientist, In n book Just
published on the subject of war and
population, says that there Will be In
England III women between the ages
of twenty and forty.four TO every one
hundred men between the same ages
II The war ends next year. In 1910 the
proportion was los to 100.
In France there will he l24 wOmeE
Of those ages, the writer estimates, to
every 100 men. In Germany. where
the sexes were almost evenly balanced
before the war, the proportion will be
ll9 women to 100 men.
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
QUICK CONCLUSION OF WAR
NOT LOOKED FOR BY EXPERTS

London II the war is brought TO a
uucik conclusion il will be through
political and moral factors, and not
military, was the opinion expressed in
competent circles here II was point.
ed out that the German position on
the western front cannot be termed
perlous. although at certain points
every changing front may render
some small positions dangerous at
times
This view. which has been held by
many experts for some time has been
strengthened by the German retreat
to the Hunding line With the Ameri'
cans and French pushing hard on
this front the Germans doubtless were
forced to retreat faster tran they had
planned. but they lost comparatively
few prisoners and guns for such
large operation
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
Pics Never Eat Loo Much

Even The pig knows how to protect
himself against dangers arising from
indiScrctionS In eating, not only as Ia
quantity, hut MS to the proportion of
the various food constituents. This
is shown by EyvardS experiments. lie
allowed pigs TO feed themselves nd
libtmm with corn. meat meal, oilmeaL
Salts and The like, from separate hop
pers. During early growth. when new
Tissues We're being made rapidly. those
pigs ate much larger proportions OF
protein than when growth became
slower. Later, when smaller amounts
of corn were eaten. the protein def
cheney thus caused was met by an In.
crease In the amount Of meat-meal eat
en-. Under these conditions of free.
choice feeding the pigs grew faster
thrn any previously recorded which
had been fed on mixtures made for
them by the combined talent OF agrl-
cultural experts, trained both In the
science OF nutrition and In the practice
Of feeding Thomas Is. Osborne, IN At
lsntc.
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
Antidote Found for Poison Gas,

According to story told by several
American soldiers who have returned
from France, a gas has been invented
which Will dissIpate or purify poison
gas hurled Into the trenches by the
Germans. The soldiers declared tina,
the gas was so effective that when q
berrage of shells containing 1t was
thrown into sector, bombarded by
poison gas shells, the air was purified
so rapidly that the use Of gas masks
was not necessary,
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
GERMANS ARE IN
GENERAL RETREAT
CNN~Ih UED STRONG PRESSURE
HAsTENs ENEMY RETREAT
ALONG EXTENDED FRONT.
SyBMAR NE Ease CAPTURED
Rapid Movement Of Allies In an En-,
de7vor to Seal the Western
Flanders Sack.

Over front of 40 miles. from tho
horth sea- in Belgium, to Lille. in
northern France, the Germans are in
general retreat before the Belgian,
French and British armies. Likewise
the enemy is being forced to concede
defeat by retrograde movements be.
fore the British and Americans south
east of Cambria under attacks OF
the French in the pocket between the
Disc and Serre rivers north of Iaon,
ana by reason Of continued strong at
lacks by the French and Americans
In Champagne and along the Meuse
river.
Nowhere however, IS the enemy in
disorder, In Belgian Flanders his
steps are being FASTENED by reason OF
the swift drives into his line by the
British at Lille. just south of the Bel.
gian border and by the French and
Belgians further north. which threaten
to compel him to enter Dutch terri
tory and face nternment unless he is
swift enough to withdraw out of the
entire pocket between the Scheldt
river ar1 the sea and reconsttute his
line with its right wing resting on Ant
werp.
Ostend one of the famous subma-
rine bases on the sea, is in British
hands, Bruges is all but captured.
while to the south from the region
east of Roulers the allied forces are
fast driving toward Client in an en-
deayor TO seal the western Flanders
sack and retain in it large elements OF
the enemy's forces.
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
GERMAN PRESS PRINTS REPLY
OF THE PRESIDENT IN FULL

Amsterdam Judging by Rheinish
and Perrin newspapers received here.
President Wilson's reply was printed
in full in the German press The
newspapers variously termed the re
ply "A trap" Wilson's evasions," "A
rude answer" and the like.
Some OF the newspapers do not at
tempt to comment on the reply mere
ly saying:
Leave It to the supreme army
command"
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25
TO FINANCE RECONSTRUCTION
OF THE JEWRY OF THE WORLD

Vow York fund which may reach
81 600 .O00 OOo TO be used to inanc" the
reconstruction of the Jewry Of the
world will be sought by the joint dis.
tribution committee OF the American
funds for Jewish war sufferers. which
il was announced here will undertake
what It describes as "the largest pur>.
" humanitarian project in history Ia
be attempted by individual effort"
Success Of this project is confidently
predicted
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1918-10-25

Mai. Gen. William l.. Kcnly tScntcd d.
In command of the division of military
neronnulicS. and Col. +. H. Kpnncy, hi,
executive officer General Kenly has
charge of the flying end Of the air
service including operations, training
and administration. Colonel kcnnry
was brought to Washington from Gen
eral Per>hing'S staff He is n native of
Chicago.