Norwich bulletin., 1918-02-18
E. J. GRAHAM CHOSEN
 STATE VICE PRESIDENT
Norwich Man Elected to Office by School Superintendents' Association of Connecticut.

the association in Hartford on Fri day. MT. Graham is superintendent of the public schools of Norwich.
 Henry 0. Morrison, assistant secre- tary ot the state board of education and formerly commissioner of educa- ton of New Hampshire, in a paper read at tlfe meeting, emphasized the teachers is not a temporary condition and that it will continue as long as the profession is poorly paid.
 The paper was read by Henry T. Burr, owing to the illness of MT. Nor rison.
 Tt is altogether probable that state like ours could, if it chose, raise the entire additional amount neces- sary to put our salary account on an adequate basis." said MT. Morrison. Some states could not" In his opin- ion, however, the state should not raise the entire amount, for the sim pie reason that the benefits of school ing accrue largely not to the state but to the United States.
 Mir. Morrison said: Tn 1855, 56 per cent. of the teachers of the state were men. In ten years, this had fallen to 50 per cent. in twenty years more to l9 per cent. in another twenty to 8 per cent
 At the present time, the percentage of men teachers in Connecticut is less than per cent. and most of these men are in administrative positions. And such is the history of most of the states. None like it exists anywhere among the great powers of western Europe,
 Now, the significant thing is, not that men give place to women, but that women replaced men because they could and would work cheaper. As soon as you once employ a woman because she is less expensive than a man, you inevitably begin to employ | younger and inferior women because they will drive out, in competition for a place which has substantially nc l qualification bars, more mature and superior women.
 By the beginning of the present century, we had reached a stage where outside of few of the larger cities practically all the teachers were young girls, inexperienced and with no per l manent interest in teaching. Today the sudden great increase in the mum Der of well paid positions in other woman's professions, and in commerce and the industries has ushered in ( period in which it is difficult to SC. cure anybody to teach at the salaries paid. In other words, we have reached the dropping place. Sooner or la. ter we should have reached it any. way. =
 Let us compare women teachers salaries in the state of Connection with salaries paid to other womel workers. Men teachers don't count especially at $9 and $10 per week Using the last figures obtainabie. thos' for the last school year. I find tha the range of teachers salaries in tn, [state is from $35 a month to $79 month. Averages for towns and citie are used. Of course there were indi sidual salaries less than $35 and great CT than $79. The most common sal ary was S53 per month and the bulk o the towns and cities were paying les than $5S per month. So the typica teacher was receiving last year an an nual income of rather less than $500.
 Miss Charlotte Holloway of the bu reau of labor has very kindly furnish ed me with information regardin! present salaries of women "who," a Miss Holloway states. some years az would undoubtedly have been in tn teaching ranks" <, Stenographers .... .... $500 to s1.25 Rookkeepers .... .... 800 to 1,25I Clerks in department
 stores .... .......... 400 to 100 Trained nurses ....... 1,250 to 1,50
 (with board and lodging)
 Forewomen in fac
 tories ..... ....... 900 to 1,25 Superintendents, ma-
 tron superintend-
 ents and nurses. .... 1000 to 1.75 IDressmakers and mill
 huSlS OUU lO JV Do. heads of depart
 ments :. loo. ,... 1,250 to 3,75
 Tn the past year or two man, teachers have applied in large mum bers for employment in the insuranc offices of Hartford and New Haver In laundries many high school grad uates and one or two normal grad uates who were working as supervis prs and receiving S16 to SIS a week $500 to $900 a year.
 ''The teacher receives from $500 t S7O0 per year in the elementary school but very few the latter
 "As young women say to the nor nal school principals, Why should go to the normal school for two year when the most can reasonably expec to earn as a teacher is S15 a week fo thirty-six or forty weeks, and I ca get that now" As matter. of princi ple, people who, are content with loy pay and no future are not the kind c people, as a rule. who ought to be al lowed to become teachers.
 "We cannot get priceless service fo $500 a year. No amount of cleve scheming will enable us to. It is un worthy and hypocritical to expect tt
 "Nor is it enough to put an end t the shortage of teachers. We mus also build up a vastly more per1nanen force. The only answer to the perma Inency question is men teachers. Youn women will remain in the schoolroor for longer or shorter period, but most cases will eventually marry, a they should If men can be induced
 teach, marriage does not put an en
 to the teaching.
 Tt is hard to see how men coul effectively be employed in the firs l four grades, but beyond that we nee them in increasing numbers for u , sake of the boys of the school as we as for the sake of permanency in .tt } profession. After the sixth grade, tt boys ought to be chiefly under u
 charge of men teachers"
 Present at the meeting from No wich were Henry A. Tirrell, princip of\ the Norwich Free Academy. Ere L. Newton F. s. Bushnell and Edwal J. Graham.
 BAD CHIMNEY FIRE