davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
500, 900 CAPTlVES ARE FREED

which would preclude their ever join
ing the army again. Also tuberculosis
prisoners, those clinically cured as well
as those still needing treatment, were
to be repatriated.
Following this the scope of the re-
patriation program was vastly extend
ed when France, Germany and Bel
GUM agreed to exchange all prisoners
of war forty-eight years of age and
older who had been interned more than
eighteen months. This applied to pri-
Yates and noncommissioned officers
only. Commissioned officers were to
be interned In Switzerland.
And lastly another agreement was
brought about by the efforts of the
Swiss government. 1t still further ex-
tended the scope of the exchange con-
ditions. All civil prisoners were to be
freed
Many Return to Homes
The freeing and exchanging of these
prisoners has been in progress for some
time. Long trains filled with these for
mer soldiers are passing through
Switzerland every day in both direc-
lions, taking these unfortunate victims
back to their old homes.
Up to the middle of last month more
than 100000 prisoners of war had
passed through Switzerland on their
way To liberty Some of these soldiers
were in a most pitiable state. The peo-
pie of Switzerland played the part of
the good Samaritan by feeding cloth
| ing and consoling these poor sufferers.
In addition Switzerland has been the
connecting link in mail communication
! between belligcrent countries. Up to
| the first of June Switzerland without
! charge transported 19,796,000 letters
1 and cards to prisoners of war, 457 900
parcels weighing no more than two
! pounds, 414,679, 600 letters and cards
in transit 19,526000 small parcels in
transit 6,364 900 parcels containing
bread sent to Germany and Austria,
7S,S16000 parcels weighing up to ten
pounds and 9.4S9OOO money orders
transmitting an aggregate amount of
$50 100000
Since the beginning Of 1916 Switzer-
land has been harboring continuously
from 10000 to 10000 informed prison
ers of war needing medical treatment
and hospital care. Lately their num-
Der has never been less than 10000.
All these informed prisoners were Wis
tied by their relatives, adding 10000
people on the average to the number
Of consumers, or about | per cent OF
the domestic population.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
Model Village in Belgium.

At the initiative Of NJ. f. Malfat, d.
rector of the architectural works of
the city of Brussels, specialists are
studying Mt present project looking
toward the creation, on the boundary
of Great Brussels, of large village
for workmen which will be, as far as
the authorities permit, annexed to
Brussels city. 1t will be a garden city,
conceived after the most recent es-
thetic ideas of cities and especially
destined for worklngmen and small
shopkeepers. Special installations viii
he provided for work at home--From
Belgian Bulletin.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

Berne.-More than 100000 prisoners.
returned to their home lands up to the
middle of last month by the interven-
ton and good offices Of Switzerland,
says the Bund, the mouthpiece of the
Swiss government, in plea for a more
generous and reciprocal treatment by
the belligerents.
After the war had begun Switzer-
land organized an international bureau
of Information for prisoners of war,
with It's seat at Geneva. This bureau
forwarded information to the relatives
of prisoners of war and shipped food
and delicacies to the prisoners them
selves
As early MS October, 1914, SwitZer-
land suggested to the belligerentS the
exchange of prisoners severely wound
ed The pope became interested in
this matter and supported the efforts
of Switzerland. In February, 1915, an
agreement was reached regarding the
conditions of exchange Switzerland
army AT the disposal Of the belliger-
ents for the transportation of the
wounded.
The agreement was first entered into
by France and Germany. Later Aus
tria and Italy accepted the same terms.
Early in 1916 the Swiss federal coun-
ell, aided by the pope, succeeded in
bringing about an agreement permit
ting the internment of severely wound
ed and sick prisoners Of war, civil as
wel ms military. within Switzerland.
The Swiss undertook to manage this
vast work of charity.
Agreement Is Reached.
Later the Swiss federal council, aid
4 ed BY the international Red Cross nj
/ Geneva, succeeded in inducing the bel
lgerents to again respect the interna-
tlonal agreement regarding hospital
and sanitary field workers.
International law demands the I'm
mediate discharge of members of SAM
tary detachments when taken prisoner
This law was disregarded by belliger'
ents, but Switzerland's entreaties and
admonitions put n stop to the practice
and led to the liberation of these prls
oners.
Finally the agreement to exchange
the permanently disabled was reached
IN March of last year. Efforts of the
Swiss federal council led 70 the ac
centance Of this agreement by France
Germany and Belgium. 1t meant tii'
repatriation Of all prisoners OF wa
permanently disabled TO an extern
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
The Slacker,s Load.

"De bigges' load some folks has got
ter carry" observed Brother Williams,
ais grip full of excuses fer gettin'
out o. dom de right thing at de right
time. Fer instance eff it's wood cut
tin day, dey amt got no grindstone
ter sharpen and amt got no ak; an
eff dey got AK, dey amt no grind
stone ter sharpen it; an eff de grind
stones dar, de well gone dry an dey's
no water to wet 1t p'-Atlanta Constl-
tuition.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
AIrmen Need Good Lungs.

Good lungs are the most important
requirement Tor an uirman. declared
Maj Martin Flack Of the British mir
ministry. Keen sight good herring
and good hands ARE III important to
nm mir pilot but the most important
thing If all II lungs. Tie successful
pilot II generally i deep breather. WHO
ean take I'll more oxygen thnn the of
binary mnn aud II ahle Ii hold his
krenlh longer. IL " thus able Id With.
sand the strain VI m atmosphere
where oxygen IL getting rare.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
Shocking.

"The board Of censors threatens to
close up the place
"Nhat's wrongY
"Just AZ the hero was kissing his
sweetheart. the film stopped and held
them III Tint position for over ten
minutes. n Film Fun
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
RAISES ALFALFA IN LAVA
Farmer Has a Big Crop In an Ash
Flow From Mount Laasen in
California.

Redding Cal hi tho memorable ash
fiow from Mount l.assen Oh May 20,
1915. the farm Of Charles Hawkins.
which II the furthcst ~ Int creek,
was buried III nshy mud varying Iii
depth from II 10 Is md 10 inches.
Thirty acres ~ alfafa were buried out
Of sight. Half Of this meadow. where
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
Is LIEUTENANT AT NINETEEN
indiana Youth Believed to Be Young.
est Commissioned officer
in Army.

Attica, Ind.--Rupert Julian, son of
AIR and Mrs. Isaac Julian Of Williams
port, Ind, Is believed here to be one
Of the youngest If not the youngest
commissioned officer In the United
States army lie II not yet nineteen
aud Il lieutenant III the aviation
corps.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

the mud was II inches deep. was not
destroyed.
Iii time next season the buried a.
falfu found IT'S way 70 the surface anu
sent ont new roots. Hawkins cut
good crop 81 alfalfa there the seconu
year He plowed the other u acres
whore his meadow was buried over
foot deep, and reseeded IL Hawkins
SAYS that the best alfalfa crop ~
The Wiley viii be harvested this sum
mer from Thar portion ~ his meadow
that WINS buried deepest In volcanic
ashps.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
CAPTAIN TELLS HOW HE
HALTED ITALIAN FLIGHT

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ne" i"'N' '''" VI ~, , .t. nu.ord
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hnoton9
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The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
Saved By His VII.

Little Johnny was hungry aud the
potatoes wcre very hot lie discovered
fhe fact after he had taken . blR
mouthfu, ana quickly spat II out
Looking up quickly 70 see how his
performance would be taken, he found
his fathers hand uplifted md about q
descend, Before the taow feli, however,
the little fellow got III Ills word
"A fool would have swallowed II and
got burnt. aud iii the gale of hugh.
ter that followed, punishment vas for.
gotten.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

There are many senator's and
representatives who no doubt would
like to revise the records which
they made when the United States
first entered the war. II Is a we'll
known fact that a considerable proper
ton OF the membership of congress
was opposed 10 the war and would not
have voted for II had It not been for
the urgency OF the president, Even
when they voted for war great many
Of them expressed the feryent hope
that American troops would never be
semi to Europe and that they would
not suffer death and wounds on the
battlefields The idea which seemed
TO prevail among so many congressman
was that we were entering the war on
the moral side and did not intend to
do any real fighting. But this is not
that kind Of war. Nothing hut the
hardest kind NJ fighting can win.
Now that American troops have been
engaged for some time on the western
front and have given q good account
Of themselves, II Is probable that a diff
ferent idea pcrvades congress and that
those men who were pacifsts, anti
draft men, and antiwar men wish that
they had taken a different course. The
defeat Of quite n number of them has
been n serious lesson. and there are
others who fear that they may be treat
ed 10 the same kind Of medicine II
campaigns are made against them on
their war record in congress.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12
WATER POWER BILL
HAS SOME CHANCE
DRASTIC MEASURE INTRODUCED
BY Mr.. SIMS is LABELED
"FoR NATIONAL DEFENSE"
SENATORS LIKELY TO YIELD
Government Can Easily Procure All
the Money Necessary to Carry on
the War; Says Prominent Official
Senator Weeks Congratulated.
BY ARTHUR w, DUNN.

Washington.-1he water power bill
which has been before congress for
so many years is still dragging its slow
length along and there is yet great
doubt whether the senate and house
can get together after the house passes
the pending bill The water power bin
has never been pressed as a war meas
ure, but there are indications that It
will be placed in that category and
urged by the president, which will
mean action of some kind. Congress
Will not refuse to pass what is consld-
cred a necessary war measure. Con-
gresham Sims Of Tennessee, who has
charge Of the water power legislation,
has introduced ii very drastic bill and
has put the usual title upon IT which
provides for national defense and
greater security during 'he war; II
gives the president authority to take
over all kinds Of water power plants
and to utilize such water power as
may be deemed necessary for war pur-
poses. Under this bill all the water
power in the country can be taken over
by the government and all Of the sites
in the western country over which
there has been so much dispute, be-
cause the states claimed the water
rights, could be taken by the govern
ment and utilized. IN which case all
OF the Ideas Of the most ultra-conser-
vationists would be carried out. II
will be quite a serious thing for many
men I'm the senate to surrender the
rights Of the states in water power,
but they would have to do It If the
bill comes up in the form of war
measure.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

No one can look Mt the casualty lists
Of American soldiers fighting in France
without seeing that this is truly n war
Of all the people. Practically every
nationality Is Indicated by the names
Of these killed and wounded men.
italian, Jewish. Russian. Polish, Span
ish. scandinavian. and every other
race and people on earth are repre-
scented either by their natlve-born sons
who emigrated to the United States or
hv American-born children Of such emf
grants. Many Of the names of men
who gave mp their lives to help crush
Prussianism stand ms silent proof OF
their own German ancestry.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

one way TO help The govern
Inent is for everybody 70 coop.
crate In making the new drift law
successful and 10 do II as quickly as
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

There ought to be an object lesson
for the socialist German sympathIzers
of America in the method which Ger
many has adopted Of making petty
German Kingdoms Of Russian provinces
that have long been seeking to es-
tablish republican form Of govern
ment OF course the object is to Ger
mamie these provinces and bring them
under the control Of the German en-
pire and make use Of them 10 carry on
the war against republican insttu-
tions and democracy the world over.
There can be no doubt about the In
tention Of Germany and 1t is surprs-
ing that she should have any support
by people who are proclaiming their
love Of freedom ana liberty.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

Everybody who writes letters to sol
diers abroad is urged TO be little con
sidcratp ana not to unload tales Of
grief and trouble at home upon the
boys who are having about all they can
do to bear MP Some people are natu'
raj born complainers, and have to pour
out their ideas on paper and send them
where they do the most harm.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

What becomes Of the spies? That Is
n question that is sometimes asked and
is never answered. We are quite well
aware that a great many spies have
been arrested, but further than the an.
nouncement of such arrest little or
nothing Is heard Of them. II IS al
together likely that such spies are
well taken care of. In fact, 1t Is
doubtful whether 1t Is necessary to
take the same spy twice If his guilt Is
proved If there Is one class more
than another that deserves the sever
est punishment, II Is that element in
America which furnishes mid to the en-
envy Of the United States In time like
this. and such punishment IS partlcu-
arly due 10 those spies who are aid
Ing the German sen monsters along our
coast 10 sink American vessels and
drown American citizens who are not
In the fghting forces OF America.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

The least Of our troubles is the rails.
Ing Of revenue TO carry on the war"
was the comment of a prominent oiIi-
.9iat, when the talk turned upon the
worry the ways and means and senate
finance committees were lnduging In
over the revenue bill. There VIII
never be any question about money"
be continued. because every govern
rnent IS able to get money to carry on
g war no matter how poor It Is. This
big, rich country can easily get the
money. r II doesn't get II one way
itli get It IN another OF course. the
easlest way for the people Is 10 give
their money for Liberty bonds. In
which event they are sure 10 get It
back, and while the government has
IT they VIII get Il good interest, That
is much better than paying out money
and getting tax receipts But In one
way or another the money will come
In, even II these has to be a forced
loan, or the issuing Of fat paper. AS
long as the war lasts there viii always
be money enough 20 pay for It,"
Almost without regard to party af-
fliations, senators congratulated John
w. Weeks when they heard thnt he
had d clear field for reelection in
Massachusetts. Weeks has been II
very effective senator. He has been
good example Of the business man
in the senutr, takng particular inter.
est In an legislation and especially ia
war measures He IS a member Of the
committee on military affairs which
has handled SO many important bills
since the war began.
The government Is still troubled with
the publication Of insid0us articles
which often turn ont 70 be German
propaganda There seems 20 be ne
way In which the government chr
reach such publications except e
take note of them and then write 4
the editor ~ the paper pointing on
the harm they do Government OH
cials are now fully aware Of the man
ner In which the country has been IN
Tested with German agents Much o
the propaganda develops IN opposition
10 the governments plan for carryln'
on war work No doubt great man.
people are Inconvenience 10y govern
ment interference with their usua
vocations, but Il should be remembered
that as general rule everything TIA
-
war has been the result of careful
consideration before action was taken
Instead Of making complaints II If bet
ter 10 lay The blame upon the inferno
German machine which has brough
about All our troubles.
one way TO help The govern
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-09-12

In spite OF the fact that Senator
yardamnn had opposed many things
in the way Of legislation which re-
ceiyed the support Of the majority he
had many friends In the senate who
are genuinely disappointed over his
defeat. But he will be succeeded by a
very popular man. Pat Harrison dur.
ing his service In the house OF repre-.
sentatlyes. bns won the esteem and
friendship Of nearly every man he has
known. It is no doubt this personal
popularity 81 Harrison gave him the
big vote In Mississippi.
The "slickcr" problem which stirred
mp SO much comment IN congress q few
months ago seems 70 be on its way
10 settlement by the military hends
"Sllckcr" was the term applied 70 the
thousands Of reserve officers and men
who were on duty in Washington and
who. congress thought. should be near
or the actual fighting Several war
department bureaus have issued or
dcrs thnt all physically NJ officers md
enlisted men now IN Washington shall
be assigned 20 active service and be
replaced by women or men physically
disqualified for service In the field.
Little OF no criticism wns made Of the
mnny naval reserves who We're station
cd M headquarters, but the naval au-
thoritIea are making rendy T. apply the
same system us TINT established by the
war department.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-03-22
HOOVER REPRESENTATIVE
CALLS ON COL. WHITE

Colonel r. Lee CUuen. representing
National Food Administrators Herbert
c. Hoover. was in Richmond yester-
day, going over the local situation in
search of successor to Colonel +.
y. White food administrators for Viz
glnia who will resign in the very
near future.
When seen yesterday, Colonel cullen
had no formal announce hteut TO make
in regard 30 the matter. bur ne urged
the necessity of cooperating w1th
the government In saving hOur and
wheat for the allies. He 50 d not
only will IT be necessary to furnish
the allies with food. but America will
also need TO furnish them with agri-
cultural machinery. Colonel Cullen
stressed the point that unless the
American people cooperate TO the
fullest extent with the allies in help
ing To win the war, the inevitable re
suit VIII be failure
Colonel White also spoke on the
subject Of food saving, and announced
v, head OF the milling division OF
r. head OF the Mining ui,Ision OF the
the food administration, will be in
Richmond for the week end aud will
go over the local milling situation.
Colonel White sa id that the situs ton
in mills with reference TO the prices
Of miilfeed has not been satisfa ctory
10 the administration In every state,
particularly in Virginia. The admin
istration has, therefore now under
Amusement change Of rules and reg
ulatious controlling prices of mill
feeds Mr. bingham will be the guest
Of Colonel White while Ia Richmond
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-03-22
PUTS LABOR QUESTION
UP TO CITY COUNCIL.
Adm illustrative Board Finds Itself Un-
able TO Keep Employees Frona
FindihE BETTER Jobs.

petition for relief VIII be Gent tbs
city council by the administrative
board. The question OF retaining men
ia the city departments is becoming
serious one Employees are leaving
the service Of the city every day 10
accept positions elsewhere, paving
something more ike living wages than
the city rs offering.
4 score nf men have recently re-
tired from the street cleaning deparf-
meut. and others are contemplating
following the lead Many have left
the gas department. aud the water de-
partnent Is waycrtrg on the brink.
The fire department Is having much
trouble in getting men to remain in
the rsice. and number OF ponce
men are understood to he ready at
moments notice 10 retire TO accept
more lucrative places.
We are confronted with q most Sc
rious condition. said Commissioner
Hirschberg yesterday. We cannot get
men. and our best men are leaving
us, This condition - due largely 70
the fact that the city is paying its
emp!oves less than any corporation IN
tbe ctty or elsewhere is doing. ana
We cannot blame the men for doing
what is best for themselves and their
families"
What council may 20 is problem
There seems 10 be but one thing pos
sinfs IL is said around city Hall and
that was found untenaola when
was br9ached by the finance Commit
tee-au increase or taxation all a{opE
tine line