davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1918-01-26

the spokesman of the whole nation on
solemn occasions. Roderic O'Conor
was the last High King, for the con-
quests of the Normans under Fitz-
stephen, De Glare, De Courcy and
others, upset the old Celtic arrange
ments. 1t brought in also the terrible
Norman system of primogeniture and
entail, which gave to the eldest-born
son sole right to the family estate, and
let all the others, brothers and sisters,
go and live on their wits-a system
which filled the country with thieves,
loafers and genteel mendicants in a
very short time. The prior Irish sys-
TEN gave to each child share and share
alike, and was therefore known as the
law of gavelkind-give all alike or
"kind."
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1918-01-26

derful development Of the arts and
crafts, fine hospitals, high standards
in university education as the dark
ages" We knew no better. We were
ignorant of the real history of those
older times. Now we know that these
instead of having been the dark ages
they were the bright ages. A little
knowledge of history has rubbed out
all the historical calumnies with re-
gard to the Church and her supposed
effort to keep people ignorant and
backward in order to keep them sub
missive to her rule. That is what his
tory has done for us in the modern
times. Is it any wonder that we feel
we must say to Catholics: "Study
history! Know history! It will en-
able you to understand the present
and to comprehend the past"
All the historical calumnies against
the Church have fallen to the ground
with the increase of knowledge. How
few Catholics there are, however, who
know this. How many fewer still are
able to present it to others in such q
way as to make them understand how
utterly deceived we have been with
the idea that humanity is constantly
making progress and that we are so
far ahead Of the past. The war has
revealed the falsity of this as flash
of lightning reveals the details of
landscape shrouded in darkness a mo-
ment before. Modernism founded on
the idea that the world was so much
better now and had progressed so
much farther that we ought to have
new philosophy of life and new re-
ligion for this enlightened generation
of ours, has had all the foundations
knocked out from under it. History
has become again the philosophy of
the story Of humanity, one of the
most important branches of knowl-
edge that we have, and capable of
more enlightenment of mind than any
other of our studies
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1918-01-26
Catholic Chronicles

also enrolled among the hierarchy in
the United States. The list follows:
Most Rev. Francis Patrick Kenrick,
D. D., Archbishop of Baltimore and
Apostolic Delegate, and the Most Rev.
Peter Richard Kenrick, D. D. Arch
bishop of st. Louis.
The Right Rev. jeremiah Francis
Shanahan, D. D., first Bishrop of Har-
risburg, and the Right Rev. John Wal
ter Shanahan, D. D., third Bishop of
the same See.
The Right Rev. Thomas Patrick
Roger Foley, D. D., Bishop Admins
traitor of Chicago, and the Right Rev.
John Samuel Foley, D. D., Bishop of
Detroit.
The Most Rev. Francis Norbert
Blanchet, D. D., Archbishop Of Oregon,
and the Right Rev. Augustine Magloire
Alexander Blanchet, D. D., Bishop of
Nesqually.
The Right Rev. Michael o'Connor,
D. D., first Bishop of Pittsburgh, and
the Right Rev. James O'Connor, D. D.,
Bishop of Omaha.
Bishop Foley was the last to sur
vive.
To the above list may be added His
Eminence Sebastian Cardinal Marti-
nelli, o. S. A., Archbishop Of Ephesus
and Apostolic Delegate to the United
States, and his brother, now deceased,
Thomas Cardinal Martinelli, o. S. A.,
who was never in this country, having
spent his life in Rome.
Bishops Who Were Relatives.
Other members of the hierarchy who
were relatives were:
The Most Rev. Martin John Spald-
ing, ID. D., Archbishop of Baltimore,
and his nephew, the Most Rev. John
Lancaster Spalding, D. D., Archbishop
of Peoria.
The Right Rev. Edward Dominic
Fenwick, o. P, D. D., Bishop of Gin
cinnati, and his first cousin, the Right
Rev. Jose Benedict Joseph Fenwick,
S. j., D. D., Bishop Of Boston.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1918-01-26
Sir Nicholas o'connor Of Ancient Irish
ROYAL Descent,

The daily press chronicles the death
of another descendant of ancient Irish
kings-Sir Nicholas O'Connor. He
was British Ambassador at CONSTANT
nople. He died recently. He was
descendant Of the last native king of
Ireland, Roderic O'Conor, who con-
cluded the famous Windsor treaty
with Henry II. in 1175. Sir Nicholas
shared his distinction with The O'Con-
or Don, both tracing their descent
from Sir Hugh O'Conor, of Balm
tubber, who is regarded as the I'M
doubted representative of the old Irish
monarchs. Sir Nicholas was educated
at Stonyhurst, and had a most distin-
guished career in the diplomatic SER
vice. The Irish monarchy was a
quintarchy. There were five kings
in it-four suffragan ones and the
Ard-Righ, or High King, who was gen.
orally elected by the others, and was
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1918-01-26
Degrees Recently Granted at Ameri-
can College at Rome.

Doctorate in Theology: Rev. j.
Benner, D. D., Philadelphia; Rev. Ed.
Kelly, D. D., Baker City; Rev. A..
Carmody, D. D., Portland; Rev. A.
Cartwright, D. D., Baltimore; Rev. w.
Czarniski, D. D., Toledo; Rev. G.. Kea-
ly, D. D., and Rev. P. Mahony, D. D.,
Chicago; Rev. P. Kinsella, D. D.,
Brooklyn; Rev. Thos. Noa, D. D.,
Grand Rapids; Rev. James Halloran,
D. D., Chicago.
Licentiate in Theology: Rev. J. Ri
ordan, S. T. L., Grand Rapids; Rev.
J. Cation, S. T. L. Alton ILL.,; Rev. T.
Halt, S. T. L., and Rev. William
O'Brien, S. T. L., and Rev. J. Walsh,
S. T. L., Chicago; Rev. j. Davidson,
s. T. L., Cleveland; Rev. J. Curtin, S.
T. L., and Rev. A. Dignan, S. T. L.,
and Rev. T. Greylish, S. T. L., Hart
ford; Rev. VIM. Kelly, S. T. L., Balti-
more; Rev. Frank galloway, S. T. L.,
and Rev. F. Phelan, S. T. L., and Rev.
T. Markham, S. T. L., Boston; Rev.
Donohue, S. T. L., New York.
Baccalaureate in Theology: Messrs.
Thos. Walsh, B. G. L., and Chas.
Hynes, B. D., and D. Lynch, B. D.,
and E. Nolan, B. D., and J. Mahony,
B. D., and j. Smith, B. D., and Alloys
Jus Ferret, B. D., and Ed. Waldron,
B. D., all of Brooklyn; M. Keyes, B..
D., Mobile; Paul Dillon, B. D., Chi
cago; Thos. Mclaughlin, B. D., New
York.
Mr.. James Carter and Mr.. M. Raj
ferty, of Buffalo, and of Mobile, re-
spectively, were awarded the degree
of Bachelor of Philosophy.
Bishop Foley Was Last Of Brothers
In U. S. Sees.
The death of the Right Rev. Bishop
Foley, last Saturday, brings to mind
other Bishops whose brothers were
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1918-01-26

The Right Rev. Dominic Manucy,
D. D., Bishop of Mobile, and his first
cousin, the Right Rev. Anthony Dom
inic Ambrose Pellicier, D. D., Bishop
of San Antonio.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
y. NJ. c. A. Men Respond to Call.

Although the demand for men TO
serve overseas under the Red Triangle
has in no measure been met ana
while many more especially those en-
dowed with the gift Of leadership, are
needed, DR.. W. w. Alexander, direc-
tor of the Southeastern Department
War Personnel Board, reports that so
men from the seven States within
that department. have enlisted in the
army and navy Y. NJ. c. a. from July
22nd to 9th inclusive.
Of this number, 81 have been ap-
proved for service overseas and 9TH
ers recommended for home training
camp war work Those who go
across will be trained at Columbia
University. New York City, and the
others take in the three-week intcn-
sive training school at Blue Ridge,
n. c.. They are from all walks OF
life, ranging from university heads TO
auto mechanics.
This is a comparative list Of enlist
ments in the Y. NJ c. A. ranks from
States in the Southeast during the
one-week period ending July 2lth:
Tennessee, %; Georgia and Alabama
each 19; North Carolina, 13; Florid"
6. South Carolina, 3: Mississippi. 2:
miscellaneous, :.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
WASHINGTON MILL LOCATED.
Landmark Of Washington Family in
England Of Interest to Americans.

Northampton, England, July 23
Correspondence Of The Associated
Press)-American participation in the
war has greatly stimulated interest in
the historic landmarks near North
ampton, which are associated with
the English Washingtons, the ances-
tors Of George Washington, On both
Memorial Day and the Fourth OF July
Anglo American pilgrims to these
places were informed that new
Washington landmark haG been dis
covered within the previous few
weeks-the site of u windmill which
the Washington family operated as a
business venture for several years
during, the sixteenth century.
1T is we'll known" said Earl Spen-
Ger, chairman Of the Anglo-American
Peace Centenary Committee. that
the Washingtons We're millers at one
time, but the site of the mill had COM
pletcly disappeared and no one knew
where It was located Recently, how
ever. the site has been discovered
q small depression on the road lead
ing from Brington to F'lore. where
excavations are expected 10 reveal the
foundations Of the old Washington
windmill The site has been marked
and will be cared fer henceforth.
The celebration Of the Fourth Of
July in the Washington district was
centered 1T Althorp House. where the
great-great grandfather! OF George
Washington was a frequent visitor
Althorp House is the official residence
Of Earl Spencer. who owns more than
forty square miles OF the surround
ing country. including many OF the
important Washington landmarks. His
house is a museum of Washington
relics, including a huge Washington
money chest OF oak and iron. and the
Washington sun-d;al bearing the
coat-cf-arms from which the stars
anG Stripes were derived.
The independence Day celebration
AZ .,ithorp House included the pro
Cuc-:on OF a moving picture film OF
scenes from the Washington land
marks. with addresses by American
and English speakers Earl Spencer
spoke Of the presentation OF the Old
Washington home. Sulgrave Manor.
10 the nation rs an international me
mortal.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
CHAOS IN THE UKRAINE.
Staying Of Won Eicho1n No Surprise
May Be More Seriono.

Stockholm, Aug. 2.-Conditions in
the Ukraine before the assas assination
OF Field Marshal Won Eichorn, were
such as might have been expected to,
lead up to some such outbreak Of vio-
lence, judging from the description
given Of them by Zeta Hoegelund,
leader OF the Swedish Socialist left in
an interview in the Politiken of Cop
enhagen.
Hoegelund who gave the interview
before the Eichhorn assassination,
had just returned from long VISIT
to Russia, and his account is largely
a report CT conversations which he
had with Russians from the Ukraine.
They declared, he says, that the
Germans there were living in a little s
Eades," that guerrilla warfare ws:s
constantly IL progress, conflict Occur
ring daily in which many persons
were. Killed while occasional battle (
took place. lasting several days.
The peasants in one section of the
Ukraine have an army estimated to
nunl,er 25,n00. Hoegeiund repo"ts. :
These men he describes as filled with
an suspicious moment TO begin Rostll-r
tiles. The peasants at other places
pursue the policy Of burning their
grain and destroying their cattle, and
acting similarly with regard to 9TH
ers. rather than have them faE lntoT
the hands OF the Germans.
The Austrian troops in the country
are declared 70 be at dagSers point
with the Germans and have sup
piled the peasants with arms, lnclud-
ing artillery.
Hoegelund's informant cons 5
the disturbance that had occurred to
be only a foretaSte OF what might oe
expected at harvest time. when the
peasants. it Was predicted. would 90
everything possible TO prevent the
Germans ,ronl taking their crops.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
IN MEMORISM
Lie:,t. Robert O. Purdy, Jr.

The Bar of Sumter met this morn
ing in the Clerks Office in memory OF
Lieut.. Robert O. Purdy, Jr.
Mr.. Mark Reynolds was called up
on to preside and addressed the meet
ing as follows:
Brethren of the Bar:
I have to announce to you, that
which, alas you already know, the
painful intelligence Of the death 0.
Lieut.. Robert O. Purdy, Jr., on the
21st of July last on the battlefield OF
France; a soldier of the nation, f;n
honored and loved menlber of our as
sociation, a shining example OF NOR
al worth and exalted patriotism II
this community. I knew him from
early boyhood and never met IN the
walks of life a more lovable young
man. Graduated only recently from
the University of South Carolina, he
entered upon the practice OF his pro-
fession under most favorable auspices
being admitted rs a partner IN MS
fathers firm. His future was bl1Sni
and alluring, in this his home town.
where he had troops Of friends.
When the call came he relinquish-
ed his prospects here, ana gave ms
all. his time, his health, and lie ltsei,
in a willing sacrifice for cause lha'
has moved the nations soul. lie was
among the first to cross the seas anu
fight. that the men and women OF th1-
generation an(. those that are TO tol-
low might live their lives III peace
and security on this earth. he lorSht
with the army Of freedom against SOL
dicrs whose equipment and tralnlns
are unexcelled in the history OF the
world. While we mourn the loss OF
this splendid young life. we can con-
sole ourselves that he fell as sol
der lin the midst OF battle. IN the
roar Of conflict the first from SUM
ter county on a battlefield the most
renowned in history, and he Sleeps
beneath it's soil in the land he mas CIV
en- his life to make free.
L have spoken spontaneously out
! could not refrain on this sad coca
sion from expressing the sentiments
which fiji my heart. TIE ch;tlf i
ready to receive any motion tnat YOU
feel should be made.
After many remarks on the pa!'
Of its members expressing the sof
row o1 the Bar. the following tfIpu'S
in tle form Of resolutions were SUP
mitted and unanimously adopted:
BE 1t Resolved. by the Ear o'
Sumter county. in recognition OF la'
j supreme sacrifice OF its member. A!t"t
! Robert O. Purdy. .Jr.. made IN peha I
/ Of his country and of the liberty .
/ the world. While he was Yet n bul t.'
! hcydly of life and upon 1h2 thresnoi'
OF success in the high profession o
! law:
That the Bar has received the new
Of his death With profound Sorro"
! and regret. and desires 10 record ll'
high esteem in which Lieut.. fur"'
was held by his brethren OF the f'ai,
and the deep sensibility OF less INA
the I;ar and the community nave S">
tained in his death.
That while we feel deenly h'S re-
n,oval from our midst. we are con
&oca by the fact that ne fen N e'''
midst OF battle hearing himse'i y
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
Red Cross Notes.

The following appeal was written
by Mrs. c. ~ Lawson. vice chairman
of the Co!ored Auxiliary and should
make i: each member OF the auxiliary
resolve to do what she asks:
we were very Sorry the weather
was so inclement that we could not
carr out our program for the bene-
fit OF the Colored Auxiliary. Our
MAYOR WAS on hand. which was ap-
prec:a,ed very much. We have $500
10 report.
We are asking every patritic wo-
man 10 put as much enthusiasm in
;hiS work ;tS she can. for if there was
eyer 4 time we needed 10 work it is
now We should like ct least fifty
ladies to make one garment a week
:or the Red cross. With a little sac
ritice much can be done. | know we
have to DO our OWN work. but we
surely can spare a little time once 4
week Prof. LAWSON has kindly loan
cd Us the sewing room Of the Linz
coin building where we can sew every
afternoon We are asking every COM
in,mi;y president TO keep her men,
i;e.s supplied With work.
Mrs. c. a. Lawson.
Vice Chairman Auxiliary.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
Women Chemists Needed by The Gov
crnIncnt.

Women chemists are needed by the
government and also to stabilize the
Industries by replacing men chemists
who have beer called into service, ac-
cording. to Capt. Frederick 4. Brel-
thut. of the cheMicul-Service section
of the National Army. This call is
so urgent that he has asked the Wo-
mans Committee OF the Council O!
National Defense to cooperate with
the Army Medical Department in
making a census Of all Of the avail
able women chemists in the country
This means that women will soon pc
doing their share in the experimental
work related to the manutact".'e O!
that new phase of modern warfare
the gas bomb.
1--WE want real chemists. says
Capt. Breithut. mot soda dispensers
or drug clerks" Two types OF women
are eligible. chemical workers with
some experience who, though not
graduates of technical schools. have
acted as laboratory assistants; also
graduate chemists with four years or
more of training in technical schools
or colleges.
"Today's chemical man-power bal
ance sheet shows a need for l.oo'
men chemists he says: and there
fore we want to list an equal num-
Der Of trained women. IN many IN
stances it has been necessary to tur-
lough u man from our service BACK
:nto civilian life. because the position
ne held was nccessaly either to the
public service or 70 an innortant m
d;istrv. We want capable patriotic
women to recommend for these va
cancics so that by taking the men we
need not cripple manufacturer :
hnSiness and need not cripple our
own organization by giving then! these
furlouGhs.
Ca2.. Breitilut makes this appea!
to the entire country. and asks tfl;is
the national organization of college
women and the club fe'ieaatlons CO.
operate with him in registering Wo-
men for this emergency. n1ofll'-
:ion and applications can be male"
to him at the Surgeon Genera! :
Building. Seventh and & Streets Ny
WASHINGTON -. G.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07

Mr.. J. H. DesChamps was in tE.
city today.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
SUMTER'S FIRST SACRIFICE.
Lieut.. Robert o. Purdy. Jr., Killed in
Action July 21st aud Lieut.. Erwin
d. Shaw Missing Since July 9th.

For days, ever since the great bat
tie on the Marne began, Sumter has
been tense with dread and anxiety,
fearing that the next report of cas-
ualties would contain the names OF
some of the Sumter boys VINO are
fighting with Pershing's men to drive
the Huns out of France and turn
back the wave Of barbarism that for
four years has been dashinS against
the ramparts OF civilization. Late
Friday afternoon the dreaded news
came in a message to Judge 4. ..
Purdy, from the War Department
saving that Lieut. Robert O. Purdy.
Jr., had been killed in action on July
21st The message gave no particu-
lars, merely the fact that one Of our
boys had died at the post OF duty
where the Americans and the French
were driving the Huns back from the
Marne The news spread rapidly
over the town and every home be-
came house Of mourning and Judge
Purdy's personal sorrow was shared
by one and all.
Within an hour another message
came that added to the sorrow that
was already weighing down the hearts
of all Sumter people. Mr.. D. c.
Shaw received an official message
stating that Lieut.. Erwin D. Shaw, OF
the aviation corps, had been missing
since July 9Th. He was in active ser
vice on the battle front, being at
tached to the British Royal FLYING
Corps It is not known whether he
was killed in an air fight Or was Shot
down behind the German lines and
captured and it may be weeks before
his fate is definitely ascertained.
Lieut. Purdy, was twenty-seven
years old, the eldest son of Judge r.
O. Purdy and was born and reared
in this city, attended the city schoois
and afterwards the University OF
South Carolina, completing his law
course there with the class Of 1914. |
From his graduation until last spring
he was associated with his father in
the practice of law in this city, at
which time he entered the first Off
GERS training camp at Fort Ogle-
thorpe He was commissioned sec
ond lieutenant of infantry and vol !
unteered for immediate service IN
France, and after a short stay at home
sailed for France early in September.
He went into active service with the
first American forces sent to the bat
tie front and spent the winter in the
trenches. In the spring he was gaSsed
and was in hospital for weeks and
later was assigned to duty in the
rear, a few weeks ago was re-as-
signed to active service with his ole
command, at his own request. One
Of the last letters received from him
brought the news that he would re-
turn to the firing line the next day.
Robert Purdy volunteered for service
not because he loved a fight or be- /!
cause he was of an adventurous dis
position eager for the excitement to
be found in the army on the field OF
battle, but because he felt that he was
called to perform duty by his coun-
try. He gave himself cheerfully with
the full realization that he might
probably would, have to make the su-
preme sacrifice. He died at the from.
near the flashing of the guns with
other young Americans animated by
a like spirit Of patriotism.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07

Amsterdam. July 2:s.-Thc Geneva
Sentine!ie reports that former King
Constantine OF Greece. his court a;
L:nch his servants ana ms mo'ilei
and her suite are living entirely Tree
from the restraint of ration cards.
The king's servants consume more in
one day. according 10 the paper. than
is, at the disposal OF twenty citizens
during Il mont}i. Fresh white bread
: ;iirgays ;.bundan; at the rcH2! Tiila
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07
A Plea for "Camp Alice"

The buildings at Camp Alice are
practically complete. and as soon as
the necessary furnishings have been
installed will be ready for occupants
Many things are needed to fill in the
long list OF equipment already pur.
chased and 70 those who are in
terested in this splendid institution.
the following list is submitted, with
the hope that some of them will feel
like donating some OF the articles,
which will aid materially in the com
fort and happiness of the patients.
Nina NJ. Solomons,
Chairman Committee.
Double bed. spring and mattress for
servants room. freIess cooker. invalid
chair. books. magazines. Nlctroid.
croquet set plants suitable for pres
sent setting. flower Or vegetable seeds.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07

such {. manner as his country had q
right to expect, and as becomes a sol
der.
That we extend to the family OF
our deceased brother and friends our
deepest sympathy.
That these resolutions be present
ed and their adoption moved in open
court at its next session in Sumter
county, and that u page in the min
utes Of our association be inscribed TO
the memory Of cur deceased brother.
Mark Reynolds,
John II. Clifton,
+. D. Epps,
Hugh C. Haynsworth,
Benjamin d. Hodges.
Sumter, S. c., Aug. .. 1918.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-08-07

Washington. Aug. 2.-Beports from
Argentina declare that government
receipts for the fiscal year ending last
July were a disappointment. They
show a deficit. as the receipts We're
expected 20 total 39%.ooo." 90" pesos
ard the actual receipts were 232 .O0o.-
003 pesos.
The Argentine peso is equal to
about fift> cer;s American gold