davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-04-23
Hindenburg Rarely in Berlin.

Falkenhayn spent much Of his time In
Berlin looking after political and de-
partmental affairs. Hindenburg never
came to Berlin except under direct or
ders from the emperor, and the big
general stan building hardly knew him
II any Of tho government department
heads wanted to SEQ him-even the
chancellor-they had to go to head
quarters to find him.
But there he worked. He and Luden-
dorn always had small detached quar-
ters away from the palace where the
emperor lived. Hindenburg rarely
lunched with the emperor. III did
would have to stay and talk to his
guests" he explained, land have more
important things to do"
Daily at IL o'clock Hindenburg, Lu-
dendorn and Maj. Won Wetzel, their
joint adjutant, called at, the emperors
quarters for an hours conference. But
that was all. II the emperor wanted
anything more he had to send for them.
II he had company he wanted them to
meet he had to telephone for an ap-
pointment and send the guests around
to the Hindenburg house for the visit
The emperor Is reported to have made
two visits to the frst limo trenches.
both times without the knowledge Of
his retinue. do not believe that Hin
denhurg has ever been in the front
trenches. certainly not since the hrst
year Of the war. He would make q
wonderful target II he were to show
himself there. for he IL q giant In build.
Evening star., 1918-04-23
Diluted First Line Trenches.

So he ordered all first-line trenches
held by the smallest possible units,
concentrating the real strength in the
second line. In this way the enemy's
drumire that tore up the, nrst-iine
trenches did comparatively little exc
cution in the ranks of the German
army. These trenches were held only
by highly trained machine gun COM
panies, mostly in concrete, bombproof
duyouts. The real battle for the enemy
came whom 1t got into these first
trenches and had to hold them against
q strong reserve line, which was wait
Ing for the order to mako q counter
attack. It also gave Hindenburg far
moro mobile reserve and enabled him
to hold long stretches Of the Russian
front, for instance, with a surprisingly
small number OF men.
Falkenhayn had clung tenaciously to
the old style Of solid front lines against
which the enemy would have to mass
all its strength to make an impression.
It cost the lives Of thousands Of men
in the artillery preparation, although 1t
did make 1t more dificult for the enemy
to get q foothold in the German lines.
Cadorna used the Falkenhayn system
on the Italian front in the Alps, and
this had much to do with the difficulty
Of holding that line last fall when the
break came. For when a front line is
massed solid1y with men, demoraliza-
tion is doubly dangerous. There Is no
elasticity behind 1t, no yielding to the
blow. It is liable to collapse like q
punctured tire
Evening star., 1918-04-23
SAVE MEN F|RST,' IS
H|NDENBURG SLOGAN
Refuses to Follow Falkenhayn
Methods Of Masses in
First Line.
BY OSWALD F. SCHUETTE.
Tritten for The Evening Star and tn

BY OSWALD F. SCHUETTE.
Written for The Evening Star and the
Chicago Daily News
It is the saving of men, that marks
the great difference between the
Hindenburg and Falkenhayn schools
of strategy and tactics. Field Marshal
Won Hindenburg always preached hit
ting the enemy at its weakest point,
and then using that leverage to break
down his stronger lines. Gen. Won
Falkenhayn said: Strike the enemy
where he is strongest. then he will
know he has been hit" 1t was this
philosophy that dictated the verdun
assaults. That was undoubtedly the
strongest French fortress, and Falken-
hayn figured that It's fall would break
the back of the French people. If they
could not hold that there would be no
use of fighting ito hold anything else.
But he failed to consider the alterna-
tive of failure. Even when the first
month Of bloody assaults failed to
break the French lines. he stubbornly
continued the fighting. Hindenburg
Men meant nothing to Falkenhayn. He
wanted results.
1t was the same with smaller mat
ters. Whenever tiny sector Of Ger
man trenches was lost under the Falk-
enhayn regime. orders came from gen.
eral headquarters to recapture 1t at
any cost There must be no weakening,
feet he was after. He wanted to
demonstrate that the German lines
were impregnable.
Refused to Waste Men.
Tho hrst rule Hiadenburs. put in
when he was made chief Of stan was
that no men were to be wasted, II the
enemy took piece Of the German
front trenches, he was to be allowed
to keep them. unless strategic reasons
made it imperative to recapture them
But he declared that in each case the
fact that they had been taken from the
Germans must have no influence.
IF the lost ground is a hill>or other
strategic point which gives the enemy
an advantage over our lines" he said,
1T must be retaken in the same way
that We would have to take such a
position from the enemy II he held 1t In
the first place. But before anything
must pass upon the probable cost in
life, and It. must be convinced that the
ground is worth the price"
Hindenburg also inaQgurated new
system of defensive french works.
When he sent the new order to the
various armies 1t was all SO simple that
every one wondered why the Falken-
hayn regime had not worked 1t out.
In way 1t was the natural corollary
of the Hindenburg view that mere
holding of original trench lines meant
nothing. Hindenburg declared that.
with a large share of Belgium. France
real difference whether the enemy
moved a mile or SO nearer Berlin.
Evening star., 1918-04-23

>JAz.ROlL
|. ipf HQNORt.
Total Casualties to Date.

The casualty list today contained
sortyfour rames. divided as follows:
Killed in action. 2; died of wounds.
|: died of disease. 4; wounded severely.
,. and wounded slightly. %.
The list follows:
KILLED IN ACTION
KANE. Frank G.. private
McGAFF1GAN, Daniel L., private.
DIED OF WOUNDS.
PLooF, Winford, private.
DIED OF DISEASE. ...
BYEEE. Homer. cook.
COURTNEY. James Frederick private.
LYETH. George, private.
PAYNE, Joe, private.
WOUNDED SEVERELY.
McMEEL Bernard F., lieutenant
SCHWANz. Henry c.. sergeant.
Kt1HAK. Casmier p, corporal.
WITTCAMP. Joseph p. mechanic.
ALLEN. Charles F.. private.
ANTONIEWIEZ. Walter A, private.
PLAZZ1TO. Tony, private.
STAPLETON, Flen, private.a
WOUNDED SLIGHTLY.
HOLMES. Thomas NJ. lieutenant.
MCNEIL. Harry D. lieutenant.
CARSTENS, William, corporal.
EGAN, George E.. corporal.
PIEKARSKI, Edward J., corporal
THOMPSON. John. corporal.
ALESKANDROWICZ Joseph J., privata
BINO1N, Eugene NJ, private.
BURKE, James W.. private.
BURT Henry c., private.
ERICKSON, John. private.
ERWIN. Bernard F., private
FA1RTY. .Raynor A, private.
HENRY, Frank E., private.
La F1.AMME. William, corporal
MELVIN, Herbert, private.
MELVIN, Robert F., private.
NICHOLSON, Robert j., private.
OKLEJA, Thomas, private.
RAINEY, Harry N, private.
REED. Harry E.. private.
SAVAGE. Frank T., private.
SCHIRICK, George F., private.
TARR, Arthur l. p, private.
THOMAS, Foster. private.
WALKER, Harold b., private.
WICKMAN,> j. Edwin, private.
WOOD, Neal E., private.
Evening star., 1918-04-23
Representative Nelson's Son in Draft

MADISON. Wis, April 23.-Byron Mel
son. son Of Representative Nelson.
will go In the draft from Madison.
May s. Nelson failed to register on
June s last because he was a resi-
dent Of Canada. where he engaged in
agricultural pursuits. Tho draft board
started action. but the courts held that
Nelson. as a resident Of another coun-
try, was not compelled to register here.
Later Nelson returned to Madison and
rsgietered.
Evening star., 1918-04-23

which he has made an allotment OF SO
a month in payment, and stipulates
that the bonds are to be given to the
Fort Myer Y. N. c. A. for the further
ing Of the good work they are doing
for the boys" to be turned over to
any authorized worker of the Fort
Myer camp, with hopes and prayers
that they may help = little"
Evening star., 1918-04-23

The poo1-hall-closing law will be
rigidly enforced at Fort Worth, Tex.
Simultaneous raiding Of pool halls last
night netted the police more than 100
alleged loafers. The chief of police an
nounces they must Join the Army or 70
to work.
Evening star., 1918-04-23
spECIAI NoTICEs,

1sA1xY WITNESSING ACCIDENT on CAPITAL
E<Aet1ea ear going south, 18th and n Sta. NV,
sarsaxy g, 8 pm. notify Mrs. WARD. 1sle
Evening star., 1918-04-23

On the complaints of neighbors
whose sons are fighting in France
Emanuel E. Bullard, wealthy real
estate operator and lawyer of Jamaica,
Long Island, was held in bail for a
hearing yesterday, charged with con-
spring with others to aid his son, Law
rance, Harvard graduate, to evade
the call to the colors,
Evening star., 1918-04-23

Company q. 37th Engineers, stationed
at Fort Myer, Va
In legal form his allotment declares
that mot having any ono to make an
allotment to and appreciating the work
and recreation the Y. NJ. G. A. has done
for me and has given me-" he has taken
out 5000 in third liberty loan bonds, for
Evening star., 1918-04-23
France Dug Own Grave.v

Referring to France, Gen. Ludendorff
said:
I'VE may well say without exagger-
alton that France has dug her own
grave. She is about to bleed herself
to death. Undoubtedly the French are
brave soldiers
Lieut.. Gen. Won Ardone. the military
critic in the Tageblatt on March 20,
the day before the beginning of the
offensive. in an analysis Of the inter-
view with the military leaders, wrote:
The German army leaders look for
ward with grave concern to the final
fighting. the saving Of German blood
they have at all times considered as a
sacred duty But the German people
and their allies will have to accept the
necessity that the final battle must be
fought out"
Evening star., 1918-04-23
GERMAN WAR LORDS
SEE FORCE PEACE
I 1udendorff and Hindenburg
Declare Heavy Fighting Must
Determine the End.
"FRANCE DUG OWN GRAVE"

NEW YORK. April 23.-Peace for Ger
many, according to Gen. Ludendorff,
chief quartermaster general. rests upon the
fighting on the western front, and with
out severe battles fought to a finish Ger
many cannot obtain peace. These state
ments were made during an interview with
German newspaper correspondents at
great headquarters March IL and reported
in German newspapers Of that date, which
have been received here.
Field Marshal Won Hindenburg was in
terviewed at the same time, and the two
German leaders apparently were convinced
that for Germany force was needed to
bring about peace. The chief quartermas-
ter general said concerning the fighting
which has since broken out in northern
France:
THE final fighting in the west. Of course,
cannot be compared to the fighting in Ca
licia or in Italy. The enemy has a pow
erful reserve army at hand which he may
Sstem as he sees fit.
But, however heavy tho fighting NAV
be, the battle must be fought out, because.
without it peace is not obtainabIe.''
Intimate Descriptions.
Wlmelm aeSeler, correspondent OF the
Berliner Tageblatt, In reporting the in
terview. described Won Hindenburg "as a
picture Of Quiescent greatness" while
Ludendorn gave tho impression of having
strength Of volcanic heat. but curbed by
will" The correspondent says that when
the conversation turned to events in the
east Field Marshal Won Hindenburg in
referring to charges that in concluding
peace we acted like men Of violence"
said 1t was necessary to obtain frontier
safeguards.
"As we wanted peace. we had to
bring it by force" was the interjection
of Gen. Ludendorff.
Peace in the east meant tremendous
elief for the Germans on the west,
Ludendorff said, adding:
Now we are about to gain the as
cendancy numerically, OF course. the
because Of the bad condition Of the
railroads, cannot be effected by tomor-
row. But. at any rate. our position
already is such that we do not have
to ask, looking up anxiously: Where
will the enemy attack?' We ourselves
are in position to assume the Often
sive wherever we DESIRE"
The Washington times., 1918-12-02

small flower garlands of col
ored enamel A number OF
baskets arc shown with silk
and lace Innings, and COM
pletely fitted with all toilet
articles. or any basket in stock
will be fitted up according
to your wishes.
After the bath. to tuck the
baby snugly into bed-you will
want little white enameled
wicker bassinets. cribs or beds,
and every desirable kind Is
shown. with mattresses, COW
cred in blue, pink or fiowered
sateen.
Baby Blankets, white, with
colored borders, are shown in
cotton and wool mixtures, or
in alliwool, S1.25 to $3.50.
Embroidered Sheets. S1.OO to
Pillow Slips to match, S1.25
to $3.50.
Pillows, made. of down or
curled hair, in all shapes, Use
to S1-5O.
You will find these, and
many other baby needfuls, on
the
Fourth floor, Eleventh street.
The Washington times., 1918-12-02
Cut Glass
Pitchers

In every size and shape
imaginable-and as the
sparkle of cut glass makes
such a universal appeal,
many of these, pitchers are
sure to be bought by Santa
: Claus. That convenient
pitcher that has a curved
lip to prevent ice from
slipping out into the glass
is now shown in heavy cut
glass, and then there are
others, from the one-half
pint size at $1.95 to the
two-quart size at $500, so
no matter what may be
your pitcher need nor what
price you want to pay,
you will be able to make
selection here, on the Fifth
floor, F street.
The Washington times., 1918-12-02

There are Rubber Bath Tubs.
that fold conveniently away
when not needed, SI3.50.
Bath Aprons, IN rubber.
SI-2SI Turkish Toweling, S1.OOJ
Arnold knit, R2.0O.
Enameled Dressing Tables,
with space for all the little
clothes, $50 to $500.
Wash Cloths, 1Oe and 1Bc.
Bath Towels. in Turkish and
Arnold knit, I5e to Soc.
Towel Rack, OF white en-
Rr1el. 1919.
CASTLE Soap, the best kind
for babies, I5e.
JohnsoL's Baby Powder, 1Se.
Absorbent Cotton, Sc.
Safety Pins, all sizes.
Scales, with enameled wicker
o. baskets, $3.50 to 5000.
Quilted Pads, soc to SI.S5-
Baby Baskets, In all sizes
and shapes, OF white anam-
eled wicker, 600 to E5-50. An
unusually attractive basket is
shown in large round shape,
with very high handle. On
basket and handle there are
The Washington times., 1918-12-02
Some Inexpensive Gifts for Babies

Ribbon Box and Bodkin.
made OF hand-painted ivory or
celluloid. 500.
Shirred Ribbon Carriage
Straps, 500.
Shirred Ribbon Carriage
Robe Clips. S1.0O.
Ivory Clothes Hangers. with
big painted ribbon bow. S1.OO.
Shirred Ribbon Covered Hang
ers, with a tiny Rewpie tied
into the bow, SIyOo.
Ivory or CeIluloid Toilet
Sets. with hand-palnted de-
signs, S2.75 mp.
Box OF twelve cards. un-
usually attractive ones TO an
nounce baby's arrival, 00e.
The Washington times., 1918-12-02
Japanese.Solid
Color China

If you are still looking
for something for that
friend who appreciates
things out of the ordinary,
or want some fine china
yourself, here it is. The
beautiful solid color effects
formerly obtained only in
heavier porcelain have now
been achieved in china
the result, lovely yellow,
green, and pink cups and
saucerS, sugars and cream
ers, plates, and other
pieces, with their reverse ,
sides in the original all
white china, and decora-
tions of mat gold. You
can buy one or more
pieces, or group them to-
gether in sets, at a price
no higher, or not as high
as you pay for the heavier
porcelain.
Fifth floor, F street.
The Washington times., 1918-12-02

Ribbon Rosettes, for caps,
soc.
Ribbon Bows, for trimming
carriage robes, baskets, etc,
500.
Bibs of embroidered pique,
7Se.
Bibs, of hand embroidered
null, 800 to $500.
Teething Rings, mother-of-
pearl. 500.
TeethinE Sticks, mother of
pearl. s1.OO.
Hot Water Bag, with satin
cover, painted in cunning
nursery design, SI.O0.
Fourth floor, Eleventh street.
The Washington times., 1918-12-02

A Complete Line of Windsor
Chairs and Rockers
Solid Mahogany Windsor Chairs
and Rockers, $3.50 to $4,000.
Decorated (blue or black Enam-
eled Windsor Chairs, artistic gold deco
rationS, $3.50, $3.50 and $1,000. =
In Solid Mahogany
Taborets, $500 to $500.
Priscilla Sewing Stands, S12.5O to $500.
Telephone Stands, with stools, $1,000.
Telephone Stands, with chairs, $1,000 to
$17.50.
Smoking Stands, from $500 to $3.50.
Humidors, $3.50 to $500.
Foot Rests tapestry and velour uphol-
stered), SIPS to $3.50.
Muffin Stands, $3.50 to $4,000.
Tea Wagons, in mahogany, walnut and
white enamel, with and without glass trays,
fitted with artillery wheels, small wheels or
rollers. Prices from $500 to $500.
Liberty Knitters, $500 each.
sixth floor Eleventh street:
The Washington times., 1918-12-02
High Chairs for Little Folks

chairs for baby's
sacrificed
their durability. Oak mahogany
white enameled chairs OF them with rabbits
painted panel priced from
of these chairs
sanitary white enamel
kept clean and wholesome
Fourth floor, Eleventh
The Washington times., 1918-12-02
The Handiest Cooking
and Heating Device,
A Sterno
Canned Heat
Outfit

Have you seen all the
latest Sterno devices? Do
you know that you can
iri1 by Stemo, heat your
curling apparatus, warm
the baby's milk scientific
ally, heat the water for
shaving, as well as pre-
pare a cup of tea and
cook tempting delicacies?
Sterno is safe non-ex-
ploSive; clean-non-spill-
able; and pleasant to use
for it is smokelGss, SCOT
less and odorleSS. Sterno
is likewise economical.
You will find a complete line
Of Sterno Outfits and Access
sories in the Housefurnishing
Department, FIf.h Floor.
The Washington times., 1918-12-02
About Useful Gifts for Babies
When You Bathe a Baby

There are so many things that you want to have
near at hand and any of these necessities would
make the most acceptable gift to any baby, or
mother of baby.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

widely in character from those we
are currently producing, there is no
escape from the proposition that a
necessary condition of our being able
to produce the things needed for the
equipment of our army and navy
and to supply the deficit in the equip
ment of our Allies is a considerable
decrease in the production of those
clements of our normal and ordinary
consumption which are not required
for war purposes, and the transfer
of the productive energy thus saved
to the war industries.
How is this transfer to be effect
ed? The Federal government must,
of course, play the leading role, but
how is it to accomplish this task?
First of all, it must obtain from us,
the people, the necessary purchasing
power. What that amounts to Sec
rotary McAdoo has told us. He has
said that the war will cost during
the first year not less than fifteen
billions of dollars. According to the
best statistical estimates, the net an
nual income of all the people of this
country does not exceed forty bill
ions of dollars. 1t is probably be-
tween twenty-five and forty billions.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

we must pay for war, relatively
small part, however, when we con-
slider the country as a whole, but
nevertheless very serious and most
regrettable when we consider the in
dividuals directly affected. One of
the unavoidable injustices of war is
that it's burdens cannot be equitably
distributed Some must sacrifice
much more than others, and the only
way we can mitigate the conse-
quences of this injustice is by recog-
nizing it openly and publicly and
paying to those who must suffer from
it the tribute Of our sympathy and
by extending to them the honor
which sacrifice in noble cause de-
serves. Such sympathy and honor are
due to those who are obliged to sac
rifice their property, as we'll as to
those who are obliged to sacrifice
their lives.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

it has put the responsibility for the
success or failure of this war direct
ly up to you and me. We can loan
the money or not as we please, but
if we do not turn over to the govern
ment the necessary funds an ade-
quate army and navy cannot be
raised and equipped, and the war we
have undertaken cannot be fought TO
& successful issue. The government
cannot make bricks without straw,
and unless we furnish the straw the
bricks will not be made.
The second task, the one which
succeeds the transfer of the neces
sary funds to the government, is the
diversion Of war industries of the
necessary productive energy. There
are also two methods OF accomplish
ing this-the CONSUMPTION and the
voluntary. By the CONSUMPTION
method the government forcibly
takes possession of the factories, raw
materials, railroads and labor needed
and manufactures and transports on
it's own account the commodities re-
quired. By the voluntary method it
tries to induce the owners of those
factories, raw materials, railroads,
ETC., and the laborers to pro-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07
Exported to to all count
u. S. in 1917. tries in 1911
Tea an Important
F actor in Trade

From the list it can be seen readily
enough that the article which follows
raw silk and silk textiles in Importance,
as far as the Amcrican-Japa trade
with the United States is concerned. is
tea.
kahei Otani, president of the japan
Tea Manufacturing Company and one
of the most prominent export mer-
chants in Yokohama, president of the
Yokohama Chamber Of Commerce and
an ex-member of the House of Peers.
made nrticulate the views Of the
Japanese tea merchants on the Ameri
can regulation through license:
eve do not believe that our trade
will be put under great restriction
through the new regulation. NV view
is based on the observation of the
trade relations between the two conn
tries in the past and also on the fact
that in the United States, which is
practically the only market for our
green tea, tea is considered generally
as an article of daily necessity. OF
course, If it were excluded to n &C.
we're extent it is serious matter, not
only to the tea trade, but it will affect
the economic condition of the whole
people gravely. But from the recent re-
ports from the tea markets and what
the men who are investigating the
situation have to say we are taking an
optimistic view of the whole thing"
All these fair and rcassurinp state.
ments from high official and financial
quarters did much in restoring conf.
dencc among the Japanese traders. WIN
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-07

Can sacrifice at home be ~.
tute or re. remedy for sacrifice at =, :.
front? Will the morale Of on, = -. y
IN France be greatly improves :
knowing that here in America ,s. - y
and mothers and brothers ara {.
cry or insufficiently clad or de,n 40
ent?" The truth is that ths 'saa'
crnment's policy is the only ono wv w.
can reduce our sacrifices to the m;s'
mum. The business-as-usual naS las
will raise them to the may;m.
Let us see how.
In the first place, it will n,o,...
the war. 1t will do this by fo,s;ss
the government to change it's ~
and to adopt the industrial cones '
ton system for production and y.
bread and meat card system for ~ ~
sumption. This is but another ~. w.
OF saying that it will make it ns.,.
sary for the government to con,s
us to do what the business-as.n,n.
propagandists would have US refr.
to do voluntarily. The bread ~,
meat cards will compel US to Gov
and the CONSUMPTION system will fm
chilly bring about the necessary A
version of productive energy D..
this will take time, great deal ;,
time.