davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
Tanks and New Kind of Poison
Gas Will Figure in Attacks of
Enemy When they Attempt to
Break Through Allied Lines.

British Army Headquarters in
France, Feb. 19.-(By the Associated
Press. 1.-The great German offensive
on the western front may be expected
to begin at any moment now and as
far as the British front is concerned
the main thrust will be made on the
sector between Arras and st. Quentin.
Tanks and "a new mysterious gas"
will be employed by the enemy in the
attempt to break through the allies
line. other attacks will be delivered
further south. These facts have be-
come known through captured Ger
; man prisoners and from information
cleaned in other ways. The plans of
the German higher command are
complete and after many weeks Of in
tensive training of assaulting troops
they are ready to make the supreme
tised so widely in the past weeks.
Old Methods Useless.
Field Marshal Won Hindenburg and
General Won Ludendorf appear to have
realized that the old methods of at
employed, are too we'll known to pro-
duce the results desired. Accordingly
the German troops are being told that
surprise attacks, such as were used in
Galicia last summer. at Riga and
again on the Isonzo are to be tried
against the allies on the western
front.
Much stress has been laid on the
fact that tanks and new gas are to be
used, leaving the infantry little to do
but to walk through the gaps and
consolidate the positions captured.
German troops have been trained to
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
When Won Ludendorf asks Body
of Men How Many Wish to
Fight to Finish, Only Five Step
Forward-Ofhers Opposed.

footing in the Russian positions. The
enemy troops have not been told,
however, that the morale of the Rus
slams at Riga was very low and that
the German attack was complete
surprise.
Allied Morale High.
The Germans will find the allied
morale at the highest pitch on the
western front and their attack will be
far from the surprise desired. The
allies are ready for a big blow and
await with assurance the next move
of the German high command.
The German attack cannot be de-
layed much longer. All information
points to the fact that both German
civilians and soldiers are keyed up
to such pitch of nervous expectancy
that the strain cannot endure for
long. They are waiting for the attack
with feverish hope that the high COM
mand can this time make good it's
promise. The German troops are ex-
pected to fight we'll.
The coming battles will perhaps be
the most sanguinary of the war and
they will be the most intense yet seen.
But they will mark the beginning of
the end. for If the Germans do not
break clear through the allied line
and they cannot-they virtually will
be finished. The emperor is putting
every ounce Of strength into this great
gamble and IL it fails in the early
stages it means the end of Prussian
militarism.
The allied forces have a superiority
in numbers. both in men and guns
| and no doubt is felt on this front as
to the outcome.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
is FORCED TO SIGN PEACE ON
THE CONDITIONS MADE BY GERMANY
Today's War
Summary
(By the Associated Press.)

Germany has returned to the at
tack on the Russian front and the
Bolsheviki government must face its
greatest test-the power of German
militarism. Invading forces have
crossed the Dvina and Dvinsk and
Volhynia, to aid the hard pressed
Ukrainians>and protect the food sup
plies in the new country. This is the
first military activity on these fronts
since late last November.
What opposition the Bolsheviki
can or will offer the Germans is
problematical. Although the Russian
army has been much weakened by
the Rehabilitation order and strife
Guards have been successful against
the Ukrainians and other opposing
forces in southern Russia. A week
grad say, the Bolsheviki leaders were
doubtful if Germany would attack
and apparently had no intention to
fight the invaders. The food short
age in Great Russia is becoming des-
perate.
| ious which may account for Ger
many's decision to act. Bolsheviki
troops hold Kiev, the capital, where
four thousand persons were killed
and seven thousand injured in sever
al days of heavy fighting and Boil
sheviki adherents are destroying
! railroads and food supplies. In
Odessa, also. there has been fighting
On the western front there have
been no extensive movements. In
Champagne the Germans persist in
their attempts against the French po.
sitions near the Butte Du Mesnil
Twice Tuesday the French, who are
aided by American artillery, re-
pulsed enemy efforts, the Germans
being unable to reach the French
lines.
Aerial activity is the predominating
factor on the British and American
fronts. In the North British airmer
have accounted for sixteen German
airplanes and have dropped hundreds
of bombs on railways and airdromes
French and British bombing squad
rons also have attached important
points in Lorraine.
On the American sector the enemy
machines have been busy over and
behind the American lines. Ameri.
can gunners kept the Germans high
in the air and one of the enemy was
brought down by an American avia.
tor. Nine Americans have beer
wounded by German shells. There
has been considerable artillery activ.
ity on the Italian front.
! For the third time in as many days
German airmen raided southeast
England Monday night. None Of the
raiders were able to penetrate the de.
fenses Of London.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
RENEWAL OF ATTACK
WIDELY EXPECTED.

London, Feb. 19.-Renewal of the
German attack on Great Russia full
hlls the expectatio widely held here
since Germany consented to negotiate
with the Bolsheviki at Brest-LitOvsk.
The view often has been expressed
that Germany had peace less in mind
than to secure possession of what was
valuable in Russia and that the tenn
porizing attitude toward the Boil
sheviki would be maintained only un-
til the moment she awaited had ar
rived.
The manner in which Germany
played of the Ukraine against the
Bolsheviki is regarded as a character
istic example of German diplomatic
traditions. 1t is felt that the Ukrain-
ian call for German help has been eis-
sued at Germany's instigation to give
her plausible pretext of taking ad-
vantage Of the anarchy there in order
to gain control of the natural re-
sources OF the Ukraine.
Doubt is expressed whether the
move against Dvinsk is merely the
turn of the screw expected to make
the Bolsheviki grant submissively
what Germany wants or will be fol-
lowed by serious military operations.
In any case the action is denounced
as mere sharp practice, though it also
is regarded as the inevitable conse-
quence Of the amazing chaos to which
Russia has been reduced through the
lack of leader strong enough to
guide the revolutionary outburst.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
|BOlsheuik Loses Its
Hold And ThrOlU11
By Social Leaders
Runana Reported to Have Joined Forces With Ukraine
Against Bolsheviki and Have Occupied Kishinav-Re-
newal of German Attack Reveals Fact that Teutons
Had Peace Less in Mind Than Securing of Russian
Grounds.

London Feb. 19-Rumors current in Vasa that the
Boshevk in Petrograd has been overhrown by
the social revouonsts under the leadership of NJ Tchernof
according the correspondent there Of the Potken of Copen
Nkola Lenne and Leon otzky said have escaped
Riga.
Vasa Nkolastadt, is in Finland the only railway be-
tween Petrograd and Tornea the Swedish frontier.
NJ cherno is the leader of the social revoluonists and
chairman of the shorved constituent assembly, He served
minister of agculturen the Kerensky during
last July and August Tcerno has been strong advocate of
land reform and has been aligned with the mnnasts When
the constituent assembly met Perograd January Tcherno
was elected chairman the Bolshevk candidate The
day the assembly broken by force by the Bolshe
reported that the Bosevik intended Tcherno
In interview with the Associated Press correspondent
Peogad January 49, NJ Tceno said that social revo-
1utonist held that the constituent assembly should
medaey call conference of the allies consider
He said his party expected that the allies would their
aims clearly and explicitly and would try harmonic
with the democratic principles of the Russian revolution
M. Tchernoff admitted that the Russian probably
could not be expected to fight any de-
cared that Russia could act draw the
forces and their being thrown western 'front.'
thus helping the allies.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
PRIVATE MILITARY
FUNERAL FOR CASTLE

New York, Feb. 1s.-Private mill
tary funeral service for Captain Ver-
non Castle of the Royal Flying Corps
who was killed in an airplane acci-
dent at Fort Worth, Texas. last Fri
day. were held here today at the
Church of the TRANSPORTATION, better
known as 'The little church around
the corner" The rector Of the
church, Rev. DR.. George D. Hough-
ton, and the Rev DIR. Herbert L..
Shipman chaplain of the 1O4th field
artillery, T. S. A.. ofFciated.
A detachment of the Royal Flying
Corps escorted the body to the
church. The bearers were officers
from the flying corps.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
OTHER HAPPENINGS
IN PETROGRAD.s

London. Feb. 1e.-Further belated
dispatches from Petrograd received
today give additional details Of re-
cont happenings in Russia.
An offlcial news agency dispatch
dated February ~, announces the
Bolshevik authorities ordered all the
members OF the Ukrainian central
rada and the Ukrainian delegates to
the Brest-Litovsk peace conference,
including Chairman Holubowicz, ar
rested and tried for treason to the
people. Some of these affected by this
order have been arrested at Kiev,
while others fled to Berdichev.
Another Of the official agency dis
patches reports Odessa resembling a
military camp. Fierce fighting occur
red there on three consecutive days.
1t IL stated. The defeated gkrainians
are said to have occupied the railway
station and fortified themselves. Re-
newed fighting Of a desperate charac-
ter then began in which the ships in
the harbor Joined, firing shells of
large caliber Tho victims. it is de-
clared, numbered 400. including the
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
CANDIDATEFOR
SEATTLE MAYOR
OFFICE SHOT
Threatening Letters Writ.
ten Him on Several Occa-
sions-He Will Live.

Seattle. Wash. Feb. 1e.-Ralph A.
Horr, prominent Red Cross worker
and candidate for the mayoralty NOM
ination at the municipal primaries to-
morrow, was shot late last night by
an unknown man who concealed him
self in Horr's office. The man who
fired the shot, as we'll as another man
who accompanied him. escaped.
Horr was able to drag himself to
his desk telephone and summon the
city authorities. At the city hospital
doctors said he would live. No reason
for the shooting could be given by
Horr. He said, however, that he had
received several written threats which
were to the effect that if he did not
cease his denunciattons of anti-patfi-
OTIS he would be killed.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
Allies Expect Teut0n
DriUe to Start on the
West Front Amy Time

make long approach marches and
then to storm enemy positions after
a short gas shell bombardment. Those
obstacles which the German artillery
fire has not obliterated will be rushed
by the troops or ignored. The Ger
man infantry will rely on weight of
numbers. masses of machine guns and
begun by the tanks and the gas.
Word has been passed out by the
German high command that few Of
the allied troops will survive the ef-
fects of the tanks, the gas and the
and that fresh German
infantry will overcome speedily any
offered in captured posi-
tions.
Despite these assurances the in
tensive training to which they have
been put, the German troops are
frankly skeptical and are undertaking
their task with no enthusiasm. accord
ing to prisoners. They feel they are
going to be thrown into battle to be
used as cannon fodder and do not
relish the prospect.
Men Want to Quit.
1t is said General Won Ludendorf
recently addressed body of infantry
at IIaon and asked how many men
were willing to fight to a finish. Only
privates stepped forward. The others
declared their desire for an early
peace by arrangement"
German officers on the other hand
appears to have the conviction they
will be able to break through by
means Of their "secret attacks"
General Won Hutier, who is reputed
to have laid the plans for the capture
of Riga. has come to the western front
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
RED GUARDS AND
RUSSIAN DESEIsTERS JOIN,

Amsterdam, Feb. 19.-The Ukrain-
ian delegation to the Brest-Litovsk
conference issued an appeal to the
German people, according to a Berlin
dispatch, protesting that Russian Boil
sheviki and hired hands of Red
Guards from the north have united
with deserters from the Russian army
under the command of former gen.
darmes and are invading the Ukraine,
destroying, burning and looting towns.
Ihe appeal declares that the Petro-
grad government told an untruth
when it described this movement as
rising of the Ukrainian people and
the central rada as bourgeois rada.
The real intention of the Boil
sheviki," the appeal adds, "is to sub
jugate the Ukraine and send its grain
stocks to the north. The German
army standing on the flank of our
northern enemy possesses the power to
help u.s.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
DRAFT TREATY
SIGNED BY U.S..
AND BRITAIN
Agreement is Also Made Be-
tween United States and
Canada.
EARL READING DOES
FIRST OFFICIAL WORK
Each Country Can Draft
Subjects of Other With
in Bounds.

Washingtons Feb. Designing of
the army draft treaty between Great
Britain and the United States was an
nounced today. The new British am
bassador, Earl Reading. affixed his
signature to the document as his first
official act in Washington.
Under the treaty the United States
may draft into the military service
British subjects in this country be-
tween the ages of 20 and As, while
Great Britain may draft American
citizens living within it's jurisdiction
between the ages of 81 and 81. A
separate convention along the same
line is being negotiated by the state
department with Canada.
Later it was announced that the
treaty with Canada also had beer
signed
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
FIGHTING GERMANS
BAREHANDED TO Be
TAUGHT AT CAMPS

Camp Lewis. Tacoma, Wash, Feb.
19.-Fighting the Germans with their
bare hands is to be taught the soldiers
at Camp Lewis as a part Of their ath-
letic training, it was announced, today
by Captain T. G. Cook. camp athletic
director. The training is to be in the
nature Of game, invented by Captain
Cook, which more or less rivals foot
ball for vigorous action for the few
minutes the men are engaged.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
SILENT UNDERSTANDING
WITH GERMANS.

Petrograd, Friday, Feb. 15.-The
protest made by allied and neutral
diplomatic representatives against
the reputation Of Russia's national
debt by the Bolshevik government.
Foreign Minister Trotzky intimated
to the central executive committee or
the all-Russian workmen's and SOL
diers' congress last night, indicated
a silent understanding with German
imperialists. He said:
1.-THE protest of all the ambassadors
against the notification of loans locks
around us a ring of international Inn
perialists."
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
COMING Of TWO
CENT PIECES IS
RECOMMENDED BY
PAPER PUBLISHERS

Washington, Feb. 19.-Recommen-
dation that he treasury resume mint
ing Of tw0e> ent coins has been made
by the executive committee of the
American Newspaper Publishers as
socia ton in session here. The new
coin. it was pointed out. would pro-
vide convenient medium of en-
change in purchasing newspapers. the
price of which generally has ad-
vanced to two cents because of the
news print paper shortage.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
RUNIANIA AND UKRAINE
AGAINST BOLSHEVIKI.

RUNANIA AND UKRAINE
AGAINST BOLSHEVIKI.
Petrograd. Friday. Feb. 15.-Ru-
mania, dispatches received here indi-
cate, has perfected an alliance with
the Ukraine government opposed to
the Bolsheviki, and joint army, in
cluding some Russian officers and
baftalions and several Ukrainian regi-
n1ents. is; commanded by General
Steherbatcheff. These troops have
occupied Kishinev. the capital of Bes-
sarabia, but have been driven out Of
Tiraspol, on the Dneister, by Boil
shevik forces.
The Rumanian cruiser squadron is
reported to have rebelled and joined
The Russian Bolsheviki. A number of
revolving Rumanians were executed at
the order of General Stcherbatcheff.
General Alexieff, defeated at Rostov
and voronezh, has fled to Novo
Tcherkask, in the Don territory.
During the recent bloody events in
Kiev the Metropolitan Vladimir and
General Ivanoff, former commander
Of the Russian southwestern front,
were killed.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
SHORTAGE OF
FUEL OIL MAY
CLOSE PLANTS
General Electric Co. SAY.
Taking Over of Ships 4
Cuts Fuel Supply. 81 y

Washington. Feb. 18th,
Electric company has no
navy department. that it shi
have to shut down three of
plants engaged on war order
United States and the allies
the shipping boards action
tank steamers of the Gulf
company for overseas traffic
off it's supply of fuel oil.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
WINNIPEG KIDDIES
TO PLAY RETURN &
ENGAGEMENT I lss|

The famous Winnipeg Ki3f ses. yIsas
some new talent and a number OF new
features, are coming bac kto Grand
Forks. This compan.., which still is
performing for patriotic purposes. will
appear at the Metropolitan theatsr
next Monday and Tuesday. 4
The Winnipeg kiddies appeared
here some time ago under the auspices
of the Elks, and at that time were
greeted by two of the largest audience
es that packed the auditorium. Their
entertainments generally were con-
ceded the best of their kind ever nv.
en- in the city.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
Senator Chamberlain
To Be Operated On At
Once For Appendicitis

chamb berlain of Oregon, chairman of
the military committee is to be oper-
ated at once for appendicitis. The
senator apparently was improved this
morning after recurrence of an at
tack suffered last fall. but after an
examination later in the day his ply
sicians decided to remove him to a
hospital for an operation.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
Trotzky And Lenine
Sign Statement Sent
Out From PetrOgrad
Conditions Proposed by Germany Must be Accepted Ac
cording Official Announcement Sent From Russia
Statement Protests Against German Resumption Of
War-People Ready for Peace. ~.

London Feb 19Russia is forced to sign upon
the conditions proposed by Germany official Russian
statement received here today.
The official statement signed by Premier Lenine and
Leon Troky the foreign minister 1t protests against the Ger
resumption of the and the councils of peoples
is forced declare its readiness sign
dictated by the delegations of the quaduple alliance
Brestovsk 1t promises detailed reply without delay
to the German peace conditions.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
ACTIVE CAMPAIGN
STARTED AGAINs
"RUMOR SPREAE
Washington Fel

Washington, Feb 49,
General Gorgas today start
tive campaign against rumc.
ers by inviting the assistan
cry citizen in the effort to
cry sensational story regai
health or condition of livir
diers. A report that sixtee
had frozen to death at Cam
Ian, Anniston, Ala. is the
come to the attention of tn
general. This story has s.
traced to three soldiers V
been on leave from Camp E
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
Eight Men Injured
AT Camp Dodge When
Barracks Are Burned

Camp Dodge, Ia. Feb. 19.-Eight
soldiers of Company U, ordnance
corps, were seriously injured here
early today when fire that started
from stove completely destroyed the
company's barracks and adjacent
latrine.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
TWO KILLED in
EXPLOSION AT
STEEL WORKS
Twenty Others are Injured
When Tubular Boilers
Are Demolished.

Hammond. Ind. Feb. 19.-Two men
were killed, one is missing and 20
We're injured by an explosion last
night at the Republic Iron and Steel
company's plant at East Chicago. four
miles from here. The explosion took
place in the tubular boilers and bat
teries in the structural iron mill and
the plant was wrecked.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
EIGHT INJURED
IN EXPL0Sl(s|y
ON MONTANA
Cartridge Case Blows I
During Target Practice or
Big Battleship.

Washington, Feb. 19.-Isgnt sss
have been injured in an e:splosionSs
a cartridge case during tas;yaty pra
tice on the cruiser Montana A hr3
report to the navy department. toH
carried no details of the accident al
did not give the names OF the m
hurt.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
FIVE THOUSAND
INDIANS HAVE,
ENLISTED IN Fl

Washington, Feb. 19.-Ffv
sand Indians have enlisted
army or navy for the wa
figures are not obtainable !
number is given as a safe
by Cato Sells, commission y
dian affairs in a letter ma il
today to the president of tlia
can Indian League in New -
In enumerating the part
dians are taking in the wa
sion Sells cites that they rs
scribed to more than $4,000. o.
of Liberty bonds.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19

commander of the Eighth army corps.
The same dispatch reports that sew
eral hours of fighting at Nikolayev, an
important port northeast Of Odessa
ended in the Ukrainians laying down
their arms.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
INVESTIGATION
OF HOG ISLAND
YARDSSTARTED
Secret Service Men Will Go
Into Details of Enormous
Expenditures.

Washington, Feb. 1s.-Investigation
Of all phases Of enormous expendi-
lures in the building of the govern
ment shipyard at Hog Island, Penn.
has been started by secret service men
and other agents Of the department
Of justice.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
PEACE NEGOTIATIONS
HAVE NOT STARTED.

Amsterdam, Feb. 19.-Peace nego-
tiations with Rumania, telegram
from Berlin says it is understood,
have not yet begun. They probably
will commence Friday when DR.. Won
Kuehlmann, the foreign secretary,
will likely arrive at Fokshani to take
charge Of the German negotiations.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
Trsstzky Appointed
Food Dictator With
Unlimited Authority

Petrograd, Friday, Feb. 15.-Leon
Trotzky. the Bolsheviki foreign min
lister, has been appointed food dicta-
tor with unlimited authority
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19

AS leader of the Don Cossacks Cen
eral Kaledines was opposed to the
Bolsheviki and he was the leader of
the counter revolt against the Boil
sheviki early last December. On Jan
uary l the republic of the Don was
declared with General Kaledines as
president and prime minister. 1t
probably was the resignation of this
government that led to his suicide.
He was. elected leader of the Don
COssacks nssJulY, 1917.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-02-19
GENERAL. KAEEDINES
COMMITS SUICIDE.

Petrograd, Friday, Feb. 15.-Gen-
eral kaledines hetman Of the Don
Cossacks. committed suicide at Novo
Tcherkask. headquarters of the Don
Cossacks, during a session of the
Novo Tcherkask government which
he attended. The government decid-
ed to resign and transfer it's power
to the lpcal workmen's and soldiers
council. After the decision Genera.
kaledines went to an adjoining room
and shot himself.
General Nazaroff, who succeeded
General Kaledines as leader of the
Don Cassacks. ordered the immediate
mobilization and arming of all Co.'S
sacks to fight the Bolshevik troops
advancing toward Novo Tcherkask.