davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15
ITALY FORCED TO EXPAND
Roman Nation Expect. Put Up Hard Fsh, Support Of
Colonial Policy During Coming Conferences
Around the Peace Table.

own genius on tho seas over which
II wu called tu rule with vast pow IRA
and II witness tho sunset uf the
By1hi tine empire,
Su,s Canal Gives Opportunity.
Between 1855 and 1863, ON the eve
ot opening IN. Sucg canal. the sense
OF tho new lie In the Mediterranean
was spread among va like au appeal
In the rivalry of tho old and new
powers which descended on the least
desirable lands of Africa ana Asia
Tho treaties of commerce with
Japan august -, lsG6l. with chin {,
toctoh"r "a. 1880 and with Siam
tOctober 3. 1889 beginning the re-
lations ~ the young kingdom Win
the world outside NJ Europe. made
the people understand the necessity.
or at least the advantages of having
outposts On the great trade routes
Of the world From that sprnng the
possession ~ ASSah and nH n result
the quest ~ real political COLONIES
which were realized on tho Red sea
and IN" Indian ocean,
II would take = long time to
enumersts tho varied series Of at
tcmrts which preceded ltaly's final
establishment on the Red sea. the
first researches the lakes of'Guinca
and Ahcokutl tSGl) toward the
Nicohnr islands tiSGi-6al; Sumatra
rSs0; the Andnmnn islands
tN69l. the Dnklha islands lN6S) ,
sun ts69. Cablnda. tmcra, Sccik
Said, Ras Dumairnh hnllul OSGql f;
Assab Nhcg-N2l New Guinea
tS69-70l Bornen GSGa-7D. the
mouths Of the Cuba GsTO.
Early AspiryNi Ia Trade Supremacy.
Scattered documents remain In
archives and divers offices. or IN the
hands OF private citizens. TO attest
the efforts and negotiations with
different powers In making tn.
searches to establish factories. trad
ing stations and ports ~ cali where
emigrant, and colonies might he es-
tablished. However. the simple out
lines OF map are enough to reveal
the continuity of Italian effort to
ward tho east and the far east.
The rest II known. The yicl@i-
tudes In Ahysina aud iibya arc
present In the memory ot all. and all
are familiar with the problems which
concern the future ~ our African
colonies, OF our position In tn.
Mediterranean.
ON the whole. recent events give
peculiar value tn those frnginentary
attempts ut distant colonization, be-
cause they Indicate the initial
motives OF the italian people which
are tho mainsprings of their hlstury,
that IN the progressive coordination
~ energies and ideas To tho end ~
gaining firm foo,hold on tho
gigantic highways open To the great
powers through the overseas COM
merco In international commodities.
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15

ROME, Doc. ~ Italy Ia the In -
b.ritor ~ colonial traditions from
pnme, Venice, Genoa and Pisa. the
s.a kings of ancient history and Of
,be middle ages Love ~ the sea is
Inherent In the Italian breast Tradi-
lon and sentiment will back the
I,ru arguments which will demand
IA honring at tho peace conference
n.,t year The controversy between
italians and Jugo SlsVs over the
eastern shore OF tho Adriatio will he
,hr,shud out before tho treaty ia
signed
II viii depict tho supremacy of
Rome and lay claim to the cltioa
uhrrc Venice built walls and
churches and set up tho winged lion
az 81 Mark atop marble muAta to re-
call her dominion 90 future ages
whatever opinion may he hcld ~
I,alvA colonial policy, the facts ~
it, historical precehcnu artd ~ It's
steady expansion toward tn. east
are irrefutRble
The new Kingdom OF Italy rose on
seven states and from them Inherited
the necessity and the aspirations to
push out beyond the national bor-
derA II IN noteworthy that OF the
old countries which more recently
diaclnsed "A desire and intention to
establish foreign colonies. tho king.
dom ~ Sardinia and the Kingdom OF
tho Two Sicilics nj" conspicuous
Expansion EortSsi On Italy.
II ~ noteworthy that on tho other
hand that II was not the mere sug
grstion due to clasric memories. but
practical reasons. internal necessitics
nnd Inevitable laws OF history and
ethnol.gy which animated thr nd-
vance guard Of navigntorr. of eN-
plorrrs and Of writer's who marked
with their blood and their illustrious
example tho now roads OF Italy be-
yond tho seas.
In the moment that tho kingdom
was established as n tunultuoua
political Improvisation. with slight
chances OF stability or fulfilling re-
remblancs to the living traditions OF
the country. n few men fleeing with
n poetic divergence of ideas and Of
customs from tho fatal daily empyri-
risin NJ tho national surroundings.
launched out on the seas Of ad
ventura and Of history and procured
tho labor and the opportunities To
tho growing population the country
could not supply.
Rctween 1855 and 1889. Italy rtiii
living on revolution. without borders
and without capital. already had
taken steps - establish trading posts.
factories and ports OF call In distant
parts rallying the undying maritime
srirlt of tho nation Ia revive the
marvellous fca, OF ancient Venice
which upon n shining base. with an
unarmed state and an aristocracy
without n castle, rose TO develop its
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15

Last years umbrella II ~ 'thlns
sputnrd byN les fomincs.'
Mere man. who may consider AN
umbrella an object of uiillty, just u
bum hershoot" To keep him dry on
4 rainy day. has meyer been "A close
observer ~ the tarfetn arrangement
catrird by the other s"S 10 Keep 4"
bonnets from spntting
Umbrellas vary to an even greater
degree than DO skirt widths, heights
~ shoes and size OF hats. Under no
circumstances H an old umbrella
suitable Tor a second season. It's
either nudcy undfeH~.d nf IN too
flIl. It has too long a handle or too
short "A one. n IL too much ~ an IN
vcrtrd bowl shape or elre looks like
q rakr-tln carried ON the end OF "a
stick.
Very short Thn Year
Umbrellas this year are short, very
short. and thay have convenient
ring IN the handle which may be-
used 20 slip over the wrist To be car
riei hy or given TO the teethlng baby
,urins The summer months when not
uthrrwise IN use Ivory IL 'he ac-
rrptrd material for tn. handles and
'lnr- and to he quite recherche IVORY
should ho used for ths tips ~ tho
ribs ana for Gap on the end ~ tho
frrruIo. vhirh is st~ky ami short --
not ~ all Nbr Mind that Will slip into
cracks IN the sidewalk and twist out
uf shape.
Imitation amber and Imitation
tuothys, ar. used IN the same man
rer ns the ivory and some hrrbiVnr-
.a.s a a. N. Ia. a -
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15
C0LllNSvlLLE EXPECTS
TO MAKE GREAT RECORD

George l., Iamy spent Saturday
afternoon In Colllnsyitle. and white
there delivered "a short address in
behalf OF the Red Cross Christmas
Roll Call MIR I.nmy was accom q.
panied by Lloyd Reach and nryn n
Pyle, two Tulsa ambulnncers who
were invalided home. and who are
working for the success Of the COM
ing campaign
tollinsNllle expects 10 obtain uni.
versnl membership by Thursday ,'
Mr. Lnmy said upon his return
Thc'. people up there have a rplen-
did organization, and they wer, all
enthusiastic about the campaign"
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15

ara more trucks and morv fool.
Housshoid articles ana clothing win
he needed. Until Germany pays In
2emnity thssc people RETURNING 70
their homo sItss must be helped.
They must be fed and sivsn employ
mont THIS is the work thss has
been going on since May, svi;. aad
II will continue until the French gov
ernment announces that no more
help In needed
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15

TICKETS for the nurses assocla-
tion bazaar and dance December sf
are ON sale. tho nurses and patrons
beinH the salos agencies, and svery
Tulsnn will be given a chance 10 In
vest VI In the scheme to provide b
nurses home In the city,
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15
NEW ACCOUNTS

WE FULLY APPRECIATE the new ac-
w counts that are daily being received and
entered on our books.
VIZ, DESIRE, TO BECOME PERSONALLY
ACQUAINTED with all of our customers,
both old and new. We want to know your
face as well as your signature. Whatever your
legitimate banking needs may be. whether
large or small, you will find that this nstitu-
ton is NOT TOO LARGE TO BE INTER-
ESTED IN THEM, NOR TOO SMALL
TO TAKE CARE OF THEM PROPERLY.
The Oldest Bank in Tulsa County
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-12-15
ar6e HARDWARE STORE y

The moderate prices prevailing will prove
the less attractive-especially when it is di
cred that the quality has not been lowere
accomplish their moderateness.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28
ROADS FOR MAIL
ROUTES MUST BE
MADE PASSABLE
Postoffice Department Has Received
Complaints of the Poor Condition
Of Rural Routes-May Prohibit
Delivery.

The local postofice authorities
have received complaints from the
rural carriers, to the effect that the
condition Of the country roads makes
it impossible for them to make their
regular runs.
The late rains and the subsequent
freezing have made the rural roads
nearly impossible for either team or
automobile, and the rural mail car
riers have lodged a complaint with
the postoff1ce officials, regarding the
road conditions.
In speaking of the route conditions,
Assistant Postmaster J.. j. Dunlap said
that unless the roads were improved
it might be necessary to discontinue
rural mail service temporarily. Some
portions Of the mail routes p%articu-
larly will no doubt be abandoned,
unless the farmers use some means to
level the roars.
The postofice officials are bringing
the condition of the roads to the at
tention of the commissioners and road
overseers Of the county, with a view
to obtaining some remedy. 1t has
been suggested that If each farmer
work from two to four miles of roads
bordering his land, the roads could
be put in shape speedily. The farm
ers are reminded that If they wish
the mail delivery to continue on.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28
Capt. L. L. Eckn1an
Sends Letter OF
Thanks And Cheer
At Time Of Writing Capt. Was on Duty
at Machine Gun School Abroad
"Hell, HEAVIER or Hoboken by
Christmas" is New Slogan.

f. A. Brown. secretary Of the Elks,
today received a letter from Captain
L. L. Eckman of this city, who has
distinguished himself in service
abroad. Captain Eckman's letter was
in Acknowledgement of the new Elks'
card recently sent him. He says:
my Dear Brother Elks:-Just a
line to acknowledge the receipt of and
to thank you for the new lard receive
ed in yesterdays mail and to assure
you of my sincere appreciation.
have now been out of the active
line for about two months and on
duty at a machine gun school, enjoy
ing a good bed and three meals every
day, and best of all, good health.
Many times have I thought Of the
beautiful flag you presented to us and
Of which W e were so proud, and Won
der how many Of us will ever see it
again. Many have already laid down
their lives for it, and so CALAMITY
also that they have made a new his
tory we can all feel proud of.
nearly completed, and only hope so
that more can be spared the sacri-
flee.
"'Hell, Heaven or Hoboken by
Christmas has been the cry and it
surely would be a welcome realiza-
ton, not only to us but to all al home
also.
Again thanking you, and with
greetings and best wishes to each and
every one. I am
Sincerely,
Il L. Eckman,
Capt. Inf. U. S."
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28

foreignized. The day Of cliques, class
and colonies within the nation is
gone. 1t was entirely too easy to get
into America and then into American
citizenship. From now on citizenship
will surely mean more than a "mere
oath of allegiance which in too many
cases was absolutely meaningless.
Thank God u ports are still open,
the hand of America is still extended,
the Goddess of Liberty is still hold
ing high over all, the torch OF en-
lightenment, welcoming those who
are willing to be emalgimated into
American citizenship.
4. We r thankful for national
obedience to national vision. It was
clear that we were battling not only
for the defense of the ideals of our
own country but for the supreme
ideals of humanity. Never was a ma
ton SO unselish or an army so
spiritual in motive. We have asked
for neither silver nor soil. We have
demanded and laid down our lives for
"a square deal for Others" In many
American homes today are tears and
mourning. Only God knows how
much some hav suffered and still
suffer. And yet, we know that 'all
this is tempered with justifable pride
when it is remembered that for every
costly sacrifice ultimate victory was
made so much nearer"
5. We are thankful for the wider
spiritual horizon. Our world is larger
now. We have more friends than
ever. Shall we ever forget Serbia,
Rumania, Armenia, Poland, Belgium?
No, never. Where our treasure is
our hearts will be-" These nations
will never forget us. What about the
larger nations, Italy, France and
England? Will they ever forget us?
Oh, no. This very day their sons and
our sons lie side by side under the
same sod. Who could now, or in the
coming years. separate us from them
or them from us? "Blest be the tie
that binds" What a fellowship of
nations and peoples will accrue in
the years ahead!
6. We are thankful for the
Christian church and it's record the
past four years. Whoever declares
the church dead or asleep must guess
again. She is not spiritually perfect,
and never will be, but she has
spiritual power. The nation could
not get along we'll without the church,
so speaks President Wilson. The
army could not get along we'll with
out the church, so speaks. General
Pershing. 1t was a splendid morale
III llle LHen that caused tnem to strike
such a telling blow to our enemy and
that morale he churches helped to
generate, SO speaks John R.. Mott of
international fame.
Z. We are thankful for the grow
ing conviction that Jesus Christ is
the worlds greatest Democrat. The
nation which follows him not imitably
comes to naught. Ask the ugly Turk
or the inhuman German. what
ever We SOW that shall we reap"
There is no deeper law. 1 contend
that the best elements in Democracy
are all represented in Jesus Christ.
The most truly Democratic nation
is the most Christ-like nation. The
hope of the world, and every nation
in it. lies in following the Divine
Democrat. The faster and wider we
spread His principles the sooner will
true Democracy come to all the
world.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28
missionaries
Must Be Filled
Out Properly
Mothers Have Not All Answered
Questions of War Risk Insurance
Bureau And Many will Not Re-
ceive Allowances DUO to This.

Because of neglect on the part of
some women to properly answer ques-
tons and fill out the missionaries
sent them before an allowance can be
drawn. the Home Service section of
the American Red Cross has been
asked to assist in showing wherein
such negligence has caused them to
lose their allowance.
Many local residents have received
notice to the effect that they will not
receive an allowance. The Home
Service bureau usually takes care of
these cases.
Following are a few reasons ex-
planning why many allowances are
being discontinued, and an outline of
the procedure to be adopted in such
cases:
Owing to recent investigations
made by the field examiners Of the
bureau of war risk insurance, many
Class B allowances have been discon-
t1nued. Home service sections may
now inform such persons who feel
that they are entitled to the allow
ances which have been cancelled that
they may send to the bureau Of war
risk Insurance.:
Il. Afidavits containing their
claims.
"2. Afidavits by third persons Civ
ing supporting evidence as to the
claims.
Such afidavits should contain full
and clear statements Of previous con.
tributions, by the enlisted man whose
allotment supports the allowance anc
should clearly state the financial and
physical circumstances Of the family
IF such claims and af1davits are
forwarded through Red Cross chan.
nels they should be sent with Form
667. Home service sections shoule
explain to persons whose allowances
have been discontinued what right.
Class B relatives have under the wa,
risk insurance act. Assistance should
be given in preparing claims onl,
when such claims are clearly wei
founded.
Instances where Glass B allow
ances are improperly cancelled ar.
generally due to incorrect answering
in missionaries which were sent gu
some time to Glass B beneficiarie,
by the bureau of war risk insurance.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28
War Heroes
Remembered
Local Boys Who Gave Their Lives for
Freedom Should Not Be Forgotten
Today When Thanksgiving Inspires
All Hearts.

On Thanksgiving day when the
people of the United States discon-
tinue their labors to give thanks for
the many blessings Inc gifts received
during the year. it has been suggested
that those boys who gave up their
lives for their country's cause be not
forgotten. They have contributed all
they had and all they were to the
cause for whose victorious outcome
thanks are offered today.
Following is the list of soldiers
from Grand Forks county who have
died in service since the entrance Of
the United States into the war:
Magill Ellison, Brenna township,
n. D., died October IS, 1917, Camp
Dodge, Iowa.
Theodore j. Valerius, Larimore. N.
D., died January 4, 1918, Fort Leaven-
worth, Kan.
William w. Whalen, Grand Forks,
n. D.. died January 16, 1918, in
France.
Robert G. Snyder, Arvilla, N. D.,
died April 8, 1918, Fort Logan, Ore.
Robert Muir, Mekinock, N. D., died
April II, 1918, Camp Dodge, Iowa.
Lee Olmstead, Larimore, N. d., died
April e. 1918, Great Lakes naval
training station.
Glen Bailey. Arvilla, N. D., died
May 13, 1918, in France.
Dewey w. Fink. Grand Forks. N.
D., died June Z. 1918, in France.
Martin Sanders, Mekinock, N. D.,
died July 6. 1918, in France.
Paul Pecher, Grand Forks, N. D.,
died July 10, 1918, in France.
Egil Olson, Arvilla, N. D., died July
10, 1918, in France.
Clarence e. Anderson, Gonvick,
Mimi, died July 80, 1918, in France.
Paul C.. Lawrence, Grand Forks, N.
Athol Virden, Kempton, N. D., died
August 2, 1918. Kempton, N. D.
George L. Rourke, Osnabrock, N.
D., died August S, 1918, in France.
Peter Getz, Grand Forks, N. D..
died August "a, 1918. in France.
Leete Van SICKLE, Grand Forks, N.
D., died August S, 1918, Camp Han
cock. Ga.
Edward Sutherland, Grand Forks,
\. D., dice October 6, 1918, in
Otto Bergland, Northwood, N. D.,
died October Z, 1918, Camp Custer,
Mich.
Emmons Linwell, Northwood, N. D.,
October, 1918, Camp Dodge, Iowa.
Sergeant Gerhardt G~underson.
Grand Forks, N. D., died October 9,
1910, Sdulp SuSLeT, MICH.
Stanley Novak, Grand Forks, N. D.,
died October 10, 1918, Camp Custer,
Mich.
John A. Anderson, Reynolds. N. D.,
died September %, 1918, in France,
Archie Forth, Grand Forks, N. D.,
died October II, 1918, Camp Custer,
Mich.
Gilman Morstead. Grand Forks. N.
D., died September, 1918, in France.
Eugene Farnum, Inkster, N. D..
died October, 1918, in France.
John D. English, Niagara, N. D.,
died November 4. 1918, Camp Lewis,
Wash.
Richard Eggen, Grand Forks, N. D.,
died October 18, 1918, in France.
Lieutenant Lester Smith, Grand
Forks, N. D.. died October 2, 1918, in
France.
Lieutenant Carl Clementson, Grand
Forks, N. D., died on board ship.
Ralph Ball, Grand Forks. N. D..
died July 20, 1918, in France.
Peter ]. Bjerklie Gilby, N. D., died
September 20, 1918, in France.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28
RAILROAD TAX
CASES TO BE
HEARD AGAIN
Adjourned Over Thanksgiv-
ing-Testimony to be TAX
en- at Other Cities.

The taking Of testimony in the rail-
road tax case, which has been in prog-
s in Grand Forks for some time,
adjourned over Thanksgiving day, to
be resumed on Tuesday, December 3.
After a few days session in Grand
Forks at that time, the hearing will
be continued al Devils Lake, then Mi
not and finally at Bismarck. The
object of the investigation is to as
certain the actual value of various
kinds OF property, that is, what it is
worth On a buying or selling basis.
The investigation also involves the ac-
tual value of the railroads. This part
Of the case will be taken up later. 1t
Is believed thai the investigation now
being made will eliminate much of
the guess work which has prevailed
on h subject of property values, for
the inquiry is all under oath, and the
actual land values are being found.
AS farm lands are a large part of the
states property, their valuations are
being given the most consideration
so far. The attorneys for the plain
tiff railroads, who are resisting the
assessment made of their property on
the theory that the assessment is
greater in proportion to h a levied
on other properties of equal value,
are producing men from each county
to testify to the land values in their
county. and are picking men who
from their business and personal
knowledge of what the lands are SELL
ing for, can fix an average value.
Without relations to the issues IN
volved in the suit, the investigation
is developing information of eXcep-
tional value to the whole state as es-
tablishing the actual values of farm
lands, and relative values of lands
in several counties. The values given
are the average for the entire county,
not including improvements. as given
by witnesses for plaintiff. The testi-
mony offered by the plaintiff railroads
showing the naked land values in sew
eral counties so far covered by evil
deoce follows
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28
H. HALVORSON OF
MACHINE GUN co.
DIED OF WOUNDS

Word was received yesterday by
Mrs. Lena Hagen, of East Grand
Forks that her adopted son, Harold
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28

Brother Dies In Fr.ncc-Mrs.
Myron Brathoyd Of Reynolds has
been notified Of the death Of her
brother. John Robertson, who died
from wound received in action. Rob-
ertson had frequently visited this city
and IL we'll known here.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28

MAIL SHOULD
BE SENT EARLY
Postmaster Announces Regulations
for Mailing Christmas Packages
Farmers Are Urged to Repair the
Country Roads.

Christmas parcels should be sent
early. Assistant Postmaster J. J.. Dun
lop said today. and suggested that
Christmas mail be sent just as soon as
possible in order to avoid thu conges-
ton which is SO common at Christmas
time. Posters have been issued an
nouncing regulations for mailing
Christmas packages. In effect, they
announce that the packages must be
securely wrapped, must be addressed
plainly, and should be mailed early.
Parcels may also be marked with the
words. Not to be opened until
Christmas" OF with similar directions.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28

Herald Want Ads Bring Results.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28

Halvorson, a member of the Grand
Forks machine gun company, died of
wounds received in action on Oc-
tober 2.
Halvorson was "a years old and had
lived in East Grand Forks during his
entire life up to the time of his enlist
ment. He graduated from the East
Grand Forks high school in 1913. He
had been in the front line trenches
since the first of January and had
been In the thick of the fighting many
times. No letters received from him.
indicated that he had been seriously
Wounded.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-11-28
Mrs. H. A. John Is Dead
Entire Family Suffering From Influ-
enza and Pneumonia.

Mrs. H. A. John. who came here
from Spokane, Wash, seven months
ago, died of pneumonia last night in
q hospital in this city. Her father
arrived here today from his home at
Benson, Mimi, and will make ar
rangements for the funeral which
will be held here.
H. A. John, wire chief at the Great
Northern telegraph office, who is! the
husband of the deceased, is in a hos
pital suffering from pneumonia, and
TWO children are i'll of influenza, but
are said to be slowly recovering. The
residence of the John family is at
1912 University venue