davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29

grown for meat. They fatten rapidly
 and may be fed on rations recommended
 for chickens, but better results are usu- ally secured by feeding more green and vegetable feeds and a larger proportion of mash.
 For the general farmer who is more interested in obtaining eggs than produc- ing meat the Indian Runner is. a good breed. This duck holds the same rela- tive position in the duck family that the Leghorn does in the chicken fam | fly. It lays good sized white egg con siderably larger than hens egg, anl | is declared to be small eater, a good forager and hardy. The introduction of this breed is helping to build up a trade of first-class duck eggs. These eggs should be marketed frequently, as ! they depreciate in quality more rapidly | than hens eggs
 GULL THE BLOCKS
 l Much of the poultry now raised on l the farm and in the. backyard flocl1s is I not as profitable as it should be. The l estimated production of the average hen | is not over 85 eggs per year. During | 1915 about 2o00 hens under close ob- | Servation in contest in this country laisi l on the average of 1ol eggs. Since these l hens varied from nothing to 314 in their production, it is evident that the 15l
 eggs are not the maximum obtainable.
 A Il poultry raisers shoula cull their flocks and keep only the best layers
 study of the principles of breeding, care,
 and feeding will enable poultry keep
 CTS to accomplish this result.
 CAMPAIGN BEARS FRUIT l More eggs were received at New York during the first half of this year than I during the first six months of any pre- vious year since 1911. From January i
 to July l, 1918, the receipts of eggs at l New York amounted to 3,112,305 cases, an average increase of So,913 cases over | the first six months of the seven pre-
 ceeding years. Taking New York re- ceipts as an indication of the production | throughout the United States this shows | that the campaign started last fall by l poultry specialists of the United States
 department of agriculture Is already /, bearing fruit If the advice given in this
 campaign is widely followed. say the de-
 partment specialists, there should be n very considerable increase in the stock ] of laying hens in the country next win 1 ter There should also be a very marked
 increase in the receipts of fresh eggs
 at the leading markets in January and ] February This, with the better results which it is believed will be secured by | this years experience in keeping pou.- ] try, probably will increase production
 so that the requirements of the country | for eggs and poultry in 1919 will be met. | OUTLOOK GOOD FOR RAISERS | Nine per cent fewer eggs were in hand
 on July 1, 1918. as compared to July 1, i 1917, in the 462 cold storage plants which i recently made reports to the bureau of markets. The movement of eggs from l Storage for consumption purposes be- | gan nearly month earlier this year ] than usual This condition, according l to poultry specialists of the United | States department of agriculture, should | be "a special incentive to every poultry producer to work faithfully for good pro- duction in the early winter
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Steps in cleaning and cutting up a chicken

Cleaning chickens-the housewifes ev- erlasting bugaboo-loses half its terrors when done by this quick and economical method. There is a real art in drawing and cutting up a chicken for cooking or canning. By carefully following the directions given here, the entire digestive tract is removed without coming in con tact with the meat; and the flesh and bones from whole bird may be fitted neatly into quart jar.
 The bird should not be fed for A hours before killing. It should be killed by sticking in the roof of the mouth and picked dry. When the feathers have been removed and the pin feathers drawn, the bird should be cooled rapidly. As soon as it has been properly cooled it should be snged and washed careful ly with brush and light soap suds, f necessary.
 CUTTING UP AND DRAWING
 l. Remove the wings after cutting off the tips at the first joint.
 2. Remove the foot, cutting at the kn se joint.
 3. Remove the leg at the hip or sad dle joint. 5.Cut through the neck bone at the head with a sharp knife, being careful not to cut the windpipe or gullet. With the index finger separate the windpipe and gullet from the neck, and cut through the skin to the wing opening Leave the head attached to the win | pipe and gullet and loosen these from the neck down as far as the crop. 6. With a sharp-pointed knife cut around the shoulder blade, pull it out of position and break it. '. Find the white spots on the ribs and cut along them through the ribs. Cut back to and around the vent and loosen it.
 8. Leaving the head attached, loosen the windppe, gullet and crop, and re- move the digestive tract from the bird pulling it back toward the vent. Re move the lungs and kidneys with the point of a knife and cut off the neck close to the body.
 9. Cut through the backbone at the joint or just above the diaphragm and remove the oil sack.
 10 Separate the breast from the back bone by putting through on the white spots and break.
 the breast bone Bend in the bones of the breast bone.
 PACKING FOR CANNING
 Use quart jar. Pack the saddle with a thigh inside; the breastbone with a thigh inside; the backbone and ribs With leg inside, the leg large end down ward, alongside the breastbone; the wings: the wishbone; the fillets; the neckbone Do not pack the giblets with the meat.
 Directions for the home canning of chicken, meats, soups, fruits and vege- tables may be found in farmers bulla- tins of the United States department of agriculture, and will be supplied free of charge to anyone writing for them to the division of publications
 DUCKS FOR MEAT AND EGGS
 The Pekin breed is kept almost exclu- sively by producers of green ducks, and also on many farms where they are
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Value of Farm Bureaus


 County farm bureaus, 725 strong, with membership of over 300,O00, are bringing to the United States dc partment of agriculture and the state agricultural colleges the organized help of patriotic American farmers in planning and executing the agricultu- ral production and conservation pro- gramme. During the last year, with the help of the department and the col leges, 497 new bureaus were organized to meet the war needs, and the mem- bership increased from 9s000 to it's present figure. Tn the new county farm bureau is found local agency in which the entire extension move ment of the county centers and where the county agent. the home demonstra- tior agent. the leader of boys and girls club work and the farm manage ment demonstrator work hand in hand with the farmers and their families in all matters relating to the advance ment of agricultural. home and com munity life.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
DAY OF AWAKENING IS HERE
By 

Educational and Co-Operative union.
 degree of doubt and suspicion which
 makes it necessary for those who have i really his best interest at heart to sup 1 pess the courage of Spartans and the pa
 tience of Job if they are to accomplish anything in forcing. those who live be- cause of him to give at least the sem
 blance of even handed Justice.
 | Right here let me say that farmers | are at last waking up on this matter 1 of leadership and this means that the end of those who are so adept in pulling the wool over their eyes and then ex- plotting them for their own selfish ends, | is in sight
 l It is charged that as business mer 1 the farmers are notable as failures and some really present facts and figures which seem to prove this but I happen I to know that among more than eighty 1 thousand business ventures in farmers unions now being conducted by them along cooperative lines there have been 1 less than a half dozen failures within tie last year.
 Sc thoroughly do some become con vinced that the farmer is a rank busi- ness failure that every now and then one will dispose of his town or city holdings, closs up shop and with his perfectly helpless family hike it back | 7
 and proceed to teach the grinning indi- vidual by precept and example, how to do things iii business way. That those ventures are not always as disastrous as they seem to be is evidenced by the fact that after our somewhat conceited altruist has gotten together what the sherim left him and has returned a sad der but wiser man. to begin again the work of farming the farmer instead Of farming the farm, the farmer picked up some really good ideas and in his own conservative way will profit by them. So takes, we, all of us are slowly learn ing and in time there win be better understanding all around, better meth ods will gradually supplant those that now retard our development, farmers will learn to distinguish between spurious and real friends the consumer will come to see that a more direct line of communi- cation between himself and the producer is absolutely the best interest of all and
 that a higher and better civilization
 must be built upon cooperative lines
 Perhaps in the worlds history there has never been a time when men who
 think clean thoughts and live clean
 lives have been needed as they are now and any man or set of men who
 for their own selfish ends lends his energies to keeping the common peo- ole apart in this crisis will ultimately bs tra pied underfoot.
 Safety rather than danger is lodged with the great farming class of our
 country and there is no possible chance of their becoming a source of danger unless they are heckled, de- ceived, imposed upon, and led by
 leaders whose only qualifications fo- ment d;scord and stir up strife.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Record Year for Canning

Reports from manufacturers of canning supplies who have conformed to recom-
 mendations of the Cnlted States ds-
 partment of agriculture in the making If
 equipment indicate that the interest in home canning is increasing rapidly.
 There is q widespread demand for more equipment that will save labor and time In canning. It is estimated that there has been durns the year q 50 per cent
 increase in the number of firms mana-
 facturins home canning supplies, an av-
 eFAga increaae of 2o per cent in tho quality ol equipment sold. and. an in
 crease of so0 per cent in the demand for rubpers of standard quality Some of the denartments canning instructions have been puhlished by outside parties in 10 dlherent languages and more than loo buginsss coneefns have xrepyinted the dtypctions for free distributfon to their
 employees and customers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Winter Killing of Wheat

J
 An average of 10 per cent of the area annually sown to wheat is abandoned on account of winter kill. Much of this abandonment can be prevented and the Liberty wheat harvest of 1919 increased by planting wheat in the right kind ot soil. Winter killing is usually sign of poor drainage and the worst losses oc- cur in soil that is low in humus or vegetable matter. On poorly drained soils wheat is often killed directly by the accumulation of water in low spots or is smothered by the formation of ice in winter. Wheat plants are also often heaved out of the ground by the alter nate freezing and thawing in the fall or spring. this being due to the formation of ice in soils saturated in water. Spf- ficient moisture should be present for good growth but all water in excess of this amount should be promptly removed by proper drainagai Better drainage results from the improved physical con ditlon of the soil in which humus i
 plentiful.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Uncle Sam Supplies Films

One motion picture film Is now being supplied every two weeks by the Unit sd States department of agriculture for se lease in the Universal Screen Magazine. These films show in an interesting and educational manner some of the activt- ties of the department and of the im- portant lessons which the department IS trying to teach. Films that have Al. ready been released show work of the pig clubs, road building, forest fire pre- vention, poultry management. cattle and sheep grazing on the national forests. types of horses. cooperative berry growing in the Pacific northwest, the goverhment's method of tree planting on the national forests, how the depart : ment regulates logging on the nationsl 4forests. and the work of the forest ranger.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Cottage Cheese

Throusn the efforts of home demonstra- ,tion agents. special cottage cheese days have been established at curb markets il, several cities in Virginia The country women make up special lots of cottage cheese fer these days and the city women sknow that they will be able to buy d freshly made product at that time. in Fayetteville, Ark, grocer advertises h regular market day as Cottage Cheese Day Farm women who have received in st'uction frc.n the home demonstration agent provide him with good prodac. for his customers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Bull Associations

Farmers are taking advantage of the opportunity to use pure-bred bulls af- forded them by membership in CO., operative bull association. Eight is the net increase of cooperative bull asso- citations for the year ended June 90, 1918, and eight others are now in pro- cess of organization, according to ths dairy division of the United States de- pertinent of agriculture. On July l., this year, 43 associations were in op- eration, $ compared to 36 on July l, 1917. one association in operation last year being disorganized. Fieldmen. county agents, and others working in cooperation with the department have had part in establishing these assc- citations. There is an average of five pure- bred bulls in each organization and an average of 225 dairy cows
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29

-'HsAVAhaA Ak~ShuChA VA thC R &t tAAUA ? Because farmers have a peculiar ant at times a most disconcerting way when occasion seems to- demand, ol rising up and playing havoc with "the best laid plans of mice and men" ane then, after having re-established the fear of God in the hearts of men, laps ing into state of seeming profound in difference and inactivities some have the idea that they are lacking in tha, quality of stickability in their makeup which is necessary in holding them to- gether in an organized body.
 Hardly 3 day passes in the more than IA years that l have served as a repre- sentative of one of their organizations that this has not been ding-donged into my ears either as a question or as a statement of fact.
 Being a farmer myself and having gone n1and out among them for all these participating bread with them in their homes, counseling with them i'll thcii lodge rooms, aiding a s best I could In their business adventures and listen ing to their expressed ideas touching things that directly or remotely con- cerned them I am free to say that this charge is untrue and that as class they will stand Loyalty by each other in all and every emergency Farmers are no more honest or dishonest than men in other fields of endeavor. The per centage of downright fools among them is about on par with the rest of man kind and taking their restricted meets and bounds into consideration, they are just as broad minded as those whose horizons are more extended. As matter of fact it is my observation that their sympathies are somewhat more in eyi- dence than among those who do not live SO closely to nature.
 The great majority of them are more than willing to meet the rest of the world on Tive and let live" basis, and because they are really willing to do this they fail to- see the necessity of keeping themselves on war foot ing against those whom they have a right to regard as their friends While this, is true the farmer has through bitter experience learned as some who have found out, that the rather foxy trick of sleeping with one eye open serves a good purpose at least
 The farmer as rule is q peace loving animal and 1t takes great prov ocation to rouse him to action and then it must be clearly shown him that the battle is one of defense, for he has ever shown a willingness to attend strict ly to his own affairs, and war of coruuest is utterly abhorent to him.
 Holding as they do to the balance of power they are best on every hand by all manner of men from the most wild eyed cranks with, a hatful of hob bies to the most resigning and scrupui- ous politician, and the wonder is that he has not raised more hell on earth than he has,
 He has so often been misled by hypo- critical, time serving leaders that he has come to regard men and things with
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
What Is Prevention Worth

Tradition has it that the value of pre-
 venting and combating disease is in the ratio of IS to i; in other words, Ian ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.A As matter of fact, this estimate is too low probably 160 to l would he much nearer the truth. In spite of this fact, however, preventive measures are not so well known or so effective that disease can always be pre- vented. If animals get sick call the To- cal Veterinarian or county agent 1t once. As a war emergency as well as good business practice. disease losses should be prevented as far as possible.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Keep Zinc From Preserves

Do nos use gslvanized utensils in mak- ing preserves. jellies or fruit puices. shs bureau of chemistry. of the United States derart.nent or agriculture advises. Soma cf the zinc with which the vessels ire [ alvanized may be changed to salts of Zinc. which will give the product an acid and astringent taste and renlar it unsuitable for human use Moreover, the dissoiving of this zinc coating tends to ruin the container. The use of gal vanized utensils for boiling down fruit juice is especially risky.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
CAUSE OF CREAMERY SUCCESS

who now deliver their cream daily dur i.;g the simmer and every other day dur. ins tie winter. A n. n..n1oer of creamer. ies which churn the first and secon1 grade cream separately, showed an ave- age increase in price of 36 cents poun, for the butler churned from the first grade cream. Shipment of butter to mar ket usually was made in iced refrigera tors freisht cars.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Raise Best Heifer Calves

The war has greatly increased the demand for dairy products. and 1t Is also important that they be produced economically. In order that the quan- tity of dairy products may be large and the production economical, more and better cows are needed. The rais- ing of all the best heifer calves will provide cows enough to permit the culling out of all low producers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Seven Miles Away
FFem tAp Los Angelss Times.

HKt0W tNp I1oS AMgeI2S 1Jm09. 3e9 An American colonel. newly arrived In FrAnce. on his first tour of inspec- ,ticn. approached q sentinel squatting Sbehipd hedge and started to question him. ..a
 E Tho Yankee shot back . reply in |
 hqsky whisper. lmm sdtAtely the col |onel &latteBed out on the grQund with
 moro haate than Atgnity
 I After ezchanEing faw hrsa athless
 vhtspers withs tho sentineL She colonel WhtppeFed. s*ss N
 s'tlsw m IT. tAs HuAe xteh hsrs r
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Something State Needs

It is estimated by the Wisconsin College of Agriculture that there were 10000 silos built in Wisconsin las; year. making for that state a tota; of 10000. While Wisconsin claims more siios than any other state. y-- this number feeds only half her COW There is satisfaction in the fact that the silos are gaining on the cows, but there is still room for further improvement and this year should see a greater gain.
 IrorwoTkers in Brooklyn shipyards max.s from $50 to sl0O week.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Club Members in Michigan

The increase in membership in boys and girlS clubs in one state during ! five years is typical of the way the work Is advancing in other sections Of the country.
 The records of enrolment in Michi-
 gan are as follows; In l913-l4. 1860; 2 l9l4-16. sle0; 1s16-1s. bS2O; 1e1s-17.
 1&slso:. 1sl7-17. s1.ooo
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29
Far Frop Angry

From the Boston Transcript.
 She I'm afraid papa was very angsy when you asked him for ma Jack. dear.
 He-Not at all: he asked me If couldn't introduce A couple of young mon who lmight take your two sisters off his hande.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29

for market from a dirty. in-ventilated cellar. Time, money. and work spent in growing a crop are wasted if the potatoes are stored where dead pota- toes are carrying over the organism that cause rots. Dry rot attack newly stored potatoes through bruises and wounds and spreads throughout the stored supply.
 MANY CELLARS POLLUTED
 Many farmers, 1t is stated, have eel lars that now contain piles of sacks of potatoes. all rotten, sacks and all, and constituting wet, foul mass that helps to decay the timbers and men- aces the crop to be stored.
 y While there is no way to estimate the loss due to the neglect and un- cleanliness in potato storage, 1t is known to amount to great deal, not only in spoiled human food but in rotten sacks. and in actual money spent in the labor of handling unmar- ,ketable material. and in lowered mar ket value of what is left to put on sale. There never was a time. urges the de- partment. when something to eat was So valuable as now, and when so much effort has been expended in food pro- auction. For the same reasons there never was time when the prevention f this waste was SO important.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29

Expeyiments have shown that rood pepsr cAn ha zaaAe ef gfapsyinA V
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-29

The Pekin breed is kept almost exclu- sively by producers of green ducks, and also on many farms where they are
New-York tribune., 1918-10-06
Germany Makes Plea for Truce;
Vienna Seeks Immediate Peace
On Wilson's Announced Term.
Liberty Lean
Prospectus
ATROCITY TX

\ 7 CAMPENHOUT three Ger
"A man cavalry officers entered
the house of a well-to-do merchant
who was known to have a good
vine cellar. bryce Report, page
43.) Having drunk ten bottles of
champagne, they called in six more
officers and continued the carouse
on larger scale. Suddenly one of
the officers called for the society of
the merchant and his wife. The
servant tells the rest as follows:
Immediately my mistress came
in one Of the officers who was sit
ting on the floor got up, and, put
ting his revolver to my mistress's S
temple, shot her dead. The officer
was drunk. The other officers con-
tinued to drink and sing. The Off
GER who shot my mistress then told
my master to dig a grave and bury
her. My master and the officer
went into the garden, the officer
threatening my master with a pis-
toll"
So the merchant buried his wife
in the garden, and the German Off
GER, in the role of undertaken and
master of ceremonies, was singing
all the time"
When the Germans are out of
Belgium what reunion the Bel
gians will have with their dead,
New-York tribune., 1918-10-06
BUY! BUY! BUY!

Americas homo thrust for the
finances of victory yielded 81 ,O97 OIL
$50 in the first six days Of the drive
In the next two weeks of campaigning
S4902,3SS $50 Will have to be raised to
attain the objective sought by Secrc-
tary McAdoo, the commander in chief
of the financial forces of the nation
The gain for the sixth day. which was
Friday, was S242 ,472,7 $50, which was the
largest daily increase yet reported. The
rate in which the subscriptions have
been coming in has been progressively
improving, yet the loan is far behind it's
schedule.
"While the actual sales through all
agencies probably is somewhat in cx-
ccss Of this tigurc,' a statement issued
from the national Liberty Loan head
quorters in Washington last night said.
"the results obtained in the drive thus
far arc not highly encouraging. The
campaign now has gone through seven
worX,ng days although reports for
only six have been compled) and only
twelve more working days remain.
Daily Averages Must Increase
Approximately $4,000 600, 900 in sub
scriptions still must be raised if the
total amount asked by Secretary Nc
Adoo is obtained. The daily average
which must be achieved between new