Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-11-24
.sIMPL|FIE:D LESSONS IN
CARE OF AUTOMOBILE
Expert Illustrates Reasons for Noises
in Engines and Result OF
In;iicatCd Troubles.
SHOULD BIZ GIVEN ATTENTION
Kissing, Dull Pounding, Knocking,
Tapping. Growing and Squeezing
s; All Have Their several Causes and
4 Are symptoms To BE Regarded
AUTO LESSON 40. IFS.


II is said that. while people on a
station platform wish To put their
hands over their ears when locomo-
tive and its train ruSncS past. that the
engineer is familiar with each sound
+. OF his ioCom5tiNv and can detect ANY
new noise. even though the noise DC
Very slieht. In fact he Keeps his loco
motive IL condition and requests tnat
repairs be maze. almost entirely be-
cause of The noises liz hears.
In The same way this ,Sivcr OF an
auto VIII soon learn to detect any new
noise, though he generally has MUCH
difficulty III locating from where 1t
comes, and in oetvI.nining whether o.
not ,hc NOISE IS au indication that AN
immediate repair should be made.
Engine noises might ID" uiNidCd into
the following kinds: Kissing. duh
pounding, knocking tapping or click
ing. grinding or growing, and squeak
The Kissing viii generally Indicate
that either Tho cNhs,u$r manifold is
loose or cracked. allowing the exhaust
= gases 10 csCap, at l. or / OF 'ic il!uS-
tration; tina, tGeSe .as"s 4 e>canins
between valve stem ,.mG gGde at w or
that there is lcAkagc q. the exp Udtd
gases. ghiS leakage might lac At the
spark plug. either through the plug IL
SELF as At y. or pas; the threads aud
Easket Al. frightening oH replacing Is
threads Il ur til ourh the valve at IfB
The stem may also be broken AT
Amen again tft 41bh..C = may 10 ''aS'
the threads and @asltct Of the valve
caps. as at Z, past III" valves. or the
piston rings. The latter leakage IN,
be due to the rings having lost their
elasticity, TO being broken. worn
scratched (scorcd) TO having the Slot
In lire or 20 carbon getting III the
grooves. rs the air enters the auNilinr
valve OF the cnrburetcr there will as
be hiss. hut this is quickly Recognized
the same hciur 'rn" OF the hiss due 10
atearinC radiator.
HISS USUALLY INDICATES
LOSS OF COMPRESSION
With the exception Of the hiss due 10
the exhaust manifold. valve stem! ana
carhuretor. hiss is generally Il sign OF
loss OF compression ana therefore loss
The dur pounding, noise is generally
en- indication that fine mixture is too
rich: that the spark is too far advanced:
that there Is carbon in the cylinder or
on the piston head, as at u, or valve
The knock is generally sound Which
should be rega rdcd as a danger signal
as 1t is generally sign that some part
subject to the fun force of the cN-
preston is loose. Failure to lorpte IT,
"A kpock may b" duo to II worn or
broken wiist-pir hushing |: worn or
fnEoKen CONNECTING rod bearing J; loose
Hasrne ' car Il xo or to 'o%s %sc nn nn
time gear; or hw-whecii'to play in the
10 loose cylinder blocks. Cf course
there can he innumcrable o;h"r ways
such as nuts or even tools being left
IN The engine when rcOai"s @r" made
or using long bodied SHARK -riug when
3. short should he used. ,hus having
tn, .rnl,Y,E hi, by the waive head
Whtle many stunts" and devices are
constantly being eiv"n, to lnratc
knocks, 1t IS the writer's opinion that
the novice should let an cNroricncrd
through the metal OF au engine md
seem to com" from an aitoc"iNor dtr-
fcrcrt spot than IL actuaIlv does and
;" a really dangerous knock. may be-
considered harmless. \ knock is II sit-n
OF Danger to the engine
TAP OR CLICK USUALLY
Sign o" WORN PART
Like N" knock the tap or click Is
EsneraIiE a sign Of Il loose or worn
part., but the part is generally one
"hich is not under SO great a load and
VIII most often come irC!u some por-
ton OF the valve mechanism Probably
50 Der cent Of the taps are due to the
valve adjusting nuts not being pr"ner
~ set. so that there * a space between
the valve stem and nut. at l. The
clearance here should be about TINT.
Of ihe thickness Of riccc 81 manila
Que 10 the surfaces al T. being worn at
an angle. causing II sid SLAM Of the
valve stem against its uuids at w. or
~ Inc push rod agtinSt its guide ut
y. u" a hrok = -Snr-rE, -: to worn roll
Ter. @: to chifSNcG &. az Il: 10 worm cam
shaft tearir-cs-- u, WON halr.inc .rc,r
key. ;: TO Il siappr7c uhain. /. 10 I6osc
tir broken piston RINGS -. or 10 n nision
siap, which j. caused ny worn piston
ana Cylinder. IN" piston Sian will give
rom !. snEhi tanning sound to "a dis
AS rule ~ 'ru * yot dar~o-cu. IN,