davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
u. S. Salvage Plants
Save 100000 Daily
General Pershing Tells of the
Work Behind the Lines
in France

WASHINGTON. Oct. 3o.--In express
ing the gratitude of the American
cXpeditionary forces "to the millions
OF men. women and children in Amer
.ca who are doing without things in
order that the war may be more eff
GENTLY prosecuted" General Pershng
to-day in a cablegram to Secretary
McAdoo told of the results being ac-
compllshed by the American military
salvage plants in France
Inc salvage service is effecting a
saving to the Government considera
Diy IN exces of 100000 each day.
SAID Gen. Pershing. But the saving
IN money while of great Importance
is not the vital part of the work. We
are saving material imperatvely need
ed at the front, material that no ex-
pendlture of money can immediately
replace. We are directlv savinr ocean
tonnage which is seriously needed
every every week and indirectly releasing
Ia laoor 1or service in the shipyards, on
the railroads and in other essential
industries IN the United States"
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Belgian Refugees Trudge
so Miles to Safety in Holland
Pathetic Scenes Are Enacted Thousands Cross Frontier
Fleeing From Wrath of Defeated and
Retreating German Army

AMSTERDAM, Oct. 30.-Whcn the
German retirement in Belgian Flanders
began it was expected that 250,OOO
refugees would seek safety in Holland.
Up till Saturday night, however, only
small fraction of this number had
arrived. At that time about 1000 had
passed through the wire gates marking
the Dutch Belgian frontier. On Friday
alone 1896 arrived. All but thirteen
were French people from the districts
of Nalcnclennes, Douai, Cambrai and
Quesnoy.
There is no congestion. as in 1914,
when the mass of refugees from Bel
GUM threatened to overwhelm the hur-
riedly organized bands Of willing help
prS.
This time the stream began to trickle
in slowly. At first several hundreds
arrived each day, but the number has
now increased to thousands However,
there has been time to organize at all
frontier centres Of the Dutch provinces
of Brabant and Limbourg food depots
in charge of committees cooperating
with the Dutch Red Cross. Doctors
and nurses also were sent to the bor-
der and they are being assisted by
Sisters Of Mercy from the converts in
the southern provinces of Holland
Two Main Streams
SO far there has been two main
streams. some thirty miles apart. One
point of entry is where the Dutch
provinces of Brabant and Limbourg
meet and the other is across the Mouse
River into Maastricht. the capital OF
Limbourg province. At these points
the fugitivcs are registered by the mil
itary authorities and must undergo a
physical examination
The spectacle OF the many travel
stained war victims toiling through the
mud and rain was moving, and the suf-
ferings of the old and infrm men, women
and children on the 15O-mile tramp
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
1t. Stokes Again Wounded
Hit for Third Time When in
Battle

For the third time in six months
Lieutenant Frederick B. Stokes. 1921
Infantry, son of Frederick A. Stokes.
the publisher. mas been wounded i"
action. His latest jury is slight and
will not keep him from the nr.ng line
for long.
Lieutenant Stokes was struck in the
head by she'll splinter during the
battle of Seicheprey, late in April 1t
was feared at that time that he would
lose his eyesight. Six weeks later he
was wounded again, soon after his re-
turn to the battle line.
Captain Joseph S. Bach, Quarter
masters Corps, killed in action, was
tifty-one years old and lived in Hast
ings-on Hudson. He was a wealthy
glass importer before the war. His
wife and three children survive him.
Lieutenant Harry l.. Conway, died of
wounds. He is the first of the officers
Of the old list New York to give his
life for his country. He was twenty
nine years old and served with the
regiment at the border.
Corporal John J. Martin, wounded
was for for, many years headquarters man
for "The Evening Journal" While
training at Camp Upton he enjoyed the
reputation of being the smallest man
IN the cantonment.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
lake kaleh Sherghat After
Fierce Fighting With
Turks
Beat Back Heavy
Counter Attacks
Enemy Driven From His
Positions ON Banks of
Tigris

LONDON, Oct. 3O-The Turks were
heavily engaged by the British Tues
day north of Kaleh Sherghat (sixtv-
ilVe miles south of MosuN, the official
report on the Mesopotamian opera
tons says. The British captured 900
Turks. Turkish communications with
Mcsul have been cut.
The statement saws:
On Saturday evening our cavalry
moving up the east bank OF the Tigrs
forded the river north of Kaleh Sherg-
nat, joined the armored cars which
approached from the west and es-
tabllshed themselves astride the Tur-
kish communications with Mosul.
Here they were heavily attacked
by the Turks on Monday, and, though
the right flank had to withdraw, they
succeeded in defeating all attempts to
drive them off the road. In the evening
they were reinforced by troops from
the eastern bank, which enabled them
to restore the situation completely.
"The same day we advanced up the
western bank Of the Tigris, and after
a long and difficult march attacked
and drove Turks from their positions
three miles south O kaleh Sherghat
and captured the village
ss'On Tuesday the pursuit continued.
The Turks were heavily engaged five
miles north Of Kaleh Sherghat. where
they put up stubborN defence in
broken ground and ravines. BY night
fall we had penetrated deeply into the
enemy positions, and a portion of his
force which attempted to escape to the
northwest was cut off by our cavalry
from the north who captured 1000
prisoners and much materially
Mosul is a city of $4,000 population,
on the right bank of the Tigris, 220
miles northwest Of Bagdad. AT the
outbreak of The war in 1914 Mosul
was the western terminus of the east
ern link of the then unconpleted Ber-
lin to Bagdad railroad. In the past
two years the unfinished stretch CT
the road between Aleppo and Mosul
has been put into operation.
Mosul has long been trading cen
tre. The word muslin originated from
the name of the town, where cotton
weaving was once an important bust
ness
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31

were intense. Most Of the French ci-
villains had been on the road month
others six weeks or two months. All
the French spoke of the kindness of
me Belgian people, who shared their
food with them.
The fatigues of the journey were
tGo much for some of the travellers
Inc weaker ones died on the way, and
few others succumbed soon after
reaching the hospitable soil of Holland
MANY OF the refugees are suffering
rom rom grip and bronchial affections.
ne worst cases had been given mme-
diate assistance at the nearest hos
pitfalls and converts.
Carries Dead Child
Many pathetic incidents occurred
during the march. Among the refugee $
reaching the Dutch border was a
young mother with the body of her
lx-month- old babe clasped to her
breast. The babe had died four days
previously, but the mother refused to
bury the body in soil held by the en-
emy: An old woman Of Cambrai trav-
elled for three weeks in a chair tied
on cart. Scarcely had she reached
neutral SOIL when the cart was over
turned and the woman was killed.
10 distribute the fugitives in Hol-
land the government last week ordered
'he burgomasters of Deventer, Assem-,
Iutphen and other provincial towns
1urther north to arrange to accommo-
date refugees to the extent of 2 per
cent. OF the population of the towns.
10 these centres the fugitives are now
beng taken in fourteen special trains.
each carrying 1000 persons.
At Maastricht great crowds welcomed
Inc refugees bV SlNOinfr H'Tha Morco H.
laise" and the "Brabanconne," and
loaded them with food and dainties.
The French Minister at The Hague
has been investigating the possibility
of repatriatng the refugees to France
through the liberated section of Bel
sium, but the plan is not yet feasible,
as bridges have been blown up and the
railways and tramways are in no con-
dition for use.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Bulgar Atrocities
In Macedonia Rival
Those of Germans
Fire, Famine, Murder and
Destruction Reported in
Wake of Army
Especial Dispatch to The Tribune

Especial Dispatch to The Tribune)
WASHINGTON, Oct. 3o.-A telegram
from Athens to the Greek legation to-
day says:
doctor Pazis Deputy from Seres
and Vice Pres dent of the Greek House
Of Representatives who has just re-
turned from a visit to Eastern Mace
donia, described the inhuman measures
taken by the Bulgarians, knowing the
attachment of the population tc
Greece, to Bulgarize it. Deportation
en- masse, abandonment of the in.
habitants to famine, murders and de-
struction of villages situated far from
the war zone were resorled to, meas
ures which would not have been taken
II the population of Eastern Macedonia
had been Bulgarian.
Initiating the institution of the
Janissaries, the Bulgarians gathered up
great numbers of Greek children, whose
parents were starving, and took them
to Bulgaria without intjmating their
destination to their parents
"Agaia Nouli, fourteen years old,
whose father was the Mayor of Bour-
gade Vetrlna, saw him murdered by the
Bulgarians. She and her mother were
attacked by several Bulgarian officers.
TO their complaint the Bulgarian COM
mand gave the following answer:
"I have left my mules free to
browse wherever they find good grass
The mother was killed, subsequently,
end the young girl wounded The lat
ter, arrested with her Younger sister.
was taken to Seres. where, without re-
cciving any treatment for her wound.
she and her sister were held in bondage
by Bulgarian officers
1T is established that Eftimia Zerika.
a wealthy Greek Of Sercs, was put to
death OH railroad by being runovcr
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Alliance a part of
German Staff's Plan"

According to Gustavus Ohlinger, prin-
cpal witness before the Senate com
mitsec, the alliance was "a part of the
plan Of the German General Staff.
According to the "Mittcilungen," the
official bulletin of the alliance, "the
National Alliance leads the battle
against Anglo SaXonism, against the
fgnatical slaves of political and per
sonal liberty. 1t battles against mar
row hearted. dark knownothingism
against the British influence, against
the zealotism which sprang from Eng
land. against the slavery of Puritan
ism"
A another time "Thc Bulletin" said
Every secretary should make. it his
holy task to devote himself to
the problem of uniting the Germanism
IN this land into a great and mighty
ono whose voice and counsel
Will be dominating and whose anger
every one Will fear and avoid"
This was the organization the brew
crs supported-in secret. Their sup
ncrt was ostenslbly for the aid the al
lance could give in the fight against
prohibition, and there seems to have
been a wide belief among the Germans
that Germanism and beer were inscp-
arabic in life or death. Mr.. Ohlingcr
told the Senators that "thcy say that
Deutschtum and the preservation of
Deutschtum depend upon being wet
When a state goes dry the German
spirit dries up. That has been brought
out repeatedly
Trail of the Brewers
Carefully Camouflaeed
The whole transaction was most care
luliy covered up. Dr. Hcxamcr, presi-
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Punish Germans
To Assure Peace,
Demand of Writer
Correspondent Who Saw
Russia's Collapse Favors
Drastic Terms
Retribution for Havoc
Soldiers Will Be Disappointed
in Anything Less Than
Surrender

That retribution for Germany would
prove more sure means of insuring
lasting peace than merely "uncon-
dtional surrender" was the keynote
of the remarks made last night by
Robert Wilton, correspondent for "The
London Times" in Russia for the last
fifteen years.
Mr. Wilton, who arrived in New
York recently from London after a
visit to the French front expressed
the opinion that any peace based on
u less secure foundation than "uncon-
ditional surrender" would arouse a
feeling of general indignation.
Even unconditional surrender is
not without its drawbacks" he said.
ut will not only enable the Germans
to escape retribution, but it may seri-
ously affect the Russian situation. The
Germans have taken advantage of the
revolution they helped in every way
to promote to extend their vested in
terests.
Sees Enemy's Havoc
Before leaving London I visited
France and went to the front, and
from my impressions among the Allied
soldiers, both IN England and in
France, | am strongly of the opinion
that peace concluded on any other
terms than unconditional surrender
would produce feeling of general in
dlgnation. | went over all the ground
from Chateau Thierry to scissors. In
the vicinity of the American advance
the wilful havoc caused by the Ger
mans cannot be adequately described.
1T VIII take years to repair the
damage. After seeing this spectacle of
deliberate destruction | cannot bring
myself to believe that the men who
ave been fighting the Germans will
Sccept a peace that will enable Ger
many TO escape retribution. In NV
OPINION any concession that may be
MADE by Germany to her people in re-
gard to the form of government-even
II 1T assumes the form of a socialistic
republlc-will not eradicate the aq-
gressive spirit from the German nation
unless Just rctribution is meted ont I"
Mr.. Wilton left Russia, where he had
llved for twenty seven years, in Sen
tember last year. He came to this
country believing that he had an i'm
portant message concerning the Rus
sian situation for the American peonle
lie hopes to obtain permission to give
lectures on the subject here.
Friendly Feeling Gratifies
He expects to remain in the United
States for some weeks and then ret,1rn
to Vladivostok.
During the time I have been in New
York have been gratfied to note that
Americas feelings toward Russia are
so sympathetic and friendly" he said
lhe cruX of the situation is that 30
per cent of the mass of the Russian
people are llllterate and the recent M
heaval has left the country without anv
leadership. am sanguine as regards
the future. provided the Russians are
able to get rid OF the German influence
in the country.
81 feel sure that the friendly feelinrs
of the United States toward Russia
VIII assume practical form and be of
the greatest service to the two coun-
tries, but it is important that Russian
conditions should be carefully studied
so that the assistance should be given
N the right way
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Shrapnel Hits Airplane
Americans Land in Neutral
Territory Without Injuries

AMSTERDAM. Oct. 3O.-Lieutena Mt
Frank Nelms, of Philadelphia, and Lieu
York, who were interned at the Hague
after making a forced landing near
Schoondyke, in Dutch Flanders, on
Sunday afternoon, were flying in an
American naval bombing biplane of the
latest type. The Americans had started
from Calais and were dropping bombs
on the German lines in Flanders when
their machine was struck by bursting
shrapnel at height of 5000 feet.
Pieces Of shen hit the propeller and
also made holes in the benzine tank.
The biplane landed safely and neither
OcCupant was hurt
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Cancel Contracts
For Troopships
Worth $60,000,O 900
Board Orders the Work
Stopped on Great Gov
ernment Plant at
Alameda

WASHINGTON, Oct. 80 by The AS
sociated Press) s).-Cancellation of con-
tracts for S6O,0OO,OOO worth of troop
ships which were to have been built at
a new government shipyard at Alameda,
Cal, and the stopping of the work of
building that plant were announced to-
day by Chairman Hurley, of the Ship
ping Board. Work on the ward began
early last July.
Decision not to build the troop ships
was reached some three weeks ago, Mr..
Hurley said. because it was realized
that they could not be delivered before
1920 and would be of little use in the
military programme. 1t also was
agreed that operation of the new ship
yard might temporarily, at least, re-
duce the output of the several large
wards already operating in that dis
trict. and for that reason it was de-
cided not to build the plant
The new yard at Alameda, the chair
man continued, was to be created
wholly out Of government funds, to be
owned by the Emergency Fleet Corpor-
alton, and to be turned over for opera
ton to the Bethlehem Shipbuilding
Company, acting as the superintendent
of the feet corporation.
Mr.. Hurley also said that at the
time the War Department asked for
the large troop ships. the shipping
board authorized enlargements of the
New York Shipbuilding Companv's S
plant at Camden, n j., and Of the
Bethlehem Company's Sparrow's Point
yard for the building of some of the
ships. Extension of the latter plant
has been completed, but that of the
Camden yard has been ordered cur
tailed in the line with the policy not
to turn out ships Of this type that can
not be made use of before 1920.
Plans for bringing the troops home
after the war contemplate the conver-
sion OF large steel freightcrs into tenn
porary transports, so that the original
number of troop ships will be needed
even for that purpose.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
The Brewexs Who Backed
Brisbane Supported-in Se-
cret-the KaiserS Pet
Organization Here
ARTICLE w

I ARGE, effective and direct support
~ by the brewing interest in Amer
ica OF the pro German, anti-American
propaganda of sedition and disloyalty
stands out from even the little that is
known of the actual workings of its
vicious political machinery This ap-
pears in its support of the National
German-American Alliance. whose char
ter was revoked by Congress after
hearings before a sub committee of the
Senate Committee on the Judiciary
last spring had convinced the law
makers that it was menace to the
nation.
The brewers, in widely published d
advertisement, have defended them
selves from this charge by the state
ment that 1t cannot be proved that
they have contributed to this propa-
canda since this country entered the
var. But the hearings showed that the
alliance was disloyal long before hos
tiitics began; that its purposes from
the hrst were anti-American and that
J il was the foremost hacker of pro- Ger
\ manism in this country. This organ
cation for at least three years OBJ
nined the majority of its support from
funds coming from the United States
Brewers Association.
Il was in 1908, long before the war.
that the Kaiser said, as quoted by
William lie QueX in German Spies in
England: Even now l rule supreme
in the United States. where almost
one half of the population is either of
German birth or descent, and where
three million voters do my bidding at
the Presidential election No Ameri-
can Administration could remain in
mower against the will of the German
voters, who through that admirable or
eanzation, the German American Ma
tional League, control the destines of
that vast republic beyond the seas If
any man was ever worthy of the high
decoration of my hand it is DR.. Hex
amer, the president of the league, who
may justly be termed to be by my
grace the acting ruler of all the Ger
mans of the United States
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31

oty train for not having handed over
to the Bulgarian gendarmes.
The Minister of Public instruction
las also just returned from a visit to
Macedonia. He pictures the frightful
condition of the population in the
region reoccupied by the Greek army,
which finds everything nothing but
ruins. At all places the Bulsarians
committed the most frightfuI excesses.
kavalla presents terrible aspect.
More than 5000 houses were burned
by the Bulgarians and the population
was starving.
The American, English and French
giving aid to the Macedonian popula-
ton"
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Australia Asks Indemnity
Unconditional Surrender by
Germany Is Demanded

MELBOURNE, Oct. 3o.-Thc people
Of Australia will not be satisfied un-
less Germany surrenders unconditon-
ally, it is declared in resolution
unanimously passed by the City Coun-
Gil of Melbourne
The resolution requests that Great
Britain INSIST on an adequate indem
nifty for Australia, the British navy not
to permit the German flag on any ocean
until such an indemnity is paid
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
The Three Purpose.
Of the Brewers Fund

These funds were used for three pur-
poses, so far as has been shown. The
first and main purpose was the organ
ization Of branches of the alliance.
The second was the maintenance in
Washington of an Office for the use of
lobbyists of the German American AL
lance, who were, according to one of
them whose name was kept secret by
the Senate sub committee, working not
only On prohibition but "other meas
ures that may interest our as
sociatiOn."
The third was to rcsurrect from
financial death "The Bulletin' of the
alliance, the CHIEF organ of it's propa-
ganda, and provide for it's publication
during four or five critical months in
the winter Of 191617, when the ques-
ton of whether the United States
should enter the war was hanging in
the balance, and all the disloyalists
Hearsts and Brisbanes were shouting
at the. top of their lungs. Here is a
piece of the kind of thing "The Bull
letin" published while the brewers paid
the bills: 1t is republication of an
address by George Siebel, editor OF
the Pittsburgh "Volksblatt und Frc-
eitsfreund":
"Whcre were the Wilson's in the
great crisis of the Rebellion? Some
we're too proud to fight. Others were
shouldering guns for the Confcderacy
shooting down Union soldiers with
British bullets. IS it any wonder that
Wilson insists We must furnish ammu-
milton to England? He is paying off a
family debt"
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31

dent of the alliance. declared he did
not want to be identified with the deal
though he approved it; and Percy An
dre@, through whom the money came
from the brewers, said the fund was
kept separate $50 that no questions
as to the sources from which the money
came. think it is perfectly clear"
The trail from the German Anne erican
Alliance officials who handled the
money back to the brewing interests
was itself camoufaged Tin 1914 the
United States Brewers Association en-
gagged Mr.. Andrea to organize the Ma
tional Association of Commerce and
Labor. This organization handled
tremendous funds. turned over by the
brewers, IN political activity all over
the country. The amount Of the funds
has not been determined, but it has
been shown to have been over million
and half in two years.
One of the first acts of Andrea. &C
cordlng to testimony given before the
Senate committee, after the organiza-
ton was formed was to get into touch
with the German American Alliance.
1t was arranged that he should paw the
money personally to John Tjarks, chair
man of the finance committee of the
alliance who should pay it out on or
der of Joseph Keller, the vice-presi-
dent, vouchers being returned to An
drea
In three years Andrea furnished the
alliance $42,633.41, but there was re-
turn of $4,000 through contributions
some one else made for campaign in
Iowa, leaving the net total $39.O334l
This was only small part of the
money put out by the brewing interest.
but 1t was apparently more than half of
the funds used by the German-Ameri-
can Alliance, for their income for a
three-year period, approximately the
same as that covered by the brewers
subsidy, was S32,500. Thus more than
half the responsibility for the activi-
ties of the German-American Alliance
the kaiser's we'll beloved, rests on the
brewers, for that period-on the same
KIND of men that financed Brisbane.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31

WASHINGTON. Oct. 3O.-"In Albania
our troops, after beating the rear
guards of the enemy, have occupied
San Giovanni di Medua and are rapidly
advancing on Scutari." says an Italian
War Office statement received here
from Rome day.
VIENNA, Oct. 29.-"There has been
no change on the Drina 'front.'" says
an Austro-Hungaran official statement.
I'm Serbia yesterday our troops. who
were not in fighting contact with the
enemy, reached Palanka"
San Giovanni di Medua lies on the
seacoast of Albania, eighteen miles
from the Montenegrin frontier. Scutari,
d city Of $4,000 population. is twenty
two miles from San Giovanni and
twelve miles from the Montenegrin
border. The Drina River for some dis
tance forms the boundary between
Hungary and Serbia. Palanka lies in
the Mcrava Valley, in Northern Serbia,
twenty eight miles south of the Danube
and the Hungarian frontier
New-York tribune., 1918-10-31
Two New Workers Dead
With Canadian Armies

OTTAWA, Ont, Oct. 3o.-Thc fol-
lowing names of Americans appear in
to-day's overseas casualty list:
Killed in acton-T. Bowcrank, New
York City; Sergeant l.. Freddy, Lock
port, n. Y.