davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
Forward With God to Fresh Deeds
and Fresh Victories"

mean to hold what Germany has con-
quered, to retain Belgium and the mineral
lied districts of Northern France to dom
mate Poland and Serbia and to make the
war a victorious advance toward world
supremacy
In this situation it seems to me folly for
the Allies to debate among themselves
peace terms and peace aims What the
Germans hope is that the French will be
pushed into a declaration OF purpose TO
hold on until Alsace- Lorraine is won bach.
to France, to whom it rightfully belongs;
that the Italians will be driven to proclaim
their determination to regain the lost Itai-
ian lands on the east shores Of the Adri-
attic; that Britain will be led to insist {hat
she must have Palestine and Mesopotamia
to protect Egypt and India; and then that
the Germans can use these declarations 10
promote jealousies.
The truth is that all discussion of war
aims, in advance of the salvation OF he
world from the German menace, amounts
merely to words. If Germany wins The
war her aims will prevail. and we know
what they are.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
1any Thinks the Allies Stand little Chance of Winning

very promising developments will place at
the disposal of the Central Powers i'm
portant strategical reserves. The Austro-
Hungarian army, which has now been
brought to q high state of development
technically and in equipment, will be able
to make very large contributions The
situation of the (Teutonic) allies is espe-
clally improved through the disaster in
Venetia, which cost the Italians a loss of
about 100000 men, In this way breach
was made in the general front of the
Western Powers that must be made good.
and probably one-half of it has already
been filled
he Americans Are Far From
Ready to Lend Any Vital Aid
The Americans have as yet landed only
weak forces and special troops in France.
In the course Of coming months they will
continue regularly to send further small
forces. but this will not mean an army
ready for action at the front A rather
good part of the summer will have passed
before whole army can be assembled,
and even then it must be remembered
that this army, although made up Of very
brave and splendidly equipped soldiers,
must nevertheless be wholly unsatisfac-
tory for strategical operations. Kitchener
reckoned two full years for his armies {;
they learned tactics, but strategy has not
yet. even at this day, passed into their
blood Therefore, inasmuch as the Amer
leans cannot for the present be reckoned
with in filling up the Italian BREACH and
japanese assistance is still less to be eX-
pected, the reinforcement Of the Italians
had to be undertaken at the cost of the
too. which has again had to draw most
heavily upon her supply of soldiers.
Marshal Haig will probably see in this
even now no cause for widening his 'front.'
The military equilibrium has therefore
been changed in our favor through the
big increase in the strategical reserves of
the Central Powers. Central Europe has
at least till the arrival and the training
of the large American army already an
nounced-a decisive superiority, if not in
numbers, still in attacking power. at our
disposal. AS the Central Powers were
able, even in the gravest periods of the
war, to give an active character to theil
campaigns. it is evident that their strate
gical freedom of movement and activity
will be quite substantially enhanced ir
the coming stage Of the war. Where vii
the reserve masses be employed?
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

Of pessimsm was noted in Germany last
summer, before Russia collapsed, quite as
intense depression followed the failure of
the French offensive last spring, ana
French morale was temporarily at a low
cbb. We have recently seen the conse-
quences of similar depression in Italy At
the same time in Russia, in Italy, in
France and even in Britain there has been
a growth of radical and anarchistic senti-
ment Russia herself has collapsed I'm Ter
the strain Of domestic disorder Italy has
been brought to the edge of ruin, and
France has known certain disquietng mo-
mentS.
All of this the Germans know Much of
this domestic disorder in enemy countries
has had it's origin in German intrigues At
home the German autocracy is sitting
every liberal thought and every expires
sion of the moderates. Abroad German
influence and German agents are stimu-
lating every faction and every group
which seeks to break down national unity
and strength, ostensbly in the name Of
human freedom, actually, whatever the
1t is the present belief of the Germans
that by renewing their assaults on the
battlefield. by employing their new reserve
of men and guns drawn from the Russian
front, they can create the conviction among
the Allied publics that Germany is irwin
chile and that this belief will contribute
NIGHTLY to promoting war WEAKNESS and
domestic disorder in Italy France, and
even in Britain, and that this disorder, this
war WEAKNESS, will brighten the leaders of
the Allied nations into yielding to German
terms, even if it does not produce coDdi-
tions which will enable the Germans to re-
peat in France or in Italy the recent
achievements in Russia. Even another
Verdun, which did not win victory in The
field, might. in the German view, bring a
war-weary France to the point of making
a separate peace-and if France made a
separate peace Germany would escape de-
feat in the West, as she has in the East,
and, in measure at least, win the war
Now Just as no man at this time last
year could have forecast Russian col
lapse, no man can to-day forcsee what Will
happen to France, Italy or Britain. One
or all of them may go down, IS Russia has,
although nothing seems less likely or more
preposterous But it is clear. to all that
if none of those three nations collapse
during the next campaign then German
ruin is assured, and the outcome CT the
war can no longer be hidden from the Ger
man people. If next New Years Germany
faces the world in arms against her with
out any strategic reserve, with million
fresh American troops, by this time fully
equipped trained and prepared to join in
the attack her doom will be sealed.
But before this time Germany will have
approximately year in which her foes
will lack the numbers to crush her, and she
will have the numbers needed to conduct
one or several great attacks If she does
not conduct these attacks this year, # she
accepts the defensive, then she will still
be outnumbered in 1919 and condemned to
the defensive then, for her reserves are
below a million, and by no means first
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

|"e year will see the war still in progress;
r'u 'aere is every prospect that it will see
'''inany able to make Roadway against
~ enemies and in possession of Allied
','''ofy on the Western front.
Al sense, the lack of great optimism
h, we opening of the fifth campaign of the
.vrld War-and the Civil War was de-
0s0 early in the fifth campaign-is due
90 growing appreciation of what modern
really means. We recognize now, as
ua not three years ago, how stupen-
.'uS Is the task of defeating a people in
,-' and prepared for war. From the
:. Nv v, aodication of Napoleon to the coming
"e present European conflict, all Euro
~ ~ wars OF Importance had speedy de-
s"As' Waterloo, Sadowa, Sedan, Lule
,sas and the Bregalnitza each within
~" weeks of declaration of war pro-
''so tne outcome of the contest. ONLY
OUR own Civil War was the outcome
. uouotful and the struggle protracted
No. way to suggest comparison with the
P'esent contest
(,,. nus the world was led to expect
|b,Mls solution of the great problem raised
n ~, u. world War. Yet, looking backward
lco,s ms.ory to similar struggles of other
h. a''les, there is written much of more
In passing contemporary value. France,
'6d = revolution and under Napoleon, de-
europe for more than twenty years.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
.he Need Of Making Clear What
L the Next Campaign Promises

1t seems to me that it is the part Of wis
dom for the Allies to make clear to their
publics in advance Of the next campaign
what its course promises to be, for in do
ing this they will abolish vain hopes and
avoid the consequences of disappontments
which seem to me bound to follow too great
optimism now. Recognizing how danger
Gus it is to forecast, and with full ap-
probation of the limitations which are
common to all critics, l am going to at
tempt to set forth here the situation as |
now see it.
In the first place it seems to me utterly
unlikely that there can be any decision on
the military side this year. Russia is out
of the war; the Allies have no right or
reason to hope that any changes at all that
are conceivable in Russia will help them or
bring back to them any Russian aid The
detection of Russia has released many
troops and it has involved Rumania, which
will be compelled to make peace on Ger
man terms. Russia and Rumania, together,
by making separate peace, will release
something like a million and a half Ger
man, Austrian and Bulgarian troops all
of which save the Bulgarians can be used
upon the Western and Italian fronts or be-
hind the German and Austrian lines to i'm
prove communications and speed up in
dustry
In the second place, the collapse of Rus
STA and the surrender of Rumania, due to
Russian desertion, have wholly changed
the German temper. Six months ago the
mass of the German people desired peace
because they did not believe absolute vic
tory was possible; they were equally con-
WINGED that they could not be decisively
beaten. But now, with Russia and Ru-
mania out, with Italy terribly beaten re-
Gently, the German people have gained a
new confidence, and at the same time the
extreme militaristic and autocratic Gle
ments have gained absolute control. Thus
at one time Germany has obtained the men
for new offensive and her people have
acquired confidence and an expectation
Of success which will lead them to make
additional sacrifices and endure fresh bur-
dens.
On the Allied side the situation is equal
~ plain. Britain, France and Italy have
at least as many troops under arms as
Germany and Austria now possess. There
is not the slightest reason to believe that
on the West front Britain and France will
not be able to match man against man and
gun against gun with Germany and Aus
tria during the campaign that is now to
begin, and they should be able to do this
without relying upon the American troops,
which are slowly but surely increasing in
numbers and will be able to hold portions
of the line next summer, although they
will not be fit for any such ambitious ef-
fort as the new British armies made at the
sprinV
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
ooking at the Question Squarely
IL So as Not To Be Misled

The present month has seen a recrudes-
ccnce Of the discussion of the Allied war
aims, which bids fair to continue and not
improbably to become q fruitful source of
trouble between the Allies themselves, and
thus Of great advantage to the Germans, if
the wise words of the President and of The
British Prime Minister are not Needed
Both Mr.. Wilson and Lloyd George have
lately emphasized the fact that all talk Of
peace terms is futile until the victory is
assured, although moderation and rsgard
for the future peace of the world demand
that these terms be conceived in justice
Looking at the broader question. the ST.
uation is this: A number of nations, in
GLIDING the United States, France, Britain
and Italy, are engaged in a struggle, the
chief issue of which is whether Germany
shall dominate the world and by her pol
icy of blood and iron impose her rule upon
other races and destroy a number of minor
states, of which Serbia and Belgium are
the most conspicuous examples. Before
the war and during the war German lead
ers have frequently declared German in.
tention to annex Belgium, efface Serbia,
make subject states of Poland and Lithu-
ania, and dominate the Balkans and Asia
Minor.
At the present moment the Germans
hold much of Northern France, all but a
thin slice of Belgium, all of that Poland
which existed before the final partition of
1895, and all of Serbia and Montenegro
Much Of the Eastern territory they hold in
conjunction with their allies, but toward
these allies Germany has adopted the tone
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
.ecisive Victory Last Year Was
= Remotely Possible at Best

With the wars of Napoleon or of Louis
NV IN mind, it is easier to understand the
protractlon of the present struggle and to
realize that the decision may yet be post
poned for years. Decisive victory last year
was only remotely possible even if Russia
had stayed in the battle line and con-
trlbuted her share. When Russia deserted
there was an end of all hope of decision
in 1917 or 1918. There would have been
an end of all hope Of Allied victory even
had no new nation arrived to replace Rus
STA. America enlisted, but not until next
year can America fill Russia's place, and
upon the arrival Of this final reserve the
Allies must wait
Meantime, the Russian collapse has re-
leased some hundreds of thousands of Ger
man and Austrian troops, a considerable
portioRo of whom were compelled to remain
on the Eastern front until Russia was
definitely out of the war. Since Russia is
out and negotiating a separate peace
these troops will now constitute strategic
reserve; they are the material with which
Germany can build new offensive cam
on the West front has passed to Germany
For the first time since Verdun Germany
has the means both as to men and guns to
risk another great offensive.
And the German press and the German
critics are all agreed that such an Often
sive is now to take place. One is temnted
to suspect the good faith of such declara-
tons, for Germany has not in the past
used the brass band method to advertise
ner strategy in advance of putting it into
operation; neither the Dunajec nor Yer
dun was preceded by press agents. Yet
there remains the solid fact that Germany
has the resources for an offensive, and
there is obviously sound reason why she
should now seek by an offensive to get a
decision before the American army is
ready, as she sought to get a decision at
Verdun before the British were ready.
Since there will be no reinforcement of
the British and the French until the Amer
lean army is ready for action, and since
the American army cannot be ready in
great numbers before the campaign OF
1919, although some thousands may be in
the firing line before spring, there is, then,
no reason to expect decision this year, as
the result of Allied military achievement
in the field and there is every reason to
expect that Allied effort may be restricted
more severely to the defensive than IN any
previous campaign Of the whole war. we
must then face the probability Of five
years war, at the shortest, looking at the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

This article, by Frank n.
Simonds, which is part of an ar
tcle appearing in the January num-
Der of Review Of Reviews, may
be effectively read in connection
with the German Interpretation
printed above.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
By Frank H. Simonds

T IKE 1917, the New Year opens in
the midst of encouragement and
- depression for the Allies. in whose
lumber we are now reckoned. For the
irst time during the present war a year
egins with no legitimate reason for ex-
.eting victory, decisive victory, during it's
curse. Unless all signs fail, the end of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

rhe "Frunkfm-ter Zeitazng" of
n.csmbey 9 prints the folloaOing
.otsworthy article under the cap
sn,. Observation-Disclosures
4 the Strotegical Reserves of the
central Poacers.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

And France of the Revolution was unpre-
pared for war Her conscript armies be-
gan their campaigns in rags and ended
them quartered in the palaces of every
European capital. Not even the army
which Napoleon led to AusterEtz had such
an advantage in numbers and prepara-
tons over The Russian and Austrian
armies as the German armies possessed
over their British and French foes three
years ago, when they set out for Paris
But they had Napoleon.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
The Berliacr TogcbIatt

they are well aware Of the limits which
are set for the effects Of strategy in this
war Of the nations.
The prospect of being able to strike
such a blow on the Western front, which
would affect France in the first instance,
and particularly being able to strike it
before the moral assistance of America
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

ties, adopted for the purpose of saving
the lives Of our soldiers, that prevented us
from destroying the belief of the English
in the infallibility of their method of at
tack and their ability gradually to drive
the Germans out Of France and Belgium.
Hindenburg and Ludendortf consider a
blow on the Western front possible, but
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

class But for year she can stake all. her
last mark and her last man on seeking to
break the will Of her opponents and per
suade them to quit while she still has
reserve.
Accordingly, I look for German attacks
on the West front, in the Balkans and in
Mesopotamia, where she is now free to use
all Turkish troops released from the Rus
sian front in Armenia. Salonica, Bagdad
and Venice may be prizes of her new eff
forts in the next six months. No one Of
these successes would win the war or
change the actual situation, but each would
contribute much to creating just the at
mosphere in Britain, France and Italy
which Germany desires to create. Taken
together with some major German often
sive against the British or the French on
the West front, they might do the trick
and bring Europe to a peace by negotia-
ton within the next twelve months and
before the United States can become an eff
tective factor on land.
And this, | believe, is the sum of what
we have to fear for the campaign Of 1918.
That the Germans can succeed now against
the British. when they failed in the first
battle of Yprcs, with everything in their
favor; that they can succeed against the
French, when they failed at the Marine and
at Verdun, with the odds overwhelmingly
with them, seems unbelievable But they
are condemned to try, because they are in
no temper to admit defeat, and have still
the resources for new bid.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

1t cannot be expected that we shall give
clear and precise answer to that oues-
ton, based on our assumptions and wishes
But it is evident that the choice of a
front for an attack has become considera-
bly, more restricted Let us consider
briefly the various fronts and their signif-
cance for our conduct of the war. The
Eastern front and the important Arme-
nian-Persian theatre of war are eliminated
In the East there remain only Syria and
Mesopotamia, both politically very impor
tant
England is fighting near Bagdad for
purely English interests, for aims which.
before the war, were arranged and de-
limited by an Anglo-German agreement.
In this campaign the English have gone
far beyond that frontier--to the disad-
vantage of Turkey and thereby also of
German interests. Syria, where England
wants to erect bulwark for the defence
Of Egypt lies also in the direction of
Frances most important interests in the
Orient. Here, too, the sacred soil of Tur-
key is threatened, which must be pro-
tected and made secure From the stra-
tegcal standpoint Syria deserves to take
precedence because it covers the flank of
the military communications with Meso-
potamia.
Next comes the European theatre of
war. We first turn to the Macedonian
front. Sarrail is on very insecure foot
ing and is wholly without influence upon
the military situation. On the other hand
France has staked her entire prestige in
the Levant upon the fate of this front
and the Bulgarans, who are defending
the Macedonian front along with our com
mon army have just been relieved of
pressure through the armistice with Ru-
mania. We proceed next to Venetia. We
know that the Italians occupy thanked po-
sitons between the Etsch and the Piave,
and that General Conrad, after having
made local attacks on'December a, is grad
ually pushing forward his front from the
mountains toward the plains.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13
.nly Defensive Tactics Spared
~ the British at Cambria

Finally, the West front, the chief scene
of action in this World War. The Ger
man commensurate at Cambria, which we
regard as one Of the most important
events of the war during this whole year
It's we'll as most instructive for giving
the measure of the enemy-has shown
that it really was only our defensive tao
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-13

military considerations; as to victory won
by economic weapons in a shorter time
this remains always possible and never
likely.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1918-11-13
COMPETITIVE WASTE
MUST Be ELIMINATED,
DECLARES Mr.. DANIELS

WASIltNGTON. N"v. l@.-~Nlh'hr"p
n Daniels chairman OF III" lnt"rStat"
4, ..tnnfrr~n commission. predicted III an
address today that railroads alter the
war ,,iu be uicra:a III under cnitr" gov
erpn,cut management and ""nir"t. or
rrivs.a management With governments
Suneryisinn Of financing ana cl''!nh''"i
~ r,,rr.tit;y.. waste. He vas Sp'flhinS
before Tho annual meeting or IN" NJ
rinnni Association OF hallway anu
IT.. commissioners. Il body or S;at" rep
r"s",.tnitvI
,'hu:rnaE Daniels expressed onun'
tha: IT,. present government EiAhhe'
rrnnt w;t:inrlt ownership could cont niue
satisfactorily IN pave times. WITH res
t"rat!n!t Of r,:i.ai.. mana cement. ne A't'"'
.,-...n;."iItl.. waste Should he "!iinIi''tt'u
by t,..r.,c.JI uniting thu. rti!r"td a'tnIh'slFh-
ri"r'> plan :"r "urta.!lng unnecessary
Ia>~.ug"r tran S,ii:IIE''S IN parallel
:..;lt> .i.I :.yui!;!% fre!2Ei; ":"r th'
i,rl,--.t r,Ii:.>., t;ar 'i''>s 81 Is orig III.
Tsrn.!ui.l eru.I .;r-r.r fn"i!.:.'S should To-"
used in r,,rIf:;t:r. r"lS!'iIal ""IL!''"ti"n ~
parable! and competing lines Sh"uId y"
WORKED out and s:">'rnm"at a;id r''Ei"'-
~ rihIuaIa should b. I'hrriX"d ~ pas
.n proposed RI .i""nd SECURITY ISSUES !"
{. .. s~rltia tll. il,r'.~>,l:" ~ iI.v, hu"S
.,. Darr"t.. All" declared a -''I"nii.r"
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1918-11-13
SUP RENE COURT.

CHARLESTON. W. Va. NAY. -
tn" supreme court. after a brief session
this morning. took II r"rrsS until Friday
m"rm!rg. WHEN thu business Of the Sep
!"nh"r term is ~ p",'trd Ia h' ""mpl"t-
81 y" decisions w""c announced today
Following III" session Uf She court tl"rIl
william T.. Matthews announced the
dai''S hnd c.r,Hu!i assignments fer tn"
next 81 lanuary term.
Tn" duckrl. Which contains ln2 Eases.
has been appnrtInn"d na follows: Wet
:"Sda%. January \. original jurisdiction
anu certified cases: Tuesday, January
-. siNtccntir circuit rlSr~: ru"SdH!
January ~. first. third and sixth cir
cults; Tus*dny. January IS. "ighth cir
''Iiit' Tu"SdH". February I. fourth ami
eighteenth circuits: Tuesday. February
~. Sccnrd. NTH and thirteenth circuits:
Tuesday. February Il. seventh. httc"ni II
and lw,utN-ihirG riTruitE: Tu"sdms. Feb
ruHTl -, l'mrlrrnth. tw"ntr--ilrSi ana
Iw'nt y-:-'','"id circuits: Tu'%'!:ti. March,.
!. niH"l'"nth auI lwrntl"'h circuits. AMI
r'tr,,in' March ~ tr'!ith ANA s"N"I-
i""nih circuits.