davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1918-01-17
Cause of Cold Feet.

Cold feet may be habitual, constltu-
tional or from general i'll health, COM
monty they are so by habit. Tight
shoes, sedentary life and overeating
are often guilty, asserts an authority.
When there is too little ventilation of
the feet or the stockings are too thick,
the relief isn't easy. The feet are
kept warm better by wearing thin hose
and low shoes, cold baths and vigorous
massage, active exercise outdoors-es-
pecially walking-than by inactive In
door life. Frequent daily washing of
the feet helps to restore their warmth.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1918-01-17
PETS LEARN THE MORSE CODE
Rattlesnake, Dog and Mocklna Bird
Claimed to Have Been Taught
Dots and Dashes.

The old-time telegrapher claims
while stationed on the Arizona desert
at 24-telegraph office he caught a
young rattlesnake, tanned IL, and taught
1t the Morse code, according TO
writer.
The snake slept ON the telegraph
desk nights and whenever the train
dispatcher called ICY" the old-timer's
office CALL the RATHER would creep over
to the old-timer's cot and rattle ICY"
In his masters ear, which would wake
him up, and he would come over to the
desk and answer the wire
After the RATHER was killed, run over
by a train, the old-timer adopted
dog, to whom he also taught the code.
game, the dog would station himself
behind the other players, and by wag-
ging his tail on the floor, he would sig
nal in dots and dashes what cards the
other players held; consequently the
old-timer always cleaned up. When the
gamblers discovered the trick they ran
the old-time telegrapher and his dog
The dog died while the old-timer was
stationed In the Rockies, and he
trapped a hooking bird to take the
place Of the dog. In an Incredibly short
time the hooking bird mastered the
Morse code, and would sit by the
sounder for hours, pick the messages
Off the wire, and whistle them TO his
master.
The bird was so tame that the old
timer allowed him to fly around where
ever he wished. One day while the
telegrapher was working on his reports
the mocklng bird fluttered in and
whistled the following message: "There
are holdups In the cut, planning to
hold up No. 34."
The old-timer was taken completely
Off his feet for a moment. Then he
sprang for the telegraph key and wired
the operator at the next station to sum-
mon the sheriff and posse, have
them board train No. "a and watch out
for holdups In the cut
The sheriff and his posse boarded
the train and managed to kill and cap
ture the would-be robbers, who II they
had succeeded would have no doubt
made rich haul, as there was large
shipment Of gold in the express car Of
No. "a. The express company hand
somely rewarded the old-timer and his
pet hooking bird.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1918-01-17
Aoe Of the oeeana.

Scientists have figured out the aver
age amount of salt carried by the
rivers of the world as total, and have
compared with the total quantity of
salt In the oceans. From these data
(taking into account evaporation and
rate of stream fowl IL is possible to
reckon how many years have been re-
quired TO make the seas as salt as
they are today. On this basis, Prof.
Frank Clarke Of the United States ge-
illogical survey. one of the foremost
authorities, estimates that the oceans
are about 90,OO0,0O0 years OLD
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1918-01-17

~ ENSSELAER is small city on
- the east bank of the Hudson
N river, opposite Albany, N. Y.
Although 1t can boast Of few
attractions, IL has the honor of pos
sessing within its city limits the oldest
building In the United States. There
has been much talk of uniting these
two cities and at some future day this
old building may be found in Greater
Albany.
AS we stood in front of this old
house (facing the river) one beautiful
October afternoon we thought more
desirable location for dwelling could
not have been selected, writes Mrs.
Halsey Hayford, In the Utica Globe.
At our left we have a view for miles
down the Hudson. Over at our right Is
the city Of Albany, the upper portion
of it's $4,000, O0O-dollar pile of marble
(the capitoD being plainly visible.
This old mansion faces the south
ern part of Albany and what we see
are old broken-down buildings along
the docks, old black foundries, old
Ice houses, etc. 1t has been said that
everything earthly has something to
mar its perfection and we thought
this view is not an exception.
We turned toward the house. 1t
towers above the good-sized dwellings
on either side and looks very much
like a fort. Between the two front
windows of our left is a bronzed tab
let upon which is the following in
RcriDtiOn:
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1918-01-17

We entered the small front hall in
the middle of the house. Two doors
opposite each other admit us into the
hall, at our left, is an unattractive
staircase. The main rooms have odd
fashioned fireplaces with wooden
mantles ornamented with wreaths and
garlands. Under each window Is q
seat. Back Of the room at the left
is a larger hall extending across the
house, with door at either end. The
north door Is made in two halves, up
per and lower. Back OF this hall is
another good-sized room. All the rooms
in this building are Of good size and
the ceilings are about nine feet high.
When we had assembled the front
stairs we took about three steps to
our right and at the top of short
flight of stairs at our left Is a small
room with low ceilings. This was
called the dead room" Any men,
her of the family dying was laid in
this room. II was never used for any
other purpose. Going down from this
room and ascending a short flight of
stairs in front of us we reached the
upper, hall. The arrangement of the
three floors of this house is the same.
One room at the right, three at the
left.
How the House was built.
On July %, 1880, Kiliaen Van
Rensselaer,, a gentleman who resided
In Holland, purchased of the Indians
Through his agent) a tract of land,
as miles one way and "a the other
containing more than 100000 acres.
1t was divided In two parts by the
Hudson river. The western half COM
prised the whole county of Albany,
while the eastern half was more than
two-thirds of Rensselaer, county.
Later additional purchases were made.
IL was found necessary to have a
manor house and place of protection
against the hostile Mohicans and the
Lord PATRON, or the PATRON, as he
was called, ordered his agent TO build
fort. This he did In 1841, the date
which Is cut on stone In the cellar
wall. inside Of this old building. The
Trick, shingles and nails used In its
construction were sent from Holland.
The fort was named Crailo after the
1'atr0On's estate near Huizen.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1918-01-17
The Way of It.

"You say he got the drop on you?"
Eyes, he landed on my head in
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
viii Teach Boys How to Farm.

Wisconsin high schools are to be
turned into schools of agriculture in
which the boys will be taught the rudi-
ments of farming, so that, with the
cooperation of the county councils
of defense and the county agricultural
agents, they can be placed on Wiscon-
sin farms early next spring.
The idea originated in a meeting of
the agricultural committee of the Wis
consin state council of defense. This
committee was faced with the problem
of securing farm labor to offset not
only the normal shortage but the in
creased shortage due to the war.
There are $4,000 high school boys in
the state. About 5000 Of this number
live on farms. and 5000 are employed
during the summer in the cities. The
remaining 10000 are an available re-
serve for service on Wisconsin farms.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
NeqIect to File Birth Records.

Operations of federal census agents
who are making an extended fnvestiga-
ton into Wisconsin birth records
have disclosed many cases of neglect
to file birth certificates. Correspond
ence with about 500 physicians as to
reporting 1917 births brought the re-
ply in most instances that they had
reported all births. Checking of rec
ords by the federal agents proved,
however, that some births had escaped
record.
As checks upon the completeness of
birth registration, registrars frequent
~ use the death returns Of children
and especially of infants, checking up
each recorded death with the birth
records to see whether the child's
birth had been registered.
1t has been suggested that dealers
be required to keep a record of all
sales of baby carriages, cribs and high
chairs as q further check until the
medical profession shall have become
thoroughly used to registration.
Several months work is still before
the census investigators working on
records Of the state bureau Of vital
statistics. Their report will be used
by the census bureau in deciding
whether Wisconsin shall be admitted
to the birth registration area, which
up to date includes but limited group
of states, whose birth recording is at
least 90 per cent complete.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
To Own Ice and Fuel Plants.

The city of Oshkosh will be one of
the first in the state to engage in the
fuel and ice business for the benefit Of
the consuming public. At a special
election held recently the proposition
of whether the city should establish a
fuel plant carried by a majority of
1924 votes, and that for an ice plant
by a margin Of S51.
1t is proposed by the commission
council to carry out the wishes Of the
people without delay, and the first
step will be to obtain estimates of the
cost of ice and fuel plants to be owned
by the taxpayers, and then issue bonds
for establishing them. The election
provides for appropriations Of $4,000
for each proposition.
Under municipal ownership the city
has made large annual profits from its
waterworks, and it is starting opera
ton Of a new alteration plant, costing
more than $1S5, 900, most OF which will
be paid from profits of the water de-
partment.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
Will Tell About War in France.

Nine noted Investigators and speak
ers are to come to Wisconsin for one
week, from February II to %, inclu-
sive, to tell Wisconsin facts about the
situation on the French front.
These speakers are to address meet
ings to be arranged by the state coun-
Gil of defense, and will speak under
the auspices Of the United States food
administration. Several months ago
men and women especially fitted for
the work were sent to France to inves-
tigate conditions, and to bring back
to America the information they could
gather.
The nine speakers are to travel in
Wisconsin in groups Of three, to con-
stst Of two men and one woman. The
following have already been assigned:
For team No. J., Edward Trefz, for
mer secretary of the Chamber Of Com
merce of the United States and now
secretary Of the Los Angeles chamber
Of commerce; DR.. Alexander Cairns,
and woman speaker to be assigned
later.
For team No. 2, julius Lincoln; Mrs.
Mary Pennypacker, wife Of a former
governor, and a second man to be as
signed later.
For team No. 3, Daniel Reede, who
was with Hoover in Belgium and has
since been connected with the food adj
ministration; DR.. Henry Coe gilbert
son, and a woman speaker to be as
signed later.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
Aerial Torpedoes.

Aerial torpedoes - great cigar
shaped cylinders crammed with trini-
trotoluol or q kindred explosive and
filmed to reyolve rapidly in falling
are gaining great favor as the war pro-
crosses. More and more airplanes and
dirigibles are being armed with them,
and naval airplanes are equipped with
such devices to exterminate German
U-boats. The pressure of the air
against the fins causes them to re-
volve, and in some peculiar fashion ac-
centuates both the missiles speed and
accuracy. Very similar to the aerial
torpedoes in construction are the huge
trench bombs fired from a special
bombing gun and Hanged to rotate
while en- route to visit Fritz.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
SAYS STATE MUST
RAISE BIG CROPS
Commissioner of Department of
Agriculture Asks Farmers
to Speed Up.
URGES WISCONSIN SPIRIT"
Despite Record Production Last Year,
and Supplying Of Food to Allies,
Plans Must Be Begun
at Once.

Madison.-The creation of a "Wis-
cousin spirit" and the task Of impress
ing the farmer with the need of max
ing this year the greatest IN the states
history from a production standpoint
were the central thoughts Of speech
delivered by Commissioner G. 2. Nor
CORD of the department of agriculture
at the annual meeting Of the Wisconsin
Association of Fairs at Milwaukee.
''The farmers of our state and the
nation should be encouraged to meet
the needs by increase in crops" said
Commissioner NorgOrd. "The total
value last year Of the increased pro-
duction in Wisconsin of cereals,
legumes, potatoes, hay and tobacco
was more than $274, 180242. Had the
frost held off we would have produced
the greatest corn crop Of our history
''Ifls amazing increase was made
possible by the state council Of de-
Tense, working through the county
councils, the college of agriculture.
There was a record crop, and the out
put Of all perishables was increased by
several hundred per cent.
'In order to supply our allies be-
tween now and the next crop we must
save food, but we must also begin at
once to lay plans for the largest crops
that this state and nation ever have
produced The meat supply IS one of
the most serious shortages, and must
be met by the raising Of large herds.
''The potato market presents seri-
Gus situation Because of the cold
weather and bad roads most Of the
crop is in storage houses and on the
farms, and will not reach the consum-
er before warmer weather sets in.
"a great Wisconsin spirit must be
developed through the state, county
and district fairs" said Mr.. Norgord.
''This spirit will do more to win the
war than anything else, and Wisconsin
will have reason to be proud Of it.
self"
'eRun the 1913 fair full blast" was
the slogan enumerated in the speech
made by Oliver e. Remey, secretary Of
the state fair.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
JUAREZ is AN ADOBE CITY
Mexican Town Displays General IN
kemptness and Carelessness,
and Is Not Attractive.

Most Americans have gotten their
ideas of Mexico from the city of
JuareZ, which lies just across the in
ternatiOnal bridge from Ell PasO. This
is unfortunate and some day Mexico
will realize it, writes Niksah. When
our sister republic awakens to the
Importance Of making a good impress
sion she will tear down most Of JuareZ
and build it over again.
Juarez is an adobe city, whick is to
say that it is Of one drab gray mono
tone, relieved here and there by white
washed pOrches and shutters painted a
pale Sky-blue. In this it resembles
most other Mexican towns, but it's
streets are narrowed and worse kept,
its houses more in need of repair and
its street cleaning department more
completely nonexistent, if such a
phrase is permissible, than in almost
any other Mexican city of its size.
And this is unfortunate, because so
many foreigners never see more of
Mexico than Juarez.
A moderately well administered
Mexican town, and there are many
such, is picturesque and pleasant. The
adobe architecture is distinctly a part
of the environment, and more genuine
~ artistic than anything of the sort
we have produced in the United States.
The narrow unpaved streets, the mud
walls, the unexpected plazas with
their statues, are all adapted to the
life that is lived in them, and have
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07

earthen wall, a mile and a half long,
which has stood for centuries. 1t is
one of the five divisions of the city
which still retain their palisades. The
Kremlin's wall is surmounted by IS
towers and pierced by five gates.
In the Kremlin are grouped some Of
the most beautiful buildings of Russia.
Within it's walls may be read the archi-
tectural history of the nation, but per-
haps the most interesting of the sights
of the acropolis is the tower of. Ivan
the Great, 322 feet high and crowned
by a gilt dome.
The "King of Bells"
It contains "a bells, and at it's foot
rests the "King of Bells" the Gar Kol-
okol, 60 feet in circumference at it's
rim and 10 feet high, which for more
than a century remained buried in the
earth where it fell as wOrkmen at
tempted to raise it to the dome, until
it was raised in 1882 to the marble ped
estal where it now stands. On Easter
eve all the great bells of the Kremlin
toll out their message Of the resur-
rection, and before the war travellers
journeyed from ali over the world to
participate in the impressive Easter
ceremony there.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
Will Discuss Food Problems.


Wartime food problems will be
given special attention by Badger
farmers when they hold their annual
roundup at the College of Agriculture,
Madison, February 40.
Among the speakers on the program
who will stress the necessity for in
creased production will be J. B. Rey-
nOls, president Of the Manitoba Ag-
ricultural college at Winnipeg, who
will discuss farm labor problems; DIR.
@. E. ThOrne, director Of the Ohio
agricultural experiment station, who
will discuss his longtime experience at
Wooster which has been the inspira-
ton of farmers and experimenters the
country over; B. 81. Rawl, chief Of the
United States dairy division; J. p.
Cotton Of the meat division of the
food administration Hugh Gibson,
secretary Of Americas Belgium lega-
ton; and Joseph Great, who was with
Ambassador Gerard in Berlin.
During the week large number Of
state agricultural association meetings
will be held. Among them will be the
Wisconsin Soil Improvement associa-
ton, the Wisconsin Drainage associa-
ton, the Wisconsin Dairymen's asso-
citation, the Wisconsin Agricultural Elk
pertinent association, the Wisconsin
Rural Life conference, the Wisconsin
Live Stock Breeders association, and
at least ten special breed organiza.
tons.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07

Vt WAS a strange irony of fate
that forced revolutionists, hard
pressed by the soldiers of Ker-
ensky, to fall back into the Krem-
lin of Moscow, for centuries the seat
of despotism of Russia. And addition
al interest was attached to this his
toric spot by the later announcement
that here Kerensky intended to estab-
lish his government. Perhaps no city
of the nation has figured so prominent
~ In the turmoil which for centuries
has accompanied Russian politics as
has this "city> within a city"
It was On the cite of the Kremlin,
now the center of the city, that Mos
cow was founded by Yuri DolgOruki,
prince Of Kiev, in 1147. The historians
believe a village existed on the heights
above the River Moska even before
the advent of Prince Yuri. Within a
century, says the Kansas City Star,
the new village entered into the tur-
moil of Slavic wars then raging. In
1888 the Kremlin, then an important
military station of the principality of
Vladimir, was sacked and burned by
Batou-Khan. In 1893 it was again
sacked and it's inhabitants were carried
away into slavery by Khan Nagai.
Since then it repeatedly has been plum
dered and burned.
The Kremlin is almost triangular in
shape, and is surrounded by high
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07

the beauty that comes from usefulness
and a serene innocence of the desire
to copy something else. But in Juarez
the streets need cleaning, the walls
need plastering and the general i'm
preston is one Of unkemptness and
careleSSneSS.
1t could easily be improved, for
there are many beautiful things in
Juarez. There is a church that was
old when the Alleghenies bounded the
American colonies. There is great
plaza that could be transformed into a
noble park. But Juarez is rather proud
of her bad reputation. She prefers to
swagger a little and talk about the
bull ring the race track and the Black
Cat saloon. There was a time when
the proceeds OF this latter institution
are said to have paid the costs o. keep
ing the armies of Francisco Villa in
the field.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07

to Peter the Great. In the upper story
of the treasury repOSe the crowns OF
the early cars, several thrones, war
trophies and miscellaneous curiOsities.
In the arsenal is a great collection of
weapons and arms taken in conflict.
The Kremlin was the second capital
Of the empire after the removal of the
government to Petrograd. Within it's
walls is the great palace completed in
1S49, and here, too, are the most won
derful churches and cathedrals of the
country. Up to the dethrOnement of
Nicholas the Kremlin was the eccles-
iaStical center of Russia.
The acropOlis is full of memories of
Ivan the Terrible, whom Tolstoy called
the "great BEAST" and in the network
of underground passages which under
lies it is supposed to be buried the
library Of that scholarly, but brutal,
ruler,
In 1905 the citadel was the center of
revolutionary disturbances, and here
in February Of that year the Grand
Duke Sergius was assassinated. And
now the historic place, the nucleus of
the city of Moscow, and the seat of
Russian autocracy, again figures in
Slavic turmoil.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
BADGER STATE NEWS
MOST IMPORTANT HAPPENINGS
OF THE PAST WEEK TOLD
IN A FEW LINES.
RIPON COLLEGE SENDS 112
Service Flag Dedicated With impress.
sive Ceremonies in Honor of
Students Now In Govern
ment Service.

Ripon-The new service flag of
Ripon college, containing 112 stars,
was dedicated Inappropriate services
in the college chapel Dean w. H.
Barber spoke in behalf of the absent
soldiers, Prof. J. F. Taintor for the
faculty, and President Ivy of the sophie
more class for the student body.
Many interested townspeople attend
ed the ceremonies. The flag will be
hung in the college chapel.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
New Pharmacists Admitted.

Twenty-eight out Of forty-three ap
plicants for pharmacists and assistant
pharmacists certificates before the
state board of examiners, which con-
Guided its sessions at Madison were
passed. Successful candidates for
pharmacists permits were:
T. B. Curley, M. B. TobleSke, Thorn
as Flarity, Fred Marquardt, S. F.
Ptak, E. Eliopul, Edwin 81. Pergande
of Milwaukee. Earle Schilling Of Mi
nocqua, Frank Y. Sorenson of Racine,
Miss Edith Arnold of Lake Geneva, w.
r. Cameron of Superior and G. e.
Pech of Madison, E. E. Listsky of Mil
waukee.
Assistant permits were granted to-:
Robert Haak, L. A. Van ELS, w. J..
Schaller, Manford Goldberg, Stephen
Winkel, Mrs. Sophia Kremers, FL. F.
CzerwinSk of Milwaukee, Erwin Cru
EFT, Raymond Anderson of Merrill, A.
]. Hughes of Portage, A. J. Kramer
Of Menominee, Mich; r. e. Duxbury,
Alma Center and A. f. Radke, G. e.
Hilfert, J. G. Hassman OF Appleton
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
Name National Song Week.

Madison-The week of Feb. IL to %
inclusive, has been designated as the
National Week of Songs. The matter
has just been brought to the attention
of Gov. Philip with the suggestion
that local papers publish the national
songs in the order given: "The Star
Spangled Banner" Hail Columbia, "
Battle Hymn of the Republic" "Kel-
1er's American Hymn" and "Colum-
bia, the Gem of the Ocean,
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1918-02-07
Refuse Increase In Salaries.

Manitowoc - The finance commit.
tees poposal to increase the salaries
of the mayor and aldermen has been
rejected by the city council. The
mayor will receive the usual $500, and
the aldermen $780, Members of the
fire and police departments were Civ.
en- small increases and the pay of city
assessor was increased from $1,000 to
| 81, 400