New-York tribune., 1918-10-13

situation IN Poland, "L'Eurone
49, Nouvelle," Paris, in a recent j.
sue makes a special study Of IN.
various Polish parties now cxisfjnp 3,
Poland, their political aims and tl,o,r ..
ttudc toward the Central Powers. l.
begins its article with a reference n
the recent elections to the Polish Conn.
Gil of State, in which the workmen tbo
peasants, the Socialist and Democratic
parties refused to participate. Tbosa
that did take part in the elections yere
the Activists, who consist of parties
forming the so-called Union for the f..
tablishment Of the Polish State, and the
Passivists, who consist of the most ron-
servative parties.
1t continues:
The leader of the Activists Is Marsha,
Francis Pulawski a descendant Of the e.
nous Pulawski family, comrades-at-arras of
Washington and Lafayette
at is from this party that the three
present regents of Poland come Zdzisiaw
Lubomirski, the former Mayor of Warsaw.
Monsignor kakowski, the Archbishoo IS
Warsaw, formerly an ardent Russophile. 70.
day converted to the programme OF the in
dependents, and Count Joseph Ostrowsk
chief of the Rcalist party.
"The programme of this group is TO 70
build the Kingdom of Poland, gaining for II
absolute independence and extending Il 70
the frontiers occupied before the srst par-
tition Of Poland. The leaders Of the party
who are practical men, have thought It best
to adapt themselves to the circumstances
and they have been inclined to consider the
Austrian solution as the first steo toward
the complete restoration OF the ancient
kingdom.
There is no doubt that this group con.
ducts the present foreign policy Of Poland
Its programme i'll connection with the in
ternal policy is sufficiently liberal: (l) In
PRODUCTION of universal suffrage; ~ Fed
Grafton with Lithuania; (3) Democratic So
luton of the Jewish question; a. Gradual
distribution OF the land among the peas-
antry, with indemnities to the landholders
"Opposite to this party stand the Passi-
visits, who are much less numerous They
are the former anti-Semitic conservatives.
In general, their members were rot at all
anti Russian before the war. : he Passivist
policy can be expressed in very few words
policy Of crossed arms, in Poland and secret
but energetic diplomatic action abroad.
Furthermore, we must mention the Pa
trlotlc Socialist party, which has MANY adj
herents. Among its members is the elite
of Polish ntelectuals. men Ike Zoromsi
and Sicroszcwski, the foremost Polish writ
.ers.
although the foreign policy of the Patri-
cti iC io1
that of the Activists, the lndepcndcnts
and Union of Poland, they differ on one
point. They consider as INDISPENSABLE an
agreement on fcderalistic basis with
Lithuania, Ukraina and the White Russians
They absolutely refuse TO indulge in any
compromises. AS absolute enemies Of all
secret politics, they have adopted 1hc prin-
cples of President Wilson They agree as
to the necessity of national UPRISING
against Germany, but it is to be an interior
uprising Of workmen and peasants without
any foreign Intervention. In their foreign
policy they have adopted the Socialist pro
gramme
"A rapid glance at the principal political
groups of Poland shows that the direction
of the Polish movement is at present in the
hands of the large landholders and the
bourgeoisie. All of them want the inde-
pendence of Poland, but each of them IA
vors different methods for attaining the ul-
innate object. 1t must be admitted that
the Austrian solution has behind it the
largest number of partisans
Nevertheless none of the Polish parties
would allow part or all of Galicia in Aus
trian hands"