davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
Four Bells Ahead for
"W0rk or Fight
How Whole Race Becomes Suddenly ExtinctIt Makes
No Difference Whether You Wear Silk Shirt
Denim Jumper
From John Bull.
or a Denim Jumper

to assimilate them--a month, / should say
and we want the men to &C on as they
are until they receive their notices If they
don't, the non-essential jobs will become es-
sentlal, tor the reason that we will be un-
able to fill them with women and men be-
yond the age of fifty"
The more spectacular reactions to the
new law are to be found in the raids,
conducted in New York under the aus
pieces of Assistant District Attorney
James Smith, on the chief haunts Of the
idle underworld. The Federal "work or
fight" order and the New York State
anti-loafng law went into effect last Sun
day at midnight. One minute later, "The
New York Sun" records, Mr.. Smith,
hated of the draft dodgers, hove around
the corner of Broadway and Forty-sec-
ond Street and proceeded at once to show
the leisure class Whereabouts lust what
disagreeable combination Provost Mar
shall General Crowder and the state Off
Gals have cooked up for them
In all Mr. Smith and his cohorts visited
some fifteen places and in each of these
their quest was successful. More than
one hundred young men were found who
were unable to convince Mr.. Smith that
they were essentially" employed and to
each of them was handed a subpoena.
According to the findings Of the man
who wrote the story for "The Sum-" most
Of the men protested to ply trade or
calling of some kind or other, their stated
occupations having to do largely with
the business Of ticket specializing, song
Plugging" or doing Micawber around
the theatrical booking Offices.
"Within an hour of the time Mr.. Smith
and his men appeared on Broadway tbs
thoroug1lfare was practically deserted When
they reached the Fifties they found that
lumor, travelling on swifter feet, had spread
the tldings of their coming, with the result
that only q few honest night watchmen were
in evidence.
Every man between the ages Of eighteen
and fifty years, whether he wears a silk
shirt or a complete set of denim jumpers,
Will be compelled to show that he is a
wage Garner in good standing As jim Smith
remarks: 'CamouhaGe won't go. These
la5orlng men who never did a DAYS work
IN their lives beyond opening an office for
the housing of a mahogany desk to be used
as footstool will have to do something
that counts go to work.
And the worst of it is, Jim means it,
Expert gunner with political pull must
take their chances with manicurod cabaret
hounds. Everybody must work-includng
father, if he happens to be under fifty To-
day New York's popular loungng places, tea
rooms, parks, pool rooms, Libraries and
other resorts, will be strangely deserted
homplng cubs under eighteen and patri-
archal gentlemen more than fifty will be
their only occupants. Women and children
finally may be able to get seats on the park
benches in WASHINGTON Snnaren
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

the dead-and-alive record established by
the ex-Czar of all the Russias.
"AMSTERDAM, June 27.-Reports that
former Emperor Nicholas has been muir
dered in Ekaterinburg are increasingly
persistent i'll Moscow, according to a dis
patch from that city (date not given) re-
ceived to-day by way of Berlin
WASHINGTON, June PA report Of
the killing of Nicholas Romanoff, late Car
OF Russia, was received at the State De-
partment to- day from Stockholm. It was
transmitted q Swedish press report
which needed confirmation"
NEW YORK, June 29-Many conflicting
stories regarding the reported assassina-
uon of eX-Czar Nicholas have been re-
ceived He is reported safe by the Russian
Embassy in Berlin"
AMSTERDAM, June 29.-Thef rumors
that the former Emperor Nicholas has been
murdered are described as lies designed to
lneite the public by the president of the
executive committee at Ekaterinburg
This message is dated June "a, and was
telegraphed from Moscow by way Of Ber-
lin"
STOCKHOLM, June REORGANIZATION
by the German Embassy at Moscow of the
death of the former Russian Car was re-
oelved IN dispatch from that city to-day"
LONDON, June 9.-Contradictory re-
ports concerning the alleged murder of
Nicholas Romanoff, former Car, continue
to reach London to-day f1om various points.
Most of them were from German
sources These said that Nicholas was
alive and safe, while Scandinavian reports
insisted he was killed"
The methods of taking off are almost
as varied and interesting as the reports
OF his death itself. Red Guards broke
into his house and murdered him. Ro,-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
A few objections to the working GU

A few objections to the working out
of the order have been heard from diff
ferent parts of the country. "The Louis
vile Courier-Journap publishes a hypo-
thetical case which worries it exceed
ingly:
"Under the work -or-fght rule chauffeur
IS non-producer if he does anything in ad-
dition to his mechanical duties.
Richard Roe has a man who is q chauf-
feur nominally, but in addition to driving
d car he serves as gardener and produces
vegetables for summer use and for canning
and for storing in the ground or in the
cellar for winter use. AS gardener he pro-
duces enough to feed the family of his en-
ployer and his own family. The garden
products being abundant surplus vegetables
are marketed or given away to deserving
persons. Richard Roe's chauffeur is a non
PRODUCER, under the ruling of the Provost
Marshal General. In order to become
producer he must stop PRODUCING If he
does not stop producing food and by that
means become a producer within the rule
laid down by the Provost Marshal General
he must seek another situation or 90 into
the army, but by ceasing TO produce any
thing he becomes producer and may re-
main at his mechanical duties Another
man is withdrawn from other service to
till the garden.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

Can the inventor of the fisherman's
puzzle solve the puzzle of the non-produc-
tive chauffeur who is a producer and the
chauffeur who is a non-producer because he
produces food for two families while the
producer loafs ?"
But, of course, as The Tribune points
out
"the success of the state anti-loafing law
and the Federal work or fight regulation is
to be seen not in the number of arrests but
IN the length of the lines outside the public
employment agencies. On the frst day of
the new order Of affairs nearly 5000 in
dividuals were registered and more than
5000 applicants were examined Of these
1,465 men were sent to jobs. Yesterday,
the second day, the lines of applicants
reached for blocks, and squads of police
men were required to maintain them 1t
was estimated that 70 per cent of the ap-
pllcants were III non-essential employments
or were temporarily out of work"
This is the really important result Of
the law: men transferred from useless
work or no work at all to labor which
the nation needs. Minor objections and
difficulties, it is generally felt, can be
smoothed out gradually.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
iders to contribute to the sum total of the

idlers to contribute to the sum total of the
nations effort.
Then she gave me list of young men
OF her acquaintance who were neither fight
ing nor working. She said she liked som.
of them personally, but she was determined
that they should do their duty.
Young LADY, l said, you are real
patriot. Now, | want to ask you to do
something else for me-
What is that?' she asked
go want YOU | said, TO go to your young
women friends, and ask them to bring me
lists of wellto- do slackers that thew know
"l'u do that she said. And she did.
She had her friends acouaint me with q
large number Of rich oilers, and l have
investigated the cases of some of them and
found that their manner of life, unless it
has suddenly been changed, was very OBJ
noXlous to the anti-loafng law"
Still another "resut of the work or
light campaign says "The New Ro-
chelle Paragraph" will be to give the
older men q better chance for employ
ment. Men advanced beyond the draft
age, who have Jared badly in competl
ton with the younger generation, will be
IN demand to fill the vacancies caused bv
General Crowder's regulations and the
steady effiux of men to the camps"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
XY7hat Effect Would 1t
w Have on Labor

Concern, however, has been manifested
as to the probable effect Of a new draft
on labor conditions. "The Cincinnati
Times-Star" says that "the great purpose
Of the draft is to raise an army with
the least possible disturbance to the in
dustrial and social life of the nation"
The setting of the maximum at forty-five
years, it seems, is the matter of greatest
concern to those anxious to maintain the
equilibrium Of the labor market.
1.-THE Washington Post" cautions that
if the government were to reach out for
men of forty-ive-
at must first be determined whether the
industrial situation will be unfavorably
affected. 1t would be considered poor
policy to draft men OF that age into the
military service if by SO doing it crippled
the railroads or any of the essential in
dustries engaged upon war work"
1.-THE original limits provided the very
best timber for our fighting force" as
serts "The Utica Press" without a
great German victory, the change will
not be necessary, and if followed out
will unavodably cripple all our indus
tries at home"
Such an extreme view is, however, the
exception rather than the rule.
On the other hand, that "there is no
magic in the thirty -frst birthday" is the
opinion of ''The st. Louis Republic"
THE Chicago News" is sure that "no
overwhelming objection can be found to
the use of men less than twenty-one
years of age, who make the best of SOL
diers, whose economic status is not vet
fixed. and whose utilization in this wav
is, therefore, least disturbing to the ma
tons economic equilibrium"
Indeed, the experience of all history
supports the drafting of boys under
twenty-one for active service, is the con-
tention of "The Philadelphia Inquirer"
citing as an example the experience Of
Civil War draft boards, which found it
expedient to enlist more than million
boys under the age of nineteen.
Taking the attitude that the inward
extension of the draft age would even
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

shevil authorities condemned him to
death after d short trial and then shot
him. He was killed by Boshevik troops
during their retreat on Ekaterinburg.
When the Czecho-Slovaks advanced on
Ekaternburg Red Guards ordered Mich
olas and his family to leave on a spe-
clal tram. While on their way to the
station the former Car protested heat
eddy against being transferred to an un-
known place. The Red Guards forming
DIS escort thereupon bayoneted him.
There still is the Czarevitch to be con-
sidered. He has done his share of ex-
piring, too, lately. A dispatch dated at
London, June 81, reports:
"Rumors are current in Petrograd that
Alexis Romanotf, son of former Emperor
Nicholas, died a few days ago, says an Ex-
change Telegraph dispatch from Copen-
hagen to-day"
Within few days, however, his con-
dltlon was slightly improved. On Mon
day, July /, this encouraging report was
issued:
The former Czarevitch, Alexis of Rus
STA, according to German papers received
In Copenhagen, is at present in Tobolsk. An
Exchange Telegraph dispatch, quoting from
herman newspapers, says the former Grown
Prince is seriously i'll, and hence unable
to undertake the journey to Ekaterinburg.
where he. had planned to join his parents"
Presuming, probably, that his parents
are still alive.
When the returns are all in it is likely
that tho conclusion reached in regard to
the unfortunate Romanoff family will
be that they are doing as well,as can be
expected
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
Extending the Draft
in AmeriCa
The Sentiment of the Country Press Largely Favorable
Although There Are Reservations Covering
Special Phases
Special Phases

"A RMY draft age limits are not
"A to be extended; at least, not
d. "a Immediately. The Fall amend
ment covering a change in the
present schedule of ages, which should
include men between the ages of twenty
and forty, was decisively voted down in
the Senate.
Meantime, however, the press Of the
country had had time to go on record
as generally in favor of the attempted
legislation. The majority of the papers
which commented upon this issue thought
the age limits ought to be extended, al
though some papers objected to certain
aspects.
Let Congress worry not at all over
any opposition from the country to an
extension of the draft ages" writes "The
Detroit Journal" which adds:
at will hear of none. The country is
committed to the war if it calls for every
man, every ounce of energy, every drop of
blood. We are certain that not one man in
a hundred on the easy side of fortyfve
but will be proud to register. AS for boys
OF eighteen, nineteen ana twenty, we al
know how they will take it."
"America is not nation, that, having
put it's hand to the plough, will turn
back. Every requirement made by the
government to hasten the victory will
meet whole-hearted response" declares
"The Kansas City STAR; while "The
Savannah News" observes:
"The more men we send to France and
the quicker send them, the fewer we will
lose and the sooner will the war be over
At the beginning of the war men
talked OF 100000 men as if this was a
great army, but they are talking now as if
a million men was but small force. At
any rate, America is going to keep on throw
ing in her man power rapidly as she
can until Germany caves in"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
When Is a Gar Dead?

U S THE CAR DEAD? Failing con-
a firmation of the report from their
"a ex-ruler himself, the Russian peo-
pie evidently decided to apply
democratic methods to the question: All
IN favor of the Gar being dead say
Aye; opposed, No. The result is tie.
The Gar will therefore remain in a
state of suspended animation until the
meeting of the Constituent Assembly.
"COPENHAGEN, June 25-Russian Red
Guards have broken into the residence of
Nicholas Romanof, the former Russian
Emperor, at Ekaterinburg and murdered
him, according to the Russian newspaper
Via, says Stockholm dispatch to the
National Tidendc."
"LONDON, June 26.-There is no foun-
dalton for the persistent rumors that Mich
olas Romanof, the former Emperor has
been assassinated says an Exchange Tele-
graph dispatch, from Moscow, dated June
81"
GENEVA, June 27-The Ukraine Bu-
reau at Lausanne announced to-day it had
received confirmation of the report that
the Bolshevik authorities at Ekaterinbure
condemned Nicholas Romanoff, the former
Russian Emperor, to death, after a short
trial. and then shot him. Details of the re-
ported execution lacking"
PARIS, June PA dispatch from Kiev
under date of Wednesday, June g. de-
clares that the report of the assassination
Of former Emperor Nicholas of Russia has
been confirmed. 1t is declared that he was
killed by Bolshevik troops during their re-
treat on Ekaternburg"
The press of the world has done it's
best to keep up with the situation. Here
is summary Of the reports from June
20 until July l. Neither Mark Twain
nor Hindenburg has been able to touch
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
\ way Flock the I.oafers
a and Slackers

Several results of the law have al
ready been recorded One is the large
exodus of loafers and slackers of all ages
from the unhealthy neighborhood of New
York According to '"The New York
Times" and Second Deputy Police Com
missioner Lahey, "a list of five thousand
men, known to the police as idlers or
bad characters, had been made up beforr
the law went into effect, but it was found
that the great majority Of these men had
already left town. The police went to
hundreds of addresses yesterday in
search of men listed as habitual idlers
and criminals, and found that they had
taken trains within the last two weeks.
Another is the fate that awaits use.
lessly employed society young men at the
hands of their feminine friends. District
: Attorney Swami is quoted as saying:
1--WE will make some examples of the
rich idlers. There are not great many
of this species The rich have as rule
done their duty, but there are some ex-
ceptons. l have in my possession a fairly
complete list of the names and addresses
of wealthy neer- do wells, and some of them
will eventually find themselves at work in
the shipyards.
"a while ago young woman we'll known
in society, who had taken work with the
Red Cross, came to my office and told me
that she did not feel that she was doing her
full duty in merely entering upon Red Cross
work herself, but that she intended to force
number of others of her set who were
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
They Were Displayed
i in Long Lines

When the order went into effect on
Monday, Greater New York displayed,"
says The Tribune, "some twelve thou
sand to fifteen thousand men without
jobs
"dlsplayed them in long lines before en-
ployment Offices where everybody that wish
cd could look at them. When the United
States Employment Bureau, in 90 East
Fwehty-second Street, opened at s o'clock
yesterday morning double line of men
waiting to be registered for work reached
from the office door, in the middle of the
block, over to Broadway, while small army
was banked on the north side of the street
facing the job headquarters.
AT the thirteen other Federal employ
ment stations scattered over greater New
York were lines of men--shorter, but similar
III general appearance. F..
THE job seekers increased in number
as the day advanced and some stood in line
for hours before they gained admittance.
The lines were broken only when the rain
started in the forenoon, and the thousands
waiting in front of the main bureau. in
East Twenty-second Street, scurried for
cover in doorways. The jam in front OF the
employment office became packed so tightly
that the door was broken off it's hinges
when the main bureau closed, at 1870
o'clock, it was announced that about 5000
men had been registered there but no
figures were available from the branch
offices.
"The Federal employment officers an
nounced that New York City was either
overstocked with men of working age or
month was not long enough time for a
person to find job, or that good share
OF the men in line were actually industrial
slackers."
Among the crowds that besieged the
employment Offices were hundreds who
had given up their reproductive jobs
last Sunday under the impression that
they could not legally hold them longer.
This was regretted by the men in charge
of enforcing the order, who explained,
says "The World" that
"If men holding non-essential positions
would keep them until sent for by their
draft boards and instructed by the board
to report to the employment bureaus, order
would quickly come out of chaos.
1T is impossible for the local industrial
world to employ at once 10000 men, and
that Is the number reported to be affected
in greater New York said Mr. Sayer, head
Of the Federal Divisio2 Of Employment of
the State Of New York 1T will take time
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

A RMY draft age limits are not
"A to be extended; at least, not
L. "a Immediately. The Fall amend
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

q I LOOKS as though "Work or
Fight" were destined to become the
n great American motto. Perhaps
it may even achieve the dignity
of a proverb, and go down through the
ages as one Of the moral lessons learned
from the war.
At any rate it is on the lips of many
man in this country who, until Monday
last, was an earnest young ticket scalper,
or a decoration in front of the village
store. For The word went out from Pro-
vost General Marshal Crowder and in one
stroke whole race became extinct, the
race Of bartenders, walters, passenger
elevator operators, doormen, footmen,
carriage openers and other attendants in
clubs, hotels, stores, apartment houses,
Office buildings and bath houses; ushers
and other attendants engaged in connec-
ton with games, sports and amusements,
except performers in legitimate con-
certs, operas or theatrical performances;
persons employed in domestic service,
and sales and other clerks employed in
stores and mercantile establishments, and
mere idlers.
The Provost Marshal Generals order
applies only to men within draft age,
but in New York State supplementary
law provides, according to "The New
forl, World,' chat every ablebodied
mum
"between the ages of eighteen and fifty in
elusive must engage in some lawful, useful
and recognized business, profession, occupa-
ton, trade or employment
"Ihe term useful probably will have to
be defined by the courts. The police have
listed as forbidden occupations all employ
ments which are contrary to law as we'll as
unlicensed baggage smashers, unlicensed
porters, wood chuckers along the river front,
stock brokers and tipsters.' To this list
the District Attorney has added ticket
spectators, Wallets, footmen, bucket shop
operators and clerks, restaurant hatcheck
men and some theatrical agents"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
From The London, Evening News.

be beneficial in it's effects on industry,
"The Detroit News" observes that
"the extension upward of the age of lsbil.
ity is to be for the purpose Of forcing men
into so-called useful employments. This
is admitted. The number of recruits for
the army to be obtained among men more
than thirty-one years old will be compars.
lively small. The majority even Of thos.
physically fit are likely to have responsi.
bilities that will make their confined
presence at home more important than their
presence in the trenches. But liability to
draft will induce good many people over
here to give better support than has been
their habit to men over there,n
Arizona republican., 1918-05-18
GIRL CHAMPION
 SWIMMERS WILL
 TOUR AMERICA
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

NEW YORK, May 17.-Miss Fannie Duraclz and Miss Minna Wylie, Aus tralian women, who hold several worlds amateur swimming champion ships are on their way here for an eX- hibition tour of the United States. They may not be permitted to compete at any sanctioned meets of the Anna teur Athletic union however, as their amateur standing has been impaired through a request from Mrs. Hugh Mcintosh, president of the New South Wales Ladies Amateur Swimming as- sociation, which was received here to- day by Secretary Rubien of the A. A. U. Mrs. Mcintosh cabled:
 Ladies swimming tour cancelled. Please interdict Durack and Wylie de- flying authorities"
 Secretary Rubien replied as follows:
 'Durack or Wylie cannot swim in American tour competition in the United States without sanction of your association"
 Mrs. Mcintosh had made arrange ments for these two great Australian swimmers to begin a tour of this coun- try beginning at the Pacific coast about the middle of June. They were to have taken part in several women's national amateur championship swims both here and in Canada.
 Miss Durack won the women's 100 meter Olympic swimming champion ship at Stockholm, Sweden, in 1912.