davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1918-04-15
B UL ET IN E.

LOADRA, 13 Aprilie. - Field
marcsalul IIaig, in raportul sa,l
de-Hoapte, admitca ca trupcle en-
elezc sunt presatc indarat incc-
tul cu incctul in lllptclc continue
din vecinatatc dc statiunca dc
drum fcrat la Bailleul. Inamicul
a ,,progresat putin intrc riurilc
Lave 81 Clarence. La altc punctc,
zicea ell, positiilc engleze an fost
tinutc. -'-e-s = e'-;---'-'-
Oficinl de razboi, a anuntat
progress pc plaimile della Lys. in
tre Armcnticrcs 81 Mcrvillc. Dea-
semeni a anlntat ca eel so Off
teri 81 5000 soldati capturMi la
Armcnticres an urcat numarul to-
tai al priSonierilor din bataliilc
din Flandra al 10000 intre earl
este socotit I'm general cnglez 81
unul portugez, pc linga cele 200
tunuri.
IIaig mai raportat ca Osten-
da 81 Zeebruggc an fost bOmbar-
date in nOaptea de Joia trccnta
de catre aviatorii englezi 81 tot la
fcl an fOst aruncate bOmbe asu-
pra orasului Metz 81 statiunei
de trcn SablOn, Vincrea trecuta.
PARIS, 13 Aprilie. - All s'a
anuntat official ca in rata data
All noapte asupra Parisului, au
fost omor1te II persoane, lar nu-
marul celor raniti trece de cinci-
zeci.
Rata a inceput cam pc la orele
10.45 p. na., 81 a tinut As de mi
mute.
L0NDRA, 13 Aprilie. - En-
glezii continua sd tina Bailleul,
dupa cum s'a auzit astazi aici.
Trupe proaspete le intaresc linii-
lie, dar situatiunea este inca tot
critica.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

furious wind, they joined hands in the St. Louis Valley near Floodwood in one wild burst of flames.
 The devil dance was on indeed.
 The Cloquet mills coughed and shirked, Duluth lay secure in her civic night and Moose Lake cared little for a fire in the distant woods.
 But the ore trains were blocked on the Great Northern tracks, a matter of international importance at the pres ent time, and the first word of warn ing was sounded in Cloquet. It was not very loud warning and no one needed it much. Then a train of refugees went through from Brevator on their way to Superior and held re- lief trains in readiness. The people smiled indulgently and coupled up the garden hose. So quickly do the mem | ories of former disasters pass away that the destruction of a large town by forest fire seemed to them in credible.
 1 The smoke had become so dense that neighbor bumped into neighbor on the street and yet the mill ran on. But at last the wise ones were con
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

damper in the smoke pipe besides the turn damper. Open it to check the fire, close it to make the fire burn more rapidly.
 2. The turn damper should fit the smoke pipe loosely and should never be entirely closed.
 3. Make use of the lift or slide damper in the coaling door only to let oxygen in to consume gases, if you are using soft or bituminous coal after fresh fuel has been added
 4. Just enough draft and that from below, checking the draft by letting more air into the smoke pipe, is one of the best general rules This fur | nishes oxygen from below, necessary for the consumption of the coal gases, and at the same time gives time for them to be consumed before being drawn up the chimney. | ,. All heat pipes in the cellar should be thoroughly wrapped with asbestos or similar covering to pre-. vent loss of heat by radiation.
 6. Crates should be cared for prop erly. A short, quick stroke of the shaker handle will sift the ashes through the gr, les. Leave grates ir a fiat position when shaking is fin ished. Clean the ash pit daily to pre- vent damage to g~ates.
 '. Avoid poking and slicing the fire-bed. It causes draft holes anG clinkers
 8. Never shake a fire that is low until YOU have put on a 1ittIa fresT coal and given it time to ignite. 4
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

vinced. For the first time in four teen years, the great steam siren shrieked its frightful call of impend- ing disaster and the authorities began
 herding the unbelieving people onto the cars. No Pullmans, these cars. A few coaches, baggage cars, box cars, coal cars of almost every type. but they could carry people; and they did.
 Reluctantly and often protesting the people clambered on. There was no panic and no confusion. Fear there probably was before the three trains pulled out, but if so it was well con tained and no one disgraced himself.
 In the meanwhile it happened. With one mighty bound, massive, solid wall of flame shot over the hill at the west Id of the lumberyards and all hope Sf saving the town was gone. It did not shoulder, crawl and leap by turns as ordinary fires do. With one great bound it clutched it's prey in instant flames. A dozen bIaz- ing centres had sprung up at once. Furiously the fires ragged. But even so 1t could not stampede that last waiting train of hone When the
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15
.I2x x7<72~<

flames began tapping over the rear cars, the train moved slowly ahead till free of the flames, and waited. The flames forced it to move again and again it waited. There were to be no abandoned souls in that town driven to madness by the sight of parting train. Eight thousand people taken out of town in one short hour, and only seven lost. Seven who were lost or refused to leave and never reached the tracks at all. It was a wonderful record.
 Nor was the reception in Superior less wonderful Superior might well be proud. Twelve thousand refugees welcomed, housed and fed in twelve hours.
 The few brave spirits who went back the next day to learn the fate of the town must have stood in silent awe of what they saw. Nothing! Hardly a trace of the thriving city that had hummed with normal life the day before. Block after block there was not a thing in sight above the foundation lines. Chimneys, frame work, everything gone. Mere black ened stubs where large crowned trees had heen- Brick buildings level with
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

Keep heating surfaces of the boiler well cleaned.
 The nation must maintain It's health, but there Is no conflict between health and fuel saving as a few thoughtless persons try to imagine. Dr. Ellsworth Hum ington of Yale, a health expert declares that an average temperature of 60-64 degrees is better for health than warmer one if enough humidity in the atmosphere Is maintained. He advises further that we keep pans of water near the radiators and let the temperature vary.
 Open fires are waste for fuel Over ninety per cent. of the heat from a grate fire goes up the chimney. Think of putting ten bucketsful of coal ir your fireplace some week and know ing that nine of them are absolutely thrown away! If you must have the cheer of an open fire, gather faggots by the road side.
 In The Kitchen
 Clean your kitchen range as you did your furnace. See that no fuel is wasted in cooking food. Bake several dishes at once, use a f1reless cooker, cook beans and casserole dishes on the ledge just inside the furnace door, iron while you bake and do the other one hundred and one little acts that mean coal saved in cooking. Sacrifice, responsibility, helpfulness- these are the watchwords of the con- fict in both field and home. Apply them to your tasks as fuel saver.
 "The more I am in it, the more interest take in this war, and the more I desire to do my part" wrote a French soldier who had fought, been wounded, made prisoner and escaped.
 Let us all get in it-in it more than we have ever been before Enthusiasm and the faith that will win do not grow in our hearts while we read in our lonely corner and speculate on peace possibilities. More than ever before, must we don our fighting clothes and emerge from our cellars covered with soot and ashes as a mark of the work we have done, but thrilled with the thought that we are lending our aid, feeble as it may be, to Foch and our men.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

the ground. And round about and through it all paved streets and curb ing. Indeed had it not been for these paved streets with many familiar crook and turn the searcher could not
 have found his way about, so com
 pletely had the buildings disappeared. Here and there the wreck of an abandoned automobile leaned drunk enly against the curb. A few stray dogs sniffed at each newcomer, and
 disappointed, trotted on to try again. Hardly a sound in this ghost of
 noisy city, even the footsteps seemed to lose their sound in that awful emptiness. Where row after row of lumber piles had stood the ground was
 smooth and clean, swept by that sixty mile an hour wind.
 Never was there such complete de
 struction of a good sized modern town accompanied by so little loss of life.
 Three days after the fire, reconstruc-
 ton had commenced. So thankful
 were the people for their escape that
 scarcely a voice was heard to bemoan the loss of property, as complete and
 thorough as well it could be.
 | Such was the astounding story of CIoquet, and pity it is that others | could not have been as fortunate.
 The devil dance was not confined to the St. Louis Valley. A branch of it shot across the swamps to the southeast and closed in on the ill., starred town of Moose Lake. They laughed at such warning as they had.
 No relief trains came to take them | out The blow was swift and terrible.
 It bathed wide stretch of country in
 flames and literally tore out the center
 of the town, leaving a fringe of houses along one edge. Destruction was swift
 and complete. People were burned
 in the houses in the town, drowned in
 the lakes where they had taken
 refuge, smothered in root cellars,
 overtaken on the roads and trapped in
 the woods. One couple put their seven
 children in the root cellar of safety
 while they went to get their stock
 The fire cut them off from the root i cellar. Through some miracle they
 escaped, but only to find their seven | little ones smothered to death by the
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

the exhaust cocks above and below the gauge occasionally to make sure that 1t is not salogged or the openings to 1t from the boiler closed up. They must be kept open.
 8. The level of the top of the water must always show at some point along the gauge. Its height will vary with the temperature of the water; but if 1t rises above the top of the glass there Is too much water in the boiler and some must be drawn off; and if it sinks below the bottom of the glass some more water must be let into the boiler.
 4. Be sure that the exhaust valve of each radiator works. Sometimes these valves need cleaning with pin or soaking in kerosene. If in doubt about one of them unscrew it from the radiator when the fire is low and there is no steam pressure, or else after turning off the radiator If yor can blow through it, it is all right. Ii not 1t must be cleaned until you can Don't fai; to replace it. It is advisable to have an extra valve to replace any enc that is temporarily out of order | 5. Don't fail to study the Genera Rules, applicable to all heating plants and also to keep the boiler f1ues clean
 Rules For Hot Water Boilers
 1. All the water should be emptiet from the slant and clean water pu in at least as often as every spring and every autumn.
 2. When the first fire of the sea son is built, as the water gets heated take the radiator key and open up th' exhaust valve of each radiator in turr until all the air remaining in eacI radiator is allowed to escape. Re peat this operation occasionally tc make sure there is no air interfering with free circulation of the water.
 8. Always be sure that water show in the glass gauge of the exhaus tank, which is usually located in tn top story of the house above the leve of all radiators.
 , 4. Be sure the boiler Is covere with asbestos, as well as the pipes il the cellar.
 5. Study carefully the Genera Rules relating to all types of plants
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

smoke and gases. The loss of life on every side was frightful.
 Still another branch of the devil dance left the St. Louis valley to the Eastward and descended all unherald' ed on the far flung eastern suburbs o1 Duluth. A night raid form the foresl on mighty city. Two hundred deaths tells the horrible story.
 Between these towns, including an area of thirty miles across, lies desola tion. Many another smaller town feli the heavy hand of the forest fire, ane paid a heart-breaking toll of human lives. Many tragedy was played thai night in isolated forests far from any helping hand. Many an unselfsh hero died unknown in vain attempts to save the ones he loved. Many a ittlf group of charred and blackened bodiei tells the story of fleeing families over taken in helpless flight on those lonely forest trails.
 The loss of marchantable timbeJ was comparatively small in the ligh of the area covered, but even thai when the young growth is includet will be a staggering total. The los of property, owing to the destruction of so many towns and country homo will be enormous. The loss of life l simply appalling even in these tima of war when ever swelling casualt lists make life seem lightly held. l is by far the most disastrous fire il Minnesota's history, and when thI whole truth Is known few will bl found to surpass it anywhere.
 It cannot be traced to any singh cause. The rainfall was eight inche below the normal last year and hal fallen twelve inches below the aver age so far this year. The leaves hal fallen and the weather was unseason ably warm. Certainly these wen prime conditions for sweep conf1a grafton. Miles of swamp and gras marsh normally water soaked at thl time of the year were dry as tindeI Add to this a sixty to eighty mill wind that ragged for several hours ant the stage was set only as nature coult supply the setting; but to the human element was left the final touch-ths touch of the match.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

leaks can waste more coal than an inefficient furnace man. The time is ripe to see that every window and door is weather-stripped Put on storm windows wherever the cold comes in, especially on the exposed sides of the house.
 Then begin at the furnace. Is it clean, thoroughly clean? Fire arms too clogged with dirt to be fired, and furnaces too filled with soot to give off heat will both be means of putting off the day of victory. Clean the smoke pipe and see that the dampers are in perfect repair. Use the cleanout door and brush to get out all soot and dirt from the upper part of the furnace. Attack the ash pit next. Re move all refuse, and keep it removed all winter. Are the grates in running order? Have them repaired if they need it. Clean out the heat pipes and cover them with asbestos so that no heat is wasted on the way to the rooms. If your plant is a hot-water or steam heater, replace the stale dir. ty water by fresh.
 General Rules
 There is always something to learn about a furnace. You may think you know your heating plant thoroughly but a little more knowledge may save ton of coal. Learn the general rules concerning the operation of all heating plants whether they be hot-air, hot water or steam.
 i. Be sure there is a check draf
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15
Z2 L5e AsoC1SSa

to watch alone. Wind and smoke had come before and no one had been the worse for it.
 So, "On with the dance."' Why worry over things that are none of ones business?
 Better had the land lubbers needed the wind and not rested so secure in their fahcied safety. Far away to the west and north that very wind was preparing some weird rites ordained to recover its lost prestige. Persist ently it whispered to many a little bunch of coals left smouldering in some lakeside swamps by the hunters. to little blazes wavering up from care less matches, and to clearing fires in sanely set at such time They might have been harmless enough without the drought and of little power with out the wind, but the stage was set for greater things by a master hand.
 The devil dance was on.
 Quickly those little fires responded to that seductive wind. Through dust dry swamp and swirling autumn l leaves they crept with eager pace, till, ] urged on to madness by the ever more
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15
Coal Coal More Goal Is inc Cry Supply Millions of Tons Shorf-HeIp Uncle Sam By Careful Attention
 To inc Care and Running of Your Furnace
By The United States Fuel Administration.

steel. The Germans early in the war took nearly all the French iron and coal mines and in their drive last spring put out of business a large number of French steel working plants.
 A gap of at least 5O,O00,OO0 tons of coal, between production and de- mand this year must be bridged Mines and railroads are doing mar vels, industrial plants are using many economies to secure maximum pro- duction with minimum waste of fuel but there still will be a deficit which can be covered only by thoughtful saving in homes. The eagerness of every householder to save coal some how, If not by tons then by Jumps, is the spirit which will furnish Marshal Foch with men and munitions, and the ships to carry them both to the fight ing front.
 Use the utmost care and thought in the operation of your heating plant. Do not turn your house-heating over to an inexperienced, uninterested per son. It is little thing to ask when one stops to think of those who have given their lives or their health for the victory whose approach we are all beginning to feel. Keep your home warm enough to maintain the well be- ing of your family but do it so eff ciently that every lump of coal will perform it's duty.
 There are few facts to keep con. stantly in mind when you are think. ing of fuel saving Your house must help the furnace help America hell
 all humanity. A dwelling full of air
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15
thin fire wastes coal. Disturb the firt as little as possible.
 Rules For Hot Air Furnaces

as little as possible.
 Rules For Hot Air Furnaces
 l. Provide cold air drops from up per floors so as to insure a return circulation from all rooms to the air intake of the furnace.
 2. Regulate the window of the cold air box so as to avoid too great a current of outside air. especially on a very cold day.
 3. Always keep the water contain | CT in the air jacket filled with clean water. Moist air heats much more readily than dry air, and is better for health, as well as more comfortable. l f. It is advisable to keep a jar of water near one of the first floor reg isters that sends out the most heat. Change the water frequently, prefer ably every day.
 5. Hot air pipes should have a good pitch upwards from the furnace, and should be of sufficient diameter. They should also be wrapped with sheet asbestos. A separate pipe for each room with a turn damper near the furnace is a good rule. Each pipe should be labeled, so that certain rooms can be shut off at the furnace when desired.
 6. Be sure the fire-box is gas tight All cracks must be thoroughly cement ed or new section put in before win ter sets in. Otherwise coal gas will escape into the air jacket and be car ried up directly to the rooms. '. Study carefully the Genera Rules pertaining to zother types ot heating plants as we1 as your own Notice the "cleanout" door and re member why it is there.
 Rules For Steam Heating
 1. The water in the boiler should be completely changed at least as of ten as every spring and every autumn Draw bucketful of dirty water iron the bottom at least twice a week ant each time replenish with fresh wate from the supply pipe. Cleanliness o water in the boiler is of prime import ance.
 2. Look at the glass water gaug, whenever you attend to the fire. Turr
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15
By E. G. CHENEY Prof. Of Forestry University Of Min ncsota And Chief Of The Expert ment Station At Cloquet, Minn.

@NHE AFTERNOON of October 12 Il91S, differed but little from
 many another afternoon that
 A Cloquet had seen in years gone by and her busy life pulsed on with normal beat. Her five great sawmills hummed and coughed as was their won't. the toothpick factory turned | out It's accustomed thousands of sur geon's paddles, the planers whined l plaintively, the endless stream of pulp wood went It's jerky way down the long conveyer into the paper mill, and l15O million feet of lumber in high, neat piles lay drying in the two miles of valley at the foot of the prosperous town.
 To be sure the wind was rising steadily, but what of that? Let sail ors cast their eye aloft and trim their sails with cautious care, it mattered not to men with solid ground beneath their feet. It was dry? Yes, twenty inches short of rain in twenty months, Ibut the fire ranger was an able man and surely he could handle the little ltract of 1o7 townships that were his
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-11-15

r-MERICA IS A vast factory for
 A the production of men, muni- IA tions and ships, an institution A so gigantic that it stretches from ocean to ocean, from gulf to north lakes, and employees countless hundreds of willing workers, clamor- ing for chance to do their share of this giant factory pounding day and night, in order that it may turn out at top speed the three prime requisites of war, is the duty of the American people. Fuel is the chief essential in keeping the wheels turning. Without it no men could be sent to the front, no munitions could be supplied to the armies, and no great transports could keep America joined closely to her armies and her associates in the war.
 This Is a steel war. Remember, as concrete examples of the vast steel needs of modern warfare, these facts:
 The Germans in the entire Franco Prussian War used 65O.000 shells. they used the same number on the Flanders front in 7S minutes this spring.
 At St. Mihiel, we used 100000 shells requiring 212,50O tons of coal for their production.
 A three-inch shell requires 20 pounds of steel or so pounds of coal for it's manufacture.
 Transporting our men and supplies abroad takes large quantities of coal The Leviathan consumes ten thousand tons each round trip.
 Europe is also calling on us fol
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1918-05-29
LARGE CROWD BIDS
SOLDIERS FAREWELL


i Eighty=fEe young men Of Marshall
county entrained at Warren on Mon
day bound for Camp Lewis, at Ameri-
can Lake, Wash. The men met at the
court room in the forenoon and were
given necessary instructions about SOL
diers' insurance and other matters and
in the afternoon at 80 they, together
with a large audience, assembled in
the same place to listen to a patriotic
farewell speech by Judge Grindeland.
Following this they we're escorted to
the five O'clock train by the Warren
Home Guards led by the Battalion
The largest crowd that has been seen
in Warren for many a day was at the
depot to bid the boys a rousing fare
we'll. Parents, relatives and friends OF
the boys had come here from all parts
Of the county to see them entrain.
Four men in the list published last
week failed to appear, namely, McFar.
flame, kokstad, rAntonsen and Ostman
and in their places, as substitutes tc
fill the quota of IS, were selected, AL
bert Kezar, Oslo; Frank T: johnson
Viking; and Sam Hougard, Strand
quist.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1918-05-29
AUTOMOBILE OWNERS
SHOULD HEED LAWS

Auto owners who come into this city
should be more careful in the way they
handle their cars. The sign posts,
Keep to the Right are put there for
purpose, not merely to show off.
When turning corners go around the
sign post on the right side. By cutting
across to the left you not only incon-
venience others but you also run the
risk of an accident to you or someone
else.
Cars should be parked on the right
side Of the street with the front end
facing the curb to about 45 degrees.
We have noticed a great many owners
stop their cars any place in the street,
paying no attention to how the car
stands. Some Of the people who do
not live up to these rules are citizens
Of Warren, and If we want good order
on our streets then we ought to start
with our own people first.