davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
EIGHT HOUR DAY MEANS
EIGHT HOURS, SAYS CLARK
Justice, Acting as National War Labor Board Unl-
pre, Renders Far-Reaching Decision in
Iron M0]ders Dispute.
Especial to the Labor Worldly

WASHINGTON, Oct. 3Acing national labor board
Justice Walter Clark Of the North Carolina
court has awarded Wheeling iron moers eghour day in de-
cson that will be reachng in effect few features this
sion
The basic eghthour day not eighhou day. but merely
which of extra
Eight hours should be the work day of
gency.
The question of what constitutes emergency left
the employer but shall be decided by standing committee
employees and representatives of the employer The
sent OF at least three members Of this committee shall
work than hours day of "A hours
Justice Clark the 10 pres appointed by the President
act where the national labor board fails reach decision
controversy between Iron Modrs union No. 1854 and the
Wheeling Mold Foundry of Wheeling W. Va the in
of the first section between the
which provides that eigh constitute for all
oder and Makers The section of the
1ide that 1.-The rate shall be $3.50 for the basic eghhour
working day. Both parties agreed refer the matter to the
tona labor board and that body referred umpire
The iron moders contended that the agreement eight
hour This contention upheld by Umpire Clark who sd
reasonable that the employees having agreed
day. should by the next rule repeal it by sbs
tuting 10 or 12-hour day for extra compensation.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
C0MPERS Is M0UTHPIECE OF u s. LABOR;
CLOSE FRIEND AND ADVISER OF PRESIDENT
BY CLARENCE DARROW
{ In the London Daily Mail).

Samuel Gompers, more than any other man in
America, speaks for organized labor.
In early life cigarmaker, for quarter of a
century, with but years interruption, he has
been the president of the American Federation of
Labor, which represents practically all the labor
unions of the United States.
Mr.. Gompers is "stocky,'' well-built man of
striking appearance. At 68 years of age his
mental power is at its prime and his physical
vigor unimpaired. He speaks slowly and dehb-
erately, but with directness and sincerity. He
never tries to conceal his meaning. He uses lam
guage only to make himself understood He
meets all issues square]y and without hesitation
He can be tactful without the appearance of COM
promise.
No one in America is so we'll versed in the
principles of trade unionism, and no other mans
advice is so eagerly sought and so much valued
in all matters affecting organized labor. A close
he perhaps knows better than almost any other
man what Mr.. Wilson thinks and stands for in
this world crisis.
MIR. Gompers while sympathetic to all the va
rious schemes for bringing about industrial JUS
tce, still knows enough of life and affairs to
understand that the world cannot be made anew
by any political scheme that may be handed to
the workers ready made
He knows that progress comes slowly bv the
gradual assimilation of new ideas and not bv
seeking to give society systems that it is not
ready to accept, and he has 'steadfastly held to
trade unionism as the institution most likely to
carry men from the present organization to some
thing higher and better.
he has, on this account, often been criticized
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
$35 DA1LyWAgE
FOR STEEL MEN
ON 8-HR. SCALE
U. S. Corporation Grants Basic
Plan, But Il Hours Of Labor
Means:Big Pay Boost.

CHICAGO. Oct. 3.-The United
States Steel = company announced
raise in wages for all employees today
which will make the salary Of the rail
straighteners at the Illinois Steel COM
pany s35 a. day.
About week ago the company an
nounced that all employees would get
an eight-hour day. which would make
necessary the employment of about
100000 more men throughout the
United States. Today bulletins were
posted through the various plants Of
the country announcing that eight
hours would constitute a regular day,
but that the men would still be re-
quired to put in II hours work a day
and for the extra four hours time and
a half would be paid as overtime.
This means that the minimum sal
ary paid any employe will be $500 a.
day or $3.50 week, and the maxi
mum salary will be $35 a day, or s210
a week.
There are $4,000 men employed at
South Chicago, $4,000 at Gary, 5000
at Joliet, 5000 at Milwaukee, and it
is said that about 225,000 men are en-
ployed throughout the country by the
company. The monthly payroll of the
big corporation in the Chicago district
is estimated at $1,600,000. The new
increase probably will raise this $780,
900 more.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
WAGE AWARDS POSTPONED;
Like EMPLOYEES ATTITUDE

WASHINGTON, Oct. s.-The ship
building labor adjustment board has
issued the following statement to be
posted in all shipyards of the country:
"Appreciating the natural impa-
tience Of shipbvilding employees at the
delay in the issue of the forthcoming
decision in reference to wages, hours
and working conditions in the ship
yards, the shipbuilding labor adjust
ment board announces that, at the
earnest request of the President, it
has entered into conferences with
other labor adjustment agencies Of the
government in an effort to. arrive az
some common policy which will be
just to all the; war labor forces, and
in response to the Presidents request,
it is delaying. its decision until the
conferences are concluded which it is
hoped will be in the near future"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
LIVING COSTS JUMPS
46 PER CENT IN 6 MONTHS

WASHINGTON, Oct. 3.-An inves-
tigation by the department of labor
shows that the cost of living for an
average family of five persons in Seat
tie, Tacoma, Portland, San Francisco
and Los Angeles has increased more
than As per cent from December.
1914, to June, 1918. Rent cost did
not advance materially during this
period, but the cost Of foodstuffs in
creased greatly, as did clothing, fuel,
Furniture and furnishings.
The average annual Expenditures per
family in the districts investigated last
June were: Seattle, $1,569; Tacoma,
1886; Portland. $1,33S; San Francis
co, $1,441. and Los Angeles, $1,2SS.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05

by the doctrinares who are impatient of the
slow processes of social change.
When war broke out in 1914 Mr.. Gompers was
pacifst. Like the rank and file of American
workers he did not like war; he knew it's cruelty
and waste and had ranged himself with those
who were seeking to Danish it from the world.
However, no sooner had Germany broken the
peace of the world than he at once ranged him.
self with all his great influence the side Of the
Allies He wise enough to see that the Ger
man military power represented autocracy and
was fundamentally opposed to everything that
means democracy and, therefore, the real welfare
of the workers.
When Americas declaration of war was fol-
lowed by conscription, Mr.. Gompers' services
were invaluable. A large proportion Of the
working people of the United States are of for
egn birth, and perhaps most of them are not
more than one or two generations removed from
foreign origin.
Not unnaturaly, perhaps, a large number sym
pathized with Germany. Many more hated mill
tarism and had come to America to escape its
evils and waste. q. ,>t **~>:>
The draft was startling and shocking to
them. Few men, if any, besides Mr. Gompers
have brought the unions to support the draft; but
he declared for it without hesitation or delay and
the world owes him debt of gratitude that it
will be hard to repay.
No one speaks with more authority from the
American workers than Mr.. Gompers, and few
better represent the people of the United States.
Without pretending to tell England what she
should should not do, Mr. Gompers, when he
comes to London, will make it clear how America
feels about this war and explain the methods and
purposes of her great strength and devotion.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05

I1ere IS a vast DOOy OF eXperA-
ence," continued Umpire Clark, that
a 10-hour day shortens the lives of
the employees, Injuries their health and
that in point of production there is
an increase by the substitution of
eight hours for a longer period. Even
if this were not true as to one day, the
accumulated fatigue of working more
than eight hours for series of days
reduces the production below the
quantity produced by strict adher-
ence to that limit.
Eght-HOur Day Best.
"Especially is this so as to the
molder's occupation, the life of whom,
working or 10 hours a day, SUBJ
ject to the heat and noxious fumes, is
said to average not more than Il
years. In work of this kind there
can be no doubt that greater produc-
ton will be had ~ the working Of
an eight-hour day than by working
nine or 10 hours.
ut is not conclusive, though a sub
ject for consideration, that the ma
jority Of the other shops in Wheeling
and vicinity are working on a nine
hour basis. All betterment has come
by improving conditions, and not con-
tinuing them when bad. Improving
conditions is the object Of this pro-
ceeding.
''The employers have, as a rule, pa
tfiotically given full aid to the pros
ecution of the war by placing their
splendid plants and their highly
skilled chiefs at the service Of the
government. The employees, as a rule,
have also, with the same patriotism,
yielded the eight-hour limitation for
the government. The former have re-
ceived great increase in profit. The
latter has contributed an increase in
the hours of labor, and vast numbers
Of men to fill our armies. The for
mer have received from the govern
ment; the latter have given to it.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
Continued on Page A.
lex WORKERS
.;ET BACK WAGES
- Get From $150 to $500
lCh Some Claim Checks .
Are Short.

HLAND, Wis, Oct 3.-The top
workers Of this city have re-
d their back pay from the begin
of the season as per ruling of
oard Of arbitration. This means
men on the day crew, who have
ed all season, received 'S1.5O per
over their schedule Of $3.75 and
light crew received the sum of
- more than the schedule: wage
per night.
men have lodged a complaint
the union officials, stating that
ONE instances their overtime
8 were from $50 to $50 short of
they had figured they were en-
to-. They received $3.50 to 5000
pay each.
It spring at the beginning of. the
easOn the men demanded an in
;, which was more than the
any desired to pay, and after
conferences between head Of
; of the railway and officials
union, it was decided to leave
! a board of arbitration to decide
the schedule Of wages should be,
to be retroactive from the open
the season. President Amos
sville of the top dock workers
:ho2en to represent Ashland,
let's and EScanoha wh;lo ToI,,,
son. superintendent of the ore
here, was chosen as railroad
enrative. These two men got
-er and elected John c. Roehm
city as chairman and neutral
er Of the board with the result
he, men were given their in
on which these back pay checks
eceived are based.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
SAYS MEN SHOULD Be
ALLOWED TO CHANGE JOBS

NEsQUEHONING, Pa, Oct. 3.-In
his report to the annual convention
of the United Mine Workers, seventh
district, President Kennedy declared
that men who have received deferred
classification should not be chained
to their jobs, but should be free to
change their employment, providing
such new employment is recognized
war industry.
Over 600 grievances have been ham
died in this district within <the last
two years, over 80 per cent being set
tied favorable to the workers. This
means an annual saving to the mine
workers Of 100000.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
OPERATORS AND Miners
ABOLISH GUARD SYSTEM

CHARLESTON, W. Va, Oct. s.-At
convention of recently organized
miners of the Fairmont district, an
agreement entered into between their
officers and coal operators was rati-
fled and for the first time in the his
tory of that field, trade unionisn is
recognized and the guard system is
abolished. Gun men and thugs have
lost an easy living because of the con-
tlnued agitation of these workers
whose fight against injustice has at
tracted nationwide attention. The
agreement affects $1,000 miners. I
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05

lSh and natlOnailSllC conquest
most dangerous. And at this
the President of the United
es has stepped forward and
>ked the path of any possible i'm
~ alism.
oes he needlessly offend the
er statesmen of Europe?
.ardly. He is saving some Of
n from the most terrible mistake
ten centuries. He is not saving
German or the Austrian or the
gar or Turk leaders: he lets them
their way to disaster. "Outlaws'
-,alls the German imperialists. He
truly that the league of nations
let them earn it's confidence after
peace is established. But to the
esmen of the entente he points
that the time is ripe for pledges
n each of them to the world Of the
ses. They can refuse to speak
their peril. If they do not yet
w that President Wilson's pro-
n of justice for humanity-jus-
for those who struggle in the
he world, then these statesmen
toying with very dangerous explo-
Views UnclOuded.
is the popularity of this great
~ he says, that while statesmen
seemed to cast about for defin1-
of their purposes and have some
seemed to shift their ground and
point of view, the thought of
mass of men, whom statesmen
supposed to instruct and lead,
grown more and more unclouded,
and more certain of what it is
are fighting for. National pur-
have fallen more and more into
background and the common pur-
of enlightened mankind has
n their place.
he councils of plain men have
me on all hands more simple and
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
LONGSHoREMEN PRESENT
DEMANDS TO LABOR BOARD

NEW YORK, Oct. 3.-Longshore-
men to the number of $4,000 pre-
sented demands for an 8-hour day and
wage of 81 an hour, with 50 an
hour for overtime. The men are en-
gagged in war work, being employed
in shiploading for overseas at ports
from Boston to Norfolk.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
COST OF TAXES is LOW.

WASHINGTON, Oct. st cost
$12,o0o,0oo to collect $3,694,7o3.334
governmental taxes in the fiscal year
ended June 80. This is at the rate Of
1924 per thousand, the lowest cost
in the history Of the internal revenue
bureau.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05
BUTCHERS GET 8 HOURS.

SEATTLE,t Oct. 3.-Organized
butcher workmen employed by James
Henry & Co. have reduced the work
day from nine, to eight hours with no
wage reduction.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05

PRINTERS GET WAR BONUS.
OAKLAND, CAL, Oct. 3.-The Typo
graphical union has secured a war
bonus of 50 week for it's members.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05

The columns Of this paper afford
excellent advertising medium for
II kinds Of merchants. Printers Ink
ays that space in labor paper is
uperior to that in any other publi-
alton, reaching the consuming class
and the rates are much lower
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-10-05

Continued on Page ~
The Cordova daily times., 1918-07-26
CADET AV|AT0RS IN NTRA|N|NCFOR
 WAR q RV!CE

RIVERSIDE. Cal July 2G Flying by cadet ayiators now is in progress at March aviation field, eight miles south east of Riverside.
 \ number of cadets have arrived from the ground school at the Uniycr- sity Of California, at Berkeley, from North Island. near San Diego where the government maintains an aviation school, and from other sections of the country. and already are busily learn ing the ups and downs of aviation
 On a tract of GiO acres sixty-two buildings have been constructed. These include twelve hangars, four of which are steel, and each accom- modating six planes; six barracks, each equipped to house 150 men; six mess halls. machine Shop. black smith shop. post exchange. aero sup ply building, aero repair building. Quartermasters supply depot, hospital, officers quarters residence for the commanding officer and Y. NJ. C. A. hut. The landing spot alone comprises loo acres It has been planted with grass seed and is watcred by sprin. kler system.
 The field is named in memory of Peyton C. March, Jr.. son of Major General PeytOn C. March. chief of stan of the United States army. The young man, who was an aviator in the United States service, fell and Vas killed several months ago while in a practice flight at Taliaferro field at Fort Worth
 Major John Barthholdf recently sue ceeded Captain w II. Carruthers as commander at the field. The adiutant is Captain William Allen Smith. Jr,. son of United States Senator William Alden Smith of Michigan
The Cordova daily times., 1918-07-26
VEAL THY MAN ENOOWS
 HOME F0R ORPHAN GIRLS

PHILADELPHIA. July 26.-lnform- ally, but none the less joyously, Car son College for Orphan Girls has been opened in Flourtown. Pa. Thirty lit tie girls form the first quota of pupils. Situated on the 4.000-acre estate called Erdenheim, the home and school for orphan white girls" has an ideal To- cation in the beautiful Whitemarsh valley about four miles above the northern extremity of Philadelphia. It is the gift of Robert Carson, promi- nent as a builder of railroads, whose will endowed the institution with a 5000 900 fund.
 The beautifully built structures composing the college group have been planned with an eye to home like qualities. The benefactor or the college so disliked the institution suggested that he even desired the girls tu be dressed in clothing Of va ried design and material. Nothing in
The Cordova daily times., 1918-07-26
VIRGINIA MINES : BE WORKED BY
 PORTO R|CANS

SAN JUAN, Porto Rico, July 26.-- Five thousand Porto Rican workers are wanted by a Virginia coal-minng company to bring it's mines up to 100 per cent output. At present these mines are underproducing about 15 per cent. The solution of this problem lies in labor, and the Virginia COrpOr- atiOn believes that Porto Rico can fur nsh that. It is willing to pay trans portation and provide homes for Porto Rico laborcrs if a way can be found for bringing them North. This has been made much more perpleXing by the sinking of the steamship Carolina and the danger of other submarine at tGcks.
 Still, Special Agent Roberts, who is in charge 4 the transportation of the island workers to the mainland. iS hopeful He believes that the federal government is going to make every effort to take North workers who register for employment. He points out that in the United States there is a shortage of all kinds of labor, while here, now that the sugar crop has rccn taken care or a large number Of men are idle and without mmedi- ate prospects of finding work If they are left here fhtV are condemned to long period of uSclesoncss and pov- crty, while their pr, sruoe in the North would be a real asset for the indus tries of the country.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-07-26
NOTICE OF HEARING PETITION FOR LETTERS OF ADMIN
 ISTRATiOk

In United States Commissioners
 Court in and for Cordova Precinct,
 Territory of alAska-ln Probate. In the matter of the Estate of Andrew
 Nelson, deceased.
 Notice si hereby given that K. E. Holden has filed with the aboye-en. titled court his petition in manner and form as required by law, wherein he prays that he be granted letters ot administration of the estate of An drew Nelson, deceased. and that Sat urday. the 24th day of August, 1918. at the hour of 10 a. m. on said day, at tke office of the undersigned United States commissioner and cX offiCio probate judge at CordOva, Alaska, has been fixed as the time and place for said hearing. at which any and all persons interested may appear and show cause, if any there be, why the prayer of said petition should not be granted. EDWARD F. MEDLEY, United States Commissioner eX of.
 iicio Probate Judge.
 Ir;,,. JIlp 191S
The Cordova daily times., 1918-07-26
,e nature of q uniform will be per

the nature of q uniform will be per mtted.
 Miss Elsa Ueland. president of the collce. has her offices in the central building, around which many beauti- ful cottages cluster She has staff Of trained instructors who will give the girls the regular grammar course, with certain special studies. The graduation age is IS.
The Cordova daily times., 1918-07-26

First publication. July
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-04-13

applied for in the past year was less
by S1,166,042 than in 1916, and more
over there was decrease of Si223,-
2S7 in the amount of cancellations by
surrender of policies pledged for loans.
AS to its foreign business, the Mu-
tual has now practically completed its
withdrawal from that field, retaining
only representative fer the care of
old business where necessary. 1t never
did any business in Russia or other
countries of eastern Europe; it with
drew from Prussia, France and several
other countries of western Europe
many years ago, and it has finally
except those in Canada.
A very interesting comparison is
that OF the expense ratios of today
with those fifty years ago.. in every
line of business expenses have in
creased. More has to be paid for la
Dor, for supplies and practically for
everything that enters into the cost of
life insurance. In spite of these in
creases the ratio of expenses to total
income, which in 1867, at the close of
the first twenty-hve-year period, was
1919, was for the year 1917 only 11.S.
The examples of extraordinary lon
gevity of some of the Mutuals policy
holders would lead one to believe that
the secret of long life is life insur-
ance policy. Noless than 1907 of the
policy-holders of the first twenty-five
year period were still with the COM
pany Dec. 81, 1917, after carrying
their insurance for periods ranging
from so to so years. The oldest poll
cy in force at the close of 1917 is that
of Thomas j. West, issued Nov. 80,
184S, more than sixty-nine years ago.
No less than sixteen policy-holdars
have lived and maintained their in
surance in force to age of SO or
longer. Five of these sixteen are still
living, the veteran of them all baing
Jesse c. Green. of West Chester, Pa,
who celebrated his Tooth birthday
Dec. IS last Shove & Son Insurance
Agency, Masonic Temple.