davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-05-20
Connecticut His Home a"

Connecticut his home
Mai Raoul Lufbery, to whom the lit
tie town OF Wallingford Conn, is as
much home as any, is regarded as the
ace OF American fliers, taking with him
much honors when he was transferred
from the Lafayette eScadrille OF the
French army to Pershings flying corps
Luibery is credited with having brought
down score OF German airplaneS,
which, for the most part. were brought
down when he was in the French flyirs
Lufbcry was on tramping trip oveI
Europe when the war broke out., anc
was one OF the first Americans TO en-
list in the French forces. and was on,
of those who formed the Lafayette
squadron early in 1916
Then Made Major.
When in the escadrille, he won the
rank of lieutenant. but soon after goinG
over to the American army, be wa
given The rank of major.
Recently IT was reported that Persh-
ing had ordered Lufbery from the fly.
CONTINUED on Page rs. Column 81
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-05-20
AMERICANS FELL
3 FOES PlANEs;
BRITISH Get q
u; S, HyiatorS Bag Two and
GunnerS One,

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY
IN FRANCE, Sunday, May l9--Two
hostile airplanes have been brought
down by American avistors says an
official announcement issued at Ameri-
can headquarters this evening.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-05-20
One By Gupfire.

PARIS, Sunday, May lo.-Ameri
can gunners have brought down a Ger
man airplane, II was announced Of
ficiaIly tonight
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-05-20
FIFTH OF FUND
FOR RED CROSS
GIVEN FIRST DAY
Nine Hundred Men and Wom-
en- at Work in City,
PLEDGES GIVEN BY 1902
Large 0yerSubsCdptiO0 Is EY-
peCted in This County,

Results OF the fist days Red
Cross war fund campaign reported
at the noon luncheon today are:
women oampaigners, S,2ls9S
from approximately 100 pledges.
General Besrley, s5,79l from Sls
pledges
General Scott s7,6oisS from 6S7
pledges.
General Dean S,l6s2O from $50
pledges
General vesper S,o3oso from 227
pledges
Total s3o,4l956 from 1872 pledges
not including pledges taken by
women.
The first fruits Of the 90 men and
women campaignerS for the SltDWn
Red Cross war fund being raised IN
Oklahoma county were reported at the
noon luncheon oi the campaign leaders
in the Chamber OF Commerce at noon
today TO the accompaniment oi a thrill
ing war talk and eNhortatlon OF cam
paign managers to the workers 20 strive
for large overSubScrlptionS The total
was Sj04l956. which represents sub
scriptions from approximately 3O32
persons and firms.
Aid From MANY Homes.
The most significant OF any of tho
figures reported was that announced by
Mrs Prentis, Price fo- the women.
$17lSGJ This represents 'untredS OF
miles walked by the earnest women can
vsfscis OF the city in their task OF
soliciting contributions last Friday ant
Saturday and haH a day todsy. Al
though a small figure as compared Il
the sums reported by the four generals
below, this figure of S2.2lS9S, however
represents each home doing something
ior the cause. This figure represent
the average contribution OF & per fam
ily. The women, through Mrs. h
Overholser report that no large contri
buttons are included in the repor
given today
This noon the campaignerS, men ant
women, at the luncheon heard Sergt
W ] Bennett d. {. NJ, OF Ontario
veteran OF the Canadian army VIII
fought twcnty-six months in Fralc
! without suffering single scratch, an'
Sergt Mai. A. f. Lowery OF the Can
,dian army, speak in behalf Of the Re-
Cross. and Robert Watchorn ot thl
CITY. All three speakers we're give
close attention. Sergeant Bcnnct
startled the campaigners when he mar
rated an instance OF German abuse o
the rules OF civilized warfare wher
five pairs of German stretcher bearer
after half battalion of Canadians ha
been mined, blown up and killed, ad
vanced toward the crater with stretch
ers covered over with blankets as
they were bearing bodies.
take the Flsg to Berlin"
The Canadians suspected it was
German ruso and allowing the stretche
bearers to come within good shootln
distance, observed the stretcher bearer
instead of carrying bodies were carry
ing stretcher loads of potato-mashe
type bombs Bennett said every stretch
er bearer coming forward was the
"Gone off" by the Canadians who ha
gained the crater'S rim
Sergeant Lowery said TO the cam
! Continued on Page 2, Column y
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

thanks to God, came into the
War.
1t must also be remember ed to
Italy's credit, that she entered
into the war in May, 1915, which
was the darkest period for the
Allies. The Russians had begun
to retreat on the Eastern battle
line, and Western front was also
beginning to show signs of weak
ness. Italy entered into the war
ten days after the destruction Of
the Lusitania, when Germany
was showing to the world the
ruthless policy WHICH she mali
gnantly intended to pursue, not
only against her enemies, but al
so the defenceless men, women
and children of the neutrai coun-
tries.
In other words, Italy entered
the war when it looked darkest
| for the Allies, showing conclusi-
vely that her fight was for civil
Iization and not, as some OF her
Ienemies have accused her, for
selfish and material reasons.
The world little knows that
! the naval, military and industrial
organization of Italy is of the
highest order, and that it is the
most economically admini5trated
of all the Allies. Italy has always
had to struggle against poverty
of resources. She has made ire
Imendous sacrifices in order tC
perfect the organization VIII ch
she now has in her fighting
| strength. Once into the conflict
the whole world knows with
what courage and determination
the Italians fought fronted, as
they we're, by almost insurmoun
table natural obstacles.
The reverses which the TIA
lians received were due TO the
most insidiuous German propa
ganda greatly intensified during
the period of Italy's neutrality
and still further accentuated il
the too long period that interve
ned between the declaration o.
war, first with Austria and thel
with Germany. But Italians
since the reversee have becoInt
so spiritually and patrioticall!
solidifed, that each and ever!
man in the italian army will di,
in its tracks rather than turn hi
back to the enemy.
/ am a firm believer that tn
italian army will never again re
treat, and that she has been, j
now, and will always be one o
the most important factors il
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

Such being the case, it would
have been impossible for any go
veInment to prevent Italy froa
finally Joining the Allies.
Just consider what might have
been the fate of the Allies had
Italy, with her Army and Navy,
been with the Central Powers,
France in the outbreak of the
war would have had to divide her
Army and protect her Italian
frontier. The small but brave
little British army would have
been poWerless to materially as
sist France both on the western
and the Italian fronts. Italy, by
her action in remaining neutral
until her Weakned army was
strengthened, then casting in
her lot with the Allies, helped to
hold the Huns until America,
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

valutare 10 state di tensione e di
resistenza morale del popolo te-
descO, gil stessi eTTOri che la Ger
mania ha commesso mel valutare
la tempra del suoi avversari, 81
.pOssono, del fenomeno, ritrovare
agevolmente le cause.
La vittoria del partito militare
sui partigiani della pace di ac-
cOrdi, la vittoTia di Ludendorff
e del Kronprinz sui pochi super
stiti fedeh della moZione del lu-
Clio, aveva rinverdito mel popolo
|tedesco una speranza che dial set
tembre 1914 non aveva plu mes
/ so fronde: la speranZa, e piu che
la speranza la fede, nella pace di
'vittoria, nella pace col ginocchio
sui petto e le mani al colo, come
quella che il Generate Hoffman,
aveva concluso allora allora a
Brest Litowsk, ira gil applause
di tutto il popolo tedesco, socia-
listi compresi.
Date ad un popolo, che abba
la voracita del popolo germanico
e che 81 trovi in uno state di cosi
fiduciosa aspettazione, la notizia
della vittoria di Cambria, 10 SION
damento dele linee nemiche, la
marcia fno a As miglia da Pa1lgi,
cioe la porta spalancata per la
capitale, e avrete Berlino e la
Germania in fiesta non per una"
vittoria, ma per ia" vittoIia.
Considerata la cosa dial punto
di vista di chi credeva di aver
vinto a fine di mario, la situazio-
ne della fine di giugno equivale
quasi, psicologicamente, ad una
sconftta; val quanto dire al ca
povolgimento di lutte le proprie
speranze e lie proprie illusioni.
Non solo: ma c'e un altro da
to di fatto, che nemmeno al po,
polo tedesco, per cieco ed illusC
che sia, puo sfuggiTe. Deve rite
nefSl cne non Sla plu pOSSlDlle
ALA Germania organizzare a pro
prio vantaggio una sproporziont
di forze e di mezzi quale ebbe ;
verificarsi il 81 MARIO. L'inizio d
quella offensiva ha segnato
massimo della superiorita ger
. manica. Da quel giorno in poi /;
sproporzione non ha fatto che di
minuire rapidamente, mese pc.
mese, man mano che Pesercito a
mericano, traversando sicura
mente PAtlantico, andra a pors
a fianco del suoi alleati. Facet
? pure nuovi miracoi di organic
zazione Id Germania: lie sue forz
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

Duro e terrible oltre ogni pre-
visione 81 e addimostrato il com
pito della marina militaTe, della
Grande siIenziOsa, ma la maggie
rama del pubblico ne ignora in
massima parte le vicende.
lie coste adriatiche poste, dopo
le prime sorprese, al sicuro da O.
gni insulto nemico; reso nostro
PAmarissimO, mel quale piu non
gal1isce al vento Podiata bandie-
ia austriaca; Pesercito serbO
tratto a salvamento a prezzo di
fatiche immani; i piu chiusi por-
ii nemici violati per tredici volte; /;
j frequent bombardamenti dele
piu munite e piu lontane basi ma
vail del nemico: ecco, in pochi
scheletrici tratti, la gTandiosa O.
pera della nostra marina mill
tare.
Ogni tanto, come un raggio di
sole che sprizzi ira lie nuvole, un
breve communicate rompe la cali
gine onde e avvolta la diuturna
fatica del nostri marinai, ed il
monde stupefatto apprende una
gesta in cospetto della quale i'm
pallidisce ogni piu eroico fatto
storico. Apprende la beffa di
Buccari, Pimpari ed ammirevole
combattimento della SterOpe, 0 lie
quasi sovrumane imprese di un
Goiran, di un Pellegrino, di un
Rizzo, con loro erOici compa-
gni.
Ma nessuno ha mai descritto,
/ e forse e impossible, la vita di
questi valorosi, che non solo sop
portano fatiche e privazioni in
credibili, non solo sfdano ad ogni
istante la morte spaventosa, ma
non hanno neppure la soddisfa,
zione tanto bramata dai veri no
mini di guerra: di affrontare i
nemico a viso aperto, combatten.
do soto la luce e la gloria de
sole.
Questo e che rende assai pc
sante ed aspra la vita quotidia
ma degli ufficiali ed equipagg
della nostra marina da guerra
cui non 81 e presentata finora, {
non 81 presentera forse mai, Poe
casione di schierare a battagliI
lie corazzate giganti contro Par
mata nemica, che nessuna offes;
o sida puo snidare dai ben mum
ii porti di Pola di Cattaro.
Tuttavia grand opere e degn,
del padri, ha compute la mari
ma militare italiana, onde il ri
cordo infausto di Lissa, che pc
tanti e tanti ami le gravo ad
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
AStGriSChi di Guerra
NuOva diChiaraziOnG d. Independence

a dcliaine
- n
dele
Terzz c.
il
a
a
a S a m
il
a
n
Eg
a
Z
ha
nehai ed o nellie eon deaa per far povere dao la druone
Egi ha pigoner pue
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
Il DISGORSO
DELI IIIuStTe William Potter al
Rotary Club di FiIadeItia

Mel numero del % giugno di
questo giornale pubblicammo un
articolo di comento del pubblici-
sta Crosse su un discorso che
PIllustre William Potter disse al
Rotary Club di Filadelfia. Oggi
pubblichiamo il discorso integral
mente perche i nostri connazio-
nall 10 leggano attentamente, es-
sendo esso iomaggio piu senti-
to che un cittadino americana alb
bia mai pronunziato in favore
dellItaia.
Italy has not received her fair
shares of credit for the part she
has played in this war. There is
even a feeling here and there,
that she has not eXerted herself
with all the power at her COM
mand for the cause of the Allies.
Those who say so do not seem to
grasp the magnitude of her eff
fort. First Of all, Italy had in
heart sided with Allies long be-
fore she declared war against
Austria. The Allies and the
world should not forget these
three facts:
1. - AS far back as August
1913, Austria had sounded Italy
/ in order to find out whether she
could have her support in a war
against Serbia. This offer receiv-
ed a flat denial, and Austria was
reminded that the Triple Allan
ce was purely defensive.
2. - In July, 1914, after the
assassination of the Austrian
heig, Italy appealed to England
not to disperse her fleet which
had been assembled for its para
de review in the waters of En-
gland. Italy knew of the German
plan of aggression, and did not
want to permit Germany to at
tack France when the English
fleet should have been dispersed
over the seven seas.
3. - In August, 1914, on the
eve of war, Italy notified France
that she could release every sol
der guarding the Italian from
tier, as she was not going to
stand with the Central Powers in
5heir deliberately provoked
World War. This made it possi-
bic for France to remove her ar
my from the Italian frontier, and
rush it to meet the Germans on
the Marine.
1t must be also remembered
that the Triple Alliance was ne
yer popular in Italy. 1t had been
posed upon her by Bismark, with
the purpose of sowing discord
between Italy and France.
Allies or not, the italian people
always had a feeling of hate, to.
wards the Austrians, and this
because Italy has always been 8
liberty loving people, opposed tt
autOcracy, and remembers with
bitterness the effect Of Austrian
autocratic rule in the past.
Fortunately for Italy, they
have in their King a splendid re
preventative of the brave House
of Savoy, which has always pos
sessed the same liberty loving
instincts of the italian people
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

winning this great war lOr civil
ization and humanity.
Let the Amemican people
show their gratitude to Italy by
placing everywhere the Italian
Flag along with the OLD CLIO
RY, the UNION JACK, thG 1RT-
COLOR of France and tht lIag
of the brave little Belgium.
(Signed) William Potter.
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

dosso come la cappa di piOmbo
sui dannati di Dante, e la ritardo
mel suo fatale andare, e oImai
cancellato per sempre.
Del resto, escano a baJtaglia,
Sc Posano, i burbanzosi nipoti di
TeghethOf. lie lOro navi trove-
ranno la tomba in Quel mare che
dovra ridiventare il Golfo dI We
neZia...
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

non potranno mai raggiungere la
superiorita travolgente che spez-
20 la resistenza della Quinta Ar
mata britannica.
E allora? Questo e pinterToga-
two angoscioso per j tedeschi.
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
CHIAROsCURI E PENOMBRE.

lie nOtizie sui nervosismO, sui
la eccitabilita, sui pessimismo
delIopinione pubblica germanica
mTivano contemporaneamente
da troppe e troppo diverse fonti
per non essere ritenute esatte. II
fenomeno esiste, innegabilmen-
te: e senza trarne consequence
esagerate, senza commettCre, mel
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
/ FIGLI D'ITALIA
PER IL 4 LUGLIO

I "a Z O,.r-1 Iai T7Fr-If 5fT+3f. III
~ L-yIS ~ -, - - ,,.l-,, - t ~,
iI I,i'',,'C ta ,,.'' daIio %-,o, ,,i 80
{t ''.,,t .I' q ~ ,,,l' - - ian, ~
; 90 iIeiia Il'. lo' n - - 80, 80
,aijG 1i' f;,D ,,,l,,.-,,' NJ { siI,o. - ~ @
I,, 80 J,i Bo5; - 5ai il' ", l-,'
w 49, W. ! 80 ,1 lt M ~;
li I,Tto1ig o - ~ -, I- - &c III -,
g. 81 " g. e. ,'' m ,,,,'' i,In 1'' o
att" g.. 10" II A., ID d. ' ,5-a7 .-'''5'to e.
So G I' 5. ,.,''' u,r w ii iio' g+ Goo 81
S'a,Io e Any w Co,,oiI;a, Ia, 0''' qua '''''
f'.,',T sfIata I4.,0l,,D aa,,,i,o;a ,IIo O amt
,,o,. 'f PrmaJ '- g. fnn y P;,lo d. Ct
l,i,,J; pT T'c" ,,o'. IT, ~ sodioi ,i, S+,.odo fno
STastn,. | % e. ~ o,o - io 6i,-sion 80 l' 3ta
Low q incoDai6 % Toiia oI,o,,Jo I'D NJ, Da
rota % I,OTdino nostio -,, g 7.iscossa ,,,l,ss 10
o.o,oraIo a,,,roi,.agiono non. sro;
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
Una Copia 3 Soldi

Avere avuta la grande, Ia inspe-
rata fortuna del crOllo russo,
clio nonostante non aver vinto.
Non vi e forse Quanto basta per
dubitare deIPavveuire?
API.
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
PER I PROFUGHI
DEL VENETO

DuTante la parata del 4 LugliO,
talune sorelle nostre portarono
una grande bandiera americana,
offerta per PoccasiOne dalla Mid
vale Steel Co.
Su questa bandiera 81 raccol-
sero per via dele offerte ammon-
tanti a S36.5O. Di essi, $3.50, a
mezzo del frateIlo Antonio Fal-
co, furono fatti pervenire ALA
Midvale Steel Co., per contribui-
re ALA somma che essa destina
per Pacquisto di sigai sigaret-
te che distibuisce al soldati che
passano in trenO davanti al suo
Stabilimento.
I rimaneuti $4,000 Il abbiamo
destinati per la sottoscrizione a
benefcio del profughi del Vene-
to.
Abbiamo quindi:
Somma precedente e.. $35,251.74
Offerte raccolte CO.
me sopra .-- S 5000
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

francesi, degh nglesi e degli a
mericani cosi e fuori di ogni dub
bio che nella nuova, immlnente
offensiva contro di moi, gil allea-
ii saranno accanto al nOstro eser-
cito in numero sufficiente e con
mezzi efficaci; diveTsamente il
fronte unico e Punico commando e.
sisterebbe solo nellie menti degli
illusi.
Ed um energico intervento del
nostri alleati 81 impone, oltre che
mel loro stesso interesse, anche
per una doverOsa deferenza all'I-
talia, che, dopo aver salvata per
due volte la causa della liberia,
dopo aver sostenuto sacrifici inn
mensi, di gran lunga supemori
allie sue risorse, dopo aver dato
mile prove non dubbie di lealta
allie attire naZioni al cui fanco es-
sa combatte, ristorava teste, col
la strepitosa vittOria del Piave,
Ia sorte dele armi e riaIzava il
morale degll alleati profonda-
mente abbattuto.
LA LIBERIA PAROL-N
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
UN'ALTRA LOGGIA
IN FORMAZIONE

Ad iniziatiVa del fratelli +.
Dori e M. Ianniello, nella sorri-
dente citta di Mount Pleasant,
Pa, sono state gettate lie basi di
una nuova Loggia.
II Prof. Pitocchi, Elk Grande
Venerable dello State di New
York, spiego magistralmente al
convenuti gil scopi del nostro Or
dine.
ALA riunione parteciparono
motif italiani, va data lode al
Signor Basile, che nulla ha ira
scurato per la formazione di que
sta nuova Loggia.
II Ia corrente vi sara un'altra
riunione per estendere la DOMAIN
da di dispensa.
LETTERE DI SOLDATI
II fratello Pietro Barletta, del
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13
Totale airs Luglio-.. $35,281,74
.NUOVELOGGE CHE HANNO
. .PRESENTATO DOMANDA
| DI DISPENSA.

Hanno presentato domanda di
dispense lie nuove Logge; "EnTi-
co Dumont" di Wilmerding, Pa.
"Fuori j Barbari" di Reynoldsvil-
le", Pa; "Capitano Silvio Resna-
ii" di Philadelphia.
| neo fratelli della Loggia di
Wilmerding hanno fatto gia i ne
.cessam preparativi per e3sere l.
niziati domenica 21 luglio.
La libera parola. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1918-1969, 1918-07-13

l forti caratteri Sono gil Del
S,Ipremi della Storia Nazionale.
The Washington herald., 1918-07-27

Montenegro against Austria. Au-
gust 3. 1914.
Panama against Germany, April z.
1877.
Panama against Austria, Decem-
Der 10. 1917.
Portugal against Germany, Novem-
ber 23. 1914 (resolution passed author
izing military Intervention as ally
Of England.
Portugal against Germany, May 10,
1915 military aid granted.
Rumania against Austria, August
q. 1916 (allies of Austria also con-
slider It a declaration.)
Russia against Bulgaria, October
10. 1915.
Russia against Turkey. November
3. 1914.
San Marino against Austria. May
Serbia against Bulgaria. October
Is. 1915.
Serbia against Germany. August 6,
1914
Siam against Austria, July q, 1917.
Siam against Germany. July .,
1917.
Turkey against allies November
o. 1914.
Turkey against Rumania. August
q. 1916
United States against Germany,
April 6, 1917.
United States against Austria Hun
gary. December Z, 1917.
The Washington herald., 1918-07-27

Germany against Portugal. March .,
1916.
Germany against Rumania. septem-
ber Il, 1916.
Germany against Russia, August l.
1911
Great Britain against Austria, Au-
gust Is, 1914.
Great Britain against Bulgaria. oc-
tober Is, 1915.
Great Britain against Germany,
August 4, 1914.
Great Britain against Turkey, No
vember 5, 1914.
Greece against Bulgaria, November
2S, 1915 provisional government)
Greece against Bulgaria, July 2,
1917 Government of Alexander)
Greece against Germany, November
Is, 1915 provisional government)
Greece against Germany. July2 1917
Government of Alexander)
Haiti against Germany. July S, 1918.
Honduras against Germany. July -,
191S' 81. '-r'
Italy against Austria. May a. 1915.
Italy against Bulgaria, October 10.
1915
Italy against Germany. August Is,
1916
Italy against Turkey. August n.
1916.
Japan against Germany. August ..
1914.
Liberia against Germany. August
l. 1917
The Washington herald., 1918-07-27

6-Italians. aided by French, start
offensive in Albania. Austrians
withdraw. losing thousands of men.
Won Mirbach, German ambassador
to Russia, assassinated at Moscow.
s-Dr. Edward A. RumeIy, pub
Usher of New York Evening Mail.
arrested for perjury. IL In charged
he bought the paper with funds
supplied by Germany.
11-Siberian republic formed. Ad-
miral Won Hintze succeeds Won
Kuehlmann as foreign minister of
Germany.
13-UnIted States has 10000 men
on the firing line.
15-Fifth phase of German Of
fensive begins with attack on ss-
mile front between Chateau ThIerry
and Massiges. Advance checked on
first day. Germans gaining only four
miles. Americans counter attack AT
lost ground. British occupy Kan,
ON White Sea coast.
16-Germans cross Marine at
points; checked east of Rheims.
Americans retake two towns
17-Germnns held at all points.
1S-French and Americans open
greatest allied offensive since 1917,
capturing eighteen towns between
SoIssons and Chateau Thierry and
advancing six miles.
10 - Franco-American offensive
continues, with another Emile
gain; Americans one mile from seis-
CONTINUED ON PAGE FOUR.
The Washington herald., 1918-07-27
DATES WHEN POWERS
SEVERED RELATIONS
Table Shows Times When Nations
Indicated Start of Hostih6es.

N.~@~~- @N-~---~-~~N
Austria against Japan, August 81
1914.
Austria against Portugal. March ls,
1916.
Austria against Serbia. July q. 1916
Austria against United States, April
s, 1917.
Bolivia against Germany. April IA
1917.
Brazil against Germany. April IL.
1871.
China against Germany, March IA
1917.
Costa Rica against Germany. Sep
tember q, 1917.
Ecuador against Germany. Decem-
Der Z, 1917.
Egypt against Germany, August IL
1914
France against Austria. August 10.
1914
Greece against Turkey. July 2, 1911
government OF AIexander).
Greece against Austria. July ?, 1911
Government Of Alexander).
Guatemala against Germany, April
q. 1917.
Haiti against Germany. June Il. 1871.
Honduras against Germany, May IL.
1917.
Nicaragua against Germany. May IS
1917.
Peru against Germany. October &
1917
Turkey against United states, April
20. 1917.
United States against Germany. Feb
ruary 2. 1917.
Uruguay against Germany. October
Z. 1917.