The Cook County news-herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Cook County, Minn.) 1909-current, 1918-05-29
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State and Federal Agents Mil
Enforce Public Safety deLdli
mission 0rdeI
P! "a VlGOjR'0UI DRIVE|
School Children and Patriotic cltIxsno
e Cooperate On Arbor pay, April
1e-6arberry e Vicious Ally
sz ~ .5: 81. !. Of Black Rust. $s5

q Black Rust.
+ you have barberry bushes--any
kind OF barberry bushes except the
Japanese (Berberris thunbergii) Ion
-FOUR place, whether It be . city lot
or farm, prepare to dig them now.
i In accordance with an order re-
Gently issued by the Minnesota Com.
mission Of Public Safety, barberry
bushes of all kinds. except the Jap
4anese, are to be dug up and destroy
ed. A.. G.. .Ruggles, state entomolo.
gist, has been commissioned to see
that the order is carried out Forth
with" which means right now. He
IL already at work. i q lIss@,3}t I'll s5 5>:*
The reason for the order is seen
IN the fact that barberry bushes are
the vicious allies Of the black stem
rust Of wheat and other grains. This
disease in 1916 caused q loss Of So,
o0O, 600 bushels of wheat in Minnesota
alone-about $30,000.00O as, wheat
prices stood then, about 100000, 900
worth of wheat as prices stand now.
That the barberry bushes are allies
of the black stem rust is seen In the
fact that the winter spores of the
rust, formed on wheat or grasses at
harvest time and remaining on the
straw until spring, cannot infect the
wheat. oats, or grass plants directly.
but must pass to tho barberry plants,
from which they are redistributed to
the grains and grasses In. condition to
90 mischief again. In this way, at
least In part, the rust plague Is re-
peated from year to year, especially
If the weather conditions are favor
able. 4lyGs 4.,s. a, -. 81
Safety Commissions Order.
The public safety commissions or
der for the eradication of the bar
berry was issued In order to bring
the state into close cooperation with
the federal government in 4 cam
paign against the black stem rust,
under the general direction of e. C.
Stakman Of the Minnesota experiment
station III the central west, and un-
der the special direction az n. N,
Freeman, dean. Of the Minnesota col.
lege of agriculture, in Minnesota,
The order in part reads a-~:..'
All barberry bushes except the
species and variety known as Jap,
anese barberry (Berberris thunbergi}
are hereby declared to be, and the
same are, 4 public nuisance and i
menace to the public welfare, and
their maintenance, propagation, sale.
or Introduction in, the state is forbid.
den. 1t shall be the duty Of. every
person owning or having charge Of
any premises on which { harberry
bushes of the rust-producing varieties
are grown, or at any time found grow.
ing, to forthwith destroy such bushea,
"The state entomologist Is author.
lied. -. to cause all rust-produo.
ing barberry bushes within the state
of Minnesota to be Eeradtcated, q. :, ;:
It shall be the duty Of tho county board
OF every county In this state to order
and cause. the eradication Of all such
rust-producing barberry bushes within
their respective counties under the
instructions and according to the di.
rectfons Of the state entomologist."
Eradication on Arbor Day.
In compliance with this positive or.
der, arrangements have been made
to interest the schools and communi.
ties of the state in the large eradica-
ton OF barberry plants on Arbor, day,
April 10. 5: = :.s ><s.@.'' ~, .'.' -,
The spring is chosen as the time
for the eradication campaign, because
it is then that the spores Of the rust
pass from the old straw to the bar.
berry to gain fresh lease OF life be.
fore passing on to the new crop OF
grains and grasses. II the barberry
bushes are destroyed at this time,
therefore, there will be. no new lease
Of life for the winter spores developed
late last summer.
Japanese V. Common sarberry,
The Japanese barberry is usually
from 2 TO- 4 feet in height and has
somewhat spreading. reddish brown
stems. while the common barberry
grows to q height Of from / to 8
feet. with its stems mostly upright
and Of gray or grayish green color.
The spines Of the Japanese barberry
are mostly single. while on Tho com.
mon barberry they are usually in
groups Of three. The spiness 81, the
former are geneally smaller .han on
the latter, also The buds and leaf
clusters on the Japanese variety ara
about one-haaf inch OF less smart;
on the common variety they Sare about
an inch apart. The leaves of the jap,
ansss plants are spoon.shapsd smooth
around the edges, and green, whereas
those 5of the other kind 10 large md
broad. have spiny teeth along the
edges, and ither kress. 81 1pjurplc.
The Japanese flowers and iru::. grow
singly or n small cluste ghilest hoss
on the other sroW Il lorx clusters.
How g Destroy the 'spiny liuns. &.
70 destroy The conaraon assery,