davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1918-02-07

OWL mixture of sand and clay form loan does a
third ingredient, humus, have to be present. KIN.
A:-What is ordinarily called loan consists principally
mixture of sand and clay. Usually calcium
carbonate and organic humuspresent in the mixture
ON speaking of the production and destruction of
vessels they referred many gross What
the meaning of the terms? B. A. c..
Al Gross expresses the total cubica interior space
of a vessel.
Net tonnage the cubca space actually available TO, freight
carrying purposes
Q:-Would you please the following questions in
your query column O When parties said have recnded
their contract? 2 When this be done? 81 May the
parties make after rescson covering the
subject matter? F. M. C..
A:-(D When they mutually agree to discontinue mutual
promise (2 At any time both parties agree
discontinue it. (3) Yes.
Q:-Please inform the duties and pay of musicians
in military bands. "A. A.
A:-As rule they have duties perform except that
of playing the instrument In mounted bands
required for his horse. Musicians instructed with
soldiers and liable service in the ranks any OCCASION
Frstclass musicians receive $4 month"; secoudcass
$3S month and thrd-class musicians $50 month.
O:-Pease tell me what yerba-mate is. "A.
A:-Paraguay tea, is extensively South American
countries substitute for Small branches
holly family off and dried The leaves
and packed in bundles for Tea made from by
STEPPING them in boiling done in making ordinary
Physiological effects similar those produced by coffee
Those accustomed like the flavor, though different
from that of Cultivated extensively in Brazil Paraguay
and other countries of South America
O:-(a) How many there in the Unioni (b
Which the last three admitted? (c) What requirements
be fulfilled in order that territory may become state?
C. F.
A:-(a) 49, (b Oklahoma, November. 1907, Arizona
and New Mexico, August 1911. (c) The Constitution
Article w. Section New States may be admitted by
the Congress into this Union. Usually when the population
of territory reaches sufficient number justify its having
Congress- the people territory petition
Congress for permission draw constitution and be
admitted into the Union If Congress fit do
Enabling Act which that the people of the ter
rory may draw up constitution. convention is held
for that purpose and when drawn up the constitution is
presented Congress If approves, it act admit
ting the territory into the Union State
While this the usual method of procedure, in the of
has been varied In the of Arizona and New
Mexico their constitutions submitted the President
who vetoed that of Arizona because contained provision for
the recall of judges On receipt of the Presidents veto Con-
gess epaed the BILL with stipulation that Arizona should be
admitted only when constitution had been amended
eliminate the recall of judges.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1918-02-07
Notice to Inmates

That the ''drives' made in our Silent City in
behalf OF war loans and donations to field service
auxaries were completely successful is evident from
the figures given out by the management.
The total amount subscribed by the inmates to
the First and Second Liberty Loan is Cd $4,000
and CD 50 900 respectively In addition to this the
sum of S. ,7OS.83 raised by the sale of War
Saving Stamps making 1874, 2OS 83 applied to loans
to the government. or $37 per capita.
To the Red Cross the Knights of Columbus and
Jewish War Fund the inmates subscribed $2,28175
or 81. SO per capita. The Red Cross this instance
receiving 81 469 So the Knights of Columbus $75725
and the Jewish War Fund, $55. This donation, car
rying with it financial recompense, is a splendid
showing for free giving.
The total amount of m ,neys loaned and donated
is $36 4SO.5S or $4O53 per capita.
The inmates have every to congratulate
themselves on this demonstration of true patriotism
No oratorical drives were necessary to bring about
this result The quiet and simple appeal of the
Country's necessity together with suggestion that
inmates participate in aiding all that needed
for hearty and generous response.
1t is hardly necessary to add that the official
family takes personal pride in this splendid showing
of true Amercanism by the inmates, and in behalf of
the representatives. of the committees in charge of
the various funds thank the inmates individually and
collectively for doing their bit.
The best sellers at present are the papers that
contain the most fiction.
Below will be found list of new books that are
not catalogued in recently issued Library Cata-
logue. And in order that the inmates may imme-
diaely avail themselves of this addition library
Shelves the call numbers and authors are given so
that delay is caused in enjoying the privilege of
selection.
The books are donations from outside friends of
our library, we'll as from inmates who their
release, have donated various volumes.
As these gifts always sincerely appreciated
by our grey brotherhood the donors feel assured
that their considerate kindness that is treasured
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1918-02-07

NOTICE TO INMATES

the appreciate
pounity that their
through acqui
education Night need helpful noma
ton connection with their various will
with be privileged the Query welcomed
send queries interest with
kind collaboration of Miss Miriam Supervisor Institution
Libraries will gladly information
NOTICEIn order regulate the conduct of this column in
sign their name register number and lock number
all queries submitted for publication Inmates names, Of
will be published only the initials of each querst
being used. (Ed.)
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1918-02-07

ranchng around which was woven delightful comedy
and pathos The pictures were appreciated by all
and the efficient operator did them full justice
The orchestra provided the usual harmonies by
presenting program of popular musical hits for the
occasion. The program follows:
PROGRAM
Popular One-Sep-Tre Ben (very jean Marvel
Seecton-Pau Jones Comic OPERA Moses
Waltz-In Holland "a Dutch Waltz clair Van Lynden
Patriotic OneSep-Ove There The sensational hit of the
season) NJ. Cohan
IdyleThe Mill in the Forest Rich Elenberg
Fox Tro-The Dirty Dozen "a Jazz Drag)---C M. Jones
March-Send Me Line George L. Cobb
R. ]. REIcHKrrzER, Musical Director.
Every man is said to have his peculiar ambition
Whether it be not, l can say for one, that
have other great that of being truly esteemed
of my fellow men. by rendering myself worthy of
their esteem.-LINCOLN.
Service to mankind has been neglected" says
the editor of the New ERA, today it is becoming a
more established fact that only live in
ure as he serves And he only successfully
in he esteems others greater than himself.
Humanity is beginning to comprehend the
seriousness of the truth athouth is slow in accepting
its doctrines The spirit of seshness and greed has,
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27
Military Comment
By William L. Mcpherson

NfE ugly the
\ Allied line southwest of
The British night admits that
taken Mount KENNEL hold
cast of the mountain They
southwest Of Mount KENNEL
Not satisfied with these gains again
line beginning somewhere north
east to the Ypre Confines Canal
Ypres Reuters bulletin to Otowa westerly
and than miles northeast
Canal
west at Locre.
The German have worked
long famous Ypres salient If
Messnes Ridge and with the aid of the French couldn't hold Mount
KENNEL it is useless risk for them to to hold
retirement from Ypre would naturally
OF the British lines the
defend in the Ypres
eight miles due connecting with
Hazebrouc This road joins Iazebuc with the running
Nieppe Forest to Behune 1t is invaluable feeder
Flanders
There heights Poperinghe which new
line defending that town could be based Coming
this position would be- roughly
ngh South and southwest
Allied line running toward the Nippe Forest still
Discussing the situation Major
cfe the British Director Of Military Operations
possible to hold Ypres with KENNEL
will be lncorvenient, and we hope to get him Off"
This has the of British
with Major General Maurces pancky of
happening Blucher? What has
The Allied armies in the Ype salient
attack vigorous enough the Germans
date they haven't developed power They failed to
retake Messnes Ridge that enemy
the German effort to enveop Ypres has made
ccdng Mount KENNEL the hardly fighting for
On the Somme front the Allied
attack with equally powerful
retook Vier Bretonneux which Wednesday, Yesterday
the French reganed most of the Thursday
iangard They captured raptured tn.
western of the village fghng
On the Hndenburg making no headwsy And in the
larger ateglca sense this remains the almpoant
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27

tacking from Villers-Bretonneux to
opposite Hangard, have made prog
reSs.
Dispatches from British headquar-
ters state that yesterdays brilliant
counter attack by the Australians,
supported by English troops, who
drove through enemy forces four
times their strength, restored the
situation in our favor. The Frencs,
are reported heavily counter attack
ing this morning in the region of
Wytschaete.
Foe Foodless Three Days
Prisoners taken in the Lys sector
say that for three days they had
been foodless, owing to British artil
lery having prevented supplies being
brought up. British long range guns
have been particularly active in the
cnemy's back areas, where they are
doing great execution among the
heavy columns Of transport moving
along the Gheluwe-G -Gheluvelt road.
The English troops engaged before
Amiens were the Berkshires, Northamp-
tons, Durhams and Yorkshires, rein
forced by young troops recently raised
in England, and which recently gall
lantly held Villers Bretonneux against
an inferno of gas shelling until over
whelmed by an assault of five divisions
of the enemy The Germans seized
and established permanent hold on
the village, which they packed with
machine guns.
Counter Attack Surprise.
Consequently, it was necessary tha1
yesterdays counter attack should be
surprise, and it was accordingly de-
cided to make night attack with
bombs, bayonets and machine guns
without artillery preparation.
Hours of grim fighting followed al.
the more so because the artillery on
both sides was silent, as the com
batants became ineXtricably mixed be-
fore the Germans were finally driven
out, and this important position dom
mating Amiens was restored to brltish
hands. The enemy may return to the
assault on the village, but he is now
in an awkward salient, formed by the
confluence of the Somme and the Avre,
and he may soon find himself IN
slaughter house position.
Hangard is also important, but it
has changed hands so often that the
enemy's hold there may be considered
t~pcariOllS
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27
Reserves Will
Decide Battle
Is British Vie,u
Continued from page l

ly against the Germans, and that is
what we want.
con the morning of April "a the en-
emy began more serious effort oppo
site Amiens, and yesterday he. started
a heavy attack on the KENNEL front
The enemy has made considerable prog
ress. The latest information is still
incomplete, but there is no doubt that
the Germans succeeded in occupying
KENNEL Hill, sector involving both
French and British troops.
"The net result in the KENNEL sector
so far is that the Germans have gained
/ 200 yards. The gain is not large, but
involves very important ground, and
there is no question but that it is a
very serious loss.
"'There IS nothing decisive about the
loss of KENNEL Hill, but it is most
important tactica! feature. 1t is an
observation point for all ground to the
north, but it remains to be seen where
it will remain in the enemy's hands,
Our line to the north is all right.
"Kemmel Hill is an isolated height
covered with woods, which stands
rather out in front and apart from
that range. of. hills which General
Maurice has referred to as the back
bone of the position.
"On the south the situation at Viii
! lers,Bretonneux is very satisfactory.
We have taken back all we lost, and
with the village we have taken many
prisoners and inflicted heavy losses.
Villers- -Bretonneux is a most important
which one may look down the western
slopes toward Amiens.
Looking at these two attacks, we
see one thing. In each case the enemy
has struck at the junction of the
French and British armies
Gas you know, that must always be
a weak spot. With the best possible
arrangements and with the best under
standing, it must always be difficult to
arrange for immediate support, both
by artillery and reserves, when two
different commands are involved. These
difficulties, naturally, are increased
although we and the French have been
fighting alongside each other for three
and a half years and have absolute con-
tidencc in each other, yet we must al
ways expect the Germans to try to find
a joint in the harness.
"Speaking generally as regards the
German policy as evidenced in the
events of the past few days there is
nothing to alter the view that General
Maurice put before you.that it is the
German intention to wear out the Brit
ish army. He has been unable to break
it or divide the British and the French.
There is no reason to doubt that a
| big offensive on a far greater scale
than ever is still to be expected be-
tween Arras and Amiens with the OBJ
iect of driving in and separating the
British and French. So far the whole
German success is merely tactical. He
has won ground and taken positions
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27
French Advance on Wide Front Paris Announces


had
We have etaken the position at the south of
a of the portion village
The battle
violence The Germans have tried
resistance notable OF of angard
the launched their
our lines without forcing valiant troops to give ground
The combat n whic
rctaken positions which held in
There of
Iartmannswcilerkopf.
fighting during
of different
especially Iassigny
Mie the Aisne,
in the Vosges We
Gained Complete Success, Berlin Reports
BERLIN, April Headquarters has issued tho
f0Hg counter attacks ae, uoun x.m. and II ~.
south of vierBrenneux heavy
DAY.The attack General
led complete The height ITSELF looking
Fander Plain, is possession.
the defence of Mount KENNEL
Wytschae and Dranoutre
itselfw
captured
Vleugelhoek.
on roads of the enemy which crowded with and
ported to the present The majority of the prisoners
English among the
penetrated
held strong
1t the
failed
number of prisoners this
2400
stormed the
trenches having
pshd their task they returned to their lines prisoners
THURSDAY NGHTThc General Arnim engaged in
battle for KENNEL Height
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27

famous Prussian Guards, met the most
determined resistance from the French
troops wherever they came in contact.
The German effort gives more marked
signs of becoming desperate attempt
to force way to Amiens, whatever the
cost. This cost hitherto has been very
high, for neither the French nor the
British are ceding an inch of ground
without taking the heaviest toll from
the German attacking forces. Several
additional German divisions have been
terribly tried since the offensive was
resumed this week. and the enemy pos
sesses only limited number more
with which to continue MS overwhelm-
ing rushes.
From March 81 until to-day the Ger
mans have employed approximately 1870
divisions, of which thirty have been
withdrawn to refill the ranks, and have
then been sent into the battle for the
second time, making the total of di-
visions in action 100. q
About seventy other divisions have
not yet been engaged in the battle, but
Of these a considerable proportion are
untitled TO do more than hold quiet
sectors. The forward movement must
therefore be carried through very
quickly, as otherwise the German staff
will find itself without further re-
nerves
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27
Allies Struggle
Desperately to
Refake KENNEL

ny Inc H5SfTidtSN ITfssJ
WITH THE BRITISH ARMY IN
FRANCE, April 26.--The Allied
arms to-day were taking the initia-
tive on both the northern and south
ern ends Of the battlefront. This
morning the British and French
troops, acting in conjunction, began
counter operations in the region Of
Mount KENNEL and the neighboring
territory which the Germans mad
captured.
The aggressors at the time Of the
filing OF thjr dispatch had made
some progress, but they were bat
Ming in the face of great odds, and
heavy fighting was continuing, with
the enemy holding the advantageous
high ground in ttrength.
South OF thy Somrne the Allied
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27
Laborers in Hungary
Irritated and Bitter
Resolved to Use Every Means to
Overthrow Government
Serious Demonstration
April y

WASHINGTON, April 26.-An Official
French dispatch from Berne to-day
states that the labor agitation in Hun
gary is serious and that the Budapest
strike on April % was of large pro-
portions. The dispatch follows:
"The strike at Budapest on April 22,
which has only been learned of through
a brief dispatch from the official Vi
emma correspondence bureau, was in
reality of considerable Importance.
The 'Arbeiter Zeitung' of April % says
that Budapest in the afternoon Of the
22d was the scene of formidable dem
onstration. More than 250,000 work
men gathered on the outskirts of the
city and open-air speeches were made
at seven different points.
"The workmen in their enthusiasm
adopted a very lengthy resolution.
which the censor did not allow to be
published in its entirety. The work.
men testified to their irritation and
their extreme bitterness. They decided
to use every means, including illegal
ones. to overthrow the government,
which does not satisfy the working
mems claims in what concerns cleo
toral REFORM"
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27
"Save Us!P Villagers
Cried, as the French
Rushed TO Fill Gan
The Neac YORK; Tribune


How the French came to the aid of
the English in the first days of the
German drive is told by Albert Lon
ores in the "Petit Journal of Paris
a French division, he says, in camp
south of the Disc. was busy building
barracks at 3 o'clock on the morning
OF March %. The next day they were
to take their places in the trenches in
a quiet sector. The men were inter
rupted at their work by the call to
arms and they dropped their saws.
seized their rifles and equipment and
fell in.
The alarm had already reached the
villages. and as the soldiers marched
the villagers, loading their household
goods on their little cars. called to
them, "Save US! Save us!'
In front of the marching men was
the cloud OF dust raised by division
of cavalry. Maps were hastily dis
tributed among the officers on the
route, for they were going to the bat
tie in country new to them. They
came on the field and found the Eng
lish in retreat, and the English could
speak no French, while the French
could speak no English, and there were
no interpreters.
What was the duty OF the French?
1t was to cover the British retreat. A
battery was falling back and they
stopped it and turned it about to face
the enemy. Wherever the soldiers
stopped they began to dig in. 1t has
become their second nature. But there
was little stopping. Attack followed
attack, and sometimes the French
counter attack met the German charge
half way.
Tho enemy came on like a flood,
flowing and rehowng. The struggle
was foot to foot and body to body 1t
was which Of two men should win. The
field Of battle changed constantly. Men
lived and fought on their nerves
officers and soldiers alike The British
were found where one thought they
had never been. They turned up in
little groups without officers. They
could speak no French But they cared
not They asked only to fight
Slowly the battle changed. The fire
of the artillery increased. There was
less Of the hand-to- hand, less of the
bayonet The field became larger the
line established itself Regiments came
with their bands at their head,
tEeir flags spread to the breeze, coloncls
on horseback and the men marching in
regular ranks. Camions came bringing
men of famous regiments, who sang as
they came. And in an auto, alone, we'll
wrapped up, watching keenly from his
deepest es-Clemenceau!
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27

and sent swirling streams of death
from their machine guns down the
slopes into struggling masses Of Ger
man infantry which had surrounded the
hlli ana was trying to battle to the top.
Some OF these fearless poilus at the
latest reports were still there, and the
staccato chatter of their rapid firers
sent out the message to their general
hat they were obeying his order to
mold or die
Battled for Railway
Along the Ypres- KENNEL railway the
defenders held for considerable time
and inflicted heavy losses on the attack
ing troops.
Meanwhile the French infantry on
the crest Of the hill was pumping
steady streams Of bullets from machine
guns into the Germans.
The enemy troops kept pushing on
antil finally they swung their line in
circle about KENNEL. Throughout the
carly hours Of the day they tried again
and again to swarm up the slopes of
such grilling punishment that they
were unable to get forward. SIX hours
Of fighting passed before any German
Infantry was able to get near the top OF
the hill
Although German picked divisions
advanced yesterday morning all along
the line between Wytschaete and Bail
leul, the brunt of their attacks was
directed against small sector of the
Allied line little west of Wyts chaete.
SO heavy was the pressure from the
overwhelming number of troops that
the defenders were forced back.
Fling in Fresh Troops
Into this gap the Germans flung fresh
infantry which started turning move
ment downward about Mont KENNEL.
The French who were defending the
hill! fell back slowly. contesting every
yard OF ground furiously.
The battle was at close quarters.
The Germans continued to suffer ter
ribe casualties. The shell. torn slopes
Of the hill were strewn with the dead.
The French were still In their positions
on the hill when evening came, al-
though apparently they were sur
rounded. II any of them were able to
hold on through the night, and had am
murltion left, their assistance must
have meant much to their comrades,
who counter attacked this morning.
In consequence of the German push
about Mont KENNEL it became neces-
sary to draw back the Allied line some
what on either side Of the hill. This
was q mere incident in the struggle,
however, for Mont KENNEL is all that
matters.
On the front below the Sommc, par-
tlcularly in the vicinity of Vilers-Brc-
tonreuX, which the British have re-
captured heavy casualties were in
f1lctcd on the enemy with artillery and
small arms
New-York tribune., 1918-04-27
Baby Tanks Play
Havoc With Foes
Infantry Ranks
Continued from page 1

numbers of others are rumored to have
been assigned to participate in the at
tack.
The 4th Guards Division, which adj
vanced against the town from the
south, expected seven tanks to accom-
pany it, but three Of them did not an
pear.
Tanks Surprise to Germans
The German divisions attack;nc
Cachy were told that four tanks were to
support the assault, but these were
missing at the appointed hour. Thus
eleven tanks had been figured upon. but
only four were actually to have been
engaged. The German prisoners state
they never had seen the tanks before.
although they had often heard of them
The greatest secrecy appears to have
been maintained by the German higher
command regarding these engines. no
much so that the infantry had not been
trained to work with them in their in
itinl appearance.
The German tanks sent into the
fight at Villers- -Bretonneux acted quite
independently Of the foot soldiers,
Their business apparently was to
search out the machine-gun nests and
engage them. The fact that the crews w
Of two of the enemy tanks abandoned
them when they got into trouble would
seem to indicate that the personnel is
not experienced.
Four German tanks came forward
with the second attack at about 9
o'clock. Only one clash between them
and the British tanks occurred. That
was when the quartet came up against
one big British machine and two
smaller ones.
Both of the latter had been dam
aged somewhat by the heavy cannon
nde, but the bigger British machine
forced tho enemy to retreat. and put
one out of action. The crew of this
German tank fed, as did that of an
other. which nfterWnrd got stuck In