davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17
At EnaIand,s Steel Mills.

The labor problem in the British
steel industry, so the sIron Age hears
from London, us becoming more COM
pick, and difficulty is being expert
enced In keeping plants going at full
capacity. On the other hand, means of
transport have improved.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17
SHIPPING Board Fixes Waves.

A supplemental wage scale, an
nounced by the federal shipping board,
fixes the pay Of refrigerating engi-
neers employed on ships operated by
the board at $95 month, electricians
800, deck engineers $95 and pumpmen
$85. The rates are retroactive to
May 4.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17

Arrangements for The Ainerican-Jap-
anese expedition to Siberia hive been
going forward rapidly and tile Czecho-
Slovak forces over there Win soon
have the active support Of a small but
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17

Authorities admit that the kaiser's
strength is still prodlgious and that he
has large reserves, but all unite in as
sorting that he has passed beyond the
high point of power and efficiency and
can never regain numerical supremacy,
nor can he ever again have the oppor-
tunity to achieve a victory that was
his two months ago. Those of his peo-
pie who know the truth now admit
that his ultimate defeat Is certainty.
The more fearless papers Of Germany
and Austria do not hesitate to say this
plainly. The military and pan-German
leaders are held responsible, and as
their only hope lies in administering
to the allies the crushing blow SO long
promised by them, it is reasonable TO
expect another great Hun offensive be-
fore long. That is, if Marshal Foch
gives them chance, which doesn't
seem to be part of his present
plans.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17

"Ns men living are more worthy
be trusted than those who toll up fro
poverty, none less inclined to take or
touch aught which they have not hon
estly earned. Abraham Lincoln.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17


Huns between Scissors and Reims, as
was predicted, gathered their strength
for pause in their retreat between
the Vesle and the Aisne. Their guns
were brought into play from the plat
eau in that region which commands
the Vesle valley. The Germans, in
deed, made strenuous attempts to pre-
vent the French and Americans from
crossing the Vesle, especially in the
vicinity of Fismes but numerous rela-
lively small units forced the crossings
and held onto their new positions de-
spite furious counter-attacks. These
operations were mostly between
Braisne and Fismes. Up to the close
of the week Marshal FOch had not
tried to send any very large forces
across the river probably waiting UNI
til his artillery could drive the Huns
from the nearer hills to the north.
The Germans were using only medium
caliber guns, which was taken to mean
that their heavier artillery was being
placed north Of the Aisne to defend
that line; FOR there seemed little doubt
that they would be forced that far
north before very long. Their position
south of the Aisne was said to be real
ly untenable though seemingly strong.
At the west end of the line the French
and Americans were steadily pushing
east along the Aisne, and at the east
end Immediately north of Reims the
French made considerable advance be-
tween the railways running to Laon
and Rethel.
The city of Fismes, which was so
CALAMITY taken by the Americans, was
as CALAMITY held against all attacks,
though the Germans deluged it with
explosive and gas Shells The machine
gun and rifle fire of the Yankees was
so accurate as to arouse the admira-
ton Of their allies.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17
BY Wilbur q Nesbtt
NExk6or 0T
Tour Flag and Ny Flag

How did we make the flag?
By rule?
By compass and square, and line?
With pattern. and thread and the sempster's tool
To follow the plain design?
Was It only the lore that the craftsmen knew
That gave us the red. and the white. and blue7
How did we make the flag?
Not ell
By measuring stitch and seam,
For part of 1t came from country call Wall ST.
And part Of it is a dream
Is vision that led brave souls alright,
And gave US the red, and the blue. and white
How did we make the 1ag7
In peace
We fashioned 1t fold on fold,
In war It was blend with the grim caprice
The drums in their summons rolled
Twas the courage alike of the quick and dead
That gave US the blue and the white. and red.
How did we make the flag?
Twas thus
It came to its grace and worth,
Through all that is good in the souls Of us }}}y
The banner has had its birth;
Twas the holier strength Of the purpose true
That gave US the red, and the white and blue.
Thus have made the Aag2
All, mol
By coors that will not fade, 8ss iii
By sinuous sweep and by deathlesa glow.
lis US that the flag has made!
And It whispers today to each star-told state.
You must hold me high and must keepme great"
1aWa Ga7EsSs=-z1
..' y. l11l
mspshshs INN b. We n Nsaae& ss Is ~
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17
scbooIbovs WHO WORK.

OF the 1900 pupils Of the De Witt
Clinton high school, New York, about
one-third are either partly or entirely
self-supporting. ay 81,
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17

An outstanding feature of the often
sive was the great use made of tanks
and airplanes. Instead of long bonn
bardment which would give warning
OF an attack the light, swift tanks in
hitherto unequaled numbers led the
uau- clearing the ground for the adj
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1918-08-17
Entered at the postoffice at Knox
vile, Tenn, as second-class matter.
BY WILBUR D. NEsBrT

Subscription Rates, by mail, one
year, s1.00; six months, 80 cents;
shree months, 25 cents; single copies,
2 cents.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
SURPRISE FOR HUNS
IN STORE FROM HERE
shipping Board Ready to Take Care
Immense Army Planned by
Baker.
SECRETARY BEFORE SENATE
He Says Size of Army Depends on
Transport and Answer is Made
That All ships Necessary Can be
Supplied.

Washington April Secretary OF
War Baker told the senate committee
on military affairs this morning that
the strength Of our overseas fighting
force would depend upon the tonnage
that could be supplied by the shipping
board
The shipping board this afternoon
A. The most important conference in
the history OF the organization, pre-
pared an answer for Secretary
Baker f. is that the shipping board
viii be able to supply ships for the
transport and maintenance oversee OF
all the American troops now available
for fighting duty.
This program. il carried out, Will
mean a million lighting Americans IN
France this summer. and should win
the war for the allies
The assurances given General Geo.
w Goethals about the oversee trans
port OF troops and supplies would be
a surprise to this country, II pubiica .
tion in detail were permissible, and
far greater surprise 10 the military
masters of Germany. who have been
assured that fresh American troops
could not be brought to the assistance
OF the allied forces in France
The surprise spoken of by DAVID
Lloyd George that the Americans had
the shock that will kill all ambitious
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
Huns and Dutch
Strain at Leash

Washington, April 24--CnoTiciai
advices reaching here tonight TO the
effect that the German Ambassador to
Holland and the Dutch am bassador to
Germany have been recalled. took
Washington by surprise.
While IL has been known that the
situation between the two countries
has been intense in consequence of the
action OF the allies In Setying Dutch
tonnage and the refusal of Holland to
permit German supplies to 60 through
Dutch territory. officials of the state
department declared tonight that they
could not believe an actual break had
come.
No official advices, it was positively
stated, had been received.
At the Dutch legation where officia ]
confirmation was also lacking the
opinion was expressed that the Ger
man AMBASSADOR had simply returned
to Berlin for instructions.
1t frequently happens. legation Of
fciais explained, that the Dutch and
German ministers. owing to the near
ness of their respective capitols. go
home for instructions OF important
character rather than rely on the un-
certain character of tsiagranhic esm-
nanasstioa-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
Fuel Chief Says
Coal From State
Is Sent to North

Claiming that many tons OF coal
that should be delivered into coal bins
in Virginia are being diverted TO New
England cities and factories. State
Fuel Administrator n r, Byrd yes
terdav sent the following telegram TO
the national administrator, DIR. Harry
GARFIELD. at Washington;
Order directing all shipments from
Pocahontaa and New river fields to
te diverted TO Ttdewater has created
critical situation throughout Virginia.
Coal shipments now insufficient for
current needs and many war essen
tial Industries may be forced to CLOSE
unless relief is quickly given.
Domestic consumers in accordance
with your request have placed orders
with retailers for seasons require
ment but deliveries cannot be made.
Report for April coal receipts In Vir-
ginia show less receipts than last
April, Virginia is willing to suffer
any hardship SO ~ 20 bunker ocean
vessels at Hampton Roads. but Nir.
ginia consumers desire TO protest
against coal contracted for shipment
into Virginia being diverted to Tide
water for water shipment to New
England states. Respectfully request
that embargo be modified permitting
essential needs of Virginia to be pro-
vided for.
For nearly three weeks entire out
put of Pocahontas and New river
fields have been diverted to Hampton
Roads, much of which, | am informed
is being shipped to New England for
domestic purposes.
(Signed1 II. F BYRD."
Mr. Byrd says that many factories
in Virginia only have coal supply
that will last about three or four days
The sending OF the coal from Virginia
ports TO New England takes away the
supply originally intended for use In
this state-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
PRESIDENT NAMES
JOHN D. RYAN HEAD
OF AIRCRAFT BOARD
Copper King Will Have Full
Charge of Production With
Brigadier General Kenly in
Control of Flying Force.
Squier for Signal Corps.

! Washington. April at hn D.
Ryan was tonight named director Of
aircraft production for the army. He
! has accepted.
king OF America. due to his develop
ment OF the Anaconda and other big
copper properties The announcement
gave his home as New York city and
Montana.
+ Major-General Squier. of the signal
corps, is relieved Of all connection
with aircraft production for the army,
and is limited henceforth to the ad-
ministrstive work Of the signal corps
Howard + Coffin at present head
Of the aircraft board. is retained in
an advisory capacity
The change in personnel OF men re
sDonsible for the production of air
craft is coupled with a reorganiza-
ton OF the aviation section of the sig
nal corps a new division Of this sec
tion, to be known as the division of
military aeronautics. is created and
viii be under the direction Of Briga-
dier-General William l. Kenly X Will
be responsible for the training Of avia-
tors and will direct the air forces The
official statement naming Mr. Ryan
as issued by the war department reads:
Mr. John n Ryan has accepted the
dictatorship OF aircraft production for
the army.
a reorganization Of the aviation
section of the signal corps has been
also effected, Of which the principal
elements are IS follows;
! General Squier, as chief signal Of
fcer. will devote his attention TO the
! administration of signals; a division
. Of military seronautics is created. un-
der the direction of Brigadier-C1eneral
William l. Kenly. The aircraft hoard
created by act Of congress, remains AT
advisory body, as it has been in the
past, with Mr.. RYAN as its chairman
This arrargement is with the entire
concurrence Of Mr.. Howard Cofir
who remains a member Of the advis-
torv commission of the council OF IA.
tional defense and will render as
distance and counsel 10 the aircraft
board and Mr.. Ryan,
The division Of military aeronaut-
les will have control OF the training
OF aviators ana the military use al
2 ejrcraft The eexact division Of func-
e ton in the matter of designing anc
engineering will be worked out as ex
perience determines between the di
vision OF military aeronautcs and th'
r division Of production.
= THE announcement involves M
-. change Of personnel in the presen
: equipment division Of the signal corps
: of which w c. Potter is chief an(
!, which will continue under his direc
> ton "
The selection Of Mfr. Ryan for tn
n position Of director Of Production
n came as a surprise TO Washington
To- Appointment of a single director q
y gircraft production has been expected
d for some time. but the name OF Mr.
e RYAN had not previously been con
Z uected with the place He was hori
e in Michigan ffty-four years ago, and
besides being president Of the Ana
II conda Copper Mining company, is
n director in A number Of the NOR
n powerful banking institutions Of New
York city. His record as man o
, force and an executive Of rare dis
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
SERIOUS SITUATION
IN CITY GAS PLANT
If EMPLOYEES Are Not Given Increase
IN Pay Works May shut
Down.
MIN SEIzk BETT71R JOBS.
shortage of Help in Fire. Police and
oihcr Dcparmcnts--Eina Com
ntttcc l. Asked 10 Furnish Means
of Relief.

Hearing from the heads Of all the
city DEPARTMENTS. from Inc admins
trative board fire comm lssioners. the
mayor and Individual clty employees
on the question ~ salary increases,
the finance committee last night ad-
iourned to next Monday night 70 CON
slider the proposition
Mayor Ainsiic presented the case Of
the police department, pointing out
that the low wages with the high
cost Of living. was materially mill
tatinr against The efficiency Of the
department. lie urged that an in
crease be given the sergcants and pri-
Yates commensurate" with the condi-
lions prevailing lie satd there We're
eight vacancies IN The depart ment
and the applications were not of sutii-
cieRt importance 10 impel the chief
to I'll them The department no
longer offered attra ctions to men who
might he found TO NJ into the places.
Policeman Frank Gentry repre-
sentinE The men, said there was a
great unrest in the department and
that unless some relief is offered there
will be greater list of vacancies
Statistics presented indicated that
men in the police departments Of
other cities were getting much more
nay tina n those IN the Richmond de
partment,
Commissioner W. A. Cheatwood and
chief Joynes. OF the FIRE department
disclosed a deplorable condition in that
department. aud the men. represented
ny Captain Taylor. asked for relief In
the shape 81 time Off, rather than IN
an increase In pay. Men wanted more
time to spend with their families and
ask for every third day Off, This, Il
is said ny the officials, will necesst-
tate the employment of forty-two ad'
dtttonal men, or the transformation ~
the department into notorl5et
system. which will cost about $4,000
Chairman John HirschberE. ~ thf
administrative board presented thu
rlcas IF the various departments IN
der the board He said that all the
departments were losing men daily anc
| that II wagese were not Increased th'
efficiency Of the different Department.
would be badly impaired. lie pointed
out that the men In the gas depart
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

from England OF a more aggressive
naval policy. IT is declared to repre-
sent the acceptance of another Amert-
can suggestion which has been urged
to the point of raising a serious dif-
ference OF opinion between Washing
ton and London.
An official observation which would
AFFORD much satisfaction to the English
government authorities, could identt-
ties be established. was heard today
as follows:
The holiness and daring with which
the British navy executed the move
ments against the German submarine
bases on the Belgian coast supplies
the most hopeful development of the
war. II does not matter whether or
not the first material results obtained
represented success or failure
The point is that the initiative sue.
cessfuily maintained on the hixhseas
by the Germans has been challenged
In brilliant fashion. 1t is almost GER
tain that the first movement will be
followed by operations OF even greats
err nagnitudA That means the deR~
man navy must come cut and nxhl
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
NEW DRIVE FAILS
ON WEST FRONT
reuton Onslaughts, Launched in Dense
IyPacked Waves, Are Repulsed by Al
lied Troops---Foe Makes Claim of
Slight Gain in Flanders---British Ad-
miralty Reports Hole Blown Into Zee
brugge Mole as Result of Naval Raid

London April 24The Office tonight issued the follow
ing official report todays operations the west fronts
AT $50 O'Clock this morning, following violent bonn
barment attack repused on the whole brnsa
front south of the Somme by the French right
Later strong attacks in this sector repuised IN ts@
north and south but the enemy progressed toward Vlers-
Breenneux mine miles almost due east of Amens capt
ing the village
"Other attacks this morning the north bank of ehe
Somme and north of Albert repused We took feFf
prisoners.
Northwest of Fesubert ION Flanders 'front.' northwest Of
La Basse), retook post lost April o. inicng he.
losses the garrison, few prisoners taken and
machine guns captured %
"A strong enemy local attack to the of Robeeq
successful Our line remains intact We took eighty four
prisoners.
Gin minor operations Of the forest of Nieppe and this
neghborhood of Metren took few prisoners. During the
night twenty of bombs thrown different targets
the places rded including Roulers Mcre Armeneres Ba-
paume the Chalmers railway station, Tourheu Journal
Ceurra and the Zeebugge docks Direct hits scored
sutnc in several fires
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
Poe's Two-Cent
Debt Is Paid

Charlottesville. va, April a4.-The
debt of two cents charged against
Edgar Allan Poe by the University
of Virginia, for keeping certain vol
umes of history overtime, has been
paid by the American literature class
OF Virginia lntermoat college at Bris-
toll,
Poe contracted a debt of sixty cents
in fines while at the university in
1895, but the musty volumes in the
rotunda basement show that only
fifty-eisht cents was paid. A two
cent stamp was sent by the literature
class. but no mention af interest was
.Rads~
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
Success at Bruges
Cheers Washington

Washington. Aprf1 34.--Eavy depart
ment officials believe the initial
thrusts made by tho British navy at
Zeeburgge and Ostend were mere pre-
llminaries to a major operation which
may turn the tide OF the conflict In
Europe
Admiral Sims. commander OF the
American sea forces in European
waters, has made no report His ST.
ience is said to indicate that the de-
tails of the first movement are closely
linked with strategic plan only
partly executed as yet.
No incident since the beginning of
American participation In the war has
90 stimulated optimism ~ this sign
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
Virginians Get
Commissions

Washington. April 2%.-@The list or
men who have qualified for appoint
ment as second lieutenants at the
third officers training school at Cam p
Upton was made public tonight by
the adtutant general These men will
be carried on the list of eligible ON
GERS and commissioned AT such time
as suitable vacancies occur. The list
includes:
Thomas r. Torthye, Middleburg,
Va.
George n. Moore, Concord. n, e.
William l.. P1ckhardt, Chester, va.
Charles A. Piper, Cumberland, Md.
Maurice Phillips, Quantico. Md.
Earl e. Sang. Huntington, w. Va.
Chapman K Vaught- Goodwfr's
Ferry, Giles county, Va
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
WILL or MRS. PUTNEY
is FILED FOR PROBATE

Especial 10 The Richmond virginian.)
Wytheville. Va, April 34-The will
of Mrs. Ellie Withers Putney was pro-
bated here today The estate is val
ued at $4,000 and is left in trust
with the Virginia Trust company for
her two children. Mrs. Page Dame,
of Baltimore. and Stephen Putney.
monthly allowance of $40 IS
given a grandson. Ellison Putney.
The Richmond residence goes to her
son and the wytheviile home TO Mrs
Dame Raw. Page Dame. OF Balti-
msse, Is $iss exseutsr.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

The above dispatch from London gives the first definite,
official results the great naval raid by the British tho
German boat bases Zecbugge and Ostend the coast
of Flanders
It shows that British aerial squadron set ont shortly Of
raid Yesterday morning establish the results achev-
cd.
The blocking Of a great part of the fair at Ostend
moves the doubts of the efficiency of the British attack
that base the results there having been obscure to the
issuance the British admirays statement referred to IN
the above dispatch.
The difficulties encountered by the raiders at Ostend
the words of Sir Erie Geddes first lord of the admiralty
considerably increased by mist rain and low visibility ard
the consequent absence of aerial observation
Two block ships ashore and blown at Ostend
since when last in the darkness these vessels
slightly off their course there doubt whether
they had achieved their aim
The sunken object" referred in the admiray's state
ment presumably is of the block ships,
Regarding the results accomplished at Zeebrugge Brit
h aerial observation shows that tremendous damage done
the great mole in addition to the entrance of the
ing effectively blocked by the obsolete cruisers
which hewn up while British volunteer sailors attacked
the and fought hours engagement with the German
garrison.
The twenty yard break presumably blown into the
by the cruiser Vndctve and by two obsolete submarines
which deliberately against the mole with the objee
Of doing much damage as possible.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
zEEBRUGGE MOLE BLOWN UP.

London April PA break twenty yards vide blown
into the inner of Zeebgge mole by the British
naval raiders yesterday morning the admiralty announced this
afternoon This important result of the brilliant feat def
nitelv determined by aerial observation today.
At Osend aerial observers sunken object between
the piers blocking the greater part of the fair way the
rally statement adds
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
THIRD LIBERTY LOAN.

Total subscriptions reported by
post cards through Aprii - 80 the
ederAi Reserve Rank;
II
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

BY Liberty Loan Committee. John
kcer Bra nCh. { hartman.
Every man, woman and child
who i willing to participate in a
parade and every man, woman
and child Nllo j. willing 10 go To
~eSs a parade, are requested to de-
vote just that amount of time ou
Friday, tpriI 2s. to tho sale Of
AT least one iibcrt, bond.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25
CALLS upon ALL
To Do THEIR BIT
ON LIBERTY DAY
chairman Branch Of Executive
Committee Wants Individu-
ais to Sell Bonds
tlEADERS NOW EAGER
To PUT RICHMOND
HIGH ABOVE MARK

Mayor Ains!ie to Speak in JEFF
fcrson tiotel Auditorium To-
night When War Pictures
Viii be Shown
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

Continued on Second Page)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

CONTINUED on Eighth rase)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

Continued on Second Page.)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

II YOU want information concern
ing anything i'm connection with
The cit. drive, call up headquarters
phones and asst, for Mr. Brunch.
MIR. Dabncy or Mr.. Rogers. II
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

War pictures nj jefferson audito-
rum at O'Clock; address by Mayor
AipSiie.
Academy. night, :. o. I4ndeman.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-25

CONTINUED on Eighth Page