Trench and camp. [volume] (Augusta, Ga.) 1917-1919, 1918-01-30

ems that came up for settlement,
time to time in the course of French
~ 1t is the purpose OF the present
lie to show how the consciousness
ationality awoke in France, and the
)rtance of that consciousness in ms
H.. People may be said to possess the
TAI it of nationality who speak the same
guage, have the same traditions or
N tory, and whose interests, such as
,1glon, literature, and industries, are
re same. If such people agree TO. I'VE
##n der the same government, they con-
tttute nation. The tendency is, Tor
people whose language and interests are
ne same, to come together to form
"a alton unless natural obstacles such as
M ountains or water, keep them apart
-. an unnatural obstacle is placed IN thelr
ay of uniting, it does violence to the
"a turbance are likely to result An IL
itration of this fact is to be found IN
III Nv. When the present kingdom OF
~ ky was formed in the past century, by
S# "a union of independent states that be-
WED in union there is strength, Austria
HI SIS able to retain certain Italian speak
~ z lands around the northern part OF the
Cratic sea, and keep them from joining
Is, united kingdom of Italy The inhabi-
@slts of these regions feel that me me
- liam union will not be complete untn
- the Italian speaking regions, which
10y call Italia 1rredenta (ltaIy unre-
sGemed), have been brought within the
Engdom Italy entered the great war to
5cure from Austria the lands, which.
Ssalian kingdom.
alt has been equally clearly demon
q Grated in history that it does violence
r. the principle of nationality to at
-Ampt to include different nationalities
N%nder the same government. In the set
Elements of Vienna Q815), Belgium and
Holland were put under the same gov
eminent, Holland being Teutonic anc
q Protestant and Belgium being Latin and
Catholic, the interests of the two coun-
tries were directly opposed, and they
could not live peaceably under the same
government. After a brief experimnt un.
Her common rule, it was found neceS-
H AIRY to erect each country into sepa-
Gate kingdom. Austria-Hungary consists
II different nationalities which the EN-
b error has had great difficulty to holg
together.
u very prominent characteristic of 9
Slation is resentment at any attempt o!
Ia foreign authority to exercise contro'
Sover it's internal affairs The brave Ut
@tle Serbian nation rejected austria S
Hherce ultimatum in tho summer OF 1919
Aoecause, if she had accepted 1t, she Woule
Alave given Austria the right to Interfere
n her internal affairs, against which hel
Irrational sentiment reyolted For some
time before the outbreak Of the war
nearly all people, except those of th6
central empires Of Europe, had learned
kthat it is both wicked and Improbable
20 violate the principle OF nationality.
To return to France. When the kings
succeeding Hugh Capet had in the course
of about two centuries and half.
brought the great barons under subjec
ton to the royal power, p great step had
been taken in the development OF FrencF
national life. When the people in the
different sections, which had been al
most independent, could dImiy perceive
that they had common interests, and
could take pride in the deeds OF the king
which brought glory to the French name
the spirit of nationality was daWnlng
and the king would receive the support
of the people when he pursued French
national, rather than q selfish, dynasuc
policy. When the French people became
conscious that they were united ma
ton the question arose, What were to
be the boundaries of the French king
dom? AS they looked about, it appeared
to them that certain natural boundaries
had been clearly defined for them name
~ the Pyrennes mountains on the south,
the Atlantic ocean on the west, and the
Alps and the Rhine river on the east, and
that since within these boundaries, nearly
all the people spoke the same language
and had the same interests, they should
all live under the same rule It became
a settled and determined policy in French
history to reach these natural bound
aries. The southern natural boundary
was reached comparatively easily, al
though at different times it has been the
p, subject of dispute, The present article
: will deal only with the reaching OF the
10 7estern natural boundary.
SEQ William of Normandy lin northwestern
aance) conquered England in 1866 and
transmitted to his successors both the
lgIish realm and his French territories,
.1ich were later greatly added to, chiefly
- inheritance and marriage. Naturally
lie French kings were eager to drive out
lGhe English As time went on, and the
spirit Of nationality awoke more clearly
|, in the minds of the French people, the
more jealousy id they support the kings
in their efforts to clear French soil OF
foreign rulers. Between 1902 and 1853
the French gradually won back the land
which the English held on the. CONT
nent, at the cost, however of much fight
, ing and bloodshed. The English stub
bornIy held on to Their French posses
gions, and at times it seemed as though
. they would be successful in their efforts
Ito hold them. In 1920, England was able
!. to dictate a peace, according to which
i the French crown was to be surrendered
to the English king, and the dauphin
as the heir to the throne Of France was
1caned was disinherited. The terms Of
y this treaty were actually carried out
and to the English kings titles was add
ed that of king of France.
The fortunes of France were low in
deed: the country was torn by civil war;
2 foreign power controlled the govern
ment, and patriotism seemed to be SUM
Pvt E7rapcb ma friGtiST1 was bf