davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
200,000,000,000
COST EST INA TE
Of ENTIRE WAR
Republican A. p. Leased Wire]

WASHINGTON, Nov. 1S.-The direct
cost of the war for all belligerent ma
tions to last May /, was reported at
about SIZE. .000, ,000, 900 by the federal re-
serve board bulletin, issued today, and
tits estimated the cost will amount to
nearly 5000, 900 000 900 before the end
of this year. These calculations were
compiled by the board from varioVs
sources and while their accuracy is
not vouched for the board believes the
figures are substantially correct.
For purely military and naval purpos
es it is estimated that all belligerents
had spent about $132, ,O00, 600, 900 TO May
/, or about three -fourts of the total war
cost. The balance represented interest
on debt and other indirect war expenses.
Increased Every Year
How the cost mounted from year to
year is illustrated by tabulations show
ing that the mobilization and the first
five months of the war in 1914, cost all
belligerents about $4,000, 100000. In
1915 the expenses jumped to s26, 6,000,
900 900; in 1916 they increased to s3S,-
600, 100000 and in 1917 they were es-
timated at 100000 ,000, 600 This year
expenses have run a little above last
years rate.
About $3.50, 200, 900. 900 of the total war
cost has been raised by war loans of
various nations and comparatively lit
tie direct taxation The public debt of
the principal entente allies is calculated
at approximately s105,000, 100000, or
more than twice as much as the aggre-
gate debt of the central powers, set at
s45, 900, 900, 00y. This does not take into
consideration debt incurred since last
May.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
MONEYS LIFE NOW
HANGS ON STEPHENS
TECHNICALLY ENDS

WASHINGTON, Nov. 1S.-The su-
preme court refused today to review
the case of Thomas j. Mooney, labor
leader. under sentence to die Decem-
Der Is for murder, in connection with
a bomo explosion two years ago in
San Francisco.
SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 1S.-The
fate of Thomas J. Mooney rested to-
night solely in the hands of Governor
William d. Stephens and no inkling
has come from the state capitol as to
what the executives attitude will be-
Mooney, who was sentenced to hang
following his conviction on q murder
charge growing out of the prepared
ness day bomb explosion here on July
-. 1915, is in San Quentin, California,
prison.
When the United States supreme
court today refused the petition of
MONEYS counsel to review his case
the last legal prop of the defense"
his attorneys here said, was knocked
from under Mooney. Mooney was re-
prieved last summer by Governor
stephens until December 70. The gov
ernor has two courses open to him in
the Mooney case, it was pointed out to-
night by attorneys He either may
pardon Mooney outright and instruct
the district attorney to bring him to
trial on one of the several remaining
murder charges, or permit the death
sentence TO be executed.
Nothing Left But Governor
There is nothing left to do but press
our pardon Application before the gov
ernor, said Maxwell McNutt chief
counsel Tor Mooney we nave eX-
hausted our last legal means.
No further organized appeals for
clemency will be made, McNutt added.
Edwin c. Mckenzie. also of counsel for
Mooney, said the supreme courts re-
fusal to act was expected, because we
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
WOMAN REQUESTED
ON PEACE COUNCIL
TRepublican A. p. Leased Wirel

NEW YORK, Nov. 1S.-The National
American Woman Suffrage association,
meeting here tonight, adopted a reso-
luton urging President Wilson to give
women adequate representation on
the United States delegation to the
peace conference.
The resolution, which was offered by
Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait, president
of the association, said in part:
I'VE urge him to select women whose
broad experience and sympathies rem
der them competent to defend and sup
port every point which bears upon the
establishment of liberty for all the
copies of the world, and especially
upon the proper protection of women
and of children in peace as in war. We
urge him to select women who may be
relied on to uhold free representative
institutions, based upon the will of all
the people in every land in which in
dependence is esta abished, in order that
democratic institutions may make an
end of war;
DR.. Anna Howard Shaw, speaking in
favor of the resolution, declared there
are 27,000,000 women in the United
States who deserve such recognition.
Men know some things about men,
but together, men and women know all
things about men and women
X SAN FRANCISCO. Nov. 1S.-A plea
that a woman be appointed as a dele
gate to the forthcoming peace confer
ence was sent to President Wilson to-
day by the women's committee of the
state council of defense.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
j. s. PROBABLY WILL
CONTINUE CONTROL
AVIATION SERVICE
Republican A. p. Leased Wirc1

WASHINGTON, Nov. 1S.-Demobili
zation of the army air service presents
a separate problem on which war de-
partment officials now are at work
How it is to be accomplished so that the
aircraft manufacturing industry, now a
government monopoly, can be pre-
served, has not been disclosed. but it is
possible to state authoritatively some
of tbe considerations that Will govern
rehabilitation plans.
Secretary Baker is known to regard
the air service as the field of military
enterprise in which the greatest de-
velopments are to be expected. For
that reason the army program, to be
laid before congress, probably will show
recommendations for continuing the
aviation branches on scale dispro-
portionate to the other arms of the ser
vice Every effort is expected TO be
made to improve existing types of
planes and engine5 or develop new ones.
Retain Permanent Offices
1t is also certain that the plans now
being formulated will make provision
for retaining in the permanent military
establishment officers and men who
have displayed marked ability in the
operation, production and equipment of
aircraft.
In addition to the manufacturing
monopoly, which includes the assemb
ling of scientific data of the utmost
value on the whole question of all
flight, the government has complete
monopoly over the training facilities
for flyers. 1t owns 80 flying fields in
the United States, all fully equipped
and has built up preliminary courses in
colleges and universities in all parts OF
the country. The home aviation schools
are fitted to turn out 1000 men a month
rated as reserve military aviators and
there are in this country more than II,
900 men who either have passed through
| hat school systm or are nearing compile
| ton of their raininS
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
STANDARDRE WAGE
Of SEAMEN AMONG
NATIONS Of EUROPE
Republican A. P. Leased Wire1

WASHINGTON, Nov. 1S-Chairman
Hurley of the shipping board, who
sailed for Europe last Saturday to pre-
pare for the return of American troops
to this country, and for moving needed
food supplies to the war famished ma
tions over seas, also plans TO seek an
international agreement between the
governments, shipping interests and
labor organizations of the principal
maritime powers, for Standardization
of seamen's wages and working con-
ditions
1t was said today that Mr.. Hurley
expects 10 propose that the American
laws and the agreements between the
government and the seamen's unions
on these subjects, be accepted as the
standards, and it is understood that
the American Federati of Labor and
the British Seamens union are pre-
pared to support the proposal.
Put U. S. on Par With World
Such an agreement as that contem-
plated by Mr.. Hurley, it was said,
would eliminate the chief difficulty
that has confronted American shipping
interests in their attempts to operate
ships in competition with other ma
tions. The standards for American
seamen are said to be the highest in
the world, and now that this country is
putting a great fleet of ships on the
seas, officials believe that unless some
international agreement is reached, a
great proportion of trained seamen will
be attracted to the American merchant
marine.
1t was learned today that the ship
ping board, as far as consistent with
the necessities of government needs,
is diverting ships to normal trade
routes and that within a few months
officials hope to have American ships
carrying needed commodities of peace
to South and Central America, Asia
and Africa, as well as to Europe
Restore Private Operation
Some ships requisitioned by the ship
ping board during the war, are being
/ turned back to private owners, and
I the board plans to return such vessels
as rapidly as possible. In all 2,50000G
tons of shipping was requisitioncd.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
DENIES LUTHERANS
ARE NOT PATRIOTIC
TRepubliean A. p. Leased Wire1

NEW YORK, Nov. 1S.-Asserting
that some of our officials at Wash
ington believe that TO be a Lutheran is
to he a foreigner" Rev. DR.. Theodore
r. Schmauk OF Lebanon, Pa, in An
address here today at the close of the
convention of the United Lutheran
church of America, declared that the
church was not only American but
thoroughly patriotic. He was vigor-
ously applauded
Reviewing the history Of Lutherans
i'm this country. DR.. Schmauk said
that while we are most heartily in
terested in foreign work, we are not
a foreign church
There was an organized Lutheran
church here in Manhattan 140 years
before the American revolution ever
took place. he continued. Had it
not been for Benjamin Franklin and
the German Lutherans of Pennsylvania
the combination of the colonies into the
United States would have been impC. =
sible. 1t was the Germans of America
standing behind Franklin, who enabled
the revolutionary war to succeed
II was announced that the acquisi-
tion of the Seattle, Wash, theological
seminary will serve as an educational
center for prospective Lutheran minis
fers on the Pacific coast, completing
q chain Of institutions for the teach
ing of LutheraniSm in the United
States and Canada.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
MANUFACTURERS ARE
FOR EQUITABLE ERA
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel


NEW YORK, Nov. 1S.-Urging joint
action between wage earners and en-
plovers "in peace as in war; the Ma
tional Association of Manufacturers in
a statement issued here today, declared
it would stand firmly for the spirit Of
patriotic industrial cooperation for
the working out of the reconstruction
post war period. so that the United
States will be in a position to meet
every present and future need here and
abroad
In America today we hold the pow
erful influence of providing examples
for the rest of the world read the
statement. 'Confusions and inequities
which have developed in our American
industries. during the hustle and hustle
of waging war on a modern scale,
should be and will be eliminated in
good time. We must lend our every
effort to avoid bitterness, acrimony
calamity bowling or whining. Moth
ing is to be gained by either side, if
there are sides, through cultivation or
promotion of misunderstandings.
Asserting that no manufacturer
has or seeks to exercise any rights or
privileges which any other good Amer
lean is asked to surrender the state
ment continued:
1--WE believe that absolutism, on the
part of labor is just as bad for the
general welfare of the nation as abso-
lutism of so-called capital Both ele-
ments ought to be able to find COM
mon and equitable basis on which
properly to meet every present and
future ne>d. In this effort to reach
and maintain a common ground, our
industrial factors need and expect con-
structive. legitimate and impartial en-
fragment from the government and
healthy, well informed public opinion.
ANY orga niZation which sets for it,
self the task of creating or sustaining
an artificial or abnormal economic
condition in American industry is GER
tainIv not working for the true and
proper interests Of its members
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
GETS
RID Of STATIC

NEW YORK. Nov 1S.-An invention
which has taken the static" out of
wireless telegraphy, removing thereby
the greatest obstacle to the clear trans
mission of radio messages. has been
perfected by Roy A. Weagant chief
engineer Of the Marconi Wireless Tele-
graph company of America, it was an
nounced tonight
According to Edward ]. Nally, vice
president and general manager of the
company, who made that announce
ment. the invention not only makes
possible the sending of clear radio
messages, regardless of atmospheric
conditions, but eliminates "interfer-
ence," thereby making possible the
operation of innumerabe radio stations
without crossing" of messages.
The invention, Mr.. Nally said, also
does away with the necessity of con-
structing huge wireless towers. Per
tect service can be obtained, he said
with the use of antennae extending
only a few feet from the ground
Marks Wireless Advance
Mr.. Nally declared the invention
marked a new occasion in word COM
munication, and was second in import
ance in the field of radio telegraphy
only to Marconis invention
Mr.. Weagant, who is only 81. has
been working on the problem of sta
tic for Is yetars and took out ,uatent
papers on his invention shortly before
the United States entered the war. BY
agreement with Mr. Weagant and the
Marconi company, the government
kept the invention secret; disclosing it
only to the allied nations.
Mr.. Nally declined to make known
the details of the Weagant invention.
asserting the United States and allied
governments had agreed it would be
wise to withhold all information con-
corning it until the actual signing and
sealing of a peace treaty.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
First Troops To
Be Sent MloRae lin
Less Than Week

LONDON, Nov. 18-The first
American troops to depart home
ward, as a result of the signing Of
the armistce, will be $4,000 men
stationed in England. The Amerl-
can army expects to start the first
shlpload of these soldiers home
ward within a week, and to have
all the men on their way back to
the United States ten days later.
The plans for clearing England
of American troops are incomplete,
but it is desired to remove these
men Immediately, as some khip-
ping is available for this purpose.
Most of the 1900 men are helping
the British air force.
The American hospital units will
be left in England until a policy
for caring for future cases of i'll
ness among the Americans has
been decided upon.
The belief is expressed at army
headquarters that very few Ameri-
cans will be left long in England, as
it is thought that the hospitals in
France can care for future needs.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
WILSON SAYS He WILL ATTEND
PEACE COUNCIL At VERSAILLES
To Ring World
With Victory
Songs on 18th
Republican A. p. Leased Wire1

Republican A. P. Leased Wire]
NEW YORK, Nov. 18.-The Ma
tional council of women tonight sent
Miss Margaret Woodrow Wilson,
daughter of the president, an invi-
tation to open the victory sing"
in France on Thanksgiving day, by
singing the Star SpangIed Banner
at the same moment that millions
of Americans at home, under the
auspices Of the council, join in the
national anthem.
The invitation was sent through
the recreation committee of the
Young Mems Christian association,
under whose auspices Miss Wilson
went to France.
The Y. M. c. A. has cabIed to it's
secretaries overseas a letter from
Secretary of War Baker expressing
his wish that victory sings" be
held in every camp, hospital and
rest billet of the American expe-
tionary force. "Sings" also will be
held, it is announced, in all Y. M.
c. A. army huts in the United
States.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
LIBERTY ARMY
ADVANCE GETS
WARM WELCOME
At ALL STOPS
Unique Flags Greet Them
Liberated People Cele-
brate-Big Guns Surren-
dered - Germans With
draw Rapidly Mines At
Briey Found In Operation
Vandalism Discovered

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY OF
OCCUPATION, Nov. 1S.-(By the AS
soclated Press s)-American troops en-
Tered Briey, the heart of Lothringian
IRON fields at II o'clock this morning.
Ihere were arches across the main
street and the town was bedecked with
Tags. Fifteen hundred civilians
greeted the troops.
After a welcome by the Briey Off
clals, the SSth infantry band of the
Third division gave a concert; then the
Americans lunched from rolling kitch-
ems, large number Of released Rus
SLAMS also being fed.
Outwardly, Briey showed few indi-
cations of the war, the buildings being
intact but there We're German signs
everywhere, pointing in the direction
of ammunition dumps and the various
headquarters.
Eleven Stars-Seven Stripes
On a decorated arch. under which
the Americans passed, was a home
made American flag four feet in length
flanked by the French colors. The
flag, which had been made by three
French girls, has eleven stars and
seven red and white stripes.
Before the war the population of
Briey numbered about $500. Civilians
employed in the mines by the Ger
mans were paid from four to SIX francs
day The people of Briey did not
have any particular complaints to
make of the treatment by the Germans
during the last two years but for the
first two years they had difficult sto-
ries to tell of the brutalities they suf-
tered
The Germans abandoned a large
number of trucks and portable dyna e.
mos in Briey, owing to their haste to
withdraw their troops.
Find Mine in Operation
Smoke streaming from the chimneys
, Of many mines greeted the advancing
american artillery this morning, for a
number of the mines were in actual
operation, and there were fires under
the boilers in other mines, so as to
Keep the pumps going. Several mines
had been flooded by seepage having
been idle for two or three years. The
Germans had removed the machinery
for other purposes
Most of the mines had been oper-
ated until last week, when the Ger
mans began to release the Russians
and others who had been employed in
his work.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
DENOUNCE BREST TREATY

AMSTERDAM, Nov. 1S.-Represen-
tatives of hundred regiments, in a
meeting at Berlin, demanded immedi-
ate convocation of a national assem-
bly,, according to advices from that
city. The Independent socialists have
issued a proclamation glorifying the
revolution. saying:
Politicians who agreed to the dis
graceful -Litovsk treaty cannot
complain if the entente treats them
similarly.
The proclamation appeals to the So
cialists of foreign countries not to al
low their brothers to be oppressed
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
CONGRESS APPROVES
PROHIBITION BILL
ADJ0URNS THURSDAY
Opinion Prevails President
VIII Sign-Many Think
Validity and Interpreta-
ton Will Require Court
Decision
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel


WASHINGTON, Nov. 1S.-Adjourn-
ment of the present session of congress
next Thursday was arranged today by
democratic and republican leaders of
the senate and house This will enable
members to secure travel mileage al
lowances and also will prevent the
present session, which began last De-
cember 3, from merging with the third
and final session of the senate, the
sixty fifth congress, which will open
December 2.
Ending of the present session Thurs
day was agreed upon after the senate
finance committee had decided that it
could not report the revised six billion
dollar revenue bill before the date for
the beginning of the new session.
With disposition by the senate today
of the war time" prohibition bill,
which goes to the president Thursday,
after formal signature by Vice Presi-
dent Marshall and Speaker Clark, the
most pressing business of the session
was completed.
Expect Sharp Reductions
While congress is adjourned. the
senate finance committee will continue
revision of the revenue bill in accord
ance with the suggestions by Secretary
2 -MeAdoo. and house committees Will
begin framing the 1920 appropriation
bills. Since the department estimates
were prepared with continuance of the
war in view, sharp reduction in the ap-
propriations are contemplated by con-
gressional leaders.
The house appropriations sub-com
mittee will meet tomorrow to begin
hearings on the Legislative, executive
and judiciary bill, while the naval
committee will begin work at the same
time on the naval appropriation meas
ures. Secretary Daniels has recon
mended to congress that this bill carry
81 400. 100000, but it is expected that
Continued on Page Two)
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
More Than We
Folks Need In
Phoenir, Eth?

AMERICAN ARMY HEAD
QUARTERS, TOURS, France, Nov.
18.-(By the Associated Press.)-
The American trops participating
in the expeditions in Russia, by
way of Archangel and VIadivostok,
are equipped in the most complete
manner to resist the northern cold.
They are fitted out by the United
States army quartermaster's de-
partment in England and France,
with white sheepskin parkas, which
are slip-on- overcoats resembling
Santa Claus outfits. The expedi-
tions also have, been supplied with
a full complement of Norwegian
sIeds, dogs, moccasins, snowshoes,
reindeer skin mittens, comforters,
sleeping bags, Arctic tents, Arctic
stoves, snow goggles, skis, sIedges,
high rubber boots and wooIen
breeches.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
Late Foreign News

AMSTERDAM, Nov. 1s.-A Luxem-
BURG dispatch says that the chamber
today adopted motion demanding a
referendum to decide the future form
Of government.
The chamber desires that she grand
duchess abstain from all government
action pending tho referendum.
A motion supported by the liberals
and socialists, demanding the abdiea-
ton Of the grand duchess and the
establishment Of republic, was re-
jected.
ROME, Nov. 18.-(British Wireless
Service e)-CardinsI Gasparr, papal
secretary Of state, has invited the
cardinals throughout the world, and
the patriarchs, to meet in Rome for a
great religious ceremony in St. Peters
on the day of the signing of peace.
Pope Benedict will pontfcate.
BASEL, Nov. 1S.-(Havas)-The
German authorities, according to a
dispatch from Berlin, have notified the
Russian boIshevik government that
representatives must not be sent to
Germany.
Arizona republican., 1918-11-19
Length of Stay Undetermined Visit Is
To Include London, Rome and Brus-
sels-First Executive to Leave North
America First to Attend Pedce Con-
ference -Precedents Cited d-Ovations
Anticipated Everywhere.
(By the Associated Pressj

WASHINGTON, Nov. 18-President Wilson will
attend the opening sessions of the peace conference This
was announced tonight officially He will 60 Immediately
after the convenng of the regular session of congress
December g.
This official statement issued at the White House
WHITE HOUSE MAKES ANNOUNCEMENT
''The president expects to sail for France imme-
diatey after the opening of the regular session of
congress- for the purpose OF taking part in the discus
sion and settlement of the main features of the treaty
of peace 1t is not likely that it will be possible for
him to remain throughout the sessions of the formal
peace conference, but his presence at the outset is
necessary in order to obviate the manifest disadvan
tages of discussion by cable in determining the
greater outlines of the final treaty, about which he
must necessarily be consulted He will of course be
accompanied by delegates who will sit as the repre-
sentatives of the United States throughout the
ference.
'The names of the delegates will be presently
announced
LENGTH OF STAY UNDETERMINED
How long the president will remain abroad he him
peace conference has not yet been announced but the gen
era belief here that cannot be assembled before late
in December at the earliest If such proves the case the
president will be absent from the country for at least
month and probably longer
WILL PROBABLY VISIT LONDON AND ROME
What plans the president may have for his trip other
than to attend the opening of the peace conference and
participate in the discussions among the representatives
of the associated nations which will precede it, have
been revealed He undoubtedly will be accompanied by
Mrs Wilson and it is expected here that besides visiting
Paris where the peace congress probably will be held he
will 60 to London and possibly to Brussels and Rome
UNPRECEDENTED OVATION EXPECTED
Mr. Wilson is expected to receive abroad reception
such as has been accorded but few in public life He
will be welcomed not only the president of the United
States and the chief of it's armies and navy
but also as the champion of world democracy