davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
FENCES FOR HOGS ON PASTURE

It is often desirable in hog pastur-,
ing to fence off portions Of fields
temporarily. The present price Of
fencing may seem high but hogs are
also high and 100 pounds of pork will
buy more fencing now than it was
possible to get with the sams amount
a few years ago. A great many diff
ferent types Of temporary fences have
been devised. Most of the board
fences of the panel type are too
heavy and cumbersome to be practic-
able. They are easily broken and soon
rot. About the best temporary hog
fence is made of 32-inch or 36-inch
woven wire. This is easily stretched
and tackled to stakes driven in the
ground. 1t may also be used j" fsnc-
| ing off parts of cornfeld which are
to be hogged off by merely tying the
fence to row of cornstalks. When
this is done the tops and ears of the
row of corn to which the fencing is
tied should be broken off as then the
hogs will not climb up the fence.
Well-fed hogs are easily kept in
place but underfed ones will require
more substantial fencing than is here
/ lo,cr;baJ
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
People Of Ninth Federal Reserve
District Led Nation in
Third Loan Drive.
EXTRA EFFORT NEEDED
Amount to Be Raised In Fourth Lib.
erty Loan Campaign Probably Twice
That Of Last canvass-Men, Won-
en- and Children to Aid.

The people Of the Ninth Federal
Reserve District, comprising the states
Of Minnesota. North Dakota, South
Dakota. Montana, part of Wisconsin
and the Northern Peninsula Of Mich.
igan, have proven themselves to be
real Americans.
They have responded promptly and
generously to each demand made upon
them by their Government in this hour
of its need. From the homes of these
great Northwest states have gone
thousands upon thousands of young
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05

Subscribe for the Record.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05

carried out throughout the Ninth Dis.
trict is undoubtedly responsible to
large extent for the. fine record
made. The natural energy and clear.
sighted Americanism of the great ma
jority Of its citizens is responsible for
the balance. Whatever the cause, tho
results have put this district in class
by itself. The managers Of other dis
tricts look to the Ninth Federal Re-
serve District for information and in.
spiration. They want to know how It
was done. Many Of the rules laid
down by the Government for the
Fourth Liberty Loan campaign in
other districts are admitted to De un.
necessary In the Ninth. The authors
ties in charge at Washington admit
that the men and women Of the North.
west will do what is asked of them
In their own way. but will do 1t prompt.
ly and efficiently.
From all this. it is evident that q
great deal will be expected from the
Ninth Federal Reserve District in the
Fourth Liberty Loan campaign. The
standard set Is so high that 1t will
take extra effort to maintain 1t. That
means that all those who worked hard
during the Third campaign will have
to work harder during the Fourth cam
paign and that they will have to be
aided by many hundred recruits
There will have to be more intensive
organization SO that more individuals
will be impressed with the necessity
of doing their part and each individ
ual will have more to do.
The amount to be raised in the
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
Truly Admirable.

Mrs. Macpherson has just received
a telegram from Birmingham. "What
an admirable invention the telegram
is!'' she exclaimed. "when you consider
that this message has come distance
OF 100 miles and the gum on the en-
velope isn't dry yet"
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
one:ron Walrus.

The avernge-sized Alaska walrus II
as big as an OK aEd often weighs more
than ton. A walrus was killed by
some whalers near Point Barrow
whose head weighed 50 pounds and
skin. including fiippers, 500 pounds.
The animal had girth Of IA feet, the
skin was from half m inch to three
inches In thickness, and the blubber
weighed 500 pounds.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
ss,s.P,ty: ss,s.p-a,se,

Half the world is gnnwed by tho
beast Self Pity and the other half 10
bitten by the beast Self Praise. It IL
better to chain both these animals and
go out free and unconcerned about
self. All this concern about self Ii
the misfortune which dogs the man
who has not related himself to the one
universal law.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
Rldleuie and, Rumoe

70 sss0sSSsV 01uO bSOUtOTs
The chief difference between ridicule
and genuine humor is that ridicule il
cruel and, ha.nor Is kind. Ridicule
shows lack Of understanding and con.
sequent lack Of tolerance. Humor. BY
means Of understanding, becomes toll
Grant. The really great humorists are
great ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
AZ Wisa :. Anx,oav

AZ Wise as Anybody.
After Aunt Fanny had vainly striven
to convince Walter that he was in the
wrong she exclaimed: "Walter, I guess
l know few things!" $50 do L" w1s
his answer. Il know as few things a.
anybody"
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
seronoest WOOD.

0<toh0est Wood.
Lancewood Is said to be the strong
est wood known; Its tensile strength
per square inch Is 5000 pounds that
Is to say. that weight is required to
tear asunder q piece. Of It one inch
square.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05
Hardy rspary Bush Beans,

The cultivation Of tepary beans Il
something new In the state Of Callfor.
MA. This legume came up from old
mexico and has been popular In New
Mexico and Arizona for years. Because
OF Its hardy habit, 1t is capable not
only OF standing extremes Of tempera-
ture' but doing well under exception.
ally arid conditions. It Ii a hardy bush
bean wi'aa high nutritive value.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05

/ Worth knowing
he who always receives and never
gives acquires. as matter Of course,
q narrow. contracted. selfish, Character,
His soul has no expansion. no lbensvo-
lent impulses. NO elevation Of aim. he
learns to feel and think and care only
FIR himself.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1918-09-05

Physical Exertion and Heart Trouble.
The only way of surely determining
whether a sufferer from an irritable
heart can bear extensive exertion is
to put him through series Of grad
ually increasing exercises, states the
British Medical Journal with careful
examination after each exercise.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31

During series OF Years the outflow
and inflow of the metal have been as
fnllnNg.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
SUMMARY OF

Ypres. Although there was considerable
,irregplaritX in security markets, the
fone was exceptionally firm in face Of
the German advance.
The country entered its third Liberty
Loan campaign on the 9th of the
month, the first anniversary OF our
entrance into the world war. The min
iinum amount of the loan was for
$4,000. 600, 900, and the rate of interest
was placed at Az per cent the bonds
to run for ten years.
There were many happenings ddtlng
the month of Importance to the indus
trial world. The most important was
the action of the Government in putting
the manufacturing concerns of the ma
tion on a more efficient basis. The APP
pointment of Charles M. Schwab as
head of the shipping industry was an
'nounced, as was tfle appointment OF
John d, Ryan as chief of aircraft pro-
duction. There was also considerable
activity in the steel and iron industry,
with a large increase in output reported,
the mills of the former working at more
than 90 per cent capacity.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
OCTOBER
Germany's Request for an Armistice.
The Collapse of Austria

The events which came to pass in the
European war theatre during October
were the most far-reaching during the
period OF the war. Following the sur
render OF the Bulgarians in October. the
Allies continued their victories against
the Turks, which caused the uncondi-
tional surrender of that country. In
Austria independence was declared, fol-
lowed b. the splitting IN OF all the
provinces into small States. Following
this reign of anarchy arose, which
caused much confusion in that country.
This, coupled with the offensive by the
Italians caused q collapse of the Aus
trian armies, and 1t was reported that
the commander asked for an armistice.
But far more important than these
events, which had long been expected,
was the repeated requests from the I'm
perial German Government for an armi-
stice for the purpose of opening peace
negotiations and what terms the Allies
would grant for the accomplishment of
the same. There also came reports of
much unrest within the German borders,
with cries from the populaGe for the tn
however, did resign following the col
lapse and wide retirement OF the Ger
man armies in France and Belgium.
Inc STOCK markets during OCtODer pc
gan with much irregularity, especially
in war issues. which declined. The move
ment. continued until the middle of the
month, when the news of the request
of an armistice came from Germany.
| This led all to believe that peace was
1 in sight and the market became very
active and advanced sharply, especially
! so-called peace shares. Railroads were
| n feature. throughout the movement,
which continued about ten days, In which
! sales exceeded million shares each.
! Many high records for the year were
recorded. The movement, however, ac-
cording to banking opinion, was too fast
and out of line with the available credit
facilities. This caused the money COM
mittee to renew its warning as regards
overspeculation. Many conferences were
held by the money committee. and the
consequence was chat many houses were
forced TO reduce their loan accounts, and
the brokers were asked to request higher
margins from their customers. This re-
suited in much forced liquidation. which
caused decline of five to fifteen points
| in speculative issues. A rally set In,
however, when It became known that re-.
strictions to be placed on the money
market might not be as drastic as had
first been expected.
| The month also saw the fourth Lib
erty Loan campaign to successful
conclusion. Total subscriptions to the
$6,O00,000, 900 loan were run up to
$6,9S9 600, 900, and the number of sub
scribers was estimated at moro than
21.000,000.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
NOVEMBER
A Month Of Victory-The Complete
Collapse of Germany

The world war officially ended on NJ
vember IL. This was the elimination Of
many important events which have hap
pened during the last few months. The
first important event in the European
theatre during November was the Cessa-
tion of hostilities on the part of Aus
tria- Hungary and Italy. War between
these two countries ended on November
4. After this events moved swiftly. Ger
many asked tho Allies for armstice
terms, and commission left Berlin on
November 8 to discuss the terms with
General Foch. This commission reached
the French line on November and i'm
mediately proceeded to French headquar-
ters.
November saw the outbreak of a
revolution in the northern part Of Ger
many, Following this the demand OF
tho Germans for speedy consideration Of
the armistic became more urgent. The
Germans received the terms on the Sth
and on the 9th the Kaiser and the heir
TO the throne abdicated and fled to Hol-
land. On November IL the armistice
was signed by the German comm Mission,
and the world war officially ended on
that day at IL o'clock, French time. On
and that country followed Germany's
lead In establishing Republic. The
German retirement of France and Bel
gium and other occupied territory began
Immediately after the signing of the
armistice, and under Its terms the major
portion Of the German fleet surrendered
to the Allies on the 21st
The action of the stock market dur
ing the early part of November was
very much the some as the latter part
of October. war shares continued to
decline and many OF them made new
low records for the year, while the
railroad shares continued to advance
This movement continued until Novem-
ber Z. and on that day news reached
| this country that the armistice had been
signed by the Germans and the market
| advanced Violently. Prices rose to 7
points in two hours. and speculation be-
came so Wild that the stock exchange
authorities decided to close the eX-
change one-half hour earlier than usual.
The report later proved false and the
market became more calm, but prices
continued to advance, although only
/ moderately.
On November IL the real news of
peace and victory came before the mar
the stock exchange decided to close
the exchange for that day, When the
market opened the next day the move
ment of prices was disappointing to
| both spectators and investors alike.
| The much-heralded peace boom failed
! to develop. Prices opened a shade higher
but soon began to sag. This movement
continued for the remainder of the
month, with occasional rallies. but at
especially industrial shares, were SELL
| Ing at the lowest prices of the year.
! William Gibbs McAdoo, on the 22d,
sent his resignation as Secretary OF
| the Treasury and Director General of
| Railroads to the President TO take
effect as soon as his successor was ap-
pointed.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
AUGUST
Renewal Of Speculative Activity Due to
Cheerful War News

Security markets during August
showed decided Improvement, due 10
much more favorable war situation.
The first days Of the month expert
epced a very uuiet market, due to the
~5ntense heat, This was SO severe that
there was talk of closing the Exchange
for one day, Prices, however, were firm
throughout this quiet spell. Then came
decided upward movement in the rail
road shares, on the belief that the rail-
road contract would soon be settled
This movement IN the railroad issues
carried many Of them to the highest
levels of the year, Shortly afterward
There was u sharp upward movement
IN, the industrials on the news coming
from the western front Many issues
We're quoted from five to eight points
above the levels prevailing at the OPEN
ing OF the month. This movement
however, came to an abrupt halt fol-
lowing the. issuance OF n statement from
the acting chairman Of the money com
Infttee that, pending the flotatlon OF the
Fourth Liberty Loan, all speculation
based on borrowed money should be
discouraged, = This had a dampenlnE
"effect on"the market, which turned eX-
iceedingly qulets ,..-
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
MAY
Taxation Program-Railroad Wage In
crease and Higher Rates


- Security markets began. the month of
May with a sharp advance In prices,
especially for railroad shares, on the
announcement OF Director General Nc
Adoos budget for new equipment and
track expansion This, together with the
cheerful news from the steel trade and
good crop prospects, caused buoyant
market and prices advanced further.
Steel common rose from around 96 to
113A and Balwin from 10 to 101 e
both being new high records for the
clined, and most of the gains were lost,
due TO the many events of "a bearisn
character, such as the renewal Of the
German offensive on the western front
and the Presidents message calling for
new taxation at this session Of Con-
gress. The plans for new taxes called
for doubling the excess profits and in
come taxes from the $4,000,0 900, 900
estimated from 1917 profits TO SS,000,-
100000 from 1918 profits.
In the railroad world there were many
events of great Importance. The al
rector general ordered an advance OF
from to 33 per cent in wages. TO offset
this expense and the additional expenses
due to higher cost of materials and
equipment, the director also ordered an
Increase of 25 per cent In freight rates,
an advance of 10 per cent in commuta-
tion rates, and an Increase to three cents
a mile in passenger rates.
The third Liberty Loan compaign was
successfully concluded and the new
bonds were traded In for the first time on
May 10, opening at 1910 Later in the
month the decline continued and a low
Of 97.26 was reached.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
JULY
The German Drive and the Allied
Counter.O Offensive

The launching of another German
drive, on a front of some sixty miles
east and west of Rheims, and the be-
ginning OF a counter-offensve by the
French. Americans and British between
the Marne and Scissors. gave to the
events of the past month a predomi-
mating military aspect. causing the finan-
cial markets TO raise once more the ques-
tion of'the relative strength of Germany
and the Allies in man-power. and the
ability Of Germany to force a decision IN
~the west. The German offensive was
launched on July Is, the principal at
tacks being directed against Rheims an:
the Marne positions. Some progress in
the development of Rheims was made
and the German forces succeeded In
crossing to the southern bank OF the
Marne and penetrating to a depth of foul
miles beyond that river.
From the outset, however, the slow
rate OF progress of the attackers raised
doubts as 10 the success of the drive.
doubts which changed to hopes of a
& definite Allleh victory when General
Foch made his counter-stroke on July
18. attacking between Scissors and
Chateau-Thlerry At the close OF the
month the Germans had retired beyond
the line Of the Ourcq River. having re-
treated to q maximum depth Of fourteen
miles northward and leaving the Inn
portant center OF Fere- -Tardenois in
the hands of the Allies, o..
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
SEPTEMBER
9ulgaria. Negotiates for Peace Turkeys
eSjiA Collapse in Palestine ~

The stock markets during the early
part of, September were very erratic,
due 70 the. money situation Late in
August the chairman of the money com
1nittee issued warning against uRdue
speculation, and this was followed i'm
q SHepfember by q request from the stock
eSchange for all data ON cali loans on
stock market collateral This had a
depressing effect on the market and II
moved iTTeEularly until late IN the month
when the European news caused sharp
The most Important event In the
tfuropean war news was the uneondi-
,tlonal surrender of Bulgaria and the
.cpllapBe OF the Turkish armies which
later caused that country to surrender
The Austrian Government again made a
request for peace, but this was refused
by President Wilson, The latter, how
ever, had very little influence on secur-
ity prices, tf-.-..
on the eleventh of the month the Lib,
erty Bond Issues recorded a sharp ad-
vance, due 20 the commenoatons OF
S0cretnry McAdoo for higher eXemp-
lion In these issues from the income
ihx Gains % TO slh points followed
this news. y es.f
fhe cotton market experienced very
feVere decliue, due 70 talk OF prlce-hx.
Ing and President Wilson appointed q
cnnunl1sion To Investigate the advlaahil.
j'y OF priceinxsnE nnd Government CON
tl'ol Of the merkets,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
DECEMBER
Outlook for Railroads and Industrial
'' Conditions Responsible for Mar.
ket Depression

The stock markets during the month
OF December started with q fair re-
covery In prices following President Will
sons speech to Congress on.his attitude
speech the President stated that he he'd
no plan TO offer as regards the future
or the roads and that solution OF the
problem was up to Congress, This
securities, but the rise was only short
lived, ON the 18th of the month Di-
rector General MeAdoo ISSUED state
ment favoring Government operation
and control of the roads for Ave years
after peace. This was not very well re-
celved either in railroad or stock market
circles, and the market for these shares
began 70 sag and some OF the lowest
prices Of the year were scored during
the month
The Industrial shares also declined,
due to the uncertainty regarding the
business outlook during the readjustment
period. Conferences were held In both
prices for the first half OF 1878 were an
nounced In both trades. This had a
depressing influence on prices and these
issues also made low records for the
year In many instances, the Anaconda
Copper. Company cut its dividends FROM
81 to $3.50 quarterly. There was also
very severe drop In prices OF New
York traction issues on tax Of financial
some RELIEF We're not forthcoming In the
way OF Increased fares Many OF the is
SUES. both stock and bonds, were selling
at recelyership prices
TranRa otions In bonds on the ex-
change established a new high record for
all time Total sales amounted 20
1853 1856 900 Sales for December 27
amounted TO $aS4 4,476,000, also % new
daily record. This was brought about
by the enormous trading In Liberty
Bond issues. which made new low rec-
ords IN most instances,
The Government report on the win
terr wheat crop. for the current sea son
indicated a crop OF 76b, 900 900 bushels
high record for the country II the
crop Ia harvested without any mishap.
,rne lSts Eevsnns pn, IN psthssa he alosss hs
month PRECEDENT Wilson ana hts phrty
sailed for Europe 70 attend the Peace
Conlercnce ~
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
JUNE
Checking Of German Offensive on the
Western Front .,. , ...

The trend of events during June was
of decidedly more favorable character.
But, despite all the favorable news, the
stock market, except for a slight ad-
vance during the middle of the month,
was apathetic, This streak Of news
was not confined to our domestic affairs,
but conditions in Europe also shared
favorably in the events of the month.
The most important news in our do
mestic affairs was the report of the
Department OF Agriculture estimating
o. wheat crop. for the current year OF
about 1000, 100000 bushels Then the
iron and steel trade continued to re-
port great activity, iron production run
ming close to the highest levels on record.
In the, European news the actual
checking of the German offensive and
the splendid victory of the Italians over
[. the Austrians we're the main events
Many reports came out of Europe re-
garding internal conditions in Austria
and Germany. =, r.. ..'I
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
COUNTRY'S COTTON CUMMINGS
Total Ginned Prior to December
l3 Was lO,252, ,402 Running Bales

The amount OF cotton ginned up to
December lS was lo,2594o2 running
bales, including 1S9,O74 round bales
l2,79S bales of American Egyptian
and $1,000 bales Of Sea Island, the
Census Bureau announced this week
Prior to December 13 last year, total
glnnlngs were l0l3l,5Sh including
l79, ,96G round bales and S3,2ss bales of
SEQ Island.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
RECORDS In STOCK SALES
Maximum and Minimum Totals
in New York Since 1900

In connection with the 1918 volume OF
trading on the stock exchange tho fol-
lowing table has been compiled, show
ing how the maximum and minimum
records of monthly stock exchange
sales for q number of years have con-
trasted The table gives a twenty-four-
year comparison for stocks, the months
in which the records were established
being given with the records:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-12-31
RAILWAY EARNINGS FOR 1918
How Cross and Net Revenues
Have Varied

Railway earnings In the United States
for a series Of months past make the
following comparisons with the corre-
spending months in the previous year,
the compilations being those OF the FL
nanclal Chronicle;