davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Cream vs. Butter

There is a creamery within reason able distance of practically every point in Alabama, and according to J. F. Quinerly, dairy specialist of the Ala
 bama extensive service, the person who continues to make butter on the farm lis not making the money he should.
 This, says MT. Quinerly, is because of
 the fact that more can be secured by shipping the cream to creamery than
 by making butter at home for sellingl purposes. For this reason every farm Ter having any surplus milk is urged
 by the extension service 10 investigate
 the matter of shipping cream 10 the nearest creamery. Informatic1 along
 this line may be had by writing tho dairy department of the Alabama extcn
 zion service, Auburn.
 In early December butter fat was bringing 661s cents per pound at all of the Alabama creamerie5. Butter isl 1855 per cent fat, the remainder being made up of water, salt, etc. Therefore, |s farmer would have to receive 571a cents per pound for his butter, and th, ow in free the timo consumed Inl making and marketing in order to avcidl losing money by making butter at homsI compared with selling cream. In oth-I CT words, cream sold to ths creameriesI brings 6s1a cnts for butter fat, or at the rate of 57h cents for enough cream! tc pi oduce a pound of butter.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Tanning Goat Hides
By F. H. SWEET

Angora goat skins make beautiful rugs and the tanning is not nearly so com plicated a process as one would imagine First. make a strong father with hot water and soap; let 1t get cold and then wash the skin in it, carefully squeezing out all the dirt from the wool; after which wash it in cold water until all the soap is rinsed out, changing the water until the last one is clear. Then put the skin in tub and pour over 1t two gallons of hot water in which has been dissolved q pound each of salt and alum See that the skin is com pletely covered, and let 1t soak for 2 hours. Drain it well then, and stretch it carefully on a board to dry. stetching ir several times while drying. Before 1t is quite dry sprinkle on the flesh side mixture of one ounce each of finely pull yerized alum and saltpeter. rubbing 1t in well. Let the skin remain day or two, and if the hair does not seem to be firm. rub again with alum; fold the flesh side together and hang in the shade two or three days, turning over each day until dry. Then scrape the flesh side thoroughly with blunt knife and rub with pumice stone until 1t IS clean and the skin will be ready for use.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Farmers s Outlook

Prosperity glows on the horizon of
 the southern farmers future-if he will
 raise big crops
 And the cry of needy world rises.
 urging the southern farmer to grow big
 crops of cotton and food. His obliga- ton is to respond. He must fight on. for peace brings no armistice for the
 farm.
 Cotton Is the hope of the ragged
 world. War-torn countries are look ing to the fields of the south for help. It will not be in vain. The southern
 armer will meet his responsibility Prices at which the cotton crop will be sold will be such as will pay the farmer well, for the fact is that the world must have the cotton. The food most needed in Europe Is fat. Cotton seed, peanuts and soy beans of the south will find ready mar ket for the oil or fats that they con- tain. Cattle. hogs and dairy products will continue to bring goo dprices be- cause the heavy live stock losses of Europe.
 The southern farmer should plan with an expectation of improving his labor condition with the return of troops and the shutting down of ammunition fac- tories.
 Preparation for spring planting should go rapidly ahead Seed, fertilizers and other farm supplies should be bought without delay. Materials on which the government has fixed prices will con- tinue to be stabilized until they are consumed, so that there are no pros- poets of lower prices before spring planting. v Delay means to face shipping difficult ties. The railroads are going to be overburdened with traffic for sometime to come. They should be given abund- ant time.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
LIFTING EMBARGO MEANSMUCH

The embargo on express shipments of live stock and poultry for breeding pur- poses from December 10 to 31 is to be lifted, according to word received from the railroad administration by the United States department of agriculture. The department pointed out to the ral- road and express officials that it's food production campaign would be retarded materially if an embargo were placed on the shipment by express of live stock for breeding purposes.
 This campaign included all territory east of the Missouri river, including Min nesota. The placing of the embargo would have a particularly unfortunate effect upon the increase in pork produc- tion next year. The swine breeding sea- son is short, and if breeding animals
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Syrup Replaces Sugar

A scheme to utilize part of the sorghum crop for making sugar sub- stitute for human food is being ear ried out in Douglas county, Neb In one community, through the efforts of the local county agent. six farmers CO., operated in purchasing small sor- ghum mill and secured the service Of an experienced sorghum syrup maker. Although the syrup made at this mill is being sold at $1.25 to $1.50 gal lon, present Indications are that the demand cannot be met. Five sorghum mills are now in operation in the coun- ty. Recently meeting of interested men in Red Willow county was>called with the help of the local county agent to organize a stock company to handle the sorghum cane grown in that dis triot-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Get Busy, Boys and Girls

The county farm demonstrating agent, cooperating with P. O. Davis Boys club agent from Auburn, is pre- county to enlist the boys and girls in club work.
 In order to encourage this work Karl Platowsky has offered to give as a prize Delco-Light plant to the com munity scoring highest in points in ef- ficiency from all of these different clubs, the prize to be used in equio- ping the community school with elec- tric lights. Below are some of the main points in connection with this offer. which should stir every boy and girl in Jefferson county to land the prize. The following are eligible:
 Boys Agricultural club includes: Calf club, Pig club, Corn club. Peanut club and Sweet Potato club.
 Girls Agricultural club includes: Poultry club. Canning club. Gardening club
 Merit of awards: The community scoring the highest points in efficiency from all of these different clubs will be awarded a Delco Light plant, value s445, f. o. b. Birmingham. Boys club agent from Auburn, P. o. Davis, CO., operating with County Agent Hamlin l. Brown and Home Demonstration Agents Misses Marion Walker and Ruth L. Oliver, are endeavoring to en- roll every community in Jefferson county with sufficient number of boys and birls to enter this contest. Other prizes will be offered in connec- tionI with the club work. The contest Will close at the beginning of the State Fair in October. Prizes will be awarded al that time. The Delco-Light plant Is being awarded by Karl Pla- towsky. Delco-Light dealer for Jeffer- son county. and Is one of the best of fers ever put before club members in this state.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Some Shepherds Don 'ts

Don't keep sheep on wet land.
 Don't feed moldy or spoiled hay, roots silage or grain.
 Don't forget to keep salt and fresh water before the sheep.
 Don't forget to tag the ewes before breeding and lambing time.
 Don't forget exercising the breed eve
 Don't let the lamb go too long without sucking.
 Don't neglect to feed the lamb grain as soon as 1t starts eating.
 Don't let parasites kill your lamb for lack of some fresh green pasture.
 Don't shear your ewes until warm weather comes.
 Don't tie your fleeces with anything but wool or paper twine.
 Don't hesitate to ask any questions O, the county agent. or write to the de- partment of agriculture at Washington D. c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19

birds dry quickly. This Is very different from the case in dipping fowls in creo- sote compounds and other dips which have commonly been used.
 Sodium fluoride is now carried by most of the wholesale druggists throughout the country, and certain large mail-ord- CT houses quote it in their catalogs. The price ranges from 25 cents to 4O cents a pound, according to locality. One pound will treat 100 hens by the pinch method, and the amount of material used in dipping is considerably less. The bureau of entomology of the United States department of agriculture has found that with a convenient method or chatching the chickens 100 fowls can be dipped in about 25 minutes with men working. The dusting method is some what slower and there is a slight danger of missing certain portions of the chick ems through carelessness and thus al- lowing few lice to escape destruction.
 GREEN FEED IN WINTER
 Green feeds for poultry contain oniy a small percentage of actual food nu- trients, but are important because Of their succulence and bulk which tighten the grain rations and assist in keeping the birds in good condition. The poul- trynan should secure a sufficient sup ply of such feeds to last through the win ter months in sections where growing green feeds can be obtained, but in the south rape, rye of collards can be had at all times. When chickens are fat tened without the use of milk, green feed helps to keep them in good condition
 HELPS THE EGG SUPPLY
 Every commercial breeder, every far. mer, every backyard poultry raiser, is urged to keep these aims steadily ir view:
 l. Keep better poultry. Standard bred poultry improves the quality and in- creases production.
 g. Select healthy, vigorous breeders to produce strong chicks.
 B. Hatch early to produce fall and winter layers.
 4. Preserve eggs when cheap for home use.
 5. Produce infertile eggs, except for matching.
 6. Gull the flocks to eliminate unpro- fitable producers.
 2. Keep a small backyard flock to supply the family table.
 s. Grow as much poultry feed as pos sible.
 g. Eat more poultry and eggs to con serve the meat supply.
 POULTRY MAXIMS
 It is urged that all farmers and poul- trymen adhere strictly to the following principal rules in handling their poultry and eggs:
 l. Keep the nest clean; produce one nest for every four hens.
 2. Gather the eggs twice daily.
 3. Keep the eggs In cool, dry room or cellar.
 4. Market the eggs at least twice week.
 D. Sell, kill or confine all male birds as soon as the matching season is over. so a s to produce infertile. eggs. The male bird has no effect on the number of eggs pro- duced
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19

Sanitary milk control--an important factor in city welfare and a big prob lem of the city health department-re- ceives personal attention from the dairy division of the United States department of agriculture. Specialists in sanitary production and handling of milk are usually available, and upon request of the city health departments they are sent to assist in improving the milk supply This assistance may mean the making of general survey lasting only few days or a very intensive inspection last ing two or three months.
 During the last year personal aid was given to 36 cities in IA states In addi- tion to this, assistance was given the United States public health service by conducting sanitary milk surveys and in improving the milk supply of 15 extra cantonment zones.
 All phazes of city milk supply are cov-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19

could not be shipped by express during the proposed period. it would delay the season and have serious effect upon next years pig crop, the department pointed out, or else it would result in the use of poorer grade of sires which can be obtained locally
 The embargo covers large portion of the south where there is particular need for improved breeding of swine and the shipment of good stock from the north in order to grade up the local hogs Heavy shipments of breeding stock from the northern to the southern states usu- ally are made during December. The unfortunate effect on northern breeders also was pointed out to the railroad administration, as it would leave them with considerable part ~f their stock on their hands.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19

milk with the seasonings. Cook until 1t thickens. Put layer of rice in baking dish and cover with layer of the pea nut sauce. Repeat until the dish is full Rake in an oven for 20 minutes GOOD SANDWICH Peanut Butter Salad Dressing-Half cup sour cream, two tablespoons peanut butter, two tablespoons vinegar, one egg, half teaspoon sugar, half teaspoon salt, one-fourth teaspoon mustard, one-eighth teaspoon paprika-
 Mix and cook in a double boiler until thickened.
 Peanut Butter Sandwich Cream.-One cup milk one tablespoon flour, one table spoon water, one egg, one teaspoon salt, one-fourth teaspoon paprika, two table, spoons vinegar, half cup chopped stuffed olives, one cup peanut butter. Heat the milk in a double boiler. Blend the flour, water and peanut butter to a smooth paste, add salt and paprika and the egg beaten slightly. Mix with the hot milk and cook for five minutes in the double boiler. Add the chopped olives and vinegar. Cool and spread on sand wiches.
 Make only the quantity needed for inn mediate use as this sandwich cream does not keep well.
 Peanut Butter Cookies.-Half cup corn syrup, half cup sugar, four tablespoons shortening, eight tablespoons peanut but ter, one-fourth cup milk, two eggs. one teaspoon salt, one teaspoon vanilla, three teaspoons baking powder, two and one half cups rice flour, two and one-haf cups wheat flour.
 Peanut Butter Cake Filling-One-half cup corn syrup, one tablespoon vinegar, one-fourth teaspoon salt, two tablespoons peanut butter, the white of one egg.
 Cook the corn syrup with the vinegar until it forms hard ball when dropped in cold water. Pour over the beaten egg white and beat until stiff. Add the peanut butter the last thing. Spread be- tween the layers of a simple one egg cake n,. Sr,r,r oa cake Serve with fork.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Road Drainage Essential

The only reason for crowning road surface is to enable it to shed water, and unless effective means are provided for disposing of the water after 1t Is drained off the surface crowning will be of very little, if any. advantage. The side ditches should be amply large and should have sufficient fall to carry the water away as rapidly as it enters them, and they should have outlets at all convenient points. Cross drains or culverts should be constructed wherever it is desirable to transfer drainage water across the road and they should usually be provided with end or wing walls for protecting the slopes of an embankment. When the material composing the roadbed is like ly to be springy, system of longitudi- nal nder-drainage may be found neces- sary to secure proper drainage. In con- structing a road, of any type whatever, it should constantly be borne in mind that adeouate and continually effective drain- age is absolutely necessary if the road is to be maintained in good condition.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19

The housewife who Is overlooking the possibilities in peanut butter during these days of meat conservation is missing a good chance of supplying her family with a food possessing a high protein and high energy value at low cost.
 Peanut butter was used first as food for the sick later it appeared on the home table as a side dish. Of late years it has come into it's own and it's value as supplier of protein and fat in the diet is now we'll recognized.
 The larger part of that now used is made in peanut butter factories, but many still prefer to make in the home what they use. An ordinary food chop per is used for the purpose-salt may be added to the nuts before or after grinding.
 PEANUT BUTTER RECIPES
 Remember when planning your recipes that peanut butter possesses $50 calories per pound.
 Peanut Butter Omelet-Four eggs, four tablespoons milk, six tablespoons peanut butter, one tablespoon salt.
 Mix. peanut butter with the milk. Sep arate the whites and yolks of the eggs and beat well. Blend milk with the beat en yolks and fold in the beaten whites. Brown the omelet and fold. Serve OF hot platter with cream or tomato sauce.
 Peanut Butter Loaf.-Two cups bread crumbs, one cup cooked rice, one-half cup chopped stuffed olives, one-fourth teaspoon celery salt, one-half cup pea nut butter. one teaspoon onion juice. two teaspoons salt, two eggs, one-haf cup milk.
 !. Mix the ingredients and form into loaf. Bake until brown. Serve with tomato sauce.
 Scalloped Rice with Peanut Butter Sauce-Make a peanut sauce as follows: Two cups milk, two tablespoons flour, six tablespoons peanut butter, two tea spoons salt, two teaspoons onion juice, two and one-half cups cooked rice
 Blend the flour and the peanut butter
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Extend Exporting Service

The local market reporting service of the bureau of markets, covering an en- tirely new field and regarded as necessary supplement to the national telegraphic news services of the United States department of agriculture, is ex- banding according to the annual report of the secretary of agriculture. The first experiment was made in Provi- dence, R. l., about Is months ago and was so successful that when emergency funds became available the work was broadened, and in cooperation with local authorities agents were placed in 15 additional states. This service con- sists largely of reports on local market conditions and prices, based on local observations, and is conducted primari- ly for the benefit of growers and con sumers, though it has proved useful to dealers as well. Consumers figures are made public through local newspa- pers and have been helpful to house. wives.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Safeguarding Eggs


 The bureau of chemistry, through the food research laboratory. has beenl assisting in reducing the damage to8 eggs in transit by giving practicall at shipping points inl loading cars of eggs or mixed eggs ana dressed poultry Much of the danages is directly due to faulty methods off packing eggs in cases and slowing the cases in the car. Four meetings held{ recently in Iowa were attended by overE 100 practical shippers who sends cars weekly, at least, to eastern marketsg and who expressed great interest in E the methods which the department hasS worked out for the conservation ofE this valuable foodstuff. They and manyl others have found the departments ss folder. How to Load Cars of Eggs." of assistance. Copies of this folder cana be had by writing to the bureau cfH chemistry. United States department, ofH agriculture, Washington. D. c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
DAIRY DIVISION OFFERS HELP

cred. Inspection of dairies. milk plants and other distributing centers are made; samples of the products are taken and analysed both chemically and bacterio- logically. When necessary. help is given in the installation of laboratories and technique and in the interpretation of the results of chemical and bacterial an anlyses.
 Special meetings may be held among both producers and consumers of milk in order to arouse interest in the local milk supply. Advice in framing ordi- nances to cover dairy and milk condi- tions is also offered.
 An important feature is the milk con- test work, in which specialists assist ln instituting contests and act as judges in scoring the product to determine the relative standing of milk producers. These contests encourage rivalry among dairymen and, in consequence, tend to improve the milk supply of city.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
Unusual Merit

The most enjoyable thing to lover of tobacco is a good, rich. ripe, mel low chew or smoke The Gaulden To- bacco co. of Dukedom. Tenn. will mail you absolutely free sample of Honest Homegrown. Homespun leaf tobacco for you to test for yourself the delicious flavor and fragrant aromaI of this excellent tobacco If you do| not want to wait for a sample send $lI for trial 2-lb. package. either chew I ing or smoking. strong or mild. ThIsl company guarantees satisfaction 'and| you take no risk by ordering.-Adv.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19

Total .... 1889 900 S2,068, 900 From these two statements it will be 1 seen that the aggregate acreage de- voted to the crops named was 13,671,- | 900 and that the gross yolue of the products was $379,2S0,000 The com parative acreage last year was 1S,15s,- 900 and the value of the same products last year was $311,249.0 900.
 ! It will be noted that the acreage ac- credited to several of the crops falls short of the preliminary estimate of last spring. In the case of corn drouth rendered it unprofitable to gather, and in some other counties some acreage was lost in the fall overflows. Not so much hay was cut from grass lands as was intended, and hay was not saved from all the harvested peanuts. The entire acreage grown to sorghum and ribbon cane was not made into syrup owing to a considerable surplus from last year. Unfavorable weather pre- vented the full settling of swwet pota- toes and the fall planting of Irish po- tatoes was not so heavy as usual. The scarcity of labor also had something to do with the failure to grow and har- vest the full intention of crop acre. lage.
 The acre yield of the cereals, beans and peas was not so good as last year, owing to unfavorable seasons. The same is true of hay, the yield from peanut vines being quite disappointing. Syrup yields were very good, due prob- ably to the long season of growth. Both kinds of potatoes also yielded heavily. The dry season in June and July, together with the very late fall. resulted in a good yield of cotton, de- spite the boil weevil, red spider. rust and lack of potash.
 With the high prices received for all products, the aggregate value of these principal crops is the greatest on rec ord. F. W. CYST,
 Field Agent.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-19
State Crop Estimates

The following statement comprises the fnal estimates of the products and the value thereof as determined by the bureau of December Il, as the results of the season of 1918 from the farms of A Ia haroa.