The sun., 1918-11-12
TOTAL CASUALTIES
SET AT 27,876,OOO
Treasure Expended in Worlds
Greatest Conflict Aggre-
gates S249,0O 100000.
U. s. NIGHT DECISIVE
Survey Of High Lights of I'll.
tanic Struggle That Be-
gan July %, 1914.

Inc war SO gloriously ended yesterday
by the surrender OF Germany endured
four years, three months and fifteen
u5SD days Of carnage. cruelty, sacri-
flee, suffering, heroism and high pur-
known.
It began July IS, 1914, when the
military masters of Austria-Hungary,
spwred on Dy the military masters Of
the German Empire, coldly and con-
temptuously rejected all peace overtures
and declared war against Serbia. It
ended November 10. 1913, hereafter to
he civilizations great holiday, when the
last prop Of organised evil collapsed and
the emissaries of the German Govern
nient accepted from civilization's Cap
tain-General, Ferdinand Foch. the de-
liberatc terms which disarm militarism.
U. $. Strength Turned Tide.
A swift survey OF the whole tremen-
dous period. a period SO tremendous in
deed that persons now living viii prob
ably never be able to realize and COM
prehend all OF its movements and
phases. discloses the Teutonic allies
Germany, Austria, Turkey and Bulgaria
victorious as the military map was
painted until the middle Of the summer
OF 1918. Until that hour of reckoning,
when the strength of the United States
began solidly to be felt, the Teutonic al
lance had triumphed from the military
standpoint. Germany had held a wide
strip of northern France and all save
100 square miles OF Belgium; had over
run all Poland and northwestern Rus
sia had conquered Rumania, Serbia and
Montenegro, and had made good. so far
ms the war map revealed, the Pan-Ger-
man dream of Mitteleuropa.
Austria held Galicla and had inflicted
q frightfui defeat upon the Italians.
Turkey. though worsted In the Palestine
and Mesopotamlan campaigns, neverthe-
less displayed, specifically, q strong
front. Bulgaria, having seized i'm
mense territorial loot, seemed to In
torpose a solid wall against the al
lied forces based upon Salonica.
And then, almost overnight, the whole
immense structure of Teuton military
strength tottcred, swayed and fell into
ruins. A great German offensive on
the western front in the middle Of July.
lels. was converted by the genius of
Marshal Foch into an irresistible allied
sweep.
On July, IS. 1918. the entire allied line
began to move forward. The Germans
were driven from lines they had held for
more than four years. They lost the
Hindenburg line and were hammered
out Of the great bases OF Lens. Lille,
Laon, Quentin ard Cambria. British,
French, Americans and Italians strik-
ing necessarily from the North Sea TO
switzerland. humbled the boosted
strength Of the German meitary ma
chine. The day Germany bowed TO the
inevitable her armies were everywhere
in rout, her autocrats were fleeing her
borders and riot and revolution we're
battering down political and social bull
warks sacred for centuries.
Austria Smashed by Italians.
In this same period Austria had been
smashed by the Italians and in a short
swift campaign lost 100000 men, an in
calculable amount of war material and
the very territorial possessions, Tren,
and Trieste. that she had been defend
ing successfully for four years. Hell
collapse on NoyembeG' l preceded Ger
n1any's, even as Bulgaria's and Turkey
had gone before her own. Bulgaria was
the first of the Central Powers to sur.
render having been smashed by the
British French-Greek drive from Salon.
lea, and almost before the Hapsburg,
realized that Serbia was lost to then
and that the door was open TO Hungary
Bulgarian emissares on September 81
were humhly accepting from Gen. Fran
chet d Esperey, the allied commander Il
the Balkans the armistice terms whicl
utterly disarmed the Bulgsrs. Turkey
crushed in Palestine and Mesopotamia
quit the war on October 81 when Aleppc
fell and permitted an allied fleet to pas:
through the Dardanelles and & 'risoi
Constantinople.
Nothing could have been NOR
astounding than the piled up events o
the past three months, allied victory fol
lowing allied victory; the whole monu
ment of Teutonic strength falling lik
a house OF cards; revolutions impendin;
or actually in progress in all of the de
feated nations the sacrosanct Hohenzol
lerns abdicating and In furtive flight
Ferdinand. Car of Bulgaria. abdicating
Charles. Emperor of Austria-Hungary
helplessly witnessing the disintegratio
OF his ancient empire; German kingdom
turning swiftly into republics; Hungar,
proclaiming a republic: Turkey kicking
out Enver Pasha and Talaat Pasha, tn
Young Turks leaders that had been he
evil geniuses and finally, In German
herself red revolution, mutiny, threat
to the Kaiser and abJect surrender,
These events are too recent and i
nany respects too unexplained to war
rant detailed review In this brief sum
mary OF the Great War. but the mos
rapid inspection of them furnishes tn
most dramatic picture the world eve
saw Already statesmen and phllos
ophers have assigned definite reason
for the amazing overturn of Teutonl
power and the sudden, tremendou
triumph of the Allies.
Why TeutOnism Crumbled.
These causes, briefly, have been men
ynhed as follows:
FIRST Internal weakness in the fotl
Central Powers, weakness In the matte
e war WEAKNESS and exhaustion. stai
walton, famine In metals and raw mate
rails, loss Of morale, utter discourage
tneut and logs of confidence In til
Kaiser and the junkers. the growt
through trial and suffering OF spirit 9
real democrscy--all of which made tn
apparent military power or Germany
Austria Hungary, Bulgaria and Turke
q mere shell. This shell. pierced by tn
savage strokes Of Foch, collapsed, leaN
ing nothing.
SECOND-The unified military COR
n;and OF the allied armies, comman
resolved upon. though late in the wa
by the wisdom OF Georges Clemencea'
Premier OF France; David Lloyd Georg
Premier OF Great Britain, and Woodro
Wilson, President of the United State
This unified command. "one boss" pei
mltted an absolutely intensive, scientif
and economical uso OF the vast nllitar
rorces at the disposal OF the Entent
Niles and rectified the blunders an
errors OF the past.
THIRD-The development of the wa
strength OF America, devclopmeI