davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08

petites with the proper kind and amount of feed.
 By means of the boys pig clubs of the department of agriculture thousands of boys are being instructed in hog rais- ing, and by this means are helping to produce a very important food for our soldiers and sailors. Your county agent, club leader or director of extension work at your state agricultural college will tell you of the work in your own state and how to join a club. The department wants 100000 boys to raise pigs-4o 0OO did it in pig clubs last year-but whether you are young or old, if you live in the country or the suburbs of city, yoI can do it, too, and thereby become d soldier of the commissary."
 HOW TO GET INFORMATION Farmers bulletins covering practically every phase of the swine industry are available for free distribution and may be obtained by writing to the United States department of agriculture, Wash ington, D c The states also have pub lished much excellent material on the subject of hog raising. An inquiry about hogs addressed to your state agricultural college will bring you information on what has been issued by your own state Your county agent can supple ment the printed advice by suggestions as to the adaptation of directions to your local conditions.
 Some of the hog raising publications of the United States department of agri- culture are listed below:
 Swine Management" Farmers Bul-
 etin STA; Breeds of Swine" Farmers Bulletin 765, containing information on the various breeds, their origin, general appearance, development and adapta- bility: Pig Clubs and the Swine Indus try" describing the pig club work; Movable Hog Houses" secretary's ci,- cular !02; Hog Houses" Farmers Bull letin 43S "The Self Feeder for Hogs, Farmers Bulletin 9o6; Hog Cholera, Prevention and Treatment" Farmers Bulletin ana Treatment" Farmers Bull letin S74; Tuberculosis of Hogs" Farm CTS Bulletin 731.
 Don't forget that the meat line is Of direct importance to the battle line.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Turn Tomatoes Into Sauce
It saves the full food value. It saves labor of peeling. af to; ;,a

It saves the full food value. It saves labor of peeling. It saves number of containers. Wash your jars; wash rubbers; test rubbers for quality. Set empty jars in pan of hot water and let boil for Is minutes. e
 Cut the tomatoes or use broken and small tomatoes.
 Add one large-sized onion chopped and one cup chopped sweet read pep per to each gallon of tomatoes.
 Cook until tender.
 Put through a sieve. a
 Add sugar and salt seasoning.
 Cook until the consistency of ketch- up.
 Stir constantly.
 Pack into hot pint jars.
 Cleanse rubbers quickly in hot soda bath q teaSpoonful soda to one quart water).
 Place jars on false bottom in wash boiler, filled to within two inches Of tops of jars with water same tempera- ture as contents of jars.
 Cover washboiler, and boil for 25 minutes.
 Start counting whan water begins to boil
 Invert jars, and examine for leaks.
 If leaks are found change rubbers and boil again for 10 minutes
 Store in a cool. dry, dark place
 To make seasoning:
 Mix sugar and salt in the proportion of third salt and two-thirds sugar Add one level teaspoonful for each pint of vegetables.
 Don't miss any step.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Time Start Sheep Raising

Late summer or early fall is the most favorable time to make start in sheep raising. Ewes may be procured more readily at this time, and when purchased may be kept on meadows, grain stubble fields, or late-sown forage crops to get them in good condition for breeding.
 Experience with the ewes through fall and winter will also make a beginner more capable of attending to them at lambing time. It Is seldom possible to buy any considerable number of bred ewes at reasonable prices.
 The inexperienced sheep raiser should begin with grade ewes of the best class available and pure-bred ram. The rais- ing of pure-bred stock and the selling of breeding rams can best be undertaken by persons experienced in sheep rais- ing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Bollworm Eradication

Recent work of the United States de- pertinent of agriculture and state author ities of Texas in eradicating the pink bollworm, the serious cotton pest which appeared in certain sections of Texas last year, consists in destroying cotton planted in violation of the pink boll- worm quarantine act of Texas, and in destroying all volunteer or seeding cotton In the area which might be the means of carrying this pest over to another year. During one month 45 fields in different localities in the quarantined area about Trinity Bay were examined and showed from l to 75 volunteer cotton plants per acre. All the available men have been concentrated on removing and destroying these volunteer. plants and cleaning up cotton fields. By this method it is hoped that the pink bol1worm can be entirely starved out.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Bits of Bee Culture
By MRS. JOHN A. GRAyLEE

Tn preparing these contributions, I want them to be on the round table orde. then turned into a question box tbipl. this will give an opportunity for all to express his or herself This is a broad wonderful. beautiful field for study. and the thoughts I am roughly throwing out oh pee culture are only starters Yet nope they will prove to you as the nttle starters we place in the brood chamber and Iound sections. These are taken by the bee and drawn out to the I'Inlt. l only open the avenue or door for you to step into and read and thor oughly investigate. 1 suggest the A $ C or bee culture. 'Dadent on the Honey- Bee Then put in your spare time read Ing until you are familiar with it's pages
 My thoughts crowd upon me, and [ try to sift and give the most important In the most concise manner, telling you at the same time of some real work have accomplished. This week I have gathered from an open field six pounds or melilotus seed. put down a
 f.i cV,', tho tait punches and then shake well, rubbing until not . seed was left. Now, I want this scattered. ana will cheerfully send to anyone who is willing to pay the postage. How ever, I have one pound to give as premium at the State Fair where I will
  will prove a pleasant surprise to all there. I might say natures sweet with it's different flavors. The melilotus fine grazing for the COW, and I hope the slogan will be to replace the bitter weeds with it. There is the lynn and poplar fruit blossoms and many others. all of different colors and flavor. Oh, could one doubt the unseen hand. Who, then, created the wonderful little machine that goes early and late working it's life out in open short days gathering honey for the honeycomb? Nothing but this lit- tie bee can get that for you.
 It not only gathers but prepares it, placing it in a nice little cell perfectly capped. The little bee doesn't worry after that he isn't afraid his product will spoil. No, it is safe for years, if put under lock and key.
 One will have to acknowledge that for our most beautiful lesson we go to the little honey bee-thrift, industry, cleaE- liness and perfection.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Red Spider Doing Damage

Considerable damage is being done to the cotton in the north end of the state by the red spider, says the Alabama ex- tension service of Auburn. Farmers ordi- narily speak of this trouble as rust overlooking the mite because of it's small- ness
 The following counties have reported serious damage by the pest: Jackson, Madison, Colbert, Lawrence, Morgan, Marshall, DeKalb, St. Clair, Chiffon and Lee Dr. F. L. Thomas of the depart rncnt of entomology of the extension service is now in the field Investigating the damage done and assisting in the control of the pest wherever possible
 The dry hot weather of the past few weeks has been very favorable to this mite, and is probably the cause of the present unusual outbreak. The presence Of the pest is first revealed by the ,yap- pearance of red spots on the leaves. The entire leaf may then redden or turn rusty yellow and finally drop. The webs can be seen on the under side Of the leaf and the mite itself can be seen with q magnifying glass, being some-s what pinkish in color. d.
 Preventive measures are more effective and rsrch more economical than repres- sive measures. Expressive measures consist of spraying with potassium sul- phid (thre pounds to 100 gallons of water) or lime-sulphur Summer strength. A week later a second spraying is neces- sary to get the mites which were in the egg stage at the time of the first spray ing. Extreme care, should be exercised in spraying to strike all parts of the plant, especially the under side of the leaves Spraying is practicable only on small scale
 At this time plantations which have shown no damag by this pest should ba closely watched, and the first plants showing any signs of it should be quick ly removed and burned. This may be the means of saving many acres of cot ton which might otherwise be destroyed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Ran Without Machinery

From the Philadelphia Telegraph.
 Speaking at a recent dinner, Senator Henry c. Lodge of Massachusetts, re- ferred to technical automobile terms. and told the following story:
 One afternoon sometime ago two young girls were sitting on the veranda knitting for the soldiers, when one of them turned the conversation to an auto ride she had the evening before
 MT. Jones' ability in running an auto mobile is simply wonderful" declared the pretty one. T never dreamed that it was possible to go quite so far without machinery"
 ''Go without machinery!" was the won dering rejoinder of the other Do you mean to say that such a thing hap penedrs
 'Yes." promptly replied the first. we must have gone at least 12 miles before 4r. Jones discovered that the engine was missinF z
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Plan for Big Harvest

Federal farm help specialists of the United States department of agriculture in the cotton states met July Is and 19 in Birmingham. to exchange ideas and make plans to aid in assuring sufficient labor for the harvesting of the south's big crop of cotton which, according to present indications. will be one of the largest ever grown. Prof. G. l. Christie. As- sistant Secretary of Agriculture, who is supervising the farm labor activities of the department under Assistant Secretary Ousley, explained the labor policy of the departme Ideas developed at the conference are expected to help in the general cotton harvest. which will begin about August l5.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Change in Date

The date for the annual convention of the Farmers Union of Alabama, which was set for Birmingham Ad- gust 29, 30 and 31, has been changed to August 22, B and 24. This change was made at the request of National President Barrett.
 All locals are urged to send live delegate, as matters of vital interest are to be considered.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Cottage Cheese Sales

Reports from four western cities where cottage cheese campaigns have recently been completed show largely increased sales of this wholesome meat substitute The following increased daily sales are recorded: Salt Lake City, Utah, from S75 to $50 pounds; Spokane, Wash, from 100 to 1900 pounds; Seattle, Wash, from Ills to 1875 pounds; San Francisco, from 393 5 to 1924 pounds; or a total increase of SS6o pounds of cottage cheese sold daily in the four cities.
 This is the result of To-day campaigns in each city in which the food value of cottage cheese and it's use in new dishes was demonstrated by a woman agent in dairying and in which the creameries and milk plants were assisted in making cheese by two representatives from the United States department of agriculture and the state agricultural college
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08

they should be lined with several layers of waxed paper-ordinary pariffin pa per is excellent-which should be SC placed in the box that the second layer covers the joints of the first and that the ends project beyond the sides o1
 the box sufficiently far to allow them to be folded snugly over the top to ex- clude insects. Then pour in the mate | rial. packing it down rather firmly with the hands, fold the paper tightly into
 place over the top, taking care to leave no openings between the folds, and ut on the lid. If paper or muslin bags
 are to be used, 1t is best to place the dry product in smaller bags, fold ing the neck of each over and tying | it tightly, and to drop number of these into a single larger bag which is in turn tightly tied. Such bags may be stored in tin can which has a
 reasonably tight-fitting lid, but if a
 warm, dry, airy closet or storage room is available it is a much better plan to suspend them from the ceiling so
 that the air may have free access to them.
 CHOOSE A GOOD ROOM
 The. room in which dried materials
 are to be stored must be one which is both warm and dry. The ordinary pan try or storeroom opening out of the
 kitchen is not we'll suited to the pur- pose, for such a room is usually kept
 ra ther damp by steam from cooking and dried materials readily take up
 moisture which they do not have op- portunity to give off into dryer air. If the house has an airy attic which is kept warm by flues from the rooms be- low, it will furnish an ideal place for storing dried products of all kinds, which may be suspended from rafters or stored in shelves near the chimney where the heat will prevent any seri- ous absorption of moisture during the winter. For the same reason. closet near a chimney or radiator in warm room is to be preferred to storage in an unheated closet.
 In districts which have exceptionally long periods of constant railfall or damp, muggy weather, or which are so near the ocean that high humidity pre- vails for long periods it will be neces- sary to employ special care in order to avoid spoilage of dried products. In
 such districts the supply of dried foods should be examined from time to time, and any portions which appear to be
 turned to the drier or placed in the
 oven of the cookstove and heated for a
 sufficient period to drive off the ex- cess moisture, after which they may
 be returned to the containers. Under
 less exceptional climatic conditions this
 will not be necessary with products
 which have been sufficiently dried
 in the first place.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Carrot Sweet Pickles

If you never have made S ~,eet pickle of carrots try some. Steam the car rots and pour boiling vinegar sweetenei and spiced, over them, and seal. If carrots are large. cut them. Mixed spice should be used. They are fine. If you dislike the flavor of carrots. you will not detect it after pickling.-Mrs. Charles w. Melbern.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Don't Wait on Cholera

Don't take a chance with sick bog. Act quickly. Get a veterinarian or a trained man immediately. Only prompt action will stop hog cholera losses. Ev- cry hog saved will help to win the war.
 The time for argument about antihog cholera serum is past, declare specialists of the United States department of agri- culture. Figures prove that when admin istered efficiently and in time, hog chol- era serum will keep well hogs from talk ing the disease. Y
 Quick action is imperative to get serum and trained operator to treat the Ihogs
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Costly Food Not Best

The nutritive value of an article of food and it's price seldom have any relation to each other. An expensive cut of bee' is not necessarily any more sustaininu than a cheap one. It usually tastes bet ter or can be cooked by easier methods. But care in cooking and seasoning will make inexpensive meats attractive and much better than costly ones prepared.
 With fruits and vegetables the price is often determined by the season. A vegetable out of seasor Is much more expensive than one in season. but 1t is not more nutritive.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08

Besides the nuts used in confectionery the Indian cashew tree yields an in- sect repelling gum, a juice that makes indelible Ink, and three kinds of oil, one edible. the others used to tan fishing nets and preserve wood
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08

On the recommendation of the law com mittee each member of the American Federation of Labor will be assessed l per cent during the period of the war; state bodies 5 and central bodies $10-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08

Recent experience has tended to show that carrier pigeons and other birds of passage are guided by magnetic cur rents. M. A. Thauzies, a French student of pigeons. has noted that on two occa- factory magnetic storms were occurring,
 and the flights of these birds have been becoming often uncertain anod cratic
 since. wireless telegraphy came into ex- tensive use.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Barley Saves Wheat

Not many years ago barley was used more extensively than wheat for bread making in many European countries. Now Is coming into American favor as . wheat substitute t
 Barley flour is very satisfactory for not breads. Try this recipe, tested by government specialists. for barley drop biscuits M
 Two cups barley flour, one and a half teaspoons salt, one cup milk. four ia olespoons fat, six teaspoons baking powder.
 Baked in sheet this makes a good shortcake. NM
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
NO PROTEINLESS HOG DAYS

Feeds that are rich in protein, sucfls as shorts, middlings, tankage and oil meal, so essential to the proper development of hogs. are hard to get and high in price. The United States department of agriculture is urging that hog growers provide substitutes for these feeds in the form of homegrown crops that are known to be rich in protein, and are advising the use of fish meal where it is obtainable. Alfalfa hay, soy beans, ccwpeas and oats are suggested as good substitute feeds. In addition to these products, cotton seed meal and velvet beans are available to hog growers in the southern states.
 Fish scrap, which has heretofore been used as a fertilizer, has been tried in hos feeding experiments conducted by the department of agriculture, and it has been found that meal made from this material is on a par with tankage when fed to hogs. A number of state experiment stations are now conducting similar experiments in feed fish meal to hogs. Owing to the transportation situ- alton. however, it is believed that fish meal cannot be fed economically west of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
A VARIETY OF CONTAINERS

A considerable variety of containers
 may be employed for storing dried veg etables or fruits. The essential features
 of a good container are that it shall be Iinsect-proof but not absolutely air-tight, and that it exclude the light. Heavy
 paper bags. stout pasteboard boxes, muslin bags which have been dipped into melted paraffin, lard cans or other tin cans having reasonably closefitting |slip covers, and tight wooden boxes sim liar to those in which commercial evaporated fruits are packed may all be employed with entire success
 If boxes or cans are to be used
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08

Dried foods are not ready to be placed in permanent containers as they come from the drier they must under go preliminary conditioning or after drying treatment. No matter how dry and crisp the surfaces of the pieces may feel to the touch there is a con siderab ble percenta ge of moisture pres {, ent in the interi5r. If such material were at once placed in containers, the moisture present in each piece of ma terial would gradually distribute it. self equally throughout the piece. while the air within the can would become almost satu with moisture, and spoilage wo- soon begin.
 In order to avoid this danger se- cure a number of good sized wood en boxes equal to the number of different products you are going to dry line these with clean wrapping paper or newspapers, provide sheets of closely woven mosquito netting or cheesecloth to cover them. and place them in a warm, darkened room. As material is dried, bring it directly from the drier and place it in the box set apart to that particular product, covering the box with cheesecloth so that the air may have free access to the contents while insects are kept out. At inter- vals of a day or two stir the contents of the box thoroughly, and when fresh batch of produce is brought from the drier mix it thoroughly with that already in the box.
 Continue this process for 10 days to two weeks During the first part of this time the products apparently will take on moisture, crisp and brittle pieces will become pliable and leatherv and the inexperienced housewife may be led to fear that the whole mass is about to spoil. But tn material will then gradually become drier by loss of moisture to the atmosphere and presently it will become apparent that no change is occurring in it from day to day. Now remove the material from the boxes, place it in the drier or in the oven of the stove, and heat it gradually up to 1S0 degrees F. to de- stroy any insect eggs which may have been deposited in it, and at once place it in nermanent containers
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
DROPSY

All distressing symptoms rapidly dis appear Liver and kidneys act better General improvement is realized. send by mail trial treatment absolutely FREE. Try it.. Never heard of anything it's equal for dropsy. Write to DIR. THOMAS E. GREEN Bank Bldg.s Box s& ChatsweFth. Ca.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08

Ten years ago we exported o00Oo, 900 cigaretts to China, which is an ayera ge lof about one cigarette a year for eacn celestial This year there has already
 been an average of 10 cigarettes exported 10 each Chinese, or in round figures, co00o.ooo. American cigarettes. says Popular Science Monthly. Last year our exports in cigarettes alone reached the Iyl2, 0ooooo mark,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
Increase Leather Supply

To relieve as much as possible the un- precedented demand for leather, the United States department of agriculture is urging that slaughtered and dead an- imals on the farm be skinned with great care. Usually the skinning of animals on the farm and the care of hides is not given great amount of consideration, and through carelessness many hides are c'lt and scored when they are removed By devoting a little extra time and care in skinning animals to make sure that they are not cut or scored. the farmer can increase, their value on the market several times. In tanning hides scores show very plainly and in many cases one-half of the thickness of the leather is lost by such defects.
 
 The lightning rod was inverted by Benjamin Franklin; cotton gin by Eli Whitney. friction matches by John Wal ker, the revolver by John Colt. electric telegraph by Samuel F. B. Morse, dou- bse cylinder printing press by Richard Hoe. sewing machine by Elias Howe. Gatling gun by Richard Gatlipg, subma- rine cable by Cyrus w. Field, telephone by Alexander Graham Bell, talking ma chine by Thomas A. Edison, automatic airbrake by George Westinghouse. reap Ing machine by Cyrus Mccormick
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-08
SHORTAGE CAN BE MET

Shortage in protein feeds can be met with alfalfa hay in all localities where it can be grown or obtained at reason able prices. There are two ways in which this hay can be successfully fed in small racks placed in protected sheds where the hogs may have free access to it, and by grinding it and feeding it in
 self feeders or soaked in the form Of thick slop. The departments specialists urge that hog growers provide an ample