davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
PLANS OUTLINED
FOR MAKING HAY
Three Men and Two Horses Is
Most Economical Crew for
Gathering Up Crop.
HAULING Done IN AFTERNOON
Amount That Can Be Handled Tn.
der Conditions Given VIII Be
From 40 to so Acres, Much De.
pending Upon the Yield.

prepared by the United States Depart-
ment Of Agriculture)
On many farms haymaking is car
ried on in more or less haphazard
manner, resulting in loss of time,
as now and then a part of the crew is
Idle. With small crews there is usual
ly less loss of time than with larger
crews, where some are moving and
raking, loading and hauling, and 9th
ers working at the barn all of the
time.
The smallest economical crew for
bringing hay from the field and put
ting 1t into the barn is the three-man
and two-horse crew. In the East, the
common practice is to load the wagon
with hand forks and unload It with
the horse fork or sling. This arrange
ment allows two men to pitch on the
load and one man to build the load on
the wagon and drive the team. When
the load Is on, all three men go to the
barn TO unload. At the barn one man
works in the NOV, one sticks the hay
fork on the wagon, and the third
nan drives the team on the rope. No
time is lost, except that lost by the
two pitchers in travelling between the
barn and the field. In the East the
average distance between these points
Is quarter Of a mile or less.
Custom In East.
On most average-sized farms in the
East the general custom is to haul
hay in the afternoon only. In the fore
noon, one man mows enough hay in
about four hours, starting after the
dew Is almost gone, for half days
hauling. Three to five acres, yielding
10 tons to the acre, Is about all the
ordinary three-man crew can handle.
The second man rakes every morn
ing, at the beginning of the haying
season, the hay that was moved the
day before. In the forenoon the third
man does not work at haying at all,
but is free TO do other farm work,
such as blowing corn, etc.
Let us see what the effect will be on
the size of the crew If the hay is not
cut until well past "full bloom" the
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
CAREFUL SANITATION
TO PREVENT DISEASE
Poultry COOps and Houses Should
Be Thoroughly Ventilated
Observance Of Simple Rules viii Pre-.
vent TROUBLE by overerowding and
Soil contamination-Turn
Soil In Yards.
prepared by the United States Depart.
ment of Agriculture.)

prepared by the United States Depart.
ment Of Agriculture)
With all classes of poultry breeders
there should be more careful effort
than ever before to secure thorough
sanitation and thus to prevent dis.
ease.
On farms correct sanitation is Sc
cured in houses and coOps by good
ventilation at all times and the re.
moval of the night droppings as often
rs necessary to avoid bad odor. On
the land the desired result is obtained
by distributing the stock so that all
droppings are taken up as fertilizer
by the vegetation growing on It so
quickly that there is no soil pollution
Observance of these simple rules will
not only prevent all diseases caused by
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

these remedies will thoroughly and
permanently rid poultry of lice. When
they are used treatment must be re-
peated at more or less frequent inter-
walls, as may appear necessary.
Sodium Fluorld Favored.
By using commercial sodium fiuorid
In the form Of powder, or as a dip, all
species of poultry lice may be de-
stroyed at one application. As the high
efficiency Of sodium fluorid in destroy
ing lice on poultry is Of recent discov-
cry the material is not ordinarily
found in all drug stores. With a de-
mand for 1t, however, local druggists
viii secure supplies. Poultry keepers
who desire to thoroughly eradicate
lice from their flocks should write the
United States department Of agricul-
ture, Washington, for Farmers Bull.
letin sol, which gives, with full details
Of the use of sodium fluorid, complete
information on the control Of mites
and lice,
The common chicken mite is a very
small gray insect which, when it has
filed itself with blood, becomes bright
red, hence the name "red mite" by
which It is often called. II may be dis
covered. II present, by looking on the
under sides Of the roosts and nest
supports, and In the wall crevices
near them. Where the mites are very
abundant they may be found in large
masses In such places. They also fire.
quent the nests Of sitting hens. With
reasonable attention to the cleanliness
Of poultry houses, mites are not like
ly to be troublesome except in warm
weather.
Treatment for mites consists In ap-
plications Of liquid Insecticides or dis
infectants to them and to the places
where they haroor, repeating the ap-
plications at intervals Of about a week
until all are destroyed. Any Of the
petroleum products commonly used I
for dlsinfectant purposes win be found
effective for the destruction Of mites. /
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
PREVALENCE OF HIGH WOOL
Sheep Business Placed IN New Light
BY Meat valuc-Adds Stability
to Farm System.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agricultrre.)
The continued prevalence Of high
wool and meat values has placed the
sheep business 10 new light. The
result win be that this phase Of ami.
NAL husbandry win contribute mate
rally to the nations food and clothing
supply. 1t win also add stability to
our systems Of farming and play an
important part In the more complete
utilization OF our agricultural re-
sources.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

Drsting peaches through the season
FOR brown rot and scab is fully as eff
fectve and much quicker than spray
Ing. Two applications are necessary
In a dry season: three II rainy. The
last application should be made about
uhree weeks before pickiT
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
STEERS PASTURED
IN SOUTH PROFITABLE
Supplementary Feeds Return
Profits While on Grass.
Results Given as Obtained by Expert
ments Covering Period Of Five
Years Conducted by Bureau
Of Animal Industry.
prepared by the United States Depart

prepared by the United States Depart.
ment OF Agrieulturcl
Supplementary feeds in addition to
grass have been found to be more prof.
table than grazing cattle without such
feed, according TO results obtained By
experiments, covering a period Of five
years, conducted by the bureau of ami
NAL industry of the department of ag-
riculture, cooperating with the Ala
bama experiment station.
Cottonseed cake is an excellent sup
Elementary feed for cattle on pasture.
Larger daily gains, but more expensive
gains, were secured when cake was
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
Use of Modern implements Is
One Way to Increase Crops
in Time of Emergency.
AIDS EFFICIENCY OF WORKER
United States Department of AgrlcuI-
ture Recommends That Farmers
Cooperate In Purchase of Va.
rious Farm Outfits.

Work which is generally done In
some part of the country with the aid
of machines that greatly increase the
efficiency Of the man employed is still
largely done by hand in other parts.
Machinery for the most Of the work in
connection with preparing and filling
the soil Is available in many sizes, and
frequently two or more outfits, each
requiring the time of one man, are
seen working in the same field ON OPP
erations for which implements Of two
or three times the size of those used
could be employed with just as satis-
factory results. There are few farm
horses which a driver of ordinary in
telligence cannot train to work in
large teams in few days time, and
most of the larger implements are lit
tie If any more complicated or diff
cult to handle than the small ones for
the same work.
Machinery Profitable.
Where the farm is large, and It is
not possible to procure sufficient labor,
specialists OF the United States de-
partment of agriculture say 1t is more
profitable, as well as patriotic, to IN
stall machinery which will enable the
operator TO plant, cultivate, and har-
vest full acreage of the crops best
suited TO his land and the needs of
his country, than to let some of the
land lie idle, or, at best, have 1t pre-
pared and worked poorly, and the
crops out of season.
In Farmers Bulletin $50, "Better
Use of Man Labor on the Farm" just
issued by the United States depart
ment Of agriculture, photographs of
actual farm scenes are printed to
show that In many cases work can be
doubled by the use of larger inple-
ments and greater motive power, and
sometimes the gain is considerably
more than that. If the nature of the
work and the machinery for doing II
are such that the best implements
will increase the efficiency of the
worker by only so or rs per cent their
use may make possible an Increase In
acreage by Just that amount and at
least will enable the farmer to do
his work In less time and allow him to
take better advantage OF good wealth
er II the season is unfayorable
Combining to Purchase Machinery.
Can all farmers afford to buy extra
horses and larger implements to save
man labor7 OF course those whose
farms require but one or two horses
to do the ordinary work seldom can
sfford to do so. But they can secure
this additional help by combining to
purchase larger machinery, and doub-
ling up their teams to operate II; or
one, usually more skilled In operating
machinery, or better able to purchase
It. may own the larger implements.
and do the work for several neighbor
farmers. besides his own. to the adj |
vantage Of all concerned. Both these
methods have been tried out IN many
localities with mowers. harvesters.
tractors. thrashing machines, and
other farm machinery.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
INVESTING IN MACHINERY

II two men, driving one horse
each, can combine the two
horses into one team which one
man can drive, and this team
can do as much or more work
than the two did singly, isn't 1t
wise to combine them and save
one mans time?
And If the farm is large and
conditions warrant, isn't it wise
to combine two of these two
horse teams into one, and save
another mans time?
But before making these extra
investments 1t is wise for the
farmer to consider well the cost
and the probable gain. If extra
horses and implements cost
more than they will produce, of
course 1t would be unwise to
make the investment.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
WOMEN ON FARMS

prepared by the United States
Department Of Agricultural
AS to the use of women on the
farms, the department recog-
nizes that they can be of great
value in certain minor tasks, but
the department believes that II
men of farm experience in the
towns and cities can be released
by the substitution of woman la
Dor temporarily, the needs of
farmers will be supplied and
there will be little demand for
woman labor on the farm except
for the lighter tasks.-Clarence
ousley, Assistant Secretary Of
Agriculture.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
TTT rT1'1'f'T 1'FfF'ffTT'1
HOW FARMERS GET HELP /:

prepared by the United States
Department Of Agriculture.)
In every agricultural district
there are farmers who have sue
ceeded In holding their en-
ployees in spite of all the attrac-
tons offered by other industries.
These farmers have usually EN-
ployed married men and have
furnished them with a small but
comfortable house. Moreover,
the laborers have enjoyed the
privilege Of raising a small gar
den and a few pigs and chickens.
Clarence Ousley, Assistant
Secretary Of Agriculture.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
PREVENT DISEASE ON FARMS
plsInfeetIon Of Seed, Location ane
Care Of Seed Bed and Crop Rota-
ton Are Important.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture.)
The first aim Of the farmer should
be TO prevent. IL possible, the introdue
ton and distribution Of destructive dis
eases on his farm. In order to accom-
plish this. several precautions Should
be observed, Of which the more impor
tant are ID the disinfection Of seed
CD the location and care Of the seek
bed, and 60 crop rotation.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
LEAVES USED AS FERTILIZER
Value Is Doubtful as They Contain 90
Per Cent Of Water-Plow Un-
der All Refuse.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agricuiture.)
The value Of cabbage leaves as fer
tillzer Is doubtful. They contain near
" % per cent OF wuter, 20 that even II
ell the dry matter had fertfllzing value,
the quantity is ordinarily so small as
TO be Of minor importance. In any
case. the refuse should be plowesi IN
der On fields designed for the culture
OF crops other than cabbage or its rcla-
lives.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

The weed hght is one of the stand.
ard routine operations on the farm,
and 1t represents large proportion of
the labor necessary to produce crops.
No other single feature of farming re-
quires such universal and unceasing
attention as do the weeds.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

Migrations Of rats from one local.
III to another probably are due chiefly
to food conditions. say investigators
Of the United States department OF
agriculture. After years In which the
pests are comparatively scarce in
rural aeighb0rhood they suddenly be-
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

Do not let the vegetables remain too
thick In the row. Too many beets to
the foot I'm the row Is Just as bad az
weeds Get the maximum results from
your ground BY thinning and good care.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

Early this season plans should be
made and executed In the building Of
suitable farm storage houses or cell
lars. This usually can be done at rel
atively low cost II undertaken In time.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
Rsason for Wsak calves.

Failure to provide suitable exercise
for the herd bull Is the reason for
many weak calves.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

stage of maturity at which hay (tim-
othy, for example) must be cut II
choice or "tea green" hay is to be Sc
cured.
Hay cut when past full bloom cures
quite rapidly if the weather is favor
able, and hay moved In the forenoon
can be put into the barn in the af-
terno0n. This arrangement requires
an extra man and two extra horses to
rake the hay. To facilitate matters,
the side-delivery rake should be used
so that loading can be started as soon
as the rake has made one round. The
fourth man win usually finish raking
by three or four o'clock in the after
noon, and can help load during the re-
mainder of the day. However, three
men pitching onto one wagon is not
ordinarily a very economical arrange
menf
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

For honey comb and cellar winter.
ing an eIght-frame hive Is commonly
preferred.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
Moving In the Afternoon.

Now let us suppose that it Is decid-
ed TO do the moving In the afternoon
as well as the raking. and see how this
arrangement affects the size of the
crew. Such a method requires anoth-
er additional man or team. making a
crew Of five men working In the hay
field in the afternoon only. There will
be one mai moving. one raking the
hay moved the day before. and three
men bringing hay from the field and
putting 1t into the barn. Two more
horses win also be required with this
method. making a total Of six. yet
this larger crew win handle no more
hay per day than the three-man crew
above described.
The amount Of hay that can be
handled under these conditions win
be from 40 to co acres. depending upon
the yield. II the hay loader is used.
more hay can be handled per day. The
two pitchers work on the wagon build
ing the load, and the third man drives
the team.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19

Beans may be used IS snccesslos
crop for grass, spinach. or onion sets
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-19
HENHOUSE PESTS
IN HOT Weather
Plan Outlined for Poultry Keepers
to Eradicate Lice and Mites
in Summer.
MANY KINDS OF PARASITES
Advisable for Novlces to Make Sure
That Flock Is Free From insects
by Giving Each Fowl IndIvid-
uaI Treatment.
prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture)

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Fowls are infested by two kinds of
body parasites-lice and mites. Lice
live continuously upon the birds. The
common mite feeds upon them on the
rOosts at night, and after feeding Sc.
cretes itself in the cracks and crevices
about the roosts.
There are many different kinds of
poultry lice. Those most common on
fowls are-the body louise, yelloWish in
color and about One-tenth of an inch
In length, which remains on the skin
of the fovss; the shaft louise, somewhat
smaller and very pale In color, which
is usually seen on the shafts Of the
feathers, and the head louise, a large
gray species which is most frequently
observed on the heads Of young chick
ems.
Lice Multiply Rapidly.
Lice are not usually very abundant
on healthy fowls which are kept under
sanitary conditions and provided with
dust baths. They multiply rapidly up
on birds of low vitality and sluggish
temperament and are quickly distrib-
uted through flocks upon premises
where attention to cleanllnessis indif-
ferent.
For novices in poultry keeping, and
with smHl flOcks generally, it is adj
visable to make sure that the flock is
free from lice by giving the birds in
divdual treatment which will secure
that result. The most universally pro-
durable article for this purpose is pow
dered sulphur. The method of apply
Ing this is to hold the bird by the feet,
head down, and dust the sulphur free
ly into the feathers, using either a
small insect-powder gun or a can with
perforated cover. Pyrethrum may
be used in the same way. Neither of
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-02-20

sumption of starch and as an initial
measure, the laundries were forbidden
to use so much for starching clothing
Then the men were appealed TO and
asked to wear soft collars and un-
starched or negligee shirts. They
we're also asked TO wear shirts with
soft cuffs and soft collar bands-in
fact, 10 eliminate the stiff, uncomfort-
able collar in one form or another,
they have been saying for centuries
they wanted TO abolish.
In America, when we began food
conservation, we, too, made similar
appeal, although our need being less
we did not emphasize it so strongly
But what has been the result? The
men have gone on buying and wearing
the stiff, uncomfortable collars In
stead of gladly Selling upon so favor
able a pretext TO emancipate them
selves, they have shown that the wear.
ing of stiff collars has become a habit
and that far from wishing to get rio
Of them, they cling to them most tena.
ciously. Is it vanity or what?
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-02-20
- CLIPPIN G 5 OF
- CAPITAL COUPONS

So much publicity given the story
that the Kaiser is at Spa, Belgium
raises some curiosity as to where he
really is.
AT least the Kaiser is not at the An
napolis Spa.
Password in time of danger: Get
together"
Liberty bread will be even more ex-
cellent with victory butter.
President Carranza follows winning
tactics against villa He keeps the
bandit chief at as great q distance as
possible.
The Germans need not fear we shall
take everything when we get to Ger
many We will never take the Ger
mans word.
Hog Island navy yard, was eStlmat-
ed to cost $21 100000; it is now said
it will cost more than twice that sum
Rightly named, anyhow.
Somebody having quoted Tacitus on
the Germans, we are asked who Taci-
tus was. He was the man that put
'tacit" in taciturn.
A merchant can get along without
advertising and so can a wagon with
out grease-but il goes hard.
After young man has blown in all
his money on a girl, she often shows
her gratitude by marrying some other
fellow.
The weather refuses to thaw Very
well. then, we'll dismiss our weather
man.
All girls sing like birds, Still there
are many kinds of birds.
BY holding her tongue a woman
can keep her husband guessing.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-02-20
LESSONS FROM THE HANOVER
STREET BRIDGE ACCIDENT.

The accident which occurred a few
days ago on the Hanover Street
Bridge. resulting in serious injuries
20 the six occupants Of the automobile.
II not the loss OF two lives, is but
another incident Of speeding and reck-
less driving and too much booze, or a
wild dash to get booze.
Automobiles are both great con-
venience and blessing, but the cas-
ualties resulting from drunken
chauffeurs, speeding and reckless
driving are beyond all reason. At
least eighty per cent of all the acct
dents result directly from speeding
and reckless driving and indirectly
from booze. and only a very few can
honestly be classed as unavoidable.
The Automobile Commissioner seems
10 be doing everything possible to put
a stop to IL, but there seems to be
something lacking.
Not only do we read of violations OF
the law elsewhere, but IL is to be re-
GREETED that the automobile law is
violated in and about Annapolis.
Speeding and reckless driving are
common, and machines are frequently
seen without lights and standing on
the streets with their engines run
ming. all these being strictly in vio-
lation of the law. If these violations
are permitted to continue we can only
expect to hear of other serious acct
dents sooner or later.
In justice TO automobile drivers,
however, we wish to say in passing,
that these violations are not confined
alone to them. but drivers of other
vehicles are often guilty of violating
the law.
II is to be hoped that all drivers,
whether of automobiles or of what,
will take warning of the terrible
catastrophes of the past, give up
speeding and careless driving and
help reduce the casualty list.