The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1918-03-15
In Many States It ls Entirely Practl'
cable to Replace Coal with Wood
Saving Would Amount to
10000 Cars.

greater will be the number available
for carrying other war commodities.
Manufacturers, of course, canno
substitute wood for coal; neither cal
city people, because this would resul
In even greater railroad congestion
Nor is 1t likely that in either the Soutf
or the West the use Of wood for fue
can be greatly increased. But IL
Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Mas
sachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
Ohio Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wis
consin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Missouri
It ought to be entirely practicable In
many, cases to replace coal with wood
for fuel. In these II states is rural
population of about 20,000,000, which
It Is estimated, uses annually about
100000 tons of coal. If, by substi'
tuting wood, one-quarter of the coal
burned by farmers and one-tenth OF
the coal burned In villages could be
saved, the total saving would amount
to nearly 100000 tons, or between
$1,000 and 10000 carloads.
Reduce Coal Consumption.
It is where team-hauled wood can
be used In place Of railroad-hauled
coal that the change should be made.
Farmers who own woodlands and peo-
pie In villages who can purchase wood
from nearby farms are the ones IN the
best position to reduce their consump-
tion OF coal 1t is not expected sub
stitutlon Of wood for coal will be COM
plete or universal; for many purposes
coal Is much more convenient But
for heating many kinds of buildings
wood is the more convenient and
cheaper fuel. This is particularly true
In the case Of churches, halls, summer
cottages, and other buildings for which
heat Is required only occasionally; but
Is then wanted In large volume at
short notice.
Furnaces are built especially for
burning wood In or 4 foot lengths.
Short lengths, Of course, can readily
be burned in an ordinary coal furnace
or In box stove, though this is rather
wasteful of fuel. Many furnace manu-
facturers, however make special
wood crate for use in their furnaces.
One advantage In burning wood is that
on moderately cool days the furnace
can be run at lower etb than when
coal is used, consuming only enough
fuel to remove the chill. When wood
is used In round pot furnace, care
should be taken to have each piece lie
fiat
If stove crate Is too coarse for
wood, n sheet iron cover over n good
part of the surface will make 1t suit
able, or few fire bricks can be used.
Relative Heating Value Of Wood and
Coal.
In the matter of heating value, one
standard cord Of well-seasoned hick-
ory, oak, beech, birch, hard maple, ash,
elm, locust, or cherry is approximately
IN ono ton 70 ooo norrdsl -
,ntbrocite cooI II totoe n cord o,d n
half of soft manic md two cords os
cedar nonIor mr. hosswood bowovar
to give the same omount NJ hoot
one cord of mixed wood we'll sea-
sonod onrolO i, LootIna voI,o =. ,aos.
ana tom 70 oon nn,,n,Is, 80 a"ono.o 80
yrado rI,,n,Ino,s ooaI
II u,a oonsu,,,a. ooa ,,,,,o
ian q ,rould he'll, w. ,,..th tD t, y, ~ W
~ h,,ru onst o,oa. ,,',, -. W." -. " 60 ,"o WEI, ~
,voo,,t IN on ~ 49,, a. a.n.,", ~ W ,' ao'u'
,,,I T., -" -, w. l,,''.,la. .p'''to' D@"u9s
,nno,or ooaI hooo','a', s"'o"s ap soa'o, aue,' A., -
n n,rnat No soo,,noa w. ,,,e,s,"',. w to ,".' u"'
intos 'I tho nonnn,,,on uu " "u'In' n'm' -, qu"n I
,a,.as hnuo :" nmna ,n",'n 90 1'
,maa e,s ,, "'0' ~ Wv Vi
W" w." '"
"e''''u' " "aN'"e eoro"oou'
ne '''ost common method OF making
."ruWoou Is 10 cut the trees into 4
foot lengths with the aX and split the
arEer pieces. The pieces are then
plIeu IN standard cord, which is 8
feet long, 4 feet high, and feet wide,
The contents are l2S cubic feet, of
Which about 10 per cent Is wood and
70 per cent air. Wood cut 4 feet long
can be sold to brlckyards, llmekllns,
pants ana other Indus
'rI'S, put IL 100 large Tor household
use rms method Is used chiefly where
tue Tree growth Is comparatively
small us In second growth, because
such wood splits easily
Ahother method and one better
adapted Tor OLD growth hardwoods,
which are difficult to split, Is to saw