davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
SOME RAILROAD MEN RECEIVE SAME PAY AS IN YEAR l639
This Is Claim of Technical Employees Before Wage BOard-Overtime Plan
 Is Opposed

Washington. February :fs-Requests by employees that the railroad wage com mission recommend time nnd half for overtime as q penalty for work beyond eight hours waS answered to- day by E. +. Potter, assistant to the general manager of the Minneapolis, st. Paul and sault Ste. Marie, with the assertion that such a proposal was un. fair and impracticable.
 MT. Potter told the commission both the management and the employees agreed that it was impossible to run a railroad without some overtime, be- cause of many delays beyond the control of either side. In the final analysis, he said. reduction in overtime work de- pended on the employees themselves, anc therefore a penalty should not be inn posed, though the railroads always hae been willing to submit the question |, arbitration by a government board
 A. H. Krom of Chicago, speaking for members of the American Association of Engineers, urged 50 per cent in- crease for technical men. He intro- duced letter dated 1889 showing that the pay of an assistant engineer ori the Louisville, Cincinnati and Charles ton was $500 a year. which he said was the average pay today.
 Employas at Boston of the terminal div ision of the Boston and Maine filed application for $1 a day increase in wages, an eight-hour day, time and
 
 cation and Saturday afternoons off
 The hearina was adjourned to Mon- day to permit testimony by a number of union representatives.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Artillery Duel Continues and Pershing's Men Are
 Scoring Many Hits
COORDINATION OF
 ALLIES IS PERFECT
This Is Shown When French and British Exchange Places in St. Quentin Sector Without
 Single Hitch

With the American Army in France, February 21.-(By the Associated Press.p- 1.-The artillery duel continues night and day. The enemy is firing an ever greater number of shells but only Insignificant damage has been done to the American lines. American shells, on the other hand. appear to be hitting important enemy positions with regu- 1nrity except when a ground haze ob- scures observation.
 Activity in the air has not dimin- ished and numbers of German ma chimes continue to cross the American lies. Today a German machine flew so low that 1t emptied It's machine gun into a group of American sol- diers assembled around a camp kitch- on. The enemy airmen in the airplane were clearly seen. No casualties were reported today.
 large number of German guns now are opposite the American sector Among them are some SS's probably from the Russian front.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
John Sharp Williams Says Congress is ssTweedling"
 Time in Face of Crisis

Washington, February 2l.-During the Senate debate today Senator Williams of Mississippi censured Congress for de- lays in war legislation and declared he come before Congress in the same way the British premier goes before Parlia- ment.
 '.There is chance Of the central pow CTS breaking through the Italian front and attacking France from the rear. " the Senator declared. "but while that $ aef4r done. you are tweedling away lssa ovas the. provisions of a bill. The 4 ssia kcars people expect you and me to eat tnros2gh these appropriations and esaaf werieY war measures and 50 home 2
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Americus, Ga., and
 West Point, Miss, Are
 Named Aviation Points

Washington, February M.-Sites for new army aviation training camps at Ameri- cus Ga; West Point, Miss, and Sacra- mento. Cal, were finally approved today at the war department. Various other cities have been recommended by the aviation section of the signal corps. and many new camps are to be established because it has become apparent that the IA flying schools and eight ground schools now in operation cannot accom- modate the recruits who are responding to the call for men to man Americas s air fleet.
 Plans for some of the proposed new camps still under consideration have ad- vanced to the stage where contracts for construction work have been prepared.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Another $5OO,OOO,O ,OOO Block of Certificates Is Offered
 to Banks of the Country

Washington, February 21.-Another $500, ,O00, 900 block of treasury certifi- cates of indebtedness in preparation for tho third liberty loan was offered for subscription tonight by Secretary McAdoo.
 They will bear interest at the rate of Az per cent as against the pre- vious high mark of per cent. and will be payable next May 2S. Sub- scription books will close March 5 and payments must be made between Feb ruary 27 and that date. <
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Camp Sheridan Quarantined Against ElmOre County

Montgomery, February 21.-(Spe- cial )z-Camp Mcclellan has been quar- antined against Fillmore county by di- vision headquarters because of in- formation that blind tigers are oper- ating beyond the river and that wom- en are congregating for immoral pur- poses. A division order published Thursday without explanation an- nounced that no soldier would be per- mitted to cross the river which sep arates Montgomery county from Ell more county and that guards had been stationed at the bridge and ferry. One arrest for bootlegging has been made across the river and Investigations conducted by the military police have convinced division headquarters that no soldiers should be permitted to cross the river except on business. No soldier will have business in Elmore county except at the rifle and artillery range line.
 Training work will be suspended at Camp Sheridan Friday while the divl- sion will observe Washington's birth Gay. Throughout the day the men will be permitted to do practically as they please.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Through Passenger Traffic Will Be Carried by Ger
 tain Roads Only
MARKHAM IS MAKING
 INQUIRY INTO PLAN
Railroad Administration Expects to Save Millions of Dollars With out Inconvenience to the
 Travelling Public

Washington, February 21-Fast pas scnger train competition between New York and Chicago, Chicago and St. Louis, Washington and southern points ant, other Important rnssenger tcr- minnIs will be eliminated soon, the railroad administration announced toe day. Certain ronds will be selected for fast passenger trains and other lines devoted more extensfyeIy to freight traffic.
 Investigation has been made by A. II. Smith, national director for the east, to determine whether the New York Gen. tral, Pennsylvania or Baltimore and Ohio, should be used for fast passen- ger trans between New York and Chicago. It is understood the New York Central is being considered most fav- orably because of heavy freight on the other two lines
 c. H. Markham, regional director 10. the south, in Investigating passenger conditions in that territory with a view of removing certain through trains from New York and Washington to Jackson vile and other southern winter resorts
 By this means the railroad adminss- tration hopes to save many millions oI dollars without inconveniencing pas senger traffic. In many cases, officials point out, the fast trains running in competition are only partially filled.
 Atlanta, February 21.-C. H. Markham regional director of the south for the federal railroad administration, stated today that the question of eliminating passenger trains on southern roads was now under investigation. Recommends tions by railroad executives will be con- sidered before any formal orders are is' sued he stated
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
German Espionage Is Discovered i11 Heart
 OF Industrial France

ordnance factory at St. Etienne. In his room were found documents showing that he was connected closely with the re- cent strike in sthat city. He also was interested in military questions and was corresponding with suspected individuals
 in another section. He had safe-con- duct available for various military zones. N These discoveries at St. Etienne. the Figaro says, established the fact that under German direction there is at work a "defeatist' organization whose avowed object is to promote at given date while German offensive is in full swing insurrectional troubles at different points in France.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22

Paris, February 21.--An important cen ter of German espionage has been dis covered, the Figaro reports. at St. Eti enne. in the heart of the industrial dis trict of France. sAccording to this ac- count the purpose was to influence work men by means of a carefully organized system, with a view to causing strikes and riots.
 The headquarters of the propaganda was a prosperous saloon, kept by a German and his wife. The German and his wife. a Spaniard, a Swiss and a man who lodged at the saloon, named Fialex. were arrested.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
By the Associated Press

Like a great tidal wave, the German invasion of Russia rolls forward. From Leal, in Esthonia, the Russian province on tile south shore of the Gulf of Finland, on the mort to Rovno, part of the famous tri- angle of fortresses which stood as d ATrscovite bulwark in the early days of the war, on tine south, the Germans are still advancing.
 The Teutons' forward movement has taken the form of a crescent, with it's convex face toward the heart of Russia. Minsk, which was occu- pied Wednesday by German troops, according to an official report from Berlin, is at the extreme eastern curve of the wave.
 The formal message of surrender sent to the German high command in Rus sia, after Berlin had refused to accept a equalization by wireless, has not as yet been received, and it is probable that there will be no halting of the German invasion until Russia's abject acceptance of peace terms is in the hands of the German general staff possibly not then.
 MUCH LOOT TAKEN
 From the official reports emanating from Berlin, it would appear that the Russians were not destitute of supplies with which to continue the war. Dis patches received Thursday were to the effect that the booty captured at Rovno is enormous Among the items enum- erated were 1858 guns, 120 machine guns. 400O to 5000 motor cars and trains with about 1000 carriages, many of which were laden with grain: airplanes ana war material of an amount said to be "incalculable."
 The decision of the Russian work mems and soldiers deputies to accept the German peace terms was not reahed without struggle, and the final vote on the question showed a majority of only one vote in favor of surrender.
 GUERRILLA WARFARE LIKELY
 Should the German armies continue to advance after the formal message of surrender is delivered. it is probable that the bolshevik leaders will order guerrilla warfare against the invaders. It was all nounced Wednesday at Petrograd that the advance of the Teutonic armies be- gan new war, and that there will be stern resistance offered before the Rus alan capital is given up.
 GERMANY STIRRED UP
 In the meantime, the situation in Russia has stirred up considerable ops position in Germany, especially among the independent socialists. whose lead CT. George Ledebour, said that the Reichstag Thursday, said that the treaty of peace with Ukraine was moi acceptable to his party. Dr. Edware David, another socialist leader. is re- ported to have expressed the hope thai
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The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
I. w. w. Plots to Poison Cattle, Burn Grain and
 Burn Mills Is Revealed

San Francisco. February 21.-Al- Of the World to poison cattle and burn grain, farm houses and lumber mills along the Pacific coast were revealed in confession today by Fritz Hager- man, alias Charles Aisenbach, who said he had participated in some of the actions proposed. according to state- ment by officials of the fire preven- tion bureau of the Pacific.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
America Makes Economic Agreement With Spain
 to Obtain Army Supplies

Washington, February 21.-An eco homie agreement with Spain. under which General Pershing will get mules. army blankets and other materials in that country in return for cotton. oil and other commodities from the Uni- ted States, was signed today in Ma drid. The state department was so ad- yised tonight by Ambassador Willard.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
LIKE TIDAL WAVE HUN INVASION OF PROSTRATED RUSS LAND ROLLS ON Forward Movement of the German Armies Takes
 Form of Mighty
 Crescent CAPTURE OF ROVNO GIVES CONQUERERS ENORMOUS BOOTY Bolsheyiki May Carry on Guerrilla Warfare if
 March of Enemy
 Continues
Trotzky May Resign

London. February 21.-Forty-five German warships were approaching Reval on Wednesday,. according to a message received by the Express from it's Petrograd correspondent.
 Troops have been landed at Re- val and the Daily News bolshevik correspondent telegraphs that Leon Trotzky, bolshevik foreign minis ter, probably will resign.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
FIRST OF FICIAL ]. ESTIMATE 0F LOSS 0N TUSCANA MADE
  Government Reports Place Known Dead at 127 and Eighty-One Still Un-
 accounted For

Washington. February al.-The tirss official estimate of the losses by the torpedoing of the troop ship Tuscania was issued today through the committees on public information.
 It states that there were PITS osfl- cers and men aboard; 1851 saved; known dead, 127; still unaccounted for. Si.
 The unofficial compilation has shown 136 known dead: B unknown dead ana 72 still missing. including the unidents- fled dead The official compilation II American army headquarters last nshs put the total dead at 204.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Casualty List Reported
 by General Pershing

Washington, February 1.-Two American engineers were slightly wounded in action in France Febru- ary 1s and IS. They are: Privates George w. Sterling, Melrose, Mass and John J. Fay, Medford, Mass.
 The death of Private James R. Mar tin, Liberty. Aia. from pneumonia was reported.
 General Pershing also reported that Private Luke A Lovely, engineers. Snuth Amboy. N. |. reported missing in action November 30. was buried De- cember g.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
PERFECT COORDINATION

With the British Army in France February 2.-(By Associated Press.) .)-An- other striking illustration of the co-ordi- nation between the entente allied armies on the western front has been given in the successful transfer of a considerable stretch of the front below St. Quentin from French to British hands. From the inception of this deli cate operation no hitch occurred Thou sands of French troops and scores of great batteries moved quictly3 and me- medically out of the line day after day to make room for similar British units It was done as easily. as if the whole vast programme hadt hAen rehearsed. Great credit is due the Fresash for the ex- cellent condition in whidk they left the defenses in this important region. Un- told confusion, perhaps disaster, might have resulted had the defensive system been inferior, but it is such as to draw the highest praise from the British cora- mand.
 When the correspondent visited this sector few days ago he found the British firmly established in their new home, The country contaans wooded hills, pleasant valleys and the quaint, ancient towns, many in ruins.
 FASCINATING SPECTACLE
 St. Quentin. which formerly was dom mated by both French and British artil- lery, is fascinating spectacle, partly because of it's magnificent ruins, and partly because of the great force of German troops there. Long continued gunfire has reduced the princinpal build ings to ruins, but it's grandeur has not departed The white walls of the won derful cathedral are visible for many miles, but they are badly shattered and the roofs have long since been blown away. The town hall, the palace of jus tice and other buildings are in similar condition.
 Occasionally one sees a dark figure framed In some window of one of the many towers in St. Quentin. Otherwise there is no sign of life, although it is known that thousands of men are hid den among the ruins. St Quentin affords the Germans many excellent observation points, but none better than are pos sessed by the British.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Postal Air Route Will Be Established Soon Between
 Washington and New York

Philadelphia. February 21.-Search for an airplane postal station was be- gun in this city today by Otto Prae- ger, second assistant postmaster gen- eral The postal authorities plan to est ablish m air route between Wash ineton. Philadelphia and New York.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Administrator Issues Long Statement in Which He Draws Gloomy Picture
 of Situation
SHIPMENTS TO ALLIES ARE FAR BEHIND THE
 PROGRAMME PLANNED
Lays Entire Blame on the Railroads, and This Is Resented by Secre-
 tary McAdoo

Washington, February 21. The eastern part of the United States faces a food shortage likely to continue for the next 60 days.
 In making this disclosure to- night Food Administrator Hoover declared that the sit uation Is the most critical in the country's history and that in many of the large consum- ing areas reserve food stores are at the point of exhaustion.
 The whole blame is put by the food administrator on railroad congestion, which he says also has thrown the food administration far behind in it's programme for feeding the allies. The only solution he sees is a greatly increased rail movement of foodstuffs |even to the exclusion of much other commerce.
 It was very evident tonight that the railroad administration is inclined to resent MT. Hoovers blame of the rail- roads, and Director General MeAdoo declared he was ready to provide every transportation facility for expeaitinw food movement. The railroad adminis- tration. he said, had suggested that farmers be urged to release #ssssw grain holdings, that large numbefe sf available cars might he utilizs moving them.
 CEREAL EXPORTS SHORT Cereal exports to the allies. Mir. Hoovers statement says, will be d5,- o0ooo0 bushels short on March l. and meat shipments also are far short or the amounts promised. Inability to move the crops, Mir law of supply and demand and has created a price margin between pro ducer and consumer wider than 1t ever was before.
 CORN IS SPOILING A large part of the corn crop is about to spoil because 1t is not moving to terminals for drying. The percent | age of soft corn in last years crop, all of which must be dried if 1t is to be saved, is the largest ever known. Esti- mates place the amount as high billion bushels.
 l GENTLEMEN ARE LOSING The cost of grains for feeding lS stock has increased to such an ex- I tent by reason of transportation diff
 dculties, MT. Hoover says. that feed- CTS are confronted with the prospect of serious losses. Dairying interests. too, he declares, are hard hit. l Potatoes. the food administrator de- clared, are spelling in the producers hands while consumsrs have beea supplied only from summer garden crops and stores carried over. TEXT OF STATEMENT l MT Hoover's statement follows: l 'In response to many inquiries. I ', beg to say 1t Is true that since De- l ccmber 1 we have fallen far behind l our agreed food programme with the allies By the end of February we will l be short 45,000,000 bushels in cereal products which we undertook as our
 share of their supplies. We will also l be short of the amount of meat and pork products that we were to deliver. This deficiency is due solely to the railway congestion since that date. I The railway directorate since coming into control on January l has made l effort to find remedy but during tEN 1 month of January the weather was p
 superable and although progress hs l been made since February the SSs1
 
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The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Cold in Montana

Helena, Mont. February M.-Montana registered the coldest weather in the country today when the thermometer at Havre went to 32 below zero.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22
Prohibition for Hawaii

Washington. February 2l.--War time prohibition in Hawaii is provided in bill favorably reported to the House to- day by the territories committee.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-02-22

(Continued on Page Twoy
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1918-07-26

riculture which prevails In that re-
gion and not according to the ideal
system Of agriculture which loss not
pay interest or amortization pay
ments because 1t Is not applied.
Such being the facts, 1t would seem
that the effect of the farm loan act.
so far as 1t has any effect, will be to
establish a form Of farm values
based upon the productive value of
tho land. This form Is not the pro-
ductiye value when the land Is in
some special crop or given special at
tention, but the general value of the
land under our system of farming
when put to general agricultural
uses.
Under the circumstances 1t would
not seem that it ought to generate
any boom in farm land values.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1918-07-26
FARM LOAN SYSTEM
AND LAND VALUES
ALBERT E. EGGE

The question is often asked as to
whether or not the federal farm loan
system will not result in a great in
crease in land values. 1t is, of course,
a fact that every social, financial,
economic, and governmental step in
the direction of progress is finally
capitalized, so far as its financial
benefits are concerned, in land
values. The federal farm loan act
is, probably. such a step. In view OF
the fact, however, that the loans
made to farmers are based upon agri-
cultural economics and upon the
value of land for productive pur-
poses. its effect upon land values will
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1918-07-26
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE

le christian Science society holds
,,a ICES every Sunday morning at
han NV o'clock in the new Masonic
~ Subject of the lesson-sermon
next Sunday, Love"
s,. o'umonial meetings are held
o,., wednesday evening at 500
,a.s' A IN the Masonic hall. A free
svas wing room is open to the public
n,.,a ai'ernoon from 200 to 400
hnns, A at 226 First National Bank
sol s' All authorized Christian
., hos literature may there be read