davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
This Wasp Uses a Hammer

So far as shown. only one small in
sect-a wasp of the spheX family
among the millions of creatures belong
ing to a lower order than man, has
ever employed the aid of a tool to ac-
complish a desired result. The mother
wasp of this family digs a tunnel in
the ground, deposits her egg in IT ana
provides a caterpillar stung to death
or to a condition of paralysis for her
baby to feed on when Matched, Inc
grub subsists on this caterpillar until
il passes through the pupa stage into
the perfect-winged insect. Then 1t
digs it's way out of the tunnel n be-
gins its life above ground as a wasp.
But after the mother wasp has made
its tunnel and deposited the egg. II
finishes it's task by ramming down pei
let's of earth. little stones. etc, INTO
the mouth of the tunnel. This Is the
race habit of these wasps. 1t Is re-
corded on u~ndoubted authority that one
inventive mother, when the mouth or
the tunnel was covered to a level with
the rest of the ground about II, brought
a quantity of fine grains of dirt TO
the spot and picking up a small pebble
in her m~andibles. used it as a hammer
in pounding them down with RAPID
strokes. thus making the spot as firm
and as hard as the surrounding sur
face. Then she departed. brought more
dirt. picked up the pebble again and
used it as a hamne as before
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
Castor Bean Production

The castor-bean plant is cultivated
by the Chinese farmer in a very small
way in South M%anchuria. The beans
are generally grown as a border around
fields planted to other crops; being
poisonous to cattle, they help to keep
live stock out of the fields and also
serve as danger signals to cattle herd
ers. The beans are harvested in the
autumn and are shipped off to market.
One Of the local bean mills is crushing
them and making refined castor oil as
a side industry. 1t experiences diff
Guilty in getting much stock, as these
beans are now quite scarce. one hav-
ing appeared on the local produce ex-
change for the past three months. l
understand most of these beans come
from the interior, farther north. The
standard produce exchange contains 40
kin lS6 "a pounds. and a carload
contains $50 bags of twenty-five tons.
The oil refined here Is refined by the
use of fuller's earth and certain chemi-
cals-the usual process. though, called
secret here.
No information of value Is obtainable
regarding Methods of cultivation. fer
~tilizers. costs, etc, as this crop is simply
grown by the Chinese farmers with the
ordinary means at their disposal. The
cake from which the oil has been eX-
tracted Is not suited for anything but
fertilizer. for which il is used.-Com-
merce Reports.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
WAR WILL LAST FIVE
YEARS, SAYS HEM
Tells Bakers That GERMANY
Cannot Be Starved
Out
SCORES FOOD DODGERS
yellow Dogs He Calls Men
Who Refuse to Obey
Regulations

Reading, Pa, June 12.-That the war
will last Ave years more was predicted
by State Food Administrator Heinz At
the State Master Bakers Association
convention here. Germany cannot BE-
starved out with Russia as her granary.
he said, Food1rule violators he described
as yellow dogs"
One of the greatest displeasures itfT
connection with my office is the neces-
sity of doing police duty Mr.. Helms
declared. when ] took this job I had
no intention of being a policeman. &;
do not like to go about with a big CLUB |
in my hands, except for one class Of
men. IL
IN almost every line of business. I;
nave learned, there are about SO PET
cent of the representatives who are!
honest, fair-minded men. The other n
per cent are the yellow dogs. Woe t0s
those yellow dogs. for the law certainly
will be forced to ~ fullest extent. We
must have obedience. and through thel
police and the various committees we
expect to have It.
The war can hardly be expected to-
close before the next five years. A peaco{
before that time would he a Germani
peace. and that is the only kind theyz
would consider, at least while 1ghtin65
on foreign soil. +
Foreign countries this year will havo1
large wheat crops. 1t is expected. mi
Germany the condition is peculiar. In;
Ukraine they have made arrangementot
for the planting of a crop that will Yield
10000 900 bushels of wheat, and that
will keep the Germans going very nicely.
Then they will trade with Norway ard:
Sweden and Denmark for the fats, and;
even poor Switzerland may be gone over.
So Germany will have wheat and fats.
"One thing is certain. Germany viii
not be starved out. We have got to win
some other way. q
The United States will need los, 000.-
600 bushels of grain. The Allies need
another 100, 600, 900, SO our trouble be-
comes a double one. Fighting for cons
servation in the face of what seems -
be plenty is a hard task"
State President Joel A. Arnold. o.
this city. opened the convention. City.
Solicitor Wellington M. Bertolet delivf
cred the address of welcome. GeorSI(
w. Fisher. of Huntingdon. responded.
Fred C.. Halter. of Pittsburgh, Stats.
bakery administrator: Charles T. Davian,'
local food administrator, and Joseph ~.
Bell. of Washington. secretary of the
National Bakers Association, were 81
the program. HI
The report of Treasurer W. A. KIM
of Wilkes-Barre. showed the associatioo
has a balance of s2602.S4. There Wa
no report from Secretary L. A. Kley, a
Phoenixville. d
Women visitors were taken on ~
auto trip. ending with a dinner.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
CLUB HAS TOO MANY
BASSOS AND TENORS
Choral Organization at Ches.
ter Shipyard Short on Bari
tones-Other Items

The Chester Shipyard Choral Club
has a few bassos to spare. Also a first
tenor or two. OF thirty members
twelve sing bass. ten have qualified
as first tenor and only four for second
tenor.
The club has only two baritones to
balance the whole chorus. The bassos
are Messrs. Fields. Anthing, McIntry.
kedy, Daley. A. Davis. NJ. Jones, Crow
Their. Burton, Fred Jones and Richard
Jones. First tenors. Messers Wall,
Snyder. Nader. Cupper, Ehrlich, Dodge,
Jenkins. Kennedy. s. Witch and Rob
erts. Second tenors, Messrs. Mccain,
Lykes, Williams and Wilson. B%aritones,
Messrs. II. Fraase and II. +. Mackey.
Under the direction of d. A.. Coe. Earl
Plummer and C. F. Sanford the vocal
lists practice almost every day at noon
In the yard with the hope of becoming
a real factor in the social life of the
~shipworkers.
Mr.. Sanford. head of the social and
athletic activities. who was recently i'm
ported from st. Louis for the purpose,
comes to Philadelphia frequently to add
to the clubs musical collection. Re-
hearsals are to be held at night at some
convenient place. Later on women Will
good voices at the plant will be added
to the chorus. and with this as n nucleus
the promoters are confident of being able
to give shipworkers good representation
in local musical art. This is another
branch Of the service department activi-
ties directed by Henry Calster.
The Chester Shipyard T~rapshooting
Club reports thirty-three members en-
lila 81 AL ttu.n
weeks ago. Charles Slant is president,
II. Webb Chamberlain, vice president ;
w. T. Hawk. secretary: ]. T. Britwell,
treasurer. and L. F. Medera field cap
tain. The club has yet to develop its
shooting ground, but when that neces-
sary detail is arranged the members
will lose no time in settling A hot dis
pute as to who stands the best chance
of winning the cup offered by the COM
pany.
The Chester %Shipyard's baseball team
has been somewhat crippled by the loss
of Vernon Ayou. second baseman, who
has reported at Camp Meade for train
ing. Still the Chester team is leading
the Shipworkers' League with a record
of five straight victories.
Bill Wilde. who took Ayou's place al
the second sack, says he Is done witt
smoking. Caught and leCtured by his
manager for. smoking on the bench
during the game at Cornwells two weeks
ago. he now realizes that as an inlet
he should give up the nabit entirely.
Umpire Adams is in bad with two
! members of the Chester team, but as he
Is known to be ION the square the boys
anticipate no serious trouble. James
Eschen. left fielder. is still cross about
that decision of Adams's at the nom
plate last Saturday. which robbed hin
of a tally in a bold attempt to stea! VI
from third. John Lyrrn. Chesters coacf
on the frst-base line. makes the kicF
thai Adams is always trying to chase
him from the field, but several would-bt
mediators think Jump" is only kidding
Lynch.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
TWO GERMAN AIR FLEETS FIGHT
EACH OTHER: BRITISH AID MlX-UP
Enemy S~quadrons Engage in Battle Royal Until Forced t
Stop From Exhaustion-English Attack
Both Groups

of thrilling incidents happening in the
air these days.
Take, for instance. the case of a
British patrol of about eight battle.
planes which fought and vanquished
some forty enemy craft a few days
ago. This British patrol, under com.
mand Of a captain. vas escorting a
bombing squadron when twoscore
enemy machines were encountered.
The British fighters and the enemy
Immediately raced in for the attack.
Within a few seconds a fierce fight
was in progress and the great feet of
nearly half a hundred airships were
swirling and diving madly against one
another, while their machine guns
Joined in the vicious chorus that swept
down to the troops on the ground like
the noise from scores of steam trip
hammers.
The British outmaneuvered and out
fought the enemy, nj many of the
Germans were sent spinning away,
Whether they were merely frightened
or were out of control it was impossi-
BILE to say. but at the conclusion of
the fight four German machines lay
in crumpled masses on the earth and
another had zone down in flames.
Almost daily one hears of ex-
%periences in which airmen have fought
a magnificent battle against heart
breaking odds. Such was the ease OF
a pilot and observer, who while flying
in a battleplane were cut off from
their patrol and attacked by -four
enemy machines.
The British pilot fired 200 rounds
into one of the hostile planes, which
vas seen to crash. His observer also
got ii a good burst of fire at another
German at close range with a similar
result. That left two of the enemy
and they were Joined by a third scout
Ing machine, which began firing at the
British plane from above. The OBJ.
server was shot and killed.
The pilot spun his, machine down 10
a height of 1000 feet. with the scout
still on his tail. At that height the
British aviator turned and attacked
the German so iercely that the latter
was driven on. The British pilot then
~succeeded In getting his machine a
HI oeDp uneo utth NJ 49, Mcnrndn
c1DoG ~ The 49,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
u. S. Selling Agency Needed

It seems highly desirable that some
form of American selling agency should
be established in Asuncion to take care
Of American trade in Paraguay. What
Is the best means of organizing such an
agency this consulate is not competent
to say. 1t is suggested, however, that
several important manufacturers or ex-
porters who are interested in the trade
of Paraguay contract jointly, say for a
period of one year., with some expert
enced American business man VINO un-
derstands Spanish, TO establish an eN-
elusive agency in Asuncion:
The contract could provide for a nxed
minimum compensation. which should be
a sum sufficient for a good business man
period expires for which the minim
salary Is guaranteed, the agent should
then be allowed to accept the representa-
ton of other American concerns. Inc
combined commissions ought TO sufnce
for his own compensation and to defray
the expense of rental and additional heip
to meet the demands OF the growlng
business. The agent should carry full
lines of samples and be authorized to
close all contracts as to both sales and
collections Such additional members
of his staff as the eXpension OF the bust
of his staff as the expansion OF the busi-
cept st~enographers, who would have TO
know English. 4.
The total export and import trade Of
Paraguay averages about 100000 600
gold in actual valuation, practically all
of which Is handled through Asuncion.
In 1918 only 8 per cent of the total i'm
ports which entered Paraguay were
American goods. while In 1915. after the
big German trade had disappeared. only
i2L per cent were American goods. The
percentages of exports to the United
States were even smaller. Through the
development of the cattle and ouebracho
Industries by the four big American cor
porations that have been established in
Paraguay during the past few months
both the export n import trade of the
country should materially increase I;
which should further make II worth
while to have 9 strong American agency
in Asuncion 10 lake care % the markef-
l..s e x:sss's.e7s :
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
TODAY'S BUSINESS EPIGRAM
Is your pal the kind Of felloW you
rant to meet Jour sister,
What does this mean to YOU:
TODAY'S BUSINESS EPIGRAM
Business Questions Answered

Can you tell me what is the commorest
States? Also: which State produces the most
Yellow pine. There is more than
twice as much yellow pine as n other
wood. The State of Washington pro-
for US. We have been thinking for some
time OF having a contest among them to
months they have been slumpine.
Do you think It is possible to successfully
run a contest with so few men? II so. what
or some inexpensive trophy
sALEsMANAGER.
You can run a prize contest with, one
man successfully II you handle it right,
In running prize contests one must
be careful that the contest Is so planned
that the prize does not automatically
20 to the one best man. Great care must
be taken to see that each man. accord
Ing to his abilities and the possibility
OF his territory, receives an qua
chance to win.
You must plan to keep your statesmen
stimulated from the beginning to the
end OF the contest. II you merely an
nounce the contest and let 1t go at that,
1t will fizzle out badly.
Why not get the women folk of your
statesmen to help you in getting more
business from your men?
Suppose you offer a prize of half a
dozen pairs of silk stockings to go to
the wife or sweetheart or sister OF the
salesman getting best results.
Trust the women folk to keep them
plugging.
Remember, however, that the success
of 1t will depend upon the careful PLAN
ming of the contest.
The salesmanager Is the cheering
crowd, urging them on. as it were.
CONTINUED Tomorrow.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
Brigands-First "Chauffeurs"

Here is justification for a bit of our
American slang. 1t seems that the word
chauffeur means '~scorcher." Over a
century ago some particularly brigandish
brigands lived on the borderland be-
tween France and Germany. To force
ransoms from their captives these
desperadoes grilled the soles of their
countryfolk referred to the band as
scorchers or. in French. chauffeurs. Not
so many years back. when these same
imaginative French We're In need of a
they hit upon the word chauffeur. Just
how much ''scorChing" of a more modern
kind these up-to-date brigands of the
road INDUCED in Is best divulged by
police records of fines for speeding
Popular Science Monthly.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
ship CLERKS AWAIT SHIFT
Transfer to Construction Work
Expected by Draft Eligibles

About 200 young men Of draft 49,
working in the New York S~hipbutldtn2
Corporations South Camden offices are
expecting to be transferred to construors
ton work in the yard. The Governmeu3
has ordered that all office men who's
places can be filled by women be shifte@]
TO the yards. where their services arr
needed. Many of those affected Az
the order seriously. as they have nev<[3
done any but clerical work. But Nf{
the Yards all of them will draw NOR
pay. Already girls are gradually tau
ing mems places in the offices here au4'
there.
Walter HUFF and Elmer Lacey. OF u
library department, say they are eQ}[
having the fish at home that they
last week. James Mullin accompanl4
them On the trip.
The accounting department has m44941
into its new quarters on the second 444
of the main office building, where
inner men were formerly located. X/4
William Howarth, one Cf h
force, who played on the ola Gloucq
baseball team, Is talking OF trytnX
stage a comeback on the New H.
yards nine.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12

with three keels laid during his
week. it is possible that a new record
will be made at Hog Island by Satur-
day. BY that time 1t is expected the
twenty-eighth way will be in readiness
for its keel. During no week so far
have more than three keels been laid
at the big %shipyard.
Although shipments of steel are still
inadequate the tonnage received each
week is becoming more satisfactory.
About . 10000 tons more each month is
needed to keep Hog Island working to
capacity. Contracts just closed by Rear
Admiral Bowles, assistant general man
ager of the Emergency Fleet Corpora
ton. will send one-half of this amount
to the big shipyard every month.
To make up the additional 10000 tons
needed. Admiral Bowles is negotiating
with two of the largest plants in the
country to cause them to turn their
works over intact to the Emergency
Flee Corporation for fabriCating steel.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
Hard Sailed Salmon Prices

While the trad continues to quote
hard sailed salmon here at the levels
of a few weeks ago, the lack of activity
has placed the market in a nominal
condition. There is little selling either
tn a local way or in the domestic trade.
New pack fish are reported to be Of
fering from the Pacific Northwest at
high prices. the first of these offerings
made known here being on pinks, for
which $3.50 coast was the asking price.
Other offerings have probably been made
but the trade here has not let the fact
tons continue at S26mS 2S for Alaska
reds S23mS25 for medium reds, and
1921 s23 for pinks. Halifax salmon is
scarce and high. the quotations of $500
s33 for ~tierces and $23 for barrels re-
naming unchanged since last reports,
but these being maintained with a
strong Misunderstanding Gazette.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
With the British Army in France,

WIN the DTitish Hihhs
June ~.
Two flights of German fighting air
planes engaged each other by mistake
and. in a battle royal in Wnlch the
british helped, destroyed or damaseu
So MANY of their own fiers That the
battle ended from exhaustion. Inc en-
gagement was fought on June D;
Two British officers in a nghtins
machine were leading a patrol alohs
the lines when they>sighted a German
uaIherstadt two-seater, which, upon
their appearance, fired a green sigma
light. The British leaders expected a
tran and waited to see what mis- un-
usual performance meant
Tn a short time six German scouts
oama wheeling out of the blue ana
ioined the Halberstadt. Almost at
orce six other enemy scouts diVed out
Of the sun on to their comrades, whom
they apparently mistook for a British
natroI about to attack the ffa'per-
stadt. .h,s. rh
what had happened was this: Inc
Halberstadt had been acting as a de-
GOV. and the green light a peer
meant as a signal for assistance. But
,here had been no expectation that two
s;ebts Of German planes would re-
spond at the same time: A.
Not being able to distinguish the
of their friends-and this
has happened M infreauently before
the newcomers immediateiy r pesa ant a
ish d then guided their patrol
into this mad melee and took a hand.
The Haiberstadt was the first vic
tim and this was shot down by the
Rritish commanding machine, Another
5,,tish hehter in the meantime had
anconnted for two more enemy scouts
s,hich were sent swirling to destruc-
ton below. ...
All this time the Ger man. a' hsta1s
anaong themselves and several of then
we've seen to go down out of control
nas,re the engagement finally ended
The British leaders, by their good
iuSsment. had led the Huns into their
3sHsub<,dly Va s.lese =
<<S{d [k,1f 9khsr0 nQQ
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12

-
7 HAD a letter from sister Lucy this
L morning. This is 1t:
Dear old Peter:-Do be a good boy
and write a nice letter to dad. He is
just getting about again. but Is still
very sick, and the doctor says he will
never be able to do as much as he used
to. Dad worries an awful lot about
you, Pete. He wonders what kind OF
company you are getting into and If
you are doing right, and more than all
he wonder why you don't write to him.
You know. Peter, dads funny, but he's
always tried to do his best for you and
Ella and myself. He think you are
ungrateful for what he has done for
you. | know you and dad never hit it
off very well. but write him for mothers
sake.
Mother has been getting very gray the
last few weeks and I really think it's
because she is worrying over you and
dad.
You and dad are both pretty pig
headed, but he's older than you are, you
know. Pete; so put your pride in your
pocket AMI just write to him.
Ella and I want to see our big brother
again. When is he going to he real nice
and spend a few days at home?
What's the matter with you, Pete?
From the very few letters you write
home you don't seem at all like that
~good-natured happy-go-lucky Peter who
used to tease us and pull our hair and
max us suffer all kinds Of ~indignities,
which, somehow, we rather liked.
What do you think Mrs. Kruger (our
Nntl ltdp Che ynf ipt1 rII Ma, II1Io-
mss summer house and broke several Of
his geraniums.
l kiss my big brother on his cheek.
LII.
I read that letter through three times.
How good 1t seemed to hear from Lucy
again! Somehow I seemed to be get
ting out of touch with home life lately.
/ bet old Hodgins did feel bad Mrs.
Kruger was always breaking some Of
his plants and he and dad get so mad
and gap at each other over the fence.
Somehow it has one me good to hear
about Mrs. Kruger.
Graham was sitting next to me at ta-
BILE this morning when I was reading the
letter, and. noticing the expression on
my face, said, I'm glad you got that
letter"
80 am I. It's from my sister Lucy.
Why don't o read it?" He took the
letter WITHOUT Il WOTu ana read IL
through.
What kind of n cat is Mrs. Kruger"
he asked. as he gave me back the let
ter.
She's the homliest cat in creation.
She has no tail. Her whiskers have
been singed. I did it one time-after
seeing father have his hair singed at
the BARRIERS. She must be about twenty
years old. 1 always remember Mrs.
Kruger"
81 like the way your sister writes.
commented Graham.
"Lu is a brick. and she's such a fine
set-up girl. too"
"A letter like that does you good
You bet 1t does. Gee! l bet old
Hodgins is mad. She Is always getting
his goat"
"Who?" asked Graham. your sister,
mo, Mrs. Kruger. She's as thin as a
lath. l suppose she has had about 400
children"
"Td like to meet her some day." said
Graham.
Who? Mrs. Kruger"
Eyes, Mrs. Kruger and your sister -
replied Graham.
Say. Graham, If I get a weekend off
will you come home with me?"
II h be glad to-" hesaideagerly.
I'll write to dad right away"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-12
WE'D l3 TINES. DIES AT o5

Chicago, June 1.-THE story of a
modern rival to Solomon has come to
light in the death of Uncle John"
Dempsy of Marion. Ill. just three days
before his Tooth birthday. The Solo
mon phase of this mans existence is
that he was married exactly thirteen
q
Seven years ago Uncle John Demp-
sey rather startled Marion by buying
his coffin and preparing his final resting
place in a cemetery. Not dying as he
expected. after waiting two years. he
married his thirteenth wife and lived
five years more.