davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
PROTECTION OF
 SOUTH NEGROES BY THE OFFICERS

DALLAS, Tex. Aug. 7.-Exploi- tation of the southern negro who has reached a new stage of pros perity as result of record cotton prices and high wages of the past few years, has gained such propor- tions that federal and state authori- ties are preparing for a drive on persons who swindle the negro out of government war securities.
 Interruptions salesmen have food ed the South, telling the negro that his liberty bonds, war savings and thrift stamps are of less than face value and ocering to take them in exchange for oil or mine stock or dazzling bits of jewelry.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
Well Informed Circles h. Sist That Attack Is to Be Made Against the
 British.
ALSO A NAVAL BLOW
Germans Must Do Some thing to Restore Growing Depression of the Peo-
 pIe at Home.

PARIS, Aug. 7. - We'll informed circles insist that the Germans in order to stimulate their depressed morale at home, intend to strike blow at the British front in conjunc- tion with a naval blow against the British fleet at the same time.
 1t is reported that Admiral Scheer expressed the wish that the German fleet make the attack.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
AUTO CARS FOR
 PASSENGERS BE
 WORTH MONEY

DETROIT, Aug. 7.-The voluntary reduction of 50 per cent. of the pro- duction of passenger automobiles, as compared with last years output, was voted by the National Automo- bile Chamber of Commerce.
 The, curtailment, it was stated, was in conformity with the wish of the War Industries Board
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
IT IS BELIEVED JAP OFFICER
 KILLED SELF

PACIFIC PORT, Aug. 7.-Captain Yamaoto. of the Canadian Maru, the Japanese vessel recently pulled from the rocks, was lost overheard.
 It is believed that the wreck made him Respondent and that he com mitted suicide.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
TELEPHONE : SYSTEMS BE CONSOLIDATED

WASHINGTON, Aug. 7.-Postmas- ter General Burleson announced to- day that the Government would CO., ordinate and consolidate competing telephone and telegraph lines, where ever possible.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
PRESENTATION
 OF HIGH H0N0RS
 MADE BY PRESIDENT

WITH THE AMERICANS, Aug. [. Poincaire personally pre- sented Gen. Pershing with the Grand Cros of the Legion of Hon. or the highest and most distinguish
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
British Regain Ground

LONDON, Aug. 7-Southwest of Morlancourt the British regained ground which the Germans took yes terday north of Somme, says Brit. ish official bulletin posted this morning.
 The British line astride of the Ciar- ence river was advanced, A
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
BREAD RIOTS IN SPAIN.

GUADALAJARA. Spain. Aug. 7.- Outbreaks on account of the high cost of living and poor bread have occurred. Shots were exchanged with the police.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
HOLLAND IS ALL0WED>TO
 USE ITS SHIPS
An Agreement Is Reported to Have Been Reached by Holland and the
 German Empire.

AMSTERDAM. Aug. 7.-The Ger man and Holland agreement of ship ping Is reported to have been con cluded.
 Germany is to grant safe conduct for Dutch ships to Scandinavia.
 Forty vessels at Rotterdam have been allowed to depart
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
ATTACK IS MADE ON BRITISH BY
 GERMAN FORCES

LONDON, Aug 7.-The Germans took advanced line trenches on a small portion of the British front along the Brake and Corbie road. North of Somme according to an of ficial bulletin last evening. . Fighting in this area continues.
 The British captured few pris oners.
 Report From Berlin
 BERLIN, Aug. -Wuerttemberg troops stormed British positions on the north of the Somme river and captured 100 prisoners, according to an official war bulletin posted last evening.
 It says reconnoitering in the Ancre and Avre regions is lively.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07

WASHINGTON, Aug. 7.-Secre- tary Daniels tomorrow will discuss the advisability of drafting men of go in the navy.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
GUN STILL AT WORK.

PARIS, Aug. T.-The Germans re- today with their long-range guns
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
New York Suffers

NEW YORK, Aug. 7.-There were several deaths here and scores of prostrations from the heat. Great crowds of people flockcd to the parks and remained there all night. Many people who can get away are fleeing to the mountains and beach resorts.
 Aid is being rendered to the poor people where the suffering is the most intense.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
vLAD|vOSTOK
 IS NOW INVESTED
 BY THE BRITISH

SHANGHAI. Aug. 7.-British troops landed at Yladivostok Saturday, and receiSed a friendly reception from the population.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
Excessive Warm Weather Is Reported from Many of the Eastern
 Sections.
CROWDS SLEEP OUTSIDE
The Heat Is Reported in Chicago to Be the Worst in History of
 the City.

WASHINGTON, Aug "A heat wave over the country is piling up the toll of death
 The temperature yesterday was lO6 here, with much suffering and number of prostrations.
 Similar conditions were reported from Baltimore, Detroit and other cities, the night having afforded lit tie relief.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
GERMAN DIVER
 LOOMS UP HALF
 MILE FROM SHORE
Sinks Lightship and Large Japanese Freighetr Is Also Sunk by a Ger
 man Diver.

WASHINGTON, Aug. "A German submarine sunk the Diamond Shoals lightship off Cape Hatteras. accord ing to an official announcement made this morning.
 The members of the crew landed safely.
 The submarine appeared within half a mile of the shore.
 Survivors Arrive
 CANADIAN PORT, Aug. '. = A schooner arrived here today with 65 members Of the crew of Japanese freighter, torpedoed by a German submarine off the Nova Scotia coast.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
oeatha In Chicago

CHICAGO, Aug. 7.-Seven deaths yesterday and scores of prostrations were the result of the worst August heat wave ever experienced in the history of the city, according to or ficial records.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07

Old papers for sale at The Empire office, Second and Main streets.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07

WITH THE AMERICANS. Aug. 7. machine uunners demon strated their accurate and deadly aim by wipina out an entire German bat talion, which was preparing to at- tack American bridge builders on tho vestIe river, west of Fishes, the im' portant German military base captur' ed by the American forces.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
GERMANS DIGGING IN

~ WASHINGTON. Aug. '. - Gen. March, Chief of Staff for Gen. Per shino, in his statemert today said it is believed the Germans are put ting heavy artillery in place and dig uina themselves in between the Ves'e and Aisne rivers to defend their po' sitions as long as possible.
 He said the Allies will be obliged to wait for heavy guns before press ina their offensive.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
GERMANS USING BOYS

WITH THE FRENCH, Aug. 7.- The German Grown Prince is en0ae- ed in reeonstruetins his shattered Divisions, with the aid of the remain der of the 1919 recruits.
 In the opinion of Gen. Man0in, some of the German divisions in the recent fighting had their company strength reduced to less than 50 men, some Of the companies being still further depleted, while many units were destroyed in whole or captured by the Allies.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07

Phone 1t to The Empire, No. s74.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07
FRENCH ARE ADVANCING

PARIS, Aug. 7.-The French fore e continue to repuise the oerman attacks along the vesle river, be- tween Soissons and Braisne, accord ina to an official announcement made this morning.
 Over 100 prisoners were captured.
 The French repulsed a local Ger man attack in the Champagne re- oion, South of Auberive.
 The French gained In the mont- didier section.
 The French near vesle occupied the railway station of the City or Salsoone.
The Alaska daily empire., 1918-08-07

Phone it to The Empire, No. s74.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

severe. the general sentiment of the press
IS that things have not gone so we'll with
Mr.. Bakers department as might have
been wished for. A general view of some
of the opinions is here attempted.
To take the more unfriendly criticisms
frst-and it should be reemphasizcd that
the press is making practically no use Of
the situation for partisan advantage
one finds many editorial writer's nettled; by
the attitude Of the Secretary on the stand.
"Complacency," "cocksureness' AND SINH
lar expressions are frequent in editorial
condemnation. 1T will be found" says
THE New York Times" con reading ques-
ton and answer, that Mr.. Baker was al
ways cocksure and airily complacent, and
that he stood the ordeal of examination
poorly" Similarly 1.-THE Boston Tran
script adds: "Unhapmly the cocksureness
of the witness exceeded at some points his
accuracy, and his attempt to substitute
complacency for raightforwardness was
not successful" Mr.. Baker also quite BAT
fled the examiners with his quick wit ac-
cording to the view of C. w. Gilbert. writ
ing to The New York Tribune, which edi-
torially adds: "'The general impression he
gave was that of lawyer adroitness in
bolstering up dubious case"
Similar Impotence is expressed at Mr.
Bakers prepared statement showing What
this country has already done. at was
extremely bad taste for the Secretary ID
assume the attitude that wonders have
been achieved" says THE New York
Evening POST:
"rhis is not the time for a Cabinet officer
III the face Of the record to assume an atti-
tude either of selfsatisfaction or of defiance
There is still too much to he DONE still too
much to be proved. for Mr.. Baker 1ittingly
to display any other quality than that of hu-
mility in the face Of the gigantic military
task that still confronts the nation. The pity
of it is that the whole tone of Mr.. Bakers
testimony is complacent because so few
blunders have been made as to- make one
question whether he even realizes what is
staring him in the face"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
\ Plan Of Reorganization for
~ the War Department

"The New Republic" through the COM
munications Of Mr.. William Hard, seems
to have scored in it's demand for a whole
sale reorganization Of the War Depart
ment. For it was partly through reor-
ganization that Mr.. Baker kept ahead of
his critics, according to Mr.. c. w. Gil
bert, writing to The New York Tribune.
Mr.. Gilbert gives Mr.. Bakers plans Of
reorganization as follows:
'Thc War Department used to consist of
The Secretary and the various bureau chiefs
directly under him Under the new plan,
the Secretary explained it, diagrammat-
cally and by words, the War Department will
be divided according to functions into two
parts, with assistant for supplies at the
head of and assistant for troops at
the head of the other, the two assistants re-
porting to the Secretary. The assistant for
supplies, i'm whom centres those functions,
so far as they affect the War Department,
which the committee would give over to a
Secretary of Munitions, Will be Colonel, soon
Brgader Major General Pierce.
"IJnder him will be five bureau heads con-
trolling supplies the Chief Of Ordnance, the
Quartermaster General, the Surgeon General,
the Chief of Engineers and the Chief OF the
Signal Service. These bureaus will be sub
divided lines Of function. For example,
the ordnance bureau, instead of being d-
vided in boards of small arms, artillery and
the like, will be made up Of divisions Of pro
curemcnt, production, inspection and supply.
Civilians win be brought in at the head Of
the division where their services will be
available"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

cred wholly as an emergency war measure
and that it is only fair and equitable.
therefore, that the period of control be
fixed"
There is a fairly even division of opin-
ION among the press on this point "The
New York Evening Sun" believes such a
limitation should be set, seeing great
moderation in the conclusion reached by
railroad executives. off" argues "The
Baltimore Sum-" government ownership
Of railroads is to be adopted, it should be
adopted on its merits, and not merely as
the result of temporary war conditions ="
The paper continues
And, above all, it should be adopted only
after a full and free discussion of the sub
ject. from every point of view. TO take ad-
vantage Of The war TO put government own
crship over, without the most complete argu-
mont and consideration, would be in the
highest degree unwisc, as we'll as undemo-
cratic. 1t is not possible at this time to
have Il calm and full discussion of this
kind'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

ME DOGGY of permanent government
q ownership or control of railroads
extending after the war is starine.
the railroads in the face, and press reports
from Washington indicate a move on foot
to have the pending railway control bill
amended so as to provide, say, for return
CT the railroads to their owners at some
fixed time after the end of the waI--six
months or year The time is not i'm
portant. 1t is the detinjteucss of return
that is essential, in the view of "The New
York Evening SUM- urging such a move
That rall heads are FESTIVE under the
present terms Of the bin is indicated bv
their recent meeting in New York CITY.
when the matter of control ''for and dur
ing the period Of the war, and until Con-
gress shall hereafter order otherwise" re-
celVed careful consdera ton. In the end
the railway representatives agreed in
feeling that it was incumbent upon the
executives ito insist to Congress that
government control is and must be consid-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

of the fact. There Is certain unfairness
IN this, we are forced to recognize. What
ever measure of success We attain will be
due largely TO the efficient cooperation with
the government of our higher railway off
GERS, the very men who are most irreconcila-
Die IN their opposition to government own
ershlp. We are in effect calling upon them
TO help US defeat their own hopes Fortu-
nateiy their patriotism is equal to the test.
And 1t is not improbable that the railway
men themselves, after experiencing the
fecnnica advantages of a system that allows
frelght and passengers to move by the most
convenient route, without regard TO competi-
tive conslderations. will become averse 70
returning 70 the old order Their canacit1,
tor organization now for the first time
ind full expression. They would probably
leSl cramped if the unified railway system
We're again dissolved into its component
pfrts Many Of them hope TO attain the
ends of efficiency through railway unihca-
Non without government ownership. But
'ney must see, sooner or later, that the idea
OF consolidated railway system under pr
'ate control is utopian. A democratic state
could not tolerate the existence of an or
gained private interest OF such magnitude
as the whole American railway system"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

were we'll with the American army in
France was simultaneously published by
The New York Tribune in articles by two
OF its correspondent in France which
tend to. show that the War Department
has failed in it's work of supplying the
EXpeditionary Force. One of these, by
Caspar Whitney, created considerable in
tercst among Congressman and was called
to the attention of Secretary Baker, who
said he had not read it and would not
comment on it if he had. In effect Mr.
Whitney asserted that "America has
failed her fighting men in France" He
alleges shortages in food, clothing, arma-
ment and labor, and after five months of
residence abroad inadequate land trans
port system for the troops and seriously
muddled and inefficient sea transport,
whereas the Red Cross, with the same
sources and same transport means, has
plenty. He lays the blame for these
things on lack of vision, too much red
tape and lack of business men and bust.
ness methods in the Quartermaster's De-
partment.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

of Congress. has taken over the railroads to
operate during the war and thereafter until
Congress shall otherwise enact But this
does not appear to be definite enough to
suit the railroad executives, and in numbers
representative of nearly the whole mileage
Of the country they want to know just when
and IN what manner the roads are to be re-
turned to them.
ut would seem that time hangs too heav-
ly on the hands of the railroad presidents"
With its customary tone of moderation
The New York Evening Post" manages
to strike medium note, discrediting the
idea that the government measure is any
thing but war step framed for the dura
ton Of the crisis only but at the same
tirle doubling the necessity fox or the ex
rediency of naming a fixed date for the
return of the roads.
Equally liberal but tending to favor
government control ultimately is the view
OF The New Republic which writes:
"lf the experiment is successful. a, we
believe it will be- supporters OF national
ownership will undoubtedly make capital ONT
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

could not now fill the Office Of Serre,.
War to better advantage by summoninc " "
other man" Ais
That he is criticised because !. 3
against constituencies profiteeringp ..s
opposed to Towering the standards If a.
workingman," is the view Of "The H..
risburg Patriot" Moreover, Cono,.s.
should remember in criticising Mr.. RaLss
that Congress itself reelected mi]ifar,, -
fairs sadly for years before the war GU,
"The Washington STAR" which adds.
Congress after Congress was advised
the situation and of rs duty. Our VA "
chine was deficient It scarcely dess..s,
its name. Congress seemed DESTROYS ~ x
getting it; seemed possessed of an des .t".
it had become an anachronism; that III
would never be another war Of any ;n.a.s.s
to America. The contention seemed 81
that money spent advised Womb !
money wasted. Hence the appronr;,t;.s
made were miserably small and mo. onIs
very small portion of the actual reon;..
ments.
"War came and caught the government :,
most wholly unprepared."
can effort is to be found in the account -
Colonel A. NJ Murray, who visited ~
American troops in France for ''Tbe I'm
don Daily Press" Some Of his r,nro.
sions Of the Expeditionary Force follow.
There is no precedent in the world. II.
tory for such a gigantic military eFo-. -.
America is putting forth Tor tho eau,a
of civilization and freedom. Think VIII,
it means to transport army. nurnhcrin,
not thousands but hundreds Of thousand
nay, even millions of men, with their ~
tendant guns, horses, transport and imped.
menta, over 1000 miles of sea infested with
enemy submarines. We sent 25o000 men tn
South Africa during the Boer War, but va
had the sea all to ourselves and our com.
munications were secure The case is differ.
cnt with America. and no one recognizes thi,
more than General Pershing and The oncerx
whom he has collected round aim TO form
mis- general staff
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
It Is Contended the Troops
/ Were Incorrectly Trained

Mr.. Haywood Broun, another Tribune
correspondent, points out serious errors in
the training Of the troops in France Ac-
cording to Mr.. Broun, the Americans
should have trained with the British in
stead Of the FRENCH the locality picked
for training is in some of the coolest
country in France; the Americans are
overturned; the Americans are not MAX
ing good pupils; and there is much disor-
ganization among the officers stats and
serious lack of up-to-date knowledge
among the officers themselves
The outcome of all these revelations is
warned, but perhaps the demand most
voiced IS for separate Ministry of Mu-
nltlons, with war cabinet, a call for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

Philadelphia Inquirer" is equally anxious
for munitions department. "The Phila-
dephia Public Ledger" inclined the same
way, makes its point more adroitly than
the others, remarking:
"Secrctary Bakers sense OF humor must
be deficient or he would never have given
i as reason for opposing the creation Of
Secretary Of Munitions that the Job was
too bic for man. For under the existing
arrangements, and even under the plan of
reorganization which he outlined to the Sen
ate Investigating committee Saturday.
Mr. Baker and will remain the one man
in whose hands is placed the final RESPONSE
bllty for the discharge Of the greater part
OF the functions which would be conided to
a Secretary Of Munitions. Not only is this
the case, but the Secretary of War is charged
with the raising and training of the armies
that are being sent to Europe, the provision
and transportation of supplies and the other
manifold duties of the War Department. Why
he should imagine that the labor that would
be imposed upon a Secretary Of Munitions
would be greater than that under which he
is now struggling is one of those things
which members of Congress will want to
find OUT
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20
DaI1er Makes Mistakes, But
- Shows the Best Of Crit

1t must not be understood from the
above citations that the press is wholly
condemnatory of Mr.. Baker. On the
other hand, there is no lack of defenders
The Secretary's willingness to admit a
mistake and then correct it impresses
"Thc Springfield Republicans
Mr.. Baker is not superman-1ar from
It, He admits having made mistakes. But
when he mistake he corrects it, if pos
sible. He shows the best of grit. During
the rapid oss-eXamination,' yesterday, says
The Associated Press, the Secretary was APP
paientiy serene, putting cigar and answer
ing all questions calmly A small man in
physique he has abundant nerve and courage.
Others IN his place during the last year
might not have made his blunders but thew
would have made other blunders equally if
not more disastrous. There is at present no
other civilian in the United States with his
accumulated experience and proved fitness
for the work in hand and the President
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-20

ME- press of the country still faith
full to its determination not to take
partisan advantage of the Congress
sional Investigations into the progress of
the war, indicates considerable FESTIVE
ness this week following Secretary Bakers
appearance on the stand Other investiga
tons were not lacking one into the navy,
which resulted favorably for Secretary
Daniels; another into the coal situation
one into shipping and another into tn
War Trade Board.
But the point Of highest interest in the
whole situation was Secretary Baker, who,
following General Crozier, took the stane!
before the Senate Military Affairs Com
the War Department in preparing for
war, explained the recent reorganization,
and vigorously opposed separate Min
i istry of Munitions, a stand in which Mr.
Baker was supported by the President.
Nevertheless, increasing demands for a
Ministry Of Munitions made themselves
felt following the investigation. Daniel
Willard and Bernard Baruch, Of the War
Industries Board, both seem to favor such
plan. The former finally resigned stat
ing that the B. & O. needed all of his at
tention. At the same time the Senate
Military Affairs Committee began plan
ming bill of some sort for a Ministry of
Munitions, in which it was backed by the
United States Chamber Of Commerce,
which went much further, recommending
a war cabinet such as obtains in England