The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-07-27
ACTIVITIES OF THE UNITED
 STATES AND ALLIES HAVE HELD WORLD bREATHLESS

were holding ther lines along the Isonzo. The rejuvenated Russian regiment of July First" had carried the war far into the Austrian defenses in Bukowina and Galicia.
 Through August and September, 1917, there came rumors that Russia was exhausted by the war, and quiet settled down along the lines from the gates of the Carpathians to the Bal tic. Stories were heard of fraterniza- tion of German and Russan troops but assurances came from Petrograd that Russia would stand true to her allies.
 Fall Offensive in Italy.
 The German and Austrian High Commands had no illusions as to further Russian belligerency. There came to the Allies reports that the Central Empires were taking the pick of their force from the Russian front and concentrating them for a drive against some part of the line in the western theatre. Then came intima- tions that the blow was aimed against Italy.
 The storm broke at Caporetto on Oct. 26 and almost immediately the whole Italian line was thrown into disorder. Pouring through the passes where in some instances disaffected Italian troops held positions, the Ger mans and Austrians made progress which from the first was alarming. By wise generalship, the Italian line was withdrawn from the Isonzo. It paus- ed at the Tagliamento and then re- tired further until it rested on the Piave, almost within sight of the domes Of Venice. Here the Italian army reformed it's columns consoli- dated it's positions by withdrawing from the Rhaetian mountains to the Asiago plateau and, assisted by the French endorsements brought to that battlefront, stood at bay.
 Russian Collapse. Events in the meanwhile had been moving swiftly in Russia. On Novem- Der 1, while the offensive against Italy was under way, Alexander F. Keren- sky, then the Russian premier; an
 
 the war and that the Allies must shoulder the burden thenceforward. Seven days later Kerensky was de- posed by the Bolsheviki. The fall and flight of Kerensky was the signal for Germany and Austria to enter into peace negotiations with Russia. On November 30 the Bolsheviki an- nounced that Russai was out of the war and proposed that all the Allies join in the negotiations for an armis- | tice.
 Russian and German representa- 1 tives met at Brest Litovsk on Decem- Der P, and terms of peace were ex- changed. No progress was made with the negotiations and the conference was broken up on January II. In I the meantime, a new republic had sprung from the side of Russia. It was Ukraine, a territory extending along the Rumanian and Galician frontier from the Black Sea north ward to Cholm, in ancient Poland. With this republic, the Ctnarl Elm pires made peace late in January. The failure of the Bolshevik au- ] thorities to reach any agreement with the Germans resulted in the renewal of hostilities on February IS, and the German armies moved forward once more.
 Brest- -Litovsk Treaty. This brought about a renewal of the peace negotiations, and at Brest- Litovsk the Bolsheviki were given to understand that Germany would re- cognize the kingdom of Poland, the republic of Ukraine, the independence of Finland, and the separate govern mental status of Lithuania, Esthonia Turkey, as an ally of the Centra east of the Black Sea, including the regions of Baum, Kars and Erivan.
 With the announcement of the fina
 signing of the treaty between the Bol. sheviki and Germany, the Allies gave up hope that Russia would remain 1T the conflict, and at once they begar
 to strength their lines against the
 coming of the great German often sive by which Berlin and Vienna hoped to force the Entente nations tC
 make peace.
 Rumania Capitulates.
 With the greater part of her terri
 tory occupied by the Germans, Aus
 trians and Bulgarians, with her gov
 ernment driven from Bucharest tt
 Jassy and with the Russian Bolshevi
 Xxi openly hostile toward her, Rumanis
 found herself in a critical situation !; Rumanian troops during Februar.
 and March advanced into Bessarabia
 a part of the new Republic of Ukraine
 but they were hemmed in by the en
 emy forces and obliged to withdraw
 At last, on May 6, Rumania signeC treaty of peace with the Centra 7 Powers.
 By this treaty Rumania lost tn ; province of Dobrudia, on the soutl