davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17

OF essential goods and the low, J,
scale OF individual consumut;os ~
even to the point of self-den;s,' :.
greater the placing of all sur, ~
funds at the disposal of the eos ,p'us
ment, the less will be the amount ~ :,
imitation necessary, the sounds sl 10, :,
be the banking and the industr; !
condition of the country, and, -, :
but not in every sense least an -
cheaper will be the cost of }v;, ~
the Individual. lug y
Patriotism Plus
Common Sense
1t is not only a matter Of !,
triotism, it is not only matte, = !,
securing a good return on the ,,t...
security in the world, that snonss
induce people to subscribe to IIr;..s
States government war bonds +
is matter of vital self.;rt.....
wherein everybody can do snlend;,
teamwork to help himself as wall :.
his neighbor to keep down thu ~,
of living, or at least to keep It firm,
going to dizzy and painfully burden
some heights.
Every man should take th.,.
things to heart. He should p,ens,,
Immediately to subscribe to thu r.x.
issue of government bonds To n.
limit of his present savings. ana !,
addition to the limit of the fund,
which he can save by consuming
less. 1t will be much better as >
practical matter 70 go the limit IL
win the war now, while we have tho
help of the Allies, than to hay. r.
defeat Germany alone. For, if ne.
essary, we are going to do Just that,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17

government made not from savings
but from borrowings will tend to in
crease bank credit. Further extern
sion of bank credit will chiefly bring
about rise in commodity prices"
The normal annual savings fund
of the people of the United States
available for the purchase of govern
ment bonds is estimated variously.
The figures accepted as most nearly
accurate indicate that our gross an
nual income in 1917 totalled about
$4,000, 100000. Out Of this total it
is estimated that our savings ranged
from six to ten billion dollars. In
view of the economic adjustments
under way and the curtailment of
profits in many industries, it would
be surprising if the figures of gross
annual income or Of savings in 1913
should equal those of 1917. Certain
ly it does not seem to be safe to
count on normal savings this year
of more than six billion dollars. Es-
pecially does this seem to be true
considering the utterly inadequate
scale on which individual economy
presently is practised. The only
way in which total savings can be
increased lies in the direction of I'M
usual efforts to reduce consumption.
For the sake of our national finan-
cial health, it is out of the surplus
of production over consumption that
government loans ought to be
paid for.
War Taxes
insufficient
The plain unvarnished fact is that
annual war taxes of, say, $780,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17

buy goods and to employ labor as
they have been accustomed to do in
the past. The government and the
individual consumer struggle with
each other to obtain the same goods
or different goods made by the same
labor. The volume of goods being
strictly limited by the amount of
labor available, when neither pur-
chaser gives way to the other,
neither obtains all of the goods he
needs or wants.
The result is twofold: The gov
eminent pays more for the goods
and services it needs, and thereby
the winning of the war is deferred or
endangered, and the individual con-
sumer pays more for the commodi-
ties required to satisfy his wants,
and his own self-interest is injured.
Folly Of
Self-Delusion
1t would seem that the mere state.
ment of the facts in this way would
be sufficient to make the American
public see that it is "fool PROPOSE
ton" to continue to delude itself.
That there should be an authorita-
tive statement on this subject, the
Treasury Department has recently
made public a report of special
committee of the American Eco
nomic Association, in which occurs
the following paragraph: "While
the war lasts the commodity price
level will inevitably mount by leaps
and bounds unless we adopt rigorous
preventive measures. In particular
we must avoid, so far as possible,
lending by borrowing. Loans to the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17

100000 plus normal annual savings,
of, say, $6,000,OOO,000, or total of,
say, $8,500,000,000, promise to be
wofully insufficient to take care of
the fifteen to twenty-billiondollar
war expenditure requirements of the
government for the calendar year
1918. Another plain unvarnished
fact is that to the extent that thes.
two sources of revenue shall not
prove sufficient all of the preaching
of economists will not prevent the
imitation and its attendant economic
evils which have proved to be more
or less inseparable from the conduct
of all wars. The conclusion is inesca-
pable that the amount of credit ex-
pansion will depend invcrsely upon
the excess Of production over private
consumption, or real savings, and
the extent to which these savings
shall be turned over to the Federal
government.
Banking
And Industry
Here is matter of vital signifi-
canoe to every man, woman and
child in this country. The man who
is able to lend his savings to the
government in one form or another
and does not do so is not only un-
patriotic, but he is helping to raise
the cost of his own food and rent.
The man who can save more than he
does and who fails to turn the addi-
tional saving over to the govern
ment likewise contributes to the
postponement of victory and to his
own discomfort in the rising cost of
living. The greater the production
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17

cial depression, and consols since the
Boer War have continued to go down
gradually, attributed partly to the de
probation of the purchasing power Of
money in the last ten years and the
absorption of capital in industrial and
foreign loans. In 1914, however.
slight upward tendency appeared, but
it was arrested by the outbreak of the
present war. In 1918 the high for con-
soils was 1915, the low 71}s; in 1914
the high had gone up to SO& in the
peaceful part of the year, but a low
point of 68 was registered that year
on account of the war. In 1915 the
highest point was only 1872 and the
low was down to Sd, and in 1916 the
high was 62A and the low only so.
In 1917 the high was 562s, the low 81.
The history of French government
bonds, or rentes, records similar war
reactions. AS in England. the French
government debt is mainly in the form
of perpetual funded debt. In 1890
French rentcs were above par, going
in that year to 102. The July Revolu-
ton Of 1881 caused sharp decline to
"a. But this was only comparatively
temporary, for by 1916 the per cent
rentes were selling at 1926, the Is
at 110.5 and the IS at S64.
The Revolution Of 1s4S caused the IS
to drop to so, and the 3s to 321s
After that there came a steady upward
tendency until 1867, vixen the IS
reached 1910. Then came the dis
astrous Franco-Prussian War, 1901.
The IS dropped to 5O.35 as result of
tins war. In the period subsequent to
this, although France had been de-
teated, losing Alsace Lorraine and hay
ing to pay 100000 900 indemnity
to Germany, and although there were
two funding operations reducing the
interest rate. nevertheless the price of
FRANCES bonds continued to rise until
1897, when they reached their maxi
mum of 105.25. The present war, as
was to be expected, has again sent them
punglng downward. In 1914 the high
was 80, the low 1865. In 1915 the high
was only 69.5, the low 565. and in 1916
the high was So, the low 525. In 1917
the range was 55.5 to 1925.
Prussian bonds also reflected and
registered the existence of the Franco
Prusslan War. In 1869 the bonds of
the Prussian state debt were quoted at
el@s; in 1870 they went down to 1917.
But Prussia's bonds showed rapid re.
covery in keeping with the rapidity of
her military success, rising in 1871 to
1914 and in 1872 to 90Aa. And having
won Alsace-Lorraine and s1,O72 ,237. S73
IN indemnities in the war, Germany
was enabled to wipe out her debt. with
half billion dollars to spare, so that
the disturbing effect of war on her
bonds was minimized. They have felt.
however, the full effect of the present
war; in 1914 Prussian as recorded q
nigh of Sc and low of 81; in 1919
the high was 65A, the low 52%. and in
1916 the high was 581s and the low
ooA. Other German government bond
issues show corresponding downward
fluctuations.
Japanese Conditions
SEohtlv D;G.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17
Japanese Conditions
Slightly Different

IN 1899 Japan borrowed in England
$4s,o0o,000 on per cent bonds nut
out at 80. Within year these bonds
Went up to 1o5, but during the
o-Japanese war they dropped to
'''s. Ihey were redeemed in 1910
and 1912 before their normal most .war
recovery was fully felt. In the present
war; although Japan has been able to
reuoce her national debt, being the
o"'y warning nation able to do 40.
nevertheless her bonds have not ~.
capped the depreciation In market QUO.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17

to what the rise and fall of the Their
mometer is to the weather. Just as you
can tell the change in the temperature by
watching the fluctuations in the height
Of the column Of mercury, an expert in
finance could almost tell the historic
changes of country from peace to war
merely by looking at the fluctuations
in the column of government bond quo
tations year by year. He could make a
pretty fair guess that the country was
at war when bond prices suddenly
dropped and fluctuated below the prices
of previous years and then in succeed
ing years returned to their former
levels or higher.
War Conduct Of
English Consols
Take the case of Great Britain. Her
national debt is funded in the consoli-
dated annuties or bonds, popularity
known as "consols." The fuctuaton of
these consols in response to England's
wars, big and little, are typical of the
conduct Of government bonds During
the Napoleonic wars, 1893 to 1915, con-
soils fiuctuated downward notably. In
1892 they were quoted at 81. France
declared war on Great Britain in 1893,
and consols fell to 70h. In 1897 they
dropped to 47i2. The next year they
went down to their lowest price, AK
In 1902 they rose to 70, but in 1914
their highest quotation was only 67ls,
and they touched low point for that
year of SAY.
In the last year Of the war they were
65A, but after the Battle of Waterloo,
June IS, 1915, the general curve Of their
market quotations showed an upward
tendency. In 1917 the range was from
a high of S4il to low Of 62. In the
succeeding years radical shifts took
place in England's political and indus
trial life, placing severe strains on the
country, but the rise in consols con-
tinued In 1924 they touched 81. In
1914 they crossed par to 1013s. In 1852
the range was from a high of 1O2 to a
low Of 977s.
This upward trend Of consols per-
sisted in the face of great internal
changes which virtually amounted to a
revolution in the whole life of England.
Their firmncss, however, at once gave
way before war, even of a compare
lively minor sort. The Crimean War
came in 1896 and the Sepoy Re-
bellion in 1857, and consols went down
accordingly. In 1853 the high was 1o1,
the low 90&; in 1854, the high 95M.
low 85A; 1855, high 932., low S6A. and
in 1856, which brought the end of tho
Crlmean War, the figures turned up-
W. rd, the high being 957s, the low s5as.
But this upward trend was not fully
maintained in the face of the Sepoy Re-
bellion, for in 1857 the high quotation
dropped somewhat, being 94A.
The next year consols tended IN
again sharply, and they reached their
maximum in July, 1896, of ia. the low
that year being 1861. In 1897 and 1898
they kept within about an eighth of y
point Of these figures.
But the Boer War of 1s99-1901, in it's
'urn' brought on marked drop in con-
soils. In 1899 the high was only 111h
the low 97%; in 1900 they swooped
down to 1922 for the high, 96% for
the low, and in 1901 still downward to
~ 70 for the high, 81 for the low.
Franco-Prussian War
Depressed Rentcs
Wars, of course, are not tho on,v
force depressing government bond
prices. They respond to general t,nan.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17

would be made fairly rapidly out Of
future savings, so that the total
would be dwindling to small figures
before the next bond issue should
be made. 1t now appears that we
shall enter the campaign for sub
scriptions to the third issue of bonds
with a considerable volume of such
loans still outstanding. Credit ex
pansicn to finance the war already
exists.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17
Franco-Prussian War
Depressed Rentes

wars, OF course, are not the only
force depressing government bond
prices. They respond to general tinan-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17
The Money
Cost of War

This preparation for, rather than
participation in, the war from the
beginning Of April, 1917, to the end
OF February, 1918, cost the coun-
try considerably over eight billions
Of dollars. OF this total about ST.
SOC, 900, 900 consisted Of loans to our
allies, about s2,350,000,00o of ex-
penditures for the army, about
$500, 600, 900 of expenditures for the
navy, and most Of the remainder for
the construction Of merchant ship
ping. The greater part of this
money has been raised by the nota-
ton OF the two Liberty Loans, the
total proceeds Of the two issues be-
ing $780,, 100000 Taxes To the end
Of February are estimated To have
yielded about 10000 900, while a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-17
Methods Of
Raising Money

With an approximation of the
financial requirements in mind, let
us consider the two ways by which
what we colloquially call money"
can be directly raised-through tax
alton or by the use Of the credit of
the government. There is a limit
to the amount that can safely be
raised by taxation. Exactly what
that figure will be no one can tell. 1t
IS plain that taxation has already
been carried far enough to make
considerable inroads on our person.
al and corporate incomes, and that
1t can be carried to such a point as
TO provoke industrial paralysis, and
thus defeat its own ends. Official
estimates indicate that the proceeds
OF income taxation, excess profits
taxation and all forms of internal
revenue for the fiscal year to end
June 30, 1918, will total $4,000
600. or this total estimated war
taxes will furnish 1854, 870, 900.
Taxes evidently will supply only
small portion Of the annual war ex-
penditurcs which must be financed.
Great Britain has applied the
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1918-06-05

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Denb): r6err 2ebrer. oos iinb eefplB
Die @ier pom Sgel?"
g. Seine 4uffaffuns, =
Sdnieeermutter: $50, bic Mitgift
bebalten Sic unb meine 5o4ter
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renbes retpur."
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nauf bic 9ienitboten 1T beutt mirsllf)
tsin 8erlaB mebr; seitern ibid i'd
mein Mdbden mad ben n9rei aaben" f,
bamit es meinen Mann bole; crit bleibt
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LID suriidtommt. brinet Is ii0it mets
mes Monnts einsn 6oIbaten nit
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-08-21
MERELY PART OF CEREMONY
Parson Had Done What He Could,
Considering the Amount Of Fee
Coming to Him.

Two darkies were suing for divorce.
Il was necessary for the old parson
who had married them to testify. He
appeared and this colioQuy ensued:
Judge-Niggef, what's your name?
Parson-WilIiam Lewis, G. W. B. NJ,
yoh honah.
Judge-Do you know this couple?
ParsOn-Yas, sub, / do.
Judge-Did you marry them?
Parson-No, sub,
Judge-Didn't marry EN-: Why. they
have proof you did
ParsOn-Nebbe so, boss but yo' see
It was lax dis. Dat yaIIer niger come
to me an said he'd glib me 81 to marry
him. 1 SEE 'All right" and he went
and got dat ole woman and brung her
to de church. Just befo' de ceremony
he low as how ne amt got but six bits
to Glib me. Boss, I couldn't puhform
no reg'lar ceremony lax dat for a
measly SIX bits, so 1 Just read de
Christian Endeavor pledge ober dem
and turned dem 1oose.-Chicago Daily
News.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-08-21
Spreading Japanese Language.

One or two universities or colleges
in America have instituted a chair Of
Japanese. as has the University Of Ley
den in the Netherlands. The japanese
lectureship was tried in Oxford for
three years; there is professorship Of
Japanese in Kings college, London.
while Japanese is one Of the subjects
that receives special attention In the
new British school of oriental lam
guages lately established in London.
The teaching Of japanese abroad. so
far. has been confined to special
schools or seminaries. but in New
South Wales Japanese Is now being es-
tablished in the ordinary schools as
an instrument of cultural discipline
and instruction on precisely the same
footing as what may be characterized
as the great orthodox cultural Ian
guages-French and German.
This we consider to be one Of the
finest practical Acknowledgements of
the Japanese entry into the comfy of
modern culture that could possibly be
given.-Exchange.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-08-21

"Nurses Are Needed for Immediate
Service"
The American Red Cross has issued
several flyers and booklets in a cam
paign to enlist trained nurses for an
increasing army and under the head
Ing quoted above has this to say:
The enemy thinks he can win before
the United States mobilizes all its re-
sources for making war-and among
these resources nurses are vital. Ask
yourself this heart-searching question
Us our incomplete mobilization due In
part to my holding back:"
Trained nurses are needed today
needed In the training camps at home
and desperately needed In the hos
pitfalls in France, where there are hun
dreds Of wounded daily.
The American Red Cross does not
pretend that you can serve your coun.
Try without sacrifice. You will receive
less compensation in war work, meas
ured in dollars; but you will receive
Infinitely larger compensation. meas
ured in self-respect, patriotism and IN
selfish devotion to your country in the
hour Of its greatest need.
Longfellow said:
Trust no future, howe'er pleasant
Let the dead past bury its dead
Act! Act. in the living present,
Heart within and God o'erhead.'
Nurses, II YOU fail, HE dies!
In small booklet issued by tn,
Red Cross various questions are an
swered. For the benefit Of trained
nurses who may wish to enlist som,
| OF these questions are repeated her
with their answers. Nurses desiring
general information. or young womel
who wish to be trained for nurse
should write to the Red Cross address
ing: Department OF Nursing, Ameri
an Red Cross, Washington, D. c."
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-08-21

The war service chevrOns will be OF
gold, worn on the lower half Of the
left sleeve by each officer and enlisted
man who has served six months In
the zone Of the advance in the war.
There will be an additional chevron
for each additional six months. OF sncn
service. Officers and enlisted men OF
the aviation service on combat hying
duty in Europe will be credited for
the war service chevron with the time
they may be on that duty.
The wound chevron Will be identical
In appearance with the war service
chevron, but it will be worn on the
right sleeve. It may be worn by OH
GERS and enlisted men who receive or
have received a wound in action with
the enemy necessitating treatment by
a medical officer. An additional chew
ron will be given for each additional
wound, but not more than one chevron
will be worn for two or more wounds
received at the same time. Disable
ment by gas necessitating treatment
by a medical officer will be considered
as q wound.
Red Tape 10 Cut
In the rules governing the manner
and method Of awarding these medals
as well as the Medal of Honor. red
tape is conspicuously absent. Time
was when 1t was a matter of months,
If not years, before a candidate for
the highest military or naval honor
within the power of the United States
to bestow received his coveted prize.
Not so under the generalship of Perish
ing. 'In the present emergency
reads the general order. whenever a
recommendation for the award Of the
medal of honor reaches the command
| ing general Of the American expedi'
| tionary forces in Europe. he is au'
thorized to cable his Recommendation
for immediate action. and to hold the
papers until a reply is received" Up
on the approval by cable of his recon-
mendation. General Pershing. or some
officer whom he may delegate, Is au'
| thorized to go ahead and award the
| medal as the representative Of the
/ president.
| 1t is even provided that in extreme
cases, where the candidate for the
honor is severely wounded and in dan
ger of death. the commanding general
may take matters into his own hands
and confer the medal without waiting
for the presidential o. X. The new
system. in short, preserves the form
| Of the old. while virtually leaving II
to the Judgment of the commanding
general whether man Is entitled tc
| the medal or not.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-08-21

PajamaS. worn instead of night
dresses, have proved so sensible and
so fetching that they have become an
established institution in the realm Of
lingerie. low we accept them as a
matter of course. II was because
they proved pretty and fascinating
that they were followed by negiigees
that scorned skirts and reveled in
trousers. inviting all sorts of gorgeous
oriental silks and furbelows, TO come
and be at home with them. Japan.
China. Persia, Turkey and heaven only
knows what other lands, have been
ransacked for Inspirations.
The designers, once having landed
an idea. exploit 1t to suit themselves.
In the picture a lovely negiigee is
shown With lowered satin trousers,
or pantalettes. that are gathered In
about the ankle. Over an ivory sur
face. or on any good color background.
bouquets of flowers in several col
ors are printed on silks that make
these neither garments things of
beauty. Worn over these there are
mahtels or jackets or draperies Of
georgette or silk. usually IN plain
color. In the pictur the over-garment
IS rose-colored crepe georgette and 1t
fastens with silk cord and tasSels in
the same color.
Bright green. or black and gold
made up With straight trousers and
short Jackets In the fashion of Chinese
costumes, We may pass by. but not
without casting one lingering. longing
look behind. Black satin trousers and
jacket. Sordered with gold satin and
embroidered In gold colored silk make
negligees that one will never tire Of.
Vivid and audacious shades Of green
with touches e brilliant cOlors in
embroioered decorations are wonder
full In georgette or In satin. Turquoise
and bluebird are good choices In color.
and then there Is cold cnlor md ueeer
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1918-08-21
KIDNEY TROUBLE OFTEN
CAUSES SERIOUS BACkLcHE

When your back aches, ana your blad-
der and kidneys seem u be disordered,
90 to your nearest drug store and get
bottle of Dr.. Kilmers Swamp-Root. Il
u physicians prescription for ailments
Of the Kidneys and bladder.
1t has stood the test of years and has
reputation for quickly and effectively
giving results in thousands of cases.
This preparation 50 very effective, has
been placed on sale everywhere. Get =
bottle, medium OF large size, at your near
est druggist.
However, if you wish frst to test this
preparation send ten cents to DR.. Kilmef
L Co, Binghamton, N. T., for a sample
bottle. When writing be sure and men
ton this paper.-Adv.