davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
Electricity Made
In Your Own
Home
By GARRETT p. SERVIss.
READER asks how electri

A READER asks how electric
u ity is made. We cannot
L = make electricity; we can
only produce it, i. e., "Iead it
forth" That is all that is meant
by the phrase generating electric
ity." All nature is full of electric
ity, and recent Investigations tend
toward establishing the belief that
everything is based on electricity.
To get electricity in the forms
in which we have learned to know
it, We must follow certain proc
esses. In describing these it is
important TO remember that cleo
tricity manifests itself in two
forms, or state, one OF which we
call positive and the other mega
tive. A body is said to be electri-
fed when q quantity of electricity,
called a charge, has been collected
upon it. The charge may be either
positive or negative. Two charges
Of the same kind appear TO repel
one another, and two of opposite
kinds to attract one another, just
as occurs with the poles and mag
nets. Yet magnetism and electric
ity are not the same thing, al
though they. are intimately re-
lated.
Electricity, under proper condi-
tons, appears to flow, as if it were
a fluid. 1t passes through some
things very readily. and such
things are called conductors. Most
metals are conductors. Other
things, such as glass and hand rub
Der, resist the passage of electric
ity and are called non-conductors,
or insulators. Dry air is an in
sulator. The ground, especially
when moist, is q ready conductor.
There are three principal ways
of producing electricity, or cleo
trical effects. The easiest is by
friction. If you take glass rod
and rub it with a silk handker-
chief the rod will become charged
with positive electricity, and if
you bring the end(of it near bits
of paper, or sawdust, or any small
objects, they will fly to it. You
can also produce negative cleo
tricity by a method in which the
house cat may play an important
part, if she will allow you to
stroke her fur rapidly with a rod
of ebonized indian rubber. Rub
bling the rod with wool will an
swer, but cats fur is better.
A little ingenuity on your part
WIN enable you, by imbuing light,
suspended bodies with opposite
charges Of electricity by touch
ing them with the rods, to expert
ment for yourself with some Of
the laws of electricity. and thus
to introduce an instructive amuse-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
Wants the Government as Landlord
A Sufferer From the Crowded Condition of the
Capital Suggests Remedy

vacant7 II the Government can take
over mines and railroads, why not
take over vacant houses? The rail-
roads have placed an embargo on
furniture being shipped here, and this
separates those coming here from
their household goods. What are We
to do? / am told to ship mine to
Alexandria. and then pay a van SIS to
haul 1t here.
Few realize how distressing the
housing problem 10 in this city. II
the Government can close down BUSH
ness II does seem that It could open
vacant homes for people who are max
ing terrific sacrifices while in the en-
ploy of the Government. Take from
. man or woman decent living accom-
modations, and you unfit them for
service.
We are going to win this war. and
II will be worth all 1t will cost. but
II Is misdirected economy to fail to
make provision for the comfort of
those who are to supply the resources
for the front.
Go after this question. 1t Is worthy
Of your time and EFFORT. You are al
ready doing = great service through
your paper, but the end Is not in
sight. so grid on your armor for fresh
daily triumphs.
An admirer.
BEN A. NEAL
Washington, D. c., Jan. 10, 1918.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
ment into the household.

ment into the household.
The electrical machines for
merly to be seen in the equip
ment of all ambitious public
schools, act on the principle OF
the production Of electricity by
friction. But the small amount OF
electricity that can thus be pro-
duced, and the fact that it does
not flow away in currents but
distributes itself through violent
sparks, render friction produced
lectricity OF no value as a source
of mechanical power. The cleo
tricity Of the thunder-eloud is Of
this variety, called static cleo
tricity because Of its tendency to
collect and stand fast, as it were,
until the increasing strain causes
a ruption.
A second method Of producing
electricity, and one OF immense
practical Importance, Is by chemi-
cal action. Strips OF two different
metals, such as copper and zinc.
are immersed in a jar OF calculated
water, each strip being connected
with q metallic wire, which forms
a complete circuit Of any desired
length.
AS soon as the metals are low
cred into the water, current OF
electricity begins to flow from the
zinc to the copper, passes out
through the wire attached to the
copper slip. makes the round Of
the circuit, and re-enters the zinc
strip. In the meanwhile the zinc
is dissolved in the calculated wa
ter, aud this chemical action fur
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19

nishes the energy required to gen
crate the electrical current. A
great variety Of batteries" act
ing upon this principle have been
invented, and some of them are
capable Of producing very power
full currents.
The third way in which cleo
tricity is produced, involves the re-
lationship existing between electro
city and magnetism. Electricity
can generate magnetism. and
magnetism In turn can generate
electricity. Here are some facts
which for the present at least you
must accept on the word Of
science without inquiring too in
sistently into the reasons why, for
some Of the reasons are az yet I'M
known to anybody.
To begin with, If you have an
electric current flowing through q
conducting wire, and If you bring
tire wire near a magnetic needle.
the latter will tend to set itself
at right angles to the wire carry
ing the current.
Another thing: II you rapidly
move a magnet in The close pres
sence Of an insulated wire formed
into a circuit, or if you move the
wire in the presence Of the magnet,
an electric current will start and
flow in the wire while the motion
continues. This is not an easy ex-
pertinent for anybody except an
APPARATUS. to perform, but 1t in
wolves the principle on which the
mightiest dynamos and all their
related machinery are based.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
Dear Editor Brisbane:

Dear Editor Brisbane:
Sitting In q cheap chair looking out
the window of a small room over q
store, see numerous For Rent
signs. have been looking for Q
comfortable place to. live, at reason
able price. for three months. ever
since coming here to accept q position
with the Government.
1 have just finished reading in The
Times your comment on the sugges-
ton of Senator Thomas as to the
housing problem. Good, but why not
20 a step further, and in a direction
which will get better results, namely:
the Government take over. at An
agreed yearly rental. the hundreds OF
vacant houses in this city being held
with the hope that stress OF condi-
tions will force tenants into them
upon the unreasonable terms asked
l am occupying rooms in an apart
ment for which I am paying more
than the entire two apartments In
this building were offered me for two
months ago. In other words. ! am
paying another family's rent and an
additional money profit.
Working people cannot rent these
large vacant homes and furnish and
heat them. but the Government could
do II and release them at q price
which would satisfy the Government.
Why talk of building more homes
when there are thousands here now
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
TAKE YOUR CHOICE

The Telephone Company de-
elares 1t can No longer give ~
much service Is it has been Civ
ing, and that no longer can it
exist on the present rates. for
which 1t solicited business The
Government offers to Conduct
the telephone business in wash
ington AT A REDUCED RATE
and at the same time promises
TO EXTEND The SERVICE.
Under private ownership you
viii get LESS FOR MORE
MONEY. Under Government
ownership you win get MORE
FOR LESS MONEY.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19

Sorry Harry. This Is toe much
for me:
VIII you let me know why It Is
that when ! came down Thirteenth
street this morning, between G and
II, there was one laborer digging in
the, street and one able-bodied man
standing over him with q pipe In his
mouth? II would seem to me that
during this conservation Of labor by
our Street Department and the great
necessity for fixing the streets, any
how, that both men should have been
working at the street, instead of
one looking on. who seemed to be
in authority over the one lone
worker. I only mention this, so you
can look them over.
H. C. GROVE.
IKE GREGG says that SKIPPER
MERRIWETHER went to a big
downtown hotel with the firm inten-
ton Of getting breakfast:
81 have two dollars with me-" said
Skipper, land would like you to sug-
gest something"
The waiter looked him square in
the eye:
Il suggest you 90 somewhere
else,' he said.
JOHN EDWARD NEVIN Is treas
urer Of the L. AMES BROWN sword
fund.
Twenty-Five years ago today
GEORGE s. DANIEL, Of Saks &
Co., sold me my first long-pants
suit. Mr.. Daniel is now secretary
Of the firm. The suit was solid
brown and cost SIC.
Banks that charge so cents q
month for accounts less than 800
might pay interest on all accounts
over that amount.
Chorus of bankers: oHMYNOD
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
For Homeopathic
CONCERNING THE

CONCERNING THE HAHNE-
MANN MONUMENT.
"Similia Similibus Curentur"
is right This is the Subjective
Of Command, and is translated
LET Similars Be Cured by SINH
lars"
"Similia Similibus Curantur"
is dramatically correct and
could be translated "Similars
Are Cured by Sinlilars." How
ever, that isn't what Doc Hahne-
mann wanted to express He
wasn't offering hypothetical adj
vice, but was exhorting his dis
ciples.
ANONYMOUS.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19

One Of the fifteen prisoners who
escaped from jail Sunday night, re-
turned last night, knocked on the
bastile door and craved readmit-
lance. The papers don't say whether
or not they let him in, but presume
they did. 4
See what he said. He just wanted
q little air, and went to BALTI-
MORE.
And having been in Baltimore,
HE BUSHES BACK TO A WASH
INGT0N JAIL.
His choice is superb. Perhaps If
they'll look around the jail attic
they'll find DORSEY FOULTZ.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
Friendly Advice to Railroad Owners
Continued from First Column1

Continued from First Coumn.)
roads, the prices at which the Government can
do the work-wthout watered stock or nehundre thou
sand president-andy your roads will first drop
fifty per cent and then another ffty-AND THEN DROP
OUT
While you still sell your railroads for fair price
to the people, SELL THEM.
II you refuse to do this you may find yourselves the
Of interesting strips of rust traversng the country
in various directions and not very valuable.
Don't you wish you had sold your Russian bonds?
Hang to private ownership and you may put your rail-
road stocks with the Russian bonds in your souvenir box
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
Baltimore Cheap? Yes, but not
when you want to buy.

To anyone who has had expert
ence in Baltimore at q convention
time the remark Of Representa-
tive Linthicum Of Maryland that
Baltimore is a cheaper town to
live in than Washington sounds
like Q joke.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19
HEARD AND SEEN

J. ERNEST DULIN has = nice
new blue suit. Restaurant business
good, Erny?
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19

In the Congressional Library there
Is q complete file Of the LONDON
GAZETTE from its first issue, in
1866, to date. Only one other com
plete file Is in existence.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19

Pennsylvania avenue Is the old
est regular street in Washington. It
was opened from the Capitol to
Georgetown in 1890. In Jeherson's
administration it was laid out in
three roadways. A double row Of
poplars was in the middle. A ire
mendous advance occurred in 1872
when lamps were placed in rows its
entire length.
Gaslight was introduced to the
White House in 1s4S.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19

What's become of the steamer W.
". Corcoran?
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-03-19

. HE Poo Relation has just
gone home. There, now we
= can dare call our souls our
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
RUSSIANS SEE HOPE
Embass! Profoundi! stirred by Gem
crouS Words &C Encouragement
In Preside rcs' .tddreas

WASIllNGToN. January o.-The Rus.
sian embassy to-day issued i statement
of appreciation OF President Wilson'S
reference TO the RUSSIAN people in his
address yesterday TO Congress
The Russian embassy" it said. pro
foundiy stirred by the generous worda
OF announcement addressed 10 Russian
people In the last message OF tho FRESH
dent, is cherishng a most earnest and
vivid hope that this momentoug an
peal TO justice and democracy Will he
brought 10 the knowledge Of every
RUSSIAN citizen and rcsounu all through
INC noundless Russian country
nc now statement Of war aims.
cmbodyinE the supreme preccpts or
equity and unseinshness, Is certain TO
oeepiy touch the hearts OF tho Rus
Exams. The President by emphasizing
inc nest OF the idcaliattc S;rivings OF
the Russian people and tho reaI IS.
sence OF their seeking jus, and demo-
cratic settlement. has given q power.
iui support IN Russia TO tho cause the
allies are lighting for.
THE greatest value should h. :,
tributed TO the vivifying factor Of a
firm recognition as an esscntl.I Wv
aim that Russia should be enabled ,o
achieve an unembarraased and ina.-
pendent determination OF her own "a
l!tical developments and natIon.,
policy
The assistance promised the Huesf.,
people In attaining their utmost hone
or liberty VIII strengthen the faiih an,
pour new stream OF energy into Al,
elements In Russia, which, in spite q,
tne moral and physical exhaustion q.
the country, cannot yield TO the force
OF autocracy and VIII oppose. in IN.
way conditions will allow. all atten,n,s
or hampering the achievements o, IN.
luminous ends OF humanity and deu,oc.
racy or which President wilson has
been the spokesman
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
BANKS ELECT OFFICERS
Two National and One State Institu.
tioA Of FredertcksbuSe Hold
Annual Meetfnrs.

FREDERICKSBURG, VA, January 3
-Thrce OF the banks Of this city have
elected officers for the ensuing year az
follows:
National Bank-Judse A. w. Wallace
president; II. l.. Wallace. vice-pres-
iden,; J. A. Taylor cashier: II. D
Scott. assistant cashier; George A.
Scott. teller Directors: Judge A. w
Wallace. Messers. S. &. Wallace, DR.
]. +. Stin. A. IL. Wallace. II. l.. Wal
lace. ii. D. Scott and George A. Scott
Planters National Bank-Captain r
&c Vance. president; Captain NJ. B.
Rowe and Allen Smith. Independents;
w. ]. Ford. cashier; Paul Karsten. Jr
and II. B. Lane. assistant cashiers. d.
reotors: Captain NJ. b. Rowe. +. C. Bald
win. Allcn Smith. George Freeman. Jr.,
DR.. ]. w. Massey. ]. Conway Chichee-
ter. A. l.. Brulle. Alvin T. Rowe. w. j.
Ford, Captain r. Conroy Vance and
i. c. Dickinson.
Commercial State Bank-E. NJ. Young
president; G. 3. Wallace. vioe-pres-
idept: George w. Perry, vice-president;
George w. Shepherd. cashier; w. Mayo
Smith, assistant cashier. Directors:
George w. Shepherd. {. B. Wallace. w
Mayo Smith. L. NJ. Young. George w.
Perry, Granville r. Swift,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
RAILROAD MEkAsk
FOR INCREASED WAGES
Demands Will Be Dealt With
Through Investigation boards
to Be Named Soon.
STRIKES NOT CONTEMPLATED
Congress Informed 1t Would BE Inn
practical to Provide Now for Ter
mination OF Government Control
at Specified Time After tho War.


WASHINGTON. January s.-H,rher
wages will be asked OF the railroad ad-
ministration soon by nearly all classes
Of organized railroad labor 1t was
learned to-day that many pending wage
disputes win be transferred to tho gov
eminent from railway executives
boards, and In other cases new de-
mands will be formulated for presenta-
tion to Direotor-Ccneral McAdoo, who
probably win deal with them through
investigation boards.
Strikes arc not contemplated by any
organization. it is said. and wage ques-
lions will not be put up to the director
general as demands. Railroad labor
leaders arc represented as not seeking
to take advantage OF government on
Grafton to press for moro pay, but rather
as pointing out the necessity OF wage
increases to keep employees from being
attracted to other industries.
Up TO the present. the only general
demands for wage increases considered
by Director General MeAdoo arc those
presented by the four railway brother
hoodp and the Switchmen's Union Tho
brotherhoods' case will be investigated
by board OF four to be named by the
ditector-gencral Tomorrow. and he Also
may ask this body to inquire into the
swttehmcn's demand. which now is
being considered by committee OF
railway executives representing all
roads
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
drastic Fuel Regulations.

BOSTON. January a.~-1he entire
state Is stunned tonight by drastic
tucl regulations issued late to-day by
fucd Administrator Storrow, in order
That IN the face of the great coal short
age III the Say State sufficient fuel may
bc conserved 10 enable factories sup
plying clothing aud munitions 10 the
government to continue r.nnins on fun
Tune. Beginning next Monday, all
thcatcrS dance halls. saloons, billiard
halls and motion picture houses must
not open before o'clock, and must
close by ; o'clock
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
NEWS BULLETINS

NEW YoRk-Rcpublican National
| Committee has been called to meet
In st. Louis. Mo-, February II.
| IlNGToS-Embareo raised on
shipments Of condensed milk. butter.
pork. beat and dried fruits to Cuba.
NEW GORk-Finley j. Shepard,
whose wife was Helen Gould, is to-
day recovering from two serious oper-
atoms performed within the past ten
days.
COMMONWEALTH labor leaders is
sued manifesto giving whole hearted
support TO peace program presented
by President Wilson.
NEW S0RK-Clarcnce Payne. whose
fortune at one time was said to be
So. 100000 was forced into involuntary
rcceivership Wednesday.
EoSTON-British steamships are be-
ing ccalcd a Hampton Roads with coal
consigned to Boston hospitals and
schools.
ADMISSION. ALA.-Thc One Hundred
and Fifteenth Infantry has hesn placed
under quarantine because OF measles
|. WASliINCiTOS-The Duke of Devon
shire. Governorcieneral OF Canada and
the Duchess were guests at The White
House Wednesday.
CIiiCAGO-I,ow shoes and :pats were
advised for women by the National
shoe Retailers Association wcdncs-
day.
EAST ST. LouIs--Membcrs of the
ire department told city officials that
unicss wages were increased a strike
will avail January Is.
COLUMBIA. S. C.-Two soldiers died
In Camp jackson of spinal meningitis.
PEORIA, lLL.--Two hundred SOL
diers are searching tho hills about here
for man who is said 10 have fallen
out of balloon.
CIilCAGo-Socicty women took their
buffers and maids to the food conser-
walton show To learn conservation
I ideas.
Ci1ICAGO--1iclen Evans. aged six
teen. was used as a shield by bandits
who hattlcd unsuccessfully to get 3Ss,-
900 from tho Southwest Trust and saw
| n"s Bank.
| WASIINGTON--C:hs Of Com.
mcrrc dues arc not subject to 10 per
| cent taT imposed on clubs, etc
RIO Observation-Disclosures naval ay!a
tors have departed for England to tako
part in the war.
NEW 1oRk--Reports to the fuel at :
ministration arc that New York Ia on
| tho brink OF a fuel famine.
RoME--.tn official communication
issued to-day says that two Italian
steamers of over 1000 tons were sunk
during tho week OF January .
! PARIS--one French merchantmen of
moro than 1.60n tons was sunk hy mine
| or submarine in the week ending Jan
uary s.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
Oppose "Dryo Amendment.

NEW YORK. January s.-Resolu-
tions calling for the defeat in It's pres.
emit form OF tho proposed Federal con.
stitutional amendment establishing
prohibition. on tho ground that a pro.
vision In It giving both Congress and
tho States power to enforce 1t would
cause confusion. have been adopted a,
the annual meeting of the New Yorl,
City Bar Association. IT was announced
to-day. Tho resolutions commend the
substitution by Congress Of new
measure free from this element OF
conflicting Jurisdiction"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
Enlist Now in Army
Of Richmond Savers

Have You enlisted In tho army Of
snverss II II an arWy which the
women OF Richmond intend to lead.
They nre preaching patr,ctisn by
prncticinE thrift. renilxinH that
every dollar snved 4ovcr hereo In a
life saved "over there
The woman's Committee OF tho
Rtchmoad War Savings Campaign
has enlisted most OF the leading
merchants M agents for thrift
stamps and war savings stamps. In
addition. stamps may be Had at the
psat-ofnce. banks, trust companies
and other public Offices.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
PROBE CENTERS ON BAKER
secretary OF War VIII Take wttne..
Stand Thursday to DC Quiz1ed
by probcrs

WASHINGTON. January s.-The eli.
max In tho war inquiry of tho Senate
Niihtary committee Will be reached to-
morrow. when Secretary Baker appears
10 oiseusS the proposals for establish
ms = separate department of munitions
ana criticisms or army preparations
deHeloped during tho investigation.
Mr. Bakers testimony Is expected to
continue several days, and with it the
committee proposes to close the ord
nance and supplies branches OF their
inquiry, and pave the way for immedi-
ate movement In tho Senate for iesis-
iation. Investigation OF army canton
mcnts. aviation and other activities arc
10 be deferred
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10

The Admiralty report OF January .
gave the sinkinEs OF British merchant
men tor the current week as twenty
"nc-cishtecn vessels of LOCO tons or
over. This waa material increa &C
over the previous week. when tho sink
inga numbered twelvc--clevcn OF tho
vessels moro than 1900 tons. Thus the
increase in the subala rine sink!ngs has
been more than maintained in the past
week, as they comprised twcnty-ouc
merchantmen aud four fishing vessels
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
Hwy Output or MiIls.

WASHINGTON. January SO sup
ply the needs of the army and navy
and the nations associated with the
United States in the war against Ger
many, the food administration will
purchase from every -four mill in the
country not to exceed 80 per cent OF
It's output. Out Of the -four purchased,
IL was explained. the food adm inistra-
ton Will retain at all times a reserve
stock. and will ship -four TO any point
where the local supply might be short
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-10
WOMEN ENEMY ALIENS
Indications Arc Strong They VIII be
Forced 10 UeEister Before
Week OF FEBRUARY 4.

WASHINGTON. January 9.--ISncm,
alien restrictions probably will be ex.
tended soon to German women in the
United States. Legislation to this end
Is being drafted, and congressional
leaders have assured tho Department
OF Justice that 1t will be enacted
promptly.
II this is done before the week OF
February 4. when nationwide regis.
tration OF unnaturalizcd Germans is "a
be made under supervision OF the De.
partmcnt OF Justice, women probabl,
will be included in the enemy alicr
census.