The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-11-15
EMERY TELLS HOW
GERMANY CHANGED
Nation, Lied To, Began Last
Summer to Realize It Would
Meet Defeat.
FEAR NOW IS BOLsHEvIKI
People Felt Relief After 1t
Was Made Plain by Wilson
Note That End Was Near.

According 70 Henry @. Emery. for
mcriy professor OF political economy At
Yale. and who has Just returned from
Germany after having been prisoner
there since April. practically tho whole
German people recognized the newt
ability OF defeat early last summer and
in August were openly discussing the
necessity Of getting rid Of the Kaiser
and his Government
Mr.. Emery went to Russia In 1915 in
the interests Of the Guaranty Trust
Company. He was arrested while stay
ing on one Of the Aland islands on the
coast Of Finland In March and was in
termed in the German prison camp Of
Tuchel In April. Five weeks later he
was released ana allowed to 60 to q
small town In Pomerania and from there
two months afterward went to Berlin.
In Berlin he was permitted to have the
liberty Of the city so long as he re-
ported regularly to the police. He was
allowed to leave for the United States
on October 20.
In the little town where was living
before I went to Berlin" he said yes
terday. what struck me forcibly was
the complete lack OF understanding by
the mass of the people OF what their
Government had been guilty Of and Of
the conditions that had forced America
into tho var.
Berlin Realised Nations Fate.
But in Berlin the truth was pretty
generally realized. Wien first reached
the city the last great German offensive
was just coming to an end and 1t seemed
to me at first that the feeling of con-
hdence in German success was still high.
But I soon discovered restlessness
among the people, especially the working
people. In July my barber complained
bitterly and with amazing frankness of
the way the German people had been
lied to. and when / asked him what he
thought ought to be done he said, We
have got to throw down that chap up
above
"At that moment could hardly be-
l!eve my ears, but each succeeding day
made II clearer that the great masses
Of the people were heartily sick of their
rulens and 1t was generally accepted
that the Kaiser had long ago lost his
grip and influence and that Ludendorff
was the dictator or Germany. WHO
was In Berlin ! saw him. once the ma.
tional hero fall TO be the most execrated
man in the country. Ear'y last month
a rather conservative Journalist said 70
me that the lamppost It was proposed
to hang him on had been picked out.
Fought Even Past Glitter End.~
"A week later I was in the corre-
spondents room at the Reichstag while
the Reichstag was discussing President
Wilson'S second note TO Chancellor Max
| asked some of the newspaper men il
they thought Germany would fight to
the bitter end and amid loud laughter
one OF them, n German. said that Ger
many not only would but had, since
the bitter end had arrived some weeks
ago"
Mr.. Emery said that before Prince
Max OF Baden accepted the Chancel-
lorshtp u had been offered to Matthias
Erzherger. Philip Schiedemann, the So
ctalist leader. and a half dozen Other
men recognized for their democratic
principles and thoroughly trusted by the
people None OF them would consider t.
Mr. Emery said his last impression
on leaving Germany was that faces
looked brighter and that there appeared
70 be In the people a sense OF relief
despite their humiliation. that long
nightmare OF misrule and oppression
WAS near the end. Germany's great fear
ROY Is Bolshev!sm. he said. and mixed
with this fear Is the realization that
Bolshevism owes half its success to
German support when 1t was weak and
Young.