davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
SMALLEST NATIONAL PARK.
Created to Protect the Big Sequoia,
General Grant.

Except for two national reservations
made for the conservation of curative
springs, the smallest national park is
the General Grant. 1t contains only
square miles and was created to
protect one tree.
But the General Grant tree is
worth a national park all to itself. 1t
is giant sequoia, and. next to one,
is the biggest and the Oldest living
thing in the wide world. 1t is 35 feet
through from bark to bark, and 264
feet high. 1t is not far from 1000
years old. The one living thing that
is bigger and older is the General
Sherman tree in the Sequoia National
park a few miles to the east; that is
a foot and half thicker and 16 feet
higher.
The General Grant tree is not the
only sequoia in the little national park,
however. 1t is the biggest Of fine
grove of sequoia trees The General
Grant National park is spot of pro-
found beauty. 1t is a wild garden
of wonderful luxuriance, in which all
the great trees for which California is
famous attain their largest dimensions,
and which is glorious in summer with
the bloom of innumerable shrubs and
Towering plants. 1t is a calm and
silent place in which camping out is a
luxury, for it almost never rains dur
ing the camping season.
Small though the park is, it has its
many visitors. More than 1900 peo-
pie visited it last year, 1000 more than
went there the year before More than
1000 automobiles brought throngs into
the park to DO reverence to the mighty
tree. This Is no show place, where
visitors whirl in and whirl out. Most
of those who come come to stay a
while, There Is public camp where
one may stay as at a hotel, and there
are hundreds of charming private
camps.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11

of the theater, hall, park, or place
where the performances are held theil
location and capacity together witt
the following information for the per-
iod of twelve months prior to such
registration; total receipts from such
business; number of performances
given by the proprietor; number given
by others and the prices of admission
charged.
Travelling or itinerant shows OF
amusement enterprising having fixed
or established headquarters are re-
quired to file with the collector of in
ternal revenue of the district in which
such headquarters are located sched-
ule of the itinerary for the year or
season during which they operate and
are required to keep a daily record and
render monthly returns to the collec-
tor
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11

what to those Of Germany, which fur
nished many OF the shock troops OF
that campaign.
The losses Of the other nations were
probably on a smaller scale. with the
exception of the British and Germans
who suffered greatly during the Cam
brai offensives and counter Offensives
But taking the year as a whole II
would not be possible to give to II SO
large a death loss as occurred in the
year preceding.
This Years Losses 100000.
II 2,4O1.000 men were killed In the
year from August 1. 1915, to August l.
1917, 1t is probable that the losses for
the last year up to August l will not
be more than 100000. This would
allow for the present offensive on the
British front. which seems at this
time to be the long -heralded German
attack and which will result In a
heavy casualty list.
That would give total for the four
years Of the war of S.504,000.
The following table has been COM
piled, based on the figures of the War
Study Society. for the first three years
of the war
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
Bell Tells II.

At Lloyds, the marine insurance ex-
change in London, bell is tolled when
a ship Is reported lost, or when ship
long overdue and considered lost I'M
expectedly reaches port. The bell used
at Lloyd's belonged to the ship Lu-
tine, which was wrecked near the
Zuyder Zee in 1899, while taking specie
from English merchants to Hamburg.
When a ship is posted as lost the
old bell is tolled once, and on that day
the insurance money is payable and all
who were on the ship are considered
legally dead. In the unusual event
Of vessel arriving in port after be-
ing posted as lost. the bell Is tolled
twice. and the announcement is cried
aloud by an, official in uniform,
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
Human Lives Sacrificed.

In attempting to arrive at an ap-
Proclamation of the loss of life in the
war one meets obstacles of silence on
the part of the various governments
which make it hard to reach a salts
factory conclusion. The best figures
on. which computation can be made
are those of the war study society of
Copenhagen, which take in only the
first two years of the war.
England and Germany have made
public their casualties, but the other
countries have been impressively sill
emit And as yet the American army
has not played sufficient part in the
war to make it's measure of the SUI
preme sacrifice more than a relatively
small number.
The War Study Society, basing its
estimates on the best information to
be had at the time, estimated that in
the first two years of the war the loss
Of life was 100000 Figuring on that
basis, at the best an inaccurate one,
the losses for the third year have been
put at 2,401,0O0. And when one
reaches the fourth year the estimate
becomes even more vague and unre-
liable.
Russia has become negligible fac
tor in the war; and her losses, which
had been the most considerable of all
the nations involved, were reduced to
a minimum by the collapse of her ar
mics and the inglorious handing over
to Germany of her eastern provinces.
In the retreat Of the disorganized and
almost disbanded armies from the bat
tie line the loss OF life was relatively
This removes at once the greatest
Item on the death list Of the nations.
On the other hand the offensive in
italy undoubtedly increased the losses
If Austria and Italy, and added some
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
RATS AND MINERS.
Belief That Rodents Are Protection
Underground.

Investigators of mining conditions
and the peculiar dangers to which mi
ners are subjected recently have taken
much interest in the practice of west
ern gold miners to make pets Of the
rats which commonly infest mines. On
| the mother lode vein of California it
has been found that the miners in
| variably feed the rats and take care
of them, believing that the rodents
are source of protection against ac-
cidents. This is due, the men say, to
the instinct of rats, which warns them
when a tunnel roof is unsafe. And
when the rats leave a tunnel it is al
most impossible to get the miners to
work there. This recalls the belief
among sailors that the rats will leave
doomed ship. The miners also have
found that rats are much more sus-
ceptible than humans to the danger
our gases that so often cause loss of
life in the mines. Long before the
miners themselves are affected the
rats become sick and show symptoms
of distress. So the men keep close
watch on the rats good health.
Miners have been superstitious
since the beginning of time This is
easily explained because Of their
strange employment The folklore Of
every land has superstitions originat-
ing among miners in which ghostly
gnomes roam about deserted mines
and uncover fortunes. Also the men
become obsessed with the idea that
they hear the blows of picks welded
by spirit hands, and many other such
ideas.
Nowhere are miners more supersti-
Itious than in Germany, where they
have whole family of gnomes and a
mythology of elaborate development.
Principal among the personages of
this mythology are the two gnomes,
Nickel and Kobold. Nickel is a help
full goblin, supposed to aid the men in
their work. but Kobold Is the incarna-
ton of evil. AS an Offering to these
gods of the underground world, two
metals bear their names-nickel and
cobalt. Both were first discovered in
Saxony.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
Prediction.

Tolstoy's prediction Of the great war
which has been devasting Europe was
a remarkably accurate forecast. In
conclusion he prophesied that "the
end Of the great calamity will make a
new political era for the old world.
There will be left no empires or king
doms. but the world will form a fede-
ration Of the United States of nations.
There will remain only four great
giants-the Anglo Saxons, the Latins,
the Slavs and the Mongolians."
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
The Mole's Appetite.

The little mole has recently been
recommended for membership in the
society of big eaters. 1t is so very
voracious, even in captivity, that 1t
will sometimes eat more than it's own
weight Of earthworms in "a hours. One
little glutton, weighing ounces, de-
voured ~ pounds of worms in one
month. When the diet changed to
raw beef, mutton, chicken heads and
rabbit liver, its appetite was un-
changed. Cheese, when mixed with
either worms or beef was the most
toothsome bit of all.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
Staggering Costs of War in Cash and
Loss of Human Lives---Startling Figures

for the central powers. the ratio being
2 " to l.
This disparity" he says. SIS ex-
planned by the different conditions un-
der which the embattled groups are
lighting by the need of the allies to
spend large sums in keeping their
navies and mercantile fleets at sea,
by the different systems of pay In the
armies, by manufacture and transpor-
tation. Wars money Is now largely
expended in the laboratory, the foun-
dry and the machine shop, and in the
case Of the allies an important part
is expended in costly steamship and
railway transportation"
An interesting table showing the dir
ect war cost at that time to the people
of the various nations In relation to
their normal income follows:
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11

Having the largest average in
come" says Mr.. Gehle. 1.-The workman
of the United States can most readily
meet his war expense Having the
smallest average income, the work.
man of Russia has also much the
smallest burden of war expense. Blu,
the cost equals nearly the full amount
of the average individuals calculated
income in Russia, as against one quar-
ter of the average individuals income
in the United States
in Great Britain the burden is heav-
Ter on the individual than in any of
the other countries named. That
country's war cost is greater than the
average income of the. people. The
other European nations are spending
nearly all their normal income for
war"
1t has cost the United States $4,000
for each man in the field, estimating
that by August the country will have
100000 men in the army and the
navy. England's cost per man is
about $4,533.
The United States spends $156.7l for
the equipment of each soldier abroad;
$101,62 for clothing, $7.73 for eating
utensils and $4736 for his fighting
equipment One may perhaps remem-
Der the protest that went up when the
Fifty-first congress. 1SS9-lS91, approp-
rated $l,OOO,O0O,000 in the two years,
and Speaker Reeds retort, This is a
billion dollar country" One may
wonder what the speaker would have
said in this year 1918. when the APP
preparation for the war department
alone Is $3,SS1, 2O1, 1892.
The following table shows the ex-
penses of the chief war departments
of the government for the fiscal year
from July l, 1917, to July /, 1918, in
Guiding the great appropriations of
last year:
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
Loan Service FLAG.

Each subscriber who purchases a
bond in the third Liberty loan drive
will be given a banner to correspond
to the Red Cross posters that were
distributed during the last Red Cross
drive, to be hung In windows or posted
in conspicuous places to designate
those who have subscribed for bonds
Each poster is labelled Third Liberty
Loan Subscriber" and space for the
name Of the purchaser is provided.
The flag has sort of service flag
appearance, with three bars across a
white center. designating the third
drive for the Liberty loan.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11

One reason for the wide margin be-
tween the losses of the entente allies
and the central powers is the relative
unpreparedness of the entente at the
beginning of the war, the disastrous
retreat of France in 1914, and of Rus
STA later from the Mazurian lakes and
the Carpathians and in Rumania.
France suffered tremendously in the
early retreat to the Marine and later
IN the defense of Verdun.'
Because she is fighting on interior
lines without suffering disastrous re-
suits, and because of highly efficient
medical service. Germany has suffered
relatively less than some of the other
nations, notwithstanding that her Of
fensives on various fronts have caused
her heavy losses in dead. Nearly one
third of her casualties are estimated
to have been suffered around Verdun
Russia has been the heaviest loser
In man power, her total loss in deaths,
injuries and prisoners being nearly
double that of any other nation. Aus
sufferer.
In regard to the losses for Russia
and Austria Hungary, the great cam
paigns in the east are to be consider
ed, these having been carried on by
large forces in the open, over wide
stretches of territory. Lack Of means
of communication and of hospital ia
cilities also has been a factor in in
creasing these losses.
Enaland's Losses Smaller Than Others
England's losses have been smaller
than those of the other European pow
ers, owing to the time it required to
bring her full strength to bear in the
war theater. Italy until recently was
saved from extreme casualties through
the combining of open operations on her
mountain frontiers.
Rumania, although entering the war
late, suffered disastrously through the
TER man lnfdSlOH belSlufH anu ocI-
bia, the two small states overrun by
the German machine early in the war,
lost heavily in proportion to popula-
ton. Turkey has been heavy loser,
through waging war on a wide sweep
of front from Gallipoli through Syria,
Arabia, Mesopotamia and Armenia.
Bulgaria has been, comparatively.
small loser.
The wounded can be only roughly
estimated, because so many of them
return to the front and are wounded
not only once but several times. The
War Study Society estimated that the
wounded in three years
of war were 5,119,O00. All those who
have studied the relation of wounds to
deaths on the field agree that the
death loss has never exceeded 20 per
cent of the wounded.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1918-04-11
ALLOTMENT FOR IDAHO
THIRD LOAN 100000
SHOSHONE COUNTY Is EXPECT.
ED TO COME THROUGH
WITH $s50,o0o.

The minimum allotment for Idaho
in the third Liberty loan drive is $S,-
100000 out of the total issue of 3d.
900, 100000. The following allotments
have been apportioned to the various
counties of the state:
The Washington herald., 1918-02-04
Thieves MAKE raid
ON FOOD SUPPLIES
Light Fingered Gentry Forsake
Jewelry for Chickens.

Diamond breastpins, bulging wal
lets and priceless heirlooms no
longer lure thieves in Washington.
When this clan pilfering go
nowadays they are generally at
tracted by much different bait
food for instance.
If Food Administrator Hoover
should hear of some of the deep
laid schemes to hold up" the morn
ing bread wagon or to crack" the
sugar barrel at the corner grocery
it would likely force him to OBJ
serve another less" This time
''sleepless nights"
Reflection of the workings of this
new code among criminals was seen
last night at police headquarters,
when three such depredations were
recorded on the blotter.
Eight undressed chickens, three
liberal grocery orders and one per-
fectly docile black and white cow
were lifted" in different sections of
the city yesterday.
Samuel Brown, 1855 H street
northeast, reports the theft of the
eight chickens, while W. H. Thomp-
son, located in the Center Market
and James F. Kelly, 1854 Morse
street northeast, complained of the
other two losses.
The Washington herald., 1918-02-04
DRAFT ARMY
COMPLETE ON
FEBRUARY Is
Supplies for Laggard Con-
tingents Sent Forward
to Cantonments.

The first draft army will be com
pleted on February Is.
The final quotas from those States
which have not furnished their full
strength will be sent to camp on that
date. Orders to this effect have gone
out from Washington
Supplies OF equipment for the new
contingent now are being assembled at
the camps and cantonments in var
iOus sections of the country. Secre-
tary OF War Baker has insisted on
the accumulation Of ample stocks or
clothing and other necessary supplies
before the additional men reach camp.
The work is being rushed.
An aggregate of about IS, 900 men will
be sent to camp under the new orders.
The date of the second draft call Is
dependent upon the removal OF troops
now in training.
The second draft apparently will not
apply to all States simultaneously.
Transfer of the men Of the first ma
tional army is regulated by the avail
ability of ships.
Secretary Baker has stated that
there is legal authority to call as
many as a million men under the
second draft
The Washington herald., 1918-02-04
RABBI COMPLETES
IA YEARS SERVICE
Dr.. Simon Has Won Success in
Washington Work.

Rabbi Abram Simon, of the Wash
sington Hebrew Congregation, has
recently celebrated the fourteenth
anniversary of his connection with
his Washington pastOrate.
Born in Tennessee. Rabbi Simon
/ was educated in Cincinnati, grad
-uating from the University of Gin
cinnati and the Hebrew Union Col
. lege of the same city. Rabbi Simon's
: first charge was in Sacramento.
California, where he organized the
! local Society for the Prevention of
Z Cruelty to Children. He later serv-
ed a fOur-year pastorate in Omaha
? before he accepted his present
? Washington charge Since coming
to Washington, Rabbi Simon has
received a%fh.D. from George Wash
ington University.
Mrs. Simon is almost as well
known as her husband, the woman's
committee of which she was at the
head having sold S164.OOO worth of
liberty bonds of the last issue.
War welfare work has occupied
a great deal OF Rabbi Simon's time
= during the past months. A special
service is given for the benefit of
men in uniform on Sunday morning
at the Eighth Street Temple. after
which the soldiers are invited to
Sunday dinner by ladies of the con-
gTegation. On Saturday night a
dance or smoker is always given
for soldiers by the temple hospital
ity committee.
The Washington herald., 1918-02-04
WAR SAYINGS
STAMP DRIVE
STARTED HERE
Ministers Begin Campaign
for Million-Dollar Sale
in Washington.

Our goal is high, but with the loyal
assistance Of every citizen, Washing
ton will go over the top as she has
always done in the past"
That was the prediction made by
d. J. Callahan, director of the war
savings and thrift stamp campaign in
the District. yesterday. the first day
OF the drive for the sale Of 1900, 900
worth of the stamps in q week.
Need Help of All.
The weeks drive opened yesterday
morning. with scores of ministers
preaching sermons upon IT.
Il feel that can say nothing to the
people Of the District of Columbia"
Mr.. Callahan said. that would be OF
greater help to this great drive for
81 10000 than to ask every man. wom-
an and child to read the statements
by President Wilson, Vice President
Marshall and members Of the Cabinet
indorsing the drive"
The messages from the President
and Cabinet members and the procla-
nation of the District Commissioners
beginning the drive were made pub
lie Saturday night.
While yesterday saw the formal
opening of the drive, today will see
the start of the actual work. Ma
tionally known men and women will
take part, addressing theater audi
ences and special meetings.
Several meetings were held last
night and addresses were made in
local theaters. Judge Arthur B.
Hayes spoke at the KnickerbOcker.
Thomas P. Lttlepage at the Savoy
and Charles W. Darr at Crandalrs.
Samson A. Lndauer spoke at the
Avenue Grand. Roger P. Whiteford at
the Apollo. Roy l. Neuhauser at the
Empire and Frederick J. Rice at the
Maryland.
Louis B. Franklin, director of war
loans, will address the audience of
Keith's Theater this afternoon and
Senator George w. Norris. of Ne
braska. will speak there tonight.
Blanche Bates will speak on the
stamps at the National Theater and
will make another address on We'd
nesday at Keith's. Scores of other
theaters and meetings will hear ad-
dresses on the stamps this afternoon
and tonight.
The Washington herald., 1918-02-04
Radio Has Solved,
At Cost of $2,250000,
Getting the War News

Direct radio communication between
Washington and American army head
quarters in France will be made pos
sible this year with the completion
Of the S2,2JO,O0O radio station now be-
ing built in France by the Navy De-
partment, which has charge of all ra-
diO communication.
At the close of the war. under ar
Tangements made, the station will be
taken over by the French govern
uent.
Available French stations are not
of sufficient power for transatlantic
communication, at least on the scale
desired by the United States. As a re-
suit the cables have been crowded
with government messages to and fro,
even during the night hours
1t is expected that the new station
will be finished in August, and by
working with the Arlington, Va, sta
ton or the new high power plant at
Annapolis. the radio system will af-
ford quick relief.
The Washington herald., 1918-02-04
four Charges made
AGAINST D. c. Youth
William Robert Spieden Arrested
Following Auto Collision.

Four different charges were placed
against 15-year old William Robert
Spieden. 11O2 B street southeast, after
he had been arrested by the police,
following a collision.
Young Spieden, police claim, was not
only joyridding while under the in
fluence of liqGor. but also speeding and
unable to show an operators permit.
When first questioned the boy told
the police he was John r. keenan,,
giving his age as is. Slight damage
was done to the automobile which is
said to belong to Harvey Ellis, as
Massachusetts, avenue northwest.
Spieden is being held at the House
of Detention.
The Washington herald., 1918-02-04
WAR EXPENSE
OF RED CROSS
ISS77,OOO,OOO
$30,5l9,259 Set Aside for
Special Relief Work
in France.

In a comprehensive financial report
covering all appropriations from the
date of its appointment to January
Of this year. the war council of the
American Red Cross yesterday an
nounced war fund expenditures
amounting to s77,s43 49, 35. The council
set aside $40. SIS. $3.50 for relief work
in France. which is included in p
totak foreign appropriation of 81.
657, ,795.9 80.
Administration of national head.
quarters and division Headquarters
cost S,2S9. .292 for six months. This
$3.50. 900 was donated for telegraph and
cable service by the Western Union
Telegraph Company. The council, in
its statement, points out that no ex-
penses OF administration in the Unit
ed States were paid for out of the Red
Cross War Fund.
Scope of Work.
''All administration is more tl@i
met by membership dues, thus ever.
dollar contributed for relief goes {
relief" the report continues.
Appropriations in foreign countriCs
other than France, include s, ,999 .63l
for Belgium, s751, 80 for Russia, g.
617, ,39S.7s for Rumania, $3,146,O16 for
Italy. $S71. .1sO.76 for Serbia and 1903,
642 for Great Britain. United States
army relief work cost $2,612, So. 60. In
France the appropriations for the
most part cover budgets to April 30,
1913.
The council announces that s2,554,
925.64 has been appropriated. In ac-
cordance with the wishes of donars,
for Quitting base hospitals, for am
balances, for relief of Serbian prison
ers of war, for the American Red
Cross Military Hospital No. for the
Red Cross Institution for Crippled and
Disabled Men.
For British relief the largest items
were $4,000. covering contributions
to the British Red Cross, and S394, SIC
for supplies to care for the work OF
the London Chapter. In Russia the
sum Of s359,640 was set aside for the
supply of condensed milk and food
stuffs. A.4S2,014 Is appropriated for
blankets, comforts, sweaters, helmets,
wooden gloves, woolen wristlets and
wooden socks.