davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Summary of the News

GENERAL NEWS. 1-Gcrmans attack bitterly south of Somme and Anglo-French are forced to yield. French repuIsc attack of II divi- xions near Grivesnes. First year of war has cost nine billions.
 Absolute harmony prevailed at Montgomery anti-amendIst meet- ing.
 Pershing is decorated by Belgian King. c-Americnns are known now to bt holding third sector on front, which is attacked by Germans. :,-Bessemer business men going to Washington to present canal pIan1. n-Dfxie division to go on long hike.
 LOCAL NEWS ~Tng Day will he observed Satur- day.
 Lieutenant Thompson in biE bat tIeplane to arrive nt fairgrounds today.
 Social workers plan for meeting of southern body.
 FEATURES 4--Editorial comment. G-society and Dolly DaIrymple. 7-S-Sports. ll-Markets.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
PRESS OF GERMANY
 PREPARING PEOPLE
 AGAINST DEF FAT
Readers Are Warned Not to Expect Too Much From Present Offensive
 in West


 Ottawa, Ont. April 1.-The German press is warning It's readers not to ex- pect too much of the offensive in the west, says a Reuters dispatch today from London. The Cologne Gazette says extraordinary rumors are prevalent in Germany regarding the extent of the German victory and are inspired by the enemy. who Is exaggerating the Teutonic successes for the purpose of de- pressing the masses through disappoint- ment.
 The war correspondent of the Frank furter Zetung says that heretofore it has been impossible exactly 10 estimate the German losses, but it is uSneces- sary to jump to the conclusion that they are enormous because the victory was difficult. He states that the en- emy's resistance is hardening and has been favored by rain and stormy weather that have greatly hampered the offen- Sive operation.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
More Than Half of This Huge Sum Represents
 Loans to Allies
|ONE-SIXTH HAS BEEN RAISED BY TAXATION
While Very Large Expendi- lures Have Not Reached Estimates Made for
 Departments

Washington, April 4.-Nine
 billion dollars IS the approxi-
 mate cost to the United States of the year of war.
 More than one-half has gone in loans to allies and will be
 repaid eventually; over one third has been spent for the army and military establish ment, and one-fifteenth for shipbuilding.
 Just one-sixth of this big war cost |has been raised by taxation and other ordinary sources of revenue, and the balance has come from sale of Liberty Bonds and certificates of indebted lness.
 Enormous as these war expenses may seem to a country whose govern
 ment in peace times cost between s70o. .oo0,o0 and $500 00o,0o0, they are less than Great Britain's and are only about two-thirds of estimates made by officials less than a year ago. Slow progress of the shipbuilding pro gramme and the retarding of the out pouring of war supplies are regarded 1 by officials as the chief reasons why expenses did not equal estimates. BILLION A MONTH Government expenses now are run ming about a billion dollars month with somewhat less than half going to allies, who spend the greater Dart of their loans for war supplies in this country.
 Since the declaration of war. April 6. 1917, the governments actual ex- penditures have been more than $s,- 800, 900 .oo0. but about ssoo,ooO,oo0 of this sum would have been spent for normal activities even if the United states had not entered the war. HOW DIVIDED Ordinary expenditures under which the treasury classifies all outlays for oreration of the governmental ma-l chinery and war enterprises, since tho deelaration of war have been approx i,nately $y,0S4. .000. 900. Actual paymenfs 10 allies amounted to about $4,Iis.t 100000.
 Income from internal revenue, most. of which is represented by war taxes.
 (Co.tinued on Page Nine)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Public Information Committee Watchman
 Killed by Janitor

washington, April 4.-will Clements, a negro janitor employed at the offqes of the committee on public infornation, confessed today that he shot James King a watchman at the committees headouarters, who was found dad at his post early this morning. Clements, located after an ail-day search, ttld the police that he and King had anl argu- ment when he reported for work and that he shot King in self-defense, after the yntchman had drawn a pistol. Hing s cartridges failed to explode.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Secretary of War Baker
 Returns to Paris From
 Visit to Italian Capital

Paris, April 4, Secretary Baker, who has been on a trip to Rome and the ltal- ian front. arrived in Paris this affer- room.
 London, April 4.--Premier Lloyd George returned to London today from visit to the front, says an official announce nent tonight The British prime minis ter accompanied M. Clemenceau. the French premier. They visited Field Marshal Kaig and Generals Foch, Petain, Pershing and Bliss.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Tuskegee Banker Killed
 in Automobile Accident

Montgomery April 4-R. R. Kelly. cashier of the Bank of Tuskegee. was killed late tonight when his autonio- bile turned over into ditch about seven miles from here. He was pinned beneath the car and crushed to death. The other occupant of the car, D. E. Laslie. cotton merchant of Tusk egee, suffered only slight injuries.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
By the Associated Press

By the Associ several days of inactivity along the battle front in Pcardy bitter fighting has been resumed along the western sector salient the lines of the entente aes Attacks by the Germans against the British and are yielded gains to the invaders Tn the eca sectors just to the east of the city of Amiens fighting has been heaviest in the negn back slightly and in the south the French forced ground
 
 fact that successful would to of their heavier cannon their attempts to capture Amens
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Health in Home Army
 Camps Continues Good.

Washington. April 1.-The health ot the army in the United States continues good, the, war department announced today. although bronchitis and influ- enza, complicated with pneumonia in many northern camps increased the noneffective and death rates slightly over the preceding week.
 The totas number of deaths reported was 237. of which 90 were among the regulars; z9 in tie National Guards, and 11S in the national army
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Congress Takes Final Action on Bill Creating
 Additional War Secretaries

Washington. April 4.-Congress to- day took final action on the bill creat- ing two additional secretaries of war and the appointments probably will be announced within few days. It is understood the men to be select ed are Edward R. stettinius, surveyor of army purchases, and Frederick Kep- pei, dean of Columbia university and now acting as confidential assistant tc Secretary Baker.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Ohio State Officials
 Refuse to Use Pencils
 "Made in Germany

Columbus, O.. April 4.-State off Als here have declined to use made in Germany pencils. The fmatter first came to the attention of Secretary of State Fulton when c. O. Meyers. head of the boiler in- spection department. forwarded hack to the secretary of states of flee a sample of the pencils. ac- companied by a note. which said:
 These articles are respectively returned. This department Is too patriotic to use these pencils. If hell were turned upside down 1t ,probably would have Made-in-Ger- many written on the back
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
ARMENIAN FORCES RETAkE ERZERUM FROM TURKS

\ Driven to take measures for their defense. the Armenians have organ i2ed an army and have recaptured Er- zerum from the Turks, as well as oth- CT points in the neighborhood of that city
 The landing of German troops in Finland is apparently going forwaro. reports stating that 10000 men have arrived at Hango, fortified port or the extreme western tip of the Fin nish peninsula
 There has so far been no official re- ply to the peace kfte' sent up by Count Czernin. the Austro Hungarian foreign minister. Newspaper comment. which may be considered as showing. tie trend of opinion in entente allied chancelleries. is unanimous in reject ing the idea of peace under the con- ditions and it is probable that they forecast the replies which will be enrnciated by government spokesmen in allied countries.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
Tremendous Struggle Is Re stunned Tn Amiens Region and In Vicinity of Ha-
 mel Berlin Claims
 Victory dt Moreull
ELEVEN DIVISIONS OF GERMANS
 REFUSED BY FRENCH AT GRIVESNES

numbering well over 100000 delivered front nearly miles, Grvesnes north of the Amen road + hney wgf epued time after me they succeeded in gaining small secoh of ground .,Y,,r,. Gvnes but the Germans occupied the villages of Mally, Raneval and MoriseL .,.. office tonight of this offensive also attack French made progress at
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05

Reports from the French and Brit ish fronts have mentioned heavy rains
 which would mean that the Germans have been working under severe handicap in bringing up guns, ammu- milton and supplies to the front. The battlefield over which the allies nave retreated was left in devastated con- dition. the roads and bridges being nlined by the retreating forces. The Iuii in the battle for the last few days probably was caused by the ma biIity of the Teutons to move thelr heavy supply trains over these roads. together with the necessity of reor- ranizing the shattered divisions which l.are the brunt of the fighting after they had passed the first held or Ire ol
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
FRENCH MAKE RAIDS ON
 FRONTS NEAR VERDUN

On the French front before Rheims and Verdun successful raiding oper- ations have been carried out by the French. The French report very heavy artillery engagements north of Mont diaier, sector which has witnessed savage fighting and where the Ger mans have been foiled in their efforts to advance oward the Paris-Amiens railroad.
 Nothing has been reported from the Italian front and it is not likely that an attack has been launched there by the Austrians who have gathered an enormous army for a possible drive southward into the plains of northern
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-04-05
BRITISH MAKE NO MENTION
 OF RATTLE AT MOREUIL

The British, since retaking Ayette' south of Arras. have not resumed their offensive operations, so far as report ed by London. but the German offl- cia, statement says that four attacks by the entente forces against the heights southwest of Moreuil were re- pulsed with heavy losses. There arc TO reports of fighting except outpost encounters along the French lines on the Disc river
 There have been heavy artillery bcnbardments of British positions On the Menin road and at Pass Chendeaie. east and northeast of Ypres, accord ing to London. As yet. however. there is nothing to foreshadow an effort by the Germans to attack there. Con- fronting them are we'll fortified lines and high ground held by the British, and it is improbable that a serious attempt to break through will be made
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
SIXTH BAYER CO.
OFFICER ARRESTED

NEW YORK, Aug. S1.-Dr. Arthur
Franz Felix Mothwurf, chief chemist
and assistant factory manager of the
Rensselaer, plant of the Bayer COM
pany. makers of aspirin, other drugs,
chemicals and dyes, was brought to
the New York Port Enemy Alien Bu-
reau yesterday. He was arrested at
Albany on a Presidential warrant as
a suspected dangerous enemy alien.
He is the sixth officer or employe of
the Bayer company, which is in the
hands of the Alien Property Custodi-
an, to be arrested as the result of an
investigation into an alleged con-
spiracy to withhold a substantial part
of the Bayer company property from
the Alien Property Custodian.
DR.. Mothwurf came to the United
States to live permanently in 1914.
He was born in Bavaria. His wife
and child are in Germany. He was
committed by Rufus w. Sprague, jr.,
chief of the Enemy Alien Bureau, to
the Mercer county Jail, Trenton. to
await examination.
Mothwurf is alleged to have been a
party to the transfer OF $4,000 from
the treasury OF the Bayer Company to
buy the Williams & Orwell Company
Of Providence, makers of sulphuric
colors. This was part of the .pur-
chase price of 100000. Mothwurf is
alleged to have transferred $4,000 in
cash to a naturalized American of
German birth. The American bought
the Williams & Crowell Company
stock. 1t is alleged that to protect
Mothwurf he gave notes for $4,000.
payable 'six months after the end of
the war"
The williams & Crowell Company
was reorganized after the purchase,
according to Government officials,
and it's stock was apportioned among
dummies with American citizenship.
The object of the conspiracy, 1t is AL
legged. was to build up a strong and
ostensibly an American chemical.
drug and dye cmpany which would
profit during the war by means Of
a highly advantageous contract with
the Bayer Company and be in a posi-
tion at the close of the war to begin
active competition with the American
trade.
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
BOOK OFNOTABLES
BYSLMON WOLF

Congratulation to those into who's
hands the book may fall" is the tri-
butte paid by Justice Stafford to ST.
mon Wolf, the well-known Jewish
writer. public official and philan-
thropist, in a foreword to the book
by Mr.. Wolf, 1.-The Presidents Have
Known From 1S60-191S"
Readers of Mr.. VOLTS book go
with him on the interesting way
through his descriptive historical
journeys. His life in Washington for
the last fifty years has given him
many opportunities to disclose
scenes behind the curtain when the
story OF the nation was being writ
ten.
The book presents a large COM
pany of distinguished people aside
from the Presidents. Mr.. VOLTS pen
pictures of the. makers of history in
the most trying ordeals in their Ad-
ministrations, place the reader in
the midst of some of the most
inspiriting moments of American
history as we'll as the dark and
pathetic incidents in the lives OF the
men who wrought for their coun-
try's welfare.
The five hundred pages Of biography
and history sketch many interesting
meetings and freely disclose personal
traits of the noted men. with an in
termingIing of appealing human in
terest.
In his narrative of his personal
contact with President Lincoln, which
is among the most extensive of his
The Washington times., 1918-08-31

sketches, the author includes a diary
recording events of world Importance
and analyses their effect in Washing
ton during the critical times of the
civil war. Mr.. Wolf writes of many
personal interviews with the great
war President.
The author. now a national char
acter, was born in a little town of
Bavaria Thus he felt the heel of the
oppressor in his youth. He came to
this country while yet a boy, and was
clerk in a country store. studying law
and later entering upon the benevo-
lent and public-spirited tasks which
have occupied his days till now.
With Washington as his home city
throughout all the sixty years dealt
with in the volume, he came to know
the successive Presidents from Lin
coin, in the crucial days of the great
var. to the present Chief Magistrate
of the nation, Woodrow Wilson, in
these no less crucial days.
Horace Greeley, John Hay, and
others receive high tributes from the
author, Secretary Hay personifying,
in his Estimation, the highest type of
ideal diplomacy and patriotism.
Woodrow Wilson, he writes, pos
sesses the eminent attributes of sane
statesmanship, sound reasoning, logi-
cal thinking. prompt and patriotic ac-
tion. Though Mr.. Wolf has differed
in m&tters of party politics from the
President, he counts as an epoch in
history the Presidents estimates of
the difference between autocracy and
democracy, between civilization and
barbarism.
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
WHOLE FAMILY ENLISTS

CAMP MEADE, Aug. 31.-Nicholas
Demopulus, mess sergeant OF the
Eighth Company. 154th depot brigade,
a Washington draftee, has five broth
ers in the American army, two in the
Greek army, and two brOther-in-laws
and two cousins also in the Greek
army. His father. Michael Demopulus,
is a veteran of the Greek army.
The five brothers in the United
States forces conducted restaurants in
Washington before they began to en-
list. One of the brothers, Peter, is
in the Seventh-frst infantry in this
camp: Stephen is in the 112th En-
gineers. in France; Chris is in the
army medical station in Washington,
and George is in the 135th Machine
Gun Battalion in France. Two sis
ters are busy knitting and selling
thrift stamps.
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
PHONE REVENUES SOAR

Uncle Sam has Investigated the
earnings OF the telephone companies
and found that they have gathered in
a net revenue for March. 1918. OF
S9.532.332 The gross revenue was
S27.921 ,462 for that month, while the
expenses were S1S,3S9.13O. It was an
nOunced today.
This is an increase OF net revenue
over that for March, 1917. when the
gross revenue was S25.952 .OT9: the ex-
penses S1T,462 .GS9, and the net reve-
nue. Ss.4s9.37T.
For the three months ending
March, 1918, the gross revenue was
Ss2.OT0,7O6, the expenses S56.657, ,776
and the net revenue SOS, 4l2. $50.
while for the same period in 1917 the
gross revenue was $TG,342 $50. the
expenses. $50. O.549. .31s, and the net rev.
enue was S25, 1881
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
SHACKS BUILT FOR
BELGIAN REFUGEES

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY
IN FRANCE, Aug. . (by maiD.-The
principal road into Ypres-from this
side-leads through Poperinghe. Ap-
preaching Poperinghe, likewise from
this side, you see one OF the rarest
sights in all Belgium-new houses.
People never before lived in new
houses in Belgium; houses always
were old; they were like the trees
and the hills and the rest of the
scenery. But now on the forks of
the road you find little new houses
one after another.
II it were not that nothing can
make you forget the war; once you
pass the Belgian border, you could
easily imagine yourself in the out
skirts of a new factory or mining
town in America These little houses
are the most pitiful nondescripts.
They are built of boxes and of dis
carded timbers of one kind or another,
forming a typical shantytown of the
American sort, save that many have
roofs of tile and the others have
thatched coverings.
In nearly every window is dis
played something for sale, green gro
ceries, postcards, odds and ends that
soldiers buy, and you think at first
that this temporary market is re-
sponsible for the new one-street
town strung along the road. But
that. too, is a mistake. Poperinghe
explains the Belgian shantytown.
Poperinghe-known all over the Brit
ish front as "Pop'-is deserted, and
these houses were built along the
road by refugees who were unwilling
to go any further than they had to.
You can ride all about Poperinghe
and see little sign of life, save an
occasional hungry looking cat. All
the dogs apparently got away, but
a few cats remain. One sat in the
great round hole made in the side
Of a little brick dwelling by shell,
sat and stared disconsolately at the
clock in the biggest of Poperinghe's
churches. The clock registered $50
The clock on the next biggest church
registered 1:3O. The cat may have
been puzzled as we'll as disconsolats.
Straightaway eastward out of
Poperinghe runs the main road to
Ypres. On either side are desolate
farms, untitled, except by shells.
Near the town are a few exceptions,
such as one hop ranch whose vines
have climbed a dozen feet up their
poles, regardless Of the fact that the
town brewery has ceased to brew.
AS Ypres is approached the desoIa-
tion increases. Only the heavily
cobbled roadway, running level and
intact well above the abandoned
farms, shows signs OF human atten-
tiOn. 1t will be the same after this
afternoons rain, while the dusty
farms will turn into mud flats.
1t continues so into Yptes.
One cannot go beyond the edge Of
Ypres unless one has business there
as a fighter. but standing on the
broken walls OF the old weaving
mill near the western edge a gooS
view OF the ruins can be had. The
half gone corner towers OF the IA
nous Cloth Hall can be seen, and the
arch of the crumbled cathedral. All
the rest of the place is a dead level
of destruction, and the continued
methodicaI shelling by the Germans
may in time bring the remainder OF
the towers and the cathedral arch
down also.
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
cRowDER WARNS DENTISTS.

Evidence that draft registrants in
certain localities are attempting to
avoid military service by having their
teeth extracted has been submitted to
the office of the provost marshal gen
eral by the Department II Justice.
Dentists were warned against permit
ting themselves to be made & party
I" a practice which would subject
them to the penalty provided for con-
spring to aid another 10 avoid the
draft.
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
YANKS MAY VISIT MONACO

PARIS, Aug. 31.-Monaco, the IA
nous little principality which enfolds
within its borders the famous Monte
Carlo, has been offered, through the
Y. NJ. c. A. to the American EXpedi-
tionary Forces in France as a place
where leaves may be spent. The en-
tire country has Been rendered by the
prince.
Headquarters is seriously consider
ing the offer, which, however, may
prove unacceptable, owing to the dis
tance Of Monaco from the front.
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
TRUSTEES SALE

Lot 4 Block 4. section 2-BrAdlsg
q Michael Wilson" msstionsd above a.
Loss Z. 8. il. Il. II, H. IS. Is. sIoek :;
thirty feet Of Lot IL. adjoiains Lot ~.
All Of Lot 70 szcsp. Is feet aAJSinias
Lots to 5. Block 4;
Lots Z. 5. and 8. Block s;
Lots :. J. %. -. and 81. Block o.
Lots and D. Block 8:
Lot s. Block II, all in English vlilAGe@
Bradley Hilfs. being parts Of Parcel No
2 Heirs Of Michael Wilson" rlsntione4
above as Parcel No >.
TERMS OF SALE: An cash: to -
complied with within ave days after ths
nnal ratification Of the sale by the Cir
cult Court Of said Montgomery County ~
4 court OF equity, or on the day OF sale ~
the option Of the purchaser: otherwiSo tha
property will Be re-sold At the risk an4
cost OF the defaulting purchaser or puf-
chasers: taxes. Interest and other dxe4
charges will be adjusted to the day Of
sale.
II the property Is sold a. q whole =
deposit Of 81 .000o 90 will be required ~
the Trustees at the time Of sale: other
wise q depoalt Of Ave per cent Of the
price bid will be required by the Trustees
at the time Of sale. Convsyancing. re-
cordinE. revenue stamps. etc. to be At
the cost OF the purchaser or purchasers
JACKSON II. RALSTON.
HARVEY 7. WINFIELD.
Evans Building, washington, D. q
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
Ten Panicky BOches
Shot by Own Officer
To Prevent Surrender

LONDON. Aug. 31.-A German
officer shot ten men of his divi-
sion when they were panic-strick-
en- by the Canadians attacks in
the Scarpe sector and were about
to surrender. il was learned to-
day.
The German officer is quoted as
follows:
"The 2I4th division was panic
stricken by the advancing Can
adams. They refused to fight Il
shot ten SO they could not sur
render"
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
WALL ST. MARKET

NEW YORK, Aug. 13.-There was
no interest shown in stock market
affairs at the opening today, even by
that element noted for its inability to
stay out of the market Holiday dull
ness prevailed from the opening and
there was hardly enough business in
the first few minutes to warrant
comment.
Steel common ranged from 11Oh TO
11OB, and at the end of the hrst nf-
teen minutes was unchanged from
yesterdays final prices.
An advance of 4 made by Southern
Railway was prominent.
The market closed strong.
Thursday
The Washington times., 1918-08-31
BALTIMORE GRAIN MARKET.

BALTIMORE, Aug. S1.-Wheat. ar
tive, firm; No. red winter, $2.35% !;
No. red garlicky. $2.3S%; receipts.
ISI ,526 bushels: shipments, 4S,15O.
Corn, easier: contract yellow. 81 .6S
G$1.7O; receipts, 1887; shipments,
26,256
Oats, unsettled; No. ; white new,
1914 asked; No. 3 white old, IS; re-
ceipts, 1O,959; shipments, 10,315.
Rye, steady; No. Western export
spot, Sill: receipts, 21S7; shipments,
none.
Hay, firm: good demand.
Flour, dull, easy.