davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12
Insurance Only
20 Cents a Week

The much praised imperial insur.
ancesystem gave to the aged the
munlficent sum Of 76 cents a week
@ the invalided and sick less. thar
y week and to widow Is cents
: week.-Mrs. in country where the
Yearly cost of barest subsistence
vas from $140 to $155.
Workers in Germany worked long
g than those in America, England
% France. The average yearly
sesning Of skilled workmen wa.
esfS, and unskilled 1910. The aver
se family expenditure, according
9 an investigation made by Thu
herman Imperial Statistical Office
- $o8l.70 year. To make ends
mees women and children wer.
SDnged to work. They were EN-
ployed in the most strenuous trades
oe1ofe the war about 81, 900 womer
Wsre engaged in the metal industry
esrnlng an average Of 40 cents I
w They were employed in thu
s0& and salt mines. In the meta
aes they were subjected to ter
.'''c strain by having to lift heav!
haehinery.
& employment in trades for which
~ men were normally fit and un
1seding made many of thes'
3 n unit for motherhood. In
y rtality up to the beginning
. war Was higher ia German.
y country accepting Rus
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12

AlSace-LOrralne, Where the PruS-
sian influence has made the least
impress, the suicide rate was only
OBS per 100000 population. or 0.30
more than that of the United States.
The suicide rate of adults in
many parts of Germany was un-
paralleled in other parts of the
world. It may be remarked that a
low general rate of suicides pre-
vailed in the Roman Catholic Sec
tions Of Westphalia, the Rhine
provinces and the Polish provinces
of Prussia, while in the stretches
from the North Sea along the Elbe
to Bohemia, which were most at
fected by the Prussian system,
high rate Of 30 to IS per 100000
prevailed. During the five years
ended with 1913 the suicide rate
per 100000 in Berlin was 1878.
In New York City, where suicides
are more especially marked among
the foreign population, the rate was
17.2, and in London IL. During
the same period the suicide rate per
100000 population in the Kingdom
of Saxony was 1925, in the province
of Brandenburg, exclusive of Ber-
lin, 1871. In the Kingdom of Ba-
varia, which is largely Roman Cath
olic, the rate was 1862, and in Al
sace-Lorraine, which has resisted
Prussianization, only 1916.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12
Appalling Rate of
Child Suicide

And Of those who did survive an
appalling percentage was driven to
death by suicide. Perhaps there is
nothing so revealing Of the actual
conditions in Germany, no such
commentary on the government
which seeks to impose its will on
the world, as the death by their own
hand Of the little children Of Ger
many. !. Why did these children
|Aeek escape, by death from 4 Lie OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12

consisted of hog meat, potatoes,
milk, pastry and bread. With an
average additional outlay of IL
cents a week for drinks and 10
cents for tobacco, the average an
nual expenditure per year for a
skilled workers family amounted
to $230.65.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12


died before they were one year of
age. Reviewing the infant death
rate in the German textile indus
trial districts, the report went on
to say. the reasons given for the
conditions were:
"First-The fact that wages are
so low that the wife is obliged to
go to the mill to help keep the
house going.
"Second-That prices of necessi-
ties are so high that sufficient
amount cannot be purchased, espe-
cially of meat, to keep the mother
in state of physical efficiency.
"Third-That a considerable num-
Der of the children are handed over
to the care of neighbors or older
children, and lose the close atten-
tion of the mother, who returns to
the factory as soon after confne-
ment as possible.
perhaps the principal reason has
been overlooked by the Germans
themselves. From the number OF
inquiries we made, 1t is safe to as
sumo that the average textile work
er's family is housed in two small
rooms, measuring twelve feet by
nine feet, in high building Of five
or six stories. 1t is the exception
rather than the rule for a worker
to have three of these rooms, unless
he has other members of the family
working; and the STIFFNESS of these
rooms can be better imagined than
described, when the family is all
present"
According to statistics prepared
by Breckh's, six-sevenths of the in
fants' deaths in Berlin were Of bot
tle-fed babies-this despite thu
Wanted use of pasteurized milk
The deaths of a majority Of thes,
infants, therefore, must be as
cribed to the physical condition o:
mothers who, to earn meagre liv
ing, were driven to drudgery, t,
hard labor in fields, mines, factorie
and shops. Because men wer'
needed for the army, before tn
war millions of women were con
demned to tasks for which only mel
were fitted. Overstrained, under
fed, their health destroyed, unabl
to nourish infants, they brough
into the world weaklings too physi
cally unfit to survive.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12

Reduced to the barest necessities,
tho German masses even at that
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12

were between the ages Of twelve
and eighteen. In 1910, as stated,
179,584 illegitimate children were
born in the German Empire. Since
the beginning Of the war the Ger
man government following it's
policy of fostering the production
of "fodder for cannon"-has en-
couraged the propagation of male
children by establishing a pension
for all male infants born; children
born out Of wedlock have been Of
ficially legitimatized; womanhood
has been prostituted to the designs
Of imperial Germany in a manner
unsurpassed even in the days be-
fore Christianity dawned upon the
v,vo~1J
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12

Just as children were driven to
suicide in Germany because Of the
intolerable conditions, so were
large proportion Of children driven
to crime. In 1908 1857 persons were
convicted of crimes causing death
of this number ITS were between.
twelve and eighteen. In the same
year, of 1852 persons convicted
of crimes against morality 1919
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12

cities in 1910, according to Dr..
Zahn, were:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12

True Record of Vaunted Social Teuton Efficiency Shown
IN Statistics of Misery and Crime-Workers Crowded. IN
aerfed and Overdrven Babies Death Rate Hgh Aged
Made Outcasts-Whole Picture of Industrial Paradise Proves
Camoulage
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-05-12
world.
Militaris1n's Chief
Support Is Hunger

1t has been said a hungry man
knows no conscience. Before the
war, while the land-owning and
manufacturing classes waxed in
ordinately rich, the masses of Ger
many suffered from actual hunger.
While Germany was increasing her
navy and building her costly war
machine, rents and the costs of liv-
ing went up year by year; the bar
rack tenements became more and
more overcrowded; foods that were
mere necessaries in America be-
came Injuries to the German work
ers; the pinch of poverty became
more acute. The German govern
ment realized that it's subjects were
approaching uneasiness, if not &C.
tive protest. 1t realized that to
bring this hungry and at the same
time docile people to the savage
mood for war all that was needed
was the declaration that Germany
was attacked and that England
wickedly intended to deprive the
Germans of the. fruit of their in
dustry and thrift. It likewise held
out the promise of the fat lands Of
France, the markets Of Great Brit
ain, Of colonies beyond the seas.
Success in war meant money and
food.
The German Imperial Statistical
Office affords accurate information
as to the condition Of the German
workers stomach up to the begin
ming Of the war.
The German workers for many
years have used horse meat and
some dog meat. Beefsteak, veal
and chops were far above the slen-
der means of many. The average
German worHngman, according to
official German statistics, was able
| TO hay Aor his-3 family only 20 cents
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-06-27

George Washington is credited
with saying, homegrown mill
tary establishments are, under
any form of government, inau-
spiciouc to liberty, and arc to be
regarded as particularly hostile
to republican liberty" Univer-
sal military training in the times
of peace in u~ndemocratic. For
proof Of who is in favor of
universal military training one
needs only go into almost any
railway station and on the wall
will be seen placards telling of
the alleged benefits of military
training. We are opposed to
universal military training in
times of peace because it is un-
American, un-democratic and
autocratic. The world is now
sick of miltarism which is the
result of universal training. We
fight to abolish militarism in
Germany and we are opposed to
it not only in Germany, but
throughout the world.
The writer, with a large num-
Der of other young. men, has
been. called, in a military capaci-
Jy, to uphold the dignity, honor
and respect Of this, our native
country to uphold the ideals of
democracy in opposition to au-
tocracy. We have long endeav-
ored to do our bit for the ad-
vancement of democracy in our
sphere as a humble American
citizen and we now accept the
decree which has been made that
we do our bit in this great bat
tie for the adjustment of au-
tocratic kings, kaisers and mill
tarists without a murmur of
protest. We wish to state right
here that we know there Iare
those who will be very glad in
deed to see us go; who will de-
=
light in our departure for the
reason that they think by going
we will lose the opportunity of
saying some things concerning
them which they well deserve
but to those individuals we
would refer the old saying that
"he who laughs last laughs best"
and advise them that we haven't
as yet had our laugh. We in
tend to go to Europe and help
get the kaiser and then return
and help get some Of the finan.
cial kaisers with our ballot)
and their lickspittle hangers-or
of which we have several in this
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-06-27
FOUNDATIONS OF A RUDE.

The Chamber Of Commerce OF
Grand Forks in a recent letter
to John N. Baer, the Nonparti.
san congressman, stated that
they were in favor of the uni.
versal military traing bill and
that the Chamber of Commerce
of the United States was also in
favor Of such a bill. The uni.
versal military training bill
which these organizations ap-
prove Of is not the present con-
!scription bill but one that calls
for the training Of the youths
of our country when the pres
ent war is over and peace estab-
'lished, peace which will stand
unless some detrimental
legislation similar to the univer.
sal training bill is put into force
by this or other of the great
countries of the world. Tremen-
dous sums of money are being
spent to hasten universal mill
tary training upon the United
States; being spent by the pa(y)-
triotic profiteers of this coun.
try in an attempt to Prussianize
our nation; being spent to put
every American boy into the
harness of militarism. Big Bust.
ness is determined that the new
era which will be a reality after
the war shall. be dominated by
wealth, through the instrumen.
tality of great standing and re.
serve armies. That is the pur.
pose of the forces which are
now by might Of material wealth
by their control Of the press, OF
the theatre, of the church, and
Of the schools. They are seek
ing to erect a Hohenzollern mil.
itarism on our own shores fol-
their own benefit. While the
Mortified eyes of the people are
Turned upon the monstrosities
Of Kaiserism, Kruppism anc
Junkerism abroad, the profiteers
and junkers are attempting tt
establish the conditions at home
which they profess to wish tt
overthrow elsewhere.
Behind the movement for uni
versal military training is the
organized wealth of the United
States. Every foe Of democracy
in this country is concerned il
some way or another with the
movement in favor of universal
training. The enemies of organ
lied farmers or organized la
borers are either secretly o.
openly supporting the universe
training bill. Behind it are the
profiteers who grow sleek anc
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-06-27

A tractor demonstration of
Fordson Tractors will be held at
Bottineau on Saturday, July 9Th.
Agents from the FOrdsOn and
Oliver Plow Co. factories will
conduct the demonstration.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-06-27

county posing as newspaper edi-
tors and then we will have our
laugh. With this weeks issue
we expect our activities as a po-
lit.cal writer for the present at
least, will cease. We wish to
thank the readers who have Civ
en- US such kind and considerable
attention.
AS a farewell message to us
Matt might publish the names of
all of his stockholders.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27

gions, with conditions most serious in
Finland.
Bohemia, Serbia, Roumanla and
Montenegro have already reached the
famine point and are suffering heavy
toll of death. The Armenian popula-
tion is falling each week as hunger
takes its toll, and in Greece, Albania
and Roumania so serious are the food
shortages that famine is near AL
though starvation is not yet imminent,
Italy, Switzerland, Bulgaria and Tur-
key are In the thrces of serious strin-
gencies.
In order to fulfil Americas pledge
In world relief we will, have to export
every ton OF food which can be ham
died through our ports. This means at
the very least minimum of 20,000,000
tons compared With 100000 tons pre-
war exports and 11,820,000 tons ex-
ported last year, when we were bound
by the ties of war to the European
allies.
II we fail to tighten the black spots
on the unger map or If we allow any
portions to become darker the very
peace for which we fought and bled
will be threatened. Revolt and anarchy
inevitably follow famine Should this
happen we will see in other parts of
Europe repetition of the Russian de
bacle and our fight for world peace
viii have been In va1a.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27

food map of Europe today shows
not a single country in which the fu-
ture does not hold threat of serious
difficulties and only a small part which
is not rapidly approaching the famine
point With the exception of the
Ukraine only those COUNTRIES which
have maintained marine commerce
have sufficient food supplies to meet
actual needs until next harvest, and
even in the Ukraine, with stores accu-
mulated on the farms, there is famine
in the large centers of population.
Belgium ard northern France, as
well as Serbia, appear on the hunger
map distinct from the rest of Europe
because they stand in different rela-
tion from the other nations to the peo-
pie of the United States. America has
for four years maintained the small
war rations of Belgium and northern
France and is already making special
efforts to care for their increased
after-thewar needs, which, with those
Of Serbia, must be included in this
plan, are urgent in the extreme and
must have immediate relief.
The gratitude OF the Belgian nation
for the help America has extended to
her during the war constitutes the
strongest appeal for us to continue our
Work there. The moment the German
armies withdrew from her soil and she
was established once more In her own
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27

FRIGHTFUL CONDITIONS o. PORTO RICAN LABOR TOLD
BY PRESIDENT OF PORTO rico FEDERATION OF LABOR

Mcintyre, who appears to be respon-
sible for the conditions on the Island
Of Porto Rico, many acts of tyranny
have been committed against the
working men and women, without
any form Of redress
If the Congress and President of the
United States would see fit to relieve
the conditions of the island, it cannot
be brought about by mere political
reforms, or independence" as has
been asked for by some Of our poll
ticians and capitalist corporations of
the island, but By vesting the people
with complete comprehensive and
wise economical freedom with which
they can fight the few privileged per-
sons that ruin the island, enslave the
people and discredit the American in
stitutions and the American purposes
Of freedom and democracy
It is now the verdict Of all humanity
that the treatment accorded the mass
es Of people IN Porto Rico by those
who have been in control of the Gov
ernmental affairs of the island has
been undemocratic, oppressive and un-
American
TO take the right course Of action in
Porto Rico, a commission has been
suggested to be appointed by Pres
ident Wilson that viii have the power
to investigate the social, industrial
and economical conditions of the island
and to further see that such an inves-
tigaHon shall include all that gose
to make up the work and lives Of the
people OF Porto Rico
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27

seat of government the little nations
first thought was to express her graft
tude to the Commission for Relief in
Belgium for preserving the lives of
millions of her citizens.
Germany, on the other hand, need
not figure in such a map for Ameri-
cans because there is no present indi-
cation that we shall be called on at all
to take thought for the food needs of
Germany Germany probably can care
for her own food problem If she is
given access to shipping and is enabled
to distribute food to the cities with
dense populations, which are the trou-
BILE centers.
England, France, the Netherlands
and Portugal, all of which have been
maintained from American supplies,
have sufficient food to meet immediate
needs, but their future presents seri-
Gus difficulties. The same is true of
Spain and the northern neutral coun-
tries-Norway, Sweden and Denmark
whose ports have been open and who
have been able to draw 10 some degree
upon foreign supplies.
Most Of Russia Is already in the
throes of famine, and 10000 900 people
there are beyond the possibility Of
help. Before another spring thou
sands of them inevitably must die.
This applies as well to Poland and
practically throughout tbs Baltic re-
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27
STREET CAR MEN
Are Underpaid, Declares Joint
Chairman Taft.

Washington In the course of
hearing on street railway case,
Joint Chairman Taft of the national
war labor board said
"Mr. Walsh and / have had a great.
deal of experience in fixing these
wages, and while, of course, we have
made mistakes in the past we are only
too glad 70 admit it. If possibly we
fix too low a rate or too high a rate
too high for the conditions of the
company and too low for the real exi-
gencies under which the men have
worked there is this to be said, that
the street railway men ought to real
ize that; but ! think we have the, right
to say that we have found them under
paid everywhere We found that they
had been underpaid by reason of a
situation in the public service com
panies that had pressed them down to
something that was quite unjust, and
the general range of our rulings has
been to bring them up, puite beyond
probably, what they would have been
had our board not been instituted and
that has brought about a financial
situation in the companies that is de-
plorable, but that does not make US
feel that we are at all departing from
equity in what we have done in the
raising of these wages, for the reason
that the low wages, for the men have
been the result of an unsound eco
nomic policy which the street railways
have got to reform or go to the wall"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27
Many Acts "f Tyranny Committed
Against The Workingmen And
Women; Without Any
Form Of Redress.

tion be given prompt attention and
the latter official has promised action.
hi view Of the pending Investigation
this article by Santiago Iglesias, pres
ident Of the Porto Rico Federation
Of Labor and organizer for the Pan
American Federation Of Labor, proves
Of great interest.
A great political reform has taken
place in Porto Rico since Spanish dom
nation ended ON the island ia 1898.
While the leaders of the political par
ties have paid more attention to mere
political advantages than to the great
economic problems of the country, the
great sugar, tobacco and shipbuilding
corporations, as well as financial in
terests have devoted greater attention
to financial power ard scouwalation
Of profits
While the local political parties
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27

The ninth selli-annual convention
of the Ohio State Federation of Ma
chinists which was scheduled to be
held in Cincinnati, but owing to the
epidemic of influenza prevalent in
that city was transferred TO Dayton,
was held in the Dayton Machinists
hall last week with the largest at
tendance in the history of the organi-
zation, there being more than a 100
delegates present.
A new rule governing the meeting
places of the convention was adopted,
it being decided that the fall session
shall occur in the same city as that of
the Ohio State Federation of Labor,
the gatherings to convene on the Sat
urday preceding the big convention.
The first meeting of the year will go
to different cities, the one next spring
to be held in Cincinnati
All the old officers, with the excep-
ton OF George u. Richardson, OF Day
ton, who declined to be a nominee for
secretary treasurer, were reelected.
They are
President, Charles Banks, Toledo;
vice-president, II. L. Reamer, Massil-
Ion; secretary treasurer, G. y. Bran
non; member executive board, Devere
Cooper, Cleveland; F. L. Newman,
Akron, and J D. VanTyle, Toledo.
Many resolutions were adopted,
among them being one fayoring the
straight eight-hour day; endorsing
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27
Ohio MaChinistS
Hold Large And Enthusiastic Meet
ing In Dayton.


government ownership of utilities
home rule in taxation; universal week
" pay day; favoring the plan of send
ing delegates to the labo rcongress in
the Mooney case to be held in Chicago
January IA One resolution had to do
with the Home Guards which seems to
be regarded as the most non-essential
The resolution was endorsed All of
the resolutions having to do with the
legislature Of the state will be looked
after by an agent who will be sent to
Columbus
4 new departure of the Maehinists'
meeting, was the attendance Of two
lady delegates from Elyria, the first
lady delegates ever attending ma
chinists convention, There is a lodge
of machinists in Elyria composed Of
200 women, who receive the same
pay and conditions as the men employ
ed on the same class of work.
The plan to retain the war labor
board after the declaration of peace
was endorsed and congress VIII oe
petitioned to pass such legislation as
may be necessary to bring this about.
Many delegates We're present from
the railroad machinists, who have
heretofore had but small representa-
tion
The meeting was the most success
full ever held and speaks well for the
future of the 1nachinist's who viii soon
have one Of the most influential or
CARNATIONS in the state
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1918-12-27
Foundry Employees

We are in receipt of a communica-
tion from the secretary of the Fountry
Employees Union Loca No Al, stating
that that Organization is still in ex-
istanee ana that they meet on Thurs
day nieb5 No doubt the information
was Near. tc be placed in the roster
of organizations The secretary how
e.er f;.ileo to state how often the
organization meets and in what hall.
If secretary Steig viii kindly give us
this information we viii gladly add
the organization to the roster.