davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
A RESIODELED MONROE
 DOCTRINE,

Addressing group of Mexican edf- tors on a visit to this country Presi- dent Wilson outlined a new policy to be followed by the United States in it's dealings with other Am erican repub- lies. This new policy modif1es the Monroe Doctrine which has been guarded preciously in all our rela- tions with other countries. Said the President:
 The famous Doctrine was adopted without your consent and without the consent of any Central American or South Am erican states. If l may accept ln terms that we so often use in this country, we said: We are going to be your big brother whether you want us to be or not. With his usual precision, the Pres ident went directly to the heart of the matter and pointed out the evil which must be cured if we are to live in peace and perfect understanding with our South Am erican neighbors. They cannot be blamed for having observed us with certain mount of slseptic- ism. They did not ask us to be their "big brother'' and they were justified in their feelings of apprehension that we might kill them with kindness. At the same time enemy agents were al- ways at work to kindle fires of sus- picion in the minds of our neighbors as to our intentions and extensive war preparations. It is particularly happy that the visit of the Mexican editors occurs at this time when Ger man influence is so strong in their native land. When these gentlemen return home they will tell their peo- pie of the earnest desire on the part of the United States to live in accord with Mexico and to join with that country and other American republics in forming an alliance which will be so strong that no outside force will ever dare violate the sovereignty Of any member of it.
 The principal point to be won In our dealings with Mexicans is to gain their trust. President Wilson under stands this fully, for the concluding sentence in his address to the editors was as follows:
 Peace can only come by trust.
 If you can once get a, situation of
 trust then you have got situa-
 ton of permanent peace, There
 fore every one of us it seems to
 me, owe it as a, patriotic duty to
 his own country to plant the
 seeds of trust and confidence in-
 stead of seeds of suspicion.
 The Presidents speech will go a long way toward esta blishing lasting friendship between the two nations.
 That it impressed the Mexican edi- tors strongly is evident from the re- mari, made by one of them yester- dvy Asked what he thought of MT. Wilson's speech this editor respond ed: "Now he is OUR man"
 And yet some of his critics assert that President Wilson is a splendid scholar but no diplomat.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
(New Haven -COurier)

It was made clear to the Justices. and to this the counsel for the Gov ernment agreed. that the law was not to control commerce as between the States of the Union but to regulate in directly but effectively the industrial conditions within a State. The court contended that the effect of the law was to enforce within the borders of a State or of Statee a social policy which these States had repeatedly refused to adopt themselves. It was further contended that the Congress had no power to legislate for unwill
 ing States by reason of the interstate commerce clause of the Constitution.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
DUR FUTURE MERCHANT MARINE.

&airman Hurley of the Shipping ! d, in 9 speech delivered at South l, Indiana, where he addressed graduates of the University of E Dame, predicted that in 1920 American merchant marine will +rise 25,000.0o0 tons. constituting .hrgest comm ercial fleet the world ever known.
 the course of his address Mir. by gave the most detailed out
 of the nations shipbuilding lam which has yet been made F. To buildup this colossal fleet bust expend something like 5 a ns of dollars. but when it is com 1 the United States will have Fy steamer service to Central South America, and will be able ansport the products of Russia he Orient, at the same time as- our manufacturers and the -nment in promoting American
 with Europe.
 years past it has been 8, blot
 this country that 1t possessed srchant marine proportionate to puntry's capacity for production. 9can goods had to be shipped on vessels sailing foreign
 and often American trade was
 entirely dependent upon the
 Of other nations Soon. how
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
Stevenson on the Germans.
(From the London Chronicle. )

(F'rom the London Chronicle.)
 The master failing of the Germans was noted by Robert Louis Steven son in Samoa. "Other whites" he wrote. "take part in our brabbles. while temper holds out, with a cer- tain schoolboy entertainment.
 Tn the Germans alone no trace of humor is to be observed, and their solemnity is accompanied by a touch mess almost beyond belief. Patriotism flies in arms about a hen, and if you comment upon the color of a Dutch mbrelia you have cast a stone against the German emperor.
 T give one instance. typical though extreme. One who had returned from Tutuila on the mail cutter complained of the Vernlin with which she is in- Tested.
 He was suddenly and sharply brought to a stand. The ship of which he spoke, he was reminded. was a German ship .....
 
 It doesn't look like an idle summer editors of the CoDorassionSl
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

The German fleet is reported to be preparing for a new sally into the open seas. The last time this fleet appeared was May 31. 1918. and aft CT the Jutland enga cement the Kali ser announced that his fleet had won great victory. For two whole years the victorious fleet" has not dared to show itself
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
fNew York Tim esl

For those whose motives in oppos- ing Child labor are genuine--based on considerations of humanity, not merely on dislike of competition in the labor market--the decision opens the way rather than closes it. They can continue their movement in the States separately. Or they can pro- duce 3. model statute and seek to have it adopted by as many States as possible. There is no opposition to genuine reform regarding child la bor in upholding the decision as sup porting national interests. There is a, real national danger in the antag- onism sought to be created between State and national interests, and in seeking crosscuts to reforms of any sort in violation of constitutional safeguards Of State or national rights.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
fNew York Sum

It must not be supposed that the Supreme Court of the United States is hostile to legislation for the protec- tion of children because it has ad- Judged the Federal Child Labor law to be unconstitutional and void. All that the decision imports is that un- der the Constitution as 1t is the sub- 5ect is a matter for State regulation and not within the Jurisdiction of Congress.
 It need not be feared however, tn at children will suffer because the great est court in the land has upheld the Constitution as the supreme law. The dire predictions which so often fol- low decisions that are unpopular be- cause they are misund are sel- dom or never realized.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

street to Louis A. Garcia through the Camp Real Estate Co. MT. Garcia is the South American representative of Landers, Frary & Clark He will move his family to this city.
 Girl Scouts, Troop 8, of the Stanley Memoria church will meet Thursday at 7:15 D. m.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

with the statement that "the way American troops have developed as fighters is the most amazing feature of the war" American troops have always been great fighters
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

duainted and in the future I'll write more so that our countrymen in Am erica may know that the Polish Army in France has many heroes.
 I salute,
 SERGT. ANTONI CEBULA.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

The young lady across the way says: People can eat ali the calories they want, but for me, give me. "corned beef and"
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

Just thought of a new headline for that Kaiser gold CD cup story; Pretty Prussian Prize Proves Pewter.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
FACTS AND RANCHES.

Getting crews for subm a rines is one of Germany's difficult jobs We suggest that the crown prince and his five brothers might try a trip in one of those Hun submersibles.- De- trOit Free Press.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

Tn Germany a war loan means that the government is borrowing from the people some of the paper money which it has issued. and will issue more for future borrowing. But that money will never he good for any thing outside Germany.--Albany Journal,
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
COMMUNICATED.
Polish Army in France,

Polish Army in France,
 Hartford Recruiting Office.
 June 16, 1918. Editor of New Britain Herald :- Enclosed you will find letter from a sergeant of the Polish Army in France, Anthony Cebula (previously living in Lowell, Mass) about one of
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

A postal aviator made a flight yes- terday from Boston to New York car rying a, quantity of ''male' including Billy Murray Hub postmaster.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

Milwaukee has again been insult ed. They have taken down the statue of Frederick the Great, which for merly stood on the war college grounds in ashington.-Capper' Weekly.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

"Allies Reca pture Mery,"--Head- line. What was she doing at the front?
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

The Senate got all ''het up' during a debate about open and secret di- plomacy and now no one seems to know just what open diplomacy is.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

The delay in Hindenburg's drive across the river Styx may, be due to the need for hotter fire in the fur mace His Satanic Majesty has gotttn ready for the kajser's chief butcher. Paterson Press-Guardian.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

Dr. Henry van Dyke quotes the Bible to answer the doctrine of the pacitists, The way to answer a pa ciflst with a Bible in 1918 is to hit him over the head with it.--Mont- gOmery Advertiser.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

The railways are having trouble in hauling coal enough Soon they will have trouble enough in hauling 931, 900, 000-b bushel wheat crop. That kind of trouble we can endure.-New York World.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

The torpedoins of the President Lincoln suggests the thought that when returning army transports are used to convey German prisoners of war to this country they may. per haps, be less liable to attack by Ger man subma ines.--Spring gfie1d Union.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

Of course the U-boat business only makes Us madder. And that's a good thing. We need to be made mad Passaic Daily News
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

The principle of free govern ment adheres to the American soil. It is bedded in it, innmut- able as the mountains.
 DANIEL. WEBSTER,
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

Entered at the Post Office at New Britain
 as kecond Class Mail Matter.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

ssusd daily Sunday excepted) at 4:15 D. m.
 at Herald Building, 67 Church St.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12
Britain Herald.

HERALD PUBLISHING COMPANY.
 Proprtetors.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

he onlv profitable advertising medium m the city Circul ation books ana press room always open to advertisers.
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

It doesn't look like an idle summer for the editors of the Congressional
New Britain herald., 1918-06-12

1 i The situation today Is more satis- l factory than at any time since the newest German drive began. Supreme confidence reigns in Paris and that Is a good sign
 "Allies Recapture Mery."-Head- line. What was she doing at the 1 front?
 Just thought of new headline for that Kaiser gold CD cup story: Pretty Prussian Prize Proves Pewter. The young lady across the way says: People can eat all the calories they want, but for me, give me, "corned beef and"
 A postal aviator made a fight yes- terday from, Boston to New York car ] rying a quantity of "male'' including Billy Murray. Hub postmaster The Senate got all ''het up" during a debate about open and secret di- plonacy and now no one seems to know just what open diplomacy is A British staff officer is credited with the statement that the way American troops have developed as fighters is the most amazing feature of the war" American troops have always been great fighters. The German fleet is reported to be preparing for a new sally into the open seas. The last time this fleet appeared was May 31. 1918. and aft CT the Jutland enga cement the Kali ser announced that his fleet had won a great victory. For two whole years the victorious fleet" has not dared to show itself
 FACTS AND RANCHES. :
 Getting crews for subma rines is one of Germany's difficult jobs We suggest that the crown prince and his five brothers might try a trip in one of those Hun submersibles- s-De- troit Free Press.
 Milwaukee has again been insult ed. They have taken down the statue of Frederick the Great which for merly stood on the war college grounds in Washington-Capp Weekly.
 Of course the U- boat business only makes Us madder. And that's a good thing. We need to be made mad Passaic Daily News.
 The railways are having trouble in hauling coal enough. Soon they will have trouble enough in hauling 931, 900, 000- -busllel wheat crop That kind of trouble we can endure-New York World
 The delay in Hindenburg's drive across the river Styx may. be due to the need far a hotter fire in the fur mace His Satanic Majesty has gotttn ready for the kajser's chief butcher. Paterson Press Guardian.
 Dr. Henry van Dyke quotes the Bible to answer the doctrine of the pacit1sts. The way to answer a pa ciflst with a Bible in 1918 is to hit him over the head with it--Mont- gOmery Advertiser.
 The torpedoing of the President Lincoln suggests the thought that when returning army transports are used to convey German prisoners of war to this country they may. per haps, be less liable to attack by Ger man bmarines.-Sprngfe Union.
 Tn Germany 2 war loan means that the government is borrowing from the people some of the paper money which it has issued. and will issue more for future borrowing. But that money will never he good for any thing outside Germany.--Albany Journal,
 THE RHYME OF THE YOUTHFUL
 FARNIERETTE. It is youthful farm merette.
 And she stoppeth one of three. By thy khaki suit and beaming eye,
 Now wherefore stopp'st thou me?' She holds him with her pretty hand,
 There was 9 farm." quoth she. And thus spake on the farmerette,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-06

The whole world was astonished bv
the heroic resistance Of Liege, which
for thirteen days, with only $4,000 men
cone and one-half army divisions). held
back the invading hordes of Huns.
Indeed, Liege was the GRAIN Of
sand" which threw out of gear the
wheels of a most formidable war ma
chime, the construction Of which had
required forty years OF effort
Seven German army CORPS (about
100000 mem were massed along the
route of invasion which was barred by
the fortified position Of Legc.
A detachment Of Germans, having
put on civilian dress, succeeded in
entering Liege, and by treacherous ruse
attempted to assassinate Lieutenant
General Leman in the Offices of his
headquarters. The attempt failed. and
all the Germans who took part in It
were killed. In this affair the Be!pians
unfortunately, lost a very gallant Off
Ger, Captain Commandant Marchant,
After several days of vigorous and
sublime resistance, during which the
Germans lost more than 10000 men
General Leman decided that the forts
could no longer be used except to hold
the enemy temporarily and that the
moment had arrived to order the Third
Division to fall back upon the main
army. He assembled the troops Of
the field army between the forts of
Loncin and Hollogne
On the Sth of August the Third
Division arrived at the River Gette
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-06
people, he has appealed to them,
with what success the $1O,000,OOO or
Sl2,oo0,oo0 pouring weekly into the

people, he has appealed to them,
with what success the $10,000,0OO or
Sl2,000,000 pouring weekly into the
Treasury will best answer"
In all parts of the country the news
papers entered into the novel campaign
with zest. The whole nation became
eloquent with appeals to the patriotism
of the pocketbook, with maxims of
thrift, with lessons in the Fundamental,
economy Of war finance, and in tho
backing Of the war with the savings of
agriculture, industry and CONNER
and with entreaties that those at home
should back up the soldier on the fir
ing line with dollars.
Cities and states competed for honors
IN the subscription lists. The Jay
Cooke agencies sent 1000 men around
lecturing, organizing, supplying the
press with material, placing ADVERTISE
ments and distributing circulars. These
urged upon the public "the desirability
of our own people owning the national
debt"
Movements were reported on bulletin
boards in the largest cities. Totals
were posted each day in the newspa-
pers. The names of subscribers were
published. The dead walls cried Ma
tional Bonds and the trees by the high
way called aloud the nations financial
needs.
In September Of 1863 all the news
papers carried this display ADVERTISE
ment, characteristic of the Cooke cam
paign:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-06

The King greeted their return in an
order of the day, of which the follow
ing is an extract:
"ln the name of the nation | greet
you, officers and soldiers of the Third
Division and 18th Mixed brigade
You have all done your duty, YOU have
upheld the honor Of our army and YOU
have shown the enemy what it costs
unJustly to attack peaceable people,
which finds invincible strength in its
righteous cause. The country NAV we'll
be proud of you"
General Leman retired into the Fort
OF Loncin, where he remained up to
the last moment, to direct and or
game the resistance of the forts.
The forts of Liege, left without sup
port, still held out for long time
The last of them fell on August ~.
1914.
During the days Immediately follow
ing the departure of the Third Diyis-
ion the forts shelled all the enemy
troops which passed within range.
In order to reduce the forts the Ger
mans had recourse to their 28-centi
metre and 42-centimetre guns, and also
to the Austrian 30.5-centimetre guns
The commandment began on August is
about midday. The fort of Loncin'
which was specially bombarded, was
destroyed on August 10.
on thls day at 5:2O p. m. the fort
was blown up by the explosion of a
munltlon magazine which had been
penetrated by a 42-centimetrc she'll.
IN spite of the terrific cannonading
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-06

In the first loan distributions Cooke
risked his private fortune and paio
large sums for advertisements out of
his own pocket. BY this time, how
ever, the Secretary Of the Treasury
recognized the efficiency of advertisins
and of organization and lie allowed
Cooke one-eighth of 1 per cent for
selling the loan. Cooke made nearly
half million out of it, and "The New
York World" demanded to know whv
he should have a monopoly Congress,
too. was captious. But the thrift prop
uganda went on.
"a Word to Gold Hoarders" was on<
of the pertinent captions of Cooke
circular The hoarders began to turn
their hoardings into the laps of the
agents. Even "copperhcad" Baltimorc
and half-rebel Kentucky bought liber-
ally of the bonds. Farmers in Mary
land and in Ohio who had never before
seen bond went into their socks and
under their rafters for their savings.
Said "The Philadelphia Press" in
campaign issue:
"An encouraging feature was the
demand for bonds from sections from
which there had hitherto been no
call for this class of investment,
Maryland, Virginia and the border
states. A soldier in the Army of the
Potomac sent q subscription out of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-06

of the enemy. I, nevertheless, main
tanned the military government of the
place in order that I might organize
It's defence as far as was possible Tor
me and for the sake Of the moral
effect on the Garrlsons of the forts.
That my decision was well founded
vas proved by the grave events that
followed.
Your majesty is aware that took
up my position in the fort of Lonc.n
on the 9th Of August, toward noon
Sire, you yin be grieved to learn
that this fort was blown up about 5: 20,
buryng in its ruins the greater part
OF the garrison, perhaps four-fifths.
II should have lost my life in this
catastrophe had it not been that my
escort, composed of Commander Cap
tain Collard, non-commissioned in
fantry officer, who has no doubt per-
ished; Gendarne Thevenin and my
two orderlies (Ch. Vandenbossche and
Jos. Lecoop), removed me from a part
of the fort where l was in danger Of
asphyxiation by the fumes of the ex-
plosion. | was carried into the trench.
where I fell. A German captain OF
the name of Gruson gave me some
water to drink, but l was made a pris-
oner and then taken to Liege in an
ambulance.
II am confident of having upheld the
honor Of our arms. | surrendered
neither the fortress nor the forts.
III trust, sire, that YOU will be
pleased to pardon the shortcomings of
this letter. | am physically much pros
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-06

ing upon the crest of "Saint Tilment f"
he might have been heard to say. point-
ing to the deep woods OF the Sclessin
Forest and the misty valley of tho
onrthe, 1T is through there they Will
attack u.s."
few weeks after that the Prussian
assault was launched one nirht with
terrific thunder of guns from these
woods Of Sclessin.
Leman was one Of the few Be]pians
who were not at all surprised hv The
outbreak of the war. He knew how
10 carry on this war with all his might.
however, never soldier found HIM
selr IN situation more critical. not
10 say more desperate. Before him.
beyond the misty plains, was the i'm
mense and formidable unknown power
OF most terrible military organiza-
ton. One could not think of it with
out mlsglvng. To stop this force he
could count on no assistance.
He had been Informed that the army
orders for our four divisions contem-
plated concentration upon the River
Gct'c, which was to be only an "obser-
walton position" He knew that the Bel
gian government had informed France
and Great Britain that Belgium would
assure the defence of her fortresses
Moreover. the British army was still
III camp at Aldershot and elsewhere in
Great Britain. AS to the French army.
1T was only in the first days of its
mobilization. 1t was therefore as y
"forlorn hope" that the small garrison
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-06

legal tender. Chase was obliged to re-
sort to forced loan, effected by the
simple expcdient Of issuing paper cur
rency which the government made legal
tender for all debts but government
debts. This legal tender issue, how
ever, bore interest
Congress presently embodied this
plan in a statute and authorized the
Issuance of $150,O00,000 in greenbacks
Tho payment Of specie had been sus-
pended. Gold and silver were boarded
and disappeared as medium of OK
change.
The government paper currency
slumped so per cent below gold par.
Commodity prices rose Flour sold at
$3.50 a barrel. The lower the purchas-
ing power Of this paper currency fell,
the higher went the cost of purchasing
munitions and supplies to carry on the
war. Soldiers were paid in de-
preciated paper money.
Gold became commodity, like
wheat, of fluctuating price and spccu-
latlve interest. Cold pits" took The
place of wheat pits" in the specula-
tive markets. Buying and selling gold
became a speculative frenzy.
With gold quoted at 1873 on foreign
exchange, American exports amounting
to Sl4,39o,o00 brought in only s10,-
$4,000 in gold.
The country seemed flooded with
Federal legal tender and with state
money" issued by the state banks.
which state money Chase now threat
oned to tax out of existence. But
"statc's rights" the very issue upon
which the war was being fought.
proved a stumbling block in the way of
an efficient Federal banking plan.