The public ledger. [volume] (Maysville, Ky.) 1913-1968, 1918-11-21

traceable to occupations when occupa-
tional hazards are understood. 1t has
become evident that the profession of
industrial medicine must be develop
ed, that doctors in plants can assist
workers to protect their health by
preventive far more effectually than
by remedial methods.
The division of Industrial Hygiene
and Medicine will direct the formula
ton of sanitary and health codes for
industries. The direct relation be-
tween health and efficiency is not so
apparent as the results of sudden and
complete disability from accidents.
But the loss from decreased efficiency
ond energy among a number of work
ers extended over long period of
time is far greater than the loss from
accidents. Cooperation with the Unit
ed States Public Health Service will
make possible extensive research
work necessary to establish funda-
mental scientific principles as the
basis for proper working conditions.
In addition to the work which the
United States Public Health Service
will perform for the Working Condi-
tons Service, it is also authorized to
do all inspections and Investigations
into matters pertaining to the sani-
tation of plants engaged in war work
and into the health of workers in such
Industries, and into the sanitation and
housing conditions surrounding the
homes of war workers. In addition,
the Ordnance Department of the War
Department has delegated RESPONSE
bility for mechanical safety in or
nance plants. A field force of special
lists in industrial hygiene, sanitation,
| technically trained and of broad prac-
teal experience, has been organized
which will be under the supervision
| of Bernard ]. Newman. This inspec-
ton force will necessarily develop
data which will be exceedingly valu-
able to the Working Conditions Ser
vice and to the Bureau of Standards
! in the formulation of codes, and will
not only give manufacturers expert
service in ways that will help to in
crease production, but will safeguard
the workers from dangerous health
hazards and occupational injuries.
The Division of Labor Administra-
ton will deal with the attitude and
policies of the management toward
the employed and the personal rela-
lions between employers and employ
ed. 1t is now generally conceded tina
the management in production has :
greater duty than supplying BUILDINGS.
materials, tools, and hiring and dis
chargjpg workers. Once the prinoi-
pies are established that there is
money value to the management in
| longtime service, in maintaining such
relations with employees that they are
willing to continue in service of a
company, and that placing each work.
er where he can do his best work, the
management becomes interested in in
dustrial safety and sanitation and in
the principles of labor administration,
or what Ia commonly known as en-
ployment management There have
been approaches to the study of labor
administration, known variously as
time studies, scientific management,
fatigue studies, motion studies, indus
trial auditing, etc. 1t has been de-
monstrated that proper methods of la
Dor administration result in increased
production and decreased cost. Re-
ducing the labor turnover decreases
cost of production. The Chief of this
Section will be DR.. William M. Lesser
son, of Toledo, Ohio. There are al
ready other, Federal agencies operat-
ing in this field. 1t is the purpose of
the Working Conditions Service to
cooperate with these other agencies
and to supplement their work by seek
ing to organize this developing science
and to secure for all elements con-
cerned representation in the deter
mination of policies and principles.
Labor administration as furthered by
this Service is an engineering pro-
duction problem, modified by the fact
that 1t deals also with human labor
power, which is insparable from hui
man life. 1t is evident that in addi-
tion to the production phases, 1t must
take into consideration all of those
human impulses and motives which
make up the individual and his desire
for progressive acknowledgment.
While labor administration will pro-
fit by the valuable in scientific man
agement and efficiently methods. 1t
will seek TO avoid over-emphasizing
RECOMMENDATION and will endeayor to
make It's primary objective. so far as
the workers are concerned, the. de-
velopment OF individual initiative.
The Division of Safety Engineering
completes the structure OF the Work
Ing Conditions Service. Standards for
mechanical safety have been more