davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
THOUSANDS ARE IN
RAGS, FORCED NOW
TO EAT DRY GRASS
TYPHUS RAVAGES THE COUNTRY
ABETTED BY FILTH AND WANT
Confident That Rumanian Army Will Drive Back Ger
MANS People Refuse to Leave Danger Zone; Chill
dren and Aged Dying From the Lack of Food
and Clothing; Winter Adds to the Horror

bedroom There was no glass in the
windows The roof was full OF holes.
Elsewhere IN the house the open
spaces were stuffed with rags Here
gether under conditions OF squalor
and misery Bags and tattered patch
quilts formed the only covering on the
makeshift beds
Gives An. Gets Nothing.
One Of the inmates was an elderly
woman who had recently lost her hus-
band but whose pride II was to have
three sons serving IN the army. For
this solemn contribution to the cause
OF her country, however, she had not
even the small reward from her gov
eminent Of a decent existence She
had no food beyond a few handfuls OF
cornmeaL She was a spectre OF fam
inc Her face was drawn and Dinched
and her countenance so ineNpressibly
sad that II told its own silent tale OF
the terrible hardships she and her
nine companions in the house were
enduring
One OF her children, a helpless mite
OF 3, lay under the clay stove, in
which there was 4 Feeble fire. slowly
succumbing to pellagra. The other
nine occupants, most OF them child
ren, were pathetic figures OF poverty
and misery.
Typhus RayaEes Land.
There probably are thousands OF
cases equally as extreme OF even
worse The observer could easily see,
with this tragic picture before him,
why typhus had taken such a ter
rible toll OF life last winter. The
houses visited were in most cases
dirty and unsanitary and offered the
most fertile breeding place for YER
min The occupants were so terribly
Impoverished that their feeble bodies
stand the invasion OF even the mildest
OF diseases
In these villages. which often are
only short distance from the area
where military activity is greatest.
and which are subjected almost daily
to shell fire by the Germans, one
would. think that the Inhabitants. fol-
lowing the instinct OF self preserva-
ton. would 90 TO places at least free
from the terrors OF actual warfare;
but with hope borne Of confidence
IN the bravery OF the Rumanian army
and its ability to drive back the Ger
mans, these simple. guilelesS peasants
continue to inger in the danger zones,
believing that soon the German army
VIII be forced to withdraw and that
the population viii be able to return
TO their deserted homes.
Await Victory Over Germans.
On the other hand. there are some
who realize the great jeopardy in
which they are placing themselves BY
staying within the range OF enemy
guns, and they have wisely abandoned
their homes for places AT least re-
moved from the fmminence OF air
plane bomoardment and shell fire. In
these cases II Is q sight deeply i'm
preSsiTs to the American observer 10
see the poor but sagacious peasant
burying in the cold earth his spare
clothes or the household articles
which he treasures most, in order
that they may not fail into the hands
OF the invading Germans and that he
may recover them when the enemy is
driven out-(Correspondence Of The
Associated PresS)
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
BRAZIL ARRESTS
MANY As GERMAN
AGENTS
Spy Scare Spreads Over the
Country Since Nation
Entered the War.
RICH GERMANS GO
INTO ARGENTINA

~ 10 GRANDE DO SUI. Brazil,
X Jan 1s.-Brazil. now that it has
- entered the war. is having its
spy scare and it has become more gen
eral even than in some OF the other
belligerent countries. It is only ne
eessary for person TO be a foreigner
and a stranger in any Brazilian town
to become the object Of suspicious re-
gard by the people and even OF police
surveillance
Orders have gone out from Rio de
Janeiro for the arrest OF large num-
bers OF Germans. many OF whom ap-
pear to be innocent business men, al
though there is no doubt but that Ger
man espionage is well organized in
southern Brazil
AS soon as the government began
these measures of precaution. how
ever. a large number Of rich and we'll
known German business men who
were under suspicion of being Ger
man government agents succeeded in
escaping into the Argentine Republic
with whatever secrets they may have
had
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
STARVING, FREEZING, AWAITS EN-
Italian Women Respond To
Nation s Appeals To Save
Food To Feed The Soldiers
~ c. CIANFARRA.

n ONE, Italy. Jan. 19.-The food
saving campaign is in full
swing, and from the results al
ready obtained it can be said that the
easy going, merry Italian people have
cheerfully submitted to all the restric-
tions the government has deemed II
wise to impose on the consumption
of many articles. which. from time
immemorial, have been the chief in
gredient of the Italian diet.
The movement tending to bring
home to the population the necessity
of eating less and to utilize in more
scientific and rational way the little
that is available under the card sys-
TEN, was started in earnest as
soon as professor Nitti was appointed
treasury minister and the commits
sioner Of supplies placed under his
personal and direct supervision.
Problem Proves Easy.
The alleged unsolvable problem Of
how to induce the average Italian
housewife to abandon the time hon
ord recipes and prepare less eXpen-
sive but as nourishing dishes has
proved the easiest to solve.
Italy has a large rural population
residing in nearly 5000 small towns
and villages. Signor Nitti conceived
the idea to enlist for a successful con-
duct of the food saving campaign the
services Of most of the officials Of
each commune in the pay of either the
state, the province or the commune
itself
The instructions that this vast army
Of workers were to impart to all are
in ministerial circular.
Besides a number of practical direc-
tions on how to prevent wastage Of
any nature, and on how to prepare
new dishes, the circular deals also on
the best way to utilize the products
Of the farms and gardens
Dried Fruit Replaces Spaghetti.
The result OF this part of the cam
paign is that this winter, for the first
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19

time in the memory Of living men, in
thousands of peasants homes and
nuts, the dried fruit soup, for the chill
dren and the women at least, will re-
place the usual spaghetti or rice or
bean soup, which, together with
good thick slice of bread, formed the
chief meal Of the day and was gen
orally eaten in the evening. Dried
bread crumbs. which when bread was
cheaper and abundant, often went into
the domestic animal trough. will also
be utilized and replace rice and flour
products in the daily soup of the
peasant.
In the cities enormous quantities of
cereals are already being saved
through the introduction Of the bread
ticket system for rice and flour prod
ucts. The card, which had been
chiefly devised for bread. is now be-
ing used in many. cities, Rome includ-
ed, for the distribution of these two
articles only. The Italian is above all
chiefly bread eating people, and, in
asmuch as the government never con-
sidered it prudent to restrict the con-
sumption Of bread, especially for the
peasant and the workingman, It did
the next best thing-restricted the
consumption Of flour products. The
reason is obvious. Bread cannot be
boarded up or kept longer than two
days, while spaghetti and rice can be
kept for months without undergoing
any decay.
Limits Spaghetti Ration.
Under the card system the monthly
ration of spaghetti has been limited
to three pounds and a few ounces for
each infant or adult member of the
family, and rice to two pounds and
a few ounces. When it is considered
that last year the monthly con-
sumption of spaghetti averaged. in
many provinces, over ten pounds per
month. it will be easily clear to all
that no stricter measure could be
taken. and that the Italian people Is
bearing more than its share Of sacri-
fees
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
ROSTER Of " IN
PARIS IS LIKE 4
REGISTER
Many Prominent Society
Men and Women Join in
z. M. c. A. War Work.
Y. W. C. A. TAKES
OVER ENTIRE HOTEL
By ERNEST P. ORR.

DARIs, France, Jan. 1s.-The ex-
traordinary activities Of the 7.
NJ c. A and other American re-
lief societies are bringing Americans
by the hundreds to France. The
Rochambeau recently arrived with s4s
American men and women among her
passengers, all Of whom have come
to help out in the war work or pursue
business which even the greatest
struggle the world has ever seen can
Tot interrupt. The Business as
usual Of America has found a strong
Like Social Register.
The roster Of citizens Of the O s A
row in Paris reads like a social reg
lister, only the social functions have
been given over TO useful work for
the troops at the front. Those who
hardly realize how it has enlarged
Its scope and sphere abroad and has
made Itself as much a part Of the
cemps as the hospital and medical
corps.
There are various other organiza-
lions, too, that claim the times OF the
American woman in France, and II
she takes the time for afternoon tea
and relaxation it IS not to the neglect
OF her work to make the task Of the
soldiers lighter.
When the Duryea war relief COM
mittee gave tea to its founder. Mrs.
Duryea, who Is leaving for America.
among those present were Mrs. J.
Borden Hartman, Miss Ethel Harri-
man, Mrs Vincent Astor, Mrs. Lau-
renee V Benet. Mrs. Edward Stur-
tevant and the countess de COetlogon.
There were also many workers from
the Duryea organization and num-
Der OF Y. II. c. A secretaries and
volunteers
No TINE For Sightseeing.
OF the IS most recently arrived 7.
II c. A workers, q Of whom were
women. a number had only a chance
for q fleeing glimpse of Paris be-
fore they were plunged into their
tasks in earnest, being sent down to
Italy as soon as the question Of their
passports was arranged.
George " Bradon, OF Philadelphia,
Mrs. Nagdalene Rose, who was active
in 7. N. c. A. work in New Haven.
Conn: Henry R Spencer, a professor
Of Columbus, o.; H Scarf Thompson,
a minister OF the Presbyterian church
Of Minneapolis; James Cannon, 3D.,
a Methodist-Episcopa minister of
Blackstone Va; Roy John, secretary
OF the Y n c. A at Okemah, Okla;
Hiram Powers, Of Rollins college.
Winter Park, Fla, and Hugh c.
Stuntz, a divinity student Of Evanston,
III. are those who have already start
ed on their trip to the other side Of
the Alps
i. ". c. A. Takes Over New Hotel.
The work Of the = ". C. A in
France has become so extended the
association has been forced to find
larger quarters. A comparatively new
hotel the Petrcgrad. in the center of
the city, has been taken over by the
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
INCREASE
AMONG BOYS Of
.GERNANYALARMS
Much Worse Than Official
Statistics Show, Says
Councillor.
FOOD THEFTS ARE
MOST FREQUENT

= ONDON, Eng Jan 1S--Grave
anxiety is being expressed re-
- garding the rapidly increasing
criminality OF German youth OF both
sexes It is q social phenomenon
which has affected all belligerent
countries. but so far as statistics are
available writers on the subject in
Germany seem agreed that Germany
is in a worse plight than any other
country
The imperial councillor OF justice.
Dr. Neukamp, in addressing a gather
ing Of teachers az Leipsig, stated thas
the real state Of affairs was infinite
y worse than statistics reveal Of
fences, especially Of impurity. which
could not be dealt with by the police.
were OF appalling frequency. He cited
Dresden as an average city, and stated
that the number of convictions OF
youthful persons there had risen from
5l4 in the year before the war to SIS
in 1916, and that the first three
months OF 1911 the number was 267
In Leipzig youthful convictions which
mum hered SIS in 1914 had risen to 500
in 1917.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
British Premier Wife
Urges Women TO Gi0e up
Smoking for Am1u's Sale

London, Eng, Jan 19.-Mrs. Lloyd
George has issued a statement in
which she says that women ought to
give up smoking now that there is a
shortage Of tobacco. Neither Mrs.
Lloyd George nor her daughters have
ever smoked, nor can the practise be
said to have gained Mrs. Lloyd
Georges approval
Men at the front ought not to 90
short Of cigarettes" she said emphati-
cally. They are used to smoking and
it sOothes their nerves during times
Of strain
7 think it would be a shame il our
fighting men were deprived of their
comforts because girls at home won't
give up their cigarette smoking. The
habit is a new one to most women,
and they ought to be willing to sac
rifice it for the soldiers sake"
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19

Y. W c. A. for the duration Of the
war, and will be at the convenience
Of all American girls who have come
to France to do war work
Mrs. s. c. Armstrong of New York,
who was formerly with the Hampton
Institute Of Virginia, will have charge
Of the active management and will
act as hostess, while Miss Mabel Lit
tie also Of New York. who is a pro-
fessional dietician, will supervise the
running of the dining rooms. Miss
Little had charge of the dining rooms
at Cornell before coming to France.
American women can be sure of a
warm reception in a hotel devoted ex-
clusively to their uses as soon as the
present tenants Of the hosiery have
vacated.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19

minish, and that. in Italy at least
these problems demanded Immediate
solution if the country is to be saved
from economic ruin
Wheat Million Tons short.
The fact is" Prof. Marenghi said,
that we have been too slow in reaIiz-
ing that the question OF food supplies
Is nearly as important for the internal
front as that of munitions and guns
is for the war front. The result was
that last year We produced 10000 900
tons less wheat than in any year
since 1909 The causes Of this shrink
age are chiefly two: first, the smaller
acreage sown, and. second. the poor
yield OF each acre, owing to bad
weather and imperfect farming.
This considerable reduction in the
acreage sown is explained by the re-
call under the colors Of nearly one
half Of the total number of the agri-
cultural male population Of the coun-
Another fact that accounts for the
reduction Of the cultivated area is
the requisition Of horned cattle for
the army. which in two years took
away from the farms 1.23S,S72 head,
Of which 100000 were pillow oxen.
Men Released For Farm Work.
The work Of remedying all that
began under the past cabinet. As
soon as It became clear that lack of
farm labor was in part responsible
for the poor crop, and that in order
to increase the production OF cereals,
a good number of the tillers Of the
land should be sent home from the
front, the then minister, SignOr Raj
neri. asked the general staff to eS-
empt from military duties all the
farmers belonging to the older
classes. The recent events at the
front have compelled Gen Diaz to
reconsider all the decisions taken
concerning the discharge of the older
classes and also hasten the new
medical visits OF the recruits already
declared unfit for military duty"
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
T AssY. Rumania. June 1s.-Extren

T ASSY, Rumania, June 19.-Extreme
poverty and suffering exists
- among refugees and peasants in
the little mountain villages that are
so numerous Just back Of the Ruman-
ian-German battle line. In a large
number OF cases the refugees are
without shoes and without shelter Of
any kind, many Of them being COM
PEELED to live in the fields and to en-
dure the exposure Of the prevailing
cold. Often their clothing consists
only Of few thin ragged cotton gar
ments that give scarcely any warmth
to their wasted bodies. Their stu
alton is rendered the more precarious
by the fact that the districts in which
they are living are subject to frequent
artillery fire and to bombing by air
planes.
Those who are fortunate enough to
have even the poor comfort Of shelter
in the shattered adobe houses that re-
main standing are in almost every in
stance living under conditions OF the
most wretched misery. Forced sud
denly by the exigencies OF the mill
tary situation tC abandon their for
mer homes, they have found even
severer hardships awaiting them in
have fed for in these small villages
there is neither anything to sustain
life nor that medical care which often
would save life. All doctors are needed
on the front, and these unfortunate
people, who might otherwise be use
ful factors to society If properly
cared for, are left either TO struggle
alone with the ravages Of famine and
disease, or to die Of starvation
Eat wild Grass.
II wrHT nrzIa
peasants receive bread twice a week;
in others none at all. II is true that
a scant supply OF corn meal Is obtain
able by application to government
agencies, but this slender staple for
every meal is not calculated to give
strength and sustenance to people al
ready reduced 10 the last extremity OF
restitution by the loss Of their mater
rial belongings and the financial sup
port usually given them by husbands
or sons or brothers now serving their
country. In two instances refugees
v ere observed picking in the fields a
kind OF wild grass, which they eat,
but which in America we would think
only Of feeding to cattle.
Little Children Starving.
The most pathetic case Of suffering
and want was witnessed in the little
village OF Seltiu, in the district OF
Putna- In squalid shack OF wood
and mud we're three little children on
the point OF exhaustion for lack OF
proper care and food. They were or
chans. The mother had lately died OF
typhuss which has blighted nearly the
whole OF Rumania; the father was
serving at the front, and a little girl
of 10 was acting as mother to two
tiny tots OF 4 and Z. The youngest
child was lying helpless on a bag on a
stone floor, a tragic spectacle OF fam
inc and disease
A second case. which was only
typical OF numberless others. was OBJ
served in a dilapidated house no
larger than the ordinary American
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
No Ticket or Cash, No
MIL. New London Rule

London. Eng, Jan. 19.-Books of
milk tickets purchased beforehand
and exchanged for different quanti-
ties OF milk are being issued by the
Working Food committee, and all
milk must be paid for by ticket or
cash on delivery and placed in GUS
toners own receptacle TO save book
keeping and washing labor.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
Woman, frightened By
Air Raids, Spends Her
Last Penny For Poison

London, Eng, Jan 19.-Sixty years
old, Alice Price, inmate of the Philan-
thropic Home for Women, Southwark,
being worried by air raids and hav-
ing lost all her money except a pen
ny. spent that penny on poison.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
Germans Fail to Kill U. S. Officers
-:H:- -:H:- -:l:- -:H:- -:n:-
Bomb and Shell Americans Repeatedly

ONDON IA party army recently
IL them the beginning They
heId the Of their
travelling the boat and bombed
channel had
they London shortly after raid warning
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
Porto Rico Cigar Makers Strike Ends
Six SIX -:I:- -:l:- -:l:-
$4,000 Are Back at Work in 10 Factories

CNAN JUAN Porto Rico jan
workers have returned to work the 10 factories Of the Porto Rean
- American Tobacco
ment with Officers OF the This ends the largest and
the island
the strppers granted
creased wage viii o more 100000 per year
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19

RJezzESS-oE SL-TITEIs14AlJIo
0ND0N
tful
England's titled
feelings humbest
England whole into the
their sacrifice evidenced the days citations casualty
lists. The also doing their
Few Of Englans prominent not enrolled and actively working
others that Bna standing
proportion
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19

minish. and that, in Italy at least,
these problems demanded immediate
solution if the country is to be saved
from economic ruin
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
BACK To FARM MOVEMENT
IS GROWING AMONG ITALIANS
Shortage of Million Tons in Wheat Crop Causes People
to Realize Necessity for Greater Effort; Older Men
in Army Released to Do Farm Work; Nation
Must Feed Itself in War and Afterwards.
d c. CIANFARRA.

. ONE. Italy. Jan. 1s.-The back
X to the farm" movement. which
- - --a- rnr-rnhna +h-n..ntn.-+ Ill
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-19
V'B[ANG15 READY
A.F0R RETURN To
l.URUGUAY SOON
lTore Than 1900 Have
Been Waiting Along the
Border in Brazil.
HAVE HAD GUNS
READY FOR FIGHT

RONTEVIDEo. Uruguay, Jan. 19.
MI Thousands Of revolutionists,
The Washington herald., 1918-05-18
Cartoonist Congressman
Makes Kaiser Of Lemon;
Then Talks to "Boys'

Kaiser william may not be a lemon.
but a lemon may develop into the
Kaiser. Yesterday Representative J.
NJ. Baer. of South Dakota, the House
cartoonist. showed a group OF SOL
diers at the Y. NJ. c. A. hut at Camp
Meigs how IL could be done. Under
Mr. Bears pencil an innocent-appear-
ing lemon became the Kaiser. and a
, blood-thirsty bulldog, Won Hinden-
berg.
Mr.. Bser spoke briefly to the men
on their duty as Christian soldiers,
and on their country's duty to them.
I'VE want you to feel" he said. that
while you are making the world safe
for democracy. We are keeping demOc-
racy fit for the world" He urged
them to come back from the battle
field with higher ideals of manhood
and Christianity. You are fighting
for democracy" he continued, land
Christianity is the soul Of democ-
racy."
At the close Of his talk he called
upon the men to ask for cartoons of
various men in public life. At their
request he drew Wilson. Roosevelt,
and Daddy Miller. the camps re-
ligious worker.
The Washington herald., 1918-05-18
PURELY PERSONAL.

Charles Palmer has enlisted In the
nited States Naval Reserve Force
and is now at his station in Philadel-
Phia.
Mrs. George Curry Is visiting rela-
tives at her former home in West
minister. Md.
John Dudley has returned from
Swarthmore University for the sum-
mer vacation.
Maurice Rackey is in Casualty Hos
pital with a fractured ankle as the
result Of street car accident yes
terday
Howard Grover is recovering from
severe illness.
Albert o. Pierro is out of town on
business.
Clifford Koester. of Georgetown, an
apprentice seaman stationed at Phil
adelphla, is visiting his home here
Charles L. Turren. of Cambridge,
Md. is in the city for a few days.
Martin X. Campbell. Of the General
Land Office. is on sick leave.
Floyd S. Emerson, of the Govern
nent Printing office, has resigned.
HSStio 4h. c"SnS, OI tn6 treasury
Department. is in Buffalo, N. Y, on
departmental business.
Vernon ]. Bourke has received an
appointment as messenger in the pat
ent office.
Ferguson Fague. son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Thomas W. Fague, 942 o street,
a sergeant in the 332nd Field Artil-
lery, has been designated to attend
the fourth officers training camp at
Camp Grant Rockford. i'll. This camp
began May Is.
Miss Dorothy Hadley has returned
home from a weeks visit with friends
in Montrose, Pa.
Rev. j. Quincy Smythe. pastor of
the Unitarian Church at Trinity Cen
ter. Cal, has returned to his pastor
ate after a BRIEF visit here.
Jonathan d. Spencer. of the interior
Department, is on sick leave.
Dwight ]. King has resumed his
studies at one of the local schools
after his recent illness.
Mrs Maize X. Barnes, wife of DR..
Clinton. T. Barnes, of the Medical
Corps. has returned home from a visit
with friends at Atlantic City.
]. Arthur Madison, executive secre-
tary of the Deep Gravel Mining Com
pany. of Deadwood. s. Oak, is a
visitor here.