davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
Fertilizers for Rogue
River Valley Soils
(By Prof. F. c. Reimer)

One of the greatest (perhaps the
greatest) problems confronting the
American people, in fact the whole
allied world, is that of increasing food
production in America. 1t is general
feed our own people and also the
allies to a far greater extent than
ever before.
There are several ways of increas-
ing food production. First by better
preparation of the soil, such as deep
er plowing, thorough discing and har-
rowing. Second, by using better seed,
ar better varieties, better grades of
seed, and seed free from disease.
Third, improved methods of planting,
using a seed drill instead of broad
casting by hand. Fourth, thorough
cultivation of the crop, maintaining
q good dust mulch and destroying all
weeds. Fifth, by irrigation; many Of
the yields could be increased SO per-
cent and, in some cases, more than
100 percent. Sixth, by more thor
ough and timely spraying, reducing
insects and disease to a minimum.
Seventh by planting all available and
suitable land to the standard crops
which are in greatest demand, as
wheat. Eighth, by removing unprof-
liable orchards from unsuitable land
and planting to such standard crops
as it will produce most profitably.
One of the most effective ways Of
increasing the food supply is to en-
rich the land, wherever necessary,
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28

fore the public much in fraterna!
work and is a good talker Her visit
will be of much benefit to Acorn Cir
Gle.
There was present large delega-
tion of members from Phoenix and
visiting members from Sisson and
Reddlng, Cal.
The remarks by Mrs. Mary Carey
and other visiting members were
much appreciated.
Mrs. Mabel Al. Roberts and Mrs.
Ida A. Potter, hostesses for the even
ing, served delicious refreshments in
the banquet hall. All greatly enjoyed
the storytelling of Grand Manager
Minnie Hiner, Rev. P X. Hammond
and L. A. Roberts.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
BOARD TO EXAMINE
MEN FOR THE NAVY

A board to examine enlisted men
for the naval reserve force appoint
ment as warrant officers and ensigns
has been appointed by the command
ant OF the thirteenth naval district,
and will meet the first week in April.
This is in line with the policy re-
Gently established by the navy de-
partment to select all future officers
from the ranks Of the enlisted men.
The beneficial effect of this step has
been clearly shown in the past and
the number of men applying for the
examination is steadily increasing.
A large number of petty officers
will be advanced to warrant ranks.
the warrants they replace being Civ
en- commissions, and many will lump
direct from the rating of petty Of
ficer to commissions.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28

1t will be noted from this that most
of these crops use far more nitrogen
than either of the other two ele-
ments; that alfalfa, cabbage and tur-
nips use more sulfur than phosphor-
GUS, and that sulfur is used in COM
paratively small amounts by most Of
the other crops.
1t is very evident that alfalfa and
clover use enormous quantities of nj
trogen For this reason it is centain-
ly very fortunate thing that these
two plants can take nitrogen from the
air. At the present price of nitrogen
fertilizers it would probably not be
profitable to grow alfalfa and clover
if it were necessary to purchase the
nitrogen for these two crops in the
form Of commercial fertilizers. The
only fertilizer that needs be pur-
chased at the present for alfalfa is
sulfur in most cases, and, in addition,
on some soils. Fortunate
ly these two fertilizers can be pur-
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
NeighbOrs of WOodcraft.

Members and visitors of Acorn Cir
Gle at l. o. o, F. hall Saturday even
ing, March 2S, were much disappoint-
ed in not having the privilege Of
meeting and greeting the much-be-
loved grand guardian, c. c. Van Ors-
DALI Her deputy, Grand Manager
Minnie Hiner, of Los Angeles, who
was present, informed the circle i'll
health prevented the grand guardian
from being present on this date, and
at some time in the near future the
grand guardian would visit Acorn
Circle-just drop in when they were
not expecting her.
Grand Manager Hiner explained the
many important measures adopted by
the last session of the Grand Circle.
including juvenile insurance. She
also told all about the splendid finan-
cial condition of the order, the large
membership and the patriotic work
being done by the order in many
ways, one OF them the sale of war
thrift and war savings certificate
stamps, as special agent Of the gov
ernment. Mrs. Hiner has been be-
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28

the Twins by Dick Posey, was anus
ing and well given, and vocal solo
by j. G. Anderson was excellent and
enjoyed by every one. Prorf. F. G..
Reimer of the Southern Oregon Ex-
pertinent Station held the closest at
tention while he unfolded and gave
clever insight into the workings of
China, Japan and Corea. Prof.
Reimer has lately returned from an
extended tour of these countries. He
touched on the Boxer uprising of
1900, money exchange, religion, gods
and devils, inns, honesty, food and
the great walls of China, the dress,
customs, crops and food of Japan,
and drew vivid picture of the mode
of taking bath-whether you want
to or not-in that country. Mr..
Shinn of the Commercial Club made
a few remarks and called for volun-
teers for the third Liberty Loan
drive. Mayor Lamkin drafted a few
into service.
After the singing of "The Star
Spangled Banner" by the audience,
coffee and doughnuts were served to
all present.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
CAR SHORTAGE MAY
BE ACUTE ON COAST

Warning that there may be an
acute car shortage on the Pacific
coast when eastern roads begin to
life their embargoes, If shippers re-
lax in their efforts to cooperate in
car saving, is given by western carri-
ers.~ The San Francisco and Seattle
Car Service Committees are urging
on the public to continue to load and
unload cars promptly and to load to
full capacity.
A poster appeal on the same sub
ject has been sent out all over the
country by the National Industrial
Traffic League, an organization made
up of the traffic managers of the ma
tion's various industries. Over the
names of G. NJ Freer, its president,
and o. F. Bell, its secretary, the
league says;
you can help win the war by con-
serving transportation facilities.
Transportation is the life blood
OF the nation.
Make one freight car do the work
of two, by loading and unloading
cars promptly; loading cars to their
full safe carrying capacity; double
loading; ordering only enough cars
to take care of your immediate
needs; furnishing specific instruc-
tions as to delivery desired; ordering
in maximum quantities capacity
whenever possible"
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
BirthdaY Party.

Mrs. n. F. Wilson of 1872 Seventh
street gave a party Tuesday in honor
of the fourth birthday of her little
grandson, Paul Sousa. Refreshments
we're served at a table decorated with
small flags and Easter eggs, and
graced with large birthday cake
with four candles. The guest list of
small tots was composed of Doris and
Marion Hitchcock, June and Cleo
Sherrod, Pauline McMickle, Ethel
Richards, Waldo Trusty, Ward Jen-
nings and Cecil Rouse. Others pres
ent were Mr.. and Mrs, j. P. Sayles,
great-grandparents of Paul Sousa;
Mrs. Dora Young, Mrs. George Robi-
son, Mrs. E. D. Jennings, Mrs. E. NJ.
Rouse, Bonnis Jennings, Mr.. and Mrs,
n, F. Wilson.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
Birthday Party.

On Friday evening birthday party
was given at the home of DR.. and
Mrs. Buchanan in honor of their son
Bon and daughter Kee, the occasion
being to celebrate their fifteenth and
sixteenth birthdays. The color
scheme was yellow and was carried
out both in the room decoration and
refreshments. Lively games and mu-
sic were features of the program.
Those present were Etha Abbott, Eliz-
abeth and Trona Lennox, Alice and
Thetha Slingerland, Ruth Eske, Ern-
est Cooper, Isaac Childreth, Otis
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
Musicale Saturday Night.

Mrs. Mamie NJ. Stevenson of Port
land, who is singing at the Christian
church in a pre-Easter service, will
give popular concert of music Sat-
urday evening. The songs will range
from such classic pieces as "The Cen
tie Lark" by Bishop, to folk songs
and plantation melodies. These songs
will be interspersed with readings by
Mrs. Stevenson. Miss Kraemer will
assist Mrs. Stevenson in song and
Mrs. Mellinger with a reading. No
admission will be charged, but free
will offering will be taken at the
close of the concert. This will be to
defray the expenses of the meeting.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
LONE STAR STATE IN
TEN-MILE DRY ZONE

The Texas house and senate have
ratified the federal amendment TO
the constitution, making a ten-mile
dry zone around army camps in the
state. Texas is the eighth state to
ratify the amendment. 1t is esti-
mated that this ten-mile dry zone
will eliminate between 1000 and
1900 of the 1000 saloons that are
now operating in the state. The
measure becomes effective April l.
The ten-mile dry zone law prohib-
its the sale of liquor by any person
in the state of Texas within ten miles
of any army camp where soldiers Of
the United States army or marines
are being trained for military service
in time of war, and makes single
sale punishable as a felony. 1t also
makes bootlegging anywhere in the
state a felony and also makes 1t
felony to sell liquor to any one en-
gagged, employed or enlisted in the
military or navy service of the United
States, in uniform. 1t makes it a
felony for any person directly or in
directly to purchase or procure liquor
for any soldier or give liquor to any
soldier whether he is in uniform or
not. 1t makes it felony for any
person to make an engagement for
or bring together any soldier and
any woman of questionable charac-
ter.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
Young People Married Saturday.

George w. Trefren, a well-known
young man of Neil Creek, and Miss
Nae W. Conner of South Ashland
were united in marriage at the resi-
dence of L. S. Carpenter on Second
street Saturday evening, Rev. w. T..
Van Scoy officiating. The ceremony
took place in the presence of the par
ents and grandparents of the bride
and few other relatives. The young
people left for a two weeks honey
moon at Butte Falls, after which they
will make their home in the vicinity
of Ashland.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
. %%%~~~~%~~~%%~%& .
Civic Improvement Club.

The Women's Civic Improvement
Club and Commercial Club held a
joint meeting at Auxiliary hall Tues
day evening. The attendance was not
as large as expected, but the hall was
comfortably filled and the program
was interesting and instructive The
instrumental music by DR.. and Mrs.
Woods and family was splendid and
deserved unusual praise. Mrs. d. Pc
rozzi presented the normal school
question in striking and forceful
manner. The reading, "a Story of
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28

The name of the young man who
became mentally unbalanced last
week was Richard Weber instead of
Herbert the latter being the name
of brother. This unfortunate
young man had been working in Hit
for two weeks, and had returned to
Ashland a few days previous to the
time it was noticed that his mind
had become affected. He was taken
to hospital in Yreka and later to
Stockton for treatment.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
Gave Dinner for Teacher.

The teachers of the Junior high
school gave a dinner Tuesday even
ing in honor of Miss Ila Myers, who
leaves soon for Eugene, where she
has accepted a position as teacher.
About twenty teachers and friends
gathered at the home of Miss Ger
trude Engle, principal of the schools,
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
In the Social Realm
o ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CLUB CALENDAR.

o Civic-Second and fourth Tues
. days.
o Auxiliary - Every alternate
o Monday evening.
. Junior High School Parent
. Teacher-Third Tuesday.
. Hawthorne School Parent
o Teacher-Third Tuesday.
o Sunshine-Second and fourth
o Thursdays.
o Wednesday Afternoon-Second
D and fourth Wednesdays.
o Trinity Guild - Second and
o. fourth Thursdays.
. W. r. C.-First and third Sat-
= urdays.
3 Monday Afternoon Study-Al-
. ternate Mondays.
o Chautauqua-Monday evening.
o Chautauqua-Monday afternoon.
8 w. C. T. U.-Second and fourth 4
o Tuesdays.
@ Home Guard-Tuesday evening.
y Eastern Star Embroidery-Sec-
. ond and fourth Tuesdays.
. Teacup-First Tuesday.
. Travelers-Second Tuesday.
. Rebekah Embroidery-Second
. and fourth Thursdays.
D Christian Aid - Second and
q fourth Thursdays.
. Choral Society-Every Tuesday
d evening.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
Ladies' Auxiliary Club.

The Ladies Auxiliary Club will
hold its regular meeting at Auxiliary
hall next Monday evening. A special
entertainment will be given, at which
all members are urged to be present.
The hostesses of the evening will be
Mrs. NJ. F. Cyester, Mrs. George eyes
ter and Mrs. William Myers.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
chased at very reasonable prices.

chased at very reasonable prices.
None of the other plants listed can
obtain nitrogen from the air, and
wherever any of these three elements
are deficient in the soil they must be
supplied either in the form of COM
mercial fertilizers or stable manure,
If maximum crops are desired.
In nutshell, then, by far the most
important fertilizer needed by alfalfa
clover, beans, cabbage and turnips is
one rich in sulfur. And by far the
most important fertilizer needed by
the other crops listed is some fertiliz-
er rich in nitrogen.
The following gives the composition
of the various fertilizers supplying
these elements:
Gypsum or land plaster supplies
1886 pounds of sulfur to the ton.
Superphosphate supplies 243
pounds Of sulfur and 1S1 pounds of
phosphorus to the ton.
Nitrate or soda supplies 3O6 pounds
of nitrogen to the ton; nitrate Of lime
supplies 260 pounds; dried blood sup
plies 2S0 pounds; dried blood sup
supplies 400 pounds; stable manure
supplies 10 pounds.
The composition of stable manure
varies considerably. The above rep
resents the amount of nitrogen in an
average sample. Where the animals
have been fed such rich feeds as al
falfa hay and barley or corn the ma.
nure often contains as much as 20
pounds of nitrogen per ton, worth at
present price of fertilizers S. per ton.
In addition, manure is rich in potas-
SUM and contains some phosphorus.
Manure is largely composed of humus.
and this Is probably the most valu-
able constituent of soils. 1t is humus
which makes stable manure such
valuable and desirable fertilizer.
Humus helps to keep the soil in prop
er physical condition.
We have obtained phenomenal in
creases in the yield of alfalfa by the
application of 100 pounds of sulfur
per acre; also by the application of
900 pounds of either gypsum or su-
perphosphate per acre. These are the
three best fertilizers for alfalfa.
Whenever the pure sulfur is used it
should be applied in the fall, as 1t
will then give better results the first
year than when applied in the spring.
Gypsum and superphosphate give bet
ter results than pure sulfur the first
year, if applied in the spring. On
very poor soil, superphosphate gives
better results than either pure sulfur
or gypsum.
Nitrate OF soda has given US the
best results with fruit trees. We rec
ommend this at the rate of 800
pounds per acre. Stable manure
should be used at the rate of 10 to
20 tons per acre, depending on con-
ditions. 1t deteriorates rapidly in the
barnyard and should be applied to
the land as soon as possible after it is
made.
Nitrate of lime and sulphate of
ammonia have also given us excellent
results on fruit trees. Dried blood is
rich in nitrogen and has given us fair
results when used on fruit trees.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28

Johnson and Miss Georgia Whillock
of Medford, the latter being the only
out-of-town guest
On the evening before, Miss Kee
Buchanan was pleasantly surprised
with a visit from her Sunday school
class of about a dozen young girls
coming in Unexpectedly, bringing a
treat of candy with them.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
with plant food. This manure and

with plant food. This manure ant
the growing of leguminous crops.
To use commercial fertilizers intel
ligently it is necessary to know wha
elements arc necessary for plan
growth, what the various plants us'
in greatest quantity, what the various
fertilizers contain and what elements
are likely to be deficient in the soil
AS fertilizers are expensive, they
should not be used in haphazarC
way, as this will often prove an un
profitable investment.
All plants require all OF the follow
| ing elements for growth: Nitrogen
PHOSPHORUS, sulfur, potassium, mag
nesium, iron, oxygen, hydrogen, car
bon and calcium. Some Of these are
used by plants in far greater quantity
than others, but every one is abso
lutely necessary. No plant can make
any growth if a single one of these
is lacking, and some of these must be
present in the soil in considerable
quantities to produce abundant crops
More than half of these elements
can be disregarded by the farmer in
southern Oregon because they are al
ways present in great abundance.
Oxygen and hydrogen are obtained
from the water in the soil, and wher-
ever there is. sufficient moisture in
the soil the plants get an abundance
of these two elements. Carbon is OBJ
tanned from the air and there is al
ways an abundance. Iron, magne-
sium, calcium and potassium are pres.
ent in sufficient quantities in all OF
our soils.
The elements, then, which our
farmers must consider very seriously
and which must often be added to our
soils are only three: Nitrogen, sui
fur, and in some cases phosphorus.
These elements are not of equal i'm
portance for all crops and on all
soils. Some crops require far more
nitrogen than others. Some require
large quantities of sulfur, while 9TH
ers require very little. Another very
important fact is that the crops
known as legumes, including alfalfa,
clover vetch, beans and peas, can OBJ
tain all of their nitrogen from the
air in the soil when the soil is proper
ly inoculated with the bacteria which
form nodules on their roots. To
these crops, then, nitrogen need not
be added in the form of fertilizers.
Furthermore, these crops leave part
of the nitrogen which they take from
the air in the soil which can be used
by other crops which follow these le-
gumes. For example, it is well known
that, when an alfalfa or clover field
is plowed up and planted to wheat or
corn, splendid crops are usually pro-
duced. This is due to the fact that
the alfalfa or clover have left large
quantities of nitrogen in the soil
which is taken up by the succeeding
crops. Hence, a field which has
grown these legumes for some time
does not need fertilizing with nitro
gen for at least two or three seasons.
The following table shows the
quantities of plant food removed by
some of our important crops. l am
giving amounts Of only those elements
which need be considered when using
fertilizers in this valley. Amounts
removed per acre:
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28
Teacup Club.

The April meeting of the Teacup
Club will be held on the first Tues
day of the month at the residence of
Mrs, F. S. Engle, 534 Boulevard.
The following women will serve as
hostesses: Mrs. Angie Engle, Mrs.
F. S. Engle, Mrs. Charles Spindler,
Mra C. F. Shepherd, Mrs. ]. F. Car
los and Miss Gertrude Engle. iAll
members and friends are asked to
attend.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28

A large number of the presidents
flag day address with Evidence of
Germans Plans" have been received
at the public library, and are for free
distribution to any wishing a copy.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1918-03-28

where a course dinner was served.
Miss Myers was presented with a gift
as remembrance from her associates
in the Ashland schools.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-06
METROPOLITAN AGENTS
TO SELL WAR STAMPS
director Ltchford Tells Them lie Is
Disappointed at Half-Hcartcd
support i'm Richmond

More than 100 Richmond and Pc
tersburg agents of the metropolitan
Life Insurance company met here
Thursday in the Office of the local
insurance agent An address was
made by Z. NJ Iitchford war saw
ings campaign director for Richmond
tie said the meeting was the first Of
series to be held throughout tho
south to advance the task under
taken by the company in the sale Of
war savings stamps and the awaken
ing or The nation to the critical sitra
non which now exists. The companV,
mas pledge itself 70 SELF through ia
a gents $4,000 ,0oo in stamps and
about $1,000 oo of this sum will be
sold in Virginia.
Mr. fdtchford said that whereas il
cost the American people but s2s
3oo,Oeo,0o0 to defray the cost Of the
government. during the history Of
me republic It ts costing a total Of
@V'VVo'ooo,0Oo TO protect the coun-
try in tho present year. He said he
was disappointed with the apnorent
support given the war
81 wings campaign In Richmond as
evidenced ut the time of the thrtft
parade held recently at which time
ne asserted. com paratlvelv small
1nnb Der Of mon wore twenty five cont
tags 20 show their support Of the
nation, He told of the necessity for
self denial saying:
~ Is just ms necessary TO have the
81 saving Of the working men wornon
md children as the 100000 loer
u the millionaire and we have
. answer the appeal to give alb
resident Wilson pledged several !
months aEo Wo may even he called |
'pon 10 sacrifice the %>st dollar. a.
10 offered 20 do: but prov Cod we
nay not have 70 sacrifice the last |!
nan he more dollars we are will
ne to sacrifice the fewer lives VIC
yili forced 10 lose" he said.
Tho agents reported Yesterday that I
q los and Pledges already total about |
@'eh"H. Among the men who had I
made patriotic addresses at different !
meetings were: ]. F. Kavanaurb.
'c' president Of the company: W. II.
.teWart superintendent Of agents Of
ne East; and r. IT. Wilks. suneriu- I
endent Of gents IN the North west
10Th Mr. Stewart and Mr.. Wilks will
our western parts OF Virginia and
ddress patriotic meetings
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-04-06
L. S. Circuit Court of Appoals.

The United States circuit court Of
appeals reconvened yesterday morn
Ing at o o'clock, with the following
Judges and officials in attendance.
Circuit Judges Martin A Knapp and
Charles a. Woods District Judge
John c. Rose, Clerk Claude ". Dean
and L. s. Marshal John G. Saunders.
Case argued
No. 1891. Western Union Tele-
graph company, plaintiff in error. vs..
6. #. Thomasson, defendant in error:
error TO the t. s. district court AZ
Richmond, va. Argued by Mr.. Leon
T. Seawell, of Norfolk. Va. for the
plaintiff in error, and by Mr. NJ J.
Fulton, of Richmond Va, for the
defendant In error. and submitted
Conference today.
Saturday being Conference Day, the
court Will not hear arguments in
cases tomorrow. but Will 90 into CON
ference upon cases heretofore argued
and remaining undecided