davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-06-02

The United States dollar contains 1922
grains of gold and 258 grains of alloy,
making total weight of 25.8 grams,
or .667 grams, and its fneness is 800
Gold coins of all nations, under nor
NAL conditions, are exchangeable on
the basis of their fine gold content:
"a broad outlook on modern mining
and study of the output curves
of metals since the discovery OF
gold in California in 1913; Aus
tralia 1851, and Transvaal 1885. IN
dictate that big mining is surprisingly
modern and that the great output OF
other minerals has been pioneered by
gold. Until the last few years gold
outputs have shown parallelism with
those of coal, iron and copper; with
the growth Of railways and the de.
posits in our banks. 1t would appear
that gold output has about reached its
zenith, and is now giving indications
of future decline, as the returns OF
the last ten years show
"Gold has been mined in sixty diff
ferent countries, and in all the CONT
nents of the world. 1t has been found
in the oldest rocks, and thus in almost
all subsequent geological formations
Traces of gold have been proved tt
exist in sea water, SO the distribution
Of gold is most widely spread, but
never in great quantity compared tc
other metals. Exceptional occurrence
and favorable natural and commercial,
conditions are required for its profit.
able extraction.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-06-02

duction for 1915 was s1s,977 9o1, and
that for 1916 $19,234, 976. The war con-
ditions are unfavorable for exploita
ton or search for new discovery. The
extent of territory and natural condi-
tons, however, are such as to give hope
of greater future outputs.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-06-02
The Output in
Various Countries

"The relative production of gold
from all countries is given in percent
ages for the prewar year 1918, and on
war basis the countries can be clas-
sihed as Allies, Central Powers and
neutrals, with percentages as follows:
Allies, 91.3 per cent; Central Powers,
0.6 per cent; neutrals, 81 per cent. Of
the Allies, it is seen that Great Britain,
with her colonies and dependencies,
produced 62.6 per cent; the United
States, 1913 per cent, and Russia, So
per cent. The principal gold producers
of the world rank in order thus: Trans
vaal, United States, Australia, Russia,
Canada and Rhodesia. Australias gold
output from 1851 to 1908 amounted to
approximately $2,060,000, 900. The out
put In 1903 was about $87,0000OO, and
since then production has decreased
gradually, until in 1915 it amounted to
only about s89,00O,00O, or as per cent
of the production in 1903. There is at
present no indication of any large in
crease of output in the future. The
Canadian gold output was very small in
1891, but mounted rapidly until 1900,
when the Yukon placer workings
seemed to have reached their maxi
mum; in that year the Canadian fields
produced $2S,000,0O0. Since 1900 there
has been fuctuating downward ten
dency. The years 1915 and 1916, how
ever, showed some increase; the pro-
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18

Virginia. in Circuit Court OF the
CITY of Alexandria, the LIST day u
February, 1918.
Eta NJ. Robinson, Complainant.
against Magnus L. Robinson, Jr. Dc
PENDANT. In Chancery.
The object of this suit is to obtain
a decree granting to the complainant
an absolute divorce from the defend
ant on the grounds of wilful deser-
ton and abandonment for PERIOD
of more than three years prior to the
institution of this suit; and for gen
eral relief.
And affidavit having been made AMI
filed that the defendant, Magnus l..
Robinson, Jr., is not resident OF the
State Of Virginia, it is ordered tn't
he do appear here within fifteen days
after due publication of this order
and do what is NECESSARY to protect
his interest in this suit.
A Copy Teste:
NEWELL S. GREENAWAY, Clerk.
Thoms M. Watson. P. Q. 3o-4"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18
SneciaI Meeting.

Pursuant to due resolution OF Inc
Board of Directors special meeting
of the stockholders of Williams BEL
mont and Company, Inc, will be nell
at the principal Office of the COM
pany, No. 1913 south Fairfax street,
Alexandria, Virginia, on the Z3ra
day of February, 1913, at Il o'cioc"
noon of that day to consider pro-
posed amendment to Article " #
the Charter of the corporation t.
provide for an increase in the capi-
tai stock from S480,000 to Sloo,Ooo!
by the authorization Of $1,000 ada,
tional shares of Common Stock al
$40 par value each, and to consider
any other business that may properly
come before said meeting.
Joseph H. Schvenberger, sec
j. K. NJ. Norton, ESQ.,, Atty. 49,,
Dated, New York City, Feb. ., 1910
3G-11t.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18

Virginia, in a Circuit Court OF 1hs
CITY of Alexandria, the lst day 81
Rosie L. B. Terry, Complainant
against Paul L. Terry, Defendant. III
Chancery. o.,+,;,
for the Complainant an absolute G.
vorce from the bonds of matrlmohy
from the Defendant on the grounnSs
of wilful and voluntary desertlon ana
abandonment for more than three
wears prior to the institution OF tnls
suit: custody of infant child; rlgnt
to resume maiden name, and tor gem
eral relief. ,d
And affidavit having been made ana
filed that the defendant Paul H.
Terry, is net a resident of the State
of Virginia, it is or.,ered that he 20
appear here within fifteen days al
ter due publication of this order ana
do what is necessary to protest MS
interest in this suit.
A Copy-Teste: o,
NEWELL s. GREENAWA4, Clerk
Robinson Moncure, p. @. 3o-4"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18
LEGAL NOTICES

Virginia, in circuit court OF tie
City of Alexandria, the Sth day OF
February, 1913.
Benjamin NJ. Windsor, Complain
ant, VS.. Mary O'Donnell Windsor, De-
PENDANT. In Chancery.
The object of this suit is to obtain
for the Complainant an absolute d.
vorce from the bonds OF matrimon!
from the defendant on the grounas
Of wilful and voluntary desertion ana
abandonment for more than three
years prior to the institution OF TINS
suit and for general relief.
And affidavit having been MADE
and filed that the defendant, Mary
O'Donnell Windsor, is not a resident
of the State of Virginia, it is ordereo
that she do appear here within III.
teen days after due publication u
this order and do what is necessai!
to protect her interest in this suit
A Copy Teste:
NEWELL S. GREENAWAY, C!er,,;;
Robinson Moncure, ?. Q. 800"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18

Virginia, in the Circuit Court OF
the City of Alexandria, the lst DAY
of February, 1918. n,,t
Lucille c. Baker, Complainant
AGAINST John Z. Baker, Defendant. III
Chancery. :: q ~
The object of this suit is to Co.
tain for the Complainant an absolute
divorce from the bonds of matfi-
mony from the defendant on me
grounds of wilful and voluntary nc
sertion and abandonment for morS
than three years prior to the lnsL'.
tuition Of this suit: custody OF infant
child: and for general relief.
And affidavit having been made an"
fled that the defendant, John -
Baker, is not a resident Of the state
of Virginia, it is ordered that ne 40
appear here within fifteen days al
ter due publication of this oHer ana
do what is necessary to protect IFS
interest in this suit.
A Copy Teste: o..
NEWELL S. GREENAWA1, ClerE'
Robinson Moncure, P.'Q. 3o-t"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18
MONROE & MONROE, Inc.
1l3 NORTH ROYAL
CIR OCERIES

NEW ORLEANS AND PORTO RICO
MOLASSES, SALT FISH OF ALL
KINDS. NEW GOLD MEDAL
BUCKWEAT FLOUR, GLUTEN
FLOUR, AND GRAHAM FLOUR
LUST RECEIVED.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18

VIRGINIA.
In the Clerks Office of the Circuit
Court of the City of Alexandria,
on the 18th day of February, 1918.
Anna Cooper Carter, VS.. Ernest
Carter, In Chancery.
Memo. The object Of this suit Is
to obtain for the complainant an aD-
solute divorce from the bonds OF
matrimony from the defendant, on
the grounds of wilful and voluntary
desertion and abandonment for more
than three years prior to the institu-
ton of this suit; resumption of mail
en- name, and for general relief.
1t appearing by an affidavit filed II
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18

Virginia, in Corporation Court
of the City of Alexandria, the zzha
dav of January, 1918.
William F. Mullin, Complainant
against Laura A. Mullin, Defendant.
In Chancery. 49,
The object Of this suit is to obtain
for the complainant an absolute Oh.
vorce from the bonds of matr.mong
from the defendant on the GROUNDS
Of wilful and voluntary desertlon ana
abandonment for more than three
Years prior to the institution OF TINS
suit: that custody of 2 infant child
rem be awarded to complainant; ana
for general relief.
And affidavit having been made ard
filed that the defendant, Laura a.
Mullin, is not resident of the state
Of Virginia, it is ordered that she 40
appear here within fifteen days after
due publication Of this order ana %
what is necessary to protect her m
terest in this suit.
A copy Teste: ,v c,,r-,
NEWELL S. GREENAWA9, ClerE.
Robinson N1oncure, P. Q.
27-4w.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18
ITALIANS SINK SHIP.
D'Annunzio Jeers Foe in Message
Cast Out in Bottles.

Rome, Feb. 1S.-The admiralty
oives further details of a successful
raid bv three Italian torpedoboats on
the night of February II in the Bay
Of Buccarr;, near Fiume, where a
large Austrian ship was sunk. Tae
+ornedoboats worked their way
cautiously in the fog through tie
canal.
The first torpedoes fired were ward
cd off by the nets protecting the four
vessels which were detectives OF
italians. but one torpedoboat reso-
lately approached, Notwithstanding
the danger of its retreat being ~:
off and fired another torpedo, waIrn
pierced the net and sank the ship.
Lieut.. Conldr. Rizzo, who was re-
sponsible for the destruction OF the
Austrian battleship Wien, which wss
sunk last December in Trieste haroor,
and Gabrielle d'Annunzio, the poet,
took part in the raid. D'Annunz:o
dropped overheard three sealed bot
ties containing a message to TIE
Acknowledgements in which ne jeer-
ed at them for hugging their harbers
and ports while the Italian warships
roam at will, daring any danger.
This raid was the eleventh carried
out by the italians on Austrian
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18
RAILROAD ACCIDENTS.

pno;neer Killed and Mother and -FOUR
children Lose Their Lives IN
Wrecks.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18

Engineer Killed anu Nio' :,
children Lose Their Lives "
Wrecks.
Baltimore Feb. 1s.-Officials OF the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company a.
,,a,, &c Coroner II. D. Litzenourg' OF
E,kton, Cecil county, yesterday COM
nleted an investigation into the trai"
,rr.ck at Port Deposit Saturday
n;oht, when an engineer was killea
and nine other persons were lnjurea
:, boad-on collision between
s.oiabt hound for Wilmington and
ossenrer train bound for HaVre
de Grace. w.
According to men in charge OF the
;,,,,os+;cations the train crash was
a,o 70 confusion of signals on the
1870 If the engineer who lost his
life in the wreck. 49,,
Tho dead man was Howard +. NIL
,er Of this city, engineer OF 'he
freight train. His chest was erush'o
between the brake and the side OIL
his cab.
SNYDER, the engineer of the freight
was thrown into the Susquehanna
river by the force Of the collision ana
was rescued, after clinging to a piece
Of ice for several minutes.
Toledo, Ohio, Feb. ia molhei
and her four children were killed anu
another child and two men were IN
;rred when a New York Central pas
senger train hit an automobile truck
in which they were riding near mere
early yesterday morning.
7be dead: Mrs. Annie Plichinsk',
IS wears old; Katherine, y; Frances
6: Victory, II, and Sophie, aged T.
Mrs. Plichinski and two of the chill
dren were killed Instantly, the others
diving a short time later.
The injured were: Mary Plchlnsk''
IA; Clarence Long and Grover Long
The Pl.chinski's were mo7ing 10
Toledo from Christy, Ohio, riding on
the motor truck driven by Clarence
Long, who failed to see the train as
the truck drove on to the crossing.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18
BOYS IN GERMAN ARMY.
Prisoners Captured by American
Troops Are Eighteen and Nineteen
Years Old.

L
With the American Army IN
France Feb. 18.-American officers
through close questioning, nave eS-
tracted valuable information from
the Germans who recently were taken
nrisoners by the Sammies. The cap
tives are mostly youths eighteen or
nineteen years old and well set up.
The Germans answered the ques-.
+ions freely, and they did not ex-
nress surprise when told that a large
force Of American soldiers already
had arrived in France.
The prisoners insisted that what
ever force the United States put IN
tbe field would be insufficient 70
change the ultimate end.
The men were mostly glad to De
taken prisoners, although they sa'o
they were we'll fed in their own ilnes
and had no complaints to make
One youth of eighteen broke down
40 or;ed when an American address
al him in his own native tongue
This prisoner said he was tne iss'
Of six sons who had been fighting 10i
Germany. Two of his brothers na'
been killed, two others had been SER
onslv wounded and one taken prison
- .nd now he had fallen into tnf
enemy's hands. a :,
Later this youth was eheerea U,
and he then asserted that ne was W.
slad to have the chance Of some ne d IA:
eating back to Germany with nj
head. !;
The attitude of the prisoners =
neither arrogant nor cringlng'
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18

This cause that the defendant Ernest
Carter, is a non resident OF t n,
S+ate. # is Ordered, That said dc
fendant appear here within fifteen
d 6avs after due publication of this
order, and do what is necessary -
nrotect his interests in this suit.
Robinson Moncure, ?. Q.
NEWELL S. GREENAWAY, CLERK.
39-4w.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1918-02-18
For Bilious
Troubles

That heavy headache, torpid
liver. sick stomach, bitter taste
in mouth, furred tongue, dull
ewes and muddy skin, all come
from a poor supply OF bile.
These unhealthy conditions are
promptly corrected by
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

less than thirty, probably nearer the latter
than the former figure. This gives total
maximum of 100 German divisions on the
West at this moment and a minimum of
$50, with bias toward the former figure.
We know, moreover, precisely how many
divisions are on the line of contact (if I
may so express myself: there are 115
Roughly speaking, then, 60 per cent
or little less of all German troops now
concentrated on the West are ON the line
and 40 per cent or little more are
in reserve Immediately behind them. The
German Empire still keeps at this moment
fifty divisions on the Russian front 1t is
conceivable that it could watch that front
and guard against the danger Of chaos
or even an unexpected local attack in
case of some local military reaction with
not more than twenty divisions, though
that makes nothing more than a very thin
observation, of course. 1t is the lowest
figure at which have seen the minimum
put and it is much more likely that at
least thirty divisions would be required
for this work
The large margin Of doubt here is not
so important as it looks, because the
residue Of troops left on the Eastern
front will at any rate be of very inferior
material, which could hardly be used for
offensive purposes in the West.
Put it at the very minimum and say
only twenty divisions would be left in
the East, and that gives you ulti-
mately thirty divisions of all sorts, includ-
ing many men who could never be used
on the front line, to be added sooner or
later to the German concentrations on
the Western front. We see then that the
very maximum Of German divisions, in
cludng some that certainly could not be
used for offensive action, would be 22O full
divisions on the Western front before the
end Of the fighting season that is now
about to open.
This means an addition in mere infan-
try numbers of about SO per cent to
the numbers present on this front during
the fighting season Of 1917 The Ger
mans had during that season about L.
100000 bayonets on this Western line;
they can produce during 1918 on the
same front rather moro than million and
a half. This figure, 1,57500O bayonets,
would be equivalent to 2l0 full divisions.
Another $4,000 would bring this to about
22O full divisions.
The second element In the situation is
the concentration Of guns. The changes
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Increase Between
twenty and Thirty Divisions

This strength gives for infantry an av-
efagc of $500 bayonets to a dyision--wc
aust no longer think in the old terms of
ae beginning of the war, when division
"uhted 1900 bayonets. Last autumn,
wore the big transfer of troops from the
last to the West began, there were 100
0sfman divisions or their equivalent be-
"een the Alps and the North Sea. This
samoer has already been increased by
Sme additions, which arc more than
"snty, but less than thirty, divisions.
iae reason we cannot be quite certain
tue numbers is twofold First, not all
VISIONS which have been brought to the
'ese front have yet arrived at the lines
s sre they have come in contact with tho
'eu armies; second, certain fragments
divisions have come in contact with
IL Allies, but it is not possible to say
'ether the whole division has yet been
,'oght from Russia But as have said.
divisions brought from the East to
west number more than twenty and
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

points for his offensive, but the power of
munitionment still controls the issue
1T is most significant fact that he has
distributed his reserves Of infantry be-
hind the line of contact pretty evenly all
the way from Flanders to Alsace. That
seems to argue determination on his
part to choose more than one point of
attack, but it is only very vague indi-
cation, and ] give it for what it is worth.
The Struggle for
Supremacy in Air
During the campaign of 1918 also new
Importance will attach to the fourth arm
OF the service--.the air service. The wear
Will see a vigorous and probably decisive
final struggle between the two parties for
supremacy in the air, each knowing that
superiority there will more than anything
else decide the issue of the campaign.
During that struggle it is exceedingly
important that the mass of general opin-
ION, Which especially in democratic coun-
tries has such an effect upon the conduct
of the war, should not misunderstood the
problem which is set to the soldiers and
constructors. Hitherto there has been. on
our side of the Atlantic at least, too much
misunderstanding of this problem. The
new science appeals strongly to public
imagination; it has been foreseen and
dealt with in popular romance for many
years; the things that it apparently ought
to be able to do are too obvious; the limi-
tations are technical and for the most
part unknown to the public. That is why
there is a danger of public demand for
policies that cannot be carried out, and
attention to which will only weaken the
armies in their great struggles.
The main thing for us to appreciate is
the limitations of the new arm. There are
certain very general rules in this connec-
tion which it is useful to remember First
Aircraft are already highly specialized
for the various uses they have to serve,
and, as has been the case with the develop-
ment of almost all machinery, their types
are getting more and more differentiated
as the arm develops.
The original use of aircraft in war was
for observation. That meant a compara-
lively restricted machine, for all that was
needed was to spot artillery tire-that is,
to command observation over places not
more than a few thousand yards from the
place whence the aeroplane started. You
did not need to fly very high, for beyond
Il certain height observation became diff
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

brought about by the war in the use of
artillery in the field make us reckon to-
day on two types of guns as the main
strength of the light or field artillery.
On the German side these are the
77-milllmetre gun Ia shade over three
inches in calibre) and the 9O-mili-
metre gun. The former has been in
creased in efficiency in the last year, while
the latter is not too heavy to be used as
field piece. Reckoning as heavy guns
everything over the 1OO-millmetre
(roughly the 4-inch calibrc), we may
say that pretty we'll the whole German
strength in this arm, excluding only the
coastal defence guns and the artillery of
great fortresses, will be in the war zone
of the Western front for 1918. 1t will
comprise somewhat less than 1000 pieces,
but more than 3,700.
The third factor, which will probably
be the decisive one, is the power of muni-
tionment and supply. The famous for
mula which has been ascribed to General
Petain as a definition of the modern Of
fensive-"The gun conquers, the infan-
try occupies shows what the role of the
heavy gun will be in these last decisive
phases Of the great struggle.
The number of guns is only one, al
though it is the best known, factor in the
role Of the artillery. The other unknown
factor, conditioning the whole strength
of the artillery arm, is the power of the
industrial civilization behind the guns to
turn out munitionment and bring it up to
the front. 1t is not only tho industrial
power to produce shells with which we are
here concerned, but the comparative in
dustrial power Of the two societies to
produce every other weapon of tactful
offence: the armed and protected mobile
gun platform which the British call tanks,
and whatever new device either side NAV
crOduCn
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
This Year Will
Decide Victory

1t is possible that the two enemies will
remain during 1918 more or less even in
their air powers, as they have been since
those early critical days Of the battle Of
the Somme, when the Allies had so marked
a superiority. But it is more probable
that definite superiority will appear dur
ing the fighting season of 1918 upon one
side or the other. The side which pos
sesses it has all the chance for victory.
There is no such thing as command Of
the air. You cannot drive your enemy
from the air by superiority as you can
from the surface of the sea, because the
work done is in three dimensions. But
your superiority can half blind him in
battle and immensely supplement the
power of your artillery by bombing be-
hind the lines and by attacks upon his air
dromes, while the superiority once es-
tablished should increase through your
power of attack upon airdromes and trans
port of aircraft.
For that superiority the Allies largely
depend upon the coming in of America.
The constitutional power of the Ameri-
can factories changes the balance entirely
Their pilots are excellent and are train
ing rapidly. The only doubtful factor is
transportation. If that problem is solved
the Allies superiority in the air should be
certain.
1t is often pointed out that the collapse
of Russia is replaced for the Allies by the
entry of the United States. In men this
is not true, for communications are suc.,
that the United States cannot put into the
European field numbers at all correspond
ing with those which Russia had mobilized
and which were at hand.
But in power of constructing material,
and especially aircraft, there is no CON-
parison. To appreciate this take one SIM
gle figure. Even when the Russians were
fighting their best and when the enem,
was most occupied with them the num-
Der of enemy aircraft upon the Eastern
front was little more than one-tcnth that
on the Western front Such an OK
ample is conclusive.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
May Attack at More
Than One Point
produce.

Here the balance of opinion is that the
Central Empires are at disadvantage.
This is only tentative opinion, though
based upon many lines Of calculation and
upon observation of the enemy's maxi
mum effort during the last fighting season
as compared with ours. So far as mere
numbers of infantry is concerned, he has
sufficient reserve to undertake at least
two great offensives upon certain points
and if he prefers to diminish the intensity
Of his attack he can choose more than two