davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27

/ University OF Washington at Seattle
The subjects taken UP there include
electricity, aeronauticaI motors. navi-
cation. seamanship, meteorology. pho
Biography. wireless telegraphy and a
number Of other necessary technical
subjects. While in the course Of
training men are rated as chief quar-
termasters and are paid approx
msteIy $50 a month above subsist-
ence. On successful completion Of
this course, the men are sent TO one
Of the various flight training schools.
After successfully passing all flight
tests, the men are commissioned as
enisEns in the L. s. y. r. +.
The Requirements Of Service.
Candidates for inspection work
must be over 80 years Of age. and
must be graduates in engineering Of
recognized technical schools. holding
degrees OF NJ F. or 2. E. They must
in addition have had expert machine
shop and gas engine experience
The ground officers must be over
30 years Of age and be men Of marked
executive ability. high character and
forceful personality
Where Applicants Can Apply.
All applicants can apply at Navy
Recruiting stati-n. 2041k South FL
Paso, or any OF the following sub
stations: Bisbee. Albuquerque. Dem
ing, Roswell, and secure an applica-
tion, where the candidate viii be in
structed as 10 the filling out OF the
same in detail and answering All the
questions These blanks then will be
forwarded by the commanding officer
OF the Navy Recruiting station TO the
supervisor Of the Naval Reserve Fly
ing corps at Washington. where they
VIII be passed upon and the candi-
dates notified as TO either the ap-
proval or disapproval Of his applica-
ton in Approximately two weeks
time Three letters Of recommenda- I
ton and small photograph are pre-
requisite
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27

he viii enter a service in which he
nav. and should. always feel JUS
tifiable pride and Of which the unl-
form is a badge Of honor.
But I'm addition 20 a chance OF serv-
ing the country in an honorable po-
sition. a place in the navy offers, as
a livelihood. many advantaEes-zuch
as good. practical training, speedy
promotions a healthful life; an OBJ
portunity for travel and education
The pay is graded according 10 q
mans skill and length OF service. and
compares favorably with that %
highly paid labor in civil life IN
deed. when it IS remembered that q
hlueiackets pay IS nearly clear OF an
living expenses. il is doubtful that
in ordinary times, there is any class
better paid
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27

II TNCLE SAM wants. men for naval
u service in all Of the many branches
making up this great section o.
Americas defensive and offensive or
ganization. Throughout the country
at the present time a campaign Of
tion-an appeal 20 the young
manhood Of the nations being car-
ried on to ill the ranks in more than
40 trades and professions that are
necessary to carry out the work Of
the sea fighters. The naval reserve
is. in effect. an enlargement Of the
United states navy. 1t is a part Of
the navy. and absolutely no disunc-
1 ln is made between officers and
men Of the regular navy and the naval
reserve force.
On Par With Navy.
The officers and men OF the re-
serve force receive the same pay.
wear the same Uniform. as men OF the
regular navy.
They perform the same duties as
men Of the regular navy and are Of
fered the same opportunities for pro-
motion as officers and men in the
regular establishment
A man enrols in the United States
naval reserve force for four years,
subject to active duty only in time
Of war OF national emergency. When
a man is not on active duty he is Civ
en- an annual retainer pay. whether
or not he performs any service dur
ing the period OF his inactive service
f11ra TrwfHna States naval
force was created by act Of congress
50 as 10 permit the enlargement OF
the personnel Of the naval forces Of
this country whenever necessary
Always Ready.
Il was primarily created. though
that this country may have for use at
all times a highly trained and eff
cient naval reserve force that could
be called into duty whenever neces-
sary to serve as a part Of the navy.
The life OF a sailOr-and particu-
larry the life OF man o. war man
with its adventures. ever changing
scenes. new countries, new people,
following the sea from port to port,
from one ocean TO auOther-has al
ways appealed strongly TO the imagi-
nation Of men OF spirit In the record
Of the deeds Of the men Of the United
states navy. from John Paul Jones
20 admiral Dewey. the young Amerl-
can can find the highest inspiration;
for our navy. both in time Of war
and Of peace, has played a great
honorable and often glorious part in
the history Of the country The navy
has been, throughout its entire exist
ence. a service Of high ideals. and its
record Of great and worthy
achievement, Of duty well done. has
been due 10 the high standard set for
officers and men in the beginning
and maintained ever since. This stand
ard was never higher than &c IS to-
DAY, and any young American who
thinks OF going into the naval SER
vice may feel sure that. on existing.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27
NAVAL VESSELS LAUNCHED.
Seventeen naval vessels were, on
July 4. launched as follows:
DeEfroVers

Seventeen naval vessels were, on
July 4. launched as follows:
Destroyers.
Union Iron Works plant Bethle-
hem Shipbuilding company, san Fran
cisco-The Williams, Crane, Hart. In
graham, Mexican. Harding. Gridley.
BURNS.
Newport News ShipbuiIding & Dry
dock Co, Newport News. Fa--The
Thomas, Harden and Abbot.
William Cramp & Sons Co. Phila-
delphia-The Upshur and Elliot
Bethlehem Shipbuilding company,
Fore River plant. quincy. lIass-The
Maury-1.
Total number Of destrOyers. H.
Gunhouf.
Charleston Navy yard. Charleston.
S. C.-Gunboat ~Ashville"
Mine sWeepers.
Alabama Dry Dock company. No
bile. Ala.-The "SwanhilL"
Staten Island ShipbuildinE COM
pauy. New Tork-The ~OrioIe"
The keels Of eight more destroyers
were laid at the Union Iron Works
plant san Francisco, on the ways
that had just been vacated by those
launched.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27

Rear admiral Leigh c. Palmer IS
youngest Of the admirals and one OF
the most efficient OF the chiefs CT
bureau Of navigation IN the history
Of the navy. Admiral Palmer is the
right hand man OF secretary Of the
navy JCsephus Daniels Under his
coEniZance come all matters relating
10 the enlisted and commIssi oned per-
sonnet Of the nav
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27
UNCLE SAM WANTS MEN FOR
SERVICE IN THE NAVAL RESERVE

Life in Service Of High Ideals Offers Splendid Induce
nents to Young Men; Advantages Many With Excel
lent Chances of Quick Promotion, Chance for Travel
and Promotion; Appeal Is Made to Loyalty.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27
GOOD OFFICER MATERIAL NEEDED
FOR NEW NAVAL FLYING SECTION

students Are Sent to Boston School Of Technology for
Three Months Course Students Rated as Chief Quar-
termasters and Paid $50 Per Month While Learning;
Course Embraces Many Technical Subjects
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-07-27
The Man OF The Homr-Presideut Woodrow Wilson

I
I'll
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-03
MINI K

pc the fact that the majority of the mldWives are Of such advanced age mat they cannot hope to carry on
 the business much longer"
 Tine i@norant superstitions ana
 many of the customs of these wamen
 would be amusing. were the results of their practice not so tragic. It Is apparent at ance, however, to any thoughtful person that the situation as is exists is one worthy of the most serious consideration and the most dartic action. eE, should nev- CT lose sight of he fact lnat many of the most dangerous conditions to which human flesh is heir arise dur ing the period of creation. and that Of confinement, which so many care less indiVi iuals are prone to regard only as a "physjologic fuaction." Tn no field of medicine or surgery, are there opportunities for Letter tlls- playing the best of judgment or ut most skill. Few surgical conditions demand %uc'h inSt9nfane OlS decision and prompt, slillod interference as, not ilfreQCcntlt, two flyers are in jeopardy, and are saved or lost in the space of a feW minutes That women andbabies shaHl be left 10 the miniStration of these women is "a grave reflection on any community. We realize quite well thai con siderable number of the EOOrer clas- ses can not afford the ordinary fees required to secure the best of otister- ical service, but this alone should not ,be considered by those interested in inc conservation of life It is quite possible ito secure for such cases, through! the expenditure of public funls, adequate service. eth- CT through nurse midwives, i. C., pub lie health nurses who have been es- pecially trained in obsterica work, or through the services of city physician wno shall be adequately renumerated for his time and labor.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-03

has repeatedly run into cases Of puerperal sepsis and lockjaw of the newborn after this woman has Teen in attendance. II is she who respon- Slble for one Of the cases of trtanus referred to earlier is this report. In other instances, both mother and baby, it is stated, died Of eclampsia Tn the hands of this woman. It is her custom to treat whotevcr c0ndi- flon sac finds herself confronted W4th, rather than call in medical as Slstance. We understand that she is
 Undoubtedly the liIthicst and most dangerous midwife practicing in Pine Bluff ani that her evil doin9s are he most widespread.
 Anothcr midwife. who states that she Is loo old and inform tC "ractice any more and who movcs and talks with the greatest difficulty. has vet attended several of her srandchild- ren, during the mast year. She failed 10 mcntion however, that one of these grandchildren had died of tefaauS duo to the filthy manner in Which she dressed inc co 'd at birth
 This eran1danGhtcr had called q doctor 10 attend her after tho hirth or her haby. as ;'ne atoj cl;!abed fever. ,sle did n0t however like 10 huro her Trandmothnr'G frflingS. sO the doctor was not allowed 10 attend the lahy.
 Another slave time ,nilwiVe. eharp- Wlltcd a""rcSsive and denscly i@nor- ant de&crihei in detGtl to the n3trSe how she attended the mathef. and baby. Asked wh1' she did With the sc'&0fS heHore cuttin" the cord she said with dis@us', "Whcn start to cut that cord I 1on't en rcwhere else nor do anything else first" This woman states that she has a trea,- ment of her own for sore eyes and believes she can do more than the doctors in curin% these troublesome After considerable urg- lr%. shc finally confined that she used dairy week" an da1ded, "its good for any bodies eyes. Miss. and would he good for vours.' When the nurse tried to convince her that t would 1oe safer 10 repnr a case of sore eyes ta some physician and not take the WEolo responsibility her self, and said. Don't talk that 10 me. Miss, l know"
 we anlte agree with our field nurse. Miss Mariner. in her com ment that "the most hopeful phase of the midwife situation would seem to
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-03
Pine Blutf-.'From Health Standpoint Being the Report of Survey by Experts of the Deln-
 eatol, Working With Local Health Officers

ullese mothers had reasonable onnor
 'unlty to successfully overcome inc
 conditions leading to the Drematnre
 and untoward termination of thei, pregnancies.
 conger.al debility, ve:y largely l susceptible Of control measures of lie same character as the two pre. 1 ceo'ng causes, is responsible for nine uealhs, conGenial malformatious
 for two, and other causes peculiar 10 early infancy for three. nder the second general "ronn ueaths susceptible tc postnatal in. lluences, diarrhea and enteritis the flrst place with eight deaths. No sl2gle cause of infant m9rtolitv nra senns greater Oprortuni;e., for pre-
 seh'1on than does that included un- der the general 1erm of digestive dis 1uraances dus as they are to imnro,- CT leeIlh%, either as regards tne kind or food or the method of it's admins. tfatlon. 10 it's cleanliness. the protect lon o1 the baby from cortaminatine surroundings, and in general it's in telllgent handling by the mother It IS nof too much to expect that half at least of all death occurring under this group can he avoided.
 Pneumonia also directly a.tribut- able to unhyeienic conditions. as ey- posture to cold, improper clothing. poor ventilation, etc., is responsible for six deaths.
 Measles, whooping coughs. malaria tuberculosis and rolomyolitis, all pfeventable and communicable. caus- ed during the period twelve deaths, yet as far as we have been able to discover, no epidemiclogical studies of cases of these and other contag- lous diseases are made in Pine Bluff so that any rational hope of control must at once be abanioHad when considering their effect upon infant life
 Of all the causes of infant deaths ln Pine Bluff, however, tetanus ne- onatorum, responsible for one death Tn 1915 and two in 1917, is probably the least excusable. This. however, will be referred tc later in this report
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-03

to the existence Of an evil which is
 quite easily susceptible of control.
 We rpefer to the women who are practicing as midWiyes in Pine Blulf
 These women have atteude dat
 t'ith q total of 9S babies. Curing the
 year 1917. or 31 per cent of tll births recorded and found during inc recent canvass.
 Miss Mariner has spent a good deal of time visiting these midwiveS. in the effort to determine their fit ness for the responSibln function which they perform Iii this way. we
 have some interesting fac;s concern
 ing seven of them All ol t1lese are negroes. thou9h the% have attended ill childbirth both white and cClored women. One of them stated to our nurse that she knew nothing of drops for the babies eyes for tho prevent ion of ophthalma, except that she had seen Syrian women. whom she had attended. use them. Al first she said that she used "cold string" from the drug store for tying t'!c cord. but later said. nc thaf's a lie. used a piece of thread" Sho was questioned in detail as to how sine prepared her hGnla and instruments before atteadin% a birth frt ou" re. port states, "s9mehaw sil" failed to canVlnce one that she actnallr did these thines' "fhis midwife" ttle report continues, "has rn"ietcrgd Il numher Of births during the past four years, and stllbirths have been fairly freQnent' Another very old nceress, feeble an1 wnak-mirded. talked r2nnhlin2lv of whai che had learned from doctars in Hlli.iana and lowed she could beat trc dOet- orS vet. # &he wasn't quite so etifr Her infirmities alone would pr clude all possibility Of adequate service. even were her training and mentality Of proper type.
 Another woman, about sixty years old and extremely ignorant attends Tour or five cases of confinement each week. She rave the nurse rec ords for five h;rths in 1917 stating that. as the patients had failed to pay her sh' did not record him. I. ap- pears that she uses this as a club to collect ncr fee. When informed that the law did not take these mat ters into consideration she pr7mised to get uY the remainder of thc 1917 cases, about fifty in all she said and bring them in for record. One of the of Pine Bluff saws that he
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-03

communicable disease and an end
 less number of others ma yhave been
 exposed. These deaths have oceur-
 red at all periods during the first
 year of life, and yet they were so lightly regarded by ignorant parents
 and an unconcernel public, as to have lived their lives and died en- tirely without expert assistance or
 official notice.
 Almost as indefinite as the forego- ing. are such certifcations as "con- 3estion of the Grain" typhoid -mala ria," jaundicel condition of the mother" "convulsions. "spasms.' all of these terms re"rNaeot t;'e utmost carelessness on tho part Of tAe at tendile. physician and for the most part, symptoms of disease. rather than disease themselves. The great est carelessness is Drobahlf shown or one certificate which states that the infant vas stillhorne tpt SO in definitely definded 9s 70 permit of no classification. What rroportion of them were prnYentatle were we"ray not say. but ran quite dc finitelv state thai. in tha case of twentv-eieht at least. tho fac could be of no interest. as there wac given to t1eee babies not the slightest O. portnnity to profit by any we'll recoe- niZed methods Of treatment
 It may oe claimed that the fact that theee twcney-c' .It babie3 were permitted to dia Wi'Aout anv medical attention. wos 'Hocauee of the ignor- arce or their ncrents their lack of appreci1'ion of the fact hat serious conditions thrc atened these infant lives. The reenonSit lity. however. may not be allowed to ro.t here. If there exists in Pine Bluff such a widely prevalent ignorance on the part of those whose function it is to hring into the world and nurture the future citizens of Pine Bluff. ii :s nn- questionably the function of Pine Bluff as community to take active steps to overcome this situation
 If these deaths are due to pover- ty, if the parents of these babies could not afford the medical at- tention which was needed. the re- sponslblity again becomes that the community which should turnich to such families the medical servioe needed to protect their members from untimely death.
 That ignorance almost unbeliey- able has Gperated to kill many bab- iae ic wa hnliavo varv ],,.uo1, .1,,o ]
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-03

under the consideration midwives.
 "hlch occurred during this four year period, We have so far discussed lor,g'seVen. There remain grouped
 'ihoer All Other Causes thirty seven as yet unaccOunted for. As a general rule, we classify. under this heading, only such infant deaths
 as dc not properly come within the
 score of discussion of mortality
 causes peculiar to infant life. Thus
 violent deaths or deaths related to
 no paftlcular aged period are herein
 included. Unfortunately, as indicat-
 eu,certlllcatlon of deaths in Pine
 Bluff is SO inaccuratA and indetet,n-
 mate as to have required the irclus
 loh Of q great many deaths which
 under ordinary circumstances would
 nave been included under one or a,- other of the previous headings. Tn other words, the causes of death
 gwen on the death certificates of these babies have been of such a charactcd as to absolutely Freclula rational cla ssification.
 Dnflng the tour years G914 10 l9lD. tWentv-five Of these th:rty-siv babies herein included I, nave died wlthout any medical attention. e,1d the certified cause vas Yiven as no physician in attendance" In ad Mtion 10 these. three deaths have been certified to as "midwive in at tendance" In all, therefore. twenty elshf babies have died during tnis period from undetermined causes. Nobody knows what they Giea of nor "hethey they died at all.
 Vital statistics represents the book. keeping of public health work, the recording of births CT knowledge of the pc2ulation's increase, from o.bnr causes is essential to determine the nature of the growth of community. Likewise, is it essential to know the causes responsible for the deaths of every individual Were such lax methods of bookkeeping employed in any other line of 'rusiness than that or conserving the public health it is quite likely that the business in question would soon find itself in the 1 thnkrupty courts. It would be very for instance. for an en- ploye i'll store or fer tho mana "er | of corporation to cx"lain the dis appearance of stock with such vague accounting as has attended the [ leaths of those twentv- eiqht babies. l As far as the health officials know. 1 Ill these babies may have died from !
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-03
A SHORT BUT STRONG

Women with backache rheumatism pains, sore muscles. stiff joins or cth- CT symptoms of kidney trouble should read thi statement from Mrs. s. c. Small. Clayton, N. M: Foley Kid ney Pills have done me more good than all other medicines" They strengthen weak kidneys and banish sleep-disturbing bladder ailments. For sale at Manns Pharmacy.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-05-31

O'YAAa5R'"O
@SV8 Ce
SPRAY OUTFIT FOR ORCHARD
Are not as Popular as Gasoline
Engines.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
Spraying outfits for commercial or
chards and vineyards are generally OPP
Grated by gasoline engines, although
traction sprayers and compassionate
outfits are also in use.
In the traction type of sprayer the
pump Is geared to or connected with
the wheels and the pressure is gener-
ated while the spray rig is moving.
These sprayers are used in vineyards,
but more especially for low-growing
crops. The difficulty Of having suf-
fcient pump capacity and pressure Is
a serious objection to the traction type
of sprayer for orchard and vineyard
use.
Compassionate sprayers have been
used more or less In orchard spraying
but are much less popular than gaso-
line-power outfits. Compassionate
sprayers are mounted low, and, owing
to their small size and light weight,
may sometimes be used to advantage
on steep hillsides where the ordinary
power sprayers are impracticable. The
compassionate outfit consists Of two
tanks, one for the air and the other
for the spray material. AS the air Is
released into the spray tank, the spray
material is forced out under a con-
stantly decreasing pressure. The air
tank is charged at a central pumping
station by means Of a compassionate
pump.
Spray pumps, operated by gasoline
type of sprayer and are made in vari-
Gus sizes and styles to suit almost any
requirement.
The smallest power sprayers are
nothing more than an ordinary barrel
pump equipped with a small engine of
l to IL horse power. These small
mechanical outfits are higher in price
than the hand pump, but are usually
worth the additional first cost. They
may be operated at a comparatively
small cost and will give a steadier
spray and at a higher pressure than
will the pumps operated by hand. With
the small power outfit one lead of hose
is generally used, but two leads may
be employed if the pump has sufficient
capacity.
Large power sprayers are made with
pumps of from 2 to 4 cylinders, having
a capacity of 5 to Is or more gallons
per minute under a pressure of $50 to
300 pounds. These sprayers are oper-
ated by gasoline engines of from 2 to
II horse power. For the 4-cylinder
pumps Of large capacity, auto-type 4
cylinder engines of 10 to II horse power
are sometimes used.
The spraying outfits used by the ma
jority Of commercial orchardists con-