davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1918-09-22
Twentieth Century Catacombs

IN the third century the cataeombs Of
i Rome were used as churches by per
secuted Christians. The Germans in the
twentieth century have brought to France
and Belgium much the same condition.
Men, women and children in occupied and
devastated areas live in cellars to escape
death from bombs and shells and they
worship in vaults beneath shattered ca
thedrals.
But it has been left to a mining village
somewhere in France to produce real
twentieth ceptury eataeombs for history.
Their advent was an accident, of course,
Just as the cataeombs of Rome as a place
OF religious worship grew out of the ex-
igencies of pagan oppression. The min
ing village is a wreck and when allied
forces occupied it they found dead men
and ruined habitations everywhere.
But beneath the ruins lay spacious
vaults and labyrinth of galleries and
cellars which the Hun had been unable to
destroy in their entirety. These vaults
and these galleries and cellars were util-
lied by the church army as catacomhs in
the early Christian place of worship sense
Of the term. Ther0are no tombs
The chambers nearest the entrance to
the mines were fitted up as recreation and
rest quarters for men just back from the
front line, and here they come to battle
and change their clothes, to eat, sleep and
rad end write. Beyond the ret rosms
The sun., 1918-09-22

In the farthest underground section and
reached through labyrinth Of passage
ways and stairs and winding galleries is
a chapel.
The soldiers themselves decorated the
chapel and made its furniture. The kneel-
ing benches and the altar are crude and
rough the cross above the altar was hewn
from an old packing box; the candlesteks
were fashioned from the tin Of bully beef
cans; the altar cloth is q strip from Tom
my's sleeping blanket, and the battered
ehalice was salvaged from the knapsaek
Of dead German. He had stolen it from
a sacked church and was taking it home
with him.
The prayer books there are tattered and
some are hloodstained, and hymn books
are few. But the worshippers care little
for the printed word of Faith. Some one,
young artist once member of some COM
pany stationed there and since "gone
west" painted two or three sacred pic
lures on the black walls, and these help
Tommy more than prayer books.
As for the rest, Sundays always find
the chapel decorated for services. There
are flowers when flowers are to be had, and
green boughs. Christmas was celebrated
with extra candles and red and white
paper secured somehow and looped up,
and a replica Of the stable of Bethlehem
was made out Of mud and bits of wood
and bark, the figures being Of clay and
draped with bih Of cloth.
The sun., 1918-09-22
By F. CUNLIFFE-oWEN.

N ~ ~ "a - pN"'S PicIOSAi nus ava
1 \ lowed so closely upon President
Wilson's recognition of the Czecho-Sio-
vaks as an independent nation that
it is difficult TO regard it in any
other light than as desperate effort on
the part of Emperor Charles 10 avert the
fate that now stares him in the face For
the emancipation of the Czecho- Siovaks
from Hapsburg rule means the dismem-
berment of the Dual Empire. The offer
Of peace from Vienna comes too late, and
the doom of the Hapsburgs is to-day just
rs certain and inevitable consequence Of
our ultimate victory as is the doom of the
HohenZollerns.
Most nations win their freedom from
ahen rule and foreign oppression by
means of revolution. The Czecho- Slovaks
may be said to have won theirs by under
taking in far distant land and under
adverse circumstances fight for the cause
of humanity, of civilization and of de-
mocrary, in short, for the cause of the
Entente, at time when it seemed almost
like forlorn hope.
One Of the Wars Surprises.
The present war has been fertile in sur
prises. But assuredly the most amazing
of them all has been the rebirth of the
Czecho- Slovak nation in the wilds OF ST.
BERN through the chiralrous efforts there
in our behalf of men who had found their
way into Russia rs the theoretical prison
ers of war, and who for the last eighteen
months have constituted the chief bulwark
of law and order against the BOlshevik
anarchists and their German paymasiers.
1t is doubtful whether st. Wenceslas,
the eanonized ruler of Bohemia, or yet
Frederick. the last King of the indepen-
dent Czecho- Slovak nation, ever dreamed
that the Bohemian nation would be born
anew on the Siberian shores of the Pacific
Ocean.
1t had been feared that the assistance
demanded from the Allies by the Czeeho-
Slovaks fighting for US in Siberia would
arrive too late. These apprehensions have
fortunately proved unfounded. Entente
warships at Vladivostok were dismantled
of their heavy guns, which, loaded on rail
road trucks, as in the days just prior to
the siege of Ladysmith in the Boer war,
were rushed to the fighting front. Since
then American, French, English, Italian
and, above all, Japanese troops, have
been pouring into Vladivostok and max
ing their way westward.
The American contingent is commanded
by Major-Gen. William S. Graves,
noted soldier. By chance the Generals
son happens to be IN the expedition also:
The Generaiissimo of the allied forces,
Gen. Otani, was one Of the most distin-
guished leaders Of the Japanese army
in the Manchurian war of fourteen years
ago, and it has been decided by the great
Powers to unite all the various Czeeho-
Slovak forces now scattered at various
points along the line from Vlsdivostok in
Siberis to the River Don in European
The sun., 1918-09-22
CZeChO-SlOvaks Under Finest / Leadership
Men of Highest Ideals Head Troops of
Allies and Direct Reconstruct
ton of Russia

in command of her contingent. But he
viii be subject to the japanese com
mander in chief of the allied forces, and
above all, to Sir Charles Eliot, the Brit
ish High Commissioner and plempoten-
tiary in Siberia. Sir Charles Eliot's re-
entry into the service of the British Gov
eminent in this fashion serves TO recall
the sensational circumstances of his re-
tirement from diplomacy after a particu
LARRY violent quarrel with Lord Lansdowne
when the latter was Minister Of Foreign
Affairs.
A very masterful man, he is well known
in the United States, where he spent
couple of years as Secretary of the b
ish Embassy at Washington under Lnrl
Psuncefote, forming an intimate friend
ship with Theodore Roosevelt. Belonging
to a Junior branch of that ancient Devon
family of which the Earl of st. Germans
is the chief, Sir Charles carried every
thing befnr him at Oxford. He entered
the diplomatic service at the suggestion of
his friend Lord Rosebery, and his rise
was exceptionally rapid, being eventually
appointed British High Commissioner and
commander in chief of British East
Africa, in conjunction with the Office Of
diplomatic agent and Consul General at
Zanzibar
Refused Landowner Request.
His quarrel With Lord LansdOwne was
because the latter ordered him TO give an
enormous tract of the best land of British
East Africa to Zionist trust, known as
the East African Syndicate, or rather to
certain members thereof, and absolutely
TO refuse grants to private individuals
and intending eolonistS.
Sir Charles took the ground that the
Zionists were not fitted for the agricul-
tural development of East Africa, insist
ing that individual enterprise Of British
settlers was indispensable TO the pros
perity of the colony. Sooner than yield
he preferred to resign his $4,000 year
Office and 10 return home, appealing to
Parliament for an investigation. 1t is
only fair to say that Sir Chsrses's atti-
tude was Endorsed by the entire white
population Of British East Africa, and
that as the result of the publicity given
by Sir Charles to the affair Lord Lans-
downe's plans of territorial concessions
to the Zionist East African syndicate, to
the exclusion Of ordinary settlers, were
abandoned.
Within few months after Sir Charles's
retirement he was appointed to the presi-
dency Of the new and richly endowed Uni
versity of Sheffield and little later on
10 membership of the royal commission
on electoral systems; while in 1912 he ac-
eepted the very lucrative presidency of
the new university at Hongkong, created
for the purpose Of affording to highly
educated and influential Chinese the op-
The sun., 1918-09-22

portunity to obtain in the Orient the
same sort of European university training
that they could have acquired at Oxford
or at Cambridge.
Sir Charles is Mezzofanti in the mat
ter of languages. He took prizes for
Sanserit and for Syriac while still at
Oxford, received while attached to the
British Embassy at Petrograd special
allowance for his mastery Of Russian, and
not long afterward published a Finnish
grammar Since he has been making his
headquarters at Hongkong be has become
an adept in Chinese (Mandarin) and
Japanese. He is therefore particularly
well qualified for the post to which he IS
appointed, and my only fears as to his
success are due to his somewhat i'm
pperious nature and the difficulty of get
ting him to yield in any way to the opin-
ions of others when his own mind has
been made up. Contact with the Chinese
has, however, taught him the value Of
patience.
French Colleague Il Noted. Too.
Sir Charles has French colleague IN
the person of Eugene Regnault, who not
long ago was appointed Ambassador Of
France in Japan. He spent numbe. Of
years as Minister Plenipotentiary It
Tangiers, serving as diplomatic adlatRs to
Gen. Hubert Lyautey during the latter's
gradual conquest Of Morocco and its con-
version into an extremely valuable and
wen administered Colonial dependency Of
France.
Since it is obviously difficult for ths
allied Governments to direct their rasne
operations in the northern portion Of
European Russia from Yladivos5ok,
Great Britain has appointed q high com
missioner for the purpose, with had
quarters at Archangel, whose more imme-
date task will be to preserve the Aunaan
peninsula and the railroad connections OF
Archangel and of the Thurman coast with
in Finland and from the Bolshevil6- Ths
British High Commissioner at ArchMgsl
is Lord Lovat's brofher-in-lav, the Hon.
Francis Lndey.
His father is Lord Lindley, Master Of Z
the Rolls and Lord Of Appeal Lord
Endley is known in legal circles Of ABssr-
lea as the author Of many standard WORKS
OF law, notably one entitled "Lindley on
Partnership" and among other accom-
plishments possesses that Of legerdemin.
The notion that an imposing and bewigged
lu1ninary Of the English bench, invested
with so much pomp and solemn dignity IN
court, could subsequently hold forth in the
evening as a eonjurer, extracting eggs
from peoples noses, watches from their
mouths, live rabbits from their hats, and
g,ineapigs from their coattails, struck his
countrymen as extraordinarily funny and
added In no small degree to his popu-
larity.
Gilbert and Sullivan when they repre-
sented in their musical extravaganzas the
Lord Chief Justice as an adept in break
downs and the Lord high Chancellor Of
the Realm a . skilled eontortionist -
suredly bad IN mind Lord Lindley.
The sun., 1918-09-22

Russia under the command of a wonderful
soldier of their own nationality, who was
recently in New York on his way to the
Siberian front, and was then one Of the
principal guests at the Lafayette Marine
anniversary dinner of the France Amer
lea Society on September last.
Gen. Stefanie, for that is his name, was
before the war one of the most distin-
guished astronomers in Europe. He had
been led by the tyranny 10 which his fel-
low countrymen were subjected by Aus
tria in his native Bohemia and by the
persecution which he had suffered there on
their behalf to establish his domicile in
Paris. When the war broke ont, despite
in the French army for service at the
front.
Badly wounded. he. rs soon as dis
charged fuom The hospital, secured admis-
sion to the aviation corps, winning as an
aviator the MedaiIle Militaire, the War
Cross, the cross first of eheyalier and then
of officer of the Legion of Honor. and
rapid advancement TO the rank Of Lieu
tenant Colonel. 1t was as such that be
came 10 New York little over year ago
III a very successful effort TO enlist his fel-
low Czecho- Slovaks in the United States,
as well as the Poles here. for service at
the front in France under their own flag
and that of France.
He underwent while here, moi one, but
several operations at the Johns Hopkins
Hospital. Then he returned TO France,
and when he reappeared here at the be
ginning Of the month on his way through
the United States for Vladivostok to as
sumo the command of the 100000 or more
Czecho-S lovaks in Siberia and European
Russia it was with the rank of General
Of the French army, in which he had
fought his way up from the knapsaek and
rifle of private.
Stefanie Is Shy and Modest.
Shy and modest, Stefanic is the quiet
est and most unassuming of men so silent
that it is necessary to hear him delivering
an impassioned patriotic address to his
own eountrymen in their own language to
know how he can talk. His magnetic in
fuence over them is wonderful
Ambassador Jusserand described him
not long ago as saint, and those who
knew well Gen. "Chinese" Gordon are
alive TO the many points of resemblance
between the two men. Many of the finest
traits of the hero of Khartum, whom
Englishmen regard as sort of soldier
saint, are to be found in his Czeeho-Slo-
yak counterpart, Stefanic, who, though he
spent most Of his time prior to the war
in star gazing, has nothing whatsoever
Giraffe in his character, and is infinitely
more practical in his methods than Cor
don.
Great Britain has a General of her own
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1918-05-14


Because United States Senator
Charles l.. McNary has made good he
should be nominated to succeed him
self in the Republican primary
May 18th.
From the day he became Senator
he has Loyalty championed the
prosecution Of the war. and during
his term Of office has accomplished
more for Oregon than any other
member in Congress in like period.
Among his colleagues he is known
as the man on the job" and dur
ing the present war crisis Oregon
should consider itself fortunate In
having an opportunity to return him
and not be compelled to send to
Washington, new, unframed man
Believing that the supreme obli-
CATION he owes his country Is to help
win the war, Senator McNary, in
stead Of returning to his State to
conduct political campaign, is at
his post in Washington working for
Oregon and aiding in the prosecu-
tion OF the war.
Always since entering the Senate
he has been a friend OF our soldiers
and sailors and has introduced leg
islation giving them preferential
homestead rights and repeatedly
championed their cause when their
welfare was in jeopardy.
ChamDioning the cause OF the Ore
gon farmers, Senator McNary pro-
cured for them primary wheat
market, saving thereby several mil
lions of dollars to the wheat grow
ers Of the Northwest
Realizing the present Food Con-
troll Law fails to fix prices for many
commodities, Senator McNary has in
troduced. and is laboring for the
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1918-05-14
BALDWIN
IS STILL AT LARGE
Salem, May it.--Conviot Jef
Baldwin. who escaped from the
Salem penitentiary sunday after
noon. Is still at large.

Salem. May it,--with orders "a
bring him In dead or alive" the
state police took their first hand In
a man-hunt and also their first swlnp
at the role Of eonstabulary. wheu
80 OF them arrived from Portland In
automobiles and motorcycles yester-
day afternoon to Join In tho search
for Jeff Baldwin, who made his es.
cape from the penitentiary Sunday
Major peieh and Lieutenant Snyder
are In command OF the detachment
Snyder has lived here for years and
knows the country In this section
like a book
Major Deieh detached one automo-
bile load OF police to Albany. another
to West stayton, and another "a
Jefferson. A motorcycle was sent "a
wilsonville to cut on escape over the
big Oregon Electric bridges over the
Willamette and another to the Ore
gon Electric bridge over the san.
tiam, south OF here.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1918-05-14

these pernicious aetiyitiesy Because
they want the country to be unpre-
pared TO resist its foreign enemies,
says Mr.. Fits. and powerless to
stamp out the domestic anarchy
which they foment.
In the face OF these purposes and
practices. Mr.. Fits insists that civil
processes are sufiieient to deal with
the Offenders. and martial law is not
needed. II Is difiicult to agree with
him. The perpetrators Of such
crimes at such time as this are
nothing less than traitors, and they
should be punished as such. A few
lessons administered BY firing
squads would have a salutary effect
in stamping out this pro-German
sabotage.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1918-05-14

passage OF bill, striking Mt profit
eering and fixing prices on the ne.
cessaries Of life.
Senator McNary has procured:
Government contracts for the first
time in the States history for Ore
gon products. such as prunes. de-
hydrated potatoes and vegetables In
large quantities.
Large contracts from the govern
ment for army clothing and ship
building and numbering industries.
81 Favorable action BY the senate
committee on irrigation on bill
providing for the government mar
keting of district irrigation bonds,
thereby supply funds for irrigation
district projects.
Favorable action from same COM
mittee on bill authorizing the Sec
retary OF the Interior to accept irri-
cation or district drainage bonds.
and exchange them with the Secre-
tary OF the Treasury for certificates
OF Indebtedness, thereby providing
funds for legitimate projects.
Senator McNary Is working:
For prompt payments OF allot-
ments to dependent relatives OF
soldiers and sailors.
A compresensive plan for the uti-
lization OF the water power resources
Of Oregon.
For the construction OF a coast
military highway at government ex-
pense.
Senator McNary was born on "a
farm in Oregon; reared In the Bap-
tist church; educated In the public
schools; worked his way through
Stanford University; Is a lawyer and
farmer and has been a lifelong Re-
publican. He was formerly JUS
tice on the Supreme Court and later
chairman OF the State Republican
Central Committee.
Space forbids further enumeration
OF the vast amount OF work Senator
McNary has done for Oregon, but
anyone will realize for the forego-
ing the Senator has displayed truly
remarkable ability, coupled with ex-
traordinary diligence and energy.
His native state can best show Its
appreciation OF his faithful and ef-
ficient services by nominating and
electing him.
THOMAS B. KAY,
State Treasurer.
B. W. SLEEMAN.
Bus Rep. Of District Coun-
ell OF Carpenters.
MRS. GEO w. McMATH,
Pres. OF Cooperative League.
THOMAS A. MCBRIDE,
Chief Justice Of Oregon su-
preme Court. E
T. B. 'NEUHAUsEN,
vice-Chairman Hughes Cam
paign Committee.
paid Advestisement)
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1918-05-14
IN THE SPRING

viii In tho great test OF q lie aud death
strussle on tho Western front In the
everyday walks Of life, n IA tha sprlns
time that brings III health. One of the
chlct reasons why tho run down man
finds himself In . had state OF health 10
March OF April, ls because hc has spent
nearly all hls hours for The past four ~
dye months penaed az within ne walls
Of house, factory or on!ce ~ he tS
IA lack OF out.door lIfo, counlci with
perhaps over eating, lack of good exer'
elsa, insufficient sleep, and constT alton.
In other words, We keep fecdlnH ths
furnace with fooi but Ito not take ont
tho -clInkors,- and Our IRE duc@ not burn
brightly. Always Keep tho liver active
There IA nothing hotter for health than
taking an occasional mild laxative, per.
haps once week such q unn ~ You
can got ~ any drug stor, made up "
May.applc, jalap, alocs, tsurar' Dated,
tiny, easily tAkrnl. which has. stood Tho
trst of nity Year, of appfoval-namely,
Dr. Plcrccs Pleasant pcllc,s Hut Toe
tho -Sprlng Fewer the general rundown
condition. tho lack Of ambition, ths
-blacs, one should take q eonrsc u
sss%s"i ssSs :. s s'fqs fsrss ssI"s OdsS 's s D
coycry, now 10 be- had In tablet form In
sixty cent yIals. Watch the people 20
ploddlns along tho street. There's NO
ipring, no vitality. A yltallilng tonic such
a. this vegetable extract Of Dr. Plcrce's
gives you tho power 10 force yourself
Into action. Tie brain responds " thu
new blood In circulation, and thus YOU'RE
ready ~ make light against stagna,
ton which holds you In bondage, Try
now Don't waltl ,re day |. ,hs
day 10 b~gln. Gain q little -pcp' and
laugh and live. Vim and vitality are the
natural oat-ponrlng Of q healthy body.
II does not spring up IN night Try
this sprlnS tonic, and You gain tho eour
age .1.as w''h good health
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1918-05-14
|. W. W. ACTIVITY

The general impression that the
l. W. W. have gone out of business
seems to be Ill founded. The men,
bers, operating in groups or as in
dividuals in scattered communities,
have been playing the same old game
OF destruction and devastation all
the more effectively, perhaps. be-
cause they play ii furtively. VIII
liam c. Fits, assistant attorney gen.
eral Of the United States, addressing
the Mississippi state bar association
revealed an almost incredibly array
Of sabotage practices
He has evidence. he says. that the
l. W. W. have prevented the raising
OF crops by practicing sabotage in
the planting. sowing and reaping
They have put phosphorus balls in
shocks of wheat, in bales of hay and
in barns. They have destroyed har-
vesting machinery and placed dyna-
mite in the sheafs. They have des-
troyed mature fruit trees by driving
copper nails into them below the
surface OF the ground.
They have destroyed mining ma
chinery. especially in the copper
mines and in the mines where the
minerals essential to the conduct Of
the war are mined or produced. They
have fired the forests. particularly
the forests Of spruce; that being the
wood essential for making airplanes.
They have destroyed saws IN the
sawmills by driving pieces Of steel
or iron IN the longs so as to break
the band saws and unnerve the
sawyers. They saw lumber shorter
than standard lengths.
The I. W. W. have surrounded
court houses and packed court rooms
for the purpose Of putting over their
plans. They have taken possession
Of railroad trains and assaulted and
murdered the train crews. They mis-
send freight. misplace signals lights,
and put emery dust or sand in Jour
nal boxes. on railroad cars.
Members OF the organization
place foreign substance in food in
hotels and restaurants, break crock
cry, dip table forks in crude oil, use
stinkpots in dining rooms and put
bedbugs in beds. They plant trees
upside down, hoe up potato vines in
stead Of weeds. bruise apples and
other fruit in packing. They re-
move units from carefully adjusted
machinery, misplace and omit parts
of copy in printing Offices and put
foreign substance in canned good"
And why do they engage in all
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1918-05-14

only held up provisions needed by
the housewife and made them dearer
but have delayed the garbage before
front doors until II has compelled
universal attention to its immense
volume as well as 10 the inconven-
ienee from Its overstay. In the street.
Hog raising has been proposed as
a remedy for the lack Of food and
the superabundance OF rotting waste.
Vegetable garbage and greasy SUBJ
stances In the boxes over which Pa.
risians have been stumbling nightly
since the war began would. Il Is es-
serted. fatten 100000 hogs each
year, and pork is now worth 80 cents
Ia pound.
Thousands OF errant dogs nourish
themselves on the contents Of gar
bage boxes. and q great many Of the
dogs have been spreading hydropho-
bia. trn
The proposal embraces municipal
markets for the sale Of fresh pork.
eliminating middlemen's profits and
providing competition against deal
ers who, in spite Of all efforts to con-
troll retail prices. have found means
OF steadily pushing mp profits. II
is estimated that the gross revenue
from the enterprise would be lOo.-
100000 francs year. all OF II near
iy clear gain for the city.