davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1918-06-13
All Should Aid Y. M. @. A.

The folks at home can make no mise
take in doing all they can to aid the Red
Cross and the Y. NJ. C. A., as the work
they are doing is much more important
than people realize
Through the aid of the ''Y'' we hear
many of America S most noted musi-
clans and readers and this has a wonder
full influence to keep up the morale
of the forces in France. Not long ago
| had the good fortune to make quite
trip and visited several towns and as
the weather was very cold we were
anxious to find a warm place so the pro-
vost officer directed us to the Y. M. c. |
A., and say, if the folks at home could /
see the way we were made to feel at
home there never would be any question
about the good thing it was doing. We
were cold and hungry and as soor as We
came in the man in charge made room
for us by the stove and insisted on
bringing us cup of hot chocolate and
sat down and began to chat with as and
when it was train time I was very sorry
hat 1 had to leave the place as never
'elt more at home in my life.
All the boys of Company f are in fine
iealth and are working hard. $
see the Eagles took $500 Liberty +
onds. 1t made me feel good and I wish f
could thank each and every member y
or it. Some people knock the Eagles n
ut when it comes to backing "Old o
lory" we take no back seats. 70
Higgs is in the 146th Field artillery .,
ut l never heard from him since we +,
roke up in Camp Greene, N. C. W
| must close with best regards TO YOU Ii
Id again thanking you for your very in
nd thoughts and actions in our be- n,
If, am 60
Your friend,
DON. L.
TT. Don c. Fisher,
mpany f, 10th Engineers II,
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1918-06-13
WOULD ELIMINATE ASSESSMENTS
DURING YEARS 1919
AND 1920
GOES TO MINES COMMITTEE
Senator Henderson of Nevada Intro
duces Measure in Upper House
of Congress.

A joint resolution providing for the
suspension Of assessment work on min
ing claims during the years 1919 and
l92O has just been introduced in the u.
). senate by Senator Henderson of
Nevada, the senator advises the Free
Press. Persons holding mining claims
in the United States have been exempt
from assessment work during the years
1917 and 1918 by Congressional legisla-
tion, it having been felt that much
labor ordinarily devoted to assessment
work, in order that the claims might be
held, should be employed in wartime
activities. Under the law, assessment
work to the amount of 800 is required
annually on every mining claim, so that
it may be held by the. claimant.
Why Bill Is Introduced
Now that indications point to con-
tinuance of the war until 1892. provi |
sion is about to be made to exempt
mining claims from assessment work |
during the ensuing two years.
% The resolution which will be pleasing
to the large number of mining men in
Idaho county has been referred to the
committee on mines and mining. Text
of the resolution follows:
Resolved by the Senate and House
of Representatives of the United States
of America in Congress assembled, that
the provision of section twenty-three
hundred and twenty-four of the revised
statutes of the United States which re-
4uires ON each mining claim located, I
md until patent has been issued there
'or, not less than 800 worth of labor to
'e performed or improvement to be made g
Turing each year, be, and the same is
hereby, suspended during the years 1919 }
md 1920: Provided, that every
laimant of any such mining claim in
rider to obtain the benefits of this "
esolution shall file or cause to be filed u"
a the office where the location notice
r certificate is recorded on or before hi
ecember 81, of each of the years 1919 VI
nd 1920, a notice of his desire to hold da
nd mining claim under this resolu-
on: Provided further that this reso- re
ton shall not apply to oil placer loca- st
pms or claims. tn
No Amendment or Repeal. oW
- This resolution shall not be deemed TN
amend or repeal the public resolu-
ms entitled joint resolution to relieve Inc
owners of mining claims who have =
en- mustered into the military or del
val service of the United States as TAI
icers or enlisted men from performing owe
essment work during the term of such I
vice, approved July II, 1917, and SON
Mt resolution to suspend the require por
nts of annual assessment work on She
ling claims during the years 1917 yea
1918, approved October >, 1917" r
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1918-06-13


r stand French so missed great deal OF
it.
Sees Uniform of Napoleon.
In another museum ] visited was a
uniform that Napoleon wore when at the
height of his reign and quite a col
lection of firearms and many antique
articles of worship. There were several
old lead coffins and in one was the
skeleton and / tell you i kind of got
cold feet Several old plates were
there from which were printed famous
documents in French history. A won
derful collection of coins and seals
The charter Of the town signed by one
of the kings was told that in the
early days the building was a church
and one of the French queens worship |
ed there and cared for the grounds and |
after her death the French people caus-
ed it to be made museum. The grounds
were very pretty.
The city has park that perhaps is
the most picturesque spot here There
are trees from all parts of the world
and the most wonderful collection of l.
rose bushes l ever saw. The little pond
is filled with gold fish and is also the s
home Of three large swans, two black i
and one white The white swan has ]
sea gull for a pal and l guess the gull S
has his wing clipped as it is always \
there This is great place for the peo- I
pie to spend Sunday as it is a great il
loafing place. f
The houses here are all of stone and Il
appear to be very old and are rooted Ii
with slate. The streets are very crook Ia
ed and irregular and appear to have W
been built to conform with the build h,
ngs and in many cases the sidewalks az
Keep getting narrower until they dis w
appear into the building. The streets al
re paved with stones. it
Most Men in Uniform.
At the present time nearly every man
ou see is in uniform and people are ii,
rearing mourning. 81,
The American troops make the French mi
it up and take notice as they march du
D and fro with their smart and snappy q
ctions and each American seems to TO
lick his head in the air with the APP Id
earanee of saying: ''Do you know con
no amg Well, l belong to Uncle of
am. -
1t makes a fellows blood Jingle at of
treat when all is quiet except the of
md to to see cold Glory" slowly the
me down with the appearance of pro- hui
sting and to see every man standing sta
ect and at present arms to do homage oui
the flag and all that it stands for ane
ID you kind Of wonder how the fellows for
home feel when they should be over be
re with u.s. drr
We have a fine, big Y. M. c. A. here her
W and it is surely a wonderful place and
+ us when we are too far from home clai
those whom we are thinking of al ord
US. Whenever you enter the Y. NJ. reso
A. there is the feeling that you are in I
title nearer home than you We're. as or {
attendants are always kind and Dec
'ndly and / tell you many letters are and
item there that otherwise would have said
N neglected. A fellow kind of tion
ks more of the best of things when Iutio
IS under the mfiunce of the Y. M. G. tions
Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1918-06-13
GRANGEVILLE MAN WHO rs
OVER THERE SENDS LET
TER HOME.
DESCRIBES MANY PLACES
Tells Thomas Thompson of Activities
During Leisure Time Abroad
Nothing About War.

ll The accompanying letter was writer
/ TO Thomas Thompson by Don G. Fisher
a Grangevile boy now in the army il
France:
' In France, May 10, 1915
Thomas Thompson,
lGrangeville, Ida.
Dear Tommie:
I'd | have been planning ON writing to
Is you for some time to thank you for
l3gour tboughtfulness, in sending the
10 magazines, which we all appreciated
very much.
Y To n westerner, France has many
wonderful things and have been very
iortunate while here, in being able to
N5isit some Of the larger cities and while
here making it a point to try and find
4 tut some of its history and visiting the
( 'istorial points
n This city holds many wonders for me
hfuch as an old castle, two or three old
museums, a cathedral in which several
y IF the historical persons of France
y anne to worship in their time.
One Sunday, in company with com
sade from Portland, climbed the little
winding stairway which led into the
b, over and when at last we came into
a little room we paused and gazed
through little hole in the wall and
sauch to our surprise we had wonder
III view of the interior of the main
Dom where the good French came to
ay their respect to those who were
J acred to them. While we were engag-
d in watching, the choir began to
liant and it sounded wonderful as it
'choed through the little room.
Much Courtesy Displayed.
We then began to ascend the little
sfairway and at last arrived at the I
suide' S room, where we were greeted I
18th much bowling and French lingo and a
18th the old gentleman as guide we '
imbed into the tower and then through {
little door and were at last in mar a
Wv place on the outside of the tower {
I'd such a sight | may never see again. Fl
'le whole of this wonderful city Law W
sread out for miles and the river with b
wonderful bridges lay directly be- IL
lath us. / really don t know how he
, gh We were, but climbing up "A little A
ndng stairway which was very dark
llde 1t seems much higher.
, Next we we're shown into the place In
icre the chimes hung and while there Cr
~ bells began to ring and while it tn
inds very pretty at a distance there TIN
sn I great deal of music there.
each bell is the date and source ma
m whence it came. Next we were cia
zen into another part of the tower full
/ there were several old dates such of
1885, 1888, 1775, and then our guide h
h much pride showed us an old in tril
iptiop and the date was 1904. This the
nded fishy to me but / understand ann
t the building was erected many vos
rs before that time so it might he all A..
at. soo
Ola Timnel Is Dangerous. hon
rom the old castle to this cathedral abo
a tunnel, but it has become so dan wer
Gus no one is allowed to go through, cam
Tough l would have attempted it if for
NIL H. IL.
The Washington times., 1918-11-24

children. Teachers have q very firm be-
lief in their own ability to Judge the in
telligence Of their pupils, in spite Of the
with the results Of mental examinations
have been shown to be decidedly low.
Physicians are also very prone to make
snap judgments Of people and, because of
their personal contact with a large num-
Der OF people Of all classes, they come to
believe tremendously in their own ability
in this direction. The physician, OF course,
is not primarily judging intelligence, in
the narrow sphere Of the psychologists
definition. He is Judging rather that
larger and wagner thing we call 'charsc-
ter
There is, however, 4 group of physi-
clans who are daily passing judgment In
This group includes the psychiatrists, the
physicians In institutions for the feeble
minded and some others who happen by
chance to be repeatedly called in to a
probate court to pass upon cases Of sus-
pected insanity and feeble-mindedness
Most Of these believe thoroughly that that
magical thing known a. experience has
endowed them with the gift Of estimating
the intelligence Of q case after q brief In
terView, in which appear certain stock.
questions about the President Of the
United States, and so forth. Most of
them scorn any assistance that mental
tests may give them
The children to be passed on, in Pro
lessor Primers experiment, had all been
ranked previously BY standard mental
tests, which were accepted by those who
had to give their opinions.
Their pictures are shown here arrayed
n the order Of intelligence as established
by these tests, reading from left to right
and downwards.
OF the children Numbers 1 and are
classed by the standard tests as very
bright; Numbers 4, and as normal;
Numbers z, s and 8 as backward, and
Numbers 10, II and IL as feeble-minded.
In fact these three are now inmates Of
an institution for the feeble-mindsd.
The observers represented q high aver
age Of intelligence themselves. They were
just the people you would have selected
to pass on the intelligence Of children.
They were grouped in four classes,
The Washington times., 1918-11-24

be classed somewhat shove normal, as Q
bright boy, The next two smallest aver
age deviations are those of children Nos.
and 8, the two who receive the lowest
average rank.
The observers as q whole differ least
as to which they consider the brightest
child and which the two least intelligent.
No. was repeatedly called stupid and
often 'imbecilic,' and some observers
pointed to the position Of the hands as
suggesting the picking OF the fingers seen
sometimes In idiots No. 5 IL, as a mat
ter Of fact, a perfectly normal child. No.
8 was called wild and silly and receives
the lowest ranking according to our OBJ
servers. BY the standard mental tests
she would be considered q backward but
not feeble-minded child.
The largest average deviation Is that
Of child No. 8. According to the stand
ard tests he ranks ninth and would be
cIassed as backward but not feeble
minded. The average rank Of the OBJ
servers places him seventh. Many OBJ
servers place him low because Of his
rather expressionless face, but the large
average deviation is caused by a few OBJ
servers who place him very high. Al
though this was never openly acknowl-
edged, the writer suspects that in some
of these cases the observers were in
huenced by his glasses and placed him
high because Of the intelligence conveyed
by those useful adornments.
Comparing the rank obtained by the
observers as a group in column two with
the rank according to. the mental tests In
The Washington times., 1918-11-24
CAUT1ON-Before You Read This Article
Pick Out Your Selection Of the Brightest Boy and
Girl and Then You Can See Whether Your Judg
mer1t Is Better Than the Wise Psychologists Who
Blundered So Badly in Prof. Pintners Experiment

AN you "sise people up from their
looksT Most people think they
can. Recent scientific expert
ments made 1t pretty plain that you can
not
1t was Professor Rudolph Pintner, of
the Department Of Psychology Of Ohio
State University, who decided TO demon
strate whether or not you really could
Judge peoples intelligence by their looks.
He collected q dozen photographs Of
young people Of all degrees Of intelligence
from exceptionally bright students to In
mates Of an institution for, the feeble
minded. These photographs, which are
printed above on this page, were handed
around to al sorts Of people from doc
tors and lawyers and wise professors of
psychology down the line to typswriters.
And the joke Il that the experts on
psychology frequently picked out the pic.
ture Of an inmate Of an asylum for the
feeble-minded as their idea Of the bright
est individual IN the Lunch.
But before going any further with this
article the editor suggests that the reader
stop right here and select from the pic
lures printed above the brightest boy and
the brightest girl Then read on and you
will be able to ind out whether you
have fallen into the same errors that the
college professors made.
Nobody picked out the photographs in
the correct order Of their real intelli-
gence. Strange to say the only approach
to accurate Judgment was shown by an
ordinary stenographer.
The mistake that nearly everyone made
was in judging children by q certain
superficial brightness" OF appearances,
which is shown By these experiments to
be entirely unreliable as a guide to in
telligence.
There Is a widespread belief" says
Professor Pintner in his report in the
Psychological Review, 'that II Is a rela-
lively simple thing to estimate Q persons
intelligence after Q perfunctory CONVEX.
sation with him or even merely by looking
at him. One hears again and again the
expressions, He looks bright and He
looks stupid Such judgments Of intelli-
gence are most often made in regard to
The Washington times., 1918-11-24
Children
Ranked

These results when analysed are full
Of interesting lessons. For instance,
child No. 2. though really of high intelli-
gence, was generally classed as ninth.
"The smallest average deviation" COM
ments Professor Pintner, Els is for child
No. g. This child Is given first place more
frequently than any other child and there
is the least difference OF opinion about
him. Child No. shows the thoughtful
and serious aspect that is commonly as
ISOLATED with superior intelligence. The
tests show him to rank third and he would
Great Britain Rights Reserved.
The Washington times., 1918-11-24

three physicians employed in institutions
for feeble-minded. OF the group Of fifteen
psychologists, all except one had had ex-
perience in giving mental tests. Seven
were devoting most Of their time to clint
cal or abnormal psychology. Four were
graduate students or assistants specialize
ing In mental tests.
OF the eleven miscellaneous people,
three were business men, one was q mar
ried woman, and seven were stenog-
raphers. The group of eleven students
was part Of q class studying the prob
lens Of feeble-mindedness and the
measurement Of mentality. All OF them
had attended clinics throughout the
semester, in which all types OF detectives
were shown, and many Of the students
had had some limited experience with
mental testing. The group OF seventeen
teachers was q summer-school class in
mental measurements made I'D Of teach
ers and superintendent.
A few Of these had had experience in
the giving Of mental tests. All our groups,
therefore, with the exception Of the mis-
cellaneous group, had been brought face
to face with the definite problem Of the
differences Of intelligence that exist in
children.
Although several Of the observers re-
marked on the difficulty Of the expert
ment, none paused because Of any diff
Guilty about the meaning OF intelligence.
AS rule, very little hesitation was shown
by the observers in making their deci-
sions.
The photographs Of the twelve children
Copyright 1918. by Star Company
The Washington times., 1918-11-24
photographs Used By Prof. Pintnsr in
His Interesting Experiment and
Reprinted BY Permission of
the Psychological Review.

column one, we note that the greatest
divergence occurs in child No. IL, who is
ranked second by our observers. This
child has the sparkling eyes and bright
face that conforms so well with our popu-
lar conception Of Brightness and yet she
Is an inmate Of q feeble-miuded insti-
tuition.
The next greatest divergence is in
child No. ., who Is ranked 9.5 by our OBJ
servers. He Is q very bright boy, accord
ing to the tests, and yet his expression
less face and rather awkward pose is in
terpreted ~ intellectual dullness by the
observer. The tests and the observers
both agree In placing child No. about
the middle OF the group. There Is also a
close agreement with regard to child No.
10, whose fat expressionless face Is taken
to be indicativeNof lack Of intelligence.
Child No. IL placed fifth by our OBJ
servers, although what was regarded as
q silly smile by some led them to rank
him low.
1T Is impossible to analyze out of all
the opinions Of the observers any single
factor or set Of factors which seem to
guide Us In our judgments Of intelligence
when confronted with pictures. Some OBJ
servers seem to look at nothing In par
ticular and make their judgments in a
hap-hazard fashion, while others win draw
the most definite conclusions from slight
hints suggested by the hands or face or
clothes Of the child, and In most cases II
would seem as If such conclusions are as
likely to be false as they are to be true.
Some are greatly Influenced by the pleas
ant appearance or smile, but for some the
smile denotes intelligence and for others
1t denotes feeble-mindedness The posi-
tion of'the hands Is allimportant to one
observer. and, II the feet had. been show
ing on all the pictures, It Is probable that
they would have been Of diagnostic value
for some observer. Several observers con-
fessed being greatly influenced by the re-
semblance Of some of the photographs to
children OF their acquaintance and It Is
doubtless true that everyone Is Influenced
in this way, consciously or unconsciously.
ut is the writers opinion that the
trivial things mentioned here are at WORK
in the snap judgments that we make OF
people in everyday life, and that they are
also at work, perhaps to a lesser degree,
in the judgments Of children made BIZ
teachers. physicians and psychologists.
who do not use mental tests for purpose
Of mental diagnosis"
The Washington times., 1918-11-24

namely nine ply
sicians, fifteen
sy chologis Is,
eleven miscellane-
Gus, eleven stu
dents and seven
teen teachers. The
group Of physi-
clans was made up
of two &c n eral
practitioners, one
tuberculosis spe-
cialist, one skin
spe cialist, one
anaesthetist, one
physical director Of
a large public.
school system, and
The Washington times., 1918-11-24

were shown to these people in turn and
they wrote out what they considered the
order Of intelligence Of the youthful sub
jects. From their answers the following
table was compiled by Professor Pintner,
showing the rank Of the children by
standard tests, the rank according to the
sixty-three observers and the average
deviation In their Judgments:
Turner County herald. (Hurley, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-20
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Turner County herald. (Hurley, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-06-20

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