davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
BOARD TO ADJUST
WAGE DISPUTES
Will Be Named Within Thirty
Days for Purpose Of Avert
ing Rail Strikes.

WASHINGTON. Jan. 1O.-A wage
. adjustment board to adjust railroad
wage controversies during govern
ment operation will be appointed
within 80 days, it was announced fol-
lowing a conference between Direc-
tor General McAdoo and brother
hood chiefs here late Friday.
The brotherhoods, at the same time,
have agreed not to strike until this
. board has passed on any case in dis
pute.
The boards findings are not bind
ing unless ratified by the director
general.
The board will consist of five men,
bers, it is believed
While it is understood no pledge
has been given against strikes should
- the boards rulings be considered un-
favorable, it is nevertheless thought
that, bearing the workers. indorse-
ment. the plan virtually amounts to
a strike embargo for the remainder
of the war.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
UNCLE SAM WANTS
SHIP CRAFTSMEN

WASHINGTON, Jan. uO.-There
are not enough ship craftsmen in the
United States to do the drafting work
needed to carry out the naval and
merchant ship-building programs.
Our country is engaged in the execu-
ton of the greatest warship con-
struction plan in history, comprising
7S7 vessels, including all types from
superdreadnaughts to submarine
chasers. Naval appropriations aggre-
eating nearly two billions of dollars
have been made since August, 1916.
Coincident with the demand for
increased naval work there is an
equally urgent call for an increase of
merchant ship construction. 1t is be-
! traylng no secret to say that in both
branches there is a shortage of
technical men available for the work.
The United States Civil Service
commission is endeavoring to relieve
the dearth of ship craftsmen by rec
! ommending to the heads of, colleges
and technical schools that senior stu
dents in engineering courses be given
intensive training in naval architecture
,, during the coming spring, with a
view to making them available for
, employment as ship craftsmen in
! June. The commission is also reoeiv-
; ing applications from qualified archi-
; tectural, mechanical, and structural
steel craftsmen, and is certifying them
| for employment in the navy depart
! ment and in navy yards on ship work.
| Local boards of civil service ex-
! aminers at the postoffices in all of
the larger cities are furnishing de-
| tailed information and applica ton
blanks. Applicants are not required
to appear in an examination room for
! written examination, but are rated
upon their education, training, and
experience.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
LIABILITY FIRMS Die
HARD; 0USTED IN OHIO

COLUMBUS, Ohio, Jan. 1o.-The
recent ruling by Attorney General
McGhee that private liability compan-
les can not do business in this state,
because of the Ohio workmen's. COM
pensation act is not acceptable to
these concerns. They have secured a
temporary injunction against the state
industrial commission and are now
preparing to fight the ruling to the
state supreme court, if necessary.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
SCHNAB TIPPED OFF,;
PRIVATE CAR STORED

NEW YORK, Jan. 10.-Last week
Charles NJ Schwab, of the Bethle-
hem steel corporation, was given
much newspaper publicity when he
said he would put his private rail-
road car in storage during the war
"to conserve COAL"
In later editions the same news
papers, in announcing the govern
ment's control of railroads, stated
that Director General of Railroads
McAdoo would probably put an end
to the numberless private cars that
are. being hauled by railroads to
transport one man.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
LABOR AND EMPLOYERS
CLASH IN WASHINGTON

SEATTLE, Jan. 10.-Trade' union
lists oppose a special session of the
legislature. Employers associations
are urging Gov. Lister to assemble
the law makers for the purpose of
passing laws necessary to meet ex-
listing conditions" Many of the en-
ployers are openly demanding con-
scription of what they term twill
fully idle" men-their reference to
strikers.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
WATER power SEIZED
BY u. S. GOVERNMENT

WASHINGTON. Jan. 1O.-By order
of the president. the government will
commander all~power generated or
imported into this country from
plants near Niagara Falls for war
industries in that vicinity and Buff
falo. Scarcity of coal caused the
president to take this action. Extern
sion of the power plants at Niagara
Falls is being advocated and steps
may be taken to make available the
tremendous stores of power in these
falls
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
SHOP WORKERS GAIN.

THURMOND, w. Va, Jan. 10
After 4S-hours' strike Railroad
Helpers and Laborers' union, affili-
ated to the A. +. of L., secured the
eight-hour day and increased wages
so cents a day.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
KERENSKY HAS BANK
ACCOUNT OF $161,67o

PErRoGRAD, Jan. 1o.-An ac-
count totaling $4,000 rubles Cap
proximately. Isl 6l,670)>. was y. found
Saturday in~one bank under the name
of former Premier A. F. Kerensky.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1918-01-12
HOUR LAW STIFFENED.

TOPEKA, Kan, Jan. 1O.-The
state laundry board has abolished the
provision which allowed an employer
to extend the work day to 10 hours
whenever he saw fit to declare an
emergency The board orders that
the straight hour day be put
into effect.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-09-20

i' determined 10 pass The whole Hin
icnburg line within a month Cambria
was ln incident an eyperlmcn, with the
tank, in lgl7.
To grind on against counter attacks
such as the orc moppcd up Thursday
great forces must lie in reserve. 1t is
apparent that the British are in q scrl-
ou, operation OF which We have seen
only the beginning ! believe General
Iiaig has prepared to accept b'g casual
ties to carry ON between DuuaI, Cam
hui and 81, Quentin
n the German counter attack was
lrr'rd ou' rcsolmc'v with dreadful
sacrifice. thr only reason that 10 dfl
not succeed m pnring the British down
s that 1t was carried through with iu-
sufficient reserves There can be only
0nc cause ipr German countcr-at'ack
without sufficient division, 10 insure its
ucccss and that is the enforced spread
ing out OF the whole Gcrmln force over
20 greata an area, in too many zones OF
dlrHg-
! believe the time ha, passed for a
major enemy coun'cr-attaCk ! think he
has accepted the defensive and is bar
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-09-20
Won HERTLING AN
EXHAUSTED MAN

WASHINGTON, Sept 2O-Count
Won Hcruing, according to an article
in the Boersen leitung, a synopsis OF
which was received here in an official
dispatch from France today gives the
impression Of an exhausted man, tired
OF power and worn out by events The
paper says there are so few men in the
empire capable OF acting as political
leaders that II is necessary 10 make
use to the fullest OF the strength and
capabilities OF an old man, who, aitcr
all. has rendered eminent services.
The different parties in the reichstag
are preparing for a continuation OF the
discussions in the principal committees
IN the relchStag which will meet on
September a.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-09-20
DRUGGISTS CLOSE EARLY,
MANDATE OF ASSOCIATION

Drug stores shall he closed each
night at 7 o'clock. voted the Retail
Drucgis,, association at a meeting yes
,crdly afternoon This measure was
aldptcd because further drastic appli,
cation OF the work or fight law IN the
city may cripple service A definite
date 10 begin early closing will I've ar
ranged at a meeting TO be held Sep
tcmher so.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-09-20

events with teams representing the
Mcad1whrook Athletic club OF phila-
'eInhla, the Chicago Athletic as,ocia-
q D. Great Lakes. M, Athletic club AMI
Pelham BAY naval training station
ranking as layorite' TO bag the largest
ull OF points.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1918-09-20

Shooting ls Alleged Jess St.u9un. mo-
.ru. arrested two weeks nEo ON O. charge
~ shooting Mary Nichols negro wum-
an with Intent TO klll was given "a
preliminary trial this morning before
Robert " Moupin, justice OF the peace
ne entered plea Of not guilty and was
held for trial In the district court
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
Tdy Canoeur tn New Wav
eBes A mat

loaded deep with supplies for our boys
cover there" moving seward in a
quiet and businesslike way, thrill Of
assurance swelled the hearts of these
two young Americans assurance Of in
evtabl victory in the end Tom wore
no uniform. but ne had on war ser
vice shipbuilding badge one Of the
vast army of workers whose services
are of such great value to their coun-
try.
People were crowding around them
against the rail eager to get good look
at the strangely painted vessel grea.
sweeping curves of color stemming her
bow, huge masses Of wildly contrast
ing colors along the side, the quaint
design streaming away up into her
supcrstructure and twining about the
masts and stacks Mary exclaimed in
open-eyed wonder:
Isis that what they call camou-
fage p
And perhaps it was because her com
panion happened to know something
of the scientific theory of battle paint
ing that small panic was apparently
averted on board this excursion boat.
Or, news frequently being scarce in
newspaper Offices on Monday mornings.
it is possible that the incident was
made the most Of by the reporter who
chronicled the affair. Nevertheless it
serves our purpose admirably.
Suddenly a sense Of uncasiness took
hold Of the passengers crowded upon
the upper forward deck. The oncoming
ship was looming big across their
range OF vision The captain Of the
excursion boat stuck his head out OF
window Of the pilot house with look
Of anxious scrutiny at the approaching
vessel. The bell to stop sounded up
from the engine Yoom--then to back
Passengers started up uneasily. The
officers slipped quietly among them to
quell alarm. Then somebody shouted
"God! That big steamers goin' to
run us down."
Shut up, you fool" shot from Tom.
"She's only painted that way. Go
ahead. captain. you're all right; she's
bearing six points on coming nowhere
near usl"
The captain was quick to sense tho
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

The spending of the 5000, 900 made
available for the Labor Department
has been put in the hands of the
United States Housing Corporation
This corporation was established with
capital of SlO0,0OO,OO0, with the fol-
lowing officers: Mr.. Eidltz, director
Of the Bureau of Industrial Housing,
president; Mr.. Leland, assistant d.
rector of the bureau, vice president;
Mr.. Fenner, general manager of the
bureau, secretary; Mr.. Box, fiscal
supervisor Of the bureau, treasurer.
Other members of the corporation are:
Mr.. Alvord, chief Of engineering; Mr..
Shannon, manager of the real estate
division; Mr.. Kerr. chief counsel, and
Mr.. Olmstcd chief town planner.
Already land has been purchased in
more than a dozen cities. Old hotels
have been bought for remodellins
Contracts are under way at Bethle-
hem, Penn, Charleston and Ports
mouth, Va.
III w aShlnStOn dOrmlCOrleS Tor WOm-
en- workers, known as residence halls,
are being constructed with cafeteras,
central auditoriums and small recrea-
ton halls. Apartment houses, group
dwellings,, semi detached houses and
cottages, both for skilled and unskiled
labor, are in process Of construction
Two great questions were before the
commission when it began to plan for
the spending of this fund and for the
still larger funds which it is conf
IDENTIFY expected will shortly have to be
placed at its disposal. The first was as
to the character of construction
whether it should be temporary or per
manent. The second was whether the
money should be loaned in part or in
whole to local agencies, or whether the
whole thing should be kept under gov
eminent control.
The first question has not been
brought to any general conclusion. The
small amount of money available as
compared to the needs and the time
necessary to construct permanent
buildings gives a decided tendency tow
ard the rushing Of temporary work.
But the discovery that fairly per
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

real situation. "Haw, haw! get We.
boy!' he responded, then rang to %
ahead full speed. And everybody
laughed.
All Of which illustrates this point:
Modern naval warfare no LONGER
reckons upon "invisibility" as a dcfen
slVe factor in ship camouflage against
enemy submarine attacks. All that sor+
OF thing is an exploded fallacy. In.
deed, authorities finally have arrived
at the conclusion generally that paint
itself, being dependent upon light. will
not overcome shadows. AS a matter Of
fact, the cid masters discovered that
truth many centuries ago.
And the young man to whom we have
alluded as Tom happened on the above
occasion TO know what he was talking
about. He afterward explained that a
friend OF his was a famous artist who
was an expert camouheur in the service
Of the camouflage department of tho
United States Shipping Board He had
got 1T straight from this camoufeur-
all about the wonderful stunts which
are now being done in the camouflare
painting of ships
Camouf1age on land is successfully
pract'sed along the lines Of protective
coloring and "nvisibilty" But ca
noufagc applied on similar principles
TO moving ships Is "a horse OF diff
ferent color" Sea sky color LIGHT
conditions constantly changing: and
the elusive horizon. always a most Diff
hcult matter to deal with--Such oualt.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
There Are ESQ
Ways Of Doing 1t.

Many ard brave have been the at
tempts to house the workingman. For
merely manufacturer wishing to
house his employees hired local builder
and went ahead. Mill villages" de-
pressing rows of detached houses, were
the result.
Some go housing developments
good, bad and Indifferent, including
employers enterprises and model hous-
ing schemes, exist to-day. American
architects are just now beginning to
realize the advantages of the group
house which has been used with sue
cess in England for many generations
Those who look favorably upon it say
that it is easy to heat. that it costs
less to build and that because Of its
better proportions better designs may
be used III its construction.
Those who cling to the dctached
house associate the group house with
the terrace" as it is called in the
Middle West, long row Of stereotyped
and monotonous houses. But it is
rather question of taste and intelli-
gence on the part Of the builder than
that either one type of house or the
other should be in the majority. Group
houses may be varied. Detached houses
may nave the monotony of the mill
village"
1t is not the intention of the govern
ment in the person of the housing ad
ministration to foist any pet scheme
of housing upon the public. Certain
standard types of houses for permanent
construction, however, have been
evolved by the Industrial Housing Blu
rcau.
Nine types OF houses are provided
for:
The single family house.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
Difficulty of
Choosing a Policy

The corporation has finally decided
against making loans to cities or firms
for housing purposes, after having
trled IN vain to work out a suitable
method of doing this. 1t proved i'm
possible to reach any general or salts
factory agreement with those seeking
the loans as to terms and the propor-
ton of funds to be furnished bv each
sac TO the agreement. The negotia-
tons took up considerable time and
showed no sign of reaching a con-
clusion, and so were abandoned
different policy has been pursued
by the Emergency Fleet Corporation.
which has the administration of the
second $50,00O,0O0 fund. It's division
OF housing and transportation controls
the disbursement for transportation
and living accommodations in and
about the shipyards. Its policy is to
make appropriations from its fund as
loans to the subsidiary corporations,
which build the properties according to
their own estimates of the need of per
manency. The corporations are thcn
owners of the properties, and. Of
course, responsible for the invest
ments. The Fleet Corporation, how
ever, retains control of sales. renting
and restrictions on the property for six
months after the war. 1t also must
approve the selection of architects. en-
C'neers, contractors and so forth. and
determines the amount of compensa-
ton for each.
One of the questions which enters
most seriously into the matter of the
permanency -of the construction is
that of the possible increase of the
land values. This, Of course. will be
great If the plant around which the
houses arc built remains in opcrat;on
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
First Appropriation
Only Two Months Ago

1t was however, only after nearly
years delay from the time that this
country entered the war that the gov
eminent began to take action. 1t was
January 4, 1918, when Pres dent Will
son authorized the Department of La
Dor to administer the whole question
of housing and transporting labor, and
it was February before the Bureau of
Indus trial Housing and Transportation
was established, for the purpose Of
meeting the housing problem in cities
having factories working on govern
mcnt contracts
And it was not until. about two
months ago that Congress made its first
appropriation of S5OO00,0O0 for hous-
ing construction An extra S10,0G0,000
was voted to construct government
houses and hotels in Washington for
accommodations for government clerks
congestion. Last month another S40,-
100000 was made available for the
honsing of war workers OF this total
$on,000,000 went to the Department of
Labor and S5o,o0o,oo0 to the Shipping
Board.
All this however, according to Law
renee WELLER, secretary of the National
Housing Association, has been "only a
drop in the bucket" The progress made
IN this country up to the opening of the
war had been considerably less than in
Britain, and yet the British government,
has already spent s700,O00,0oo on war
housing, as against the 100000, 900
here, where the problem is, if anything,
bigger
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

ties are Of marked contrast with the
problems arising on land.
CamouHage is an imported article
Alter three years of wartime ex-
Renee England abandoned all forms Of
marine camouhage but one. That one
was the battle scheme which she had
been carefully testing for several
months. 1t was the invention of Lieu
tenant Commander Norman Wilkinson
r. N. V. r. BY long experience this
famous English marine artist had be-
come convinced that the moment a sub
marine comes to the surface within
striking distance no method of paint
ing IN the world would render a shin
sufficiently invisible to escape being
seen.
There was time" says Wilkinson
when l thought it possible to increase
or decrease ships visibility. But that
was before the submarine was consid-
cred as real active factor in naval
warfare"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

ment auspices, as given by Mr.. Adams,
for one of the large shipbuilding plants.
where 10000 we'll paid workmen will
be required
"Provision for q population of $4,000
viii have to be made. The proper
thing here would be to create a new
town.
AN area of from twelve to fifteen
square miles of agricultural land
should be acquired within three or FIVE
miles of the plant, near to main
line Of railway. Rapid transit should
be provided to enable the workers TO
get tc the plant within fifteen or twenty
the town should be planned and
water supply and other works installed,
roads and sewers built, theatres, stores
and public buildings erected. Aux
iliary industries should be provided for
and encouraged. Private enterprise
should be invited to assist in the
structural development The capital
employed need not be greater than
what viii be needed for any ether kind
OF scheme, as the saving in cost of land
VIII be sufficient to pay the cost of
providing public utilities and social
services. After paying, say, or s per
cent on the capital employed all profits
should revert to the community for
the benefit of the town A large por-
ton Of the land should be permanently
set aside as an agricultural estate"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

after the war, but will be nil if its
activities cease with those Of Foch
Thomas Lawson, the English town
planning expert ardently in favor of
permanent housing, lays emphasis on the
advantage of community development
on the Garden City principle, due to
certain increase in the value of the
land converted from agricultural to
building uses. Figures of land values
IN America show that the profits Of
such an enterprise would be greater
than in England.
According to statistics, the market
value in 1906 of the land in Gary, ex-
Guiding that occupied by the plants of
the Steel Corporation, was estimated at
SCALA, 455, and the present value at
S33 $4,000. The increase in the ten
year period, therefore, amounts to ST.
1,445. The examination of the value
of the services rendered by those who
have come into the possession of this
increment indicates that an allowance
of perhaps 100000 should be made for
necessary administrative expense; that
not more than $1,000, 900 should be
credited because OF taxes advanced on
unused lands, and that $4,O25,712.7O
should be allowed as having been paid
by landowners for local improve
ments. The total money value of the
services of these beneficiaries of the
increment amounts, then, to $685.
712.7O. The amount of the increment
which might conceivably have been
conserved is thus found to be s21.-
S05 1920.
Investigations made in the United
States" says Mr.. Adams, "show that a
fair estimate of the increment of land
value produced by community develop
ment, after deducting the value which
is attributed to all expenditures for
local improvements, is from $500 to
$500 per capita Assessment valu-
ations of Canadian cities confirm the
figures.
"The creation of a new town of So.
600 people may create an aggregate in
crement of value of $2OOOO.0OO. To
this has been added the profit realiza-
BILE from the usual municipal services
including transportation, water. power
and light"