davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Soldiers of the Don Organ
ize Congress to Rule in
Place of Former
Hetman
Two Stations Stormed
Colonel Mikhailoff and Staff
Flee When Zverevo Is
Captured

PETROG2AD, Jan. 26.-An official
statement issued to-day by the Boil
shevik government says that on
Wednesday the Congress Of Cossacks
from the front was inaugurated at the
military station of Kamcsky and
passed unanimously a resolution de-
claring war on General Kaledinc and
relegating all authority to the con-
gress.
The official statement, which was
sent out by wireless addressed "To
all'' and under the caption of "Thc
Revolution on the Don," begins:
"On Wednesday, at the military sta
ton Of Kamesky, congress Of Co.'S
sacks was inaugurated. Representa-
tives were present from twenty-one
regiments, five batteries and two re-
serve regiments. There were present
also at the congress all Of the partici-
pants in the conference of laboring
Cossackdom which was instituted at
Voronezh on January 10.
General Kaledine gave orders for
the dispersal Of the congress and the
arrest Of tie organizers. The congress
unanimously passed resolution de-
claring war upon Kaledine and rele-
eating to itself all authority on the
Don. A military revolutionary commit
tee was elected, and attachments have
been sent out for the purpose Of
capturing the stations Of Likhaia and
Zverevo. Eighteen officers of superior
rank have been arrested. During the
operations for the capture of the mill
tary station of Zverevo the divisional
STAFF. headed by Colonel Mikhailoff,
fed"
The statement is signed by "Antenoff,
Peoples Commissary" assistant Min
lister Of War).
Navy Democratized
The Congress of All-Russian Work
mems and Soldiers Delegates sitting
here has adopted the following greet
Tngs to the peoples of the principal
nations of Europe and America:
"The Congress of All-Russian Work
mems and Soldiers Delegates salutes
the proletarian organizations of Great
Britain. America, Sweden, Norway,
Switzerland. France, Germany, Aus
tria and Italy. which have always lent
their aid and support to the proletarian
class Of Russia in its struggle for
socialism, The congress sends ardent
wishes for socialism in all countries
and asks for friendly assistance and
support for the Russian socialist rev.
olution."
The Council Of Soldiers and Work
mems Deputies has promulgated de-
cree democratizing the navy and pro-
viding that all officers shall be elected.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Asserts Peasants
Oppose Bolsheviki
Mass Of People Not Support
ing Present Rule, Says Rus
sian Information Head

That the peasants Of Russia, com
prising the mass of the people, are not
supporting the rule of the Bolshcviki
was indicated to-day in G statement
given out by A. J. Sack. director of the
Russian Information Bureau here. The
statement, in part, says:
" was not mere accident that the
conflict between the Bolsheviki and the
Constituent Assembly was personified
In the conflict between Nicolai Lenine
and V: NJ. Chernoff, the chairman Of the
assembly. Chernoff is the recognized
leader OF the party of Socialist Revo-
lutionists, the party Of the Russian
peasantry. The peasantry constitutes
about IS per cent Of Russia's entire
population.
among the many documents con-
nected with the Bolshevik revolt which
we have just received from Petrograd,
OF primary interest for the American
pubic, are two manifestos issued by
the Executive Committee of the All
Russian S1 Council of Peasants Delegates
lhe second manifesto reads:
"'Comradcs! All the Liberties Sc
cured at the expense OF the blood of
your sons and your brothers are now
IN great, mortal danger.
1.-The revolution is perishine, The
country is on the verge of ruin,
ION October % the Bolshcvik fac
ton Of the Social Democratic party and
the Petrograd Council of Workmen's
and Soldiers Delegates. under the
guidance of that faction. usurped
power. and, after having subjected the
Winter Palace to fusillade, they ar
rested the Provisional Government and
the Socialist ministers. among them
two members of the Executive Com
mittee OF the All-Russian Council of
peasants' Delegates-S. L. Maslov and
5. $. Salazkin-thrust them into the
fortress of St. Peter and St. Paul, and
dlsbanded by armed force the prelimi-
nary parliament elected to supervise
the work of the Provisional Govern
ment until the Constituent Assembly
cconvenes. Finally, they declared A. F.
kerensky. the Prime Minister and com
mander in chief Of the army, an Of
lender against the state
Innumerable are the disasters
which this outbreak spells for Russia,
formidable is the crime against the
people and the revolution on the part
OF those who have started the uprising
and sown discord in the country"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Natives Take Americans
Places i'm Philippines

.oS "ASHlNCTON, Jan. 25.-More than
4oo American employees were retired or
o.msFwlse separated from the govern
Men1 service of the Philippine Islands
Amsr;ea 4" sne aast year. leaving only 1910
1nner'cans ~ Hn.ai's IN the service, or approx
OF Americans in the EMPLOY Of the
government there in July. 1918. In
1918 there were 2.623 Americans em.
p!oyed. and In 1916 the number WAS
1880. N' was
While the number Of American en-
ployes was greatly decreased, the num-
Der OF Filipinos in the service showed
q marked stride. Over 1000 more
Tlllplnos were in the service than in
the previous year. the number in 1916
y nsvlng been 1926, as compared with
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Most German Papers
Support Hertling in
Declaration of Aims

LONDON, Jan. 26.-The bulk of the
press opinion thus far received from
Germany supports Count Won Hcrtling
in his declaration Of war aims, but
some dissatisfaction is expressed that
he was not moro precise.
Other newspapers note the difference
between the statements Of the Imperial
German Chancellor and Count Czcrnjn.
the Austro Hungarian Foreign Minis
ter. in regard to negotiations with
Russia.
The Berlin "Vossischc Zeitung," ac-
cording to an Amsterdam dispatch to
The Associated Press, for example,
says that Count Czernin's offer to the
various Russian states Of no anncxa-
tions or indemnities shows that he
considers the dismembcrment of Rus
sia has been accomplished, whereas
1--WE had always believed that Austria
Hungary, like Germany, was negotiat-
ing with the Russian state as whole
or with the aggregate of its people.
1he absence of any reference to this
s1tuatioh ny count Won Hertllng is
mistake, because the question Of how
we stand regarding peace in the East
remains the foundation stone of GEN
eral peace"
The Munich "Neueste Nachrichten."
as quoted in advices from Zurich. Swit-
zerland, complains that Count Won
Hertlings speech failed to meet the
expectations Of the German public. His
words cleared up certain points in re-
gard to Germany's war aims, but full
precision and clearness were absolutely
necessary after the confused impres,
s!ons left by the recent conferences in
Berlin. 40
I'VE recognize the outline, but moth
ing more, of the peace for which the
administration has been striving" this
newspaper declares. But, alas, there
official German policy goes one unoffi-
cal." '''
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
States Industrial Activities
Show Big Gain for 1917

ALBANY, Jan. 25.-Industrial activ;-
ties in New York State for the last
year show a big gain over the pre-
cGedlng year. according to Francis M.
Hugo. Secretary of State. Mr.. Hupo's
opinion is based on the business of thc
states corporation bureau.
me report shows the total receipts
OF the bureau for 1917 were $3.50, ,431 .o2,
or which $2O8,205 came from the filing
of certificates of interpretations. The
number Of firms incorporating durine
the last year was 1889. This Is slipht-
" below that of 1916, for the rexson
that in the latter year many concerns
sprung into existence in the manufact-
ure of goods no longer obtainablc from
Germany.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
He Wants Allies to Submit
to Indemnities and An
nexations, Is Belief
Views Differ on
Czernin's Speech
Some Assert His Plan, if
Accepted by U. S., Would
Affect Germany
[Staf Correspondence

WASHINGTON. Jan. 26-The high
est officials of the government again
declined to-day to comment upon the
Won Hertling and Czernin addresses re-
garding peace terms. One official, how
ever, who was believed to reflect the
views Of the Administration, asserted
that it would be interesting to know
how the country received the speeches
whether the people would be "fooled
by them or take them seriously"
The reaction of the Socialists of Ger
many, reflected in the speech of Philip
Scheidemann, president of the Social
Democratic party in Germany, was of
great interest to officials, and it was
believed by them that whatever reply
was needed to the German and Aus
trian official utterances would be made
by the German people themS selves.
There was anything but reserve in all
Allied circles, diplomatic and military.
In them the opinion was held that
whereas the position taken by the Cen
trail Empires at Brest-Litovsk had
closed the door to peace, the Won Hert-
ling speech had both locked and bolt
ed it.
Germany's Mask Of
ut is an insult to the western pow
ers and to America" one diplomat de-
clared. Germany has thrown off her
mask. What was meant when, at Brest-
Litovsk, the Central Empires declared
for peace without annexatons and
without indemnities was that they
themselves were immune, but that their
enemies must submit to both.
"Take Russia herself as an illustra-
tiNn Of this" he continued. Germany
demands Of Russia terms that are
worse than the war map warrants. She
requires Russia to surrender territories
in the north that are not even occupied
by German forces, and she requires
in Turkey occupied by the Russians.
There is no possibility afforded even
for discussion"
Views on Czernin's Offer Differ
Views concerning Count Czernin's
speech differ.
His suggestion of pourparlers be-
tween Vienna and Washington was
everywhere regarded as most shrewd
stroke, but most diplomats professed
to believe that President Wilson would
not accept the invitation. The move
was regarded as clever maneuvre, in
spired by Germany, to involve at least
one of the major powers opposed to her
in a peace discussion, in the belief
that, once begun, the infection would
spread to other Allied nations, and
that, despite the determination of all
of them to fight to decision, peace on
the plane of draw would be nego-
tiated.
Neutral diplomats express the fear
that Austria would be unwilling to per-
NIT public record to be made of tenta-
tive discussions with the United States
concerning a possible basis for the re-
establishment Of peace, and they also
regard it as unlikely that the United
States would publicly enter into ex-
changes with Austria
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
''Slackerism Is Flaunted,"
Says Security LEAGUE

CHICAGO. Jan. 26.-Oficials of the
Chicago Branch of the National Secur-
ity League to-day protested to Food
Administrator Hoover against advor-
tisements appearing in Chicago news
papers calling upon people to "comc to
California, where the over-supply of
fresh meats has eliminated meatless
day" The advertisements also said
that Director General of Railroads Nc
Adoo has announced that passenger SER
vice to the Pacific Coast will not in any
way be affected by Eastern changes.
This is indefensible advertising and
MIA and avoid all sacrifices which the
entire country is called upon to make.
1t f1aunts slackerism and encourages
it," the protest read.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Arts and Letters Medal
Awarded to Daniel G.. French

1t was announced last night at A.
meeting of the National Institute Of
Arts and Letters, held in the University
Club, tifty-fourth Street and Fifth
Avenue, that the gold medal for dis
tinguished service in arts and letters
had been awarded to Daniel Chester
French.
Augustus Thomas was reelected
president and the institute unanimous.
lly adopted a resolution pledginp its
loyalty to President Wilson.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Northclife Lauds
Naming of Stettinius
Declares He Is Best Busines.
Organizer in Would To-day

LONDON, Jan. 26.-Viscount North
cliffe. in the course of an interview TO-
day. said that the appointment Of Ed.
ward Il. Stettinius in charge of war
purchases for the American army VI.
a piece of world news of the highest
Importance.
"ln my considered opinion" uid
Lord Northcliffc, "hc is easily IL.
ablest business organizer in the ranks
of the Allies or the enemy"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27

siblc person can contemplate such a
possibility without horror to the Brit
ish people; especially are such pros
pects wholly without appeal to the
British people. Don't organize rcvolu-
tions or coups d'setat British labor
desires smooth transition to, q new Or
der working along constitutional lines"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Maxim Gorky Shot
Russian Writer Hit by Stray
Bullet; Wound Is SLIGHT

PETROGRAD. Jan. 26.-Maxim Cor
ky, the widely known Russian author
aud editor of the "Svovodnaia Zhizn."
was struck in the neck and slightly
wounded by stray shot while driving
in d cab to-day, according to a news
paper report published here.
The shot was fired from an unknown
source
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
War Departments Mail

Before the war began the adjutart
generals office in the War Department
at Washington received daily 1000 let.
ters; now it handles 100000. Tho sur.
geon general before the war began Oc.
cupied quarters with 5000 feet Of loof
space; now he has. or wants, 100000
feet of floor space.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Finland Sends Ultimotun,
To Russian Couernmen,

HELSlNGFORS, Jan. 26.-Thc Fin
nIsh Senate has sent an ultimatum n
the Russian government demanding
that Russia cease supplying arms to
rlnn'sh I'm; rioters, who, assisted by Rus
sian soldiers, are committing acta If
violence every day, or otherwise war
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
China Cuts of Exports
OF Goods to Russia

HARBIN. Manchuria, Jan. 26-The
Chinese officials here have cut off all
exports of goods to Russia, thus accent
uating the food shortage in that coun-
try. The Russian frontier authorities
have filed protest, threatening to sus-
pend the operation of the Chinese East
crn Railway.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Czernin Speech
Intended for Ears
OF President Wilson

BASEL, Switzerland, Jan. Recount
Czernin, the Austro- H hungarian FOREIGN
Minister, after delivering his speech
IN reply to the recent addresses of
President Wilson and Premier Lloyd
george, indicated in subsequent re-
marks, under questioning of Socialist
lnterrogators, that the speech had been
delivered quite as much that his views
might come to President Wilson's IT.
tention as for the benefit of those
whom he was Immediately addressing
Count Czernin declined to elaborate
upon his utterances regarding Italy.
Rumania and Serbia.
Il do not wish to return to these SUBJ
Jects; those who desired to understand
must have understood" he said to the
Socialists, who complained that thew
had found obscurity in the passages Of
his speech dealing with the countries
in question.
On the subject of Germany, Count
Czernln pointed out that her situation
vas different from that of Austria.
germany, he said, possessed not only
and it was natural she should not sur.
render the pledges she held until she
had guarantees that she would recover
her possessions. Austria, he added.
had less need Of such pledges.
1t was then that Count Czernin
stated that he had made his speech
not only for the committees ears. hut
in order that President Wilson could
hear it.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27

will Be proclaimed Immediately. The
Russian answer, Just published, con-
tsins promise to demand that the
arms be returned.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27

LONDON, Jan. 26.-Theodor Wolff
editor of the Berlin "Tageblaat," writes
that Count Czernin's suggestion of -
joint discussion of peace terms bv
America and Austria undoubtedly was
made in agreement with the Berlin
government, according to copies Of the
paper received here. AS
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
History Repeats in Russian Chaos

Press
issps % hy ras carried at the top page in recent
~eo expressed briefly Russian revo,,
lows: >'O 1>"'''"' 'eNolu-
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27


consult headquarters by telegraph at
every point.
"The chief army administration" he
said, "is great factor in our life to-
day, and it would not be wise to pass
it by. The tasks which have been put
upon it are tremendous. Upon their
solution still depends the fate Of the
German Empire. By the fact that rep
resentatives of the chief administra-
ton Of the army can only intervene in
debates by agreement with the political
leaders, responsibility for the political
administration is completely secured"
Difficulties were raised for the nego-
tiations. continued the secretary, by
the excited and warlike spirit Of the
press, especially the Berlin press,
which had become tremendous power.
He hoped that it would realize its
responsibilities. A united front in the
face of the enemy countries was necss-
sary for the success of diplomatic
negotiations, he said.
During the debate at Yesterdays sit
ting of the Reichstag Main Committee.
after the speech of Dr. Won Kuehlmann.
Deputy Fischbeck. Progressive. SAID
that the desire Of the peoples on the
Eastern front for Independence should
be supported, but that conditions now
were TOO insecure for the withdrawal of
me troops. ut must be known in Aua-
IRA that VIC desire peace by under-
standing. and not by violence" Denmty
fIschbeck declared. "A substantial no -
or President Wilson's demands are IN
accord with what the Reichstag desires.
Refer to Austrian Distrust
An understanding on the BELGIAN
question is the most important. but
there is no Alsace-Lorraine cNestion
Tor US. Neither can there be ouestion
OK German territory going to pNnnd.
Deputy Fischbeck asserted in conclud-
ing. "1f Premier Lloyd George ar
President Wilson talk about the rirht
of~peoples to determine their own des.
tiny we must refer to the peonles that
are the subjects of Great Britain, such
as Ireland and Egypt"
DR.. Gustav Stresemann. National vih
cral. also said that the Alsace- Lorraine
question could not be discussed. but
that Turkeys integrity must be pre-
served. Chancellor Won Hertlinp al.
ready had said that Germany was not
STRIVING for the annexation Of Relaium
Dr. Stresemann remarked. but the Flem.
lsh IN that country wished for inde-
endence, and the German government
should support the movement. Iithms
an'a had from 10 to so per cont of i.
II iiterates among its population. Dr.
observed.
All the speakers referred to the Aus.
TRAN distrust of the German policy in
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-05-26
HOW POTATO FLOUR Is MADE.

The pioneer marketer of the old
Oregon trail Ezra Meeker, Is not sat
isfied with the laurels he obtained in
the earlier days and he Is now again
serving his country by pioneering in
the manufacture OF potato flour
Potato -four is not a new product
TO MIR. Mecker, for he manufactured
this product for the Alaska trade years
ago. MIR. Meeker recently stated that
a plant for handling potatoes can be
constructed for a few hundred dol
lars from material obtainable any
where in mis- section. which is in the
extreme Northwest.
"A ton of potatoes" says Mr. Meek
er. will produce 500 pounds Of -four"
The process he describes is simple and
inexpensive First the potatoes are
washed clean and then sliced with the
Feelings on and dropped Immediately
into clean water to prevent discolora-
ton and to rinse them. Their as soon
as practicable they are either par
boiled or steamed from eight 70 ten
minutes--lonE enough to cook the
starch-when the slices lost their
opaque appearance and become trans
parent. The cooked slices are then
transferred to a drer and for the first
few hours subjected to a current OF
hot air not greater than 100 degrees
ferenbeit, after which the tempera-
ture is gradually increased TO 40 de-
grees. but no greater.
The drying process Is continued I'M
til the slices are brittle. though il
is immaterial II few here and there
are not thoroughly dried. When taken
off 1.-The kiln. the dried product Is
placed in compact pile In dry room
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-05-26
TRUCK INDUSTRY
ALWAYS OPTIMISTIC

Optimism regarding the future was
always a predominating trait of the
motor truck manufacturers Of Amer
lea. The United States Motor Truck
company. entering the neld or manu-
featuring OF motor wagons for bust
ness almost ten years ago, planned for
the future with every confidence, and
constructed its house upon a stone in
conformity with Biblical injunction.
The company went about the work of
building up a motor truck carefully
and conscientiously. and did not hurry.
for confidence was always present In
the future. and the Messrs. Stewart,
of the Stewart Iron Works, a com
pany established in the early part OF
the eighteenth century. believes thor
oughly that the psychological mo-
ment would arrive when America ana
tho world would recognize the motor
truck as an Indispensable means to
business, and as an absolute neces-
sty.
Through years Of patient endeavor
the truck With the floating power plant
grew and grew, and its fgme spread
gradually at first, then with more
speed. Finally the time came when
the company, content with its years
that II should take a more prominent
position in the world OF motor truck
notwithstanding, and. after careful in
yestiEa ton, the services Of Forrest
j. Alvin were secured as sales man
ager. Mr. Alvin, a veteran OF the
cycling world who had entered and
gained success in the automobile
world at the outset spent months In
travelling and establishing sales con
nections for the com pany closing dis-
tribuOng contracts. and even aidlng
IN biying material Gradually the
business of truck manufacturing grew.
and at the start forced back the bust
ness Of manufacturing wire fence and
steel jail cells. Then came additions
to the big plant at Cincinnati. and
more additions, and the end Is not
yet Mr. Alvin, made general man
ager. surrounded himself with high
grade men and scattered throughout
the country able sales representatives.
and the distribution of the United
States motor truck became Ole of III"
~ nders Of the time, while It's sue
cess placed the company among the
leading four makers OF trucks In
America, And today the Ncssrs
Stewart. r e. Stewart. president, and
r. S Stewart, vice~presideut. are
working 10 place the con- panF N the
leading position among truck makers
With the coming on of the war the
truck gained honors at the far front
ard with the entry Of the United
States into the war the manufactur-
inT in America grew and grew Truck
makers, foresecing the future, built
for the demand and In addition "a
supplying the government with it,
wants. the United states Motor Truck
company is also keeping pace with
demands az home.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-05-26
MOONEf'S LAST EFFORT
FOR NEW TRIAL FAILS

San Francisco, May 24-The last
effort of Thomas J. Mooney, prepared
ness parade bomb plot defendant. to
obtain new trial failed whc-
Superior Court Judge Griffin sustain,
ed the demurrer of the prosecution
to a motion to set aside the convic-
tson and sentence of death imposed
upon the defendant on the allegation
that the district attorney had sup
pressed evidence and was guilty of
fraud AMI malfeasance in Office.
Mooney will be resentenced to death
next Tuesday.
The only hope for the accused now
lies in pardon or reprieve at the
hands of Governor Stephens, TO whom
President Wilson has appealed In his
behalf.