davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21

one BRITISH surgeon reported that mo
tor goggles are often sufficient "a
save the eyes Of a soldier. and a stir
linen collar may prevent the cuttinl
|of the cartoid artery. The helmet
last OF the defensive armor 10 disap.
pear and the first TO come back, ha,
so thoroughly proved its efficiency a,
70 be a good argument for further
armoring Of fighting men. Cases in
point are given.
There have been many instances
whore helmet was dented or broken
but its wearer untouched. and, altho
the percentage OF wounded decreased
after the adoption Of the helmet. thk
was a good sign IN that il meant q
decrease In the percentage of killed.
Indeed, II Is a common thing 20 find
that ball which otherwise would
have penetrated the Uranium has been
Idcfocted and stopt by helmet with
out causing wound.
4 OF the direct causes Of wounds sta b
tsiics show that projectiles Of aver
age enerBg -shell-fraRments aud
shrapnel-arc the most frequent
causing throe-fourths. n not more Of
the total casualties. whereas the bull
LEI from a rifle or machine gun, fre-
qnently az the beginning OF the war.
has become OF much less Importance.
II is found that small projectiies OF
low energy are often the determining
cause Of mortality or inYalldism: but.
us has been stated before, these are
often defiected by the use Of metal
plate.
The use Of armor is stu "A much
debated question, but the adoption of
the helmet has shown its importance.
and, due 90 the fact that the war is
continually creating new conditions
it is becoming matter of vast ina
porlanoe 90 avoid the death of intal-
idism Of the soldier. even ut the cause
Of increased weight
However, this. matter of eNcess
weight may be- soluble one suREes-
tlon Be- the adoption 81 smooth. thick
steel pilates. 20 bent aud arranged
that they present only plancing SUR
faHes, as in specimens OF Golden Age
arinor According 10 Charles Foulkef.
curator of the armorief boz the Tower
OF London, a seriloenbie half -ainar
weighs about thirty pounds. and. 49,
lowing fifteen more for clothes aud
arms, ihis would make d total weight
OF only fort, five pounds. while the
modern soldier carries about sixty
pounds.
MohnNhile, the question 81 Nhs-
ther the American soldier Nill dafh
across tha Rhine. hesieEe Cologns.
and clutieT through Berlin in full o.
NOR Of She Middle Asrs or la fhe
present uniform and steel helmet ih
mofe ~ leas "up 10 the soldier HIM
helf' Again. hH mag look rather iits
the pictured football star. fof Major
Dean and Mr TarhauR $40 working
upon designs of ErsaFsa fhnf Nfli lsr-
Hon fhe arm und leg ununds Ahlrh
hove heen found Gao cnnHiifui HeHpec-
.nfriy aa to 90 per rrnt ~ fhe Nuf
caHuaiiles.
when f Del refnzod fhaf fhros-
fourihs ~ fhc hosuItsl cote ere aoru-
pisd BE- cases which srmor nouid
have prevented. the importance ~ fhe
work being done hy fhe men iu Ihaf
museum Workshop sea MOI l,e over
eHlmafef Thorc, Hherr fhr fiarf.re
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21

But the turn OF events has lifted Air.
HachabN's romantic industry out OF
The realm Of the historical quaint and
intcrcsting into a foremost place la
the history that Is In the making to-
day. The Tribune explains.
Now, thanks 10 him who has kept
alive an art long considered dead.
this country Ia able 10 benefit by the
advice of an expert ia metals. and no
longer does Mr. TachauN labor over
encient pieces, but bends all his ef-
forts, an his cunning, and an his know
tcdge, TO the making Of afmor that
can be worn b. the modern soldier
armOr heavy enough 20 be lnvulncr-
able, light enough to carry.
This question Of weight and. there
fore, practicability OF armor for the
men ON foot-the man who makes
eharge-reVerts 10 the time Of Louis
AN. OF France, when the use OF de
fensive protection had practically dis
appeared and an attempt was made
10 revive the steel helmet Indeed
tho development OF armor from tho
time OF side-arms until the use Of
firearms is one OF exceeding interest
a. this time, In that the government
II reviewing the work OF some Of the
Ereatest OF the old masters Ia Hrmor-
making. with "A view TO reinstatlng tho
hest and most feasible Of the old
methods 0f defensive protection. NO
are turning 20 such experts in the
science Of armor design as Leonardo
da Ninci. Giuiio Romano. Cellini. Hoi-
hein. Duror, Michnelangolo and Others.
IN fact, so completely were armorcd
defonses studied IN the past that to-
day there is scarcely a technical idea
Drought forward which was not work
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21

They were small at first. and provid-
cd with slot Of just sufficient size 10
accommodate a rifle or machine gun.
Later. shields were provided for
sappers, whose duty IL is 20 creep along
cutting barbed-Wiro ontanR lemeuts.
Lying behind small portable shield.
they are protected from the fire Of
enemy sharpshooters
A new development in this line is
the experimenting wnh fnbric shields.
which ARE extremely light In weight
and practically impcnetrable. They
are being made Ia two types-the
single shield. worn In front aud serv-
ing To protect the woaror from bullets.
and the double shield for protecting
the chest and back. These were found
necessary, Ia that high percentage
OF the casualties resulted from flying
shrapnel
detailed description OF these
shields IL obviously Impossible; hut
they consist mainly 81 a pad OF fabric
forming "a book like section, with acv-
eral plates 10 the inch chemically
treated after being made up. inserted
in an outer covering of Khaki. and
the whole sewcd up. Altho this does
not sound particularly soryioeab bile,
tests have been made OF IL and the
shield found 60 Withstand revolver
bullet AZ one shield a mann fired two
shots from service revolver at "a dis
tanoe Of eight PAGES. with bullet Ne-
lociW Of 750 feet per SECOND. The
lead bullets had fabric MARKINGS on
their mashed noses, which showed
that the fabric was tho last thing
struck by them before they came "a
a halt In the folds of the shield Again,
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21

one of these shields was placed
against an empty carhid tin 70 demon
strato the ability Of the fabric to pro.
tect acroplancs and other equipment
The bullets fired al n. altho they
straek the shield ON the tin, thereby
making a slight indention, in no case
penetrated it,
There are abundant statistics. COM
piled by the Allied governments, TO
show that large percentage Of
wounds are caused by spent OF richot-
ing bullets and small fragments OF
burst shells, hand -grenades, and aeri-
al torpedocs and that a comparatively
frail shield will doflect such missiles.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21

shape. on the wall Rt the back of
the shop there hangs a noiychronc
stone figure OF s. Elpi, the patron
saint OF all those who WELD the ham-
mor. Here also Is a drawing of suit
Of armor--the identical suit which
stands in one corncr-~completed but
for the helmet. There are diploma
of award and a silver medal given Mir.
Techaux at the Exposition Univarselie
AT Paris In 1900, some books OF arm
orer's designs, and large racks OF
toola-an armorer's wise, great
shears, and numerous pieces OF metal
and parts OF armor
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21
VICTORY Flour

Is the best No bother about buying substitutes Makes good
bread as wheat flour, and keeps fresh longer.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21
War May ReUiUe Making of Arnor
Such as Was Used in Ancient Times

tcon,lnued from page ia5
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-09-21
BIy's SeIf-Rising Pastry Flour

per wheat flour per substitutes For all kinds
Pastry and Quick breads Saves time and gets best results
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
FARMER KILLED
IN own FIELD

BEDFORD. Ind, March S.--The body
of Newton Plummer, forty-five years
old, was found on his farm, eight miles
east of here, last night with a bullet
hole in the head. Joseph A. PATHFINDER
ger. German farmer, age forty-five
years. is In Jail here, charged with the
murder.
Pummer, who was one of the most
widely known and patriotic farmers OF
his community, failed to return home
from q field where he was sowing
cloverseed and members of his family
started TO look for him.
They found his body near where he
had been working. and the sheriff and
bloodhounds were called to the scene
On arrival there at a late hour the
dogs took the trail from where the
body lay and led direct to the home of
Paffenberger. who was placed under
arrest about O'Clock this morning and
brought to this city. where he is now
in jail to await further action of the
authorities. Plummer had been am
pushed by his assassin.
The murder followed a bitter contro-
versy some time ago over the war with
German, Paffenberger taking the pro-
German side. This is the first serious
trouble to occur in Lawrence county
over the war question. and law-abiding
citizens are afraid the killingemay lead
TO other trouble of like nature. as ex-
element is running high, and all kinds
of expressions as to what should be
done with the murderer was heard.
Prosecuting Attorney Woolery, with
The sheriff went to the Paffenberger
home today in an effort to get evi-
dence. Paffenberger, it Is reported.
has not lived in harmony with his wife
for some time. Paffenberger. when
placed under arrest, pretended to be
insane, the officers say.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
FOUNTAIN CITY, IND.

Harry Bonn and Roswell HUFF who
have been spending their furloughs
with their parents at this place, re-
turned to Camp Shelby Thursday.....
Mr. and Mrs. Harry Schultz are NOV
ing this week to the H. S. Macy farm.
northwest of town. Frank Britain
has purchased the Clements property
on South Main street. Mr.. and Mrs.
Dan Boyer are moving to their farm
east Of town. Mr.. and Mrs. J. Den
man are spending this week in Rich.
mond. Miss ShidIeigh Harter is on
the sick list. Philip White and son
Carl of New Lisbon were business
visitors at Charles n. Hatfieid's We'd
nesday The patriotic Meeting. which
was held in the K of P. hall Tuesday
night, was largely attended. Miss
Mary Woodland left for Indianapolis
Thursday to attend convention.
Charley Hatfield who has been on a
business trip in Kansas for some
time, is expected home in the next
few days Harry Pendland, son OF
Mrs. Lydia Pendland of this place,
has enlisted in the Medical corps and
left Wednesday evening for a camp
in Georgia The Aid society of the
Christian church met at the home Of
DaisyHataeld Wednesday. The boys
of the local high school will play at
the tournament at Richmond, Satur-
day
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
Night School Echoes

Glasses at the nigh, school had the
following attendance Wednesday eve
ming: Bookkeeping, II; dress making,
IS; French %; typewriting, g.: nurs-
ing, 10: gymnastics 10: millinery 10;
stenography, %; commercial arithme-
tic 10; drafting, S; and Spanish, 20.
The public speaking class will meet
two hours Monday evening instead OF
meeting at sis o'clock.
The art class will not meet Mon
day evening. If eigh, are registered
instruction will be continued.
There will be special program
Wednesday evening in the art gallery
in connection with the arts and traV'
els course. The program will be an,
nounced later.
Miss Electa Henley will have
charge of all the cooking classes.
Miss Jeanette Murphy will not have
charge Of the Wednesday class.
The practical nursing class will
meet Monday evening from 7:15 until
els o'clock.
G. c. Sipple is in charge OF the
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08

"mothering" and ability to relieve suf-
fering have made her what she is.
We know that she is not a mail order
product of correspondence school.
Let US examine the process that
turns out this finished product of skill
dependability and sensibility. Let us
consider the raw material" as it went
into the hospital school for nurses and
the work required to transform it into
the Red Cross nurse of TODAY. the
light of service shining in her eyes. her
whole being responding to the call of
patriotism.
The Red Cross nurse was at one
time schoolgirl, just like thousands
OF schoolgirls who today are longing
TO grow up so they may do their part
ID the worlds work. She was a high
school graduate, confronted with the
necessity for earning her living or else
eager to do something for humanity
and for herself. She gained the con-
sent of her parents by showing them
the tremendous advances that have
been made recently in nursing educa-
ton and set out to discover what she
must do to become q nurse.
She was wise. She got in touch
with the nursing association of her
state and sought advice. She was told
TO select a school for nurses in which
the course of study and practical work
covers two VOC o. hot-r-- --t't 40 y
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
Z Least Two Years of Hard Work
and Expert Training Required
to Equip Women for War
Hospital Service.

The thought of the Bed Cross nurse
calls up a picture of self possession
and efficiency. We see her in her
white uniform passing from one hos
pital bed to another. combining tender
ness with skill in relieving suffering.
We think of her always as finish
ed product, perfectly equipped and
trained To meet emergency, maintain
ing her poise and reSourcefulness IN
der the most trying circumstances.
1t does not occur TO US thar her
poise and efficiency are the result of
years of training. We seldom think
OF the Red Cross nurse as anything
hut Red Cross nurse. The sacri-
fees she has made, the hardships she
has undergone while acquiring ability
as a war nurse are real assets to her,
but do not form part of our judgment
Of her work
How is the Red Cross nurse made?
We know her skill is not the result of
a short course school of nursing"
We know she is not self developed
4, ~o,'rrt --'osn nntrra' instinct for
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
Merchants Interested
in City Directories

The Richmond Commercial club will
have a library of some 800 books con
tanning city directories from num-
Der of large cities. The books we're
shipped Thursday,
Secretary Albus secured the library
through the Il. l.. Polk company. They
are from: Alpena City and County.
Mich. Altoona Pa, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Austin. Texas, Bay City. Mich, Blue
field, w Va, Brunswick. Ga Butler,
Pa. Carnegie, "a, Charleston. W. Va.
Clarksburg, w Va, Clearheld, Pa,
Cumberland, Md, Davenport. Iowa, Du
Vols, Pa, Detroit, Mich, Elkhart. Ind,
Erie City, Pa, Enid. Okla, Fairmount,
W. Va, Gainesville, Fla, Grand juno
ton. Colo, Grand Rapids, Mich,
Greensburg. jeanette and Latrohe, IA,
Hazleton. Pa, Huntington. w Va
Johnston. Pa. Kalamazoo, Mich, Kan
kakee, III. Kittaning, Pa, koko1no.
Ind, Lake Charles. La. Lawton, Okla.
Lebanon Pa, McKeesport, Pa, Macon,
Ga. Maiden, Mass, Montclair. Bloom
field. etc. \. j.. Newark, n. J., New
London. Conn, Newport, R. l., Oakland
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
South Dakota Closes
Schools to Make Survey

FARGO. \. D.. March S.-Every
rural and city school in North Dakota
was closed today, for the purpose Of
taking a state wide crop and labor
survey under the auspices of the State
Department of Agriculture and Labor
and the Federal department of agricul-
ture.
In the rural districts the school chill
dren circulated $4,000 missionaries
among farmers to ascertain their labor
needs for the coming season while i'll
the cities the students circulated sim
liar papers to find out the amount of
labor available for part time or per
manent farm work. The survey will
be completed in about two weeks.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08

Let US now suppose the girl has
chosen her school for nurses. Her
trunk is packed with her simple. al
most soldierly. equipment. and she is
on the threshold OF her career.
One wonder after another unfolds
itself in the hospital. The ortlerliness
and quiet Of the place impress her.
She narvels at its system and the well
oiled machinery which keeps it going.
The thought that she is a part Of this
system brings in turn feelings OF awe
and interest In her classroom she finds
the answer to many Of the questions
which perplex her in the wards of the
hospital to which she is soon intro
duced. In the wards she finds prac-
teal demonstrations to help her IN
derstand the theoretical knowledge
she is gaining from books and lee
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
GREENSBORO SENIOR
PLAY IS ANNOUNCED

GREENSBORO, Ind, March, S.
Following is the cast of the senior
play Mr.. Bob:
Philip Royson, Russell Sanders;
Robert Brown, clerk of Benson law Of
flee, Lester Kitterman; Jenkins, Miss
Rebecca's butler, Harold Nicholson:
Miss Rebecca Luke, maiden lady, Dor
thea Brown; Katherine Rogers, her
niece, Helen Roller; Marion Bryant,
katherine's friend, Leila Kitterman:
Patty, Rebecca's maid, Ira Nicholson.
1t will be given March 16 in Gaylor's
hall. E. Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Boyd of
Ohio are visiting their son, Clarence
Boyd and family. =. Mrs. Joseph Yeag-
er of Richmond spent Wednesday with
Mrs. Hannah Bradbury. ... Mr.. and
| Mrs. John Bond spent Tuesday in
| Richmond. Miss Gladys Myers en-
tertained the freshman class of the
high school at her home with a taffy
pulling party Tuesday evening. The
evening was spent with music and
games and pulling taffy. Those Of the
class present were Ollie Bane, Mary
Hatfield, Lucille Swane, Gladys My
| ers, Dallas Stevens, Kenneth Nichol-
son, Aaron Lindley. Herschel Met
lerts, Walter Nicholson. =. Mike Spad-
den and family of Olive Hill moved to
DR.. Neff's property in Greensboro
| Monday. ..... Rev. ]. B. Oconner will
preach at the Methodist church Sun
day morning, March 10 at 1890. .....
! The Fourth Quarterly meeting will
meet at Centervilla Wednesday,
March IS at the Methodist church. ...
! Edith Smith of Richmond is spending
few days with her parents. Mr.. and
: Mrs. J. J. Smith. Robert Gambler
| south of Greensboro moved to their
new house near Webster Wednesday,
vacated by Clement OXenberger, who
moved near Fountain City Wednesday
. Earnest Wilson who lived on the
! Cyrus Quigg farm moved near Rich
mond on the farm now owned by Char
| les Daggart east of Richmond Thurs
| day.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08

health OF the families Of our soldiers
and sailors. 1t is important. therefore,
that Red Cross nurse is trained to an
swer any call and to pass readily from
one branch of service to another.
IF she is properly advised the pros
pective pupil will be told to select a
training school connected with a hos
pital. in which the hours of duty are
reasonable. where care is taken Of the
nurses health and time and opportuni
ty allowed for recreation.
The hospital must provide good op-
portunity for training in the main
branches of nursing and must be sup
piled with a good teaching staff The
Red Cross will not accept a candidate
who has not had actual experience in
a hospital with at least 80 beds and
in which students are taught to nurse
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
Italian Joins Army

Julius Anticola, born in Italy. and
Julius Miller, a native of Poland, en-
listed in the army at the Richmond
recruiting station. The men were
sent to Indianapolis Thursday by
Army Recruiter Wright.
Other recruits during the week were
Lewis Young. Raymond Snyder OF
Lynn, and Harry J. Ridenour, of Dub
lin.
Business has been pretty good this
month This is only the eighth Of the
month and ! have sent ten men to
serve Uncle Sam said the recruiter.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
Thrift Stamp Canvass
Appeals to Citizens

Reports On the polls of Richmond
and Wayne township were made by
chairmen Thursday evening at the
Commercial club.
The poll was very successful and
the citizens gave their hearty coop.
Grafton in giving out information. The
people of Richmond displayed a most
patriotic attitude, said Township
Chairman Hill.
The ward chairmen will appoint
church. factory and school sub-com-
mittees to assist with the township
work. The subcommittee will be
appointed within the next few days
Tuesday night a meeting will be
held at School No. 6, on the Middle
boro pike. Several Wayne County
Four-minute men will speak.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08

Calf. Owosso and Shiawassee, Mich,
Parkersburs. w. Va, Paris City and
Lamar Co, Texas. Petoskey, Mich,
Pittston, Pa, Pueblo, Colo Punxsu-
tawney, Pa, Richmond, Va, Rock
Island, Moline. Ill. Salida and Chaffee
Co, Colo, st, Louis. Mo, Scranton
Pa, Shreveport La, Stamford, Conn,
Sunbury and Northumberland. Pa.
Trinidad, Colo, Naldosta, Ga. Way
cross, Ga. Washington. Pa. Water
town, n Y, Wheeling. w. Va, Wilkes
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1918-03-08
ARMY RECRUIT is ILL.

Lawrence Caylor, who enlisted at
Owosso, Mich, and was enroute to
Columbus, (Ohio) barracks was taken
seriously i'll before his arrival in
Richmond Tuesday. Young Caylor
was removed to Reid Memorial hos
pital He was unconscious Tuesday
and Wednesday. but was slightly bet
ter Friday LAS soon as he is able.
we will send him back home said
Recruiter Wright.
Caylor is suffering with an attack
of diabetes.