davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
What Inspired Student to
Compose the Hymn 'America"

The well-known hymn beginning
my country, it's Of thee" and known
BY the name of america" was writ
ten by the Rev. Samuel Francis Smith.
He was born In Boston, October II.
1906; was educated at Harvard and
studied theology at Andover; was for
many years q Baptist minister and Ia
ter did other church work. In let
Ter concerning the poem the author
said: ut was written at AndOver dur
Ing my student life there and was fFst
sung publicly at Sunday school cel'
ebration, July 4, at Park Street church.
Boston. I had In my possession q
number Of song books from which I
vas selecting such music as pleased
ne, and finding God Save the King I
peoceeded to give It the ring Of Amer
lean patriotism" H.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Decorative Wall Paper
First Appeared in Europe
During Seventeenth Century

Among many other and useful beau
tiful things for which we are indebted
to the Chinese, wall paper is not the
least, notes writer in the Pittsburgh
Dispatch. This decorative paper for
walls seems to have first appeared in
Europe toward the end of the seven
teenth century. It was brought to
France by overseas traders, and the
French Immediately perceived the pos
sibilities thus offered. The paper did
not come in rolls, as we have it today,
but in sheets about three and one-half
feet wide by ten feet in length. Some
Of the finest grades were printed by
hand and the cheaper grades from
wooden blocks. The patterns represent
ed animals, temples, warriors and all
the other familiar figures Of Chinese
art. The French called these new wall
coverings ''pagoda papers," and it soon
became the fashion to have at least
one or two rooms in every home of any
pretensions finished with ''pagoda pa
pers." f., 4E..,,@
Throughout the eighteenth century
the custom gradually spread: Both in
France and England there were adap-
tations of the Chinese idea. There is
a record of wall paper in England as
far back as the time of Henry VIII,
when the inventory Of monastery in.
cluded "chamber hangings of painted
papers," There are now in existence
examples of English wall paper from
the reign of Charles II. ..t..
Some Of the early attempts in the
manufacture of wall paper are highly
interesting. Tapestries were the ele-
CANT wall coverings through the renais-
sance, as they have been during the
middle ages. But tapestries were ex-
pensive and beyond the reach Of ordi-
nary persons, So good citizen of
Rouen named LIE Francois hit upon the
idea of initiating tapestries. He had
fanciful drawings made in the tapestry
style on large pieces Of paper pasted
together in about the size of a tapes
try. Upon these drawings lie Fran
co.'s spread kind of mucilage and
then sprinkled the mucilage with pow.
dered wool in different colors. "Pa-
pier volute," as it was called, then
came into general usage.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
sAAhA11hAAHnSahohd
RIGHT WILL WIN

= , W QQ
Right must win whatever the cost;
Right must win or the world Is lost!
And Right will win II we fight for 1t.
II we summon the whole Of our might Tor
1t -
Right will prevail.
Cling to the thought with might and
main,
With body and soul and heart and brain.
That Right must win. whatever the cost;
When toll, wealth, Life. in the scales are
Right viii prevail.
Nights the weight Of . cave mans
fists:
Right is a knight squirting into tho lists'
Justice his sword and right his spear.
Brain alert and heart without fear;
Right must prevail.
whatever the cost the Right must win!
TO linger is craven. to doubt Is sin:
Are you ready the price to pay
To save the world for a saner day!
Then Right will prevail.
Alice Williams Brotherton OF the Vsg''
lanteS. = e.. - w..
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
n Millions Burned
in Year
Total Coveu Fire Loss n 20
Cites Of Over 10000
Population ,

During the fiscal year 1917 the 21O
American cities estimated to have
more than $4,000 Inhabitants main
tanned $3.50 fire companies, with 4O,141
employees, and 1872 volunteer compa-
MES having 14,472 active members; the
total number of stations was 3,OS2;
and the equipment included 994 motor
propelled and 1873 horse-drawn en-
gines. A number of the smaller cities
now rely entirely upon motor prop4l-
sion of fire department apparatus. Sep
arate high-pressure service by direct
pumping into fire mains Is maintained
by nine cities. The property losses by
fire during the year aggregated ST.
S42, 10. The total value Of fire de-
partment property was reported as
s111, 202,201. .. ..-t>- - =
The foregoing are some Of the
more important statistical facts set
forth in q report on fire departments
in cities of more than 10000 popula-
ton. issued by Director Sam L. Rogers
Of the bureau Of the census depart.
ment of commerce. ...~
OF the 4O,141 paid fire department
employees, 35,S27 were regulars"
the remainder comprising "call men,"
substitutes, "supernumeraries," civil
ian employees, etc.
Volunteer fire service, subject to call,
was reported by 81 cities. including
New York and Chicago. The total
membership of these volunteer dre-
service organizations comprised H.
472 on the active anc 1857 on the hon
orary rolls. BY far the largest num-
Der of active members-5,84O, or
about two-fifths OF the total shown for
the 80 cities-was reported for Read
ing, Pm. .., .......
The property loss amounted to ST.
s42,17O, or about 1920 per capita. This
loss was distributed as follows: On
buildings, 81, O78, 4S4; on contents,
$S7 ,4SO, 233; ON marine property, $1O1,-
312; and on unclassified property,
$7,1s4,141. These figures do not in
clude the loss, amounting to 1900.
caused by the Black Tom explosion at
Jersey City. Though Chicago report
ed more fire alarms than New York,
the latter city's property losses from
fire, SS,746,4O4, were more than two
and one-half times as great as those OF
the former, $3.47O,97s. Chicago's fire
losses were exceeded by those OF De
troit, which amounted to 4O,2S4.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Gameness Is Requisite to
Successful Pitching,> Says
This Brawny Right-Hander

The difference between successful
and an unsuccessful major league
pitcher is oftentimes shown in q dis
position to let down In the pinches.
Larry Cheney, the big highlander OF
the Robins, is the authority for that
statement, and Larry has been under
the big tent long enough to know.
pitchers make their mark La the
big league because they refuse to
waver in the ptnches. The man who
let's down Ia a gone coon, for 1t only
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
New Torpedo Catcher" Said
= to Frustrate a ShipWreck

A new method of fighting the U-boat
menace Is for the attacked vessel to
drop a depth charge as the torpedo mp.
proaches. In daylight the wake of the
torpedo can usually be seen quite clear.
". When the depth charge explode9
II either causes the premature explo-
sion of the torpedo or else diverts the
deadly missile from its course. This
was found out quite BY accident. A
ships oflicer, in his excitement one
day, threw a depth charge overheard
II d,d the trick.-Casselrs Journal.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
FOR THE POULTRY
GROWER


Fowls, like pigs, do the best and
make the most rapid growth all
through the summer season, II plenty
of tender green feed is provided, says
a writer. Even in towns and villages
where there is plenty of space, this
green feed can be provided in album
dance for the poultry It is, however.
on the farms, both large and small.
and where large focks Of fowls are
kept, that this green feed should be
provided.
As the fowls are, or should be, ex-
cluded from the gardens and~ truck
patches at oil seasons. some other spot
must be used for providing the green
feed. The two crops to sow period
ically are rape and oats. Many poul-
try breeders provide these, but make
only one sowing and that about April
and May. Repeated sowings for a
regular succession Of fresh. tender
stuff IL recommended.
As the early sowing Of both oats
and rape is now growing scarce and
getting tough ,replow the ground and
rcsow again in August. The larger
the young chickens get, the more they
will eat of such tender green feed and
as it is both cheap and healthful, the
more expensive feeds are saved.
The idea is to produce mature poul-
try and an abundance of eggs at the
minimum of expense, and the work
of providing green feed must be be-
gun early and continued all through
the growing season.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Timely Sayings.

A womans' idea Of a good hus-
band is one who isn't so fond OF
home that he won't be willing
to leave i when she wants to
take him somewhere.
The world will always get
along no matter who lives or
dies, but every man should so
try to live his life that he Will
at least be missed by q few
after he is gone. at
The man who used to drown
his sorrows in q saloon now
goes out to work and fOrgets
them. - Re- -
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Grab Salad.
N<.E Nef~,rt:lQ.
California Women on Farms
Successfully Execute Work 81.
Formerly Left to Their Men

Four hundred and sixty-hve farm
erettes" were sent out from the south
ern California branch Of the woman's
land service at Los Angeles from May
1 to July II. last, to aid California
ranchers in their efforts to increase the
country's food supply. Nearly all OF
these have remained in the service.
and as proof that these young women
are capably filing the places of men
called into the army or other activities
connected with the war, it was pointed
out at the headquarters of the service
that many of their requests for help
came from ranches near those to which
units had previously been sent.
Volunteers in the woman's land army
sent out from Los Angeles include
teachers, stenographers, saleswomen.
Mattresses and school girls. Most OF
them have been employed in gathering
and preparing for market deciduous
fruits. Activities of others have In
.cluded driving tractors, dairying, plant
ing tomatoes, harvesting various crops
and making hay. 81. -. o.. ~.
TIE dairy industry has taken large
diaries near Los Angeles, women hav-
ing largely replaced men as mixers.
OF the first units sent to the diaries
only a few Of the young women had
MIXED before, and most Of them were
unaware that there is a "wrong" as
well as a fright" side to COW until
they had been kicked over. by out
RACED animals.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Our Marines.

TIE marines are called the soldiers
If the sea. They serve on the sen. on
the land and in the air. They have an
army form Of organisation, but are or
dinarily assigned to warships and are
used as landing parties when neces-
sary. A large organization Of them has
been in the fiercest of the fighting In
France. Enlistment II voluntary, and
the examination Of applicants II ex-
-tseme:y rigid.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Two Additional Disks.

To insure their Identification omcers
and men Of the American expedition
airy forces and all civilian attaches are
REQUIRED In an order by General Per.
shing to wear two additional metal
Identification disks. ~:
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
For Meditation.

Fools may rush In where an
gels fear to tread, but observa-
ton teaches us also that fools
are the ones who are draft evad-
ers. .-,g. : .-.--+t
The trouble with some men IL
that they are always expecting
somebody else to make q good
Job for them. - II
It's the exception that keeps
the divorce courts busy. The
majority of people make matri-
mony q life contract.
Failure II always waiting
around the corner for the man
who, thinks himself too wise to-
fail = y
-
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Training Hawaiian Dancers.

Hawaiian dancers have q curious
training for their profession, q CORE
spondent writes. When they are little
brown babies their mothers take them
cut In the sun and put soft rubber
bail on their stomachs. II they can
keep the ball safely ON the ''tummy"
they get something gooi t. eat. II
they let It roll OF thsJ got spanking
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Wlna0,

N ] e II e 8 nave
WINGS" remarked
the ready-made
philosopher.
"Yes," replied
Mr.. Dustin Stax;
land I might add
that they can be
useful In many
ways in hands Of
a skillful AVIATOR
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
AIRY sQuIBs
Profitable One.

Profitable One.
II know q man who sticks to his
business, although he has had moth
ing but reverses since he entered it."
"What does he dor
Turns somersaults ia vaudeville
0crObatic team"
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
What 5000 Girls Do.

Nine thousand girls Of all ages In the
state of Washington pledged them
selves to spend the summer In planting
end handling cropeL =
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Mothers Cook Book -:
Observation-Disclosures

Study simplicity in the number of the
dishes and variety In the character OF the
meals.
The homes Of 4 nation are its strongest
forts.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19

-" Their Glass. 49,
~Were there spirits ut the seanco
you attended, a.s
Yes, SIR" -"
''0Ood or bad spiritsT' IL.
"vefy bad, sir." s ,"-.s
~Why, did you So themr
mo. I didn't go t10. boe I ee114
|mGn en- Es-.. =
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19

Creditor - You
couldn' t ride
around In your
nue automobile II
you paid your HON
est debts.
Debtor That's
80. I'm glad you
look at 1t In the
same light that I
dos q .L
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19

TWo.ThirdO. s"
81 ordered beefsteak smothered In
onions" IS ~ ~. -. p
-''NNhat did you get1'
II got two-thirds Of the order; the
bill and the onions.". -
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
,JelIted Fish.

spoonful VI SdAts HULL q SSo0kooAAAN>
of table sauce, six stuffed olives, one
hard cooked egg, three tablespoonfuls
of granulated gelatin and six thin
slices of lemon. Cook the fish in three
cupfuls of boiling water for 20 min
utes. Remove the fish and return the
stock to the fire; reduce to one pint by
boiling. Strain, add tomatoes, onion
and seasoning. Cover the gelatin
with two tablespoonful of water, then
add to the boiling stock. Remove the
skin and bones from the fish, break it
into fakes and put it into a mold or
bowl rinsed with cold water. Cut the
lemon, egg and olives in thin slices,
put around the edge Of the bowl. then
slowly pour in the mixture. Set In a
cold place until firm; then turn out
on a chop plate that has been lined
with shredded lettuce. Garnish with
lemon and few rings Of stuffed
olives. Serve with tartare sauce or
salad dressing.
Deviled Fish.
Cover three to four pounds OF hsh
with boiling water, add one small on
ion and one tablespoonful Of salt; boil
for Is minutes. Take from the water;
when cooled, pick the fish, discarding
the bones and skin. Put into bowl
and add the sauce, mixing we'll; put
into ramekins, sprinkle with bread
crumbs; place the dishes in hot water
and bake for Is minutes. Sauce-Put
three tablespoonful Of -four and two
of butter in a saucepan; cook until
smooth, then add one and half cup
fuls of milk, two tablespoonful Of
chopped parsley, tablespoonful OF
onion juice, the same of salt, one
fourth of a teaspoonful of pepper and
one-half teaspoonful Of dry mustard
Cook all together for five minutes; then
it is ready to serve with the fish.
Crab Salad.
Line q bowl with shredded lettuce
and put four cupfuls Of crab meat in
the center, cover with well-seasoned
mayonnaise. Garnish with q cupful
OF sliced pickles., Sprinkle with
chopped green pepper, capers or
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
Let Us Eat Fish.

The variety Of fish is legion and
only the limitations Of shipping re-
strict US from all kinds. Those who
live near the sea coast have a large
choice, while the inland dweller may
have a limited number. They are very
good. r.~
Some fish are best baked, others
Dreaded and fried, while others are
best broiled or boiled. ....,
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-19
HE Little joke.

THE use Of adject:ves sometimes Oh.
scures the meaning Of speech" :.
Eyes," replied Senator Sorghum.
Instead Of being modifier an ad.
jective may be q muddyfier."
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1918-11-12
10 que dicen
los que Sc fueron

Otra de Rafael Hinojosa a ST
madre Maria Hinojosa, residentc
Ell Bayamon, dice ell parte 10 81
guiente; he llegado bien y estoy
trabajando y estoy ganando 1 do
lares todos los dias. He compra
do bastante ropa de invierno
Pronto te mandare dinero.
Otra de Jose Rosario .Ir. a ST
padre Jose Rosario, residenGe Ell
Bayam6n, dice en- parte 10 siguien
te: estoy en- Brunswick. Ga. estoy
trabajando. Estoy bien de salu6
V NADIA me ha hecho falta. La
camas son muy buenas Y estamo>
protegidos del frio mas fucrte
Hasta que no sea rico no volver(
Puerto Rico.
De Luis Cruz, que esta traba-
iando en- Faystville, Camp. Bragg
North Carolina, dirigida su Pa.
Dire, residente en- Bayamon, dice
en- parte 10 siguiente: llegue bier
v estoy trabajando en- la construc-
ci6n de un eampamentO. Aun no
Sc 10 cue gano. Envfeme un po-
co de. jcnjibre.
0tra segunda carta de Jose Ro-
sario Jr., a su padre Jose Rosario.
residcnte en- Bayam6n, dice 10 quo
sigue: sligo bien, estoy ahora de
interprete de un capataz, y por
ese trabajo me pagan $3.50 todos
los dias y los domingos $3.50. Mi
trabajo es bastante facil. Aqni
estan trabajando cerca de 400
hombres de Bayam6n.
Hay otras notas mas que publ
caremos maiana.
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1918-11-12

Ell senor Evans nos ruega pu.
blicar este:
Las siguientes cartasDde las cua.
les extractamos 10 mas esencial
han sido recibidas en- Bayam6n
por familiares de trabajadores
que fueron los Estados Unidos
a prestar sus servicios en- LAS
Industries Esenciales de la Cue
rra'', y trasmitidas esta ofici-
ma para su publication.
Una carta de Sixto Matos, quien
trabaja de Herrero en- Brunswick,
Ga, dirigida a Pedro Andino, Ba-
yamQn, dice en- parte 10 siguiente
llegue bien, estoy ganando bas-
iante dinero, gano 65 centavos
por hora y por dia $7.15. Los
carpinteros ganan $3.50 Dor ocho
horas; peones Y cargadores de
aqua ganan $3.50 por ocho horas.
va eompre un bono de la libertad.
Otra de Jose Andino Jr. su
padre Jose Andino, residente en-
Bayamon, dice en- parte 10 siguien-
tie: llegue bien, estoy contento.
Estoy .ganando $22.00 semanales.
Tambien tenemos cine gratis TO-
das las noches, los americanos son
muy buena gente.
Otra de Arturo CanterO, que
trabaia en- Brunswick, Ga. a su ma
DIRE Ursula Cote, residente en- Ba-
yam6n. dice en- parte 10 siguiente /:
llegue bien. Y estoy eontento. Los
americanos Sc portan bien con mo-
sotros v tengo varies amigos en-
ire ellos. Estoy ganando $3.50
todos los dfas.
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1918-11-12
sERvIcIo MrLITAE

JUNTA LOCAL DE SAN JUAN,
Lista de individuos exentos y
licenciados del Ssryicio de los Es-
tados Unidos, hasta febrsro |, de
1918:
0iiyo Rivera juan, Juan Rodri-
gnez QniHones, Juan 0soriO 0so-
rio, Juan Hernandez Lopez, Da-
maso Marrcro, Julio Neverez Or
tiz, Grcgorio Borges Paris, Fer
min Perez. Jose d. Riera Cabrera,
Jose Ojeda Ferrer, Jose Alberty
Betaneourt, Isidoro Arroyo, Her.
mimic Lopez. Antonio Rodriguez
seglndo, Miguel Lopez, Narceli-
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1918-11-12

ii mundo en- otra guerra. "
Los 'l1anifestantes continuaron
TOR q Recinto Oeste, tonando Ia
ea!le SIN Francisco hasta la Pla
"a. de Colon, donde fue disuelta
10 manifestation, despues de que
hablaron, siendo muy aplaudidos,
Bolivar Ochart e Hipolito DaviIa.
No oxageramos al afrmar que,
en- este acto tomaron part mas de
5000 personas, yendo ,emtre elias
el cueroo consular, representacio.
nes de Ia Banca, Camara de Co
mercio, azucareros, terratenienteS,
PROFESSIONALS, funcionarios publ
COS, en- fin, toda la representation,
lie las fuerzas vivas del pals. Iba
tambi6n una secci6n de Escuchas.
Ell pueblo formaba una gran
inasa. Todos los balconies Y azo-
cas-, por donde pas6 la manifesta-
zion, estaban atestados de gente,
lne vitoreaban los Estados Uni
dos V las naciones aliadas. Ell co
Hcrcio cerr6 sus puertas, dando
asf oportunidad a la dependencia
nara asistir la fiesta. En- resn-
men, fne I'm acto patri6tico Y es-
plendido mereccdor de todo elo
gio.
Ell mp ARCIAL no escatima el
aplauso sus iniciadores nj a los
1ue lleTados de sus entusiasmns
pqtri6ticos cooperaron al lucimien
to que tuvo.
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1918-11-12

Los obreros de otras cuencas MI
neras estan preparadas para Sc
cundar ell paro.
En- vista de la situaci6n Sc reu-
R;6 la Federation Patronal y aeor-
d6 paralizar el trabajo en- todas
las minas de Asturias. Est0 hara
que huelguen 5000 obreros.
Han salido tropas de distintos
lugares para esta provincial con
obieto de mantener el orden.
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1918-11-12
EN- LA CORTE SUPREMA DE
PUERTO RICO

Quinto termino dc sesiones del anc
1918 que comenzo el 4 de no
viembre y termina ell "a de
dicielnbre.
Se1alamientos Criminales.
Diciembre E (jueves).
Bl Pueblo V. jose Ramirez. In
Abogados: Carlos Traveller
Fiscal.
RI Pueblo v. Alvarez Torres
Abuse de confanZa.
Abogados: Jose de Jesus Ti1ol
Y Fiscal.
Diciembre 6 (viernes).
Ell Pueblo v. Maria Antonia Ca.
macho. Inf. art. 287 del C6digc
Penal.
Abogados: E. Ramirez Nadal y
Fiscal.
Ell Pueblo v. Juan Olivier. De
Ito contra la Justicia P1blica.
Abogados: Amadeo Nazario Lu-
go y Fiscal.
Ell Pueblo v. Alejandrina Gar
cfa. Inf. art. 2ss del C6digo Pc
nal.
Abogados: Luis Mendin y Fis-
cal.
Ell. Pueblo v. Nicolas Torres. Vic
Iaci6n.
Abogados: Leopoldo Tonnes y
Fiscal.
Diciembre 10, (martes).
Ell Pueblo v. Teresa Ramos. Inf.
art. 2Se del C6dlgo Penal.
AboSados: Luis Mendfn y Fis-
cal.
Fl Pueblo v. Hip6lito Martinez.
Acometimiento y aggression grave.
AbogadUs: A. Qsintana cajas y
Fiscal.
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1918-11-12

no Otero, Francisco Martinez Fe.
bles, Salvador Valdes Martinez
Juan Arteaga, Casimiro Rosario
Salome VaEquez Llera, Leoncic
Cruz Calder6n, Faustino Marrero
Pablo Martinez, Antonio Rivera
Alvaro Torres, Juan Velez Rios
Genaro Avila, Ramon Requena
Garcia, Manuel Miranda Rivera,
Ulises Pettrilla Nieves, Carmelc
Martinez, Herm6genes Ariaga Pc.
rez, Jose Negr6n, Pedro Vega
Cruz, Francisco Eleuterio Dfaz,
Francisco Dorrido, Manuel Ledes.
ma serrano. Rafael FelicianO, Ga
briel Bernard Silva.