davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1918-09-14

ezas gen. Gouraud postanowii spe
die Niemcow z pozycyj, ktorc
i'm poprzednio zostawii. Ably eel
ten osiagnac rozkazai rozpoczat
ma calym froncie szawPanskinl
miedzy Pronay a Massiges drob
ne kontrataki.
Natarcie Polakow.
Wiasnie w jednym Z tych kontr
atakow wziely udziai oddzialy l.
go pulku Strzelcow polskich,
wraz z kompaniami francuskich
Strzelcow pieszych re 170-ej by
wizyi Piechoty generate Bernar-
da, do ktorej 1-szy puik S. P. 20
stall ma pozycyach przyiaczony.
Punkty wyznaczone, ktore zdo-
bye nalezalo, znajdowaiy sic cd
800 do 1000 metrow cd okopu wy
ruszenia. Ma dany znak, Polacy,
W sile mniej wiecej jednego bata
licnu, poszli do ataku z nadzwy-
czajna brawura, ktora w podziw
wprawifa ich francuskich ; anne
.rykanskich towarzyszow. Szcze.
g6lniej Sta kompania Ego batall
onu, dowodzona przez mlodego,
BIO MISUNDERSTANDING kapi-
tana Krzywkowskiego Wolihskie-
go, odryia sic chwaia.
Zolnierze idac "a przykiadem
nieustraszonego dowodcy, dziel-
ne natarli ma wroga ] osiagneli
wspaniaie ~rczultaty. Tych ESQ Pc
lakow zniosio doszczetnie jeden
battalion 66-go p~ruskiego puiku
piechoty, a vice prawdopodobnie
cztery razy lyle zolnierzy, ktorzy
tez bic sic umieja!
Zwyciestwo okupiono niestety
Smiercia trzech oficerow. Padl ka
pitan Krzywkowski, powszechnie
przez swych zolnierzy lubiany u,
padli podporucznicy Bauer i Bart
man.
: go Z"
Kapitan Piekarski -grepadyerer,
A.oto epizod ktory okry} chwa
Ia innego oficera polskiego, kap.
Piekarskiego:
Polskie oddziaiy, zdobywszy
wyznaczohe sobie punkty, byly
SLIME kontr-atakowane przez wrJ
ga. Polacy odparli piec takich
kontr- atakow. Ale, zeby wreszcie
ME byli zmuszeni ustapic, poslano
i'm dwie sekcye W posiiku pod ko
menda kap. adjutanta Piekarskie
go ~.
Pc drodze eddzial kap. Piekar
skiego napotkal W przekopie ma
grippe Niemcow, ktora sic jeszcze.
broniia, i oddzielaia go cd oddzia
low, kt6rym szedi 2 pomoca. Zbli
zywszy sic dostatecznie do wro-
y Kapitan Krzywkowski-Wa
linski jest p%otomkiem emigranta
1881 roku. Wychowany we Fran
cyl i obywatel francuski, znalazi
sic w armii francuskiej cd pierw-
szych dni wojny. Kiedy lateni
1917 roku powstaia Armia Poll
ska, odezwaia sic W aim krew pol
ska j z radoscia pospieszyl kap.
Krzywkowski pod polskie sztan-
dairy. Tu gorliwie uczyc sic po-
czai jezyka przodkow i czynif "a
dziwiajace postepy. Juz W kilka
miesiecy potem mowif wprost Una
komicie pc polsku i bardko tenn
swym zoinierzom imponowal. Byi
wesoly, dzielny, mily W obejsciu,
ola zolnierzy swych byl ojcem /
tax jak OLGA zoinierze go lubil-.
Nadmienic tn wypada, re kap
Krzywkowski byl pierwszym OF
cerem polskim wymienionym W
rozkazie dziennym armii. Zaszczy
tn tego dostapil W pierwszych
dniach czerwca. Kiedy l-szy puik
p Kap. Piekarski jest krolewia
klein. Ukonczyi bedzihska sic
dmioklasowa Szkole Handlowa,
potem studyowai W Genewie. Kie
DIV wybuchia wojna, znajdowai
sic W kraju i zosta3 zmobilizowa
nv z armia rosyjska. Walczyi dziel
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20

Pullman, Wash. boys and girls be-
longing to Washington's juvenile
clubs are to be enlisted In the patr.4
otic movement to raise sugar beets
this year, to be stored and set out In
the spring Of 1919, to produce beet
seed for the spring Of 1920. It L.
expected In this way that the threat
ened sugar famine may be averted.
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20

down the street when the dog
overlook him and laid the glasses
on the sidewalk IN front of him.
Where "Rags' found the elasses
no one knows and the dog can
not tell. "Rags" is now q wel-
coined visitor Ut Mr.. Calvert's
home. Dexter Messenger.
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20
German Sentiments
BY German Writers
ExTRAcTs

The quantity Of merchandise Of vari-
,us kinds seized In the hostile coun-
tries 70 30 great that the difficulty Of
storing II increases every day. All
The Chambers Of Commerce have been
asked to give all possible Information
regarding warehouses. sheds, ETC.. In
which these spoils may be temporarily
sheltered. II is proposed to divide the
merchandise among all the countries
of the Empire -Frankfurter Zeitung.
January 9TH. 1915.
Remember that you are the chosen
people. The spirit of the Lord has
descended on me because am the
Emperor Of the Germans. am the in
strument Of the Most High. Il am His
sword. His representative. Disaster
and death to those who resist my will.
Disaster and death to those who do
not believe In my mission. The
Kaiser, Address to the Army Of the
Hast.
We must win. because, II we were
defeated, no one in the whole world
could any longer cherish any remnant
Of belief in truth and right, In the
Good. or. indeed. in any higher Power
which wisely and Justly guides tho
destinies OF humanity.--W. Helm,
warum wir siegen mussen.
It is only be remaining In Belgium
that we shall force the English to rec.
ognize our equality with them, Eng
lass must noe rsmains master lof stl,s
Belgian coast She must be prevented
from controlling an area which can
be used as the starting point OF new
and overwhelming Anglo-French often
siye. Here lies the guarantee for the
only proper relationship with England.
and 80 for lasting poace.--von BIS
sing, Testament
Highly developed peoples, who are
unwilling to amalgamate with the vie
tors, can be forced into reservations;
or the victors viii leave to the sub
trgated peoples a portion Of their ter
rItory to which they can an retire. It
requires no supernatural gift Of proph-
ecy to perceive that. In course of time
the Latin peoples Will be weeded out.
*. Wagner. Krieg.
o my Germany. into thy soul thou
must etch deep and lndellble hate.
Stifle In thy heart all human feeling
and hasten to the fight
D Germany, hate. Slaughter thy
foes by the millions. and OF their reeli.
ing corpses build a monument that
shall reach the clouds.
o Germany, hate. Salvation will
come Of thy wrath. Beat in their
skulls with rifle-butts and axes. Let
your cienched fist enforce the judg-
msnt Of God.--vierordt, Song Of Hate
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20

When you have gaekache The liver OF
kidneys are sure TO be out Of gear. Try
Sanol W does wonders for the liver. kid
neys. and bladder. A trial 35c bottle
or Sanol will convince you. Get II al
the drug shore. 10, b2t.
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20
War Stories.

After hard battle which lasted from
day ybreak until dark without intermis-
sion, one Of our soldier boys "sver
there" fell into doze while on picket
duty Gan objectionable oifensel and
had IA dream, He, unassisted, had
captured the Kaiser and was meditat-
ing as to what to do with him, finally
deciding to kill him. Being an Amer
lean be could not think Of baIbarous
method, though he knew any death was
deserving. 90 he decided to shoot him.
When he had everything in readinese
he asked the Kaiser how he felt
about II.
"VeIl, ieer me nod to die" an
swered the Kaiser, Me unit Gott un-
derstood Won anodder. Eferydings
looks bright peiore me-"
II thought co." suggested our SOL
dier boy, raising his gun to his shoul-
der; "yourl see the blaze in about two
~ y n
seconds.
The yividness Of his dream awakened
the sentinel, and just in time, for creep
ing upon him we're three Germans, and
only a short distance away. He cau'
tiously loossnsd his 70, Oliver from its
holster and opened hrs, and after three
shots leaped to bis feet and remarked:
"weli, I didn't get the Kaiser, but
guess it's all right anyway. III bet
those fellows can see the blase In hell
right now"
While some OF our boys were on q
long hike recently they were allowed
a rsst Of two nights and . day, There
was a small town near their camping
place and the DO we're denied leave
to visit the hamlet. However, some Of
Tie moro yenturesome ones slipped oui
'past IIie ssatineis. Tue niehs was
ciondy and very dark. consequently on
returning to camp the boys crept up
cautiously so as TO locate the sentinela
and quietly pass inside the lines with
ous being observed, One unluoky fel
Iow approached too near to sentinel
who, hesriag stealthily movement in
the grass, lowered his gun TO = chage
and demanded;
aHaltl Who goes tharef"
The man outside stepped sideways in
to sma shell crater accidentally, and
forgetting himself for the moment,
eiaculated In a moderate tone as he
fell 10 the ground:
"The devill" Il.
The sentinel, an Trishman, had been
instructed to demand a halt three times,
and II bic challenge was not answered
80 ire Upon hearing what he sup
posed TO be an answer. Pat became
rattle and exclaimed;
"ialt three times,'' and boom went
his gun Turning, he ran towards
camp shouting;
"Turn out the gaardsl Turn out the
eaards; the diyil's somingi,
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20

Woman's friend ii i Large Trial Bot
lie of 6anol Prescription. Fine Tor black
heads, Ecsema and al rough skln and
elsar complexion. A real skin Tonic.
0et 35e trial bottle Al the drug stors
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20

ROUND ABOUT THE STATE.
Cleaned from Exchanges Made by the Shears,
the Pencil and the Paste Pot-- Some Origi-
nal, some Credited. and Some Stolen.
but Nearly All Interesting Reading.

HSx$SSS$SSssSS SSSSSssSeSa
There were 4,2s5 registrants in
punklin county.
Butler county's total rssislra-
lion was 2,64l.
An oil company has begun
drilling for oil in Howell county.
near West Plains,
"a bunch Of prisoners recently
broke Jail at Bloomfield. There
was only one in the bunch
worth capturing.
"A car load Of wctermelons
raised on The state panitentiary
farm at Jefferson City,sold in
81. Louis for S1.75 cents each.
A Scott county man has q
cane mill which will handle a
ton 81 oane in anshour and can
cook 100 gallons Of syrup per
day.
Gus Martins, Of Perry county,
refused 10 give part Of the road
no ali automobile 10 pass him
and was arrested and fined S25
for his action.
The farmers Union In Dunk
Iii county is preparing TO erect q
b0-barral -four mill at Senath,
and expect 70 have the same in
operation in few months.
Mrs. Lotlie Williams, who re-
sided in Portageville, dropped
dead on i sidewalk in, that city
Wednesday of last week while
talking with 'threc other ladies',
During an electric storm . few
days ago In Stod'lard county.
lightning struck the barn OF
John Mitchell who lives near
Marco The harm. 20 lpads Of
v y I n i
hay, 125 bushels OF corn, one
horse and harness was burned,
w. j. Ssugraves, of Scott
county. sued Arnold Carroll for
100000 damages because the
latter ran into his wagon with an
automobile and injured him con-.
sijsrably. but lhe jury awarded
him only $500 for the shakeup.
Recently al DesLoge, Mrs. ].
=, Wright was electroeuted
while preparing. to operate an
electric iron. While making an
effort ID connect the cord In a
tight socket hanging from the
ceiling ahe received the fatal
shock.
Mortcn l.. Swan, wealthy
and retired farmer Of Oak Ridge,
Cape county, committed suicide
By shooting himself in the head
Sunday morning, August 20.
Swan was native Of Cape
county and had lived all bis life
near Oak Ridge. I'll health Is
supposed to be the GAUGE Of the
rash act.
Luther Raglin, q cousin q
Chas. Raglin Of this place, was
here this week from his home At
Lodi on Il visit. He was recent-
IL returned from an European
llospitaI suffering from shell
shock. His mentality has been
impaired BY his awful expert
snces. but from what be oantell
- /. u u - a Z !. sl4 4. :. n. <.l;1.1.
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20

N Tavr
spring and summer. Live stock
and pooltry, we'll cared for. are
as good as q gold mine these
days. no difference where they
are raised, and Ripley county
farmers should make a note OF
the fact.
AJefferson City telegram says
that Missouri must send 6,019
men for the seleetive draft dur.
ing TIE five-dsy period begin
ming October I, to Camp Pike,
Ark, according to a call made
public Saturday at the office Of
Lieutenant Colonel j. H. Me-
Cord, executive officer for the
selective service law. All OF the
men must be qualified for gem
eral military service, and the
call will practically deplete Class
1 men in the state. The quotas
Of the various local boards will
probably be announced by Col
onel McCord Monday.
In Sikeston recently when the
ladies' were eanvassing for Red
Gross funds, q washerwoman
gave them four pennies as her
donation. It was taken for
granted that this was the "wid-
owls mite" Of biblical fame, SO
four generously inclined gentle.
men sent her each one dollar as
sort OF reminder Of the return
of bread which Is cast upon the
swalars. A developed later how
ever. that the woman has q hus-
band who 10 employed steadily
at SO a day AMI che gave the
four pennies only as joke.
sCharity 10 sometimes worked to
IA fragile, remarks the Sikeston
Standard in commenting upon
The occurrence.
From the Elsberry mocrat
we learn that the dynamite which
blew The door of an iron safe in
the Office OF storekeeper at La.
cleds, Mo-, in 1882, also sent
Gen. JOHN Persliing, now COM
manding U. 8. troops in France.
into West Point. The story is
given BY James A. Pershing, a
brother OF The General, POW en-
ployed in Cincinnati as sales
man. John Pershing at that
time was a student at normal
schorl in Kirksville. His father
conducted a general store at La
clede. The burglar sized up the
Perslling store, and when the
elder Pershing arrived and
found the safe empty he wired
John to cnme home. John oame
and never went back to school.
He saw a notice Of a competitive
examination Tor entrance to West
Point. Despite the disfleasure
of his mother, John went TO mills
tary school, learned the business
Of war, and has been psacticine
lit ever since.
"Rags," the Messengers dog,
who was purchased by AN iliner-
nate printer when but Q puppy,
but who refused to Shit the
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20

! EVERY American church In America
Win provide 1 place on SUNDAY, Sept.
2e--the latter Of the two Volunteer
pAySwhsre subscriptions to Fourth
Libsrty Lean Bonds may be received.
voluntssr oH Volunteer Day and
sand 4 message to The Kaiser that Will
laioksn him ok his desire to win the
lworM
~
Remember voIunsssr Dayt-sep-
tsnhsr q and g. ;. =. Y \.
Ripley County democrat., 1918-09-20
BRITISH LEARN
SECRET OF DYE
Build Industry to Relieve Depend
ence on Germany.
MANY CHEMISTS ENGAGED

Plant Springs From Little Factory to
one Of Big Proportions---Master
Problem Of Cheap Production 81 ain
ternediate" Products, Which 10 Key
to Profitable Production Of Dyes
Results SAVIOR Of Magic.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
Curious Timekeepers.

To ascertain the time at night, the
Apache Indians employed a gOurd on
which the stars of the heavens were
marked. AS the consultations rose In
the sky, the Indian referred to his
gourd and found out the hour. BY
turning the gourd around he could tell
the order In which the constellation
might be expected to appear.
The hill people of Assam reckon
time and distance by the number Of
guilds Of betel-nuts chewed. 1t will be
remembered how, according to Wash
ington Irving, the Dutch colonial as
sembly was invariably dismissed ut
the last puff of the third pipe of to-
bacco of Gov. Wouter Van Twiller.
A Montagnis Indian of Canada will
set up tall stick In the snow when
travelling ahead of friends who are to
follow. He marks with his foot the
line Of shadow cast, and by the change
In the angle Of the shadow the on-com-
Ing party can tell, on arriving at the
spot, about how far ahead the leader
Is.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
CURIOUS LEGACIES ARE LEFT
Man Wills Wife a FarthIno. to Be
Forwarded to Her In an In
stamped Envelope.

a gentleman lately left "the large
oaken walking-stick, with silver head
bearing verses abiding to 1t having
been a sapling grown from an acorn
planted on my great-grandfather's
wedding day." to his nephew, and to
his sister "the damask tablecloth with
figures and armorial bearings COM
memorating the marriage of Louis Nv.
Of France"
A Liverpool lady, who died lately,
left to her nephew-nephews seem to
be specially favored-her doormats,
except parlor mats and the oilcloth in
the hall. Perhaps she feared he might
sell the Oilcloth and go In for riotous
living on the proceeds.
The will of an eccentric lady con-
tanned the following clause: GAS to my
sisters, nieces, nephew, brother-in-law,
cousin, nothing shall come from me
to them but bag of sand to rub them
selves with. None deserve even q good
by. do not recognize single one of
them" Dear old thing! Meanest Of
all, however, was the man who left
his wife farthing, with directions
that 1t should be forwarded to her in
an unstamped envelope !-Tit-Bits.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
Flowers Of the States.

Twenty-six states of the Union have
adopted state flowers-official or for
mally agreed upon emblems. Massa-
chusetts is not one Of them, although
there Is sort of growing idea, amount
Ing almost to common consent, that
the trailing arbutus Is our state flower,
says the Boston Transcript. If 1t is,
we have that emblem In common with
the province Of Nova Scotia. Connecti-
cut has legally adopted flower, and
1t Is In many respects the finest pos
sessed by any state In the Union. 1t
Is the mountain laurel. There are
flowers more beautiful than our laurel
Of the woods, but its bloom Is so easily
conventionalized, so bright and so dec
orative, that 1t Is peculiarly fitted for
emblematic purposes.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
Order Of Publication.

State OF Michigan, the Probate Court for the
County Of Shiawassee.
All session of the Probate Court for said
County, held at the Probate once In the City
OF Corunna. or Saturday the Goth day of De.
cember In the year one thousand niue hundred
and seventeen.
Present. Matthew Bush. Judge of Probate.
In the matter Of the estate OF Lucretia L..
Beebe, deceased.
On read ingsnd fling the petition of Frederick
K. Beebe. praying that administration of said
egtate may be granite d to the petitioner or
some other suitable person.
It is ordered that the 28ih day OF Janu ,ry
next, at ten O'Clock In the forenoon, at said
Probate ONCE be assigned for hearing said
petition.
And IL Is further ordered, that a copy of this
der be published three successive weeks
previous to said day OF hearing, 10 The Owosso
Times, a newspaper printed and circulating
In said County OF Shawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH
BY Judge OF Probate.
CLARIBEL GALLOWAY,
Register OF Probate. 244t
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
Order Of Publication.

The Probate Court for the County OF Shia.
wassee.
At session OF the Probate Court for said
County held at the Probate ONCE In the CITY
OF Corunra on Saturday, the 22nd day of De.
cemuer. In the lyear one thousand nine hun.
dred seventeen.
Present Matthew Bush. Judge of Probate.
In the matter OF the estate OF William
Howell, deceased.
On reading and filing the petition OF Fred w.
Smith as principal creditor, praying that ad-
ministration OF said estate may be granted
to l.. A. SandeIhoff or some other suitable
person.
1t is ordered that the 2lst day of Janusry
next at ten O'Clock in the forenoon, at said
Pre- bate office, De assigned TOR hearing said
petition.
And 1t Is further ordered, that copy OF this
order be published three successive weeks
previous to said day OF hearing, in the Owosso
TINES newspaper printed and circulating In
said County OF Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH,
BY Judge Of Probate
CLARIBEL GALLOWAY
Register OF Probate. 4O.4t
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
WHY FEAR DEATHS CALF
Philosopher Regards Passing Away 40
Only Natural and oood-Fears
the Unnatural.

They were discussing death, little
group Of men, all of them In the best
OF health and the glory of living. Men
or the world, In sense, and enjoying
life to Its utmost. the subject of death
was introduced by the announcement
that a widely-known man with whom
all OF them had been acquainted had
passed away
One Of the party. according to the
Columbus CO., Dispatch, said he hated
to think of death, that he was actually
afraid to think Of 1t. He so loved life
that death seemed a terrible enemy,
and he would like to escape II. But
the philosopher of the party-only he
was not known as a philosopher until
he delivered his little preachment-
said he could not understand such an
attitude toward death.
~ am not afraid Of anything that Is
natural" he said. ut Is the unnatural
that alarms me. 1t would be unnatural
to live forever, and would hate to be
sentenced to such a punishment. But
death Is natural am not afraid Of 1t.
Billions Of people have died; they are
dying every day. Little children have
died and old men and women, and the
birds and beasts all pass away, and the
fishes In the streams, and every living
thing upon the earth Is to die. Why,
then, should great hulk of a chap
like myself, one who has had and Is
having his time, why should I fear
deathT
Not afraid Of that which Is natural?
If only all Of us could understand that
the natural is good and the unnatural
bad, what splendid world 1t would
be for everything and everybody.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
Order of Publication.

State of Michigan, the Probate Court for
the County OF Shiawassee.
AT session of the Probate Court for said
County, held at the Probate office, Ia the
City OF Corunna. on Tuesday, the 18th day OF
December, In the year one Thousand nine
hundred and seventeen.
Present, Matthew Bush. Judge of Probate
In the matter of the estate OF Nathaniel
Williams, deceased.
On reading and filing the petition OF Edward
Williams. praying that administration of said
estate may be granted to Asa d. Whipple or
some other suitable person.
1t is ordered. that the 2ist day of January
next At ten o'clock In the forenoon. at said Pro.
bate Of1oe be assigned for hearing said petition
And II Is further ordered. that a copy of this
order be published three successive weeks
previous to said day OF hearing In The Owosso
Times, q newspaper printed and circulating in
said County OF Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH,
By Judge Of Probate
CLARIBEL GALLOWAY,
Probate Register.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
Order Of Publication.

State of Michigan. The Probate Court for
the County of Shiawassee.
At a session OF the Probate Court for the
County of Shiawassee held at the Probate
ONCE in.the Oitv of Corunna. on the 12th day OF
ID cmb 1917
Present, Matthew Bush, Judge OF Probate
Munson, deceased
On read n and filing the petition OF Merle
w Munson, praying for the probate of the viii
Of said deceased now filed in this Court.
1t Is ordered that the 18th day OF January.
next, AT ten o'clock In the forenoon, at said
Probate ONCE, be assigned for hearing said
petition.
1t Is further ordered that q copy OF this
order be published three successive weeks pre-.
vious to said day of hearing In The Owosso
Times newspaper printed and circulating
In said County of Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH,
BY Judge of Probate.
CLARTBEL GALLOWAY,
Probate Register. 36-5t
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1918-01-11
Commissioners Notice.

State OF Michigan, The Probate Court for
the County of Shiawassee.
In the matter OF the estate Of Susan s.
Hall, deceased.
We, the undersigned, he wing been appointed
by the Hon. Matthew Bush. Judge OF Probate
in and for the County OF Shiawassee, State OF
Michigan. commissioners to receive. examine
and adjust all claims and demands OF all per-
sons against said estate, do hereby give
notice that we will meet at the
Owosso Savings Bank In the City
OF Owes o. In said County, on Saturday,
the End day OF February, A. ID. 1918 and
on TueGay, the End day of April, A. ID.
1918, at ten o'clock In the forenoon of each OF
said days. for the purpose of receiving and
adjusting all claims against said estate. and
that four months from the LIST day Of Decem-
Der, a. d. 1877, are allowed 10 creditors to
present their claims TO said Commissioners
for adjustment and allowance.
Dated. the list day of December. A. ID. 1917.
GUSTAV +. FRIEGEL,
WORTHY 8. COOPER,
sat Commissioners.