The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-01-04

cellor Won Bethmann-Hollweg and the
appointment as his successor of DR.
Georg Michaelis. On July %, Siam
declared war against Germany, and
Austria-Hungary, bringing the number
Of the allied nations TO sixteen
British Launch Great Offensive.
The British launched their second
great offensive of the year on the
Flanders front on July 81, attacking
on 20-mile front from Dixmude to
| Warneton, after three weeks of in
tense artillery preparation. The Brit
lines to depth of two to two and a
half miles, taking ten villages and
more than 5000 prisoners.
Pope Benedict, on August ii, trans
mitted peace proposals to all belliger-
ent and neutral governments.
The italian forces opened a grand
offensive on August 80, attacking on
front 40 miles long from Tolmino to
the Adriatic sea. On August 25, the
| Italians captured Monte Santo, an Aus
| TRAN stronghold on the IsonZO front.
Two more nations entered the war on
| the side of the allies in August. LII
IBERIA declaring war on Germany Aug
ust z, and China declaring war on
both Germany and Austria-Hungary
August Ii. On August %, President
Wilson's reply to the peace proposals
Of Pope Benedict was made public. 1t
declared that 1--WE cannot take the
word of the present rulers of Germany
as a guarantee of anything that is to
endure, unless explicitly supported by
such conclusive evidence of the will
and purpose of the German people
themselves as the other peoples of
the world would be justified in accept
ing" Other allied governments later
adopted President Wilson's note as
their own reply to the pope.
Early in September the Italians con-
tinued to make progress in their drive
on the Isonzo front, announcing on
September 1 the capture of IA strongly
fortified mountains, causing an H.
mile breach in the Austrian lines and
resulting in the capture of $1,000 pris-
oners.
Chaos Threatens in Russia.
Conditions In Russia grew more cha
otto during the month of September.
General Korniloff, commander in chief
of the Russian armies, on September
10 demanded that all civil and mill
tary powers be placed in his hands.
Premier Kerensky Immediately de-
posed General Korniloff and civil war
threatened as Korniloff, at the head
of large force of troops, marched on
Petrograd. The rebellion collapsed,
however, on September IS when
General Korniloff agreed to surrender
to General Alexieff, chief of staff of
the Russian army.
The first American casualties in
France were announced on September
4, when four Americans were killed
in a German raid on American hos
pitfalls in France. Americas war prepa-
rations We're continued rapidly, the
first contingent of five per cent of the
new National army arriving at their
environments September 5.
The replies of Germany and Austria
Hungary to Pope Benedict's peace pro-
posals were made public September 81
They accepted the pope's offer as ba-
sis for the beginning of negotiations,
but made no definite concessions.
Italians Driven Back.
The great Austro- German offensive
against the Italians was launched |
along the Isonzo front October "a, and |
within ten days the Teuton forces had |
retaken all the territory won by the |
Italians in two months fighting and |
had overrun all of northern Italy.
The United States began to take a
more active part in the fighting during /
October, the first American troops GO
ing into the first line trenches in |
France on October %. On October II
the American transport Antilles. re-
turning from France, was torpedoed
and sunk, with a loss of 81 lives. The
second American Liberty loan of
So, 000,000000 closed October 81 with
an oversubscription of nearly $1,000
100000. Several more South Ameri-
can nations took decided stand in
broke off diplomatic relations with
Germany October and Uruguay took
similar action the following day. On
October 20 Brazil declared the exist
ence of state of war with Germany.
There We're evidences of internal dis
.urbances in Germany during the
month, mutiny of German sailors at
0stend being reported October Is. On
October 80 Count George Won Hertling
vas made imperial chancellor of Ger ,
many, Chancellor Michaelis having re-
signed.
On the sea the chief event of the ,
month was tine sinking by two German
aiders of two British destroyers and
2 Scandinavian merchantmen they r
we're conveying in the North sea on
october II. On October 81 the Ameri- !.
an transport Finland, returning from
france, was struck by torpedo and
light men were killed.
Italians Stop Invaders.
Big events crowded fast upon each ;
Their during the month of November.
he Italians, after reforming their
mes back of the Tagliamento river,
yere forced to execute further re- :
reat, falling back to the Piave river. :,
he Italians, REINFORCED by British
nd French armies, which reached the
-,ilion front November 25, withstood l