davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27
As Jefferson Wrote L.

Jefferson says that the entire COM
mittec urged him to make the draft.
He showed it first to Franklin and
Adams because they were the two
members of whose judgments and
amendments l wished most to have the
benefit" They made few minor al
teratiOnS In their handwriting. This
original draft was given by Jefferson
to Richard Henry Lee, the dean of
the Virginia delegation, and in 1926
his grandson presented it to the AmW
lean Philosophical society of Philadel-
phia.
Jefferson, having made another copy,
with the changes suggested, presented
il to the committee. which reported it
unaltered to congress. July | Phila
delphia was on the qui vive of exppcta-
ton, and contemporary accounts have
left us n stirring picture of the eager
ness with which the citizens awaited
definite news of the most important
act which the COlOniStS had been called
upon to decide in the long chain of
disputes WITH illt IlOlIltI country. VII
the following day, when the formal
vote of congress was taken, the reso-
lutions were approved by twelve col
onies-all except New York. The orig
inal colonies, therefore, became the
United States of America on July >.
177G. The next two days were spent
in discussing the draft of the Dcclara-
ton as drawn by Jefferson. The debate
was animated, hut when it was all
over the draft was adopted with sur
prisingly few changes, tribute to the
ability with which the author had ex.
pressed to the world the causes which
had made it necessary for cone people
to dissolve the political bands which
have connected them with another"
Unanimously Adopted.
The Declaration of Independence
was then unanimously adopted by the
twelve colonies, whose delegates were
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27
STATES AND SCIENCE
on This Country anc Interest
Expected to Continue.


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The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27


'ator suggested that statue of Paine
IN gold would not be too high an honor.
Richard Henry Lees Resolution.
Things moved rapidly in the colonies
after that, and Richard Henry Lee of
Virginia rose in the Continental con
,gress at Philadelphia, June I, 1916, and
presented his famous resolutions which
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27
French People Our True Friends

The true and controlling reason WAY
the government of Louis XVI inter
vened in our war of independence was
the enthusiasm Of the French people
for the cause of liberty Considera-
tions Of material advantage were en-
tireiy secondary. Public opinion forced
the hand Of an unwilling and hesitat.
ing government, and placed at our
disposal the economic, military and
naval resources Of the country.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27
How Famous
Declaration
Was Adopted

INDEPENDENCE day this year
witnesses the unique spectacle of
the Stars and Stripes and the flag
of Great Britain intertwined in Il
bond of friendship the United States
allied with her old mother country in
fighting the world battles of dcmOc-
racy. In that memorable document
which was proclaimed to the inhabi-
fants of the original thirteen colonies
142 years ago is sentence which
seems fitting now as an Indictment of
the European monarch against whom
America is at war. 1t is this:
Our repeated petitions have been an
swered only by repeated injury.
And then follows this severe arraign-
ment of George III, the last of the Eng
fish kings who maintained the divine
right of rule:
A prince whose character is thus mark
ed by every act which may define a ty-
rant is unfit to be the ruler of a free
people.
Prior to the Revolutionary struggle
the sentiment in all the colonies for
ten years and more from the time of
the first Stamp Act troubles was
strongly against severance of rela-
tons with the parent country. Paul
Revere's ride and the battles of Lexing-
ton and Concord in April, 1915, memo
rable as those events are as the fore
runners of the great conflict failed to
arouse any widespread enthusiasm for
Independence. 1t Is even significant to
note that just a year before the Dec
Aaration of Independence was unani-
mOuSly approved by all of the thirteen
colonies the Continental congress that
had appointed Washington comman-
der in chief of the army, drew up, July
6, 1919, a declaration of the causes for
taking up arms in which it was said
We mean not to dissolve that union
which has so long and SO happily sub
sisted between US and which We sincere
by wish to see restored
Even Thomas Jefferson. the author
Df the Declaration of Independence,
two months after the battle of Bunker
Hill wrote that he was Cooking with
fondness toward reconciliation with
Great Britain"
A few far-sightcd leaders like Pen
jamin Franklin, Samuel and John
Adams and Patrick Henry had felt at
q comparatively early date that
a break was inevitable.
The historic declaration of the citi-
zens of Mccklenburg county, North
Carolina, in May. 1775 was one of sev-
eral local events Indicating that public
opinion was tending toward independ-
ence, but not until the appearance of
Thomas Painp's stirring pamphlet,
Common Sense" early in January,
1916 was there any appreciablc public
sentiment in its favor In the plain
language of the day it presented the
facts so simply thar al could under
stand. This "phenomcnon." rs John
Adams styled Paine, suddenly found
himself transformed from obscurity to
fame. The Pennsylvania legislature
voted him $500, and Southern legiS-
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27

the whole to discuss the resolutions.
The delegates from Pennsylvania, New
York and one or two other colonies OBJ
jected on the ground that the middle
colonies were not yet ready for so radi-
cal step, although personally express
ing friendly attitude.
Delegates Hesitated.
Unanimous action by all the colonies
on so mOmentOuS n question was re-
garded by congress as of paramount
importance. Some of the delegates had
not been instructed to go so far as vOt-
ing for independence, New York and
New Jersey being among them. The
majority had been authorized to take
any action that might be deemed wise,
Virginia having gone so far as actual
ly to instruct her delegates to propose
a declaration of independence to con-
gress and Richard Henry Lee was
simply ObcyinE the legislative voice of
his colony when he presented his reso-
lutionS.
June 10 congress postponed final
consideration for three weeks, and on
the following day appointed q commit
tee of five to draw up the declaration.
Richard Henry Lee, as the propOSer Of
the plan, would surely have been on the
committee and. possibly, its chairman,
had he not in the meantime been hur-
riedly summoned home by the illness
Of his wife. But for that Lee might
have been the author of the declara-
ton instead Of his younger Virginia
colleague, Thomas Jefferson, then but
thirty-three years old.
Jefferson had brought to congress
the reputation for welding Il facile
pen, and in the balloting for the COM
mttee he received a majority of votes
and became its chairman. The others
We're John Adams Of Massachusetts,
benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania,
Roger Sherman OF Connecticut and
Robert K. Livingston Of New York.
Honor Given Jefferson.
How did jefferson come to be So
lected 10 write the Declaration. "the
one American state paper, as has been
said that has reached to supreme dis
tinctiOn in the world and that seems
likely to last as long as American civil
liZation lasts?
The most Interesting account is Civ
on by John Adams, who says that he
and Thomas Jefferson were designated
by the committee to prepare the rough
minutes in Il proper form. Mr.. Jeffer-
son first proposed that Adams prepare
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27
Exnerientia Docet.

First BaCh-LctS ask Peck. He's
married and will be able to speak
from experience.
Second Bach-On the contrary, he'll
keep his mouth shut from experience.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27

Father want my daughter to
nave as good Il home after marriage
as she had before.
SuitOr-I want her TO have the
same
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27

Thirty women wearing khaki trouS-
cr~ are working as pipetirtcr> in New
Jersey chemical plant
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27
The Two Most Famous sianers.

OF all the signers, Jefferson and
Adams bear a deeper personal relation
to the declaration than any others.
Adams was its most vigorous supporter
in congress and jefferson bears teSti.
mony to his valuable aid. In after
years both received the highest honOrs
that the citizens could beStow. They
were permitted to witness the growth
of their country for half Il century
from the first Independence day. The
day of their death, July 4, 1926. was
the fiftieth anniversary of the memOr-
able Fourth of July. 1t was the most
remarkable coincidence ever recorded
in American history. Jefferson was
cighty-three years old and John Adams
ninety-0ne years.
The sc signers were distributed
among the 10 states in the following
proportion: Pennsylvania, 8: Virginia,
Z; Massachusetts. 5; New Jersey, s;
Connecticut 4; Maryland. /: New
York, /; South Carolina, A. New
Hampshire 8; Delaware, 3; Georgia.
3; North Carolina, 3; Rhode Island, 2.
JeffersOn'S draft Of the declaration
presented to congress and the signed
copy on parchment are in the depart.
ment of state at Washington, the lat.
ter having been replaced for public ex-
hibitiOn several years ago by u fac
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27

delegates. Two others signed later
Thomas Mexican of Delaware, who was
absent with his regiment in August,
and Matthew Thornton of New Hamp-
shire, who was not elected to congress
until the fall, but was permitted to
sign the document in November, MAX
ing the total number of the famous
"Signers" So.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-06-27

INDEPENDENCE day this year
witnesses the unique spectacle of
the Stars and Stripes and the flag
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
LODGE SAYS AERO
FACTS ARE HIDDEN

By prohibiting newspapers and
magazines containing the report Of
the Senate Aircraft Investigating
Committee frpm going abroad. the
Administration is seeking to keep the
facts of the aircraft situation from
the American people, Senator Lodge,
Republican leader. charged on the
floor Of the Senate this afternoon
Senator Weeks read kilograms
from the customs service to port col
lectors instructing them that "maga-
zines, letters, and other publications.
carrying the aircraft report be not
allowed to leave the country. SEN
ator Weeks made a motion that the
committee on printing be instructed
to inquire whether the Congressional
Record had been barred from the for
eign mails. The motion was allowed
to lie on the table.
Senator Poindexter said the Official
Bulletin, carrying what Secretary Of
War Baker termed gross exaggera-
tions' of our aircraft progress, was
permitted to go abroad in large num-
bers-
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
CAPTAIN VALENTINE.
KILLED IN ACTION

Tho name OF Frank C. Valentine,
captain OF Company I, Twenty-sixth
Infantry, Is carried in today's
casualty list as killed in action
Captain Valentines address is given
as Ottawa, Canada, where his rela-
tives lived. but he regarded Washing
ton as his home.
Before entering the officers train
ing camp at Fort Myer shortly after
war was declared, Captain Valentine
was employed in the city postoffice.
He Joined the Fourteenth Company
at Fort Myer and was graduated with
the rank OF lieutenant Later he re-
ceived a captains commission.
He had been in France almost q
year, having been one OF the first
men to go "over there" His regi-
ment, the Twenty-siXth Infantry, was
one of those which distinguished
itself in the fighting around Chateau
Thierry, it is understood, and later in
the drive against the Germans when
they were thrown back from the
Marne
Captain Valentine served twelve
years as a cavalryman in the army be-
fore coming to Washington to live
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
HONORS
j. S. CHAPLAIN
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY IN

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY IN
FRANCE. Aug. 27-The nrst Ameri-
can chaplain to be made q ehevalier
OF the legion OF honor is Chaplain
Harry A Darche, OF Chicago, who Is
fighting son-of-a-gun." in tho Ian
guage OF the private who fought be-
side him
Chaplain Darche exhibited excep-
tional bravery in the bitter lighting
north OF the Marne and thereby won
the highIy-prized French decoration.
The official citation states that he
showed a striking devotion to duty
in an engagement east of (deleted)
on July 10 in ministering to wounded
men under terrific and continuous
machine gun and artillery fire. He
vent out many times after men who
mad been shot in advanced positions.
showing an utter disregard for his
own life. His spirit and self-sacrifce
inspired the line and thrilled the men
with a determination to advance at
all costs. His cheerful demeanor, in
the face OF heavy losses. buoyed up
the men and contributed materially
toward the ultimate success OF the
day"
Chaplain Darche Is at the present
time recuperating in a hospital from
fever contracted while performing
his duties.
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
LONDON INDORSES
LODGE EPEACEPLAN

LONDON. Aug. 27.-The demand Of
Senator Lodge for a dictated peace
is having a Quickened response here.
Tho Times has editorially approved
such a peace.
Emphasizing Lodges speech also
was q letter from Lord Hugh Cecil,
senior member OF parliament from
Oxford University, to his constitu-
ents, in reply to an inquiry concern
ing his position toward Lord Lans-
downe's ideas
Lord CeciIs letter repudiated Lans-
downe's ideas about peace by negotia-
tion, and declared the submission, not
necessarily the destruction, OF Ger
many was necessary to the cause of
civilization
He insisted that any peace treaty
should include the beginning OF a
league Of nations. admitting. however.
that before such a league can realize
hopes of making an end Of war, "all
nations will need a change OF heart"
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
AMERICAN PATROLS
WIN SKIRMISHES

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMIES
IN FRANCE, Aug. 2e (night).-Amer-
lean patrols had the best OF some en-
counters in the TouI and Woevre
regions today.
In the Toul area, an American pa
troll killed and wounded four boches.
During a patrol encounter in the
Woevre, an American doughboy was
wounded in sixteen places by machine
gun bullets. Ten struck him between
the knee and the waist, three entered
his calf md three his arm. He will
recover. This is believed to constitute
a record number OF wounds received
during a minutes skirmishing with
out causing death.
Another American soldier, despite
torn face and a stomach wound
from grenade fragments, pressed for
ward and protested violently against
being returned to the dressing station.
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
VIOLENT FIGHT
RACES ALONG
SECTOR Of
BYNG' ARMY
(continued from First Pagel

NCOnIlnue0 from TlISL dbS.I
Grand and High wood. TheI counter
attack was broken up at that point
and the British positions re-estab-
lished east OF High wood.
Yesterday afternoon and evening
there was severe fighting on the field
of the old Somme battle between
Maricourt flour miles southwest of
Combles) and Bapaume, also to the
northward," the statement said
The enemy counter attacked re-
peatedly in strength. incurring great
losses, but was unable to arrest our
progress.
English and Welsh troops pushed
through Montauban flour miles west
OF Comblesl, along the crest Of the
ridge, capturing High Wood and
reaching Longueval. At the latter
village the enemy counter attacked
at $50 p. m, and forced US back
toward Northumberland "a mile
and a half west Of LongueyaD and
High Wood. We broke up the
enemy's attack, again advancing and
established our lines well east OF
High Wood.
EARLY in the night the enemy
counter attacked a second time. but
was driven of by rife fire before
reaching our positions. North Of
High Wood, the enemy twice counter
attacked at Ligny-Thilloy Ia mile
and a half southwest of Bapaume),
pressing us back $50 yards, where
they were stopped"
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
ADVERTISEMENT
AIkali Makes Soap
Bad for Washing Hair

Most soaps and prepared shampoos
contain too much alkali, which Is very
injurious, as it dries the scalp and
makes the hair brittle
The best thing to use is tust plain
mulsified cocoanut oil, for this is pTrs
and entirely greaseless- It's very
cheap, and beats the most expensive
soaps or anything else all to pieces.
You can get this at any drug store,
and a few ounces will last the whois
family for months
Simply moisten the hair with water
and rub 1t in, about a teaspoonful Is
all that Is required 1t makes an
of rich, creamy lathcr.
cleases thoroughly. and rinscs out
easily. The hair dries quickly AMI
evenly, and Is soft. fresh LOOKING,
bright. fluffy. wavy and easy to han
die. BESIDES, IL loosens and takes out
every particle OF dust. dirt and dan.
druff.
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
REPORT PROGRESS
ON BRITISH FRONT

LONDON. Aug. 27.-Progress along
the whole British front and further
advances on important sectors of the
French front was shown in the Off
cal statements issued by the war
offices last night.
The British have passed the old
Hindenburg line east OF Arras and
have added materially to their gains
around Croiselles and along the north
bank OF the Somme. Confirmation OF
the capture of Fresnoy-le-Roye was
contained in the Paris communique.
The Berlin night statement reported
British attacks extending north OF the
ecarpe, which mainly failed" It
stated counter attacks are progress
ing In some places, and claimed the
secapture OF Longueval and Montau-
ban
The Belgian communique reported
repulse Of German attacks in the re-
gion Of Merokem and Langhemsrcq.
north OF Ypres.
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
FRENCH CONTINUE
ADVANCE ON ROYE

PARIS. AUG. zT.-French troops ad-
VAnced toward Roye this morning
after repulstng several counter at
tAeks in that region. the war office
announced
The French advanced three-quar-
tsrs Of . mile east Of BAEneux (nve
miles north and west OF Soissons)
yesterday and repulsed . counter at
tack west of ChaVigny midway be-
tween Bagneux and Soissons).
Artillery fighting continued last
night between the Aisne and AIlette.
fhe French took LOO prisoners yes
6ardAy.
South of the Avrs the French this
morning Gecentuated British progress
m the region OF st. Mard "a mile and
q half west Of Roye) after several
German counter attacks were re-
pulsed" the communicate said.
In yesterdays fighting the French
took 1,1oo prisoners, including thirty
G1H oficerA
-Between The oiss and the Aisne
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
PRUSSIAN GUARDS
ARE BEATEN BACK

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY ON
THE AISNE VESLE FRONT, Aug. 81.
The famous Prussian guard is being
used by General Won Boehm In des-
perate counter attacks against the
forces OF General Mangin at the en-
trance of the Coucy forest, northeast
of Scissors. This fact has become
known through the capture OF prison
ers in the repulse of the German on
slaughts.
The enemy is making every effort
to check the advance of General Man
gins army in the vicinity OF the
Coucy forest, where the Huns are in
danger of being outflanked and forced
to make a hasty retreat.
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
100000 TONS Of
SHIPPING LAUNCHED

Americas shipbuilding efforts have
put 100000 dead weight tons OF
shipping into the night against the
Kaiser. Unofficial figures today re-
vealed that 552 ships with a total
dead weight tonnage OF 3.OO6. 400 tons
have slipped from the ways OF Ameri-
can shipbuilding plants.
Featuring the launchings OF the
last week was the completion OF the
hull OF the second ship at the great
Hog Island plant. The 7,5O0-ton
freighter Saccrappa Is now in the de-
livery basin and her engines are
being put In placA
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
ROY CASE SUSPECT
ON GRILL z HOURS
CONTINUED from First Page)

Continued from First Page)
the Commonwealth attorney on the
return from the camp.
The sheriff says that he does not
claim to be an expert in Sweating"
criminal into giving testimony
which would lead to his inc-imina-
ton, but that he Is doing everything
that he can to find the guilty person.
He stated yesterday tina. he was OF
the opinion that IL Mr.. Burns would
return to the case now, some hing
tangible might be wrested from the
suspected parties which would lead
to the trail of the real criminal
Sheriff Allison is so convinced that
an expert at this time would mean
tho apprehension of the guilty person.
that following a conference with the
Commonwealth attorney the same
view has been taken by the latte-
He states he will welcome any expert
advice and assistance which will lead
to the apprehension OF the murderer OF
Eva Roy the noon OF August 8.
Ask for Help.
He states that he wants Il under
stood the county officials--0f Fairfax
county are not combining themselves
Into close corporation, but are ready
and willing to do anything possible
to unravel the mystery which until
now seems to protect the criminal
from the arm OF Justice.
The soldier upon arrival At camp
Is said to have shown all physical
signs OF having been under the infiu-
ence Of some drug. His body was
reeking with filth and his underwear
was gone. He claims to have never
used a drug OF any kind
Suppose I would have found your
underwear at the spring where Eva
Roy was murdered?' the Common
wealth attorney asked him, but his
reply was similar to all others
81 don't remember"
But while the sheriff and Common
wealth attorney have given out
enough Information concerning their
interview with the Camp Humphrey
soldier, Attorney Walter T. oliver,
counsel for Lou Hall, now held by the
Fairfax county authorities on the
charge Of numbering the girl seems
not to consider the new evidence par
ticularly material.
Calls Evidence Planted.
He still contends that the investi-
cations SO far have only followed
planted" evidence, which is against
his client, Lou Hall.
while 1 would hate to think the
soldier is guilty" stated the attorney,
II know that one of the principal fac
tors in the case has not been brought
out
This man, Lou Hall, my client, Is no
more guilty of such a crime than /
am. He Is actually incapable of such
a thing. And you can depend on the
Commonwealth's having to get a
change Of venue before he can be con-
victed, for the people of Fairfax
county do not believe him guilty of
numbering little Eva Roy"
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
TO REPAY NORWAY

CHRISTIANIA, Aug. 27.-ReplyIng
to Norway's protest against sinking
of her shipping outside the danger
zone" Germany has offered compensa-
ton where IL is proved a ship was
unk without warning, II was an
.nUnCed today. NorweEisnu news
Papers advocate seizure Of equivalent
German tonnage, such as Spain forced
upon Germany.
The Washington times., 1918-08-27

Crown Prince Rupprecht recently
went to Munich for a rest. He was
before then in command OF the Ger
man armies on the northern front
in the west His first wife died in
1912. He was born !n 1869.
Princess Antoinette is one OF the
five sisters of the Grand Duchess
Marie Adelaide, OF Luxembourg. She
was born in 1899. All OF her sisters
are unmarried.
The Washington times., 1918-08-27
FIGHT AT S0ISSONS
GROWS FTERCER

PARIS, Aug. 81 90 g. m.)@Gen-
eral Mangin has won possession OF
high ground south OF Crecy-Au-Mont
from where the German positions
north and east OF Scissors are being
heavily shelled- These positions are
now subject to a double fire, as they
are also being shelled from the
French line along the Aisne, east Of
Soissons
French continue to acquire Jump
ing-off' places for future operations