Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-01

country not before used Tor grazing
stock. In order to- make the new
In many instances necessary to con-
struct trails or drivoways. Watering
facilities have also been improved.
The various increased allowances
have been authorised only after caro-
ful consideration.
-
A survey Of educational conditions
In other warning countries has been
made by ex-
EDUCATION in Other perts Of the
Warning Countries. ssuestion. It
is not yet possible fully to estimate
the profound and far-reaching effects
of the war upon education. Those Of
ing the matter say that prolongation
of hostilities may not only aggravate
evils hitherto successfully combated,
but develop situations altogether un-
precedented. Certain facts, however,
ness to indicate, In general lines, the
tendencies of the present upheaval
These facts crop out, with striking
similarity, in all the countries now at
warm each Of the central powers as
we'll as of the allied nations-and
Significance, the experts point out.
1t is obvious, for example, that the
damage to the educational systems
of the warning countries has been
merely material and qualitative:
School buildings have been destroyed
or commandment: teachers have been
drafted; universities and higher
schools have lost in some instances as
much as rs per cent of their regular
enrolment; war industries tries have have
whose education has thus been dis
turbed or postponed. If not perma-
nently ended. But interest in public
education has nowhere been weak
ened, nor have the standards OF IN
struction been lowered. On the con-
to the supreme social Importance OF
education as in this time when all es.
tablished social institutions are being
tested as by fire.
England are engaged in simulta-
neous reorganization Of their respective
systems Of public education. and the
continuation school projects now pend
ing in the parliaments at Paris and
London are essentially identical. They
both introduce universal compulsory
continuation schooling Of general and
vocational character. The English bill
provides, in addition, for an extern
sion and perfection of elementary
school compulsion. In Italy the ele-
mentary school system is undergoing
extension. and provision has been
made, it was found. for instruction of
illiterate adults.
In addition to the present activities.
it has been found that extensive plans
for educational reconstruction and re-
forms after the war are under con-
sideration in all the warning coun-
tries. In these plans several features
appear with striking similarity in the
different countries. It is. for example,
the consensus Of educational opinion
that Improvement must be sought in
technical and vocational education, in
modern languages and commercial
subjects. in physical and character
II is said that q recent dispatch
from Rome states that in Austria,
owing to the serious shortage of food,
school children are suffering from
malnutrition to such an extent that it
is practically useless for them to con-
tinue their studies.
~
Not the least Of the many interest
ing new jobs that Uncle Sam has
undertaken since tho
Insurino war began Is that Of
soldiers and sailors in
EISnte1s. surance. After the en-
listed man has been required by the
government to do his full duty to
protect his family. ana after the gov
eminent has provided such supple
mentary protection as the circum-
stances require for his family through
F.~i1v aIyovancaa and has alsO pra
vided through compensation for the
risks and hazards Of his military or
naval service. an opportunity Ia offer
cd to officers and enlisted men alike
to insure themselves at low cost, pur-
posely brought within the means of
all. and thus give themselves and
their families all the added protection
that human foresight and generous
people can provide. This work ia
under the direction of the Treasury
Department
Government insurance furnished at
cost, which does not include any
charge for administrative expenses
nor many of the usual overhead
charges nor the extra war risk which
ordinary business insurance COM
panies would have to include, Is pro-
vided literally. Tho cost Of such in
surance at the usual commercial rates
would be prohihittve for enlisted men,
and even for most officers. The gov
eminent has created the risk and has
in . certain sense deprived the men
in its military ana naval forces OF
their insurahihty. and therefore 1t
pays the extra cost The ofiioer and
enlisted man. however. must exhibit
those economic virtues Of foresight
and thrift and elect tor themselves 10
take this insurance and pay the ANAL