davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
FINALLY
WE therefore ask the expulsion Of
w Robert NJ. La Toilette from the

w Robert NJ. La Toilette from the
Senate.
Even though, when brought to the bar
of the Senate, he now denies that he
, uttered the words imputed to him, the
fact that he did not promptly disavow
, them throws a searching light upon his
loyalty
Even though his loyalty could meas
urc up to the acid test of such test
oath as we have above suggested, never
theless in the public mind he is exert
ing a seditious influcnce-and his pub
lie usefulness is at an end.
Even il now, when put upon the de-
fensve, he profess L sincere devotion
to duty and to country, yet he is to all
intents and purposes continuing the
propaganda which Won Bernstorff and
his agents were at such pains and eX-
pense to inaugurate and carry on-and
no other way, short of his taking up
arms against the United States could
he give greater aid and comfort to the
public enemy.
We would not presume to anticipate
the operation of the minds of the mem
bers OF this honorable committee by
any lengthy analysis OF the st. Paul
speech.
But we submit that the mental atti-
tude of the respondent Senator is dis
closed for all purposes by his attitude
in regard to the Lpsitania outrage.
Condensed from the current reports,
what he said was:
He was opposed to this war
That it arose from Germany's viola
tion of the technical" rights of Amcri-
car citizens. Or, as he also STYLED it.
that poor privilege"
That an American citizen travelling
on foreign ship laden with munitions
took his life in his hands.
That such technical rights" were not
worth going to war about.
Mr.. Charles Edward Russell. n mem
ber of the Presidents, mission to
Russia. has asserted in several public
addresses since his return that he
heard on the Nevsky Prospect in Petro-
grad agitators quoting in their pro
German propaganda similar utterances
of TINS, very Senator IN support of the
argument that the United States was in
tthls thls war for protiteeripg purposes and
sincere ally of Russia.
The fact seems almost incredible.
Such utterances by Senator of the
United States in the year of grace 1917
disclose such lamcntable Ignorance
OF the causes of this war, Of our rela-
ton to the world conflict, of the condi-
'lons OF our civilization. of the funda-
mcntaS purpose OF our form Of govern
ment and OF the world mission of
free people that nothing that he can
contribute hereafter to the delibern-
tions of the Senate can be reasonably
expected to bo of the slightest service
to the American people or to humanity,
The United States Senate owes it to
its own dignity to repudiate such
representation of any portion of this
great fepublic and to terminate forth
with his facilities for further mischicf
ut the expense u the goyernment.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

and always freely enjoyed in this coun-
try, has nothing whatever to do. The
experience of TWO of our allies in the
present conflict. Russia and Italy, has
already demonstrated beyond the pos
slbility Of dispute the danger of a
propaganda attempting to discourage
the people of comba.ant nation, and
to encourage and make more deter
named the persistence and aggress ION
CT the people of the public enemy ma
ton. The mere fact that in this propa,
sanda, fostered by the German govern
laent, Misrepresentation and untruth
hisTe been prominent from the outset
increases in the Judgment OF this Anti
Dis.oyalty Committee the RESPONSE
bility Of q public officer such as is a
Senator of the United States to repu-
date promptly any Interpretation put
upon his most casual utterance that
would strengthen the power of such 81
propaganda or increase the likelihood
of its being misrepresented, so as to
give aid and comfort to the public
enemy.
In cases recorded at length in the
"Precedents of the House of Represen-
tatives," most of which related to the
situation in this country at the time of
the Civil War, one of the outstanding
characteristics of the sedition or dis
loyalty complained OF was the attempt
to create a doubt in the minds Of the
loyal American people as to the valid
'ty- of the war and the propriety Of
wsging such war for such an avowed
purpose. And therefore we now urge
under this head Of its memorandum
that the inquiry before your committee
is not whether the utterances of Sem
etor La Toilette whether admitted by
himself or allowed by MIN to be i'm
puted to himself, unchallenged, or
whether proved by any process of evil
dence to have been uttered by him
constitute technical treason within the
meaning of the constitutional provision
relating thereto, but it is whether it is
now demonstrable that he is loyal
citizen Of the United States, and there
fore entitled to represent substantial
fraction of the loyal people of the
United States in time of war
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
Their Only Hope
Ii Part Of Plumber

with the sources Of revenue shrink
ing and tho expenditures going up by
leaps and bounds, the financial catas-
tropbc in Bulgaria j.. row only II mat
ter Of months. The one hope is that
their German and Austrian allies viii!
abandon sufficient of the plundcr from
Eumania 10 set the country on its feet
again. But the financial necessities Of
the Central Powers are just MS press
ing AZ th6ge Of Bulgaria, and there is
little prospect of their making any
great sacrifices for their Balkan ally.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
pv Gordon Gordon-Smith

vLGARIA is bankrupt. lOn that
X point. after the recent speech in
~ the Sobranjc OF N. Tontchef,
Minister CT Finance. there can be TO
1oubt. On his own figures Bulgaria is
IN IN insoltent condition. The iinan-
s;al burdens which the war mas laid
=, the country call for an effort which
. oeasant state like Bulgaria can never
meet. The only hope Of salvation lies
IN Bulgaria receiving q large share of
.se Pumanan loot, which is estimated
at several billion dollars.
II Germany and Austria consent to
this the ruin of Rumania might be the
salvation of King Ferdinand's kingdom.
But when brieands quarrel over the
division Of their plunder it is generally
the stronger who impose their will.
There is, therefore, little likelihood of
Germany and Austria abandoning a
large share of the Rumanan loot to
their Bulgarian ally.
The picture drawn by NJ. Tontchef
Of Bulgaria's financial situation was
sombre in the extreme. "The Ministe-
rial Council" he declared, "has decid-
ed that the budget of expenditure for
1918 will remain the same as in 1917,
with the exception Of the expenditure
necessary for the public debt, an addi-
tional 100000 levs (the Bulgarian
lev at par is worth 20 cents) for the
pensions Of invalids and an augmenta-
tion of the credits for the new districts
Of Drama and Seres. As I told you last
year, as long as the rife remains the
sole arbiter in national conflict extraor-
binary credits are inevitable
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
POINT II
NO QUESTION of Senatorial priv
/ y ilcgc or the constitutional right
to free speech is affected by the
inuuiry hcfOra tho comp,;t4on

inquiry before the committee.
All congressional prccedcnts and all
interpretations of the Constitution of
the United States in dealing with this
question of privilege or dealing with
the expulsion of a member Of the House
or of the Senate emphasize the limita-
ton that the Constitution is a -protec-
tion to members Of the national Legis-
laturc against being questioned or
called to account outside Of the House
or Senate for sncoch or debote in the
exercise Of their constitutional duir.
But whatever may be the propricty Of
the conduct Of a member of the ma
tional legislature, in his attemnt to
insure the consideration Of every side
of an important question lc}ile lc0ialu-
t'on ts pendiag, and in order thereto to
express his views with the utmost free
dom under this privilege we most scri-
ously question whether the ;cgis Of the
constitutional protection extends to tho
gratuitous circulation of infammntory
or sedltlous utterances under the frank
Of 3. particular member Of the House
or Senate distributed broadcast over
the country when the Congress has
finally acted. for the purpose or with
the inevitable result OF ACCOMPLISHING
another and different result We aro
informed that many of the speeches
uttered by Mr.. La Toilette on the noor
Of the Senate which have shocked apd
aroused the, conscience or rcvoltcd the
loyal sentiment OF the country hnvc
been by him circulated, at the cxpcnao
OF the government, under his frank. for
the express purpose H defeating the
aims or rctarding and obstructing tho
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

purposes of the government in the con-
duct and prosecution of the war.
We add that once the legislation
which a Senator may have opposed be-
comes the law of the land, he, as all
other citizens, must be obeeient
thereto, and his Senatorial priyilcge IS
ut an end and merged IN the duty i'm
posed by lac on erery cii-en. For him
to continue to oppose such legislation
or to obstruct its operation becomes dis
loyalty unprotoctod by any pxivilegc.
POINT iii
FHsHE conduct and utterances of the
a respondent Senator have shown
him to be unfit for the further exercise
Of his Office.
In a time Of war every fundamental
agency of the government should be in
full, hearty and sympathetic co0pera-
ton in order to create efficiency. Any
thing that tends TO destroy that SYM
pathy and cooperation hnders and
hampers the government in the eff
cient prosecution of the war. And
when the loyalty Of a Senator Of the
to a particular utterance, not made in
the discharge of his official duty, the
able analysis made by Mr.. Charles
Stewart Dawson in the article pub
lshed py The American Rights League,
No. 81, of September, 1917. as to what
"givng aid and comfort to the public
enemy may be, and what the covert
act" involves, which is the essence Of
that reasonable conduct, may we'll be
quoted in this connections:
First: That intent may be deduced
from course Of conduct, and that
every one is presumed in law to in
tend the natural consequences of his
acts.
Second: That adherence to the
enemy is g phrase to denote mental
attitude on the part of the accused,
and the jury may dcduce its exist
encc from persons course of con-
duct and the jury's deduction will
stand.
Third: That the utterance of either
an overt act as is n decd.
Fourth: That doing or saying or
writing anything which tends to
hearten or encourage the enemy,
whether aimed against these United
States or in form aimed against any
ally in war Of these United States,
is as much within the provision Of
the Constitution as would be the
rendering Of a material physical aid
to the common fec.
Fifth: Ihot tie test Of modern
conditions will be applied in deter
mining whether the speaking or
writing may reasonably be deemed
to have afforded, or to be calculated
to afford. aid and comfort to the en-
cmy, to have encouraged his resist
ancc, to have heartened his effort.
These pithy propositions emphasize
our contention that in the present
crusade tor democracy in which propa-
ganda of ideas is playing so influential
Il part the enemy is given aid and COM
fort in ways the effect of which might
in other times not have been so clearly
apparent.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
La Follettes Loyalty Indictment
he Bret Presented to the Senate Committee Behalf of the Amer
Loyalty League

The Senate Committee on Elec-
t1oms and Privleges is mow passing
judgment on Robert NJ. La Toilette.
The following brief is the most Gig
orons statement Of tho reasons qchy
he should be expelled for disloyalty.
II 1tGs presented to the committee by
the AmtiDisloyalty- Committee of
the American Defence Society.
Every loyal American should read 1t.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
People 5 Money
Made by Printers

ii. TontcheH omitted to point out
mat the money which has found its
way into the pockets of the Bulgarian
population was paid in paper. There
Z" no reason, so long as the gov
slhihens possesses printing press,
WY every Bulgarian peasant should
H'S become d millionaire. As long as
me war lasts there is in Bulgaria "a
'ofced currency which every inhabitant
must accept at it's face value. But after
we war the value Of Bulgarian money
VIII De established by the quotation
VI tne open money market Of the
Sofid. 1t is then that the Bulgarian
Seasant will find that his money is so
"'Sca waste paper. The present sys-
'sm resembleg feeding a dog on his
"sa tail" He may not feel hungry
:" thc moment, bat afterward he will
have no tail.
me thrift Of the populations" con-
mugs A. Tontched, "is very great. It
ass paid into the state treasury $780,
.''''" ieYs f&7S,45G G,S00) in 1914; 2G5,-
sos''eo levs >,n1 900 in 1915; 327,-
.s,'vvo y, lcys lss5,5si ,2o0) in 1916, and
s'".'oi 300 levz fs55,2 ,202 900 for the
NY nine nonthg Of 1917.
me exchange Of Bulgarian money
~ S~i'zer!and Is very low, but it will
'nee become normal when peace is
Concluded"
~ IontcheT is either a great opti-
~ 's' Or ne IL trying TO deceive the So
Sn's. There is 10 reason why o
s~psr currency with no metallic guar
ss should "at once become normal"
~f peace has been concluded. For
-. 81 countries viii probably find Bull
'~h money n good thing To avoid
s'xaris, H. must be remembered, is
- agricultural country without indus
~ - % any kind, Even the articles she
80 z<sguess are not Of nature calculated,
e time being at least, to bring In
e aeney to the population, coAsist-
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
Country Staggers
Under Heavy Load

when the Gar Nicholas called the
first disarmament conference at The
Hague it was then estimated that a
European war would cost any of the
great powers waging it six billions of
francs. This sum has been, exceeded
by a little country like Bulgaria.
"The consolidated public debt to-day
reaches & total of 1,OS1,316,641 levs
(s216,263, ,328). The floating debt since
1912 has risen to the sum of 1924 20O,-
Ol3 levs 64,S40,0O2). We have, in
addition, tudgetary deficit of about
lOs,OO0,000 levs 1921, ,so0,00O). On
October 1 the sum due to the National
Bulgarian Bank amounted to 431,368,-
075 levs (s86,273,615). The floating
debt. therefore, amounts to 1856, $685.
os7 levs (s573,112,617). The consoli-
dated public debt and the floating
debt. therefore, amounted on October
/, 1917, to 3,947,s77,o7s levs (s7s9, ,575,-
4l5( and on January /, 1913, it had in
creased to 4,o77,s77 ,o7s levs We DO
not reckon here the value of the war
material, which amounts to a billion
levs"
As this war material was provided
by Germany, there is no doubt that
that country will insist on it's pound
Of flesh" from its Bulgarian ally. The
total debt is therefore 5,077,877,07S
levs (s1,o15.575,417).
up to October 81, 1917" continues
the Minister, "there had been paid for
requisitions mad, during the war in
Did and New Bulgaria the sum of 667,-
100000 levs. The sum of 82,000,00O
levs was paid for acquisitions made
during the Balkan war.
u am not one Of those who have no
faith in Bulgaria. On the contrary,
believe that when Bulgaria will have
realized her aspirations she will be
able TO hold herself firmly in the
saddle. In the course of this war, if
not all the population, at least three
quarters OF it have been able to earn
money and enrich themselves. The
sum Of 100000 900 levs (s340,oo0,O0O)
mas passed into the hands Of the popu-
iation, particularly the farmers. This
year We have harvested 100000 kilos
(ls5,ooo,ooo lbs.) of tobacco, for which
We will obtain 800 0,ooo, 900 levs $780,
100000. The greater part of this
money will 20 to the growers"
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
+ Foresaw Birth of
Freedom in Italy

1taly's aspirations ror freedom were
the subject of many of Karl Marks
letters, and he was able to foresee the
unlflcatlon of that people, so long dom
mated by Austria. His analysis of the
motives by which the German princes
were actuated has been fully con-
iirmed by history. He wrote:
THE Italian confusion begins to clear
up, and, happily for freedom and prog
ress, it is not in the interest of das-
potism and oppression that the affairs
are disentangled. So far as we can
see, it is indeed the Emperor of Aus
trla who has been cheated at Villa
franca. losing more than he was pre-
pared to give up at the suddenly con-
cludcd peace. In the eagerness oe
evading the pressure of Prussia. which
insisted upon a more decent adminis-
tration of the provinces of Austria and
upon modification Of the Concordat
as the price of the eagerly expected
support, Francis Joseph consented to
surrender Lombardy, but not his posi-
tion as the ruling Italian power.
The Court of Vienna is now furious.
but Francis Joseph is not eager to re
new the unequal struggle with France
and Italy, especially since he has man.
aged to embitter the feelings of the
Prince Regent Of Prussia and to es
TRANCE the sympathies of Southern
GERMANY"
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

Half century ago The Prussians
we're posing as a misunderstood and
cruelty prosecuted people. They want
cd their place in the sun, although the
phrase had not then been invented.
They wanted to civilze the rest of the
world. They desired that they might
be permitted to inoculate all their
ueighbors with the virus Of "kultur,"
Of which they alone possessed the Sc
cret. This is how Marx viewed their
pretensons to superiority:
"The Germans have no reason to
complain of anybody but themselves.
They are not oppressed by foreign
powers, nor coerced by foreign ar
mics; but instead of putting their
shoulders to the wheel, they abused
England for her selfshness and France
for her love of conquest, and Italy
for her turbulence, and Hungary for
her restlcssress; since German science
is Of such precious growth that
England ought rather go to war than
10 ulloW llst d ffeHCn campaign IN
Italy should disturb the leisure Of
the German universities, and Hun
gary, Italy, Poland and Bohemia must,
of course, be oppressed that the Rhine
should be defended by the worthless
blood of Hungarian hussars, Italian
infantry, Polish lancers and Bohemian
artillery, and not by the precious sin
cws of the Germans. who are destined
to ennoble mankind by philosophical
speculation. There was never a pc
riod in history when Germany lay
deeper in the mire than now. The
German papers are, at the present
moment. displeased with all the ma
tions of Europe. They find
fault with everybody but with them
selves and their princes. No paper
speaks Of the maladministratio in
Hesse. of the ludicrous pomposity of
the Hanoverian court, of the bureau
cratic anarchy in Austria, Of the ultra
montanc intrigues in Bavaria, of the
Puseyite hypocrisy in Wdrttemberg."
They Taught Just
What to. Think
There was PROFESSIONAL army quite,
even in those days, as we'll disciplined
as any other branch Of the Prussian
service. It received instructions from
headquarters as to what the rising
generation ought to think, and saw to
1T that all mental processes conformed
to the goose step" Tho system worked
we'll then, and hasn't slipped a cog
since. Karl Marx thus pays his re-
spects to typical professors propa-
ganda. reversing German opinion in
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
He Knew About
Teutonic Genius

A few days later. again discussing
the Italian struggle for freedom. Marx
compares the Teutonic genius with that
OF the Latin peoples, and with bitine
irony finds that superiority rests with
the Latins, despite Teutonic boastingsa
Napoleon says he will not prevent
austrian tyranny, and of course no
russia nor England fight for an idea;
1t IS only France which sheds her
blood, and squanders her treasures, fer
a foreign nation. and without looking
to material advantage, solely for the
glory OF defeating the Austrians and
raising third rate power in Italy to
nrst rate one. The German
world is still in the usual chaotic con-
fusion. Liberal professors and book
sellers sign the declaration of Eisenach,
which makes Germany over to Prussia
the King of Hanover threat
ems TO his faithful town of Emden that
II she should listen to these insidious
Prusslan aliurements he will prevent
her getting railroad and harbor inn
provements, and Emden remains silent.
what a contrast with Italy, where the
middle classes and the aristocracy have
joined in enthusiasm for the unity Of
openly opposes the anti-national ten
dencies of Austria, and Count Cayour
has boldly undermined the thrones of
all those petty dukes who stood in the
way of Italian unity, in spite Of the
divine right of princes. Schwerins and
Schleinintzes of Prussia have not the
pluck to act the same part in Germany;
they wish for German unity, and for
trussian supremacy, but they do not
want to cust the thirty German princes
from their houses. They wish that the
German populations would do it them
selves, and, having expelled their
princes. submit voluntarily to the stick
Of the Prussian non-commi issioned SOL
der. and even then Prussia would not
accept at once the offered supremacy
without stipulating for some hypocriti-
cal concession in favor OF the princes,
who arc instituted by God and do not
IN any way, depend upon tho good will
of their subjects. Whatever Be in tho
abstract the superiority Of the Teutonic
genius, we must confess that in 1859
the Latin spirit of Italy has proved
more practical AMI therefore more sue
cessfpl"
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

NX 7FlAT IS socialism! Can Its
w ideals be roconciled with those
o. military au.ocYacy: Does
IS hatred e nilitarsn justify rcf'.sai
70 oppose the divine right OF princes
when thaS ancient theory is enforced
by the sw0rd9 Is It content to war
against capital with words and to turn
paci:ist at the command of four such
Social Democrats as the German En-
pcror, the Sultan OF Turkey, the Gar
os Bulgaria end the Austrian Kaiser?
Many Socialists have answered these
questions for themselves. ,Liebknecht
lid, was muzzled and thrown into
prison. Spargo, Phelps Stokes and 9TH
ors did end were cas-, into outer dark
ness by the majority CT their party in
America.
In Germany most of the Socialists
who have obtained Office support the
Kaiser. In America the rank and file
OF Socialists sill preach non-resist-
&Mcc. IN Russia ;hey practise non
resistance. In France they are no longer
Socialists. but Frenchmen.
In America all Socialists have not
answered the questions above presented
to their own satisfaction. To resolve
their doubts they are invited to con-
slider single question which embraces
all the others and to ask themselves:
"Shall l follow Karl Marx or Wilhelm
Hohenzollern -
Marx Understood
Prussian Ambitions
What Hohenzollernism represents is
self-evident, but it will be-worth while
for rational Socialists to refresh their
minds with the teachings of Karl Marx
where they apply to present day condi-
tons From 1851 until the outbreak
of the Civil War compelled The New
York Tribune to eurtail it's foreign
service Karl Marx was this newspa-
ner's London correspondent. The quo
tations in this article are made from
his letters to The Tribune. They show
prophetic instinct as we'll as thorough
understanding of Prussan ambitions
and Italian aspirations. Let it be re-
membcred that his estimate of "kultur"
was that of a Doctor Of Philosophy
who had earned his degree in Ger
man university.
How Marx came to settle in London
and to write for The Tribune may be
gathered from John Spargo's biog-
raphy: GAS soon as he was expelled
/ from Prussia Karl Marx fastened to
! Paris. One fine morning the familiar
! figure OF the sergeant Of police ap-
peared with the announcement that
Karl 'et sa dame must leave Paris
within twenty-four hours. So there
| was nothing to do but seek the pro-
lection of London, that mother Of eX-
ilcs,' whose tradition of inviolable asy-
lum brought to her doors so many OF
the choicest spirits Of Europe. Then
came little relief. Freligrath, whose
friendship with Longfellow gave him
some literary connections in America,
recommended him as a desirable con-
tributor to c. A. Dana, who had not
yet lost sympathy with Brook Farm
IDEALS, and he became correspondent of
The New York Tribune, of which Dana
was MANAGING editor"