davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
Total Eclipse of Sun Will Cast
A Shadow on City To-day
New York to Become City of Darkness at 81 Tonight
When Phenomenon Will Be Visible Here
First Since Civil War

Notice is hereby given to all ex-
cltablc citizens that the dark object
winch they will see sailing across the
face OF the sun ut 1923 o'clock this
evening will not be the wing of Ger
man airplane, swooping down on New
York for the first air raid.
1t will be merely a harmless, scien-
ti'ic eclipse Of the sun, executed by
our old friend. tho moon, who is sus-
pected Of being jealous since there has
reen so much conversation this spring
about the value of sunlight and the
Importance of saving one hour Of it,
AT any rate, the moon will sail straight
IN front of the sun, as much as to say:
See how helpless your fine sun is
when anybody really attempts to take
the shine out of him."
To make It more humiliating. the
insult will be accomplished gradually
oeglnnlng at 6:32 and lasting until
S:l6, the period of greatest darkness
being at 7: :26, when 68 per cent of the
suns face will be hidden
Total Eclipse Rare
Unless the sun calls in the aid of
his former enemies, the clouds, and be-
seechcs their mercy to help him hide
MS disgrace. all New York, and in
deed practically the whole United
states. will witness the affair. Nothing
can stop it, and unless it is rainy
who make 1t their business to be on a
ferryboat or q high hill or the root
of skyscraper two hours before sun
set. 1t will be such a spectacle as few
persons in this country have ever seen
since the last eclipse Of this kind oc-
Cured for the United States during
the Civil War
There are eclpses of the sun al
least once year, and sometimes four
or five year, but seldom are they tota
eclipses. Sill less frequently are they
visible from the United States Ninety
nine years must elapse before there
will be another like to-day's.
Although from New York City the sun
will appear only 68 per cent in shadow
the eclipse will be total for narrow
United States from the State of Wash
ington to Florida
1t looks on the map as if some one
with soft black pencil fifty miles
thick had drawn line diagonally
across the country. Standing on very
high mountain, astronomers say. it
looks like the shadow of a great roune
cloud moving across the fields, as they
do suddenly some times on summer
afterno oons just before thunderstorms
Night Replaces Day
For few moments while the eclipse
is total night suddenly takes the place
Of day. The stars shine out with al
the brilliance of winters night
Birds futter about, twittering in ter
ror, and the chickens take to thei,
roosts. It will be necessary for al
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08

ngnts to be turned on save those
"hlch reveal too much to possible Ger
man avlators, who might try to take
advantage of the sudden darkness,
combined with the element of terror
IN the phenomenon, to pull off their
much talked-of raidl.
FROM behind the solid black disk the
most remarkable part Of the eclipse is
me fringe of flame shooting out around
the circumference Of the sun. Beyond
lhls Is pearly gray or greenish halo,
somewhat like the Aurora Borealis,
called the suns corona, an object Of
peculiar interest to astronomers, since
only when the sun is hidden is this
visible
Expeditions to study the eclipse
nave been stationed at many points in
lhc west, whore the period of totality
VIII be longer than it is on the Florida
coast. The members of the Lick OBJ
scrvatory expedition will be estab-
ished at Goldendale, Washington. near
the sea, instead Of in their own obscr-
vatory. This is one of the misfortunes
OF the war. Many great instruments
from the Lick Observatory were sent
to Russia in 1914 to study a total
eclipse from Kiev, and owing to the
confusion within Russia ever since
they have not been returned or had
not at the last reports. The astron-
omcrs haVc taken up their position as
near the Pacific port Of entrance as
possible in order to avail themselves
OF the instruments in case they do
arrive in time.
War Handicaps Observations
Under ordinary conditions scientists
from all parts of the earth would have
congregated here to make observations
| hut bo
Europe are engaged in watching total
eclipse Of another nature which is ex-
pected at an early date "somewhere
in France"
Scientific interest centres in three
questions, which may be answered
through the observations made to-day.
The mythical planet Vulcan, said to
hover near the sun, may be given a
positive identity. The great solar
force that makes Mercury shake as
with an astral plague as it spins
around its orbit may be discovered
Chief Of the theories which arc to be
proved or dsproved is that of "rela-
tlvlty," first suggested by Einstein, a
German physicist. The nubbn of this
theory is that the light from the stars
beyond the sun is bent by the suns
gravity before IL reaches the earth in
about the same manner that street
car rail IS bent around slight curve.
The eclipse is expected also to throw
some light on the composition of the
suns spectrum, or corona, which dur
ing the period of totality, glows with
a greensh hue. Scientists want to
know what makes it green. Professor
E. P. Lewis. department cf physics OF
the University of California, believes
that the corona is made up of I'M
known elements, and he is to concen.
trate his attention upon this problem
through large quartz spectograph al
the Lick Observatory headquarters at
| Goldenda]e, Washington.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
He Notified Gov. Whitman
Month Ago of Intention
to Resign
Successor Not Picked
Expects to Act as Government
Mediator in Disputes
Due to War

Oscar S. Straus, chairman of the
Public Service Commission, who more
than month ago wrote Governor Whit
man that he wished to resign from the
commission, said yesterday he probably
would retire as commissioner on July l.
Commissioner Straus more than q
month ago wrote me that he wished
to retire from the Public Service
Commission" said Governor Whit
man last night at the St. Regis. "He
July l. If I correctly remember he
mentioned no date asked him to
continue until | could decide upon his
successor, and he complied with my
suggestion. AS yet I have not def
nitely fixed upon his successor. His
letter of resignation is in Albany and
| expect to make it public when I re-
turn to Albany the first of the week"
of the Public Service Commission on
December 20, 1915, succeeding J. Ser
geant Cram. At the time of his ap-
pontment Mr.. Straus refused to accept
the post for the full five years, and
it was understood he would retire at
the end of two years.
Chairman Straus went to Washing
ton yesterday at the request of Fooc
Administrator Hoover to arbitrate Ger.
tain differences between the Fedora
fuel administration and the American
Sugar Refining Company as to the price
the latter should charge for sugar. The
matter does not involve any labor diff
ficulties. 1t Is expected that Mr.. Straus
following his severence with the Public
Service Commission, will occupy gooc
deal of his time in acting as a mediator
for the government in various disputes
arising from war conditions.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
I axes for Month
Pay War Bills
For 4S Hours
Government Levies Far Be-
low Cost of Conflict, Treas
ury Report Shows

WASHINGTON, June 7.-Government
taxes gathered from q wide variety Of
sources every month are barely suf-
ficient, if levies on incomes and excess
profits are excluded, to pay war ex-
penses for two DAYS of the month. This
was shown to-day by detailed Treas
ury report of tax collections for April,
giving the yield of ordinary and war
taxes for that month as $93,700,000.
Government expenses are now run
ming nearly $5O,000,000 day.
Corporation income and excess prof
it's taxes collected in April were $127,-
cess profits receipts were SAL ,721 700,
making total of S169,335,000 from
these sources. This represented orly
6, small amount, comparatively, with the
two billion dollars or more which Will
be collected within the next ten days.
Tax Income Drops
Other minor sources of revenue are
shown by the following April collec-
tions:
From whiskey and other spirits, $32,-
I'll 900; tobacco, $15,888,000; beer and
other fermented liquors, $11 1856, 900;
freight taxes, $6,7860O0; passenger
ticket taxes, $6,0S7,000; theatre admis-
sions, $3,988,000; automobiles and
motorcycles, s3,429 900; estates, $4,794,-
900; express taxes, $1,275, 600; taxes on
telephone and telegraph messages, ST.
3O5 5000.
Although the 8 per cent tax on pas
senger tickets brought in nearly third
more than in the month previous, in
dicating more travel, the 10 per cent tax
on Pullman seats and berths yielded
20 per cent less than in March. This
showed falling off in use of luxurious
car in travelling, owing probably tc
the curtailment by the railroad admin
istration of parlor and sleeping cal
schedules.
Theatre Revenue Dwindles
The tax collections indicated the ma
tion's theatre bill for April was nearly
/ SAC. 600 900, but this was $4.000,000 less
than in March. The sale Of playing
cards also apparently declined, for ia,
receipts from the stamps affixed to each
pack were one-sixth smaller. Stamp:
on bonds and capital stock conveyance
brought in 1882 900; on futures, 1922,
pipe lines came $324,Ooo; insurance
policies, $4s3, 900, and club dues, 1857,
600.
Since last July /, the beginning o.
the current fiscal year, principal ta'
collection statements to May l are q:
follows: Income and excess profit:
taxes, corporations, $192,S3s,ooo; indi
vidual, $101 1894 900; estates, $36,7ll.
600; freight s16,614, 900; passenger
fares, $14,932 900; theatre admissions
SIT, 1904 900; automobiles and moto1
cycles, sl5,os9,oooo; stamp taxes OF
bonds and capital stock conveyances
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
Services for Lichtenstein

Funeral services for Sol. Lichten-
stein. veteran bookmaker, who was
killed by falling or leaping from an
eighth floor window of his home, at
West End Avenue and Eighty, fourth
Street, were held yesterday in the
Campbell Funeral Church, Broadway
and Sixty-sixth Street. Among those
in attendance were E. ]. Ryan. William
A. and Allan Pinkerton. Fred WAsser-
man, F. w. Lawrence. Maxy Blumen-
thai. Supreme Court Justice Guy, A
Allen Baase, Mr.. and Mrs. G. c. Hen
shaw, Mr.. and Mrs. Nd. +. Friend
Thomas McAvoy. Billie Cowan and r
K. Bradley.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
treasurer, treasurer Fred W. Cornwall, of Wayne

r, r1.easarer, Fred W. Cornwall, of Wayne
The federation named council COM
poseu KS OF one man from from each of
Iootol M n'he judicial districts. Those Sc
Mou Mo;eo g. to-day We're: First District,
n;stu S.. s.rome, Orange County; Second
CC1s.rict' Paul C. McDermott, Columbia
county; Fifth District. Francis Han
1on; orleans County; Seventh District,
~ H. Fennell, jr., Oswego County
Nineteen Organizations Represented
Nineteen agricultural organizations
m we're represented at the meeting to- day
t,we.nty others, it. was said, were nego
.ao'hg Tor membership in ;he fedora
tion. The organizations represented
were: New York State Horticultural
society, New York State Fruit Grow
ers Association. New York State Fed
Grafton Of Poultry Associations, Hud-
son river Fruit Exchange. Farmers
Central Sales and Supply Company,
the Federation of Jewish Farmers of
america, Niagara County Farmers
Club, Long Island Farmers Club,
Seneca Grange. Dover Plains branch
OF the Dairymen's League, Ulster
County Dairymen's League, Copake
branch of Dairymen's Ieagae. and
township units from Willianstown.
Pleasant Valley, Esopus, Gcneseo'
Montgomery, Mexico and Youngsyil1e.
Representatives of the State Grange,
the Dairymen's League or the Fedora
tlon OF Farm Bureaus, whose heads re-
Gently declared there was no need of
a new agrarian organization, did not
attend. John Dillon, former Commits
sloner of Foods and Markets, said the
rank and file of these three crganza-
tions were not opposed to the fedora
ton.
"only the autocratic, sycophantic
neaos or these organizations are op-
posed to the federation, and they are
sll under the influence Of the Whitman
administration, he said.
Its Objects Set Forth
resolution setting forth the OBJ
lec's OF the federation read in part:
The federation will be non-parti-
san IN the selection of public Off
GERS. 1t will aim to elect men be-
cause OF their fitness for office and
their interests in agriculture, with
out regard to party aifiliation. 1t
VIII make special effort to elect
farmers to the legislature from agri-
cultural districts. If it fails to in
duce old party organizations to nom
mate desirable candidates, it may
name independent candidates and
conduct their campaign for election"
The resolution also provides that
sixty days before primary day the fed
GRAFTON is to invite the organ
izations represented in the fedora
ton to name their choice of candi-
dates for state Offices, and that the
candidates having the largest following
Will be indorsed as the federation's
candidates. These names will be sub
mitted to the political parties, and if
these men are not nominated. the fed
Grafton is to put up an independent
ticket.
The same procedure will be followed
with respect to the candidates for Sem
ate and Assembly.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
New York Manufacturer
Weds Greenwich, Conn.,, Girl

GREENWICH, Conn, June Miss
Margaret Groce, daughter Of Mr.. and
Mrs. John Groce, OF New YORK Csty,
wealthy New York manufacturer, by
the Rev. Frank McArson, pastor of the
FIRST Presbyterian Church. here this
morning. Following the ceremony the
couple left for New York. They will
spend their honeymoon at the Thou
sand Islands. :,
Mr.. Hayden is a son of the well
known banker and is a brother-in-law
of Stephen Bonsal, war correspondent
It is his third marriage. His BRIDE
was divorced from her first husband.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
Chas. w. Fairbanks Buried
Thousands View Remains of
Former Vice-President

INDIANAPOLIS, Ind. June T. Es-
corted by battalion of Indiana mill
tia the body of Charles W. Fairbanks,
former Vice President of the United
States, was taken from the Fairbanks
residence here and placed in the State
Capitol to-day. Thousands passed
through the corridors of the building
to view the body.
The funeral was held at the Fair
banks residence this afternoon at 8
o'clock. Bishop w. F. Mcdowell, Of
Washington, delivered the principal
address at the services. Burial was in
Crown Hill Cemetery here.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
France Tests Air Mail Routes

PARIS, June Aerial postal lines
from Paris to ST. Nazaire and from
Paris to Nice are being studied by the
postal administration, with the event
ual extension of the service to Rome
and Corsica under consideration. Two
aviators made an experimental postal
trip from Paris to London yesterday.
They used seaplanes carrying 800
Kilograms Of mail matter and the trir
to London and return was made in five
and one-half hours.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
Schoolboys' Meet To-day

Schoolboys of the elementary schools
Of the greater city are ready for the
annual outdoor track and field cham
pionships, which take place at Brook
lyn Athletic League Field this after
noon. More than 1,100 boys are en-
tered, and it can be assumed that each
athlete will run his heart out to estab-
lish records, as only new standards are
recognized when made in title meets.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-08
Miss Margaret Groves to Wed

Invitations have been issued by DR..
and Mrs. Charles A. Groves, Of East
Orange, N j., for the marriage of their
daughter, Miss Margaret Field Groves,
to Lieutenant A. c. M. Azoy, jr.. also
of East Orange, which will take place
on Wednesday afternoon in the First
Presbyterian Church. East Orange.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-13
NAVY Department
GIVEN PRAISE BY
HOUSE COMMITTEE
Investigators Under Oliver
of Alabama Find Moth
ing to Criticize in
War Conduct

Washington, March 1.-THE
direction and activities of the
navy in the war drew the high
est praise today from the
House committee which recent
ly completed an investigation
of naval affairs. The navy's
work for the IL months past,
it was declared, presents a rec
ord Of remarkable achieve
ment.
Handicapped at the start of war by
a limited personnel and material, the
navy, the report said, "was suddenly
called on to face many difficult and
untried problems, and has met the
situation with remarkable skill, in
genuity and dispatch and high de-
The investigating committe was made
up of members of the House naval az
fairs committee. - with Representative
oliver of Alabama as its chairman.
During its hearings testimony was
given by Secretary Daniels, heads OF
all of the navy offices and bureaus and
to other officials and witnesses.
in it's report the committee took oc-
casion to laud the marine corps and de-
clared there are today no better trained
or more effective fighting forces In
France. 1t recommended that the num-
Der of marines abroad be increased. de-
claring both officers and men are, thor
oughly equipped and splendidly trained.
The readiness Of the Atlantic fleet for
action at the outbreak of the war, the
report says, was due largely to the eff
cheney of the bureau Of operations under
Admiral Benson. The bureau. it Is de-
clared, has done exceptional work be-
cause of the excellency of its staff.
Another recommendation Of the COM
mittee was that the navy's great three
year building programme OF capital ships
as we'll as auxiliaries, temporarily de-
layed because of the immediate need OF
destroyers and smaller craft to fight the
submarine, be resumed and that both
scout and battle cruisers be provided,
without such cruisers. the committee
said. the dreadnaught fleet loses large
part of it's fighting potentiality.
Praising the navy's bureau OF supplies
the report said that under its chief, Rear
Admiral Samuel MCGOWAN, the bureau
has established a nationwide reputa-
ton for business efficiency" The bureau
is responsible for feeding, clothing and
paying the entire personnel of the navy.
and the report said that 10000 men and
100 ships now are just as promptly and
well provided for as 5000 men and ~
ships had been before the war.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-13

In spite of a large number of fresh vac
cinations, the amateur wrestling tour
ney at the Y. M. c. A. last night proved
anne.
In the feather weight preliminaries Con-
nors defeated Davis, only to be elimi-
mated by Toto Jaffee in the semi finals.
Mansen defeated both Sharbel and Stein
in this class, which left the champion
ship between he and Jaffee. So holly
contested was this match between Jaf-
fee and Mansen that extra time was
allowed by the officials. Toward the end
of the bout Jaffee had his man practical
ly to the floor, but the referee declared
his hold Illegal, whereupon Mansen
sprung to his feet and sugged his OPP
ponent. After some discussion the Off
Gals called the match a double foul and
a draw.
In the lightweight class HOWE and
Harrell met after disposing of their pre-
liminary opponents, Newman and Micka-
wee. Harrell threw his man in three
minutes without much difficulty.
The welter weight finals developed the
best wrestling of the evening AFTER
Fritz Jones had pinned Fuquas shoulders
to the mat and Payne Love had won
slow contest with lyme, these two went
Is minutes with honors practically even
throughout Owing to the closeness or
the match the judges had trouble IN
making a decision, but finally declared
Jones the winner on points. Love was
good loser and the two opponents went
off with arms around each other.
The only match in the middle weight
class was won by Monte Hertzfield from
70 CT
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-13
TENNESSEE RIVER
PEOPLE WANT DAM
NO. THREE STARTED
Improvement Association
Goes on Record as AdvO-
eating Urging Govern
ment to Proceed

Florence, March 12.-(Special.) -Officers
and members of the Tennessee River I'M
provement association here with visiting
Chattanooga business men declared to-
night that the association would increase
its efforts towards the building of dam
No 8 to open the Tennessee to six-foot
navigation for it's entire length.
There were 80 men in the Chattanooga
party. They came to see the work Of the
government at the nitrate plant and Wis
tied the sites Of the dam recently au-
thorized. They toured the Muscle Shoals
canal by auto, rail and steamer and to-
night were entertained at supper, fol-
lowed by reception at the Elks club.
Addressing the visitors at luncheon at
the Jefferson hotel Col. J. w. Worthing
ton stated that he would rather be in
the ranks with the Tennessee Improve
ment association than TO accept a seat
in Congress. for which position he re-
Gently has been urged by newspapers in
this district. He said that another 40-foot
dam must be built before the obstruc-
tions in the river are passed, and request
ed the Chattanoogans to redouble their
efforts to this end.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-13
Army Air Service Will
Build Depots and Shops
Near Camp Sheridan

Washington, March 1.-THE army
air service has leased about 800 acres
of land near Montgomery, upon which
it expects to erect buildings for con-
centration of material and possibly re-
pair shops.
No contracts have been let. Vt was
stated today at the war department,
and 1t has not fully been determined
exactly what use will be made of the
tract.
Montgomery, March 12-(special)
Information received in Montgomery
indicates that work will be started
at once by the government on the erec-
ton of the aviation depot and repair
station and that s1,O00,0O0 will be
spent in making Montgomery the hub
of aviation army training in the south
eastern department.
The Kohn property in West End,
which has been selected as the site
for the new station, according to dis
patches from Washington, was the site
of the first flying school in America,
having been used by Wilbur and Or
Vile Wright when they began ex-
periments with their first airplane.
The new aviation station will be
separate and apart from the one now
being erected on Taylor field at Ra-
mer. Airplanes damaged at other
training camps in the south will be
brought here for repair. Since war was
declared Montgomery has been given
Camp sheridan, a remount station, an
aviation training station and train
lns station and repair shop combined
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-13
DEATHS

Minnie WiIson-Aged rs years. died at
local infirmary yesterday. The re-
mains will be shipped to Fayette.
She is survived by her husband, N.
n. Wilson; her father, and two
brothers
s. t. Benson-Aged 60 years. died at
the residence of his son, Fred Ben
son, los Eighth street, Pratt City.
yesterday after a brief Illness. He
is survived by two sons, J. F. and
s. S. Benson, and one daughter, Miss
Fay Benson. The interment will oe
in Pratt City cemetery, the Odd Fell
lows in charge.
Mrs. l.. ID. Outraged 35 years. died
at local infirmary yesterday aft
ernoon after a short illness. The fu-
neral arrangements will be an
nounced later by Shaw.
Mrs. Nj. E. Breymen-Died suddenly at
her home at Salem. Ore, yesterday
afternoon. She is survived by three
daughters. Mrs. Frank F. Snedecor
of this city, Mrs. c. l.. McNary of
Washington. d. c., and Mrs. r. r.
Boice of Salem. Ore. and one grand
son. Breyman Boice. now with the
expeditionary forces in France. Mrs.
Breymen has made several visits to
Birmingham and had host OF
friends here.