Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-11-10


used. Each OF these Is used II spc-
cial cases, and some OF them must
not be used under certain conditions.
The most commonly used locking
device popular because Il Is simple
and cheap. is the spring lock-wash
shown In Fig. !. II IS also called a
"Spllt-Washer." This, as can be seen.
is'a split washer, made Of tempered
steel, the split ends OF which have
been bent 80 that they point in op-
posite direction.
The washer, lcttered A, Is simply
slipped over the bolt and the nut
then screwed tight. The illustration
shows the position OF the washer
when the nut is Still a little loose
Note how the bent ends a and b
rest, one against the nut and the
other against the metal OF the part
being held. when the nut is screwed
tight, these ends will dig in, 40 that
to unscrew the nut. some OF the
metal will have 10 be torn away be
fore the nut Will turn.
These lock washers are very sue
cesSful in the whole, but are not alb
solutclv reliable. II the holt is long
and subjected 10 much vibration. or
II the load on il is intermittent az a
blow, tn" bolt may stretch. and 50
the pressure OF the washer viii be
decreased and the nut may turn. It
is necessary therefore to periodically
test the nuts This type of washer
should not bo used in places where
1t cannot ho got at and tested,
Hardened steel is liable to no
brittle, and as the lock washers have
been tempered. which we might say
Is partly hardened, they are very
liable to break II subjected to a
shock. For this reason, they must
not be used on the connecting rods.
main bearings, or the important
moving parts when used on a
through bolt, one should also be put
under the bolt head Where pos
siblc tho cnstcllatcd nut explained
next should be used with tn"
through bolt.
u IL good practice 10 carry hoy
of assorted lock washers in the tool
Kit and when, on taking Off u nut
the old washer ia found to be flat,
to substitute "A new washer.
Next, after the lock washer, the
nut is locked by having slots cut IN
the top Of IT, and a small hole drilled
through the end OF the bolt. and
sticking cOttcr-pin through one
set OF the slots and the hole in the
holt. This is shown bv Fig. .. A nut
Of this type is called a castellated
nut. II Is a surcr lock than the
washer, and IS generally used on
important bolts and ones which cam
not be looked after without rcmoV-
ing other parts.
The greatest fault with the cas-
tcllatcd nut, outside OF its high cost.
is that 1t is hard often to get the
hole in the bolt and the slots In tho
nut, in line, without loosening the
latter. Changing the nuts about viii
often overcome this trouble. Here
IL Il reason why It pays, when taxi
ing off part, 10 screw the nuts
back on their bolts. a good me-
Chanic always does this, not only he
cause they will go on easier, but
tho danger ~ their becoming lost is
eliminated thereby.
When number Of cap-screws
(bOlt-threadcd screws with hexagOn
heads) are used, especially when
placed in n circle, as on the uni
vcrsal flanges, diffcrential and clutch
springs, they are held fast by drill
ing small holes through the heads Of
through the hole of one screw after
the other, as shown in Fig. 2. Leav-
ing this wire off is a mistake which
many often make.
When inserting the wire the po-
sition of the slots should be studied,
and the wire inserted through n
slot so that 1t will tend 10 tighten
the screw, and not loosen It.
When tho nut Is OF a larger dla-
meter, as the shutter tightening nut
OF the universal. or adjusting nut Of
the steering mechanism, II is Gus
tomary to split the nut and to furn-
ish II with smaller bolt so that IL
can he clamped tight on to tho
threads, after being turned up to the
proper amount This is shown In
Fig. I.
While the above are the most
used locking devices, few specially
designed ones will generally also be
found. One who understands the
above will quickly see the action Of
these special devices