davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
Essentials In Poultry.

Prime essentials In poultry houses
are fresh air, dryness, sunlight, and
space enough to keep the birds COM
Portable.
No particular style Of house is
peculiarly adapted to any section Of
this country. A house which gives
satisfaction In Maine will also give
good results in Texas or California,
but It Is preferable to build more open
and consequently less expensive
houses In the South than in the North.
The best site depends principally on
local conditions. The location should
have good water and air drainage, so
that the floor and yards will be dry.
while the house should not occupy n
low pocket or hollow In which cold air
settles.
Wherever possible a southern or
southeastern exposure should be Sc
lected, although this is not essential II
there Is any good reason for facing
the house In q different direction.
Poultry can be raised successfully
on any welI-drained soil. A light loan.
which will grow good grass. is well
adapted for this purpose; while very
light, sandy soil, through which the
water teaches freely. will stand more
intensive poultry conditions. but most
Of the green feed for the fowls kept on
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17

used, even though the number Of
horses Is somewhat reduced, the ma
chine need not be expected to have
employment for as many days annual
ly as did the horses. The horses kept
will do some Of the work, which will,
of course, decrease the amount to be
done by the tractor. A considerable
percentage of the 100 days. work done
by horses represents odd jobs for
which the tractor cannot be used to
advantage Even IL the machine were
to do all the work formerly done by
the horses, 1t would not normally be
employed 100 days per year, inasmuch
rs 1t does the work more rapidly.
It should be borne in mind, says the
bulletin, that practically all farm OPP
erations must be carried on within lin.
tied periods, and that between these
seasons there will often be no field
work which the tractor can do, either
on the home farm or for neighbors.
The fact that weather and soil condi-
tons are such as to permit field work
with q tractor does not necessarily
mean that there Is such work to be
done. Farm management plays an I'M
portant part in organizing the farm
so as to provide profitable employment
for the tractor during as many days
MS possible. Such organization In
wolves the planning Of crop rotation
which will furnish large amount OF
work which 1t can do, the elimination
Of as many horses as desirable, and
the distribution of the work over n
long period. However, the rotation
should include only such crops as can
be grown profitably In that particular
section.
The significance Of the fact that
large percentage Of the Illinois farm
ers who reported enlarged their farms
after buying tractors is readily appar-
ent when the tractors place In farm
management Is thus considered. OBJ
viously these men have learned through
experience that much more land per
man can be handled when tractor Is
used than with horses only, and that
TO get the most out Of their Invest
lnent they must farm land enough to
keep their tractors busy ut profitable
work throughout as much as possible
of the available working season.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
One of the best methods of curing
lay is to cure in the cock. This method
Is not generally practiced except In re-
gions where unfavorable weather is
the rule rather than the exception. or
when the best quality OF legume hay Is
desired. Throughout the middle West,
where hay leaders are used, hay is not
cooked because of the extra labor re-
quired and the inability to handle
cooked hay with the hay loader.
1t has been shown that 1t is neces-
sary to get rid Of the water in tie
plant evenly. On sunshiny day hay
must be raked after 1t has been in the
swath a certain length of time, or the
leaves will become dried out and lose
color. When II Is raked into the
windrow smaller proportion Of the
hay is exposed to the action of the
suns rays. After remaining in the
windrow, where further curing Is
done, the time Is reached when 1t be-
comes necessary to remove the hay In
order to retain a good color and
aroma.
Cure Hay In Cocks.
When this stage Is reached the next
thing to do is to put the hay into the
cock, where a still smaller proportion
of the hay will be exposed to the sun.
The curing process Is not stopped
when hay is cooked, but goes on less
rapidly than when in the windrow and
much more slowly than when in the
swath. The hay in the cock continues
to lose its moisture slowly until 1t Is
cured out sufficiently to be baled or
put into the stack or barn. The time
required for curing will depend upon
the moisture content when cooked, the
amount of hay put into the cock, and
also upon weather conditions.
Under ordinary conditions hay will
cure In the cock In from three days to
q week. Hay cooked too "green" will
cause heating. The larger the cock
the more danger there is of heating
when undercured hay is cooked. Hay
Is put into cocks containing from rs
to 100 pounds Of cured hay. About
100 pounds is the size most commonly
used in many sections.
Cloudy and rainy weather not only
retards curing but may cause heating
If the rain enters the cock. When
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
TRACTOR WILL LAST
ABOUT EIGHT YEARS
Outfit Enables Owners to Enlarge
Their Farm Operations.
Study Conducted by United States De-
partment Of Agriculture-Used on
Average Forty-FIve Days
Each Year.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture)
The average life of farm tractor
is from TN to 8 years, according to es-
Inmates furnished by over 600 expert
enced tractor owners on representative
corn-belt farms In Illinois. This is
brought out In study conducted In
1917 and the spring of 1913 by the
United States department Of agricul-
ture, report of which is published In
Farmers Bulletin 963. The reports Of
the tractor owners show that the out
fits are used on an average of As days
per year.
While at first glance this may APP
pear low, when 1t Is remembered that
on farms where horses do all the work
they are used on an average Of only
about 100 days annually, 1t will be seen
that where both horses and tractor are
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17

to plant small areas to Rocky Ford
seed. The result-in 1917 farmers OF
this section sold 20 cars Of cantaloupes
with gross returns of over $4,000. Re
ceipts per acre ranged from $3.50 to
$3.50.
The farmers began to appreciate the
value Of their land, started sowing
winter crops, called upon the county
agent concerning silos and began look.
ing about for cattle for their farms.
Land that had a slow sale at $50 an
acre jumped in two years to $75 an
acre. according to report to the United
States department Of agriculture. Not
least important, through the canta-
loupe enterprise the county agent
gained the confidence of the farmers
Of tie entire county in his work for
better farming.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
WHAT FARMER THINKS
OF THE COUNTY AGENT.

The states relations service Of
the United States department of
agriculture has on file thou
sands Of letters from farmers
telling Of help they have re-
ceived from county agents.
The following Is quoted from
letter written by w. II. Har-
vey, a farmer Of Long Beach,
CAL:
Farming is no longer a blum
dering job. 1t Is growing into
science. To succeed, organiza-
ton, method. system and scien-
tific knowledge are needed.
These steps are developed and
brought about or made possible
by the right kind of a county
agent. He Is, therefore,
trained, skilled man in personal
touch with the farmer to help
solve the thousand and one
farm problems as they come up
and has at his beck and call the
scientific men Of this great
country"
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
PRESERVED eggs
FOR WINTER Use
Particular Care Must Be Taken
That Those Put Away Are
Strictly Fresh.
TWO METHODS ARE OUTLINED
One Quart Of Sillcate and Nine Quarts
Of Water VIII Take Caro- Of Fiji
teen Dozen-Unslaked Limo
Also Is Favored.

Eggs preserved when they are
abundant and cheap mean a supply
next winter when they may reach ex-
tremely high prices.
Late summer Is not too early to pre-
serve eggs, but care must be taken
that they are strictly fresh.
Two4methods of preserving eggs are
recommended by specialists Of the U.
S. department of agriculture; they fol-
low:
Water Glass Method.
Use one quart of sodium silicate to
nine quarts of water that has been
boiled and cooled. Place the mixture
I'm a flve-gallon crock or jar. This will
be sufficient to preserve Is dozen eggs {;
and the quantity needed to preserve a
larger number of eggs will be In pro-
portion.
First, select a five-gallon crock and
clean 1t thoroughly, after which 1t
should be scnlded and allowed to dry.
Second, heat quantity Of water to
theNboiling point and allow It to cool.
Third, when cool. measure out nine
quarts of water, place 1t in the crock,
and add one quart Of sodium silicate,
stirring the mixture thoroughly.
Fourth, place the eggs in the solu-
ton. Be very careful to allow at least
two inches of the solution to cover the
eggs.
Fifth, place the crock containing the
In
well covered to prevent evaporation.
Waxed paper covered over and tied
around the top Of the crock will an
swer this purpose.
. Lime Method.
When water glass cannot be obtain
ed, the following method may be used
In its stead. Many consider this meth
cd entirely satisfactory, though in
stances are known In which eggs so
preserved have tasted slightly Of lime.
Dissolve two or three pounds Of I'M
slaked lime in five gallons of water
that has previously been boiled and
allowed to cool, and allow the mixture
to stand until the lime settles and the
liquid is clear. Place clean, fresh eggs
In clean earthenware jug or keg and
pour the clear lime water into the YES
sci until the eggs are covered. At least
two inches of the solution should cover
the top layer Of eggs.
Sometimes pound Of salt Is used
with the lime, but experience has
shown that in general the lime without
the salt is more satisfactory.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
Do You Breed Game Birds?

II you are breeder Of game birds
and have either birds or eggs to sell.
the biological survey Of the United
States department Of agriculture
would like to have your name. The
survey desires to be of service to many
persons who inquire for breeding
stock and for eggs to hatch.
Information. especially from breed
ers Of pheasants. is desired by the sur.
vey In answer to the following:
~ Are you still engaged in raising
Sc birds for sale7
y Have you any other game birdA
and IL so, what kinds7
(3) Have you any eggs Of game
birds for sale2
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
"SAFE FARMING" IS
FAVORED IN SOUTH

prepared by the United States De-
partment of Agricultural
How the farmers of the
Southern states are following
the "safe farming" program, ad-
vocating the production on
every farm Of the food for the
family and the feed for the live
stock. is shown by the fact that
In 1917 there was an increase In
production Of all food and feed
crops In the South except rice
and hay. A slight decrease In
rice from the 1915 production
was due principally to protract-
ed dry weather and salt water.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17

II Is Advisable to Use Hay Caps.
cooked hay shows danger of becoming
too hot 1t will be necessary to open
the cock and scatter the hay out until
1t has lost enough moisture to be re-
cooked.
Hay can be put in small cocks green
er than in large ones. Some farmers
take hay from the windrow and make
very small lunches, each containing
about three forkfuls of hay, before the
hay is in condition to be put into a
regular sized cock
How to Cock Hay.
There are two ways to make hay
cock. One is to roll up the hay in the
windrow into rather loose cock or
bunch, or to rouhN UP (cock) punches
of hay that have Been punched with n
sulky or push rake. after the hay is al
most cured. The, bulk of the hay In
this kind of cock is not handled, be-
ing left rolled up and tangled from
the action of the rake. The edges are
pulled out with pitchfork and put
on top Of the cock. Such cocks are
subject 10 considerable settling, and
flatten out and do not shed rain. This
practice is suitable for curing In good
weather, as a man can handle more
than twice as much ebay as when
cooking the other way. 1t is waste
of time, however, to cock hay In this
manner II 1t is to BE exposed to rain,
unless hay caps are used; for the rain
will wet and spoil the hay.
The best and correct way to build
cock, when working with fairly
green hay, is to take the hay, fork
full at time, and spread II out fiat.
Care should be taken to build good,
symmetrical cock, In the same manner
as stack is built. The top should
come tc "A sharp peak, and, when the
last forkful IL on the sides, should be
rnked downward5 so that the stems
will cause rain to run of and away
from the center of the cock. Cocks
built In this manner will shed consid-
erably more rain than when most cf
the hay is rolled up or punched. Well.
cooked hay covered with caps can. II
necessary. remain in the field over a
week.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
MORE CHICKENS AND EGGS.

More chickens and more eggs
will release more meat for our
armies and the allies. They
cannot get our chickens and
eggs-we can, and like to eat
them.
Poultry can be increased more
rapidly and more economically
than any Of the meat animals.
Chickens will live largely and
grow and prosper on waste that
never otherwise would be of
use, and will eat the infant
bugs, particularly orchard pests.
before they have had opportu-
nifty to do great harm.
Chickens require a minimum
Of attention. Most OF 1t can be
given by women and children.
No heavy labor Is required.
Chickens will help win the
war.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
cities Need Rat Defenses.

The city Is the great stronghold of
the rat, Its permanent refuge and Its
last line Of defense. The rodents
might be destroyed in all rural dis
tricts and villages. but If not routed
in the cities the whole country would
soon be repopulated with rats from
these centers of infestation.
Old wooden wharves, brick cellars,
extensive lumber yards, ancient facto-
ries, grain elevators, markets and
many other institutions of cities at
tract and harbor rats. As a rule the
older the city the more rats are found
in It, but even In parts rebuilt after
large fires they are still to be found.
though less abundant. Many large
buildings, rat-proof as to walls and
foundations, have become infested
with rodents through carelessness or
oversight Of owners or occupants and
the animals are intrenched behind fix
lures or merchandise. Fortunately It
is possible to rout the rats from these
hiding places.
The biological survey Of the u. s.
department Of agriculture recon-
mends that cities require that all
buildings to be erected shall be made
rat-proof under rigid system Of in
spection; that all existing buildings
with rat-proof walls and foundations
be made really rat-proof by closing or
screening every opening through which
rats might enter; that rat-proofing re-
pairs be applied voluntarily to all
buildings that need them. Use of dogs,
cats and traps also may bring benefit.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
Keep the Garden ooIno.

Don't let the garden loaf after the
crops planted in the spring have been
gathered. Plant new crops for fall
harvesting and get the maximum bene-
al from your food plot.
In most sections of the United
States nearly. all the common garden
vegetables can be planted early in Au-
gust with plenty of time for their
maturity before the first killing frost
In the autumn. As late garden crops
which may follow others the following
are suggested:
Beets, Brussels sprouts. late cab
bage, cauliiower. celery. sweet corn.
kale. peas, spinach and turnips.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
Varieties Of ouIneas.

Domesticated guinea fowls are Of
three varieties, Pearl White and Law
ender, Of which the Pearl Is by far
the most popular.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
separate MIX at onee.

Separate the milk as soon az you
have finished milking and you WIN
have good quality Of skim milk for
the calves
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
No MIX There.

You can't squeeze blood out Of a
turnip-nor profitable amount Of
milk out of COW that hasn't got 1t
In her.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17

After cleaning up the poultry hopssA
Il IL wen to whitewash them. sspeclals
u the inside walls. \.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-08-17
CURING HAY CROP
IN COCK IS BEST
Method Now Generally Practlced
Where Best Quality Of
Legume Is Desired.
EXTRA LABOR IS REQUIRED
found Necessary to Get Rid Of Water
In Plant EvenIy-correct Way to
Build Cock When Working
With Green Hay.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-07
DISTRICTS IN
STATE SHOW
COP. SWEEP
Congressional and Indiana
Assembly Candidates Get
Margin With G. 0. P,
is Latest Report.

INDIANAPOLIS. Ind, Nov. s.
With complete returns in from two
thirds Of the precincts in Indiana.
the republicans maintain a lead
which If continued until the S.142
precincts have reported, means
majority for Roach, for secretary Of
state, over Confer, the democratic
candidate. OF 45,130. There had
been no development TO indicate any
modification Of the prospect for q
complete republican sweep Of the
congressional delegation, although
apparently the races in the third
and fourth districts are not TO be
definitely settled until the last figure
has been tabulated. The reports
from the legislative districts make
certain that the republicans will
control both branches Of the Indiana
general assembly by safe majorities.
Apparently not all of the limited
number of ballots issued TO soldiers
absent from their voting places,
were regarded as Of sufficient i'm
portance by the men in uniform, to
warrant their attention. Reports
indicate that probably not more
than two-thirds Of the soldiers who
qualified took advantage of the legal
right provided for them, at consider
able expense and effort on the part
OF the commonwealth. II is regard
ed as highly improbable that the re-
turns from the soldiers VIII influence
IL. r-r=e,
sional districts
Totals for 2.193 precincts on the
head Of the state tickets are as fol-
lows:
Confer (democrat) 179.7 .7S9; Roach
(repubhcan) 212.2S1; Grisco (prohi-
bitionl 3617. Kelly (socialst) 1852.
Congressional List.
Indiana congressional table:
First district - Precincts heard
from. 179 out Of 1S1, give Luhring
republican, 20,19S: Denton demo
craft 1882.
Second district - Precincts heard
from. 257 out OF 27S, give Bland
republican, 22.5SO; Bays (demo-
crat) 1852.
Third district-Precincts heard
from. 25S out of 2S3. give Dunbar
republican, 1920; Cox Cdemocraty
1850
Fourth district - Precincts heard
from, 282 out OF 252, give Benham
republican, 1911; Dixon (demo-
crat 1S,429.
Fifth district - Precincts heard
from. 145 out Of 21S. give Sanders
republican, 1854; Moss (demo-
craft 12.1S4.
Sixth district - Complete. Elliott
republican, 21,171; Strickland,
ldemocrat) 17.z95-
Seventh district-Precincts heard
from. 157 out Of 163, give Moores
republican, 2S.6O7; Schlosser Cdem-
ocraD 1881.
Eighth district - Precincts heard
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-07

HonslN Service:
NEW YORK. Nov. 7.-The world war came to an end
today.
According to reports received in this country at
the German amiStice ENJOYS have accepted all of the
terms laid down by Marshal Foch the chief representa-
tive of the allies.
The four German delegates, two representing the army
and two the navy, crossed the German frontier early to-
day. passing along the La CappelleGuise road to spot
designated by Marshal Foch in wireeSsed instructions to
the German army command.
No time lost in preimnaries evidently. All indi-
cations that the Germans accepted the truce PROPOSE
tiOnS as soon as they were presented.
The terms have not yet been made public but it is
known that they drastic. Gemanys teeth are en-
tirely drawn by the conditions imposed
Presumably the allies followed the same principle as in
thte case of Turkey, Bulgaria and Austria
According to the best information Germany must eva.
cuate all occupied territory must surrender the majority
of her guns and the greater part of the fleet The army will
be demObized with only enough soldiers left for POI
lice duty Strategic points the FrancO-Geman frontier
and the coast will be occupied
Allied troops will 60 into Germany that the terms
are carried out to the letter 1t probable that the Ger
mans will have to give up AlSace and Lorraine.
The armiSice deals purely with military and naval mat
terS and has nothing to do with possible peace terms
expected that hOSites would cease at once per-
hapS today
The next step is the selection of pace for the peace
conference the interchange of ideas among the allied cap
italS and the selection of peace representatives.
Germany was the last of the four powers in the Ger
alliance to collapse and her downfall fastened by
serious revolutionary outbreaks.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-07

miles were gained by the Yankees
yesterday and hundreds Of prison
ers were captured. Fffty-one guns
We're taken.
Eight towns have been captured
between the Arsoune and the Meusc
as we'll as three forests and several
fortified heights.
Five hundred French civi ians
were liberated az Beaumont
Lieut. William W. Dawson of
Cleveland. O.. a lawyer and grad
uate OF the Ohio Wesleyan univer-
sity. captured i've German prisoners
without airing a shot This exploit
WAS achieved norJn o1 Bayenvule in
the Argonne fighting.
Dawson. who is 20 years old was
acting as an observer in an infan-
Try school When an order was
given 10 charge the Ohioan insisted
upon going with the troops. He was
armed only with an automatic pistol
and advanced with the infantry un-
der hot fire from German machine
guns and artillery.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-07
AMERICAN DRIVE IS
Likely TO PUSH HUN
BACK TO THE RHINE
BY NEWTON c. PARKE.

PARIS Nov 7-Developmen today make it appear unlikely
that the Germans viii attempt any serious stand the MeuSe
river Apparently they must eyacuae French and Belgian terri
ani the Rhine
The Americans already have turned the Meuse line and
unung their advance securing bdgeheads and menacng the
boCheS Longon and Nonmedy In the meanwhile the allies
driving nOrthwari
Chers the Echo De Paris again points out that the
attacking dangerous the enemy
and most fruitful i'm results for the Yankees.
Hutn SAYS that MezereS formerly the of German
great headquarters will probably he before the German pen
rOfe home
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-07

from, 134 out OF 26s, give Vestal
republican, 12,762; Eichhorn (dem-
ocrat) 10.9O4.
Ninth district-Precincts heard
from. 19S out OF 22S. give Purnell
republican, 23,624; Howard (dem-
ocrat) 17.6O4
Tenth district-Precincts heard
from. 175 out Of 255. give Wood
republican, 1925; Hershman
(democrat) 1888.
Eleventh district-Precincts heard
from. 141 out OF 27O. give Kraus
republican, 1904; Rausch (demo-
crat) 10.575.
Twelfth district-Precincts heard
from. 149 out OF 2O2, give Fairgeld
republican, 1879; Hilgeman
(democrat) 1921.
Thirteenth district - Precincts
heard from, 135 out Of 2s3. give
Hickey republican, 1850. Barn
hart (democraD I5,2S2
CONTINUED ON PAGE THREE.)