davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-05

But upon the suppOSitlOn that
we have made Of the average dis
lance between the particles in the
comets tail, the amount of light re-
fected by the aggregation. when so
distant that they seem to blend to-
gether. would really be greater
than the above calculation indi-
Gates. for the particles are not dis
tributed i'm single plane: on the
contrary there is depth as we'll as
length and breadth TO be consid-
cred. If we take a section OF the
tail 100. 600 miles each way. meas
ured in three dimensions. then the
total number Of PARTICLES. each sur
rounded by space of one cubic
mile. would be no less than a thou
sand millions of millions.
Many Of these would bc concealed
behind others, but many would
also lie I'm line with the interstices
i'm the foreranks. and thus the ap-
parent density would be increased
and with il the brightness.
Let MS suppose the tail of Hal
leys comet 90 have been 25.000.0OO
miles Ions. and allowing for the
narrowness near the head and the
gradual spreading out i'm the more
distant parts. To have had an aver
age diameter of 10000 miles. Then.
assigning one particle 60 each cubic
mile there would be a total Of
more than eight quadrillion par
ticles I'm the whole tail
Now. condense the tail down 10
the dimensions of single cubic
mile The eight quadrilliou par
ticles crowded into q cubic mile
Will be az an averag &c distance apart
Of about one-Jhird of an inch. Final
iy compress the cubic mile into the
space OF a cubic foot. The eight
Quadrillion particles in cubic
foot will still be about 1-16.OOOth OF
an inch apart. At first sight this
looks Ike a great density. but that
IL Is not so becomes evident when
we remember that there are prob
ably as many as forty quadrillion
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-05
|DoWHAT THESE "a
10 DOCTORS TELLYOUI
Sworn Statement of The Composition of The Formula of
Nuxated Iron.

Dae Health Laboratories. Paris. Lon
don and Detroit, T. ). A.. as this is the
only genuine article. II YOU have taken
other forms OF iron without success,
this not prove NGxated iron will not
help you. We guarantee satisfaction 10
every purchaser or your money will be
rnfnnGnI
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-05
The Wonders of a Comets Tail
BY GARRETT p. sERvIss.

"I have been reading about Hal
ley's comet and its enormous size,
yet the writer says the substance
Of the comets tail could be con-
tanned in an ordinary suitcase. But
if cometary. substance is so rare as
an that what renders the tail visible
at so great a distance. w. j.,
jr."
To clear up the paradox imagine
the particles, or molecules, Of the
comets tail 10 be so widely distrib-
uted that each is I'm the midst Of a
free space Of one cubic mile. Then.
considering only the surface, or a
thin plane parallel to the surface,
there would be 10000 particles in
an area measuring 100 miles on a
side; or 10000. 900, 600 in an area
100000 miles on a side.
This last named area. if situated
at a distance Of about 1000. 900
miles, would cover a space on the
sky roughly equal TO that occupied
by the full moon. No, 10000. O00,-
600 particles distributed over the
apparent area of the fun moon
would be so crowded that the eye
would not be sensible Of the an
gular distance between them. which
would be only about one-fftieth of
q second of arc.
Separately they would be in
visible because of their minuteness,
but when seen in apparent contact
they would reflect the sunlight like
a body OF mist. The principle is
the same as that which renders a
slight fog or smoke invisible to
those who are in the midst of it.
when viewed from a con-
siderable distance (Which has the
effect of massing the particles to-
gether) il may appear very dis
tinCt.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-05

Don't say you saw II IN the
newspaper. Say News-TimeS
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-05-05

Pull lever down over 2T-B, ]. B.
Witwer for township trustee. ADV.
1855
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Kaiser, Woe-Begone,
Yields to Poles

PARIS, Oct. 18.--Prince Eadziwll
and Count Roniker, the Polish dele
gates who went to the German En-.
peror's headquarters last August tc
present to hin, Poland's claims. were
much struck by the monarch's dcpres-
sion and Indifference, says "The
Matin."
mot only did he agree to the crea
tion OF an integral and independent
Poland, "The Matin" continues, "but
he let pass without protests illusions
to Poscn and acquiesced when the dele
gates spoke to him regarding a sea
outlet for Poland at the expense of
East Prussia.
"As for the Crown Prince, he con-
fined himself to snickering and slap
ping the delegates on the back, giving
them the impression that he was a
most unintelligent man, General Lu.
dendorff was the only person who ap.
peared to realize the situation, but did
not dare to contradict the Emperor.
He relieved himself by grunting fu-
riously.
Emperor William consented readily
TO demands, the newspaper adds,
which ought to have appeared very ex-
ceseive to him,
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Throng, in Tears,
CreetsT altered
Flag From Front
Rolling Forward, They Cares.
Emblem That First Crossed
German Lines

A timid young officer with tattercd
thing in his hands mounted the Liberty
Theatre platform yesterday afternoon,
and while he stood there. cheeks burn
ing with embarrassed red and eyes
looking straight down his nose, crowd
that the moment before had gaped and
grinned and jostled, after one slow
stare with sudden passion stormed
toward him.
They rolled forward in tumult o3
noise, men and women with welcome
in their voices and tears in their eyes,
not Fifth Avenue sightseers cheering
q show, but a people greeting their
| own hero. Then girl reached out and
over the crowd, caught hold Of the tat
tered thing, held it hard, and with
swimming eyes raised it to her lips
The voices stopped, and tho air wae
silent as prayer.
The first American flag to fly over
| the German lines, in the hands of the
aviator who carried it there, had come
back to New York to be baptized with
the tears and kisses of motley New
York throng.
Those hundreds sought to grasp the
precious stripes of red and white and
TO shake the hand of Captain Frederick
Libby. This torn old thing, amid all
the bright flags of Fifth Avenue, was
a holy banner, and SO the procession
passed along, touching its rags q:
though performing sacrament.
Some touched it lightly, some shooA
it as If it were a paw, the womer
kissed it, the soldiers saluted it, while
Captain Libby still tried to hide be-
hind it with the shame that every rea
hero seems to have for his own valor.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
so American
PLANES Bomb
German Posts
Ten Enemy Machines Sen,
Down by Squadrons of
Yankee Fliers

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY
NORTHWEST OF VERDUN. Oct. 1s
(By The Associated Press) f8 y. ~. }.
More than sixty American day bomb
lng aviators to-day attacked Bsyop-
vile, Buzancy and other towns north
OF the American line at Grandpre EB-
cortlng planes downed ten German ma
chimes.
This is said to have been the largest
enterprise yet carried out by an all
American flying force.
More than four tons of bombs were
dropped by the American aviators, the
bombers paying particular attention 70
Bayonville, where concentration OF
German troops had been reported. Bu-
zacy received its share, owing to its i'm
portance as railway town and the sup
ply depots there. In the region of Bay
onyllle twenty Fokkers attempted to
drive off the Americans, who kept the
upper hand everywhere.
The Americans also bombed Remon-
VILE, Brlquenay, Nerpel, Clery-le-
Grand, Aincreville enl Imecourt, each
Of these towns being either German
supply point or an army unit head
quarters. Different observers reported
explosions.
In the region Of Buzancy sixteen
Fokkers endeavored to head off the
Americans, but scouts drove them OF
In the region of Verpcl nervy Boche
Gingle-handed attempted to attack the
bombers but was quickly downed.
AT various points German airmen
attempted to hinder the Americans.
At least ten of them were sent down.
two behind the American lines. Sew
eral American pursuit planes escort
ing the bcmbing machines blocked
one German from returning to his own
lines. One of the American aviators
sent German down near Bayonville.
The expedition consisted of four
squadrons of bombers; two squardrons
OF pursuit planes, which attacked
German infantry; two squadrons of
ScouAe, hyihR al an altitude OF 1000
metres to protect the bombers; two
squadrons of scouts flying at from 1000
20 5000 metres, and three squadrons
flying at $500 metres to protect the
bombers. The bombing machines flew
at 1000 metres.
One American plane, damaged, land
ed north of Brieulles. The aviator was
injured, but American infantry rescued
him despite German machine gun fire.
Another American machine missing
is believed TO have landed within the
American lines.
The scouting machines we're at the
Fokkers and shooting as soon as thev
hove in sight.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
British Line Pushed S
Miles East of Douai
as Huns Continue
Netreat - !
On
French Gain ;
Miles on the Disc
Haig Captures 1000
Germans East of Cam.
brai; Yanks Take
1000 in Argonne
October ~, ESQ q. Nj,

October ~, ESQ q. Nj.
The Belgian coast has been entirely
cleared of the enemy.
Allied troops, pushing rapidly east.
ward, have occupied Zeebrugra
and Bruges, and King Albert's
forces have broken the German
grip on the North Sea. The foe
continues his wide retreat along
the whole northern line.
The French have taken Thielt and
advanced beyond the town more
than mile toward the famous city
of Ghent.
On the right of the Flanders front,
British forces have taken the i'm.
portant manufacturing cities Of
Iourcoing and Roubaix, northeast
of Lille, and pushed further east.
Cavalry units are pursuing the
enemy in attempts to entrap parts
Of his disordered army.
Heavy fighting southeast Of CAM
brai followed the new Anglo-Amer.
lean thrust, in cooperation with
French forces on the right. Tn.
der terrific pressure the enemy in
this area has begun new retire.
ment and is retreating rapidly.
German rearguards arc doggedly
resisting the steady Allied ad.
vance. The Allies are five. miles
east of Douai.
Four thousand prisoners and many
guns were taken early in Haie's
thrust, the British War Office an.
nounced yesterday.
East of st. Quentin the French
stormed forward three miies
along the Oise. Andigny Wood,
sixteen villages and more than
1900 prisoners were captured.
On the Champagne front the Amers.
cans and French have strugrle.x
forward slowly despite the foes
counter attacks. In sharp fight
ing the French have thrown fresh
forces across the Aisne on a
three-milc front, near Vouziers.
and strengthened their grip on
the west end of the Kriemhilds
line at Grandpre. Several hun.
dred prisoners were taken.
In surprise attack west of the
Meuse Pershing's men advanced
nearly mile beyond Romagnc
and captured the village Of
bantheTlie without artillery
preparation. One thousand ad.
dltional prisoners have been taken
by the Americans in their steady
progress across the German posi-
tlons north Of the Argonne.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Unofficial Estimates Place
Nation Total to Date
at $5,OOO,00O.00O
$675,655.25O More
Required of New York
Second Districts Subscrip
ton in Day Is Reported
at $l76, ,342, 200

The subscription books for the fourth
Liberty Loan close tonight at mid
night.
To attain the $4,000, 100000 quota the
people will have to perform to-day one
ot the greatest financial achievements
n the history Of the world, and Treas
ury officials expressed confidence last
night that Americas fourth war credit
would be oversubscribed.
Although unofficial estimates indicat-
cd that the food Of late subscriptions
had brought the national total close to
S5,o0e,000,00o, the newest official fg-
ures, which cover the first seventeen
days of the nineteen-day drive, showed
that s3,96s,5s9, 500 had been raised.
I his total included gain Of 1851 1,000,-
of the push" which is the largest get
tabulated.
Vigorous Final Drive Urged
On the eve of the final squirt, which
IS expected to carry the nation glori.
cusly beyond the minimum sought, the
national loan headquarters issued this
statement:
"There must not be the slightest
Giminution of effort tomorrow. Tc
san the desired goal means the most
rigorous selling from sunrise until as
ate at night as there is any one left
10 buy"
In commenting on the effect Of Span
ish influenza on the drive, the skate.
ment added:
The work done in the New England
district stands out as an object lesson
for every Liberty Loan Committee in
he country. In face Of the most
tremendous odds occasioned by pre-
saence Of Spanish influenza, the dis
trict kept plugging ahead until to.
aight it has officially IS per cent OF
rs quota"
New York Needs 367s,655,2so
The New York District, according to
ihe figures announced last night, lent
31,124,344,750 in the first seventeen
days. leaving s675,655,250 TO be alb.
sorbed by yesterdays and to-day's sub
scriptions. The increase here or
Thursday, sl76,342, 200, was tho larges,
yet recorded in this campaign. In the
second Liberty Loan campaign, $780,
6s9,6o0 was raised in this district in
the last two days; and in the third
loan s341, $4,000.
St. Louis, which has led the other
Federal Reserve Districts throughout
the campaign, yesterday was officially
credited with having reached its quota.
The standing Of the various districts
follow:
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Hindenburg and Military
Leaders Arrive to Help
Draft Reply
Austria Is Cut
Up Into States
Germans Begin to Evacuate
Serbia, in Accord With
Presidents Demand

Amsterdam reports that the German
reply to President Wilson will
probably be dispatched Saturday
afternoon.
Won Hindenburg and other German
military leaders have arrived in
Berlin to aid in drafting the Ger
man answer to the President. A
five-hour session was held yester-
day in deliberation on the note.
Objections to the tone of the Presi.
dents note are made by Berlin
newspapers. The Reichstag likely
will not meet before the German
note is forwarded.
The Austrian Emperor has issued q
decree making the various racial
sections Of the Dual Monarchy
autonomous states.
Austrian armies, pursued by Allied
forces, are evacuating the invaded
areas of Serbia, Montenegro and
Albania, "in pursuance of Presi-
dent Wilson's demands"
Tumultuous scenes have marked
Parliamentary sessions in the
Hungarian capital. Count Michael
Karolyi, opposition leader, at
tackled sharply the monarchy S
foreign policy at committee sit
ting, demanding absolute auton-
omy for Hungary. Demands for
peace mixed with charges of trea-
son were made in the meeting Of
the Hungarian Diet Thursday.
Demonstrations by independent SO.
cialists, who sang the "Marscil
laise" in Inter den Linden, il
Berlin, resulted in clash with
the police defending the imperial
palace.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Germany's Reply
Will Object to
Presidents Tone

BERNE, Oct. 17.--President Wilson's
reply to the German note has created
q new state Of affairs in diplomatic
discussions relative to peace, it is re-
ported here from German sources, and
the German reply, it is said, will make
it clearly understood that the tone
employed by the President was open to
objections.
There have been passionate discus
sions of the Presidents reply at meet
ings of all the groups Of the Rcichstag,
but no line Of policy has been de-
termined, although there have been
prolonged deliberations on the subject
The presence of Field Marshal Won
Hindenburg in Berlin is believed to
foreshadow the drafting of the German
reply to Mr.. Wilson. Under the cir
cumstances, it is uncertain whether
tho Reichstag will meet tomorrow.
In any case there will be no plenary
meeting OF the Parliament before the
reply is forwarded. Then there will
be full dress debate, in which the
Socialists, notably Friedrich Ebert,
vice president of the Social Democratic
party, and Gustav Noske, Socialist
member Of the Rechstag, will take
part.
BASEL, Get. 1S.--Thcre were govern
ment oenierences in Berlin yesterday
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Allies Drive Reds
Across Finn Border

LONDON, Oct. 1S.-Allied forces
have occupied the town of Kadish. in
the Province of Archangel. while other
troops have cleared central and south
ern Karelia of the foe, accord
ing TO an official statement tonight on
operations in North Russia.
The text Of the statement says:
"On the Murmansk front A,r;od
forces operating from Ken, ON .ho
"h''e Sea 800 miles south OF Muir
mansk' have now cleared central ana
Sou'hern harelia, and the ene,nv b.s
eeen driven beck acloss tar Finr;s,
border. A large quantity 0. mr..
ammunition and material has ''.r.' 80
e.aaptured, including twentv-eir5t ~. zen
'hree machine guns and 500 riflcs."
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
y. S. Transport
Escapes U-Boat
After Hard Fight
Amphion Reaches Home Port
With Eight Wounded in
Running Battle

AN ATLANTIC PORT, Oct. 1S.-The
homcward bound army transport Am
phion had two hours running fight
with German submarine 500 miles
off the Atlantic Coast Saturday morn
ing, in which eight men on the Ameri-
can ship were wounded, two fatally
The transport arrived here to-day
and reported that so far as those
aboard could determine The submarine
was not badly damaged, is ut all.
The first shots carried away the
Amphion's wireless and she was un-
able to call for help. The naval gun
crews replied to the enemy shots and
the transport crowded on all steam.
finally drawing away from the sub
marine. The Transports superstruct-
urc was riddlcd with shells and shrap-
mol
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Billion Needed TODAY
1oPut Loan Over Top
Let Six Billion
Voices Ans,uer j.!

Ire Kaiser to his Armay of the Ecs1
December, 1917
p EMEMBER that you are The
AA chosen people!
The spirit OF the Lord is descend
ed upon me because l am the EN-
peror Of the Germans!
/ am the instrument Of the Al
mighty! l am His sword, His repre-
sentative!
Disaster and death to all those who
resist my will
Disaster and death TO all those who
resist my mission!
Disaster and death to cowardsi
May all the enemies Of the German
people perish!
God orders their destruction and
God commands you through my
mouth 70 do His will.
WILLIAM II.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Liberty Loan Prospectus
ATRoCrTY XXI

oass the Germans peaceful occupation Of 1ouva,n
NO houses were burned killed On Au,s+ OK ,oA 49,
army was rpused by the Bgans back upon Iouva,n
Inc IS irresistible says the report (Page 2s) chat the
army as whole wreaked its
buildings the city setback which the Belgian
inflicted upon them." ~ ~ 0 0e's'"n arms
The massacre continued days. University the Library
the eurch OF St Peter Of houses were hnrn.
eop MD cellars; the down through the
nss Some citizens shot opening doors to look ot
they red over roofs and walls orders ur
TOR every one to leave the utterly demolished ~
SANDS eans heded together then tho
vas changed and they marched group Of 600 r
women ana chlidren
Vn woman went mad some children died. born
Enough innocent blood spilled ouvan nn
whole of the fourth Liberty Loan issue ~ " e"'
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Small Buyers Aid Needed

In order to wipe out the large deficit.
IN most of the districts it will be neces.
sary for the small buyers in over.
whelmingly large numbers to rally tc
she support of the Treasury, loan off.
cials pointed out. Tho fate Of the
country, it was said, depends largely
on the $50 buyers.
According to the statistics announce
ast night the New York district has
tlled only GA per cent Of its quota,
compared with 8l.S per cent in the
corresponding period of the third loan,
Queens County yesterday won't over the
top. being the first part of New York
City to DO so. Its quota is s9,434,7 200
Nassau County also passed it's quota.
and Suffolk County vergcd on its quota
mark.
fDetotls Of the Loan Drive on Pcgs
eighty
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
10000 Huns
Fail to Stop
Yank Fighters
Teutons' Resistance Fiercer
in Argonne Than Else
where Along Line
By Wilbur Forrest
Especial Cable to The Tribunc>


Copyright 1918. Nov York Tribune Inc>
WITH THE AMERICAN Army IN
THE FIELD, Oct. t2.-While the Ger
mans seem to be ceding ground else
where between Verdun and the Chan
mel they constantly arc intensifying
their Resistance to the Americans
from the Argonnc to the Meuae. There
is positive proof to-day that during
the last three weeks the GermauS have
used approximately 10000 dghting
men, with enormous losses, againsI
Americas First Army alone.
Despite this the First Army has
forged steadily forward against con-
T1,,ts,,AoJ o-i .,o1-f ,,,,-,r
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Interned Huns Buy Bonds

AVER, Mass, Oct. 1S.--O One hundred
German sailors interncd at Camp Dew
ems for the duration of tho ar, sub
scribed $500 TO the Fourth Liberty
Loan to-day,
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Czechs Revolt, Seize Prague;
Allies Occupy Zeebrugge;
Belgians Advance on Ghent
"Marseillaise" Sung
In Inter den Linden
(By The Associated Press

tBy TIC A8S0ctdtsG PTG6Sy
\ AMSTERDAM, Oct. 1a. a
~ demonstration by the Ger
man Independent Socialists in
Inter den Linden, Berlin, to-day
is reported by the Cologne
Volks-Zeitung." The crowd sang
the "Marseillaise."
The police, adds the newspaper,
prevented the demonstrators
from reaching the imperial pal
ace. There was a clash, in which
some of the crowd were slightly
injured by the police sabrcs.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
7eutonic Troops Ordered From
Serbia, Albania and MONTENEGRO

LONDON, Oct. 18--The the terrtorv of
Serbia Albania and Montenegro by the the Central
fowers has been begun according to dispatch Vienna
forwarded by the American News
Agency
The Allied troops Serbia successfully their ad
vance northward from Nh statement from the Serbian
War Office have captured Krucbe
vatz, thirty miles northwest
SALONICA, Oct 17-Greek troops TODAY con,neteS +te
reoccupaon of the Macedonia which have
been held by the Bulgarans and Turks
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
Amsterdam Hears
Reply to Wilson
Will Be Sent To-da,

AMSTERDAM, Oct. 1S.-The German
reply to President Wilson probably will
be dispatched Saturday afternoon. ac-
cording to advices received here
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19

Prague, the capital Of the Austrian
crown1and of Bohemia, is the third city
of Austria Hungary. With D population
of 100000, situated on the MoIdau
River, 100 miles northwest OF Vienna.
1t is the centre Of Czech culture and
the economic centre of the province Of
Bohemia.
The fame Of Prague as an cduca-
tionai centre dates from the Middle
Ages. The struggle between the Ger
man and Czech elements in the city
during the last half of the nineteenth
century brought a revival of national
feeling among the Czechs and stimu-
lated the intellectual life of the people.
Under this new influence Prague be-
49,
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
King and Queen
Enter Bruges as
Zeebrugge Falls

PARIS. Oct. IS by The Associated
fress king Albert and Queen Eliza
beth Of Belgium entered B Bruees :. "a
o'eeock this morning.
LONDON. Oct. IS (By The Associas-
ca fress ).-Zeebrugge, the port o.
8EnSes and sAs sacand important Ger.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
National Flag Raised Over
Government Castle
by Patriots
New Currency Put
Into Circulation
Revolution Begun on Day
Declaration of Indepen-
dence Is Proclaimed

COPENHAGEN, Oct. 1s.-The
Czechs are masters in Prague, ac-
cording to g. Berlin dispatch to the
'Berlingske Tidende." Czech money
is in circulation and the Czech flag
waves over Hradschin Castle.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19
W EAT H E r

Fair and continued cool to-day and to.
morrow; fresh northeast winds.
Full Report on Page 10
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19

BASEL, Oct. lS.-Thcre were govern
ment conferences in Berlin yesterda
New-York tribune., 1918-10-19

Continued OIL neat pogc