davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06

Roger, sometimes called Roger ot
Parma, and sometimes Roger of Saler,
no, and he is the first Independent
writer on medicine in the Occident 4
ter the Arabian times. He lived a
the end Of the twelfth and the begin.
ning of the thirteenth centuries. and
probably wrote his practice Chirur.
Eiae' about the beginning of the
thirteenth century.
Roger has a description Of inda.
nation Of the tonsils with its treat.
ment that is very interesting. He call.
these organs branchi or branci, and
says that they swell interiorly and
create, as it We're, two almond-like
bodies in the throat. AS a CONSEQUENCE
OF this swelling, eXpectoration is diff
'icult and breathing is conducted with
anxiety. For this gargling should
lirst be used. and if the patient is not
relieved, recourse should be had TO
surgery.
Then he described how an opcra-
ton should be done on them: place
the patient first. before you and press
his tongue down in his open mouth
with an instrument so that YOU can
see the tonsils well. Take hold of them
with a bronze or iron hook and incise
them with properly sharpened in
strument. Leave the coverings which
stand next to them uninjured, how
ever.'
This is, of course, Il description
only of single opening of a tonsl or
abscess. When the inflammation o.
the tonsils has proceeded so far.
however, that simple incision will not
cure them, then he suggests that
with instruments made for this pur-
pose they should be completely re-
moved. His Latin words for this
ct a radice funditus evelantur-
which may be translated literally
plucked away entirely by the roots
probably gave the hint for our use of
the expression under similar circum-
operation.
"Manifestly there were number Of
special instruments for work in the
throat in Rogers time and so we are
not surprised to have a little further
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
IoNSILS CUT OUT IN 18TH CEN.
TCRY.
operation Now Common Performed nv
Surgeons OF Long Ago.

MOI only did people have tonsils IN
the tWeHth ana thirteenth centuries
but the popular game of tonsilectomo
or removing the tonsils had been dis.
covered by surgeons of the time who
had devised the necessary instruments
according to DR.. James j. Walsh. who
spoke at the New York Academy of
Medicines last session, says a New
York special to The Philadelphia Pub
ilc Ledger. Doctor Walsh also said
that high degree of skill had been
acquired by women physicians at Sal
erno some 700 years ago, women be
ing admitted as students as a matter
or course. and the department of wo-
mems diseases being in charge of
women. Doctor Walsh said:
The Middle Ages would probably
De almost the last place in history
"here most people would expect to
ma any particular development of the
SPNSioAtiSS. Inc treatment,
however. of the nose and throat and
OF the eyes received a good deal of at
tention at this time, and we have doc
umentary evidence of what was ac-
complished.
The first modern n,edical school
was established at Salerno, not very
far from Naples, in connection with
the health resort which had been es
'"ohshed there, and attracted patients
ana physicians not only from south
ern italy and from Greece. but also
'ro''i the Near East, from North
america and from the west of Eu-
rope. We know that a son of William,
'he Cohqueror went down there to be
cured or an ailment in the eleventh
century and that many bishops and
other churchmen went there i'm the
twelfth century.
Wpth that in mind, it would not
be surprising to find that even the sur
gical specialities were developed there
The fist great writer on surgery was
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06

a lady called at local Food Admin
istrator's headquarters yesterday and
asked why the local merchants do not
Keep wheat flour substitutes on hand
TO accommodate their customers. in
"Smuch as the government requires
'hat one pound OF wheat flour substi-
'utcs De purchased with every pound
OF wheat flour.
one said that people get tired Of
e"''hs corn meal az substitute, and
'""nS"aht u try SOY bean flour. po-
tatO flour. or other substitutes
Thc merchants should look over the
hSt OF substitutes and order limited
Quantities OF same In order To in
crease the demand. and advertise
mat they haze the substitutes. II he
gins to look like substitute bread for
many more months to come. and the
merchants might just as well make up
their minds to get ready for the new
order OF things.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
WIRELESS TO ARMY.
Radio Communication Will he Pos.
able as Soon as station is Complet.
ed In France.

Washington. Feb. 2.-Direct COM
munication between Washington and
American headquarters i'm France will
De made possible this year with the
completion of the $2,25O,O0O radio
station now being built i'm France by
the navy department, which has
charge of all radio communication. At
the close of the war the station will
he taken over by the French govern
ment.
Available French stations are not
or suifcient power for transatlantic
communication, at least on the scale
desired by the United States AS re-
suit the cables have been crowded
with government messages to and
fro. 1t is anticipated that the new
station will be finished in August.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
ALLIES ARE STRONG.
Secretary Baker Says They Have
Most Men on Western Front.


Washington, Feb. 4.-Secretary of
War Bakers weekly war review is
sued today makes official announce
ment that American troops are at
last occupying a portion of the act
ual battle front. For the first time
also Secretary Baker declares that it
is fully believed the allies have a pre-
ponderance of men i'm action on the
western front. despite the fact that
the German line has been strengthen-
ed by troops from the Russian front.
He warns the nation not to let reports
OF strikes and other internal disturb
ances I'm Germany sacken it's war
preparations.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06

vouR Anderson 'sRefoxm'' Iagislat0re
Dcncunce Ex-senator.

Columbia. Feb. 2.-Four members
OF the Anderson delegation i'm the
general assembly-W. w. Scott, IL.
Kelly. Asa Hall. Jr.. and III. Clinton
Summers. Jr.-today handed the cor
respondent OF The News and Courier
the following letter addressed to John
L. McIaurin. OF Bennettsville. with
the request that 1t be published in
Ths sunday News. w. j. G.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
fESth.CTh'N ~ GERMANY
SOON

Minister Returning From Germany
Sees Finish of HOhcnzOllcrns If
Peace Fails i'm 1918.
An Atlantic Port, Feb. 2.-Opinion
that unless the war ends within the
year 1918 there will be a revolution
which will overthrow the Hchenzol-
lerns in Germany. was expressed by
the Rev. Aloysius Daniels of Hewitt.
Wis, upon his arrival here today
from Germany by way of switzer-
land.
1.-The people of Germany are starv-
ing said Mr.. Daniels. who for three
years has been studying in West
phalia. There are few left who are
more than 50 years DID, all succumb-
ing to lack of nutrition. while the
death rate among the children is
frightful.
President Wilson is mathematical
throughout the empire but hardly
worse than is the emperor, while
what is said openly of the crown
prince is not fit to repeat.
81 believe they will quell this in
cipent revolt, but there will be an
other unless the war ends before next
year and that one will be the end of
the HOhenzollerns.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
Red Cross Sumter Chapter.

Did YOU ever stop to consider
Ladies of this great old Sttae,
The service you can render, T.
With paper, pen and ink?
~
you may join the Red Cross,
Help them with their work.
NOW all come together,
Tis no time to shirk.
~.
was in the navy hospital,
Three months or more this year.
And it filled my heart with gladness
To think for me some one cared.
Would you not like to help them;
Provide place for the men
When they are sick and wounded,
Restore them to health again.
! am sure it would give them enough? !?
The help that you could give.
So join the Red Cross
And do your little bit.
Raymond l.. Harris,
Navy Recruiting, Columbia, s. c.
In Sumter today and tomorrow. Will
be glad to give information TO young
men who want to join the navy. Post.
office.
r. L. Harris.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
House OF Representatives.
state OF South Carolina,
"Columbla, Jan. 81, 1918.

columbia, Jan. 81. 1918.
''iion. John L. McLaurin. Bennetts-
willie. =. c.--Dear SIR: Some time
ago. at the suggestion of one u your
friends and supporters. we signed II
request for you to become a candidate
tor governor this year. At that time
we were under the impression. and
were informed. that you advocated
the principles OF the Reform Demo
cratic party of this State. and would
assist us and those associated with us
in securing their adoption. 1t is now
quite manifest. Although you were n
member OF one OF our conventions.
and assisted i'm tie formulation OF
those principles. TO which we unsler-
stood you had promised your allie
glance and support. and notwith-
standing your protestations OF un-
selfish action. that you now intend to
east overheard your adherence TO
these principles and TO our party, and
that. seeking merely to advance your
own individual political interest. you
attempt to seize what you now think
IA an occasion TO ride into office as
an independent. oy drawing from the
Reform party persons who became
dissenticus. az VIII es from the al
sro-Conservotlves. who have consist
entity for some years. through election
devices. robbed US OF our rights.
We regret To see illustrated In it's
fullest form the conduct which you
describe In the opening part OF your
letter, whereby TO advance your own
schemes for obtaining office. you in
sincerely claimed and obtained the
votes and assistance OF people who
believed Ira your manhood and truth.
end voted for your warehouse meas
ure which measure we still believe in
and made a part OF our platform,
but which we wanted to be repre-
sented and conducted by people In
whom we have the utmost confidence.
'>slls sessing. as you do. that you were
guilty 0f~such conduct. you leave us
under the indigestion that you will
adopt such a couNse again. What we
wanted. and thought we would get
In making our call was but
spoken. honest and truth man to
advocate the principles o. the Re-
form party OF this State. which we
hope to advance. We do not con-
slider that by such action we are ad-
vancing factionalism. but we are en-
deavoring by our platform OF princi-
Pies to get the people to adopt our
views as TO the economy of our
state government and TO secure for
the people a vote and voice therein.
We regret that YOU have been called
and found wanting. We now fear
That we have been acting under a
total misapprehension. and will. we
feel assured. find someone else loyal
to the cause OF the people of South
Carolina. and the principles OF the
Reform party.
Yours very truly.
w. w. Scott.
III. Kelly.
Asa Hall. Jr..
III. Clinton Summers. Jr.
Members OF Anderson Delegation.
Iiouue OF Representatives.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06

Hand grenades are bad, but the old
hme bayonets were not good things
to run against. Knoxville Journal
and Tribune.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
NOT LIKELY TO CALL THEM.
Attitude of War Department Toward
New Units.

New Units.
Washington. Feb. 2.-The policy of
the war department with respect to
the new national units organized
since the president drafted the old
guard into the federal service will bt
TO refrain from calling them into
service even after they have attained
the state of preparedness required by
departmental regulations and have
been recognized Ivy the military bu-
reau.
This was disclosed today in a state
ment issued by Secretary Baker
through the military bureau. The
new units. however, will be subject to
draft at any time in the discretion of
the president.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
SUMTER COTTON MARKET.
p. G. BOWMAN. Cotton Buyer.
Corrected daily at IL o'clock Noon

Cool Middling 80 Is.
strict Middling 20 7-S.
Middling 20 IS. -
strict Low Middling 20.
Low Middling % 1-2.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
B,sITIsU RAID TRENCHES.
Nigbr Attack Successful and Prison
crs Brought Back.

London. Feb. 2.-"During the night
party OF Liverpool troops success
fully raided the enemy trenches
southeast OF Armentieres and brought
back prisoners" the war office re-
ports a raid attempted by the enc
my north OF Passchendaele was re-
Isulsed.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
FIRE OF AMERICANS "AIMOST
PEHFECT.'


or Comments on Accurate Aim of
Pcrslling's Men.
with the American Army in
France, Saturday, Feb. (By the AS
sociated Press) The French COM
mander of Il sausage balloon squadron
who was an artillery officer at Yer
dun during the heaviest fighting and
also participated in the Somme Of
fensive, declared today that the work
OF certain American batteries at the
front is almost perfect" He was
particularly pleased with the wort,
done py American guns in firing on a
German position in Il wood, which he
observed from p balloon.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06


syrup can be used for sweetening
coffe and the cereal at breakfast.
Puddings pudding sauces, custards
and other cold desserts, ices, cakes
and cookies may all he made by sub
stituting other sweetening for the
sugar.
Swiss Honey Cakes.
1-2 cup shortening,
1 pound strained honey.
1 lemon,
l2 cup flour,
1-2 teaspoon soda,
teaspoons baking powder,
is teaspoon nutmeg,
1-2 cup almonds,
Flour TO make dough.
Melt the shortening. II oil is used
this Will he unnecessary. Add the
honey and stir well. Remove from
the fire at once and cool. Add the
grated rind and juice of the lemon.
Sift the soda. baking powder and
nutmeg with the 1-2 cup -four. Add
this to the honey mixture. Add
enough flour to make dough stiff
enough TO be handled. Mix all well and
set in cool place overnight. Roll
out one-fourth inch thick. cut in
squares. diamonds or circles with a
a IN M
chopped nuts and bake i'm a mod
crate oven.
Apricot Ice.
cup corn syrup.
/ cup water,
cups apricot rujp and LIQUID.
tablespoons lemon juice.
S""k apric"ts in u small amount ot
water over night. Cook until SOFT.
Mash and put through the coiander.
Mix well with other ingredients and
freeze.
War Cake.
] cup molasses,
cup corn syrup.
l-2 cups water.
1 package raisins.
2 tablespoons fat,
teaspoon salt,
teaspoon cinnamon,
1-2 teaspoon cloves,
1-2 teaspoon nutmeg,
cups flour.
1-2 teaspoon soda.
teaspoons baking powder.
Boil together for minutes the
first ingredients. Cool add The
sifted dry ingredients and bake in .
ioaves for As minutes in a moderate
oven. This cake makes about 20 TO
20 servings. If desired 1 cup of oat-
meal may be used in place of rs Gun
OF the flour.
Rye Bread.
cup scalded milk,
cup boiling water,
1 1-2 teaspoons salt.
yeast cake dissolved I'm IL cup
lukewarm water.
cups flour,
Rye meal
TO milk and water add salt; when
lukewarm, add dissolved yeast cake
and -four, beat thoroughly, cover. and
let rise until light. add rye meal un~
til dough is stiff enough to knead:
knead thoroughly. let rise, shape IN
loaves, let rise again, and bake.
Rye Mullins.
cup rye meal.
Ga cup flour.
Ia cup sugar.
1 teaspoon salt,
teaspoons baking powder,
1 cup milk,
egg.
tablespoons melted fat.
Mix and sift dry ingredients: add
milk gradually. egg we'll beaten, and
melted fat; bake in hot oven in greas-
ed muffin pans twenty-five minutes.
Rye Drop Cakes.
2-3 cup rye meal,
2-3 cup flour.
1-2 teaspoons baking powder.
1-2 teaspoon salt,
1-2 cup milk.
tablespoons molasses,
] egg.
Mix and sift dry ingredients; add
mix gradually. molasses. and egs
well beaten.
Flour Substitutes Wanted.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06

Miss Minnie Moore has gone to At
lanta to visit relatives,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
Apricot Ice.

i cup corn syrup,
cup water.
cups apricot pulp and LIQUID
tablespoons lemon Juice.
S"ak "pric"ts in /" small amount ot
water over night. Cook until SOFT.
Mash and put through the colander.
Mix well with other ingredients and
freeze
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-02-06
SUGGESTIONS FOR HOUSEKEEP-
ERS.
From the United States Food Admin.
istratim.

Sugar is not necessary i'm bread
making any more than is fat. Aegood
cook can make good bread without
II. Corn or sorgum syrup or table
syrup can be used for sweetening
coffe and the cereal at breakfast.
Puddings. pudding sauces, custards
and other cold desserts, ices. cakes
and cookies may all be made by sub
stituting other sweetening for the
sugar.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1918-02-22

WASHINGTON, February 2O-(As-
ISOLATED Press) The booze lid for men
in uniform has been tilted. It is now
clamped down all around no more and
hereafter If a friend invites a soldier
to dinner he may serve him appetizers,
between bites refreshments and cor
dials, always providing the home is not
within the dry zones surrounding army
camps.
This relaxation of the army regula-
lions was announced by the war depart
ment last night The regulations have
been amended and will permit the
serving Of intoxiCants in private homes
to officers and men who are guests. Of
ficers and men are likewise permitted
to serve themselves with intoxicants in
their own homes and to treat their
friends as well
There is no amendment Of the regu-
lations affecting the zones surrounding
army camps, however, strict prohibition
within these zones being included in
the provisions Of the SeleCtive Draft
Act.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1918-02-22
DEALERS VOLUNTARILY
REDUCE RICE PRICES

The potential power Of the food al.
ministration in Honolulu was revealed
yesterday when japanese rice dealers
voluntarily reduced the price Of rice
several points.
The action of the japanese rice deal
ers is attributed to the threat that rir"
was to be the next thing to be tackled
after the fish situation is disposed of.
The dealers held Il meeting which had
been hastily called and announced price
reductions from $3.50 and $S.4O to
$500 and $50 per hundred pounds.
The price on rice has been inflat
ed considerably, it is reported, by
boarding of rice on Kauai and in other
rice producing localities. Much com
plant concerning the prices ON this
japanese staple have been pouring in
to the Office of the food administrator
which became known among the Jap.
anese dealers.
The price change will take effect
TODAY
The Hawaiian gazette., 1918-02-22
SUPREME BODY TO
PLAN WAR NEEDED
Allied Cause Faces Disaster Un-
less It Is Created Is
Opinion of President

WASHINGTON, February 20-(As
sOciated Press THE creation of d
central body made up of representa-
tiVes of all the Allies and the United
States for the counduct of the war T.
an absolute necessity unless they are
70 run the risk Of grave disaster, l.
the official opinion held both here and
IN London, as expressed by President
Wilson and Lloyd George.
Lloyd George, speaking in the house
Of commons yesterday, according to
dispatches received here, asserted that
meeting of the supreme war council
at Versailles concerning the general
var plans was formed without a single
dissenting voice.
Lloyd George emphasized his insist
"ncc upon the adoption of the plan by
announcing that if the house repudiat",l
the policy for which he was responsible
he would resign.
The American representatives, at
Versailles, Lloyd George asserted, de
rIared with irresistible power aud
logic for the expansion of the power
Of the supreme war council He an
nounced at the same time that Genera
Sir Henry Seymour Rawlinson had been
appointed to represent England at
Versailles.
In official circles here no surprise
VAS expressed over the statement OF
L"yld George and his demand for 4
united central war council to which
the United States shall be Il party. il
is known unOfficially that president
Wilson is convinced that the allie,
cause will be in grave danger unless
such a central body is created TO pIar
the conduct of the war
The Hawaiian gazette., 1918-02-22
BEWARE OF COLDS.

Children are much more likely to con
tract the contagious diseases when they
have colds. WhoOping cough, diphth".
ria, scarlet fever and consumption are
diseases that ure often contracted when
the child has cold That is why all
medical authorities say beware Of colds.
For the quick cure Of colds you will find
nothing better than Chamberlain =
Cough Remedy. It can always be de
pended upon and is pleasant and safe to
take For sale by all dealers, Benson
Smith 8; Co, Ltd, agents for Hawaii
AdVt.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1918-02-22
.COSSACK HETMAN
TAKES OWN LIFE
KaledineS Refuses To Live When
His Cossacks Vote To Turn
Authority To SIavs

LONDON, February 90 Associated
Press) Dispatches from PetrOgrad re.
port the death of General Kaledines,
hoffman, Of the COssacks, who led his
fighters into revolt against the gov.
ernment established toy KprPhsky and
who was later elected AS president of
the Republic of the Don COssackS
General Kalrdines, committed suicide
according to this report, taking his life
as a protest against the decision reach
Ell by the government Of his Republic
at N0vo Tcherkask to resign their
power and transfer authority over their
country to the Workmen = aud Sol
dierS' Council.
The news Of the self destruction OF
their leader brought about revulsior
of sentiment among tine COssackS, say
the report, and the decision to resign
was withdrawn hN vote anh orders IL
sued for the Cossacks to mobilize tC
meet the BolshrNrk army reported e
be marching against Novo Tcherkask.
Further complications for the Bolshe
Wiki are reported from Finland, where
the successes Of the Red Guards have
brought about decision on the part o.
Germany to intervene Immediately
The German strength will be thrown t.
the support Of tn" Finnish counter revo
lutiOnists.
Petrograd reports that the Whit,
Guards have been rornercd north of TIT
Gulf of BOthnia 10y the Re Guards anC
are rPtreatmg eastward, surrenderinI
many important towns to the Re-
Guards.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1918-02-22
.PROH|BITIONBHt.
INTRODUCED BY
UH|O;REPORTEO
WILSON Become
Ldw Declares
Report
Accepts Principle
of Shdfroth
Measure
WASHINGTON. February 10

WASHINGTON, February 19
Especial to The Adver tiser)-
The house committee on Terri
tories, to which was referred a
Hawaiian Prohibition Bill intro
duced by Delegate Kuhio, yester-
day voted a favorable report on
the measure without discussion.
The Hawaiian Delegate made a
statement of his desires in the
matter, announcing shat he was
speaking with the direct author
ity for and on behalf of the native
Hawaiians.
The bill is practically dupli-
cate of the Shafroth Bill, now be-
fore the senate. 1t provides for
immediate bone-dry prohibition
for the Islands, to remain in effect
during the period of the war.
with a provision that the ques-
ton of it's further enforcement
may be submitted to the voters
Of Hawaii on a plebiscite.
Apparently the bill will meet
With slight opposition in either
house or senate and every indica-
ton is that it will soon become
law. .r
ERNEST G. WALKER.