davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-29

the pins you use for fastening your clothes We use millions of pounds of copper for that purpose alone. There is one firm in Connecticut that uses l2,000 pounds of copper uas for inaN4ns eye lets and vamps for shoes The eyelet metal has to be rolled out so thin that the pieces do not vary in thickness more than one-fifth of the breadth of the hu-. man hair, and the metal is such that it can be shaped to the finest degree of accuracy For this reason it is impor- tant in the making of scientific instru- ments. In fact, it is difficult to carry on any great industrial machine without copper The need for it will grow greater and greater during these days of recon struction and the government is urg- ing the increase of our output in every possible way.
 The amount of copper required in mod ern warfare has been a surprise to the world. When the war in Europe broke out it was thought it would have a dis astrous effect on the copper industry. The mining production fell, and in 1914 it was almost 200, 000000 pounds less than in 1915. It increased in 1916, and by the end of that year had reached the enor- nous amount of 3000, ,o00000 pounds, which was over 1,0o0.0 .0oo,o0O pounds more than it had been in 1914. Since then it has been steadily rising, and we are now get ting more copper out of the earth than ever before. The price has gone up with the increased demand. In 1913 refined copper was selling in London at an aver age of about IS cents pound; the follow ing year, when the war broke out, it dropped to IS cents, and in 1915 1t rose to over 20 cents pound. During 1916 the price at times was upwards of 34 cents pound and that notwithstanding the enormously increased production and the fact that the exports were practically shut out of Germany and the other coun- tries of the central powers. Our allies bought copper in enormous quantities. The Russians took tens of millions Of pounds. The British gave one order to New York for 200,0o0,000 pounds, and an- other of almost double that size. The latter sale was made by the Anaconda Copper Mining company and American Smelling and Refining company and the price was 27 cents. When we entered the war the price was upwards of 30 cents, but Uncle Sam by appealing to the patri- otism of the mine owners made con tracts which were far under the market, and the government has saved vast sums by the mobilization of our copper indus try in that way.
 It is interesting to know where the worlds copper comes from. The average production for the past 10 years has been little more than 2,oo0.0Oo.000 pounds. It began with less than 100000, 900 pounds
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-29

S7 WRITE of King Copper as one of
 the live working monarchs in the J rehabilitation of peace. For four
 years his efforts have been devoted to the waging of war. He has been vital part of every engagement and has largely aided in defeating the Kaiser. The shortage of copper in Germany be- gan six months after the German in vasion. Prior to that time the Germans had consumed about 30o,0oo tons year and only one-tenth of this came from mines within their own boundaries. Later the domestic product was slightly in creased and the government tried to piece out the balance by stripping the metal from the roofs of their houses, by robbing their churches of their bells and by collecting from the people kitchen utensils. copper and brass lamps, locks knobs and hardware of every descrlp- tion. They did likewise to all ln- vaded territory. France and Beigium were skinned of all the copper in slgnt and the same was true of Austria-tun- gary, Serbia, Rumania and some parts of Russia In many of the conquered cities the electric copper wires were stripped from the trolleys and replaced with iron wires At the same time the domestic mines were worked to the ut- most and few thousand tons were inn ported from Norway and Sweden The : total supply, however was nothing in comparison with the needs of the war. and at last much of the war machinery broke down through the famine in cop per.
 Copper Is used in most war materials. In connection with zinc it forms brass, the most important of all metal alloys. Hundreds of thousands of tons of it are consumed in this way for cartridge cases and shell fuses, and 1t has it's place in every big gun and almost every weapon of war. It is used in airplanes and motor cars, and it Is almost indispen- sable for electrical and thermal trans mission. It is estimated that every mile of trolley line in the United States re- quires 2000 pounds of copper for power transmission alone, and about 10 years ago the American Bell Telephone sys- tenn had in use more than 0,000, 900 pounds of wires made of copper. 1t was used for telegraph and telephone lines on the battlefields, and the ocean cables, of which there are now over 100000 miles, eat 1t up by the thousands of tons.
 Copper is used largely in shipbuild- ing and in the past the wooden vessels were often copper bottomed. It is em- ployed in making machines of all kinds, and it is a part of the foundation of modern industry as well as modern war fare. Take the insignificant matter Of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-29

in 1907 and it has steadily increased al- most every year until in 1916 the sout- put was more than 3.0o0. 0oo.O0o pounds. The increase of 1916 over 1914 is more than 50 per cent and almost the whole of this increase has come from the United States For years we have been produe- ing more than half the copper in the world, and in 1916 we produced about two- thirds of all that was mined. We shall probably do better this year.
 The United States is the chief copper country of She world. we D ouuce x \ times as much as Mexico which Is our nearest rival and more than eight times as much as Spain, which was, for long time, the world s chief copper producer. The product of Michigan is more than half as large as that of all Mexico and Arizona and Montana have copper output great CT than that of any two foreign nations combined Utah has some of the larg- est copper mines of the world and the territory of A asNa producea almost ia9 ' 000,O00 pounds of copper in 1916. During my recent trip to that country I talked with the manager of the Kennecott mine and was told that they could land cop per in Liverpool at something like , cents a pound. 1t was then selling for p cents pound. According to the esti- mates of the geological survey for 1913 the United States was producing 50 per cent of the worlds copper, Europe 13 per cent Canada and Mexico per cent, South America and Cuba per cent and all the other countries F per cent. The proportion in our favor is even greater today.
 But first let me give you some idea of our copper competitors. They will all be in the market to supply the raw material now that the war is over, and every industrial nation will be among the purchasers. The Germans can control the mines within their own boundaries and upon the peace terms only will de- pend as to whether they are to get copper from Russia and Asia Minor. I doubt not they have already made contracts for copper with Spain, and they will be combing other parts of the world for ore for their industries as soon as the terms of peace are in force
 Spain has one of the oldest and most famous of all copper mines. It is sit uated in thesouthern part of the benin sula not far from Palos, where Co lumbus fitted out his first expedition for the discovery of America. The mine lis known as the Rio Tinto. It covers eight square miles, and gives living to more than 50.000 people. It is worked by tunnels and auarries. and its ter races are traversed by nearly 50 miles of railways on which 750 cars arc kept running to get out the ore. This mine has been worked for thousands of years. and there is tradition that
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-29

The Nash-Six is truly wonderful motor car. Mechanical science has perfected every detail, which has resulted in producing one of the most complete and finished motor cars on the mar ket. Its simplicity has made it comfortable and easy to drive.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-29
MOHAWK TIRES

It's not the guaran- tee that has made Mohawk Tires sat isfy; it's the select ed material, high quality rubber and expert workmanship that has enabled the m a n u f a cturer to complete a first class tire that will exceed it's guaran- teed mileage. When you use Mohawk Tires it's just like getting tire insur- ance, you are pro- tected against im- perfections that in many tires cause embarrassment and delay. Always use the best made Mohawk Tires.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
WILL SOME one KINDLY
AlDRECRUITINd OFFICERl

Fhs htoneer i'll again going To- ask
Il favor; this time for Raymond Ma
.gaurn Of Bemidji, Just appointed re-
.cruiting officer for the Canadian
military In Bemidji, and that is II
anyone has a desk not in use and It
can be spared, would it be loaned
to Mr.. Magaurn. It will be well
taken care Of and returned when 1t
has served its purpose. 53i.2 i;,s s5f. 4
Mr. Magaurn is a. young man who
lost the first two fingers on his left
hand. He has endeavored every way
to enlist, making four attempts, but
the missing fingers have proved a
handicap He has just received his
appointment as Canadian recruiting
OFFICER at Bemidji and will have the
operation of Recruiting Officer
Foucault, III. s. "a. - III 4
Y Neither Of the governments fur
;nish Office equipment nor, much of
the incidental expense and these
come out of the recruiting officers.
Corporal Foucault is using a desk
loaned by q patriot and Mr.. Ma
gaurn would also appreciate the
courtesy. Anyone willing to make
the loan of a desk will call the
local recruiting Office.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
BEMIDJI LUTHER,ANS
CLOSE PATRIOTIC DRIVE

la. y
In the national drive of the Luth-
,eran churches of the United States
for a war fund Of $3.50, 1000 to be
used for the welfare Of Lutherans
who are in the military Of the United
States, which closed last night, Be-
midi and vicinity contributed
3s218.25. S:. Il III +. Vi s
The first allotment, Of Minnesota
was $1OO, 900 and then it was de-
3cided to raise; 1t to $150,0O0, but
the state sLutherans even went over
the 5000, 900 mark, making a re-
markable record. One congregation
Of 500 in the state subscribed over
SIS, 900. 81 Fl "
The Lutherans OF Bemidji met a
ready response to their solicitations,
the various wards of the city being
canvassed by specially appointed
committees. OF the total amount
collected, $12.O5 was raised in Sol
way, $4 in Wilton and $3 in Turtle
River. Js5Ss lE :35S5 5i 81 .sj s58 b lgG
a With the colors in France there
are $50 900 Lutherans and thou
sands more in the camps in the
United States. si5 S
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
"pIONEER' PRESSMAN
JOINS THE ENGINEERS

When Ed Ripple leaves Bemidji
tomorrow night for Columbus, o., to
join an engineering regiment, the
Pioneer will lose valuable man, in
its mechanical department and the
engineers will acquire an all round
athlete and a good soldier. Mr.. Rip
pie has been in charge of the presses
of the Pioneer Publishing company.
Just about the most disappointed
patriot in Bemidji at the outbreak
of the war was Ripple. He had been
member of the Fifth division, Min
nesota naval militia, but strain
received prior to the departure of
the naval division prevented him
from going. But Ripple didn't in
tend to remain behind and he under
went an operation that Strengthened
him put and he is now ready to get
into the game. He has had several
months experience as locomotive
fireman, Is an expert around ma
chinery and will be sent to France.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
ANNUAL MEETING OF
COMMERCIAL CLUB


The annual meeting of the Com
mercial club will be held Tuesday
evening, March II, in the club
rooms, at which time a new board
OF directors will be elected and new
OFFICERS chosen. III
s A list OF members in good stand
ing will be mailed out to every mem
Der March 1 by the secretary, from
which list the members are to select
fifteen directors. These selections
are to be mailed or turned over to
the secretary before the meeting and
canvass Of these returns will be
made that night. .
New officers will be chosen from
the newly elected board members.
Members who are not in good stand
ing, which means that dues must be
paid for February, 1918, will not
be permitted to vote, neither will
such names be considered il chosen
to the directorate. !.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
"Boosters" Rally ToAssist
Civilian Recruiting Work

julius Schmidt OF the Northern Ma
sional bank, will start on the work
Ind pass the opportunity along to
other young men. The aim Is to
secure at least 100, dollar subscrip-
tions. If there are any who wish
to get on the "Good Fellow" list
they may do SO by leaving their
name with q. H. Denu, chairman OF
the committee. ,
These Start List.
Z The following are the first thirty
to sign the "Good Fellow" list:
Northern National Bank, Bemidjf
Mfg. Co., Bemidji Pioneer, Given
Hardware Co., Security State Bank,
D. L. Stanton, A.. T. Carlson, e. N.
French, M. c. Longballa, G.. A.
Knapp, e. S. Ashley, G. M. Palmer,
g. w. Campbell, P. N Murphy, e.
B. Berman, Shavitch Bros, F. s.
Lycan, G.. w. Ferrel, Cushner &
Dunn, e. w. Johnson, e. A. Barker,
H. 2. Mitchell, Gill Bros, T. ].
Burke, Gamble Robinson Co., st.
Hilaire Lumber company, Huffman &
o'Leary, G. r. sanborn, Charles Nam
gle and A.. i, Molander.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28


The civilian recruiting committee
chit the trailH Wednesday morning
for about an hour, saw sixty-two
men and women and secured a con-
tribution from sixty of them, and the
two who did not contribute fwere
broke" but stated that they would
"come across as soon as they had
1t. sse sis
The Good Fellow" story in the
Pioneer Tuesday afternoon, asking
for contributions to the local re-
cruiting fund, familiarized most Of
the people with the purpose of the
committees call and they were
ready to, give. In one instance, the
committee was hailed from across
the street, with, ''Wait a minute, !
want to. get on that list.
Twenty-eight outright dollar
donations were made and thirty men
signed the Good Fellow" list, who
agree to keep surplus in the fund
from month to month.
Younr Men to Help.
During the next few days several
Of the younger men will continue
the canvass, Joseph Forester and
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
Capt. GEORGE Geib Of Benidji
Helps Assign County Draft

hen, but several are very nearly so.
h rhe 349th infantry, which had no
Minnesota men in the ranks at all
prior to this increment, has been as
signed approximately 1,750 Co
,hers, and the 339 field artillery,
which had only Iowa and Illinois
members before, has now about 300
Minnesotans. 81 +
Gophers Predominant in Units.
The 35Oth regiment, another Iowa
organization under the old system,
drew about 600 Minnesota troops
this week, and 1000 Mfnnesotans
have been scattered among the ma
chine gun units, trains, sanitary
corps, medical department and sim
liar organizations. .
/ Several regiments, however, will
be predominately Minnesota organi-
Continued on Page Four
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28


An interesting feature Of the ar
rival Of the Beltrami county draft
quota at Camp Dodge, was that Cap
tain George Geib Of Bemidji was one
of the officers who received the
quota Captain Geib is the stast-
ical officer Of Camp Dodge and was
active with Colonel Howell in as
signing the new selectives. Captain
zGeib was a member of the arclli-
tectural firm of Geib & Leibsle' in
Bemidji and when he, went into the
service he left his partner, Roy
Leibsle. The latter is now in an OF
ficers' training camp in the south
Minnesota has acquired an inter
est in almost every unit in distrib-
uting the 5000 Minnesotans VINO
were ordered 70 report at Camp
Dodge this week.
There are no longer units at Camp
Dodge made up entirely OF Minnesota
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
BELTRAMI COUNTY 4.
SUFFERED / 4HEAvlLY |: I ! I
FROM FIRE IN 1917
Especial to Pioneeer)

st. Paul, Feb. 2s.-The fire loss
in Beltrami county last year was
$277,956 from 88 fires. .5as s
This is an increase over the pre-
ceding year Of $206,203 with 81
more fires, says George H. Nettle-
ton, chief assistant state fire mar
shal. X
While 1t is probably true that
many Of these fires were of such ma
ture that they occurred despite pre-
cautions taken, still nothing should
be overlooked at this time to keep
down this loss. .s.}.' Fl ~
The state and federal governments
are doing their utmost to conserve
resources and fire losses are coming
to be distinguished as menace that
every citizen should guard against
especially during war times. v
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
From Hospital Bed, Victim Gives
First Detailed Account Of III
.ss'gs ss'g Deadly Attack. 355s
BOYS BEHAVED FINE BUT
IT WAS HELL HE SAYS
Companion Runs shrieking With
II; Mind Gone; Unable to Get
Gas Mask On.
(By United Press) ]

With the Americans afeld, Feb.
28.The first detailed story OF the
German gas attack night before last
on the Americans In the trenches on
the western front, Is given by Pri-s
vate Hado, from his bed In the hos
pital. M & N II. N 53ss ~ Ia
The gassed soldier said s, VI 81.
THE stun had a funny effect. I
feel dopey and want to sleep all the
time. That day the Germans shelled
our trenches accurately, showing
they had the range. II rained all
day and then cleared The front was
quiet when all of sudden there was
suspicious German activity. We.
signaled for barrage but the wires
were cut and the Germans started
gassing. \; N, .., IA sls 5 i!a3S u S 4
5 1--WE sent up rockets but the bar
rage was delayed and the cry came
that gas had been let loose at US.
Everyone grabbed his mask. I got
mine on but my companion failed to
get his on and he fell to the ground
in terrible pain, tussled with him
to get his mask on and mine slipped.
X got a little ges. ]" u. u.
3'"The other man went clean crazy
with pain and ! couldn't hold him.
He dashed out Of the. dugout shrek
inra5 sa sssg ~ sSs-
~ "Our boys behaved fine although At
was hell. Next time we will get the
Boches.' u As R5
"A The United Press learned that q
crazed soldier ran; barefooted q mile
and then dropped. It is believed he.
fell dead. Z.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
BHMIDH CHICKENS TAKE
~ BLUES AT CROOKSTON SHOW

4 DR.. j. Warntnger today received
the prize ribbons won by his poultry
exhibits at the big Crookston show,
recently held, and from the looks OF
the stack Of blues there wasn't much
left for any one else in the Buff
Plymouth Rock class Y. #9s \. " = NJ. 2 .gI@
j DR.. Warninger had sixteen birds
entered, seven pullets, four hens,
three cockerels, two cock birds and
two pens. In pullets She won first,
second, third, fourth and fifth.
Hens, first, second, third and fourth.
Cockerels. first, second and third.
Cock birds, first and second Pens,
first and second Third in cock bird
Of American breed. .@4ra. ..5, Il
These birds were also big winners
in the show of the Minnesota Fanci-
ers' association in st. Paul. =
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
BEL / /! ! ]
||!D|H1IP|| } P'R|||l|OyIDE ] | .
TIA TOR Sc } [. ] TIlO||IN||| | | J
With COMFORTS l ! I !
Ss3ent ~ Government Assay Office:
Proceeds Used for Sweater, @ At
tc, for + wing Corps. III

ssss ssss " The oman y Stu club OF Be-
mid has taken up the work sof the
Treasure and Trinket Fund which is
a movement started under the direc-
Stiun sof the aviation commit tee OF the
National Special Aid Societ OF New
ssYork. society working for the, vel
fare 0f the Aviation department. of
the United States service. $S
The aim and purp pose sof this \ sos g
sciety IS to collect discarded jewelry
and ilyerWare, treasures and trink-i
sets Qf all kinds and descrip tion, go
sbe subsequent turned nto cash,
this cash to be used In buying sweat
sers, tockings, helmets, wristletss and
any and all warm clothing Tor the
comfort Of the ayiators, also to fur
snish amusemerlt for the boys In the
sayiation cam ps.
Nation Wiide Move.
Cities, towns and village through
out the country are rapid taking
sup this bran ch i OF the work and II
is believed Bemidj will stand ready,
ali usual, to cooperate IN any worthy
movement It Is reque uested that any
one who has any old silver or. plated
ware that has abeen discarde ed or OF
no use, donate same to this fund.
Old silver coffee pots, tea pots, sil-
yer cake plates, candle site ks, rings
bracelets, drinking ups, trays,
knives, forks, spoons, napk in rings
and III fact every and any article
that can be melted down can be
used j; also r trink its, watches, etc.,
that cannot be melted are reqli iested
as such are sold or disposed of Ia
some proftable way fpg The
sbsnefit IT the. boys 9sat the front. No
money is asked 81 only scrap ct gold
and silyerWare.
Bought by Government.
The articles donated are sent to
i the United States assaying Office
where they are ted, the gold and
silver being sent to the United States
mint, and nickle and plated ware
are used iby the navy department in
fitting ships. The money thus de-
rived lis used in purchasing articles
of lothing, etc, as mentioned, for
the boys in the flying corps. .s
These IN Charge.
Any and All articles can be left
at Netzer's drug store any time from
\ now until March 8 on which day a
shipment will be made to the United
States assaying office. 4 { Z
s3S Anyone wishing further informa-
5tion may call or see Mrs. %. A. 4. Ia a.
Baw, 718 Bemidji avenue, phone
5476-W, or Mrs. r.. "A. Olson, II l8
Bemidu avenue, phone a IS, and any
information will be gladly given.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
Russ aston
Ga uses /. ! J B||:|a||I||'k|||'.
IA 1J s,s1 54 8y5 j
By AI..ustri|a.n|'|s A. !. |:
(By Joseph Shaplen)
limited Press COrresnOndent

Is - OHKV0U = t0up TSUt2OCPOHUOl1I q -TIE7
z Petrograd, Feb. 28.-The, Aus
,trians have refused to advance
against the Russians in Volhynia,
say dispatches from Zithomir today.
!a Fearing the Austrians' refusal,
German and Austrian commanders
stationed 100000 Germans in the
Dubno region. AZ III Y. i5 4. Il
81 Reports Of growing dissatisfaction
on the part Of the German troops
have come from Orsha. " General Won
Hindenburg has ordered operations
n&that district to halt. The Ger
mans have been ordered to stop the
advance against PskQf. !. s:sS ,.s ;Sstas:ts
Petrograd has undergone a marked
TRANSIT The city Is opti-
niistic, warlike and determined, K
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
SERGEANT ADDRESSES
!. COMMERCIAL CLUB

n Sergeant McDeHenry, Canadian
recruiting officer, addressed the
member Of the Commercial club at
the noon day luncheon Wednesday
and narrated some interesting Incl
dents to which he was an eye. wit
ness in France and Belgium.
The sergeant related some start
ling facts and pointed out the need
Of men to keep the regular army up
to war strength He urged the CO
operation of the business men and
members of the Commercial club in
assisting him and his office to locate
Canadian aliens and "slackers." E4.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-02-28
AL ALIENS REGISTER
WITH THE CITY CLERK

The three days registry for all
aliens in Bemidji and vicinity, aside
from German aliens who had special
days set for them to register, closed
last night with 442 registered with
City Clerk Stein. ID ..-5s K.
Among the aliens were a large
number of women and some children.
The latter were Obliged to register II
over IA years of age.
The names will all be forwarded
to the state auditors office at st.
Paul and made part Of the state rec
ord Of aliens. G '' Il n 81