davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02
FARMERS SUPPORT THE LOAN
By Clifford V. Gregory, Editor, the Prairie Farmer.

It takes money to fight a great war through to victory and it is up to us to furnish It. Thero was some criti cism at the time of the second Liberty Loan D the effect that farmers were not buying bonds as literally As they should. Most of this criticism was unjpstifed, though there is here and there stacker in the country as well as elsewhere. We are in better shape to subscribe to this Loan for 1t comes at time when We have more of the years products turned into cash
 Let us subscribe with a willingness that will make criticism impossible that will show Uncle Sam the farm CTS of America are behind him wi.h their money as well as with their blows. Every dollar subscribed 70 the Liberty Loan helps to bring i'e kaisers day of reckoning nearer.
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02
WHY FARMERS SGUST BUY
Besides Being Patriotic, Their invess- nlent Provides Nation With
 Shipping Facilities.


 Some farmers nay not understand just what is the significance of ship brilding to them, They fai, to see how they are to be benefited when the money they lend the government by purchasing Liberty Bonds is spent for ships that sail the seas they never have seen.
 Ships today are carrying our farm products to Europe. If there are TO ships the farmers goods never would reach the market. If German U-ba...s were dynamiting freight cars instead of ships the farmers crops would not even reach the Chicago and Kansas City markets. We must have ships to get our produce to market. Bonds will help build them,
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02
MOVIE STARS AND
 CAb|NE I MEMBERS ] AMONC SPEAKERS
ORATORS FROM EVERY RANK TO SPREAD LIBERTY LOAN DOC.
 TRlNE IN UNITED STATES.
ALLIED ARMIES ALSO HELP
Former President Taft, Governors of Many States and Soldiers From the Front Will Be Among
 the Lists.

The speaking campaign in connee- be one of the largest and most com prehensive ever undertaken in the his tory of the nation Virtually the en- tire country has been organized along district lines. Beginning with the Ma tional Federal Speakers Bureau in the Treasury Department, the work is in charge of organizations controlling units from federal reserve districts down to villages. In some cases the organization extends into rural com. munities.
 The total number of speakers who will participate in the campaign val run into thousands. Between 400 and 800 of them will receive personal di- r,ction from the National Speakers Bureau and about 5000 will work un- der the direction of various other uu reaus. All of the speakers are being supplied with fresh information in re. 1ation to the loan as it develops.
 The personnel of the speakers list embraces men in almost every walk of life, including a former President of the United States, members of the cabsAet, state governors, federal offi- cials and actors and actresses, both of the silent and speaking stages. Some of the persons who have agreed to make addresses are: Former Presi- dent William Howard Taft, Secretary McAdoo, Secretary Lane, Secretary Daniels, John Burke, Treasurer of the United States; Maj. Gen. E. E, sWn., ton, Assistant Secretary of the British War Cabinet; Gov Bamberger of Utah: Gov. Brough of Arkansas; Will liam J. Bryan, former Secretary cf State; Martin E. Glynn, former Gov ernor of New York; Carl Vrooman, Assistant Secretary of Agfieulturs; Clarence Darrow, Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, Marguerite Clark, Mary Pickford, Lillian Russell, Marie Dressler, Harry Lauder, Alice Nelson and Katherire Ridgeway. Many the. atrical stars who will be unable 10 leave their regular work will give Lib . erty Loan talks in lieu of encores,
 Many soldiers from the allied armies have accepted invitations to talk. Scores of them from Australia, England, Scotland and Canada will speak in various parts of the United States as tho campaign gets under way. Most of them are injured men.
 The preliminary Liberty Loan speak, ing work also is being accomplished on larger scale than ever before, By the opening date of the loan more than 500 Liberty Loan meetings will have meetings have been in progress in different parts of the country ever since March Il.
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02
MR, FARMER, WAKE UPl
You Are vitaIIy Interested In This
 World War-Buy Bond.

Too few farmers, far removed from the war, realize the seriousness of our present pfedicament The very fact that the farmer is not immediately in touch with the war makes the danger more imminent.
 Russia Is made up of farming popu- lation, probably three fourths of which knew very little of what tie war eyey there meant. As result the army was not previsiaped and money not kept in circulation and the military machine collapsed. Support our army by buying bonds.
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02
DON'T BURY YOUR BOND
Deposit t In sour Bank snd You Can
 Raise Money on It if You Need.

When you and your neighbor have bought your Liberty Bonds don't take Ihsm heaas and hide them in the cup board. Take them te your country banker and have him give you certifi- cates of deposit for the bonds. Your banker can take these bonds to Fed ssat Reserve bank and borrow money for your use ia eass yoN suddenly find yourself in need of funds.
 Hiding bond in your stocking at this time is just as bad as hoard;ns money. Keep the bonds and the money in circulation and the country will pull through this crisis all right.
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02
School Teachers Anii t!ae High Cost
 Of living


 Are you content to continue teaching without any increase in salary when the cost of living has more than doubled in the past twelve months? Or will you enter the broad field of business where the demand for trained young men and women is the greatest in the history of this nation? The commercial concerns of tie country, realizing the adj vance in the cost of living, have increased salaries in proportion, and Bookkeepers, Stenographers and operators receive from SIS 70 $l00 per month for twelve months in the year and receive advances promptly as they pro- gress in experience and skill. The increase in salary during the school terms added to the add itional salary in vacation amounts to iarge gain over the teachers pay, and the expenses of school ing is over after the few mon- ths spent in commercial college. Teachers salaries are limited, while business positions pay sal- aries as large as the abilities of the employees justify. Salary and ability seek their level in business very quickly, because of the widespread demand for help. Gan you blame several thousand teachers who are quitting the profession annually to enter com mercial work where they have an opportunity of increasing their earning power each year and where their training fits them for the responsible positions of life? Do you know that, with only a small cost in money and from three to five months train ing, you can step into a good pay ingS in writiciial position? Com piry value, would lab,time and mon me alphabet that the s ;,.
 owed upon the monuments ut piop ,stined for all time. As far backagin cords have been preserved there was
 existence cursive style of writing. stances have been preserved abun-
 atly in Pompeii of random remarks
 he ordipaEy cjittiG5sn cjtiG5s sata seFiehl6tpa r6 attend summer normal during vacation. Make up your mind now to spend your vacation this summer in Americas largest com mertial training school and prepare yourself to answer one of the many calls we have daily for our students. Write the Tyler CommAcial College, Tyler, Texas, for their large. free illus trated catalogue and read what teachers who have attended this institution say of the many ad- vantages it offers to those who desire to enter the business world.
 ----S Sk---a.
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02
THE MOVIE SHOWS HELP

The mlotien fls,ieen pifture exhibitors pF Los Angeles have inaugurated move ment for Liberty Loan Night" at every theater in the city, in accord .aaee with Hlans Baw being formulated by committee of the National Asso- ciation of Motion Picture Industry.
 Exhibitors throughout the United States will be supplied with posters, slides and other material to be used by the theaters in this campaign.
Cleveland County herald., 1918-05-02

Every theater in Los Angeles VIII hold a 4I.dberty Loan Night" It IS ex' pecte0 that the movement will spread to every city and tewg ip the United States. s.-.--e
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Cheaper Foods Are Made
More Appetizing If Care
Is Used in Preparation

Proper attention to cooking and sea-
soning will make appetizing dishes Of
the cheaper yet nutritious foods. Ac-
cording to the U. S. department OF
agriculture, 1T will increase greatly
their consumption and thus reduce con-
siderably the use Of more expensive
foods now eaten in place Of them.
Many housewives who complain that
children and adults will not eat break
fast cereals fail to realize that the GER
eals they serve may be undercooked,
scorched, or improperly seasoned and
thus made unpalatable. Most of the
cheaper foods require careful season
ing and preparation to be fully appe-
tizing.
Vegetables properly prepared tempt
the appetite. When they are soggy or
poorly seasoned, much Of them will be
left on the table.
The quality and flavor Of meat or
fish can be injured by overlooking or
improper cooking. If fats are allowed
to burn even little, they develop un-
pleasant flavors; if this happens in
making gravies and sauces or in fry
ing, the food will usually not be eaten |;
burned meat is also disagreeable and
so are burned vegetables.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
H0me-G Sweet Corn Is
Best-Good Advice on How
To Grow Your Roasting Ears

To have sweet corn at It's best, says
the U. S. department Of agriculture, 1t
should be on the fire within Is minutes
after being pulled from the stalk. 1t
loses quality very rapidly after being
picked because its sugar changes into
starch. This Is fine argument for
having this crop in the home garden,
IL space will allow. Those who wish
to grow their own roasting ears will
find the following advice useful:
Corn does best in q fertile soil, but
Is able to adapt itself to all textures
from sand to clay. To grow it in suf-
ficient quantities for the average fam
lily requires more space, however, than
for most garden vegetables. 1t should
not be planted until after danger Of
frost is past.
The rows should be spaced not clos
er than three feet apart, and for the
larger-grOwing late varieties the dis
tance had best be three and one-half
feet. Stalks should be thinned to
stand from Is to Is inches in the row.
In planting, the seed Is covered with
one or two inches of soil. Cultivation
must be thorough, frequent, and shall
low.
1t Is possible to use the ground occu-
pied by early corn for fall planting
Of such crops as spinach, turnips, and
kale. Large, late varieties Of corn,
however, will occupy the ground for
practically the whole season.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Sugar Must Be Saved
Helps to Make Up the Shortage
Among the Allies

If any man has failed to see the
reason why he should cut his plenti-
full appOrtionment of two spoonfuls of
sugar to the one Of war time, he can
and 1t in recent publication Of the
United States department Of agricul-
ture explaining the worldwide short
age-especially the shortage among
the allies-in the supply of sweets.
Not only has the supply of sugar
in some parts of the United States
been short, but there has been an
actual shortage Of more than 2,00O,-
900 tons annually In the world since
the war began, and the shortage is
likely to continue, the publication says,
primarily because of the destruction
Of a large number Of sugar mills and
the devastation Of a considerable area
Of sugar-producing lands in Europe.
Prior to the war practically all the
sbelligerent countries, with the excep-
tion of the United Kingdom and Italy,
exported sugar, the total amount being
upward of 100000 tons. War, how
- ever, has changed the sugar-produc-
tion map and at the same time has
shifted the channels Of trade. In 1918
it is estimated that the allies must
import a minimum of 100000 tons
of sugar.
Formerly the United Kingdom and
France depended to considerable ex-
tent upon Germany, Austria Hungary,
Belgium and Russia for sugar. These
sources were shut off by the war.
The United Kingdom alone thus lost
the source Of more than half Of her
normal supply Of sugar and has turned
to new as well as other old sources
t9or her supply. The changes thus
brought about have been largely
diversion of the product Of Mauritius
to the United Kingdom instead of to
India, and an expansion Of the imports
Of unrefined sugar from Cuba, the
Philippines and Peru. For refined
and Java. However, the allies cannot
turn to such exporting countries as
Java and Mauritius without being
forced to go to much longer distance
and over more perilous route than
across the Atlantic. If the allies are
compelled to 60 to these countries 1t
will require an extra amount of ship
ping which is needed for transporta-
tion Of American soldiers and supplies
to France and England.
Russia's exports practically ceased
in 1914, and she is now reported as
somewhat short of sugar. Italys crop
decreased last year and her imports
have increased largely since the war
began. Italy's consumption, how
ever, is small and her deficit is not
serious.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
KEEP POULTRY
In BACK YARD

The department Of agriculture has a
campaign in full swing for the estab-
lishment Of small fiocks of poultry in
back yards Of city or suburban dwell
ings. In every household, no matter
how economical the housewife, there
is certain amount of table scraps and
kitchen waste which has feeding val
ne, but which, If not fed, finds It's way
Into the garbage pail. Poultry is the
only class of domestic animals which
Is suitable for converting this waste
material, right where 1t Is produced in
the city, into wholesome and nutritious
food in the form Of eggs and poultry
meat.
Though the value Of the product
from each city flock is small Of itself
the aggregate is large. A small flock
Of hens, even as few as six or eight,
should produce eggs enough, where
used economically, for family of four
or five persons throughout the entire
year, except during the molting period
Of the fall and early winter. BY the
preservation of surplus eggs produced
during the spring and early summer
this period Of scarcity can be provided
for. The keeping Of pullets instead of
hens also will insure the production
Of eggs. Not only will the eggs from
the home flock materially reduce the
cost Of living, but the superior fresh
ness and quality Of the eggs are In
themselves well worth the effort ex-
pended. Eggs are highly nutritious
food and are SO widely used as to be
almost indispensable, and an occasion
al chicken dinner Is relished by every
one.
Where conditions render 1t feasible
and cheap small flocks Of poultry
should be kept to greater extent
than at present by families In vii
lagos and towns and especially In the
suburbs of large cities. The need for
this extension Of poultry raising is par
dcularly great In those sections where
the consumption Of poultry products
exceeds the production, with the result
that prices are high.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Iris Speaker, New Kind of
Baseball Star-He Is One
Without That Temperament

iris Speaker, the outfielding star Of
the Cleveland Indians, has blossomed
out as a new kind Of star-one without
temperament.
Lee Fohf, the boss Of the Indians, de-
clares iris to be the best man-abso-
lutely-that he ever worked with. Iris,
according to Fohl, is there with every
thing-brains, batting, fielding and all
the rest Of it. In addition, the famous
outfielder has disposition that fits the
temperament of every ball player with
the Indians. He's the friend Of every
body. The kids who hang around the
bali park and who, like kids ever since
baseball became great game, idoliZe
the stars, know Speaker as their pal
good fellow and CHEEKY friend.
When Speaker was touring the coun-
try with the White Sox as they started
their trip around the world, someone
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
FirelesS Cooker and How to
Get Best Results From Use
of This Convenience

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
The time which each kind Of food
should stay In the fireless cooker de.
pends both on the nature Of the food
and on the temperature at which 1t re-
mains inside the cooker, and before
recipes for use with the fireless cooker
can be prepared one must have some
means Of knowing how temperatures
are preserved In 1t. In experiments
made In the Office Of Home Economics
6-quart kettle was filed with boil
ing water and put into the cooker, the
packing Of which happened to be news
paper. The temperature Of the water,
which was 212 degrees +. when put
into the cooker. was found to be 172
degrees f. after four hours had elapsed
and 155 degrees Il. after eight hours
had elapsed. This shows the advisable
ity Of the common custom Of allowing
food to remain undisturbed In the cook
er for at least six or eight hours, or
In some cases overnight. If soap
stone, hot brick, or other extra source
Of heat Is used, less time will be re-
quired. Materials which are denser
than water (sugar sirup as used In
cooking dried fruiD, and therefore can
be heated to higher degree, will keep
up the, temperature longer when put
into the cooker. Thus the density Of
the food material, as well as the
amount and the length Of time that the
apparatus retains the heat, must be
taken into consideration in determin-
ing how long different materials must
be cooked in the cooker.
The recipes for dishes to De prepared
In the fireless cooker differ somewhat
from those for foods cooked In the or
dinary way, chiefly In the amount Of
water or other liquids called for. Less
liquid should be put into the food to
be prepared In an ordinary fireless
cooker, since there is no chance for
water to evaporate. The cook must
be guided largely by experience in de-
Gliding how long food should be heated
before being put into the cooker and
how long 1t should be allowed to re-
main there.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Women Urged to Help On Farms
Assistant Secretary Of Agriculture Say. They Try

We reached the
generally undertake heavy work the
helping
with
tary of agriculture address
of national defense.
can imagine no finer thing said Mr. ous
this
period of labor strain help
farm
thousands
bookkeepers, whose might
i will
drafted
abeboded breeches
fields
lighter tasks the
Mr. Ouey praised the of the
spreading
the cooperating colleges paid tribute
"hoeing
patience
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Spent Yeast From BreWeries
Made Into Useful Articles

The spent yeast which collects in
breweries and distilleries is put
through process which turns 1t out
in the form Of buttons, doorbell plates
and knife handles, according to the
Popular Science Monthly. Formerly
this leftover material was consid-
cred to be bothersome waste; now
1t is utilized, every bit Of it. AS 1t
is gathered from the vats the yeast
is Of q dirty, gray-brown color. The
first operation is to dye 1t, and then
to work it over until it assumes the
form Of powder and can be hot
pressed into any form. In this stage
it Is called "ernolith." 1t may be
sawed, scraped, filed, drilled, en-
graved, turned to an edge and pol
ished.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
First Street Lighting.

Gas for street lighting was first used
In Pail Mall, London, Ill years ago.
The first attempt to introduce the use
Of gas in America was In Baltimore,
in 1916. The project was unsuccess-
full. In 1922 1t was introduced In Bos-
ton, and In the following year New
York streets were lighted by gas. The
system did not prove successful, how
ever, until 1927. The use of gas spread
rapidly In other cities In the United
States and Canada. Rosin and oil were
used for producing gas In America in
the early days Of the industry. but lat
er Newcastle coal and the Albert coal
Of Nova Scotia, were employed.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Let's Have a Picnic.

Let's Have a Picnic.
These people who think of the dis
comforts and inconvenience of pic.
mic which so overbalance the pleasure
of getting out into the glorious woods,
are better left at home for they do not
make cheerful companions. Pick your
picnic lovers so your Joy may be un.
alloyed.
Careful planning is necessary to
eliminate unnecessary weight unless
there be plenty of conveyances to share
the burden. The fewer washable dish.
es will appeal to those who have this In
charge, as important. Plates, cups,
and napkins Of paper may be obtained
at small cost and they may be burned
before leaving, as every true plcnicker
will see that he leaves no rubbish to
annoy the next group who follows
his party.
When a fire is to be built, which is
half the fun Of picnic, piece of
sheet iron which may be used on four
stones for support, will make fine
stove, with the fire underneath.
Potatoes may be roasted, sweet corn
and onions, If desired, all in the ashes.
Do not peel the onions or husk the corn
when roasting.
The salad and salad dressing may be
carried in fruit Jars. Stuffed eggs,
wrapped in squares of tissue paper
fringed on two ends, twisted to look
like bOnbons, are attractive.
Ferns and wild flowers are to be
found to make pleasing centerpiece.
Lemonade, all sweetened ready to
add the water may also be carried in
Mason jar.
If there Is no place to build fire,
few thermos bottles will carry the
coffee. They are also useful to carry
cold drinks.
Sandwiches, Of course, will be pro-
vided in quantity, for the appetite is
very elastic when out in the open.
Fresh fruits of various kinds In sea-
son, with small cakes, make a dessert
which Is very satisfactory.
A dessert which is not hard to pro-
vide and which Is very delicious IL
this: Provide sufficient sponge cakes
and carry jar Of whipped cream
sweetened and favored. Cut open the
cakes, scoop out the centers and fill
with the cream. There are never any
left. In strawberry season few mash
ed berries added to the cream is a
pleasant change.
The outing has lost it's main object
If any have been overburdened in its
preparations.
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Fecundity of Bacteria.

Bacteria reproduce with almost In
credible rapidity," says George w.
Hunter in "a Civic Biology" II Is
estimated that single bacterlum.
by process Of division called fission
dividing itself into two parts) will
give rise to over 16,700,000 others In
"a hours. Under unfavorable condi-
tons they stop dividing and form
rounded bodies called spores. These
are exceedingly difficult to injure %
destroy.-Popular Science Monthly. I
The Mellette County pioneer. [volume] (Wood, Mellette County, S.D.) 19??-1971, 1918-06-28
Boy Scouts Duty in the
Great War Garden Movement

The fyod production and garden
campaign Of the Boy Scouts of Amer
lea is well under way, says Boys
Life, the boy scouts magazine. Every
scout, and indeed every troop and
every local council, according to re-
ports, is definitely interested in some
way. This year every scout is asked
to be responsible for securing one
adult to agree to work with him on
the scouts individual garden or on
the troop garden or on the local coun-
ell garden. The adult might be a
scouts father, his brother or his sis
ter's best fellow, his uncle, or indeed
any man who will faithfully stick to
the Job until the crops are harvested.