The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1918-01-04
a. with saving of 1913 he 8

(3)f With saving of 1913 he IS.
Amount of coal used for Ii htins
through gas and electricity, abproxi-
mately, 15,750,000 tons. Amouai
sa.ed, 1,061,000 tons. Percentage
sGved. Sc.
ANY estimate for the whole terri
tory of the United States, such as has
been made above, must proceed up
on many assumptions and eslin ates
That thu estimates which are pre-
sented are Conservative appears
from several circumstances. For in
stance, actual British experience il
the suIJIc. or 1915 den cnGtrated
that the e'tIic current used during
the period Of daylight saving was
reduced by roentages that ranged
from u to S5. I'D the a.,louT:. oil
gas used was euuced by E arceuta gas
rs 10 : as 2. but as high as 20 The
figures d, no. include the savings
in coal which would be Obtained at
isolated" pla, is and at the plants
of electri 1ailM which 81! pow
II for ligh,.ng. Again, the estimate
has b"en madf on a basis Hh,>b as
silEn's that the use of electric energy
and gas for ,t.;nti1g is sp cad even
ly over the couD;ry, whereas as q
matter of fact, the Census Report
for 1912 showed that out of a total
of 76,000,0G0 incandescent lights
wired for e,-r,lct by municinaI and
commercial central stations, 5 !,U;'0.
100 were in the New England Mid
de Atlantic a:d North Central
stats in cther words. wer- IN the
part of the e.. rtry wkers, because
of latitude, Ire advantages of day
light saving will oe most st liking.
The estimate for the results if
daylight saving is used throughout
the year is especially conservative,
nee it includes no estimate for the
saving which would result through
out two winter months when, in eff
feet, morning hour with very mod
crate us eof artificial light. would be
substituted for an evening hour of
maximum artificial illumination. The
saving of coal obtained in this way
cannot be estimated very accurately,
but it apparently would exceed S00,-
600 tons.
The saving of coal through sub
stitution of morning hour of mod
crate artificial illumination for an
evening hour of maximum use of
electricity and gas for lights Illus
trates ways in which very important
savings in coal would be obtained.
Reduction Of the peak load fof
central power stations would have
very important results. To illus
trate the Importance of this item the
situation of the Commonwealth Edi-
son Co., of Chicago, which distrib-
utes approximately one-eighteenth of
the cou-try's total electric energy,
may be taken. The peak load of this
company is needed for no more than
one and one-half hours a day. The
average load is less than so per
cent of the peak. The investment
in equipment to produce the peak is
upwards of one-fourth of the whole
and equals at least S25, 100000; the
cost of carrying this equipment is
$3,250, 900 a year. At Rochester, N.
Y, one-third Of the investment is
said to be necessary to care for the
peak, at a cost per customer per
year of $50. Daylight saving would
fatten the peak, since at the sea-
sons when the yearly peak is now at
tanned (because the greatest demand
for electric transportation and the
maximum use of electric light come
at the same hour), daylight saving
would reduce the requirements of
power for lighting and would at the
same time place the greatest de-
mand for electric transportation far
ther within the hours of natural
light; in other words, daylight saw
ing would tend to separate the two
factors, the concurrence of which
now causes great investment and
large use of coal, and at the same
time would materially reduce one of
those factors. The benefits would
be two-fold. % Saving of coal in
an amount which cannot be accura-
tely estimated, but which would
reach into the hundreds of thou
sands of tons, and (2), postpone