davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20
NOTICE. To PROVE WILL AND NOTICE
TO CREDITORS

MOI ICE To PROVE WILL AND NOTICE
TO CREDITORS
STATE OF WIscoNsrN, COUNTY Court, MANrTo-
woo CouNTY-lS PROBATE
In Re Estate of Michael Kavanaugh, De-
ceased.
NoTIcE Is HEREBY GIVEN, That at the special
term of said court to be held or the End
Tuesday tbeng the 9th day. of July, A. ID. 1918,
at the Court House, in tho City of Manitowoc
County of Mantowoc and State of v isconsin
there will be heard and considered the APP
plication of Ellen kavanaugh to admit to pro-
bate the last VIII and Testament of Michael
Kavanaugh late of the town of Maple Gro, q.
in said County, deceased. and for the appoint
ment of an administrator with Will annexed ,
NOTICE Is HEREBY FURTHER GIVEN, That at
the special Term of said Court to be held at
said Court House, on the third Tuesday, QLeng
the 18th day, of October, A. ID. 1918, there will
be heard, considered and adjusted, all claims
against said Michael Kavanaugh, deceased;
AND NoTIcE Is HEREBY FURTHER GIVEN, That
all such claims for examination and allowance
must be presented to said County Court at the
Court House. in the City of Manitowoc in
said County ard State, on or before the 18th day
of October, A ID. 1918 or be barred.
Dated June 18th, 1918.
By the Court,
JOHN CHLOUPEK,
County Judge.
Kelley x Wyseman, Attorneys
Pub. June Is, ~, ~,
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20

Americans fight like tigers; Com
manders can hardly hold them back;
says the cables. Turn EN- loose! Dog
gon it, and they'll put an end to this
thing.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20
Reality of Aoe.

Age Is not all decay; 1t Is the ripen-
Ing, the swelling Of the fresh life with
In that withers and bursts the husk.---
George Mcdonald.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20
THURSDAY, JUNE 20, 1918

twill cost more to travel this year
than IL has in many years, but then 1t
will also cost more to stay at home.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20

The ounhts and the Others.

"TIow you gettin' on wild y0uah 'rith-
metlc, LouT well, l done learned to
add up de oughts, but de fggers bOdder
me."-BOston Transcript.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20
The Difference.

Boost, don't boast One gets some.
thing, the other doesn't.-Memphis
Commercial Appeal.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20
HUMPHREYS

Humphreys' Homeopathic Remedies are
designed to meet the needs of families or
invalids something that mother, father,
nurse or invalid can take OF. give to meet
the need Of the moment. Have been in
use for over SIXTY YEARS.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20
MANITOWOC MARKET

The following are tn current prices
of the various articles Of produce as re.
ported for the Pilot on June 20, 1918.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20

Optimistic Thought.
A well-goyerned republic is the best
political state in the world.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-06-20

Sold by druggists, or sent on receipt OF price.
Medical Book mailed free.
HUMPHREYS HOMEO. MEDICINE CO.,
Corner William and Ann Streets. New York.
The sun., 1918-09-08

present balloon, and Il was imme-
lately copied by the Germans. This
balloon, named the "Cauuot Type"
after Capt. Oaquot. has stood the
tests of the last two years OF this
war and is still the accepted standard.
The present American and allied
observation balloons are built along
the lines Of the "Caquot." They are
non-rigid and designed to remain
steady In varying winds and to reach
a satisfactory altitude for necessary
observations. The gas bag Is larger
in diameter at the nose or forward
end. which heads into the wind, than
at the tail. 1t is approximately 80 feet
long with n maximum diameter OF
approximately 20 feet and its capacity
is roughly estimated at 1000 cubic
meters, or $4,000 cubic feet. At the
tail of the balloon isi the "rudder,"
which steadies It and keeps It from
rocking and pitching.
Hydrogen gas Is used to give the
power of ascension. The rudder Is
filled with air by the wind alone. the
internal pressure depending entirely
on the velocity OF the wind at diff
ferent attitudes and on weather con-
ditions. A diaphram arrangement in
side the main envelope regulates the
gas pressure. which on account of
leakage and temperature Is constantly
changing. This diaphram helps to
maintain the proper shape at all
times of the non-rigid bag. on which
shape depends the proper funcuoning
Of the balloon.
The United States Government be-
gan its production working on q
sample balloon from the front.
Troubles started at once. The duplica-
ton of a foreign made article was not
as easy as 1t seemed. especially when
production in quantity was necessary.
In the first place the manufacture Of
balloon fabric had been only partially
developed In the United States and II
was difficult TO get the pRper ma.
terial. Nevertheless. ready supply
of the necessary fibre was obtained
and, through cooperation OF the mills
the required number OF looms We're
The sun., 1918-09-08
NEWS OF INTEREST FROM FOREIGN FIEI DS|

risen steadily. Low grade dark Amer!-
can tobacco has gone up from IL cents
TO AZ cents pound and has in addition
to bear enormously increased freight
charges. A light China tobacco, in
great request for blending with better
grade leaf. was purchased before tho
war for IL cents n pound. 1t is now a
dollar pound and is still in demand
for duty.
The anxleties and nervous strain In
separable from a great war are I'M
doubtedly responsible for this Increased
consumption at home. The testimony
from the front is universal that were It
not for generous supplies OF tobacco In
all forms 1t would be impossible for the
men TO stand the strain of continuous
conflict.
The same argument may not unreal
sonably apply, though in lesser degree,
to those at home who by persistent and
unwearying effort are keeping the fight
ing men supplied with all their require
ments In the way Of guns. shells, cloth
ing aad all the other colossal needs of
the greatest war in history.
France and Italy. with less extensive
sources of supply. have been no less en-
thusiastic in their efforts to meet the
tobacco needs Of their soldiers, while
until the raw material gave out II was
part OF the duty of every individual cigar
maker In Germany TO manufacture, free
of cost so far as wages were concerned,
400 cigars within a certain stipulated
period for the use of the Kaiser's troops.
The sun., 1918-09-08
TOBACCO CLASSED
AS WAR MUNITION
All Nations, Even Foes, See
Benefit in Sending Plenty
Of Smokes to Fighters.
.sUN" FUND Is EMULATED
Old Army Customs Recalled
New Departure in Provid-
ing "Luxuries."
Special Correspondents to Tns Sos.

IoSpoN, Aug. l7.-Tobacco is now
a staple munition of war. In the Iron
Dukes time any soldier found drinking
was liable to the severest punishment
and I'D 70 the time OF the Crmean war
tobacco was totally prohibited In any
army. To-day uncountable millions or
cigarettes and hundreds OF tons OF TO-
bacco have been sent out to the armies
lighting on the western front, Saionica'
Italy and Mesopotamia. In the crash
Of larger issues the fact seems to have
escaped the notice II deserves-this war
Ys the first great conflict in history whlch
has been fought on tobacco.
In all previous wars the nations en-
gagged have concerned themselves in
n more or less generous spirit with
food, equipment and material. but rarely
90 any appreciable extent with the lux
nrfes" Of the fighters. In the present
war public and private agencies have
been at work since the outset In all
the beiligerent countries to provide the
,Den with little extras. and the cher OF
these has been tobacco. THE SUN To
,acco Fund alone has sent more than
S25O.000 in cigars, cigarettes' tobacco
TO American troops
Tn Britain the provision made IN this
respect by the army authorities was
promptly supplemented by the public
working through special funds or
5 through newspaper organizations, which
made IL their business to see that the
men who were lighting were duly sup
MED with adequate allowances OF to-
bacco in all forms.
The combined results OF efforts In
which the general public has taken the
keenest and most generous interest has
been the despatch to the various fronts
of an incessant supply Of smokes. OF
all descriptions.
So far as the British army is con-
cerned, all this tobacco or practically
ali Of II. goes out TO four or 1--WE millioni
Of men duty free. but It Is a significant
circumstance that despite this fact and
also despite the fact that successive In
,.reases during the war have brought
this duty from, roughly, 81 to s2.5C
a pound, the consumption OF duty paid
tobacco still has gone on increasing.
Apart from these enhancements OF th'
duty, the cost OF production also hal
The sun., 1918-09-08
SILENCES A BRITISH
CRITIC OF u. S. MEN
Tommy Tells of His Expert
ences at Front.
Special Correspondence 10 Tnx srvs

LONDON, Aug. IA critic OF the APP
pearance OF the American soldiers met
his match in the train tho other day.
He was commenting on the raw ap-
pearance Of the boys who had taken
part in ceremonial when one of two
Britons in khaki who were home on
short leave was unable to contain him
self
Hold hard, mister" he exclaimed
''lt,r seem to know precious little about
the Sanks II those men were trained
do you think they would be here? Not
much. They're raw. But II they're any
thing like the stuff we've got over there
this war won't last much longer.
Me and my mate were tho only two
Brtishers in our trench. The others
were all Americans, fifty OF them. As
soon as they came they said TO me and
my mate: See that dugout? In you
get. You've done your work It's our
turn now
And We hadn't half time till we
came away. Those chaps couldn't do
too much for us. And don't tell US they
don't know their business. II you'd seen
the way they lined that trench and
handled their tools and went over the
top you'd alter your tune, my boy"
The sun., 1918-09-08

with wearing a felt hat on this most
official state occasion. Hitherto the silk
hat has been regarded as an indispens-
able part of ceremonial civilian male
attire in France because II was the cor
rect thing in England, which sets mas
culine fashions in France.
IF the English themselves abandon
the tube remarks tine intrdnsi0ednt.
at will have lost its last friend. SO
be it. We shall not grieve for the silk
hat; II has made us suffer enough. Its
day Is over. De profundis"
Was there an intention behind the
wearing Of that hat by a parsonage no
less than Lloyd George?" asked L'Ocupre
perhaps the wittiest Of French daily
newspapers Certainly there was an
Intention behind that hat" it says. THE
intention to protest with US against the
abominable tyranny OF the antique and
solemn stovepipe. One knows the
Premier has the habit OF these bold
semi-revolutionary demonstrations. We
cannot too strongly congratulate him on
this one. Down with the top hat!
The sun., 1918-09-08

OFF by allied planes before it could get
any nearer.
In order to make use OF the balloon
for, war purposes the Government
practically had to revive dead indus
try. Uncle Sans army balloons, like
he European war types. are not Of the
Spherical variety which some Of us
may have seen at circuses and fairs;
IN fact they are not free balloons at
all. but captive balloons staked to the
earth and shaped something like q
great legless elephant, from which they
take their name.
Since free balloon after leaving the
ground is controlled entirely by wind
currents. its use for observation pur-
poses is nil. The same Is true also of
the old spherical balloon, held captive
by n strong cable, which acts exactly
as does a toy circus balloon on string.
bobbing and swaying from point to
point. never remaining quiet long
enough to permit any sort OF observa-
ton.
1t was therefore necessary to de-
sign special balloon for observation
purposes, something that would re-
main steady and on an even keel.
Some years ago Germany developed q
fairly satisfactory yet somewhat
treacherous balloon. France and Eng
land also conducted balloon expert
ments but the old German Drachen
balloon dominated the field. In the
United States the only work done
was by one manufacturing concern.
On the Mexican border in 1916 the
United States Army had only one To-
cally designed captive balloon, which
was a gift to National Guard bat
terry. So at the beginning Of the
present war there was no really salts
factory observation balloon in the
army. and abroad anti-aircraft gun
merry had improved SO rapidly that
German Drachens. as well as other
types, were not able to reach a safe
height near the lines nor the required
altitude for observation far behind
the firing line.
Capt. Caquot of the French army
was the person who developed the
The sun., 1918-09-08

'''N'' ~SP'''s"'' ~ NS'h'''t'NN
adjusted. After a necessarily slow
beginning the manufacture of proper
cloth was begun in quantity.
The industry was new aud speed
was essential. and before the manu-
featuring process had been very long
in operation 1t was found necessary
to bring over from France n number
work as instructors with Americans.
Besides an efficient labor organiza-
ton other things required in balloon
factories were plenty of free and open
floor space. plenty of light and
complete absence of dust and dirt. All
these things had 10 be. obtained and
the only way 1t was done was by
sacrificing other lines of business. This
took some time. but when the balloon
schools in the United States called
for balloons they did not have to wait.
AS school developments and increases
took place, and as balloon companies
arrived overseas the balloons neces-
sary were on hand. To-day the United
States has equipped her own army and
In addition is in a position to help
supply her allies as well. And equip
ping an army with balloons means
more than the original supply. II In
cludes also the replenishment supplies
to keep pace with losses by fire, ac-
cidents. enemy airplanes and artillery,
or what not.
The life Of n balloon at the front is
variously estimated at from one hour
to several months. depending entirely
on weather conditions and the accu-
racy and persistency of the enemy air.
planes and anti-balloon gunners. In
camps in the United States the aver
age effective life of a balloon may be
said to be four or five months. barring
accidents.
Handling balloon in the field has a
great deal to do with its life. and vice
versa the success OF balloon COM
pany depends on balloon construction.
In camps in the United States the
average effective life of a balloon COM
pany depends on balloon construction.
In the case of balloon crew on the
ground. the observer in the basket and
The sun., 1918-09-08

As we have seen recently. Germany has
so little tobacco left that beech leaves
and other substitutes have had TO he
used to supply tho demand. the result
being disastrous consequences in the
health OF the men.
England's chief source OF supply has,
Of course. been the United States.
though r. certain amount OF leaf has
also come from India, Borneo. Java and
elsewhere. With the enormous number
OF men called for the American army.
however. the adequate working of the
great tobacco plantations in tho States
may soon become an extremely difficult
problem. Even as It is, imports have
been decreasing in 80 marked a degree
that the bonded stocks OF tobacco In
Britain have become dangerously de-
pleted,
The sun., 1918-09-08
Dead Industry Re-
vived in u. S. to
Meet Deman
for w ar OBJ
servers Many
Accessories Used
in Equipping
Great Gasbags.

r TP to few years ago in the pub
lie mind all balloons were as
ISOLATED with parachute jump
ers, county fairs and circuses. They
were used very much like their rival,
the old sideshow full OF freaks, solely
TO draw n crowd. To-day Uncle Sam
Is making balloons and training their
operators for distinctly another pur-
pose. The unsainly old balloon of cir
Gus days is now "a rival of its smarter
and more modern brother, the airplare,
On the job OF being eyes for the army
and navy.
Swinging far aloft at the end OF n
cable these ELEPHANTS" rs they are
row called, support trained observers
who by means Of powerful field glasses
and telephones give range and direc-
ton to batteries. These in turn with
well directed shots put enemy bat
teries out Of business and break I'D in :
rantry forming for attack. The most
accurate information. OF course, can
he given from a stationary point, such
as hill or treetop, the higher this
point, UP to q certain limit, the better.
Therefore a stationary balloon four or
five thousand feet in the air is an
ideal place for TN observer.
So Uncle Sans parachute Jumpers
nre being instructed to-day, not as en-
tertainers to draw and thrill crowds
by leaps from the clouds" but for
their own personal safety and the
NJ
elevations when a shell or an enemy
airplane rips their balloon and they
have to jump. For although their bal,
loon may be destroyed the men In the
basket usually come safely to earth
End bring their maps and photographs
with them. 1t Is a life full of excite
ment these men Of the balloon CORES
lead and to be q member one has TO
have plenty of nerve, courage and dar-
ing in his makeup.
Aviators take of their hats to the
balloon men. One recently returned
American air pilot told Of an adventure
he had on a trial trip In q balloon
how interested he was becoming In the
work Of the observer as the latter ex.
planned the great panorama out
stretched below him; when suddenly
the balloon man interrupted his talk
TO see that his parachute straps were
o. K. climbed to the edge OF the has
ket and shouted: BEAT #. Follow
met" and disappeared over the side
The aviator said he took one look a,
the windlass pulling the balloon &c
earth below. another at the oncoming
enemy plane. and said to himself, mo,
for mine" He said he did not have the
courage to Jump and did not. For
tunately the enemy plane was beaten
The sun., 1918-09-08

the artillery officers still further away.
the problem is to transmit the or
ders and information accurately and
quickly. In the balloon game these
communications are maintained by
means Of the telephone. The tele-
phone wire is sometimes a separate
cable. but the latest apparatus has the
telephone wire in the centre OF the
main cable. This is a specially
stranded quarter inch steel cable.
The windlass by which the cable
and the balloon are controlled is
mounted on truck which can travel
even while the balloon is in the air.
Also originally OF French invention,
the construction Of this apparatus has
been undertaken by American COM
panies. The observers in the basket,
which is suspended from the balloon
by means Of special rigging, are each
equipped with parachute, which, is
used only in case OF an emergency,
such as the balloon being exploded or
set on fire by the enemy. II such an
emergency does arise the observer has
only time to drop over the edge of the
basket. The parachute attached TO
him opens after a sufficient descent to
clear the burning balloon, which is
also falling. and he comes gently to
earth. This safety device has so far
worked splendidly
Many other accessories had TO be
specially developed for this balloon
service. The production of hydrogen
and the necessary equipment was a
big problem, involving work along
many angles; first, the gas itself, in
Guiding field generators and main
supply stations; secondly. containers
for shipping and storage purposes and
methods OF transferring the gas from
the containers to the balloon.
Along with the production of bal
! looms the necessary inspection was a
factor not overlooked. In this con-
nection the best balloon talent known
to the Allies came forward. stepped
into the harness and built up the pres
ent organization, which passes on all
| the army balloons manufactured in
! the United States.
The sun., 1918-09-08
CARRY YOUR OWN LUNCH,
BECOMING RULE MLONDON
War Rationing and Monotonous Menus Revive Custom
Which Flourished Before the Days
of the Tea Shop.

passengers on the morning trains carry
ing neat little bag or case which OBJ
viously contains nothing but lunrn.
Every department store now stocks
cases for the purpose. Many of the
cases are modelled on business looking
lines. One is being shown made OF pig
skin fitted with lock and two keys. 1t
Is like the tea basket OF the pre-war
days, There are receptacles for sugar.
butter and tea ami bottle marked
'Milk''-posslbly this will be used to
hold spirits--and tin case for sand
wiehes
The sun., 1918-09-08

French women are already At work on
the land They wear a uniform similar
to that OF the British women, but the !,
brsssard has a tricolor badge instead
of the crown. The Belgium section
brassard shows the national emblem.
In some cases these women work IN
the same gangs with the British. but as
far as possible they are grouped to-
gether according to nationality.
The sun., 1918-09-08

A Sale of Ribbons at 29c. and 39c. Yd.
- ' street Floor. East Building
Mems Tan Shoes, S4.95 Pair
Third Floor. Mems Shop, Hoyt Street
Postage Saving Writing Paper 10 sheets ior &c
lbs Unpublished Rice, SIC. u, S. Food Admins
traion License No. 0307S ,r... ,u,,,,.
Mans Cotton Socks l9c. Pair.
Street Floor. East Building.
Mems Balbriggan Underwear SOC.
- Street Floor. East Building.
Mems Paiamas, $50; 49,, n,,,,,,r
Glove Boxes at 49c., were Soc. TO CSC.
Third Floor, Central Building,
Mans Handkerchieis; all-linen, initiated, 25c.,
from soc Street Floor Central Building.
Hemmed Sheets, 81. ~ each, from SO. As.
Subway Floor, West Building.
Linen Covered Albums at S5c., from 81 90
Street Floor Livingston Street, Central Building.
Havana Cigars, $3.50 box OF 90 - Co..
Dress Gingharns, 29c. Yd., from SOC.
Subway Floor. West Building.
Silyer-P Plated Mesh Bags at S3.45, regularly 81 go
90 "a ak Street Floor. Central Building.
Misses Pom Pom Coats, ss7.9s. n,n,,
\ Second Floor, Central Building.
Women's Sweaters, special at $3.50
Second Floor, Central Building,
American Lady and A. & S. Corsets at 81 40.
.Second Floor East Building.
Maids Black Dresses at 81 90 to S7.4S.
Balcony Central Building.
The sun., 1918-09-08
LUXURY TAX PLAN FAILED.
English Government Unwilling TO
Jeopardize Renewal Chances.

specIdI CONTEMPORARIES 20 THE SuN.
LONDON, Aug. 1T.-Astute politicians
are proclaiming their belief that the
luxury taxes will not ind their way to
the statute book during the life OF the
present Parliament.
Their chief argument 10 that no Gov
eminent on the point OF expiration and
anxious to secure another lease OF office
will teopardize Its chances of success by
clapping on the burdens Of the taxpayers
an extra load
The sun., 1918-09-08
Special Correspondence 10 Tns Sex

LONDON. Aug. 17.-People are reviving
the practice of carrying their lunches to
the City with them. a custom which vir-
tuaiiy was universal In tho days before
the tea shop became a cult.
The limitations OF the meatless menu.
with its ever recurring vegetable pie or
fish cakes and the general want of origi-
nality in the manufacture OF vegetarian
dishes on the part OF the restaurant
cooks. have been largely responsible for
the revival OF the custom.
II 10 now quite common TO see many
The sun., 1918-09-08
LLOYD GEORGE SET
NEW HAT FASHION
His Gray Trilby Causes SEN
sation on Paris Boulevard.
Special Correspondence TO The srS

Special Correspondence 10 The sus.
PARIS. Aug. l6.-The gray Trilby hat
that Lloyd George appeared IN here re-
Gently has become the talk of the boule-
It seems ohave caused SEN
sation, especially as Lord Derby and
Baron Sonnino have also been credited
The sun., 1918-09-08
LAND ARMY FOREIGN LEGION.
English Movement EnIists French
ana Belgian Women.

Special Correspondence 10 THE suH.
LONDON. Aug. 1.-THE land army now
has foreign legion. "A number of