davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
Put No Escape
~ From Discipline

The advocacy Of accounting and con-
troll to increase the productivity of labor
IN the Lenine pronouncement is equally
interesting. He declares that the slo-
gan, keep accurate and conscientious
accounts; conduct business economically;
do not loaf; do not steal; maintain strict
discipline at work." which have always
been ridiculed by revolutionary Social
lists, have now become an urgent and
practical slogan. He tells his followers
that "without thorough state accounting
and control of production and distrbu-
ton the authority of the toilers, and
their freedom, cannot last, and a return
to the yoke of capitalism is inevitable
More definitely he announces eve
should Immediately introduce piece work
and try it out in practice. We should
try out every scientific and progressive
suggestion of the Taylor system; we
should compare the earnings with the
general total of production or the ex-
ploitation results of railroad and water
transportation and so on" He goes even
so far as to concede that the effort to
increase the productivity of labor
through such measures will require the
use of compulsion so that the slogan of
the dictatorship of the proletariat should
not be weakened by the practice of a too
mild proletarian government" In this
connection he offers vigorous defence
of the courts, as essential to the rule
of the proletarat and the maintenance
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
The Soviet Machine
u at Work

The Soviet government, which was es-
tablished through the successful Boil
shevist revolution of November, 1917, is
based on series of popular assemblies,
local, provincial and central. There is a
joint Soviet of soldiers and workers
deputies in every town, the principle Of
representation being one representative
to every 500 population. The various
wards in the towns also have Sovlets.
The representatives are elected by equal
suffrage and secret ballot. There is full
right of immediate recall on the part of
constituents. The representation in the
Soviet thus registers the changing senti-
ment or mood of the masses of the popu-
lation Above the local Soviets of the
towns and the villages, some of which
have peasant Soviets, stand the Soviets
OF the provinces and counties. Finally.
there is the central All-Russian Con-
gress Of Soviets, which is made up of
delegates from the provincial Soviets,
elected in proportion Of one delegate to
every 25,000 population. The All-Rus-
sian Soviet elects a central executive
committee of about three hundred mem
bers, which is the Parliament of Russia.
This parliament in turn elects Peoples
Commissars, who constitute the Cabinet
or Ministry. The chairman of the Com
missars is Nikola Lenine, who thus plays
the role Of Prime Minister.
The emphasis in the work of the Soviet
government is placed on what is termed
an economic government"- is. the
organization and management of indus
try-rather than on purely political ad-
ministration.
The economic government" is super
vised by a Council of Public Welfare.
This is a body of experts, selected for
their preeminence in the different fields
Of industry. The membership of the
council includes, for example, the leading
experts in electrical engineering, indus
trial chemistry, textile manufacture,
steel fabrication and so on. The utiliza-
tion of technical experts in the Russian
socialistic organization is perhaps it's
most distinctive and significant feature
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
lizard Going for
IL IL Revolutions Here

Not only are the chaotic conditions of
governmental and industrial organiza-
ton, which gave Bolshevism it's oppor-
tunity in Russia, not present in the
United States, but there are certain fac
tors at work here which must tend to
block the path of Bolshevism on this side
Of the Atlantic. The nation has lust
emerged from the conduct of a brilliantly
successful war. The national mood
made jubilant and exultant by victory, is
not likely to be hospitable or receptive
to revolutionary foreign propaganda
The countries in which Bolshevism has
thus far made its great gains were all
losers in the great war. There can be no
doubt that in Germany chagrin of defeat
is a potent factor in the present drift
toward revolutionary socialism. In de-
feated country social revolution follows
naturally as the aftermath of an un-
successful war. In this country the high
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01

of proper training in discipline. "There
is" he states, "a lack of appreciation Of
the simple and obvious fact that, if the
chief misfortunes of Russia are famine
and unemployment, these misfortunes
cannot be overcome by any outbursts of
enthusiasm, but only by thorough and
universal organization and discipline, in
order to increase the production of bread
for men and fuel for industry, to trans
port it in time and to distribute it in the
right way. That therefore responsibility
for the pangs Of famine and unemploy-
ment falls on every one who violates the
labor discipline in any enterprise and in
any business. That those who are re-
sponsible should be discovered, tried and
punished without mercy"
1t appears from these remarkable ut
terances of Lenine that socialism, con-
fronted in Russia for the first time with
the problem of industrial organization
and administration, has been forced to
resort to the same measures for maintain
ing social order and discipline which the
Socialists have assailed so bitterly when
applied under the present system. The
critics of socialism have often declared
that attempts to realize it must result
either in the breakdown of the industrial
machinery from the lack of sufficient mo-
tt .es for productive effort on the part of
workers or in the establishment of an
;,+o ,,,It ,o1
reasoned that if the great economic mo-
tive Of desire for gain and the stimulus
of competition were removed men could
be kept at work only by calling into play
on great scale the motive of fear of
punishment, applied by rigorous compul
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01

elation Of military success is a psycho-
logical barrier to the importation of Boil
shevist doctrines.
1t is not to be forgotten, moreover,
that the American spirit has always
been hostile to revolutionary socialism.
The average American instinctively pre-
fers the principles of private property
and private enterprise, individual init
ative and individual independence, per
sonal freedom and personal responsible
ity, upon which our present social order
are founded, to the theories of public
ownership, collective control and social
responsibility which lie at the basis of
socialism. In the past, moreover, Amer
leans have been too prosperous in the
main to pay much attention to schemes
Of social reconstruction. In the last two
decades, to be sure, the rise of the cost
OF living and the consequent unrest have
made favorable opportunity for Social.
lst propaganda.
The increase in the Socialist vote az
successive elections registered the effect
of these conditions. In the recent cleo
ton, however, the Socialist vote receded
to marked extent. Every one of the
twelve Socialists who ran for Congress
IN New York City was defeated and the
only Socialist member of Congress run
ming for reelection was rejected by an
emphatic majority. In the country at
large only one Socialist candidate for
Congress was successful. Thus far So
clalism in this country has made no SUBJ
stantlal progress toward convincing the
American people of the expedency and
justice OF its programme and capturing
the political power for its realization.
which, according to Lenine, are the two
preliminary goals of the revolutionary
Socialist movement.
Another obstacle in the path Of Boil
shevism in this country is the powerful
influence of the majority of the Amer
lean Federation of Labor and its great
national leaders, Samuel Gompers, John
Mitchell and others. Socialism has failed
IN repeated efforts to capture the annual
convention of the American Federation
OF Labor, and until it takes this strong
hold 1t can hardly make any real prog
ress toward the conquest of American
voters at large.
Finally, the influence of the Church,
both Catholic and Protestant, must be
set down as another powerful deterrent
to the expansion of Bolshevism in
America. There is probably no country
IN which the Church exercises so direct
and potent an influence on public opinion
and political programmes as it does in
the United States. The Catholic Church
has conducted an organized and well di
rected propaganda against socialism.
The various Protestant bodies are
equally antagonistic to its teachings
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
IL of Order

The foregoing brief survey discloses
that the economic conditions in this coun-
try, the national mood emanating from
successful war, the instructive tendency
OF the American people, the attitude Of
organized labor and the influence of the
great religious denominat.o ons are all NJ
favorable to The spread of Bolshevisro
In vew of these conditions it seems most
UNLIKELY that the Bolshevist movement
IN this country will spread to any notable
extent or with any alarming rapidity.
In conclusion, it may be pertinent to
offer word of suggestion or caution re-
gardlng the policy that should be adonted
by the government and its officials. na-
tlonal and state, in dealing with Bo]sbe-
Vlsm- In the first place, a policy of de-
nunclatlon, persecution and suppression
would defeat its own object and would
tend to provoke the growth of the move
ment rather than to retard it. A. revo-
Iutlonary movement thrives on il-ad-
vlsed attempts to exterminate il The
surest way to promote the growth Of
such a movement is to create for II a
pody or martyrs. In place of such a
poicy we need one of wise federation. in
harmony with the democratic prjncinles
OF free speech, free press, free discus
sion and free criticism In the second
place, measures of legislation should he
enacted promptly which Will make for =
reasonable equalization and Improvement
Of social conditions for the masses Of the
population. A comprehensive programme
of social insurance, which viii sunnle-
ment the accident insurance provided by
workmen's compensation laws, with pro-
visions for sickness, invaliditv. old age
and, possibly, unemployment Insurance
IS of the first Importance here. An
equitable distribution of the tax burden.
national, state and local, is also funda-
mental. If the right policy with respect
to the treatment of revolutionary prona-
ganda and the enactment of social lep;s-
lation shall prevail in this country. rho
menace of Bolshevsm. which now looms
on the national horizon, viii prove to + .
only passing phase of the aftermath OF
the world war.
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01

AS vitality essential to the solution of
this problem he urges two things: First,
the need of employing experts, and, sec
ond, the Importance of strict universal
accounting and control of production and
distribution with view to increasing
the productivity of labor.
With respect to the employment of ex-
perts he states: "Without the direction
Of specialists of different branches of
knowledge, technic and experience, the
Transformation toward socialism is i'm
possible, for socialism demands a higher
productivity of labor in comparison with
capitalism and on the basis which has
been attained by capitalism"
In this connection he justifies the pay
ment Of very high remuneration for the
services of "the biggest of the bourgeois
specialists" at least during the transi-
tion period. This is extremely signif-
cant. The leader of Russian socialism,
confronted with the task of industrial
organization and management, has been
forced to recognize the truth, hitherto
1aiy overlooked or ignored by So
clallsts, that talent and genius will hard
ly render their Indispensable services to
society If deprived of their proportion
ately high rewards. The policy of the
Soviet government in this respect has
been criticised and attacked both out
side and inside the Socialist ranks But
Lenlne declares: eve will go ahead try
ing very cautiously and patiently to test
and discover real organizers. people with
sober minds and practical sense who
combine loyalty to socialism with ability
to organize quietly (and in spite of con-
fusion and noise) efficient and harmo-
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
Eeatures of Capitalism
H. Drawn In

The impression prevails generally in
this country that Bolshevism is wholly
destructive movement, which spends it.
self in killing, wrecking and pillaging..
But the movement has also it's construc-
tive phase, which should not be over
looked by any one who wishes to under
stand it thoroughly and appraise it fair
ly In statement concerning the prob
lens and the aims of the Soviet govern
ment issued recently by Nikolai Lenine,
under the title of "The Soviets at Work"
the problem of construction is empha-
sized as the most important and difficult
task confronting the new government.
He distinguishes three problems which
the Bolshevist party had to meet. The
first lay in convincing the majority of
the population that its programme and
policies were correct. The second was
the conquest of political power and the
suppression of resistance of the sup
porters of the old regime. The third
problem. which he characterized as the
most urgent, was to organize the man.
agement of Russia. cat present." he
says, "this has become the central
problem. We, the Bolshevik party, have
convinced Russia. We have won Russia
from the rich for the poor, from the ex-
ploiters for the toilers. And now it is
I'D to US to manage Russia"
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
THE Demands
Il of Bolshevisnn

Boshevism stands for the immediate
inauguration Of socialism. The term
Bolshevism was first used in 1903 at a
convention of the Russian Social Demo
cratic party, when upon a test vote the
party divided between the majority and
the minority. The majority party was
nicknamed the "Bolshevik" and the
minority the "Menshevik," the terms be-
ing derived from the Russian words Boil
shlnstvo and Menshinstvo, meaning, re-
spectlvely, majority and minority.
Prior to the rise of Bolshevism. the
Socialist movement throughout Europe
had taken on a somewhat moderate, op-
portunist character. The leaders of the
majority Socialist party in the different
states pursued a policy of compromise
and cooperation with other political
parties and with existing institutions
The socialism that they represent was
evolutionary and educational in charac-
ter. They admitted that the masses
were not yet ready for the introduction
OF the socialized organization of industry
and believed that the establishment of
socialism must wait upon a process of
educational and preparatory propaganda.
The BolsheWsts rejected this Fabian
'ype Of socialism. They demanded that
Fne soclaistic state be installed at once;
VnaC the ownership of land and capital be
transferred Immediately from the exist
ing proprietors to the working masses,
ana that revolutionary tactics be substi-
'uted for educational propaganda and
political compromise.
The Bolshevist programme has actual
" been carried into effect, at least in
large part, throughout Russia. 1t is not
generally known that to-day the indus
'ries OF Russia are already socialized; that
private capital has been appropriated,
and that both manufacture and agricult-
ure are conducted by organizations Gre
aed and controlled by workers them
selves.
ihe process by which the transition
rom the capitalistic to the socialistic
.Sslme took place in Russia is extremely
a'eresting. The movement started
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
By F. Spencer Baldwin

Manager of the State Insurance Fatnd,
NeW York State Industrial Commission
Ut REQUIRES degree of assurance
bordering on effrontery to attempt
any social forecast or prediction in
times like the present. Things are
happening so fast, changes are following
so rapidly one upon the heels of another,
upheavals in the social order are so fire.
quent and recurrent, that he who would
play the role of a sociological prophet
finds the task one of enormous difficult
ties. Herbert Spencer once remarked
that no one is wise enough to prescribe
the course that society will take; in these
days no one is wise enough even to guess
at it with any feeling of confidence Ac-
cordingly, this effort to appraise roughly
some of the conditions, tendencies and
indications that may throw light on the
prospects of a Bolshevist uprising in the
United States is submitted with no pre-
tension to scientific accuracy and tinallty.
Before considering the question as to
the likelihood of the spread of the Boil
shevist movement in this country, it may
be we'll to inquire precisely what Boil
shevism is. There seems to be deal of
ignorance and misapprehension concern
ing this subject on the part of Ameri-
cans. In general. Bolshevism is simply
a Russian phase of revolutionary SOCIAL
ism. The essence of socialism is the pro
posal to substitute for the present indus
trial system, based on private ownership
ofcaptal, individual enterprise and per-
sonal responsibility for the maintenance
of ones self and family, new order
founded on the collective ownership of
all material instruments Of production
and distribution, public enterprise and
social responsibility for the maintenance
of all individuals brought into the world.
The Socialists propose that private COM
peting capital shall be transformed into
one collective social capital. The wealth
produced through socialized industry
would then be distributed according to
some fixed standard or principle of re-
muneration, not by way of free competi-
ton as at present. Concerning the
method of distribution that should be
adopted Socialists are not agreed, some
favoring equality, either absolute or ap-
proximate others advocating remunera-
ton according to services rendered, and
others favoring the apportionment of the
social product according to needs Under
a socialistic regime all railroads and
other agencies of transportation and
communication, all factories, farms and
mines all banks, mercantile establish
ments and insurance companies would be
owned and operated by the state, or So
ciety, acting through agencies created
for this purpose, and all workers would
be employed and remunerated by such
collective agencies.
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01
American Industry Never More Ably
and Fairly Run--Poor Soil for
Post War Unrest and Ferment

sion to work. This criticism finds strik-
ing confirmation in the Lenine plea for a
socialistic dictatorship. 1t remains to be
seen whether the rank and file of his fol-
lowers will stand for the sort of compul-
sorry industrial regime that he advocates.
New-York tribune., 1918-12-01

nious joint work of large number of
people under the Soviet organization"
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1918-04-12
TALK OF THE TOWN

Special values in Ahbott's bargain
! basement.
Regular meeting of I. o. O. L., NJ L.,
Friday night at o'clock. Refreshments
served.
Alfred Mcleod left last night for New
York to pass the remainder of the week
with friends,
Manager Kenneth McRae Of the Union
Dry Goods store was a business visitor
in Burlington yesterday and to-day.
David Blendehn, who has been visit.
ing friends on North Seminary street
returned early this morning to his home
in New York.
Victor Stacy of Maple avenue left yes.
terday for Rouses Point, n. Y, where
be is to be one of party of lake fish
ermen for few days.
School Commissioner Joseph Comolli
Of Foster street wishes to state that he
is not the j. Comoli who has filed appli,
cation for first class liquor license.
"Au Revoir but Not Goodbye, Soldier
Boy" by the Peerless quartet, and II
other good April Victor records. on sale
al Bsiley's Music Rooms, IA Elm street,
Barre.
Tidings from Lieut.. Howard h Reid,
who was commissioned in the dental
corps Of the L. ). navy while practicing
his profession in the Miles block, indi-
cate that he il now stationed at the ma
val station Paris island, S. G. He is
much impressed by his surroundings, and
states that the service men attached to
the station are mostly marines. Re
Gently he visited the national cemetery |
at Beaufort, S. G., near by, where many |
Vermonters who died in the Civil war
are buried
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1918-04-12
WORCESTER

| Charles Wright and son, Gilbert, from
Plsttsburg, n. Y, are guests of Mr., and
Mrs, Charles Cane.
Il. Il. Kellogg is carrying the scholars
up the branch.
J. H. Flower, the teacher in the cor
ner school, his wife and two children are
boarding at Frank Kings.
Mrs. Ernest Gray is improving in
health. Mr.. and Mrs. Gray were CRATE
full for the kindness shown them during
Mrs. Grays illness.
Schools in town began April s with
Mr.. Flower from Hartland as teacher
in the upper room, Mrs. Fred Howeson
in the lower room, Miss Gibson from
Meriden, Conu., on Minister brook, Miss
Edna St John from Marshfeld on
Hampshire hill, Miss Ruth Lipsey from
Graniteville in the Wheeler district, Miss
Margaret Pike from Waterbury in the
high school,
Forrest Gray is quite sick.
Jerry Bolton, who is on the L. S. s.
Florida, wishes to thank the friends who
remembered his birthday by sending LEI.
tiers and cards Jerry is in French wat
ers now. He was 20 years old March Is
A son was born March 81 to Mr.. and
Mrs. Fred Witham.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1918-04-12
Who VIII Claim Them?

Letters remaining uncalled for at the
Barre postoffice for the week ending
April II. were
Men-Bernard =. Buzzell, Ernes;
Dwenyouh. Alexander : Even, G. ".
Graves. Levi Joyal. Ernest Robinson, n.
i. Stone. Amedie Tanvuay.
Women Mrs. Fritz Cummings, Mary
Bridge; Dillon. Mrs. Lucy Cadv. Miss
Ruth Murray. Ms Maggie Wright, LIS
l.. Timmons
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1918-04-12
TALK OF THE TOWN

New lot of coats at Abbotts.
Cut price piano sale now on at Bailey's
Music Rooms, IA Elm street. Buy now
and save SOS.
Mrs. Bernard Brink and son of Groton
have been spending several days with
relatives in Barre and vicinity.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1918-04-12

We wi.h 90 thank ~ who assisted y,
in any way IL our bereavement. also fot
the horsl tributes.
Mr.. and Mrs George ". Downing.
Mrs. W. q. Hufchinsau.
Washinzton. ~.
Washington telegraph., 1918-03-22


Story Ten h.
Blevins, Joyce Steays(
place; Hope (Garlanre "
Carlton, End place; Washgl
ton, Kate Mullins, 3rd place.
High School Reading
Washington, jolly Amonette,
1st place; Rocky Mound, June
Monts, End place; Hope Spec
ial, Bessie Prescott, 3rd place.
Grammar School Reading
Hope (Garland) Willis; Hope
Special, Frances Black, End
place; Blevins, Matte Lee
Ames, 3rd place.
High School DecIdmdtOiH
Washington, Claude Webb,
1st place; Rocky Mound, Fred
Hunt, End place.
High School Defamation
Washington, Claude Webb,
1st place; Rocky Mound, Fred
Hunt, End place.
Grammar School Defamation
Washington, Howard Byers,
1st place.
Spelling
Washington, Ora Mullins, 1st
place; Hope Special, Della
Coffee, 2nd place; Rocky
Mound, Fred Hunt, 3rd place.
Fourth Grade Arithmetic
Columbus, John Wilson, Isl
place; Hope Spec'l 2nd place
Blevins, 3rd place.
Fifth Grade Arithmetic
Columbus, Edna Deloney, Is
place; Blevins, End place; Hop,
Special, Bird place.
Sixth Grade Arithmetic
Columbus, Clara Downs, Is
place; Hope (Garland) 2nt
place; Blevins, 3rd place.
SeUeRth Grade arithmetic
Blevins or Columbus, Is
place; Hope (Garland) 2n
place; Washington, Valre
Parsons, 3rd place.
Map DrdJUiRg
, Hope (Garland) Lynda Lam
Washington telegraph., 1918-03-22
Duu rNUUr rurHrurS

Luke Monroe has shown this
office an Irish potato that
grows underground, making no
top at all, and the only way to
know there are potatoes below
is to go after them. The potato
bug sits on the fence and sings
the swan song while the pota-
toes grow under ground as if
no such thing as a bug was ev-
er heard of. The parent potato
shown us, which Mr.. Monroe
says was planted in December,
had nine young ones, varying
in size from a sweepstake to a
middle man. Anyone who does
not believe this can see the old
potato and her nine young ones
at this office.