davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23
sreFANssoN ARRIVED AT SEATTLE FRIDAY
Special to the Nugget bSy Associated Press:

 the andy d welcome waiting explained flure by the Sefnsson will of rom
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23
AUSTRIAN PEACE OFFER STILL HOLDS GOOD
spcovI to the Nugget By Associated Press

AMSTERDAM $ of Vienna replies cation been received hence will official y F. ccc
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23
BELGIAN RELIEF STEAMER ATTACKED BY HUNS
special to the Nugget by Associated Press:

Special O Nugget Associated
 COTENHAGEN Thursday Norwegian Hjoron in of outside destruction y rlridn The arrive hcrcso
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23

snc-LaI to lhe Noaaet by Inc Associated Press

WASHINGTON Thursday General announced uon hat administration has planned four million 'I hun Al lc mtlon hundred thousand W
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23

Special to the Nuaaet by he Associated Press.

 a allies decided peace ..nF Foreign Minister
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23
AMERICAN FLYER ADDS TO LAURELs
special to the Nugget by Associated Press:

THE AMERICAN FORCES FIINNCE, Frid1y Itckenlch credited downing Va planes he
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23
ReDFELD RECOMMENDS ESTABLISHMENT OF IMMENSE CANAL
 SYSTEM
spc. ial to lhe Nuanct by lhe Associated Press.

the Nugget by Associated Press.  establishment a
  am . lnI lL-n2raon Of wilde benefit to the section. mvol1ol
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23

10 Get the NEWS of the World you MUST Read the NUGGET
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23
GERMANS DISCUSSING SOCIALIST PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNMENT
Special to the Nugget By Associated Pres.

AMSTERDAM, Saturday Sept 2-'cnan newspapers seriously ne demands Socialists that they be permitted active particle Iat n of he leading demands the strnrit should be reasonable putting Socialists office
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23

NUGGET BEST NEWS SERVICE on
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23
FIRE ALARM SIGNALS

Engine House, Phone Main 97. I whistles water .. ...... dre out
Nome tri-weekly nugget., 1918-09-23

Subscribe New for the Nome Nuoss,
The sun., 1918-09-29

$1.75 to So a day when the war broke
out. They are now receiving so cents an
hour, 20 cents for overtime, 81 for Sun
days, and their pay ranges from $50 to
$65 a week.
Skilled ship workers are to-day receiv-
ing IS cents an hour. They are demand
ing 81 an hour and double pay for over
time.
The striking Bridgeport maehinists
were awarded IS cents an hour and asked
so cents an hour.
Both the anthracite and bituminous
mine workers are agitating for change
in the wage system, though one miner last
month totalled 1926 for his months work.
Electric employees have received in
creases of 10 per cent. in the last year.
Wage increases will cost the Railroad
Administration 100000, 900 this year and
the Shipping Board $300,000,000.
In two years the United States Steel
Corporation has advanced wages seven
times. Wages for unskilled labor in steel
stand thus: February, 1916, 1920; Au-
gust, 1918, 1920.
In western Canada coal miners earning
$10.35 day went on strike.
When it is asked what becomes of the
high wages, not as many facts are avail
able. In Youngstown the bank deposits
increased about 100000 in year; but
significant fact was that 1000 of the
depositors we're foreign workmen. At
the end of the war, at the end of the
high wage era, will they carry these saw
'ings back to Europei
Less Than Per Cent. From Labor.
A second interesting fact is that of the
personal income tax collected last year
less than per cent. was paid by labor.
That brings up the question, who is pay
ing the high war wagesf
Standing on the streets of Vancouver
about two years before the war broke out
when the two new Canadian transconti-
nentals were tied up by strikes, l recan
hearing an 1. W. W. orator shout, "Strike
for 81 a day and an eight hour day now;
and when you get that strike for So day
and four hour day"
Sand when you get that" I afterward
said to him quietly in the l. w. W. coun-
ell room, you will stop every wheel. Not
a wheel will go round; for You will have
taken all the money in business to pay
wages alone"
Exactly what we are working for" he
answered, "and when we have taken all
the money there is in industry we'll take
industry over and run it for ourselves"
That is exactly what has happened in
Russia; and the wheels have stopped 60
ing round. All capital has been taken;
but so have all wages. The dead line has
been reached, and the edifice has smashed
down in ruins. Both capital and labor
lie beneath the ruins, but as there are more
laborers than there are capitalists more
laborers have suffered than capitalists.
1t is needless to say that dead line viii
The sun., 1918-09-29

never be reached in this country. It
will never be reached because the laborcr
of yesterday is the capitalist Of to-day.
The present high wages are the result Of
war demands. Corrective factors are at
work now. The very increased cost Of
labor reacting on food, on clothing, on
fuel, on such Injuries as motors, house
decorations, is forcing an economy that il
cutting down purchases
Many homes can solve the domestic
help problem by reyerting to the good old
fashion of doing their own work. On the
wall in front of me hangs a snapshot Of
a girl in blue jean trousers oiling her own
motor ear. 1t seems almost snobbery to
say the girl belongs to family that for
generations owned slaves and have al
ways commanded abundant help.
In Bluejeans of Brother.
Why is she oiling her own car! For
the sake of DOMINIC n military costume?
No, for she is in the blue jean trousers Of
Il brother who is now Captain in France.
She is oiling and repairing her own car
because she can't afford 10 pay an income
tax, to buy 1000 of Liberty bonds and
also TO pay 81 200 a year for a chauffeur.
She is releasing mans labor for essen
tial war work and saving 81 200 for Lib
erty bonds.
The thing cuts still deeper | happen
to know other families of girls who will
not buy new evening gowns this year.
They will ave the cost for Liberty bonds
and the labor for war work, and in so do
ing will help to win the war quite as much
as if they drove an ambulance in France.
1t isn't as spectacular, but in the aggre-
gate it is more effective.
"Do it YOURSELF should be the twin
slogan to "Buy a bond"
The Government ruling that industrial
slackers shall lose deferred classification
and exemption if absent from work with
out sufficient reason is good as far as it
goes, but it is good only if it combs out
the slackers in hiding and on the Jump.
The men who jump their jobs every few
months, who have scarcely been broken
in at one factory or farm before they
hop off to another, have caused EMPLOY
ers loss in breakage and wasted time that
has added easily 20 per cent. to costs.
Sometimes the shift has been "to scarey
wages up in the middle of a job, some
times to escape classification, sometimes
to sober up after spree. These types
add to the needless cost of labor lust as
much as Intentional sabotage.
AS to the question how high is the dead
line in increased wages, one employer nut
it well. He answered:
"Just as high as it is necessary TO win
the war. We are going to win the war
independent of costs, but We are not
going to pay slackers for tagging back
as to output and speed.
"After the war the dead line Of u,oo,
will be just as high as industry can keen
going at a profit. Industry passes the
increased wages on to the public.
when the public cuts out high priced
buying, industry loses profit, and the
wheels stop going round. That is what
is happening and should happen to nom
NOR ;ndncfrioS To- dauH
The sun., 1918-09-29
By AGNES c. LAUT.

TTOW high is the dead line in wages?
L l. Ask the practical operator Of some
war industry that question and he is apt
to answer: "How hight Sky high, and
then some more Get a telescope"
Take few random facts as brought out
In various official and unofficial investiga-
tons.
There has not been a week since we en-
tered the war when there has not been an
increase of from 10 per cent. to 20 per
cent. in wages in some war industry.
Averaging up the wages of all the in
dustries Of New York State, the wage in
creases for 1918 show an advance of 100
per cent. over the wages for 1915; but
that does not tell half the story. The work
day for war industries has been set by
the Federal War Labor Board at eight
hours, where it was formerly ten and
twelve hours. All over eight hours is
paid at the rate of time and half.
, Well suppose an unskilled laborer is
getting 90 cents an hour, or 81 day for
an eight hour day. Under emergency he
works ten hours. For the two extra hours
he receives IS cents, or $3.50; so that his
wages are really $3.50, as compared to 50
q day in 1914 But this does not tell the
whole story.
Under the urgent necessity for speed
in war supplies double pay is granted for
Sunday work, or $l1 for ten hour day.
Good, you say! If the war demands it to
save human life, let the workman speed
up on his Sundays, as the soldier speeds
TO the firing line on Sundays. But it has
been the experience in the shipyards, in
carpentry for environments, in general
chemical works being erected for the Gov
eminent, that the workman who gets
double pay for Sunday sometimes takes
his Sunday off on Monday; so that the
weeks total output by him for the war is
not a whit larger for double pay on
oundays than if he took his Sundays off
and worked his Mondays.
Eight Hour Day Not Full Story.
1t may be said that the eight hour day
now prevails in coal mining, pork pack
ing, garment work, Government contracts,
lumber and saw mills. But this again
does not tell the full story. Though farm
ing TO supply food for the war is quite
as much war industry as powder works,
no one has yet risen to explain how farm
ing can be done on an eight hour day. Ma
ture doesn't sanction it.
In fact, what with late springs and
early frosts and rains, Of which she never
sends any advance notice through war
board, old Dame Nature seems to laugh
ironically at any idea of sitting down on
your job and demanding double pay in
crops, or You won't go on. She seems to
say, "Just sit still, my boy, and lessen
your labor by half and increase your de-
mands for returns by double, and I'll reef
the belt round your stomach in quad
ruple." And she has done this literally
and in dollars and cents since the war
began by sending up the price of food all
the way from 80 per cent. to 300 per cent.
The official bureau which averaged up
the increases in wages for industries in
New York State also averaged up the
The sun., 1918-09-29
Busy spyard where labor disputes

increases in food costs; and what it found
was this: Where wages had gone up so
per cent. food in the same locality had
gone up 60 per cent That is, wages had
kept just one kangaroo hop of 20 per
cent. ahead of food; and increases in rents
and clothing easily absorb that 20 per
cent. But the point on the farm is that
you can't reduce hours to eight and stay
in business; so wages have jumped 100
per cent. In the East, men who we're get
ting $50 and board now get $50 and $50 a
month. In the West, on which we depend
for the worlds bread, wages have in
creased from $3.50 and So day for un-
skilled labor and 81 for engine hands 10
81 and S. for unskilled labor and So and
$40 for the engine men.
Canvass Made of $4,000 Men.
A private canvass was recently made Of
the salaries of small city bank managers
a type of men who have spent from fifteen
to twenty years learning their business, a
type of men whose integrity must be rock
bottom. The salaries did not exceed $4,000
a year.
In the same cities a canvass was made
of domestic help-I do not mean help for
frilled households, but help for the aver
age comfortable home where a mother with
little children cannot do her own work.
The wages for domestic help averaged
Go a xraal- o,d toa,, or cSn n month opJ
keep. Put the keep and breakage at $50
and the wages reach $40 month. Is the
work Of an eighteen year-old domestic SER
want with little experience and less knowl-
edge worth 16 per cent. Of bank mana
gers incomef
Hotel managers in the big cities are to-
day at their wits end for unskilled help.
Boarding houses are closing down. One
newspaper recently printed ninety-three
columns of want advertisements for I'M
skilled male and female labor. In the same
issue were only ten columns of advertise
ments for jobs by unskilled help. That
is there were nine unskilled jobs open to
every unskilled hand wanting job; and
a theorist was moved by the proportion
to preach a sermonette on the need for
community kitchens. Community kitchens
with nine kitchens for one pair of hands!
Take a few more random facts to IL
lustrate how high the dead line Of wages
can curve. Street railroad wage in
creases have averaged 20 per cent. for one
year. Street car charges to the public
have in many places gone up to seven and
ten cents. The new tariffs have not been in
effect long enough to indicate whether the
public will ride as much on the higher fare
At time of writing bar iron workers are
asking increases of from Is to "a per cent
Standard Oil refneries have increased
wages SO per cent. since 1915.
Telegraph operators have received in
creases of 10 percent. in year.
Steel workers of Youngstown have re-
ceived increases of $50 per cent since 1914.
Longshoremen were receiving from
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
BOOSTING OF CHILD
LABOR LAWS ASKED

St. Paul, Aug. -22.-Governor Burn
quist has been asked to cooperate in
the Federal labor policies restricting
child labor and convict labor and rec
ognizing state factory laws. He was.
requested to name a Minnesota rep
resentative through conference of
state agencies in Washington, Sep
tember 80
The communication to the the gov
ernor was from Felix Frankfruter,
chairman of the Federal war labor
policies board.
In the absence of Governor Burn
quist, the matter came up with John
P. Gardiner, state labor commission
er, who pledged cooperation of that
department. Commissioner Gardiner
or one of his deputies probably will
represent the state at the Washing
ton conference.
The Federal government in activ-
'ities concerning industrial relations
is brought into increasing contact
with state agencies, the chairman ex-
planed, and the Washington confer
ence is being arranged to effect a
more intimate understanding of their
common purposes in the enforcement
Of industrial standards.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
STAFF DEPARTMENTS
. g.. OPEN FOR RECRUITING
Especial to Pioneer

Minneapolis, Aug. 22.-Recruiting
for the United States army has been
partially resumed in the Minnesota
district, on order from the adjutant
general of the army, according to Ma
jor John D. Yost. recruiting officer
for the district. The age limits have
been raised and men are now being
accepted for certain staff departments
from 46 to SIS years of age inclusive.
The staff departments now open for
enlistment of men within the above
mentioned age limits are, quarter
masters corps, open for cooks and ba-
kers, checkers and lalbOrers; signal
corps, open for telegraph, radio and
cable operators, inside and outside
wiremen, electricians, machinists,
photographers and men familiar with
the construction and maintenance of
telephone systems; ordinance corps,
open to artisans and skilled men Of
all trades. The medical corps is also
open but men will only be accepted
who present authority for their ell
listmen from the office of the surgeon
general of the army q
According to Major Yost, there are
hundreds of men in the state between
the ages Of 46 and SIS years who here
tofore were barred from enlisting by
the previous existing maximum age
limit of 40 years. "This Is their op-
portunity," states the major, land l
expect to see great many men take
advantage Of it,"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
FIFTEEN POUNDS SUGAR
FOR SEPTEMBER CANNING

Minneapolis, Aug. %. Five
pounds of sugar for each person for
canning will be allotted in Minnesota
for the month of September, it was
announced today by F. S. Pool, head
of the sugar division Of the state
Food administration. This will make
total for canning purposes for the
entire season to October 1 Of Is
pounds per capita, as the August reg
ulations permitted the purchase of 10
pounds a person for the season to
September 1.
"The regulations for September
will operate similarly to those in ef-
feet during the month" said Mr.. Pool,
"Those who at the beginning of the
month have purchased tn cir limit for
canning during August will be per-
mitted five pounds additional per-
son, and those who may nave carrier
in the season exceeded a Is pound al
1owance will be permitted no sugar.
It should be remembered that the al
lowance for September is not Is
pounds per capita for the month, but
that the total for the seasons can
ming is that amount for each member
of the family.
"No other changes in sugar regu-
lations are announced" added Mr..
Pool. "The two pound per capita for
househ old purposes remains, candy
manufacturers will still be restricted
to so per cent of their normal con-
sumption. bakers to 70 per cent, and
1t is still urged by the Food admin
istration that candy and other purely
luxury products be eliminated
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
CANCER PROVES FATAL
I ITO MRS. FREDERICKSON>
5LONCSOLWAY RESIDENT

Il i MRS, Petra Frederickson, wife Of
Anton Frederickson of Solway, died
this morning at her home after an I'LL
ness of over two months. She had
been suffering from cancer, of the
stomach. V.
: Mrs. Frederickson was 81 years old
and was born in Norway, coming to
America in 1884. She and her fam
lily had lived near Solway for the
past eight years, and she leaves to
mourn her. death, her husband, two
daughters, Mrs. e. J. Fink of Grants
burg, Wis, and Betsey Frederickson
of Solway, and six sons, Edwin of
Seattle, Wash, Elmer Of Galesburg,
N. D., Alfred of Williams, Minn., Ju-
Illus, who is in the military and sta
toned at Camp Grant, and Henry and
Clifford, who are home on the farm.
The funeral will be held tomor-
row afternoon at one o'clock, Rev.
Osmund johnson, pastor of the First
Scandinavian Lutheran church of
this city, officiating, interment in
Solway cemetery.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
LUMBER CAMPS ARE
FOOD SAVING PATRIOTS

Minneapolis, Aug. 22.-Patriotism
has been as red-blooded in the lum-
ber camps of Northern Minnesota as
it has been in the large cities, accord
ing to a statement by A. D. Wilson,
federal food administrator for Mime
sota.7
These camps have reported de-
crease of more than so per cent in use
of wheat, thorough observance of SUI
gar regulations and a decrease of 25
in meat consumption.
''In view of the strenuous labor
these men do this elimination Of foods
from the diet that the food admins
tration has asked be observed, and
the use of flour substitutes, other
sweeteners in place Of sugar, and the
consumption of. fish in place of meat,
is truly remarkable and patriotic
accomplishment" said Mr.. Wilson.
There are 305 hotel and restaurant
keepers of Minnesota enrolled as pa
triotic food-aides Of the government,
Mr.. Wilson added. He said that more
than 1000 eating places in the state
have been observing food conserva-
tion rules.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
TOWNLEY WILL ENTER
- CANDIDATE IN RACE

st. Paul, Aug. pa third candi-
date will be placed in the field to
oppose Governor j. A. A. Burnquist,
Republican candidate, and Fred
Wheaton, Democratic candidate, for
the office of governor. This decision
was reached by state convention
Of delegates of the National Non
partisan League, in session here.
The selection Of candidate to op-
pose the regular nominee of the Re-
publican and Democratic parties is
left to committee Of seven league
members, who will confer with rep
resentatives of organized labor, and
factions of both the Republican and
Democratic parties who are said to
be opposed to their party representa-
tive.
The meeting of the league commit
tee who will confer with organized
labor are a. C. Welch Of Glencoe,
Mangus Johnson of Kimbell, Army
Grundhson of Fisher, A. Knutson Of
Cottonwood, r. C. Crane of Grand
land and 0. o. Teuve Of Wrenshall.
Resolutions were adopted by the
convention reaffirming the loyalty Of
the members of the National Nonpar-
tisan league to the federal govern
ment, and asserting that the members
of the convention "feel it our patriot
ic duty to place a candidate in nom
ination for governor of this state who
will be responsible to neither the
Lynch or Burnquist machine, but
who will owe his election solely to
the common people.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
MINNESOTA FAR DOWN IN
SAVINGS STAMPS COLUMN

Minneapolis, Aug. 2.-Minnesota
has fallen from third place to twen-
ty-eighth in the sale of War Savings
Stamps throughout the United States
for the month Of July, according to
the official figures received by Post
master Purdy. The June sales of the
state gave her third place. Vermont
takes the lead for the past month and
Nebraska for the entire campaign.
q Minnesota stands seventeenth in
the latter.
. The July sales in Minnesota have
amounted to $4,23O,1O96 Sc, a per cap
ita average Of S1.81. The states en-
tire figure is s15,S20.O92.43. while
the quota assigned by Washington is
fixed at S40,O00,000.
Minnesota's failure to meet her
quota and her drop from third to
twenty-eighth place has been ascrib-
ed by the postmaster to the failure
Of the peaple Of Minneapolis to full
fill their pledges made to the Civic
and Commerce association during the
Baby Bond drive.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-08-22
COTTAGE CHEESE ADDED s !.
KO0RS TO HELP
49, ,Ss.&s--tS., .
U.S.. FOOD CAMPAIGN

= Cottage cheese is here. sKoors Bros.
have added the manufacture Of cot
tage cheese to their numerous other
lines and are now making a high
grade of cottage cheese with which
they will supply Bemidji and the sur
rounding countryuey .res,fyfca., 7
=" N. Z. Nelson of the U. S. depart
ment OF argri culture, has been with
them for the past few days. assisting
in the manufacture of the product.
Cottage cheese is food and not
luxury. It is highly endorsed by the
government and as a meat substitute
it is high and in energy and protein
and one pound of cottage cheese has
the food value of one pound of beef,
pork, mutton, veal or fowl, it is said.
In addition, it. is most economical
food, as it costs considerably less per
pound than meat.
If every family in Bemidji uses one
pound of cottage cheese each week
in place of one pound of meat, fifteen
hundred pounds of meat will be lib
Grated for the use of boys in France.
- The managers OF the gas and elec-
trio corporations, Mr.. Frerich and Mr..
Naylor, have been kind enough to aid
in the cottage cheese campaign. They
will enclose leaflets containing re-
cipes for the use of cottage cheese
with their next monthly statements.
These recipes have been tried by do:
nestle science experts and many
housewives and have been found ex-
cellent. Additional recipes may be
procured from the county agent, Mr..
Aamodt, whose office is in the court
house.
+. Mr.. Nelson urges every grocer and
butcher to put in a supply of cot
tage cheese. 1t may be obtained
from the creamery fresh daily and
thus insure to the consumer supply
that will be above criticism The
slogan is cottage cheese or meats?"
Ask your pocket book.