davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
ERADICATION OF
CuTWORM MOTHS
Late Fall and Winter Flowing Of
Grass Lands Will Destroy
Their Winter Homes.
HOGS DEvOuR MANY INSECTS
injury Usually Consists In Cutting OF
Plants Just Below Surface and
Occurs In Spring - Eggs Are
Hatched During Autumn.

From the United States Department Of
Agriculture.)
If land that has been in grass for
considerable time and is likely to con-
tain cutworms is to be planted to corn
the following spring, 1t should be
plowed in midsummer or early fall.
about the time the moths eggs are
laid or, better, before the eggs are
laid, for then vegetation which is suit
able for the moths to lay their eggs
upon is removed. The earlier the pre-
ceding year grasslands to be planted
to corn are plowed, the less will be
the probability that the cutworm
moths will have laid their eggs there
on, and the less, consequently, will be
the danger of injury by cutworms the
following year.
Late fall and winter. blowing Of
grasslands, although not as effective
as early blowing, will destroy many of
the alternating cutworms, as well as
such other important corn pests as
white grubs. and should be practiced
when earlier blowing is impracticable.
insects Are Devoured.
'Pasturing hogs upon land supposed
to harbOr cutworms is beneficial
practice. as these animals root up and
devour insects Of many kinds, includ-
ing cutworms, in large numbers. Farm
poultry, allowed to follow the pillow,
is of great value.
When cutworms are found to be
abundant on corn land, the use OF the
poisoned bait is, recommended. In
fields known to be infested, the dis
tribution of this bait should be begun
as soon as the corn appears above the
ground, so that the cutworms may be
eliminated as quickly as possible and
the injured hills replanted promptly.
During the warmer spring months cut
worms do most Of their feeding ut
night and burrow into the soil to the
depth of an inch or two during the
day, so that the bait usually will be
more effective If applied during the
late afternoon and early evening
hours.
Frequently cutworms migrate to cul-
tivated fields from adjoining grass
land, and in such cases the crops can
be protected by running narrow
band of the poisoned bait around the
edge of the field or along the side
nearest the source Of infestation.
Cutworm injury, which usually con.
slsts in the cutting off of the plants
at or q little below the surface Of the
ground, almost invariably occurs In
the spring, beginning as soon as the
first plants sprout and continuing I'M
til late June or early July, by which
time the worms are full grown. The
worms feed at night and rest during
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
Airplanes Attract Children.

Airpianes Attract Children.
Airplanes are the latest fascination
of Washington children, says the Star
Of that city. s..-. e.. g. -.
Toys that stick close to the earth,
baseballs and bats, roller skates and
other implements Of amusement have
largely lost their fascination for the
young Of the city.
Since the planes have been buzzing
over the city, day after day, the eyes
and thoughts of the young boys and
girls have been turned on high, where
float, more graceful than the very
birds, the modern marvels. -
Especially have the little children
taken interest in the planes. At first
thought it might seem that little boys
three years old, scarcely old enough
to comprehend anything one would
think, would not be able to see the
planes, even, and, least of all, COM
prehend.
But 1t is these little ones who make
the keenest plane observers. r.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26

Broom Corn 1aIed In Storage House.
twisted or bury fiber, and those with
a large center stem are Of poor quail
ity and should be separated from the
good brush. Grading can be done CON-
veniently either when the brush IL
being taken from the field, after it
Is thrashed, or just before the baling
is done.
The practice of baling the crop with
out grading is a common source of loss
to the grower. Where good and poor
brush are mixed, the buyer will estl-
mate the percentage of poor brush
little higher than Appearances indicate.
In order to be on the safe side. The
price paid under such circumstances
usually is less than the total price the
good brush and poor brush would have
brought If baled separately. In most
cases the grower will be well repaid
for the time and labor devoted to grad
ing his brush and baling each grade
separately,
The brush should be taken up In
small armfuls and butted against q
board, so that all the butts are even.
It should then be placed in the baler,
with the butts set firmly against tho
end of the baler. The butts Of one
armful are placed against one end and
those of the next armful against the
other end, continuing the process I'M
til the baler is full. The bale Is then
pressed into shape and the wires fas-
tened. If the bale L. pressed tightly
and the wires properly adjusted. .
good square bale will result.
Baling should not be done until the
brush is dry enough to eliminate al1
danger Of its molding In the bale. II
baling is delayed Indefinitely after the
brush is dry. It should be bulked and
protected from the light or 1t will
bleach. ..sE-..
The bales should b stored in dry,
dark place for protection from the
weather and sunlight; otherwise tho
outside will be weather stained or
bleached by the sun, and they will not
bring rs high price as If kept In good
condition. u.
The brush can be marketed to best
advantage in carload lots, because OF
the difference between freight rates In
full cars and smaller lots. The brush
runs about 6 bales to the ton and
from 10 to IL tons to the carload. Com
munity co-operntionfls needed to obtain
the greatest success In growing broom
corn. This will make possible mar.
keting the crop In carload lots, with .
consequent saving in freight. The
manufacturers are most likely to send
an experienced buyer into such com.
munity, and It is possible for commu-
nifty to grow a uniform grade Of brush
which will be recognized and sought
at q premium by the manufacturer.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26

that is uneven in length and straight
line, except for bit of drapery at the
back. The coat is more accurately
described as a jacket with high muir
fer collar and fronts much longer than
the sides or the back. The fabric Is
just the right background for very
handsome cut steel buttons, used with
just the right reserve, in two sizes, on
the front of the coat. There are four
of :, the smaller buttons at the back.
Coat and skirt are welded by the
most clever Of wide girdles, which
loses itself in the. novel back drapery.
The heightened skirt may not be &C
copied for practical cloth street SUITS
but it is most appropriate for this NJ
fair, with its air of limOusines, con-
servatories, and grand opera.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26

varieeated cutworm (Pssj droma Mar
parltosa): q, Moth; b, Normal Form
Of Caterpillar. Side View; 6, Same
In Curved Position; d, Dark Form,
View Of Back; =, Greatly Enlarged
Eco, Seen From Side; {, Ego Macs
on TWio. .r'
the day beneath debris or In the soil
from one-half to one inch below the
surface, and since in most cases they
resemble the soil closely in color the
cause Of the injury often Is not ap-
parent. However, If the soil surround
ing the cutoff plant be examined care
fully, the culprit probably will be
found curled up beneath the surface.
Parents % cutworms.
The parents Of cutworms are gray
ish or. brownish moths, or 'millers,"
which commonly occur ut lights during
summer evenings. Each moth may lay
from 200 to 500 eggs, either in masses
or singiy, In fields covered with dense
vegetation, and hence the eggs are to
be found more often than elsewhere In
rzltivated fields which have been In
grass or weeds the preceding fall.
The eggs hatch In the fall, q few weeks
after they are laid, usually during
September, and the young cutworms,
after feeding on grass and other vege-
tation until cold weather, pass the
.ytnter as partly grown caterpillarA II
an infested field IL left to grass, NO no
ticeat!e injury Is likely to occur; but
when It =. broken up and planted to
corn O: ether wide-row crops, the
WORMS, suddenly being placed on
sshort rations," play havoc with the
newlv planted crops, the nearly full
Rrowr worms feeding greedily and
consuming A enorm0C7 amount o.:
food. Ia northern latitudeA they attain
fun growth and stop feeding In oeo
Jsss or sariy JAY. end then cha1Q q
~ iSpal q restlag stasA
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26

A new fish has appeared in the San
Francisco market which, In the opin-
ion of David Starr Jordan of Stanford
university. may prove of considerable
economic importance. The fish Is called
priest fish. F., ......
Doctor Jordan says: 1T will proba-
bly, be found In abundance on rocky
shadows in the north Pacific; II 50, It
will prove one Of our best food fishes.
ranking with the halfbut.
~The flavor Is rich and delicate, q
little fat, but the oil without the strong
flavor seen In mackerel and sardines.
.It Il, In fact, very much like that
of anoplopoma. which Is now being
largely pushed under the name Of
'sablefish,' and is. by the way, both
fresh and smoked, rea; addition to
our food supplies. The fishermen call
the priest fish deep-water cod The
Fishing Gazetts.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
A Welcome
Letter
- @@ ~--.-
BY GERALD ST. ErINNE
1918. by the Mcclure Newspa
per Syndicate.)


T.. per Syndicate.)
As Justin Mallory hurried over his
route he whistled merrily. There was
a letter, in his pack for Anna Emrick,
and the knowledge of 1t pleased him,
It was his first week as q letter car
rier, but every day of it he had found
Anna waiting at her door. Every day
she had been disappointed in the mail
he had brought. That bulky letter that
he had was the one she was waiting
for, he felt sure. The route seemed
much shorter that morning.
"You have letter for me-" Anna
called as she caught sight of him. II
can see it in your face"
You have good eyesight," he laughed
as he pulled forth the letter. "Sure
enough, here it is"
As Annals fingers touched the letter
and her eyes caught sight Of the en-
velope look of disappointment, worse
than on other days. crossed her face.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
RAISING BROOM CORN
is MCST PROFITABLE,
Careful Grading, Ba|ing and stor-
ing Is Recommended.
Where Good and Poor Brush Ar
Mixed Buyer Will Estimate Per.
centage Of Low Grade Higher ID.
Than Appearances Indicate.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
The market value of broom corn
normally depends to a large degree
upon it's condition. Much Of the sea-
sons profit may be lost by careless
handling after the crop is cured. Care
full grading, baling and storing are i'm
portant. =
The brush should be graded before Il
is baled. Crooked heads, heads with
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
Folks Want Their Mail.

mat was not the letter after all. She
bolted into the house before Justin
could say a word. r. r - r
No whistle came from Justin's lips
on the rest of the route That look on
Annals face kept coming in his mind.
OF course, 1t was plain to see that the
~ letter she was expecting was from the
not to write to-. Anna! Justin won
dered who he was. Some boy she had
met while Justin had been overseas on
war service. That was it. The boys
who stayed at home had won the af-
fections of all the nice girls, leaving
none for the returned soldiers. He
had thought q lot of Anna before he
went away, but he had shattered a lot
Of his prospects by enlisting before he
had completed his college term. The
position he had might work into some
thing good at the post Office, he
thought, and then he would be able to
make up to Anna for this other mans
i'll treatment. .~ .... --
Anna was waiting with the same ex-
pectant smile the next day. She had
not taken it to heart as much as he
had imagined. This time she didn't
seem so disappointed when there was
no mail for her. 80 =. ~ 49,.
II was rude yesterday" she said with
a smile, as she held out her hand to
greet him, "but didn't intend to be.
was rather disappointed in the letter
you brought. How do you like your
new work, Justin" s.-,.r-~.s..
He was glad of an opportunity to tell
her all about It. They were still talk
ing when a voice from across the
street called out in feminine tone
that indicated patience exerted to the
last notch. Il.
"Are you going to stand there talk
Ing all day, Postiel Don't you think
folks want their mail?''
That brough: Justin to a realization
of the duty he still had to perform.
With Annals CHEEKY smile to encour-
age him he started on, his mind too full
Of their conversation to permit him to
whistle, however. 80
Justin brought another letter to Anna.
It was thin, Notwithstanding let
ter, but the minute her eyes lit upon
It she gave an exclamation Of pleasure
and almost snatched it from his I'm
gers. Justin read the joy In her face
instantly. Before she had chance to
open it he was on his way, but ANNA
was too intent on her letter to notice
that he had gone. He felt something
lfse II, his throat.
So the fellow had written ut last,
lust when he (Justin) had begun to
think that there was some hope for
him to win Anna for himself, but now
that was out Of the question. OF course
she would forgive the other man and
they would start where they had left
III. A letter carrier wasn't good enough
tot Anna anyway. But would this
other man be good to her? II he didn't
he would make him answer fer Il. No
we coul.l he unkind 70 4 girl like Anna.
e. :s,aa had beea, though he had neg
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
Ratiste Ruhlinu,

= Some of the prettiest white ruhling
for collars is made of batiste of q
fine sheer quality, combined with mar
row Valenciennes lace gathered on In
little frills. Fine tucks are run be-
tween the landings Of the lace.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
BIGGEST wheat YIELD
PREPARED by u. 8. Department
Of Agficulture.)

prepared by q. 9. Department
Of AgFiculture.)
The greatest wheat yield per
acre that has been ascertained
by the United States department
Of agriculture Is 117.2 bushels,
the average of 10 acres In Island
county, Washington, In 1895. The
field had been In cultivation for
80 years without any sort OF fer.
tilizer, except such as may have
been left by crops. The usual
production Of wheat per acre In
that state Is . to Is bushels: In
the United States. II to 16 bush
els
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26

ver-tone cloths In which tiny aecks OF
white appear in brown, taupe. gray,
blue or Burgundy colored cloths. 1t Is
a straight-hanging garment with plaits
at the front and back, stitched down
In accurate straight lines to the depth
of the waistline and finished with
arrow heads. Squirrel fur makes the
convertible collar and deep cuffs on
this coat and 1t harmonizes delight
fully with the indistinct white flecks
In the material. .rr.... .........-
The other coat is made Of taupe-
colored Yulama CLOTH, new name
for q smooth faced heavy wool fabric.
It 10 cleverly cut and machine-stitched
ana has large pockets cut In one with
4 panel ut the front. Flying squirrel
fur and very large taupe buttons 6n-
ish on coat that compels us to turn
round and look again when 1t passes
our way. It has the distinction Of com.
Dining originality with beauty.
~
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26

~ Twenty girls from Hunter college,
New York city, worked on farms In
Burlington county, New Jersey.
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26

The labor required ~ sheep rails
ing is continuous, IL II not heavy. AnA
II properly supervised and d><1ntess
esting BY Ananc1al return can well D
performed By beSD i1e0pahls q seD0
hnds e 1axD Vugk
The Tomahawk., 1918-09-26
Apprepriate to the lssur.

Appropriate 70 the Hour.
"what are you raising In your var
gardenT
swell, whsn IN hour Of daylight was
ordered thought Il would he the begg
thing to raise moee thyuas
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
BRITISH GOVERNMENT
HELPS PAY FOR BREAD

There has been much misunder-
standing about the bread program in
England. 1t is true that the English
man buys loaf OF bread for less than
an American can, but it is poorer
bread, and the British government Is
paying 500, 100000 a year toward the
cost OF it.
All the grain grown In Great Brit
ain II taken over by the government
at an arbitrary price and the imported
wheat purchased on the markets at
the prevailing market price. This Is
turned over to the mills by the govern
ment at a price that allows the adult
terated war bread loaf Of four pounds
to sell at is cents, the two pound loaf
at 8 cents and the one pound loaf at 5
cents.
In France, under conditions some
what similar, but with I larger ex-
traction. the four pound iosf sells Tor
l8 cents
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
NEED BIG HERDS
Europe's Meat Supply Must Come
From America.
Warning Nations Have Depleted Live
Killing Dairy Cattle For Food.

American stock breeders are being
asked to conserve their focks and
herds in order to meet Europe's ire
mendous demands for meats during
the war and probably for many years
afterward.
The United States food admins
tration reports that American stock
raisers have shown a disposition to
cooperate with the government in In
creasing the nations supply OF live
sock g... r.
Germany today is probably better
supplied with live stock than any 9th
er European nation. When the Ger
man armies made their big advance
into France and then retreated yir-
tually all the cattle in the invaded
territory approximately 100000
head-were driven behind the German
lines.
But in England-where 100000
acres Of pasture lands have been turn
cd into grain fields-the cattle herds
are decreasing rapidly. One Of the
reasons apparently Is, the declining
maximum price scale adopted by the
English as follows: For September,
$1776 per 100 pounds; October, SIPS;
November and December, $16.0S; jan
larry, $144O. The effect Of these prices
was TO drive beef animals on the mar
ket as soon as possible.
In France the number OF cattle as
well as the quality have shown an
enormous decline during the war.
Where France had 14,SO7, 900 head Of
cattle in 1918, she now has only H.
B41, 300, a decrease Of 1853 per cent
And France is today producing only
one gallon Of milk compared to two
and one-half gallons before the war.
Denmark and Holland have been
forced to sacrifice dairy herds for beef
because OF the lack of necessary feed.
Close study Of the European meat
situation has convinced the Food Adj
ministration that the future problem
OF America lies largely in the produc-
ton of meat producing animals and
dairy products rather than In the pro-
duction OF cereals for export when
the war will have ceased.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
BUXTON PEOPLE TO HEAR NINE
WALKER.

Special. Fearing an opportunity
will not present itself again to hear
and see this most distinguished wo-
man, the Buxton people, through
committee composed Of Mesdames T.
F.. Jones, E A. Carter and Ada Mills,
have arranged with Mrs. 5. Joe Brown
of Des Moines to bring Nine. G. J.
Walker to this city, where they have
completed plans to have her lecture at
the opera house on Monday evening,
February 18th, at 8 o'clock.
Mrs. Brown assured the committee
that Nine. Walker would be pleased
with this arrangement, for she had
expressed desire to visit this noted
town and the Buxton peope viii be
glad to have share in welcoming
Americas richest colored woman to
the state of Iowa on Monday evening,
February 18th.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
EDITORIALS
FREDERICK DOUGLASS.

This week on our front page may
Re seen true picture of Hon. Freder-
lex Douglass, that great Negro states
man, orator and journalist. who was
perhaps the most unique figure and
greatest man from all viewpoints that
the Negro race has yet produced. He
was born deeper in poverty, vice, dirt,
ignorance, not even knowing the date
Of his birth nor his father; had to
scramble with the dogs and cats in
the back yard for living. In his
boyhood days he ran away from slav-
cry, self emancipated, self educated,
he stsrted the first real Negro news
paper, The North Star, at Rochester,
n. Y. He was recorder Of the deeds.
WE ~ diplomat to foreign countries,
honored by kings, princes, queens,
presidents and rulers Of all civilized
countries, revered and loved by our
race, m inspiration to every Negro.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15

BY her associates. being Of cheerful,
sunshiny disposition. She was an &C
tive Sunday school worker, Of which
she was secretary. She leaves TO
mourn her loss loving father. de-
voted mother, fond / grandmother,
numerous uncles and aunts, and q host
Of other relatives and friends.
The funeral service was held at the
Second Baptist church, conducted by
Rev. p. Thomas, assisted by Rev. r.
e. Weston and Rev. jackson.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
DAEARIS REESCER HAS GONE.
Especial to Bystander.)

AT the Homeopathic hospital in
Iowa City, Iowa, occurred the death
of Damaris Reescer, daughter Of Mr..
and Mrs. Ed. Reescer Of Mount Pleas
ant, Iowa She was taken i'll in Mo-
vember and all medical aid failing to
relieve she was taken to Iowa City,
swher IN operation was performed, the
result Of which was battling the cor
rect. nature Of the trouble not being
diagnosed. IL was stated by the as
sisting surgeons and her local physi-
clans to be case rarely encountered
Ia the medical profession.
II Damaris WAS born May 81, 1904. in
Mount Pleasant, Iowa. She was just
entering young womanhood, being Is
years of sage, and was agirl well liked
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
Te.eninu child 20 Read.

"A child is best taught to READ IN tne
natural method. by means OF objects
His words or short sentences contain
Ing the same words repeated IN diI
-ereut connection, are written on the
blackboard. and he quickly learns 70
recognize these and to read at signI
first words in script, then In type
When he is made to copy the black
board words ut each lesson. he learns
to read and write both ut tne SANS
time
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
J,panese Have No Beds.

The japanese do not sleep on Eu.
rcnean beds, but on many thick, SOIL
puts piled one on top OF each otner
upon the floor. For bed covering they
use more OF the same kind OF puns.
II is said that the Japanese emperor
has 20 such puffs. One OF those winch
cover him is made in the shape OF a
kimono and has velvet collar.
Probably he creeps inside OF this, II
he feels cold in the night
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
A Hint to the Aged.

If people past sixty years OF age
could be persuaded to go to bed as
soon as they take cold and remain in
bed for one or two days, they would
recover much more quickly, especial
ly if they take Chamberlain's Cough
Remedy. There would also be less
danger of the cold being followed by
any Of the more serious diseases.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
sn,,,ox. Eaten in EnqIand.

Snarrows are often eaten by Ens-
lish country persons. Ihey are .ap
tured easily in fine mesh nets stretcneo
over the ground and baited with gram
or in nets hung at night around their
roostins places in ricks. hedges anu
iyy-clad walls. Also, the ground can
be baited and crowd of feeding spar
rows laid low with q gun, using me
shot for the purpose.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1918-02-15
PROGRAM FOR WASHINGTON.

The N. A. A. association VIII give
the following program on Washing
toms birthday, February 22, at Maple
Street Baptist church:
Song, Star Spangled Banner.
Invocation, Rev. G. w. Robinson.
Selection by Wilson quartet.
: Biography of Geo. Washington.
Vocal solo, Mrs. Mayme Arimstead.
Eulogy on Washington, Rev. g. W.
Reese (white) of Unitarian church.
Instrumental solo, Miss Josephine
Clardy.
Reading, Mrs. Marion Blackburn.
Everybody invited. Admission free.