davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-02-19
Armour Calls 1915 a Day
Plenty for American F amly
More Than Enough, Packer Tells Arbitrators-Beleves
in Equal Pay for Women Justice of Eight
Hour Day or Overtime System

tied the annual report for 1916 as
showing total profits of s2O,100, 900.
Armour workmen, the testimony de-
Veioped, work on a basis of the ten
hour day and are paid by the hourly
rate. Witness said the subject of tho
elght-hour day had been presented to
nm by John O'Hearn, general superin-
tendent; he didn't remember Just
when.
Don't you think your employees
should be allowed their liberty on
Christmas and the Fourth of july ?"
asked Mr.. Walsh.
81 do"
Avoids Question of Wages
"Do you think double paw would bc
too much for work on holidays :" ~
II cannot asswer that"
DO you think that double nav
would be too much for Sunday work -
cannot answer that"
dayw O' . O'' vi :
81 favor letting them off on all boli-
days, If possible. I work on most of
them myself"
DO you work Sundays and Christ
mas?"
"No.'
laborers 2" " Sou'
Il do not: We have welfare de-
partment, which keeps in touch with
their home life"
"You realize that any system which
does not allow a proper livelihood ia
dangerous to your company and to tho
country?" WV
".Yes;. could not last"
Mr. Armour said that wages were
fixed by. Mr.. O'Hearn and his assist
ants. Mr. Walsh asked if witness
.,nought 1T proper for one man to fix
thc working hours and the amount of
work 1or man without consulting
"rhc man can object if he wishes
ana VIII be given hearing" rcclied
Mr.. Armour.
But is it possible to get that hear
ing" pursued the lawyer.
- don't see why it is not" said the
"Are you familiar with the report
OF the department Of Labor that it re-
cures $3.50 year to insure a proper
living to an American family? 2"
NO, ! am not" replied Mr.. Armour.
Mr.. W alsh said that the Armour
rate falls S465 below the proper rate.
and asked: "'0'
"",' youT laDOferS to have
enough to live properly, Mr.. Armour ?"
Naturally,' witness answered.
ana you arc willing for the arbi-
traitor to fix wages which will make
decent living possible? ?"
"Ot course | am"
The packer was asked if he had read
President Wilson's statement that NJ
workman should be required to ,,orL
more than eight hours a day. Mr.
Armour had not.
Il read the newspapers reliciouslv
and may not read everything the
PRESIDENT writes" added the witness.
Mr. Armour said his mind was al
ways open to progressive suggestions.
put ne DID not think working ten holrs
IN itself would undermine mems health
or shorten life. He said the eight-hour
question was always debatable ore
ne said he was familiar with the de.
taiis OF the progress of the eipht-hour
movement
II know that a very small portion Of
the country's workmcn work EIGHT
hours, said Mr. Armour.
DO the packers own the CHICAGO
stockyards ?"
"They do not"
rs it not true that ownership Of tho
stockyards is controlled by bonds held
IN trust by Mr.. Pegram, of Boston ?"
1T is not true"
Mr. Armour, when asked if it was
not true that the five big packers hsd
a livestock purchasing agreement in
every city where they operated ,ro.
tested that such questions had notning
to do with wages.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-19
| Special Correspondence

lCpeCtUt COfTeSpOUeUCe1
CHICAGO, Feb. 1S.-J. Ogden Ar
mour, president of Armour e. Co.. told
Judge Samuel Alschuler at the stock
yards wage arbitration hearing to-day
that he wanted his employees to receive
pay enough to supply them with good
food, clothing, living quarters and rec
reation, and that he was willing the
wage rates should be established on
that basis.
He declared that although he con-
sidered $2.75 day, with the addition
of the 81 day asked, was more than
sufficient for family to live on, he
would agree to any rate the Federal
arbitrator fixed.
He further asserted that extra pay
should be given for work more than the
regular number of hours on weekdays.
Would Pay Women Same Scale
Mr. Armour. who for nearly two
hours occupied the witness stand, also
came out in favor of paying women the
same wages as men Tor the same guam
tity of similar work, and of granting
all his employees such legal holidays as
Christmas, July and Sundays, or pay
ing them extra if they should work on
these days.
When the question of putting the
lasic eight~hour day into effect at the
Stockyards came up Mr.. Armour said
hc was favorably inclined toward the
principle involved, but could not decide
as to whether an cight-hour day or a
ten-hour day would be the proper basis
from which to start
Urges Eight-Hour Day
Victor A. Olander, secretary and
treasurer Of the Illinois State Fedora
tlon of Labor and v!ce-president of the
International Seamen's Union, made an
earnest plea for adoption Of the eight
hour day when he followed Mr.. Armour
Oh the stand.
Mr.. Olander read from reports of the
Federal Department of Labor and en-
plcyers of leading industries in sub
sanitation of his contentious that the
shorter workday had proved successful
wherever tried.
MIR. Armour was questioned by Frank
+: Walsh, attorney for the employees
who are seeking higher wages. He said
aware number Of Armour employees
had joined labor unions and that he
was familiar with the demands of the
men, He said he could not give the
percentage of labor cost to total pro-
duction cost without consulting the
company's books.
Mr.. Walsh asked if it was true that
if the wages of all Armour workmen
were doubled it would increase the
price of meat only sixty-tve one hun
dreths of a cent a pound.
II could not tell that without some
hgurng," was the reply.
Would Give Equal Pay
"Have you any objection to equal
pay for men and women doing the
same class and volume of work ?"
81 understand that is done now. IF
it is not done l see no objection to
its being done"
"Where employees work in three
shifts of eight hours have YOU any OBJ
lection to giving them twenty minutes
for lunch with pay?"
II don't suppose | have. If it was
generally followed By everybody we
would not object"
us it not true that if you doubled
the wages paid your men in 1916 YOU
would still earn G Y per cent on Your
capital stock? ?"
II could not answer that now. but it
would be unfair to figure on Il basis of
capital stock alone"
Mr.. Armour was asked to prepare a
statement on the subject and to submit
1t later to Judge Alschuer He identi
New-York tribune., 1918-02-19
Traffic Head Appointed
For Food Administration

CHICAGO, Feb. 1S. - Conrad L.
Spens, vice president in charge Of
traffic of the Chicago. Burlington g.
Quincy Railroad, has been appointed
director of transportation for the
United States food administration, it
was announced to-day. lie has also
been named member of the traffic
board on the staff of Director General
McAdoo.
Mr.. Spens was born in Princeton,
H., and entered the service of the Bur
lington as a stenographcr in 1892.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-19

especially acute in the neighborhood
of great industrial centres. the farmers
succeeded in overcoming them last
year, and that with better organiza.
tion and especially with deferred clas-
slfication of skilled farm labor. the
difficulties again can be surmountsd
and production maintained and in.
creased in certain directions.
Between them Mr.. Hoover and Se.
retary Houston agree that the cour.
try must produce more and consume
less. High prices will stimulate pro
duction, and the big stick of more Law
will supply that reduction in consump
ton that patriotism and existing food
legislation have not already prompted
so Mr.. Hoover says.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-19
New Deputy City Chamberlain

Edward j. Glennon, formerly an AS
sistant District Attorney of The Bronx.
has been appointed Deputy City Cham,
berlain to succeed Edward j. Barrett.
resigned. The place pays $4,000 a wear.
Mr.. Glennon. who resides at 1856 Gro
tona Parkway, has been prominent in
Bronx political affairs.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-19

the potato crop there should have been
$1,000 cars a month for eight months
from November l. Instead there were
only 1890 carloads of potatoes in No
vembcr, 6,70G in December and $500
in January.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
lBy Aesoclated Press.l

Washington, July Accommodating
on the new work or fight regulations
which went into effect yesterday,
Provost Marshal General Crowder
emphasized today that the order
does not affect men outside Of draft
ages. Several communities appar-
entity have confused it with anti
loa6er laws in some states.
The only effect the order has upon
persons not subject to draft, is, that
1t offers them more opportunities OF
employment. Places vacated by
men liable to draft necessarily are
ie6t open for men outside OF the
draft he explained.
OF the service performed by men
who leave non-essentiaI pursuit TO
take up essential work. General
Crowder said:
The army and navy are taking
the men who are best able physical
ly to do the lighting. But that is
only one part OF the national task
imposed by the war. The other
part, the part that falls on. the 9TH
er men is to set free these men who
are to do the fighting. Every man
who helps to set free a. fighting man
is helping to fight and win the war.
Now many of the men Of draft
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
PACKER ENTERS
PROMPT TPROTEST
Claims Profits Are Reason
able-Has No Control
Over Prices
CRy Associated Press.l

Chicago, July 2.-Louis r. Swift.
president OF Swift and Co., last
night telegraphed formal protest
to the federal trade commission on
the report made public Saturday
regarding the profits OF his concern.
The telegram follows:
Swift and Co. protest against
certain unwarTanted statements in
the report issued by the federal
trade commission on war profits in
that they give the public a false i'm
preston regarding the profits and
the conduct OF the packing busi~
ness.
swift and Co. can justify their
profits as not only reasonable, but
necessary for efficient conduct Of the
business, to finance large tnven-
tories at high prices, and to expand
facilities at increasing costs.
"The report states that the five
large packers have a monopoly Of
the meat industry and manipulate
the market without regard to law.
This is a serious charge unsupport-
ed by the facts, Swift and Co, are
in competition with all other pack
ers, have no control over prices, and
the policy OF the company is to
obey the law"
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
MONSTER PARADE
TO Be FEATURE
JULY 4; PROGRAM
COMPLETE TODAY
Addresses And Sports Pro-
gram Other Offerings
For The Day

A monster parade, addresses by
well known speakers, sports pro-
gram and then celebrate as you
please" is the order of the program
for the celebration Of July in Far"
go. .. -.l.ef-... g..
The program for the celebration,
prepared by and to be under the
auspices OF the Fargo War Organ
ization, and in line with recon-
mendations made by President Will
son to permit the greatest number
extractions to take part, was COM
pleted by a special committee Mon
day. The personnel of the COM
mtttee included Judge Edward
Engerud as chairman; o. L. Engen,
vice chairman; and w. B. Hancock,
secretary treasurer.
"It will be a celebration for all
the people,, young and old alike" +"
said Mr.. Engen today. n.. ".
There will be no fireworks dis
play, the committee having decided
that the expenditure would not be
in line with the theme Of the times
though there are no restrictions to
their use by individuals. ..
Parade To, BE Feature
The parade viii be a big feature,
according to the plan OF the COM
nittee. The parade win form at the
Great Northern tracks on Broad
way at / o'clock sharp. The line OF
march will be down Broadway to
the speakers stand in Island park.
Soldiers and sailors in uniform,
home on furloughs, will be accord
ed a place Of honor in the parade,
and are urged by the committee to
take part
The order OF the parade had been
arranged but tentatively today, but
probably will be as follows: Police
department; city commissioners;
soldiers and sailors in uniform:
bands; fire department; Boy
Scouts: Liberty Loan, War Savings
stamp and Red Cross officials and
workers; fraternat and civic orr
ganization delegates; nationality
groups, carrying American and ma
tive flags; citizens in general and
school children. The order is. sub
ject to revision when the parade is
Continued on page 6.)
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
''SINK WIT HOU 7
TRACE WAS AIM
OF FIENDS WHO
DROWNED NURSES
Canadian Hospital Ship
Brilliantly Lighted With
Crosses -:
NO POSSIBILITY
OF ANY MISTAKE
Vessel Carried 258 Persons
Most Of Whom Have
Been Lost
SUBMARINE RAN .
THROUGH 'WRECKAGE
Tried To Ram Lifeboats
And Survivors Cinging
70 Floating Objects
tBy Associated Press.)

London, July "A German sub
marine, 20 miles from the Irish coast,
the night Of June 27, torpedoed the
1900 ton hospital ship Llandovery
Castle, which had been chartered by
the Canadian government and had
been In the service carrying sick and
wounded from England to Canada
for many months past. The ship was
then on her way to England. She
had on board 258 persons, including
so men oS the Canadian army medical
corps and IL female nurses. aa
Up to the latest reports only "a OF
those on board, including the captain,
have survived the treacherous attack,
which came without warning.
The submarine commander, who
ordered the captain Of the LIandoverY
Castle, several OF his officers and
Major Il. Lyon OF the medical corps,
aboard, declared that he had sunk the
ship because she was carrying Amer
hcan aviation officers and others in
the lighting service OF the allies. He
added to this later by asserting that
the, vessel was carrying munition
stores, because OF an explosion Whlcn
had occurred aft.
The Admiralty Statement.
The admiralty statement on the
sinking OF the hospital ship follows:
s'Germanys awful debt to the
world continues to grow Another
hospital ship has been torpedoed,
this time 70 miles from the nearest
land, and her people turned adrift in
their boats to sink or swim as best
they might
"And although, as it happened,
she was q Canadian hospital ship
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
GERMAN COUNTER
ATTACKS ON new
BRITISH POSTS
ARE AFAILUR Re
Attempt To Win Back Pos
itions Lost Sunday
Night, Beaten Back
French Report Strengthen
ing Of Their Line Near
Montdidier
(By Associated Press.l J

With the British Army in France,
July 2.-After intensive lombard
ment, the Germans at 10 o'clock last
night began an attack on the posi-
tions the British had gained Sunday
night when they drove the enemy
from important high ground south
east Of Bouzincourt to the north Of
Albert.
On the northern end Of the line
involved, the enemy succeeded in re-
claiming a few Of his old positions.
in which he was maintaining him
self at the latest reports. At all
other points the Germans were re-
pulsed and badly punished.
Three separate assaults were
driven forward by the gray coats
on the British right, but each time
they were hurled back.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
Work or Fight" Regulations
WhtchAre Nowh hEfect, Are
Explained By Gen. CroWder

age in deferred classes two, three
and four, deferred, that is, on
grounds of dependency, are not en-
gagged in effective industry. The
spectacle is not a satisfyings one of
a contingent OF drafted men from
class one being marched down the
street to camp while other men of
their own age, watching them from
the windows, remain behind to sell
cigarets or dispense soda fountain
drinks, solely because they have re-
ceived deferment on grounds Of
dependency.
II these men OF the same age are
to stay behind, let them at least get
into work more effective to help the
war. Their deferment takes them
out of military service and yet
serves no economic war purpose
whatsoever They are of military
age and therefore have the primary
duty to do war work. If their de-
pendency gives them defernent
from immediate military war work,
let them at least do something
economically useful to maintain the
nations welfare while at war.
They should get into some useful
and effective occupations or else
forfeit their deferment from mill
tary service. The alternative Is a
fair one"
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
INV Associated Presa.l

washington, July 2.--Reduction OF
$10s, 1886 in the operating income
OF 1913 Of the largest railroads dur
ing the first five months under gov
ernment control, compared with the
same period, a. year, ago were an
nounced by the Interstate commerce
In May the roads were beginning
to recover from the paralyzing eff
fects of bIizzards and embargoes,
and the operating income rose to a
point nearer last wears figures. For
the five months the total was
$1s6. .9s7,144, compared with $685.
I83.87O during that period last year
and for May it was $64, ,2T6,805
against S76, ,290, $50 last May.
In spite of the reduced operating
income, revenues of the roads actu-
ally were larger for the five months
this year than last. They were
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
Clay County Swept From
Moorhead To Barnes
vile For Heavy Loss
REGION WEST OF
ARGUSVILLE HIT
North End Of Valley, st.
Thomas To Grand Forks,
Also Smashed.

Two distinct hail storms, one OF
which apparently originated in the
territory west of ArausViIIe and east
of Arthur, Cass county, sweeping in
a southeasterIy direction through
Fargo, Moorhead. sabin, Baker to the
BarnesviIie district, where il appears
10 have spent it's force, and another
originating in the vicinity Of St.
Thomas, Walsh county, which swePt
in a southeasterIy direction TO Grand
Forks, where it crossed the Red river
and continued les work of destruction
In Minnesota, exaeted damage ssti-
mated today at from three TO five
millions Of dollars.
In Clay county alone. the loss ia
estimated at over a million Whlle
nv esEt5ERate that can be made o.
losses In Cass county can be based
only upon limited knowledge OF the
exact SCOPE of the storm, for the re-
nof.fs today do not disclose very ac@
curateIy the exact territory covered
by the ics storm in this county.
5 , The loss in Fargo and Moor
. head. where hundreds of war gar
dens and commercial truck gar
dens were almost completely de-
gtroved. is tremendous. Nobody
familiar with the gardening OPP
eratIons in the two cities today
would venture a guess as to the
losses incurred, but in most in
stances war gardens have Deen
almost completely eliminated as
a, food producing factor, and the
losses thereby are tremendous.
Driven before a high wind in some
sections, the hail slashed the growing
crops to the ground. In some cases.
the losses are total, while they range
from total down to about 20 per
cent.
In the gardens. tomato and potato
vines were stripped Of their foliage;
such products as carrots, oeets'
beans. peas, ETC., were pelted into the
ground and destroyed, while corn
stalks were shredded Of their leaves
In the residence section Of Far
- go. after the storm, the streets
were covered with foliage strip
ped from the trees. In the down
town district, snow shovels were.
resorted to by many business es-
Establishments to clear the walks
of the hail that fell to a depth OK
about two inches, and which, in
some cases, drifted to a depth OF
four and five inches.
So great was the fall Of ice and
aSgn
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
Operating Income Of 123
u. S. Railroads ShoDed Big
Decrease for FiUe Months

81, ,89O, ,2s2,620, compared with ST.
274, ,070, ,498, giving margin which
was more than eaten up by In
creased expenses.
For May, operating revenues were
S313, ,79O,1s1 as against $2s4,782, $50
in 1917. Operating expenses for
May. 1918, were 1886, ,688, 1853 against
$196, 6,798,140 for May, 1917. The net
revenue from railway operations
during May, 1918, the commission
found was SIT, 1913, only $10,-
600 600 below the net revenue in 1917,
which was $87,989,41
In reporting the figure on which
government compensation is based,
which is the railroad operating in
come less certain debts for equip
ment and joint facility rents, the
commission found that the net in
come Of the 1928 railroads for May,
1918, was $61,002,5i1 against $751;
57O,S22 in May, 1917.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
Belgian Steamer
Sunk in AtIq2ptic
fRv Associated press.l )

? washington, July 1.-THE Belgian
steamer ChiIer was sunk |, 400 miles
off the Atlantic coast on June 81. the
navy department today announced.
Twenty -flve survivors were picked up
6y a sailing vessel on June %.
The following statement was is
sued:
'sThe navy department is informed
that the Belgian steamship Chiler
was sunk by shell fire from Ger
man, submarine about 1,400 miles at
sea from the Atlantic coast on June
21. Twenty-Five survivors were res
cued on June 27 by a sailing vessel.
First information was received last
night. The Chiler was ship Of o.
966 gross tons
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02

NOqO in Prospect
(Rv Associated d Press.1

Washington, July IA huge cot
ton crop is in prospect this year, the
department Of agriculture today fore
casting, the production at 15,825,000
equivalent 500-pound bales. A crop
that size would be the third largest
ever grown. ..., -.
The condition Of the crop on June
.25 was. 85.8 per. cent of normal or
3.5 per cent better than on May %
and 6 per cent higher than the 10
year average.
The acreage this year comes close
to the record being exceeded only by
that Of 1918, ,.. ..- 7'
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
l.sTATIQNs
NoREqAsr.

wisconsin Generally fair, and
warmer tonight and wednesday,.
and ~ ednesday: warmer in in south nh snd ~
west portions tonight.
IoWa,-G Generally fair tonight and
Wednesday; warmer tonight in east
and central portions.
North Dakota-Generally fair to-
night and Wednesday,; warmer to-
night cooler Wednesday In extreme
west portion. "
splltil paSo5a-S5eneraIBy a5SSo67eT5e 1alr 70
night.
and Wednesday.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
STREET CAR STRIKE ENDS.
~ A As.rsnyoFo5 Draee

Columbus, Ohio, July 2.-Columbus
street cars were, running again today,
The strike of the motormen and con-
ductors begun early Sunday morn
ing, was brought to a close late last
night, when both the company and
the union men agreed to submit their
differences to the federal war labor
board for settlement.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-07-02
LIEUT.. METZoER RECALLED.

Williston, N. d. July 2.-Lieut.
Herbert A. Metzger, who arrived
here from Fort Sill, Okla, where he
completed course in machine gun
work, left for, Camp Dodge, Ia, where
he win train the new draft arrivals
for a. few months before going to
France, Mr.. Metzger won his COM
mission, as. first lieutenant at the
first officers training school at Fort
Smelling.