Evening star., 1918-06-04
.U-B0AT ACTIVITY
UN|F|ES COUNTRY
Hun Hope Of Psychological
Effect on United States Not
Realized. =
SPUR TO PLANS FOR WAR

Onctals in Washington believe the
|U-boat activities in American waters
to have been wholly for psychological
rather than for military effect
They argue that the submarines
were sent here as a part OF the peace
offensive" which always follows any
major Teuton military operation like
that on the western front. They be-
lieve the U-boat effort had the double
purpose in view of seeking to throw
the American people into q panic. I'M
press them with the long arm OF Ger
man militarism and also to further
bolster the morale Of the German Cd
william population. There 10 no douot
that tho submarine accomplishments
in American waters will be widely
press-agented through the central
powers.
The principal effect upon the
American people. to the German
mind, it Is held. probably was the o,ed De1
lief that American parents Is. wonid ronid
flow of American troops abroad u
the transports carrying them cou!d
be threatened on this side OF the At
lantic as W ell as in European waters.
Assurance Of Precaution.
But the Secretary Of the Navy has
given assurance that every precau-
tion is being taken here as well as
on the other side to protect trans
ports, and the best proof OF the en-
cheney of this protection lies In the
major price they sought transport.
Much speculation is heard about the
unaccustomed display of humanity on
the part of the submarine com
manders. But, it was explained, this
fits in with the purpose OF sending
the submarines over here. for II az
fords German propagandists an op-
portunity to exploit the sportsman
ship of the submarine crews. tand
opens the road for a discussion OF
their achievements without comment
upon unpleasant features OF ruthless
ness.
Classed as Another Mistake.
mistaken again" seemed to be the
universal comment on the success OF
the German psychology. Instead OF
arousing any desire for an early
peace, the submarines. SO far as ON
cials here who are in touch with pup-
lie opinion all over the country can
that OF bringing home the war to the
American people and inspiring them
to greater determination to back up
the military arm OF their government
and to greater sacrfhces toward WIN
ming the war. There is q singular
unanimous expression of newspaper
editorial opinion along this line, 1t
was stated today.
Public men in Washington are pay
ing more attention to the German
psychology than they used to; are
taking more and more into account
the collateral political and propagan-
da efforts of the Prussian. and the re-
sult of these observations has given
rise to the conviction that Germanys
knowledge of national Psychology is
decidedly of color. Insy mls.uosea d1i1o f ~
fall upon Italy; they blew up hospi-
tails and menaced Red Cross nurses
during the Red Cross drive here. and
netted the Red Cross campaign much
more than it probably would have OBJ
western front and by their new sub
marine exploit, the Germans have uni
fed and stimulated the United States.
German Course Of Reasoning.
How Germany reasons. about the
supposed reactions of other peoples
from those Of her own population Is
shown in advices received by the
state Department today. These ad-
vices state that the people of Cologne
were thrown into state or most
absolute panic by the recent air raid
Of the allied forces. Out Of 302 cas-
uaIties 146 were fatal.
likewise there came evidence that
the people OF Germany are not wholly
pleased by the recent operationMg rs OF
have begun to speculate about the
strength America is throwing into
the war. and there is evidence that
Germany is making every enort to
minimize the American military ac-
tivities.
Warned Against Impatience.
The people of Germany have been
warned by the authorities against be-
coming impatient at the slowness OF
In