South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-22

In several articles surrender
discussed the forthcoming Peace Congress with partc
rlar reference 20 the questions be
sldered and settled and the dangers which viii have
90 be surmounted I'm dealing with principles. IN the
present try 20 certain develop
ments which have followed closely upon the termina-
ZION the fighting and have in some respects Iessened
and in others the practical problems which
VIII face the Versailles gathering These problems fol-
low tie rapid rise I'm what we had learned to cau Nit
tcieuropa Of several considerable nations.
Until the Bulgarian defeat served as the first sign
~ the crumbing of the whole edlfcc built by German
arms there stretched Europe from the Baltic
10 the Black and Aegean Of territory,
dominated by German arms. constituting single unit
and consisting Of the territories Of Germany Austria
Hungary. Bulgaria Turkey. together with
lands OF the serbs the Rumanians In this
territory $4,000 600 Germans. 100000 Magyars
and 100000 Bugars and Turks we're the masters un-
der their yoke upward OF 4O,00OOO0 OF subject
including least 34,00O,oOO SavPoles Czecho-
slays and Jugo-siavs and Ruthenians Four million
Iatlns. Rumanians Italians also included in
this list OF the inferior races"
10 the dream OF the nations arms against Ger
to Hberate these subject erect in the
place OF the Hungarian monarchy not but
several states which should have racial unity and be
capable or nterposins effective and permanent bar
rier 10 German expansion i'm the Near East These
be for the future the guarantees against
return OF the German to his Mitteeuropa ambitions
Recognition by the Allies Of the aspirations OF the Ru
manians the Jugo-savs and the Czecho-slovaks was
"a sure sign what the future would hold store
should Germany lose the war.
GREAT SPECTACLE OF
MAP MAKING.
What was not clearly perceived anywhere before the
end OF the war was the tpiditv with which these ma
German military mower wa removed Therefore what
mas taken pIace in the mast two months has surprised
the world and supplied Of the most marvellous
speCtacles OF nation building and map making I'm all
European history. Since the Austrian collapse we
have greater Rumania become a solid and
comprshed fact Jugo-Slavia spring into life and the
Czecho sovak state take its place among the free
o the world. the period, but with less
defniteness Poland has been rising from her ruins.
With the rise of these several states the whole stu
tremendous transformation And the changes seemed
destined endure The problem is no longer whether
shall be marked increase in the number Of Eu-
1opan nations nut what sfa DC the oulutI9 OF u9e
new states. Tn a word the question has become mot
one Of creating but Of fixing the limits OF
which already in existence and assuming the
normal character OF nations.
And article desire first or all to set forth
statistics and facts to some Of the new nations
briefly indicate the problems which remain
Io ue settled Versailles the disputes between the
tete,~l and states which have already caused
1loodshed and assumed a threatening aspect
Exactly as old Balkan states. having escaped from
Turkish slavery, found themselves at once arrayed
against certain powers and against each other, the new
nations standing on the brink Of similar danger
which quite threatening TO world peace as the
To begin at the beginning the fall OF Austria
followed promptly by the realization OF all the Ruman
Sam ambitions In August. 1914. Rumania was state
OF So 600 square miles holding population Of 1900,
ooo ON all Sides the south and southeast where
its political and ethnographic frontiers Identical
runania was surrounded by Austrian. Hungarian and
Russian territory inhabited by Rumanians In 1917
Rtinlauia entered the Allied side seeking
to uberate million brother Iatins liv-
ing i'm Bessarabia Bukovina Transatlantic and the
Foley LEADS TO
IMMEDIATE DISASTER.
1h policy Of national partlot instinct celebrated
Elrauian patriot led immediate disaster
and Rllmania was conquered and crushed she lost
olitica1 and economic independence Hungary and Bull
.ara seized a portion Of her territory, and the sole
consideration the Rumanians the partial union
with their country OF Russian Bessarabia a union
favored by the solely 70 give them control Of
this Russian province under the color Of Rumanian
occupation
rut since Austria fell Runania swiftly and al
most completely realized her programme or 1871 FIRST
an the union OF Bessarabia with Russia was made
-or1rlete Next Rumanian troops occupied the old
Iurnanisn lands taken by Bulgaria and Austria Hun
sary Thereafter the Bukovina seized and the 10
al assembly OF Transyvania proclaimed the union OF
the province with Rumania BY these several acls
there were added 42.0OO square miles and 6OOO,Ooo
people 20 the of 1914 As it now stands the
new Greater Rumana has area OF nearly $4,000
SQUARE miles and a population of 13,5OOOOO. Rumania
has become nation with an area equal 70 that OF
me mainland OF Italy holding population greater
than OF ITALY century ago.
Nor IS the quite complete. In various adJoin-
f, HUNGARIAN districts the population is largely Ru-
rnanian and Rumanan patriots hope TO obtain at Yer
sslues Endorsement Of their claims upon most if not
Am of the Banat Temesvar, small portion of which
should rightfulIy go the Jugo-Slavia. My inn
preston IS there conflict between the Slavs
and the Rumanians the Banat, their respective
nberes having agreed upon but there is the No-
emf imposition o. the Hunsarians who have held Tenn
syar for centuries and rest their claim upon
possession. not upon INSTRUMENTATION.
Under ewes. then. and in less than two months
there has place the unhcauon Of race occupy
ing territory equal that of the mainland Of Italy
and fertile and rich in oil and coal This nation. with
compact territory a homogeneous
onulstion seems destined OF the solid facts
~ the New Europe closing the pathway OF German
ambition the Danube 20 the Slack sea AZ y err
sailles Rumania viii not seek European sanction for
Ter existence but merely settlement OF frontier dis
uutes with the MaEyars-
GREATER SERBIA BECOMES
IUGO-SI4ANlA.
10 vrr NI e hn afn