davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
TO POSTPONE TRACK
AND FIELD DAY MEET

owing 20 the visit Of secretary Nc
Adoo 10 FL Paso, Brig Gen. Robert
L Howe has announced the post
ponement Of the track and field day
events. mass singsong and boxing
events scheduled for Wednesday.
April II. and the meet viii be held
instead on Thursday, April IS. On
which date the events viii take place
as originally scheduled.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
Grains and Provisions

Chicago Grains. Close.
Corn-May sL27; July SL5OG
Oats-April SSc. May sac
Chicago Provisions, Close.
Pork-Nay S4z.85.
Lard-May $3.50: July $3.50
Ribs-May S2L05; July s2A52.
Chicago Produce, Close.
Chicago. III, April 13.-Butter higher.
Creamery 3fTHNc
Eggs-Higher. Receipts 2A750 cases
firsts Sz0S3c: ordinary firsts Sos @ sic;
at mark cases included 3OH G31izc
otatoes-Receipts 80 cars. unchanged.
Kansas City Produce. Close.
Kansas City, No. April 13--Butter-
Creamery 50 5zc: drsts Ssi5c; seconds S7ci
packing soc.
EEgs-Firsts 81 &c.
Poultry-Roosters zoe: broiIers &c.
Mexican Beans.
Mexican beans in wholesale lots in e
Paso s54 G9Hc last quotation.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
65TH DISTRICT COURT.
ILL -.ul.-l u--u---

r. 3. AlVes vs.. Frederick c..
Schwenker ct al, attachment filed.
Mrs T. r. BreedloVe vs.. .. P Breed
love, divorce. filed.
Standard Sanitary Mfg. CO. ". W
n. Laughlln. foreclosure OF lien: dlsd-
Win Green vs.. Nora Green. divorce
granted-
Ernest Roberts. executor, vs. =. L.
2rrcn & Son. Judgment for $3.50.
". S. Berkshire, administrator, rs.
'acramento Mountain Lumber Co.
.athaMar
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
BOOBIES
ON MESA AVE.
Rev. Mr.. Kniekerbocker
Says Look for Them Here,
From the South.

Civilization is about 70 be crucified
by the kaiser's hold. and II the Ger
mans win out against Great Britain.
their next step VIII be an advance on
this country through the countries Of
the south and on Il Paso. and it does
not take a long stretch OF Imagination
TO see hordes OF boches marching
along Mesa avenue as they marched
through Belgium, Servia and Poland"
said Rev. Percy r. Knickerbocker at
the Liberty loan luncheon at Hotel
Sheldon Saturday.
Capt Coo Here Soon
A telegram sent TO chairman Burt
OrndOrff by j. w. Hopes, Of the Dali
las federal reserve bank. Saturday, said
that Capt. A u. r. CeS. or the Cana
dian army. wounded in France. will
reach FL Paso the first Of next weee
10 assist In the speaking campaign OF
the Liberty loan here Capt. Coo eL-
poets TO 90 again TO the battle front
soon
Must Get Busy.
1--WE cannot get the safety Of the
civilization by talking; we have got 10
get out in zoe percent strength and
see how much we can do II is not
question Of how much We can. put In
10 90, but how much will the govern
ment allow US 70 put into the fight
II you want 10 know what VIII happen
70 US II We don't do this. read the his
tory OF Belgium OF Servia and OF Pc
land"
Tom Lea, captain OF team %. made
a plea 20 the people OF FL Paso to get
into the game and help boost for the
Liberty loan
Captains Report Amounts.
--Am-su Hrr---r a. g. a-r-.r-
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
SUE STREET CAR COMPANY
FOR $4,000 AS DAMAGES

Suit for $4,000 has been filed In
the 4lst district court by Aziz Sack
lay and wife against the FL Paso
Electric Railway company, plaintiffs
alleging that on August II, 1917,
while Mrs. Sacklay was boarding a
car at Maple and Boulevard, the con-
veyance was started with a sudden
Jerk before she had entered and she
fell, sustaining serious injuries.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
The COURTS.
s1sT DISTRICT COURT.
P. R. Price Presidinr

= n EEIeC- EEeIIIIlE-
l. n. He'll VS.. Bernard Schuster e.
al suit on note. filed.
p. A. Manville vs.. G. 3. Armstrong;
and Charles Ballard for appointment
Of receiver. filed
J. W. Eu6ank vs.. C. Il Caspary
foreclosure, filed
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
4 Fe1O HOPES

By JAMES ]. MONTAGUE


I HAVE no wish to ingeT late
Amid this earthly show;
In fact, a far distant date
I'll be content to go;
But my passing IS deereed
To realms Of heavenly bliss
hope that may live to read
Some item such as this:
William HohenzOHen, IT. formerly prince Of Germany has
been eecsd third past dooeeper The BeDsu Wagon Ds
No. ana. of Berlin
OLD age holds out charms for
Of lhes allotted span
figure sixty years should be
Enough for any
But ere shuttle of the stage
And spread my wings to fit,
hope upon printed page
To set FORTH to wit
What left Of The Kupp woEs has been Knocked DOM at
Emil Ceenbeg. junk dealer for hundred and thirty 0ne Ten
pfsgs Mr. Cresu5eg has engaged three Of the HOheHzOH
bOus break the metal and the French frontier Dh dill be
used m rebuilding Of the French iOYns.
TN willing, as I said before
To fold me little tent;
Let me but stay few years more,
And / shall be content
But ere sing my farewell song
Pm Wishful to peTuse
This item ! skim along
The mornings Of
One W. HoHenzoeu who has been employed night Daichman
The Poidam puonc factory arrested and locked last night
on charge Of vagr1nu Hoheazoen stated The examining magistrate
that he had lost position after position because Of fits Of violent U
he mas unable control SIy days said The magistrate Up fen
years ago Hohnz0n occupied important position Nth The German
government
y u ~ Ky! 40 n
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
ARIZONA K. OF C. PLAN
INCREASING FUND FOR CAMPS

PhceniX, All. ADril 13.-The Ari-
iona Knights Of Columbus VIII meet
in state council session in Phoenix.
Sunday and Monday. with about 100
delegates Plans are TO be discussed
for increasing a fund Of 225, 900. al
ready subscribed in Arizona, for war
camp activities
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
Cotton Market

New York Futures Close.
New York. April 15--Cotton futures
closed weak. Nay 30.s5: July 30.f1: Oc-
tobeE Z8-83; December $3.50; January 1881
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
THREE CIRCLE CATTLE co
TAKES OVER RANGE. CATTLE

Tucson. Ariz. April I3--The Three
Circle Cattle company has been or
EaniZed in Tucson. with capitalization
of $1,000. 900, and has taken over two
big cattle ranges IN southwestern
Graham county. from the Bonita
Creek Land and Cattle company and
from L ". Samuels. who controlled
the Three-Circle ranch IN the eastern
foothills OF the Ora ham mountains
The range Is declared one OF the
best In the southwest. with a record
OF not losing a single animal during
the severe drouth OF last fan and
winter Leo Goldschmidt heads the
new corporation with Mr.. Samuels as
manager.
About 1900 head OF cattle are In
cluded in the deal, with mature cat
tie. ready for driving. worth S100o g0
or more.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13

attendance next year viii pass the
1000 mark IL ne Is allowed 90 so
ahead with this important educa-
tional activity.
The students are m1s- eager 90 re-
celve the rudlmenLs OF an education
and 20 learn 20 become better citizens
Many % them have already secured
excellent positions IN american homes
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13

Building Permits S21 200.
Permits 70 build taken out al the
office OF the city building in
spector. Percy McGhee, f.. during
the week ended Friday. April 70.
had a total valuation Of s21.700.
The permits issued by days follow;
Permits Valuation
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
G. c. DINNER Ar DEL NORTF.

The Paso del Norte hotels ballroom
Is the place chosen for Wednesdays
dinner Of the chamber Of commerce
and united clubs OF the city and the
hour Is set for 1915 p. m. according to
president o. c. Coles. The program
viii be announced later.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13

Phoenix. Ariz- April 13.-In the lat
ter part Of April Arizona will send
$40 men to Camp Funston for the na-
uonal army. The local contingent
viii be the largest. numbering 76.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13

At a recent election Ia Medford. n. J..
a school board composed entirely q WON
en- was selected.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13
Deeds Filed, S68,455;
Building Is S2I,700

Warranty deeds filed in the Of
flee OF the county clerk. W D.
Greet. during the week ended April
u had a total valuation Of SIS. ass.
The filings by days follow:
nun-ana-r
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13

I HAVE no wish to ingsr late
Amid this earthly show;
In fact, at no far distant date
III be content to go;
But ere my passing IS deereed
To realms Of heavenly bliss
| hope that ] may live to read
Some item such as this:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-04-13

Stewart Davis. Arnold Gulick, Mert1
Haden, Robert Biuford. William War
rem. Thomas Mariner.
To win one Of these medals a scout
had 70 sell a minimum Of $500 worth
Of bonds among ten different families.
49, --.---------- .
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
TO GIVE BANQUET
FOR 18TH MEN
Reception Committee Plans
Welcome For COunty'S Re-
turning Soldiers.

Plans for the reception Of the men
from the 137th regiment when thev
return TO the county. and including
a banquet in their honor, were made
Monday morning by the committee
appointed for this purpose BY Mayor
Carson.
Mai Charles p. Calvert and Nal.
Fred A. Dennis. two of the members
OF the committee. met with Mayor
Carson and decided that a banquet
in honor OF the returning soldiers
would be the best reception that
could be rendered them. Capt Frank
F. Dolph. the other member of the
committee. was unable TO attend the
meeting Monday.
In addition 70 the banquet, a COM
mittee OF prominent county citizens
will be sent 20 indianapolis 10 es-
cort the returning men to the cOun-
ty. There will be a band and a dele
cation of citizens at the station 20
meet the men upon rheir arrival
IN the city and will escort them to a
central point i'm the down town dis
triCt where the soldiers viii be al
lowed 10 go 20 their homes.
The banquet viii not be held the
same day that the men return. The
committee feels that the men them
selves would rather spend the first
day or two after their return in Wis
iting relatives and friends. The ban
quet VIII he given a day or two afte.
the men arrive.
Just when the men will be home is
not definitely known. Mayor Carson
received word that the regiment
would probably leave Camp Merritt
Tuesday for Indianapolis. and would
remain in that city about eight days
This would make the time Of their
arrival here sometime during the
early nart OF next week.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
SUSPEND OFFICER
PENDING PROBE Of
LIQUOR CHARGES
Long Grey 0verCOat Plays
Mystery Part in Chain
of Circumstances.

Parolman Arthur Peterson
charged with forcing men to paw
him anywhere from $25 to $50 for
not arresting them when found in
the unlawful possession of liquor
and who was badly beaten by eight
men early Saturday morning. was
suspended from the department
Monday morning on the order OF
Chief OF Police Kline.
In order that more thorough in
vestigation into the charges made
against Patrolman Peterson may be
conducted, Judge Gilmer Monday
morning continued the cases against
Tony Manski and Frank Demkili.
charged with being two of the eight
men who assaulted Peterson early
saturday morning. were continued
20 Jan. in city court.
Chief Kline is closely guarding the
long dark grey overcoat worn by the
man who has been holding up the
west side citizens, the ovorcoat to be
used as evidence in an effort to fix
the identity Of the guilty one.
The overcOat belongs 10 Patrol
man Edward Walters. and is be-
lieved 10 have been taken by the one
who is guilty Of holding up the west
side men, according TO Osmar King.
a railroad detective.
According 70 King. he was ap-
. preached last Wednesday by two
men from the west end who tipped
him of that they had been held up
while carrying a suitcase of liquor
by a supposed officer who. when
asked concerning his identity. gave
the name of King and extracted
from the two men q sum OF money
before allowing them 10 go on
When King asked what kind OF a
looking man held them up. he was
told that a large man with q Ions
grey coat and cap was doing the
holdup work
Detective King stated that he be-
came suspicious at once. and fran
ed" on the holdup man. He went
20 Patrolman Ed Walters. who walks
the New York Central beat during
the day. and told him Of the situa-
ton. Walters. too. had gotten WIND
OF the early morning hOldupS. and
was anxious to nab the offender
Walters owns a long grey overcoat
and cap which he keeps in the po-
. lice box at the corner of Sample and
I Michigan streets and IL occurred tC
him that this might be the overcoa'
that was used.
King then told the men from tht
. west end that II they were held NJ
again. 20 Erapple with the holduI
man and hold him until the polio,
were called.
When officer Walters went 10 ge
I his raincoat Sunday morning h.
CONTINUED OK PAGE SEVEN,
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
President Will
Return Before
Congress Quits
Authoritative Announce
ment Promises Action
on Late Bills.
IuternationaI News Service


WASHINGTON, Dec. 30.-Prest
Wilson win return to the United
States before the present congress
adjourns, on March 3, It was an
nounced at the white house execu-
tive offices today. 1t was stated that
no matter what the situation might
be the president would return be-
fore that date, in order 10 act upon
the last minute bills that will be put
through before adjournment. If de-
velopments warranted it the presi-
dent would then return 10 Europe
to resume his participation In the
peace conference. IT was stated.
Ordinarily bills passed by con
gress automatically become a law II
the president fails either 10 sign or
TO vote them within 10 days. But
those measures that have been
passed and which lack presidential
action when congress adjourns sine
die automatically are vetoed. II
would be impossible for the presi-
dent to act from abroad in the mat
ter Of the last minute measures it
was pointed out. and because of this
he has given assurance that he viii
be i'm the United States before con-
gress adjourns.
The possibility Of his returning TO
Europe after adjournment depends
entirely upon developments I'm the
meanwhile. white house officials
said
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
MAURITANIA BRINGS
BACK 1869 VETERANS

international News Service.
NEW YORK. Dec. 30.-With @ 1859
veterans ON board the Cunard liner
Nauretania arrived here today from
Brest Most of the homecoming
lighters viii eutrain during the doy
for Camps Upton. Dix. Pike Dodge.
Funston. sherman. Custer. Grant
and Taylor
Among the aS civilian passengers
on the liner were William O.. sharp.
American ann bassa dor 20 France. and
his SON The ambassador sailed
from Erest ON Christmas eve owing
to the illness OF his brother in the
United States Five officers of che
war risk bureau also were among
The civilian passengers.
The soldiers aboard included the
entire 247th infantry with the eNcep-
rion of co. IT. and SEA wounded Of
fcers and men. The 347th trained
at Camp Custer. Mich.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
International News Service .

Internatfona- News Service
WASHINGTON. Dec. &0.-A bud
get system TO supplant the present
fiscal system in congress will be
strongly advocated by republicans.
Rep. Martin B. Madden Of Illinois
and other influential republican
members stated today.
Madden explained that the repuo-
ucan leaders in the next congress
had not yet determined exactly
what form the proposed budget sys
tenn should take. but suggested the
creation of a Joint congressional
board Of estimates made up OF sen
ators and representatives 10 super
wise = congressional appropriations
and government expenditures. He
and other republican members who
favor an entire new method Of na-
tional financial legislation would
have the house committees which
row have charge OF appropriations
and other fiscal matters made sub
ordinate 20 the proposed board Of
estimates. or reduced 10 the status
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
Republicans VIII Urge
Budget System for u. S.
Rep. Madden Declare S

OF subcommittee acting IN an ad-
visory capacity 10 the board itself.
When the republican members Of
the next house hold their first eau
Gus about the middle Of January
plans for working out such a sys-
TEN will he aired by those leaders
who are. they declare. committed u
sweeping changes, or reforms in
the existing method Of handling ap-
preparation bills and other financial
legislation by a dozen or more scat
tered senate and house committees.
They will move that a budget sys-
TEN. with the proposed board Of es-
Inmates 10 assume charge OF IL, be
su INSTITUTED "in order that congress
may get down 10 a more business
like. expeditions and common-sense
financial basis"
Repu blicans point 70 the months
which have elapsed since work was
started by the house ways and means
committee on the pending revenue
bill as one argument for 'speeding
up" financial legislation ~ congress.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
TROLLEY STRIKE
IS THREATENED
Milwaukee May be Tied Up by
WaIkOut on New
Years Eve.
InternaLLnnaI - -

LAlr. lt Ii"NaI NNA@ service
MILWAUKEE. Wis. Dec. o0.-
Conference We're started today in an
effort Of the state. city trolley COM
pany and employees TO avert the
strike. which has been voted for New
Years eve az midnight
If the strike is called fl viii ae the
most serious ever known here. for it
viii involve practically every mile
OF trolley trackage in The city. i'm
terurban service over q stretch Of $50
miles OF track and $500 car men.
In addition it viii take out all COM
mercial lighting employees and the
city is dependent upon the single
company for its entire trolley and
light facilities
Gov Philip Mayor Hoan and
Prest Mortimer Of the company
went into conference this afternoon
with the employees The company
and employees. however remain firm.
the company declaring i- VIII grant
no raise and The men being deter
mined % strike unless an increase
OF four cents an hour Is granted.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
Townsend Wants
to Know More
of Russ Policy
Michigan Senator Declares
American Forces Are in
Danger of Disaster.
International News service: :

international News Service.
WASHINGTON, Dec. S0.-A new
demand for a statement OF the
American policy in Russia was made
in the senate this afternoon by sen.
Townsend OF Michigan.
why are cur troops tbere?" he
asked. What is this indefinite
speculative problem that must await
the conclusion of the peace confer
ence for solution? l don't know.
But I want to know ard so do the
people of the country"
sen. Townsend read TO the senate
Il telegram from the Michigan war
preparedness board which declared
that the men of the 329th regiment.
1000 of whom are now at Archan-
gel, are Outnumbercd 15 TO / and
are in danger of determination un-
less they are reinforced or with
drawn.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
I'D TIGER" OF FRANCE ROUTS III HIS OPPONTTO
OUNTY NOW PROPOSES COLISEUM At SPRINGBROO
"White Way" Revived.
Motoring Next Spring.
Society Waking Up.
Boomers Out of Style.

soon be possible to go auto riding
without being fined. Gasoline sup
plies will permit about half normai
use sOr automobiles by spring. The
food ministry has arranged for the
purchasing Of poultry without the
surrender OF meat coupons.
The social season. which for four
years has been tabooed. has been re-
vived. Dances and gay functions OF
all sorts are gradually becoming
popular again. The king and queen
have signalized the peace season
by appearing frequently at light
hearted amusements in evening
clothes
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
SAILORS LAND SAFELY
AFTER GREAT HARDSHlPS
International News Service

international News Service.
QUEENSTOWN, Ireland. Dec 80
Capt. NcAlpine and tive other Ca
madam seamen from the schooner
Jane Cox which was abandoned at
sea, arrived here today after terri
bic hardships The Jane Cox had
sailed from Queenstown and sprang
"a leak during a gale ON the second
day out. For five days mountainous
billOws swept the vessel while the
men had nothing 10 eat but biscuits
soaked with salt water They We're
finally picked mp from open boats
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
SAYS
INDEMNITY HAS
BEEN SETTLED
But Allies Have Not Intimated
That Question Has Been
Discussed.
InLcrnatIonaI - servicc !:


LONDON. Dec. 3O.-Dr. Matthias
Erzberger. German centrist leader
and state secretary TO Chancellor
Ebert. i'm speaking on the proposed
league of nations at Berlin. declared
that Germany and the allies have
settled the indemnity question, said
a News Agency dispatch from Am
sterdam today.
Erzberger was quoted as saying
that the conclusion has been reach
ed. that each country should bear
its direct war costs. although Ger
many would be compelled TO in
demnify the occupied districts of
France and Belgium and pay the
losses inflicted on the civil popula-
tion of the allied nations.
All other damages. ErzberFer was
reported as saying unless specially
mentioned i'm notes. must be paid
10y each country. the method of pay
ment TO be settled at the peace CON
ference
There has been no previous public
intimation that the allies have dis
cussed the question OF indemnify
with Germany
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
HUNT MlSCREANT WHO
CLIPPED PLYMOUTH ROCK

International News Service
PLYMOUTH Mass. Dec a0-Tt
was discovered today that some mis-
creant has Clipped Off piece of
historic Plymouth Rock. a piece of
the famous stone. the size Of "A mans
fist. is gone The caretaker believes
the thief climbed over the top Of the
iron grating which surrounds the
sacred rock. The Pilgrim society,
which has the custody OF the stone.
has started an Investigation
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
TROUBLE BREWING IN
TURKISH POLITICS
international News Service

LONDON. Dec. 30.-A political
debacIe IS imminent in Turkey said
an Exchange Telegraph dispatch
from Athens today
Grave disorders broke out in the
Turkish chamber of deputies NJ Con-
stantinOpIe as a result Of opposition
by the young Turks 10 certain meas
ures.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
NAVY BIC As
ANY, US. NEED
DANIELS SAYS
Secretary Tells House Mem
berS Policing Under League
of Nations Would be
Largely Naval.
Internntlonnl News Serrlcs: /:

inter hutANudA news SCI VIZ.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 30.-The
United States must have a navy sec
ond 70 none. if not superior to any.
if she is to play part in the future
policing Of the world commensurate
with her size, power and wealth,
Sec'y Daniels declared this after
noon. when he appeared before the
house naval affairs committee.
Sec'y Daniels added that the pO-
Icing Of the world, which he said
would be necessary for the preser-
vation of peace and the maintenance
Of a league of nations, would "be
largely naval"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30

Thousands of girls who donned
divers styles OF war dress. mainly
of the pantaloon pattern, must now
get used 10 wearing skirts again. Ii
will soon be out Of style for a young
woman in knee skirts - go hOnking
through the streets on a motorcycle
in the uniform of the Royal all
force. with an aviator in the side
car.
The proportion Of Anzacs. Canad-
ians. Scots, Yankees and Tommies
in uniform, parading the streets
grows less daily, while those in civil.
ian clothes seem to increase.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-30
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
GOES TO Europe.

WASHINGTON, Dec. &0.-Asst.
Sec'y Of the Navy Franklin d.
Roosevelt left today for New York
10 sail on the Leviathan for Europe.
to expedite the settling up Of the
navy departments foreign business.
He will be accompanied by T. J.
Spellacy Of Hartford. Conn. as gen
eral counsel, and Commander John
NJ. Hancock Of the navy bureau OF
supplies and accounts.