The daily Alaskan., 1918-06-28
Leather, of Course, but Thers
 Are Lots of Other Things.
FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD.
Reading tho Story of the Materials That Are Used In Turning Out Mod. ern Footsear To Like Taking Lea. son In Commercial Geography.

shoe is made. Count on 1t sixty differ ent items of material; also different items of labor. That shows many of the things in a case. And there may be others.
 Whence come the materials? When you look at a shoe you see the four cor ners of the globe pulled together in 1t.
 Begin with the bottom, or sole, made from the hide of a Texas steer, tanned in oak from Pennsylvania forests. And the heel Is of South American dry hide, tanned in hemlock bark.
 It's a kidskin shoe you have? It looks it, although one never can tell for sure these days. The vamp is made of a goat of Brazil. It is tanned with chrome from New Caledonia, Is black ed with logwood from Jamaica and is glazed with glass from Austria.
 The top Is of kid skin tanned in Ni- gerla, brought to Massachusetts and there retanned and finished. The tongue is of sheep leather. The sheep grew in Argentine. The leather Things are of skins of sheep that grew in Australia. The skins were tanned In sumac from Sicily.
 Some of the leather Is treated with fiat liquor," an emulsion made Of cod oil from Labrador and acids from one of the new American chemical labora- tories.
 Yet only a few of the things that the tanner used in making the shoe have been mentioned. He also uses in his mystery of tanning "dlvi-div" from the East Indies, valonia from Turkey, myrobolans from India and algarobtlla from the land knows where, salt from Michigan, sawdust from Maine mtlls, egg yolk from Russia, blood from Chi cago and degras from France-and a few other things from few other coun- tries besides.
 If there's any fellow under the sun, from an Eskimo to a Patagonian or from a Hottentot to Korean, who has A hide or skin to sell, he can get his price for it If he will show 1t to Yan- kee tanner, for the Yankee tanner Is buying pelts everywhere.
 The leather of which the shoe Is made is fastened together with thread of Irish linen or Georgia cotton. The lactngs are of Egyptian or long fiber Sea island cotton, tough and strong. The buttons are of bone, pearl or paper, American or European. The eyelets are of brass, coated with celluloid.
 The tacks are made by the million in Massachusetts of steel. The same ts true of the heel nails and of the shRnks In the arches of the shoe. If person prefers wood pegs that won't scratch hardwood floors in the heels Of his shoes he may get them at a New Hampshire shop.
 The welt may be of pigskin. The pis was killed In Packingtown, and his pelt was tanned in Massachusetts. Ills bristles were saved and made into brushes for cleaning the shoe.
 Between the Outsole and the msole of the shoe is the filler" compost tlon of rubber from Ceylon cut with naphtha and mixed with ground cork from Portugal.
 The insole perhaps is of good bark tanned leather But 1t may be of fiber. coated with a sheet of leather. The box toe may also be of leather. But more likely It is of felt. filled with shellac to make it stiff. Likewise tho counter may be of leather. But more likely 1t Is of leather board or celluloid or of scraps of leather pasted together with flour paste and compressed.
 The felt is made from waste woolen, perhaps old coats. The shellac is from the lac tree of India, and the leather board is made down in Maine of shred. ded leather, hemp and Jute from India and other things.
 Yet a few more things are used in the making of shoe. The last, over which the shoe is fashioned, Is of ma' pie from Michigan. The patterns, by which the uppers are cut, are of paper board, made from old newspapers.
 They are bound with brass. The brass Is stripped from them after they become obsolete, and 1t is used for braEing the steel dies with which leath' CT Is cut for several parts of the shoe. The brazing is done fin an electric hame or in fire of Pennsylvania coal.
 The snowy white lining is made from cotton of Dixie land The top facing is of silk made In New Jersey mills. and the gold leaf on it may be truly a product of El Dorado. .a.
 The edges of the heels and soles arc burnished with wax, which comes from Brazil, and the shoes are blacked with 8 backing of which wax is chief part.
 There are forty-seven other things fin a shoe. But enough already has been told. What does fellow expect these days of high pricesf Enough already has been said to make a lesson in commercial geography incorporating the four corners of the globe, as well as few things above and few things below the globe, and it's all for tho price of one pair of shoes.-Salem News.