davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10

arrayed against such revolution =.
the social system? Over against ~
realization of the democratic st.ts
there are in country so old as En.
land, which has lived through fen
dalism and led the world in can;t.,
ism, the great public schools and ola
universities of Oxford and Cam
bridge, the training ground of thu
governing and possessing classes.
there is Church, not indeed to.d.u
hostile, but in the main fearful ~
change and reluctant to venture.
there is still the overshadowing now.
err of the land owner, which tha
American, leaving the great town,
and penetrating to rural England
feels to be still feudal in action. M.
ternal in methods and the enemy Of
freedom; there is the enormous
though unseen but not unfelt, power
of finance. And every month in
which the war is prolonged the lat
ter power becomes more formidable
There is, too, the English metood
CT offering the newcomer a share ia
conciliate him. Thus it has been
time after time that labor leaders
have become permanent officials O,
the government and their powers
transferred to the state as it is:
George Lansbury, Labor Member for
the East End Of London, could saw
that the insurance act found iobs
for numberless eX-Socialists and ex.
trade unionists.
But, after all, it is with labor and
with the great mass Of the working
people that the hope Of the future Of
Britain lies.
They have not failed in war; it IL
the belief Of the writer that in the
longer and even sterner trials of the
days Of peace and rebuilding they
too will not fail.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
Standardization

Upon those at Washington who are
attempting to evolve standard equip
ment rests q tremendous responsible
ity. Equipment must be produced that
is modern in every respect. 1t must be
possible to operate it as efficiently as
the most modern equipment that we
now have. If an attempt is made to
build either cars or locomotives cheap
ly by eliminating patented devices
which are essential for economies both
in operation and in maintenance, there
can be only one result-disappoin
ment and a great reflection on those
who stand sponsor for the designs.
1t would be a national calamity
should the equipment be standard
lied at the expense Of modernization
and efficiency. The problem is an en-
gineering one and nothing else.
Any drastic Standardization Of
equipment is bound to be reflected
in increased operating expenses. 1t
will be a boomerang to those who
father it.
There must be no mistake made in
standardization - Rai.aUGu Ace Gu
zette.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
Insurgents
Out for Good

A member of the British Parlia-
ment in a speech some months ago
said that the Labor party would
never receive back their own mem.
bcrs who separated from them in the
crisis of the war. He meant that
the party would be poorer by the
loss of Philip Snowden, Ramsay Mac
donald, Benjamin Jowett and others
Mover could there be a bigger mis-
take than to imagine that this will
happen.
1t is true chat in England, as in
every country, a small minority of
Socialists stressed the international
aspect more strongly than the ma
tional. But there has been no split.
The writer was present at a great
trade union congress when Philip
Snowden dashed the members for 60
ing back on their principles and Join
lrg the government. They chee.ed
him, and they have always been
ready to listen to Macdonald and
JoWett. So far from being ostra-
cized after the war, these men will
lave gained, because they were Of
tered place and big money in the
government and they refused to take
either. 1t is the members like
Barnes, John Hodge and others WHO
Will lose in reputation. Henderson.
who joined the British government
as Minister of Education and later
as Labor Minister, has gained i'm
mensely III inf lence and reputation
with trade unionists since he left IL
Whatever be the future of labor
therefore, they will not lose the helm
and ability Of Snowden, Macdonald
and others after the war.
The tide, therefore, is set STRONGLY
toward the collective and cooperative
state. The barriers of individualism
arc beng swept on. one side. That
being so, the Labor party makes no
patchwork proposal. To-day, Mr.
Henderson believes, marks the end of
en- age in European civilization. To
stand still is to fall back. Labor sets
Its face forward. Eve do not exnect
10 reach our goal" said he, Gin
we do not expect to
reach it just in the way we hope;
we are full of the highest hope here
because we believe the future of this
country and the British Common
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
AK Laws Are
Controlling Factor

Tax laws in New England, par
ticularly Massachusetts and Con-
necticut, are controlling factors on
the municipal bond market in these
states. Massachusetts has the
largest debt and ordinarily the best
credit of any state in the Union. The
recent loan placed by the state was
retailed around A.40 per cent basis
in twenty-four hours. Bostons are
ruling around q lao to a AGO per
cent basis, with not much more than
odd lots to be had Massachusetts,
cities are not very prolific with
long time bond issues. They are
accustomed to finance themselves
temporarily on short time pa,.cr,
running from two to eight months
and prepared and certified by some
substantial New England trust
company with the approval of COM
petent attorneys on the note itself.
The demand for this type of paper
always exceeds the supply.
The conditions of the New York
market insofar as the savings banks
are concerned are sound, but without
the interesting features now exist
ing in other states. The demand is
only fair and the production is req
sonably large, SO that there does not
appear to be the eager competition
Tor New York State municipals that
has existed in the past.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
Municipal Bond
Market Is Active
In Many Sections
Demand Growing Owing to Tax
Exemption, While Supply
Is Limited

TIME municipal market of the
United States is a huge ag-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10

j, day is the real power, political pow
er is nugatory.
Hilaire Belloc and his inseparable
friend, Gilbert Chesterton, have pict-
ured, under a system of collectivism,
nothing but q huge bureaucracy
Here, they cry, is the servile state in
action, place for every one and
every one in his place. Nothing
flightens the Briton so mucn as a
permanent restriction Of his per-
sonal liberty. Even an archbishop
in the House Of Lords could say that
he would rather have England free
than sober. Against the fear, just
or otherwise, at any rate, the guild
offers a way of escape. The guild is
therefore ferment within labor it.
scif-a labor movement within the
labor movement. You have the plain
tendency to huge amalgamations of
labor and of capital, and of ultimate
state ownership and control, and you
have, at the same time, keen strug-
gle going forward in labor itself for
personal freedom and self-determi-
nation.
Politically labor has made lately
great forward move. The cooper
alive movement, with two millions
of members, is coming toward the
labor party.
So that to-day, for the first time,
The political labor party, cooperators,
the trade unions, the women's labor
leagues are now working together,
and with the women's vote in pros
pect they have the means to become
the dominant power. At a recent
congress they laid down their pro-
gramme. 1t included national owner
ship and control of railways, mines,
the land and shipping, and provided
for the freedom of the workers. At
the same time the doors Of the party
were thrown open to any one who
subscribed to it's principles. Formerly
one could belong only by joining a
trade Union or some body in connec-
ton with the Labor party. Some of
the best brains in Britain had, there
fore, to join, as Mr.. Cole had, the
Gas Workers or some other union in
order to join the Labor party. Now
it is all changed, and we may see an
Influx of keen, young minds. eve
have had," Mr.. Henderson remarked
to the writer, "a large number of
letters from officers at the front
who are interested in the fut-
ure of labor, and a number at the end
of the war '. Ill join u.s." For the
first time labor is taking a definite
part in international politics and is
making it's voice heard and influence
felt. 1t has been suggested that Mr..
Henderson should represent Great
Britain as it's ambassador at Petro-
grad.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
An Unutopian
Labor Leader

The chief protagonist of it is
q. E. d. Cole. He is typical prod
uct of the twentieth century labor
movement-young, like all the guilds
men; keen, and a fellow of Magdalen
College, Oxford. He has ideas, and
they are by no means Utopian; and
he is known as the author of the best
books on modern labor problems.
There is distinct, though not a
plangent and discordant, cleavage of
thought and action between the guilds
and the orthodox school of labor, led
by the Webbs. The latter steers politi-
cal power. The guild argues that,
without economic power, which to-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
What Organization
Would Accomplish

| In the third place, our organiza-
ton should provide with the utmost
speed adequate training schools
where men and women NAV be
trained for the industrial needs of
the country as officers and soldiers
are now being trained for the mill
tary needs. This will, in many re-
spects, be the most important work
OF our organization. Instead Of
waiting until special kinds of skill
are needed, it should anticipate the
need and have men and women
trained. They should, while under
going the course of training, be paid
standard minimum wage which
will enable them to live.
The first two parts of the work
/ OF our organization will provide the
essential industries with such un-
skilled labor as they require, will
also provide a certain amount Of
skilled labor such as is alread,
framed and capable Of being fitted
IN, and will provide employment for
every worker in a non-essential in
dustry who can be fitted into the
essential industries. The third phase
of the work Of our organization will
provide an immediate living wage
tor every one who cannot at once be
11tted into an essential industry and
Will also provide a course of train
ing which will soon fit him in at
some point where he can earn more.
No Uncomfortable
Suffering
IT our organization will undertake
these three kinds of work on a COM
prehensive scale we can transfer all
our productive energy from the non
essential to the essential industries
without any suffering, and with only
such inconvenience or hardship as
all high-spirited and loyal people are
ready and willing to endure for the
sake of winning the war. This will
enable US to mass our man power
where it is needed and to avoid the
mistake of scattering shot too much
This war will be won, not by the side
which has the most man power. but
by the side which manages to mass
the most man power at the points
where it is needed. We have the
man power; the next thing is to
mass it where it is needed. Nothing
else will win the war. The more
comprehensive and thoroughgoing
our plans for the massing of our
vast man power, the sooner we get
them into operation, the sooner the
war will be over.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
Efficient Organization
Would Minimize Hardships

In order to meet this situation
adequately and reduce the hard
ships and discomforts of the transi-
ton to the absolute minimum there
must be an organization. This or
ganization must be big enough to
cover the whole country and to pen
citrate into every nook and corner.
The Department Of Labor in Wash
ington is already organizing for the
purpose of handling this problem.
However, unless it is adequately sup
ported, so that it may reach into
every neighborhood, it may be like
fire department with one thousand
feet of hose trying to fight a fire
which is two thousand feet from
hydrant. The first thing to do is to
see that the organization can &C.
tually reach every case.
Having once perfected an organi-
cation adequate to deal with the
problem, it must, in the main, work
out its own methods of procedure.
No man is wise enough to foresee
every difficulty which may arise.
However, there are a few things
which it must obviously do. In the
first place, it should aid in the dis
tribution Of the war work in order
that as much of it as possible be
taken over by those industries which
have had to cut down their produc-
ton of non-essentials. In some
cases--no one can say in advance
how many-there need be no clos
ing down or partial closing down Of
factories. They can simply turn to
other kinds Of work, to the work
which produces necessaries rather
than Injuries.
In the second place, our organi-
zation should catalogue every per-
son who is or is likely to be thrown
out OF work by the closing of nom
essential industries. Every persons
training and capabilities should be
noted and recorded. Then, as far
as possible-no one can say in ad
vance how far this will be possible
the persons so catalogucd should be
drawn upon for the labor which will
be required for the necessary ex
pansion OF certain essential indus
tries which must be greatly ex-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10

ME municipal market of the
United States is a huge ag-
gregate of individual mar
kets, all collectively governed by the
laws of supply and demand and the
general prosperity of the country,
and each Individually by the tax and
savings bank laws of the several
states as we'll as by numerous other
complex local factors. The insur-
ance companies, fraternal orders and
savings banks are perhaps the
largest consumers, and since the
prosperity Of these large concerns
is linked with the prosperity of the
country at large the tendency of
the municipal market will naturally
be governed by our countrys gen
eral wellbeing.
AT the present time many factors
are at work which would lead to the
conclusion that higher prices for
municipal bonds are likely. The
question of supply is perhaps the
most important. Ever since our en-
trance into the European war there
has been tacit effort on the part
of municipal authorities to reduce
expenditures to the minimum and
eliminate all unnecessary improve
montS The rpcontIv for,,,o1 o,u;+,
issues committee, which has been
given national supervision of all
matters of this character, will un-
questlonably restrict the output of
municipal securities very drasticallv
during the balance of the war
While this process has been SLOWLY
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
War fastened
Amalgamation

The shock of Armageddon has
FASTENED amalgamation. The en-
ployer sees that it is the day of big
business. There have been during
the war large amalgamations in
steel, iron, coal and especially in
banking. AS an example, one might
cite the United Diaries trust. At
the outbreak of the war London's
milk for some seven million people
was supplied by dozens of dairy COM
ranies, who ratified their competing
cans down every street. To-day there
is the trust. Against these great
commercial trusts the trade unions
are uniting. There is the solid pha-
lanx of the railmen, tubemen, bus
and tram drivers, transport workers
and miners. 1t is called the Triple
Alliance; that in itself is a mass Of
organized workers running up to
two and half millions. Obstinate
and conservative as the British
worker is, he is at last uniting. Then
the state has stepped in and con-
trolled industry to an extent that is
not even now understood.
Considering the nation to-day i'm
partially, one sees these vast legions
Of united workers growing, and on
the other side huge trusts, and botn
more and more controlled, though
not possessed, by the state. So men,
acing did the British Parliament
consider these great battalions of
opposed interests that councils of
working men and of employers were
set up in order to promote an under
standing and harmony in all trades.
At present however, only in one trade
the pottery-has a united council
materialized. These are called the
Whitley Councils. But there is an
other movement in progress which
in the future is bound to affect in
dustry and labor, if it does not revo-
lutionize them. To Americans the
matter may seem merely an affair of
domestic labor politics. But in re-
atty it is great deal more than
this. Gould Socialism" claims to
hold the future of labor democracy
in its hands. 1t is essentially demo-
cratic. The railways are to be not
crly worked by but controlled by
railway men and the mines by the
miners. For the future the men in
every trade are to know something
of the whole business of production
itself, and are to take cognizance of
its profits, secrets now known to the
owners alone. The whole objective
OF the young and growing movement
is TO capture the real control of in
dustry.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
Especial Correspondence
London. February go.

A BOUT a month after the out
N break Of the war Mr.. Sidney
- A Webb neld a meeting in the
London School of Economics to dis
cuss reconstruction after the war,
and from that day to this there has
been an increasing output of lect-
ures, articles, books and committees
just on this subject: How are we in
England going to live together after
the war? Next to the war itself, it
Is easily the first question in the
minds of the people.
Coming away from one of series
of these lectures, which explained
P!ato's Republic, More's Utopia and
the Kingdom of Heaven-a choice of
good things for the working man to
select from as types of the future
state-I asked the secretary of the
Federation of Trade Unions what
he thought Of it. He replied:
"There's not enough meat in these
Things; give me something that l can
bite on"
AS reconstruction is an eminently
practical affair it seems reasonable,
when we try to estimate it's scope
and direction, first to look around
and to see what the facts are to-day,
what way is the tide flowing? WHAT
direction is industry taking? Mat
thew Arnold said that three-fourths
of life is conduct; and three-fourths
of rebuilding the nation will be found
to consist in facing the facts, and
rot imagining that they are some
tning quite different from what they
are.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10
By T. N Carver
Professor of Economics in Harvard University

banded. It must be borne in mind
that, even with the most rigid econ
omy, more labor is going to be
needed during this war than ever
was needed before; that the demand
for additional labor in the essential
industries will more than balance
any possible falling off in the de-
nland in the non-essential indus
tries.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-03-10

pTOducer VINO must be reached. The
best, the most effective and the most
scientific method is simply to in
crease our income taxes until we
are forced to cut our consumption
down to essentials. A somewhat
more clumsy and less scientific
method would be to put US on ra-
tons and forbid anybody to pur-
chase anything which he could not
show that he clearly needed. The
only other method is to persuade
people voluntarily to cut their con-
sumption down to the essential min
imum and to spend the money thus
saved in the purchase of war saw
ing stamps and Liberty bonds.
The next question, and in some
respects the more difficult question,
is what to do with the labor which
is now employed in the non-essen-
tial industries. The closing down
of non-essential industry or the
reduction of the scale of production
to the essential limits will undoubt-
eddy throw some men out of en-
ployment. If it would not save man.
power, coal or raw materials, moth
ing would be gained by it.
In the first place, the necessary
expansion of the essential indus
tries requires a great increase in
the supply of labor. This alone will
take care Of all those who are fitted
for the particular kinds of work
which are needed. Our farmers are
at their wits end to know where
they are going to get help. The
shipyards are calling for men by
the tens of thousands. There never
was a time when men were in such
demand. When our government
stopped the distillation of potable
alcohol there was no great difficulty
in utilizing the labor power for
other purposes, though there were
doubtless individual cases of hard
ship. 1t is not probable that any
war can ever be carried on without
inf1icting hardship in individual
cases. Nevertheless, everything pos
sible should be done to reduce these
hardships to the minimum.
In many individual cases there
will be men and women who cannot
easily turn their skill to account in
the essential industries. In other
cases it will involve moving from
the place called home to another
place. Even though the other place
is equally desirable, nevertheless the
change may involve some real hard
ship in addition to the inevitable
regrets. However, provided the
transition can really be made with
out severe hardship or positive dis
comfort, it will be only such a loss
and sacrifice as every true citizen
must be prepared to make in time Of
war and which our laboring people,
like ali right-minded people, are per-
fectly willing to make.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1918-12-15

titled with flowers
Paris went Wild this morning upon
the arrival Of the president. bot Il vas
more Wild tonight the four years
Of mourning and sorrow seem 70 have
been forgotten. IT is Tire awakening 81
France from the heavy burdens OF
war. Paris is again Paris, but more
gay than the Paris ~ other days.
The city is ablaze with linmina.
ton. The houievards are iammed
with dancing ard snoin9 througs
with American soldiers as fayorito
dacin0 partners.
The French capital and every other
part Of Franec--for this Is a national
holiday--aro stirred as France has
never before been stirred. An claooes
OF people in the capital tonight are
singing the praises Of the United
States and "Wilsonll Wilson! vii
son," and everywhere the American
leader is greeted as the representa-
tive Of the ideals now drawing upon
Europe.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1918-12-15

Elijah Walter Hclton, Abynum.
Died Of Disease.
SERGEANTs
Robert - Thompson. san Antonio.
Frnesi HArdeman. Holt,
Sumpter e. Reed. Post City.
Jos TaN lor Hamilton.
Christopher g. lHagcr Rule.
Roger g pucNctt Temple
Wilham J.. Hlakensnlp, Round Tim
Der
Thomas y Brawley Poolviilc.
Basil A. Daninl. laian.
William II George Eagle Pass.
.sicRGIcAN TS
William Alien Taylor Temple
l1uin Helms Wichita Fails
Wounded Severely.
Thomas o. Choato. Fort Worth.
HAIRY @ Lassitor Eikhurt
Lee rittmpn knight
Charles Rails. Houston.
Clarence @. Reed RioVista.
John G. Robinson Alvin.
Dewitt G.. Robinson, ALVIN.
Eddie T. Elllslon Mineral Wells
ffuuk j. Nrehs. iindhcy
'rlandcr /. Roundtrco. Georgetown
Michael RUIZ. san Nnaciu
Miller Vaughn Austin
Austin y Davis. smith Ferry.
John 4 White Dallas
George Dudley Scahrook
l'fte o'tinurke Fort Worth
Wafer T. Jon,a Orange