davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-07-17
~ = " =.
ONE SPOON, PLEASE.
Make one spoon Of sugar
Do the work of two
Every day until
The war is through.
Cubic Feet In Ton Of Coal.
-Q-q-4-itt1--l1-St-t1-1-

Here is little information which
will help you to solve the vexing prob
lem that Is apt to be a hardy annual,
I. e., how much coal to order in order
to fill the bunkers, but without having
to put some in an old barrel in the out
house, says the Popular Science Month
ly. A ton Of egg coal contains from
81 to 3S cubic feet, averaging about
IS. BY measuring the cubical contents
Of your bin you will be able to estimate
how much to order to fill them. This
may be done by multiplying together
the length, breadth and depth Of your
bin.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-07-17
t-n~n-H-s-A-a ~
z NEW WHEAT PRICES FOR :
& IOWA. i
BY J. F. DEEMS, United States
Food Administrator for Iowa.

z The establishment Of new
4 freight rates by the railroad ad .
ministration has neceSsitated 4
change in the government price
7 basis for wheat. After considera-
= ton of all factors the food admin :
4 istration announces price basis at !
various MARKETS for the grades No.
+ I Northern spring wheAt No. I
= hard winter wheat, No. I red vim
L ter, No. l durum No. l hard white, )
! In store In public elevators, ap-
I proved for STORAGE by the grain |
7 corporation (seah9ard or in store
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-07-17
roman WarsnIp.

The man-of-war of the ancient Ro-
mans had crew of 225 men, Of which
ia We're oarsmen, working on three
decks. The speed of this vessel was
about six knots an hour in fair
weather.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-07-17
1.-THE Civilizations of Wealth."

No matter if one has one million
dollars, If he is able-bodied he ought to
perform some useful service some
where, or keep away from the table
when the dinner bell rings.-Houston
Post.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

department fall down hopelessly in
its supreme function Of supplying
arms? Was there a shipping de-
partment, and how did it produce
ships?
The World War developed its sur
prises. 1t discloses the power Of
aeroplane and of submarine. What,
if anything, did the Civil War de-
velop in the way of surprises and
how signally did the American
genius express itself in making and
in meeting these surprises?
Elaborate study would be re-
ouired to answer all these Questions
adequately, but some Of them find
answer readily enough.
Let US fix this in our minds first
The Civil War age was an age OF
discovery that surpassed the pres
ent in every respect. The material
achievements which we proudly
place to the credit of our own gen
Grafton really belonged to oul
grandparents. 1t was not our eyes
that first saw the powerful steam
locomotive go hurtling across the
fields on steel rails. 1t was not oul
ears that first heard the Morse code
licked electrically from wire-con
Quoted currents. 1t was not oul
shocked consciousness that frs
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

knew that millioned armies of men
could be maneuvred across half G
continent, now in open fighting, now
in intrenchments.
Everything was then new and
wonderful and freshly tried. Lin
coin, sitting in the War and Navy
Building across from the White
House. was the first Commander in
Chief who ever kept in touch with
his million men by wire When the
Battle of Waterloo was fought
news Of that tremendous event
reached the city of Detroit three
months afterward. When the Bat
tie of Gettysburg was fought the
humblest person on the Montana
plains knew of it in detail within a
few hours. Lincoln was the first
Executive to place a message for
dispatch across the sea by cable.
So we will be careful not to ap-
proach the Civil War problems of
transportation, shipping, intelli-
gence, manufacturing, etc, with
any stupid notion that we to-day
have any newer problems than those
which confronted Lincoln. The
masterful American genius needs
only adversely to invoke its fullest
action.
At the outset, with the wal
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

TAS the american hand lost
n its cunning? TIE people
u who produced the steam
boat, the armored ship, the tele-
graph, the submarine, the aero
plane; who bridged the East River.
who reared the skyscraper and who
flung the line of steel across the
continent founder for an interval
in adjusting their industrial genius
to their governing function at a
time when industry and govern
ment have become one.
But only in less degree had they
already encountered like problems,
foundered a while IN like manner,
and finally had given the world new
standards of national measurement.
In its day the Civil War opened up
a vast new perspective Of achieve
ment. Up to that time no war had
ever been fought on such scale
no people had given such evidence
of organized efficiency.
One is curious, then, to know just
how blunderingly the nation wa:
organized for the titanic civic strife
CT how effectively. How was the
nation shifted from peaceful in
dustry to war work? Did the quar-
termaster allow units to go into ac
ton half clad? Did the ordnance
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

arm of the nation virtually in the
hands of the Southern aristocracy,
with the banking interests, the mill
tary and the naval interests making
common cause, as far as they could,
with the cotton autocracy Of the
South, President Lincoln found him
self in poor way to meet the or
ganized menace of the Confeder-
acy.
The pacifist North was without
arms or military supplies. From
January l, 1861, for the two fol-
lowing years Lincoln was forced to
obtain the major portion of his
arms and munitions from Europe
But by 1868 the government be-
came independent through the de-
velopment of home resources, both
for the manufactures and for the
II aterials composing them.
The adaptation of industry to war
called for enormous changes in the
young industries of the nation. So
extensive became this adjustment
to munition needs that the great
manufacturing development Of the
years following the war was in
large part the result of the inten.
sive. manufacturing application OF
the war years.
Never had the world seen such
munitions, such gigantic quantities
of supplies. The Northern army
required for equipment during thu
war gross amount which would
stagger even Xerxes or Ma
poleon And while the maximum
output of the quartermaster's an
the ordnance departments was de
layed until 1863, nevertheless it i
a remarkable thing that, once tn
war was we'll under way, Lincol
never lacked rifle, a cannon,
supply Of ammunition, a horse,
shell, or ration at the point needed
The following totals, taken frol
the official records, exhibit tn
enormous nature of the undertaE
ing:
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31
Cooperation Of
Roads and.Fleet

The cooperation of fleet and mill
tary railroad was excellent. After
the capture Of Savannah General
Sherman's command was promptly
met there by great fleet conveying
clothing, tentage, subsistence for
soldiers and animals, wagons, har
ness, ammunition and all else neces-
sary. Railroads were constructed
to Kinston and Goldsboro from Will
mington and Morehead City, each C.
distance of ninety-five miles.
These were but a portion of the
activities. For at the same time
great transportation operations were
being carried on in the West. Other
large armies were being moved and
supplied. The singular fact is that
few complaints have been recorded
as to the lack of supplies, and the
record bears no evidence Of ineffi-
cheney in the producing end of the
war at Washington.
While the Civil War was not
waged across the sea, as is our part
in the World War, transportation
by sea was an important factor, as
was the maintenance of the block
ade of the southern ports. The
shipping industries were greatly ac-
celerated. Vast supplies must be car
ried from the New England ports to
the Georgia and the Louisiana sea-
boards.
The transfer by water of the Six
teenth Army Corps from Eastport,
Tenn.s to New Orleans was another
: feat of transportation. Three days
= were required to embark the expe-
V dition on forty steamers, the fleet
j, making the distance of 1880 miles
5 in thirteen days. The transfer by
I sea from City Point, Va, to Texas
i of the Twenty fifth Army Corps
also in 1865, called for the transpor-
e tation of $4,000 men, with artillery
: ammunition, ambulances, wagons
2 and subsistence for the men, to-
n gether with 1000 horses and mules
t The embarkation took place early
d in June, 1868, and the debarkatlor
two weeks later at Brazos. This
e movement required fleet of fifty
/ seven ocean steamers of a total ton
t mage of 56,9S7 tons.
:, 1t is a mistake, therefore, to re
d gard the present overseas expedition
+ as the first considerable embark
e ment by sea of American arms
Il During the year 1865 the demand
for water transportation required
|. feet of 719 vessels aggregatine
S 224.9S4 tons. This fleet was &C
IS ouired by securing the seas and thu
g coast for bottoms of all kinds, IN
o Guiding 351 steamers, Ill steam
= tugs, SO sailing vessels and 16'
il barges. At one time Lincoln hat
j. 10000 troops af1oat on the ocean.
One Of the greatest single achieve
l. ments in transportation up to Civil
i War days was the transfer Of tw'
n army corps from Virginia to Ten
s. nessee. General Halleck advises
If Lincoln that the transfer would re
ID ouire three months. Lincoln an'
,r Stanton were greatly disappointed
rt especially as Rosecrans was sendln
urgent appeals for help to Tennes
IN see. But when the military rail-
al road organization set itself to tn
.e Continued on Page ";
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

the military roads. He was vice
president of the Pennsylvania Rail
road, and brought to this national
service fine energies. Andrew Car
negie was one of his lieutenants, and
one of the first feats of the two was
to bridge the Potomac in seven days
so as to get the Baltimore & Ohio
across to Virginia.
First Great Troop
Movement by Rail
During the Civil War there were
employed 419 engines and $3.50 cars,
operating over 2,105 miles of mill
tary railroad. Of this mileage AZ
miles were laid or relaid and 26
miles of bridges were built. These
figures suffer by comparison with
modern figures, but it must be re-
membered that the railroad was an
innovation, an experiment in war.
A hint of the great troop move
ment by rail may be gained from
these figures: From November !,
1868, to October 81, 1864, one year.
626,126 men were forwarded to the
field and 2Ge,1l4 were furloughed or
discharged and transported to their
homes. The aggregate movement
amounted to 3S7 ,24O men, embrac-
ing, independently cf recruits, 495
, regiments and 10 batteries. In the
following year 1,064,0S4 men were
distributed from ,l26 regiments and
241 batteries.
General Sherman's army, en-
bracing 100000 men and $4,000 AMI
mails, was furnished with supple:
: from a base $50 miles distant ovec
: single-track railroad located
mainly in the country of an active
t enemy. This thin steel line was
maintained for months until At
: lanta was secured and supplies fol
0 new campaign had been placed
S there. Sherman's army then moves
}. through Georgia to the sea, accom-
: panied by thousands of beef cattle
: together with trains embracing
h 5000 wagons filled with war sup
e plies, all delivered by rail to At
lanta from the North.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

1882 cannon
11.707 artillery carriages
6,335. .295 artillery projcctilcs
6.539,999 pounds grape and canister shot
2,862,177 rounds artillery ammunition
2,477 ,555 muskets. rifles and pistols
C,1a6,175 sets infantry acc0utrements
216,371 sets cavalry accOutrementS
5d4.475 swords. sabres and lances
1885 horse blankets
%. 164 sets of artillery harness
1 O22, ,176, ,474 small arm cartridges
/ 22O, ,555, ,+35 percussion caps
1O,281 3O5 cannon primers
4,222, ,377 fuses for shells
2e, ,44oo54 pounds of gunpowder
6,395,152 pounds of ntre
9O.416,295 pounds of lead
The vast stores Of the quarter
masters department yielded at the
critical hours at distant points, now
in Louisiana and now in Virginia,
extensive quantities of provisions
and medical and hospital stores, in
addition to arms and ammunition
supplies by the ordnance division.
The department supplied the
army with 65O,O0O horses and 45O.-
600 mules, a tremendous cavalcade
of animals for the tournament. In
1868 the armies required one-half
as many animals as they did
soldiers
The World War introduces the
power truck and develops the rail
road. The latter, however, was put
to excellent use in the Civil War,
though the cavalry, the artillery and
the quartermaster's trains called for
great numbers of draft animals. The
army horse, for that matter, is still
in evidence in Europe.
The railroads were new in 1861.
They had just proved themselves as
economic factors, and new projects
were fast forming for penetrating
the Far West with steel rails. Tc
warfare they were, indeed, a nov
city. An army that moved by raj
found here it's first important expo
sition.
Not to be handicapped by the i'm
portunities of private owners, Presi
dent Lincoln had Congress vest ir
him the power to take military pos
session of the railroads by the act Of
January 81, 1862 But it was foun6
to be sufficient to hold this power
and unnecessary for the most par
to exercise it.
A railroad military organization
was set up, much like the origina
railroad war board of 1917, il
part voluntary and in part a stat
administration. Colonel Thomas A
| Scott was made general manager O
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31
Finest Tub Silk PefticOafs. S2.95

Flesh pink and white, four smart little models
One, has deep hounce with two-inch hemstitched
hem and cluster of cords Another has embroidered
scallop edge. third has hounce with finish of small
rills, and fourth has deep fr in scaloped effect
Over four hundred of these.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31
Six Jersey Top PefficOafs, S2.95

One Of the most important items OF the sale is that
founce Of changeahle taffeta Silk made up In two
very attractive styles. The first time such Petit
coats have been obtainable at this price tor many
months
Second Floor
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

TAS the American hand lost
n its cunning? TIE people
L - who produced the steam
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31
Silk Petticoats, a Great Purchase
Nearly Thousand Petticoats at $295


thanthi purchase seenabes u to
New-York tribune., 1918-03-31

The most extraordinary news of Il
and greatly in demand.
AlI-S;lk Chiffon Tafeta,
Regularly ST SO Yard
s. inches wide, in all the best street shades, na'
Copenhagen, Alice, brown, tan, beige, etc; also bla
All-Silk Crepe de Chine,
Regularly 81 SO Yard
80 inches wide; in fine range of street and ev
ing shades; also white and black.
Street floor West Building
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25
CASES OF
CLOTHING SHIPPED
Pleasing Response by Brattleboro Peo-
pie to Appeal for Suffering Allies
-3,561 Articles.

Sixteen shipping cases containing 1851
articles were taken to the railroad station
this afternoon from the Western Union
Telegraph Co.'S vacant store, being the
shipment of clothing from the local Red
Cross branch for the relief of suffering
allies in Belgium and northern France
\ few of these articles were sent after,
but most of them We're brought in as the
result OF an announcement of a week )
campaign. The announcement came so
late, however, that there was no oppor-
tunity to give it much in advance The
result is very gratifying, however, to all
concerned and especially the committee,
of which Mrs Fremont Hamilton was the
chairman.
The cases contained large amount of
winter clothing for men and women, and
there were three boxes of shoes, one box
of hats and caps, box containing 1900
pieces of mems and women's undercloth-
ing, good quantity of bedding, new out
ing flannel for children's garments sew
eral boxes OF new fleece lined undercoth-
ing for children, given by a local store
and many other useful articles.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25
MANY PRISONERS
Germans Claim Capture of 45,O00-Two
More Villages Captured in the
Night Fighting.

BERLIN, March 25.-The Germans are
now standing to the north Of the Somme
in the middle Of the former Somme battle
field, says today's official statement Ba-
pamne was capturad in night fighting, In
the evening Neald was taken by storm
the statement adds British, Americans
and French were thrown back through a
painless wooded country More than 45,-
Coo prisoners and more than 800 guns have
been captured, the statement says Guis-
carb and Chauny were captured in the
evening. Violent fighting developed for
possession of Combles and the heights
west Of the town. The enemy was de.
feated the statement says.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25

LONDON, March 2J.-The British in
their retreat defended every hill, bridge
and fortifcation with the greatest
stubbornness, messages from German war
correspondents on the western front
say, according to a Central News des
patch from Amsterdam. The British ar
tillery, it is added, splendidly sacri-
feed in covering the retreat, the bat
teries only breaking up when the Ger
man storming troops arrived within a
few hundred yards of the position. The
British gunners then fired their last am
munition and retired.
The British this morning We're counter
attacking between Nefel and Ham. Reut-
icr's correspondent at British headquarters
reports The French also were in action.
North of Bapaume, he states, the Ger
mans were attacking in considerable force
at dawn, but did not get through the
British barragc. The Germans says the
correspondent, are relying upon sheer
waste Of numbers in their heavy attacks
on the British lines relieving their tired
troops by fresh divisions. which press
forward without waiting for artillery
support.
The presence Of American engineers OF
the battle front has long been known
They were praised highly for their gal
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25
BENSON CHAIRMAN OF
WAR FUND DRIVE
Will Direct Vermont Red Gross Cam
paign from Brattleboro-Thi Town
to Draw on War Chest.

Vermont headquarters on the next Red
Cross war fund drive will be in Brattle-
boro. @. +. Benson of this town has been
appointed chairman of the Vermont divi-
sion and will direct the state campaign,
which is to take place in connection with
that throughout the country the week of
May 90
Vermont's quota of the 00,000,000 fund
has been set at s200,000; that of New Eng
land is Sc, 739 900. On the basis of these
figures the amount which will have to be
raised in Windham county is between
900 and $4,000 Detailed figures for
the state will be announced as soon as
Mr.. Benson completes his organization
plans.
General arrangements for the drive IL
New England were discussed at meet
ing of the division chairmen in Boston
last week with Bernard w. Trafford O
Boston. New England manager
Brattleboros share of the war fund vii
be taken from the War Chest, this bein,
one of the, specific objects for which tn
War Chest was established, but elsewher,
in the county the campaign will be con
Quoted on the usual lines.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25
BOYS FROM HERE
ARE FIRED Upon
Letters from Several Just
Received by Local
Relatives
AIRMAN SHOOTS
AT GUY JOHNSON
Latter Finds Shelter at Base of Tree
Sergt. j. J. Garrity and Privates Pat
Write of Being Under Fire

Letters which have just come from
France to relatives Of Brattleboro sol
diers show that some Of the Brattleboro
boys have been in the front line
trenches and have been under fire Two
of these letters The Reformer publishes
herewith, one from Private Guy f. John
son of Company 4, l03d infantry, son of
John l.. Johnson of Elliot street, and
one from Sergt. John J. Garrity of
Company A, l0lst machine gun battal-
ion, son of Mr. and Mrs. Patrick Gar
rity of Clark street. Letters have also
come from Private Patrick Doyle Of the
l03d infantry. son of Mr.. and Mrs. NJ.
~. Doyle of 2o3 Elliot street, and Pri-
vate John Lynch of the 1O3 infantry,
son of Mr.. and Mrs Michael Lynch OF
20l Elliot street, telling of being under
fire in the trenches.
Private Johnson in letter to his sis
ter, Miss Grace johnson of 215 Elliot
street, wrote under date of Feb. 21:
Dear Grace:
Received the box with the shaving
outfit, etc, q couple Of days ago
have just come out of the trenches aft
er putting in six days in the front line
| There were not many casualties. WC
witnessed one battle and it sure was
good one I'd like to tell you all aoou
it. but it wouldn t get by One laC
was split in two By a shell. 1t hi
him SO that the hundred rounds of am
munition in his belt went through hi
body.
Next morning after | had been re
lIeved | was about to 90 into the dug
out. | stood minute TO watch an air
plane flying just over the tree tops. II
took a shot at me, just missing m
head, and | ducked to the foot of
tree. 1t didn t take me long to get o
the ground at the base of that tree.
We certainly have found out fey
| Continued on Page
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25
MRS. S. F. ABBOTT
INJURED BY BULLET
Gun Which Was Being Cleaned Acct
dentally scharged-Accident
Near West End of Car Line.

Mrs Sherman f. Abbott was acciden-
tally shot in the foot late yesterday after
noon,, the bullet going into the big
toe, shattering the bone. Mr.. and Mrs.
Abbott, Miss Beryl Atherton and Dwight
Farnum had returned from a days out
ing at the Abbott farm in Guilford and
We're waiting at the end of the car line
III West Bratteboro for a trolley when
the accident happened. Mr.. Farnum was
cleaning his gun, which he supposed to
be empty, when the bullet was discharged.
Mrs. Abbott had on three pairs of heavy
stockings and moccasins, which she wears
for snowshoeing, consequently the wound
was not as serious as it otherwise would
have been. She was taken to the Mel
rose hospital, where first aid was rendered
and her physician, DR.. H. p. Greene, was
called He had her moved to the Memo
rial hospital and an x-ray photograph of
the toe was taken. The bullet was plain
| ly to be seen and was removed by DR..
Greene.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25
i. S. ARTILLERY
SHELLS FRONT LINE
Shots Compel the Germans
to Abandon Two Lines of
Their Trenches
GAS BOMBS TURNED
ON THE AMERICANS
Our Boys Evidently Giving Good Ac-
count of Themselves in Action-Air-
planes Took Photographs Of the Dam
aged German Positions.

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY IN
FRANCE, Sunday, by The Associated
Press-American artillery on the Toul
sector continues today to shell effectively
enemy first line and communication
trenches, the town of St Baussant and
billets and dumps north OF the Boqueteau.
Many of the American shells have fallen
in the German trenches and the first two
lines in at least one place have virtually
been abandoned For the third success
sive day German artillery today BON.
barded heavily with gas shells certain
position within the American line Many
gas shells and few high explosive shells
fell on the American positions.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-03-25

An American corporal Of marines was
struck in the chest by a splinter Of one
of the FIRST shells which fell during Sat
urday 8 bombardment of Paris. He was
wounded seriously, but his life probably
was saved by the protection from his
cigarette case. SO far as has been re-
ported he is the only American victim
of the bombardment.
A Paris newspaper says one of the
shells fred in the direction Of Paris yes
terday struck church in the suburbs,
Several of the persons who were attend
ing Palm Sunday service were killed.
A. was the ease yesterday the people
did not take to shelter. Little interest
was shown in the bombardmcnt.