davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
CITY COURT CASES.
Various Matters Disposed Of by Judge
Churchman This Morning.

William II. Ringold, colored, wa,
arraigned before Judge Churchman in
City Court today on n charge Of disorderly
conduct. The case WAS continued until
Tuesday.
Kyrylo Yusye, for disordcrly conduct.
was fined SO
The case Of George Primrose, colored,
arraigned on q charge Of assault and
battery, was continued until Tuesday.
500 bail being required.
Joseph Russell, waslfned S25 for speed
ing his automobile on Market street.
between Seventh and Eighth.
Edward G. Starr, chauffeur, charged
with non-support of his five-year-Old child.
was ordered 10 pay 81 a week Starr
declared he was going 10 enlist in tho army
this afternoon
The case Of Eric Fundin, arraigned on a
non-support charge was continued until
Wednesday
Charles Lawson, colored, was held in
500 bail, on n larceny charge, for the
Court of General Sessions Lawson h
charged with using shoplifting methods
10 obtain a 81 shirt from downtown
store.
James A. Mcdonald was fined 81 for
disorderly conduct
Judge ChuTchman sentenced William ]
West, arraigned for non-support, to q term
of SIX months in the workhouse
Rose Tonel was fined 81 for trespassinp
at the home nf Mrs Mary r. Martin. NJ
9lJ Tatnall street IL was testified that
the defendantwcpt To the house AZ 2o'clock
this morning IN an intoxicated condition
10 soc a man friend.
A. the request of Assistant CITY goIicj.
tor MaIlov. The cIso NJ .Junis Anderson.
colorcd, arraipned on n gerious charge
was continued until Tuesday, pending
further investigation Pail Wa= fixcd M
81 600
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
$4,000 FIRE RACES
IN PHILADELPHIA
Four Alarms Sounded for Blaze in
Baker Cocoa Plant Near
Delaware River.

Philadelphia, March GA four-alarul
fire at the Franklin Baker Co. Is cocoanut
products plant threatens to destroy the
entire structure, which occupies the
block bounded by Delaware avenue and
Beach street, Fairmouut avenue and
Poplar street.
The loss probably will reach S75 900, but
as the building was still burning at
o clock this morning. officers of the CON
Germ could give no estimate OF the loss.
Flames were discovered at $50 q clock
by kulla, a policeman. He tclephoned to
tho Electrical Bureau. and several fire
companies were sent BY the time they
arrived the fire had gained such headway
that it WAS necessary tn turn in three
more alarms, in quick succession.
Within an hour the flames had spread
through the two-story structure to the
larger building. BY Q o'clock the second
and third floors of the big building were
ablaze and the iiremen, who were unable To
check the flames, said they believed the
fire would spread throughout the entire
building
High pressure water service WAS brought
into good service in fighting the flames
and word was sent tn fire boats asking
for their aid They Will be able to pour
tpilS pt water tfpin lilc l'FlaNhTt INTO
the burning building and will hc of great
assistance in protecting the wharf and
the boats docked thrnc.
While watching the tire. Raymond
Wing, ten years obi Il9 Poplar street
was kicked by horse attached to a FIRE
engine. He Was taken to the Roosevelt
Hospital
On account Of the cost of cocoanlt prod
ucts ~ the present tlmr, stock loss will
hc Very heavy
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
FLOWERS COLOR
STREET MARKETS
Almost Hide Prosaic Produce in
Some Parts Of King and
Madison Streets.

Flowers are everywhere. along the
market streets, today, gay tulips. fra
grant hYacinfhs and narcissus, flaming
geraniuTns. IN pots and boXes. and cut
blooms Some of the farmers put 4
posey IN with the parcels 0f their regular
customer. Tor 'lagniappc ~ the Ncw
Orleans dealers caIl IT,
No marked change from last week was
70 be noted, either N supply or in prices
of produce Eggs we're quoted from ~
20 ~ cents New duck eggs were offered
~ ~ and 20 cents. and specimen goose
eggs sold for - cents apiece
Puttrr seemed 70 be IN better supply.
and ruled 81 go cents. Potatoes brought
80 and 70 cents for - baskets salad
greens were plentiful; hot-house curly
lettuce, really fine heads. brought Is
cents; the Boston market variety
ScallIons which most of the market
people persist in calling sc1Illions we're
plentiful and chcap--3 or : lunches for a
nickel. Celery vas not quite 50 good in
quality AZ Il sometimes offered.
Fish was again plentiful; shad are
now coming from Chesapeake waters
as we'll ~ further south, and were selling
at 20 cents a pound, and running from
: pounds up to four or five 5had rocs
brought fifty cents
MANY apples have came out Of storage,
and look attractive a. does all Of the
coast fruit While excellent when baked or
pied. they still fail 20 wholly satisfy the
taste % those who believe that an apple
a day keeps he doctor away, and who
we're brought up On the eastern product
Markct-hOuse quotations were; Chick
ems. - 70 30 cents; ducks, IS cents
guineas. sl.25 10 $50 each; turkeys, IS
20 80 cents: eggs. 80 cents; butter. 30
10 IS cents
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
PALM SUNDAY TO BE FAIR.
Clear Skies Promised for Annual Re
ligi0us Festival and Fashion Pageant.

Tomorrow, Palm Sunday, usually the
first fashion event Of the spring, will be
fair and pleasant, according 10 predictions
by the weather man.
The day will be notable for solemn
services and special musical programs in
all Christian churches in commemoration
of Christs triumphant entry into Ieru-
salem.
Palm Sunday inaugurates Holy Week,
which is marked by great pomp and
solemnity in the Catholic churches
particularly. On Wednesday, Thursday
and Friday evening services III these
churches will consist Of singing Of the
lamentations, known as tenebrac Thurs
day, Holy Thursday and otherwise
Maundy Thursday. will be observed with
symbolic exercises, and Good Friday will
see even more solemnity A note OF JOY
will creep into the services on Saturday
and will reach its climax on Easter Sunday.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
y. J. HOME GUARD KILLED.
Palmyra Defence Member Shot by
Another as Suspicious Prowier.

BY Associated Press TO Every Evening
Palmyra, y. j., March %. Frederick
Monarch, member of the Home Guard
here, was shot and killed by J. Nc
Mahan early today, another member
Of the guard. who mistook him for a
suspicious prowler McMahan was on
guard at the Palmyra High School and
Monarch went to the school to relieve
him, as had been arranged. In the dark
ness McMahan did not recognize his
comrade and becoming alarmed fired at
him
Monarch, who was 33 years old. was in
business IN Philadelphia
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23

ALLIANCE HAD
HAND IN POLITICS
Won Boise Admits Various State
Branches Indorscd Candidates
at Different Times.

Washington. March 23--Scnatc in
vestigators yesterday uncovered the trail
Of the German-American Alliance in
party politics in the United States.
Questioning Of Rev. s. G. Won Bose,
president of the Alliance, showed that
state brapches Of the organization had
openly indorsed and worked for certain
candidates.
The Iowa branch. Won Bossc said,
mdorsed Hughes for president because
We guard the United States not only
against Germany, but against England.
The Iowa organization also recommend
ed it's members and voters Of German
and Austrian descent to vote for W. H..
Harding for governor on the ground that
his opponent favors and supports Presi-
dent Wilson's foreign policy and has
thereby made himself guilty of friendship
for England
tNDORsED TICKETS ENTIRE.
The state branches of New Jersey
and New York indorsed state tickets
entire in 1912, Won Bosse said He
declared that the National Alliance
"scolded' the two state branches FOR
thus entering partisan politics IN violation
Of provision in its federal charter.
Ohio, Iowa, New Jersey and Pennsyl-
vania branches all adopted resolutions
against Roosevelt. Root and Wilson,
Won BoSsc said.
Senator hing read from an editorial
in the official bulletin of the Alliance IN
1916 which declared German Americans
would be guilty Of capital folly If they
put the destiny of the country again III
the hands of the munition-peddhng
firm of Bryan and Wilson.
IT, CORRAL rEUTuN VOTE
From the bulletin also King read n
statement in favor OF the establishment
of German schools in this country, he
purpose Of which was 10 make English
"a foreign language
In California and Washington commit
tees were named ITO manage the election.
the Bulletins showed
Won Bossc said this action was never
disavuwcd hv the National Alliance.
except that Dr G. j. Hexamer then
president of the alliance. warned all state
branches in a letter not to get mixed in
partisan politics.
Isn't It true that there was q move
mcnt 70 corral the German american
vote All over the country for Hughes iii
1912" asked senator Wolcutt
Yes there was such a movement.
said Won Boss
And officers of the National Allance
countcnanccd this movement"
Yes, thcv looked on II with favor
answered on Bossc
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
PHlLA. PRODUCE MARKET.

BY Associated Press "a Every ENeninS
Philadelphia. March %. Butter frra,
higher; western creamery extra q: nearby
prints fancy T.
Eggs firm. jgher. nearby Hr>t, I -:
nearby current receipts 1925; western
extra first ll75; western hrsts ll-2j
Other articles unchanged.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
DUTCH MINISTER
DECLARES SEIZURE
OF SHIPS UNJUST
Senator Also Scouts Friendship of
President; Hints at Reprisals
on Prisoners.
"AMERICA LIKE BRIGAND"
Ry Associated Press to Every Evening

By Associated Press to Every Evening
The Hague, Friday, March Seizur,
of Dutch shipping by the Allied govern
ments WAS unjust DIR. Loudon, the Dutcf
foreign minister, declared today in tho
upper chamber
Without shred of Justice, the asso
ciatcd governments have carried out th,
proposal, he said, although the Dutcl
government in its reply went as far as
possible to meet the demands of the
associated powers. The resounding pro-
test of the government will find an echo
in the two chambers and among the " hole
Dutch people. Ii is protest lmbucd
with the principle of right.
Senator J. 4. Cramer attacked the
United States after the foreign minister
had completed his statement.
America regards neutrality as partl-
sanehip.' he said. 1--WE refuse to furnish
war materials to the Alies-that is the
hond and front of our offending.
DOUBT PRESIDENT 5 FRIENDSHIP.
Senator Cremer asked what flag would
be flown from the seized ships and said
be hoped it would not be the Dutch flag,
hut il that flag was used. he hoped it would
he hoisted at half mast, Referring ia
President Wilson, the senator declared
President Wilson calls himself our
friend. Well, Heaven preserve us from
our friends.
The senator said he hoped the Dutch
would not take reprisals which could be
carried out easily against the unfortunate
mterned prisoners In Holland.
Deputy van kel, Socialist, declared the
srizure of the Dutch fleet by President
Wilson under the pretext OF war necessity,
u rs bad as the violation of Belgium bv
Germany on the same pretext
I'VE will maintain our independence,
come Whist may" he said. The Amcri-
can people have been misinforncd and
their indignation will be great when they
learn the truth"
Deputy Hooft. an anti-American revo-
lutioniSt. said:
"America has followed the practice
If brigand by holding n pistol 10 our
head. The associated governments have
acted like common thieves
ApMioAL ACCUSES Z. :.
Admiral Roch said the United States
was taking advantage Of the war to create
IFS own merchant fleet and declared that
England. aware of this, WAS naturally
seeking by seizing neutral tonnage. to fill
out the gaps in its own merchant marine
arising out of the submarine warfare. but
nevertheless England. he Thought would
fail 10 keep its new competitors. the
United States and Japan, ont Of the
British spheres of interest, The Entente
Powers, he asserted, were attempting
10 place blame upon Germany for doing
exactl, what they themselves were doing
The neutrals were placed in precario,ls
position not bv the submarine warfare.
Admiral Roch said. but primarily by
Americas refusal 10 permit exports ~
foodstuffs. fodder and fertilizer 10
European neutrals in order TO prevent
their re-exportation to Germany and
secondly by the ncutrals being forced
through fear of starvation. 10 surrender
their tonnage
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
NOT GUILTY, SAYS NEARING

b. Associated Press 10 Every Evening
New York, March 23.-Pleas of not
guilty TO charges of violating the espionage
act for the publication and distribution
of a pamphlet entitled ''The Great Mad
ness, were entered in the Federal Court
here today BY Scott Nearing, in his own
behalf and by the American Socialist
Society, through Morris Hllquit, counsel.
He was paroled in custody Of his counsel
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
Big-Betkel Gives Palms. "

DIR, II. y Arnett pastor. announces
the following program for tomorrow at
Big-Bcthel Church; 1890 q. m, sermon
by the pastor, The World Has Gone
After Him; II noon, class meetings.
. p. m, Sunday school; $50, DR. Arnctt
breaches al the Ezion NJ. T. Church and
his choir will sing: 6.45 p. m, Allen Chris
tlan Endeavor, 40, special Sunday
school program and sermon by the pastor
Palms viii be distributed all day.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
HUN SHELLS KILL IN PARIS
( ontinUed from page

continued from page
attack here ~ Il be extremely costly 10
he enemy.
The statement 81 the British War Of
fee that The troops vest of It Quentin
are falling back 20 prepared positions
indicates that the Germans. although
they have broken through the British
defensive system. have not pierced the
entire British zone Of defence. The
alluSion in the British statement 10
the defensive system may be only TO the
main battle front system. behind which
other lines have been prepared.
Ii that IS the case the Germans have
done little more than repeat what the
British did IN the battle Of the Somme.
when they pierced the 1indenburg line
and captured long stretches of it. forcing
the Germans TO retreat to prepared posi-
toGs IN the rear
The extent Of the British defences has
been subject of much speculation.
but II IS known they have been vastly
improved during the last winter follow
ing the detection OF Russia and consequent
increase OF German strength in the west.
London. March 23.-Thc Germans
forced their way into Mory, but a dash
ing counter attack drove them out. Reu-
ter'S correspondent ut British head
quarters telegraphS. \ large party was
surrounded and probably was captured.
There Is reason 10 believe 30 German
divisions are flowing into the struggle,
the correspondent states, and probably
halt aS many more are in close reserve
| nder the tremendous onslaught the
British troops are falling back very slow
y and IN excellent order. N many places
they arc Withdrawing voluntarily 50
as To maintain an unbroken front
The Germans this morning were press
ing hard the BRIT Sh forces defending
Ilermies labout - miles back OF the
old line, III the region southwest OF Cam
bran. The scenes Of activity. behind the
battle front battle description. but every
where there is the same well ordered or
ganzalion and quiet confidence
The weather IS wonderfully hnc Al-
though the visibility is handicapped by
local NJ SITS
Mory Is the northern battle front, -
miles below Arras |, IS about miles
back Of Tic line held by the British be-
fore the Germans began their offensive.
British Army Headquarters 10 France,
March - The British, ,gallantly fighting,
are still presenting solid front to the
tiercely attacking Germans, although the
defensive troops have withdrawn their
lines in certain places for strategic reasons.
All day yesterday and much Of last
night the conflict continued to rage with
increasing violence, rs fresh German
divisions were hurled into the fray in an
attempt to smash through the British
defences.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
Welded i'm Baltimore.

Julian H. Phillips, secretary of Goldey
College, end Mrs Myrtle Cannon were
very quietly Married early this afternoon
IN Baltimore. Md, at the home of Mrs.
Fisher at Forest Park, where Mrs. Cannon
has resided for several years Only few
intimate friends were present, and the
affair was very quietly conducted Mr.
and will be at home after the first of April
at 2205 Monroe street
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
Red Mems Wigwam Company.

The thirtieth annual meeting of the
Red Mems Nigwam Co, was held IN the
Office OF the company on March 20, and Il
ing officers were elected: Directors, Leon
hard Heiss, Harry b. Sinclair, William IL
Kramer, George q. Byron, Harry W
Chairs, Edward McIntire, Charles Me
Intirc, William J. Morris, james T.
Semerteen, Marshall H. Yeatman, J.
Carl Barber, Frank l. Gradwohl, Mar
shall p Tindall. Charles G. NilcoA,
Josiah Berry; President. Leonhard iIeiss
yice-president Harry i Sinclair; trea-
surer Harry W Chairs: secretary, Charles
Aclntire; auditors, Edward AIclntire,
James T. oenerteen, William J. Morris
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
GERMAN TRANSPORT SUNK
} Associated Press to Every Evening

By Associated Press 10 Every Evening
Stockholm, Sweden. March - An
other German transport has been blown
UP by = mine near the Aland Islands at
the same point where the transport
Hlndenhurc was sunk, thc Deehlad reports
shortly after the transport Frank land
came up and rescued the men on the
transport. but was damaged severely
by another cxpiosion
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
Sixty Auto Trucks Pass Through City

Lieutenant Trimble was in charge Of n
train Of army automobiles trucks that
passed through this city today enroute
from Buffalo, \. T., TO Baltimore, Md
This is the second train Of trucks passing
through the city ip two days and there
were about so trucks in the two trains.
The local motorcycle officers escorted the
trucks through the city.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
HUNS POISON RUMANIA.
New Premier Striving for Alliance With
Central Powers; Vienna Aids.

BY Associated Press TO Every Evening
Amsterdam, Holland, March % Vienna
newspapers state that the new Rumanian
prince, Alexander Marhiloman, is
striving or an alliance between
Rumania and the Central Powers. This
idea is being discussed sympathetically in
the Vienna press, says a dispatch from
that city.
NJ. Marghiloman Is leader Of the Con-
servative party and long has been known
rs pro-German. He opposed Intervention
in the war by Rumania on the side of the
Allies. When the Germans invaded Ru-.
mania in 1916 he remained behind at thc
time the capital was transferred to Jassy
and was III Bucharest when IT was cap
tured
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
t..t...ttttt.tttt,..tttt,,ttt,t,ttttt
U. s. LOSSES TO DATE.

.
! YESTERDAY q CASUALTIES.
Washington, March 23.-Sixty-
two names appear on yesterdays
list of casualties among the Ameri-
can expeditionary forces, including
two men killed III action and IL
missing III action. The list follows:
KILLED IN ACTION.
Corporal Henry II Fall pre-
viously reported wounded.
Private Richard Gross
DIED OF ACCIDENT.
Private Sylvester T. Sullivan.
MIeaiN0 IN ACTION.
Sergeant Joseph Stolna
Corporal John ] Payne.
Corporal Edward l.. Struck
Priyhtes Rudolph NJ Backus,
Barney Begin, William q. Carren-
der, Marius Hansen. Hans Larsen,
Adelbert Morey. Hugh ONeil,
Samuel J. Peters. Hector l.. Roll
man, John Taracka
DIED oF DISEASE
Sergeant Michael l.. Mckinney,
pneumonia.
Corporal Alfred II. Israel, pneu-
monla
Corporal Alfred ] Renaud, pneu-
monia
Prlvates Harman Beccn, menin-
gifts, Charles T. Boggs, pneumonia;
Ryland 4, Brilliant, pneumonia;
Allen k Hartman. pneumonia,
Henry X Larsen, pneumonia,
Milton L. Nicholson. pneumonia.
Walter IL Owens, meningitis,
Henry Perry, pneumonia, William
j Robbins. pneumonia: Robert
smith, pnermona Elmer Spears.
heart failure. John Trimhle. tuher-
culusle.
DIED az WOUNDS.
Private Roleslaw f;rpchopski
WOUNDED sEyfRtLY
Lieutenant Harry " Coos
orporal Harry &, Stricken
PrIvatcs Stanley Ara1ny. SImon
Gundol Oliver " Morrison. James
J. oDonnell, Carl Anderson.
George r. t;reer. Abraham Le-
pofsky
woI SpFD SLIGHTLY
Lieutenant Ice Morgan Pickett
Lieutenant CharIps G, Roberts.
'hicl Mechanic Gelrgc LAVE
tore
Sergeant kcnneth Hughes
Sergeant lnnuie Nlnstcad
'orporal lloyd Heath.
torporal Elmer j parlos
Mechanic Frank I Iilasson.
Privatcs Robert \ Foster, sal
vatorc + Beatrice. Edmund Blcl-
inski. Charley Caln Leslie ;. i.mcr-
son. Basil ,lass. Frederick ' Could.
Oliver " Holmes, Earl + knst-
ncr, Mike Pclr Michael lynn
choke, Fred s Yates
Observation-Disclosures.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
BREAK WITH u. S.
Influential Interests in Holland
Reported as Stirring Up
Trouble.
ny Associated Press 10 Everr E.enine

London. March 23.-A report that IN
fluential interests st Rotterdam have
commenced agitation to have the Dutch
government requested to break ofI rcla-
tsons with the United States. bccausc Of
the requisitioning of Dutch merchant
men. Is contained in an Exchange Tcle-
graph Co. dispatch. which, received from
Copenhagen, quotes the Politikcns Rot
terdam correspondent.
instructions for the taking over Of
Dutch ships were sent officially today to
All ports of the United Kingdom Be
tween 20 and % ships. aggregating about
$4,000 tons, are in the United Kingdom
ports.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
NOW AT THE FRONT.
Mayor Lawson Receives Letter From
Lieut.. Amodio in france.

Mayor John " Lawson. this morning.
received letter from Lleutcnu Allio l.
Amodio. formerly Of the tust Delaware
Regiment. who is now at the front in
France.
lie Is the first Delaware officer 10 60 to
the front lie gives very interesting
account of his expcrlCnccS
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
Navy Recruits.

John II. Banks of Chesapeake City.
Md, and Charles II Salmon Of Summit
Bridge were enrolled at the navy recruit
ing station, Ninth and Market. as appren-
tice seamen: X. f. Lindsay. 705' West
Nineteenth street. as second-class seaman.
naval reserve; Milton d. Waller. Laurel,
as carpenters mate in the aviation ser
vice, and James McGurk. Philadel-
phla, as electrician.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
Presented With Jewel.

At regular meeting Of Eden Lodge.
l. O. q r. on last Thursday night.
y - Griffith the oldest living initiate.
OF Eden Lodge Vas presented with 4
50-gram Veteran lewel Brother Griffith
Mas initiated into Eden Lodge Oh February
), ls6> the jewel was presented IL
a tittlng manner by z J. lsuac
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt.tt.
HUNS SAY 25.OOO TAKEN.

Berlin, March ~. Between FOn-
taine Les Croisilles and Moeuvre
German forces penetrated into the
second enemy position and cap
tured ? villages. Army Headquarters
announced today. British counter
attacks failed.
So far. the statement announces,
$4,000 prisoners, 400 guns and 900
machine guns have been taken.
The Two villages taken on the
Fontaine Mouevres front were
Vaulx- Vracourt and Morchies. The
former village is about 312 miles
and the latter about 2l2 miles be-
hind the former British 'front.'.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
Christian Scientists.

First Church OF Christ, Scientist.
Park Place and Van Buren street, will
hold its regular services as follows on
Sunday morning at II and Sunday even
ing at = Subject for the lesson-sermon is
Matter. The Sunday school convenes
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-03-23
STEAMBOAT LINES.
Wilson Line

PASSENGERS AND FREIGHT
Wt1 NtlNGTON -PHIlApELP ROUTE
DaiIy Exccpt saturdays and suu1ays.
leave Wilmington. Fourth strcrt wharf,
and philadelphia. Chestnut street wha-t, az
: 4. m. ~ noon and f.l5 y. m.
SATURDAYS and sundays onl3
Leave Wilmington. Fourth stf'rl " 'tsf
rud Philadelphia. Chestnut stI'rt wharf. ~
so amt 10 So n. m.. 80. p - and : q. %.
AZ toats stop az Penn Grove auI
Chester.
MlINilNtTpN- PENN s tEON 3 kol lE
leave Wilmington 2t +. 9 ~ .. pa. ~
81 p aud 10 p. n.
IraNr Penn lsrlNC 4i 10 e m ~ uVJli
2IJ. 4 U. ;. lOl5 and ~ y, N