davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
LETTERS WITHOUT ENVELOPES

@ In these days OF conservation and paper scarcity 1T
IS strange that some one has not suggested the elimin-
alton Of the usef Of the envelope. especially in personal
correspondence. AZ : matter Of fact. the envelope is a
luxury Of very recent date II one were to take the
trouble to search them he records would disclose Just
when envelopes we're nrst used. but It was not so very
long ago, and plenty Of people can remember when the
envelope. even Il II was then In existence. was considered
quite unnecessary, and its use was regarded as an anec-
;Station and an extravagance.
BY means OF = somewhat complicated method OF
folding tho letter s,set provided it's own enclosure. The
stylsSS yaried With tho taste Of the Individual, but certain
forms were recognized n more or less standard. In
Assneral the sheet 49, folded 80 as to form four pages,
m ntst sthlsss of which were nlied With writing. II 90
saehs sacs Msrssnssdsd, and the third page was left
Sbssnk. Then came NJ fcldinE,,. ana ii W. I matter 81
S#ypEds nth msny wrifsrY ~ p able 70 fold their letters
s4p sueh e ~ that when sealed, the written contents
sslse s sepears from prytnE 80 Ability . to fold : Letter
nRaAs nae o3 the tsstssof fitness for clerdcal positsona
AnAMKt ZHHA Ha@ HZNF
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
LINKING UP TIL OFFENSlyES,

Whatever may be the purpose behind the moves that
are being made on the French battlefront, the situation
assumes the appearance of a carefully prepared plan to
keep the Germans rapidly on the move from Rheims to
IArras, rather than merely a series Of local actions intend
ed to wear out the enemy and gather in local positions.
First came the smashing blow against the weeern
side Of the Marine salient. with the resultant retirement
of the Germans from all the positions which they had
to ~readjust himself, another and greater blow was struck
south of Albert, and the Montdidier salient was pinched
out. and the Huns were forced back to a line dangerous
ly near several Of their most important distributing. CEN
ters. Then on the south, the Allies struck into the Ger
man positions and drove forward in such a manner. as
to run a semf-circle around Noyon, while, with this action
still in successful progress, the British have made a Wig
erous move which has brought them within three miles
of the important town Of Bapaume.
These repeated assaults from first one quarter and
then another are keeping the enemy on the jump, while,
the valley of the Lys in SUCH manner as to compel the
REIMBURSEMENT by the Germans of first one position and
then another.
1t requires no great military wisdom to see that the
Germans must do one Of two things, and that, whichever
is chosen, it must be done quickly. Either they must stop
the Allies, or they must undertake a retreat which will
carry them at least to the old Hindenburg line, and per-
eyelids onto a line of important towns from Noyon on the
south to Bapaume on the north. Their possession Of each
of these places is endangered, and the loss of any one Of
them would cause the entire line to crumble. The chances
are good for a general retreat to the Hindenburg line.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

forts to secure domination Of the air
on the fighting front.
In suggesting. without attempting to
Fix definite responsibility that favor
itism had been shown by the old air.
craft board in placing contracts, the
committee says the presence Of Day.
ton interests on the board and the
large contracts given Dayton com
panies has provoked land we think
Justly. much Of the public comment
which made the investigation impera-
tive"
The Dayton-wright and NCurtiss
companies r declared to have been
given great advantage over their
competitors"
officials Criticized.
criticizing officials for causing over
optimism regarding the aircraft pro-
gram, the committee says: IS
While much good has been accom-
plished for which due credit should
be given, it must be admitted that our
airplane program has, up Is the pres
ent. presented many aspects of fail
ure."
: The original $40, 900, 900 appro-
priated by congress for aviation in
July, 1917, says the report, has been
exhausted and practically wasted"
with 1884, 900 900 more found neces-
sary. and it adds:
while an army Of three and a half
million has been raised, the aircraft
situation is as follows:
Six hundred and M de Haviland
u have been embarked for
France up to August 1, 1918. OF these
sixty-seven had reached the front by
July 1.
ION August Z a squadron Of IS de
Haviland Fours flew over the German
lines. Details Of its performances
have not been received.
I'VE have not a single American
made Chase Cor plane of attack
upon the battle front.
I'VE have not, a. single American
made heavy bombing plane upon tho
battle front.
w have not developed and put in
quantity production a successful
Chase, or fighting plane"
Other Criticisms.
Other criticisms included:
Abandonment Of the standard
training machine after 1900 had been
built at a cos Of $4,000, 900 and con-
demned Is dangerous. ~,
Cancellation Of orders for 5000
spad single seated fighting machines
last September as obsolete, and after
ward ordering 1000 8 e 5-single seat
spads.
abandonment Of the Bristol fight
ing machine after expenditure OF S.
SOC, 900 and the loss of several valu-
able lives
Delay in developing tho de Havil-
and machine.
Failure to rush manufacture of
the Caproni and Handley-Page heavy
bombing machines.
. Failure to develop an airplane
around the Liberty motor.
Incompetence OF inspectors.
Location Of flying fields at unsnit-
able sites.
Failure to encourage atrplane pro-
Patent monoboiies Of original In
ventors.
I'm the opinion Of the COMMITTEES
the report states. "the diappointdns
results lin productlon9 : are
chiefly due to three causes:
Il. That the airplAne program
was largely placed In the control lof
crest automobile and other manukac-
turers who were ignorant Of aero
nautical problems.
=. These manufacturers under.
took the impossible task Of creafine
q motor which could be adapted Is M
classes Of flying craft. II 10 not too
much 70 ~ %hat bur airplans pro-
- III LLttLr.L - tEtII.E - flE-EEH "a
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
Bottle g All Night.

With the British Army in France,
Aug. 22.-(By the Associated Press.)
The cattle north of the Ancre river
rase.l furiouslv throughout the. night
and this morning and the British
troops. after overcoming the most
desperate resistance are. holding vir-
tually all the Arras-Altert railroad
the battle front, and even have estab-
lished posts we'll to the east.
TO the southwark, especially in the
neighborhood Of Achiet-Le-Grand
there has been most fierce fighting.
The tide Of battle seems to have
swung over this village several times.
The Germans by finging in largo
numbers of troops at last reports had
come back to the western part Of the
village but this appears to have been
done a number Of times.
There haA been the same sort Of
desperate fighting in front Of Mirau-
mont, where the Germans for a time
have managed to withstand assault
after assault, but here also they have
suffered great losses.
B~eauregard and Dovecote. apparent
~ now are held by the British. South
OF here the British also hold a section
OF the railway. Every inch of the rail-
way ernbankment in the north has
oooA Aou6iit !o1, tIle 0eFEldHS regard
ing This as the most important posi-
ton Of the battle front.
+. The Germans appear to be rushing
troops into action in the Bapaume re-
gion. Last night entente airmen said
the road north Of Peronne WAS filled
with transports while the road be-
tween Bapaume and Bihucourt was
congested with troops and transports
travelling northwest.
Nearly 1900 prisoners were in the
British cages last night and this num-
Der had been. materially increased this
morning.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
TEN MORE SHIPS
RELAUNCHED
in SINGLE WEEK
Seven of the Vessels Are
Steel and Others are
n Wooden.

Washington, Aug. 22.-Ten ships
81, 700 were added to the American
merchant marine in the week ending
August Is, the shipping board today
announced. Seven Of the ships were
steel and three wood. Eight steel ves-
sells and two wooden ships. a total ton
mage Of $3.50. were launched dur
ing the week.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

according to advices from the front
today. 1t is reported that a strong To-
cal counter attack made yesterday
morning against the Locre Hospice
was repulsed after heavy fighting and
that sharp combats took place during
the night in this sector.
Fresh German counter attacks are
reported to have developed east Of
Miraumont and 1rles. The hostile ar
tillery is said to have been very active
during the night and to be continuing
it's heavy fire this morning.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
To Form Two Councils.

Washington. Aug. 22.-ro co-ord-
mate the efforts Of the Allies and the
United States, in Russia, an official
dispatch from France today says it
has been decided to create two inter-
national councils. one at Archangel,
including the Eentente ambassadors
under the presidency Of American
Ambassador Francis. and the other at
,Vladivostok. to be composed Of five
On the vladivostok council Great
Britain Will be represented BY Sir
Charles Eliot; Trance BY Eusene
Resnault, former Ambassador to
Japan by Mr.. Matsudira. II was said
Ct q state department today that an
American representative had not been
named. - -.
These councils. It 10 pn.derstood,,
VIII act e diplomatic Representatives
IN dealing with the independent RUS
stan governments In siberia and on
b Murn,ansk coast ana pave the
way tor the great economic md IN:
dustfial Scommtssions organtNnr 70
aid IN the rehAbiliatIon % Ruseis.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
Wadee DnYem n.

French army under command Of Gem
Feral Mangin In itssattack on the Disc
front today has reached the line Of
tho Ai1ette river. according to reports
reaching London this afternoon.
The possea1don by the French Of the
whole line Of. the Ailette, according
TO London military experts, means
|that Marshal Foch's design to drive .
biz wedge betwssn Genaral Won
German crown prince has been suc-
csssfully accomplished. 4.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
Huns Retreat Woodward.

Par1R,s Aug. I'd p. m.)-Ffom
front the French troops are now
watching the Germans in their re-
treat toward the month.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
Imbrie Moves on1oe.

Washington. Aug. 22.-Because the
Bolshevik government declared a
state of war exists between Russia
and the United States, Vice Consul
1nibrie has lowered the United States
nag over the consulate at Petrograd,
closet h consulate and placed the
affairs OF the United States in tho
charge of the Norwegian. government.
Americans in Petrograd, of whom
there are approximately twenty, have
been warned to- leave the country by
the vice consul. Their houses were
searched. one Of them is under arrest
and n is in hiding.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
Daily Bunctin Issued.

Stockholm, Aug. ga bulletin on
tbs course Of the fighting is issued
each day from the 'EIeadquarters.;'
According to the one issued on Nom
day the Soviet troops operating on the,
q front" took the villages Of
Michaelevo, Krut and Log and occu-
pied the station at Kormovtshe. and
says the enemy retreated toward
Kamysch. It is added hat the Soviet
forces retired to Klenovskoyo after
hard lighting.
Near. Kazan; a drawn battle was
fought, It is said. There hasSbeen fight
Ing near stmbirsk, where the Soviet
army advanced to the village Of Vyry.
The report issued on Tuesday said
that Letttsh sharpshooters saved the
day at Kazan. whore heesoviet troops
were threatened by the loss Of the
bridge across the volga river.
The Bolshevik headquarters also
has issued q telegram from the 1irst
contingent of trained labor officers"
sent from the headquarters to Nikolai
Lenine. the Bolshevlk premier, plede-
ing DEVOTION ito the death" to him
and the Bolshevik government.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

British Official Report.
London. Aug. 22.-British forces
attacked the Germans this morning
between the Somme and the Ancre
rivers, the official statement issued
at the war office today announces.
North Of the Ancre, the statement
says. the Arras-Bapaume railway has
been crossed in spite Of the strong
enemy resistance. Between two and
three thousand prisoners were cap
tured by the British in yesterdays
operations. the statement says.
British troops have reached the
village Of Neuf Berquin, northeast of
Melville. the statement says
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

Austrian Losses to BFitish 10000.
London. Aug. 22.-Austrfan losses
on the British front In italy between
is and August IL were 10000,
to Advices received here.
British casualties In the same. period
$500, IT. il said.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
REACH
DIVETTE RIVER
eBrttish Omcial Report.
Continued from Page -

whose will all events appear to b,
subject.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
French Oftcal Report.

Paris, Aug. 22.-German troops
were forced back over a twenty mile
front to a. depth Of from. n to
two miles from Iassigny to- the
Ailette river during the night, accord
ing to the oficial statement issued at
the war ONCE today.
French troops maintained contact
with the %retreating enemy between
Matz and the Disc and east of the
Disc during the night, according to
the official statement issued by the
war office today.
Four villages. lie Plemont, yThies-
court, .Cannectancourt and Wife we're
occupied by the French who have
reached the Diyette river. the state
ment says.
Tho French have reached the Disc
on a six mile front east Of Noyon,
their line extending from seupigny
to Bretigny.
Further east the villages Of Bour-
gutgnon and st. Paul-Aux-Bois have
been taken. The French reached the
Ailette river at La Quincy Basse.
The western outskirts Of Pommiers,
on the Aisne west Of Scissors. have
also been taken.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
Report Of Subcommittee
That Investigated Airplane
Making is Investigated

CONTINUED from Page ~
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
G. P. Irish. a Bemidji Civil War
veteran, celebrated his 18th birthday
Monday. MI. Irish served in Com
pany F, Ninth Minnesota, Second
Brigade.

r. L. Glidden, who is said to make
his home in Minneapolis, though he is
owner Of lands near Wimbledon, was
arrested at the latter place, being
charged with bootlegging. Witnesses
examined by the states attorney
claimed that they had paid Glidden as
high as 81 a quart, it is alleged.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22
A service flag has been ordered
for the Starkweather boys now in the
army.

The Catholic church at Hazen was
struck by lightning during the storm
Monday. The damage amounts to
about $1,000. Il. w
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

IF our people at home have the
same feeling as >opr splendid boys at
the front there, will be no premature
peace said Representative Young at
Washington yesterday, on his return
from the, European, battlefronts. He
declared American soldiers are moro
than maintaining American standards
of temperance and morality.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

\ Deyils Lake merchants have in
augurated a new credit system, which
provides / per ent for goods charged
ar1 10 cents for each delivery.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

Eugene Tweed of,the Northern Real
Property company and Ed Chase Of
the James River National bank, both
of jamestown, have gone to the Dun
woody Institute to prepare for service
in the hydroplane service Of the army.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-22

The Drake town pump Is on the
bum and Editor J.. w. r! H. Della is
afraid he will not get the bath he was
promised several months ago. I'll
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
Musical Beginnings.

Mrs. i;oynton caught Il glimpse of
ner young son going tn the library one
Afternoon c%onccaline something he
hind him. Upon investigation. she dis
covered he had II new porous plaster
Nhici, lir had Found In the medicine
closet.
Why, Edmund" said the mother.
what in the world are You going TO
10 with that plaster"
81 ann going to see what l,lnr il, will
,luy ON the pianoIa, mother" replied
the boy. Puck.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
contrariness.

Speaking of the kniS"r'S contrary
or arbitrary attitude in this peace
talk" says !; %well-known legislator
or who was elected to the state
legislature IL few years ago. The farm
or was called to the chair during {:
session To act as speaker pro tenn. y
motion was made to lay q: certain res,
olltion on the table. The speaker put
the motion like this:
"..All those who want The resolution
To lazy on the table say aye. All those
WHO want to he contrary say no."
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11

Always sure to please, Red Cross ball
Blue. All grocers sell it. Adv.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
er of that great idea in the service OF
which he has placed himself"

err of that great idea in the service OF
which he has placed himself"
Referring to his last speech. Count
Czernin explained the misunderstand-
ing OF his remark that the text was al.
ready In the presidents possession bv
declaring that he had previousit ar.
ranged for the text to be telegraphed TO
Washington from an unofficia: source
in a neutral country. in order to pre-.
vent any misunderstanding or distor.
ton. 1t subsequently transpired. how.
ever. thai the text only arrived at it's
destination some days later. Neyerthe-
less. he said. the object was attained.
He then continued:
Il can only say that 1 esteem it high.
ly that the German chancellor in his ex.
cellent speech of February 25 took the
words out of my mouth by declaring
that he -four principles in President
Wilson'S speech of February II formed
the basis upon which a general peace
could be discussed. 1 am In entire
agreement with this. The four points
laid down by the president are a suit
able basis on which to begin the dis
cussion for a general peace. Wheteher
however. the president will succeed in
his %endeayors to rally his allies on this
basis Is a question.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11

Why She Broke It OFF.
Dick--Everyone says Pm a puzzle.
Tess-ln that case there's only one
thing for me to do-give you up.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
BY J. W. 7. MASON.

New York. April - Realization
among he people of the central powers
mat Germany has not won the wal by
Won ~Hindenburg's strategy OF slough
Ter IN western France. is undoubtedly
responsible for Count Czernin's new
peace drive.
The utmost significance must be at
tached to the fact that Immediately on
lne conclusion of Germany's push into
Plcardy. the Austro- Hungarian foreign
minister suggests he is willing to accept
peace without annexations.
If the central powers believed they
We're n the war such u declara-
ton at this time would be Impossible.
count Czernin practically invites the
allies to make an offer of a n-anne
atlonlst peace to Austria-H Hungary and
lhtifnates as broadly as diplomatic lam
guase allows. that he would accept it.
ny u "non-annexationist peace how
ever. Count Czernin means in particu-
lar that France shall abandon all claim
10 Lorraine. This is impossible.
not only from the standpoint of French
interests. but also from the STANDPOINT
OF the moral victory which it is neces-
sarN for the worlds democracies to win
over Prussian militarism.
Alsace-Lorraine's future has become
symbolical of the kind of the world rela-
tons that are. to exist when the war
IS over. For that reason, it is no longer
exclusively a French question, but is
now an American question INC Il Brit
lsh question, as we'll.
Count Czernin's intimation that peace
may be had if the allies agree to reject
claim to Alsace-Lorraine is
the possible proof that Aus
o-Hungary is anxious about the out
come OF the war. Ii the Teutonic ad.
vance toward Amiens represents d
great triumph for the German militaris-
tic machine, Count Czernin cannot see
1T. All he wants is u defensive peace;
and this is he limit of his ambition be-
cause ne no other is possible.
Count CZernin is u very shrewd OBJ
server. He is also determined thai
Austria Hungary shall not lose her flu
ture world position through clineing
to the chariots of the German war
lords. His newest peace speech is the
most damaging comment on Gerlnany's
latest offensive that has been made
since 1T became evident that the often
sive had failed to put the Anglo French
armies out Of the war.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
Animals Admitted to Heaven.

According to the Mohammedun re
lisiop, ten animals were worthy of adj
mission To heaven. They were:
The dog Kratim OF the Seven Sleep
rrs of Ephesus. These martyrs were
walled in Il cave and slept 23O years,
I'M dog sleeping with them.
Balaam'S ass which reprOved the
prophet.
Solomon'> AM which reproved the
eiuggard.
.IODah'S whale.
The ram of Israel which was offered
i'm sacrifice by Abraham in place Of
Isaac.
The camel of Suleb.
The cuckoo of Belkis.
The on OF Moses.
Al Borak, the marvellous steed which
carried MOllammed to heaven.
The ass on which Jesus rode into
Observation-Disclosures Home Journal.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
cuticura Kills pandruff.

Anoint spots OF dandruff With Cuti-
.ura Ointment. Follow at once by Il
lot shampoo with Cuticura Soap. If a
man; next morning if Il For
rec samples address, "Cuticura. Dept
X. Boston" AT druggists and by mail.
Sop %. Ointment % and 5O.-Adv.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
Sentiment for a Pessimist.

This is old Grouch's birthday.
suppose | ought 10 say something IT,
him about it,
wish him many unhappy returns OF
the day
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11

Mechanism consisting OF a series OF
jointed strips OF metal has been in
vented in Germany for raising or lower
ing several ventilators at once ny
manipulating q single lever.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11
Her paradoxieat Position.

"A vessel is different in one way
from anything else"
What is tiiat?"
1t is when She is tied up lhnt she
cant make any knots"
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11

The worlds most nortl,eriy rail.
way, in Norway and Sweden. runs t.
81 point 100 miles above the Arctic cir.
Gle.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11

M~et men who are willing to do
good are not in position to make good.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11

perfect c%learness before he decides
never decides.
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-04-11

Matrimonial packages are not nj
ways what they are tied mp to be.