The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1918-11-21

NlIIUf was ttU'AAth anu 'lbHEth ~
the invading hosts and the capital
seemed to be within the grasp of the
Huns. Then came forward the first
heroic figure of the war Marshal
Joffre of France. Communicating
every motor vehicle in Paris he rush
ed TO the front the entire force left to
defend the capital and In mighty
battle along the Marine the Germans
were defeated. They had spread out
too much and permitted their right
flank to be turned and were driven
back TO the northeast. Reaching lines
prepared with this possibility in view
they dug in" and then began period
of trench warfare that lasted for three
years, In the course of which there
were no remarkable gains Of territory
by either side.
Under the management of Lord
Kitchener Britain's millions were be
ing enlisted and trained and trans
ported to the battle grounds. Not
only from the homeland did they
come. but from Canada. Australia,
New Zealand, India. South Africa and
all Of the far-hung possessions of the
empire, with an ardor that settled for
all time the question of their loyalty
10 that empire Ireland alone held
back 10 a considerable extent, hoping
10 gain independence and making IL
self the Matching ground for many a
German plot. Kitchener's great work
practically accomplished, he went to
his death when German submarine
sank the cruiser on which he was
going TO Russia.
Germany's Submarine Warfare,
In the first months of the war the
British fleets, aided by the Japanese,
took away GerInany's island colonies,
and then, having almost full mastery
of the seas, established a blockade of
Germany designed to starye her into
submission. The reply to this was
quick IN coming. The Germans start
ed out their submarines at once, and
began building more and bigger un'
derspa vessels. DiSregarding the rec
ogniZed laws of warfare. they declared
unrestricted war on all vessels Of
their enemies, and murderous career
that finally resulted in dragging the
United States into the conflict and
bringing defeat to themselves. The
first notable victim OF this method of
warfare was the LuSitaniu more than
a thousand Of whose passengers per
iShcd. ON this and many another YES
sci that was sent down by the sub
marines were American citizens, and
there was Il powerful demand on our
government to stop the practice or to
enter the war.
For nearly two years President VIII
son held back writing numerous notes
of protest to Berlin and receiving an
equal number OF false promises.
Early in 1917 Berlin announced that
submarine warfare thereafter would
be unrestrlcted-as ii had been In
reality most of the tlme-and there
was nothing left the United States hut
to declare state of war with Ger
many. This was done on April 6 and
from that fatefuI day the doom of
Germany's great conspiracy was set
tied.
Americas Wonderful Effort.
With amazing energy and speed
America went at the tremendous task
Of making an army out of its civilian
population. There were many mis-
takes and many delays, but those are
almost forgotten in the contemplation
of the marvellous success with which
the thing was accomplished. After Il
iong and heated debate, the selective
draft system Of raising an army was
adopted, and young men by the hun
drcd thousand were taken from their
civilian pursuits, put In immense
training camps and made into soldiers.
10 command them. thousands of of.
ficers were trained In other camps. In
the incredibly short time Of one yenr
nearly two million fighting men. as
efficient as the world has ever seen,
had been transported across the At
lantic, with all the vast supplies re-
qulred; and at home the industries of
the land had been reOrganized for the
business of war. Knowing well the
righteousness Of the task Of winning the
war. the government bent every eff
fort 10 II and the draft age limits were
extended to include all men between
the ages Of eighteen and forty six
Many thousands of those thus drafted
we're in training when the war came
10 close.
Americas arrival in France was
most timely Though the crown prince
had failed mlseITbly in his attempt to
force Il way TO Paris by the Verdul
route In 1916 the Germans never gave
mp their plans to take the French cap
ital and IN the spring of 1918 with
reinforcement released from the
eastern front by the collapse Of Rus
sia, they began powerful drive in
northps France. In the first stage
Of this they reached the Somme. and
IN the second they got to The Marine
again. only ~ miles from Paris
Yankees TO the Rescue
! The Yankees. who We're getting
their final training behind the lines
had not yet seen very much action
but in this crisis their commander
General Pershlng, offered their lmme
date services TO the British ant
French. Brlgnded with the allies
they went into battle with rush tina
inspired the tired Tommes IN,
roilus, and the advance Of the Hum
was checked General Foch France
master struteglst, was made suprem