davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18

Especial to the Caledonian)

Washington, Oct. Subscriptions reported and es-
innate up to Thursday amount to four billion dollars
leaving at least two billion dollars to complete the Fourth
Liberty Loan Only two days left within which to
raise this vast No country earth but America
could raise vast in short time. Americans
do it and do it. The destnes Of the world and
the hopes Of civilization centered upon America. We
shall fail in everything have fought for and hope to
gain in this the Fourth Liberty Loan is defeated
Let every true American citizen today examine himself
under the whole light of patriotism and say whether or
not he has done his utmost in this emergency The high
est obligations of duty and patriotism command every
true American to go Immediately to his bank to his
Liberty Loan committee and subscribe to the limit of his
ability to the Fourth Liberty Bonds. Don't delay Don't
wait to be urged Be quick to do your part in the
Fourth Liberty Loan battle soldiers in France
quick to obey the orders to charge the enemy. Buy Lib
erty bonds on the nstament plan if you cannot buy them
for cash Every patriotic bank will help you If every
Fourth Liberty Loan is certain. The continued victories
of armies in Europe the certain defeat of enemies
and the glorious triumph of the Of liberty depend
upon what the American people do in the remaining two
days of the Fourth Liberty Loan campaign.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
RED CROSS CANTEEN
Secretary Lansing's Sisters in the Red
Cross Service

Paris, Sept. Is, Correspondence of
The Associated Press)-The Ameri-
can Secretary of War, Newton D.
Baker, on arriving in France, called
upon Miss Katherine E. Lansing, and
Miss Emma S. Lansing, of Water
town, N. Y, sisters of the American
Secretary of State, who have organic
ed Red Cross canteen for wounded
American soldiers at French port.
Mr.. Bakers call was unofficial and in
tended as a matter of courtesy to his
colleages in the United States cabinet
but he manifested interest in the
work accomplished by the Misses
Lansing, and congratulated them upon
their recent decoration with the
French War Cross for services under
fire.
The Misses Lansing have organic
ed here a canteen for distributing
sandwiches, hot drinks, cigarettes anc
chocolate to the wounded men return.
ing to America. In the delays be-
tween detraining and sitting OF
board steamers, there are sometime!
long intervals in which no food i:
served to the wounded men. Conse
quently they greatly appreciate tht
good things distributed among then
| by the Misses Lansing as a partin:
godspeed from the Red Cross.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
THREE LINES
IN The GERMAN
OFFENSIVE
Two or Three Others
Behind the Crumbling
Hindenburg Line
OTHERS POSSIBLY
BEING CONSTRUCTED
A Multiple System of
Defense Along Northern
France

With the American Forces in
France, Sept. 80, Correspondence of
The Associated Press)-Where the
German army will endeavor to mt~e
its next stand once the whole Hin
denburg line is definitely abandoned
is now a big question in the minds of
the intelligence officers of the Ameri
can army. Information has reached
them showing that the Hindenburg
line is but one element of a multiple
system of defense works which the
Germans have constructed across
Northern France The cities of Lille
and Metz constitute the pillars of
these great lines of resistance. The
two cities are enormous entrenched
camps and are the extremities of a
series of curved lines one inside the
other.
The first of these lines was the
Hindenburg system now crumbhnG
before the Allied attacks. Back of
this is a second German line of re-
Sl<tance which is called here the
Hundin:s line. P"ssibly the Germans
may endeavor TO stern the tide of
defeat by standing upo1 that hna 1t
stalts from south of Lille, extends
from the western outskirts of Douai,
p:tsses east of he Gatciet -Fre5tets..',
skirts the left bank Of tn, Oise and
ti;c right banir of lie Sere, bends
bacl: toward Si:l@onnc. foInW@ tho
northern bank of the Aisne to south
east of Vouziers. Thence it extends
southeast along the base of the SIN
Gus Saint Mihiel salient.
Behind the Hunding line is a thild /
system known as the Metz-Lille line
II starts at the Scarpe river about
eight miles east of Douai, crosses the
Tscs.ut river, passes through lie Ca
teau and west of Avesnes and Hir5en
covers Mezieres-Charleville and Sc
can. follows the right bank of the
Meuse, defends Briey and Contains
Jarny and virtually rejoins the Hid
enburg line at Pagny-sur-M Mosslle.
Finally, the elements of a fourth
line of retreat exists, running from
Valenciennes to Givet, on which the
Germans also were reported recently
as being hard at work.
These principal lines are, naturally
joined up by auxiliary lines, o:
'fbraces". There is or was one OF
the left bank of the Escaut between
Cambria and Valenciennes, anothe
between Hirson and Verins, and 9th
ers between the second and thirC
lines along the Serre, between tn
first and second lines to the south o
and still othrs possibly now in tn
course of construction.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
BOY OF 1o SECOND MATE
Unable to Enter Navy, George Wes-
ley Swob Now Hopes to Rise
in the Merchant Marine

George Wesley Swob, aged 10, is
perhaps the youngest officer in the
United States merchant marine.
Swob, who is the son of j. George
Swob of Rumford, Me-, entered a
nautical school after leaving high
school in 1912, and began his sea SER
vice in 1916. He has cruised to
South America and various Other
parts of the world during his ship
board experience.
When the war began he tried sew
eral times to get into the navy, but
was rejected He decided, therefore
to make himself as useful as possible
in his own line of work, and there
fore prepared himself for an officers
papers. He is now a second. mate
and has ambitions to gain masters
certificate.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
SERBIANS TOOK 81 GUNS

London, Oct. 17-Serbian troops,
continuing their energetic campaign
for driving out the Austro-German
forces remaining on Serbian soil,
have captured the town of Alexinatz,
on the Morava river, Is miles north
west of Nish, says Serbian official
statement received here today. Thir-
ty-two guns were taken in the fight
ing beyond Nish.
The statement reads:
"We are continuing to pursue the
enemy. On Tuesday we occupied
Kressibaba mountain, the town Of
Alexinatz, Iastrebatz mountain anC
the village of Zlatare. Thirty-twC
guns were captured in these opera
tions.
German airplanes are bombing
Nish.
"French cavalry has captured Pie
rot"
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
A Dangerous Calling

The Burlington News recognizes
the disaster that hangs over news
paper publishing business with con-
ditions as they are today and SUM-
marizes the situation in the folISW-
ing laconic manner:
"Another very heavy increase in
print, paper confronts the publishers
of the country adding to the gravity
Of the publishing situation. While
publishing costs have increased in
two years from 70 to 100 per cent,
the average publisher has not in
creased prices more than 25 per cent.
Naturally something is going to
break if that system is continued
Much higher advertising rates and
subscription prices can alone save the
publishing industry from disaster"
Though the strain of staying in
business felt by all newspapers it is
the existence of the small paper,
daily and weekly, that is threatened.
The Metropolitan dailies simply
boost their advertising rates with
each advance in cost. In other words
they get fair margin of profit above
the cost of manufacture, just as the
merchant gets a profit above the
cost of the goods and his shelves, just
as the printer advances the price OF
his letter heads to conform with the
advance in stock and materials.
1t is impossible however, for the
small country paper to sufficiently
raise its subscription rates and to
sell an intangible thing as advertis-
ing is to most country people, for a
price anywhere near adequate to meet
the present increases. Most small
weeklies today are putting forth un-
told efforts to produce respectable
journals for their communities with
out realizing single penny of profit
for the over-worked owners. Ever
more than that, they are in most
cases being published at an actua,
loss, owing their very life to then
drain and toll enacted from the profits
of the job printing end of the re-
spective establishments. AS the con
temporary says, something is going
to break.
The publication of a country pap
Ell today is not only an unprofitablt
business. 1t is a "dern" dangerous
occupation.-Swanton Courier.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
Community Markets Prevent Waste

Forty community markets have
been orgarized and are in operation
in Massachusetts, according to a re-
port of representative of the
United States Department of Agri-
culture who recently visited the state.
By means of these markets large
quantities of vegetables and fruits
which might otherwise be wasted are
utilized and townspeople can obtain
the produ cts while fresh and at COM
paratively low cost. In most towns
where the markets have been estab-
lished old buildings centrally located
have been utilized and furnished at
little cost In many of the markets
canning kitchens are conducted and
fruits and vegetables not sold in the
first state are sold canned either fol
the owner at cost or to be sold later
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
BRINGING ORDER
OUT OF CHAOS
Russians Must Be Saved from the
Grip of the Bolsheviki

Archangel, Sept. 18, (Correspon-
dence of the Associated Press Diff
ficulty besets the government of the
North and its Allied advisors in their
attempt to bring order out of the
chaos of nine months of Bolsheviki
regime in the Archangel province.
Slowly but surely, the task is going
forward, but no one denies it is diff
ficult job.
One problem the Allies confront is
how to arouse the Russians to work
for their own regeneration and to
join in the task of shaking off the
grip of the BolsheviRi. Urging them
to do so, the Sivernoie Utro, publish
ed here, says:
"The French, British and Ameri-
can soldiers came here from all parts
of the world to fight for the freedom
and happiness of this country. The
Russian people look upon the Allies
with envy, with the eyes of beggar
watching a rich neighbor, and they
are making but little effort themsel-
YES to strive for a happier and freer
life. They expect that the others,
the Allies for instance, will fight for
them"
Russia is now divided into two
camps" declared the Voxroshdenie
Sievera. Zone is on the side of the
monarchists, the Bolsheviki and the
Germans; the other, all the democra-
tic elements of Russia supported by
the Allies. The Bolsheviki try to per-
suade the population that the allied
intervention aims to restore monar-
! chy, but the facts show the contrary.
Russia must fully realize that the aim
of the allies is to lend their assistance
for the generation of Russia on a
sound and democratic basis.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
BOMBING GERMANY'S
WAR INDUSTRIES
British Air1nen Do Great Damage
and Terrorize Whole Region

London, Sept 30-(Correspon-
dence of the Associated Press)-A
belt of the Rhine valley, roughly 250
miles long, from Cologne in the north
to the Grand Duchy of Baden in the
South, region crowded with war in
dustries and intersected by a railway
system of vital strategic Importance
to the German army in France, is
nova definite part Of the war zone
This is one of the most striking and
significant developments of the AL
lied campaign, and how big are its
possibilities may be gauged by the
vast damage, both physical and moral
already inflicted upon the enemy It
is the achievement of the Royal Air
Force
Over that region in the last three
months the airmen, operating day and
night, have made 249 raids, dropping
POT tons of bombs upon enemy rail
way centers, munition works, poison
gas factories, electrical and engin-
eering plants, blast furnaces, aero
dromes, and other important military
objectives.
The effects of these raids have
been of incalculable benefit to the
| Allies. One of the first was the COM
pulsory withdrawal by the Germans
of a large number of their airplanes
from the fighting front for the de-
fense of the Rhine.
But a greater gain has been the
profound and widespread depression
caused to the German people, the
''home 'front.'" to use the phrase of
! Ludendorff. Captured letters from
| places as widely separated as Mann
helm and Cologne testify to the ter
ror and panic inspired by the raids
among the civil population. Well-to-
do families, in increasing numbers
are seeking the temporary security
of more distant inland towns. There
are indications that the flight of the
wealthy is causing intense resentment
among the working population who
being for the most part engaged IL
war industries, are exposed to almost
nightly danger from the raiders.
But the terror Of the German pop
ulace is not confined to the territory
actually added, to the war zone. Il
exists throughout the country, parti.
cularly in far-distant Berlin where
preparations already have been made
to defend the city against raids.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
P. M. FOR THE RED CROSS
Expert Postal Clerk Will Handle
Christmas Mail

New York, Oct. 18-The American
Red Cross Society will handle all
Christmas mail for our soldiers at
the front this year under the direc-
tion of Captain George F. Miller, of
New York City.
Captain Miller's long experience
in the postal service of the United
States and his knowledge of war con-
ditions here particularly fit him for
this service.
Christmas packages destined to the
men at the front will be delivered on
or before Christmas day. All pack
ages must be sent in containers,
which will be furnished by the Red
Cross Society throughout America.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
WHOLE GERMAN DEFENSE SYSTEM EAST
OFMEUSE IN GREAT PERIL
Meeting of Hungarian Diet Adjourned Because of Uproar
on Announcement That Austria Was Being Organized
on Federal Basis

Paris-Lille Douai and Ostend the three great cities
have been delivered from the enemy This gor-
ious day for the Allies since the battle of the Marine and
1t htngy terminates wonderful battle of three months
which opened by General Mangns victorious counter
offensive of July 49, Many cities have been liberated and
hundreds of square miles of territory taken.
The victory in Belgium is not ALL British have broken
into the German positions south Of Lecateau and
III eatening Hindenburg line.
German defense system east of Meuse is in peril
the road to Buzzels is opened.
French and Belgian armies are advancing rapidly
towards Bruges and Ghent.
The capture of Ostend makes it possible to land re-
Inducements and throw powerful reinforcements against
extreme right of German army.
Basel-Tumutous scenes prevailed at yesterdays
meeting of Hungarian Diet during which demands
made for peace and it announced that Austria
being organized federal basis, the uproar was so
great that the sitting had to be adjourned Discord
rued however deputies calling each other blackguards
liar, traitors and slaves.
London-British naval forces have occupied Ostend,
it officially announced by the Royal Air Force.
Aviators reported Ostend clear of the enemy and
Vice-Admiral Keyes commander of the British Channel
Fleet landed in the former German submarine base at
1855 p.
Paris-A complete break through has been effected
by the Allies in the Germans second defence line in Bel
gium, according to battlefront dispatches received
Dense masses Of cavalry are pouring through the
breach and reported to have advanced nine miles
The break through probably in the region of
hie where Belgian cavalry reported to have entered
that city after sudden advance of more than three miles,
The French in Champagne are still fighting hard to
capture Rethe, but the Germans thus far have been
able to hold this important position in their hands,
North of Grand Pre- both the French and Americans have
made further progress the difficult ground Espec
tally have been the hardships suffered by the Amer
leans in encompassng the natural Notifications and the
attacks by hoes Of enemy machine gunner Before the
Americans the Germans are giving ground only inch by
inch.
Geneva-A revolution has broken out in Constanti-
nope against the Young Turks the Tribune de Geneva
reported The Germans said to have rushed twenty
Erver Pasha.
Turkeys friendship with Germany dates from the
time the Young Turks into power. Enver Pasha
was until recently the Turkish War Minister. He faith
fully served the Kaisers interests in Constantinope
Turkish warships in the Black Sea principally
sells taken from Russia 1t has been reported that the
Germans determined to hold the Turks in the Central al
12ce announced they were ready to lombard CONSTANT
Ecpe, if necessary, to halt any against Germany.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
Censorship Partially Removed

Washington, Oct. 1.-THE volun-
tary censorship ban upon information
of shipping movements on the Pacl-
fic coast was withdrawn today with
the approval of the navy department
Except in the case of transports ano
munitions carriers, the navy with
draws its request that newspapers re
frain from publishing the movement
of merchant ships in and out Of Pa
cific ports.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
AIDED 5000 REFUGEES
Splendid Work of the American Red
Cross

Paris, Oct. 18-The American Red
Cross has aided 5000 refugees re-
turning to their homes in the recon-
quered Aisne and Marine districts, in
one months time. Supplies have been
sent to Chateau-Thierry, Essones,
Dormans, Troissy, Verneuil and Vii
lers-C -Cotteret. Motor trucks known as
rolling grocery stores make the
rounds of the districts to supply
the needs of the homecomers in plac-
es where no shops have yet opened.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
SPECIAL CONDITIONS
Require Note to Austria

Rome, October 17-President Will
sons decision to send separate an
swer to Austria-Hungary's peace pro-
posal is treated in a semi official note
issued here as follows:
president Wilson will give a sep
arate answer to Austria-Hungary, as
it is evidently necessary to give spec
ial consideration to the peculiar eth
nical and internal conditions of the
central empires in order that Presi-
dent Wilson's high aims of liberty and
justice may be attained"
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
AIDS BELGIAN CHILDREN
Already 10000 Little Folks Taken tc
Holland to Recuperate

Havre, Oct. 18-Lieutenant-C Col
onel Ernest P. Bicknell, Commission
er for Belgium, has announced that
the American Red Cross is to aid the
sickly children in occupied Belgium
by sending them into Holland to
build up their strength. Already 1O,-
900 children have been brought out of
Belgium for this special treatment.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
THE CASUALTY LIST

Two Vermonters in Casualties
Washington, Oct. 18-The follow
ing casualties are reported by the
Commanding General of the Ameri-
can Expeditionary Forces:
Killed in action 55
Missing in action 81
Wounded severely 130
Died from wounds IL
Died from accident and other
causes z
| Died of disease Is
Wounded, degree undetermined los
Total 353
Killed in action, Nicholas Belifore,
Rutland.
Died of disease, William J. Thom-
as, Burlington.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
w. G. McADOO.
ATTEMPT AT LIFE
Lenine Escapes Assassin's Bullet for
Second Time

Paris, Oct. 18-Another attempt
has been made upon the life Of Nj
kolai Lenien, Bolshevik Premier, ac-
cording to the Leipzig Abend Zei-
tung, General Anzeiger's Kieff CORES
pondent.
Lenine received bullet in the
shoulder, from a revolver in the
hands Of Dwanitzke, Of the Informa-
ton Bureau of the Soviet Dwanitzke
was arrested.
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
THREE GREAT CITIES NOW FREE
THREE MONTHS BATTLE ENDED
ALLIES MOST GLORIOUS DAY

Hunding Line Threatened-ROad to Bruzzels Opened
Revolution in Constantinope Against Young Turks
Turkish Warships in Black Sea are Russian-Report-
ed That Germans VIII BOmbard Constantnople if
Necessary to Halt Move Against Germany
The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-18
WEATHER

Cloudy tonight and Saturday.
Five Mile Beach weekly journal., 1918-07-26
SUBSTITUTE FOR
DINNER GARMENT
English Tea Gown Adopted by
America Because of Artistic
Value and Comfort.
WAR Influences FASHIONS
Rivalry Results in Introduction of the
"Rainbow" Gown, In Honor Of
First Fighting Division to
Go Abroad.

New York.-The world goes on re-
This is not only true of the stupendous
spectacle of war in its most barbaric
form, asserts a prominent fashion crit
ic, but it is true of the minor accidents
and happenings that futter through
''this imbroglio called life"
Observe fashions. The designers dip
their hands deep into the boiling pot
of ancient lands, history and peoples,
and pull out of it demure or fantastic
things, which they dress up a bit and
give yer to a most modern people, who
accept them as new.
At present the designers are dipping
more deeply than ever. They seem to
be frantically pulling out odds and
ends of fotsam and jetsam that must
serve to whet the appetites of those
who have money.
Garden Hats and Tea Gowns.
1t seemed a fitting thing today to
revive the simplicity of Civil war os-
tumery, and therefore we, see APP
preaching us an erar of printed mus
Inns, garden hats, pastel colors and
Colonial fichus.
Along with these fashions ONE
that intimate and usually alluring gar
ment called the tea gown. 1t is as
much a part of the English social sys-
TEN as five o'clock tea, cricket and par
Lament. The French have always
placed their reliance upon the garment
which they call the "robe d'interieur."
But the American had nothing to place
beside these two.
When this remark was once made
to a French designer she lifted her
eyebrows in surprise and asked, "But
is there not the Mother Hubbard?"
There was, she was assured, but it
was not the kind of garment Of which
she would approve.
But here in America today we are
rapidly learning the artistic value and
comfort Of the British tea gowns,
which someone once described as the
only really soft thing in the British
nation. That statement was made,
however, before the English woman
had learned to copy the arts and the
graces of face and figure from the
French, and when she still wore her
stiff, unyielding, ugly clothes; her big
boots; straight, mannish Scotch
tweeds, and raglan coats.
The English tea gown has spread
over the civilized world, alongside Of
the English five o'clock tea, which even
Five Mile Beach weekly journal., 1918-07-26

have taught her the economy and
pleasure of it.
Black, midnight blue, olive green,
beige and munitions gray have ruled
the outdoor costumery of the French
people since August, 1914. They have
worn white only at mountain and sea-
shore resorts, and then it was re-
stricted to sport clothes for the morn
ing hours.
The French are quite willing to wear
dark and demure clothes in the street,
but they ease up the depression of
their spirits by adopting colors in their
own homes. At the opera, the play,
in public restaurants, one sees clothes
in sOmber colors; but in the French
homes-especially In the Paris houses,
where women are involved in a social
system-there is a brilliant display of
the British tea gown. 1t solves the
problem it satisfies the need for color I;
it does not flaunt itself in the face of