davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
OUTLINED
FOR MAKING HAY
Three Men and Two Horses Is
Most Economical Crew for
Gathering Up Crop.
HAULING DONE IN AFTERNOON
Amount That Can Be Handled un-
der Conditions Given viii Be
From 40 to go Acres, Much De-
pending Upon the Yield.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture
On many farms haymaking is car
ried On In more or less haphazard
manner, resulting In loss of time,
as now and then part of the crew is
idle. With small crews there Is usual
ly less loss Of time than with larger
crews, where some are moving and
raking, loading and hauling, and 9TH
ers working at the barn all Of the
time.
The smallest economical crew for
bringing hay from the field and put
ting 1t into the barn Is the three-man
and two-horse crew. In the East. the
common practice is to load the wagon
with hand forks and unload 1t with
the horse fork or sling. This arrange
ment allows two men to pitch on the
load and one man to build the load on
the wagon and drive the team. When
the load is on, all three men go to the
barn to unload. At the barn one man
works In the NOW, one sticks the hay
fork on the wagon, and the third
ludu ui1NtS Tie team vi iilt Iplt. NV
time is lost, except that lost by the
| two pitchers in travelling. between the
barn and the field In the East the
average distance between these points
Is quarter of a mile or less.
Custom In East.
On most average-sized farms In the
East the general custom is to haul
hay In the afternoon only. In the fore
noon, one man mows enough hay In
about four hours. starting after the
dew is almost gone, for half days
hauling. Three to five acres, yielding
IS tons to the acre, is about all the
ordinary three-man crew can handle
The second man rakes every morn
ing. at the beginning of the hayinf
season, the hay that was moved the
day before. In the forenoon the thirt
man does not work at haying at all
but is free to do other farm work
such as blowing corn, ETC.
Let us see what the effect will be OF
the size Of the crew If the hay is no
cut until well past "full bloom" tn
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30

ing enforced. You can help to see
they are enforced. You can see that
loafers in your section get job or 60
to Jail. Every loafer put to work re-
leases man who may help on the
farm.
Farmers need hands. Soldiers must
have food. Farmers can't produce
food unless they have help. The loaf
er Is aiding the enemy whether he
means to do so or not. The man so
dead Of spirit as not to realize his pa
triotic obligation must be forced to
see it. Give the loafers of your town
a straight-frOm-the-s under
standing Of their alternatives. This
is no time for word mincing or baby
talk.
Make him go to work or go to jail.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
FARM MACHINERY GREAT AID
How One Farmer by Fully Utilizing
His Implements Did the Work
of Two Men.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture)
Farm machinery makes it possible In
some places and at some times for one
man to do the work that two did be-
fore.
"On recent trip through the corn
belt states I saw on one farm two big
strong men, each with a team Of
horses and single mold-board pillow,
following each other around the field"
said G. l.. Christie, assistant to the
secretary of agriculture, who is super
vising the departments farm labor ac-
tivities under the direction of Assist
ant Secretary Ousley. ION an adjoin-
ing farm a boy not more than seven
teen years old was driving four big
horses hitched to a two-furrow plow
and doing d work equal to If not great
er than that accomplished by the two
men.
ION another farm there were two
men on one wagon spreading manure
with forks, while close by another
farmer with three horses and a ma
nure spreader was accomplishing q
larger amount of work in more eff
cient way.
"In similar way the double cut
away harrow, the wide cutter bar OF
the mower and the binder, the sheai
carrier on the grain harvester, the
milking machine, the farm tractor
haying tools, and other machinery are
making it possible Tor farmers to han
die their work with a materially re
duced number of men,"
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
Careful SANITATION
TO PREVENT DISEASE
Poultry Coops and Houses Should
Be Thoroughly Ventilated
Observance Of Simple Rules Viii Pre-.
vent Trouble by Overcrowdin9 and
Soil mlnation-Tvrn
Soil In Yards.
prepared by the United States reraxs-
nent of Agriculture.l

prepared by the United States repaxx-
nent of Agriculture)
With all classes of poultry breeders
there should be more careful efr0Sx
than ever before to secure thorough
sanitation and thus to prevent diss
ease. =
On farms correct sanitation is 80
cured in houses and coops by Eo04
ventilation at all times and the re-
moval of the night droppings as Often
as necessary to avoid bad odor. On
the land the desired result is obtained
by distributing the stock so that MI
droppings are taken up as fertiiixcs
by the vegetation growing on II -
quickly that there Is no soil pollution.
Observance of these simple rules WE
not only prevent all diseases caused b
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30

PREVENT DISEASE ON FARMS
Distinction of Seed, Location and
Care of Seed Bed and Crop Rota-
ton Are important.

prepared by tho United States Depart
ment of Agricultme)
The first aim Of the farmer should
be to prevent, if possible, the introdue-
ton and distribution of destructive dis
eases on his farm. In order to accens-
pllsh this, several precautions should
be observed of which the more impor-
tant are "a the disinfeotion of seed.
(2) the location and care Of the seed
bed, and CD crop rotation.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
.i'ttf-saf,f.f'Ff++tf-f 4'-r.ffi-ff.f4--f
HOW FARMERS GET HELP

prepared by the United States
Department of Agricultural
In every agricultural district
there are farmers who have sue
ceeded In holding their eni-
ployees in spite of all the attrac-
lions offered by other Industries
These farmers have usually en-
ployed married men and have
furnished them with a small but
comfortable house. Moreover,
the laborers have enjoyed the
privilege of raising a small gar
den and few pigs and chickens
Clarence Ousley, Assistant
Secretary of Agriculture.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
busting for Brown Rot.

busting peaches through the season
for brown rot and scab is fully as ef-
fective and much quicker than spray
ing. Two applications are necessary
In dry season; three If rainy. The
last application should be made about
three weeks before picking.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
CITIES MUST HELP

prepared by the United Stat@
Department of Agriculture.)
In any American city 1t may
come to pass that men who know
how to chop wood or pick cotton
or harvest wheat will have to
close their offices and stores dur
ing the periods Of seasonal strair
and come out and help the farm
ers. All the other countries at
war have done that and we must
do it If the need appears.-Clar-
ence Ousley, Assistant Secretary
OF Agriculture.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
SPRAYING POTATOES WITH 4 POWER OUTFIT.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture
Spraying Will control insects and dis
eases which cause the yearly loss of
more than 100000 900 bushels to the
potato crop. If spraying were not now
practiced, the present enormous loss
would be even greater, but sprays are
not used as widely or as thoroughly as
they should be.
Proper spraying controls the Colo
RADIO potato beetle and fate blight-the
worst enemies of the potato-blister
beetles, flea beetles, cutworms and 9TH
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
Helping Village and Town.

Duty does not stop with the
raising OF poultry products suf-
ficient to feed the home folks
on the farm. Many village peo-
pie will have to look to the near
by farm for poultry or probably
go without. Many people In
town have not even back yard
and cannot maintain @ laying
flock. These folks look to the
farm for fresh eggs and chick
ems for the table. Dozens OF
people in nearby villages and
towns would ABLY have back
yard flock If 1t could be pro-
cured near home. The farmer
should rear extra pullets to help
fill this call from the village and
town.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
PURCHASE FOWLS
IN FALL SEASON
autumn Is Time for City Man to
Begin Preparations for 0p-
Grating Hen Yard.
GOOD pULLETS ARE FAVORED
Advice Of Experienced Poultry Raiser
VIII Greatly Assist Amateur-One
Of GeneraI-Puepose Breeds 10
Preferable.

The best way for the city poultry
keeper to procure hens Is to purchase
them in the fall. An effort should be
made to obtain pullets rather than
older hens, and tho pullets selected
should be well matured, so that they
will begin to lay before cold weather.
Evidences of the maturity Of pullets
are the development and red color of
the comb and a size and growth which
are good for the breed or variety. Hens
Will lay little or no eggs during the
fall and early winter while they are
melting. Well-matured pullets, how
ever, should lay fairly well during this
period, so that an immediate return is
realized from the investment.
Advice Helps inexperienced.
When pullets are to be purchased,
1t is well if possible to go to some farm
or or poultryman who may be known
TO the prospective purchaser. In some
cases it may pay to make arrangements
with the farmer to raise the desired
number of pullets at an agreed price.
Where the householder does not have
an opportunity to go into the country
for his pullets, he can often pick them
out among the live poultry shipped into
the city to be marketed.
The advice of someone who knows
poultry should be sought to make sure
that pullets or young hens are obtained
and that the stock Is healthy. Often
! local poultry associations are glad to
help the prospective poultry keeper to
get stock by putting him In commune
cation with some Of its members hav-
ing stock for sale. Sometimes boards
of trade or chambers of commerce are
glad to help bring together the pro-
xpective purchaser and the poultry
raiser.
Kind OF Fowls to Keep.
Householders usually desire not only
eggs for the table and for cooking, but
also an occasional chicken to eat. For
this reason one of the general-purpose
breeds, such as the Plymouth Rock,
Wyandotte, Rhode Island Red, or
Qrpington, is preferable to the smaller
egg breeds, such as the Leghorns. Not
oaly do the mature fowls of these
breeds, because Of their larger size,
II AXE better table fowls than the Leg
horns, but the young chickens for the
same reason make better friers and
roasters, whereas chickens of the egg
breeds are only suitable for the small
CT hroilers.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30

err caterpillars, leafhoppers, aphids or
plant lice, early blight, and other foil
age diseases. For most Of the insects
and for the diseases spraying with
bordeaux mixture and arsenate of lead
Is recommended, but for leafhoppers
and plant lice contact sprays, such as
nicotine sulphate and emulsions, are
the best. For blight bordeaux mixture
/ Is an effective means of control. Other
methods calculated to help protect the
crop are jarring and driving, crop rota-
ton and clean cultural practices.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30

be reduced, allowing on the average 20
to 30 square feet per bird.
A few hens are sometimes kept sue
cessfully with a smaller yard allow
ance than this, but II the space is avail
able yard Of the size indicated should
be used.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30

Don't keep male bird after
the Matching season. Hens lay
just as well without a male.
Don't overstock your land.
Purchase well-matured> pullets
rather than hens.
Make the poultry house dry
and free from drafts, but allow
) for ventilation.
Keep the house and yard
clean.
Grow some grecn crop In the
yard.
Spade up the yard frequently.
; Feed table scraps and kitchen
waste.
) Keep hens free from lice and
the house free from mites.
4
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
Moving in the Afternoon.

Now LET us suppose that 1t is decid-
ed to do the moving In the afternoon
as well as the ralxing, and see how this
arrangement affects the size of the
crew. Such a method requires anoth-
er additional man or team. making a
crew of five men working in the hay
field in the afternoon only. There will
be one man moving, one raking the
hay moved the day before, and three
men bringing hay from the field and
putting it into the barn. Two more
horses will also be required with this
method, making a total of six, yet
this larger crew will handle no more
hay per day than the three-man crew
above described.
The amount of hay that can be
handled under these conditions will
be from 40 to GO acres, depending upon
the yield. If the hay loader is used,
more hay can be handled pen day. The
two pitchers work on the wa gon build
ing the load, and the third man drives
the team.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30
Beans in Succession.

Beans may be used as sa'rcess,os
crop for grass, spinach. or { aiou set4
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1918-08-30

stage of maturity at which hay (tim-
othy, for example) must be cut If
choice or "tea green" hay is to be Sc
cured.
Hay cut when past full bloom cures
quite rapidly If the weather is favor
able, and hay moved in the forenoon
can be put into the barn in the af-
ternoon. This arrangement requires
an extra man and two extra horses to
rake the hay. To facilitate matters,
the sidedelivery rnke should be used,
80 that loading can be started as soon
as the rake has made one round. The
fourth man will usually finish raking
by three or four O'Clock in the after
noon, and can help load during the re-
mainder of the day. However, three
men pitching onto one wagon is not
ordinarily very economical arrange
ment.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-09-03

nnaHHuuHH ! - j ! s
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1918-09-03
RIBBONS

Fancy Hair Bow Ribbon in all the popular shades and
widths, brocaded lowered, MORE and satin; also
late stripes and plaids. DE- In @E
Picot Edge silk Ribbon in the popular widths and
a 7nsss nsss F fsa: yard s. and to 75c
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
CHECK SPREAD Of
DISEASE IN ARMY
u. S. Medical Corps Succeeds
in Eliminating BOtuIISm
Among Soldiers.

WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY
~ ENGLAND. Aug 12.-(By Maill
A few cases OF botulism have been
discovered I'm the American army
but none has resulted fatally and
the medical corps has encountered
no difficulty in checking the spread
Of the disease.
A greater number of cases have
been found in the British forces but
the percentage is not much larger
there and. while deeply interested
in the chara cter OF this latest Of war
diseases. physicians. both British
and American, profess "A conviction
that il will not become so prevalent
a. 20 become a menace. One OF the
victims in the American army has
been an officer at headquarters. He
recovered. only slight dropping Of
the eyelids remaining some days aft
or he was discharged. as a reminder
or his illness.
Little regarding the causes OF the
disease has yet been learned. The
symptoms include an inordinate de-
sire 10 sleep. supplemented often by
a slight rash and tendency 10 de
lirium. The patient sometimes is
left in a partly paralyzed state. In
a few cases only has it proved fatal
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
JOHN CARROLL STILL
IN THE LiMELlGHT

The Chicago Tribune Sunday car
ried the picture OF John Carroll Of
Mishawaka who was captioned as
having been mentioned in the dis
patches for conspicuous bravery.
The Times some FIVE months
ago carried the story OF young Car
rolls valor While fighting with the
Canadian light infantry ne captured
machine gun and killed FIVE of the
enemy while doing so. For this he
was awarded the Victoria cross the
highest honor that can be paid 20 a
member OF the British or Colonial
armies. Since the story first appear
ed in The News-Times (Which was
accompanied with his Photography
nearly every magazine and news
paper in the country have at differ
ent times served it as a rehash
His sister. Miss Mary. lives at 126
F. Eighth St. this city
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
GETS DRUNK ON WOOD
ALCOHOL, FINED SIS

Frank Dubontsck pleaded guilty
10 intoxicati0n before City Judge
Feig Monday morning. This was
Franks third offense and Feig fined
him SIS and costs. amounting 20
S25 which he paid. When asked
where he obtained the liquor he told
the chief that ne drank denatured
alcohol
Ross Thompson. who was arrest
ed for intoxication sunday evening.
was released on a $25 bond His
case will be heard Tuesday morn
ing
The case OF the state VS. Hugh
Sawders charged with child deser-
ton, was dismissed from court.
Sawder was Immediately rearrested
charged with contempt OF court. His
wife secured a divorce from him
and Sawder was ordered by the
court to pay g a week for the sup
port Of his son. which he has failed
10 do
The cases Of the state vs. Ernest
Briesbrook and Cyriel. Nerbeke.
charged with receiving LIQUOR from
a common carrier will be heard
Tuesday morning.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
1000 SOLDIERS FINISH
VOCATIONAL TRAINING

indianapolis Ind Aux Ia
More than 1000 soldiers most ~
them from various parts Of -r-
state. Daraded through Tn5a0ap.'
streets saturday as part OF Che -s-
ercises marking the close or their
two months Of intensive oca-.01ei
training They we're ohaer-f -v
thousands OF residents % .rr C..r.
and marched IN review before Er.
Robert T. Reese. head m the ..
mittee on special t~a ri-F m -re
war department and others -fer-
ested .n Eocationef t-sr.-r no sole
dlers
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
MZSHAWAKA GENERAL NEWS
NeUsTms LinconW HOmeP hOne11S
GRANT DEARLY WEEDS
MISS MILDRED SITES

Announcement have been received
here OF the marriage OF Grant Dear
by and Miss Mildred r. sites, both
OF Mishawaka The ceremony was
performed al Chicago. Aug 10. The
bride is the daughter OF Mrs. Eula
Domer. residing three miles south
east OF Mishawaka. She formerly
attended the Mishawaka high school
The groom came 10 this city about
three years ago from Chicago.
Mr.. and Mrs Dearly viii reside
in Chicago
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
SUNDAY LISTS

WASHINGTON, Aug 12-The
army casualty list issued Sunday in
four sections shows
Killed in action. 154 died Of
wounds. IS died OF accident and
other causes. 4 wounded severely.
IS. wounded degree undetermined
65 wounded slightly . missing in
action. IS Total 345
Indiana men named in Sunday
army casualty list follow
Howard L. snyder. 1910 Portage
av.. South Bend, killed in action.
July 10.
Bogdan Bluc. 1918 Pollard st.
south Bend. wounded, degree un-
determined.
StanisLau SmickOvTski. Grace
st. south Bend. missing
G. g. Kober. street address un-
known. south Bend, missing
Paul kOber s1S ". Fisher 81.
south Bend. missing.
Sergt Marcus Walentic. Gary.
killed in action.
cpl Paul C. Daron. Michigan
City. killed in action.
Pvt OrVnle r. kendall Ander
son. killed Ia action.
Pvt % A Dueppe. Hammond
missing IN action
Henry c. Richmau. Anderson.
Ind killed in action
John n .ToerEer Greensburg.
wounded degree undetermined
Mars NJ Miller, Anderson. Ind
wunded. degree undetermined.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
DODGE MFG. COMPANY is
AWARDED CONTRACT

The Dodge Mfg. Co. was given the
contract for the sidewalk on Union
ST. from Eighth ST. north past its
plant, at meeting of the board OF
public works held Monday morning
The appropriation for the expenses
OF the city for 1919 amounting to
$50. $50 was adopted by the board
and recommended 10 the city coun-
ell
This appropriation includes the
expenses Of the street department.
engineers, park, city hall garbage.
rubbish. city sealer. board of works
and sundry appropriations The en-
ployes Of the electric department
presented a petition for an increase
in salary. This was referred 10 the
mayor. controller and Supt. Kline.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
GERMAN RESISTANCE
AIMED TO SAVE WAR
MATERIALS IN PICAR0Y
-fernatIonaI Vows Service

International News Service
LONDON G1:42 a. M. Aug. 70
German resistance on the Picardv
front is due 20 an endeavor 20 save
the accommodations Of war materials
and 70 evacuate them behind the
Somme river. according 20 the Reu-
ter correspondent at the front to-
day. He estimated the mum Der Of
German prisoners at 5000 and the
number of guns taken al more than
500
The British have captured the
high ground between Etinchem and
Dernancourt Immediately south II
Albert.
A dispatch from Paris said that
the Matin estimates the German
prisoners az 10000 and the guns NJ
200
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-08-12
DISCOVER ANCIENT ART.

ROME. Aug. l@-ENCaTators IN
Cyrene have recently made a num-
Der OF valuable discoveries of an
cient art dating from the Graeco-
Roman period. The latest include
two magnificent statues which were
found in Beda. one the likeness OF "a
Roman matron Of the second cen
fury. and the other Winged Vie
Tory" which VIII De placed i'm the
museum OF Benghaz.
At Cyrene the exploration IS par
ticularly active OF late and HIS
brought 70 light a number Of busts
and statues The latest is a temple
with ? colossal statue Of Demeter
and LONE inscription from the third
century 2. c.