davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
u. s. Losses
During War
Are 10000

Close estimates made yesterday
in official quarters indicate that the
total casualties in American armies
in the foreign service up to the day
hostilities ceased. were about
los, 900.
1t is understood that there are
about 1000 casualties of which de-
tails have not been received and
that there are good reasons why
previous estimates should be revised.
1t was stated yesterday that there
has been nothing like a ratio of
losses in battle by which totals
could be cOnjectured.
1t is certain that the last battles
in which the Americans were en-
gagged, and especially those by
which Pershing's forces crossed the
upper reaches of the Meuse, were
desperate engagements, in which
the American losses were heavy.
The right bank of the Meuse was
reached by the use of pontoons in
the face of tremendous artillery
fire. The lighting is said to have
been more intense than that in
which the Marines of the First Di-
vision participated in the first at
tacks of the allies near Chateau
Thierry.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
TAFT NOT U. S.
PEACE ENVOY
Further Information Re.
garding Wilson S Plans
Withheld.

No additional information concern
ing President Wilson's trip to the
peace conference was forthcoming
from the White House yesterday. The
only development was the elimination
OF former President Taft from the
list of prospective peace envoys. It
was learned authoritatively that he is
not being considered.
Representative Madden, Republican
OF Illinois, suggested In the House this
afternoon that inasmuch as the Presi-
dent was going abroad, and that most
OF the Cabinet members might accom-
pany' it would perhaps be a good
thing for Congress to adjourn and to
take a vacation over there"
There's no necessity for a yaca- :
tion." rejoined Minority Leader
hitchin. No doubt we'll get out
orders by cable when tke President
is oyer there"
1t was intimated today that the
President would possibly visit the
historic portions of the Western
front while he is in France. There
is no confirmation whatever of the
report that he might make two
trips to the peace conference. such
action, it vas said. is out of the
question.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
BARS REMOVED
ON SEA TRADE
Board Permits Cotton Ex-
ports; Lifts Ban on
: Hides and Rubber.

The War Trade Board yesterday let
down the bars upon the expectation
of raw cotton.
The board further removed war re-
strictiOns by shortening the conserva-
ton list.
Import restrictions on hides and
skins and rubber were also relaxed.
The cotton order provides that on and
after December ? individual licenses
for the export of raw cotton to the
allied nations will not be required
and~that customs officials will be au-
thorized to pass shipments.
Effective today the limitation OF
quantity that may be shipped to Spain
Is lifted and the board states that
licenses will be granted freely. This
same policy is to be adopted toward
applications for license to ship to
other foreign destinations
The regulations as to statement OF
grades. sales and freight aIlotments
are also removed. beginning with to-
day.
Cotton and cotton yarns are also
removed from the export Conserva-
ton list at the same time.
Further Restriction Necessary.
In a general statement OF policy the
board announced that it is revising
the conservation list as rapidly as pos
sibIe. but that the rehabilitation or
Europe and Siberia may require fur
ther restrictions upon bulky commodi-
ties and that the shortage of tonnage
may for some time make rationins
Of raw materials necessary.
The board will permit. il says. the
importation Of 7,5OO more tons Of rub
Der prior to January l than it had
previously announced. This will aid
the automobile industry. which the
War Industries Board relieved of pro-
duction restriction to the extent OF
% per cent. ..-.- .--.-..
The boot and shoe industry is also
benefited by the relaxing of restric-
tions upon the importation of hides.
skins and leather. The ban is not
entirely lifted, but importations may
now be made If the goods were con-
tracted for prior to June Is. Such
importations will be subject to al
location by the Bureau of Imports.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
PEACE SPELLS
U-BQAT DOOM
Naval Authorities Predict
Conference VIII Place Ban
on Submarines.

The future OF the German u-bOst.
the outlaw OF the seas. will be an
extremely interesting matter for
discussion at the Peace Congress.
Navy reports said yesterday that
the very fact that there was no
definite or specific pronoUnCemeuts
on the rights and privileges Of un-
dersea craft at the Hague confer
ences led to the acrimonious dis
Cussions OF tho use OF the C-bost in
the early part OF the war The
uselessness OF these discussions on
account Of the high handed fashion
in which Germany proceeded to
make laws OF her own limiting the
freedom OF the seas" obliged the
merchant marine Of the world
eventually TO arm itself
There is only one opinion among
naval men as to what should be
done with the U-boats or Germany.
They seem certain that Germany
will not be permitted to have sub
marines in any future fleet. These
experts also believe that the discus
sions at the Peace Congress will
turn on these two questions:
First. Whether il is possible 10 de-
fine the rights Of subrnersibles and
Second. Whether in the processes ot
disarmament, il agreed upon, the
C-boats should be abolished
The second proposition would mean
that the U-boat would be eliminated
entirely as a factor in naval war
fare.
1t is noted now that 10 the early
stages Of the conflict between the
U-bosts and Great Britain the L. S.
stood for forcing the subrna rms. 10
conform to the regulations Of ',cruis-
er warfare" The Germans for some
time made a pretense of complying
with the suggestions Of the URited
tateS but later charged that British
merchant vessels fired on them and
that premiums were Offered for the
destruction OF the submarines BY
merchantmen armed contrary 70 in
ternational law
Navy men say that the U-boat set
uement is to be one Of great
difficulty and that Il will play an i'm
portant part I'm any definition Of the
term. freedom OF the seas" The
freedom takes in the question OF the
effectiveness Of blockades. what areas
may be blockaded and under what
circumstance. They regard 81 as
settled, howeve- that there Will never
be again Z declaration by anv nation
that Il is blockading any part cf the
high sees BY submersible ships. -s-rs
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
GARMENTS PAY RAISED
BY WAR LABOR BOARD
TRACTION Employees Will Receive
Average Of 43 Cents Per Hour

Ten labor awards. nine Of them
street railway eases. were announc-
ed by the National war,Labor Board
yesterday.
Street railway men in Syracuse.
East St. Louis, DetroIt Cincinnati,
Portland, Ne. Cfsr.oztor. augusta
and other cltisg are ateCrad By the
awards.
The Other gNard. - the case OF
the machinTsfs at the American
Locomotivs WOrsls az Peterson, n.
J.. granted the men a +S-hour week,
for which they contended. ID.
In all the street railway cases
wages are increased. Wages for
motormen and copduotors are fixed
at from 3s to as cents an hour with
the average about 43 cents. Most
of the awards are made effective on
prior dates and the companies or
dered to pay back pay on the basis
OF the Increases.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
NEWBERRY ELECTION
INQUIRY POSTPONED
Senate Committee Shelves lnvesti-
CATION of Michigan Campaign.

Indefinite postponement of the in
vestigation of the election of Tru-
man H Newberry to the Senate
from Michigan was decided upon by
the Senate Committee on Privileges
and Elections yesterday. The vote
on postponement was s to 5. Sena-
tors voting in the Affirmative were
Senators King. Vardaman, Dilling-
ham, Knox, Kellogg and Sherman.
while those who opposed the
motion were Senators Pomerene,
Walsh, WolcOtt. Ashurst and Ken
yon.
The principal argument in favor
of postponing action on the case
was that the committee can have
no Jurisdiction oyer Newberry's
election until he has taken his seat
in the Senate. The question as to
whether or not the law was yio-
lated by the lavish expenditure of
money on Newberry's behalf will
not be determined therefore until
Newberry TAX his seat in the next
Senate At this time the Republf-
cans viii be in control and the ma
jority of the committee which will
pass upon the case will be RepubIi-
cans.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
Brands Advocates Greater
Traitors to Country Than
Benedict Arnold.
S. AMERICA HIS CHOICE
Trade Development Among
Neighbors Better Than
European Web"

Before a crowded Senate yester-
day Senator James A. Reed deliv-
cred a scathing attack upon the
proposals for the formation of a
league of nations and an interna-
tionl court, which were contained
in President Wilson's fourteen
principles of peace.
Speaking for more than an hour
in his most forcefUl manner Sena-
tor Reed characterized the idea
that the United States should join
such a league as the most mon
strous doctrine that ever was pro-
posed in this great republic"
Would Require Huge Army.
He declared that maintenance of
the league would require a large
army powerful enough to conquer
any nation in the Iegaue, including
! the United States il it should be-
come a member.
Il say here today that any man
who would willingly advocate the
forming of any army strong enough
and powerful enough to conquer
the United States OF America is a
greater traitor to his country than
was Benedict Arnold" said Senator
Reed.
Senator Reed showed to the SEN
ate a chart which he had made 10
point out how the ruling houses
OF Europe were all connected by
ties of blood relationship or mar
riaSe. He said that this circum-
stance alone should act as a warn
ing to the United States against
entering a league of nations, in as
much as the ruling houses could be
depended upon to stand together
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
MAY SAVE MOONEY
FROM DEATH PENALTY
Judge Asks Retrial for Man Con
yicted Before Him.

San Francisco, Nov. H.-Declaring
that right and justice demand a new
trial for Thomas ]. Mooney, under
sentence of death for participation
in the preparedness day bomb ex-
plosion, Judge Franklin A. Griffin,
before whom the case was tried, has
written to Governor William ID.
Stephens asking him to grant the con-
demned man a new trial
Judge Griffin's letter bears date OF
November 10 and it arrived at the
executive offices at the State capital
today and was made public at a time
when labor organizations are agitat-
ing a nationwide strike to emphasize
their demands for a new trial for
Mooney.
Moneys reprieve granted by Gov
ernor Stephens will expire on Decem-
ber 13.
Judge Griffin's letter to the COVER
nor goes into detail in the case and
sets forth ele reasons of the jurist
for believing that Mooney is entitled
to a rehearing.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
U.S.L0ST 145
SHIPS IN WAR
Major Destruction Is Result
of U-Boat
Raids.

From the beginning of the European
war to the day of the signing of the
armistice the American merchant ma
rine lost from acts of the central
powers 145 vessels, of 354, ,ti9 gross
tons. involving the loss OF 40 lives.
Including lives lost by the sinking of
army and navy vessels the total
passes the thousand mark.
The major destruction was caused
by the U-boats. In the four and a
quarter years of the war fifty-one
vessels of American registry were tor
pedoed and eighty-seVcn sunk by
gunfire. Only seven were lost by
running afoul of mines. Only nine
teen vessels were sunk previous to the
entrance of the United States into
the war, the losses from April 6, 1917,
to November II last being 126. Pre-
vious to the entry of the United
States into the war f1fty-seven lives
were lost through sinkings, 1S men
perishing in the more recent losses.
The tactics of the Germans in using
the costly torpedoes only upon the
larger vessels is illustrated by the
fact that the torpedoed vessels aver
aged about 4,50o gross tons, while
those sunk by gunfire averaged about
200 tons.
A large proportion of the ships sunk
by gunfire were sailing vessels which
could offer no resistance and which
were abandoned by their crews when
the U-boats appeared. OF the 775
lives lost by the merchant seamen
only one life was lost in the destruc-
ton of the sixty sailing vessels.
The killing of 7O3 of the victims is
chargeable to submarine torpedoes.
OF the Others whp died thirty-eight
were killed by gunflre and thirty
four were lost when their vessels
These figures, compiled by the De-
partment of Commerce, are subject
to some slight changes.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
FREE N. ]. OF GAS PLANTS.
Explosives Factories and Other
Sources of Danger to Go.

Perth Amboy. N. j., Nov. H.-New
Jersey viii soon be rid of all ex-
plosives and poison gases. and those
dangerous elements will be removed
10 New Mexico, it was declared to-
day by United States Senator Fre-
unghuysen during today's session of
the Senate committees investigation
into the explosion disaster at the
Il. A. Gillespie Company plant at
Morgan station on October 4.
Senator Frelinghuysen said he had
conferred with Secretary of War Ba-
ker' Assistant Secretary Crowell and
others. and all had agreed that re-
movai was the only safe measure
and that IL shonId c,rnr,anoa
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
Bill Signed by Wilson IN
Force Till Armies Are
Demobilized.
NEED 2-YEAR PERIODf
Permanence of Law Then
Assured Manufacture
and Sale Stopped.

President Wilson, at o,ciaclr
yesterday afternoon. signed tbe
Done-ory prohibition measure, and
thus made IL a law.
Ills action means that the sal.
ahd manufacture Of all intoxicants
shall De prohibited after July L
1918, and continue in force until
the last Of the American troops have
been demobilized. The bill 10 which
the President affixed his ssignsturs
Is officially known as the food
stimulation bill" but the bone-drv
rider IL carried was its chief stfu.u-
liant, as far as publicity Is cen
cerned- Prohibition leaders saw
the law insures permanent prohibit
ton for the nation because the
process Of rehabilitation may take
two years
Manufacture Ceases May
The bone-dry rider. known as IN.
Sheppard amendment. provides that
the manufacture Of beer and u-ins
shall cease May / Of next year ana
that the sale Of all kinds OF intoxi-
cants shall stop after June 80. I'm
portation of wine from other coun-
tries Is to be prohibited after May
1. The bill originally contained a
provision which would have forbid
den the importation Of wines i'm
mediately upon the approval Of the
act
The countries OF Europe interest
ed in the manufacture Of wines pro-
tested, however, through their en-
bassies and legations here, and this
resulted in d modification which per
mits them 10 ship their wines into
this country until MAY ].
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
ARMIES PUSHING ONWARD.
Allied Troops Drawing Closer tc
Germany, Haig Reports.

London, Nov. 21.-"The British
Second and Fourth armies resumed
their march toward the German
frontier today" says a statement is
sued by Field Marshal Haig tonight.
Our right is marching towards
the Meuse south of Namur. The
left has reached the line Gembroux-
Wayre"
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
$40 FOR GAS
PRICE SOUGHT
Local Company Declares
Increase Necessary to
Meet Expenses.

Declaring that a net income loss of
ss5,SS4.77 was. sustained during the last
six months, the Washington Gas
Light Company yesterday again pc
titioned the Public Utilities Commits
sion for permission to increase It's
rates to sl.1O per thousand cubic feet
of gas. The increase. if granted. this
time includes the patrons of the
Georgetown Gas Light Company.
In the petition it is stated that dur
ing the period from January l to
September 80 the net corporate income
of the Georgetown Company was
s9,509 less than that necessary to say
operating expenses and maintenance
and the interest on the bonds of the
company.
Wars End Brings Loss.
The company by the coming. of peace
will lose an annual income of SO, ,OJO
which it has been receiving from the
government for the manuff cture OF
toluoL This loss, together with the
greatly Increased cost of materials,
for. the manufacture of gas and the
cost of labor, are given as the, prin-
cipal causes of the petition. 1t is
claimed in the petition that unless re-
lief is granted by the commission the
companies viii be unable to operate
their plants properly or to maintain
their credit.
The rates now in effect are those
ordered by the commission after hear
ings which were held in March of last
year. On March Ii the commissioners
ordered that in place of the then ex-
isting rate of IS cents the company
could charge not more than 20 cents
per 1000 cubic feet.
Made More mt rs Cents.
In speaking of this increase and
its results, the petition says:
-, The actual result of the opera
tions Of the Washington Gas Light
Company for the first nine months
anticipated results from the 90 cent
rate are not only far short of being
realized, but. on the contrary. the
revenue derived in 1918, after pay
ing the operating expenses. is much
less than the revenue derived in 1917
on the rs cent rate aud greatly in
adequate for the proper operation of
it's plants, the maintenance of its
credit and a return of even per
cent on the fair value of it's prop
erty as fixed by the commission"
According to the petition, the
amount of supplies and material on
hand is greatly increased over the
amount estimated by the commits
sion in its valuation of the COM
pany's property, when $375,000 was
set as the proper figure. Because
of the increase in the size of the
company's operations. this amount
has been increased until at present
there are on hand about $63S,41411
worth of supplies.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
PRESIDES in SENATE
WHEN FIRST SWORN In
Spencer, Missouri Republican. Civ.
en- Unusual Honor on Initiation.

Senator Selden p. Spencer, the
newly-elected Republican member
from Missouri, took his seat in the
Senate yesterday morning. He was
assigned to a desk adjoining that of
Senator Johnson, of California, on
the extreme end of the third row.
Within an hour after being sworn in
Senator Spencer was accorded the ex-
ceptional honor of being called to
preside over the Senate by invitation
of Vice President Marshall.
Senator Moses, the new member
from New Hampshire. was assigned
yesterday to the Committees on
Library and Printing.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
Kermit Roosevelt DELIGHTED.

Paris.-Kermit Roosevelt, just
back from Mesopotamia, exclaimed
he was "dee-lighted" after reading
his dads letter saying the colonel
win arrive in France within the
fortnight Teddy" and President
Wilson will be in France at the
same time
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
$1,OOO,OOO,OOO
OF WARCOSTS
ALREADY CUT
Baker Tells Congress of
Rapid Cancellation Of
Contracts.
SOLDIERS HOME SOON
Troops on This Side Being
Released at Rate of
100000 a Month.

Secretary Baker sent to Congress
yesterday a statement setting forth
that measures of retrenchment al
ready adopted by the War Depart
ment have resulted in a saving of
more than s., 900 100000 which was ap-
propriated for war expenditures.
Contracts have been cancelled in
sweeping fashion beginning on No
vember IL, the day the armistice was
signed. In many cases telegraphic
orders have been sent out TO con-
tractors stopping the work without
delay. Troops are also being demob-
ilized at the rate of 10000 each
month.
The report by Secretary Baker was
made in letter to Senator Martin,
chairman of the Appropriations Com
mittee. which was read in the Senate
at Senator Martins request The let
ter follows:
My Dear Senator Martin:
I am writing this letter because I
think as chairman of the committee
on appropriations II is important
that you should know of the steps
so far taken by the War Department
to cut, down the. expenditures of this
department in view of the signing
of the armistice, which brought about
a cessation of hostilities.
The armistice was signed on the
llth of November. Up to and includ-
ing today November 19 the War De-
partment has Cancelled contracts in
process of execution, effecting a total
saving of $40S, ,9oO.S1s.
"On contracts which have been let
but upon which no work had as yet
been done. cancellations aggregate a
saving of S7Oo,O0O,0OO.
Dropping Overtime Work.
AN order was made on November
II cutting out all overtime and Sun
day work. The amount saved by this
order aggregates about s.. 800, coo a day.
The foregoing amounts are ex-
elusive of cancellations in aircraft
production or in engineers.
I'm the Bureau of Aircraft Produc-
5tien orders have been telegrsphed out
/. Stopping all productions on a large
number OF items, including planes of
various types. engines. parts and
special Instruments, which aggregate,
in the estimated saving. s225, 900, 900.
In addition to the foregoing.
plans have been made to begin the
rehabilitation of the forces hnder
arms in this country and to begin
returning at once to the United
States such portions of the armed
forces abroad as are not needed for
the purpose of occupying enemy
territory. How rapidly it will be
possible for US at present to return
soldiers from overseas cannot be
CONTINUED ON PAGE THREE.
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
Hostages Return to French Senate

Paris, Nov H-A Stirring Incident
occurred at today's sitting of the
senate. the welcoming of the return
of two members, Ermant, mayor of
Laon. and Dron, mayor of Turcoing.
who were made prisoners by the Ger
mans and carried of as hosta
while the invaders occupied their
citiaa-
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
POWDER PLANT TO CLOSE.
Fifteen thousand Will Be Gu, Of
Work at HopewelI.

Petersburg, Va, Nov. 1-The Du
Pont Powder Plant at Hopewell Is 10
be shut down and all production cut
of. 1t was officially announced here
tonight
Fifteen thousand men win be thrown
out az oknnloxuAnI
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
Germany Rendered Helpless.

London, Nov. Alt is now believed
HelgoIand, the German Gibraltar in
the North Sea, will not be occupied
by the allies. Germany being already
rendered helpless in naval respects by
thA surrandar of her main AaAk
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
Ex-Kaiser Has Fla

London. Nov. 21.-wuliam Hohen-
rollern. former Kaiser OF Germany.
has been taken suddenly seriously
i'll. according TO an Amsterdam dix-
patch TO the London Express
He is said 10 be suffering from
The Washington herald., 1918-11-22
JEW MURDERS
RIFEIN POLAND
New York Zionists Receive
Appeal for Action to
Stop Pogroms.

New York, Nov. 21.-Further mas
sacres Of Jews in Poland and GAL
icia were reported today in a cable
message received by the Zionist or
ganization of America. The admin
istrativc offices of the Zionist or
ganization issued the following
statement tonight:
The Zionist organization of
America has received another ca
blegram describing continuous
range of pogrOms throughout Po-
land and GaliCia. Under pretext of
a combat against Bolshevism. the
Polish legiOnnaires have been shoot
ing Jews down in the streets of
Warsaw. The number of dead is
yet unknown.
THE pogrom wave is sweeping
all over Poland. In Siedlez. the
students and intellectuals are par
taking in the pogroms. At CHR
zanov. on the night of the 7th. all
the Jewish shops were looted and
the whole Jewish population had to
fee the city. The cable gives a list
of twenty Galician towns in which
pogroms have occurred.
Menaced by Retreatfng Troops.
another cablegram has been re-
ceived from representatives of the
merchants and industrial workers of
Minsk, and the second mayor Of
Minsk, Gregory Kaplan, the vice pres
ident of the Jewish community of
wilma and of the central relief COM
mittee of wilma. asking the zion
lists to endeavor to secure action by
America.
The second cable message referred
to reads:
THE approaching retreat of troops
from the occupied territory of White
Russia threatens us with dangers.
Before the whole Jewish population
falls victim to anarchy and pogroms
we appeal to you to exert your in
f1uence to protect the country from
this threatening danger through in
ternational intervention, if necessary
by the sending of military force. IL
that is possible, before the retreat
of the armies and until the whole
problem will be solved by the peace
conference in such a manner as will
protect the lives and property of the
population"