, 1918-05-23

tSNs&z $NNiE&EA
speedily followed by a number of others, and win
ming the appreciation of Major WEIGH of his regi-
ment, who was n witness of the heroic act. de
was in the front rank of the charge back upon the
enemy, and in the almost hand-to-hand conflict
that followed fell severely wounded through the
left hip by a minnie ball.
ION the morning of December 10, 1862, while Inc
Fifth corps was drawn up in line of battle on Star
ford heights waiting for orders to cross the Kappa
hanock river and enter Fredericksburg, CORONER
Stockton, commanding the Third brigade, FIRST
division, called upon the Sixteenth Michigan for a
volunteer to carry the new brigade flag that hau
just reached the command. Sidman. but now par
TALLY recovered from his wound, sprang from the
ranks and begged for this duty. His patriotism anu
fidelity to duty. well known to Major WEIGH now
commanding the regiment, won for him the covet-
ed prize, much to the chagrln of several other COM
rades who valiantly offered their services. Lead
ing his brigade on It's famous charge up Maryes
heights, in that terrible slaughter under BURNSIDE
he was again wounded, but not so severely as to
prevent him from planting the colors within 100
yards of the enemy's line, where they remained
for 80 hours. Three days later he proudly bore his
flag back across the Rappahanock, marked by a
broken shaft and several holes, caused by the enc
my's missiles during the charge.
ut was in this battle, Sunday. December H.
1862, while the brigade lay all day hugging the
ground behind the slight elevation a few yards
In front of the enemy, momentarily expecting an
attack, that Sidman, with n eomrade OF Ms OWL
company, displayed humanity as well as remark
able yalor by running the gauntlet through n rail-
road cut for %canteens of water for the SICK ana
wounded comrades who could not be removed from
the lines; this at a time, too, when the ehemys
sharpshooters were so stationed as to command
the ground q considerable distance In the rear or
the brigade lines. 1t was this distinguished service
of humanity at Fredericksburg, in the face OF n
vigilant enemy and with almost certain death star
ing him in the face, that prompted his officers IN
~ IL, o.. Oh modal Of honor The
war department, with a full record knowledge OF
his service from Gaines Mills to Fredericksburg,
and for reasons best known to ltself, decided that
the medal was earned at the hrst-named Dattle,
with continuing merit to the end OF MS military
service.
"Perbaps the most dangerous duty that n soldier
can he engaged in Is that of scout. In n book pub
lished after the war, and called Hampton ana his
Cavalry the following definition of II scout Is
given: The scouts of the army did not constitute
n distinct organization, but suitable men volunteer
ing for this duty were detailed from the different
commands. The position required not only cool
ness. courage, zeal and intelligence, but special fac
ulties born in some few men.
.The line of demarcation between n scout and a
spy was at times very in+defned. for, as the scouts
were usually dressed in enemy's uniforms which
they had captured, they were by strict military law
subject to the penalty of spies If taken WITHIN the
enemy's lines, and they were not without pleasant
experiences of that sort.
'UnuOuDlGulN Oht VI 1hV ahOSh
this class was Archibald Hamilton Rowand, Jr-
who received the medal because of the Endorsement
of General Sheridan, who knew and appreciated
his great services to the cause. 4
"Rowand was born March @, 1916. In Philadel-
min. Pa. and enlisted June II, 1852, in Company
X. First West Virginia cavalry, and served until
August II, 1865. His services were not only re-
marketable. but most valuable to the cause. He was
one of the most daring and most trusted of Sheri-
dams scouts.
"Once, while scouting for Averill, he was cap
tured, but told such u plausible story to the Con-
federate officers about being a Confederate scout
with verbal orders from one distant general to an
other that he was allowed to depart. The first time
he was detailed on scout duty his two companions
were shot and killed. On his next trip his COM
rade and his own horse were killed when they were
10 miles inside of the Confederate lines, but Row.
and managed to dodge the enemy's bullets and get
back alive, vowing at every jump never to go on
scout duty again. He soon recovered from his
fright, however, and started out on another trip.
While with Sheridan he was asked to locate the
notorious partisan leader, Maj. Harry Gilmore, and.
IL possible, effect his capture.
"After several days hard work he found Gilmore
stopping in II large country mansion near MOOT
field, w. Va. This he reported to Sheridan VINO
sent with him about fifteen scouts under Colonel
Young. They dressed In Confederate uniforms
and. followed by 300 Federal cavalry Mt a distance
of several miles, to be of assistance In case the
true character of the scouts was discovered they
arrived near Gilmore's command about daybreaK'
and Rowand went forward alone anu slhgle-hahu-
ed. captured the vldette without u shot being hreu.
The scouts then entered the family mansion and
took Gilmore out of bed and back to Sheridan's
headquarters"