davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

are investing tidy sums in war loan
certificates. The youngest of the work
ers is fourteen; there is no maximum
limit. Many grandmother and even
a few -grandmothers have desert
ed their homes for places in the facto-
rles. It is a libel on labor to accuse it of
beng prompted simply by the desire
to earn money. Labor is just as pa
trlotlc rs the capitalists; it is just as
ANXIOUS to win the war; it grows rest
less sometimes and utters dire threats.
but SO do the capitalists, only the
latter are a little more diplomatic. a
little more skilful at turning a phrase.
1t is only necessary to visit one of
the great plants such as the Austin
Motor Company, Limited, or any one of
a hundred others in the Midlands, and
see the number of women substitutes
for their brothers and fathers to real
ize the extent of labor's heart-interest
in the war. The working men and
women have better credit, but too many
OF them have lost something more than
riches. That is why labor is sound at
the core and the great force of Britain.
AT private dinner | heard Mr..
Chance, of Chance & Hunt, Limited
and several other leading Birminehan
manufacturers discuss with great seri-
BUSINESS some of the country's labor
problems, which, if not ALREADY ar
rived, will soon hold an Importance
second only to that of the war itself.
Make no mistake, England's business
men arc thoroughly awake to the
changes which are rapidly taking place
IN the industrial and political life of
this and other European countries.
There was time when these leaders
thought they could battle successfullv
Tor the defence of the privileges thew
nave enjoyed for generations, but he is
a strong conservative who holds these
views we, today; These men realize that
must be their concessions to labor
A an no higher compliment can be paid
British capitalists than to saw that.
however heavy the financial sacrifices
7 1,y are still prepared to make them.
unat Is IS. the real test of patriotism and
meeting it. "ie
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21
By Arthur S. Draper

II BIRMINGHAM is the centre of
- England. 1t is the greatest
munitions making area in the
British Isles. Its slogan is"Busier
Than Usual"
London is the political centre Of the
British Empire; Birmingham is its in
dustrial centre. London is no more
representative of the war spirit of the
Midlands of Great Britain than New
York is reflective of the feelings of
the Middle Western states. After the
dull, depressing atmosphere Of Lon
don, where they make laws, manufact-
ure rumors and hatch political crises,
Birmingham is a refreshing change.
There they talk shells, fuses, tanks
and aeroplanes and war bonuses and
profit sharing and production.
Birmingham is an inspiration, re-
sort for nerves shaken and jaded by
war. 1t is driving on to victory. 1t
leaves politics to politicians, makes
munitions twenty-four hours day and
radiates confidence and determination.
And what is true of Birmingham ap-
plies also to Coventry, its near neigh
tor, where Lady Godiva tried to camou-
aage herself, from the eyes of Old
Peeping Tom.
have just spent week in Bir-
minghams and Coventry; l have seen
miles and miles Of lathes, milling ma
chimes and blast furnaces; l have seen
thousands of girls employed on Jobs
which were closed to them three years
ago; have seen aeroplanes and air
engines turned out almost as rapidly
as MIR. Ford produces autos or chew
ing gum drops out of a machine; ]
have talked with big and little manu-
facturers, with machinists grown eray
at lathcs and with girls who now
handle micrometer or capstan
lathe as skilfully as they did broom
or frying pan a few months back.
A week at Birmingham is calculated
to make one a Birmingham boostcr.\
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

"While wandering through this de-
lightful dream the telephone rang fu-
riously, and heard something like this
in frenzied voice: Get Captain and
Boxer out and harrow that piece Of
ground by the line; send the drag in
for six hundredweight Of beans, and
plant, plant, madam, for all you are
worth; you'll find plenty of setting pins
and bags. Then as I sat hold
ing the receiver listlessly, seeing my
dream Of London floating away on a
magic carpet, he asked me abruptly
was I there, had heard? 1 suppose
my yes was rather feeble, for he asked
me kindly was I quite we'll. I told him
madly I was, jolly we'll, too we'll, and no
doubt left him mystifed at the other
end.
eve must carry on; and as all our
produce is for that most splendid gen
tleman Thomas Atkins, Esq, days off at
sowing time are na-poo!"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21
Show Finest
Quality of Crit

But l very much doubt, after having
visited nearly every kind of war-worker
in the United Kingdom, whether there
are any women to compare with these
Jolly Land Lasses for courage and alb
solute herosm. l doubt whether any
work could make greater demands on
a woman's body. 1 doubt whether a
finer quality of grit is displayed by
any patriotic worker in these islands,
be that worker man or woman, than is
displayed by these splendid and happy
girls, who are worse paid than any
other worker, who get little or no
praise from the public, and who never
grumble, and who certainly never
strike.
an say this for the work." strap
ping young woman told me the other
day in the Vale of Evcsham, at pre-
vents you from thinking. I don't care
what your troubles may be-you can't
think about them when you're working
in the fields. You just 60 on and on
with every muscle in your body aching
and then you go back to your diggings
get your supper and go to bed. It's
not long before you're asleep, I can
tell YOU"
| asked some of these girls who work
in the Vale of Evesham which sort OF
weather they like best--hot sunshine
or cold and rain. They told me in
stantly that they much prefer cold and
rain. The thipg that knocks them
over, the thing that tries their courage
to the last ounce, is a blazing sun beat
ing down on their backs as they stoor
over plants In an open field.
One of these girls wrote to me the
other day asking whether / could not
DO something 10 buck up" the life OF
the English village. Her complaint IL
that there is no vital sense Of joy and
happiness in village life, that the pco-
pie are all asleep, that nothing hap
pens, and thst every effort on her part
to wake things up is met with frown
like an iceberg. Her letter is 80 anus
ing and 80 characteristic OF the Land
2 Lasses' spirit that will quote few
passages. She begins by saying how
her dream of coming up to see me in
London was dispersed by thu demands
Of the spring:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

There were actresses, girls from con-
vents, maternity nurses, teachers, min
isters' daughters, girls liable to fits
and fads, girls of all sorts, sizes and
temperaments. / drive them to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

She is what is called group leader,
and she proceeds to tell me about her
gang:
"Oh, what an assortment! I had ten
living with me in one house last year.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

the various farms Gone farmer runs
three, and we go equipped with seed,
marker, rakes, hoes or any old thing
that is needed.
ooh, those spins through the lanes, all
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

laughing, the girls bundled on the back!
If only could make the old lorry tan
go or the horse turkey trot, believe me,
would. Why don't the villagers smile,
grin, or even throw something at us i?
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

OMETHING like 100000 women
- have rolled up their sleeves (most
of them have discarded their
skirts) and are now working like tro-
jams in breeches and CATERS to save
this little island from starvation. But
for these Land Lasses, as we call them,
England would not be able to boast
that of all the belligerent countries
she alone has increased her agricultu-
raj output during the war.
A "Limerick" in the magazine de-
voted to the interest of the Land
Lasses gives one some idea of their
SPIRIT
Three girls said goodby to their matters
And, arrayed in smart smocks and long
CATERS,
Exclaimed, There's no fun
Like defeating the Hun
By the drilling of turnips and taters.
ms is TO say, Luey nave SoAO INV
the fields of England, these brave Land
Lasses. lust as the Old Contemptibles
went out to France in August, 1914;
they have gone to field labor with that
spirit of gayety, that larking and jest
ing spirit, that singing and laughing
spirit, which is so characteristic of
their race, and which acts like camou-
Aage in hiding patriotism, devotion,
heroism, which would blush scarlet
to express itself in serious language.
:" To see these girls at what they call
their "grub," or to see them lying
about in the straw on a Saturday even
ing in summertime, you might fancy
yourself among the chorus ladies OF a
comic opera, for they are full of
frolic on such occasions; they are also
for the most part extravagantly pretty,
and moreover they wear thin breech-
.es and CATERS, thin smocks, and widea-
wakes, with a certain stylish reckless
ness highly suggestive of the theatre.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

British railways has been built in it's
shops, where some $4,000 men were en-
Ployed before the war reduced it's force
To-day it is building tanks. A testing
ground, adjoining it's works, gives these
monsters an opportunity for high and
lofty tumbling which no battlefield
along the British front ir Flanders and
france would offer. They crawl through
sea OF mud, mount precipitous cliff
ters like trained elephant perform
ing III circus. Their mechanism has
been perfected SO that now they are
much more mobile. Twenty eight tons
which is their weight, will flatten
barbed wire cntanglements, level
trenches and parapets, however strong
and nigh the enemy may construct
tnem. With their armament of rapid
llre guns they can sit astrde trench
ton. "'ieN
The British have not yet produced a
winged tank, but they are turning ont
some battleplanes which make ordinary
planes look like mosquitoes. These
giants of the air ask no odds If
Gothas; they are the finest type of air
craft production in Britain or any
other country. Some appreciation of
thelr size may be gained when | state
that a mechanic can walk along on
their wings like an officer on the bridye
Of cruiser, and with almost eonaI
safety, so steady are they even in =
wind which three years AFRO wou)d
nave been considered too dangerous for
flying.
Labor Problem
Hangs in Allegiance
Birmingham will soon be export;n,
to German cities far beyond the Rhine
homemade bombs carried by home
made aeroplanes. For obvious reasons
the dimensions, speed and WEIGHT ' .cars
rying capacity of the machines cannot
be given, but these birds being hatched
IN birmingham will &C a long wav
toward bringing the peace every one
wants VIC
There have. been strikes in Birmine.
ham and Coventry and there will nroh-
ably be others before the war is over
but there is undoubtedly less industrial
unrest in this section of England than
IN any other part of the United King
dom. Why? There are several rea-
sons. IN the first place the EMPLOYERS
have not concentrated on war nrof;t g
without regard to the earnings Of the
workers; the manufacturers have been
quicker to appreciate the extent Of
the growth of the industrial revolution
ana to take measures to cone with Il
"A spirit OF compromise has filled tho
| negotlatlons between capital and labor
S!lmatlc conditions have lot to do
with the morale of workers, who are
LIVING under the strain incident to war.
fortunately for the state, Birmingham
Is blessed with an exceptionally fine
Most of the employes-men and
women--arc doing piece work, and thew
arc earning fabulous wages compared
with their. pre-war incomes. DESPITE
ne great increase i'll living expenses,
thousands or these munitions workers
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

some Jobs female labor has not yet
filled, but they are mighty few.
British women are revolutionizing
labor And British employers are
thoroughly alive to the great new
problem which has opened up. Plants
have and are still being erected with
special thought to the employment Of
female labor; machines are being con-
structed In way to reduce to mini
mum the physical effort necessary for
their operation; rest rooms, surgeries,
restaurants, welfare clubs, savings in
stltutions, have made their debut in
many of the large plants since British
women became manual laborers; the
munitions girls have raised the stand
ard of the shops to higher level and
the workmen have not Jagged behind. &
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21

less day, and I'm just going to mai.
pudding>ou of nothing. ANY ideas~
When l paid visit to this admir.h,.
lady I found condition of thine. -
her cottage which witnessed str;t;,.,-
to the topsy-turvydom of war, for tbsr.
indoors, watching the Sunday dinner =.
the stove, laying the table, cuttins a..
bread and attending to the fire wa. A..
lady's father. dear little old pe,,,.
man, retired from the civil service ~,
too asthmatical to undertak. .-
laborious work. This old eept,.u..
gets up early in the morning and NIB.
cup of tea for his daughter and l..
companion on the land. Wkils ~.
are working in the fields he eets b,...
fast ready and does the housevo,l
imagine the return of these two OIL.
IN breeches and CATERS and smoct :.
bright kitchen prepared for them bv
dear old gentleman in tail coat,
They told me many things which
made me realize the hardness If th.;.
life, but always the narrative wa. =,
companied by laughter.
These girls plough and dig Exc.,.
for the lifting of great weights tbe,.
Is nothing man does on farm which
they cannot do. The most tremendons
tnlng OF all they do, in my humb,.
opinion, is to keep on hoeinr for .
whole day under broiling sun.
In the fruit picking season thew a..
up at 3:45 in the morning and thew
work till in the evening. Their "a.
ward for fifteen hours hard vort
back-breaking work, is four shilling,
They don't complain.
1t takes the highest courage to st;ct
at this kind of work. Most of the
Land Lasses crave for mixed farm
where there is stock to take care ~
ana their success in this particular has
been very marked. Young animals do
Tar better under the gentle care Of
women than under the roughridine at.
tentlon of men. Many of the Land
Lasses will stick to this kind of vorl
after the war.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21
Women's Wages
Are Quadrupled

To-day many British women are
earning wages which arc much higher
than those paid skilled workmen in
prewar days. They have shown amaz.
ing adaptability and quickness in mas
tering some of the most difficult jobs
Already it has been proven that the
girl of fourteen years and the boy of
the same age are two totally different
types. The boy is a restless creature
who cannot stand the monotony of
constant work at a lathe, while the
girl, who is perfectly satisfied to knit
or crochet for hours on end, is thor
oughly happy to run lathe or feed a
stamping machine. At time when
Standardization is absolutely essential
for the production of the necessary
quantity of munitions the patience
and steadincss of the girls and women
arc extremely valuable assets to the
manufacturer and to the state.
Birmingham and Coventry have near
~ doubled in population in the las,
two years. These CITIES are crowded
with workers who have been drawn
from all parts of the United Kingdom
The housing, feeding and entertain.
ment of this "alien" population has
been tremendous problem, which has
not yet been entirely or satisfactory,
solved.
Practically every instrument of war.
fare on land and sea is manufactured
In the Birmingham district. Primers
fuses, cartridge cases and clips. aero
planes and tanks, 4.5-inch high explo
slvc shells, Hotchkiss and Lewis rapid
fire guns are just few Of the multi
tudc OF war products included in Biz.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-21
They Long for That
+ eninine Feeling

The editor of their magazine the
Landswoman," published under the
auspices of the Board of Agriculture
tells me that she receives the most
pathetic letters from lonely girls work.
ing on distant farms, where they never
encounter any one of equal education.
Some of these girls send money orders
and ask the editor to buy them silk
unoergarments with pink ribbons. be.
cause when they get out of breaches
and CATERS they want to have the feel
ing that they are still feminine. Others
SEND tor poems of considerable merit.
Others ask for books. Others bour out
their hearts to her, saying how lonely
they are, how they crave for sympathy,
and how they long for something to
happen. But she tells NE she has
never received one single letter land
she mas received many hundreds which
grumbles at the work or which ex-
presses the writer's desire to get out
OF the land army.
When you look at a photograph Of
these happy girls, or when you read
OF their jests and jokes, beg you to
consider that behind the outward show
OF high spirits and darkness there is
IN sober truth most noble and most
admirable heroism, full worthy of the
cause for which so many of these girls
brothers have as chcerfully laid down
their lives.
indeed, 1T seems 10 me that these
Land Lasses stand for the sacred cause
OF the Allies in a peculiarly significant
fashion. They are, to begin with, the
emanclpated women Of a true democ-
lacy not the household cha:tels which
che encounters all over Germany. Then
they are women who ennoble the idea
OF work, who have broken with all the
old snobberies, who would set their
tands to any mortal thing so long IS
they could help their country. Ana
VIGIL tnSy are brave WIN q uA~'~'s
which is newborn with this war OF ns'
tons. They represent that which alone
can give US victory endurance. 1t
a fight between the soul of autocrscy
and the soul of democracy. 1t is tue
one massed soul of the drilled Prus.
sian serfs against tie individual sou'
OF the least and humblest person ~
democratic. countries, These Engi'sh
girls. SO pretty and so gay, so spor''s.
and so gallant, realize their duty, anu
there is not one of them who woua
not far rather drop dead in the ia''
rows than live 20 be the vassal oil JUS
German Kaiser.
They are as truly helping the Ai''e1
democracies to conquer the trenienoo,'
menace of Prussian tyranny as any ~
der who faces the German horo.''
Autocracy is up against these s'.
The submarine NAV sink our 1000 SUIT
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1918-02-28
First Pub. Feb 21-3t)
Citation for Hearing on Final Account and
for Distribution.

ESTATE OF FRANK A. REINHOLD.
State of Minnesota, County of Mile Laos.
In Probate Court.
In the matter of the estate of Frank A.
Reinhold, decedent.
The State of Minnesota to all persons in
terested in the above entitled matter:
Whereas Hilda Charlotte Reinhold has filed
in this court her final account of her admin
istation of the estate of the above named de-
cedent. together with her petition praying for
the adjustment and allowance of said final
account and for distribution of the residue of
said estate to the persons thereunto entitled;
It is ordered. that said petition be heard, and
that all persons interested in said matter be
and appear before this court on the 18th day
of March, 1918, at 10 o'clock M. at the
probate court rooms in the court house. at
Princeton, in said county, and then and there
or as soon thereafter said matter can be
heard, show cause, if any they have, why said
petition should not be granted and that this
citation be served by the publication thereof
in the Princeton Union according to law
Witness the Honorable VIM. " Sanford
judge of said court, and the seal Of said court
this 18th day of February, 1918.
r WIN. v. SANFORD,
court SeaD judge.
E. l.. Mcmillan, ESD, ~ OIL.
Attorney for Petitioner, ..-
Princeton, MINI.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1918-02-28
First Pub. Feb. 1856
Citation for Hearing on Final Account and
for Distribution.
PAGE SEVEN

ESTATE OF BEN l.. ERICKSON. Il.
State of Minnesota. County of Mile Laos.
In Probate Court. ,. -.-.s.
In the matter of the estate of Ben L.
Erickson, decedent.
The State of Minnesota to all persons in
terested in the above entitled matter.
Whereas, Frank Oscar Erickson has filed in
this court his final account of his administra-
ton of the estate of the above named de-
cedent, together with his petition praying for
the adjustment and allowance of said final ac-
count and for the distribution of the residue
of said estate to the persons thereunto en-
titled. "
It is ordered. that said petition be heard,
and that all persons interested in said matter
be and appear before this court on the 18th
day of March, 1918, at 10 o'clock a. M, at the
probate court rooms in the court house. at
Princeton in said county, and then and there,
or as soon thereafter as said matter can be
heard, show cause, if any they have. why said
petition should not be granted and that this
citation be served by the publication thereof
in the Princeton Union according to law.
Witness the Honorable VIM. v. Sanford,
judge of said court, and the seal of said court,
this 18th day of February, 1918.
VIM. V. SANFORD,
(Court SeaD Judge.
E. L. Mcmillan, Esq,
Attorney for Petitioner,
Princeton, MINI. ... f.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1918-02-28
BOGUS BROOK & BORGHOLM

Mr.. and Mrs. Axel johnson were
callers at the C. p. Johnson home on
Sunday.
Miss Otilla Folwick was Sunday
visitor at the H. G.. Cunningham home.
Mrs. T. D. Rowland left on Tuesday
for an extended visit with friends and
relatives in Iowa.
Oscar Carlson has been laid up the
past few days with a sprained knee
sustained in sliding from haystack.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jas. Westling and
family spent Sunday evening at the
Peter Westling home in South Fork.
A number Of friends and neighbors
gathered at the o. Young home on Sat-
urday evening and spent a pleasant
time. ~. -..-
Clifford Love was called to st. Cloud
on Monday to be examined for the
draft, having been recently transferred
here from Washington.
H. J. Cunningham, J. F. Sherk and
Chas. Lundquist left on Tuesday for
a short business trip to the twin cities.
Mr.. and Mrs. T. D. Rowland and
family, Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Nelson
and Mr.. and Mrs. Ross Berg were en-
tertained at the N. o. Nelson home
on Sunday. .s s..
A party Of young folks autoed up
from Elk River on Saturday and were
weekend visitors at the Iverson home.
A number of young folks were en-
tertained at the Jorgenson home on
Saturday evening. All report a most
enjoyable time. ... So
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Skoglund spent
Sunday at the Claus johnson home in
Milaca. Mrs. johnson has been on the
sick list the past few days. ...
Dave Cunningham left for Mime
apolis on Friday, where he enlisted in
the army. He passed the examina-
ton successfully and was Immediately
assigned to camp, leaving on Saturday
morning. We all wish him success.
On Saturday evening dance was
given at the Iverson home in honor of
the young folks from Elk River.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1918-02-28
GREENHOUSE

A surprise party was held at the
Wilhelm home on Wednesday evening
in honor of John Beto's birthday ami
versary. The evening was spent in
playing games and Mrs. Wilhelm
served delicious lunch.
Arvel Gennow made business trip
to Minneapolis last Tuesday.
Misses Esther Lindstrom, Edna
Leander, Archie Gennow and Lloyd
Saxon, who are attending school at
Princeton, were home over Sunday.
Mrs. Peter Yak and daughter and
Miss Olga Reiman returned to St.
Cloud on Monday.
Miss Hattie Reiman arrived from
South Dakota last Friday to spend a
few days at home.
Hugo Betzler and Otto Reiman
passed Thursday evening at Aug. Bau-
mans.
Miss Minnie Reiman came up from
Minneapolis on Saturday night for a
visit at her parents home.
Misses Florence Stark and Hilda
Barhaug spent Wednesday at L. Cen
now's.
Callers at H. Heitman's on Sunday
were Mrs. Fred Most and Miss Martha
Most Of Crown, Mr.. and Mrs. VIM.
Heruth and daughter, Margaret, Mr..
and Mrs. G. Seifert and family, Mr..
and Mrs. A. Reiman and Miss Agnes
Betzler. y