The sun., 1918-11-05
AUSTRIA TO GIVE UP
FORMER CONQUESTS
Recapture Of the Trentino,
Trieste and Istria Has Been
italian Ambition. e., &c.,
REDEMPTION AT HAND
Hapsburg Rule Hated by In
habitants, Who Spoke Ian
guage Of Rome. "n
REDEMPTION AT HAND

The territory to be occupied by the
Allies under the terms Of tho arnistice
with Austria represents the o&actions
made in tho past upon neighboring
States By the Hapsburgs In building up
the monarchy of diverse and heteroge-
nous races over which they have ruled
The Trentino Trieste and Istria are
distinctly Italian and their incorpora-
tion within the present Kingdom Of
Italy has been the Italian irredentist
dream. Dalmatia- peopled by both Ital-
OF wonderful commercial possibilities,
which for political reasons the Austrian
Government has left poor and undevel-
oped.
The Danube region. with preponder-
ance OF Rumanians and Serbs. was gath
cred in by Austria and Germany with
the purpose of controlling not only the
shipping of the Danube itself but Of the
Black Sea and the Turkish Straight.
The restoration of all this territory to
the original States from which II was
taken were all clearly and definitely
declared purposes OF the war.
Heart of Unredeemed Italy.
THE Trent!no. o. which the boun-
daries are described in the third clause
OF the terms as beginning with the Stel-
VIC pass and continuing to the Carnac
Alps, is the italian speaking portion of
the Austrian province OF Tyrol. Its seat
OF government and most important town
Is Trent, with a population of about
| 90. 1000
Despite the fact that II has not been
a part OF Italy since 1927. and that for
900 wars It has been under Germanic
political domination, 1t has been the very
heart of unredeemed Italy.
II has the atmosphere OF an italian
town; as Italian, In fact, as Rome it.
| self Loss German was spoken there
than In the several centres OF Italy
the hlbits, the customs and the indus
tries of the people were Italian; the
| Austrian holidays were ignored to the
| limit OF Saring. and the Italian holidays
! were religiously observed.
As was Trent go was the Trentino
Tho Austrian statesmen struggled to
mold this stubborn spirit of the prov
| ince. They always failed. The Tren-
| tino had more troops In the Italian than
| In the Austrian army.
The bounda ries of Trieste and Istria
| are marked in the same clause as he
ginning with Mount Jarvis. continuing
! along the watershed of the Julian Alps
to the Schneeberg and thence to Mattug
| LA and Volosca.
| Trieste Paid Tribute.
| The Austrian rule over Trieste die
not actually begin until June 8. 1915
, when It was annexed to the Austrian
| Nnvn no, h,. Yigvht %
city was called part OF the Austria,
Empire--it had to pay small annua
tribute t. the Emperor-but It was /,
| reality a free italian commune.
| The city OF Trieste. the most importan
seaport of Austria. figured largely in IN
| Pan-Germanic scheme for the control o
| central Europe and for the advance o
the Germanic interests 10 the east. |
was to be the Hamburg OF southern
| Europe and with Pola, further to tn
south on the Istrian peninsula, was Il
! constitute the two great naval base
] that were to give the Teutons the mas
naval control of the Mediterranean
| waters.
This was menace with which AuStri;
and Germany threatened Italy and on
OF the means employed to hold her al
legiance to the former Triple Alliance
Both Trieste and Pola were. however
largely Italian In sentiment. Only fey
days after the entrance OF Italy in tn
war the Italian flag was unfurled on tn
cathedral OF Trieste, as "a ray OF hop
Of freedom from the hated Austria
rule
The Italian people in the province
waited anxiously for their deliveranc
through the advance of the army OF Ger
Cadorua into the lsonzo region. Bot
Trieste and Istria furnished soldiers 4
the italian army In the present war, a
they had 10 Garibaldi and King Enman
uel l. In the war for Italian indepen
dence.
DaImatian Coast.
Dalmatia. which represents the south
ernmost extension of the terrltoria
claims In the armistice is the mario,
strip of coast land west Of Bosnia an
Herzegovina and extending from Croatif
on the north, to Montenegro, on In
south. The whole coast is deeply IN
dented and skirted with islands. In tn
demands OF the Allies an exception
made In the favor OF Austria of four @
the islands.
| The deep, rockbound shore offered VI
usual opportunities for the developmer
OF fine harbors. Some OF the strongc;
strategic points were fortified, but n
effort was made to take advantage OF III
harbors for commercial purposes Seve
was there ever built in Dalmatia an
railways except narrow gauge constru,
lions connecting n few OF the towns
Vienna feared to strengthen the powe
of either the SlavS or Italians, and hs
politicians adopted the tactics Of playin
one race against the other, In q popl
lation estimated at 6i6, 900 the Serbc
Croats largely predominated and II
not improbable that at the final adjust
ment OF territorial rights in Daimati
the claims Of the Jugo-slavs will come /
for a full considerations
Gulf Of CattsPO.
Tho chief interests OF Italy in III
event will be In the Gulf OF Cattar,
This Ia ono OF the finest harbors OF III
cast Adriatc shore. 1t has been use
during the present war as IA refuge fC
the Austro- Hungarian fleets, and at Ca
taro and several other points the Aui
I A..