The sun., 1918-07-28


can destroyers have spread terror
among the 'wasps Of the sea-" while
great mine field completed in May BY
thd British navy converted virtually
the whole North Sea into an area
closed against u-boat activities.
Submarine Warfare Decline,
The harbors Of Zeebrugge aud Cs-
tend, from which German submarines
had been operated against Entente
shipping. were either sealed entirely
or made virtually valueless as subma-
rine bases by daring naval and air
raids by the British in May.
German submarines visited Ameri-
can waters in June and sank at least
ten ships, the field OF operations be-
ing from the north New Jersey coast
south to the Virginia Capes and cast
| erly half way to the Bermudas
The only United States transport
lost while carrying troops to Europe
was the Tuscana, which was tor
pedoed off the north coast Of ireland
on February with loss Of 2l2 men.
| During the year eleven hospital
ships have been sunk by submarines,
|
this violation OF the Geneva Convex.
ton being the destruction of the Brit
ish steamer Llandovery Castle. car
rying Canadian nurses and doctors.
! This took place on June 81. only
twenty-four of the 25S persons on
board being rescued.
The total shipping reported sunk
since Angus. /. 1917, is more than
4,250,000 tons. Against this destruc-
ton OF shipping the Allies have conf
bincd their shipbuildng capacity. Tic
actual number Of tons of shipping
launched and put into service has not
been published. Official announce
ments have been made recently. how
ever to the effect that more ships are
being built than are being sunk. On
July 4 ninety vessels were launched
at American shipyards.
The years fighting has enta!led
great losses for most of the be,lig-
erents. During the drive into Italy
last October. and November the Teu-
tonic armies claimed the capture II
more than 100000 Italians. In tie
German offensives in France his
year about 10000 French, British,
American and Portuguese We're re-
ported to have been taken prisoners
Added to these losses are the cas-
ualties in killed and wounded No
definite figures have been issued by
Germany and Austria, but it has been
reported on what appears to be good
authority that in the fighting from
March 81 till June IA the Germans
lost more tthan 100000 men, TIE
sdcrably smaller.
The United States has floatci three
great Liberty loans. The proceeds
of these loans have aggregated So
7sS,5+l 900. The total war cost o. the
United States. according to latest
available figures. is sl3,SOO, 900, 900.
Since the nation entered the war It
has extended credits to the Allies ag-
gregating s6.091,590, 900.
The total cost of the war to Eng
land up to December Is, 1917. WIS
placed at f6,242 100000. while French
votes of credit are somewhat smaller.
At latest reports the total Of the Ger
man war loans Appropriated s3l,"oo,-
900, 900.
Internal Disorders Comnfbr.
There have been numerous rCIprs
of disorders in countries engaged n
the war. Riots and bioOdshcd haze
been reported from Germany and
Austria many times during the Swing
and summer and there is little DOUBT
= that the Slavic races OF Austria are
seething with discomfort.
Ireland came to the centre Of tho
=. | ct ri In har
man plot was detected but averted
ers of the Sim Fem.
Recently disaffection vas reported
against the British in South Africa.
: but it has apparently been stamped
out.
/ During the year one ruler Of hell
| ligerent country died. The death @,
the Sultan of Turkey was announced
in June, subsequent reports int!mlt!ns
) he had been murdered,
Since the collapse Of Russia 10
allied nations have sought t. find a
way to assist the people who are he.
ing exploited by the Germans. French.
British and American forces ave
been landed on the Thurman or lo'a
. Peninsula on the north coast They
q have not actively interviewed, however,
\ being there only to protect allied prop
e erty which had been landed at tho
\ port Of kola before Russia withdrew
g from the Entente Alliance.
In Siberia there is a wei defined
aRti- Bolshevik movement wh!DN ~
. been built up around Czoyho-Sl ytN
/ prisoners OF war, who armed thcw-
selves and inflicted defeats on 'ha
n Bolsheviki. A new Government has
K been set up there under Gen, IIorva'h,
c president of the Chinese Eastern
Railroad, japanese, British ard
= American marines have been IN 80
n city of Nladivostok for months.
How NeutraIs suffered.
Countries which are not engaged n
9 the war have suffered during tie
? twelve months. Switzerland aud H.
= land. adjacent to Germany. har" '''9
:. threatened by the Central Powers IN
v matters relative to economic CoroeS'
sions. Holland especially has been Ho-
set with difficulties and at prescott iAh
r Allies are protesting against her OK
porting supplies 10 Germany
Norway has signed AN aGTooneH'
with the United States by which m
v mercial relations may be carried N
=, Sweden has ~een dealing openly win
i Germany and has been threat"no'
d with virtual boycott by Great Bit