davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
The Phobias of Little Children

Almost all of us have at some time or
other thought Of some person. and even
SAID, how we hate them and love them at
the same time. The one emotion does not
seem to exclude the other; and they will
seem sometimes curiously to exist TO-
gether. The more ardently we love the
more likely that there will be moments
when we almost ardently hate the same
individual. Even for our enemies va
sometimes have soft moods of reaction.
10 this pervasive two-sdedness of our
feelings the new psychology has given
the term "ambi-va valence," which NAV ha
translated as an emotion good in either
direction. The really noteworthy discov-.
cry about this fairly common fact is that
1T is much stronger in children than in
adults, and in savages than the folk we
are pleased to term civilized. In the new
view it is this coincidence of hirblv ant;n-
odal feelings which gives rise to MANY
OF those strenuous moral conflicts which
disturb the peace of many minds and
may sometimes grow to such intensity as
to threaten the wreck of life. In tho
savage, and more notably still in little
children, these conflicts find STRANGE
escapement That is by the transfer of
the emotion to some quite innocent oh
Ject. Thus, for example, the child can
not bear to treasure hatred against one
or the other OF its parents, and yet we
Know that these childish hatreds arc
sometimes terrifyingly strong. Present
day Investigations have shown that the
hostile wish against a father or mother
a brother or sister is sometimes ex-
tremely vivid, even in what we term the
most healthy and normal children.
But along with this goes all of child's
warmth of affection; and the two things
do not blend. Perhaps the strangest
thing that has been found in the nature
Of the mind is the fashion in which a
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15

substitute hatred will be literally in
vented. AS rule the most familiar OBJ
ject for this substitution is familiar
animal, cat or dog mouse or a
bug. And this hatred takes the form of
fear. Behind all of our morbid fears
apparently there is a strong desire, and
the fear is aroused actually by the
thought that our desires might be real
lied. The child's dread Of mouse or
kindly horse is not natural-so far from
that, the childish attitude toward ami
mails even like snakes or tigers is one
of the utmost friendliness. The fear, or
"phobia," seems to arise from destruc-
tive wish toward the animal, and in the
new view this fear is due to the uncon-
scious recognition that the animal really
stands for father or a mother, toward
which consciously the child can feel only
the tenderest affection
1t would take us too far afield to at
tempt to outline the elaborate founda-
tions upon which this new view is based.
1t is evident that we have here a verv
fundamental conception which must
deeply alter our current notions of the
child mind.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
Shakespeare; s
German
o the Editor of The Tribune.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: In view of the sudden German reso-
luton to apotheosize Shakespeare, it may be
worth while to note Shakespeares own esti-
mate of the typical German of his day.
| quote the passage from "The Merchant
of Venice" (Act I, Scene p where Nerissa
is catechizing Portia about her sutors and
Portia is describing them in reply:
"NERISSA- like you the young Ger
man, the Duke of Saxony's nephew?
"PORTIA-Very vilely in the morning
when he is sober; and most vilely in the
afternoon, when he is drunk; when he is
best he is q little worse than man; and
when he is worst he is little better than
beast. An the worst fall that ever fell,
hope l shall make shift to go without him.
"NERISSA-If he should offer to choose,
and choose the right casket, you should re-
fuse to perform your fathers will if you
should refuse to accept him.
"PORTIA-Therefore for fear Of the
worst, | pray thee set a deep glass of
Rhensh wine on the contrary casket; for
if the devil be within, and that tenn mptation
without, ] know he will choose it. I will
do anything, Nerissa, ere I will be married
to a spunge."
For German readers this passage might
be expurgated or explained as vile English
Interpolation; but it is worth observing
how 1t stands now in advance Of the trans
lation to be ''made in GERMANY"
A SUBSCRIBER.
Upper Montclair, N. j., July 8, 1918.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
The Price of Eggs in Skye

That very clever journal, "The Viii
lager, makes some remarks on "the un-
escapable results that. follow on the
watering of the stock of money!" and
quotes from Mr.. Hartley Withers re-
mark of DR.. johnson. When told that in
Skye twenty eggs might be bought for a
penny the genial scholar observed: "Sir.
l do not gather from this that eggs are
plenty in your miserable island, but that
pence are few" And that, as "The Viii
lager" observes, "is the whole story:
''lf the number of pence in Skye had
been increased twentyfold and the num-
Der of eggs had remained the same the
miserable islanders would have had to
pay twenty pence for their twenty eggs.
We should need to assume, of course
that what is called the velocity of the cir
culation was all the while unchanged, and
we quite fearessly make such assump-
ton, feeling that Skye would not bctrav
us nor force US into unnecessary COM
plexities. Anyway, it passes us to compre-
hend how aught than this main conclu-
sion can be made out of imitation, vet
many OF our successful business men, and
even editors with business bent of mind,
Duild up curious-we had almost said
iatuous- arguments on the other side
The only explanation for this that
Inc Vlllager" can find is that "eco-
nomc theories are true only in the long
run; that is to say, they do not show in
detail, but only in the full cross-section
OF the movement" And it goes on to say
that business men are somewhat prone to
conflne their reasoning "to what happens
between the mornings unlocking of the
Office door and the evenings locking of
the cash drawer"
AS matter of fact, it has been the
service OF economists like Professor f.
Il. kemmerer, of Princeton; Professor
Irving Fisher, Of Yale; Professor O. M
W. Sprague, of Harvard, and Mr.. George
". Roberts, of the National City Bank, to
show that "the money problem" and the
immediate effect of "the dilution of the
stock of money can be shown statisti-
cally and as an immediate resnonse tn
existing conditions. In Britain one of
N'N 'o'SiiooI VI uNlnS economists. Pro-
lessor j. Shield Nicholson. has gone 50
tar as to endeavor to show by a series of
tables and charts that the rise in the
average of commodity prices in that
country has followed promptly within
three months each new increase in the
output of Treasury bills.
> We have already drawn attention to
Professor Kemmerer's admirable article
IN the last number of "The American
Economic Review" in which he shows
that while the actual volume of produc-
ton and trade from 1914 increased
about 25 per cent, the nations stock Of
money and the volume of banking credit
increased 70 or SO per cent. This could
have no other effect than an immediate
and corresponding rise in the average of
prices; and this is precisely what we got.
The thing worked with the precision Of
Il machine.
1T has always seemed " Us astonishing
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
The Serbian
Conc0rdat

An important incident in the relations of
the Holy See with the Slav world is the
Concordat concluded in 1914 with Serbia
Having issued victorious from the two
Balkan wars, Serbia was quick to realize
that by coming TO terms with the Vatican
on broad basis of liberty she would ex-
ercise very noticeable effect upon the
Catholic Slavs of the Hapsburg monarchy.
For the same reasons the Austrian govern
ment, with the pretext that Vienna had
been the scene OF memorable Eucharistic
Congress-ad majorem gloriam of the En-
peror-would fan have prevented anv
agreement from being reached. But the
Holy See allowed itself to be guided solely
by religious motives. The Concordat was
concluded and though the government Of
Vienna hoped that the agreement would
be nullhed by the which it had de-
lberately unclaimed, the last word has not
yet been pronounced If victory rests with
the Entente, the Corcordat with Serbia
will be revived and amplilied still further
by the Pact of Corfu which assures the
complete liberty and equality of all re.
hgions. The Austrian mosaic may assume
ne" 1orms as The result OF the liberation
of the oppressed nationalitics, but Ca
tholicism as q vital force set free from all
the influences which tended to reduce it TO
a mere instrument OF government need not
fear the future outlined by the Roman
Congress. Political and social forms have
their day and vanish; it must not be linked
indissolubly with what is merely tran
STORY That which remains above all vicis-
STUDIES is an element Of higher and trans
cendental order, with regard to which alone
faith is unshakab!e.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
Work of Jugo-Slav
Priests

In the Jugo-Slav countries the Catholic
clergy has placed itself at the head of the
movement for national independence. An
tony .Korosec, the president of the Jugo-
Slav parliamentary club in Vienna, is a
priest and professor of theology. The sig
natures for the Jugo-Sav national referen-
dun, which have reached the figure of over
100000 among the Slovenes alone, were to
very large extent collected under the
eye of the parish priest. And this is per-
fectly natural, since the faithful are gen.
orally led to give a kind of religious con-
secration to movement that is truly ma
tonal.
From the Catholic standpoint the most
typical incident OF the Hapsburg monarchy
was the expulsion of the Prince Bishop of
Trento, Mgr. Gudsci, almost immediately
after 1taly's declaration of war 1t is to
be noted that the bishop was not an ire
dentist in the political sense Of the word
though he could not remain Indifferent to
the movement for Germanizing and Prot
estantzing the diocese of Trento The
programme of Los Won Rom" has. in the
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15

THE Roman Congress of oppressed
Austro-Hungarian nati0nalities has
awakened a deep echo, not only in
political circles, but also in those Catholic
circles to which the religious problems in
volyed in the liberation of the nationaites
cannot fail to be of lively interest. Hence
l found myself invited by the Pcvue des
Jeunes--that courageous and widely read
review, which owes it's inspiration to
Father Sertillanges and the elite of the
younger French Catholics-to sketch briefly
the more recent aspects Of the Austrian
problem in its bearing upon the religious
question. AS matter of fact, the con-
nection between politics and religion is
far more intimate than those who only
have superficial acquaintance with the
Qanuban Monarchy might be tempted to
suppose.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
The Plunderers
down

The Berlin "Vossische Zeitung' now
blurts out the fact that Germany is about
to ask Russia for an indemnity of $3,-
500,000,O0O Having appropriated Po-
land, Lithuania, Courland, Livonia,
Esthonia, the Ukraine, Bessarabia, the
Crimea and a large part Of the Cauca-
sus district, Germany wants to levy on
the dismembered hulk Of the old Roma
noff empire a war tribute unparalleled
in all history. Alongside such rapacity
her treatment Of France in 1871 seems
generous and merciful.
Yet German demands on broken and
impoverished Russia are not unnatural.
For the last forty-seven years the Ger
man government has been dinning in the
ears of the German people the gospel Of
spollation. 1t has taught them to covet
the territory and possessions Of all their
European neighbors. That is what Pan
Germanism means, AS many nations as
possible must be brought under the Ger
man yoke. stripped Of liberty and the
fruits of their labor and converted into
hewers Of wood and drawers of water
under German taskmasters.
This teaching has struck in The in
dustrial classes as we'll as the military
classes, the universities and the liberal
professions have been inoculated with
ii. The passion for plunder is now in
the German blood.
In his illuminating diary Dr. Wilhelm
Mihlon refers again and again to the
predatory impulses manifesting them
selves in all strata of German society.
He describes an intimate conference of
representatives of the steel industry of
Rhenish Prussia and Wcstphalia. "These
modern German industrials,' he says,
"are sickening"
They all argued for Il wholesale ap-
preparation both of enemy territory and
of enemy private property. The blunder
OF 1871 must not be repeated. Said one:
This time the indemnity must go as
high Gin the case of France) as S12.-
500 100000, and must be collected, not in
drafts, but in merchandise, land and
mineral properties. No powerful iron
and steel industry must ever be allowed
to develop again in France or Belgium"
Toward every conquered nation Ger
many intends to play the beast of prey.
That is her policy. DR.. Miihlon says
further Of his steel barons:
There was nothing in their conver-
sation OF in their thoughts but force.
material wealth, new territory to de-
velop, discipline and methods of ex
ploitation. No idea which would Just
ify an extension of German rule. no
benefits to be bestowed on the con-
quered and no consideration to be
shown to them. In short. no mag
nanimity. They want to lie in the
beds of other people and don't mind
being called barbarians for wanting
to do so. They haven't the least am
bltlon to win over other peoples bv
moral suasion."
Here the inner mind of Germany is
revealed. She will plumber Russia to
the last ruble. She will take the last
kopecks from the eyes of the Russian
corpse
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
Mgr. Gudisci's
Removal

The Bishop of Trcnto, having undertaken
the defence of the idiom Of Dante was re-
moved from his episcopal residence, and
the protests of the Vatican met with no re-
sponse from the "Most Catholic" House
of Hapsburg. In the history Of this afro
cious war the name of Mgr. Gudsci will
be remembered comforting distinction
upon the Catholic episcopate, and at the
same time as a symbol Of the government
of Viennas desire to reduce Catholicism
to mere "instrumentum regni." Those who
see things only from distance may at first
sight be attracted by the outward splendor
and decorative effect of Austro- Hungarian
Catholicism; but those who examine it at
close quarters, among the various nation
alitics which seek to dispose Of their own
fate and which insist that there must be
no opposition between the religious idea
and the currents of nationality, will tend
to modify their first Impressions
If the force of events drives US in the
direction indicated by the Congress of
Rome and its agreements, Catholicism will
find fresh scope for its vital forces in Po-
land, in Bohemia, in Jugo- Slavia in Ru-
mania. And the Roman Church, which
holds position outside and above all po-
litical and military changes, would only in
tervene at later stage, when the new sit
uaton had already been created.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
The South S Superwoman

From Ths Montgomery Advefttser)
Houston boasts that she is the refuge 0.
lady who once had the satisfaction 0l
knocking the Kaiser down, yet we note 'nS'
The Post" of that city is supporting ah'
other lady for superintendent Of pubic IN
struction. However, it may be that rms
Post" is reserving something better for VI.
woman with the wallop--say, the of''ce o.
Chief Of Police. =
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
A Capital Ship for an Ocean Tr;n

f'om The 81! Louis Post -D.suotcb,
The "sem-o Official" denial from cer,,,
ol '"e SINKING of another British hospital
sup ana the statement that the vessel was
p'oOao'y sunk by British mine ought to
cause German Admiralty Investigation to
ma out what U-boat commander AVID
~, ms crew were doing cooDed up in an Eng
lish mine " Lug
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15
The Slau and the HolySee
By E.rnesto Vercesi in The New Europe.

Father Vers those all too Who
Austria hand hovng acted gears
Lent
IN Venna1
New-York tribune., 1918-07-15

Dual Monarchy, always been identical with
that of Los Won Oesterreich."
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1918-10-18

friendly with the men, and while I
think they liked him they were so
tough they would never admit 1t, and
some of them claimed he was a Jonah,
or jinx, or bad luck Of some kind. But
they all told him their vows as soon
as they made them and he was sup
posed to be sort Of referee as to
whether they kept them or not.
During my second stunt in the front
lines things got pretty bad. The Ger
mans were five to our one and they
kept pushing back parts OF the line
and cleaning out others. And the
weather was as bad as it could be
and the food did not always come reg
ularly. Now, before they took their
vows, every last man In the bunch
would have been kicking and growing
all the time, but, as it was, the only
time they growled was when the Ger
mans pushed us back.
Things kept getting worse and you
could see that the men talked to the
chaplain more and quite few Of them
got real chummy with him.
One morning Fritz started in bright
and early to begin his strafe. The
lieutenant was walking up and down
the trench to see that the sentries
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1918-10-18
BY WILLIAM A. RADFoRD.

What constitutes good plumbing in
the modern home is a question that
comes up to every present-day home
builder or house remodeler. 1t is a
question that can be answered in a
number of ways, and my purpose here
is not to tell you how you can install
your own plumbing in this good look
ing house design and make a sanitary
job of it, but, on the contrary, to give
you such information that you will be
able to see that the plumber gives you
the best job he is capable of for the
amount of money which you give him
for that purpose, for do not believe
that any man, however handy he may
be with tools, can do as good job of
plumbing as licensed plumber can,
nor should he attempt to do so.
However, there is no doubt that any
one who contemplates installing plumb
ing on his premises can effect an ap-
preciable saving both of patience and
money by learning for himself some
of the fundamental rules about plumb
ing.
With reference to the design illus
trated, we have floor plan which
meets the needs of American standards
and customs for the modest home. 1t is
only % feet wide, and so will go on
narrow lot if necessary. There is a
comfortable porch across the front. A
good-sized living room takes up about
half of the main floor, and wall bed
with wardrobe closets occupies one
end of this room, providing third bed
room. The dining room and kitchen
are well arranged. A stairway to the
second floor, and also the cellar stairs,
work In well both for economy and con-
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1918-10-18
Wouldn't Let Woman Tie Knot.

The Erie Record tells of a NeOshO
county couple who called at the pro-
bate judges Office for marriage Ii
cense, intending to have the ceremony
performed by the judge at the same
time. Finding woman deputy in
charge of the Office, the young man in
the case refused to proceed and went
to hunt up a minister. I'D just as
soon be married by a photograph as
to have a woman perform the cere-
mony," he said. The Record, however,
does not record what the bride replied
to that tactful remark on the part Of
her Observation-Disclosures City Star.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1918-10-18

venience On the second floor are two
large bedrooms, bathroom and ample
closet space.
Every Fixture Should Have Trap.
AS to the plumbing, perhaps you
have noticed under sink piece Of
pipe bent to resemble the letter rs"
laid on it's side. This is what is
known as strap" Every fixture, and
by that is meant the sink, the wash
trays, the bath tub, water closet and
1avatory, should have trap placed di-
rectly below the outlet of the fixture.
This is demanded by all the laws OF
health and by practically every city
as a plumbing ordinance. The reason
for this trap is that all of the waste
matter from the fixtures passes
through this trap on the way to the
sewer, and in the bottom of the trap
there is always a small quantity OF
water which absorbs the gases and
odors which come from the pipes and
sewers and prevents these gases and
odors from coming back into the
rooms, which would cause headaches,
sickness and other ills. So, primarily,
the first Importance of good plumbing
requires that every fixture shall be
trapped.
Traps are usually vented, that is,
the crown or top of a trap is connect
ed to small pipe, which runs to the
outside air. This is done so that when
ever a large quantity of water or
waste matter is discharged through
trap, or if another fixture nearby is
suddenly emptied, the suction caused
in the pipes by the sudden rush OF wa
ter prevents the trap from siphoning
or running dry, in which case there
would be no prevention from the gases
passing back from another trap into
the house. However, there are traps
which can be purchased which do not
require the extra expense of back-vent-
ing with an air line. These traps are
called non-siphon or anti-siphon traps,
and are built in such way that it is
impossible for them to be entirely emp
tied of water, but the expense of In
stallation is almost the same in either
case.
Traps Should Be Cleaned.
The second important item is to see
that every trap has clean-out that is
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1918-10-18

that it should. See that this pipe is
regularly and often cleaned out with
boiling water, as all ice is not pure;
and there are particles Of dirt and
other matter that are often left in the
pipe. The trap under the safe need
not be vented, it is only an additional
guard to prevent odors from passing
back into the refrigerator.
Do not use an iron water-back in
your coal range, if you wish to save
yourself annoyance and trouble, but
use instead either a copper or brass
water-back. The cost will be greater
but it will be an economy in the end.
For the rust from the water-back is
sure to collect in the bottom of the
range boiler if it is an iron one, max
ing it necessary to have very hot fire
on wash days, which will agitate the
particles of rust so that they will find
their way to the wash trays and ruin
more of your best linens than would
pay the difference in cost of brass
water-back twice over.