davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
MILITARY MATHEMATICS
COURSE AT MONTANA u,
Training in Child Welfare Will Also
Be Given at Term Com
mencing July 2o

Missoula.-A course in military
mathematics will be offered during
the second term of the summer quar-
ter at the State University of Mon
tana, which opens July 20, provided
enough men signify their intention of
enrolling in the course to warrant it's
being given. The course will equip
those enrolled in it with a knowledge
of the fundamentals Of mathematics
necessary in some branches of army
and navy service. If the course is Of
fered it will be under the instruction
of E. F. A. Carey, assistant professor
of mathematics.
Another course that will be inau-
gurated for the last five weeks of the
summer quarter is one in child well
fare to be conducted by Mrs. X. w.
Jameson, dean of women. "This course
is directly in line with the movement
of the government that has named
this year 'children's year in which
the effort is to be made to save 100000
babies" said Mrs. Jameson.
The child welfare course will in
clude a study of eugenics, child NOR
tality, child labor laws, juvenile de-
and the education of chill
dren.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
Maple Sugar Value Grows.

The value of the national produc-
ton of maple sugar and maple sirup
has grown from 100000 in 1899,
when the census first ascertained 1t,
to S12,0O0,000 for 1918. according to
the bureau Of crop estimates, United
States department of agriculture.
The maple sugar and sirup of 1918
were worth five times the cranberry
crop of 1917, one and one-third
times the hop crop, three-ifths of
the sorghum strip made, one-half of
the buckwheat or f1axseed or onion
crop, one-third of the oranges, and
one-quarter Of the sugar beets.
The principal region of production
extends from northwestern Ohio
through New York to Vermont and In
cludes parts of Maine, New Hamp-
shire, Massachusetts, and Pennsyl-
vania. Outside of this region there is
production Of Importance in the noun
tain country beginning with the south
ern counties of Pennsylvania and ex-
tending through western Maryland
into scattered localities in West Vir-
ginia, and also in parts of Michigan,
Wisconsin and Indiana.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
MUCH LIVESTOCK RANGE
Is AVAILABLE IN STATE
National Forests Contain Space for
10000 Sheep and $500
Head of Cattle

misunderstanding range for 10000
sheep and 1900 cattle is available in
the national forests of western and
northwestern Montana, says a telegram
ID. w. Raymond, secretary of the state
livestock commission received from
District Forester Rutledge of Missoula,
in reply to message sent him by Sec
rotary Raymond.
To open this range, the ACCESSIBILITY
of which was determined last May and
June by a national forest grazing ex-
pert, will require an order by the sec
rotary of agriculture. Secretary of the
Interior Lane has given permission to
use Glacier national park for grazing.
The range thus provided will be a
great relief to the stockmen of north
ern Montana, many of whom, due to
crop failures and burned up ranges, are
already using their winter range.
The inaccessibility of the range in
question under present conditions, is
the reason it has not been opened to
grazing, according to national forest
officials. In order to reach the areas
it will be necessary in many cases to
cut driveways through extremely dense
timber The areas are mostly regions
that have been burned over in recent
years, and fire weed, vegetation
which has proved excellent fodder for
sheep, has sprung up in abundance.
Once the ranges are penetrated, it
will mean new source of feed.
Each year the secretary of agricul-
ture fixes the maximum number of
animals that may be grazed that year
in the respective national forests. so
before the stock can be taken into the
areas, an order will be neces
sary The forests have been stocked
to their estimated capacity the last
two years, as the tendency has been to
help increase the meat and wool supply
as war necessity.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
COP SHOOTS TO STOP RIDER;
HITS GIRL ASLEEP UPSTAIRS

Great Falls.-A bullet fired by Pa
trolman Bill Murray at Ed Knowles,
negro, 80 years old, who was rid
ing bicycle on the sidewalk, enter
ed q room in the second story of the
DAILY hotel and after penetrating cur
tain and a pillow. lodged in the scalp
of Miss Poney Grant, a guest at the
hosiery. The girl lay in pool of
blood several hours until found by a
chambermaid. Knowles stopped when
shot at, and was fined $40 in police
court.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
NONPARTISAN LEAGUERS WON'T
ENDORSE STATE CANDIDATES

Great Falls. - AT headquarters of
the Nonpartisan league in this city
it has been announced that vote of
the different counties of the state
was taken during the week Of July 6
TO 10 and the result tabulated was
that there will be no state convention
of the party in Montana. or endorse
ment of any state candidate, the vote
being overwhelmingly against any
state action. Only legislative candi-
dates were endorsed in the different
counties, as far as heard from the
counties breaking even on endorse
ment of candidates on the Democratic
and Republican parties.
1t had been expected that a United
States senator and congressman would
be endorsed in Montana, but the vote
decides against any such action being
taken and is final.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
MACHINERY AIDS
LABOR SHORTAGE
Use of Modern Implements Is
One Way to Increase Crops
in Time of Emergency.
AIDS EFFICIENCY OF WORKER
United States Department of AqricuI-
ture Recommends That Farmers
Cooperate in Purchase of Va
rious Farm Outfits.

Work which is generally done In
some part of the country with the aid
of machines that greatly increase the
efficiency of the man employed is still
largely done by hand in other parts.
Machinery for the most of the work In
connection with preparing and filling
the soil is available In many sizes, and
frequently two or more outfits, each
requiring the time of one man, are
seen working in the same field on OPP
erations for which implements of two
or three times the size of those used
could be employed with just as salts
factory results. There are few farm
horses which q driver of ordinary in
telligence cannot train to work in
large teams in few days. time, and
most of the larger implements are lit
tie if any more complicated or diff
cult to handle than the small ones for
the same work.
Machinery Profitable.
Where the farm is large, and it is
not possible to procure sufficient labor,
specialists of the United States de-
partment of agriculture say it is more
profitable, as we'll as patriotic, to in
stall machinery which will enable the
operator to plant, cultivate, and har-
vest full acreage of the crops best
suited to his land and the needs of
his country, than to let some of the
land lie idle, or, at best, have 1t pre-
pared and worked poorly, and the
crops out of season.
In Farmers Bulletin $50, "Better
Use of Man Labor on the Farm" just
issued by the United States depart
ment of agriculture, photographs of
actual farm scenes are printed to
show that in many cases work can be
doubled by the use of larger imple-
ments and greater motive power, and
sometimes the gain is considerably
more than that. If the nature of the
work and the machinery for doing it
are such that the best implements
will increase the efficiency of the
worker by only 30 or 70 per cent their
use may make possible an increase in
acreage by Just that amount and at
his work In less time and allow him to
take better advantage of good wealth
err If the season is unfavorable
Combining to Purchase Machinery.
Can all farmers afford to buy extra
horses and larger implements to save
nan labor? OF course those whose
farms require but one or two horses
20 do the ordinary work seldom can
afford to do so. But they can secure |
his additional help by combining to |
larger machinery, and doub- |
ing up their teams to operate it; or
me, usually more skilled in operating
or better able to purchase
t, may own the larger implements,
ind do the work for several neighbor
armers, besides his own, to the adj
'antage of all concerned. Both these
Methods have been tried out in many |
ocalities with mowers, harvesters, /
FACTORS, thrashing machines, and
'ther farm machinery.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
INVESTING IN MACHINERY

If two men, driving one horse
each, can combine the two
horses into one team which one
man can drive, and this team
can do as much or more work
than the two did singly, isn't it
wise to combine them and save
one mans time?
And If the farm is large and
conditions warrant, isn't it wise
to combine two of these two
horse teams into one, and save
another mans time?
But before making these extra
investments it is wise for the
farmer to consider well the cost
and the probable gain. If extra
horses and implements cost
more than they will produce, of
course it would be unwise to
make the investment.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02

1t is the low prices at which land
can be obtained In Western Canada
which is rendering this country such
an important factor in the production
of foodstuffs at the present time. 1t
Is enabling men who have been farm
ing small areas in older districts to
take up and farm with the same capi-
tai areas not only many times as great.
but which are also capable Of produc-
ing considerably larger crops to the
observation-disclosures
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
Weeds Never Rest.

The weed fight is one of the stand
ard routine operations on the farm,
and it represents a large proportion Of
the labor necessary to produce crops.
No other single feature of farming re-
quires such universal and unceasing
attention as do the weeds.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
How Rata Migrate.

Migrations of rats from one local
ity to another probably are due chiefly
to food conditions, say Investigators
Of the United States department Of
agriculture. After years In which the
pests are comparatively scarce in a
rural nSghhOrhood they suddenly be-
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
Plan for Storage House.

Early this season plans should be
made and executed In the building of
suitable farm storage houses or cell
lars. This usually can be done at rel
atively low cost If undertaken in time
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
Results From THINNING.

Do not let the vegetables remain too
thick, in the row. Too many beets to
the foot in the row is just as bad as
weeds. Get the maximum results from
your ground by thinning and good care,
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
viii Ascertain States Seed Needs.

Bozeman.-To ascertain the seed
needs of the farmers of the state
particularly of northern Montana, the
State college of agriculture and me-
chanic arts has begun survey to de-
termine definitely what is needed. W.
L. Beers, field agent in marketing, re-
turned a few days ago from Washing
ton where he attended a conference OF
the federal seed stock committee, and
he brings assurances that Montana
farmers will be supplied seed from
Kansas and Nebraska If arrangements
for payment can be made.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
Well Named.

Old Lady-Can you tell me what Is
inside the sandbags, young man?
Special Constable-San ma'am-
hence the name.-London Punch.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02

Mansfield, O., has opened new
hospital costing $4,000.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02

For honey comb and cellar winter
ing an eight-frame hive Is commonly
preferred.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
FEDERAL AID FOR
FARMERS NEEDED
GOVERNOR STEWART GOES TO
WASHINGTON TO PLEAD
FOR 100000
NEWS OF THE CAPITAL CITY
Montana Loyalty League Organized in
Helena. - Campaign Will Be
Started to Reduce Fire
Hazard in Montana.

Helena.-Governor S. V. Stewart
and John M. Davis, president of the
Teton county farm bureau have left
for Washington, ID. c., to ask the fed
era1 government for $1O,OO0,00O to en-
able $4,000 drouth stricken farmers
in this state TO seed 100000 acres
of land to winter wheat This was
the decision reached at the conference
held here with the state council of
defense by leading bankers, mer-
chants, elevator men and representa-
tives of farm bureaus to devise ways
and means of aiding the farmers.
1t was the unanimous opinion that
the plan of the war finance corpora
tion, as announced in dispatches from
Washington, to aid drouth stricken
farmers through local banks, will be
of no avail in this state because of
the fact that local banks and mer-
chants have already aided farmers as
much as they can, and the farmers
who need assistance can give no Sc
curity because their stock, implements
and land are already mortgaged For
Alllo iCdooh lOtdl DdIthS tOulu uOl
guarantee the loans to the finance cor
poration.
N. T. Lease of Great Falls believed
the state should guarantee the gov
eminent it would not lose a dollar that
was advanced. Governor Stewart did
not agree with him, pointing out it
was not charity the state was seeking,
that the men needing aid can obtain
work at good wages, and that coun-
ties can take care of charity cases.
but that it is simply a question of
securing an acreage of grain that will
not be secured without federal aid.
and that it is>on purely war grounds
that the aid is asked
Campaign to Reduce Fire Hazard.
To reduce the fire hazard risk in
Montana, a campaign will be launched
September by State Fire Marshal A.
E. Ecklund in cooperation with fire
insurance companies doing business in
the state, and force of 60 expert vol
unteer inspectors will examine every
flour mill, grain elevator, cold storage
and large retail store.
The state has been divided into dis
tricts and inspectors will be allotted to
each district to insure the work is |
done thoroughly. Much literature has |
been prepared which will be furnished |
to managers of the establishments to |
be posted in the plants to impress
upon employees the patriotic necessity |
Of conserving foodstuffs through pre-
vention of fires. Blanks will also be
furnished by which managers can
score their own plants and later
check them against the scores given
)y the experts.
X X *
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-08-02
Loyalty League Organized.

Following the meeting OF the state
council of defense here, and with
the endorsement of that body as to it's
aims and purposes. the Montana 10y
atty league was organized to assist
the county and state councils of de-
tense by enlisting the aid of the
greatest number of people who are
willing to subscribe to the sentiment !:
''This is my war"
The meeting was attended by a
large number of ranchers, business
men, q number of bankers and 9TH
ers who had come to Helena to APP
pear before the state council of de-
Tense to be advised as to the ways
of securing immediate assistance for
the continued cultivation of over two
million acres of farms which suffered
crop failures the past season.
Timber Will Not Die.
Thousands of acres of valuable tim
Der on the mountains adjacent to Hell
ena, injured by sudden changes In tenn
perature last winter. will not die, In
the opinion of Charles X. McHarg, Jr.,
supervisor of the Helena national for
est, based on recent reports he has re-
ceived Only one side of the trees has
appartnely been affected, and this
makes it probable that they will out
grow the injuries and survive.
The mountains south, east and west
of Helena are noticeably brown In
color from the dead needles of the
trees. If the timber should die 1t
would mean not only a great loss of
commercial timber, but a serious dam
ger to the watersheds that supply
Helena with water and furnishes mois-
ture for many of the irrigated farms
in the locality.
When the trouble first became APP
parent last spring, it was thought that
beetles had invaded the regions.
4 X X
1000 Draft Men in August.
Approximately 1000 white men will
be called into the military service
from Montana during August, accord
ing to telegram received here from |
Provost Marshal GENERAL Crowder |
who directs local boards to refuse re-
leases to all registrants of the 1917 |
or 1913 classes "who have or will be |
classified in Glass l until sufficient |
number of Glass / registrants, physi-
cally qualified for general military |
service are In sight to fill promptly |
and properly all calls up to August 81
with allowances for Projections.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1918-03-23
THE WEEKS WAR REVIEW
WRITTEN FOR The TOPEKA STATE JOURNAL
By lffF7I ZUf1WALT
GERMANY STRIKES.

rolled back, perhaps as far as the
Mouse river on the German border.
But the reserves were not there and
before they could be concentrated the
Germans had brought up enough men
to save the day.
If Hindenburg should now break
thru at Cambria, the whole British
line from ST. Quentin to the Belgian
border would be in the graveSt danger
I of collapse.
Such are the possibilities of the sit
uation. In order to achieve such re-
suits it would be necessary for Ger
many to throw into the attack ire
mendouS masses of men, and in case
of defeat her losses would be SO
heavy as to seriously cripple German
military strength for months, and per-
haps for the rest of the war.
As this was written it appeared
that the British were holding their
ground and that there was no i'm
mediate danger of the development
of the Cambria salient. Such a blow
to De, successful must gain it's OBJ
| Jcctives quickly. Otherwise the de-
tenders will have time to withdraw
their men from the salient, straighten
out their front and be ready to hold
against succeeding attacks. 1t would
appear, therefore, taking the official
statements at full value, that the
! German blow has failed to prepare
the way for any decisive results.
OF course it is quite possible that
the German attack was merely an
effort to drive in the salient and
straighten out treir lines. preparatory
to assuming the defensive or to open
ing & real drive on some other sector
of the front. The British wedge ex-
tending into the German front at
| Cam bra: is a constant and grave
menace to the whole German position
in northern France. 1t would be a
very natural precaution for Germany
t.. a o Mt m ri hi n in O.
fore settling down to a defensive cam
paign or undertaking a grand often
sive there or anywhere else along the
extended battle line.
The present blow, heralded as the
much advertised grand offensive, may,
| therefore. be merely a secondary un-
| dertaking begun as a defensive opera
| ton and nothing more. On the other
! hand it may be the beginning of 8
! tremendous bid for a final decision.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1918-03-23
SHAWNEELABOR NEEDS
Farmers Can Use 226 More Hands
This Summer Folker Asserts.

A campaign to swat the kaiser
with poultry" will be waged in Shaw
nee county March IS and 80, by the
Shawnee county farm bureau. the
Kansas State Agricultural college CO.
operating, 1t was announced today by
A. D. Folker, farm agent here. A
series of four community meetings will
be held. The principal speaker will
be Ross S. Sherwood, poultry special
list in the extension bureau of the Ag-
ricultural college.
Sherwood will make a plea for an
extension Of poultry raising by farm
ers. On Thursday. March %, meet
ings will be held at the farm of Louis
Veigbaum in the morning and at the
farm of Charles Luegene in the after
noon. The next day meetings will be
hefd on the farms of ]. o. Browning
and c. E. dresser, the former in the
morning and the latter in the after
noon.
The Shawnee county farm bureau,
Folker announces, has just completed
a labor survey of the county. Forty
eight men are needed by the farmers
for the entire year. fifty-two for the
season and harvest hands needed TO-
tai 1876. If the farmers can obtain
this many men they will get thru the
season with flying colors.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1918-03-23

Is the big drive on? That question
is on every lip today. A definite
answer is impossible at the time this
is written.
On Thursday morning following a
brief but terrific bombardment Ger
man troops were hurled against the
British front on both sides of the
Cambria salient which was driven in
to the German lines in November.
The artillery bombardment covered a
sector about fifty miles long extend
ing from nearly opposite Arras to
about eight or ten miles south of St.
Quentin.
Fridays official dispatches report
ed major infantry attacks on less than
half of the front bombarded.
The Cambria salient is about ten
miles wide and extends about five
miles into the former German lines.
The principal drives of Thursday
were made, not against the projectin g
front of this salient, but on either side
about where it joins the old line
1t is evident that the immediate
objective of these attacks was merely
to drive converging wedges into the
British lines in such a way as to cut
off the main part of the salient On
both sides. isolating it from the rest
of the front and if possible surround
ing it.
If the attack should succeed it
would be a serious disaster for the
British. Large bodies of troops and
enormous supplies of guns and NUM-
tons would be captured and the
British strength would be so broken in
that sector as to make possible a wide
breech in the whole front. The
eventual outcome would depend large
ly on whether General Haig could
throw sufficient reserves into new
line in the rear to hold the advancing
Germans.
The situation would be almost
Identical with that which existed in
the days Immediately following Gen
eral Byng's spectacular advance
against Cambria last fall, except that
the conditions would be reversed.
If General Haig could have sup
piled the reserves necessary to make
the most of Byng's early success al
Cambria the German front would have
been broken and the Hindenburg line
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1918-03-23
THE BIRTH OF THE WATER LILY.

(Founded on an Indian legend.)
From the skies, just at twilight, a
pale star looked longingly down upon
the beautiful green earth. All about
this star it's brothers and sisters were
bright and happy, and in bands played
together upon the great shining plain
in which they lived. But this one star
was sad and sorrowful 1t turned
away from the soft light of the moon
when she walked forth across the sky,
and hid its face when the sun, the
bright heart of the day, flung wide
gates open for the beautiful smiling
dawn-maidens. Under the light of
the young moon or the bright shining
of the sun, the lovely earth seemed
fairer than all besides. The still green
meadows, the cool waying forests, and
the blue rivers. far more attractive
than the star-1odges set in the sky.
Every night at twilight, the star saw
its image reflected in the quiet lake
set around with green rushes and
great forest trees. And it looked with
envy upon the trout. and the sly
pickerel 1eaping and flashing in the
moonlight, the frog calling among the
reeds and PUSHES, and the bright light
ming bug fitting thru the darkness
above the murmuring waters. Every
night the loon called to the echo
hiding upon the shore, and the whip
poorwill answered clear and sweet in
the distance. The wild geese made
their lazy flight across the quiet sur
face Of the lake. The bobwhite
pi }, from the thicket. and the owl
hooted afaf in the lonely forest.