El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-08-17

2 and which viii shave down the parts
I so that they fit 10 the l-lOOth, ana
/ some even 10 the 1o-1OO0th, Of an inch.
I The pulling over machine whlch I
have already referred TO has 400 dit
/ ferent parts, some Of which ut so
! closely. in It's complicated mechanism,
/ that you could not put baby's hair
/ between the joints.
Machines Are Automatic.
] On my way through the factories
walked over floors covering a half
! acre or more devoted 10 making a
single class Of parts The machines
are automatic, and some OF them
make screws small enough for a
watch, while others turn out bolts
! big enough for a safe. In ma king
some Of the screws the raw mate
rial goes in at one end in round steel
I bars as thick as lead pencil and
comes out at the other in screws per
fectly shaped. with the cut in the
head, ready for use
All that is necessary is TO feed in
the steel and the machine does the
rest. turning out screws by the thou
sands. 1t takes one man only to care
for five machines. Similar work for
making smaller screws is done by
other machines not far away. In the
latter the steel feed is rods as big
around as a knitting needle, and the
product is the tiny screws fitted for
the delicate parts Of certain shoe
making tools.
Making the Dies.
And then the careful work required
for the making OF the dies which are
used for cutting out the parts OF the
shoes Of the soldiers The other day
an order was sent out for 100000
PershinE shoes. This shoe demanded
certain new machines, and every fac
tory had TO have new dies for cut
ting the uppers. They are making
these dies at this writing and the
output is upwards OF $500 per week
The dies include those for all parts
OF the uppers- Each starts as a paper
pattern representing one OF the pieces
Of leather that is 10 20 into the
shoe. This pattern is pasted on a
sheet Of steel, and the steel is cut
TO its shape
The die is bent about the steel pat
tern, SO that the sharp edge Of its
framework fits it exactly. The dies
are made OF steel bars about 1-16th OF
an inch thick. The bending is done
in an acetylene flame so bright that
the men making the dies have blue
glass between them and the light.
Each die IS made in two pieces, which
are welded together by electricity.
After this the edges are ground as
sharp as a razor, so that when laid
on the leather and pressed down BY
the machines they cut out the parts.
Lnls ole making must be accurate in
every particular. for upon IL depends
the regularity Of the shape OF the
shoe.
Making Tools to Make Machines.
In addition TO the machines proper /
this plant has men who manufacture
only tools TO make the machines, and I
IL has large department which [
might be called a research labora-
tory This is devoted to making ex-
perimental machines and machine ]
parts, and connected with il are more
nan 400 inventors urhn ra#hFw1~
else but work on improvements in I
shoe machinery Each Of the inven- /
tors has his own private room for Z
MS work. He has two craftsmen I
VINO make designs according 10 his /
and a mechanic TO file out /
and shape certain parts. The rooms I
n the inventors run for about one I
-Ith Of a mile along one side OF the /
room; and their department has been /
-aceuously called Bug House row" /
went along this row from room to I
room and talked with the men. They /
have come from everywhere, and are
0t every degree OF education and abil- /
.ty- Iney have been selected for their /
! ankee ingenuity that enables them I
% create new results from combfna- ]
ions OF iron and steel Some Of the I
best OF them are mere boys. while ]
otners are gray haired and have been ]
nTentinS for a score OF more years j
every one has created new machines I
" parts OF one kind or another.
Royalty Is Low.
This work in the research labora-
DRY shows some OF the advantages I
\ the present organization OF the /
hoe machinery industry. The shoe
machines are for the most part leased 3
,ut 10 the factories on a ROYALTY OF ]
10 much for each pair OF shoes made
" them. and the more efficient and I
peedier the machines the greater the
eceipts OF the company The United I
'hoe Machinery company makes the .
machines and installs them. II sends
'ut its agents TO give them regular
Inspection, and sees that they are !
,ept in order and supplied with re-
airs The royalty on the 800, 10000 ]
airs OF shoes OF all types and grades
which VIII be used in the United
.tates this year is on the average less
nan three cents per pair for the use
4 all the machines which the com
ANY supplies, and no pair OF shoes
avs a higher royalty than six cents.
When you are charged SO or SO for
pair OF shoes you may know that l
ne increased cost has gone into some |
ther mans pockets than into those !
Z the men who make this machinery
OF the factories have had to paw 10
mem less than six cents on that pair \
L SHOES The new Pershing shoes.
which are costing Uncle sam upward /,
L $3.50 per pair, pay between five
M SIX cents per pair for all OF these I
machines which are used in making
hem, and there has been no increase
n the regular royalties on account
T the war.