davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-07-21
sent 20 Higher Court.

Charged with breaking into the
grocery store Of NJ Laster az the cor
her OF Harding and Nlstletoe streets.
On the night Of June 2s Silas Jack
son, . negro police character. was sent
on. to the hastings court for trial by
Justice Clements in police court this
morning,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-07-21
VIII Remodel Y. Nj. c. A

Al special meeting of The board u
directors of the local 7. NJ. c. A held
last night. contracts Tor general I'M
provements 10 the association building
were let All Railways in the building
will be painted and big improvements
made to the shower baths and swim
ming pool
The local association having los
about 80 per cent Of its membership
through the members enlisting in th'
service campaign to secure new
members was decided upon Every
effort will he made to get the bust
ness men of the city TO Join the y
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-07-21
Has Narrow Escape.

Eecond Baptist church OF this city,
had a narrow escape from serious
Injury and possibly death. Wednes-
day afternoon while on his way 70
Norfolk in an automobile, accom-
panied by his wife and four children.
On the outskirts Of Courtlsnd. Va
n bent radius rod of Rev Moores car
caused II to turn turtle The car " as
badly smashed. but Mr. Moore and his
wife and children we're thrown clear
of the car and escaped with only a
few scratches and bruises
Aid was summoned from CORTLAND
and the party MAS able to continue to
fat
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

when the question of the Stockholm con-
Up until that time, according to II. Will
lam Harris, writing in '"The New 2epub-
lie" for December l, call who believed in
the need for Il we'll established Labor
party in Great Britain were uniformly
pessmistc. The effect Of the war on de-
mocracy was that labor had almost ceased
to count as political force"
Then the Stockholm discussion inter
vened, continued MIR. Harris Labor was
divided and would have hopelessly split
but that labor men saw that "the danger
of disintegration had become so grave
that the choice lay naked and open be-
tween solidarity and impotence" At this
juncture Arthur Henderson, secretary
and recognized leader of the Labor party
was, so labor thought, "chucked" from
the Lloyd George ministry. Labor "saw
or imagined challenge, and took it up
forthwith. Unwittingly enough, Mr.
Lloyd George had galvanized the labor
movement into new life," and Mr.. Hen
derson turned his energies to reorganiz-
ing the labor party.
Labor was divided on going to Stock
holm. The Trade Union Congress, strong
ly representing the industrial side of the
labor movement, was ready to damn the
Stockholm programme. But at the annual
meeting of this congress an adverse
vote on the Stockholm idea to discuss
peacc was ayerted GA SkilfulIv framed
compromise motion, declaring for the
holding Of an international Socialist con-
ference after due preparation in the diff
ferent countries, was carried by an over
whclming majority, and Mr.. Henderson,
attending as a fraternal delegate from
the Labor party, met with an ovation that
set his own position out of reach Of envy,
detraction or malice"
Two other significant events, according
to Mr.. Harris, have also. contributed to
make British labor what it is to-day. One
of these was the entry of the British CO.
operative movement into politics. The
English cooperative societies, with a men,
bership of between three and four million
families, and thus with a claim to sup
ply something over third of the whole
population Of England, have been won
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

"(a) The rehousing Of the population to
the extent, possibly, Of Il million new cot
tages and an outlay of 300 millions sterling.
CD The immediate making good of the
shortage of schools, training colleges. tech
nical colleges. Co New roads ID Light
railways. (e) The uniiicaton and reorgani-
fzation OF the railway and canal system. (f)
AHorestaton go The reclamation of land.
(h) The development and better equipment
of our ports and harbors. G) The opening
ur OF access TO land by cooperative small
holdings and in other practicable ways"
10 relieve any pressure of an overstockcd
labor market, the opportunity should be tax
en- II unemployment should threaten to be-
come widespread: (a) Immediately to raise
the school leaving age to 16; OBJ greatly to
increase the number of scholarships and bur
sarles Tor secondary and higher education.
and lc) substantially to shorten the hours
of labor of all young persons.
Finally, wherever practicable the houls Of
adult labor should be reduced to not more
than forty-three per week without reduction
of the rates Of wages
The party opposes the continuance of the
military service acts a moment longer than
the imperative requirements Of the war de-
mand. 1t stands for the principle of the
common ownership of the nations land. to
NC oPPiiSu DIS suitable opportunities occur,
and Tor the national ownership and admin
lstration of the railways and canals, and
their union, along with harbors and roads.
and posts and telegraphs, as we'll as the
great lines of steamers, in d united national
Servlce Of communication and transport. to
be worked Tor the common good. The party
opposes the return of the railways to the
shareholders, declaring that the RAILWAYS
and canals, like the roads, must henceforth
belong to the public alone. Both in the rail-
ways and nationaized mines the party sup
gests a steadily increasing participation in
the management both central and local. of
the employees, and aims at household coal
Of standard quality, at fixed and uniform
price for the whole kingdom, payable bv
rich ana poor alike, rs unalterable as the Id
postage stamp. 1t is further asserted that
health insurance will never be pu. on a prom
er footing, nor the friendly societies secure
clear field, until the nation expropriates
the profit making industrial insurance COM
panles This assumption by state depart
ment OF life insurance is urged.
The party sees the key to temperance re-.
form in taking the manufacture and retail
OF alcoholic drink out of the hands of tbos.
who find profit in promoting the utmost
possible consumption.
special capital levy IS suggested to nav
off very substantial part O., the national
debt chargeable like the death duties on all
property"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

over to the side Of labor. Again, the British
Labor party has reformed itself. "In the
past it has been a close corporation. In
the future its doors will be open to all,
whether brain workers or manual work
ers, who avow sympathy with it's declared
Objects" This is the recently mentioned
''hand and BRAIN movement
The Inauguration of the "hand and
brain" movement went hand in hand with
the report of the proposed new pro-
gramme of the Labor party, which has
recently been published, and which will
be submitted for ratification to party
conference in June, unless a general cleo
ton before then should make a special
conference necessary. The following
summary of the report, taken from The
London Tines should help explain why
Arthur Henderson, with British labor
solidly behind him, is able to talk of labor
forcing peace and of a peaceful revolu-
tior:
eve need to beware of patchwork" saws
the report. THE view of the Labor party
Is that what has to be reconstructed after
lHe war is not tnlS or that government
department. nor this or that piece of
social machinery; but, far as Britain is
concerned society itself. To-day no man
dares to say that anything is impracticabe
What we now promulgate as our policy
whether Tor opposition or for office, is not
merely .his that specific reform, but
deliberately thought out systematic and
comprehensive plan for the immediate
social rebuilding, which any ministry,
whether or not it desires to grappe with
the problem, will be driven to undertake.
If we IL Britain are to escape from the de-
cay of civilization itself we must insure
that what is presently to be built up is a new
social order.
"The four pillars OF the house that we
propose to erect, resting upon the common
foundation Of the democratic control of
society in all its activities, may be termed:
"(a) The universal enforcement of the
national minimum;
"(b) The democratic control of industry:
"(c) The revolution in national finance:
ard
"(d) The surplus wealth for the common
good.
ITO prepare for the possibility of anv
unemployment, either during demobiliza-
ton or IN the first years of peace, the gov
ernments should make preparations for put
ting instantly in hand directly or through
the local authorities such urgently needed
public works as:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27
The Mark
Gains In
Status
TIME latest German newspapers re-

TIME latest German newspapers re-
port remarkable improvement in
the value Of the German currency
in connection with the armistice between
Russia and Germany. The value of the
German mark reached about it's lowest
point at the end of last October At that
time it took 315 marks at Berlin to buy
100 Dutch forms (the nominal value is
1863 marks for 100 f1orins); but by De-
cember % the price had fallen to 226
marks. Similarly the Germans paid on
December % only 17025 marks for 100
Danish crowns, as compared with 23025
marks at the end of October (par is
1925 marks to 100 crowns). In the
same time the Swiss franc fell from 157
to 1852 marks Tin peace 81 marks equal
100 francs).
The German papers assig n several
causes for the movement The first
cause was found in the business arrange
ments made last fall by Germany with
the neighboring neutral countries, under
which Germany undertook to supply them
with coal, iron and steel and other COM
modities-arrangeme which enabled
German bankers to accumulate credits
abroad against which they could draw
bills. But the papers see a much moro
important cause in the peace negotiations
with Russia, and their effect upon inter-
national speculation. They say that neu-
trail and especially hostile spectators had
been selling German exchange on large
scale in the expectation that the value of
the mark would continue to sink; but the
sudden prospect Of peace with Russia
caused them to buy back with rush.
The result is seen in the prices already
quoted. Some of the German papers
draw from this improvement in the Ger
man mark the comforting conclusion that
spectators outside of Germany are now
coming to the conclusion that Germany
will win the war.
The "Berliner Tageblatt'' had this to
say on the subject:
ut is we'll known that heavy bear specula-
ton in the German mark was going on OH
foreign exchanges, in which neutral and
especially hostile countries engaged. The
peace coming up for several months
caused the sellers of German exchange to
run to cover. This was precisely for the
reason that the view is gaining ground more
and more in neutral countries that the world
will be decided in our favor In con-
nection with this fact there has sprung I'D a
lively interest not only for our exchange
but also for German loans. 1t was believed
on the Berlin Stock Exchange that the bis.
rise in German and Prussian loans which
has recently taken place also partly due
to purchases by neutral countres.'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27
Austria Appears to Have Had Enough of It

day morning, however, authoritative cir
cles in London had reached the concu-
sion that the strike was genuine. Italy
too, was extremely suspicious An official
dispatch from Rome was given out at
Washington on Tuesday, according to
which the Italian press was very skepti-
cal and which suspected the news of the
strikes "to be one of the able manpuvres
of the enemy to distract the attention of
the Allies from the military preparations
and bring about a state of sympathy and
unrest among the proletariat of the Allied
countries.'
That extensive strikes really occurred
however, admits of no doubt. The evil
dence came from various sources, and
there were quotations from Austrian and
German newspapers confirming it.
The press discussion Of the strike on
this side has been mostly of an optimistic
character, though there is not lacking also
a skeptical note. The very captions OF
editorials breathe optimism: ''The Break
ing Empire" ''The Yeast in Austria, -
"The Austrian Hope" "Austria's Pathetic
Efforts" and more of like tenor "The
Boston Daily Globe" seizes upon the Rus
sian analogy thus:
"Austria exhibits resemblance to Rus
sia's predicamcnt in March, 1917, which is
worth noting The Russian unrest began as
food crisis and turned into q rcvolu-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

don dispatches, the Premier was openly
heckled while showing why England had
to conscrpt more men and $50 on or &c
under"
To these facts must be added some
astonishing occurrences at the prelmi-
nary meetings Of the Nottingham con-
ference, which, according to one Lon
con dispatch, has assumed more and
more the character of an international
gathering of workmen" and which grows
''even larger in Importance through III.
, certainty that the whole peace question
Will be debated" At one of these pre-
liminary meetings three 'fraternal dele
gates" were present: Maxim Litvroff
Bolshevist Ambassador to England Ca
mile Huysmans, secretary of the Social
ist International, and Emile Vandervelde
Belgian Socialist leader Given am op-
portunity to speak, Litvinoff made an adj
dress which was received with the great
est enthusiasm by the labor delegates
Appealing to British labor to "leave off
resolutions and follow the example Of
Russia" Mr.. Litvinoff added that the
peace negotiations at Brest- Ltovsk had
made more history in three weeks than
the three years of the war. eff peace
does not result" he said, "then revolution
in Germany, and, let me hope, perhaps
somewhere else, will bring the war to
an end"
This speech stirred the London dailies
according to a dispatch to "The New
York Times" 'The Daily Express" cor
respondent described it as ''the most
menacing speech ever delivered by an
Ambassador in friendly country
"The Morning Post" correspondent also
added:
1T is surely new role for man
claiming to be The representative of a
foreign country to preach revolution in
the country whose hospitality he is en-
joying and against the government of the
country in which he in years past sought
and found sanctuary"
What do these remarkable acts anc
statements signify?
To understand the new British labor
party, which is able to heckle the Premier
of England and unmolested to hear ad-
dresses urging British labor to revolt, ore
must turn to last August, to the period
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27
German Conception of the Peace of Brest-I itovsk

George. GO go UNDER take new force
from this evident split between the Central
Empires. 1t is good time now for the
Allies to press with all force, with newer
and stronger union"
"The New York Sun" also interprets
the strike chiefly as "a nationwide pro-
test against the high-handed way in which
Prussia has taken over the affairs of the
Dual Monarchy" and concludes that "Aus-
tria desires most Of all peace, and it may
be one Of Germany's difficult problems to
force her to continue an ally of Prussian
militarism."
"The Washington Star" interprets SINH
larly:
ut is rather amusing to hear the German
statesmen express their indignation at the
peace aims of the Allied powers, which sug-
gest a full expression of nationality for the
Austro- Hungarians, while the people in the
Dual Empire are striking and parading in
token of demand for separation from Ger
manic influence"
"The Cleveland Plain-Dealer" thinks
that elf the report from Austria Hungary
is not greatly exaggerated and if the anti
war strike actually ties up the munitions
industries of the Dual Monarchy the real
upheaval may be nearer than even the
most optimistic observer has expected"
"The Wilmington News" concludes it's
editorial thus:
at looks if the unrest, due to starva-
ton, coupled with the hanging fire of the
negotiations with Russia, were serious.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

NASUAL reading of newspapers now
q adays would alone tend to suggest
that something big Revolutionary
in quiet way--is occurring in England
through the agency of the British labor
party. In the first place, the statements
attributed in the last week to Arthur Hen
derson, leader of the Labor party, arc OF
peculiar interest. According to one dis
patch from London, Mr.. Henderson was
asked what he expected to develop from
the labor conference held at Nottingham
from January % to 25 The dispatch
runs
"He answered RevoluNon!
"He spoke in a serious manner, his heat
down in the peculiar bulldog manner OF Brit.
ish fighting politicians, but he looked up i'm
medately and smiled.
"'There's a revolution coming all right,
he explained, but it will be bloodcss af-
fair, entirely POLITICAL
lust before the conference convened an
other Henderson statement appeared pre-
dieting peace through labor's efforts:
1--WE are expecting to get into confer
ence that will result in peace settle
ment."
At the time of this statement Mr.. Hen
derson was reported to have sent circu-
lar to all the delegates, enunciating the
labor party's peace aims, as previously
published, and welcoming the six main
peace principles laid down by the de factc
Russian government. The circular de
elared that all the Socialist parties in
Europe We're now in accord in essentials
and agreed with the Bolsheviki. $50, also u
it added, Judging by his published state
ment, does President Wilson"
If these comments are not striking
enough to arrest attention one need only
to review the acts of English labor in the
past month to realize more fully the power
that Mr. Henderson's party now eXerts.
In that time British labor has adopted a
platform of peace aims more radical than
the "war aims" of Lloyd George, which.
were given in an address to labor men has
issued manifesto to the Russian people
backing up the Bolsheviki; and has COM
PEELED Premier Lloyd George to unbend
and discuss in open meeting with labor
men such things as peace aims, Stockholm
and the general conduct Of the war-a
meeting in which, according to some Lon
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27
TIME Austrian unrest appears at
length to be entering upon a con-

"HE Austrian unrest appears at
length to be entering upon a con-
dition so acute that almost any
extreme may result. Press dispatches
during the early part of the week tended,
many of them, to discourage undue faith
in the reliability of what still more or
less partook of the nature Of plain rumor.
But these dispatches were steadily &C.
buked by succeeding reports bearing fresh
evidence of impending revolution. AS the
week wore on the Austrian situation -a
strike in munition plants, riots demanding
peace, etc.-seemed focusing toward some
definite contamination. According to an
Associated Press dispatch of Tuesday from
London, based upon Swiss reports, the
strike was settled on Monday. But an
other London dispatch of the same date
asserted that the strike still continued and
had spread over practically the whole
country.
1t has been assumed, too, that the
strike was due to scarcity of food, and so
was extensively commented upon in that
sense; but, according to Zurich dispatch
of Tuesday, the strikers were not impelled
by any economic motive at all, but were
only seeking to prevent the prolongation Of
the war for the sake Of lamentations. Final
ly, London again apparently looked at first
with suspicion upon the whole story of
a strike, guessing that it had been "stage-
managed by the government; by Wednes-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

Perhaps the Russian propaganda is also
having some effect. At any rate Austria is
supremely war weary. And the Russian
leaders will foment if possible a revolution
in Austria. Should the war continue much
longer the collapse and disintegraton of the
odd empire would not be astonishing"
"The Daily Kennebec (Me.) Journal
sees that austria realizes the meaning of
Americas weight when she is already
breaking under the strain of hunger, war
WEAKNESS and discomfort that presages
dynastic overthrow"
'The Brooklyn Daily Eagle is some
what cautious in view of many previous
reports predicting that Austria was on
the verge Of collapse, but arrives at the
conclusion that 'Austria-Hungary is fac
ing real crisis just now. Austria-Hun-
gary is hopelessly bankrupt Aus
tria may be forced to go on for little
while, but she is now more of liability
than an asset to Germany"
''The Washington Post" is skeptical. 1t
writes:
"Short-sighted friends of peace argue that
the internal 'debace in the Dual Monarchy
is setting in, that the authority Of the CEN
trail government is on the wane and that. in
consequence, the military effort of the Allies
may be relaxed. 1t is sufficient, they argue,
to allow Austria Hungary to stew in her own
juice; revolutionary movement will set in,
and she will collapse Of her own accord"
To which the editor remarks: ''There
could be no greater error"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

"a mighty wind is blowing across the
Austrian frontier off the Russian steppes,
and on it, like the rich, pungent earth III
on the wind of spring night, swings that
most thrilling of all odors-the breath of
liberty
"The st. Louis Post~Dispatch' con-
cludes that "Austria has become doubt
full asset to Germany" and "The New
York Evening Post" has this hopeful ut
terance:
"Signifcant as events in Austria Hungary
may become at any moment for everybody
concerned, they have a peculiar meaning for
the men at Petrograd; for here at last is the
promise of that which the Bosheviki have
been hoping for"
"The Philadelphia Public Ledger" draws
this conclusion:
"The Vienna strikes reveal how desperate
the internal conditions even in Austria are
becoming, how the patient endurance of
great prvations and suffcrings is nearing
an end. Austria may hang on because there
is nothing else for her to do But if she does
collapse it is not likely that even the Ger
man military party will see much hope of
victory.'
''The Boston Evening Transcript" is i'm
pressed by the widening rift between Aus
tria and Germany:
Germany cannot proceed without Austria,
and at this moment it does not look as if
the Austrians will ever again march against
Russia Rumania.
"In the meantime, the words of Lloyd
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-01-27

The Wheel of Time
Chronos Il shall have to settle it for them after ALL
These cartoons are from Nebelspalfer Zurich Zurich
is in the s0=caiIed German part of Switzerland The
paper in which these cartoons appeared is
printed i'm German.
The Washington times., 1918-10-28
Us TURNS DOWN
4 JAPANESE SHIPS

The japanese government has been
advised that four hulIs which were
transferred to the United States
Shipping Board under q recent in
ter-government ship agreement, have
proved unseaworthy. Replacement
of the ships has been promised.
Shippers OF the four ships refused
to pilot their craft into the war zone
1t was stated. They also have refused
to permit their vessels to BE- armed,
saying that even a three-inch gun
would wreak the hullA
One Of the ships, officials have dis.
covered, was thirty-seven years old.
Another had passed its twentieth
birthday. Rigid investigation revealed
many faults in workmanshIp, Il was
reported.
The agreement through which
these ships came under control of the
shipping board brought q total OF
$4,000 dead weight tons of japanese
shipping under charter to this Gov
ernment for war transportation. In
return for charterinE this tonnage TO
the United States, the War Trade
Board was TO permit the shipment TO
Japan OF one ton OF steel for each two
tons OF shipping delivered.