davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
The Man Who Invented
the Peanut

THE peanut has not always been with
US, as some of the men past fifty
can testify. Indeed, according to The
Pittsburgh Dispatch" that delicacy was
popularized by man who died this sum
mer:
There died the other day at his home
in Norfolk. Va, Thomas B. Rowland. aged
ninety-three, the father of the goober'
TIE present generation OF peanut lovers
probably presumes that we have always had
the peanut, yet men not much past middle
age can recall when peanuts were eaten
almost by stealth, when they were yet to
become a national food familiar on every
ball ground and circus stand. In those DAYS
you could buy quart for a nickel-another
illustration of the Fl. c. of L. in these times
Rowland returned to his native state
after the war to find land of desoation
He entered the produce business. and one
day had the idea that there was posi-
bllty in the peanut, popular comestible
among the Southern natives He tried to
interest some of his Northern customers.
who were dubious and reported peanuts
were hard to sell. Rowland, according to
the story hired the loudest voiced vender
he could find, equipped him with push
cart and rooster, and the cry OF Red
roasted peanuts, five cents a cup.' startled
Northern passersby. Curiosity triumphed
and the peanut came into it's own. The
Italians took them mp, and soon peanut
stands were a familiar part of every street
: scene in the centres of population. One Of
the Italian vendors, petroni by name. had
the enterprise to interview p T Barnum
snd secure concession from him for the
sale of COOLERS at the circus. the first
appearance of the henceforth indispensable
feature of the grandstand and the bleach
ers.
Rowland lived to see the peanut. once
hard to sell, being raised by the millions
of bushels and sold at prices that he never
would have thought possible, extolled by
dieticians, and manufactured into & VARIETY
of foods which have given il the dignity
of q place the menu and among the
staple crops of the country
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
A Weather Glass

THE following directions for making
a weather glass are contr buted to
The Electrical Experimcnter " by G. E.
Spitzmiler:
A test tube about 10 inches long and
e inch in diameter IL fastened to a base or
hung up by wire. In this test tube are
Put drains 0? camphor. u dram Of potas-
sum nitrate, Il dram Of ammonium chic
rids, ounces Of pure alcohol, ounces Of
water n the Ingredients do not mix
esssly tube should be put in warm water
Or shaken thoroughly. After cork is
put in the tube 1t il ready for work.
Following ~ the weather which the
eaanges in the liquid denote:
Clear liquid Bright weather.
Crystals At bottom Thick air, frost in
winter
Dim liquid Rain
Dim liquid With small stars Thunder
stprmz.
Large fakes Heavy mir, overcast sky;
in winter
breads IN upper part Windy weather.
nrhh( dots Darnp weather, fog
n'sing fake2 which remain high Wind
N upper ar.
Gina starr 10 winter on bright, clear.
>1@ da2s~snow in day two"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25


1N Enthusiastically in the act OF
being shlvered--and planks,
which are accepted as the conventional
composite parts Of shipbuilding. Com
mon sense has, however. always added
Conference to these details by the imag-
med use of nails of copper or steel, and
it provides something of shock to find
that in this late day ships are fastened
together with wood l.. c. Everard tells
the story of "treenails,' as they are
called. in the August number of Mum
sey's":
tremendous wooden nails. called tree
nails-trunnels, in shipbulders' parlance
are still used to fasten together the
panking frames and ceiling of wooden
ships The planking is the outer she'll of
the hull, the ceiling the inner, and the
frames form the skeleton incosed between
the inner and outer Shells The wooden
nails have to be of considerable size to
reach through all three thicknesses. In
many instances they are as much as three
feet long and as large in diameter as one
and half inches.
"a hole is bored with an auger through
planking frame and ceiling and the tree
nail is driven home in this with a wooden
mallet. The men who do the work acquire
a muscular development like blacksmith's
in the process, for the treenail is usually
turned larger than the auger hole-some-
times as much as one-sixteenth of an inch
and has to be whacked pretty hard to
drive it in to the head.
"Whittier, who we'll knew the work of
the New England shipbunder, says in IA
miliar poem:
Lay rib to rib and beam to beam,
And d,-ipe the treenails free.
"Unless the nail is of the best quality
and Of straight grain it is likely to broom,
or split under the hammering There is
danger of this even with the best mate
rial and two ways have been suggested for
minimizing the danger. The outer half of
the hole is bored with one auger and the
inner half with an auger one-sixteenth of
an inch smaller. The treenail is tapered
one-sixteenth of an inch from head to
point, or it is turned in two drifts, the half
at the entering end just the size of the
outer part of the auger hole and the half
at the head one-sixteenth larger, each por-
ton of the nail thus being one ixteenth
larger than the hole it must ultimately go
into. nail made in this form can be
simply pushed in half the way and then
hammered home
after the nails are driven the heads are
sawed off even with the planking, a split
ls made in the middle of each head and
wedge is inserted. Some shipbuiders also
wrap the treenails near the head in oakum
before driving them home
THE wedges used nowadays are the full
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

those VINO can Sec--lS de-
scribed in "Sccntifc Mechanics The
publishing of "zegler's Magazine" the
blind mans paper, is complicated task,
as the following exposition suggests:
ain printing newspapers for the blind,
and illustrating them, several highly in
genious machines are employed 1t is d
much more complicated affair to produce
the curious raised letters or signs than to
print in the ordinary way, but the work is
carried on by marvellous labor saving de-
vices, much the same as in regular print
ing Office There are typcsettng machines,
typewrtcrs, machines for producing the
curious blind pictures or illustrations. and
printing presses. No newspaper man OF
printer would feel at home, however, sur
rounded by this unfamiliar looking ma
chncry.
The blind mans newspaper is not print
ed. of course, in any familiar sense of the
word. It's letters or hieroglyphics have
length, breadth and height, as we'll and it
is this third dimension that complexities
the work. 1t should be called punched
or pressed, rather than printed, page
Every detail of the typed word, as we'll as
the illustrations, must be raised high
enough above the surface of the sheet to
be distinctly felt by the sensitive fingers
of the blind reader. The actual work Of
printing is necessarily much slower than
in the case Of ordinary printing. The same
ingenuity which has served to save so much
time and labor in turning out news
paper has rcvolationzcd the process in the
blind mans paper Office.
"Thcre is at present but one publication
in America issued for blind readers. but
the invention of this ingenious time-sav-
ing machinery opens great possibilities. The
blind mans paper, entitled "Zi"gler's Mag
azine" is not for sale on the newsstands,
nor is it hawkcd about by the newsboys
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
a CCORDING to the Continental
"A editor of THE London Mail"

N editor of The London Mail"
many ideas have been sub
mitted to the inventions department of
the Ministry of Munitions. One in ten
may be useful; the others are old or
impracticable.
"a frequent suggestion made to the de-
partment is to attach searchlight to an
anti-aircraft gun, project the light on the
object and shoot along the beam But shells
will not follow the path Of light A plan
put forward to prevent polished railway
lines shining at night was that the last
coach of the last train should drip black
ing them!
proposals include she'll containing
gravel to lay pathway over the mud: and
another containing irritant powder or
sticky substance to hamper machine guns
BY one scheme two guns are to be fired
simultaneously, the shot being connected
by chain to which bombs and incendary
devices are to be attached 1t is clear that
variations in powder or differences in wear
of the gun would make it impossible to
predict which direction the device would
take.
Another favorite subject dismissed as
mechanically unsound is the relay she'll
she'll acting as a small gun discharged in
midair and expelling small inner shell,
the object being to obtain an increased
range The explanation is that a shell in
flight does not point directly along its
trajectory, but makes an uncertain angle
with it, so that accuracy OF aim would be
impossible.
"All kinds of substances have been pro-
posed as fuel. One man had q powder,
he said, which, mixed with water turned
1T into motor spirit, but he declined to dis
close the powders composition.
Electricity, many folk believe, can
achieve anything. 1t is proposed to cleo
trocute the enemy; 10 interfere with mag
netos or compasses of aircraft: to explode
ammunition dumps.
Magnetism is proposed for attracting
and bringing down enemy aircraft-or re
pelllng them-and for diverting falling
bombs
Suggestions are frequently received in
connection with colored searchlights, but
color, it is found, cannot be impaired to
beam without reducing its intrinsic
brilllancy. The most wonderful PROPOSE
ton of all is that of black beam for
obscuring the moon
Among miscellaneous projects are: One
to cool machine guns by placing them in
vacuum jacket, the inventor forgetting
that thermos TASKS keep things hot as we'll
as cold; second to petrify the German
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

CHELL SHOCK is thing that came
upon a world 'unpreparcd. Days
~ and nights of uninterrupted death,
shatterng explosions, mud and
water and hunger and sleeplcssness-all
the concomitants of modern fighting
have caused this peculiar lapse Of brain
and nerves which for want Of Il better
name is called shell shock. Victims of it
we're first put in asylums for the insane
in England, until it was discovered that
their symptoms were not of the usual
recognizable kind Only recently have
scientists been able to discover some of
the fundamental effects Of the displace-
ment Of quantities OF air the brain le-
slons that result from tremendous explo-
sions in the atmosphere NJ. Allen Starr,
emeritus professor Of neurology, writes
llluminatlngly Of the subject in the Au-
gust number Of "Scribncr's Magazinc":
"ln number Of fatal cases recorded
nv +. W. Mott small homorrhagcs, micro
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25
Out of the Many

soldiers by squirting cement over them.
and third to throw live wire cables among
the enemy by means Of rockets
inventions relating to the production of
munitions have been far more practicable
than any others. Mostly they have beeM
put forward by those actually engaged II
the work, who in many cases have them
selves put their ideas into practice"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

MI o. I-nX,ncer
stationed at Washington Barracks, q
battery OF powerful searchights which
in searching planes night Daily
and the becoming quickly rigging their
This picture good Of these
Committee nPutlcn
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-08-25

~ OMANTIC literature has handed
down many words, like oakum,
Il Va Enthusiastically in the act Of
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
SYNNES

Mr.. Steinbring from Hancock was
looking after the Dodge Bros. automo-
bile business in Horton and Synnes last
week.
Isaac Staples was an Alberta caller
Saturday.
Ben Messner from West Bend, Iowa,
visited at the Wm Messner home last
Friday and Saturday. Ben came up to
be examined for military service at Nor
riS.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Zeidler visited at
the Roy Landon home Sunday
Harry Siebrecht who is helping Bill
Heiniger went to his home near Alberta
Saturday evening to spend Sunday.
VIM. Messner was a business caller
in Morris Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Zeidler were in
Morris Saturday.
Lizzie Sauter who is attending school
in NORRIS spent her vacation at the home
of her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Sauter.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bill Heiniger visited at
Lawson Barker's Sunday.
Vera Zeidler visited at the Bahnsen
home Saturday and Sunday.
Mr.. Louis Foley and son and daugh-
ter Michael and Margaret went to Nor
ris Saturday and returned home Sun
day.
Reinhold Reimers spent Sunday at the
Isaac Staples home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Corcoran and chill
dren were in Morris Saturday and Sun
day.
Della and Paul Messner spent Sunday
at the Morehead home.
Mr.. Wilmson visited at the Pete Stah-
man home Sunday.
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05

undoubtedly change his profession from
photographer to auctioneer due to his
marvellous success. The baskets brought
the sum of SAT, which is to be used for
advancing the work of the Red Cross.
Mr.. Henry Bahr bought several sheep
from Mr.. Freeman last week.
Leila Edwards returned to Norris to
resume her studies after a weeks va
cation
Miss Gladys Freeman and Johnnie
Edwards visited Seversons Sunday eve
ming.
Miss Edna Hawkinson who has been
keeping house for her brother Martin
the 'ast two weeks, called on Clara
Sunquist last Thursday afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Hawkinson and
young son were at Fred's home last
Sunday. Little Mr.. HaWllinSon made
his first step into society on that day.
The Paulsons who are in quarantine
for scarlet fever are doing nicely.
Charles Glover has been moving seed
barley from Freeman's farm to his
home this week.
Mildred Hawkinson was in Morris last
Tuesday where she is attending Luth-
eran parOchial school
The school in district number eight
was closed Friday to celebrate Good
Friday
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
CITATION FOR HEARING ON PETI-
TON TO MORTGAGE LAND

Estate of George H. Ginnow, Ward.
State of Minnesota County of Stevens,
in Probate Court.
In the matter of the estate of George
H. Ginnow, Ward.
The State of Minnesota to George H.
Ginnow Edith Ginnow, and all persons
interested in the mortgaging of certain
lands belonging to said George H. Gin
now, Ward. The petition of Edith Gin
now as representative of the above
named Ward, being duly filed in this
court, representing that it is necessary
and for the best interest of said estate
and of all interested therein that certain
lands of said Ward described therein be
mortgaged and praying that license be
to her granted to mortgage the same.
Now, Therefore, You and each Of you,
are hereby cited and required to show
cause if any you have, before this court,
at the Probate Court Rooms, in the
Court House in the City Of Morris,
County of Stevens, State of Minnesota,
on the 29th day of April, 1918, at one
o'clock P. M, why the prayer Of said
petition should not be granted.
Witness, The judge of said court, and
the seal of said court, this 3rd day Of
April, 1918.
(Court SeaD A. L. STENGER,
Judge of Probate Court.
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
X r A rtrnent
- NHHH>> HG 1R INN
L l.


take a little responsibility, can care
for few fowls as we'll as grown
person.
Every back yard should contribute
its share to bumper crop" Of
poultry and eggs in 1918. Perhaps
not all will find it profitable to raise
chicks in town, but nearly everyone
can well keep a few hens. The OBJ
lection to the "crowing of the cock"
can be overcome by keeping no cock.
This will not affect egg production in
the least.
The house for the back yard flock
should be inexpensive. A piano box
or other large boxes may readily be
converted into a suitable residence
for the hens, and the runs may be
very small.
Good hens, we'll cared for, will pro-
duce from 10 to Is dozens eggs an
nually.
In time of peace, the back yard
flock may be regarded as a profitable
recreation.
LII I1lllC VI WdI, q petIiAoIAS uuCJ'
Buy a few hens and start in at
once. All hens are laying now or
will be soon.
For information about methods Of
back yard poultry keeping write the
University Farm, st. Paul, Poultry
Div. Room "a, or U. S. Dept. of Agrt.,
Washington, D. G.
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
Minnesota Horses for Artillery

Minnesota Horses for Artillery
The United States government Is
sending George w. Winterburn, lieut.
entant-colonel Of the quartermasters
corps, to Minnesota and other north
ern states to purchase siege artillery
horses for the army.
Col Winterburn in conference
with DR.. Carl W. Gay, at University
Farm, recently announced the de-
tails of the plans. He said that he
was to get IL carloads of animals
from Minnesota, one carload from
each inspection point on the first
round, the inspection point to be an
nounced later.
Col. Winterburn said that the gov
ernment would pay 5000 for each
animal accepted according to the fol-
lowing description: geldings, though
Is per cent will be accepted in
mares; between the ages Of 5 and 10
years; sorrels, bays, blacks, and bays
with white markings; weight be-
tween 1,4OO and 100 pounds;
height between 16 and II hands;
sound, gentle and broke to harness;
without material blemish or defect;
passed the ma1lein test for glanders.
DR.. Gay has been an advocate Of
the direct purchase from farmers and
is, therefore, very anxious that this
first attempt on the part Of the gov
ernment to buy from the farmers in
Minnesota shall prove a success.
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
Manure Adds to Corn Crop

Auu0 w OVAA SA~F
An application of eight or ten ton
of farm manure to the acre on land
that is to grow corn will result In
a very much better corn crop, espe-
ciallv if the manure is taken directly
from the barn to the field, and spread
as it is hauled Corn, being a gross
feeder. readily takes up the available
elements and leaves the land in bet
ter shape for a grain crop the next
year.
When corn land is not available
manure may be applied to other land.
Top-dressing meadow lands with the
manure spreader or even top-dressing
pasture with light Applications
proves very profitable.
The late winter and early spring
DAYS are often not very pro1tably
employed on many farms. Where
the condition of the fields and the
roads will permit time could be pro-
fitably employed in getting manure
from the yards and barns directly
to the fields. This saves time dur
ing the cropping season and gives
the crops the benefit of the appl1-
cation, resulting in larger yields.
Barnyard manure has proved the
most valuable fertilizer for farm
crops in most parts of the northwest.
Yet it is estimated that no more than
so per cent of the fertilizing value
of manure ever reaches the fields.
The loss is caused by poor methods OF
handling. Very often the manure is
thrown out into the yard to be
tramped over by the livestock, re-
naming there for the greater part
of the summer to be washed out and
left under the caves OF the parn 10
heat and leach. Frequently 1t Is
mposed.-Andrew Boss, MINI.
Elk. Station.
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
CITATION FOR HEARING ON PETI-
TION FOR ADMINISTRATION.

AAON GOJ
Estate of Thomas w. MCLEAN, De-
STATE OF MINNESOTA, County of
Stevens, In Probate Court
In the Matter of the Estate of Thom-
as w. MCLEAN, Decedent
THE STATE OF MINNESOTA to An
ME MCLEAN, Elizabeth MCLEAN, Anna
MCLEAN, Edward Mclean, John Nc
Clean, Earl MCLEAN, Hope Mclean,
Ella MCLEAN, Rose MCLEAN Daily, and
all persons interested in the granting
of administration of the estate of said
decedent:
The petition of Annie Mclean having
been filed in this Court representing
dent of the County of Brown, State of
South Dakota, died intestate on the End
day of May, 1911, and praying that let
terS of administration of his estate be
granted to A. r. Hensch, and the Court
having fixed the time and place for
hearing said petition;
THEREFORE,, YOU, AND EACH OF
you, are hereby cited and required to
show cause, if any you have, before this
Court at the Probate Court Rooms in
the Court House, in the City of Norris,
nesota, on the 18th day of April, 1913, at
not be granted.
WITNESS, the Judge of said Court,
and the Seal of said Court, this 18th
day of March, 1918.
A. L. sTENGER,
Court Seal) Probate Judge.
HENRY G. WYVELL and
w. e. PURCELL,
Attorneys for Petitioner,
Breckenridge, Minnesota.
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05

spent Sunday with relatives at Hancock.
Master Richard Smokstad returned with
them.
Mahlon Mowery is spending his va
cation at his home in Barry
Mrs f. Doyle is on the sick list this
week
Geo. Britt and family spent Sunday
with the A. F. Fluegel family of AL
berta.
Miss Agnes Holman went to Morris
Friday evening, returning to her school
Monday morning.
Among the boys from here who are
attending the short course at Norris this
week are John McNally, Ralph Conroy
Raymond Peterson, Micheal Flynn
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
THE GREAT WAR HAS MADE
CIGARETTES A NECESSITY

"Our boys must have their smokes.
Send them cigarettes!" This is
familiar appeal now to all of us.
Among those most in demand is
the now famous toasted" cigarette
LUCKY STRIKE. Thousands of this
favorite brand have been shipped to
France. There is something home.
like and friendly to the boys in the
sight of the familiar green packages
with the red circle.
This homelike, appetizing quality
of the LUCKY STRIKE cigarette is
largely due to the fact that the Burley
tobacco used in making it has been
toasted. "It's toasted" was the "slo.
gan" that made great success of
LUCKY STRIKE in less than year.
Now the American Tobacco Co. is
making Is million LUCKY STRIKE
Cigarettes day.
A good part of this immense pro-
duction is making it's way across the
water to cheer our boys
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
Rack Yard Poultry

Uncle Sam expects you to keep
hens and raise chickens, even though
you do reside in town or city.
Two hens in the back yard for
each person in the house will keep
a family in fresh eggs.
The smallest back yard has room
for a flock large enough to supply
the house with eggs. The cost Of
maintaining such a flock is small.
Table and kitchen waste provides
much of the feed for the hens and
they require but little attention.
An interested child, old enough to
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
Barberry Eradication Day, May 4

Minnesota and the federal govern
ment have mapped out a campaign
for the complete destruction of the
natural ally of black stem rust OF
wheat and other cereal crops which,
in 1915, robbed Minnesota's farmers
of about 3O,0OO,000 bushels of wheat.
The first move in this campaign
was the recent action of the Commits
sion of Public Safety declaring May
4 as Barberry Eradication Day. On
that day all patriotic citizens of the
state including the boys and girls of
the schools will be asked to make a
special effort to find and destroy all
common barberry plants in their sew
eral communities.
This action was taken at the sug-
gestion of E. M. Freeman, dean of
the college of agriculture and head
of the division which treats with
plant diseases.
The common barberry is known to
of the chief sources from which GER
cal crops become infected. Ihere are
two common forms-the green and
the purple. They grow from four to
eight feet tall. In the spring, spores
of the black stem rust from wheat
stubble are blown into the air and
fall on barberry leaves in the vicin-
ity. The rust develops on the bar
berry leaves from early in May until
about June Is. The rust spores pro-
duced are then carried by the wind
to the wheat fields and to other GER
eals often causing the loss of ten of
millions of dollars.
Care should be taken in attempt
ing to eradicate the common bar
berry not to disturb the japanese
barberry which does not ~harbor the
rust itself.
Morris tribune., 1918-04-05
HODGES

Otto Sewerson's name does not ap-
pear in the paper this week.
The Liberty Loan Rally held in the
school house of district number nine
was a real success. About eighty people
attended. Miss Nigaard gave nice pro-
gram after which T. J. Mangan, DR.. John
Harris and Mr.. Crichet spoke on various
phases of the coming campaign. A very
pleasant surprise was in the form of the
Home Guard Quartette of Co. "a" con-
sisting of Messrs Kreiss, Hope,
Schweihard and Voss. Mr.. Voss dressed
as a jew, acted as auctioneer. He will