davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06

their breathing was less affected by
 overt xertion.
 It was on the basis of these experi-
 ments that the German surgeons recom-
 mended that the sugar ration for the
 army be increased, and that it be given
 the mer in their coffee and in pre- serves or honey or in sWeetened food.
 At the beginning of this war the Ger mans tried to reduce the size of their sugar crop in order to use more of the ground for potatoes and cereals. The result was a shortage of sugar, which affected the army. The second year, they planted more beets and they have now resumed the old sugar rations.
 Indeed, the beet sugar industry was started owing to the sugar needs of an army. It was when Napoleon Bonaparte was at war with England and the ports | of Grance were so blockaded that there | was no sugar for the French soldiers. Some years previous to that scientist tnamed Margraf had discovered that beets
 contained sugar, and later on a pupil of his named Achard established the first beet sugar factory. He announced the
 success of his experiments to the Scien- tific institute of France in 1799. and e little later Napoleon tried to sweeten his army with beets. At any rate, he of fered a prize of 100000 francs, or $2u, 600, | to anyone who would make a success of extracting sugar from beets, and the result was number of factories Dur 1 Irg the next decade the Germans be- gan to experiment along the same lines, and their government offered bounties of 1 so rnuen per pound on all beet sugar
 made in their country. These move
 ments formed the foundation of the beet sugar industry of Europe, which when this war began was yielding almost one | half of the sugar supply of the world. l The amount then made was enough to | give 10 pounds to every man, woman and 1 child upon earth. The sugar beet can l be raised in large part of the tenn | perate zone, and it is question whether. after the war is ended, the beet sugar | pr oduct will not surpass the cane sugar product. At present the land in the two crops is about equal. The world over,
 there is now something like 6,00000 acres
 devoted to cane every year and about
 e.O00No0 acres devoted to tho sugar beet | The total area in sugar is thus about
 12, ,O00.000 acres, so little that if all the
 plantations could be joined together they would net cover a space more than half
 the size of either Ohio or Kentucky.
 ] It is now ITO years since Margraf
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06

hotels. One of the largest has on it's menu this item: Sugar, two Jumps, cents; powdered sugar, portion, 10 cents.
 I do not know the exact size of the portion of powdered sugar allowed, but venture to say it is not more than one or two tablespoonfuls. The amount in dicated by Jumps is better defined They are cubes of white sweetness or the dominoes which are bit larger. In order to see just how much this ho- tel gets for It's sugar, I have weighed out a pound on my postoffice scales. By actual count it contained 62 dom inoes or Jumps, which, at the rate or cents for two, equals $1.o5 per pound.
 It may be that the hotel charges this high price to restrict the consumption, but I doubt it. In the height of the roasting ear season l have paid there as much as 25 cents for one ear of corn. Now it takes 500 large ears to make a barrel of field corn, which even at the present high prices, cost but little more than 1 cent per ear. At the rate of 25 cents per ear, that hotel gets s150 barrel for its corn, and, If so, why not this price for sugar?
 Copyright, 1917, by F. G. Carpenter)
 Washington. D. c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06
SUGAR AS A WAR ASSET-By Frank G. Carpenter

as Is needed to buy Belgium its food
 supply for one year. The amount of sugar we use in making confectionery is in the neighborhood of S00,000,000 pounds per annum, and this sold at the low rate of 25 cents per pound equals $200, 900. 900. In fact, we are now
 spending two-thirds as much for our
 candy we are spending for butter, and one-third as much as for our wheat
 flour. If the women and children could
 cut their candy consumption in half. we should have hundreds of millions of pounds more sugar for export, and at
 the same time a much larger sum to
 give to such charities as the Red Cross and the Y. M. c. A. war fund.
 Moreover, candy is the most expen- sive form in which sugar Is sold Candy costs all the way from 15 cents to $1 a pound. according to the varieties. to who makes it and where 1t Is bought.
 The price of sugar as regulated by the food administration is practically re- stricted to or 10 cents a pound, and
 the candy in which the same sugar contents are sold at $1 must be, one
 would think, 75 cents pure profit
 Another extravagant place to buy su- gar Is in some of the New York city
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06

discovered sugar in beets, and beet sugar as an industry is only about 100 years old. Cane sugar is said to have been known to the Chinese something like 5000 years ago. The plant was taken from China to India and from there Jumps of sugar were carried to Greece, where it bore the name of In- dian salt It was also called "honey from reeds" and said to be white and brittle like gum.
 Some claim that sugar originated in India, and the Hindoos have a legend that one of their saints created sugar cane and made sugar in order that he
 might use it as a heavenly food for a
 prince who wanted to have the delights
 of paradise while still upon earth
 Later sugar was confounded with mama some supposing it to have been the miraculous food of the children of Israel upon their march across Sinai, and in the middle ages the crusaders brought back some from Palestine which probably had come there from Africa, where 1t was known for a long time before 1t arrived in Europe. In
 126O A. D. sugar was sold in Yondon for TT cents a pound, and in 159S a Ger man traveller, in speaking of Queen Elizabeth of England then 65 years of age, said: Her nose Is little hooked,
 her lips narrow and her teeth black, a defect the English seem subject to from their great use of sugar.
 Sugar came to this continent with Columbus. He is said to have planted it in Santo Domingo Tn 14sS. little later it was introduced into Cuba, and after negro slavery was inaugurated there, the industry rapidly grew. In the seventeenth century, when the island had only 50,000 people, it had 1e0 sugar plantations. Today Cuba produces more sugar than any other part of the world. Its crop last year
 was about 5000, 100000 pounds. in com parison with India a little more than | 5000, 900, 900 and Java about 2,500, ,000, 900. During that year Europe produced | 10000. 100000 pounds of beet sugar. the
 product coming mainly from Germany,
 Austria and Russia, with smaller
 amounts from Belgium and France. All
 of these countries formerly exported sugar to England, and this supply has
 of course, been cut off.
 | As to cane sugar, 1t is raised in scat 1 tering patches throughout the tropical ] world. l have seen the caAS growing
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06

i, in Porto Rico, Cuba and others of the West India Islands. Some of the finest sugar lands of the world are the vol canic soil of Hawaii and Java, and we have millions of acres In the Philip hines that might be used for the crop. British India has at times led the world in cane sugar production, and the crop of Java is so great that it has now a surulus of 1600, 0,000, ,000 pounds sor export It is tied up there because the merchant vessels belonging to the Dutch which usually bring the sugar to the United States and Europe have been kept in New York owing to our refusal to give them cargoes of grain to carry across the ocean to Europe
 Among the other cane sugar countries are Australia, Fiji and some scattering ] islands of the Pacific and Indian I oceans belonging to England. The cane
 grows we'll in Brazil and Argentina, and i I have seen it twice as high as my head in the irrigated valleys of Peru | There are also irrigated sugar p(anta-
 tions on the banks of the Nile near | Cairo. In fact, the cane grows here | and there in the tropics all over thu world, and if it were not for the sub- marines and other dangers to shipping I Europe would have her normal supply | and to spare.
 l A short time ago published a letter from Louisiana showing how our cane sugar area is confined to Louisiana and Texas The sugar lands there are com-
 paratively limited, and we shall not 1 be able to grow enough cane sugar for | our needs, outside our colonial posses sions It is different with the Philip
 pines Hawaii and Porto Rico and the new islands we have recently bought from Denmark. They all have good sugar soil, and the Philippines could feed 8 large part of our people.
 1 As to our beet sugar area. 1t is so great that we could grow enough beets
 to supply every pound of sugar we use and still have surplus to sell to other
 parts of the world. The sugar beet can be grown anywhere from Maine to Call I fornia and from the great lakes to the l Ohio river. It needs cool nights and moderately warm days, and 1t thrives
 best along the isothermal line of 70 de- | grees. I have seen it in Utah and Cali l fornia, where are some of the largest
 beet sugar fields of the world
 ] The sugar beets look much like those in your garden and they are cultivated
 in about the same way. The seed is sown
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06
SYLACAUGA

Sylacauga. January 5.-(Special )-The Baptist ministers conference of the Coosa River association will hold its monthly session with the First Baptist church at Talladega on January '. Those who are to take part in the meeting as per the programme are: Rev. F. G. Null len, w. c. Cooper, Dr. J. M Thomas. Other subjects will be discussed by any minister who is present.
 The home demonstration workers are planning to give demonstrations of the making of war bread' in the county next week. Meetings have been an nounced for McElderry, Alpine. Lincoln and Sylacauga. where Miss Ann R. Da- wis, county demonstration agent. will show to those attending special instruc- tion in the baking of various kinds ot breads to substitute for wheat cookings
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06

0NHE sugar industry has gone un-
 der the control of the govern
 Jl ment, and the food administra-
 tion urges that each of us cut down the amount of sugar he is using an his tea and coffee and In candies and ake, so that we may have a greater E, lrply to send to our allies in Europe. ri lere is a sugar famine in France, Eng lai Id and Italy, and the ration now gwen to tthe French soldiers in the trenches IS not more than a small lump per day Many of the people of France have no sugar at all, and MT. Hoover has prom ised ito ship them 100000 tons as soon as the a,tuff can be sent over the ocean. The mount the English are using now averages only about one ounce every "A hours and the Italians have still shorten supply.
 It is Astrange to think of sugar as a war asset but it has been found to be a vital necessity to the men in the trenches. and to the soldiers engaged in all sortsllof labor. It is one of the most easily dEested of foods and the rapid ity with (which it goes into the system enables H to ward off fatigue. This is one of the reasons why sugar is so much relisIhed by children and by men doing muscular work. The farmers eat & great deal of sweets and the same IS true of all those who work hard in the open air Mot long ago studies in the winte- camps; of the Maine woods showed that the lurnYbermen eat enormous quan- titles of cakes, molasses and sugar, and that 10 per cent of their energy comes from that diet Sugar is also valuable to keep out the cold of the trenches. It is a great heat producer and is always taken as part of the outfit of polar expeditions. It is used also by noun tain climbers and especially the guides of the Swiss Alps.
 The value of sugar to the soldier in the field is well known to the Germans. Long before this war began they made experiments which showed that the men could do more work and stand more hardship if they had a liberal allowance of sugar. On the long marches it was found that it appeased hunger and miti- gated thirst, and that while the men without sugar dropped on the way, none of those supplied with it were overcome by exhaustion. The sugar users were found to have better pulse rate and
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06
DECATUR

Decatur. January 5-(Special. )-While making run to fire in the office of E. IT. Peck in Albany, Fire Chief Sox Serber and Assistant Will Erwin were painfully injured by the big fire wagon turning turtle. An automobile had drawn up in front of the fire wagon and stopped at the curbing and the fire wagon made a quick plunge to the side to avoid the automobile. Both men were painfully. injured.
 Little Owen," aged years, was taken to Birmingham today by Ralph s. Bar row, superintendent of the Alabama Chill dren's Aid society. A home will be found for the little fellow. He was left an orphan sometime ago.
 The first Morgan county colored soldier to die at Camp Dodge la. was James Johson, who died there a few days ago of pneumonia. His body reached here today. The father of the dead soldier is Cal Johnson, who owns farm near De- catur worth $5000.
 John D. McNeel of Birmingham, an in- come tax collector for the government, will be at the county courthouse in De- catur January IT to February IA, and at pose of collecting income taxes
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-01-06

Take the single item of candy which
 you send to your sweetheart in boxes ranging from one to five pounds. If all the sugar we use in making con fectionery could be sent to Italy 1t would double that country's supply. In 1917 we spent for candy twice as much
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
DIR. WHEELER
EXPLAINS STAND
SCity's New Mayor Makes
Statement Regarding
Official Changes.

Editor of the Herald:
j am constrained to ask for brief
space in which to reply to the editorial
I'm the Sunday mornings edition anent
the mayorality situation.
S. When rendered the nomination, by
the committee mentioned, the chair
man stated that I had been chosen
from a belief in my capacity and in
stegrity. Also with a sure conviction
that in my appointments / would be
9fatr8fO both factions and give a good
business administration.
am trying to live up to this con-
tract in spirit and in letter. In siz-
sp6rflnents in which there was more or
les1crIticism and friction. In one Of
found the basis to be purely.
s~EaGtional and sentimental. The OBJ
Y33cf0rS were forced to admit that eff.
SEfeMcys would be impaired by making
EfASeSchaDge they desired: I dismissed
S1S6iasas unworthy Of further consider
Aakt0ns In the other three cases, the
SEftt5ciSm was not factional but gem
S1Saf and widespread and would not
SssAfs1ttM the interest Of efficiency
6ESIlvue harmony, am making
SE &Gt21in these Departments and no
3f5SGxsS8hstruthfuiiy accuse meSof favor
fSSafaNsfaetton You ii 18TH Mayor
SN&6ead of this city Goxernrnent.
g3tystssponstbis.f q the character Of
<8&g6Gplcyees He ought to be nj
MSo4eonAh3e 1atftude KING
&SkssssIh at IN I ask. III would
3feEASlfftNch apprectAte = explicit de-
151a0 Whist ssreAsonabls 1atifrdey
aMsths city foree. nm askins
H@GoHMcn 10 c0ntlrm hut sf6o
Ls#Sln yieHo en- yosrs 80
~
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16

Oh. The tat. quota allotted to vs.
grows ever smaller. spices are nov
scarcely obtainable, and h supsti-
;tute spices have q bad flavor. Tne
vegetable supply Is now limited 70
kohlrabi and turnips."
"A pessimistic article on the potato
situation BY a member Of the Prussian,
house Of deputies says that h acre
age under. potatoes has decreased by
as compared with the peace
less" he says, '.but the demand liz
greater, and q crop double that Of
peace time would not fully suffice"
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
CRANE FoRKs. Nd. TuEsDAY APRL Is, 1918.

no chance ofsthe potato ratiOnEsbeing
Increased butsswe must thing our
selves lucky tfs AZ isS m~aintained at$dts
present level. The Bavarian minister
said he hoped the bread ration might
not have to be reduced sandt8that the
meat ration nay be kept at Its pres-
emit height. but there was little conli~
dence In the, tone Of this assertion.
Special preparations OF cereals, on
which many hopes were based few
ket in any considerable quantities,
and ;theEpublic must wait for d daily
ration AZ half a %teacupful.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16

acknowledgements Of The equality
lof food being supplied at the public:
kitchens throughout Germany, appear
insthe newspapers. The director OF
public kitchens, Al reply TO these at
tacks.s issuedNthe following statement:
with the continuance of the war.
the quality Of the materials we re-
,ceive \ becomes 3evenSspoorer. and the
choice more limited. We are com
go without. Complaints OF defective
quality n simply ignored, and II we
insist upon receiving a regular supply,
run the risk of being entirely cut
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
Cold Weather Starting Easy!
Electric Primer makes low grade gasoline
act like old-time highest grade. SPARK
plugs stay clean. Raw gasoline in cylin-
ders prevented.

Positioe Ignition.
Feeble Battery trouble obviated. In
starting, the Franklin owner cuts in the
.buzzer on his Master Vibrator and gets a
fat, hot spark that fires the mixture.
Quick Response to Starter.
Starting device has vigorous action; bat
terry has big reserve. No hesitation in
the Franklin when you switch on the
starter.
Tire Mileage.
Franklin Light Weight and F1exibility
always produced remarkable tire mileage.
33x412 inch cord tires now on all types
assures even greater tire-reliability.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
Gloomy View Taken
On Food Situation
Ii German Empire

Amsterdam. April 16.-A gloomy
view Of the food situation in Ger
many was outlined by DR.. Won Bret
terich. the 'Bavarian minister OF the
interior, in q forecast which has ap-
peared' ~; the Berlin newspapers. The.
public was told,that mot only is there
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16

word peace has many ss~ignifications.
Possibly, We shall have to revise our
understanding OF the word harmony.
Definitions seem nowadays to bear
la strong Impress from the side t"--
tnishing them. l am yours for hars
mony IN the good old fashioned mea4i-
ing Of the term as I understand 1t.
3 H. NJ. WHEELER.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
Up Cylinder Wear.

Takes Up Cylinder Wear.
Latest construction automatically takes up
cylinder wear, which in average engine,
usually means leaks in compression.
Franklin retains responsiveness of a well
worked in car, even after considerable
running.
Intake Yoke Heater,
Quick warming up Of mixture assured by
using exhaust gases. Original with the
Franklin; perfected in today'scar.
Lessons Repair Bills!
Air Intake Strainer keeps road dust, grit,
ETC., out Of engine Intervals. a new
device that cuts down wear in cylinders,
valves, pistons, ETC., and lessons your
repair bills.
No More Grease Troubles!
No more botherins with messy Grease
Cups! New Oil Reservoir and Wick
System on today's Franklin prevents this
trouble.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
THE SACRAMENT. 1918.

THE SACRAMENT. 1913. N
Oh living wall Of struggling
will: rs
Between us and the awful threat
You stand vi%carious.
o living water. Of shed blood
That fills anew the cup OF sacrifice.
Cleanse us Of vanity.
o living bread OF broken flesn,'
Atonement offered once. again
Revive In, us humility.
O living cross that hourly multipIes
Against the misty skyline OF u lives,
Self cruelty.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
844ZPowr delivered Is Pear Wheels
Test by Worcester Polytechnic Institute 1llQl4 :,

have sensed the force Of that community spirit which has
made conservation the livest issue in the country. And
you, like the rest, will heed that spirit
Therefore, you will put your motoring costs on the
strict basis Of Efficient Econo1ny-the Economy that
decreases neither your activities nor the Nations resources.
And when you have come to do this, then you will
come finally and logically to the Franklin, the most
efficient car in America For in these acid-test times, every
buyer is a close buyer-and only facts can sway him.
The facts about the Franklin are here, publicly
facts-for on your consideration depends your motor car
costs.for 1913.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
Q Itbsrty bond

Domestic bliss is simple. II the
husband buys his wife pretty clothes
and she feeds him well the rest Is
easy.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16
TIE FRANKLIN CAR Of TODAY

contains the latest features that
mean Franklin Efficiencv-intensifed.
Every, one of these features has drawn
the concentrated attention of motorists
for they are positive steps to a still
higher level Of motoring perfection.
The chart at the top of this adver-
tsement demonstrates Franklin Econ
omy. But only a ride in the car itself
will reveal the ease Of handling, safety,
convenience, comfort, reliability and
easy Municipalities to which Frank
lin owners are accustomed.
Therefore, we ask you to ride in the
Garland to check us up On every one
Of them.
The Franklin is designed to meet
the big preponderance of motoring re-
quiremcnts-eight types.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-04-16

7 ME above chart is the exact difference between
Franklin facts and the usual economy claims.
Here, at a glance, are the actual performances
that resulted in a Franklin sales increase last year. of 135
percent, against the IL percent increase of all other
fine cars.
Waste is under indictment in this country. The
spirit of the times not alone counsels, but conpels con-
strucdve economy. Applied to motor cars, this spirit has
crystalized into the blunt demand: Does your car deliver
Service-without waste? :.
The Franklin car has answered with actual facts
not empty claims; with perfornances-not promises.
You, like every other alert and vigorous American.
81 ~ = 4<# 5
THE FRANKLIN
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-10-10
buy Liberty Hoads-
WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD
REQUIRES WORK APPROVED

Washington. Oct "a circular re-
GENTLY issued by the war Industries
board calls attention To the fact that
no permits or licenses will be re-
quired by the board far public high
way improvements and state pave-
ments when expressly approved in
writing by the United States high
ways council. The highways council
cans this statement to the attention
OF state, county and city officials. some
Of whom have shown confusion as
to what federal approval Is necessary
Tor this class of construction work.
More than 5000 applications for
approval of highway projects have
heen received by the council.
The United States employment SER
wee IS now represented in the MEM
herShip of the council The other
federal agencies represented are the
war department. railroad administra-
ton. fuel administration war indus
tries board and bureau of public
roads of the United States department
OF agriculture