davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
in Autos
Rout Gloom of
Soldiers at Upton
A. A. A. Free Transporta-
ton Service Proves Boon
to Fighters Relatives

The American Automobile Associa-
tion's free transportation service to
Camp Upton demonstrated conclusively
yesterday that, all obstacles notwith-
standing, it is the unfailing link con-
Meeting scores Of new National Army
men and their homes.
The early morning sunshine seemed
to Morris Brownsticn, OF the Depot
Brigade, as pure mockery, rubbing it
in,' as the army puts it. To fully
seventy-five others the promise of a
perfect day had the same dreary sig
nifcance.
Private Brownstien had confidently
expected a visit from his sitter and
her tiny daughter, to whom he had
been literally daddy. But the night
before a stunning elegram-Private
Brownstien is very new to the army
and has thoughts that persist in wan
dering homeward and to his loved ones
had been received by him. The big
busses, of the American Automobile
Association in which Baby Pearl and
his sister were to come, would be un-
able to make. the trip. The chauffeurs
had been pressed into service to run
trolley cars because of some strike,
some place.
The news came to his seventy-five
comrades also. And they, like Brown
stien, decided to "put a bid in" for a
pass, if only for a few hours. But
again they met disheartening barrier.
The railroad special privilege fare.
81 L,x Il -
diers, had been withdrawn and S4.22
stood between them and home. even
if they did secure the coveted passes.
1t was a night Of mourning.
But in New York James A. Hem
street, manager of the A. A. A. tour
ing bureau, and Miss Nettie Miller
were ruthlessly disturbing the sleep
of numerous car owners by persistent
telephoning. AS early as s o'clock they
Began their soliciting for cars, and
more cars.
Some had been obtained at the
eleventh and twelfth hours on Sat
up Persons who had previously trans
ported relatives of soldiers were petit
toned first, because they had seen
what it meant to the visitors and the
visited.
William S. Gahagan, of Al Ridge.
wood Avenue, had expected to take his
his seven passenger machine. -Four
weeks ago he had taken Ave people
to the camp. He heard Mr.. Hemstreet's
appeal and without a moments hesita-
tion offered his car and the services
of his daughter Ethel as chauffeur. II
was Miss Gahagan who carried the
sister and foster child of Private
Brownstein into camp just before
noon.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
War Department Names
Expeditionary Chief as
One to Confer Awards
Service Cross for Allies
Formal Ceremonies of Deco
ration Include Review of
Troops When Possible
Especial Dispatch to The Tribunal

Especial Dispatch to The Tribune)
WASHINGTON, June 9.-The presen-
taton of medals of honor and distin-
guished service crosses and medals to
american lighters will be made by Gen
eral Pershing himself wherever prac-
ticable, the War Department announced
to-day. Instructions issued by the COM
mander in chief of the overseas forces
to guide his officers in awarding the
decorations for gallantry and heroism
st the front describe the acts for which
recognition is given.
Both the medal of honor and the dis
tlnguished service crosses are awarded
TOR gallantry in action. The medal Of
fonor is awarded only to officers and
soldiers in the American army. The
award of the distinguished service
cross is confined to any one who may
distinguish himself or herself by extra
ordinary heroism in connection with
military operations against an armed
enemy of the United States under cir
cumstances which do not justify the
award of the medal of honor, and may
he awarded to any person who, while
serving in any capacity with the army,
Allies Are Included
The distinguished service medal is
awarded for exceptionally meritorious
service and will be confined to any one
who distinguishes himself or herself
by exceptionally meritorious service to
the government in a duty of great re-
sponsibility in time of war or in con-
ncction with operations against an
armed enemy Of the United States. The
War Department holds that the award
ing of the distinguished service cross
and medal be made to include officers
and enlisted men of the Allied forces
The following tests are to be applied
tn all cases recommended for the medal
of honor:
"Men who have performed in an
action deeds of most distinguished per-
sonal bravery and self sacrifice above
and beyond all call of duty, SO con-
spicuous as clearly to distinguish them
for gallantry and intrepidity above
their comrades; service which involves
risk of life or the performance of more
than ordinarily hazardous service, and
The omission of which would not justly
shortcomings of failure in the perfor
nance of his duty"
Troops To Be Reviewed
When it is impracticable for the com
mander in chief to be present at the
ceremony of presentation, the army
corps or division commander will be
asked by the commander in chief te
make the presentation in his name
When practicable the actual presenta
! ticn of the. medal of honor, the dis
tinguished service cross Or the distin
guished service medal will be accom-
panied by formal review. If prac;.
ticable not less than one battalion viii
take part in the review. The division
commander will receive the review ane
personally present the awards.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
West Point "June Week"

WEST POINT, N. Y, June e.-The
June Week" exercises wers ushered
in to-day with the baccalaureate SER
mon to the graduating class delivered
by the Rev. II. Percy Silver, chaplain
Of the academy. The big church on
Chapel Hill was we'll filled with the
corps Of cadets and their friends. The
last Sunday evening parade for the
class Of 1919, which will graduate a
year ahead of time next Wednesday,
was largely attended tonight.
The standing of the graduating class
has been officially announced. Cadet
John Paul Dean, of Worcester, Mass,
is honor man. Patrick II. Timothy,
Ohio, is No. g, and II. J. Casey. New
York, No. 3. Cadet F. V. Kimble,
Texas. is goat" or the last man in
the class. He is brother of Major
KEmble, of the Engineer Corps, who
was killed in France last month and
who graduated No. 2 IN the class OK
1916. Cadet Ken Wang, a Chinese,
will graduate high up on the list, his
standing being given as No. IL in the
official reckoning.
Tomorrow morning the annual out
door athletic meet will be held on the
:,lain, and in the afternoon the Army
baseball team will play its final game
OF the season with q team from Camp
Merritt, New Jersey.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
Government Opens
Its First Factory
For Filling Shells
Three Others, Costing Five
Millions Each, To Be in
Operation Soon
LSnecinI pisnntch to The Tribnnel

Especial Dispatch to The Tribune)
WASHINGTC%, June 9.-The Ameri-
can governments first plant for the
filling of shells with explosives has
been completed and is now in active
operation, Brigadier General c. c. Will
Jams, acting chief of ordnance, an
nounced to-day. The plant was con-
structed for the government by pri-
vate company. Its location is withheld
for military reasons.
A second plant is expected to start
operation later this month, with third
beginning in July and the fourth in
August All of them it is thought, will
be in operation within six months from
the date on which construction was be-
gun. They were authorized by Con-
gress in December. to cost s5,000,0o0
each, and they will range from 1000 to
5000 acres in extent.
Plans call for a total daily loading
in these four plants of 100000 75-milli-
metre shells, 48,o00 155-millimetre
shells and 10000 S-inch and larger.
Two Of the plants will, in addition, be
called on for $4,000 AZ shells daily.
Private Plants Busy
These shells will be in addition to
the heavy production of private plants
working on government contracts. Six
plants are loading 75-millimetre shells,
two 55-milimetre, four AT and two
S-inch and larger. Three private fac
tories already are loading 10000
fuses and boosters daily, and fourth
plant is almost ready for production
Four government plants will be added
to these as rapidly as they can be built
Five plants are busy loading shrapnel
turning out total of $4,000 daily, di-
vided among -millimetre, 155milli.
metre and Al sizes.
The ordnance department expects ar
important part to be taken by women
in this work. Of the 10000 workers
who will start on shell loading for the
government, 1000 will be women. VI.
timately it is expected tnat so per cent
of the total employed viii! be women.
Women are to be engaged in prac.
tically every phase Of the work, follow.
ing the British and French practice
They have been found available fol
everything from painting and cleaning
to the actual pouring of the explosives
for the biggest shells.
New Device Increases Output
One distinctly pleasing factor to the
War Department has been the success
full use Of machinery to replace hane
labor. One of the best instances is il
the case of shrapnel loading. The ole
way used in Russia and other Earo
pean countries called for the pouring
of the explosives by hand. After tn,
laborer poured the explosive into thu
she'll, he sat down and jolted thu
shrapnel for several minutes on
wooden block. In this manner he wa
able to load seven an hour.
By the American method a pneu
matte vibrating machine was intro
duced to substitute for the hand-jolt
ing process. This machine enables on
man to work on five shrapnel she'll
simultaneously. Instead of loading
only seven an hour, therefore, on
mans capacity is increased to fifty
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
Congress Planning
Cleanup in Hope of
Midsummer Recess
Hearings on Revenue Bill to
Raise 8 Billions To Be
Resumed To-day
Conferrees Begin Work
Baker to Appear as Witness
for $4,000, ,ooo,o0o Army
Measure
Conferrees Begin Work

WASHINGTON, June with the
war revenue legislation in the making,
Congress this week plans a cleanup
of partly finished appropriations and
other bills in the hope of yet securing
a short midsummer recess in July.
Hearings on the revenue bill will be
resumed tomorrow by the House Ways
and Means Committee. SO few inter
ests have signified a desire to submit
statements that the committee may be
able about June 20 to begin drafting
the tentative bill designed to raise
about ss,00O,000,000 in taxes as recon-
mended by Secretary McAdoo.
The Senate Military Committee.
with Secretary Baker as it's first wit
ness, opens hearings tomorrow on the
twelve billion dollar army appropria-
tion bill. Several other witnesses will
follow, but the committee hopes to re-
port the bill next week Prompt action
is expected in the Senate despite some
opposition to the House provision Civ
ing the President unlimited authority
to increase the army.
Conferrees Take Up Bills To-day
Senate and House conferrees will be-
gin work tomorrow on the $l,610,-
900 900 naval appropriation measure,
and deadlocks between conferrees on
the agriculture, postoffice and rivers
and harbors appropriations bills prom
Use to be settled during the week. The
Senate is expected to instruct its con-
ferrees to yield and strike out the
Gore amendment to the agricultural
bill increasing the government guaran-
teed minimum wheat price to $3.50 a
bushel.
Another prohibition fight is threat
cning in the Senate. A meeting of the
Senate Agriculture Committee is
planned this week to strike from the
Sl1, 100000 emergency food appropria-
tion bill the Randall amendment de-
signed to force President Wilson to
exercise his authority to stop manu-
facture OF beer and wines. Prohibi-
tion advocates in the Senate are pre-
pared to vigorously urge a substitute
amendment providing for declaration
by Congress of complete prohibition
during the war
To Consider Rule on Debates
Consideration of the Underwood
rule, proposing limitation of debate
during the war, will be resumed to-
morrow by the Senate. Indications
are that Senator Borah's amendment
providing for discussion of treaties in
open instead of executive session will
be defeated, but that tae Underwood
rule, amended to permit one hour and
:; half speeches instead Of one hour
IS originally proposed. will be adopted
Conferrees on the oil leasing bill ex-
pcct to meet early in the week. On
Tuesday the Senate Banking Commit
tee will begin hearings on the plan OF
Senator Owen, of Oklahoma, chairman
to maintain parity of American cur
rency abroad.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
Urges New Workers
To Open Homes
To Fighting Men
II. F. Lutz Declares 1000
Were Forced to Sleep in
Parks Saturday

Unless New York lives down it's
reputation for coldness to the stranger
and throws open the doors of it's homes
to the thousands of men from the
training camps, naval and army, that
flock here weekly, the boys in blue and
olive drab will be sleeping on park
benches all summer.
This was indicated yesterday by
Henry F. Lutz, Of the New York War
Camp Community Service, who said
that the organization to which he be-
longed was unable to cope with the
great influx of men to see the sights.
Within striking distance Of New
York City there are four great army
amps-Mills, Upton, Merritt and Dix
and the soldiers from these pour into
the city on their days Of leave to go
sightseeing and spend what little
money is left to them after allotments
are paid and Liberty bond instalments
are deducted.
The first few hundred to arrive are
afforded shelter in some Of the com
munity service hotels and barracks.
Those that follow face the choice of
paying So or more for room in a
hotel or else of sleeping in the parks.
Two dollars means lot to the average
soldier. Usually they take to the
parks.
This is all right on nights when the
stars shine and the air is warm. On
rainy nights, the men just don't sleep
at all. So far no definite solution of
the problem has been reached, although
there is movement on foot to request
the Governor to throw open the city's
armories to the troopers.
Al least 1000 men of the army and
navy slept in the parks last Saturday
Mr.. Lutz said yesterday.
Small wonders that we couldn't ac-
commodate them" said he. "They are
crazy to come to New York wheneve,
they can get leave. Saturday, the fine
weather, the eclipse, the usual Broad
way attractions. brought them down
here in drovcs.
eve put 200 extra beds in the Hotel
Darlington, our house on Twenty.
seventh Street, and sent about 500 more
to our branch clubs around town. Al
that we had men sleeping on top ot
desks and all over the floor. Our ac-
commodations are normally from 1,50(
to 1900. Now, with the camps all filled
up. it looks as if we would have to ex.
pect regular Saturday and Sunday in
fiux of $500 or more"
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
Senate Committee
Pleased by Output
OF Liberty Motors
Engines Nearing Quantity
Production in Four Plants,
Investigators Find

WASHINGTON, June 9.-Members of
the Senate military subcommittee in
vestigating airplane production re-
turned to Washington to-day after
visiting plants in Buffalo, Detroit, In
danapolis, and Dayton, Ohio. They
brought word that the plants visited
were rapidly reaching a quantity pro-
duction basis.
Members of the subcommittee, which
is composed of Senator'S Thomas, of
Colorado; Reed, of Missouri; Smith, of
Georgia.; New, of Indiana, and Freling-
huysen, of New Jersey, declined to
anticipate their report by a detailed
account of the trip. They expressed
themselves, however, as pleased with
dicted that from now on there would
be marked improvement in the sit
uation. The production of Liberty
motors, they said, was increasing
steadily and very shortly would reach
a point where it would meet American
demands.
The Senators witnessed number of
tests of the Liberty motor. While
there are certain questions yet to be
worked out in order to improve and
perfect it further, they said. the tests
were very satisfactory.
Because of the army appropriation
bill now pending before the Military
Committee, plans for resuming the in
quiry are uncertain. Members of the
subcommittee said their work had
only started, however and that before
beginning the hearing of testimony in
Washington they expected to make
other inspection tours. Plants in New
Jersey may be visited later this week
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
Bridegroom, I ried as Deserter,
Fears Bride May Soon be Widow
Private Czarnecki Who Couldn't Resist Call of the Girl
Brooklyn and Left Camp to Wed, Anxously
Awaits Verdict of Court Martial

With light farewell to a soldiers
swung coolly out of his camp at Avia-
tion Field No. 2, at Mineola, on Feb
ruary 20, and went forth to his we'd
ding day. Two months there were Of
without leave" or other military
authority for the prolonged absence
from camp, and then one day stocky
little soldier with an. P" on his arm
appeared at the home Of the bride aud
bridegroom, at 1877 East Forty-tifth
Street, Brooklyn, with a message from
the commander of the camp.
Last Tuesday in the sunshiny quiet
Of the camp courtroom at Mineola
Czarnccki faced court of majors, cap
tains and lieutenants, on trial for his
life for the military crime of desertion
from the army.
1t Was clearly just another victory Of
that old offender, Cupid, against his
standing enemy, Mars. The ears that
were ringing with the soft, insistent
summons from the direction of Brook
lyn and The Girl simply could not hear
the bugle blast of military duty. So it
was on that February day that Private
Czarnecki threw away his gun and,
armed with nothing but his audacity,
went out to become Mr.. Czarnccki,
bridegroom and vagabond at large.
Colors of Romance Painted Out
But the adventure that was glorious
in February became a crime that was
frghtful as Czarnecki sat through the
four hours of his trial last Tuesday. A
vigorous prosecution by the camp judge
advocate painted out all the warm colors
of Czarnecki's romance, and left stark
picture labelled Deserter that was not
soothing to the eyes of the subject
1t was with none Of his former
jauntincss, therefore, that Cza1necki
faced his trial He had become, in
stead of the careless and impetuous
lover of few months ago, subdued
and graven-faced prisoner, who listened
to the indictment of Judge Advocate
Roy 0. Jackson in his summing up
with downcast eyes and fingers twitch-
ing under the protection Of the army
hat on his knees.
A court martial is no light expert
ence. The judge advocate may be
young, as Lieutenant Jackson is, but
that does not make him less stern.
The prisoners counsel may be earnest
in his plea and eloquent in the plead
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
Photos of Eclipse
Show New Star

BAKER, Ore, June "a new star
in the Constellation Aquilla, reported
last night by Professor G. T. Oliver. of
the University of Virginia, at Char
lottesville, was observed here at 1920
a. m. to-day by DR.. George Y. Peters
and Professor W. M. Conrad, of the
United States Naval Observatory. 1t
was discovered while the scientists were
developing Photographic plates of the
eclipse, each seeing it at the same
moment, between Alataire and Vega.
If the new star is what scientists
here believe, it is the first of this typ.
visible since 1900, when one was seen
in England. The term "new" does no..
mean the creation of new star. but
merely that the body has become bright
enough to be visible. 1t may ulti-
mately fade and disappear in a few
months or even weeks. The discovery
Of star of this type is regarded as
very important, however. 1t is the
third one of this type reported in three
hundred years, and of mysterious char
acter and intense brightness which
they believe little later will make
it visible in daylight. In the sky it
is placed at 18.45 right ascension. de-
clinatiOn plus l degree
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
Artists Protest at
War Crosses and
Medals of u. S.
National Sculpture Society
Criticises Governments
Decorations

Paul W. Bartlett. president of the
National Sculpture Society, has wired
an official protest to Secretary of War
Baker against the war crosses and
medals with which Uncle Sam is pre-
pairing to decorate his heroes cover
there"
This action came as a result of the
scathing criticisms Of the new insignia
expressed by members Of the National
Sculpture Society at their meeting in
the Fine Arts Building Friday evening.
1t also came, members of the society
were explicit in pointing out, in re-
sponse to emphatic criticism voiced by
the boys themselves in France.
These criticisms, according to artists
in this city who claim to be in touch
with the situation, were simultaneous
with the arrival Of the long-awaited
emblems on the other side. The result
is that the entire first set, consisting
OF 200 Distinguished Service Crosses
and Distinguished Service Medals, has
been recalled. A new imprint is now
being struck off and the men already
decorated will have emblems from this
later issue substituted for those al
ready awarded at the earliest possible
moment.
Second Issue Opposed
However, the National Sculpture So
ciety's protest is as much against the
second batch as the first.
"lt amounts to q national disgrace"
declared Augustus Likeman, secretary
of the National Sculpture Society, yes
terday,. that our boys, who risk life
and limb and brave the tortures of
hell. should receive in return insignia
that are positively contemplate, from
the artistic standpoint, in comparison
with the decorations awarded to the
soldiers of our allies. In France, Italy
and England it is recognized that the
very highest artistic talent is none too
good for the devising Of decorations
that shall embody the nations appre
citation for deeds of conspicuous valor.
There are plenty of men here able to
design nit emblems. and they are only
too eager to give their services gratis,
II need be, to this work, but the trouble
is these men have never been consult
ed in this matter.
Under President Roosevelt a start
was made toward establishing Ma.
tional Commission of Fine Arts in this
country. Under President Taft that
commission was given an authoritative
standing. The commission was to be
consulted on memorials and all matters
OF national artistic import.
Art Commission Ignored
"But when the subject of these med
ais came up-a subject unmistakably
| within the commissions province-the
! tine arts body at Washington was sim.
ply ignored altogether, while the War
| Department rushed ahead on its cwu
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
West Point Graduates
Class of So Wednesday
Weeks Programme Will Open
To-day With Sermon by
Chaplain Silver

WEST POINT. N Y, June Exer-
cises attendant upon the graduation of
the class" of 1919 from the United
States Military Academy will begin to-
morrow. when Chaplain Silver will
deliver the graduation sermon in the
chapel. The class of 1919 will be the
third to be graduated in fourteen
months. 1t contains 1876 men.
Two members of the class of 1918,
which was graduated last August, have
received the CroiX de Guerre and men,
ton in official dispatches for excep-
tional gallantry.
The only social event this week will
be the chop" which will take place
on Wednesday evening. That morning
the class will be graduated. On Mon
day there will be an outdoor meet,
and on Tuesday, alumni day, there will
be the reception and review by the
Secretary of War.
Three hundred and fifty Belgian SOL
diers arrived this noon from New York
to visit the academy.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-10
10000 Flock to Coney
Crowd Stays Late Despite the
Lights Out" Order


Coney Island had big crowd yes
terday that stayed late despite the
"lights-out" order. 1t was estimated
there were more than 10000 persons
at the resort.
John Leach, First Deputy Police
Commissioner, passed most of Satur-
day night and the early hours of yes
terday morning talking the situation
over with business men of the island.
His visit was the result Of call made
on him by man who said he repre-
sented the Coney Island Board Of
Trade and had come to Headquarters
to protest against 1ightless nights at
Coney Island. The Deputy Commits
sioner was informed that his visitor
did not represent the Board of Trade,
which had decided that it was the part
OF patriotism 70 make no complaint.