davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-02-15

scales. Scales are still worn by those warm
bloOded animals, the armadillOs and the
scaly ant-eaters, which thus show us how all
the first mammals were clothed The quilts
of the porcupine are another variation of
hair
Scales, horns and feathers are all mOdif-
cations of hair and of the chemical con-
Stituency. Horns are hairs which have hard
ened and heightened Some of the first NAM
mails that shed their scales turned their scale
producing energies into the form Of horns.
Nails and claws are of the same material
Nearly all the mammals have hair except
some that live In the sea. This is because
hair is needed chiefly for warmth and 1t is
useless for this purpose in the sea. Hair is
a wonderfully good non-conductor Of heat
when dry. Hence good head of hair helps
TO keep your head warm in Winter and cold
in Summer But it is of little value in water.
The seals appear to be an exception, but it is
TO be noted that the hair seals show strong
tendency to get on the land, while the fur
seals have peculiar double arrangement Of
fur and hair, not to mention fat, to protect
them from cold.
AS to the statement that all land NAM
mails have hair 1t may be thought that the
elephants, rhinOcerOses and other pachy-
derms have none, but, as a matter of fact,
they have a considerable quantity Their in
dividual hairs are as thick as pieces Of string,
appearing to represent a stage between hair
and horns. The hairless dog must be re-
garded as a degenerate.
The whales and sea-cowS, which are NAM
mails, have lost all their hair, but they are
well covered with hair before birth, which
evidences they are descended from the same
hairy ancestors as man. To make up for
their lack of hair they have developed
layer Of fat beneath the skin that serves ad-
mirably to keep the body heat from escaping
into the sea-
The porpoise, a sea mammal, generates so
much body heat that it is almost impossible
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-02-15

Diagram Illustrating the Develop
ment of Hair. First. the Armored
Scales That Covered the Primitive
Reptilian Ancestor of Birds and
Mammals. Next. the Modified
Scales of the Amphibious Creature.
Millions of Years Later. from
Which the Mammals Were TO
Come. Between the Scales Horny
Bristles. a Modification of the
Scale Cell Itself, Had Begun to
Form. Next an intermediate Stage
That Existed Both in Birds and
Mammals. in Which the Scales
Were Much Similar, the Hair
Drof,,.. nkH.r M;1I,n,s of
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-02-15
e men as they come, ex-

Dericnce shows that the most definite OBJ
iective characters are hair, skin, color and
mead form. OF these, the first is most per
sistently transmitted from parent to
offspring, and so tends TO remain constant
In the main, three kinds of hair are recog-
nized: Straight of the Asian American
group; wsvy, of the Polynesian- European
group, and woolly of the Australian African
group. The truly deinitive characters of the
New World man are straight. black hair of
medium cOarSeneSS; skin brown, ranging
from yellowish to chocolate tones; eyes tend
ing to dark brown head variable in breadth
and length approximating an intermediate
position in the world S series face broad in
proportion to head.
The only other part of the world where
straight black hair is a distinguishing char
acter Is in Asia particularly among MOngO-
loid peoples. close view of the hair of
mankind as a whole, indicates great stability
as to type in consequence of which many
anthrOpolOgiStS make il the basis of the first
classification. We may therefore set down
the above affinity with MongOloid peoples
as one very strong indication of common
descent
Man appears TO be one of the less hairy of
the animals. but as matter of fact he has
hair folicleS all over his body, pointing TO
It's Importance in an earlier stage of life
That primitive man was far more hairy than
the modern IS shown by the fact that the
child before birth is covered with abundant
soft woody hair The Hairy Anus" of
Japan and occasional human hairy freaks
only be regarded as a reversion to the
primitive condition.
Professor Max Weber is one authority for
the view that our hair has grown out of the
reptile scales. The earliest mammals were
descendants Of reptiles. like reptiles in shape
and were covered with reptile scales. AS
higher temperature was maintained by the
body, hair grew in place of some of the
scales and the scales degsnerated The hair
was furnished by the same body cells as the
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-02-15
P-e-o a e-EhieAa. A1VsEOs- 90
etAvVSAL. SBroR~,

Wingless insects have both
both hairs and scales. Our
distant scaly ancestors, the
fish, show the same tendency
for in some the scales around
the mouth and other parts of
the body have turned into
hair-like filaments.
The hair germ, according to
Professor II. F. Osborn s en-
ergy conception Of life. existed
from the beginning IN the
germ chrOmatin Of the first
living cell. Energy forced the
hair germ to be operative in
all forms of animal life, wheth-
er as scale, horn, fur, feathers
or hair. In plant life the hair
germ also existed and evolved.
The original hair-germ, rad
iating in many directions, Civ
ing rise to scales, horns and
feathers. according to environ
ment, finally produced the
beautiful adOrnment which IS
perhaps seen in its highest per
lection in the blond woman.
Professor Wissler's re
searches based on the hair Of
the American Indian suggest
that while the primitive Amer
lean type Is MOngolian, there
was on the western border of
the continent a strain from the
South Seas, which accounts for
the chOcolate-cOlOred tribes;
while on the eastern coast
there was an occasional mix
ture from the European race,
which accounts for the light
color of some Indians IN the
Atlantic highlands.
According to one theory.
primitive man came to America
by a land bridge from the
table-lands Of Asia. in search OF
grounds. ct is not TO be in
Professor Wissler. "that the
native Is a direct descendant q
Asiatic Mongolian. for the diff
evidently remote.
Is it not possible we shall fin
she American type that diverge
that passed to Asiaf
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-02-15

Years Later the Scales Had Degenerated Into the
Tough, Hairy Hide of the Ape Ancestor of Man.
Last, a Microscopic Photograph of the Straight
Hair of Indian, the Most Primitive Hair Type,
Showing the Scale Formation.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-02-15
By w. H. Ballou, D. Sc.

TT has been demonstrated scien-
tifcally that hair is one of the
most important things in the
world. Those who have observed
a beautiful woman caring for her
browning glory already suspected
the fact, but science treats the sub
ject from a more educational point
of view.
One OF the most interesting re-
cent discoveries about hair is that
IL developed from the scales Of the
reptiles. In the gradual transfer
nation of the scales into hair lies
the whole story Of the evolution
of a eold-blOOded slow-moving
reptile into a swift, warm-blooded
human being
Hair was absolutely essential TO
some of our earlier ancestors TO
keep them warm. At present some
authorities think it an obsolete
characteristic, as evidenced by the
absence of it on the heads of so
many intelligent men. On the
other hand, there is ground for
believing that hair is still moder-
ately useful to a man leading a
normal open-air life, and the tena-
city with which woman holds on
to hers is also not without biologi-
cal significance.
Several new scientific books of
the highest authority have demon
strated the Importance of hair in
the study of biology. Hair is one
of the most unvsrying hereditary
characteristics, and hence we can
best tell what race a man belongs
to and what animals he descends
from by the form of his hair.
Hair has lately been used by
science to prove that the American
Indians descend in the main from
the same stock as Cinnamon. The
significance of hair in clearing up
the puzzle of the Indian s origin
is thus stated in an interesting new
volume entitled "The American
Indian. by Professor Clark Wis
sler, curator of anthropOlOgy in
the American Museum of Natural
History:
Taking men as they come, ex-
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
VISCOUNT BRYCE ON
PRESIDENTS WAR AIMS
Address Is Admirable in Spirit and
Contents Former Ambassador
Says.

London, Jan. 10.--Viscount Bryce,
former British ambassador at WASH
ington said today regarding President
Wilson'S war aims speech:
"The address is admirable in spirit
and contents. Mr.. Wilson rightly
points out than an international conf
bination to arrest the aggression Gf
am mbitious sovereigns and military
castles, and to insure peace to the
peace-loving peoples is essential to
the future we'll being of mankind. In
his enumeration of objects to be Sc
cured by peace, the following seem
specially important:
His broad clear assertion of the
right Of nationality to self-determina-
ton, removal Of economic barriers to
trade, adequate guarantee for reduc-
ton of armaments, absolute inde-
pendence for Belgium, and full com
pensation for her wrongs, sympathetic
apprehension and consideration of
the present situation Of Russia, and
! deliverance of all subject nationalitica
| from the brutal and sanguinary rule
| of Turks
| 'Therein Great Britain, who knows
| how abOnlina BILE the rule of the Turks
| has been, heartily we lcOme this declar-
alton, and recently made by the Brit
| iSh premier, that the Allies and the
United States regard liberation of the
! Christian and Arab peoples Of AT
mcnia, syria and Palestine as an Cs-
sential condition of any just and dur
| able pea &C."
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
ENEMY'S CAMPAIGN
IS INTERRUPTED
TWenty-four Hours Of Snowfall
Causes Them to Delay
CENTRAL POINTS AFFECTED
Vital Link on Main Route Blocked
by Fifteen Feet of Snow, AuStrO-
German Forces Cannot Push Their
Way Through.

Italian Headquarters, Northern
Italy, Jan. 10 (By the Associated
Press. 1.-The enemy's winter cam
paigr appears to have been inter-
rupted seriously, if not definitely, by
heavy snOWfalls during the last "a
hours. The snow covers the noun
tain front to q depth from 3 to feet.
Mont Grappa, the central point of
the operations between the PiaVe and
Brenta rivers, has three feet Of snow,
while further north the positions oc-
cupied h,, tho enemy are buried to
a much greater depth. The snow bar
rier is operating strongly against the
enemy as they are on the higher sum-
nits while the italians are on the
lower ground sloping toward the
plain.
On Mont Grappa, which is the dom
mating summit held by the ltallanS,
and on Mont Pertica and Mont Ca
prille nearby, held by the enemy, the
cannonade fell off yesterday and there
was little activity beyond patrol move
ments. Most of the soldiers are busy
clearing the mountain paths so as to
permit the steady movement of sup
plies. Hugh tractor snow plows are
being used and sledges are taking the
| munitions.
In addition to the interruption at
the immediate front, the heavy snow
fall may close the enemy line of COM
munication from Austria southwark
! into Italy.
The principal routes run through an
Alpine pass and has a railroad down
| to Trent and thence to Primlano
which is only ten miles from Mon1
! Grappa and the fighting front. Il
is this route which has been open uI
! to this time and has given the enemy
. direct communication to the front
While the lower section is no
blocked indications are that Stelvlt
! pass which is the vital link in the
route is blocked by 10 to is feet o.
snow. The Stelvio is the highest pas:
in Europe exceeding 5000 feet, ant
connects the Adige valley of-@A1strfs
with the Adda valley in Italy. Shows
there invariably are followed b.
avalanches which further block th
| valleys and available outlets. Th
enemy's eastern communications int
| the F'riuli region are similarly, but
it is believed, not as seriously af
fected. The railway line RUNNING
southwark along the upper Piave i
| blocked by heavy SHOWS and ava
lanches. Further east the route t.
Gorilla which passes through tn
trans-Alpine passes is snowbound
though two other routes across tn
Carso range are less affected.
The indications are that the enem,
will be unable to carry on large op
erations, particularly on the mountain
front while his communications ar
snoWbound.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
TWO lNSA
IN FIR
Sen. KENYON warns
ON PEACE OFFERS
Does Not Believe in
Patched-Up Peace, He
Tells Senate.

Washington, Jan. Ex-senator Ken
yon, recently returned from visit to
the French front and to England, to-
day warned the senate against Ger
many's peace offers and stories that
the country was exhausted. Moth
ing could assist Germany more" he
declared.
"Those who are trying to help in
bringing about a patched peace and
lend their influence in that direction
are weakening the American forces,
weakening American preparation, and
they ought to know that it will cost
US more now to lose this war than to
win it,
Pointing to the fact that it took
England two years or more to get
ready to fight, he declared there was
no reason for gloom in this country
now, but the saddest words this na4
ton can ever write if it fails III this
emergency by reason of delay will be
the words: TOO late"
I'VE must bring to the western
front two million men and have Il
million in reserve" Senator Kenyon
said.
I'VE must do it as quickly as pos
sible. We must cut red tape; stop
quarreling about the guns and like
! things, and carry this thing through
| on business like principles 1t is not
| possible for each individual in this
country to quit thinking about what
| some one else should do and resolve
to do everything he can do? It is not
| enough to do our bit. We must do our
| best. There is too much grandStand
| ing and limelighting; too much patri-
! otic shouting and not enough sacrifice
"Out of this war will come great
| things to our people. We will have nc
! hyphenated Americanism in this cOun-
try 1t is not a time for partisanshiI
| nor politics, and ! may say it is n(
| time for inefficiency in any depart
ments of our government"
| Senator Kenyon said that in this
spirit of "no-parti isanship" he wculC
like to see a coalition cabinet inclHd
| ing Elihu Root and Theodore koose
| welt and the services of VIM. Fl. T'af
| might be used in some of the commits
| sions sent abroad
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10

tematically and propaganda for peace,
or dissemination Of pessimistic war
reports, was to be stimulated under
direction of a recognized head There
was indications also that the head
quarters was to gather bits of in
formation throughout the country
and forward it to Germany by mem
bers of ships crews or by other
means.
Many spy suspects caught recently
have been found to carry plans of
munition works, drawings of airplane
or truck parts, maps showing bridges
and other important points, plans of
industrial centers and shipbuilding
plants. 1t is felt that many of these
persons are acting individually, hop
ing to sell the information to some
enemy interest.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10

Middletown, Jan. 10.-The wd
wing Of the main building of II
Connecticut hospital for the insarI
located at the South Farms, WI
burned early today causing a loss d
timated at $15O,000. About $50 pI
tients housed in that section wei
gotten out safely. The origin
the fire, which apparently started mel
the roof, has not been determined.
The main building is a four-sto1
brown stone structure with east an
west Wings the main section bei}
used chiefly for offices and physiciar1
nurses and attendants quarters. Whj
the fire WAS kept from this secti|
through the efforts Of the hospital fiji
force, assisted by the MiddictoWn d
partment and Il fire company fro
Hartford, it suffered 4copsidG ly%frd
water damage, nearly a foot of wa 4
flooding the lower floor.
As soon as the fire was di3covcrd
fire drill was sounded and tho oec|
pants of the burning section wd
marched out in an orderly lnannI
and Quartcred in other buildings. L
The Home Guard Of this city WI
called out and assisted in presoryii
order. A hurry call was also issu5
to tho medical association, but II
physicians were not sent to SouI
Farms as it was stated later that th5
services would not be required.
The interior of the west wing
almost entirely burned out, the foul
and third floors being gone and d
tensiVe damage having been done Il
L, L Ill
of heavy masonry, remain standid
While the fire ragged doctors.
tendants and others. after seeing
the removal of the patients, turn,
their attention to getting the fur1
ture and other valuables out of 4
! main building which for time "
threatened. Valuable papers wd
removed from the offices and plad
in the fireproof vault while a go|
deal of the furniture was carried q
and placed on the porch or laSi
Meanwhile, the firemen were playaI
streams of water into the flames frtI
! windows and roof of the cent?
/ structure and succeeded in keep7
! the fire inside the wing in which
started.
A blanket insurance of $1,000,q
covers the entire establishment
DR.. HaYiland said that his first
ports were that all Of the 236 patel
in the section had been saved and
i was not until they had made a. sea1I
of the ruins and a re-checking thai
was discovered that there had bsj
loss of life. There was a possibill [
he thought, that the two missing 4
J tients may have escaped from th|
guards and the death list would
main at two.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
PROHIBITION
Advocates of No License Having
Troubles Because OF Liquor Being
Brought Into Wheeling, w. Va.

Wheeling,, W. Va, Jan. 10.-Pro-
hibition officers here are experiencing
much trouble in dealing with persons
who bring liquor from the Ohio side,
duo to the fact that the bone dry Vio-
lators are utilizing the frozen ONO
river as a means of entrance to West
Virginia, instead of trolley cars and
the bridges. Heretofore the officers,
three in number, have successfully en-
forcd the law by keeping sharp look
outs on the two bridges here. But
when the river froze solid on five
mile front, they found it difficult to
watch so wide an cXDanse of territory,
with the result that the liquor car
riers are reported to be crossing the
ice in ever-increasinG numbers.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
FOR BENEFIT OF BLIND.
Excellent Program Given for Eelief
OF Allied Soldiers.


An interesting entertainment was
given last night at the Y. w. G. A.
when a selected group of well known
artists appeared in q musical and 1T
erarv program Of exceptional merit.
There wa. an attendance of about 1oo
peOmle and tho affair was OF DeneVo-
lent nature, the proceeds being turned
in to the fund for the benefit OF
the American, British, French and
Rele,ian War Relief work of which
Mrs. Charles Corbin of New Britain
is the treasurer.
The program was one of the best
ever presented to the public and the
artists were those one does not very
often have the opportunity OF hear
ing The renditions were very pleas
ing and Miss PeniCk, who is one OF
the Youngest artists of the day,
thrilled and charmed her audience by
the reading Of her dramatization of
Peg O. My Heart" by j. Hartley
Manners, and the long and hearty
applause showed the appreciation and
popularity of the number.
Those who took part in the pro-
~ram were Leon Van VHet, violin
CarO!Nn Y. Green, pianist, and Mar
cello: Louise s. Reynolds, soprano
clttrite PenirR, reader.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
COASTER RUNS INTO AUTO.

While coasting this morning on the
fremont street hill, boy about 12
years old ran into an automobile
owned by the Sage-Allen Co, which
was stalled in front Of the house
owned by M. T. White and was badly
cut up around the face and mouth.
Mrs. White took the boy in and ad-
ministered first aid to him and a short
time later the boys mother called
for him and took him home. His
name could not be learned.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
DIR. FOX PRESIDENT.
Chosen Head Of New Britain Medical
Society at Annual Meeting.

DR.. p. w. Fox was elected president
of the New Britain M edical society at
its annual banquet and meeting last
evening at the Shuttle Meadow Coun-
try club DR.. f. J. Dray was elected
vice president, DR.. Joseph Robinson
was elected secretary and treasurer.
DR.. NJ. w Maloney and DR.. Hodgson
were chosen to the board of censors
and DR.. II. r. Bray to the board OF
directors.
DR.. Bray, the retiring president, de-
livered an interesting address. An ex-
cellent menu was served.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
RELEASE Mrs. RYDER

Waterbury, Jan. 10--Cases of Mrs.
Margaret Ryder and j. G. Reynolds
were before the city court today, both
charged with practlcing dentistry
without a. license. Reynolds is local
manager for a dental company and
the case against him was noHed,
County Health Officer c. w. Evarts
saving 1t was a case of mistaken
identity.
In the case Of Mrs. Ryder it was
stated that she had merely advised in
regard to the treatment of teeth and
the court therefore suspended sem
tence.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
HAS GOOD MEMORY
Eaelc-Eyed Deputy Sheriff Recognizes
Man in Hartford

Hartford, Jan. 10.-Eugene Rowe,
wanted in Volney, N. Y, for alleged
embezzlement of town funds to the
extent of $4,000, was taken there from
this city today. He was arrested by
Deputy Sheriff Rowlisson of OsWego
county. ~ Y, while the deputy was
on his way to the railroad station With
another prisoner Rowe had been
away from Volney for six years, but
RoWliss0n recognized him at once.
In court today he was released to
the deput,r as a fugitive from justice.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
LOW IN CANADIAN ARMY.

James Low, an cmploye Of the
Stanley Works has been accepted for
service in the Canadian Expedition
AIRY Force, and will leave in two
weeks for Montreal, Canada, to com =
mence his war duties. He has been
foreman inspector at the factory.
Tranck G. Macl<ay. manager of the
rug and drapery department at the
McMiIl"n Store, Inc, has received
word Of his rejection in the G. f. f.
He is q br0ther~in- law cf Low.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
SERIOUS ASSAULT ALLEGED
Southington Man Accused of Attack
on Little Girl

William U. Brown, colored, aged
lbout 80 years, was arrested this
morning by Detective Sergeant A C.
Malone at the Vulcan Iron Works
Foundry, on a complaint from the
Southington authorities, charging him
With assault on a minor female, also
colored, in that town several months
lgo The prisoner was turned over
20 Deputy Sheriff James McCabe of
Southington
The arrest was brought about by an
Investigation of the charity depart
nent of New Haven after the girl had
>een taken to an institution in that
own. The girl is q cripple and for
nerly lived at Browns home. The
prisoner stouty denied the accusation
aa.de against hirI.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10

London, Jan. 1o.-The Bolshevik
, government a Reuter- dispatch from
.Petrograd says, has issued a, decree
iuspending all payments Of dividends
by private companies. The govern
nent has also forbidden transactions
, m stocks pending the issuance of
orders relating to the further national
lzation of production and determining
The amount of interest payable by
a private companies.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10

TNr0ugh lawyer n. #. Camp,
Beada f Anderson today brought
suir against the Connecticut company
for 900 damages. 1t is claimed
tHat on August the plaintiff was
thrown to the ground and suffered q
broken wrist when the crew of q
Pennington avenue trolley car start
ed tho car suddenly as she was about
to aliEht.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
FOUR CHILDREN DIE.
One, Strapped to Bed, Suffers Agt
AS Flames Kill Her.

Ottawa, Jan. 10.-Four child
lost their lives in a fire today wh
destroyed the east wing of the Cat
lie General hospital on Water ST.
with property damage amounting
100000. The victims were patie
One woman died from shock after
ing carried out.
New Britain herald., 1918-01-10
DYNAMITE IN COAL

Memphis, Tenn, Jan. 10.-Dynan
in coal shovelled in the engines b
ers this afternoon exploded a frei
locomotive at Harahan bridge, sp
ming the Mississippi river here, fat;
injuring several persons. AT least
men are reported dying.