davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
GERMANY TODAY is THE LAND OF THE ERSATZ


sumption Of beer It also led the
world in number OF cases Of fatty de-
generation Of the heart. More persons
d.ed Of fatty heart in Munich than In
any other city Of It's size in the wosld
A Swiss who until recently had lived
in Munich told me that the disease had
almost entirely disappeared
But" said he, "the famine fare has
brought a lot Of new ones. each as
famlne-dropsy and hunger-typhoid So
thai The elimination Of fatty heart has
resulted in no net gain in health"
The carlcaturists Of the future will
have 10 devise new type Of German
The German, once The heaviest eater In
the world. may. still eat II he has n,
money. but the fat-buidlng qualities
have depa ted from his fare. AMI W Oh
10 him Of the fun paunch and doubl,
chin. made so familiar by the aitoon-
lists OF all nations
There may be fat persons in Ger
many. but none Of them ever crosses
the line into Switzerland saw
large numbers Of Germans in Switzer-
land and they were wraith-liko per-
sons-at least they wee on arrival
William Donegal, formerly United
states consul at Mecklenbu~y, Ger
many. now IN. Berne, Switzerland. re-
ceived letter from some German
friends while ! was IN Berne in De-
cember One paragraph in the letter
read
"I have lost 60 pounds in weight
ard my wife has lost 40 pounds
This man and wife belong to the
well-to-do class in Germany, and henc
would not be confined 10 a Diet Of
black b cad and potatoes, as mill'on9
Of Germans are Their case Is typical
OF cond TONS among people Of their
class in Germany
Condit ons are not conducive to over
eating. even II one has the money.
Real foods, outside Of bread and po-
tatoes. may be purchased today, but to-
morrow only the ersatz may be had.
And the ersatz is doubly d'stasteful the
day after one has had the genuine ar
ticle
The United States Government main
tains a press bureau in Switzerland
whose duty it is to analyze and classify
the contents Of all the leading German
newspapers. which can be purchased in
most Swiss cities.
The advertisements of these newspa-
Evening journal., 1918-02-05

pers are even more significant than the
reading matter. revealing as they do.
The needs Of the German people.
Soon after America clamped down the
mbargo on neutrals adjacent to Ger
many the advertisements IN the German
papers for substitutes greatly increased
n numbeh, indicating that the food
scarcity In the neutrals was also having
IS effect in Germany.
OF course, there IS stll smuggling
over the neutral frontiers into Germany,
but the quantity of smuggled goods
has been greatly reduced by the en-
barge.
For instance smuggled ham, which
'ould be bought for 81 a pound before
he embargo was declared, cannot be
purchased for less than s. pound
ow, and there is very little at that
price
Nowhere is the effect Of the embargo
more clearly seen than in the sale Of
butter Some OF the neutrals sold their
own butter product TO Germany and
imported what they needed Tor them
selves from the United States After the
embargo went into effect the German
Government was compelled TO cut the
weekly allowance Of butter from &C
grams to 20 grams Seventy grams is
equal 10 about two and one-half
ounces.
or course, because the government al
lows IL, IL does not mean that you can
get II. It means that II you fnd it on
sale anywhere you are entitled to that
quantity.
(,More Tomorrow
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
REVOLUTION NOT LIKELY TO
GROW OUT OF GERMAN STRIKE
undertook the leadership.

undertook the leadership.
From all the mass OF rumors and re-
ports received here, It appears there
were very few excesses by the strlk-
ers. Lighting and heating In the cities
was apparently unaffected. The gas
workers and electricians did not join
the strike.
Prominent Germans here doubt that
any collaboration viii continue be
tween the Socialists-adherents or
Haase as well as Scheidemann and the
gov ernment Liberals and Center Party
members henceforth.
One thing the strike emphasizes IS
that though the food situation in Ger
many Is not as last year. the hardsnlps
of constant food economy are in the
long run beginning TO weigh heavy on
the public.
As to the injection Of peace demands
into the strike situation, the imp es-
sion is prevailing in Germany that the
annexationists are influencing the con
duct of negotiations at B est LitoNsk.
Socialists in the empire are convinced
that the German delegates wOuli have
been mo.e successful If they had gwen
the impression that Germany was
serious when she said she was wiling
TO permit self determination OF lh.
Poles, Llthuanians, Let's and peoples
Of other Baltic provinces. Foreign
Minister Keulhmann's explanations be
fore the main committee may have
satisfied the Socialist members Of the
Reichstag-but they did not convince
the workers OF Ge many, whose MS
trust was st engthened by Gen. Hon.
mans speeches Though the German
people have an impression that Bolshe-
wiki Minister Trotzky is dishonest they
believe his influence at Brest Litovsk
would have been much less If the cen
trail powers had clearly shown they
really wanted a decent peace.
The fact also that the German gov
ernment Will not declare open war
against the fstherland pa-ty-the Jun
kerites supreme has increased general
dissatisfaction.
Prof Delbrukek explains the gov
ernment's action on the ground that
so long as the party's doings do moi
conflict with the law, the government
must remain faithful to the imperial
word OF August, 1914, volcing the be-
/ lief there were no parties in Germany
General discomfort has likewise beer
fomenied by the delay IN constitutional
reform on the part Of the Prussiar
/ Diet and the main committee Of 'h'
4 Rcichstag Refom has been promised
/ but so far withheld. The reason IS the
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
BY JAN BRUNA.
Written for The United Press.

THE HAGUE. Feb. 5.--Germany's ilrst
political strike was waning today.
II reached its highest point Of de-
moralization Of Germany industry last
Friday, according 20 very reliable in-or-
nation received here on that date 10
per cent Of all workers in war manu-
factories were out. The future effect
Of the strike is problemstlcal II is GER
tain however. that the tie-up has caused
intense bitterness between the laborlng
classes and the so-called middle class
in Germany. The strikers demands for
food were received with indignation by
other classes. Everybody knows in Ger
many the laborers rat.ons are
much better than those which the aver
age middle class salaried man can af-
ford. The food in factories cannot be
bought by the man Of average means.
His salary has not increased anywhere
near the rate that Of the workers has
ad, anced.
From carefully compiled Information
reaching here the main centers of the
strike were Berlin and Hamburg The
percentage Of workers out was much
higher than In Silesia and SaXony,
where most Of the employees were
working. In the Rhlneland surround
ing Saarbrucben, only part OF the min
ers were out No important engineers
organizations Joined the movement.
From authoritative reports It was
learned that the independent Socialists
Of the central empires had intended 20
strike simultaneously in Austria and in
Germany under a sort Of !. w. w
leadership But the careful telegra-
phlc censorship Of Austria prevented
dispatch Of a pass word. From The
explanation OF the Social Democratic
psrty and trades union leaders, the
German. strike "broke out spontaneous
ly." Probably this means that the lead
ers abandoned the idea Of joint Aus
German strike after failure OF the
Austrian strike. II appeared they de-
sired to await a more favorable mo-
menty
But when The spontaneous out
break did come, the adherents Of Phil
ip Scheidemann, majority Socialist
leader feared that The minority So.
cialist party under Dr.. Haase, which
was supporting the strike, might gair
too strong a hold on the workers
Scheidemann and his associates, there.
fore. openly Joined IN the strike move
ment. They assumed a share Of the re
sponsibnity and scheidemann himsel
Evening journal., 1918-02-05

times sweeter than sugar. This Is sold
in tiny tablets. and IS so sweet that 1t
is sickening. The sugar production OF
the country Is used for the extraction
Of glyce in, needed in munitions.
Ground COW beets, sweetened with
saccharin, form a sort Of expensive
Jelly. sometimes labeled as a substitute
for marmalade
A sort Of heavy oil made from root
seeds and stalks Of plants IS offered
as a substitute for lard ! saw some
advertised at 81 30 a pound
Leaves Of all sorts Of trees stepped IN
a tea brew are a substitute for tea
The papers arc full Of adve tise-
menls OF flexible woods to be used in
stead OF sole leather Most shoes are
now soled with wood. Various hair
cloths are substitutes for leather
The gathering of netlles has grown
10 be quite an industry. Children main
ly are employed. Nettles and green
willow bark are used in the manufac-
ture OF a sort Of fabric which takes the
place Of cloth
Paper also Is used as a substitute
for cloth
Whole suits Of clothing have been
made from paper. Paper shirts are
common The German comic papers
are fun Of funny stories about persons
in paper suits who have permitted
themselves to be caught in the rain.
Engineering newspapers advertise a
creat variety Of substitutes for machine
oil They are made mainly from
seeds
Butter has many substitutes. The
best is made from seed oil, spiced with
paprika.
No substitute for the hot bath has yet
been devised. And the hot bath as a
daily incident has all but passed out
OF existence No fuel to heat the water
There is plenty OF coal in Germany, but
no way of distributing IL.
There are many substitutes for to-
bacco
Beer is no longer made Of hops and
malt So little grain is used in It's
manufacture that II Is hardly more
than colored water 10 is in great
dlsfavor with the Germans. accustom-
ed, as they were in pre-war days, to
heavy brown brevs
The result is that the consumption
Of beer has been emo mously reduced
IN the pre-war days Munich prob
ably led the world in per capita con-
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
WAR BURDENS ON
PUBLIC UTILITIES

WASHINGTON, d. C., Feb. 5-The
annual report Of John Shelton Williams,
Comptroller Of the Treasury, de, otes
considerable space to the financial
Straits Of public utilities including
electric railways, gas and electric
lighting companies. The report calls
attention to the tremendously Increased
demands for service and efficiency
when are being borne by these utilities
in order TO further the war activities
and The vital Importance Of their very
best services during these times A
most impressive sentence dealing with
the financial condition of these utilities
is that due 10 heavy increased costs Of
labor and material now they are
threatened with ruin, apd "if they are
allowed TO sink into inenlciency, much
Of the most important war work Of the
Government viii be crippled or par
alyzed."
Increases in various materials are
shown to run from 100 per cent TO 400
per cent, Il is stated banks and citizens
suffering severe losses f,Om investment
in these legitimate and once promising
enterprises will be discouraged. from
/ lending money to the Government or de-
prived of the means to lend.
Mr. Williams continues: "The FIST
and most direct relief to the public
utilities corporations can be given by
the State Public Utility Commissions
and municipal and local authorities II
! is essential that forebearance and con
slderation be exercised by the state
/ commissions and municipal authO~i les
and that the corporations also be per.
mitted TO make such addition to thei
charges for services as will keep in then
the breadth of sOlvency. protect theii
owners AGAINST unius' loss, and civ,
them a basis Of credit on which the!
may obtain the funds with which e
meet the strain nut on them by th'
Governments needs The breaking dowI
Of these generations would be a ma
tlonal calamity
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
GERMAN STRIKERS HURL
BOMB AT IMPERIAL PALACE

greatest internal disorder to date, with
the military colors stlll triumphant.
What will develop the next time the
workers revo,t-and how Soon such in
cldent may come-are now contemplated
with interest by officials here
Meantime. AMERICAS war work Is
peeding up as at no previous time IN
the war And greater confidence is reg
istered that this year will develop the
telling stroke as demanded by Presi-
dent Wilson.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
Wi mingtOn Housewife
CHANGED from G.NOm to Cheer

my stomach suffering was so severe
that could not have lasted much LONG
er did not care so much for myself,
but did not want to Leave my three 1T
tie children, who needed a mothers
love and care A cousin in California
wrote me about Mayr's Wonderful
Remedy and | took a course Of II. ]
have since been entirely Well II is a
simple, harmless preparation that re-
moves the catarrhal mucus from the
intestinal tract and allays the inflam-
nation which causes practically all
stomach. liver and intestinal ailments.
including appendicitis. one dose will
convince or money refunded j. NJ.
Eckerd, the Miller Drug store, n. B..
nenforib.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05

There's little real anything 10 be
houoht in Germany today. It's the
land of the ersatz--the substitute
These substitutes are not inluri-
ous 10 health. aud they appeaSe
hunoer by filling up the stomach,
hut they do not huild up the body.
So the fat German is no longer
the typical German, SAYS victor
Nforaan. noted editor of The Cleve-
land Press who has just returned
from Europe.
Morgan was sent by THE EVEN
ING JOURNAL and other American
.ncwsp -pcrs TO rcpa-' on WIN II
GONG on IN GERMANY TODAY.
His interesting and Informative ar
ticles are appearing exclusively IN
Wilminqton in THE EVENING
JOI'RNAI.. This is his nth:
BY VICTOR MORGAN
Editor of The Cleveland Press
fCopyright. 1918. by the Newspaper En-
terprise AssOciation.)
Germany is the land Of the ersatz-
the substitute.
Immediately a necessity disappears
from the market there comes into its
place an ersatz.
The shopkeeper does not try TO palm
II OF on you by telling you that II is
"iust as good" He merely says, II Is
the only thing Of the kind that can be
bought in Germany.
The number Of these substitutes runs
into thousands. There are few things
that bear any relation whatever to life
TODAY that have not their substitutes
The existence Of this vast number OF
substitutes is indicative not only OF the
scarcity of necessities in Germany but
Of the docility Of the people who con
tlnue year In and year out TO use these
substitutes
II is probable that few Of the substl-
tutes are Injurious to health, but Ger
tsinly all, or nearly all, are lacking II
nutritive qualities.
They appease hunger by filling th'
stomach. but they do not build up the
body. and the people who undertake tC
subsist upon them become weakened
and susceptible 10 disease
For c0ffee there a.e many substl.
utes. The leading one is grounc
AGO ns This costs 30 cents a pound 4
cheaper substitute is made Of ground
roots.
The substitute for sugar is saccharin
coal tar product, many hundred
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
BUsY. HARD-WORKFD
MEN AND WOMEN

MIN NM NNNMA4tN
VIII find that the sarsaparilla, pep
sin, nux and iron treatment compri ed
in Hoods Sarsaparilla and Peptiron
will give brain and nerve force. relieve
the nervous strain incident to too
much to do in too little time" chsrac-
teristlc OF life today.
These blood and nerve medicines
seem TO lift the nervous and overwork-
ed into new life. enabling them to ac-
complsh easily the things that have
fretted them and have seemed TO bring
them 10 a standstil
Hoods Sarsaparilla and Pepliron are
very effectively supplemented by Hoods
pills, in cases where a laxative is need
ed. These three preparations are all
sold by your drugsi g. Get them today
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
THE FAT GEPMlN Is PASSING; /;
HOT BATH? GONE.
Says Vic or Morgan:

"There may be fat persons in Ger
many, but none of them ever crosses
the line into Switzerland. ] saw
large numbers of Germans in Swift
zerland, and they were wraithlike
persons"
The reason for this. Morgan shows,
is the use Of the ersatz-the substi-
tute-for almost every food These
substi utes fail to build up the body.
No substitute has been found how
ever for the hot bath Morgan adds:
And the hot bath as a daily incident
has all but passed out Of existence"
In Germany.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05

German conservatives understand they
cannot reform openly-the efore they
are trying to delay II by first discuss
ing the whole matter In the Upper
House.
on account Of an these factors, the
strike would have been greater If 10
had found the ground fertilized by the
Russian revolution But even the most
radical Of the Socialists eXp'es the
belief that chances Of a revolutionary
movement seem small-partly due to
conviction that the Allies demands on
Germany are in the interests of world
mperiallsm.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
WEDDING INVITATIONS IssU1

Air and Mrs. Warden R. Humpt y
have issued invitations for the ir-
riage OF their daughter, Miss Lillian
Janvier Humphrey, to Harold r. Shep-
pard, to take place in West Presbyter-
ian Church on Saturday evening. Feb
ruary i6.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
MARKET IRREGULAR.
3y the United Press

by IIe InITeU Prtss
NEW YORK, Feb 5.-The stock mar
ket opened irregular today u. s. Steel
sold off 3-s at sc 3-s; Bethlehems 3"
made an overnight gain Of Is at 7S i-2,
while Anaconda showed a loss Of Is at
63 i-2 Rails we. e weak
Leading issues reached 1 to 3points
in the early trading Quick lecoveries
followed. PROFIT taking was blamed fol
the declines Texas Company sold OF
10 to 1853. Shipping stocks were
reactionary
Evening journal., 1918-02-05

The Quinlne That Does Not Affect Head
because Of its tonic and laxative effect
Laxative Bromo Quinine can be taken by
anyone without causing nervousness or
"BrOmO Quinine" +. w. GROVES sig
nature is oD box. 30c.-Adv.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
LIVERPOOL COTTON.

BY The United Press.
LIVERPOOL, Feb 5-Futures opened
quiet today with prices unchanged.
Sales amounted TO 1000 bales. Re-
ceipts were 5000, all Of which were
Ame ican Good middllngs, % p; MD
dl'ngs, 2319.
Futu es: Fcbruary-March. q S5
April-May, p So; June-July, 2i62.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
NEW YoRK COTTON.
BY The United Press.

DN TIC UII1U ITIsos
NEW YORK. Feb 5-The cotton
market opened steady today. March
sold at 1890, up I; May, 1919, up 3;
June, % as, of 2. and July, 292s, up fl
The market opened steady and quo
tat'ons during the FIRST call were from
? of to 10 up During the FIRST few
minutes there was little hesltancy,
but soon quotations ran higher There
was some profit taking by longs.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05

meet them could be brought together
md co-ord nated'
Asserting that It was humanely i'm
poss BILE for the Pres 'dent to examine
oll the intricate Questions. tho sweater
declared there was serious need for ad-
q uonal governmental elements in the
war machine.
He declared that he would be content
TO have things go as they are now go
'ng If he was convinced that the war
world end in a short time.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
continued From Page one.l

lWIITITITNT 7 VT 1'T7' T"''''T
Of military cut on talk Of peace as she
stopped the strikes and depend on a
military victory on the west front TO
re-establish the confidence OF her peo-
pie.
II TIE Kaiser Is given pause by the
recent uproar in his country, he Will
chose the first course, brt II Teuton
precedent Is followed, the ,econd course
will be pursued, It is believed here.
The Kaiser has passed through his
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
MARnIAGE LICENsEs.

Marriage licenses have been issued as
follows bv the State magistrates;
New Castle County.
Maristrate Harry l. ellis, Seventh
and Shipley streets-Dorsey Blake. Jr,
Of the Y NJ. C. A.. and Helen X. Mich
OILS, Of $40 Monroe street.
Kent County.
MAGISTRATE Samuel L. Shaw. Harrin~-
ton-Ira Mathews and Miss Leah
Cooper. both Of Harrington.
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
CHICAGO GRAIN.

By the United Press
CHICAGO. Feb 5.-Openlng grain
Co n, May, i2i%aA. Oats, March, S2N
May, 79isoh
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
Sam LOyd's Rraiu Food
4 Minutes to Digest This.
No. 75.

I Minutes TO ID geSt ms.
No. 20.
Find the city concealed in each
sentence.
At Least beauty rewards the eye,
which virtue does not always do
Permit me, Madam, as custom
sanctions, to salute you.
Count Dimitri polishes his own
boots
The belle was dressed in bun, a
lovely shade.
In pausing 10 eat the ham, Burglar
Bill lost his freedom.
ANSWER TO NO. "a.
Entrance, Desert. Subjects, Object
Copyright. 1917. by sam Loyd.l
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
LOCAL SECURITIES

Laird and Company. DUPONT Buildlns
furnish the following quotations Oh
local securities:
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
lMER.CAR AVATOlS
DOWN ENEMY filters
Thomas Hitchcock, Jr.,
Scores TwoViCtorics, David
Z. Putnlm One

PARIS. Feb. 5.-Taking advantage Of
the fine weather. members OF the La
fayette Escadrille continued their brill
liant exploits over the French front dur
ing the last few days. bringing down
three German machines and losing none
themselves. Thomas Hitchcock. Jr., son
Of the American turfman, whose home
Is in Long Island, downed two enemy
alrmen within a short time of each
other his FIRST victories In the air
David b. Putnam, Of BroOkllne, Mass,
brought down his third machine.
Details Of these comba in the air
have not been received in Paris. Both
Hitchcock and Putnam have been on
the battle front less than three months
and have not vet been transferred to
the American army.
Corporal Thomas Hitchcock. Jr. Of
the French aviation service, is the son
Of Captain Thomas Hitchcock. eXecutiN @
oillcer of the aviation Held at Nlineola,
~ Y. and known in this country and
Europe as polo player and horseman
Corporal Hitchcock, who is just A.
years old. tried TO enlist In the Ameri-
can army, and although he successfully
underwent the 100 hours endurance
lest in the air. he was rejected because
of his youth He went TO France last
June, and at the conclusion Of his train
ing was regularly assigned to the
French Aviation Corps On January 6
last he wrote 10 his father a modest
account Of how he had downed his flrst
German machine. For this the CroiX
de Guerre with one palm was awarded
to him
81 am extremely gratined 90 know
the boy Is making good" said Captain
Hitchcock last night "He did his best
TO get into our army, but his age was
against him and he then determined TO
do what he could under the French
flag"
Evening journal., 1918-02-05
DEATIIs.

Margaret Churchman Stock.
j. Paul Wilkinson.
A.arka4et Paul Neil
Hester O. " ledeman.
John l.. Lloyd.
A. Garfield Oolmery.
BENJAMIN Il. Leonard.
" imam +. Tush.
Mliiiam T.. Dou. herty.
Amantm sea ers.
Evan Ainscow.
CCa e. G5rOwn
Ellen j. EriscOil.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-05-12

GOLDENBERG'S
Require the services of statesmen for following
Furnishings,
Shoes,
Trunks and
Travelling Goods
Stock Clerk for
Boys Clothing.
Saleswomen for the following departments:
Muslin Underwear,
Houseurnishngs,
Shoes,
Upholstery.
Cashiers,
Aisle Girls
Bundle Wrappers,
Messengers
Coored Men
Porers
Experienced Chaufeurs; understand Lphard and
Stuart Trucks and Ford Delivery Cars
Apply Mr.. Dobrin, Manager, Goldenbeg Seventh
and K
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-05-12
FEMALE IspNExTI.,

A RELIABLE French maid; reference required
Apply mo .nings before 1880 24Gl Mass. ave. 12s
A WOMAN to cook ir small family; good wages
10 capable woman. Apply at 1890 Columbia
goad. after pm. 12s