davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-01-13
Judicial Salaries.
A Philadelphia dispatch says:

4
"Higher salaries for federal court
Judges will be urged by the American
Bar Association. AT today's meeting Of
was stated that all Of the committee and
I members Of the organization favored
an advance; nevertheless, action on the
question was deferred and the matter
referred to a subcommittee of which
Senator Sutherland of Utah is chairman.
While the federal judges receive but
$6,00G year, it was stated that supreme
court judges in New York draw 81, 900
each, and the common pleas judges in
this state are paid $1l,000."
That our federal Judges are under
paid il an cid complaint, and the fact
has long been established. Attention
has repeatedly been drawn to the mat
ter, and efforts made 10 have the pay
increased to a figure or figures in keep
ing with the importance Of the services
rendered.
Il is superfuous to point out the i'm
poftance Of those services. Much rests
upon the judicial power Of the govern
ment; and that power has been we'll ex-
ercised. Many eminent names are as
scciated with the federal bench, and
many judicial decisions have added to
the strength Of the government. We
owe, indeed, very great deal to the
federal judiciary.
The practice Of law has Of late years
been yielding large monetary rewards.
With the growth Of wealth and the null
tiplication Of business combinations,
legal advice has taken on great value.
As result the law schools have been
crowded, and large numbers of very
bright men of solid attainments have
qualified for the bar.
Nevertheless, the allurements Of rich
practice have not prevented the sectr-
ing Of highly competent men for the
bench. Appointments in the main have
been most excellent. Many men have
given up large professional, incomes to
accept the modest stipend Of judge,
while very few judges have left the
bench to reopen law Offices.
Now ina most appropriate time to con-
slider this matter. Out Of the many
changes taking plaee in all lines of en-
deavor many disputes are certain to
arise, and naeh litigation is as certain to
follow. Judges are likely to be Increased
in number, and even new tribunals Gre
ated. The country needs, and should
have, III these increases the best ma
terial available.
The courts are tfansaeting much busi-
ness; and larger volume impends.
Ministers Of justice are among the hard
est workers among our public servants,
and among the most poorly paid. The
feproach-for it is nothing less--should
be removed. Salaries should be raised
It is only fair that in times Of such
difficulty and Importance as the pres
ent, all public servants, from highest to
lowest, should be amply rewarded for
The time they give and the capacity they
bring to the business Of the state.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

New York is jealous ef Chicago, but
~ because Of CAieagsas strides in Art
nd in commercial power. These rival.
n6aS advaneemehts have been eontem-
ekaea with serenity. But when the fuel
authofities permit Chicago to stay up
ttfll ! Uaeaoek IA the morning, while New
!York has to 60 to bed at 10, protest is
kegistersd. The privilege of late hours
b ID elegant distinction, not lightly to
4e sacrificed.
Evening star., 1918-01-13
A Pleasure of Memory,

II suppose you are very proud of
your boy Josh since he went into the
Armyw
ayes, sir, replied Farmer Corntossel;
"And recall with satisfaction a fact
that once worried me, an that is that
if anybody wanted fight they'd always
find Josh in a mighty aceomm odatin'
frame of mind"
Evening star., 1918-01-13
Economic Barriers y

- was expected, the PreAident's ref
oeece in his recent address to Congress
- the removal Of "an economic bar
ffesS a3eee The war is now being q
1hined. Some Of the republican lead
cRA. always alert On the subject Of tn
taxaf, wondered ff It foreshadowed fire.
trade.
. Ibis is from = news story, given, /
Ii skateG@ea. tie highest authority:
@As explained Today, this means III,
sspen door in trade &Aa- equal uppor
taaSty to Ail, but Il does NOT sAll 70,
renoval Of tariffs. Ia fact, as one higl
o1slal explained today, tariffs would b
vssally necessary for the nations Of th,
wefld after the war to replenish ths
fAancial Golfers which viii be badly ii
need of funds"
Nh. Wilson has never at any time in
- political life declared for free trade
N fact, in his first campaign for tht
pses6dency story circulated In Eng
had that he was free trader was EN-
fhakically denied. He has always IA
svofed low tariff, and presumably still
2bsors one. As President he has signed
~ low tariff measure-the one now on
The books.
70 what extent changes produced by
Tie war may have affected his tariff
views no one may say. Neither is there
Aaay basis fof speculation as TO what In
dstail will meet his views as to the
t16Ser tariff policy for this coaatry
aftef the war has closed, and all the
/ sfeat trading nations are hustling for
iednness. So much il In doubt as to
where the great nations will End them
efves at that time respecting trade, and
- 10 what should be done about fe.
wing what has ianguished ana fecov-
sstiA9 what has been lost, that specula.
s&eh either as 20 men or nations is quite
Y1aeA
s n was President Mckinley, a prctee-
aesAist Of protectionists, who, seventeen
iysefs and half ago, said at Buffalo in
what proved to be his last public ut
seefance: ~The period Of exelasiveness
- past. The expansion Of our trade and
eeEasneree is the pressing problem. Com
Aefeial wars are Improbable, ana a
pelfey Of ssod wilt and friendly trade
relations win prevent repfisals. Reel
;pf0eity treaties are In harmony with
itAe spirit Of the times, measures Of re-
taxation Are not. We must encourage
sdf merchant marine. We must have
'n5Re ships. They must be under the
American hag-built aad manned and
ssAed by Americans"
A merchant marine at last b build
4Ae, and viii be owned by Americans.
:NAen it il completed we shah be able
- take care of all the foreign trade we
eAa attract. Whist win be the best
iaeAhs Of attracting III 10 what extent
vwill reciprocity treaties enter into the
te4sAtioAf To what, II any extent, viii
- necessary to modify protection as
% the home market, in order to enlarge
6df participation in foreign mafketss
Evening star., 1918-01-13
SHOOTING STARS.
BY pH11ANDER JOHNSON.
Concession.

Concession.
"Think of what German science has
done for the world!o
"WeH," replied the man whose modes
of thought are rugged, IT didn't think
much Of turtle serum as consumption
cure and some of the other discoveries
in that line. But Pm strong for Frank
furter sausages and sauerkraut.o
Evening star., 1918-01-13

IL not suffering from shortage Of labor.
Freight embargoes and car shortage
ments OF cement to certain markets
and have htndered or interrupted the
operations Of most mills through de-
lays in the delivery of fuel and mill
supplies.
For the family which wishes to keep
poultry for home consumption rather
than for the market. the
Domestic so-called general-purpose
breeds are better suited than
1ouAtIy. what are known as the
egg-laying breeds. according to ex-
perts on this subject of the Department
Of Agriculture. Plymouth Rocks.
wyandottes. Rhode Island Reds and
Orpingtons are all good varieties. they
say. for the average person who does
not intend to go into the poultry busi-
ness on a considerable scale. These
make good table poultry Furthermore.
they will hatch their own eggs and
brood their own chickens, whereas the
Legherns and other breeds Of the egg
laying class do not sit. and the use OF
expensive incubators and brooders is
necessary in order to perpetuate their
fiocks. =,
Giving advice to the small poultry
raisers, the specialists say that the
prime essentials for small poultry
and space enough to keep the birds
comfortable. For the general-purpose
breeds about four feet of floor space
should be allowed for each bird. The
fowls should also have as much out
side, space as possible to run in. If
this area is too small the ground quick
ly becomes foul and in time makes it
difficult to rear chickens with good
is advisable. to divide the lot and to
sow part of il to the qtiick- growing
grains such as oats. wheat or rye. The
hens are turned on to the growing
grain when it is a few inches high
Under this method the yards may be
changed every three or four weeks dur
ing the growing season. A combina-
tton that has proved successful con-
sfsts of six or seven bushels of equal
parts of oats and wheat to the acre.
wheat alone being used for the last
seeding in the fall.
To secure a satisfactory number of
eggs the fowls should be fed both
dry mash and scratch ration. The
dry mash may consist of equal parts of
corn meal. bran. middlings and beef
scrap. This should be kept before the
birds In hopper all the time. A good
scratch ration is made up of equal
parts OF corn. wheat and oats, and fed
in litter four to five inches deep
twice daily. 1t is desirable that the
birds should eat about as much of this
as Of the mash. This means feeding
about one quart of mixed grain daily
to twelve Plymouth Rock hens or to
fourteen Leghorns. and an equal weight
of mash. Usually waste table prod
acts will also be available and these
may be made up into a moist mash in
place of the dry mash. In this case the
fof ,ot,
is substituted for the beef SCRAP. If ii
does not contain any considerable por-
tion of meat it should merely be added
to the dry mash
Evening star., 1918-01-13
Fame.

"The first thing I did when l got an
Office" said Senator Sorghum, ."was to
have lot of photographs TAKEN"
"And were they in demand9"
"They were. Inside Of twenty-four
hours I heard man Say he wanted a
good look at the picture of the rough
neck who had put it over on the voters
of his town"
Evening star., 1918-01-13

Vast sums have been paid cheerfully
for the encouragement and preserva-
tion Of art. But any expert in the
classic dances will agree that the price
that staggers humanity is outrageous as
demanded by Prussian militafism for
the exhibition Of that grotesque ac-
complishment known as "the goose
STEP"
Evening star., 1918-01-13
Federal Control and Trust Laws,
rom the New York Commercial.

From the New York Commercial.
When President Wilson connan
deered the railroads he made scraps O
paper Of the antitrust laws affectins
transportation. The federal govern.
ment is pooling trafic to gain eff
cheney, yet pooling is a crime. TIL.
war has opened the eyes OF the people
to the folly, 81 hghtinE with our hand.
tied IN fHdnish lSWk
Evening star., 1918-01-13

: Anything that Charles q. Hughes has
say is a benefit TO the thought Of the
1arent time. And he can say a great
sal more under present circua astanees
%me Court of the United States.
Evening star., 1918-01-13
This Years Socialist Program.
This is n news note.

"The national executive committee of
| the socialist party announced its plan
OF campaign yesterday to secure 4,O00,-
00O votes at the next election, In order
to insure this voting strength the COM
! mittee is now engaged in raising a fund
OF 81 100000 The money, which the COM
mittee stated Yves being subscribed rapid
iy by individuals and labor organizations,
will be divided between the expenses
OF organizers. and speakers and adver-
tislng material. Two hundred thousand
dollars is to be allotted for the expenses
Of 100 organizers and $130000 for 1872
campaign speakers. In its statement the
executive committee declares that 1918
wall mark the turning point in the his-
tory of the party"
Four million votes at the next election
November. The figures are very large.
But as these are days Of large figures
relating to all subjects, the socialists
may have simply caught the eontagion.
Still, extravagant as the expectation
seems to be, it merits because Of the
times certain consideration. When
first made last summer, the socialist
claim that in the New York mayoralty
campaign the party would poll hun.
dred thousand votes seemed extravagant,
and was SO characterized. It polled
nearly forty thousand votes in excess
of that figure. It came within ten
thousand votes Of being second in the
race.
Every day now adds to developments
| more or less surprising. Our new en-
gagements as nation are calling for
| many new devices. Policies hitherto
untried are now being adopted. How
they will work is for time to tell. In
ten months there should be more or
less definite showdown as to some of
them.
When this years campaigns begin,
socialist orators and newspapers will
take the ground that these new devices
are all tinetured with state socialism !;
| that the whole world, indeed, is now
| turning in that direction; that progress
| is rapid; that the end is certain, and
that America should show the way. One
hundred organizers and one hundred
and ninety-two orators will tour the
! country in the service of the socialist
party.
The program will not escape the at
tention of the two old parties. 1t should
not The prohibition party will not ap-
pear this year. Bull moosery, if not
| dead, is in eclipse. A party calling
Itself national is struggling for atten-
| tion, but not likely to secure much. This
| will make the socialist party the haven
for the discontented. Men out of touch
| and sympathy with the old crganiza-
| tions are not unlikely to ally themselves
with this new organization. They may
not subscribe to, may not altogether un-
derstand, its tenets, but may use it. as
sort Of general protest.
| The socialists are playing for big
stakes. Their first objective is Congress,
| where dozen or so votes might give
them leverage in the matter Of leg
islation. Their second objective is the
| presidency-not in the hope of captur.
| ing it, but Of impressing the successful
| candidate in 1920 with a sense Of their
| ~$ranw&h md snporfonpo
Evening star., 1918-01-13

fhe contempt in which the U-beat is
aeid reasAes . sHIminaiion when It. is
.aAAouneed as the one hope of military
lespotism.
Evening star., 1918-01-13
No Amusements.

care you going to amuse yourself
next summer by making gardena"
"Amuse myself? No. I'm going to
make garden and sit up nights
with it."
Evening star., 1918-01-13

In short time the question Of votes
for women will be universally settled
and the question Of what women will do
with taeif votes will arise.
Evening star., 1918-01-13
The Ego.

The ego is exceeding strong.
Though world catastrophes appal,
A simple toothache comes along
And makes man forget them all.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

Spoftsmanlike enthusiasm has its
limits. No further interest is shown in
the mere fact that winter has estab-
lished brand-new record.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

Occasionally an investigation brings
to feeellestiSh the remark Of the famous
Lord Dundreary: "There are some
things ne fefiuw can find out"
Evening star., 1918-01-13

An effort to get rid of red tape some
times operates only to put another kink
in the snarl.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

The existence Of vast resources in
the way of fuel is not doubted. The
question is the old, one of mobilization.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

The Eskimo has to live in a worse
climate than this, but he knows what is
coming and is prepared for it.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

Railway congestion has eliminated
one element Of pathos. The man who
is hustling to catch train is not nearly
60 much in evidence,
Evening star., 1918-01-13

Z. Berlin jeers the President Of the
limited States. aStfaahg" has not ac-
xShpiished aaythiAS d vet.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

IF reports Of destitution in Berlin are
trne atrocity has recoiled.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

A coal train may be sidetracked, but
cold wave never is.
Evening star., 1918-01-13
Congress and the
Pay Of Clerks.

/
erence to the sit
ernment clerks:
with the resumption Of its 1abors.
Congress is pretty certain to have
forced upon its attention the question
of increased compensation to govern
| ment employees. vexed question, we
| might call it, we suppose: for it is one
| that cannot well be ignored. and how
| ever disposed of 1t is likely to trouble
| in some way and to some extent those
who pass upon it II congressman,
who hold the purse strings. refuse the
increase asked for, they are placed in
the awkward and unenviable position
of having voted relief to themselves.
who give their services for a portion
of the year only. and deny it to other
public servants who work all the year
round just as hard and faithfully as
| they and for a much less rate OF pay
originally. II they grant it, they run
the risk of being called to account by
constituents with economical tenden-
eies, who imagine a clerkship in Wash
| ington. even at the present prices, TO
be competency for life. So, between
the two horns of the dilemma. 1t Is
hard to guess what will be the fate of
the measure.
"One thing is certain, however; If the
COmDenSaIlOn
and still paid the department clerks
was at all just or reasonable to either
side when fixed, 1t is grossly inade-
quate now. That it was both is. we
believe, generally conceded. Liberal it
probably was, but not greatly above
the average rates paid for the same
grade of service by large private es-
adjustments"
cot,
years ago were far from complete. or
satisfactory as
Unsatisfactory record. especially IN !,
Death Reports. deaths, for a reason
which is set forth In the following in
| The Star of January z. 1868:
s.The report of the secretary of the
board of health for the month of Decem-
ber shows that the mortuary statistics
for that month have not yet been pre-
pared owing, it is stated, to the neglect
of several of the undertakers to forward
their returns. A cotemporary urges that
| measures should be taken to compel the
undertakes to comply with the
requirements of the board. We appre-
herid that this is easier said then done.
Most of the burials are now made in
cemeteries outside of the city limits,
and no law of the corporation can
compel Ine unQeTtdheTS 10 Hldhc re-
turn of burials outside of the city. 1t
seems there is a wrang1e between the
doctors and the undertakers as to who
should properly make the returns. The
! undertakers contend that the physi-
clans are better qualified than them
selves to certify as to the cause Of
death; and on the other side it is
urged that in many instances deaths
occur where no physician is in atten-
dance, and that the undertakers only
have cognizance of all deaths. The
proper course would probably be to
either pay the undertakers for their
trouble and loss of time in making
the returns, or in the same manner to
obtain the returns from the sections
Of the different burial grounds. At
Glenwood cemetery, and we believe at
most of the rural cemeteries, the sexton
is required to keep a complete record
of all the particulars of age, sex. ma
tivity, diseases. etc, of interments, go
ing to make up full mortuary return.
Evening star., 1918-01-13
WHAT THE GOVERNMENT IS DOING

Tho once of the surgeon general OF
the Navy has been right on the Job in
connection with the care
| Health Of of the sailor boys. and
In spite Of the large IN
tne Navy. crease in the Navy since
the outbreak Of the war the health of
the boys lighting submarines is report
ed to have been good.
Prior to the outbreak Of the war COM
manding officers of naval hospitals
were directed to consider all the fea-
lures Of q possible situation calling for
large increase in their equipment, and
were directed to make tentative plans
for installation Of tents, beds and cots
to permit the maximum expansion.
Plans were definitely completed for
utilizing these institutions to their ut
most capacity. Likewise. in the matter
of stores, the bureau of medicine and
surgery of the Navy has been acquir-
ing large quantities of drugs. surgical
from the various medical supply de-
pots. The Individual hospitals and
ships also largely increased their re-
serve supplies. so as to be ready for
any emergency.
In addition to the facilities thus pro-
vided and being provided in naval in
stitutions, the medical officers in com
mand of the various naval hospitals
have been busily engaged in organic
ing the naval hospital bases and ar
ranging for adjuncts to them, such as
civilian hospitals, municipal hospitals,
private Institutions, either to provide
for evacuation on overflow of naval
hospitals or to receive patients direct.
Soon after the declaration of war
steps were taken by the bureau to
secure the cooperation and assistance
Of the highly trained sanitary officers
of the public health service. A law
was already In existence providing for
the utilization of the public health
service in times of threatened or actual
war in such manner as shall best pro-
mote the public interests. The Presi-
dent has issued an executive order
directing the service to work in CO.
operation with the Army and Navy.
at various points, assisting the medical
department of the Navy IN the selec-
tion and Inspection of sites for camps
and hospitals. in sanitary and labo-
ratory work and IN the manifold forms
Of endeavor represented by the various
naval districts
Evening star., 1918-01-13

Freight embargoes and car shortage
have also retarded or prevented ship
ments OF cement to certain markets
and have hindered or interrupted the
operations Of most mills through de-
lays in the delivery OF fuel and mill
supplies.
Evening star., 1918-01-13

Washington's vital statistics fift,
years ago were far from complete. Of
The sun., 1918-11-20
Christmas Here and in France.

This year Of all years the Ameri.
can people are moved to express and
are going to express their feelings
with Christmas rejoicings, Christmas
gifts, Christmas tokens of varied ma
ture. Having denied themselves, hav-
ing denied their children during the
war, parents are going to make more
of Christmas greetings and Of Christ.
mas glvings this year perhaps than
they ever have made before; and they
ought to. They ought to indulge
themselves to the fullest measure of
the promptings Of their hearts.
But when parents and other rela-
tives this Christmas would rather do
for their own men in France more than
for any others Of their dear ones,
shall they not be permitted to have
this pleasure? Shall our men over
there not be permitted to receive
more Christmas gifts than can 60 I'M
der the restrictions surrounding the
single tiny package 10 De delivered
through the Red Cross?
There should be. If the Government
acts there will be, plenty Of ships to
freight such packages Of Christmas
happiness across the seas. There is
plenty Of time yet to make the ar
rangements. Let the Government do
this for our people here and for their
boys over there.
Don't fail to make this Christmas
all that 1t can be made for those at
home and as well for those abroad.
with the war ended but with the
home coming for hundreds and hun
dreds of thousands Of those victorious
soldiers still weeks, months, perhaps
years away.
The sun., 1918-11-20
Collect e3.S3.

The ethics of the collect" telegram
had, we thought. been fairly we'll es-
tablished. 1t is the rule in business
to make the receiver of a message
pay the tolls only when he has
pleaded for the privilege-when he is
the favored party.
Did Colonel TIMOTHY S. WILLIAMS,
the president of the Brooklyn Rapid
Transit Company, signify to Mayor
HYLAN on or before October 81 that
he would be pleased to pay the costs
Of any message the Mayor chose to
send to him on the subject of the
strike? The question is pertinent, af-
feeling as 1t does the customs of bust
ness intercourse, because 1t was re-
vealed at the John Doe inquiry on
Monday that telegram sent to Colo
mel WILLIAMS by the Mayor on Octo.
Der 81, critlcislng him for his atti-
tude in the strike, was marked "col-
lect" and cost the Colonel 1888.
We do not suggest that the Mayor
should have paid the $3.50 out of his
own pocket. He was dealing with q
city matter and, unless Colonel WILL.
JAMS had invited collect" message.
the common unwrltten law of bust.
ness courtesy would have put the