davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
FEDERAL CONTROLOF
SPRUCE Mills FRIDAY
Eight Hour Day VIII Be In
augurated In Order to
Stabilize Conditions

Portland, Or, Feb. Beginning to-
morrow, when the government assumes
control of the spruce industry of Ore
gOn and Washington, fir and spruce log
ging camps and mills viii begin oper-
alton ON basic eight hour day. Colonel
Brice ?. Disque, head of the spruce
production division of the Aircraft
Production Board, announced this today
upon his return from the conferences
in Washington resulting in commander
ing of all spruce.
Establishment of the eight hour day
is partly to show the government S ap-
probation of the tireless energy being
shown in spruce production by the Loyal
Legion of Loggers and Lumbermep-
60,0O0 strong III the northwest. 1t is
also intended to stabilize working con-
ditions, as some camps recently chang
ed to the eight hour day, and workers
rushed to them from other camps.
The new government order eOmman-
deering the lumber industry has been
ratified by the Lumbermen' s Protee-
tive association. The new things the
government expects of lumber mill and
camp employees viii be outlined at a
meeting of employees representatives
here Monday.
Absolute confidence in Colonel Dis
que's efforts to speed production and
support of any action the govern
ment might take was expressed by the
Lumbermen 5 Protective association in
resolutions passed at the conference clos
ed here today. E. S Grammar Of Seat
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
In Middle Of Rainy Night Gas
Shells Begin Suddenly to
Drop Into Trenches
By Fred S. Ferguson

(OnIeu fresS SuaII Correspondent)
With the American Army In France.
Feb. 27-( Delayed The first detail
ed story of the German gas attack
which killed five American soldiers and
sent sixty-one to the hospital, was told
to the United Press today by Private
E. L. Hado, who was slightly gassed,
while trying to save a companion.
The stuff has funny effect, even
if it doesn't get you, so if 1 ramble
youIl get me right, won't you9' he
began.
II feel terribly dopey and want to
sleep all the time, but, anyhow, here 8
what happened.
"The boche showed us all day he
had our range down fine. He dropped
shells first in the front, then in the
rear trenches. We felt that possibly
something was coming off.
1t was raining and the trenches
were mighty wet. Then it stopped and
the moon came out. In the early part
of the night it was quiet. Between l
and 2 O'Clock, listening post heard
suspicious activity in the German
trenches and passed the alarm. Every
body at the post signalled for barrage
but the wires were cut.
"fThere was a terrific blast and a
flash across No Mans Land. was in
the post commanders dhgout. A shell
landed within ten feet and exploded,
splintering the door.
"Gas and high explosives poured into
the trench. The cry of gas arose as
everybody grabbed their masks.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
Austrian Distrust Of German
Intentions VIII Be Care
fully FOstered
RELATIONS STRAINED
LATE REPORTS INDICATE
Chancellor Hertling's Talks
Tends to Strengthen Amer
lean War Spirit
By Carl D. Groat

Omitted Press staff correspondent
Washington, FEB. 2S.-Despite the
manifest hopelessness of peace negoti-
lina'a termbi President Wilson will
make new attempt to increase Aus
trian discomfort with German junker
rule.
This was the positive conviction to-
day among international authorities
on the strength of official advices in.
dicating the straining of Austro Ger
man relations. These advices said Aus
tria refused to send troops into Rus
sla, Rumania or Ukraine, that the
meeting between the Austrian and
German rulers on February 22 was
cool and that Germany was ready to
strike Austria if she sought to split.
In the light of such conditions, it is
believed President Wilson will con-
tinue his peace terms talk, probably
availing himself at the same time Of
the opportunity to show up the falla-
cies and sham in Hertling's speech.
Austria, it is known here, is doubt
full about Germany's intentions in her
eastern drive. She sees herself reaping
no advantages from it, as Germany ap-
parently intends to maintain the whip
hand. And, Austria is chafing under
prolOngation of the war, especially as
Germany promised her that the war
would be over in 80 days and that Aus
tria would have a generous slice of
spoils.
In these circumstances, the feeling
of Austria is constantly more bitter,
but to date split has appeared next
to impossible because of Austria g fl
nancial obligations to Germany
Italy is beginning to talk of com.
plete elimination of Austria Hungary
as essential to secure peace Rome
messages today said this should be
done to avoid the danger of Mittel-
Europa. On the other hand, italian dip
lomats believe President Wilson is not
willing that Italian aims should be
sacrificed for the sake of a separate
peace with Austria.
The feeling of German officialdom
is rising against Austria, as evidenced
by German press comment.
Hertling's tone has done more to
stimulate a war spirit here than prob
ably any other diplomatic move of
CONTINUED on page twol
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
CUDAHY ORDERED
PRICES RAISED WHEN
Army wan TED BEEF
Wrote Manager at Omaha
That Government Would
Have to Pay ANY Price

Chicago, Feb. 2s.-Further intima-
tions of profiteering on army contracts
were given by Francis j. Heney, spec
ial government counsel, at the federal
trade commission s packing probe here
today.
Heney read telegram said to have
been sent February 6, 1913, by +. E.
Wilhelm of Cudahy and company, to
the Omaha branch plant, stating that
L. A. Cudahy had ordered the price of
cheek beef raised from 1917 cents to
IS cents, as there were prospects that
the food administration would revise its
regulations to permit canning of cheek
shank and bull meat.
That a certain army order twill be
ours at any price" was the claim in
a letter Honey read as coming from
.G. c. Shepherd, vice president of the
Cudahy company. Other letters stated
that the packers had been assured army
contracts would "'be made sufficiently
attractive to produce the entire amount
needed without risk to. themselves"
stated Heney.
Apportionment of government orders
among the "big five" packers follow
ed a conference with Colonel Kniskern
army buyer, was charged by Heney.
Competition was wiped out, Heney der
clared.
Heney said the price Of cheap meats
rose 80 l-3 per cent when it became
possible to sell it to the government.
Letters Heney read into the record
showd that the Cudahy Packing com
pany pushed experiments in canning
beef cheek and shank meat which up
to that time had been considered by
American and British army officers as
unfit food for troop feeding purposes
Formerly such meats were used prin-
cipally for sausages. On conservation
grounds the packers also urged army
officials to raise the ban against
seeding bellies for bacon.
Following up his yesterdays Is show
ing that leading politicians acted as
LOBBYISTS for the packers and other in
terests in Washington, Heney today in
trodueed letters to show that the pack
ers tried to defeat Congressman Dudley
Doolittle of Kansas because of his ae-
tivity against them.
An outline of the army eommissary
department s plan for purchasing bacony
read by Heney n a letter memorandum
by Vice President Shepard of the Cud-
ahy Packing company, indicated the
packers were to receive orders at prae-
tically their own figures.
Each Of the packers would so ahead
and put down in cure the quantities in
strueted and at tbs end of the month
they would figure up about what the
,,, ~
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
WINTER WEATHER is
AIDING ADVANCE ON
RUSSIA'S CAPITAL
Advance Through Marshes
and Across Great Rivers
Impossible In Summer
BY william G.. Shepherd
Jnited Press staff correspondent

New York, Feb. 2s.-This is the
time, selected long ago by the Ger
mans, for the capture Of Petrograd.
All well informed military authori-
ties in Russia have known this for
many months. 1t is the consensus of
expert military opinion.
Even if there had been no peace
conferences at Brest- -Litovsk, the Ger
mans necessarily would have to wait
until this time to make an attempt
upon the Russian capital, because they
could not do so without Jack Frost as
their ally. There was no means of TAX
ing Dvinsk except by utilizing the ice
in the marshes.
As for PetrOgrad, the frost of Are
tic winter has created a battlefield for
the Germans which could not exist in
the summer 1t is no less than the froz-
en- Neva and its vast mouth that flows
past Kronstadt to the Baltic. Fields
Of ice cover the Neva every winter.
One of the most popular and remuner-
ative trolley lines in Petrograd is that
which is laid-poles, wires, ties, steel
rails and all-on the Neva ice which
carried traffic lengthwise Of the city
during six winter months.
Hundreds of thousands of acres of
this ice field, strong enough to sup
port the heaviest artillery and trae-
tors, environ Petrograd. All danger Of
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
JAPANESE INTERVENTION
IN SIBERIA NOW DEPENDS
ON ASSENT or AMERICA

'gency that is expected to rise shortly
as result Of the resumption of the
WAR against the Russians by Germany.
Japan has twenty divisions in her
regular army, with a peace strength Of
ten thousand to a division. The war
strength is approximately $4,000 and
of these 100000 regulars it is believed
that fifty thousand are at Kiao Chau
now.
A substantial force is stationed in
Korea and in the event of Siberian
drive these troops will be used as a
nucleus of an expeditionary army. Ko-
rea is only 81 hours from Japan by
boat and a mobilization there of jap
anese troops could be effected without
trouble or great delay, military men
point out.
CONTINUED on page threel
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
SEVEN WET STATES
BAR Prohibition IN
UNITED STATES TODAY
It WiI Be Necessary to Con-
vert These to Prohibition
In Order to Win

Washington, Feb. 28.-Seven wet
states today barred the way to national
prohibition.
Submitted to the states by congress
early this season, the prohibition amend
ment to the constitution already has
been ratified by seven state legislatures.
Twenty two dry states which have not
yet acted are counted sure to line up a
solid twenty nine states in favor Of a
drinkless America.
Remaining are nineteen wet states,
seven of which converted to prohibit
tion would mean the necessary thirty
six--or three fourths majority.
Prohibition forces already are claim
ing eleven Of these wet states: Texas,
Florida, Delaware, Minnesota, Wyoming
Nevada, Ohio, Missouri, Massachusetts
Vermont and Louisiana.
OF the seven states which already
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
Members Of Allied Diplomatic
Corps Move to VolOgda to
Insure Safety
LOYAL DON COSSACKS
WILL DEFEND CAPITAL
Austrians Positively Refuse
to Send Troops to Join In
Invasion Of Russia
By Joseph shaplen

Omitted Press Staff Correspondent
Petrograd, Feb. (Morning).-
The American envoy left Petrograd last
night for Vologda, accompanied by the
Japanese, Brazilian and Siamese ENJOYS.
Vologda is the principal city Of the
province of that name, 375 miles east
of Petrograd and 275 miles north Of
Moscow. From this point the ENJOYS
can travel by rail either to ArchangeI
400 miles north, or to Moscow, where
they can take the trans-Siberian rail-
way to the Pacific coast. The former
place is ieebound and practically un-
tenable until late spring.
United Press dispatches have already
intimated that Ambassador Francis
would go to San Francisco, when he
left Petrogard. There is also the pos
sibility he may remain at Cologda or
some other interior point for some time.
The American embassy's affairs are
believed TO. be in the hands of the
Norwegian envoy. United Press dis
Continued on page three)
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
HELD UP SECRETARY.

: Cleveland, Ohio, Feb. 2S.-
!, Paul Martin, 33, on trial here
. today On a burglary charge, told
: hcw he held up, Mar Secretary
: Baker in 1905. y
"I got a watch and $45 from
; Baker" Martin told the prose
: cutor.
; "Was that all you got9" he
; was asked.
; 81 took a small black pipe
from Baker," Martin answered,
: "bpt it seemed to hurt him so
; much L returned the pipe"
/; X X x X 4 X x X 4 x x x
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28
ATTEMPTS
TO Hold GERMANS
HAVING GOOD EFFECT
Resistance to Invasion Is
Stimulating Unrest In Parts
of Central Empires
By J. W. T. Mason
Fitten for United Press

L
New York, Feb. 8.-Revoiutionary
Russia s resistance to the German arm
les is beginning TO stimulate new un-
rest against the kaiser s militarists in
Germany and Austria-H Hungary.
The denuneiation of the German gov
ernment s Russian policy by the reich
stag socialist leader Seheidemann, and
the refusal of Austria Hungary to par
ticipate in the Russian adventure
strongly indicate that the Russian revo-
lutionary infection is again demonstrate
ing its vitality in the central empires.
Heneeforth the Hindenburg clique must
pay close attention TO the moral power
of the Bolsheviki, as well as to their
military position
The drive against Petrograd may even
be halted because Of distrust among the
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28

Oregon: Tonight
and Friday fair;
light southerly
winds.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1918-02-28

Continued on page si1)
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-01-26

ent time, is placed by the state fores- try officials at $9,000,00O to $10,Oo0,- 900. Other pests with appetites that cost the United States more than $500. ,000' annually, such as the gypsy moth, brown tail moth, San Jose scale, the cotton boil weevil, etc.. are immigrants from abroad which might easily have been kept out of the coun- try had the proper precautions been taken. This is tax of $5 on each person in this country, or $25 for a family of five-a considerable item in the cost of living.
 The United States is the only coun- try in the world which permits rather free importation of nursery stock from other countries. We have depended in the past upon inspection and the result has been a failure, be- cause no inspector can find every one of the pests which are carried on the plants. A single shipment of plants from Brazil brought several hundred different kinds of insects with it. Most of the insects were new and their pos abilities of destruction were unknown. At the present time there are more than three thousand insects, and ap- proximately as many fungus diseases which have their homes in foreign lands and may prove highly danger ous if introduced here. It is a fact that it is impossible to estimate how serious the ravages of an imported pest may be until it is so firmly estab- lished here that there is no hope of it's eradication.
 This is explained first because the
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-01-26
Spread Through the Me- dium of Currant and Gooseberry Bushes IS the Destruction of Our White Pine a Partofthe German Propaganda?
By Russell T. Edwards.

N THESE DAYS of the cry for
 ships, ships, and still more
 ships" attention of the American @ public should be directed to the white blister rust, which is destroy ing thousands of white pine trees throughout the country, and threatens destruction to the entire growth of this; the most valuable asset of our forests.
 Like the chestnut blight. the white pine blister disease is native of foreign lands and was introduced here on nursery stock. The original home of this disease is northern Flu rope. While a few importations of the rust were made from Holland, France and Great Britain, one nursery in Germany may be said to be re- sponsible for the present wide spread of the disease in the Eastern United States.
 If the introduction of this destruc- tive disease into the United States and Canada was deliberately plotted by the Germans, as some people believe, they chose the most effective agent that could be found to destroy the usefulness of the American forests of the future. For nearly three cen turies white pine was the leading commercial tree of America, and the pre-eminence of white pine in the lumber industry is recorded in the history and statistics of the trade, Other woods in recent years have sur passed white pine in output and use
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-01-26

principles of gardening-was the nat ural forerunner of the Liberty War Kitchen; for what could be so ob- viously needed as an advanced class for those interested in food produc- ton, one which would be class in conservation of the food produced? :? So, the kitchen was started and f. nanced by this group of women during it's early days of formation.
 The work of the Liberty War Kit chen is eminently practical. It has theories, but it puts them into prac- tice-and teaches untrained women to do likewise. Already, it is a potent factor in the practical application of the principles advocated by the Food Administration.
 To quote Miss Aldis, chairman of the executive committee, "The aim of the Liberty War Kitchen is to teach the women of Washington to save food, especially to save those kinds of food needed by men fighting to save, not food, but human life, prin- ciples of pure democracy and civiliza- tion itself. In technical words, our object Is to plan economical and ade- quate meals which conserve sugar, fats, meats and wheat and to enable women inte1ligently to conform to the food pledges; to interpret and dem- onstrate what the Food Administra- ton is requesting of the American public.
 Economy and saving of white flour, sugar and animal fats, with the idea especially of popularizing sub. stitutes for them-such substitutes
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-01-26

will presently find out most em- phatically and somewhat to their con- sternation. In the afternoon the con servation of sugar engages the serious attention of the class.
 Thursday strikes a new note. Dis cussion of meat substitutes occupies two hours in the morning; this, ob- viously, is popular class. In the afternoon there is a special class for colored cooks, to demonstrate that conservation means the saving of food, not money.
 Saving In Fuel Is Effected.
 Quick bread" takes lot of time on Friday; for the instructors are placing great emphasis upon its wider use. Quick breads-such as mullins, pop-overs, scones, spoon-bread, etc. require far less cooking than does the ordinary kind Hence, an appreciable saving in fuel is effected. In the aft ernoon the women are taught how to make and to use a fire1ess cooker.
 Saturday is the big day. Despite the many household tasks generally performed on that day, preparatory to Sunday with it's more elaborate menus, the women still find time to attend class. There is a lecture upon food values; the preparation of bal anced menus is expounded, utilizing the principles taught during the week; recipes are tested. discussed and ex- changed-these being modified by the experts so as to fulfill all the require ments of the Food Administration; and criticism and comment upon the previous weeks lessons refresh the memory and give opportunity for a culinary experience meeting" so to speak.
 Wars are won or lost in the kit chen," is the inscription which hangs in the work room; and it is the spirit which dominates the work
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-01-26

then take out of the mold and serve with cream sauce made with water in place of milk and using some of the oil Gas part of the Hquid), in which the salmon was canned. This is ap- proved by the Food Administration:
 The wheat flour substitutes are oat- meal, rye four, potato flour, bran flour, and soy bean pulp four. These furnish the materials for war bread. The recipes are furnished by the Food Administration and worked out by the experts at the kitchen with variations in the proportion of ingredients, so that while the kitchen has numerous bread recipes in its card index which give directions for making different kinds of economical bread, it is most enthusiastic about the so-called war bread, which uses mixture of rye flour, whole wheat and white flour instead of all wheat flour.
 The recipe is as follows: One quarter cup of rye flour, three-quar- ter cup of whole wheat four, three cups white flour, one and one-quarter cups luke warm water, one and one half teaspoonfuls salt, one-half yeast Cako-COunD1ne dS III udh4AS OIAS1 breads and bake in the usual way. Recipe For Oatmeal Bread The oatmeal bread also nets the l housewife who uses it an appreci- able saving in her flour supply. The recipe is: Ingredients: Seven eights of cup of boiling water, one cup of oat flakes, one and one-half teasTecnfE-ls of corn syrup, one and one-half teaspoonfuls of salt, one-hah yeast cake, one-eighth cup of luke warm water and about two and one-
 half cups four. Pour the boiling water over the oat flakes in bowl; add the syrup and salt. allow mixture to stand until luke warm; then add the yeast in luke warm water ana enough bread flour to knead
 Knead it Is minutes and set to rise in warm place until three times it's size. Then knead it for about five minutes and put it in a greased pan and allow it to again rise to three 1 times it's size. Then bake in mod crate oven for from 45 to 50 min ] utes.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-01-26
NLAq } "

plant disease or insect finds new con ditions of climate and new food plants which may be especially favorable to it's development. Equally important is the fact that in its native home the pest finds its development limited by enemies which maintain the balance of nature. When brought to our shores, free from it's enemies, it has the chance to spread like wild fire. This is illustrated by the gypsy moth, where a single pair of insects acci- dentally escaped and in a compara- lively few years the expenditure of million dollars annually was insuffi- cient to control their ravages and limit their spread into new territory.
 A vigorous campaign to place an embargo on the importation of all foreign nursery stock except such as is brought in by the United States Department of Agriculture and grown under quarantine, has been started by the American Forestry Association. Other organizations are assisting in the movement. Even the nursery men themselves are rapidly coming to the conclusion that very strict pre- ventive measures must be adopted if their business is to continue.
 The Forest Regiment.
 In war ridden Europe they are alive to the value of scientific forestry and the loss that bids fair to reach a billion dollars in this country from e 4I,1K in Europe from war losses, With this in view the largest regiment in the world, the Twentieth Engineers (Forest) will command the attention and respect of Allies and enemy alike. This regiment has already sent a part of it's forces to the French war zone. When the entire organization is in service, which will be in the near future, the roster will show approxi- mately 1000 officers and men, or ten times as many as the ordinary regi- ment.
 In the Twentieth there will be ten battalions of foresters, woodsmen and lumbermen, with strength of, 7,500 enlisted men. In additions there will be nine service battalions composed of 7,250 enlisted men to work as laborers in connection with the activities of the regiment. Colonel W. A. Mitchell, U. s. A. is in command. He is a West Point graduate of first honors and is native of Georgia.
 This regiment is the second to be organized in the United States for service in the forests of France. The 10th Engineers (Forest), went across the ocean last summer. In the two regiments there will be a total strength of 9,200 American foresters and woodsmen in service in the war zone. The work of these organiza- tions is under the general supervision of Lieutenant Colonel Henry s. Graves, United States Forester, who is designated director of forestry with the American Expeditionary forces,