davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

more than one-third of the food nutri-
ents 1t is worth at least one-half as
much as the grain, or $3.50. How
many farmers will willingly leave in
the field $3.50 an acre? Yet this is
done in many sections OF the country
where the corn IS husked and the
slower left in the field.
But suppose the dry slower is fed as
roughage. Even then 1t is not well
saved as completely as in sllage.
When, under ordinary farm conditions,
corn is cured In the shock the loss of
dry matter is approximately % per
cent and may be as high as As per
cent. These losses are due to the
breaking off of leaves by the wind and
In handling, and to destructive fermen-
tatiOns. The loss of dry matter in the
sllo is very slight when the silo Is
tight and the silage well packed at the
time of filing. AS silage the corn
stalk is all consumed, but as slower
only the leaves are eaten unless 1t is
shredded, and even then great part
of the stalk is discarded. Some feed
Ing experimentsN show that even in
shredded slower the portion discard
ed is as high as 81 per cent. This is
In addition to the loss of dry matter
during the curing process.
Too frequently an unfavorable sea-
son like last year results in the loss
of the whole corn plant or in immature
soft corn that is Of little value. BY
far the best method to utilize corn
which is immature at harvesting time
Is to put 1t into the silo. Even frost
ed corn will make satisfactory silage
If harvested at once. If it becomes
dry, 1t may be saved by adding wa
ter during the filling process.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
GARDEN TOOLS NOT COSTLY
Large and Expensive Assortment Not
Necessary In Home Garden
Three Indispensable.

prepared by the United States Depart.
ment Of Agriculture.l
In order to have home vegetable
garden IL is not necessary to acquire
a large or expensive assortment Of
tools. A spade. hoe and rake are the
only tools that are indispensable. A
garden line can be improvised from
pieces Of Irvine, and two sharpened
sticks win serve as stakes. A trowel
can be fashioned from a piece Of thin
board or from shingle. while a serv-
ieeable seratcher or weeder can be
made by driving three slender nails
through the end OF piece Of lath. An
ether kind of good weeder can be
made from a piece Of hoop iron bent
into loop and one edge sharpened
A wheel hoe, or combination wheel
hoe and seed drill, Is a splendid tool,
and there are a number Of small hand
tools that are useful IN the garden,
but these are not essential.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
RIGHT HANDLING
SAVES HAY CROP
Proper Time Of Cutting and Rak-
ing Are Important Factors in
Harvesting.
BEST Time OF DAY TO NOW
With Small Acreage II ls Customary
to Wait Until Dew Is off-erow.
er Should inform Himself by
Making Experiments.
prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.l

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
There is considerable difference of
opinion among hay growers as to the
best time Of day to NOW hay. Some
never cut hay when the grass is wet,
others start moving at any time, and
some NOW in the afternoon only.
When considerable hay is grown 1t is
necessary to keep the mowers going
most of the day. Some growers of al
falfa in the South and East NOW hay
even when a light rain is falling, be-
cause unfaVorable weather makes it
impossible to get the crop in time If
the moving is all done in good weather.
When the acreage grown is small, 1t
is customary to wait until the dew is
off or to cut only in the afternoon.
While this practice is desirable in some
cases, in others 1t is merely wasting
valuable time and 1t should be follow
ed with careful judgment. In other
words, the hay grower should inform
himself by experiments or by the expe-
rience Of his neighbOrs as to the earliest
possible time in the morning after a
heavy dew at which It is safe to start
moving under different conditions, con-
sidering the amount of moisture con-
tanned in the upper surface of the soil,
whether the yield is light or heavy,
the weather, and whether or not ted
der is to be used. All possible loss of
valuable time, such as Is entailed by
having hired help idle or employed at
work which is less profitable and neces-
sary than making hay, should be avoid
ed.
1t is important to know how much
hay to have down at one time. 1t is
not good practice to have two or three
times as much hay cut down as can be
hauled or taken in in one day. Loss
of quality can be avoided somewhat
by having the mowers only one day
ahead Of the crew hauling; then If q
rain comes up a minimum amount of
hay will be damaged.
Tedding.
The best way to cure out freshly cut
hay is to stir up the swath with ted
der before the top leaves dry out.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
TRACTOR GAINING in
POPULARITY IN WEST
Machine Reported Profitable BY
Owners in Corn Belt.
Principal Advantage Reported Is abb.
ity to Do Heavy Work Quickly
Saving of Man Power Also
of Importance.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture)
Evidence of the growing popularity
of tractors on corn-belt farms Is
shown by reports made by more than
60 tractor owners, nine out of every
ten reporting that their investment
in a tractor had proved profitable
These data were obtained In the sum
mer and fall of 1917, and in the spring
Of 1918 on representative Illinois farms
by specialists of the United States de-
partment Of agriculture, in order to
determine just what conditions justi-
fed the purchase Of tractor in that
section. Experienced tractor owners
who made reports stated that tractors
will prove profitable on most corn-belt
farms Of $50 acres or more, while I'm,
their opinion they should not be ex--
pected to do so on farms of much less
than $50 acres. The report of the In
vestigators, published as Farmers
Bulletin 963, states that while the fig
ures were obtained in only one state,
they are applicable throughout the corn
belt and that the prospective tractor
purchaser may reasonably count upon
eQualing the average performances re-
ported in the study.
Nearly three-fourths I'll per cent?
of those who reported owned tract
ors capable of pulling three plows-
Eleven per cent recommended two
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
lime to start Sheep Raising.

Late summer or early fall is the
most favorable time to make a start
In sheep raising Ewes may be pro-
cured more readily at this time, and
when purchased may be kept on
meadows, grain stubble fields, or late
sown forage crops to get them in good
condition for breeding
Experience with the ewes through
fall and winter will also make a be-
ginner more capable of attending to
them at lambing time 1t is seldom
possible to buy any considerable mum.
Der Of bred ewes at reasonable prices.
The inexperienced sheep raiser
should begin with grade ewes of the
best class available and purebred
ram. The raising Of purebred stock
and the selling Of breeding rams cap
best be undertaken by persons expert
eneed in sheep raising.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
HARVESTING SOY
BEANS IN SOUTH
Mechanical Seed Pickers Now
Being Used Successfully in
Many Localities.
new MACHINES ARE Big Aid
Growers In Many Districts Now Con.
slider II No More Trouble to Gather
Crop Than Oats or Wheat
Time for Work.
prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculturel

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of AgricultureJ
The difficulty soy bean growers have
experienced in harvesting their crop
has been the greatest handicap in In
creased production, but the develop
ment Of new machines and accumu-
lated experience with the crop have
overcome most of the troubles previ-
Ously experienced. Growers In many
districts now consider it little II any
more trouble to harvest soy beans ex-
cept for hay than it is to harvest oats
or wheat.
Harvesting soy beans for hay Is
practically the same process as har.
vesting cowpeas for hay. ANY differ
ence is in favor Of the soy beans, fO-
the vines grow more erect and do not
become tangled like COW peas. Soy
bean hay is usually made by cutting
when the pods are half filled and par
TALLY curing in the swath before rak-
ing. Sometimes a tedder is used for
curing, but not often. After the soy
beans are raked into a windrow they
may be hauled directly to the stack or
barn, but the usual custom is to shock
them on hollow racks made of poles.
When the soy beans are shocked on
these racks there is hollow space on
the inside which allows a passage Of
the air and causes more rapid and
thorough curing. The hay is so thor
oughly cured on these racks that 1t
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
s4s4spsRs4sHs4s4sps4s4s4sS
GET FERTILIZER ORDERS IN
Essential That Dealers and Manufac-
turers Know Needs Of Farmers
Soon ss Possible.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture
1t Is important that farmers who ex.
pect to use fertilizers on their wheat
this fall place their orders early %
dealers and manufacturers know farm
ers' needs as soon as possible. -
that orders can be combined ana
car space used to the best advantage
Transportation difficulties require
that freight cars be loaded to
their rated capacity. Delay in order
Ing. it is said. may result in a repeii-
ton OF last springs experience when
mlny farmers failed to receive their
mixed fertilizer and acid phosphate
until after planting time.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
Be a Weed Detective.

II the first appearance in this coun-
try Of weeds, such as Russian thistle,
field hawkweed, and Canada thistle,
had been reported, much Of the loss
and trouble they are causing might
have been prevented. 1t is important
to report to federal or state authori-
ties the appearance of new weeds and
to take precautions to prevent their
spread.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

pillow machines, while 10 per cent ad-
vocated the use of four plows. In an
swer to the question "What do you
find to be the principal advantages OF
a tractor for farm work." the answer
indicates that Its ability to do heavy
work and do 1t quickly, thus cover
ing the desired acreage within the
proper season, was considered the
principal advantage. The saving Of
man power and the doing away with
hired help, enabling man to farm
larger acreage and thus increase
the crops he can raise, was next in
importance. The ability to pillow to
good depth, especially In hot weather,
was also emphasized.
Under disadvantages the difficulty of
efficient operation was the principal
point, and this fact should be kept In
mind by everyone who considers the
purchase Of tractor, says the bull
letin. In this connection 1t suggests,
that tractor owners take a course of
training under competent instructors
In this line, as the results Of such a
course usually amply justify the tine
and expense involved. Packing Of
the ground when damp was mentioned
by several owners as a disadvantage,
but not as frequently as was the case
when more of the older and heavier
machines were In use. The expense
delays, and inability to use the tractor
for some kinds of work for which
horses could be used were disadvan.
tages mentioned by several owners.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

hNaNAuA nay WIN HhaN@
This should Be Done Before
Leaves Become Dry Enough to Shat
ter When Raked.
When the leaves lose their moisture
and become dry before the moisture
from the stem Is removed, the process
of curing is very much retarded. The
tedder is especially valuable in curing
alfalfa and clover hay. or heavy yields
of any kind. No set rule can be given
for using the tedder, but 1t should fol-
low the mower from two to six or more
hours later, depending upon yield, kind
of hay, velocity of the wind, tempera-
ture, clouds, etc. The function of the
tedder is to kick up the hay and allow
1t to cure out evenly. The tedder does
more damage than good by breaking
off the leaves, If used after the leaves
have become dry. 1t is used on hay in
the swath, seldom on hay in the wind
row.
To induce rapid curing, 1t is the Gus
tom of some hay growers to ted the
hay twice the same day.
Raklng.
The practice of raking hay into wind
rows with either a sulky dump or
side-delivery rake Is almost universal.
The exceptions are where the hay is
loaded on the wagon directly from the
swath by means Of hay loader, or Is
gathered from the swath with a sweep
rake. These practices are rare. be-
ing followed usually only when the
yield is heavy.
1t is safe to say that most hay is
cured almost entirely in the swath; In
deed 1t is a common practice to COM
mence hauling or stacking hay imme-
dIately after II is raked. Under GER
tain conditions this practice is allow
able. When the yield is light. or when
a heavy yield is stirred several times
with the tedder. and especially If the
day is cloudy and there is good breeze
stirring. hay can be entirely cured in
the swath and a good quality made.
During hot. dry, sunshiny weather In
the middle Of the summer. however,
this practice Of curing in the swath
win not produce the best grade Of hay.
Under such conditions hay, especially
clover and alfalfa, should be raked In
to the windrow Just after IL is all wen
wilted and before the leaves become
dry enough to break OF when raked.
After being raked. the hay may be
left IN the windrow until II is ready to
be moved. o. Il may be put Into cocks
and left until thoroughly cured.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

ers' Bulletin 765, containing infOrma-
tiOn on the various breeds, their ORR
gin, general appearance, development
and adaptability; "Pig Clubs and the
Swine Industry" describing the pig
club work; Movable Hog Houses"
Secretary's Circular 1902; "Hog Hous-
es," Farmers Bulletin 49S; 1.-THE Self
Feeder for Hogs" Farmers Bulletin
COG; "Hog Cholera; Prevention and
Treatment" Farmers Bulletin 874;
Tuberculosis of Hogs" Farmers Bull.
letin ISL.
Don't forget that the meat line is Of
direct Importance to the battle line.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
WASTE ELIMINATED
BY MEANS OF SILO
Saving of $3.50 Per Acre on So
BuShel Crop Of Corn.
Farmers In Many Sections Of Country
Husk Crop In Field and Leave
stover-contaIns one-Third
Of Food Nutrients.

prepared by the United States Depart.
ment of Agrlculture.)
By making as much silage as can be
used stockmen will do much to con-
serve the feed supply. At least 81 per
cent Of the digestible material Of the
corn plant is left in the slower when
the ears only are used. When corn is
ensiled this 81 per cent goes into the
silo with the SO per cent in the ear.
The Importance of this saving will be
more apparent when given money
value. With a yield Of 30 bushels an
acre, the value of grain is $50. at $50
a bushel. Since the slower contains
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
CATTLE AFTER WAR

The United States at present
probably has more purebred
cattle of beef and dairy types
than Is possessed by any other
nation or combination of ma
tions, according TO the depart
ment of agriculture. At tho
close of the war European coun-
tries will require the different
types Of purebred animals to re-
build their depleted herds.
Study Of present and future
world conditions leads TO the
conclusion that continental Eu-
rope will bid high for the dairy
type, while Russia will require
all types, especially the beef
types. 1t seems certain that i'm
porting countries will require
cattle free from disease.
Disease eradication in our cat ,
tie is therefore a matter of the
highest Importance not only for ,
the benefit Of our own consum-
ers but to facilitate after-the-
war trade.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

can be baled out of the shock, which
frequently is done. The usual custom,
however, is to store the hay loose In
the barns.
Harvesting for Seed.
In harvesting soy beans for seed me-
chanical pickers are used quite extern
sively. These pickers are of different
makes, but oil have the same general
principle. They run astride the rows
and knock out the beans, leaving the
stems, leaves, and hulls on the land.
The machine is drawn by two mules
and operated by two men. One man
drives and another throws out the ex-
cess trash that accumulates In the
back of the machine. The picker Will
hold from to 8 bushels of beans.
When It is full, the beans are emptied
and handled In different ways. In one
common method the beans are run
through half-inch mesh sieve to re-
move the coarse trash and then are
sacked. One or two men handle the
sieve. These men may be the same who
operated the machine or they may be
extra men. After this the beans are
cleaned with tanning mill.
Time for Harvesting.
Harvesting with a picker begins
some time after the leaves Of the plant
have fallen. The time to begin is when
the first pods pop open and throw out
the beans. As the picker works best
only when the beans are dry, the ma
chine is not started In the morning IN
til the dew is of, which Is usually
from o to IL O'Clock. When the days
work is once started, II is customary
to continue work until nightfall with
out stopping for dinner. In the soy
bean district picking usually begins
about the last OF October and lasts
through approximately 10 days OF
good picking weather. II It rains, the
maturing Of the beans Is checked and
picking is resumed when the weather
again becomes dry. A machine VIII
pick from 8 to 9 acres per day.
Waste In Picking.
The waste of beans In picking usu-
ally varies from One-twentieth to one
fourth, and. as a rule. averages about
cne-eighth. II the plants are blown
down or have long branches so the ma
chine cannot handle them well. the
waste may be more than this, or If the
beans are left on the vines too late. so
that many Of them pop out. the vast
age may be higher. Varieties Of beans
that begin fruiting some distance from
the ground can be harvested with the
least waste By a picker. and this Is
one sovantage Of the mammoth yellow
SOY bean. Hogs are usually turned in
to clean up the waste beans. 50 that In
ERet there IS = very lite loss.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
WORK IN OLD CLOTHES
prepared by the United States
Department of Agriculture.)

VTepuTeu Ny tHe OHltcu othtcu
Department Of Agriculture.)
The idea of furnishing uni-
form for industrial workers.
while 1t appeals very greatly TO
sentiment, appears to be alto
gether impracticable. Farm la
Dor does not suggest a uniform.
For the most part, farm labor is
done in shirt sleeves and over
alls, and such town people as
may be induced to do farm labor
will find it more economical and
convenient to use their old :
clothes.-Clarence 0usley, As
sistant Secretary Of Agriculture.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
GOVERNMENT AND LABOR
prepared by tho United States
Dana rfr,anf Of A0ricultural

prepared by tho United States
Department of Agricultural
No department of government
has any authority under the law
% seize labor nor can the gov
eminent create labor. The best
we can do is to study each situa-
tion and to furnish information
and every possible assistance in
shifting labor from one neigh
borhood or region to another,
and IL that is not possible In a
given case to call upon the towns
and cities dependent upon agrl-
culture to mobilize all town men
Of farm experience for aid to
farmers, II need be, by substitute
ing women In stores and shops
in order to relieve the temporary
emergency.-Clarence 0usley,
Assistant Secretary of Agricul-
ture.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
ElohtInn the sheep-KlIIer.

Five states during 1917 enacted Inn
proved legislation TO protect sheep
from dogs. and similar action Is being
considered in other states. Protection
Of this kind means more mutton and
wool.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
Feed for YOUNG Calf.

When the calf is two weeks old
little mill feed may be added to the
milk. This quantity may be gradual
" increased.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

A concrete base for the separator "a
a good thing. but between Il and the
base Of the machine, bolt down q board
to provide elasticity.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

For persons who put mutton first
the SouthdoWn Is the best breed.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26
Develop MIX Capacity.

The capacity TO give milk Is deveb
oped In cows By breeding carry.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-07-26

Winter veteh Valuable.
Winter yetch Is especially valuable
Tor building up poor soils
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1918-05-30

abolished. Even now, when the
Lords attempt to thwart the
will of the Commons, there are
ominous threats of abolishing
the Upper House as at present
constituted.
England, not only has a demo-
cratic form of government but
it is one of the leading countries
in the affairs of the world.
The island position of Great
Britain gives it many advanta-
ges. It is centrally located
among the great trading nations.
It has much smaller standing
army than Germany, France or
Russia. Another result is that
she needs and always has a pow
erful navy, for otherwise ships
of hostile nations could cut off
her supply of food and stop her
trade with foreign countries.
Her minerals, manufacturing
and her commerce have helped
make her one of the foremost ma
tions of the world.
Dora Rasmussen.