davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
HEALTH OFFICER
MAKES SURVEY
Sergeant j. o. Cobb of the United
States Public Service Here
to Get Data.
HAS CHARGE OF FOUR STATES
Says Work is Not Confined to City,
But Is to Be Done Over
Country.

Proof that the work of cleaning
up the city of social diseases was
manifested today when Sergeant j.
o. Cobb of the United States pub
lie health service visited here to
confer with health authorities in
regard to the cleanup work.
Sergeant Cobb is a graduate in
medicine and has under his juris-
diction Michigan, Minnesota, Hi
nois and Wisconsin. He claims that
the work Is not confined to the
state or city, but is nationwide.
He said that the health work in
Rock Island was being carried out
very satisfactory and little trouble
should be experienced in wiping
out the social diseases that are
detrimental to the life of the SOL
der. Sergeant Cobb is here max
ing a survey and leaves for Chicago
tonight. Reports of the conditions
existing here will be turned over
to the proper authorities and later
developments will follow. He will
return to Rock Island at a later
date to assist in the work now IN
der the supervision of DR.. C. T.
Foster, city physician.
A consultation with the mayor
was held this morning. Local sit
uations and problems were discuss
ed in regard to the work. Sergeant
Cobb stated that he believed little
trouble would be experienced in
conducting the work that is to be
carried out here.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
SHOW RESULTS
IN BOOK DRIVE
People of Rock Island Responding
More Literally in Campaign
for Soldiers.
DRIVE TO CONTINUE A WEEK
VIII Not Close Activities Tonight
High School Pupils Make
Excellent Showing.

Rock Island is at last going
over the top in it's drive for books
for the soldiers.
Miss Ellen Gale, librarian at the
public library, who is in charge of
the campaign, announced today
that the people were responding
splendidly and she urged that the
good work continue. Il have not
as yet made a canvass of the var
ious sub-stations where books are
being collected, but | am confident
that our quota will be raised
Miss Gale said. The students at
the high school collected several
hundred books which will be
turned over to the committee Mon
day.
Although the national drive for
books for soldiers closes tonight,
the local committee will continue
to receive books for the men in
service next week also, and pos
sibly the week following. In the
drive held last fall here more books
were collected after the campaign
had closed than during the actual
week of the drive.
A great many of the books col
lected here will be sent to the camp
at the Rock Island arsenal, where
the men in service are badly in
need OF reading matter. Two thou
sand books is the quota Rock Is
land is expected to raise and it is
confidently expected that this num-
Der Will be exceeded by next week
Miss Gale Will prepare a partial
report on the number OF books col
lected the first part of next week.
Books donated to the soldiers
should be in good condition as they
will receive much handling after
arriving at the camps. Clean ffc-
ton, history and mechanical books
are given the preference.
Where to Leave Books.
If persons desiring to donate
books do not live near to the Ii
brary they may leave them at the
following sub-stations:
College pharmacy, 638 Thir-
ty-eighth street.
Dahlen's drug store, 5000
Fifth avenue.
Fifth avenue pharmacy, 1900
Fifth avenue.
Heimbeck's pharmacy, 924
Third avenue.
Long View pharmacy, 1901
Fifteenth street.
Schneider's pharmacy, 2700
Seventh avenue.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
BTSIEST MAN IN FRANCE.

Paris.-Captain Bouchardon, the
officer charged by the third court
martial of Paris with the investi-
cation of cases coming within the
jurisdiction of that court, includ-
ing the Caillaux case, is said to be
the busiest man in France. He has
just disposed of the Bolo case with
its 1000 documents, and has exam
ined an average of a case a day,
Sundays excepted, for three years.
They were mostly small affairs of
desertion, INSTRUMENTATION, swind-
ling and secondary espionage With
1917 opened the series of big cases,
beginning with that of Bolo Pasha,
followed by the affair of the Bon
net Rouge, involving eight persons,
the Caillaux affair and the Loutalot-
Comfy, and the Reuter- cases.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
BOY SCOUT NEWS

Troop No. held a meeting and
drill without guns last night at
the armory. Scoutmaster Il. G..
Mitchell had charge.
Scouts from troops No. and 10
served this afternoon az the Bel
gian relief depot on Twentieth
street.
The competitive drill without
guns between troop No. 10 and
troop No. l probably VIII be held
on April s at the armory, accord
ing to an announcement made by
Scout Executive w. +. Bacon this
morning. Medals for those who
won them in the first ana second
Liberty loan drives may be pre-
scented on that night Mr.. Bacon
wishes 1t to be distinctly known
that no guns will be used in the
competitive drill, only footwork and
marching formations being in e
cluded.
Troop No. 70 will meet at the
rooms of the Jewish Social Center
Monday night. Troop No. 3 will
meet with w. F. Bacon, scout eX-
ecutive, who will conduct the meet
ing in the absence of r. E. Koer-
Der. formerly of this city. now il
Washington, ID. G.
Troop No. will meet Tuesday
night with Scoutmaster o. v.
Perry. Due to illness and bereaye-
ment in the immediate family. Mr..
Perry has been unable to attend
scout meetings OF his troops for
some time.
Troop No. went on hike to
Little Mountain today. The boys
left Milan at 10 O'CLOCK and re
turned late this afternoon.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
PLEA NOT GUILTY
TO VIOLATION OF
ESPIONAGE LAWS

New York, March 23.-Pleas of
not guilty to charges Of violation
Of the espionage act for the publ
cation and distribution Of a pam
phlet entitled "The Great Madness
were entered IN the federal court
here today by Scott Nearing in his
own behalf and by the American
Socialist society through Morris
Hillquit, counsel.
Nearing, author of the anti-war
publication, formerly was profess
scr Of economies at the University
of Pennsylvania and at Toledo
university. He was paroled in Gus
tody OF his counsel today pending
furnishing of cash bail Of $4,000
which was demanded by the gov
eminent
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
FAIR ASSOCIATION
WILL MEET MONDAl

States Attorney Floyd E. Thonl
son announced today that a me-
ing Of the directors Of the Rock
land County Fair association VOC
be held Monday morning At
o'clock at Mr.. Thompson's once
the court house here. The n1
ter Of free attractions, bids (
buildings and other matters are
be the things considered.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
WEATHER TO BE SAME,

Washington, March 30 Weather
prediction for the week beginning
Monday issued by the weather bu-
reau today are:
For all districts: No decided
weather changes indicated during
the week. Occasional rains prof.
ably north Pacific states but none
of consequence elsewhere. Tenn
peratures will average somewhat
lower and more nearly seasonal
than during the preceding week.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23

schools OF the county and the pub
lie school pupils viii be received
and suitably placed in Springfield
Aug. 26 and during the state far
week, a special committee was ap-
pointed to look after the matter,
this committee consisting of S. W.
Searle of Rock Island, DR.. Gustas
Andreen of Augustana college and
P. 5. McGlynn of Moline.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1918-03-23
Obituary

Funeral Oi -Hrs. Sarah Hetaple,
Funeral services for The ~.
Mrs. Sarah McCauley, 6l2 TweIs,
street, will be held at the homa !,
a daughter, Mrs. Nancy Sims M
Fourteenth-and-a-half street Ma5l
day afternoon at 2 o'clock Re,
w. B. Slime, pastor OF the secopl
Christian church. will oficiate n
torment will be in Chippiannosk
John Plat.
John Plat, 1896 Twenty-sers,i
street, passed away at G o'clo,5
this morning at the home follow
ing an illness of several months
The deceased was born in Anal
Creek, New York, on May II, ls,
and was united in marriage \
Miss Isla Chittenden on Dec n
1872, at Warsaw, III. In 1875 al
couple removed TO Stuart. low
and in 1887 to Des Moines, whel
they resided for four yeara Tbs1
ASAb DC9 +hAOliAGb AOI DdNGQD0lL l1i
eating there for three years HI
1894 Mr.. Plat moved to Rock IA
land and has resided in this a.r
ever since. During his residence
here he made many friends and
was well liked by all who kns7
him.
Surviving him besides The widow
is one son, Hoyt W. Plat, Of Chl
cago, and one daughter, Miss Held
c. Plat of this city. Mr.. Plat w
employed as conductor on the Rod
Island lines for 3S years, retlrlli
six years ago on a pension.
He was a member OF Trio lOdgl
No. 81, A. f. & A. NJ, and a faith
full member of the South Pal
Presbyterian church. Funeral sgl
vices will be held at 70 oclos
Monday morning at the late hon4
Rev. w. C. Oglevee, pastor Of u
South Park church will oflcla
Interment will be IN Chippianno.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
FLU "FoRTIFIcATIoNs

One man feels that he has render
ed himself immune to any wandering
Gu germs that may come his way,
and certainly the number Of precau-
lions which the gentleman says he
has taken to prevent the disease from
getting a hold on him seem sufficient
to daunt even the most enterprising
Of germs.
Sulphur sprinkled in his shoes,
which the gentleman assures US win
penetrate the human system from
this vantage ground, just as surely
as If the sulphur were taken Internal
iy, is the first defense against the in
sidious germ. A piece of gum Of
camphor is constantly carried about
in his pocket. A drop Of forty per
cent formaldehyde on his handker-
chief is another knockout blow, and
any final resistance the "flu" germ
might make in face of such over
whemling forces, is downed by the
master stroke of small piece Of as
safoetida carried in another pocket.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
STOPS ANY COLD
IN A FEW HOURS
"Pape's Cold Compound,'
Opens Clogged Nose and
Head and Ends Grippe.
Relief comes instantly.

Relief comes Instantly.
A dose taken every two hours until
three doses are taken viii end grippe
misery and break up severe cold
either in the head, chest, body or
limbs.
1t promptly opens clogged-up nos
trils and air passages in the head,
stops nasty discharge or nose running,
relieves sick headache, dullness, few
erishness, sore throat, sneezing, sore
ness and stiffness.
Don't stay stufed-upl Quit blow
ing and snufflingl Ease your throb-
bling head! Nothing else in the world
gives such prompt relief as "Pape's
Cold Compound" which costs only a
few cents at any drug store. 1t acts
without assistance, tastes nice, causes
no inconvenience. Be sure you get
the genuine.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
Shifting Car
Tears Things Up
Around The Depot

Just at noon today, while all the
freight employees were evidently at
dinner, a freight train crew made
one Of the customary flying switches
on the track running along the rear
platform of the feright depot, but
the engineer evidently misjudged his
distance, for the flying freight car
smashed through the bumper" at
the ed nofNthe dead track, crashing
on through the wooden toilet room
which stands just outside the general
waiting rooms, tearing it to smith
Greens. A brakeman left with the
flying car was thrown or jumped to
the ground and was 50 BADLY injured
that he was sent to the local hos
pital.
1t is nothing unusual to see these
flying freight cars, turned loose at
random by the reckless freight crews
in their anxiety to clear the station
and get away. 1t is surprising that
there has not been a more serious
smash-up than the one just reported.
Fortunately, the accident happened
about the noon hour, when all trains
had passed, and for this reason doubt
less the life Of some person was
saved in the wrecking OF the toilet
building.
There should certainly be some
regulation regarding the careless
switching Of freight cars around the
passenger station. Our citizens have
stood for conditions which have been
nothing less than outrageous and for
accommodations that have been dis
grace to the town long enough. It is
time local officials take some steps
looking to the welfare and safety of
our citizens at the hands of the
Southern Railway company.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
MRS EMILY HARMON

Our little city and its hospitable
people, ever held a warm corner in
her heart. 1t was here the greater
part Of her life was spent, and when
the last hour came and the God of
eternity called her to her everlasting
rest, it was her request that beneath
the shady trees Of our silent city, sur
rounded by the beauty, happiness and
contentment Of our people, where the
birds MARBLE their most melodious
songs, should be the eternal abiding
place Of all that was mortal of her
AS the death dew gathered on her
marble brow, around her bedside
gathered her loved ones, and the life
so long interviewer with theirs was
watched with fearful eyes as it slow
ly but surely passed over.
In the death Of Mrs, Harmon
Greeneville has lost its oldest citizen
For several years she has made her
home with her son, at the old Harmon
homestead, where she has been ten
derby nursed and cared for. She is
survived by her two sons, Judge Dana
Harmon and DR.. w. w. Harmon, and
a large number Of grandchildren and
great-grand-children. The funeral
services will be conducted from the
home this Monday afternoon at 2
O'Clock. Interment will take place
in the family plot in Oak Grove GEM
etery.
Died, at her home on North Main
street in our city Saturday afternoon,
October 26th, 1918. at five o'clock,
Mrs. Emily Harmon, at the ripe age
Of "a.
Smooth the locks Of silver hair,
On our mothers brow with tenderest
care,
Gather the robe in final fold
Around the form so still and, cold:
Lay on her bosom, pure as snow,
The fairest, sweetest flowers that
grow.
Kiss her and leave her our hearts
delight;
Her pain Is over, she sleeps tonight. Z
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
FROM JOHN WILLIE MoRELocK.
Somewhere in France,

Dear Elsie
win aain write you a short letter.
Hope you are having a fine time. To-
day is Saturday and we are not drill
ing So as / was thinking Of you,
thought would drop you short
letter, We are having a very nice
time. | went to moving picture
show last night, 50 you see we have
somewhere to go, and it certainly
helps to pass off the time.
I guess you people had some time
attending the camp meeting in town,
did you not? / sure would like to
have been there, for | ealways en-
joy revival so much.
! think the French people have al
most forgotten their churches, as
they work most every Sunday. You
can't imagine how hard the women
and girls work over here. Well,
they have it all to do for the men
have all gone to war.
The people in the United States
are not thankful enough for what
they have in comparison with the
French and these other little nations.
We are in hopes that this winter
will end the war. win be glad for
! am very anxious to come back to
the States.
Well, CUES | had better bring
this letter to a close. Hoping to hear
from you often and wishing you a
happy time the remainded Of life, /
am still your good, true friend,
JOHN WILLIE MORELOCK.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
FOR SALE Registered Duroc Pigs
A. R. Self, Alton. Tenn, 182-5t.
BE A BOOSTER.

I'd rather be a BOOSTER,
The smallest one in town,
Than be the biggest knocker
And try to tear it down.
I'd rather be a BOOSTER,
And with the boosters stand,
Than be a lonesome knocker
A numbering the land.
I'd rather be a BOOSTER,
And only boost a mite,
Than be a knocker knocking
AT everything in sight.
I'd rather be a BOOSTER
And wear a pleasant smile,
Than be a grouchy knocker,
Complaining all the while.
I'd rather be a BOOSTER,
With purpose good and true,
Than sit around a-knocking
Now, sincerely, wouldn't you?
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
Y = r = = = =
BEWLEY'S CHAPEL.
4 i n \ 4 y \ y !

| The health of our community is
very good at this writing.
Messrs, Herman M. Blazer and
Lawrence Boles spent Sunday with
N B. Easterly.
Roy Cobble, of Midway, passed
through our burg Sunday.
Mr.. Earl Easterly spent Sunday
with Luke and Ray Blazer.
The three children Of Mrs. Lou
Smith are dangerously i'll with pneu-
monia. We hope for them a speedy
recovery.
Mr.. Jake Bacon was pleasant
caller at Pate's Hill Friday.
P. M Easterly was business Wis
itor at Newport Thursday.
Mr. Audry Busler and family have
moved from Mohawk to ofr com
munity.
Mr.. and Mrs, Victor Ottinger, Of
Parrottsville, spent the weekend with
Mr. and Mrs. L. G. Easterly.
Mr.. and Mrs. B. r. Easterly, Of
Rankins, are the guests Of G, |. East
erly.
Rev. William Patty, or Talbotts, is
visiting friends at this place.
Messrs. Joe Blazer and George OF
finger were business visitors at New
port Saturday.
Rev. Mr. Patty called at the, home
of r. M. Easterly Thursday.
Prof. r. H. Burkhart was the guest
Of Elmer Easterly Saturday after
noon.
Mr.. and Mrs. G.. |. Easterly had as
their guest Sunday Mr.. and Mrs.
Billie Easterly and family, Mr.. and
Mrs. Elmer Easterly and family, Mr..
II. P. Easterly and family, Miss Har-
riet EasterIy and Rev. Mr.. Patty, of
Talbotts.
Mrs. Laranza Smith and little
grandson, of Bybee, called to see Mrs.
Elmer Easterly Wednesday.
Miss Alma Easterly returned to
her school at Jones Chapel Sunday
afternoon.
Mr.. George 0ttinger, Miss Stella
Miller were married Sunday morning,
A. D. Blazer officiating.
We are expecting to have another
wedding to report soon.
Mrs. Jim Reaves, of Caney Greek,
is the guest Of Mr.. w. H. Reaves and
family at Pate's Hill.
Mr.. w. H. Reaves and family spent
Sunday with ]. ]. Moore and family.
Misses Marie and Hazelle Easterly
called on friends in our vicinity Sun
day.
Mr.. Henry H. Thomas, Of Greene
vile, called at the home Of P. NJ
Easterly Wednesday.
SUGAR BILL.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
COURTESY AND DIREcTNEss

SOON Ed AND DlkEGINESS
So you pride yourself on your
''finesse."
Your diplomacy and tact are pro
verbal.
You maneuver for what you want.
In other words you are dealing
with persons Yho must be handled
with gloves and you keep your hands
covered.
Why not be an American and deal
with directness?
It is only unreasonable persons and
children who must be worked" in
order to get them in line for what is
right.
on can never accomplish as much
nor as well what you have set out to
do If you employ the by-paths Or the
back-door route.
Come out into the open; state your
case; stand your ground; and if nee
essary, fight for the principles which
seem right to you.
Don't be a "mealy-moutE," taking
first one side and then the other, try
ing to see which way the wind blows,
or seeking the vulnerable spot to
strike. $ @
Be man among men.
Remember that a straight line is
the shortest distance between two
points, but be courteous about it,
That is the secret--courtesy and
directness, not finesse.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
SALE NOTICE.

/ will sell to the highest bidder at
my residence s miles southwest Of
Greeneville, near Mt, Airy school
house on Saturday the 9th Of Novem-
Der, the following property; Four
head Of work horses, colts, milk
cow, 2 fat hogs, one 2-horse wagon,
/ buggy and harness, 4 sets Of work
harness, 2 big plows, 2 double-footed
plows, 3 single-footed plows, har-
row, corn planter, | cane mill, some
corn and fodder and other things too
numerous to mention.
Terms made known on day Of sale.
Sale promptly at 10 o'clock.
CLARK Hulk.
184-2t & wkly.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
Bryants Real Estate Company

Has few more farms for sale
Come and see for yourself.
A fine farm, 1873 acres, modern inn
provements, absolutely level and in
fine state Of cultivation; good fences;
running water, and on good pike, for
ss10,5OO.
One farm proposition, 81 acres, a
| mile Of Greeneville; good building.
This will interest any one wanting a
good home and truck proposition.
Farms of all sizes and prices with
terms to suit the purchaser.
Town property of all kinds. Call
on us; we will gladly show you.
Bargain for $4,000.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

MIR. w. D. Bright, the Jeralds-
town merchant, is able. to be in the
city today. Mr.. Bright, as we'll as
several members Of his family, have
been laid up with influenza for the
past two weeks, but they are all i'm
proving he tells US.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Mr.. w. M. RAIDER will leave this
week for Pennsylvania, to accompany
home the remains Of Mr.. Walter G.
Roberts and members # his family.
The serious lines Of Mrs. Roberts
has prevented the bringing Of the re-
rains home earlier. she is nov re-
poatea to be out Of danger, and able
to return to her old horac south Of
GtseneviIle.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Friends Of Mrs. w. H. Doughty
will be glad to learn that her condi-
ton is greatly improved, as well as
that Of the three children, who have
been suffering from influenza and
grippe.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Mr.. w. @. Rosenblatt is confined to
his home with influenza. Two Of his
children are recovering from an at
tao kof the flu.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Hon. Fl. ]. Wisecarver has our
thanks for five yearly subscriptions
to The Daily Sun given in this morn
ing. They were J. D, Pierce, John
w. Hays, L. r. Pattison, W. A. Brad
lev and his own subscription, all go
ing to Mosheim, Tenn.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Tobacco buyers are beginning to
arrive, and warehousemen tell us
theywill all be on hands. when the
market opens next Monday,
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

If you have followed business fol-
so years and don't understand 1t,
would it not be good sense to quit il
and go at something that you can
learn? This is true of even blowing.
[ have been in the Sewing Machine
business for so years, have sold and
repaired almost all kinds. Surely ]
ought to know a good machine, and ]
DO. can, and viii sell you just as
good a Sewing Machine as is made
for much less than you can buy such
4 machine for anywhere else. Why
not save money? You haven't it to
throw away / don't suppose. Why
nay peddlers $50 to $50 for bringing
4 machine TO you, when you can save
that By coming after A or having il
sEIipped 10 your nearest depot. This
Is no Joke; come and see and
be convinced. or send for Illustrated
Price Lists. Shuttles and parts for
I'll machines.
All kinds of Sewing Machines
Thoroughly Repaired. My shop Is
aow near Mohawk. Tenn. Amy ma
chimes sent to me to repair should be
sent to Mohawk. prepaid. Any. ma
chimes brought 70 me TO repair should
Be brought to me. near Mohawk, on
Knoxville wagon ROAD.
NY postof6ce is Midway, Tenn. RI
1. JOHN n. MCKEE.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Mr.. Dixie snapp left today for
Pittsburg, Pa.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
HOLINESS TABERNACLE.

Prayer meeting Tuesday evening
at $40. A
Sunday school at 2 p. m. Every
body invited to be present at these
services.
RI M C0X c,,n+
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Miss saIlie Mcdonald has returned
from d visit to relatives IN Mosheim.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. Clss1tlc1B os1bcHstQ
In clubs of Eve you can Get The
Daily Sun BY mail for 81.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28
LOCAL and PERSONAL

Pure Pork Sausage at Hardin
Grocery Co.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-10-28

Mr.. j. f. Bullen is able to be out
again, after being confined for more
than d week with influenza and
grippe. His wife is also much inn
proved.