davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Era-leader. [volume] (Franklinton, La.) 1910-current, 1918-05-02

We will buy your COW peas
The Darlington Store. Inc.
Miss Ada Foil made a recent
visit to Mrs. Lucius Bateman al
Bush, La.
Miss Gale went home Satur.
day to attend her sister who is
seriously ill.
Just received, complete stock
Ut woven wire fence.
The Darlington Store, Inc.
Miss Matte Wheat of Boga]us !,
is a guest this week of Miss
Efie McElveen.
We will pay you cash for your
eggs.
The Darlington Store, Inc.
Born-To Mr.. and Mrs. Robt.
Darlington on Friday noon, a
daughter, weight 8 pounds.
Rev. @. N. Kimberlin motored
over to his old home Monday and
spent several days with bis fam.
lily.
Mr.. and Mrs. W. M. Wood
were Sunday guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. Robert Wood of New Or.
leans.
Lieutenant Ralph mccarthy
and D. O. Knight we're Camp
Beauregard representatives here
this week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leo OFT and MIR.
and Mrs. M. W. OFT motored to
Mt. Hermon Sunday for a day
with home folks.
Mrs. j. Vol Brock attended
the State Educational Conference
which held its annual session at
Pineville College Thursday. The
meeting was we'll attended and
All interesting campaign inaugu.
rated for presenting to the PEG.
pie the five educational matters
fostered by Louisiana Baptist.
Hon. j. Vol Brock and son
Burt Brock left Thursday oyer
the I. G. R. r. for Memphis,
Tenn, where they made a short
visit with relatives and transact.
ed business for the Motor Sales
& Service Co. The business was
to receive two Ford cars which
had been assigned a Memphis
firm to be turned over to
this garage, and which they
drove thru from Memphis to
Franklinton in something over
two days, making several inter
esting stops on the way. The
cars when they arrived here,
were delivered by Messrs Magee
and Greenlaw to Mrs. Celia Pierce
Of Sunny Hill, and Bob Magee of
Franklinton, two of their custo-
L IL
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

and the result Is that we have about
ten or eleven hours Of hard work a
day. Half our time, about, is spent
in lectures and recitations, and the
rest is spent in practical drill and ex-
ercises in the field. Our lectures in
clude such subjects as ballistics, forti-
fications, artillery materials, munitions,
wireless telegraphy, telephones and
automobiles, in addition to classes in
the principles Of the preparation and
conduct of Are, and in topography. We
have many drills with guns Of all
models, and also mounted drills out on
the parade ground. And twice week
or so we 60 out to the range to reg
ulate fire on imaginary trenches and
houses on a hillside. And 30 our work
goes on-up at In the morning and
work until 8 at night. In four years
Of war the French have systematixed
wonderfully their artillery instruction.
Nothing necessary Is left out, and
nothing unnecessary Is included. Twen-
ty students are grouped together into
what is called u brigade" Each
brigade has its own instructor, who
teaches them the fundamental subjects
and gives them drills. In all cases the
instructors are lieutenants who have
served at the front and who know their
business thoroughly. and from personal
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

experience. Ours has commanded q
battery for over two years. We Amer
leans form a separate brigade, and
ours is the first brigade to be com.
posed entirely of foreigners.
We sleep in large room big enough
for the entire brigade. Our beds are
not of the latest model for comfort,
being composed of wooden stats and a
stiff straw mattress. But good fellow
ship among US makes up for lack Of
comfort, and our room resounds every
night with such sounds Of merriment
that our French comrades open their
eyes with wonder. The average Amer
lean can pretend outwardly to be cheer
full at any time, and usually does, and
his cheerfulness is accompanied with
noise. In this point we differ from
our Allies, who are much more solemn
and quiet. And we eat our potatoes
and horse meat with the rest, but ono
has to be mighty hungry to enjoy these
staple articles which compose our
menu. However, the little restaurants
in town come to our relief, for we are
allowed TO leave the grounds between
and 8 every evening. On top Of
it all, we draw the regular pay Of o
French private, which 10 five cents .
day.
A few weeks ago we had . demon-
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

where 1t could never be reached in
case Of need. Probably this is only a
safety precaution.
! In this regalia we went across the
town to the school, to join the little
group of Americans already there. And
1t did seem good to find some fellow
countrymen to receive US, even though
they were disguised. like ourselves, as
Frenchmen. Our curiosity about tho
school was naturally aroused, and we
soon discovered few interesting facts
about its history. 1t appears that Ma
poleon founded 1t to provide officers
for his artillery. So he built the build
ings for 1t near his chateau, and made
them fit into the general scheme Of
his gardens and park. And so the
school came to be established on the
outskirts Of the town, and throughout
the last century 1t grew to be a grea,
centre Of artillery study and expert
ment.
A sort Of graduate school Of artil-
lcry, to it came the young officers to
perfect themselves in their profession,
and here came also the older officers
to experiment with new guns and ap-
pliances. And here they worked in the
quiet seclusion of this little town, sur
rounded entirely by the great forest
and lest In . psacafulnsss quite con.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
Proud of Serving
France and the Allies

But now we are getting along in our
course, and we feel quite like veterans.
Just lately the school has taken on
quite cosmopolitan air, wish the ad-
mission Of many more Americans re-
Gently arrived and Of a number Of
members Of the Polish Legion and Of
several Russian and Brazilian officers.
But as our days as beginners are now
far back Of Us, we have healthy dis.
respect for the newcomers.
And In a few short weeks we will
have finished. and We will find our
selves full-fledged "aspirants.s with a
bit Of gold braid on our sleeves. Then
we will 60 out to tho front for q few
months OF practical experience before
finally getting our commissions.
Al any rate, we are proud to be serv-
ing France and the Allies. and indi-
rectly our own country. In whose ranks
we would be serving but for the fact
that we have most Of Us been rejected
from the American army for physical
sessons.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
The Output in
Relation to MANS

The Pennsylvania Railroad has gone
the furthest and processes itself salts
fed with tEs rcsu t.. The unakiiled
labor Of men may in many cases be re-
placed by the unsk!l ed labor of women
without any distinctive change A
woman time checker aecomplishes a.
much work as man. SO does q woman
gate keeper or switch tender In the
reclaiming of scrap J. P. Murphy.
general storekeeper in Cleveland of the
New York Central, found that women
were superior to male laborers in sort.
ing and laying aside articles that
might be worked over. In the handling
OF light freight, in the cleaning of roads
and maintaining Of cars they were
found to equal the average of the men
they had replaced. On the side Of
skilled work it was found that a high
degree of efficiency may be developed
by woman in light machine work.
rather remarkable considering how un.
acquainted the average woman land
these are largely average women) Is
VIII things mechanical. The quantity
OF work turned out by women is not
equal to that Of men. but nearly every.
where women have been anxious to po
on p.eca work where a premium In
placed on the speeding up of output
In accuracy, in caution in matters Of
safety. in sticking to the Job, women
are perhaps the superior of men.
Fewer accidents occur to women thar
70 men on Iae same job and there are
no women "hoaters."
In tne final analysis the question of
women's work on The railroads. as IN
other unusual conditions of work which
ene war has opened to them, the ques-
tion Is not SO much How can they
be used Z" as Whexe should thew be
used?" There is apt to be some thing
misleading about the ease with which
women can be substituted for men. The
great necessity is for survey of the
industry that will investigate and make
sure OF the places where women can
properly and efficiently be substituted
The most favorable conditions under
when they best do that work.
The question of fatigue and the
amount of nervous strain under which
the work would have to be done would
hsve to be decided by experts. Such
survey might also show many places
where women cou'd be used if re-
adjustment Of working conditions were
made. And if the greater need arose
calling. for women in work which is
now admittedly beyond their strength
these experts might judge how a lob
could be broken up SO that it might come
within the strength of women. Failure in
the use Of women has been largely due
to placing them where their health
would not be conserved and where it
was hard for them to maintain stand
ards Of morality. In admitting women
to railway work there is ~r~at dancer
: for both the railroads and the woman
on the, job if all the bars safeguarding
her physically and morally are let
down. And. this safeguarding of the
woman on the job will benefit the man
on the job, too, when he returns to
find that the work he does is brought
to a higher standard of efficiency and
SAFETY Even in these early stages re-
suits have shown themselves here and
there.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
" omen shop laborers in the Tren-
ton yards, many Of whom are
negroes.

shops may be gained from the follow
ng survey published in 1.-THE Railway
age Gazette:
"On the main floor of the machine and
erecting shops they we're found hand
ing out tools from the central tool
room. Several Of them operate milling
machines and brass lathes and do other
light work in the manufacturing tool
room. Several women are also en-
ployed in the electrical repair shop
making repairs to armatures, field
coils, etc.
Between 40 and 80 per cent Of the
inside employees in the storekeeping de-
partmenr are women. Thev were found
doing such work as sorting small cast
ings on trucks, in the unloading Of
materials from cars, packing material
for shipment, checking shipments and
doing clerical work, sweeping and
trucking of material.
ain the locomotive repair department
at least 200 are engaged in The various
tasks of repairing passenger equipment
and building new freight cars. 1t is
the practice on the Canadian Pacific
to do practically all of the passenger
car overhauling during the winter
months, when the demand for passen
ger cars is lghtest. During the sum-
mer months a large part Of the force
in the passenger car department is
transferred to the freight car shops
and is used in the building of new
equipment
"In the passenger car department
women are used for cleaning passenger
cars as they come into the shops for
repairs, baking enamel on the car
trimmings, working on the inside trim,
cleaning and vanishing cane seats,
painting and vanishing sash. blinds,
racks, ETC.. making mattresses and
sleeping car curtains. Two women are
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

the Pennsylvania yards at Trenton
were accustomed to the work of stoop-
ing and lifting. They had done heavy
housework. The girl who was tending
the switch in the yard did it because
she liked outdoor work.
One young teacher came to West
ern shop to work at lathing machine
so that she could gain the experience
to enable her to teach physics from a
practical standpoint. The intelligence
and high quality of her work attracted
attention There was room for per-
son of her ability and equipment and
she was sent to Chicago to fill an
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
Hold Respect Of
Their Fellow Workers

Take the small matter of the work
done in a stopping posture. Nearly
every shopworker knows Of the time
wasted in strengthening up a back bent
from work done in STOPPING posture.
In one Erie shop seats were un-
known until women were admitted
to some light machine work. and the
law required that seats be furnished
them. The old superintendent was
amazed to find the increase and inn
provement in the work accomplished:
found the same increased efficiency. He
has become convert to this idea. and
now breaches It TO other superintend-
ents of workshops. In his time 1t had
been matter Of pride that man
sbou!d do his work standing up, no
matter what position It required.
The law DEGREES equal pay for woms
en- replacing men and the same ten
hour day. n some ste+es It r~anires
two rest periods each day and seats
at machine work. Yet the whole work
OF readjustment is scarcely touched
and cannot be until women enter the
work in larger numbers. If the war
should continue for long time there
is no doubt that this will happen and
that the industry will see many changes.
~hSAS 10 pFoPcEiy TcIuCthuSS w 20
women to work on the heavier work OF
rai'rood ding. In the interests Of con.
servation, we will not put the work OF
the machinist, the boilermaker, the
blacksmith, brakeman. fireman, engs-
neer (all vita, to railroad work. on the
list Of women's occupations except ss
q war measure. And the matter o.
overtime stands In the way OF WON
ans entrance to much of this heay
work. The law in many states Goes
not permit women to work more thsn
fifty-four hours a week. In these days
of the straining Of railroads to .nei.
breaking point it is not unusual fof :
man to put in eighty hours week w
time and half for overtime). -
In all the shops l. visited it was pisin
that women he'd the resrect Of tne's
men fellow workers.. The fact tnat
women work at the same rate Of ~
as do mon is largely the reason for fnis
This good feeling would not have @ Sx"
listed had women underwaged men. tns
friendly and generous assistance -
workmen has often enabled women "
go 70 work without preliminary tfslns
ing. Only by the cooperation OF skiiie
workmen who have willingly frames
wemen in the shops at their WORK "a
the British government been aole
attain the present enormous outpus
munitions
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

women. These shops, normally en-
ploying about 1900 men, made adequate
provision for the admission Of women,
taking into consideration the funda-
mental temperamental and rh sical
differences Of the method man aud q
woman may employ in doing the same
piece of work. In cases where women
were employed at machinery it was
often necessary to readiust it to the
woman's lower level. Seats we're pro-
v.ded for work requiring a STOPPING
posture. Measures of safety are taught
them. With the admission of women
to the industry has come the necessity
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

for welfare work, and in this the Angus
shops showed high degree of en-
lightenment. Retiring rooms were built
in quiet corner of the shops and 3
snatron was installed to look after the
comfort of the women and to super
wise, in an unobtrusive way, the per-
sonnel. Rest periods are allowed each
woman. There is q woman's dining
room, where soup and bread are fur
nished at cost. and facilities are given
them for making hot tea and coffee.
Some idea Of the varied classes of
work which women are doing in these
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

important position, to return no more
to teaching. The widow in the store
room Of the Port Jeyvis shops was pay
ing off her dead husbands debts and
taking care of three children, COW
ard an acre patch OF garden. In short,
they come from nll classes and for
all reasons-just as do the men beside
whom they work.
But the admission of women to the
shops has required some alteration in
the conditions of work. The Angus
shops Of the Canadian Pacific provides
the model for al railroad shops in this
country who are replacing men with
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
MEN INVADE 58 DEPARTMENTS IN RAILROADIN(
Have Long Been in
'Housek eepins Side
Now Are Sc ction
Hands and Power
Operators

$50 employed in cleaning and repair.
ing triple valves.
"In the steel shop, where the steel
Inderframes are assembled for freight
md passenger cars, women are used
Tor operating drill presses. One young
ady was noticed operating Q three
pindle bolt tnrcader
Women are used in the truck shop
or operating drill presses, cleaning
and sweeping. One woman was en-
gagged In operating three-power hack
Jaws. Forty-one women were found
work on the scrap docks and In thu
sclamation plants. These women were
ore muscular than those doing the
door work and handled the heavy
arts and pushed wheeibarrows with
e same energy as dc men ordinarily
engaged in this class Of work"
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
D. S. BOYS IN FAMOUS FRENCH ARTILLERY SCHOOL
Work Lasts From 6 to
6, With Intervals for
Horse Meat and
Potatoes

stration Of gas shells and of gas waves.
The gas from the shells killed q num-
Der Of dogs that happened to be on the
spot. And as wo passed by short
time after we found it necessary to put
up our masks. Another time an aero
plane came over to give as demon
stration in regulating fire from the air.
And at several times we have had other
practical demonstrations in the vari-
Gus problems Of artillery. A typical
days schedule Is something like the
following:
At 8 We get up and hastily swal-
low a small cup of black coffee and
MUNICH piece of black war bread. which
Is all we get for breakfast. A quick
wash under the faucet follows. and W..
hurry to arrange our beds for assem-
bly, or "rassemblement" as it is called
The days work begins with q reci-
tation In the principles Of Are at p
AT $3.50 we have lecture on some
subject such as ballistics or mu-
nltions. At 10 we have an hour. drill
with the 75s, and then we rush up to
the mess hall for our lunch Of potatoes
and horse meat. Soon after lunch we
are whisked off to the range in a truck
to practise in regulating fre. This
lasts until T. and then we 20 to the
riding hall for equitation. And after
supper we are just about ready to
turn In.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

trary to the warlike aims Of their work.
And then came the war, and imme-
diately the students went out to carry
on their experiments on the real field
Of war. But soon the French army
began to find itself in great need of
artillery officers. Casualties were
heavy, and the usefulness of the artil-
lery, and consequently its numbers, in
creased. And so the old school became
at once a great training school for
privates and non-commissioned officers
sent back from the front for three or
four months instruction before becom-
ing officers. And then the place took
on a new aspect, as thousands Of men
came to be rushed through two or
three years. work in as many months.
Tho place has gradually overfiowed
into a nearby barracks, and other en-
largements have been made, until now
the school produces upward Of ten
thousand artillery officers a year. The
lectures are given In the old school
buildings, and the students eat and
sleep In the barracks near.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
Volunteers Selected
for Stiff Course to
FillWar Depleted
Staff
BY Lawrence Moore

TWO Spaniards. Swiss. Serbian
and q Montenegrin-these were
our companions as E. and
were marched through the streets OF
Paris from the Foreign Legion recruit
ing Office to the lnvalides, to be sworn
into the Legion Etrangere Of France
"pour la duree de la guerre"-for the
period Of the hostilities. We stood at
the opening of our great adventure;
we were about to join that famous
fighting organization, made up Of all
the outcasts and adventurers of the
world, but which has alone received
the highest decorations that the
French government bestows for valor.
However, e. and soon found our
selves separated from our pirate-look-
ing companions. For in view of the
fact that we were Americans and VOL
unteers, and possessed of some huns
BILE knowledge of mathematics, Mon
sieur le Ministre de la Guerre con-
sented to transfer US from the First
Regiment Etrangere to the 32eme d'Ar-
tillerie, and to order us to the training
school for officers at Fontainebleau.
This would probably be less ro-
mantle course for us than to follow
our international friends into the For
eign Legion infantry, but we decided
that it would offer the most Of oppor-
tunities. Just exactly what there was
In store for US we did not know, and
neither of us had the faintest notions
Of what gun really looked like.
But we were only too happy TO &C
cept in the true spirit Of adventurers
the chance to become in time officers
in the French artillery.
We Drew Outfits
OF Horizon Blue
And 80 the next day we went down
to Fontainebleau, and reported at the
depot Of our regiment. The first neces.
sity to transform one into soldier Is
Of course uniform, so We at once
drew out outfits of horizon blue. Now,
French soldiers' uniforms come in
three sizes---talI, short and medium--sc
it Is not hard to imagine the excellent
At we got there. We could hardly keep
q straight face as we viewed each other
In these uncouth costumes. with little
caps Of Civil War type. And in addi.
| tlon they gave US each a large sized
sabre and dangerous looking revol.
vary this last being carried in holste1
~xAsssy n the n.iddis Of the hssk
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
Railroad School
Open to Women

The Pennsylvania has opened to wom-
en- their Philadelphia school that has
heretofore been conducted for young
men desiring to learn railroad work.
The course includes telegraphy, man
ual block signal operation and station
Office work. The Missouri, Kansas &
Texas has opened four schools on a
general plan similar to that Of the
Pennsylvania schools. So that as men
leave these jobs for war service trained
women will be ready to take their
places.
But it is on the technical and me-
ehanical side Of railroad work that rad
ical adjustments are taking place. It
is a thin line of women. to be sure,
that is invading the shops and yards,
but 1t is bound to be on an increas-
ing scale for the duration Of the war
at least. They are drawn from many
fields. and they range from the un-
schooled to college graduates. They
have come with sort Of exhilaration
at their release from the confinement
of mill and store and at working on
equal terms with men. The histories
of their previous occupations are
varied. There was q splendidly tall
girl in the Eric shops at Port Jervis,
who had gone through the local high
school and hssn bookkeeper. Altar
wasting .sAsx avs feet nina On a
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16
Gang of women section hands clean
ing track on Pittsburgh division Of
the Pennsylvania.
@ Underwood Underwood

u OnQcrtDOO0 q UnQfffCOod.
bookkeeping Job that paid 81 a
week she responded joyfully to the
poster Of the Erie Railroad advertising
openings for women. Her father and
brothers were workers on the railroad
and feeling for it was innate in her. /
In overalls at light drill press she
earned twice as much as she had as a
bookkeeper. She is now fitting herself
Like to Learn
Something Real
The little Italian girl in the store
room Of the Jersey City repair shops
had been in the silk mills in Paterson
She worked at drill press until the
shop burned down and then was tenn
porarily shifted to the store room.
"Do you like it?" l asked. "You
bct!" came back with unmistakable
enthusiasm. "Why?" persisted.
"Well," she hesitatcd-then pointed
around her to the lifting cranes out
side and the cars being shunted back
and forth and the men at the nearby
forges-"I guess it's because you learn
something here"
And the large Swedish girl-b,onde
and serious-who was learning electric
welding at helpers wage Of twenty
eight cents an hour Gas master weld
er she will earn forty-two cents)-
why did she do this in preference to
housework or mill work? II like
mans work." she said. "I'm awful
strong"
The young Englishwoman was taking
the place Of her husband, a young
mechanic who had joined the army. She
had never worked before. The thirty
colored women doing laborer's work in
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

row suc m = k PARTRIDGE lz
g. d4S baltimore
Mass
Nhw
Mass lowe Harvard ' Belmont
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

Days Work Lasts
From Six to Six
We soon discovered that there 10
quite . Bit 70 learn about artillery.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-16

T HERE have been few industries
that have guarded themselves
mora iealously from the en-