davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
Glass for Spectacles.

Pebble spectacle glasses are made
from pure crystal quartz Fine crys.
mIllne quartz Is found IN ever, roun.
try. II Is no better thnn good optical
glass In It's opticaI properties, hut is
somewhat harder than glass. and when
well polished retains The luster long.
err than glass. Ordinary spectacle
glasses are made of plateglass, which
~ inferior to quartz in optical quality
ana generality lmnerfectlN polished
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
Little Brothers. Guess.

Rah, had Just cut her first tooth
and NJ course all in@the family were
talking about II. The next day. while
the family was eating dinner, the hahv
began to cry and little hrother looked
ur with twinkle in his eve and said
"Whai Is the matter. baby? Have you
got the toothache?'
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
---ElII Tho War Chest.--
CYCL0PS DEATH
TOLL Is INCREASED

Washington. May 22-The death
toll of the missing Collier Cyclops
was Increased by thirteen this after.
noon when the navy department made
hubble an additional list Of those who
had not previously been reported as
aboard the Inflated vessel
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
Fill The War Chest.
---FITI The War Chcst.-----
F0RGER'S CASE is
CONTINUED 10 DAYS

The case OF Sylvester, Francis Me
Eachron who was arrested in Rock
Island recently charged with forging
a check for $4,000 on the Lewis Root
ing Co, Of Rock Island under tie
name Of Custo. was called at $50
this afternoon in Judge koenie's court
and was continued for 10 days on a
motion Of the defendant
Mot,aChron is said to be out on
parole from the Joliet ppntentiary.
& LII Yhn W ar Che e. -.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
/ Fill the War Chest
Jsvanese Fond OF ThestricaIs

The Javanese so enjoy the wander
tne theaters OF their land that they
will walk miles 70 see one If their
epics or folk tales produced by pup
pets or by real PLAYERS Whenever the.
manfSr sets mp his stage and proper
Mes there Is the jabhering Javsnese
crowd enger for evening and the pros
pective treat.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY
(Main want add section page tiyeJ


FOR SALE Cheap surrey, rubber
tires and leather top. | cbild's bed
with spring and mattress. 3Ox6O inches
in good condition Phone t32.b a
noon or after g 7. NJ
FOR SALE Sacrifice because of war
Leopold home, 9lS Ottawa avenue
heretofore quoted at $4,000 and worth
It; is now offered at $4,000 for quick
sale. Rare bargain. Call T. B. Far.
rell. College Bldg Tel 64S.W
FOR SALE-Two fine milk cows. De.
sire to sell them at once Apply
Joseph Maychina, Federal Plate al
dltion Box $40,
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
GRAND RIDGE AND VICINITY Z

Mr. and Mrs. William Rcddick of
Streator, Mr. Clifford Reddick. a son
of Vincent, Iowa, and Mrs. Quincy
were dinner guests on Thursday at
the NJ. c. Hodgson home. northwt st
Of the village
John Ham of Aurora spent day
recently at the Henry Lightner
home.
Mrs Hannah Woodward of Aurora
las arrived for visit with her sis.
er. MISS J Butte. of asst MailE St.
md other local relatives.
Mr., and Mrs, +. B. Williams. Mrs.
(. E. Williams and son Elmer Dean.
Mrs. VIM +. X. Smith and son Bur.
CERT and Mrs Smiths mother. Nrs.
:. Burgert, Of keithsburg. ILL.,. were
,mong those from here TO see the
Kaiser. the Beast Of Berlin in Strea.
or Wednesday eve.
Mrs. T j. Weber was a recent ell.
err on village friends
Miss Anna Woolenhaupt has been
ewing at the j. e. Cir. .encord home
northwest of town
The Red Cross drive is on for the
raising Of sl.io0. tho quota for Cand
Rapids and Farm Ridge townships
IN next Thursday afternoon and ev.
ming there will be held public auc-
ton of all produce of livestock or
any other article Of which il is hoped
mere will b" many donated. will be
old Refreshments will be served
and everything done 10 make the
Ale real success. so do your bit.
while the opportunity affords itself.
Thursday. May %,
Mr. and Mrs. G. l.. Dcarth. Mrs NJ
T. Crawford, Miss Lizzie Crumrinc
I'D a aumber of others attended tho
Red Cross parade in Streator Friday
Avening
On Tuesday evening q meeting OF
he Grand Ridge Chamber cf Com.
nercc was held in the bank building
It which time the election of officers
ook place who were as follows.
President G w. Peterson,
Vice president VIM II. Rock
wood
Secrctary-Il. Il. Crosby.
Treasurer-C. T., Uibbs
TN" directors all were re elected
Committees were appointed for MAX.
ne arrangements for tho cominr
'hautatqua, on June % to July
inclusive, Splendid talent has beon
Tocurod. All the profits of tho as.
'o'lat'on together with tia profits
v the Menelv Go. are e. go TO the
ted Cross. The local branch ladies'
viii serve refreshments at this time
90 tickets havd been pledged and
'verVthing points to splendid chau.
auqua wv
Albert Dillman unloaded new
ractor and four plows the past week
VI the same time q Company Thresh.
ng machine, of which Mr.. Dilman is
member, was unloadeh nj the Mat.
orm. 1t is case machine. made nj
facine. It is reported that four more
hreshers are due to arrive about
tune l.
Mrs. D. e. Dudcr was among those
m the sick list the past week
Mrs, +. r. Poundstone called on vii.
age friends Saturday afternoon
We regret TO note Mrs. NJ ubhs
still on the sick list. Her many
rlendS are hoping for her speedy re-.
'overy.
L Il. Williams has returned from
business trip in Iowa
MISS Irene Porter returned from
whore she visited friends
or short time.
Mrs, Jerry Shcchan was recent
quest ot Peoria relatives.
Mr. and Mrs II u. Crosby mo,orrd
Ransome whore thoy attended the
iedicatory services Of service flag
n honor Of the Ransom bows now In
'ervice Mrs Crosby was ON the pro.
ram for reading and was much ap-
lreciated by the large audience pres.
mt, The services were under the al.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
-FHT ne war Chest
Notice to Contractora

Sealed bids will be received by the
undersigned until Tuesday. MAY 2s,
1918 al nine O'Clock A. NJ, for The
sweeping and cleaning of streets as
per specifications on file in the city
office.
W. W. CURTIS.
rit,. all
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22
Fill The War Chest.
Masonic Dancing Party.

Al the Temple, Friday night. May
2tth from . TO T. This is in honor
OF the members who leave soon for
training camps Las dance of the
season
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1918-05-22

fill THE WAR CHEST
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
66 Years Success
The Wonderful Record of DR..
Thacher's Liver and
Blood Syrup.

Those medicines which live for even
a quarter of century are exceptional,
and continuous use for over two-thirds
of century is indisputable evidence Of
wonderful merit.
DR.. Thacher's Liver and Blood Syrup
came into existence in 1852, and from
that time to the present it has grown
in the confidence and estimation of it's
yearly increasing number of users.
Through all these years it has steadily
grown in popular favor.
Its wonderful building up power is
shown in the experience Of Mrs. G.. E..
Chadwick, Scale, Ala. 81 was all rum
down in health,0 shesays- "Weighed
only 1043 pounds and getting worse
every day. I hegan the use of Dr..
Thacher's Liver End Blood Syrup and
today, am thankful to say, I am In
perfect health and weigh I55 pounds.
attribute my good health to the use
OF that most wonderful medicine. T
firmly believe there are numerous suf-
fering people that could be sound an:
well by the use of DIR. ThacIer's Live .
and Blood Syrup"
If you need toEic, or blood puri-
her; If your liver is out of order, your
stomach troubles you, or you are con-
stipated, have indigestion or dyspepsia.
try DR.. Thacher1s Liver and Blood
Syrup. 1t is purely vegetable and
eonnot possibly injure any one. It has,
been of wonderful benefit to others,
therefore should command your atten..
ton. All dealers in medicines sell it
and will recommend it.
For Sale By Pope Drug Co.,
Lumberton, N. C..
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
Advertised Letters.

List of advertised letters for the
week ending August "a, 1918.
C. L. Bishop. Miss Leona Britt, C.. T.
3yerly, livery Britt, Miss Katie Ben
on, Ellison Bennett, John Broadway,
Mrs. Della Brown (2), Walter w.
Brunson, Miss Jenna Barns (2), Miss
9. D. Barrett, Spurgeon Cain, Mrs.
catherine Edwards, Mrs. Martha Ed
mund, Miss Lucy Fennell. Willie
Floyd, John Gardner, ]. c. Gray. M.
H. Harden, Jimmie Hilliard, Joseph
Howell, E. R. Howell, E. D. Hurst,
Bud Hughes, J. w. Ivey, Miss Mary
Johnson, w. C. Jones, Miss Kate Krue,
Ralph Kinlaw, Mrs. Donnie B. Lewis,
3arbie Lewis, Miss Hattie Lannon's,
Chester Lee, Miss Josephine Lewis
Kate Ann Locklear, Miss Dorothy
Morrow, j. B. M'White, G. E. Meares
Maggie Marine. Lemuel Mcdowell
Mary McNeill, S. E. McNeill, c. l.
McCoster, Miss Arether Mckay, Miss
ee Mccall, Miss Pridgie, a nurse
Miss Wvlie Rawlins, Mrs. Carrie Red
dick, Miss Hammye Stewart, Mrs
Leila Skies, Joe Tyner, Mrs. r. A
Tart, Mrs. Rosie Watts, Roosevelt!
Ward, Mrs. J. M. Waddell, E. T. Will.
iams.
Persons calling for the above viii
please say "advertised"
D. D: FRENCH, P. M.
Lumberton, N. c.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
new KIND OF
CALOMEL SAFE
AND DELIGHTFUL

The new kind of calomel, known as
Calotabs, retains all Of the good med
icinal virtues of the old style calo.
mel, yet is entirely purified from al!
of the nauseating, disagreeable, and
dangerous qualities, You can. there
fore, eat what you please and go
where you please, with no loss OF
time from your work.
One Calotab at bedtime, with a
swallow of water-that's all. Next
morning you awake feeling fine, your
liver cleansed, your system purified
and with hearty appetite for break
fast. Calotabs are sold only in orig
inal, scaled packages, price thirty-five
cents. Your druggist recommends
them and will refund your money II
YOU are not delighted.-(Advt.)
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
GENERAL NEWS ITEMS.

Mrs. Gussie Gilman, 60 years CID,
was burned to death at her home n
Brooklyn, N. Y, Monday when her
hair which she had just bathed in
kerosene, caught fire. While she was
lighting a kitchen stove a saturated
strand of her hair ignited and in an
instant her head was aflame. Her
cries brought people who extinguished
the blaze, but not until the woman
was dead.
Forty-three barrels of whiskey were
destroyed when the plant of the Green
River Distilling Co. was burned at
Owensboro. KY, Saturday night. The
whiskey alone was valued at $780,
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29

600 and the loss to the United States
government in taxes is approximate
" s6,75O0oG
Thomas A. Edison, inventor, John
Burroughs, naturalist, Henry Ford
manufacturer, men known the world
over, and another manufacturer, H. S.
Firestone, and his son, are on an au-
tomobile outing trip which includes:
Asheville, this State A dispatch OF
the 26th from Bristol, Tenn.-Va.,
states that when they had lunch at
hotel there they stated that they
had only dined once at hotel since
beginning the trip, having been camp
ing on the road for several days.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
Death of Angus A. Chavers.
of The Robesonian.

Oh Inc RODeSOnlan.
Pembroke, Aug. 25-On August
21st Angus A. Chavers was called
from this to the next life, where all
is well with the soul. God in his
mercy not allowing him to linger up
on a bed of hffliction long, he was
taken sick on the above date about
4:3O p. m. and died at IL p. m.
Angus A. Chavers was II years of
age and was we'll known in this part
of Robson county and his friends
were many, the writer being only one
of them. He was a man of sterling
character and a devout Christian, one
of the leading members Of the First
Baptist church of Pembroke, in which
he served as deacon and Sunday
school superintendent from the day
his church was organized, which was
September 1st, 1895. He also held
office as justice of the peace in this
county for several years and was a
good officer. He was a man trusted
by all who knew him in any walk of
life.
He is survived by his widow and sew
en- children-three sons and four
daughters. The eldest son. w. J
Chavers, resides at home; the next, g
daughter, S. J. Brigham, resides nea,
Laurinburg, N. c.; the next, daugh
ter, M. l.. Chavers, at home; the next
a daughter, M. c. RANSOM reside:
r"ar Wagram, N. c.; the next "a son
r. w. Chavers, resides in Sylvania
Ga; the next, a son, J. D. Chavers
is now in the U. S. army. Camp Jack
So, t'.e nex.s, daughter, J. F. Chav
er3, resides at home, she being tn
youngest child. The funeral servic
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
SHARE OUR SUGAR
With The ALLIES
British Get Two Pounds a Month.
French Pound and Halt,
italians One Pound.
GERMAN SUPPLY plentiful.
All Nations Permit Use Of Sweetenin0
for Home Preserving Purposes.

Americas new sugar ration of two
pounds a month per person Is equita-
BILE when compared with the sugar ra-
ton enforced by rigid governmental
order in England, France and Italy, ma
tions with which we are sharing sugar.
Each Allied nation-in the matter OF
sugar consumption-is sharing on near
est possible equal terms the hardships
imposed by greatly altered conditions
In the world sugar situation.
Formerly classed as a luxury, sugar
is now war time essential. The fair
and just division of this essential is
in the hands Of the various Allied
food controllers.
The United States Food Administra-
tien has asked this nation to observe
a voluntary sugar ration OF two
pounds per person month.
In the other countries at war with
articles on every menu-whether In
the households Of both rich and poor,
or In the hotels.
England today has a sugar ration
Of two pounds per month per person.
In France the ration Is a pound and q
half and in Italy it is one pound q
month. And the prices in allied coun.
tries are from two to three times a.
high as in America.
Il you 60 to q hotel In England or
France these days and order tea or
coffee they serve absolutely no sugar
with 1t. II you want sugar you must
bring It With you
In EnGlspd & - allowable to use
o0s4eventh q IN ounce Of sagnr In
The preparation Of each Luncheon. In
France many pe1eons carry little oAe-
charine tablets about with them for
use in hotels and In England rich and
poor must take their sugar with them
II they wish to have sweetened tea
while visiting friends.
Before the war started France had
625,OOO acres devoted to sugar produc-
tion. By 1917 the French sugar acre
age had decreased to 10000 acres.
sugar card has no assurance whatever
that he or she will be able to actually
buy sugar. To buy 1t, one must first
find It.
Italy Has Estate Sugar"
Especially drastic regulations govern
the use Of sugar in Italy. It's manu-
facture, distribution and sale are close
ly controlled, and in part actually
taken over by the state.
Saccharine is permitted to be sold
and used as substitute for sugar and
the government manufactures mix
ture Of saccharine and sugar called
Estate Sugar." which is largely used.
German Sugar Ration Adequate.
Germany, before the war, produced
a great surplus Of sugar and exported
large quantities. Today the Germans
have virtually gone out Of the export
business, but have plenty of cheap
sugar for home use.
Wholesale prices prevalent In the
Allied nations, according to informa-
ton received by the United States
Food Administration are as follows
England, 10 cents a pound; France,
II cents; Italy, 26 cents.
While these high prices are being
paid abroad the American wholesale
price is being held at 71s centA
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
q. 8. Food Administration.

q. 8. Food Administration.
Br'er Tater amt skeerin' up a.
ghos' wen he say we alls mus eat
less wheat en- less meat en- save all
de fat en- sugar we kin. We has list
got ter feed dat big army er fightin'
sojer boys, en- we kin do hit by eatin'
right smart mo- taters en- garden sass
en- eatin' mo- fish en- game std er
pork and beef Eff we al,s don't
gin ter feed dem sojers right now
we'll be feedin' somebody TO long
en- it won't be us. q
.lxaa. LII
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
FOR SALE.

1 Return Tubuler Boiler, 5OH
! High Point Engine, 30H.
l Vance Saw Mill, No. 3.
l 48 Inch Hoe Saw.
l SO Inch Corn Mill.
/ Log Cart.
l "a Inch Economy Planner and a
lot of other Machinery.
Also Shafting, Pulleys and Betting.
All In Good Running Shape.
AT A BARGAIN
Write or Call to See
J. F. STUBBS,
Lumberton, N. C. Route No. 3.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
Letter Written on the Way Over.

Mr.. F. Grover Britt of The Robe
sonian's staff received Monday from
his brother, Rossie 3. Britt of Co. X,
321st infantry, 81st division, a letter
written while crossing the pond. The
censor cut out the date Of the letter,
which reads as follows:
cam getting on o. k. Enjoying life
fine Am on board ship getting a
good rest. Getting enough good things
to eat also. This is all that l can
write at this time"
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
LITTLETON COLLEGE.

Hot water heat, electric lights and
other modern improvements. The
37th annual session will begin Sep
tember 25th.
Write for new illustrated catalogue;
also for particulars concerning our
special offer to few girls who can
not pay our catalogue rate. Address
J. NJ. Rhodes, Littlcton, N. C.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29

was conducted by Rev. F. A. Prevatt,
his pastor, assisted by Rev. H. H.
Lowry of Raynham, after which the
body was taken to the family ceme-
terry and laid to rest and await the
coming of his Master.
N. McINNIS.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
BRIEF ITEMS STATE NEWS.

Robert E. Smith, general superin-
tendent of motive power for the At
lantic Coast Line, was found dead,
with bullet hole in his head, at his
home in Wilmington Monday morn
ing. The shot apparently was fired
accidentally as Mr.. Smith was clean
ing a rifle.
J. B. Blade, a prominent business
man Of New Bern, was killed IN an
auto accident near Marion one night
last week. He was on his way to
Black Mountain to join his wife, who
is spending the summer there, when,
in going around curve, his car fail
ed to turn and went over a high en-
bankment, killing him instantly.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
A THREE YEARS REcopn
A Test That Must Impress Rohss.
Readers.

Three years is long time.
A rigid test of merit.
Mr.. McNeill testified three ,.
ago.
He now says the results wero -.
manent.
Can Lumberton ask for better -;
Gence? WI
Jas. D. McNeill, prop. blacksmi,,
shop, 100 Cedar Street, saws. 1I5,Sa .pr
vious to taking Doan's Kidnev pT- N
about year ago, had severe attaoi.
of kidney complaint Often tbesa =. As
tacks came on three times wei oai a.,
/ was in awful misery. Ny back faI. G
as if it were broken. Nv kiJra+"
didn't act properly, and the Sacro ~
tions were in an awful state | nero-
had anything pain me SO. Doan'.
Kidney Pills were recommended ana
I got a supply and only took a far ,r
doses when l was relieved. One box os
Doan's fixed me in fine shape. a far.
doses of Doan's occasionally sine
keeps me in good condition" (State
ment given April 9, 1879.
NO TROUBLE SINCE
On May 25, 1918, Mr.. McNeiU sai4.
81 am glad Of another opportunity "a
endorse Doan's Kidney Pills. / ia,s
had no trouble since Doan's cured mo-
l am glad to confirm my former on
dorsement."
6Oc at all dealers. Foster -Mi,bur-
Co., Mfgrs., Buffalo, N. Y.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29
Additions to American Merchant
Marine.

More than 10000 deadweight tons
of ships were added to the American
merchant marine in the week ending
August 22 by the completion OF eight
more vessels in American shipyare1s:
Seven of the ships were of steel and
one of wood. Launchings in the week
ending August "a totaled 10, nine
steel and ten wooden ships.
The new deliveries brought the
grand total of ships added to the n1er-
chant marine in the last year to 2Sl
with an aggregate deadweight ton
mage of 1,725,731. The launchings to-
tai 535 vessels of 2,923,973 tons.
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29

troops destroyed French sugar mills
Thanks to the French rationing sys
tenn the annual consumption has been
cut to 100000 tons, according to re-
ports reaching the United States Food
Administration. Before the war France
had an average sugar crop Of about
10000 tons Of sugar and had som,
left oyer for export
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29

France must import sugar today,
because the largest portion Of French
sugar beet land is in German hands.
AS result, the French people have
been placed on sugar ration of about
1S pounds year for domestic use !;
q pound and half a month. This
Photograph :hows how the German
The Robesonian., 1918-08-29

Itch! Itch! Itch!-Scratch! Scratch,
Scratch! The more you scratch, the
worse the itch. Try Doan's Ointment
For eczema, any skin itching. GOc
g box.
The Robesonian., 1918-01-28

BILE to confirm with certainty. Besides
these they had brought down another
513, the absolute destruction of which
could not be confirmed, but which
had been seen to fall out of control
with a great possibility of a fatal
crash.
These figures totalling 1000 make
an excellent record and to them must
be added % German captive bal
looms.
The American aviators of the La
fayette squadrilla who have now
been Incorporated in the American
army, played very creditable part
with their French comrades II the
conflicts in the air. Several of them
lost their lives in 1917 as did three
OF the best known French airmen
Guynemer, Dorme and Lenoir.
Besides the bombardment of French
open towns, German airmen on several
occasions bombed French hospitals
at Dugny, Vadelaincourt. Chateau
Petit Monthairon and Belrupt.
The Robesonian., 1918-01-28
LETTER FROM FRANCE
Extracts From Letter FromYoung
Lawyer Who Formerly Lived in
Laurinburg, Now in Service in
France

To the Editor of The Robesonian:
l have just received a letter from
Fitzroy Donald Phillips, End lieuten-
ant U. S. infantry, a first cousin of
mine, who is now in France, and think
ing that your readers might be inter-
ested, | give below the extracts from
1T relating to service in France. Mr..
Philips was young lawyer who liv-
ed IN Laurlnburg, but was practicing
law, at the time he went to the train
ing camp, at Rockingham. His moth
er was Anna Mclean, daughter of
the late DR.. Angus D. Mclean of up-
per Robson. You will observe that
Mr.. Phillips bears the name of the
chief of the Clan Mclean, for whom
he was named. He says:
There is very little that we can
write of our work over here, but will
say as much as our officers think is
within bounds. I am now in q bip
American officers training school. We
are taking the speciality courses in
the different specialties that compose
tne modern armies. We have yerv
competent officers for instructors
Doth French and American. At pres
ent am taking the 81 millimeter pun.
II is really light artillery attached to
llildntry. IL Is very fine little gun.
very accurate and interesting to work
WIN. finish this course next week.
ana think that will then take up
rrench mortars. This is also verv
interesting, but rather dangerous
work, on account of the very high ex-
ploslve shells that they use.
Il see a good many Of our officers
tina that were at training camp with me
Ihey seem to be showing up to good
advantage with our troops over here
IT Is marvellous how quickly theAmer-
lean boys pick up the new ideas and
customs Of the orther armies over here
II IS a very good example of Amer
lcan initiative and push. And thew
r are sure TO show what they are made
OF oe1ore this war is over"
A. w. MCLEAN.
Jan. 19, 1918.
The Robesonian., 1918-01-28
WAY BACK WANDER

Correspondence Of The Robesonian.
st: Paul, Jan. 19-These winter
possibilities make us want to Quote
way back yonder de win begin to blow
Noah says, II wonder if we gwinter have
some snow ?"
but it wasn't even hailin', tho the rain # foil
SO thick
Dat de ark, it went asailin' when dew r,.h.d
her in de crick!
way back yonder de passenxers get lost.
Oey heard a crash Of thunder.
But dar wasn't any frost,
ssys Noah, Ask de blessin' fch our com forts
here below.
whar we'd be dar amt no guessin'
II de rain had turned to snow.