davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
MURDER OF MIRBACH
MAY UPSET BOLSHEVIKI
Abject Acceptance of German
Demands Likely to Precipi.
tate Lenine's Fall
Special Cable to Evening Public Ledger

opeCtW CdOfe 10 Evening fuouC LeuSef
xondon, July s.
The Daily Chronicle says editorially
on the Mirbach assassination:
The German Government will find it.
self in an awkward dilemma between
two motives--a desire to avoid using
more troops in new theatres of war and
a desire to teach the Russians by exact
ing a most drastic penalty, in order that
the lives of eminent Germans In Russia
may be held sacred. The German EN-
peror, It will be remembered. mas Al
ways been particularly emphatic about
the sacrosanctity of his diplomatic rep
resentatives abroad, and It was the mur-
der of the German minister at Pekin
that prompted his original Hun speech
to the soldiers whom he sent TO take
vengeance on China.
'If his personal impulses carry the
day we shall witness German march
on Moscow, accompanied by ruthless Sc
verities. but II is possible that a more
prudent policy may prevail. especially as
Lenine and Tchitcherin may be relied
on to accept almost any demands for
reparation, however abject. 1t remains
to be seen whether such surrender on
their part might not preciptate the fall
Of their government in Russia.
THE episode does not stand alone.
Taken in conjunction with the feats of
the Czecho-Slovaks, which would scarce
ly be possible unless they had a great
deal of popular feeling on their side
1t certainly suggests that events are on
the march"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
HOLDS INTERVENTION
WOULD HELP RUSSIA
Allied Action Would Be Bene.
fetal, Czecho.Slovak
Organizer Believes
By the United Press



Allied intervention in Russia will be
good for that country, though its people
may not know It for some time.
This is the opinion Of DR.. T. G. Masa-
ryk, president of the Czecho-Sloyak Ma
tionaI Council here and organizer of the
gallant band Of Czecho-Slovaks now hold
ing the center of world attention at
yladipostok. Russia
He has urged President Wilson to
send immediate aid to these Slavs that
they may be made useful in the great
struggle. These men. Masaryk declares.
want TO help the Allies. When he first
organized them IL was for the purpose
OF getting them TO the west front. He
secured permission for them to move un-
molested through Siberia to Vladivostok
for shipment to France. They were
pledged, as were the Russians. not to
open hostilities during the movement
eastward.
T.ater,r however. they were attacked,
snd as a result. virtually fought their
way to the Pacific port, and are now
there. in possession of huge war stores,
captured when they took the city a
week ago.
These stores, Massryk declares, are
sufficient for successful operations
against German and Bolsheyik forces
until the Allies send aid. That the
end for the Czecho-Slovaks would be
popular is indicated, he says, by the
warm reception accorded them by the
populaee, as they moved across Siberia.
The Bolsheviki do not represent the
Russian people, and are not deserving
Of Allied recognition, Masaryk has told
President Wilson. But whether or not
The various Russian factions would well
COME intervention now, such Allied ac-
tton would certainly do them good and
Eventually they would see It, he be-
Harez
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08

brought down one Gerrnan aIrplane in
flames and the other six made on.
The lieutenants chin was grazed by
one bullet and his forehead by another
Two bullets went through his protected
gasoline tank, and the machine was
pierced in more than thirty places. When
he landed one wing was collapsing be-
cause German bullet had cut the sup.
porting wires.
Night raids into The German lines
have long been a common thing for our
troops. but Corporal r. A. Shafer has
been cited for conducting a raid deer
Into German positions in broad dayligh,
and returning with prisoners under the
fire Of German snipers and machine
gurners
The mission was given Shafer TO find
out what was going on in an isolated
house beyond the German lines. Takine
Priyates John Kane and Alonto Aman.
dola he crawled across a field and
through a hedge and walked right In
front of the door of the house.
Here they surprised a German in.
stalling a telephone line. He said that
another German was upstairs fitting ur
the house for an observation post.
Shafer sent one private back to say
that he was coming with prisoners. and
then with the other soldier, while bull
let's were falling all around, walked
back TO the American lines with his
two prisoners, who furnished some val
liable information.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
Events in Samara Show
They Don't Want to Over.
IS throw Bolsheviki
STAND BY OLD LEADERS
Reports Of Hostility Between
Germans and Austrians at
Kiev Confirmed
By ARTHUR RANSOME
SPscial Cable TO Erening Public Ledger
Copyright. 1918, by Ne,o York Times Co
Moscow. June rs. CDelayed)

Moscow, June rs. CDelayed)
Yesterday morning NJ. Rayovsny re-
turned TO Moscow from conducting
nekotiations at kieH. ] met him last
night He confirmed the report as TO
hostility there between the Germans and
Austrians.
This was partly due to German i'm
patience with the inefficiency OF the
Austrian troops. who without German
hcIp would be unable to hold down the
ukrainian unrest. The Austrians are
Assigned TO the quieter districts. Ger
man soldiers being invariably sent where
trouble is expected There is also a
political basis in the difference concern
ing the Kholm district. which Is claimed
both by Poland and the Ukraine Aus
tria. owing to the strength of the in
ternat Polish influence in this matter Is
involved.
Unless conditions improve materially
Rayovnsy says that revolution IS in
eyitable in the Ukraine Immediately on
the removal of the foreign troops.
Events in Samara, after its seizure by
the Czechs should be instructive Tor
those who believe that intervention ana
the overthrow of the Soviets Will be re-
ceived with gratitude by an oppressed
population The Czechs themselves re-
Trained from repressive measures, hut
their presence allowed other parties to
take revenge which alone they were
powerless to obtain. More than 100
Red Guards were shot, and about f1fty
civilian workmen The Soviet leaders
were Imprisoned under very bad condi-
tions on diet of bread and water.
AS soon as the local work people
realized what was being done, they came
to the new government with demand
for the immediate release of the leaders
here and cessation of further arrests
The sympathies of the population were
80 obvious that the new government,
perhaps with recent examples fresh in
mind packed democratic conference
Of representatives of the population
to consider the formation of govern
ment. This packed conference was COM
posed as follows:
~ Two hundred officers who were actual
( ~ taking part in the anti-SoViet moVe-
ment; 200 workmen, and TO insure a
majority. thirty bourgeoisie
In spite of this manifestly unfair
proportion the voting was: For con-
stituent assembly, 200 to 1913 for the
Soviet Government, while the remaining
handful voted for giving all authority
into the hands of the old local organiza-
ton Nothing could more clearly
illustrate the feeling of the majority OF
the population.
The reign of terror in Finland Is really
due to the fright of the party which,
with German help, has obtained pre-
dominance, on realizing that the only er-
feet OF suppression is to strengthen and
deepen the revolutionary movement.
The same conditions exist In Esthonia,
Livonia and in Ukraine. Every act OF
oppression strengthens the revolutionary
feeling of the masses, who. after losing
the Soviets, were Immediately forced to
realize how valuable was the thing they
had lost.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
u. S. FLIERS ANXIOUS
FOR REAL WAR WORK
Italian Commandant Finds 1t
Hard to Keep Them on
Ground

Italian Army Headquarters, July

Italian Army Headquarters, July y.
The Italian commandant, under whose
direction the American fliers are work.
ing on the Italian front. has only one
fault TO find with them. They never
want to remain on the ground.
The exploits which brought Ave OF the
American airmen decorations cannot yet
be published. but the value of their
services may be judged from the fact
that King Victor Emmanuel Travelled to
the section held by the Americans to
personally make the presentation. But
all the Americans are doing splendid
work, more than justfying the conf
dence placed in them when their pres
ence on the battlefront was requested
by the italian supreme command and
they were selected by Captain F'iorello
Lo Guardia. the Congressman from
New York. who is now attached to the
United States aviation corps.
a few days ago Lieutenant AleXan-
der o. Craig. OF New York, while fly
ing over Austrian territory. was at
tackled by a chaser plane. BY skillfully
handling his own machine after n few
minutes of jockeying he put his adver-
sary at a disadvantage and maneuvered
his own gunner into such a position
that burst of machine gun fire shot
the attacker dead and sent his plane
to the grounds in f1amese Lieutenant
Craig's exploit received official recog-
milton.
The machine of Lieutenant Harry l..
HoltZ, of Burley. Idaho. on his way back
over the Austrian lines after a deep
raid into enemy territory, was struck
by burst of shrapnel from anti-air-
craft guns.
Lieutenant Holtz calmly pointed out
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
MURDER MAY HAVE
FAR.REACHING EFFECT
BY the Associated Press


LONDON. July =.
The assassination of Count vcn Mir
bach, the German Ambassador to Russia
is viewed by the newspapers here as
an event of great Importance which may
have far-reaChlng results.
The Daily Mail and the Daily Ex-
press agree that the assassination may
have momentous consequence and com.
pare it to the murder of Archduke
Francis Ferdinand at Sarajevo four
years ago. The Express adds:
German influence Din Russia) can
only be established on a solid basis by
the maintenance of a great army of oc-
cupation. Russia may once more play a
tart in tn. w1I"
The Daily Chronicle expects that il
the German Emperor has his way there
will be a march on Moscow accompanied
by ruthless seventies, although It is
possible m re prudent policy' may pre-
vail. especially as Lenine and Tchitche-
rim will accept almost any demands for
reparation. however abject. 1t thinks,
nevertheless. that such surrender
might precipitate the fall of the Bolshe-
vik Government.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
LONE AMERICAN FLER
FIGHTS OFF 7 GERMANS
Aerial Photographer Attacked
by Boche Airmen Brings One
Down in Flames
BY EDWIN L. JAMES
Special Cable TO Evening Public Ledger


Copyright 1919, By NstD York Times Co.
with the American Army on the Marne,
July s.
In a successful French attack on Hill
204. west of Chateau-Thierry. American
airmen in considerable numbers Coop
Grated with the French artillery and in
fantry. The mission of the America n
pursuit machines was TO keep the Ger
man fiers away from the American and
French observation planes, and this was
successfully done.
Because of the number of American n
planes, the Richthofen circus kept It's
distance and refused an invitation to at
tack once il came near enough for an
exchange of shots. but there were no
casualties. Quentin Roosevelt took part
in this brush.
A lieutenant, with an observer. had a
thrilling experience several days ag.
He was on a Photographic mission, ,nree
liilometers behind the German lines,
when he was attacked by seven armen.
Instead of running. he gave battle in
the big new French biplane. mounting
four guns, which was recently furnished
to our observation flers. Despite the
large number of Germans who were
firing at them, the two Americans
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
KERENSKY OPPOSES
ENTRY BY JAPANESE

Iaris. july =,
Ex-Premier kerensky of Russia, in an
interview by his fellow-countryman,
HalDerine Kaminsky. printed in the Ex-
celsior today. gives his opinion on the
subject of Japanese intervention in Rus
sia more definitely than he has done
heretofore. After attempting to describe
the chaos now ruling in Russia. where
every town and village. large or small
has its soviet acting as it pleases with
out regard for the orders of the peoples
commissioners. and where all property
rights have heen abolished except for
the Germans" NJ. Kerensky said:
1T is time, once for all. to understand
our position. We have no prejudice
against the Japanese people. They have
always been loyal. even during our
struggle in Manchuria, before the war.
and during the war, but that is not
the question.
ut is the question once more of not
playing the game of the Bolsheviki and
their German protectors by giving them
the opportunity of exploiting anew the
ignorance of the Russian masses, i'm
making them believe the Japanese are
coming to make war on Russia. Has
not Trotsky said that bet&een German
and Japanese occupation, he(ssould pre-
fer the Germans?'
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
WILL TRAIN COLLEGE men
War Department Seeks Them as
Camp Instructors
n. ,Ln x..z.;z,,I De-.
By the Associated Pres

Washington. July s.--A sixty-day in
tensive training course to train college
men as assistant instructors in the stu
dents army training corps will open
July IS at Plattsburg, n. Y. Fort Sher-
dan. III. and Preside. Cal
The War Department announced to-
day that colleges which enroll the mini
mum Of 100 able-b bodied students for the
students training corps will be invited
to select a number of men fer the
courses.
Regular army officers will have charge
and members of faculties, as well as
students are eligible.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08

Hazleton. Pa. July =. = ]. Newton
Boone sixty-three years old. we'll
known fisherman and hunter, died at the
state Hospital after amputation of his
right foot for gangrene. Boone built
many of the breakers of the Hazleton
region for A. Pardee & Co, pioneer OPP
orators of the Lehigh field and was in
spector of many public contracts in this
section in late years.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
TWO POLISH CORPS
AID CZECHO.SLOV4KS


London, July 8.
Polish forces are fighting the Germans
In cooperation with the Czecho oSlovaks,
according to the Mail correspondent at
Copenhagen. He nuor,s Polish news
Papers as saying that the first Polish
corps, under General Muonitsli, is en-
gagged against the Germans, and that
the Second corps. under General
Michaelis. had crossed the Dnieper and
joined the Czecho-Slovak
This latter force was surprised at
night by the Germans and a four days
fight followed. the Poles capturing 5000
prisoners. The date when this battle
began is not given.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
u. S. TO SPEED TRADE ARMY
TO RUSSIA; MURMAN QUITS

themselves. they never contemplated
fighting Russian Slavs. and their attitude
toward the Bolshevik government was
formerly strictly correct.
Their action creates n nucleus to
which the Siberian party OF order may
rally and effects screen between ST.
IBERIA and the armed forces Of Bolshev-
ism. These developments are important
because of their spontaneity. and may
lead to n natural and satisfactory solu-
tion of the Siberian problem"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08

assassination of the German Ambassa-
dor was to have been the signal fer a
big revolt under the leadership of the
Social Revolutionists but that failed to
materialize on the scale that had been
planned.
It seems from this account that the
fighting between Bolsheviki and Social
Revolutionists reported taking place in
Moscow was an outgrowth of the Won
Mirbach affair. The Frankfort message
from Moscow mentioned such fighting as
taking place in various parts of the city
when the dispatch was filed, but gave
no details.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
JAPAN WATTS U. S. WORD
FOR ACTION IN SIBERIA

Toxic, July s.
After two weeks negotiations here
over the request of the European Allies
that Japan intervene in Siberia, IL may
be stated that Japan will not consider
intervention until the United States joins
the other Entente Allies in the request
II is generally believed that the Jap
anese favor Intervention. provided the
United States consents, but the attitude
OF President Wilson on the subject is
thought here 10 be unchanged.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
Allies Win in Macedonia

Paris. July 8. -. French troops. Co
operating with Italians. on the border of
Albania and Macedonia. near Koritza.
attacked the heights between the Devoli
and Tomorca Rivers for the purpose of
improving their position. They seized the
crest Of Gjasperit. in spite of the violent
resistance Of the enemy. and have re
pulsed counter-attacks. Some prisoners
have been taken,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
BUTCHER-AUTHOR SENTENCED
Gets Ten Years for Publishing AL.
legged Seditious Book
By the 4ssociafed Press

New York, July s.--Stephen Binder,
the Brooklyn butcher-author convicted
for violation of the espionage law, was
sentenced to ten years Imprisonment by
Federal Judge Garvin today.
Binder published a book called Light
and Truth" alleged TO be seditious. He
defended the book at his trial.
Sentence is imposed not primarily
to punish you, but to protect all Ameri-
cans" said Judge Garvin. at is their
right to know that a substantial term
of imprisonment awaits him who raises
his hand against the Government to-
day"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08

TO the Italian mechanic accompanying
him the imminent danger they were in.
The mechanic. without a moments hesi-
tation, climbed out and fought his way
to the wing against a tremendous wind
pressure. Then, lying f,at on his face,
and bracing his feet against the strut,
he grasped the machines damaged cable
with one hand on each side of the
break.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
CZECHO-SLOVAKS MAY
SOLVE SIBERIAN PUZZLE
Special Cable TO Evening Public Ledge,

Copyright, 1918. bv Nc,c York Times Co.
London. July g.
a dispatch to the Daily Express from
Toxic. dated July 2, says:
The Vladivostok Soviet had taken
elaborate measures TO resist the Czecho-
Slovaks. and the ease with which II
was dispossessed is an encouraging indi-
cation of tenuity of the Bolshevik power
i'm Siberia The CZecho-Slovaks at
VladKcstok are cut off from their COM
panies in western Siberia, but develop
ments suggest that soon they may jointly
control the Trans-Siberian Railway
The movement. Of which the Czecho-
Slovaks deeds are the outward mani
festations, is entirely spontaneous. The
main bodies of the Czecho- -Slovaks being
beyond the reach of the Eastern Allies,
their action proves the depth of Russian
antagonlsm to the Bolsheviki Slavs
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08

Amsterdam. July :
The position of the Czecho-Slovak
forces operating in Siberia has become
more serious for them, according to
Vienna dispatch to the Berlin Tageblatt
They already have suffered several
severe defeats. the message declares
Austro- Hungarian prisoners of war in
Siberia, the newspaper adds. are taking
a prominent part in the fighting against
the CZecho-SloVaks
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
Chinaman Practices Law

San Francisco. Cal. July S.-Chang
Chung Wing, native son Of California,
Is an attorney-at-law. the first Chinese
American to be admitted to the bar In
the State. He was given his legal papers
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08

Frederick Schneider. real estate
dealer Twenty-ninth street near Master
was held for court by Magistrate PEN
mock at Central Station today on a
charge preferred by May Mcintyre, sew
enteen years old, the same address
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08
Plain Facts About the Meat Business

lhe r ederal Trade Commission recent report
profits stated that the five large packers have been
proeering and that they have monopoly Of the market
hese conclusions if fair and just matters of serious
not only to those engaged in the packing
business but to every other citizen of our country
The figures given profits misleading and the
statement that the packers have monopoly is unsup-
ported by the facts.
The packers mentioned the report stand ready prove
their profits reasonable and necessary
The meat business of the largest American indus
tries. Any citizen who would famiarize himself with
details must be prepared for large totals.
The that the aggregate profits of four large
packers were 81 4O OOOO 900 for the three years.
This sum is compared with SIG 100000 as the average
annual profit for the three years before making
appear that the profit $l2l 100000 greater than
the pre-war profit
This compares three-year profit with oneyear profit
manfesy unfair method of comparison. is only
misleading, but the Federal Trade Commission ap
parently has made mistake in the figures themselves.
The aggregate three-year profit of $l4o,oo0,ooO
earned on sales of over four and half billion dollars 1t
about three each dollar of salesor
fraction OF a cent per pound OF product.
Packers profits negligible factor in prices of live
stock and No other large business is conducted
upon such small margins of profit
Furthermore this is very important-only small
portion this profit has been paid dividends The
balance has been put back into the businesses. had
be, you realize when you consider the problems the
packers have had to solve and solve quickly during
these years.
To conduct this business times with higher
and the necessity of paying three times the former
prices for live stock has required the of two three
times the ordinary amount of working capital. The addi
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-07-08

tlonal prot makes only fair return this and has
been stated the larger portion of the profits earned has
been used to finance huge stocks of goods and provide
additions and improvements made necessary by the
nous demands of our army and navy and the Allies.
If you business you will appreciate the signih
Of these facts If you unacquanted with busi-
talk this matter with business acquaint
ance-wlth your banker say-and ask him to compare
profits of the packing industry with those of any other
large industry at the present time
No evidence is offered by the Federal Trade Commission
support of the statement that the large packers have
monopoly The Commission report shows the large
number and Importance of other packers.
The packers mentioned in the statement stand ready
prove to any farminded person that they in keen
competition with each other and that they have power
manipulate prices.
If this they would dare make this
positive statement
Furthermore figures show that the five large
packers mentioned in the report account for only about
one-third of the meat business of the country
They wish possible interest you in the details of
their business Of how for instance they sell dressed
beef for less than the of the live ANIMAL owing to
utilization of byproducts and of the wonderful story of
the methods of distribution throug this broad land
we'll as in other countries.
The five packers mentioned feel justified in cooperating
with each other to the extent of together presenting this
public statement.
They have been able to do big job for your
in it's time of need they have met all wartime demands
promptly and completely and they are willing to trust
their to the farmndedness of the American people
with the facts before them.