davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
MODERN COAST
FORTIFICATIONS
NEEDED BY j. s.
Most Present Batteries 20
Years Old and Rendered
Obsolete by Advances.
InternatIonal 60 service /:

news
WASHINGTON, Dec. 3.-There is
an imperative need for immediate
construction of modern coast forti-
dcations to safeguard American har-
bors from future enemy naval raids.
a very large percentage of Ameri-
can seacoast batteries are now at
least 90 years old, and the recent
rapid advance in range and power
Of guns has left many of these for
tihcations obsolete.
This warning from the chief OF
engineers of the United States army
is today in the hands Of Sec'y of
War Baker. The report characterizes
rs wrong the former policy of mere
~ adding TO the seacOast defences
without revising the elements of the
fortifcations each year TO meet mod
ern conditions.
Would Replace some Yearly.
THE future policy Of the United
States" the report advises. SHOULD
be based upon the principle of re-
placing each year a certain percent
age of each element Of the defense
and 10 do the work proEressivelv
and Mt a fairly uniform annual rate.
so that in general all of our sea-
coast fortifcations will be fairly up-
to-date and the batteries and other
elements of the defences will be re-
placed before they become entirely
obsolete"
The engineering department. 10
meet new elements of warfare that
have been perfected during the
world war makes these recommen-
dations.
Overhead cover on seacoast
gun emplacements must be strength
ened to guard against the plunging
shots OF very long range fire and
against aircraft bombing attacks.
2-The increase in the rapidity OF
the fire of new guns should be met
by changes such as may be possible
i'm our ammunition service. so as
10 increase the rapidity of fire OF the
American seacoast gums.
Increase Magazine Space.
3-The increase in the eXpendi-
ture OF ammunition in the newer
guns should be provided for by in-
creasing our magazine space and hv
firing our seacoast guns only with
such charges as viii increase the ac-
curacv life of the gun
4-The development Of portable
mounts for large modern guns
should be followed I'm seacoast de-
fences by installing some of our sea-
coast guns upon porta ble mounts
moving on railroad tracks. and GER
tain of the new types Cf fire should
be adopted in the handling of sea-
coast guns.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
MAYOR HAS IDEA
FOR MONUMENT.
Carson Would Erect COmbina-
ton Coliseum and City
Hall Addition.

Serving double purpose. that OF
providing more space I'M which ID
transact the citys business. and Of
providing large coliseum for the
enjoyment of the citizens of the en-
tire county. monument 90 the sol
diers of the city and county who
gave their lives during the world
war may ue contained I'm building
10 be erected on the property just
north o. the city building on y.
Main ST.
Mayor Carson Tuesday announced
that for several weeks ne and city
Atty. Thomas ". Slick have been
looking mp the law i'm regard 10 the
city erecting such a building ana
the city attorney has not vet render
ed an opinion.
The mayor believes that q monu-
mert that would prove useful would
be more appropriate than shaft or
tablet bearing merely the names o.
the men of the county. who made
the supreme sacrifice I'm the war.
Itis pointed out by the mayor that
q coliseum is badly needed in South
Bend And ne further points out thac
bv the city erecting such a struc-
ture. more space could he provided
for city haU offices. The city owns
The property adjoining ,he citv
building ON the north. TIE city's
land there has a y Main st. 'front.'
age Of SIS feet and runs 20 a depth
of 125 feet
The mayors plan is for the city
20 erect a three story structure at "a
cost Of at least $4,000 To would
have an ornate dome over the coll
.seum which would be reached by
runways instead OF by stairways so
that IN this way the first 7oo- front
age on Main ST. could he used for
city offices The runways would De-
circular. according 90 the mayors
tentative plans.
The mayors plans for the moru-
mert have not advanced 90 the are h
itectural stage owing Co ms desire TO-
De advised first i'm recard 10 how
far the city can go in the expendi-
ture Of money for the erection OF
r. coliseum
Also included in the mayors ten
tative monument plans is the leas-
CONTINUED OK PAGE FOUR
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
ES SEAL FATE OF KAISER WILL ASK HOLLAND TO SURRENDER XWR LORI
Barber Does a Rushing
Business in "Tonics :,
but Police Interfere

is guaranteed to make the hah
grow, but another kind altogether.
1t was the kind that Mr.. Pommert is
said TO have sold by the % cents
worth and it was not for the hair at
all.
Several days ago the police de-
partments attention was directed to
the steadily growing trade of the
shop, and an investigation began.
The police had their suspicious
aroused by the increased sale of
tonics at the shop. and an investi-
cation was instituted.
Then Tuesday morning Detective
Sergt William II. Barnhart and ii
detail Of officers visited the barber
shop in their official capacity and
placed the proprietor under arrest
They were armed with the informa-
tion that the tonics of which Mr..
Pommert sold the most had a dis
couraging eject on customers loco
motion when taken internally. and
that is said TO be the way it was TAX
en-.
Formal charges of having the un-
lawful possession of liquor for sale
and Of making sales of it We're
lodged against the barber shop pro-
prietor at police headquarters and
he was placed under $500 bonds.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03

Albert Pommert's barber shop at
S14 5. Main st. has been doing an
exceedingly good business. For sew
eraI months there has been a grow
ing trade. and the patrons of this
tonsorial establishment were of all
classes.
The increase in the price of hair
cuts and shaves did not appear to
effect the trade in the least In fact
the customers seemed to increase in
numbers. and the proprietor and his
assistants were kept busy through
out the days.
one reason for the steadily grow
ing trade of the POmmert parlors is
said 10 have been the fact that the
proprietor specialized in tOnics of
various kinds. I'm the rear of the
shop is a sort Of store room in which
the proprietor kept his stock Of
various kinds Of tonics, some guar
anteed 20 make the hair grow and
others that are said to contain
properties that would even take the
curl out of the kinkiest kind Of
locks
And it was the varied assortment
OF tonics that brought the Pommert
tonsorial parlors into the limelight
Tuesday morning Not the kind that
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
BY HENRA q. WALLIS.

luteruatIonal NeW~ Service.
PARIS. Dec Diplomatic cir
cIes do not believe that the allies do
intend 90 make "a martyr OF the ex-
kaiser. although the extremists ana
international lawyers are sending
Numerous articles 20 the press sup
porting the demand for the extradi-
ton. trial and execution of the one
time war lord
If the allies undertook 90 pun
ish all of the malefactors lt would
mean wholesale executions. prob
ably a couple OF thousand" " said on.
high Official Besides the kaiser
there is the ex-crown prince and
cruel commanding officers Of pris-
on camps air raiders and sub
marines as well as town mayors
responsible for the deportauons and
atrocities in Belgium and northern
France
World Would Shudder
"Remember how the world shud-
dered when the British executed
Mad Mullah's chieftains and loud
er cry would Dee raised III the guilty
Huns were shot. owing TO their great
mum bers If the German people arr
really undergoing change Of heart.
they viii deal with the kaiser them
selves better than we could withou
martyring him. Holland viii rid her
self of her visitor a. the proper
time"
Belief was expressed that the eN-
ka iser NAV return 10 Germany vol
otherwise when the
German people viii have am opp0r-
tunity 90 demonstrate the true scop-
OF their change of heart and their
reformation in politics.
Ef the former kaiser is received ~
viii prove that the German people
coudoue the Iunkers and miIirarism-
But if the fatherIand is really dem
ocratized. the erstwhile emperor. as
well ass others guilty OF starting Jhs
war viii DO properly punished B,
was declared
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03

chief co-belligerents for the defense
of civilization.
Postpone League OF Nations.
"Two-That any project for any
general league of nations or for any
sweeping change in the ancient laws
of the sea as hitherto recognized as
international law and violated by the
Teutonic powers should be post
poned for separate consideration not
alone by The victorious belligerents
but by an the nations. If and when
lat some future time general confer
ences or those subjects might Doe
deemed useful.
BE IL further resolved. That i'm
mediately upon compliance with the
terms of the armistice and the
guaranteed attained of the war aims
ass aforesaid. the army and navy Of
the United States should be with
drawn from foreign territories and
waters. except insofar as their re-
tenuon might be temporarily neces-
sary TO establish the status Contem-
plated by She armistice: and
Further. That the extraordinary
powers conferred upon the desident
for the prosecution OF the war
should be withdrawn and the coun-
try restored 10 a normal condition
Of peace. with the greatest possible
celebrity consistent with the national
interest"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03

TIE resolution spea KS for per-
manent association with the present
allies of the United States for deal
ing with any future menace should
the same necessity arise"
It recommends the removal of
American naval and military forces
from foreign territory and waters
so soon as the terms of the armis-
uce are complied with I'm addition
it would strip from the president
all his extraordinary war powers. i'm
the interest of "a speedy return TO
the conditions or peace.
Sets Jp War Aims
The resolution declares the United
States entered the war Gin order TO
vindicate the ancient rights os uavi-
cation as established under iuterna-
tiOnal law and TO remove forever
the German menace to- our peace"
The resolution was referred 10 the
foreign -elatiOns committee.
DC reals I'm part as follows
'Be il resolved That the purposes
of the United States of America iu
these conferences should be condncd
TO aforesaid aims and matters eer-
name thereto.
"One--That for the safeguardine
of those aims the FIRST essential is
a definite understanding that the
same Necessity arising i'm the future
there shall be the same complete
accord and cooperation with our
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
Restricted Plan
Of Price Fixing
is Recommended
Trade Board Says Unre-
strained Price Cutting Not
in Public Interest.
Interuational News Service

! international News service
/ WASHINGTON, Dec. "a law TO
permit price fixing, under certain
restrictions, was urged upon con
gress by the federal trade commits
sion today. Under the proposed law,
if the manufacturer of an article
produced and sold under cOmpeti-
tive conditions desired to fix re-
sale prices he would file with some
agency TO be designated by congress
a description Of the article and the
desired price schedule. This agency.
either upon its own initiative or
upon complaint. would be given the
power 20 revise this schedule.
There must be a common ground,
the commission points out. where
i'm the rights OF producer, purchaser
and consumer may each be fully
secured and equity done 10 all" In
it's efforts i'm this direction the COM
mission il was stated, arrived at
these conclusions.
One-That producers OF identified
goods should be protected I'm their
intangible property right or good
viii.
Two-That the unlimited power
both to fix and 20 enforce and main
tain a resale price may not be
made lawful with safety.
Three-That unrcstrained price
cutting is not i'm the public interest
such legislation as that favored
by the commission, it is contended.
would be i'm accord with the spirit
of the times i'm that il is designed
ito promote the efficiency Of manu-
featuring and commercial interests
and so to serve the interests of the
consuming public
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03

international News Service
WASHINGTON. Dee a-ForEet.
ting an other tasks before it. the
senate centered its attention today
ON two resolutions connected with
Pres't Wilson's trip abroad
The first, the Cummins resolution,
would send q select senate commit
tee to Paris t. watch the peace con-
ference and report upon it to the
senate.
The second the sherman resolu-
ton, would declare the preside
vacant and cali upon Vice Pres't
Marshall to assume the Office OF the
chief executive for the remainder
of Pres't Wilson's term.
Both to BE Beaten
IT was believed today that neither
of these resolutions would pass the
senate but both viii prove vehicles
of debate that win allow senator's
10 give expressions To many seuti-
meuts they have entertained lut
not discussed during the war period
Vice Trest Marshall refused to
recognize Sen. Sherman when he
sought % introduce his yes.lut.0n
Yesterday. The resolution VIII te
put in TO-DAY and VIII Dee sent or
with "a speech rv the Illinois senator.
Sen. Knox is expected M seize the
opportunity 70 deliver q speech upon
the responsibility Of the senate for
treaties entered into by the govern
ment. which he has had iu prepa-
ration ever since the laer session
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
CLEVELAND CAR MEN
OPPOSE WOMEN, STRIKE
70tern1tionaI NaWs Servi"a:

International News Service
CLEN ELAND. o., Dec. Every
street car in this city stopped rum
ming at o'clock this morning. when
1900 street car men walked out.
demanding that the company cease
employins women conductors. Auto
trucks buses and all kinds OF con-
yeyances were drafted into use and
every effort rvas beinE made 90 carry
the thousands 81 workers 10 their
employment
AZ 30 "a. IN. no effort had been
made hv the company 20 operate
cars although Gen. MGR RadcHna
stated 49, many ears as possible
would .e operated.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
CONFERENCES
ON SHIPBOARD
WILSON s PLAN
President to Leave For New
York at Midnight and Sail
For France at 1890
on Wednesday.
International News Service


LONDON. Dec. 3-U:3O p.
m.)-Prcs't Wilson's address,
formally announcing his intcn-
tiOn OF going I'D the peace con-
ference I'm France, received
warm approval in the London
press this afternoon.
The afternoon papers printed
the speech i'm full
"Prcs't Wilson's mission will
De the raising ON the fOunda-
tiOns of victory OF new bull
warks Of human tranquility and
well being" said the Poll Mail
Gazette. 'Prcs't Wilson's at
tendance at the peace confer
cnce II welcome and valuable.
His moral sincerity contributed
directly 90 the breaking up of
Austria and while rcmapping
Europe there T. none whose au-
tisOrity viii go farther in com
manding respect for the SOiu-
tiOnS reached"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
NUMBERS MAY
SAVE LIVES OF
HUN LEADERS
Wholesale Executions Re-
quired if All Guilty Were to
be Punished Causes
ReVuISiOn.
International News Service

International NnW> Service.
LONDON.Nov 3.-(2:i5 p.mD
While the allied conference
now in session here il in ab-o-
lutc agreement regarding thc
proposed punishment for the
cN-kaiscr.it has been decided not
To act until PrcS't Wilson ar
rives i'm Europe. the Evening
News stated This afternoon.
If Holland refuses To- surrrn-
der the former German emperor
without the consent of the Ger
man government, pressure viii
be- brought tO bear upon The
Dutch government To secure the
cN-war lords cNtradition. 10 was
said.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
RED CROSS IS
FASTENING To
RELIEVE YANKS
Work of Bringing Americans
Out of Germany Being
Aided by Cooperation of
Swiss Government.
BY NEWTON c. PARKE.


International News Service.
PARIS. Dec. 3.-The work of
bringing American prisoners out of
Germany is being hastened oy the
American Red Cross with the CO.
operation of the Swiss government.
Arrangements have virtually been
completed 90 send three Swiss hos
pital trains 10 the Eastatt prison
camp i'm Germany where there are
$500 American captives. mostly
privates, said advices from Berne
today.
1t is planned 10 concentrate prac-
tically an of the American prisoners
at Rastatt.
According to the program the first
train was to leave sometime yester-
day. the second today, and the third
tomorrow.
Repatriates Civilians.
The repatriation of all American
civilian prisoners from Germany
through switzerland has been APP
proved by Cen. Pershing by the
chief of the American committee on
permanent relief. by the inter-allied
commission at Spa, by the American
Red Cross and Swiss commissions
and the German high command.
The Swiss government is fur
nishng fully equipped trains, in
Guiding hospital cars, with complete
sanitary service. They viii cross
through Constance 10 Berne and
thence to Beuesarde on the French
frontier
The American Red Cross in Swift
zerland is arranging with the Amer
lean government TO pay aIl the cost
while the Swiss government under
took 10 obtain the approval of the
German government FOR the re-
patriation of the Americans, at the
same time requesting the French
government that the Swiss trains en-
tering France be allowed to proceel
without interruption.
French Furnish Fuel.
The French are TO furnish coal
and oil as the Swiss trains are now
running ON limited schedules and
are not running at all ON Sundays.
because of the lack of fuel
a representative of the American
Red cross has gone 10 Berlin 10 ar
range for the concentration Of the
Americans.
Dr. Ceserole of Lausanne, and Al
fred Nez. both Swiss citizens. arc
i'm Germany. also. where they are
expediting the work Of concentra-
tion and the making-up OF "a special
train to bear the sick Americans.
Financing is Difficult.
They have been having the great
est difficulty i'm financing the ar
rangements because Germany does
not permit banks TO pay out more
than 200 marks at a time 20 an in
dividual nor more than 500 marks
in week.
The American Red Cross has se-
cured permission for Americans 70
enter Germany TO work among the
Yankee prisoners. Previously only
neuuals were allowed TO enter Ger
many for that purpose.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
Proposes Indefinite
POStpOnement of the
Keystone Prin cpIe
Resolution Would Forbid American DELEGATES to Discuss
Project of World League at Coming
Peace Conference
Peace Conference.


"A9HL\OII on Dec 3-A resolution limiting the American
delegates at the peace conference to discussion of be aims for
me attainment OF which the United States entered the war was
HOuuOed III The senate this afternoon I Knox of Penn
Syvana former state The resolution voIi de-
care to be the sense of the that the discussion of any
3teS to the seas should he put over for discussion At ]
Ia deemed advisable
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03

international News Service.
WASHINGTON. Dec 3.-pres
Wilson will sail for Europe tomor-
row He viii land az Brest, France.
on Dec. II, early i'm the afternoon
Ev that date the president and has
fcliow delegates who will represent
the United States at the comins
peace conference. Will hrve COM
pleted their program.
Although no official announce
meut was made. IL was indicated
That the president would start for
Sew York about midnight and thai
the George Washington. upon which
the presidential party viii make the
voyage. would pull out Of her pier
about 1880 O'Clock tomorrow. Sec'y
Tumulty viii accompany the presi
den, 90 New York. where he plans
to remain for two or three days.
There will he a good many CON
-ereuces enroute. As "a matter OF
fact IL Is understood here TO be the
intention of the president To- have
She correspondence between all OF
the allied premiers and himself. the
various foreign ministers and the
state department and the great
mass OF confidential Information
gathered by the agents OF Col H.. NJ.
House since the latter was named
over a year ago 20 compile infor-
nation dealing with reconstruction
or the world. considered and fully
discussed by all Of the delegations.
of course. Cen Bliss viii not he
present but he already is generally
familiar with the details so that
tuis viii Poe no very sreat h3ndi-
cap.
To Hold Conferences.
With an OF the delegates COM
uletely informed concerning details
oi what has been tranSplfln- lJ VIII
he very easy to reach basis OF
common understanding for action
when the reace conference actually
meets Of course the president VIII
hold a number Of informal confer
cuces prior 20 the beginning of the
resular peace meetings Tn thes.
conferences II is not expected here
that any other American represeu
tative will participate As matte
40 fact there viii he little need Tor
this inasmuch as Ensland France
,beu oniv bv premiers
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03
LINER READY TO
SAIL SOON As
WILSON BOARDS
All Preparations Are Com
pIeted and Only Sailing
Orders Are Awaited.
.ternatIgnnI - service .

international News Service:
NEW YORK. Dec. 3.-The liner
George Washington, on which Pres [
Wilson and the peace delegates VIII
sail 10 France, is ready 10 sail when
ever the president and his party get
aboard.
Capt c.. B. Morgan of Rear Ad-
miral Gleaves' staff. announced to-
day that preparations were COM
plete. and only sailing orders are
necessary Naval officials admitted,
however. that the time of sailing and
the methods by which the president
viii embark are being closely guard
ed.
'The big liner has been completely
overhauled in preparation for the
trip abroad. Forty-nine staterooms,
as bathrooms, two smoking rooms.
conference hall, a ladies' lounge
a large mess hall and the Main Q
deck corridor have been redecorated
and newly furnished.
Presidents suite.
The presidents suite of three
rooms on the port side of the main
.t' lh N'AA'.t'Nn va tA nA.lNh - fIAl AUA anu
bedroom. fitted with mahogany fur
uiture and decorated in hangings OF
eray Mrs. Wilson's suite. across the
corridor from that of the president
has been decorated i'm lighter tone.
pink being the dominating color.
The main promenade has been
enclosed in glass and more than a
hundred men have been employed
i'm re-decorating the liner.
The president and his immediate
party viii dine in q private dining
room. II was said today. Louis Seres.
Biltmore hotel chef. viii have
charge of preparing the presidential
menus. The chef and his assistants
have been sworn into the navy for
,Ae trip.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-12-03

(CoNTINUED on PAGE FOUR)
The north Mississippi herald. (Water Valley, Yalobusha Co., Miss.) 1888-1929, 1918-12-13
l5.o53.7se TONS OF
SHIPS LOST IN WAR

The worlds total losses Of mer-
chant tonnage from the beginning OF
the war to the end Of October, 1918,
by enemy action and marine risk was
15,053,786 gross tons, according to
official announcement issued.
During the same period vessels
totaling 10,849,527 tons were con-
structed and enemy tonnage totaling
2,392,675 was captured, making a
net loss of tonnage during the war of
1,S11,584.
During the war 2,475 British ships
were sunk with their crews, and 3d.
lat vessels were sunk and their crews
left adrift, according to statement
by Sir Eric Geddes, first lord of ad-
miralty, in an address in support of
a fund by the women of the empire
to erect memorial to British mer-
chantiseamen. Fishing vessels to the
number of go have been lost during
the period of hostilities and the mer-
chant marine service has suffered
casualties exceeding $4,000 men, Sir
Eris added.