davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05
ConDicted Woman Pleads
Case Before Bar in y. S.
Court in Striking Style

The address by Mrs. Kate
Richards OfHare was delivered
when she was asked IL she had
anything to say why judgment
should not be pronounced in ac-
cordance with the verdict OF the
jury that held her guilty of es-
pionage, I'm the delivery of her
address at Bowman. N. D., last
summer. The full text follows:
The court:
Is there anything to be said now
why sentence should not be imposed
upon this defendant?
Mrs. O'Hare:
Yes, your honor.
I was taught In high school that
law was pure logic. Abstract law
may be pure logic, but the applica-
tipn of the law Of testimony In this
case seems to have gone far aield
from logic.
As your honor knows, am n pro-
fessional woman, following the pro-
fession Of delivering lectures where
by / hope to induce my hearers to
study the philosophy of Socialism. In
the regular course of my profession
and work 1 delivered during this lee
ture year lectures ali over the United
States, or practically all over. l de-
lNETEd LHlS lecture IN NDL III Od1bLl4Ad
when the draft riots were at their
height; / delivered 1t in Globe, Ariz-
oua, to ten thousand people, two or
three days following the deportations
from Bisbee. and on the day when
the strike vote was taken when eX-
citement ran high and passions were
having their sway. l delivered it in
San Francisco during the Mooney
case; and the same thing was true
in Portland, Idaho, and in the north
western lumber regions during the
great /. w. w, excitement; and at all
Of these lectures conditions were as
tense as conditions could be. The
men who were in the employ Of the
United States in the department Of
justice were present at my meetings.
These men are trained, highly eff
cient, and highly paid detectors Of
crime and criminals. In all these
months when my lecture was under
the scrutiny OF this kind OF men
there was no suggestion at any time
that there was anything in the lee
ture that was Objectionable, that was
reasonable, that was sedItious. 1t
was the custom at my meetings to
send complimentary tickets to the
district attorney and the marshal
and deputy marshals Of the district
IN order that they might hear the
lecture and attend the meeting. This
plan was followed practically every
where that ] spoke.
And then, in the course OF the trip,
I landed at Bowman little, sordid,
wind-blown, sun -blistered, FROST
SCARED town on the plains Of west
ern Dakota. There was nothing un-
usual in my visit to Bowman, except
the fact that it was unusual to make
a town Of this size. The reason did
was because there was one man
whose loyalty and faithfulnCss and
unselfish service to the cause to
which / had given my life! wanted
me to come, and felt he had a right
to demand my services.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05
Looks to Friends
To Support Her.

Your honor, there are 100, 900 peo.
pie, and more, in the United States
who know me personally. They have
listened to my voice, looked in my
face, and they have worked side b,
side with me every great reform
movement Of the last twenty years
My life mas been an open book tC
them. They know what ii has been
They know that from my earliest
girlhood down to this time / have
given all that am, all that have
my girlhood, my young womanhood
my wifehood, even my motherhood
for have carried my unborn children
out into this struggle for better con-
ditions for the working class. And
your honor, at this time, no Judge OF
earth, and no jury on earth, and nj
ten thousand judges, or ten THOUSAND
turies, can ever convince these
hundred thousand people who know
me and have worked with me, and
these millions who have read my
writings, that I am a criminal, or
that ] have ever given anything to
my country except my most unself-
ish devotion and service. You can
not convince the mass Of people who
know me that I am dangerous to the
United States government. All! They
are willing to admit that / am dan
gerous to some things in the United
States, and / thank God that 1 am.
1 am dangerous to the invisible gov
ernment of the United States: | am
dangerous to the special privileges
Of the United States; / am dangerous
to the white SLAYER and to the saloon
keeper, and ] thank God that at this
hour / am dangerous to the war
profiteers Of this country who rob
the people on the one hand, and rob
and debase the government on the
other; and then with their pockets
and wallets stuffed with the filthy,
bloodstained profits Of war, wrap the
sacred folds of the Stars and Stripes
about them and shout their blatant
hypocrisy to the world. You can con-
vince the people that ! am dangerous
to these men; but no jury and no
judge can convince them that / am
a dangerous woman to the best in
terests Of the United States. And at
this hour will my conviction, will my
Incarceration behind the bars Of a
prison have the tendency to cement
and hold together the great mass Of
people in this nation, or will 1T have
the tendency to create hatred and
bitterness, and arouse suspicion, and
make these people who know me, and
who cannot be brought to doubt me,
feel that this whole case is nothing
but an attempt on the part Of the
war profiteers to eliminate and get
out OF the way woman that is
dangerous to them? Your honor,
do not believe that Is true. / do not
believe at this point that you are the
tool of the war prohteers. / do not
hnTFnvra AZ Hg ~ tho nfuFVfn# Of
torney. I do not believe at this time
that this case is anything but one Of
those weary, grotesque, fantastic
things that has grown out of the
war hysteria. But / say that the
great mass OF the people OF the
United States are going to have that
thing burned into their souls il / go
to prison. And you have learned in
North Dakita what happens when
the working classes have these things
burned into their souls.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05
Judge Wade Lays Down
Cardinal Principles of
True DeUotion to Nation

1 barred this from the mails. have
the April and May numbers.
Attitude Before
The War Shown.
In April l see they publish from
Eugene Debs this statement:
LAS we have said, the bankers are
for bullets-for the fool patriots that
enlist at paupers wages to stop the
bullets while the bankers clip cou-
pons, boost food prices, increase di-
vidends, and pile up millions and bill
lions for themselves.
Say, Mr.. Workingman, suppose
you have enough sense for once to be
as patriotic as the banker, but not a
bit more so. When you see the
bankers on the firing line with guns
in their hands ready to stop bullets
as we'll as start them, then Ii is time
enough for you to be seized with the
patriotic itch and have yourself shot
into a crazy-quilt for their profit and
glory.
Don't you take At and rush to
the front until you see them there.
They own the country and If they
don't set the example Of lighting for
ii, why should you?"
This was in April, before the war
was declared. Up to that time 1
realize that every. person in this
country had the right to discuss the
war, express their opinions against
the war. give any reasons they
might have against the war But
you will find here in this statement
the note that rings out from the
statement of the defendant here in
court this afternoon, and which forms
the foundation Of the entire gospel
of hate which she and her associates
are preaching to the American peo-
pie, that this nation is helpless, pros
trate, downtrodden by a few capital
lists, and that the average man has
not a chance on earth. That this
war is a war of capitalism: that it
was brought about by capital, and
in the interest Of capital; that one
hundred, or two hundred, or three
hundred millionaires and bilIionaires,
If you please, in these United States,
dominate the souls and consciences
of the other ninety-nine millions Of
American people. This will be more
apparent as proceed with her work.
/ take the May number, after war
was declared, and I find in an article
written by Kate Richards O'Hare the
following:
Not only will the capitalists who
forced the war be compelled to pay
the money price of it from their
bloodstained profits, but they will be
forced to socialize industry in order
that the war may be carried on. In
dividualism run amuck can force a
war, but only socialism can save the
human race from suicide i
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05
II Am Not Asking
For ClemenCy".

So, now, your honor. am not ask
ing for clemency, am not asking for
mercy. l would scorn to do such a
thing. To ask for clemeney or for
mercy would be an admission Of
some sense Of guilt on my part and
there is absolutely none, and I Will
not and do not ask for mercy. All
i am asking you to consider is the
greatest good to the greatest num-
ber What can we do TO make this
nation united? What are the dangers
Of arousiug hatred and suspicion.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05
I'VE Will Resist
ConsCription"

I'VE Socialists have bitterly op-
posed our nation being dragged into
the world war, we oppose it still. We
will resist conscription with every
force at our command, but since the
war has been forced upon US, we will
use it as a weapon by-which we may
wrest the means of life from the
hands of the capitalist class and re-
store them to the workers"
This is the gospel she thinks she
can help the nation with at the pres
ent time.
But that is not all. The depart
ment Of justice furnishes me the fol-
lowing resolutions adopted at meet
ing of the extreme wing of the
Socialist party to which the defend
ant belongs. at their st. Louis con-
vention, after war was declared. The
secret service in sending in their
report says in a letter:
1--WE have been unable 10 secure
anything specific on her that would
be a violation Of the federal law in
this district, but have placed her I'm
a class that we are morally certain
whose hearts and souls are for Ger
many and against our country.
Nothing would please this office
more than to hear that she got life"
I turn to the resolution. This
defendant was chairman Of the COM
mittee that brought in these resolu-
tions. A newspaper Of the city of st.
Louis, in describing this convention,
states:
"The Socialist party in national
convention at the Planters hotel last
night, adopted resolutions proclaim
ing it's 'unalterable opposition to the
war just declared by the govern
ment Of the United States
"The majority report of the COM
mittee on war and militarism con-
tanning the resolutions, received 140
votes. An even more radical report
by Louis Boudin Of New York, re-
ceived 81 votes. The conservative
minority report Of John Spargo of
New York, declaring the Socialists
should support the war, received only
five votes.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05

Judge Wade, in passing sem
tence on Mrs. OhHare, presented
q remarkable picture of that
type Of agitators who see moth
ing good in America; that type
that ne sets down as most dan
gerous to the welfare of the
United States Of America in its
present day crisis. Judge Wade's
full address follows:
1t is never a pleasant duty for me
to sentence anybody to prison, and it
certainly is not a pleaasnt duty to
send q woman to prison; and how
ever careless may be in other things
in court in the course Of a trial, in
all the years l have been on the
bench, in the state and federal courts,
have made ii a rule to try 20 find
out whom am sending to prison, be-
cause we all make mistakes in this
world at times. On the spur Of the
moment and under excitement some
times people are misled, and commit
offenses, and 1 have a hard time to
reconcile my view Of things with
heavy sentences in those cases.
Therefore, when this case was closed
l made up my mind that would find
out before imposing sentence in this
case what were the activities Of this
defendant.
She testified here upon the stand
of her loyalty and her support Of the
President, and / was sort of hoping
in my heart that somewhere L would
find out that after all she was such
a woman as she has here pictured
herself today, and that thus a small
penalty for this offense might be
adequate, because / realize this is
serious business. The nation is at
war. Every sane man and woman
knows that there is only one way
that this war can be won, and that is
by having men and money and spirit
Those three things are necessary
spirit in the men in the service, and
spirit in the men and women behind
the men. And it was because of
these absolute essentials that Cong
ress enacted the Espionage law, to
reach out and take hold Of those who
are trying to kill the spirit Of the
American people, in whole or in part;
trying to put in their hearts hate
towards this government and to-
ward the officials Of this government
conducting the war. That is why the
Espionage act was enacted. And,
realizing that this was such a grave
matter, I investigated it as far as
possible to find out really what char
acter Of woman this defendant is,
and has been, in her work. / heard
the evidence in this case. / had
nothing to do with the question of
whether she was guilty or innocent.
The jury settled that question, and,
in my judgment, settled 1t right.
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05

When I arrived In Bowman for my
lecture Il chanced that 10 was the
ndhenents of the new order that at
tended. paid for the tickets appre-
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05
Same Statements
Made at Garrison.

I received information from an
other town in North Dakota here,
and this information was given In
the presence Of counsel for the de-
fendant-at Garrison, is that the
place THAT in her lecture there she
made the statement that mothers who
reared sons to go into the army were
no better than animals on a North
Dakota farm; that this war was in
behalf Of the capitalists, and that If
we had loaned our money to Ger
many instead of to the allies, we
would now be fighting with Germany
instead Of with the allies; that she
had boys, but they are not old
enough to go to war, and that If they
were they would not go; that the way
to stop the war was to strike, and
If the 1aboring men OF this nation
would strike the war would soon be
ended. OF course, that was an cx
parte matter. i have heard enough
of testimony in my life, and / have
seen enough of human nature to
know that sometimes these things
are stretched because of the feeling
OF a party on one side or another Of
the question. So / thought I would
go back and see what she had been
doing.
/ wired the postofice department
at Washington, and received a tele-
gram which states: Party Is On
editorial staff OF publication Social
Revolution, st. Louis, Mo-, which has
been barred from mails for gross
violations Of Espionage act, and is
successor to Ripsaw. Party appears
to be of the extreme type who have
attempted to handicap the govern
ment In every way in the conduct of
the present war;. That was only
statement of an opinion. I tried to
get copies OF the Social Revolution,
and have not succeeded in getting
either the number for June or July
Mrs. O'Hare: There is no July
number, your honor.
The Court: At some period dur
ing that time the postmaster general
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05

must be cared for-is ii not possible
that in that hour, in that day of
stress and trial and heartache and
misery that ], who have had twenty
years Of apprenticeship, twenty
years Of everlasting study and strug-
gle to fit myself to deal with the
downtrodden and the oppressed and
the heartbrolxen and soulsick and
weary-is it not possible that in that
hour I can serve my country better
at liberty to write and speak and do
my work, than / can serve 1t incar-
cerated in a prison cell?
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05
Text of Remarkable Addresses Kate Oare Espionage Case

tions, mass petitions, and ali other
means within our power.
=. Unyielding opposition to all
| proposed legislation for military or
industrial conscription. Should such
conscription be forced upon the peo-
pie, we pledge ourselves to contin-
uous efforts for the repeal of such
laws and to the support OF all mass
movements in opposition to con-
scriptioh.
%. Vigorous resistance to all re-
dictionary measures, such as censor
ship Of press and mails, restriction
Of the rights Of free speech, assem-
blage and organization, or compul-
sorry arbitration Ind limitation OF
the right to strike.
"A. Consistent propaganda against
military training and militaristic
teaching in the public schools.
Il. We recommend that the con-
vention instruct our elected repre-
sentatives in congress. in the state
legislature, and in local bodies, to
vote against all proposed appropria-
tions or loans for military, naval, and
other war purposes.
and other war purposes" We
were raising an army then. They
were proposing to instruct their rep
resentatives in congress to vote
against raising dollar for their
support.
"2 We recommend that this conE
vention instruct the national execu-
tive committee to extend and improve
the propaganda among women, be-
cause they, as housewives, and as
mothers, are now particularly ready
to accept our. message.
%. We recommend that the con-
vention instruct the national execu-
tive committee to initiate an organ
lied movement Of Socialists, organ
lied workers, and other anti-war
forces for concerted action along the
lines of our program.
"(Signed)''-
Kate Richards o'Hare, chairman.
Victor L. Berger.
Job Hartman.
Morris Hillquit.
''Dan Hogan.
frank Midney.
Patrick Quinian.
&C. E. Ruthenberg.
Maynard Shipley.
Geo. Spiess, jr.
"Algernon Lee, secretary"
The Fargo forum and daily republican., 1918-01-05

CONTINUED on page 10.l
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1918-08-10
WHATEVER YOU WANTH==
S YOUR PHONE

II you live in Albuquerque and
can not call IN person, use your
phone aud your orders viii be Civ
en- the same attention aS if YOU had
called in person.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-03
AMERICANS ID DO |NSTRUCT|NG
 IN THE FUTURE
Men Overseas Have Reached High State of Training and Will Furnish In-
 struct0rs for Home

Washington. Aug. 2.-The American forces in France have reached such a high state of training in the new methods of warfare that they are to furnish instructors for the new units being organized in the United States. No additional instructors from the all lied armies will be asked except pos sibly in special technical cases
 It was learned officially today that the war department had ordered a number of officers back from Franco to command brigades in the 12 new di- visions. the formation of which were announced by General March, chief of staff, in the last two weeks
 Among the officers known to Have received their orders are Brig. Gen. Douglas Macarthur. who is to go 10 Camp Meade. Md, and Brig. Gen. Cor nelius Vanderbilt. who went overseas as colonel of engineers to Camp Lewis, Wash.
 Should the indicated policy of the department to organize six additional divisions month to be carried out, | continual stream of officers who have won their spurs in France. probably will be brought back to train the new contingents.
 The chief of staff has definitely an- nounced the decision of the war de- partment to build each of the new di- visions around nucleus of two vet eran infantry regiments The number of units available in the United States for this purpose has been practically exhausted by the organizations already announced. and it issconsidered is likely that regiments from the first Ameri- can contingents will be brought home to serve as foundations for later al- ditions to the army.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-03
RAINBOW DIVISION PAID HIGH TRIBUTE French Commander Says Division Ready to Take Glorious Place in New
 Battle Line

Washington. Aug. 2,-Striking triD- ute to the valor and fighting efficier- cy of the Forty-second (Rainbow) di- vision of the army by General Duport, commanding the French Sixth army corps in Lorraine. to which the Forty second was attached up to the middle or last June, is contained in general or- ders issued by the French commander bidding farewell to the Americans when they set out for the battle front on the Aisne-Marne lines where they are today proving their mettle in at tack
 General Duport said the division was ready to take glorious place in the new line of battle,' and paid tribute also to the skill of Major General Menoher, commanding, and of Colonel tnow Brigadier GeneraD Douglas Mac Arthur, divisional chief of staff.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-03
ALLIES SUFFER A COMPLETE REFUSE, ANNOUNCES BERLIN German War Office An nouncement Says Allies Failed to Gain Any Ter
 ritory Thursday

Berlin, August 2.--(via London.) issued today. de3ling with the fighting of Thursday, says that the allies be- tween Soissons and Fere- En -Tardenois suffered complete repulse and failed to gain territory.
 British and French tanks which crossed the front German lines and
 reached the heights north of Beugneux were shot to pieces, according to the report
 The text of the communication fol- lows:
 Between Soissons and Fere- En- Tardenois the enemy yesterday con- tinued his useless attacks. Strong ar tillery duels preceded the attacks, which were directed in the morning against our front on both sides of Vile Montaire and in the afternoon extend ed as far south as Hartennes. They were repulsed before our lines, sometimes in Ihand-to-hand fighting. Here the enemy once again suffered complete failure without any gain in territory. Bringing the strongest forces into action, British and French divisions att tackled in the early morning from the I line north of Grand Rozoy and Fere- En -Tardenois. On both sides of Beug- neux their tanks crossing our front 1 lines. were able to reach the height north of this place. Here our artillery | shot them to pieces.
 After bitter fighting, the enemys infantry attacks on the northern slopes of the height were frustrated
 Enemy attacks renewed here in the afternoon were sanguinarily repulsed. Between Cramaille and Fere- En-
 Tardenois attacks by the enemy's in-
 fantry, in strong froce and tanks
 broke down before our line. Strong I enemy firing between Fere- En Tar
 denois and the Bois Meuniere was fol-
 lowed by infantry attacks only north
 of Cierges, They were repulsed. Quiet reigned on the rest of the
 battle front. In Champagne we have been successful in forefield engage ments south of Mount Fichtel and east I of Suippes Northwest of Perthes in local thrusts we pressed the enemy back out of his front lines and north of Mesnil repulsed partial attacks by the enemy.
 Yesterday we shot down IA enemy lairplanes. Our bombing machines were very active during the night and de- stroyed, among other things, d big
 French ammunition depot north of Chalons.'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-08-03
Earl Shaffer Gets
 New Lease on Life

Montsomery, August 2.-(Special) )-Earl Shaner, under | death sentence in Jeffer- son county for the murder of Arthur Chandler, Yellow convict, at Flat Top mines, was e-anted q new lease on life when the supreme court adjourned re- gently until October. Shaffer was to have died on the gallows at the Birming- ham jail Friday. but the supreme court has yet to review the evidence in the case. an appeal for a rehearing, after the court affirmed the sentence of the lower court, having been filed by Shaf- fers attorneys The case will be re- viewed at the October session of the su- preme court. Until that time Shaffer will remain in the Jefferson county jail
 At the eleventh hour Thursday friends of Shafer sent two telegrams to Gov ernor Henderson asking clemency The governor asked for the records in the case. but took no action. The appeal for rehearing automatically gave Shaffer a new lease on life because the supreme court adjourned before taking up the case.