davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
THE TRANSFORMATION

Prior to 1916 not one carload
shipment of hogs, cattle, corn.
hay or other farm products, ex-
cept cotton, had been made from
Carroll county, Mississippi.
In 1916 q county agent ar
rived.
From September, 1917, to Oc-
tober 1, 1913, Carroll county
shipped G7 cars Of hogs, 11S cars
of cattle, 1856 cars Of corn, so
cars of hay, 20 cars Of peas, %,
cars Of Irish potatoes, 80 cars Of
molasses, 2 cars Of peanuts, 2
cars of sweet potatoes. and ] car
Of sorghum seed--472 cars Of
live stock and farm products
other than cotton.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13

the best tests Of vitality and vlgor.
Susceptibility to such changes shows
lack of robustness of constitution
and a poor circulation Of blood, and
birds that are seriously. affected by
sudden changes Of temperature should
not be retained for breeders or have
a place In the flock which Is expected
to produce winter eggs.
Causes Of Weaknesses.
This Is true If the fault Is with the
poultry keeper. Wrong management
may put the best and most healthful
flock out of condition. Bad ventila-
ton of poultry houses, Improper feed
ing-either underfeeding or overfeed-
ing, and especially the too free use
Of highly concentrated feed to force
growth or egg production--are COM
mon causes which make naturally
sound and healthy fowls unduly sus-
ceptible to ordinary weather changes.
Appropriate size and type and the
vitality that gives and expresses per-
feet health and condition are essen
tials In mating standard poultry for
practical results. Every poultry raiser
who desires a utility flock Of birds
Of uniform appearance should not neg
lect to give any one of these essen
tials his careful consideration. They
are equally essential to the breeder
who desires to produce birds of high
exhibition quality, for with these es.
sentlals as the foundation he can de-
yelop show birds that will be desirable
also for their practical qualities.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
Tractor Production.

An Investigation Of the tractor stu
alton In this country recently was COM
p@eted by the Office of farm equipment
control. United States department Of
agriculture.
Reports were received from every
tractor manufacturers in this country
concerning the number Of tractors
manufactured and their distribution
between January !. 1916. and July I.
1918.
A summary Of these reports is given
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13

and with farmers In his county the
problem of helping the Red Cross and
at the same time helping hog produc-
ton. This was talked in every school
house and In every rural church in the
county. Practically every merchant.
every banker; in fact, most of the busi-
ness men, raised pigs for this ship
ment. OF course, the vast majority
were raised by farmers. Nearly 500
negroes belonged to this club. The
shipment attracted great deal Of Mt
tention not only In Mississippi, but In
the st. Louis market. The bureau Of
markets of the United States depart
ment Of agriculture assisted in calling
the attention of the buyers to these
hogs.
This interesting shipment Is, there
fore, but the elimination of piece OF
constructive work accomplished by the
close cooperation of the farmers OF
Carroll county with good county
agent. 1t has made the farmers OF
Carroll county independent; they have
'llved at home;" they have paid Off
as many mortgages as In seven years
previous; they have made so per cent
fewer chattel mortgages. Elghty-five
per cent used to farm on credit; now
only Is per cent need this help. 1t has
added to the food supply Of the nation
in time of need; 1t has revOlutionized
the farming Of u county; 1t has made
the lot of the average farmer Of Car
roll county infinitely more tolerable
and has brought him degree OF
economic safety impossible under q
one-crop cystem.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
SOIL BACTERIA FOR
LEGUMES IS NEEDED
Provide Essential Organisms by
Pure Culture incubation.
Can Be Accomplished by Spreading
Soil From WelI-EstablIshed Field
Upon New land-Sour Soils
Should Be Given Lime.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
For the most successful growth Of
alfalfa, clover, beans. peas and other
leguminous crops the proper kinds Of
bacteria should be abundant In the
soil. When new legumes ore grown
for the first time in locality the soil
should be inoculated with the proper
bacteria by artificial incubation. In
some regions soils are already sup
piled with the proper soil organisms !;
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13

sary to dig the earth away in order to
attach the pulling cables, or IL root
hook is used considerable time will be
lost In getting each root separately.
II burned stump Is to be removed by
dynamite, several charges will be
necessary. With the unburned stump
q single charge Of explosive Is usually
sufficient to shoot 1t clear of the
ground or to crack It so that 1t can be
removed with puller.
Stump With Sound Top.
It also requires less power to pull a
portion Of stump with a sound top
than a similar portion without such
n top, because of the greater leverage
which can be obtained by hitching at
the top. When the top Of stump is
decayed and the roots are still sound,
1t is as hard to remove as one burned
to the ground.
Tap-rooted stumps that cannot be
burned In the ground may be pulled
entire or shattered with dynamite and
pulled, or else blasted clear Of the
ground by explosives. II blasted, the
dynamite would best be placed In q
hole bored in the tap root. When ar
electric blasting outfit Is used good
work can be done by placing charges
on opposite sides of the tap root and
firing simultaneously.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
FEED GREEN CUT BONE.

Green cut bone can often be
purchased from the butcher.
This material when procured
fresh makes an excellent substi-
tute for beef scrap. 1t should be
purchased in small quantities, as
1t cannot be kept fresh for any
length of time and when spoiled
may cause severe bowel trouble.
1t is best fed in trough not
oftener than every other day, al
lowing about one-half ounce per
bird. Should severe or contlnued
lOoseness of the bowels follow
the feeding of green cut bone 1t
should be discontinued or the
quantity reduced.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13

Farmers should remember that dam
ago to winter wheat Il done By the ~
ternate freezing and taawinG
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
STRIVE FOR MORE CHICKENS
Whether War Continues or Not There
VIII Be Good Demand for Eggs
and Poultry.

Larger poultry yards, better poul-
try house, more poultry feed and more
layers should be planned for NEXT
gear. Whether the war continues or
ends next year there win be de-
mand and good prices for eggs and
poultry. These foods should be
sefysd on farmsrS tables and other
foods saved.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
Pic Club Prepaoanda.

Late in the winter Of 1917 the coun-
~ agent took up with business men
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
WIN SUCCESS WITH UNIFORM FLOCK

Service States Department OF Agricutul
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-12-13
Brief. About birds.

Birds migrating ut night average
longer flights than the day migrants.
The nighthawk performs the longest
migration journey of any land bird.
Its trip Is 1000 miles. from the Yukon
to Argentina.
The files Of the United States de-
partment of agriculture contain more
than 100000 cards concerning tho
distribution and migration Of North
American birds.
The arctic tern holds oil recordssfcr
lenFth OF migration. When the young
are full-grown the entire family leaves
the arctic regions and several m0nths
later is found skirting the edge Of the
antarctic continent
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1918-10-05
THE H~INDENBURG LINE

Gobain and the Notifications around
Laon.
Between Nimy ridge on the north
and la Fere On the south the line
passes west Of Cambrai and NJ. QUEEN
tin so MS to protect those two import
ant industrial and railway centcrs
where are routes for bringing mp sup
plies for the German army.
Some wal correspondents describe
the German line as continuing south
eastward from la Fere TO the Aisne
river and Rheims following the line
of the Chemin Dcs DANES. They call
that part of the line noutheast of la
Fcrc the AlbcriCh line. This would
add about As miles. making n total
length OF more than 100 miles. Gen
orally, however. the H~indenburg line
has been described az running only
from Nimy ridge to la f'ere.
Fearing shat the northern nd Of the
line might be turned the Germans os-
tablished "A switch" line connecting
with the Hindenburg line NJ Queant
and running north about 90 miles u
Drocourt. They called the switch the
Wotan line.
The northern end OF the linden
burg line and the Wotan line both
have been broken more n once 10y
the British armies and both are nov
In possession Of the British armies
Long ago the Germans lost Wins
J ridge n ha 'e failed to retakc ".
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1918-10-05
The Colombo Hall
will be closed tonight by
order of Board of Health.
AUSTRALIA PLANS
TO AID SOLDIERS
WHEN WAR CLOSES

Washington, oct A-rhe broad and
scientific manner In which Australia
is meeting the problem Of repatriating
the men who are fighting IN Europe
OF the liberties Of the commonwealth
was described In official dispatches to-
day to the bureau OF foreign and do
mestic commerce. Much interest was
aroused by the dispatches. as fore
shadowing what the United states
must do when the tide of wounded and
incapacttated men begins to Flow
westward 10 this country.
Two principles were enunciated in
the formulation ~ the Australian sys-
TEN OF repatriation first. h a the
true purpose of repatriation IL 10 sc
cure the establishment Of returned
soldiers in the Industrial life ~ the
community to The fullest extent that
circumstances will permit. and, see
Oud. that. as "A soldier abandoned his
civil calling to serve the state. Il rs
the duty OF the state To- sustain hin.
until an opportunity for such re-es-
tablishmeht is assured
Sustenance. therefore, will be paid
TO men who. after discharge from the
army. are seeking employment or are
being trained IN technical schools The
amounts Will AIRY according to the
number OF dependents, the maximum
payable being three pounds six shill-
ihgs. or approximately $3.50
Centralized authority Is obtained
through the reation OF a ministry ~
repatriation, while dcc~eutrali2cd adj
ministration ~ assured ~ the organi-
cation OF state huarUs a. seven mem
bers each, two Of which will he dis
charged soldiers aud one a rcprcsen.
tative OF organized labor
A feature of the Vo ttional training
which is planned VIII be national
workshops. wherein men whose ia.
luries preclude the possibility Of theit
ever becoming sufficiently counpeutcni
10 earn their living as normal work
men, will be educated tu new tasks
and perhaps employed permanently
The totally and permanently inCHpu-
citated will be provided Tor In hostclH
or. alternately. hoy special grants sup
elementary To their pensions. u they
prefer to remain with their friends.
A rental allowance viii be paid {,
Widows with children ana ineapacitat.
ed men, when such an allowance vii
permit the maintenance OF "a home
widows DESTROYS ~ learning some
useful trade viii be- ..ffordcd the nee
essury training and %sustenance.
Advances Of money VIII he made II
certain cases Tor the establishment al
small businesses. FOR tools ana tui
transit to employment
Australia also Is following the urac.
tice OF the United States after the
civil war of granting land Ia returned
soldiers. Major Blizzard. who tool
part In the historic landing at Call
poll and WIS severely wounded, hai
been allowed 200 acres near EchucH
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1918-10-05

The H"indcnburg line rs not a trench
butsa system Of field Qualifications. In
places II is said to be ten miles deep
consisting not only OF the trench sys-
ten but multiple lines of barbed wire
entanglcmcnts. concrete positions for
artillery. deep dugouts capable Of
housing "A battalion of troops, m
pill-boNes for machine guns and,
In fact. every device the Germans
have been able 10 assemble to block
the way to Germany.
Near Bullocourt was a formidable
underground fertilization known NJ
the Tunnel Trench" which the Ger
mans believed TO be impregnable. This
tunnel connecting the trenches was
more than q mile long and was mined
for It's whole length. lighted with
electricity and had entrances AT short
Intervals. IL was reinforced by con
crete pill boxes and support trenches
The British captured u In November.
1917.
Below Graincourt the British troop
found great catacomhs along the Hin
denburg line. These were deliberately
fitted up US battalion headquarters.
electrically lighted and protected by
concrete trenches, In front of Cam
brai, the villages behind the limo had
beaeath them great chambers which
il would be "A SANDER to call dugouts
They were like hotels, lifted with cleo
tricity. water. sewers. drying rooms
and kitchens. They were shell proof
and bomb proof. The trenches Their,
were built along I'VE banks Of the
Canal Du Nord, VIII IN runs north and
south near Havrir curt.
Important German strongholds pro
tect the southern section Of the line
near La Fere. The forest OF ~. Go
balm presents IN almost insuperabl'
obstacle in attacking this end of TN
line.
Laon. lying within the Big Corner
where the line turns eastward alont
the Chemin dos Danes In regarded IA
the keystone OF the whole German
system. Hundreds Ct German batter
les were installed in the screened raw
ines around the city and the forestl
of -. Gobain.
Southwest OF Laon the town wal
protected 10y Massif OF Meramp teuil
behind whose crest are huge under
ground raVines and shelters, some bii
enough to hold n whole regiment. tn,
forest west OF LAoB was crammed witt
a vast store Of munitions II mate
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1918-10-05

The celebrated Hindenhurg line or
Siegfried line. barring the allies road
10 Berlin, has been compared by the
German lead rs TO the great wall OF
china, Until the British broke II in
h spring of 1917 they believed u I'M
~pregnahie TO assault as was once rhe
chinese wall and regarded II as the
eighth wonder OF the world.
The Hindenburg line as generally
defined is about 60 miles long running
IN a general north and south direction
across the Picardv plains In France.
lts northern extremity was guarded
hy the heavily fortified bastion OF
Nimy ridge n by the mining city OF
Lens whose underground corridors
aud chambers long ave barred the
British. The southern end of the
Hindenburg line. proper. is in the vi
cinity OF Ia Fere OF Laon. That end
IN protected In part by the forest OF 81.
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1918-10-05

fials. Division ui troops could con
Cpntrato In 10 unseen.
Recently tn Gormans discovered
that the big dugouts along the Hin
donhurg line were nothing but death
traps. An order hy the German divi-
sional commando forbade the Ger
man troops to occupy dugouts which
descend more than eight steps under.
ground.
Behind the l~lUdcnburg line the
Germans are credited with three 9th.
or lines of d%pfVufpS.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1918-08-08
People Warned to Buy Coal

In. spite of the warnings of Capt.
I. p. Baker, of the United States Fuel
Administration, and of the State
Council of Defense, the people are
not laying in a supply of Ignite coal
and the mines are working only on
part time when they should now be
pushed to the limit.
The business men and jewellers in
cities and towns should at once begin
this important matter of laying in
coal. Every ton of Ignite replaces
eastern coal which our Government
needs sorely for manufacturing. for
ships and for our allies, part of whose
coal miners are operating rifles on
the Western and Italian fronts.
Every city and town should organ
ize for this purpose, which is just as
important toward the winning of the
war as food saving and war fund
drives. The farmer must haul his coal
when hauling grain, accordingly it is
up to the city dweller to get his coal
now.
Get coal now or be cold later.
DORR H. CARROLL,
Chairman, Fuel Committee,
State Council of Defense.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1918-08-08

year thru carelesSnesS in harvesting.
He attributes this in large measure
to faulty adjustment Of the binders
He says many farmers will not take
the trouble to learn the complicated
adjustments necessary to the proper
working of binder. Then too, there
is waste in shocking. In the early
days before the advent of the self
binder the farmer when shocking car
ried rake and raked up grain which
had fallen from the bundles, and when
threshing time came the ground where
the shock stood was raked for loose
grain stalks. In North Dakota we
have such large fields of grain that
we consider these minor savings be-
meath our notice and figure we can't
afford to do this. But, let US con-
slider, if by doing this we can save
two bushels per acre what this will
mean in the course of days work.
During the threshing Of the grain
he said that many threshermen eth
err from Indifference or ignorance fail
to set their machines properly. In
their haste to get into operation they
do not attend to properly leveling the
Separator-an item of extreme i'm
portance to the satisfactory working
Of the machine. OF late years some
threshers carry canvas to spread be-
meath the feed boards which is al
mighty practical idea. In this way
many thousands Of bushels of grain
have been saved to the farmers of the
state. Now that conservation is in
order threshers shoold see that more
attention is given to the manner in
which the spite pitchers feed the bun
dies into the cylinder They should
insist that they be fed tops first and
fed evenly and steadily. This is
essential and in fact absolutely ne
cessary as no machine will work to
the best advantage without. Careless
ness in this regard is what fattens the
straw stacks In summing up, Mr..
Callahan said that but little attention
is being given to the idea Of saving
by having tight racks. This may be
accounted for in part by the fact that
| the price of good quality lumber is
so high. He says that the laws relat-
| ing to separator and racks being
cleaned up before moving to another
set is in many instances disregarded.
He suggests the appointment Of an
| inspector whose duties it shall be to
make visits of inspection at intervals
during the threshing season and in
this way detect many infractions OF
the laws and rules regulating thresh-
ing that we already have upon the
statute books. Speaking of the care
of threshing machinery, Mr.. Callahan
said that he operated one outfit for a
period of twelve years and the last
years work was as satisfactory as the
first one. He accounts for this by rea-
son of the fact that he always kept
the separator under shelter or cover
of some kind. He says that exposure
to the elements works greater havoc
with machine than actual wear and
tear of regular work. He says that a
good separator man is rare specie
| of mankind. A good one always makes
repairs and overhauls his machine
during times Of enforced idleness, as
during a wet spell, holiday or Sun
4 days. He makes daylight a fetish and
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1918-08-08

if necessary works all night long that
his machine may be in readiness to
start the days work at the break Of
day. Second in Importance is the en-
gineer. Strcter regulations should
surround the qualifications Of engi-
neers. Many Of the accidents, to say
nothing of loss of time, could be
avoided if the engineer understood his
business. The coming thresher mems
convention will undoubtedly take up
many of these matters and the public
awaits the action of this body with
more than usual interest this year
when saving grain will mean good
hard American dollars in their pock-
cts
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1918-08-08
on FOR an Outing

Ira Wight, manager of the Stone
Ordean Wells Co. and Ed Shirley, we'll
known grocer, left by auto Sunday
for an enjoyable trip thru Minnesota.
They took along their camping out
fit and will do some fishing along the
route, stopping wherever the scenery
and prospects look best to them. Their
objective is Duluth where they will
transact business and they will return
in about two weeks.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1918-08-08
Hints ON SAVING
OF GRAIN
Old Thresher Man Tells Readers of
Independent Some Ways in Which
Great Deal of Waste Can
Be Saved.

Anent the tractor situation, T. A..
Callahan, veteran thresherman and
machine salesman, in an interview
with representative Of the Indepen-
dent, said that it is high time the
government or some established au-
thority took hold of the matter and
insisted on economy not only in saw
ing at threshing time but while the
grain is being harvested. He says
that on an average fully two bushels
per acre of prime grain is lost every
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1918-08-08
Sheriff Locates Stock of Home Made
RQor

Sheriff Nedreloe, Deputy Kent Nor
gan and States Attorney Herigstad,
raided the Boone place, which is locat-
ed just east of the Zoo entrance to
Riverside Park, Saturday night. They
found key and fifty bottles of home
brewed beer buried in the basement.
There were evidences Of beer having
been sold about the place. A sample
of the beer has been sent away for
analysis and if it is determined that
the liquor is Of sufficient strength, SER
ious charges will be filed against
Boone. In the meantime, he is out
on $50 cash bond.
The Sentinel=record., 1918-01-30
TREASON TRIAL OF
 HENNIG UNDER WAY
EXPERT TESTIFIED HOW TOR PEDOES WERE MADE USE LESS BY TAMPER RING WITH
 GYsoscoPE.

New York, Jan % Ensign Joseph A. Flynn, who said he had spent seven of the twelve years of his ser vice in the United States navy in the study and operation of torpedoes, de- tailed the part the gyroscope plays in controlling their course when called as witness today in the ease of Paul C. 1T. Hennig. a former subject of Germany on trial for treason in the federal court in Brooklyn.
 This testimony tended 10 show that an infinitismal variance from pre- scribed measurements in any of the "gyro" patrs, such as Hennig is al- leged to have "maliciously and tra itorously mutilated," while a foreman in the plant of F. w. Bliss X com pany would cause the torpedo in which the assembled gyroscope was used to veer far from it's course.
 The "gyro" parts in question which have been presented in evidence were so imperfect Ensign Flynn declared that their defects were apparent to him from a Cursory examination with a common magnifying glass.
 Ordinarily he said these parts are subjected to searching tests with mi croscopes and measuring devices.
 Ensign Flynn will be returned to the witness stand tomorrow for cross examination by Attorney Arthur K. Wing, Hennig's counsel
 Lieutenant Francis L. Shea, super visor of the government inspection room at the Bliss plant, will then be placed on the stand ny District At torney France.