davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-11-14
~ SAMUEL HAMILTON. n d.

This can be avoided r.
stimulating ire kidncys 10 =.
creased action. a15 because O,
lis tonic cHer; OF these o-.a7,
would advise any cre TO 70,
Anuric double strength
which IS - - had rowads,,
and lake i three t.rcs q tay
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
PARAGUAY APPROVES
U. S. WAR PRINCIPLES
No UonTr for Division Of Nations OF
Swo Americas. Declares
President
lRy Nssociated No.. |

ASIINGToN. June cS-Prcsidcnt
Wilson's proposal Of American solid :
arity as expressed recently to the
Mexican editors has mot with prompt
approval in Paraguay. dispatch re-
Ceivcd here to-day by the Par-Amcr-
lean Union said hat Dr. Manuel
Franco. President of Paraguay. had
indorsed Mr.. Wilson's plan in these
words:
Paraguay accepts to tho fullest cx-
tent the principles OF American solid :
arity as enunciatcd by the President of
the United States of America. There is
no room for divisions among tho ma
tons of the two Americas when events
arise that may profoundly alter tho in
ternationai status Of the world.
The security OF the peace as we'll
as the moral and material progress of
the community of nations depends upon
the final triumph of American prin-
ciples which have been given to tho
world by the President OF the United
States"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
AMERICAN COAL MINES
PRODUCE GREAT TONNAGE
Record Shows 1851 900 Tons to
Have Been Brought to Surface
During Past Week.
AN ENCESS or 10000 TONS
Tennessee and Kentucky Lead All
Other Fucl-Producing States, With
. Per Cent Output, While Ohio
and Pennsylvania Show Loss.
IN ENCESS OF 10000 TONS
iRy Associated Press. !


WASHINGTON. June 23.--Amcrica n
mines continued their record produc-
ton OF btuminous coal last week by
turning out l2,57l.OO tons. an increas.
OF 10000 tons over the high mark of
the week before, and l,t31 0O5 tons n
excess OF the output during tie same
week last year.
In announcing these figures 70 day
the Geological Survey sa Id the Increased
OUTPUT during tho week in Central
pennsylvania was ( per cent. Tcnucs-
see and Kentucky per cent, and Ala
bama > per cent. There was a loss of
10 per cent in the Pittsburgh and ram
handle districts. and per cent in OHIO.
Improved supply of coal cars and bet :
ter labor conditions wcrc largely re-
sronsiblc for tho gain in production
in the week ended June s. the first
week when hituminou8 production cx-
ccrdcd i@,o0O.00O tons.
The mines turned out S2.3 per cen;
of their fuil-timc capacity, the greatest
loss still being due TO car shortage
with labor shortage. including strikes
and mine disability, continuing as con
tributinE causes.
Anthracite shipments last week were
1880 cars, an increase OF zoe car
loads or per cent over tho week of
June S.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
CHINESE COMPEL RUSSIAN
GENERAL TO W|THDRAW
Bolatcd Account Of Fighting at
Irkutsk Bctwcccn Czccho-Slays
and Red Guards
CzECHs IN VICTORIOUS BATTLE
Retain Control OF Eastern Section OF
Trans-Sibcrian Railway-Givc TIP
Arms on Intervention OF Allied
COnsulS.
lRy A.sncIatodrL...-1 1

HAHBiN MAECHURIA. June tF.i-
day) .i.-Thc Chinese have compelled
the withdrawal OF the Russian Cen
era! orloh's troops on the pogranit
chnaya front TO Echor. Manchuria. It
Is estimated that the total force OF
the Bolshcv!I<i at Nikolih is between
2.joU ana 5000 Rcd Guards. including
Czech desertcrs and German prisoners
armed with field and machine guns
bclatcd story OF the lighting of
the CzcCho-Slavs and the i!cd Guard
al lrhutsk carly in june has reached
llarbiu. y tra.n!oad OF Czcchs. armed
with rifles and hand Ercnadcs arrived
IN Irkutsk 1t was immcdlatcly sur
rounded by 200 members OF the Red
Guard. who gave the CzcChs fifteen
minutes to surrender. Before the cxpj-
ration OF the time, the train was fred
upon with machine guns from the win
dows ot the station. and ffteen men
were killed and nifty wounded.
The Czcchs then charged with hand
grenades and disarmcd the Bolsheviki j.
capturing six machine guns and 200
rifles. The soviet government sent re-
endorsements Of 500 Red Guards and
more machine guns. and also armorcd
captured. Meanwhile. a body Of Czechs
hearing the firing, came from Noenni.
While crossing tho .inEara Bridge they
were fred on by .Austrians from for
mer prison camp. The Czechs charged
the camp, killing number OF persons
They then searched the barracks and
uncarthcd six waGon-loads OF arms
which had been distributed 10 prisoners
by General Won Taubc. Two days later
tho Czcchs captured tho arsenal and
main battery and were in position
TO issue an unlimited ultimatum 10 the
Sov;cts. demanding complete disarma-
mcnt OF the war prisoners and control
of the railway. but the allied comsuls
at lrkutsk demanded that the Czcchs
return the captured arms TO the Soviet
and give up their own arms to tho
Soviet. which guaranteed them pro-
lection and transportation 10 vIadivos-
tok. y compromise was arranged
through tho consu!s.
Colonel George II. Emerson. former
general manager OF the Great North
crn hallway. says ,hc Trans siberian
Railway from krcsnoiarsk caatward
remains in control OF tho C.echs. bu,
that the stations arc nominally in the
hands ot the Rcd Guards Colonol
Emerson says Tho fighting has hccn
due 10 tho fact that tho Czech soldicrs
IN Russia have been detained by order
OF Leon Trotsky. tho Bolshcvik War
Minister. He says there are IS. .ooo
Czcchs in Russia proper: IS 600 In 81.
h"ria, west or Irkutsk. and $1,000 i'm
the vicinity OF Vladivostok The
Sovic,s have agreed i'm the future not
10 arm prisoners
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
HUT WORKERS HONORED
FOR BRAVERY AT FRONT
Trio NJ Y. VI. &. -. Workers Join
Sfrctchcr Hcnrcrs md Carr,
Wounded From Field.
Thy Associated Press !

rAR1S, June "3.--Scverai Young
Mems Christian Association workers on
the American front northwest OF Toul
have been rccomme nded for citations
for exemplary conduct displayed in tho
recent fight at NivrHy.
Captain Wharton. of Chestnut HILL
Philadelphia: Benton Johnston. OF De-
troit, Mich. and Alfred Stokes OF
Stamford Conn, joined strctchcr bear
crS and carried out wounded men un l.
der fire or stood at the entrance Of
dressing stations under fire giving
wounded soldiers drinks and lighted
cigarettes.
In many cases, the doctors say. the
y. NJ. G. y. worker gave the wounded
men tho necessary stimulus TO save
their lives.
Gas Smelling is so constant and ac-
tive on the front that canteon workers
serve for hours behind counters wear
ing masks. Drivers of Y. VI. {. A.
supply trucks also are compelled to
mask.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
MANY WRECK VICTIMS
NOT YET IDENTIFIED
Total Death Toll in Indiana C-asI
Kcaches SiAty-TNyo, With Many
Bodies CHarred.
INQUEST DUE on MoNDA,
Engineer alonzo X. Sargent Will BE
Important Witness When Coroner
Begins His Inquiry Into Cause or
Smash.
IBy Associated rressl

GARY. IND. June 23.-Sixty-;wo
bodies Of ITascnbeck- Wallace circus
employees. who were killed in the
wreck six miles west OF here on the
Michigan Central Railroad early Sat
urday, lay in morgues here and = ,
hammond. Ind. tonight, while circu.
officers made frantic efforts to compilr
an accurate list OF dead and Injured.
only :wcntyfour OF the bodies ha q
been identified. Most OF the others were
charTed and manGlcd beyond rccoEni-
ton.
Edward NJ. ballard. general manage.
or the circus. tonight issued 4 state
mcnt, saying figures compiled indicated
that probably cighty-iive ncrsous hac
been killed. He said a hasty tabula
ton of scattered employees showed
that sixty arc missing. in addition to
the twcnty-four identiricd dead Most
Of the missing were said tn be razor
backs" many of them negroes. f. $.
Whipplc. railroad trainmastcr. also
has been given up as dead.
Parts OF two bodies cremated in the
furnace Of tangled steel and timbcrs
which was the circus train, were dug
OUT tonight The authorities said
that If tho death list is as Grea, as
bodies probably were reduced to ashes.
An inquest will be held at Hammond
Tomorrow and Gustav klauss. fireman
OF the empty troop train, has been or
dcrcd brought to Hammond 10 tcs =.
tify.
We will have the engineer. tioazo
Is. Sargent, present when We arc ready
for him. was All Deputy Coroncr
Greene of Lake County. would say.
Sargent is being held in kalamazoo
Mich.
New York and Chicago theatrical
mon and officers of the Showmcn's
League sent representatives to-day TO
offer assistance to the injured and rel
atives of the dead.
Mono OF the $4,000 in cash reported
by circus officers as being lost in .he
wrcckaGe was recovered.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
BALLOON BASKET WASHED
ASHORE AT C0MEY ISLAND
Brooklyn Snvy-Inrd Officials Have no
Word OF Missing
Grnfi

NEW YORK, June 23.-Speculation
as to the fate of it's possible occupants
was aroused to-day when the basket
OF a naval observation balloon was
washed ashore at Concy Island. IL con-
tanned no attachments, save its four
one-inch steel supporting cables which
had apparently parted from strain.
There were no means OF determining
how long IL had been immersed.
Officers at the Brooklyn Navy-Yard
said they had no information regard
ing missing basket. Bath Beach
training station officials were equally
at loss TO account for its presence
They hazardcd the view that 1t might
have been blown into the sea from
some naval station further down the
coast.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
tBy Associated Prcss !

An ATLANTIC PORT. juno .y.-
Germany. war weary nmd i'll fed. 8.
in IL state Of unrest y" acute that
talk OF revolt against tho in,pcrili
government Is common nmOur both
ihc miiitnr! and civil popuIatIon.,
according to Americans who arrived
here Tonight on n Nc.wcsinn liner,
after long residence In Germany or
ndincent neutral countries.
Officers md men, the voynrcr.
said, hnd told them Of n sulIcnncxs
which Is widespread in the German
nrmE, predicting that II would reach
tho point where tho troops would
refuse tn fight.
"iou see TINT wenr tho cont or
the 1\nixcr. only wish that YOU
could know the feeling thnt lie.
beneath II, for VIC nrc not going to
stnmd this forever n German MIA
jor told Miss Olga NursbcrE. OF
Grand Rnpids, Mich. according to
her st"r! on coming ashorc. The
conservation, she declared. tnok
place in n hospital at GodcshrrE.
Germany. where the officer tnikcd
freely TO her. not .uSpectinE that
she was mn American. Under the
Snme conditions, she declared.
private soldier said TO her:
.Somc dny VIC nrc all going to
put down our arms. why should
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
AUSTRIAN INVADERS
DEEE,A7ED IN HAL Y.
Germans in State of Unrest and Plan
Revolt; Claim Of Arriving Passengers

we fight: Our officers now. instead
1f leading us. go bchind us with
their guns ut uur backs
MSs WurSbcr;., daughter of I'rcd-
rri"S WnrSbcr-. wealthy Grand
RnptdS merchant who was born in
Ecr:nauy aud naturnIired NmcrI
can citizen, declared that the morale
throuCh"ut Germany tx poor, and
tho people near revolt. With her
family, who returned with her, she
Inns lived siN years in Germany. She
asserted that soldiers I'm the hos
pitais Improve very SLOWLY, so poor
is the food given them
Cnrl T.. OHvnrius. Milwaukee
lawyer. who returned from trip
through Norway, Sweden und Dem
mark. declared TINT food is so scarce
I'm these rpuntric. TINT little can TIC
spared Germany. Reporting conver-
sations will. traveller. from the Teu-
ton empire, he said:
"No ono In Gcrmany <pcnkS Of
victory. They always talk Of f"od.
'rhe wur, In tho minds Of tho civilian
population, has become secondary
10 Efforts to get enough to cnt.''
Leon Rains, of this city. who has
resided the last five years in Dres-
den. declared that Snxony ~ we'll
supplied with food. hut condition.
in berlin aud athcr lnrGc cities arc
"tcrriblc.'
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
PRESIDENTS LATEST ORDER
INCREASES PRICE OF WHEAT
New York Corporation Is Authorized
to Increase Capital to
Si5O,OOO,OO0.
IRy Associatef rrcss.l

WASHINGTON, June 80. = ElanNet
authority to increase the price of wheat
At primary and other markets. with the
approval of Food Administrator Hoo
vcr. above the S2.20 bushcl minimum,
price guaranteed by presidential proc
lamation last February y, is sivcu
the food administration grain corpora
ton in New York by an executive or
der OF the President The order. is
sued under authority of the food con-
tro! law, WAS made public to-day by
Mr.. Hoover.
To carry out tho purposes Of the or
der, the corporation is authorized to
increase its capital stock from s50.coc.-
900 to $50, 900. .o0G in shares OF par
value of slu0 each All the stock will
be owned by the government and viii
he purchased by the food administra-
tion from time to time as the ncccs-
sity arises TO maintain the present
S2.20 price and any increases author
iZed.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
FIRST BATTLE VICTIMS
ARRIVE AT BALTIMORE
Several Gasscd Men Arc Among List.
While Another Is Injured
Aviator.

BALTIMORE, juno 23.-The first de-
tachmont OF rcrshing's Eassed and
wounded men arrived at Fort McHcnry
Hospital to-day. Among tho patients
is an infantryman suffering from mus
tard gas poisoning. lie has not yet
regained tho full power Of his speech
and can only talk in whispers. He is
Sergeant Hubert Hill. from Lufkin.
Tex
Private William Ci. Rowland. OF Los
Angeles, Cal. was also gasscd lie is
Il member OF the Seventh Cavalry. and
was on detached service with the am
munition train horse section At Tout
Private Charles G.. Hopkins, infan-
tryman, OF Madison. Tex. who was
wounded last November at Toul. claims
to be the first American wounded in
action.
One night the Germans radcd the
American trenches. and during the
fighting Hopkins was wounded in the
left arm. lie continued firing until tho
Germans had been beaten back
Sergeant Harry d. Marcel. Of San
Francisco. member of the aviation
corps. is suffering from compound
fracture of the left arm. Marrcll was
up 5000 feet testing out a plane when
the engine became disabled and the
plano fell The machinc Strengthened
out at an altitude of 100 feet. 1t fell
into a haystack, saving Marrclrs life.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
MEDAL FOR ANNA HELD
Noted Actress, whose Relief Work Il,
Pnris Broke Down Her Health,
Is IiOnorcd

NEW YORK, June 23.-Miss Anna.
iield. the actress, whose recent criticaI
illness Is attributed in part to over
eXertion In connection with the relief
work In Paris during the first two
years OF the war. was greatly checred
to-day when Alexandra V. Gcorgev!tch
secretary OF the Serbian legation I'm
the United States. brought TO her he'd
side bronze medal which has been
awarded to ner by the Serbian govern
ment In recognition of her efforts on
behalf of the allies, Miss Held's con-
idition IL improving daily.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
TO CONSIDER WAGES
Case of street Hallway Companies Will
Iic Considered by National War
Labor Board.

WASTIINGTON, June 23.-Whcthcr
street railway companies arc able with
their present revenues To pay increased
wages to their employees is a question
tc be argued here tomorrow before
former President Taft and Frank l..
Walsh. joint chairmcn OF the National
War Labor Board.
After this hearing Chairmcn Taft and
walsh Will hear evidence and argument
on the subject Of the living wage prep
araiory to establishing minimum
wage rate commensurate with the in
crease in the cost OF living neccssi-
ties.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
TO VISIT HAMPTON SOON
Senate Air Craft Investigating COM
mittcc VIII Como to NirsinIn
This Wcck,
fBy Associated Prcss.l

WASHINGTON. June Members
OF tho Senate Aircraft InvcStisa ating
Committee returned here to-day after
visiting aircraft production plants in
New Jersey and Long Island. ScvcraI
members OF the committee said that
while the plants inspected are begin :
ming to reach a stage where produc :
tion soon can begin on quantity basis.
conditions found were not satisfactory.
The committee, of which Senator
Thomas. of Colorado. is chairman, plans
to visit Langley Field. the army avia .
ton station. near Hampton, Va. this
week and to conduct hearings In Wash :
inEtor.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
Fuel Administration
Makes New Coal Rule

WASHINGTON. juno 23.-ConI
dealers md distributors nrc pro-
hlbitcd in II fuel administration or
der today from adding to tho price
of conf they NOW have ON hand. the
freight rntc incrcascs on this COM
modify which become effective
next Tuesday. 'rfr advanced freight
thrills may he Included In tho price
only when dealers actually have
pnid them ar become obligated To
pny.
Large supplies Of coal now held
In tidrwntcr pools and by dealers
throughout the country wrrc moved
under the freight rates no,r In force.
md the administrations order L. de-
siEnrd TO protect the public and the
government from unsrrupuinIiS
dealers.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
FIFTEEN HURT IN TRAIN
Exhaust Vni,c blows Out. Spraying
Gilt-Edgcd ExprrSs Pnsscn-
gers With steam.
tBy Associated Press

NEW LONDON. June 23-Fifteer
persons were injured. twelve more or
less seriously, when an exhaust valve
of passing locomotive blew out and
sprayed steam under heavy pressure
through windows OF the three rear
coaches OF tho :iilt-Edged Eypress. New
York 10 Boston. ut Saybrook Junction.
on tho New York. New Haven and
Hartford Railroad Tonight. None OF
the Injured is believed to be fatally
hurt.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
Pre- M|ER VISITS
GENERAL PERSH|NG
Other Noted War Chiefs Present
at Important Military
Conference.
COOPERATION is DISCUSSED
Troops That Landed Less Than
Week Ago Are In
spccted.
COOPERATION is DISCUSSED
tBy A>soc,a,ed rrcsa- l

PARIS. Juno "3-prcmicr ,.lcmcn.
ccdu passed the day at American
headquarters. He vas accompanied by
Captain Andre Tardieu. the French
high commissioner TO the United States.
and recently appointed head of the new
department for Franco American CO.
operation in tho war They took
luncheon with General Pcrshing and
aftcrward inspected the American
troops.
An importan; military conference
was held during tho afternoon. Among
those present were NJ CIcmcnceau.
Genera! PcrshinE, General F'och. who
came especially for the occasion; Cap
tain Tardieu, Major-ticneral MacAn-
drew and Generals Mordacq and Veg
gand.
Questions concerning Franco Amcri-
can cooperation were discussed. and
the measures to be taken within the
next few months in concert were talked
over. Complete agreement was reached
on all points.
The troops quartored where the in
spcction was held belong to "A division
which landed less than week ago
They were presented TO VI. Clemcnceau
by General PershinG and Ma jor-Gcn-
cral Macindrew. The magnificent
bearing OF the men and their perfect
training strongly impressed the Pre-
micr. who chattcd with them and real
lied for himself their desire to get
into the line early AS possible and
their determination to win.
Premier TELLS PEOPLE
WHAT L. &. Is DOING
General PershinS hurriedly assembled
the officers OF the regiment in the can
tonment when Premier Clcmcnccau ar
rived. The Premier spoke n few words
TO the officers, expressive of the great
confidence of France in the men from
overseas and OF thanks for the aid she
was receiving from America at the de-
cisivc hour OF the struggle for the
liberty of the world.
The Premier then spoke TO the vii
layers who had assembled when the
news OF his presence became known
and mingled with the American SOL
diers who crowded round him. The
Premier explained to the people what
America was doing in order to bring
It's greatest strength TO the aid of the
allies with the maximum OF rapldity
The mayor of the village made brief
speech in reply.
'All right" he said I'VE can wait
as long as is necessary. for we have
confidence
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
MEN AND DOG LAND
Norfolk Naval Omcinln. However, Re-
fuse to Give Out Any Facts
Concerning Them.
nav Associated Prcss. |

IBy Associated Prcss.J
NORFOLK. VA. June 2S.-Twen.y
men and ono dog. all in rather bad
shape. were landed here to-day by AN
incoming vessel.
More than the bare announcement
that they are survivors OF British
steamer could not he secured from
naval authorities at this port. The
statement was made that a full repot t
had been made to the Navy Depart
ment, and that no one here was au-
thorized to give any information.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
FIRE nt.UNING FIERCEIS
WHEN NItRN - NING IN

The Spotlcss Company, a home, farm
and shop supply concern, is corpor-
2,io.. OF which Milton l.. Cone is prcsi-
dent: Anah u. kcSslcr, vice preside
and Grant l.. Ecardslcy. secretary and
treasurer. The stock of the company
mas Iccn estimated between sl5o.0o0
and 100000. George Smith Is prcsi-
dent Of tho Virginia Baking Company:
r. :. Christian. Jr.. is secretary and
treasurer. w. :. Forbes is president OF
the Forbes company ". l.. Boyd is
secretary and treasurer.
The fire started shortly after 10
O'clock. The first alarm was turned
=, lc.c2; five minutes later the general
farm went out. but before the first
company reached the scene. at 1925.
the smoke and flame from tho Virginia
Bakin= Company were licking at the
sky with single tongue
II was not moro than half an hour
til flames burst out the entire roof
a succession OF explosions occurred and
the interior walls went down in a
crash. Apparently the streams Of water
from the fire hose had little effect. The
wind was strong from tho southwest
blowing the great tunnels OF smoke
md fame away from the center of the
clock and out over a vacant lot and
Eleventh street lhlS TACT doubtless
saved the rest OF the block. Bu. in
spite of this material aid the fire
worked with an undertow into the
Spotless Company and into tho Forbes
Company, with the result that the Spot
less Company's plant went into ruins
in n niraculousy short time.
THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE VIEW
SPECTACULAR BLAZE
Ey II o'clock there were severa,
thousand people to witness the flames.
Many folk who had started TO houses
of worship looked back and-not being
turned to pillars OF salt-rushcd to the
scene OF the fire. Literally hundreds
of people stood on the tops of freight
cars on the spur tracks running along
Canal Street. And then after services
concluded in many of the churches, the
crowd continued to grow.
1t seemed at one time that two
freight cars near the Spotless Com
pany would burn. Soldiers brought up
one of the United States Army trucks
and pulled the two cars away. After
the fire was got under control scores
of soldiers and sailors aided the fire.
men in pulling down the walls OF the
Spotless Company. And at each thud.
OF falling brick tho crowd would cheer
the men of the service.
In the same block with the two
Continued on Sixth Pagc.)
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-06-24
DROP BOMBS ON BAPAUME
british Aviators Let Fifteen Tons Fall
on Ammunition Dumps, Docks
md stations.
IBy Associated prcss.l

LONDON, June 23.-Fiftcen tons Of
bombs were dropped by British avia-
tors yesterday on an ammunition DUNN
at Bapaume. OH the Brugcs docks and
on the Armentiercs and Steinwcrk sta.
tions. the War Office announccd to-
night.
The Day was windy and there were
no air combats.