davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
TO BUILD MOTOR
PLANT ON NANTTCOKE

SEAFORD, Del. Feb "A string Of
three large motor plants TO be erected
along the Nanticoke river. in Delaware,
with water transportation to Baltimore,
and direct connection there with West
ern railroads. thus avoiding annoying
tie-up Of material heretofore expert
enced, Is planned for this section. One
plant already is being erected at
Rhodesdale; another is TO be erected at
Woodland and the third at Seaford.
The new plants gre 20 all be under
the management OF a Philadelphia syn
dicate headed by j. L. Brinsneld and
George w. Dolbow With water trans
portation and molding sand plentiful on
land nearby the new plant is expected
TO result in the addition of a number OF
plants along the Naniicoke, which will
make the section equally as important
as some of the Western motor points.
The plant at Solford is TO be started as
soon as the weather, conditions permit
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
C0NGRESSNIEN MUST
PAY OCCUPATION TAX

WASHINGTON Feb. 2.-NIembers of
Congress, although exempted by law
from the so-called occupational tax.
which operates on income Of more
than $4,000 in addition TO the regular
income tax, will have to pay it, never
theless, by a ruling just made by In
ternal Revenue Commissioner poper.
The law exempted officers and en-
ployes OF the Government The internal
revenue commissioner ruled that Con
gressmen are neither
SO much criticism was made at the
exemption Of Congressman that a bill
10 remove It already has passed The
House and now is pending in the
Senate.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
WESLEY OUTING CLUB.

The Wesley outing Club. Of Linden
and jackson streets. wish the presence
OF one hundred young men and women
at the Young Peoples meeting sunday
evening in Wesley NJ. F. Church Mr..
Driscou. former secretary Of the club,
has prepared a very pleasing program
for the evening. having secured from
the Youns Peoples Society Of Trinity
NJ. F. Church very fne musical pro-
gram, under the leadership Of samuel
Gro ssan. other musical selections will
be on the program, including double
quartet from Trinity NJ f. Church and
a quartet from Wesley Church Patri-
otto musis wiz be included The Rev.
Z. W. Wells will speak.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
NEWS GOSSIP ALONG
UPPER STATE LINE

Special TO THE EVENING JOURNAL.
BOOTH CORNER, Pa, Feb. 2.-The
monthly meeting Of the local w C. T.
u. was held at the home Of Mrs. George
Boudwin. at Ogden. Pa. cs
The Ladies' Aid Of Sloan Church on
the Pennsylvania side will he held on
Tuesday afternoon, at the parsonage
The Ladies' Aid OF Chester-Bethel
Will also be held next week.
Ganoga Tribe OF Red Men will soon
display a service flag at the lodge room
in Bethel hall
The weekly meetings Of the Red Cross
are held each Wednesday afternoon at
the home OF Mrs. Leah Booth.
The Rev William s May, pastor of
Sloan Church. who has been with his
son, Arthur, In a hospital at Hartford.
Conn, has returned to his home al the
parsonage. His son has typhoid feyer
There VIII be a number OF movings
in this section during the early spring.
Elmer Handy Will vacate the farm OF
his father, Curtis C. Handy and move
to the farm of Edward Handy, now
tenanted by Mrs Margaret Cloud. Cur
tis C Handy will move from Mrs. Mary
Hanby's farm 20 his own farm vacated
by his son Elmer. Harry r. Smith. who
recently purchased the farm Of his late
father. William Harry Smith, Will move
from James II Trimhle's farm TO his
new home. +. ID. Tauey Will vacate the
farm recently purchased by Mr. Bartell
OF Montchanin, and move 10 ]. II. Trim
ble's farm.
There has been no real suffering in
this section on account OF fuel short
age, but sugar seems to be almost a
thing OF the past
Several OF the employees Of the Texas
oil plant at Claymont who reside in
this section on either side Of the line
have been employed as special guards
men at the plant.
a potato social was held at Chester
Bethel parsonage last Thursday night.
under the management OF Mrs Coch-
ran, wife Of the pastor. the Rev p J.
Cochran.
Only a few weeks until the Rev. VIII
liam :. May. o. Sloan Church, viii
attend the annual Philadelphia Con-
ference and the Rev. r ]. Cochran. Of
Chester-Bethel Church will attend the
Wilminoton Conference.
Joseph MARITIME tax collector OF
- dluA WHO NNiAlFuf ~ Slowly IecoN-
ering from an attack OF illness OF sew
e.sl weeks duration.
Syrial May has been suffering from
a carbunce on his neck.
Thomas Walter Davis has been the
little victim OF an abscess on his
throat.
5. Mark Pierce. who has been very
sick. is somewhat improved
I'm.
ters, are guests Of Mr.. and Mrs. VIII
lam Chandler.
William l.. Zebley and sons, Leonard
and Paulie, spent Sunday with Mr..
and Mrs. William p. Zebey, at Booth
wyn, Pa.
Miss Alice Williams. Of Trainer, Pa,
is visiting Mrs. George Zebley, at Zeb-
leys' Corner.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
PHILA. ORCHESTRA
in CONCERT MONDAY

The program arranged by DR.. Sto-
kowsh for the Philadelphia Orchestra
concert In the Playhouse on Monday
night Is composed OF numbers that
are standard fayorites OF orchestra
goers A Brahms symphony is always
a welcome p Ogr0m number on Mon
day 10 will be Symphony No in d
Madame Samar0f, in private life,
Mrs Stokowski. VIII be heard in the
Saint Sacns Concerto in G Minor for
piano and orchestra.
The prog am closes with the Dam
nation Of Faust" by Berlioz, In th ee
numbers, the Menuet des Toilets" the
'Danse des Sylphes" and the Ma. ch
Hongro'sen
Despite her Russian name, Nine
sams on Ia an American woman, the
daughter OF a former army officer. and
born In Galveston. Tex Her early
education WAS obtained In this cOun-
try, but later she went TO school in
Pa Is Mime SaInaroff comes Of a
mrs cal family. her maternal grand
mother having been favorite con-
&c pianist, but II was without any
intention OF entering on a public ca
recr that during her schools days in
the French capital she applied for
admttance 10 the Paris Conservatoire.
She was highly successful in her
sindles IN the famous Conseryvatoire,
although music was TO be only a
vocation and not her life work. II
was not until much later that she
thought or a public career. and on
January 81. 1903. she made her debut
II Carnegie Hail. New York under the
patton Of Walter Damrosch. She was
.ecclvcd so cordially on this occasion
hat other engagements soon follow
ID. and In q short time she had attain
d an emlnently distinguished place
among contemporary planists. Nine.
semaroff has appeared In all the great
capitals Of Europe. as we'll as In the
music -enlres of this country. and
has played with most OF the leading
orchestras OF the world.
Tho tlokcts 10 be used Monday uisht
- inoss dated February i The Ianu-
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
THIS POLICE CHIEF
ARRESTS HIMSELF

NEWARK. Del, Feb 2-Chief Of Po-
lice Apsley was Obliged yesterday to
swear out a warrant for his own arrest.
He then appeared before Magistrate
Leonard W. Lovett and submitted to
fine Of 81 and costs.
Hauling Of residents up before the
Magistrate on charges Of failing TO clean
their pavements has been under way
for several days. and has caused much
comment. Some Of the most prominent
citizens, including a member of Council
and attorney, were among those ar
rested Ye terday it was learned that
the pavement in front Of lot rented by
Chief Apsley for gardening had not been
cleaned, and the complaint. arrest and
fine followed. the'chief proving game.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

Colonel and Mrs. 2. G. Buckner left
yesterday for Palm Beach. Florida This
Is an annual fshinS trip for Colonel
Buckner. and he expects to surpsss his
fishing record of past years.
Frank /. Connsble viii leave the city
toni~ht 10 ioin Ms Connable a. Miami.
Florids. Mrs Connable has been at
the Florida resort for the past two
weeks After snending some time at
Miami. they will visit other Southern
places before returning to Wilmington.
Miss Christine Johnston, Of Nlanches-
Ter. n. II is visiting her sister. Mrs
g. p N Rumfo~d Miss Johnston will
remain IN the city for several weeks.
Mrs David Lindsay. Jr, entertained at
a small bridge party yesterday after
noon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lewis NJ. Price. OF
Smyrna. have announced the engage
ment OF their dauchter. Miss Katharyn
Price TO Gardner Wise Beckett, OF New
York city Miss Price is one Of the
most popular and charming young
women in northern Kent County. She
has many friends throughout the State.
some of them resident in Wilmington
Mr. Beckett, who formerly resided In
SMYRNA. also is known to many persons
IN this city and down the State
Mrs. Leonard E. Wales and Miss MIL
dred Belts are spending a week in
Atlantic City.
Wilmington artists have received in
vitation cards to the private view Of the
18th exhibition at the Fine Arts
Academy. in Philadelphia. The local
group Of artists will not be represented
IN this years exhibit at the Academy.
Howard B. Smith. Of No 2iO6 Jefrer-
son street, has been III for two weeks.
Mrs. George w. II Smith and daugh-
ter. Sara. visited Philadelphia friends
yesterday.
Mr.. and Mrs. r L. Stone. OF No. 3i3
West Nineteenth street. attended con
cert and ball given by the Treble Clef
Club. OF Philadelphia. in the Bellevue
STAFFORD. Wednesday NIGHT Mr. and
Mrs stone We're the guests OF Mr.. and
Mrs. J. NJ. Jamison. OF Girard College.
The February and June classes, VIII
mineton HIGH School. 1916. will hold a
reunion party az the home OF Mr. and I
Mrs Henry Bush. No Sis West Ninth /
street. on the evening OF February 2i.
The commit ee OF ARRANGEMENTS are:
Miss Helen smith, Miss Mildred Dcnney
and Miss Mildred Lee Carter Henry r. I
Triggs and William Mllllken made plans !
FOR the reunion at a conference last /.
night.
Ms a Mowbray. OF No 1924 Mar
ket street, has returned from Cedar
hurst Long Island. N Y. where she
spent the last two weeks visiting Miss
Madeline Sargent
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
MRS. ELI SHARP DIED
WHILE VISITING MILFORD

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
MILFORD, Del. Feb 2.-The death of
Mrs. Sallie sharp, aged - years. wife
OF former sheriff and former collector
OF ports, Ell S. Sharp, Of Lewes. which
was noted yesterday. occurred at the
home of her daughter. Mrs. Saunders
Truitt, in Milford. where she was on a
visit Funeral services will be held at
2 o'clock Sunday afternoon from the
residence OF Mrs Truitt and burial will
be made here She is survived by the
husband and three children-Mrs.
Saunders Truitt. ". Rodney sharp, OF
Wilmington, and Miss Sallie sharp. who
resided with her parents in Lewes.
Mrs. sharp was widely known and had
4 host OF friends At one time Mr..
sharp was collector Of port at Seaford. [.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
UNpERMRITERs RANoUEr.

The Delaware Underwriters Associ-
alton will give It's annual dinner Thurs
day evening, February Z, at the Hotel
dupont. when about nifty life insurance
companies will be represented. Solo
mon : Huebner Phi. n, professor Of
insurance and commerce at the Whar-
ton school OF Finance and Commerce.
University OF Pennsylvania. author Of
important books Of life insurance. will
be the principal speaker Of the oven-
ing
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
MISS MFnION no M BRIDE.

Miss Helen h Merton, daughter OF
Mr. and Mrs Frank Merton. Of Clay
mont, and Middleton W. Hanson, Of
this city, VIII be married at the home
OF the brides parents, on next Satur-
day evening by the Rev. Mr. Harris
pastor Of Claymont NJ F. Church
The brides attendants VIII be Miss
Eva NJ. Shaffer and Miss Margaret Han
son. Willard 7. White VIII be best
man.
The couple will be at home after
March az their new bungalow at
Claymont
Mr.. Hanson is connected with Worth
Brothers. He is graduate Of The
Wilmington fIigh School, class Of 1918
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
FINED FOR SHORT WEIGHT.

BURLINGTON, \. J., Feb. 2.--MaR's-
trate Smith, on prosecution by the
state attorney general, gave a hearing
yesterday 10 L. A. Weikman, a Palmyra
weight coel it was testified that thero
was sixty-hve pound shortage in g
quorter-ton load.
Weikman entered a plea of non yult
and pad a $50 fine. but declared he
was not in the onlce when the load
was made up, and that the driver had
undertaken to weigh the coal.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
sT. ANDREM,s sERNICEs.

Tho services at St Andrews Church.
corner Shlpley and Eighth streets. the
Rev. Richard W. Trapnell rector, to-
morrow Will be as follows: Holy Com
munion at o'clock; B bic class and
sunday school al 9.i5 o'clock; Holy Com
munion and sermon at II o'clocA; even
ing prayer and sermon at 7.45 o'clock.
The rector vii preach at both services
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
PLUNGEs on RIVER ICE.

Daniel OLeary. aged 40 years, Of No
% Queen street. Philadelphia, employed
at Carney's Point. was admitted to the
Delaware Hospital yesterday afternoon
suffering from an injured shoulder. sus-
tained when he fell from the pier at
Deep Water Point OLeary landed on
the ice in the river Harry q. Pratt,
Of West Chester, Pa. employed at the
dupont plant at Carney's Point. was
also admitted TO the local hospital,
having fractured his left leg.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
TAKE A ACASCARET"
TONIGHT AND SEE!

and stomach sour-Why don't Won get
a iO-cent box Of Cascarets al the n NO
store and feel bully. Take Csscarets
tonight and enjoy the incest gentlest
liver and bowel cleansing You ever ex-
perienced lou'll wake up with a clear
head, clean tongue, lively step. rosv
skin and looking and feeling m
Mothers can give a whole Cascaret 20 q
sick, cross, bilious, feverlsh child anv
tlme-they are harmless-never gripe
or sicken.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
SATISFIED WITH ASSESSMENTS.

No appeals on assessments were
taken TO the New Castle County Board
Of Assessment by taXables Of Black
bird hundred The board yesterday sat
at Blackbird TO hear appeals from that
hundred. To hear appeals from tax
ables Of Appoquinimink hundred, the
board will sit at Townsend on Monday.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

Mary Feret, Of No POO Poplar street
Magistrate Harry r Stradley, No 925
Market street-Barney Kinbaum, No 927
Reed street, and Annie Szymanska, OF
No 3OS Cedar street
Magistrate Harry ellis. Seventh and
Shiplev streets-Fred Kaufman No 3iS
East Sixth street. and Lola NJ. Thomp-
son, No. 323 Poplar street
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
nv BETTY BROWN

oomeWhere betWeen BrOadWay and
Palm Beach spring hat fashions are al
ready set. Millinery diciators have de-
creed that spring hats shall be small
at least the very early spring hats
There are designers who have gone so
far as to say "toques" and they develop
their autocratic pronouncement5 by
actually building the toQues upon the
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

head OF the individual II is quite safe
to predict however that with the grow
ing ardor Of the suns kisses as sum-
mer advances, we shall retreat once
more beneath the wide-spreading brims
of The shade hats.
The three hats shown here arc
Fashion Art de igns. Two Of them
obey the small" dictum-and the third
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
MIR. BISHOP WIN CHARTER co.

Charles B. Bishop has been made sec
retary and treasurer of the Delaware
Charter Company, Of which Robert PEN
ington is president and general counsel,
and Samuel II. Baynard, Jr. vice
president Mr. Bishop was connected
with the Delaware Trust Company for
a number of years.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
SOCIALIST MEETING.

F. W. Whitcside. Of Arden, will be
the speaker at the meeting Of the So
cialist Forum in their hall No. si5
Market street tonight. Questions and
discussions viii follow his address. The
meeting is open to the public
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
PATRI6TIsM AT oLnEr

Sunday services at Olivet Presbvter-
ian Church, Fourth and Broome streets
tho Rev Joel d. Glnnan. pastor viii
begin with the Communion of the
Lords supper, at iOi5 O'Clock. and "a
reception Of new members. At a.
o'clock there will be a patriotic ser
vice, Voices from the Battle F. ont
of France sabbath school meets at
II % o'clock and Y. p $. C.. r. at 6
o'clock.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

very oblgingly fulnns the shade-hat
prediction. The toque at the rlght is a
soft crushy effect in the new japanese
fibre straw called hinoka. That hats
will go to great lengths to attain height
is demonstrated by the towering bow
Of peacock blue moire The second bon
net is reminiscent Of the poke style
which is again in favor. Its generous
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
PROGRESSIVE spInITuALIsT.

Services will be held Sunday evening
at the First Progressive Spiritualist
Church, 906 West street Messages by
Mr. Gillen, noted psychic from Phila-
delphia.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
MOORE's CHAPEL SERVICE.

In MoOre's Chapel Sunday services
will be as follows: II o'clock, preach
ing by the pastor, followed by a love
feast and general class; o'clock,
preaching and communion; o'clock.
special sermon to the young people.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
FINGER N FODDER GUTTER.

Frank Kelly. Of Carrcroft, Del. had
a finger on his left hand ampulated
at the Homeopathic Hospital yester-
day afternoon. The finger was torn
when the hand was caught in a fod-
der cutter.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
MISSIONARY MEETING.

The Woman's Foreign Missionary So
ciety Of 81 Pauls NJ. f. Church, will
meet Monday afternoon at the home Of
Mrs. Carrie Lyman, No. S3i Monroe
street.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
CHANGE ANNIVERSARY nATF

The anniversary Of Wilmington Typo
graphical Union will be held at The
Hotel Nobis, on the evening Of Lincoln's
Birthday February II. The original
date was february %.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
NEWPORT w. c. +. u. TO MEET.

The Newport Womens Christian
Temperance Union Will hold its month
ly meeting in its headquarters on next
Wednesday afternoon.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
BIXBY LOSES CAR.

The police Of Philadelphia. are seek
Ing a $1,000 automobile which was
stolen from Broad and Wood streets.
that city, on Thursday night. The ma
chine was owned by L. Bixby. Of this
city.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
INITARIAN CHRCU

The Rev. Thomas w. lllman Of Phil
adelphia, will preach in the Unitarian
Church, at i0.A5 o'clock tomorrow Miss
Wales will be the soloist, Miss Bach
organist. sunday School will meet at
noon
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
CAPTAIN REYROLD III.

Captain Philip Reyhold clerk in the
office Of Walter G.. Tatnall, state ar
chivc commissioner, is confined TO his
home by illness.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
sInNNELL.APPLETON.

Miss Blanche F. Sidwell Of Hillcrest,
and William II. Appleton, Of Carrcroft,
were married on January 2i. by the
Rev. Joseph Y. Irwin.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
KOROLn.pnEssIN.

Miss Clara b. Kobold. Of No. 933
Lombard street. and Gerhard NJ Poes-
sin. OF No 507 West street. We're MAJ
ried on January IL, by the Rev. Joseph
Y. Irwin
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
RuRI,IIIs- s-AnAMs.

Miss Elva Josephine Burkius and
Lewis Augustus Adams. bob Of this
city. were married January 30. by the
Rev John Connolly.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
Personal Notes of Interest
In the City'S Social World

ary tickets will be good for the extra
concert on March IS which makes good
the omission OF the February concert.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
MARRIAGE LICENSES.
NeM Cnsile CnnntN.

Marriage licenses issued by the clerk
Of the peace and magistrates are as
follows.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02
Spend a Dime! Liven
Your Liver and Bowels
and Feel Fine.

Enjoy life Your system is filled
with an accumulation OF bile and bowel
poison which keeps you bilious, head
schy. dizzy, tongue coated, breath bad
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

Ferdinand A. Meyer. Of Maryland: [:
Homer II. johnson. OF Ohio, and VII
liam X. Prudden, Of Michigan.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

crown is Of nas blue taffeta and the
sharp little brim is done in stripings Of
blue and white straw with an encir-
cling wreathlet Of gray and pink worst
ed blossoms and berries The deiectable
broad brim might very properly he
dubbed an orchard hat for it Is con-
siructed Of apple-green taffeta. and its
brim is bestrewn with the reddest of
red silk braid cherries.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

Miss Christine Johnston, Of Manches-
ter n. H. is visiting her sister. Mrs
g. p NJ Rumfo~d Miss Johnston will
remain IN the city for several weeks.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

Mrs David Lindsay Jr. entertained al
small bridge party yesterday after
noon.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

Colonel and Mrs. E. C. Buckner left
yesterday for Palm Beach. Florida This
Is an annual fshns trip for Colonel
Buckner. and he expects to surpass his
fishing record Of past years.
Evening journal., 1918-02-02

Frank I. C0nnsble viii leave the city
tonirht 10 ioin Ms Connable a. Miami.
Florids. Mrs Connable has been at
the Florida resort for the past two
weeks After snendinS some time at
Miami they will visit other Southern
places before returning 10 Wilmington.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-10
Germany Striking
AT Northern Russia
Through Finland
lBy This Associated prrNl

MOSCOW, April 8.-German assist
xnce to the government forces III I'm
land is part of a plan to gain control
Of Northern Russia and cut the interior
of European Russia off from the Arctic
and the Baltic This is the view OF the
Finnish situation of Oscar Tokol, for
mer Premier OF Finland and commits
sioner for the Finnish rebel govern
ment. NJ. Tokoi has made the follow
ing statement to The Associated Press:
"Gcrmany is rapidly investing Fin
land and plans to take control there,
Just as in the Ukraine, and then move
with tho White Guards upon Russia's s
mort hern ports, thus cutting Russia OF
from the Arctic and the Baltic. Thirty
German warships, transports and sup
ply ships participated in the movement
on Hango on April 3 and about 10000
troops. some cavalry and motor trans
ports were landed.
"The Germans are moving toward
Helsingfors, and the Red Guards are
putting up stubborn resistance with
inferior forces. Abo and Bjorneborg
now are under German control, and
White Guards. under German officers
and supported by German troops, are
moving on Tammerfors. The White
Guards also are moving eastward at
several points further north in order
TO reach the Kola railway in Russia
and cut off Russia's northern outlet"
Recent White Guard actions in
Northern Finland, he said, had embt-
tered the Norwegians and alarmed the
Swedcs, who fear the White Guards
VIII invade their territory.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-10
10000 Armed German
Prisoners Said To Be
MoMlized in Siberia

LYNDON, April Whils the BUS
sian Bnlshawik authorities denv -
says dispatch from Harbtn by wav of
IoiriD to A1hs Daily MAIL there are
$4,000 armed German prisoners mob
ll1zed at Tp1nkk, Siberia, and destined
fnr t.he Fa- F;ayu.
h1u1e1s s MnHrpw CORES pond emf o7,n4 90
The std1tar OF the German newsnanar
''Voakz1dnsde published in PetropTa 4
oy the SoTir-t, as declaring at a meet
ne CT Representatives of Maxfimalists
md commercial and industrial jnter.
ef1s In Pet1DgEad that the time was IN.
proacnung fpr beginning to indemnify
GH1-mHn subjects for the losses in,
cnrred Try them through the war. in ar
cordancs with the Bregt- Litovsk res.a
Iraarv- he government, the speake,
added, estimated the sum AT r 600 onn
900 rnhles. -'D ''"o0'0oos-
me corresponding also reports NJ
hadek, one OF the Bolshevik delerates
10 the recent peace conference. az saw.
ing 1he gUvern1ne1ft was looking for
ward TO the reupening Of the Rnsso-
Ie11nAn frontier and the flow of RnS-
san raw material INTO Germany. and
'hat, IT would soon decree a stnta
monopoly IN order to safeguard Pms
sian trade -
Kazan Province, in Eastern F,n-oo,<,.-n
Russia, has been proclaimed an nd.