davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-15

the parliament in the form Of a COM
prehensive report by special COM
mission. 1t is the sequel to the visit
to India Of the secretary of state for
India and his conferences with the
viceroy and the other officials.
Briefly, If the program is made ef-
fective the old dependency or crown
possession of India vanishes. The
germ of self-governing colony takes
the place of the old order. Partly
representative government Is to be
set up. This will not be as complete
ly self-governing as Canada or Aus
tralia, where the population is
homogeneous and has the Inheritance
Of centuries of free government. In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-15

dia. with 100000. 900 Inhabitants, not
homogeneous and widely separat-
ed by different religions as well as
by caste distinctions. for her own
the status Of Canada or Australia.
But under the program now offered
the principle of self-government Is
distinctly recognised.
This principle heretofore has been
lacking in British rule in India.
The present system Is that OF a
benevolent autocracy. India Is gov
erned by the secretary Of state for
India in London. acting through the
viceroy, who is appointed by the
crown. There Is a viceroy's council,
and in it the, various elements OF the
native population are represented.
But tho principle maintained has
OF dependency. Under the reforms
proposed. the British imperial parlia-
ment remains the supreme authority,
but with many reservations.
The scheme provides for home rule
through local assemblies or leGis-
latures in the different provinces.
Some of these are to be elected and
some are to be nominated by the
higher authorities. 1t has been OBJ
jected that these nominated members
form check on the free action OF
the assemblies, but the objection Is
likely to be overcome in practice.
The executive government of the
ernor. nominated by the central at-
thority, with an executive council con-
sisting of one European and one ma
tive. The European, however, Is to be
an experienced India official and not
some green hand sent out from Lon
don.
Local assemblies having been provided
for the provinces, the plan OF gov
eminent broadens into a central leg
islative assembly Of India. This Is
to be composed of 100 members. two
thirds of whom are to be elected and
This is intended to be the popular
representative body.
~
There is to be q second chamber
known as the council of state, COM
posed Of fifty members. OF these
twenty-one are to be elected and
twenty-nine nominated by the vice.
roy, the viceroy being. Of course. the
representative of British authority in
India.
Some OF the moro ardent India re-
formers object to the vlceroy having the
power to name the majority OF the
council Of state, yet in the circum-
stances this seems necessary. The checks
and balances which are a part Of the
political institutions Of countries that
have parliamentary government are not
thought to be suited to India in its
present stage of political development.
The viceroy, in the power to name the
majority Of the council Of state. is not
apt to nullify the popular will. To make
the new government a success, 1t Will
be essential for him to satisfy the legis-
lators that they are really legislating as
we'll as debating.
The proposed administrative ma
cfiinery Is quite elaborate. It has
been devised with special reference
to the many distinctions, geo.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-15

heavy in relation 70 the weight Of the
projectile. From the fact that the
shot travelled in y path relatively OF
slight curve, its slope Of fall was not
point in its path 1t continued to travel
forward as 1t came down. 1t would
go through stone wall or would so
deep In a dirt embankment or would
reach the farther slope behind q
in a. trench--to break through the
earth and timber with which the
trench might be rooted, and 1t was
difficult to put a shot SD close behind
an embankment AZ to kill the men
To accomplish these things the gun
was modified. The powder pressure
was decreased. the elevation of tho
gun was increased and the angle OF
departure of the shot was 30 increased
Its path 1t fell so steeply that II me
practice were good the shot might
plunge through trench shelter or
fan close behind an embankment or
the makers found that after decreas-
ing the powder pressure per square
inch Of powder chamber they could
also Tighten the gun and improve Its
mobility. They lightened the gun by
making the barrel shorter Then they
concluded that they would not make
the gun lighter. but would enlarge the
bore and increase the size Of the pro-
tectile. thus increasing its efficiency.
This type Of gun was given the spe-
named after the man who developed
the idea OF high-angle gunffre. 1t In
said to be an old German word for
"catapult," which was an ancient en-.
CINE Of war.
The catapult was not what many
think ~ Thu unn1t ND -
ballista were ancient artillery Of the
crossbow type. The ancient engine
which threw big stones on the lever
age principle. and. necessarily, gave 4
first. the scorpion. and. later, the
onager.
The principle OF high -angle fre
and steep slope OF fall was carried
further in the development Of the
mortar. 1t was very short piece OF
form and held down by ropes. A
plunging fire was obtained from these,
80 that she'll could be landed inside q
fort or on the deck OF ship. The
range used to be obtained altogether
day mortars weighing at least four
tons, fitted with an elevating device
and range scale and with recoil ana
recuperator devices. are hauled
around on wheels and then set down
oh pIdtIoTuls WHICH mas also DeeR
hauled around on wheels.
The field gun. for the purpose Of
firing across ridges. getting at troops
on the farther slope of ridges, giving
shrapnel the proper slope OF fall for
effective distribution and keeping the
load light on the horses. has veerei
away from the gun as developed IN
ship and fort guns and in TIE direo
ton OF the howitzer. II las also
been given a high degree OF elevation,
not only that they may be laid on
higher targets. but that the hell maf
fall more nearly pcrnerdio"1ar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-15

PRINCES MAHARAJAH PATIALA
LEFT. MAHARAJAH KAPURTHALA.
NENT SERVICE PLACING THEIR ARMIES
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1918-09-15
midas Sweeping Reforms as a Big War Gain

~ u Il u
graphical. racial and religious, THAI
exist among tho $50. 900. 900 tna
habitants. It IL long step in ads
vance Of the system that now OBJ
tains in everything that relates TO
istration OF their own affairs. Il ups
sets many Of the cherished traditions
OF the British bureaucracy which has
administered India always fairly ana
Justly as concerned the natives among
to the necessity of training them In
tho practice OF self-goverpment.
The outline Of the proposed re.
forms as transmitted from London
says nothing about the authority
that India will exercise In economic
bly,. however, provision has been made
for this point. If otherwise, there IL
serious deficiency in the plan.
The lack of even neutrality-suspicious.
in economic matters has been one
cause Of discomfort with British rule.
in regard to the tariff. but the home
government always assumed that che
would act unwisely, as far as Imperial
interests were concerned. When she
sought to impose tax on cotton
fabrics in order to stimulate domestic
industries, London interposed and in.
sisted on q countervailing internal
revenue tax, which nullifed the pro-
tective tariff duty. This was done at
the instance of the Manchester free"
traders.
The restriction was not removed
until last year, when India came
forward with her loan to the home
government. That government couIo
not In fairness question the means
by which, through protective ene
-H.A ~x,tA nd
for the loan. Some Of the chronic
opponents OF India's economic inde.
pendence did seek to object, but they
were quickly silenced.
In her future status as a sell. 8ov.
erning colony India is likely to insist
denied her until the stress OF war
obtained this concession.
The general plan has not yet been put
into force. It has simply been reported
to parliament with the approval OF tne
India, and this, of course, means the
support Of the government. Already
q chorus Of criticism has been aroused
among the reactiQnary forces IN Britisn
politics. These include the d-school
ultra imperialists. Some Of the news
papers representing these elements coIi-
tent themselves with criticism. others
undertake to ridicule the whole plan.
It is not likely that any shifts IN the
that has been so carefully worked out,
although some of its details may be
modified. British public opinion. while
fully aware of the difficulties. is also
aware of the nature Of the objections
There is also a world public opinion
to be taken Into account. This does not
seek to influence the domestic policies
Of Great Britain, but should the war END
without any concessions having been
made to india the influence Of world
public opinion would be very embarrass-
ing. Most British statesmen recognize
this. and may be counted on to support
the new scheme Of self government for
India. The majority of the British peo-
ple are pretty sure to support 1t a. IN
line with progressive characterization.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
NAVY EAGLES ARE
NOT LITTLE CRAFT
First One Has Been Laun-
Cted and it is 2Ci s,ct
Long.

DETROIT Aug. 3-NJh O.. launch
Ing OF EaslcI, the first OF the fleet OF
submarine destroyors being built by
Henry Ford for the United States
Navy. detailed information concern.
ing the construction, purposes and pos.
sibilitIes Of this newest naval weapon
became public for the first time. The
general belief that the boats were lit
tie more than exaggerated launches.
equipped with light guns, was dispell-
ed when the YES sci, 20i feet long. larg
or than the old type OF United States
destroyers, was dropped into the wa
tiers Of River Rouge by a great mech.
anism operated by hydraulic pressure.
Tabulatcd by dates the story OF the
Eagle is this:
December 20. 1917 Henry Ford OF.
tcred TO build boats for the navy.
December - Discussed plans with
Washington officials.
January 70. 1915 Navy department
awarded Ford company contract for
Eagles.
January Work on design Of
Eagles completed
January 26-First piece for boat was
completed
February Keel for first Eagle
was laid.
February % - Construction Of the
shipbuildinr plant began.
March -ITu1l NJ tho first En o,'o yv,g
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

Cut this out, Red Cross workers,
and treasure II; IL was written by
Miss Gertrude G. Pearson, Of the Ports
mouth, Va. Home Service Section,
and ought 10 be pinned 20 the wall OF
every auxiliary work room and chap
ter Headquarters: "To be glad Of life
because II gives you a chance 10 show
your love OF country; 10 support the
Red Cross and learn all about the
work OF the Home Service Section; 10
be contented with your possession, but
not satisfied with yourself until YOU
have helped relieve a war time heart-
ache: 10 despisc nothing IN the world
hut Indifference. and 10 fear nothing
except extravaganza and waste, 10 be
governed By the dctermin-Ion % as
sist in all war work; % be sympl'hei-
ic toward those made unhappy by the
war. 10 coyct nothing that is your
neighbor's. but his public spirit and
his patriotic zeal; 20 think seldom OF
vour worries, often Of YOUR blessings,
and every day Of the boys over seas
and to spend all the time You can with
body. and with soul iu doing your
part IN the winning Of the WI the
are the little guide post for the Amer
lean on the footpath 10 victory
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

canal. The boats WIN have . draw
OF eight feet when fully equipped and
ready for sea. A steam turbine, gear
ed 20 the propeller shaft on which is
mounted a single threeblade screw Of
rather deep pitch, furnishes the mo-
tive power. Crude oil VIII be used as
fuel The tank capacity r. easily suf-
ficient for a steaming radius equal to
the distance across the Atlantic.
There is not a forging or rolled
beam in the entire ship Everything
is pressed from sheet metal. cold, by
means Of automatic machinery that
cuts every piece % an exact pattern,
then punches the riyet holes and bends
every part 10 its required shape.
After the launching OF the first
Eagle Mr.. Ford said: y am. OF course
delighted at this initial success, but !
knew 10 would be all right. When you
have a task like this. entrusted 20 men
who know their business. il can't 50
wrong. ! left them alone-but watch
ed all Of the time
There's no use making unneccs-
sary fuss over little launching
We've got a lot more back in the shops
nearly ready 20 follow EagieI'
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
nr.at Boxing Exhibition.

All Fairmont men who are fond OF
a good boxing match ought 10 make
an effort to attend the boxing contests
held in the old West Nir1iu.an quar-
ters BY some Of tine boys from the Con
soils offices. Mr. Hamilton from the
fire department. drops in 20 referee,
and though much noise is made his de-
cisions are rarely questioned.
Nine boxes have been made by the
athletes and tops and sides and bot
toms in great numbers have been com.
pleted for assembling. Some fine day
soon a regular procession OF boxes
will be done and crowded shelves al
headquarters will sigh with relief
This boxing exercise is excellent
and the chapter highly recommends it
10 those who have been c1nicmp,aj-
ing golf, tennis or swimming, none OF
which can equal the beneficial ioa.
lures OF these contests as conducted
in the chapters special packing and
shipping department.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
Good Work. KinnmnntI

KingmOnt auxiliary secures four
teen new members according to the
report Of a. d. Brill. the auxiliary
treasurer. The names of the new
members are: Mrs. Farrell Tucker.
Mrs. David Watkins, Miss Olive King,
Miss Teresa Pulice, Miss Rosa Pclle-
grin, Miss Mary Pellegrin, Miss Lena
Helen Durrett. Russell Gerkins. Law
renee COwell, Ferry Teti, David Wat
klns, William King, John Alber.co and
Fred Gerkins. Besides this. Kingmont
turned in to the chapter treasury the
sum Of $6S35. This is great work;
new members always mean so much
o an auxiliary, either in fresh enthu.
siastic people in the work room. or in
terested friends among the men who
wiz stand by their auxiliary when Dc.
maRds are made. Kingmont has been
active in this respect and the auxiliary
there will benefit very much bv such
EFFORT, and the chapter accordingly.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

alleys Of the cities. and By various
substitutes, such as paper and cloth
containers.
Figures supplied by the British For.
eign Office 10 official sources here
attest the great saving effected in the
use OF tin plate In 1913. the biscuit
trade used 1900 tons 81 tin. This
year that trade has had SIS tons and
will get no more. Old tins will be u,il.
lied or the trade will DO without.
Boot polish manufacturers have re-
ceived no new tin whatever. as CON.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
AnpabelIe Auxiliary for July.

Mrs. Z. G. Gartcn, secretary OF the
Annabelle auxiliary, reports the fol-
lowing completed and returned 20
chapter headquarters: Four pairs Of
socks, 2 sweaters. 80 house wives, and
4 suits Of pajamas; besides this S boys
leaving for environments were each
provided with comfort Kit and sweat
er. Workers have slackened slightly
IN attendance, although those report
ing for duty are energetic and enthu-
siastic. Annabelle has always been
one Of our top notch auXiliaries and
the people of Annabelle especially
warm supporters of the work. The
slowing up Of the women is doubles
because Of extra home duties at this
time, and not lack Of interest.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

blunt. The remainder Of the ship g.
built generally in straight lines and
plane surfaces. The bow, hOweyer
tlpers 10 4 knifelil,e edge, seemingly
sharp enough and strong enough liter
ally TO cut a submarine in two.
Except for the high deck house ani
the bridge a little forward amidships
the deck of the Eagle is unbroken
Utility has been the ruling cOnsidera
tion, with low cost production second
in Importance, and with beauty and
comfort only incidentals.
The Eagles are built to pass easily
through the Welland Canal and tn
boats draught and beam are also sma
enough 10 permit Of the boats passin'
through the New York state barge
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
Nothing Goes to
Waste in Britain

WASHINGTON, Aug 9. - Trash
heaps in England VIII -u have given
up thousands of dollars worth Of waste
fats for use in making munitions, now
are being robbed OF their picturesque
adoTment Of tin cans, which likewise
will do their bit toward putting the
German army back whore IL belongs
Necessity for conserving a metal
absolutely Indispensable 10 the con.
duct Of war virtually has eliminated
the use OF new tin from civilian pur-
suits. u.s. place is being taken by sal
vaged Tin, gathered in the dumps and
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

One hundred pounds of sock wool is
on hands at headquarters for distri-
button 20 the knittcrs, this wool IS the
natural urdyCd color aud Of a fine,
soft quality
Let us get il ont as soon as posi-
Bile. The report i0r taa weeks knit
ting returned 10 headquarters shows,
% sweaters G2 pairs of socks. and two
helmets Sixty hanks o.. sweater yarn
and q hanks Of sock yarG were given
cut 90 The workers
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

completed
May 10 Work on the construction
of Eagles was begun in shipbuilding
plant
June 1j-Seyeral boats were assem-
bed.
July II - First completed boat
launched
The Eagles are within thirty feet Of
approYimaliug the length OF the
standard $500 ton wooden ships being
built for the Emergency Fleet Corpora
ton.
Viewed from above deck, the Eagle
is much more like a founder than
mackerel Its midship croGs.aecti)n
bears a strong likeness to the lines o.
a canal barge. Its stern is square and
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
RES 'I''' 'j F5$Sy0,..,rSS
&NGwI and n otoc.+

$500 10 the r C., wishing 20 aid in
this way, because personal work was
not possible.
The golf tournament at the Country
club Melted S5.15 last Saturday which
amount Was brought iu This week.
These Saturday contests grow more
and more interesting 90 those To at
tendance and are a needed relaxation
and a great help 20 the chapter fund.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
catawba Stages Bail Game and pic
Social.

CataWba put on a sort of double
header benefit for its Red Cross aux
Hilary according to the report Of Mrs.
+. L. Malone, auxiliary secretary. The
married men and the single men op-
posed each other in an exciting ball
game; the secretary neglects to state
the score or which side won, as auXil-
larry interest evidently conferred on
the proceeds of the game which
amounted to $23.05. 1t was doubtless
an excellent game, or it would not
have moved the assembled fans TO
such generosity.
The pie social was held in the school
house, and cleared S46.2S for the Red
Cross work OF the auxiliary. The pro
eeeds Of these benefits will be devot-
ed to fitting up a work room as the
auxiliary is newly organized and needs
many things in order to accomplish
the amount Of work it expects to do.
This Is q fine start for Catawba and
the chapter extends congratulations.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
NOXZEMA
The Grea5Clcss. Feel It Heal"
Skin Cream.
Carries Convincing Proof With H.

Carries Convincing Proof With H.
Rev. Dr. FdulcOHor. 1921 81. Paul
street, Baltimore, Nd. says:
"NOyZCma SURPRISES anything !
have ever used for burns and any ir.
ritation Of the flC d " Try NONZcma
today and you will appreciate why so
many people are so loud in It's praise.
Heal your sore. iniamed skin with
this nOn.greasy, nonsoiing antiseptic
cream. Il taxes the frey pain from
the irritated skin almost Instantly
and leaves it cool and balmy.
Noxzema is on sale az Cranes Drug
Store and the H. II Drug Co. in p
and 5Oc Jars. NuXzem1 Chem. Co,
1917 Charles St, Baltimore. Nd.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
CBy Newspaper Enterprise AssnJ =;

10y newspaper enterprise Ass No.
WASHINGTON, d. c.. Aug. Miss
Marguerite Clark who long since won
the heart Of the American public as
actress and moyiestar has chosen
from those millions OF hearts just one
10 keep for all her own. u used TO
belong % First Lieutenant II Palmer.
son williamson, Ordnance depart.
mout. United States Army.
The engagement Of Miss Clark 20
Lieutenant Williams is the culmiua.
ton Of a long friendship, begun when
Lieutcnont Williams was at Lawrence.
vile Academy preparing for Yale The
friend nip was renewed last spring
when Miss Clark toured the south and
west i'm the Liberty Loan campaign,
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03
Some Donations.

Middleton auxiliary brought in 1855
for the chapter fund this week: their
report Of new members, a benefit, and
July work, appeared last week.
One high school young lady donated
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

4lelo q more Satarrh IN tbs section of tht
eo!aul Tran ell other diseases put together. urr
nltp the last few years vas supposed 10 o.
ncofable. For q great many years doctors
rlonc unccd Il local disease aud prescribed ln.aI
loDeoie1, and b. constantly failing o. cure with
oeal treatment, pronounced 70 iacurabie. science
10 proven catarrh q be . cO1stItutilual disease
-. therefore requires constitutional Treatment.
lalp CatarTh Cure. manufactured rs D. J.
cheney Co., Toledo. Ohio is tha only ClrsfItu.
talal cure on The market. n q takrl Internally
q doses from 10 drons O. a tsarpaGBf1l 10 arf.
9lloetly on the blood and mucous surfaces AZ
~ system. They oier one hundred dollars ~
30 case % fails 20 cure. Send Tor Circular nat
lrltlmouial1.
: Aedrs'S: p ,. CHENEY CO.. T5i,do. Ohio.
lold b. Druggists 7Jc
dats HallO Family PnlS Tor constipation.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

pared with 5000 tons annua
the war. Scrap sent back ,
'front.' in France is being WOI
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

Let every member of the executive
committee be present Monday evening
aJ 1890 az headquarters. Regular SEES.
sion will then be held.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1918-08-03

ana reaching New UIlrau> found in
Lieutenant Williams an old friend a
generous bond buyer, and an ardent
WC0cr.
Miss Clark was born i'm Cincinnati
Ohio, and went 20 New York % study
music Her charming voice and p
lite and lovely person soon won her a;
place in musical comedy in which Sd.
starred with De Wolfe Hopper.
Lieutenant Williams and his fiancee
with the soldiers parents. are now f.
Washington. where the engagement
has just been announced. Licutelau.
Williams is assigned to the Ordnance
department. but is expecting 10 be
signed TO overseas service in which
case the wedding will be an event o.
the near future.