davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06

floor for the reason that dampness will
side of the wall especially in winter.
Low Buildings Best.
1t is cheaper to build barns and
stables low because lighter material
may be used in their construction. A
dairy stable should have q low ceiling
to facilitate ventilation. Seven feet
is high enough for a ceiling but eight
feet looks better if the stable is long,
and where there are a good many cows
together there is no objection to an
ponds on the number of cows kept.
The principle of ventilation depends
on the circulation of air. Warm air
is lighter than cold air and it natu-
rally goes up. In order to ventilate
q stable we must get animals enough
in 1t to warm the air. There is little
or no circulation in a cold room. For
the ventilation to work right the tenn
perature in a stable should not 60
below 55 degrees. This plan takes
the air in at the center in front Of
the cows where the cows may breathe
the clean, fresh air from outside be-
fore it becomes contaminated. The
hot breath of the cows goes to the
ceiling, spreads in all directions to the
sides of the roof while it loads up with
impurities, and finally settles to the
floor at the sides of the stable where
it is drawn off by the ventilators and
sent out through the roof. In order
for the ventilating system to work
right the stable must be practically
alright around the sides and ceiling
and the doors must fit well.
There Is light sill six by six bedded
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
Washing Utensils Immediately After
Making Butter.

ed with the lever or other device, care
being taken to press and not to rub
or smear it. After being pressed into
a thin layer 1t Is folded upon itself
into pile and the pressing repeated.
The working Is continued until there
Is thorough and even distribution Of
the salt and desirable grain and body
have been produced.
The working of the butter is very
important step in the making process
and should receive careful attention.
Too much working is common fault
in farm-made butter. Overworked
butter has sticky and salvy body,
dull, greasy appearance, and gummy
grain. 1t feels warm in the mouth,
sticks, and dissolves slowly. Properly
worked butter has waxy body and
bright appearance, and feels cool and
dlssOlves quickly in the mouth. But
ter has proper grain If slab breaks
when bent at an angle Of about As de-
grees and the broken surface has the
appearance of broken steel. In ad-
dition, overworking butter Injuries Its
keeping properties.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
OBJECT OF WASHING BUTTER
Proper Way to Remove ButtermIk 10
When Butter Is in Small GranuIes
Use Pure Water.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
The object of washing butter is to
remove the buttermilk. The only way
that this can be done properly is to
wash the butter when it Is In small
granules so that the largest possible
surface Is exposed to the water. To
try to remove buttermilk by working
1t out of the butter is not effective;
moreover, the excessive working in
jures the grain and body Of the butter
While the last of the buttermilk Is
draining off the wash water should be
prepared. Only pure, clean wash wa
ter should be used, and it should be
twice the quantity of and at about the
same temperature as the buttermilk.
The water should be placed in pail
ture determined with thermometer;
If necessary it should be tempered by
the addition of either warm water or
ice. If the butter granules are too
sgt or too hard the temperature of the
wash may be either a few degrees
warmer or colder than the buttermllk.
Warm water has the same effect upon
the body of the butter as high churning
temperatures, whereas cold water
makes the butter so hard that it can be
worked only with great difficulty, and
If very cold the proper incorporation
of the salt is practically impossible.
After the buttermilk has been drawn
off the cork is replaced and One-half
the wash water is poured into the
churn. The cover of the churn is then
replaced and the churn given about
four rapid revolutions. The wash wa.
ter is drawn off and the washing re-
peated. Two washings are usually suffi.
cient, the second wash water when
drawn off usually being almost perfect
ly clear.
While the wash water is draining off
the worker should be rinsed again with
hot water followed by a thorough rims
ing and cooling with cold water. This
must be done Immediately before u.s.
ing, because II une worker is SUSntly
dry the butter will stick to it. The
lever worker is widely used and gives
satisfactory results, though other types
do just as good work.
The butter, which is still in the gran
ular condition, is removed from the
churn with the ladle and placed in
a convenient receptacle for weighing.
The old-fashioned butter bowl Is con.
venient, and this is the only use that
should be made of it. The butter
having been weighed the quantity of
salt is weighed, and this should be
calculated on the basis of three
foVrths of an ounce for each pound of
butter. The quantity may be varied
to suit personal taste or the require
ments Of the market. The best grade
Of butter salt or table salt should be
used. The butter is placed upon the
worker, spread out about two inches
thick, and the salt, free of Jumps, sift-
ed upon it. The butter is then press
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06

high tight board fence. Sufficient wa
ter may be obtained in most any stu
alton by a powerful windmill. There
are other considerations such as cOnve-
nience to the pasture fields and q
short haul from the fields in which
sOiling crops are grown.
Protection Against Rats.
The excavation for the walls may be
just deep enough to go below frost.
For concrete or cement walls make the
trench just the width necessary to hold
the wall material but after the trench
Is done make a course of three-inch
tile. This answers the double pur-
pose of carrying off surplus water and
preventing rats from undermining the
wall. Rats will dig down at the side
of the wall until they come to an OBJ
struction; they will follow the obstruc-
ton along close to the wall, but never
think of digging outward to get around
1t. The ends of the tile should ter
inmate in the main drain just below
the trap.
After the walls are finished the
grading for the floor comes next in or
der. The profile shows the relative
position of the intake for fresh air,
the floor of the feeding alley, position
Of the cement hangers, inclines Of
the floor in which the cattle stand, the
gutter and the walk behind the cows.
Do,
and cutters incline with the length of
the stable. In order to locate all these
points a good many grade stakes are
necessary. They are set carefully to
measurement and driven down until
the tops come right for the grade. 1t
Is easier to do this work before the
building Is erected.
One point to be remembered is that the
wall should not extend much above the
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
The American Sailors Dollar.

Here is a story of American good
will and its sequel, told to me by Mr.
had paid for a gallery seat at his Liv.
erpool concert last Sunday. The sail
or said to the program seller: 81 want
to buy one of those programs and help
the French Red Cross. But I've only
got one dollar note-the last Of 'em
Could you change it?" The girl gave
him two half crowns for it and he in.
sisted on giving one for the cause
Robey told the story on the Liverpool
Exchange next morning, and sold the
sailors dollar bill for f3l. He is going
to sell it again Sunday.-LOndon Eve
ming News.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06

full bacteria; therefore a stable should
admit the direct rays of the sun to
every stall If possible.
An Eastern model dairy stable COM
bining all good qualities while elm
mating Objectionable features is shown
In the accompanying plans. The sta
BILE may be built at low cost, is
warm in winter, cool in summer, and
sanitary and HYGIENE at all times.
The proper location for dairy sta
BILE is the first consideration. Good
air, good drainage, plenty Of sunlight
and an abundance of water supply
are all essential features. Fresh air
and drainage may be secured by Sc
lecting an elevation; protection from
:ol4 winds by means Of tree belt or
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06

in fresh cement mortar on top of the
walls, two by six studdlng seven feet
long toe-nailed into the sill apd
two by six plate spiked on top of
the studdlng. Building paper is nailed
to the studding both inside and out.
The inside is lined with matched cell
ing without bead. This Is to elm
mate all cracks and joints as far az
possible. There are no cracks and
places for dust to lodge, as all stable
dust is bacteria laden. In like man
ner building paper is tackled to the
ceiling joists and under the paper
light matched ceiling is nailed so that
the whole room is smooth around and
there are no projections or shelves OF
any kind to hold dust.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
PERSONAL IN HIS APPEAL
Irishman Evidently Was on the Best of
Terms With the Deity of the
Mohammedans.

The more things the draft officials
do to baseball here the better it -four
ishes in London, according to Rich
ard Hatteras of that thriving COM
munity, who is now stopping at the
Majestic. Mr.. Hatteras says the
game is getting firm hold on every
nationality in the British capital.
"Why, recently" quoth he, 81 saw
a game in which East Indians were
playing. One of these approached the
plate at a crucial moment and cried
aloud:
"'Allah, give me strength to make
a hit
"He struck out.
"The next man up was an Irish
man. He spat on the plate, made faces
at the pitcher, and yelled:
"'You know me, Al! He made a
home run."-New York Tribune.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
BEST VARIETIES OF APPLES
relied Crop of Many of the
Eastern States.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture)
The Baldwin variety of apples con-
stitutes one-half of the barreled crop
of New England and New York and
One-fourth Of the crop in western
Michigan, regions which are famous
for the large production of apples.
This variety leads in production among
commercial apples, according to a ma
ti0n-wide survey recently completed
by the U. S. department of agriculture.
Ben Davis, Gano and Black Ben
have the widest geographic distribu-
ton. Prominent centers of Ben Davis
production are in the Shenandoah
Cumberland region, including parts Of
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
Only One Cause Left.

COnsumer-My goodness Coal uE
again. What's the cause this time, an
other combine?
Dealer-Oh, no, sir, no combine, !!
assure you.
Railroad blockade?"
mo, Everything is running"
mo striker"
None that I've heard Of"
Excessive demand, perhaps?"
mo, nothing extra"
Failure of supply, possibly"
Haven't heard of any"
"Humph, if coal has gone up again
there must be some cause"
what keeps prices rising now?"
81 really don't know, sir. Guess il
must be just habit, that's ALL
The above was clipped from Park
theater program dated July "a, 1893
This may be the answer to our present
troubles.-New York Weekly.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
No Occasion for Trouble.

John" she said, nudging her hus.
band as they sat in half-filed street
car. II believe that man over there
is trying to flirt with me-
"DO you want me to go over and
punch his head?'
mercy, no! I wouldn't have you
do anything for the world. just
wanted you to know that there's some
body in the world who thinks I'm
worth noticing. News.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
Skin Troubles That Itch

Burn and disfgure quickly soothed
and healed by hot baths with Cuti-
cura Soap and gentle anointings of Gu
ticura Ointment. For free samples,
address, "Cuticura, Dept. X, Boston"
Sold by druggists and by mail. Soap
25. Ointment % and 50.-Adv.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
In SPRAYING or busting.

When spraying or busting tree OF
plant with an insecticide do a thorough
job. See that no spot Is left untouched
in which an insect may hide. Many O.!
the insects propagate very rapidly ant
even one will do lots Of damage.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
Pretty, but Costly.

New York fiancees of soldiers are
wearing sweetheart lockets" - the
most expensive are made of silver and
platinum studded with diamonds CEN
tered with a sapphire service star.
The locllet contains a tiny frame for
Ibis" picture.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
Hauling Apples to the Packing House
From a Commercial Orchard.

From a Commercial Orchard.
Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland and
Pennsylvania; it leads in Missouri,
Illinois. the Ozarks, and the Missouri
river and Mississippi river apple re-
giOns; and it ranks high in production
in the West, particularly in Colorado,
Utah. and Washington. Gano and
Black Ben are grown more extensively
in the West than in the Middle West
and East.
Winesap follows Ben Davis in COM
mercial importance and this is partic-
ularly true in the Yakima and Wen
atchee Valleys in Washington. In the
Piedmont district of Virginia, Winesap
is the leading apple variety and it has
considerable commercial Importance in
the Arkansas and Missouri river val
legs and in parts Of Illinois.
The Jonathan is the leading variety
in Colorado and Idaho, and is impor-
tant in Washington, Oregon, Utah and
New Mexico. It's orchards are wide
spread at the junction Of Iowa, Mis-
souri,, Nebraska, and Kansas. and are
common in Illinois, the OZarks, and
the Ohio river region, and its produc-
ton is increasing in some parts Of
the East.
York Imperial is the leading CONNER
cial apple Of the Shenandoah umber-
land region, a region that ranks next
to New York in the production of bar
relied apples. The normal apple pro-
ducHon of this region is 100000 bar
reIs, of which Yorks are two-fifths.
The Ohio river section and Missouri
also produce considerable quantities
of this variety.
The Northern Spy was regarded as
the third apple variety in order Of
commercial production until recent
years, and now it is probably the sew
enth. The commercial crop comes
mostly from Michigan, New York and
Vermont. Close to Northern Spy Is
Yellow Newtown, or Albermarle Pip
pin. Its leading district Is the Pajaro
Valley, Cal, where 100000 boxes
were produced in 1916 within a radius
of Is miles from jacksonville. Follow
ing California in order of production
IS Oregon, where the Yellow New
town districts are the Hood River and
Rogue River valleys. Washington Is
third in order and Virginia fourth.
Apple varieties that are certainly
increasing in commercial Importance in
the United States are Jonathan, Stay
man, Delicious, Wlnesap, Rome Beau
ty. York Imperial, Duchess, Grimes
Golden, Mcintosh, Wealthy, Transpar-
ent, Black Twig, Williams Early Red,
Arkansas Black, and Yates. A sta
ti0nary production Is held by Baldwin,
Rhode Island Greening, Yellow New
town, Gravenstein, White Winter Pear
main. Northwest Greening, Gano,
Wagner, Maiden Blush, Benoni Bo-
mum, Nero, and Starr.
For one reason and another many
apple varieties are declining In pro-
duction. Among them are widely
known kinds, such as Ben Davis,
Northern Spy, Esopus Spitzenburg.
TOmpkins King, all kinds of Russet,
Hubbardston, Missouri Pippin, Toman
Sweet, Smith Cider, Fameuse or Snow,
Yellow Bellflower, Twenty Ounce,
Rambo, Swaar, Red Canada, Wolf Riv.
er, Fall Plppin, and other commercial
varieties. And to this list would be
added MANY nOncOmmerciaI ones.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
Sure Proof.

as he very much in love with his
bride?" "Well, he eats her war bread
without a complaint"
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06

After a man has paid a woman
few compliments he will be voted
"mean thing" If he suspends payment.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06

Lots of high steppers overstep them
selves.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1918-09-06
DAIRY COWS MUST
Be WELL HOUSED
Sanitary Stable Is Now of the
Utmost Importance.
SUNLIGHT FOR EACH STALL
Design Shows Model Barn That Can
Be Built at Low Cost and
Combines Many Good
Qualities.
BY WILLIAM A. RADFORD.

Mr.. William A. Radford will answer
questions and give advice FREE OF
COST on all subjects pertaining to the
subject of building work on the farm, for
the readers of this paper. On account of
his wide experience as Editor, Author and
Manufacturer, he is, without doubt, the
highest authority on all these subjects.
Address all inquiries to William A. Rad
ford, No. 1927 Prairie avenue, Chicago,
ILL.,, and only inclose three-cent stamp for
reply.
The careful housing Of dairy cows
Is receiving systematic consideration
as never before. Investigations have
been conducted by men who are thor
oughly conversant with the subject
from practical as well as scientific
standpoint.
Government milk inspectors, backed
by public opinion, have established a
thorough system Of inspection. City
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-10-13

REALTY CORPORATION
sTEARNS LUMBER ExPOHi ".
ROx PHOTO SHOP
WAKEFIELD GROCERY CO.
WEST FLORIDA GROCERY co.
WHITE e. WHITE
r e WILLIAMS co.
WIISON-BIGGS co.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-09-04
STEPNEY

The Red Cross auxiliary resumed It's meetings on Wednesday. the meeting was held at the home of Mrs. Edward Beardsley.
 Mrs. Harry Morgan spent Friday as the guest of Mrs. Stanley Northrop in Easton.
 Mrs. William Craft who has been staying at the home of Mr. and Mrs Willard Randall has returned home.
 The Ladies' Aid society of the Meth odist church will hold a supper at the home of Mrs E. NJ. Peck in Huntington on Thursday.
 Frederick Sutherland of Providence R. l.. has been spending a week with his family here.
 Mrs. Ernest Staples, Miss Jean Staples and Georage Rice have return ed to Springfield after spending some time here.
 Mrs. Emily D. Leavenworth enter tained as Labor Day guests Mrs. Rich ard Frederick, Miss Bertha Frederick of Bridgeport; Mrs. Roy Frederick and children of Hartford; Mr. and Mrs. D. N. Clark and Mrs. Elizabeth Drew of Shelton. ... The Willing Workers of the Baptist church will give an entertainment in the church pariors on Tuesday even ing, Sept 10 when g. play entitled "Vera's Vacation will be given. There were about 156 persons gath cred on the village green last week when the Star spangied Banner was sung and rousing war speech was given by Atty. Arthur J. Hull | MT. and Mrs. Charles Nichols of Danbury have returned home after a | few days visit with MT. and Mrs. S. B. Hayes.
 1 Mir. and Mrs. Wallace Brown of Weston have visited Mir. and Mrs. Will liam Craft
 MT, and Mrs. Elisha Staples of New Haven have been guests for a few days of Miss Ella Hayes.
 Mrs. Lydia Crandall has been quite 1 ill at the home of Mrs. Eugene North. r2n.
 Mir and Mrs. Edward Rneeae ot Shelton were recent guests of friend: here.
 MT. George Clingan has spent a few days at his home here
 Miss Gladys Osborne of Silver Beach has been a guest of her grand mother, Mrs. Lemuei Osborne.
 C. E. Osborne has a large patch O choice asters which are greatly ad nnired at present, as they are in full bloom.
 Milton Coburn of Bridgepert has wis ited MT. and Mrs. E. M. Peck.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-09-04
SHOP WHISTLES
 FOR FIRE ALARM

According to an announcement just issued by Fire Chief Daniel E. John son, all big factory whistles and sirens will blow when a fire of sufficient magnitude breaks out and will thus summon the men of the second pla toon to help out. If the fire breaks out in the East End, the factories in that section will give the alrm; if it is in the West End. the same process will be observed. thus giving the gen. eral direction of the fire.
 It was also announced that the off, cial test of the new Robinson pumping engine which arrived in Bridgeport Saturday, will take place the latter part of the week. It was planned to hold the test today, but owing to the fart that the company's representa- tive has to be in New York today it was postponed until his return.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-09-04
vISION THROUGH
 PERISCOPE MUCH
 LESSENED TO EYE

An Irish port. Sept. 4-(Corres- pondence of The Associated Press)- If the popular conception of the peri scope and the manner in which 1t is brought to the surface and lowered, were accurate, chasing submarines would be a much easier task than American destroyer commanders have laid out for them They do not see pipe four or five inches in diameter with lenses at the top swishing through the water or disappearing during the rather slow process of submerging a U-boat-
 Instead they see. if they are forum ate enough a slender pipe not more than one and one-half inches in diam eter shoot up above the surface and disappear within a few seconds. It is the telescopic periscope that may be operated from a depth of several feet All underwater craft now are equip ped with them rather than the old type, through photographs and draw inre has been impressed upon many people.
 ,rna operation of the periscope is controlled to a large extent by a very delicate instrument which denotes to the U-boat commander the condition of the sea at the surface If 1t is comparatively smooth which enhances the danger of detection he need raise the periscope only few inches above the surface. 4 If it is rough he must raise the "eye'' higher but he really is in not as great danger as if the water was calm because 1t is difficult for an observer on another ship to sec the small instrument in a heavy sea.
 The instrument is controlled by water pressure which varies with the height and violence of the waves and shows actual surface conditions on an indicator in the ship.
 In one successful fight with a U boat 1t was estimated that the peri scope was visible less than 10 seconds. It came up very close to a destroyer, doubtless a great deal closer than the submarine commander had reckoned. and when he realized his peril he at- tempted to scurry away But a depth charge was dropped and Ger man submarine power decreased by one boat.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1918-09-04
CONFIRMED
 TESTIMONY
The Kind Bridgeport Read
 CTS Cannot Doubt

Doan's Kidney Pills have stood the test.
 The test of time-the hardest test of all.
 Thousands gratefully testify.
 To quick relief-to lasting results. Bridgeport readers can no longer dooubt the evidence
 It's convincing testimony-twice- told and well confirmed.
 Bridgeport readers should profit by these experiences.
 G. E. Liddlc, 241 Deacon St. Bridge port. gave the following account of h s experience on November II. 1915: q <sd a great deal of heavy lifting some years ago and l think that is what weakened my kidneys and caused backache. Quite often when I was :ifting, sharp pains caught me in the small of my back and I could hardly straighten up. The kidney secretions were highly colored I got Doan's Kidney Pills at Riker & Hegeman Cc.'s Drug Store. and two boxes cured me of the attack"
 Lasting Results
 On December 1, 1916, Nr. Liddle added; "Doan's Kidney Pills have cured me of kidney trouble and the cure has lasted. All that I have said in praise of Doan's still holds good'
 Price COG, at all dealers. Don't simply ask for a kidney remedy-get Doan's Kidney Pills-the same that aIr. Liddle had. Foster -Milburn Co. Nfgrs., Buffalo, \. Y.-Adv.