davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-07-04
REPORT OF SHIP SUNKEN
BY U-B0AT UNCONFIRMED

In view of reports published in the
United States that ship had been
torpedoed by q submarine OH Halifax.
N. s., the Canadian censor today sent
this message to the committee on
public information:
Our naval authorities have no in
formation to warrant the statement
that any ship has been sunk or even
attacked by enemy submarines in the
vicinity Of Halifax or on the routes
leading to that port"
Evening star., 1918-07-04
LACLEDE H0NoRs PERsHMe.
Fourth Of July Celebration Dedi.
Gated to Native Son,

LACLEDE. NO., July 4.-This small
town was bedecked with nags today
for one Of the greatest celebrations
in its history-Independen day and
Pershing day-recalling in the one
event the birth Of the--nation and
the birth here September 13, 1850. Of
the leader Of the American Expedi-
tionary Force.
AZ evidence Of the importance at
tached to tho observance, Gov. Fred
erick d. Gardner and his staff came
here. together with officers from sew
e-al Of the cantonments Of the CEN
Srl west
Evening star., 1918-07-04
SULTAN Of TURKEY
IS REPORTED DEAD
Dispatch From Constanti-
nopIe by Way of Vienna
Reaches Holland.
PASSED AWAY LAST NIGHT

AMSTERDAM, July 4.-Mohammed
v, Sultan Of Turkey, died at o'clock
last night, says a Constantinople dis
patch received here today by way OF
Vienna.
Mohammed V, Sultan of Turkey.
went straight from a prison cell to
the throne. Mohammed Reshad Ef-
fendi. to give him his proper name,
was the younger brother of the for
mer sultan, Abdul Hamid II.
For more than twenty years he was
imprisoned and closely guarded. at
the order of his father, Sultan Abdul
Hamid 1, the imprisonment continu-
ing after the accession Of his older
brother.
Placed Upon the Throne.
When the Young Turk movement
gained sufficient strength in 1908 to
force the abdication of Abdul Hamid
II, Mohammed was chosen to succeed
to the Turkish throne. Selected by
the senate and assembly of the con-
stitutional organization formed by
the Young Turks, he was named as
sultan while a revolutionary army of
$4,000 men, under command of Meh-
met Sheyket, besieged Constantinople
and forced the abdication of his older
brother.
At the time of his investiture with
the sword of Islam, May 10, 1903. Mo-
hammed v was sixty-four years old.
A large proportion of his mature
years had been spent on the inside OF
Evening star., 1918-07-04
FIRST SHIP OVERHEARD.
Lake shipyard Claims Priority in
July Fourth Launchings.

SUPERIOR, Wis, July 4.-The first
Of nearly 100 ships which will be
launched today in American shipyards
in celebration Of the Fourth of July
slid down the ways at 1891 this
morning at q shipyard here. The ves-
sci is steel steamer Of S,400 tons,
and Is named the Lake AuricA
Evening star., 1918-07-04
TODAY
OVERCOME LOSSES
Tonnage Of 400, 900 Exceeds
Total of Americas
U-Boat Losses.
Warship Launchings Today.

Names of the fourteen torpedo
boat destroyers launched today
were announced by the Navy
Department az follows:
Bethlehem Union plant. San
FrancisfeThe sAaKean, Hard
ing, Grfd1Sy. WfIfiAn11. Crane.
Hart. -Ingraham, Burns z.-z-ea--
NsTpoEsAegs ShIPsgi|aipE a sE
port NewSfThe 1tfomass Hafa-
den and Abbot.
William Cramps & Sons ship
yard, Philadelphia-The Up
shur and Elliot.
Bethlehem Fore River plant,
Quincy. Mass.-The Maury.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
French Score Success.
Text Of Statement.

The statement follows:
North Of Montdidier, between Mont
didier and the Disc. and on the right
bank of the Meuse the French ear
ried out several raids, bringing back
prisoners.
Between the Disc and the Aisne
at 7:3O o'clock last night French
troops attacked the German lines
west of Autreches on a front of two
kilometers Gone and one-quarter
miles) and made an advance of about
500 meters. Later in the evening
new attack was made in the same
region between Autreches and Mou-
lin-Sous s-Toutvent, at the moment
when the Germans were preparing a
counter attack. The French made a
further gain of ground. The entire
advance, which extended on a front
of Ave kilometers (3.1 miles), reached
a depth of 1900, meters at certain
points.
THE number of unwounded pris-
oners taken in the course of these
actions is 1905, including eighteen
oficers. One Of our battalions alone
took more than 80 prisoners"
Evening star., 1918-07-04
PERSHING GREETING
TOLLOYD GEORGE


By the Associated Press.
PARIS, July .4.-Gen. Pershing
today sent the following mes
sage to David Lloyd George, the
British premiefs
seThe American Army in France
feels special satisfaction i'm
knowing that yours fs beside 1t
for the anniversary of the Dec
larati0n Of Independence. have
learned with equal pleasure that
the people Of Englasd are unit
ing with our soldiers and sailors
to celebrate the F&nrth with
unusual brilliance-Nniting for
. manifestation Of sympathy
and International cor s0rd which
Will femnin . memt fNble date
I'm the history of 0S' two ma
tlOns.n
Evening star., 1918-07-04
Natal Day of Liberty
Celebrated in England;
Kinq Attends Ball Game

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, July mo country ever
celebrated the national anniversary Of
another country as the people Of Great
britain today are celebrating the
Fourth of July. Not alone in London.
but in cities and villages throughout
the kingdom. in town halls and in
churches, the American anniversary
Is being commemorated.
Announcement from Washington
that America has sent overseas her
first million troops kindled immense
to the celebration. Wherever there
are American soldiers and sailors
they are being entertained with great
hospitality.
night. The theaters and music halls
were decorated with the Stars and
Stripes. Several thousand American
soldiers and sailors on leave were
entertained at various places.
American Flag Displayed.
American flags are out on Official
and business buildings all over Lon
don. For the second time in history
the Stars and Stripes wave above the
great tower of tho parliament build
ings in Westminster alongside the
union jack.
The American nag also Is on the
lord mayors mansion. in the heart of
the city. Many English people are
wearing small American flags on their,
coats.
The formal celebration began with
a fellowship meeting in Central Hall,
across the street from Westminster
Abbey. Five hundred seats there
were allotted to American soldiers
and sailors. The meeting opened with
the band Of the Coldstream Guards
playing 1.-The Star SpAngled Banner"
Viscount Bryce. former ambassador
to the United States, presided and
spoke feelingly of the past and pres
ent relations between the two coun-
tries Winston Spencer Churchill.
minister of munitions. then proposed
"a greeting to the President and peo-
pie of the United States" This was
seconded by N. W. Rowell, president
of the privy council Of Canada.
Maj. George H. Putnam of New York
profound satisfaction that the two
great English-speaking races nnd
themselves for the first time fighting
side by side in the cause of justice
and liberty" The resolution was Sec
onded by Prof. Candy Of Yale Uni
SCESllys
Vice Admiral Sims. commander of
the American naval forces in the war
Zone, and Gen. Biddle of the American
Army then spoke. The meeting con-
cludsd with the singing Of God Save
the King"
All American organisations in Lon
don had representatives at the meet
ing and blocks Of seats were set aside
for wounded British, French, Belgian
and Italian soldiers.
Address by Bryce.
In opening the meeting v1scount
Bryce said:
For many year today was cele-
brated in the United States with hos
tility and defiance. By us in Britain
1t was remembered with sorrow as
marking the severance Of precious
I ties. And now, after one hundred and
| forty-two years. 1t IL being cele-
brated by both peoples With Ake en-
| thusiasm-by the children of those
who revolted against the Bf1tish
Evening star., 1918-07-04
Titles Of Sultan.

Among the sultan's titles, in addi-
tion to that of Sultan -ul- Islam. were
Servant Of the Cities Of Medina. Nee
peror of the Ottomans. Caliph of the
Servant Of the cities of Medina, Nee
ca and Kuds (Jerusalem). Sultan of
the Lands and Seas and Padishah of
Turkey. He was the thirty-flfth SOW
ereign Of Turkey in direct descent of
the house of Osman. founder of the
empire.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
Celebrations This Morning.

The biggest celebration of the morn
ing was the annual joint program of
the Sons Of the Revolution and the
Sons Of the American Revolution at
the foot of the Washington Monu-
mont at 10 o'clock.
Perhaps the earliest event Of the
day in the District was the flag-rais-
tng in front Of Union station at 1880
o'clock this morning under auspices
Of William B. Cushing Camp. No. 80,
Sons Of Veterans.
The Association Of Oldest Inhab-
itants Of the District is observing the
day with . patriotic program on the
Naples. the shady lawn surrounding
South Carolina avenue southeast
Charles W. Darr, four-minute man,
delivered stirring address.
Residents of Petworth began the
day with a parade through their Sec
tion this morning. and this afternoon
Park.
The Brookland Citizens Association
is holding athletic events and q pa
triotic meeting at Fort Bunker Hill,
18th and Otis streets northeast
Other Local Exercises.
Children Of Piney Branch will stage
their annual costume procession this
evening. Park View and Congress
Heights also are conducting community
celebrations.
Hundreds Of Washingtonians Journey
cd to Camp Meade and other military
stations in and around the District early
this morning to spend the day with
loved ones who have gone into the sery-
fee Of their country.
While many families. particularly
those with automobiles. departed early
Il In probable that they will return ~
the city In time for the big feature OF
the day. the pageant.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
Observance of independence
Day General in France
and England.
KING GEORGE THROWS
BALL FOR AMERICANS
Big Day in London and Paris and
Elsewhere-National Holiday
in Latin Republics.

By the Associated Press.
| The one hundredth and forty
second anniversary of the inde-
pendence of America is being
commemorated fttingly today
by the nations associated with
the United States in fighting
autocracy and militarism, as
we'll as by friendly republics in
the western hemisphere.
National Holiday in France.
! France celebrates the day as a ma
tional holiday. Throughout that war
worn country her citizens by themselves
or joined with Americans are paying
honor to America
| In Paris a huge celebration is being
held, with the great men Of France par
ticipating. Tribute is being paid to
Lafayette and De Rochambeau. who
aided in the realization of Independence.
In every village and town patriotic
celebrations are being held. The French
army and the French fleet also are pay
| ing honor.
| Along the ever-increasing sectors held
| by the American troops only necessary
duties are being performed. unless the
Germans become too active. Base ball
and other athletic games are being play
| ed. Everywhere in the American ex-
peditionary force July is receiving
hearty welcome.
American sailors are celebrating. A
| special program Of sports and funmak-
! ing is being carried out at Queenstown
and other naval base ports.
King George Throws Ball.
In England the royal family led the
celebraters. King George and his con-
sort attended an American base ball
game in the suburbs Of London, and the
king threw out the drst ball.
London observed the day, almost ,As q
British holiday. aThe same fs true OF
other cities and towns throughout the
United Kingdom.
At more than forty camps in England
American troops meet in sporting events
A fellowship meeting in Central Hall,
London, marked the formal celebration
| in the British capital.
Special celebrations are being held in
Rome and other Italian cities.
! Cuba and most OF the Latin American
countries observe the Fourth with ex-
ercises Of various kinds. Several Of
these countries have made American
Independence day a national holiday.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
U-Boats Made Impotent.

1.-The submarine" he said. will be a
source of destruction as long as one
skulks in the ocean. but as a possible
effective menace in, determining the
result of this war depth bombs, de-
stroyers, cruisers. other ships and
science unite to insure its utter i'm
pISTnon NJ nanie1s naid warno tr,,r+. =,
the valor of the American Army as
shown in the fighting in France. With
little training they had gone up
against "the best troops Of tho
kaiser" he said. land proven them
selves every bit the equal Of Prussian
veterans"
1--WE glory; in the courage and abil-
ity displayed by all our troops, but I
may be pardoned as head Of the naval
ploits of our marines. who at Chateau
Thierry and other points have upheld
the best traditions Of the corps"
Evening star., 1918-07-04
' Nature of Middle Soviet.

When the state offices are filled this
middle soviet constitutes itself into a
state legislature. 1t enjoys legislative
rights, it controls through an appro-
priation budget the expenditures Of
the state. 1t has the right Of veto on
any acts Of any member of the state
administration
II the soviet does not like the meth
DDS OF the governor or any of the
state officials majority vote of / in
the Soviet secures the offending gov
missal.
Besides acting as the state Ieeisla.
ture and the source which appoints
the state administration, the middle
soviet is the electoral body for the
great Russian national assembly
known as the "Al-Russian conrress
of soviets." The delegates to the nas
tional assembly are apportioned on
the basis of population, according to
the last official Russian census One
delegate is allowed for every 5000
population. ~''
When three-quarters of the state
delegates to the national consress
are assembled at the meeting Mace
to order. e's
When the congress is ready to take
up national affairs it calls before it
one after another all of the members
Of the government-thati is. the cabis
net-"the council of peoples commits
sars'-and demands from them a full
report of conditions in their re-
spectiye departments. It checks up
and often revises the acts of the pre-
ceding congress. Fffty-one' per cent
OF the total number of delegates con-
stitutes quorum. BY a majority
vote 1t can dismiss any one or all Of
the members of the council of peo-
ple's commissars." It has powers of
referendum on all of the acts Of the
preceding congress and on all of the
actions of the preceding cabinet since
the dispersal of the previous con-
gress.
Evening star., 1918-07-04

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, July 4.-The United
States is launching today a greater
tonnage in ships than she has lost
during the whole progress OF the
today in an address at the Fourth of
July celebration Of the Tammany So
ciety. More than 100000 deadweight
tons, he said. are going into the water
from American shipyards as a part
Of the Independence day celebration,
while the total American tonnage de-
stroyed by submarines is estimated at
352.223 tons. including 67,S15 tons
sunk before the United States entered
the war. -.
I'VE are launching today" Mr.. DAN
iels continued. more than the Ger
mans sank Of the ships Of all nations
in the last month for which we have
official figures. The recent enemy
submarine activities of our coast re-
suited in the loss of 25,411 gross tons
of American shipping. During this
same time 10000 deadweight tons of
shipping were built.
Launching IA Destroyers.
To-day one Of the impressive Fourth
of July celebrations will be the
launching of fourteen new destroyers,
and scores more will be launched and
commissioned before the end of the
summer, with an increasing number
thereafter until these best foes of
the submarine, in cooperation with
craft of the allied nations, will free
the world forever Of the assassins of
the seas, for German U-boats are be-
ing sunk faster than Germany can
build them"
N, Daniels said that against the
tdeH American ship loss was to be
placed a construction Of 2.722,563 tons
since the European war began, 1885,
864 of which had been built since the
United States entered the war. There
was, in addition, he added, 650,0OO
tons of German shipping taken over,
and now a single days contribution
Of 100000 additional tons launched.
He noted the Joy with which German
and Austrian papers hailed the ap-
pearance of submarines on the Amer
lean coast.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
Author Of Reforms.

Islam.
Author Of Reforms.
Since his succession, and under the
dominant influence of the Young Turks
leaders, many. changes were brought
about in Turkey. although. since the
Turco-Balkan war, the power and in
fluence Of the revolutionary element,
known as the Young Turks was
somewhat curtailed. However. among
these changes may be enumerated the
seemingly firm establishment in Tur-
key of modified form of representa-
tive national assembly, consisting of
an upper and lower house: a re-
stricted form of franchise. vastly
greater freedom of education, fnclud-
ing educational advantages for wom-
en-, a thing unheard of under former
sultans: additional privileges to for
eigners, etc.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
Rearranges Government,

The all-Russian congress of soviets
continues in session for about ten
days. during which it rearranges the
national government according to the
will Of the majority Of its delegates.
Prior to its dispersal the congress Sc
lects about one-flfth Of its own mem
bership to remain behind and or
ganize what is known as the central
executive committee Of the all-Rus-
sian congress of soviets." The ma
Continued on Fifth Page.)
Evening star., 1918-07-04
British Capture Hamel, Push
ing Ahead Distance of
One Mile.
FRENCH ALSO STRIKE
ON THREE-MILE FRONT
Make Deep Gains Between Au-
treches and Moulin-Sous-Tout-
vent, Capturing 1,0es Prisoners.
By the Associated Press.
WITH THE BRITISH
ARMY IN FRANCE,

By the Associated Press.
WITH THE BRITISH
ARMY IN FRANCE,
July 4.-Australian troops
attacked the German lines
northeast of Villers-Bre-
tonneux, on the Somme
front, this morning and be
sides taking Hamel village
are said to have battled
their way forward beyond
Hamel and the Vaire
woods, between Hamel and
Villers-Bretonneux.
LONDON, July 4.-British
troops this morning delivered
an attack in the region east OF
capturing the village OF
Hamel, northeast of Villers-
Bretonneux, and advancing their
line in this region to depth OF
more than a mile. The official
statement says:
Text Of Report.
"This morning we carried out sue
cessful operation between Villers'
Brettonneux and Somme and the vii.
lage of Hamel has been captured and
our line has been advanced to ar
average depth of 1000 yards.
''The hostile artillery has been ac.
tive in the Robecq and st. Jams Cap
pei sectors.'
French Score Success.
PARIS, idly 4.-French troops las
night attacked the German lines OF
a front Of a mile and a quarter in tn,
nefghborhood of Autreches. northwes
Of Soissons. and pushed into thu
enemy territory for distance o.
nearly half mile, according to to.
days war Office announcement.
Later the French delivered another
Autreches and Moulin Sous T outvent
giving them further gains of terri
tory. The entire operation netted
the French gain of ground on a
front of more than three miles to a
maximum depth of approximately
three -fifths of a mile. The French
took 1,066 prisoners.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
SOVIET'S BASIC POWER
LIES IN UNDERSTANDING
Russian Masses Knew of This Method of
Government, Nothing of Kerensky's.
Bolsheviki Not Nice People.

mir as a base, thus starting with a
sure foundation because the Russian
peasant and workman knew all about
the village mir and would readily un-
derstand its extension into national
form of government. The first group
1abored under the disadvantage of
having to explain it's desired form of
democracy to a suspicious, ignorant,
Fsuperstitious mass of 170, 100000 peo-
pie. The sovietists were not required
to explain anything. The government
realizes that it's system is new and
crude and reserves the right to corr
rect mistakes from time to time. --s
+ Village Mrs Assemble. ~. :
On the date set for national elections
the village Mrs throughout the land
assemble. They elect what is known
as "kommittat," there being as many
members of the kommittat as there are
hundreds Of people in the village. In
the case of cities, ward organizations
and elections are identically the same
as those of villages. This kommittat
once elected, constitutes itself as the
government of the village. But in
addition to its functions as the gov
ernment of the village, the kommit-
tat Is the electoral body for the low
est form of soviet, which corresponds
to our county council. The kommit-
tats hold meetings and choose 20 per
cent of their number to go to the
county seat to form the county gov
ernment, or the soviet, as it is called
in Russia.
When all the representatives of the
various kommittats in the county
Russia is divided into states, counties.
cities and villages much like America
is into states. counties and townships
ASSEMBLIES at the county seat, they
choose. Forty per cent of their mem
bers proceed to the state capital as
it's representatives in the state legis-
lature. When all of the delegates
from the county councils and the city
municipalities assemble at the state
capital, they form themselves into
what is known as the middle form Of
soviet. Under the presidency pro
tempore Of the oldest member. man
or woman. the interior organization
of the middle soviet is formed. When
this organization is complete. the
president. vice president and various
other officials and committees Of the
legislature chosen, the, middle soviet
appoints a governor for the state, a
tax collector. state controller and
other necessary state officials.
The new form Of Russian state gov
ernment is not essentially different
from that of our own.
Evening star., 1918-07-04

The allied pageant, "Democ-
racy Triumphant" to be staged
On the Monument grounds, the
Mall and at the Capitol this
evening, will make. Washing
tons observance of Independ-
ence day an international event.
Although the usual community
celebrations are being held
throughout the city, nearly
every one is waiting for the cur
tain to rise at S o'clock on what
is expected to be the most bril-
liant spectacle arranged any
where in the United States.
The pageant will have more
than a local significance, for
shehrshtufnen ,iH1se @corhe'
from various parts of the coun-
try and even from foreign lands
to make the demonstration truly
an allied pageant.
Foreign-Born to Celebrate.
There 10 still another Significance
to the pageant. President Wilson
called upon every community in the
country to invite the foreign-born to
celebrate this Fourth of July in uni
son with Americans. In its pageant
Washington will answer this appeal
by uniting natives Of all the allied
countries, and even men from the re-
voting provinces Of Austria Hungary,
into one big demonstration of their
faith and hope in the doctrine Of de-
mooracy.
Hundreds Of washingtonians went
to Mount Vernon early this afternoon
to hear President Wilson speak at the
tomb Of tho Father of His Country at
{ o'clock. This throng will be able to
get back to the city in time for most
Of the pageant.
Evening star., 1918-07-04

The counter attack developed after
the Germans had heavily bombardsd
Vaux and Bois de la Roche. When the
German infantry leaped from fts
trenches the troops came over in close
formation. In some cases whole COM
panies were allowed to approach close
to the American line, then the Amsrs-
can machine gunners. from their hid
den nests. let loose a perfect hail OF
bullets, moving down the enemy
ranks and piling the dead all over the
ground where the Germans were try.
ing to advance
Evening star., 1918-07-04
WEATHER.

Fair tonight tomorrow partly
cloudys little change in temperature.
Temperature for twenty-four hours
ending noon today; Highest, SO, at
4:3o pm. yesterday; lowest, So, at
am. today.
Full report on page Is.
Evening star., 1918-07-04
Americans RepuIse Enemy in
Chateau Thierry
Region.
FIGHTING is FIERCE;
FOE LOSSES HEAVY
U. s. Fiers Keep Up Brilliant
Work, Downing Nine Ger -
man Aviators.

By the Associated Press,
WITH THE AMERICAN
ARMY IN FRANCE, July 3d.
A heavy German counter attack
against the American positions
at Vaux, launched at | o'clock
his morning, was repulsed, the
enemy losing very heavily. Not
a foot of the ground won by the
Americans in their attack on
Monday night was lost.