davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-08-11
POLITICS AT HOME
-Four States.

There are four states whose election
returns this year will be examined
with particular interest. They arr
New Hampshire, Ohio, Kansas and Cal
ifornia.
The reason is that two years age
they amazed the country by goine
democratic. They gave their electoral
votes to Wilson, although the repub
licans had entertained their usual and
we'll authorized hopes, and had can
vassed them, as they thought, thor
oughly.
In New Hampshire less than a hun
dred votes decided the matter. The
number was very small, but it served
The Granite state looked odd in the
democratic column, hut there she was
and. as her sobriquet testified, she
helped make Mr.. Wilson "solid" in his
second appeal to the country.
Ohio furnished a great surprise
"The later mother Of Presidents"-
Virginia was the frst-and all her con
tributions republican-Grant, Hayes
Garfield, Harrison, Mckinley and Taft
she rejected the republican candi
date in 1916, and gave his democratic
opponent some ninety thousand the
best of the poll. The country wonder.
ed for weeks, and still does not under
stand.
Kansas was poser. She gave the
republican candidate for governor an
enormous majority, but gave Wilson
over Hughes a majority Of nearly
forty thousand. And yet the repub'
licans had worked hard, and Mr.. Roose.
welt had made a special appeal to his
hull moose friends to follow his ex'
ample and support the republican ma
tional ticket.
And California proved another poser
although republican factionism had
for some time been threatening. Still
when the republicans carried through
their state ticket by u record breaking
and record-makng majority, and vel
lost the state to the democratic ma
tional ticket by nearly four thousand
majority, the result insuring Mr.. Will
sons re. election, more republican crit
icism was heard than in either Of the
three other cases. Neither New Hamp,
shire, Ohio, nor Kansas. nor all three
together, produced quite the sensation
that the Golden state did.
The question now is, have these old
republican strongholds put their fac.
tionism aside and returned to the old
orderi Much work has been done
with that object in view, and the first
test of its efficacy will come in the
congressional elections of November.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
Punish Germany for Vandalism

German troops were ordered to de-
stroy everything within reach in the
course of their retreat from the
Marne. They obeyed orders with a
typical German thoroughness. Cha
teaus were blasted with explosives,
trees were cut, small dwellings were
smashed, the farming implements Of
the peasants were broken, machinery
was wrecked, wells were fouled. Every
thing possible was ruined beyond the
chance of future use.
The purpose of this destruction was
not military. It was an expression Of
German hatred such as has been man
ifested in other zones of battle here
tofore in the war. It in no wise or
degree checked the pursuit, in no re-
spect hampered the allies. It did not
lessen the dangers to the fleeing Ger.
man forces. It was vandalism Of the
meanest kind.
Orders have been given, it is re-
ported, for the formation Of an army
Of defense for tho holding of the
Rhire against the allies when they
reach German soil in the advance
which apparently Germany itself now
expects. These are to be picked
troops, Of dependable loyalty and
quality.
Thus the prospect is that in the
rss1ss ef months-posxibly, IL the Ger.
, ran armies in the west get to moving
Evening star., 1918-08-11

Sugar records now being kept in
grocery stores are causing some per-
turbation on the part of grocerymen.
Since the food administration linz
tied the amount of sugar a family
can use per month. the grocers have
had to keep track Of the amount sold
to each customer.
For this purpose they use . sort Of
book, or ledger. in which the GUS
TONER'S name and address, and other
information pertaining thereto. are
Since most of the purchasers are
women. it can be imagined that the
grocers' task, sometimes, is not SO
easy, but the women, realizing that
the information must be given. have
gracefully accorded it
Nor is that all.
Grocers do tell that they get more
Information than they have any need
for. Here's how it is:
They insist on telling me all about
little Johnny, and what little Susie
we started this here sugar record. we
know the complete family history of
all our customers"
Now what do you know about that?
All Is 1&1f In love ana Wef-And hot
weather.
It you don't believe it. ask the ice
man.
What icemen went through with in
Washington last week only icemen
know. 1t is pretty hard to extend any
sympathy to the iceman, when he al
lows one to go all day on the hottest
day Of the year without an ounce Of
ice. but still humane people can ap-
preciate the iceman's position
The iceman is the target of house
wives all along the route. II he gives
them 10 cents worth Of ice. they want
to know why he won't give them 25
cents worth Of the CONCEALED neces-
sity. And IL his ice runs out and no
more is to be had-woe. upon htmt
It was the hottest day of the year.
For two days running q certain
man-we will call him Mr.. Jones
had gone without ice in his apart
ment. Appeal to rival icemen
brought forth snippy answers aplenty.
but no ice.
AS for going out into the street and
beseeching icemen to let him have
some frozen water. Mr.. Jones was
above that. "I'll die of thirst before
I'll do that" he said. And. what's
more, he meant 1t, and stuck to 1t.
But he got ice.
It was about o'clock that evening.
Heat waves chased each other hither
and yon. Not an ice wagon was to be
seen on the horixon. Suddenly Q
Evening star., 1918-08-11

precht Of Bavaria. Berlin apparently
found it necessary to save the face Of
the imperial heir, but no such obliga.
tion is imposed upon the high com.
Inand in respect to the heir Of one OF
the subordinate kingdoms of the EN-.
pirc. OF course, it makes no differ.
ence to the allies whether Frederick
Williams "retrograde movement" il
hy Berlin styled a strategic change Of
position, while Rupprecht's reverse is
sailed a retreat. It is all one to the
people. of England, France, Italy and
the United States, who are playing no
favogites in their war work.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

From the New York Times.
The country will not tolerate delay
In the passage Of the bill introduced
in Congress to extend the selective
service act to men between the ages
Of eighteen and forty-five.
From the New York Sun.
Such opposition as has been mani
tested heretofore in Congress to low
erine the minimum to eighteen years
has been based on reasons OF politics
or Of sentiment.
From the Charleston News and Courier.
Before the thought Of such tre-
mendous thing as this new draft pro-
gram mediocre leadership would have
recoiled, doubtful Of the feasibility
Of the proposal. doubtful Of the ma
tion's will and ability sto see 1t
through.
From the Pittsburgh Dispatch.
The extension Of the draft limits
to enlarge class to avoid, so far as
possible. calling upon men with de-
pendents. is regarded as assuring pro-
vision for some form of universal
military training hereafter.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
The Enemy on the Run.

"When you get the enemy going.
keep him going Gen. March says
that this is the principle on which
Marshal Foch is now acting in main-
tanning the initiative in France. The
Germans are undoubtedly on the move.
They are going back. With sufficient
reserve to enable him to choose his
ground of operation, and with the in
itiatlve in his possession, Gen. Foch
can now prevent the enemy from set.
tling down and recuperating. Warfare
OF movement having succeeded to
warfare Of position, the allies will set
the pace for the movement.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
HEARD And SEEN.

, rumble was heard up the street.
Nearer and nearer it came.
1t was an ice wagon-an emergency
| wagon.
| Juggling a great chunk OF ice:
Gee. IL can only get that, signed
Mr.. Jones.
The boy came past.
Boy" called Mr.. Jones, I'll give
you a dollar for that cake OF ear zee ssn
body up here" said the boy. looking
..'Who is it for?" asked Jones. a
gleam of hope appearing.
Wen. now. I've forgos e1ac.iy VINO
Man by the name Of Jones, wasn't
it," asked Jones.
.It might have been Jones'" said the
| boy. hesitating.
"Then you've got the right ice
chest" cried the triumphant Jones.
Bring it right in here"
And he ushered the boy and the big
cake of ice into the kitchen, hurried
the cake into the icebox and the boy
out the door. with a handful OF
change.
And that was how MI. and Mrs
| Jones came to have iced tea that
evening. after all.
Airplanes are the latest fascination
OF washington's children.
Toys that stick close to the earth.
base balls and bats. roller skates and
other implements Of amusement. have
larkely lost their fascination for the
young people of the city.
Since the planes have been buxzing
over the city, day after day, the eyes
and thoughts of the young boys and
girls have been turned on high. where
float, more graceful than the very
birds, the modern maryels.
Especially have the little children
taken interest in the planes. At nrst
thought 1t might seem that little
boys three years old. scarcely old
enough to comprehend anything. one
would think, would not be able to
see the airplanes, even, and, least OF
all. comprehend.
But it is these little ones who make
the keenest airplane observers.
Two little fellows up nay way, who
lay claim to nearly six years between
them. are the best airship spoilers in
the neighborhood. Playing in their
backyards. 1t is they. not the older
children, who are first to hear the
far-off. steady beat of the airplane
engine.
"Airplaner they will cry.
And, sure enough, after awhile all
will hear. and soon see the overhead
wonder. as it dies along. vying in
grace with all the birds. and taking
the lead when il comes to speed
CHARLES e. TRACEwELLA
Evening star., 1918-08-11
Is Rupprecht to Be the Goat

Is Rupprecht to Be the Goats
A dispatch from Paris notes the diff
ference between the German official
reports. respecting the recent battle Of
the Marine salient and the fighting in
Picardy which is still in progress. The
communiques from Berlin, it is pointed
out, were carefully phrased to. conceal
the fact chat the German forces who
occupied the area below Rheims had
been. beaten and were in retreat, while
the communiques now being issued on
the Picardy fight frankly admit with
drawals. This difference is sIsttributed to
the fact that the armies beaten at the
Marne were commanded by the Crown
Prince Of Germany, while those that
are being driven backward in Picardy
are commanded by Crown Prince Rup-
Evening star., 1918-08-11
German Fighting Spirit Waning.

Evidences of the decentralization OF
the German forces accumulate. For
example, in the fighting of the past
three days in Picardy the British cas-
ualties have been up to latest reports
only 5000, or but one-fourth of the
number of prisoners taken. Seldom is
such a small ratio of losses to captures
established. It is also reported that
in this fighting eleven German di-
visions have been not only defeated,
but so crushed that the German high
command has been unable to organize
and deliver single counter offensive.
There are reports of the capture of
two divisional generals and their STATS,
though there may, in fact, have been
but one case of the kind, with dupli-
cation in the statements But even
one is an achievement worthy of re-
mark
If eleven enemy divisions have been
Put out of action there must be some
cause beyond the intensity of the al
lied assault. For such an assault must
have hcen accompanied by heavy cas-
ualties. whereas the allied losses have,
as stated, been astonishingly small. To
what other cause can this heavy Ger
man loss be attributed than to the
slackening of the spirit of resistance :
Many of the prisoners taken, it is
stated, are old men. These, then. could
not have been first-class electives
who were holding the important lines
marking the extreme westward ad-
vance of the Germans. The question
naturally arises: Is the German man
power so seriously depleted that it is
necessary to replace frst-ciass fighting
men with landwehr, or second and
third class troops, in frontal positions.
If this condition prevails in the Pi-
cardy sector may it not also be true
of the other portions of the line, save
probably in the region of recent fight
ing cast oe scissors, and possibly in
Faandersi Yet even in Flanders there
are signs of German apprehension, due
perhaps to the knowledge that the lines
are not stout enough to hold against
a vigorous assault. 1t is known that
Gerniany's losses during the past four
and a half months have been very
heavy. possibly a million men. In the
Ijarne fighting the losses were espe-
eially crlprling, as they were among
The best troops Deduction Of half Of
this number from the fighting forces
available at the beginning of the
March offensive--thus making a very
liberal allowance for recoveries from
wounds-with doubtless an equal num-
ter of electives added to the fighting
lines from America. would net the
Germans a relative loss in man power
of one million.
Thus the continued retreat of the
Germans from the Montdidier-Albert
salient and the rapid formation of a
deep indentation in the general line
toward the east is not only in itself
q gain of ground, but a very sig
nifcant indication that Germany's
striking power is waning. And the
very large number of unwounded pris-
rners suggests that the will to fight is
now definitely lacking on the part of
the men in the ranks. When that will
slackens, defeat is not far distant.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
precious Stael.

From the Raleigh News and Observer.
The war brings many changes. One
Of them IL as to the Identity Of the
most precious metal. No longer 10 1t
gold. The yellow metal is not suited
for use In piercing the Hun hide or in
smashing him into smithereens with
giant artillery. Steel is now the most
precious metal.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

No Time for Abstruse Calculation.
"How soon do you think the war will
endf" asked the girl who thinks a
soldier knows everything.
"That's something for the Hohen-
zollerns to figure out" replied the man
who has been across. "We're too busy
fighting"
Evening star., 1918-08-11

While the big guns Of the Prussians
are smashing windows in Paris, their
submarines are shooting out the lights
along the american coast. The dem
onstration is aggravating, but not awe
inspiring.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

To show the uselessness of human
anxiety, those ve1atious old matters
the treating habit and the Pullman
porter tip are now taking care OF
themselves. There is nothing to treat
with and the occasional porter is toe
busy to hold his hand out.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

Siberia has been the home of SO
much high-class political talent that
she ought by this time to be able to
figure out q national career of her own
Evening star., 1918-08-11

The late Nicholas Romanof will be
regarded as a saint by the Russian peo-
pIe. Even after death honors which
bring no personal happiness pursue
him.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

The bolshevik government now con-
templates declaring war on Japan.
The Distinguishing bolshevik trait is
an impetuous desire to declare war on
everything in sight.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
All Confused.

All Confused.
care you a democrat or . repub-
licanp asked the man who always
wants to talk politics.
T dunno" responded the man who
is thinking about other things. @Are
you"
Evening star., 1918-08-11

A fve-minion man-power Army is
a prospect that shonld cause Kaiser
Bill to hunt for some new effects in his
strafing.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

The crown prince has been fooled so
often that he may refuse to start the
next time he is sent for to take charge
Of a ready. made victory.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

Germany is not arising with enthu-
siasm to arrange homecoming week
for the Hindenburg troops.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

The remark of the original Jobs
comforter was probably something to
the effect that the humidity was worse
than the heat.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

The profteer is reminded that re-
writing price tags may easily become
a non essential occupation.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
Not News.

From the Pittsbursh Gasette-Times.
Hertling says Germany isn't going
to keep Belgium. Old stun; we have
known that since April, 1917.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
Bonehead!

From the indianapolis News.
It must be getting into even the
kaiser's ivory that the Yankees can
and will fight.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

ly destroyed"
So
From time to time enormous cat
nsh have been taken in the Potomac
river. but It is to be
Giant CatAsh doubted IL there have
c-, been many dsh taken
Sepsou' as big as the one
mentioned in an article in The Star of
August z. 1858, although unfortunate
ly in THAI account the full dimensions
Of the catch are not given. Possibly
. fsh expert may be able to determine
the probable size of q catfish meas
uring I'll inches across the head from
eye to eye"
ny. An attache of Capt George Shack
els Fulton saloon at Potomac ferry
fishing at that point. measuring eleven
inches across the head from eye to
eye. The feat was not accomplished
without some difficulty and narrowly
involved the life of the captor. Find
ing the line too frail to support the
would be folly to attempt to lift il
to the wharf. and, therefore. sum-
moned a youth to bring alongside
small boat, while he played from his
position to exhaust the fish in the
river.
Upon the arrival of the boat he
hauled in his line and made spring
pening to strike outside he tilted
over and half of his body went into
the water. while the youth dexterously
caught him by the left hand as he
was falling and soon raised him above
the surface. Holding on to the line.
hn lfft1A the dnNlrfn1 and
had the satisfaction-as the catfish
had by this time become completely
exhausted-of drawing his prize into
the boat without much trouble. Old
fishermen pronounced the hsh one of
the largest ever caught in these wa
ters."
After the civil war there was con-
siderable touring among the battle
fields by sightseers.
Lightning some Of whom went at
the business thoroughly.
1ou1sts. while others were rather
hasty and sketchy about their in-
spection of the scenes of conflict. OF
the latter class were two mentioned
in The Star Of August s, 1868, as fol-
lows:
n AS" dds d6o t"o
dents of Yale set out to do the Nir-
ginia battlefields. They returned to
Washington last night and gave
narrative of their experience that is
quite refreshing. With the speed of
q carpet bagger ESQ called), they
rushed directly on to Richmond. ar
irving in the morning. went down
and took look at Libby, asked
policeman il there was anything 20
see about the city and were shown
an old redoubt at the extremity OF
one Of the streets. This they recon
noitered and by return train came TO
Washington. They say that the
wilderness battlefield doesn't amount
to much as seen from the Freder1cks-
burg and Richmond cars. and as for
the defenses of Richmond they are of
the opinion that there was great
deal Of .fooiing- in taking them. Pass
ing Mount Vernon, they applied
themselves vigorously to the officers
Of the road for information respect
ing the place and were anxious to
know if it would pay to go there.
They were told that some thought il
did. but one OF them remarked that
their diaries of their trip were al
ready pretty full and they guessed
they wouldn't bother with it. The
report of their trip will doubtless be
highly interesting to Yale and their
n neighbors who made excursions with
muskets to these scenes a few years
ago"
Evening star., 1918-08-11

During the war every year looks like
an "of year" in politics.
Evening star., 1918-08-11

Germany's big problem is getting the
"junkers" properly junked.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
Explaining the Retreat,
From the New YORK World,

The press Of Germany is also hght-
ing a rear-guard action, covering the
retreat Of the army ~ well ~ It can.
Evening star., 1918-08-11
Speed.

The mysteries of money are
Not easy to unrave1.
The dollars won't 60 very far,
But, oh, how fast they travel!
Evening star., 1918-08-11
FIFTY YEARS AGO In The STAR

that call the building was very near
ly destroyed"
Evening star., 1918-08-11

The subject Of teachers' pay was .
matter Of general discussion in Amer
fcan cities ffty
School Teacher years ago. and In
,ooe The Star Of August
ticle which sets forth the facts re-
sarding the pay scale OF public in
structors:
"The New York Sun. which is Civ
ing much thoughtful attention to edu-
cational matters, errs In setting down
the pay Of teachers in Washington as
S1.260 for male teachers and $475 for
female teachers per year. That was
about the rate Of pay here. but II has
been increased within the year past
to the following figures: Salaries Of
teachers of male grammar schools
$1,000 per annum. increase $50 per an
mum to $1,000: female grammar
$1,000 per annum, increase $50 per
annum to $1,000: male intermediate.
$500 per annum. increase $50 per an
mum to $1,000; female intermediate.
$500 per annum. increase $50 per an
mum to $500; secondary. s7oo per an
mum. increase $50 per annum to $500:
primary. $3.50 per annum. increase
$50 per annum to $3.50: primary. grad
yates of normal schools or teachers
having high training $3.50 per an
mum. increase $50 per annum to $3.50.
by the SUMS table II would seem
that the highest pay for men is $4,000.
which is received by three teachers in
Boston, and the next highest $1,000.
paid to twenty-six teachers in the
same place. Women receive much
less and their highest salary Is as
follows: In st. Louis. $1,000: Boston.
$1,000: San Francisco, $500: Cincin-
natl. $1.05S: Chicago, $1.100: Louis
vile. 1920; Buffalo. $1.o75: Milwau-
kee. 500: Cleveland. $500: Toledo.
$3.50: Newark. $500; Detroit. 500. In
New York city before the wer the
highest salary for males was $500
and about $500 for females. At pres
ent 1t is $2,500 and 5000 for males
and 1880 and S1.7o0 for females.
This. with all tho above figures. in
clude principals. Of whom there are
now 49 males and 1zs females. who
have taught from 8 to is years"
Evening star., 1918-08-11
WHAT THE GOVERNMENT Is DOING

pipes and applied to the crops in a
fine spray. The cost of installing
this system, which ranges from $3.50
to 5000 per acre. limits its practt-
cability to small areas where highly
intensive farming or market gar
dening is practiced and sure markets
and the ability to produce and handle
a hfgh-grade crop is assured. The ex-
perts say that 1t has the advantage
over the surface method of uniformi-
requires considerable less labor to
operate.
The subirrigating method consists
Of a system of tile laid under the,
ground through which the water is
distributed. In addition to being cost
tain conditions-a combination Of an
open porous surface soil, underlain
with an tmpervious stratum which
win tend to hold the water within
reach of the plant roots
The slope of land must be fairly
uniform II the surface irrigation is
to be successful, for the flow of the
water depends on gravity. The source
Of water must be near enough to
the land to justify the expense of
fields. With few exceptions a pump
ing outfit is necessary for the eastern
farm. Usually it does not pay to
pump water through a vertical lift
OI more IMAM iVV Ieet Tor ordinary
field crops. although valuable truck
crops may justify a lift of over 200
feet Where water is pumped from
streams or bther open bodies of
water a centrifugal pump usually 10
the cheapest and best type. Its ad-
vantages are low cost. light weight,
lack of valves and parts that do
not wear out readily, comparative
ease of operation and maintenance,
and relative high efficiency in raising
large quantities OF water through
moderate lifts.
X