davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
TOMMY.
5IE5T1P.GTJ3E.
a5N VERY OFTEN.
0verburdens Mail With
Pictures of Himself for
the Girl Back Home.
PREFERS TO BE
IN GROUP PHOTO

NEHrsD British Lines IN France.
Jan 5.-One Of the flourishing
IL trades IN the little towns and Wiz
lagos behind the line IN France IS the
photograp piers The soldier has
universal foudness for having his pic
ture taken.
With the British Tommy, the VISIT
TO the village camera man is a regular
event Of the greatest Importance. and
requires great Preparations he Dor
rows the best pair Of puttees IN his
section. or, better stu. q pair OF field
service boots. brushes his clothes
with great care. cleans his belt and
bandolisr, and polishes his buttons.
II he belongs 20 q mounted CORPS,
his SPURS and cutting whip VIII make
= great display, for although every
BODY agrees that in this war the IN
fsntry IS the most important branch.
there IS still a glamOr attaching TO
the mounted man, even Il his mount
be only q cart horse OF mule
EQUESTRIAN portraits are much IN de-
mand, Il Is said by the girls at home
As often as not. Tommy gets Pho
tographed in q group with four or five
men from his section. For one thing.
this fs cheaper. For another, Il sup
plies q testimonial OF the good com
paaT he keeps, and OF the fine fellows
tia this section-always the -tlnest
IN the srnyf'-is composed or
Malls Loaded With Pictures.
Thousands Of these photographs are
sent every day from France 10 Eng
land. The officers whose business II
IS TO censor Pvt Atkius's correspond
snce gets very tired OF seeing that
noble hero's cODntenance enclosed in
every letter ne sends for weeks af-
ter the event and the number Of fem
mine admirers entitled to copies OF
the photographic artists production
seems to be unlimited
The Prev 1ence OF the group pho
tozraph lear 10 many romantic de-
veIopments. Some girl FRIEND Of
the recipient sdmires the good look
ing lance corporal next TO you, Tom"
and new correspondence starts up
IN Ter the fatherly eve OF the censor
shop officer Correspondence OF
The Associated Press.)
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05

DOAIBAY. India, Jan 5.-How q
dismissed official % the indian
IL government endeavored to get
into communication with Germany for
the purpose Of stirring up q revolu-
donary movement in India. has Just
been told a. the arraigument Of Sta
rama Eyer. charged with communicat-
ing with the ensy.
Evidence secured showed that the
German crown prince vas CHIEF among
those contributing 20 the funds Tor
the proposed revolution. which had
for It's purpose the Gripping Of Eng
land by arousing the In5ian natives
TO revolt the invasion o. india and
making necessary the withdrawal Of
British troops from France and Bel
GUM % India.
Iyer. after being removed from the
British service as a revenue Inspector.
got into Communication with Ger
many through various neutral con
suIs In Bombay. employing official
British stationery and counterfeit
seals 20 deceive the neutral cOnsuls
into accepting his MESSAGES His de-
lection was due 90 accident. namely,
that for q few days the French con
sui lu Bombay was in charge OF the
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Boy UrfoIds SHOCKING
Storu OF Inhumanitu

Morris. III, Jan. Paul Hatcher,
-h~oUEh his sitter. Mrs. Caroline
Spar. has filed suit against his
8 ther. Fr~uk Hatcher. a~king sepr-
ate guar 'iauship and alleging a tan
Of cruelty ourrivaliug that Of Olive
Twist fame. The allegations. in brief
follow
Forced TO arise at Z. do chores
until Q, and then run TO school; step
mother heG about him 10 farther. in
duced latter to beat him. denied him
same food as other members Of fam
ily, gave him food inferior 10 that SUP
nlied servants ana permitted him TO
sit at table only at evening meal
"Was given meat only on Sunday,
and then only half a chickens wing;
when he refused 10 permit step
mother to battle him. she told his
father and he was whipped until
water IN tub was red with blood:
forced TO wear long toeIess stock
ings although was wearing long
pants forced 20 keep clothes and
dress IN basement without sufficient
toilet articles.
deceived dollar a week for sum
mer weeks, but payments were
evaded by imposition Of fines"
The boy is under care Of a physi-
clan anG feeling against the boys
father and stepmother runs high.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Offers Of Dog Teeth
And Gaudy Clothes
Induce NatiUes TO Toll

London. Eng, Jan. 5.-One o. the
ouaintezt OF exemption pleas yet
recorded came before the city local
tribunal Il concerned the secretary
Of the British New Guinea Develop
ment company, who said he had solved
a difficult labor problem in New Gui-
uea
In the ordinary course Of things. he
said, the male islanders left all the
work TO their wcmeukin- Recently the
Australian government prohibited
- omen labor in the plantations The
males could not be tempted TO work
for money, and he hit on the idea OF
offering fancy decorative things. such
as beads. Eaudy clothes. dogs teeth
and musical Instruments
To get these things men engaged
themselves to work for u month,
and when they returned 10 their VIII
lagos they inspired others with the
ambition 90 do likewise. BY this
means a large amount OF useful and
necessary work was done.
He was the only man connected
with the company who knew what
sort OF articles the natives required,
ana II he were called, work Of good
national importance would be serious
iy hampered-
The case was adjourned Tor m
cuiries.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
PRESIDENT
GIVES REAL Ha4
AIMS Of ALLIES
London "Economist" Says
Wilson Agrees With
Lord LansdoWne.
NO DESIRE TO
CRUSH GERMANS

z ONDOS. Eng Jan 5.-President
Wilson Is praised by the Econ
omlst~ as the man who can ex-
press clearly and without bombast the
fine Ideals which are the real war
aims OF the allies The article says
that had such a spokesman been
found earlier. the sympathy and sup
port OF Russia might permanently
have been enlisted on tbs side OF the
allies The paper asserts also that
president Wilson agrees with lord
Lansdowne's much discussed state
ment that the allies have no desire To
deny TO Germany her place among the
great commercial communities OF the
world
No Economic Boycott.
eve find" said the Economist.
''that wen Informed opinion IN the
city Is very strong on this point
that it would be very difficult II not
impossible, to impose an economic
boycott on Germany IN time OF peace.
such threats have the unfortunate e.
rect or stimulating the war interest
or Inc commercial classes in Germany
" hen their Instincts and interests i'm
pei them so strongly toward the rea-
sonaole peace that president Wilson
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
War RISKS and Costs
Result in High Prices

London. England. Jan. Vernon
Hartshorn. one OF the leaders OF the
South Wales miners. after paying a
handsome tribute 20 the public spirit
which animated lord Rhondda in SC
cepting his present position. IN the
South wales Daily News writes
What IS responsible for the pres
ent high prices OF fOOd7 To an exc
tent 70 IS proGteeriug. but 20 a com
para lively small extent only. The
CHIEF reason for the eXorbitant prices
is that war risks and war costs are
being charged on the necessaries or
life, and are consequently Imposed
upon the working classes by cum
uingly devised system OF Indirect tax
alton. instead OF being treated as
costs or the war and charged TO the
capital war account and met by tax
alton OF the people best able TO bear
the burden"
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05

excavations that the surmise has been
proved correct.
Marble Tablets For Newspaper
Tablets Of white marble served for
the Inscriptions. These tablets re-
sembled 10 q degree the front page
Of a newspaper and the letters are
carved deep into the marble. as 81
the editor intended TO prevent their
erasion. The reading matter Is ar
ranged in columns, and OF these col
umns there are three and sometimes
four TO a tablet
Lists OF the officers OF the city and
long queues OF names Of cousuls and
prOconsuls appeared.
Story OF Fire Given.
But two OF the recently uuearthed
fragments. whose deciphered inscrip-
lions viii soon be published in fun.
have yielded important historical in
formation. The paper was a tri-
In one copy" containing the news
OF the second half OF the year 81 A
o., complete description appears OF
the fire that destroyed the Circus.
Eoms's largest amphitsater
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
acific Islands Do
Not Wish German Rule

Wellington, New Zealand, Jan S.
Speaking at a conference Of Asso-
ciated Chambers Of Commerce. W. T.
Massey. the prime minister. said that
any proposal to restore Samoa or
New Guinea 70 Germany would b.
bitterly resented by British people
in the south Pacific
such restoration would mean that
Samoa would be the heaS quar ters Of
the German Pacific feet, and the Gsv-
mans would establish there a wire
less sta zion and submarine base "TFe
British government" Mr Massey
added. has been told that we are
not going to have the Germans back
in the Islands OF these seas if we carr
possfbly help It."
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
King Finds the Men
Prefer Female Cooks

London. England. Jan 5.-The king.
as coIonelinchief OF the brigade Of
guards. motored 20 the training dee
pot at Caterham 20 see the men en-
90 Eed in their actual everyday du-
ties. this being the first occasion on
which his majesty has visited the
barracks
After inspecting companies OF the
five regiments OF the brigade the king
went TO the mems mess room. where
number Of women cooks are en-
gagged. HIS majesty asked some Of
the men how they liked the cooks.
and enc OF them replied. "Oh. fine
your m7jesty." at which the king
laughed heartily.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Londoner Pleased
at 'fTaPe CoUer and
"AH Clear" Warnings

members express general satisfaction
at the home secretary's decision for
a take cover" whistle and "aU clear"
buEle.
Kennedy Jones. member for Horn
sey. suggests that the home secretary
should issue short. clear eXplana-
tion OF the signals for circulation IN
everv district. so that every member
OF the public may thoroughly under
stand the arrangements that have
been made. Sir George Caves pro-
mise when necessary. to repeat the
take cover every two hours was
the result OF o suggestion by Ken
needy Jones.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Old Rome Had Publicity Bureau;
Issued News on Tablets of White
Marble; Are Found in OStia Ruins
BY CAMILLE CIANFARRA.

~ ONE, italy, January 5.-Ostia.
ancient Rome's most important
port and commercial center. had
it's ubiquitous journalists and enter
prising news agencies not so much
dissimilar from those Of our present
day.
Prof L ParibenL ItaIy's noted
archeaoIogist who has devoted the
best part Of hts life to the study Of
the ruins OF Ostia. in a recent inter-
view said that many OF the lnstitu-
tons which are considered as charac-
terlstic OF our civilization actually
existed in embryo in the Roman
world
Had Good Publicity Bureau.
That the Roman government con
zlderel il a. duty 90 spread through
out the empire a certain amount Of
information concerning public events
and present them under the most
favora bic light, many had suspected
years ago, but % is only BY the latest
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
PGntomime and Song
For British TEeaters

London. Eng Jan 5.-Pautomime
is once more in the making for the
British Isles The number of pro-
ductions is to be greater this year
than in any recent season. and well
over 100 are expected. The total in
cludes pantonimes for London and
suburbs the great provincial cities,
touring productions for the No. .
towns. and the smaller places known
in the world OF the road companies
as the -fit-ups."
Scotland Will as usual. be the first
OF the four countries with its panto-
mines
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Bread for SoZ}iers 10
Equal That of CiUilians

Paris. France. Jan d cabinet
council has approved measures for the
rationinE Of bread. The principle has
been adopted that the daily ration
for all consumers. with the exception
Of agricultural iaborers. must not be
larger than that Of soldiers AZ the
front. Cards Will be issued in every
commune having more than 10000 in
habitants. and the proportion OF flour
allowed viii be fixed by the project
in each department. All mills VII be
placed unEer the surveillance OF the
ministry Of agriculture. and all ce-
reals will be requisitioned exceot
those required for seeding. for tho
food OF farm I~borers' families and
for animals fodder.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Embargo Established on
Meat and Bu-Products

Copenhagen. Denmark, Jan Sex
port Of cattle, sheep ana goats from
Denmark has been prohibited. An
embargo has been placed upon the eX-
port Of the meet and byproducts Of
horses, cattle. sheep, goats and pigs.
timed meat. eggs. butter, milk and
cream. 1t is. however. not proposed
to stop the export Of these commodi-
ties; the order merely gives the RE MS
OF regulating exports so that the
maximum amount Of profit may be
derived by the country.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Women Doctors Almost
as Numerous as Men

London, England, Jan. women
Doctors have increased by leaps and
bounds since the start Of the war. and
before 10 is over. 70 IS believed. there
viii be as many women il the pro
fession s men
This statement was made at the
Women's institute by DIT. Jane Walker
in supporting an appeal for 10000
pounds sterling 20 enable The central
bureau for the employment of w0m-
en- TO assist women of small means
to train for professional and com.
mercial uostS
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Buses DriOen BY Coke
Instead of Oil Power

London. England. Jan. Sin order
to supersede oil for generating steam
the London Steam Car Omnibus COM
pany proposes to equip its cars with
q patent coke apparatus Trials with
il have proved so successful that 81
is probable Il may be adapted TO all
heavy traction.
The petrol restrictions and the In
creasinE scarcity Of oil fuel led the
firm to experiment with q system Of
down draught for solid fuel Strin-
gent tests with the coke fuel have
proved successful and a good head of
steam is easily maintained
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
New Zealand Men Who
Haze $500 In Income
Must Bun War Bonds

Auckland. New Zealand. Jan. s.
New Zealand has taken the first step
toward compulsory lending. bin
which has passed the house OF repre-
sentatives provides that persons with
taxable incomes Of $500 and more
must subscribe 70 the war loan three
times the total amount which they
pay In land tax and income tax
There are also provisions for penaliz-
Ing persons who had not subscribed
to the previous war loan.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Mourning Tomnies Wear
Crebe-Couered Buttons

London. England. Jan 5.-Although
our soldiers below the rank Of war
rant officer are not allowed to dis
play any sign Of mourning while IN
Uniform. we sometimes see the second
button OF Tommy's tunic covered with
crepe. as token Of grief or re-
spect- This custom is really an IN
authorized extension OF an ancient
privilege granted to the Royal ma
rines. aud IS strictly permissible 20
no other corps. Officers and war
rant officers AFRO authorized TO wear
band OF crepe. 81 inches wide.
around the left arm. above the elbow.
This may not be worn at court or
levees unless the court IS On mourn
iug- No other evidence Of private or
public grief is permitted TO any rank
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Rhondda Has Score To
Settle WHh .Satnn's Hide

London, Eng, Jan 5.-''When 7 was
on my way to the shore, after having
been sunk in the Lusitania. made a
solemn VOW 10 get level with Satan's
chief Of staff, that blasphemous
hypocrite. the kaiser"
The foregoing words are taken
from a speech made recently by lord
Rhoudda-
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Nilitaru Funerals for
Victims of Air Raids

London. England, Jan ST you
are killed IN an air raid you can have
2 military funeral If you like.
The sscretay Of the war office has
decided that when the relatives Of
civilians killed la enemy All. raids su
desire, arrangements may Ue made
for the attendance Of troops. with a
band II one is available. at the fu-
neral and for the loan Of a Union
Jack to cover the coffin.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
ItaIign Vegetables for
Germans Ire Promised

AmsterdaDl. Hollan1, Jan. s. The
official organ Of the German depart
ment for vegetables and fruit holds
out the prospect OF the immediate
utiliza ton Of the conquered italian
districts IN REGARD to vegetables and
potatoes for the last weeks Of the
winter. and states that q conference
will shortly take place at Vienna
for the creation Of an economic board
for these regions
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
EnoIand Buys u Stocks
OF CLohing Stores for
SoEJiers On Digchgrre

london, EnE, Jan. 5--WhOIesaIe
stocks Of mems civilian suits are be-
ing commaudse by the army cloth
ing dena rtnnent for issue 70 soldiers
on their discharge from the army
This follows the communicating Of
mems heavy winter underwear and as
wholesale clothiers have been asked
70 furnish particulars OF their stocks
OF cotton cords and moles there is
possibility Of these goods being com
M ndeered also.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Women in Var Work Are
Late Returning To Work
and Are Sent To Prison

women typists belonging TO the wom-
ans auxiliary army corps having
overstayed their leave in London.
were, on their return 20 headquar-
tiers. handed over by the corps 20 the
civil police for neglect OF public duty.
They were kept in the cells for two
nights and were fined one guinea each
the next day.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Food Situation in
Austria is Critical

London. England. Jan. Sat q con
ference at Vienna OF parliamentary
representatives and municipal off
cials, the burEomaster declared that
the food situation was now ircur1-
time during the war. Neither Austria
nor Germany had any reserve stocks.
Hungary's condition was no better,
and the Rumaui-u stocks were exc
hsusted
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
WnNIEN rnNnTCTcRs nTTlr.

New York. Jan. 6.-The success Of
the experiment by the Brooklyn Rap
i'd Transit company Of hiring women
conductors is seriously threatened
Three Of the first 10 women employed
have resigned Two resigned because
OF sickness and the third said the
work interfered with the care OF her
five children. Other women are being
trained or the positions.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Hamburg, Germany's Big
Commercial City, Dark;
Cuts Out Street Lights

Amsterdam. Holland, Jan 5--Ham-
burg. Germanys second largest city,
is now entirely without street iilum-
nation az night, in consequence OF
the shortage Of coal which has cur
tailed the output Of Eas and electric
itv.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05

- information OF the situation OF
4 the Jews IN southern Russia
(old Poland) and invaded Lithugnia,
which has Just reached here reveals
their state rs most piriable and des-
2erate-
Prosecutions more severe than uH-
der the czarist regime, the actual
selling OF young Hebrews into slavery
and the breaking Up and looting OF
their homes is the rule in LithuanIa.
wilhelm Russia pogroms are officially
reported from Skirva, near Kief and
Kishineff. the scene Of the terrible
massacres Of former years.
The former antipathy between the
Jews and the Polish uationalists,
which brought massacres and eX-
Cesses in its train, never chronIcled
such bitter conditions as now obtain
under the German military rule
Worse Tfnn Russian Treatment.
Under the German "Eommand." de-
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
DESERVING Arab Soldiers
Hanged BY Turks; Bodies
Left Hanging as Woruinp

London, Eng, Jan. 5.-Arab sol
diers IN the Turkish armies have beer
deserving from Palestine. Those who
were reta ken have been subjected 10
tle heaviest penalties as a lesson %
their fellows. one man in eve-~ +er
being publicly hanged. and the BODY
iett exposed for a long time after
wards.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
German Wages Increase
25 Percent; Food Cost
Is U6 Percent Hiqhe.

London. Ems. Jan 5.-The average
Increase in wages IN Industry In Gel.
many may be reckoned to be about g.
percent says the Board OF Trade Ia
Dor Gazette.
According 60 official statistics foor
prices were II percent higher in Juue
1917, than In July. 1915.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
Lord Cunlife to Quit
rs Bank Of Englands
Gnrernor Nert March

London. Eng, Jan. st ts an
aounced that lord Cunliffe viii end
his five years Of goverDOrship Of the
Bank Of England next March, ana the
eo1rt viii recommend as mis- success
sor Sir Brien Cokayne. the present
deputy governor.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
GERMANY PLANNED.
AROUSIN6 NATIVE
To FIGHT
DISCHARGED OFFICIAL IS CAUGHT
CONSPIRING WITH THE ENEMY

German Crown Prince Sends Personal Contribution Of
S75OO and Zimmerman S5OOO Neutral Consuls Used
Through Ruse to Garry on Negotiations for the
Invasion of India by the German Army.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05

n ARTS. France. Jan 5.-Ons OF the
- first things discovered by the
\ new French minister OF blockade
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05
YOUNG JEWS SOLD INTO.
SLAVERY IN Old POLAND.
UNDER GERMAN CONTROL.
Persecution and Oppression of Jews Worse Than IN
der Most Severe Of Russian Acts Declares Former
Head Rabbi; Fourth of the Jewish Population
Falls Victim to Disease Is Claim.
iY HENRY G. Wales.

- ARIS. France. Jan. 5.-Authentic
- information OF the situation Of
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05

I Spanish consulate and gained an ink
7 ling Of what vas going on
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-05

DOAIBAy. India, Jan 5.-How
X dismissed official % the indian
Il government endeavore6 TO get
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-10-04
NORTH LIBERTY. IND.

Mrs. sam Good left Tuesday for
a visit at Goshen and Nappanee.
sam Freed IS spending a few
days this week with friends in
Goshen.
Mrs. Fred Westrick and children
Of South Bend are here visiting
with her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
NJ. NJ. McKesson.
Samuel Shultz OF Olympia, Wash
is here for an extended visit with
friends
-dr. and Mrs D. Z. Kelver or
South Bend. Mr.. and Mrs. Henry
Albright and children. took dinner
Sunday in the country with their
mother, Mrs. William Albright
Mrs. J. Whitinger spent Tuesday
in South Bend on business.
BORN. 70 Mr.. and Mrs George
Shydecker, a son, Sept %.
Mrs. II. b. Inks was a visitor here
the latter part OF the week with W
II. Conner and daughter
Q. Hoag of Detroit spent the first
part OF the week with friends here.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-10-04
OFFICE HELP.
stenographers

WE PLACE. stenographers Typists,
bictaphunists. BOokkeepers. Private
Seeys Cost Clerks. GeuI Office People
etc. in the best positions. Our many
years experience enables Us 20 do this.
We get you the Best Place and the
Best salary.
WHY NUI place your application with
Us at once: Call or telephone Tor APP
pOiutment.
THE THOMAS SCHOOL Licensed En-
pl3ymeut Agency. Mich. a. Wash.
American Trust Bldg. Bell 2SOG. Home
ZLlU
BUSINESS MEN: Cdu us for High Grade
Ohce People Free. reliable service
THE THOMAS SCHOOL Public Work
Dept. does Addressing, MultigrapL
Letters, Geu'l Work Best rates. 62.il-d
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-10-04

Follow this counsel and you will
live long" is the inscription on an
American Red Cross hygiene" pos
ter being displayed in all the schools
of France. The poster. prepared for
the instruction Of refugees. met
with such instant approval that the
authorities decided 10 give it the
widest possible circulation
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-10-04

FOR RENT-Weu furnished front room.
Steam heat, ira three blocks OF bust
ness center Call 1860 Home phone Ref
erences required. 1887 I