davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
Want Mobilization
 of Illiterate Men

Montgomery, July 2L-tSpecial.} }-Work- CTS among illiterate selectmcn of Ala bama today memorialized Provost Mar shal Crowder to issue an order mcbilizing he selectmen in some central point in each county to receive instructions in or- Ter that they may read and write when they arec aled to military service. The workers declared that it is necessary for a person to read and write before he can he an efficient soldier and that an order from the provost marshal general could bring the illiterates together.
 It is proposed that the government pay the actual expenses of the men while they are in school and if necessary that reg ular army pay be allotted to them. Un- less the work is done before they are called for training, it mus be done after ward and the workers among the Hit rate selectmen said the work could be done with less trouble al home and in. familiar surroundings than in an army camp.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
RETRIEVE GRANTED
 THOMAS ]. MOONEY
California Governor Takes Step Which Will Stay Ese7s
 cution Until Dec. 13

Los Angeles, Cal, July 27.-Thomas J.. Mooney, in death row at San Quentin prison. under sentence to be hanged for murder in connection with bomb ex- plosion during the preparedness day pa rade in San Francisco in 1916, will not be executed August g. next, as decreed by court. Gov. William D. Stephens to- day announced he would grant re- prieve, which would act as a stay of ex- ecuton until December 13, 1918.
 The governor said 1t would require all of his time between now and December 13 to examine the mass of court records and briefs in the case. Although the formal judgment of the supreme court has not been handed down Governor Stephens said he announced his intention of granting Mooney a reprieve at this time in order that persons throughout the country might be assured the case would be given the fullest consideration by the executive and judicial branches of the state government.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
TODAY'S AGE-HERALD
SECTION /!

SECTION 4 I-Germans are in full retreat. Fully equipped |. $. shipyards now number l1S. Reprieve granted Thomas J. Mooney. 2--Fifty-two German divisions now fac ing allies. 3-"Cncle Pate" Hickman tells story of early politics in Jefferson county. 4-Editoral and comment. 5-Wn Denson acquitted on disioyalty charge. Calls over state for Underwood to deliver speeches. s-Gives Bankhead fullest credit for road work. lo-11-Sports.
 SECTION E 1-Appeal to war workers to join de- fense council, 2-3-+-Automobile news. 5-Amusements., a-Markets. io-Events of the fourth year of the world war.
 SECTION c l--Chronicle of society. o--Society news of the suburbs 3-The shoe of the soldier. 4--Harrisou seeps to hold upper hand over vardaman 5-Dolly Dalrynples ,I--W. C. n. 4I. activities.
 SECTION D
 SECTION E Comic supplement-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
CALL STRIKERS TO CoLoRs

London. July .2l.-TheN national service officials were busy today at Coventry and Birmingham preparing forms calling the strikers of military age to the colors should they ignore the government ulti- matum and not return to work on Mon- day. It is difficult as yet to decide upon the effect of the ultimatum, as many taking advantage of the enforced idle ness have gone to their homes or are on a holiday.
 As far as the number of men out IS concerned, there is little change from yesterday, but this can be understood, as Saturday is a half holiday, and should there be any number who have decided to return to work-and there are believed to be many in this frame of mind-they would be unlikely to resume before Monday.
 The newspaper correspondent says the governments ultimatum has made deep impression on the strikers, which will be shown at the mass meetings to be held on Sunday On the other hand. at strike headquarters in Birmingham it was stated the ultimatum had in no wise eased the trouble, but on the con- trary had accentuated it.
 It is estimated that only one-fifth of the munitions workers of Coventry are unemployed and many of these are en- forced idlers who are unable to work W hile the skilled men decline to prepare their tools. Many labor leaders have proceeded to the Affected districts to urge the men to return to work. Among them is Joseph Havelock Wilson, head~of the Seamens union. who took 400 sailors with him. They will parade the streets of Coventy and then proceed to the foot ball grounds for a mass meeting, It which the strikers will be told what sea men have suffered and are suffering from ~ ~rx,Yvr has received offers of assistance from many. quarters. while the workers m many districts have passed resolutions Icondemning the strike
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
FULLY EQUIPPED J. s. SH|PYARDS
 NOW NUMBER 110 Many Yards Bave Been Built From Ground Up; Others
 Greatly Extended
IA OTHER PLANTS ARE NEARING COMPLETION
Hog Island, Worlds Greatest Ship yard, Now 90 Per Cent Complete, and Will Launch Its First
 Ship Next Month

Washington. July 27.--America's great chain of ship manufactories is approaching completion.
 There are now 1iS fully equipped yards in the United States and A others partly completed, of which 23 are more
 than 75 per cent finished, and only six less than 25 per cent ready to begin building tonnage. Many have been built from the ground up. while the others have been extended and en-
 larged to such a degree that many of
 them amount almost to new yards
 The building of ships has been such
 a fascinating problem to Americana
 that they have been quick to lose sight
 of the herculean task of organization
 and development which had to pre-
 ced the construction of new vessels to
 beat the submarine. Back of the week
 ly outputs of tonnage has been long
 stretch of work, sometimes discourage
 ing. always necessary. which only just
 now is nearing completion.
 Thirty-seven steel yards which the
 United States had when war began
 have grown to 72. The old yards have been increased from 162 ways to l95. and more arc being added. Eighty yards for building wooden ships now are in operation or nearing comnie- tion. The remainder of the total nun
 Der of yards are for building concrete ships, new industry developed ty the war need. Hog Island, the greatest of all ship yards. and one of the four goverp- gqss 2 ,!fs ss'sIst s,'s 1 < ;se si;s next month. Mrs. Woodrow Wilson act ing as sponsor. Bristol and Newark, two other fabricating yards. are al- most complete while Wilmington, N C., the fourth, was commenced only in May and is still in it's infancy.
 Wherever expansion can be made cf- fciently, the shipping board is lending its aid to increase the capacity of ox- isting yards. Within the month IS new ways have been ordered added to the country's ship manufactories-- as Chairman Hurley prefers to call them-for America is getting ready to manufacture" ships instead of build ing them. The Alameda, Cal, plant of the Bethlehem Shipbuilding corpora tion has been authorized to add ten new ways at an estimated cots of S.0,- 000,000. The came company's yard at | Sparrow's Point, Md. is adding three additional ways at a cost of S2,000. 900. l The New York ShipbuiIding corpora tion al Camden N. J, is building five new ways at a cost of $70o0. 000
 i The 11s yards which are complete are distributed sectionally as follows; Pacific coast, IS. Atlantic coast. 3s:
 Great Lakes, 16; Gulf coast, 1s
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

Since the French and Americans struck the German lines from FontenoS to Belleau a week ago last Thursday, inc Germans have been forced to re- form their lines and pour into the salient south of the. Vesle river many divisions of the fresh troops twnich were probably intended for use else where along the front. The effort ot the enemy to stabilize his line has brought about what for the time be- ing is a virtual deadlock, but over the situation there hangs at all times a possibility. and probability, that some new stroke will be struck by either side.
 PUSHED BACK II MILES
 So far as shown by official state- ments. the allies have pushed the Ger mans south of Soissons back to ar extreme depth of over II miles, Oulchy Le-Chateau being the point of deepest penetration. The Germans have held their ground on the north side of the Marne along most of the line from and there have yielded ground between the Marne and Rheims.
 The line, as it stands at present, starts from Fontenoy, on the Aisne and runs enthusiastically through Pernant to Montague De Paris. on tue hills overlooking Soissons. At that point it turns south and passes through Courmelles. Bersy. villemon- toire, Hartcnnes- Et-Taux. Le-P -Plessier- Heleu and Oulchy-Le-vil1e. There i. turns to the southeast and runs east of Oulchy Le Chateau and Armentieres and passes through northern edges of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
CONDITIONS ID BE
 INVESTIGATED AS STRIKERS RETURN
Britain Preparing to Con- script All Munition Plant Strikers Who Persist in
 Remaining Idle

London, July 27.-Winston Spencer Churchill, minister of munitions, an- nounced today that immediately the mu- milton strikers resume work a commit tee will be appointed to investigate the labor conditions which rendered the en- bargo necessary. and report what further measures should be adopted, in view of these conditions. to maintain and, where necessary, increase the output of mu- niuons with due regard to the effective and economical use of the labor, money and material.
 The minister pointed out that this step would be taken in accordance with an agreement with the trades union advis, ory committee as a result of which that committee advised the strikers to resume work The investigating committee will consist of three representatives. respec- lively, of the government, the employers and labor and will be presided over by neutral chairman.
 MT. Churchill has received many tee- grams from meetings of workmen in the muntion areas. condemning the at- titude of the strikers as unpatriotic and grossly unfair to the men in the trenches.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
AND
 QUARTER U. s.
 TROOPS ABROAD

WasbiHGton. July zs.-With SOyO00 troops sent last week. the number of American aoldiers tranapcrt~d overseas durinE Jnly is expected to reach . record of 900. .o0O. Secretary Baker and General March, chief "f staff. today told members of the Senate military onmittce.
 With the sAiP1ent sf men last week the total nuaber of troops ewsbarkIng for Franche reaches l,25O, ,OOO.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
Negro Preacher Holds
 Record Service Flag

Monroe. La. Jui~ FIR. H. Windsor a negro preacher of near Rayvil.e. La, Claims to hold the reco-i se--slse flag in Louisiana. Of Windsor's ls sons. F are in the army. one of them being lieu tenant and two others sergeants. Eight of the F volunteered.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

in this war the almost half daily and really minor encounters would be styled big battles.
 PRISONERS WEARY
 Prisoners brought to one of the American division headquarters today were men of the Landwehr who con firmed former statements of prisoners that the armies engaged in the retire ment are leaving only enough men to resist efforts to hurry them Like other prisoners they professed weari- ness of the war and said this feeling was general but supposed they must go on, since the men in high command so willed.
 The advance was not great. but it was accomplished in the face of huge numbers of machine guns. The Amer jeans advanced slightly their positions almost in the center of the arc. while on their right the French advanced to and through Pont-a-B Binson, one of the few places where the Germans are st.,. clinging near the north bank of the Marne.
 Another forward move was that Of the Americans in Fere Forest where they were checked yesterday. The action occurred in big open place in the forest the Germans clinginS to the inner ed9e of the woods. Be- hind the Americans was their heavy artillery. which sent shells far over the shortened field If operations in., the main bodies of the German troops and also harassea their transport
 The lighter artillery was used a, a barrage into and ac~oss the fielE the Germans not replying to any gre4 . extent.
 When the Americans advanced inc the open. lines of machine runs con cealed in the woods. shell holes and every possible point of cover. swep. them with a murderous fire. It was insufficient. however. to do more than slow up the advance. which contin- ued steadily and cautiously until a group O. houses in the center of the area had been occupied This incident of the advance was characteristic ot the greater prt Of the German resist ance along the fronts paralleling the river
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
Allied Progress On
 Aisne-Marne Front
 Is Most Satisfactory
Failure of Germans to Employ Artillefy Exten. sively Confirms Belief That Heavy Guns Have Been Moved to the Rear,
 Possibly to New Line

With the American Army the Asne- -Marne Front, July the Associated Press )The made by the troops the AisneMae front is consd emnenty satisfactory the commanders and the failure Germans employ artillery extensively has tended to confirm the belief that their heavy the greater part
 the field have been moved ia, back perhaps to position
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

ALLIES ADVANCE 10 MILES

The text of the statement reads'
 "Under the continued pressure of the French and allied troops for several days past, the Germans today retreated along the whole front north of the Marne. Our troops pursuing closely have reached the general line of Bruy- eres, Villenuve-Sur-Fere, Cour- mont, Passy-GriEny, Cuisles. Le Neuvflle- AMx Lnrris, Chaumuzy.
 "The right bank of the Marne 7 has been widely cleared. We have continued our advance for more than 16 kilometeres northeast of Chateau Thierry.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
AMERICANS ARRIVE IN ITALY

Army Italian the fighting the Italian front They this They being beted with the Italians
 and the fighting from the United States the satisfaction
 Swift of the military mission to Italy, the greet He had already The Italians greeted them with enthusiasm and splendid condition which the American soldiers Italians greatly oned when the bathing and then started of haseh
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

Tornelles LeFere and Ris forests and reaches the Marine near Dormans. From Dormans it follows the north bank of to the northeast and passes through the Roi and Courton woods, continues through the line of Bouilly. St. Eu- phraise and Vrigny and joins the old battle line near Coulommes Le- Mon- tagne
 BRITISH DRIVEN BACK
 The principal fighting of the past few days has taken place along the Oulchy-Le-Chateau, villemontoire and the Bouilly sectors At Villemontoire e the allies succeeded in pushing aheac slightly and near the Bouilly the Brit ish on Thursday began an attack that promised well. but it was stopped and the British were driven back slightly from tn tS advanced positions
 ! The fighting at Oulchy-Le-C Chateau and to the southeast through the wooded country has been steady and the Germans have been compelled to give ground but it has been a slow process that the allies have carried on in turning the enemy out of this sec tion and forcing them to withdraw toward Ferer En- -Tardenois.
 The situation on the interior of the 6erman SaHent must De uncomIortd pi for the enemy. Long range guns IF the hands of the allies are sweeping nearly every part of the salient and this fire is doubly severe over that portion of the German position which l is within range of the medium caliberei cannon. There is. however, little to justify the belief that the Germans are in serious straights. or that thei- retreat is being unduly hurried. There have been moreover. indications that the Germans may decide not to retreat
 eCestinued en Pass I've,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

While steady pressure is being main tained on the arc forming the bottom of the sack, the allies are determinedly hammering the Hanks where Won Boehn and yon Eben have concentr at- ed their armies, returning blow for blow in the hope that they can hold out until the main body of the Ger mans can be withdrawn with mini mum loss.
 Aerial operations were again Of less importance today on account of the weather It was cloudy all day and there were numerous showers, making lit impracticable to keep up the ob- servation balloons which usually mark both lines Occasionally both the all lies and the enemy attempted to use planes. but these in most cases were forced to descend on account of the rain.
 There is a growing belief that the enemy will make no effort to stand or the Ardre river. Fere- En- TardenoiA and even Vile En Tardenois directly east. are already under heavy fire from the Hanks and the south line, making the roads as well as the temporary railroads virtually useless for transport purposes. These positions must be al- most untenable.
 The Germans are doing their utmost
 ,o hold the high ground southeast of soissops for a continuation of their line e;tber along the Ardre or further north u,1ao ina Vaele
 WITHSTAND HUN EFFORTS The Hanks of the French, British and other armies are withstand!ng avery effort of the Germans. who ai near to be making most determined Effort south of Soissons. The line re mains much the same as 1t has been Tor the past two or three days. the only changes being slight advances. The hattle line now totals approximately 5O miles. although there is not actual fighting along every mile of 1t. and is a more broken one. made so by the character of the enemy's withdrawal especially on the south side
 The effect has been the presen ta- ton of a highly dangerous, sponSy front. into which any part of the aG : yancing allied line might fall Were if not for the hunting down of the enemy and cleaning out of points If obstruction. some parts of the line could be far in advance of where they are.
 The Germans have left officers who know how to maneuyer skilful1y par tially deserted units so that at times, it appears almost ironfcal to refer to
 their defence as rear guard action.
 It is just that. however; although oy
 any standard except those establish .d
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

"On the Champagne front the number of prisoners taken In the region south of Mont-Sans now exceeds 300, including nine of ficers.1
 "Eastern theatre. July P; In Albania. the day was marked by vigorous reactions. Enemy att tacks with strong forces north of the DevOli, on the lower Holta and south of that river near IzEyu- ba, were broken, the enemy leaving numerous dead on the ground.
 sIn the course of aerial fight ing during the day two enemy air planes were brought down.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
Allied Troops Pressing Hard On the Enemy $ Rear Guards, Have Steadily Advanced Their
 Lines, and Now Dominate New Villages
ALLIES HAVE LOST ALL CONTACT
 WITH KAISER'S FLEEING HORDES
Advance of 10 Miles Northeast of Chateau Thierry Is Reported and Right Bank of Marne Is Com
 petely Cleared of Enemy Forces
RETREAT ALONG WHOLE FRONT
By Associated Press

Pars July 27-The Germans today retreated along the whole front of the Marne the office announces tonight. <,
 French allied pressing hard the rear guards have reached the line of Bruyeres Vleneuve-Sur Fere, Courmont Passy-Grgny, Cuisles, Laneuvle and Chaumuzy
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
Paris to Receive Hoover

Paris, July 25.-The municipality or Paris will officially receive Herbert Hoover, the American food administra- tor, on August ?.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
BOTH SIDES APPEAR EXHAUSTED
By Associated Press

The battle between Soissons and Rheims said by eye wit to be the greatest the the western front have been fought such ferocy that both sides the moment apparently exhausted .sss
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28
GERMANS OUTRUNNING PURsUERS

GERMANS UUTKUNNINUP PUKSU ERS
 With the Army the Aisne Marne Front July 27
 v +be Associated French and Americans have rapid the northeast and the forest of Fere of the this afternoon The allied forces are losing contact with the Germans
 ENEMY UNABLE TO MAKE STAND
 With the French Army France, July 27(By the Aso- Press Undoubed signs apparent that the Germans are the entire region between the Marne and the Ourcq enemy has found virtually impossible to maintain himself the allies steady advance and bombardment.
 xass ALLIES ADVANCE 10 MILES
 July 27The allies have advanced more than i5 kI Approximately I0mes) northeast of Chateau Therry right the Marne has been widely cleared of the enemy says todays office announcement
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

in this war, the almost half daily and really minor encounters would be styled big battles
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-07-28

which may mark new line
Cayton's weekly. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1916-1921, 1918-12-28

again, would the Wilson interrogation ask,
eff those Negroes are but low specimens OF
the genus homo, how does it hapen that
half of the Negroes of your country are half
white and half black, the result of white
men cohabiting with colored women? If
those women are as low as you say they
are, why have the superior white men reared
families by them?" TO all these questions
we suspect Mr. Wilson would curtly reply,
eve, the white people Of the South thor
oughly understand the Negroes and we ac-
cord to them such treatment as seems to
us meet and proper for them-its our af-
fair, not yours
The European diplomats might be too dip
lomatic to say to Mr.. Wilson, "You are
president of the United States under cir
crmstances no less repulsve to the human
family than is Caranza president OF Mex
leo; and there are no more guarantees for
life, liberty and the pursuits of happiness in
the United States than in Mexico, but
second thought would occur to the Euro
pean diplomat and he would think it nn
wise to bring the United States Negro ques-
ton into the settlement of European al
fairs, and we over here should be satisfied
to have Europe safe for democracy and for
get all about the money-mad Americans, eX-
cept to borrow as much Of their money as
we can.
Cayton's weekly. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1916-1921, 1918-12-28
WE THANK YOU

Not so many Of the subscribers of Cay
toms Weekly responded to it's request that
they mail to the office the regular subscrip-
ton price, which would be considered
Christmas present from each one Of them,
as we had hoped would do, but quite
few did favorably respond and for the ia
vor we heartily thank you. Those who did
not respond did not do so because they are
any less loyal to Cayton's Weekly than
those who did do so, but it was due to
oversight. Many Of the readers of Cay
tons Weekly, since it was first published
were former readers of The Seattle Re-
publican, of which the editor hereof was
the publisher and to that publication were
loyal to it's dying day and if they do not pay
Just when we request them to do so, yet
they pay some time and oft times pay more
than they really owe. Cayton's Week. y,
like The Seattle Republican, loses few Of it's
subscribers and it is slowly increasing it's
number We thank you and each Of you
for your past patronage and take this oc-
casion to wish you a HAPPY New Year and
many Of them.
Cayton's weekly. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1916-1921, 1918-12-28
PRICE FIVE CENTS
CAYTON'S WEEKLY

Published every Saturday at Seattle, Washington
U. S. A.
interest Of equal rights and equal justice to
all men and for "all up
A publication of general information. but IN
the main voicing the sentiments of the Color ed
Citizens.
rates made to clubs and societies.
HORACE ROSCOE CAYTON. Editor and PuhltSher
Entred as second class matter. August 18, 1916 at
the post office Seattle Wash, under the Act OF
March 3rd 1916.
TE- EpFowE: BEACON 1910
Office 3O3 22nd Ave. South