South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-04-14

30. 1913. entitled O.53 a quart OF whole
milk a day; those born between Oct l. 1913 and sept
81, 1918 0.79 quart. little older got Only
SKINNED milk. Nursing mothers received special cards
for 0.26 OF quart
Persons over 70 We're allowed 500 grams Gil
pounds) Of food preparations weekly.
In the summer of 1917 the German, press devoted
more space 10 the problem Of supplying towns
with fruits and vegetables than 10 anythns else The
imperial fruit and vegetable office played cousp.c-
uous part
The fruit crop 1917 mediocre and the imperial
Office mad d hard struggle with fruit srowers. who
wanted TO make excessive profits the expense
sumers. In the fall 1t announced that great fat
winter. and that consequently jam would play n-
portant role. II ordered that apples pears or
plums could be solf in the German empire without
permission To sell them the open market required
license. The jam were supplied FIRST ana
jam was ratoned and 1t hoped that for nine
months every person would receive one ounce of Jam
daily But the manufacture plums into jam was
prohibited this fruit being made fruit Jelly under
government permission. by the war company for pre-
raIslns apricot kernels pine kernels almonds and
oed aPfcots were devoted to the needs OF the army
CAUSES SERIOUS DISTURBANCE
Al TINS I'uit resuIatlon involved serious disturb
ance TO both owners and consumers but considered
necessary Interference Later it was said that the
trult situation had improved somewhat
In September it announced that in the nnanufac-
ture Of jam the fruit might have with car
rots, pumpkins and beet root.
Vegetables became very scarce and the principal
varieties including cabbage savoys underground kohl
rabi' beet root and onions, could be compulsory ac-
]
monopOze the sale of vegetables
The oil mills were anna gamated by the war council
Tor the saving of coal and labor. that the
OF OH from oeaglncus fruits became too d 1t the
growers Entire crops with the exception of certain
seeds and grants had to be handed over This in
Guided hnseed seed. cole rape gold-o pleasure
mustard seed. hemp and sunfower
The oil from oil-producng fruits became an import
ant element in the fat supply of Germany winter
SSnihcant of the anxiety oil, and of general
shortage foodsufs was the announcement that the
collecting offices for foo1 kernels paying cash
soup cubes for various kernels and melon seeds Fruit
kernel oil was used for margarine
The war committee for oils and fats stated that the
collection Of bones was important during
perlod llOOO tons of bone fat were obtained. new
source of oil tomato seeds which were taken from
the tomatoes before preservng this was used as
table oil.
FORBIDDEN TO FORAGE"
Numerous complaints were made in Germany over
the increasing number Of urban people going
districts food ncity the population was
forbidden by the military authorities to DO this Never
theess people continued go out in the country
and take food forcibly. helping themselves the
standing fruit and vegetable often long before
these were ripe.
The obligation prove legal possession of food
stufts lay with the upon whom was found
Police officials and special constabes were empowered
to enter railway cars, ba gage offices and waiting
rooms search for food Food thievng reached such
extent that attachments soldiers were required
to protect fields near large towns.
Everywhere in Germany the authorities demanded
more vegetables. The company for sauer kraut
announced that in order to give the armies and
civilians the prescribed quantities exceptionally large
supplies or fresh vegetables required SaueI
kraut supply solely TIE hands of the company
The tea and coffee situation was still worse Sub
stutes at excessive prices appeared Another coffee
/ substitute asparagus seed, the parings OF
| Mass feeding had reached considerable development
last fall in Germany OF So cOmmunes with 10 O0C
! or inhabitants each-ol population o
26.7 miiOns-there only SO. communities without
mass feeding ARRANGEMENTS This sort of feedins in
Guided kitchens and factory Kitchens
Most towns provided only midday dinners
Some activities had been undertaken toward cheap
enng the food of the poorer ella sses many of the
towns including BerIn Leipzig and Madgeburg. gave
up the idea of such grading owing the difficulty
drawing just limit Munich, by voluntary contribu
tons, provided $4,000 families With cheapened
In some communities the incomes were graded
There were types of food tickets. Berlin anc
other towns the porters of the large blocks o.
fats in which almost everybody ives got the ticke
from the authorities and distributed them In som,
places the school children took them around But the
method becoming most general W As to compel eacl
family to get its own tickets at the l2ca office,
dates trouble encountered through forgery
and these tickets valid only in districts where
issued, so that II ticket holder NJ ade journey h
reported to the issuing authority surrendered al
tickets he held and got a removal certificate. Los
tickets entailed heavy fines.
SIMPLEST FOOD TTCBET.
The simplest form Of German food ticket was a bool
with detachable coupons non transferable which rep
coupons for all articles; but on ma King each pur
chase the whole book was handed TO the traJesuan
who detached the proper coupon. These he exchange
at the local control office for permits restocb
This simple system. however was beng replaced %.
more complicated owing TO the increasing scarc
OF milk fats. potatoes, and other foe IS The pur
chaser required 10 register a .'Jstomer of
particular shop. Frequently he had lace his orde
a week in advance, and stocks were suppIie
in exact proportion to the number registered Gus
TONERS. A number assigned each customer
and tradesmen announced in their window what mum
bers would be served particular hours. This tickle
system has undoubtedly saved the nation from earl
defeat by reducing consumption to the minimum.
The food shortage in Germany has hal a seriou
effect the public health. IN the OF l9I
numerous reports appeared in the newspapers show
ing the prevalence Of dysentery and widespread nts
final catarrh These diseases result Of indi
gestible foojstufs. and from badly mlled and poor