davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

route than it would be in a direct flight
across to Ireland The Azores has VOL
cano 1000 feet high, visible at fifty-six
miles from the deck of ship and at
greater distance from an airplane, which
would also simplify the trip. The long
est single flight would be one of 1850
miles, from St. Johns to the Azores.
From the Azores to Portugal is 700 miles.
According to Henry Woodhouse,
governor of the Aero Club, there are
three routes for a transatlantic fight
and six ways in which it could be at
tempted. aerial Age" in its current
issue, quotes him as follows:
"The first is by means Of large aeroplanes
capable OF flying 5000 miles from this coun-
try to ireland without stopping. The con-
structlon of such planes is considered pos
sible by prominent aeropane manufacturers.
These aeroplanes would fly at great height
and take advantage Of the trade winds.
Their speed would be about 100 miles an
hour, and they could make the trip in about
thirty hours.
The second way would be by means Of
hyins boats, or hydroaeroplanes, starting
from New York and flying to Ireland. stop
ping to take fuel from ships every 300 miles
along the route. These would be ships fol-
lowing tnelr usual course across the At
lantic. The aeroplane pilot should know the
route and approximate speed of the shin,
leaving the harbor, and the ships should ex-
pect possible visit from the aeroplane.
'Ihe third plan would be by land planes.
large or small, starting from Newfoundland
and flying to Ireland, distance Of 200
miles, without stopping. The construc-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

several minutes assembling these data sep
aratey. BY the time they were assembled
his machine might be ten or fifteen miles
from where it was at the beginning Of the
calculation, go that the result was neces-
sarily crude. Dr. Poor's instrument is an
automatic calculator which finds out all the
pilot needs to know about his position, and
works out the problem mechanically"
Mr.. Workman proposes that the air
planes should fly across the Atlantic with
a full crew and complete load of bombs
and other equipment. His plan would
have the first lap Of the flight from the
alrplane factory to Newfoundland. the
second to the Azores, the third TO Portu
gal and the fourth to France. While
great construction work and organiza-
ton would be required at Newfoundland
and at the Azores, Mr.. Workman as
serted that this part of the programme
was no insuperable obstacle.
He was quite certain, he said. that the
flier, aided by wireless Instruments, able
to detect the distance of wireless waves
from stations on the Azores and else
where, which would be practically light
houses for aerial navigation, would be in
no danger of getting lost or losing much
time through flying off his course. Mr..
Workman chose the Azores route, he ex
planned, not only because it broke the
flight into two sections, allowing the avi-
ator to rest, sleep and tune up his ma
chine, but also because the atmosphere
was normally clearer by the southern
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
Writing Of transatlantic flight, "Aerial

Age" observes:
"The proposed transatlantic fight of the
Curtiss aeroplane America was under prepa-
ration when the war started in 1914. Since
then development of aerial navigation de-
vices, as we'll as the education of air pilots
for. successful over-water flight, has ad-
vanced so that the project presents few of
the difficulties which it did in 1914. The
most difficult problem that was considered as
facing the pilot of the America on it's pro-
posed trip was that Of keeping posted on his
latitude and longitude and steering a course
SO as to avoid great deviation, which might
cause him to run out of fuel while on his
way to the Azores.
"The matter of keeping to course has
been almost entirely solved by the invention
of q radio receiving instrument by which II
is possible to tell the exact direction from
which radio waves are given forth. This
has been adapted to acropianes, and an afr
navigator, with an instrument tuned to re-
ceive messages from point in America and
point IN Europe, would always be in
possession of a fixed point to steer by.
"Professor Charles Lane Poor. professor
of celestial mechanics at Columbia Univer-
sity, working on the problem at the request
Of the Aero Club, had invented q so-called
position line indicator which sifnplifies
some Of the other problems OF air navira
tors. The difficulty hitherto for an air pilot
has been to make his calculations of pos
ton quickly enough to benefit him.
can air pilot who needed to know his
distance from given point the direc.
ton of his flight, the angle Of ascent or
descent Of his machine, his altitude and
other factors necessary in accurately
correcting his course has had to spend
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
Switzerland-Where the
Homeless Flock

CARL w. ACKERMAN, writing in
~ "The Saturday Evening Post"
gives this picture Of Switzerland in war
time:
Generally speaking, Switzerland is the
home for every one in Europe without
home. Exilcs, reyolutionists, anarchists,
refugees, deserters, capitalists. ex-kinxs
and ex-convicts, pro- German Americans.
anti-German Austrians, former ministers Of
state, war-rich spectators and war-weary
loafers saunter through the crowded streets
of Berne, Zurich and Geneva, cross their
knees under the clothless tables Of the
cafes and argue the war to an end al thew
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
Who Has a Right to the
Whale?
THE recent stranding Of a dyin

THE recent stranding Of a dying
whale on the Great South Beach Of
Long Island, nearly opposite the village
of Bellport, has recalled some forgotten
facts in the early history Of New York,
and has also given rise to some interest
ing questions of law.
The great mammal was sperm-whsls
FORTY feet long and estimated t. weigh
twelve tons. Unlike the right whales,
which have whalebone in the mouth In.
stead of teeth, the sperm whales srs
armed with powerful teeth on the lower
Jaw; this specimen was exceptional in
having also six we'll developed teeth in
the upper jaw. The coast guard men at
the bellport station took possession Of
the whale and tried out the blubber. No
one seems to have questioned their right
to do this, although the New York law
requires persons having custody Of "any
goods or other property cast by the seq
upon the land" 20 deliver the same with.
IN forty-eight hours to the sheriff or one
~ VIC COIOlleTS OF WrecK-maSCerS Oh Liz
county in which such property is found.
Perhaps Che coast guard men did not re-
gard the whale as property within the
meaning Of the statute.
Drlft whales were common
enough two hundred years ago to be the
subject of frequent legislation in the COL
ony. The law, however, has always re.
ognized the paramount property right OF
the person who kills whale. The courts
OF admiralty Of the United States ho'a
that property is acquired in whale oy
Killing, capturing and marking it, ever
II 1t be temporarily abandoned thereaf"'
and left floating in the ocean. BY usass
among American whalers a whale o.
longs to the crew which FIRST harpoons "
and this rule has received the sarctseh
OF the courts. 1t is expressed by What's
men in the saying: "The iron holds sas
whale. From jfunsey's Mogasias.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

to enter the army where she fought as
an Ordinary soldier for three years,
much of the time without being recog-
nized as a woman. After the country
became demoralized a year ago, and
while Kerensky was endeavoring to
maintain some shadow Of order, she
conceived the idea of organizing the
Battalion of Death, convinced that Rus.
sian women had it in their power to
shame the men into fighting. Nina
Botchkarova is in this country It -
present time.-Fron Asss.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
Improving on Sand
BAGS

S6VX7rDE WORLD" describes = body
w shield in. use in the italian
army:
early in the war Il was discovered by
in skirmishing at close quarters If the SOL
diers carried or pushed bags Of sand in
front Of them, and the present body-shield
has been an outgrowth Of the idea. They
are made in the one-man and two-man tyne.
The former are worn by infantry advancing
In the open. attached to, the shoulders by :
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

"HE most famous architectural
monument in Rumania is the
Il. Cathedral Of Curtea de Argos,
says G. c. Williamson in Land
and Water" and he goes on to tell some
thing of it's history and architecture:
''Thc Cathedral was founded in 1877 by
Prince Nagul and his wife, Despine. Of Ser
bia, continued by his successor and son, The
odosius, but completed by RaduI d'Afumati.
the voivede Of Wallachia, who, with the sid
Of the Hunsarians, defeated the Turks IN
1922.
''Of the original building, little save che
wallis and the tonbs Of the founders and
their successors now remains, and Of the
accessories and treasures with which Des-
pima enriched it still less, but ait It's archi-
lecture Is Of the deepest interest because Il
belongs TO many successive periods, and
because IL lie 80 very nationsl in It's strange
Byzantine-cum- Moorish characteristics.
ain the convent Of Krusedol Is still pre-
sserved--or was when visited 1.-THE collar
of a chasuble wrought by Despina and her
four children for the cathedral and complet-
ed on June Is, 1919, as the nesdleworI In
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

attempts, mostly At variance with each
other, to answer this question, and I, being
neither, shall not attempt It. They speak
Arabic, of course, and If they have ever
spoken another tongue they have forgot
ten it. Yet they do not resemble Arabs,
except in occasional single features, as per-
sons of our own race may. They are neither
very dark nor very fair, though some of
the children are tow-headed. Their hair
is usually brown and wavy. but I have seen
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

red and sandy types. Brown eyes and
gray are usual, blue eyes not uncommon
among them. In a word, they resemble the
finer types of our own race. They are,
moreover, homogeneous; their women 70
about wearing long white veil which
falls down the back from tall head dress
bound with circlets of pendant coins. The
veil Is drawn over the mouth only in the
presence Of Mosiems or of those suspected
Of being such. A widow with q minor son
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

may speak and vote In the village council,
4 degree Of woman's rights unheard Of
among other peoples in the Nearer East,
and on par with customs only recently
introduced in the West.
"From where do they come? for they
have been in the Hauran only little more
than half a century. From the northeast,
they will tell you, and you may prove
their statement true, in part at least, for
there are remnants of older settlements of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07

whose race never has been satisfactorily
determined. "a wonderful race" How
ard Crosby Butler calls it-writing in
"Scribner's"-but to the question, What
race? he replies:
mo one really knows. Several learned
ethnologists and anthropologists have made
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
Rumania's National Shrine

pair OF tight steel arms. and sre long
enough to protect the head and vital organs
Of man standing erect. Lying At full
length, or even crouched, IL covers him COM
pletely. Each shield 10 pierced with q small
round eye.hole and on oblong loopholc for
firing from, both Of which may be closed
by sliding door when not In use. The
two-man shield is principally used in wire
cutting. 1t Is carried on tho back Of ono
man, who may also work his rife from q
loophole in the top, while a second man
works long wire-cutter through hole at
che bottom. It is held up bx short legs II
the first man desires to move indcpend-
entity"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-07
The Commander of the
Famous battalion of
Death"

NINE. BOTCHKAROvA was born
AVA in Siberia Of peasant parents,
Her husband was killed early in ths
war, and after his death she nansesd
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06

"0hs what's the use?"ssThat phrase
has been used So much that gang poll
ticians traded an it and from the
reports they received from their
workers could figure, and much closer
than we would ever imagine on a.
percentage basis as to who would
come out to vote and who wouldn't.
Then again, when we would go to
vote, somebody who knew us would
ask, "Do you mind giving Mr.. Jones
vote; he's a neighbor of ours and
he's a good fellow?" And Jones, be-
ing a neighbor and a good fellow,
we give him vote.
~ Mr.. Jones goodness is confined to
the way he serves the gang who NOM
mated him, not the community whom
he is supposed to represent.
Here is the result. We have our
taxes or rent raised, due to improve
ments costing anywhere from SO to
200 per cent. above cost and the pol
iticians have shooting lodges just
because Mr.. Jones is neighbor of
ours and a good fellow.
% Good fellow, the dickens! We are
the good fellows.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
SAVING AND SAVING AND LEND
nss ING.

/ Sir William Goode, of the British
Food Ministry, says that from July,
1917, to April, 1918, the United
States exported to the allies S0,000,-
900 bushels of wheat products. Of
this it is asserted that 50,000,000
bushels represented voluntary sacri-
fees by the American people in their
consumption of wheat.
There is a triple economy, a triple
aspect to this saving of wheat. 1t
saved wheat for our Army and the
armies of our allies; it saved money
to the American people, and for the
most part this money went for the
purchase of Government war securi-
ties.
There is another saving still; this
sort of sacrifice and economy is help
ing win the WARMTH the resultant
saving of soldiers lives.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
A Baseball Fans War Dope.

An enthusiastic baseball patron,
en- route to France, wrote to friend
Just before his departure:
"Well, I have> signed UP to play
with the Sammies of the Allied
League. We are booked for a series
of games with the Huns of the As
sassination League on their home
grounds hear they play dirty base
ball, and don't live up to the regula-
tions-they use square bats and the
emery ball, and some of the stuff
they pull is pretty raw. They have a
guy named Bill Satan and another
bird called Hindenburg as managers,
and are a bad lot.
"The series comes off at Berlin
some time next fall, and we're going
to win in a walk. Those birds won't
even have a ball park left to play in.
The Huns are using up their best
pitchers now, and soon they won't
have anything left but their gloves
and they're doomed to the same fate
of the Federal League. and yon know
what happened, to it."
A pretty good line of dope, if any
body should ask you, though high
brow war expert might phrase it
more elegantly.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
UNIQUE ENTEQ4AQnENTG IVEN]
By cHGRs y0n ms

According to an annual custom,
the members kOf the Young People s.
Missionary Society of the Methodist
Church entertained the members of
the Adult Society, Friday afternoon.
The meeting was on the lawn at
the home of Mrs. Henry "A. Power.
and was largely attended.
After all had assembled the guests
were seated in groups of six from the
Womens Auxiliary and one member
from the Girls Society.
After brief opening exercises, Miss
Vella Mastin, president, announced
that the program would consist of
progressive short talks given by the
girls. each one to entertain. her group
with "a missionary topic. until bell
was tapped, when each group would
move forward. ,.'.f,>.~.
This proved to be most delightful
idea, as the little talks were given In
a charming manner, and included in
formation and interesting bits Of his
tory regarding the missionary work
that has been accomplished in for
eign fields+China, Japan and Korea,
and also on the Mexican border.
The young women who thus enter
tanned theix elders were: Misses
Sara Power, Frances Hancock, Eliza
beth Snapp, Maude Taylor, Edna
Snapp and Mrs. Elizabeth Mann
Carr. p TX,
After, the conclusion of this feature
of the entertainment, Miss Sara
Power recited verse about a
"Blackbird Pie" which seemed some
what prevalent until she announced
that as one of their members, Miss
Frances Hancock, has signified her in
tention of enlisting in missionary
work, "pie" had been prepared for
her.
It was brought out by Miss Edna
Snapp and Miss Miriam Galloway,
and appeared to be triumph OF Gull
mary skill, surmounted by more than
the, proverbial "four-and-twenty
blackbirds." each with an appropr1-
ate sentiment written on his back.
when the pie was opened" by Miss.
Hancock, it was found to be indeed
dainty DISH" as it contained large
number of beautiful gifts prepared by
loving hands for the use OF their
companion who has endeared herself
to a large circle of friends by her
charming sincerity, her pleasing
manner and deep conservation. She
is a devoted member of the church,
the Sunday School, the Epworth
League and the Missionary Society,
and will be greatly missed in all OF
these activities when she leaves soon
to begin her training at the Scarrett
Bible School in Kansas City.
The prayers and best wishes OF her,
friends will follow this dear girl
wherever she goes.
Mrs. Power and daughter served
dainty refreshments and the occasion
will long be remembered.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
F0ODgExPEW 70 1FrXr STOCK
BREEpE n LEXINGTON.

c. E. Yancey, OF. Missouri, recently
appointed United States Meat Pro-
duction expert by Herbert Hoover,
will arrive in Lexington, August II,
to speak at great mass meeting
of 1000 picked men from Kentucky,
all of them experts in meat produc-
ton.
The meeting is under the auspices
of the Extension Division of the Col
fege of Agriculture Of the University
of Kentucky and elaborate plans are
being made for the meeting on Aug.
II, and the entertainment !. of the
food experts;
q ME-. Yancytis one of the prominent
cattle dealers of the country and an
authority on all meat production.
Business of great Importance to all
producers and consumers and buyers
will be: transacted at this meeting,
The meeting will directly and indi7
rectly affect all persons in Kentucky.
r., The, price of hogs and cattle, ac-
cording to- grade and weight, will be
-fiexed at this meeting.
Special invitations are. being pre-
pared to be sent to the guests at this
meeting.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
COLORED SCHOOLS GAIN IN
BUILDING PROGRAM

FRANKFORT, KY, Aug. s.
Probably forty one-room and ten
two-room teacher colored schools will
be built in Kentucky this year by
reason of State Supt. V. o. Gilbert's
success in securing $4,000 of the
Rosenwald fund for building colored
schools for the State.
This fund is administered by the
Tuskegee Institute. For one-teacher
rural schools the fund allows $400
and for two-teacher schools $500. The
balance, $500 to $500, must be fur
nished by the county board or the
community.
Many Kentucky counties are hav-
ing difficulty in building schools for
either white or colored children, and
the situation is particularly bad with
reference to accommodation for the
colored pupils.
The buildings must be erected &C
cordin8 to specifications stipulated by
the fund under supervision of a resi-
dent representative. Supt. Gilbert
has appointed F. M. Wood, of Paris,
a leading colored educator, now Prin-
cipal of the Paris Colored School, to
supervise the building. Next year,
perhaps, as many more schools will
be built.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
SIXcNEW ARMY DIVISIONS. ARE
- . So FORMED.

WASHINGTON, D.. c.. Aug. s.
Gen, March announced. the forma-.
ton in the United States OF SIX more
divisions, numbered from 10 TO ~,
and to be located at Camps Logan,
Tex Kearney, Cal; BeaureSard,
La. Travis, Tex; Dodge, Iowa, and
Sewer, S. G. As in the case OF the
six divisions announced last week,
these will be built around two regu-
lar infantry regiments in each case.
Cen. March announced also the
conversion of fifteen National Army
cavalry regiments, numbered from
3O1 to 315, into field artillery. These
will comprise part of the artillery
units for the new divisions.
The Chief of Staff said that in car
rying out the new policy of zone
army" the War Department intends
to put the letters gu. ST." heretofore
reserved for the Regulars, on the Col
lar of every man serving in the mill
tary forces of the United States.
The subdesignations of IN. g., for
National Guard, and IN. A." for Ma
tional Army, will be abandoned. In
the same connection Gen. March an
|nounced that the twelve Major Cen
erals and the thirty-six Brigadiers
necessary for the new divisions will
be selected from all elements of the
service.
This statement was taken to mean
that both National Guard and Ma
tional Army officers hereafter win be
eligible for promotion to the rank OF
general officers, even in the Regular
Army divisions.
In response to a question Gen.
March said that where a division
commander was selected to be tenn
porary corps commander, the COM
mand of his division passed to the
senior Brigadier. He had no informa-
ton as to the location at present Of
the seth National Army division.
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
-
%
-
q (
EDITORIAL MUSINGS.
l~.>.~>>>>>>>>>>>
Would Prove Injurious.

The Retail Trade Board of the Bos-
&rzn Chamber of Commerce question
al the wisdom of the proposal of the
aSuncl of National Defense to con-
saMEt a propaganda to discourage the
giving of merchandise as Christmas
xEesents.
Several weeks ago the Council of
Zzztsonal Defense suggested, that as
u War economy measure, a campaign
fbe conducted against the usual
christmas custom of giving presents.
VIA propesal met with strong pro-
Tss1 I'm all parts of the country, and
Szhs merchants are HOPEFUL that the
xxoposaI will be abandoned.
IA q letter addressed to the Council
:. s4 National Defense the Retail Trade
BSzrd points out that during the past
Eew years Christmas giving has been
1snnned almost entirely to practical
and useful things. The stores rarely,
~ ever, carry any merchandise that
- not carried throughout the year.
Tins year, due to the curtailing of
Axoduction of luxuries and non-essen-
mails, there is every reason to believe
xkz1 Christmas giving will be con-
6aed more closely than ever before
xfu useful merchandise. Under those
s3nditsons the merchants of Boston
xeeI that any measure to discourage
Z Christmas giving will not bring re-
= suits sufficient to compensate the loss
al BUSINESS, and that the effect upon
' fzse morale of the people of such a
-r1zdscai change of custom would be
gHlurious
The Bourbon news. [volume] (Paris, Ky.) 1895-19??, 1918-08-06
"A Mighty Change of Opinion.

Six years ago last January, Frank
He Hitchcock, Postmaster General in
HAeEabinet of President Taft, recon-
szeanded national ownership of all
Ssagraph lines, the New York World
7rscz12s n He was promptly repudiated
Ety his superiors and his party, and
Es1r a time it was thought that he
slight be forced to resign his posi-
xs0n- His successor in Office, Albert
a. Burleson, advocated the same pol
Sry for FIVE years, meeting nothing
2sut fierce opposition.
Now under the stress of war 8
we md a recommendation by Mr..
Bgrleson, supported by the Presi-
7se1t, that the government take over
The telegraphs and telephones &C
n0epted almost everywhere by the peo-
1se as logical and necessary.
The American people are pledged
40 win the war at any cost. AS they
are sacrificing life and treasure to
'zhxt end, so will they surrender, If
need be, many theories and traditions
40 which they have tightly held.
Whether the great denunciation in
xhese matters is to be permanent or
sDn1y temporary, like our vast arma-
xneats and almost incredible expen-
JEitures, must be left to time and ex-
Nerience.