davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13
How Serbia Tried
IL to Help Her

Bulgaria seems to feel no sort of obliga-
ton whatever for benefits received. 1t is,
OF course. all a part of her vaunted "real-
ist' policy, which recognizes no law but
that of material advantage. In view of
her bestial treatment of the Serbs in the
past three years it is illuminating to recall
the attitude of Serbia toward Bulgaria. in
the days when the Serbs by their own
pluck and energy had regained their liberty
and the Bulgars still lay supine under the
Turkish heel. No sooner had Serbia made
for herself an independent footing mod
est enough in all conscience, and full of
diffcultes-than she began to try to i'm
prove the lot of her oppressed fellow
Slavs on all sides.
In those days the Bulgars were glad
enough to call themselves Slavs, since it
only from the Slavs that they could
hope for relief; and the Serbs were as
ready to aid them as to aid their own. 1t
was not Serba's fault, but Austria's, that
the union of Serbia and Bulgaria planned
in 1867 by Prince Michael of Serbia and
his great Premier, Garachanin, with the
Bulgarian Committee at Bucharest, was
not allowed to materialize. Serbia was as
eager for it as the Bulgars, ana the terms
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

of the union provided absolute equality
for both states, in spite of the fact that
on Serbia, as the only Independent state
of the two, must fall the brunt Of the
struggle for the release of Bulgaria from
Turkey and the establishment of the union
Though Austria Hungary strangled that
project, the Serbs did not cease the.S
efforts on behalf of Bulgaria and thew
met in the end with the inevitable be-
trayal. Bulgarian refugees fled constantly
into Serbia from the Turks Serbia
formed them into volunteer regiments
drilled and armed them and prepared them
to take their share in the liberation of
their country. No sooner had these regi-
ments crossed the border into Bulgaria,
nominally on their way to help release
their people, than they gave themselves
up to the Turks, with all the arms and
equipment they had received from Serbia
without striking a blow on their own be-
half! The recent surrender to the Allies
is thus by means without it's precedent
in Bulgarian history.
Again, in 1896, when Bulgaria had al
ready received her independence ready
made at the hands of Russia, an agreement
was made between the Serbian and the
Bulgarian governments with view to
concerted action at Constantinople on be-
half of the Slav populations still under
Turkish rule. Scarcely was the ink drv
on the agreement when the Bulgars sold it
to Turkey for the price of three new Bull
garian (Exarchist) bishoprics in Mace
donna, l. e., three new means of pushing
Bulgarian political propaganda there at
the expense Of the Serbs.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

perative the dictates of Christian law
and morality, it will be of lasting value
and they will buy bonds even after they
have left the theatre and forgotten me and
my talk. 1t is only the spiritual appeal
that has any permanent value. The emo
tonal appeal is transient and in five min
utes is totally obliterated"
Mr.. Thomas has sold as many as $4,000
worth of bonds in five-minute intermis-
sion. 1t is an ingenious method he en-
ploys, yet there is force more potent
than mere ingenuity. Perhaps it is en-
gendered in the conclusion of his talk:
"Children, keep perfectly still minute,
every one of you," he admonishes in
hushed voice. And from orchestra pit TO
topmost gallery the house holds a breath
less silence. There, don't you feel it >"
he whispers, don't you feel that vibra
ton, that invisible something. that i'm.
pulse--to buy bonds?"
The audience chuckles in merriment I'm.
underneath that merriment, in the momen.
of great stiffness, an ndefinable maonetic
current is generated. 1t is the quiet ear
nestness and sincerity in the verv soul Of
this man reaching out to all persons in the
audience, actuating them to fulfil their nm.
questionable obligations as citizens Of Tho
United States.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

principle of modern constitutions by
Anglo SaXons.
"The third is the independent or self
developing system of law by which the
people assembled as court Of law and
themselves interpreted, modified and en-
forced the laws of the land"
The absolute justice of this impartial
statement by Mr.. Thomas has resulted in
thousands of dollars worth Of subscrip-
tions from great body of loyal German
Americans.
When questioned about definite rules for
speaking on the Liberty Loan, Mr. Thomas
replied, ut is necessary always to be thor
oughly earnest and sincere.
81 feel that it is superfuous to resort to
the popular method of reciting German
atrocities or even telling in detail what
the boys are doing on the other side
always infer that my audience is intelli-
gent. They know all those things. They
read those things every day. Why should
| distress them with q reteration
But most of ALL" Mr.. Thomas added, 81
feel that it is important to make spirit
nal appeal. I always try to make MY
audience see this thing in the light of
moral obligation. If I can impel them to
share in my spiritual conviction that this
loan is moral responsibility, just as i'm
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13
For Years He Had Been Boastino
That Serbia Was
Dead
By E. M. Chadwick

JLGARIA has collapsed: not alone
X through the general Allied press
- ure, not through the lack of Ger
man reinforcements, nor through
dissatisfaction among the people. The
Allied pressure had hardly begun when
the Bulgars fell on their Knees and begged
FOR peace. AS for renforcements, Serbia
IN 1915 was infinitely more hard pressed,
and more utterly alone, with the Austro-
German hosts before her and The Buless
snifc in her BACK; and YET fashitch could
fling back the peace offer in the teeth of
his enemies with that superb reply of his:
at is better to die in beauty than to live
in shame: We fight"
1t is something more than all these
things that has caused Bulgaria to throw
up the sponge. If there is no more fight
in her armies it is because the Bulgar ma,
seen ghosts and they have frightened him.
For the last three years Bulgaria has
been shouting from the housetops. through
the lips OF her public men, through her
newspapers and through every other avail
able voice. that Serbia is dead and can
never be revived She has declared that
there is no longer any place for Serbia in
the map of Europe. Did not Radoslavoff
say only last February: SERBIA no longer
exists and she gives no anxiety? And
did not the Emperor William promise at
Nish that Bulgaria will inherit all the
booty OF annihilated Serbia? Indeed,
she has inherited it. She has spent the
last three years gorging on it, secure in
the thought of Teutonic supremacy and
the conviction that the pitiful remnant of
the Serbian army which survived the hell
of the Albanian retreat would never be
able to take revenge. But, despite all the
devilish ingenuity employed in doing her
10 death-and no one of the revaged lands
Of Europe can show so deliberate de-
struction of the race. that owned it-Ser-
ba is not annihilated. The spirit that
illumines all her tragic history is not a
fame that mortal hands can extinguish,
but part of the impershable heritage of
the world
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13
I Tse a Man, Then Stab
~ Him in the Back

The whole business shows. indeed re
alst policy run mad, claiming at every
turn advantage for itself, while refusing
to recognize the right of any other part
to any advantage whatever. even in paymen,
of services rendered. 1t arrogates to itsel
the right to use a man and then stab him IL,
the back.
How is any reliance to be placed in A
people like this? How can we expect not
to be fooled and bedevilled in the future a.
in the past if in our relations with Bulgaria
we fail to remember that hers is men
tally distinct from ours?
The fundamental point which must he
borne in mind in every attempt either to
understand or to deal with Bulgaria is that
she acknowledges no moral law for nations
and that her sole guiding principle is her
own material advantage
AS she has just betrayed the Central
Powers at the first breath of defeat. so she
will assuredly betray US in our turn when
ever she deems it to her advantage. The
only way to keep her out of mischief is to
dlsarm her and take control of every means
whereby she might work US harm.
1t is, indeed, an uncivilized spirit that
relgns IN Bulgaria. One is sometimes
tempted to wonder whether she can ever
civilize herself. The Virtues" of thrift and
industry, which the pro-Bulgars so loudly
claim for her, no evidence of civiliza-
ton, limited they are to purely material
well-being, and divorced from all those ideal
aspirations which alone sanctify either
thrift or industry. The Bulgars have
changed little enough since the days when
a Chinese historian wrote of the~ Hun
nlsh ancestors in pre-Christian times:
When they have the advantage they ad-
vance; when they have not the ADVANTAGE
they retire; they are not ashamed TO fee.
but when they retain the advantage they
recognize neither custom nor justice.
They respect strength and energy they de
splse age and Weakness"
The least we can do to help them is to
demonstrate clearly that their outlook is
intolerable at this stage of the worlds de
velopment.
Nemesis in most fitting guise has over
taken Bulgaria at last and given her fate
into the hands of the Allies For tn, So
curlty of all we hold sacred let us. in dis
posing of Bulgaria's future, remember Bul-
gara's past.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

1t Will be we'll to keep him there, with his
hands up, until peace is signed, The nm.
conditional surrender signed by the Bull
garian chiefs provides for the comnlete
disarming of the country Yet at the
same time one hears rumors and specu]a.
tlons as to the likelihood of the Bulrars
oe'ng invited to join the Allied forces
against the Turks. 1t is hardly probable
mat after all that has happened the Allies
would take such risk. A Bulgar with
arms IN his hand is at present menace
- |1HAlss.9""- For our own security
ABOVE all Tor the security of our faithful
Balkan friends, who have taken so heroic
share in the long conflict with so little
support there could be no traffic of this
KIND. 1t is not possible to trust Bulgaria.
1t never has been possible, and those who
have'trled it have one and all, paid heav
liy tor the experiment.. 1t is as useless to
imagine that We can count on Bulgaria to
fulfil any undertaking that docs not please
her as 1T is to put faith in the Prussians.
The path of her history is strewn with
eVaded treaties, treacheries, ingratitudcs
and hes. Never have the great powers
taken more trouble on behalf of a small
nation than for Bulgaria, yet there is not
one OF them whose hand she has not bitten
sooner or later
1t may be useful, in these coming
months, to remember Bulgarla.s methods
with her friends.
She owes her very existence to Russie
and so long as there was ANYTHING TO he
got out of it she pleaded her Slav blood
tslight though it isl as a claim to Russian
sympathles. Having used Russia to secure
ner release from Turkey, and decided that
there was more to be gained in future
from leu5onlc than from a Slav alliance,
she threw the whole Slav connection over
board and turned to Austria Hungary. Her
excuse was the fear that Russia would
absorb her on her way to Constantinople.
The fact is that while Russia in the mast
certainly worked to establish Slav as
against Austrian influence in the Balkans.
she consistently treated Bulgaria better
than the other Slav states If one Balkan
state had to be sacrificed for the advan
tage of another, it was always Bulgaria
who came off best when Russia could COM
pass 1t. Bulgaria, indeed, owes Russia far
more than her mere freedom; yet in the
early days of her participation in the
great war the Sofia papers were filled with
brutal gibes at Russias amazed disap-
polntment over the step she had taken
In the same way she turned on England,
regardless of Gladstones tremendous
efforts on her behalf and of the vast
amount of help, sympathy and backing of,
all kinds that she has had from England
and the English. Even the ant-British
invective of the German press pales into
hos <bo
Bulgaria at her British benefactors.
France, too, in spite of her ancient friend
illness to Bulgaria, in spite of Victor Hugo,
who did in France what Gladstone did in
England; in spite of her repeated efforts to
improve the wretched condition of the Bull
gars in the days of the Turkish rule
France, too, has come in for her share of
mudslinging
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13
Augustus Thomas, Liberty Bond Salesman

and bonds; then I display some perfectly
valueless bonds I have in a motion picture
company No." he retracted, ~ forgot, I
didn't show them tonight. I carelessly
left them in my overcoat pocket and my
overcoat was back-stage somewhere but
told the folks out there what they were
Then with another simple explanation
showed them some bonds that were of real
value. They were Liberty bonds" he
added emphatically. "By chance did
leave those in my overcoat pocket" and he
thrust hand into an inner pocket to re-
assure himself.
"After carefully explaining the bonds in
clear, simple language, I ask them to buy
bonds if they have not already done so,
and-well-that's ALI"
But Mr.. Thomas neglected to explain
his method Of asking the audience to buy
bonds.
1t is undoubtedly the penetrating ntui-
tion Of the man. supplemented by his wide
and thorough knowledge Of human psy
chology, that accounts for the universal
response he invariably arouses. He speaks
intimately to his audience with sincere
and almost tender regard, gently calling
them "children." He inspires their conf
dence by relating little personal incidents
of the third loan.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13
The Centrist Horizon

A The recent convention of tho
German Catholic or Centrist party
the following programme was drawn VI.
which is said to represent the views Of
all the Centrists, the party which has the
largest number of representatives in the
Reichstag:
Loyalty to the empire and loyalty 70
the Fatherland. Preservation of the federal
character of the empire
2-Mantenance of a powerful monarchy
and strong representation Of the people.
3-Popular ana free development of the
constitution.
4-Guarantee of the development of Ger
manys world position in the political. cul-
tural and economic sense
5-Creation of a colonial empire sufficient
for Germany's economic needs. Fyrtherinc
all possible means for Christianizinc all the
natives.
6-Education of the people for better
understanding of our foreign policy.
Iteration and execution of interna-
tional laws CORES pondng to Christian prin
ciples. Complete independence of the Hol,,
See.
Maintenance and strengthening Of
Christian Kultur and German ideals of edu
cation.
9-Furtherance of the harmony between
State and Church; struggle against the
separation Of the two from each other.
Freedom of the Church and Church orpan-
lzations, especially of Catholic orders and
congregations.
lo-Toleration for all religious confes
sions.
Maintenance of parochial people
schools. Guarantee of religious instruction
in all public schools
lz-Protection of marriage and the fam
n.y. condemnation. of divorces
1"-The annulment of all laws in regard
to compulsory dues
l4-Protection of national trades
1o-Guarantee of economic reconstruct,
after the war.
Reconstruction of all industries and
trades affected by the war.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

Then he explains that a great MANY peo-
pie have not bought bonds because of I'M
certainty about some things; perhaps it is
uncertainty about the bond itself, or an
uncertainty to whether they can afford
it, or an uncertainty whether every one else
is buying them. Then he questions his
audience, "How many have bought bonds :?
How many have bought fourth Liberty
bonds ?"
But it is not aggressive or peremptoyy
questioning. 1t is civil and courteous. 1t
invites instant reply and wins over the
hesitant bond buyers.
Mr.. Thomas never fails to appeal to the
German Americans in the audience, an ele-
ment the average speaker d;sregards
Usually he quotes from history of the
Middle Ages by George Burton Adams pro-
lessor of history at Yale University, citing
a special chapter entitled, What the Ger
mans Have Added to Civilization"
There are three elements added by the
Germans, out of which intervening CEN
turtles have developed modern free consti-
tutional governments. The first of these
is the public assembly, which is the origi-
nal germ of our modern free legislatures.
1.-THE second is the elective monarchy.
which developed into the fundamental
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

that alliance, it was possible at last to lib
crate Macedonia. No other state would
have helped US to save it from its then
masters, and we could not do it alone. And
if Macedonia had not been taken by the
Serbs it would not have been possible for
Us to liberate it,
What need Of further condemnation.
So much for earlier evidence of the
Bulgarian mentality. Let US bear in mind,
however, that in her performances since
1914 Bulgaria has surpassed even the rec
ores Of the Balkan wars. The blindness of
the Entente diplomacy during the critical
period between August, 1914, and Septem-
Der, 1916, will probably remain forever one
of the mysteries of the war. The one ex-
cusc so far visible is that the Entente au-
thorities were unwilling to believe any ma
ton could really be so false as Bulgaria
was daily showing herself to be. The only
consolation for the monstrous bungling
which cost not only the success of the OAR
danelles expedition, but the very life of
Serbia must be that while Bulgaria was
toolng the Entente she was at the same
time keeping the Central Empires guessing
too. From the very beginning of the war
until September, 1915, when she took her
stand with the Teutonic Powers, she man.
aged the logically impossible feat Of run
ming 9th the hare and hunting with the
hounds.
She represented herself as being for sale.
She was not for sale. Her own Premier
(Radoslavoff) in March, 1916, stated openly
that under the auspices of Germany a
treaty Of alliance had been concluded be-
tween Bulgaria and Turkey several months
before the beginning of the European war,
and another treaty had been made between
Bulgaria and Germany in the spring of
1914" How, then, was Bulgaria for sale
She was already sold; not to the highest
bidder--for obvious reasons she had not
invited bids-but to the side which she
thought would, from force of circumstances,
be able and willing to pay her the most.
In spite of all this, knowing full we'll
what her ultimate course was to be, she an
nounced that her sole aim was the acquisi-
ton of those districts of Macedonia which
she had failed to secure in the Balkan wars
and intimated that any group which would
give her these could have her help. Mote
tndt AT tnat tlme She ola not even lay
claim TO the whole Of Macedonia, let alone
to any of the other Serbian territory, which
she has since declared to be her own prop
erty) Through long months, while the
Teutonic plans matured, she dickered with
the Entente Powers, getting from them
promise after promise of Macedonian con-
cessons, and finally gave as her excuse fo~
breaking into the fight without even a dec
laration of war the fact that the Entente
was unwilling to permit her troops to oc-
cupy Macedonia Immediately, and reserved
the cession Of the territory until the end
of the war
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13
Her Dealings Have Always
III Been Two-F aced

There are perfectly intelligent and
ceedingly well-nformed persons who still
believe that that final concession would
have brought Bulgaria in on the Entente
side, and that it was the browning blunder
of Entente diplomacy to refuse. But while
she was haggling with the one side, Bull
garia was already, despite her nominal neu-
trality, actively engaged in helping the
other. Her boats, bought from Austria
Hungary in December, 1914, carried not
only arms and munitions, but German Of
ficers, Officers and mechanics, down
the Danube to the Bulgarian border, where
way to the Turkish front, not forgetting to
leave few of their number on the way at
the service of Sofia
Furthermore, at the same time that Bull
garia was bargaining for the cesson of
Macedonia by Serbia she was herself actu-
ally making war on Serbia in Macedonian
territory. Bu1gar comitadjis, armed by the
Bulgarian authorities and working in au-
thorized collision with the Turks, were
making constant raids into Macedonia
which eliminated in the blowing up of the
vitality important railway bridge over the
Vardar, and the delay at a critical moment
Of supplies that were being rushed up to
the Serbian front.
These facts were all perfectly we'll known
to the Entente authorities, and in the cir
cumstances, while they still believed in the
possibility of winning over Bulgaria, it was
hardly conceivable that they should risk
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13
\ n Army Risen
n From the Dead

Now from across the Macedonian noun
talns comes an army, risen from the dead,
urged on over impossible obstacles by the
power OF a most righteous anger, sweep
ing forward at incredible speed, doing
things which common sense declares can
not be done by human armies under such
conditions. And in the eyes of these
supersoldiers flames the spirit of tor
tured Serbia, Serbia of the clean hands and
the loyal, unconquerable heart, coming at
last to avenge her children.
1t is no wonder that the Bulgar soldier,
remembering the little girls he helped to
steal for the Turkish harems 10000 of
them between the ages of ten and four
teen years sold into shame in CONSTANT
nople), the murdered babies, the outraged
women and massacred old men, has not
dared to stay and face the wrath of the
Serbs. 1t is not surprising that he has
deemed 1t wiser to be far away when the
Serbian soldiers look on the ruins of their
sacred places, and find in the market
squares the ashes of the bonfires where
their national treasures have been given
to the flames. 1t would need more cour-
age than the Bulgars possess to face the
Serbian soldier who comes to his own
home village and finds 1t silent and de-
serted, with the whole of its population
driven off into the deserts Of Asia Minor
TO starve. The look in the eyes of the
Serbs will indeed not be a pleasant thing
10 meet in these coming months. Small
wonder that the Bulgars run--even to
shame and surrenGer-to escape it, Know
70 how
may we'll have feared what Serbia would
10 TO them if once she got footing on
their soil. Serbia is too high-souled for
common revenge; but the mean spirit Of
Inc coward who did these things to the
PROSTATE could hardly be expected to face
MS victim in the hour of her resurrection.