Arizona republican., 1918-04-14

teries, conveys, trains, airplanes, bar | rages, etc. A map such as this, o1 course would be used only by the higher staff for a large movement. For a local movement each local commander would have maps on d very much more detailed scale, to in- dicate what actually faced him, in- cluding every machine gun or strip of barbed wire.
 This large map, covering about 8 by F miles is divided into sections, each a kilometer or half a mile square. Over 100 different photographs, all brought to the same scale and pieced together into a large composite pie ture, are necessary for this result. Hour after hour photographers are bringing in new plates, which are de- veloped, printed, and fitted into the proper places and interpreted" to show any new German activities. In picture of a large sector such as this, many details which appear on the more detailed maps have been purposely omitted to avoid confusion for the staff.
 The moment anything suspicious is noted, plane after plane goes out lover the lines until at last a correct | photograph is secured. If the Germans are quietly concentrating at a given spot if they are placing a mass of new batteries, or if they are inauguI = ating sustained fire over a wide front, the infallible eye above will give warning.
 Surprise is therefore eliminated from modern warfare. The army which controls the air knows exactly what its enemy is doing, and if its control is absolute, it's enemy can know very Ntle about what is being done by it. The German poison gases and the British tanks alone in all
 these months of trench warfare have
 broken this rule.
 The United States is now bending
 every energy to develop the extraor
 dinarily intricate organization neces-
 sary to carry out this work. Lens ano camera manufacturers are being
 driven at the greatest speed to supply
 the very delicate mechanisms neces.
 sary. So far, however, the service has
 been crippled by a lack of lenses 1T
 sufficient numbers, despite the trui,
 remarkable response of the public tt
 appeals for individual lenses.
 Perhaps an even greater difficult, . personnel to man this force. It re-
 quires photographers on scale who'll,
 unprecedented in previous Americai
 experience and map readers and in
 terpreters who might be said to b
 almost nopexistent.
 Recently the whole machinery fo
 primary instruction in this work wa concentrated at Rochester, N. Y, in great new school with a capacity o , 1000 men a month. Successful grad uates here are at once sent on for ad ,, vanced training, many of them to be come photographic intelligence off
 cers, with opportunities for flights.
 The great bulk of the men needed
 however, are men familiar with pho
 tographic development, printing. en larging, and panchromatic work, wh 1 can take a plate from the airman an within 10 minutes hand it over as finished print to the staff officer. These men must learn an entirely ne, and infinitely more advanced scienc of photography than ever befor practiced. They will have to work i France with the utmost exactness an under high pressure, usually in mote lorries just behind the front. some times in cellars near the adyancin line.
 Another hardly less vital force wi be intrusted with keeping all th mechanism up to 100 per cent eff ciency-camera and lens constructio and repair men. cabinetmakers instru ment makers, etc. Many times can eras are injured in flight. even to b, \ ing pierced by bullets, and it is ot vious that the most skilled workman ship is necessary, not only to repa \ them but to keep them in perfe working order. A good camera