davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
LARGER PRODUCTION
FROM DAIRY ANIMALS
Intelligent Feeding Benefits Pro-
ducer and Consumer.
Good Use Of Leoume Hay and Corn
slIage Reduces Cost Of Rations
for Cows Without Decreas-
Ing Supply Of Milk.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture)
Legume hay and corn silage formed
cows which made the greatest income
over cost of feed in cow-testing associ-
,itions, In which the records of 5,5S7
cows covering u period of four years
were studied by specialists of the de-
partment of agriculture. By feeding
such feeds larger production can be
combined with economic production
and the income over cost of feed can
be increased. Economic production
benefits both producer and consumer.
The feeding of concentrates to dairy
cows should be based on known pro-
duction. Farmers who are too busy
to test their own cows may now have
the work done for them at nominal cost
by joining cow-testing association.
AS ordinarily conducted, a cow-testing
association Is an organization of about
26 dairy farmers who comparatively
employ a man to test their cows for
economical production. The tester
not only weighs the milk and the feed
but he tests the milk for butterfat and
assists the farmers in feeding their
cows according to production.
Before the formation of cow-testing
association In a certain dairy district
few farmers fed grain to their dry
cows, and none fed balanced ration
to any of their cows; prepared feeds
of unknown merit were largely used;
and some farmers dished up the grain
with a scoop shovel and fed all their
cows alike, regardless of production.
Through the active cooperation of
all the members of the association
those conditions were rapidly changed.
Better feeding of dry cows increased
the milk flow during the next lactation
period; the use of well-balanced ra-
ton brought about more economical
feeding, and abandoning the SCOOP
shovel method and feeding concentrates
according to production greatly re-
duced the cost of feed. However, the
elimination of low producers that did
not respond to better feed and care ef-
fected the greatest saving of all. In
some herds these changes more than
doubled the income over cost of feed.
The dairymen belonging to that asso-
citation demonstrated that 1t pays to
keep good cows and to feed them well.
The cow-testing association records
clearly show that the most practical,
far-reaching, and vitality important
facts connected with the economical
production Of milk may be grouped log
ically under these three heads: Selec-
ton, breeding. feeding. Careful and in
telligent feeding, care. and manage
ment lift the dairy business to GER
tain level, but the highest level can
be reached only when to these are add
ed careful selection and intelligent
breeding.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21

pie was going down. Holidays you
must remember were abandoned and
the strain was beginning to be felt.
The government set up n COMMITTEES
composed of employers. trade union
representatives and government off,
cIals, an impartial tribunal. They
came to the unanimous decision that
long hours and Sunday labor were dis
astrous. not only to the health Of the
men and women, but to the efficiency
of the service and they were unanl-
nous in condemnlng long hours. And
we say without hesitation, having re-
gard to that experience, that 1t Is un-
economical, 1t is unwise and 1t is bad
management to work men or women
abnormally long hours because It does
not pay In the end"
Proper regulation of hours nlone,
however, will not solve the problem.
The ordnance department knows that
1t will not help production to limit
hours II the men and women who work
these hours are not secured In the
fundamental necessities of life-if they
are hungry, poorly clothed and im-
properly housed. Therefore. It is
urged that standards Of wages "al-
ready established in the industry and
In the locality should not be lowered"
"that minimum wage rates bear con-
stant relation to increases In the cost
of living" and that, in the case of re-
placement of men by women, there
should be equal pay for equal work.
In Justice to our soldiers Mt the front.
the standards Of the Jobs they have
left behind must not be lowered by
these new recruits, who will. in In.
creasing numbers. take their places In
the Industrial army.
British official estimates state that
since the war began, some 1,4OO,0O0
women have directly replaced men, and
some 100000 are employed directly on
munitions. The replacement of men
by women has, comparatively, not
been extensive In the United States as
yet. But day by day we hear of new
occupations entered, and old ones ex.
tended. Women are the reserve labor
power of the nation, and, II the war
goes on, will inevitably be called into
Industry In greater and greater num-
bers. Increasing demands will be made
upon them unwise sacrifices will with
out doubt be demanded. short-sighted
attempts will be made to break down
labor laws. But because, In the light
of England's experience, and of our
own best industrial practice. we know
that exhausted workers mean de.
creassd production-and because in
the case of women workers, they
mean. too, n deterioration of the race.
the people of the country must be IN
guard with that vigilance" demanded
by Its .hief of ordnance lest the safe
guards with which the people of our
country have sought to protect labor
should he unwisely and unnecessarily
broken down"
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
Make Waste Into Meat.

The keeping Of n reasonable number
Of sheep on the average farm does not
necessitate the keeping Of fewer dairy
cows or other grazing stock. This fact
was determined by the United States
department of agriculture in Its recent
Investigation Of sheep raising possi-
bilities in New England. 1t was found
that farms where sheep are kept sue
cessfully have practically the same
number and kinds of other live stock
as other farms of like area where no
sheep are kept, and that the acreage
In crops on the two classes of farms
is substantially the same. The infer
ence is that the farmer who keeps no
sheep is simply throwing away enough
pasturage that cows and other live
stock do not utilize to net him neat
profit.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
POTATO BEETLES
DO MUCH DAMAGE
Insect Is Shiny and Soft in Tex
ture and Rather Disgusting
in Appearance.
POSSIBLE PROGENY IS LARGE
Arsenate Of Lead Is Preferable to
Paris Green as Remedy-Sinaie
Application With sprayer VIII
Destroy Most of Them.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Injury by the Colorado potato beetle
and Its "slugs" or young is known
practically throughout the entire
United States. from the great plains
eastward to the Atlantic coast, except
few counties in the extreme south
ern portion of the Gulf region. 1t has
appeared recently as pest In Wash
ington and Oregon. This insect is n
hard-shelled, stout beetle, of distinct
yellow color. about three-eighths of an
inch long. Its wing-covers are orna-
mented with ten longitudinal black
lines. The young or "slugs" are dark
red when Matched, becoming paler as
they grow older. They are slImy and
soft In texture and disgusting in ap-
pearance.
Generations Produced.
In Its extreme northern range this
potato beetle produces only one gen.
Grafton or brood, but farther south.
two or three generations occur. The
winter is passed in the beetle stage,
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
On the Skirmish Line.

At Camp Grant several kitchen po-
lice had considerable sport with
ing Of potatoes for noon mess. when
they persuaded the chef TO ask this
chap to go over to neIghboring bar
racks and borrow from the mess SER
geant several yards of sklrmish line
on which to dry some dish cloths just
washed out. He returned with n neat
ly wrapped parcel containing some
white thread.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21

Will assure that the silo investment
will yield Its proper annual return and
prevent losses coming from giving the
cattle more expensive feeds. The
cheapness with which cattle can be fit
ted for market or carried through the
winter with silage lnsures that we'll
filed silos will be paying investment.
1t is a good farm practice to put
more acreage to silage corn than 1t Is
estimated under ordinary conditions
will be necessary to fill the silo. Dry
weather or hailstorm at the crucial
stage of growth may cause marked
decrease in the tonnage yield. For the
South few extra acres should be
planted to sorghum to meet probable
shortage.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21

Ono Of Best Known But Not Alto
oether Reliable Ways Of eusgina
Potatoes.
under ground. The beetles appear In
early spring and continue until the
cold weather Of September or October.
according to locality. One female can
produce 1900 and 1900 eggs. The
possible progeny Of two or three
broods Is enormous. In 1915 1t is esti-
mated that at least 20 per cent Of the
potato crop suffered from its ravages.
During 1917, for no reason which can
be assigned, the insect was conspicu-
Gus by Its absence, but in another year
or two 1t may be as troublesome as
ever. 1t is certain to appear locally
in numbers.
The best remedies are arsenicals.
and Of these arsenate Of lead is in
many respects preferable to paris
green. which 1t is rapidly replacing.
The high price Of all copper COM
pounds Incident to the war has result
ed in an increase in the price Of paris
green, while lead arsenate. although 1t
also has increased IN price. is some
what cheaper.
Use Of PoIsons.
Lead arsenate does not kill as
quickly as paris green, but insects
cease feeding as soon as they receive
a poisonous dose. 1t is sold in both
powdered form and paste form, and is
used at the rate of two pounds Of pow
der to so gallons of water, or bordeaux
mixture, or In paste at double this
strength. In small gardens twO-thirds
of an ounce or one level teaspOOnful to
n gallon of water Is in the same pro-
portion. For the paste form 1 1-3
ounces or three level teaspoonfuls are
used to gallon Of water.
For the proper application Of this
spray sprayer of the best type and
approved nozzles should be employed.
A single application when the slugs
first appear will kill most of them, but
n second or third dose may sometimes
be required. Later on other broods
must be treated in the same manner.
Other remedies. such as jarring
beetles and "slugs" early In the season
by brushing them from the plants Into
large shallow milk pans containing n
thin scum of kerosene, and hand-pick-
ing, are of value early in the season.
but are too laboriOus for large acre
age. Ill 80
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
Fighting Animal tuberculosis.

In April, 22,492 cattle were tested
for tuberculosis in the tuberculosis
eradication work of the bureau of an
imal industry, United States depart
ment of agriculture. This number was
S.494 more than were tested in the
preceding month. The tuberculosis
control measures are to be applied, in
cooperation with state authorities and
live stock owners, along three lines
eradication of tuberculosis from pure
bred herds, eradication from circum-
scrlbed areas, and eradication from
swine. In the beginning efforts are
being concentrated on eradication Of
the disease from purebred herds.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21

forth may be evidently heard" In al
ludins to the black mulberry, Pliny OBJ
serves that there Is no other tree that
has been so neglected by the wit of
man, either In grating or giving 1t
names. Oddly enough, this observa.
tlon holds good to the present day, for
our nurserymen still offer for sale the
black. or common. mulberry, and we
are not aware of any varieties worthy
OF varietal name, or even any varia-
hon from the wild type. We do not
think this can be said of any other
cultivated fruit.-Exchange
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21

done, however, by unskilled labor, even
need not be large.
IilustrIous Example.
People who Install sheep on lawns
will be following an illustrlous exam.
pie. For many weeks now small
flock of sheep has been grazing on the
White House grounds, converting the
grass which was formerly wasted ints
good meat and wool, and incidentally
keeping down weeds that were source
f endless trouble. 1t has been found
nat the sheep are not only useful but
ornamental. Many thousands of peo-
pie have been attracted by the pretty
picture of the fleecy animals in Presi-
dent Wilson's yard.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
ENnHEN Anp oneAs AaMa RoN6H hweHAyA lN4Nql Nzle0

issued by the ordnance departmeLs ns
part of General Orders No. 13. The
departments of women In Industry of
the woman's committee throughout the
country are doing and will do all In
their power to put this Endorsement
Into practical effect, with the cO-opern-
ton of the department of women IN
industry of the woman's committee at
Washington.
What are these standards, and why
are standards for working women of
at this time? Proper conditions of
woman's labor have always been of
peculiar Importance to the state. In
peace times the United States Supreme
court held that, for the sake of future
generations, 1t was constitutional to
limit the working hours of women to
eight hours a day. Today In war;
time Limitation of hours 1t is important
for an additional reason. Modern war;
fare is not fought In the trenches
alone. The army at the front is help
less If the second line of defense, the
army In factories. is not able to keep
up production of supplies. In empha-
sizing the necessity of rigid enforce
ment of existing legal standards. and
urging that "even where the law per-
mits nine or ten-hour day. effort
should be made to restrict the work of
women to eight hours" the ordnance
department has in mind primarily the
output of munitions. In urging the
prohibition of night work, they state
that English Investigators have found
that night work for women Involves
proportionately larger costs for super
vision and protection" The human
cost of night work has long been
known to social Investigators. A
world war has brought out Its pecun-
iary extravaganza.
The Saturday half holiday-"an alb
sOlute essential for women under all
nditions'-adequate meal and rest
periods, and one days rest In seven.
also find place In this government list
of industrial standards. Even with
the best will In the world. and despite
the most ardent spirit Of sacrifice. hu-
man beings cannot do continuous work
without losing their efficiency. The
English workers, who toiled such long
hours at the beginning of the war, did
so willingly for the sake of their SOL
diers. In the words of j. ii. Thomas,
member of the British labor commits
sion to this country:
1--WE got reports of our lads being
moved down, unable to defend them
selves, simply like rabbits In hole.
being moved down all for want of
munitions. You can quite understand
that public sentiment was that we had
to give them some protection, and our
men and our women were working IA,
16, 10 and all manner of hours, 100
hours n week, not so much because
they were compelled. don't get that
into your heads, but because the very
circumstances. the moral Influence of
doing something for these gallant lads
to give them chance compelled us
all to forget hours and everything else.
Now, as the war went on the sick
ness returns showed an alarming In
crease. The general health of the neo-
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
SHEEP AS BENEFACTORS

A hundred times you have no.
ticed and been annoyed by the
man, horse and little moving ma
chine going about clipping the
grass on the golf course.
Sometimes you have noticed
another fellow. or group Of fel-
lows, going over the course,
bending, proddIng in the grass
with little trowel-like tools.
Annoying7 Yes; but, in the
ordinary course Of things, nee
essary. The grass has to be kept
short and smooth for your COM
fort and convenience. And the
ugly weeds have to be rooted
out. Still all Of that work has
to be paid for out Of the dues
Of the members.
And, after all, the whole busi-
ness-annoyance and expense
might be avoided. A flock of
sheep would keep the grass clip
ped as closely and as neatly as
the mower does-and the sheep
would eradicate the weeds much
more certainly than the prOdding
fellows possibly can.
Besides, they would convert
the grass and weeds Into meat
and wool to help the nation
through an emergency in which
1t badly needs both meat and
wool.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21

Dor should be unwisely and unneces-
sarily broken down"
This sentence sounds the keynote
of the industrial policy of the two
great divisions of the United States
army-today placing numberless con-
tracts of fabulous size and value
the ordnance department and the
quartermaster's department. In Seen
eral Orders No. 49," from which this
sentence Is quoted, issued not long ago
by the ordnance department and later
adopted by the quartermaster general,
are set forth In some detail the prin-
ciples of this policy, and In no uncer-
tain words the reason for Its existence.
"It is n fair assumption" 1t goes on
to say, that for the most part these
safeguards are the mechanisms of ef-
f1ciency. Industrial history proves that
reasonable hours. fair working condi-
tions, and proper wage scale are es-
sential to high production" Enlight-
ened patriotism, in other words, de-
mands not that the workers shall work
long hours at top speed for the least
possible wages, but that for the sake
of output they shall make steady
reasonable expenditure of strength for
a reasonable length of time under prop
er conditions. We have long heard
these things demanded for the good of
the workers, but now new partner
ship has been formed. Efficiency and
humanity go hand In hand.
From the time of our entrance into
the war, the Importance of conserving
tac hnn n,f n
and re-emphasized by important Off
cials In the government. The presi-
dent himself, In welcoming at the
White House the British labor COM
mission which visited this country last
spring, said that nothing would be
more deplOratde" than ito set aside
even temporarily the laws which have
safeguarded the standards of labor and
of life," when we are fighting In
cause which "means the lifting of the
standards of life" Secretary Baker,
as chairman of the council of defense
in April of last year. stated in let
ter addressed to the governors of the
states resolution passed by the coun-
ell, "1hat the council of national de-
fense urge upon the legislatures of
the states, rs well as all administra-
tive agencies charged with the enforce
ment OF labor and health laws, the
great dnty of maintaining the existing
safeguards as to the health and well
fare of workers, and that no departure
from such present standards 10 state
laws or state rulings affecting labor
should be taken without the dcclara-
,jo,, of tbo cauuciI of national daSnpea
that such n departure is essential for
the effective pursuit of the national de-
fense" The council has since strong
ly reaffirmed this stand, and the wom-
ans committee of the council has
taken, as It's official standards for the
of women. the standards
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
PLAN FOR SUPPLY OF sILAeE
stoekmen Are Urged to Fortify Them
solves Against HIgh-PrIeed Feed
Next Winter.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Stockmen throughout the country
are urged by the United States depart
ment of agriculture to make plans
early for an ample supply Of silage to
fortify themselves against scarcity Of
forage and high-prced feed next win
ter.
In every case sufficient acreage to
provide crops to fill the silo should be
provided by beef-cattle farmers. This
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21

n VIEW of the urgent ne
cesslty for prompt in
crease In the volume of
production of nearly every
article required for the
conduct of the war Wig
lance is demanded of all
those in any way assocl-
ated with Industry lest
the safeguards with which
the people of this country
have sought to protect Ia
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
TREE MAN HAS NEGLECTED
For Some Reason, the Mulberry Was
Never Given the Attention of
Which II Is Deserving.

Pliny says: "of all the cultivated
trees, the mulberry Is the last that
buds, which 1t never does until the cold
weather is past, and 1t is therefore
called the wisest of trees. But, when
1t begins to put forth buds, 1t dispatch
es the business In one night, and that
with so much force that their breaking
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
Cold Storage Space.

In view of the heavy demands for
cold storage space growing out of war
shipments, the bureau of markets of
the United States department of agrI-
culture is making surveys of space
available for the cold storage of but
ter and eggs throughout the United
States.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
DUTY OF CIVILIANS.

The soldier and the farmer
are eager to do their full share
both incur risks. Very
many civilians are equally eager
to do their share, but may not
appreciate the opportunity to
serve in the field of agriculture.
Secretary of Agriculture.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
seyond All Doubt.

First Trnmp-And are you very
tired Blll7
Second Tramp-Tlredl Gee whizz,
pard, I'm so tired that l could sleep
peacefully In bathtub.
The Ordway new era., 1918-06-21
Great Britain, Early
II, Conflict, Learned
the importance of
Maintaining Former
Labor Standards

(From Women of the National Council
of Defense)
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-15
SIGNAL CORPS
WANTS SELECTS
Army Offers the Way for
Drafted Men to Volunteer
Through Local Boards.

Registered men OF draft age may
volunteer through their local boards
for service in the army signal corps
according TO a communication re-
ceived at the local army recruiting
station
While voluntary enlistments OF such
men cannot be accepted by recruiting
stations. the circular just received
explains how men for this branch OF
the service may enter by enlisting
with their own exemption boards
Men specially wanted for the sig
nal corps are chauffeurs. motorcycle
drivers, gas engine repzirmen, tel
egraphers. telephone men. linemen,
photographer. homing pigeon men,
radio men, cooks, clerks. blacksmithss
meteOrl0gists. cobblers and cable men,
Nationals and Regulars
lIen accepted at the local recruit
Ing office Monday for the national
amy were william II. Steininger.
BOviua. Tex. engineers. William L.
Gamble, II Faso, ouartermaster corps
zFllliam s. Reaney. Ell PasO, 305th re-
pair shop. Fort Bliss.
For the regular army the following
we're accepted. Leonard A Robert
son. PlaiuVieW. Tex, medical corps;
charles A. Cusack, Tucumcsri, y. 81;
James W Glib. Fl Paso. field artil-
lerys Pedro p Garcia FL Paso, gen
eral recruiting service. The latter
VIII be assigned TO the local recruit
ing station.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1918-01-15
Censorship by the American Arnyi in
France Is Hurting Cause of Liberty

censorship system are much worse
than any harm which it has already
dOne.s our censorship Is political
moral and literary. one correspand-
emit wrote a story Of how the mayor
of a little French town turned out al
o'clock in the afternoon in high
hat and evening clothes. supplemented
by a red scarf. to welcome newly ar
rived American troops. The most
literal censor we have had sat In the
chair when this story was presented.
Il can't pass that story" he said 1t
ridicules the French Everybody
knows that You shouldn't wear even
ing clothes at four in the afternoon
But TO get back 20 a more general
Indictment. In every other country
political censorship is distinct from
military censorship, but any news
with an American angle which goes
from France now must pass an Amer
lean military censor. be it ever 50 re-
motley connected with the army. The
chief censor in turn is responsible
TO the commander in chief. which
gives Gen. Pershing dictatorship over
one huge source Of American public
opinion.
On one occasion a brief general par
agraph about the use OF camouflage
by American artillery was cut out by
an officer who imagined that camou-
flage was something yet undreamed
OF by the Germans
Doubt Nations Courage.
A great deal is heard about expe-