davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Utilizing Stacker Labor
Northwestern National BnuL, of
WlnNedD0is)

f'OHNSy
"A compulsory labor law conferrine
Jurisprudence for its enforcement unon
'he State Council of Defence and nro-
Vldlng penalties for the violation of ;+s
provisions was passed by the emer-
gency session of the South Dakota
Legislature and approved March %
$500 ~ eouicll IS given the authority To
~ ,''' 20 ess INTO the service of the state.
or OF any political subdivision of thn
tlon or corporation, any persons who
IN ITS opinion, are idle and unemn,or "o
ana whose services may be renuirod
ana are necessary to carry on or IN.
.iease inc production of food and SIM
plles of all kinds for the purpose IF
winning the war" p"' p0Sc u
we seem to be turning back thu
pages of history. 1t was tho n,stt .ne
some Captain John Smith, Of Pocahne-
'as lame, we seem to remember u.Lo
sumo tlme IN the year sixteen hundrad
a al something, in another threatened
nouo emergency, made and enforced the
iu.c that ne who will not work NAV
~. ~ ea.. lie thereby doubtless took
o we romance out Of the lives of MANY
W WY colonlsts, just as the present
bp
Joy out Of the lives of manv n ,s"n '. ~
whom supreme content lies il ..ipst W
settin' still" 'N'' 40 'us' a
J., o,her states are doing it. The Mary.
land law aims at the wealthy unan-
ployed between the ages of eirhtean
ana nifty who are physically fit as we'll
as l' at Migrants, just as this South d.
kota statute seems to do. Since tho
passage of the Maryland act, last fail
90 per cent of the unemployed re@;.
trants have been. put to work; 16 per
zen. t,s nave lett the state either to ioin
inc parasitic exlstcnces of Migrants in
less eXacting commemorative or to
migrate to the luxurious but equally
parasitic paradises of the wealthy at
A.ann,lc City and Palm Beach. And
now that New Jersey has also n.ssoa 'a
work law, Atlantic City can no lonr.r
DC inc haven of habitually idle maies
Alas and alackaday, '''"'e''
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14

selling organization. Thousands Of
women not otherwise employed will:
find the work agreeable, interesting
and inspiring. Those men who are
periodically inclined will give up their
spare hours with confidence that their
effort not only is not wasted, but rep
resents an actual and very valuable
contribution to the success Of the
loan.
But TO those who cannot undertake
work Of this sort, but who do their
duty by simply buying bonds, there
comes still another duty equally de-
serving Of close attention. Working
as it is on a basis of general co0rdna-
ton Of effort and cooperation OF all
industries, the country must keep all
its funds in a thoroughly liquid condi-
ton. This is vital for the maintenance
Of business and for the prevention Of
congestion of funds or scarcity Of
funds. The banks throughout the land
must have available sufficient loaning
capacity to take care Of all the press
ing needs Of business, and these have
been immensely increased in volume
simply on account of the war. In or
der to achieve this end, it is ncccs
sary for the banks to collect all loans
outstanding at the earliest possible
moment, thus placing the funds in
volved at the disposal of those who
need them most to carry on the bust
ness Of the war.
This point has already been empha-
sized in many ways by the govern
ment, by the Federal Reserve banks
and by the many banking institutions
throughout the country. Now, how
does it relate to the individual?
If you have bought Il bond on basis
of your future income or saving
capacity, you hAyc probably made ONLY
part payment, intending to dcfray the
remaining cost il the future. The
thing for each person to do who has
bought bonds on the instalmcnt nav
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14

Review Of the United States Bureau of
Labor Statistics. The average earnings
per hour Of employees in the principal
productive occupations of the iron and
steel industry had increased, in Sep
TENDER, 1917, compared with May, 1915,
as follows: In blast furnaces, So per
cent; in Bessemcr convcrters, IS per
cent; in open hearth furnaces, 80 per
cent; in blooming mills, 35 per cent;
in plate mills, so per cent, and in sheet
mills, IS per cent. Since these per-
centages were compiled last September
the upward trend has been incessant.
Taking the steel mills as a whole,
the Monthly Review has expressed the
increase in relative terms. The pay
roll on January, 1915, has been taken
as the base, or 100 per cent The
table:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14

reported on show decreases in the total
amount of payroll when comparing
January, 1918, with December, 1917,
which is doubtlessly explained, accord
ing to the Monthly Review of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics by Gun
favorable weather conditions and a
shortage Of fuel experienced in many
plants during the payroll period under
consideration in few cases the
operation of plants was hindered by
labor disturbances"
Comparison of January, 1913, with
December, 1917:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14

person to assay his own productive
capacity and to relate it to the great
national emergency. A man or a
woman must determine what he or she
can earn in specified time, and must
decide on the amount that is absolute
ly necessary for personal living ex-
penses and for the support of de-
pendents, because unless proper pro-
vision is made for good living condi-
tons for the population, it will be i'm
possible to wage the war on basis
of thorough effectiveness.
Once the question of the amount
that is needed for personal expenses
is determined, the individual should
decide what amount can consistently
be put aside as surplus income to be
invested in Liberty bonds. In every
individual case, undoubtedly, there will
be a difference of opinion on this
point, but it is very probable that no
one will attempt to gainsay the fact
that something should be put aside
and devoted to aiding the country in
the war.
Among the various attempts to esti-
mate the amounts that should spccifi-
cally be devoted to war purposes is
that of the Bankers Trust Company
of New York. In a pamphlet recently
published the authors attempted to
indicate definite proportion of in
come to be invested in Liberty bonds
by every family in the United States.
How widely these proportions vary
may be realized from the fact that the
figures call for the purchase of $50
worth of Liberty bonds where the man
earns from $3.50 to 500 year, as
compared with so per cent of the total
income of families receiving from $5,-
100000 a year upward.
A more practical arrangement, from
the average mans point of view, would
be to have system based on the con-
sideration by the individual of his
own particular situation and limita-
tons. If each possible Liberty bond
buyer took the pains to study this
question on basis of actual figures,
every one ultimately would reach a fig
ure that could logically be called con-
servative, even making allowance for
varying degrees of patriotism and
liberality, and then he should exceed
that figure.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Chilean Nitrate Indusu'

At the beginning of she val =. =
of an anticipated decline IN IS
mand for nitrate for fertil'',,% saf,''
poses. many of the offices :. =,
producing companies in ea,' !,
closed, and by the end oil - -. a
~ total Of ITO only fOrty-'a ls,s j
producing. But after Mafeh, ~
the number had fallen 70 'n'. =. M
corner was turned. aud a. 2. .,sre 4
ming Of 1916 l16 out Of ~. 20 we
ing. In January. 1917. ~ ne az
ducing, and by Septemos'
increased to 124.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Denmark Short of Oil

Ordinarily Denmark imports it's lu-
oricat'ng oils from the United States
and Germany, but for nearly year
practically none has arrived from these
sources until within the last month.
when a limited supply arrived. The
committee on lubrcating oil of the
Dahish Chamber of Manufacturers tIn-
dustriraadet in Copenhagen reports
some success in the adaptation of
whale OIL from Greenland for lubricat-
ing purposes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
If You Can t Fight,
Your Money Can

This situation has already attracted
a great deal of attention, but in view
of the extraordinary crisis ahead of us
il cannot be emphasized too much.
There is no doubt that the Liberty
Loan campaign offers much better
opportunity to the average person to
do share in this war than anything
IN the Liberty Loan can feel that, in
addition to providing himself with a
good investment, he is tightening the
burden of warfare for some other in
dividual or group Of individuals. He
can feel that his money has been
placed into the common fund to pro-
tect humanity and the ideals of this
nation, which has always held the re-
spect OF the rest Of the world, except
maybe Germany, and which, God will
ing, always shall hold the respect of
the rest OF the world. He can feel
that some part Of his personal re-
sources has been appropriated to the
Offence OF the nation and might con-
ceivabiy represent the last straw TO
break the Prussian camels back. In
fact, every dollar put into the chain
OF dollars for national defence is Of
equal efficiency, not because 1t is a
unit in the mass,/but because there
wouldn't be mass IL the units weren't
there.
1t would be wrong to consider any
one dollar as representing failure for
ths mass OF money in the same sense
that we say, "A chain is no stronger
than its weakest link" It IL the ay
gregation of dollars that counts, and
70 achieve the utmost effectiveness We
need an aggregation of human effort
in providing these dollars.
How Much
Shall You Cive2
keverting again TO Ahe subject Of
what each ono can do, We face tho prob
lem OF explaining a method for each
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Why Your Services
Are Necessary

1t is in an entirely different field,
however, that most Of us can do the
most valuable work for the Liberty
Loan. AS soon as everybody fully real
ICES the necessity of the success Of
these Liberty loans, it is logical to ex-
pect every one Of us to put forth every
last bit Of effort to make them a sue
cess. This can be done not solely by
buying bonds ourselves, but very large
~ by getting others to buy them. 1t
can be done if we all assume our work
as units Of the great nation. We al.
will realize that if we can get five
other persons to buy bonds. in addition
to ourselves, we have really done our
duty in siXfold sense. The mere fact
that so many others are working along
the same lines should not dampen our
ardor. Allowance must be made for the
fact that great many persons are in
clined to be thoughtless or negligent,
and may miss their chance to buy the
bonds.
Some Of US must get to work to see
that they { re awakened to a rcaliza-
ton of the danger that threatens and
to realization of the necessity for
common effort to avert that danger
In other words, it becomes the duty of
every one of US not only to buy bonds,
but to join in the selling campaign.
If the requisite training is Licking, it
i1y, ho oh oir So !
other selling forces already operating
In every locality there is commit
tee at working taking steps to reach
every possible bond buyer You should
have no difficulty getting in touch with
this organization, and will find that all
volunteers will be accepted and as
signed to special work to help in the
great campaign. Each of these COM
mittees is responsible to another COM
mittee directing the selling campaign
in the county, and the latter in turn
is operating through state or dis.
trct organization. The whole plan has
been worked out in great detail and re-
quires large numbers Of volunteer
helpers throughout.
A very important part of the work
consists in simply directing attention
to the loan and to the war situation
which makes it SO imperative that the
loan shall be a success. Actors and
performers of every variety, moving
picture artists, preachers, public speak
ers are needed every day throughout
the campaign to carry the message OF
the Liberty Loan to the people who
will buy the bonds.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
By Adachi kinnosuke

TIME Japanese ships to be turned
over to the United States under
the agreement between this coun
try and Japan are to be delivered at
San Francisco, according to a cable
from the main Office at Toxic to the
San Francisco branch of the Togo
Kisen Kaisha-the Oriental Steamship
Company.
The Nippon Yusen Kaisha, which has
the feet of SO vessels of the total ton
mage Of about 455 5000, and which is
far and away the largest steamship
company in the Far East, is naturally
to put up more ships than any other
company. The. cable mentions nine
ships which will come out of the N. Y.
X. fleet, namely, Penang Maru, the
Eboshi Maru, the AMMAN Maru. the
Totomi Maru, the Benten Maru, the
Kirin Maru and the Jinsen Maru.
The Toba Maru is at present in
the New York service, using the Pan
ANA Canal route, while the Rangoon,
the Ebosh, the Totomi and the An
nam are all in the Bombay service of
the N. Y. K, and the Kirin, the jim
sen and the Benten are in it's Calcutta
line.
The Togo Kisen Kaisha is going to
turn over two ships: the Persia Maru
and the Seiyo Maru. The Persia Maru
is expected to make San Francisco on
the goth Of May and the Seiyo little
later, about the 5th of June.
The Osaka Shosen, the other mem
Der of the Big Three of the shipping
world of Japan, is reported to put up
four ships, the names of which have
not yet been made public.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Trading Steel for Ships
Japan's View of the D.,
Exchange Will Be Advantageous to All the AM
Make for Harmony in Americas Relation.
With Far East

The market price for sb;ns
the United States is demaud;,ssa ss 4
Japan is about zoo yen a ,aa IN
little more than $3.50 ton, -
fore, a hasty glance at the Nj. lass
gests that Japan is going to ~ y
ton on this deal, or slooaS , w. sls
the 100000 tons of shipping vs; .' = :
agrees to turn over to The IN "a. =
States next month. Nothing - ua L
sort is true however, for tn. y :. =
reason that nobody can buy fro, snss
at this time 100000 tons Of ts', ~. p
of ships at $3.50 ton al, ., s s "
nor for three or four times tn. ~ NY
But let US turn to the com,. s'A'a''
offered by the United States '.''''s'
sole the Japanese shipping s " 90
America is going to give Inv. ssss
steel, "ton for ton against ~, s.,:. ~
of the Ships N''''sr
The official price of the An..;.
steel is s65 a short ton, or abon. ', .,s
a long ton. 1t will cost the Jss w.
shipbuilder about sl17s5 'a's
Freight Fl viii take about sa5, duty .s =
$o.5o, interest, warehouse loaa;,. '''
unloading and other cbar,.. ~ !
amount to another S.. Now !. 'a y
claimed that three tons of sh;, S :.
be produced out of one ton Of =. -
Shipbuilding companies in lana, ). WI
about Sl15 per ton as the mr.. .'
the machinery, fittings and ,.h'
construction Of a new ship of n,
under consideration. Therefor s \
price of new ships which Jana, y n
construct out Of the American j.
Will stand at about sl542s *
that IS, $1l5 plus S39.2S. which !, "
third of the price Japanese sh;na.s
ers VIII pay out for one ton Of A,.s
can steel landed at his yard. M
to casual glance, seems IL i,,;..l
that the japanese yards are maE,.
good thing out Of the deal-m,l',
nearly $500 a ton, instead Of lo,i'
$500, as shown before.
But wait.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14

The Bureau of Labor Statistica hos
made similar table comparing condi-
lions in January, 1918, with December.
1917. In two Of the thirteen industric,
'here were more persons on the payroll
IN January. All of the thirteen industries
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Organization Is
Constantly Growing

1t will readily be seen that large
numbers Of aids are necessary, and each
enthusiast will find place for him
self in this great organization or can
have himself made part of it by sim
ply volunteering his services. The fact
that the loan campaign has already
started does not mean that the organ
ization is complete; on the contrary,
1t viii continue to grow and the num-
Der Of volunteers will continue to grow
until the campaign is ended. AT the
last minute there viii be a dcugc Of
bond purchasers that will tax the abil-
ity and the working capacity of even
the greatest army of workers. Bv
way Of example, it is interesting to
recall the fact that in the last two Lib
erty Loan campaigns hundreds of com
munitics at the last moment doubled
the amount of sales during the earliest
days Of the campaign.
II you cannot shoulder a gun. il tho
nation needs you in another place than
the trenches or the deck Of warshjp
or the Office Of n government bureau,
there Is no higher duty that you can
perform In aid Of the success OF the
Liberty Loan than to join the great
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Deliveries
Next Month

America will begin to get the jap
anese ships next month-in May, 1918.
But the Japanese shipyards will not get
the American steel either next month
or the month after that They will
not get it this year. After the Ameri-
can steel plants begin work on the
Japanese contracts, it will be something
like two months before ship plates are
out of their shops. Under the present
state of transcontinental transporta-
ton in this country and the scarcity of
trans-Pacific bottoms it will be three
months before the plates are loaded on
frelghters at a Pacific port. Five
months gone!
And after that it will take another
month before they are safely landed
at Japanese port. And from that
point more time will be consumed in
delivering the plates to the yards.
Some Of them will be lucky if thew
get the plates within two months after
they are landed at Japanese port
mat means eight months between the
time the American iron works begin to
turn out the Japanese order and de-
livery
AS for the financial aspect of tho
deal:
According to q report published in
the Jill" of Toxic. the price the United
States offers to pay for the Japanese
ships, not over two years old. is so5o
ton. That is quite an advance n,
the first offer-which was $l7o ton
1T was S25 more than the minimum,
price the Japanese shipping interests
were willing to take. But this m,s+
be said: that the shock Of pleasure tho
Japanese ship owners experienced NJ
the first mention of the price did rot
last long, because the American Gov
eminent called for the new sb;ns
and big ships only--the two cona;t;ar,
which made tho pleasant surprise
transitory affair.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
May Exceed
100000 Tons

This will make fifteen vessels in
stead OF twelve, as announced by the
War Trade Board on March % at
Washington, and the total lightweight
tonnage Of these ships is likely to ex-
ceed the 100000 tons mentioned in
the official announcement of the Board.
Anyway, this will bring to happy
conclusion the extremely trying nego-
tlations between Japan and the United
States.
With Japan, it was a serious bust
ness-infinitely more so than with the
United States, much as America needs
the ocean tonnage. Just how serious
the matter was can readily be seen.
AT various ship building plants in
Japan there was what is nothing short
of an astounding amount of new con-
struction actually started or projected
when the United States shut down on
steel export. The shipbuilding at the
japanese yards came to a sudden stop.
Most of them depended on American
iron and steel.
DIRK has been stopped on account of
the American embargo on steel on no
less than seventy-seven ships aggre-
eating 638,900 tons. These japanese
shipbuilding companies all had con-
tracts with the steel makers Of
America for enough steel to complete
the ships, and they woke up one morn
ing to find their contracts so many
precious pieces of scrap paper. And
just at this time 63S,000 tons of new
ships are not a trifing joke anywhere.
Stopping work on that amount of ton
mage means no bread at all for a large
number of mouths Of the shipyard
workmcn and their families 1t means
the loss of many millions of dollars
to the large shipbuilding companies
which, Of course, doesn't matter at all.
although some of them can hardly
stand the loss. Also it affects the
foreign trade Of Japan as we'll as her
financial interests. But it doesn't stop
there. A large part of the above men
toned tonnage was being built for
England and France and other allies
Of Japan. 1t was a serious matter all
round
But all that is history now. The
Japanese shipbuilding yards can see
daylight ahead.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14

The parallelism between commodity
prices and wage increases in several
lines of employment, as indicated bv
the foregoing data, is very striking
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-04-14
Actual Cost
$364.2S Per Ton

The charter charges Of new ships
large sizes at present is more Id
SIS a ton per month in the Far EsssI
market. The charter charges n
fourteen months from May of this uj
(when the japanese Ships will \
turned over to the War Trade BosI
of the United States) to the sunni
of 1919 (when the japanese shipwt|
will have the new ships compa.j
from the American steel plates) u
amount to s210 ton. In other wor
the new ships will cost their OWE,
S364.2S n ton. This does not take III
consideration the gain which essl
from getting brand new ships in pll
of the old ones. Neither does !. ,i.|
into consideration the loss Of tnI
opportunities. These figures. thi /
fore, do not seem to put JapsaJ
owners in too rosy a light Of e.
gold.
But the real compensation-the 4
great rewards the 100000 addta,
tons of new ships which will res
; from the 100000 tons of AmsrRl
steel Japan will have received for b
100000 tons of ships. These Sd
doubtless will command quite as b
price next year as the ships VIII
are to be turned over to the UNI
States this May command at the pm
ent perhaps much higher y
vided the war continue.
There is another considsni
which should go far to console
Japanese shipbuilders. And that's
opportunity to utilize the pres
epochal turn in the world affair."
build up the shipbuilding facilities
the country and develop the sh4
labor for the work. Moreover
ships which the American steel y
enter in building. or rather eonfs
ing, as has already been stated
for the use of the Entente Povss
Europe. And every ship counts
now. Many of the ships being
for England and France are snA
more than half finished and the!
be testing the cunning Of the Gs''
U-boats long before the sumaa
1919.
The real gain which comes 0"
the happy conclusion OF the Ansn'
japanese deal in ships and s'ea
change is not either in money OF
in the increase of the sorely De-,
tonnage for the Entente Allies 'h''s
the full operation of the japanese y
building facilities.
/ 1t is in killing very dsasa
sentiment which, Ike deadly ~
was about to raise its head 70 -"
at the very root of the An'is
Japanese amity-in crushing IL w.
the heel before it was too iaN
certain corners Of japan an Wy
sion was beginning 10 prevail u"
United States was quick to S'' e
first serious opportunity o. ~
Japan under its thumb; that tasss
Gus, broad gagged American s1S's',
ship Of after-dinner speeches -
school textbooks was my'n' '.'
United States was none TOO
turn the misfortunes OF japan
profit; that she is not ABOVE
candy from helpless baby
short, the big United States "'' =.
to take away the ships ''0A "a
through the meanest poss!p''
by turning Japan's absolute ~ ~
steel as the final and uAsH''
or.ryp,apt
Forest City press. (Forest City, Potter County, D.T. [S.D.]) 1883-19??, 1918-09-19

law on the ground that it is cum
bersome, expensive, &c, or that
they "dont understand it. That
is all "camoufage.' So is our
school law expensive and cumber-
some; also, too, our road law. and
others that could easily be named.
Their real reason is that they still
love their old friend, the 'politi-
clan,H and anything he says. goes,
with them; they haye lost the intu-
ition of advancement and progress
in the art of government of the
people, by the people, for the peo-
pile" of these U. S. of America.