davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Steps Required
To Maintain Trade

q. IN order to maintain foreign
trade there are four steps: (a) A
seeking of foreign markets, (b) the
establishment of sufficient shipping
under our own flag, (c) the insurinc
OF ships and cargoes in American
companies, which must be amplified
and furnished with more canita1
Perhaps combinations of various
forms of insurance now illegal must
be legalized. (d) The establishment
OF American banking facilities wher-
ever our traders go. AS I have
pointed out elsewhere ("Journal Of
Commerce." December 21, 1917. Mr..
Henry Evans, president of the CONT
mental Insurance Company, has nota-
oily shown this in his pamphlet on
The Vital Relation Between Bank
Ing, Shipping and Insurance"). a
combination Of these last three
factors is imperative.
8. AS the railroads are now con.
trolled by the government in such
fashion as to yield, theoretically
at least, the greatest possible service
10 the nation, competition for bust
ness being eliminated and rates adj
Justed to bring about the most eco
nomical distribution possible. so
should it be after the war with both
railroads and shipping lines. Thew
should not be built or owned bv the
government, but their establish
ment and maintenance should he
controlled in the interest of an eco-
nomlc administration of the carrv-
ing trade. The greatest problem in
economics is distribution. There i,
more waste in distribution than any,
where else. 1t adds more than any,
thing to the high cost of living. We
snail be at distinct disadvantage
with other nations unless we have
our railroads and steamships work
ing coordinately for the good of the
shipper; and their own permanence
and freedom from bankruptcy. their
own value as investments will hest
be secured by such measures.
Germany's success in building u,
foreign trade was due almost en-.
tlrely to having had a scientific
rather than a haphazard plan TO,
pushing it. There was another ele,
nent not so admirable-the auto.
cratic control which made unified &C.
lion more easy. Moreover, her plans
were made in the interest of the ma.
ton as conquering power, in which
certain classes were markedly ia
vored. These things do not agree
With the genius Of our own demo.
cratic country. Any plans such as
have indicated must be made mani
testify for the defence of the matio,
and also in the interest of all tn.
people. Plans which look to the in.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
America Needs Merchant Marine
To Protect Its Foreign Trade

the bearing upon national safety Of
an organization Of our trade with
other nations. Shall we continue to
let our foreign trade develop mere
ly as some one is intelligent enough
to see profit to himself in a par
ticular market, leaving him to fight
single-handed against all the OBJ
stacles presented by the buying and
selling combinations Of other ma
tons? Or, shall we look upon the
foreign field as one which shall be
made to minister to our national
wealth and safety? Let me present
the general situation in a series of
propositions:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Reversing the
Old Order of Things

Recently the stock market has
shown a tendency to be distinctly
Nat at those times when it was not
actually weak. A few days ago a
little activity set in, and few
sugar stocks advanced point or so.
Little Wall Street was in a futter,
hoping that old times were coming
back again and would help to pay
for higher gasolene and other
necessities Of life. Almost every
broker here, as we'll as every GUS
toner of every broker, owns a good
automobile. No need here to ask
the classic Billy Travers questions,
which he asked when he was the
guest Of another broker at Newport
and had been told the names of
brokers who owned the various
yachts in the bay. He scanned the
horizon and said: "W-wrwell.
w-w-where are the c-c-customers'
yachts?" 1t is an old story, but l
am merely using it for an illustra-
lions. The customers yachts" run
wild around Honolulu streets, bump
ing each other oftener than might
be considered necessary. There are
many more automobiles in Honolulu
alone. with sixty-dve thousand PEG.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Making a
Good Showing

In years when gross receipts or
takings arc abnormal, it is often
considered in many jurisdictions to
be good practice to cut down vari-
Gus appropriations and extraordi-
nary expenses in order to make a
wonderful showing of met profits, :"
applicable to dividends. Large dis
tributions of profits can then be
legitimately made, and very
high stock prices must result if
money can readily be borrowed by
the public to finance it's purchases
in a rising stock market. During
the last two years very large divi-
dends have been paid on sugar
stocks in Hawaii.
Last spring when I was here
everything was ON the boom, and
the directors of some of the COM
panies were busily engaged in cut
ting down the par values of their
shares SO that they would not look
so high. Many companies the par
value of whose stock had been the
conventional 500 stately and
solid-soon changed their stocks
into $40 and $50 units, and greater
speculation was stimulated. Men
of limited means could now partici-
pate in the profit making. AS re-
suit of this policy of letting the
smaller man in I think it is quite
probable that the stockholders
lists contain many more names
than they did two or three
years ago. Every one is salts
fied-except, of course, the margin
holder-so long as dividends are
maintained. The average man
thinks he has an investment, and he
counts his high return as "income."
But dividends cannot be maintained
If the company does not earn them,
or has no adequate cash surplus
ready for emergencies. There is the
rub. Some companies have already
cut down dividends, and more cuts
are likely, l think, to follow.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17


University
Ut is said that a priest, leading
forth his spring professional for
the blessing of the crops,
stopped by one particularly unprom-
ising field to declare, "Here prayers
and entreaties will avail nothing;
this must have manure" In Protest
ant America, unfortunately, all of
our fields are Of the sort that no crop
will grow by exhortation. They need
ploughing and reaping, and cultiva-
ton between times; and not merely
laborers, but laborers at wages low
enough to correspond with the prices
that arc restricted-unless, indeed,
we may finally consent to allow the
prices to go up with the wages.
Thus far, at any rate, our policy
continues naive beyond all other pos
slble spring devisings. We attempt
both to conserve scant present sup
ply and to encourage the next years
rloduct by holding the food prices
down while forcing general prices
up. Still persisting in our currency
inflations-with all things else rising,
wages and fertilizers and farm ma
chinery with the rest--we plan for a
big crop next year by holding crop
prices low. While the law still for
bids the prices to 60 up, exhortation
shall make the crop come up, and
further exhortation shall forbid the
consumption from coming up.
AS 1t Should
Have Been Done
There was, it is true, another posi-.
Die programme; we could have got
our revenue without imitation and
have avoided the temptation to tinker
at prices. If for every dollar more
that the government had to buy with
the civil population had had dollar
less to spend, the industries of lux
ury and waste must have languished
and their workers have been released
for the essential things either Of mill
tary or civil consumption-the goods
produced accordingly as the purchas-
ing powers were distributed with
which to buy them.
But even so, doubtless the crop
must have been short to the extent
that the farms were stripped of their
laborers to man the armies, the ship
yards and the munition plants. But
while the food was getting relatively
dear and the non-essential things
were falling off for lack of demand.
the farms might have attracted to
themselves some share of the released
labor, to make good the inroads of
the draft and of the new war prod
ucts. Our present method, however.
is to make the farm products cheap
at the same time that, by monetary
imitation, we are making all other
things dear, and are even foster
ing the production and the consump-
ton OF the non-essentials by restrict
ing the prices and the production of
the essentials.
The results have been twofold:
The farmers cannot afford to push
their production even were they able
to get the labor; and they can't get
the labor because the competing in
dustries are offering impossibly high
wages for it. Two men are leaving
the farms for city work to one that
is leaving for the army. We displace
the essentials by the non-essentials.
Then we turn to prayer.
A Complex of
Converging Blunders
And still the problem needs to be
r..
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
BY Herbert Fitch

honolulu, HdtcGll.
" HAT picture of island
wv cnchantment! Dusky IA
naka brokers standing I'M
der the sheltering palms on the
street that the missionaries named
MERCHANT" and calling bids and
offers languidly in the liquid tones
of language that has but twelve
letters. They trade in primitive
staples-taro, copra, various gaudy
fish, etc. Ever and anon all trading
stops short as some sparkling brown
acahine undulates by. She may be a
princess, who knows? Infltration
Of royal blood is not rare. Not
every Hawaiian woman looks like a
princess, however. From beyond
that clump of palms over Nuuaunu
way come music and laughter. May
hap, after the plenteous hlau, there
is now hula going on, with the
..kekc and the atkulele in accompani-
ment-althougb really the hula
ought to be an evening entertain
nent, Sought it ?"-the ma1ihini
reflects!
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17

" views as to nationalism,
however much one may
favor an organization of the world
for cooperation rather than for
competition, we must frankly face
the probability that nationalism will
persist for a long time yet. There
may be some close understanding, if
not an alliance, between ourselves
and the present Entente Allies after
this war; but it will not and can not
be even so moderate a thing as a
customs union. At most it will be
some friendly agreement so to con-
trol our trade that it will not weaken
US and our allies before our possible
enemies. And we cannot be at all
sure of even this much.
Scientific Organization
Is Essential
However strong our army and
navy may become, we shall be COM
paratively helpless in the future if
our foreign trade is not organized
upon a scientific basis with first
view to national defence. In the
past our foreign trade has arisen
almost solely through individual en-
terprise, with no thought except for
individual gain. Our merchant ma
rine, except for coastwise trade, had
almost disappeared from the seas
when the world war came upon US.
One Of the chief reasons for this
was our failure to seek markets for
manufactures outside our own ter
ritory. Another was our dependence.
upon Great Britain and other friend
ly powers to perform for us an office
which, on account of the less ex-
pense of building and management,
they could fulfil better than we.
No one had dreamed of the pos
sibility of such an upheaval of the
world as we are witnessing. And it
was plausibly argued by some that,
instead of being hindrance to us
to have Great Britain carry our
goods, it was real help. We see
now that our trade was seriously en-
barassed by Great Britain's need for
her own ships and by her insistence
,,nn,, tho oboroo+o,. o,>J Joa4:~.4:..
of cargoes-this even before we ex-
pected to be in the war at all. The
present demand for shipping en-
phasizes the fact. We are counting
confidently upon having before long
a large and competent merchant
marine. The ships we shall doubt
less get very soon; but there is no
guarantee that we shall keep them
under American registry. Who is to
own and operate them after the war?
Who is to provide the crews and Of
ficers for such ships, Americans Of
the present day being VIGOROUSLY
averse to such a life? How are VIC
to meet competitive conditions un-
der the provisions of the seaman's
act and with a tonnage measure
ment practice which hampers us?
And lastly, most Importantly, where
are we to get cargoes for these ships,
seeing that other nations are also
ship building nations already es-
tablished in the carrying trade, I'M
less we provide the cargoes our
selves by the export of our manu-
features and the import of raw ma
terials?
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Class Tariffs
Are Opposed

Americans will not stand for
tariffs and subsidies in the interest
of any class. They will accept with
out hesitation a programme for ma
tional defence. They will have to
be educated in the conception that
the extreme individualism which has
been a national fetch will be fatal
to us in foreign trade, will weaken
our defences and make US a prey to
the more skilful nations, should they
desire to attack us.
Until an international organiza-
ton, scith poWer to enforce its de-
crees, shall have been established
the part Of prudence is to make our
own defences strong in every way.
There is no aggressive spirit toward
other nations among Americans; but
there is strong spirit of national
defence. We can be a better ally to
Great Britain or to France. We
Sct NC pCtICA pICH1ACO W oCc Ludt
justice is done to small or oppressed
peoples if our merchant marine is
made thoroughly self-supporting,
and if the profits of the carrying
trade and it's insurance remain in
our own hands.
These things are seen clearly by
a few men; they must be made the
common property of the nation and
shown to be in the interest Of the
whole people. 1t will not be an easy
task; but it is as important as the
proper training of soldiers and the
proper building of navy. Liberty
loans are educating our people in
certain economic principles of which
they had been densely ignorant; it is
time to begin their education in the
matter of a merchant marine and
foreign trade, with all that they
signify with respect to our wealth,
our safety and our honorable plan
among the nations of the earth.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17

crease Of wealth Of a special class
will not have the ghost Of chance
in this age Of exaggerated demo.
cratic feeling. That so much democ-
racy is wild and uneconomic, that
the plans Of the Bolsheviki and the
/. w. w. would abolish all that we
have held valuable in our own insti-
tutions and destroy the wealth which
has been in some degree common 20
employer and employee in this coun-
try, is all the more reason for tax.
ing steps both to make our COM
merce secure with respect to other
nations, that we may prosper in both
peace and war, and also for fur
thering good relations between CAPT.
tai and labor. If we do not succeed
in instilling sound economic prin-
ciples into our laborers and impart-
ing more sympathetic attitude
toward labor to our capitalists there
is grave danger that our whole eco
nomic structure as we'll as our demo-
cratic institutions may be threat
ened.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Labor 8 Interest
Is Vital

This is subject which can only
be touched upon here-but it is one
which must have careful and expert
handling at an early date. And it
cannot be handled without taking
into account the legitimate interest
which labor has in its proper solu-
ton.
AS has been pointed out by others,
notably by Mr.. o. P. Austin, stats
tician of the National City Bank, Of
New York, our exports hereafter
will be more largely manufactured
goods than foodstuffs and raw ma
terials. Some raw materials we
shall continue to export always, such
as cotton; but we are large import
ers of raw materials to-day and to
some extent, an increasing extent,
importers of foodstuffs, especially
meats. Only under the stress of war
and the needs of our allies could we
ever export large quantities of food
stuffs again. Our future exports, if
we are to preserve a proper balance
of trade, must be increasingly
manufactured goods. We have done
large business of this sort in a
haphazard way for many years. but
the proportion of manufactured
goods to our total exports has been
inadequate. And many Of our ex-
ported manufactures have not
yielded as much return as they
might because they are pretty nearly
raw materials.
Now; the particular details upon
any Of these subjects might be more
Interestingly and fully presented by
specialists in those lines. My sub
ject is rather one which does not
belong to the trade specialist. It is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
War Has Shown Me-
cessity of Removing
Restrictions Upon
Character and
Destination
of Cargoes
BY George Clarke Cox

w 7 HATEVER may be ones
wv views as to nationalism,
however, rn,1ch ono NAV
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17

Since the stoppage of most Of the
orewerles in Denmark the production
OF yeast, which is by-product in this
manufacture, has been greatly reduced.
1t is now proposed to make the manu-
facture of yeast separate industry in
which buckwheat will be the raw ma
ter1al. The government has forbidden
the use Of buckwheat for any other
purpose.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Facilities for
Watering"


On the Honolulu Stock and Bond
Exchange as Of December 81 there
were about sixty-five issues quoted
the total representing paid up"
capital Of about 100000, of
which over $8o,OOO,O0O stands for
the bonds and shares of sugar
plantations and mills. In passing I
must explain that under Hawaiian
corporation laws this paid up
capital has little more meaning than
IN other parts of the world where
loose enabling acts have opened the
doors to almost unrestrained CAPT.
tAisatiens. In Hawaii any FIVE per-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Converging Blunders

And still the problem needs to be
seen Ii its fundamentals. It is not
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Why We Have a
Food Problem
A Discussion of the Relative
Merits of Economic Sanity
and Prayer in Stimulating
Crop Production
By II. J. Davenport

Professor of Economics IN Cornell
University
Ut is said that a priest, leading
forth his spring professional for
Connecticut western news., 1918-03-21
WHY WE FIGHT.

"You are called into this great
service of your country not only for
the purpose of maintaining the ideals
for which America has always stood
democracy and freedom, and to
keep the torch of Liberty burning
throughout the world-but also for
this mere immediate object, the pro-
lection OF our national rights and the
democratic institutions handed down
TO us as the result of the valor and
blood of our ancestors Those are
the things for which You fight. .
From Secretary McAduo's Address
Connecticut western news., 1918-03-21
These Two-Year Notes Yield
7 iaoaoo q Interest

realize that this high of interest doubt the minds
people unused such attractive interest yield the
security This only
all warranted looking less of speculation
security which yielded than Today
approximately cent
Connecticut western news., 1918-03-21

which the steadily
central stations have capacity of % 300 horsepower The
of the Companys property exceeds SIX MILLION DOLLARS
outstanding bonds of the Company only $325300
Connecticut western news., 1918-03-21

diligently Judge for himself Tor herself) the
merits of this exceptional Opportunity for safe
In times of war and in times of
peace the services of The Connecticut Power
Company are in constant and growing demand.
Connecticut western news., 1918-03-21
Two Year Notes of The Connecticut Pc
But such is the case.

Company The Connecticut Power Company itself
that not local
The map, however tells the story
longer merely an illuminating
furnishing electric 80 cent OF the INDUS
You Judge the MERITS of these notes tor yourse
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1918-09-19

tricts. particularly ~ regards the
farmers and landowners. even In the
northern part Of Germany where the
scarcity Ii most felt. In the southern
part conditions improve still more,
resorts and hotels there still serve
meals at moderate prices. In the case
Of the Army. there has been but slight
deprivation; this has been fed at the
expense Of the civilian population.
"In German Poland. In manufac.
turing districts. and In the more
densely populated parts there has
been suffering quite visible In the
emaciation Of the people. which has
naturally impaired the efficiency Of
the German workman. who no longer
possesses full vigor; but II IL . mis-
take to believe that this has provok.
ed a strong current toward revolu.
t'on or any general iessening Of the
loyalty Of the people. They still pos.
sess faith In the invincibility Of the
military power. being purpossly kept
in ignorance Of the real condition on
the western front. not only - regards
German reverses but also the full
Significance Of Americas entry into
the war.
1T Is to the advantage Of our coun.
try and our cause that We should
know the actual conditions which
face Us In this great crusade for de-
mocracy 10 that We can more effect
lively direct our effort toward victory.
THE people OF the United States
are resolute and determined. The
country should rpalise that it, entire
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1918-09-19
IS NOT
STARVING SAYS
j. s. MINISTER

WASHINGTON. d. c., Sept. 10
Ire Nelson Norris. American Minister
to Sweden. who is In Washington;
has issued the following signed state
NEST with the sanction Of the State
Department:
~ have read reports on the Press.
since my return home. to the effect
that Germany 10 on the verge Of Star
walton. and find this to be the opin-
ion Of many with whom come In
daily contact. There can be no Ques.
tion that there IL shortage Of most
OF the essentials Of life. but to state
that this borders on the verge Of star.
walton 10 erroneous and misleading. I
base this statement on many reports
from reliable sources that have
rsaehsd me in Stockholm. There Is no
doubt that In many parts OF Germany
there 10 marked scarcity Of food and
that the civilian population has been
reduced to q minimum ration but
still receives sufficient for existence.
Conditions are better in the rural dis.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1918-09-19
CANALLYOUCAN
WHILE YOU Gan

Consider the ways Of the ant sad
be wise"
Oregon families are sarnsstly urs.
Cd to heed this old biblical axiom b.
the United States Food Administra-
tion. which gives warning that there
will b . great shortage Of canned
vegetables on the market this winter.
and that several varieties Of canned
vegetables viii b practically unob-
tainabls.
'Ths governmsat has reserved for
army and navy usss practically the
entire output Of the commercial can.
nsriss In many hnss." said Thomas
Farrell. chairman Of The Food "A.
Committee. end there will b only .
limited amount and scant variety Of
canned vegetables on the market. 70.
matoes corn. psas. and string beans
will b especially short. and wise
families will can or dry sufficient
supplies Of these for their needs By
homo methods. While Il 10 nov too
late for the canning Of peas, tomatoes
and corn are still plentiful In Oregon.
and some string beans are stiil avail.
able. The tomatoes can be canned
at home. and the string beans and
corn can b either canned or dried
BY simple methods. For drying corn
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1918-09-19

and beans should be blanced In hot
water or steam. for five to ten minu.
tes. then dried In the sunshine or In
the oven until free from moisture
and crisp. When used lated In the
winter they should be soaked In wat.
Or before cooking. 70 rebtore the
moisture eontent. and they will b
found to b equal. II not superior to
the canned product"
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1918-09-19

energy must Be put into the struggle
and must net be relaxed for . single
instant. There 10 no doubt Of VIC
tory 70 long - these moves By Ger.
many are plainly understood.
IRA N. NORRIS,
American Minister 70 Sweden"
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1918-09-19

Royal Tailored Salts and Over.
,i-.a ! XXX. X. STORE.