davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

in head design. In this case the
valves are placed in the head of
the combustion chamber and are
operated by means OF long vertical
rods, with rocker arms. These lat
ter are simply levers pivoted and
operated by the vertical rods,
which in turn are driven by a cam
shaft and pushrods as in the other
type The third valve assembly
type is the one used in T-head en-
gines.
In this type there are two cam
shaftA one actuating the inlst
valves, the other the exhaust
valves. The fourth type has its
valves In the head OF the cylin-
ders, but the camshaft is located
on top OF the cylinders instead OF
inside as the conventional practice
places them. The fifth type OF
valve Is that which we know as
the sleeve valves, which substi-
tutes sliding sleeves with ports
for the ordinary poppet valves.
The sleeve type Is driven by an
eccentric shaft, which corresponds
to the camshaft Of ordinary de-
sign.
The basic principles Of valve
gear operation are the same in all
types, except the sleeve valve de-
sign. The camshaft on which the
cams (egg-shaped protuberances)
are mounted is geared to the
crankshaft, so that it revolves in
conformity to the revolutions OF
the latter. AS IL revolVes, the
cams are brought in contact with
the followers on the valve LITTER.
which consists OF a pencil-like bit
of steel, which is free to move up
and down in a cage or guide. The
valve-lifter is forced upward by
the cam and in turn pushes the
valve open against the pressure OF
a spring. AS soon as the thrust Of
the litter is released again, the
spring at once closes the valve.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

Worn tappets Is another com
mon valve i'll. and one that causes
much annoyance. This causes a
slapping noise that is unpleasant.
The existence of this condition
may be determined by shaking the
tappet with tire fingers, after the
spring pressure has been removed.
Worn cams is another frequent
ly occurring valve trouble. The
worn cam slaps against the fol-
lower and in addition to the noise,
this causes a difference in the
lift OF the valve and this of course
means positive arrangement of the
systems functioning. In the case
OF the inlet valves. the worn
cam reduces the opening so that
not enough fuel is admitted to the
combustion chamber, while with
the exhaust valve, the time for
getting out the burned gases is SO
reduced that there will be trou-
Bile from this cause. The only
cure for worn cams is to install a
new camshaft.
Whenever II is necessary to
make requirements or repairs in
the valve system, the work must
always be done when the engine
Is hot These part normally run
hot and metal expands when
heated. SO that repairs made
when the engine is cold may not
fit accurately when the power
plant is warmed up.
Most owners realize to some ex-
tent that the valves must be kent
seating accurately. This means
grinding as occasion indicates the
need. Whenever the valves are
ground il is good plan to give
the springs the once over. Line
up the two sets OF springs. and
see that each unit of each set cor
responds with its fellows. The
exhaust valve springs are usually
a little longer than the inlet
springs, but this is Intentional.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

1t will be obvious that for a
service OF this sort, the utmost
accuracy of design and operation
is necessary. The valves must
open and close with the utmost
nicely or the essential functions
OF the engine are interfered with
and loss of power and general
operation ensues. Even II the
valve system has been correctly
designed and constructed in the
beginning. wear will eventually
cause arrangement of its func-
tioning. Therefore, the car owner
must expect trouble here sooner
or later.
1t is vitality essential that the
valve system shall have adequate
fabrication at all times. In many
engines OF today the valve mecha-
nism Is inclosed in the crank case.
where IL gets a continual splash
fabrication. This tends to keep
down wear and prevent the noise
that used to be so common in the
valves.
One of the commonest troubles
encountered in valve systems Is
the development OF excessive oil
flow down the sides of the valves.
This is caused by wear in the sys-
TEN. either of the stem or the
guide. and the prime cause may
be failure OF proper fabrication.
which has permitted rapid wear,
or II may be due to the fact that
the stem or tappet is worn, so
that the valve is thrust sideways
when It is lifted. The cure, in case
It is the guide that has worn, Is
to have the part reamed out and
then fit valves with oversize stems.
In some cases II is possible to At
bronze bushings in the guide and
use the same size stems, instead OF
taking 1t the other way round.
Circumstances will determine
which is the better repair.
Whenever for any reason the
valves are removed. II should be
made a rule to examine them for
bent stems, and also to see
whether there Is play in the guides.
In looking for beat stems. It Is
best to use a steel square, as the
eye is not able to detect the slight
misalignment that would yet be
enough to cause trouble.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28
BarncyOldficldJay:

Copyright, 1918. by King Features
Syndicate, Inc.)
One of the most important parts
in the make up OF the modern in
ternal combustion engine is the
valve system. The duty OF this
part Of the engine is to admit the
gasified fuel and expel the burned
gases after they have performed
their allotted function. II there is
any trouble in the valve system.
the whole operation OF the engine
VIII be deranged. II the inlet
valve does not permit just the
right quantity of fuel to enter the
combustion chamber at just the
right time, the power of the engine
VIII be seriously impaired. II the
exhaust valves do not permit the
burned gases to be gotten rid Of at
the proper moment, similar failure
or the power will be noticed. 1t is
very important then that the car
owner should understand some
thing about the valve system and
how to keep it in good working
order.
There are in common use today
I'VE distinct types OF valve gears.
The most popular is the type that
emoodies single cam-shaft, which
operates pushrods. controlling the
valves. This is the type that is
used in so-called L-head engines,
the commonest variety of power
plant in use today. The second
type Is what Is known as a valve
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

lower and right hand side OF bulbs
which will Eliminate all glare to left OF
road and above the proper height
II you cut one lamp out. driving with
the other one. cut out the right lamp.
and set the left one to throw the light
well across the road to the right. While
this is the reverse OF the usual custom.
1t throws the light rays away from the
driver OF cars meeting you. and makes
good light for you to locate the limit
OF driving on right side Of road. thus
making for safety for both drivers.
To connect lamps In series 50 that
right hand lamp may be cut out. leaving
left lamp bright, disconnect both termi-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28
A.A. A. TOURING
BUREAU REPORT

WASHINGTON = RICHMOND - 1872
n1iles-Conditions are now better than
they have been for several months. A
detailed survey OF various routes has
just been made and the best and
most practical route is as follows:
Leave Washington via Fourteenth
street south over highway bridge,
making turn to right at south end
over military road, following signs
through to Alexandria; just before
entering that town take right-hand
road at sign EITHER Road Into Alex
andria." Upon reaching railroad sta
ton turn left through underpass and
at next street turn right past brick
manufacturing plant then right on
Little river road for about one-half
mile to telegraph road, which turns
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

sign has been placed on the pole -
the left. In entering fredericksburg
it is necessary to detour to the left
for few miles over dirt road via the
free bridge, as the large toll bridge
was destroyed by ice last winter. Good
accommodations may he had in Fred
ericksburg at the Princess Anne Hotel,
near which are several good garages.
Leave the town via the National
Boulevard through Spottsylvania to
Partlow where just beyond the toll
gate detour to the right for about
ten miles returning to the main
highway at Coatesville. This is dirt
Just as soon as the bridge over the
North Anna river is completed it will
no longer be necessary to follow the
detour. With the exception OF this
one section, the road from Fred
ericksburg to Richmond is good
gravel. Excellent accommodations
may be had at Richmond and among
the best hotels are the Jefferson and
Ruegers.
"Aof1lNS1OEN III Hf1l1AOELHttlA,
Isl miles-In view OF construction work
and bad roads about Wilmington il
is now better to follow an entirely
different course after reaching Bel
air, Nd. From Washington leave
over Bladensburg road over the main
pike which is rapidly being improved
although there is still one short dusty
detouT just beyond Laurel and via
Annapolis Junction. There are a few
sections of badly worn macadam, but
these offer 20 difficulty IL Travelled
slowly. Before entering Baltimore
turn sharp left over Union street 20
wilkins avenue then right to Fulton. |
to North avenue and right to Belair |
road, which is followed to Belair.
At this town turn sharp left passing |
the courthouse on right then turn |
right at large stone church contin-
uing via Conowingo free bridge
through Oxford, West Grove, Kennett |
Square, Menden Hal, Concordville,
Ward, Media, and Landsdowne into
Philadelphia via Baltimore avenue,
Fifty-second street and right on
which is a one-way east
travel street At Twenty-second and
Chestnut is the A. A. A. Philadelphia
club garage, where members SHOULD
leave cars. The Rittenhouse and Al
dine Hotels are within a few blocks.
There are some sections of this routs
which would be muddy when wet but
a greater part is fine macadam or
concrete. II
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

mails Of light wire in timer assembly. 20
they viii not be used. Now connect IN
lamp with light switch Disconneet
ground wire OF left lamp. and runAa
wire from this lamp to a three-point
switch placed convenient 10 drivers
hand. and connect 50 that current may
be continued through to the right lamp,
or grounded at the switch. which win
cut out the right lamp, leaving left one
bright. Right lamp must be grounded
at all times to complete the circuit zsc
A p. KILBOURNR ~
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

OF cities have been called OF at the
request OF the Fuel Administration.
Besides saving gasoIene the cessation
OF racing will release mechanics and
operators for military transport and
aeronautic service.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28
BAN AUTO RACES

The Fuel Administration has placed
automobile races under the ban be-
cause of gasolene shortage. Races
which were to be held in a number
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28
FREE! Barney OIdfieId'S
- Saving Tire Money

For many years have been studying
the tire problem. | have learned many
valuable lessons in my touring and racing
know how to save money on tires, how TO
obtain maximum results. Ny knowledge
has come from costly experiments and
neglects. You ought TO know. To help
you to that knowledge, TO save you money
have written all know in special handy
form. The readers of this paper are
offered it free. Send cents or a Self-ad-
dressed envelope, to cover the cost of mail
ing, ETC., to me, care of this paper, and this
valuable tire talk will be sent you by return
mail. Let me pass along that which has
cost me much money and save you many
dollars.
BARNEY OLDFIELDi
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

Your Money should Net he NeutraI
Enlist II In The Fourth Loan.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-28

Dig In! Buy Bonds. Garry On! Buy
More Liberty Bonds.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
TWIN LAKES

June 5.-Jack Stoltman and Martin
Deering made business trip to Little
Falls Tuesday.
Hugo Larson and Anton Shulz return.
ed from Duluth Tuesday, where they
were employed for some time.
John Deering and E. D. Larson were
county seat callers on Tuesday.
John Schippritt was working on the
road near Twin Lakes Tuesday. .
G: H. Carlson was a city visitor Tues
day.
D. Carlson came up from Duluth Tues:
day afternoon, where he has been EN-,
ployed for some time.
Peter Douroff and Joe Stoltman came
up from Brainerd Tuesday.
Frank Milbauer bought a new car last
Monday. =
Those who were in Little Falls on bus
mess Saturday were Joe Piehowski and
sister Rose, John Deering, John Olek,
Bill Larson, Joseph Cimenski, Aug Ke-
drowski, Jack Stoltman and Ole Oker-
man.
John Deering was county seat call
or Monday.
Paul and John Deering, Bill, Hugo
and Edwin Larson made a fishing trip
to Round lake Wednesday morning.
j. w. johnson bought new car last
Monday.
A Red Cross dance will be given on
Monday evening in John Piehowski s
large barn at Twin Lakes.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
MAY SHIP PRODUCTION:
GREATEST IN HISTORY
Forty-fovr Vessels Were Completed
and Delivered to the Shipping
Board. i =. 20

Washington, June Con the heels
Of the German submarine raid in the
north Atlantic, the shipping board
announced that production. of new
vessels in May was the greatest of
any month in the history of the ma
ton. There were. completed and de-
lfvered to the shipping board A. ships,
totalfng 263.571 tons, three times the
output Of January and vice that o.
February.
Production Of the first five months
OF the year is we'll along toward 1.00O,-
900 tons. which officials expect to be
passed this month.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
PAGE EIGHT
BRICKYARDS

June 5.-Miss Elsie Savage entertain
ed 1T party Saturday evening in hon
or of Miss Lucille Smith Of Minneapo-
lis, who is visiting friends here and at
Little Falls this week. Games and mu'
sic were the amusements.
Miss Ruth johnson and brother Axel
motored to Minneapolis Saturday, re-
turning Monday. Their sister Delia,
accompanied them home for visit.
Miss Ethel Anderson closed sue:
cessful term Of school at Green Frame
last Wednesday.
J. Carlson Of Guyana arrived Satur'
day for two weeks visit at his home
here.
Choir members of the Norwegian Lu'
theran church Of Little Falls were en-
tertained at the home Of Mr.. and Mrs
G. Larsen last Thursday.
Fred Larsen, who enlisted in the cav
airy short time ago, has been trans
ferrcd from Jefferson barracks, to San
Benito, Texas.
Mr.. and Mrs. C. A. Lindquist and so1
Carl visited Sunday at the home OF MI
and Mrs. N. Nelson Of Little Falls.
Mrs. M. Scott left Thursday for
visit with relatives in the twin cities.
Mrs. j. Donnelly Of Little Falls Wis
tied Sunday at the E. o. Westbere
home.
Misses Clara Krause and Elizabeth
Ringwelski of Little Falls called OF
friends here Sunday.
Frank Malerich Of Little Falls is Wis
iting at the home Of his brother, j
Malerich, this week.
J. Hamilton returned home from st
Gabriel's hospital Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. s. Geek and children
visited relatives at Swan River Sun
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. O. F. Lindquist Of Lit
tie Falls visited Tuesday evening al
the C. A. Lindquist home.
Miss Mary Vielinski is clerking al
the Penney store in Little Falls.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
SOUTHWEST DARLING

June Glow fields are standing in
the water on account Of the rains.
Everything is growing fine. Rye is
about three and a half feet tall and
heading out. 49,
Albert Zimmerman is breaking more
land for corn.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arvid Nelson and chill
dren of Mandan, N. D., are here on a
visit to Mr.. Nelson 3 parents.
We hear that Arthur Regneu is in
France. ..4+. ...
Albin sanders9n is reshingling Mrs.
Tilda Rendahl's kitchen today.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
BASEBALL.
American Association.

American Association.
indianapolis. 2 Minneapolis. 2.
Toledo, i; St: Paul, 0.
Milwaukee, 8; Columbus, 6.
Kansas City, 1; Louisville, O..
American League.
Chicago, s; Philadelphia, 3.
New i ork, 5; St. Louis, =,
Washington. 5; Detroit, I'll inn..
Cleveland, :; Boston, 4 Go inn.)
National League.
Cincinnati, Z; Philadelphia, 4.
New York, 4; Pittsburgh, 8.
Brooklyn, 2; St. Louis, O..
Chicago, Z; Boston, 3.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
Dark New York Photographed. :

New York, June Con the results
of Photographic observations obtained
by army aviators, who few over dark
ened New York, will be determined
the question Of further darkening the
city as q precaution against possible
German air. raids, it was stated. Elec
tric signs and and all lights, except
street lamps and lights in dwellings
we're out by order of Police Commits
sioner Enright, at the suggestion Of
the War department officials, and II
was New York's darkest night 80
many years. 81. s.s.s
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
CULDRUM

June 5-Mr. and Mrs. Earl Barr and
children of st. Cloud and Chas. Ding
man Of Foley were visitors at the D.
H. Campbell home Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Willis Biggerstaf made
a short visit at the home Of MI. and
Mrs. Chas. Bulow Monday. They went
to Little Falls Tuesday, where they are
planning on making their home.
Mrs. Esterly and daughter Florence
Of Minneapolis are visiting with Mrs.
Esterly's brother, Chas. Bulow and
family.
A number of farmers from this vi.
cinity went to Osakis Tuesday, to hear
Chas. Lindbergh ana Gov. Linn Frazer
Of Dakota, speak at the league meet
ing. A very large crowd was in attend
ance and fine time was had.
The following families were fishing
and picnicking at Big Swan lake Sun
day: M. J. Meaden, B. Drager, F. G.
strochein, z. A. James, o. Easwold and
Bert James.
D. II. Campbell has got the wreckage
of his barn torn away and is preparing
to rebuild it right away.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
Butter, Euqs and Poultry.

Minneapolis, June 6.-BUTTER-
Creamery extras, per lb. 40c; extrs
firsts, SOC; flrsts, 3Sc; seconds, &c;
dairy, 34c; packing stock 29c. ~.
EGGS-Fresh prime firsts, new
cases, fresh SIC; current receipts
new cases, $500; old cases, $50,
checks and seconds, doz., 26c; dirties
candled, zoe. Quotations on eggs in
clude cases. -. 49,. -,
LIVE POULTRY-Turkeys, fat
10 lbs. and over, Csc; thin, small, 100
12c; cripples and culls, unstable; Oh
and young ROSTERS, 19c; ducks, zoe:
geese, 15c; hens, 81 lbs. and over
24c; under 3k lbs. 21c.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
Omaha Live Stock.

Omaha, June clog receipts. 10,
300; higher; heavy $16.50@16.65;
mixed, $16.65@16:75; light, $16.70@
80; pigs, $12@16; bulk Of sales
SIG. 66@16.75. Cattle receipts, S,000i
best beef steady; others low; year
lings, lower; native steers, $14@17.33i
COWS and heifers, $11.50@14; stock
ers and feeders, $7.50@13; calves, So.
50@11.50; bulls. stays, etc. $S@12.50
Sheep receipts. 800; market steady;
wethers $14.50@16.50; ewes, .$10@
$13.25; lambs, $15@19.6o; yearlings
$16@17.50.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
CASUALTIES MT NORTHWEST
SIXTEEN MINNESOTA ARTILLERY,
e. MEN ARE WOUNDED.
iowa Regiment In Rainbow Division
Has Twenty-eiQht Men Killed and
Six Wounded.

Washington, June 6.-Sixteen men,
bers Of the 151st Field Artillery First
Minnesota Artillery have been severe
" wounded in action.
The last casualty list gave the
names Of 40 killed, wounded, missing
and captured. and the fact that 80 Of
that number were killed, the largest
number reported in any previous cas-
ualty list, indicates, inasmuch as a
majority of the men were from states
represented in the Rainbow division,
that there has been much action in
the Luneville sector in French Lor-
Taine.
The members of the Minnesota regi-
ment wounded are: Private John J.
Mccarthy, st. Paul; Harry c. Martz.
st. Paul; Henry Furchner, st. Paul;
Walter Muff, st. Paul; George H.
Morgan, St. Paul; Clayton Randall.
St. Paul; Herman H. Pretzel. Still
water; Walter G. Nelson. Hutchlnson'
Fred w. Putney, Hutchinson; E. K.
Kelly. Minneapolis; Hans Thorstad,
Minneapolis; Lawrence Brlssen, VII
ginia: Nicholas Becker, White Bear;
A. F. Osbourne, Book; Leroy Paul, Lit
tie Canada; Charles Wagner, st. Paul.
For the first time the list Of casu.
alties announced by the war depart
ment contains. no names OF men
slightly wounded, indicating that the
government has dropped its policy Of
announcing the names Of men receiv'
ing wounds regarded as negligible.
Iowa received the bulk of the casual
ties That state is represented in the
Rainbow Division by a regiment OF
infantry which formerly was a Ma
tional Guard organization. 1t Is be-
lieved all the Iowa casualties were
from that regiment. :. ><.,> ):
The Iowa regiment has % killed and
six severely wounded.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07

A large number OF people gathered
at the high school Sunday evening to
hear the baccalaureate address to
the high school graduating class, given
by Rev. A. LaMothe. It was an able
address, well given and interesting.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
E ASST DARLING

June 4.-Alfred Frederickson is home
and we are pleased to hear is improv-
ing. =: al
Miss Hilda Swanson of st. Paul is
here on q visit to relatives. ~ -,
s. Hammerbeck was out here to see
his friends. .t '.,'.'' =.
John Nelson, who is in the, army, is
home on a visit. -, IN
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07

Charged with having broken into the
Milo and appropriating about 100 tick.
cts, four youngsters were brought be-
fore Judge Lyon last Saturday. The
cases were continued to tomorrow when
the matter will likely be disposed Of.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
CHICAGO Grain.

Chicago, June Corn, Juno $1.31
4; July, $1.30h; Oats, June. 73h;
July, 67%. =.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
South St. Paul Live Stock,

south 81 Paul 1--we Stock.
South st. Paul, June 6.-Estimatea
receipts at the Union Stock Yards,
Cattle, 1000; calves, 100; hog1
6,100; sheep, 80; cars, 165.
! Cattle-Steers, $9@17; COWS, $500.
50; calves, $7.15@13.50; hogs, $16.50@
1915; sheep and lambs, $13@17.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1918-06-07
Duluth Flax,

Duluth, June 6.-Flaxseed, July, So
n; Oct, $3.471s.