davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
When Boards Were Taxed.

In the reign of Elizabeth every
beard of fortnight'S growth was sub
ject to n tax. Peter the Great, in
17O5, imposed tax upon tho hoard,
of the Russian mobiles Of 100 rubloH,
while the common peoples beard tax
amounted to one kopcc. This tax
caused much dissatisfaction, but IN
spite Of this the inpost was eN:en!"d
to st. Petersburg In TIA. The taS
on boards was confirmed by Catherine
I in 1926, by Peter II in 1923. hv Em'
press Anne in 1881, and in 1743 b.
the Empress Elizabeth. 1t was re-
pcaled by Catherine II in 17G2. In
France bead tax was imposed upon
the clergy. The celebrated Duprat.
lord high chancellor of France, was
the adviser of the measure, and q bull
was published by the pope cnioinInS
the clergy to shave their chirrS. Then
Il tax was levied by the king upon all
who wished to be exempted from The
harsh decree. The bishop and others
who could afford the means paid the
tax, hut the poorer clergy were obliged
to yield at the point of the raZor.-
London Tit-BitS.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Iwo Senatora for Each State.

Congress consists Of two senators
from each state, the smallest state az
well as the largest, and number Of
representatives. according to populn-
ton. The basis of representation, or
number of inhabitants for represen-
tative Is fixed by congress under each
recurring census so as to secure ade-
quate representation for every state
without making the house too large
and unwieldy. The Constitution Of
the United States, adopted in 1889,
said the number of representatives
should not exceed one for every 10000
of population, and as no census had
yet been taken, 10000 was adopted as
the ratio Of representation and the
population of the different states was
estimated. BY this process the first
house of representatives consisted of
65 members. Since then congress has
passed 13 apportionment acts, under Is
different censuses, changing the basis
of representation every time except
once.
In 1900 and in 1910 the ratio was
fixed at one representative for $4,000
population. In 1920 the ratio was In
creased to $4,000, and 1t has been In.
creased every tenth year since till 1t Is
now 211877, while the membership OF
the house has increased from 65 to 435.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
LEARNING WHITE MANS WAYS
Eskimos Said to Be Making Crafty
Ing Progress as Result Of Mis-
sionaries' Teachings.

On Herschel island, where the sun
shines continuously for eight weeks in
summer, the Esklmos had Il sun dance,
not always clothed in the garments of
propriety, a writer in an exchange says.
They had an idea that when the sun
came back it's movements were direct
ed by an invisible power, but they had
no tangible conception of God. They
had no belief in future life, either
OF reward or punishment. Today they
are religious, truthful, kind to their
children and to the aged. They are
ambitious to learn; they are practical,
extremely Industrious, sanitary in
their habits, well clothed and we'll
housed. Insanity is unknown, but tu'
berculoSs is common.
They whale in summer and trap in
winter. They are clever in trading,
good workers on land, water and ice,
and take excellent care of their house
hold effects. Tools, If broken, are
neatly repaired. When on Herscbel
island or at Fort Mcpherson, they eat
the white mans food with great rel
ish. In summer they eat their fish and
blubber raw and in winter frozen. They
like food cooked, but 1t is a matter
Indifference to them. They will
ter for the white mans food, eat a
hearty meal of 1t, and then go out and
eat blubber and raw fish as dessert
The contents of deer's stomach they
consider great delicacy.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Bio Oil Supply.

Last year the United States pro-
duced 341, 100000 barrels of crude oil,
approximately 6S per cent Of the
worlds consumption. In 1915 Its
share was about 65 per cent. A large
part of the fuel oil used by the Brit
ish navy comes from Mexico. Last year
Mexico produced 60,0O0O00 barrels,
about 2O00O,OO0 barrels over the out
put the year before. Russia in 1917,
produced 100000 barrels, falling
off of about 100000 barrels from the
1916 production. In the Dutch East
Indies 100000 barrels were pro-
duced last year and 100000 barrels
the year before. Roumania in 1917
produced 100000 barrels as COM
pared with 100000 the year pre-
vious. Most of the Roumanian oil
fields are now under control OF Ger
many.-The Pathfinder.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
OLD GOTHIC BARNS
Great Structures in England
Similar to Village Churches.
UnapproachabIe In Dignity; Beautiful
as cathedrais; No ostentation Of
the Builders Art.

The great old stone barns of Eng
land, dating, many of them, from the
fourteenth century, are, comparatively
speaking, little known to the general
public, says the Christian Science
Monitor. The beautiful architecture
to be found in the English village
churches has received its full need Of
appreciation, and so, though possibly
in slightly less degree, have the
fine old manor houses which dot the
countryside and provide most inter-
esting study In the local variations
which occur In the generally prevail
ing style at any given period; The
barns, however, have been rather neg
lected, and literature on the subject is
practically nOneXistent.
Yet the barn is intimately baund up
with the history Of the neighborhood
in which 1t stands, and where, for pos
sbly nearly 500 years, 1t has been ful.
filling practically the same emlnently
important functions, with little change,
FOR the benefit of the folk in its neigh
bOrhood The methods Of the farmer
may vary, but the general routine OF
the countryside goes on, much the
same, century after century, and the
great barns still stand ready to house
the peoples food as they have done.
summer and winter, for so many hun
dred years.
These old Gothic barns are very
dlgnihed and very beautiful buildings,
comparable In some ways to the VII
lase churches whose contemporaries
they are, and If they are less ornate,
they are, In their simplicity, hardly
less imposing Indeed. some people
would give the balance In favor OF
the barns In this matter,
It is by no means always an easy
matter to tell the precise date OF
these barns at first sight, but some
times there Is a little carving, bit
of tracery or a final which will supply
the clew, or possibly again, the form
Of buttress may afford an indica.
ton; but fortunately there are gener'
ally local records to which access may
be had containing details Of the origin
and foundation of the barns.
Among the famous fourteenth CEN
fury barns Of England are those AZ
Glastonbury. Wells and Pilton in Som.
ersetshire, Great Coxwell In Berkshire
and Abbotsbury in Dorsetshire. These
are all what may be described as barns
of the first magnitude; great cruel
form buildings which may well vie in
size and dignity with many churches.
OF the barn at Great Coxwell, VII.
liam Morris said that 1t was "unap-
proachable In Its dignity, as beautiful
as n cathedral yet with no ostentation
of the builders art" and he always
declared that 1t was one Of the finest
buildings In England or anywhere else.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04

Blacksmith Work All That W1s Le.:
for French Woran after lius.
band Had Fallen.

I can give you no better mtornGctr'
tion of the character Of French Wo0l1n-
hood than to attempt to visualize Nh"s
will always remain in my memory ~
the most touching sight | hay" r"t
seen in the war. Isaac r. Marr,s>1n
writes in the Saturday Even'n"' Post
1t was In the devastated reGion whore
the Hun had left a trail Of ruined
towns, blackened forests and dpSloilnd
land in his wake.
I was on my way back fron the
front. chilled and depressed BY the
horizon of waste that hemmed me in.
Suddenly heard Il steady hammering
"a strange sound 1t was in 'he ritst
of such 1esolatiOn-and no loneliness
Is quite so utter as the solitude Of the
ravagcd places. I stopped my car, got
out and walked toward q di|apid0ted
house--the only structure with four
walls TINT remained in what was nnce
n thriving hamlet. When ! reached
the spot this is what ! saw,
A woman stood at an ilnnrovisod an
vii, heating out a horseshoe. Her hus.
band. as learned, had been a black
smith. He hnd fallen in battle and
she wore his uniform. A child plnyec
at her feet while the snarts flew nD-
ward. All she had in the world, save
this mite Of humanity and the ruins
of her home had been wiped out by
the war. Even the roof above her
head was wrecked, Yet she kept to
the task that Ind once sustained her.
Rptwcen the strokes Of her hammer
could hear the boom of the far away
guns. sounding like the doom notes n
the last act Of "Aida." 1t was thrill
ing and unforgettable contrast.
The woman Of that rude forge was
the hernic incarnation OF defiant will
the symbol of her sex. Some great
artist might have painted the scene
and made II the companion picture or
the great canvas that depicts Joan Of
Arc walking with her vision In the
little churchyard at Domremy. These
two daughters of france are of the
same immortal sistcrhood.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
KEEP HIM REASONABLY BUSY
Preacher Serving in Y. Nj C. A. "Hrt"
In Training Camp Finds His
Duties Many and Varied.

If there is Il notion that Y. NJ. G. A.
work in the camps consists in selling
stamps and handing out pocket teSta-
nicnts. let it be diSSipated at once.
One preacher, serving in Il hut in Il
New Jersey camp reports that he has
done almost everything under the sun
except preach.
lie has built fires, swept floors,
looked after hundreds of packages of
laundry, umpres basketball games, or
ganizcd Il glce club, Stagc-managed
circus, sold ice cream at the cantccn,
and driven u tl!vver ten miles and
back three times II week to provide
said cream. He has written letters
home for boys who could not write,
and he has taught those same boys
their first lessons in the English Ian
guace. He has been Il repository for
hundreds of heart secrets, and he has
served as trustee for the care of as
many as thirty Liberty bonds at Il
time.
Perhaps oldest of his many tasks
was one that came his way on wild
and stormy night in April, when the
master of arms at the military station
entered the "Y" hut after taps, carry
ing red box under his arm.
"Say," said the master of arms,
"we've got a lot of T. n. T. mines
stored at the station. Here's the det-
onators, in this box. There's conSid-
cradle lightning around, and it isn't
safe to leave these things close to the
mines. Would you just as soon take
care of the box over night?"
The Red Triangle man slept that
night (or tried to sleep) with enough
high explosive under his cot to blow
him half way to heaven.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
SUGAR 12 to is Cents a Pound.

In these days of tribulation, when
everything rises but fathers wages, we
all very consistently bemoan the high
cost Of livino. But this, observes Pop
ular Science Monthly, Is not the first
and only time that prices have been
high. During the Civil war wages ran
from SLIP a day for laborers to 81 a
day for skilled workmen. This, how
ever, did not prevent shave from cost
ing 10 cents or haircut 20 cents.
Hotel rates were $1.50 to So day,
and Ice, which was considered great
luxury, was supplied at 80 cents a
week for 10 pounds daily. Strangely
enough sugar was the chief bone Of
contention In those days, too, and 1t
cost IL to Is cents a pound.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
TheRector'S
Vacation
~0
By MABEL J. BouRouIN
,pyright, 1918, by the Mcclure Newsps-
per Syndicate.)

NSODyTl8Hty AoAop W sAS
per syndicate)
Rev. Robert Nelson sat In his study
with a look on his high-bred face that
showed more Of trouble than annoy
ance, and 1t was occasloned by the
presence of the vestry In the room.
The vestrymen were III at ease and
they had come on strange mission.
The words of the silver-haired
senior warden mingled confusedly IN
his mind with a picture from past
days.
II hope you understand why we
make this proposition, Mr.. Nelson.
You have served the church here very
acceptably, and We certainly appre-
ciate the fact that you have declined,
for the sake of the poor and the SICK
of the town, to take vacation dur
ing the two years that you have been
with us. We have found, too, that you
have taken the money you would have
spent thus to provide outings for poor
mothers. There is not person In the
parish who Is not your sworn FRIEND
and who is not better for your being
here.
II hope / can make myself plain.
sir, for 1t is not an easy thing l have
to say. But for the last two months
or more you have not been looking
we'll, and-you will pardon me-there
seems to be difference in your SER
mons. They lack courage and seem to
come from heart that Is overbur-
dened. If you are in trouble Of any
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04

When people
passed by during the daytime they
did not say anything at all, they
made funny noise, which was sup
posed to sound quite mysterious and
wonderful, and then they did their
work.
But they understood each other
quite easily.
II suppose it's business" said
Reddy.
"Sure," said Reddy again.
~ always like good day-a day
when there's plenty of business, for
the masters sake, but do think It's
all a joke"
"Jnst the way I feel about it," said
Bluey,
Now Bluey and Reddy stood all day
on top of stand. They had little
dishes Of grain and seeds and water,
and when business was dull they had
their meals.
Their master carried this stand
from place to place and Bluey and
Reddy always went along. They were
very handsome. with the most exquls-
lite Of plumage, but, oh, what voices
they had!
1t was their pride that. they could
be heard a mile off. but they did not
try too much Of this In the daytime.
They thought they might frighten peo-
pie, but they certainly made enough
noise to attract people to them, and
to encourage them to help along the
business.
Now, the business consisted Of for
tune-telling. There were many pieces
of paper in little box, and written
on these bits of paper were fortunes
of many kinds. These fortunes told
folks that they'd become very wealthy
or very poor Some said they would
have hard times ahead. but that bet
ter times would come soon. Others
said they would have great deal or
luck In the next year, and again
fortune said that the lucky one who
received this fortune would take
long and wonderful Journey and meet
rich man at the end, and that they
would live happily ever after, as the
Old-fashioned story used to say.
These macaws would poke their
beaks down into the little box and pick
out fortune of piece of paper with
the printing upon it.
They were supposed to tell by the
looks of the person what sort OF
fortune he should have. They did
nothing else but hand out fortunes
all day long, and the master would
say:
"Come and have your fortune told
by either Reddy or Bluey. Only costs
ten cents"
Many people would come up and
Reddy or Bluey would pick out a for.
tune, and the people would 90 away,
reading the piece Of paper In very
interested fashion.
II think" said Reddy, "its good
joke, and It's all right If folks take IT
that way. But when they believe
these fortunes-that makes me mad
1t makes me think so little Of people
Why the other day, u little girl came
up to have her fortune told. and ]
picked out piece of paper for her.
81 never know which paper I'm pick.
ing out. l pretend to look at the per-
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Wire Splints for WOUNDS.

A new kind of surgical spint in
which galvanized wire netting takes
the place of wood has been put on the
market, says the Popular Science
Monthly. The steel entering into the
construction of this woven vile splint
is so tenpered that it can bc nodded
by hand. Being galvanized the wire
is steriized and at the same ime weld
ed into single piece that cHnnot fray
out at loose ends.
AS it is porous. 1t allows n certain
amout of evaporation and air crcula-
ton to the dressings beneath, which
wood or plaster does not. The splint
comes roll?d like Il band0ge and Is
lighter and less hulky than wooden
splints.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Many Lambs Killed by RattIers.

Rattlers, always plentiful in parts
of Washington state, are this year
more numerous thln in any previous
season. Shecpmen are lurc.b!y re-
minded of the fact by the loss Of
lambs. Older sheep know the menace
in the tattoo Of the rNttlesnake, and
will change their course at the sound.
but the lambs are often bitten. There is
nothing that can b. dcn" for the re-
lief of a lamb which hg3 been bitten.
1t dies in little while. Seattle Post
Intelligencer.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04

little girl marrying real, grown up
prince.
"GraciOus She must study ana
play, and have a glorious long child
hood before she should marry and
become grown-up. But it taught
her that fortunes hadn't so very much
sense. Sometimes they happen to hit
things right.
"But she had believed In them be-
fore. and 1t showed her that no one
knew what her fortune was going to
be-"
"Yes," said Bluey, fortunes are lots
of fun, but it seems too bad that
there are many foolish people who
think they're true"
"And how we laugh at them when
they believe the fortune we pick out"
laughed Reddy, in his shrieking voice,
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Their Last Day Together.

kind, we shall deem 1t a privilege to
help you, II we can. hope you do not
consider us ofticious. Mr.. Nelson"
"On the contrary, Mr.. Grayson. l am
deeply grateful for your sympathy. but
i have no trouble that anyone can
help"
"Then we shall have to conclude
that you are worn out and sadly In
need of a rest. SO we have come to you
with the proposal that you take a
leave OF absence for three months.
This Is hardly the time Of year to
propose such a thing but the case
seems to demand 1t. We will take care
lof matters in the parish until you come
back Go somewhere-take an ocean
voyag, II you wish but, at least. come
back with that strained look gone and
that tired note out Of your voice. We
love you too much not to want to help
you"
The old warden laid his hand on the
younger mans shoulder, his voice
broke and the rector's eyes filled with
tears. Finally the minister broke the
silence. ~ deeply appreciate your
offer, and while ! do not feel that ]
need vacation your friendship means
too much to me to disregard your ad'
vice and such an unselflsh request
u hope to be able to serve you better
when | return. l do not know where
/ shall 90, but will inform you as soon
las can decide. shall probably start
I'm the morning."
When he was alone he sat down and
looked again into the flames. There
he saw what he had borne In his heart
for the past three months-a girls
face. No wonder his sermons had
suffered! He wondered that with his
Gays and nights Of torture he had been
able to attend to his parish duties at
all. A vacation seemed mockery.
What he needed was hard work to helm
him to forget. But after all, did
he want that7 Instead, with each pass-
ing day, he pressed his own thorn into
his wounds afresh, and he knew that
he was not helping to answer his own
prayers.
Where could he go2 There was but
one person he longed to see, and that
he dared not do. Six months before
he would have gone joyfully to dozen
different places, where the eager faces
of old friends would have gladly wei.
Ieomed him. Now, he thought of but
one. Shut out from that, the world
was blank.
One afternoon In the preceding July
Robert Nelson sat In a boat on the
river, with a white, tense face, listen.
ing to refusal from the lips of a girl
who was no less agitated than he.
Two months before, Muriel WarInR
had come with her mother from the
neighboring city to spend some weeks
with relatives. From that Sunday
morning when the young rector had
first seen her kneeling In his church,
he knew that she was the woman he
had dreamed Of from boyhOod, and he
gave her the love and reverence that
only such man can give to woman
who is fitted to be his mate.
The worldly Mrs. Waring did not
realize that her carefully trained
Daughter could think Of poor coun-
try clergyman. and permitted her to DO
as she pleased. SO there followed
Weeks Of long walks. visits TO tRs pay
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
War Prisoners to Form Club.

A dozen British prisoners Of war
who had escaped from Germany met
at dinner recently given In London
to celebrate their escape. At this din
ner 1t was decided to form club,
membership of which was to be con-
fined to those who have succeeded in
making their way ont Of prisoners
of war or internment camp in Ger
many. The site of the club premises
has not yet been settled, but the club
will certainly be the most novel thing
Of its kind in london.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
SLIGHTLY Nervous.

Flanagan, a brand new soldier, was
placed on guard one dark night. Fail
ing to see another soldier approaching
until he was almost beside him, Flan
igan nearly jumped out of his skin
but managed to quaver: "Wwho e.
goes thereY" On being told the fell
lows name, and finding out for sure
that he wasn't going to be killed right
away, says Flanagan, recaining his
courage: advance thea ard give the
discount"
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Divisions Of Time,

Solar time means sun time at
any given point. Standard time
is system of time reckoning
devised by the railroads, by which
the United States from the Atlantic to
the Pacific coast is divided into four
zones, each extending over Is degrees
of longitud, and with time variation
of one hour in each zone or belt Thus,
while every zone has a different time,
that is standard time at all points with
In the zone.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04

Wheat shipments from the Argentine
10 Great Britain for the first week In
June were 2,411 900 bushels as against
10000 for the corresponding week last
year. The total shipment since Jan
uary 1st 10 over twice as much as dur
ing the first Ave months OF 1917
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
A Lean Year Hint.

"When we get better acquainted"
said he, II shall cnu you by your first
name"
"All right she rejoined. "And l
hope our acquaintance will reach the
point where my friends can call me
by your last name.~
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Makes a Difference.

"The young man before marriage Is
light and gay. She's all the world &c
him"
'Why does he look so careworn after
mnrriagef"
"IIe has the world on his shoulders
then"
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
MaY Have ttappened.

"ThiS paper tells OF Il man passing
himself off rs woman for 70 years.
Now | WONDER"
"What do you wnnder|
'If ever gave ny my seat to that
lobster on the street car"
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
The Dominant Personality

"DopS your boy Josh cause You nny
worry?'
"Some" replied FHrn"r CornlnSS"l.
"Whilr he's gone /" war We Cln'l hip
Worryin' 'huUt whether we're runnin
the place to suit him"
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04

son and t h e n
think about 1t,
but l don't at all.
l fuss a little bit
and then take the
piece ! hit upon
last.
"Well, the for.
tune this little
girl had said that
she was going to
tako q long jour-
ney and marry a
brince. Imagine
I: little girl leav-
inr school at this
time Of the year
and imoUinQ a
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Experjentia Docet.

First Bach-Let's ask Peck. He's
married and will be able to speak
from experience.
Second Bach-On the contrary, he'll
keep his mouth shut from experience.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
IciiinG ThinCs.

"You can tell more about woman
by looking mt III" man with her th:n
by looking at her" remarked the wise
individual
"And you'd better tell less about
her" counterrd the silly individual.
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Patience ON a Pullman.

"When do You expect to arrive at
your destinHtion?"
Hadn't thought of that. When !
travel now | >iinply get on board a
train and wn!! and see what happcn>.'
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Not Quite.

"It was III" sure way the cnvPnan
took to secure his Iudy love by pur-
suing her and knocking her h"" n"
"Oh, | don't know. Even then II
was case of hit and miss"
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
The Dancer.

"The gay young lieutenant hHvin,
good time with all those pretty
girls Is taking big chances"
an what W;Iy?"
"Isn't il always dang rous when
spark gets near too much powder"
Catoctin clarion., 1918-07-04
Same Home,

Father-I want my daughter to
have as good a home after marriage
as she had before.
Suitor-I want her to have the
same.