davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-08-04

abroad, has persisted, notwithstanding
various efforts on the part of Brazil to
establish her dominance within the boun-
diaries of the little known region immedi
ately north of the Amazon. 1t is true that
the people of Counani are in the main of
aboriginal stock, much after the manner
of our native Indians, the difference being
that the Counanians far outnumber the
settlers of Spanish or other origin who
have penetrated that section Of South
America in the last half hundred years.
The Counanians, in order to make plain
the justice Of their cause, published a
diplomatic paper, called "Red Book No.
B." in 1906, and copy Of this has been
on file in our State Department at Wash
ington ever since. There is much in that
pamphlet to appeal to free spirited Amer
leans, and the claims there adduced should
properly be considered apart from the
Vaccinations of men like the Baron de
OFT and his kind. The Brazilian Govern
ment has done little or nothing toward
developing the region in question, but the
increasing value of rubber, tropical
woods and the wealth hidden in the soil
have made Counani much to be desired by
those in power at Rio de Janeiro. For
the same reasons, perhaps, Germany has
looked upon the territory with greedy
eyes.
According to legend Counani is the
place known centuries ago to the peoples
of Europe as Ell Dorado. The pioneer
priests of the early days who penetrated
into Counani taught the natives to cufti-
vate cacao, coffee, &C., and to create ex-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-08-04

tensive agricultural areas. This was all
before those jealous priests were driven
from the country. During the past hun
dred years or more the vast lands have
been known under the title of "Conteste
Franco BresiEen," and have really never
been occupied or actually governed by
either of these rival claimants. Owing to
this unsettled status, the native Couna-
mans in 1874 proclaimed their indepen-
dence and established Government of
their own. Its first President, NJ. Chaton,
was elected by the people and drafted for
the State Constitution which still bears
his name.
The discovery Of rich deposits Of gold
and precious stones brought matters some
what to climax in 1895 because Of the
well known "Msps incident" which was
a conflict between the French and the
Brazilians. AS a consequence those in
terested claimants decided to leave to ar
bitration the question of their disputed
rights to the territory involved. Accord
ingiy, the protocol of April 10, 1898, was
issued, and this led ultimately to the de-
cree automatically known as the "Bene
Arbitration The Counanians were not
asked to participate in the adjustment,
and not unreasonably refused, therefore,
to be influenced by the decree or to recog
nize any impairment of their indepen-
dence.
In January of 1901 general election
waspheld in Counani-a month after the
decree of Berne, and on the LIST of Feb
ruary of that year Adolph Brezet was
reelected chief of the Government of the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-08-04

an accompaniment of batueships instead
of the rude wooden craft of yore which
had served the older freeboOters so well.
To quote from the Express of JAN
nary Is, 1913: "The prime mover in the
plot is Adolphe Brezet. The plans in
clude scheme by which a number of
British military and naval men will be
recruited. They will then embark on q
feet of armored ships on which they will
proceed to Counani, where they will seize
the territory referred to, expel any Bra
lillian troops found there and establish
a Utopian republic According to the
cable reports at the time, Brezet was de-
scribed as IAN adventurous Frenchmar,
posing as a nobleman, who has been ide .
tiled with more than one abortive buc-
caneering attempt. He got into trouble
in Marseilles in 1902 by posing as Bra
lillian naval off:scr" Z, was said that
Brezet boosted at the time that he was
able to arrange loans from Gers
sources amounting to $50, oo0,000! Poer
sibly something akin to this figure was
mentioned in 1910 when Brezets en-
bassy, headed by Baron de OFT, tried to
lure Thomas L. Reynolds away from the
relatively simple life of Tammany ward
leader and into the devious paths of di-
p|omaey and world politics.
While Counani as a sister among ma
tons may be purely theoretical, Counani
in a geographical sense has been known
for a good long while. The Counanians
have laid claim to Government among
themselves for decades, and this quasi
independence, despite non-recognition
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-08-04
Present Epidemic in Europe Believed to
Have Had Its Origin in Abnormal
Weather Conditions

of the epidemic, are in hospitals behind
the line, while many more have been sent
back to Germany.
According to DR.. Friedrich Kraus, a
specialist Of Berlin, the German visitation
SEXES the victims suddenly. The illness
begins with chills, followed by several
days of fever. The eyes and throat are
affected, tonsils are infamed, there is
slight catarrh of the throat, pains in the
head and neck, and sometimes intestinal
trouble. Curiously enough the pulse is,
according to DIR. Kraus, generally below
normal.
British Workers Affected.
He adds: II think there is no reason for
alarm even though We have to deal with
cases en- masse. 1t cannot yet be said if it is
the same epidemic disease as in 1889 and
1890. As yet We have no certain remedy
and the best thing the victims can do is to
90 to bed and take every ordinary pre-
caution. The illness is not serious when
not followed by complications"
In England In the last ten days the in
fuenza epidemic has seriously interfered
with work all over the country. 1t has
been especially severe in London and other
large cities, where in some quarters queues
outside druggist shops have taken the
place of the meat and tea queues of for
mer days. These people were all after
tones and influenza medicines, and SO
great was the demand that the majority of
shops were sold out before all the Gus
TONERS had been served.
In the majority of London Offices bust
ness has been seriously deranged and there
is scarcely an Office staff that has not been
greatly depleted. Telephone, telegraph
and postal services, as well as omnibus and
tram lines, have been crippled.
Reports from all parts of England indi-
cate a considerable extension of the cpl
demic. In Northumberland and Durham
so many miners are affected that tho out
put of coal is decreasing. At Newcastle
labor is daily becoming scarcer, at some
places 20 per cent. Of the men employed
having reported sick. In the Birming-
ham district, one of the great munition
areas of England, thousands of men and
women are unable TO work. Many work
ers collapsed at their machines and had to
be sent home in ambulances.
The Midlands, Nottingham, Leicester
and northampton are also suffering Sc
verely In these districts the victims are
generally those engaged in indoor work.
In the Manchester area schools are being
closed and the number of cases of in
fluenza is steadily increasing among all
classes The munition works and public
services are seriously affected.
In London every effort is being made
to combat the spread of the disease. While
influenza is increasing steadily in some
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-08-04
Spanish Influenza Widespread, but Not Severe

Shields the fleet of herring boats has been
kept in the harbor.
Observation of the outbreak indicates
no departure from the true influenza type.
When influenza visited England in 1909
and 1892 it was called the fashionable
disease" the new delight" or "the gentle
correction" until it received its present
name.
The term "ia grippe" applied TO it by
the French people, at about the same time
was derived either from a Slavonic word
meaning hoarseness, or from its way of
suddenly Selling upon people ir good
health. Modern medicine made the ac-
quaintance of the disease in the severe
outbreaks of 1S47, and especially of 1890
The original stock cultivation of the in
fuenza bacillus group is believed to exist
in midAsia, whence it spreads widely
when conditions permit. Many epidemics
have originated in Russia. The 1890
pandemic began in Bokhara, passed thence
to Petrograd, and on to Austria, Germany,
France, England, the United States, and
thence overseas to India. Australia, New
Zealand and South America.
Symptoms Less Distressing.
Epidemiology must explain how pan
demie-that is disease spreading prac-
tically all over the world-gets started.
. Abnormal atmospheric and climatic con-
ditions seem necessary. Assuming that
the home Of the influenza bacillus is in
Asia Minor, the possibility of the very
mild February last having lifted the bar
rage of cold which usually confines the
bacillus to Asia has been suggested.
A spell of wet weather or a moist west
wind would probably check the epidemic
new prevalent in England Its appar-
emily haphazard progress may be due to
human germ carriers. The theory that
epidemics are spread by the upper air
currents is not established and would not
account for the east to west course of all
historic plaques.
A writer in the Times says: epidemic
diseases lose force with each successive
visitation, and it was this fact which was
the basis of the scientific fancy, unques-
tionably fallacious, that the Russian in
fluenza was the dim and intellectual
wrath of the MEDIEVAL Black Death, a
scourge that invariably followed the chief
trade routes between Asia and Europe,
crossing the narrow seas in rat infested
vessels.
I'm 1918 as u 1890 swift Toss of men,
tai capacity, an inability to think coher-
emily, is the most distressing symptom Of
influenza, but the aftermath of the attack
proved much more severe in 1890, when
three days of high fever, a period Of
formless nightmares between sleeping and
waking, left the patient lighter in weight
and utterly incapable Of mental or physi-
cal exertion. A month passed before life
became really worth living again, and the
mood of chronic loss Of zest for work or
play continued until the coming of spring.
The saying of victim, We'll, it cures am
bition,' summed up the burden of con-
valescence. This years effects, so far a
known, are far less distressing"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-08-04

London districts, others are so far singu-
larly free from it. In BermOndsey more
than 800 girls in a leather factory were
attacked within two days. In this dis
trict most victims are girls working close
together in the large industries. In St.
Pancras and Acton the number is very
large, whereas in Sydenham, Kensington,
Psddington and elsewhere there is not
more than the ordinary prevalence of in
fiuenza at this time of year. Sir Arthur
Newsholme, chief medical officer of the
Local Government Board, discussing the
outbreak in London, says:
"The present influenza is not SO severe
as in the great epidemic of 1S99-1902.
The infection is transmitted by sneezing
and coughing, and any general measures
of isolation are impracticable except the
domestic isolation of the individual pa
tient, which should always be practised.
As soon as the symptoms appear the pa
tient should 60 to bed and remain isolated
from others from at least four to five days
Care should be taken to avoid overfatigue
or chill during convalescence, as a relapse
may be more dangerous than the original
attack"
DR.. c. r. Rutland, a well known medi-
cal expert, explains that the striking fea-
lures of the present outbreak are its sud
denness, high temperatures and extreme
infeetivity. "The fever, however" he
says, Subsidies on the second day, and the
patient feels well much sooner than after
any of the older forms of influenza. The
majority of US have an inherent power Of
resisting infection, but we should take
care to avoid the danger"
Whole Families Stricken.
A result of the appearance Of the cpl
demic has been a great rush to buy clint
cal thermometers, and in all sorts of IN
likely places persons can be seen furtively
taking their temperatures. A dealer in
medical supplies reported that he had sold
more clinical thermometers within the last
week or so than in all the previous time
he had been in business. There have been
instances in suburbs where milkmen have
found that the previous days milk sup
ply had not been taken into the house
owing to. the sudden collapse of the en-
tire family. Cases have been known Of
the head of the house, unaffected by the
disease, going to business in the morning,
leaving the key in the outside of the
street door so that the doctor could enter,
no one in there being strong enough to
admit him.
The supply of fish is threatened. A
great number of the Grimsby fishermen
have been stricken and many vessels
which had started for the banks have had
to return to port with their crew incapaci-
tated. In the concentration camps and
in the training centres large proportion
of the troops are in hospital. At North
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-08-04

ME eplOeInlc Oh tne disease popuidIly
i termed Spanish influenza ap-
pears to be general over a considerable
part of Europe. While attention was
particularly directed to it after its out
break in Spain a few weeks ago, there
can be no doubt that it has been cpl
demic in very severe form in Germany,
Austria and the territories occupied by
the Central Powers during the last two
years.
Malnutrition and the general weakening
OF nerve power known as war WEAKNESS
provide the necessary conditions for an
epidemic, and contact between national
armies is favorable TO propagation.
Drought and high winds which fill the air
with germ laden dust also tend to spread
this disease, which is no doubt one reason
why Spain had it, as high winds make
Spanish spring an unhealthful season al
ways.
But according to medical reports the
epidemic in Spain was not true influenza.
The respiratory organs were chiefly at
tackled, but the microorganism is said to
have been pcningococcas-that is, one of
a group which affect the central nervous
system and cause cerebro-spinal fever.
However, the influenza raging in Eng
land, Germany and central Europe is
more like the familiar disease which has
been known in epidemic form for cen
turies, and at the time of its severe out
break in 1890 was popularity called Rus
sian influenza. In that epidemic the
microorganism known as the bacillus in
faensae was first identified and cultivated.
While this organism is found in some Sc
we're cases of influenza, another one, the
micrococc,ls catarrhalis, also causes such
trouble.
Hindered German OffenESve.
That the prevalence of influenza in
Germany and central Europe was partly
responsible for hindering the expected
been suggested by medical officers ac-
qIainted with conditions on the fighting
line. They point out that air borne in
fiction and close contact with infected
persons in dugouts double the chances Of
spreading the disease among soldiers, and
that no one with sharp attack of it
could possibly go lover the top"
All reports indicate that the present
cpdidemic has been sufficiently severe on
The Continent TO affect both civilian pop
ulation and soldiers, preventing prob
ably 25 per cent. of them from pursuing
their usual occupations. 1t is now re-
ported spreading rapidly in Berlin and
great many other cities in Prussia,
also throughout Bavaria and the Grand
Duchy of Hesse. 1t is raging in Nurem-
berg, and according TO latest reports has
appeared in epidemic form in Vienna,
one of the many victims being the
Empress Zita, who apparently caught the
sickness after visiting the Vienna hos
pital.
Dispatches through Dutch sources state
that a large number Of soldiers, victims
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
WOMEN AND THE FLAG

~HE Council of National
VI Defense authorizes the
following:
Women all over the country
have been asking the admins
tration Of late for information
in regard to the correct way Of
showing their respect for the
flag and for the national an
them when it is rendered IN
public.
On July g, the woman's COM
mittee adopted the following
resolution:
Whereas it is fitting that
civilians as well as soldier
and sailors should adopt some
uniform and appropriate man
ner of expressing their aileZs-
anee to their flag when It Is dis
and their respect for
the national anthem when Il Isl
in their presence :.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03

to some relative of the soldier
or sailor. These messages are
not TO be forwarded by the
chapters.
If the chapters request any
information regarding a ) sol
dier or sailor, the Bureau of
Communication will obtain
from the chapter the name of
the nearest relative of the sol
der or sailor, and advise the
chapter that the relatives will
be notified direct, as soon as in
formation is obtained regard
ing the wounded or missing
man.
Calls upon sOrrowlng famIli-
es, when made IN the name of
the Red Cross, should be made
by members of the Home Ser
vice Section in the manner and
in the spirit of the letter of in
from the Director
General of Civilian Relief,
dated April /.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
20 YEARS. AGO

(From the East oregonian, August
3, 1900
L. b. Liyermore. w l. I<idder. Darr
Phelps and A. Mansell left for Mea-
cham today.
A Pendleton baker has a pile of
bread displayed in front Of his shop
with a Blacard reading. .-Six Loaves
for Ten Cents" There IS no reed for
a man t.. go hungry in this country.
J. II. Raiey. c. II. Carter and Or
vile White returned last night after
a fine days hunt on the reservation
near Cayuse. The sport was immense
and "a tbirds were brought down by
the lucky hunters.
DR.. Vincent LEFT Sunday night for
Heppner to attend a. y. johnson who
is in "A critical coadition. Doctor Vim
cent win visit Yaquina Bay for cou-
PIE OF weeks before his return.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
TRAIN Up MORE MEN

MF the shortage in skilled
labor continues to grow
more acute it viii be ne
cessary to take constructive
steps of some sort to remedy
matters. The day is fast COM
ing when it is going to be inn
possible to longer rob Peter to
pay Paul" 1t does not. solve
the problem when one estab-
lishment or line of business
tempts men away from other
lines by the inducement of
higher wages. 1t merely makes
matters worse, when the whole
field is considered.
More attention should be
given to training up new ma
terial for work in lines where
the shortage is serious. It
should be possible to do this, in
spite of all obstacles, and the
government could properly be
asked to take a hand as part of
its vocational education effort.
There were but a certain
number of mechanics in the
country before the war. The
war has seriously depleted
their ranks through enlistment
and the draft. At the same
time labor needs have increas-
ed thus making a bigger and
bigger demand as the supply
of men becomes lowered. Is it
not about time for serious
thought to be given to methods
of increasing the mechanic
supply?
If the United States had rails
ed its army by the same meth
Ods most industrial concerns
are now trying to build up their
forces Uncle Sam would have
been an easy mark fof the kai-
ser
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
NOTIFIES RELATIVES
DIRECT

~ HE acting general mana
VI ger of the Red Cross has
issued the following
statement:
The Red Cross Bulletin OF
July 8 and some division bulle-
tins of later date have carried
the eiannouncement that mes
sages containing news of death
or injury to soldiers and sail
ors would be carried to their
families by members of the uni
formed Red Cross Motor Ser
vice. This is inaccurate, and
the announcement should be
Withdrawn.
The War Department re-
quires that an casualty infor-
nation be forwarded by them,
either By wire or letter, direct
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
sNIuGGI.E nY ruNNE1

BERNE. July 31.-The authorities,
have discovered p cemented tunnel at
Kreuzlingen. ont the Swiss German
frontier, connecting two houses. one
on Swiss and the other on German
soil. thru which large quantities of
ccntraband have been smuggled into
Germany.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
Cause Explained.

Unable Seaman--When come
round again the surgeon says to me,
I'm blooming sorry,' mate, I don l
know what I was thinking about" he
says. but there's a sponge missin,' and
believe IT'S inside YER Whats
the odds?' I says. ''let it be-" And
there It is to this day.
Gullible Old Gentleman-Bless my
souli
Unable Seaman-I don't feel no
particular pain from II. but ] do get
most uncommonly thirsty.-casselr
Saturday Journal.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
SIX COVE Girls no TRAIN

Young Women Wanted for u. IS
Student Nursc Reserve.
COVE. ore. Aug. "A racruiting
office for enrolling volunteers In re-
sponse 10 the Governments call for
$4,000 young women. between 10 and
Nurse Reserve. has been opened in
Cove Public Library. Mrs. Ella n.
anderson. chairman OF the Cove WU-
mans Committee. oregon Division of
the Council Of Nhtionai Defense. g.
recruiting officer.
This movement g. pursant 20 In
struotions issued By AIRS Thcressc n.
Castner. Of Hood River. Orc. the stnts
chairman, as part ~ the work 10 fn
oreEon's quota of $40. Cove register
cd SIX one candidate for class 3. Mis-
Eiia sutherland. n graduate of Cove
High school in 1915 and student of
orsgon Agricultural College. now o.
u hospital irainlne.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
SNIP LOSS CUT


LUW IN NONNUNh =
LONDON, Aug. g. AS an evidence
OF the efficiency OF the convoy sys-
tenn, it Is pointed out that the propor-
ton OF ships lost to those conveyed
has been so per cent. In other words
only one ship out OF nearly 200 has
been lost.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
JUSTICE.

! JUSTICE. :
) oh. Justice. guardian Of the ,
. mighty scale.
: why let the. might outweigh =
. the right
. And fairness be Of no avail? :
) AS slowly might outweighs the :
right,
! Each drop of blood recorded =
. By your dial, :
. Art blind in soul does conscience =
: Let might not win by wilel .
: one stroke of your great guar :
. dian sword =
> Might set the world alright; =
. Let bandage lift from blinded :
: And see the havoc Of the fight. :
; The ruined homes. the mapgled >
: the dead upon the field.
. The mothers honor gone for :
: Your scales Of justice slowly :
= yield :
. on. guardian angel. wilt thou :
. not see
> ana sg ltht 'IttiIes alright? >
: Let us wlznz zeEslz.-justiee wish :
> Outweigh the Hun who claims :
. the might.
= Harold L Morris. >
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03

Darling. answer me-" he pleaded.
Il am on the rack
$50 is your hat" came a deep voice
from the hall.-Boston Transcript.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1918-08-03
Therefore be it

therefore be IT
"Resolveds, That the woman's
committee of the Council of
NATIONAL Defense recommend
that as an expression of loyalty
and respect to the colors and
the national anthem the wom-
en- of the United States shall
stand at attention when the
flag is passing or the national
anthem rendered"
The woman's committee ear
nestly urges that each and
every woman in the United
States take special note of this
resolution and carry it out inn
plicitly on every possible occa-
sion, with the idea of publicity
manifesting her loyalty and de-
votion to the country.
1900 -~-~~
Germany might have got a.
few pointers from Spain about
the fighting quality of AmeTi-
can soldiers. Twenty years
ago q Spanish soldier, speak
ing of the Americans, exclaim-
ed: tThey tried to catch us
with their handsi"
-~~~s-~~s~
A German newspaper says
its army is losing because the
allies learned Of German plans
from deserters. That isn't
true. The allies learned Of the
plans By reading the reviews
By the experts in the American
newspapers.
The great SOissons-Rheims
pocket IL no longer much Of a
pocket: Il IS becoming the (
shortest distance between two
points and soon may bend TO
he nOrihwand. 4
~~~--s~<-~~~
LudeDd0rff Is blamed for
he German disaster. accord
NJ 70 reports. OF course It
Tas Budendorffs fault, the
.rOwn prince should have been
eilt against an army he could
ok. s..sl.....-s =. r-..s : -