davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-07-01
CHANCE FOR A LITTLE FIGURING

survey made by the Bureau Of Labor Statistics on the
food situation Germany Austria, Bulgaria. Hungary and
Turkey compiled during 1917 from laws orders decrees pub
lie uterances those countries has determined that Ger
many and Austria hard pressed Bulgaria well provided
Hungary good shape while Turkey actually starving
That Turkey should are while Hungarys fed is problem
for "tall figuring"
Show your civic pride and neighborlness by sWATTiNG
THE WEEDS! Keep em down. own property is free
from them stretch point and attack them the highways
and byTa cns and nd @ conquer his All for
o's "nO 'A' ~ 80 Sc .-o::: =: ::::.
General Eefshng that tie clean life high ideals
the American soldier due to the influence of the Amer
lean mother Do not be surprised mother puts airs for
awhile. Who could blame her after such tribute.
-O-
Yes and the stea trust is also in the dragnet for the
proeers that have been putting the government
as shown in the report to the senate.
study the kaisers speeches and actions aents
affirm that he has long been insane "Whom the gods wish
to destroy they first make mad
It is reported also that Hindenburg is in insane
asylum Planning the required mailman and carrying
it out made lunatic.
When the Austrian cupboard bare the Austrian cabinet
is vacant ~.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-07-01

a Rare Opportunity
A Globe reporter saw and heard the
event of a lifetime, two stammering
men in an argument. x ** >s....l =
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
BIC FARM SALE.
MADE YESTERDAY
DIR. MERRITT SELLS ONE OF HIS
PLACES FOR SIXTY-TAREE
THOUSAND D0LLARS-LARGEST
TRANSACTION RECENTLY.

One of the largest real estate deals
that has been made in this section for
some time has just been closed DR..
T. NJ Merritt selling the Merritt place,
6 or Z miles west of Americas, to Ash
ford & Smith, of Oconee county. The
plantation consisted of 1000 acres OF
the best farming land and brought $685.
600 cash. The deal was made by P. B.
Williford, who has made several large
deals recently. Messrs. Ashford &
Smith have already taken charge and
are operating the big plantation right
on. >
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
Huns Hold 1s-MiIe Front ON Marine.

PARIS, June 1.-The Germans now
occupy thirteen mile front ON the
north bank of the river Marine between
Chateau Thierry and Verneuil, but have
failed to force a crossing of the river
at any point The French communi-
que indicates the British and French
still hold Rheims.
Fierce fighting occurred yesterday
evening on the left flank, south of
Soussons, the French hurting the Ger
mans back on the Dose river by coun
ter attacking, reeapturing Chaudin and
viezy and taking several hundred
prisoners.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
PLOT IN MEMPHIS
TO DESTROY FOODS

Memphis, Tenn, June Police and
secret service men became convinced
today that a plot exists in Memphis to
cripple war industries and destroy food
following three disastrous incendiary
fires which did two hundred thousand
dollars damage here. The third fire oc-
Cured last night when forty thousand
dollars worth of lumber was destroy
ed at the plant of the Anderson Tully
Lumber Company.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
REMEMBER

If it is something MENWEAR, we have
it-from the head down to, and includ-
ing BOYDEN and REGAL Shoes for
the soldier or civilian.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
Late Bulletins
Allies Holding Bridgeheads.

WITH THE FRENCH ARMIES, on
the Marine River, June 1.-The Allies
are still strongly holding every bridge
head and passage across the Marine AS
a result of this determined resistance
the Germans have apparently with
drawn from the edge of the river back
to the plateau above the rover valley,
where they are now seeking to advance
westward
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
Ukranian Peasants Revolt.

WASHINGTON, D. C., June l.
A revolt of Ukranian peasants is on
in full fury, official state department
cablegrams announced today. The
peasants are burning the woods, de-
stroying crops and refusing to give UP
agricultural implements, and German
military expeditions have been sent to
disarm them. In order to do this the
Germans are using artillery and other
weapons.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
Pershing Reports Raid.

WASHINGTON, D. c., June IL
General Pershing reported today a
successful American raid against the
German lines yesterday in the Woevre
region, with the resultant destruction
of thirty-two dug-outs, more than
twenty of the enemy either killed or
wounded, and one machine gun cap
tured
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
on On a Fishing Trip

A party consisting of Charles Burke,
Billy Humber, Robert Hawkins, Tom
my Hooks, John Wagnon and others,
leave today in automobiles for Dead
Lakes, Fla, ito be gone a week on
fishing trip.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02

WASHINGTON, D. c., June L.
Lesser essential industries will get
steel, high official of the war indus
tries board indicated today when he
declared the war needs of this gov
eminent and the Allies would probably
take only 80 per cent. or less of the
steel output this year.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1918-06-02
81 American Casualties.

WASHINGTON, D. c., June L.
General Pershing reported fifty-seven
names on today's casualty list as fol-
lows: Three killed in action, six died
of wounds, ten died of disease, one
died in airplane accident seventeen
wounded severely, eleven wounded
slightly and nine missing in action.
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
WORKERS AT HOME


I can't sleep At nigt because I'm
% afr id ] may have passed On
something that was not quit true
She was girl working in mu-
nition factory in this country. If
she had passed ON one par: of a
torpedo which was not quite true
meant lives of American soldior
She inspected hundreds of tor2e-
does every day. though she W.
mt yet in her twenties
She and Others like her have
worked the summefth ough in 'ot
factories, without vacations. Some
of these girls ar Col ege graduate
who are W rking in the factories.
learning to be managers. taking Y
regular. practical couise, LED ~
women of the Industrial Depart
ment of the Y w. Z. A
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
DO NOT RUSH
COTTON TO MARKET
EVERY GROWER WHO RAISES 70
BALES OF COTTON SHOULD
PUT TWO IN WAREHOUSE.
SELL THE CROP GRADUALLY
h There 10 Surplus II Must Be
Absorbed BY Reduced Produo-
tien Next Year.

In q recent speech on the cotton
situation. Clarence Ousley, Assistant
Secretary Of Agriculture. said that ds
he sees the situation mo calamity
ilnpends IL we do not lose our heads. .
and that he 10 more concerned about
the gathering Of the crop than about
disposing Of It.
He offered a solution, even II there
Is . surplus Of from three to four
million bales, and says:
IF every farmer who raises 10
bales Of cotton will put two In the
warehouse and sell the remainder by
iastallments from month to month
throughout the winter and spring In
stead of forcing 1t all on the market
at one time. the difficulty in even its
worst aspects will disappear"
He thinks that If there is a surplus
Of cotton this year 1t must be alb
sorbed by reduced production next
year. Furthermore, he points GU.
that the Government did not ask for
10 large a crop, and that in all fair
ness this fact must be recognized. the
crops having been produced because
the Southern growers refused to
heed the warning Of agricultural lead
ers and economists.-L. 8. u. Press
Bulletin.
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
FIELD SELECTION OF
SEED IMPROVES CORN
Much More Profitable Than Selecting
Frem the Crib In Spring.

Seed corn should be selected from
stalks standing where they grew, be-
cause only then, with certainty. can
seed be obtained from
Stalks that have q tendency to YIELD
we'll, as shown by the superiority over
surrounding stalks that grew under the
aame conditions. Such seed inherits
high producing power.
Stalks without suckers. Such seed
produces fewer suckers than seeds
from sucker-bearing stalks.
Storm-proof stalks with ears at a
desirable height.
Seed corn should be selected az soon
m It natures. because
Desirable stalks. especially early ma
! turing stalks with hanging ears, are
then most easily found.
Warm. wet weather may cause keE'
nels to sprout before drying.
II the selection is delayed the ears
may become infested with weeviis
grain moths, and their eggs.
i II is as easy. more satisfactory. ane
much mere profitable than selecting
from cribs in the spring.. s. U
press Bulletin.
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
SUGGESTIONS ON
SELECTING SEED CORN
Field Selection Of Seed Means Greater
Yield and Better Corn.

Field selection Of seed corn is Of too
auch importance to be left to the av'
erage laborer; 1t Ia almost always a
good plan for the farm owner to SD
Dervise the work. A great deal more
corn will be pulled than is needed, and
Il should be reselected in order to get
the ears that conform to type.
There is NO argument that can be
used against this kind Of seed selec-
tion." says A r. Kidder, professor OF
agronomy, Louisiana State University.
because 1t means more corn and bet
ter corn. When feld-selection OF seed
becomes more generally practiced In
Louisiana some Of the money that our
farmers are now sending to the corn
belt will remain at home.
"TAe ear should be from four to
five feet high on land where peas are
% be town in the corn.
Long shanks and good ears are Sci
DOM found on the same stalk. The
shank should be sufficiently long, how
ever. to allow the ear to bend over
when mature.
"All ears Of corn not covered by
shuck are apt to be damaged by olacH
veeyil and the corn ear worm.
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
CHURCH NEWS

The patronal fess, of the Holy
Ro ar,'s Church will be ctleo:at-
ed on Sunday October OH. The
Rev, reno Pastor invites all his
mari ,hiuners 10 attend the services
on this day
Alto A. M, Solemn high Mass
Strmon on Holy Rosary. At4 7.
NJ. Exposition of the Most Bless
ed Sacrament, H,ly Rosary's de-
vutions, B nediction
The Rosary vii be said every
morning in Octooe, at Z O'Clock
mass and every Sunday OF the
month at D. m. exercises of the
HOLY Rosary followed BY the 0ene
dctiop If tile Blessed Sacrament
The Cathechism class for child
rem o be admitted TO the Solemn
Communion will begin on Satur-
day October i7th ct 5 P M
The Pastor invites the parents to
send the children regularly. he IN
tends to have large class for the
beginning aud so to be able TO as
sure the Christian and moral edu-
cat on OF the children
The parents are supposed to
know the dioceson regulations a.
bout Holy Communion. The child
rem must have completed their
tenth year before January ,st to
be admitted to communicn provid
thew shall have attended the ms
truction for two years
However. this year, all the Chi
dren ten years old. provided they
follow reg.i'srly the instructions
will o. admitted TO the solemn
communion
In order to prepare the small
children for their easter duty AM
consequently to the private com
munion which will occur IN Len
on ST.. Joseph's feast, the paient
are invited to teach their chldre'
the frs. principles of our holy bel
elic,ion, to make them learn tn
prayers, to teach the manner Q
m king good confession and t
explain to them some questions a
bout the Blessed Sacrament Q
Holy Eucha, st which they hav
receive
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28

No, 629
Twenty-Eighth Judicial District Court
Parish of St. Charles, State of Louisiana
Succession of A. V. Caillet
Notice is hereby given to the creditors
of this estate and to all other persons
herein interested to show cause within
ten days from the present notification
(if any they have or can, why the sup
Elemental account presenter by +. Ar
1nard Caillet, administrator should not De
homologated and approved, and the
funds distributed in accordance Herewith
Bv order of the Court
l. T. Baudouin, Clerk
Clerks Office, Parish of St, Charles,
July 18th, 1918
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
USE DISHES WHICH
CONTAIN LITTLE SUGAR

Sugar consumption in many house.
holds can be easily lowered not only
by giving preference to dishes which
contain little sugar or with which
sugar. is not usually served, but also
by the use of sweet buildings, or a
salad in place Of dessert. Sweet dried
fruits. such as dates, raisins or figs.
served with breakfast cereals will re.
duce the sugar needs.-Extension d.
vision, Louisiana State University.
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28

1t was moved ~ Mr.. De'aune
and NV M. Dufrene. that the fol
lowi, g approx,mated tab'eau OF tn
expenses of the Parish OF st. Char
les for the current year ending
June goth 1918
Sheriff's fees i'm Criminal
cases $500. 90
n.;,,a;n,no prisopers $500.
S-eriff's Salary 2'Soo 90
Sherff'> Deputy Salary 1000 90
District Attorneys fees
for convictions 10000
Corone.s salary, 3"o.oo
-I,et;ces Of the Peace 1900. 90
-Constabies '.oo"' w
Grand, Peti, and Coroner
july ~ ,o
Secretary Police Jury, 900 90
Official Journa! ooo. W
President Board OF Health, 900 90
Assessors Commission 1000 on
Assessors Clerical Expenes 500 90
Parish Treasurer 7oo.o'
Scnool Fund o.5oo'oo
Expenses Board OF
Health for Infections AND
Contagious diseases 900 o'
p,ad fund 100. 90
Maintenance of Den
Cadets at l.. Sta.r UniVer-
sity, o"o'o
Maintenance Of 3 Ben
scholar AT the State Nor
NAL Schoo! ooe' W
Syndics Salary 10000
Sergeant at arms 10" 90
Salary tor oilnp WING
mill & washing tank 5000
Road Supervisors i,oo"'"o
Election expenses 500. oo
Parish Auditor ooo 90
Jefferson Trust & Savings
Bank 600 w
Parish DemonStltor ooo,oo
$,1I8oo. 90
hereby certify that The ABOVE
rableau Was adopted ny the to''ce
Jury at the meeting held on The o
day Of Sept. 1917
+. Schexnayd-'
Secretary
Parish of ST. Charles Sept. 1917
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
Important Notice

Important N0tice
No burial into the cemeteries OF
the Hoy Rosary's Church and DIES
Allemands will he allowed unless &C
companied bya burial permit from
the local Registrar Post Master
Hahnville & Des Alleman'ls) as pei
orders from The Louisiana State
Board of Health
w, Parrot Pastor
Sexton of the said C.metries
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
I lie best OF the good ones.

AL tn. experiments Of the Gov.r.
'neiit to- .xrsrts and the thlrtie
>1;.ineis q Vale University prove
'tit ~ caters are the strongest
nd hesltF,est. Quaker Scotch Cats
ards 1T he head Of the list ofcereal
"t'ds . Is no, only the best fo"d.
ut it's tie cheapest food on earth.
'achcd in Tins i. will keep sweet aus
Tesh anywhers indeipits!y.
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28

The next examination for teach
Iers' certificates will be held at the
Cour: House July 29, 80, 81.
)white). aud August ia. 8 me
gro)
J b. Martin.
Supt,
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28

What's become of old fashioned
man who used TO laugh at Jose
phus Daniels? The laugh is on him
nov
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
Williams Mil Mfg. Co. a ss

AT z. Broad Sc. Tsxsrkans, y. o. a.
peauu, and Grain Thresbs, Pesaut Ggezs. Hay Presses
Crist and Feed Nils, Csn Kzs. SGnek kEs, Ss~naa
csn SAeIers Sizes, Ealase Ca'ters. Karssess Easnes
Pa Rulers, Feed Critters. Cara Skrcddss. Weed Ssu
Pzaps, Woodworking Machinery and IN Sgskss.
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
LIST or JURORS

List of Jurors drawn to serve at the
session of the 28th., Judicial district
Court in and for the Parish of ST. Char
les, Louisiana, beginning on Monday the
14tt, day of October 1918. to-wit:-
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28

Grand jury
Nos. Names Wards
]. I. Dufrene 3
2 A. +. Hubert
8 T. B. Sellers 2
d Philip Friloux 2
S Walters Ochmand a
s ]. w, Champagne q
z v. E. Hymel
s U. J. Keller 1
9 Ma, celin Zeringue 2
10 Olidee Cambre 5
IL Geo. Keller 3
IL P. J. O'Brien
IS Jos. p. Baudouin
Ia J. P. Lawson 3
Is Jos. Cassidy, Jr. 2
Is o. II. Shelton S
II c. P. Bettman S
18 Prudent Candies q
10 r. L. Schexnaydre S
20 c. P. Schnnll 4
Petit Jury End week
Monday October 21st 1918
1 !. S. Barre
2 Ben, Boudreaux 5
8 Adam Clouate
4 G. H. DeJean 4
S Edward Millet 3
6 Marcel Durapau
7 Eemmett Dasch
8 Joseph Zeller 2
9 Joseph Vial
10 w. N. Kugler
IL A. Levesque a
IL George Robert
Is Ernest .Zeringue
IA J. M. Curse
IS lear Hymel 3
Is Abe Walker
II George Kugler
18 L. l.. Perrilloux 3
10 Felix Belsom 2
20 N. v. Candies
q A. Zeringue 2
% Antoine Gonzales q
q Lucien St. Amant 2
"a Luke Keller
rs Dacisse Lorio /
26 F. X. Madere 8
81 Victor Landry 2
% Neo Gendron
% ]. L. Perrilloux
80 Amedee Robert, Jr. z
Petit Jury 3rd week
Monday, OCTOBER %. 1918
1 F. Friloux. Jr. 2
2 ..lbert Blanchard z
8 Felix Simoneaux 8
4 Louis Brady z
John Triche 3
6 Raphael Bonnamore
P. N. J. Bossier
8 Camille Gauthreaux 8
9 Sidney Millet 5
10 Albert Kinler z
IL Joseph Hebert 2
IL Chas. Desroche
IS p. A. Caillet z
ID Louis Lauve
Is St. Martin Becnel
Is Wilfred Zeringue
II Louis Bye
IS Chas. Gourgues !
10 Frank Friloux
20 Mathurin Matherne, Jr
81 Elmo Thibadeaux
% Hermogene Lavegne
q Albert .Vicknair 5
"a William Brown
Is Chas. Boudreaux
rs j. l.. Schexnaydre
q Jules Keller, Jr.
% Alcide Robert
% George Friloux z
80 Robt. P Mire
A trne copy from the original.
/. +. Baudouin.
Clerk Of Court
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28

That Kentucky mon who lei,
SIoo to each Of his wive couldn't
be accused OF impartia'ity
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
Profit m aking
Farm Equipment
It pays to buy GOOD farm
euU:p.nent --- you can rely
on the Williams Line.
Power Hay BaIers

The weilknown
~~ standard Williams.
l1N nj futile blockless,
GSSSF1G&A selfth1eadmg Pow.
<f4T Es.1-GIeAs er Hay Balers have
tIE NN3 many exclusive
Wy SU features. Most
economical to operate and durable run
d.ets OF satisfied owners. Booklet free u you asA'
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28

Notice
Hunting, trapping and trespassins
are hereby prohibited on proper
ties q, Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Caduw
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
SATURDAY Sept. aS 1913

,,o,n,u. ,car,ons handed N later tne"
Eednasdny evening. viii lay over "ae"'n
week following
sxniI accommodations must be wrhsen On
nee side of the paper.
9a-rne fun name and address OF ene W.T.
ter must accompany each CON .a,th
no publication, hut ara matter or eoo '"
Comm, nicntions of personal chsraoso.
vii not he recognized, unless from TssPon ss
sihIa arttes In such cases charge o.
l,sda 1uare will be made.
srSsws ana mi s.sstink ioca iseins are re-
,eotfu iysoli"tted.
mn .,lIR kEApSEk CAN HHLF 70
rruasiy,i IL, hen writing TO. or ouysng soo y,
ron our advertisers, they Will sihpiy say
sy saw their cards In this paper
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
February 10, 1873

.frn.. eu,adye rtIsementssip per squsreEns..s IL
sa-ston Each subscQuens i"sersso"' "'
=: pee ach ann bo
ne ootum' zone year
O,e-naif column one year 0voo
-. son, 1000
Advertisements and subscriptions are ooi'
Iectab,e invariably I'm advance
The St. Charles herald. [volume] (Hahnville, La.) 1873-1993, 1918-09-28
Terms OF .Sabseyibfjon S7.oo year

hnteyea ut the P0sfo hse at H6h"1'M
L., as sseona esass "'HfFe~
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1918-11-08
DOCTORS BAFFLED,
WIN HEPATICA
RESTORES MRS. LEAKE

Mrs. Lena f. Leake, 4400 Utah
ave-, Nashville, Tenn, says Vim He
patica brought her back to her health
after the valiant efforts of six reputa-
Bile physicians had failed.
81 can hardly realize" she said,
"That | am the same person as | suf-
fered so long from nervousness and
stomach trouble. l tried six reputa-
bic physicians without getting any
relief at all
"Whcn / began taking Vim Hepatica
7 was so weak and run down my life
was a burden l weighed only 100
mounds. Now I weigh 145 pounds, and
am myself again. / am not at all
nervous. rest well at night and
when meet my friends, they want to
know what I have done that makes
me so much improved. am so glad
to tell them that Win Hepatica, the
most wonderful medicine in the world
did it"
Get this wonderful remedy at the
Richmond Drug Company, Richmond,
Kentucky. 1t
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1918-11-08
s9S,sO77.66

Street Commissioner J. H. Altman
reported that S529.3S had been spent
during October for labor and teams
on the streets.
The council voted unanimously to
have a light placed on Tate's Creek
avenue near the residence of Judge f.
c. Million.
1t was also voted to place another
light on Boggs Lane for the benefit of
the citizens there, upon suggestion of
Mayor Evans.
The bill of Jailer Burgess for hand
ling city prisoners amounting tc
S169.S0 for October was before the
city council. 1t was pronounced high
but not excessive in view of the
amount of business the city's efficient
police officials and police court are do
ing.
Upon motion of Councilman O'Neil
that the city appropriate 500 for the
Associated Charities, Mayor Evans
was endorsed by the members for his
employment, with County Judge Price
of Miss Eva Roberts, to act as visit
ing nurse during the flu epidemic.
Dr. Green, who was an interested
listener was given the floor and talk
ed to the members on the advantage
of having a permanent visiting nurse
or worker He told of the gree
good that can be done not only 70"
charitable cases, but to promote tho
general welfare Of the city and COM
munity. He said that great deal Of
money could be saved the city by a
union of the various churches, the city
and other organizations in establish
ing a systematic plan for handling
charity cases and the employment of a
permanent charity worker Dr. Green
gave the councilmen some sound ideas
on the subject and his remarks were
listened to attentively by the members
and officials. He thought it would be
a splendid idea to at least engage
charity worker all during the winter
He strongly commended the council
for taking a step in the right direction
by making the appropriation it had
for the Associated Charities.
Councilman Terrill seconded the
motion for the appropriation and it
carried unanimously. The council
also voted to pay the city's half of
Miss Roberts salary.
City Collector Dykes presented a