davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Senator's Indignant
At Charge Baker Was
Treated Unfairly
I [StGf Correspondence

WASHINGTON, Jan. 26.-Indignation
prevailed among Senators to-day at the
charges tha. The Senate Military Com
mittee was guilty of unfair treatment
OF Secretary OF War Baker.
The charges rest mainly upon the
ground that the committee did not re-
spond to the suggestion Of Mr.. Baker
that he be permitted to make his state
me1t in hall large enough to accom-
Modate the members of the House.
Another element of unfairness
charged is that although Secretary
Baker had asked Chairman Chamber
lain for the names of the authors and
soldiers involved in the pitiful letters
READ TO the Senate by Senator Chamber
lain they had been refused. Friends Of
the Administration we're pointing out
to-day that Mr.. Baker desired these
names because two medical officers had
already been courtmartialed, and he
wished to know if one of these had
been responsible for the horrible de-
tails outlined in the letter read to the
Senate by Senator Chamberlain. If not.
the friends declared, the Secretary
wished TO punish whoever was respon-
sible for the conditions revealed. It
was held up as a particularly apt case
OF on-constructive criticism that the
Senator refused to give these names.
Secretary of War Baker said to
newspaper men in his conference 20
day that he had asked Senator Cham
berlan for these names, and that Mr..
Chamberlain had promised to ask the
consent OF the writer's to give them to
him.
Senators were amazed at the charge
OF unfairness and 'partisanship" used
with reference to the determination of
the military committee tt continue
holding its meetings in its own COM
mltttee room, instead of listening to
Mr.. Baken on Monday in a hall big
enough TO accommodate the members
Of the House.
There are more than 400 members
Of the House in Washington now," said
one Senator, "and not less than 80
Senators. To provide space for all Of
them, and for the small army Of re-
porters and the public, would require
the Billy Sunday tabernacle. Seriously,
the House of Representatives Chamber,
which is much bigger than the Senate,
would be inadequate. Not one-tenth
OF the people who wished to hear Sem
ator Chamberlain's speech could OBJ
tam entrance to the Senate galleries
and members of the House, who have
me floor privileges of the Senate, stood
curing the entire threu hours"
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Was Also Authorized to
Purchase 100000 Blan-
kets in Spain
Had No Supplies
Departure of Troops Ahead Of
Scheduled Time Forced Ex-
traordinary Measures

WASHINGTON. Jan. 2e.--More Of
the secret testimony before the Senate
Military Committee, made public to-
dsy, disclosed that on December 10
General Pershing was authorized to
buy 1000 uniforms in England for
American troops and 100000 blankets
in Spain
The record also shows that Quarter
master General Sharpe insisted that,
jnasmuch rs numbers of American
troops we're sent to France practically
a year ahead of the time planned, some
record Of the situation should be made
to show the condition under which he
was placed TO furnish supplies. Sccrc-
tary Baker wrote an Endorsement rec
ognizing the quartermaster generals
difficulties.
On October 9 memorandum by Cen
eral Sharpe quoted cablegram from
General Pcrshing saving the American
expedition had practically no supplies
on hand.
On October 1S memorandum from
General Sharpe to the chief of staff
said: "lf it is not deemed advisable to
discontinue the shipment of troops
abroad, the necessity of providing ade-
quate clothing for the upkcep of troops
already abroad is Imperative"
This followed receipt. October l. Of
report from General 0crshing on tne
clothing situation.
In a reply on October % to General
Sharpe from the adjutant general it
was stated that it was:
THE decision of the President to
begin sending troops abroad at an
earlier date than had been anticipated
by him and to call the increments of
the National Army at an earlier date
than he had recommended
and that in order to do this he had
called upon the War Department. to
put forth very strenuous efforts, which
efforts have so far fairly we'll met the
needs from day to day, and the Sec
retary is convinced that this same en-
ergy will meet all future calls upon
the War Department." and
that while the supply situation con-
tinues to be critical. supplies will be
continued to be distributed in such a
manner that none will suffer-
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Field Artillery
Situation Bad

"ln the matter Of field artillery the
situation is equally bad. We have been
teaching men how to place guns that
they have never seen; how to range
them with instruments they have only
read about in books, and how to charge
photographs Ir this, the chief and
greatest factor Of modern warfare. we
are now ten months at war with no
proficiency in the field.
"Ths leads me to consider the final
question that interests US all, of what
is the matter with the War Department.
Before | attempt to answer this l want
to say that no one can visit our camps
without realization that great and
impressive work has been done and
that the fullest recognition should be
have asked this question, because 4
still greater task is ahead of US than
we have accomplished.
Many Of US, members Of Congress,
have spent nine weary months being
shunted from door to door and from
officer to officer, and we know we'll what
is the most obvious fault. We know the
department is filled with incompetents
and dead wood. 1t is so because we
know the men. We can point out spe-
ciically men now sitting at desks who
ment. We have found generals doing
the work of clerks and captains doing
the work Of crrand boys.
what our War Department needs
first and foremost is a Kitchener to
clear the dead wood out No theory Of
administration can make dead wood
animate. 1t has got to go.
"In the second place, we know that
the work of the War Department is
faulty, because the organization of the
War Department is defective. No
amount of minor organization can rem
edy it.
"The trouble is that it is philosophi-
cally wrong at the head. I can best
illustrate this in this manner The
most successful modern form Of bust
ness organization is the American cor
poration. This corporation has two
heads. One is the chairman of the ex-
ecutive committee, whose duty it is to
create policies, and the other is the
president, whose duty it is to carry out
the policies. lie is the administrative
head.
1--WE frequently pay chairmen Of our
executive committees 100000 a year TO
do nothing but think. We do not per-
nit them to undertake administrative
tasks. We know they can't think if
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27

come on the battlefront when the social
question involved will have to be met.
"Thc chief distinctive attraction at
this camp is the schools. There are
several for machine gunnery, bomb.
work, liason work and artillery, and all
housed in commodious buildings and
busy all day with classes. Tho eager
ness and intelligence Of the soldier
students are a subject of comment by
all tho instructors. There are also two
extensive sets Of works in the field for
trenches, obstacles and dummies to be
encountered. AS at Camp Devens,
there is general air of diligent prepa-
ration about the camp.
"The base hospital. however, Is by no
means in satisfactory condition.
There arc not yet sufficient officers
quarters nor sufficient Lot water for
such us exist. The walls Of the op-
Grating rooms are not sanitary. The
operating room in the head department
not only has defective walls, hut it is
planned to cover the floor with lin
oleum, which will not last under acids
and from which blood stains cannot be
erndicated.
"The plumbing in many parts Of tho
hospital is defective. There is such Il
bad selection and shortage Of instru-
ments that many of the doctors have
been forced to supply the deficiency out
of their own pockets.
at may be mentioned here that the
heating system at all the hospitals is
defective. There is no return system
and thousands Of gallons Of hot water
arc thrown away, Involving wastage
Of tons of coal
"The soldiers are not yet completely
equipped for winter, though it is nearly
February. There is only partial sup
ply of winter caps and rubber over
shoes. There is still a shortage of
~oollen gloves and leggings, and while
the stock Of woollen uniform coats is
numerically sufficient, there is a short
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27

the camp accept the situation as one
of the necessary evils Of life. They
nave no envy for the bullet-proof,
swivel-chaired jobs in the War Build
ing.
THE second observation is concern
ing, the artillery and the machine guns
1t is humiliating to go to camp after
camp and be faced with ingenious
wooden dummies. The breakdown Of
the ordnance department is brought
home as it never could be before q
committee.
LET us consider the situation Of
modern warfare broadly. The one great
thing that has been brought home to
US over and over again is that the
way to win the war is by guntirc. We
know that VIC must train thousands
in the intricacies of modern artillery
practice. SO important is this work
that scores of expert French and Brit
ish oliicers have been taken from the
front to teach the necessary technique
How do you think foreign officer
feels who has now for four months,
in our tenth month of war. been teach
ing machine fire from blueprints and
blackboard drawings? Many Of them
trenches on the Western front, where
there is mans work to be done. They
are tired waiting for machine guns.
'It is inexcusable that from our sup
ply at Springfield half dozen Of the
modern types should not have been
sent to each camp long ago. AS one
foreign officer put it, with three Wick
crs guns he could turn out seventy
five machne-gun instructors month,
and could have them doing this for
four months. England has been max
ing two Thousand Lewis guns month,
and could have readily sent US one
hundred. Our army will never be more
than an army Of paraders until we
have taught it gunfirc.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Negro Fraternity Founded

CHICAGO, Jan. 26.-A charter has
heen granted to a negro fraternity. Phi
Alpha Psi. by the committee on student
ORGANIZATIONS at the University Of CHI
cago, it was announced to-day. ms IS
the first fraternity for negroes to be
formed at the university.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Allotment Money
Months Overdue

"Thc boys complain that they should
be required to pay full fare on the
nearby railroad i'm view of the fact that
there is special reduced rate on the
road to Camp Upton. They complain
also that the allotment money which
should go to their parents is two and
three months overdue, which works
great hardships ut home.
"Ihe ordnance situation is substan-
TALLY the same as elsewhere. There
are only few old field guns for
drilling. There are not sufficient ma
chine guns, but those that the camp
has are being put to best advantage in
the schools.
Though there arc plenty Of horses,
there arc not enough saddles or saddle
blankets. In fact, this matter of horses
IS an example Of the lack of CO.
ordination in army plans All over the
country are thousands of horses eating
their heads off week after week which
cannot be used because there is no
ordnance to be drawn and no harness
to draw it with If it existed.
CONCLUSION
This brief review of conditions on
the ground is suggestive in itself, but
the general situation must be consid.
cred before attempting a full inter
pretation.
Two outstanding features came to
my notice at every point: First, tl.c
unsatisfactory relations between the
camps and Washington; second, the
guntlre situation.
I'm respect of the first, it was the
constant complaint that everything in
volv'ng routine through WASHINGTON
was accompanied with ntcrmnable de-
!ay; AS one of the officers put it. it
TOOK him three months to get out of
Washington what he could 70 to town
and get in three days if he wanted to
pay tor it himself. True, there we're
occasi ional exceptions in matters of SOL
diers' clothing, but repeated requisi-
TONS have been sent from some camps
ior supplies and equipment without
result, and even without acknowledge
ment.
There were numerous complaints
from the men that allotments to their
families were several months behind.
and they felt justly incenscd that the
government should withhold the money
that they had earned.
New-York tribune., 1918-01-27
Disabled Men
Await DISCHARGE

"Also at one camp three men who
were disabled, and who had been recon-
mended for discharge. have been idling
around for over three weeks awaiting
word from Washington"
Moreover. orders emanating from
Washington are too rigid in character.
Not even commanding generals at
camps have authority to modify the
regulations of the quartermaster's de-
partment in details of construction.
"The regular army officers are dis.
satisfied because promotion has been
confined to within the division, and
their juniors in rank are constantly
going over their heads in new com
mands. The active and alert men at
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22

The new wage schedule Of Denver
Cooks Union No. Is becomes effective
July /. II calls for an eight-hour day,
six days per week, with $3.50 per
shift for head cook and $3.50 for as
sistants. Overtime is so cents per
hour. At a meeting of the Hotel and
Restaurant Owners Association few
days ago it was voted TO reject the
demands Of the union. Later it was
decided to appoint n committee to
confer with similar committee of
the union. Some of the restaurant
owners have threatened to close up
shop, which is way they have Of
trying to intimidate the workers. In
the meantime the Cooks are standing
firm for their demands, and may call
n strike to enforce them II an agree
ment is not reached by July !.
Buy-W. =. s.-Today
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22
Bakers

Bakery Workers Union No. 20 will
hold smoker and entertainment this
Saturday evening in T. NJ. A. hall,
1715 California street. All bakers in
the city, whether members Of the
union or not, are invited to attend.
There is no admission fec. There will
be plenty Of Denver made union label
cigars, lunch and sparring matches by
some Of the best amateur boxers.
Short addresses are to be made by
John r. Lawson and Clint G. Houston.
The committee in charge Of arrange
ments assures all who attend a most
enjoyable and intellectual evening.
The Federal System bakery has
opened q place Of business at 1899
Fifteenth street, near the corner Of
Arapahoe, and Is employing five men,
beers Of No. 20.
The Union Cooperative bakery,
now located in enlarged quarters,
1923 Walnut street, II doing well, the
business increasing each week. Auto
delivery gives prompt service and tho
union label is placed upon each loaf
Of bread.
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22
Laundry Workers

Laundry Workers Union No. % de-
sires, thru The Bulletin, to express
appreciation to local unions and men,
bers for generous support given the
recent ball. About $500 was cleared
on the sale Of tickets.
Buy-w. 8. s.-Today
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22

The nation whole has bought in SEVEN
months less than it expected to buy in THREE
months
Colorado has been buying at the rate of less than
HALF A MILLION month. whereas it
pected buy more than MILLION AND A
HALF a month.
Denver is supposed to buy FIVE million
dollars worth by the end of December and so far
it has bought only MILLION AND A HALF.
In other words our whole nation has been max
ing this too largely twenty-five cent job. It's
FIVE MILLION job, and we've got to think in
five dollar bills hereafter instead of in quarters
Everyone of us who can, all over this state, must
pledge ourselves for thousand dollars each and
do the for many members of our family
possible.
Those of US who can't go to the Thousand dollar
mark should go it possibly can.
And certainly of whose businesses and
salaries give us income of any substantial size
at all should be content with pledging less than
hundred dollars There should be thousands and
thousands of these hundred dollar pledges right
here in Denver.
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22
GET WAGE RAISE
PUEBLO STREET CAR MEN SIGN
A NEW SCHEDULE.
Traction Company Agrees to Give
Froa 5 Cents Per Hour to 12h
Per Cent More to Employees.

NohcS@A NVhhvsPoo0Goc0l
PUEBLO, Colo, June 12.-At the
regular meeting Of Division 662,
Street Railway EMPLOYEES. held IN
March, the membership voted to in
struct the executive board to ask for
an increase in wages for all con-
cerned. After about a month Of prep
aration the board opened negotiations
with the management Of the Traction
Company for the increase. The con-
ferences lasted about six weeks, and
as a result the street car men re-
ceived an increase Of cents per hour,
which makes the scale for beginners
"a cents per hour and for the four
year men az cents per hour. The barn
and plant men received an increase Of
1914 per cent.
harmony prevailed at all Of them The
best Of feeling prevailed both at the
start of the conferences and at the
end of them.
OF the 100 men employed on the
cars, all except about twenty Of them
have been working for four years or
more and will receive the AZ cents per
hour.
We have an open verbal agreement
and the wage question may be taken
up at any time in the future.
Salt Lake City and St. Louis, Mo-,
have recently reached an agreement
whereby the car men will receive AZ
cents per hour ms the top scale.
Pittsburg, Pa, car men are now
receiving IS cents per hour and the
wages Of Detroit. Mich, and Cleve-
land, Ohio. are being settled by the
national war labor board.
In several other places the wages
are from ~ cents per hour to SO
cents and that seems to be the pre-
vailing wage paid most street car men.
Buy-w. =. s-Today
IS DOLLAR 4 YEAR" EMPLOYE.
Commissioner of Labor Morrissey APP
pointed Special Federal Agent.
State Labor Commissioner W. L.
Morrissey was this week appointed
n special agent Of the United States
department OF labor for Colorado at a
government salary of 81 per year OF
course. he will continue to receive the
usual stipend from the state.
The appointment was made upon
Recommendation of Ready Kenehan,
federal director of employment for
Colorado. in order that the two off,
Gals may more conveniently work to-
gethcr in handling labor problems in,
Colorado. The federal and state en-
ployment bureaus were recently COM
bined and are doing better work than
ever.
Director Kenchan is going to try
and secure $1,000 from the govern
mcnt to be used in transporting labor
from one part of the state to another
at seasonal periods. II the appro-
pristion is given him. Director kene-
han intends TO call in the state labor
commissioner to assist in handling the
transportation problem.
Superintendent of state free en-
ployment Offices in Colorado Springs,
Pueblo and Grand Junction have been
designated federal labor examiners,
with an added salary of $500 per year
each from the government.
Buy-W. =. s.-Todsy
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22

The small pledge should only from those
whose earnings small that the purchase of
War Savings Stamps in large quantities is simply
out of the question.
Women and girls clerking small wages old
men and boys doing only odd jobs here and there,
and the cripple whose spirit is willing but body
weak-these will do all they can, and whatever
they do will be enough, but for you and I, able
bodied and surrounded by comforts that would be
uxuries for the soldiers there, anything less
than hundred dollar, five hundred dollar and thou
sand dollar pledges dare not be thought Of
We right up to the real question now-the
question OF SACRIFICE. And if don't meet
it squarely-if don't go the top with our
fair quota. country will be in a mighty bad fix
at mighty bad time.
We may feel we've done good deal, but we've
got to do whole lot before we match the
boy in the shell hole facing hell itself that
try's flag may still be flag worth saluting.
So that's the situation, and what we going
to do about it? What are YOU and going to do
about it?
How many stamps we going to pledge?
That's the whole question now: HOW MANYf'
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22
The only way it can happen

There is just way defeat the American
Army in France.
And that way is for you and to quit here at
home. For you and to refuse to extend ourselves
any farther in backing up this war!
To say for instance, that can't buy War Saw
ings Stamps any faster than we've been doing.
If enough of us just say that, it will end the
struggle soon-WITH THE KAISER SITTING
COMFORTABLY ON OUR NECKS.
If this coming Pledge Day proves failure, it
will take the heart of American troops and put
heart into the German people.
1t will be equivalent to telling Allies who
have been sacrificing for nearly four years that
are quitting" after only fourteen months.
And don't you get the idea for a minute that
Pledge Day CAN'T be failure.
Unless the whole country awakens to fuller
realization of the situation the United States is in
right now, there is the worst kind of prospect that
Pledge Day will be the kind of failure
AMERICA HASN'T BEEN THINKING OF
THIS PART OF THE FINANCING JOB IN
BIG ENOUGH FIGURES. RADIO
HASN'T. DENVER HASN'T.
Denver labor bulletin. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-19??, 1918-06-22
Is DOLLAR A YEAR" EMPLoYE.

Commissioner Of Labor Morrissey Ap.
pointed Special Federal Agent.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1918-03-07
". N. u, DENVER, NO. 1o-1s1s.
SUPERIOR TO FATE'S FR0WNs
Frenchman Who Lost Both Hands in
Warfare Has Supplied Deficiencies
by His Own Ingenuity.

An extraordinary case is that of
Jean Ledrans, French mechanic,
now country farmer. He has lost
both hands in the war, mobiliZed in
the artillery. He took part in numer-
Gus engagements, was once wounded,
and received the military cross of the
Legion of Honor for the capture of Il
German stronghold after he was pro-
NOTED to second lieutenant. Being an
expert grenadier, he was chosen to
train recruits in bombing. While CIV
ing instruction grenade he held
burst, killed six men and wounded
Ledrans In five places. He lost his
right eye and both his hands were
blown off. Immediately after his re-
covery the peasant girl to whom he
had been engaged married him and he
settled on his father-in-law's farm.
This brave son of France is now able
to write, drive n horse and cart, drive
a plow, hoe and dig the fields and har-
ness and unharness horse. All the
appliances which he uses on both
stumps of his forearms have been de-
vised by himself.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1918-03-07
BY M, QUAD,

About midafternoon the Bowser prem
ises were invaded by three or four
strange men. Two of them brought
ladders and the others cans Of paint
and jugs Of turpentine and oil. Mrs.
Bowser when she had recovered lit
tie from the invasion tried to make
the men understand that they had
made big mistake.
"Oh, no, Mrs. BOwser." replied the
leader of the gang. II have known
Mr.. Bowser for three years and I've
been by this place thousand times.
There is no mistake here"
But what is all this stun for?" she
protested.
"It looks as If Mr.. Bowser was 60
ing to do some painting. He didn't
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1918-03-07

duced piece of chalk from his pocket
and made the sign read, 1.-THE Bowser
Villain" Then he called up:
Hello, old man. is the villain at
homeY
what do you mean, sir?" demanded
Mr.. Bowser.
II want to wiring his neck for him
for setting up barber shop on this
street."
Mr. Bowser hastened down the lad
der, but the man moved on, but an
other man replaced him, and they kept
coming and halting until thirty people
were gathered in front of the house.
They took Mr.. Bowser for house
painter, and he had to listen to such
remarks as:
"Why, the man must be fool"
"What donkey lives here, any
how?"
as 1t going to be barber shop
or Coney Island popcorn foun-
dry?"
"villa! villa! Why, 1t looks more
like chicken coop! There ought to