davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Butter, Cheese and Eggs

butter.-Receipts yesterday, 1888
packages. Creamery, higher than ex-
tras, lb, 5S@5ssc; extras, 80 score,
571sc; firsts, IS to 81 score. 55h@57c;
seconds, SO to 81 score, 53@55c: thirds,
49@52c; unsalted. higher than extras,
59is a 60c; extras, 5ea@5ecs firsts,
56 q 58c; seconds, 54G56c; state dairy,
tubs, finest, 561e@57c; good to prime,
53(G SEC; common to fair, 47052c; reno
waited. extras, Sic; firsts, 49@ SOC; lower
grades, 43M48c; imitation creamery,
ilrsts, Asa 46c; ladies', current make,
iirsts, 4l1s@'42c; seconds, 40c; lower
grades, $3.50 3ahc; packing stock. cur
391zc; lower grades, 36@39c.
Cheese.-Receipts yesterday. SAL
boxes. State. whole milk, fresh fats,
specials, colored, lb, 331sc: white. 800
80 &c; average run, colored, 33c; white.
32@321ac; lower grades, 29h@32cy
twins, specials, 33GS3hc; average run,
32hec; lower grades. 3O@32c; fats,
held. specials. 31M32kc; average run,
2e@31c; twins, held. specials. $40
321ac; average runs. 2s@3lc; lower
grades, 25M29c; Wisconsin. whole milk.
fresh 36M35hc; double daisies, held,
3oM33c; Young Americas, 3Ot0331ac;
state, skins. specials, 241s 625hc.
prime to choice, 23@24 fair to good,
2O022c; lower grades, S@lsc.
Eggs Receipts yesterday as re-
ported by the New York Mercantile
Exchange, 1882 packages. Fresh gath
cred extras, per dozen, 57@58c; extra
firsts, 54',p56c; firsts, 52@53c; seconds,
-i9@ Sic; dirties, No. I, 49651c; No. 2
md poorer, 4OG44c; checks, good to
choice, dry, 40G 42c; under grades, $500
59c; refrigerator. special marks, fancy,
charges paid, 45hcM46&c; firsts,
charges paid, 44E@45@c; seconds,
charges paid, 421z @44c; state, Pennsyl-
vania and nearby Western hennery
whites. fine to fancy, S40sSc; ordinary
to prime, 7o@s3c; gathered whites, or
binary to fine, 70084c; Pacific Coast
whites, tirsts TO finest, SOC; Western
and Southern gathered whites, 65ds2c;
state, Pennsylvania and nearby hen
merry browns, 60n63c; gathered brown
and mixed colors, 5065Sc.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Record of Stock and Bond AVERAGES


On further of buying from, nroo.,
public yesterdays stock opened with fresh
activity ana strength speculative featuring the advance
Mexican Petroleum attention reason
spectacular course rising IL high record Of 194 h
suddenly actng TO l7 in the heavy selling fifteen
Of the ~ ~'
Many other prominent stocks especially smeltng rails and
hpp'nss among which early gains extended points also
yielded much or all their advance ~ ~
United States Steel was notable instance declining sharply from
Top quoaon OF 14es to HOS and closing 2s points
There We're no surface developments explanation the markets.
abrupt reversal and the plausible tho
a was attributed to "ashngons rejection plea for an
armiice. f @ 80"
IN an probability the market for certain stocks
ana 'aders awaiting themselves of this condition.
with reluctant uncoverng many "stop loss" orders ~
An of 100000 and
excess reserves were the features of the weekly
Bonds including Liberty were steady to firm on
operations. 80 ~eNN
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

Coffee Futures.-Nothing developed
with reference to the probable course
OF the food administration or the nos
sio'ilty OF resumin9 business in coffee
futures on Saturday Various conjec-
lures are heard in the Street as to the
measures likely to be adopted for re-
neving the situation. but with the mar
ket for futures closed the disposition
- evidently to await DEVELOPMENTS.
inns attitude is reflected in the Street
market, where business was reported az
practically q standstil!, owing partly to
the impossibility of releasing hedges
and partly to uncertainty regarding the
chances of replacing present supplies.
Many think that as the food admins
tration has already placed the control
OF imports and distribution into the
hands OF the sugar equalization com
hlseeF there IS probability that the
gomez situation as a whole may be
handled IN very similar manner to
sugar Others point out that the stu
atlon would be greatly relieved if the
liquidation OF futures could be brought
about, thus releasing contracts which
are now tied up against holdings e
spot supplies.
Cattonseed OiI.-The market va.
neglected yesterday and without rev
feature. Trading operations were again
OF routine character with Offer 10,
nearby delivery comparatively small.
wniie the demand for forward sh;nmar'.
was only moderate.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
an Commodities

Oats.-There was comparatively
little feature to the oats market while
prices were steadier, closing with net
gains of II TO SAc. Offers were limited
and we'll taken, while traders were
evidently inclined to assume wait
ing position. Receipts at primary
points for the week were comparative
ly little changed from those of the
previous week and the export move
ment was smaller.
Yesterdays Previous
New York: close. close. Year ago.
Oats, No. white. .7s .7s IS
November ...... 81 .esH
December .6sI4 .e5s4 .5sLa
Rye.-Merket steady.
Yes'day's Previous
New YORK: close. close. Year ago.
Cash. No. Vest. .s1.7 si.77 SIS
Flour and MeaL-Quotations were:
Yesterdays Previous
New York: Close. close. Year ago.
Flour. Mimi, sps. patsio.so 5000 $500
Cornrneal, yell. gran. 4.07N. 4.o7Ns 1915
Rye -four, choice. -. 600 800 eco
sKiln dried
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

The local market for spot cotton was
steady and unchanged at 32.85c for
mlddling upland, compared with 28.65c
the year before. There were no sales
Of spot.
Southern spot markets follow: CAL
weston. steady, unchanged at 32.5Oc:
sales, $50 bales. New Orleans, steady.
unchanged at Sic: sales, 1872 bales.
Mobile, steady, unchanged at 3O.25c;
sales, Is bales. Savannah, firm, un-
changed at 30.25c; sales, $50 bales.
Norfolk, steady, unchanged at 30.25c;
sales, nil. Augusta, steady, unchanged
at 30.75c; sales, ,571 bales Memphis,
steady, unchanged at 31.5Oc; sales, 800
bales. Houston, steady, unchanged at
$500; sales, 3,444 bales. Little Rock,
steady, unchanged at 31.5oc; sales, 1893
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Other Oil Stocks

Sales. Open. HIGH Iou, o..
500 "Barnett o & 4 :. - Nos
5000 'Cosden & Co. liz w NJ, 7M,
$500 "Ells Basin Pet 73p 7L5 7az
1000 tEsmeralda Oil 47S
1000 'Federal Oil e. ga 2as 2X pa
200 'Glenrock OIL. 3sZ ST. az az
400 'Houston Oil :. 90 So 10 79o
700 Imperial C Oil y, VI W u
67i0 'Island o r.. ga az ae
s sS00 Merit. Merit on. 24ss 2s. 24ss 25Is
SVo0 midwest Ref. 1874 1856 132L7 1876
5000 atNorthwest OIL 81 So 81 So
10000 Okla Pr & Ref esa IS. eea eM
$500 .Pan-Ainer Pet. 6sH 70 6s' 6eE
500 sSapulpa o & r. ~ ia w, ~
1900 Security p & Il. u ia Il II
5000 sSincIair G c.. 2,Ns 2sIS 2ts 2s@
1890 .Stanton OIL. ~ ~ 1ls Va
so so VIC 81 g New s. si 81 III a. il
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

Following yesterdays prices compared With
those OF year ago:
Yesterday. year APO
Live stecTz. Ms,
100 n. .....3tf.5o @Sf6.75 $3.50 6st,,s
Dressed beef sides.
ID. .;...... .is @ az IL q al
Live veals. best.
100 ID. ;...,.: 400 @ 2t.oo 400 @ 1875
Dressed resla city.
Live ewes. 100 H. $50 q ,i.SS 7.S Is
prIns. 100 100 ID: ,4z. @ 1875 1900 a -
Dressed I, mutton. b "a ,is - Q 90
Hogs. 100 H. 1880 q Is7S ISIS q -
Dressed hogs. ba-
Mess pork. bbi. 900 4i.oo 4s.oo q 4s.sS 's
Mess i,eet; hbl $500 q $500 3l.oo q 800
ID. ...,...... 1850 q $3.50 24.4o a a.so
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Bonds

Sales COCO omittedo Open High. Low. Close.
~ Am & 7 , i,y cs ss2a 1924 1854 ssa4
5 Canadian Gov IS. s794 s734 e7s4 s7s4
IS City Sv deb Is wi. 1903 1t2 1903 112
Gen FL 6s n 1920.1oo 100 100 100
s!nter r T Is. e83a saas 1884 $685.
Russ Gov 6ias... 74Ia rave rye 74Ia
ENLISTED. tSes cents Per share.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Yesterdays Transactions in Listed Stocks

Az STOCKS quoted dollars share Also IN dollars
" s " based on last and low prices Of the
year arc based only on transactions MORE
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Curb Market

Note.-The Tribune assumes no response
bllity for the accuracy or authenticity Of curb
market quotations. Transactions and prices
Saturday were as follows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Bid and Asked
Quotations

Sid. Asked
.Kcnro Copper. 37M S7s.
/ ilcok e. u NJ. ~, S
! do pr ..... So
* & i l. d i. 100 iyt
krcss Il Co.. 50 ~
} Go pr .....i02 1916
Lack steel. 75H. 10
Lac.ede Gas. IS 3S
Lake f d ". 8 !0,,
! do pr 49,. 22i2 IS
Lehigh Valley. 81 o2sa
Lee hub 4 7. 2,4 2iis
| do pc ....iO6 iG3
iL-W Bis Co. AZ 42H9
! 90 LIST pr. o.
! 10 Cd pr. S6
! Loriliard L. .t57 1864
do pr .I04
LOUSY 4 n. .ii3 t2O
Mackay Cos. e. 76H II
90 pr -. o. o@'s
Manhat Beach "a 3
Manhgt III. 100 i06
! MMiliat Eiec. - ~
! DO pr $50. "
! Mat Al W.. IS
Maxwell Mtr.. 1874 81
do LIST pr. G6 6bH,
do I'd pr. .. 28Hs 2St2
! May Dept 81. SO 50
do pr ....i0D 1906
Mex Petrol. US w
Miami Z Cop. 283a 70
Mich Central. - 80
Midvalc Steel. ~ 47,2
" & y i new l03a iO3a
MSP& S S NJ % "a
do pr ....i03 100
do lsd lines. 90 20
NJ X Il It. 571 6'A
do pr ..... II IiLs
Mo Pacific. -. 25l2 2s5.
, GO br $500. S8r2 81
Mont Power. 70 20
do pr 49,. 9gHs
Nash & chat. i0s iao
Nat Acme -. 30He 81
! Nat Biscuit. los 1903
do pr .i09 NJ
Nat q & S. So IS
do rr .....i0i i05
! Nat Con 4 G. i75a 10
Nat I'm g. ST. As as,
do Or .... 80 %
Nat Lead 80. 60 81
do pr .....t03 TO
n RR NJ lst pr - 10
90 "a pr. J ga
NeY tyn top 2u'a ~
!. . ! q NJ 24b2 Is
:, = ! ! ar Br' W llS
y y central. Tsl 701a
n J { * S l. W. 23
DO LIST pr. So 65
do ID pr. ~ 40
N I Dock. E. 2it2 22is
do pr ..... IS ~
\ Y l. 4 W - 1873
y Y y ii d II asa ~,
y y o d. W. 22Ns az ;
Norfolk SO 80. Is i7s.
Norfolk x W i08s4 leo
do pr .... il go
North Am -. 80 90
Northern Pac. 93s4 81
] No Scotia 50 - o.
Ohio Tuel -. 433s "A
ONO Gas 80. - 40
! ori Sllvef -. ~ "a
/ Owens Bot. go 81
do Or 100
Pacific Coast. ~ 60
do I,t Dr.. 6S 100
90 % pr. So 40
Pacific Mali. 32ia So
Pac Tel & T % 27
do pr 900. 83 80
iP Am Pet pr.iI9,a 1883
Penn K II -. IS 4S' q
Peoria & T.. Az 81.
PEG G & c. So s6
Pese Marquette Is t5H,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Coffee, Sugar, Tea and Cotton
seed Oil

CURRENT year
m prices aro
Tee. Forn,osa. per h.. so 81
Sugar, graduated, per ID -. aas
Coffee. Rio No. Z. per ID. 1oss a..
Ccttonseed oil per ID. 500
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Hay and Straw
Yesterday
(Per toni.

large bales =. .;4o.oo@42.oo s24.oo@2s.oo
No. clover mxd 3s.oo@3e.oo 2o.oo@2i.o0
Rye straw. No. I 23.00@ ~ 5000 -
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1918-01-26
OLD WORLD NEWS

Irish College Burns.-In fire which
occurred recently at Kildare, Ireland
the Christian Brothers monastery
and schools were burned to the
ground. There was no loss of life.
Bishop Appointed disappointment OF
an Auxiliary Bishop of Warsaw and
a Bishop of Minsk in Russia ARE an
nounced in the last number of the
"Acta Apostolicae Sedis.
Anglican Convert. Mr.. w. A. P,
Wayte, late Anglican vicar at Duns.
tall, England, authorizes the state
.ment that he has been received into
the Catholic Church Mr.. Wayte has
been the incumbent of Dunstall for
three years.
Three Bishop SoIdiers.-Three Bish.
ops are serving in the French army !:
one as stretcher-bearer; a Vicar Apos-
tolic as sub-lieutenant, and Bishop
Mourey of the Gold Coast as private.
Ireland and the Rosary.-On the
feast of the Immaculate Conception
the Bishop of Clonfert, Ireland, issued
q pastoral letter saying: ut be-
hooves Irelands children to take their
Rosary in their hands, and stand
faithful to the Blessed Mother of God,
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1918-01-26
WAS LUTHER INSANE?

Some learned alienists, commenting
on the contradictions and incon.
sistencies that are found in Luthers
published writings and teachings, find
that the only adequate solution is
that he was insane, says The Catholic
Messenger. The simple fact is that
in his heart Luther was always con.
vinced of Catholic truth. His great
but perverted intellect could not be
otherwise. His pride was colossal,
his passion violent, and when excited
in controversy with Catholic OPP
ponents he did not hesitate to attack
or deny any point OF doctrine.
In calmer moments when in private
or In controversy with rival heresi-
archs, his real belief asserted itself
and he defended and stoutly main
tanned orthodox Catholic doctrine.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1918-01-26

Saints and Blessed. For the inter-
est and ediflcation of our readers we
cul the following items from the
Revista Franciscana: Between the
years 1900 and 1882, the Catholic
Church has canonized sc servants Of
God, while $50 were beatified. OF
these, 314 belonged to religious orders
as follows: Franciscans, 1T; Jesuits.
80; Dominicans, SO; Augustinians, -;
Trinitarians, 81 Norbertins, 2; Breth-
rem of st. John of God, q; Lazarists,
i; Passionists, L: Redemptorists, 1
Carmelites, / other religious orders,
Is. The remaining 102 were ecclesi.
astics or simple lay persons. OF these
416 servants of God (35S men and
SIS womenD. 297 suffered martyrdom,
while the remaining 119 practiced vir.
tue in a heroic degree"
Holy Father Responds.-In thank.
ing the Roman arlstocracy on New
Years Day for their Christmas and
New Years greetings. Pope Benedict
expressed his appreciation that the
nobility had Endorsed our words, with
which we recently invited the peoples
OF the earth to return to God, with the
view of Fastening the end of the
frightful misfortune, which has afflict
ed the world for more than three
years" I'VE must return to Christ,
His Holiness added, lin order once
more to enjoy the benefits of civiliza
| ton" The Pontiff said the road
whereby to return to Christ, was that
of justice and love. He expressed sat
isfaction that the nobility had joined
with the Holy See in condemning the
| recent air raids, which were against
the rights of man. The Pope raised
his voice against the form of warfare
which is used against undefended cit
les without bringing military results
| and which causes victims among non
| combatants, besides damaging church
es and art treasures, thus increasing
national hatreds.
English converts.-It is estimated
that about $4,000 people return every
year TO the OLD faith In England. Some
interesting totals of English CONVEX
| sions are found in Converts to Rome
in recent years. 1t includes no less
than 572 Church of England ministers
% of the Episcopal Church of Scot
land, II of the so-called Church O
Ireland, and ~ -Conformist minis
tiers. During the same period 20 peers
and 53 peeresses have been received
and 432 other members of the uppe
classes, including AZ baronets and 2.
knights. The army has contributed
3O6 officers and the navy ga. OXFORD
University contributes $50 graduates
Cambridge 346, Durham "a, Trinit!
| College, Dublin, SO. Out of all thes,
converts no less than 612 becam,
| Catholic priests.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1918-01-26

When Father Prout, to glorify the
more the bells of his native Shandon
compared their tolling with the thun.
der of the great bells of st. Peters,
when heard in the mole of Hadrian,
he was consciously or uncOnsciously
proving himself a great aesthetic i'm
sound. For the great mausoleum re-
echoes the bells of the Vatican in a
sonOrous blend of music that may not
be heard from any other hill or monu-
ment of imperial Rome. Furthermore,
the majesty of the call from the great
basilica is most fittingly heard in the
great fortress, the best preserved of
all the ancient monuments (if we eX-
cept the temple of Marcus Agrippa)
which sheltered Clement VII from in
vading armies and which has resisted
the floods of Father Tiber for so many
centuries. Horace regretted that the
Tiber should in his wroth burst into
the Forum to overthrow the monu-
ments Of the kings and to quench the
sacred fire Of the Goddess Vesta.
Ovid was sad because the sacred spot
on which Romulus and Remus were
exposed should be covered with reeds
and made a marsh by the same river
god, but the Castle of st. Angelo has
been always protected by the yellow
waters and never destroyed, writes a
correspondent in the Catholic Mes
senger.
The Emperor Hadrian was a cul-
tured man, and fond of travel, so
much so that he sailel up the Nile
to see the famous tomos and temples
of the Pharoahs, and likewise sailed
up the Thames to the savage British
tribes and built wall to save them
from the incursions of the more war
outdone by the emperors of the Julian
house, he built splendid villa on the
way to Tivoli, and as there was no
further room in the MausOleum of
Augustus to receive the ashes of the
imperial family he erected the new
sepulchre on the right bank of the
Tiber amid the wide gardens of Domi-
tia. Hadrian was an architect of not
inconsiderable ability, and he spared
no pains to surpass other builders of
funereal monuments by the magnifi-
cence and elegance of his design.
The building was designed with a
square basement 253 feet long on each
side covered with marble and crowned
with friese festooned with flowers.
There were inscriptions of the various
emperors including those of the ele-
CANT Lucius Verus, and the british
Commodus. On this square basement
the round mole was built of pererine
and travertine and covered with mar
BILE cornices and ornaments. In its
present state it measures SIS feet in
circumference and more than It's in
diameter, but is despoiled Of all Its
marbles, as we'll as another wall and
corridor Of great beauty that made 1t
harmonic with the basement. In Its
original state 1t was far more perfect
than that il Cecilia Metella. Over this
round mole there was magnificent
pyramid with steps gradually narrow
ing to a platform on which stood a
round peripheral temple, dedicated to
the deified emperors and adorned with
beautiful pillars 1t is said that the
"a pillars OF pavonazzetto formerly In
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1918-01-26

st. Paups outside the walls we're orig
inally round this temple, and Clement
VII believed that 1t was crowned by
the pigna. or metal cone, afterwards
placed in the middle of the atrium of
the Vatican basilica and is now stand
ing in the Vatican gardens.
Enriched by Popes.
When Emperor Aurelian included
the Campus Martius within the pre-
cincts of the city and girded the left
bank of the Tiber with walls and tow
ers from the Flaminian gate to the
Flumentine he joined the walls to the
mole Of Hadrian and fortified it with
six towers. giving it the name of the
Fort of Hadrian, and opened a gate in
1t called the Comedian, from the road
in which it opened, afterwards st.
Peters road. 1t was later called the
bronze gate and was adorned and en-
larged by Leo w and Alexander vi.
but was closed by Paul TIT.
1t is said that Emperor Theodosius
took the columns Of the mausoleum
for the Basilica of st. Paul's, and the
entire upper part was removed ac-
cording to PrOcOpius, but the greater
part of the lower half with it's marble
and sculptures survived intact till 537
A. d., when they were utilized by the
troops of Belisarius to beat off the
Cloths who assaulted the fort and it's
gate. 1t was afterwards called the
Camp or Tower of Crescenzo Nomen.
tame, who seized and fortified it to-
wards the end of the tenth century;
1t had also another name, that of the
House of Theodore" In the twelfth
century finally it came to be called
the Castle of st. Angelo probably
from church on its summit dedicated
to st. Michael, and which was called
in the tenth century st. Angelo usuue
ad coelos, and with which is connected
the legend of the vision of the angel
sheathing his sword in token of the
| ceasing of the plague and the COM
position of the Regina Coeli. 1t was
| in possession Of the Pontiffs from the
| twelfth century to the reign of Mar
hands of the factions that at that
period distracted Rome. In 1895 it
was badly damaged by an explosion
of gunpowder which was ignited by a.
| thunder bolt, but was repaired and
| fortified by Alexander VI. Paul III
further built about it, and adorned the
interior which for some time had been
the residence of Caesar Borgia. Plus
~ constructed the exterior fortifica-
lions and Urban VIII completed the
exterior as we now see it from the
design of the great Bernini.
| There are many small rooms in the
| interior fitted up for sepulchres, and
others as passages between the vari-
GUS stories. In one of these was dis
covered the porphyry urn that Pope
Innocent II transferred to the Lat
eran. The loggia or gallery that looks
out on the country around Rome was
in the reign of Paul III ornamented
with the paintings of Sermoneta and
with stucco work by Raphael Monte
lupO, the same who likewise made the
marble statue of the Angel which was
afterwards removed in the reign of
Benedict XIV.
In the salon there were pictures by
| Pierino del Vaga, and in other rooms
paintings by Giulio Romano.
Pyrotechnic Displays.
Formerly on the evenings of June
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1918-01-26
The Castle of St. Angelo

WONDERFUL MOLE OF HADRlAN
IN ROME-IT HAS WITHSTOOD
CENTURIES OF UPHEAVALS-
STRENG ENED AND PRE-.
SERVED BY THE PoPEs-IT a
MINE OF HISTORIC INTEREST
AND "REMINISCENCES.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1918-01-26
Pyrotechnic Displays.

| Formerly on the evenings of Jun,
% and 80, the feast Of IS. Peter ant
Paul, a display of fireworks consist
| ing of $500 sky rockets lighted III
the giant papal fortress. The effec
| was grandiose, and the idea is said tt
have been conceived by Michael An
gelo and perfected by Bernini The
same illuminations were held on thu
anniversary of the papal coronation.
In the prison chambers in the in
terror and in the vaults great prison
ers of state used to be confined. Ben
venuto Cellini spent some time in one
of the vaults below the level of the
Tiber. AS he felt depressed he grew
penitent and in his fervor scratched
his prayers on the wall. Whenever
the Holy See was vacant it was the
custom to transfer all prisoners here
for their better keeping. A covered
corridor used to communicate between
the castle and the Vatican palace. II
was built by Alexander vi over the
ancient wall of the Leonine city, and
from The Vatican in case of sudden
attack. This is how Clement VII in
the year 1927 escaped from the Luth.
eran hordes let loose in Rome by the
wickedness of the emperor and the
treachery of the Medici.
Plus w pierced the wall under.
meath this passage, and Urban VIII
covered it with roof.
Since the completion of the en-
bankment of the Tiber, the castle has
lost much of it's noble appearance.
The fanking, towers no longer rise
from the waters edge, but look short
and squat as they rise from the dusty
road; the fortress has become great
dreary museum. But in the clear au-
tumn days when it's brown mass har-
monies with the leaves of the trees
along the Tiber, and the figure of
the Angel on the summit stands out
clear against the blue, when the pill
grim walks to the bridge guarded by
IS. Peter and Paul, with it's angels
sculptured by Bernini and his pupils,
when he gazes from the kindly guar
dian dome of Peter, then he feels that
he is, in the new sacred way, the castle
of the angels, the bridge of the angels,
and the kindly Tiber all bring him to
the feet of the Vicar Of Christ.