davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
'GASSING' OF men
STIRS AMERICANS
Rev. James L. Nichols, OF
Seaford, Tells of Sights
In Trenches
LOOKS FOR EARLY,
COMPLETE VICTORY

An interesting letter has just been
received by the Rev. W. NJ. Schall,
Presbyterian chaplain. at the Phi,adel-
phia General Hospital, and formerly OF
First Presbyterian Church. this city,
from his friend, the Rev. James l..
Nichols. OF seaford. Del. now with the
American forces in France.
The Rev. MIR. Nichols writes as fol-
lows:
France, July TO- 1918.
MY Dear Friend Schall.
My camp has grown rapidly since
came here; we have 100 men or over
and bids fair TO become one OF the most
important OF its kind in France. So. you
see, my work also has grown.
I'VE have some Liberty Motors on the
field. Have had a few before, and ex-
peot a great many to come now. Il is
wonderful machine. in spite OF our
friends the enemy. who insist on inves-
tigatlng and finding fault / cannot tell
you all. but have asked several French
experts, and they are delighted with II.
and think 10 a wonderful machine. / am
looking forward 10 having a sail In one
some time in the not very distant fu-
iure. Had my first airplane sail some
I time ago. 10 is a wonderful experience.
or course, the ship goes very steadily,
but the roar about your ears Is terrific.
And when you get up about 200O or
5000 feet the country under you Is
wonderfully beautiful. The farms. roads
and fields look like a big checkerb0ard.
The motion is very much Ike that OF
a small boat on the long rolling waves
except that now and then she dips down
a little farther. We have been having
lots OF bomb raids on Paris until recent
lly and think that Sammy has kicked
Fritz on the shins and Fritz has sat
down to rub them somel
"Dr. Hass, who came over In my
party, has been out on the front line.
He had the privilege Of getting out into
No Mans Land. He saw some OF our
boys who had been gased and died from
IT, He said the muscles OF their faces
were drawn until Il was horrible. Their
eyes seemed starting from the sockets
and a green slime was Oozlng from their
mouths. They were purple In color.
Dr. Hass Is a very quiet. gentle man,
but he said that sight stirred up hell
in him as he had never had 1t done
befOrei
MY big Tight Is against the devil OF
immortality. ] cannot tell you in writ
ing some OF the things that come 10
me, but | have gone into the fight with
gloves OF. From what / hear, ! thinl
| I have made some impression that viii
last
suffice Il to be said, that the Frencf
people are delighted with what tn
Americans are doing and the way the,
are lighting. And every one on thi
side OF the Atlantic looks for an earl
and a complete victory.
VERY cordially,
-. s NICHOLS"
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
BY CARL ID. GROAT
liled press SInff Cnrresnnndent

United Press Stan Correspondent
WASHINGTON, Aug. 23.-That FOch
intends 10 pound the Boche hard all
winter is the view Of high military ex-
perts here today.
Several prominent officers on duty
here have openly favored a strenuous
winter campaign for a long time. They
are OF the school who complained al
the absence OF open warfare and who
have cheered loudly since this system
came into play.
Now they believe that th''r hopes
are coming true for the French mill
tary wizard gives every indication OF
hammering on and on, giving the Boche
as little opportunity as possible to
mend and recuperate his ranks.
I'VE ought TO keep on giving then
h" said one authority. "0nly in that
way can we get a speedy finish. A win
ter campaign OF large proportions IS
tough proposition but 1t will be worse
for the enemy than for us"
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
Committee BOOSTS
SOFT DRINK TAX
Substantial Increases to
Be Made to Fatten
Revenue Bill
$l0O, 1000, 900 TO
BE THE REVENUE

WASHINGTON, Aug. 23.-Devoiees of
soda water. near-beer and carbonateo
drinks Of all kinds must fortify them
selves against another cruel shock.
IIard-hearted members OF the Ways and
Means Committee are declaring that the
levies on this class OF beverages must
be materially increased. Ten days age
existing law rates were sent skyward
Now the exlgencies OF nlling further
financial holes In the big revenue bill
render another boost desirable, II not
necessary.
As now written in the bill. tax OF
10 per cent Is imposed on all soft
drinks sold by manufacturers, produc-
ers. bottlers or importers. In addition
tax OF two cents is levied on each 10
cents paid for all soft drinks sold at
soda fountains. On each sale OF seven
cents OF less the tax Is one cent. Sun
daes and all concoctions In which ics
cream becomes a competent part are
included In the tax.
A tax OF 10 cents a gallon Is levied on
near-beer and similar fermented bever-
ages containing less than one-haf OF
one per cent OF alcohol. The present
law rate on this class OF drinks Is one
cent a gallon. The Treasury Depart
ment recommends that a tax OF 10
cents per gallon be imposed.
The soft drinks schedule as written
in the revenue bill is estimated TO bring
in Si00,0OO.OO0 year. The Treasury
officials seek the leyying OF such rates
as Will produce not less than s2JOOoO,-
600 from that source. Hence, the ON
clals have consistently urged that high
rates be substituted for those already
placed in the pending measure.
The opinion was expressed by some
committee members that the leyies on
soft drinks Will be increased before
the bin is reported. The present in
tention is 10 make the rate 30 instead
OF 10 per cent. on all soft drinks sold
lby manufacturers. producers, bottlers
or importers. other changes calculat-
ed to bring in more revenue are under
consideration.
Actuarles, experts and clerks shucked
| their coats and sought TO clothe the
two pending excess profits plans with
due legal phraseology. They worked
early and late. When curfew rings to-
night, II Is expected 20 have these al
Tentative features whipped into shape
They will be submitted for considera-
ton tomorrow. The COMMITTEES VIII
then decide which one should b'
adopted.
The hearings relative to the exces'
and war profits methods, with the al
Tentative plan by which the Treasur
would assess whichever tax .woul
! realize the maximum Of revenue. haV
/, been made public.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
DOughboys Haze Part
In Success of Allies

considered as a whole, from Ypres to
Rheims.
As one Of Grest Britains most capa-
BILE military writers observed:
1t is the presence in the field OF the
powerful, growing body Of Americans
that has made possible the energetic
handling Of the enemy, which is now
the feature OF the western campaign" b"
Experts are unanimous in the opin-
ion that FOch not only could not have
achieved the Initiative without the big
American help and that he could not
maintain it without the steadily pro-
gressive increase OF such help.
There is every assurance now that,
thanks TO America, no matter how
desperately the Boche may resist here
and there the days Of deadlock are for
ever passed. The Allies in complete
command are able to impose their will
on the enemy when and where they
like
But this does not mean end Is even
yet in sight. German doggedness. te-
nacity and recuperative powers must
always be reckoned with.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
Official Reports of the Battles

north Of Bray, the town itself not
forming a part OF our objectives.
We have captured over five thou
sand prisoners in two days.
We captured in Albert 400 pris-
oners and a few guns.
lr counter attacks in the Mirau-
mont sector the enemy entered our
positions, but was driven out again.
The same thing happened northeast
Of Achiet-le-Grand. Hostile attacks
east OF Courcelles and east Of Moy-
enneville were also repulsed.
BRITISH.
(Day)-At ii5 o'clock this morn
ing our troops attacked the posi-
tions OF the enemy between the
Somme and the Ancre rivers.
BY nightfall yesterday our pa
trolls had made progress on the left
bank OF the Ancre river to the south
and east OF Beaucourt.
North Of the Ancre river our posi-
tions gained yesterday were main
tanned against strong hostile coun-
ter attacks delivered during the
afternoon and evening on the Mirau-
mont and Achiet-le-Grand front.
The hostile artillery has been
very active throughout the night on
the battle front. and this morning
fresh hostile counter attacks are re-
ported TO have developed opposite
Niraumont and Irles.
Between two thousand and three
thousand prisoners and a few guns
were captured by us in our opera
tiOns yesterday.
Further progress has been made
by us TO the east and northeast Of
Merville. Our troops are on the out
skirts Of Neuf Berquin.
Last night we attacked and cap
tured a hostile strong point north
Of Bailleul
4 strong local counter attack was
delivered by the enemy yesterday
morning against LocrehOlf Farm,
northwest Of Of Dranoutre. II was
repulsed after sharp lighting. Fur
ther lighting took place during the
night in this sector
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
Allies Won't Let Up On
Huns During The Winter

He expressed the view that by keep
ing on with the campaign instead OF
permitting the fight 20 dwindle 10 oc-
casiOnal trench sorties. the way would
be prepared for a mammoth spring
campaign, and the German would be
more quickly sickened OF his military
masters
Just at present there is some doubt
in military minds as 10 the exact in
tentiOn OF the TeutOn stan. Some au-
lhOrltles say the Boche is falling back
Father easily and suggest that he Is
striving now only to save his men and
material until he can establish a new
line behind the Somme.
II is believed that a retirement from
the Lassigny region will soon be
forced.
However, it Is considered doubtful
that the German can Ill up his di-
visions and undertake another offensive
now. Foch manifestly proposes to
keep him so busy that he cannot bur
row into the ground and stay there.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
Worlds Greatest Powder
Factory is Built in 6 Monfhs

in the quality. and then packed. II re-
quires about IS days for the completed
process from the raw cotton and acid
stage to the completed product.
This is subjected to a rigid inspec-
tion. and a two to three days test Of
actual firing in the guns for which it
is intended The Old Hickory plant has
its own proving ground. Some Of the
guns are on hand for testing; others OF
large csliber are on the way. The first
lot Of 25O,0OO pounds will go to test
September 1.
From this plant the powder is sent
TO the loading companies. where 1t is
put into the shell cases furnished by
the shell manufacturers.
The Old Hickory plant will not only
be the largest but the most complete
powder mandatory in existence. II
will make everything that is needed
down to the boxes for packing. except
the raw material itself.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
By FREDERICK NJ. KERRY,
~ D A. stan Correspondent.

h
JACKSONVILLE, feminine hundred
thousand pounds OF smokeless cannon
powder every day is going TO be the
contribution TO the war OF the largest
povder plant in the world.
have spent the day looking al an
industrial community that six months
ago was nothing but peaceful iarih
Ionds There was no such place as
Jacksonvile: now il is nrst-class
nostoflce with $1,000 houses built or
being built. -
miles OF corn fields. pasture lands ana
trick gardens, 81. 100 men are at work
making powder and building new units
of ihe plant. Already 2JOOOO pounds
NJ powder have been manufactured.
Before January 1, Jacksonville VIII
nave moro than a hundred thousand
nonulatfon. everyone OF its workers en-
gsged in making powder for the big
guns. -.
been named, has been Duilt Dy tne GOV
ernment and Is being operated by the
dupont Engineering Company. At Viie
end of the war the plant belongs 10
the government.
Il is an amazing undertaking. IL re-
sembles nothing so much as magni,
fed moving picture scenario OF a solu
rush mining town. 49,
The countryside is gashed win lines
of yellow. where plows, stump pullers'
steam shovels and road rollers have con-
sfrucied streets as yet unpsved. Rows
and rows OF frame houes, covered WIN
far paper and tents. house the workers
Saddled horses tied TO posts make one
think Of a western mining town. but
in place OF THE Nugget Saloon there
Is the Y. NJ. c. A. building, and where
ne "Klondyke Dance HalP would be Is
Virginia Mess No: 4" and across from
Il the short order Restaurant.
Black. white and yellow men toll TO-
gether building streets, laying water
mains and sewer pipes, putting up
houses. hauling material, digging
ditches, hammering, saving, mailing.
Beyond the village lies the great
barbed wire enclosure in whlch the
plants are located. The first thing one
hears on entering the guarded gate, and
the last on leaving is-MATCHESl IL
Is a penitentiary offense to light a
match or smoke within the confines OF
the camp.
There are TO be nine units in this
vast plant. Three are complete. Ihe
plant is scheduled for completion on
April 4. 1919 It will probably be in
complete operation January 4. Actual
manufacture Of powder started July g.
forty-nve days ahead Of schedule.
had an idea powder looked like the
stuff we used to squeeze out OF fire
crackers that hadn't. exploded. Instead,
70 looks like spaghetti-or macaroni.
II it's macaroni it's for the big guns
IL it's spaghetti. it's for the smaller
sizes. Instead of being hollow, though,
the end looks like a miniature honey
comb. The spaghetti is chopped of to
make "grains" 10 smOkeless powder
While the process requires great care
the operations are simple. The ingre-
dients are raw cotton, treated with a
mixture, in plastic form, is put through
A machine that forms it into the
spaghetti-lke form. The wet mix
ture is then put through three drying
processes hot water. steam, and hot
air When dry il is grained or chopped
blended so thqe VIII be no variation
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
TO MAKE STATE
SCHOOL CENSUS
Work Will Be Done Under
Auspices of Council
of Defense
TEACHERS WILL
GIVE ASSISTANCE

Plans for a volunteer school census
of the State. were made yesterday at
meeting at Newark, between II. r..
Bonner, statistician Of the L. :. Bureau
Of Education. A. r. Spaid, Of the State
Board Of Education and Miss jeanette
Eckman OF the women's department OF
the state Council OF Defense. There
never has been any record OF school at
tendance or other school data in the
state, and the pressing need for such
"a record is Indicated in the school CEN
sus recently completed Of this city.
In one cOngested block in Whining
ton, there were 81 children 6f school
age, who were not in school. Some
were working, but the majority were
not attending school, staying home or
roaming the streets.
At the conference it was arranged to
conduct the State census under the
auspices OF the state Council Of Dc
fense. A form OF record satisfactory
TO the L. :. Bureau Of Education and
local organizations was agreed upon.
The State Board Of Education Will
grant the teachers time TO take the cen
sus during the first two weeks OF the
SCuuOl ltIllit ali stiuulS blNhihc vh ~
tember Q.
It developed at the conference that
Delaware has no adequate record OF
children Of school age in the state and
no attendance department The state
Board OF Education has long been de-
sirous OF establishing such a depart
ment and is cooperating fully and
heartily with the State Defense COun-
ell. The census made in this city Is
about ready Ia be turned over to the
Board OF Education.
The returns in this city will be used
TO check up the child welfare condi-
tions.
Al a meeting Of the Teachers Insti-
tute. at Newark yesterday, Miss Eek
man presented to the teachers the pur-
pose OF the volunteer survey. she
stated that taking stock Of the children
OF school age, in each school district
OF the state was not a matter OF cold
statistics. or OF records to be filed away
in an Office. but that each blank, show
ing whether children were in school or
not. would represent human record.
The information contained on each
blank would show whether the chill
dren Of Delaware were having a fair Op-
portunity to become useful and we'll
Informed citizens. The child welfare
committee a. $50 state Council Of De-
fense will ach teacher in listing
the children Ier district, and Will
also furnish a volunteer motor service
where Il is needed.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23

LONDON, Aug. 22.- Following are
the official reports OF the lighting in
France and Flanders:
FRENCH.
Night Our troops continue to
advance along the whole front We
have reached the Diyette river from
its mouth as far as EyricOurt. We
have carried our lines 10 the out
skirts of Quierzy.
We have occupied St Aubin. Sc
lens. Bagneux, Epangy, Bieuxy,
NauXrCzis and Pommiers The ma
tcrial abandoned by the enemy be-
tween the Aisne and the Disc is con-
siderable. More than 200 cannon
have been counted since August 20.
FRENCH.
lDay)-During the course OF the
night, French troops have main
lained contact with the enemy, who
Is retreating between the Matz and
The Disc and east OF the Disc.
We have occupied lie PlemOnt,
Thiescourt. Cannectancourt and
Vile and have reached the Divette
river.
We have reached the Disc 10 the
east Of Noyon from Chempigny TO
Bgetigny.
Further to the cast we have taken
Bourguignon and st. Paul-auX-
Bois. Passing to the north OF this
village we have reached the Ailette
at La Ouincy-Basse.
Between the Ailette and the Aisne
there is no change in the situation,
except in the region Of POmmiers,
where we have taken the western
outskirts Of the village.
BRITISH.
(Night)-In our attack between
Bry-sur-Somme and Albert. we have
been completely successful. captur-
ing the whole Of our Objectives at
an early hour and advancing two
miles on a front OF more than six
miles
We have retaken Albert.
There was considerable resistance
at certain points, especially on the
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
30 KILLED In
CYCLONE SWEEP

BY The United Press.
TYLER, Mimi, Aug. 23.-Thirty iden-
tilted dead and three missing was the
toll OF the Tyler cyclone OF Wednesday
night. according TO the coroner's official
count early today After a day and two
nights Of horror and sorrow. unsleep-
ing crowds were stlll searching ruins
OF buildings today for bodies. State
guards are on duty and a temporary
morgue has been established at the
town hall just or the storms path.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
Yanks Keep Germans
"Jumping" Along the VeSle

compllshments are Of the highest i'm
portance. The rapid advance Of the
French between the Disc and the Aisno
reaching within four miles OF the orr
ginal line. is fast creating a salient in
the Boche positions and increasing the
necessity for an early withdrawal from
the Vesle TO the old Aisne line.
A detachment OF Americans. led by
Captain William harrington. son Of the
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
British Take 400 Huns
In Capture of Albert

Vile, north OF the Ancre was beaten
OF, the British retaining their newly
won advantage. including domination
Of the Arras-Albert railway.
Fourteen hundred prisoners were
taken in Albert, raising the total 10
5000 captured by the British in two
days.
French troops continued their pro-
gress along the whole front between
Lasslgny and Scissors yesterday.
The number Of captured cannon has
been increased by more than POO since
Tuesday.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
AVIATOR THAW KILLED.
BY FRANK \. TAYLOR
United Press Staff Correspondent

United Press STAFF Correspondent
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMIES IN
FRANCE, Aug. 23.-(Night)-Lieutenani
Putnam OF the American forces, has
downed his eleventh German airplane
The pilot and the observer were killed
The machine, a rumpler, fell within
the Allied lines in flames. Lieutenant
Blair Thaw, brother Of Major William
Thaw, was killed in an sirplane acci-
dent Sunday when his machine side
slipped and fell. He was buried be-
side Major Raoul Lufberry, with his
mother and sister present a' the fu-
neral services.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
SCHWAB in 0VERALLS
AT Hog ISLAND
Rv The limited Press.

BY the United Press.
PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 23-Charles NJ.
Schwab, directOr-general Of the Emer-
gency Fleet Corporation, is ION the
job" at the Hog Island shipyard today.
He put on overalls and went 10 work in
the yards so as to get in direct personal
touch with the shipworkers and urged
them to speed up as much as possible
on ship construction work.
Schwab intends to spend ten to twelve
hours each day in one Of the shipyards
He will leave Hog Island today and go
South for an inspection Of the South
Atlantic and Gulf port yards.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
THREE MORE CASUALTIES

BY the United Press.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 23.-Three naval
casualties were reported by the Navy
Department today. They are:
Cornelius A. Crilly, seaman, Thomp-
kinsville, n. Y, U. S. Naval Reserve
Force, attached to the United States
steamship Blackhawk, drowned.
Charles /. Roth. Angola. n. Y, ma
chinlsts mate, u. 5. ~, fell overheard
from the U. 5. s. Cassin, August is, and
was drowned.
Orrin Francis Hartle. Pittsburgh, Pa,
machinist's mate. L. s. Naval Reserve
Force, killed in airplane accident in
Italy.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
By FRED S. FERGUSON.
UNITED Press staff Correspondent

UNITED Press Staff Correspondent
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMIES IN
FRANCE. Aug. 23.-The Allied offensive
is now at It's greatest height since July
is. not only in accomplishment, but in
possibilities.
Although the more recent operations
lack the spectacularity Of the Soissons-
Marne and British attacks, their &C
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
IN the Unlted Press

BY the United Press
LONDON, Aug. 23.-Albert, which
formed the center OF German resistance
between the Somme and the Scarpe,
was in the hands OF the British today.
The attack carried out yesterday on
the six-mile front between the Ancre
and the SOmme was completely sue
cessful, the British gaining two miles
and capturing Albert despite desperate
enemy resistance.
At the same time. heavy German
counter-attacks along the ten mile
front between Beaucourt and Moyen-
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
ITALY WELCOMES L. 5. MISSION.
By the United Press.

BY tne Dnlteu fltaS.
ROME. Aug. 23.-General Treats spe-
cial American mission was received In
audience by King Victor Emanuel, ac-
cording TO dispatches from the front
today and afterward gave them a lunch
con.
Later the mission was received by tbs
Duke D'Aosta. Francis J. Sayre, son-in-
law OF President Wilson, explained the
work OF the mission among American
troops in every front
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
BIILDING PERMITS.

Building Inspector Preston today is
sued the following permits:
To the Pusey and Jones Company. TO
erect a shed at the foot Of Front street,
10 cost $780,
To :. j. Woieikiewicz. 20 erect a
dwelling at Bowers and Twenty-seyenth
street. TO cost $1,000.
To W. G. Penneld. 10 make an addi-
ton at No. 1909 Park Place, to cost SI5.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
THIS DAY TN THE WAR

AUGUST %. 1917.
General Letchmitskys Russian army
retires from Raggcdzem and kemmern
AUGUST %, 1916.
British gain ground on Thiepval ridge
Deutschland arrives safely. in home
port.
August %, 1915.
Forty British warships lombard Bel
gian coast.
AUGUST %. 1911.
Japan declares war on Germany.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
ALLIES NOW ENGAGE
HUNS ON 6O=MILE FRONT
Continued from First Page.

prisoners, Pershing said Hostile raids in Lorraine and in AL
epused Northwest of Tou of avators shot
down hostile machine On August FL and 22 aviato
cessfuy bombed the railroad yards AudnLeRoman and Con-
Three onehaf bombs dropped and
direct hits observed All machines returned"
Evening journal., 1918-08-23
WAR GARDEN MAKERS. NOTICE,

Makers OF war gardens. who contem-
plate sending exhibits TO the State Fair
should notify the State Fair officials a.
once.
Evening journal., 1918-08-23

Time is money and the Want Wants
will work for you every minutes.-Adv.