davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
SHARP LOSSES OCCUR
IN THE CORN MARKET
Rule to License Customers,
Who Take Deliveries of Cash.
as Dcsalers Cause Selling
GRAIN BELT WEATHER FORECAST

GRAIN BELT WEATHER FORECAST
=, Chicago, June :0..-Illinois-l'n 'n.ettIed:
thunder showers north and west tonight;
Missouri-Fsir toniEnt and Friday pre-
reded by thunder showers northeast to-
Wisconsin-Uns-ttied. thunder showers
east and south tonight. probably clearing
Friday morning; warmer.
cooler Friday and northwest tonight.
Iown-.Fair. tonight and Friday: preceded
warmer east and cooler extreme southwest
tonight: cooler west Friday;
.os SertI II sn,sca., rss .Sns' and rrd"s
south Dakota; Nebraska and Kansas
Fair ,cnIsht and E,dayj SoolsT ,o,;cb,
and cooler.
Chicago. juno %.
Sharp losses occurred in the corn mar
ket this morning, with general selling
by commission houses Oh ruling by
the United States Food Administration.
which has been sent to all members Of
the Board of Trade, that each customer
who takes delivery OF cash grain on
futures must be properly licensed by
the administration as dealer in grain.
1t is also n violation of the food law
for commission merchants TO take de-
livery and carry cash grain for Gus
toners who are not so licensed. The
ruling is to prevent cash grain from
falling into the hands Of spectators.
Operations in the pit were active and
support was weak. 1t was the consensus
that all longs in July will have to either
lQuidate or apply for grain dealers
license before the first month There
was rain in parts of Illinois. Wisconsin,
and Iowa. The receipts here were lio
cars,
July opened at s1.iJ#s to sltiss,
against s1.457s at the end yesterday.
and declined TO sl.if'.. August started
at sI46a. to S1.i6la, compared with
sI477s at the end yesterday, and re-
ceded to sl.i6i.
Shipments from Argentina for the
week were estimated at 100000 bushels.
oats also weakened on the food ad-
m.nistration's ruling. ON the break,
resting orders were encountered and
there was some scattered buying by
commission houses also, which helped
the tone a little. The receipts here to-
day were 90 cars
July opened at ~ a.C TO - against
735.c at the end yesterday. August
69iac at the close yesterday.
Shipments from Argentina for the
week were estimated at 100000 bushels.
Shipments Of wheat from Argentina
for the week were estimated at i,SlV.000
bushels.
The receipts of wheat at Minneapolis
and Duluth today were 1877 cars, against
"05 cars last year at Winnipeg 80 cars.
against AL cars, and at Chicago one car,
against IS Cars.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20

'Ex diyidend-Jcwel Tea preferred. IL. I:
Homestske Mining, "a American telegraph
and Telephone, .; National surety Company,
2: CIuett Peabody preferred. ~ Booth
Fisheries, "a do hrst preferred Il. Con-
tipeutsl Can, Ia do preferred. Ia : West
ern Union, ~ United Fruit. =; Ontario
silver. "a. 3. H. Krcss preferred, M;
WnIys-oyerland preferred Ia Worthinston
Pump preferred 4, ~; do preferred B, Ia
California Petroleum. Il. Certsinteed Prod
ucts first preferred. ~. do second preferred
ia: Mstherson Alksli Works, a Msnhst-
tan Electric Supply, 1. do first preferred
Is,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
REFINED SUGARS
DAIRY PRODUCTS

Demand was fair and the market ruled
steady on a basis of T.i5c for fine Eranu-
la ted
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
Philadelphia Stocks
PHILADELPHIA INACTIVE STOCKS

Following are quotations for In
active stocks listed in the Philade!phia
Stock Exchange and In which there |
were no transactions today. The price |
given is the last previous close:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
LIVESTOCK QUOTATIONS

ChiraEo. June 20 O,--HOGS---Estimated re.
ccipts TODAY. 100 head: left over. Sssl
head Very little trading; biding mostly 25c
lower than yesterdays average.
CATTLE--Estimated receipts today, To-
u0u head
sHEEF-Estimatcd receipts today, 1900
head.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
INACTIVE NEW YORK STOCKS

Following are quotations for inactive
\ey York stocks and in whic,i there
were no transactions. today. The price
GIVEN is the last previous sale:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
weather Re,.rds Esypt's Cotton Gro,

cotton crop Is late. owing to weather
conditions, and 1t is probable that the
crop will be short this year. Besides
various insect epidemics have impeded
it's growth.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20

Kansas City. June 2o.-CATTLE - Re
CENTS. 5000 head. adv.
HOGS--Reccirts. 1000 head. Lower.
SHEEP-ReCeirts. 1000 hesd Steady,
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20

south Omaha. june 20.--HOGS-EeCeipts
10. 600 head. I5c to 25c lower; range, $500
q16.3O,
cATTIE--EeCeip 5000 head. Stead.
SHEEP--Receipts. 5000 head; cars, Aa5.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
Philadelphia Arriuals
at Ne,U York Hotels

The following residents. Of rhiIadeip nHGs fp
Mrs, r, Allen; Bndicott, ~
j j. Ps''eT: Ps.!si: Ssx Ssw ysisEi.:: yIsisEIs:
2. j. Gordon. Empire.
Mrs. u.E; e; ! GoEdoni; Empire.
9. L.. Hunter. Gerard
y p. Kinssburs. Flanders.
r. r. Liskens. Longacre.
T. i Porter; wslIIck
Mrs; n schwab: Marseilles.
+ Spers' =, yias aberdeen; amnir,
p. Trenen, ,Albemar re,
NJ. NJ e E s s. THTTnfr; Tnrasr ws!!TsisT a.l1ns,op
:; : Weinberg WHnS Si,sn,s GresGrian. x,r
2. Rarats. Broadway Central.
g. W. Crowley. Aberdeen.
y. 81. Getx. Rroztell.
4. J.. Haprord. Albert,
j. Lndeman Aberdeen.
r. Y; Mack, Herald square.
VI. Pels. Breslin.
T. +. Rose. Grand.
Miss F. Shaw. New Strand
l.. W. Squier, Grand.
i. Uric. Grand.
W. r. Bunker, Brcsln.
Il. Y. German, Hermitage.
VI. J. Gerson. Wallick.
W. T. Hoax. Park Avenue.
q. ]. Johns, Grand.
Mrs. G. J. Johns. Grand.
Y. Il. Kingsberry. Flanders.
J. J.. Lipschut2. LonSacrc.
f.. W. McCiee. Navarro.
i. f. Mills. Bresin.
NJ. Miller. Grand.
&. +. Monday. Herald Square.
W. G. Roberts, Marlborough.
Mrs. G. r. Sison. LonEacre,
q. w. Spills. MARLBOROUGH.
L. q. Underwood. Breslin.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20

nc price at which the s44, 500. 600 &
>Qf{cent seyen-year American Telephone
Hh hTelegraph convertible bonds will he
4<91 10 stockholders is "a and interest
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20

New York Subtressury gained 81.
~ from the banks yesterday. maxi
aet cash gain since Friday ~
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20

I4Dd OF. and Transport Corporation
Applied to the New York Stock Ex-
~ TO list Se2,500,000 voting trust
1<ates for common stock.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20
Financial Briefs

:. ~ meeting OF the directors of the
Sor0fnercial Trust Company today J. J.
|kn4kob was elected a director of the
H,u1pRny. Mr.. Raskob is a vice president
q he Il. 4. du Pont de Nemours & Co,
4 Wilmington. Del.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1918-06-20

\ Henry 4. kurtz, Jr.. has been elected
174emberf of the Stock Exchange
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21

state and nation In intelligent citizen
ship.
AS to the ages Of these factory stu
dents, they run from seventeen to
forty and all nationalities are repre-
sented in one class. Only according to
their literncy or illiteracy-their pre-
vious ability or inability to read or
write in their own language they
separated. The city cooperates by sup
plying trained teachers; the employer
contributes the quarters and often as
is the case with the D. E. Sicher Com
pany and many others, permits the
classes TO be conducted in working
hours, thus paying the employe during
his instruction. Where this s not
done the classes are held after work
ing hours. often from 5l5 to 6:l5 four
days week or from Sis to 7:l5 two
days week. Again, some places hold
their classes from to in the morn
ing. AS for the subjects taught. they
vary only slightly in the different fac
tories, since each school endeavors to
equip the alien with fundamental and
essential facts
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21

that cleanliness Is indeed next to god
liness-that there's sound principle
back OF the warning not to throw
banana peelings on the sidewalks,
back of every important ordinance
health and tenement house law, traffic
regulation, fire drill and safety first
principle. And because he knows these
things, he'll not be the guilty party
who scatters papers and egg shells on
your pet picnic ground
Because he finds it necessary to get
about the city, to communicate with
friends. the school teaches him the
use of the telephone book and direc-
tory. initiates him into the mystery Of
alphabetical arrangement that later
makes the dictionary an open sesame
to knowledge. A city map is given
him, from which he traces his way
and learns to recognize important pub
lie buildings. BY means of telephone
in the classroom he is shown that
voice on the other end of wire is
not hoodoo, but pleasurable posi-
bility. telegraph blank becomes as
familiar to him as q trading stamp,
and because Re has voluntarily asked
for such training he applies himself
diligently and learns rapidly. With
an increasing knowledge of the lam
guage, an ability to read the signs
posted about the building for his bene-
fit and to understand orders, his ca
pacity as a worker increases. His
gratitude to his employer, who made
possible this training and education
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21

OF three sizes and two types--the gaso-
lene engine, which coughs over the
tracks in daylight, when coal smoke
would attract attention from the en-
envy, and the heavier steam locomotive
which sleeps until sundown and shunts
its trains around at night. But even
this monster has a weight of only
3,lO0 pounds on its driving wheels,
while some of the big locomotives on
our home tracks weigh ten times as
much.
The "gas" engines are really only big
motors geared to locomotive drive.
The 3O-horsepower size weighs just
four tons, and the 50-horsepower but
$4,000 pounds. They have queer,
squas shed-t together look, rather sug-
gestive of the old Philadelphia "stoops"
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21

from the cotton fields to the machines
munication so puzzlng to the foreigner
the use of the telephone and city d-
rectory. the sending of kilograms and
letters and the finding of ones way
in the city streets.
The course is, above everything else,
practical; the teacher specialist in
her line, selected by the Board of Edu-
cation. No tedious puzzling over the
natural phenomena that make it posi-
bic for A to row upstream against
current and heaven knows what other
handicap, and meet floating leisurely
downstream at the precise time and
place c chooses for q swim, clad as
Nature made him. (Not, py the way,
that his costume had any important
bearing on the result of the problem,
but just introduced into the text as an
irrelevant detail for struggling facul
ties to trip over.) But there's none of
this for our young alien.
Instead. he learns to add. subtract,
multiply and divide from the simple
textbook of greenbacks and silver
coins. Because of economic necessity
and the law of barter and exchange,
our alien masters the intricacies of
weights and measures in the terms of
his adopted land. He learns thrift, and
subsequently, orderliness. Gradually he
feels the thrill of power that comea
through knowledge. He hears the fore
man talking to the boss and under
stands what Ia heinD MANNED for hia
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21

as it were, to make way for the nmbler
and more serviceable light railways.
Now, back of the entire Allied battle
line there is zone from four to five
miles wide within which perfect net
work of light railways running over
two-foot tracks perform almost the
whole function OF transport. Grown
up trains bring their freight-food,
equipment, munitions and even men
to the rail heads" just out Of ordi-
nary cannon range. There the toy
trains pick it up and distribute it prac-
tically into the trenches themselves,
jolting along with charming sangfroid
whether Fritz's shells be breaking in
twos and threes or by the whole skyful.
America is not a pioneer in military
light railroading. Our system is bor-
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21

in efficiency. grows and transfers it.
self into heightened effort
He whose tendency, due in great
part to his inability to speak other
than his native language, has been to
segregate himself wholly with those of
his native land, suddenly discovers a
good friend in some fellow worker He
finds himself drawn into friendly dis
cussions with other employees. English
has become passport to social inter
course, and bit by bit he grows out of
Little ltaly"-or whatever his native
colony happens to be-and into the
great mass Of assimilatei citizenry.
And what does all this mean to his
employer? What does he get out of
it, and what does he put into it?
Taking the Sicher factory school as
representative example, here are few
statistics representing what Mr.. Siche-
put into the school: For one years
instruction, i. e., thirty-five weeks, the
total cost was sl,232. OF this amount
the Board of Education paid out. for
teachers salary. books, pencils. paper.
etc, $500. The D. E. Scher firm car
ried the remainder Of the expense. OF
this 1857 went for wages Of workers
paid while learning, at the rate of II
cents an hour; $l75 was for floor
space, $l05 for rent, light and heat and
S35 for janitor service. The cost per
pupil to the firm averages about $3.50;
to the city, $1480-not much, when it
all comes back to the firm in increased
efficiency and service and to the city,
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21

Scher course the teacher asked the
pupils to write short essays or letters
stating what advantage the course had
been. One letter said:
THE English language teaches me
how to keep in eood health. so that
90 not spend money tor doctor.
40 not lose money by staying home
My emp oyer does not 4ose money.
because come 20 work every day.
ut teaches me to be true 70 nv
emp oyer; not to waste his tine and
goods can obey my employers
rules because | understand them.
i can read the newspaper d know
every days happenings. can read
advertisements, and if | see sale
on something need, buy it.
III teaches me TO talk nice y"
An essay headed Loyalty" read:
at is now five years that | am
living in the United States. Year
after year | am earning to love it
more. Here have an opportunity to
educate myself free of any charge.
Now that I speak the English lam
gu7ge | am happier than | was before.
pee use IT helps me to get q good po-
sltion. II also helps me to be a bet
Iei cltlzeh ana better person. Here
we have liberty and freedom if we
are true to the United States would
do anything in return for all the good
1t has done for me-"
Another pioneer school for Amer
canizing the alien was that started b,
the Pennsylvania Railroad Company ir
1913 under the direction of Mr.. Co
lelli, young Yale graduate and en-
thusiastic worker in this education O,
the foreigner. Instead of the direc
classroom method used by the Siche,
company. the Pennsylvania Roas
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21
craterSs
Quick Transport
A Great Factor

The worth of the toy railroad may
be gauged from the fact that it is far
too valuable for use anywhere except
right at the front. The technique of
operation is highly finished now. 1t
will be subject to no theatrical devel-
opment, though the tactical use Of
these railways will doubtless be modi-
fed and specialized.
But as the war itself develops trans
port looms ever larger as one Of the
great determining factors for victory
We have always thought of our rail-
road men as the equals of any, and
their brains will scarcely atrophy in
the army Nor is the vast Industrial
plant over here being allowed to crum-
Bile into ruin.
1t is comforting to know that Uncle
Sam hasn't put his toy railroad under
his pillow to dream about. Wherever
there is an American front in France
he has it out and spinning every
minute.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21
Ar;L lery carrying truck

ral Stevenson Rocket model. However.
they have more pull than anything else
in the army.
Indeed these engines pull practically
every type of car. except the Pullman
used on the standard gauge-all built,
Of course, on a timer scale. There are
fat cars and gondolas, box cars and
dumps" and "tanks" Still, tank car
with a capacity of $4,000 pounds isn't
such midget at that.
Such tools as these make enthusi-
astic workmen. Perhaps, if you pin
him right down to it, you can't get an
admiring engineer to admit pointblank
that the little engines will jump
through hoops or sit up and beg. But
he's perfectly willing to issue a blanket
Endorsement and affirm fatty that "they
will do anything"
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21
The Broad Gauge
System Retreats

The light railroad, as the Allies op-
crate it in France, falls into the class
Of old ideas which the exigencies of
war have forced to an undreamed- of
intensive development on the battle
field. In 1914, while all military au-
thorities realized that transportation
must be the backbone of any campaign,
it was thought that the standard gauge
roads-the ordinary commercial lines,
supplemented by the usual "strategc"
ailways-would fulfil all requirements,
both in the rear and at the front
1t was soon found this wouldn't
work. The front" was far too imper-
manent, both as to location and sur
face, for the cumbersome and perma-
manent works of peace-time railroad
ing. So the standard, or broad gauge,
systems retreated from the trenches,
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21
Aliens Taught English,
Thrift and Patriotisna
as Part of Days WorIs
in New York Shops
TT TAKES millions of dollars and


about three years of labor to build
q battleship that lasts only d com
paratively short time. 1t takes abou.
$50 and thirty-five weeks of an hour
day to transform an ilterate worker
foreign born, into literate American
who can give enduring loyalty and
service, according to people who ar
how doing the latter. Both are INDUS
trial products and both are essential to
the safety and efficiency of this democ
racy But in our zeal for the one we
are likely to overlook Il e Importance
Of the other.
1t is no secret that among many of
the foreigners in our large cities the
Drafting of their sons into the army
created much i'll feeling This feeling
was natural inheritance to those who
knew soldier only as a sacrifice to
mllltarlsm, 8 victim of autocracy. Has
these foreigners been taught the Eng
llsh language and been trained ia
american ideals of democracy, hac
they been able to read for themselve.
tne reasons why we. as a nation, Ell
tered this war, competent authorities
say we should have had ardent Amer
cans, eager TO offer their sons, instead
't reluctant hyphenated Americans.
The ro5lem of abolishing the hy-
phen is serious one, but the burden
OF the task the privilege of the SER
Vice-iies with industry. 1t has been
SHOWN IN the factories and workshops
that the alien can be most successfully
induced TO give up the old manner Of
lie and adopt instead the language,
methods, customs and standards of
American living.
Language the
First Essential
Reuliztng that a ready understanding
and familiar grasp Of the English Ian.
Susge, the essentials of civics, the OBJ
serVance of law and the fundamentals
VI patriotism are necessary not only to
- 'NiN'l tSditiZtnS OIL the dilSH Sut W
MS greater service and effic;cncr as an
empIoye, several large industries have
already established schools for their
foreign employees One of the best and
most representative of these is main
sained BY the d. f. Sicher Company, of
this city
here for three quarters of an hour
each morning, while the faint whirr of
machinery reminds them that their pay
goes OH during study, all employees who
Wish receive practical instruction in the
speaking and writing of the English
language. the composing of personal
Shd business letters, the fundamentals
Vi arithmetic, history and civic govern
"sht, good citizenship, local ordinances,
hygiene and sanitation, the industrial
''o1ution Of the product they handle
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21
Laying Ten Miles
Of Track a Day

Indeed, you're inclined to agree with
him when you learn that they will pull
a train straight through a trench or
burrow for self-protection fifteen feet
underground in an eight -by-eight tun-
mel. The steel-tied track for them can
be laid fast enough to pursue a retreat
ing army. This has actually been
done, both by the British and the Ger
mans. With sufficient forces and under
highly favorable conditions the utmost
claim for track-laying is ten miles a
day. Then, if conditions are reversed
and the enemy doesn't press too vigor-
ously, they can pick up their own
tracks and carry them away to lay else
where
But these are stunts. Obviously,
track laying under shell fire is tick
lish business. Five hundred feet
across certain exposed and bloody
stretch may be a more rreditabe days
work than five miles in quieter zone
Camp Humphreys, the big new engi-
ncers' camp in Virginia, was built by
light railways in the midst Of las.
winters storm havoc. The young rail-
way regiments down there were con-
side, ed to have done We with half q
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21
Loyalty Increases
AS He Learns

The reaction Of the foreigner to such
a course in the fundamentals of Ameri-
can citizenship is swift and provocative
TO an increased loyalty, not only to the
country of his or her adoption. but to
the employer who has made such an op-
poTtunity possible. At the end of the
New-York tribune., 1918-07-21
Miniature Trains Dis
tribute Munitions
Through Shell Torn
Area Into Front
Trenches

nile of track day Under ordiusry
be called fair average.
Most of the work of the light rail-
ways is more useful than spectacular.
They never get tired, and they are al
ways busy moving up needed supplies,
carting back the debris from fresh
trenches, and in general making the
fighting front fright"
1t must be understood that there are
two main factors of transport ut the
front-light railways and trucks.
When the ground is so torn up by hur-
ricane fire that the railways can no
longer operate, the big motor trucks
come into their own. And nobly have
they held tleir own. plunging down to
Verdun, sometimes six a minute, and
each with its load of she'll, or ssagger-
ing up to the Aisne simply spilling
Foch's victory bringing reserves.
But truck transport at the firing line
is emergency transport. In wet weather
trucks slip and slide, they clutter up
the line of march, and they tear their
own roadbed to pieces in almost no
time. The light railway does none Of
these things. 1t stays where it is put,
it makes and conserves its own road
bed, and even its gas engines, running
over smooth, twenty five pound rails,
develop greater power than the best
truck in the world trying to climb