Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1918-11-20
Chain Of Events Which Upset World


1 Meanwhile Italy had declared war on
Austria op May 2s, and had Invaded
Austrian territory. isolatlng the Tren-
,ino and advancing to the river lsonso.
Tho Russians, advancing thru the
Caucasus, wore defeating the Turks IN
| Armenia. Hgs Ng
I Tho sinking Of the Lusitania on May
| : and the atrocities of the Germans III
! Belgium. the Austrans and Bulsars.in
ScrbiaS the Turks in Armenia, and the
| criminal propaganda In the United
States to prevent supplies from going
| to the allies all tend to lower Ger
|. manyts moral stendard In the war. BY
1.-The naval battle of the Falkland Is
lands on Dec. 5, 1914 Germany's only
| feet on the high seas had been put out
| of existence: q similar fate soon fol-
lowed her commerce destroyers. Japan
! had taken the German leased territory
1 Of Kiao. Chau in China, and out OF
Gerrnany's overseas possessions OF L.
J 027,s20 square miles area only Ger
/ nan East Africa. with an area OF asa
/! ls1 square miles, remained and mas
been fighting down to the end OF the
! war.
tf 1915. 1915.
l
! The second year Of tho war, E9la-
/ 1918 saw the Germans completing their
Occupation Of the Balkans down to the
| Saloniki line held by the allies; there
! wn,f British defeat on the Tlgris'
/ with the surrender OF Kut-el-Amara'
ION April 2s. There were also the battle
! of vcrdun. which began on Feb. Il ana
/ cost the Germans half a million casual
,.cs: the sea fight Oft Jutland on May
! II. which left the British navy In con-
! troll o. the sea: the battle OF the
! Somme ir. France, July 1-Nov. Is,
/ which regained 10 square miles OF
/ territory and secured several strategic
! positions which five months later
| forced the great German retreat; Cen
eral Brus.loff's campaign on the east
! crn front. which regained 1900 square
| miles of territory and captured 35s oeo
prisoners from June till December,
1916. 49,. -. =.
1916. 1917.
| on Aug. q, 1917. ,Roumania entered
| the war on the side OF Germany's
| enemies and by the dawn Of 1917 had
| been crushed. In March and Aprh'
i 1917. took place the German retreat 10
the Hindenburg line. which SURRENDERED
| to France nearly $500 square niles oi
| territory. There, were British victories
at the ridges Of vin1y and Messines,
respectively April 10 and June ano
the great attack Of the French troiI,
| scissors to Rheims. which secured
| 100 coo prisoners. In Mesopotamia Inc
British recovered Kutrel-Amara ana
on March II occupied Bagdad; the
! Arab kingdom of Hedjaz joined .the
| allies.
Rut the most importan: events OF the
third wear Of the war were poiitlcai'
however-the Russian revolution on
March Is. AMI the entrance OF the
| United states into the war, April ..
The former was brought about without
any reconciliation by the Cossacks re-
/ fusins to fre-on the Fetrograd moo
and the Duma taking advantage OF tne
! situation and establishing milo FRO
yisional government, which opened the
| country to destructive German propa-
eanda and the rise of the anarcny
| known as Bolshevism. The moral ana
| material grievances Of the yUnlteo
States against Germany eliminated
in series Of revelations showing the
/ latter S CIlINtIdlits. va o~As
rroclaimed her intensified U-boat cam
paign, regulating the promise OF May
l., 1916. and on February ~ came tne
revelation OF the Zimmerman note 70
| Mexico and Jaran. Up r. the time the
United States declared war ttis, coun-
1 try had lost by the illegal operation Oh
U-boats twenty two ships amounting
! to more than 10000 tons. together Win
hundreds Of lives. most o. which, now
ever, had met their death on neutral
ships or on the passenger SHIPS OF
Germany's enemies.
1s17.191S.
Early in the fourth year OF the war
Nov. Z, 1917. saw the collapse OF the
Russian Provisional Government ana
the domination Of the BolshevikL They
j! hnally drove Russia from the war by
the betrayal at Brest -Litovsky, which
eliminated in the treaty of peace o.
4 March. 3, 1915 Roumania was forced
to make peace on May s, at Bucharest.
! Other events which occupied the
closing months Of 1917 were equally
discouraging for the allies. whose NOR
Gle. however, was kept firm through
the rapidly augmenting evidences OF
| American aid, which would be deci-
! siye. Even here there was fear that
this aid could not be brought overseas
! due, to the intensified action OF the u
boats. whose toll Of merchant shfppins
for 1917 had been In the hrst quarter
f619.3I9 tons; In the second, 2S6,ss4;
| In the third, 1,494.437; and in the
fourth, l,272,s4s. And as yet there
were no sure grounds to believe in the
great victories which came to the al
lies year hence.
on the western front the battle OF
| Flanders, which had been begun by the
British on July 81, ended with the cap
/ ture Of Passa.chendaelle Ridge on the
9Th OF the following November. There
was the abortive battle Of Cambria.
Nov. 2O-Dec. s.. In. October Petain Sc
/ cured the Chemin des Danes on the
! Aisne, front. italy advanced over the
Bainsizza to within s. miles Of L'ai-
4 bach, between Aug. 20 and Oct. I, only
| to be defeated at caporctto and driven
! back to the Piave losing q large part
OF the region OF Yeneto
The allied front In Macedonia con.
tinued to remain, inactive save for the
excursions Of Greek troops. whose new
government had entered the war on
the side 81 the allies July 2. The wal
against the Turk, however, showed en-
4 couraging signs; in Palestine General
4 Allenby, captured Jerusalem on Dec
e: IN .Mesopotamia General Marshall
who had sue 'eeded " the command on
! the death OF Maude on Nov. Is, ex-
1 tended his advance to the Euphrates,
4 and was still ascending the Tigfis to.
! ward Mosul. S$ ~ III;