davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

'catcrpllars as they were then called
equipped with machine guns, to cross
trenches and break up the deadlock which
already in 1911 threatened us with long
war. His scheme was based on practical
experience with Holt caterpillars in Amer
lea; our gallant allies from across the
Atlantic may justifiaby take unto them
selves some of the credit for the success
OF the latest form Of warfare. Thereafter
committee, which was known officially as
the Landships Committee, was formed to
study the design and production of what
The Times correspondent calls land iron
clads,' and after much experimentation the
conquerors of Flers were produced From
them to the modern tank there have been
several steps forward, and there are, as in
all new things, many more steps to come
before the land going battleship arrives.
Nevertheless, the land battleship is y
certainty of the futureas certain as was
the aeroplane of day when the Wright
brothers first flew, in 1906 And when the
land battleship arrives it is quite obvious
that it win be as dependent on close CO.
operation with aircraft as arc seagoing
battleshps. Not only will its attendant air
craft blind the enemy's artillery. as indi-
Gated by the French tank officer already
quoted, but matter OF fact such small
things as field guns will not trouble
1t, for it will carry very much heavier
armament itself; probably part of the work
of its aircraft will be to direct its heavy
guns onto the enemy's field guns: the real
task of the aircraft will be to direct the
pattleshlp squadrons as to where they may
md the enemys land-going hatteships
hrst and to warn the 'squadrons in case a
more powerful feet is approaching
already we have big slow tanks and lit
Tie fast tanks-a analogous, let us say, to the
sloops -of-war and the smaller faster naval
warcraft of the very early days of steam,
These in due time grew to be the battle
ships, cruisers and destroyers of TODAY
History IS the greatest pagiarst in all
literature, and we shall in due course see
the history of the steam driven warship
repeated in the land warship -7nut0tis
Mutdndls. 1t is merely matter of energy
and intellect how long it takes for this par
tcular corner of history to develop
when 1t does so there will be an end OF
all trench warfare, and we shall come back
to wars Of manGuvre in which the strategy
of Napoleon and Wellington will have to
be combined with the tactics of Nelson and
an lromp, plus the aerial science OF
lrcnchard and Salmond and Won Hoppner.
The prospect, if not pleasing to the civilian,
j. at least interesting to the military stu
dent. But perhaps before We arrive at that
stage we shall have universal peace, and
then the cooperation of land battleships
with the aircraft of their day will be
matter for the international Police
Force, or the Aerial Board of Control of
which Nh Kiplins has written so amazing
iy and so convincingy. Meantime, the
Allied tanks and the Allied aircraft are no
ticeably superior to the German vehicles
either separately or in combinations
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

developing the negative, to find a blade
lens.
IL rs distinct feather in the cinema
toHraphers cap to capture the kingfshcr.
that shy, handsome bird | happen. how
ever, TO Know Of one camera man who az
tempted the difficult stunt He went about
1t by studying for himself the haunts of
the kinghsher. This completed, he took
up quarters in stream at "A place whore
the water was four feet deep. Over his
head and shoulders he placed large mask
formed OF tree branches When 81 king
hsher ventured within view he moved eau
t'o"siy so as to deceive the bird into think
ing that the boughs were pcinc floatcd
along by the current.
And where was his camera? That. lot
me tell you, was under his shelteriny con-
triyance, fixed to an anchored foatiup
base. His first filming effort was failure
TOT the cameras clicking noise frightened
inc bird away. But one futile attempt did
not daunt this enterpris;ng young man, for
ne next procured another camera and at
tached it to the same floating base. Day
by day he waited for the regular appear
ance OF his victim, when ne turned the
handle of the second camera, which was
minus any film. This went on for seven
weeks, at the end Of which the kingfsher
paid no attention to the working Of the
motion picture machine.
All the operator had to show for his
untiring efforts was strip Of film two
hundred feet in length Snappy, it is true.
but it was run Off the screen in two min
ates,
Some British binds are clitf dwellers.
and this adds an element of danger to the
work Of the motion picture photographers
He usually works with tripodlcss camera
and has himself lowered down a tall Cliff
on rope. The extra powerful lenses
come in handy to approach the birds at
distance unawares.
Equally tedious to film are those birds
that favor the ground for bnildir. their
nests, for. apart from requiring consdera-
bic skill to focus the apparatus in the
right angle, it is hard to Snap the festh-
cred creatures off their guard"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

writing in "rhe Morning Post on July T..
said 'Onc Of the soldiers in tank section
drew my attention to the coscness of CO.
operation that is necessary between the air
service and the tanks at is common
knowledge" he said chat tanks though,
roughly speaking, immune from machine
gun fre-,are vulnerable to artillery 1t
is. therefore, of supreme Importance to the
enemy to be able to maintain his sausage
balloons in the air to control his artillery
fire, and it is of equal Importance to us
that our aviation should bring the sausages
down in flames or force them to keep the
ground.
"Aviators are, in fact, our natural
friends, for, just are able to silence
the machine guns, that are the deadlicst
enemies Of the infantry, SO they can blind
the enemy guns that the only weapons
we have seriously to tear"'
lhcre one has a very clear exposition
OF the alliance between aeroplanes and
tanks and of its convcrse--the value of
aircraft against tanks; for, if the familiar
sausage balloon can be used as sn anti
tank observation post, it is obvious that
artillery observation aeroplane fitted
with wireless is an equally good method
of directing artillery against tanks. More
over, besides being less vulnerable than a
balloon, the aeroplanc can follow the move
ments of tanks more closely, owing TO its
own mobility. Tanks may hide themselves
from balloon observation by moving behind
woods and rows of trees, but they cannot
thus hide themselves from the ubiquitous
aeroplane.
"This reference to the FIRST engagement
between land ironclads is peculiarly in
teresting because it is the first concrete
example OF a species of warfare which was
much discussed in aeronautical circles so
far back the winter of 1914 and the
spring of 1915. r. f. Macfe an American
citizen, though one of the pioneers of
British aviation, who came back from the
United States the outbreak of war
strongly advocated the use of armored
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

20 force anything solid. like mouse or
mall bird, down their thronts
Usually snakes should feed every other
week. But at certain times of the year
hey go into retirement. and during that
period Of rest they do not require food.
IN the north snakes hibernate. or dig in.
Tor the winter. In the tropics they hiber.
nate during the dry season. They do this
because in the dry season the frogs on
Thich the snakes feed disappear so the
makes have to wait for food ii snake
: in good condition, with supply OF re-
fat, it can fast quite long time.
During the period of fasting the snake
eents 1t from burning up its energy.
THE longest snake fast that has come
-adcr our observation at the Geological,
Park lasted twenty-five months. The
make that made this record had been
eating thirty or thirty-five pound pig
regularly every other week It was ia.
'"o
mine the length of time snake would 90
Without food, we decided to permit it tc
exercise its own will in the matter even if
e starved itself to death. Every two
weeks food WAS offered it and refused AZ
ne end of the twenty-second month the
snake resumed its regular teals as II
nothing had happened 1t had lost sur
orisingly little weight during its fast.
"Mr. De Vry, of the Lincoln Park Zoo
aas devised machine for, feeding unwill-
ing snakes. 1t is a sort of sausage suffer
IN which ground meat is placed. A five
foot length of one-and- h alf- inch hose is
attached to the suffer, and this is placed
down the python's throat to its stomach.
The chopped meat is then forced through
he hose.
in the New York Geological Park we
adopt different method. The snake is
AIKEN out of its cage, stretched out full
cngth, and number of men hold it SO it
cannot coil or curve itself. Then we take
ihree rabbits that have been killed and
skinned, and tie them together with string.
long stick is attached to the skull of the
irst rabbit, and the meal is forced down
he snakes throat.
Snakes in captivity are usually fed
silled food because giving them living
dinners sometimes causes endless trouble.
VI recall an instance where live
chicken was placed in snakes cage. The
make approached the bird and darted out
II torked tongue. Instead Of covering
nscrably and permitting the snake to kill
IT, the chicken jumped for the snake,
se'zed It's tongue and pulled it out. The
wound caused the snakes death. AS
snakes are valuable the practice was dis
continued,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Filming Wild Birds

ME closeup studies of birds that
frequently appear on the motion
picture screen are obtained at the cx-
pense OF infinite patience and resource-
'oiness on the part of the cinematog~
rapher' says Ernest A. bunch, in "Our
Dufno Animals and he cites the fol-
lowing in illustrations:
Edward A. Salisbury, who has mt
America on the natural history film man
recently wanted TO secure some srarn,,
'e"s OF the eagle, so he climbed up an
exceedingly tall pine tree, struecIino
gamely with his camera, which turned the
Scaie at eighty pounds. 1t proved how,
sVei' no easy task to fix the camera in III,
'op ocughs of this majestic forest sneci
'"sn, so ne tried one way after anothe,
an''' the machine would keep in position
"nen he succeeded in doing this he h.f
'e utmost difficulty in coaxing the vonnt
@'s.eS TO remain in their nests.
OBTAIN film study of herons h.
".e screens out of vegetation growth.
-, S"so from tract haunted by the birds
- 'efeehs were so cleverly arranged
- match the underground that even NJ
'''ufy, on returning the next morning
Tor over an hour before hs
-'s'o 'ocate his hiding place. He was
'00n rewarded. however. bv two male birds
a',"s and while they INDUCED in a
ep nc turned the crank of the camera.
men, ms disappointment. when
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Soap From the Garbage Can

NNE Of the first things that Mars
~ did when he settled :. on this
planet for an indefinite stay
was to claim all the fats he
could lay hands upon. The resulting
shortage. which has never since been re-
lieved, has been felt keenly by the soap
manufacturers, among others, and there
has been much experimentation with fat
substitutes. In 1.-THE Forecast" is an
article on this subject by Elsie McCor-
mick, in which is emphasized the necessi-
ty for close watch on the garbage can
as fruitful source of soap supply.
Here are some Of the results of the in
vestigations that science has been con-
Quoting in this emergency, as set forth
by the writer:
"In the good old days before 1914, when
white bread and Hague peace conferences
were still in vogue, soap was made, as q
rule, from beef or mutton tallow mixed
with cocoanut or castor OIL If a hard
soap was desired these constituents were
boiled with sodium carbonate; if soft
soap they we're combined with potash. Lard,
which adds softness and fiufiness to the
product, was generally used for the making
Of shaving soap.
To-day, with most Of the world starving
for fats and their price something like
three times what it was in 1914, soaps
made Of lard and tallow deserve to be in
termed as alien enemies for the period Of
the war. In Germany, where the shortage is
most acute, tuberculosis, stomach disorders
and general debility have swept over the
civilian population.
Zone Of the frst steps our own govern
ment took toward reforming the national
soap habits was to Danish glycerine soaps
from the army camps. The sugar and
glycerine which these soaps contain mere
ly improve the appearance; they do little
or nothing toward making dirt vanish
Besides containing $4,000 pounds Of sugar,
100000 pounds Of this soap would contain
sufficient glycsrinc to send many shell
whizzing against Fritz. Glycerine is one
OF the chief ingredients of the more power
ful explosives
Another and far more important step
has been the campaign for the utilization
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
Three Ind pendent
Branches

THE significance of the aeroplane
in modern warfare is emphasized
by ADMINISTRATION" Of Paris, which at
the same time points out and illustrates
in the accompanying diagram the pres
ent superiority of the Allies over the
Germans in aviation. 1t says
"When studying the tactical employment
of aviation in it's three great roles-obssr-
walton. bonlbardment and combats--one
finds that these three forms Of military ac
tiyity complete each other, that they are
like the three legs of tripod, and that no
other arm maintains such close and cease
less connection with the other arms. It in
forms and protects the infantry, it directs
and L. CITIZENS the reach of the artillery, ii
keeps the military stats informed and takes
very important part in all battles. But the
more effective its means may be and the
more extensive and varied it's mission, the
more is it's activity subjected to the control
of the commanders
During the period Immediately preceding
an attack the information service is taxed
to the utmost. The commanders assemble,
arrange and classify photographs and docu-
ments of all sorts and then distribute them
whore they belong. If necessary doubtful
points are explained BY new missions sent
out to investigate.
Later, if the situation is favorable, artii-
lery preparation begins. The aviators regu-
late the range, investigate the effect of the
firing and prevent the enemy from taking
counter measures. The destruction is pro-
crossing, dugouts are destroyed wires are
cut, trenches are torn, guns silenced. The
aviator who directs the firing reports the
results. The commander maintains or
changes the efforts made or concentrates
them wherever resistance is offered. Finally.
when the situation seems to him sufficiently
favorable, he orders the advance.
From the moment when the order for the
attack is given every aviator has his task
before him. The aviators sight and observe
without interruption all the stages of the
battle. The aviation sees every moment
what is taking place, informs quickly and
helps to call reserves where they are neces-
sary; in word, it conducts the fighting
Amid the tumult of the battle, amid the roar
of guns, it maintains clearness of vision.
free understanding and the decisive suthori-
ty of the commander"
Hin ar ~ fiODr orcor,p,o;,- -.
Gle with diagram showing how the eff
cheney of Allied aviation has been stead
lily increasing.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

ing supplied to the government by one
m'ii at the rate of several tons a dav.
inns absorbent wood is Of great value
IN covering and stanching open
wounds. The wood is ground up and
then spun or rolled out into pure
white sheets resembling cotton batting
and is so light and bulky that only
ABOUT 1000 pounds of it can be packed in
an ordinary boxcar. This suhstarc.
costs % cents pound, as against an.
proxlmately 80 cents pound for cotto-
lirt.-~Pops4Icr Mechuries.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20

AA vi hhV~No' A>dSAu IL. D1C-
4 mars, who, as curator in the
New York Geological Park.
mas come into contact with reptiles of
every temperament writes in Popular
Science Monthly" of the methods Inv
which a worried or unhappy snake. on
hunger strike is induced to break his
fast:
Now, while snakes can fast more sue
cessfully than can warm blooded animals
hey are unable TO go without food for any
protracted time without growing thin.
When a snake refuses food so long that II
begins to show signs of emaciation. it is
orcibly fed In the case Of small snakes
this must be done very carefully. In the
New York Geological Park we take five
snake out OF it's cage, hold it by its bend
insert funnel in its mouth. and pour
down a we'll beaten egg. The small
makes. as rule. are so delicate in their
structure that it is inadvisable to attemps
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
1ka1z7& The Great Workshop Of Science EqzR8la77HH
Snakes ON Hunger Strike

A SNAKE, it seems, is creature
~ of moods. Raymond l.. Dit
4 ~ mars, who. as curator in the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
The

w THAT tanks are to the infantry
M men airplanes are to the
w tanks. Aircraft cooperate
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
." Festal" Cutlery

Canadian chemists have succeeded in
combining iron, chromium and cobalt
into new metal said to be very easy
to work and suitable for making the
finest form of cutlery The new metal
is called "festal.' Gas Logic.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-20
A Cotton Substitute

Wood is now being converted by 4
new process into substitute for alb
sorbent cotton-a product which is be-
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1918-09-18

give a good yield and a high ger
mination test next year. The old
saying of prepare for war in time of
peace" never was so important as
it is right now; for while we have
an excellent crop this season, the re-
verse might be true next year. So
make your seed corn preparation for
next year NOW.
When selecting seed corn, we have
two principal objects in view. In
the first place we want to increase
the yield because every farmer should
get the highest production for the
least expense, and in the second place
we want to improve the variety.
"The place and time to select our
seed is in the field in the early fall
before regular husking. Go into the
field, select good stalks with good
ears medium height from the ground
with medium size boot just long
enough to give the ear nice droop.
Husk and hang up in the shed where
the air will dry out thoroughly then
transfer to the attic or dry cellar
before Pressing begins"
Before planting your corn, send
sample to the High School to be test
ed.-Max R. H. Treu, agricultural in
structor, Redwood Falls High School
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1918-09-18
They Have Done Well

Perhaps no other family in Morgan
is endeavoring in every way posi-
BILE to help win the war, as in the
family of E. H. Albrecht. Their SER
vice flag displays three stars, one red
star for their daughter Lily who set
sail for France as Red Cross nurse
sometime ago, and has not yet been
heard from. The two blue stars are
for their son Elmer, an ambulance
driver in New Jersey, and their nine
teen year old son Roy, the last to
enlist who is acting as chauffeur for
the Major All three of the family
volunteered their services of their
own accord. Mr.. Albrecht has CIV
en- literally of his means to all the
war relief funds and in addition to
all these sacrifices, he and his wife
have raised two war gardens which
not only have abundantly supplied
the family table with fresh vegeta-
bles during the summer but also en-
abled Mrs. Albrecht to can for their
winter use over two hundred quarts
of garden sass. In addition to this
she sold eight dollars worth of gar
den truck, this sum she has contri-
buted toward the Y. M. c. A. work
In her spare moments she has knit
two sweaters, and hired eight pair
of socks knit for the soldiers. Ought
not their sacrifice and endeavor be
an inspiration to others Morgan
Correspondent.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1918-09-18
Save Your Corn

It year a farmer in northern
~ owing 1900 acres was urged
elect seed corn from the field n
4d of going to the crib at planting
2. One excuse otter another was
cred He was too busy. He be
Ieved his time was more valuable
mending fence posts, transacting bu-
siness in the city, or fixing machin-
cry than going into the field for the
purpose of collecting an ear of corn
here and there. His argument was
concluded by saying that he could
buy seed cheap enough in the spring.
Some months later the scarcity
of seed become known and this same
wise man bought 80 bushels of ap-
parently good seed corn at SIG bush
ell, giving a check for sum of S512.
fter the plants failed to appear in
re field in the spring, samples of
ne seed were submitted to the writ
r for testing the vitality. Only 9
oer cent terminated. Too truly does
he poet say experience makes fools
wise"
Practically all corn of Redwood
county is past the stage of being
injured by cold weather. This con-
dition consequently gives every far
mer an unusual opportunity to get in
to the field and select corn that vii
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1918-09-18

Mr.. Bernard M. Baruch, Chairman
of the War Industries Board, to Mr..
Henry P. Dawson, Chairman Of the
Red Cross War Council, which is as
follows.
"Dear Mr. DAWSON:
Understanding that some of
your loyal Red Cross workers in var
ious parts of the country have at
times found themselves embarrassed
in not being privileged to buy the open
market materials to be made up for
the use of the boys in the service,
I am prompted to express to you my
appreciation of your understanding
and cordial cooperation with the
War Industries Board.
GAS we made clear at the time the
necessary to control the various pro-
ducts and materials essential to the
military program from a national
point of view, and it would therefore
be detrimental to the common cause
if your Organization through your
chapters were to purchase goods To-
cally without regard to national re-
auirements. You of course under
stand it is not our purpose to restrict
the use of goods when not necessary
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1918-09-18
Red Cross and
Board Cooperate
REDWOOD COUNTY CHAPTER A
PART OF BIG ORGANIZATION
THANKED BY INDUSTRIES
BOARD.

Red Cross National Headquarters
has worked in the closest cooperation
with the War Industries Board. At
their request we have urged our chap
tiers and individual workers not to buy
wool or any other raw materials US
ed in making Red Cross supplies in
the open market, but to secure all
their materials through our Depart
ment of Purchase and Supplies. The
response to this request has been
most gratifying and we appreciate
greatly this hearty support by our
vast organization. The value of this
careful observation of national needs
by all Red Cross workers is further
shown in letter Of August Z from
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1918-09-18

to do so, but rather so to cooperate
the purchases and the purposes for
which they are to be used that the
best results may be obtained.
81 have been informed of the ex-
cellent spirit of cooperation on the
part Of your chapters throughout the
country, and therefore wish to ex-
press my appreciation Of this, evil
cling as it does in many instances
self denial and in all instances spi-
rit Of patriotism. / am confident
that all the women Of the country
would cooperate in like spirit if they
appreciated the situation and the i'm
portance of so doing. If you desire
I shall be glad to have you express
to them my appreciation of their CO.
operation with the War Industries
Board.
Very truly yours,
Signed B. M. BARUCH,
Chairman War Industries Board.