davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

sons and yet retain her military su
periority over continent from which
Russian man power, except as used
in her favor, would have been elimi-
mated. This would mean that Ger
many's energies would be concen-
trated more and more directly on
the ocean. Her navy, manned and
financed by 2oo,ooo,oO0 people, could
be increased far beyond the limits
of a navy like the British, which is
manned and financed by 45,O0O,O0O
people. In the Adriatic and the
Egean, in the Persian Gulf and the
North Sea, German sea power would
be comparable with and even su-
perior to British sea power.
A postponed struggle would have
to be endured without the help of
European allies. These have from
tiers adjoining Germany. And if,
therefore, Germany to-day emerges
victorious, such countries in the fut-
ure would be terrorized into stand
ing aloof. The one hope then for
the world would be comradeship
between Britain and the new coun-
tries beyond the sea, which Germany
can only reach after a naval victory.
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

ing military tasks that until thev came
had always been done by men, began to
get much too warn. to suit the military
chiefs who are responsible for the
safety of this feminine wing Of the
British army. A fee. of motor lorries
was promptly dispatched to bring the
"Waacs" away. But when these We
hicles arrived the plucky and devoted
"Waacs" declined to avail themselves
of the proffered Gift"
"Those lorries may be wanted for the
wounded" they said We'll march
back to the base" And march they did
fifteen miles or more, along roads
that were under she'ifire all the time,
arriving dog-tired ani foot weary, but
one and all avowing themselves "in the
pink" as the army phrase goes. The
"pink," Of course, is the pink Of condi-
ton.
1t is not permitted 10 give exact fig
ures regarding the present member
ship of the Women's Army Auxiliary
Corps, but the Strength" of the corps
represents many thousands. The
"Waacs" wear khaki. and their officers,
including many notable women, are all
of their own sex. The corps was
formed to release men from the lighter
forms of army work 10th at the front
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
Brain Capacity

u. Alas mans brain capacity in
creased and improved, let US say, with
IN the last two thousand years =? And if
not what. is the probable explanation
OF this phenomenon
While the quantity and variety of
human knowledge has increased i'm
mensely during this period, and every
speciality in science, art, literature and
technics makes to-day a showing of
; more encyclopaedia works than re-
quired all the knowledge possessed by
the ancients. we are to-day with re-
gard to quality-at least, in the domain
OF art, literature and philosophy-hard-
ly superior to them, and in some re-
spects even their interiors. This proves
that, despite our accumulated knowl-
edge, our brain faculties have neither
increased nor improved. Our progress
merely consists in the great accumula-
tive possibilities of encyclopaedia
works, which are due to the art of
printing and the developments of tech
MICS. But the parrot-like acquisition
and memorization Of the crystallized
knowledge laid down in those works,
far from Improving our mental quail
ties, only serve to render them sterile,
j. e., incapable of original thought. We
forget that the child's brain Of to-day
is the same as it was two thousand
years ago, and labor under the super
stition that stuffing it with mass
Of dates and names learned "by
heart" did improve it. Instead. we
should endeavor to disincumber the
brain as much as possible, and reduce
the study "by heart" to the most ele-
mentary subjects (letters. multiplied
ton tables, etc.,, Incorporating the
subjects of simple knowledge in we'll
indexed encyclopedias easy of consul
tation. But these encyclopedias should
be as little studied by heart as are
our railroad guides. The brain should
be saved for better work. 1t should
be used as an instrument Of thinking,
understanding, reasoning, willing, judg-
ing, combining, investigating, etc. and
not as a mere phonograph rendering
mechanically only that which has been
engraved upon it.
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
Optical Illusion

B. R.-It is a matter of common oh
servation that after fixing for q long
time our eyes upon a red object il WI;
appear to look green. What causes th;s
illusion! 'nis
1t is we'll known that when a raw of
white light is analyzed, as by prism.
It IS found to be composed of seven
coiors' the so-calied colors of the
spectrum-red, orange, yellow. green.
blue, indigo and violet--and that when
tne colors of the spectrum are RECON-
olned white light reappears. If. how
ever. we eliminate the red rays and
tnen recombine the remaining six col
ors we obtain the so-called compie-
mentary- color of the red, namely.
green. IT we eliminate the green rays
the remaining rays will give red light.
and so on with the other complement
sary colors, orange and blue, yellow
and violet. Now. II the retina has been
iiatigued through being exposed too
long to the action of red rays it will
be susceptible only to the remaining
SIX colors, and the eye, when imme
diatcly struck by the white light. will
receive the impression of the connie
mentary green color. Many other i(lu-
sions are based upon the same prin-
ccipie. Thus. when looking for q long
time through blue soectacles, imme-
diateiy after their removal all objects
will appear yellow. When the retina
has been irritated from ~azng at red
fireworks the gay flames will look
greenish after their extinction.
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

"Oh, have almost nothing to do"
That was true. In the film, one of
the episodes of which they were going
to run off that morning, Marie Liaison
appeared only in the hospital ward.
She came and went graciously, between
the row of cots. Arriving at Doguin's g
cot, she was to lift him up, smooth his
pillow and give him something tc drink
During the scene with the two women
Marie Liaison remained motionless
She began to act again, only TO quiet
the emotion Of the sick man, applying
her hand softly to Doguin's brow.
1t was little enough.
But small as the part was Marie
Liaison had gladly accepted it, Since
the war she had not appeared in pub
lie. Her theatre remained closed and
she had found no engagements else
where. AS we'll go into the rovies as
do nothing. 1t was means of not let
ting herself be entirely forgotten. And
many illustrious associates had set the
example.
The modesty of the role didn't worry
Marie Liaison, since it certainly as
sured her an opportunity to emphasize
her personal charms.
It is half past ten. The reels have
been run off. The stage manager wipes
his brow and leads the troupe away to
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

chronic, seething popular discomfort.
The hangman, the firing squad, the
prison, with all the hideous night
mare of a gagged press, agents
provocateurs and police surveillance,
would batten the people of Poland
and occupied Russia into sullen SUBJ
mission. This would go on for a
few years, but in the end the chaos
would spread until it forced the
Hohenzollerns into their favorite
diversion of war, as the easiest al
tentative to revolution.
Of security for commerce, credit
and property there would be no YES
tige. Suspicion, rumor, hatred, fear
would work among the nations like
poisonous leaven. The situation
would be all the more dangerous
because outside the German sphere
of influence there would be a heri-
tage of mistrust and anger, ever
working unsatisfed against the de-
stroyer of European liberty.
In the years before 1914 Amer,
leans paid little attention to the for
eign politics of Europe. The Re-
public of the West was "city of
refuge" from those politics. But can
assure all who need the assurance
that for a century the breakup of
Turkey kept Europe in constant
dread of war. Germany is seeking
to reopen all those problems and to
add to them Russian problem, still
vaster in extent and more complex
1t is mad and it is criminal, and the
President is abundantly justified in
holding that no league of nations
and no peace among nations is con-
| ceivable which leaves vast and high
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
Queries and Answers

they come under the following cate
gories:
Persons able to read and write: all
literate industrial workmen who have
been actively engaged in farming for
at least three of the last five years and
at least twenty-four years old; soldiers
who have served at the front for three
months, if eighteen years of age and
upward; women who have studied for
at least four years at an Intermediates
school, and soldiers widows. if thew
have children.
The bill provides that voting ia to b.
secret in the districts where at leaat %
per cent of the whole populatiom ;s
able to read and write. The number of
such districts is expected to amount to
oone-third Of all. In the others the vot.
ing. IS to be open. The bill provides for
voting equality for all nationalities in
Hungary. Serbo- Croats, for instancs
who can read and write their tonrne
only, have the same rights as the Mse-
yar-speaking population. The iahor
movement, which has no representative
IN the House, would, on account Of ;ts
services during the war, get II per
cent of the seats. S0
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

spirited populations in unstable and
restless bondage. Some spark would
inevitably kindle further confagra-
ton. And Germany's naval forces,
accumulated for the occasion, would
make desperate attempts on Amer
ican waters.
A study Of Russian history shows
to what large extent Germany has
influenced that country's destinies.
Families of German extraction oc-
cupied the throne and most public
offices. Commerce and education
were in German hands and it was
part of Germany's policy to keep the
Slavs in helpless ignorance. The
Slavonic revival of the past twenty
five years, marked as it has been by
a golden age of music, art and liter
ature, did not extend, as we should
have wished, to the humdrum task
of administration. Fairly honest in
his own country, the quasi-German
official of Russia lived by peculation
and fraud, the results of which were
only too manifest when the system
was tested by war.
When the Germans were more or
less ousted the whole fabric of the
state collapsed and, in some quar-
tiers, for instance, Petrograd, the
Germans are actually recalled as the
only alternative to anarchy. What
Russia needs is a friendly infusion
of disinterested friends, from the
United States especially, who will
help her to organize her national
life, province by province, until ed
ucation has produced a solid, self
reliant citizenship. Beneath the
forms Of democracy there would
thus arise a peaceful conflict be-
tween the backward forces of the
Teuton and the forward sympathies
of the American people. Russia
would much prefer American to
German assistance, whether in
finance, railroad management or ad-
ministration of justice. And here
opens up for American idealism a
wonderful sphere Of opportunity.
America is particularly qualified
for such service because, by her con.
stitution, she accepts the fundamen.
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
Chance to Exploit Eastern Conquests to Pre-
pare for Future World Dominion Her Great
est Wish To-day -Bafour Statement Aimed to
Force Kaiser Into the Open

represent the loss as merely for the
hme being and in the interval for re-
covery she would fasten her grip
on Finland, Lithuania, Esthonia,
Poland, Austria-H Hungary and mos,
of Turkey. The Bagdad Railway
was at best an exposed and attcnu-
ated route to the Indian Ocean. BY
the proposed peace Germany would
march in broad columns through
Persia to the Gulf. Her theory that
Might is Right would have been tri-
umphantly vindicated.
See what she would mean in West
ern Europe. For the moment Eng
land, France and Italy might be con-
soled by flattering gifts of valuable
provinces. But the autocracy which
granted the boon could at any time
revoke it. Our right to exist would
still be enjoyed only at the point of
the bayonet. Not only England,
France and Italy, but all the smaller
countries, in Scandinavia, the Bal
kans and the Spanish Peninsula,
would say to themselves that never
again can the German armies be
safely resisted. Germans themselves,
by exercising this terror, would in
evitably formulate further dreams
of aggression. They would first de-
velop their latest Naboth's vineyard
to the east and afterward they would
ferment it's fruits into the awful
vintage of further war, which blood
red wine our children would have to
drink to the dregs.
With the entire populations of
Austria Hungary to draw upon, Ger
many could afford to reduce the bur-
den of conscription per million per-
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

quillity enters her heart! 1t seems to
her that she can never again take part
IN that human spectacle whose restless
agitation astonishes her She domi-
mates it from the outside. She regards
it calmly, indulgently, with detachment.
These are other beings than herself.
But suddenly she shudders. She has
caught a glimpse of herself in the
mirror of coiffeur's shop window and
she has found herself much too good
looking.
nun ought not to be allowed to
have those long, tender eyes or that
delicate little nose, spiritual and shock
ingly non-conventical. If the people
in the street should suspect her dis
guise!
What she fears is that they will no
longer look at her with deferential
eyes. She finds a pleasure in these
external tokens of respect. They and
her austere robe fill her soul with a
novel freshness which is so delightful.
Now she has reached the tramcar,
already filled or nearly filled. She will
have to stand on the crowded platform,
But the workmen and the little shop
people push aside to make a path for
her. Inside a young working girl sees
her and rises at once.
"Sister, oblige met"
She insists. Marie Liaison seats her
self. She lowers her eyes obstinately.
She hides in her big sleeves her hands
much too white and too we'll cared for.
Her neighbor, an honest old gossip,
who, over her basket, is reading a
fiercely anti-clerical newspaper, seizes
the opportunity to engage her in con-
versation.
"Sister, have you nursed some Of the
wounded? Because I have a SOM
Marie Liaison, without lifting her
head, replies evasively, and, SO far as
she can. resumes her meditation.
She thinks, that in her place. many
Of her colleagues would amuse them
selves frivolously. But she has no such
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

new setting. Marie Liaison goes out
alone.
1t is necessary for her to take long
walk through a half-suburban street
before she can reach the terminus of
the tramway line.
She walks softly, her head bowed.
She watches the regular movement of
her large, heavy nuns robe. She holds
her rosary in her hand.
Little by little she penetrates into
the soul of her costume.
"How happy they ought to BEL" she
says to herself.
Thronging, the souvenirs of her early
childhood come back to her-fre sh
souvenirs Of play, of laughter, of inno-
cence.
And now group of boys pass her in
the street. They are coming home
from school. They see her and stop
shouting and chasing one another. Very
solemnly they form in file and salute
her:
Good day, Sister!"
A little further on an old workman
takes off his cap to her.
And now, as the nun arrives at the
first houses of the faubourg, the pedes-
trians become more numerous. They
all make way for her.
What an extraordinary sense of tran
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

Peace to-day on Germany's terms
would thus condemn mankind IN both
hemlspheres to years-perhaps gen.
eratlons-of feverish dread of this
second, more terrific conflict, the
brunt of which would fall, through
Britain, on America.
Peace Could Not
Be Lasting
In anticipation of this calamity
there would be unrest on all sides.
Does any one seriously suppose that
Germans, who have annexed half of
Russia, will calmly reconcile their
minds to the loss of their mercantile
marine? The idea is absurd. They
will do their utmost to break down
the British guardianship of the
gates of the new world. One pro.
gramme of naval construction will
succeed another, as in the years
1900 to 1914, until the strain breaks
and war ensucs.
Moreover, the settlement, as de-
fined above, would plunge not the
Balkans only, but a vast belt of ma
tions stretching from the Baltic to
the Mediterranean into a welter of
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

Translated by William l.. Mcpherson

Doguin Of the Vaudeville, at is the
play of your physiognomy which will
explain everything. The two women
are there, near the table. You are lying
down. You cannot move, but you see all
that is going on. Surprise, indigna-
ton, must show in your face You will
be stunning!"
~ should like to strengthen the effect
by making movement of some sort.
Is there Sister of Charity alongside
my cot?"
"Yes. The little Lieson will play the
Sister of Charity"
Cali right. I wish, while am look
ing at the two women, to grasp
Liaison's arm and to squeeze it more
and more firmly as my astonishment
and horror grow"
ut shall be as you wish. You can ar
range it with her beforehand. Here she
comes"
At the door of the ward Pauline
Chantier and Georgette Hyper exclaim
sdmlrlngly:
"Ah! Liaison! You are delicious!"
"You could hardly believe how be-
coming it is to her!"
"She lowers her eyes just as if she
were a real Sister!"
ooh! that chapelct!" cries Octavie
Cratic, little woman with nose in the
air, who is going to figure in a sub
sequent picture.
ut isn't chapelet; it's q rosary"
"Ah."
And Marie Liaison gives the details
of her costume to her friends. 1t is
the habit of the Franciscans. At the
waist is the rosary which so aston
ished Octavie Crate.
II have even put on these enormous
slippers" adds Marie Liaison, showing
her feet.
"How can you walk with them ?"
Zone easily gets used to it,"
| II promise you a success. You will
be charming, my little one"
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
[ERMANY'S CAMOUFLAGED PEACE TRAP

creased by Palestine and Mesopota-
mia, while Japan would obtain
kiao-chau. Really, at first sight.
1t looks almost as if Germany were
IN a generous mood, especially with
other peoples property. And I do
not doubt that she would be most
happy to end the war on these terms.
The Allies, on their side, have been
let down by Russia and cannot be
expected to feel any enthusiasm for
country which has lost enthusiasm
Tor itself. There is no treaty-no
debt of actual national honor-that
binds us to the Russian cause. and
Mr.. Lloyd George has gone so far as
to tell our Labor party that Britain
cannot be held responsible, which
means solely responsible, for Russia's
liberation. 1t was after this pro-
nouncement that Woodrow Wilson
came forward with his fourteen
points, which included Russia. and
the position is thus: that a war aim
which was beyond Britain's strength
when she stood alone becomes both
obligatory and possible when she
stands side by side with the United
States and other free peoples.
Merely Temporary
Arrangement
Next, let us suppose, merely for
the sake of argument, that peace did
come about, fairly and squarely, on
the assumed German lines. For a
considerable period, doubtless, there
might be a general disinclination
to upset things. After the war of
1870 discharged German soldiers
caused considerable anxiety and Bis
marck thought it prudent to grant
industrial reforms. But in a few
years the autocracy, which dictated
history in the schools of the Father
land, got it's own way again, and,
flushed by past victories, the people,
and especially the rising generation,
prepared for fresh wars. By her so
called proposals Germany would lose
a part of Alsace-Lorraine, some not
very Impressive regions in tropical
Africa, and her Bagdad Railway.
But to her own people she would
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19

becauAe they develop the Imagination
and arouse creative faculties.
Although my son is only fourteen
months old, he enjoys his picture
book much more if little story is
told about the pictures
Games also aid in the great work
OF character building. They help to
develop self-expression and originality
and can also be used to teach self
helpfulness toward others. Through
games children may be made to dis
cover the evil effects of self-will and
good resulting from self-control.
Act Out Stories
Play story with your child. See
how attentive he will be and what
powers Of self-expression he pos
sesses.
Childhood is the time Of make be-
lieve" and "let's pretend" and play
is all in all to the child. II only more
mothers would learn this!
Mothers can in degree give the
training that is necessary for little
children. But how much better it is
If possible, to send them to a train ed
kindergarten teacher. She has the
proper materials to work with. Then
too, the child can mingle with othe,
children Of his own age. II is his ex.
periences with his equals that are o,
special benefit to him. A child will
not learn things by being told-ht
must find them out for himself, through
contact with others, who have the
same needs and wants as himself.
Montessori says, "In every child
see possible Christ" No persor
besides mother realizes this as muct
as the good kiudercartner.
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
BY Mrs. Ona B. Kritter

II INDERGARTEN methods, whether
N begun by the mother in her own
home or by the trained teacher
N school, are of inestimable value to
sne child, for character building is al
!. ways made their principal aim and OBJ
iect.
Perhaps mothers may not have been
uained in kindergarten methods, but
~ least they can learn how to tell
story Any one can read story, but
'esiing one is much more effective and
much more enjoyable to the child.
Every mother should learn how to tell
story. Use your own words and
enoose simple and forceful ones. A
care plot is interesting to the tiny
enild, but many details should be sup
sned for the older boy and girl; they
sose them. Use direct discourse when
possible. Be enthusiastic. Be dram
7s'ie. After the story is finished, talk
y over freely with the children.
vnoose some stories which teach kind
asss to animals and some which give
'1alhing in morals or good habits, but
aevcr point the moral.
taste for the best literature can
s''en be formed in early childhood
slfeush wise choice of stories. This
81 aiso true OF music. The s6ngs and
1,usic used in the kindergarten are
ways carefully selected by the kim
ssaftner and should be just as care
's selected for the home by mothers.
bes.. ' wy
ss'des storytelling and music
..'sns are also pictures. Those which
'sffest the caild most show action
oyenent. Pictures are helpful
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
Waacs' Morals
Quite Perfect

1t is not necessary to specify too
exactly the stories Of supposedly loose
conduct on the part of the "Waacs"
which have been reaching England al
most ever since the khaki girls first
went to France. Eventually the effect
OF these stories, which were common
property and believed by many Of
those who are always ready to swallow
an evil tale. became so unfortunate as
to lead the authorities to send a com
mission of representative women to
France to make a searching investiga-
ton on the spot.
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
Vote Reforms for Hungary

NJ. P.--The new bill that went to the
Hungarian Parliament December 2l,
1917, will. if passed. increase the mum
ber of electors TO 1000, ,000--fro per
cent to 90 per cent Of the population.
1t provides that both men and women
have the right to vote and to be elected
to membership Of the lower house if
New-York tribune., 1918-05-19
Child raining at Home
By Mothers Who Have Been kindergarten Teachers

This of articles umder direction of
States
Each tten by ho has her training practice
nth her children and embodes the
Nnd this articles helpful pass
other