The Washington times., 1918-07-21

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est intestinal catarrh. which hardly
disturbs one in service. This light
form is the most dangerous, for II
spreads very easily, a. IL 10 not Pc
ing regarded As dysentery.
"And II one suspected dysentery In
every Intestinal catarrh. entire army
corps would have to be transferred
to hospitals. The measures against
dysentery have not been 80 success
full as those against typhoid fever.
The protective vaccination, which Is
to help the hygenic measures, has
been under consideration Recently
Surgeon Major Boehnke discovered a
substance for vaccination which
promises favorable results.
The course and effects OF dysen-
terry vary greatly.
"The majority regain their health
without any serious after effects
Some need many months before they
are able to regain their former
strength: fortunately, only a small
part receive permanent injuries; some
retain Intestinal ulcers which later
may secrete bacilh II is these ais
guised carriers Of the disease who
have brought dysentery into the Faith
erland and caused epidemics which
last summer appeared here and there
II will be easier to combat the disease
under the conditions existing In the
Fatherland; and first OF all next sum
mer attention Is TO be paid to the ny
plague.
Hard Battle WItA cAoIera-
"ChoIera existed before the out
break OF the war in the southern prov
inces OF Russia, was carried from
there by troop movements and threat
ened our frontiers in the fall Of 1914
II was kept away, however, BY ener-
getic measures After the breaking
through of our armies at Gorlice, our
troops marched through pestilence-
stricken territory. No one who has
lived through those days will forget
the picture presented by the dozens OF
unburIed cholera victims'in the con-
quered cities. Nevertheless II was pos
sIble to save our army from Infection
to q considerable degree; and those
affected BY the disease were the men
In the rear who had more to deal with
the civil population.
an addition to these diseases I'M
parted by bacilli. an important role
has been played by spotted fever, re-
lapsing fever and malaria. which are
spread by insects. All Of them had
been known to us formerly. but had
been eliminated by cleanliness and
hygienic measures. In Galicia and
Russia they had been known even in
peace time, but because of the war
have spread very rapidly. Spotted and
reIapsing fever are being carried over
by the clothing louise. And so the
struggle against spotted fever has
become the struggle against the louise.
This required a special study OF the
insect, and with this matter the zool-
oRist. Prof. Haase. was intrusted. IL
vas shown that .he best way Of de-
stroying them Is by means Of steam
and heat. Immediately there sprang
up behind the front establishments for
the determination Of lice, where all
the troops were looked after. In this
way the diseases we're kept away
from the western armies and me
FatherIand.
"Spotted fever is a dangerous dis
ease, especially for Germans. Eut
when once overcome Il leaves no
after effects During the war Or.
Rocha-Lima has been able TO deter
mine with probable precision the
cause Of the disease. This helped the
combating of spotted fever. And to-
day. with the exception OF a few
southern bsttlefronts, our army may
he regarded almost as free from the
disease.
"Another disease. known as the
Volhynian. or five-day. fever, has been
discovered by Prot Werner and NV
self. It's typical form is fever at
tacks in intervals Of five days. II Is
likewise being carried 0y lice.
Malaria Is q disease which is now
more widespread han II would have
been expected. While On the west
ern front II is limited to small areas
II is well known on the entire east
prn front from Finland to Palestine
in the north IL lasts .hree days. and
in the south il appears in its tropical
form. It Is carried by singing hies
Of the anophClcs kind. All preventive
measures are useless against the In
lection en- masse.
'In the Balkan countries and In
Turkey our troops have made the ac'
quaintance Of a disease which may
last only a few days, but which some
times leads TO complete exhaustion
II Is papatacci fever. which, accord
ing to Austrian scientists. is being
carried by q small blondthirsty in
sect. the sand fly (phlebotmus)
FINALLY :here is in the west IN
small groups an infectious disease
which appears together with iaUndicr
and Inflammation OF the kidneys. u
was described by We'll and carries
his name"