davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
WILL IMPOSE
RESTORATIVE INDEDINTTIES.

In a word Il for the self-iuterest OF the con-
ouerors Of Napoleon 70 establish France the idea
that they made not upon France but upon Napo-
leon and this they left France prac-
tcally intact and imposed considerable indemnity
BY contrast berate the subject natiOnalitles
Of Germany. Poles. Danes and the inhabitants OF
Alsace-Lorraine and must compel the German peo-
pie TO pay what German soldiers have done ia
Belgium and France. We do not seek punitive in
IDENTITIES but restorative ndemnities colossal and
unless we collect them France and Belgium VIII have
10 bear intolerable burdens imposed by German
crimes
The absolute justice OF purpose with respect 20
Germany does lessen difficulties in realizing
them Socalistic Germany viii resist must resist for
its own existence win be imperled. 81 viii almost in
peace with the burden Of many billions Of indemni-
ties Il resist mitary precisely Russia could
not the unjust conditions OF BrestIitovs bat II
can refuse sign
Nor 8 It easy TO how negotiate until Ger
many has achieved form OF recognized govern
lnegs that is until the revolution has been accepted
bv the German people at a general election What TO-
by the representatives Of the present regime may
repudlated by the nation Moreover settlement
conceivable that leaves Russia OF the reckoning
and how are we deal with Russia?
In one sense a peace congress IS simple We have
power 20 write such terms please, write
which express just claims against Ger
many terrltoraly and otherwise. bur enforce them
with respect Of ndemnltes is another matter We
occupy German territory the Germans occupied
French territory IN 1871 and the allies occupied
French territory after Waterloo but ~ revolution
the Russian unheaval Is IN progress IN Germany
ths viii not aid 90 get indemnites
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24

disunired states. It real settlement
religious issue concerned in all else it
Element. but rather a cessation Of war made neces-
sary by exhaustion achieved at a general
but by separate peace agreements between the
various contestants.
review of these previous great settlements or UNI
settlements is perhaps worth while now when we are
make the greatest of all settlements. which seems
bound have long a life that
exercise at least great influence upon succeeding
generations did the 1915 document upon history
Waterloo the Sedan. OF all these previous
settlements only Vienna o contemporary
interest, because alone of the many arrangements it
like the present the consequence Of complete
tory general which put complete power in the
victor
Vienna the principles Of civil liberty and Of racial
unity were rejected Metternich Talleyrand Castle
were concerned with the rights small peoples,
and they were determined to exercise evil spell
of the French Revolution But the victOrs di-
by mutual rivalries that only the of Ma
poleon prevented collapse of the and Tai
leyrand at all times able beaten France
from the consequences of defeat 10y playing upon the
mutual jeaousies of the conquerors.
The statesmen and the soveregns who framed the
Vienna document regarded Eu-~pe for France OF
1889. as open hunting ground. Prussia, Austria,
Russia their kings. quarrelled their
spective shares OF Poland, all of which the
by eloquent gesture claimed his own, success
Disagreed all else, however, the contestants were
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
CONGRESS OF VERSAILLES FAMOUS MEMORIES %@%%%

For America there peculiar fitness in the selection
OF Versailles the OF the world settlement
The liquidation OF the German war, told by
cable, is TO be accomplished by negotiations carried
In Paris and formally adopted In penary session at
Versailles Something like this the method
ployed settle the OF the Revolution. and while
the document which contained British recognition of
American independence signed Paris the treat
which restored to the world another
OF Versailles and Franklin Adams Jay, who rep
resented America in that famous time, frequently
at Versailles.
We are then, in real sense, returning to the
place which our existence obtained European
milton. But how different the circumstances. n
1882 the ward OF France. French armies and
French ships. with French loans. had made liberty
possible year before the armies OF Washington and
Rochambeau had taken Yorktown. the soldiers OF
and OF America had shared victory. e
fruits OF which mainly American But today our
armies have just been victorious at Sedan and in
Foch's happy phrase. have earned the right to in
scribe the word 'Meuse" upon their banners as the
soldiers Of the French monarchy the privilege
10 write Yorktown upon theirs hundred and thirty
years
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
BY FRANK SIMONDS,
News Times and Associated
Newspapers War Expert.

agreed in disregard OF rghts tho reel owners
And not less complete the disregard OF the men OF
the congress Of Berlin for the considerations
AT Vienna nobody cared about the Poles; nobody
cared brass farthing for the Serbs or me
Greeks at Berlin. In the later 81 horlng none or the
assembled statesmen troubled by tho halntlus
OF revolution such had shaken Europe before Tho
Vienna gathering In Berlin the diploma lists were COM
cerned only with avoiding general WIKI
curing as much territory possible A. Vienna
double objective personal profile and collective
royal safety An eviction kings Ike which
just occurred, had followed the French Revolution
and the general association OF moosrchs
was resolved to make any repetition impossibls
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24

many since Bismarck supported Vienna against Petro
grad and this estrangement led to the Russian
alliance It estranged Italy and France and Italy
tered the triple alliance It did equal injustice all
the Balkan states and made the later Balkan in
evitabls II sacrificed Serbia Austria, ROumania to
Russia. Bulgaria 10 British about Constan-
tinopie II the Turk 40 years in which to
and destroy. 1t the ques-
ton unsettled It did nothing justly and the question
OF the rights of nations had hearing in the Berlin
congress 1t shameless bargain counter. in which
oil the great powers tracked the flesh of the small
peoples with two purposes In mind: To avoid
among themselves and to acquire such profits they
could take home with peace assured.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
CONGRESS OF VIENNA
REVEALS PARALLEL.

But il is to the congress Of Vienna that we must
turn at the present time any parallel
the Versailles gathering Cor that the
effort Of Europe to liquidate At Vienna
the conquerors of Napoleon gathered abolish the
peril which the ideas OF the French Revolution held
all sovereigns and all autocraces. With respect
France, the military territorial side Napoeon's
conquerors made promptly in treaty Paris.
signed little more than a month after the FIRST alb
dicaton of Fontainebleau France conq tests
and restored the frontiers Of 1889 the main.
but the integrity of the old France was maintained
against the Prussan effort seize Alsace Lorraine.
1t was not with any desire to France that
conquerors dealt With her in a moderate spirit: was
merely TO make possible the a Bourbon
king and thus enlist the general crusade
against liberal ideasaganst the spirit Of the French
Revolution.
Having disposed Of France the representatives of
Russia, Britain Austria and Prussia undertook o
store the world which had been swept away by the
revolution The partition of Poland finally
summated. Prussia Russia Austria took their
eral shares Italy was again turned over to its old
punderers; Austria was reesta oshed in Venice the
Bourbons in Naples; Belgium turned Ho-
land; everywhere the rights and the wishes of
were disregarded. Napoleon, returning from Elba
nOunced that the OF Vienna dissolved.
Waterloo following fast upon the adjournment this
congress, abled its determination stand.
The consequences of this settlement were even more
evil than those Of the later Berlin gathering The
bon restoration lasted in France but 10 years. Bel
GUM promptly broke away from Holland; Italy under
the leadership OF Sardinia, began her haf-century
struggle for liberty and unity Poland again
revolted. All Europe was swept in 1s4S by ris-
ing to restore the lost liberties revolution era
The rvalries of Austria and of Prussia led
of 1855.
When they written the agreements of Vienna the
allied sovereigns united in a Holy alliance directed
against liberal ideas to restrain France
the natural home Of revolution The consequences of
when Prussia, Russia and Austria have fallen into
ruins The Fohenzolerns who framed the document q
Vienna, gone-in exile dead Italy is free
France republican. Europe is unbound Yet this lib
Grafton has taken full century: only now Poland
rising from the servitude imposed than a cen
fury only is Italy redeeming oil her
Latin brethren from Austrian chains
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
TREN1INo ALMOST WHOLLY ITALIAN.

Trent surrounded by mountains is a characteristic
Italian 10000 inha bants. The Trentino
is occupied almost exclusively by Italians Even the
official Austrian census compiled by Vienna. ad
mtted that $4,000 Of the $4,000 population were
Italians. Riva. Lake Garda, and a dozen other
cities or the region italian populations
full Of examples OF italian architecture
is not only the cities that Italian The
ing valleys and mountain slopes scarcely show
German for every thousand inhabitants
L IS Of the anomalies Of history that such a
province should have remained for century
der Austrian rule Il has been highly priced by
Hapsburgs because OF its military and strategic pos
shities Italy has bitterly resented the existence Of
this mountainous wedge harbed all sides with
projecting into the midst OF the Italian plains
AS italian journalist expressed it. The possession
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
REVOLT WOULD
NULLIFY PEACE.

II what is taking place tn an n central Europe
should out % be bur the prelude revolution
OF the Russian type then peace NEGOTIATED az YER
sailles might dead letter least would BE
suspended for long period n time while Germany
the throes q revolt and -he consequences
OF revolution might destroy The economic fabric ~
Germany as 20 render payment impossible Tor many
many years.
I do not mean 20 be understood believing that
can should forego indemnties. have right
ask the French and the Belgiars who have been
despoiled by the Germans 20 bear the loss themselves
trying 20 forth The why The debate
a Versailles may be long. most such debates
and why agreen1ent when form fate5 even
longer IN execution, Germany has laid down her
she can fight she win have accept our
terms. far formal assent is concerned but ~
Germany follows the Russian example either be-
after the peace Is signed a. Versatile prob
new congress
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
Italians Occupy Provinces Recapmed from Austrians

BY the time the armistice Austria went into
effect Italian troops had already pushed north into
the mountains OF the Trentino. The region
Adge had fallen into Italian hands many Austrian
stronghOlds mad been yielded up, and patrols
creeping along the river the direction Bolzano
I'm word. Italia Irredenta virtually back
When O'Clock struck the afternoon Of Nov.
Trent
The recapture OF this severed portion OF Italy
the achievement of a hope which has been cherished
by the Italian people since the premature peace Of
1866 left a number OF Italian provinces Aus
tran domination. II also marks the elimination OF
OF the most arduous undertakings attempted
modern warfare.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24

The peace of Utrecht, a century earlier, a diff
ferent order of settlement. 1t terminated be-
kings rather than between nations. It ended
the effort Louis XIV dominate the whole
tinent No question of liberalism in any mind; the
single purpose preserve the victory achieved,
to Europe against French aggressons.
Unlike conditions existing and existing in the
time of the congress of Vienna, there military
decision advance of the making Of The food
tide Of French success had long passed. Blenhem,
Families and Nalplaquet had broken the military
might of France, but the French armies still
strong territory practically intact and French
exhaustion complete than that of the allies,
who were nomnaly victorious
Actually there general congress and no sin
gle document OF settlement. Separate peace
between France and her enemies The Of the
peace left to Louis conquests which were
of French territories inhabited
10y French populations II left him those districts in
Flanders which have such terrible fighting in
the conflict; il confirmed his hold Alsace,
but il rescued the Belgian lands from him and
tabshed for France the frontiers which, the
side of Italy subsisted until the Franco Prussian
and to be restored.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
PRINCIPLES SOON
REPUDIATED BY FRANCE.

The purposes expressed in the congress Vienna.
the principles established there repudated
by France they were never formally accepted by
British, who, seeking protection against French
menaces consented rather than agreed the decisions
They banshed from Italy within half n century
but they prevailed in Russia, Austria in Ger
10 the very hour when the present conflict came
They revealed again in the congress o Berlin
where Berlin again harnessed the chariot of
reaction this time through fear of Russia
newly beaten and mutilated helpless. For a full
century therefore. the evil done Vienna has en-
dured and its inevitable has been the world
war.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24

Trentino for the Germans has meant the hold
ing of enormous foot shod with mountains upon
the neck Of Italy"
Austra's has been irksome. not solely because
she has menaced Italy I'm a military way but also be
of the oppressive fashion in which she has dealt
with her Italian provinces In respects the dual
monarchy has been stupidity brutal in others, it has
been rather adrot From S66 10 1917 the regions Of
the TrentinO and the Julian Veneto have been care
fully watched for evidences of anything that seemed
like the beginning Of a revolution. individuals sus
pected OF being agitators imprisoned banished
or, In number Of cases, executed. Schools Ger
manized newspapers, books. and plays censored
the strctest manner and every expression of Ital
allegiance sthed.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
DISCTOSES SEEDS OF
GREAT WORLD WAR.

Yet the briefest consideration OF the acts the
congress OF Berlin disoss the seeds of the world
war Russia had conquered Turkey, had planned
reater Bulgaria designed uberate the Savs OF the
Balkan Peninsula, her armies within sight of
onstantnople and expulsion the Turk from Eu-
rope was seemingly inevitable.
l5ut the congress OF Berlin turned Of Bulgaria
hack TO the Turk, bulvark against the Rus
sian which would satisfy British anxieties Con-
tantnopIe Austria the Serb lands OF Bosnia
and Herzegovina, kindling the FIRE which spread
into the world war Greek lands from the
Creeks 20 restore them the turk; IL permitted
.4 20 seize the Roumanian lands Of Bessarabia ard
forced Roumaua into the Bulgarian Dobruja, sOwing
-b seeds Of hatred which such evil harvests
s0 recent years Britain received Cyprus and became
The Cuarantor OF the Turkish integrity, responsible
thereby for the Armenian and Macedonian
crimes OF future France obtained Tunis and the
.-erer4tion-Iong resentment OF italy
When IL was all this peace with honor" tina
r}eacorsfeId acclaimed his frcn Berlin
conlplshed these things II estranged Russia and
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
AUsTRIA's FAvORTTE POLICY

In addition TO these laundering efforts remake the
provincias faithful! German subjects. the
Niennese authorities must be credited with certain
degree Of stimulating -feeiing between
of the subject races in order avoid the danger
of any union them against Austro- Hungarian
Is Hapsburg game Divide rule"
Austria accused Of having practised this policy
the Jugosavs and Italian irredentists
The result has been wave Of antagOnism between
provincial and Italians who rights ought
be friends. The wisest leaders among
these peoples recognize the futty OF chickering's about
the Adratic lands but the distrust largely by
Austria will be hard TO uprOOt.
Italys campaign in the has been attended with
difficulties The exigencies OF mountain
forced the Italian troops contend not only
against superior Austrian higher up in the hills
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
MAN POWER \ PROBLEM TOO.

The problem of man-power has been acute. From the
beginning Of the Italy has called 10 little
less than $4,000 and has suffered loss OF
100000. the fighting the Austrian front
Italy has had her disposal only 81 divisions with
oppose the 20 divisions OF the 1t is
also said that the forces sent by Italy into France
Albania Macedonia. and Palestine have been greater
the combined forces sent into Italy by the allies
the conclusion Of the Austrian aristce, there
was not single existing division Of Italian troops
which was active in OF the theaters OF
In the matte Of industries and natural resources
Italy was not well prepared 20 enter the She
lacked coal for example In spite Of these various
handicaps, italy has fought with great obstinacy
Among her bravest lighting men have been soldiers
from the unredeemed provinces OF the Austrian Tyrol
The reoccupation Of these lands merely means that
Italy has co. back 20 her again The Ttal-
ian flag which floats over the newly Trentno viii
he hailed greatest satisfaction the pop
ulation they have always been thoroughly Italian
in speech traditions. and patriotism.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24

against precipices ice slopes and freez
ing weather. In three years of continuous obscure,
hand-to-hand fighting all along chain Of forbidding-
~ rugged mountains occupied even 20 the lofuest
peaks the took from the f4S9 officers
and private soldiers Some idea of the engineer
ing feats involved can be cleaned the that
il was necessary BUILD $500 kiometers of entirely
new traffic road and 10 swing 1900 klometers Of tele-
pheric cables from cliff to cliff for the transportation
of troops and supplies
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24
WESTPHAIIA SETTLEMENT
ONE OF NEGOTIATION.

AS for the settlement Of Westphalia, like that OF
Utrecht peace by negotiation, without victory.
1t ended the third years it established the prin
cple of religious liberation: marked the rise o
France a great state; bestowed Alsace upon the
French monarchy it left Germany broken of
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1918-11-24

Editorial Comment. school ParA
Wonan's Section and cthsr Fsa-
lures OF General Interest
Mexico Missouri message., 1918-06-06
SANTA FE, MO.

Well, the ladies of Monroe county
have changed their song. All you
could hear was chickens and eggs.
Now it is, aren't you glad the
thrasher's mute? Yes, it should have
been done years ago, such a saving.
Ida Yowell's team of mules ran
down the hill south from town, into
cultivator, the mules getting badly
cut.
Mr.. McGilrs fine sorrel horse got
badly hurt, no one can tell how,
Miss Nell Wilson and Glacie Nc
Gill motored to Perry Saturday en-
route to LAGRANGE to attend school.
Crops growing so fine and fast it
is most impossible to give them prop
er attention.
o. B. Vaugn and Miss Ulsie Utter
back were married last week.
Mrs. Ward Tawney has 400 chick
ems. Mrs. w. L. Bybee about 500;
Mrs. RI. Yowell 600, all having fine
success. Some are having poor sue
cess with Matching turkeys, they
will likely be scarce this fall.
Virgil Bates and wife returned
home Tuesday, Lloyd Howard taking
them to Mexico.
Miss Mamie Biddock spent the
week end with Mrs. Bert Smith.
Memorial services at South Fork
Thursday afternoon were well at
tended.
Jess Capp was called TO his father
in Clarence who is seriously ILL.,
r. B. stevens, southeast of Mexico
is riding in a new Ford. R.B.says II
YOU want to hear the music you must
keep up with the band wagon.
Mexico Missouri message., 1918-06-06
LETTER FROM OVERSEAS.

Lewis S. Crum, with the A. E. F.
in France, writes to his brother here
in Mexico, David F. .Crum, this letter:
Dear Brother: I'm fine and dan
dy and hope the same for others.
We have some very fine weather and
also some rainy weather. We are
now drilling, but we have been on
the move ever since we have been
here. l did not have time to write.
Here in France they have mostly
two-wheeled wagons and when they
work more than one in the shafts
they put one in the lead-that's't the
way they plow-they work, three all
strung out in a string. l guess its
like the pretentious style we call
tandem.
They have here some old looking
buildings. Wherever have been the
women do most of the plowing
Trains and cars differ much from
ours. A car accommodates eight per-
sons and the only way to get from
one car to another is from the out
side. l think we will go to the
front before long. A qucik answer is
what we each like to see.
LEWIS S. CRUM,
Company c, 1913 Inf. A. Il. f.
Mexico Missouri message., 1918-06-06
MARRIED 80 YEARS.
MIR. And Mrs. G. w. Adams Celebrate
Their Golden Wedding-SeVen
Children, All Living.

Mr.. and Mrs. George w. Adams of
this city celebrated their fiftieth
wedding anniversary Tuesday at
the home of their youngest son, A.
Ovens Adams. There was a sumpt-
uous dinner, and all had a joyous
time.
Mrs. Adams before her marriage
was Miss Mary Alice Kinkaid of
Bowling Green, Mo.
There were seven children, all liv-
ing and all boys-a remarkable rec
ord. Mrs. Adams says there never
has been but one serious mishap in
the family and that was when A.
Ovens fell from bicycle and cut his
lip.
The children are: George A. Ad-
ans, engaged in farming and live
stock raising near Vandalia; w. d.
Adams, general agent Of the Inter
national Harvester Co., Knoxville,
Tenn; James Walter Adams, a part
ner with his father in the real estate
business in Mexico; H. M. Adams,
Pontiac, ILL.,, also a representative of
the International Harvester Co.; DR..
S. c. Adams, Huntsville, Mo-; DR..
A. X Adams, dentist, Auxvasse,
Mo-, and A. Ovens Adams, partner
with his father-in-law, j. A. Abbay,
in the mercantile business in Mexico.
Four of the above brothers attend
cd the golden wedding dinner of
their parents-James Walter, DR.. S.
c., DR.. A. X. and o. A. Adams.
The father and mother have been
honored citizens of Mexico for a
number of years. Mr.. Adams was
Sheriff of the county four years at
one time and later was elected Mayor
of Mexico. 1t is distinguished fam
lily. May all live long upon the
earth, to help and bless the world.
Mexico Missouri message., 1918-06-06
ENEMY U-BOATS CHECKED
BY AMERICAN DESTROYERS

American Lives Lost Off Coast OF
New Jersey In Subsea Raid.
Fifteen vessels have been sunk
by German U-Boats within so miles
of the Ney Jersey coast 'Tis said
that enemy submarines are oper-
ating along the Atlantic Coast
The victims of the German subma-
rine raid off the coast were all on
board the steamship Carolina, of the
Porto Rico and New~York line. ,
Officials place the number on
board at 22O and the crew at 1870, or
$50 in all. Sixteen are known to
have perished, forty-two are unac-
counted for and small hope for their
safety is held out
In most cases reported the crews
were given opportunity to escape or
were imprisoned in the U-boats-
then turned losse to be picked up by
then turned loose to be picked up by
passing vessels,
A large mine field discovered in
the Delaware Bay was torn to pieces
by American mine sweepers. Some OF
the mines were exploded and others
| captured. The mines are the work
of the German submarines, and di-
rectly laid in the path of American
transport ships. Fifty air-planes
are patroling the coast south of Co
ney Island. These planes have ma
chine guns and carry bombs.