davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
WINTER WHEAT CROP
LARGEST EVER SOWN
TOTAL YIELD WILL BE 765, 600 900
BUSHELS SAYS GOVERNMENT
CROP FORECAST
GROWING SEASON WAS IDEAL
Appeal for Larger Acreage Made Be-
for Armistice Was Signed Slim
uIated Farmers of Country
to Greater Production
GROWING SEASON WAS IDEAL

Washington, Dec. 20--A huge winter
wheat crop, larger by S0,0O0,000 BUSH
els than any yield in the history OF
American agriculture was forecasted
this week by the department of agricul-
ture. The governments appeal, made
before the coming of peace was in
sight, saying an acreage of 47,50O,0 900
was desirable, and the guaranteed price
of 1920 bushel for wheat, stimulated
extraordinary effort on the part Of
farmers, said the departments an
nouncement. AS a result, 1902, 900
acres were planted during a long and
almost perfect season.
Heavy Yields Promised.
The fall growing season has been one
of the finest ever known, resulting in
the crop being in the best condition
ever recorded on December /, and CIV
ing promise of heavy yields.
Allowing for the average spring
abandonment of acreage due to win
ter killing. the department announced
that winter wheat gives promise Of
total production of 765, 100000 bush
els. An average spring wheat crop
would place next years production Of
wheat beyond billion bushels and ex-
coed the crop of 1915. Last years
spring wheat production was 1868, 0O0,-
900 bushels.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
RAILR0ADERS PLAN BATTLE
FOR RETURN OF PROPERTY
Executives Are Opposed to Extending
Control Beyond Fl Month
Period of Present Law

New York, Dec. PA definite pro
gram, calling for prompt return of the
railroads after the passage of remedial
federal legislation. was worked out at
a meeting here yesterday of the stand
ing committee of the Associat ton of
Railroad Executives, according to an
announcement last night. While pro-
visions of the plan were not made pub
lie, 1t was said that they took into
consideration every detail Of the prob
lem. The program win be submitted
next month to the senate interstate
commerce committee. If it is approved
at a full meeting of the association.
called here for December 30
Whatever the cost. it was said. the
executives are opposed to extending
the period of federal control beyond
Fl months after the signing of peace.
as prescribed by law. 1t is understood
that rather than have the time ex-
tended 10 five years as suggested BY
Director General McAdoo. they would
prefer return of the roads without the
proposed legislation.
A hint as TO what form the execu-
tives think This legislation should take
Is found In the reasons they ascribe for
improved conditions effected BY gov
eminent operation: additional eouin-
ment. abolition of the shippers power
to route his own traffic, increase In de-
murrage rate. decrease In time allowed
for londing and unloading cars. and
strict supervision of shipments.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
INSISTS ON LEAGUE OF NATIONS

Paris, Dec. 19.-After four days of
President Wilson's closest advisers say
he has seen no reason to change his
belief that the foundation of league
of nations is inseparable from the ac-
tual peace treaty itself.
These advisers say that the presi-
dent in explaining his definition Of
the freedom of the seas win reas-
sure Premier Lloyd George that he has
no intention of demanding the reduc-
ton of the British navy. n point in
volving the unsafety of the empire, but
will emphasize his feeling that the
plan Of league will strengthen the
empire.
In all his conferences the president
has taken opportunity to impress his
views, it is said by those who are.
authorized to speak for him. that no
nation Is entitled to assume the role
of master or dictate the manner or
the conditions of the representations
of others.
There is some Indication that con-
siderable Roadway is being made In
this direction, and that the members
of the American mission are now see
ing their way clearly. All express the
Not Victory Of Arms Alone.
Some undercurrents are interpreted
as showing indications of regret be-
cause the acceptance of President VIII
sons points in n general way pre-
vented some nations from achieving
their own objects which might have
been gained II Germany's collapse had
been made even more complete. In
'eply 1t has been made plain to those
With whom the president conferred
hat the United States government
Ices not consider the war victory
4 arms alone, and that victory would
'e incomplete without an organization
y nations to guarantee world peace.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
TEN PROSPEROUS YEARS
PREDICTED BY OFFICIAL

Chicago, Dec. 1S.-That the next 10
years will witness the greatest wave
of prosperity the United States ever
has experienced, and that the next
three or four months will witness a
period of business depression owing TO
unsettled conditions, were the predic.
tons of Prof. Charles e. Zueblin OF
the United States employment service.
in an address before the Illinois Man
ufacfurers' Cost association here yes
terday.
Prof Zueblin said that the problem
of returning more than 3,0O0.0O0
American soldiers and sailors to their
homes and industries could only be
solved by capital and labor getting
together on n basis of better produce
ton. "There will be no Bolshevik
in America" he added, ''for
the Bolsheviki cannot live with pros
perity."
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
WILL PENAlIZE PROFITS
EARNED BY CHILD LABOR
Twelve Senators, Mostly Southerners,
Vote Against Adoption of
Tax Amendment

Washington, Dec. 19.-AdOption OF
a committee amendment imposing a
10 per cent tax on profits from child
labor products entering interstate
commerce was the only action by the
senate yesterday on the war revenue
bill. The vote on the amendment was
80 to y, the Democrats casting all the
negative votes.
Leaders hope for passage of the bill
by fext Monday with view to secur-
ing an extended recess over the holt
days.
The child labor amendment, drafted
jointly by Senators Pomerene of Ohio,
Lenroot of Wisconsin, and Kenyon of
Iowa. is designed to replace the child
labor law declared unconstitutional by
the supreme court. Senators Hard
wick of Georgia and Overman of
North Carolina led the fight on it. and
on the roll call these senators voted
against adoption:
Bankhead of Alabama, Beckham of
Kentucky, Hardwick of Georgia, Mar
tin of Kentucky, Overman of North
Carolina. Pollock of South Carolina.
Simmons of North Carolina, Smith of
Georgia. Smith of South Carolina.
Thomas of Colorado, Underwood of
Alabama and Williams of Missipbi.
The amendment, which will go to
when the senate passes the
revenue bill, is said to have President
Wilson's approval.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27

English capital. It has been settled
that the president will hold confer
snces with Premier Lloyd George and
Foreign Minister Balfour.
When he leaves Paris for Chaumont.
resident Wilson will probably not re-
urn until the opening Of the peace
conference. His movements in FraDce
will be entirely In charge of the army,
which will take him from American
headquarters to one of the channel
ports.
The members of the American mis-
sion are continuing their work, dis
posing of much material which must
be arranged before the actual sessions
begin. They feel that good progress
has been made.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
PEACE MOVES MUST ALL BE
IN OPEN SAYS NORTHCLIFFE
Noted Britisher Says President Viii
sons Popularity is Due to His
Desire for Open Diplomacy

Paris. Dec. 21-LOrd Northcliffe,
chairman of the London headquarters
of the British mission to the United
States. who is visiting Paris, yester-
day gave to the Associated Press the
following statement regarding his
ideas as to the need of open diplo-
macy in conducting the peace negotia-
tions; SO that the people may know
what is going on:
Nothing can be worse for the pros
poets of the coming conference" said
Lord Northcliffe. than an atmosphere
of secrecy and half truths. Yet up to
the present there has been no official
statement that the momentous meet
ings about to take place will be held
in accordance with President Wilson's
expressed views on the question of
open diplomacy.
''The days of secret conclaves. are
dead and gone. Clandestine assem-
blies are the harbingers of intrigue,
suspicion and possible deception. II
would be intolerabe that the fate of
whole nations-great and small
should be decided in secret. Shall the
destinies of millions of peoples in all
quarters of the globe be left to the
tender mercies of comparative hand
full of delegates, against whose enact
ments there.is no public appeal? Such
would be mockery of that principle
of self-determination of free nations
which has been fought for and won in
this war.
''The British press and people may
be relied upon to support fully the
presidents enlightened expression of
opinion as to the need of publicity at |
the momentous meetings expected to |
begin in Paris on the sixth of January !
Surely the world has suffered enough |
from secret diplomacy to realize that
is totally incompatible
with the conception of league of free
nations. great part of the presi-
1ent's popularity is due to the knowl-
edge that he is the father of open
which it was understood
would be the course adopted at the
sessions
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
WANT TO SINK HUNS
SURRENDERED SHIPS
GREAT BRITAIN ACQUlESCES IN
PLAN ADVANCED BY
AMERICANS
SEEKING TO AVOID DISPUTES
Some of the Lesser Naval Powers Ex-
pected to Demand Distribution Of
Prizes.-U. S. Abandoning It's
Naval Stations in Europe

| Paris, Dec. 19.-The American dele.
gates to the peace congress have re-
| solved to advocate the sinking Of the
surrendered enemy warships and re-
sist any proposition to distribute them
| on the basis of naval losses. This an
| nouncement is made by those in close
touch with the American representa-
tives, who, it is added, feel that such
position would result in avoiding
contention and materially support
President Wilson's declaration that
the war was not based on aggression
or the acquisition of property.
England, through Sir Eric Geddes,
first lord of the admiralty, had previ
Ously acquiesced in the American plan
to destroy the captured or surrendered
warships, and, it is declared, will con-
tinue to support the United States
although it is expected that some OF
the lesser naval powers WHY demand
that the prizes be distributed.
American naval stations viii be
maintained for at least year at Brest,
Gibraltar and in the Azores, to render
aid to American meSchant ships. The
consent of France, England and Portu-
gal has already been secured. The
aero and radio stations at these points
will be in readiness to respond to calls
for aid by American shipping In dis
tress, and facilities will be afforded
for needed repairs and supplies.
Abandon Naval Projects.
Although the plans have not been
developed. it is believed i'm naval cir
Giles that the shipping board desires
the continuance of the manning of its
ships with naval officers and crews
until private capital is organized to
undertake the great task of operating
thousands of merchant vessels.
The other naval establishments i'm
Europe have been ordered abandoned
as rapidly as possible and progress in
this direction has already been consid-
cradle. The United States navy had
q aero stations along the European
coast, the material of which, except at
BreSt, Gibraltar and the Azores is be-
ing shipped home. Naval transports
relieved of carrying munitions, will
hereafter convey food supplies.
1t is expected that the army also will
soon be able to use a number of its
transports similarly on eastern voy-
nges.
Rehabilitation Of the paval per-
sonnet has been ordered to proceed
rapidly on the basis of the transfer to
he reserve lists of men and officers of
good character and physique. The
needs of the new merchant marine, it
S calculated. will absorb as large g
of such reservists as is
lesired.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
AL RESTRICTIONS CANCELLED.

Washington, Dec. 21.-Formal an
nouncement has been made Of the can
collation. Of all restrictions and orders
~ the war industries board, effective
january I, and the withdrawal Of MI
pledges made BY Industries at the In
ntnsce OF the board
Notice Of the dissolution Of the board
- January was given several weeks
- With the resIgnatlon OF Bernard
=. Barnch ~ chairman. and it's &C.
eeDeasrf by President Wilson to BE-
lsne et9settys y that da5e.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
GERMANY PLANNED WAR
ON HOLLANDS SHIPPING

Washington. Dec. 10. Pnpers Of
tary attache Of the German enbass,
here taken from his headquarters
when the British captured Palestine
and which Indicated Germany plannet!
U-boat warfare against Hollnnd aBd
the scandinavian countries In October
1916. were placed in the record yester
iay In connection with the senate ju
liciary committees hearing on Gefmai,
,ropa ganda.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
American Casualties

Washington, Dec. 21.-Casualties Of
the American expeditionary forces.
which have not been published but
which have been announced officially
by General Pershing, had been reduc-
ed at noon, December IS. to total
sf 66892. These the war department
announces, were classified as follows.
Major casualties, Including killed 10
action. died of wounds. disease and
other causes, 1880; wounded, "a. 882;
missing and prisoners. $50. A large
proportion Of the 64.882 names listed
a. wounded are minor cases, It IL aid.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
ITALIAN KING ARRIVES.

Paris, Dec. 20.-King Victor Emman-
uel, accompanied by the heir 10 the
Italian throne. the Prince of Piedmont.
arrived in Paris yesterday. A warm
welcome was given the Italian monarch
by President Poincare. Premier Glenn
eBceau and other ministers, and the
thrOngs in the streets acclaimed him
vociferOusiy as the procession left the
station and went TO the Italian en-
bassy.
Last evening the king paid visit
TO President Wilson at the Murat man.
sion..
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
PRESIDENT MEETS MINISTER'S.

Paris, Dec. 21.-President Wilson's
present Christmas plans contemplate
his departure from Paris on Christ
mas eve for Chaumont, American head
quarters. ON General pershing's special
train. On Christmas morning he will
and dine with the troops. returning to
Paris the same night.
The American ambassador, William
q. Sharp. as dean of the diplomatic
corps, arranged for the presentation
TO President Wilson yesterday of all
the ambassadors and ministers accred.
tied to the French government.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
MCCORMICK AND BARUCH
SUMMONED BY PRESIDENT

Washington, Dec. 21.-The expected
rail- for Vance Mccormick, chairman of
the war trade board, and Bernard NJ.
Baruch, chairman of the war industries
board, to join President Wilson in
Paris and act as advisers to the Ameri-
can peace delegation. was received yes
terdaY
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
72N Cents Hour a. Minimum Wage.

Chicago, Dec. 19.-That 721x cents
an hour Is the lowest living standard
wnge for an American family. is the
opinion Of Frank P. Walsh. formerly
chairman Of the employees division Of
the federal war labor board. accord
ing to q letter from him read at the
hearing before Federal Judge Samuel
Alschuler. arbitrator in the wage CON.
troversy between the meat packers and
their employees. The minimum Of 47ix
cents an hour does not provide the
comforts Of life, nor does II enable
family to lay BY any money, he wrofe.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
KING GEORGE ASKS VISIT.

London. Dec. 21.-King George has
invited President Wilson and Mrs. Will
son to be his guests at Buckingham
palace during their stay in London,
but no reply has yet been received.
1t is assumed that the president will
accept, but the whole matter will be
deferred to the presidents personal
wishes
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
Naval Uniforms at Cost.

Washington. Dee. 19.--The senate
late yesterday passed the house bin
authorizing the government to furnish
uniforms and equipment TO nayni OF.
ficers at cost.
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27


respondent of the London Times. In
stated his views on the discussion of
the freedom of the seas and to have
contrasted the evils of the Vienna con-
gress with hopeful outlook for the
Versailles congress.
Given Out by Northcliffe.
Lord Northcliffe. editor of the Lon
don Times, has given the Associated
Press copy of the interview. from
which the following extracts have been
taken
The congress of Vienna, the CORE
spondent says President Wilson told
him, Was a congress of ''bosses' The
delegates were concerned more with
their own interests and the classes
they represented than the wishes of
their peoples.
Versailles, President Wilson said."
the Interviewer continues, must he
meeting place of the servants of the
peoples represented by delegates and"
he added, there is no master mind
who can settle the problems of today.
II there is anybody who thinks he
knows what is in the minds of all peo-
pies. that man is fool. We have all
get to put our heads together and pool
everything we have got for the benefit
of the ideals which are common TO ALL"
Lauds Grand Fleet.
Asked whether he would visit the
grand fleet. President Wilson replied
he would not have time, adding that
he fully realized that behind the great
armies there was a strong, silent and
watchful support of the British navy
I'm securing the communications of the
allies
He referred also to the very happy
and cooperation between |
the British and American navies.
President Wilson, in discussing the |
role of the British fleet in the main |
tenance of what, at any rate during |
the war. had been the freedom of the
seas for the free people of the world,
spoke with sincerity which no
amount of writing can convey. His
accents convinced one that he is be-
lever in the decency and honesty of
he Anglo Saxon race. He said:
Frank Cooperation Essential
1T is essential for the future peace
IF the world that there should be the
'rnnkest cooperation and most gem
srous understanding between the two
English speaking democracfes. We
and appreciate. l believe,
he grave problems which the war has
'rought to the British people and fully
understand the special international
questions which arise from the fact of
our peculiar position as an island
mpire."
The correspondent declared that he
eft the president with the assurance
fngfng in my ears that he desired TO
cooperate with the British and with /,
II the allies in securing. with their I
ounsel, new state of affairs through
ut the world
The circle banner. [volume] (Circle, Mont.) 1914-1939, 1918-12-27
CONFERENCE WILL
CURE WORLD EVILS
PRESIDENT WILSON GIVES BRIT
oNs HIS ATTITUDE ON
FREEDOM OF SEAS
BOOSTS GREAT BRITlsHFLEET
Says Versailles Meetings Will Not Be
Like Vienna Conference.-DeIe-
gates Are Servants Of People
Whom They Represent

Paris Dec. 21.-"I am confident
that the big council of statesmen of
the world will be able to reach a just
and reasonable solution of the prob
lens that will be presented to them,
and thus earn the gratitude of the
world for the most critical and neces-
sary service which has ever been ren-
dered it." said President Wilson yes
ter<ay in an interview, referring to
the approaching peace conference.
The interview was given to the cor
respondent of the London Times. In
1T the president is reported to have
stated his views on the discussion of
the freedom of the seas and to have
contrasted the evils of the Vienna con-
gress with a hopeful outlook for the
Versailles congress.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1918-07-18
BLOWING Wells.

What are known as blowing wells
are not at all uncommon, although In
some localities they are called "breath-
ing" sucking" weather" or "barom-
eter" wells. The United States geologi-
cal survey finds that in nearly every
well of that kind the blowing and
sucking occur alternately; that is, at
certain times the current is outward,
and at intervening periods inward. The
phenomena are caused by differences
in atmospheric or barometric pressure.
The necessary conditions seem to be
a porous stratum of soil, such as sand
stone, gravel or porous limestone, only
partly saturated with water, and over
laid by some impervious substance such
as shale or clay. So long as the at
mospheric pressure is high, the air Is
driven into the well, where 1t collects
in the upper part Of the porous stra-
tum above the water level. When the
pressure drops, the air flows out with
considerable force, and in so doing pro-
duces what is known as blowing"
The blowing usually occurs during
storm periods or when the wind is In
a certain direction or during certain
periods Of the day. In some cases
marsh gas or Oil or rock gas may cause
a similar blowing effect.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1918-07-18
(TTIE END.)
The State of WestsxIvania.

The province and government of
Westsylvania" was proposal made by
the settlers In the southwest of Penn
sylvania and the adjacent territory for
the creation of new state. II origi-
mated in connection with the troubles
between Virginia and Pennsylvania,
and the scheme was brought forward
early in July. 1776. A description of
the proposed government defines the
bounds as beginning at the eastern
branch of the Ohio opposite the mouth
of the SclotO and running thence In a
direct line to the OwasiOto pass, thence
to the top of the Allegheny mountains
thence with the top of the said mount
tains TO the northern limits of the pur-
chase made from the Indians in 176S at
the treaty Of Fort Stanwix, thence
with the said limits 10 the Allegheny OF
Ohio river and then down the said
river as purchased from the said In
dams at the aforesaid treaty of Fort
Stanwix TO the beginning" A call for
convention to organize the govern
ment was issued, but a memorial OF
the Virginia committee of West Au'
gusta county TO the lower house OF as
sembly led TO the abandonment Of the
plan.-Philadelph Press.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1918-07-18
ingenuity Misapplied.

Every day or so we see where boy
who used to get licked for drawing
pictures in school is now a famous ar
fist or cartoonist. What were you
whipped In school for, mostly? And
are you putting 1t to any practical pur-
pose nOw2 We got licked once for re-
moving the hairpins from taffy-col-
ored head at the desk in front of us
but there is no great demand for tai
ents of that sort now. Another time,
we missed a boy with a paper wad,
and hit the teacher-but there is much
competition in the grenade throwing
business now, and our aim is no better
than IL was then. Again, we had ball
Of Irvine in our pocket, and we tied
the end of the string to our desk, and
then walked around the room, unwind
ing Irvine the while, entangling the
teacher and most of the students. Do
you see any financial or political posi-
bilities now for a genius which thus
manifested itself at the age of thir-
teen?-Claude Callan In Kansas City
Star.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1918-07-18
Anclents Knew OF Periseope.

II is not generally known that the
history of the periscope dates back
10 the time of Aristotle and Euclid. OF
course, neither Of these erudite an,
clients had the actual article used to-
day, but they discovered that part of
the theory of light and optics which Is
present in the working of a periscope.
AT later date the camera obscura
came TO battle the world, the scientists
of the fifteenth century having evolved
a box in which an image can be thrown
and traced by a pencil into an actual
picture. The idea was quickly seized
upon by showmen, and a camera OBJ
scura became a feature of every side
show and exhibition. From first to
last the showmen made a good deal
of money out of the idea, until people
came to learn that there was nothing
magical about the thing. Both the
perlscope and the camera obscura are
simplicity itself. All that is needed
are a mirror and lens.