davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
Far Reaching Importance of
Muscle Shoals Improvement

Continued from Page Three)
duced at Muscle Shoals will prove c
powerful stimulant to the development
of the vast raw material resources Id
the Tennessee river basin and within
the entire area in which this electric
energy can be successfully distributed.
Three Illustrations Will suffice:
BENEFITS TO BIRMINGHAM
The Birmingham district is already
the third largest producer of iron ores
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31

idly outstrip its principal competitors
In the north and east
The unparalleled hardwood timber for
ests in the lower Mississippi valley are
rapidly disappearing just as have those
in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and other great
hardwood states. Virgin tracts are diff
hcult to find, giant trees are becoming
scarce, hauls are increasing apd prices
for hardwood lumber are higher than
ever previously known. A new region
must be found. The greatest virgin hard
wood forests in this country are in tho
upper valleys of the Tennessee river and
its tributaries. These are inaccessible
now, but they will be rendered available
by the navigation improvement now be-
ing made at Muscle Shoals and, with
water transportation for logs and with
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31

! hypochlorites. CELEBRATES. alloys of iron
with silicon, chromium, titanium, tung-
stem, manganese and other ferro-alloys,
aluminium calcium carbide abrasives,
such as alundum and corundum, cleo
| trodes (of which the country is now ex-
| periencing most serious shortage), So
dunn and sodium peroxide. phosnhorous,
silicon chlorine, carbon bisulphide, mu-
rlatic acid, oxygen and hydrogen, paper,
wood pulp, graphite, and a long list OF
others. 1t is in the establishment under
profitable working conditions of such in
dustries as these that the benefits OF
cheap power are realized, rather than in
the reduction of the cost of electric light
ing or the operation of small motors, for
the beenfits of cheap power to a COM
munity are in no way measured by the
Insignificant reduction in ones individ-
ual electric light bill. but are found in
the building up within our national bor-
ders of those industries the products o.
which comprise the most important ma
terials which contribute to our industrial
welfare
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
SOUTH GREATEST CONSUMER

The south is the greatest fertilizer
consuming district i'm the United states
Fifty per cent of all of the fertilizers
used in America are purchased within 500
miles of Muscle Shoals, and if the radius
be increased 800 miles then so per cent
OF the fertilizer consumption Of the
United States will fall within the cir
Gle When it is remembered that the
farmers of the United States purchased
nearly S2o4100,00o worth of fertilizer last
year, in spite of the fact that for every
y to II pounds of plant food which they
bought they We're obliged to purchase
and transport IS to IS pounds of inert
matter or filler, it is not hard to predict
that when concentrated fertilizer, con-
tanning upward of 90 per cent plant food,
is made available to them at about one
half the cost of present commercial
fertilizer, the demand will far exceed
even the large supply which can be made
available. If there We're no other in
dustry upon which TO base the prosperity
OF the Tri-Cites than the great fertili-
ger plants which will begin operation
AT the close of the war the future of this
industrial section would seem assured
located as 1t is on three lines of rail-
way and with siX-foot navigation on the
Tennessee river connecting it's wharyes
with the 1900 miles of navigable streams
which comprise the great Mississippi sys-
tenn
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
DEMAND FOR CHEAP POWER

The demand for cheap power in the
United States has far exceeded the sup
ply. Industry after industry has been
driven to Canada or to Norway. The
exodus began 10 years ago. when the
American Cyanamid company was
forced to locate on the Canadian side
of Niagara Falls in order to secure
power cheaply enough for successful
operation. Since that time industries
by the score, utilizing hundreds of
thousands of rsepower-industrie
conceived by Americans, owned by
Americans-have located in the frozen
north on the rugged cliffs of the Nor
way coast where cheap power Is avail
able, but many of the raw materials
must be shipped great distances, and
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
Will Help Win the War and
Will Be of InestimabIe
Value When Peace
Comes
CHEAP POWER is
GREAT INDICTMENT
TO MANUFACTURERS
These Facts Constitute the
Real Foundation for Pres
ent and Future Pros
perity of Tri-Cities

Sheffield, March 90 special)-The
past year has seen remarkable activity
on the part of the government in many
localities, especially in the south and
east Large sums of money have been
spent and are being spent in order to
secure quickly the results which the gov
efnment desires. These great govern
nlent enterprises, however, owe their ex-
istence to the war and in many instances
are purely Of a temporary nature. while
IN nearly ali cases their purpose is en-
trely military and the end OF the war
VIII see marked curtailment or entire
shutdown Of these emergency establish
ments
In striking contrast to this temporary
prosperity which has come to so MANY
places is the phenomenal activity which
IS now so much N evidence at Muscle
shoals, for, White the great nitrate plants
owe their present rapid construction to
the war conditions, nevertheless when
the war is over they will become an
even greater commercial asset to the
most rapidly growing industrial center
OF the south-the Tr-Cities of northern
Alabama This fortunate circumstance
IS due TO the fact that at the Tri-Cities
exist combination of Industrial condi-
tons which have no parallel elsewhere
in the United States
SOURCE OF CHEAP FERTILIZER
While producing ammonium nitrate.
mat giant among explosiEes-in time
OF war-these huge nitrate plants will
become the source in time of peace of
high-grade commercial fertilizer in
large quantity, and although they are to
be operated in this emergency by steam
power, the source of their energy will
be the running waters of the Tennessee
river as soon as the necessary dams
can be built.
with the development of the hydro
e!ectric power to the full amount of the
INSTALLATION recommended by army en-
gineers, there will become available at |
Muscle Shoals for the use of industries
nearly $4,000 horse power of electrical !
energy at about one-half the cost of |
the power at Niagara Falls and the dams /!
that develop this power will become the
means of opening the Tennessee river |
TO modern navigation traffic.
II Is the purpose of this article to point |
out briefly the significance of these facts |
rs they affect the future of the Tri- |
Cities as whole. and of Sheffield in par |
ticular.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
Tennessee Valley Opens Wide Its Doors TO
Birmingham Men on |@Win the War Special


The Tennessee valley opened wide its
doors to the delegates of the Birmingham
Chamber OF Commences win the war"
special, which left Wednesday afternoon
comfortably cared for in five Pullmans.
1t was easily the most representative
body of men who ever left the Magic
City to carry fraternal message of
greetings to sister cities. 1t seems that
the mission of our townsnen of frater-
nifty and good will went ahead OF the
party, for when we reached the first stop
at Albany to so over the silk mill we
found Decatur lined up and were happy
to find that the twins were getting
closer together every day.
The mere fact that men of every type
were aboard the Birmingham special
was concrete evidence that at last they
had learned that the only way to make
a city truly great was to cooperate. IT
was the open secret that they were TAX
Ing to the thriving cities of the fertile
Tennessee valley. It was good dope TO,
the Twin Cities and the dope for the
Tri-Cities, and they swallowed their
medicine without making wry faces.
DINNER FULL OF SNAP
The joint dinner given by the Decatur
boosters and the Albany Board of Com
merce was as snappy a one as / ever
attended. Andrew Patterson, who made |
the speech OF welcome, had fertile inn |
agination and sympathetic heart, caus- |
ing Arthur Crowder to respond with |
feeling and force. J. Fl. Calvin was also
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
WHAT DAM NO. ? MEANS

But of even greater significance is the
recent order of the President, which au-
thorizes the construction of dam No. 2,
at which the ultimate power installa-
ton recommended by the government en-
gineers is 100000 horsepower Coupled
with dam No. s, eight miles upstream,
at which the recommended ultimate in
stallation is 10000 horsepower, the total
generating plants recommended will be
capable of 100000 horsepower. When it
is remembered that the developed power
OH the American side of Niagara Falls
is 2l6,00o horsepower. and the total power
developed there is but $4,000 horsepower,
some idea of the magnitude of the future
developments at Muscle Shoals may be
had.
An indication OF the remarkable size
OF the great concrete DAMS the larger OF
which, recently authorized is shortly to
be constructed under the direction of
Lieut.. Col Hugh l.. Cooper may be had
when 1t is considered that dam No
2, approximately 400 feet long and 100
feet high, will be the largest concrete
dam in the world, and with power house
$50 feet long, will contain 10000 cubic
yards of concrete and will create a reser-
voir 5000 acres in area. Compared with
this giant among masonry dams. the
greatest of these structures now existing
is completely overshadowed, for even the
great Roosevelt dam, 260 feet high, is
but $50 feet long, and contains only 34o.-
00) cubic yards of concrete, while the
worlds highest dam, the Shoshone, in
Wyoming. 3O5 feet high. is but ITS feet
long and contains only &C. 900 cubic yards
of concrete. Even the new Croton dam
of the New York water supply will be
outdone, for its length is but 1900 feet,
and it contains $4,000 cubic. yards Of
masonry.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
BY FRANK WILLIS BARNETT
RIDE OVER DISTRICT

Isled Banner" floated out on the MOI
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31
LONGEST DAM IN WORLD

Dam No. 8. the authorization for which
it is expected will not be long delayed.
will be GAS feet long, making it the long
est dam in the world, for it will exceed
the Assouan dam in the Upper Nile by
about rs feet. The reservoir formed by
the upper dam will cover 25.472 acres and
the length OF the power house will be
about GIT feet. according to present plans
The value OF this power development
to Sheffield can be judged by the effect
Which the power development at Niagara
has had upon the city OF Niagara Falls
In 1890 Niagara Falls was a village of
5491 persons, most Of whom made their
living from the tourists who visited the
place in large numbers. In that year the
development Of the hydro-electric power
was begun. and in 1917 the population of
Niagara Falls was estimated at $1,000
Inhabitants, while the value OF the man.
ufactured products is said to be above
@so000.c0o per annum.
This result has been accomplished in
spite of the fact that the locality in the
neighborhood Of Niagara Falls is not es-
pecially favored with an abundance or
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-03-31

Rapidly spinning along, We soon left t.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
CAMP WHEELER AND CITY
OF MACON ARE DAMAGED

Macon. Jan. IA series of torua-
does over central Georgia this AFTER
noon are known to haN- killed one man
and injured three Others. and the
cloudburst Which followed the first
tornado. water dojn@ much damage
at Camp Wheeler Many tents vser>
Of the I2@nd infontry killed a private
named Harris of Atlanta. The storm
did great damage in Macon at ia.
state fair -rounds, where two Iu-e
..rand~taud$ We're demolished. Th
hr.rh building shelterjng the animals
Of sun BROTHERS circus was Wr-. b.~l.
killing several animals.
The tornado broke after an all day
rain. \ heat wave came in and mauy
WGmcn became alarmed at the ~ud-
den change and notified the police.
The air was sitting at times, and they
reported from different sections Of the
C.ty. -AS the storm broke q railroa,!
train on the Macon, Dublin x s'avan-
was blown from the track. The wind
next struck the fair grounds build
inGs. twisting them tu pieces. II thea
jumped to the Wholesale district #
the city near the new terminal sta
tion where roofs Of flour mills ulsI
wholesale houses We're lifted and the
CndS and sides torn away. ScN,r4l
fires occurred during the day and to-
night. hut none got any headway Tel
egra phic communication from Macon
was practically cut of in every dlrec-
tiur.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
Chief Political Issue Is That
of Reported Peace
Negotiations.
PROPOSALS OF
DEC. 25 WITHDRAWN
Nikolai Lenine, Bolsheviki
Premier, Unwilling to Con-
cede Anything to Enemy.

With lighting still at low ebb on all
battle fronts, the chief political issue,
IS that of negotiations between the
central powers and Russia remains the
absorbing point of interest in the
world war Nothing but contradictory
reports of the proceedings come
through That peace has again been
discussed at Brest-Litovsk seem ap-
parent controvertinG previous re
ports that conferences will not be
continued by the Bolsheviki unless
they were transferred TO Stockholm.
Latest advices say the central powers
delegates had withdrawn their peace
proposals of December 25th of mo
forcible annexations or indemniues,
so far as Russla's allies were con-
cerned but Count Czarnin. the Austro-
Hungarian foreign minister, told the
BoIsheviki delegates the door was not
closed TO Russia and central powers.
This seeming ultimatum of represen-
tatives of the enemy powers was TAX
en- under advisement and the conferT
ence adjourned.
Nikolai Lenine, the Bolshevikf pre-
mier, apparently is maintaining his
previous attitude of unwillingness to
concede any points to the enemy and
las reassured the Bolsheviki he will
declare war on them. He also declared
himself in favar-of stopping demob-
lization and preparing for war.
on the fighting fronts. there is only
slight activity except by artilleries.
Several trench raiding operations were
carried out on the western front by
the French in Argonne forest.
Notwithstanding the deep snow.
Ithilian guns have been active near
CavazuCchurina, in the hill region, de-
molishing Austro German trenches.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
CENTRAL POWERS HAVE
WITHDRAWN PEACE TERMS

Amsterdam, Jan. 1.-THE Central
powers have withdrawn their peace
terms made public at the Brest-
I.itovsk conference on December 20,
it was announced by DR.. Won Keuhl-
mann, the German foreign secretary
in his speech at Brest-Litovsk con-
ference with the Russians yesterday.
Owing to the non acceptance by all
the enemy powers of those terms, Dr..
Won Kuehlmann stated that document
had become null and void
DIR. Won Kuehlmann said the first
task Of the conference was TO resume
negotiations at the point where they
were broken off at the Christmas ad-
journment.
Referring to the fixed determination
OF the central powers not to sccede to
the Russian demand of transference
20 neutral territory he said Germany
and her allies were not in position
10 conduct elsewhere the discussion
begun at Brest -Litovsk, although they
were willing to have final formal ne
gotiations carried on and the sigma
lures 10 the preliminary agreement af-
fixed at some place to be agreed upon
after the debate. He continued "as
for the conduct of the negotiations.
the atmosphere in which they take
place is extremely important. II must
he mentioned that since the conclu-
sion of the exchange of views betweeR
the temporary interruption of the ne
sotiations much has happened which
appeared calculated to contribute dis
trust as to the sincere intention of the
German government to alIIvr at
speedy peace with the powers o. the
Quadruple alliance. I may refer To- the
tone OF certain semi official declara-
tions OF the Russian government
against the Central powers especial
~ the declaration of the petroErad
telegraph agency. which is regarded
abroad as the semi official Russian
agency. 1t reproduced in detail a re
ply that Joffe "a member OF the Rus
sian delegation is alleged to have made
at the sitting on December 2S which.
as the protocol shows, originated sole
ly IN the imagination Of its author.
This entirely unfounded report has had
a good deal 10 do in confusing judg-
men in regard 70 the course Of the ne
gotiattons and in endangering their
results
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
STORM DAMAGES
A GOVT. DREDGE

Reports from Fort Parrancas late
yesterday afternoon announced that
the house Of the dredge Blackwater
had been blown On the beach and at
n late hour Yesterday the dredge it
ST vas straining at her hawsers and
anchor chains, h0t had held despite
the high winds and heavy seas which
prevailed.
The living quarters OF the crew. it
was stated, werg on the barge which
Is said t. have broken loose. despite
efforts "f the crew 10 prevent such an
oC'-ITTtut
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
SEVEREST COLD OF
SEASON IN WEST

Kansas City. Jan. 1.-THE entire
plains and states in the area from
Mississippi river 70 the Rocky noun
tains and the Dakotas To the Rio
Grande tonight are experiencing tha
most severe weather o. the winter,
following = blizzard that ended this
morning after piliug up huge drifts
OF snow.
COLD AT NASHVILLE.
Nashville, Tenn, Jan. 11.-Nashville
is i'm the grip Of one of the worst
blizzards in its history The driving
Sno,v storm tonieht followed an all dag
lain. and Sieet.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
ENEMY FORCED FROM
THEIR OWN TRENCHES

Rome, jan II. -- AustrO- German
forces yesterday were forced 10 evac-
nate some trench sections near Cav
azucchurina. on the Italian mountai,l
front, the war office announced today.
The retreating TeutouS were caught
under the Italian fire and suffered CON
~iderable losses.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
CHURCHILL PLEADS
THAT u. S. SOLDIERS
SENT OVER IN HURRY

London, Jan. 11.-Winston Spencer
Churchill British minister of muni-
tinrs. addressing the American lunch
con club today. made a powerful ap-
peal for the sending of American
soldiers to European quickly and IN a.
large numbers as possible.
The reception of Premier LLOYD
George and President Wilson's war
aims by the central powers, The min
is-er declared, showed a gulf that no
bridge could span. He added that
Great Britain and the United States
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
TORNADO WIPES OFF
MAP TOWN OF COWART
ALA; CAMP DAMAGED
-(Bv Associated Pres J

Montgomery, Jan. II. .- Seven
persons were killed, and twenty
five injured at CoWarts. Alabama.
and the entire town destroyed 10y
a tornado today, according to a re
port received at the local ottica uf
the Atlantic Coast Line raiIva..
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12
L II Z w E A T H E r

Rain Friday In northwest. Fair Satur-
day, with cold wave. Strong winds, shift
Ing to northwest by Friday night.
Highest temperature yesterday, 81 de-
grees; lowest, 80 degrees.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12

C,|sntinued ON Page TwoD
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12

Continued on Page SIX
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1918-01-12

WEST + FLORIDA HAS
M A N Y ATTRACTIONS
F OR THE HON E
SEEKER :: :: =:
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1918-11-25
M'DEVITT VERY
MUM ON PLACES
Refers Inquircrs to New Gov
ernor, but Capitol Gives
Him Congratulations

Harry S. McDevitt. of Philadel-
phia, who is expected to be the pri-
vate secretary to Governor-elect
William c. Sproul, was at the Capitol
to-day in connection with work as
Deputy Auditor General, which he is
handling II the Philadelphia courts.
Mr.. McDevitt declined to discuss the
reports of his appointment 'by the
new Governor who has been much
impressed by his work as the expert
of the economy and efficiency COM
mission and the grasp of details
which he displayed in the recent
campaign.
H ANY announcement regarding
any appointments will have to come
from the new Governor" was the
only comment he would make.
Nevertheless many of Mr.. McDe-
Wits friends in the Capitol extended
their congratulations and best
wishes for the new administration.
Tho State Treasury has received
over S43,500,000 of state revenue
thus far in the fiscal year which
closes with November. This breaks
all records for income in any year.
The Public Service Commission to-
day heard arguments in more than
a dozen cases and viii hits week
consider numerous jtney applica-
tions. The argument i'm the demur-
rer in the Union Traction Company
case from Philadelphia, scheduled
for to-day, has been postponed until
December l6.
The johnson BronZcr Company. of
Newcastle, to-day entered protest
before the Public Service Commits
sion against the new rates of the
Newcastle Electric Service Company.
James ii. Dix, treasurer of the
Single Tax party of PENNSYLVANIA,
to-day filed an accounting for
Sl36.51 used in the party's state
campaign. The Philadelphia county
committee gave So and the Montgom-
cry county committee 50. State
ments showing less than $50 spent
We're filed by Charles Sehl, Socialist
candidate for Governor; f. L. Nc
Kee, Prohibition, and Harry T.
Vaughn, Socialist, candidates for
Congress-at-Large.
state health department. officials
reported improved influenza condi-
tions in Allentown and Wilkes Barre
but that schools had been closed by
Johnstown authorities and that re-
strictions would be extended in New
castle.
The Public Service Commission
has dismissed the complaints of the
Bradford Chamber of Commerce
against the Pennsylvania and Erie
systems relative to withdrawal of
trains on the ground that it is inter-
state and not within the jurisdiction
of Pennsylvana commission.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1918-11-25
MARKETS
BY associated Press

New York, Nov. 25.-Wall Street.
Although domestic trade advices
over the weekend were considered
of more hopeful character, heavi-
ness prevailed at the opening of to-
days stock market. Popular issues
were lower by fractions of a point,
pressure being more evident in oils,
equipments, motors and subsidiar-
les. Utilities also were lower, West
ern Union losing three points and
American Telephone a. Changes
among rails were mainly downward,
tub. United States Steel was fairly
estady. Liberty fourth "a made Il
new low quotation at 97.76.
Decidedly lower prices were reg
istered of the morning. Rails as a
whole We're weakest standard shares.
notably transcontinentals and coal
ers declining , to points. Mexican
Petroleum fell six points, utilities
made further recessions and numer-
specialties were included among the
backward issues. Selling extended
TO the entire list at noon. the move
ment Embracing L. S. Steel and ship
pings which had hitherto held firm
Liberty fourth 4A were offered in
increasing volume down 97.64, 9TH
or issues of that group yielding
moderately with internationals.