davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
An editorial referring to the table

An editorial referring to the table
says:
Were it possible to give comparative prices
OF manufactures. We think it would be found
that in that department of industry prices
have generally declined than on the
products here instanced. On many kinds of
goods the fall has been so severe as to in
Volve the manufacturers in embarrassing cir
cumstances and not infrequently even in
bankruptcy. This inequality in manufactur-
ing and agricultural interests is one of the
Inequalities bequeathed Us by the war
There are frequent comments in
the magazine upon the high cost Of
living. The July number, 1866, says
that wages are higher than ever.
which indicates that there had been no
industrial reaction up 20 that time.
The August number, 1866, speaks Of
prosperity of the railroads, and says
that Notwithstanding light crops of
the previous year, earnings had not de-
cllned. Money was easy, and there
was considerable stock speculation in
the fall of 1866. The magazine speaks
of plethora Of capital"
In March, 1867, however, the maya
zine has an editorial on the "Prevail~
ing Commercial Depression" which it
attributes largely to the failure OF
Congress to promptly dispose of the
nucluating paper currency. Other peO-
pie said that the depression Was due to
the policy Of retiring the greenbacks,
which Secretary McCulloch was then
pursuing. They said he was appreci-
atng them and shrinking currency
values too rapidly. There was SHARP
controversy upon the subject, and Feb
ruary 4, 1868, Congress passed an act
stopping the contraction Of the cur
rency.
In November, 1867, an editorial saws
there Is much idle capital; that for
three years it had been accumulating.
while the supply Of securities had been
diminishing rather than increasing.
owing to purchases by Europe. Money
was very cheap in London.
The Secretary Of the Treasury In his
report to Congress in December, 1867.
says that "although incomes have been
small and trade inactive during The
year, i'll no other country hes there
been less financial embarrassment. than
in the United States"
In January, 1868, The magazine
speaks of the "severc experiences OF
the latter half of 1867" when, it saws.
credits were contracted within narrow
est limits. It says that "grain crops of
the world in the last three years have
been below normal" In June, 1865. it
says that "those who anticipated
prosperous spring trade find that the
event does not square with their
hopes" Il adds, however, that Graders
regulate their expectations by experi
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
Telephone
Hanover 6S1@

erably enlarged, for even after the
conclusion Of hostilities It may be
anticipated that foreign borrow
ings, both governmental and pri-
vate, in this market may be heavy.
This means, as Mr.. Lamont and 9TH
ers have already pointed out, that
we shall have an annual interest in
come OF nearly half Il billion. And
we shall begin to use our own bot
toms for our oceanic trade. An an
nual inflow Of half a billion a year
OF gold under present conditions
would produce an utter congestion
OF currency, inevitably lead to the
widest sort of speculation and a
riot Of high prices.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
Lessons From the Civil War
The Course of Prices and Business During and After That
Then Greatest of All Wars
(Fro the Monthly Circular Of the National City Bonh)

There are many Inquiries as to bust
ness conditions following the wars of
The past, but every such experience had
features peculiar TO itself, which make
it difficult to draw lessons appliri BILE
to present problems. At the close of
the Civil War, in April, 1865, this
country was still distinctively an agri-
cultural community, and the armies
scattered to the farms and the new
lands which were open to homestead
entry In the West. There was no very
marked change in business conditions
for a year or two following the close
OF hostilit'es, except that the gold
premium declined, which affected the
prices OF commodities entering inter
national trade. Farm products wcrc
higher than during the why from 3;ybt
crops and foreign Influences.
Hunts Magazine" for January. 1858.
gives tho following tablo OF compara-
tive prices compiled from quotations
at New York the first Of each Of the
years given. also tho price of gold at
tho time, as this measures the depre-
citation Of the currency. The table is
interesting for many reasons
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04

anne. boom is on. 1t tells of active
p;u!ildihg operations in many towns and
clties' and says that towns and counties
are are voting aid to railroads. In Julv.
tonJ,, tooJ' ~ says; "Railroads are being cx-
tendeu, new manufactures, residences
and other buildings are rising IN
around us, and wherever we 20 IL ap-
flcultural districts or in manufac tuT-
ing ing cent centres there is offered to the eye
ehe same evidence Of the investment Of
capital in productive enterprises
@ in October, 1869, it says: "At the
commencement of the present wear
mere We're in the United States 42.255
c1osas rq'iea Uo Uf I,, rIail,w,ays. Before the year
$4,000 miles. In Illinois at ieast a haIf
dozen lines, are in progress. and the
same may be said OF Indiana, Michi-
gan, ga lowe and Missouri. Never was
'"fre ere such @ activity in this direction"
as follows: A0'o WAS
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
Consolidated Exchange

UNIT Of trade on this exchange, 10 shares,
Following table gives total transactions for
the week ended November g. with the high
low and closing prices
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
DIVIDEND NOTICES
Iggett & Myers Tobacco comu,r

81 Louis. No. October ao Ta,s
= quarterly dividend OF three ne- cs..
lSse) was this day declared upon the Con.
non n rs stock Of LIGGETT & MYERS 10
end. 1918, to Common stoc,,hoj'ssr. (.
record at the close Of business en- Noren.
her 18th, 1918. Checks will he nosiieS
7. T. ANDERSON. Treasp-s-
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
Market Barometers
Stock Exchange TRANSACT

Stock Exchange TRANSACTIONS
Stocks
Rail Other All
stocks. stocks. stocks.
Last w'k. 665,s0O 3,747,500 4,413,300
Week bef. 1,265,5o0 3,5s6,40o 4,s51 800
Year ago. 72s,2oo 5,165,eoo 5,8e2, 100
January to date:
1913. 15,759,4oo ee.s5s,eoo tt5,e13,ooo
1917. 1909, 700 13s,o2e, 200 1873, ,45o. 200
1916. 29334.4oo 1873, s,45o,2oo 1856, ,7s4, SEQ
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
lndustrials

net
Sales. High. Low Last chRe.
1899 SSS n1sm fAes1" FIX ESp' r. 2s s ,ss2s % !"
1900 do coupon. ~ 20 22 = 20
5000 'Burns Bros Ice 53Ns 4s 5oIa ga
900 Chev N W t5s 40 144 + 5
t92 'City Ser. .2B9 285 2s5 i. 9
100 ~do of. 1884 74s. 7424- t4
Ss5ddoo S2do Co!umb Woolen 12 1924 dd1zsA !
$500 Curtiss Aero =. 30I4 27Is % - 2I2
1915 Emerson Phon. 2as 2 23s- 70
25O Gen Asphalt. 90 80 32 - 2lA
300 *Hal Signal. 334 81. 3M4- 81
1900 Hupp M Car. 3M q
1000 Inter Rubber. 14Ia t1s4 12M-- 1M
800 Keystone T&R. W. II W.T.
10000 Marconi of A.. 4E q W. Va
300 Nor p e. P 8 2Za Va
1856 'Rclc Equip. 1924 1874 13M-- II
100 Seaboard S&M. 8
1900 Smith M T.. * "a X
1925 sStcel Alloys. 6sa 531 6ss-I- 1sa
5000 Submarine Boat t4is 10 12R- u
$4,000 "United Motors 34sa 1884 323d- 1A
25300 u S Steamship bls 4Io SD L
1900 Wayne Coal. 33s 33a 3aa -
2il00 *W-M Aircraft 6 5Is 5lI-. "a
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04

The oil trade is one industry that
seems to face peace prospects with
no qualms. 1t is pointed out that
the increase in product in the last
three years of war has been below
Che average increase in peace
times. While it is true that the
demands of our own and foreign
governments are now equal to our
pre-war exports, nearly, there has
been next to an oil famine in many
other lands which formerly took 70
per cent Of our export stocks. It
is also noted that our government
alone Is turning out five hundred oil
burning ships, and the general drift
is in the same direction. Tractor
production is expected greatly to
increase, especially in view Of the
high cost of running hay motors.
Even during the war there has been
a considerable development in new
Oil fields in Persia and elsewhere:
and the fate, or rather the product,
OF the great Russian territories
forms an interesting problem. But
with the restrictions imposed by
present high cost of exploration,
any considerable surplus seems now
improbable. 1t may be added that
the Improvement of the Diesel en-
gine which U-boat construction has
brought about may not be without
considerable after effects.
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
Wealth Markets and Commerce
Curb Market

Note.-'Thc Tribune assumes no RESPONSE
bfty for the accuracy authenticity of curb
market quotations. Transactions and prices
for the week ended November were re-
ported as follows
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04

,, IN 1o|o tho Franco German war CLOSED
european ;aa investment markets to Amer
: lean bonds. "Hunt's Mapa7ine's rSaa
succeeded in this year by "The F;nsn'
clal Chronlcle." wllicn SAYS at the close
ol Ine year that but for the war m.
uouoVedly railroad construction in ,hat
'e"' "ould nave reached 10000 miles
Danger Flag
IN the summer Of 1870 gold was
down to Sill, but at the close of Au-
gust the Franco German war had put
1t back to S1.22. Gold at the opening
OF 1871 was $1.10B, wheat s1.45 q
oushel, corn 79 cents. flour s6.25 to
$500 a barrel, cotton 1914 cents a
pound. mess pork s21 to s21.25 bar
rel. In May, 1871, "The Chronicle
aung out danger flag, saying:
FOR lorg time our most expert
cnced financicrs have looked with ap-
prehenslon on the amazing rapidity
NitA which our floating capital hae
naen investing itself in railroads and
otAer vast enrerpriscs.'
$l.09 to SI.1O, and with the country
still in the high tide OF prosperity but
this was the last year Of really boom
times. On May 25 "1he Chronicles"
discussing the expansion which was
going on, said:
This imitation has spread to real
estate. In almost every populous city
houses ana lands are valued at much
higher prices than six or eight wears
ago"
In June gold was at st.t3 to s114
and i'll August reached $1.15, the rise
indicating "emittances to Europe. The
az balance was running against u
aia! Europe was not taking enough
ecN;itica 20 balance the accounts.
y N4ney vas getting worry tight, and an
me monetary system was inclastic the
Iaii demands were very difficult to
handle.
The Chronicle" was pessimistic in
the forepart of 1873. 1t was of the
opinion that the country had cvcrdone
the period OF expansion. 1t explained
tight money in the spring rs the result
of the construction Of 10000 10 1000
miles Of railroad since January. 1871.
and the "prodigious investments in
other productive works" "An immense
conversion" it said. "of floating into
hNed capital has been going on
20 Sliinmarlze The period after the
tiFt War tnere seems 20 have been
no im7ortant change in conditions un-
tii 1867, when there was a period of
very dull business, but no panic. Then
a recovery set IN which was identified
with railway building and ended in
1S72-1873
German Expansion After 1870
Germany enjoyed several years of
great prosperity in the years follow
ing the end Of the war with Franco
1S70-1871, but here was set Of nm
usual conditions The formation Of
the German Empire from the twenty
hVe states furnished the occasion for
a reorganization OF industry on a scale
suitable 10 the greater territory in
cluded IN the bounds OF the nation
and appropriate to the new position
Oh Germany in world affairs 1t stim-
uiated the imagination and energies
OF the German people. The indemnity
of $1,ooO,O00,Oo0, which was very
large sum Of money in those days, and
factor. 'i"s
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04

eences during the war and anything
faillng short Of the active business Of
those years appears unsatisfactory"
Ia August, 1868, another editorial
apeaks OF dull trade over the world,
stagnant enterprise, plethora of
money nccumuations aud large pur-
chases of our bonds by Germany and
other countries. The Secretary of the
Treasury in December said that Eu-
rope held not less than $3.50, 900 900 of
our bonds and that our debt to Europe
was increasing at the rate of $6O.O00,-
600 to s70,0o0oO0 a year. From 1857
to 1873 the merchandise trade balance
was steadily against the United States.
Commercial failures In the Northern
states from 1864 to 1868 were as fol-
lows:
Isst. ...... $3.50 asolssr ........ ssesls. ono
'sSS' ,se, 62s ooo s6s........ 672l5 300
~ From This time times grew better.
The crops Of leeS were good, and an
era OF railway building was under way.
and with it the building Of new towns
!5 ana opening of new territory. Railway
mileage completed, by years, from 1866
to 1878 was as follows:
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04

N VVh iVdt
Last week. before before.
r.s.g. s24,s5 900 s2e,ss2, 900 S 6, ,4a2 900
RTrs. 6,839,000 1857 ,ooo 3.es8o0o
Obs. 14,347.0o0 1881 900 1858 900
All k. 46,oa7,ooo 4s.eao,ooo 27 7.26s, 600
January to date:
New-York tribune., 1918-11-04
Prices in the Civil War and Af+.x

IN May, 1869, according to the mag
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13

Martin Turnbull, United States I'm
migrant Inspector. after an absence
Of four years returned Tuesday to re-
side permanently. Mr.. Turnbull as
here during the week. 81 am glad to
breathe the salubrious air of Pasca
goula again. | am charmed to greet
the good and loyal people of the
famous old seaside resort; am amaz
ed over the industrial development
that has taken hold of the great central
port of the South, designed by nature
to distribute the maritime commerce
of the Gulf of Mexico; | am pleased to
find a spirit of thrift and genuine CO.
operation among the artisans, laborers
and managers of the various shipbiuld-
ing corporations, so essential for the
success of all new enterprises. I'm
provements follow as necessary
civic condition" continued Mr.. Turn
bull. "In the very near future perfect
sanitary and living conditions shall
prevail under the supervision of one
of the strongest departments, the
Public Health and Marine Hospital
Service. have seen and witnessed
the work of the trained surgeons and
helpers in the progressive city OF
New Orleans-a complete eradication
of vermin, offal and waste. Unity,
harmony and civic pride spells a
Greater Pascagoula"
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13

More than 500 penalties for violation
or rules and regulations governing
licensed dealers in food stuffs have
been imposed during the past 10
months by the Food Adminstra ton.
About $50 companies and individuals
have been ordered to quit business in
licensed commodities for limited or
unlimited period, and over 500 have
voluntarily made money payment
usually to the Red Cross, or have tenn
ness rather than risk calling down
more drastic penalties.
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13
SUITS $500 DOWN, $500 A WEEK.;
$780, COWGILL.
-W.S.S

AS result of the studies at the
front, methods have been developed
whereby more than so per cent of the
wounded, who originally remained at
the military hospitals for months, are
now cured and returned to the forces
in three or four weeks. In order that
Army surgeons stationed at camps,
cantonments, and other military hos
pitfalls in this country may thoroughly
understand the latest treatment of war
wounds, the Army Medical Department
has had established special classes of
instruction to which are sent selected
officers who, upon completion of their
courses, return to their own hospitals
and instruct other surgeons in these
methods.
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13

Fifty pairs Of socks and numerous
other articles have been knitted for
the Red Cross by Mrs. Connie Owens,
rs years old, of Macon, Miss.
Back in the sixties. Mrs. Owens
worked for those other soldiers.
Besides knitting socks, Mrs. Ownes
has made mittens and wash rags and
has taught her younger Red Cross as
sociates to knit.
Figuring the minimum of time nee
essary to knit regulation sock Mrs.
Owens has devoted at least sixty
twelve-hour days to knitting socks
since she started last August.
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13
w

More than $1,000 masters. officers
and seamen on American merchant
vessels traversing the war zones have
heen insured by the United States
Government. This insurance totals
more than s115,0OO.000. Claims I'M
der the insurance are so far a little
more than $1S0,000.
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13

More than 100000 tons of cereal
foodstufs were shipped to the allies
from North America during May ac-
cording to the Food Administration.
April shipments were more than $780,
600 tons.
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13

Mr.. w. j. Lindinger was the week
end guest of Mr. and Mrs A. l..
Staples at Biloxi.
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1918-07-13

Mr.. Hermes Gautier OF Biloxi was a
business visitor to Pascagoula Wed
nesday.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

busy, but made an effort to unite the
new German style of dramatic express
sion with the old French conceptions
Of elegance and clarity. He himself
said "conciseness" also, but after hear
ing this opera it is not possible to say
that he successfully pursued this ideal.
He wanted, he said, to follow the great
German in his symphonic treatment of
themes, but he did not believe it neces-
sary to shuttle off all the old formulas;
and so he gave the world an opera in
which there is some orchestral play
with typical phrases typical only from
the most arbitrary point Of view, except
the military signals borrowed from the
French and German military codes)
and as much of the familiar sentiment
tai melody style as Gounod or his mas
ter, Massenet, ever INDUCED. Nothing
IN the dramatic situations of the opera
which has story calculated to keep
nerves and emotion on a tension and
the mind on qui vive from beginning
to ends permitted to interfere with
the composers desire to write set
piece of music whenever he feels like
1t. Even sentinel on guard over a
man condemned to death sings yards
OF tune about home, mother and sweet
heart with the nonchalance Of the
tommy Atkins who steps out Of the
sentry box IN Gilbert and Sulliyan's
operetta; though Bruneau's sentinel
gets slit in his windpipe for his
pains, which he never would have in
vlted had be behaved like a real soldier
instead of an operate marionettc.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

has told how he wept when he eo,,-
posed the last pages. Then, curiouslv
analyzing his feelings, he discovered
that he had come toessociate the char.
acter of Hermann with a friend ub.
was destined to sing the part whsn
his work was brought out at the I'm.
perial Opera, at st. Petersburg, in 1890
"Pique Dame" brought curiously IA
mind the eclectic character of the nm
sic of the Russian school. The indi.
vidual note in it is undeniable. II ;s
amazing that so modern a composer as
Tschaikowsky could find such varied
and eloquent dramatic accents withou.
once poaching on Wagner's preserves
He makes the frankest kind of excur.
sions into Mozartian fields in the in.
termezzo which interrupts the action
of the second act, yet provides delight
full recreation and refreshment. There
were many enigmatic things about
Tschaikowsky. Many of his self-ac-
cusations are not to be taken serious
ly, and, no doubt, much of his life was
hidden even from his intimate friends
In one of his letters written from
Florence, where he composed "Pioue
Dame" he said that he had stolen the
beginning of its music from Napraw.
mix; yet that composer was unable TO
find out what and where the altered
offerings were. Yet Tschaikovsky
never seems to have mentioned that
the pastoral interlude is almost pure
Mozart
There are other archaic touches
which come with a pleasurable SHOCK
to the knowing in this music. Thus.
after Pauline has sung a beautiful
romance in the second act for the
delectation Of her friends, she de-
plores its melancholy mood and pro-
poses song from the steppes, in which
they join. 1t is "Maschenks," folk
song, which is reproduced with fine
preservation of its native manner and
spirit. Again, when the old Countess,
returning from the ball, rails at the
decadence of social manners since the
days of her youth, when counts and
dukes were at her feet in Paris, she
recalls that once, in the palace of the
Prince de Condo, she sang a romance
for the King of France, and she sings
it, repeating it again in rnurmur as
she falls asleep. 1t is the air from
Gretry's Orchard Ceur de Lion be-
ginning "Je Grains de lu parler Ia
mutt" But all these ingenious and
gracious devices are of small accoun.
compared with the dramatic music in
the voice of Tschaikowsky when the
issue has been joined, and he tells Of
the emotions Of Hermann and the luck
less Lisa. Not only in his orchestra
ton, which is admirable throughout,
but in his themes and their develop.
ment he discloses a genius for ORA
matte expression which is remarkable
and for which not even his symphonies
and symphonic poems had prepared us.
The opera was splendidly sung and
beautifully staged, under the direction
of Herr Mailer, who had brought i.
forward, at the Court Opera, in Vienna,
in December, 1902, when Mr.. Slezak
also took part in the performance
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-10-13

What is most admirable in Bruneau's
opera is the effectiveness of it's musical
defamation. This is in the best sense
French, and the composer did not need
to explain it, as he did years ago in
London, by telling how he had hit upon
the device by speaking his text loudly
and noting the natural infections of
his voice prompted by his emotions.
Such infections were the beginning of
all emotionalized speech, and one of the
inventors of the operate form, Caccini.
told us how he had studied and utilized
them more than three centuries before
bruneau was born. The opera. as has
been said, has a fine story, which was
we'll put together by the librettist. but
is made too diffuse for good dramatic
erect by the composers Willingness to
be sentimental musician The plot
deals with short tale of lola, fam
tasy based on the Franco Prussian war
OF 1870. Flamand, who is betrothed to
the daughter of French mill owner
helps to defend the mill against an at.
tack of the Russians. He is non
combatant, and therefore is sentenced
to death by the Prussian captain. but is
offered chance to save his life in 70
tlfn Tor service to the enemy. He
refuses. His fancee suggests his es.
cape by the murder of the sentinel who
Is set to guard him and puts the muir
derous knife into his hands. He usts
1t successfully, but his prospective
1ather-ln-law, the mill owner, is made
a victim in his stead. lie is ~ willing
VICTIM having the happiness OF his