Bisbee daily review., 1918-03-24
CORRECT FABRICATION
 IS VITAL FACTOR IN
 OPERATION OF MOTOR
By p. R. MELcHERT, Automobile Engineer of the Standard
 Oil Company

Oil Company
 We know that correct fabrication IS ! the most vital factor in the operation
 of a motor car. During this cold weath CT We find that our motor cars do moi respond as quickly as is the case dur
 ing the summer Lubricating oil is partly responsible fer this condition | This annoyance of a sluggish and in efficient motor can be largely eliml mated by the use of the correct oil.
 For correct cold weather lubrica tion the cold test Of a motor oil is 8
 most important feature Upon it de
 pends very largely the flexibility. pow CT developed. fuel consumption, ano year and tear of the motor
 The cold test of an oil is the lowest
 temperature at which it will flow; for instance, if an oil has a cold test Or
 3 degrees, it will pour at that tenn perature and become solid at about degrees lower.
 Oils that congeal when the weather is at freezing point, or al 32 degrees F., are not suitbale for fabrication dur ing cold weather because the resist ence offered to the sheeroing of the film is high, for we learn that the
 value of a lubricating oil depenGs
 upon its fluidity at the temperatures at which it is used; that is, fluid oil
 or one having a good cold test (prefer
 ably zero) will offer very much less resistance to the sheering of the film
 than a thick or sluggish oil or one
 which has a pcor cold test and is In
 the condition of jelly in the crank case.
 We know that all gasoline engines start hard in cold weather, because the fuel does not vaporiZe as readily at that time as it does during warm
 weather, taxing the batteries to their limit. If poor cold test lubricatins oils are used, the additional power necessary to turn the motor over Is
 very materially increased. which means rapid draining of the batteries
 and consequently expensive upkeep. Again, if an oil of poor cold test Is used or one that congeals in the oiling system during these cold mornings, IL will not lubricate the motor correctly because it is too thick or sluggish to
 pass between the close fitting bear ! inss. and if used in a motor which is pdElll UT MuOlil luDi ANdNSu ny SbAN.''- this oil will not be splashed to the cylinders, pistons and wrist pins III sufficient quantities to insure ade ouate fabrication until the motor has | been run from 15 to 30 minutes and i the temperature of the motor has | thinned the oil down, during which i time excessive wear of the moving parts is taken place. which means noi only expensive adjustments and re pairs, but also excessive fuel consump tion, and q sluggish and inefficient motor.
 This also applies to fOrce-fed oilint systems, for oils of poor cold test offel considerable resistance to the passing
 Of the oil through the pipes and hol | lew crank shaft to the bearings, ant
 the oil does not circulate freely
 enough until it has thinned down.
 Another condition which shows tho
 ineffciency of poor cold test oils verl plainly to the operator is the neces
 sity for frequent gear shifting.
 Eastern refineTs and motor car man ufacturers recommend light oils fol winter and medium oils for summer fabrication. realizing that oils of pooi cold test cannot be used successfully
 during cold weather. They are com pelled to do this because light east
 ern oils have better cold test thar
 medium bodied eastern oils.
 Motor oils correctly manufactured