New Britain herald., 1918-02-05
BOLO PASHA FACES
 COURT FOR TREASON
Motion for Adjournment to Se-
 cure Witnesses Refused

The court room was crowded when
 Bolo appeared, but the assembly was
 made up principally of witnesses or
 interested parties, as the general pub-
 nc was excluded 50 far as was possl-
 ble.
 Bolo, accompanied by a fellow de- fendant, Darius Pochere, listened un- moved to the reading of the long inn dictments, which charged him with having maintained communication with the enemy and treason. The
 third defendant, Filippo Cavallini, is under arrest in Italy.
 A conspicuous figure in the court froom was Mme. Bolo, who was sur- rounded by friends who will testify. The state announced that Mme. Joseph Caillaux, wife of former Pre-
 mier Caillaux, whose name. has been mentioned prominently in connection
 with that of Bolo Pasha, was too i'll
 to come into. court, but that M. Gail
 laux would be brought befor the court
 from his cell in the Sante Prison
 whenever he was wanted.
 The indictment charges Bolo with
 having maintained communication
 with the enemy in Switzerland in 1915,
 in Paris the same year-when he re-
 ceived German money from CaVall1Tt1
 to IuILnGT Ine paClIlSL u1OVefIISuC-
 the United States in 1916, when he
 received through Adolph Pavenstedt,
 once head of a New York banking
 house, and the Deutsche bank, Ger
 man money to influence French news
 papers and with advancing money to the director of the Paris Journal
 AS soon as tho indictment had been read Bolo's counsel moved for an ad- { journme lent, arguing that many wit nesses for the defendant, as well as l some of his accusers arc in allied or 1 neutral countries, but their presence 1 would be possible by extradition or otherwise. He mentioned particularly Director of the Royal Bank of Canada l Pignate1 and Pavenstedt, one of Bolo's 1 chief accusers. He said it would be 1 easy to obtain the 1atters testimony, because he is interned in the United l States and could be extradited with out difficulty Counsel likewise de- manded that witnesses in Spain be produced and that even the ex-khe- dive of Egypt, who is in Constantine ple, could be brought to Paris, since no formal state of war exists between France and Turkey.
 The state replied that telegrams have been sent to each of the wit nesses, but none has answered. The 1 states counsel added that Pavenstedt, l the ex-khedive and the latter's min ister, Youssuf Saddik Pasha, could ap- pear only in the role of accusers, which would be unnecessary, as the 1 state has sufficient evidence.
 After brief deliberation, the court unanimously denied the motion to ad iourn. Then the act of accusation de- tailing Bolo's life wa. read.
 Tn gins to trial Paul BolO or l Bo1o Pasha, the French government is endeavoring to disrupt the whole system of German intrigue and propaganda in France which in the spring of 1917 became so bold and effective as to threaten to defeat Frances effort to carry on the war
 Bolo's case has been defined as but one of Q series of inter-related in cidents in the German effort to or ; ganize a propaganda of depression and Encouragement among the civilian leaders and soldiers of France. These involved not only Bo1o. the so-called 'Ievantino f1nan- 1 ( cier," but also Joseph Caillaux, 9 former premier of France, one of more members of the French Cham Der of Deputies, and several French n newspapers. These newspapers are alleged to nave Dccn SuDSlulEed Dy ! German money to spread abroad in France a spirit of "defeatisn1'', a be- lief that there was no hope of beat ing Germany and that France should make haste to accept the best terms possible.
 As Bolo's connection with the scheme wa. tho first startling devel- in uncovering the plot his name has since been applied to tho whole system of German propaganda in France and the new word "Bolo- ism" was coined.
 In the attempt to bribe French statesmen and leaders, and to inf1u- { @nce French opinion by subsidizing her newspaper. or founding new pub- lications to disseminate the spirit of pacir-m or defeat, it has been charged that Germany devoted 8 sum of money ranging up to or even ex- ceedng 10,000,000 marks. Bo1o, himself, is said to have had the use i of g. fund of $1,6s3,O0O, chiefly if press In what way the remainder of the corruption fund was expended had not been made clear up to the beginning of 1918.
 Partial uncovering of the plot has resulted not only in the arrest of Ceil7aux and Bolo but in driving out of office of Louis J. Malvy formerly French minister of the interior, in the arrest of several editors of the :, newspaper Bonnet Rouge and it's on the ground that it had been subsidized to preach paci7cism :, in the interest of Germany. One of :, the Bonnet Rouge's editors who threatened to make sensational dis closures was found strangled in his cell before he had a chance to re-