The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1918-12-02
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black and piercing; their sharpness. the
rapidly and keenness with which they
darted from one object to another. TAX
ing in apparently everything with a few
lightning like g~lanCes. signRltZed cum
ming. remorselessness. and selfishness
10 an extreme degree. Even his laugh,
which disclosed all his white teeth, was
unpleasant and animal-like. His black
hair and black beard, contrasting with
his pale face, only heightened this i'm
preston. At first Djemals figure
seemed somewhat insignificant-he was
understood, almost stumpy. and some
what stoop-shouldered. as soon as he
began to move, however, 1t was evident
that his body was full of energy. When
ever he shook your hand, gripping you
with a Vise-like grasp and looking at
YOU with those rowing. penetrating eyes,
the mans personal force became i'm
preSsiVe.
was not surprised to hear Djemal was
a man with whom assassination and
judicial murder were all part of the
days work. Like all the Yung Turks
his origin had been extremely humble.
He had Joined the committee of union
and progress In the early days, and
his personal power, as well as his re-
lentlessness, had rapidly made him one
Of the leaders. Alter the murder of
Nazim, DJemal had become military
governor OF Constantinople, his chief
duty in this post being to remove from
the scene the opponents OF the ruling
powers. This congenial task he per-
formed with great skill, and the reign
Of terror hat resulted was largely
D1emals handlwork. Subsequently
Dtemal became a member OF the cabl-
net, but he could not work tremendously
..I.L Lie aannnfnfaSs hn uya ALWAYS n
troublesome partner. In the days pre-
ceding the break with the entente he
was popularity regarded as a Franco
phile. Whatever feeling DJemal may
have entertained toward the entente,
he made little attempt to conceal ms
]detestation Of the Germans. 1t Is salu
that he would swear at them In thelr
presence-in Turkish, Of course; and ne
was one of the few important turkish
officials who never came under thelr
influence. The fact was that D1emal
| represented that tendency which was
RAPIDLY gaining the ascendancy IN
| Turkish policy-pan-Turkism. lie de-
| spised the subject peoples of the otto
man country-Arabs, Greeks, Armen-
ians. Circassians, Jews; 1t was his de-
termination to Turkify the whole I'm
plre. His personal ambition r0ught
him into frequent coDfllct win Envea
and Talaat, who told me many tllnes
| that they could not control him. 1t was
for this reason that, as l nave said,
they we're glad to see him go-not that
they really expected him TO Gapture
the Suez canal and drive the Engilsh
out Of Egypt, incidentally thls appo 1,o
ment fairly indicated he incongrmous
organization tina then existed In Tur-
kew. AS minister of marine, D1emaIs
zeal place was at the navy department
instead Of working in his official fleld
the head Of the navy was sent 10 lea1
$500 49, -nl GondQ nT
an army over the burning saluS Vi
SYRIA and Sinai. -
Turkeys most spectacular attempt 70
assert its military power against tue
allies, As Djemal moved out OIL tue
station, the whole Turkish populace lelt
that an historic moment a arIlTeu.
turkey in less than acentury had losI
the greater part Of her dominlons,
nothIng had more panied the national
nride than the Englnsh occupation OF
fcgvpt. All during this ~occupatlon,
Turkish suZerainty had been recoghlzeu,
as soon as Turkey declared war ~
Great Britain, however, the British nau
enSed this fiction and had formally
taken over this great province; D1emsIs
%eynedition was Turkeys reply to TINS
ACT OF England. The real purpose o.
the war, the Turkish people had peeh
told. was to restore the vanishing en-
pire Of the Osmans and TO this greae
unuoI."T sha first step' The Turks also
knew that, under English adminlstra-
ton, Egypt had become a prospetous
country and that 1t would therefore,
weld great treasure to the conQuefol
II is no wonder that the huSzahs OF
me same time Enver left TO
taLe command of Turkeys other great
military enterprise-the attack on Hus.
sia through the Caucasus, Here aIso
were turkish provinces to be re
Eey had been compelled to cede 10
Russia certain rich territories between
the Caspian and the Black sea, lnhaplt-
I'D chiefly by Armenians, and II was
this country which Enver now Pro,
posed to ~reconquer' i Sue H1 He went
away quietly and unobserved. WITT
the departure Of these two men the
war was now fairly on.
Despite these martial enterprises
other than warlike preparations "e a
now under way IN nart Of is14H
ita external characteristics suggested
nothing but war, yet now 1t suddenly
hecams the great headquarters o.
peace. The English fleet was con,
stantly threatening the D~ardanelles anc
every day Turkish troops. were pass
,nS through the streets. Yet these &C
t]iv,ties did not chiefly engage the at
tention of the German embassy, wan
senheim was thinking Of n thing ant
Of one thing only; this fire-eating Ger
mar had suddenly become a man o
neace, For he now learned that TN
preatest service which a German am
6assador could render his empero
would be to end the war on terms ina
would save Germany from exhaustion
and even from ruin; to obtain a set
Element that would reinstate MS father
land in the society Of nations, -,
In November Wangenheim began dis
: GUESSING this subject. It was part Q
Cermany's system, he told me, not onl
to be completely prepared for war bu
aIao for peace. "a wise general, Whe
: he begins his campaign, always mas q Z
3 hand his plans for a retreat, In case n
ia defeated," said the German ambassa
dor ."This principle applies Just tn
: same TO a nation beginning war. Ther
4 ia only one certainty about warDah
\ tbat is that 1t must end some tint
s So, when we plan war we r mus. 'o
q nut Wangenheim was Interested the
n Ia something more tangible than tn
: nhilosophic principle, Germany had IN
o ,naSath reasons for desiring the end
hostIlitIes and Wangenheim discuss
them frankly and cynically' ne sa
mat Germany had prepared for only
abort war, because she had expected
crush France and Russia in two bri
10 campaigns. lasting not longer than 8
months, Clearly this plan had tail'
d md there was little likelihood that Ge
l. MANY would win the war; Wangenhei
$: told me this in so many words. &c
d ,nary he added. would make a gre
u Mistake IL she persisted in fighting q
X war to exhaustion, for such a rig
would mean the permanent loss OF II
lg colonies, her mercantile marine and n
le ,hoia economic and commercial statu
II TT we don't get Paris in 80 days.
te are beaten" Wangenheim had told T
!. In August. though his attitude chang
:. somewhat after the battle OF the MAI