davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1918-09-09
ALLIES CAPTURE SEVEN
MORE TOWNS TOrAy
British and French Find Slows
Strong Opposition Which But
Can't Stoy Advance.
nv Associated press 10 Rvcry sntpe

3g Azetcjatsd Press tu Fvcry F."ntDg
London Sept Q. 20 p. m
French troops nov hold the Irozat
canal virtually along It's whole length.
They are only four miles from -.
Quentin and their cavalry patrols
are close TO la Fere.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

efficiency of the department is to be
destroyed or abused"
And in this matter Mayor Hylan
should be able to sympathizc with Mr..
Brown on one account at least. namely,
the difficulty Of dismissjng employees
is now experiencing the same difficulty
in proving charges, whether justly or
unjustly made, that Mr.. Brown en-
countered when he tried to eliminate
dishonest employees of his department.
And by the way, one of the Fulton
Market "fsh barons" recently volun
teered the statement that while the
Board of Health might be thought un-
necessarily severe in some cases, in
spectors no longer held out their hands
as they had under previous admins
trations. The inspectors were honest!
The successful fastening Of a graft
charge on food department is one Of
those consummations that may be
hoped for at any time. Every one
knows the many opportunities for graft
that exist. But in this case the charge
of graft, brought after every other
charge failed, is singularly unconvnc-
ing. Happily, the record of the present
Director of Food and Drugs is not such
as to offer much hope of a successful
campaign against him in this direction.
Lucius P. Browns two faults are that
he was not born in Brooklyn, or even
in New York, and that he is an expert.
overalls and who performs simple
tasks such as detecting food adultera-
ton and analyzing drugs by scientific
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
DR.. Harris 8 Bureau
Favored by Workers

DR.. Harris's Bureau of Preventable
Diseases is the idol of the working
classes, and why not? 1t covers in
dustrial hygiene the SPECIAL protection
of the workingman from the dangers
OF his surroundings and labors. and the
providing of nurses in homes where
tuberculosis or other infectious dis
eases call for expert care that cannot
be afforded, and th& removal of the sick
for hospital care This bureau comes
indeed close to Mr.. Hylan's chosen
people, the working class, and they
know it.
James P. Boyle. former president of
the Brooklyn Central Labor Union.
which as body supported Hylan.
spoke vigorously:
Mayor Hylan's attempt to abolish
the bureaus is entirely unJustified. AS
a labor man | am most concerned over
the Bureau of Prevcntablc Diseases.
Tho Brooklyn Central Labor Union
supported Hylan in the campaign, en-
pecting him TO stand by the Health
Department. The Labor Sanitation
Conference induced the administration
last year TO appropriate over 100000
for this bureau, because it felt that
there was much work for it to do. I'm
der Dr.. Harris this bureau has grown
until it now occupies position of
great Importance, and working people
especially appreciate its work.
"But Hylan is not going to get away
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
Hylan Raid on Health Board
Stirs Up Storm of Criticism
Federal Public Health Officials
Declare Experts Are Necessary

XX7ASHINGTON, April 20surgeon the United
had passed when inferior could handle big
which confront Health Department officials
cialy trained sa could efficient said
I'm the present action that would
the efficiency Of local health certainly deplored
The efforts of all public health country
during have been the direction securing
trained and experienced men for the important health
work we'll trained and efficient laboratory
OF the essential factors city health
In the larger and industrial
lens their relation have constituted i'm
consideration than these production
along lines absolutely essential The
not only the fighting forces but the entire civil population
we'll, is a wartime problem of the greatest moment"
Surgeon General Goras the Army Corps his
example of the necessity striving
health of the ma
tion's armies. He said
The policy of the Medical Corps has always surround the
general his with specially
qualified their special branches hygiene the high
est character attainabe
brought Department services of Dr.
Rosenau eminent sanitation New York
fortunate securing of great anment Dr.
example
"The general tendency the larger municipalities
specially public The day has
do the santa
tion public health science necessary"
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

Another food veteran who con-
demns Hylan's attack on the Health
Department in caustic terms is DR.. C..
F. Chandler, one of the most competent
Health Commissioners New York has
ever had. He called the proposed in
reference with the Board of Health
IAN outrage that should not be
tolerated." During his twelve years
service as president Of the Board of
Health, from 1872 to 1884, civil service
examinations for all employees were in
stituted, and politics were kept out Of
the Department.
"No language is too strong to de-
nounce Mayor Hylan's prospective i'll
declared Dr. Chandler. at should not
be tolerated. The removal of experts,
whose work has been so beneficial TO
the city, would not only be too alb
surd for words, but serious menace
to the efficiency of the Department.
If Mayor Hylan has his way the people
of New York City are bound to suffer
for it. 1t is too bad that an attempt
should be made to bring politics into
the Department to clog it's efficiency.
Strenuous efforts should be made to
make the Mayor keep his hands off
this perhaps most important of city
departments.
During my administration, when
Tammany was in its glory and the
city was run by some--well- daring
officials, no interference with the
Board Of Health was even attempted"
continued DR.. Chandler. "These men
did nearly everything else, but they
dared not force politics upon the
Health Department or dictate who
should and who should not be the
men in Office. We were immune from
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

methods instead of through political
common sense"
Mr.. Brown was chosen by compcti-
tive examination out of sixty candi-
dates for his position. He had been
Tor seven years Il militant Food Com
missioner Of Tennessee in the pioneer
days of the movement and was rcap.
pointed by Democratic, Fusion and Re-
publican governors alike. At frs. the
state food service there was lodged in
his own private laboratory and CON
Quoted with an appropriation Of 81 900
yearly for expenses. At last he wag
enforcing the food law, two liquor laws,
an anti-narcotic law and the weights
and measures statute Yet with all
this opportunity to observe him no
enc in Tennessee or anywhere else dis
covered any instinct for graft in Or.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

with it. Workers generally recognize
mat he has been listening 10 io' Us
taxpayers bunk. The bureaus OF ',ie
Health Department are all vital TO 'as
interests Of the workers
John F. Cough.in, president Of the
Brooklyn Central Labor Union. SAID
Nothing doing on secret hearings.
The public has right to know ]uss
what is happening. Until | know las
iacts can express no opinion on Nay,
Hylan's action, and the Central Lapv'
Union takes the same stand. The UNION
mas been trying 10 get the facts, pu'
without success. SO far as my eApe.'-
once goes the bureaus are very SAFE
factory. They are doing good WORK
samuel Squibb. OF the lnternatiohS'
Granite Cutters, said:
Il am not in favor of Mayor hyisn
proposal TO abolish the bureaus, W.
so lar as the work of the bureaus %
Soncerned, | can speak for only one.
that conducted by Dir, Harris, Iof!hs
~ the Bureau OF Industrial Hyelsall,
but now the Bureau of Prevensao''
Diseases.
II am whole heartcdly in symts;s
thy with DR.. Harris, and | thihh ~
work is entitled to the highest pfa.s.s.d
The only man approached who sesmro M
ignorant on the subject ana hsu .;,h
opinion to express was Alfred T. on".~
president OF the Board OF AldeI'ssso sasont
Pm not going to say anything asv,t snnt
it, said Mr.. Smith. because The
know anything about it. nav > haut
use of asking me TO say anythihs I
something ] know nothing aoous ,,;,h
don't want to have anything to DO w.
it," .ny
Neither do we. Neither does .A;sf. III
ore interviewed. Neither. we 'sh;nf Wf
will Mr.. Hylan want to have any, any.;sr
to do with it on further considefss'S-,,s &
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

spected and pasteurized milk at
70 cents quart, but those who
have little money will live or die
according as they are protected by
public health work or given over
to the results of .careiessness and adul.
teratiOn.
"The first really effective inspection
OF milk was started in 1901. Milk
controls the summer death rates Of
infants. During August, 1905. there
were 1862 deaths Of infants, which
means n rate Of 228 per 1000 popu-
lation; in August, 1917, there were
1854 deaths--alratc of 1927 per 1000
population. II We 20 back to the
methods of twenty years ago, think
how the babies will die In August of
19ls."
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

all interference and did our work har-
moniously, selecting and employing the
best men we could find for the various
bureaus"
DR.. II. M. Painter, Of the Collcre
of Physicians and Surgeons, pays trib
ute, too, to the achievements of this
department.. He says: "As far as the
city health is affected by foods and
markets. Lucus P. Brown has inaupu-
rated Il now era. Everything he has
done ia new. and everything he has
done is needed, and doubly needed in
the war emergency. The rich az pro-
tecte, in II measure. from the results
of adulteration and carelessness in food
inspection by the high priced dealers
who serve them, but the large major
ity OF the population arc dependent
upon what is done for them by the city
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

Brown or any reluctance on his part
to uncover iniquity in his department
Perhaps this only proves how slow
they are in Tennessee, or else how
hard the Mayor has had to hunt to
find an excuse for attacking a depart
ment of health that stands first in the
United States, and perhaps in Europe
as WE'LL for its record of progress, SER
vice and scientific attainment.
1t IS perhaps in the inspection of
milk that the Food Bureau now under
fire of the Mayors big gun has won
its most signal victory. In this work
it cooperates with the Bureau of Child
Hygiene and its fifty-nine milk stations
to lower the death rates Of little ones
in New York, and shares with it the
proud record that shows a reduction
in deaths of babies of 26 per cent for
the last five years, as compared with
the preceding five. This one piece of
work should save the Food Bureau if
it had no other claims.
Every mother anchors to the advice
Of Dr. L. Emmett Holt. His little
green book on the care and feeding of
children is the Baedeker of the home.
This veteran child specialist-directo
of the Babies Hospital and Professor
of Pediatrics at Columbia-pays his
respects to Mayor Hylan's plan in
these words:
eff the Bureau of Foods and Drugs
is interfered with and the inspection
of milk relaxed the poor mans child
will die next summer. The children
of the rich will be given specially in
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
Cost Would
Be Multiplied

In any event, it must be clear that
the work performed by bureaus is es-
sential. The result, therefore, of any
attempt to perform it along borough
lines must inevitably be not to effect
an economy, but to multiply that cost
five times.
"Thc work of the Department of
Health is charged with too vital a duty
to be made the object of political COM
promise or Cancellation such as is in
volved in the cry for borough auton-
omy"
! But these are all the opinions of ox-
perts-and experts do not stand hirh
with Mayor Hylan. He was chosen
especially to represent the working
class and the working class hereto
fore seem vigorously to have supported d
nm; But they were most emphatic in
condemning his proposed action in the
matter of the Board of Health.
=. G. Ryblcki, 4 we'll known Labor
leader and member of the executive
committee OF the Labor Sanitation Con
terence OF Greater New York, speaks
first:
II am very much disappointed at this
contemplated change in the Health De-
partNent by Mayor Hyian," says Mr.
Rybicki, after what he promised be.
fore his election, the men of the labor
unions Of New York voted for uylan
practically to man. and if he makes
the changes in the Board of Health he
seems to be going to make they will be
greatly disappointed in him.
"ln view OF tho recent apportionmcn
of over 100000 for the Labor Sanita'
tlon Conference to better working con.
ditions of the working people, We arc
very much surprised that the Mavo,
would consider the abolition of the verv
bureaus that are doing such good worj,
along these lines. 1t is imperative that
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
Programme of Work
Service and Play

And they are not contented with
merely making airplanes. In their
spare moments they run their Red
Cross units, sell bonds and thrift
stamps. roll bandages and knit. There's
4 social service department for the
girls. the programme of which includes
dancing, baseball and parties, but these
things suffer if there's war JOB on
hand, whether it's official STANDARD
work or not. This unwritten law ap'
plies to the girls of the clerical force
as we'll as to the factory workers, ana
the president of the corporation is still
proudly telling the story of certain
Sunday in February when the clerics
girls worked cheerfully all day and al al
night through to get out the months
report for the men waiting for 1t down
at Washington.
There are those who say that ar
planes aren't coming forth fast enough
that the air programme is much pc.
hind in the United atates, but so isf
no one has blamed it on the girls thse
make the machines. And nobody neeos
TO, for even a Senator would be IN
pressed if he should iaunt out to ti'3.
abeth some day and see them at theh
work. They may not wear silk stoes,,
lngs, but they're on the job, aio
greater love for his country has no man
than this
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
SkiNul "Airesses in New jersey
Towns Busy With Wings and
Framework for War Machines

1t might be supposed that ths,.
workers In the newest of war indus.
tries, producing the craft for the mo,,
picturesque service in the war h.y.
romantic sense of their job that the
woman who turns out shells or cor
trldges might lack. There is a noam
dedicated to the "airess" which asts
her. impertinently enough, what she ;s
thinking about with those biz h,ne
eyes, and which surmises that tba
aforementioned eyes are following the
flight of the plane against the French
sky, and so on. But the aero girls at
Elizabeth and Plainneld have not time
to stop and consider the romantic AZ.
poets of their job. They're too busy,
they say, to do anything in the nine.
hour day but work.
A certain taffy-haired Hedwie. for
example, was asked why she chose to
work at Elizabeth.
II wanted yob," she said simply.
and turned to her propeller again.
Also She Wore
An American Flag
On her apron was tiny American
flag, however, that belied the stolid
materialism of her reply. Hedwig had
wanted job, it was discovered later,
but her brother had read about the air
service and recomm ended the factory
to Hedwig.
Might as well be helpin' some," she
lad agreed, and gone into it.
Most of the girls making airplsnes
are doing it because they wanted Job,
too. They did not flock to the Stand
ard to the notes of martial music ap.
plying for work in the name of patriot
ism. Some of them came because they
lived near by and the trip was an easy
and pleasant one. Some of them liked
the Si1 or s13 or SIS that the factory
offered. Some drifted in because the
plant was new and shiny and they were
sick Of their old tiresome Jobs in their
old dark rooms. And for all these
reasons they are entering the plant
every day, and as the president Of the
corporation says he'll take all the CON-
petent girls he can get. they're likely
to keep on entering ali summer long.
Once in. they do not roll their eyes
and talk about their country in solemn
tones. They simply sit down with the
needle or the hammer or the brush and
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

laxing of its effectiveness at this time
would be deliberate courtlng of cpl
denies of scarlet fever, meningitis,
measles. pneumonia and tuberculosis,
especially in view of the fact that New
ork is now point of embarkatlon
ana an concentratlon for large numbers
OF soldiers and sailors from all parts
of the country.
New York s Health
Department Famous -
The one thing for which, through
out all its changes Of administration,
New York has been consistently famous
is the work of its Department of
Health, not only as a department of
health, but as centre for scientific
research and the treatment Of individ-
ual diseases specially diphtheria," :"
said DR.. Henry Mcmahon Painter. "And
scientific research and its results have
done more for the poor than can ever
be told. If the Health Board had not
maintained it's laboratories the chill
dren Of tho poor never could have had
cultures taken to learn whether they
had diphtheria, and to prevent their
spreading it among others If the
Health Board had not made and dis
tributed antitoXins free of charge it
would have been impossible to save
the sick and immunize the we'll from
this terrible disease"
The city needs the most careful and
the most expert regul ulatory inspection
and supervision in order to prevent a
possible echo of the poliomyclitis cpl
demic of two years ago. .aid Major
Harold l.. Emoss, of the Rockefeller
Institute. "The Health Departm mt rem
dered efficient service in this respect
last summer with the most gratifying
results and it would be fatal. indeed,
to relax this supervision or ntrust it
to those not experienced or :rained
along this line.
with the return of our men from
the front, wounded or i'll from disease,
the supervision of the public health,
the safeguarding of the community
from epidemics, and the care of the
men themselves will tax our medical
organizations to the utmost 1t is the
time to extend and elaborate these, not
to destroy them
"It is unquestionably fact that the
trainers of the Board Of Health charter
in 1898 believed that public health
work gould be administered along geo.
graphical borough lines" said Leonard
M. Wallstein: Commissioner of Ac-
counts for the City of New York.
'Fortunately, however, the language
used in The charter did not prohibit
the more efficient administration OF the
board upon a basis of functional organ
ization. This has been the legal opin-
ION, am told of two corporation coun-
sells OF New York City
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21

tor protection, and the results will be
very bad if this is taken away"
When members of the medical fra
ternity were timidly approached for an
opinion they cast aside scruples against
publicity and expressed Willingness to
be quoted in words of derision and
sccrn mixed with doubt and fear on
the possible blotting out of the Bureau
Of Laboratories. 1t simply wasn't
thinkablc! Didn't the Mayor know
that this bureau was doing more direct
work to help win the war than any
other branch Of the city government?
1t is said that thrce-fourths Of the
anti-toxin used by the Allies since war
began has been supplied by the New
York City Board Of Health. Our own
army all over the United States and
abroad is using it's serums and vac
cnes-l00000 doses of tetanus anti
toxin, 10000 dcses of diphtheria anti
toxin, $4,000 anti-menngitis serum and
1000 antipneumona arc a few figures
for the last year.
Listen TO the avalanche Of protest.
beginning with that of Dr. William f.
Studdiford, noted specialist in cyne
cology, who for seventeen years occu
pied various positions in the New York
Board of Hcalth:
The loss Of DR.. Parks laboratory
alone would prove disaster not on1v
to New York City, but to the entire
United States and to our soldiers and
those Of our allies at tho front. Anv
move to destroy any bureau OF the
present Board Of Health would be the
worst kind Of calamity to both poor and
rich" p0'A anu
Dr. Samuel Lambert, dean Of the Col.
lege OF Physicians and Surgeons. en-
phaszed the war need Of the laboratory
work and the special service that food
and drug control renders to the poor.
'rhe danger of epidemics is serious.
with men of our armies constantly pass
ing through the city. There is an
increased necessity now for strict en-
forcement of sanitary regulations and
food control by the best experts that
can be found. The present organiza-
ton of the Health Board is able to
accomplish this work, and any disor-
ganzation, even so slight a one as a
change in the various executives,
would tend to create serious rclaxa
ton IN the effectiveness of the system.
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
Ammunition and Gun
OF Ancient Pattern

The ammunition as well as the gan
was OF antiquated pattern-for in order
TO bring charges against the Bureau
Of Food and Drugs the old johnson
Avenue meat bribery case had TO be
rediscovered, 'redivulged and rehashcd.
let the facts of it remain AZ before:
Lucius P. Brown, Director Of the Du
reau Of Food and Drugs. cooperated
with Leonard NJ. Waldstein, Commis-
sioner OF Accounts, in the investiga
ton and wiping out Of an abuse that
had existed long and secretly before
they knew of it,
The more recent charge Of bribery
Of inspectors by oyster dealers is atill
somewhat a. mystery, but its bearing
en- the Hylan policy Is sufficiently coy
cred by one Of the members Of the
Committee Of Twcnty-onc when he
rays: III there is graft--~afd il is dif-
hcult 10 keep it altogether out of in
spection forces VIC hope they will get
al of the grafters. But they must
rot b SLOWED TO use these graft cases
~ camouSsge under cover Of which the
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
Mayors Attempt to
Disrupt Department
Denounced by Ply
sicians and Labor
Leaders as Menace
to Public Welfare
Rv Anne Lewis Pierce and Marie
de Montalvo

rF THERE is any one in favor OF
Mayor Hylan's plan to dismember
the Health Department and set up
miniature bureaus in the five different
boroughs, he has gone into hiding. he
can't be found. And, judging from
Mayor Hy,an's retreat from one salient
to another, as his position OF attack
is rendered untenable, we doubt II ne
is very enthusiastic about the matter
himself at the present writing.
His original intention was the re-
moval of heads of bureaus. Their ap-
nointments, he claimed, had been lille
gally made, and the civil service was
invoked. But as all the directors were
able to prove that they had passed civil
service examinations, it became obvl-
GUS that to displace them their de-
nartments would have to be destroyed
on the ground that these departments
were not required by the original
charter.
The next idea, then, was to dispense
with all seven bureaus not named IN
the city charter of 1898, which made
only two of them mandatory SAM
tary Bureau and the Bureau OF Rec
ords. DR.. S. Josephine Bakers world
famous work in child hygiene was to
have been wiped out, and DR.. Harrls's
department on preventablc diseases
with the other five, had not publicity
and swift and overwhelming storm OF
public disapproval proved that in these
two cases at least the Mayors intended
course OF action would be a serious
political error.
There is war. Men arc dying IN
Europe. The City of New York's Board
of Health is supplying great part OF
the antitoxins used for the soldiers OF
the United States and our Allies. Yet
Mr.. Hylan wants to abolish the Bu-
reau of Laboratories, under DR.. Will
lam H. Park, where these antitoxlns
are made
New-York tribune., 1918-04-21
There Is d Poem
Dedicated to Her

the work for the prevention of COM
municable diseases among the soldiers
in thu industrla! trenches be continued
without interruption by people who
know what they arc doing"