davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
ANNUAL INVENTORY OF FARM
It Is Absolutely Essential, a Upon It
Is Based Division of One Years
Business.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
At the close of the business year on
the farm, or before a new season be-
gins. every farmer should make an in
ventory of his belongings. In a system
of accounting the inventory is abso-
lutely essential, as upon it is based
the division Of n years business
with another. A farm inventory Is
simply a statement showing what the
land, buildings, equipment, live stock,
supplies and produce on hand are
worth at the time the inventory is
made, together with amount Of cash
on hand and money owing to and owed
BY the farmer. 1t is a list Of farm
property and farm debts. 1t CORE
spends to the "stock taking which
every merchant does periodically.
The uses Of the inventory are i'm
p0rtant and varied. As previously
stated, it is the basis upon which is
built the superstructure of account
ing systems. Taken alone 1t will show
q farmer exactly what he is worth
a&L 500
and will he 2 guarantee OF sclvency
and an aid in securing credits and
loans from the bank in time Of need.
The inventories for two dates q year
apart show whether progress or retro
gression has occurred during the year,
and definitely measure the degree Of
the change.
Taken in conjunction with q cash
account for the year, the inventory
shows how much has been made by
farming and to what extent the per-
sonal and household expenses have
Offset profits. It also gives q much
better insight Into the income pro-
duced BY each farm department, as q
decrease IN inventory value Of hogs,
for instance, may Offset to some ex-
tent what, from the cash account,
looks like q very large income from
that source, or vice versa.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05

'FNI7S'
SHELTER FOR HENS
House Of Appropriate Size, With
Nests, Roosts and Feeding Appli-
ances ls Needed.

.. t. 5HLE"r - r.eT#.'
prepared by the United States Depart
menr Of A%griculture.)
Every flock Of hens needs a suitable
shelter-a coop or house Of appropri-
ate size, furnished with roosts, nests
and appliances for feeding and water
ing. A flock that is to be used for
breeding should also have a yard where
the birds car exercise on the ground
and in the open air. Hens kept only
for eggs for the table may be confined
to their house continuously for as long
a time as ordinary hens are profitable
layers. It is better to give them an
outdoor run, but when space is limited
1t can be dispensed with.
Small locks need a little more floor
space per bird than large flocks, and
birds confined constantly to the house
should have a little more floor space
per bird than others. A coop for six
hens should allow five or six square
feet of floor space for each; q house
for twenty to thirty hens, three OF four
square feet to each. Yards ore usu.
ally planned to give not less than 20
square feet Of land per hen.
Small coops which can be cleaned
without entering them may be built
only three or four feet high. This
height is most comfortable for the
hens. Coops for flocks Of more than
six or eight birds must he of such
height that a grown person can move
about in them. In a low coop the same
opening will answer Tor door and win
dow. In high coops with larger wall
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
THROUGH WILDs OF AFRICA
Trip Recently Undertaken by
Lover Of Adventure.

To travel 1900 miles overland in a
mOtOrcar through the wilds of South
Africa without a mishap is considered
IA remarkable accomplishment, accord
ing to a story In African Motor OF
johannesburg.
In this article r. Asher of Port Eliz-
abeth tells of a successful trip. ''The
roads in this country are notoriously
bad, which makes the feat performed
by the car the more striking" says Mr..
Asher.
The journey took him through Ora
Jamestown, City Of the Saints, Fort
Beaufort and through Bedford, a typi-
cal inland city, and many Of the larger
settlements.
In spite Of transforms and almost
impossible roads no difficulty was e x
perienced throughout the whole trip
aside from tire trouble. Some portions
Of the journey were made at the rate
of 81 miles per imperial gallon OF
gasoline.
Parts of the journey through Mon.
tagu pass and Kyshna hills had to be
negotiated in second speed, yet through
all of this mountainous travel the re.
markable feature was the GOODNESS OF
the motor. Mr.. Asher reported that
no water was put in the radiator from
Oudtshoorn to Port Elizabeth, which
are at opposite sides Of this billy coun'
try.
Describing parts of the trip and com
menting upon the appalling road con-
ditlons in places, Mr.. Asher says that
after plugging and struggling through
almost impossible roads, a river was
encountered which had to be f0rded
1t was necessary to take the plunge
with the car into q swift torrent, sc
deep that he could not open the Col
door. The radiator was partly sub
merged, but the car plowed through
successfully.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
FAVOR SPREAD OF DISEASES
Damp, Poor Ventilated Quarters En-.
courage Such ...i!n,enss as
Roup.

prepared by the United States DEPART
ment Of Agriculture.) .
Cold, damp, poorly lighted and ven
hlated poultry quarters favor the
spread OF such diseases as roup. Such
contagious diseases as these ore diff
cult and sometimes impossible to CON
troll unless given attention in the early
- 81 preventative meas
ures fail, separate sick birds from the
f1ock as soon as there liz evidence of
disease, and then consult expert advice
to effect a cure.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
The Dream and the Business.

ne Dream ana tne BUSINESS
1.-THE Germans thought war was ro-
mantle and glorious" said Brand
Whitlock In q Toledo address. They're
finding it q very sordid and disappoint-
ing business.
1.-THE Germans are In the position Of
the young lady who was asked If her
seaside love affair had been very ro-
mantle.
".RomanticY' she replied. No. Real
istic, rather. Hubert and / each
thought the other val an Immensely
sich swell, and it turns out that he
sollects the monthly installments on
SIR near-silk parlor curtains"
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
The Ignorant Lady.

military ignorance is bound to
show ITSELF" said Representative
woodward in a trenchant criticism Of
the German offensive. "All ignorance
shows itself, for that matter.
u heard a lady talking to g mission
airy the other day about.a Turk.
"sDid the scOundrel wear q tez1'
the missionary asked.
No said sths laaya shasyas 49,
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
MANY ERRORS OF BEGINNERS
Difficult Problems Will Be Presented
Before Success In Any Large
Degree 10 Attained.

(Prepared by the United States Depart.
ment Of Agriculture.}
Beginners IA the poultry business
VIII probably make many mistakes aud
difncult problems will be presented for
ISOLATION before success in any large
Will be attained. As soon as
II is found to be q paying Investment,
more capital may be put into tie plant.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
lay in a Supply of Wood for Fuel and
Help Meet Coal Shortage.

one-half ton Of coal: Yellow buckeye,
black cottonwood, Eastwood, western
red cedar, Alpine fir and E%nglemann
spruce, black willow, balsam fir, SitkN
spruce, aspen and white spruce.
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
WOOD BURNING WILL
AIDFUEL SHORTAGE
Country Districts and Small Vii.
lagos Can Help Greatly.
Government Officials Urge All Farmers
70 Use Wood During War or Ener-
oency Periods-Save Coal and
Transportation.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of A%griculture.)
The coal shortage for next winter,
estimated by the fuel administration
It about 100000 tons, makes it nee
essary that wood should be used to
ave both coal and transportation.
Country districts and small villages are
In position to greatly help coal conser-
vation by burning wood. +.
Farmers now use on their farms 49,
100000 cords Of fuel wood annually.
All farms should use it during the war
or emergency periods, officials urge.
Any kind Of coal stove or furnace
can be used for burning wood in a
pinch. With q careful attention to
drafts and CRATES the change can be
made with little trouble.
On the average, a cord Of wood is
about equal to seven-tenths of a ton
Of coal. Two cords of soft wood are
required to equal q ton Of coal, but q
cord Of wood from a number of we'll
known kinds Of trees will equal a ton
Of coal In heating value, and for three
varieties-osage orange, canyon, live
oak and black locust-a cord has a
higher heating value than a ton Of
coal. Most of the oaks and hickories
rs well as western yew, honey locust,
blue gum, sweet birch and a number
Of others are the equivalent of nine
tenths Of one ton of coal.
The following have a low-heating
value but are approximately equal to
The Bottineau courant. (Bottineau, Bottineau County, N.D.) 1895-1929, 1918-12-05
Turkey Raising on Earn

turkey raising, as ordinarily en-
gagged In. Is q side line upon the ren-
eral farm. For those persons WHO are
favorably situated for raising tur-
Keys, 9 more profitable side line can
hardly be found. Plenty Of range Is
essential to success.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
SAVE MONEY FOR FARMERS
Direct Testimony Showing That the
Woodpecke, Should Be Protected
BY All Aarieulturists. as

We are assured on high authority
that If birds were as numerous today
as they were so years ago it would
mean a saving of many million dollars
to American farmers. The slaughteI
Of migratory birds is surely followed
by the increase of destructive insects,
Among the farmers bird friends are
the woodpeckers. especially the reds
headed members Of the species.
In proof there is cited the following
instance: A pair of them nested in
dead cottonwood tree near an orchard.
One day the observer watched them
through q pair of glasses. The young
birds were about half grown. The
parents made SO trips in one hour.
each time with q worm. 1t is safe to
say that they saved e6 apples In that
hour-a box worth, say 81. If the
birds worked ten hours day, they
were worth SO to the owner Of that
orchard, or, In the three weeks the
birds were in the nest $40. 1t is plain,
then, that no farmer can AFFORD to kill
a woodpecker.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
FAMOUS "FIELD OF BLOOD
Said to Be Spot Judas Purchased
With the Silver for Which He
Sold His Master.

Just outside the walls of Jerusalem,
In the Valley of Hinnom, is a rocky
plain known as the Aceldama or
Field Of Blood. 1t is the potter's field.
purchased with the 80 pieces Of silver
for which Judas sold his master. Here
for centuries visitors TO the holy city,
dying while on their pilgrimage found
a resting place.
Gray and barren, it is a desolate
spot, solitary but for the chance Wis
itor and a few withered gray-clad
monks from nearby monastery. For
a small fee, one Of these ancient re-
cluses will show you the sights of the
place. Caves and underground pas
sages, honeycombed with tombs, are
cut in the rocky field. Your guide
leads you down age-worn steps, cut
perhaps In the sixth century, into
| crumbling halls. His torch casts flick
ering uncanny shadows on the damp
gray walls. The place seems TO re-
sent your intrusion; it is the place
of Sleep" the hall of the dead. On
one side is the tomb of some warrior
monk VINO I0lEONSu IIlG IDIlAHeS VI
Richard Lion Heart of England to the
holy land, dying at the very gates OF
the city his master had hoped to con-
\ quer. He must have died penniless,
too, as so many Of these zealots did,
else his bones had not rested in the
potter's field.
Near Aeeldama is ruined charnel
house, said to have been built by the
Crusaders for their dead. 1t Is a tum.
bling ruin, nearly thirty feet long by
twenty wide, with one side Of makes
rock. Beneath it are two of the larg
est cayerns, their rock sides pieree'
with tombs' and shallow graves. l
the roof Of the ruin are holes throug
which the bodies Of the dead wer
lowered.
The Field of Blood is on the north
eastern slope of the Hill Of EVIL Cour
ell, where tradition says the villa 0
Caiaphas stood, and where the chic
priest and elders plotted the execu
tnn Of Jesus.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02

No shipments of fruit can be made
from Hawaii to the Pacific coast or
unloaded there unless they have first
received federal approval. The fed
eral horticultural board also maintains
a fruit-fy specialist whose duty it is to
gather available information regarding
this pest either by travel in foreign
lands or by correspondence with spe-
cialists serving foreign governments.
Aid From the Public.
Travellers from foreign lands have
been called upon to help 20 the ut
most in seeing that they do not be-
come the carriers of insect pests.
Printed matter calling attention to the
serious consequences that may follow
the careless and unintentionaI intro
duction of fruit flies from Hawaii is
distributed to all persons entering Pa
cific ports from the Hawaiian islands.
Each passenger must sign an affidavit
stating that he has in his baggage no
fruit subject to fruit-hy attack. In
spectors who search the baggage of in
coming travellers for fruits carrying
fruit flies or their maggots find infest-
ed fruit every month. Any one of
these instances if not dealt with
promptly and properly might mean the
loss of thousands or millions of dol
lars to American farmers and fruit
growers.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
EertlIlzera Eronn Wastes

Industrial wastes furnished about 40
per cent of the potash, s per cent Of
the phosphoric acid. and So per cent
of the nitrogen used in this country
in 1916, according TO a recent United
States department of agriculture pub
location, Fertilizers From Industrial
Wastes"
The potash was obtained from such
wastes as tobacco stems, cottonseed
hulls, hardwood ashes, wool washings.-
blast-furnaee fiue dust. cement fiue
dust and sugar residues; the phos-
phoric acid from bones, shells, fish
scrap. basic Stag and other materials !;
and the nitrogen from wastes in the
manufacture of castor. linseed and fish
oils; from animal wastes, as blood,
hair, horns. hoofs and hides; from
leather and wool wastes, coke. and
many other substances.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
Tes,lnu PIeurIsy wlth coins.

A novel method Of diagnosing pleu-
risy is described by P. Lereboullet in
the Paris Medical Journal. The ex-
amlner applies his ear to the patients
chest, closing his other ear, while coins
are clinked at the patients back. The
sound Of the coins coming through q
healthy, normally aerated lung seems
distant and dull, while through an af-
fected lung, through solid or homo
geneous tissue clear, silvery metal
lie ring is heard.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
FRUIT FLIES SPREAD

The Bermudas probably would
not now be infested by the Med
iterranean fruit fly had not a
sailing vessel bound for New
York from the Mediterranean re-
gion during the Civil war times,
been blown from her course and
forced to unload her cargo
containing infester fruits at
st George. The Mediterra-
mean fruit fly did not become es-
tablished in Australia until
steamships and cold storage
made it possible for the infested
Mediterranean countries to ship
oranges to Perth and Sydney
With the pest established in
eastern Australia the ships ply
ing between Australia and Ha-
wall carried the maggots to Hon
olulu, and today the inspectors
of the state of California and
the United States are intercept
ing infested fruits on ships ar
irving at San Francisco and San
Pedro from Honolulu and Hilo.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
snanlsh sulnhur penosIts.

In the province OF Murcia, Spain,
there are a number OF sulphur depos.
its. One Of the most important OF
them is that Of La Strata de Lorca,
near the town Of Lorca, the bed Of
which extends over length of ten
kilometers and a width Of one to two
kilometers.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
INTERCEPT AND
DESTROY FLIES
Halt Of Insect Pests Could Have
Been Kept Out of Country
by Quarantine.
FRUIT FLIES ARE BEAUTIFUL
Immense Losses Caused Annually to
Fruits and Vegetables of United
States Could Be Prevented
Precautions Being Taken.

More than half of the insect pests
that annually cause immense losses
in fruits and vegetables of the United
States could have been kept out of
this country by thorough quarantine.
against them, according to officials of
the United States department of agri-
culture. To guard against more in
furious insects being brought in from
other countries is the object of the
federal plant quarantine act of 1912
which, with the development of knowl-
edge of insects throughout the world,
has resulted in the bars being put up
wherever the pests are likely to enter.
Among the insects of other lands
that have not yet become established
in this country are the serious pests
known popularity as fruit flies. They
resemble ordinary house flies but are
far more beautiful, inasmuch as their
wings are prettily spotted and band
ed and their bodies are usually more
brightly colored. They are like house
flies also in that they lay small, white
eggs that hatch into whitish maggots.
However, the maggots do not develop
in refuse or decaying matter as do
those of the house fly, but they feed
upon the living tissues of fruits, nuts
and vegetables. Eggs are laid just
under the skin of the host plant or
fruit and shese hatch into the mag
gots which burrow in all directions
through the pulp. As the maggots
tunnel shout they cause decays to
develop and these rotting areas often
produce greater injury than the mag
COTS themselves.
Where Danger Lies.
Increasing imports from the coun-
tries where fruit flies now abound, ex-
tension of trade to remote corners
of the earth, increasing density of
population in the warmer portions of
this country, are making greater each
wear the danger that fruit flies may
become firmly established in the Unit
ed States.
To intercept and destroy fruit flies
as well as other pests, the federal
horticultural board of the department
of agriculture, charged with the en-
forcement of the plant quarantine act,
prohibits the entry of all horticultural
products likely to carry insect pest
unless they have been rendered free
from danger as pest carriers, either
by federal inspection or by treatment
by approved methods under federal SUI
pervision.
The department also has estab-
lished in the Hawaiian islands sys'
tenn of Inspection that is heartily sup
ported by fruit growers and transpor
tation companies, whereby all planta
lions and packing houses from which
fruit is shipped are kept from hecom
ing sources Of truit-hy dissemination
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
Then She Froze Up.

Housewife-Tve nothing hot Tor
you: but can give you little some
thing cold.
Tramp-Alf right. mum; make it 9
little cold cash. IL yer will.-Bostop
Evening Transcript
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
SLOW PROGRESS.

aTakes my wife a long time to get
ready for breakfast"
''How's that7"
"She's a great reader and has to
peruse every curl paper as she takes
II off."-Louisyille CourieroJournal.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02
MATING Guinea Fowls

Guinea fowls have a tendency to
mate in pairs, but one male may be
mated successfully with three or four
females.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02

In Flanders the British carried ont
an important operation that resulted
In the capture of Meteren. They have
been devoting themselves to preparing
for the new offensive which. according
to the logic Of the situation, Luden-
dorff must undertake and which, ae-
cording to military experts, probably
win be directed against some part Of
the line held by the British. Such an
offensive would be largely TO influence
public opinion In Germany and direct
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02

Paris and London are loud In their
praise of the quality and behavior of
the Americans In the Aisne-Marne bat
tie, and the newspapers there relate
many instances of their bravery, cool
ness and determination They are adj
mittedly as fine troops as ever were
seen, and even the least experienced
of them have no idea of anything but
winning every fight they go into.
Their craftsmanship, both with the
rifle and with larger weapons, is re-
markable; their doggedness Is tenn
pered with an unquenchable humor,
and their stamina is such that at times
bodies of them fought for many hours
without food or drink. declining TO
halt their advance to let the commits
sary catch up with them. These
splendid troops. with their gallant and
competent officers, have done their full
part In stopping the German offensive
and converting 1t into an allied often
sive, and IL they are now called on to
stop and await the arrival of more of
their eountrymen. America should rest
satisfied, patient and proud. The
American casualty lists will be longer
and longer each day for time. but
the bereaved ones may well take ex-
ample by the proud. unweeping grief
with which Colonel Roosevelt received
the news of the death of his gallant
son, Quentin.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02

When Foch was secretly preparing
for his great strategic attack he called
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02

Finally authentic word Of the death
Of the former car came out of Rus
STA. He was ordered shot by local
holshevik official because OF counter
revolutionary plots. and his son is said
TO have died OF exposure a few days
later,
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02


President Wilson completed his pro-
nouncement Of plans for the participa-
ton of the United States in the Rus
sian expedition and was awaiting only
the reply Of Japan to the American
proposals. 1t had been thought Japan
had agreed to these, but dispatches
from Tokyo told of an exciting contro-
versy over them, two influential groups
strongly opposing Intervention. Mos
COW adyices said general mobilization
of the Russian army-meaning the
boIsheviki-had begun, but this did
not worry the allied statesmen. The
plans of the British. Americans and
French for the protection Of the Muir
man region against the Germans and
Firms are believed to be all settled
The people will be fed and their in
ternal affairs will not be interfered
with by the expedition that will be
sent,
General Horvath. provisional ruler
of Siberia, is cooperating with the
Czecho- Slovaks, and matters look
more promising In that country.
Conditions in the Ukraine grow more
unsettled daily, and now the Germans
and Austrians are called on to face
great uprising in Roumania, where
the people are Disguised with the peace
with the central powers and with the
treatment they are receiving. Proba-
bly, half a million Teutonic troops are
tied up in these two countries, which
\ helps some.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1918-08-02

a strong force of English and Scots
troops down from the north, and they
quietly slipped around south of the
Marine toward Reims At the APP
pointed time these seasoned fighters
hit the German lines southwest Of the
cathedral city mighty blow. In the
succeeding days, acting as the east
arm of the pincers. they pushed for
ward into the salient from the Noun
tain of Reims toward VilIe-en-Tarde-
nois and Fismes. Their progress was
slower than that of the Franco-Ameri-
cans on the west, for the country In
which they were fighting was much
more difficult. East of Reims the
French and Italian held their own
and even made some advance. though
the plan did not call for drive by
them.