davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21

- Mrs. r. O. lockwood and Mrs. HI
g. Norris. OF Staunton came to Rich.
mond Yesterday to spend the week al
the Jefferson hotel
Mrs. Wallace Sutton. Of this city,
Is the guest this week of her parents
Mr.. and Mrs. r. q. FRYE. at their
home on Walnut I'M in Roanoke.
Convention Friday
OF much interest will be the annual
convention OF the National society
United States Daughters OF 1912 OF
Virginia which holds it's session In this
city tomorrow. The president. Mrs. w.
G. Good wyn. will welcome the dele
gates and will preside ct all OF the
sessions. Mrs. r. J. Taylor will make
her report q. chairman OF the creden-
tails committee. In the afternoon
chapter reports will he heard as well
as those OF standing committees
These promises to be interesting. as
each chapter has been engaged IN va
rious forms Of war work. Following
this rou.ina. unfinished and new husi-
rese W" c.,--~'A~-od md the cleo
.ion Of ofYicers will be held. The c"''
mittee in charge of the program IN
cludes Mrs. Warner Moore, Mrs. B. b.
Purcell end Mrs. Christian Fl. Clarke.
Aviation Dance Saturday
Many Richmond people will enjoy
the dance to be given Saturday even
ing at the aviation camp in Fulton oy
the members of the detachment OF the
seventy -frst battalion company sta
TONED in this city and the ix.hundred
thirty-1fth squadron stationed In Full
ton. The popular jazz band will fur
nish the music and trucks Will meet
all Of the street cars to take the
guests to the dance,
Beautiful FAN Wedding
A beautiful fall wedding Of the late
fail was solemniz.d Monday after-
noon at s o'clock in the home OF Mr.
and Mrs. John Edward Burke. 4ls
Pembroke avenue. Norfolk when their
daughter, Miss Dorothy Marie Burke,
the bride OF Ensign Samuel Mailer
Subers, pay corps, United States navy.
son Of Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Butler
ssuhers, OF Macon Ga. The entire low
or floor was decorated with palms.
firms and white and yellow chrysan-
49, NUNS, and the ceremony was per
: ~'-ed before an improvised altar OF
- and cathedral candles by Rev.
h~r Thomas r. Waters, pastor OF
- I'd Hear. Catholic church
The bride who was given in mar
race hy her father. wore beautiful
gown Of white satin and silver lace.
EN- broidercd In pearls, with court
train Of satin. Her veil OF tnlie was
arranged with cororet OF pearls ana
lace and she carried shower houdeut
OF brides roses and lilies Of the val
ley.
The bride was attended by her
two sisters Mrs, Martin Owen Cahtll
and Miss Catherine burke. The ma
tron OF honor was eowned IN white
satin, embroidered with pearls and
the mail OF honor wore blue totle
over cloth OF gold, Both Of the attend
ants carried yellow chrysa nthemums,
Ensign Russell Geer, I, =, n, was
the groom's hest man.
Immediately after the ceremony
there was a bri,lian; reception. after
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
BANQUET TO CLOSE
MAS0N|, REUNION

The reunion OF the Scottish Rite
the Masonic Temple since Monday
evening. will come to an end this
evening with a banquet
Degrees have been conferred upon
forty candidates from different sec
tons OF the state and from the army
and navy.
Monday evening degrees from the
fourth TO fourteenth. both inclusive.
were conferred. Those taking part
In the exercises were d. p. Sigourney,
George A. Hooper, Hay T. Thornton,
James A. Richardson. J. Gus Hankins,
Ralph J. Levy, DR.. c. Fl. Rudd. c. A.
Nesbitt, l.. B. Siegfried, Mann Sycie
and several other officers of the Diff
ferent bodies.
Degrees from the fifteenth TO the
eighteenth. both inclusive, were con-
ferred Tuesday evening under the
supervision of W. s. Pettitt. master
Of the body, Last evening degrees
from the nineteenth to the thirtieth.
both inclusive. were administered
under the direction OF Beverly c.
Lewis. Jr.. master of the kadosh.
Comforting of the thirty-first and
thirty second degrees will take place
this evening prior to the banquet,
under the direction of Alvin Hutzler,
master of the eonsistory.
Among the distinguished Masons
present during the sessions of the
body were II. W. Whiteoxer, inspector
general for Georgia and South Caro-
lima, who appeared In his official
capacity as the personal representa-
tive of George +. Moore. grand COM
mander OF the southern Jurisdiction
who Is now In France.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
Phone: Madison
1928.
Frieda Meredith Dietz. CNCIETV
Editor. O\/NXA j

which, Ensign subers ard his bride left
for a southern trip. On their return
they will rcride with the brides pa
rents, 4tS Pembroke avenue.
Among the. out OF town guests were:
Miss Carroll Harris and Miss Helen
Warheld Of baltimore, and Miss Mir
lam Burke, sister OF the bride, OF Mt.
De Sales Academy.
Musical Service Tonight
There will be an impressive musicad
service given at Monumental Episco-
pay church tonight at Sis o'clock to
celebrate reace. choir OF ffty
voices. under the direction of Quincy
Cole, has been trained and the entire
program will be Of Gonoud. the great
French composer. The church doors
will be opened at 7:l5 o'clock to the
public.
Every Monday Club
The Every Monday club held Its
regular weekly meeting, November IL,
at the homo Of Mrs. Gibson Worsham
in Ginter Park The life and work OF
woman were discussed In an original
and informing way by Mrs. r. f.
Gaines. after which members present
ed current events. Tea was served by
the hostess. The club will meet No
vember IS. with Mr.. y. r. Ander-
son, $40 Rowland street Members are
asked to contribute Thanksgiving
verse instead OF book reviews.
Important Meeting
The regular meeting OF the execu-
tive board OF the Baptist woman's
Missionary Council OF Richmond will
be held this morning ut IL o'clock at
House of Happiness. 224o Venanle
street
Proernm n p. W. g. A.
The program of activities at the Y.
w. c. A., s North Fifth street. for the
remainder OF the week, follows:
This evening at O'Clock. the cur
rent events class taught by D. X. Il.
BRYAN win meet
s:45 the French class taught by Ma
dem oiselie Pascual will meet THIS
class meeta every Wednesday ana Fri
dav.
Tomorrow evening the Red Cross
first aid class meets from s;la to s:le
with DR.. p. Lipscomb tnstrucung.
Tomorrow evening from to
o'clock the Boosters club Will meet
for supper to be followed by prepare
tons for the home coming OF the men
In the service. Miss Katherine Hawes
viii teach patriotic eongs ana MISS
Mabel Crafty. Miss Ella Schooley, and
Miss Louise Holmqu:st will be the
guest OF honor for the evening ana
will address the club members
The Red Cross AUXILIARY at the Y.
w. C. A.. meets every Monday even
ing from to 10 o'clock and oil wo-
men and girls In the city are invited
TO help.
Daughters ~ 1912
porothea Payne Mission chnrter N
$. u. s DAUGHTERS OF 1912. will meet
in the Jefferson hotel room $50 at
11:a0 o'clock this morning. The an
nuaI election of officers will take place
delegates 20 the state council Will be
named alt%rnatcs will he elected ana
annual dues will be received.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
RURAL PARCEL POST
ROUTE IS EX ENDED

The postofiice department has re-
placed the heavier and more I'M
wfeldly motor truck which has been
used In the parcel post motor truck
service between Richmond and
Chilesburg with lighter and more
suitable truck and one less liable to
break down. AS the result OF an ac-
cident which overlook the heavier
truck several days ago. service had
venience to patrons
Incidentally, II was announced yes
terday by Postmaster Hay T. Thorn
ton the service on this route has been
extended to Rhoadesville, Orange
county. a distance OF eighty miles.
With the installation OF the lighter
truck service was resumed between
this city and Chilesburg yesterday and
also extended to Rhoadesville.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
TRUE REFORSfEiss witt NJ
MEET HERE JANUARY q

The department Of the Grand Foun~
tain, United Order OF True Reformx
ers, will celebrate It's thirty eighth
birthday at convention In this city
on January II. The sixty ninth AIl~
niversary of w. w. Brown, thu
founder. will also be celebrated. al
proclamation issued by the executive
department starts a membership cam@
paign to end January 10. All Forn@I
tains with less than thirty-eight
mem bers are asked to increase their
membership to represent the number
of years since the foundation In Jan~
uary. 1881. Those accomplishing this
will be placed on the honor roll.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
Petitions Are Refused.

The petition for writ of error and
supersedas in the case OF Frank c.
Wood which came up from the Cir
cult court OF Scott county, in which
tribunal the petitioner was convicted
on Nav II of malicious wounding and
sentenced to ten days in jail and fined
$500, was yesterday refused In the
supreme court of appeals.
The petition Of Hazel Smith, who
was committed to the Virginia Home
and Industrial School for Girls by n
justice of the peace OF Petersburg for
alleged incorrigibiiity for a writ OF
error and supersedas In the case
likewise was turned down.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF
6ISTER PARK SCHOOL had
TO CLOSE AGAINST FLU

When fifty pupils were found to
have contracted influenza within a
week in Ginter Park school the ad-
ministrative board ordered the school
closed yesterday morning. The dis
ease seems to be spreading rapidly
among the Ginter Park children,
though 1t Is of a much milder type
than the epidemic which attacked the
whole country recently. Ginter Park
school Is the only one In which in
fiuenza has taken the turn Of an
epidemic
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
Binford School Over Ton.

Binford Junior high school is over
the top in It's sales of war savings
stamps and thrift stamps. The quota
which was to have been sold before
the Christmas holidays was $4,000.
The school announced yesterday that
1t had already sold $ll.600 worth of
stamps Miss Thelma Fenson. who
sold the largest amount of stamps.
was presented with an autographed
photograph OF Mary pickford by
Henry Schwarzschild, following an
address in which he thanked the
pupils. The following sales were re-
ported by the pupils: Generals thay-
ing sold more than s5o0)~-Thelna
Fensom. Kenneth McRae, Fred KEEL
lam, Banning Eddington. Gordon
Kennerly. Colonies tsoid $500 or
more> Murphy. Majors
tsold from 5000 to 5000 -~Alice
Krouse, Louise Walt, Flora Mittel-
dorfer Ellen AGREE. Gladys Kidd,
Edward Newell. John Frazer. Cap
tains tsold 500 or e)---Lucile
Perrin Bonnie Bernstein. Charles
Mcneil, Dorothy Wetzel. Ethel Wal
lerstein Ann Litchford. william
Barnes. Edward Frost. Alvin Cone,
John Wright. William Newell.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
MISS RUTH SAUNDERS
SUCCEEDS MRS. RA|lEY

Miss Ruth Saunders. head OF the
school and athletic departments and
supervisor of industrial work OF the
Virginia Home and Industrial School
for Girls at kilbourne Farm. has
been appointed by the Virginia COM
mittee on law enforcement and the
war department on training camp ac-
tivities. to succeed Mrs. II. II. Railey.
who has served here as protective
officer since August.
Miss Saunders has handled this
work at kilbourne Farm for three
years with marked success. She Is
a graduate OF the Harrisonburg State
Normal school and has taken post
graduate work in sociology at the
University Of Louisiana.
The splendid training Miss Saun-
ders has received at Kilbourne Farm
under Miss Anna Petersen. an au-
thority on delinquent girls. IN nddi-
ton to her educational qualifications
and unusual attractive personality.
we'll prepares her for the position of
protective officer for this city.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21

Word has been received here thak
First Lieutenant Walter Bayard SAD
Ter, OF this city, the son Of Mr.. ana
Mrs W. r.. Sadler. of Lanevtew, Eosox
county. was killed in action On CotO.
Der II. Lieutenant Eadler fOrnnar1
made his home with his cousin. Nf0s
@. f. vanderslice. Of 1888 HAn0vo
avenue. He leaves his parents. 0M0e
sisters and two brothefS-RlG61F4
Street Sadler, In the q. 6 navy. 81
First Lieutenant George Waah1n9eom
Sadler. now chaplain, formerly . -.
sionary TO Africa.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
To Raise Fund for E,asies.

To raise a fund for the members OF
the Order of Eagles when they return
home from overseas duty, the local
Eagles are planning dance for
Thanksgiving night in their home.
Third and Marshall streets. There
are o6 Eagles from Richmond In
the service. Policeman Nathan Bern
stein ia in charge of arrangem ents for
the dance.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21

An excessive secretion from the nos
trils is an unsightly misery, A breath
tainted with the odor OF catarrh Ia AN
offense against all health and decency.
4 stomach flled with droppings from
diseased nasal cavaties may cause un-
told misery. and ruins the complexion.
The bowels clogged with strings OF
ropy mucus indicates q body literally
reeking with catarrh. causing PIN
pies. blotches and other skin erup-
lions.
The blood. swarming with millions
OF catarrh germs. entails upon the kid
neys labor that may break them
down: the lungs and broncial tubes.
scourged with the destructive infiu-
, ence of systemic catarrh, can lead to
anemia and the most serious conse-
quences.
So why continue with all this mis-
cry? Send your name and address
today for free trial OF Mr.. Gauss
famous treatment. Mail 1t to c. Il.
Gauss, 5513 Main street Marshall.
Mich. 1t will not cost you a penny to
try II, and 1t surely will astonlsh you
with its wonderful effect. Fill out
coupon and mail 1t today.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
.-fsmt,tmir f,1,f,n f;ne,t.tl..

Captain Mckee Dunn. son of Mrs.
Lanier Dunn. Of 1413 Hanover ave.
nue., was gassed in action In France
recently and although he was only
In the hospital for twelve hours he
felt the effects Of II for two mont>-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
Held for Trnnsuortine.

Samuel Boone and Junius Farmer.
both c0lored. we're remanded to Jail
yesterday. pending trial IN the United
unable to furnish 500 bond for their
appearance on the charge Of transport
Ing whiskey into Virginia Boone and
Farmer had twenty-three pints OF
liquor between them.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21

NOW. gentlemen Of the jury" be-
gan the old lawyer.
Hearing cough from his partner,
he stopped abruptly.
II beg pardon. Now, ladies and gen.
tlernen Of the juryi"--Kansas City
Journal.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
POSLAM CAN
HEAL SICK SKIN
50 QUICKLY

Your urgent need for something,
right away. to clear unsightly skin. to
heal broken-out places, to remove pim-
pies and blemishes, Is spiendidly met
In Poslam which drives away the very
troubles you are anxious to be rid OF
quickly. Soothes angry skin; stops
itching aggravation. Saves time,
money, temper. embarrassment. 1t Is
safe, easy to- use and so little does SO
much--because It Ii highly concern
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
Itesirnotions Arr Tcnd,cr,d.

Captain Martin s. Etringfellow, Of
the adjutant-generals office. has ten
dered his resignation on account OF
the reduction of selective draft work
in Virginia
Captain George w. Warren, Com
pany ID, Richmond Light infantry
<Blues), has resigned on account OF
business.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21

Sold everywhere. For free sample
write to Emergency Laboratories. 243
West 47th St.. New York City.
Poslam Soap Is daily treat to
tender skin or skin subject to erup-
ti0nal trouhlaA adv.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1918-11-21
Catarrh Distorts
Facial Expression
Spreads the Nose, Blurs the
Eyes, Puffs the Face, Dries
the. Lips-How to Get
Rid of Catarrh.
TRY THIS ROME TREATMENT FREE.

TIM THEs HUME TNEA TNFNT FREE.
Catarrh not only makes one feel mis-
cradle, IL shows this effect In the fea-
lures. and 1t usually grows worse. But
thanks to remarkable home treat
ment. there Is recovery in store for
every sufferer by the remarkable Gauss
self home treatment, which you can
try free In your own home
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-04
CITIZENS or NEWPORT NEWS
RAID RAILROAD YARD

NEWPORT NEWS, VA. January s.
Hundreds Of citizens. rich and moor,
white and black, to-day raided the
Chesapeake and Ohio coaIyards. taking
away two carloads OF coal In small
quantities. Railway officials were an
able to stop tho citizens. and 1t was not
until military police were called to the
scene that tho people wero driven off.
There was no excitement, no noise.
no conmotion OF any kind. Grim IA ced.
determined men went quietly into the
yards, unhceding the orders OF watch
men to halt. and helped themselves to
all the coal they could carry away. in
sacks.
Newport News has been without an
adequate supply of coal for the past
three months. and the combined efforts
of city officials and repeated promises
Of tho fuel administration to relieve the
situation have resulted in less than n
dozen carloads being distributed among
the public. IL is said.
Ice to-day almost completely tied up
river traffic between Newport News and
Norfolk and other nearby points. The
Chesapeake and Ohio ferryboat was the
only ferry which ran. the other steam
crs being unable to pillow their way
through tho minlatur icebergs that
covered Hampton Roads and it's tribu-
taricS.
All coastwise steamers arc running
hours late. and ii is almost Impossible
to get freight of any kind into the city.
the railroad handling government busi-
ness almost exclusively.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-04

draft authorities rejected 80 per cent of
all men on physical grounds.
About one-half OF all mon called. or
Ioeo.5'o. claimed exemption. The
claims OF IS per cent OF these were
granted. showing, in the opinion OF off,
cials' that very few fraudulent claims
were MED. or those exempted, n per
cent were released because OF dependent
relatives. 70 per cont because they
claimed alien birth and nationality. ana
oniy . per cent on vocational grounds.
Less than l Dcr cent Of tho exemptions
were granted TO religious directors or
20 nose morally unfit. Most OF the
ia,'er were convicts now In prison.
, inc totnI cost OF the first draft OK
elusive or the cost Of the Provost
Marsnai-Generars office here, was s5.-
n l's'a. This amount has been re-
fuhded to the States by the Federal
government. II represents an average
cost OF s593 per man accepted for
military service. and with the Provost
Marshai-Gencrafs expense included
S'oo per man, against a cost OF Sc44S
per voluntary recruit in 1914: 1914 in
1910. and S2S.95 in tho first nine months
OF 1917. Prior to the draft act during
the Civil War, the cost per man was
anout S5f, and after the draft was en-
forced. about 1884.
In discussing the future Of the draft.
General Crowder said tho first duty is
to provide an adequate army. Economic
considerations must be regarded in Sc
Letting men, he says. but not at the
expense OF an efficient fighting force.
Viewed beside the efforts Germany and
Austria have put forth to place man
power in the field. he adds. 1T little
becomes us to emphasize above n
whisper as substantial national
problem anything we have yet been
called upon to do"
Tables accompanying the report show
many striking results OF the draft.
Taking tho total Of 1,243,s01 aliens
registered, it is shown that Of the 49,
7l3 called up for examination 1858
were certified for military service have
Voluntarily waived their right to cS~
cinption as aliens and in effect volun-
tcer for the hattie for democracy. Even
OF the 3S1,16S exempted. 40 per cent
went out on other grounds than their
alien status.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-04
N.,,,,n,., n,x,oa,. colemuu.

The funeral Of Nathaniel RaGsdalc
Coleman, who died at his home. "Rir-
erside." near PAGES. on December 20.
was held at Grace Church, News Ferry.
Va, on December 81. 1917. Mr.. Coleman
was born July 10. 1913. the eldest son
OF the late DR. Ethelbcrt a. and Anne
Rags6ale Coleman. OF "Creekside."
Halifax County. He graduated a the
Virginia Military Institute in 1861, and
was sent as drill-master to Camp Ice.
near Norfolk. lie served in the Tween
ty-fourth North Carolina Regiment.
Lloyd's Brigade, until 1t WAS disband-
cd. in January, 1863 lie then enlisted
with Mosby. Forty-third Virginia Bat
TALON. Company b, and 3crved until
captured on February Z, 1854. He was
imprisoned at Fort Warren. in Boston
harbor, and later at Fort Delaware
until released, June %. 1865.
Mr.. Coleman married Annie Nelson
daughter OF tho late Frederick w.
Page. for many years librarian OF the
University OF Virginia. He is sur
vivcd by his wife and two daughters,
Mrs. Roger II. Williams. OF New York.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-04
TO DRAW MILLION
FROM CLASS ONE

GGontlnued from First Page.)
Up to late In December, only $50
arrests had been made OF those who
have sought to evado registration, and
OF that number. 2,2G3 were released
after having registered. and there re-
main only 1855 cases to be prosecuted
The report declares that in the inal
analysis. it will be shown that only
o.ooo26 per cent Of the men within
draft age evaded registration.
rough figure OF So per cent Is
given as the number of rcgistrants who
failed TO appear when called by their
local boards for examination, but Cen
eral Crowder hastens to explain that
most of these men already are In Eu-
rope in the American. British and
French armies. They did not await the
draft processes In their easerncss to
get into action.
The final data will undoubtedly
show" General Crowder adds. that the
number of those who wiilfully failed to
appear for examinati on when called is
insignificant"
OF the total registration OF a.5S6.50S.
the number called and examined was
3,0S2,a49, end OF these l057,363 were
certified by the boards FOR military SER
vice.
Since the first call was for only $751;
600 men, there now remains 310.363 men
awaiting summons to mobiliza tion
camps.
or all men examined 730.15s. or 23.7
per cent. were rejected for physical rea-
sons. That, it is pointed out. shows
IN encouraging improvement In the
physical condition OF tho young men
OF the nation since the War between
the States days, for at that time tho
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-04
ICE PREVENTS ALL
STEAMER TRAFFIC
ON JAMES RIVER

CONTINUED from First Pageo
were out navigation at night was
held to be too dangerous. and the
Brandon was held here until Monday
and the Berkeley held at Norfolk. The
Brandon sailed from here Monday
morning at 8 o'clock, and after ten
hours Of constant bucking against
heavy ice cut it's Sey through to City
Point, a distance normally covered In
three hours. Seeing the danger OF be-
ing ice-bound in tho lower river. tho
boat was ordered back TO Richmond.
and arrived here at ii:45 Monday
night. The Brandon and the steamer
Hampton Roads, OF tho day line. havo
since been tied up at tho Old Dominion
wharves here.
FREIGHT IS PILING
Up ON ALL wHARyEs
The Berkeley left Norfolk Monday
morning opd got TO White Shoals
about seven miles above Newport
News where IL encountered ice four
teen inches thick, ond, after hammer
t1g at 1t all day, finally turned back
to Norfolk, where II Is still tied up,
loaded with freight Tor this port.
Gnfciais OF the Old Dominion Steam
!, lkip Company said that for months
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1918-01-04

and bay materially curtailed all water
traffic to-day and tonight. Roth
Chesapeake Bay lines TO Baltimore
suspended operations until further no.
tice. and the Chesapeake and Ohio ferry
TO Newport News ceased to operate to-
night. River lines to Smithfeld.
Mathews County and other points have
been suspended.
The Washington Steamship Limo con-
tinued operations, but all steamers
were greatly delayed. Ferry schedules
In the harbor Proper have been greatly
Interrupted. and Tonight are being
only partially maintained.