The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1918-08-08
Allies Find Powerful and Far
Reaching Illumination an In
portant Factor.
USEFUL IN SPOTTING TANKS
Pick Up Hun Bombing Planes at a
Distance and Keep Them Con-
stantIy In View-Equipped
With Sound Detectors.

WIN OOAhd SSbSShNiSs
New -Ork.-Last fall, when the Aus
trians were driving the italian SOL
diers from their hard-wOn mountain
fortreSseS, the defeated army had one
weapon which it constantly used to
haraSs and impede the foe. This was
the electric searchlight, a newcomer
on the field of battle.
Powerful lights were trained every
night upon the advancing Austrians
whenever they came to a river cross
ing or whenever they were obliged to
halt for another reason. This ham,
pered and irritated the enemy eX-
ceedingly. 1t was not only that Sc
riOus danger attended any disclosure
of their operations. They suffered
also from nerves when the long feel
ers of light brushed over their faces
and hands and revealed every detail
of the work upon which they were
engaged.
The use of searchlights by our
own eXpeditionary forces is becoming
an important branch Of the engineer
ing service. Not long ago congress
voted an appropriation of 100000
Cor searchlights of both the field type
and the anti-aircraft type. The lights
commonly used are 3G-inch lights, hav-
ing candepower of 1O00,000,000, and
maximum range of approximately
10000 yards, or nearly six miles.
First Use in Warfare
When searchights were first intro
duCPd in warfare it was expected that
they would be primarily service
able in battlefield illumination. The
scheme was to throw light upon the
opposing battle line and show adj
vancing companies of infantry the
Kind of ground over which they had
TO go. Another plan was to have
sows of searchlights parallel with the
trenches and sweep the terrain be-
fore them, lighting up the barbcd-
wire entanglements laid by the foe
and exposing parties of enemy sol
dicrs at work repairing them. How
eyer, neither of these uses turned out
30 be especially significant. The diff
fculty was that, as soon rs the lights
we're in operation. they were easily
picked off by the enemy's guns. In
tie same manner. they could not be
placed along the line Of trenches
More recent experiments have dem
onstated th9t there is a real useful
ness for field searchlights. They are
now being employed to spot the en-
pmy's tank advances. Instead of be-
tng hauled by horses, like the first field
soarchlights. the newer ones are
mounted on motor trucks. They are
flashed for only a minute or two at a
time, and are instantly shifted to an
other vantage point. This affords
them n greater measure of self-pro-
lection
The antiaircraft searchlight is the
most valuable type of light now used
by our soldiers. 1t is our most Of
fective defense against the lOw-f1ying
night-bOmbing plane Of the Germans.
Antiaircraft guns have proved almost
hOpelessly inadequate in coping with
night air raids and if it were not for
the long pointing fingers of the search
light the foe would ke able to effect
some very deadly work in night at
tacks upon supply depots and ammuni-
ton dumps.
The method is to pick up a hostile
bombing plane when it is about five
miles away from its objective. For
this purpose the scarchlights are To-
Gated at points likely to be attacked.
They are sunk in holes in the ground
and are heavily sandbagged. Both the
light and the men working it are given
considerable protection.
Fitted With Sound Receivers.
To detect the approach of airplanes
The searchlight apparatus is furnished
with sound receivers. Without these
receivers the outfit is practically use
less. The receiver can be swung
around to catch the sound vibrations,
and they are remarkably accurate in