davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
Anxious Days
For Enemy

AS an evidence of the evil moral effect
at home of the German check came the
official utterance by the German War
Minister that Foch's army of reserve
had ceased to exist and that the larger
part of the French army had been de-
feated. A statement like this at the
moment of a severe check could only
mean one thing, namely, that there was
growing unrest and apprehension at
home over the long delay in getting to
Paris. Just the same sort Of official
nonsense covered the great German dis
appointment at the Marne four years
ago. At the very least our enemy is be-
ginning to have as anxious days as we
have recently known.
AS it stood on Tuesday, June 18, the
103d anniversary Of Waterloo, the Ger
man advance toward Paris was at least
temporarily checked. In it the Ger
man had used, and for the moment used
up, about half of all his divisions availa-
BILE for an offensive. He had left be-
tween fifty and seventy divisions con-
centrated in front of the British, from
the Somme to the sea. These troops had
been resting for nearly two months. time
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23

had been allowed for the reorganization
of divisions which had been heavily en-
gagged in March and April, and it was
the unanimous view of correspondents
that they were in shape to deliver new
and heavy blow.
But would the blow fall against
the British with the Channel ports as
the objective or against the French with
Paris as the goal? If the British were
attacked the cost of the struggle might
be so great as to postpone the Paris
thrust indefinitely. But if the British
were ignored and all the remaining Ger
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23

It is a very difficult task to write
steadily of campaign and preserve
true balance between that confidence
which, within limits, is essential and the
apprehension which is warranted by the
local situation. would like to say to my
readers that / have never feared and do
not now fear that our allies, with our
growing aid, can lose the campaign of
1918. On the contrary, / believe we
shall hold the enemy this year and that
this means beating him next year. But
he is dangerous enemy, with great re-
sources left to him, with great military
skill directing the employment of those
resources. We can only win if we in
America do our utmost in sending men
and munitions promptly. But we are
doing this, and believe that by August
we.shall see mmarked change in the face
of things.
Austrian offensive against Italy which is
just opening. It began on Saturday,
June Is. A few weeks ago discussed
the Italian situation in detail and can
only devote passing notice to the de-
velopments in this article. The Austrian
attack has two aspects, che political and
the military, and Of the two the former
is perhaps the more important. 1t is
notorious fact that the internal condi-
tions in Austria are exceedingly bad.
The country is ruled by two minorities,
German minority in Austria and q Mag
var minority in Hungary.
Austrian Solution
For Poland
In Austria the German minority can
only govern with the aid Of some Sla-
vonic party. In the past it has pur-
chased the support Of the Poles by al
lowing them approximate supremacy in
Galicia. But the Poles now demand that
Russian Poland shall be allotted to Aus
tria-Hungary and that, together with
Galiaia. Il shall become . *hixd auAnns-
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23

man divisions sent south to blast their
way to Paris, British Counter thrust
might be as fatal as Blucher's march
from Wavre to Waterloo.
AS I write these lines the riddle re-
mains unread. British and French OBJ
servers continue to differ over the
enemy's purpose, and both British and
French armies expect to bear the burden
of the next blow. But if it shall turn
out that the next blow is no more sue
cessful than the last, we may feel that
we are about over the pitch, that the
skies are beginning to clear.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23

twelve; the Aisne drive netted thirty
five, but the last venture yielded only
eight, with minimum of prisoners and
guns, no considerable booty. And the
French were able to undertake success
full counter attacks on the third day. In
sum, two concentrated armies met, fought
a pitched battle lasting five days, at the
end of which the assailant gave it up
after having paid terrible price for
local gains without decisive value. Here
is solid ground for confidence, the more
solid because all this happened in the
third month of the offensiye-proving
Allied power and skill in defence to be
growing, not diminishing.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
Bloody Check for Armies of Grown
Prince Finds Germany Weaken
ing and Allies Growing
Stronger Every Day
Enemy Anxious
By FIR ANK HI. SIMONDS
Author Of ''The World War;" 'They Shall Not Pass"

The first thing to be said of the opera
ions on the West front in the week Of
June Ills is that the record is the most
honeful single circumstance since the
German offensive began, on March 21
The latest phase of the Battle for
Paris" practically ended after three
says in bloody check for the armies of
Ae Crown Prince-a check recalling the
yerdun episode and recalling it the more
rividy because of successful French
counter attacks.
Recognizing that the enemy still holds
hall Of his strategic reserve, anywhere
from fifty to seventy divisions intact,
and that he has gained some valuable
Ground in his latest attack and still
possesses the power to deliver another
Blow comparable with those in Flanders
and On the Aisne, we have still the
right to a measure of optimism based
upon recent events.
Friday, June 81, closes the third month
Of the German offensive. In that time
the Germans have struck five blows:
That toward Amiens, which was the
heaviest and most successful; that tow
ard Arras two weeks later, which was
the least successful and amounted to a
bloody defeat; that toward the Chan
mel, on April 8, which gained good
deal Of ground and opened the way for
other attacks, but fell short of larger
success; that on the Aisne, on May 27,
N some ways the most remarkable and
discouraging Of all, and, finally, that of
June 8, between Noyon and Montdidier,
which resulted in local gains won at
great cost and ended in an approx
mate failure to achieve the objectives
sought.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
Allied Situation
Grows Stronger

Now, at the end of three months, with
b loss Of above 100000, the German has
drawn some twenty miles nearer to
Paris, made large captures in prisoners
and in booty, reoccupied around 1000
square miles of France, more than half
Of 1t desert as a result of German
devastations. He has won signal battle
successes, but he has defeated only one
army, the Fifth British army, in such
fashion as to impair its organization,
and in the case of the French he has
put no more than four divisions, those
which held the Aisne positions, out of
the campaign.
To balance his gains the German has
hst three months, and these three
months mean the arrival Of not less than
100000 American troops in France, the
insurance of the arrival of another
zoO,OOO by July I, and the consequent
presence in France by August l of some
'ooO0O fighting troops representing the
United States. More than this, three
months have been allowed the British to
repair past errors and do two things:
ufaft more men from civil life into the
army and draw out of "side shows" and
'fofn home and foreign garrisons more
regiments and divisions for service in
France.
Thus, by August / at the latest, pos
aOiy earlier, the Allied situation in
'sSpect of numbers will be actually
stronger than it was in March; despite
any conceivable casualties they will have
n0fe men In line and in reserve than in
@s critical days of the Battle of Picardy,
slo saenceforward the improvement will
rapid. The Germans, on the other
aAaos made their maximum concentra-
'Aa at the outset; they had either en-
saeed or assembled all they had, and
sl situation, since they have no new
svoar Of reserves, must henceforth
s1n steadily.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
Sssaany = Sought
sktosy Through Speed

uany, as have frequently pointed
:, /" These colunns, undertook to win
81 eanpaign of 1918, as Napoleon sought
ss IN the Waterloo campaign, by
ng an eventual inferiority in num-
& sno resources by superior swiftness
!, centration and attack. She caught
snenies mapping, as the French En-
esa caught his. She has won her
L lug round as Napoleon won Ligny.
sa's and eventual numerical advan-
Sere bound 70 turn against her
sne won military triumph
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
Solid Ground
For Confidence

If you desire parallel for this Ger
man operation Verdun supplies it. In
March and April, 1916, the army of the
Crown Prince was compelled to attack
first on the west about Dead Mans Hill
and then on the east about Fort de Vaux
in order to relieve it's centre. Last week
the German operation west of the Disc
aimed at taking the high ground on
the right bank Of the river and thus
compelling retirement of the French
centre. This object could not be attained
by direct frontal attack, owing to the
nature of the country.
Now, within limits the German was
successful, but he obtained only a small
fraction Of what he sought. His real
purpose was to get south Of Compiegne,
open the Valley of the Aisne, thus estab-
fishing communication between his right
flank west of the Disc and his left be-
tween the Aisne and the Marne. Once
he had accomplished this the German
would be face to face with the French
in the last position Petain would oc-
cupy if he were to hold the German out
side of artillery range Of Paris-and by
artillery range mean effective range for
the 450 and $50 centimetre guns; the
"supergun' is not an efficient military
weapon and its purpose is to destroy
enemy morale, not hostile cities.
In all his larger purposes, then, the
German failed and his losses were colos-
sal. His appropriation of Cannon fod-
der" the casualties he was willing to
incur to attain his object, was exhausted
before the fifth day, and on this day he
definitely abandoned his attack, covering
his abandonment by spirited but local
operation on the left flank on the edge
OF the Forest of villers-C Cotterets, which
was without Importance.
In Picardy the Germans gained up
ward Of forty milss. in Flanders around
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
All Staked on
Immediate Decision

shall discuss the Italian operation in
some detail next week. It is sufficient to
say now that the first three days were.
on the whole, highly favorable to our
Italian ally. There was nothing sug-
gesting repetition of the Isonzo disaster
and, save at one or two points, no
valuable ground was lost. But the oper-
alton seemed only in its first stages and
it would be mistake to draw too broad
conclusions from premises so narrow.
But with the opening of the campaign
In .Venetia we are beginning to get a
full measure Of our foes purposes for
this year. He may still have plans In
the Balkans. but even this is doubtful.
for Bulgaria is beginning to give evidence
OF domestic disorder and any Balkan
campaign would be mainly Bulgar en-
terprise. All in all, we are getting on
toward the halfway mark in a campaign
in which our enemy is stalking all upon
immediate decision, with the old alterna-
tive. world power or downfall.s clearly
n IsA
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23

quickly, and after three months she has
not won the triumph, nor is she near to
supreme success. She has spent half
her time, at least third of her reserves,
and the element of surprise following
superior concentration is passing.
The measure Of these assertions is
found IN the circumstances of the Battle
of Compiegne, the latest German at
tack. In this instance the German at
tackled on front but little shorter than
his operative front at the Aisne. He
used at least twenty divisions at the
outset, as in Champagne. He employed
the brief and intense bombardment, tho
rapid advance Of huge masses. His
small mobile field gun, of one and one
half inches, was relied upon, as usual,
and his troops were assembled by secret
marches. In a word, he employed ex-
actly the tactics which had won him his
earlier successes
French Were
Ready
This time, however, there was no sur
prise. The French were ready; they
surrendered their first positions after
brief but sufficient defence; their re-
serves entered the struggle before the
German masses had submerged the
troops in line, whose mission it was to
delay the assailant until the reserves ar
rived. Thereafter the battle line rapid
ly stabilized itself. By the third day
French counter attacks had won back a
great deal Of ground on the west flank;
the German centre had been definitely
halted, and the German left along the
Oise had been narrowed into a salient
too small to permit further advance un-
til it was widened.
Accordingly on the sixth day the Ger
man broke off the battle. He had adj
vanced eight miles south along the north
ern roads to Paris, the roads used by
Kluck in 1914. He had taken the Las
signy-Noyon hills, exceedingly valuable
high ground; he had just passed Ribe-
court on the Disc, which was inside the
French lines from September, 1914, to
March, 1917. AS result Of these Sue
cesses the French centre between the
Aisne and the Disc had been compelled to
evacuate the Forest of Ourscamps and re-
tire to the old trench positions based on
the Forest of Laigue, several miles to
the south.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
Cause Of Anxiety
Removed

On top of this domestic situation comes
an Austrian offensive against Italy. II
this means anything it means that the
Hapsburg regime is stalking all on posi-
BILE victory, looking to success on the
field to silence disorder at home. This
is the traditional policy, but it carries the
traditional danger. Defeat in the field
is bound to accentuate disorder at home.
Anything short of decisive triumph may
prove fatal.
If there is anything surprising in the
Austrian operation it is supplied by the
fact that Austrian troops are being used
in Italy and not in France. To Judge
from early accounts all the Austrian
army is at work in Italy, and this means
that for weeks at best no Austrian troops
will appear on the West front. And
these are the weeks that arg likely to
settle the issue Of the campaign Of 1918.
This removes cause of anxiety-slight
to be sure-for few observers believed
Austrian troops would be brought into
France-but still real. We are better
able now to measure the maximum Of
possible danger between Switzerland and
the sea.
New-York tribune., 1918-06-23
Failure of Italian
Offensive Nav
Prove Fatal
to Aus
tria
Copyright, 101S-The Tribune
Association

NOUS state in the Hapsburg monarchy.
This Is the so-called Austrian solution"
Of the Polish question.
Germany, on her side, firmly opposes
such solution, because it would create
q compact Polish state Of some 10000, 900
people, barring her road to Russia
and bound to seek the liberation Of g.
100000 German Poles in Silesia, Posen,
and East and West Prussia. For nearly
two years the Polish question has been a
cause Of disagreement between Berlin
and Vienna. Austria cannot conduct
her own affairs without the aid of the
Poles, as result Of the attitude Of the
other Slavs. Germany sees in an Aus
trian Poland peril to her unity.
Relapsing
Into Anarchy
Again, Austrian Slavs returning from
Russia are preaching Bolshevism, which
is listened to by hungry populace. Bo-
hemia is in a state Of insubordination
closely approaching rebellion. The south
ern Slavs are getting out of hand and
moro and more tending to unite in de-
manding an Independent, or at least an
autonomous, southern Slav state, danger
Gus alike to German and Magyar inter-
ests and likely to bar the road Of Hohen-
zollern expansion to the Near East.
In this situation, with more than half
its population mutinous and seeking ra-
cial and separatist aims, with economic
crises following each other rapidly, with
famine in certain regions, Austria is
slowly or rapidly-the question is solely
one of pace-relapsing into an anarchy
only delayed by German influence. To
keep their hold the reigning family and
the ruling races are steadily surrender
ing more and more of their countryn
freedom to Germany. But to balance
this Slav resentment is growing more and
more bitter.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21

wood, of Osceola, Iowa, two sisters
Mrs. Fred Biggs, Of oklahoma Clty,
Okla. and Mrs. Orion P. Latlmer,, OF
Shenandoah, Iowa, and his broIher
e. A. Lockwood, Of Weldon, Iowa,
between whom a bond of more than
brotherly affection existed. lie dled
following an operation at the Wei
don hospital, Monday, Nov. ~ .,
at the age OF SO years, 9 months ana
Is days. 49,
The funeral was CONDUCTED by
Rev Burns, Of the Osceola ChrlStlanl
church, assisted by Rev. Larrlck, or
the Weldon NJ E. church at the
home OF his brother f. A. Lockwood,
the Masons having charge OF the
service at the grave. lie was lalo 10
rest in the Green Bay cemetery.
A Card of Thanks-We wish TO
thank the friends and nelghborS l0F
their sympathy, kindness and help
in the sad hour of our bereavement
in the sickness and death OF our pc
loved husband, father, son and broth
er, Ray l.. Lockwood: TOR the music
ana The many beautiful flowers.
Mrs. Mabel Lockwood
and Daughters,
Mr.. and Mrs. S. Lockwood,
Mr.. and Mrs. E. A. Lockwood
and Family,
Mir. and Mrs. O. p. Latimer,
Mr.. and Mrs. c. II. Hodges,
and Family.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21
r.gIfWo
RAYMOND Leonard Lockwood.

Raymond Leonard Lockwood was
ruary "a, 1885. He moved to Clarke
county, Iowa, with his parents at
the age of nine months. he was
educated in the Osceola schools and
graduated with the class Of 1904.
Two years later he entered school
at Ames where he studied civil en-
gineering and graduated in June,
1909. He worked for the reclama-
ton service in Montana and on lrrl--
cation work in New Mexico and
Idaho before his marriage in 1910.
On september -, Isio, he he wa vas
don, Iowa. They left the following
day for Porto Rico where he worked
for two years for the Porto Rican
Irrigation Service, being advanced
to Division engineer while there. On
account OF climatic conditions c2uS-
ing i'll health he returned to the
United States and after one month S
visit among home folks went to Los
Angeles. California. He entered the
engineering department or the city
of Los Angeles, being advanced to
assistant engineer which position he
held for five and one-halt years.
He then came back among home
folks and after visit of six months
he returned to California and short
ly entered upon government work at
the Rockwell Aviation field at San
Diego, Cal He tried so hard to en-
list in the service OF his country but
failing health prevented him being
accepted so he doubled every effort
in trying to do his bit for the govern
ment on the engineering work at
Rockwell Field. On Sept. |. l9l s,
he returned to iowa and entered up
on the duties of county engineer OF
Decatur county which position he
held until his death.
He united with the Christian
church at Osceola, Iowa, at the age
of Is and always lived an upright
and honest life. He was made a
Mason at Weldon, Iowa, in 1909,
and always loved his lodge, although
not able to attend often.
He leaves to mourn his loss his
sorrowing wife and two little girls,
one almost three years old and one
Is months old, his aged father and
mother, Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel Lock-
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21
WILSON PROCLAIMS THANKS
GIVING DAY.
Thursday. Nov. %, Set Aside AS Day
to Celebrate Peace.

pre M 1I5in Wilson, SH in a; Proclamation
today designated Thursday, Nov:
IS, as Thanksgiving day and said
this year the American people have
special and moving cause to be crate
he said, has brought not only peace,
but the confident promise Of new
day as we'll, lin which justice shall
replace force, and jealous intrigue
among the nations.
Promise of New Day.
The proclamation follows: -
"Thanksgiving l9l ). by the
president Of the United States OF
America. A proclamation:
1T has long been our custom to
turn in the autumn Of the year in
prayer and Thanksgiving to almighty
God for his many blessings and
mercies to us as a nation: This year
we have special and moving cause to
be grateful and to rejoice. God has
in his good pleasure given us peace.
It has not come as a mere cessation
of arms, mere relief from the
strain and tragedy of war. 1t has
come as y great triumph OF right
Complete victory has brought us not
peace alone, bUt the confident prom
Use Of new day as well, IN "hl INC,
justice shall replace force and leal~
Our gallant armies have partici-
pated in a triumph which lis not
married or stained by another pur-
pose of selfish aggression. In
righteous cause they have won I'M,
mortal glory and have noply served
God has indeed been gracious. We
have cause for such rejoicing as re-
wives and strengthens in us all the.
best traditions OF our national MS
tory. A new day shines about us, IN
which our hearts take new courage
and look forward with new nope TO
new and greater duties.
"While we render thanks for thtee
things, let us not forget to GEEK The
divine guidance in the performance
of those duties, and divine mercy ana
for all errors Of act or
purpose, and pray that in all that
we shall do we shall strengthen the
ties of friendship and mutual respect
upon which we must assist to build
the new structure Of peace and good
will among nations.
Wherefore, |, Woodrow Wilson.
president of the United States of
America, do hereby designate Thurs
day, the tWenty-eighth day Of NoVem-
and prayer, and invite the people |
the land to cease upon |
hat day from their ordinary occupa-
ions and in their several homes and !
places Of worship to render thanks
20 God, the ruler Of nations.
I'm witness whereof. | have here |
INTO set my hand and caused the |
seal of the United States to be aHix-
ed.
Done in the District Of Columbia
his sixteenth day of November, in |
he year of our Lord one thousand:
line hundred and eighteen, and OF
he independence of the United
States Of America the one hundred |
md forty-third.
"Woodrow Wilson"
Robert Lansing, secretary OF
tate y
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21

Within the last month the ladies'
of Center township have served
lunch at two public sales, with the
net result Of $50 which they gave to
the relief fund Of the chapter: The
ladies Of the Logan Chapel Aid serv-
ed lunch at the Bowsher sale and
realized there1rom the neat sum OF
S4457 and it was promptly placed
in the same fund, then in addition to
the above the directors of the Corn
Club donated the proceeds OF their
picnic in the sum of 1884 to the
Of our good people is appreciated
and as General Pershing has said,
1T is the backing and loyalty OF the
American people that won the war
"a q .
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21

from Mr.. Edwin Bevins. Accom-
panying ihe gift was a short letter.,
the last paragraph of which follows:#
while I can do but little, | cannot
refrain from dong something to help
cage the Beast of Berlin"
The ,.ev. Irl r. Hicks Almanac
for 1919 will be ready November
goth, finer, better than ever. A
beautiful, valuable weather book
with weather forecasts for every day
of 1919, written by lrl r. Hicks, Jr.
and Rev. J. 3. Moves, the same as
last year, 35 cents my mail, 80
cents on news stands. Our monthly
magazine, Word and Works, one
year with one Almanac, 81. The
Hicks Almanac and Publishing Co.,
3401 Franklin Avenue, St. Louis,
Mo-
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21

It's a pleasure to see a man with
we'll pressed clothes. 1t means
much to him and more to us to be
able to press them better than they
were ever pressed before. You can
prove his statement to your own
satisfaction by letting us show you.
G. w. Conner.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21
Harry Shelter Dead.

Just as we go to press a message
came that Harry Shelter had died at
his home in Fresno, California. This
is a great shock to the community
1t was known he had been quite i'll
with the Influenza and serious.
Harry was raised in Garden Grove
and was we'll known and liked. He
was one Of our prominent and sue
cessful business men before going to
Fresno and his death is greatly re-
GREETED by this community.-G
den Grove Express.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1918-11-21

On account of the quarantine be-
adjournment of the annual meeting