davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
PROPHECY

Today marks four years
That have in war and bloodshet
passed,
Four years that made us wonder,
How long this war would last.
! do not claim to be a prophet.
And tell the future with ease,
But | think ! know year or so il
advance,
so listen if YOU please.
Just lately our boys took Scissors,
And a hundred miles or so,
So the Huns cant last very long
Al this rate OF loss, you know,
Down below I'm telling,
lust how ] think things will be.
In year OF time and maybe less
When we've Wiped old Germany
| think the flag Of Germany
Will be trampled in the dust,
think the sword of Kaiser Bill
Will be laid up then to rust.
think the folks of Berlin
Will be proud that they are free.
From the rule of Kaiser Bill,
And the tyrants of Germany.
| know there will be no Kaiser,
For Old Bill will lie in Peace
And the President of the L. S. A.
Will rule instead of the beast.
! only hope the German people
VIII survive this awful fray,
SO they will know how they were
fooled
By their ruler of today.
Then whcn-t this war is over,
And there is quiet at every door,
May the German people join our song
OF Peace for evermore.
J ohm Tagga,'
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
QUOTAS FIXED FOR
! FALL Y. M. CA. DRIVE
national Goal Of SIP, Zoo, 600 Includes
$15,ooO,O00 For War Work OF Y,
w. c. A.-Southeast Asked
For 100000

The quotas for the seven states of
the southeastern Department for the
next financial drive of the National
War Work Council of the Y. M. C. A.
for $112,O0O,0O0, which will take place
late in the fall were decided upon last
week by delegates from each of the
states. Seven hundred delegates from
the seven states of the Southeastern
Department recently met with the ma
tons leading Y. M. c. A. workers at
the Capital City Club Of Atlanta, Ga.
The quotas for the Southeastern
states, totaling approximately $4,000
0o0, were decided upon as follows:
Florida, $577,5S4; Georgia, $1,O4S,,
1884; Mississippi, s2SO,OOO; North Caro-
lima, $6S0,2SS; South Carolina. s644..
1896; Tennessee, $1,O95,920 Alabama,
100000.
$15,00o,o0o to the Y. w. C. A.
OF the total amount $15,00O,OO0 will
be turned over to the Young Women's
Christian Association in order that
they may carry on the many war &C.
tivities that they have undertaken.
Every town and community of
the Southeast was represented by
its leading citizens at the! conference.
Chief among the international figures
were DR.. John R. Mott, General Secre.
tary of the National War Work Coun.
Gil, Geo. w. Perkins, fernet leader
OF the Bull Moose partyy "a, member
OF the executive board OF the United
States Steel Corporation and now
chairman of the Army and Navy Y.
M. G. A. bureau of finance. Others
in the party wereLAYHa Whitford and
Chas. S. Ward, directors of the ma.
tional campaign aud A. M. Cotton of
the Boys Earn and Give Campaign.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
DOROTHY BARRETTE SENT
TO BOTTOM BY U-BOAT

Washington, Aug. 15.-The schoon-
err Dorothy Barrette was summarized
and burned to the waters edge yester-
day afternoon. six and one-half miles
from the north end of the lightship
Cape May on the Jersey coast, says
navy department. Aeroplanes dropped
depth bombs where the submarine
disappeared but it is not known whe-
Their the submarine was hit. The
crew was saved
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
STREET SERVICE FLAGS
IS CLEVELAND, O., PLAN

CLEVELAND, O.-Service flags
have been flown here from homes,
clubs, churches and almost every
kind OF organization headquarters, but
now there has been introduced the
street service flag. In a number of
the suburbs of the city, as we'll as in
outlying business streets flags have
been raised showing how many resi-
dents of the street as a whole have
joined the colors. The new flags are
being flown by municipalities as well
as by business houses.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
LEGAL SALE

GEORG1A-Ben Hill County.
Under and by virtue OF Power of
Sale contained in mortgage execut-
ed by c. NJ Smith to Adam Gould on
the 18th day of March. 1918, and re-
corded in Office of the Clerk of the
Superior Court of said county in book
II, page 366, the undersigned will sell
at public sale at Courthouse in said
county on August II, 1918, during the
legal hours of sale, to the highest bid
der for cash,
Lot three (3), square two (2)
block one (l) in the City of Fitz-
gerald, Georgia,
tor the purpose of paying note dated
March II, 1913, due March IL, 1914,
executed by c. M. Smith for the sum
of One Hundred 'Twenty-seven Dol
lars and Twenty Cents ($l27.20),
bearing interest at per cent from
maturity, the total amount due being
1920 principal, $S3.67 interest, to-
gether with the cost of this proceed
ing, as provided in such mortgage. A
conveyance will be made as authoriz-
ed in said mortgage. This July 10Th,
1918.
ADAM GOULD,
Mortgage.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
The Most Heathful College in America
PIEDMONT COLLEGE, Demolest, GEORGIA

On
above the For men and wome >'' N' w.
Frank T. jenkins, D. D, President
college leading to
system the
~ "Ni "No Wv
Home Economics Special Educational Teachers Piano Vio-
hn Voice. Expression Physical Edu cato
lhoroushy equipped Chemical Physical and Biological
has been e ~ NO '0N"s
For those who
Of the College ~ N't N"tiAO' 'o" "oS'
BGse OF an annual income of $4,000 besides cost
For catalogue special information address, III
J. c. ROGERS,
+" Piedmont College, Demorest Georgia.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
SHERIFF'S SALE
Georgia-Ben Hill County.

Georgia-Ben Hill County.
Will be sold before court house
door, said county, first Tuesday in
September, next, between legal hours
OF sale at public outcry to highest bid
der for cash 81 acres of land, living
and being in Ben Hill county, said
state, and situated in the northeast
corner of lots of land number 81, in
the fourth land district of Ben Hill
county, Georgia, said land being in
the shape OF square. Levied on as
the property of N. V. Russell to sat
isfy an execution from the City Court
OF Fitzgerald in said county, in favor
of Robert Maxwell and Tinsley
against N. V. RUSSELL.
This August 9, 1918.
Z, H. Dorminey, Sheriff.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16

From some sections reports have
reached the Georgia Department OF
Agriculture of a purpose to plant
wheat this fall But these are nothing
like in proportion to what should be
dorX IN meet the necessities OF the
situation. I he demand for food pro-
ducts this fall and especially for wheat
and other grains, is going to be larg
err than ever; and unless Georgia
makes her own supplies the people
Of this state may have difficulty in
getting what they will need.
Ii every farmer in Georgia will
plant at least two acres OF wheat to
each pillow, it will give us approx
niately 100000 bushels, an amount
which will easily be absorbed at the
prevailing good price. In planting
wheat the Department urges each far
Ter to select his best acres and to
egIn as soon as the crops are off
Ie land to prepare the ground thor
'ughly in order that he may get full
ield and good crop.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
CITATION

Georgia, Ben Hill County.
Whereas. w. O. ?. Sherman, guard
ian Of Lewis Harris. represents to the
court in his petition duly filed and
entered on record that he has fully
administered Lewis Harris estate.
This is, therefore, to cite all per-
sons concerned, kindred and credit
ors, to show cause, if any they can,
why said Guardian should not be dis
charged from his guardianship and
receive Letters of Dismission on the
first Monday in August, 1918.
4t. ]. r. Horton, Ordinary.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
GERMA SALIENT WIPED OUT

4 London. Aug. 1s.-The German sa-
lent that bulged ints the British
lines in the Hebuterne Sector, north
of Albert, has practically disappeared,
says Reuters correspondent at the
British front this afternoon
The Germans north of the Ancre
river have withdrawn as far as He
buterne, hotly pursued and harassed
by the British.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
GROWING HOGS

For hog to be profitable he must
be kept growing from birth to market
ing age. He cannot be profitable I'M
less he is healthy. He can always be
in proft-producing condition if he
is fed B. A. Thomas Hog Powder.
We positively tell you that this rene
dyc prevents cholera, removes worms
and cures thumps. If the powder does
not make good, we will.-Watt &
Holmes Hardware Co. ad-MF
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
SWIFT MADE MAJOR

Atlanta, Ga, Aug. l5-Representa-
tive Herman II. Swift, of Muscogee
county, has been notified that he has
been recommended for majors COM
mission in the department of the
Judge advocate general Mr.. Swift is
one of the popular members of the
present legislature, and the news of
his high commission will be OF inter-
est to many friends.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
CITATION
Georgia, Ben Hill county.

Georgia, Ben Hill county.
Q Whom it May Concern:
Is; is hereby given tht l. X.
re, as Administration OF Mrs. Ru-
K Luke, deceased, having applied to
= by petition for leave to sell the
al estate of said Mrs. Rutha Luke,
rTeascd; and that an order was made
reon at the August term. 1918, for
alton, and that citation issue, all the
,rs at law and creditors of the said
rs. Rutha Duke, deceased, will take
tee that I will pass upon said ap-
ication at the September term, 1918,
the Court of Ordinary of Ben Hill
unity, and that unless cause is shown
the contrary. at said time, said
save will be granted
\ This August s. 1918
J. r. Horton, Ordinary.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
VETS AFTER HOWARD

Atlanta, Ga, Aug. l5.-A majority
OF the soldiers at the Old Soldiers
Home here have signed letter ask
ing Howard to retire from the Sena-
torial race in the interest of harmony
in behalf Of William J. Harris.
Several Of the soldiers failed to sign
the letter. but the most of them were
willing to place themselves on record
in the race.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
'ENATE WILL TAKE UP
MAN-POWER BILL MONDAY

Washington, Aug. l5.-The IMAM
N'wer bill, making the draft age Is
As, was reported to the senate to-
ny by the Military Committee, and
i'll be taken up next Monday and
robably passed by Saturday.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
BROOKLYN BOY DECORATED

Paris, Aug. Observation-Disclosures
cannonading between the Disc and
Avre rivers last night (Lassigny sec
tori is reported
The Germans attempted raid on
the Marquise sector in Champagne
but were repulsed
Lieut.. Davis Putnam, of Brooklyn,
Mass. of the Lafayette Escadrille, is
now credited with bringing down ten
German aeroplanes and has been dec
GRATED by the French.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
CITATION
1eorgia-Ben Hill County.


10 All Whom 1t May Concern:
Mrs. e. w. Howe having in proper
torn applied to me for Permanent
Letters of Administration on the es-
tate of G. w. Howe. late of said
county, this is to cite all and singular
the creditors and next of kin of G..
W. Howe to be and appear at my
office within the time allowed by law,
and show cause, if any they can, why
permanent administration should not
be granted TO- MS GdW. Howe on
u. w. Howzss'estate. d 5.1 bed -.
Witness my hand and official sigma
ture this 5th day of August, 1919.
= r. Horton, Ordinary.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16

ready to harvest. Sugar cane is joint
ing and doing fairly well, and pea
nuts are being harvested. Fall gar
dens and turnips continue to be plant
ed and are doing fairly well. Farm
work is generally we'll advanced.
c. F. Won Hermann,
Meteoro1ogist.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
ANTI-TIPPING BILL PASSED

Atlanta. Ga, Aug. 15,-The anti-tip-
ping bill is ready for the governors
signature. both the senate and the
house having passed the measure pro-
hibiting the giving of tips in hotels,
pullmans and other public places.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
Won CAPPELLE RETIRED

BY Agency Radio, Zurich, Aug. Is.
Vice Admiral Won Bamnoke has
been appointed Marine minister by
the Kaiser to succeed Won Cappelle,
says German dispatches.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
GRADUAL MARKET
PLAN FOR COTTON
IS WELL RECEIVED

ATLANTA, GA.-Commissioner J..
J. Brown, of the State Department OF
Agriculture, declared today that farm
ers all over the state of Georgia are
responding strongly to the plan of
the Cotton States Official Advisory
Marketing Board, providing for the
general gradual marketing of the cot
ton crop.
Under this plan, the farmers of
Georgia and the South are agreeing
to retire every third bale and not to
market more than 20 per cent of their
crop in any one month.
Organization to this end, which is
rapidly being perfected in Georgia un-
der the direction OF the State Mar
ket Bureau, is already promising OF
splendid results. Chairmcn have been
chosen in each cotton growing cOun-
ty and these are securing their cam
vassers in the various militia districts
where the pledges OF the farmers are
DclnS rdpldly signed
THE plan adopted" said Mr. Brown
who is President of the marketing
Board for the whole south, already
gives promise OF splendid success.
We are not going to permit the mar
ket to be flooded or oyerstocked this
fall. Too often have we experienced
the fatal effects OF such market
plan. Through the movements which
she board has adopted and which |
am glad to see are being carried out
in Georgia and the other states. we
are going to hold the marketing OF the
crop to the basis upon which the sup
ply can be most easily and satisfac-
torily absorbed, which will mean that
cotton will come nearer to command
its fair and legitimate price"
AS time goes on there are increas-
, ing indications that the fuel situation
this fall will be, il anything, worse
=, than last year.
The State Department OF Agricul-
ture urges all farmers who can do so
70 prepare against this situation. not
only for themselves, but for their
neighboring communities, by cutting
cord wood and having it ready for de-
livery when needed. 1t looks now as
If every cord of wood that can pos
Sibly be cut for fall use will be needed
and consumed. The cutting should
begin about September 1st, when the
sap goes down in the trees, and CON
tiuued from then on through the fall.
Undoubtedly there will be de-
mand for cord wood this fall at a
good price and those who are in po-
sition to do SO, should take advan-
eage of it.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-08-16
ADAM GOULD.

W Ut ttdS9 &C.
A. J. Mcdonald.
Attorney for Mortgage. l9-26-2-9
The sun., 1918-08-20
TRANSFERS AND ASSIGNMENTS.


The following transfers and assignments
we're ordered yesterday, To take effect
A. NJ. August Is:
LIEyTENANTS.
Charles j. Schlunsen. Headquarters
Div. assignment changed from office of the
Police Commissioner TO The Tenement
John A. Park. Headquarters DIV. as
signed to the Chief Inspectors Stan, in
charge OF the mounted service.
TEMPORARY ASSIGNMENTS
PATROLMEN.
william ]. Wallace. 9TH Prec. to
Headquarters DAY.. to duty In Division
Of Repairs, for 10 days from A. NJ.
John oBrien. +?d Prsc,. to Hsadauar-
ters DIV. Division of Transportation. TO
duty as operator OF touring car. for II
days from A. NJ. August 10, during
absence of operator on vacation.
Miles r. Burke, lost Prec.. to Head
quarters Div. Div. OF Transportation. 10
duty as operator OF touring car attached
10 the 10Th and 18th Insp Dis. for n
days from s A. NJ. August 10.
Frank Timmins. Traffic Div, Motor
cycle Squad No. 2. to Headquarters Div,
10 duty In motorcycle repair shop, De-
partment storehouse. for Is days from
& NJ August 10.
Daniel McElroy, 2lst Prec.. to 1sth
Prec., assigned TO clerical duty. from
p. NJ, August II to A. M: Ssptam.
Der /; assignment to duty In rsided
premises In the Third Jnsp. Dis. discon-
iinued from I r. NJ. August IL.
The sun., 1918-08-20
ASBURY PARk.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
FORECLOSURE sALEs

SUPREME COURT. COUNTY OF NEw
YORk-BEsSf {: COLES. PlaintifI, against
CHARLES COHEN and others, Defendants'
closure and sale, duly made and entsrsd
in the aboye-entitled action and bearing
undersigned. the referee in said judrmen,
named will sell at public auction, at the
Exchange salssroom; No. 1915 Vesey
OF New York, on the 21st day OF August,
lgls: at II O'clock noon on that day, BY
S0sGPth h DAf: Avrtioneer; the premise:
therein described as follows:
ALL that certain lot, piece or parcel OF
thorough OF Mammalian in the civ OF New
York, with the building and improvements
thereon erected. known as Number 2S2
Madlsnn street ana bounded and described
BEGINNING at a point on the southeriy
and a.tecn feet Westerly from Dt thu H"n Inte".
Street ana the Westerly side dee Of Mon as1"
parallel With Gonssmer Se" Street 01 ninsy,
nine feet eight inches; thence westerly
parallel with Madison street twenty-five
feet to point opposite the center OF =
party wall: thence Northerly parallel with
Montgomery street and part 81 the way
hundred feet to the southerly slide Of
Madison Street; thence Essteriy along the
southerly side Of Madison Street twenty
Ave feet to the point the place OF beginning;
the said premises being located In Block
2ss; Section !; on me Land Map Of the
Hppurtenanccs. subject to The state Of
facts shown on. survey of Francis W. Ford
dated March a. 1900.
law WILLIAM W EoPpIN. Referee.
FREDERICK II CoMsToCK Attorney for
Plaintiff once & p O. ADDRESS No. IS
er,y to BE- sold; its stree, Number is rs
"Ao''0" ISL Madison street
The sun., 1918-08-20
FREAK WRECK ON
CENTRAL HURTS IL
Engine and Coaches Strs,On
Ouer Landscape. 49,,

BUFFALO. Aug -le.-An eastbound New
YORK Central express. train. which left
Buffalo at 3:25 O'Clock this afternoon.
was wrecked two miles west OF Bergen,
near Mann's crossing. The engine and
eight coaches left the rails and all ex-
cept one OF the coaches overturned In
the ditch. yet not more than dozei.
persons were injured and none OF them
was hurt seriously. ---.-..
The engine came to n standstill 500
feet away from the nearest coach. II
ran 1900 feet after leaving tire,traffs
and stopped in an orchard after crash
Ing through two telegraph poles. a num-
Der of cedar fence posts and trees.
Fireman w. X. Shelley came out with
out a scratch. Engineer Charles Wilkie's
feet were scalded by steam from a
broken pipe. but he was unhurt other
wise.
The injured brought to the Batavia
Hospital Included Mrs. Mary Mcmillan
OF North Bay. Ontario: Corporal Thomas
c. Meagher of the Training Detachment
at the Oswego Normal School, w. H.
Jones Of Buffalo, an express messen ger !;
v. Tartagley, New York Central labor
agent OF Syracuse; Tony Mazzarisl Of
Buffalo and Engineer Wilkie.
Between 1000 and 1900 feet Of tho
eastbound track was torn up and the
wreck Of the train. was complete. A
refrigerator, the next car back OF the
engine. a mail and baggage car and a
mall car were on one side In ditch on
the south side Of the tracks.
The fourth, a baggage car, lay at an
angle of 30 degrees to the tracks. The
next car a day coach. lay parallel with
the tracks with the forward part tammed
into the. wrecked baggage car, The
sixth car. also a day coach, was about
twenty-five feet from the roadbed and
parallel with the tracks. The seventh
is on one side and the eighth and last
car is Just OFF the rails.
The sun., 1918-08-20
Police Department Orders.

Edward j. Mcclure. 3sd Prec,. TO duty
on lamps. from A. NJ. August IL
Tho following applications for full nav
while on sick report are approved:
PATRoLMEN
Arthur A. Beatty, 2Sth Prec, from 7:so
A. NJ. August to II p. NJ August IA
Bernhardt A. sattig. 2sth Prso., from
$40 Z. ~ August 8, during disab iiity.
a:io <. II August !. SuriaH h d hss from
Jasper Rhodes. ssth prec., from "a,
a. n. August s to 10 p. NJ. August
John g, p. Motley, ara Prec,. from $50
Charles =. Patton. 53d Preo., from y:ls
Daniel J. Kelly, 67th Prec, from is:Ib
A. M. August s. during disability.
Edmund l.. Frosssrd, 87th Prec, from
rs p. NJ August 6, during disability
Edward Monaghan. iilth Prec., from
~ noon August to ~ +. NJ. August s..
Melvin Harvey. li2th Pree,, from s:iS
A. NJ. August 6, during disa bility.
Jacob KATE, llsth Prec., from 2:40
p. M, July rs to IL p NJ. July 81.
,.Aisxsndsr F. Otter, iisth Pree, from
william ]. wieGand. 18th Pree, from
1908 A. NJ, August 2. during disability.
The following death IL reported:
ACTING DETECTIVE SERGEANT I'd
GRADE.
John b. Ahern. No. SO, Detective Blu
reau. 23d Prec. DIV. died at New York
Hospital at $3.50 p. NJ August I6, from
meningitis of brain and spine. Funeral
from his late residence. es Perry strss1.
Manhattan. Intsrment Calvary csmstssy.
The sun., 1918-08-20
JUDGE OFFSETS MAIL DELAY
Palmer and Gurneu Go On Pri-
mary Ballot by Court order.

ALBANY, Aug. 1s.---Secretary of state
Hugo was directed BY Supreme Court
Justice Nichols to-day to place on the
primary ballots me names Of F. w.
Palmer and John W. Gurnett Demo-
cratic candidates for nomination as
Representative in Congress and state
Senator respectively from the Thirty
seventh and Forty-first districts.
Their petitions were mailed in Elmira
on the last day for filing designations
but failed TO reach the Secretary OF
States Office until after the time limit
had expired
The sun., 1918-08-20

Capt. r. A. Hefner appointed Major
First Lieut.. NJ. w. Richards appointed
Captain.
Second Lieut.. e. II. Enners. .Jr.. appointed
First Lieutenant.
Capts. ]. II. smsle and Hiiliard Comstoek
appointed Majors.
First Lieut.. H. l.. Harris, Jr retired
from duty recruiting service for duty.
ouartermaster Corps, to Washington for
temporary duty.
Capt. F. b. Anger, Jr.. TO Washington. for
duty.
Col. NJ. y. Falls from present assignment
to Camp Sheridan, Alabama. for duty
with sixty seventh Infantry.
J. ". Adams appointed Second Lieutenant
Quartermaster Corps to Camp Gordon.
Georgia.
Lieut. Col F. b. Richards from wash
ington to New York.
Major c. II. Nichols from present station
to Camp Macarthur. Texas, for duty.
The sun., 1918-08-20
Deny Fish Monopoly Guilt.

BosroN. Aug. 1s.-Galen L. Stone, a
banker. and Frederick C. Dumaine. a
mill treasurer. recently indicted with
twenty EIGHT others on charges OF con-
spiracy to monopoliEe the fish business
of this port. pleaded not guilty to-day
and gave bonds of $4,000. They were
Included in the general indictment as
directors of the Bay State Fishing Com
pany, but both resigned In March.
The sun., 1918-08-20
G.. A. R. VISITS SHIPYARD.
Veterans in Encampment Sc,
launching Mt Portland. Ore

PORTLAND, Ore, Aug. 19.-Thousands
OF delegates were present to-day at the
opening OF the ffty-second annual ma
tional encampment Of the Grand Army
OF the Republic. A feature OF the days
programme was an open air meeting at
shipyard, where the veterans saw a
wooden hull launched.
Ladies OF the @. A. r., Daughters O.
Veterans. civil war nurses and Women's
Relief Corps began business sessions.