The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1918-09-27

construction section VIII grant OF
Withhold the permit and so notify the
state council of defense and the indi-
vidual concerned.
Pigeon training has become an in
teresting as well as valuable activity
in the new army of the United States.
Pigeon lofts are maintained at many
of the army camps and aviation fields
throughout the country. Each loft
is numbered just as every air squad
ron and every regiment of infantry,
cavalry and artillery is numbered. The
birds are taken over by the govern
raw recruits; are fed and conditioned
to make them strong, and then are
given course of training just as are
human recruits in the regular estab-
tishment.
When the training of these young
pigeons is completed they go over
seas, the same as the soldiers. The
birds play their part on the battle
line, are killed and wounded, and some
are taken prisoner, but like the horses
and dogs with which they serve in the
great war, they are never decorated,
never cited for bravery in action and
never appear in the reports Of casual
ties.
Two of the flying centers where
pigeons are specially trained are Kelly
and Carruthers fields in Texas. Not
fewer than IS pigeons are sent over
seas from Kelly field every six weeks.
They come to Kelly lofts when about
three months old and are trained by
experts over a period Of six to eight
weeks before they are considered fit
for duty. The lofts are mobile, cor
responding to those in use in France
and when the training of the birds is
finished at Kelly field they are ready
to go directly to the trenches.
The first period of advanced training
of these pigeons comes with flock toss
ing, after they have learned to return
to their lofts when liberated at dis
tances of from two to twenty miles
from the field. That is, they are set
free in groups to prevent their being
confused and consequently separated
and lost. AS soon as they have been
liberated several times in this manner
and have found their way home again
they are taken out and tossed indi-
vidually. Each pigeon has a number,
and by bell devices at the entrance Of
the coop, their arrivals and the time of
their flights are kept on record. AS
soon as bird shows unfailing ability
to return home quickly he is ready for
service overseas.
A white flag is the signal most COM
monty used for training these messen-
ger birds. They soon learn that when
this white flag is raised over their lofts
they are to stay away for exercise, and
when the flag comes down they may
return for their food. On some fields,
when the birds stray considerable
distance from their loft, they are called
back by the rafting of tin pan.
To help the pigeons recognize their
cotes the latter are painted in yellow
and white stripes. No matter where a
pigeon from Carruthers field is taken
thereafter or In what direction, 1t will
not alight on any building except its
own loft, which means, of course, that
wherever the pigeons go, the loft from
which they were trained goes with
them 1t is only recently that the use
of pigeons as messengers has been at
tempted from airplanes. The birds
when used for this purpose are carried
in baskets In the fuselage and great
care must be exercised in releasing
them to prevent the propeller blades
from striking them. The aviators or
balloonists who handle them also have
to be instructed in the manner in
which they release the birds for flight.
Dropping the birds at high attitudes
also requires special forms of training
for the birds and instruction for the
aviator.
The war trade board has authorized
the importation of fresh tomatoes
from the Bahamas to New York when
they are moved as deck cargo on
Cuba New York mail steamers. Fruits
and vegetables are on the restricted
import list, but in this, as in other
similar cases, 1t is explained, the war
trade board has found it possible to
aid vital West Indian industries by
permitting tomatoes to be carried as
deck load without excluding other
more essential cargo and without i'm
posing any further demands upon ton
mage.
Under recent law the Uruguayan