davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-05-26

quantity Of the cereals to Vienna for
distribution in other parts of the
empire.
Hungary now has seen wheat-laden
vessels from the Ukraine go up the
Danube Just as Austria has seen them
pass by in order to feed the German
army. and there has been much bit
terness in consequence. but in peace
times Hungary does not want cereals
from the Ukraine or Rumania or any
other country. She wants them kept
out. and her own wheat manufactured
into flour and shipped abroad so that
her commerce may be stimulated.
But should a German peace ever
She would possibly stimulate Hunga-
rtan agriculture. which she declares
to be In q backward state, but she
would import or divert wheat from
other countries into Hungary as her
own interests required. That is the
economic aspect Of the situation.
On the political side Hungary Is
dependent on Germany, notwithstand-
ing the antasonism Of the Magyars to
the Teutons. She is threatened by
the Jugo-Slav movement for inde-
to the Jugo-Slavs is greater than to the
Teutons. because the Jugo-Slavs threat
en- definie loss Of territory. Conse-
quently. II Austria proper is unable to
throttle the Jugo-Slav movement Ger
many must be depended on.
Hungary refused last year to ex-
tend the "Ausgleich." or agreement
with Austria, for longer than Q two-
year period, one Of the reasons being
that she did not mean to put herself
in position where her economic
Evening star., 1918-05-26

search has been for the purpose of
determining who were the parents OF
this Miss Jackson, for that family Is
one of the oldest and most numerous
in the Great Falls and Difficult run
sections of Fairfax county. 1t was a
which the Rambler heard. James
Page also told Of several old family
burial grounds in that neighborhood.
There was more than one Jackson
cemetery. and one Of these. that on
the Jackson-Cutts place near Hitaffer.
the Rambler wrote of few Sundays
ago. There is also the Hubbard bury
ing ground. near the ruins of the
Hubbard home on tree-crowned
shrubby knoll surrounded by worked
fields east of the Ridge road. which is
dim and little-used wagon trace
ridge Just back of Great Falls.
Page said that the last of the Hub
bards he had heard of was William.
and when heard of last he was living
somewhere along the James river.
and. II he is still among the living,
he must be very old man. Another
of the ancient burial grounds in that
neighborhood is that Of the Jones
family. in a seauestered spot in the
woods off the River Bend road. near
the Rollins and Meeks farms. 1t
is in this holy acre in the woods
Indians lie buried. Then. there are
the Walker family burial ground.
near Forestville. two miles west of
Elkins. and the Bixler family grave
yard, near Four Corners. between
Dranesville and Seneca.
the bench beneath the trees. the RAM
bier resumed his way westward along
the pike. After passing between the
Page and Morris homes a fine old
Evening star., 1918-05-26

ory. The German military machine
quickly brought them to book. The
barges of wheat floating up the DAN
ube were the speaking evidences that
1t was Germany and not Austria who
controlled the Ukraine. and should a
German peace ever come this control
will be made more clear. Ukraine's
resources are for Germany and not
for Austria-Hungary
The Balkans, under German DOM
ination. are more distressing prospect
for Austria. Germany has to take
some measures to satisfy Bulgaria
in connection with Turkey. and she
takes those measures at the expense
Of Austria. Rumania becomes an
Austrian deficit instead of an asset.
The Rumanian oil fields are placed
directly under German control. Since
the Berlin banks own the Galician
oil wells, a trust probably will be
formed for their exploitation jointly
with those of Rumania. but Austria's
interests will receive little consider
exploited. The same Is true Of the
Rumanian wheat fields. Under a Ger
man peace they will be an economic
asset of Germany which will be used
to regulate the Austro-H Hungarian
production.
more to fear from Germany than she
was thought to have to fear when
Russia seemed likely to extend Slav
domination up to Vienna. Her econ
omic independence is completely lost.
She fs made to At into the middle
Europe scheme Just as Germany
wishes. But this assumes that the
polyglot peoples Of the dual empire
Will accept the disposition made of
their interests by the house of
HapsburE. There 10 always the pos
sibility that they will assert them
selves and fx their own place in
middle Europe. economically and
politically.
Evening star., 1918-05-26

will be quieted. But II 1t is stilled
the tranquility will only be on the
surface. Austria, to all intents and
purposes. has lost Bohemia, and Bo-
hemia is the industrial section Of the
empire.
1t may be doubted whether Aus
tria's making over Bohemia to Ger
many In itself will make easier the
middle Europe scheme. The Czechs
are not at all in favor Of this scheme.
They are looking forward to inde-
pendence, and they know there can be
no genuine political independence
without economic independence.
Germany is likely to have infinite
to the Teuton overlordship. particu-
larly since the hostilities of the
Czechs to the Teuton element among
them is intense. But the significant
thing is, no matter what statements
may be issued in Berlin and Vienna.
that Austria has lost control of Be-
hemia, and with this loss goes the
largest industrial unit in. the empire,
Hungary is yet to be heard from.
The Hungarians have been as hostile
to the Teutonic overlordship as have
been the Bohemians and the Jugo-
Slavs. The Magyars have determin-
scheme because they knew it meant
the complete loss Of Hungary's eco
nomic independence. This independ.
ence has been maintained as a part of
the "Ausgleich." or arrangement with
Austria, under which the dual empire
managed to exist.
Hungary provided her separate tar
IN and all the attributes Of sover-
eiCnty On i"int basis with Austria
Evening star., 1918-05-26

in their original propaganda touched
very lightly on the Balkans or Rus
sia or the near east. They could not
at the time anticipate the rise of the
Russian bolsheviki and the readiness
Of the bolsheviki to sacrifice Russia.
The widest pan-Germanists at that
period. which was less than three
years ago. did not dream Of the ter
ritory which would be made over to
Berlin by the bolsheviki. The most
that was hoped for was some measure
of gain in the Baltic and a possible
partition Of Poland. They. therefore.
willing. apparently. to divide with
feigned. nevertheless found some ex-
preston in the early plans for the
government of Poland, but these
promises have not been carried out
since the German power became more
potent through tho Russian demorali-
zation.
Germany, not Austria. dominates
Poland economically. The Baltic
provinces become absolutely German
lied and Lithuania is made an appen-
dage Of Germany. with little regard to
Austria'e interests.
The worst blow for Austria comes
in the Ukraine. Austria, as well as
Germany. made q treaty with the
Ukraine. It was assumed that because
Of contiguity Austria might be con-
coded something like q paramount In
terest there. Some Of the Austrian
ofiicials even went ahead on that the.
Evening star., 1918-05-26

tombstones. and on some Of these the
inscriptions may be made out.
The property Is now owned by En-
nest jenkins. who was a son of Owen
Jenkins. who was a son OF Samuel
jenkins of Loudoun county. Owen
Jenkins wife was Elizabeth Oden. and
Ernest Jenkins married Miss Pearl
Havener Of Loudoun county. daughter
of Edward Havener and granddaugh-
ter Of Thomas Havener. The home of
this branch of the Havener family
and this branch spells the name with
Gunnell house with the dormer win
dows are two young Jenkinses-E~e-
lyn, aged eighteen, and Charles lie
kov. aged seventeen.
Near the house. but very much
nearer the barn. is plot Of ground
of the iris family called the blue nag.
In this thick and rank mass of veg
citation are two old brown tombs that
are upright, but the soil has nearly
swallowed them and their tops are
below the top of the mat of flowers
prone and 1t was with a good deal
of effort that the lilies and the earth
could be cleared of the surface so as
to bring the epitaphs into view. The
first stone which the Rambler found.
an u upright MaesM one was W. I'M inscribed:
daughter OF William and Sarah Gum
nell. who was born the 18th of Sep
tember. 1895. and expired the 23d of
September. 1922. in the 9th year of
her age"
The second stone. PROSTATE and
nearly covered with earth and vege-
tation. was inscribed: I'm Memory of
Lewis Mix or Mickx. who departed
this life on the 27th of April, 1924,
about the thirty-fourth year of his
Evening star., 1918-05-26

schoolhouse is near the east edge OF
the village of Forestville, which has
settled itself along both sides Of the
pike and whose homes are set in
green gardens that are wide and deep.
Near the school is a narrow road
few farms 1t serves. 1t is just one OF
the many feeders" for the great.
hard, smooth and busy pike. 1t winds
along between trees and bushes for
half a mile or so and then comes to
open farm land. and in the vista there
a low, deep-slanting roof and dormer
windows. 1t was to visit this place
that the Rambler had walked from
the electric railway at Elkins.
Some time ago the writer of these
narratives mentioned Squire Gunnell.
Great Falls country during the civil
war period. as well as before and
after that time, and whose name Is
mentioned in sundry military reports
in the records of the rebellion as "a
noted secessionist" Sometimes he is
ist." He seems to have been very
active man, with strong southern in
c1inatfons. and to have had a potent
influence on the people among whom
he lived. The Rambler is not now
sure that this wide-fronted house was
believes 1t was, and it was certainly
one of the old Gunnell homes. The
Gunnell family was numerous in Fair
fax county long before the American
revolution. and consequently there are
various ancestral Gunnell houses.
ers whose every trace has been eff
faced. Near this particular Gunnell
home is a family graveyard where a
few of the graves are still marked by
Evening star., 1918-05-26

Later it became the horne of DR.. Tibps-
Alza Tibbs. On the right Of the road. In
little gray home sheltered by the green
boughs of big trees, lives James F.
Page. His intimate friends In that part
of the country call him Jim. He has
been living there for about forty years.
but he was born near Rockville, a son
Of Andrew Jackson Page of Washing
toms neighbor county. Montgomery. He
was Confederate soldier and he must
have been a very young one. for today.
though he has some years to his credit.
he is young man. His wife was Miss
Rebecca Jenkins, a daughter of Har-
rison Jenkins of Fairfax county.
X
Jim and the Rambler sat on a COM
Portable bench beneath the boughs of
one Of the big trees and fell to talking
of the Jacksons who still live in that
neighborhood. for it was only few
Sundays ago that the Rambler wrote
of his visit to the ancestral home and
burial place Of James Jackson and
recounted the Jackson-E Ellsworth
tragedy at Alexandria in the spring
of 1861. Mr.. Page said that Charlie
Jackson. who married Miss Eva Trick
EFT. lives near the Falls, and so do
Eph Jackson and Andrew Jackson.
Albert Jackson lives on Colvin run.
At the Page home 1t was thought
that the Rambler was trying to trace
out the heirship to some property. AS
the Rambler understood the case. it
would seem that the heirs of one Anne
Jenkins, who long ago passed away.
believe themselves entitled to a tract
of land or a sum of money. Anne Jen-
kins was a Miss jackson and the
Evening star., 1918-05-26
The Passing Of Austria-Hungary as am Economic Unit

strength could be bartered to Ger
many. Under the new developments,
however. she will have to determine
her policy pretty quickly. Germany
intends to force twenty-year treaty.
both economic as well as political and
military. on the dual empire. and to
make this effective Austria and Hun
gary would be required to have an
agreement covering a similar period.
This prospect is likely to cause
very bitter discussion at Budapest,
but in the end Hungary is likely to
submit to Germany, economically as
well as politically. Her submission
will be further evidence Of the dis
integration Of Austria.
This is the situation as 1t relatesfo
the dual empire within itself. Beyond
the borders the economic iron ring Is
frightened so that there can be no in
reference with the middle Europe
scheme. Naumann and his followers
Evening star., 1918-05-26

teer. After consultation with the
British. the American Medical Red
Cross research committee decided that
the best thing they could do for their
first winters research would be to
take up the problem OF trench fever
and its transmission. leaving the dis
covery of the organism as a secondary
confederation or one that could be
worked out later: because while the
exact organism might be found cas-
lily. 1t might, on the other hand, pre-
sen sent great dificulty; and. therefore.
Of the disease had better be the flrst
problem to attack. This was done.
with the hearty cooperation Of the
medical departments Of the American
and British armies and of the London
WAS 1t difficult to fnd the heroes?"
'No difficulty at all. but simply
question of choosing the men We
wished from among the many who
came out. Sitting on the Red Cross
research committee. representing the
surgeon generals ONCE. was an off,
Ger ranking high in the American
Medical Corps. He had been a lieu
tenant with Col. Gorgas in his work
application for the use of volunteers
to the assistant chief-of-staff of the
A. e. F. Of Gen. Pershing's staff. That
assistant chief-of-staf, now lieuten-
auI COLONEL, naQ Deen IN Cu02-ano.
at that time, was a lieutenant on the
stan Of Gen. Wood. The same arsu-
ments that had been gone through in
Cuba were presented again in France.
The same two friends looked at each
other, remembered the coincidence.
smiled at its striking character, and
put through the requisitions and their
granting with a rapidity that would
have been impossible had not previous
experience of such q matter paved the
way.
Some sixty-eight submitted to the
experiment. OF these, thirty-three
came down with experimental trench
fever. OF course. several were used
as controls. living under the same
conditions. and being given inocula-
within the length Of the experiments.
would not produce the disease. but
these injections had to be given. to
Drove . negative and give support to
Evening star., 1918-05-26

brick house. with big square CHM
neys comes into view. 1t stands far
back from the right of the road on
high ground. and between it and the
public way is large acreage Of land
green with tall clover. in which half
dozen fat horses were taking their
Sunday rest and Sunday dinner-a
meal which with them no doubt ex-
tended from before sunrise until long
after the sun had gone down behind
the Blue Ridge. Apple trees were
abloom about the place: ana ia at the the
as a soft wind rustled the leaves of
this tree 1t seemed to say to the
Rambler: ''I used to stand here and
watch the four-horse stages go by.
and in early summer passengers on
the tops Of the coaches used to reach
l have stood at this gate and watched
columns of Union and Confederate
troops march by, and whenever l
had ripe cherries to spare 1 gave
them freely to those men,"
This fine old place is now the home
of G. B. Cockrill, but was a Cornwell
home and before that Rowzer. or
Rowzee, home. Westward the Ram
bier tramped. passing the quiet.
pretty farm places of A. c. Specht,
H. P. Sanders. M. Davis. E. H. Hurst.
r. Passeno and Frank Van Patten.
That brought him to the Forestville
schoolhouse. a small frame building
on an old foundation of ironstone
pike in a grove of oaks, beneath
which all turf and humus has been
worn away by the feet Of the boys
and girls Of that fair country. The
Evening star., 1918-05-26
Red Cross Eliminates Trench Fever From the Allied Armies

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
PARIS. May 1e. 1918.
TN a palace Of the old kings. some
where in France. there is an
American medical Red Cross celeb
q rity who stopped to verrnin for
the sake Of our soldiers and French
and British.
Toward the front seventy clean,
fastidious young Americans consented
to deliberately receive the loathsome
Squirrels" or Lizards" on their per-
sons. in the hope Of wiping out trench
fever from the allied armies-that
new. peculiar and debilitating malady.
It never kills. nor is 1t dangerous. but
1t was the worst man-force taxer of
the front. by invaliding for a con-
;iderable period.
This is q story of our medical Red
Cross.
It came. and 1t found trench fever
established and weakening the west
ern front. 1t came, and saw and con-
Quered.
BY great favor. have been per-
mitted to interview Maj. Lambert.
In the palace Of the old kings I went
up, up-ln MODERN elevator.
when was trench fever first
noticed" I asked.
1.-THE English reported 1t In the
winter of 1916" answered Maj. Lam
bert. "They had a queer fever. which
they called pyrexia. Of uncertain
origin. Men came down with a sud
den access of fever. They had in
tense pains in the muscular insertions
where the muscles are Joined to the
bones They had headache and ting
ling Of their hands and feet"
Unusual symptoms?'
Eyes, like the breakbone fever Of dem
que, or breakbone aching in old-fashion-
ed grip. Nobody died Of it. but q great
many men went down with 1t, and 1t was
a serious drain on the number Of active
men in the front, for all these cases
came from the front, from the trenches.
In some regiment as high as 10 per cent
were affected.
'In studying this queer fever from
the point of view OF epidemiology."
continued the major. at seemed pos
sible that 1t might be conveyed by
some parasite. because 1t had no sea-
sonal variation, and did not break out
among men in the wards Of hospitals.
It did. however. break out among the
Evening star., 1918-05-26

as to foreign affairs. Her principal
resources were the vast wheat fields.
and the national policy looked espe-
cially to the stimulation of agricul-
ture. Under this policy the Buda-
pest flour mills Oecame one Of the
greatest industrial factors in Europe.
Germany has long looked on them
witA envious eye.
Hungary has maintained a tariff
that kept out the agricultural prod
ucts Of other countries. Notwith-
standing her Agricultural resources.
she has not been able to raise enough
cereals under war conditions to feed
her own people. and there have been
bitter controversies with Austria be-
cause she would not supply a larger
Evening star., 1918-05-26

q positive. That is what a control is
for.
"A1l the experiments showed that
lice that have bitten patients suffer
ing from trench fever have power,
after a week. to transmit the disease
by biting. 1t was further shown that
the injecting agent, whatever 1T may
be-that is to say, the specific living
agent or germ which transmits the
.disease-has not been separated"
The microbe?'
Yes. 1t has not been identified or
recognized, that 1 know of. up to now.
1t occurs in the fluid part of the blood
and not in the corpuscles-although
by centrifugalizing the corpuscles It
may be carried down with them. 1t is
never in the filtrates-that is, after
the blood is filtered through a bac-
terial filter the portions OF fluids
which pass through the filter do not
remaining back on the filter do con-
tain it,
Cannot the microscope reveal it?'
whether or not this injecting or
ganism or microbe occurs in the early
part Of the disease in some from that
10 not recognized as such, or whether
the method by which it may be stain
ed to become recognizable has not yet
been discovered. remains to be
proved. Certainly It has not yet been
demonstrated"
Its queer" I said. Can new mi
rrohAa corne jpfo eYisfepceo"
why new microbes" answered the
chief surgeon. A. r. C.
Its a new disease" l said.
Doubtless the microbe existed be-
fore. but had not connected between
lice and men," he said. Men existing
in lousy conditions simply had not
met lice which had acquired the mi
crobe. A similar thing happens in
those areas where mosquitoes occur
which are not infected with malaria.
ritory with malaria and the anoph-
eles will take 1t from him and be-
gin distributing 1t to men. all right.
In the southern United States. there
are always stergomier mosquitoes,
which convey yellow fever. but the
germ of yellow fever is not there.
hence we do not have yellow fever as
an endemic disease.
There are lots of men and vermin
at the front. AS to the microbe. we
know nothing yet about it. We have
simple a combination of lice. men and
the disease. Or. rather. we had. And
we have proved that if we annihilate
the lice we prevent the disease"
That isn't so worse. is it? Our boys
won't get trench fever.
"The entire problem now rests with
the delousing of three armies" en-
phasiZed the major. TT can be done
by heat or steam disinfection, but 1t
is some Job"
But this mysterious microbe,"
said; did it exist before?"
"Oh, yes. 1t must have. Has 1t been
brought from some foreign land to
a new habitat? Where did 1t come
from? Who first had it? Did some one
come with the disease and not the
lice? Did lice get the disease and give
1t to some one. or did men have the
disease, meet lice and give 1t to them!
We do not know. but We do know how
tn ston the disease. Delouse your
army and the disease ceases.
STERLING HEILIG.
Evening star., 1918-05-26

ducts besides hops and beet sugar, but
under the stress of war has not been
able to raise enough to supply the
population, and 1t is now confessed
that Austria. or the Austrian gov
ernment. has been unable to obtain
the rations which are necessary. This
has fomented the Bohemian discon-
tent and has given impetus to the
movement of the Czechs for independ-
once.
Not unlikely the disaffection in Bo-
hemia and the danger of a successful
revolt have been the chief reasons
for Austria ceding the control of Bo-
hemfa to Germany, for that is what
the recent arrangement means. The
German war machine may be able to
put down a revolt which the Austrian
government is unable to head of, and
the German war lords, temporarily,
may see that Bohemia gets food in
the hope that the popular disaffection