davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-01-31


g ECKIES
49, II ~ X 3 = XXX ~ * - 81 rs * &
Mrs. Arvi1la Fulger Of Thief River
Falls has purchased the Lyle JUDI
kins farm.
Ferdinand iStowasser is baling
wire grass for the Willow Grass Rug
CO. OF Green Bay, Wis.
Mrs. John Christianson and chill
.dren of Minneapolis are visiting with
her her-in-law, j. p. Christian son.
{ Rosfe and Bertha Krause and Hell
en- Sharples visited at the S George
Brennan home Sunday afterno ION.
ss$ Mr.. and Mrs. Selmar Klungseth
and family visited at the home Of
Barney Gibney, Sunday M : ,ss
Mrs. Walter Edwards and baby
visited the past few days with her
sfster.in-law, Mrs. Will Wheeler. ss5
Mr.. and Mrs. J. G. Ingersoll and
family spent sunday evening ct the !e
Lasater home. 5Ilts "A;
- John and Lowell Ingersoll were in
.Bemidji Saturday buying straw.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1918-01-31

= . < ~ x 4, x = y ~ Z 3
q l1EROHN 4.
3 ~ q 3 & y -. * ~ & r & S s
The stork paid visit at. the Al a Il
bert Nanzen nome Saturday, jan
nary 4 andsleft a daughter.
Melvin Braaten spent Sunday with
his family, returning to- Bemidti on On
Monday. 8s
Iiolph Braaten, who has been
working at Boy River for some time,
.returned home last Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. O. Roberts and
Family were visitors at the AlFSpeck
home Sunday afternoon. s n sls " Il ~ 5ss Il
The school in Dist. No 8 will open
FEBRUARY 4 and Miss Cline will be
the teacher Do III b III
Martin Moe has taken the con-
tract of logging for Amund SHam r
this winter d 3:.s
r. 10. Roberts was ~ business Wis
itor In Bemidji Saturday. 4. 4
Elmer and Alvin Roberts spent
Saturday evening at s. K. Braaten's.
The Busy Bee society will meet
next Sunday afternoon at 8 o'clock
in the Aardahl church. Every body;
invited.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
Death of Esther Gronfeldt.

Esther, eldest daughter of DR..
and Mrs. John Gronfeldt, passed
away at the family home at 9 o'clock
Tuesday evening. She had been ill
for about ten days and while it was
known to many of her friends
that the nature of her ailment was
such as to cause the deepest concern
and that despite constant medical
attention her life was gradually ebb-
ing away the news of her death was
received with mingled words of re-
greet and sorrow. The cause of
her death is given as splenic leuke-
mia.
Esther was a very bright and
promising young lady and univer-
sally liked. She was born at Sup
erior on August II, 1897. Her
parents removed to Hayward when
she was child and eight years ago
came to Hurley. Esther attended
the Hurley public schools and was
graduated from the high school
with the class of 1915. She then
went to Madison and matriculated
at the state university and continu-
ed her studies there in Letters and
Science for three years. She was
preparing to return to the univer-
sity when she was beset with i'll
ness and had the Great Redeemer
spared her life she would have
been graduated from the university
next June. Many words of praise
have come from her student mates,
both in the Hurley high school and
from the state university, attesting
to her splendid character and the
willingness and determination with
which she overcame the problems
which beset her in her efforts to
gain an education. Possessed with
the gift of readily absorbing know
ledge and coupled with hard work
she attained place in her student
life which won for her the admir-
alton of many. Her success was
particularly noticeable in that it
was all through her own efforts,
being forced to cope with problems
which do not ordinarily fall to the
/ 10. of the student who attains to a
university education.
/ She leaves to mourn her untime-
I ly death her parents, sister and a
/ brother. Funeral services will be
/ held at the Swedish Luthern church
/ il Ironwood tomorrow afternoon
with internment in Riverside GENE
terry.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

The managers of the Rex and Rial
to theatres ut IronwoOd have purch-
ased from Carl Becker the equipment
of the Garrick theatre and will cond-
uct this moving picture house hereaf-
ter. improvements to the interior
will be made and new projection
machine installed. The grand opening
under the new management has been
an nounced for next Thursday evening
Oct. Il, when the attraction will be
THE Heart of the Sunset" by Rex
Beach. The theatre will be known al
the Riyoli,
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Yesterday morning cash sales OF
s1O4, 100 of the Fourth Liberty Loan
were reported at the Iron Exchange
Bank. In addition TO this amount
Saxon has reported sales of $4,000
worth. Quincy $4,000, Kimball $3.50
and Mercer s4,65O, total of $119, 1OO
reported so far in the county. Several
towns are yet to be heard from. Chair
man Daniel Reid stated that it is
quite likely that the county will &c
$50, 900 and probably more over the
allotment of 500, 600
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
PAID ADVERTISEMENT

Authorized by and inserted by James Collins
Hurley, Wis for which he will pay 6Oc foi
each insertion.)
To the Voters of Iron county:
Having been urged by many of my
friends to enter the contest for sher-
if hereby announce that l will be-
a candidate on the Independent tick
ct as Republican at the general cleo
tion on Nov. 5. | solicit your vote
and support and if elected assure you
that the duties of the office will be
attended to properly.
Respectfully yours,
JAMES COLLINS.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
Notice of Application For Pardon.

To Whom 1t May Concern:
Please take notice that on Novem
Der 18th, 1918, application for pardon
win be made to Hon. f, l.. Phillip
Governor of the State of Wisconsin
on behalf of Peter Rosa, who was OF
the 9th day of November, 1908, con
victed of the crime of murder in the
first degree, in the Circuit Court o.
Iron County, Judge John X. Parish
Judge presiding, and was sentenced
therefore to Imprisonment for life il
the State Prison.
Dated, Milwaukee, Wis. October LIST
1918 Angelo Cerminara,
Al AZ Attorney for Peter Rosa
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

ArmandO Fantini, a former resident
of Hurley, died last Friday. Oct. 4,
at Kenosha. He was victim of Span
ish influenza, followed by pneumonia.
He was about 30 years of age and is
survived by his wife. He, resided in
Hurley number of years, being en-
ployed in mines and later conducting
saloon and confectionery store in
the Bonino block, He left Hurley alb
out year ago.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

If you have any old clothes which
are still serviceable send them to the
Red Cross rooms and they will be
sent to the suffering Belgians. Ship
ment must be made next Tuesday.
The Red Cross members in charge of
the work of gathering old clothes re-
port that the response to the call in
Iron county has not been as fruitful
as it might have been.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
Notice of Election of Officers.

The annual election of officers for
the Iron County Chapter of the Am
erican Red Cross will be held on the
fourth Wednesday of October at s o.
clock in the evening in the Red Cross
rooms in the high school building.
A. j. BaWden. Sec
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
To the Voters of Iron County:

To the Voters of Iron County:
AT the request of my many
friends wish to announce that
will be an independent candidate
at the general election on Nov. 5tt
for the Office of County Treasurer
Having finished second in the five.
handed race at the primaries,
earnestly solicit the vote and sup.
port of every voter in Iron county
Respectfully,
JOHN II. LUCIA.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
VIII TMAN'!S
- PHARMACY -
DRUGS and JEWELRY

We are in receipt of letter from
Harlow Whitman in which he saws
that he has been transferred TO anot b.
er part of Camp Greenleaf, Ga, and
placed in the general infrmary and is
assisting in surgery. He says there
are quite a number of FLU" cases in
his camp but not as many as reported
at other training camps.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

1t is deliciously palatable, agrees
with the weakest stomach, contains
the most soothing, healing, strength
ening ingredients. Natures gift to
make you well and happy Hollister 8
Rocky Mountain Tea. 35 cents, Tea
or Tsblets. j. +. Sullivan
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

a. Nolarcheck, who resides in the
'ulahd mine location and VINO has
a'U near Meadville, was arraigned
municipal court The fore part of the
e.A on charge of poisoning cows
'e''ed by Louis Warren, whose
"a 'uloins Kolaracheck 8. A COW
i've calves belonging to Mr.. War.
uiea from eating paris green and
4 charged that Kolarcheck placed
pO'Soh together with some salt in
!. pasture At his hearing Kolarch.
N MY I1I'aFed he would plead guilty and
~" probably be taken to Ashland
O'7 Judge Risjord today.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Roy Allen, one of Uncle Sans sail
or boys, visited with his folks here
the fore part of the week, leaving Wed
nesday evening to rejOin his ship at
Newport News, Va. Roy enlisted in
the navy about four months ago and
since completing his training at Great
Lakes has made two trips across the
pond.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

John Jewell received message TIL
ursday morning announcing that his
sou, Sergt. RObt. w. Jewell, is i'll with
pneumonia at Camp Grant. Robt. is
a member of the 18th Co. OF the 161st
Depot Brigade.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Hurley teachers went to Ashland
yesterday morning TO attend the ann
ual sessions of the North Wisconsin
Teachers Association. The sessions
will be continued throughout today.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Another Hurley boy has joined the
forces in France. Neil Brennan re-
ceived card yesterday afternoon an
nOuncing the safe arrival of his son
Leo lover there. Mr.. Brennan now
has two sons in France, Sergt Thos.
Brennan, member of the Black hawk
division, setting foot on French soil
few week ago.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Strayed-Two sOrrel bay horses
with white spots on foreheads. Weigh
between $500 and 1000 pounds. lnfor-
nation regarding the Whereabouts of
the animals should be left at Jack
sons ar: store.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

st. Joseph Court No, PA, c. 0. F.,
held installation of officers Wednes-
day evening, Deputy High Chief Ran =
ger j. Z. Young of Ashland acting as
installing officer.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

2. H. Aspinwall went to Ashland
Tuesday afternoon and in the even
ing conducted the installation of of
fieers for the Ashland lodge of the Cat
hoIic Order of Foresters.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

a message announcing the serious
l0eSa with pneumonia of Everett
person at Camp Custer reached here
r. friday. Mr.. Pierson left for Camp
'uS'Vr the evening. Later reports
''e mat the young man was recover
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Mrs. Chas. Galdabini and Mrs.
eanrlce Johnson, of Ironwood, were
Nlled to Barron Sunday evening by.a
passage announcing the illness of
heiT parents.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Due to the order of the Board of
Health the Hurley Presbyterian chu-
rch will hold no services until further
notice. Rev. Chester l.. Harries, past
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
Hurley Public Library.

Library open every evening except
ing Thursday from to Q o'clock and
Saturday afternoon from 3tO 3 O'Clock
Irene HOulehau
Librarian.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
The Lutheran Church of Hurley.

BY order Of the health department
of the city the church is not to be op-
eued to Sunday morning nor to the
Sunday evening eorshipers,
l.. J. AveLallemant,
Pastor.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

DR.. and Mrs. A, Uren, after a resi-
dence of many years at Montreal, de-
parted Wednesday evening for Cali
fornia TO make their home.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

|Ornn Poole and VIM. Paradise left
p Madison Sunday evening to enter
Fe Students Army Training Corps
the state university.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

ICllttOrd Reible has returned home
pom keewatin, Mimi, where he has
Fen employed the past few months.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Rev. Q. L. Harries returned yester-
day morning from Wausau, where he
attended the Presbyterian Synod.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

George Dressely and Clayton Gard
ner, who went to Madison to enroll in
the 5. A. I. c., returned home We'd
nesday.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Donovan have
burned from Clintonville and are
|sltlng at the Noldin home.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

The Hurley high school foot ball
Fam will play the high school team
Min0cqua today.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

PAID ADVERTISEMENT
tAuthorzed and inserted by John H Lucia Hur-
ley. Wis, who will pay Sl.00 for each inser.
ton Thereof
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

VS..
Daniel Prenevost,
Defendant
The State of Wisconsin, To the said
Defendant:
You are hereby summoned to APP
pear within twenty days after service
of this summons, exclusive of the day
of service, and defend the above on
titled action in the court aforesaid,
and in case of your failure so to do,
Judgment will be rendered against
you accoi ding to the demand of the
complaint; of which copy is here
with served upon you,
George G. Foster,
Plaintiffs Attorney
p. o. Address: Hurley, Iron
County, Wisconsin 37-42
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
Phone your news itemsto the News

FOR Sale-Y oung pigs. Inquire OF
George Prosek. N
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
FOCAL NEWS AND COMMENT
PERSONALS :. TERSE TALES
nommunifg Life As II Looks in Print
Joseph Charbonneau transacted
klsiness at Neenah this week.

Matt Plunkett, of ManitOwish, was
Hurley visitor Tuesday.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12

Fresh buttermilk always on hand
at the Hurley creamery. Per gallon,
II cents. Ask your dealer for clio
yer Blossom" butter.
Iron County news. [volume] (Hurley, Wis.) 1913-1950, 1918-10-12
State of WISCONSIN

Circuit Court Iron County
Lena Preneyost,
Plaintiff
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
SOME SOLDIERS PRIZE.
SOME NEED UNIFORMS

1T must be obvious" said senator
Ashurst. In explaining the purpose Of
his measure to me. that every sol
der highly prizes hls uniform. So-ne
are so circumsta need that they will
want to wear their uniforms and
save the expense Of an extra suit of
clothing after they are discharged
Moreover. MS the years go by and
reviews are held. each soldier will
want to wear his uniform In parades.
In September. 1915, I saw thousands
Of Union and Confederate veterans
march up Pcnnsylvania ave--the
same avenue UP which they marched
after the close OF the ciyil war. so
years before a few Of them
wore the same uniforms they had
worn In 'G5. which they treasured as
priceless
THE government can make no use
Of discarded uniforms. and II IL re-
tains them. they will only be moth
eaten and destroyed
AS to granting 90 days pay to
each soldier. sailor and marine after
his discharge. we must not forget
iiNI We iiHFt ibfFD AiiFHf Hl'7it ouA VI
gainful occupations and have
wrenched them from civilian life. and
they have served civilization with a
courage and valor beyond eulogy.
1T will cost the United States
i240 900 900 to grant our men this
extra 90 days pay. but the patriotism
of the people has been so well proved
In this war that, while this sum of
money seems large, II will be cheer
fully paid. In my judgment. II means
only s240 per person for the 100000
900 people in this country.
'This payment. amounting to ap.
proximately 500 TO private. will
give the soldier come means on which
to travel and replace himself in civil
life.
II am going to appeal TO the Amer
lean people to support this bill by
writing their senators and reprcscn
tatives. urging early and favorable
action on It,"
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11

FOR FREE
UNIFORM

WASHINGTON. p~c. ii.--Give
every discharged United States sol
dicr. sailor or marine his uniform
and with II 90 days extra pay.
That's the plan Senator Henry =.
Ashurrt. OF Arizona. wants the gov.
ernmcnt 10 adopt as part OF its de-
mobilization program.
Senator Ashurst knows that the
average soldier will come out OF the
army without "A buffalo nickel 90 his
name. and that he'll have to buy =
suit OF civilian clothes to replace hiz
uniform. under existing laws.
SO he has combined two objects in
one bin. which he has introduced in
the senate. II was the first bill -.
.soduc@d at the December session of
congress.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
IT'S UP TO YOU
TO STOP FLU,
SAYS M'bR|DE

Responsibility for curbing In
fluenxa In Seattle now rests On
the individual. and every one
must do his share to combat it.
This was the appeal made by
Health Commissioner Mcbride
"Wednesday.
The Importance OF everyone keep
ing in good physical condition can
not he overestimated." he declared.
AN individual in good physical con-
dition cannot contract influenza.
Personal neglect is the chief OBJ
stacle in the way of combating the
epidemic
The fact that n large daily aver
age OF influenza cases are being re-
corded in Seattle. with relatively
small percentage of deaths. indicates
that the second wave of influenza is
lighter than the first This is the
belief of city physicians Wednesday.
following more than a week Of OBJ
servation.
No deaths and 2ia new cases were
reported by noon "Wednesday. Tues
day. 420 cases and Is deaths were
reported During the past epidemic
an average of between 20 and s5
died each day. with between 800 and
400 cases reported
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
BERGER JURORS
BEING SELECTED

CHICAGO. Dec. 1i.-Eleven jurors
had been selected today In the
Berger trial before Federal Judge
Lands.
VIM A. Guinea, counsel for the
defense, was to argue at the open.
ing OF court for dismissal OF one OF
the III by peremptory challenge
after he had been accepted. Thirty.
one men have been called and five
challenges used on each side.
It was expected that the hearing
noon today.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
Sugar Bowls Are Still Missing
In Some Seattle Restaurants

Dozens of Seattle restaurant men
are so busy making money that
they haven't time to keep track OF
the food regulations.
Some of them evidently don't
know that the food administration
has ruled that sugar bowls. filled
with sugar. ought to be placed back
on the tables.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
BERLINERS ARM
FOR CONFLICT

BERSE. Dec. ic,-fSightD-T'ht
situation In Berlin Is growing worse,
according to n Wo'ff bureau as
patch from that city.
Workmen are collecting machine
guns and munitions In the suburbs
The military commandant Is concen-
trating troops. but they are not per
mitted In the streets because OF the
danger of causing conflict.
The workrnen's and soldiers com
mittee demanded the arrest Of Karl
Liebknecht and Rosa Luxempurg
radical leaders.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
SPORADIC
CASES NOT
EPIDEMIC
Influenza Has Run Its Course, and the
Country Need Not Fear Recur-
renee, Declares Head of United
States Public Health Service

WASHINGTON, d. c. Dec. 11.-In view of serious
occurrences of influenza epdemcs in many parts of the
country Surgeon General Rupert Blue of the United States
public health service has issued. thru the Washington
bureau of the Newspaper Enterprise association this
assurance:
THE country need not fear that the influenza epidemic
Will return. 1t has come and gone for good"
Dr. Blue explained that sporadic outbreaks of the dis
be expected in various parts of country as in
Ut epidencs, and added that 'ke the poor have in
fuenxa always with u.s."
Dr. Blue doesn't believe there will be- this winter an
other such general visitation that which has exacted
toll of $4,000 civilian and 10000 soldier and sailor lives
this country.
Influenza still reported from coast to coast
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
Principles
OfAulerica
Acceptable
High French Official Says
Our Ideals Are the
Same as Theirs
EAGER TO SEE WILSON
ny JOHN DE GASDr

Omitted Press Staff Correspondent
PARIS. Dec. ii.--FrHnce " In
eatiro sgre<usrnt with Prest6sut
Wilson's prineiple-, . Freurh Of
ficial de~Iased In an Interview
with thu United Prvns today. lie
nASsxi. hOweser. that tise Amcrt
can executives interpretation Of
his II prsee -points viii make
their spplicaalon eaNier.
We are eagerly awaiting the ar
rival OF President Wilson" the Of
fetal said. Il desire to rciterafe TO
the American people that. despite all
r.o-nt rumors. France entirely
agrees with President Wilson's prin-
cipt~s.
"cl~m~nceau's democracy Ia vii.
sons. Amcrsea's ideals are those Of
France. IL ve do not talk about
them 80 much right now, IL is be-
cause - AR more imrre-sed by
what The Germans have done ~. VI.
ointion Of them.
I'VE must first deal with the ma.
teriai questions which are vitality i'm.
portanf. IL IL for President Wilson
to interpret hts points. after which
the application viii be rendered
easier.
Qucnaion Of Indemnity
"wc have decided that Germany
mus, pay In full for the dasnslge she
has wrought The amount is inde-
terminate at present Demand for
more than rcparation is the only
po9sible subject for differences OF
opinion.
President Wilson is likely TO ask
the allies 10 adop; measures enabling
Germany 60 maintain her economic
liberty. which the allies will accept
but, concerning the league OF ma
tons. Germany should enter n pc
nod Of probation before she is ad-
mitted to fun membership. The
changes In German political condi-
tons cannot be accepted as proof Of
her good faith. Time only will tell.
we feel natural reserve re
garding freedom OF the seas. owing
to Great Britain's insularity and the
scope of her dominions. But this
should not be hard to settle.
We shall not try To change any
OF President Wilson's views. some of
which. however. are 80 pbrased as
TO give rise to various interprcta-
tons. These undoubtedly will be
cleared up"
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11

or II the restaurant men do know
about It. some have neglected to fol.
low the suggestion.
Disgruntled customers declare
that their favoritc eating places evi-
IDENTIFY like to make wartime sugar
profits, despite the fact th2t the
war Is over
But not all Seattle restaurants
are hiding their sugar bowls.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1918-12-11
SAYS TEUTONS
FACE POVERTY

,ogpe eitung warns against possible
bankruptcy Of Germany ana de-
elares that unless the financial SIT
nation is improved the Germans VIII
be unable TO pay either their taxes
or the indemnities expected to be
demanded by the allies
'The present sociaiistic govern
uent with IT. continual demands
for higher wages while Germany is
unable 10 produce or export, ~
hound TO hasten bankruptcy the
newspaper says.