davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17

content of protein, and this naturally lowers the cost of production as, during normal periods soy bean meal sells at practically the same prices as the best grades of cotton seed meal With more extensive production of the soy bean crop the price of the meal prob ably will decline.
 Another reason for the feeding of smaller amounts of soy bean meal as compared with cotton seed meal re- suits from the laxative character of the former material. Stocknen who have used it for several years assert that soy bean meal must be used with caution at first so as gradually to ac- custom the farm animals to the new feed while care must be exercised. be- cause or its laxative nature, never to oVerfeed the meal. They also report that the feeding of this meal in the ration markedly improves the coat and general condition of the animals.
 ALL HOMEGROWN FEED
 Where alfalfa and soy beans can be raised on the live stock farn. there is no need for purchasing any feed if corn adequate to supply the year -aroud re- quirements of all the live stock, These materials will develop and fatten the farm animals when used in the proper mixture and will favor a practical TO- tatlon and the improvement of soil fertility while they also make for the annual money cropping of animal prod ucts rather than grain and hay,
 The soy bean, the most promisins. and profitable forage and grain crop which has been widely popularized iii the United States during the last dec- ade merits trial on every live stock farm and introduction into the perma- nent cropping schedule wherever the results indicate the wisdom of such nrOcedure.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
SOY BEAN PUTS MEAT ON STOCK

Soy bean meal is a source of home grown protein which should interest ev- cry stockman, says the United States department of agriculture, particularly when concentrates rich in protein are high in price. Several varieties of soy beans have been adapted and acclimated to every section of the country so that the crop can be profitably produced in every state now engaged in live stock husbandry. The soy bean is the one crop which provides il practical way for the farm production of the grain pro- tein which is needed for feed for dairy cows, beef animals, sheep, swine and poultry.
 On impoverished lands in the south soy beans yield form 10 to Is bushels of grain to the acre and in so doing the crop also improves the fertility of the soil because of the leguminous nature of the plants. There are a number of hand power and gasoline grinding mills of standard make now on the market which can be purchased at from $10 to $50 each and will reduce soy beans to palatable meal form A gasoline en- zine to operate one of these mills will cost from s35 to s75 or more, dependent on the make, size and quality.
 HIGH OIL CONTENT
 Due to the relatively rich oil content Of soy beans it is advisable to grind a mixture of three parts of corn to one part of soy beans as in this way a practically balanced grain ration is supplied while difficulties due to the cumming up of the mill are avoided Soy bean meal contains from AS to AS per cent of protein as compared with 3S to 41 per cent of protein in the com mon varieties of cotton seed neal It IS essential to feed smaller amounts of soy bean meal on account of it's greater
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Community Fairs Held

The open season for community fairs is on and many north Alabama communities are availing themselves of this great opportunity to make pub lie the fruits of the years labor, in order that each one may learn of the success of others and get 8 valuable lesson therefrom. Such fairs were held recently in Limestone. Marshall. Winston and Lauderdale counties. The interest is indeed great and the state and county agricultural extension leaders are thankfully gratified that some of their plans and instructions throughout the year are now being realized. says P. o. Davis. assistant Boys club agent of the Alabama eX. tension service.
 Ono of the best community fairs held this season was at Oxford. com- munty 16 miles west of Athens in Limestone county. County agent Fred Stewart has done special work in this community. which has travelled from one of the most backward to one of the most progressive within a very few years, This fair was con- crete example of the value of the county agents work.
 Community fairs are new In Ala. bama. but their importance has been clearly demonstrated. They occupy a field untouched by county and state fairs. which they greatly support. That they are a great agent for solv- ing the rural problem there can be no doubt.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17

900 bushels; present value, $3,271,000.
 Oats: Probable production, 11,077 ,00o bushels; present value. s11,741, ,0oo.
 Aggregate value, $420,310 00o
 This aggregate value compares with about $311, 100000 for the same crops last year, and represents an increase of approximately 35 per cent in the gross income of the Alabama farms from the crops named. It is not prac- ticable at this time to say what pro- portion of this production will be ac- tually sold and turned into cash. but with an increase of B per cent in the aggregate it is safe to say that the Alabama farmer will have just that much more money than last year. to say nothing of being in better finan- cia1 shape to place it where he likes.
 SOME DECREASES
 Tn the above forecast corn, velvet beans, cowpeas and syrup show de- crease from last years production, while all other crops give promise of larger aggregate yield. Most of this increase is due to increase in acre age though cotton and oats show a better prospect of acre yield. Dry weather, plant diseases, and insects have left most crops in lower condi- tion than the average, but all prices are higher and the aggregate increase of IA per cent in cultivated acreage will make excellent returns
 The total production of cabbage has been 50 per cent greater than last year. the greater part of this increase coming from the largely increased commercial crop in Mobile county
 Apples and pears have yielded a much larger crop than usual through out the state, the present condition being 20 points above the average.
 It is understood that the figures given in this statement are in no sense an estimate for the present season, but is merely a tentative translation of the meaning of present conditions. The final estimate for the years pro- duction will not be issued until De- cember. as usual
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Investigating Cotton

In announcing the completion of a series of hearings regarding the re- cent extraordinary disparities in tho prices of cotton as quoted on the fu- ture exchanges and by the spot mar kets. the department of agriculture says that since the investigations be- gan, the disparity in the quotations has been considerably reduced and for the past five or six weeks the rela- tlonship has been nearly normal
 Assurances have been received, ac- cording to the department announce ment, that specifications requiring the use of h-grade cotton are being eliminated from government contracts. and 1t is believed that a market Is being opened up for the surplus stock of 1ow-grade cotton.
 It Is anticipated that the bureau of markets, which conducted the inyesti- gaticns, will be able to make a com plete report to the secretary of agrI- culture at an early date. Since March the bureau has been trying to secure the utilization of low grade cotton and has a representative in Europe for this purpose. It also endeavored tn assure through it's contact with tho spot exchanges the accuracy of uuo- tations for cotton of grades other than middling.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Corn Diseases Studied


 Investigations of the root, stalk and ear rots of corn, started last spring by the United States department of agricul- ture in cooperation with the Purdue university agricultural experiment sta- ton, in Indiana. have resulted thus Tar in survey which shows that the root rots are present in all of the corn growing states and that the careful se- lection of disease-fr seed is an impor. tant means of combating this and the other rots. The use of infected seed IS responsible for the introduction of the disease. Their chief effects noted readily are blighted plants, spindling stalks and stalks with the ears either partially formed or completely retarded and re- sulting in barrenness. Sweet corn, 1t has been found, seems to be more subject to these rots than field corn, and espe- cial care should be given in a selection and care of seed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
aue You ALabanans Made Sacrifices? Think of
Dairy Day Big Success

Dairy Day at the college creamery at Auburn on October was one of the
 best meetings of this nature ever held in the state. There were about 60 pres ent and the interest shown was SUI perb. Those in attendance were from Macon, Chambers and Lee counties, which is the territory from which the college creamery obtains cream.
 The meeting was in charge of w. H.
 Eaton, assistant dairy husbandman Of the Alabama extension service and the United States department of agricul- ture. The program arranged by MT
 Eaton was one of very special inter est to the darymen. the larger DOT tion of it being in the form of demon- strations rather than formal talks. The demonstrations in butter making, Bab- cock milk test, and cattle Judging by Messrs. Bragg, Newlander and Monta- que were well received. During the forenoon the college dairy barn and dairy herd were inspected, and so in teresting was this part of the pro- gramme that luncheon was delayed for I30 minutes
 dairy products luncheon was served at l o'clock in the creamery building
 by Mrs. Bessie c. Moore. home demon- stration agent for Lee county. As it's name indicates, this luncheon was com posed almost entirely Of dairy prod ucts, the menu consisting of cottage cheese sandwiches. cottage cheese cro- quettes, cottage cheese salad, sweet and butter milk and ice cream. Ground
 peanuts were used with the cottage cheese in making the croquettes. The salad consisted very largely of cottage cheese with a small amount of chopped fruits and celery Those present pro- nounced it one of the most delightful and palatable luncheons they had ever had, and all were loud in their praise of Mrs. Moore. The home demonstra- tion agent from Macon county was pre-
 vented from helping to prepare and serve this luncheon because of influ- enza. This also reduced the attend ance by nearly half, even though the crowd was sufficiently large as it was to make a most creditable showing. The afternoon session was taken up by discussion on Feeding the Dairy Cow for Profit" by Prof. George S. Templeton, and a general round table discussion of kinds and amounts of feed to use.
 This was the first of what is pro- posed to be annual dairy day at the college creamery. It is believed that these annual meetings can be made very valuable indeed both from the standpoint of information and in a so- cial way.
 At this meeting steps were taken looking towards the bringing in of a car load of high class dairy cattle to each of these three counties. Orders for nearly a carload were taken after this meeting.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Protein Feeds Scarce

During the last year many hog grow CTS have had trouble in securing suffi- clent amounts of protein feeds with which to balance the corn ration for their hogs The feeds generally used for this purpose are shorts or middlings, tankage and oil meal were hard to get even at high prices. There is likely to be a shortage again this year in these feeds and the United States department of agriculture suggests that hog grow CTS should prepare to meet the situa- tion.
 Alfalfa hay may be used to balance the corn ration. It may be fed success fully in either of two ways, in the hay form or in the ground form. In the hay form it should be fed in small racks placed in protected sheds where the hogs may get it when they please and Tn comfort. Ground alfalfa hay may be fed dry Tn self-feeders or soaked in the form of thick slop.
 Rye pasture, soybeans either thrashed or as hay or ground as meal, rape ana oats are also suggested as substitutes for the more common protein feeds. Ihe government urges the necessity of every hog grower studying conditions in ms own locality and getting such of these feeds as best fit his needs.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
CONDITION OF ALABAMA CROPS|

A translation of the crop reports recently issued by Field Agent Gist referring to conditions on October l, into terms of probable production and multiplying those probabilities by present prices of the products in crops for Alabama this season, from which good many Liberty Bonds might be bought and paid for.
 The following statement shows the forecasted production of the crops named in Alabama, which comprise the principal products of the field in this state. The figures represent the probable production of these crops as indicated by conditions on October upon the acreages estimated earlier in the season, and compare with the final estimate of the same crops last year. The values given are in each case ar rived at by computing the present prices into the probable production.
 Both production and values may be more or less as conditions change from this time to final harvest:
 Corn: Probable production, 70,996,- 900 bushels; present value. s117,S53.o0o.
 Cotton; Probable production, S90,CO0 bales; present value, s13s.2S5,o00
 Cotton seed Probable production, 400,500 tons; present value, s27,2S4,- 900
 IedHulS. TTopaDle pfouuCllon, GV,- S6S,0o0 bushels; present value, $25,460,- 000
 Velvet beans: Probable production, 772000 tons; present value, S19,300,0 900.
 Hay: Probable production, 1,657,000 tons; peresent value. s3o,654,00o.
 Cowpeas; Probable production. s2, 902,O0O bushels; present value, s5,S04, 0o0
 Syrup: Probable production, 19,764,- 900 gallons; present value $15. 5.S11 900.
 Sweet potatoes Probable produc- tien, 16,56S,000 bushels; present value. $14,911 ,000
 Irish Potatoes: Probable produc- ton. 5.340,o00 bushels; present value, s99S6, ,000
 Wheat: Probable production, 13s0,-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Health Means Good Meat

A large amount of fat is not essen +;aI to wholesome meat and it is far y,ore important that an animal bc iu good health than it is 10 be extremely fat.
 Never Xiii an animal that Is losing flesh is a maxim that is followed py butchers, and observation points to a logical reason. When an animal is faii- ing in flesh the muscle flores are shrinking in volume and contain corre- spondingly less water. As coisse- nuerce the meat is tougher and drier. When an animal is gaining in flesh tie opposite condition obtains and q better quality of meat is the result Also. a better product will be obtained from an animal in only medium flesh' but gaining rapidly, than from very fat animal that is at standstill or that is losing flesh.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Wade's Letter

We are in receipt of the following tele- gram from reliable authority in Wash ington: There appears to be general concert of action to put down the price of cotton and keep it down. It is re- ported that the spinners are adopting hand-to-mouth policy and will buy spar ingly and only as they are compelled to have cotton. This, with other things, will cause a limited demand and tend to further lower prices. Farmers should meet this situation by declining to sell until the spinners need the cotton and are willing to pay fair prices for 1t. Suggest that you issue a statement urg- ing farmers to hold ever bale of cotton until the market reacts to previous lev els, which it will do. Farmers should not sacrifice their cotton because there is a combination of interests trying to beat the price down."
 The above message is significant of the attitude of the bear interests who find sympathy in political circles of the north, east and west with their political center in Washington, There are, in my opinion, enough dollar-a-year men, who subscribe to this bearish attitude of ficiating on war boards in Washington to create bearish governmental senti- nent The situation is easy going for the bears under the whip of price-fix- ing.
 Farmers should protect themselves by holding every bale of cotton after their debts are paid until they are offered satisfactory price This policy could do nothing less than to provoke price-fixins which could be no worse than the pres ent state of affairs. Surely the liked price would not be less than the pres ent manipulated and depressed market. 1t should be more. Taking all the items of cost into consideration and allowing reasonably fair profit for taking the risk, niddling cotton should not sell for less than 35 cents per pound. This would sat- isfy most of the cotton producers They are not profiteers as charged by the speculators and politicians of other sec tions Every cotton farmer knows that cotton would be selling for 45 or 50 cents per pound if left to supply and demand Such a price would be speculative and the southern farmer is too patriotic to demand it. We should keep every bale of cotton that is free from debt until fair price is offered either by the spin ner or guaranteed by the government.
 It was commonly believed that manu- factured tcotton goods were selling at prices based on 60-cent cotton prior 10 October l. On October 1 prices of cotton goods advanced again as much as cents per yard on some articles. This advance came in the face of lower market de- pressed by price fixing agitation.
 Farmers have it in their power to pro- tect themselves and should do so by holding their cotton for a fair price, if it forces the price-fixing issue. bad sit nation cannot be made much worse and perchance may be made better.
 J. A. WADE. Commissioner of Agriculture and Indus
 tries.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Liberty Pancakes

Take three cupfuls rolled oats and soak all night in sour milk enough to cover Next morning add one cupful corn meal one cupful flour. one teaspoonful salt two teaspoonfuls baking powder, one heaping teaspoonful of soda. or more II the milk is quite sour. Pancakes re- ouire more soda than biscuit. Add two eggs and enough milk to make a nice batter Bake on a hot griddle.
 I make biscuit the same way, only leave out the eggs and add one table, spoonful of shortening, Mix as for flour biscuit If I have any of the pancake batter left I add little more milk, one tablespoonful of lard and thicken with meal This makes good warm bread for dinner.
 Also we use one cupful of corn meal and one tablespoonful of shorts mixed and cooked the same as any cereal Tor breakfast. It makes a nice change from oats and saves the wheat.-Mrs. J. L. Peck.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Some Good Omelets

The omelet is a great favorite The American housewife would do we'll to serve it more frequently than she does, for it is both nourishing and delicious and an excellent substitute for meat
 Omelet With Spinach-Clean and plunge into boiling, salted water one-half peck of spinach, allowing it to remain just long enough to become well wilted; re- move and press all the water away, then chop it up not too finely; season and fry for about eight minutes in one-half cupful of oil or fats; turn the vegetable into the omelet mixture and, after mix ing up well, fry in two or three indi- vidual rounds This takes five eggs or more if liked.
 Legume Omelet-Have one cupful of yell low split pea pulp dhe pulp should be as dry as possible) seasoned we'll with but ter and salt and one-half cupful chopped peanuts: mix the pulp and the nuts to- gether and add one-half cupful of cream Put together a five-egg omelet. then mix all together and fry in two rounds. Serve with crisp bacon.
 Creole Omelet-One heaping cupful of rice boiled in chicken broth; have it well seasoned with salt, pepper, parsley, ripe sweet pepper and dash of curry; make it quite moist with the broth or gravy; add to it a five-egg omelet and fry in oil or butter or chicken fat, and serve with this sauce: Two cupfuls each of to- mato and okra, one-half cupful of oil or pork fat, one-half eupful of minced parsley: fry tablespoonful of minced onion in the fat. Add all together and simmer down to a thick, brownish mass
 have it we'll seasoned with salt and a very little curry; do not strain, but pour over the omelet as 1t starts for the table
 Corn Omelet-Two cupfuls canned corn, add to it one tablespoonful each of pars- ley and peppers minced, season with salt, white pepper and dash of cayenne and fry in one-half cupful butter pork fat or oil, when it is flecked all through with light brown. remove from the pan and cook a five-egg omelet till it begins to set Then spread on the corn, to which
 one teaspoonful sugar and two table spoonfuls of the top of a quart of milk have been added and relocated; fold the
 omelet and serve.
 Omelet With Giblets--Buy one quart Of giblets; boil the gizzards, but not the livers, till quite tender cut them up and with the livers cut in halves cook the whole in butter or oil in which one ta- blespoonful of minced onion has been lightly Drowned. till the livers are done. Do not cook them too much mushrooms may also be added to the mixture), sea son the mixture well with salt. pepper and parsley. Fold much of 1t in the omelet as it will hold and pour the rest about 1t.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
GOVERNMENT HELPS PAY LOSS

S4o 900, ,000 in the United States. The fed eral campaign to eradicate the disease is of comparatively recent beginning. It has been divided into three well-defined projects. The first project is the erad- ication of tuberculosis from individual herds of pure-bred cattle: the second IS the eradication oG cattle S,ae-rculosis from circumscribed areas; the third is the eradication of tuberculosis among swine.
 It is estimated by officials in close touch with available records that II per cent of pure bred cattle in this country are affected with tuberculosis. In grade cattle and swine the percentage Of m lection is gradually increasing, as shown by post-mortem records in establlshments where meat inspection is maintained. Infected animals are not only danger ous to other animals but may transmit the disease to mankind through mliR and flesh.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
AK for Cockerel-When?


 neither it Is better to kill cockerels for broilers or to keep them until they attain the roaster age is a question de- bated by poultry men interested in pro noting Americas food supply in the present crisis. w. D. Stanfield, United States extension poultry man at Univer- sity farm, advises the use of eockerels as broilers for these reasons:
 It will aid in the development Of pull lets into early fall and winter layers, by preventing crowding.
 It will save feed.
 It will add to the profits Of the poultry business.
 If. however, the desired number of chicks were not matched the market for broilers is not satisfactory and there is ample room for raising the cockereis to the roaster age. With sufficient food supply, MT. Stanfield advises retaining the cockereis to the roaster age.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-10-17
Rice Bread

Materials CPart D One yeast cake, one-fourth cup luke warm water, one cup water. two cups white flour
 Cart ? Two cups skimmilk. one ta- hlespoonful salt, two tablespoonfuls fat, three tabespoonfuls sugar. three cups uncooked rice steamed, one teaspoonfui salt four cups white flour
 Method. Dissolve yeast and set sponge, of part one at night. Next morning seald milk. add salt, fat and sugar. Cool. Add to sponge. Add white flour to make dough. Knead and let rise to it's bulk. Mold into Ioaves and let rise again and bake in moderate oven. This recipe was tested and is good.-Lavera Tridle.