davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
Observation-Disclosures
TO CINCH THAT PENNANTI
By LOUIS A. BOUCHER

Charlie weeghman Is in deadly earn
est about winning the National League
pennant for 1918. Judging from his recent
moves on the baseball checkerboard- He
isn't done yet. either. he says. Here Is
what weeghman has now done:
Snapped Pickles" Dilhofer, rookie
catcher; Mike Prendergast. second-rate
pitcher, and about 10000 for Grover
Cleveland Alexander and Bill Killifer
the leading battery in the National
League.
Snapped ICY" Williams. outfielder. for
Dode Packert. Phils' veteran gardener.
who led the league in fielding in 1917.
Snapped Art Wilson. fair catcher !;
Larry Doyle. fast-weakening second
baseman, and $1,000 for Lefty" Tyler.
southpaw pitcher OF the Braves, con-
sidered one Of the best in fast COM
pany.
May Trade some More.
Furthermore, Chicago's Hot Dog
King" threatens to work another trade
Monday at Cincinnati. when the national
commission meeting draws together
many managers and magnates. He in
sists on winning the 1918 pennant, and
he is Goirg about it in typical New York
style. That's what worrying 'Muggsy"
McGraw and his loyal supporters The
New York club. until now. has led in
buying players by the wholesale, but
the Cubs have entered the field with
barrels OF money and threaten to make
a runaway race OF IL.
In return for an unnecessary catcher
Wilson and a crippled veteran Doyle,
with $4,000 in cash, the Cubs get one OF
the most effective southpaw pitchers in
the business. Now Fred Mitchell has
quartet for mount duty, consisting OF
Alexander and douglas. righthanders.
and Hippo Vaughn and Tyler. south
paws.
BOehIinE In List.
For second string beavers Mitchell
has Carter. Aldridge, and Boehling,
once with the Griffmen, with one or
two youngsters vet to be named.
with weeGhman running wild
through the National League, II be
gins to look more and more as il
the Tcner race would b. n twoclub
affair. Cincinnati and St. Louis may
stagger along for few weeks, but
they cannot hop" TO maintain the
pace set by trr Giants and cubs. 40
heIdeg
Earl NinClings ban has been raised
by the national commission. and Il"
will report f"r duty with tn" Grin |
men in the spring. There is no t'Sl
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
THATs WHAT la GETS.

NASHVILLE. Tenn, Jan. 5.-Free
under $1,000 bond in Federal court,
Fred Toney. star pitcher OF the cir
cinnati National League club. today
into the army on the first call. \ To-
cal exemption board in Davidson
county yesterday placed him ia the
hrst class, from which he had trie1
10 escape by making false claims of
dependents. according to Federal
charges. He has refused to discuss
tbs case. The case is the first u its
kind in Tennessee.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
OUNCE WANTS TO FLY.

SYRACUSE. y, y, Jan. 5.--Ioe Du
moe. Fordham's star varsity end. who
is at his home here for-a brief vaca.
lion. says nc intends seeking admis
sion into the armv =, iEtiou service.
Nov that the football season H.
over" says h., "studiSs amount L.
nothing al F"rdhRip. Everybody is
thinking or the war and how he can
EPt into It,"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
CONNIE LOSES FIFTEEN.

comm" Ma"l, ha~ lost iiftten play
"r~. all Of whom have gone into some
branch OF III" military service. Be
sides two unknown rockies he has
lost Haley, M"hvoy. and Murphy,
catchers; Anderson. "JinRlinE" John
son. Noyes, SeIbold. MAYOR. pitchers:
Bates. VIII. Grover. Palmer. infield-
rrs. aud Shsrman. outfieIdcr
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
MILLIeAN GETS CHANCE.

SCRANTON, Pa, Jan. mark Mil
ligan. whose work with Birmingham
last season meant chance for him
to land a regular berth with the Pitts
burgh Pirates next season, has seen
anothed chance and taken H. He
has Joined the army aviation corps.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
sTART NEXT WEEK.

Newports play Epiphany and Con-
GTessionals meet the Columbias in the
opening games of the Capital City
Basketball League to be started in
the Epiphany gymnasium next We'd
nesday night.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
How About big Three" >?

Know Why big Three"arvard Yale Princeon-have
Cancelled nj intercollegiate competition If
article in these columns The Sunday Times
"Bg greeted BY officers
the handling thousands strong v young
making you don't Metzger feature
article in these columns in The Sunday Times
The Times writer the
all followers of sports should go along with him.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
WILLIAMS QUITS JOB.

CHICAGO. Jan. CHA ties C. Wi
lians. secretary OF tho Cubs for
thirty-one years. is a free agent. to
day. .-.z.
1T has been apparent TO me for
rome TINS that Ry resignation would
be acc apiabfs." said Williams NY
duties re -e'Zgrsd uHIIy, -ta5sslf over by
other memberA-of the office force. and
l didn't seem to count in anything
Under such conditions IL was natural
Tor me 'te hand III my resigpation."
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
REPORT IN APRIL.

The Louisville American Association
players will not be ordered to report
for training until the first wock in
April. according to President Watheu
Two or three exhibition games with
big league clubs are expected to be
booked for Louisville
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
THOMAS SOME HURLER.

Claude Thomas. sent to Minneapolis
with hardly a trial last spring,
proved the iron man" Of the Ameri-
can Association in 1917. pitching in
siNty-tWO games. lie won twenty.
lost twenty four. was removed ten
times. and relieved others seventeen
fumes
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
SHORT SPORT TALKS
By Louis A. DOugher

Jess Willard indicated would the
100000 to fight at Deng N M saying that the gate receipts in
small would
reads dispatch from Chicago in this glorious of 1915
On February 1882 Mississippi City hardly
oils Indeed Mississippi City s SMALL struggling town.
Februy 1885, Paddy heavyweight champion knocked
by John L. Sullivan with knuces
under London prize ring rules side
But times have wonderfully since 1885,
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
FRED MITCHELL'S CHANCES.

Fred Mhes nOndescrPt Cubs wild in the National League for
weeks Immediately hailed
the Miracle Man of 1917 They said he the real behind Stall
1914"
and Mitchell fromv iew
With Weeghman ripping off the yowbacks
Mitchell capable
But will called won't
m the to wi
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
MCBRIDE AS A MANAGER.

He
be ball PLAYER
Now he said to stand excellent chance of becoming
Mcbride of the highest ard off the field
baseball Milwaukee would
aging his home for he Milwaukee boy If
berth he will have the wishes of who
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

In the Southern Railway Clerk cir
''uit. Freight took two from Law, and
Treasures won three from the Man
ayers, after winning a rolled-otf tie
game in the opener. Auditors had no
trouble in stopping the Purchasing
team In three games
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
RODGERS is DONE.

Bill Rodgers, who had a 81 OFT lrIsr
81 second base = ith thu, Ffncir1iia {
l.e6s and the Fslevsia1d 1a1'ans. in.
sists that he lis done viii, 'bs sebaII
even though mentioned HEf possible
manager Of the Sacramento ciub Last
year he played second bgsn, ~ith
Portland, n the cuast f;rarlIs
H-rT .fEst.y EIjy ~
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
GUILFoRD WILL FLY.

Jesse 'iUIlfOrd, who has been acting
A. golf partner for Francis Ouimet,
has passed his examinations for en-
trance into the army aviation service
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
sPILLINe THE PINS.

The iayoff during the holidays ar
feCted the bowlers to such an extent
that good team totals. and high
scores have been few and far between
in the various circuits
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

Lewis. Of the Royals. took high
game and high set honOrs against the
Columbus. in the National Capital
circuit. The Royal crack got scores
of Il5. l31, and 100. but his team
dropped two games to the ColumbIas
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

ST. Johns got away with two from
Mt. Pleasant and PotomRcs grabbed
three from the AcaciRs in the Masonic
League. Williamson, of Acacias, got
scores Of 123. 10. and lO2.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
COCKTAILS AND CIGARETTES"

Too cocktails cigarettes
failing
That's combination that will kill off athlete good
he been.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

Mike Raedy. the Business center.
was all over the door during the en-
tire game. Raedy has made good IN
three sports at Business. now that he
has landed the center position in
basketball
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

ing how good he will prove. for he
has been out OF major league baseball
since 1914, when he was with the
Cincinnati Reds. He will be an ex-
pertinent here.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
MARYLAND STATES FORCES AHEAD.

Maryland State things
le:c according to Zach Curly Byrd The College Park institution
and wants to enlarge its athletic activities in direction
fewer like Harvard Yale and Princeton Maryland State typical of
without
the little fellows ahead doing
they following the
building
coors fellows the
athletics vanished.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

Pepper. OF Western, more than held
his own with Wilson. although he
failed to get the breaks on two occA-
sions which would have landed the
game for the Red and White The
ball just trimmed the basket. but
failed to stick in.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
j, TONEH,s PECULIAR POSITION.

THE bases Sre Uncle Sam at the bat Put him with
blow that will bases and forever put Kasersm and Pussan
into oblivion reads Fred Ton Christmas cheer
American France.
But Fred Perhaps
official batting 1917 him eleventh the
TOny hit for just 112 Maybe it's well those
go o bat leaving Toney in the hoosegow.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
PUZZLE.

Where all those big league that Ban Johnson
Y the draft? -
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05
ANOTHER INVESTIGATION.

yvha
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

Copyright 1917 by the Bell Syndicate Inc)
DON'T MISS BILLY SUNDAYS SERMON TOMORROW
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

.ss.s. i PU
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-01-05

Dave Vision, of Central. landed the
ball in the basket just a second be-
fore the whistle blew. closing the
second extra period. He dribbled
down the floor, and got an open crack
at the basket Western had led up to
minute before the close of the pc
riod.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08

rates. He repeated several arguments
In favor of this action which he has
made many times before.
There Is not man in this House
who will not agree after a careful study
that our committee was right In reject
ing the proposal OF the Treasury De-
partment for no increase in excess
profits rates" he said.
Representative Sloan (Neb.) suggested
that the Secretary OF the Treasury was
exceeding his authority In interfering"
with the committee. Mr.. Kitchin was
plaiply pleased, but modestly said that
the right OF the House to originate rev.
enue legislation was not affected by sug-
gestions from the Secretary OF the Treas
ury.
THAT does not exclude the right and
privilege OF the Treasury Department or
any individual outside the Admlnistra-
ton TO make suggestions for the COM
mittee to consider" said Mr. Kitchin.
"In a bill OF this kind" he added,
containing over 1000 Items It would
be impossible to have 1t exactly in ac-
cord with the ideas OF any official"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
NEAR BEER ALSO AFFECTED.
soft Drinks Manufacturing May he
Further CurtaiIed.

wAsHINGToN, Sept 7.-Manufacturers
of near beers and substitutes for beer.
which have developed nourishing busi-
ness In prohibition territory, II was off,
cltlly explained to-day. are just as
much affected by the decision to cut OF
brewing OF beer as those who make the
actual beverage. Millions of dollars
have been invested In the business.
Manufacture OF all other beverages OF
the so-called soft" variety some months
ago was curtailed SO per cent by the
Food Administration as sugar con-
servation measure. Further curtailment
OF the manufacture OF such beverages
and mineral waters Is under considera-
ton and may take the form OF reducing
supplies OF sugar, fuel, materials for
containers and food products and limit
ing transportation facilities,
The Senate resolution empowering the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
Metropolitan Passes w. s. $. Quota

Hadley Fiske, vice-pres.dent of the
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company,
sent word to branch Offices of the con-
Germ yesterday the Metropolitan's prom
ise to President Wilson to sell S65, 900, =
600 worth OF War Savings Stamps this
year had been made good In the seven
months beginning with February and
ending with September These were
cash sales and do not take into account
the great number of pledges to buy OBJ
tained by company employees and
agents. Mr. Fiske announced that the
company Is now striving for a 800, 000.-
900 goal before the end of the year
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
ERIE TRAIN HITS MOTOR CAR.
wife Killed, Husband MORALLY
Hurt on Hackensack Meadows.

Train No. 53s on the Greenwood Lake
branch Of the Erie last night ran down
large automobile which attempted to
cross the tracks at the Bellevllle turn
pike on-the meadows. A man believed
from papers In his pockets to be Thomas
w. Kennedy of Pittsburg was MORALLY
injured and a woman believed to be his
wife was killed instantly.
The automobile was cut In two. The
accident occurred at 9 40 o'clock, the
train. due In Jersey City at 1924. being
late
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
JAPANESE AT KRAsN0YARSKI
No Enemy Forces Found south OF
the Imam River.

TOXIC, Aug. 80 (delayed) .-Japanest
cavalry have occupied Krasnoyarski. or
the Ussuri River front in Siberia, sixt,
miles northeast OF Lake Khanka, &C.
cording to an official statement issuef
to-day by the Japanese War Office. The
statement follows:
On the evening Of August 20 our
cavalry occupied Krasnoyarski No
enemy forces were observed south OF
the Imam River. The railway bridges
across the Tamga and Imam rivers
were undamaged. but the small bridges
over the streams between them were
blown up by the enemy.
On the morning OF August IS en-
envy cavalry entered Abagaido. five
miles southeast OF Manchuli, and en-
tered into an engagement with our in
fantry scouts. One company OF our
infantry guarding Jalainohl went TO
the assistance Of the scouts and after
an engagement lasting hak an hour
drove the enemy to the 'northward
One private was killed and one was
wounded. The enemy also had casual
ties. A Fulfil detachment has been
ordered to clear out the enemy In the
region north of Abagaido.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
WATER STATIONS DESTROYED.
Wells Also Poisoned by Bolshevilxi
Along Trans-siberian Railway.
BY the Associated p

HARDIN. Manchuria. Aug. 81 (de-
layed) ,-Bolsheyik forces have de-
stroyed the Trans-Siberian Railway In
the region west OF Dauria, a town twenty
miles from the point where the railroad
crosses the Manchurian border. The
water problem in that district Is acute.
as the water service stations have been
destroyed by the Bosheviki, who also
have poisoned the wells.
There Is an unconfirmed report that
the Czecho-Slovak troops operating In
the vicinity OF Lake Baikal have fought
their way eastward and now control the
railway thence nearly TO Tchita. II this
report is true the Czecho- Slovak forces
here believe they will have no difficulty
In Joining hands with them.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08

pointed out the mistakes made in draw
Ing up the excess profits taxes and the
corporate income sections OF the House
bill.
As the same thing has been pointed
out to Mr.. Kitchin by other legislators
and experts familiar with sound busi-
ness principles. members OF the House
could not quite understand why Mr..
Kitchin affected to disbelieve that Sena =
tor Smoot had made such statement
unless Il was to avoid trying to answer
the arguments tho Utah Scion advanced.
Mr.. Kitchin declared that probably
consumption taxes-the taxes which the
committee has sedulously avoided--prob-
ably would have to be incorporated in
the bill to make up the loss OF revenue
from cutting off the manufacture Of
beer.
Defends Opposition to McAdoo.
Rewriting to the excess profits taxes
again. Mr.. Kitchin said the commit
tee was unanimous in rejecting the
Treasury demands for no excess profits
tax or for continuation Of the present
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
PAPERS ADVOCATE MURDER.
Maximalist Sheets Want British
and French Slain.

WASHINGTON. Sept. 7.-Reports from
Petrograd received to-day through
Stockholm say the Maximalist papers
are openly advising the murder of
French and English nationals In Petro-
grad.
From Moscow comes word that an
extraordinary commission there has or
dered the arrest OF the relatives OF for
mer Premier Kerensky, among them his
first wife. his son and his niece.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
NEW TERROR IN MOSCOW.
Many Social RevOlutiOnists Ar.
rested-HOstages Held,

AMSTERDAM. Sept IA large number
OF arrests have been made in Moscow
under a decree dated September 5 ORDER
ing the taking into custody OF all ofthe
Observation-Disclosures of the Right and
the taking of hostages from the bour-
geois parties and groups OF former Of
hcials as precaution, in case of new
conspiracies. Moscow despa state.
The persons arrested were chiefly Social
Revolutionists and high ecclesiastics.
The ecclesiastics were arrested in con-
nection with the alleged British plot.
Numerous executions are taking place.
The Prdpdd alludes to the situation as
extremely grave.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
INDICTED AS SUGAR HoARDER.
Recent Proprietor Of Kaiser Hof
to Ne Put ON Trial Tuesday.

Rudolph Oelsner, a wealthy importer
OF wines and liquors and at one time
owner Of the Kaiser Hof. the name OF
which has been Americanized. will be
tried Tuesday on n charge Of boarding
sugar He was indicted last month.
This Is the first case In which tho
criminal section of the Lever law has
been resorted to In the prosecution OF
alleged violators OF food regulations.
The maximum penalty for boarding.
under this act. Is two years In the Fed
eral prison or $4,000 fne or both.
The charge against oelsner - that
foreseeing a shortage he bought 10000
pounds o. sugar In the spring OF 1917
and stcfsd It In his warehouse In West
Broadway. His defence will be that he
brdght the sugar for the use Of the
restaurant.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08

President to establish prohibition zones
around coal mines. shlpyards and other
war industries was favorably reported
to the House by the judiciary Committee
to-day and when objection prevented its
immediate consideration Chairman Webb
gave notice that he would call 1t up
Monday under a special rule.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
GERMANS GET FINN FIGHTERS
New Treaty Turns Over All of
COuntry's Man Power.

PARIS, Sept "A treaty Of alliance
has been concluded between Germany
and Finland under which the entire man
power of Finland is put at Germany's
disposal. according to a despatch to the
Matin from Copenhagen.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
BY the Associated Press.


VLADIvosToK, Sept. I tdelayed) On
the Ussuri front Japanese cavalry has
occupied Imam. at the junction Of the
Imam and Ussuri rivers. Prisoners re-
port CONSERVATION in the ranks OF the
Bolshevik forces on\ the discovery OF
the presence of Entente allied troops
(which they did not suspect until they
were in actual contact with them.
On the Manchurian front Gen. Seme-
nofrs Cossacks have reached the FORTH
fcations Of Borgia. on the Trsfsss.Serian
railway. 1870 miles southeast of Tchita,
the capital OF Transatlantic. A detach-
ment Of japanese cavalry covering the
right wing took Shingyang after a sharp
fight and captured 100 prisoners and a
baggage train. The enemy IL retiring
toward the Onon River, eighty miles
northeast OF Borgia.
The Russian Bolshevik Council at
Blagovieshtchensk. capital OF the Amur
province OF Asiatic Russia, has declared
war on China because the Chinese Gov
eminent Is sending troops to the north
ern Manchurian front. The Siberian
frontier has been closed and the Boil
sheviki are confscating Chinese property.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-09-08
JAPANESE ARMY
Observation-Disclosures
Seat Of General Government
Of Amur on Ussuri River
Is Occupied.
SOVIET WARS ON CHINA
COssacks and SlOvaks' Both
Make Progress Along Trans
Siberian Railway.
SOVIET WARS ON CHINA

SHANGHAI. Sept Japanese forces
/ have occupied the town OF Khabarovsk.
Siberia. according to advices received
here from Vladivostok.
Khabarovsk is the seat OF the general
Government Of kmur and capital OF the
littoral or maritime province. It is
situated at the junction OF the Amur and
Useuri rivers and Is on the Ussuri branc,,
Of the Trans-Siberlan Railway.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-07-13
TAX ON PROFITS.
HOOVER GIVES VIEWS TO SENA.
TOR SIMMONS.
Excessive Earnings Made From Pub
lie Necessity Would Thus be Re-
turned to Government.

Washington, July 10.-A graduated
excess profits tax and increased taxes
on war profits by which excessive
earnings made from the public neces-
sity would be returned to the nation
al treasury, are urged by Food Ad-
ministratOr Hoover in letter to SEN
ator Simmons, chairman Of the SEN
ate finance committee. The letter,
which was made public tonight, was
in reply to a request from the SEN
atOr for MIR. HoOver's views on the
revenue bill now being framed.
While cOndemning proflteering in
war time AS hateful" Mr.. Hoover de-
clared there is a distinction between
moral and economic profiteering.
ION the moral side,' he wrote.
the nation is endeavoring to draw a
distinction between a profit COM
mensurate with effort. or capital en-
plOyed AMI stimulative to enterprise,
is abnormally large due to war con-
ditions"
1t is this abnormal profit. which Mr.
Hoover holds up to public obliquy.
while declaring that in the face Of
shortage of commodities the mainte..
nance of the maximum production is
possible thr ugh prices high enough
to stimulate higher cost producers.
Even under this stimulation plan.
Mr.. Hoover points out, excessive pro-
fits may ne made by the low cost pro-
ducers in u given line Of industry and
points to sugar as an example. Maxi
mum prices which would insure q
profit to high cost producers were
agreed upon but at this level Of prices
he said Il minority of the beet sugar
factories will be earning profit OF
from 40 per cent. to 100 per cent
upon their Investment"
This minority" the letter contin-
ued, creates the impression of pro-
fteering. Their profits are inordi-
nate. While the public can receive
its major protection through the
measures taken the correction OF this
minority profteering can only be
remedicd ~ stronger taxation of war
profits"
A strong excess profits tax, Mr..
Hoover said, on war profits would
mean the elimination of the evils OF
paternalism, and all measures now in
effect could be formulated with n
broader hand, resulting in real re-
duotion OF government interference.