davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

has shipped go products lev North Florida sends
100000 of
single shipping point that 3OO potatoes
shipped last and there 1900 point
turing for shipment to Northern consumers
Thelogc of Secretary McAdoo would imply Florida should
ing the oveaxed transportation the country
y burdening it in hauling Georgia peaches
The imperative food demand, however for beadsu
where the South stands
not criticised The sixteen Southern States last year
o bushels OF wheat than they produced Yet wheat
State of Cafonawhch has being
called unparotlc for producing all the
CURED about onerd Of this quantity
New othe home state OF Secretary McAdoo
acres OF idle or nonprodue ndast had wheat shortage
of 100000 bushels than the combined shortage
ony and lack of patriotism.
Finally greatest American grain cro,-con-demands at
enon Last the South produced nearly per the
tai Of the country corn while
cent of the of the soad belt soft
milling and useless seed The State produced
twice much the grain Michigan Georgia raised
OOO bushels and North Carolina 100000 bushels more corn
than the grain and dairy OF Wisconsin.
Very many similar comparisons might easily made Many
important Southern we'll poultry hogs
must be passed though these are equally sur
prisng.
The Rrat has nsisten in urging the
con OF food Some Of the results
ed We need defend the patriotism soundness of
this We do believe that all patriotism all the
of the country confined section We
believe that the whole country needs awakening
or true national 1t unfortunate that responsible
clai position should imply that section guilty of
neglect to the detment of another section which act the
whole country must sufer-The Southern Ruralist.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
Falsehoods About Red Cross Circulated
to Destroy Public Confidence
By JONATHAN BANG Of tie Visiian.es

One Of the activities of folks who destroy confidence
institution which working permanent democracy to
"ge after the Red Crosss,%
Terrible lot Of graft they declare lawful what some of
them get"
That way; e Those who give all
the receiving
balance individual mercful mission of
the Red Cross.
There abroad persistent that the boys army
have 81 for sweater knitted by patriotic fingers and 80
pair similarly constructed Of course another false
hood.
Boys will be boys and lad in the army navy
beyond the kniceoker traded marbles postage
The sentiment their souls always expression
and while the and girls who knit the gray blue
protectors love feel that each stitch by
it. likely not he takes chance selling when he
advantage hucke
trade These have been known resell
soldiers who yet received their amens from the Red
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
RED CROSS WAR FUND
drive SET FOR may 20

In order not to detract even slightly
from the forthcoming Liberty Loan
campaign, the War Council of the
American Red Cross has postponed
the campaign to raise the second War
Relief fund of 800, OO0, 900 to the week
OF May 20 from the week Of May 9Th.
as was originally intended, it was an.
nounced in Washington today.
This action fixes the date Of the see.
ond Red Cross campaign eleven months
after the first. which was started on
June IL, 1917. The War Council had
been appointed by President Wilson
only five weeks prior to the beginning
of this campaign, so that its first great
task was to provide means for carry.
ing on relief work during the war on
scale commensurate with the mill.
tary operations.
More than $1OO,0O0,O0 was contrib
uted in response to the first call for
financial aid and contributions plus
interest brought the total receipts
from the first drive up to SOS, 099, 527.
OF this amount, $17,006,1 21 was re-
funded to Red Cross Chapters for 10.
cal relief work. OF the balance, ST..
721,91S has been appropriated, leaving
balance of $10.371. PIT available for
appropriation. France has received
appropriations amounting to more than
thirty millions. During the week pre-
ceding Christmas the Red Cross con.
Quoted a membership drive which re.
suited. in the enrolment of approx.
mately 22,000.000 new members. This
was followed last month by a cam.
paign conducted by the Junior mem.
bership of the Red Cross which result.
ed in the enrolment in the collateral
organization Of practically all Of the
school children in America.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
Fatigue and Toxin.

The idea that fatigue is due to a
specific toxin. as suggested by WEIGH
art early in the century, has been Il
popular one. but the late investigation
of Lee and Aronoyitch at Columbia
un@ersity shows 1t to have no good
foundation. There is nothing. there
fore. to encourage the hope that an
antitoxin may be found. In the ex-
periments made with animal muscles,
test muscle suspended in the juice
Of fatigued muscle lost much in con-
tractile power, but the juice of non
fatigued muscle produced substantial
ly the same effect.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
Great Manorove Swamps.

Mindoro, one Of the larger islands
OF the Philippine group, is province
by itself and contains 1888 square
miles. 1t is distant from Manila a lit
tie more than 100 miles. Along the
shores of this island are more than 3d.
oOO acres OF mangrove swamps, with
large trees i'll practically virgin growth,
Yconservatively estimated to yield 5O,-
600 tons Of bark readily convertible
Into approximately 1900 tons Of
clutch. Just why this growth should
have remained untouched for SO long
Is not explained.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
Best Kind Of Play Is Work.

One of the best kinds of play is
work. Many of the elements of play
enter into work if 1t is performed in
the right spirit. The most satisfying
forms Of play are those in which inter-
est is excited; competition, with desire
to succeed and accomplish some def
mite end, makes the game worth play
ing. Work is fatiguing and distaste-
full when 1t is lacking in these ele-
mcntS.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

Militant cooperation be the watchword to make the
namber of Commerce success Secretary Mr. Clark
ken charge we'll acquainted with every feature development
DIRK which be applied the local condition The business
farmer the banker and the professional feel confident
far the science of civic promotion progress
he city and county assured they will give Mr. Clark that
which absolutely necessary bring Fitzgerald its
beautiful quarters of the Chamber of Commerce. the Ben Hill
ona Bank building should become the for all live
the city and when call is issued for meeting every man
ted should be hand 1--WE building
cooperation is needed
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

Genius has been defined as an inf.
mite capacity for taking pains, and tai
ent which is sort Of second cousin
of genius, has the same characteristics,
observes an educator. One who will
take pains enough will meet with a
measure of success. And no one who
belittles the need Of patient, plodding
work is likely to succeed, no matter
what his end wments.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
THE WHOLE COUNTRY SUFFERS

There egetabe and the present
ona campaign for increased food crops Northern
been altogether free with the South
Use of its interest Stacker in food pro-
aon We such nsinuations There why
South should raise nearly all the foods Shftessness
laziness the pa explanations of its failure do So
he South should be sefsusanng If great burden
ud be lifted from the remainder the country which would
&c foods thus released"
1t particularly unfortunate misrepresentation of
South directly due the of Secretary McAdoohim
native Southener In recent appeal sent by him D
o General of transportation the Secretary used this language
people the South and especially the farmers
ab OF using the transportation system of the country degree
at highly uneconomc and unnecessary the purpose
ng food and feed from other the United
hey do not produce enough foodstus and eedsus
elves" x
This repetition of the frequent aspersion
uttered by this member the cabinet His ignorance mepre
entaton of real Southern conditions plain few
ernent facts Our production of
foundation of this indictment therefore first pre-
sent the other side of the question
Cotton as essential to modern society food Without
and our allies would be without the high explosives indispensable
the success of Cotton the crop which climate
% equipment labor and experience best adapted These
ne foundation for the economic fact that the long
the most profitable Southern crop That sufficient
its performance
The demand for food crops JUS
cation Cotton the chief food crops the
OF the highest prices
m only about per of the crop value of the
South The food and feed value of this crop safely
N4OUOOOOOO The great food cry the world fat On the
supply TODD of
pend Our cotton yields about and half billion pounds
d cotonseed OIL of which is acceptable and
furnishing the supply Of which might easily national ca
lamty
we next another feed food and fat
Practically the total American supply Of this crop produced
south Our yearly yield is about 100000 bushels
100000 dollars chiefly consumed by other parts Of the
country to'which it transported
The South has monopoly of two other important food crops
sugar cane and rice The last the former 100000
bushels and the latter about 100000 both chiefly
Northern Yet notwithstanding these
cabinet has taken himself other
c country for alphabetically negecng
facilities by producing rice
4 Red instead of hay o
The showing of the South the production vegetables
fruits IS important We ship yearly 100000 dollars worth
these products Northern States Georgia alone single
@ shipped 1000 peaches 5000 cars of melons
the past four winter months single South Georgia county
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
WRANCLERS BUSY

Washington, March 27.-Congress
today was split wide open over war
policies. The storm center was in the
Senate but in the House there was
much smoldering discomfort Oppos-
ing Senators declare they are play
ing politics" The big point OF attack
is the delay in aircraft production.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
He Didn't Know.

In a murder trinl six experts were
examined. Most of them had a ma
tional reputation. A hypothetical ques-
ton Of 10000 words, which 1t required
two hours to read, was asked Of Doe
tor Jelley. Boston expert on insanity.
The learned docto. answered the Ques-
ton in three wopls: II don't know"
A frank answer, but rather perplexing
to counsel. Case and Comment
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
Our Rabbits.

The term rabbit was formerly more
properly applied to the burrowing spe-
eies Of the old world. Lepus euniculus
(meaning to burrow), though by com
mon usage our molly eottontail has 50
long been termed a rabbit that the
name will now stand, as win that Of
jack rabbit for the big western hare Of
the prairies and Pacific coast.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

FOR SALE-Twenty thorough
bred White Leghorn hens and two
cookerels. Hens young and all lay
ing. w, R. SINNERS strain with a
show record, also guaranteed laying
pedigree. Will sell as a whole or d.
vide into two pens to suit purchaser.
Call in person at ll9 West Mag
nolia street or phone the Leader
Enterprise for further informa-
ton. ded F
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
NO CAUSE FOR ALARM

from the battle fronts while dscouragng
sectors necessarily need alarm
past has the enemy been favorable position
ID has been forced back kept where his losses far
.ea than the advantages gained would have justified
Now when he reach the which, from all
earances the German objective combined
the English French and small part the American forces have
seemingly checked the advance point still far removed from
the afford the enemy any great claim for 1t this
eyenualy that the combined of the Allies
of
the Allied armies be kept open keep the field
France.
Cabegrams today indicate that the sened resistance OF the
fish forces becoming Marked and with of the
which said have been rushed the
tide of the battle may be in sight
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
TYpeWritinu Fades Out.

1t has been found that typewriting
on parchment deeds is not durable. In
deeds deposited within very recent
years many lines are illegible and sew
eral lines have completely disappeared.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
BICYCLE FOUND

1t the owner will identity bicycle
IN my possession, which appears ia
have been stolen last December. he
can have it BY paying for this adver-
tisement.
c. F. DIXON.
q 49, Chief Of Police.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

WOODWARD MACHINERY FOR
SALE-l eight-horse international
gasoline engine, one splitter, saws
and frames for sale at bargain. Call
on Wiley Fletcher at Fitzgerald Auto
Company. If
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

FOR SALE-One 2-hnrsepower
and one 3-horse power / HI. c. Gas
oline Engines, in good condition. AT
bargain. Apply Leader Err terprise.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
FOUND

AUTO TAG FOUND-lols s.r
number s67S6 can be had at the Hob
BY Shop Dew Drop Inn) on Eas.
Pine street by paying for this adver-
tisement. Is
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

Beet and Wheat Food Value.
That there IL more food value in
one acre Of beets than in four of
wheat Is the contention Of German az.
Ficultural scientists.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

WANTED-To buy 1000 lbs. see
ond-hand casinga Fitzgerald Vul-
canizing Company. If
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27

WANTED-A lady for Office work
with some experience in bookkeeping
and typewriting. Address Chero-
Cola Bottling Works, in own hand
writing. stating salary expected. 1t
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
WANTED POSITION BY YOUNG
LADY

Young lady of experience wants po-
sition in Office. Competent for all
work except shorthand. References.
Apply Leader Enterprise. If
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
LOST

STOLEN-Saturday night, March
9TH, one Ford Car. Fender slightly
bent; Firestone tires on rear vAseI.
Motor number 2ll644o. $50 reward
tor return. See Chief of Police CAas.
Dixon. CHAS. HAMILTON. dAs
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
FOR SALE

SAWM1LL FOR SALE-Complete
sawmill for sale. Inquire J. Kasse-
witz, Fitzgerald, Ga. If
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
w A N T E D

WANTED-Girl for general house
work. Must be neat and clean. Ap-
ply to 2l5 West Palm. 1t
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1918-03-27
SHINGLES AND LUMBER

For Shingles. Lumber and Wood
see H. B. Sword Phone SOIL. If
The Elbert County tribune. [volume] (Elbert, Elbert County, Colo.) 18??-1920, 1918-01-25
+" WAMPUM"
Indian Money
How Indian Deities Were
"Tfppedr Origin of Tern
Bucketshop"
By.s. W. srRAUs
(Pnainsnt New Yssk and chiass Bs,ka)

Here Is the story of "wampum," the
first money to be used In the United
States.
1t consisted of clam shells. little
tubes made out of clay, beads and the
like. All these the Indians called by
the general name of wnmpum, and
when the white man set foot upon
these shores he found the wampum
convenient for his use. not only In
trading with the Indians but with
other whites. The Indian name was
sewan, but the European Immigrants
gave this legal tender the name of
wampum. by which II has been known
ever since.
Wampum was not entirely devoid OF
intrinsic value. Most of the shells
from which it was made were rare.
These were made largely into beads,
highly polished and strung on strings.
Chiefs, sachems, and medicine men
wore great strings of these beads on
ceremonious occasions. Every treaty
was corroborated by laying down belts
Of beads. Friendships were cemented
and alliances and marriages were al
ways solemnized with an exchange of
wampum.
Wampum was chiefly of two kinds,
white and dark purple. The white
was made from the edge of the clam
shells and the purple made from the
shells heart. and was worth double
the white. Considerable labor cost
went into the manufacture of wan
fn "a ttf.x- IL. %,IIn
us: "All wampum is made of shells
which are found on the coast of Caro-
lima, which are very large and hard,
so they are very difficult to cut" He
adds that some English smiths have
tried to drill this sort of shell money
and thereby thought to get advantage,
but It proved so hard that nothing
could be gained"
When an Indian was buried. strings
of wampum were always placed In the
grave with him for convenience In
purchasing the necessary supplies In
the next world, and for use as tips
to various minor Indian dieties, who
the Indians believed we're as greedy
as modern head walters.
In 1641 the use Of wampum was le-
galized by the common council OF New
Amsterdam. now New York. This was
next followed by an epidemic of coun-
terfeiting, which caused great deal
Of difficulty and led to the rapid de-
probation of wampum as medium
Of exchange. Old Peter Stuyvesant
pegged around on his wooden leg and
did his best TO solve the problem BY
The Elbert County tribune. [volume] (Elbert, Elbert County, Colo.) 18??-1920, 1918-01-25

One hundred and ten years ago there
were no savings banks. The savings
bank is an institution which was
founded In the year 1910 by Rev.
Henry Duncan In the little Scottish
village of Ruthwell. Before that time.
poverty seemed to be the normal con-
dition of half the population of the
British Isles. Pauperism was SO COM
mon as to cause no comment. Hun
dreds of thousands In Scotland alone
lived on charity and II was generally
accepted MS hopeless fact that 1.-THE
poor we have always with u.s."
Doctor Duncan was of sturdy Scotch
covenantor blood. He was n man of
unusual strength Of character. origin
ality and resource and extraordinary
talent for making friends. The dis
tress of his parishioners proved heav-
Ny on Doctor Duncan's mind and he
felt II there was some way of teach
Ing them to be thrifty he would have
an effective remedy for the poverty he
saw all around him.
The chief trouble was that the small
est sum the public banks would nc-
cept was f10 and comparatively few of
the Scottish villagers had SO large n
sum. about S4S75 In American coin.
So. Doctor Duncan conceived the Idea
of poor mans bank, as he called 1t,
which would receive deposits of any
amount, however small. After study
Ing the subject long and carefully, he
published pamphlet to call attention
to his project, so. us he snid, as to
render this measure suitable not for
one locality only but ''for Scotland and
the world"
The only banks the poor had In
those days We're a stocking, q chInk in
the wall, or loose board in the floor.
They were often robbed and the temp
tation to use a portion of this precious
nest egg was often too strong. Doc
tor Duncan argued shrewdly that If
their funds were transferred to bank,
they not only would be safe from theft
but the owners would hesitate to break
into them except in cases of urgent
need. In his pamphlet he says:
IF any method then could be de.
vised for giving to the artisan a place
of security, free of expense. for that
part of his gains which the immediate
The Elbert County tribune. [volume] (Elbert, Elbert County, Colo.) 18??-1920, 1918-01-25


declaring unstrung wampum no longer
to be legal tender. This was going to
the opposite extreme, md the little
Dutch colony came near financial
panic. Six months later loose and i'm
perfect wampum had to be declared le-
gal tender.
In Massachusetts wampum became
legal tender in 1910, but twenty-one
years later the coming of silver was
authorized, and this more stable me-
dunn soon drove wampum beads out
of circulation.
After the Revolutionary war money
was so scarce that wampum came
into use again. 1t persisted here and
there as money until the nineteenth
century. and. indeed. wampum In va
rious forms, including pipes and
moons. were considerably used In the
United States until as late as 1880.
The financial requirements of the
Revolutionary war resulted In the es-
Publishing of Americas first banks.
The initial undertaking was the Bank
Of Pennsylvania, which was started In
July, 1780. 1t was described by the
well-known financier Morris as moth
ing more than a patriotic subscription
of continental money for the purpose
of purchasing provisions for starv-
ing army" In the decade 17SO-179O,
three other financial institutions were
launched: the Bank of New York,
Massachusetts Bank and the Bank of
North America. This latter Is general
ly considered to be the first bank In the
United States and was capitalized at
$10,OO0.0O0. Actual subscriptions, how
ever, were very hard to secure and
only $4,000 was obtained. The gov
eminent contributed 100000 in specie.
The New York Stock Exchange has
been traced back to meeting of TWEEN
ty-four brokers under & tree opposite
60 Wall street. May IT, 1892. The
purpose of the meeting was to agree
on uniform commissions. Thereafter
the brokers met Mt "Tontine Coffee
House." Wall and Water streets. The
final organization of the Stock Ex-
change was completed In 1917. The
Philadelphia Stock Exchange also
started In coffee house.
The malodorous "bucketshop" re-
ceived its name from England. On
the east side of London loafers had
a custom of going from street to street
and draining every keg of beer they
could find. The liquor was placed in a
bucket. After it was filled these hard
characters retired to some out of the
way corner and caroused, passing the
bucket from one to another. The term
"bucketshop," at first meaning assem-
blages of this kind. came to be applied
to any establishment of doubtful repu-
tatlon.