davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
Russian Debacle Falls
Like a 7hunderb0lf
Petrograd Writer, Who Gque Vain
Warming, Tells Vividly of Sudden
Collapse and Equal Bewildern,ent of
Victors and Victims in CiuH Strife

P. Arzubef, the Petrogrod corre-
sponde1t of the 'Retch," one of the
leading Russian papers of MoscoO,
avho aOas IN Petrograd ut the time
of the Bolsheviki revolution of last
November, gives an interesting
story of the revoIution as 1t ap-
peored to him. 1t is interesting for
the Vividness w,ith auhich he de-
scribes certain aspects of those
stormy evemts during the days OF
aChat he calls the "Petrograd Com
nt,.ne''
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

hours he receives an increase in pro-
portion to his work. If he does less he
receives less. Provision is also made
for the workers to receive bonus in
proportion to the increased price which
the planters receive for the sugar. In
case OF a possible decrease in the price
! the planter is protected by an auto
matte reduction of wages.
Strikes or lockouts are prohibited
now, and disputes are settled bv a
board of arbitration, chosen equally by
the union and the planters.
The planters are bound to keen in
repair the huts of the estate workers.
and on the other hand the workers are
'ound to keep the premises clean. The
planter is also bound to provide an
adequate water supply. Five cents q
DAY extra is paid to workers who ara
not provided with huts or rooms on tho
estate
a nave provision of the agreement
states that both laborcr and emplover
snail, treat each other with due rcspect
and that abusive language shall not
be used on either side.
The percentage of illiteracy amonr
the people of the Virgin Islands is
very small. The Danes had q con,-
puisory school law, but unfortunately
their education system seldom went be-
yond the mere learning to read and
write The natives are intelligent and
crave education, and it has been hit
ter disappointment to them that M
changes have been made in their school,
system. The school commissioner ,s a
bishop of the Moravian Church. most
OIL the teachers arc poorly educated
themselves, and the school books ,,o
English, of the early Victorian ,criod
There are no schools above the primary
ana intermediate grades, and even
these are often on half time.
Color Line Not
Definitely Drawn
The color question is one which ,o.
not troubled the islands as yet. It ia
'ne one point on which the natives
haa any hesitation in becomino Amor
icans. The Danes never drew the color
ilne' but mingled with the natives on
equal terms in, social as we'll "a hrs;
ness life. Many Danes INTERN :
with the natives and took their hIo ~
or colored wives back to Denmark with
'hem. With a Democratic Adminis+ra
tlon at Washington it was feared tha+
the officials who would be snnointoa
would be Southerners who would ,ra,,,
{ the line decidedly against the b,aors
ne present Administration, however.
mas shown great tact in dealing with
the question, and the natives have not
been offended in any way.
Hamilton Jackson, the black Nv,
Larkln, said to me: at is nolit;ca,
equality and economic opportunity tbn =
we want most. Give us schools naI 10y
American teachers; give us s;r,,,ia "aa
code or American laws and inst 81
mihistratlon; give us GOOD san;+Sn,,
conditions and doctors, and hein ,s y
grow our own foodstutfs. so thai ~
islands will be self-supportinr. md we ,"s
shall not trouble you with dema~ds ~da svs. we
social recognitiH." '' 'o'
'co0sriahscd. 1918. OH. Y, wood,
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

It is in st. Croix that the admins
tration has been able to do it's best
work. During the last few years labor
conditions on the island have been
acute. The cane workers were grossly
underpaid, they claimed, and over
worked, and their housing conditions
were the worst that I have seen in any
Of the West Indian islands. 4 labor
union was formed, with we'll educat-
ed black, Hamilton Jackson, often called
by outs iders who have done business
with him "thc black jim Larkin," as its
head. Through his efforts wages were
raised recently from 20 to 40 cents a
day. But prices of food were rising
steadily, and soon this wage could not
buy any more than the 20 cents of
before the war. The food of the peo-
pie was restricted to "coco," a dish
made of cornmeal and okras, and dried
salt fish. Fruit trees had been sacri-
feed in st. Croix as in st. Thomas
but because of the low rolling hills
the land was not denuded of it's soil
and fruit can still be raised.
The agricultural experiment station
was. and still is, in the hands of an
Englishman from Barbados. The work
done there is devoted entirely to the
needs of the planters and experiments
with cane. Nothing is done to teach
or help the people to raise their own
foodstuffs, and as a result of the un-
varied carbonaceous diet, the health
of the people is deteriorated.
Elephantiasis, a disease which, as it's
name indicates, causes the limbs to
swell to the proportions of an ele-
plants, is prevalent among the work
crs as u consequence of their long
years of malnutrition. Just what
causes the disease is not known here
Some physicians in the West Indies
blame it on the tsetse fly, others on
the mosquito, but all agree that its
spread among the natives is due tc
their inability to resist the disease in
their weakened physical condition.
Strikes and Lockouts
Now Prohibited
These are some of the problems
which the new American administra.
tion faced. To settle the labor trou.
bles Acting Commissioner of the In.
terror Edmund Enright was brought
over from Porto Rico to make a study
Of conditions. Mr. Enright, accom-.
panied by a representative Of the plan.
ters and representative of the unions
made two months study of working
conditions, visiting all the estates and
sugar centrals on the islands. As q
result Of these tests, q day of nine
hours was agreed upon, and the exac,
amount of work which should consti.
tutc n full day was settled to the
mutual satisfaction Of planters and
workers alike, n solution deemed i'm.
possible by the Danes.
TO Northern mind the ware q,
fifty cents day, which was agreed
upon, Will seem very small. None the
less it is a decided advance over previ.
Gus conditions. If the worker does
more than days work in the nine
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

the deep traces left there by the sud
den ruin of his dreams and hopes.
Nous sommes foutus (we are
busted)," he said to me in French SO
that the soldiers there would not un-
derstand.
"And where is the government ]
asked.
"The government no longer exists
$50 Kerensky has left? Where are
the remaining ministers 2"
"The ministers are in the Winter
Palace"
hurried to the Winter Palace. 1t
was here that the Kerensky govern
ment had declared through the lips of
Kerensky that it was determined to die
keeping its post.
The large corridors and vast halls
the walls of which were here and
there draped with gray cloth, were de-
serted.
Only the reporters room seemed
somewhat more animated. The chief
of the reporters of the capital of Rus
sia, L. M. Klatchko, is surrounded by
a group of men and is holding a pen
in his hand.
"This is the pen," he triumphantly
exclaims, with which the ukase ap.
pointing dictator was signed"
But where are the ministers? In
one Of the halls there is a general
walking about with worried face; in
the adjoining hall there is an admiral
The general is Minister of Wa,
Vanikovsky, the admiral Minister OF
the Navy Verderevsky. Behind q
table sits and accurately writes the
Chief Prosecutor Of the Most Holy
Synod, A. B. Kartashcff. The Minister
of Finance, M. B. Bernatzky, my for
mer professor in the Politechnic In
stitute, sits at the window and looks
into the street like a poor little
orphan.
No one pays even the least atten-
ton to the ministers; no. one comes
over to them with any instructions
All have deserted them in the mo-
ment of danger just as they had de-
serted Nicholas II eight months ago.
If the troops of the military
tionary committee will now appear on
the square in front of the Winter
Palace they will be able to capture
with their bare hands the entire
united cabinet without single shot
I returned to Offices of the staff.
The door leading to the Office of the
chief of the staff is wide open. At the
table there sits the colonel of colonels
in forage cap, and the quarter
master general, Poradlov. Neither OF
them issues any instruction or re-
ceives any reports.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
By P. Arzubef

IN THE eve Of the revolution I
went to the information bureau
of the district military staff with
the purpose Of learning some news.
Everything seemed absolutely quiet
, and every one was. in his place. l was
surprised at the great number of people
who were staying around the Offices of
the staff, although it was rather late in
the night. In front Of the building
there were a few scores of automobiles,
for the most part old taxicabs which
had been confscated from cadets on the
Nevsky Prospect. But it was not pos
sible to make any use of these ma
chimes, since their chauffeurs dispersed
wherever they could.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
They Had Come
for Information

The information bureau was in an
excited mood. From time to time
there appeared members of regimen
tai military committees, officers and
soldiers. Between them and the Off
cials on duty in the bureau the follow
ing conversation was going on:
"Tovaristch, I came to ask for in
formation about the city. What is
going on in the city,"
Everything is quiet in the city"
"Ts there enough troops on the side
of the government?
almost too much troops, Tova-
ristch."
"And SO the Bolsheviki can hope for
no success?"
According to our information,
Tovaristch, they are in a general
panic"
During the day the military-politi-
cal department Of the staff gained q
victory over the Bolsheviki; at a
meeting Of the officials of the te1e-
graphic company there appeared En-
sign Krylenko and made a long
speech. But the staff was also repre-
scnted there by it's own speakers
After a lively rhetorical combat an
anti-Bolsheviki resolution was ac-
cepted, and Tovaristch Abram (Kry-
lenko) went away very little pleased
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17

A YEAR ago this month the
~ Danish West Indies became the
Virgin Islands of the United
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
A Rumor Spreads
of Sailors Revolving

About II o'clock at night a rumor
spread that a section of sailors was
revolving on the Konnogvardensky
Boulevard. An ensign was sent with
an automobile to confirm this infor-
nation. I volunteered to accompany
him. We rode through the entire dis
trict, but found no sailors whatever.
The streets, with the exception Of the
Nevsky Prospect, where few hooli-
gans were making noise, were all
quiet. On the Jukolayavsky Bridge
there was a guard which had been
sent out by the staff. Streetcars were
still circulating on the Trotzkaya
Bridge. The prepared plan of an at
tack upon the Smolny Institute had
not been executed.
/ returned home.
On the following day, shortly before
noon. there spread all over "bourgeoise
Petrograd," the Offices, shops, stores
and banks the two words, which meant
very much:
"It begins!"
There began what had been expected
with horror Or with hope by citizens
and by soldiers and by workmen in the
factories, and by women at home. and
by all, with the exception of the
leaders of the Revolutionary Demo
Gratis and the members of the Provi-
sional Government. The latter two
groups to the last minute refused to
believe that there was any danger
from the Bolsheviki, and when the
Bolsheviki began to gain control the
others sank into despair.
At that moment the Bolsheviki
guards were occupying the State
Bank and the telephone station. The
fortress Of Peter and Paul also was in
their hands. The Council of the Re-
public had been dissolved. About
noon the Pavlosk regiment appeared
on the Nevsky Prospect and began to
inspect the documents Of officers who
were passing by.
l went again to visit the staff.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
He Knew What an
Ultimatum Was

why shouldn't | know? 1t is such
a paper on which there is written that
all OF them should surrender within
twenty minutes. Otherwise they will
begin to fire guns from the fortress"
DO you think that they have no
guns in the palace 2" said l. "They
have here plenty of cannons, machine
guns and grenades, and they can
crush you to dust in few minutes"
There was silence for a minute. At
last one Of the delegates said:
I'VE ourselves understand that it is
improper for us to do it. But what
can we do? They sent us, so we 20.
Whatever the majority decide we have
TO do"
The article concludes with picture
Of the commander Of the headquarters RS
Of the staf, where the author leads
the delegates, and an emphatic review
Of the helpless situation Of the SUP
porters Of the former provisional gov
ernment.
New-York tribune., 1918-03-17
A Cadet Rushes In
With a New Story

A cadet, ragged and out of breath,
runs in:
"Sir Colonel the defenders are leav-
ing!" he says.
After a few minutes another one
falls in:
"Sir Colonel they are taking away
our arms"
The colonel Of colonels is silent.
Only his oblong face from time to
time convulsively jerks.
Precious minutes are fitting by.
Many of the officers who came to
offer their services are beginning to
leave. Also many of the officials and
officers on duty in the staff are de-
parting. The large waiting room and
the cabinet of the commander in chief
is slowly becoming deserted.
Four soldiers have appeared on the
square near the column of Alexander.
They were Bolsheviki. The enemy
was getting ready for the attack on
the building. The four men stood in
front of the building for a few min
utes and went away.
1t struck 8 o'clock. 1t seemed to
me dangerous to stay any longer in
the staff. / went out on the square.
Here everything was quiet. In the
distance / saw the street cars cross
ing from the Nevsky to the Dvortzovy
Bridge. 1t seemed that the city was
leading it's normal life. Only the
square, which was now surrounded b.
Gordon Of soldiers, was lost in q
silent confusion.
First there appeared line of sol
diers from the Patygorsky regiment;
they were at the head of Milionns
Ulitza (street). They were mostly
young, irritable men in metal helmets
which gave them a strange appear.
ance in the streets of Petrograd.
/ stepped nearer to them:
"Tovaristch!" they said to me, ave
are delegates from the fortress. We
want to see the commander. We have
paper for him, an ultimatum"
"Follow me and I'll lead you to the
! commander"
On our way I asked one of the sol
/ diers whether he knew what an ulti
( m al ff1yn
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-10-26
OUR SOLDIERS
HAVE SWEET TOOTH
Biggest Moral Force Anywhere Is
Candy. Its Universal
Demand

Dragons teeth sown in the earth
brought forth a great crop of war
riors, according to the Greek mythol-
ogy tale. but in this year solemn his
tory records that sweet teeth" pro-
duced a bumper crop of invincible
American warriors. Our fighters in
France and those in England, resting
or trained demand plenty of candy,
and the job of appeasing this great
sweet tooth falls to the Y. NJ. C. A., the
X. of c., the Salvation Army or the
Jewish Welfare Board of the overseas
organizations represented in the
United War Work Campaign. There
is not another article in the canteens
for which there is so great demand.
THE biggest moral force anywhere
is candy" said Rev. C. p Marshall,
pastor of the Church of the Pilgri-
mage, Salem, Mass, now Y. NJ. c. A.
secretary in an American camp in
England, and who has had consider
able experience as a social worker in
the U. S.
Il place candy first among the
things the Y. NJ. c. A. can be of service
in supplying" said Major Frank Page,
son of Walter Hines Page, formerly
Ambassador to Great Britain, in a re-
cent chat with Y. NJ. c. A man
Major Page has returned to America
with his father, who has been in i'll
health.
1t is the universal demand, this call
for candy among the soldiers. The de-
mand for it cannot begin to be sup
piled.
Gum is another commodity dear to
the soldier. Secretary H. Sunde of
New Richland, Mimi, recently re-
ceived the following earnest letter
from Thomas Morrissey of the same
town, who had been temporarily sta
toned at the camp in Southern Eng
land where Mr.. Sunde is located, and
who had later gone to France:
THE one thing that bothers me
most is that / can't get any chewing
gum in this country. / have tried in
every place have been and they don't
seem to have any, and we don't seem
to land in place where they have
an American Y. NJ. c. A. If you can
scrape up few packages of pepper
mint or any kind of gum, send me
some and let me know how much it
will cost and / will send you the
money"
Mr.. Sunde sent him six packages.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-10-26
ANNAPOLIS EVIDENCE
FOR ANNAPOLIS PEOPLE
The Statements of Annapolis Resi-
dents Are Surely More Reliable
Than of litter Strangers

Home testimony is real proof.
Public statements of Annapolis peo-
pie carry real weight.
What a friend or neighbor says
compel respect
The word of one whose home is far
away invites your doubts.
Here's an Annapolis statement.
And it's for Annapolis peoples ben
eft.
Such evidence is convincing.
That's the kind of proof that backs
Doan's Kidney Pills.
Sol Burtis, plumber, 81 Prince
George St, says: about two years
ago had terrible pains across the
small of my back and when l stopped.
could hardly straighten. My back
bothered me the most in the morning
and when / first got up / felt more
tired and worn out than when l went
to bed Friends told me that Doan's
Kidney Pills were good so 1 decided
TO try them. Three boxes gave me
great relief Now, I use Doan's when
ever l feel in need of a kidney rem
edy and they surely are wonderful"
Price 60c. at all druggists. Don't
simply ask for kidney remedy-get
Doan's Kidney Pills-the same that
Mr.. Burtis had Foster-M ilburn Co.
Mfgrs., Buffalo, y. Y.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-10-26
GERMAN DEMOCRACY,

Just look how democratic we are!"
cries Germany. Accordingly we look.
And. knowing little something about
a democracy, we do not find precisely
what we are expected TO.
There is a government" or min
istry" which processes to represent
the entire German nation, as no previ-
Gus government has ever done. We
find that il was appointed. as usual.
by the Kaiser, and can be changed
fact that it includes representatives
of the principal parties, including So
cial Democrats with portfolio" does
not make a great deal of difference
Much is made of the fact that those
ministers without ministerial jobs
were taken from the Reichstag. 1t is
declared that the Reiehstag is there
fore back of the government. But we
know that the Reichstag is very little
more of a responsible, authoritative
legislature than it was before. 1t is
still a debating society" and the
first and last words of war and peace.
and of all important national legisla-
ton, still rest with the Kaiser and
the Bundesrath or federal council
which he controls.
We know that the entire member
ship of that Reichstag was chosen by
the old system, ordained by Wilhelm
and maintained by Prussianism Junk
erism, whereby there has been no
equal, universal, secret. direct bal
lot" but whereby great numbers of
people have been unfranchised and
large communities have lacked repre-
sentation.
A bill has been introduced to change
that system, TO be sure. But so far
the reform is merely Prussian prom
Use. 1t may go through. Very likely
it will, when Prussianism is sufficient
ly scared. But as yet, the German
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-10-26
KEEP WELL

2
If our boys abroad are to have suf-
flcient medical aid and nursing il
means a great depletion in the ranks
of skilled physicians and nurses at
home
Theoretically the people at home
realize this, and concede the necessity
What is too little comprehended is
the twofold obligation laid upon the
civilian.
He must generously and without a
qualm witness the departure of his be-
loved family doctor or favorite nurse
and he must also make the preserva-
ton of his own health a matter OF
principle and practice, in order that
they may be set free.
When it is known that we have in
this country about 100000 sick beds
and that a survey has shown that one
half of these are unnecessary, we be-
gin to realize our shortcomings. Some
100000 cases of illness or accident
could have been avoided by taking
care in time
In the army men are subject to
military discipline for wilful exposure
of themselves TO illness; while their
health is safeguarded by carefully SUI
pervised exercise, frequent bathing
well balanced diet, and except under
pressure on the battlefield, regular
hours for work and sleep.
Just these old fashioned regulations
observed by the civilian will mean an
improvement in the general health, and
a setting free of innumerable doctors
and nurses now wrongly kept at home
Physical examination, fresh air, ex-
ercise, cleanliness, proper diet, the
avoidance OF Infection, these things
are within the grasp of any indi-
vidual, and will result in an improved
condition of the public health essen
tial in war time and no less desirable
in peace.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-10-26

'-In many cases which proved fatal death
could be definitely attributed % the Tact
that too much whiskey had been taken
under the misrepresentation that II was
an effective remedy. | strongly urge the
people 81 this community 70 refrain from
drinking any wbiskey as a preventive or
cure for influenza, as II Is extremely uah-
Keep sane and sober and You won't get
HeIp the state and County Health Au-
thorities who are working night and day
10 help you
T. s. FUEL ADMINISTRATION.
Production Manager.
On the same day the Philadelphia
North American contained the follow
ing emphatic denial from Major Gen
eraI Scott, Commander of Camp Dix,
N. j., concerning the shipmen. of car
loads OF whiskey into the camp for the
curing of influenza General SCOTS
language is most positive and follows:
Not a dose of whiskey was pre-
scribed during the entire epidemic,
according TO Lieutenant Colonel w.
Coles Davis, commandant of the Camp
Dix base hospital Lieutenant Colo
mel Harry r. Berry, camp surgeon,
also declared that modern army sur
geons have entirely discarded whiskey
and o.her alcoholic stimulants in the
t1reatment of patients. The use of
whiskey especially in influenza cases.
he said, is likely to prove as harmful
as the use of a poison.
Colonel Beery said that when the
base hospital was established a. Camp
Of scly in
cluded in the original shipment of
medical supplies. No more has been
received and the original fifteen
quarts are intact in the storeroom."
H. w. BURGAN.
Annapolis, Oct 25., rs.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1918-10-26
GEN. PERSHING SAYS:
"The More Coal You Produce The
Sooner We Shall Have Peace


General Pershing has cabled United
States Fuel Administrator Garfield
that THE more coal you produce the
sooner we shall have peace"
The text of the cablegram was wired
Immediately to mining centers
throughout the country, backed by a
warning from the Fuel Administra-
ton to pay no attention to rumors of
peace. The Fuel Administration
pledged itself that authentic news of
peace would reach all concerned
through reliable sources when the
proper time came
General Pershing's cablegram fol-
lows:
For Hon. Harry A Garfield,
Fuel Administrator.
Let there be no shortage of coal.
Lack of coal means limiting our war
industries, railroads and shipping are
slowed down, and the Army can not
be provided with means to deliver the
telling blows needed TO end the war.
Without coal we shall be without
guns and ammunition to use against
the enemy. The man in the mine
helps the man on the firing line.
The more coal you produce the
sooner we shall have peace. Every
soldier of the American Expeditionary
Forces expects to be backed up by the
miners of America Just as labor in
every branch Of industry at home has
stood behind us. We soldiers know
that We can depend upon you to do
your part as We are doing ours.
.'PERSHING."