davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seward gateway daily edition, and the Alaska weekly post., 1918-03-11
GERMANS BUYING UP
 AUSTRIAN JOURNALS

WASHINGTON, March II. Ger man interests are acquiring some of the most influer'ial newspapers in Austria, according to an official dis patch from France. Herr Princhorn, general director of the Vienne Frem- benblatt, the Mittags Journal and the Allgemeine Zeitung, the dispatch says las obtained control of the most prom inent papers i'll Prague anG other cities on behalf of a German cate.
The Seward gateway daily edition, and the Alaska weekly post., 1918-03-11

Plans to raise an army of women between 16 al S5 years of age to work on the farms in New York State is now under way.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
DAIRY COWS SHOULD BE SAVED

The European nations have killed
millions of dairy cattle for meat since
the war started. Herds have been
depleted both in warning and in neu-
trai countries. These European coun-
tries were accustomed to import much
of their cattle feed. The war reduced
these shipments very much---supplies
Immediately necessary for fighting
and food needed for soldiers took pri-
GRITTY and so, with shipping reduced by
submarines. there simply was not
enough ocean tonnage to be spared for
carrying sufficient cattle feed across
the Atlantic. At the same time the
armies needed meat-meat- -more
meat. Dairy cattle were killed to
supply this demand and because feed
could not be secured to support them.
1t is impossible to know accurately
how many have been slaughtered-but
all estimates run into the millions.
This means that European nations
are producing less dairy products and
that they will continue to produce
less and less as long as the war lasts,
There has already been a great in
crease in the amount of dairy prod
cuts sent from the United States to
Europe and this movement will con-
tinue to increase during the war. And
then. when the war ends. the Faro
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
Waste in Potatoes

Usually the potato is peeled before
bc;lins. This is a wasteful practice
as consderab1 of the potato Is re-
moved with the peel. Another point
to consider is that the protein and
mineral matter in a potato lie near
the skin. The home economics de-
partment of the North Dakota Agri-
cultural college has Just completed
an experiment to determine the loss
in peeling potatoes raw. With the
medium sized potato the loss was 10
to Fl per cent when the potato was
pared very thinly, and with small
cent. When peeled after being boiled
the loss in peeling was 9 per cent
In this case. however, just the skin
was removed and the layer next the
skin that is richest in food value was
saved.
The potato cooked I'm it's jacket has
better flavor than the potato boiled
after being peeled. but it will not be
quite as white. 1t is estimated that
when potatoes are pared before cook
iDS the loss on one bushel is equal
in food value to one pound of sirloin
steak
If the potatoes are wilted they
should be soaked beofre using. This
is especially important if they are to
be pared raw as a thinner peeling
can be removed
A considerable saving can be made
by cooking potatoes in their jack cts
A better flavor is also secured.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
Oats as a Hog Feed

In the search for cheaper feed, at the
present high price of most all feeding
stuff. / believe the value of oats as a
hog feed is sometimes overlooked I
have fed oats to sows and growing
pigs, with very satisfactory results,
and especially to brood sows.
During the winter months it can be
made good part of their ration. i al
ways like to give the sows fourth cut
ting alfalfa and scatter the oats on
top. BY this method they are busy
most all the time and get their much
needed exercise, which must not be
overlooked, if we expect to have large
filters of strong, healthy pigs. In feed
ing oats to pigs, | like to grind it and
feed 1T as slop in connection with
shorts. Oats is one of the best crops
to seed in the spring for pasture
1 always like to sow oats and wheat
together. in equal parts. The oats will
grow first and, can be pastured off, and
then the wheat will be ready. Wheat
sowed in the spring viii not head, but
Will make very luxuriant growth, as
1t stools outfand covers the ground.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
BOARDING HIDES AND LEATHER

had IS per cent more hides stored dur
ing 1916 and 1917, according to the re-
port, than during the preceding year.
There lay the leather shortage, If the
commission is to be believed. The
shortage was made by boarding of
hides by the socalled meat trust" The
scarcity was an artificial one, created
in order to mulct the country, includ-
ing the government which purchases
vast quantities of leather goods for its
soldiers, of famine prices for hides and
leather.
How this policy worked out for the
hoarders the commission tells in its
statistics of leather profits Profits of
leather manufacturers have increased
from 100 to zoo per cent since 1915.
The report of the commission de-
scribes conduct so reprehensible as to
be hardly believable. Every farmer
knows that the packers have general
control of the marketing of meat and
meat products. Few can have believed
that their control in the case of leather
could be so complete and that they
would dare exercise it with such ruth
lessness as the commission charges
That they would starve the country for
leather at a time of such desperate
need is almost past belief. We do not
know what the legal liza bilities for such
acts are. in essense it is treason OF
the most villainous sort, treason too
despicable to be honored by the firing
squad. The charge is so serious that
judgement must be withheld until we
see whether the facts presented by the
commission can be disproved or their
differences softened. If the Charges
prove true in court. and to the court
they should go with all speed the
name of Benedict Arnold will shine by
comparison with the names of Amer
lea meat and leather nionopolists
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
Immune Hogs
nv G. e. sAMUELsoN

There is a general demand among
breeders for immune hogs. Some OF the
successful breeders not only immuning
their own herds, but also make 1t
rule not to purchase hog unless it was
immune, regardless of the opinion of
other breeders. The last few years,
breeders who attempted to make a pub
lie or private sale of unvaccinated hogs,
have not been as successful in dispos-
ing of their surplus as the men who Of
fered immune hogs This one thing has
convinced the average breeder that 1t
Is best to immunize hogs. Another reason
is that breeders who are vaccinattng
their hogs, have proved that the number
of hogs dying from cholera is small. |
have made practice for the past 10
years of buying immune hogs and | be-
leve we should have law in each state
that hog producer should not be al
lowed to offer a hog for breeding pur-
poses unless it has been vaccinated by
the double treatment. 1t should be a
law that breeder who wishes to buy a
hog from another state must buy vacci-
mated hog whether he wants to or not
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
Meat Packers Exposed

The meat packers appear to be very
much between the devil and the deep sea
Despite their declarations of honesty In
business methods, the facts prove them
to be gigantic frauds.
1t has been declared time and again
that the meat packers controlled the
markets at live stock centers These
charges were refuted each time and pro-
ducers who were aroused more or less
over the agitation, settled back into their
accustomed places thinking that after all
perhaps the men who were hurting these
charges were ranting muck-rakers, and
the packers pretty good sort of a
bunch
The government investigation un-
masked their position and they now stand
guilty as charged
Fearing the direct results Of an inves-
tigation upon the future of the packing
industry-e especially so with the present
agitation for government control and
operation-the packers went so far as to
invade the precincts of Congress in an
effort to secure the aid Of congressman
in killing the measure.
1t has also been shown by the persist
ent and far-reaching efforts Of Mr..
Heney whom, by the way. has already
incurred the hate and published vitupera-
ton of the packers probing their bust
ness, that they have robbed the producers
u
| And in the face of this, these patri-
| otto gentlemen. who wrap themselves in
the folds of the flag, give literally Of
| their money and buy liberty bonds, and
| who wave flags in parades. believe they
ought to be allowed to continue in bust
ness and that the public have no rights
| which they must respect.
! Cooperative marketing of live stock
and cooperative principles have been
great factors in this country toward a
| solution Of such situation. While the
| war has evidently precipitated the pres
| ent investigation of the packers, the CO.
| operative movement in the markets made
| it only matter of time when something
drastic would have to come to protect
| the producer at the packing centers and
| in the terminal markets.
| If the devil does not succeed in get
/ ting the packers the deep sea affords
sufficient brine for a good long period
of cold storage.-Co-O Operators Herald
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
HAVE YOU CLEANED UP THAT GARDEN PATCH?
Where 1917 Milk Went

At the recent Iowa state dairy con-
vention. Mr.. Thompson, in charge Of
the manufacture of dairy products.
dairy division, United States depart
ment of agriculture. made speech in
which he gave an interesting sum
mary of the uses to which milk was
put during the last year.
He stated that last year the United
States produced S4,546,000,000 pounds
of per cent milk.
Forty and eight-tenths per cent, or
of this milk. or, 37,369,SS2,000 pounds,
was used for butter.
Foryt and eight-tenths per cent, or
34494,76S,000 pounds, was used for di-
rect consumption, such as for the milk
supply of cities.
Four and seven-tenths per cent OF
the above amount. or 3,973,662, 600
pounds, was used for cheese.
Three and five-tenths per cent. or a.
$50, 100000 pounds, was used for ice
cream.
Two and seven-te nths per cent or
2.2S2. 742,000 pounds. was used for con-
densed milk.
Four and one-tenth per cent, or g.
466, $4,000 pounds, was used for feed
ing the calves.
The point that Mr.. Thompson was
wanting to bring out especially was
that 81 per cent of the milk used for
butter was skim milk and that the
curd, the sugar and minerals in this
skim milk could all be used for human
food. He stated that the amount Of
curd in the skim milk now used for
Animal food, and that this amount of
curd now fed to calves and pigs could
De made into cottage cheese.
The government had field men help
to manufacture cottage cheese from
the skim milk at the various whole
milk creameries. The amount saved
last year contained food enough tc
equal 3,157,000 pounds of meat
There is no question but that a,
the war goes on the food value Of
this skim milk will be appreciated and
used more by people.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
MAY HAVE TO USE TOWN FOLK

is not caused entirely by the men CT
farm training having entered the mill
tary service. Among farmers, as among
every class of patriotic Americans, thou
sands of men volunteered for the army
and navy and. of course, others were
called to the colors under the select.ve
plan. But in addition to this there were
still other thousands of farm workers
who went to munitions plants places OF
cantonment construction. etc, where
war industries were seeking men at high
wages. The practical suspension of inn
migration for more than three years IS
the chief cause of labor shortage.
Last year. in many communities all
over the United States. men from towns
and cities gladly volunteered to go out
in the fields for general farm work or
for harvesting. These men who had
had farm experience we're satisfactory
workers, but often farmers We're exas-
perated and Impatient with the green
ness of some of those who had never
worked ON farms before And that IS
perfectly natural. But it viii be neces-
sary to use even more green help this
year. So 1t is just as well to comfort
ourselves with the reflection that even
unskilled farm laborers win not be MS
bad pest as the Hun will be if he ever
gets on your farm
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
Pig Clubs Growing

Despite lack of pigs in nearly every
state, the fiscal year that ended June
so brought big increases in the mem
bership of boys and girls pig clubs
with consequent greater influences on
meat production, according to the ans
nuaI report of the bureau of animal
industry.
Thirteen specialists in as many
states supervised the work of 21,603
members, membership increase of
96 per cent. This work was carried on
iii Alabama, Arkansas, California,
Georgia. Indiana. Kentucky. Louisiana,
Massachusetts,, Nebraska. North Caro-
lima. Oklahoma. Oregon and Texas The
number of members reported showed
an increase of las per cent and now is
nearly 10000
Financial aid by bankers helped
largely to make the clubs successful
AS an instance, bankers in Arkansas
last year furnished pure-bred pigs to
1900 of the 2100 pig club members on
per cent interest bearing notes AS
the notes run from 12 to Is months
the pigs themselves will pay for their
cost.
That the pig clubs are influencing
meat production is indicated by plans
in several states to have clubs send
carloads of fat hogs for competition
at fairs or stock shows. after which
they are to be marketed co-opera-
lively.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
By CLARENCE DuBOSE
8. nenurtment of AgricuIl


Il don't want any city dudes coming
out slxylarking around my place and try
ing to do farm work. farmer said last
year. II want experienced help, and II
| can't get that-well, l won't have these
town people who don't understand farm
ing
In that connection, let's review a lew
facts. We must increase our food crop
production or lose the war. There is a
shortage of skilled farm labor. After We
have applied most effectively all the ex-
perienced farm help that Is available
and after we give to high school boys
courses in farm work, by classes this
winter and training camps next spriug,
there will continue to be a shortage OF
experienced farm help. Inevitably then,
we must use some unskilled farm labor
or fail to increase our food production.
And failing to increase food production
may mean losing the war Losing the
actual Prussian occupation of the United
actual Prussin occupation of the United
States
So which will be worse-to have some
of the town people working on the farm
this summer, or to have the Kaiser 9
savages there few summers hence
communicating it's products-bayonet,ng
you should you object to their peculiar
sort OF ''skylarlsing" 1.-The kultural kind
tho kind poor Belgium knew. and now
knows!
After all thinking the matter over, we
see there are worse things than having
to use some inexperienced farm labor
this spring and summer.
THE ONLY THING TO DO
OF course evsry farmer would prefer
to have all his help experienced in farm
work. And the United States DEPART
ment OF agriculture, the United States de-
partment of labor, the state agricultural
colleges, and other agencies are co-op-
Grating in efforts to make available just
as much experienced farm help as posi-
BILE. But the point Is that after all the
skilled help is obtained that can be OBJ
tanned there is just one patriotic. PHO
sophie, Inevitable thing to do--use sorre
inexperienced help and Increase our crop
production despite all handicaps.
The shortage Of skilled farm Iabo'
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14

In the earlier days the keeping of
bees must have been one of the prin-
cipal pursuits, but when sugar was
invented honey almost lost It's place as
an article of food and remained so
until the invention of the movable
frame hive by our own Rev l.. j..
Langstroth in 1851, which gave to bee
keeping it's first impetus.
The next uplift given to the bust
ness was the invention of the comb
foundation machine in 1857 and since
that time beck eeping has steadily
moved forward, but only recently has
it been taken up by the department
of agriculture under the head of APT
culture.
When the food administration
asked the beekeepers of the United
States to triple their product for 1915
and gave as its reason that on account
of the concentrated form and the
keeping qualities of honey as an arti-
Gle of food that it was best to produce
as much of it as possible during the
war, we can begin to realize what the
honey crop of the United States
means to the world.
In order to do this it is not neces-
sary to open up new territory or even
to intensity the cultivation of the
land now in use, but to apply the oil
ing horticulture and agriculture so
Improbable. The money bee is the
same to vegetation as oil is to the
automobile. Oil has no particular
power of it's own to move machinery,
but when applied in the proper way
and in the right quantities it creates
a condition of ease and smoothness.
And so the honey bee. by being every
where present and awake to every
| G 10 inc 90 1rrr1 ,tal do,
ed to do this work which looks so
easy and yet is most difficult
WHY BEES ARE NECESSARY
In bulletin No. 5, issued in June,
1914. in the state of Massachusetts. |
read on page that 100 clover bios
SONS were covered with netting in
order to exclude bees and the result
was that not a single seed was pro :
duced. Similarly 100 blossoms were
exposed to the visits of sees in con-
trast and 1920 seeds were produced,
showing conclusively the need Of bees
in seed setting in clover. With the
apple 1856 blossoms We're covered and
the entrance of the bees prevented
with the result that only three apples
matured
1t is not uncommon to observe from
| four to six bees eagerly at work gath
efing honey and pollen from one
| squash blossom.
| Now without taking any more Of
your time with statistics ! want to
| say that as we are all vegeta BILE eating
beings and most vegetables come from
seeds and all seeds are preceded by
blossoms which must be pollinated be-
| fore they can bear seed it follows
that in the final analysis the honey
| bee or some similar insect is neces-
sary in the vegetable world Again il
can be shown that the honey bee Is
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
AS You Like It

CA Piece to Speak)
On Monday, before ! so to school
wash the dishes-it's mothers
rule
So Bridget can sort the clothes.
To help me get them quickly done,
I've made game that's lots of fun,
And here is the way it goes:
The forks are voyagers, and their
wives
Are the tablespoons and the silver
knives;
The teaspoons are babies wee;
Each platter, saucer and cups boat
In which from the dishpan port they
float
They're shipwrecked when out at
sea.
The soapsuds breakers dash fierce and
high,
But all hands are saved and rubbed
till dry;
The wrecks are towed into shore.
In closet harbor they safely stay
Till sailing date on another day,
They bravely embark once more.
And washing dishes in this way
Is nothing but fun. And / always
And mother agrees. with me-
III works on hand it's splendid
To do il the jonisst way YOU cam
Just try 1t yourself and see
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14

The country has been led to believe
during the past year that a leather
famine exists Shoes and harness have
leaped in price. We have felt concerned
lest supply of leather might not be
had at any price.
Last week the federal trade commits
sion laid before Congress a report on
the leather situation, which, if true,
discloses new depths of human deprav-
ity. The commission gives statistics
to prove that there has been no leather
shortage in the United States, but
reverse. There has been merely cor
ner on leather by interests willing to
suck the blood of their country at its
time of greatest strain.
The number of cattle slaughtered in
the United States in 1917 was Is 500. 900.
The number slaughtered in 1918, before
the war began, was 100000. Calf
skins increased in the same proportion.
about 80 per cent. In the meantime
we exported last year only half the
usual quantity of hides and leather ex-
ported in past years. Meanwhile inn
ports of hides had increased from 342,-
600 900 in 1912 to 612,000,000 pounds in
1916 Even in 1917, a year of short
oceans tonnage, we imported 100000
tons of hides.
According to these figures. there
were more hides in the United States
last year than ever before. Yet we
went through the year as in leather
famine. How could that be?
REPORT OF COMMISSION
The report of the trade commission,
a body whose sole business is to ge,
at the facts of American trade, saws
that five firms, the great packing
firms of Swift, Armour. Cudahy, Nor
ris and Wilson, control the hide and
leather market. These five concerns
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1918-02-14
About WEAVING the Pigs

When the pigs are about five weeks
old, they will begin to taste some OF
their mothers feed. Do not be in q
hurry to wean them Eight weeks is
young enough to wearn them If there
is skim milk for them. OF course thr
size and development has a great deal
to do with their weaving age If skim
milk is not obtainable, 1T is better to
let the pigs nurse the SOW until 10 weeks
old.
Skim milk and corn, or skim milk and
shorts. fed in the proportion of to l.
make excellent ration for weanlings
If skim milk is not available. mix
ture of parts corn meal. parts mid
dlings, and / part tankage, fed as a
thin slop, is very good Good succulent
pasture is always beneficial. 1t will aid
wonderfully in putting growth on the
young pigs, and the grain expense will be
lessened. After a litter of pigs has been
weaned and are eating the most difficult
part of their care is over.