Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1918-01-16
Atrocious Treatment of the Help
less Part of Campaign Plans
of Military Leaders.
POLICY OF FRIGHTFULNESS
Terrorism Declared Necessary Prin.
cipIe in National Warfare-Rru-
1alities May Be Said to Be Di-
rectly Attributable to the
Emperor Himself.

Wota0", appointed 0y the PFeSldeat
and consisting of The secretary Of
state, secretary of uar, secretary Of
the nary. and George Greet, official
censor, has made public mass Of
epidence dealing Nth German war
practices which shoms the kaiSer's
leaders in the field and in command
of captured points to be directly re-
sponsfble for the beastliness which
has characterized the operations of
the Huns in the present conflict.
Quotations from the pamphlet fol-
lou:
For many years leaders in every CIV
ilized nation have been trying TO make
warfare less brutal. The great land
marks in this movement are the Ge-
neva and Hague conventions The for
mer made rules as TO the care of the
sick and wounded and established the
Red Cross. At the first meeting at Ge-
neva, in 1864, 1t was agreed, and until
the present war 1t has been taken for
granted, that the wounded. and the doe
tors and nurses who cared for them.
would be safe from all attacks by the
enemy. The Hague conventions,
drawn up in 1899 and 1907 made addi-
tional rules TO soften the usages of war
and especially TO protect noncombat-
pn nd
took prominent part in these meet
ings, and with the other nations SOL
EMMY pledged her faith to keep all the
rules except one article In the Hague
regulations. This was article A,
which forbade the conqueror TO force
any of the conquered TO give informa-
ton. All the other rules and regula-
tons she accepted In the most binding
manner.
But Germany's military leaders had
no intention of keeping these solemn
promises. They had been trained
along different lines. Their leading
generals for many years had been urg-
ing policy of frightfulness. In the
middle of the nineteenth century Won
Clausewitz was looked upon as the
greatest military authority. and the
methods which he advocated were used
by the Prussian army in its successful
wars of 1S66-1S71. Consequently be-
cause these wars had been successful,
the wisdom of Won Clausewitz' meth
DDS seemed to the Prussian army to be
fully proved.
Policy Of Frightfuiness.
Now, the essence of Won Clausewitz'
teachings was that successful war In
wolves the ruthless application of force.
In the opening chapter of his master
work. "vom Kriege" con War;, he
says:
violence arms itself with the inven-
tons of art and science. Self
imposed restrictions, almost impercep-
tible and hardly worth mentioning.
termed usages of international law,
accompany 1t without essentially inn
pairing its power. Now. philan-
thropic souls might easily imagine that
there is a skillful method of disarm-
ing or subduing an enemy without
causing too much bloodshed, and that
this is the true tendency of the art of
war. However plausible this may ap-
pear, still II Is an error which must be
destroyed; for In such dangerous
things as war. the errors which pro-
coed from spirit of 'good-natured-
ness are precisely the worst. AS the
use of physical force to the utmost ex-
tent by no means excludes the CO.
operation of the intelligence, 1t follows
that he who uses force ruthIessly, with
out regard TO bloodshed, must obtain
a superiority, If his enemy does not
so use It,"
} In 1S7T-7S, in the course of series
of articles upon Military Necessity
and Humanity" General Won Hartmann
wrote. In the same spirit as Won Clau-
sewitz: 4SakS6sxof8ess.lssnsss-.s---
"rhe enemy state must not be spared
the want and Indebtedness of war
these are particularly useful in shat.
tering Its energy and subduing its Will. y
"Individual persons may be harshly
dealt with when an example Is made
of them, intended to serve as warn,
ing. Whenever a national wal
breaks out, terrorism becomes nee
essary military principle" 1T is 8
gratuitous Illusion to suppose thai
modern war does not demand far more
far more violence, and al
action far more general than was for
merly the case"
In 1881 Won Moltke. who had beer
In chief of the PrussiaI
army 10 the Franeo-Prussian war, de
clared:
perpetual peace is dream and no
even a beautiful dream. War is an ele
ment Il the order of the world estah
liShed by God. BY ii the most nobi
virtues of man are developed courag
and regeneration, fidelity to duty an
the spirit Of sacrifice-the soldier give
has life. without war. the world woul'
aeg, nerate and lose itself in material