davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
Switzcriand's New Crusade,

With much of Europe overthrowing
its monarchlcal and autocratic insti-
tutions and stirring with the spirit of
democracy, the Government of Swift
Zerland may not stand out to the
same degree as formerly. As the old.
est of republics, however. Switzer-
land Is model for new State build
ers, and DR.. GUsTAvE ADoR, who has
just been elected to the Presidency,
has, as he has expressed It, the re-
sponslbility Of sustaining at n critical
time the high standard of republican.
ism which his country has always
represented.
Politically Switzerland has few
serious problems. 1t has, however,
started on a crusade for Industrial
freedom. This was shown recently
in national appeal TO the people 10
support Swiss industries and in dis.
plays at every Swiss town and vii
lage of Swiss made goods. German
manufacturers and commercial inter.
ests protested strongly against these
displays, saying that the agitation
was especially directed against Ger
man importations.
In this the Germans apparently
were correct. The industrial conquest
of Switzerland was one OF the
triumphs of Berlin. The Swiss are
tired of this commercial and financial
domination; it was CALLING in time Of
peace, for 1t flooded the Swiss marloo'
with limitations of Swiss manufao
| lures, and it caused unpleasant com
plications during the war. Swltzer
land intends 10 enter the field as
competitor of Germany in many
| things In which the Germans hel(
monopoly, and 1t wants no limita
lions upon either the selling or thu
buying market. To the Swiss tbs
present time seems especially oppor
tune for this new crusade, and un
questiOnably the matter of industrial
freedom will largely influence the pol
! icy of the Swiss Administration.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16

the opening ceremonies knew when
they sailed away from Cuxhaven that
der Tag" had come.
Because of the Klel Canal and
the Importance that 1t has had In the
German naval and military schemes
the plea of the people Of Schleswig
and Holstein to be restored to Den
mark has q special international inter-
est. The canal was constructed upon
territory which had been wrested
from Denmark by Austria and Ger
many in 1866 and afterward apprO
printed by Germany TO carry out Bis
MARcK's plans for Prussian strong
hold on the North Sea. The people,
especially those Of Schleswlg. have
remained stubbornly Danish in Ian
gunge and customs.
To them was promised through pro
visions In the treaty the right of self.
determination. But like other Ger
man agreements this was treated as a
! scrap Of paper md the provision was
abrogatS by means Of secret under.
standing between Austria and Ger.
many. But to the Danes Schleswlg
and Holsteln have remained another
Alsace and Lorraine. They ask now
that the justice refused them by their
German conquerors be accorded them
In the readjustment Of the rights OF
the smaller peoples Of Europe. Presi.
dent WILSON In replying to n petition
of American citizens from Schleswlg
and Holstein and others OF Danish
descent has said:
81 can but assure you that your ap'
| peal to Americas sympathy and pas
| sion for justice will not go unheeded
for 1t POUNDS itself wisely upon the
rights OF men to rule themselves and
| to choose tho manner In which that
self-rule shall be exercised"
The Danes apparently do not seek
the complete control OF Kiel Canal
According to dispatches from Copen
| hagen as well as statements or repre-
sentatives Of Denmark In this coun
try, they would prefer to have II
made an international waterway. Thi,
would mean the safeguarding to the
commerce Of all nations from any fu
ture naval designs Of Germany of one
Of the worlds greatest canals, cana
that cuts 500 miles Off the voyage
from the North Sea to the Baltic, tina
carries more craft than the Suez, that
will accommodate the largest ocean
going vessels, a fact which Germany
demonstrated when she passed
through It the Leviathan, then thu
Vaterland, the pride Of her merchan
| marine.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
Cheaper In the End,

There will be, of course, some dis
appointment that the Senate Commit
tee on Interstate Commerce refused
favorable report on a bill to provide
Federal funds for building n vehicu-
lar traffic tunnel under the Hudson
River, but the reason for the refusal
should be convincing to the States
which favored the bill. Precedents,
especially presidents for appropria-
lions of money, are VIGOROUSLY dan
gerous things in Congress. 1t would
be many millions cheaper in the end
for taxpayers of New Jersey and New
York to build and pay for the tunnel
without hope of an adequate return
on the investment than to pay the
lncalculable taxes which in the near
future and forever thereafter would
be added to their Federal tax bills
to pay for tunnels In every Congress
district watered by so much as q
trout stream.
If a tunnel under the Hudson Is
necessary for the efficient handling OF
the commerce of the port it should
be built. bht for ultimate economy's
sake built by the States to be most
benefited.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
KEEP 1T RIGHT SIDE UP.
The Important Point About Using the
Flag for Decorative Purposes.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: The
letter in THE sun complaining that the
American flag was hung Improperly
when President Wilson made his last
address to Congress is worth noticing
only because of a general notion extant
that there Ia a certain proper method
in which Old Glory should always be
hung as an article Of drapery. 1 beg
to say that there is not.
Using the flag for decorative purposes
Is always a matter of good taste.
Whether the union should be on the
right or the left is immaterial There
Is no law or custom to govern. Good
taste would dictate that the flag should
not be hung upside down.
Much might be said against the pro-
priety Of using the flag for decoration at
all. We have in most States laws against
using It for advertising purposes, and
frequently its use for decorative pur-
poses comes very close to violation
Of these laws.
I have gone over the army and navy
regulations relative to the flag. l, have
also seen a small pamphlet purporting
to prescribe certain regulations to OBJ
serve when hanging the flag; but that
was absolutely without authority of law
or custom in the army or navy. II
was merely the empirical views Of the
author.
Using the natural position OF the flag
when hoisted, 1t is easily seen that nc
analogous positions can be prescribed to
govern its hanging for display or deco
rative purposes further than to keep
1t right side up. Whether its field shall
point north, south, east or west, whether
to tho right or left OF the pole. is al
the caprice of the wind. How can one
say, then. that the field should always
point in any particular direction?
F. l.. HITCHCocK.
Civil War Veteran.
SCRANTON. Pa, December II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
THE DOG AT THE LECTURE.
He Dlverts the Speaker to a Eulogy
Of the Soldiers Friend.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN--Sir: Re-
Gently / read in THE SUN a long indict-
ment OF the dog by American" The
day following, in Johnstown, n. Y, l
was a witness OF an interesting incident
in which the dog figured.
DR.. J. Asphalt McCuaig. Scotch
Canadian. was addressing a great audi
rnce assembled in the Grand Theatre
in observance of Britaln's Day He was
emphasizing the fact brought out by the
war OF the remarkable unity of Britain.
-Four years ago." DR.. McCuaig said,
when the lion growled, her whelps the
world over put up their ears At her
mighty roar, In the first contact of war,
from the ends of the earth, they were
at her side. Mother and whelps they
are one"
At this point OF his address the at
tention of the speaker was called TO n
dog that had strayed into the theatre
and was attracting general attention as
he s'rolled down the aisle Uncon-
cerned by the hands put out to deter
him, the puppy was pursuing his way
TO the front of the theatre.
Let no one touch that dog" cried
Dr. McCuaig. Let no one put him out.
It's proper he should DO here The best
friends OF the British soldiers on the
field have been their dogs They fought
beside the lion, they helped the lion win.
I have at home an Irish terrier who
wears a service stAr. His brother is
at the front with the Irish Fusiliers We
are not sure whether or not he will be
coming back. The casualty list OF dogs
has not yet been published. 1t Is proper
that this dog should be here to-day. He
represents his kind. had I my way
IA invite him TO the platform. Id cover
him with Red Cross decorations. I'd
wrap around him the flags OF all allied
nations-to let tho world know, this
Britain Day. what tho British owe to
their dogs. Let no one touch him. He
has a right to be here"
The thunder OF applause that followed
indicated the sentiment OF that audience
Of Americans in regard to the dog.
JoHNsTowN, December II. Barron.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
The Score In the Air.

The total score Of the war in the
air has not yet been made up, but
an intelligent idea of its magnitude Is
found in the figures compiled for the
first four years of the conflict by
LAURENCE LA ToURETTE briggs and
printed in his Heroes Of Aviation" a
book published by Little, Brown 4
Company. That the collection by lay
men OF official data about sky battles
was difficult became evident early in
the war. The French, who would not
publish their army casualties, gave
out the records OF their aces The
British, who regularly issued casualty
totals, had little to make public about
the exploits Of their airmen. Even
now, when Mr.. briggs is able to give
the records of the British aces, the
total number of German aircraft
brought down by all Britons can only
be guessed at, but the guess must be
n big one, for on the work of aces
men who had five or more kills-the
British easily lead the Allies. Here
are the number of victories won by
the aces Of each nation and the
number of men who did the trick:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16

And further on November l OF those
years the average farm value OF hay In
New York state was s15.16 a ton, while
that in Nebraska was $10.50. which
would make the total value for the
three years crop in New York State
S2S5. 1885, 900. an average Of S95,255, 900
a year, while the total for Nebraska
for the three years was s176,442,oo
an average OF a5S.s14.0OO a year--a diff
ference in favor Of New York OF $780,
$4,000 a year.
New York State has not been con-
sidered In latter years as a beef or
mutton producing state. but the figures
quoted indicate the ability to produce
hay and forage in quantities sufficient
TO maintain ia.ge numbers of cattle and
sheep. and Government figures further
show that New York State produces az
average an acre OF corn, oats, wheat
rye buckwheat and barley equal to the
quantity produced an acre in the great
grain States Of tho central West. but
notwithstanding her great home mar
kets and a population Of more than
ten and a half million people there pre-
wallis the anomalous condition OF pro-
ductive. well improved farm lands Of
fered ut prices averaging from a third
to a half those for similar lands in
those States.
For many years millions of acres OF
most excellent pasture have been al
lowed to go to waste. Present and
prospective prices OF meats and wool
should encourage to the full extent the
utilization OF the agricultural resources
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
THE SOLDIERS MAIL.
Sometimes It Is as Slow in Going as
II Is In Coming.

IL - IN SOmIHB.
To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--Sir: One
OF the chief delights of the soldier after
he comes In from his drills. hikes or
work Is to receive mail AS a rule he
Is isolated from civilization Cat least
I was). but he must be kept in touch
with his home through letters and pack
ages.
We realize that the Government is do
ing much TO make the soldier comforta-
Bile; but why doesn't II speed I'D his
mail? The delays are many. For in
stance, on Thanksgiving Day. November
2S, was in camp in Virginia ana re
ceived a registered letter which had been
mailed from n point in New Jersey on
November 20. That same day another
soldier at the same camp received n
registered letter, also mailed in New
Jersey. but on November IS. ten days
having elapsed between the time It was
sent and the time he received It.
Again. while I was stationed at Sandy
Hook. New Jersey. sent a special de.
livery letter TO n place not moro than
sixty miles distant from the camp on
a Friday morning; it was received the
following Monday, thus making useless
the visitors passes for Sunday which the
letter contained. Another letter mailed
at the same time reached a point 12o
IT les distant on Saturday.
Is It the civil or the military authori-
ties who are TO blame for these delays
And how could our mail deliveries be
expedited? F. A.
New YORK, December II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16

The proposed new constitution for
Germany, which is said 10 have been
modelled after the American and Eng
fish charters. provides for an executive
who will be more restricted in authority
than tho President of the United States,
The upper chamber. IL is proposed, will
be made up of delegates from the
federated States, while the lower house
will be composed OF general and popular
representatives.-DcSpJtch from Berlin.
The German constitution consciously
modelled on those OF England and the
United States will be worthy of care
full study. The unwritten fundamental
law OF England and tho written Con-
stitution of the United States express
the genius OF peoples gradually devel-
oped in the art and science OF self
government. 1t will be instructive TO
watch the political evolution, under the
forms devised by them, OF people
trained In another mode OF public
thought.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
Explaining President wilson's Anti
LynchIng Proclamation.

The testimony given last week
by Captain GEORGE i. LESTER Of the
Military Intelligence Bureau con-
corning the methods employed by Ger
man propagandists in this country
furnished the explanation of President
WILSON'S utterance on lynching, issued
late in July, the inspiration for
which has remained unknown to the
public up to the present. No outbreak
OF mob violence of peculiar audacity
had occurred Immediately before the
issuance of the Presidents appeal for
the maintenance Of order, and the
selection of that particular season for
his denunciation of lawlessness pro
vOked general curiosity.
According to Captain LESTER, Ger
man propaganda among the negroes
took several forms, from promises
that Germany after winning the war
would establish an independent negro
State on this continent to insistent
emphasizing Of lynchlngs. Captain
LESTER testlfled mat:
'"rhls propaganda became SO serious
from a military point of view that g
conference OF the negro leaders of tn,
nation was called to consider the ques
ton on July c, 1918.
AS a result of this conference and
OF statement by the President de
nouncing mob action issued on July &C
1918. not much more was heard OF tho
German activities among the negroes"
Thus President WILSON'S anti
,ynchlng proclamation was wal
measure, Issued in response to tn,
representations of the military au
thoritieS, and was productive Of goo(
results IN that 1t rendered German
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
Abuse Of the Supreme Court.

At conference Of the Community
Councils for National Defence held at
the Park Avenue Hotel on Friday, the
four hundred delegates, most Of whom
were women, were invited by Mr..
RoBERr BBUERE, the principal speaker,
to believe that the Supreme Cpurt Of
the United States Is an Anticipated
institution of antiquity" He rejoiced
that certain of the policies formu'
lated by the War Labor Board and
promulgated by the President had
wiped out for the period Of the war
certain Of the decisions of the Su-
preme Court" and he predicted that
unless they were modified by popular
sentiment industry Is going to be
hamstrung by the policies which the
Supreme Court has made the high
est law Of the land"
It is to be hoped that the ladies in
Mr.. BRUERE's audience, most of them
now presumably voters, understand
that the Supreme Court Of the United
States does not make the highest law
of the land, or any law. 1t interprets
and applies to the facts of individual
cases the law of the land as contained
in the Constitution and in our trea ties
with foreign nations and In the acts
Of Congress duly passed and approved
by the President. The Supreme Court
has no policies" unless 1t be called a
policy to construe and apply the Con-
stitution and the laws correctly and In
the best Of the Justices ability. The
people themselves have established
that great tribunal to perform this
duty. It there are any laws which
are likely to "hamstring" Industry,
they must have been enacted by the
representatives Of the people in Con-
gress assembled, and the remedy for
such state Of things is to get Con-
gress TO repeal the obnoxious leglsla-
tion-and not to abuse the Supreme
Court of the United States.
No institution of our Government
has commanded more respect from
competent foreign critics and few
have received more praise than the
Supreme Court Of the United States.
1t is most unfortunate that any new
or old voter should be misled as to
: its character and tendencies. In al
most the same breath in which Mr.
BRUERE condemned 1t as an antigua ted
tribunal he asserted that It was alive
TO the best influences of a healthy
popular sentiment, saying land the
Supreme Court in its interpretations
Of law usually follows the preponder.
ance of public sentiment" What
more can be desired by the most radi,
cal OF reformers?
In times like these. when the Boil
shevlk spirit threatens the cause OF
law and order almost everywhere in
the world except in our own blessed
land, unfounded abuse of one Of the
greatest Of human tribunals is sorry
business.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16

ian flying forces and Lieutenant Cor
PENS of the Belgian army ranked
with the great hiers named; one with
thlrty-one victories, the other with
thirty. America came too late to
have a chance to make n very high
score In the air. Not but what Its
record was honorable, and twelve
Yankees landed ON the immortal list
Of aces Our top five men are listed
as follows:
Captain RAoUL LUFBERY (killed) 49,. IS
Lieutenant DAVID Z. PUTNAM (killed) Is
Lieutenant FRANK L. BAYLIEs (kllled) ~
Lieutenant FRANK BAER (captured) 9
Major WILLIAM THAw 6
OF the Americans who fought In
the air, LUIwuT may be longest
remembered here, just as Captain
ALBERT BALL of the British will be
best remembered in England. PUT-
NAM, however, was the Albert Ball
of our air force, for he brought down
five Germans in one day, n feat ex-
ceeded by only two men in all the
war-FoNcK Of the French and Troll
ioPE Of the British. Our aces are
credited with 121 wins. but the total
Of German alrplanes sent to earth by
all American aviators was 1877.
Of The German fllers, Captain voN
RIcHTHoFEN heads Mr.. DRIGGs's list
with eighty claimed victories. His
predecessor in prominence, Captain
BoELKE, who was killed in October.
1917, has score of forty. IMMEL-
MANN made only fifteen kills.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
DISQUALIFICATION usele.s. va are glad 4

propaganda useless. We are glad II
fulfilled its immediate purpose.
1t will now be Interesting to observe
President WILSON'S acts to make eff
fectlve his words Of last July, for in
war or peace mob violence Is an evil
so menacing that no officer of the
Government can afford to ignore IL.
In the past the United States has been
involved in serious arguments. with
other Powers because Of outbreaks in
which aliens entitled to protection
have suffered in their persons or their
property. The circumstance that the
maintenance of order is a function Of
the States makes the situation diff
cult from the Federal standpoint II
President WILSON Is determined to
end this grave evil the manner in
which he proposes to attack 1t will
enlist the attention Of all citizens,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
SWINDLING SOLDIERS.
4 Serious Charge Against Staten Isl.
and Tnxicab Men.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-SI: II
there Is any truth in the report that
a coterie OF interruptions taxicab chauf-
feurs are charging wounded soldiers ex-
brilliant prices to carry them from the
Municipal Ferry at ST. George, Staten
Island. TO the base hospital at Fox Hills.
they should be arrested and prosecuted
TO the full extent OF the law. The mere
revocation OF their licenses Is not suffi-
Client punishment for the crime; a few
months in Jail would be fitting
According to report the wounded men
are being charged SO for ride OF a
little over "a miles which should cost
not more than $40. If the taxicab is
equipped with q meter. If the cab is not
equipped with meter the charge will
probably be little higher. but It should
not amount to 50. The cabs not equipped
with meters display cards in conspic-
uous places on the inside. and these
cards are not supposed TO be covered
up or hidden from view In any manner.
The legal rates OF fare are printed on
the cards. INDIGNANT.
NEW YORK, December II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
An International KieI Canal.

When the Kiel or the Kaiser Will
helm Canal was finished and there
was an open, free way for German
warshiIS from the naval bases at
Wilhelmshaven and Helgoland on the
North Sea to the strongly fortified
harbor of Kiel on the Baltic the tlen
Emperor WILHELM in an address to
his army and navy said: 1.-THE Ger
man has never known better how to
fight than when he has to defend
himself on all sides. Let them come
against us; we re.ready"
1t has been asserted in France and
England, and many German authorl-
ties have agreed with The assertion,
that the reason WILHELM did not
choose the Agadir incident as II cause
for war was that this canal, upon
which he had depended SO much for
proving the sea power of Germany,
was not completed. He believed that
the possession of this link between
the northern seas would be indispen.
sable to Germany in any war involv.
ing operations by the sen, that it per.
mltted Germany to use her entire
naval forces on the Baltic and the
North seas either against Russia on
one side or against Great Britain or
any other western Power. The canal
was formally opened by the German
Emperor on July 1, 1914, month
before the outbreak Of the war. The
British naval officers who attended
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16
THE VILLAGE OF DREAMS.
Arcadia Bounded by the Spirit Rather
Than by Externals.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sr: I
have read with interest the letter OF
"a Lost Man" who has searched in vain
for the Arcadian village in which TO pass
his middle age and declining years
] think that your correspondent looks
for happiness too much TO externals,
rather than in the spirit 1t ia true
that the contemplation of nature is in
spring; the trees and mountains; the
rivers and the ocean; the animals and
the people. and especially to consider
THY heavens, the work OF thy fingers !;
the moon and the stars which thou hast
ordained" bat l Judge that the writer
Of the letter. like many men, has spent
his time mainly In hard. practical work,
and has neglected the cultivation OF the
spirit.
I'll est tres diflcile de trouver le bon
heur en- nous. Il est impossible ailleurs."
WILLIAM s. WHITEHEAD.
NEW YORK, December "a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1918-12-16

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-SH: In
my SUN find the following:
PARIS, Dec. lO--The RsviotualllnE Min
lister to-day authorised cooks to resume
tho making OF pastry.
May l ask through YOU exactly how
to make those crescent shaped rolls
which we used TO have served with our
break fast coffee in the good hotels in
France? They were more like pastry
than bread. Is II possible to make at
home the French bread such as was
served in some hotels and restaurants
before the war, and how can it be
made * II, BARKER.
NEW YoRE December II.