davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1918-08-16

half cup Of syrup and about one-haf cup Of corn sugar.
Onefourth of a cup of sugar is equal to about one-half
cup of syrup or one-third cup Of corn sugar. One table
spoon Of sugar is equal to one tablespoon Of honey, about
one and one-half tablespoons Of syrup and one snd one
third tablespoons of corn sugar.
Sugar may be saved by the use Of raisins, dates, figs,
dried pears and fruit pastes used on the breakfast cereals.
Fruit marmalades. buffers and jellies should be used
10 take the place of the ordinary sweetenng at a meal and
not as accessories to Il. Fruits may be preserved without
sugar. Il may be added when sugar is more plentiful.
Preserving demands this year a thin syrup instead Of a
heavy syrup.
II sugar is used one-half Of the amount may be replaced
by another sweetener.
Drying is a means Of preserving without SUGAR. APP
Piles, cherries, strawberries and black caps.
When ready to use they may have added the needed
sugar in the form Of a syrup. When sugar is more plentiful
fruit juices may be made into ielies or may be used as
fruit juices with or without sugar, as beverages, fruit
gelatins and frozen desserts.
Fresh fruits supply the place of sugar in the diet. They
should be used freely. Desserts where sugar rs scarce
may be made of gelatins. junkets, custards. buildings and
cakes.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1918-08-16

Tho knitting club met this week
with Mrs. 4. j. Weld. There were
about twenty ladies present. They
are knitting socks aud sweaters.
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1918-08-16

Increase ...,,.,,, So,NoolOO0 bushels
~ these cereals our shipments OF
the prime brcadstuns In the hscnl year
ialT.is 10 Allied destinations were:
wheat 100000 bushels ana Of rye
100000 bushels. a total OF iii.OOO.-
OOO bushels.
The exports 10 Aplcd destinations
during the fiscal year iol6-i7 were:
Wheat iSh.iO0.OOO bushels and rye
100000 bushels, a total Of 1877 10000
bushels In addition some 100000
bushels of 1917 wheat are nov In port
for Allied destinations or on route
thereto The total shipments 10 Allied
countries from our lsst harvest 81
wheat viii be therefore. about i4i.ODO..
600 bushels, or n total Of l5tpOOiODO
bushels ~ prime hrendstuns In ad.
ditlon % this va have shipped some
100000 bushels 10 neutnls depend
ent upon N. and We have received
some imports from other quarters
This accomplishment 81 our people
In this matter stands out even more
clearly n We bear In mind that We had
available In the fiscal year 1907
from net c%arry-ovcr and ns surplus
over mi normal consumption about
2OO.OOO.O00 bushels Of wheat which we
were able 10 export that year without
trenching on u nome Loaf Mr..
Hoover snid. This last year. however,
owing TO the large failure Of the 1917
wheat crop. We had available from net
%cnrry-ovcr aud production and Imports
only Just about mi normal consump-
ton. Therefore our wheat shipments
10 Allied destinations represent ap-
provimately savings from our own
wheat bread.
These figures. however. do not fully
convey the volume ~ the effort and
sacrifice made during the past yenr
by the whole American people. ua-
spite the magnificent EFFORT Of our arrl.
cultural population In planting u much
Increased acreage In 1917. not only was
there a very large failure In wheat,
hut also the corn failed 10 mature prop.
cry, and our corn Is our dominant crop.
Il an sure" Mr.. Hoover wrote IN
concluding his report, shat aIl the
millions Of our people. agricultural ns
well ns urban, who have contributed
70 these results should feel a very
definite satisfaction that IN q year OF
universal food shortages In the north.
ern hemisphere all Of those people
Joined together against Germany have
come through into sight ~ the cominr
harvest not only with wealth and
strength fully maintained. hut with
only temporary periods Of hardship.
1T Is difficult 10 distinguish between
various sections Of u peopie-the
hoL'as, public eating places. food
trades. urban or agricultural populn.
tions-ln assessing credit for these re-
suits, hut no n will deny the domI.
nnnt part ~ the American women"
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1918-08-16

A honrder Is a man WHO Is more In.
terested In getting hN bite than In Civ.
ing his bit
The Columbus courier. [volume] (Columbus, Luna County, N.M.) 1911-1920, 1918-08-16
War Time Sweeteners

has several excellent war time sweet
eners that will be used largely during the
shortage In the sugar supply.
They are maple sugar, syrups, honey and
molRsses and may be used In preparing des-
serts and other dishes requiring sweetening.
When a cup Of syrup or honey Is used
to replace a cup of sugar the liquid in the
recipes should be decreased one-fourth.
One-third Of a cupful of sugar Is equivalent
10 nnn-ihird of q cum of hnneu ahnnt NM
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
HUN SHIPS SEIZED.
GERMAN OWNED STEAMSHIP
COMPANY TAKEN OVER BY
GOXERNMENT.
Germans and American Traitors OPP
Grated Ships Under American Flag
to Supply German Raiders and Sub
nlanies-Plot Finally Uncovered.

Washington, Sept. 4-On the
ground of German ownership, the
American Trans Atlantic Company,
which until its shops were comman-
dcered by the United States shipping
board in October, 1917, operated in
ocean trade Of II steamships fiyins
the stars and Stripes has been taken
over by A. Mitchell Palmer, alien
property custodian.
Richard G.. Wagner, formerly of
Milwaukee. an American born citizen,
head Of the concern for three years.
deceived the American government
with truly Prussian arrogance" as
well as British and French prize
courts as to ownership Of property
according to Francis p Caravan, in
vcstigator for the custodian. who
made public tonight summary of
Wagener'S activities.
The ships were in fact bought with
German gold and the company was
organized eight months after the out
break of hoStilities with funds which
Count Won Bernstorff. the German
ambassador caused 10 he sent tor
Wagener's benefit. WAGNER. under
the examination of M Caravan. pro-
tested the ships were American
owned until the last. but finally own
ed up before the weight Of evidence.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
TREMENDOUS WAGE INCREASE
MILLION RAILROAD MEN RE
GENE ADVANCE OF $25 A
MONTH.
Director General McAdoo Issues Or
der Affecting Mostly Railroad Em-
ployecs Receiving Less Than $1@O
Per Month.

Washington. Sep: 5.-Nearly q
million railroad employees. including
ali clerks, track laborers. mainten-
ance way men to receive a wage in
crease Of $25 month. the equivalent
OF a dollar day Or twelve cents ar
hour over pay they received last Jan
uary under the new wage order is
sued today by Director General Nc
Adoo.. Advances are effective Sep
tember 1st.
The order affecting half the rail
road men in the United States and
adding approximately one hundred
and fifty millions to the payroll, IS
the second largest aggregate wage IN
crease ever granted in American IN
dustriaI hi:stor, Most Of the men
covered by the order have been MAX
ing less th3a a hundred dollars a
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
Z
FRENCH DRIVE CONTINUES.
HUNS BEING STEADILY DRIVEN
BACK on AISNE FRONT. s.
Advance Last Night and Today Made
Steady Progress With Important
Results. ~

Paris, Sept 4-The French yes
terday and last night continued to
push back the Germans 10 the east OF
the Canal du Nord and between the
A;lette and Aisne rivers, it is officially
announced. -
The French took Capitre Wood:
northeast of Chevilly. and -approachs
ed the town of Crosilles, three miles
north of Noyon. "a
North of the Ailette they reached
the outskirts Of Coucy-le-Chatea and
Justencourt. q
South of the river they drove easts
ward from Leuilly and attained the
suburbs of Clanaecy and Bray. IS
On the Aisne Bucy-le-Long was
penetrated Fifteen hundred prisons
ers were taken.
On the Vesle parties of French
crossed at several points
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
BRITISH hOPP|NG UP.
GREAT PROGRESS MADE LAST
NIGHT ON FLANDERS
FRONT.
Many Towns and Villages Between
Cambrai and Ypres Captured as
Troops Press Forward in Pursuit Of
Germans.

London, Sept 5.-The British made
marked progress last night on the
Flanders eront, it is officially announc-
ed Ploegstrer village and Hill No.
63, southwest of Messines have been
captured.
On the Lys front the British hold
the genera line of Voormezele'
Wulverghem, Ploegsteert, Nleppe
Laventie and Givenchy. Eastward OF
Giyenchy section Of the ola Ger
man line has been taken.
In front of Cambria the British
have improved the position south OF
Monvres, east of Hergies and near
the Canal du Nord.
Further south they captured Nea-
vsl,e-Bourjouval, east of the Canal du
Nord. More than sixteen thousand
prisoners and a hundred guns have
been taken during the past four days.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07

around their guns which they had
they had had nothing to eat for four
days because Of the great disorgan-
:zation at their rear.
The lack OF German shell fire was
explained in many instances when
guaaers captured say they had no
ammunition. Many times, they de-
clared. they could have fired with
open sights into the advancing Brit
ish, but they had no shells and could
not get any.
The fighting this afternoon seems
to be more vigorous along the north
ern. part OF the Hindenburg line than
elsewhere. The British are sweeping
along astride it from the point where
it joins the Drocourt line az Queant.
considerable prog"es>. is reported and
;..rge numbers OF Germans have been
killed 81 taken prisoner Thousands
OF prisoners are coming into the
cages. One armE had 5000 Ger
l'oans in its cages this afternoon. How
many machine guns We're captured
will not be known Tor many days.
but there We're thousands.
Thc prisoners were of all sorts. in
cludins cavalrymen, who had been
dismounted and fought as infantry.
The haru pressed German command
crs took men from anywhere. no mat
ter Whit they We're supposed to be
doing. ard put them in the line with
rifles ard machine guns in an effort
to stem the tide.
How many there are it is impos-
Sibie % cen estimate.
The German formations which op-
posed tie British hive been literally
torn 20 pieces and the tearing still
continues along ;he Hindenburg line
and to Tie north.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
COTTON PRICE Fixing.
WILSON TO APPOINT COMMITTEES,
TO CONSIDER STABILIZE
ING PRICE.
Chairman Daruch OF War Industries
Beard Makes Statement Concerning
Stapfe-Short Crop Creates Prob
lem.

Washington, Sept. 4.-T2e war in
dustries board, with the s2proval OF
President Wilson, is soon TO appoint
a committee to consider the desirable
ity and feasibility Of offering sta
biIzation Of cotton prices and other
matters connected with handling the
crop. This was announced tonight by
Chairman Baruch.
The announcement of another short
crop of cotton, said Mr.. Baruch's
statement, raises in acute form the
problem of satisfying the needs of
the nation as we'll as those OF the al
les securing an equitable distribution
for the purpose of winning the war.
Involved in the distribution is the
problem of bringing about a reason
able stabilzation of prices in the IN
terest of both the producer and the
consumer"
Mr.. Baruch said the committee to
be appointed will study the present
cotton situation. the problems of dis
tripution, the marketing of low
grade cottons and the desirability and
feasibility of effecting stabi!izatlon
of prices
The committee, the chairman ad-
ded, will begin activities as soon as
possible and will hold hearings at
convenient points in the cotton pro-
ducing States and at such other
as may be found necessary, SO that
interested parties can present their
views"
Announcement by the department
OF agriculture yesterday that the Sc
we're drought in July and August had
reduced the production forecast from
1925, 900 equivalent 500 pound bales
as of June 25 to 11,137,00O bales as of
August % was responsible for the
boards decision, which was under
stood to have been approved to the
supreme war council.
After the departments forecast
was made public, the price of cotton
went up more than $40 bale on the
principal cotton exchanges Of the
country and the advance was largely
maintained today.
Proposals to fix -e price of raw
cotton have been advanced from time
to time since the government under
took voluntary price fixing with rep
resentatives with various industrials,
but strong opposition has been offer.
Pa veesseafsgveMt-
ers and members of congress from
cotton growing States.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
GERMANS FAILING BACK II
NOYON SECTOR.

Paris. Sept. 5-The German re-
treat before the French northeast OF
Noyon continued last night, it is Off
eially announced.
The French are pushing far east
of the Canal du Nord and advancing
north.
The Franco-Americans have reach
ed the cross ridge, dominating the
Aisne.
In the Nesle region the French have
crossed the Somme canal near Voyen-
mes.
Just south they have reached the
region of Hombleux, Emancipation
and Flavy-le-MeldeuX
Between the Ailette and Aisne the
towns of Clamency. Brayency, Brave
and Missy-sur-Aisne have been cap
tured.
On the vesie the operations have
extended eastward, and a crossing
. has been effected between Venteaux
and Jonchery, on two and a-half
mile front.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
CAROL|N|AHS IN DRIVE.
sHIRI1ETH DIVISION FIGHTING
ssNITH GEN. HAIG IN FLAN-
DERS.
4nis Division is COMPOSED Of South
Carolina, North Carolina and Ten
nessee Troops-Huns Hear Deadly
Rebcl Yell as They Flee.

Sept. 4.-The arrival
1fs Major General Graves and staff at
IIa divostok to take command of ali
american forces fighting on the new
5astern front was announced by
Gen. March today. Gen. March stat
"a that the total embarNation OF
american troops for I'll fronts, in
auding the Siberian expedition, pass
sa the million, six hundred thousand
bark by August 31st.
He identified the American unit
Participating in the Flanders advance
Sc the Thirrieth Division, composed
sf troops from Tennessee, North Car
Dsina and South Carolina.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
SEED PRICES FIXED.
Average Recommended by Producers
Adopted After Conference With
State Food Men.

Washington, Sept. 4.-The stabiliza-
ton of cotton seed prices at the av-
erage recommended ny the producers
has been adoptef5 by the food admin
iStrator after conference with the
State food administrators today.
The prices Of cottonseed in South
Carolina is s72 in car lots, $50 for
wagon seed.
The price Of meal in South Carolina
will be $50
The food administrator has applied
to the war industries board to re-
wise the price Of linters and any in
crease in prices of linters will be ap-
Piled to reduction of meal.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
OLD DRAFT RULES APPLY.
Few Changes to be Made, Says Gen
CrOWder.

Few Changes to be Made, Says Gen.
Crowder.
Washington, Sept. 3.-No changes
are contemplated in the basic rules
governing the operation Of the draft
in the case OF men included under the
new age limits. This was indicated
today by Provost Marshal General
Crowder. who after a visit to the
White House with General March.
chief Of staff, explained that the prin-
ciples which prevailed in the selec-
ton of men between the ages Of p
and 81 would be retained in large
measure for the guidance of those
operating the selective draft machin-
cry.
There will be some changes, how
ever. in the details relating to men
engaged in certain industries and
more especially to men Of mature age.
Just what these are the government
is not prepared to announce.
Generals March and Crowder We're
summoned 20 the White House by the
president who wished to famlliarlZe
himself with all details Of the man
power measure.
When arrangements will be made
which automatically exempt railroad
men and coal miners as q body can
not yet be stated. Director General
McAdoo is understood to be in favor
Of providing some method other than
the decision Of local boards for eX-
emptingg essential railroad employees
General Crowder said that under
pre sent plans the matter Of exempt
ing this class of workers wcalo be IN
the hands Of the district boards 10 be
taken UP by them after the question
naires have been passed on by the To-
cal boards which he said are with
out Jurisdiction to exempt regis
trant on the ground that he is an es-
sential industrial worker.
Just what the changes IN detail OF
selecting those OF the higher ages will
be. General Crowder WAS not prepar-
ed to say. This information will be
forth coming later when all the ar
rangements for making selections are
promulgated.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
American Casualty List.

Washington, Sept. 5.-The army
casualty list issued today totals 373,
as follows: Killed in action, 81;
missing, SO; wounded severely, $50;
died from accident and other causes,
13: died of wounds, II; died of dis
ease. 4; wounded. degree undetern1in-
ed, 30; died from airplane accident,
3: prisoner, /. Wounded severely,
Ernest L. Visanska, Charleston, S.
c.; John C. Ferguson, Jr., Abbeville,
S. c.; Ed Zeigler, Janlison, s. c.: AL
len L. Mason, Arlington, S. c. Miss
ing. Ivy W. Beverly, Conway, S. G..
Killed, Landru1n Allen, Gaffney, S.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
BRITISH CROSS CANAL.
HOLD ON WEST BANK OF CANA1
Dc NORD SECURED TO- s.
DAY.
British are Making an Irresistibie
Advance Beyond DrocOurt-Queant
Line-Sevcral Important Towns 0cs
cupied.

London, Sept An the push be:
yond Drocourt- Queant line the Britsl
have reached the line Of thesCana1 dr
Nord, says Gen. Paige's official state
ment. North Of the Arras-Canlbras
read they occupied the towns o:
Ecourt and ST. Quentin. North %
Peronne the advance carried ths
British through VauX Wood aboYs
Meisland. Slight advances were scoE
ed at other points In Flanders ths
British are approa ching Neuve Cha
pelle Laventie. Neippe and Sally:
sur-Lallys have been taken. II II
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07

From Flanders TO scissors the
British, French ;.n.! American forces
are keeping vi ;thout cessation
their strong offensive tactics against
the Germans, VINO ali along the bat
tie front are still giving ground, al
though at certain points not without
strong resistance. Seemingly it is the
full realization o. the peril he is in
now that is prompting the enemy to
put forth his every effort to avert
complete disaster.
additional areas OF territory which
long had been held by the enemy
have been restored; many thousands
of Germans have been sent behind
the lines to swell tee great throng al
ready there in prison camps and
many Of the enemy's dead lying up
on the battlefield testify to his heavy
casualties.
Retreating columns of the Germans
have been cut to pieces by the Brit
ish artillery from captured vantage
points before which the enemy was
compelled to pass unsheltered from
the fire Of the British gunners. From
the region around Arras southwark
to Peronne the British line has NOV
e(. forward everywhere since the ia
nous Drocourt- Queant defense line
was overwhelmed and left in the
rear. Eastward Of the Drocourt line
the British are nearing the Canal du
Ncrd and Douai, Valenciennes and
Cambria have been further encroach-
cd upon by English, Canadian and
Australian troops. East Of Peronne
the British line has been steadily
pushed forward. Numerous towns
and villages have. fallen into the
hands Of Field Marshal Haig's men,
notab BILE among them Queant, at the
southern end of th. Drocouit- Queant
line.
To the south the French along the
Canal din Nord are giving the enemy
no rest and gradually are blotting
cut the remaining portion of the sa-
lient north of Noyon while on the
Scissors sector the French and Amer
leans now are in control of the en-
tire plateau dominating the Aisne,
the Cherain- des- Danes and the roads
to Laon and La, Fere.l lESgza.
In Flanders the British have pene-
Effrayea he autsk fass
france and farther north II the vs.
salient have taken Richie bourg-Sts
vaast and established themselves on
he line of the La Basse road and be-
tween there and Estaires, having
ca captured the last named place. Steen-
werck and Wulvergbem also are in
British hands and thus the great
salient is virtually wiped out.
Unofticial dispatches say that in
the region east and southeast Of Ar
ras the Germans are retiring to a new
switch line running from Brebieres,
five miles southeast Of Drocourt,
southwark to Moeuvres. where 1t
Joins the Findenburg line near Gra-
court If this should prove true the
new line already seems menaced as
Field Marshal Haig's men virtually
are upon it at LeCluse and Rumau-
court southeast Of Arras. and almost
abreast OF it at Barralle, three miles
north OF Mouevres.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
WILSON COMMITTEES SENTENCES

Negro Soldiers Convicted Of Par
ticipation in Houston Riots Secure
Executive Clemency.
Washington, Sept. 4.-Death SEN
tences of ten negro soldiers who par
ticipated in the riot at Houston, Tex
as, August %, 1917, have been cona-
muted to life Imprisonment by Presi-
dent Wilson.
In six other cases the president
affirmed the death sentences because
the condemned men had been found
guilty of having deliberately and with
great cruelty murdered civilians.
This action, announced today by
the war department, concluded the
cases Of 80 negroes gwen the death
penalty for their part in the riot.
Thirteen were executed and the pres
idcntswas called upon TO review the
findings in 16 cases.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
GERMANS ADMIT RETREAT.
War Office Announces Retreat Under
Allied Pressure From Flanders and
Roye Salients.

Berlin. Sept 5-Retween Ypres
and LaPassee in the Lys salient the
British yesterday pressed forward
against the new German lines, the
war office announced Between th"
Somme and the Disc, tho statement
adds. the Germans continued their
movement out of the region Of Rove
The rear guards which the Germans
left behind to retard tho French. fol
lowed the main body OF the Germans
closely.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07

Senator Sherman as this alleged, un-
elected, unofficial assistant president
e Secretary Baker vas referred to as
s"cne who thinks Of the war as 5000
miles away, talks glibly Of quantity
production of combat airplanes. de-
lays the draft law amendment OF
1918 three months, opposes universal
training and says Washington's sol
diers 1T Valley Forge We're drunkards
and chicken thieves, only to be de-
clared by executive proclamation to
be the most capable official that dis
tinguished functiona!y ever knew"
Regarding Secretary Redfleld, Sen
ator Sherman said he had made
some sparkling contributions to
trade, including the shocking infor-
nation that the high cost Of living
was caused by too many delivery
wagons. an epic on FISH and clans
along with q sonnet cr two on sheep
killing dogs"
Former Secretary Bryan. the sen
ator declared, resigned when he had
PLAYED second fidCle long enough
and his power for harm had waned y
Declaring the administration seeks
even to dictate TO Republican candi-
dates il Republican States. the SEN
ator said Ford is to be made senator
from Michigan ny executive order
Sena-or Sherman denounced what
he described as sooialistic plans OF
"a coterie Of politicians gilded and
plated by group of theorizing, in
tolerant intellectuals."
When Senator Sherman began to
speak, practically all the Democratic
mem bcrs left their seats and went to
the cloak rooms. Most of the Re-
publicans paid close attention to the
speech.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1918-09-07
Mc.Adoo Stops Ga1'nishceing.

Washington. Sept :..-The garni,
sheeinS OF railroad employees wages
was forbidden toGl: by Director Gen
eral McAdoo as 4 nieans OF e'iminat
ing mucl LEGAL work heretofore
necessary AZ the saple time it va,
made plain that employees who d,
not pay their bills will be dismissed.