davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
TRAPS ARE GOOD
RAT DESTROYERS
Most Reliable for General Use Is
inexpensive Snap or Gull
loune Device.
AVOID SHEET METAL BASES
They May Be Placed In Great Variety
Of Favorable Places Around Farm
Small Breeds Of Dogs Arc
Most Valuable.

F'rom the United States Department of
Agriculture.)
No opportunity to kill rats should be
neglected on the farm. Traps, dogs,
cats, and poisons may be useful. The
first need Is traps and knowledge Of
how to use them. The most reliable
traps for general use are the inexpen-
sive snap, or guillotine, traps. Many
efficient kinds are on the market, but
the cheaper ones are rarely to be rec
commended for durability. Those that
have sheet-metal bases are not desir-
able, as rats fear and avoid them. Snap
traps should be set so that they will
spring at slight touch. They may
be placed In rat runs, at rat burrows,
behind boards leaned against the wall,
and In great variety Of other favor
able places. Dry oatmeal (rolled oats)
Is recommended as bait for both rats
and mice. Place few grains on the
trigger pan or under the trigger wire,
with few grains near the trap.
Useful Wire Cage Trap.
The wire-cage trap, If substantially
made, Is useful on the farm. Coarse
BAIT Is required, and may be hung from
the top of the trap by light wire. Set
he trap on floor or on board, lay
short board on top, and cover the
whole with an old cloth or gunny sack,
eaving only the trap entrance uncov-
cred. The trap may be baited and left
open for a night or two until rats learn
to feed inside, after which a good
catch may be expected. An excellent
plan for using the cage trap Is to bore
1 hole two or three inches In diameter
1T proper height In the door of gran.
airy or feed room. The hole may be
covered with metal slide when the
trap is not in use. Set the trap in
side the granary with its entrance
Fitted to the hole and cover and bait
In the usual manner; any rat entering
the granary Is caught. The same plan
Is applicable to rat holes in other stu
atoms, and 1t has been used effectively
between connecting rooms Of cold stor-
age warehouses.
The small breeds of dogs, especial
ly terriers, are valuable as rat killers
or the farm. They are easily trained
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
POULTRY KEEPER
MUST SAVE FEED
Economy and Efficiency Are Key
notes of Profitable Produc-
ton of Chickens.
Gull FLOCK While GROWING
SkiIlful Use of Stock Supplemented
by Efficient Management Means
More Meat and Eggs-TabIe
Of Standard Weights.

In wartime economy and efficiency
are the keynotes of poultry produc-
ton. The poultry keeper must save
feed and at the same time increase
poultry production. 1t Is not the high
cost Of feed alone, since America en-
tered the war, that has led to more
careful attention to the routine work
of keeping poultry and to greater pro-
duction and skill in feeding. The
saving of money has been an incentive,
but above and beyond that every poul-
try keeper realizes that getting better
production from less feed is doing
double duty in conservation and pro
ductiOn.
The first result Of the wartime con-
ditions was to emphasize afresh and
more effectively than ever the bene-
fits of graded selection Of breeding
stock and severe culling of the young
stock while growing. When this Is
practiced together with good poultry
management the feed bill is reduced
but the production of eggs is main
tanned and even increased in some
cases.
Table List of well-Known Breeds
Grouped According to General Type.
With Standard Weights.
Weights In Pounds.
Breed. Cock. Cooke Hen. Pullet.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08

commonly supposed to be the charac-
teristics Of egg type. Large size and
an indolent temperament are supposed
to be characteristics of the meat type,
and medium size without either
marked energy or great Incidence are
supposed to be the characteristics OF
the mediocre dual-purpose type. While
this, in q general way, Is true, there
are exceptions. as can be noted In tho
accompanying tables. These tables
show that egg production and meat
production are not entirely u simple
matter of size, weight and tempera-
ment. Table No. is list Of we'll
known standard breeds grouped ac-
cording to their general type. Table
No. 2 is list of the same breeds ar
ranged In the order of their weight.
beginning with the smallest.
There is wide range of Individual
differences among the standard breeds.
some strains of particular breed
being better suited for egg production
than meat, and vice versa.
Good physical development, vitality.
constitutional vigor, n good digestive
system, docility and ruggedness and
stability of function In the reproduc-
tive organs are the distinguishing
characters and traits of dependable
good layers.
The existence Of all these, however,
Is not enough to insure good laying.
There must, of course, be reasonably
good management, even If the keeper
has not special skill. But IL with these
qualities which make for continual lay
ing there exists tendency to put on
fat whenever laying Is interrupted.
only unremitting skillful management
to keep q hen in good laying cOndi-
ton will make her first-class egg
producer.
The egg type or laying type of hen.
in any breed. is the hen that with the
qualities that make for good egg pro-
duction has no quajit, which is an
obstacle to continual laying. The
meat type is not the converse Of the
egg type, even though the hen that
is not good layer is fit only for meat.
Meat Type Grows Rapidly.
hO htot typCt III VI pOuA-
try, Is the type that grows rapidly and
Mt maturity carries abundant flesh,
especially where the preferred parts OF
the meat are produced. The most de-
slrable meat type Is rather fine in
bone, with the frame well knit but
not too compact. Under any kind OF
good management hen of this type
that is in normal condition will be a
good layer. She may not lay any bet
ter than hen not quite so well
feshed, but she ought to lay just as
well, and when the time comes to
make meat of her she makes more and
better meat, and as a breeder she nat
urally tends to reproduce offspring
that will make more and better meat.
Table 2-I.ist OF Breeds in Table Ar
ranged According to Standard Weight.
Egg Type Breeds In Ordinary
Print, Dual Purpose Breeds In
Capitals. Meat Type Breeds
in Heavy Type
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08

and are always available when needed.
Wherever rats are routed from nests
or harbors these dogs are eager for
the fray. When shocked or stacked
grain is moved or thrashed they kill
many rats. Sometimes a barrier, or
fence, Of light boards is placed about
stack, and dogs inside get all the
rodents dislodged. In this way 500 or
900 rats have been destroyed from a
single stack.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08

If the producers of eggs and poultry
for the table are doing their utmost to
increase production of meat and eggs,
the easiest, shortest and surest way is
through general use of the most pro-
ductive types, that Is, by the use on
the part of every poultry keeper of
the most productive types Of his stock.
1t is not meant that there should be
wholesale replacement Of ordinary
stock by stock or strains celebrated
for extreme high production. In some
cases this may be done to advantage
but with the majority Of poultry keep
ers immediate gain In production must
be made by good use of such stock as
they have.
Get Understanding Of Type.
The first step toward the increase OF
poultry products-whether meat or
eggs-through the use of the types best
suited to production. IL to get a cor
rect understanding Of type. Three dis
tinct types are recognized-the egg
type. the meat type and the dual pur-
pose or general purpose type, which Is
commonly considered 40 an inter-
mediate Of the other twJ though In
reality It is the primary type Of which
the others are notifications.
Small sIss and great activity are
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
High Spots In Agriculture.


Notified butter Is due largely to I'M
even distribution of salt.
Operation of gins at rapid speeds
Injuries the fiber of cotton by cutting
1t.
Three C's for caring for milk in the
home: Keep 1t cold, covered and
clean.
Oats watered to make them weigh
more cannot legally be shipped In in
terstate commerce.
A ton of soy beans will yield about
forty gallons of oil useful in various
ways.
One hundred and twenty-five pairs
of birds nest on the average farm In
the Northwest.
Garlic favor can be eliminated by
heating milk to 145 degrees f. and
blowing air through 1t.
/ The sense Of direction In migratory
birds is as marvellous as II Is mystic
rious. The familiar inhabitants Of the
dooryard martin boxes return the next
year. though meanwhile they have
visited Brazil.
The melting point of Southern-made
butter Is higher where cattle are fed
cottonseed products.
Fall blowing. disking and narrowing
help to destroy eggs of grasshopperf
and other insects.
Delicious table strip can be made
from Gull and waste apples by home
methods developed by the United
States department of agriculture.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
VERY IMPORTANT TO
FILL SILO PROPERLY
Cut Corn When Kernels Have
Passed Milk Stage.
Keeping Of sIIaoe Depends Upon Thor.
oushness With Which Il 10 Packed
Fine Fodder 10 Most
Satisfactory.

prepared by the United States Depart
-. ment Of Agricuhure)
Cut corn for silage when the kerr
nels have passed the milk stage and
are beginning to dent. At this pc
Rod the greatest amount Of food ma
terlal can be obtained and the best
Quality of silage made.
The cutter should be adjusted to cut
the corn in short lengths, with three
fourths of an inch as the maximum
length. In general, the finer the fod-
der Is cut the more easily and more
compactly 1t can be packed and, in
consequence. the better the quality of
the silage.
Too much stress cannot be laid upon
the necessity Of thoroughly packing
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
OATS PREFERRED FOR FOWLS
In. Nearly All Parts Of United States
Under Normal Conditions, Corn
Is Cheapest.

Prepcred by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Under normal conditions corn Is, In
nearly all parts of the United States,
the cheapest poultry feed. But pt
times like the present oats are to be
preferred. When corn is worth S1.50
a bushel oats should be IS cents and
barley $1.20 bushei to give the same
value fer the money when fed to poul-
try, as corn.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
CHANGING VARIETY OF WHEAT
Should Be Done Only for Purpose Of
Getting Better Kind for Ger.
tain Localities.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture.)
Changing the kind Of wheat grown
should be done only for the purpose Of
getting a proved better variety. 1t IL
often desirable to do this. provided Il
Is proved beyond question that the
new variety Ii better for that local
ity. So-caIled 'new" varieties, ex-
travagantly advertised at fancy prices.
should be dlsregardsd completely.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
GRAIN GRADE APPEALS

If a farmer or dealer inter-
ested in a lot of wheat or corn
sold by grade in interstate COM
merce questions the grade as
signed, he can take an appeal or
dispute to the secretary Of agri-
culture, who determines the true
grade.
To take an appeal he must no.
tify the federal district super
visor by telegraph, telephone or
mail, in advance of the arrival
of the grain in the market, of his
intention to appeal the inspec-
tors grade; or after the arrival
of the grain, within 4S hours,
after inspection. The name and
address of the nearest federal
supervisor can be secured by
writing the bureau of markets,
department of agriculture, Wash
ington.
A dispute is an appeal on an
interstate shipment of uninspect-
ed grain that moves between
points where no licensed inspec-
tors are located and where the
grade has been determined by
shipper or receiver. The method
IF taking a dispute Is the same
as in the case Of an appeal.
Farmers and dealers can take
up all grain-grading questions
by writing or visiting federal
grain supervision offices in the
terminal markets.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
Cats Destroy Mice.

Cats are useful about farm buildings
mainly because they kill mice. Some
times they hunt and destroy rats but
n cat that will kill an adult rat Is rare.
The chief objection to cats on farm
Is their persistent destruction of song
birds. A good cat is valuable when
her killing propensities can be con-
fined to rodent pests, but the majority
of felines are worthless or actually In.
furious on the farm.
Great caution should always be OBJ
served In the use of poisons, but there
are situations on the farm in which
poisons may be used safely and effec-
lively. In the open fields poisoned
grain may be scattered near rat bur-
.ows. In the poultry yard poisons
nay be exposed for rats inside dark
ened boxes. A small. rather shallow
box containing the bats is set on the
ground with larger box inverted over
II. A hole In the larger box will admit
the rat to the food, while chickens Will
be safe. Strychnine IL the safest pol
son to use where poultry run. because
hens are immune to small quantities
pf this poison. ----------------------.--..
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08

Such hens are in reality Of the dual
purpose type, no matter what their
size or breed. They are e. tally valu-
able for eggs and meat. That IA tho
kind Of stock that will contribute most
to the big Increase in poultry that 10
wanted. 1t Is the dual-purpose type of
every breed--a !. type that exists n
every breed. and can easily be mado
the prevalent type without detriment
to any breed, and to the benefit =
every breed that has suffered hsn
neglect.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1918-11-08
proNt.bIe paIrvInu.

High producing cows are the basis
Of profitable dairying. The most eco
nomical results cannot be obtained
with poor producers
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1918-03-20

SHOULD THIS MONEY BE
SPENT FOR A SCHOOL BUILDING
NOW WHEN THE GOVERNMENT
NEEDS TO SELL BONDS?
This money is State Permanent
School fund money and could not be
used for war purposes directly.
b BY building the building, this
money will enter circulation and so
may be used for war purposes.
SHOULD BUILDING MATERIAL
BE USED FOR SCHOOL BUILDINGS
AT THIS TIME?
a The greatest part Of the material
which would be used in the building
is of such a character that it would
not be used by the Government any
way.
b The Bureau of Education at
Washington urges that schools be
continued as usual.
Government officials say neces-
sary building is permissible.
SHOULD THE TRANSPORT1A-
TION FACILITIES OF THE COUN-
TRY BE USED TO HAUL SUCH MA
TERIAL?
a Most Of this material is now in
the State
b The transportation congestion is
in the East and not here in Mime
sofa.
These would be short hauls and
so would not interfere to any large
extent.
WHAT EFFECT WOULD THIS
HAVE ON LOCAL CONDITIONS?
Much of this money would be
spent locally and so help local bus
mess.
Much of the labor would be done
by local men.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1918-03-20
FARMERS OF four COUNTIES
ARE SUMMONED TO W|LLmAR
Big Farmers Loyalty Meeting to Learn Worlds Food Situation
win Be Held At WIImar Next wednesday.

agricultural problems discussed as
fully as possible at the opening of the
crop season in order that seeding may
be done in way to meet the urgent
needs of the people of the United
States and of their associates in the
present world struggle. The country
faces the gravest crisis in its history,
and that is the reason the government
feels the need of calling such a meet
ing.
The government sends word that it
expects every loyal farmer, every far
mer interested in getting the best pos
sible understanding of the present Sit
uation both from patriotic and from
an economic point of view, and every
one else desirious of aiding the gov
ernment in solving its agricultural
problems, to attend. The meeting at
Willmar will be one of a series to be
held In Minnesota.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1918-03-20
RESULTS OF EXAMS.

All those who took examinations on
Tuesday and Wednesday Of last week
passed with the exception Of Fred Pet
erson Ruh and Ole A. Berg.
LIMITED sERVICE-Elmer Void,
Sumner Amos Peterson, Henry Clay Cut
ter, Arthur Thompson.
TRANSFERRED-Ad Olof Tat
ting. William Joseph Purcell Robert
Luverne Stoneberg. Anthony John Antri-
nopolos.
NO APPEARANCE-He Carlson,
Erik Wickstrom.
EXAMINATIONS PEND1NG+Edwin
r. c. johnson.
Evert Strootman was unable to ap-
pear owing to an operation which he
had undergone at a hospital.
Following are the names Of those who
did not pass, no appearance and trans
fers of boys examined on Thursday and
Friday of last week and Tuesday of this
week.
DID NOT PASs-Samuel B. Krogfus,
J. Melvin Johnson. Peter Halvorson.
Geo. J. Gustafson, Charlie D. Bolles,
Bennie K. Botten, Albert Mikkelson.
LIMITED SERVICE-Roy Edward
King, Carl U. Gustafson, Martin B
Hanson, Arthur Eastman. George Foot
meyer.
ENLIsTED-Howard L. McElhsh, AL
bert r. Lundquist
TRANSFERRED-He A. johnson,
Lionel William Mckinley, Jesse c.
Walls, Earl C. Erickson, Axel F. Carl
son. Elmer Johnson, Carl L. Salverson.
NO APPEARANCE E. Swenson,
Arthur N. Knutson, Edgar Fash, George
H. Ruter, Peter Thibodeau, Stergtos
Checkerdanos, Walter R. Shewmaker,
Harold A. Jensen, Edward A. Jordin.
PENDING-Edwin S. Miller.
EXAMINATION POSTPONED
H. Damerow.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1918-03-20
FARM BUREAUS
NOW ORGANIZED
Executive Board Elect. Rodeseb
a. County Agent to Begin
At Once.

The Kandiyohi County Farm Bureau
Association is now an accomplished
fact with 267 signed up members. Prof.
E. L. Rodegeb. agricultural instructor of
the Willmar Associated Districts, has
been selected county agent He was
released from service in the schools by
the Board Of Education, to take effect
April 1. His first big job will be to
work on the seed corn proposition
The signers for the Farm Bureau met
last Saturday afternoon at the court
house. temporary chairman Chas. Eddy
presiding. Mr.. Jones Of the Extension
Department spoke on the subject of the
organization of farm bureaus. The
Robt. Thompson and Axel T. johnson
a committee on constitution and bylaws
and A. O. Nelson, ]. w. Saxton and John
Kleberg a committee on nominations
The committee on constitution report
ed in favor of the regular form Of or
ganization with some notifications to
suit local conditions, and the report was
adopted.
The nominating committee reported
the following. names of men to fill the
official positions until the close Of the
year in December.
President-Chas. T. Eddy of White
field.
First vice PreS1dent-C. 81. MaSterSOn.
ST. Johns
Second Vice President-Peter Mole
naar, Holland.
Secretary-Treasurer- Swan Nelson,
Whitefield.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS-To repre-
sent County Commissioners, Chas. J.
Swenson; county schools, G. A. Foster;
farm clubs, Axel T. Johnson; Federal
Loan Association, c. o. Bergquist, Kan
diyohi; Live Stock Breeders, Rob't.
Thompson, Willmar; Stock Shipping as
sociations, P. A. Johnson, Svea; co-op-
erative creameries, c. J. Nelson, Kandi-
yohi; cooperative elevators, John Wick
lund. Kandiyohi; crop improvement,
William Ltndquist, Roseland; County
Fair, Peter Burns, Kandiyohi.
The meeting then adjourned and the
Executive Board went into session and
elected Prof. E. L. Rodegeb as county
agent, subject to the approval Of the
Government.
Messrs. Swan Nelson, C. T. Eddy and
others deserve credit for the determined
efforts they made to secure the men,
bership required so that Kandiyohi
county might have the benefit of
county agent in these strenuous times.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1918-03-20

A convention Of the farmers of Kan
diyohi, Meeker, Swift, and Chippewa
counties, to consider the nations war
needs as related to agriculture has
been called to meet at WILLMAR on
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 81.
This convention has been called at
the suggestion of the United States
Department of Agriculture and will be
addressed by A. ]. Glover, editor Of
Hoard's Dairyman, one of the United
States authorities on agricultural
problems, and an able speaker, with
DR.. Carl w. Gay, head of the animal
husbandry department of the Univers-
ity.
The convention will be held at the
Court House in Willmar and will be
called to order promptly at two o.
clock pm.
The wish of the Department of Agri-
culture is to have the governments
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1918-03-20
BOND ELECTION
OCCURS APRIL II
Reasons Urged For Granting Addi-
tional Money Needed For
School Improvement.

The question OF new bond issue for
school building will be submitted to the
voters of the Willmar District on Fri
day evening. April IL, the Board of Edu-
cation decided at a meeting held yester-
day. The following are a few references
20 some questions that will be raised in
regard to the proposed bond issue:
WHY WAS 1T THAT THE BUILD
ING COULD NOT BE LET FOR THE
AMOUNT OF MONEY ON HAND?
The estimates were made before
Christmas in 1916, or nearly one and
half years ago.
b Since then. it is estimated that
~ building material and labor have in
creased in price from 80 to 35 per
cent.
WHY THEN SHOULD WE NOT
WAIT UNTIL CONDITIONS CHANGE
AND PRICES ARE LOWER?
We are badly in need of the
building now.
Nobody can tell when the war
will end.
1t will be several years after the
war is over before we can expect
lower prices.
In the meantime prices will
probably Increase to some extent at
least.
AS soon as the war is over much
building which is now being held up
will be undertaken. This will keep
up prices for a few more years.
Delay has already cost US sew
eral thousand dollars. More delay
threatens more loss
People whose children are in the
library basement are complaining.
h Those whose children must so
there in the future will object more
strenuously
Teachers and parents believe that
the basement conditions are detri-
mental to health.
3 WHY NOT REDRAW THE PLANS
AND MAKE THE BUILDING CON-
FORM TO THE AMOUNT OF MONEY
ON HAND?
The building as now planned al
lowed for but little growth and
should not be smaller
In taking bids, the architects
asked for estimates for many differ
ent kinds of material and for differ
ent ways of building. The most eco
nomical combination was chosen.
New plans would necessitate new
bids. This would give chance for
a rise in prices and bring the letting
of the contract into the busiest sea-
son of the year.
d If the building is to be under
taken, the work must be so far along
before cold weather that the changes
in the heating plant may have been
made.
There is nothing included in the
plans that can we'll be left out. 1t
was the avowed purpose to build ade-
4 quately and permanently. and these
plans are the result of much deliber-
alton and study of the problem.