davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

could not be openly Endorsed, indeed but
1T is manifest that the Socialists inwardly
approved his wish to Dust Wilhelm H.
Their whole attitude toward the Kaiser up
TO the time when the war broke out was
one of more than cold Indifference; he
had treated them as his enemies, and they
reoiprocated his aversion in full measure.
After he had greatly moderated his hatred
OF the Socialists by reason of their sup
port of the war, they seemed to feel more
kindly toward him, and during the last
few years there was little or no criticism
of him by the Socialists Their latent op-
position, however, remained; they were
only awaiting their opportunity.
The breakdown of the great German Of
fcnsives Of this year created a new situa
ton. Only about ten days before Foch
delivered his first telling blow between
the Aisne and the Marine, Ludendorff and
Hindenburg played their last strong trump
against the civil government by forcing
the resignation of Kihlmann The mill
tary authorities at that time excited the
wrath Of the Socialists to the boiling point
by STIMULATING how the newspapers were to
interpret Kuhlmann's famous speech re-
nouncng hope for a military victory.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
Other Kings to
" the Cannezy

The other crowned heads Of Gefins''
have all bowed to the inevitable. Inc A''
of Bavaria even anticipated William I" :
day. On the 9Th he was deposed O' -, -
Diet, which also proclaimed hsP'.'
of Bavaria. After William quit me 0D1
dynasties followed rapidly, some So'',,
rily, others under compulsion, and Oy y
vember 10, when the King Of WurtIens,'
and the grand dukes Of Hesse ano :.
Weimar renowned their thrones, 'os
royal and princely house had been 0's
turned. At the same time Karl, hnie. "a
of Austria, found that, though niie' - =,
unalterable love for his peoples ns ~.
not willing to be a hindrance to inc" s.,
development, and he left his coun"! :.
his country's good. German Austria :. ...,
cordingly waiting to be admitted as .,
into the new German republic w0i'D
Socialists are about to set up -.
Thus the grand dream OF his'e''' 40,
shrinks to proportions that may nav .
justification in race relationship. SUI ~ +,
Mitteleuropa, governed in the spi'" I'D '.
tcrnationaI amity advocated by inc ' sarh
lists, may be able to find friends whO ~s
have remained forever the sworn es ..,is.
of the kaiser's Mitteleuropa ''
from Berlin to Bagdad. :. n
And thus ends what will proosp'' 4. /,
gsrded as tho most momen'ouS ~ h,e
human history. Crowded within '' .s,.,
space came the termination OF 'n' sts
war Of all time. the overthrow OF as, MIDI
that had their birth far back III '"' ard
Ages, and the inauguration OF NV ..o.,,rI
in two of the greatest stafoS y
Europe.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

Mr.. Carnegie's palace at The Hague is
ruled out to start with. Holland is too
close to Germany, and besides the justif
able suspicious attaching to her during the
war, she has just given asylum to Mr..
Hohenzollern. Switzerland is, really, the
only neutral country that could be chosen.
From her position she has been under pres
sure by both sides, while her sympathies
have been chiefly determined by whether
the Gcrman-Swiss or the French Swiss
were uppermost for the moment. The Allies
have only to exercise reasonably fair judg-
mcnt to be favorably and comfortably To-
Gated in Switzerland, and Lucerne would
suggest itself as an ideal choice.
But Bolshcvism is rampant throughout
the world The red flag waves every
where and Switzerland has not escaped.
Dangerous as pressure from one side or
the other might be, if the position were
not that Germany has merely to signify
acquiescence in the terms, \the pressure of
Bolshevism would be still more dangerous.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
Future of the World Depends OH the
Results of the Coming
Negotiations

ward elaborated in long discussions at the
Congress 80 vienna.
The paraiicl between the two cases is
very close. A hundred years ago 1t WAS
not question Of negotiating terms with
France, but of imposing terms Oh her
The is true of Germany day. A
hundred years ago the peace terms Oh the
Coalition had been framed in their broad
outlines at meeting short time before,
when Napoleon had proposed peace in order
to save his throne. The Allies to-day have
tactly adopted the fourteen conditions Of
President Wilson, as modified by his sub
5equent speeches and writings, for the
basis of peace, while Germany and her
allies have specifically accepted them. The
work to be done is, apparently, the cabora-
tlon of these terms at peace conference,
as the Treaty Of Paris was elaborated at
the Congress of Vienna.
One might suppose that the Peace Con-
ference would meet Immediately, with only
the delay necessary to choose the delegates,
and this is what Germany has asked put
ting forward the plea of threatened starva-
ton of her population. But as yet there
has been no definite move among the Allies,
and one is led to believe there may be
considerable delay in convening the CON
gress. 1t would seem from the speech Of
teal supporters that the Peace Conference
must wait on Forthcoming English elections,
which have been set for December II.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
lhe Shades of Theirs and Bismarck the Peace Conference

ahead without waiting for the English peo-
pie to confirm Lloyd Georges mandate. The
internal situation or Germany may make
this necessary.
AS to where the conference will meet:
The probabilities are in favor of Versailles
or Lucernc, and at the present moment
moro in favor of Versailles than Lucerne.
If precedent were followed, a neutral
country would be chosen in order that the
negotiatofs might not be under the imme-
diatc bellicose influence of either bcllie-
erent or group of belligerents. But here,
again, there is the great precedent Of the
Napoleonic wars, when the treaty of peace
was negotiated in Paris, the capital OF
one Of tho bclligerent nations, and elaborated
in Vienna, the capital of another. More
over IN this war there is no neutral coun-
try that has not come moro or less under
the influence of one side or the other and
generally there has been marked prefer
ence IN favor of one side.
Whatever meeting place is chosen must
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

have ample hotel accommodations, for it
is estimated that the total of the delegates
and assistants with their secretaries, clerks,
unofficial advisers, families and camp fol-
lowers will reach more than 5000, while
there are still the sightseers to be reckoned
with. There arc twenty weight belligerent
nations to sit around the peace table, and
there arc few among the ncutrals who have
not an equal interest in many of the prob
lens to be settled at the conference. To be
counted, also, as of almost equal impor-
lance with the actual beligerents are the
peoples who have been promised the right
OF self detcrmination-the Czecho~Slovaks
the Jugo -Slavs, the Poles, the Firms, the
Lithuanians, the Esthonians, and all the
minor countries into which Russia has
been or may be broken up. One cannot
promise them the right to settle their fu-
turc in their own way and exclude them
from the Peace Conference that will be
largely concerned with doing lust that
thing
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
THE President as
u An Onlooker

There is much talk that the Preside
Will cross the ocean for the conferers
but even If he should do so it is not liksi
that he would be working member Of til
conference or would remain for more thu,
brief time. He would probably stay OUR
long enough to impress his views on wis
no considered the most important subject.
to be discussed and leave the burden o.
the work to the delegates ne had chosen
The delegations of the Allies will b.
headed by the premiers of the respective
countries-Lloyd George for England Gle
menceau for France and Orlando for Italy
Prince Lvoff, who has just arrived in thE
country from Russia as the Representative
Of the Omsk government, is expected II
head the Russian delegation. BolsheyiE
representatives will not be admitted
1t is expected that the German delegs
tion will be exclusively Socialist and the
professional diplomats will be discarded
by them. Philip Scheidemann is suggested
as the chief, with Dr. David and HUG
Haase as two of his colleagues 1t is no'
believed probable that Liebnecht will be
included in the German delegation, as b.
"Spartacus" group has again ceased 10 b
important. If d professional diplon'
should be considered advisable as part 6
the German delegation he would probsb'
be Won Kuhlmann or Prince LichnOvsH
with opinion tending toward the former
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

1t is not hopeful.
The league Of nations may pron.
solution. President Wilson is tho We
for. the plan; Lloyd George has sa s,aso'
positively for it. Germany has so Sss's'se
it an escape from the worst cor.o N
of defeat. It is an idea shat No. sA'as'
hold on the imagination of the wo~,s ,NA'n
has aroused at the same time ~. sa'
splendid enthusiasm and the moe. MOS
opposition. On the one hand is wv s4'
of world peace and universal dissr,n '''Vs
and on the other spectacle Of bo, ,.s'A 81
aster and the loss of all individual;sr,n w.
Already the two conceptions have c,..,
violently, but somewhere betwoa, . m
lies workable scheme that will sa,..' O"
two problems of disarmament and g.. 'ue
of the seas. Will the Peace Copfsrs s'.a
find it or will the world 90 on r ~ ="
weary effort to adjust tho balance ~ nan.' WY
1t is assumed that the delevs,o. 8.
this country to the conference will bo s'
President Wilson will appoint them 49,. :.
ing TO his single judgment. Colone, y,
House will be one of them He b.0 /.
the Presidents most intimate fuora ~,
adviser, and has already represented L.
at the two most important meetings - -
Versailles Conference
The colonel himself, . is said h.,
pressed the wish that he shall be IL. -
official adviser of the delegation.
Secretary Lansing will almost cer,..
be member of the delegation. H. h.
had long and varied experience IN d,,,.
matte affairs. and has been at thc>hs,a >,
the State Department during the mast >,
acting period of the war.
Elihu Root will probably go. It would b,
in accord with precedent, and there !, M
man in this country who has had q wasr
experience in public and international ),
fairs.
Justice Brandeis is also talked Of cbeav
because Of his sympathy with advance
thought and the Presidents known friend.
ship for him.
This is as far as opinion has crystalline
on who may be the American delegates n
the Peace Conference. 1t seems, however
that if there is to be u distinctly labor
delegate, Samuel Gompers will be the ma,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
Eorce Did
Il the Work

Under the heavy hammer strokes of
Foch the temper of the German people
changed rapidly. They saw all their hopes
OF victory, of a peace even halfway favor
able to Germany, dashed to the ground.
While the German lines were crumblnc IN
France and Belgium, other developments
at nome were preparing the ground to give
political effect to The military reverses
The food situation had grown more dis
treSsing than ever, and at the same time
the Junkers were doing the suffrage bill
to death in tho Prussian House Of Lords
This latter spectacle was peculiarly en-.
differing to the Socialists and all the lib
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
lens of the Peace Conference Loom on the Horizo
A League of Nations, Disarmament
and Freedom of the Seas Are
the Great Problems

Elementary precaution requires that the
Peace Conference which is to settle the
fortunes of the world for decades, If not
for centuries, shall not deliberate in the
atmosphere of sophomore reformers suffer
ing from acute idealistic dementia Of the
homicidal type.
One can feel fairly confident of the
mental atmosphere at Versailles, even
though Jean Longuet, Philip Snowdcn and
Ramsay Macdonald do their worst; one
has the precedent OF the Treaty Of Paris,
and one has the ample hotel a. ommoda-
tions of Paris near at hand
What will be the most formidable sub
jccts for discussion?
Disarmament.
Freedom of the seas.
The League of Nations.
There will be other subjects vital to the
peace Of the world, but around these three
will revolve the debates that will be the
most acrimonious, if one can use that word
in connection with a peace conference,
and the most likely to divide the conference
into hostile camps. Here will lie the
possibility of Germany separating the Allies
and securing unexpected and undcserved
benefits for herself.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
THE -Long-Delayed
l. Parliamentary Election

The natural term of the English Parlia-
ment ended soon after the war began and
in the ordinary course of events there
would have been many changes in the
House Of Commons in 1915. But on account
Of the war the life of the old Parliament
was prolonged by consent and only bye
elections resulting from the death or resig-
nations of members were held. A conse-
quence of this has been that every time
there has been dissatisfaction with the
course of the government there has been
demand for an appeal to the country and
an election.
This autumn, with Germany we'll on
the road to defeat and the result no longer
in doubt, Lloyd George determined on an
election to be held toward the end of the
year. The very ones who had been so long
and mistakenly demanding an election then
became the most strenuous DIRECTORS. They
said he sought to take advantage of the
popularity victory would naturally bring
him to fasten himself on the country for
another long period.
The Premier, however, is character
istically disregarding the DIRECTORS and is
determined that there shall be no doubt
about his being the choice of the country
to make peace, for he said on November II:
cone Of the principal issues at the forth
coming general election will be the nature
Of the peace settlement. 1t will mean tho
settlement of the world
"The mandate of this government at the
forthcoming election will mean that the
British delegation to the peace conference
will be in favor Of just peace"
There seems to be no mistaking the
meaning of the last sentence. The appoint
ment of the British delegation must wait
on the election. And the registry is
not vet compiled. There are millions Of
women to be enrolled to cast their first
votes, while after the polling the voter
will have to be counted and another two
weeks is estimated for that.
If this Interpretation is correct, the Peace
Conference cannot convene before the first
Of the year at the earliest. One must
hedge. however 1t is always possible that
the other belligcrents may insist on going
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
The Dramatic Collapse OF Germany in Brief ~

selves or Of their speeches in the Reichs-
tag will not subscribe to that Judgment
They tried to prevent the war, but they
failed. Once the war had broken out, they
decided to support it-as war of defence
The party leaders rejected all annexations
proposed by the worshippers of military
power. They sharply criticised many
times the aggressions of the military au-
thorities in the conduct of the censorship
and the general administration of martial
law. At the same time they were pushing
their demand for democratic suffrage in
Prussia.
1t was owing to this Socialist insistence
that the Kaiser finally issued his decree at
Easter, 1917, promising liberal reforms, and
that later, in July, he issued further de-
cree directing the Chancellor to prepare
a bill undermining the anticipated prus-
sian suffrage system
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

be the most formidable subjects
for discussion? Who will be the
delegates?
These are questions that as yet can only
be subjects of speculation, but they arc
oe such wide and general interest that
speculation on them is not only permissible
but almost obligatory. Indeed, there are
few persons who not consciously or
unconsciously indulging in speculation on
them, and if one may judge from the
scraps of conversation one ovcrhcars whcr-
ever men gather together, most of the
speculation is conscious and intentional.
AS to when the conference will assemble:
1t is matter of choice for the Allies.
There is no mention of peace conference
within which the conference must be held.
The only provision that applies to this
matter is the first sentence OF Article 81.
"The duration of the armisticc is to be
thirty days, with option to extend" This
permits the Allies by extending the armis-
tice to set the opening Of the Peace Con-
ference for any date as far in the future
as may suit them. The limitations are
those Of common sense, which will lead to
the earliest possible settling of the affairs
Of the world. There are prccedents both
for and against this way of leaving the
question of the date of the Peace Confer
and Denmark in 1S63-'64 the armistce was
signed on July ~, 1864, and provided that
peace should be signed by September Is.
In the German-Austrian war Of 1866 the
armistice signed July 20 was followed
Prague and peace was signed August %.
More important than either of these is
the Franco-Prussian war of 1S70~T1. In
that war the armisticc signed on January
%, 1871, distinctly provided that peace
negotiations should be opened at Brussels
within a month, thus naming both time
and place. The same method was followed
in the Spanish American war in 1893. That
war virtually ended with the surrender of
General Torral in July. Immediately after
ward Spain made overtures for peace
through the French Ambassador at Wash
ington and the peace protocol was signed
on August II, providing that the Peace
Conference should be opened in Paris not
later than October l.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
WIFI the League
w Be Safe

The world is weary Of existence as an
armed camp. But total disarmament can
not precedc the millennium The cues
ton is how far it can go with safety to
the league Of nations, with safety to the
individual nations, and with due regard
to proper control of Germany And the
question is, also, how far the mlitarists-
for militarism is not dead in any country
of the worldwill allow 1t to go.
Here in America we are already planning
our army for the future on the basis of
universal military training and we are
planning a greatly enlarged rather than a
diminished navy. That does not look as
though our statesmen thought the mil
lennium anywhere near at hand or even
that 1t had been brought appreciabIy nearer
By this war. Boshevik Russia, of course.
declared for immediate disarmament, but
as Immediately began to organize "Red"
army. No other country has so far given
serious consideration to the question In
fact, all the world is in position of very
watchful waiting. 1t may be safely as
sumed that practically every one would
prefer the greatest possible measure Of
disarmament, with the consequent tighten
ANe W INC eAe"ie"oous ouloen or taxation
the world will have to endure for many
years at the best. But there is room for
wide differences Of opinion on how far the
disbanding Of armies may safely 60, and
one may be sure that the varying opinions
will be very forcibly expressed around the
green table.
The freedom of the seas has already been
discussed once in the Allied Conference
at Versailles which settled the terms of
the armistice and such diverging views
developed that it had to be very distinctly
and positively left over for later date.
This means that each side was tenacious
Of its views to the point of rupture and
that no common ground could be found,
that the only possible compromise was a
deferring Of the discussion.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
D adicals Took
AA a Hand

After the brief chancellorship of Mi
chaelis the Socialists helped in taking the
first step toward parliamentary govern
ment. In the first week Of November. 1917.
the government was reconstructed, with
Won Hcrtling as Chancellor. The Socialists
were not yet willing. indeed, to accept
Cabinet positions; but they agreed to
Hertlings appointment and accepted his
proposed policies.
Meanwhile the forces OF reaction had not
been idle. The Junkcrs and their satcl-
litcs were vigorously bcstirring Themselves
TO beat back the rising tide of democracy
and socialism. To counteract the peace
resolution they had organized the Father
land party under the lead Of Won Tirpitz
and by means OF tremendous agitation
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
Socialists
l. Stepped Out

The Socialists answered his rejection
with quick and firm action; they had their
members of the Cabinet resign--a stsp
that was bound to prove fatal to the gov
ernment. While all this was going on the
revolutionary movement was making great
progress The vocabulary Of revolutionary
Russia came into. vogue; there we're Work
mems and Soldiers Councils. and these
quickly took possession of power in the
leading cities. Not only the navy but the
army was deserving the sinking ship of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
By William c. Dreher

"HE hurly-burly of events in Ger
many is astounding. Events of
~ tremendous import have followed
each other with rushing impetus
imperial Germany PROSTATE, the Kaiser de-
throned and the whole Hohenzollern dynas-
ty cast into the limbo Of defunct royalty, a
Socialist editor holding the reins of power
at Berlin and preparing to lay the founda-
tons for democratic republic-surely
there is material enough crowded into one
brief week to keep historians busy for CEN
turtles to come.
But already some of the chief points in
these tremendous developments stand out
clear, and conclusions about them now can
only be confirmed by the Investigations
Of historians, however remote. The first
point is that the Hohenzollern idol was de-
snolished by the battering ram Of social
ism; the second, that the ground on which
the idol stood had already been under
mined by President Wilson's declaration
that no peace treaty signed by Hohen-
zollern would be accepted by the powers
warning against Germany; the third, that
the blows Of Foch shattered the vast mil
itary machine that supported the idol; and
the last, that the armisticc terms signalled
the moment for the batsering ram to de-
liver It's deadly blows
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
4 n Issue to
"A Raise Dangers

1t looks like the opening for the Ger
man wedge. England knows that control
OF the seas is the life spirit of the British
Empire. President Wilson is obstinate
Germany knows that British control OF the
seas killed the German dream of world
domination.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

they aroused and ccmented the old prus-
sian spirit for the forthcoming fight. Thus
the suffrage reform bills were defeated
over and over again. while Hcrtling kept
protesting that he would force them
through at all costs.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

militarism and kaiserism. Finally Will'
had to yield; on the 9th his abdicstion VI
announced. At the same time Prince 10
announced that he had turned over ~
government to Friedrich Ebert, VINO
chairman of the Socialist caucus Of 70
Reich stag.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
CociaIist Pressure
~ Brought Reforms

The~course of the Socialists in this Ger
man revolution must seem surprising to
persons who had come TO regard them as
the subgcryicnt tools Of the Junkers. "
has been the fashion 10 speak Of them as
having sold Themselves 10 the Kaiser Close
observers of the Socialist leaders them.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
By Fred B. Pitncy

WV yHERE and when will the Peace
W. Conference be held? What will
be the most formidable subjects
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

HE hurlyburly of events in Ger
many is astounding. Events of
II tremendous import have followed