davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
Keep the Pullets

The number of eggs that will be pro- duced next winter will depend to large extent upon the care given to the early matched outlets, says Ira G. Shellabarger. poultry extension husbandman at Au- burn. These young bullets should be given the very best of care, so that they may develop into healthy, vigorous stock by fall and begin laying at an early age.
 Coops that the young birds sleep in should be cleaned out regularly and all precautions taken to keep them free 01 lice and mites. Lice and mites are the poultryman's most serious handicap, and they can be entirely overcome if the coops are cleaned regularly and a stand ard disinftctant used occasionally. It is also we'll to dust the fowls occasionally with some insect powder. or grease them on the head and under the wings with Il small amount of lard.
 Even with the high price of poultry at tin time the farmer should not be- tempt- ed to dispose of his early matched pull lets. It would be a good plan, however, to put tine cockerels on the market when they weigh one or more pounds. It IS our patriotic duty. however, to Keep the early matched bullets on the farm to produce as much feed this coming fall as possible Eggs are good substitutes for meat and with good egg supply this fall the farmer can help very materially the meat shortage.
 MT. Shallabarger has recently been ap- pointed by the federal government as poultry husbandman for Alabama, with headquarters at Auburn, and those in terested in poultry can secure bulletins and dairy information by writing to him direct.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
1918 Dairy Congress

The ninth annual dairy cattle congress will be held September 90 to October 6. 1918. This is the great yearly event of tine dairy industry in the middle west ern states
 This section is one of the richest in America from the standpoint of the dairy mar and the dairy cattle congress is the common meeting ground where the eairy farmers. the dairy cattle breeders. the manufacturers of dairy machinery and. i'll fact everyone who is interested in this far-reaching industry, assemble eacn year to Vie with each other along their particular lines, seeking to win or hold their place of favor with the dairy farmers of the middle west.
 The ninth annual show gives every prohise of being like each of it's predeces- previous show in popularity and also as comprehensive exponent of the en- tire industry.
 From the standpoint of the visitor. promise of being like each of it's predecs- sors in the way of surpassing him face to face with the latest achievements along manufacturing lines. It shows him what the manufacturing world offers in the way of labor-saving machinery and
  ing the drudgery out of every phase of farming.
 Tn the second place, the programmes which form most important feature of the cattle congress bring together the best authorities on subjects that are of vital importance to the men who believe in keeping thoroughly posted and up to date in their business. Dairying is business just as much as merchandising or manufacturing It is one of the most important lines of activity in the entire catalog of industries. for it comes most vitally in touch with human life. This has been brought out with decided em- phasis during the recent investigations that have been made along the lines of the foods that are best adapted to the nourishment of the human race.
 These are a few of the reasons why the dairy cattle congress is always an event of extreme significance. and why it is of more importance this year than ever before.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
Oriental Peach Moth

The bureau of entomology Of the United States department of agricul- ture is preparing to make an exhaust i've survey of the oriental peach moth. an insect of destructive feeding hab- its that is believed to have been in troduced into this country during the past six or eight years in shipments of Towering cherries. peaches, etc, from Japan.
 Fruit growers in many states will be asked to watch for the work of this moth, which attacks not only peaches and cherries, but apples, quinces and some other fruits The bureau will concentrate it's inspection work in Vir- Einia, Maryland, West Virginia, Penn sylvania, Delaware. New York, New Jersex and Connecticut, in which states The insect is already present, or its presence is suspected. Meanwhile tscouts' will be working north from Florida in the territory east of the Mississippi as the fruit-ripening sea- son advances. All the work will be In cooperation with state officials.
 The survey is expected to enable he entomologists to make a more in- lelligent and specific attack on the Insect. The undertakings is regarded IS of particular importance at this time, because of the war time need 10 eradicate or control every form of Insect attacking food supplies.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
Experimental Kitchen

An experimental kitchen. where sub stitutea for wheat are being tested. has recently been established and equipped by the office of home economies. In this kitchen some of the good old recipes which were in use 50 and 75 years ago, when corn, buckwheat. rye and barley were in more common use, are being re- yived and standardized. and new recipes in which wheat substitutes play an inn portant part are tested and standardized. A group of women-laboratory special ists and housekeepers with special train ing-work side by side in the new kitch- en. Before a recipe is made public it must, not only pass the test of the lab oratory specialists but must also meet the test of actual experience in the hands of a housekeeper who studies it for it's practical value in the average kitchen.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27

dergarten laws in the various states and may be had on application.
 [ See that only lSindergarteners grad uated from accredited training schools. or those who have proved their ability by their work, are employed
 Among the important meetings to be held in connection with the coming con- vention of the National Education asso- citation at Pittsburg June 20 to July (. Will be that of the department of kin dergarten education. The subject to he presented Is "Americanization a most timely one. and pr. Caroline Hedger who mas spent several years of her life among homes of alien factory workers in this country in her professional capacity. will point out why she considers the kirider- garten vital factor in solving this prob lem.
 She believes the Kindergarten is pow erful factor in the conscientious effort now being made to unify our country
 l. Because the kindergarten gets a very early contact with the foreign family
 2 It gets a very normal contact, con- tact founded on the common interest of mothers and kindergarten workers in the little child.
 g. The kindergarten has ready the ma chinery for very fine "give and take, relationship between old Americans and recent Americans in the mothers meet ing. This meeting needs only to be en- largod and directed to bring about mu- tual understanding, mutual liking and q unified effort for the country we all love, whether native" or .'chosen.''
 Dr. ledger will represent the National Kindergarten association, working in CO., operation with the United States bureau of education, in promoting the estab- lishment of more public school kinder gartens throughout the country. The United States commissioner of education has sent an urgent request to this as- sociation to make a special effort this year for the establishment of kinder gartens in all cities, towns and mining camps, in which there are large num- Der of aliens
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
Spoon Breads and Pones

Most housel1eepers know that in some recipes eggs replace baking powder, and that the lightness of sponge cake depends ott well-beaten eggs, but not every house. Keeper is familiar with cornbreads that are made without baking powder or soda. This is the way that plain cornbread and delicate egg breads are often made in the cornbread belt.
 Only coarse white meal is used in these breads The same results cannot be ob- tafned with bolted white meal or yellow corn meal.
 Don't expect corn bread to look like wheat bread. Spoon breads are soft but now raw; corn pones are hard but not heavy
 Sponge Corn Bread.-One quart milk, 2 cups corn meal, l tablespoon butter, l teaspoon salt, eggs. Bring the milk to boiling point and pour it on the meal add butter and salt and set mixture away over night In the morning beat up and add well-beaten eggs. Pour into well-greased eartehn plates and bake 9 minutes.
 Virginia Batter Bread.-One quart milk, 2 cups corn meal, l tablepsoon butter, teaspoon salt, eggs.
 Batter bread or spoon bread. the name tells the story. It should be soft like pudding and, like a pudding, served with spoon. Bring the milk to the boiling point and pour over the corn meal, mix and allow to cool little, add salt, beaten yolks and butter (butter may be omitted). fold in stiffly beaten whites and bake in pudding dish A5 minutes or in shal- low dish 25 minutes.
 Hot batter bread with plenty of but ter or gravy, bacon and friend tomatoes, is farm breakfast royal i Half and-Half Corn Bread.-One cup corn meal, 1 cup boiled rice, hominy or potatoes, 1 teaspoon salt, tablespoon { fat, 2 eggs, milk.
 Combine rice, meal, salt and butter; i. add slightly beaten yolks and milk enough to make stiff batter; beat we'll; fold { in stiffly beaten whites and turn into a shallow greased pan to make in a quick oven. A cup of cooked hominy grits or mashed potato may be used in- stead of rice. This recipe may be used for mullins or griddle cakes by thinning < with milk.
 Tominy Drop Cakes-Two cups boiled hominy, 1 tablespoon milk, l tablespoon butter or bacon grease, eggs.
 Cook hominy grits and allow to cool but not stiffen. If cold hominy is used, heat over hot water and stir with fork. Add the milk, then beaten yolks and last the whites, beaten stiff. Add more salt if needed Drop by tablespoons on well greased sheets and make in a hot even until brown For baked hom- iny, follow these directions using # cup 5 os milk. Pour ir baking pan and make until brown.
 Corn Pones.--Scald ? cups of milk and pour over 2 cups of corn meal, add l tablespoon of fat and allow to stand over night or from breakfast until din- ner add teaspoon of salt and drop by spoonfuls in a creased biscuit tin and make to rich brown.
 For Dinner-Snap beans, potatoes, sliced tomatoes, corn pones, buttermilk- all now in season.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
Missouri Calf Clubs

Sixty calf clubs have been organized in Missouri. An example of the success from these is seen in the following report of calf club sale in Palmyra:
 "In April. 1917. Ss head of bred regis tered Jersey heifers were distributed in Marion county at an average cost of asi.2i each, or total of $4200 April 2a. 1918, these heifers. numbering 72 with their increase sold for a total of sl0, ,7s0, or an average of $150 each, making a total profit for the boys and girls of S65S0 The cost of feed and care was largely over come by the amount of milk furnished by the original B heifers which sold (with calves) at an average of S327 each
 The profits from this sale by no means represent the benefits derived. Almost every animal offered was in splendid condition. convincing the boy Gin most practical way) that his efforts were worth while, at the same time showing the boy, who had been neglectful. his short- coinings. It starts the boys and girls on their first business venture. paying their notes and leaving enough money to buy and pay for the next heifer. An other club is being organized at Pal myxa."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
NEW KINDERGARTEN WORK

The movement to have a Kindergarten established in every public school, re- gently launched by the United States bu- reau of education and the National Kin dergarten association, is creating coun try-wide attention
 Petitions are being circulated in many cities and towns and 1t is the belief of those conducting the work that this fall Will see large number of new kinder garten classes established. P P Claxton, United States commissioner of education, has always been a strong ad- vocate of the kindergarten. He believes this system of training should be a regular part of every public school sys- tenn in the country He says. Our chil- dren must be guarded as Loyalty as the country itself and the Kindergarten is |. important factor.'
 Vigorous campaigns are now being con ducted in California and Texas. Also in Montana. Pennsylvania, Georgia, Idaho, Ohio Oklahoma, Kansas, New Hamp- shire. Utah, Tennessee and Wisconsin much activity Is being shown by wom- ems organizations. The United States ing suggestions for carrying on a cam pagn:
 FACTS TO FIND OUT
 l. T liiu out tiitit lo d hlnutTSdI ltn in the public school in your district
 2. If there is none, write to the bu- reau of education at Washington or to the National Kindergarten association, 8 West Fortieth street, New York, for pop ular leaflets to distribute among parents in your district whom you wish to in- terest
 8. Ask for a petition blank, have 1t signed by the parents of children of kin garten age In your district and present it to your school board.
 4. Ask for the series of 55 articles on training little children and have them published in your local paper. Their ap- pearance will aid your campaign.
 5. Arrange for public meeting and write for set of Kindergarten lantern slides and motion picture.
 G. Inform yourself as to the legal pro- visions for kindergartens in your state Bulletin, 1916. No. 45, United States bu- reau of education. gives a digest of kin
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
NOW IS THE TIME TO PLAN A GREEN PATCH FOR HENS
Cheese Making in South

Cheese making is transforming many isolated mountainous districts of the southeastern states into prosperous farm ing communities. For many years the remoteness of these districts and the lack of ready communication with the out side world has retarded agricultural de- velopment An interesting story of the rapid development of small cooperative cheese factories which, with the improve ment of cows, appears to point the way to financial and industrial independence. is told in Yearbook Separate 7s7 of the United States department of agricul- ture.
 WHAT ONE FACTORY DID
 The first cooperative factory in this section was put into operation in the spring of 1915 in mountainous section Of North Carolina On June 5 small building only 14 by 16 feet was built and equipped at a cost of only $40O opened for business. Before the end of the year this modest factory returned to it's patrons almost $1500 a net gain of more than $l2o0, because the total income for the sale of butter in the community pre- vious to the establishment of the cheese factory averaged less than $500 About six weeks after it was established an- other factory, built and equipped at a cost of $S15, was started in neighbor- ing community and was conducted with equally good results.
 The first factories were established with difficulty because of lack of interest among the farmers. but after the profits began to roll in 1t was impossible to meet the demand for assistance and no solicitation was needed to induce the people to put up new factories. The first year the factories were opened about 5000 worth of cheese was made and sold In 1916 26 factories were established in North Carolina, Virginia. Tennessee and West Virginia During that year <3o,- 0OO worth of cheese was made in North Carolina alone, and the s4 factories then in operation in the states mentioned, pro duced cheese which sold for more than s125,00o. The cost of operation, says the publication, added to what the farmers would probably have received from the milk if there had been no cheese fac- tories, would amount to about one-fourth of the gross receipts Therefore, three fourths of this amount or little moro than ss0.0o0, was newly created wealth
 FOR BETTER FARMING
 The effect of the increased income from the mountainous farms has brought about Ia higher standard of living. Farm houses have been remodeled; roads inn proved: better farm equipment intro duced and more interest has been taken in educational work of all kinds. Though some high-grade cows have been pur- chased and brought into the section, the greatest progress in dairy improvement is shown by the better care and moro skillful feeding of cows already at hand The introduction of cheese factories. the publication says, is only the first step for ward, but they furnish the financial sup port for the movement which is slowly but certainly bringing prosperity to these southern mountain districts
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
Animal Tuberculosis

Tn April, 2, 492 cattle. were tested for tuberculosis in the tuberculosis -eradica- aon work of the bureau of animal indus ny. This number was S494 more than fVere tested in the preceding month. The tuberculosis control measures are to be tpplied, in cooperation with state au- horities and live stock owners. along alree lines-eradication of tuberculosis rom pure-bred herdss eradication from drcumscribed areas. and eradication from wine. In the beginning efforts are be- ne concentrated on eradication of the iisease from pure-bred herds.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27

By MRS. JOHN c. MOSES
 Hens must have green feed all win ter if they are to pay for their keep in eggs.
 A little forethought and effort win enable most poultry keepers. even in cities, to meet the need without much expense.
 Grow some green feed at home.
 It will save good bit of money next winter.
 The time has arrived when poultry keepers should begin making provision for supply of winter green feeds. While such feeds cor tain only conl- paratively small percentage of actual food nutrients they are important be- cause of their succulence and bulk which tighten the grain ration and as- sist in keeping the birds in good con- dition. By taking thought far enough ahead, many backyard poultry keep CTS even can produce most of the green feed needed and thus avoid a consid erable expense.
 If you have enough ground the double-yard system is advisable for supplying green feed during the grow ing season. By this system, the birds are confined in one of the yards while the other is planted to some quick growing green feed into which the hens are turned when it attains a ~ system not only furnishes green feed for the birds but freshens and purifies the yard. Among the best crops for this purpose are rape, rye, oats and barley. Rye is regarded as particu- larly good because, in most sections it will live through the winter and fur nish an excellent early spring pasture There are various other crops adapted to different sections. The proper sea- son for planting varies according to the locality.
 BEST STORAGE FEEDS
 Of stored feeds. cabbage, mangel wurzeIs clover and alfalfa are the feeds most commonly used during the winter. Cabbage and mangels may be either grown at home or bought in the fall when prices are low and stored in the cellar. Cabbages do not keep as well in ordinary cellars as mangel wurzels, and where both of these feeds are available the cabbages should be fed first. The best method of feeding is to suspend the cabbages in reach of the birds. Mangel wurzels should be split and stuck on nails on the wall or fence.
 Glover and alfalfa may be fed as hay, cut in the lengths of an inch or less, or they may be bought in the form of meal For use as poultry
  be cut while slightly immature This is one of the points that the poultry keeper will need to look to in making provision for supply of winter green feed. Sprouted oats constitute an un- failing source of winter green feed when no other feed is available, but involve more labor and expense in pre- pairing and feeding than the vegetables or hay. They should not be relied upon exclusively. Oats may be sprouted at any time of the year and are there fore a dependable reserve.
 GROWN AT HOME
 Too much emphasis cannot be placed upon the importance of growing some green feeds at home. If there is not enough space in your own lot both to keep the flock and grow a few cab bages, an arrangement might be made with a neighborswho keeps no fowls to allow the use of a bit of ground for late planted cabbages. For use as poultry feed. it is not necessary that
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
HAY CROPS AND PASTURES

Every acre of grain lands not utiI. ized for forage crops should be planted to. some sort of hay crops. Peas, soy beans, peanuts, can follow the oats or wheat in almost all parts of the south. Cowpears may be sown broadcast, soy beans and peanuts drilled in rows so that they may be cultivated.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
Something Different

This recipe Is excellent: Take pint cooked rice, tablespoons milk, table spoons butter, E teaspoon salt, 3 table spoons powdered sugar. 1 eggs ard h lemon rind. Method: Warm rice in a double boiler with enough milk to mol sten it, add butter, seasoning and beaten egg, and cook until egg thickens. Add powdered sugar and the grated lemon rind- Spread mixture on plate. when cool shape into form of nests. dip in dry bread crumps and eggs. Cook in deep- fat, place cube of jelly in each nest and serve This makes good wartime dish, as rice is one of the substitutes Ruth Turpin-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-06-27
SWEET POTATOES

--DrlarS ana weeds can De Clppeu Wtta mowers. and bushes and shrubs should be cut down or grubbed.
 SWEET POTATOES
 Attention should be given to the sweet potato crop this month. In those sections specially adapted to them the crops might be increased with profit. One will be taking no chances on grow ing a good acreage if storage houses are erected. Instructions for building these houses can be secured from your county agent or by writing to the United States department of agricul- ture.
 The Irish potato crop will be ready to harvest in large part of the sou h. Every precaution should be taken to conserve this crop for home consump tion and for later marketing if there is a surplus.
 SEED
 Wherever possible save seed of all farm crops, at least enough for home use. Good seed is always difficult to secure and is generally expensive. Ex- perience has shown that native grown seeds, if properly selected and handled, are preferable. War conditions and transportation facilities may make 1t almost impossible to get what you want next spring.
 BOIL WEEVIL, BOIL WORM
 The cotton farmer should not forget to be on the lookout for boil weeviis, for they will likely appear in suffici- ent numbers in many localities to do great damage. Don't let the idea that they were killed last winter keep you from protecting your crop.
 In those sections where the pink boil worm might appear, county agents and farmers should inform themselves about it sufficiently to know 1t If it should appear. Many other insect pests, capable of doing great damage, are likely to appear. There are reme- dies and people whose business it IS to tell you how to use them. Get in touch with your state entomologist. through the county agent, and save your crops from these useless losses.
 HOME GARDENS
 In the rush of farm work do not neglect the gardens-the early spring vegetables will soon be gone-follow them with others adapted to the sea- son. Begin now to plan for the fall and winter garden--nothing conduces to health and. economy like an abun- dance of vegetables the year round SAVE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
 The canning, preserving and drying season Is on--see that the family sup ply is secured, and, where possible, a surplus should be put up. When the canning or drying Is properly done the product will keep any reasonable length of time if stored in a cool. dry place. Write to the department of agriculture for bulletin on canning.