davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
WORLDS LARGEST STEER SHOW

a senior yearling that was raised without nurse cow. This made Aberdeen Angus grand champions in the IT shows held to date with one Hereford-Angus cross
 Grand champion steer herd of three went to E. P. Hall of Mechanicsburg. Ill., on three krade Aberdeen-Angus steers. one being Black Beauty, the reserve to the grand champion single steer. The victory gave MT. Hall the Illinois centennial medal, as we'll as cash prizes. This calf was pro- nounced by Armor's buyer when he first appeared in the yards at the opening of the show, "the best steer that ever came to the Chicago yards" had a chance at three grand cham pionships. He was reserve for sim gle steer was in three that made up the grand champion herd, and was in Mir. Halls champion Aberdeen Angus load This steer herd victory made the Aberdeen-Angus record for the in ternational 12 out of 15. no such class being provided in the first two shows,
 The third grand championships won by the "Muleys'' was for the boys and girls calf feeding classes, Willett Downey, Aledo. H., finally winning over the best from all Iowa contests. specials and International boys and girls classes with his ck-skinneG steer. His victory won besides the show money. an international trophy. and the gold watch fob of the Amer ican Aberdeen-Angus Breeders asso- citation. This is the first year that a grand championship for boys and girls has been offered.
 The international since it's inaugu- ration in 1900. has offered one of the most interesting and practical classes in the one for fat carcasses. The steers are first judged on foot, then killed and their meat is judged after slaughter This 'bloclS test" receives q great deal of attention in the old country shows. but no other Ameri- can fair or show has it. Here again the Aberdeen Angus scored it's an nual grand championship, winning with a grade. and making the 'Dod- die" grand championship standing for carcasses 16 victories out of IT shows, no other kind having won since the first show, 8 years ago
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
CITY AND FARM COOPERATE

One of the greatest achievements of the farm labor activities conducted by the United States department of agri- culture during the past year in farming sections all over the country where labor was needed, was the establishment or cordial cooperation and sympathetic un' derstanding between farmers and local business men, department specialists state
 As a result of this cooperation crops have been harvested by aid of the busi- ness men from cities and towns in hun dreds of localities where large losses would undoubtedly have resulted from lack of labor. About S5.000 town and city dwellers helped harvest in Kansas, 15 GOO in Nebraska, 20.O00 in Oregon, 10000 in Missouri, 900 in Indiana, 25,O00 in Illinois, and proportionate numbers in practically all other states. The farmer has thus learned that local town and city folks can assist greatly in this emer- Eency work and has come to look with favor upon their cooperation. The eff feet has been to bring farmer and town resident into more cordial relations.
 The results achieved along this line arr especially helpful toward providing the
 harvest labor needed in constantly en-
 larging agriculturaN programme. Too
 much emphasis. it is believed, cannot be
 placed upon the phase of the labor work that has to do with bringing into close cooperation and alignment all the forces which have more or less to do with the labor problem and framing pro- gramme that will eliminate as far a.
 possible the loss due to having an over. supply of labor at certain places and shortage at others. and that will make possible the use of all the local labor l to the fullest extent and thus save trans portation of workers from distant areas
 and necessary loss ot time occasioned ir such travel
 The success In dealing with the farm labor situation during the past year |
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
Plant Food Pointers

Acre yields of central west de- creases, while in the southeast they increase. The reason for the increase fertilizers.
 The ability of the plants to absorb food from the soil varies and depends upon the extent of the root system, upon it's osmotic (absorbing) energy, upon the rapidity with which the plant builds tissue. it's ability to use sunshine and carbon dioxide and pow CT to manufacture compounds in the leaves.
 Crop needs vary. Some are heavy feeders on one element. some on am other
 Heavy feeders of phosphoric acid are cottcn. wheat, peanuts, clover, velvet beans. soy beans. cowpeas, root crops. alfalfa, etc.
 Nitrogen in large proportions is re- quired by such crops as cabbage, cu- cumbers, legumes, grasses. etc.
 Potash greedy plants are such crops as tobacco. Irish potatoes, sweet po- tatces, onions. watermelons, canta- loupes egg plants and tomatoes.
 Some crops are strong feeders and some weak. Among the strong feeders are corn. oats. cabbage. sorghum and legumes. Among the weak feeders are wheat and grasses.
 The part of plant that is most de. sired has to do with determining the kind of fertilizer to use. For instance, if it is a vegetative part like cabbage. or tobacco nitrogen must be promi- nent If it is the fruit that is valueA then phorphoric acid must be promi- nent If it is for products valued for their starch. like potatoes, then potash Is stressed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
Sorghum Area Increased

Grain sorghum area increased from 3,s440O0 acres in 1916, to 5,153,000 in 1917, or more than 30 per cent, while the production increased from 53,S5S,Ooo to 5,S66,000 bushels, or over 40 per cent. This largely increased quantity of grain was consumed through the ordinary chan nels without any undue drop in price. Farmers report excellent results from Dwarf milo and Dawn kafir the varieties bred and distributed by the United States department of agriculture, and the de- mand for seed increases. In parts of Arizona and California Dwarf milo is grown successfully on irrigated land after barley is harvested, thus enabling the grower to produce two grain crops on the same land in one year.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26

Farming Results in Brief

The demand for the official inspection of grain under the United States grain standards act is steadily increasing. There are now 3SO licensed inspectors and 12O inspection points and within the last fiscal year 43S,703 cars of corn and 3S7,344 cars of wheat were graded under the act.
 The extent of citrus canker in Florida, where the citrus industry is of great magnitude, has been greatly reduced, and in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas it is believed that any further seri- ously destructive outbreaks of the dis ease can be prevented. Since the autumn of 1914 the department has co-operated with the gulf states in a campaign to eradicate the canker disease.
 The Texas border quarantine service, which regulates the entry into the United States from Mexico of railway cars and other vehicles freight, express, baggage, and other materials, and their inspection, cleaning, and disinfection, is being con } tinued to prevent the entry into this country of cotton and other parasites and diseases. During the year 2S,257 cars have been inspected and passed for en- trance into this country.
 
 The season of 1918 strikingly illus trated the advantages which the national forest ranges offer to the western live stock industry Throughout the west the ranges outside the forests were gen. orally in bad shape on account of drought conditions. The livestock business is be- coming precarious for owners who are de- pendent upon the open public range; many are closing out, and the number of x% s- I~.s~. 1A other hand, the use of the national forest ranges is increasing and their productiv ity is rising under the system of regua- ton.
 The total area in the southern states freed from cattle-fever tick quarantine up to December, 1918, Is Ss,312 square miles, and the work of the past season will result in the addition of 92l7 square miles additional on December l, making a total of 45S,529 square miles freed, or S3 per cent of the area originally quaran- tined. Tho remainder of the state or Mississippi was liberated last year, open ing a tick-free avenue to the Gulf of Mexico, and the releases of December l will liberate the remainder Of Souta Carolina, thus opening free territory to the Atlantic ocean.
 Enlarged forces and more energetic eff forts have brought further progress in the eradication of the parasitic diseases known as scabies or scab of sheep and cattle. Diseases now finger in only a. few small areas. Greater efforts were put forth in the past year to control a number of of other diseases which operate to reduce livestock production. ,, The food products inspection serwee inauguarated by the government in the fall. of 1917 now has inspectors in S6 or the most important markets in the coun- try. This service has made 1t possible for shippers to receive certificates from disnterested federal representatives as to the condition of their fruit and vege- table shipments upon arrival at large central markets.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
What Ethel Did

 Ethel Lyngberg 15, who lives in Salt Lake count, Utah, will have pinned on her the four-leaf clover medal which is awarded members of boys and girls, clubs who for four consecutive years have done successful work in their clubs In the past season, beside attending high school, Ethel plowed 60 acres. and har- rowed and leveled it for wheat, alfalfa, and beets, and in season helped her father cut hay. She also assisted with irriga- tion in her fathers absence, turning the water on and off alone. She canned $50 quarts of fruits and vegetables and dried many pounds Meanwhile, she was bak- ing the bread for the family. One hun dred chickens grew to maturity during the summer, under her care. In her spare moments. she has knitted socks for sol diers When she finishes high school Ethel plans to attend college where she may study agriculture and home eco monies.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
Wilt-Resistant Cotton

Demonstrations conducted by the United States department of agricul- ture on the control of cotton wilt, which have been in progress for sew eral years, resulted last year in the planting of larger acreage of wilt resistant cotton than ever before with an actual saving greatly in excess of that of any previous year. The great possibilities of this work Is shown by report from two cotton planters in South Carolina who state that their savings last year through growing wilt-resistant cotton was approxi- mately $115,000.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
Hog Sales Days

Tn his annual report for the year ding June 30, J. J. Watson, chief of < e division of marketing of the Ala kma extension service. has given ome figures concerning hog sales days s, Alabama which are tremendously Interesting and significant.
 According to this report during the riod from July, 1917. to May, 1918, ere were sold on sales days from S1 vns in Alabama, or shipped cooper lively, 50,354 hogs. or a total of 51l IF leads. The farmers received for ..Sn 1a47 ,980.87, an average alue~aN$22.5o for each hog.
 By comparing prices on sales days with St. Louis prices on the same Hates, the report shoys that the farm -s received for soft hogs right here IT Alabama only $2;sS per loo less ,al thaii the average price for hard hogs deliv- cred in St, Louis,, whereas, before the establiskment of safe7s days. the price N t. A1abama hogs was from v.A to s6 per 100 below the St. Louis pricsssf E By quoting specific instances the &port compares prices on sales days With prices offered on the same day t3y local buyers and shows that tha prices paid on sales days were at least
 
 been paid if the sales days had not been held.
 The report also estimates that by Compelling local buyers generally to raise their prices in order to hold their trade. the establishment of sales days meant saving of at least per cent Sfn the price of other hogs sold in south Alabama outside of sales days.
 Ten per cent of $1,147,9sO.81 means a euvjnpr eu If AHA 72Q nn m Ia e days The estimated value of the hogs sold outside of sales days was $3,000,- 900. and per cent of this is $15o,- 900. making total of $264.79s, or a little more than a quarter of a mill lion dollars saved to the farmers by hog sales days.
 The sales day is now permanently established in Alabama. It's success has been due to business-lilSe method of handling hogs. which has commanded the active support of the most pro- gressive farmers and the hearty CO., operation of all agricultural agencies, including the newspapers. the business man, the county demonstration agents, and the extension marketing special ists
 This report will soon be off the press and copy of it may be had free ot charge by writing to the extension service. Auburn.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
Working for Better Seed

Realizing the importance of good seed corn as an essential in increas- ing production. and knowing that fall selected seed corn is best, county agents have directed considerable eff fort in seed corn selection and test ing campaigns. Three hundred and fifty-four agents assisted 63,S13 farm CTS last year in the 33 northern and western states in fall selecting seed corn, and more than 100000 acres were planted with fall-selected seed corn resulting from work of the agents during the previous fall As sistance was given to 36.53S farmers in the testing of seed corn, resulting in 946.563 additional acres being plant ed with tested seed The agents con- ducted extension campaigns to encour- age seed corn selection in the fall and seed corn testing in Illinois, In- diana, Iowa. Michigan and Pennsyl- yania
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26

''The last five years" says the annual report of the Secretary of Agriculture , have been especially fruitful of legis-
 lation and of it's practical application Tor
 the betternent of agriculture
 Special provision was made for the solution of problems in behalf Of agri- culture, embracing marketing and rural finance. The bureau of markets, unique of it's kind and excelling in range or ac- tivities and in financial support any oth- CT similar existing Organization. was ere ated and is rendering effective service in a great number of directions. Standards ,, for staple agricultural products were provided for and have been announced and applied under the terms of the cotton futures and grain standards acts. Au- thority to license bonded. warehouses which handle certain agricultural prod ucts was given to the department, and | the indications are that with the return of normal conditions the operations of l the act will result in the better storing of farm products, the stabilization of marketing processes, and the issuance of
 more easily negotiable warehouse re- ceipts.
 EXTENSION SERVICE
 "The agricultural extension machinery, the greatest educational system ever de-
 vised for men and women engaged in their daily tasks, had very large and striking development The federal aid l road act, approved shortly before this country entered the war. resulted in leg l islation for more satisfactory central highway agencies in many states and the 1 systematic planning of good road systems | throughout the union. Today each state
 has a highway authority, with the requi-
 site power and with adequate funds to
 meet the requirements of the federal
 measure.
 | "The federal reserve act, which has
 benefited every citizen through it's in 1 fluence on banking throughout the union.
 included provisions especially designed to assist the farming population. It au- l thorized national banks to lend money
 on farm mortgages and recognized the pe-
 culiar needs of the farmer by giving his
 paper maturity period of six months
 PROMISE IN FARM LOAN ACT
 This was followed by the federal farm loan act. which created banking sys- l tenn reaching intimately into the rural | districts and operating on terms suitel | to the farm owners needs. This system began operations under the troubled con- ditions of the world war, and it's activi- 1 ties were impeded by the vast changes | incident to the entry of this country into | the conflict But, in spite of these diff way. and there is little doubt that. after
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
Unusual Merit

The most enjoyable thing to a lover of tobacco Is a good, rich, ripe, mel 'ioy chew or smoke. The Gaulden To- hacco co. of Dukedom, Tenn. will mal you absolutely free sample of Honest Homegrown. Homespun leaf tobacco for you to test for yourself the delicious flavor and fragrant aroma Of this excellent tobacco If you do not want to wait for sample send $1 for a trial 2-lb. package, either chew ing or smoking. strong or mild. This company guarantees satisfaction and you take no risk by ordering.-Adv.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
LEGAL NOTICES

Notice Application will be made to the governor and pardoning board for the restora : tion of citizenship of Percy L. Meadow. A. P. Meadow.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26

The amount of plant food a crop re- moves from the soil affords no con elusive data as to the kind and amount of fertilizer to apply because Iants vary as to their feeding ability nd soils vary as to their plant food ontent.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
FEED BEEF SCRAP
NEW LAWS BENEFIT FARMERS

ficulties, it has made remarkable head the return of peace, it's development will be rapid and will more than fill the ex- pectations of the people,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26

Japanese experts are prospecting the oil fields of the Island of Taiwan in the hope of obtaining supply of fuel oil for that nations navy.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26

1 upon community organizations of farm ers These are increasing rapidly and
 involve the work among men, women
 and children. The tendency and general policy of the work in most of the south
 ern states is gradually to form central | county organizations, composed of rep resentatives of the community organiza- 1 tions, to deal, in cooperation with the county agents, with such problems as are
 county wide in their nature.
 FARM BUREAUS IN NORTH | In the northern and western states the
 county organization is usually known
 as farm bureau The farm bureau is a lnonpartsan, nonsectarian, nonsecret or ganization representing the whole farm l ing population of a county, men and
 women alike, and acting as a clearing house for every other association inter ested in work with rural people. Its pri-
 mary purposes are:
 1 CD To bring to the agent the counsel
 and advice of the best farmers in the county as to what ought to be done and l how to do it.
 I @ To provide an organization for easily and quickly reaching every community 1 in the county with information of value l to that community or to the county as 1 a whole.
 ] (3) To provide a plan for organized self help, enlsting the cooperation of all farmers interested in carrying out a county agricultural programme of work. | Membership is open to all residents of l the county directly interested in agri- | culture men and women alike. small membership fee Casually SD is charged. While the original conception of the i farm bureau was as an aid to county agent work, it was quickly realized that it has broader field and now it is com | ing to be recognized as the official agri- cultural body interested in promoting all that pertains to a better and more pros- porous rural life.
 Farmers interestd in organizing county | central bodies to work for better agri- culture may obtain plans and other in- l formation from the state extension di- rector at the state agricultural college or from the states relations service
 United States department of agriculture.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
T R F A T MENT. II gives quick relief. Swelling and short breath Snnn Unno
DROPSY

All distressing symptoms rapidly dis General Improvement Is realized. | send by mail q trial treatment absolutely FREE. Try 1t. Never heard of anything It's equal for dropsy.
 Write to DIR, THOMAS F. GREEN aank Rldg. Rex 2o. ChstswortAs Oa.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26

thought to justify confidence in meeting any situation that may develop in 1919.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26

One of the points of strength in America's agricultural organization has been found during the war to be cen- tral organizations of farmers to plan and develop the best methods of farming fof their region. That these organizations are to be of even greater usefulness in the era of peace is indicated in recent statement addressed by the Secretary or Agriculture to the farmers and agricul- tural forces of the United States.
 As one thing that seems clear, the Sec retary noted the need of perfecting the organization of agricultural agencies for the purpose of inteligently executing such a programme as may seem wise.
 ''We should not only have the best possible organization and cooperation of the department of agriculture. the agricultural colleges, the state depart ments of agriculture and farmers asso- citations" said the secretary, but we should especially strengthen the local bu- reaus and other organizations which sup port so effectively the extension forces and assist them in their activities. The perfecting of this organization is highly desirable, not only durng the continu- ance of the present abnormal conditions, but also for the future. The local, as well as the state and federal agencies, are of supreme importance to the nation in all it's activities designed to make rural life more profitable, healthful and at tractive, and, therefore, to secure ade- quate economic production, efficient dis +,;l,,tio,, and pacacSar rv cnpSerVa tiOn. .''
The Birmingham age-herald., 1918-12-26
SuPPORTING COUNTY AGENT

The county organizations, known as county councils, county bureaus or ag- riculture, or farm bureaus, often em- ploy county and a home demonstra- ton agent and aid them in their work They usually are composed of farmers and others in the country interested in agriculture. As part of the organiza- tion there are local groups or commit tees to aid tho agent in different com munities of his county.
 At present there are more than 100000 farmers who are members or organizations assisting the county agent in his work.
 In the south special emphasis is lalel
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-12-28
RULES OF CONDUCT FOR
GERMANS ARE ISSUED
Inhabitans of the Occupied
Territory Required
to Register.
RY WEBB AIILLTR.

CCnited Press Staf Correspondent
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY OF
OCCUPATION. Dec. 2S.-Regulations
for controlling the conduct and activ-
ities OF Germans within the zone oe-
oupied by American forces were pro-
mulgated by General Pershing today.
These regulations, provide that every
inhabitant OF tweke years or more
must register. Every house must bear
a placard on the outside giving the
number OF persons living there Per-
mission for any assemblage is neces-
sary.
Communication lines are controlled
by censorship. Periodicals may be
printed but are held subject to control
By the American commander and viii
be suppressed II they publish any mat
ter injurious 70 the Americans The
sale of alcohol IS restricted to beer
and vino to be sold within certain
hours Travel within the zone Of oc-
cupation will be controlled.
The rules provide that anyone ar
rested for violation Of orders will be
tried by a military court which will
have the power TO provide punishment