davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14
he protection Of the War Labor

the protection Of the War Labor
Board or that of similar agencies
adopting it's policies. For instance,
just before the Presidents decision
was announced some of the ma
chinists in war industries in Bridge
port, Conn.,, called strike, but Of
fered to submit their case unre-
servedly to the board and abide by
it's decision, whatever it might be.
They asked the employers to agree.
Within two days after the Presi-
dents action the employers did SO
agree, and not only those directly
concerned, but all engaged in similar
work in the city. The decision of
the board abolished the black list and
ordered the Unemployment of work.
men discharged for union activity.
About the same time there &C.
Cured trouble in some of the New
England textile towns. In Lowell
the men, through their national pres
ident, offered to submit their case
to Henry B. Endlcott, of the State
Committee Of Public Safety. The
employers agreed, and an award
was returned in conformity with the
national board principles, including
a Is per cent raise. A similar strike
was likewise settled in the textile
mills of Manchester, N. H. In
Lawrence Mr.. Endicott granted a
fiat so per cent raise in wages and
at the same time abolished the bonus
system, which the men regarded as
a weapon against collective bargain
ing. Recently the Emergency Fleet
Corporation adopted the board poll
cies to govern it's relations with it's
employees, numbering $4,000 men.
The process is likely to be accelera-
ted rather than retarded in the
future.
The tactics Of the board and of all
similar agencies in such cases have
generally s~an 20 graft tho full do
mands of the men IN return for the
desired promise not to threaten
strike again during the war Though
the right to appeal for a raise in
wages to meet an increased cost of
living is reserved to them). In
Lowell, Mass, the men asked for q
Is per cent increase. The employers
granted 10 per cent, and in some
cases 121s per cent promptly But
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14

of New York, and another the
Brooklyn Rapid Transit system.
AS it happened, the legality of
this ruling, made last month, was
sustained in court at almost the
same time On July 3, Judge James
B. Newman, in the Chancery Court
of Nashville, Tenn, set aside an in
junction granted the Nashville Rail-
way and Light Company enjoining
representatives of organized labor
from inducing any Of its employees
to become members of labor unions
in violation of their contracts with
the railway company.
Any such contracts, the court held,
are void, since they conflict with
President Wilson's proclamation of
April 8. establishing the War Labor
Board. Though this ruling might
be contested in the higher courts,
such a move would be most unpopu-
lar at the present time, and is hardly
probable.
Thus the three weapons which or
gained labor has in the past most
feared have gone to the junk heap
through the action of the executive
department of the Federal govern
ment.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14

the increase Of wages In conformity
with this principle, but few persons
seriously anticipate the former con-
tingency SO long as the war lasts.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14
I ransit Systems
May Be Next
America s Bargain With Labor

or dmahua hewar
til Of form rI nunms
hhe have in ntfugam
Or ;he NiduL which
N
INC dpym
Rcorhno fHe basic
m dto
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14

t11c lIlCHcdSc VI wages III COII OIHllLy
with this principle, but few persons
seriously anticipate the former con-
tingency SO long as the war lasts.
Board May Make
Unions Mandatory
Perhaps the most surprising of all
the boards actions is that which
makes it in effect an agency for the
actual organization of unions where
none existed before. Far from dis
couraging the formation of unions.
it has made their formation almost
mandatory. In the decision on the
General Electric case, before men
toned, the board announced on July
/ that it's staff will devise a sys-
tenn of elections by which workers
may choose committees to represent
them in dealing with the employing
firm. Up to this time the company
has not recognized either committees
or individuals representing groups
OF the workers"
In other words, the board insists
that in each industry over which its
jurisdiction has been acknowledged
the workers shall take on some sort
of corporate existence.
There is, Of course, no compulsion
to make the men call themselves
labor union or to affiliate with ma
tional unions, but there is an abso-
lutte guarantee that they shall be
free to do so if they like, and shall
be recognized by their employers in
any legal corporate form which they
choose to assume. Further, such
local association cannot be made into
company union" patronized and
controlled by the employer, against
the employees will. This point is
one of the several which were clear
ly established in the Western Union
case.
In short, it is now evident that the
United States government consid-
ers labor unions essential to the
winning Of the war-the more the
better. The reason is not difficult
to find. What the govl cnment seeks
above all else is the assurance, the
binding promise, that there will be
no more strikes during the war. To
draw up ten or twenty million idi-
vidusl promises would be, to say the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14

everything they can to win the war.
We don't want to make trouble.
We have the power, for we could
tie up the whole country with
single telegram. But we are using
that power for the good Of the
nation.
owe have minor disputes pend
ing with the War Labor Board, but
we aren't worrying about them.
And there are trouble areas still.
especially among the mines of the
Rocky Mountain states and the
metal mines of Minnesota. But we
are inclined to think these troubles
will straighten themselves out"
Mr.. Lords statement, like Mr..
Green's, is guarded. The "soft ped
al" is an official policy with organized
labor just now. Colorado and Mime
sofa are very sore spots to organized
labor, and in ordinary times would
be the objects of extremely aggres-
sive action on the part of the unions.
But it is believed the labor leaders
expect the War Labor Board to get
on the job soon in these localities,
and in The meantime are avoiding
which might look like a
chip on the shoulder.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14
Safeguarding Unions
Now Public Policy

But the right to extend existing
organizations brought on some
sharp contests. Such was the dis
pute Of the ST. Paul and Minneapo-
lis street railway employees over the
wearing of union buttons, dis
pute decided adversely to the men
by the Minnesota Public Safety
Commission, but now under the
boards jurisdiction, with prospects
of a reversal And such, too, was
the critical "Western Union case"
which threatened the existence of
the board until President Wilson
came to its support.
But once the board had recog-
nized the fright to organize" (and
not, as some supposed, merely the
right to maintain existing organiza-
tions) it came face to face with the
various expedients which employers
have adopted for crushing uuionism
or preventing its growth. These,
with such authority as it had, the
board declared outlaw.
First, it ruled against the dis
charging of men for union member
ship in the Western Union case,
Mr. Taft stating the point clearly
when he said, II do not think our
policies include the closed non-union
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14

the union leaders wanted not 80
much an increase as the award Of an
official agency acting under board
policies. They received their Is per
cent, and likewise, by implication, all
the privileges accorded by the board.
They freely and gladly surrendered
their right to any subsequent strike
during the war.
Thus one industry after another
is being brought into the general
contract against strikes. Once given
all they ask, the men can be readily
pledged.
The results are cumulative.
Stringent anti-strike agreements are
becoming fashionable. This would
have been impossible except for the
boards liberal policies toward labor.
Little Trouble
On the Horizon
A review Of the general labor sit
uation and Of the opinions Of the
leaders shows that much of the
country is already in line, and that
most Of the trouble still on the hori-
zon is rather dissolving than crys-
tallizing. The textile industry, &C
cording to the testimony of John
Golden, national president Of the
Textile Union, is quiet since the re-
cent awards in New England.
eve shall, Of course, continue to
organize the industry as we have
done in the past" said Mr.. Golden.
"But we believe that any disputes
which arise can be settled without
resort to a strike, according to the
precedent Of the New England
awards. There is no open anti
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14

union policy among the employers
and we do not expect to be hampered
in organization"
incidentally, Mr.. Golden betrayed
the attitude Of many union leaders
toward government or state media
ton in recounting the Lowell story.
when offered to leave the whole
matter to official mediation" he said
they applauded me, as though I had
made some great concession"
Labor nowadays makes no conces-
sion when it submits it's case to
board policies. But many persons
are not SO conscious of this fact as
the labor men themselves.
AS 1t Affects
Coal Miners
The coal mining industry, which
in many parts of the country is
thoroughly organized, is solidly
bound to the government policies
and no serious trouble need be ex-
pected. William Green, president
Of the United Mine Workers of
America, states:
"By agreement with Secretary
Of Labor Wilson and DR.. Garfield
all labor grievances arising at the
coal mines are referred to the fuel
administration for final settlement.
BY this plan labor disputes are net
handled by the War Labor Board.
Mine employees are accorded the
right to organize. They will be
taken in as members of our organi-
cation when they ask for adrnis-
sion."
In this guarded statement it is
clearly implied that, though organi-
cation will go steadily on, the unions
will not push their campaign in such
a way as to threaten disputes. Never
theless unionization in the coal mines
may be expected at an accelerated
rate.
The testimony of James Lord,
president of the Mining Department
of the American Federation of La
Dor, is to the same effect. He said:
Our men will continue to do
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14
immediate Formation of Unions in All Biz Industries EIGHT
t1our Lay and Minimum Wage Practically Conceded
Machinery of War Labor Board With Presidents Power,
Behind It, Working to Eliminate the Few Trouble Snos
snop' ruling Immediately sus-
aimed by President Wilson.

Shop ruling Immediately sus-
fained by President Wilson.
AGAIN, it ruled against any
oiack list" system in the case Of the
Bridgeport Essential industries. ("
following a similar ruling by the
United States Shipping Board in the
case OF the Great Lakes seamen. At
Bridgeport it ordered that men dis
charged for union membership be
taken back, and the ruling was &C.
copied by the employers.
Finally, the individual contract"
which has in the past proved one of
the most effective weapons against
unionism, was declared void in the
case Of the General Electric Works
at Pittsfield, Mass. The board ruled
that such of the contracts as are
now in existence be eliminated and
that the company be directed to
make none in the future" And the
board added, with what would seem
to be a menacing gesture, sIndi-
vidual contracts prevail in a large
number of industrial establishments
in the country"
Transit Systems
May Be Next
Such "industrial establishments. :"
one gathers, are next in line for the
boards ministrations. One of them.
it is interesting to note, is the In
terborough Rapid Transit Company
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14

were handled in ever larger patches,
and passed up to ever higher tribu-
nails, until they reached a wholesale
status and rested, for all practical
purposes, in the hands of the Presi-
dent himself. There is evidence.
too, that this evo luton was not the
result of chance, or even of inexor-
able economic necessity, but of a
far-fiung plan, carefully drawn up
in the White House itself and pa
tiently executed.
The National War Labor Board,
as is we'll known, entered upon it's
duties early last April, to mediate
in industrial disputes to the end
that there should be no strikes or
lockouts during the war" Before
it set UP shop it made up it's mind
what the price" would have to be,
based not only upon abstract justice
and generally accepted principles,
but also Gas is inevitable in practi-
cal affairs) upon the potential
power of the parties concerned. The
power of labor, it seems to have
concluded, would prove very great
If brought to an open test (Which
was exactly what the board sought
to avoid). Accordingly, on one or
the other of the premises, labor re-
ceived most Of the advantage in the
preliminary statement of principles.
1.-THE right of the workers."
said the board, "to organize in
trade unions and to bargain COL
lectively through chosen repre-
sentatives is recognized and af-
6rmed. This right shall not be
denied, abridged or interfered
with by the employer. in any man.
ner whatsoever"
Further, union standards of
wages, hours and conditions, as we'll
as all legal safeguards and regula-
tions for the protection Of the work
ers' health and safety, were to be
maintained as they stood. BY the
time the board had come into exist
ence the preservation both of union
standards and of legal safeguards
had become virtually public policy.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-07-14
Building Trades
Bound to Peace


ing to the testimony of the leaders,
no trouble need be feared so long
as the war lasts. "Most of our
unions which are working directly
or indirectly for the government"
said William J. Spencer, president of
the Building Trades Department of
American Federation of Labor, "are
working under agreements which
bind them not to strike. The con-
dltlons are satisfactory to us. Any
disputes which arise will be settled
by the local committee, or by the
proper boards in the various gov
eminent departments"
The comparative calm in the
building trades unions is partly TO
De explained by the agreement, the
first of its kind, entered into with
the carpenters on the cantonments,
through the Labor Adjustment
Board Of the War Department, at
the very beginning of the war. The
generosity and promptness of the
award to the men created a certain
confidence at the very beginning.
The garment trades are in gen.
eral very well unionized, and are
new for the most part working un-
der satisfactory agreements. This
condition again flows from the
strenuous efforts made early in the
war by the government to abolish
sweatshop conditions in the making
of uniforms. In New York de-
mand for an increase made by the
locals of the international Ladies'
Garment Workers was promptly
granted, less than ten days ago, at
q few quiet conferences.
Ready to Attack
in Cleveland
One trouble spot appears on the
horizon in this industry, however.
That is Cleveland, where the strong
garment workers union was COM
pletely broken some six or seven
years ago. The Ladies Garment
Workers Union, being of an ag
gressive disposition, expects to at
tack Cleveland strongly in the
next few weeks, following the tao
tics Of the men in the Western
Union case, in order to restore
l'.-ionism there. But here again
the trouble may very possibly be an.
riclpated by the War Labor Board.
OF an adjustment board of the War
Department.
Nearly all the unions are work
ing now under the inestimable ad-
antage Sc ao.ns worn somehow r,
lated to the war. Strange as it
may sound, the Ladies' Garment
Workers are in this category, since
many of their shops have switched
to mems uniforms. Quantity enough,
even the corset makers, who might
be supposed to be the one wholly
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10
CENTRAL
POWERS To
REJECT It
President Wilson'S ReStatGd
War Aim Message Expected
to PTOIOng the War,
CBy Unsted Pressl

WASHINGTON. Jan. 10 President
Wilson's restated war aims if enforced
literally VIII mean indefinite prolcn6a-
tion Of the war Instead OF early peace
according 10 Interpretation of NatlVan
officials It was learned through semi
official sources today.
While tile presidents program las
been received with acclaim by all t"e
entente countries except possibly Greece
and tho Balkan states the church men
believe the central powers VIII refuse
to consider it.
one official said that Of tho II Pre-
visions only fve and at most SLY give
opportunity for general agreement.
The others are Impossible at present
vatican officials believe the Alhea
firmly believe they can crush Germany
The Holy Father believes the entente
will prolong the war another summer
unless Germany sues for peace
Further peace suggestions by inc
Pope. are now virtually imposslole' IL u
said
The Holy Father and Vatican clrc'eS
arc FAR from accord with the president -
views 81 italy it is reported Aus't'a'
,bc, feel + Inc ~most favored nation
while ItaIv is tho least favored.
Ideallstic solutions Of the world
nroh,ems while desirable viii not bring
,,-.ce the Vatican officials say. At least
another car of the war VIII result
from the entente stand they fcaF.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10
ROOT PREPARES
CONVENTION PROGRAM
Grown Point Man President
of Indiana Lumber Deal
ers, Acting Secretary.
Especial 20 The Tirnes)

CROWN POINT. IND, Jan. 1g.-The
Retail Lumber Dealers Association OF
Indiana holds its annual convention iu
indianapolis January 22 and %. aRJ
during the year it is expected that the
large membership Of the organization
viii promote statewide campaign Of
home building Since prosperity pre-
walls ia commercial. industrial and sg-
ricultural lines an effort viii be made
70 induce homo lovers living in rented
houses to invest their surplus in houses
of their own There 's. the lulnbermen
say. marked shortage or dwelling
houses throughout Indiana, especially
i'm the industrial centers.
The convention program IS -eing
made up by &. u. Root OF Crown Point
president Of the organization. and a
number Of speakers from out of the
state VIII be on tho list both at the
day sessions and at the annual dinner
Mr.. Root is also acting as secretary Of
the association and the other officers
arc: II. Z. Scarce. Mooresvilie. vice
president: George l.. Mas. Indianap-
oils treasurer.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10
WASHING TON HAS
PLAN BY REILLY
Especial TO The rimas1

WASHINGTON. .. &. Jan. 1o-Tbe
senate committee on militar,- affair
and the department Of justice have un-
der consideration a plan. presented h.,
Attorney J. +. Reilly Of Hammond.
Ind. for a country-W ide census and tn.
creation of alien advisory boards
The plan was presented to the sem
ate through Vice President Marshal
and to the department Of justice L,
Secretary Tumrlty Reilly believes
country-wide census could be made bs
local authorities without cost TO r,i-
federal government but under its direc-
ton and in this way all alien enemies
listed. Alien enemy advisory boards
advisory draft boards and every q .en
called before board which would So
cure complete information a. TO his en-
ployment. residence etc, and give tse
department Of Justice information en-
sbling it TO have a complete check on
the aliens.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10
SANITARY
DISTRICT
REVIVED
Engineer and Attorneys
from Chicago Board Speak
at Chember of Commerce
Luncheon - Some Cold
Facts Laid on Table

The mountain came 10 Mohammcd to-
day
md il was a very diplomatic. welI
informed and business-like mountain.
In 1913 the cities Of Hammond. Whit
ing, East Chicago and Gary voted down
the sanitary district plan Of sewage
disposal. largely because Of the fear
that one man was seeking q fat job.
With that personality eliminated the
issue is once more before the people
Langdon Pcarce, chief sanitary ongi-
ueer Of the sanitary district or Chi
cago and Attorneys Ross G. Hall and
Walter Z. Bcebc. representing the legal
DEPARTMENT OF tho district addressed
The members council of the Hammond
Chamber Of Commerce TINS noon Ham
mond having decided four wears ago
not TO so to the Chicago board it has
come TO Hammond and tho other cities
of the Indiana Calumet region with
tempting proposal and a not very in
viting alternative.
As conveyed ia the speech Of Ensj-
neer Pearce today the Chicago district
is planning TO carry the Indiana sew
age from the state line west but viii
insist-this Of course was not put SO
harsh-that the sewage be first prop
erly treated and the Practice Of dump
ing IT into Lake Michigan. the mutual
source of supply. discontinued.
To be precise when the sag c,if,a, rs
opened this year and Chicago diverts
The last sewage from Lake Michigan il
viii apply IN the government for an
injunction against cities of Indiana
dumping sewage into thes lake OF
dreams leading q the lake and pei-
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10

WATCHES
BROWN
Accomplishments of New
City Administration in
First Few Months and It's
Popularity in Hammond
May Decide It's Fate.

Not only in the personnel 81. cTice
holders but In the method of govern
nent Hammond is undergoing the
greatest change in many years and
her sister cities of the Calumet region
are watching with interest the intro
duetion, ot citizens party sovernmnet
Upon the accomplishments in the next
few months Of Mayor Dan Brown and
his administration depends 10 = great
extent the standing OF the Citizens.
party county ticket
The revolutionary measure ~ 1iasor
Brown IN aholishing the board CT pub-
llc works takes from him the power
OF dictating tho letting or public con
tracts and il IS evident he does noi
care to be an imperiaist or he would
not have thrust aside the great advan-
tage OF hiring and firing board mem
bers and controlling the board through
the power o. appointment. incidental
iy the city viii be saved $500 A tear
fContinuod ON page eleten) -
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10
A SMALL BLAZE.

The Indiana Harbor fye department
made a record for itself Monday when
a call came i'm from Joe Rogers place
at Ssoe Cedar street. It had been freely
predicted thot any fire once under
headway would result in total loss
because Of the inability OF any fire
apparatus 90 get anywhere through
the deeply packed snow.
Tho BOYS from No .. however. got
the engine out and put hcr nose into
the drifts Under fun power it tore
through tho obstruction more easily
than was expected. The run was made
i'm sood shape and the fire was put out
with a dana &c 81 onl1 about $50 or
Stu
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10
SUIT MAY BE
DISMISSED
tBy United Press.)

temporary injunction suit hled by Mar
tin Kruger. former mayor Of Michigan
City. TO prevent Charles Miller. mayor
elect. from assuming office was con-
tinued today until tomorrow by agree
ment of lawyers. 1t was intimated tie
suit would then be dismissed. Miller
took office Monday without incident
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1918-01-10
* ''|L!'IlA ]!
By united Press Cablegram)

(By United Press Cablegran.>
BERNE, Jan. lo.-The newspaper Der
Bund declared today that separate
peace had been formally signed be-
tween Bulgaria and Russia.
The announcement was a speech 10
the Bulgarian Sobrnnja by Premier
Ra,IosIsyoH. Tic read = tclcsram
from, Rrest-LitoHsk dccIarinEi
.The nar between Russia and Bull
Earia cc5xcs. Economic relations VIII
he resumed. Russia recognizes Bul-
garIa's right 10 nominate - delegate
on the international Danube commits
sion
The premier commented that this
IVA. the first peace concluded I'm the
war with BuIEaria'S allies consent
ing" Dispatches here also said
minister had been named ny Bulgaria
II proceed - once 80 PetrOgrnd.