davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-07-08
Armour and Company
Cudahy Packing Co.
Morris & Company
Swift & Company
Wilson & Company
PERSONAL.

Frank Mickey spent Sunday with rel
atives in Montague City, Mass.
Mr.. and Mrs Fred P. Wall returned
this afternoon to Groton Long Point.
Conn.,, after visiting here since SATURDAY.
night.
Miss Flora Crosier came Saturday
from Washington, D. c., to visit her
uncle, C. C. Winchester, and other rela-
tives two or three weeks.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lloyd Robinson and
daughter, Christine, were weekend Wis
itors with relatives in Turner's Fails
and Montague City, Mass.
o. f. Stevens was here from Cam.
bridge, Mass, where he is employed by
Wilkins & Hovey, to spend the week
end. His youngest son, Oriel, accom-
panied him to Cambridge today for 8
visit.
Mrs. H. E. Eddy has closed her home al
As Western avenue for the summer Sht
and her daughters, Doris and Marjorie
went last week to the Green Mountain
House in West Wardsboro to spend tn
summer
Mrs. G. E. Stearns and Mr.. and Mrs
George Lyle came by automobile from
Brooklyn yesterday to the home of Mrs
Stearns's sister, Mrs. c. c. Winchester
They went today to their summer home
in Wilmington.
Lyman Smith left yesterday for Phila.
delphia, after a vacation of a few DAYS
at the home of Mrs. Smiths parents, Mr.
and Mrs. Charles r. Crosby Mrs. Smith
Will remain with her parents through the
month of July.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-07-08
GRoH LEADING BATsMAN.
Heads National League with .35o-Cobb
Crowding Sisler.

Heinie Groh OF Cincinnati is the new
batting leader Of the National league
deposing Fred Merkle, the Chicago first
haseman. Averages released Saturday
give Groh a mark Of $50 with Merkle
trailing a point behind. Jake Daubert, the
Brooklyn veteran, also is batting $40
Groh. fourth in the list week ago, made
10 hits in his last six games, including
three doubles and brace OF triples The
averages include games oil Wednesday.
Max Carey Of Pittsburg. who is leading
the base stealers added seven to his cred
II. bringing his total TO "a Wickland Of
Boston and Cruise of St Louis are tied
IN home.run hitting with FIVE. George
Burns Of New York, the leading scorer,
has registered 4s times.
Ty Cobb is Netting a merry clip in the
American league. He has jumped from
seventh TO second place among the batter.
and has advanced into tie for second
place with Bobby Roth Of Cleveland for
stolen bases. He is six bases behind
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-07-08

Inc Federal Trade in it's recent report on war
pros stated that the five large packers have been
proteerng and that they have monopoly of the market
1hese conclusions If fair and just matters of serious
concern not only to those engaged in the meat packing
business but to every other citizen of our country
The figures given profits are misleading and the
statement that the packers have monopoly is unsupported
by the facts.
The packers mentioned in the report stand ready to prove
their profits reasonable and necessary
The meat business of the largest American industries
ANY citizen who would familiarze himself with its details
must be prepared for large totals
The report states that the aggregate profits of four large
packers were $14OOOOOOO for the three war years
This sum is compared with S19,OOOOOo as the average
annual profit for the three years before the war making It
appear that the profit $21 900 greater than
the pre-war profit.
This compares threeyear profit with one-year prota
manfesty unfair method of comparison It is not only
misleading but the Federal Trade Commission apparently
has made mistake in the figures themselves
The aggregate hreeear profit of 100000 was earned
on sales OF over four and half billion dollars means
ABOUT three cents on each dollar of saes-or frac
ton of a cent per pound of product.
PACKERS profits are negligible factor in prices of live
stock and meats No other large business is conducted
upon such small margins of profit
Furthermore-and this is very mportant-ony small
portion of this profit has been paid in dividends The
balance has been put back into the businesses 1t had to
De- as you realize when you consider the problems the pack
ers have had to soveand solve quckydurng these war
years.
this business in times with higher costs and
the necessity of paying two three times the former prices
Tor Stock has required the of two three times the
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-07-08

ordinary amount of working capital The additional profit
makes only fair return this and has been stated the
larger portion of the profits earned has been used to finance
huge stocks OF goods and provide additions and improve
ments made necessary by the enormous demands of our
army and navy and the Allies.
you are business you will appreciate the signif-
canoe OF these facts If you unacquanted with business
talk this matter with some business ACQUAINTANCE
with your banker sayand ask him compare profits of
the packing industry with those of any other large industry
at the present time
No evidence is offered by the Federal Trade Commission
in support of the statement that the large packers have
monopoly The Commissions report shows the large
number and Importance of other packers.
The packers mentioned in the statement stand ready to
prove to any fairmnded person that they are in keen
competition with each other and that they have power
to manipulate prices
this not true they would not dare to make this
positive statement
Furthermore government figures show that the five large
packers mentioned the report for only about one
third of the meat business of the country
They wish possible to interest you in the details of
their business Of how for instance they can sell dressed
beef for less than the cost of the live ANIMAL owing to
utilization OF byprodqcs and of the wonderful story of
the methods of distribution throughout this broad land as
well as In other countries.
The five packers mentioned feel justified in cooperating
with each other to the extent of together presenting this
public statement
in its time of need they have met all war time demands
promptly and completely and they are willing to trust their
case to the farmndedness of the American people with
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-07-08
Sporting NeWs
STANDING OF THE CLUBS.
American League.

American League Games Today.
Cleveland at Boston.
Chicago at New York.
Detroit at Philadelphia.
st. Louis at Washington.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-07-08
National League.

National League Games Today.
Boston at Pittsburg.
Brooklyn at st. Louis.
New York at Chicago.
Philadelphia at Cincinnati.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1918-07-08

American League.
Sunday games. J
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
Ereeing of
u Western Belgium

10 all practical purposes the deliv-
GRANGE OF France, west of the Meuse. was
thus accomplished and the freeing of Bel
gum west of the Scheldt was achieved
Valenclennes, which fell on Saturday.
November 2, was the last French citv of
any size to remain in the Germans
hands. They had in less than two
months lost rather more than 5000
square miles of French territory and
were bound to lose another thousand
square miles in the next few DAYS.
Within their new positions they would
hold less than 1000 square miles, as
against nearly 5000 occupied in july:
they had, too, lost all the industrial dis
tricts, together with all the considerable
cities.
After the first days of November the
story is one of swift and relentless pur
suit: pursuit by the British down the
valley of the Sambre through Maui
beuge and across the Belgian frontier
until they stood on the ground where
Field Marshal Sir John French opened
the British phase of the war; pursuit to
the Belgian frontier in the centre bv
the French armies returning by the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
blows in Swift
~ Succession

But there is no pause, like that a,
Ludendorff. On September 10 PersbiDs
wins st. Mihiel. Two weeks later bo
strikes again, this time to the north and
Gouraud follows suit on the other s;do
of the Argonne. Then King Albert and
Plumer in Belgium strike on Septem.
Der q and %. On the latter dav Horne
and Byng join in. Then Berthelot and
Mangin, then Rawlinson, with Byng and
Horne aiding him. Then Debenev. Then
King Albert, Plumer and Degoutte',
French army III Flanders. Then. as The
month ends, Pershing and Gourau
again.
Now bear in mind the dates. Luden
dorff struck on March p he was fnally
checked only on July 10 and 19. -Four
months of effort precede the failun
toch opened his offensive on August s.
and IN the last days of September Luden-
dorff advises his government to make
peace proposals; the government waits
few days more, until the defeat of 0ctO-
Der 8; then it appeals to President VII
son. Events in other fields have In.
tiuenced the decision, but two months
after the opening of the Foch offensive
its success is no longer doubtful. AZ
the third month closes France is all
but free, the Belgian coast is free.
Look at it from the side of the OBJ.
stacles: The four lines of defence; the
innumerable switch lines, the rivers and
the canals; an opposing army which
fights well even in defeat, still provided
with all the modern weapons of war. One
of the tragedies Of this war lies in the
fact that German methods have been 50
despicable; that German courage, enduE
ance, military skill are forgotten the
horror and contempt at GermancsimsS
But this great army, these unparansls'
defences, are all mastered in less isS
four months the war is won, for evenM
there been no defeats in the East h
long succession of German revers
would have brought Bulgaria and luia
key to the point of surrender and AH-
tria to the verge of revolution,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
The Situation Three
a. Weeks Ago

Just before the end of October, then,
frontier right down to Valenciennes the
German was in his last line. Between
the Scheldt and the Sambre he held
some elements of his third line; east of
the Sambre he held his third line intact
to point of intersection with the Serre
switch line, which connected him with
his second line, which was intact all the
way from the Serre to Metz 1t was,
moreover, essential for him to hold this
line as long as possible, because it COW
cred the Metz Notwithstanding rail-
road, the only double track lateral line
Of communication left to him and the
vital line for evacuating material and
supplies, now that he was forced to quit
Belgium.
But on November l the Canadians, op-
Grating with the British First Army, took
Valenciennes, thus breaking through the
fourth German line at the point where it
touched the Scheldt, while the Americans
drove through the second German line
between the Mouse and the Argonne.
The consequences of this double disaster
were patent. The whole line of the
Scheldt could now be held for only
brief period of time, by making use of
natural obstacles like the Mons Canal
which enters the Scheldt between Journal
and Valenciennes; the whole second line
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
NJ orth and South
l. y Systems

SO much for the four lines. They were
divided into compartments by the fol-
lowing north and south systems: From
Lille a line followed the east bank of
the Lys and the Lys Canal to the Dutch
frontier. This made it possible to hold
all four of the east and west lines from
Lille eastward, even if the British and
Belgians should break through between
the Lys and the sea in the Ypres area.
A second line followed the east bank CT
the Scheldt and served the same purpose
If after forcing the front between the
sea and the Lys the enemy should cross
the Lys.
A third switch line followed the east
bank Of the Disc, the Sambre- Disc Canal
and the Sambre River, thus enabling the
central sectors Of the German front in
France to hold on even if the enemv
should break through all three Of the
east and west lines, west Of the Sambre
provided only that the fourth line be-
tween the Sambre and the Scheldt held.
fifth switch line extended from the
second east and west line at Marie, on
the Serre, back to the third line at Hir-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

expulsion of the Germans from their
first line from the Meuse to the Aisne,
west of the Argonne. But after his first
success Foch did not insist in this re-
gion; he avoided great casualties by
methodical rather than precipitate ex-
ploitation of his first success.
One day after he had launched his at
tack on the eastern end of the operative
front, that north of Verdun, Foch threw
the Belgians and Pumer's Second Brit
ish Army against the Germans at the
other end and broke through their first
line defences between the Lys and the
sea. Again he did not Immediately insist
after his first success, and the lines mo-
mentarily stabilized themselves on a
front between Courtrai and Newport.
the Germans standing on a rather
sketchy second line
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
Contrasting the Foch Method, Swift
and Relentless, With That of
Ludendorff
Copyright, 1918, New York Tribune Inc.

roads along which Lanzerac had retreat
ed after the defeat of Charleroi; pull
suit to and beyond the Meuse by Per-
shing's young army, whose achievement
it was to retake Sedan and by new
splendors extinguish the old, unhappy
memories attaching to that city.
By Sunday, November 10, whose Off
cial statements, in fact, close the mill
tary history of the war, the broken Ger
man armies were fleeing eastward from
the Dutch frontier to the outskirts of
Metz. They were still fighting hack as
they retired at certain points. They
were not yet routed in the narrow sense
Of the word, but their power for often
sive or even for prolonged defensive
operations was at an end. That they
could have rallied and made a success
full stand west of the Rhine may well be
doubted as a military question, even il
the nation had not collapsed behind the
army and the home front had not broken
before the military front yielded.
Now we have to contrast the Foch
method with that of Ludendorff. Both
had the same problem before them. Luz
dendorf worked at his from March 21
to July IS. Foch opened his offensive on
August 8, and had his solution in hand
by the first day of November. Both SOL
diers were troubled by the element of
time, Ludendorff by the necessity of get
ting decision before America could take
real hand. Foch had to have de-
cision before winter stopped the opera
tions. Ludendorff had almost four
months; Foch had still week to go to
complete his fourth month when the
armistice was signed.
Ludendorff conceived that he could win
the victory by one gigantic thrust. He
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

son, thus supplying another barrier to
the Allied flood, even if it should pene-
trate in the centre north of Laon.
Such was the German system, complex
when described, simple to understand
when explained by events The value of,
the various parallel and perpendicular
lines is fully disclosed by the progress of
the offensive. The best figure is always
that of the watertght compartments of
a ship. In this case the compartments
did not serve tos keep the ship afoat
finally, but they did serve the highly
useful purpose of delaying the thrush
of the enemy flood they prevented
local break from developing into a gen
eral disaster. All through this fight
the war was one of positions, not of
movement; such movement as there was
amounted merely to the operations be-
tween positions; there was nothing to
suggest the old-fashioned war, dear to
the soldiers of all ages, the war of full
and free maneuvre.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
Cermany's Elaborate Defence System
and Its Final Dramatic
Destruction
By FRANK Fl. SIMONDS
Author of ''The World War;" ''They Shall Not Pass

western end touched the Scheldt River
and were thus still tenable after Lille
had fallen.
The first of the four systems or lines
which we have come to call the linden
burg line began just north of Newport,
on the North Sea, followed the line fac
ing Passchendaele Ridge, which the Ger
mans had defended last year, circled
about Lille, came south before La Bas-
see, through Lens, before Douai, Cam
brai, through st. Quentin, followed the
east bank of the Disc to La Fere, crossed
the st. Gobain Forest, which acted as a
sort of central bastion, turned east
above Scissors, followed the old Chenin
des Danes works, included the forts
north Of Rheims, crossed the plain of
Champagne and the Argonne Forest to
reach the Meuse just north of Verdun.
and circling about the familiar lines of
that fort reached the Moselle south of the
outer line Of Metz forts.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17

the whole German line from the sea to
the Meuse rocking. At either end the
first line was completely broken through
and the enemy were compelled to retire
to the second. Elsewhere the pressure
was less disastrous at the moment, but
the enemy found himself unable to con-
centrate against SO many wide attacks;
the Hindenburg line had fallen at both
ends and was seriously threatened by the
growing pressure of the British frontal
attack nearer the centre
On October 8, which was the decisive
day, Foch threw three British armies
against the stretch of the Hindenburg
line between Cambria and St. Quentin.
In the next three days they drove right
through this line, cut the second line be-
hind it, between the Disc and the Scheldt,
and advanced until they had reached
the third line, between the Scheldt and
the Sambre, just south of Valenciennes.
While this great drive was going for
ward Foch redoubled his activities both
in Flanders and in Champagne. In
Flanders the British and Belgians rein
forced by French army, broke through
the last line of German defences between
the sea and the Lys and began to swing
round north Of Lille and threaten the
crossings of the Lys, which constituted
the third German line. In Champagne
Berthelot and Gouraud struck north one
reaching the Aisne, south of Rethel, the
other clearing the hills north Of Rheims
and crossing the Aisne east of Laon
This movement compelled the retirement
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
TNhe Whole Line Set
H. Rocking

On the same day. Foch threw Horne's
First British Army against the Germans
in Cambria and Byng's Third British
Army against the Germans on the
stretch of the Scheldt Canal on either
side of LIE Catelet. Here the progress
was much slower, rs the British had to
fight their way through twelve-mle
defensive zone. But material gains were
scored at once. Next, on September 80,
Foch launched Berthelot's French army
against the Germans still lingering be-
tween the Vesle and the Aisne in the
ground familiar to Americans as the
scene of the fighting of many of our
troops in July and August.
The result of these attacks was to set
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
The Last Battle Of the War-Supreme Wet

To the north the main British forces,
the armies of Rawlinson, Horne and
Byng-steadily fought their way through
the third German line between the
Scheldt and the Sambre, getting clean
through by the beginning of the fourth
week of October. They had now before
them only the fourth line, that starting
at the Scheldt and crossing to the
Sambre by Valenciennes and Maubeuge.
At this moment Debeney forced the Disc
and pushed eastward, driving the Ger
mans out of the region between the Disc
and the Serre. But the effect of this
thrust was limited. again, by the switch
line stretching from the second German
position on the Serre to the third line
at Hirson
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
r ike a Steamer IS
IL Water-tight Compartments

This line of intrenchments which the
Allies faced was the first Of four sep
arate lines constituting the major cir
cumstances of German defence. But be-
tween these four lines, stretching in the
main from west to east, were a number
of other lines running north and south,
dividing the front into compartments
comparable in all respects to the water
tight compartments of steamer and
having the same purpose. Thus, if the
first or second line were penetrated in
some sector, the dislocaton would not
communicate itself on either side, because
it was localized by the north and south
trench systems and by the rearward par
ailel line.
The salient features of these defence
systems were the fortified areas about
Lille and Metz. Those were the anchor
ages which held the great cablelike
trench systems stretched across from
Flanders to German Lorraine. All four
Of the systems rested upon the Metz
circle Of forts; MI four at their other
extremity rested upon Lille but there was
this difference, that, while the fall of
Metz would have been fatal to all four
lines, the third and fourth lines on their
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-11-17
THE Defence Foch Broke in
l. Ten Weeks

When in the opening days of septem-
Der I.udendorff, retiring from his de-
feats at the Marine in July and at the
Somme in August, arrived at the linden
burg line, he took his position in the most
intricate and elaborate system of defen-
sive works ever fashioned by the ingenu-
ity of man. He believed them to be i'm
pregnable, but whatever doubt may have
existed in any German mind as to the
capacity of the defence systems for
permanent resistance, nothing seemed less
likely than that in the ten weeks of cam
paigning weather which remained Foch
could force or turn these works.
In the present article I purpose in
some detail to describe this German de-
fence system, the fruit of four years of
labor, manned by more than 100000
veteran troops, provided with every
known continuance of war, fashioned on
the experience Of the greatest contest in
human history, the line, or series of lines,
which was shattered between September
26, when Foch opened the battle by
throwing Pershing's troops in north of
Verdun, and the first days of November,
when the British success at Valenciennes
penetrated the last detail of the final line
Of defence in France.
AS Foch faced the problem in Septem-
Der it was this: From the Belgian coast
at Newport to the Swiss frontier there
existed continuous line of defences,
which correspondent in the main to the
lines to which the Germans had retired
in 1917 and from which they had started
on their colossal sortie in March of the
present year. Of this extent of front
only that portion west of Metz needs de-
scription now, since, aside from the brief
preliminary operation at st. Mihiel, it was
not affected by the September and Oc-
tober operations.