davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
Delaware County Farm Bureau
(Csunty Agents Ohice1
(Csu1ty Agents Office.

was compared. 1t was wonderful
study to compare the animals that had
made a profit at the end of the year
Of $25, as compared with profit of
SIS, or one that made profit of $40
compared with one that made a profit
Of s125. In every case one could dis
Germ the secret Of the COW that paid
SO we'll above her expenses. Capacity
for feeding was in evidence, large I'D
ders and mammary glands and large
milk wells, together with decided
dairy temperament. These animals
had put the feed in the milk pail
rather than put it on their backs, as
does the beef animals.
When one compares the producing
end of the dairy COW as compared with
the dual purpose of the beef animals,
we are led to believe that there is no
halfway proposition. We must either
have a dairy herd or a beef herd.
While some men will not agree with
this statement, that old axiom, "You
cannot serve two masters at once"
uOluS 8OOO III AVCoIoSh PAo~'
We cannot expect the animals to give
milk and produce beef at the same
time to the greatest degree. 1t is
hoped that it will be possible for more
farmers Of Delaware county to attend
these shows next year for the educa-
tional value which can be obtained.
Produce More Than Ever.
The county agent has just received
communication from headquarters,
showing the relative amount of food
stuffs which will be exported abroad.
This communication goes on to say
that the United States proposes to
send three times as many thousand
pounds OF foodstuffs overseas in 1919
as the average annual exports during
pre-war times.
The increase in exports in 1919 over
1918 totals more than the entire ex-
ports before the war. In other words,
there will be shipped every day 3S,516
tons of food on a basis Of an eight
hour day. This would mean that three
carloads will be shipped every minute
during the year. or one-third ton every
second,
1t is apparent that the farmers are
going to be- called upon to continue
the wonderful production Of farm pro-
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
DELHI,

Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Darlington,
2 daughters and son of Cedar Falls
were calling on Delhi friends recent
ly.
Mr.. Park Billings visited relatives
at Ryan last week.
Mrs. Mary Sherman of Minneapolis
is guest at E. B. Porter's.
Erastus Smith was a Central City
visitor Tuesday.
Devotional meetings were held at
st. Johns church Saturday and Sun
day.
Ladies from Manchester and Earl
vile atteded the NJ. E. Fair Saturday.
Mr. and Mrs. w. l. Millen and Mrs
Dake of Earlville were Delhi visitors
Thursday.
Mrs. Harry Bisgrove continues very
ill.
Mrs. Graham returned to her home
at Epworth last week.
Mr. and Mrs. H. L. Stone attended
Conference at Clinton last week and
also attended Sunday School Con.
vention at Oskaloosa.
Clara C. Weber of Iowa City viii
inspect J. NJ. Holbrook Relief Corp No
1O1 on Thursday afternoon October
18th.
Mrs. Elizabeth Blake returned from
Strawberry Point Monday.
| %1 no q,
Thursday to be gone for sometime
Mrs. Harry Moser of Monticello
Minnesota, Mrs. N. Kenyon of Siou1
Fall, S. D. and Mrs Jay Grommon ant
daughter of Manchester were guest:
of Mrs. c. NJ. Grommon Thursday.
Mrs. Burkey returned last week fon
an extended visit with a daughter il
Montana.
Mr.. and Mrs. David Fraser and so,
Ben of Britt, Iowa were visiting Delhi
| friends last week
Mrs Harry Cruise and two sons o
Earlville spent Thursday at ]. W. Cor
bins.
1 Mr.. and Mrs. N. E. Gleason wer,
guests at Max Gleasons in Waterlo,
from Friday until Monday.
Mr. and Mrs r.. r. Stone were il
Manchester Friday.
! E. B. Porter, E. E. Lux and H. P
Bancroft attended the Dairy Show a
Waterloo last Thursday
There were great rejoicings in Delhi
on Sunday Morning when the new
came that Germany had surrendered
Bells were rung and guns fired an,
huge bonfires built Everyone turne'
out to help in the celebrating. Amer
lea and the Star Spangled Banner wa
sung, and the people nearly went wild
in their rejoicing.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
Better Livestock.

The county agent has just returned
from trip, having spent one DAY al
the National Swine show at Gear
Rapids and the Dairy congress al
Waterloo. A number Of people from
Delaware county attended these two
Exhibitions Of improved livestock.
These two shows have been OF great
educational value and were worth
anyone's time and expense involved
Ito attend them. The exhibitors at the
swine show came from various parts
or the United States and one could get
the ideals of various breeders we'll In
mind The display Of Chester Whites
Poland Chinas and Duroc Jerseys was
good indeed. There was also quite
an exhibit Of Tamworths and Hamp-
shire hogs.
1t is apparent that breeders are en-
deavoring to maintain the large type
Of animal. However, there is ten
dency on the part. of some people at
times to oyerstep A number OF years
ago the breeders OF swine attempted
to make the animals too fine, with
disastrous results. They are now
headed in the other direction, and 1t
is good time to stop before too much
coarseness is involved. The packer
is not going to pay for bone and gris-
tie and big, rough hide. However,
we feel that the breeders have at
tanned medium standard which
would be we'll to adhere to. 1t is the
medium type, after all, that wins,
whether it is in corn or hogs, or what
not.
The Dairy Cattle congress at Water
loo had a very strong exhibit OF
Guernseys, Jerseys and Ayrshires. but
was deficient in Holsteins. 1t is al
legged that the Holstein men, when
asked about the shortage of their ex-
hibits, explained that it was neces-
sary to keep their animals at home to
produce food while the other folks at
tended the shows.
There were some splendid exhibits
In all the different breeds and one
felt repaid for their visit. One feature
Of the Dairy Cattle show was COM
parison Of cows which had been sub
jected to the milk test for number
OF years in which the profit per COW
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
WOMAN GREAT HELP IN
LIBERTY LOAN WORK
Has Become integral Part In Sharing
Obligation Of Financing
the War.
BY MISS GRACE DIXON.

BY MISS GRACE DIXON,
Federal Reserve Director for Women
In Seventh District.
One Of the great truths we have
learned in this war is the need Of men
and women working together under
standingly and sympathetically-ani-
mated by the same spirit Of helpful
ness, Of fearlessness, Of enthusiasm.
facing definitely one goal with equal
honor. equal power For men and
women working together with unanim.
ity Of purpose make the ideal service
for the nation. Taking Lincoln's great
words I'VE all need to work together
to the end" that loyalty Of the people
by the people shall not perish from the
earth.
To write Of the activities Of the
women's work in the Seventh district
10 a pleasure, as we have become such
an integral part In sharing the obli-
cation Of financing the war. That the
work Of the women and men might be
more effectively co-Ordinated in the
district, the director for women has
been made a member of the campaign
committee as we'll as Of the executive
committee of the federal reserve bank
Ing committee The state chairmen,
county chairmen and city chairmen
nave been made members of the execu-
tive committees of the mems organiza-
ton in their respective states, counties
and cities.
The definite activities for women
shall be:
l. All women's organizations that
are listed strictly under women, such
as clubs, fraternal societies. lodges,
leagues, guilds, etc:
2. All elementary and high schools,
private and parochial schools.
3. All booths, such as street, hotel,
restaurant and cafeteria, department
store and theater booths.
4. Women shall cooperate with the
mems committee in churches. univer-
stiles, ward organizations and any 9TH
er committees where they can be Of
service.
It was also recommended that no
separate reports Of the amount Of sub
scriptions taken be given by women,
but that on account Of the volunteer
subscription and allotment plans,
credit be given equally to both men
and women it Is advisable for wom-
en- county chairmen to have dis
tinct and complete understanding
with the county chairmen Of the
mems organization. Of this fact, so
that no misunderstanding will arise on
this subject during the campaign.
Where regular campaigns for solicit
Ing subscriptions are made by both
men and women, separate record
must, Of course, be kept and re-
ported.
DR.. Anna Shaw's admonition to the
women Of America THAT every woman
should tie her child to the United
States government by little bond"
Is the slogan that is the inspiration Of
our workers. Through our various
churches, schools, clubs, we hope. to
reach every home in this country-for
we realize that if we can touch and
kindle the patriotic ardor Of women
and bring women of diversified expert
| ences and standards Of living to n
realization of their responsibilities,
that upon the people who remain at
home rests the obligation Of financ-
ing this war, then indeed are we full
| filling our mission as we should.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
Full EXPLANATION.

Jack received small tool chest for
his birthday. Daddy had explained
to him the names and uses Of each
tool. Later he had neighbor in and
was extolling the virtues Of his set.
Just look what l got-a hammer to
hammer with; saw to saw with;
Ratchet to chop with" latter exam
lining very closely the monkey
wrench) swell, Bob, this is not a
regular tool, it's a - (then, as the
name dawned upon him) wrench to
monkey with"
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
What Do You Think Of That?

There is an aspect of spider and fly
relation which iabulists and natural
lists alike have overlooked. An OBJ.
server has brought the microscope to
bear on many house flies and finds that
the parasite upon that hateful insect
is often an immature spider. Too
weak yet to spin its web it makes the
fly it's winged palfrey, and courses
from place to place at the will of its
captive; either until Pegasus per-
ishes naturally or presumably until the
rider has grown up and Is able to make
a meal Of his charger.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
SEVEN WHY'S WE ARE
SHORT.

1. Our great war program has
reduced our sugar-carrying fleet.
2. The sugar requirements of
our overseas army are very
large.
3. Our own sugar crop Is less
than we expected.
4. The small island, Cuba.
must feed the world with sugar.
5. We have diverted $1,000
tons of sugar shipping in order
that Belgium should have food.
6. Germans have destroyed
sugar-beet fields and factories in
northern France and Italy.
Z. More than 5O,0OO,0O0 pounds
Of sugar have been sunk off our
shores by German submarines.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
USE THE LIGHTER CUTS
Food Administration Asks conserva.
ton Of the Beef Supply Of
the Country.

Following conference between
packers and the food administration.
attended by officers Of the army. navy
and marine corps, maximum prices
are announced at which beef will be
allotted for September delivery-ex.
cepting on the Pacific coast-for the
army, navy and allies. "
The following bases are t. o. b. Chi
cago, per 100 pounds, for steers Of
quality and grade satisfactory to the
authorized inspectors, chilled and un-
wrapped. These prices average sub
stantially the same as for the month Of
August.
AS to 575 pounds. .$21.0O
SIS to TOO pounds. ............ 22.8o
700 to $50 pounds. ............. 23.65
The average weight Of cattle market
ed this year, it was brought out, is 80
pounds lighter than last, 40 pounds
lighter than in 1915 and 60 pounds
below the 1915 average. This Is due
In part to excessive marketing Of i'm
mature cattle owing to drought condi-
tons.
To utilize cattle below 475 pounds In
weight, the minimum now being sup
piled on army specifications, house
wives and proprietors Of public eating
places are asked by the food admins
tration to buy cuts from lighter weight
stock.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
THE WILL TO WIN.

The casualty lists are hitting the
rural communities as well as the cities
and bringing home the war in earnest.
Every casualty list should increase the
will to win, and strengthen the deter
mination to win regardless of cost. The
men are giving their lives on the fight
ing front, and the folks at home cannot
do less than exert every effort to in
crease the production of food crops and
to eXpend every dollar possible in buy
ing Liberty bonds.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
Quality Of Courage.

Cowardice in any form prevails only
in instances where the individual Is
unaccompanied by a being possessing
stronger forces. In the company Oh
one or more courageous fellow beings
the most fearful man not only becomes
fearless hut will exhibit courage.-Ex-
change.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
Time for All Things.

There is time for all things, and
we believe that the young man should
select twilight. after he has put in four
teen hours hoeing the crops, for writ
ing love songs and war poetry.-Hous-
ton Post.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09

ducts that they have during the pres
ent year. This call will come in spite
of the fact that our labor is being de-
pleted. However, we must realize
that these are war times and that we
must do everything to the last dollar
and to the last bushel Of produce in
order to feed the boys who are sacri-
ficing their lives for our nations well
fare. @ .
It is time now that we begin to lay
our plans for next years work. To
study our situations, whether or not
we can use more machinery or wheth-
er we can change our system OF farm
more work than he has in the past in
the same given time. For those that
are in the dairy business it would be
advisable to look up the milking ma
chine proposition at this time We
have plenty of evidence now that
they are success and that they great
ly relieve the drudgery on the farm
Secondly, we ought to investigate the
horse power situation on the farm,
whether we need to increase the num-
Der Of horses or whether we can pos
sibly operate tractor. 1t is hoped
that some arrangement can be made
that the tractors now in use can be
put to work at the present time plow-
ing. Every farmer should be getting
as much fall blowing out of the way
n q vyI, nj ho l.,
or not. Every acre that is plowed
now is equal to two acres in the
spring, because at that time our horses
are soft and are not able to accomplish
the work they ought. Furthermore, it
Is not profitable to drag them down
at the beginning of the seasons activi-
ties. At present the horse power is
hardened in after the season of work
and can accomplish more at the pres
ent time than in the spring. Neigh
bors should get together in the use Of
corn binders so as to reduce the man
power.
The other day the county agent was
at the farm of Frank Childs In Mason
vile. Mr.. Childs was filling four silos
at that time. He has two corn binders
to which he has attached elevators,
thus reducing the labor required by
two to four men. He further states
that the draft Of the corn binder is
practically no more than under normal
conditions since the elevators help to
balance up the machine. Furthermore
the corn Is not apt to be cut ahead of
time and allowed to lie on the ground,
so that in case Of rains the work is
finished when the last wagon has been
filled. Various men over the county
have studied their own conditions and
have remedied the same by changing
their methods of work The county
agent would be glad to have farmers
inform this office where such changes
have been made, as they may be Of
value to other farmers under the same
conditions. We must help one another
now in these times when we are facing
shortage of labor and things are alb
normal. r..
BaIed Hay,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09
Baled Hay,

Requests have come to the county
agents office from various parts of the
state in regard to the hay crop. If
any farmer has supply Of baled hay
on hand which he wishes to dispose Of.
please notify this office at once so we
can get in touch with buyers from the
districts which have been severely af-
fected by the drought.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1918-10-09

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The Benson signal., 1918-03-30

lily. I was tired out, and using nv
shrapnel-proof helmet (shrapnel proof
until piece Of shrapnel hits it), or
tin hat, for pillow, lay down in the
straw, and was soon fast asleep. I
must have slept about two hours, when
I awoke with prickling sensation all
over me. AS I thought, the straw had
worked through my uniform. I woke
up the fellow lying on my left, who had
been up the line before, and asked
him:
"Does the straw bother you, mate?
It's worked through my uniform and I,
can't Sleep"
In a sleepy voice he answered,
"That amt straw, them's cooties."
From that time on my friends the
"cooties" were constantly with me.
"Cooties," or body lice, are the bane
of Tommy's existence.
The aristocracy of the trenches very
seldom call them ''cooties," they speak
Of them as f1eas.
To an American flea means a small
insect armed with bayonet, who is
wont to jab it into you and then hop
skip and jump to the next place to be
attacked. There is an advantage in
having fleas on you instead of "cooties"
in that in one of his extended jumps
said flea Is liable to land on the fell
low next to you; he has the typical
energy and push Of the American,
while the "cootie" has the bulldog
tenacity of the Englishman; he holds
on and consolidates or digs in until
his meal is finished.
There is no way to get rid of them
permanently. No matter how often
you bathe, and that is not very often,
or how many times you change your
underwear, your friends the "cooties"
are always in evidence. The billets are
infested with them, especially so if
there is straw on the floor.
l have taken a bath and put on
brand-new underwear; in fact COM
plete change of uniform, and then
turned in for the night. The next morn
ing my shirt would be full of them. 1t
is a common sight to see eight or ten
soldiers sitting under tree with their
shirts over their knees engaging in
"shirt hunt"
At night about half an hour before
lights out" you can see the Tommies
grouped around candle, trying in it's
dim light, to rid their underwear of
the vermin. A popular and very quick
method is to take your shirt and draw
ers, and run the seams back and for
ward in the flame from a candle and
burn them out. This practice is dan
The Benson signal., 1918-03-30
About Sharing MiIk's Cost.

Serious increases in the cost of pro-
ducing milk have resulted in recent
years from feed and labor problems
This increase is in keeping with the in
crease in the cost of almost all other
commodities, and the consumer must
expect to pay his portion of any legiti-
mate increase in the cost of production
occasioned by these conditions.
On the other hand there is need of
more attention to better management
on the average farm devoted to the
production of milk. The amount Of
milk produced per cow is frequently
so low as to reflect seriously on the
business ability of the owner. There
is no good excuse for slack business
methods on the dairy farm. Direc-
tions for keeping records of milk yields
and cost of production are furnished
by each state agricultural college and
by the United States department Of
agriculture.
The Benson signal., 1918-03-30
Keep a Clean Cow Barn.

The most common defect in dairy
stables is a lack of cleanliness; cob
webs on the ceiling and manure on the
walls are too common in some places.
The dairyman must not allow cObwebs,
dust or dirt to accumulate if he ex-
poets to produce the highest grade of
milk. With a tight, smooth ceiling and
smooth walls without lodges this is not
difficult. Whitewash should be freely
applied both to the walls and ceiling
at least twice a year, as it helps to
purify the stable and to keep it light
An abundance of light is necessary :;
four square feet of glass for each COW
is generally sufficient if the windows
are we'll distributed and not ObstructeG
in any way. If the stable is located
with it's length north and south it re-
ceives the purifying benefits of both
morning and afternoon sun.
The Benson signal., 1918-03-30
Producing Quality Beef.

Livestock markets during recent
years have experienced a continual
growing demand for well-fattened beef
animals weighing from 900 to 1000
pounds. In order to meet this demand
and secure the highest prices, breeders
are showing an increased tendency to-
ward finishing off their beef cattle at
younger ages. Stock raisers find it
more profitable to conduct their opera
tiOns in this manner than to hold their
cattle to advanced ages as was the
custom some years ago, when pasture
land was cheaper than it is at present.
Such a demand must necessarily be
supplied by well-fnished animals from
fourteen to twenty months old carry
ing large percentage of blood of one
of the maturing beef breeds,
usually that of the Hereford, Aberdeen
Angus, or ShorthOrn. To distinguish
them from animals of other beef
classes, these yearlings have come to
be designated as baby beeves. The use
of better bulls with consequent i'm
provement in quality and early matur-
itv is an essential in the production
of baby beef. The preparation for mar
ket of this class of beeves requires
The Benson signal., 1918-03-30
DAIRY. PRODUCTS
VERY ESSENTIAL
Wiser Use of By-Products Is
Clearly Shown to Be War
Necessity.
IMPORTS HAVE BEEN STOPPED
Greatest Loss in Milk Industry Is Fail
ure to Use Skim Milk and Butter
milk for Human Food-PIan
for Better Dairying.

Dairy products are essential to the
well-being of the nation, and the dairy
cow produces more food with less feed
than any other of our domestic ami
mails. Before the war the United
States received dairy products from
about twenty foreign countries; now
these supplies have been largely
stopped and it has become necessary
not only to replace them at home, but
also to export large quantities. In
1914, for instance, we imported ap-
proximately 64,OOO,OOO. pounds more of
dairy products than we exported, not
including fresh milk and cream. In
1917 we exported 320.O00,OOO pounds
more than we imported.
Our Milk Flow in 1917.
The total amount Of milk produced
in this country in 1917 is estimated to
be 84,611, ,35O,OOO pounds. Large losses
occur, and the greatest is through the
failure fully to utilize skinned milk
and buttermilk for human food. These
products have all of the food value Of
the whole milk except the fat. A given
quantity Of them would produce seven
times as much food value in the form
of cottage cheese as they would pro-
duce in the form of meat If fed to live
stock. The possibilities of increasing
the supply of food by the fuller utiliza-
tion of these by-products are enormous.
In brief, there should be better utili-
zatiOn of skinned milk and buttermilk,
both as food on the farm and through
the market.
Ways to Better Dairying.
Better results in dairying may be Sc
cured by proper sanitation and care
in producing and handling milk; by
better care and utilization of pastures;
by raising on the farm adequate sup
plies of roughage, particularly legumes
and silage to take the place of grains
so far as is practicable; by preserving
for dairy purposes all the high-produc-
ing animals and eliminating those that
are inefficient; by feeding according to
production so as to secure the greatest
yield of milk with the least quantity
of feed, which necessitates a record
of production Of individual COWS; by
the full utilization in the community
of good bulls throughout the entire
period of their usefulness and to their
full capacity; and by the prompt con-
troll Of disease.