davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24
BY Aino Malmberg

II REVOLUTIONARY times no one
can hold the leadership very long
in his hands. Life moves too
quickly; emotions sway too rapidly
from one side to another. The pict-
uresque figure of Kerensky is gone and
his place has been taken by man of
fierce, brutal energy, Leon Trotzky.
Just as Kerensky's fall was due to his
weak inactivity, Trotzky's will prob
ably end because of his ruthless su-
peractivity. Then the question arises:
Who is to succeed Trotzky?
One man, Victor Michailovitch
Tchernof, has constantly been men
toned as one Of the ablest in Russia,
and many seem to believe that the fate
Of Russia will sooner or later rest in
his hands. In fact, dispatches this
week, apparently premature, said that
he had already assumed control.
I knew TchcrnoF we'll, twelve years
ago, when he stayed as a guest in my
house in Hclsingforu, Finland. Unas-
suming home life always gives another
picture of person that does his pub
lie ACTIVITY
When 1 met him first he had just
escaped from Petrograd under very dra
matte circum stances. The Cars secret
police had for long time kept an eye
upon him, because his activity as an
editor of a radical paper had become
,1f+l YI, io{, taf, % <hn
interests.
One day Tchernoff was sitting in his
Office, on the second floor, when the
door suddenly few open and one Of his
friends rushed in.
For heavens sake, Tchernoff. try to
hide. The gendarmes are coming"
He Knew Arrest
Meant Siberia
Tchernoff understood the situation
without any further explanation: The
gendarmes were coming to arrest him,
and that meant Siberia. But he had no
time for Siberia. He had to escape az
any cost.
1t was ridiculous to talk about hiding.
Tchernotf had seen enough Of house
searches by gendarmes to know that it
was idle to try to hide pin. No, he
had to escape; but how? The gem
darmes were outside, and to walk out
through the door would mean to run
into their arms. There was only one
possible way to freedom: to jump out
Of the second floor window. He might
break his bones, yes, but, anyhow, it
was better than Siberia. The heavy
steps of the gendarmes sounded on the
The next moment he jumped.
There were people standing outside
and they understood, as Russians al
ways understand. The badly limping
man was taken care of, and after week
or so he arrived safely in Finland.
Ny first impression of Tchernoff was
that he was exceedingly shy and hardly
uttered word. / had heard about his
sparkling wit and his deep learning,
and was wondering why l never saw
any manifestations Of either There
was something awkward and untidy
about him that made me constantly
think Of how necessary it was for some
men to have q woman to look after
them.
IL
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24
Problem Will Reach
United States Soon

The problem of the returned soldier
now making itself felt in Canada, will
also be a most vital one in the United
States within very short period. What
Canada has done and found out along
this line will be of pertinent interest
to our neighbors to the south.
When in 1916 our men began coming
home disabled, the Department of Mi
litia and Defence appointed commit
tee to attend to those needing care and
treatment. This work developed until
it now embraces four main divisions,
carried out under the direction of the
Military Hospitals Commission:
The provision of convalescent hos
pitals and homes for members of the
Canadian expeditionary force return
ing invalided from the front and for
men left behind by units going over
seas.
The provision of vocational train
ing and general instruction in con-
valescent hospitals, more especially
for those whose disabilities prevent
them returning to their previous oc-
cupationS.
The administration of a military
command known as the military hos
pitals commission command, into
which are drafted all returned in
vallds and those in Canada who re-
quire treatment.
The administration of central Of
fee to cooperate with the different
provincial governments in assisting
men to find employment when they
secure their discharge.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24
Army Supplies
Medical Service

Convalescent hospitals and homes
have been established from the Atlantic
to the Pacific; at present some fifty
seven are operated by the commission
fourteen others have definite accom-
modation for returned men, while
twenty-three in addition can take some
men for active treatment. The army
Medical Corps supplies The medical
service required by the commission.
The command has divided the country
into units, with headquarters at Hall
fax, Quebec, Montreal, Kingston, To-
lonto, London, Winnipeg, Regina, Cal
gary and Victoria. 1t also operates
the discharge depots at St. John, Hall
lax and Quebec. All men returning
overseas are under its care, are fur
nished with meals, clothing and trans
portation by the commission and arc
paid by the paymasters of the com
mand units
In October. 1915, an inter-provincial
conference was arranged, and as a re-
suit the following provincial bodies
were formed to operate with the COM
mission and secure situations for re-
turned men, take UP any matters Of
complaint and help them generally un-
til they are reabsorbcd into civil life.
Ontario has the Ontario Soldiers Aid
Commission; Quebec, the Soldiers En-
ployment Commissions; Nova Scotia.
the Returned Soldiers Employment
committee, and SO on for each PROV
ince.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24
But His Grca,
Passion Is Fishing

The capacity Of observing that kind
OF danger has developed in most mar.
sellous degree in the Russian reyolu.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24
He Sang to Sweeten
Russia 8 Woes

1t happened then one evening some
Finnish revolutionists had made a party
for a few Russian friends who had Just
arrived in Helsingfors. Tchernoff was
one of them. At the supper table |
happened to sit next to Boris Savinkoff,
who later on became Minister Of War
in Kerensky's cabinet He was enthusi-
astic about Tchernoff's beautiful voice
and asked me if | had ever heard him
sing. AS he received an answer in the
negative, he promised me to see to it
that Tchernotf should not be allowed
to depart before he had given us a
song.
| shall never forget the impres sio..
he made upon US when he sang his
first song about the river oiga. His
me ting tenor barytone voice expressed
the sadness Of the Russian plains and
the longing for freedom of the op-
pressed people better than any words
could have done. One after another
the songs followed, sometimes sad,
sometimes humorous, but always beau
tiful. The ice was broken, and after
this evening we knew the real Tcher-
nof. Once his shyness was overcome
his sense of humor, his wit and his ar
tistic accomplishments made him a
most inspiring personality.
Of all the Russian revolutionary lead
ers of that time Tchernoff was one of
the most popular. | never heard anv
one utter bitter word against him.
His kindness was boundlcss and his
deep sincerity won the respect of every
one. No sacrifice for the cause was
ever known to have frightened him.
Tchernoff had often that sad, absent
minded look we notice in people who
live in the vicinity Of death. but we
soon found out that he observed cvery-
thing around him much better than peo-
pie whose life had been the normal.
comfortable one. One day he came
home from walk and asked me who
lived IN number so-and-so in the same
street. said I did not know. It was
private house
please try to find out. That house
is watched"
What do you mean? Watched ?.
es, watched by the secret police"
thought he was imagining things.
having had so much trouble with Tho
secret police himself, but anyhow de-
cided to find out. The following day it
became clear that Tchernoff was right
Inc house was the meeting place of a
Socialist group and for some time the
secret political police had been keeping
an eye upon it. Thanks to Tchernoff
the people were warned and avoided ar
rest.
But His Grca,
Passion Is E;sh;no
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24
+ antasy at
The Base Of Wish

| he Base or Wish
From Dr. Brills explanation, 1
gathered that there was nothing spiri-
tual or supernatural about psycho-anal-
ysis 1t was based on scientific facts
and was a branch of psychiatry and
neurology. 1t had nothing to do with
Christian Science or mental telepathy
or any other more popular movements.
Inc man who practises it must be a
regular trained physician.
The fact still remains that it is of
Importance to men who can apply it's
methods to other phases of life and
thought" Dr. Brill went on. "We need
men trained in spheres other than
medicine to apply it's principles. Freud
mas shown the nature of art through
means of it. The poet builds like the
dreamer. he cannot get his wishes
gratlfied g in the world, so he builds
asies-crcates fantastic worlds,
where these desires are gratified; just
as the dreamer does. Besides, two of
shakespeare plays, Hamlet and Mac
beth,' have been given new interpreter
tlons through the studies of psyche
analysis. Ernest Jones has made a
lengthy study of the Edipus complex
in Hamlet showing how Hamlet's af-
lection for his mother Influenced him.
Or. Corat has given us a study Of the
hysterla of Lady Macbeth.
in education Pastor Pfster has
made important changes through
treud's theories. He looks facts in the
face. The field is open for many work
ers."
DR.. Brill has stood by Freud; he does
not Withdraw his support from the
most unpopular phases of Freud's s
bot ..
strength. Freud has certainly been
fortunate in acquiring so loyal a pupil,
one who does not compromise or try
to make psyche analysis conform TO
popular clamor or fall in with re-
ligious and ethical conventions.
Dr. Brill is one of the first iisci
Piles, but to-day there are thousands
of followers. Freud has acknowledged
his Indebtedness to DR.. Brill by re-
ferrlng to the latter's own researches,
from which the master quotes in the
later and in the revised editions Of his
earlier works. Those who have read
freud's fasc'nat'n~ volume on forrnt-
ting, THE PsychoPathology Of Every
Day Life, VII encounter DR.. Bril- s
name quite often.
as leaders in the movement admit that.
although they came to jeer, they re-
NAMED to applaud. Even such distin-
gulshed persons as Professor James J..
Putnam, of Harvard, and DR.. Isador II.
Corlat were at first opposed TO Freud's
theories. DR.. Jelliffe and William A
White edit series of valuable pam
phlets on the subject, and also 'sThe
Psyche Analytic Review" Among
Or. Bri.ls disciples is Professor F. II.
Prescott, who published one of the first
applications of the theory to literature
in America in an essay on poetry and
dreams, which was written at Dr.
BrllPs suggestion. There are also
many students among literary men.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24

to you has been an affe
New-York tribune., 1918-02-24
BY Albert Mordell

y SYCUO~ANALYSIS has become
matter oG such importance that
John d. Rockefeller's daughter,
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09
AMERICAN RED CROSS y
ENROLL 24,c0O,0O0 SCHOOL
CHILDREN IN JUNIOR hUXILIAR|ES
To the School Children of the United States
A Proclamation

The President of the United States also President of
the American Red Cross 1t is from these Offices Joined
in one that write word of greeting at this time when
so many of you are beginning the school year.
The American Red Cross has just prepared Junior
Membership with School Activities in which every pupil in
the United States find chance to country
The school is the natural center of your life Through it
best work in the great of freedom to which
we have all pledged ourselves.
Our Junior Red Cross will bring to you opportunities
OF service to your community and to other communities all
over the world and guide service with high religious
ideals. It will teach you how order that suffer-
ing children elsewhere may have the chance live will
teach how to of the supplies which wound
ed soldiers and homeless families lack It will send you
through the Red Cross Bulletins the thrilling re-
lief and rescue. And best of all, perfectly than
through any of other school lessons you will by
dong those kind things under teachers direction be
the future good citizens of this great country which we all
love.
And commend to all school teachers in the country the
simple plan which the American Red Cross has worked out
to provide for ooperaon knowing that school
children will give their best service under the direct guidance
and Of their teachers Is not this perhaps
chance TOR which have been looking to give your time
and efforts IN some to meet national needs?
(Signed) WOODROW WILSON, President
September 49, 1917.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09

nothing else should have right Of way
in our time and thought till this one
thing is accomplished. Mr.. Frank
Crane, in the Chicago Daily News,
recently told how important it is to
DO this thing first. He says:
Eyes, I know, Peace is a grand
thing. am a pacif1st, on general
principles. But what would be the
use OF peace now, with a horde OF
5'o00,OOO .brutes, led by a bunch of
egotlstic scoundrels, stamping over
the earth with hob-nailed boots :?
We've got to lick Germany before we
can get any kind of peace ut is toll
cradle
Look at the Russians. They threw
down their arms and extended the
friendly hand to the Huns, and smiled.
and said, Nov, we'll all cult. See!
We begin 1t was a met Christian
act. What was the answer? Germany
kicked them in the face. The Ger
mans invaded their territory, burned
their towns, killed their men, robbed
them, laughed at them, lied to them.
spread the pernicious propaganda
among their people, and Russia IT,
day is a seething madhouse. So lust
hold steady awhile on socialism.
We've got to lick Germany first.
Ireland wants to be free and all
that We sympatlize with her. But
we've got to lick Germany first.
What's the good Of free Ireland.
with Germany ruling England? Does
ireland want to swap Lloyd George
for the Kaiser?
Sweden is starving. Holland and
Denmark are in straits. We'd like
to help them. But we've got to lick
Germany first.
I'VE cannot aid the Belgians to re-
build their houses and get their peo-
pie back from slavery until we lick
! Germany.
I'VE want France and Italy and Ser,
b1a and Roumania and Poland and Ar
menla rescued from the horror O;
war, from hunger and want and mas,
sacre. But we must lick Germany
| first.
Wed like ocean travel made safe
ana commerce freed from piracy but
we've got to lick Germany first
We wish our soldier boys were
pack home. We need them. Wives
mothers, sweethearts, fathers need
them. Farms and shops need them
But we've got to lick Germany first
ANY way you turn, you find we've got
to lick Germany first.
"Whatever reform you want, what.
ever nuisance should be abated. we
run up against the same prime neces.
slty: We've got to lick Germany first
Sure! It's all coming out right
We shall some day have peace on
earth and good will to men. But we've
got to lick Germany first.
Don't wait dinner for us: we cam,
be with you at the ball; and telephone
the undertaken. please, that he nee1n'
come around yet awhile. We've ius
naturally got to lick Gernnanv Rrs+ :,
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09

SIX times this amount of money ov.
pended in labor. For example one
ton OF good fertilizer will now ,.ost
ABOUT $4,000. The plant food in this
quantity when applied to three acres
OF land will give an increase of ahon1
|o0 pounds of lint cotton and 5O(l
pounds OF seed. The lint at soc ner
pound amounts to $225OO, and the
SEED at $4,000 per ton amounts tn
qoO:oo' making total of $285.OO.
rev business concerns net so ner
cent increase on money invested in
laDor, but, granting that the farmer
Will net 100 per cent on his invest.
ment IN labor, and supposing that he
pays Sl.OO per day for labor. the
$500 invested in fertilizer. when in.
vested IN labor, would net him SAG 90.
whereas, when invested in fertilizor -
gives him a net increase of s239 90
Thus it can be seen the tremendr,,,.
advantage of supplementing 1ahor
with liberal applications of nlant food
Likewise an improved piece of ma.
cn1nery that makes it possible to cu1
'lVate an acre OF cotton or corn with
perhaps half the labor ordinarily en-.
ployed, and cultivate it better. should
oe looked TO at this time as a source
oI help IN facing the labor shortage
Good seed Of a strain known tn do
well IN community will do much to
ward increasing yields, without an in.
crease of acreage.
is this not a time when the farm.
should be sure to use these three q:
makers, to the fullest extent. to
set the labor shortage?
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09

oress and living your motto?
The simpler your clothes the pre.+.
er the saving in making and launder.
ing TO dress or live extravagantlv in
! war times is not only unpatriotic II =.
| bad form.
Q. Are you cutting down on amu.e.
| ments?
recreation is necessary, but manv
amusements nowadays cost money
ana we should lend our spare money
70 the Government to be used in prac.
tlcal ways for winning the war.
y Have you more wooden clothes
than you actually need?
The war demand for wooden sweat.
ers mas only just begun If you have
any you can spare, pass them on f.
those who need them and so save
drawing on the limited supply of WOO,
10 not knit articles not needed nv vou
tnose to whom they are sent as gifts
w. DO you produce anything?
IL hot' you can, by your saving. or
oy doing without personal service he
just as useful by releasing someone
else who can produce.
II: Do you refrain from unneces
sary repairs and improvements?
DO only what is necessary tn toa,
tnlngs from going TO pieces. Don't
worry about shabbiness in war time
IL. Do you buy things which vou
do not need? ~"
remember that laying in a sunn,v
Tor the future may be good bonsa
Keeping in peace times-in war times
II is unpatTiotic, boarding. and hin.
oers the Government. Don't question
whether you can afford it, but wbethar
tne country can afford to let w,
have it. you
Is. Are you buying War savlno
Stamps, so that you can h.In ~
government with every twentx.fiv.
cents in cash you save? Can Won No.
start each child and member Of xou,
household filling a Thrift Card A. :.
War Savings Certificate?
You can buy these at everv han,
VI postohice. Remember that s41q
lnVeae> in War Savings stamns tbis.
month means $500 returned To va. in
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09

j. N. HARPER valuable com.
modify as labor: 1t must not be vast
ed Now is not the time to emplov
LABOR to clean out fence corners. and
TO 90 other kinds of the less produc.
i've work. There must be no lost mo-
tlon. Every lick must be made to
count IN answering the call of our ma
tlon and her allies, who are calling ont
70 the farmer Give us bread! Give us
clothing!"
The best way to economic labor
on the farm today is to produce more
per acre. The southern farmer will
act most nwisely if he tries to cult
Vate too much land with the present
supply of labor. A better plan would
be not to increase the acreage devoted
TO cultivated crops, but to produce
more per acre, by the use of fertiliz-
er, manure, good seed and improved
machinery, all of which will save t..
bor ID
One ton of good fertilizer will do
more work in growing crops than will
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09
POSS|P..E To LOSE THE WAR OVER HERE
As the Stayat-Home Army Thinks and Feels SO Does the
Army at the Front The War Must First be Won
Over Here

Did you know that the war could be
l0st over here as easily, or more So,
as over there? While the actual fight
Ing takes place on the fields of France,
most of that which goes into tho
fight, to win or lose it, takes place
over here.
There are hundreds of WAYS in
which America can lose out in win
nlng the war and 80 per cent of these
are dependent upon those who stay
at home. The stay-at-home armv
largely determines whether the armv
at the front loses or wins. In the
nfst place, the soldiers over there
must have supplies and must have
tnese in sufficient quantity and quail
Hy TO make them the most efficient
hghtlng men possible. They must
nave clothing of the proper texture
summer and winter to protect them
and yet not cucumber them. They
must nave mental and moral recrea-
zion, but above all else, they must
nave that courage of the soul, known
as morale, that comes from the neo.
pie at home.
AS the army feels over here. 40 II
reels over there. AS strong as grows
us determination to win over here. so
determined are they to win over
there. Whatever is done, said or
feft over here has it's effect over
there. Therefor, it behooves everv
American citizen, American soldier
tnat ne himself is, as ready to max
sacrlhces as to expect it of them. and
that he himself is, as ready to make
OF the Government as they who gave
up their homes and loved ones and
onered themselves to their countrv's
cause
PROBABLY the greatest call that has
come to the people of this country is
TO save and serve. Every Individual
mas been called on to practice econ.
omy and refrain from spending money
TOT thlngs not essential to health and
efficiency, not only that the Govern.
ment may have all surplus money tn
nnance the war but that labor engap.
ed in the making Of these things NAV
be released for making material need.
Cd to win the war. The person who
does without, who saves his money
where he used to spend it, who makes
personal sacrifices for his ceuntrys
sake, is indeed today the real true
patriot He is rendering a service in
keeping with that of the soldier at
the front. On the other hand, he
who Is selfish and insists on living as
ne did before the war, who criticises
the Government, who has not time for
war work, who needs no call. of the
Government,-he is a greater enemv
than the Hun across No Mans Land
IN fact, if America loses in the war il
Will be her enemies over here and
. not over there that made losing DOS
sible.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09
HUVV YUU MAY HELP To WIN THE WAR
which ct these Practical Ways of Savings To Win
The War Are You USING?

Many people want to do somethipg
70 help win the war, but say they
oont know what to do: To helm
1nose persons to consider ways in
which they can release labor and ma.
terlal as well as save and earn MONEY
co invest IN War Savings Stamps, and
get per cent compound interest for
1t, is the purpose of the followinp
questions:
L DO you put out all unnecessary
lights and burn as little wood and
coal as possible?
Coal is needed to run railroad an.
glnes to drive big ships, and to make
our manufactures. Save it by using
all the daylight and sunlight possible
z. Do you avoid overheated rooms
In winter by keeping temperature in
your house down to SO or 70 degrees ?
rms saves heat and improves
nealth. Try it this winter and see
how much freer from colds your fam.
lily will be.
.. DO you avoid unnecessary travel?
the Government has already called
upon citizens to take no unnecessary
trips On railroads. The railroads are
needed for war service, both passen.
ger and freight. Think before YOU go,
a: Do you save gasoline, rubber, end
skilled labor by cutting out all unnec-
essary use of motor cars?
Gasoline is one of the most imnor.
tant war supplies. Every gallon
counts. Rubber is also in demand
Chauffeurs are needed on Government
work.
5. Do you, save the time Of YOUR
friends and the labor of the telephone
company by cutting out unnecessary
Telephone conversations?
Later we may be asked to avoid
all but business and emergency calls
between certain hours. The Govern
meat Leeds the telephone in it's war
WORK Let us keep off the lines!
8. DO you buy only clothing that is
necessary, and which will wear we'll?
Are you wearing out your old thInzs?
By SO doing you are saving labor
and material that should be EMPLOYED
for war work.
Jackson County journal. (Sylva, N.C.) 19??-19??, 1918-08-09
CAUGHT COLD AT PALM BEACH

CAUGHT COLD AT PALM BEACH
Southern climate is no protection
against snmmer colds. Helen k
saunders, GIG End Ave-, w. Palm
oeach. Fla, writes: MY severe cold
III the chest was relieved by Foleyis
-lohey and Tar Compound" This
line old family remedy can be de-
pended upon to relieve summer
colds, hay fever, asthma and Group.
sold by Sylvia Pharmacy. adv.