Greene County herald., 1918-10-25
Tests Are Applied From Country
Elevators to Holds of Trans
atlantic Liners.
BEST WHEAT GIVEN PREMIUM
Department Of Agriculture Has Made
Study of Marketing and Grading
Practices--War Necessitated
Some Changes.

From country elevators to the hold
of q transatlantic liner wheat and
corn destined for the army and the al.
mills and terminal markets is handled
on grades fixed and applied under
federal supervision. The inspection of
wheat and shelled corn is under the
direction of the United States depart
ment of agriculture, with licensed in
spectors located at small markets, ter
minals or at the seaboard and the
standards in use are the same at all in
spectfon points. Before federal grades
were in effect there was little uni
formity in grain standards at the diff
ferent markets such as now exists
throughout the United States.
in the past grain was often graded
at country points on the basis of an
average for the crop which placed the
best grain In lower grades than 1t de-
served. Now grower of the best
wheat receives premium. even under
fixed prices, for his extra care in pro-
ducing it. Thus federal standards pro-
Niuc piciniuhl biuucS loA 6iuih "a ou-
perior quality.
How Grades Were Made.
Before the passage Of the United
States grain standards act complaints
were received from foreign buyers and
buyers of grain located outside the
gfain-producing sections of the United
States, stating that grain purchased
frequently did not conform to the
grade specifications for which their
contracts called. For over ten years
the department of agriculture has
made q study Of grain marketing and
grain grading practices throughout
the United States and in foreign trade,
obtained samples of many shipments,
and devised apparatus for the me-
chanicaI determination Of grading fac
tors. Before the official grain stand
ards We're adopted they were submitted
tc representatives of producers and to
the grain trade for suggestions and
criticisms, and the standards were de-
clded upon after all phases of market
ing were considered so that no single
interest would be favored at the ex-
pense of any other interest.
Grades Revised for Wheat.
Because of the abnormal conditions
In the grain trade, due to the war and
the resulting fixed prices for wheat,
certain changes in wheat grades were
suggested. A series of five hearings
were held during March of this year
to receive suggestions from interested
persons on the proposed revision of
the official standards for wheat. Out
of these hearings and the practical
experience in supervising the applica-
ton Of the standards the grades were
revised to have effect July 15. 1918.
The changes were all Ia the nature of
percentage of grains other than wheat,
increase In the amount Of Foreign
material present within eaen grade,
and minor chcnges in definitions OF
cIasses and grades. Increased percent
ages of moisture were allowed In sew
eraI grndes, reduction In test weight
per bushel was made in some in
stances. and more damaged and heat
damaged kernels allowed in some
grades.
How Grades Are Applied.
The bureau Of markets Of the de
nartment OF agriculture now main
fn,ns rs lonag Offices at the principa
Grain q arkets TO supervise the grad