Evening journal., 1918-06-28
Regulations Respecting the Laws and
Customs Of War on Land.

customs or War on Land.
ART. 1.-The laws, rights and dutie:
Of war apply not only 20 armies, bu
also 10 militia and volunteer corps, full
filling the following conditions:
4. To be commanded by a person re
sponsible for his subordinates;
2 To have fixed distinctive EN-
blem recognizable at a distance;
3. To carry arms openly; and
a. To conduct their operations II
accordance with the laws and custom:
Of war.
In countries where militia or vOlun'
teer corps constitute the army, or form
Do. . Il, they are included under th'
denomination "army."
ART. 2.-The inhabitants OF a terri
tory which has not been occupied, who
on the approach Of the enemy, spon'
taneOusly take up arms to resist the
invading troops without having time
20 organize themselves In accordance
with Article 4, shall be regarded as bel.
lgerents II they carry arms openly anc
n they respect the laws and custom;
OF war
ART. 3.-The armed forces OF the bel
ligerent parties may consist OF combat
ants. In the case Of capture by ths
enemy, both have a right to be treated
as prisoners OF war.
ART. 4.-Prisoners Of war are In the
power OF the hostile government, but
not Of the individuals Of corps whc
capture them.
They must be humanely treated.
All their personal belongings, exoep'
arms, horses, and military papers, re-
main their property.
ART. THE government into whose
hands prisoners Of war have fallen Is
charged with their maintenance.
In the absence Of a special agreement
between the belllgerents, prisoners o.
war shall be treated as regards board
lodging. and clothing on the same foot
ing as the troops OF the government
who captured them.
ART. 22.-The right OF belligerents 70
adopt means Of injuring the enemy Is
not unlimited.
ART. 23-In additiop to the prohi-
billions provided by special conventions
A. is especially forbidden:
a. To employ poison or poisoned
weapons;
g To kill or wound an enemy who
having laid down his arms, or having
no longer means OF defe'se, mas sur
rendered at discretion; go,
d. To declare that no quarter VIII
be given; .-.,,.- %,
TO employ arms, proiectlles, OF
material calculated TO cause uhhe0es-
sary suffering; a.
Z To make improper use OF mas
Of truce. OF the national flag or OF the
military insignia and uniform OF the
enemy. as well as the distinctive badges
Of the Geneva convention.
2 To destroy. or seize the enemy
property. unless such destruction OF
seizure be imperatively DEMANDED DS
the necessities Of war
h.. A belligerent is likewise forDidden
70 compel the nationals OF the hostile
marty 10 take part in the operations oi
war directed against their own coun-
trv. even II they were in the belliger-
ent's service before the commencement
Of the war. ,..
ART. 25.-The attack or bombsrdment
bv whatever means, OF towns, villages
dwellings. or buildings which are uh-
defended is prohibited.
ART. 26.-The officer in command oi
an attacking force must, before com
mencipg a bombardment, except 10
eases Of assault, do all in his power 10
warn the authorities. ,.
ART. 27-In sleges and bombardments
all necessary steps must DC taken 10
snare. as far as possible. buildings de-
dicsted 10 religion, art. science, or char-
uable nurposes, historic monuments