, 1918-01-17

man armies unless the submarine peril
Is effectively countered; and this, too,
must be the work of America.
Either active measures against the
submarines, or against the bases from
which they operate, must be carried
out, or the shipbuilding capacity of the
world must be increased far beyond
anything hitherto dreamed of. 1t is IN
safe to count upon the success of coun-
te%r-submarlne work, though here, too,
the United States will be able to help.
What must be lone is to build more
ships, and America must shoulder the
lions share of this work. There are
not in Great Britain either materials
or labor to increase beyond a certain
percentage the output of tonnage. And
that percentage in the light of the sink
ings now going on is not enough. But
In the United States there are material
and labor enough to build more ships
than the Germans can possibly sink in
the two years for which Hindenburg
can count upon maintaining his mill
tary resistance.
Money Is Vital.
The question of money is equally vi
tai. Germany and her allies are self
contained and the little purchasing
they are able to do in adjoining neu-
trail countries is carried out on a gold
basis. But within their borders,
their paper is good so long as their
well-disciplined and patriotic peoples
will accept 1t; their difficulties during
the war center around shortage of ma
terials, not of credits. The entente is
in u different position; its credit must
be maintained, and this task has hith-
erto rested upon the shoulders of Great
Britain. Whether the burden could
have been borne longer than the pres
ent year is doubtful, l have been as
sured by eminent financial authorities /;
1t has now been transferred to the
shoulders of Uncle Sam. Here Amer
lea has given immediate and all-im-
portant help already, and is evidently
prepared to pass out the dollars with
out stint as long as may be necessary.
An inordinate amount of nonsense has
been talked about the food shortage In
Germany, to the great advantage of the
German cause. Information here CO.
incides with that of Hoover and Ge-
rard there is little chance hat Ger
many can be starved out for two years
but there is n fallacious argument cur
rent that has doubtless reached the
United States, and may do much harm
In convincing the public that the war
cannot last long enough for American
help to be of much assistance.
Admittedly, 1t is said, the German
people are suffering greater hardships
now than are the British or French.
Since they mo import food, their
situation must grow constantly worse.
1t is absurd, then, to talk about starv-
ing England out, because the privations
of the Germans will go on getting
worse as the English feel the pinch of
hunger more and more, and obviously
the people to succumb to starvation
first, will be the people who first be
gan TO starve.
Reasoning Is Unsound.
This reasoning is quite unsound.
Germany knew at the beginning of the
war that for so long as the struggle
might last she would be unable to i'm
port much food from the outside world.
Her measures from the start have been
taken with q view to enabling her PEG
pie to hold out. She knows down to
the last bushel and the last pound just
how much grain and meat there is in
the country. From the battle of the
User, when the war settled down to n
struggle of endurance, every possible
measure has been taken to increase
food production. There has been NJ
waste. The German authorities today
know, within the limits imposed by
the variability of the harvests, what ra-
tons they car dole out for the rest of
this year, in 1918, and possibly even in
1919; and they have up their sleeves
n powerful trump card. They can If
really reduced to starvation evacuate
into the enemy lines the 100000 in
habitants of the conquered territories,
retaining only men who can be forced
to labor effectively, and the produce
of these lands, the food these 15,000,-
600 would have eaten, can be con-
sumed by Germans while the burden
of feeding gigantic armies of refugees
Is cast Upon the entente.
In England, on the other hand, the
submarine menace to the food supplies
was not taken seriously until this year.
Measures to put into cultivation mead
ows and game preserves have only re-
Gently been taken, and the recruiting of
n large part of the ~able-bodled farm
ing population makes the success of
these belated efforts extremely profile
NAUTICAL. Until the harvest of 1918,
Great Britain will be entirely Deepen
len upon shipping for three-quarters
of her food. The German hope is that
the pinch will begin to be felt so keenly
that ships must be diverted from the
munition and transport services to