davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1918-02-08
Who Is Paying for the War?
BY JOHN R. COMMONS, Professor of Political Economy
University of Wisconsin.

The government is trying to cut
down excess profits. AS fast as pos
sible it is reducing the prices that pro-
ducers are permitted to charge.
This has been done for iron, steel
and almost everything else that the
government buys.
1t is hard to do this and yet not
discourage production. We must have
an enormous increase of food, cloth
ing, munitions and other necessities
during the war.
But the government is doing this
in the only way possible. 1t calls IN
the representatives of labor named by
the American Federation of Labor,
and the representatives of the manu-
facturers and farmers. The American
Federation of Labor wanted the price
of wheat fixed at $1.S4 bushel. The
farm mors wanted $3.50. They COM
promised on $220 bushel.
This is the way it is done, for coal
and other essentials which the peo-
pie must buy. If the price is cut too
low then wages cannot be paid; and
if there are no profits, che thing will
not be produced in sufficient quanti-
ties.
The Rise in Wages.
Increased cost of living always goes
along with wars. But here is some
thing to remember:-the outbreak of
wa, in 1914 brought an increased de-
mand for labor, at a time of great in
dustrial depression in this country.
The demand of the Allies for muni-
tions, equipment, ard food, set every
body to work in the United States.
Immediately also wages began to rise
They went up fastest and highest in
the industries that furnished munl-
tions to the Allies. The employees of
the United States Steel Corporation
have had an increase of go per cent
in their rates of wages, and when to
this is added steady employment, their
earnings by the week or year have
gone up far beyond 60 per cent.
In the state of New York-the only
state where statistics have been col
lected on a large scale-the earnings
of all factory wage-earners throughout
the entire state have risen, on an
average, over 38 per cent since June
1914. In some of the metal and ma
chinery industries, they have more
than doubled
Nobody can give exact figures, but
the cost of Hving-taking everything
into account-has gone up about 80
to 40 per cent Food has gone up more
than that-47 per cent, according to
figures of retail prices collected by
the Federal Department of Labor.
But food is something less than half
of the workingman' expenses. Other
expenses, such as rent, have not gone
up so much Taking into account the
increased amount of work and the in
crease in wages, the total earnings of
wage-earners have about kept up with
the cost of living. Some have gone
far ahead others have not kept up.
Those who have gained most are COM
mon laborers and organized labor.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1918-02-08

A,o.Duu, luusL expect hardships
from war. The greatest hardship is
on the boys who go to the front. No
body can ever pay them what they
are worth to the nation.
But our nation is doing the next
best thing. We have more than dou,
the war The dollar a day, besides
food, clothing, and expenses, which
they now get while training and fight
British soldier gets, eighteen times as
much as the French, and nine times
as much as the German.
Besides, if they are disabled, the
government cOmpensates them for the
rest of their lives, by giving them as
high as 800 a month if totally dis
abled, in addition to teaching them
new trades, if necessary, SO that they
can make a living.
Next to the boys at the front, the
greatest hardship is on their families.
Those families can never be paid what
the boys are worth to them. But the
nation does the next best thing. While
they are serving their country it pays
their families according to the num-
Der of children. In case of death it
pays the family the compensation the
boy would get after the war if he were
disabled and it furnishes as high as
$4,000 life insurance at less than half
what an insurance company charges in
time of peace, and permits him to con
tinue it after the war at substantially
the same rate.
The next great hardship is taxes.
In former wars our government taxed
food and almost everything the peo-
pie used. In this war it is taxing only
liquor, tobacco, patent medicines, lux
uries, amusements, new insurance
premiums, business documents, trans
portations and postage.
Taxation of Big Incomes.
Two-thirds of the people pay but
very little extra taxes directly to sup
port the war. The other one-third
of the people are taxed on incomes
and excess war profits.
In the Civil War the income tax was
8 per cent to Is per cent, and every
income as low as $500 was taxed. In
this war, three different income taxes
are piled on top of each other, so that
an income of $4,000 pays $40, and in
come of $1,000000 pays $475,000 and
larger incomes pay nearly 60 per cent
But no income of a married man
less than $4,000 is taxed at all, and
none less than $1,000 for an unmarried
man. No workingman with a family
pays an income tax.
The largest incomes, on the other
hand, are not yet taxed as much as
they can stand A corporation pays
two taxes-an excess profit tax that
is said to average about one-fourth the
profits above 9 per cent on it's capital
and an income tax of 6 per cent on
what is left Our government has call
ed in the leading tax experts of the
corntry 20 work on this problem.
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1918-02-08
Wood is War Fuel. Cut 1t and
and Burn 1t

The nationwide coal shortage seems
likely to continue for many months
and perhaps longer. Next winter, If
the war continues, will see even great
er shortage in certain sections at least
This is a national problem, and here
lin Forest county we can do much to
help the situation by providing our
|bwn fuel from the unlimited supply of
wood nearby.
Farmers and settlers over upper Wis
|consin and sister states are urged to
cut as much as. they can. This is not
|onlv for this winter but for next winter
las well. Dry wood is at a premium
and cannot be purchased at any price
in proportion to the demand. Waste
occurs from the burning of so much
green wood, and in addition, when this
lis shipped the tonnage is much greater,
thus increasing the problem of trans
portation.
Forest County folks are especially
urged to look ahead and see that fuel
supplies are ample for next year. Now
lis is the time to make wood. Now is
the time to order for next year. Cut a
cord and help win the war,
Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1918-02-08
Eat More Potatoes

1t is patriotic and it is healthful to
eat more potatoes We eat but q or 3
bushels per capita. Why not more? Use
potatoes to save wheat Use them
because they are cheap. Try new way
1t is claimed that there are more than
100 ways. to cook potatoes, from the more
primitive (and still probably the best)
methods of boiling or baking with the
skins on, to the most complex and sea-
son dishes. Here are are some ways:
Boiled, lyonaaise, baked, mash fried,
riced, creamed, chips, mashed, salad,
shoestring, stuffed, in hash, croquettes,
plain and french fried, in chowder, in
stews, au gratin, etc.
Save wheat. Use potatoes; they're
cheap.
JOHN SWEETHEART,
Forest County Agricultural Representative
The spectator., 1918-10-25
Mountain Top.

Health is very good in this vicinity
 5. $, has gone dead again.
 Rev. Mcqueen will preach at Hickory Grove Sunday Oct, 20.
 l think here will be plenty of tnrnipS in these parts as must every family has a nice patch if frost stays off while.
 ( tton D ickinE is about over on the mountain as there was not much raised.
 Mr. Bud Nichol and wife have moved back to their farm close to Oak Grove.
 Mir. Graham has movead on the Horn Casy place.
 We are sorry to lose Mir. and Mrs. Bud Nichols from this part as they were good people.
 Hogs are dying in these parts.
 Mir. A. J. Tubb lost a fine heifer some time ago.
 We are sorry that MT. Tubh and family are going to move to the valley for they are good people and we sure will mss them
 Misses Lula and Nettie Cair Jeff Thursday for Russiville they will visit several weeks be- fore returning home.
 Some few have gathered corn and find it very good. If this misses the waste paper basket l will write more next time.
 Mr. Jason Brooks and children were home from the valley Sat. urday and Sunday. JACK FROST
The spectator., 1918-10-25

Tho cxpectant mothers physical comfort should be our first thought, and all about her should sec to 1t that her preparation for baby's coming be complete.
 There is most splendid remedy to pro pare women for the greatest time in their lives. known as Mothers Friend. It Is ap- piled to the muscles of the abdomen. gently rubbed in, and at once penetratcs to relieve strain on nerves, cords and ligaments. It makes the muscles SO pliant that they ex- pand easily when baby arrives; the hours at the time are fewer, and pain and danger at the crisis is naturally avoided.
 Mothers Friend enables the mother to preserve her health and strength, and sha remains a pretty mother by havi ,g avoided discomfort and suffering which more often than otherwise accompanies such an occa- sion when nature Is upaided. Every nerve. muscle and tendon Is thoroughly fabricated. Discomfort during tho period Is counter acted. and the skin. rfter the crisis. 'N left smooth and natural
 Write to the Brauhcld Regulator Com pany. Dept. B.. Lamar Building. Atlanta. Georgia, for their Motherhood Book, and ob- tain bottle of Mothers Friend from tho drug store today without fail.
The spectator., 1918-10-25

For Salr-Duroc,.jersey Pig thoroughbred SIS each See. Garland Nichols Ozark Ark k ,
 J. H Deshazo was in town todl} W.th d load of fine ripe tomat.es and green beans.
 iief " Harris of AI.as wa in Oltrb ne ii .st of the week aud made #Gs q visit.
 Mrs. MIiard Bachmaa return ed saturday from visit with relatives South of the river.
 Mrs. John Peterson died this week. She ayes q husband and four sma3 children.
The spectator., 1918-10-25
Mortgage Sale

NOTICE Is hereby given that by vlr- tue of q certain mortgage executed by S f. Rewards and his wife, \, f. Ed Wards. to the undersigned. the same being on record itl record book |" "4i D. 95 in the rrcord- CTS office of Franklin county, Ark. ot the Ozark district, upon the following de e$cribed lands situated i'll said dis trict, county, and state. to-wIt:
 The South West Quarter of th South East Quarter of Section Fifteen U5l in Township Eleven llil North Range l~ euty eight 2S) West ahu the Northeast Quarter of the North east Quarter of Section Twenty t22) i'll township E!rvenQD North, Range Twenty, y,elght(28) West. and a part of the North West Quarter of the North Quarter of Section Twenty two (22l Ill Towuship Eleven lly North, Range Twenty eight l2SJ West. con taining 100 acres, more or less, that said mortgage having been gwen tO secure the payment ot two certain promisaury notes of same date. long past due and partially unpaid, anu the said A r. Edwards having seeased aud rellnqulshed her rights ot dover and homestead ia and 10 the said lands l. the undersigned mortguger. will. ou the 1th day of November. l9lS, with in the hours for such sales. offer for sale and sell the said lands or so much thereof as will satisfy the indebted ness due thereon anu the costs and m- terest as well, to the highest and best bidder. for cash, at the front entrance of the county court house of the afolr- said district.
 @Witness my hand this 27th day o1 Sept, 1915.
 A C. Edwards,
 Mortgagee.
 Expires Oct 2J
The spectator., 1918-10-25
ALTUS

J. L. Moseley has bought an interest in the Dixon coal mines.
 Mrs. J. B. Phillips is reported sick.
 Mrs. Galena, wife of one of our barbers, died the 21st.
 Dr. Williams has located in Altus and Dr. Vaught in Denning. There are five doc- tors here now and all busy an swering Flu" calls.
 Ed Brashears' baby died last week and was buried in the Lib erty cemetery.
 Nelse Peterson, brother of John Peterson, died in some camp in F, ance last week.
 Mir. and Mrs. Geo. Coffeeman have returned to their home at Altus his friends regrut to konw that he is in poor health.
 J. w. Ingrom and family left Friday for Jenny Lind where Mir. Ingram will take MT. Golf eeman's place as manager of Western Coal and Mining Co.'S. store.
 The Methodist parousage is remobbled preparatory to calling a nastor Mhe n nfarancn maats
The spectator., 1918-10-25
FOR AMENDMENT NO. iS. AGAINST AMENDMENT NO. lS

Be IL Resolved hy the House sf Rcr- resentatives and the Senate of th" stste of Arkansas. the Majority of nota Houses Agreeing Theretoi
 That the following is hereby pro posed as an amendment to the Consti- ution of the State of Arkansas. ahd the same being submitted to the cleo ors of the State for approval or Ie- ioetion at the next general slectlou for senators and Represent ativss. If majority Of the electors voting at sueh election adopt such amendment. the same shall become part of the Con -tttution Of the State sf Arkansas. to wit.
 Section | Notwithstanding the linn ..attou contained in Section l of Arti- 'c l6 of the Constitution. tho credit F tH, S'Ate may bs loaned and In l.-ttetinpss incur ed to an amount net .t.ociin. two per cont of the asssss-
 ! valuation of all the property In the '.r- for thr purpose Of providing .uls to be loaned upon tse security
 t#.um lands within the State, subject
 the nm!tutions herein contained
 See 2. The Governor. Secretary of
 fte and State Land Commissioner all constitute the State Land Board llch board Is hereby authorized and Hr.cted to issue and sell or pledge roud- in the name of the state. to DC Bonds" in an amount not to exceed 'vc per cent of the assessed valuatio 4r ail tho property in the State. and 10 place tn. proceeds in the State Treasury in fund Co he known as th q NfEansas Rural Credits Loan Fund"
 See : Said bond shall be issued
 denominations of s.5oe, lfoo. co. no oo and 31.ooo %. and shah be Is ,u,d in series of sl0,o0o,0o or nulti- 7les thereof, drawn to maturS in not uore than thirty-siN years. nor shall aid bonds he sold until application : 'fom bona nde pu. Chasers of land az gregating sloooo GO have been filed With and approved by the State Land ot the rate of four per cent per an .um. and shall be exempt from tax
 ion by the state of Arkansas. or any # its subdivisions
 Sec. { Said State Land Board ts au- ,horized and directed to loan the mon - cvs in said Arkansas Rural Credit g Loan Fund to bona ads purchasers Of 'arm lands in Arkansas. upon notss SC ured hy mortgages or deeds of trust orstituting nrS liens on such farm cod seventy Ave per cent Of tho ap- tratsed value of such lands The cred of the State shall not be loaned to my person to purchase more than so ,rres of land, nor land valued at nor c Ian s6ooo per acre Nor shall . loan v lees than se00 oo nor moro thaa 0l = 1no no he made to any purchaser of lnni
 sNFt . sTuCF tthn~ Antli not pe ma ~ . ..Vccpt to owners who "operste" and 'occupv" '0ndS mortCaged snd ,hali
 made for the following purposss, a Tho pprmtut for lands purchsred: 'hl tto pUrchase of live stock snd oth Q ,r "AufHns nt and the making os i'm aruvempD'v which. in the Judgment of safd bonrs will tncreaFe inc pro1uo- ,ivttv or such lands or add to thslv value as Q farm horae in a degree ts Sst,fy soah exRsnciturs, asA (s) -
The spectator., 1918-10-25
PROPOSED LEGIsr.ATIvE AMEHD
 WENT.
rrop..ed Cs.sti-ut'op., A.ssA0e.'
 No. l5.

Providing credit of State may b ,,aned and indebtedness incurred to ai amount not exceeding two per cent Q ,he assessed valuation of property t State for the purpose of providine funds to be loaned upon the security of farm lands within the State or mak Ing farm loans providing Governor Secretary Of state and State Land Com missioner shall constitute State Ian, Bosrd having authority to sell bond n name of State. place money In Stat Treasury and loan money to bona hd' purchasers If farm lands in Arkansas md prescribing manner in which sue
 ans shall be made and repaid; del' .ating to the Legislature the authorii 10 provide for carrying out, administer irg and sareguai ding the provisions ' this smendment: providing all proN's Ions of the Constitut!on of Arkansn in conflict with this amendment a. repealed.
The spectator., 1918-10-25

prsDsssA csHstitu tieaal A0saA0sat No, 1%.
 Ds It Resolved by the Senate aud Hssse sf Representatives sf the State sf Arksnsas. the Majority si Beth Houses Agreeing Therefor
 That the following is hereby pro psscd as an amen dmsnt to the Con sutstion of the State of Arkansas. and the saws being submitted to tho slsc- tors sf the State for approval CT re- for Senators and Representatives. it n majority of the electors voting at such election adopt such amendment the same shall become part of the Con sttutien of the State of Arkansas. to wit:
 That Sections 2 and , sf Article I of tho Constitution of the State of Ar kansas be amended to read as follows:
 The Supreme Court shall be compos cd of seven Judges. one of whom shall De styled Chief Justice and elected u> such. In the consideration and decis on of cases, all Judges may sit or tn Nourt may be divided into two divis 'ons, and the decision of each of sa' ! 'iNtstons shall be the siou of IL 'oart. The Chief Justice shall asst Htee of the Associate Justices to c;a' itEision. and he may change such :. S'"nments from time to time. and t k oelate Justices may tnterChatfs with each other by agreement soaoo themselves The concurrence Of a. Judges shnll be necessary 10 Y drei ion in either division. When tf5 'ouit Is sitting In banc. the Chief l4s Ice shall preside. and the concurr..n, f four shall be necessary Co a dscls lon. The Chief Justice shall aIiot r. ases 10 tho divisions, and he ma" os Ter any case to be decided or reCor d-red bv the count In hlnc r Nhisf Justice may sit in either ftVtSin' nd shall preside when so si'tir@ f} Judges of each division sh1ll "lcrs rEeafaing Judge for that dieistHn wh thhlI preside when the Chief Justice uot situng in that division. Y q '5ter Justice Ia absent from the Gafaa 'Ne sruior Judge present shall pet.ofe Us duties.
 T' Governor shaN appoint the tw.
 AIi,tonsl Judges provided for Iarsh . ans ot whom shall hold oftae" uu9} l# ,1ccessor is elected at the =srN Il "'e# 'tou for State officers In 1929. m .uaItfes. and one of whom 8 oil t'' afflcc until his successor is elected a ,ha general electior. for State office .r ta24 and qua lihes
 Approved bv the Governor And c'as n 04o. office Of tho Secretary of Stats ,runnry r, 19tT
 Each -lector may vote for ov again .flr ahovc amendment.
 Witness my official signature thts he 9th day of April. 1ats
 fSsall TOM j. TERRAl..
 Secretary of Stat
The spectator., 1918-10-25
96 Ed. kindricks, 93 Virgil NJ. LOVett 100 A. H. ChancV.

96 Ed. kindricks, 93 Virgil NJ. Lovett 100 A. H. Chancy.
 There is one feature of this .errible world war that smust not be overlooked or treated lightly and that is the Moral and Comfort of our boys in arms. The money we rais in this cam ,agin is as essential as that rais- ed for buying shells. Which is worse? Vice or Bullets. A liberal amount of literature will be distributed and we would be pleased to have letters of en- courgement and advice from anyone.
 Our campaign headquarters are located in room Mo- ? West end of the Masonic Temple where we will be glad to give any in- formation and literature to those who will call.
 When the boys come home thev will looi; the records of our deeds, Will they bear inspection.
 Me For The Boys.
 w. C. Bill.
 Chairman Norfh Franklin,
 United War Work
The spectator., 1918-10-25

Argus Nichols is back from Braggs, Okla. on a visit with relatives and friends.
 Mrs. Rosa Childers was called here last week from Stigler. Okla. by the illness of her daugh- ter-in- law, Mrs. Dennis Childers.
 Mrs. Edgar Anderson has moved here from Charleston and is stopping with MT. and Mrs. Harley Russell.
 ! Mir. and Mrs. c. c. Smith an- nouuce the arreval of a grand daughter. The new arrival is the daughter of Mir. and Mrs. 1 Cabe Edwards s l.2 lbs weight.
 Miss Nell Garrett came last Saturday from Ft. Smith to be with her sister, Miss Eita, who has been critically i'll from inhu- enZa
 Prof. Stokes Milton has been engaged to teach the Denning school. and went down the first of the week to make the final arrangements for the opening
 Gervis Nixon stopped off last Friday to visit his mother Mrs. $. l. R0sson. He was en-route from the aVation field at Dallas. Texas tN lOnake.
 All parties owing me either notes or accounts w Il please call at Peoples Bank Ozark. Ark and settle. Parties failing to io so will be seen at an extra eX. penSe as 1 cannot see you per sonallv. r. l., DickerSon i 1O.223
 Dave Nichols has the contract 1 from the county for the building of two concrete culverts between ! Ozark ani Altus. That puts the finishing touches on a road that is used more than any road out of Ozark. They are mighty 1 fine mprovements over the old wooden bridges.
 Mr. and Mrs. Dunham ard children left Friday night for Nash vile. Tenn. When Mir. Dun ham will work in the Dnnoint powder tactory. IL will he re membered that the Alliance or 2anation sent them here to con duct a bible school at Manitau Springs after giving up a good position and making an eXpeu sive trip from Georgia.
 Splendid work has been done on the road leading out of Ozark to Altus by private subscristions and donated work. The road has been substantially built and will stand the wear of winter weath- er. A. !. Tubbs bossed the job and had the help of some of the good road workers If you want to do the thing that will help your country and town get be hind the good road builders with your work and money.
The spectator., 1918-10-25
Political Announcements

We are authorized to announce w II. ARLINGTON as a candidate for Sher- if of Franklin County subject to the general election Nov 9th.
 We are authorized to announce VA DER STEWART as candidate for Circuit Clerk of Franklin county subject to the general election. Nov. 3
The spectator., 1918-10-25
Rheumatism Back on the Job,
 With its Old-time Fury

tion, and routs out the disease germs, can rid you of this disabling disease.
 s. s. s. has given some wonderful results in treating Rheumatism. Be- ing a purely vegetable blood remedy, it purifes the blood of every germ, and thus removes the cause of Rheu- matism. Get bottle to-day at your drugstore, and start on the right treatment that will get results. Free advice about your case can be had by writing to Medical Director, 26 Swift Laboratory, Atlanta, Ga.
The spectator., 1918-10-25
Stats U, Oti0 City of Toledo,
 | HaaL 'glpY.t .t

Stats o, Ok,o City of Toledo.
 Lucas County, ss
 Prank J. Cheney makes oath that he is senior partner Of the firm of F. J. Chei.ey & Cc, dJHs business in the City Of To;cd Iounty and State aforesaid. ana that sad 0rG. wlll pay the sum of ONE lit NDEID DOLLARS for each ana every case ot Cata,rh that cannot be cured oy the uS= ot II ALL'S CArARRH MEDICTSE. Fl! MI ! CHENEY. sworn Co before lca and subscribed In my presence this tth day of December, 4 D lss6 A. w. GLEASON.
 1Se,n Notary Public. Hall ? ,~atacrn Medicine IS taken in" rL"liy :, ;4 acts through the Blood on thu Mucous Surfaces ot the system. Send for restimon;rls. free
 r | CHENEY '' co. Tairtio. S;. Solo '.' s|i 7tuesla'. ,dC.
 ~. ..lt t.-rE
The spectator., 1918-10-25
No Let-Up In Its Torture.

Pretty soon you will be reaching for the liniment bottle again, for the millions of little pain demons that cause Rheumatism are on the war path. Winter weather seems to awak- en them to renewed fury.
 But your Rheumatism cannot be rubbed away, because liniments and lotions cannot reach the disease. It is in the blood, and only 8 remedy that goes deep down into the circuis-
The spectator., 1918-10-25
Warning Order

In the Chancery Court of Franklin. County. Ark
 Grace Crouch. Plaintiff J. il. crouch, Defendant. The defendant, j II, Crouch. Is warned to appear in thls court within thirty days and answer the complaint of the plaintiff, Grace Crouch.
 Witness my hand and the seal of sad court thls 10th day Oi Oct, 1918. tsEAL ELMO HUNTER, Cier1 G. C. Garter. Atty. Ad Lltem.
 Expires Nov. lst.