davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Gave Their Blood
Early in Present War

Despite this dispersion Of their
forces the Poles succeeded in making
their presence in the French army felt
IN gratifying fashion. The company
from the camp near Bayonne, carrying
beside the tricolor a Polish flag which
women of Bayonne had made for them.
was soon engaged upon the battle line.
On November 20, 1914, that company
stormed a German trench and planted
thereon their flag, though a gallant
engineer, Ladislas Szuyski, who had
come from Cracow to fight, was killed.
He was not the first Polish martyr in
he cause. On November z there had
fallen in battle DR.. Jean Danysz, the
eldest son Of the savant of the Pasteur
institute. who had issued the first call
for Polish volunteers. The second and
third sons, Stephane and Bronislas
Danysz, were wounded and commended
IN orders of the day.
a Polish company under Commander
Nolret was detailed to lead an attack
upon the Germans north of Arras, on
May 8, 1915, They gained foothold
IN the fourth line, where they clung
desperately, H though Commander Noiret,
Coionel Pain and most Of the other
officers and many of the men We're
slain. The survivors of this achieve
ment were the next day summoned by
the commanding general to step for
ward from the ranks; whereupon he
thanked them and then had the other
troops detile before them and salute.
One of the earliest Of the MANY
achievements of the Poles in this war
was that of a young artillery officer,
l.ewlcki oby name, at Schirmek. in Oc-
tober, 1914. &"He was" saws one who
was an eyewitness of the affair IN
gunner. From the very be-
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

ginning of tho action he personally
aimed his rs field piece, and did
wonders with every shot. An explod-
ing shell badly wounded his left arm.
but did not stop him, and despite the
flowing blood he again addressed him
sian she'll wrecked his cannon and
crushed both his legs to pulp. Though
mortally wounded, he bade his COM
lades carry him to another part of the
field, where there was another cannon
which was shooting badly, so that he
could improve its shooting before he
died" In such fashion have honored
names been added to the immortal ros-
ter Of tho sons Of Poland who have
fought and died for France-Dombrow-
ski, Budzinski, Czaykowski, Galezow-
their compeers.
While thus the young men Of the
Polish race were distinguishing them
selves and serving the cause of hu-
n,anity on the battle front, their elders
and the women Of their race were no
less busy and efficient in other dircc-
tions. Time, labor and means were
freely given for the sid of the soldiers
III the field. On May 10, 1915, they
of the wounded Poles i'll the French
army. The president of this committee
was none other than Jean de Reszke
His son, it should be recorded, had been
among the first to enter tho military
service of France. Enlstng as a pri-
vate in the 11th Regiment of Cuiras-
siers, he was eight days later promoted
to be brigadier, having meanwhile re-
celved his first wound in the Battle
of the Marne.
There was also organized bureau
RI hn Dn1i ,ol,
which was followed by = committee of
Polish volunteers, the efforts of which
We're directed toward securing for the
Poles an autonomous army organiza-
ton. The first importan, step in this
direction was secured in the decree of
the French government permitting
Poles to serve in any portion OF tho
French army, without being confined
to the Foreign Legion.
The final step came in the early sum-
mer of last year. In March the Rus
sian revolution deposed the Gar and
very materially charged the attitude
and relations of the Russian govern
ment toward the war and toward Po-
land, the Provisional Government be-
ing inclined to recognize fully the
rights of Poland as an Independent
state. These circumstances removed the
chief objection which had existed to
tnc creation of an autonomous Polish
army in France, and the desirability of
such an organization was accordingly
urged. M. Painleve. the Minister for
War, was sympathetically inclined to-
ward the proposal, and he made re-
port to the President of the republic
recommending that the dosle of the
former be granted.
Accordingly, on June 5, 1917. Presi-
dent Poincare issued G. decree, of which
the first article ran as follows:
"There is created in France, for the
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

4 FTER they had lived for time
"A in the Notre Damc section
- A the whole neigborhood got tc
know the story of their misfortune.
They we're two old people, victims OF
the war, but attracting little more
sympathy than usual because Of 4 great
grief which they had borne for more
than thirty years.
This was that their only son, the fruit
of relatively late marriage a mar
riasc OF love; retarded by the usual ob-
staclcs) had not been able to pass that
difficult age-the first critical period in
l:fe-when childhood changes into
youth. The little fellow had died at
fourteen.
This had happened in the days Of
peacc-long, long ago. 1t had happened
III the North of France, in the little
village in which the two old people
we're born, and from which the wa1
drove them as refugees to Paris.
They told their story among the
tradcspeoplo, and in the lodge CT the
concierge. Up to the beginning of the
war the husband had enjoyed the dis
tinction of having been minor en-.
ploye in q very small government office,
subsequently going into retirement.
Since their exile he had earned for his
wife and himself, by copying and mis-
cellaneous clerical work, the means to
llvc-or rather to stavc off death; for
they were both close on to eighty.
at wouldn't have mattered to US to
dio back there, at home But to die
here, In Paris, which we had never seen
before, that must not be-because of
the chestnut tree, if for no other
reason"
Very dignified, whether smiling or
grave, they always took turns in ex-
plaining:
Little Pierre planted TIE tree, Mes
dames,' said the old woman "At three
years and half, even, he had ideas like
that. You can see what he might have
made Of himself.'
Then the old man broke in:
I'VE had. given him, to play with.
some chestnuts which We had picked
up ON the road to Ham. SO, one morn
ing, when he was playing in the gar
den"----
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
He Would Be
F orty Years Now

he chestnut tree is almost thirty
seven years old, counting from the day
it was planted! SO little Pierre would
have been over forty to-day
Some one remarked:
He would be at the front"
Then the eyes of the two old people
became fixed. They had the same
thought
"He would probably have been
killed.
The death of person IN normal
times-a civilians death-resemble in
many respects a sombre fete So MANY
flowers, with their fragrance, are
heaped about the funeral couch: so
many draperics and emblems of mourn
ing surround the coffin; the ceremonial
of the mass is full of austere pomp:
so many friends press forward, their
eyes SHINING with sympathy, to console
tEose who are left behind. A death
under such circumstances remains an
I event IN the annals of family-mem-
ofable for It's display and its decor
ative details in the same degree as bap-
tlsms, first communions and marriages.
But IN time of war the soldiers
death, the violent death Of a man sud
denly stricken down-how shocking and
bleak a thing it isl How brutal a be-
reavement-without flowers, music or
ceremonial! Truly, to be killed is not
20 die!
One morning the great news spread
IN Paris Of the German retirement.
through which a large portion of the
occupied territory IN Northern France
found itself Unexpectedly liberated.
The two old people were able me day
to take a train to go and sec what
remained of their house and their prop
erty.
The neighbors had told them that the
rapidity of the retreat had prevented
the enemy from destroying things on
grand scale in that particular sector
Perhaps the house will be still
standing" they repeated to each other
on the way home.
But each of them knew that the other
was thinking especially of the dearly
loved chestnut-of the tree in which
the body and soul of their vanished
child continued to live, as long ago the
hamadryads used to live in the oaks.
Ihe house might be destroyed. But
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
The Two Deaths
Of Little Pierre
By Mime. Lucie Delarue-Madrus
Translated by William l.. McPhe7sor
Translated by William l.. McPheJsor
ccopyrt0ht, 1918, py The Tribune Assoetat.or,


Here story avich snoWs delicate laagiuaton o.s
true poetic feeling. Mne Delarue-ladrs poet of d;st
on a0e successful 1orter Of drama and felton, H.
Dorh has peculiar quality of refinement Even yhe It de
clh the hardest realities OF there is aIea IN it Of a
llght that novor on lanG or s
IN tins story the love Of the French people jor ter soil
(ol the elds the trees the andscopo 'clch part Of M
Ves Effectively etoyed 10 gi0e color aid ritay to noa
laacy Perhaps other manifestation Of German btala
has touched the French mind so much the devosa;
Of the occupied territory In that the uader has taken doy
toll Of death and desecratjoyst from the untcppv Deox
left behind and then from the soil itself and all that mads
beautiful and hobitable. wy
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

try into the war. Before that event
1t was, of course, forbidden to re-
cruit men for any foreign army in the
United States. But as soon as war
was declared here the question arose
Why not Polish Legion in America
Happily, 1t was answered in the al
iirmatiyc by an order OF October G
last, which authorized the recruiting
for such an organization of any Poles
in this country who had not become
naturalizcd and were therefore not
subject to conscription for the Ameri-
can army.
The leader in this movement was the
pianist and composer, Ignace Jan Pad
erewski. who last fall cancelled an i'm
portant concert tour in order to give
all his time and strength to the or
ganlzation of a Polish Legion. Al
ready. on October A, two days before
the recruiting of Poles was authorized.
a great KoscuiszkO centenary celsbra-
ton had been held in Chicago. at which
the new national battle hymn. COM
posed in both words and music by Mr..
PadercWski, had been sung, and at
which were consecrated the battle flags
which were to be borne by the legion
whose formation was already conf
IDENTIFY anticipated.
Paderewski in December conferred
with tho Secretary of War. and Sc
cured from him the grant of exten-
sIye grounds and buildings at Fort
Niagara, New York, as training can
torment for the recruits. Already a
Polish camp had been established at
Niagara -the-Lake, but it was insult
ilclent IN size and was so ovcrcrowded
that no more men could be received.
and recruiting was thus in danger Of
being halted. Secretary Bakers pro-
vision Of ample room for 1000 more
men at Fort Niagara was thus Of i'm
mense advantage, and enabled recruit
ing and training to be continued with
out delay. Within four months moro
than 10000 men were in the Polish
ranks.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
He Was Digging
A Little Hole

mere the old woman intervened:
we saw our little Pierre digging a
hole in the ground, with his little
fingers, like this, and burying in it the
biggest of the chestnuts. We werc
both very much astonished, as you NAV
imagine"
Then the husbands:
I'VE didn't believe it would gernin-
ate. Nobody would have thought that.
Our garden IS about as big as a pocket
handkerchief. And nothing had ever
grown in it but some tiny grass blades
and three flowers"
Then the wife:
But four years later we noticed a
little tree appearing in the grass plot.
Then we remembered and cried; 1T is
little Picrre's chestnut tree.''
At this point the old people always
wept little. Then the husband wiped
bis eyes and said mournfully:
'He died"
"And we had left only his tree" said
the wife. giving the finishing touch 10
the story.
But a moment afterward she would
add: u
$50 We called the chestnut tree
Little Picrre'"
On other occasions they told about
the size of the tree, the shape of its
branches and the color of its bark.
And the neighbors who listened to
thelr talk felt that this chestnut tree
vas for them thing even more sacred
tnan the tomb of their little son. A
tree which takes root is a living
thing, it grows like little boy, then it
enlarges its girth like a young man
then it becomes dignified and settled
like man whose career has been made.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

on the tiny grass plot the YOUNG ~.
which bore the name o. little piasss
would give TIE two aged exiles y,o.s
*lng more acceptable TO them t.an s.gs. w..
or an undamaged roof or an unssa. t..
tered hearthstone. They cxpectea sI.., "
roots ,nd lS sra ters pat patent H. faithful with its
Of little house, dominating he hs.suas rsal
place, casting toward the white sIy L.V.a q >
black winter branches, in wbjes Ss ,.' ,'s
hidden the future foliage Of ,r~ snns-.s .ag
overspreading with its bulk tbn he. iea.
walls and the narrow area of t,a l;..1S .oy
garden. They were gong TO snd ,tI'ie !.
agaln-their tree, an isiet of yerSur, ,.i :.
s1ondI s1Iapfnded ed between 3s the earth and the
lustrous trunk in whose SAP was -s e.osa9 saa
life for at least two centuries s;T'so s;ij =.
last it should die slowly, but erect s,t' d. a.
Is the habitude of noble, virile tres, sS
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

Poland shau not fau or perish
While her sons are Ii1ng.
Though they robbed US, ave'U re-
deem at,
With oar good saco,xss stq-iping.
Fo9roard for Polandi Liberty for
Poland!
March, march, for Poland! Liberty
for Poland!
Polish Rumn.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
By Leon L.andsberg
4 GAIN the Polish Legion! The

4 GAIN the Polish Legion! The
"A first was Kosciuszko's; the latest
is Paderewski's; both names
greatly endeared to America. There
are grateful memories of Pan Tadeusz,
whom we call Thaddeus of Warsaw, in
our Revolutionary history, and the
name of his garden has long been ia
miliar to successive classes of West
Point cadets and their fair visitors.
And now Paderewski, speakably en-
deared to myriads of American music
lovers, enrolls another Polish legion on
American soil, which shall fight as Of
old by the side Of our troops, on the
sacred soil of France. Between the two,
nearly a century and half apart,
many a time has a Polish legion done
gallant work in war, though under an
alien flag. Now. in the fulness of time,
it may have the glad privilege of fight
ing against it's old oppressors under it's
own Polish standard Of crimson and
white. For there has also been fully
formed in France Polish legion which
is an autonomous force, fighting under
its own Polish colors, and that which
Paderewski has organized here will
doubtless have the same status. The
new Polish Republic which will emerge
from the ruck of the world war is al
ready potentially one Of the Allied ma
tions.
There is & peculiar fitness in this
rallying of the Poles to the aid Of
France, since this will be the fifth time
IN g little more than a hundred years
that they have done so. In the Middle
Ages a French princess was a Queen
Of Poland and a French duke was Of
fered the Polish crown
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

and the disastrous expedition to Hayti,
Dombrowski organized a new Polish
legion in Italy. A second, the Legion
of the Danube, under General Kniazie-
wicz, served with Moreau in Germany.
A third, the Legion of the North, was
organized in the fall of 1906 by Gen.
eral Zayontchek, and second Legion
of the North was formed by General
Wolodokowicz in the following spring.
In 1903 and 1909 were formed, respec-
lively, the first and second Polish
legions of the Vistula.
In the Peninsular War the soldiers
of Poland were conspicuous. In CO.
operation with Marshal Davoust, Prince
Joseph Poniatowski, who also became
a marshal of France, organized at War
saw itself a legion which was soon
heard of in Spain.
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
Believed Napoleon
Country s Saviour

In Napoleon the Poles thought they
saw their political deliverer, and thou
sands of them focked to his standard.
under the Directory, in the Consulate
and in the First Empire. 1t was Thad-
deus Kosciuszkos friend, Henry Dom
browski, who organized two Polish
iegions and offered them to the Di-
rectory. Under the law as it then was
they could not be accepted. Thereupon
they went over to the Cisalpine Rcpub-
llc, which had been organized by Bona
parte, and there found service. AL
ready had Poles become eminent in the
Trench army. Joseph Sulkowski was
one of the chief aids to Berthier in his
Italian campaign, and was the STRAIT
egIst who planned the expedition to
Egypt, whittier he went with Bona
parte,
Dombrowski's call for Polish soldiers
for the French army was responded to
by myriads, both of Poles at Warsaw
and of those who had been exiled to
alien lands. They played a great part
IN the conquest of Northern italy. sing
ing their war song:
March, march, Dombrowski, from
ltaly's soil to Poland
Under thy leadership will we restore
our nation!"
AT Ancona, in the Church of Loretto,
was found the sword of John Sobieski.
THIS Bonaparte bestowed upon Dom
hrowski, who in turn transferred it to
hosciuszko. When the Grand Duchy of
warsaw was established, Pan Tadeusz
IN gratitude returned the sword to Ma
poleon, who left it to the little "Aic-
= Ion, She King of Rome
Alter the bloody campaign of 1893
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

music are farew smg
o h
tatn fHehymn
lherys
the
wiewo
r rGdnsknd
ld,o urnatvel
@sde
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

The enthusiasm with which this act
was greeted by the Poles was sim
ply indescribablc. 1t seemed to assure
the fulfilment Of the hopes which had
been cherished for more thas a century
that the wrong inflicted upon Poland
by Frederick the Great of Prussia
would be undone, and that a free and
united Poland would resume its place
among the sovereign nations Of Europe
group OF native Polish officers at
once lent their. assistance to the or
ganization of this new army; among
them being Colonel Adam Mokieiewski
Commanders Rybinsk and Leblois
Captains Guignard, Korlowski and Kra-
synskl and Lieutenant Rodzinski. Gen
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
French Repay
Debt Of Death

This loyalty and devotion OF the
Poles to Napoleon causeed them to be
regarded with disfavor little short Of
animosity by the restored Bourbons.
But between them and the French army
and people warm affection continued to
prevail. So it came to pass that when
the attempted revolution occurred at
Warsaw. in November, 1880, a company
of Frenchmen, under General Ramorino
and General Langerman, fought gal
lantly at the head of the Polish forces.
That revolution was failure, so far as
Poland was concerned, yet it saved
France from the coalition of despotism.
thus repeating the services which Kos
ciuszko had rendered at the beginning
OF the French Revolution.
Again, in the abortive Polish insur-
rection Of 1868, many Frenchmen were
implicated. In the gloomy Mazurian
forests Colonel Rochebrune and his
Zouaves OF Death fought for the Poles
with desperate fury, their chief losing
his life in the conflict. Following this
tragedy came a great intellectual ex-
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
New Polish Legion
Takes Up Old Fight

Paderewski Enrolls His Country
men in America to Battle Side
by Side With United States and
French Soldiers in France Against
the Ancient Oppressors of Their
Native Land-1O,OOO Men Join
in What They Believe Is Final
Struggle for Freedom
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17
With French at
Wagram and Moscow

A squadron Of Polish cavalry won
great glory at Wagram, turning against
the Austrian uhlans their own lances
which the Poles had wrested from their
hands, for which exploit the Poles we're
promoted to be lancers of the Imperial
Guard. In the terrible retreat of the
Grand Army from Moscow, at Ostrova,
at Smofensk, at the Moskwa and at the
Beresina, the Poles did noble defensive
work, despite the dashing of their
dreams and hopes of national rehabili-
tation.
In the desperate campaign of 1914
the Poles again showed their loyal at
tachment to Napoleon and to France
They fought then on some of the very
soil which the present war has again
soaked with blood In the Forest of La
Fere and near the headwaters of the
Ourcq they held the Prussian invaders
in check. At Berry -au-Bac they won a
famous bridge fight, the Polish lancers
of General Nansouty's advance guard
charging and vanQuishing the cavalry
Of the enemy.
At Arcis-sur-Auhe it was within a
hollow square of Skrynecki's Polish
fantassins that the Emperor sought
refuge. "Here," he said, 81 am shielded
from all danger" When he set out for
Elba Polish soldiers accompanied him,
to form that guard of three hundred
which the triumphant allies accorded
to him. In the siege and defence of
Paris, in the spring of 1914, it was at
the head Of Polish troops that Marshal
Money defended the barriers of Clichy.
Once more, when Napoleon came back
from Elba for the Hundred Days, his
closest companions were the faithful
Poles, which moved the official organ
of the government to report that "the
famous brigand, with a gang of his
Poles, is marching to meet Marshal
Ney."
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

duration Of the war, an autonomous
Polish army, placed under the orders
of the French High Command but
fighting under the Polish flag"
See Hopes Now
Of Final Freedom
New-York tribune., 1918-02-17

4 FTER they had lived for time
"a in the Notre Damc section,
~ the Mh ole neiohnraood GOT To
The Chesterfield advertiser. [volume] (Chesterfield C.H., S.C.) 1884-1978, 1918-02-28
MAKE INCOME TAX
RETURNS AT ONCE

Income tax returns must be made
not later than March lst, 1918.
Fine for failure to make returns
by this date, not less than $40 nor
more than $1,000.
All unmarried persons with a net
income of $1,000 or more a year
should make return.
All married persons with net in
come Of $4,000 or more are required
to make returns, though for each de-
pendent child the parent is allowed
5000 additional income untaxed.
Returns should be made to the
collector Of internal revenue for the
collection district in which you have
your residence.
For information call at the post.
Office and secure the Income Tax
Primer, which gives all instructions
necessary.
The Chesterfield advertiser. [volume] (Chesterfield C.H., S.C.) 1884-1978, 1918-02-28
HOW TO COOPERATE
WITH THE LOCAL PAPER

DR.. Liberty II. Bailey, writing re-
Gently in the New York Independent,
expressed about the same idea we
tried to emphasize in a recent cdi-
torial, Cooperate With Your Local
Paper" In discussing the progress
sive county paper Of the future, he
says:
"The news is to be less a print
ing of personal gossip than record
of the real progress Of the region /:
who has built new barn, and the
plans that went into it; who has pur-
chased pure-red animal, and why :;
who has tried new method, and the
results; who has given lecture or
demonstration, and what was said
who has installed system of drain
age, and how; the years crop move
ments, and the reasons"
In every community let's have
some man or woman ready to cooper
ate with the local paper in reporting
the community newsstand let every
such correspondents keep in mind
what DIR. Bailey says as to what con-
stitutes real acknowledgements Far
mer.
The Chesterfield advertiser. [volume] (Chesterfield C.H., S.C.) 1884-1978, 1918-02-28
TO READ YOUR LABEL

The meaning of those figures and
letters on the little orange slip pasted
in the above square may not be plain
to every one. They are an abbrevia-
tion of the date when your subscrip-
tion expires. If it should read: I
Mar '18, it means March l, 1918 and
you should send in your dollar
promptly If it is, say, 70 Nov 18,
it means Nov. 10, 1918 and you are
paid up till next fall. But suppose
the last figures are 16 or IT, that
means you owe dollar or more for
papers already received. In this
connection let us remind you that no
other business is hit quite so hard
as your county seat newspaper by
high prices and curtailed income.
1t doesn't seem exactly fair that a
subscriber should expect us to pay
out rs per cent. of the dollar al
ready due in order to have man 90
and ask for it.