davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Washington Journal., 1918-04-19

5rii6e Slide. aeIIner:
~Soa Der Slid nod 9egelIen lper.
bcn? Ser itebt ia i6on felt a6t
Gagen auf Der Speiiefartel"
@irtin: ngtatiirlid! S6rei6en
Sic cine neue Speiiefartel"
Washington Journal., 1918-04-19

SuggeFibe 8irfung.
u8eldeu @rfolg botte oenn Glib.
ners Oper rGornr0shen"?"
n@roBartig gemirft; oas gan5e
9u6lifum nit einseidlafenl"
Washington Journal., 1918-04-19

-8eim &affeefrdn59en II.
n@propos, Srau &dtin, fennen Sic
Die ileue Boltmeiiterin?"
nSebr genalt logar, man fana
ibr nur @utes nodiagen!"
rgea, oattn elm otoeres Sbelna!"
Washington Journal., 1918-04-19

Sitter. @attin: u&apa
n1a9t immer ie6r foItipielige Sc
i6enfe."
@atte: .0as babe i6 genlertt, ais
CT Gid mir ga6."
The sun., 1918-08-18

branches. The spots are at first water
soaked and do not extend deep into
the stem tissues. Later they become
dry. often of reddish brown color
with light. almost white centre This
white centre usually shows large
numbers of the dark brown to black
pimplelike fruit bodies Of the patho-
gene.
- The LESSONS are usually to be found
on the lower part OF the stem under
ground. The fungus often works out
on the stolons and attacks the tubers,
forming superficial brown spots about
the stem end Only an occasional
tuoer shows the disease.
At a distance the phoma affected
areas are easily confused with yellow
ing and dying, due to dry soil or other
unfavorable soil conditions. The
cankerlike spots are, however, never
present on the stems Of plants in the
latter case.
AS yet the plant pathologists have
no suggestions on control. Presum-
ably nothing can be done to prevent
losses from the disease this season. It
is important to know from where the
seed tubers Of affected fields came;
whether potatoes were grown on the
land last year and the percentage of
the field affected. Any data on reduce
ton Of yield by this disease will be
welcomed by the department Of plant
pathology at'the State College OF Agri-
culture at Ithaca.
The sun., 1918-08-18
A NEW AND DANGEROUS PEST.
BY e. ]. HARRINGTON.

Unless 1t Is speedily brought under
control. the European corn stalk borer
recently introduced into Massachu-
sets, Is likely to prove one of the
most dangerous pests this country has
ever known. II it should by any mis-
chance reach the corn belt 1t would
cause incalculable loss. Judging from
its work in southern Europe 1t would
destroy 90 per cent. of the corn crop.
|. The corn stalk borer was probably
introduced on hemp brought to the
Charlestown navy yard or to cordage
works in the vicinity. 1t has now
spread over a considerable area around
Boston and is causing much loss to
market gardeners who specialize in
sweet corn. The Government and the
State of Massachusetts are cooper
ating in an effort to determine the ex-
! tent of the distribution and to ex-
terminate the pest If possible. A spe-
cial station has been established at
Arlington. the centre of the infested
area.
The European corn stalk borer Is
about an inch long when full grown
Its body is flesh colored. but the head
Is fiat and dark brown. The female
moth Is yellow and has a wing ex-
panse OF a little over an inch. The
! male moth has a long, slender body,
and is much darker than the female.
There are two broods each year. The
larv@ winter over in corn stubble.
They pupate in the spring. emerging
as moths about the latter, part OF May.
Eggs are laid on growing corn stalks,
and as soon as the young Larvae are
Matched they bore into the stalk. Early
corn is usually not badly damaged, but
late corn suffers greatly. as both
broods feed upon It. Oftentimes the
ears as well as the stalks are bored
into and are thus made unfit for mar
ket.
The worms have a way OF working
just at the base Of the tassels, which
are weakened and fall to one side. II
Is characteristic in a field of corn
badly Infested to see these weakened
tassels in all directions.
Naturally It is impossible to kill the
borers by spraying, and digging them
out is hardly feasible on a large scale.
The most important measure OF pro-
lection comes from the destroying Of
the stalks and stubble in the fall and
winter. They may be burned or buried
In trenches under foot OF soil, or
shredded and fed to live stock.
Corn growers in all parts of the
country are greatly interested in the
preventive measures being taken in
Massachusetts,. realizing that IL 1t got
a foothold in this country the corn
stalk hprer would prove as bad pest
in the North as the boil weevil in the
South.
The sun., 1918-08-18
AGRICULTURE AT COLUMBIA.

IT is not generally known that CO.
lumbia University. has course in
agriculture. Students have the use
OF specially designed greenhouse and
a large agricultural library. This
course includes: Introduction to agri-
culture, Saturday mornings and
Wednesday evening. devoted to cereal
crops, crop rotation fertilizers, ma
nures. lining, cultural methods, har-
resting, storing and farm machinery.
Tho spring session will be devoted to
small grains, hay. legumes, potatoes
Snd roots.
Thursday and Friday, lectures on
soils. ploughing and tilling. soil fer
tlity. This division is In charge of
Frof. o. s. Morgan
Poultry Husbandry, SProf. f. w.
Benjamin, Tuesday. Friday and Satur-
day evenings. This course begins
October Is and ends November 20.
Tree Fruits. Small Fruits, Flower
and Vegetable Culture, Prof NJ. q.
kains, Monday afternoon. laboratory /;
Monday evenings, lectures; Thursday,
Thursday afternoon. lectures; Thurs
day evening. laboratory.
These courses begin September 26
and the classes have been arranged
at such times as are most convenient
Tor teachers in New York and vicinity
and others employed during the dav
me Tees are very reasonable. Prof.
"ossns once hours are from 10 to
The sun., 1918-08-18
PLANT THE PEONY VARIETIES
EARLY IN SEPTEMBER.

Tested varieties of peonies as given
out by gardeners at the Ohio Expert
ment Station that may be used for
small paintings about homes and gar
dens are: Festiva maxima. a strong
strain that produces extra large white
blooms; Duchess de Nemours, Cour-
onne dor and Marie Lemoinc, all
white.
One Of the earliest varieties IN pink
Is Edulis superba. Various shades OF
pink are found in Madame Jules.
Calot. La Perle. Mons. Jules Ellie and
Livingstone. Red colors will be found
In the Felix Crousse. Modesto Guerin,
Marechal Valiant and Rubra superba.
These are all good, tried and true
standard varieties.
To secure the best paintings, peonies
should be- started early in September
80 that considerable root growth may
be obtained before freezing weather.
Young plants from nurseries, with only
two or three eyes, must be carefully
handled to avoid injury in planting.
coarse mulch of manure applied to
the surface of the peony plant will
aid the growth OF newly set varie-
ties and prevent heaving OF the plant
by freezing.
The sun., 1918-08-18
WOODLAND WONDERS.
BY SUSAN r. OKIE.

When we refict that every plant in
our gardens was originally a wildliny
and that the labor OF centuries has
caused their evolution one must know
that the Supply is not yet exhausted.
II Is not alone from China and the
Himalayas that novelties are brought
but from our own Adironda cks and the
Blue Ridge, from the Alleghanies and
the White Mountains that we ought
seek for valuable assets in the gar
den. Now is the season for this inter-
esting search, and IL one takes the
precaution in cutting back and lifting
the plants with earth and taking them
to the garden in water copying the
conditions of soil and shade, one rarely
falls in establishing shrubs from the
woodlands.
All forms OF bramble catbrier, wild
grape. honeysuokle. laurel and dog
wood In variety are easy subjects. and
the work Is interesting and varied.
remember once Of finding a pink dog
wood in a dense woodland when the
color was little known In private gar
dens and the Joy of Its possession and
growth was intense.
At another time I found a dense
growth of red shoots in early spring
that I thought was wild rhubarb 1t
turned out to be a most lovely flower,
the Polygonum saChilense. OF a Won
derfully quick growth and which
formed a fiowery screen to an ugly
rail fence that surrounded our or
chard. Beautiful in foliage also, one
has only to see the perfection OF the
cultivated American brambles in Eng
land, which are indigenous in the
United States from Maine to Florida
and westward to the Pacific, no excite
interest in their cultivation in the
garden.
Such a variety Of fragrance, color,
foliage. blossom. autumnal charm,
fruitful. ever blooming and amenable
to training Is offered by few other
families of hardy shrubs. Why neg
lect them?
The sun., 1918-08-18
HILL SELECTION WILL RAISE
POTATO YIELD.

Selecting seed potatoes from hills
that have resisted disease, show no
weaknesses, are true to type and yield
high is one Of the particular points to
be observed at digging time. Con-
rinued selection from high yielding
hills will make it possible to increase
the productivity of variety.
An experiment at the Ohio Expert
ment Station shows that a gain of So
per cent. was found in the crop from
seed chosen from the highest yielding
over that from the lowest yielding
hills. The yield after two years of hill
selection was IS per cent. more than
that from the planting the ordinary
way.
Continued selection is necessary to
get rid of the inferior qualities that
appear even after small patch OF hill
selected potatoes has been started.
Quality, freedom from disease and
yielding ability will be necessary con-
siderations In each years selection.
The sun., 1918-08-18
FRUIT, JAMS AND PASTEs,

These are the hest forms in which
. 10 utilize broken and crushed berries
and other fruits which have been in
| Jured in handling, or are too ripe to-
Jelly making or for preserving. They
are prepared by crushing the fruit.
adding sugar OF not as desired. and
, cooking until thick. Pastes differ from
jams only In their consistency. the
pastes being cooked longer. and con-
seQuently are more concentrated,
Berries OF all kinds, peaches, plums
apples. in fact, almost any kind Of
| fruit may be used in this way. Jams
should not be confused with MARINA
ladies', which can he made from those
fruits only which contain pectin.
Pectin is not necessary for successful
Jam making, nor rs acid required.
Combinations OF different fruits for
jam making are often employed, giving
variety to the products, and supplying
desirable qualities which the individual
fruits do not POSSESS. For instance,
apple jam made from certain varieties
OF apples may not possess sufficient
acid TO give life" or "sprightliness"
to the product. but the addition OF a
small proportion OF lemon, or of lemon
juice, gives delicious product. In the
same way. Strawberries and pineapple,
peaches and pineapple raspberrles and
currants, &c, may be combined TO pro-
duce excellent jams.
The amount of sugar employed for
jam making is largely n matter Of
choice. With such materials as straw
berries. raspberries. blackberries, &C.,
about three-fourths as much sugar as
berries Is usually employed. Other
fruits which are rich in natural sugars
require less, and others which contain
less natural sugar may require as
much sugar as fruit. Where no sugar
il added the cooking will he prolonged
in order to give the required consist
ency.
Jams may be placed in jelly glasses
or In pint jars These containers
should he freshly sterilized and hot
when the hot jam Is put into them. II
the jelly glasses are used I'LL to within
one-half inch OF the top, put on the
cover and set aside to cool As soon
as cool remove the cover. pour hot
melted parafiin over the surface of the
Jam and replace the cover. II glass
topped Jars are used seal while hot
and boil Cprocess) in the hot water
The sun., 1918-08-18
MORE EWES NEEDED ON FARMS

1t Is not necessary to keep a eve
lamb two years before she returns q
profit with wool at present prices: .
lamb weighing Is pounds and costing
20 cents a pound will clip next spring
3 pounds OF wool, which, at 70 cents a
pound. would be worth $3.50, or 20
per cent. of the original investment.
The owner would have at the end OF
that time also a eve worth more
for breeding purposes than the aver
age eve that he could buy.
1t is true, of course, this eve con-
sumes "A certain amount Of feedstuffs
which possibly should be charged
against her, hut since there is pasture
and forage going to waste each wear
The sun., 1918-08-18

The Book OF Hardy Flowers by
II. II. Thomas. provides n complete
record. with details Of cultivation, of
perennials that are hardy in temper
ate countries. The description of each
plant is given. color of flowers sea
son of blooming. notes on situation
and soil. with thirty-two color illus
trations. This work also includes per-
ennial plants which are not hardy
but may be grown In the open during
the summer season and also some
trees.
The descriptions are those Of an
English gardener and cause an Ameri-
can to regret that our hot, dry Julys
and Augusts make II impossible to
grow the borders OF tufted pansies,
edged with thrift and backed BY rose
covered walls. shown Furnishing in
England. Nevertheless it is a work
which will be very helpful to American
amateur gardeners Funk & Wagnalls
Company. New York.
The sun., 1918-08-18
AMARYLLIS.

= Amaryllis can be potted and started
any time during September to Novem.
Der. Pot in firm loan. enriched with
leaf mould and containing a fair pro-
portion OF sand. Little water is re-
quired until growth begins. which
must be increased with the progress
Of the plant. After the flowers have
faded allow the plants to complete
their growth and then slowly reduce
them to a resting condition without
permitting the bulbs to become quite
dry.
A good bulb Of amaryllis properly
cared for will flower for years, there
fore 1t pays to purchase a good strong
bulb to start with.
The sun., 1918-08-18

In New Jersey It has been observed
that where the starlings and blue Jays
are numerous other birds almost en-
tlrely disappear, including the English
sparrows. The starting is a tiresome
bird. constantly repeating it's doleful
cry of one note. The blue jay is a
savage, noisy fellow. hiding in the
foliage and uttering it's shrill note re-
sembling the cry of cat.
The jay is credited with destroying
grasshoppers, caterpillars and other
insects, so they may do as much good
>as harm: The starting. too. may be
useful, but up TO date this bird has
had no champion.
We seem to be going from bad to
worse with birds. There is no law
protecting starlngs in New York or
New Jersey: cities and towns, how
ever. have ordinances regulating the
use of firearms.
The sun., 1918-08-18
FLOWER SHOW.

The Horticultural Society of New
York will have an exhibition of
flowers August "a and 25 at the
Museum Building, New York Botan-
ical Garden.
The schedule Of premiums include
several classes Of gladioli, open to all.
Also collections Of ANIMALS. There arc
also several classes Of sladioli for nom
commercial growers.
All communications should be ad-
dressed to George v. Nash. secretary,
Mansion. New York Botanical Gar
den, Bronx Park, New York city.
The sun., 1918-08-18
AFTER THE WAR.

The war; while It has greatly Grip
pied many branches Of agriculture at
the present time, will in the end pro-
duce good results.
1t has shown the people that farm
ers were not simply a class existing
for the purpose of supplying newspa-
per humorists and stage folk with
jokes and artists scenes for land
scapcs, but that without them the city
inhabitants could not live. This fac,
has sometimes been taught in schools
but few scholars realized the truth as
they do now.
The men returning from Europe az
ter the war, having lived in the open
air for months and enjoyed the free
dom of the country. although burdened
with arduous and dangerous duties, are
not likely to be content to go back to
the confinement Of office or shop.
Many will not be able to stand the
physical and nervous strain. The nat
ural turn for them to take is to seek
a little place in the country. Those
who have not been disabled will be
strong enough physically to work a
small place and make a living from IL.
If this is the case there will be an I'M
rrecedented demand for suburban and
country property.
Men who have been disabled, many
Of them, will be able to render good
service on farms, particularly on small
places. The taking up Of farm lands
by the returning soldiers will thus
solve two problems. providing work
for the able bodied and the disabled.
The sun., 1918-08-18
PH0MA STEM BLIGHT OF PoTA.
TOES.

The phomo stem blight, a destructive
disease Of potatoes, apparently new to
this State, is now epidemic .on Long
Island and has been reported from
other localities. according to the plant
Pathologists at the State College Of
Agriculture.
Irregular areas In the fieIds show
the tops following. whiting, falling
over. then drying up. The most dis
tinguishing marks OF the disease, how
ever. are the cankerlike spots on tie
stem at the surface of the ground and
often further up on the main stem and
The sun., 1918-08-18

Harvest the crop OF onions as soon
as the tops begin to ripen. Pull the
bulbs and leave them on the ground
until they are thoroughly dry. which
usually requires a week. Turn the
onions over two or three times during
the drying process.
White onions should be gathered and
dried in small piles In the shade, other
wise they may become discolored
When the bulbs are dry. twist or cut
Off the tops and store in a dry, well
ventilated place, as dark and cool as
possible.
The sun., 1918-08-18

To THE GARDEN DEPARrMENr-Sir :
once more j come to you for advice.
We had stump of an old cherry tree
in the yard covered with ivy. 1t was
near three feet in diameter. The Sc
we're cold last winter kNled the ivy.
When ! pulled the dead ivy off. the
stump all caved in. The space that it
occupied will give me about IL feet
long by . feet wide and l intend to
put Strawberries hero. So IL you can
give me any information about what
Kind OF berries to get, fertilizing and
cultivation | will be thankful. planted
muskmelon seed last spring and
thinned out to four vines. I only tried
1t as an experiment. The vines have
grown between six and nine feet. COW
cred with yellow blossoms, but no
fruit. What is the trouble?
] followed your advice about n COM
post heap, and put all kinds of trim
minSs OF vegetables on it--apples,
peaches. potatoes and melon skins.
even cooked cabbage left from the
table. Am OVERRIDING II? J.w.C.
Prepare the bed for strawberries at
once. Turn under well rotted manure
IL the plants are to he set out now.
Pot grown plants set out without de-
lay will give a crop of fruit next
spring. Unless pot Grown plants are
used 1t will be as we'll to wait until
spring before setting them out, but
prepare the bed this season.
The following strawberries are
standard varieties. Early: Early Jer-
sey. Giant. Early Ozark and Clyde.
Midseason: Senator Dunlap, Edmund
Wilson. Barrymore. Brandywine and
Chesapeake. Late: Candy and Ste
vens Late. All these are perfect flow
ering varieties.
The melon is monpcious plant; ;
that IL. male and female flowers. dis
tinct from each other. are produced
on the same plant. Tho fertilization
of the flowers is effected by bees and
insects. When the plants are forced
under glass the flowers are fertillzed
artifcially by applying the pollen with
a camel hair brush.
To insure fruit the branching Of the
The sun., 1918-08-18

plant should be expedited by pinching
off the tips Of the vines to cause the
fruit to set rs soon. as possible. as IL
left to its natural mode Of growth the
vines may only commence to produce
fertile or female flowers too late for
the fruit to ripen properly.
You are not OVERRIDING matters with
the compost heap. .-% r.
The sun., 1918-08-18

California Bartlett pears were sold
b" hucksters from wagons on Barclay
ami Vesey streets from about until
o'clodN in the afternoons thirteen for
Is cents. The pears are full ripe. but
solid and are excellent for canning
Many buyers brought satchels, bags
and other containers and carried home
fifty or more pears. Very likely the
fruit will be offered all this week.
The sun., 1918-08-18

Bocconia cordata Is an ornamental
herbaceous plant which makes attrac-
tive beds when used alone. harmonic
ing we'll with tropical or sub-tropical
plants. though hardy themselves. The
stems reach height OF five feet
or more. terminated by plumes Of a
creamy tint. The foliage resembles
the leaves of peoples. Bocconias are
increased BY seeds or divisions Of the
roots.
The sun., 1918-08-18

MignoRette sown now will make
winter Towering plants. Use light
rich soil. Put the seeds in little
groups and thin to three plants in
-FOUR inch pots. As soon as the flowers
begin to fade cut them off and the
plant will flower n second time. In
the house the plants must have full
daylight, close to the glass.
The sun., 1918-08-18

The long spell of drought in July and
August had telling effect upon lawns.
Many spots will require reseeding in
September. 1t is a waste OF seed to
sow grass late in June or early in
July, II the seed starts. the hot dry
weather of July and August Will kill
the young plants.
The sun., 1918-08-18
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
Courses in Agriculture for Teaeb.,,

Practical instruction in introductory =,
ricuhure, soils and fcrtilzers, '-ce f-u',
home garden fruits, vegetable cu,..
Hover culture, poultry husbandry and r.,
lied subjects. Glasses come either on s.,
urday or at night, beginning September, q
Fees moderate,
For catalogue address tho Se,r4ta-y a,
Columbia University. New York civ.
The sun., 1918-08-18

Pot up bulbs Of freesias as early
as possible. This is a South African
bulb which responds to gentle forcing
and gives pretty and sweetly fragrant
flowers
The sun., 1918-08-18

Corn on the cob should not be
husked until it is time to boil it. Re-
move the husks Just before it is put
into the water, boil Immediately and
serve. 1t spoils the flavor of an ear
OF corn to let it soak in water.
Where corn is grown In the home
garden. do not pick 1t until 1t is time
to boil and serve.
The sun., 1918-08-18

Corn in the shock should not be
left out In the fields until February
or March. exposed to rains and winds
The stover is valuable for feeding IL
properly housed and protected.
The sun., 1918-08-18
LAMBS.
SWINE

MODERN Belrosc Nuror 'r07d 'o'
bred for September falror. ant .'.''
PIGS for August and Sept''U.r. .' %.
VIII prove good investment. H.'
stock from headquarters. n It..
largest and Costliest heri u' l.rns ,,'
or west prices right. BElH'-a AEN'
Poolvilla n Y
The sun., 1918-08-18

The last sowing Of peas should he
made without delay. Sow Alaska or
Little Gem. Put the seeds I'm two
inches deep. Throw the pea vines on
the compost heap; they make good
green manure.
The sun., 1918-08-18
II A. NJ, Wednesday, Thursday and


A sowing of geranium seed made in
August or September in pots, the
plants grown on in the house over
winter. will give Towering plants for
next summer. No certainty Of colors
can be assured and new varieties may
be produced in this way. Cover the
seeds very lightly with fine loan.
The sun., 1918-08-18

The laxative properties Of fruits and
vegetables are not destroyed by can
ming them.
The sun., 1918-08-18

Change the drinking water two 4.
three times DAY and keep the drn..
ing vessels clean.
The sun., 1918-08-18

Its too late to fool with Raby Chicks and
late Matched pullets. and with eggs a. pres
ent prices and steadily going higher yo4
want to get eggs just az soon as yOi IA
from BULLETS
that will lay In early fall. We have Bart
Rocks, White Rocks. r. T Reds. Mncra4'
&C.. at following reasonable prices Tor pa''
bred stock:
Early March hatch. nov singing"
lay In few weeks. $50 each, are Ma.
and early April start LAYING nov, 3.
late April, 81. May matched aud '.r''
bred April hatch, s0c. SAFE delivery gJs'
anteed and any die within 50 daEz p.
-PIGS-
you'll need meat this winter S't rE.'
Whites, $40, $le and SIS
Laying hens tyear.ingsJ, IeGhorns 0h'
or brown, $3.50 each. Heavy breed !.
one pen late April Matched White Ut
horn Pullets and Cockerrl $40
one pr. VIII. Swan Geese tnoa u''es'. i
Guinea Hens. les each.
Broilers and Roasting chickens. iir =
Order direct from this ad. ay3ll u"
less correspondence.
Our bank reference, First Na'iora' Fee
port, l.. |.
BALDWIN POULTRY PLANT
Baldwin. L. I.
Phone "Frccport ST." = y S'I y
one block north Mineola B~oot',u '''
lev stop S." near Bcd"il Gruro-y Do
old store. church -.