davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
N CARRIAGES in Great Britain have
INH reached record figures during the

M sssts;a on Gsss' ,' s' 5ss s's;
war, while they slumped consid-
ably in the Teutonic countries, according
to Sir Bernard Mallett, president Of the
British Royal Statistical Society. The fol-
lowing report appeared recently in "The
London Tines:
"'Crudely stated he declared, the war has
resulted in 100000 people being married be-
tween August, 1914, and June, 1917, who in
the ordinary course would not have married.
The marriage rate for 1915 the highest
recorded-19.4; the previous maximum-l7.9
was in 1853.
"Alluding to the marriage statistics in bel
ligerent countries he said that in Hungary
the effect of the had been that more
than 100000 people who in the ordinary
course would have married had not done so.
In Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Hesse, Ham
burg and Bremen, six states containing more
than so per cent of the German population,
the total number of marriages in 1913 was
434,105 and in 1914 the number was 392,053,
decrease of nearly 10 per cent, in spite of
great number of marriages during the
first month of the war. From figures avail
able, in Saxony, compared with the last year
OF peace, the decrease was about 80 per cent,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
A German Slant on
BreSt-LitOVSk

6HE German papers OF the first
week in January contain much in
teresting matter about the peace
negotiations at Brest-Litovsk at the time
when the Russians demanded that they
be transferred to Stockholm. The changed
position of the negotiators of the Central
Powers on December %, as compared
with their declarations of December Is,
is also much discussed. If the reports Of
the papers can be relied upon it was
pretty widely felt among Reichstag
members and by the press that Won
Kuhlmann had shown an awkward hand
at Brest-Litovsk. Some newspapers be-
gan even to speak of renewed Cabinet
crisis, and the demand was raised in some
quarters not only that Kuhlmann should
be recalled, but even dismissed from his
Office as Foreign Secretary.
The German public appears to have
been misled by the official bulletin Of the
transactions at Brest-Litovsk on Deem
Der %. 1t was only after neutral news
papers came into Germany that the Ger
man papers got the Russian version Of
what happened. The difference between
the two reports at once caused much dis
cussion; the government press was put
upon the defensive, or even adopted
critical tone, while the Pan-German
organs lifted up their voices and hailed
the promise of a new day and more an
nexations.
The "Berliner Tageblatt" of January 5
expressed it's views on the whole matter
in way that will give the American
reader a good general view of the situa-
ton. Discussing the method for taking
a popular vote in the conquered Russian
territory, this paper quoted the second
paragraph Of the German proposals,
where it is said that special commits
sion should be appointed to determine
time and method for the necessary rati-
fcation, through popular vote on
broad basis, of the already existing decla-
rations of secession-a ratification de-
manded by the Russians" The "Tage-
blatt" then added:
"The majority parties of the Rechstag and
a very large section of public opinion adopted
the view that such ratification through an
entirely independent parliament would in
fact be indispensable in order that afterward,
following a change of government in Russia,
the majority of the Russian people and the
leading classes might not take the position
that the peace treaty carried through by
violence, and therefore, though putting up
with it, they would not recognize it,"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
From II 42O, Florence.

Far East, feeling which if unchecked
promised to develop serious situation"
Germany, through her unconscious and
unscrupulous diplomacy long before the
war began, did much to stimulate if not
create. this suspicion. 1t was the Kaiser
himself who exploited in season and out
"Thc Yellow Peril" The intercepted Zin
hermann note before we entered the war
was designed to array Japan and Mexico
against this country and was predicated
upon the assumption that Japan would be
as faithless to her allies and to her inter-
national obligations as Germany had been
in respect to Belgium. To the honor and
glory of the Island Kingdom be it said
that no nation has uniformly been more
faithful to her international obligation,
than Japan-faithful not only to her
treaty obligations but also-and this
can say from personal knowledge-to her
"Gentlemen's Agreement"
Japan, which has learned SO much
from the West and applied with such
practical wisdom what she has learned. to-
day is a land of liberty, civil and religious.
Her religious liberty is even far in ad-
vance of nations who pride themselves
upon this most precious of national vir-
tues. Her people have no prejudices
based upon religious or ecclesiastical
grounds. Japan alone among nations has
given the world an example of how a
people can throw off the shackles of op-
pressive autocracy and secure the safe
guards of liberty and justice under a
constitutional government by following
along the plan Of peaceful evolution in
stead of going through the terrible strug-
giles and devastations of bloody revolu-
tons.
In conclusion, would like to point out
and direct attention of the distracted peo-
pie of Russia, whose magnificent empire is
now being dismembered and torn in pieces
under a leadership Of despair and de-
struction, to profit by the example of
Japan. No greater service could be rem
dered by the united Allies than to cali
upon Japan to assume the chief burden
of responsibility and leadership in aiding
the Russian people to construct their dis
nlembered empire, to reconstitute their
leaderless and shattered forces and
march onward under the safe guarantees
of constitutional liberty by the side Of
her allies to win the war for democracy
and liberty
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
TIME resignation Of the Austrian

IA
Cabinet, the mild-toned speech of
Count Czernin, the growing evil
dences of political and economic discon-
tent in Austria Hungary and President
Wilson'S latest message to Congress again
call attention to the recent political de-
yelopments and tendencies in that enemy
country. Since the Emperor Charles
came to the throne much has been made
in the German press of indications that
more liberal regime was to be introduced
there. with some scheme of local self
government which would do justice in a
measure to the strivings of the various
races for greater freedom and opportunity
Austrian and hungarian Representative
Assemblies as late as November and De-
cember. however. do not hold out any pros
pect for such happy solution of Austro-
Hungarian racial problems.
According to reports in The New Eu-
rope" and the "Frankfurter Zeitung,"
the starting point of these debates was
discussion of the Polish question in the
Austrian Parliament on November 8, in
the course of which prominent Slav depu-
ties sharply denounced Hungary for what
they regarded as its gross oppression Of
non-Magyar nationalities. The echo to
this was a heated discussion in the Hun
garian Parliament There Baron Perenyi
fercely denounced the "disgraceful i'm
pertinent and criminal attacks of the
Czechs upon Hungary's integrity This
referred to demand of the Czechs that
certain counties be detached from Hun
gary and united to Bohemia In reply to
this he said: "Neither thirteen nor three
Counties nor one foot Of Hungarian soil,
will we allow to b stolen from U.s. What
they want let the. conquer by force or
arms, Let them send the notorious Czech
brigades against US This referred to the
Bohemian troops who deserted from the
Austrians in .1916 and took a lnominent
part in fighting shoulder to shoulder with
the Russians in the Brusiloff offensive.
1t excited the ire Of Baron Perenyi to
a high degree that the attacks of the
Czechs upon Hungary in the Austrian
Parliament called forth no rebuke from
the Austrian Premier or the President Of
the House, and he insisted upon interpret
ing their silence according to the old law
principle that "silence gives consent"
Their neglect of their duty to protest
caused them to become, said Perenyi,
voluntarily or involuntarily accomplices
" this criminal onslaught upon Hun
gary Then he spoke the following
"serious word" to the Austrian. friends
of the monarchy:
"Where do they think it will lead if they
allow the peoples of Austria to be melted
still further against us, and put no brake
upon this hatred and passion? Are they not
afraid lest in Hungary also great and pow
erful parties might arise whose only watch
word was, Down with the false friends!
Away from Austria.'? Halt before it is too
late, and remember that those who work for
the breakdown of Hungary are digging Aus
trla's gravel
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
The 'Freedom' URGE
in Austria-Hun9ary
matter, reasserted their national demands

matter, reasserted their national demands
and
"Warned the governments not to drag the
Crown into political dispute, if only for
the reason that in these times such step
could have no other practical result save to
bring home with added force to the peoples
whose interests and aspirations are thereby
affected the painful difference between
people which enjoys state independence and
sovereignty and people which has been de-
privcd of it's independence"
Or. Won Seydler, the Prime Minister. in
lengthy reply to this. referred to GER
tam assurances that he had given the
Hungarian government concerning the
constitutional question, and added:
81 was all the more bound to do 80 be-
cause certain Austrian parties take an at
titude which really conflicts with the intes-
rlty of llungary's constitutional structure
and especially with the dual SYSTEM. What
l had to say to the hungarian Premier in this
connection cannot have been new to him."
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Nnly One Way to Put an End
~ To These Intrigues

Then Polonyl, Minister of Justice
eleven years ago, argued that the forma-
ton of an independent Hungarian army
was the only way of stopping such IN
trlgues. Count Julius Andrassy professcd
that he felt no alarm about the nationalist
and federalst aspirations of the Czechs
T South-Slavs and Ukrainians; nevertheless
he regarded the tendencies of the CZechs
grave danger for the dynasty and the
monarchy" They were proved disloyal
and part Of their troops went over to the
enemy. From the standpoint of the mon
archy, as a whole, he said: ut is undoubt-
eddy most harmful that the Slavs follow
so revolutionary policy That can only
lead to the collapse of Austria"
Andrassy admitted that he at first was
also hurt by the silence of the Premier
and the President of the Austrian Parlia-
ment, for if they approved the attacks
of the Czechs upon Hungary "a further
common life between these two states of
the monarchy would be IMPOSSIBLE; but
he went on to give grounds for conclud-
ing that their silence could not be con-
strued as approval
Then Dr. Wekerle, the Prime Minister.
assured the House that every possible
step was being taken to prevent Czech
agitation among the Slovaks of Hungary.
He had presented memorandum, he said
3. 10th to the Austrian Premier and tho
Emperor denouncing the Slav claims as
unjust and incompatible with Hungarian
interests and demanding that steps be
taken to punish such attacks in future.
1t contained this passage: "And as it
concerns us, too, whether our neighbor
Austria is organized on federalist, or q
dual basis, l went so far as to declare
that unless the ground were energetically
cut away from under these intrigues the
process of dissolution must begin"
Wekerle went on to assert that the
Savs must revise their aspirations by
bringing them into harmony with the
dualist basis of the empire He appealed
for unity as the best guarantee against
olav aspirations. "That," he said, sis our
strong and impregnable fortress, if the
golden band which unites us is strength
ened by the support of the crown And to
prove its impregnable character | venture,
with his majesty's permission, to an
nounce his declaration, but there is not
even the bare possibility of his majesty
not employing all his authority to nullify
'Hcrts directed against the lawful indie
andence or territorial integrity of the
ungarian state"
This caused the Slavs-Czechs and
/, south Slavs--in the Austrian Parliament
| TO return to the fight. They interpellated
the Premier about his attitude in this
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17

tho same period 100000 approximately
10000 per million. Hungary had lost $780,
900, approximately 10000 per million. At
the outbreak of the population of the
Central Empires was about two and half
times great as that of the United King
dom; their losses of births had apparently
been ten times as great"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Electricity and War in the
Kaiser's Domain

THE 'Frankfurter Zeitung" announces
that the German government has
requisltioned all electrical machinery and
apparatus, and it is not now possible to
buy or sell electric motors without special
permit.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
\ Standpoint That Must Be
a Interpreted With Discrimination

Then on January another session of
the committee was held, at which Baron
Won dem Bussche, Under Secretary of
State in the Foreign Office, made this
statement: "The standpoint of the I'M
perial Chancellor remains unchanged in
regard to the right of peoples to self
determination; but his standpoint must
not be interpreted merely in the interests
OF the Entente. The version printed in
the neutral press, according to which the
Russian delegates rejected the German
proposal Of December % as not discuss
ible, is in fact Incorrect"
About the same time the Chancellor
himself invited the party leaders of the
majority to his palace and assured them
that he still adhered to his declaration,
made in the Reichstag on November 20,
IN regard to self-determination, and this
renewal of his avowal is described in the
"Berliner Tageblatt" as having had a
visiby soothing effect even upon the So
cial Democrats" That declaration in the
Reichstag was in the following words:
"As for the future of Poland Courland and
Llthuanla, we can leave it to the self deter
minatlon of their peoples We expect them
to give themselves such a political structure
as answers to their conditions and the ten
dency Of their culture"
And there the matter rests for the
present, and the world is waiting to see
how the Chancellor will make good hi
words. Now that the Bolshevik delegatea
have refused to play longer at peace max
ing and have gone home without a peace
treaty the world seems invited to watch
all the more eagerly to see what Hertling
will do with his promise.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Maxims of the War
4 LBERT GUINON has some interest
y ing "Maxims of the Warp in lie

4 .LBERT GUINUN has some interest
"A ing "Maxims of the War" in lie
Gaulois," of Paris, few of which follow:
THE Germans are excellent creators of
the irreparable."
"The tendency of some persons to see
transcendent genius in the enemy command
ers is not evdence of the spirit of JUS
tice, but merely form of fear
There some statesmen who join to
their political folly the brusque manners of
honest men,"
"Let us appreciate at its full value, which
is of the highest, the organizing faculty Of
the Germans; but let not forget that our
allies. the English, have organized the uni
verse"
SIN politics. when one has solemnly pro-
nounced certain words, cannot say the
contrary. But one can do it,"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
7 hungary Grows FESTIVE Under thu
L 1 Raging Of the Czechs

The correspondent, however, has his
The government he says, has adopted the
policy in Parliament of letting the Czechs
rage to their hearts content; and this was
causing discomfort in Hungary. Besides,
nobody knows whether this comedy NAV
not turn some day into a serious matter,
and II the government does not show
more resolution in making the Parlia-
ment comprehend the seriousness of its
tasks the government will some day find
Itself IN situation that it cannot mas
ter. 1t cannot be doubted that it's au-
thority must in the long run suffer great
ly if it continues it's present attitude"
In subsequent dispatch the same cor
respondent refers to numerous deser-
tons of Czechs to the Italians and their
general attitude at home, and then states
their political calculations in this form !:
If the Entente wins, then the wishes of
the Czechs will be fulfilled without fur
Their effort, for the Entente has been able
to reach the conclusion that the Czech
people, in their sympathies and their
strlvings, are on the side of the Entente
On the other hand, if the Central Powers
win out, then Austria will see that it has
disconnected nation within it's borders
to be appeased, and will perforce have to
give the Czechs what they want.
After the above events the Czechs,
South Slavs and Ruthenians of Galicia
offered on December 3 a resolution in the
Austrian delegations asking for the ap.
whose task should be to secure the right
of self-determination of the various ma
tionalities. The Czech Deputy Stanek.
speaking to this resolution, referred to
conditions in Hungary as "a travesty of
all civilization" The President called him
to order, and thereupon followed such a
scene of wild and noisy confusion as onlv
Austrian political assemblies are able to
pull off.
During the next day or two the Czechs
and South Slavs pelted the government
with interpretations and questions. and
the Czech leader Stransky made an ex-
ceedingly violent attack upon the Hun.
garan delegates to the joint committee
("delegations") of the Dual Monarchy.
Facher, German deputy, said that Aus
TRANS and Hungarians would have to
stand together in repelling "the mighty
onslaught upon the existence of Austria
and Hungary undertaken by the Czechs
and South Slavs."
From all which the conclusion may be
drawn that the harmonious relations be-
tween Austria's subject races and their
government, with which many Austro-
German reports have tried to deceive the
world since the war began, do not exist
The beautiful contentment of these races
is a myth.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17

commune TO nope tnat they Will attain their
object through our yielding disposition We
must deprive them of that hope"
Some of the Conservative leaders even
demanded in their public speeches that
the German military leaders should de-
eide what territory Germany should take
from Russia, emphasizing the idea that
purely strategical considerations should
prevail; in other words, Germany should
take whatever territory might seem neces-
sary for giving it strong military from
tier. And the National Liberal members
Of the Reichstag, not to be outdone in pa
triotic zeal, adopted unan mously a reso-
luton to the same intent and purpose.
<sNT 70 More Remuneration! No
IN More Foolish Concessionsi''
Junker organs appeared to get great
satisfaction from the changed prospect at
Brest-Litovsk. The "Deutsche Zeitung,"
of Berlin, wrote: eve hope that the time
has now come when we can and must
cast from US that, whole lie of July 10
(referring to the Reichstag's peace reso-
lution). We must cut loose, morally and
actually, from the ill-starred declaration
of December 20 at Brest-Litovsk." The
Berlin "Neueste Nachrichten," organ of
the Krupps and other industrial mag
mates, shouted: "No more remuneration,
no more foolish concessions" On the
other hand, the "Vosssche Zeitung,"
which was anxious to conclude a peace
with Russia as quickly as possible in
order to pave the way for an alliance
against England, thought that Germany
had already lost her case at Brest-
Litovsk, and the paper furiously attacked
Kiihlmann.
Now as to the question of the Russian
version of what occurred on December
~, and the German reaction to it. On
January a, in a session of the main COM
mittee of the Reichstag, Chancellor Count
, Won Hertling complained that the Russian
press was accusing the Germans of UNI
fairly backing down from their declara.
ton of Christmas Day in favor of self
determination. He said that he "repelled
this lnsinuation," and added that the par
agraphs IN question were dictated by
purely practical considerations, and we
cannot depart from them"
Referring to these words, the "Vor-
warts" the Socialist organ, remarked:
we are sorry to have to say that either
the information given to the committee
by the Chancellor was incomplete or else
the Petersburg Telegraph Agency reports
something that is not true"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1918-02-17
Two Principles Underlie All
i Constitutional Reform

Turning to the question Of constitu-
tlonal reform in Austria itself, the Pre-
mler said this must be governed by two
Fundamental principles-the assertion Of
the unity of the Austrian state and the
malntcnapce of the existing frontiers Of
each Grown land (province). Referring
then to the efforts to place individual
units OF the Austrian state in looser
relation to it, the Premier said:
Il must emphasize that such views do not
coincide with the programme of the govern
ment, which holds that any loosening of the
state structure would not be of advantage to
the state or to its component parts. 1t would
in any case be quite impossible to try to
solve such problems during the war. H.
however, the aim of such tendencies is to get
enemies to enforce by means of peace
conditions that could only come into being
from within and by the will of the state as
a whole, then such tendencies must be most
strongly condemned and rejected.
I'm maintaining the existing provincial
frontiers. the decisive idea is that the Crown
lands. they are to-day. are organisms of
historic growth, and are alive in the popular
consciousness, and consequently that no or
ganic change in our constitutional develop
mont could ignore these fundamental elc-
l'lSI'o III tHc SNdte' \IIOteSCS.)
He concluded by assuring Hungarian
public opinion that the Austrian govern
ment is planning nothing which could in
amy way impair the inviolability of Hun
garian territory or that foundation of the
state, the dual system, and that it must
repudiate any tendencies toward such an
upheaval.'
The Vienna correspondent of the
"Frankfurter Zeitung" said of these Slav
interpretations that if they could be
taken seriously they would mean civil
war and revolution. Putting the question:
What power is there to back up this
threat? the correspondent adds that Aus.
tria is far from being Russia, civil order
in the state is nowhere undermined, and
1.-The Czech troops, as precaution, are
mixed on the 'front.'
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1918-03-12
ANOTHER DlSLOYAI. ONE UNCLOAkED.

Receiving a pamphlet from The National War Profits Tax Leaone " signed by Ben F. Salmon, and which advocated the conscription of all in- come of more than $5,ooo a year for war purposes, Editor Wadley of tAe TeNarkana TeNarkanian inyestisated and ascertained that Salmon was con. Vlcted at Denver for failure to return ms questionnaire, and that ne was expelled by the Knights of Columbus on account of the attitude he has talk eh towards the war This is inst ahot'er incident to show how crafty are the disloyal. and how insidious are the methods used in the efforts in create dissemsion in America and prevent general cooperation in the war on Germany.