davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
Price Uncertainty
Restricts Trading
In Cotton Goods
Mills Lack Labor and Await
Washington Decision on
DifferentiaIs

Trading in cotton goods has been
generally quiet at first hands. Differ
entails are being figured out at Wash
ington on many lines of goods to cor
respond with the base prices announced
earlier in the monS>> and announce
ments of the results are yet to come
on several important divisions. To the
price-fixing uncertainty has been added
the effect of sharp declines in cotton
and further hesitation on the part of
jobbers and retailers. The mills con-
tinue as busy as limited labor supplies
permit. Further large government or
ders are being completed and sent on
to the mills, the allotments being
made by trade committees.
Mills are not selling gray goods
freely for future delivery, as many of
them prefer to await final decisions as
to prices. Some business is being
booked for the last quarter of the year
on the government basis, and a few
mills continue to accept orders on odd
goods, the price to be subject to re-
vision. Wash goods buyers and others
who must provide merchandise for the
coming spring are either making selec-
tlons, subject to price confirmation
later, or placing their business in mod
erate volume on the cloths of a fancy
or novelty character that can be made
only in limited quantities. Staple bust
ness is generally in small volume. Sec
ond-hand holders of goods are liquidat-
ing some of the high priced stocks
slowly.
Quotations are nominal and irregu-
lar. Print cloths. 28-inch, 64x64. 14c:
64x60, 1870; 38h inch, 64x64, 16Ac;
brown sheetings, Southern standards.
Csc; denms, 2.2O, Southern indigo.
371ac; tickings, 8 OF, 421kc; prints,
22c; staple ginghams, 221ac; dress
glnghams, 271ac and 32kc.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
Dyer Arrested as 'Loafer"
Court to Decide Whether His
. Work Is Essential

William McCrede, 81 West Eleventh
Street. commutes daily from Atlantic
Highlands to engage in his business of
dyeing rhinestones. beads and the like,
according to his statement yesterday to
Magistrate Corrigan in the Jefferson
Market Court when arraigned under
the anti-loating law.
McCrede said he was employed by his
mother r-in-law. who conducts a dyeing
establishment in the basement of the
apartment building where he lives with
the family. At present the family has
removed its summer establishment to
New Jersey. Detective Taczkowski de.
clared he hasn't seen McCrede work in
six years. Magistrate Corrigan decided
to allow the Court of Special Sessions
to determine the war value OF Nc
Crede's business.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
New York Breaking
Employment Records

More persons were at work in June,
1918. at the various New York State
Industries than had been employed in
any previous June, according to the
report by the State Industrial Commits
sion. Payrolls for June this wear
were 8 per cent larger than the total
for May. In fact. June broke all rec
ords as to aggregate amount, and this
IS regarded as indicative of the inten-
slty, of industrial activity
The food, liquors and tobacco groups
of industries showed the greatest in
crease in number of workers Printing
decline. The metal industries had Is
per cent more employees than in June.
1917. Shipbuilding attracted a gain of
per cent in employees.
Since March, 1918. each month has
seen a new record in the average
weekly earnings per employee The new
high mark set in June is S2044, an in
crease of fifty-three cents over MAY.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
Imitation Expands
Cost Of the War
Economic Strangulation
Faces the Enemy

And incidentally, like most things,
the price OF war has gone up. 1t costs
a nation much more to fight now than
it did in 1914. Imitation is a factor
here. Moreover, as the war went on it
began to cover longer and larger area
and to affect more people. The larger
offensives on the battlefield soon in
troduced new high marks in the con-
sumption Of wealth. In fact, the people
of the world have never spent as much
money on any other single enterprise
as they have on this war. Calculation
at this time Of the number of canals
that could have been constructed. arid
lands irrigated, slums wiped out. social
and educational experiments carried
on, drudgery eliminated would for all
practical purposes be like crying over
spilled milk. Yet in the future. per-
haps, when the people are considering
cost in connection with the adoption Of
some great humanitarian, constructive
reform. their boldness and financial
courage may be greater because Of tho
adventure in spending that they have
had In the last four years.
The trend Of daily war expenditures
is illustrated by Great Britain's record.
In the first six months of the war the
average daily cost was $1o,ooo,ooo. It
grew in the fiscal year 1915-1s to $1e,-
100000, and in 1851 to $27.b60 900
At present Great Britain's daily expen-
diture approximates s35.oooooo. The
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
.o CHILDREN eating chocolate

"O CHILDREN eating chocolate
candy fundamental principle
about the nature of things is
frequently revealed for the first time
They learn by experiment that, though
one piece of candy is good, two pieces
are better and five still better, fifteen
let US say-are not good at all, for
they produce no pleasure, but a
stomach ache. In all things there
is a margin beyond which an increase
in the units will not result in a gain
of satisfaction or of efficacy. Econ
omists call this principle the law Of
diminishing utility 1t applies to
steam engines and money accumula-
tions and Chautauqua lecturers as
well as to chocolate.
War finance illustrates the princi.
pie clearly. The debts of the nations
which are bearing the brunt of this
war have in the aggregate long ago
passed the point beyond which the
human mind can appreciate changes.
The enormity of the financial oblga-
tons has proved an an@sthesia to the
popular mind, which no longer can be
very much impressed by an increase
of few tens of billions of dollars.
The plain citizen is completely at a
loss to understand the meaning of
financial operations on scale never
before attempted. And the specialists
sre hardly more certain of the direc-
tion along which the unprecedented
rolling up of debt is leading. The &C.
cumulated experience of all mankind
in things financial offers little light
or guidance. Until the war ends the
men charged with managing the
finances of the belligerents will prob
ably continue along the general paths
they have followed for the first four
years. After the war the colossal
need of economic statesmen will arise
Problems of funding the floating debt,
refunding maturing long obligations,
meeting the ever-rising interest
charges without depriving the nations
of the resources they need for recon-
struction, halting imitation and stabi-
izing the value of paper currency
these and hundred others will chal-
lenge the best of thought and origi-
nality in the way Of economic plan
ming that the people of the world can
contribute.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
German Indemnity
Depends on Victory

"The greater part Of the war ex-
penditure 10 productive and Is eco
nomicslly employed in our country. It
therefore represents no loss. Whether
We obtain a wax indemnity or not can
not be said. That depends on victory
which We have yet to win, but the
bankruptcy Of the German Empire Is
unthinkable 30 long a. our enemies do
not succeed in smashing NJ. (This
speech WAS mads before the Germans
started their great offensive on March
2l. many months before Foch took the
initiative and foreshadowed the smash
ing Of the snemy.)
"one condition. however. must be
fulflled-the freedom Of competition.
A free way for German work In the
whole world must again be won. Then
We shall be able to carry our war ex.
penditure more easily than either Eng.
land Or France. Over the door Of Ger
manys future stand the words, Work
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
The Economic Staying
Power of Nations

Meantime aside from the desire of
each nation to make its war financing
as sound as possible, the chief inter
est of the belligerents is focused on
the economic staying power Of it's
group of adversaries. If the nations
OF Europe were playing up to form
were fulfilling the pre-war prophecies
of economists and bankers-few of
them would be able to face a fifth
year Of world strife without ghastly
fears as to where the money was COM
ing from. Financial observers are I'M
pressed by the striking fact that, no
matter how near some Of the present
belligerents may be to economic ruin,
they are still able to retain the out
ward forms Of solvency and have as
yet averted the long anticipated COL
lapse.
From the Allied standpoint, the burn
ing question is how long can the Teu-
tonic alliance go before an economic
breakdown will come. Observers do
not seem to be able to reach any agree
ment on this subject. Some say that
Germany and her helpmates will be
able to finance the war until the bitter
end, and then she will be ruined unless
able to exact large indemnities from
her enemies. Others hold that Ger
many and her allies have already ex-
ceeded their financial limits, and only
the stimulus Of war activity is post
pon1ng the collapse which may come
at any moment. This view Is not held
only in irresponsible quarters. An
drew Bonar Law, Chancellor Of the
ESchequer in Great Britain, in pre-
senting the budget for tho current
year. said bankruptcy seemed immi
nent in Germany. After recounting
the broad details Of Germany's balance
sheet. Mr.. Bonar Law said: "If that
were our position, would say that
bankruptcy was not very far distant"
On the other hand, Herr Rudolph
Havcrstein, president of the Reichsbank
OF Germany, recently said, in urging
the people Of the Fatherland to nut
their savings in the eight German
war loans, that Germany's financial no.
s'tion was moro favorable than that of
the Allies.
The financial position of Germany"
the foremost Teuton banker said, "is
moro favorable than that of our enc
mics. Germany's war expenditure up
to the present time has been about 107
milliards Of marks. Of which 10 per
cent is covered by long date loans. In
England tho percentage il only e
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
Joins Federal Reserve

WASHINGTON. July 27-The Coun-
ty Trust Company, of White Plains,
n. Y, with resources of S2,561 900, has
been admitted to the Federal Reserve
system.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
The American
Balance Sheet

When the United States entered the
war its national debt equalled 81 OOo
100000, or 5000 per capita. 1t now
amounts to $7,ooo,ooo,ooo, including
war stamps and temporary certificates
OF indebtedness outstanding, or s63.63
per capita. Interest on the debt before
the war amounted to s23.0o0,oOo a year
or $o.21 per capita, and now it totals
S49s,e1l 1920, or s4.24 per capita. The
debt is given exclusive of loans to AL
lies but the interest rate is figured on
the gross Indebtedness including loans
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
Enlists in the Navv

Thomas F. Herman, of the New York
Stock Exchange firm of H. F. Neon
nell & Co., has enlisted in the navy.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28

daily rate in France in the first year OF
the war was $780, 900, and it now ex-
ceeds $22,oOO,O00. For the first year
Italy fought her daily expenditures
averaged $3,Ooo,oO0, against $12,00o,o0O
at the present time. Germany's daily
cost in the early days of the war was
$4,000, 900 and now it is estimated at
$31, 100000. Austria's daily rate in
1914 was s5,O0o,ooO, against $13,5oo,ooo
day four years later.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28

Although there has been a reluc-
tFnce IN Germany to reveal the details
OF her war financing, more is known
about fiscal conditions in GERMANY
than in Austria Hungary, Bulgaria or
Turkey. The total debt of Austr;a
hungary on August 1 next, it is esti-
mated will be $1s,ooo,ooo, ,ooo or sa4o
per capita, compared with a debt four
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
The Weather Report

WASHINGTON. July 27.--A rapid rise In press.
ure In tho extreme Northwest has been attended nv
cooler weather. and similar condition exists over
the north upper lake region. but ese,yher, high
temperatures continue. except in the south Atlantic
and east Gulf states where quite general thundsr
showers prevented rise.
~, There we're also showers in Tennessee the lower
ONO Valley. Indiana and the Northwest Else
where generally fair weather prevailed
showers VIII continue Sunday and Monday In
hama f and Tennessee There will also be showers
sunday or Sunday night in the upper lake region
IN the Oho Valley. the lower lake region the
middle Atlantic states and New England the
weather Will be generally fair Sunday and Monday
Ihero Will be no temperature changes OF con-
sequence except IN the northern portions OF New
YORK and New England. where 1t viii be some
what cooler Sunday. and in lower Michigan
where 1t will be cooler Sunday night
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
War Finance ertile
Field for Research

The task of ascertaning the precise
cost of the war will offer fruitful
subject for scholarly research for many
years after the war is over The ma
terial will become more readily avail
able after the strife is past, and pa
tient scholars will be able to digest
complete statement. Until then sur
veys based on the facts which finance
ministers desire to give the world will
have to hold the field.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28

Though Russia is no longer a bellie
erent and her financial condition NAV
have no relation to the winning of the
war, several leading items in her fiscal
record are of Importance, particularly
IN view of the recognized need of re-
habilitating Russia The present yalue
of the ruble is so greatly deprecated
that it would be misleading to express
the Russian debt in American monev
The ruble intrinsically is worth 51.5
cents. Russia's total expenditures in
the three and one-half years she was
in the war reached 51,45O,7 200, 900 rubles
(about $25, ,725, 100000 in normal times).
and her total debt when she withdrew
from the war exceeded 49,287, 800 ,698
rubles (about S24,643, ,9O4,s4e). against
9,S8S,3o9,69S rubles (about s4,944,154,
849) in 1914. The United States ad-
vanced 1926, 100000 to Russia.
The United States place among the
belllgerents is unique. The compare
lively short time she has been in the
war, the large proportion which ad-
vances to Allies make of the total
moneys raised since April 6, 1917, and
the tremendous wealth of the nation
distinguish the United States from all
the other leading belligerents.
Since entering the great war the
United States raised s15,915, ,283 900 in
excess of the normal government in
come in the following ways:
Raised by Liberty loans. SO, ,985, ,2s3 600
Certificates cutstanding... 100000 Oo0
War savings certificates. 43O 600 0n0
halsed by revenue. 1000, ,0o0, 900
increase over normal
revenues attributable
to war;
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28

to the Allies. The United States debt
statement follows:
Total Debt
Aug. I. 1914 Aug. /, 1913
81. .0o0, 10000 $1,000, ,000, 900
Excluding loans
to Allies)
Per Capita Debt
1914 1918
5000 $72.72
Interest Charges
$2s,ooo,ooo s4se,e11,a2o gross
Per Capita Interest Charges
1914 1918
$.21 1854
The we'll. being Of the Allied coun-
tries compared with the Central Pow
crs is shown by statement of their
economic resources. The national
wealth of the leading Allied nations
follow: United States, $780, 100000
900; United Kingdom, $9o,ooo,Oo 900;
France, $4,000, 100000; Italy, s3o,ooo,-
100000. Russia's national wealth
equals $65,Oooo 100000. The population
of these nations follows: United
States, 110,0000oO; United Kingdom,
47,000,00O; France, 40,000,000; Italy,
36,0ooOoo. Russa's population is esti-
mated at 175,000,OO0. The per capita
wealth of these nations follows: United
States, $2,273; United Kingdom, $1,915;
France, $1,625; Italy, 1888. Russia's
per capita wealth amounts to $343.
Including the smaller Allied nations
and Russia, the total national wealth
of the alliance amounts to $6O1 100000
900, against s129,OOO,oO for the
Central Powers; population, 1,296,OOO,-
000, against 14S,0OO,0OO; per capita
wealth, $462, against 1872.
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
Forecast for Special Localities

Eastern New York-Fair to- day not quite so warm
In northern and western portions: TO morrow fair
Norlien New England-Fair to-day somewhat
cooler to morrow fair
Eastern Pennsylvania Delaware New Jersey
Fair to-day and to morrow: little change in tenn
perature
Western Pennsylvania cloudy TO-DAY.
20 morrow fair; little change in temperature
Western New York-Party cloudy to- day some
what cooler in eastern portion: TO morrow fair
southern New England-Fair to-day and to NOR
ro.; somewhat cooler to- OH The coast
Local Official Record The following official rec
ord from the Weather Bureau shows Temperatures
with the corresponding date Of last year:
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28

Highest temperature yesterday. "a degrees lat
p NJ lowest, 10 TAT s a. m.) average II aver
age same date last year 81 average same dat.
for thirty three years. "A. Na'o
Humidity
a. M ..s4 p m....5s - m,s
Barometer Readings
a. M 3o2o ! p. IN. 1919 D. M so 12
Local 0nlcaI Forecast-Fair to-day and TO-
morrow not quite SO warm: moderate southw.s,
winds becoming variable to morrow
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28
Taxes insufficient
For Debt Service

GERMANY
Total Debt
Aug. I, 1914 AUG 1919
$500, 100000 $4,000 ooo ooo
Per Capita Debt
Aug. !, 1914 AUG 1919
$|0'4o , $500
1914 ,o,o
$2o8 100000 S1soo M I'm
Per Capita Interest Charges
80 20 1918
Average Daily War Cost
1e 49, no> 1918
~'o'oovo" $31,25o,o0o
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28

Total raised to date. .$15,et5,2e COO
expenditures include loans to the
Allles amounting to date of s5,845,314.-
100 out of total credits of $6,3SOo4O
600, extended as follows:
New-York tribune., 1918-07-28

CT CHPItH IHIcEE5t CHaEEe
1914 1918
$3.t9 $29.50
Average Daily War Cost
1914 1918
$4,000, 900 $34,93o, 600
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-17
NEW BREED OF SHYSTERs
Fattenine Mt Expense of Insured De
pendents of Our Soldiers.

Legal vultures and shysters in
Washington are seeking to fatten at
the expense of the insured depend
ents OF our soldiers who find their
graves In France. To this end, ac-
cording to congressman. who have
lawyer sharks are sending contracts
to widows and bereaved mothers Of
fering to collect the insurance due
them from the government s%for. 20
per cent Of the amount obtained.
All such communications should
be ignored. The government IL
prompt and honorable in settling all
met death in France on June Z. News
OF 1t reached the relatives on juno
10. and within a week thereafter
came the blanks to be filled out In
order to obtain the insurance. It 10
safe to say that all similar claims
will he adjusted with equal expedi-
tipn, unless heavy casualty list
mofient, In this particular case
later, and the dependents by signing
them established their claim to
monthly compensation under the
law. They were. ais visited by an
agent Of tho government authorized
to advance them money Of which
tney mlgnC pc IN uF4onL need. Tne
marine in question wa insured for
$1,000. This gives his widow $28.75
per month tor twenty years, or about
$500 in all. In addition she gets a
pehsion of SIS per month and so .
month for her dependant child, .
monthly total OF .$82.76. I. Insurance
and allowances are paid IN monthly
IinstAilments, are not aastgnabls, and
not subject to the claims OF creditors
either Of tho insured or OF his bone
Notary. Tho insurance runs for $40
monthly payments. twenty yeafs.-
lRochester Post-Express
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-17
EAST GRAND FORKS
much INTEREST
SHOWN IN Mill
Potato Factory May be Lo-
Gated in Hamm Brewing
Co. Building.

-. HNssHt.- -yJHNss-.t "a i. y.. "a. E..Hslh ga3Ef
:. Keen interest centers,. around the
plans for a potato mill which local
business men are celebrating upon.
An excellent market for the potatoes
Of the community would be created
if the plans go through. The Hamhn
brewery building would be Used for
the plant and every effort Of the po-
tato farmers is being used to push
the proposition.
Engineers OF the Potato Machinery
company Of Minneapolis were in the
city this week. making estimates Of
the cost Of such an institution and in
q few days expect to have the figures
ready. This is the same company
which is erecting the mill at Bemidji,
Of the Bemidji Products company.
This company, capitalized at 100000,
lis composed Of business men and
farmers who are interested in the
work in that vicinity, and the mill
will be in operation November Is.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-17
MORE COLLEGES
ACCEPTDFOR
TRAINING MEN
More Than ESQ Schools in
Country now Being Used
as Training Camps

Washington, Aug. 17.-Acceptance
today Of rs additional colleges az
training centerB for soldiers in the
students army training corps brought
to 2b7 the number OF such tnstitn.
tions ready for organization and equip
ment. Details were Of the plans for
the corps with relation to the new
draft law which will be made known
by the war department. The col.
leges' accepted today include: Mithi',
gan. Agriculture, EastSLansing: Hi,
nois. Lewis Institute, Chicago; North.
western, Naperville; Augustana. Rocl
Island; James Milliken, Decatur,
Monmouth; st. Ignatius. Chicago.
Minnesota-Gustavus Adolphus, st
Peter; st. Olaf, Northfeld; St. Thorn.
as, st. Paul; Minnesota, Minneapolis
Iowa-Simpson, Indianola; Ellis
worth, Iowa Falls; State, Cedar Falls;
State Teachers. Cedar Falls; Morning.
side, Sioux City.
S. Dak.-Agricultural, Brookings.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-17
EAST SIDE BRIEFS

Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Burkhart and
son Jack, who have been visiting
friends in the city. returned yesterday
to Crookston where they will remain
for a few days before leaving for
Santiago, CAL, to reside.
Mrs. j. e. Chapman and her sis
ter. Miss Grace Barrett of this city
who for the past five weeks have been
in Rochester where the former has
been receiving treatment, returned
this morning to the city. Mrs. Chap
mans condition is considerably i'm
proved.
Miss Beatrice Bent returned today
from a weeks visit with friends and
relatives at Key West. =
Morning worship with sermon by
DR.. Stolz at the Mendenhall Presby-
terrain church at II o'clock. Sunday
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-17
MANY leave FOR
FIELDS TONIGHT
Cars will Await then, on De
Mers Ave.-More Men
Are Needed.

N . -
This, evening at six-thirty. another
group of local business men will
gather and await transportation to
the harvest fields, where they plan
on donating a couple of hours to
assisting the busy farmer.
Last evening a dozen carloads of
men scattered through the county
and the farmers report that a won
derful amount of assistance was rem
dered by them. One group in par
ticular consisting of from twenty
five ito thirty men succeeded in
shocking nearly seventy acres.
One OF, the most pleasing features
ne this, method Of assistance is that
the proceeds are turned over to the
red Cross fund. In this way not
only the farmer is benefited, but also
the Red Cross. One man mentioned
the fact that a business mans
muscles become soft if they are not
given a workout occasionally and he
stated that the benefits might he
divided among three: The man, the
farmer and the Red Cross,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1918-08-17

FURNISH ID men
Will Leave 2eth Of this
Month for Training at
! Camp Grant, Ill.

Several men from East Grand
Forks will undoubtedly be called, in
an order received yesterday by Coun-
ty Auditor Welte. asking that IA men
be cent from Polk county to Camp
Grant, ILL.,, next Saturday. Who the
men are had not been determined yes
terday, as the officials were evidently
waiting to receive information az to
whether the men would be taken from
the 1918 or 1917 classes.
There are to be 1000 men from
Minnesota. taken in this call. There
will be 90 from northern counties.
who will gather at Crookston and
will be Joined by IA more at Ada.
This is a very small quota from
Polk county, as most of the recent
contingents have been of larger num-
bers.