davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1918-03-31
FEW TOOLS REQUIRED
FOR GARDEN MAKING
Outfit of Five Implements All Nee
essary to Cultivate Tract
Of Half Acre.

What tools are necessary for the cul-
tivation of a home vegetable gardeno
One hoe, one rake, one spading fork.
one garden trowel or dibble and one
hand cultivator.
Not an elaborate or expensive outfit,
yet with these the average man may
cultivate successfully garden up to
half an acre in size. Add to these a
length of stout cord-a carpenters S
chalk line is best-with two-short- point
ed rods, to serve to mark off the rows,
and the equipment is complete as far
as necessary tools are concerned.
The hoe and rake handles should be
measured and marked at six-inch inter-
walls up to three and one-haf feet to
be used as measuring sticks in meas
uring off the rows. The ends Of hoe
and rake handles may be used to mark
out the row along the string.
The hand cultivator has several at
tachments, like plow. shovels. cultiva-
tor teeth. rake and weeder. This is a
handy tool, and even in a large garden
may be made to do the work of culti-
walton.
The garden trowel is especially use
full in digging up and transplanting
the strongest and best and may some
times be purchased in a 10-cent store.
There are other tools which are
tempting for special purposes. but they
are really not necessary for ordinary
gardening.
There are six or seven kinds of hoes.
and. except for the one most used the
narrow -bladed pointed one is most use
full for working around small plants.
The dibhle is a blut-pointed tool used
in opening up the ground for trans
planting plants but the garden trowel
is better than the dibbie for the pur-
nose. 4 watering pot is useful for
watering plants. The hand weeder is
net essential manure fork is OF
service in a large garden to handle
manure dead vines and other rash.
Too many garden tools are an unneees-
sary eN.rava gance.
Evening star., 1918-03-31

More chow to grow" instructions in the
cultiva ton of staple garden vegetables
nrepared by experts of the Department OF
Agriculture. are given below. and resi-
dents of the District of Columbia ana
suburbs who are beginning the pianths
of war gardens will find in them all tnes
will need to know as to the proper tine
of planting, methods OF cultlvatlon' etc.,
of the vegetables discussed.
Emphasis is again laid by department
garden experts on the advisability OF pre-
pairing in advance list OF those veseta-
bles most liked by the family and then
planning and planting the war garden
with only the vegetables on the list. II
this is done the garden will consist OF
staples as far as each family is concerned
and no seed, labor or ground will be vast
ed in trying to grow things not suited
to local conditions and not especially
cared for by members of the family.
The latest "how to grow" bulletins deal
with cucumbers. spinach. sweet corh'
early cabbage and lima beans.
How to Grow Cucumbers.
The soil for cucumbers should be ricn'
sandy loan, rather moist but not wei.
The seed may be planted in berry bas-
kets or on sods in the hotbed and these
transferred to the open ground, or the
seed may be placed directly in the ground
Considerable time will be saved by start
ing the plants in the hotbed. In either
nasa they should not be placed in the
omen until the ground has warmed up.
which will be about four weeks after the
last killing frost in the spring:
They may be planted in hills four feet
apart each way or drilled In rows seven
eighteen inches apart in the rows. 1t is
a good plan to use an abundance Of well
rotted manure in the hills or in the rows.
Cucumbers should receive frequent shall
low cultivation until the vines begin TO
tion is required They are ready for use
az soon as large enough. and no fruit
Evening star., 1918-03-31
Too Much Salt Kills Fowls.

A typical example Of accidental poi
soning by salt has been described by a
correspondent Of the bureau of animal
industry in letter reading as follows:
"A cake was made at home and by
mistake salt was used instead of sugar.
We fed the cake to a pen OF nine pullets
eight months old The next morning
they were all found dead. Will you
please be kind enough to let me know
what YOU think of it? Will too much
salt kill chickens?
Fowls are very susceptible to poison
ing by common salt as one-ffteenth OF
an ounce of salt per pound of live
weight is sufficient TO kill. II is very
dangerous to allow fowls access to-.
that used for salt fish.
Evening star., 1918-03-31
SUGGESTIONS FOR WAR GARDEN AND POULTRY YARD

cellent plan to grow early cabbage for
summer kraut making, as it has been
found that kraut may be made at the
time that early cabbage NATURES and
will keep successfully. 1t is much
easier to produce early cabbage than
the later varieties for this purpose.
How to Grow Sweet Corn.
Plant sweet corn about the time of the
last killing frost in spring and make three
or four successive paintings at intervals
of two weeks. From a quarter pint to a
half pint of seed is sufficient for hun
three feet apart and thin to a single
stalk every ten to fourteen inches. or
plant five or six seeds in hills three feet
apart each way. and thin out to three to
five stalks in a hill Cover the seeds about
two inches deep. Cultivate frequently,
taking care to remove all suckers from
around the base of the stalks.
Lima beans should not be planted un-
til the ground is thoroughly warmed up
as they are heat-loving crop and the
seed will rot if planted when the ground
is cold. Most gardeners prefer the pole
varieties, as they yield better than the
bush varieties and are superior to the
bush varieties in many other respects.
One marked advantage of the pole beans
fence. utilizing the fence as a support for
the vines. In this manner a crop of beans
can be secured with the use of a minimum
amount of spacing.
When planted in rows in the garden,
pole lima beans are usually planted in
hills three to four feet apart and support
ed poles or a string and wire treIlis.
The bush limas are usually drilled in
rows some three and one-half feet apart
for horse cultivation or slightly closer
for hand cultivation. The lima beans
are full season crop. that is, they occupy
the ground for the entire growing sea
son, and a sufficient amount should be
planted to provide for the needs of the
family for the entire season. Any surplus
not used green may be allowed to dy on
the vines. picked and stored for winter
use.
Lima beans constitute one of the most
: satisfactory crops for growing for win
ter's use. as the only care necessary to
save them Is to pick the ripe pods. dry
them thoroughly and shell the beans.
In the northern portion of the country.
where lima beans do not thrive. pole
beans of the lazy wife variety will give
satisfaction.
Evening star., 1918-03-31
Don't Sell Hens. Now.

Farmers north of the Ohio river long
have appreciated the advantage of get
ting their spring crop of eggs and mar
keting their hens after the laying sea-
son in the fall. Specialists of the United
States Department of Agriculture be-
lieve that adoption of this plan by
southern chicken raisers, instead of the
practice of sending hens to market at
this season. will prove more profitable
to the farmers. and the effect will be
the saving of millions Of eggs which
might otherwise be lost to the food
supply.
Evening star., 1918-03-31
Huns, Several Times on Verge of Supreme
Success, Made New Achievement In
Trench Warfare, He Asserts
TEUTONs OUTNUMBERED OPPONENTS
TWOTO ONE. FORGING A VAST RETREAT
Drive Success for Germans But Not Disaster for
Allies in That Continuity of Line Was Not
Broken Mr. Sirnonds Sums Up.
By FRANK HI. SIMONDS.

by the McClu
<IE German began Thursday, March two
wears the day the attack upon Nedun
seeks detail the events
during the days OF the great struggle summarizing
achievements and the question
engaged purposes disclosed by the
The selected for the offensive designed by the Ger
the whole the and
by crushing the British military forces
France fifty miles extent from the Scape river IN
La Fere and thus nearly
wide OF all previous great attacks
this nowhere else, the Germans held the advan
positions had retired from their old front to
line selected by their commanders after the battle OF the
all the good positions thus
pied the the British had driven them off the
best positions before Nimy ridge Lens
Hill before Ipre all the famous heights from Mes
sines to the flooded area northwest of the OF Ypres
Evening star., 1918-03-31

Use the of the growing season IN cu
family the United
between now and the Time "e Ian
frostse end growing season.
sode 40
to funh the 1000
the civilian populations u the
of within stones throw place "hefe
removed from the
and releases that much
other food abroad
the aV-
American citizen Negect
winter
further but
actua
lettuce
oaeto lis,
Evening star., 1918-03-31
Huns Advance, British Retreat.

On this Friday the British line near
Arras held. There was a marked de-
crease in the success OF the German
advance north of the Ba paume road
but to the south of this road, along the
Peronne highway and on the st. Quen-
n-Ham road, the German advance was
rapid and the British retreat was both
swift and becoming disorderly.
Haig had now to face the situation
which confronted Joffre on the morrow
of the failure of all French offensives in
the first month of the present war. De-
feated aBd outnumbered. with no chance
Of holding his enemy in any immediate
future. the problem Of the British COM
Evening star., 1918-03-31
GARDEN PRIMERS
FREE FOR ASKING

The national war garden commits
sion. Maryland building. Washing
ton, will send free one or more
copies of its war garden primer to
those writing for it.
All that is asked is that each per-
son writing for a copy Of the war
garden primer inclose in his or her
letter a 2-cent stamp to cover post
age. ..
The war garden primer contains
80 pages of information compiled
from authoritative sources and
covers every phase Of home gar
dening and vegetable raising.
Evening star., 1918-03-31
New Bulletins on Gardening.

Three new publications of the
Department of Agriculture are
intended to help the war garden
er. They are: The Farm Car
den in the North" Farmers Bull
letin ?37: Home Gardening in
the South" Farmers Bulletin 934,
and The City and Suburban Veg
etable Garden" Farmers Bulle-
tin 936 Other publica tions of the
department. each describing the
culture of an important garden
crop. are of special interest to
truck growers. Write the De-
partment of Agriculture for the
publication you need.
Evening star., 1918-03-31
PROPER RAT|0NS
FOR LAYING HENS
Hard Grains and Mash Needed
for Best Results, But Exer-
else Is Necessary.

The best results in feeding hens for
eggs are obtained by giving the birds
several meals day in such form that
they eat about equal amounts of soft
and hard feeds. When it is not con-
venient to hand-feed them in TINS way
very good results may be obtained ty
any plan that furnishes enough feed. In
the right variety. under such condi-
tions that they do not gorge them
selves at any time. and take exercise
enough to keep them in good condition.
Soft feeds for poultry are ground
grains and by-products. vegetables. the
flesh parts of animal feed substances.
and table scraps. which are mixture
of such things. Hard feeds are whole
and cracked grains. and the mineral
parts of animal feeds. Corn is the only
grain that needs to be cracked for ma
ture fowls.
Wet and Dry Mashes.
A soft feed mixture is called a mash
Mashes are fed either III moist or
in a dry state. The form in which the
mash is given determines the manner
of feeding it. and-to some extent
the method of feeding the hard grain
a illoiSl HidSH is usually given dS oHS
of two or more regular meals. and in
such quantity that it is all consumed
within short time. Table scraps with
enough ground feed to absorb any eX-
cess of moisture make a good moist
mash. A dry mash is usually fed in a
hopper from which the birds can eat
at will at all times, or, at least, for
several hours daily.
The dry mash method is most con-
venient for poultry keepers who are
1nt nd in cH nrt
winter days cannot attend to their
hens by daylight. With an ample sup
ply of dry mash in hopper. days
allowance of hard grain in the litter
ering the floor of the coop. a piece of
cabbage or of mangel-wurzel where
the hens can eat what they want of
it, fresh water and supplies of oyster
shell and grit in small hoppers. pro-
vision has been made for all needs of
the hens, and they will lay well,
though not. perhaps. quite as many
eggs as when handled two or three
times daily.
Dry Mash Formula.
A good recipe for a dry mash is:
Equal parts by weight. corn meal,
ground oats. wheat bran and beef
scraps. A good moist mash may be
made of the same meal ingredients
with only one-tnird the amount of
beef scraps. because a larger propor-
tion of concentrated animal feed in a
moist mash may cause bowel troubles.
With such a dry mash about a pint
of hard grain mixture (two parts
cracked corn. one part oats by weight)
to ten birds is required. With moist
mash as described above a pint and
half of the grain mixture will be re-
auired. If the moist mash is fed in the
morning. and the hard grain given in
two feeds. the first-consisting of
about one-third of the days allow
ance-may be given either at the time
of feeding the mash or toward noon.
and the remainder long enough before
dark to let the hens eat all they want
before going to roost.
Evening star., 1918-03-31
What Huns Have Done.

We can thus see roughly whit the Ger
mans have and have not accomplished
in this first week They have broken
through. they have scored the greatest
success in trench warfare and CAPTURED
thousands of prisoners. hundreds of
guns and an almost inca.culab.e amount
Evening star., 1918-03-31
EXPERTS INSTRUCT AMATEURS
IN WAR GARDEN CULTIVATION

should be allowed to ripen on the vines
1t is advisable to spray cucumbers with
Bordeaux mixture. as they are quite
liable to be injured by diseases.
For full discussion of insects and DIS
ca ses affecting cucumbers and remedies
for them, see Farmers Bulletin Sob. en-
titled Control of Diseases and Insect En-
emies of the Home Vegetable Garden"
How to Grow Spinach.
Spinach thrives in a rather cool cli-
mate and attains its best development
in the middle south. where it can be
grown in the open ground during the
winter. Farther north it is necessary
to protect the plants during the winter
with a mulch of straw or leaves. 10
produce good spinach rich loan which
will give the plants a quick growth is
required. Fall planting is to be recon-
mended wherever this is possible. as the
fall-planted spinach is not as much In
clined to go to seed as that planted in
the spring. One ounce of seed is sufh-
cfent for a 100-foot row, and this crop
may be sown in drills about one foot
apart.
Spinach is an easily grown garden
crop, and there is perhaps no other OF
its kind that will give good satisfac-
ton. In gathering spinach the entire
cutting of the leaves. The larger plants
are selected first. and the smaller ones
are thus given a chance to develop.
How to Grow Early Cabbage.
In the extreme southern portion Of
the United States cabbage may be set
in the autumn. This is also true of por
tions father north. When set in spring
the plants should be started in the win
dow box or in hotbeds some six weeks
before the average date of the last kill
ing frost in the particular locality.
They may be set in the gardens as soon
as the ground is in condition. For
horse cultivation the rows should be
from two and a half to three feet
apart, and the plants from twelve to
twenty inches apart in the rows. Cab
bage requires rich warm soil for early
maturing, a loan constituting a good
type of soil for the purpose. 1t is an ex-
cellent plan to put a shovelful of COM
post under each plant.
Early cabbage pust be used as soon
as it reaches maturity, or the heads are
liable to burst and be lost. 1t is an ex-
Evening star., 1918-03-31

1t pays 10 read the want columns ofT
The Star. Hundreds OF situations ara
filled through them.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28
LANFORD NEWS.

Lanford, Aug. 26.-Mrs. Don Burns
az Barksdale, is visiting her grand
mother, Mrs. o. r. Fowler, who has
Seen sick but is some better at present
Mrs. Ostelle Fowler, of Greenwood,
is visiting relatives here this week
The Rural Improvement Association
met at the home Of Mrs. c. l.. Waldrep
BaSt Friday az ernoon with good
Many present to enjoy the interesting
Yrogram and incidentally the delight
fdT refreshments served by Mrs. Wal
drep who was assisted by her daugh-
Gers and Miss Othello johnson. We
None to have many more good meet
Ings like this. The painting of the roof
OF our school building is now in pro-
;gress and we hope to have other neces-
saUy improvements ready for another
successful school term this time
Miss Eoinc Boggs, of Newton, N. c..
lis visiting at the home Of her grand
Ather. Mr.. H. NJ. Johnson and other
relatives.
Thnse attending thc Patterson an
uuaI family reunion report a very en-
JOyable time. The Rev. Jones, presid-
Eng elder, Rev. J. r. Williams and Rev.
j. NJ. Stcadman, of IIaurcns all made
very interesting talks, joined in with
splendid music and the regular roll
call. with the business Of the reunion
made the day one Of pleasure and is a
good training in the minds Of the
young III the family to be acquainted
with little Of tho family history.
AFR. O. c. Cox and family attended
fhis reunion, Mrs. Cox being related
tio The Patterson family.
Nj. J. S. Higgins is in Union visiting
his son
Mrs. Horace league and daughters
have returned to their home in Lau-
gens after very pleasant visit in the
home Of Mr.. and Mrs. j. O. Garrett
Mr. J. T. Burgess has returned home
afTer a very pleasant visit to relatives
{n Georgia.
Hiss Mamie Lanford has returned
home. after spending a few weeks with
'!rer aunt Mrs. Thomas Crouch. Of
Itecsvtllc.
Mr. c. y. Cox and family were recent
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28
PRECINCTS

visitors at the home Of Mr.. and Mrs.
G.. j. Lanford.
The children Of Mrs. Mary ParSON
will celebrate her birthday next Fri
day at her old home place with re-
union of Ter children and a good din
ncr.
Mr.. and Mrs. II. NJ Cunningham. Of
Adairsville, Ga, left for Winder, Ga,
Saturday. after spending several weeks
with their daughter, Mrs. w. ID. Pat
terson. They will visit relatives in
Windcr and Atlanta before returning
to their home.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28

Mr.. w. VI. Langston, Of Charlotte, y.
c., attended the Patterson reunion
Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs, c. l.. Gossett. Of Paco-
let have returned home after a week :;
visit to relatives here and at Narnic.
Mr.. w. j. Hunter and family, Of Ow-
ngs, and Mrs. w. NJ. Owings and chill
lrcn Of Pendlcton, attended the Patter-
AOn reunion Thursday
Mrs Il. A. Drummond and Mrs. j. S.
Higgins will attend the annual wo-
mans meeting to convene with the
Poplar Springs church next wee
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28
The Soap Berry Tree.

Th" jnDnncello, or soap berry tree
grows In the humid parts Of western
Ecuador. 1t nttuins height of 80 feet
and has wide-sprcading branches and
immense quantities Of fruit Of the size
and shape OF cherries. The nearby
transparent EcllOwlsh skin and W,lp
surrounding the round black seeds are
so sapOnnccouS as to be used instead
OF soap, being equivalent to more
than 80 times their weight Of that ma
terial."
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28
Cure for Dyscntcry.

While | was in Ashland, Kansas, a
gentleman overheard me speaking of
ChamDerlain's Collie and Oiarrhoca
Remedy writes William Whitclaw, Of
Dcs Moines, Iowa. He told me in de-
tan OF what 1t had done for his fam
ny, but more especially his daughter
VINO was lying at the point of death
with a violent attack Of dysentery, and
had been given up by the family phy.
sician. Some Of his ncighbors adyis-t
ed him to give Chambcrlain's Collie and
Diarrhoea Remedy, which he did, and
fully believes that by doing so saved
the life Of his child HAtated that
he had also used this rGfhedy himself
with equally gratifying results"
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28
McGOWan Boys Here.

Admiral Samuel McGowan and Pat.
II. MCGOWAN. Of Washington, were here
the first of the week visiting relatives
and greeting old friends. Admiral
MCGOWAN came down to cast his bal
lot for Dial and Cooper while his
brother was down on a social visit, the
first one In long time. Their friends
here were glad to see them both again.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28

Master Gilbert Cox is the delegate to
represent the Sunbeam band.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1918-08-28

SUBSCRIBE FOR THE ADVERTISER,
Daily Kennebec journal., 1918-07-19
Notice to Draftees

All men in Waldo County who are
in the draft age. Or any between the
ages of IS and 45 who are contemp-
latlng enlistment in the service will
be interested to know that arrange
ments have been made and qualified
instructors ready to open night
schools in Belfast on July Doth for
radio-buzzer operators, gas engine.
motor car and motor cycye repair
men, motor truck drivers. etc. All
who complete these courses are as
sured of service along these lines in
which they are trained. Glasses in
ship building, Shoe-repairng and
carpentry will also be formed pro-
viding there are enough applicants
to make it worth while. All draft
ed men in the county who expect to
be called for the service are urged
to communicate with superintendent
of schools f. f. Roderick If none
of these branches interest you ad-
wise Supt. Roderick what you would
like and he will help you if possible
The radio-buzzer classes will take
place in the High school and the
motor classes in one of the local
garages. This is a great opportunity
for men to get some training before
they enter the service.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1918-07-19
BRUNSWICK BOY
NOW A COLONEL

Brunswick, Me. July 1S.-Ora-
mandel NJ. Hubbard today received a
letter from his son, George O. Hub
bard, with the pleasing news that he
had Just been promoted to the rank
of colonel and that he is now the
ranking officer at Vancouver Bar
racks, Washington. At the outbreak
of the war Colonel HUI bard was in
service with the rank of captain
He was then detailed as construct
ing quartermaster in charge Of the
building Of the cantonrlent at Syra-
cuse, y. Y. with the rank of major.
Several months ago he was pro-
NOTED to lieutenant colonel and sent
to Vancouver Barracks.
Colonel Hubbard entered the mill
tary service of the United States at
the time of the Spanish American
war. being appointed from civil life
and commissioned as First Lieuten-
ant of tho First Maine Infantry, L.
s. Y. He was first attached to Com
pany X Of this town and later was
detailed as recruiting ~fficer at Au-
Custa He was promoted to the rank
of captain at the outbreak of the
Philippine instruction and ordered
with the o6th Infantry. L. S. V. to
Plattsburg Barracks, \. Y. and then
to the Philippines, where he had ac-
tive service under the command Of
Col. Edmund Rice at Iloilo, Panav
Island.
Upon his return to San Francisco
in 1901 he was examined and com
missioned as first lieutenant in the
Coast Artillery Corps of the United
states Army in July. 1901. He was
promoted to captain in January 1907
and to the rank of major in Nav
1917.
He has been stationed at Fort
Preble. Ne; Fort Greble. Rhode
island: Fortress Monroe. Virginia:
Fort Morgan. Ala bama Fort Morl-
trie, South Carolina: Fort Williams.
Maine; Fort Washington. MARYLAND;
Fort Barrancas. Florida: Fort Sam
houston. Texas; and Fort I.lano
Grande Texas.
during his service he has seen
.n''i ''h wears Of staff duty. serving
II years IN the ruartermssters cor,s