davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
Will Be Asked by Nearly
All Classes Of Or
gained Labor
STRIKES ARE NOT
CONTEMPLATED
Railroad Bill Hearings Contin-
ued Before House and Senate
Committees INV Compensation
and Termination of Control
Discussed

Washington. Jan. a.--Higher wages
will be asked Of the railroad admins
tration soon by nearly all classes Of
organized railroad labor 1t was learn
ed today that many pending wage dis
putes will be transferred to the GOV
eminent from railroad executive boards
and in other cases new demands will
he formulated for presentation to Di
rector General McAdoo who probably
Will deal with them through investiga-
ting boards. Strikes are not contemp-
lated by any organization, it is said,
and wage questions Will not be put up
to the director general as demands.
Railroad labor leaders are representing
as not seeking to take advantage Of
government operation to press for more
pay, hut rather as pointing out the no
cessity Of wage increases to keep en-
lloyes from being attracted to other
industries.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
ADJUST Mt
n Great Labor Problem
Says Secretary Wilson
Ample Supply Of Workers Both for
Army and lnclustry--Will Announce
lvisory Board-Stuation Much
Different from England

N2shln@ton, Jan. ',--"Therc is an
ample supply Of labor both for the
arm, and fnr MINISTRY. ~. ,,o,,a,o
s.. -,,o 80
IS one OF proper adjustments sad
,,an. ,,,o a('., '',,aY u" O'''l ''.7'I a
modifying worker uD astin,a,ea ,,at
-.
80. '''' % '"' "'' 'Iie 'sh,%
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
WILSON THROWS HIS SUPPORT ,
TO FEDERAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE Amendment

Urges Amendment AS
Act of Right and JUS.
tice to Women of Our.
Country and of World
United States Can.
nOt.AffOrd to Be Reac-,
tiOnary TIE lis Con-
gressmen Time to-
Vote for Amendment
Republican Caucus
in Favor-S uffragists
Confident of Success
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
Regulations Sent out

Regulations e. govern the rcGistra :
ton were sent today t. police officials
IN cities, and to poStmaSters Of small
towns to whom the active admins
tration of the regulation has been en-
trusted. The rules differ from those
already made public only in tho fact
that federal court districts. not county
on local court districts. are 10 be CON
Sidered units for gathering census re
turns from non-urban sections, in
which postmaStcrs will take the reg
istrItion
OF the hundreds Of Germans who
have been informed since the Inited
States entered the war only six have
been paroled permanently ana 10 Civ
On freedom for q time. il wa. disclosed
today by John Lord O'Brian. special
assistant to Attorney General Gregory.
in charge of war problems
In the cases Of men paroled tenn
porarily, il is understood the action
was taken in order that they might
obtain valuable information to aid
government agents in ferreting out
plots or propa ganda against the INIT
ed states war interests.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
GERMAN WOMEN
May Be Included in the
Enemy Alien Class
Legislation to This End Being Drafted
Regulation Governing Registration
of Enemy Aliens Sent to Police off,
Gals and Postm asters

Washington. Jan 9. Enemy a'ieu
restrictions probably viii he extended
soon to German women IN the United
States Legislation 10 this end is be-
inT drafted and Confessional leaders
have assured the department Of jus
tice that il Will be enacted promptly.
If this IS done before tie week Of
February 4, when 2 nation wide regis
tration Of unnaturalized Germans Is to
b" made under supervision OF the de
partment Of Justice. women probably
"ill he included in the enemy alien
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
6rotherhoods and Switchmen

Up to the present, The only general
demands for wage increases consider
I'd by Director General McAdoo are
those presented by the four Railroad
brotherhoods and the Switchmen's Tn
ION whose president, s. Z. Heberline,
conferred with Mr. McAdoo today. The
Brolherhood'S case win be investigated
by a board of fcm to be named by the
director general tomorrow ana he also
may ask his body to inquire mo me
Switchmen's demand which now is
being considered by committee OF
railway executives representing all
roa@s, The director general announced
tohiGht that ~ expected To name rail
Continued on Page 4-Col. s.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
The Admiralty Statement

The admiralty statement follows;
Arrivals 20S5; sailines 224f.
British merchantmen Of over 1900
Ons sunk by mine or submarine IN
iuding two previously. is: under 1900
tns including one previously! B.
british merchantmen unSucccsstuI1y
hacked, including two previously. II.
british fishing vessels sunk, 4.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1918-01-10
Increase More than Maintained

TIC admiralty report Of January >
gave In. sinl>ingS of British iacrchant-
men for the current week ~ Il, IS
vessels Of 1900 tons or over. This was
d material increase over the previ-
Us week when the sinl<ings number
70 l.. II Of the vessels more than 1890
tons Thus the increase in the sub
"a"ne sinkings has been NOR" than
lncd in the past week as fh'y
-ed Il merchantmen and four
vessels.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20

w THAT tanks are to the infantry
M men airplanes are to the
w tanks. Aircraft cooperate
with tank attacks, just as the
tanks cooperate with the infantry
charges. The interlocking character Of
the work of these tremendously impor-
tant factors in modern warfare is made
clear by c. G. Grey, editor of "The Aero
plane in the following article taken
from "The Illustrated London News:
"lf any one wanted to set forth the abso-
Lutte antithesis among engines of war in
these days he would probably fix on tanks
and aircraft. There seems no apparent re-
latonship between the swift aeroplane, mo-
bile and fragile, and the SLOW semi-invul-
nerable tank. save that both are driven by
internal combustion engines. Yet, when
to consider the operations of
these two vehiclescach in its own direc>
ton the greatest of developments in
weapons of war-one finds that they are
closely allied.
"The first appearance of the. tanks con-
firms this alliance. A British avator-an
infantry contact Observer landed at his
that two tanks were walking up the main
street of Flers, with the British army cheer
ing behind them In this instance there
prearranged cooperation between
the two new weapons
"From infantry contact patrol by aero
plane to tank observation is no step at all.
And just aeroplanes are told off to watch
over infantry, to signal their positions to
headquarters controlling their advance. to
give warning of approaching counter at
tacks, to control the artillery barrage in front
of the infantry, to attack advancing enemy
troops and to bomb enemy batteries firing
on our infantry, so aeroplanes may be told
off to watch over tank attacks and to per-
form analogous services for them.
"a very clear indication Of this species
of operation was given by war CORE
spondent with the French armies, who
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20

'catcrpllars as they were then called
equipped with machine guns, to cross
trenches and break up the deadlock which
already in 1911 threatened us with long
war. His scheme was based on practical
experience with Holt caterpillars in Amer
ica; our gallant allies from across the
Atlantic may justifiaby take unto them
selves some of the credit for the success
OF the latest form Of warfare. Thereafter
committee, which was known officially as
the Landships Committee, was formed to
study the design and production of what
The Times correspondent calls land iron
clads,' and after much experimentation the
conquerors of Flers were produced From
them to the modern tank there have been
several steps forward, and there are, as in
all new things, many more steps to come
before the land going battleship arrives.
"Neyerthcless, the land battleship is y
certainty of the futureas certain as was
the aeroplane of day when the Wright
brothers first flew, in 1906 And when the
land battleship arrives it is quite obvious
that it win be as dependent on close CO.
operation with aircraft as arc seagoing
battleshps. Not only will its attendant air
craft blind the enemy's artillery. as indi-
Gated by the French tank officer already
quoted, but matter OF fact such small
things as field guns will not trouble
1t, for it will carry very much heavier
armament itself; probably part of the work
of its aircraft will be to direct its heavy
guns onto the enemy's field guns: the real
task of the aircraft will be to direct the
pattleshlp squadrons as to where they may
md the enemys land-going hatteships
hrst and to warn the 'squadrons in case a
more powerful feet is approaching
already we have big slow tanks and lit
Tie fast tanks-a analogous, let us say, to the
sloops -of-war and the smaller faster naval
warcraft of the very early days of steam,
These in due time grew to be the battle
ships, cruisers and destroyers of TODAY
History IS the greatest pagiarst in all
literature, and we shall in due course see
the history of the steam driven warship
repeated in the land warship hip-7nut0tis
Mutdndls. 1t is merely matter of energy
and intellect how long it takes for this par
tcular corner of history to develop
when 1t does so there will be an end OF
all trench warfare, and we shall come back
to wars Of manGuvre in which the strategy
of Napoleon and Wellington will have to
be combined with the tactics of Nelson and
an lromp, plus the aerial science OF
lrcnchard and Salmond and Won Hoppner.
The prospect, if not pleasing to the civilian,
j. at least interesting to the military stu
dent. But perhaps before We arrive at that
stage we shall have universal peace, and
then the cooperation of land battleships
with the aircraft of their day will be
matter for the international Police
Force, or the Aerial Board of Control of
which Nh Kiplins has written so amazing
iy and so convincingy. Meantime, the
Allied tanks and the Allied aircraft are no
ticeably superior to the German vehicles
either separately or in combinations
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20

developing the negative, to find a blade
lens.
IL rs distinct feather in the cinema
toHraphers cap to capture the kingfshcr.
that shy, handsome bird | happen. how
ever, TO Know Of one camera man who az
tempted the difficult stunt He went about
1t by studying for himself the haunts of
the kinghsher. This completed, he took
up quarters in stream at "A place whore
the water was four feet deep. Over his
head and shoulders he placed large mask
formed OF tree branches When 81 kinr
hsher ventured within view he moved eau
t'o"siy so as to deceive the bird into think
ing that the boughs were pcinc floatcd
along by the current.
And where was his camera? That. lot
me tell you, was under his shelteriny con-
triyance, fixed to an anchored foatiup
base. His first filming effort was failure
1or the cameras clicking noise frightened
inc bird away. But one futile attempt did
not daunt this enterpris;ng young man, for
ne next procured another camera and at
tached it to the same floating base. Day
by day he waited for the regular appear
ance OF his victim, when ne turned the
handle of the second camera, which was
minus any film. This went on for seven
weeks, at the end Of which the kingfsher
paid no attention to the working Of the
motion picture machine.
All the operator had to show for his
untiring efforts was strip Of film two
hundred feet in length Snappy, it is true.
but it was run Off the screen in two min
ates,
Some British binds are clitf dwellers.
and this adds an element of danger to the
work Of the motion picture photographers
He usually works with tripodlcss camera
and has himself lowered down a tall Cliff
on rope. The extra powerful lenses
come in handy to approach the birds at
distance unawares.
Equally tedious to film are those birds
that favor the ground for bnildir. their
nests, for. apart from requiring consdera-
bic skill to focus the apparatus in the
right angle, it is hard to Snap the festh-
cred creatures off their guard"
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20

writing in "rhe Morning Post on July T..
said 'Onc Of the soldiers in tank section
drew my attention to the coscness of CO.
operation that is necessary between the air
service and the tanks at is common
knowledge" he said chat tanks though,
roughly speaking, immune from machine
gun fre-,are vulnerable to artillery 1t
is. therefore, of supreme Importance to the
enemy to be able to maintain his sausage
balloons in the air to control his artillery
fire, and it is of equal Importance to us
that our aviation should bring the sausages
down in flames or force them to keep the
ground.
"Aviators are, in fact, our natural
friends, for, just are able to silence
the machine guns, that are the deadlicst
enemies Of the infantry, SO they can blind
the enemy guns that the only weapons
we have seriously to tear"'
lhcre one has a very clear exposition
OF the alliance between aeroplanes and
tanks and of its convcrse--the value of
aircraft against tanks; for, if the familiar
sausage balloon can be used as sn anti
tank observation post, it is obvious that
artillery observation aeroplane fitted
with wireless is an equally good method
of directing artillery against tanks. More
over, besides being less vulnerable than a
balloon, the aeroplanc can follow the move
ments of tanks more closely, owing TO its
own mobility. Tanks may hide themselves
from balloon observation by moving behind
woods and rows of trees, but they cannot
thus hide themselves from the ubiquitous
aeroplane.
"This reference to the FIRST engagement
between land ironclads is peculiarly in
teresting because it is the first concrete
example OF a species of warfare which was
much discussed in aeronautical circles so
far back the winter of 1914 and the
spring of 1915. r. f. Macfe an American
citizen, though one of the pioneers of
British aviation, who came back from the
United States the outbreak of war
strongly advocated the use of armored
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20

20 force anything solid. like mouse or
mall bird, down their thronts
Usually snakes should feed every other
week. But at certain times of the year
they go into retirement. and during that
period Of rest they do not require food.
IN the north snakes hibernate. or dig in.
Tor the winter. In the tropics they hiber.
nate during the dry season. They do this
because in the dry season the frogs on
Thich the snakes feed disappear so the
makes have to wait for food ii snake
: in good condition, with supply OF re-
fat, it can fast quite long time.
During the period of fasting the snake
eents 1t from burning up its energy.
THE longest snake fast that has come
-adcr our observation at the Geological,
Park lasted twenty-five months. The
make that made this record had been
eating thirty or thirty-five pound pig
regularly every other week It was ia.
'"o
mine the length of time snake would 90
Without food, we decided to permit it tc
exercise its own will in the matter even if
e starved itself to death. Every two
weeks food WAS offered it and refused AZ
ne end of the twenty-second month the
snake resumed its regular teals as II
nothing had happened 1t had lost sur
orisingly little weight during its fast.
"Mr. De Vry, of the Lincoln Park Zoo
aas devised machine for, feeding unwill-
ing snakes. 1t is a sort of sausage stuffer
IN which ground meat is placed. A five
foot length of one-and- h alf- inch hose is
attached to the stuffcr, and this is placed
doun the python's throat to its stomach.
The chopped meat is then forced through
he hose.
in the New York Geological Park we
adopt different method. The snake is
AIKEN out of its cage, stretched out full
cngth, and number of men hold it SO it
cannot coil or curve itself. Then we take
ihree rabbits that have been killed and
skinned, and tie them together with string.
long stick is attached to the skull of the
irst rabbit, and the meal is forced down
he snakes throat.
Snakes in captivity are usually fed
silled food because giving them living
dinners sometimes causes endless trouble.
VI recall an instance where live
chicken was placed in snakes cage. The
make approached the bird and darted out
II torked tongue. Instead Of covering
nscrably and permitting the snake to kill
IT, the chicken jumped for the snake,
se'zed It's tongue and pulled it out. The
wound caused the snakes death. AS
snakes are valuable the practice was dis
continued,
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20
Filming Wild Birds

ME closeup studies of birds that
frequently appear on the motion
picture screen are obtained at the cx-
pense OF infinite patience and resource-
'oiness on the part of the cinematog~
rapher' says Ernest A. Dunch, in "Our
Dufno Animals and he cites the fol-
lowing in illustrations:
Edward A. Salisbury, who has mt
America on the natural history film man
recently wanted TO secure some srarn,,
'e"s OF the eagle, so he climbed up an
eSceedinsly tall pine tree, struecIino
gamely with his camera, which turned the
Scaie at eighty pounds. 1t proved hov,
sVei' no easy task to fix the camera in III,
'op ocughs of this majestic forest sneci
'"sn, so ne tried one way after anothe,
an''' the machine would keep in position
"nen he succeeded in doing this he h.f
'e utmost difficulty in coaxing the vonnt
@'s.eS TO remain in their nests.
OBTAIN film study of herons h.
".e screens out of vegetation growth.
-, S"so from tract haunted by the birds
- 'efeehs were so cleverly arranged
- match the underground that even NJ
'''ufy, on returning the next morning
Tor over an hour before hs
-'s'o 'ocate his hiding place. He was
'00n rewarded. however. bv two male birds
a',"s and while they INDUCED in a
ep nc turned the crank of the camera.
men, ms disappointment. when
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20
Soap From the Garbage Can

NNE Of the first things that Mars
~ did when he settled :. on this
planet for an indefinite stay
was to claim all the fats he
could lay hands upon. The resulting
shortage. which has never since been re-
lieved, has been felt keenly by the soap
manufacturers, among others, and there
has been much experimentation with fat
substitutes. In 1.-THE Forecast" is an
article on this subject by Elsie McCor-
mick, in which is emphasized the necessi-
ty for close watch on the garbage can
as fruitful source of soap supply.
Here are some Of the results of the in
vestigations that science has been con-
Quoting in this emergency, as set forth
by the writer:
"In the good old days before 1914, when
white bread and Hague peace conferences
were still in vogue, soap was made, as q
rule, from beef or mutton tallow mixed
with cocoanut or castor OIL If a hard
soap was desired these constituents were
boiled with sodium carbonate; if soft
soap they we're combined with potash. Lard,
which adds softness and fiufiness to the
product, was generally used for the making
Of shaving soap.
To-day, with most Of the world starving
for fats and their price something like
three times what it was in 1914, soaps
made Of lard and tallow deserve to be in
termed as alien enemies for the period Of
the war. In Germany, where the shortage is
most acute, tuberculosis, stomach disorders
and general debility have swept over the
civilian population.
Zone Of the frst steps our own govern
ment took toward reforming the national
soap habits was to Danish glycerine soaps
from the army camps. The sugar and
glycerine which these soaps contain mere
ly improve the appearance; they do little
or nothing toward making dirt vanish
Besides containing $4,000 pounds Of sugar,
100000 pounds Of this soap would contain
sufficient glycsrinc to send many shell
whizzing against Fritz. Glycerine is one
OF the chief ingredients of the more power
ful explosives
Another and far more important step
has been the campaign for the utilization
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20
Three Ind pendent
Branches

THE significance of the aeroplane
in modern warfare is emphasized
by "L'Ilmstration," Of Paris, which at
the same time points out and illustrates
in the accompanying diagram the pres
ent superiority of the Allies over the
Germans in aviation. 1t says
"When studying the tactical employment
of aviation in it's three great roles-obssr-
vation. bonlbardment and combats--one
finds that these three forms Of military ac
tiyity complete each other, that they are
like the three legs of tripod, and that no
other arm maintains such close and cease
less connection with the other arms. It in
forms and protects the infantry, it directs
and le ethens the reach of the artillery, ii
keeps the military stats informed and takes
very important part in all battles. But the
more effective its means may be and the
more extensive and varied it's mission, the
more is it's activity subjected to the control
of the commanders
During the period Immediately preceding
an attack the information service is taxed
to the utmost. The commanders assemble,
arrange and classify photographs and docu-
ments of all sorts and then distribute them
whore they belong. If necessary doubtful
points are explained BY new missions sent
out to investigate.
Later, if the situation is favorable, artii-
lery preparation begins. The aviators regu-
late the range, investigate the effect of the
firing and prevent the enemy from taking
counter measures. The destruction is pro-
crossing, dugouts are destroyed wires are
cut, trenches are torn, guns silenced. The
aviator who directs the firing reports the
results. The commander maintains or
changes the efforts made or concentrates
them wherever resistance is offered. Finally.
when the situation seems to him sufficiently
favorable, he orders the advance.
From the moment when the order for the
attack is given every aviator has his task
before him. The aviators sight and observe
without interruption all the stages of the
battle. The aviation sees every moment
what is taking place, informs quickly and
helps to call reserves where they are neces-
sary; in word, it conducts the fighting
Amid the tumult of the battle, amid the roar
of guns, it maintains clearness of vision.
free understanding and the decisive suthori-
ty of the commander"
Hin ar ~ fiODr orcor,p,o;,- -.
Gle with diagram showing how the eff
cheney of Allied aviation has been stead
lily increasing.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20

ing supplied to the government by one
m'ii at the rate of several tons a dav.
inns absorbent wood is Of great value
IN covering and stanching open
wounds. The wood is ground up and
then spun or rolled out into pure
white sheets resembling cotton batting
and is so light and bulky that only
ABOUT 1000 pounds of it can be packed in
an ordinary boxcar. This suhstarc.
costs % cents pound, as against an.
proxlmately 80 cents pound for cotto-
lirt.-~Pops4Icr Mechuries.
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20

AA vi hhV~No' A>dSAu IL. D1C-
4 mars, who, as curator in the
New York Geological Park.
mas come into contact with reptiles of
every temperament writes in Popular
Science Monthly" of the methods Inv
which a worried or unhappy snake. on
hunger strike is induced to break his
fast:
Now, while snakes can fast more sue
cessfully than can warm -blooded animals
hey are unable TO go without food for anv
protracted time without growing thin.
When a snake refuses food so long that II
begins to show signs of emaciation. it is
orcibly fed In the case Of small snakes
this must be done very carefully. In the
New York Geological Park we take the
snake out OF it's cage, hold it by its hend
insert funnel in its mouth. and pour
down a we'll beaten egg. The small
makes. as rule. are so delicate in their
structure that it is inadvisable to attemps
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20
1ka1z7& The Great Workshop Of Science EqzR8la77HH
Snakes ON Hunger Strike

A SNAKE, it seems, is creature
~ of moods. Raymond l.. Dit
4 ~ mars, who. as curator in the
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20
The

w THAT tanks are to the infantry
M men airplanes are to the
w tanks. Aircraft cooperate
New-York tribune., 1918-10-20
." Festal" Cutlery

Canadian chemists have succeeded in
combining iron, chromium and cobalt
into new metal said to be very easy
to work and suitable for making the
finest form of cutlery The new metal
is called "festal.' Gas Logic.