davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-18


DIED OF WOUNDS
LIEUTENANT.
La. New Iberia, Irenaeus Joseph
LiHetemeJer.
CORPORAL.
Mo-, Linn Greek. James Lewis Forbes.
PRIvATES.
ILL.,, Chicago, Henry J. Huoiek.
Ill, Chicago, Walter KIOnde>.
H., Chicago, Norman +. OftedahI.
ILL.,. Chicago, Edward Phillip.
r. l. Pawtueket. Raymond r. Blake.
Tenn. johnson City, Lester p. Harris.
Va. Phoenix. Walter A. Harvey.
VT, AIburK, Kari W. CreIIer.
w. Va. Farley. Ezra Porter.
SEVERELY WOUNDED
LIEUTENANTs.
Cal. Los Angeles, Pays0n G. Gates.
Ga, Acworth, william l.. Lemon
Tenn- Columbia. James COuneili
wooten.
SERGEANTs.
Pa. Wilkes-Barre, Frank James.
Pa Philadelphia, Andrew Richard
Kane.
MIMI, N. MINNEAPOLIS, willie Smith.
MECHANICS.
Pa Kane. Philip Keener.
Nd, Warren. Norris Robert Riley.
PRIVATES.
Cal, Los Angeles, Torrance Dunn
Conn.,. Prospect, Charles Neumaier.
Col, Denver. Clarence George Peter
son.
Fla. sampson City. Frank c. stokes.
Fla, Groom. william w. Smith.
ILL.,. Chicago, Leo w. StrzeIec.
ILL.,. Chicago, Joseph susterka. Jr.
Ill, Chicago, Frank Walter Smlts.
ILL.,, Joliet, Albert Walker.
Ind, Hammond, Arthur John ProbI.
Ind, North JudsOn. Jerry Slanksky.
Italy, Rome, CariIII Tureo.
Knns., Augusta, George c. Nelson.
KY, Harold, Clarence WItteB.
Ny, Lexington, GraEg Hlpshire.
Ky, Louisville. George b. Bross.
KY. Speight. Mckinley Johnsoa.
Mass, Worcester. Leo ThIbaudeau.
Mass-, West Quincy, Patrick J. stan
ton
Mnss-. Lowell. Mortimer F. She's.
Mass, Gardner, saul A. Nelson.
Mass. Wakefield. Archie G. NeiEs.
Mass, Lynn. Harry A. MunrOe.
Mass, Boston, James w. Francis.
Mich, Detroit, Clarence rIaeent
MIMI. Dalton. Oscar George RIngstad.
Mo-, Frederickt0wn, Frank Hanes
No., Maplewood, Harry G. KaysinE.
Mont, n. Billings, Leighton d. Pierce.
n. c., Burlington, Malcolm MaeGIvary
Murray.
n. D., MInot, George W. Scott.
n. D. MInot. Joe Black.
No emergency address, DOmenleo
Grisolona.
n. H. Nashua. omer ]. PoItras.
n. y Newark. Michael TomeL
n. Y, Long leland City, Richard J..
Johnston.
NY. New York. Frank Nixon.
n. \. Buffalo, STANLEY J. SuehOmski.
n. T. Chembusch. Wllfred Miller.
". ", Buffalo, DOmenic TripoIL
N. ". Linoleumville. Staten Island.
wnldislaw WOvowiekt.
n. ", Brooklyn, william c. Morton.
n. Y, New York. Harry C. PetroeeiOne.
Ohio, Cleveland, Patrick J. SeahlH.
Ohio, BurkettsyiIle. Henry z Moor
man,
Okla, westherford, Fred J. Miller.
Pa. Amber. Francisco SparsEue.
Pa, Columbia, Joseph & MUIR.
Pa, Morea. John J. Riley.
Pa, Jeannette, Ben r. Wilson
Pa Kulpmont, Barney Joseph Kinsel.
Pa, Clifton Height. Craven Leigh.
Pa Philadelphia, Charles Il. Nc
Donald.
Pa, Easton, Paul W. Morgan
Pa. BIoOmsburE, william BrandoT.
Russia, Stutsen. Felix Shuton
r. l. Providence Ralph Vincent
SANTA
s c. Heath Springs, George r. Black
man.
VT, Bridgeport. Earl wnkinsoa.
WIS.,, Oneida, Rufus House.
Wis, TomRh, John Miner.
Wis. Oeonto, Walter Olson.
Wis, Markesan, Raymond Smith
MISSING IN ACTION.
PRIvATES.
Ind. Wlnanar, Arthur Pu<h.
ny, Emberton, Oscar z. Turner.
No., Bardley, Fount III. ThedIaru.
Neb-, Pierce, Anton Tomek. #.
Web, Shelton. Fred E Sober
Wis, Milwaukee, Edward SteEeman.
Wiz Wautoma CheHfer 0Ison
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-18

This r. n war OF equipment. Men
are essential. but without equipment
they are useless Help provide beth
by buying War Swings stampa.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-18
WILL WELCOME sRAzILIANs.

The State Department has ex-
pressed its approval Of the Brazilia:
plan to send students to the United
States to investigate agricultural
chemical and other lines of business
Twenty OF them will sail soon
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1918-09-18

swim q cornpany's sales Of fresh beef In
washington. d. c. for the week ending
Saturday. September IL, 1913. averaged
81 Sc cents per pound--Advt
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
EXPERIENCED MEN NEEDED
We Must do Our Duty by Our Soldier Boys by Protect
Them and Their InteresBy Voting for Shields and Sims.
Another week has passed.

The Democratic state primary is days
Governor Rye apparently the
United States Senate than he
Judge Everett the
he
so it appears.
The people of a
inclined faithful
ago only
Rye and Judge Everett should
that they the They
awfuy awfuy wouldn't have this when
eyes line where
dying fight for world democracy to begin
sole of satisfying personal ambitions
and appetites fol public office,
any, who have rela
soldier France Thousands
have gone And the fathers the re
tves and the friends of boys and tried
Shields Sims have
ven themselves the of the to
periencd and untried
The France We going to do our
duty by those boys who will protect them and
their both home and abroad
IF Rye already found out that
the eope will not middle of the stream they
will find out to when the counted August
men Washington make the laws under
which we 81 home must fight for world
democracy in France
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
THE SUBSIDIZED" PRESS.

We learn from the published re-
ports of the speech Governor Rye
read-he may have memorized it by
this time-at Knoxville last week,
that the newspapers that are sup
porting Senator John X. Shields for
denomination to the United States
Senate are subsidized" although we
presume that those supporting Gov
ernor Rye-yes, there are few sup
porting him-are patriotic.
Governor Rye's attack on the press
of the state, and when he attacks the
newspapers supporting Senator
Shields he attacks practically all the
representative newspapers in Ten
nessee both daily and weekly, is un-
warranted and will be resented by
tie people at the ballot box.
When Governor Rye-then Gen.
eral Rye-wasa candidate for COVER
FOR in 1914 he was mighty glad to
have the support of some of the
newspapers which he now says are
Subsidized"
Had it not been for the support of
those newspapers he might still be
prosecuting criminals in Henry, Car
Toll, Gibson and Haywood counties,
instead of neglecting his duties as
governor of the state to wage an un-
called for wartime campaign against
a United States senator who has
proven true to the people who elected
him and true to the President and the
administration at Washington.
Wonder if he will think the people
ere also Subsidized" when they roll
UP a majority of around 10000
against him August 1?
Several years ago a defeated can
didate for congress in East Tennes-
see is said to have exclaimed when the
returns came in "My God, the people
are in the minority"
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
"SOP FOR THE HUN"

The Tennessean of Tuesday took
upon itself to try and connect The
Partisan with it's SANDER of Major
Stahlman and in it's outburst of
"BILE" had the following to say re-
garding an editorial in The Partisan
Of last week which the Banner re-
produced in its Monday edition:
"The shame of it is intensified by
the fact that this bit of Hun sop
comes from the Partisan, a disgrunt-
led and disappointed sheet which
could find no better outlet for its
personal spite and individual spleen.
The Tennessean has very much
overlooked itself when it intimates
that any sheet is disgruntled and dis
appointed to the extent that it is.
There is no paper in this state looked
upon as being so supremacy disgrunt.
led as is the Tennessean, and this has
made it one of the yellowest sheets
in the state today, and its intimatior
that this paper in the editorial refer
red to did other than commend
Paul Rye for volunteering in the ar
my is a damnable lie without foun
dalton or principle. We did criticist
Gov. Rye for using the volunteering
of his son to try to bring him pres
tage in his race for the United States
Senate, but any other construction
or use made of this article can onl!
be Matched in the office of the Ten
nessean and we do not propose tina
their SANDER shall be thrust upon u
as they have kept up on the Banner
ard measure our words in answer tt
them. We would respectfully asl
the Tennessean if we didn't do all WI
agreed to for it's owner2 and if so
then why be sore at us too? be
game loser.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

When a mob threatened to lynch a
negro in Murray, KY, it did not take
an official notification to make Gov.
ernor Stanley know and do his duty
The majesty of the law must be up
held, he said, and at his own risk, he
rushed to the place of trouble and
showed the mob the duty and cour-
age of man. Where was our GERAT
WAR GOVERNOR, when the papers
were full Of the mob, hunting the
negro at Estill Springs? Not having
received official notification of his
duty, he allowed the fair name OF
Tennessee to be blackened with the
crime against law and decency. His
entire lack of, self-assertion shows
a weakness and indifference which
units him for any position of respon-
sibility.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
NEWS.sCIMITAR EDITORIAL.

In an effort to bolster up the fast
waning cause of Governor Rye, al
legged candidate for the Democratic
senatorial nomination, opponents OF
Senator John X. Shields are publish
ing broadcast over the state an sdi-
torial attacking the senator which
appeared in the News-Scimitar short
ly after Shields was elected to the
senate.
The News-Scimitar is now sup
porting Senator Shields and the Rye
followers seem to think that publica-
ton of the old editorial will discredit
that papers present support of the
senior senator.
However, the Rye followers, as
il another we'll known instance, have
failed to make the record complete"
They do not state in connection
with the publication of the editorial
that the News-Scimitar is now under
different management and that the
men who controlled the papers pol
icy at the time Shields was elected to
the senate have nothing whatever to
do with it's policy now.
They also fail to state that the
man who wrote the editorial in ques-
ton is now confined in private san
itarium and under guardianship.
This, we believe, is true.
They again fail to state the history
of the former EDITORS (the man now
in a sanitarium) opposition to Sena-
tor Shields.
Several years ago, as we remember,
the Memphis Commercial Appeal
charged that the editor of the News
Scimitar with being "a liar, a coward
ard till-tapping thief" The ac-
cused editor filed libel suit against
the Commercial Appeal. The Com
mercial Appeal pleaded 'justifica-
tion," and when the case finally went
TO the supreme court it was senator
Shields, then a member of the court,
who handed down the opinion sus-
tanning the Commercial Appeals plea
of justification" and dismissed the
libel suit. These are the facts as VIC
remember them. Is it any wonder
that the editor who has been designa-
ted "a liar, a coward and a till-tap-
ping thief" would attack Senator
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

How many times did Governor Rye
speak in the interest of Benton Nc.
Millin, Democratic nominee for gov.
erDor in 1912? Once, if we re.
member correctly, when he introduc.
ed David B. Puryear at Paris on the
night before the election. Senator
John X. Shields contributed to the
McMillin campaign fund and Loyalty
supported the Democratic ticket.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
Shields in his newspaper?

We believe that this is sufficient
answer to the editorial now being
published so extensively in the inter-
est of Governor Rye, who seems to
be endeavoring to win the nomina-
ton on what he thinks are Senator
Shields dement's rather than because
of his merits or ability.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

The management of the Memphis
Ncws-Scimitar has changed since the
editorial attacking Senator Shields
appeared in it some years ago, but
If it had not wouldn't that paper have
mighty poor opinion of Governor
Rye to support Senator Shields over
lin after attacking the senator as it
did in that editorial?
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
We wonder, whether our aspirant

We wonder, whether our aspirant
for the seat of our present U. s.
Senator will have to have arrange4
ments made to be officially notified,
whenever question of importance
comes up to be voted on and whether
that notification will have to be
handed to him reasonable time be-
fore he will be prepared to vote on
H.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

They had a heavy frost in Chatta-
nooga one, night recently and then
the next night it was just as heavy
at Knoxville. We believe Governor
Rye will be a witness-an unwilling
w:tness-to these occurrences.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

Just a little over a million addi-
ticnal in the state debt, during his
business administration, certainly
should be proof positive to the voters
OF Tennessee that Governor Rye
should have another job.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

You wouldn't be willing to put a
man of no military experience in
Foeh's place would you? Then, why
replace Shields and Sims with men of
no legislative experience at a time
when the lawmakers at home must
beck up the soldiers in France?
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
II rataar strange that former

IS rather strange that a former
attorney general, who has prosecuted
criminals and whose duty it was to
demand the death penalty for certain
miscreants, did not have an opinion
in regard to the desirability and JUS
tice of Capitol punishment and that
a Constitutional lawyer did not
know how long governor could hold
bill, without his signature, from
appearances Hooper was right.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

The Democrats who have been vo-
ting for Congressman Sims in peace
times will be doubly sure to support
HIM now that the great war is on and
the services Of experienced men are
so much needed in Washington.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

These fire marshalls certainly did
get turned out. They had to be, so
places for fire commissioners should
be made at larger salary, Well,
some of the boys had to be taken care
of.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

Governor Rye is serving his second
term as governor. He had no oppo-
sition in the Democratic convention
two years ago. Why should Senator
Shields not have a second term in the
senate without opposition?
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

w. i. SHOWING are authorized
to announce W. T. Snow as candi-
date for Justice OF the Peace for the
ISL Civil district OF Henry County,
election Thursday August lst.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

Since old sores have been reopened,
what did Governor Rye do in 1910
to aid the campaign of the late Sem
ator Robert L. Taylor against Ben
Hooper?
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

FkYOR.-We are authorized to
announce the candidacy of Z. q.
Pryor for Justice of the Peace of the
first civil district of Henry county,
election August LIST.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

Whitcomb Riley died too soon. He
could have written about the frost on
the Rye if he had lived and visited
East Tennessee recently.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
FOR REPRESENTATIVE

GOLDSTON-We are authorized
to announce M. H. Collision as cam
didate for Representative for the
county Of Henry in the next General
Assembly of Tennessee, subject TO
the aution Of the August primary.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
FOR FLOATER

WELCOMING are authorized to
announce w. E. Weldon as q candi-
date for Folater to represent the
counties of Carroll, Henry and
Weekly in the next General Assembly
Of Tennessee.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

TRAVIS--Dr. E. A. Travis, Of
Como, announces himself as a candi-
date for direct Representative
Henry County, subject to the aqc q
of the Democratic Primary AugtE
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
ADVERTISING RATES.
Effective February I Until
Further Notice.
M0,xnkaA E1nnkroo r,In -

Mounted Elsctros, run Of
paper per inch-------.z0
Composition, run Of paper,
per inch 40
ALI tabulated advertising,
per inch --------------.26
Political Advertising, display
per men 20
Front Page Display, per inch so
Regular Local advertisers will
be made a special rate of Is
cents per inch on yearly con-
tracts.
Legal advertising rate fixed
by law.
Reading Notices and Classified.
Reading matter, six words
to the line. per line -.07
Political Readers, per line 10
Restrictions
No liquor, safety pills, weak
men, doubtful ! investment,
clairvoyant or other question
able advertising will be &C.
cepted at any price.
Political Announcements
City Offices -----------$5.O0
Magistrate and Constable $500
All other County Offices $40 90
Attorney General, Circuit
Judge, Congress, United Sta
tes Senate, etc. --------$25.0O
Payable invariably in advance
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

Governor Rys says his platform is
"Win the War;" but the Knoxville
Sentinel says it is ''Win the election I"
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

Judge Everett still fails to tell the
people that there is not and cannot
be a Republican nominee for congress
this year.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

We are authirized to announce
John H. Dlggs as a candidate for
Justice of the Peace Of the First Civ
Ii District Of Henry County. subject
to the August election.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
ANNOUNCEMENTS.

FOR JUSTICE OF THE PEACE.
CROSSING are authorized to an
nounce S. J. Cross as a candidate
for reelection as Justice OF the
Peace for the First Civil District of
henry county, August election. I,
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

How many speeches did Governor
Rye make for Bob Taylor in the 1910
campaign? ix
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
D.A. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES are au

thorized to announce d. A. Burk-
halter of Mckenzie, Carroll county,
Tennessee as candidate for State
Senator from the counties Of Carroll
and Henry. Subject to the action Of
the democratic primary August l,
1918.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19
For STATE SENATE.

McCALL--We are authorized to
announce Joe II. Mccall as a candi-
date for State Senator for the coun-
lies of Henry and Carroll, subject
to the August primary.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

MORTON-Henry w. Morton ~,
nounces as a candidate for JUSTIFY "a
the Peace of the first civil district OF
Henry County, election August LIST.
1918.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

TRAVIS-We are authorized to
announce E. j. Travis as candidate
for Justice Of the Peace for the, First
Civil District of Henry County, at the
August Election.
The Parisian. (Paris, Tenn.) 1907-1962, 1918-07-19

Governor Rye can testify as to tine
July frosts in East Tennessee.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1918-03-14
GET EGGS WITH
BEEESCRAP
Important Feeding Practice thai
Should NOtbe Overlooked by
Any Poultry Feeder
4:YEAR GOVERNMENT RECORD
Experiments Go To Show That Hens
VIII Respond To Proper Feeding And
Good Care, Yielding Eggs That VIII
Bring Profits To Producer.

BeefGcrap, as sold by poultry sup
ply, feed and seed stores, consists OF
the cracklings and lean sinews left
in the huge rendering watts Of the
packers after they have rendered
beef, hog, and sheep fats. This mix
ture is kiln-dried and ground. 1t con-
tains from 40 to IS percent animal
protein, and II fed to hens in the right
manner 600 pounds beetscrap, 200
pounds corn meal, and 100 pounds mill
run wheat bran and shorts, this mix.
ture Of grains to be thoroly mixed to-
eether and kept before the fowls in an
open hopper will, according to gov
eminent, records of four years, pro.
duce more than twice as many eggs as
. ration without meat scraps.
In addition to this dry mash, the
hens should be fed a scratch feed in a
deep litter Of straw on the poultry
house floor, consisting of the follow
ing: 200 pounds cracked corn with the
meal sifted out, 100 pounds oats, and
100 pounds good wheat screenings
whore they can be purchased at not
to exceed $3.50 per- 100 pounds. AT
noon hens should be fed all the sprout,
ed, oats they will eat In ten or fifteen
minutes.
With comfortable quarters and us.
ing the beefscrap and the sprouted
oats, hens will produce from ten, to
twenty dozen eggs year. while with,
out the beefscrap it is almost inn
possible to get over fifty per cent OF
this number Of eggs. Beefscrap now
December. 1910 costs about $500 pei
100 pounds, but a general purpose
hen, such as a Plymouth Rock, Rhode
Island Red, or Wyandotte, will
eat only ten pounds of this beefscrapl
during twelve months. In other words |
she will eat forty pounds of the dry
mash and forty pounds of the scratch |
feed including the oats necessary for
sprouting in a Year,. ~ Crane, |
poultry specialist, Division of Exten.
sion, University of Tennessee, Knox |
Vile
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1918-03-14
pitfsb,uiiT

Speaaifs fAt Mar.
As'.Uncle Blue" has not had
ANYTHING to say in so long, ]
thought | would give you some
news.
Understand that John Shir-
ley wants some fish, Well, John,
i have two nets ready and will
knit two more. That will give me
four, so | think | can get your
fish.
The boys are organized at Dur
ham, something that has been
needed for years. S9me of the
boys have to leave and go to the
army. 1t seems that most of the
young men will have to go. Sew
eral miners are preparing to go
to Kentucky.
There is considerable sick
ness here. -
The Holiness people. are hold
ing a meeting here, and some
are holding dances and plays
not over fifty yards from the
church at the same time.
| am glad to hear that Whit
we'll is organized. Would like to
know who is your foreman in the
store and superintendent. Men,
make all you can. Our local
meets Thursday night.
/ live on Signal Mountain, so
come around. Would like to
hear from all my old friends at
Whitwell,
. Irish potatoes are $3.50 to So
a bushel out here. Uncle Blue.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1918-03-14
'WhitwyeIl.

SpeciaIfo h| Nrsps
We are having some very nice
weather now.
Ella Wimberlv went to Chatta,
nooga last week.
Miss Esteile Lamb is suffering
from a sprained foot. Hope she
will recover soon.
Scott Stone, Claud Smith and
Victor Ross attended church Sun
day night.
Dester and Collins Lamb at
tended church Sunday night.
Miss Beatrice White was in
WhitWell Monday.
Miss Estelle Lamb received a
nice pres mt Saturday.
Blant Hamrics, Simon Dykes,
Luther Martin and Cordius Lamb
attended speaking Sunday.
Lester Lamb said there were
lots of pretty girls in Whitwell.
Ransom Terry is gardening to-
day. That's right, Ransom.
Some one wrote that the sold
ier's letters cid not amount to
anything, but that is not so. l
love all the soldier boys because
they are proving our best friends.
They are willing to fight for"Old
Glory. | only wish | could be
in the army. Cheer up, boys, |
love you all.
Miss Este lie Lamb enjoys read
ing letters from Greenville, S. C.
James Station is visiting home
folks. Snowfall.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1918-03-14
Death of Baby.

Thelma, two, year-old daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Everett Rauls-
ton, of So Pittshurg. died Mon
day night Of last week of whoop-
ing cough and pneumonia. Fun
eral services were conducted next
dav by Rev. Eastwood, pastor M.
e. Church, South