davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-01-20

In the, art but remedy has been
found for every form of m'F'nE' ana
the men are finding ii much mor'
pleasant to participate in drills than
spend "a hours in bed with nothIns
10 read
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-01-20
AGREEMENT MADE BY MINERS
Washington settlement Accepted by
Ovcrwhelm ng Vote.

INDIANAPOLIS, Jan ls.4After
two days OF stirring debate, the
United Mine Workers Of America In
biennial convention late today, by
overwhelming vote ratified the Wash
ington agreement OF October 6. which
grants substantial wage advances 10
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1918-01-20
Warm Climate.

what ia this picture '''
"Fall OF Babylon
"U-m. Judging from the costumes
they had a warm fan In those parts"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26

A food map of Europe today shows
not a single country in which the fu-
ture does not hold threat of serious
difficulties and only 4 small part which
is not rapidly approaching the famine
point. With the exception Of the
Ukraine only those countries which
have maintained marine commerce
have sufficient food supplies to meet
@ssE-s' GEES Until next harvest, and
0s "a tie BSTaine, with stores accu-
Rs Led oe he farms, there is famine
6 large oenters of population.
/ tSium @ad northern France, as
We a. Serbia, appear on the hunger
ma distinct from the rest of Europe
because they stand in a different rela-
ton from the other nations to the peo-
pie of the United States. America has
for four years maintained the small
war rations Of Belgium and northern
France and is already making special
efforts to care for their increased
after-the-war needs, which, with those
of Serbia, must be included in this
plan, are urgent in the extreme and
must have immediate relief.
The gratitude of the Belgian nation
for. the help America has extended to
her during the war constitutes the
strongest appeal for us to continue our
work there. The moment the German
armies withdrew from her soil and she
was established once more in her own
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26

seat of government the little nations
first thought was to express her graft
tude to the Commission for Relief in
Belgium for preserving the lives of
millions of her citizens.
Germany, OF the other hand. need
not figure in such a map for Ameri-
cans because there is no present indi-
cation that we shall be called on at all
to take thought for the food needs Of
Germany. Germany probably can care
for her w food problem if she is
given access to shipping and is enabled
to distribute food to the cities with
dense populations, which are the trou-
Bile centers.
England, France, the Netherlands
and Portugal, all Of which have been
maintained from American supplies,
have sufficient food to meet immediate
needs, but their future presents seri-
Gus difficulties. The same is true Of
Spain and the northern neutral coun-
tries-Norway, Sweden and Denmark
whose ports have been open and who
have been able to draw to some degree
upon foreign supplies.
Most of Russia is already in the
throes of famine, and 49, $1,000 people
there are beyond the possibility of
help. Before another spring thou
sands of them inevitably must die.
This applies as we'll to Poland and
practically throughout the Baltic re-
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
REDUCTION IN RATES
Rail Director Promises Cut in Ex-
listing Schedules.
Assurance of Federal Control for Five
Years Would Allow Slash
in All Tariffs.

Washington, Dec. 21.-With an as
surance of five years of federal control
of the railroads, Director General Nc
Adoo said that existing freight and
passenger rates could be materially
reduced within the next calendar year
without any reduction of the present
railroad wage scales.
McAdoo said the present standard
of wages could be maintained without
serious trouble because the govern
ment should furnish transportation at
cost and the volume of traffic would
produce sufficient revenue if all ele-
ments cooperate" He added that the
whole problem SHOULD be worked out
to a decision "on experience rather
than theory
Much has been printed editoriaHy to
the effect that the question of govern
ment operation or private control was
building a campaign issue, McAdoo
said.
1--WE can't get a fair test of govern
ment operation when the case comes
up in a presidential campaign" Nc
Adoo continued. No government test
ought to take place in the heat Of a
presidential campaign. That is one
of the reasons why I advocate a five
year plan in trying out operation by
the federal government"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
gions, with conditions most serious in
Finland .

gions, with conditions most serious In
Finland. :"
Bohemia, Serbia, Roumanla and
Montenegro have already reached the
famine point and are suffering a heavy
toll Of death. The Armenian popula-
ton is falling each week, as hunger
takes it's toll, and in Greece, Albania
and Roumania so serious are the food
shortages that famine is near. AL
though starvation is not yet imminent,
Italy, Switzerland, Bulgaria and Tur-
key are in the throes of serious strin-
gencies.
In order to fulfill Americas pledge
in world relief we will have to export
every ton Of food which can be han
died through our ports. This means at
the very least a minimum of 20,000,000
tons compared with 100000 tons pre-.
war exports and 11,S20,000 tons *.
ported last year, when we were bound
by the ties of var to the European
| allies.
If we fail to tighten the black spots
on the hunger map or If we allow any
| portions to become darker the very
peace for which we fought and bled
| will be threatened. Revolt and anarchy
inevitably follow famine. Should this
happen we will see in other parts OF
Europe a repetition Of the Russian de.
bacle and our fight for world peace
will have been in vain.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
British Ruler to Entertain Presi-
dent Wilson at Bucking-
ham Palace.
SLOW IN DEVELOPING
Definite Plans for Meeting of Peace
Congress Are Not Shaping as
, Rapiding 'as Some En-
voys Expected.

Paris, Dec. 21.-President Will
I son spent most of the day con-
ferring with Italian statesmen and
considering the claims that Italy
will lay before the peace confer
ence. Premier Orlando and For
eign Minister Sonnino explained
In detail their country's ambi-
tons. Mr.. Wilson frankly told
Premier Orlando and Baron Son.
nino that he did not know what
Italy should receive, but added
that he intended to support action
that would be just.
London, Dec. 21.-It was officially
announced that President Wilson prob
ably will be the guest Of King George
at Buckingham palace during his visit
to England.
Congress Plans Delayed.
Paris, Dec. 21.-Definite plans for
the peace conference are not shaping
as rapidly as some of the commission
ers expected. Meanwhile President
Wilson is taking advantage of the op-
portunity to appraise public opinion
"a oAu 4AASAoCutdA1y Ill 01CdI
Britain. His advisors say he is en-
tirely satisfied that these peoples are
largely in accord with the principles
he has announced as necessary to a
durable peace.
The members of the American mis-
sion are employing their time before
the peace delegates from the various
countries aot1o11v occooh1o i, q eovioo
of informal conferences, which event.
ually will include a representative of
each of the Entente belligerents. Neu-
trail states will not come into these
discussions. The feeling among all
the Entente conferees is that the max
ing of peace should be their first task,
SO that they may determine upon the
broad outlines Of a league of nations,
which later, representatives of neutral
countries will assist in completing.
Wilson Receives information.
While the American commissioners
are holding these informal exchanges,
which are designed to clear up diver
gencies of opinion, the President is
constantly giving the closest attention
to immediate problems. He is receiv-
Ing reports from the United States,
from American diplomatic agencies
throughout the world and from the
group of Investigators brought here
for the purpose of studying the many
problems which will arise. These in
vestigators are continuing their inves-
legations with the advantage now of
being on the ground and in intimate
contact with original sources of infor-
nation.
President Wilson's Christmas plans
contemplate his departure from Paris
on Christmas eve for Chaumont, Amer
lean headquarters, on General Per-
shing's special train. On Christmas
morning he will go by automobile to
a nearby rest camp and dine with the
troops, returning to Paris the same
night.
1t is thought that the President may
try to crowd his visit to Belgium into
the time preceding the conference.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26

commercial paintings it has beer
thought well of by the farmers who
have used 1t. In western Oregon and
western Washington it can be grown
successfully as a seed crop, the yields
averaging from IL to Is bushels an
acre. 1t has not been sufficiently test
ed in the Southern states to determine
definitely its value in localities where
common vetch is now being grown, but
as it requires conditions similar to the
common varieties, it seems probable
that it may serve an excellent purpose
in this region as well as in the western
United States. 1t Is Of high feeding
value and makes good hay in pas
turage.
Under average conditions purple
vetch will stand a winter temperature
Of Is degrees above zero with little
or no injury. Where the temperatures
are not likely to fall below this mark
it should be sown in the fall. With
colder winter conditions, spring seed
ing is essential. In localities where
common vetch has been grown success
fully and the necessary bacteris have
been established in the soil, it is not
necessary to i%noculate for purple
vetch.
Purple vetch should be drilled in
close drills or broadcasted at the rate
Of go to 80 pounds Of seed per acre.
Harvesting can be done best with a
common mower having a swather at
tachment. 1t should be cut for hay
during the period from full bloom to
The formation Of the 4Ist pods. The
yields average about 2h tons Of hay
per acre. When harvesting for seed
the crop should be cut soon after the
lower pods r. ripe, at which time
the upper pods will be mature and the
plant will be carrying a ma1ilnum
quantity Of seed. Purple vetch is less
exactng as to the time Of cutting than
common vetch, as the seed skaters
less readily. Thrashing may be done
with an ordinary thrashing mafhine.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26

veyance it will assume a water-level
on top. At the same time it should
not be SO wet Is to flow readily.
The thickness Of the lining needed
depends upon the severity Of the cli-I
mate, tae care and skin used in pre-
pairing she foundation, the character
Of the concrete and other factors.
Reaervoirs Built of cobblestones.
Many small reservoirs have been
built in southern California to store
water pulaped from welRs over night
for use in irrigation the following day.
In the Pomona valley, which includes
an area OF valley land comprising
something like 81 square miles, Of
which about one-third Is irrigated,
there were in 1912 wei so Of these
reservoirs owned and operated by indi-j
vidual orchardists or by small groups
Of orchardists comparatively. In the
preparation Of much Of the land For
citrus orchards on the benches of.
this valley large quantities Of cobble-,
stones are removed and dumped into
rovines or piled up in long rectangu-
lar walls. Years ago some one con.
ceived the idea Of making use Of this
rock to give stability to reservoir.
walls, and out Of this conception has
been developed a more or less distinct
type Of farm reservoir. This type,
consists In the main Of a wall Of cob
h:estone masonry laid in cement NOR
tor In which a small amount of lime is
incorporated, a concrete floor and an
earth embankment around the ex.
terror.
From IN engineering standpoint the
crucial tests of a reservoir may bo'
said to be such features as efficiency,
durability. first cost, and maintenance,
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26

London, Dec. 21.-Important indus.
trial developments are impending in
England, according to the Daily
Chronicle, which says that enterprises
already in hand involve an expendi-
ture Of 5,000,0 900 pounds. Chief among.
these Is the building of a large re-
finery at Swansea by the Anglo-Per-
sian on company. This company is
preparing to spend 1000, 900 pounds
on wharves, railroad tracks and
equipment. Many mining enterprises
also are projected, according to the
newspaper.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
WAR KILLS 100000 HUNS

Cologne Gazette Says Total Fatalities
Will Reach That Figure.
New York, Dec. 21.-When the total
German casualties are published, the
number of dead will be about 2,0OO,-
600, according to the Cologne Gazette
Of Nov. rs, a copy of which has been
received here. Up to Oct. Is, the total
casualties reported were $685. 69, of
whom more than 4,750,00O were Prus-
SLAMS. The total includes the naval
msualties, which were 10000, includ-
ing more than $4,000 dead, more than
$4,000 missing and nearly $4,000
wounded.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
BIG ADVANTAGE OF
PURPLE vETCH CROP
Similar to Common and Hairy
Varieties, but Less Hardy.
Has High Feeding Value, Is Good for
Green Manuring and for Seed Pro-
duction-Makes Good Hay in
Pasturaqe.

prepared by the United states Depart
ment of A~gricultuGe.)
In the Southern and Pacific coast
states where winters are not severe,
purple vetch, a promising new crop,
can be grown to advantage. This
vetch, which is similar to the common
and hairy varieties, but is less hardy,
brought into the United States
by the office of foreign seed and plant
Introduction in 1899 from Italy. In
California, where experimental work
has been conducted, it has proved one
Of the BEST, If not the best, crop for use
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
Ludendorff Admitted War Lost.

London, Dec. 21.-General Luden-
dorf was told more than a year ago
that in order to win the war he must
capture Paris, London and New York.
He admitted it could not be done.
This was revealed in an interview
with DR.. Ratheman, head Of the Ger
man Electrical company, employing
10000 men, obtained by the Berlin
correspondent of the Express. Ger
many is ruined for next generation,
politically, industrially and econssai.
cally," Ratheman was quoted On
saying.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
5,784 NAMES ARE GIVEN OUT

Many Northwest Casualties in Last
List Received.
Washington, Dec. 21.-Many north
west casualties were reported by the
war department in a list of 1874
names given out. The casualties were
divided as follows: Killed in action,
a24; died of wounds, 80; died of dis
Ease, 253; died from accident and
other causes, 27; wounded in action,
5.0o9; missing in action, 200.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
BUILT TO PROTECT FLOWERS
Concrete Curb Prevents foundations
That Would Sweep Away the
Blooms and Shrubbery.

A curb to protect the flowers and
shrubbery growing in a parkway be-
fore a home from heavy rain torrents
is shown in the accompanying photo
graph. The parkway is located on the
side Of a hill. Every rainfall caused
a flood of water to run over the street
curb on to the parkway, sweeping
away or inundating the growing things
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26

The Frankfurter Zeitung now de-
clares that it was American troops
that made Foch's victory possible,
theSs :.1sng Che same American troops
that eSr.Ia,Eas be transported to France
beeaas e2 ahe German submarines
end N xsss0 raw and worthless when
Galag G44 get 6Asrs.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
Precaution Should Be Taken to
Prevent Injury by Frost
and Settlement.
COBBLESTONES made USE OF
To Safeguard Structure 1t Is Recon-.
mended That Completed Earth.
work Be Thoroughly Soaked
Before Lining Is Laid.
(From the United States Department of
orinl1lt11ra

(From the United States Department of
Agriculture.)
If durable water reservoirs are de-
sired, they may be lined with con
crete or built of cobblestones. In
form, the concrete-lined type may be
either rectangular Or circular. A cir
cular reservoir lined with concrete,
having a diameter Of 1874 feet at the
bottom, a depth of s feet, and a ca,
pacity Of 2 acre-feet, OF 651,659
United States gallons, is somewhat
similar in design to one built under
the supervision Of the Office of public
roads and rural engineering at Fort
Collins, Colo. Precautions are neces-'
sary, in order to prevent damage by,
settlement and frost. If the reservoir
is formed partly in excavation and
in fill, it is difficult to treat
each class Of material in such q way,
that both will be equally stable and
i~mpervious. If the material in the
fill, for instance, settles more than
the natural earth, the concrete lining
Is apt to be ruptured along the division:
line. Not only uneven settlement in,
different parts Of the earth embank-
,nent, but settlement in any one part
tends to rupture Or otherwise dam
age concrete lining.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
This Extra Curb Was Buift to Protect
Parkway Flowers From foundations.

In its path. This having occurred sew
eral times he owner Of the property
decided on the extra curb as q means
of p49gaDtion.
The ccsb O. located at the upper end
OF eE9 PARKWAY, at an angle to the
grade eg he street, so that when the
water Rashes down the gutter and
washes over the street edging it strikes
the extra guard and is driven back.
The curb is about 9 feet in length, 6
inches in thickness, and from 8 to IL
inches in height. 1t is made Of con-
crete with a smooth finish to match
the sidewalk.
Since this extra curb was put in
place the flowers have not suffered
from rains.-Popular Science Monthly.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
Cape Cod turkey" for Wilson.

Boston, Dec. 81. - A "Cape Cod'
turkey just plain Goldfish = was
shipped to Paris for President Will
sons New Years dinner. The fish,
which weighed "a pounds, was
caught on the Georges Banks, off
Cape Cod.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
Hoo kil,a Woman in Texas.

tug N'ttU VOn7dH TT IeNdS.
San Benito, Tex, Dec. 21.-Mrs. -.
Avery, 70 years old, died here as a
result of injuries suffered wher she
was attacked by a hog on her sons
farm here.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
LICENSING SYSTEM URGED
House Committee Asked to Regulate
Packing Industry.

Washington, Dec. 21.-The Federal
Trade commission never has and will
not recommend that the government
take over the big packing plants of
the country, William B. Colver, chair
man Of the commission, told the House
interstate commerce committee.
A system of licensing similar to the
way war licenses have been issued
suggested by the chairman as a.
means of regulating the meat industry.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
UNABLE TO FEED BIG ARMY
Two Hundred Thousand Germans In.
termed In Hungary.

termed In Hungary.
Rome, Dec. 21.-Hungary can not
feed Field Marshal Won Mackensen's
army of 100000 men, which the Allies
ordered interned, Count Karolyi, Hun
garian premier, declared in an inter-
view with the Budapest correspondent
of the Idea Nazionale.
Karolyi said that %Bolshevism will
dominate Hungary unless food is
promptly supplied by the Allies.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26
Concrete for Lining.

A concrete suitable for lining should
contain an ample percentage of good
cement in order to make it water.
tight. A mixture Of / part by vol
ume Of cement, 2 parts Of sand and
4 parts Of gravel or broken rock is
recommended. A measured volume
Of sand is dumped on the mixing plat
form, half as much cement is added to
1t and both ingredients are mixed dry
Until the mixture is of one color. It
is then moistened and worked into a
soft mortar, and the rock or gravel,
having been previously moistened, is
added. The mortar and rock or gravel
then are turned over with shoyels att
least twice or until the entire mass isl
thoroughly mixed. The concrete!
should be sufficiently moist at this
Stage so that when shoveled into a
w~heelbarrow or other means Of con-
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1918-12-26

The American legation at Bucharest
was found to have been entered and
robbed when American Minister Va.
picka returned there from Jassy.> Mr..
Vopfcka reported to the State depart
ment that goods valued at more than
$4,000 were stolen from % trunks
which had been left at the legation
by Americans for safe keeping. Ger
mans are believed by the minister to
have been responsible.
Williston graphic., 1918-07-04
THE DRIVE for AMIENS
BY E. G. PIPP
Copyright, 1918.)

not think it possible for any human
mind to exist so cold -blooded and with
so little regard for life as to attempt
to push human flesh against steel to
the extent required to break through.
For every gain there must be q price,
there must be measurement Of loss
of life against ground gained. Men
of experience and sanity can figure
in advance to something Of certainty
as to what the cost will be, and no
general in the British, French or
American army has been found 50
reckless of human life, so stepped in
military heartlessness, as to be
willing to pay the price that Germany
paid, or willing to order the death Of
his own men as Germany ordered in
this drive.
History recosds that when Napoleon
was nearing his finish, when it was
regarded that his mind was becom-
ing somewhat degenerate, he spent
his military resource, the lives of his
men, with just such profligacy as was
shown by the Germans in the year
1918. W.. ..@
The Kaiser himself came to the
western front to make this battle
his battle. Intrigue had won Rus
sia, but intrigue could not fool the
British, or treachery touch them; 50
they were to be made to feel the
power of German wrath.
Militarism must prevail for Ger
CONTINUED on page 81
Williston graphic., 1918-07-04
the Marne from the Aisne. They
<ooL r,.;SocorS orI ,roach;nn .r.,NS

the Marne from the Aisne. They
took prisoners and machine guns.
gained ground in each attack and
The most pronounced gain was
effected by General Petain's troops
just above the point where their line
joins the American sector northwest
Of Belleau wood. They advanced
here south of Passy-En-Valois aud
carried their line forward so that it
now runs east of the Chezy-Vinly
railroad. In addition they held on
firmly to the ground gained the
night previous just to the north in
the region of Moslcy, fighting off two
German counter attacks.
Southwest of scissors, where the
brilliant stroke of last week placed
the French in strong position on
the important Laversine plateau,
they moved ahead again in the CEN
ter of their new line, gaining ground
by the capture Of a strong poi1:
north of Cutry.
Take 200 Prisoners .
e, In all the French took some 200
prisoners in these actions. The Brit
ish stroke, which was also a local
operation was we'll toward the south
ern end of their line just above Al
bert, north of the Somme river. An
improvement in the British positions
was effected here and machine guns
nd prisoners fell into their hnds.
Tension is increasing along the Brit
ish front in France as the crescendo
of the German artillery fire mounts
higher. From Pyres to Rheims, the
big guns are buster than they have
been for some days and the Germans
probably are preparing to react
strongly against the allied nibbling
tactics which cost them importan:
points last week.
The German command is known
to have large forces in readiness on
the main battle fields of France.
They may strike anywhere on the
200 mile main front as their COM
munications give them much elasti-
city of movement. 1t is expected also
that that the blow when it does come,
will be the mightiest the enemy can
make.
West of Brenta, General Diaz is
preparing for eventualities by
strengthening his line as the oppor-
tunity appears. East of Asiago 1tal-
ian troops have reoccupied the height
of Monte Di Valbella capturing 800
prisoners. Strong enemy attempts