davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18

Bee Hives Placed In a Good Location.
were transferred to movable frame
hives and handled by improved meth
DDS. II all the beekeepers now using
box hives would adopt the modern
type of movable frame hive they
would add many millions of pounds Of
honey to the nations supply. Much
of the honey produced by colonies in
box hives is wasted by crude methods
Of securing the crop, and these col.
Onies are reduced in earning value by
uncontrolled swarming, and by the
annual loss of bees which die in win
ter because of lack of protection and
sufficient food stores.
While bees may be transferred at
any season when they are active, the
best time is during the season of fruit
bloom when the combs contain little
honey, and when the bees will gather
nectar rather than rob honey from a
hive which is being transferred. An
other good time for transferring is
Immediately after the first swarm Of
the year when the number of bees
in the hive is greatly reduced, and
when there is no danger of losing or
injuring the queen. She goes with the
swarm, leaving queen cells in the hive.
Transferring when robber bees are
active requires that the work be done
inside screened or bee-tight build
Ing.
There are five methods of trans
ferring. One consists in cutting the
combs from the box hive and placing
them in new movable frame hive,
and transferring the bees by shaking
or drumming them from the old hive.
Another way is to drum the bees out
and move them to new hives which
have been previously provided with
full sheets OF comb-foundatlon The
third method consists in catching the
swarm as It issues from the old hive
and Immediately putting 1t in the new
hive placed on the old stand. In the
fourth method the new hive containing
comb-foundation is placed on the old
one, and an opening for the bees pro
vided between the two. The fifth
method requires little special equip
ment and takes advantage of the fact
that in some localities the bees are
almost sure to swarm. Place the new
hive near the old one and provide IL
with queen-trap near the entrance
in such a way that when the bees
swarm the queen viii be caught, and
the worker bees automatically will
enter the new hive. These methods
are described In detail in a new Farm.
ers Bulletin, No. 961, which win be
sent free, so long as the supply lasts,
on application to the United States
department Of agriculture, Washing
ton, d. G.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
Good CROPS FOR
HOGS TO GATHER
Animals Save Time and Labor
by Harvesting Corn, Pump
kins, Rape, Rye, Etc.
GRAIN IN RATION NECESSARY
Advisable 70 start Swine Gradually
Before Turning Them Into Field
Of corn-Alfalfa lie Best Of
All Green Forage.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture)
HOgging off corn has been tested
thoroughly at several agricultural ex-
pertinent stations and by practical hog
4aisers, and the practice is strongly
:econA mended. Corn alone is not a
satisfactory hog ration. Where the
crop is to be hogged of, some other
crop should be combined with 1t.
Pumpkins seeded at the same time as
the corn, soy beans or cOwpeas seeded
in the same or in. alternate rows with
the corn, and rye, rape or soy beans
seeded at the last working of the corn
have all been used with satisfactory
results.
Grain Ration Needed. u
With one of these combinations no
other grain ration is needed, but If
there is no other forage growing in
the cornfeld some concentrate, such
as tankage, cowpea meal or middlings,
should be fed. 1t is advisable to start
the hogs gradually for a few days,
with little green corn before turn
Ing them into a field of corn to hog
1t off. The corn is ready for grazing
when the grain is dented or glazed.
1t will take about one month for four
teen to sixteen hogs weighing $50
pounds each to hog off an acre of corn
which would yield 80 bushels. 1t is
not advisable to let the hogs have ac-
cess at any time to more than they
will clean up in ten days.
Alfalfa Is Best.
Alfalfa is perhaps the best of all
green forages for hogs. 1t starts
growth early in the spring. If kept
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
Preparing Animals.

II Is important that an animal in
tended for slaughter should be kept
Off feed for "a to SO hours. II kept
on full feed the system is gorged and
the blood vessels loaded. In such a
condition 1t is impossible to drain out
the veins thoroughly when the animal
is bled, and n reddish colored, unat.
tractive carcass will be the result
Food in the stomach decomposes very
rapidly after slaughter, and where the
dressing Is slow the gases generated
often flavor the meat. Water should
be given freely up to the time OF
slaughter, as 1t keeps the tempeTa-
ture normal and helps TO wash out the
system, resulting in a nicely colored
carcass.
The care Of animals previous to
slaughter has considerable effect on
the keeping qualities Of the meat. 1t
is highly important that they be not
excited In any way sufficiently to
raise the temperature Of the body. Ex.
element prevents proper drainage
of blood vessels. and II extreme win
cause souring Of the meat very soon
sitter dressing. In no instance should
an animal be killed Immediately after
long drive or after a rapid run
about the pasture. II heated by such
cause II Ii far better to allow II to
rest overnight before killing than to
risk the meat spelling. The flesh Of
IN animal that has been overheated is
usually Of q pale color and very often
develops : sour or putrid odor with
In three or four days after beiaa
dressed.
It is also essential that the animal
Re carefully handled % AZ not to bruiss
the body. Bruises cause blood to set
lie In the injured part Of the body, and
often cause loss.
A S6-hour fast. plenty Of water, care
ful handling. and rest before slaughtei
are all important In securing meat II
the best condition for use. either fresf
or for enrins purposes
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18

wool breeds, are sometimes obtalnable.
These, or even the Merino ewes, fur
nlsh a foundation for the flock that
can be quickly graded up by using
rams of the breed preferred. The
lambs from Merino ewes and mutton
rams grow well and sell well If we'll
cared for, but the yield is less than
when ewes with some mutton blood
are used. The sheep from the range
are less often infested with internal
parasites than are farm sheep, and In
the large shipments there is opportu-
nifty for closer selection.
Yearling or two-year-old ewes are
preferable TO older stock. Ewes with
'broken mouths"-that is those that
have lost some of their teeth as a
result Of age - can be purchased
cheaper than younger ones, but are not
good property for inexperienced sheep
raisers.
In buying ewes, particularly those
from the range, II is desirable, when
possible, to examine the udders to see
that they are free from humps that
would prevent the ewes from being
mixers. II is necessary TO guard also
against buying ewes that are useless.
as breeders, because Of the ends of
the teats having been clipped Off at
shearing. te
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18

ss'S - ~ ~NNF H'EtS~~s
exercised If this method is used In or
der to destroy the roots, so that they
will not interfere with cultivation.
A common method of preparing q
stump for burning is to dig two holes
on opposite sides Of the stsnp to O
depth of about 30 inches. Generally
connection is made at the bottom of
these holes by digging away the wall
of earth between them. Any adhering
earth is scraped from the tap root and
a fire started in one of the holes. II
the fire is kept up II win burn most
Of the Objectionable underground parts
OF the stump. Another method sue.
cessfully used In the long-leaf pine
area of the South is to dig hole on
one side of the stump, and with d IN
inch or pinch auger bore a hole dl.
agOnally through the stump from the
opposite side to the bottom of the hole
A fire is then started In the excava,
ton and the auger hole serves as
hue. A method largely used iE the
northwest is to bore hole horizontal
ly into the base of the stump to
point little beyond the center. An
other hole Is started as high up on the
side Of the stump as possible and bOret
downward at an angle until 1t meeh
the first boring. A fire is started a,
the interrogation by the use Of oil
pitch, Goals or by dropping q hot !rOA
attached to a wire into the hole. Az.
ter the fire is started brush Is plles
about the stump. "
Dynamite Is frequently and success
fully used In removing stumps. Small
charges are found useful In spIIttina
stumps which can then be burned more
readily. Larger charges are used t.
break the stump in pieces, so that they
may be pulled easily. or sometimes to
remove them from the ground entirely
The best time to blast stumps Is wheel
the ground is saturated with water
and the electrical method Of flrlns
blasts is recommended.
Where large number Of stnmps ar,
to be removed the use of a stumI
puller is advisable. There are tive
general types; those that pull the
stump from the side, such as capstan
type, and those that lift the stump yer
ticnlly out of the ground by the use Of
a tripod.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
REMOVAL OF STUMPS
IS DIFFICULT WORK
Destroying by Burning ls Most
Economical Method.
Care Should Be Exercised In Order 10
Destroy RoOts-DynamIte ls Often
and Successfully used-puIIer
ls Favored.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture)
Timber land that is not producing
a profit and With is to be cleared Is
usually utilized as pasture for several
years before stumps are removed. Dur
Ing this time the underbrush Is clear
ed up and many small stumps viii en-
tirely decay. If the weeds and sprouts
in pasture are kept under control,
native grasses viii gradually estab-
lish themselves even if no seeding has
ever been done.
Destroying stumpS by means Of burn
ing is an economical method and Is
widely practiced, but care should be
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
GET BETTER WHEAT VARIETY
so-cailed aNews Varieties, Extrava-
saHtly Advertised, Should
Be plsrsaarded.

prepared by the United States Depart.
ment Of Agrieulture)
Changing the kind Of wheat grown
should be done only for the purpose Of
getting a proved better variety. II il
nften desirable to do this. provided II
Is proved beyond question that the
new variety Is better for that locality,
So-called new" varieties, extrava-
gantly advertised at fancy prices
should be disregnrded completely.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
BURN ALL DISEASED GRAPES
Clean Up Around Vines and Remove
Weeds and Trash-Pisn for
Good Crop Next Year.

Clean up around the grapethres
Cut out weeds and rake Up ana de
5...oy any trash that may have &C.
eunuIated under them. Pun on and
bury or burn any rotten ar disclosed
grapes that may stIll be hanging on
the vines. An OF these things nrs
necessary II one would keep the vines
in healthy and thrifty condition. and
produce fruit NEXT year Of frst-cIAsa
quality.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
HOPS MAKE INCREASED CROP
Gain Of IL Per Cent Over 1917 ls Ex-
pectation Made by Bureau Of
Crop Estlmatea
cPrspared BY the unIled states pepart-

Prepared by the United States Depart
t lnent OF Agriculture.)
Hops win make a larger crop this
rear than In 1917 BY f7per cent, II the
recent forecast BY the bureau OF crop
estimates of the United States depart
ment of agriculture Is confirmed BY che
harvest. The expectation is s2.49l.0Oo
pounds, with which may be compared
the crop Of 27.7SS.000 pounds In 1917.
Of 50,5o5. 900 pounds In 1915. and Of g.
eS6000 pounds in 1915.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18

and that the cattle must not be more
than two years old at the time of
slaughter.
Like the beef rings, this meat dis
tributing organization is strictly CO.
operative and distinctly under farmer
control. 1t pays no dividends. In
fact, the project is so managed that
the surplus is just enough to reim-
burse the butcher for his services
and to cover operation expenses. Any
farmer in the locality is eligible for
membership If he will obey the by
laws of the organization and when
called upon furnish his share Of the
live stock for slaughter.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
LAY Is b sla pemana.

Save an OF the hay possible. On
most farms hay Is In great demand. II
win not be an easy matter to lave too
much hay for your livestock. Even
should there be a surplus 1t can b
sold at q good pEiee
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
MODERN HIVES BEST
FOR CROP OF HONEY
Movable Frames WiII Greatly In.
crease Owners Profits.
Much Of Product Is Wasted by Crude
Methods Employed and Colonies
Are Reduced in Earning Value
by Swarmins.

prepared by the United States Depart.
ment Of Agriculturel
Hundreds of thousands Of bee coll
onies, representing about One-third Of
the number kept in the United States,
are housed In log "gums" and in box
hives, and produce for their owners an
insignificant amount Of honey COM
pared with what they might do II they
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
currant snd eoe.eberry su,h...

A good time to trim the currant
and gooseberry bushes Is just after
tho fruit Is picked. Burn all the trim
mings at once and destroy many In
sects.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
Hogs Harvesting Corn and cOwpeas.

moderately grazed or II moved at in
tervals it keeps green all summer,
Alfalfa will not stand close grazing
with hogs. If grazed sufficient acre
age should be allowed so that at least
one, and preferably two, cuttings for
hay may be made each season. Such
light grazing does not seem to injure
the stand.
Red clover, crimson clover, soy
beans, cowpeas. rape and, in the South,
velvet beans and peanuts are also val
liable forage crops which the hogs can
harvest for themselves.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
Size e liead nalrx Eierd.

Too much attention cannot be given
to the selection Of d sire to head the
dalry.herd. The future success Of the
herd depsndF largely upon its head.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
REDUCE COST OF
MEAT FOR TABLE
Beef Clubs and Cooperative
Butcher Shops Gaining Fa-
vor With u. S. Farmer.
FIFTH QUARTER TO BUTCHER
Operations Start In Spring When
First Member on List Furnishes
Beef for KlIllnu-surplus
Meat Sold to Trade.

Beef clubs or rings and cooperative
butcher shops are two Of the plans
being used by American farmers to re-
duce the cost of meat for their tables
The cooperative butcher shop is re-
garded as an outgrowth Of the beef
clubs, which in varying forms have
been in operation for many years.
Typical examples Of the beef clubs
have been reported to the United
States department of agriculture from
the coastal plain of South Carolina.
Many Of the clubs have membership
of eight farmers, but most Of them
have 18. Operations Of the club start
In the spring, when the first member
on the list furnishes a beef for killing.
The slaughtering Is done by a man
hired for the purpose and who usually
receives the "1fth quarter" such as
the hide, heart and liver, as his pay.
The beef Is divided into as many
parts as there are members of the
club.
The next week second member fur
nishes the beef, and so on for eight or
sixteen weeks. the various portions Of
meat being rotated among the mem
bers, so that each gets a proportion
ate share of the choice cuts and Of the
poorer cuts.
The beef is weighed after the AMI
NAL is dressed and thus the pounds
furnished by each member are known.
AT the end of the season settlement
is made by any members who have
not furnished their full shares.
How Plan Developed.
In an Iowa farming community OBJ
lection was found to these beef rings
because each household had to con-
sumo a stated amount Of beef on stated
days during the week In order that the
available supply would be disposed of
economically. This tended to make
the beef diet monotonous and ulti-
mately led to the amalgamation Of the
beef rings into a cooperative butcher
shop.
Each member owns one share OF
stock In the project and In his turn
furnishes one head Of cattle or a.
many sheep or hogs as are desired for
slaughter. The members are credited
with the dressed weight Of the live
stock provided minus q shrinkage Of
10 per cent. They receive eoupoa
books equivalent In value to the
amount Of meat furnished, allotments
being appOrtioned equal IN steaks.
ruasts and boiling pieces. ! k-
Zach member 4 privileged to pr
chase as much or a. little meat - be
wishes and at any time he can cash
In" On his coupon book at the pre-
vailing prices. Surplus meat is soid
10 the local trade at from Eve to sevsn
<cents lower per pound than the retail
butchers charge for similar cuts IN
grades Of meat. II Is reported
Coed Meat Required.
1t q requested that ell animals be
IN prime market condition when they
ore delivered az the cooperative shop
that they be subjected to both ante
mortem and Dost.morten examination.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
COOLING MEAT TO KEEP

Slaughtered animals must be
cooled soon after they are killed
and yet they must not be allow
ed to freeze. In the winter
day for slnughtering should be
chosen when there is a prospect
OF cooling the carcass before
the surface freezes. The most
desirable temperature for cool
ing meat is "a to 40 degrees Fab
renheit, and an approach to
these temperatures will give
good results.
In summer It is best to dress
the animal in the evening, leav-
ing the carcass in the open air
at night and carrying 1t to a
cool, dark cellar before the flies
are out In the morning. There
should be no fresh paint, tar,
kerosene or similar substance
near as freshly killed meat alb
serbs flavors readily.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18

The great bulk OF dairy produced
are and win be furnished By srads
cows
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
GRADE EWES FOR
START IN SHEEP
TearlingS or TWo-Year-0IdS Are
Preferable as Foundation
for Beginner.
HREBRED RAM IS FAVORED
beABotIon Of Type and Breed Should
be Made by Considering Glass Of
Paeture and Feeds Available
Merino ls Liked.
prepared ~ the United States Depart

prepared bY the United States Depart
Tent of Agriculture)
The inexperienced sheep raiser
should begin with grade ewes of the
best class available and a purebred
ram. The raising of purebred stock
and the selling of breeding rams can
best be undertaken by persons expert
enced in sheep raising. The selection
Of the type and breed of sheep should
be made by considering the class of
pasture and feeds available and the
general system of farming to be fol-
lowed, along with the peculiarities of
the breeds, and the conditions and
kind of feeding and management for
which each has been especially devel-
eyed.
Keep Same Breed.
Ii Is highly advantageous for all. or
a majority Of the farms "a a neighbOr-
hood, to keep the same breed of sheep
or az least to continue the use Of
~ AAC AAAOA a
cision Aes been made as to a suitable
breed the aim should be to obtain ewes
that are individually good, and that
have as any crosses as possible of
the breed selected. With such foun-
dalton anu the continuous use of good
purebred rams Of the same breed, the
flock viii make continuous improve
ment. In Looking for ewes of desired
types and breeding 1t will often be
found impossible to get them near at
home at a reasonable price. Ewes
from the Western ranges can be OBJ
tanned directly from a stockyard mar
ket. For the most part the range
ewes are of MerinO breeding.
Ewes for Foundation.
First-class eve lambs and less often
older stock bred on the range and
sired by rams of the down or long
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
Trenches Are Valuable.

There are different kinds q
trenches which are valuable One \
the pit sila.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18
HELP WIN THE WAR!

prepared by the United States De
partment OF Agriculture.)
Get behind the country's az.
ricultural war program.
The U. s. department Of agri-
culture.
The State Agricultural coli
lege. I'll
The county farm bureaus.
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18

Experience shows that little and
often is .he best rule for applying m
pura
The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current, 1918-10-18

II Il requested that ell animals be
IN prime market condition when they
ore delivered at the cooperative shop;
that they be subjected to both ante
porte,n and Dost.mortem examination.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-09-25
Save Peach Seeds
And Walnut Shells

Material produced from peach
stones, cocoanut shells, also from
apricots, prunes, cherries, plums and
walnut shells is of vital Importance
in the production of gas masks. Ev-
cry pound of this material that can
be obtained is necessary in order to
provide for the protection against
gas Of our boys overseas.
Will you please save these stones?
The materials are needed by the
Chemicals Warfare service. Some
provision will be made looking to the
concentration of all these shells and
stones. There should be large
quantity of walnut hulls or shells
saved throughout this section, judg-
ing from the large amount of walnut
kernels that are shipped from Greene
vile alone. Tell your neighbors
about it and have them tell some one
else.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-09-25
= = :
BRADBURN HILL

4 n 4 y 4
The Christian Endeavor society OF
this place will render quite an inter.
esting program Sunday night, Sep.
tember Goth. Everybody come.
Miss Frances King, of Chuckey, is
visiting her grandparents, Mr.. and
Mrs. H. H. Brown.
Misses Marie and Robbie O'Dell
and Flossie Fortner spent Sunday
with Miss Elmina Scott.
Mr.. Robert Dixon spent Saturday
night at the home of Mr.. Bose Har-
din.
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. G. Monroe went
to Hawkins county Saturday to see
hi father, who is dangerously ill,
Mrs. M. E, Wrinkle and sister, Miss
Dora Wells, are visiting friends in
North Carolina.
Mr.. ]. N. Holbrook and family
spent Sunday with Mr.. Lee Tilson
and family.
The poke supper which- we an
to be Saturday, September
2sth, has been called off until a later
date.
MIG AND HOP.
The Greeneville daily sun. (Greeneville, Tenn.) 1918-1920, 1918-09-25
Two British Airmen
Capture 65 Germans

LONDON, Sept. 25.-Two British
aviators, flying low in one machine,
brought about the surrender of 65
Germans and without leaving their
plane, shepherded the party across
No Mans Land to the British lines,
according to a tale from the battle
field made public today.
The pilot and his observer had
been attacked from trench and
sunken road. The pilot dived and
replied to the enemy fire with his
machine gun, killing one and wound
ing three. The Germans, in a panic,
ceased firing and hoisted white
handkerchief.
AS there were no British infantry
in that neighborhood, the pilot de-
scended to within fifty feet of the
ground and ordered the Germans out
of the trenches, circling around them
to insure that none escaped. All
were safely brought in and handed
over to the nearest British troops.
The aviators then resumed their pa
troll work.