davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
HISTORY OF REVOLUTION
WHICH FREED RUSSIA

machine guns. They fatty refused to
carry out this massacre. Officials
promptly replaced them with the
police, known to have no compunc.
tions of this scrt. The police fired
several volleys. The first general
clash of the populace and the govern.
ment forces followed. The czar or
dered the duma dissolved and 1t was
apparent he had determined on rever-
sion to stern repression again.
March IL (Sunday) y)-Widespread
clashes continued all of Saturday
night and Sunday. They eliminated
in the first big break in the govern
uent's forces. Russian regiment
OF the Petrograd garrison reyolted
when their officers demanded they
omen fire on the hungry people. An
other Joined later. Four more came
over late at night These forces COM
bined and took the strong fortress OF
st Peter and st. Paul after brief
battle. Their success led to other
wholesale mutinies Of troops with
bloody scenes as the troops killed
their officers or overwhelmed the
small number that still remained
loyal to the czar. Then the troops
marched in force against the police
and defeated them in a bloody street
fight. :.
This was the first day of organized
revolt
March IL (Monday)-Street fight
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
Count Tolstoy Says When
Alexis Comes of Age, Old
Rut viii be Followed.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.l
IENVER, Colo, March 10 EN-
peror Nicholas is not a strong enough
man to handle the affairs of Russia
This was one of the reasons given
Denver by Count Ilya Tolstoy for the
revolution in Petrograd and the ao-
dication of Nicholas. Count Tolstov
said the monarch had not the power
TO control the people nor the ability
to handle the affairs OF the govern
ment.
"Underiying the whole thing is the
question of reactionary ministers and
pro-German members in the cabinet.
There is ample proof of this. First,
we msv consider Sachomlinof, the
minister Of war. who undoubtedly Is
pro-German and has been proven so.
AS minister OF war he naturally had
charge of the army and munitions.
His actions were pro-German at all
times.
AT one time he even went so far
as to have shells manufactured that
were absolutely of no use to the Rus
sian guns An investigation was
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
WHY RUSSIANS
BECAME REBELS
Revolution of This Week was
Logical elimination of Po-
itical Situation Of Last
Few Months.
VOICE OF THE PEOPLE
Government Was Inefficient to Handle
a the Crest Probieme 81 !
war ana Food
supply.
VOICE OF THE PEOPLE

EUnited Press Leased Wire Service ]
CHICAGO. March 16.-Professor
Samuel N Harper, professor OF hus
sian language, literature and history
at the University OF Chicago. and
who is considered the leading Amer
tcan authority on Russian affairs,
has written the following for the
United Press, dealing with the in
ternaI situation which brought about
the revolution and overthrow OF the
car. DR.. Harper returned from
Russia where he made a study OF
present political, economic and So
cial conditions, six months ago.
IBy Samuel N. Harper, Written for
the United Press.}
The Russian coup d'etat IS the
logical elimination of the political
situation of these last few months.
In November last, when the duma
convened, complete change OF the
government system was demanded.
The government had shown again its
this time in connection
with the. distribution Of the food
supply Of the country. The govern
ment was actively interfering with
the activity of the public organiza-
tions working to support the army
and to solve the many problems rails
ed by the war.
Ana finally some members OF the
were suspected OF pro-
Germanism. 1t was not considered
for a moment that Russia
would betray her allies, but it was
realized that the then Prime Minister
Sturmer might put his influence for
ward for premature conference OF
the belligereAts, such rs Germany
did in fact later propose.
On all these grounds the duma de-
definitely a responsible gov
ministers responsible to
the representative bodies. This de-
mand was supported by the upper
house of the Russian parliament. half
of whose members are appointed by
the sovereign. And behind the duma
were these public organizations IN
which all classes were represented
land owners, peasants, members or
the liberal professions, manufactur-
ers and workmen-in fact the Rus
sian people.
rev days after the duma had
issued it's ultimatum. the ministers OF
war and Of the navy addressed tHe
duma. reporting upon the work of
their departments, praising the pub
lie organizations that were working
for the support of the army and stat
ing that there must be cooperation
between duma and the government. A
few days later the prime minister
resigned.
The new prime minister appointed.
attempted honestly to work with the
duma. He tried to rid himself OF
colleagues in whom neither he. or the
duma had confidence. He failed. how
ever, and was in turn dismissed and
a frankly reactionary minister was
appointed and those members OF the
whose names had been
mentioned in the pro-German intrigue
we're retained in Office. The date for
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16

limited Press Leased Wire Service.
PETiROtGRAD, March 10. (Via Lon.
don March 16.)-DemOcracy controls
Russia Gar Nicholas has abdicated
The Grand Duke Michael Alexand-
rovitch will act as regent until the
czarvich becomes of age. The en-
press is being detained; pro- German
mobiles Of the old regime have been
captured and new ministry OF the
people has been appointed.
The greatest hunt for traitors and
spies in history Was on late tonight.
The 2opuace and the army joined In
this systematic hunt for proGer'
man intriguers.
1t was their brazen activities that
were the prime cause OF the down
fall of the czar and his absoluttst
government Not even the highest
mobiles were exempt from this spy
hunt.
General Sukhomlinoff, former min
lister of war, was one of those arrest
ed tonight He went to join not
able company of those whose words
were law in other days.
The populace and the fully sym
pathetic troops Of the city ibrooked
no opposition to their control.
Baron Stokelberg fired on group
Of soldiers from his window. His
house was promptly stormed. The
baron was dragged out. He was car
ried to the side of the quay and sum-
marily executed.
Count Fredericks. the aged minis
ter of the imperial household and
aide de camp to the emperor, was
discovered in hiding. His life was
spared. but he was sent to prison to
join other notables Of the old regime.
Meanwhile his house had been com
pleteIy wrecked.
Countess Klein Michael, long sus-
pected as a German spy, was discov-
cred in hiding at the Chinese lega-
ton Soldiers promptly took her in
to custody. No more dramatic Incl
dent occurred in the last fey days OF
rioting than that of the arrest of the
former minister of war, General
Sukhomlinoff A group of soldiers
and of hastily armed people seized
him The soldiers denanied his in
slant execution. recalling vivid
stories of the former minister's du-
puicity and reasonable dealings with
Germany.
Deputy Kerensky of Saratoff, one
of the duma leaders In the revolt,
and minister of justice in the provis-
ional government, interviewed. He
appealed to the mob &c spare the
minister's life. declaring justice
would be meted out to him. He de-
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
Great Railway Strike Set to Begin at That
Hour Unless Companies Agree 10
Demands of Men.
|NANT AN EIGHT HOUR WORKING DAY
Only Short Time to Come to Agreement
Which Will Prevent Paralyzation of
Country's Traffic.

United Press Leased Wire Service. ]
NEW YORK, March 16.-Indica-
tons that President Wilson may be
asked to mediate in the threatened
railway strike. scheduled to begin to-
morrow evening developed today,
when the railway managers hurriedly
went into conference shortly after
W. G. Lee, speaking as president Of
the Brotherhood of Railway Train
meE, suggested the step.
The brotherhood chiefs followed
the example Of the managers and
also went into an informal confer
ence.
Lee made his statement in talking
with newspaper men and the quick
ness with witch the railway mana
gers went int conference, led to the
belief that It was being favorabIy
considered
eretherhoeds Mean Business.
NEW YORK, March lev. G..
Lee, chairman of the trainmen's s
brotherhood. declared today that
ninety.fve percent of the men called
out Saturday right will strike.
The railway managers cannot get
!. into their heads that this strike is
real and apparently they will not be.
lieve 1t until they wake up Sunday
morning and find their trains
stopped" he said
The railways claim at least twenty.
nye percent OF fhe cir men will remain
loyal, this group being composed OF
men who have long service behind
Them and are nearing the time when
pensions would become operative.
resident Daniel Willard, of the B..
and O., member OF the national de-
Tense council who would sit with
resident Wilson's cabinet in case
war. is in Washington today. He
leH Immediately after the. break in
regulations and there was hope here
Faat the fact that he is a former en-
Bineer, a railway president. a semi
pfhcial adviser of President Wilson
sould enable him to draw together
fersy.
Patriotic Appeal.
WASHINGTON. March 16.-While
keeplng intimately informed with
ey development in the railroad
.liAe situation. President Wilson
arly today had reached no decision
70 what, If any action he would
Inc president feels that he has not
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
entomology Of Transition From
Autccracy to Democracy
in a Few Days.

united Press Leased Wire Servfce.J
march NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. OF
lead caused unrest among working
YEN. Strikes declared at various
unltlons factories. First of series
RAIDS by hungry people on food
march 8 (Friday) - Petrograd
ee's an Were Under guard of mounte.
nse. There were several minor out
a.s when hungry people broke
~ bread stores and were dispersed
ne police. The police and some
,s ne troops from the Petrograd gar
sn were visibly haIf-hearted in
suppression Of the disorders. In
III ny cases blank-cartridges were
~ upon the mobs of people, now
aally increasing. Cavalry regi-
NJ nus We're cheered by the people.
es. iedoiiy obeyed their orders to
al a. the streets.
rra ascn 10 (Saturday)@The crowds
IN ea- Government officials fin-
oon, 'ecame alarmed and ordered
ss 70 fire into the solid masses
81 az people in Nevsky prospect.
: troops there were drawn up Will
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
PuIa of The Peonle Come. Through Revolution.
TO Great Country Long Shackled by
Autocratic Power.
RIGHT At LAST OVERPOWERS MIGHT
czar Nicholas Abdicates and New Ministry of
the People is in Charge Of Worlds
Newest Democracy.

o1ared srkhomhnoff desfsed ssaAhA
better than immediate execution T6S
crowd wavered and Kerensky won the
day.
But when the soldiery demanded
their former chiefs degradation.
Sukhomlinoff himself tore his eoau-
let's from his shoulders and handed
them to some Of the group which
guarded him. He bowed brokenly
and submitted himself to their
merces. Tottering In his Disgrace
and overwhelmed with despair. he
was taken away with difnoulty. hardly
prisoned In Tauris palace, where
other notables were held
History Made In Three Days.
[By Ed L. Keen, United Press STAFF
Correspondent.
LONDON, March 16.--Russia has
stepped from archaic autocracy to
ultra-modern democracy in three
short days. The cost In blood has
been almost insignificant considering
the immensity of the transition.
The Joy of the allied nations was
unbounded today. Russta's spectacu-
lar casting off of the Old Man OF the
Sea, who undeniably had gravely Inn
perilled the wars success. was hailed
as an epochal event. But the feeling
OF satisfaction was even deeper when
it was considered that Russia here
after will be animated by the same
ideals as her allies.
Russia's alliance heretofore was an
incongr,lity. It was impossible that
there should be an effective alliance
between the autocracy of Russia on
the one hand and the democracy OF
France, OF England and of all tho
other entente powers on the other.
That alliance will hereafter be ce-
mented by the powerful strength OF
complete democracy of all peoples
concerned.
One feature OF the revolt, Indicating
the widespread nature of the move
ment and the complete popular dis
satisfaction of the Russian people
with the old regime, was the COM
parative smoothness and the mini
mum loss of life with which the ma
ton made leap over three centuries
OF despotism to popular control in
three days.
The latest information obtafnable
here today from various Russian
sources was that the duma, the army.
the navy and the people were united
against that element of Russia which .
even il Il were not thoroughly pro
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
TWO SUBMARINES
sink STEAMER
New Evidence That Germany
Pays No Attention to Laws
of Humanity in Her
Warfare.
THINK THE CABLE IS CUT
Old TYPE British Destroyer Struck
Mine and T~.enty-eloht et
the Crew Are
Missing.
THINK THE CABLE IS CUT

limited Press Leased Wire Serv1ce.l
WASHINGTON, March 16.-NeW
evidence that Germany is practicing
an utter disregard OF all laws OF
mum anity was contained in a message
from U. 8. consul Hathaway, Hull.
England, today, relating how two SUD-
marines sank the British steamer
Lucy Anderson.
Hathaway's message said:
"British steamer Lucy Anderson,
Hartlepool to Gothenburg, with coal
sunk sixty miles north Rattray Head
March 12, gunfire two submarines.
No evidence nationality, no warning.
Shin did not resist or attempt 10
escape. but was shelled continuously
while crew took to boats and rowed
away.
mo measures for safety OF crew.
No passengers; crew OF eighteen uh-
injured. After four hours in boats,
picked UP and landed Aberdeen next
dsv Porto Rican american c1tlzen)
Placido T. Arce aboard as cook.
Struck Mine.
LONDON. March 16.-An English
DESTROYER of an old type struck
mine in the channel yesterday ana
sank. the admiralty announced today.
One man was killed and twenty
eight are missing.
Cable May be Cut.
p11ENos AIRES, March &c.
Cable communication to London via
tn eAzores was suddenly cut OH carry
TODAY. Oficials thought it might be
~ a1ya h11T a.
Iieyed here the line has beer cut by
a German raider.
Armed American Merchantmen.
IBy Carl D. Groat, United Press STAN
Correspondent
WASHINGTON, March 16.-Be-
cause some foreign governments are
inclined to object to harboring
American armed merchantmen, this
government has inquired of the Euro
pean nations whether they would
agree to admit the vessels.
None of the nations queried has
replied. The United States holds
that it has the full right to harbor-
age for it's armed craft. 1t would
even have the right to send a war
ship into foreign harbor. inasmuch
as this government is still neutral.
Foreign objections have not been
made openly, but that some of the
nations were really inclined to pre-
vent harborage Of the American
armed ships, was evidenced from the
state department attitude today.
German influence may have been
exerted on some Of the governments
to influence them against America
OH this point
This government can see no valid
grounds for the threatened obiec.
tions. The administration temper. if
strictly legal methods are followed,
will not brook interference with wha,
is regarded as manifest right.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
Next Empire to Collapse
Will Be Eat of Turkey
Russian Revolution to be Fol5Sued BY World Wide I'm
portant Moues in OthsTTEuropean Countries

revolution and victory Of the duma
the Greek
nninen
holdings Europe
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
: THE WEATHER.

IU. g. Department Of Agriculture,
Weather Bureau.l
For Keokuk and vicinity: Rain or
snow tonight: colder tonight and
Saturday Strong shifting. gales.
For Iowa: Rain or snow and cold
er tonight; thunderstorms east por-
tion; Saturday partly cloudy and cold
er Strong shifting gales.
For Missouri: Unsettled and much
colder tonight; rain or snow extreme
north portion: Saturday fair and
colder. Strong south to west winds.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
a pair 70 Draw TO.

a Pair 20 Draw 70.
Milwaukee Sentinel: Wouldn't La
Toilette and Bryan make a fine pair
LOT grape Juice twins?
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16

the power actually to prevent strike
in view of the failure of congress to
pass strike prevention legislation he
advocated before the last session.
AS a result there appeared only
one course before him-a patriotic
appeal to both sides to get together.
President as Buffer.
NEW YORK, March 16.-President
Wilson today stands as the only buff
fer between the people of the United
States and the impact of the greatest
strike the nation has ever known.
Representatives of the "big four
railway brotherhoods have declared
that unless the railways consent to
their eight hour day demands by sew
en- o'clock tomorrow evening, the pro
gressive strike designed to tie up the
country's roads. will be set into mo
tion.
Hope exists here that President
Wilson will act today. Brotherhood
chiefs and the managers committee
remained in New York, each side
hopeful that he would call some OF
them to the capitol. The nation al
ready had begun to feel effects OF the
order early today. Drastic embargoes
were being placed on freight ship
ments. Food spectators were re-
Ported active.
Today ticket offices were besieged
by persons seeking to return home
before the tieup is put into effect.
The effect Of the strike on the
city's food supply was matter OF
grave speculation. In some quarters
it was declared that five days at the
most would see the city in near-fam-
Inc conditions.
Preparing for Trouble.
CHICAGO, March 16.-With meet
ing OF the freight traffic cmmittee OF
the Chicago chamber of commerce
called for noon today, city officials and
heads Of the various industrial lines
of the city, were considering ways OF
first bringing the necessities of life
into the city, should nation wide rail
strike he called and then of conserving
those necessities and using them to
the best advantage for the public. The
roads running into the city
were preparing for the biggest bus
mess of their history, in their attempt
to handle the 100000 commuters now
being carried daily by the steam roads.
Officials of the various lake transpor-
Iron+jpued ou Dage 2)
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16

Precipitation. 10 hundredths.
Stage Of river at a. m, feet.
Change in "a hours. rise 6 tenths.
Mean temperature, March Is. SO.
Highest, 45.
Lowest, 26.
Lowest last night, 35.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16

Continued on page ~
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16

Continued on page -
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
River Bulletin.

The Mississippi will rise south Of
Davenport for several days.
Local Observations.
March. ar.Ther. Wind. Weather.
Is D. m. :. 3015 AZ NE Cldy
IS I a. m ;. 29.s6 81 d 1t Rain
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
THE WEATHER

Rain or snow. Colder. Local
temp p. m. 42; 7 a. m. 81.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16

CONTINUED on page ~
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16
Preparing for Trouble.

Continued on page 2.)
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-16

lie Telegraph service of sThe
Daily Gate City and Constitu-
ton Democrat is received over
our own leased wire.
The evening world., 1917-12-03
GOSSIP.

Bert savoy. female impersonatu, al
iac Century, tried TO make gown
Saturday and made cut-out sleeves.
The follles" played 10 tJO,2Si at
tie Nixon, Pittsburgh, last week,
thereby breaking all the theatres
records.
Eleanor Painter and her Art and
Opportunity" company have moved
from the KnickerhockCr TO the Cor,
Gotf Phillips, black h-tace comedian,
has been rc-cngaged To play the TN
ney role In watch Your step"
Eight Of the chorus girls IN Jack
O Lantern are engaged 70 marry
soldiers or sailors. However, there
are plenty left
All the Il. +. keith vaudeville the
atres In New York will give per
:ormances. beginning at 1880 A. NJ.
Friday. for the Red Cross.
Harry c, Browne has been engaged
TO sing the baritone role in Her
Regiment" It's his debut in hight
opera.
one hundred soldiers from Camp
linton Will see THE Very Idea" at the
Astor tonight as guests OF the man
agement
clara Tlcc and Rose Shulsinger
called on A0u Murdock in her dress
ing room etconuy and the Mundocl
dog EroWled at them
The evening world., 1917-12-03
nv WAY or DIVERSION.

Whon you're down aud out anl
1 tusted. when YOU hnd you can ! ~,
tgustsd Tor tn meal SVur HtVhs'"
tells YOU II your need, ON AL siie'
you'll meet tue FELLOW wnV, IN touos
both awect aud mellow, viii asaei /
our storyR made nIa ola heart ulvou'
Without tyIns ~ upUraid YOU un
a,ll vow no cannot AID you, nc WA
wish you luck and ouu sou bill oii
man" Ib,n, whcu all OF thcss ioI- .
sako you tuoro WI come lno ono
who'll stake you aud hon tell you 70
epay him wneu yVu can Az iJO'oy
p "A reyurseA Of tho sort that empty
pursaA, or. Bt least, its truo Oi most
man, 1 hurmiS0-w wncn "A dVllaI I'Vhi
..ka twenty aud II sandwien sJonl'
llks plenty aud a dougDnut N Dluss
snE Ia disguise. Then II ", when 3Ou
would borrow. that mo como arouhd
20. morrow makes you thGlk your
Irisnds have quit YOU TO a man bu'
the outlook grows more sunny Whcn
some fellow lends you money and just
smIles aud Gays: "Oh, pay me "nen
sou can"
The evening world., 1917-12-03
A QUICK REHEARSAL.

The "Cobanlcss Revue" which was
presented at tue rrIars' CLUB last
night, caused It's auLhol, Tommy
Gray. considerable worry. He found
1t hard 10 set the actors 10 rehearsc.
one day homODody asked MIN "
George Nj. Conan was up Ia his part.
sure" replied Tommy. II seat hum
the part by messenger and we re-
hearsod IL over tho phone"
The evening world., 1917-12-03
TO DEVELOP PATRIOTISM.

The Hlppodrome management has
launched a. competition for school
GnilJren everywhere. For the best
compositions on the subject OF Amer
aean history, with special reference
10 the course and complexion OF racial
lusion. prizes will be awarded rang
iug from trips 10 Washington TO s.
bills.
The evening world., 1917-12-03
WHY MARRY7p COMING.

selwyn a. co. will install their new
comedy. WAY Marry" In the Astor
Theatre Christmas night. In the cast
are Nat &, Goodwin. Edmund BrCCLe,
feliA krembs. who succeeded Arnold
DAILY: Estello Winwood, Ernest Law
lord, Mrs. James Il. Hackett, Lotus
IiopD and others.
The evening world., 1917-12-03
BUT JUST WATT

Jack Norworth and Harry Watson
1r.. OF odds and Ends OF l9l7" didn'
hAve any clay pigeons to snoot az
down at Sea Gate yesterday, 80 Mr.
Norworth took two dozen saucers
irom his wife's supply. She hasn't
discovered 1t yet ana he asks that no
lody tell her.
The evening world., 1917-12-03
SPANISH TROUPE TO STAY.

Velasco Brothers announce that, en-
couraged by the success Of Tho Land
ol Joy," they viii make their company
OF Spanish players permanent or
Eanization. They are negotiating fOI
y long tenancy at the Park.
The evening world., 1917-12-03
A 1AouoH1 FoR TO. DAY.

4 Harlem girl calls one OF her ad-
m.rers Glue, because ne sticks around
30 much.
The evening world., 1917-12-03
EooLIshM NJ ENT.

o. KllE Goa was q merry old sou,
Yea . merry old soul was he,
Bu Of lats he has put al hA friends in the hole
lie hAs been 90 exclusive, you re.
The evening world., 1917-12-03
FROM THE CHESTNUT TREE.

You're 70 bo shot az sunrise"
That's impossible"
"WhyT
II never 80, UP till . o'clock"