South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02

three rings above the wrist pin and
not any below. The old pistons had
three above and one below the wrist
pin. VIII these new plstons work as
we'll as the old ones? If they will,
why? If not, why? r. &. T.
The lower ring is placed on a
piston for the purpose Of scraping
the excess oil and preventing il
working Up into the combustion
space and causing carbon. Evident
~ the manufacturer has found that
IL is not necessary, and so has left
il off. If too much oil works up by
the piston. lower the oil level in the
crank case or use a heavier grade
of oil
Motoring Department. The News
Tines have a 1917 Ford and
have a lot of trouble with grease
working out of the rear axle hous-
Ing. have had the left side pack
Ell with felt twice, and the grease
worked out after running the car
two weeks each time. Is there any
permanent way OF fixing it? How
much grease should be put in the
differential at a time? c. r. G.
The rule in packing a differentiai
is 10 put in AS much grease as the.
housing will hold. Try a heavier
grade in summer. Perhaps your
washers are too thin. Try a double
washer on the trou blesome side.
Motoring Department. The News
Tines would greatly appreciate
an answer TO the following question:
l have a 1916 Ford touring car,
which 1 find it impossible to run
without overhea;ing the engine.
even with the car standing still. l
have taken the hose connections of
and flushed out the radiator. l have
also washed radiator out with
washing soda When the engine
gets hot. the whole radiator does,
too. 1 have drained the oil out and
reflled with fresh oil. l have taken
the head off and carefully cleaned
the pistons. Can YOU give me any
remedy which might help?
c. ]. L.
The engine Is much more apt TO
over heat with the car standing still
than when it is operating under
load Use a slightly leaner mixture
from the carburetor; keep spark
well advanced and throttle partly
closed Be careful not TO race en-
CINE Keep fan belt tight. BY at
tention 10 these details you will
greatly reduce the tendency TO
overhead.
Motoring Department, The News
Times.-There seems to be no uni
formity in the naming of the engine
on a car, as some call it the motor.
/ always understood a motor to be
an electrical apparatus. Is the
name correct when applied to an
automobile engine?
Originally all automobile engines
were called engines" in this cOun-
/ try. but the English term motor
/ ing" began 10 be adopted here as
substitute for the longer term
"automobiling," and so we speak Of
/ the motor" instead of the EN-
CINE" Now that the electric motor
! is used TO crank the engine, the
confusion YOU speak of has oc-
CURED, and so automobile engineers
\ prefer 10 keep the two terms sep
arated The word motor" being
applied to the electric starter and
CINE on the car.
Motoring Department. The News-
\ Times have seen so much in
your columns recently about knocks
that I would like a summing up of
causes of knocks, with a brief men
ton of the remedies If this will
not take too much space 1 should
much appreciate such an eXplana-
ton. c. r. I.
Knocks may be broadly mention
ed as follows: Pre-isnition. due TO
spark too far advanced, glowing
carbon, or overheated engine; loose
parts: piston slap. Spark too far
advanced is discussed in letter TO @.
&. y in this department. Retard
spark. If knocking stops that was
the cause. Knocking from over
heated engine. Overheating is
shown by radiator steaming
knocking from carbon. See if plugs
are sooted. Piston slap Only Oc-
ours on an old engine. II is due 10
piston AMI cylinder walls being
worn out or round. Loose bearing
in any part of engine will cause
knocking If other troubles than
above are present have motor in
spected by expert repair man.
Motoring Department. The News
Times-What is the effect Of ad-
vancing the spark Does it give a
hotter spark or a quicker spark or
what? c. p. y.
The effect is 10 bring the spark
earlier in the travel of the piston,
not to change its intensity When
spark is retarded it comes several
degrees after power stroke has be
gun. The piston receives the power
of the explosion. speeds up and
runs away from the explosion. b.
advancing the spark 10 dead center
the explosion presses on the piston
earlier in the stroke and so gives
} more power. By advancing the
spark into the compression stroke
the explosion pressure IS exerted on
piston just as it passes over dead
center and so greatest powec is OBJ
tanned. There are three con-
ditions: Engine being cranked, ad-
vanced spark would cause engine 20
} kick back: engine riding running
n N