davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
U. S. ASSURES SWISS
TROOPS WON'T NTRUDE

A communication to the Swiss gov
eminent affirming the intention Of
this country to respect the neutrality
OF Switzerland has been forwarded
tc Berne, it was learned here today.
The assurance was in reply to
statements emanRtIng from Berlin
that the allies intended to turn the
German line by invading the noun
tain republic. The members of the
entente have sent similar assurances
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
By ]. W. PEGLER,
United Press Staff Correspondent.

AMERICAN FIELD HEADQUAR-
TIERS, France, Dec. German
troops fighting around Cambria have
captured a few Americans, according
to unofficial word received today
from the British front Headquar-
tiers has issued no confirmation as
yet
If the news is true, it is stated on
authority that the number of Ameri-
cans taken was small.
The American headquarters has
not as vet received a report of the
Cambria fighting, in which American
army engineers participated.
No announcement Of casualties Is
yet available.
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
STEPS FOR AN ARMISTIcE
WITH R0UMANIA ARE
ANNOUNCED BY BERLIN

BERLIN Cvia London). Dec. g.
Sections OF English trenches south Of
Marcoing were cleared OF the enemy.
todRy's official statement asserted.
Capture OF some hill positions and
seven communes" was announced in
the report from the Italian front.
Announcement that the neEotiA
tions for an armistice ARE spreading
to Roumania" was made by the war
office.
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
TRAINLOAD OF XMAS
MAIL ON WAY TO FRONT

PARIS. Dee. "a trainload of more
than l 900 sacks and many boxes Of
christmas mail and gifts is being trans
ported today to American army head
quarters in France. Another ship
ment is expected from America before
the end OF the week. On many OF the
rckages is written, open at Christ
mas"
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
new SIBERIAN REPUBLIC
MAY RECALL TROOPS

HAPARANDA, Dec. IN. PotpIn
has been named premier OF the new
Siberian republic. according to word
received here today.
He is expected to issue immediate
orders for the recall Of Siberian
troops from the front
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
MISS RANKIN SILENT
ON WAR WITH AUSTRIA

Jeanette Rankin. the lady from
Montana. was nOn-committa today
when asked II she would desert the
ranks of the pacifists and vote for a
declaration OF war against Austria
Miss Rankin voted against the Ger
man war declaration.
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
FIRST ice SKATER OF
SEASON IS DROWNED

PORT HURON. Mich. Dec. B.-James
BearEeon. seventeen. OF ST. Clair. lost
his life In the first Ice skating accident
OF the season on Belle River this noon.
His chum, Eden Rose. fourteen, also
broke through the thin ice. but was
dragged from the water by Charles
Van Buskirk. who tossed him a rope.
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
j. S. TROOPS
CAPTURED BY
FOE IN DRIVE
At CAMBRIA

WITH THE BRITISH ARMIES
IN THE FIELD, Dec. 5.-British
guns today smashed great groups
of Germans masSed for attack In
the direction of ViIlers PlOuich
before the German attacking ma
chine could get under way.
Otherwise there was a IUll over
practically the whole Of the CAM
. brai sector today, so far as IN
fantry actions were concerned.
The Washington times., 1917-12-05

LONDON. Dec. 5.-Prince Rup-
precht's counter drive against the
British. in an effort to wipe out the
Cambria salient, has collapsed.
Dispatches from the front today
state that the British look for more
attacks but are confident that the
Germans will not renew their thrusts
in force as they did on Saturday and
Sunday, when waves Of fifteen ranks
Of troops swept against the British po-
sitions between MOeuyres and Vend-
huile.
All Of the main British positions
won in the bold and daring drive
The Washington times., 1917-12-05
ers Reported Captured in Fighting in Region About Cambria
NEW STIMULUS TO
ITALIANS LIKELYAS
RESULT OF MESSAGE
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.

Continued on Page =, Column ~
settlement based on equity and JUS
tice, an influence that will be more
potent in Rome now than IL America
had stood aloof from Italy In her
hour OF distress-these are the rea-
sons which appear to have brought
Mr.. Wilson to his decision to make
war on Austria.
Action Was Individual
Colonel House doubt gave him the
Information on which he based his
Judgment But in every sense OF the
word the act was indivIdual-Mr. Will
son alone took this great step.
The remarkable thing Is that the
President without submitting his mes
sage to a single adviser Appropriated
% well the wishes OF the country. So
great indeed Is the confidence in him
here that eve nthough he gave only
vague reasons for wanting a declara-
ton Of war against Austria, IeEisla-
tors were prepared to accept his JudE-
ment as based on absolute necessity and
reasons which II would be indicate or
lmpolitic for him to discuss
The fact Is that throughout Austria
Hungary, German troops are scat
tered German officers command
Austrian regiments. The Vienna gov.
eminent Is managed from Berlin.
Austria Is indebted to an IncaleulabIe
extent financially to Germany. The
dual monarchy has become a vassaI
state Wherever the German general
stan orders her armies there must
they go. They may be on the Italian
front NINTH nr
can forces on the French front the
next month.
Many Acts Of War.
Acts of war aplenty have been
committed by Austrian submarines
against American citizens and Amer
lean property on the high seas. Only
the patience Of the United States and
reasons of state which have not yet
been revealed caused this country not
to take the same step against Austria
that was taken in April against Ger
many.
But it is for the moral effect OF the
Presidents action that eyes are now
turned to Europe To the Austrians
and Hungerians, Mr.. Wilson has out
lined condemnation OF the mIlitar-
ism that led them into the war, has
declared an unrelenting purpose to
crush that milItarism by making war
against the two principal members Of
the Teutonic alliance. but he holds
out also the fundamentals OF a Just
and equitable peace as a temptation
to them to cast OF their present rulers
and system and be welcomed again in
the family OF nations.
New Britain herald., 1917-11-28
Not a Bite of
 Breakfast Until
 You Drink Water says o'ass'% q hot water and " phosphate prevent. illness J.
 and keeps us fit.

Just as coal, when 1t burns leaves behind a certain amount of incOm- bustible material in the form of ashes, so the food and drink taken day after day leaves in the alimentary canal certain amount of indigestible ma terial. which if not completely elim- mated from the system each day, be- comes food for the millions of bac- teria which infest tho bowels. From this mass of leftover waste, toxins and ptomain-like poisons are formed and sucked into the blood.
 Men and women who can't get feel Ing right must begin to take inside baths. Before eating breakfast each morning drink a glass of real hot water with a teaspoonful of lime stone phosphate in it to wash out of the thirty feet of bowels the previous days accumulation of potsons and toxins and to keep the entire alimen- tary canal clean, pure and fresh
 Those who are subject to sick head sche, colds. biliousness, / constipation, others who wake up with bad taste foul breath, backache, rheumatic stiff ness, or have a sour. gassy stomach after meals, are urged to get a quarter pound of limestone phosphate from the drug store, and begin practicing internal sanitation. This will cost very little, but is sufficient to make anyone an enthusiast on the subject.
 Remember inside bathing is more important than outside bathing, be- cause the skin pores do not absorb impurities into the blood, causing poor health, while the bowel pores do. Just as soap and hot water cleanses, UWeetens and freshens the skin, so not water and limestone phosphate act on the stomach liver, kidneys and bowels
New Britain herald., 1917-11-28
How It Happened That Lillian Said ''DOn't Betray Any Emotion;
 Thcro They Are.''

When Lillian Underwood had been lost to sight inside the rather dis reputable looking apartment building in poor quarter of tho city. before which she had signaHed our taxi to stop. Katherine Sonnot and I, who had accompanied her on the mys- terious expedition. ventured to look at each other questionably for the first time since Lillian had led us through the secret passage from her library to the next house.
 We had obeycd her injunction laid upon Us to keep our eyes open, our lips closed and our faces like poker players" But wc were alone in the toxi. the driver couldn't possibly hear our low tones, and it was not in fem mine human naturo to keep from speculation as to the nature of the bizarre things we had witnessed.
 Were you ever so thrilled in your lie before, Madge?" Katherine asked. Y feel as If l wore living a movie 3,elodrama serial What do you sup peso 1t all means? Of course Lillian must be doing sone important secret work for the government. I've read
New Britain herald., 1917-11-28
All! BACKACHE GONE!
 RUE LUMBAGO AWAY
Rub Pain from Back With Small Trial Bottle of Old
 ''St. Jacobs OIL
A r.! Tain is gone!

Quickly Yes. Almost instant re- lief from soreness. stiffness, lameness and pain follows gentle rubbing with "St. Jacobs Oil"
 Rub tEis soothing, penetrating oil right on your painful back. and like n;Rjc, relief comes "St. Jacobs Oil' IS harmless backache, lumbago and Eciatica cure which never disappoints and doesn't burn the skin.
 Straighten up! Quit complaining! Stop those tortuous stitches" In a moment you will forget that you ever had weak back. because it won't hurt or be stiff or lame. Don't suffer! Get a small trial bottle of old. honest "St. Jacobs Oil" from your druggist now and get this lasting relief.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17

than docs the two-cycle.
,,,n,n /, has q swt,chboard with. yoli
, ,,,n a storage battery SO as to have
nIm's Ia the saraEe when the dynamo Is
trom Tie ds "a "" il e" 30. what Sassery
son% S1 9 Yin e Fs' a% ss sy"s ."S
s :r, 8 volts IS ohms and ~ amps.
A. !, VIII be entirely pras.ica, and com ON,
NM. however. require about a twenty-eell
E Sas l Ss s Ssn soasht ,se
We mn batter you c S0uld also connect hsSs
lights for a very shor time after the dyna-
mo has beer stopped. AS nine amperes Is
direct to the battery. connecting the posi-
isry. connecting the positive wire Of the
and negative ns POSITIVE 70 az tho H Ss
ever. il the dynamo /. an alternating.
Fss of Gsvus to
We cannot tecomrnend any particular make
S% 'fSSIs copy Such n
as the Electrical World" you viii nnd
the advertisers Viii bring you price and
lamentations.
given me good satisfaction. but lately when
H., s,aE; ,a up or when h give it sas. there Is
suggest VIA, could be the ',roubie2 ~ Wv
a. Am inclined to think tina, one or more
OF the bushinEs and pins of your universal
joint worn.
.. When | brake my car there {. had
squeak. and do not think the brakes hold
we'll they should. The brake lining
liz almost new and in good condition. Can
YOU advise mo ~ha. the cause OF the squeak
is? 4. -. e.
4. II the applying OF the brake does not
cause bolt. nut rod to come against
some moving part. the squeak will probably
be due 10 ono or more OF the facing rivsts
not being counter-sunk enough. Hammer
Ing .lown the rtyet will he the remedy.
Some brake Innings will squeak slightly
when the outer material has been worn on
This squeak will usually disappear in time
.. When ] steer to the
steering wheel sometimes sticks and there
Is click. This docs not ALWAYS bappen
and never happens when steering 70 the
left. What Is the cause? 1t is 1914
a. some part OF your steering mechanism
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

t.. iit you have any problem or wish any
h a.d a,c2 rh yeo ~ E
"F che 1 n S nn sn
Iasg s7 by rteG 1s C gHsrr Na
shafl dtxe ns no. b,cS fnan or win
faster: 40. :. please explain the advan-
same amount Of gas and oil two.cyclo
h has, erstns' 50 1 which is nc
Ssfn IS or heao any
J n,.,,n. in ION ensine for pulling Or a
oG r. ca ssht a" d,sr
disadvantages and Advantages OF each,
choose t" ssss9 ana ps es;s
drive. The chain drive has tho great fault
ar,y the danger Of inks INK preastns Of
requires skin in adjusting its. neesssasy
Tear nxlc. and i has also been founh tha,
n" %i'. and T5 "%' ta 9n 70 tIes sc
r9gT usuiG Witch n xa is hsn-sgsed engine.
s smo"Gt Of ssS and oil Than VII the sam.
question. in regard % the ono -cyiindeF tw %"
depends n,roy upon The DuPpose for nis
,he engine !, evI is used the eonhiions uner
signed .wc;cycle one:cyiinder engine viii
pull as well AZ the same sizc two-cylinder
four -cyclc .cnsine. this being entirely a
! . this; too VIII be determined by the de-
sign ~ tho engine and its cooling syste m
" ANYTHING. tho four-cyclc will tend to heat
the quicker. The two-cyrie engine is an
excellent engine for heavy loads at low
and practically uniform speeds Its alb.
sencc OF valves and simplicity make il
or in the hands OF the nonmcchanicaI. The
four cycle is highspec also varia HE :
! speed engine. As a rule IL is more economi
cal than the tuo-cyclc. 1t is however
NOR" complicated and requires more care
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17

crowbar? What they do Is shown in
Fig. !. Here the point \ is tho ground.
IL tho distance Il is ten times as great
as the distance &. man, by cXcrting
"a pressure OF 100 pounds "a, D. can
exert pressure Of 1000 pounds a l..
Let US now assume that \ is the
center and /; the circumference Of the
propeller shaft OF the automobile, and
that - is on. the circumference of
gear X fastened to this shaft, as shown
IN Fig. .. If it takes pressure Of
1000 pounds OH the circumference Of
tho shaft at r TO drive the car up tho
stccpcst grade, then by driving the
gear IS. by tho gear T.. and making tho
engine OF such a size, that pressure
Of 100 pounds is eXcr,cd by the gear
r. on tho gear I3. the car will be driven
UP the stccpcst grade.
The room for tho transmission o. tho
automobile is necessarily limited. and
" the single gear. shown wcrc
used, il would take up more room than
can he allowed for II. So the designer
must LOOK about for some way Of
using gears which Will take UP less
room and yet give tho required lever
age. Tho natural solution Is TO have
sets Of gears, one set, say. to give a
leverage az 3. the other OF 8 3, giving
"A total leverage of l2 times 3. or 10
Let US. therefore. make the gear r
smaller in diameter. say only US
times that OF the shaft e and then let
us convert l. into gear. Then let
US move the shaft connected TO tho
propeller shaft to the position shown
by II. Fig. 3. BY now placing "A gear
J, having a diameter three times that
OF the shaft II. and driving this gear
by the gear +, wc will have two sets Of
small gears, one giving leverage of
) TO | and the other of IL to !, or
:. total Of 10.
Thus If Loo pounds is required at
the circumference of II. only 333 l-3
pounds Will be required at *. tho
circumference Of the gear J, and as
the gear Il. is 3l-3 the diameter of
the gear L, it will have a leverage Of
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17

traffic and for starting. II will not do
FOX the average car speeds. and as
the car is travelling ut this average
speed for about 30 per cent OF the
time. ii will not do for 90 per cent
Of the time. SO one set Of gears as
shown will not be enough. and there
must be additional sets In the trans
mission. one for the level running. one
for steep hills and generally still
another for medium hills: or. In other
words. a first speed. OF high leverage.
and great engine speed; second OF
"a lesser leverage and lesser engine
speed. and third for the Lowell run
ming. These sets of gears must also
be arranged SO that the operator can
choose the one which he desires to
use.
How these different sets of gears
are combined. and how the driving Of
the car backward is accomplished, will
be explained In the next lesson. Read
crs are advised to save this article.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17

. l-3 to /. and only 100 pounds will
be required at the point l.. which il
tho pressure required from the engine
as before.
Having the gears placed AS shown
means three shafts and three sets OF
gears II and i on tho same center.
one set Of these bearings. and CON
siderable room. can be saved. In Figure
: have shown "a view from the top
OF the Transmission as developed so far.
with gears J and + on tho same center
As the gears Il and Il are on the
same center and rcvolve at the same
speed they arc both fastened to the
same shaft. and J.. however re-
Ho!vc AT different speeds. and so their
shafts must he separate. In order TO
save hearing bracket. however tho
gear + is made hollow and is attached
TO tube, or sleeve. tho end OF tho
shaft being inserted into il, so that
the bearings Of + also acts as one OF
tho bearings of j. This is shown by
cutting away some Of the gear T.
What Happens When Car Starts.
Consider for moment what hap
pens when the car is started into mo-
ton from "a Standstill. At first the
speed is zero. then it is infinitely small
and gradually increases. Now there is
minimum speed at which the gas
engine viii run without stalling. So
in addition TO giving the engine a
leverage for hill climbing and for
starting. an arrangement must also be
made which Will permit the engine II
rcrolvc many times faster than tho
rear wheels. This is not only true
when starting tho car. but also in
traffic. AS there are times when the
car must move at so slow a speed that
the rear wheels will mako but three
or four revolutions in "A minute, speed
far too slow for the engine.
Fortunately, gear. in addition to
giving leverage. Will also give a
change in speed. BY referring to
Figure ] sou will note that for one inch
OF movement of the point T. there
must be ten inches OF movement of
the point ID. From this you can see
how the gear T. Figure >. If il were the
same diameter as the shaft II, would
have to make ten revolutions to one
for II.
While this speed ratio is good In
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17
S|MPL|F|ED LESSONS ON
PROPER CARE Of AUTOS
Purpose and Principle OF transmits.
sion Explained. by Times.Dis-
patch Auto Expert.
SMALLER ENGINE CAN BE USED
Numerous Questions ON Chain and
Shaft Drive, One and Four-Cylin.
der Engines and Other Queries
Are Answered in This Issue.
LESSON NO. 49,
The Purpose md Principle of the
TransmissiOn.
Copyright 1917 by Frederick e. Guerr-
lich.)

Copyright 1917 by Frederick c. Guerr-
lich)
When the designer OF an automo-
bile has to decide upon the size Of
the engine. he must consider what the
engine must do. Let us briefly look
into this
When the car is driven along level
road. the engine must overcome the
friction Of the bearings In tho car, and
the resistance OF the wind. For this
purpose AN engine Of a certain bore and
turning power and which will give "a
certain minimum speed will suit.
When the car is ascending Il hill.
the engine will have to overcome the
friction and wind resistance as before.
but. also. it Will have 10 lift tho car
from the lower TO the higher level.
So an engine OF much larger turning
power. and. therefore. bore. viii be
necessary than for running Oh the level
Have you ever watched mon. push
ing an auto, wagon, about? 1t
may require tho fun strength of three
mon TO start it moving. but az soon
as il is In motion. ono man will let
GO. and when the car has some speed
the second man viii let go and the
third will be able to keep tho car in
motion with comparatively little Of
fort. Thus. moro powerful engine
will be necessary for starting the car.
than for keeping II going.
So we find that a much greater turn
ing power is required from the en-.
CINE. when the car is climbing a hill
or when it is being started into mo-
ton.
hills and start into motion. but 90
per cent OF the time it IS travelling
on the level. This means that II tho
engine ls built large enough to climb
tho hills. for 40 per cent or the time.
an excess weight OF engine Will have
TO be carried with tho extra cost Of
fuel. etc. which would result there
from.
:. good designer viii try 10 find
some way Of using the smaller engine
and adding some device which will
enable tho engine 10 also take care
OF the hill climbing and starting into
motion. Placing set Of levers be-
tween the engine and the rear wheels
will accomplish this. AS a system. or
train or gears. is system OF levers
the problem will be solved b. plac-
ing sets OF gears between the engine
and rear wheels. or, in other words.
having the power Of the engine trans
mi,tcd TO the rear wheels by them
Thus We have transmits siou
How tears Act n> levers
Let us sec how tho gears act as
levers
IIave you ever watched safe-movcrs
move heavy safe by the use OF a
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17

is undoubtedly hitting against some other
part OF The car. Upon examining "A OF
your make. I saw that tho top OF tho
steering arm comes quite .loSe to the spring
az the catch which holds down the hood.
Perhaps this Is hitting In your case
-. bad odor comes from nay car. II
also smokes lot. The smoke is black.
y. Your mixture Is too rich.
universal demountable ritns. I have great
trouble getting the rims OF and on when
nave puncture. Ia there ANYTHING I
can DO to make the change easier?
C. F.. c.
y. In nine out OF ten times when de-
mountHbie rim Is hard to get on or remove
the csuse Is tina, II has rustcd. and that
dirt has gotten into the hole In which the
do~ei OF the rim hts n. when making u
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-06-17

change. you will scrape of all rust and
clean the dirt out Of all holes you will
md the rim will 20 on commemorative ssay
The valve stem also often causes trouble
IN putting on rims. Sometimes the stem In
not ventered in it's hole In tho rim when
INC tubc Is put In. and so will prevent TIE
uowel hitting into Us hole. LETTING. out
some OF the air vii, help In this case ~
The Washington times., 1917-10-16
NIGHT SCHOOLS OPEN
FOR ALIENS IN D. C.

Germans, Austrians, Bulgarians and
Turks may study in Washington
night schools, 1t was announced today
by District school officials.
All aliens are invited to attend the
Thomson night school, Twelfth and L
streets, which opened last night for
the express purpose of teaching for
eigners in Washington to speak
English. Citizenship. however, will
be the chief subject taught
Officials are today planning for
seven or eight classes in English and
classes in history, penmanship and
typewriting at the Thomson school.
The Jefferson school will have one
class for foreigners.
The plan OF instruction will follow
in some respects what Is known as
the steamer" classes OF Boston,
where foreigners are taught English
by object methods and conversation,
as soon as they land efrom the
steamers.
Four hundred letters were sent ont
today to foreigners here, notifying
them that the school is open and
free. Foreign registration at the
Thomson school is no as heavy as Il
was last year, but school officials
said today that the attendance would
probably surpass last years ENROLL
ment.
The Washington times., 1917-10-16
No Stomach Pain,
Gas, Indigestion
In Five Minutes
~PaPe's Diapepsin" is the best
antacid and stomach regu-
lator known.

Really does" put upset stomachs
IN order-"realIy does" overcome in.
digestion, dyspepsia, gas. heartburn
and Sourness due to acid fermentation
in hve minutes-that-just that
makes Pape's Diapepsin the largest
selling stomach antacid and regulator
in the world. II what you eat fer
ments and turns sour. you beIch gas
and eructate undigested food or wa
ter: head is dizzy and aches: breath
foul; tongue coated; your insides hIl-
ed with indigestible waste. remember
the moment "Pape's Diapepsin" comes
iE contact with the stomach all such
distress vanishes. It's truly astonish-
ing-almost marvellous, and the Joy
Is its harmlessness.
A large hfty-cent case Of Pape's
Diapepsin Is worth its weight in gold
TO men and women who can't get
their stomachs regulated. 1t belongs
in your home-should always be kept
handy in case OF a sick, sour, upset
stomach during the day or at night
It's the quickest, surest antacid for
the stomach In the world-Advt-