davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22

3 and. s Of No., 1913 Of the Acts Of 1915.
relating to the prevention of venereal
diseases and to authorize an education
al campaign by the State board Of
health. 49,.
H. 1s7---An act to provide for repairs
and alterations to the courthouse in
Windsor county. .
H.. 198---An act to amend paragraph
B Of No. 4 of the Acts OF 1915. pro-
viding for PRIMARY elections.
H. 24S-An act to protect certain
game birds on Joe's pond.
II. 266--An act to amend sections
1882, 4.ses. 1896 1886 and 4.ee7 Of the
Public Statutes as amended by No. 121
of the Acts OF 1908, relating to trade
marks.
H. 2s9-An act to amend and repeal
certain sections of the Public Statutes
relating to the collection of taxes II
unorganized towns ana cores.
II. 2s7--An act TO amend section 4.51'
of the Public Statutes as amended BY
section of No. IA OF the Acts of 1918
relating to lettering in railroad station,
and telephone offices.
+ H. 307--An act to ena BILE the proprf
4 etors and pew owners Of the Methods
EPISCOPAL Church in Chelsea TO MAKE
repairs to said church and remove ant
rearrange pews therein.
II. 312-An act to change the nam
of Leach pond to Forest lake
. H. Si9--An act to provide for warnin,
signs at drawbridges.
II. 35-An act to amend paragraph c o
section 81 Of No. 2o1 Of the Acts Of 1e1.
, relating to the codihcation and amend
ment Of the fish and game laws: permit
ting fishing in Lake Dunmore.
40 Ho~ 10 sesH
Of duplicate fishing and hunting license.
II. Gan act to amend section IA Of tn
Public Statutes ais amended by sectio
Is of No. 90 Of the Acts OF 1910. relating I
taxation Of deposits in savings banks an
trust companies.
H. n--An act granting to Roy G. Roci
well and Barney y. Lewis q ferry acros
Lake Champlain between Alburg an
Swanton.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22
THE SUGAR INDUSTRY.
Gfanulated Form Unknown n Century
Ago-Early Rehneries.
(rrom the Indianapolis News)

Ag0-Early Refnefies.
(From. the Indianapolis News)
GRADUATED. sugar such as 10 used now
adays by nearly every one was unknown
a hundred years ago. In colonial days.
sugar was sold In the loaf. lump or piece,
and the consumer broke 1t up to suit his
needs. 1t was a luxury. and many people
used coarse substitutes, according to .
history Of the sugar industry In this
country, as prepared by Joseph e. Free
man, secretary Of tho American Sugar
Refining Company. White sugar IN
loaves was. however. manufactured on
limited scale long before the settlement
OF the American colonies Soon after the
Dutch settled on Manhattan Island. .
sugar refinery was built in Liberty street.
and continued in operation for more than
q century and half. On Aug. II. $780, the
New York Gazette contained the follow
ing advertisement:
! Publick Notice IL hereby given that
Nicholas Bayard of the City of New York
has erected a Refining House for Refining
all sorts of Sugar and Sugar-Candy. and
has procured from Europe an experienced
artist in that Mystery. At which Refining
House all Persons in City and Country
may be supplied by Wholesale and Re-
tale with both double and single Refined
Loaf.Sugar as also Powder and Shop
sugars ana ousaT-Sdnuy, ~ 1scdoohnc'o
Rates.
i As evidence of how the industry has
grown within the last century. it is stated
that In 1916. less than 100000 pounds OF
sugar were refined In New York. Today
one Of several large refneries In New
York turns out more than 100000 pounds
evcry forty.eight hours. Sugar refining
has never been profitable in the interior
of the country. for 1t has been found that
a seaboard waterfront gives the coast
cities an advantage over inland cities in
the price Of raw material However. in
1893 the secretary OF the treasury issued
a report on the sugar refining business In
this country, In which he mentioned re-
finery in Cincinnati. and made the foi-
lowing observation:
II Is thought that the consumption OF
loaf or refined sugar will not in the West
keep pace with the progress OF popula-
: ton, because Of the cheapness OF conee.
which to a considerable extent is takins
: the place Of tea. as we'll as OF ardent
spirits: and in coffee brown sugar Is gen.
orally preferred Still, much refined sug-
ar 10 used to qualify whiskey. which un-
happily continues to be used In the West
by certain classes of persons.
His prediction was wrong respecting
the consumption of sugar in the West but
he did foresee the passing of western re-
p. .fineries.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22
FIRST WOOD PULP.
Early Problems Solved at Interlakens
Mass, 50 Years Ago.

Early Problems Solved -at Interlal<ens
Mass. 50 Years Ago.
This month is of peculiar interest. for
fifty years ago the first ground wood pulp
was made.
Up to that time paper was made ex-
clusively of rags. naturally limiting the
amount produced. but with the success
full conversion Of wood into fibre suit
able for print paper the timber resources
of this continent became the limitless
reservoir of raw material for future de-
mand.
The wood pulp fibre also solved an
other difficulty for the printer. for there
tofore the speed of printing presses was
limited, caused by the slow drying OF
the inks on paper of rags. while the trade
soon discovered that paper made Of
ground wood had excellent absorbing and
drying qualities. and soon thereafter tho
printing press manufacturers were putting
their minds to work to develop the high
speed press.
The idea Of making paper from wood
originated in Germany in the early TO-
ties with Gottifried Keller tradition hav.
ing 1t that he In turn received his inspir-
alton from wasps' nest
It was not until 1866 that the possibiil-
ties OF this invention In this country were
recognized. when Albrecht and Rudolf
Pagenstecher induced their cousin, Alber-
to Pagenstecher. to build a mill In this
country. and financed the purchase of
machinery and the building Of a mill. The
mill was built and on March 8. 1887 the
frat ground wood pulp was produced.
| Then another difficulty arose. the SELL
ing OF tho product. Paper manufacturers
were either strongly opposed 10 or OK.
tremely pessisimistic of the paper-naking
| qualities OF wood fibre. When one large
manufacturer was approached he ,curtly
answered. ''Sir. we don't use shoddy."
Finally. however, Wellington Smith.
who owned a mill near Curtisville, at
Ice. agreed to buy a lot as an expert
ment. and to wellington Smith il due
the credit Of having made the first paper
out OF wood pulp.
7 This pulp was invoiced at eight cents
a pound. while the normal price to-day
I of pulp IL under one cent per pound and
news print paper, then selling at "A
cents a pound. was later reduced to two
cents
1t Is remarkable that in the fifty inter-
vsning years no substantial change IN
the manufacture Of sround wood pulp has
been made. although the Improvement
In details Of the grinder has naturally
Increased efficiency and production.
Once the practicabiiity OF this new
fibre had been demonstrated. the indus.
try developed by leaps and bounds
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22
BRIEF SESSIONS MONDAY
House Committee Introduces Another
Dog Bill 10 Encourage Sheep
Raisers.

Montpelier, March 1aLThe Senate at q
brief session this evening passed the
House bill reorganizing the State board
of health and imposing upon It the duties
of supervisors Of the insane and voted to
insist upon It's proposed amendments to
the Dunham marriage bill which the
House had refused to concur In. A con-
ference committee will be appointed.
A NEW DOG BILL.
Despite tho fate Of the two dog bills
which were SO summarily disposed of by
the house last week. tho general commit
too introduced n third measure this after
noon with the encouragement of the sheep
raiser as it's object The bill, which very
strongly resembles one presented to tho
committee by Mr.. Day Of Ira, provides
that the proceeds from dog licenses and
fines shall 60 to the State, and that the
State shall pay for all damage done by
dogs to sheep anywhere In the State. At
the end Of the year. unexpended moneys
are to be.returned to- the towns In proper
tion to the moneys received.
- LAMoILI.E BRIDGE MEASURE.
There were 14s members In the House
this afternoon. but the bill relating to the
care and control Of the bridge across the
Lamoille river in the westerly part of the
towns Of Colchester and Milton. which
was held up Saturday morning by lack
Of a quorum. is no further advanced this
evening. On motion Of Mr., O'6ullivan OF
Colchester, the measure was made spe'
cial order for Wednesday afternoon.
Another special order for tho week
is the Senate bill introduced by Sena.
tor Wheeler Of Chittenden county
which appropriates fifty thousand dol.
lars annually from the ''maintenanct
fund" for the repair and maintenance
of unsolicited highways. The measure
was laid over until Thursday after
noon.
BILLS PASSED IN HOUSE.
The House passed the bill permitting
foreign corporations to act as execu
itors and trustees within tho state, an,
the measure permitting, domestic in
surance companies to withdraw de
posits with the approval Of tho Stat
treasurer The act providing that In
sane persons with estates loss thai
i, three hundred dollars shall be care
, for at the expense Of the State wa
!, also passed.
LABOR BILL RECOMMITTED.
. The act regulating disputes betwee
r employer and employee by referrin
t the controversy to the public servic
Q commission and making II unlawful I
call n strike until sixty days after tn
report of that body concerning til
trouble has been made public. was re
> committed to the commerce and labc
= committee. who had reported II IA,
: orably.
= The bill to amend the act creatin
. county road supervisors Of highway
approved March 2. 1917. making II 81
fective on passage, was ordered to
D. third reading.
q FIXES DEER SEASON.
: The fish and game committee Introduce
bill fixing the open season on deer frol
November Is to %. from 100 a. m. I
500 p. m.'
70 An act providing that orders drawn /
town road commissioner payable
q himself must be approved by one Of II
u selectmen, was introduced by the con
u mittee on municipal corporations.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22
ALL IS WELL IN
RAILROAD WORLD
Roads and Employees Agree and
Adams0n Law Is Declared
Constitutional.
PRACTICAL PATRIOTISM.
Railroads Yield and Brotherhoods DO
Not Get Everythins They Asked Fer
Year Ago, but All Satisfied.

New York, March 19.-with the nation
wide railroad strike averted and tho
Adamson act declared constitutional, the
bitter controversy which has ragged be-
tween the railroads and their employees
for nearly year over the question of
hours and wages to-day passed into his
tory.
Appealed to by the Presidents media
tors to yield on the grounds Of patriotism
to the demands of the employees. the
railroads just before daybreak to-day con-
scented to an agreement whereby the
employees receive the eight-hour basic
work-day and pro rata pay for over time.
the same as that provided by the Adam
son law. Several hours later the United
States Supreme Court upheld the consti-
nationality of the Adamson act, and what
the brotherhoods had already obtained by
their threat to call a nationwide strike
at seven o'clock tonight, the supreme
court legally assured to them by its dc.
cree.
MILLIONS IN BACK PAY.
All that remains ia to decide how
to. inasmuch as the agreement signed b,
both sides and the Adamson law pro
vido that the operation Of the new wag,
and hour schedule shall be retroactive
beginning january 1. The brotherhood
and the railroad managers will get to
gether on this matter tomorrow 20 de
eide how 1t will be computed. 1t Il
roughly estimated the employees have be
tween 81, 100000 and $4,000, 900 coming t
them.
The brotherhood chiefs were In happ
mood to-day as they despatched thei
code kilograms calling off the strike
They had not won all they had aske
from the railroads when they first pre-
scented their demands on March 80, 1911,
having lost the time and half for over
thine work. but they had secured wha
they agreed to take last August whe
they accepted the Adamson laws pre-
visions and which the railroads tough
In the courts.
w. G. Lee, spokesman for the brother
hoods. made It plain to-day that he locke
for peace in the railroad world for a Ion
time.
Franklin X. Lane, secretary of the IL
! terror; William B. Wilson. secretary {
labor; Daniel Willard and Samuel Conn
ers, the mediators Of the council of nj
tional defense, who brought the contr,
vcrysy to an end after Is hours Of ince
SAINT effort. returned to Washington t,
day. Mr.. Lane, In a statement express
ing tho satisfaction of his committee ov'
r the outcome. praised the railroad mai
ayers "for their high sense Of obligatic
and their unwillingness to permit any en-
barrassment to the country at this tin
Of extreme strain"
a. THE SPEECH THAT WON.
Sunday morning the task of Il
q Presidents mediators Nad narrow,
8 down largely to an effort to get
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22
BROTHERHOODS WIN
FIGHT; STRIKE WILL
NOT TAKE PLACE

New York. March 19.--An official of the
conference committee of railroad mana
gers announced at 1915 o'clock that the
railroad strike. was off. ., 600
A.. few minutes after the announcement
was made the railroad MANAGERS went
from the Grand Central terminal to the
conference hotel and were Joined tmmedi-
ately by the mcdiators. They refused to
mako any statement on the way to the
meeting room.
1t was presumed the announcement
would DO made through Secretary Lane.
The mediators and managers were
believed to be awaiting the arrival Of
the brotherhood chiefs, who had re-
tired. before making the announce
ment that the strike had been averted
The managers left the conference
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22

room at two O'Clock but tho brother
hood chiefs remained In conference
with tho mediators. 1t was learned
that Daniel willard. one Of the media
tors. had informed tho hotel manage
ment that he would give up his rooms
this morning.
The managers headed by Elisha Lee
returned to the conference room at 2:2'
and Secretary Lane sent for the news
paper men.
Secretary Lane issued this statement:
Regardless Of the decision Of the Su
preme Court on tho Adamson law. thu
basic eight-hour day will go into effect"
1.-THE details are being worked upon b!
a joint committee which will have IL
negotiations completed by noon," Mr.
Lane said.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22
Burned in Experiments.

/, Brandon. March a0,-While Charles Niles
and Floyd Brown were experimenting IN
making gun powder In the laboratory at
the local high school yesterday the In
gradients with which they were working
exploded. Both boys were slightly burned.
but not seriously hurt.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22

FREE PRESS WANT Ans. PAY DuszI
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22
SPELLING REFORM.

At the age OF 10 Alice Jones wrought
poetic changes In her name. She signed
herself Il. .Alysse Jones. Thus designated
she entered new school. The head mis-
tress asked her name. s"Ajysse sJenes,' .
she replied. "A-l;y-s-s-e." "ThRuic you."
said the teacher. '.And, how are you
spelling Jones now ?"--Ar~onaut. :,
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-03-22


DISSENTING OPINIONS.
The dissenting opinions--Justices Day
and McBeynolds delivering individual
Views and Justices Pitney and Vandevnn.
ter Joining in one announcement---var-
iously asserted that the Adamson act
Is void because beyond constitutional
powers Of Congress, because IL takes
railroads property without due process
of law, or because 1t is not an hours OF
labor statute nor legitimate regula-
ton Of commerce.
Justices Pitney and Vandevanter de.
MED that Congress has power to fix
wages Of common carriers employees
u power upheld by the majority. JUS
tice Day did not admit or deny such
power, dissenting because. he said, the
law Illegally takes railroad revenues
and gives them to the trainmen by AR
bitrary, illegal congressional fiat"
In upholding the statute. the major
ity reversed federal Judge Hooks de-
cree enjoining enforcement. ana ais
missed the railroads' test suit. leaving
the federal government free to enforce
, the statute under its stringent penal
ties. Dismissal of ABOUT 500 othei
railroad injunction suits pressing Of
, which was suspended under sgreemen
, between the government and tho ROADS
, will follow as a matter OF course "
The temporary wage increases are u
fect,ye under the law until the Goethaa
. commission reports. while the futur'
r wage scales under permanent eight-hou
: day standard will await either private O.
Q congressional action after the report.
3 That the railroads will ask eithe
{ Congress- or the Interstate commerce
, commission to authorize rate increases Z
/, meet tho increased wage costs .entaiie'
( has been plainly indicated through al
a stages of the controversy, am. -snwi Ell
Attorney General Gregory to.piGht eaI
| the courts findings was naturally gratify
ling to tho government.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30
BIG BLOWOUT GIVEN
 G0MPERS NEW YORK CITY

NEW YORK, Jan. 29.-One thousand labor leaders assembled from all parts of the country here to give Samuel Gompers the great est ovation in his career. The oc- casion of the celebration was the mans seventy-seventh birthday and banquet was provided for the la borites at which Gompers was the guest of honor. The reunion was attended by leaders from almost every state and every union and Gompers at the dinner made a spech thanking the members of or ganized labor for the confidence that they had reposed in him for fifty years service in the ranks of orga-
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30
ANTlM0NY MINERS SAYS
 ORE IS GETTING PRIMER

SEATTLE, Jan. 29.-Martin Strand returned from San Fran cisco today where he has been a view of effecting the sale of his ore from the Hed-Strand mine. He says that the New York market is higher but freights in the Seward Peninsula are too high to admit of profitable operation of his mine as sixteen and seventeen cents a pound and antimony is a dollar unit for fifty per cent ore. Strand says that thirty tons of sixty per cent
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30
M00NEYTRIAL, DRAWS CROW
WILSON vET0ES THE
 IMMIGRATION BILL

WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 29.- For a second time by him Presi- dent Wilson again vetoed the Im
 stated that the literacy test pro- yided radical and unjustifable change in the national policy. This statement is important as it pre- sents the attitude of the President to the bill as entirely different to what it was on former occasions. Then he vetoed the bill because of clauses which therein practically destroyed the right of asylum to po- lical refugees. The changed atti-
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

niZed labor.
 Gompers in his speech which was a notable one and which was deliver ed with unusual effect urged labor to support all peace policies, any thing that would end the terrible war which was killing so many. He said that although organized labor preferred peaceful adjustment of it's troubles and difficulties, it stood with shoulders squared and defiant at all times.
 Labor was always determined
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 29.-This trial saw Bourke Cochran give witness Oxman a grilling on the witness stand when the man was being cross examined. The state witness was subjected to a severe examination and wilted under the fire of questions which were put to him. It was when the confusion of the witness was at it's height the state interjected the statement that Oxman's story would be fully sub- stantiated by another witness to be called immediately after the man Ox- man had finished testifying. Owing
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

Fairbanks ore were recently sold for a dollar and half the best price quoted for some time.
 He states that c. S. Delamotte who was stricken with paralysis while working on Oregon creek at the beginning of last summer is getting much better and was leaving for the Hot Springs when Strand was leaving San Francisco.
 Strand also states that he met Phil Corrigan who was in San Fran cisco at the time of his leaving, but Corrigan was then making ready to leave for Juneau where he will con-
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

This testimony is considered the most valuable which the prosecution has so far introduced in the trial and the woman gave her evidence in cool manner and as one familiar with al the matters sworn to. In- terest in the trial is increasing and the desire to watch the female wit ness under cross examination will probably fill the court house. The most peculiar feature of the trial is that it is taking an entire different line to that which the trial or Billings took.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

test the election and the effort to throw out the Utica vote. He has kept we'll posted on developments and it is understood that he was advised to go to Juneau to watch the count Corrigan stated that he was then making ready to leave the California metropolis for Seattle and thence to go to Juneau at once
 without delay. Corrigan is confident that he will be elected to office from the second division and if the Utica vote is allowed he certainly will
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

It is likely that there will be con- siderable discussion on the Rivers and Harbors bill in the Senate and the likelihood of it passing intact as approved by the house is very remote. Committee hearings on and the Nome Harbor project is among those which are included in the measure for some discussion.
 It will much depend on how the Senators treat this bill what pro- gress Senate bill will make in the house.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

BERLIN, Jan. 29.-Fierce fight ing and wide activity extends along the whole western front following the activity fo the Germans in Yer dun, a sure sign that the French leaders fear that the Germans will break through. The Germans are pressing heavily against the French in the Verdun sector, while the French delivering series of sur prise attacks on Hill BOA were un- able to make any headway.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30

said Gompers, and there must be no faltering. Getting into a per- sonal vein Gompers said that al- though he had been a union man for over fifty years he was leaving his family no fortune, but he could point to better labor conditions as a result of his work, the finest of all legacies.
 President Wilson sent regrets that he was unable to attend the dinner.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30
JUST STARTED FIGHT
 SAYS GILL PLEADING

that he has just begun to fight. He says that if every official is at the mercy of the perjury of crooks whom they punish no one is safe. This was direct slap at the Bill ingsleys.
 Although involved in these boot logging cases, Mayor Gill has the practically unanimous support of the drys who are agreed that Gill and the other higher-ups are being at tackled in order to protect H. Hunt of the Jesse Hunt Liquor Co.
 The case is the sensation of the
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30
HINTS ON COMFORT.

To look we'll you must feel we'll Clothes help you to look we'll, if they are made to order and fit well, repaired well, cleaned we'll and well pressed. Therefore you will feel we'll.
 M. PASCOFF. Ladies and Gents Tailor does it all
 we'll.
 All work guaranteed Cor. Lanes Way and Front Street.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-01-30
PL|NEY FISKE DENIES
 LAWS0N'S BOLD ASSERTION

denied the Lawson assertion that hc controlled M'Adoo. As matter of fact he had little more than a speaking acquaintance with the secretary of the treasury and the only transaction he ever had with M'Adoo in all his life was when the latter attempted to lease portion of his building for a Federal Re- serve bank but they had been un- able to agree upon terms.