The Oskaloosa herald., 1917-02-01

copper cylinder head sasket to prevent
il from leaking?
Heavy steam engine oil, thin white
lead or shellac are the three substances
best suited for setting for copper
cylinder head gaskets and are to be
recommended In the order given. The
oil and white lead, although prevent
ing leakage, do not stick the gasket to
the head so that it will be injured in
removing. #
would like TO know the difference
between advance and retard on q high
tension magnetic, il IL has anything to
do with the magnetic when one advances
the spark or retards il. A friend says
that when the spark 10 advanced il
makes the magnetic stronger. ] say that
the magnetic is the Same with the spark
either retarded or advanced. Which of
us ls correct? a.,
Advancing and retarding spark on
the magnetic simply makes the breaks
on the primary circuit by means of
the circuit breaker sooner or later, as
required. The maximum voltage is
obtained when the armature breaks
away from the pole. When motor is
travelling at high speed it is necessary
TO anticipate the break slightly in or
der to obtain the best results.
IL the primary circuit Is not broken
until the armature has left the pole
weak spark results. Since there Is
more or. less lag, 1t is necessary to
houa m advanced ontinp IN rho cirnujt
breaker in order that the maximum
spark efficiency may be obtained at
the minimum voltage point or at the
time when the armatme breaks away
from the pole Especially Is this de-
s,rable when a motor is travelling at
high speed. ..
In starting a car is Il best to speed up
the motor before letting in the clutch
or open the throttle as the clutch. is
let in?
1t is most advisable to open the
throttle as the clutch is being engaged.
Judgment must be used to accelerate
the motor sufficiently in order to take
care of the load when the clutch is en-
gagged. otherwise the motor will stall.
If the motor is accelerated first and
then the clutch engaged the tendency
will be to start the car with jerk.
viii you please tell me the best meth
cd of cleaning headlight refieeSors?
Headlight refectors can be satisfac-
torily cleaned with, pure soap and
warm water. The refectors should
first be carefully wiped with clean
channels to remove all grit, and a soft
rag should be used to apply the soap
and water The main thing is to keep
sand or grit away from the relectors
when cleaning them, as a scratched
surface will reduce the reflective
power.
Please explain torque, tersion tube
and torsion rod.
Torque Is that which produces or
tends to produce rotation or torsion.
Torsion is the act of twisting a body
by exertion of lateral force tending
to turn one end or part Of 1t about a
longitudinal axis, while the other end
is held fast. This force is created In
the transmission system by the appll-
cation of brakes or OF motor. power,
and to counterfeit it the rear axle must
be fastened in some way to the frame
Of the car.
A torqlle tube is housing for the
drive shaft. which is supported one
end rigidly to the axle and the other
end to the frame In such a manner
that the torsional force Of the rear axle
is checked-that is, the tendency of
the rear axle to rotate in the direction
of wheel rotation is done away with.
Torsion rods are steel bars or shafts
extending from the rear axle, gener-
ally at points directly inside of the
wheel hubs and reaching to single
point on the frame on the center cross
member or to the side bars of the
frame.
Will you please tell me why all four
cylinder engine crank shafts are made
so Shat when Nos. and 4 pistons are on
the up etroke Nos. and 8 pistons are
on the down stroke7 Would il not give
a better center balance to the crank
shaft If when No. 10 ON the up stroke
No. 4 would be on the down stroke and
No. on the up stroke? know that
No. I and No. 2 pistons balance one an
other, so do 8 and q, but Nos. 1 and 2
do not balance Nos. 3 and 4 on the CEN
tor bearing, causing the crank shaft to
whip at the center bearing. have no
doubt but that the engineers have good
reason for p,akina the crank shaft the
way they do. but would like very
much to know what the reason is.
The reason for It is exactly as yeu
describe. 1t Is undoubtedly the best
design to give balance. IL No. 4 We're
on the down stroke with No. on the
up stroke the motor would be out OF
balance from end to end. and this is
compensated by having the outside
and inside pistons work together.
Whip is taken care OF by proper crank
shaft balancing or by use Of center
bearing.
Can you furnish me with q formula
for aluminium castings suitable for mo-
torcar pistons?