davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-03-04

considerable and affirmative response
around parlor pianos some years ago.
But to run and not be scared-there's
an achievement that has taxed the most
brilliant generals in the war in Europe.
1t is only by personally influencing his
own troops that general can keep them
from being frightened in retreat. No
general can logically say to his soldiers:
"You fellows will have to run, but don't
ge, excited; there's no danger They will
believe either one of these statements
made singly, but the two do not go
together.
| have been in the ruck of four retreats
in the Great War. 1t happens that two
of them which partook of the nature of
routs were Austrian, while the two which
We're more orderly were accomplished by
Ally forces.
In the Austrian retreats, the generals
waited too long; they permitted the
danger to become so apparent that the
stupidest soldier in the army could not be
persuaded that it was not time for him to
get away from where he was. In the Ally
retreats mingled with soldiers who either
did not know they were retreating, or who
objected to being called away from their
guns and trenches, not recognizing danger
in the death that confronted them.
Every soldier, every railroad man,
every artilleryman, every wagon-driver
in the great retreat of the Austrians from
Przemysl in November of 1914 knew that
the time had come for him to get himself
away from Przemysl if he could. Com
mander-in-chief Won Hertzendorf was un-
able to keep the danger a secret. 1t was
necessary for him, before giving the word
to retreat, to remove as many as he could
of his sick and wounded from the threat
ened town. For week before the retreat
wounded soldiers were sent out of the city
afoot to find their way, as best they
could, through the Carpathian passes
back to the town of Sanok, fifty miles
away.
l saw these bandaged suffering hum
dreds climbing and slipping in the wet red
clay, taking days to accomplish a journey
that might have been done in two hours
on the railroad The roadside shrines-
little wooden crosses bearing crude figures
of the Christ-attracted them as does a
lighted window benighted traveller, and
some of them who dragged themselves to
and died in the mud. Soldiers who were
well and strong saw these things.
When Soldiers Retreat in Fear
TT is terrifying to soldier to learn that
as soon as he is sick or wounded he will
be discarded and turned out in the open to
care for himself or to die like an animal
The Austrian soldiers figured that Won
Hertzendorf would not permit wounded
soldiers to be treated in this way if he
could avoid it. They estimated that he
was choosing the lesser evil in sending
them out of Przemysl And if this caval-
cade of misery We're the lesser evil, what
might be the greater?
Surely it must be something to be
afraid of.
l saw the Crown Prince of Austria,
now the Emperor, come into Przemysl
one Saturday in an automobile that
skidded dangerously over the wet, mud
Evening star., 1917-03-04

spot where two thousand Serbians were
killed or wounded when my troops took
the city of Monastir from the Turks in the
last Balkan war three years ago. If
Serbian wouldn't be willing to die fighting
wouldn't be drop of fighting blood in his
body, added the Colonel
They were mostly middle-aged men in
the trench. They kept their eyes fixed on
the six-mile valley that spread between
them and Priepe.
"Don't let them come too fast" Colonel
Vassich told them, as he went along the
trench "The best Bulgarian cavalry will
come across that valley. Think, my chill
dren, of being able to stand off the Fourth
Cavalry
He was referring to Prince Cyri's own
regiment, every man of which is said to
be as handsome as a hero in "Graustark.
IL am depending upon you to hold
them, were his parting words.
Some promised verbally to do it; others
his rife.
We passed down behind the hill, and
sat on the ground to eat. During the
meal a band of soldiers came with dozen
oxen, hitched them to a three-inch gun
that stood in field near by, dragged it
from its cellar-like hiding place, and
moved into the roadway, leisurely and
grotesque cavalcade. 1t was all part of
the retreat, the moving of this gun; but
it was done as deliberately as house
moving. For miles along the range of hills
that formed Colonel Vassich's line the
same activity was under way; but no one
was frightened. There was something in
the personality of this thin, pale com
mander-he was ill, and was wrapped in
blanket and huge muffler-that
seemed to suggest to the minds of his sol
diers the nobility of death itself.
They Died for their Army
WHEN the time came to run, two days
later the line of middle-aged men in
the trench beside the monument did not
fall backward; it fell instead, after time,
arthward-wiped out by the Bulgarian
fire. And the remainder of Colonel Vas
sich's army, knowing that the front line
would fight to the finish, moved to safety,
without panic, while the men on the hill
side were dying.
In reality, there are only three kinds
of retreats and / have described them ALL
One is the retreat in which the men see
the danger and run in panic; another is
the retreat in which the men do not see
the danger, but move blindly, under Or
ders; and the third-the Serbian kind
is the retreat in which men, seeing the
danger, but trusting their commander,
turn backward with as much GOODNESS as
they might, in going forward, turn to the
right or the left to avoid an obstacle
Only the great leaders can conduct a
retreat like that.
Evening star., 1917-03-04

the mOrid-od lesson that nothing su,
for,card no hardsl,ips are too great
OF success: get the reputation for pl
the lesson Of retreat. Character com,
an army or a man. This article
in Europe as the correspondent Of
covered cobble-stones of the neglected
streets. AT seven o'clock the next morn
ing he attended mass said for the men
who had been selected to remain in
rounded it. incidentally, four months
later the Russians captured 100000 of
the men who had been the subjects of
those prayers. That mass put the finishing
touches on the alarm that was spreading
through the Austrian forces.
when are we going?" "When do we
get out of here?" "How long is this gen.
eral going to keep us here?" "The
Russians must be getting nearer; their
guns are louder to-day "The Cossacks
are with the Russians. We heard such
remarks on all sides.
When the order to retreat came the
next day, it was a frightened army that
set out unctuously to obey it. Retire"
said the general; and retire we did,
though not very rapidly. Even the rail-
road seemed paralyzed with fear; trains
moved, cow-catcher to caboose, five min
utes at stretch, and then halted for an
hour in wholesale blockade. We trav-
eled nineteen miles in the first twelve
hours. On the wagon road, alongside of
the railway line, thousands of wagons
moved, with the drivers shouting and
beating their tired horses All order and
system broke down.
Before the rout was over, so the coffee
house stories in Vienna had it, two train
loads of wounded men, shunted on a side
track, were forgotten and died without
care. Men perished along the road of
exhaustion.
The second retreat was the departure
of the Austrians from Serbia month
later. Again Won Hertzendorf waited too
long. His army of Serbian invasion, with
an impetus which he did not try to check,
was forcing back the Serbians, who
seemed to make no resistance. | went
along in this forward Austrian rush, riding
in springless, seatless wagon, sleeping in
school-houses or whatever other building
afforded shelter, sharing the belief of the
soldiers around me that Serbia had been
overwhelmed and her army dispersed.
But the Serbians reached the mountains,
where they got new ammunition and
new toe-hold 1t was too late, again, for
Won Hertzendorf to try to persuade the
troops that there was no cause for fear.
Hatless, gunless, wateress, foodless, the
Austrian soldiers, each man for himself,
found their way back to the Save River
and crossed to the shelter of Hungary.
Since these two retreats the German
Austrian forces have, of course, regained
all the ground, and more, that was lost
on those two occasions.
A year later, on "a hill in Bulgaria, near
the town of kostorino, a French soldier,
of the army of General Sarrail, stopped
me as | walked along Il mountain road,
and said:
pardon me. monsieur, but it is so long
since | have seen any man in the COM
Evening star., 1917-03-04
What Happens
When Armies
Retreat
By
WILLIAM G.. SHEPHERD

""AlN'T no disgrace to run when
you are scared, is sentiment,
expressed by one of our famous
cOlOred sOnpSters that fOund n
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
RUSSIA WILL NEVER
 BOW HEAD ID FORCE
Republican A. p. Leased WireJ

PETROGRAD, Saturday, Oct 20- Premier Kerensky on opening the Rus sian preliminary parliament today Ill the Marinsky palace made ringing speech in which he said:
 Russia wants peace by right. but we never will bow our heads to force
 This declaration was warmly ap- plauded by the members of all political factions. His address was largely confined to an explanation of the mili- tary situation and a declaration as to the necessity of saving the country. He said:
 We must fight only to save the country
 The Bolsheril1i left only occasionally applauded.
 Premier Kerensky i'll the course ol his speech paid an enthusiastic tribute to the valor of the Russian sailors, but said he could not say as much for Rus sia's troops on land. M. Avskentieff, chairman of the executive committee of the council of peasants delegates, was elected president of the parliament by majority of 2SS.
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22

Moon sound after an engagement last week with a German squadron in the Gulf of Riga. have left Moon sound and arc sailing in northerly direction, it was officially anncuncea today by the German war office.
 German forces have occupied the island of Schilda. between Moon island and the Esthonia mainland. The Teu- tons who landed on the island of Dago have reached the coast ;,nd have cap turcd several hundrc7 Russians.
 The tatement follow.;:
 Eastern Theater-On the isiand 0f Dago the east coast has been reached by our troops Raidilg detac, nients are reneI tatinS into the interio Up to tilv IrescEt we have taken .s', 'eral huntlr.ns nf prisoners.
 .'The island of Schil6au, winch is situated between Moon island. and the mainland. i as been occupied by us.
 The Russian naval forces have left Moon sound and are sailing in north crly direction. They have abandoned the wreck of the battleship Slava and also four vessels which had run ashore.
 From the Russo Rumanian land front there was nothing of importance to report
 The supplementary statement from general headquarters issued this even ing says:
 In Flanders there was lively artil-
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
SENATOR BUSTING DIES AS RESULT OF
 HUNTING ACCIDENT
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel


 MILWAUKEE, Wis, Oct. 21.-Acci- dentally shot in the back by his broth CT, Gustave, while hunting ducks near ltush Lake, Wis, this morning, United States Senator Paul 0. Husting died at a farm house near the scene of the ac- cident late tonight
 The men were in a boat when the ac- cident occurred and Gustave Husting quickly rowed to shore. On the way Senator Husting was conscious at times, but he lapsed into unconscious ness before the physicians arrived ana remained in a state of coma until the end.
 At his bedside were his three broth CTS, B. A., Gustave and Peter Husting. and three physicians who were hur- Iiedly summoned.
 Under the election laws of Wiscon- sin, Governor Philipp has the power to name a successor to the senator until his successor is selected at a special or general election.
 Paul o. Husting democrat of May vile, Dodge county, Wis, was born at Fond du Lac. Wis, April 25, 1866. He attended the common schools of Fond du Lac and Dodge counties, until his sixteenth year. then worked In a gen. eral store the poStOffice, the railway postal service and then as clerk in the office of secretary of state. He en- tered the University of Wisconsin Tn 1895. passed the state bar examination and commenced the practice of law at Mavville, Wis He was elected district attorney in 1902 and again in 1904; in 1906 was elected state senator from the thirteenth senatorial district and re- elected in 1910: was elected to the United States senate in 1914 to sue ceed Isaac Stephenson.
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
CARL HAYDEN BACK
 IN HIS HOME CITY
 FROM WASHINGTON

Back in Arizona, and glad to be here Carl Hayden, representative in con- sress from this district, arrived in Phoenix last night from Washington. He as accompanied by Mrs. Hayden and they are stopping at the Hotel Adams.
 Representative Hayden did not come direct to Phoenix from the capitol city, however, as he stopped over at Flag staff and went up to the Grand Canyon to inspect the proposed national park there which the government is about to take over. The Haydens also topped at Prescott on Saturday and a. endea the last day of the Northern Arizona Fair.
 Washingon is fast being deserted by congressman said MT. Hayden last night. The session has been a long and a hard one and they are glad to get away. It started on April and in all respects was the greatest one ever held
 T will ne held until theslast week in November.r declared MT. Havdep. the regular session of congress starting on the first Monday in December There Is world of work to do in that ses- sion. The special session was to con- sider war need exclusively, and the reg ular needs of the government were ne elected All that work will have to be cared for at the next session. The spe- cial session laid the foundation for the war, and now it must be carried on. I doubt that the appropriations at this next session will be as large as those during the one just closed"
 This is MT. Haydens first visit in Arizona since March when he was here for three days.
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
MAKING COMPARISON
 IF COST IF FOODS
TPepub!icsn 4. p. Leased Wire1

NEW YORK, Oct 21.-A compari- son of food costs in the principal cities of the United States made public by the health department here tonight shows that he cheapest wholesome dietary for a family of five consisting of man, wife and three children costs s9.s9 a week in Chicago, which is more than any other city in the country. The same standard dietary costs $9.67 a week in New York City; $925 in New Orleans, $9.14 in Boston and S9.13 in San Francisco The average for A cities and towns in the United States was $9.43.
 "The menus provided at these fig ures are not especially tempting" the report says. "A really palatable diet ary will cost approximately 25 per cent more than the price just quoted. A comparison of the prices charged in the different cities shows that both bread and meat are disproportionately high in New York city. If the people are really to economize they must cut down their present excessive consump- tion of meat"
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22

any form but tlie money spen- eon the maintenance of the prisoners and Ill contributions levied the war to be re- turned
 thirteenth: Commercial treaties not to be based on the peace treaty; each country may act independently with respect te it's commercial policy, but all countries to engage to renounce an economic blockade after the war.
 "Fourteenth: The conditions of peace should be settled by a peace congress consisting of delegates elected by the people and confirmed by parliament. Dipiomatists must engage not to con- clude secret treaties, which hereby arc declared contrary to the rights of the people and consequently void.
 Fifteenth: Gradual disarmament by land and sea and the establishment of non military system
 The instruction to M. Skobeioff ends by recommending him to seek to re- move all obstacles to >ne meeting of the Stockholm conference and to se- cure the granting O. passports.
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
lerv activity, and northeast of Solssons
 a Anost intense firing duel.

lery activity, and northeast of SolSsons a knost intense firing duel.
 'Dago island is entirely nour hands.
 sIn Macedonia west of Ochrida Lake an,. .iu. ,iim est uf MonaStlr there were local engagements favorable for us.
 The Belgian port of Ostend, which IS a submarine base of the Germans on the North sea, has been bombarded from the sea, it was stated by the Ger man war office today, houses in the town being damaged.
 On a nine mile front between Vaux- allies and Braye, in the Aisne reglon. the French last night began an artillery bombardment of the greatest violence, at times attaining drum fire, the Ger man statement says. Infantry attacks have not been launched.
 On the Belgian battle front Anglo French accommodating parties, after in tense artillery preparation, advanced many times last night against the Ger man positions. These attachments the bulletin adds, were repulsed with heavy losses.
 The statement reads:
 Western theater: Ostend has been SJOHibth liOli ti1t Scd. Ddllid,t Hdo DtcI caused to houses in the town.
 "On the Flanders land front, there being a strong mist there was little fir ing activity until evening. Before dark ness came, the firing was intense on the coast near Dixmude and at some sectors on the main battlefield. Enemy reconnoitering attachments advanced many times but were repulsed with heavy losses.
 Army group of German crown prince: The artillery duel increased at midday when the visibility improved rising from Vauxaillon as far as Brays to the greatest violence. It continued undiminished during the night and swelling many times to drum fire. Up to the present large attacks have not .ofioMeu
 "On the fronts of the other armies the fighting activity remained slight
 Nine enemy aviators have been brought down"
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22

and stenographer in the American forces will have subscribed to the Lib erty loan by the time the books close here next Tuesday.
 McAdoo Makes Appeal
 DALLAS, Oct. z1.-Appealing to the people of Texas to support the Liberty loan, Secretary of the Treasury Mo Adoo. in an address before large audience here this afternoon, said had Germany'S war plans been successful, Texas again would have been under the Mexican flag. He paid tribute to Japan, which country, he said, has nobly refused to betray her allies, as note which sought to embroil Mexico, and Japan into war with the United States.
 We cannot fight wars without money" MT. McAdoo said Money is necessary"
 Those boys in khaki are doing more than paying taxes; they are risking their lives. The man who stays at home and grumbles about taxes should be a shame to his community.
 Coming down to Texas on our train were two carloads of American air pilots going to the aviation camp a. San Antonio Written on one of the cars were the words: From Spokane to Berlin, via Texas On the other side of the car were the words: Buy a Liberty Bond. We will do the rest to the kaiser
 Are you going to buy Liberty bond and help those boys take care of the kaiser? This war has to be fought to finish. Where is the man who says we shall not fight it to a finish?"
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
TICKETS NOW READY
 N CONCERT COURSE

The Philharmonic Concert Course Vill he held at the Columbia theater \ campaign has been started on the sale of the season tickets. five concerts for S.. This course is composed ot five of the best-known artists in Amer ica as follows. Charles Wakefield Cad man, November 26; Harold Bauer De- cember IT, Reinold Werranrath, Jan Uary T; Theodore Karle, March p; and Julia Culp in April the date not being set.
 Each and everyone of these artists is enjoying big success and Phoenix must not fall short of her share of the success. So if the musicloving public Nill work hand in hand the series will he d big success.
 Miss Clara Hazard, local head of the Philharmonic course, is getting her forces together for a big campaign in the sale of the season tickets. The tick cts will be ready for sale on Tuesday and anyone wishing any tickets can obtain them either from Miss Hazard ar the box office of the Columbi:i fheater.
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
Admit Losino ZeppeIins

AMSTERDAM, Oct. 21.-The loss of four Zeppelins is admitted in an off, cial statement received here from Berlin.
 An airship squadron, the statement says, attacked London, Manchester Birmingham, Nottingham, Darby Lowestoft, Hull, Grimsby and Norwich, England, with special success.
 "On the night of October 1920 na- val airship squadron under Captain Baron Preusch von Butler -Bradenfels attacked with special success London, Manchester, Birmingham, Nottingham Derby, Lowestoft, Hull, Grimsby Nor .wich. and Mappleton. On the return journey owing to the adverse wind and dense mist, four airships under Cap tains Stabbert, Coolle, Hansger and Schwander passed over the French bat tie zone where, according to French
Arizona republican., 1917-10-22
COLORADO MINERS MAY QUIT AGAINST
 ADVICE OF LEADERS
Republican A. p. Leased Wlrel


 DENVER, Oct. 21.-Whether the re- port of the state industrial commits sion upholding the so-cailed Rocker feller plan of adjusting industrial disputes ill the coal mines of the Coi- orado Fuel and Iron company vii at- rect the labor situation m this state was uncertain, officials of district No To, UnlteQ Mine WOrhe1s Oi Anerlc4., said tonight.
 John MoLennan, district member of the lnterndtIonai LOaId, saiu that union officials were opposed to aAs drastic acton by the men, but that there was much dissatisfaction among union mners ana that there Was d possibility that the men would vote to strike against the advice of thelr officers.
 NO action has ben taken by the officers as yet with reference to the eport, winch was announced yes terday, and although no meeting of tie district board has been called, Mir. McLennan said it was not unlikely that the report would be considered tomorrow.
 Opposition to the Rockefeller plan and demand for recognition of the United Mine Workers were the prin- cipal grievances discussed last sum- lner, when the union officials filed notice with the state industrial con- mission of their intention to call a August 1. This strike order has been held in abeyance, however, and MT. McLennan said tonight the union leaders were opposed to a strike dur ing kte war.
 The report of the state industrial commission not only held that the Rockefeller plan" is successful but ruled that the other grievances named by the union officials in conferences with the officers of the Colorado Fuel without foundation. The commission found that no gunner" were em- )loyed by the company and that there was no system for the coercion of ern ployes, as alleged in the grievances presented by the union. A factional fight within the union was largely responsible for the demands, the re- port said
 The Rockefeller plan to which the union objected provides for en- employees committees to confer with company officials in the adjustment of grievances.
 The union demanded that grievance committees appointed by the union re- place these committees of employees. The Rockefeller plan" was instituted after visit of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., to the coal camps of the com pany a few years ago.
 In it's report the industrial commis sion says the grievances presented by the union could have been adjusted without difficulty under the "Rocke feller plan" and that investigation disclosed that there has been discrim- ination by the company against mem bera of the union. Demands for a wage increase, made by miners in the Fremont district, were held by the re- port to be unwarranted.