davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

it is for Austria to retain control of it
until peace negotiations are entered
upon so that it will not be recovered"
Italian territory.
-
The Italian people care less for
Trieste as an industrial and CONNER
cial entrepot than as a means of graft
flying the national aspiration for ex-
pansion, although they are not insensi-
BILE to the commercial advantages. With
italy in undisputed possession OF the
Gulf of Trieste and of the city itself,
the Adriatic would become in fact an
Italian lake, and this is the Italian
dream. 1t would compensate partly for
the Mediterranean becoming a Franco
British lake.
The possession of Fiume by Hungary
would not seriously affect Italian in
fiuence, especially If Italy gained per-
manent control of the Dalmatian coast.
including Avalona and Spagato The
great powers, in trying to readJust the
grouping of the Balkan states. hardly
would be likely to consent to TINS ar,
rangement. but even then Italy wen
could afford to be content with the
possession of Trieste
The bulk of the population. notwith-
standing the possession by Austria Tor
more than half a century. IS sun
Italian. 1t is not an isolated popula
ton. surrounded by Teuton1c ana
maintaining the language with DIM
Guilty, as in the case of Prussian 70
land but it is homogeneous popula-
ton because the adjoining country is
Italian, and there is no large Teutonlc
population pressing 1t.
The language of common intercourse
in Trieste is Italian, and even the Aus
TRAN officials. Notwithstanding that
German is their own language and is
the official language. have been COM
PEELED to learn Italian. The munich
pality as such is almost identical with
the Italian municipalities in Italy
proper.
The Italian irridentists. or champions
of the redeemed Italy. never accepted
as permanent. Even under the triple
alliance. when Italy and Austria on
the surface were friendly and the two
governments had certain common ends
to subserve, the Italians in Trieste
refused to be placated They kept up
their agitation for the restoration of
the city to Italy, and the Austrian gov
to the extent of ignoring 1t.
1t may be assumed that there Is now
large element among the inhabitants
of Trieste who are exerting them
selves to facilitate the capture of the
city by the Italian armies. When Italy
declared war against Austria many of
the men of Trieste left the city and
entered the Italian armies, not as sub
jects of foreign power, but as Italians
who, residing under a foreign power,
had never given allegiance to 1t. How
ever, since the Italian Inhabitants
were so numerous. it was inevitable
that a considerable part of them should
remain.
That the Austrian. military -sepres.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

and the. crop is cultivated after much
the same manner as grain In the north.
On the larger plantations the blowing
is done with gang plows. each drawn
by a team of four horses or mules. or
by steam or gasoline tractors. Five
or six inches is the average depth OF
the burrows. The rice Is put in with
drills, as In ordinary seeding. and there
is none OF the back breaking work of
setting out the sprouts in the mud
with the hand as is done In Japan.
The water is not let into the fields
until after the rice has sprouted and
ground. After that the country seems
like. a great series of lakes with the
green stalks rising above them. The
roots Of the plants are embedded in the
water to a depth Of two or three inches.
ana the ground is a great sponge with
the water washing the lower parts of
the plants In some sections each acre
has to have $4,000 gallons of water
every twentyfour hours to provide for
the plant growth and evaporation. and
Two or three weeks before the crop
ripens, which here is in late August,
the water Is turned off to allow the
land to- become dry before harvesting.
grain Is reaped and bound by machin-
cry made for the purpose. A single
machine will reap and bind from six to
twelve acres per day. The laborers fol-
low the binders and shock up the rice.
1t remains in the shock about three
weeks before threshing.
The harvesting scenes are similar to
those of the wheat regions of our
northwestern states The rice turns
yellow and the sheaves look like wheat.
The threshing is done in about the
same way The machines go from farm
to farm and u single thresher will han
die as much as 1000 acres per day. In
the threshing the paddy, or rice grain
In the husk. flows forth at the side of
out through a pipe at one end. The
paddy is caught in bags each of which
holds about 200 pounds. and 1t is in
this shape that 1t is carried on wagons
or boats to the warehouse or mill.
Nearly every town in this part of the
world has it's rice mill. / visited one in
Beaumont, Tex, which has a capacity
of 100000 pounds of cleaned rice a
year The mill covers an acre or SO and
rice drops from one process to another
on its way to the market.
The machinery is much like that of a
dour mill 1t takes the paddy as 1t
comes from the fields and tears Off the
outer husk. Machines remove the coat
of bran. which Is next to the husk and
grind off what is known as the polish,
and others sort the grain and take out
the broken pieces and grade Them.
There Is also machinery to give the
rice. the peariy white gloss which 1t
has In the stores. This gloss is made
BY coating each grain with glucose,
which comes off in washing the rice
before cooking. The coating is of no
value except to make the rice please
the eye of the customer.
FRANK g. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

ton to Magruder's Purchase" COM
prising 200 acres.
At the death Of Samuel Brewer
this property went to his son.
Walter Magruder. who married a
daughter of Ashton Garrett of Mont
gomery county. Long before the civil
war the property was sold to a family
named Johnson and next came into pos
session of a family named ,Dowd. Then
1T was bought by Joshua offutt and
from his estate was bought by Mr.. and
Mrs. Frank P. Stone.
In the story of Locust Grove the
Rambler told that Olivia Dunbar
Magruder. daughter of Lloyd
Magruder. married Philip Stone. Philip
Stone lived at Stoningtons which
stands near the Potomac pike leading
from Potomac village to the Conduit
road and about two miles north of the
Conduit. Stonington was built in 1920
by Mrs Anna Garnette Stone. an Eng
lishwoman, who came to Washington
when it was a small town and taught
school here. Philip Stone and his wife
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

sion has been very stern may well be
imagined but, as has been shown in
Belgium. even pitfless military rule
cannot completely repress the national
spirit of people 1t may safely be
military authorities have had their
hands full with the Italian population
in Trieste.
The aspiration of this population to-
see the Italian army occupying the city
may not be gratified, but II they ever
get there their welcome by a LARGE,
section of the population will be An
overpowering one. The fact that an
other section of the population-the
Teutonic section-will not welcome the
Italian armies adds to the complexities
of the great war. Whether Austria or
Italy ultimately possesses the queen
city of the Adriatic, with its ire
mendous advantages a commercial
mart and a naval base. there is not
likely to be a homogeneous population.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

went. One soon comes upon the Mer-
ryman nursery and then the Robey
place-T. H. Robey. il the Rambler re-
members the name on the letter box.
There is an old stone springhouse on
this place. On the left were the broad
wheat fields of B. p. Whalen. and far
Their along vast stretches of corn land
On the right were the Robey corn
lands, then old fields in which hun
dreds of little Christmas trees were
springing up. and then a stretch Of
woods. Soon the road takes dip into
a shady hollow, and on the right is a
romantic cottage almost shut out from
view by hoary, thorny honey-locust.
giant bushes of orange blossoms. snow
balls, bridal wreath, lilac and weigelia.
The ground below this shrubberv is
covered with a thick mat of peri
Wrinkle 1t Is the home of Peter Leonard.
who has lived there forty years. Across
home path winds down grade to a
clump Of old trees where there is a
wide and deep spring of fine water.
The road still calls. and you follow.
When you again come to the high land
you will see a small sway-backed or
sway-roofed little house on the left
standing under the shelter of cedars
and locust trees in flower. Close by is a
recently constructed habitation which
stands in the shade of a clump of pines.
There are indications that this place
has long been a home of men, but the
persons living there now are new
corners in that beautiful country. The
name painted on the wayside letter
box is Frank E1tnskey. All the places
which have been indicated since en-
lane have been created out of the tract
called "Magruder's Honesty" which
was granted to Samuel Magruder and
Josias Beall in 1920.
Soon after passing the little old sway
rooted house the road leads to the brow
of a hill and begins sharp descent.
On the right is fine stone house with
wealth Of vines climbing over 1t and
wellhouse. At the bottom Of the hill
a private road strikes Off from the pub
lie road and leads back up the hill
through a fine garden to the stone
house This was the home Of Samuel
Brewer Magruder and his wife Rebecca,
and is now the home of Mr.. and Mrs.
Frank Pelham Stone. Against the stone
wellhouse. in which there is now
gasoline pump. is gray stone slab
plainly. boldly and deeply. yet crude
ly inscribed. IS. B. NJ r. 1867" The
initials arc those Of Samuel Brewer
Magruder and his wife Rebecca and the
date is that of the erection of the stone
house. At one time 1t was in one Of the
mantels Of the building. but was re-
moved by previous occupants of the
property. This property was a part of
''Magruder's Honesty"
Samuel Magruder of Montgomery
county in his will mentions his wife
Margaret and his son Samuel Brewer
Magruder. He devised land called Ma
gruders Purchase tPart of Friendship.
Addition to Magruder's Purchase" and
''Resurvey on Addition to Magruder's
Purchase" To his son Samuel Brewer
Magruder he left "Resurvey on Addi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

Olivia inherited the place. Among Mrs.
Stones sons. and brothers of Philip.
were John G. Stone, who was an officer
in the army: Frank Stone. an officer in
the navy, and Charles Stone, a phys
ician. who removed to Natchez. Miss
Philip Stone and Olivia Dunbar
Magruder had a large family. Their
children were Henry P. Stone, who en-
tered the Confederate army. married
in Tennessee, reared a large family.
and one of whose sons is now an officer
in the United States Army; the second
son was John Alexander Stone. who was
killed in the Confederate service; the
next was Frank P. Stone. who was born
at Stonington in 1886 and married Miss
Lilly Moore. a descendant Of Charles
Lilly the English author and gram
marian. These are now the owners and
occupants of the ancient stone house
which Samuel Brewer Magruder built
and which is now called Stoneyhurst.
The fourth child of Philip and Olivia
Stone was Eliza Lloyd Stone, who mar
ried c. Montgomery Claggett. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10
Trouble.

THE sagging of the Hindenburg line
led Gen. Goethals to tell a trouble
story.
The Germans" he said. remind me
of the widow Wilson.
The widow and her friends. after I'm
terring Wilson's remains. stopped on
the way back home for some light re-
freshment
THE widow chose gin for hers. and
after her glass had been generously
filed a mourner bent over her with
the water jug.
".Water, ma'am?' he said. politely.
Water" moaned the widow. as she
hurriedly covered the top of her glass
with her hand. Water? Holy smoke.
Amt got trouble enough a. II Af
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

service at the period when the emigra-
ton of the Slavic population was en-
couraged. Several of these vessels are
now interned in the United States.
Though diplomatic relations have
been broken off, Congress has not de-
clared state of war with Austria. as
has been declared with Germany. The
Austrian shipowners, however. are re-
ported to be discouraged about the
prospect of ever regaining these in
termed vessels. although this is not due
to any intimation from Washington.
:. X
TX
With its facilities as commercial
port, Trieste offers some natural adj
have been improved. Though there
may be some warships at Fiume,
Trieste is the naval rendezvous of the
ustro-Hungarian fleet. 1t is also the
shelter and the starting point OF the
Austrian submarines. Little is known
about the number of Austrian subma-
rines. but when the war broke out they
formed a part of the Austrian navy. 1t
Is assumed that more have been built
in the meantime. or that Germany may
have shipped the parts to Trieste to be
assembled there.
Occasional reports have reached the
outside world of attacks by Austrian
submarines. and the blowing up of
several transport ships of England
and France has been attributed to them
rather than to the German submarines.
Whatever the Austrian fleet may be
that Is assembled in the Gulf of
Trieste. 1t apparently has been effective
enough to resist any attack by the
Italian navy. supplemented by the
warships of the allies. The Austrian
fleet may be bottled up there as are
the German warships at Kiel and other
German ports. but since Trieste is the
objective of the Italian attack the Aus
trian fleet may be of more use to Aus
tria than the German fleet to Germany,
since 1t is able to supplement the
strong land defenses which must be
overcome before an Italian army can
have a chance to take Trieste.
Germany, 1t Is assumed. without much
actual knowledge of what Is going on,
is aiding Austria in the defense of
Trieste. Continued control of the queen
city of the Adriatic is as important to
Germany as to Austria. 1t Is one of the
principal arteries of commerce for Ba-
varia and other parts of southern Ger
many.
With the certainty that after peace
the Italian alliance with France and
England will be exerted adversely to
transit commerce through
Genoa and Milan. the necessity OF
keeping control of the seaport at the
head of the Adriatie becomes infinitely
greater. So long as Trieste remains an
OFF as If 1t were German port. Trieste
lost to Austria means Germany's loss
of a main commercial artery. Conse-
quently, IL will be understood how
great Is the value for Italy to gain con-
troll OF Trieste and how eQually-vital
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

except in the United States, the crop
Is grown almost altogether by human
labor In Asia the grain Is first sown
in seed bed. and barefooted and bare
legged men and women wade through
the helds and set out the plants in the
mud, With their hands In Japan and
China the rice canals are often kept
full by men who lift the water up from
the streams in buckets or tight bas-
kets. Or in wheels worked by the feet
somewhat on the principle Of the old
fashioned dog churn. The grain is cut
by hand and threshed by pulling it
through iron teeth like those Of saw.
In Japan the labor needed is such that
one man can do little more than take
care OF an acre Of rice. 1t costs the
Japanese something like $50 per acre to
raise his crop. or more than a dollar a
bushel In Arkansas they are now
raising rice at little over Is cents a
bushel. or about ne-fourth OF its cost
in Japan.
In the United States everything is
done by machinery; and In irrigating
pIantlng. harvesting and preparing the
gram Tor the market the labor item is
Kept down to the minimum. The hold
fhgs are large. In Houston there is
one company that controls 10000 acres
ana many of the rice farms of Texas
have thousand acres or more. IT is
the same IN Arkansas. and also in Cali
fornia -
In travelling through southern Louis
iana you can see how machinery is
doing the work. Rice canals have been
putt all over the country, which are
kept null from the bayous and rivers
by pumping stations These canals
are built on the top Of the ground by
throwing up two entertainments from
30 to 100 feet apart. The dirt is
taken from the middle. The water is
thus carried above, the surface OF the
ground. 1t is let out through fumes
near the top of the banks into the
fields or lateral canals, and gravity
does the work. These canals are often
from twenty to thirty miles long, 100
Ieet wide. and five or six feet In depth
including the laterals, there are enough
canals already built. If placed end to
end. to reach from Boston to San Fran
cisco.
The pumps used are Of the most mod :
ern make They are driven by COM
pound Corlfss engines which lift tens
OF thousands of gallons per hour. In
vermilion parish. Louisiana. there is a
single pumping station which has
total capacity of 324,OOO.O0O gallons in
twenty-four hours. or about as much
as the water supply of New York city.
Inc canal which carries that water
reeds more than $4,000 acres Of land,
said to be worth 500 an acre.
The rice fields here are easily made.
The country Is nat. and all that is, nee
essary is to take a ditchinE pillow and
throw up low bank Of. earth around
the heid in the shape of a wall. The
panK is then tamped on the inside with
SPADE ana shovel to keep II from Leak
ing.
h
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

E1WO stone buildings that could
tell an interesting story II
stones had tongues. as walls
have ears, stand at the junction
Of the River road and the Seven Locks
road. AS other roads in the region OF
Washington bear the popular name.
river road" it is necessary for the
completeness of this narrative that the
real River road be identified. 1t does
not follow the course of the Potomac SO
closely as other roads built at later
date, but going on two centuries ago it
was the road which most closely fol-
lowed the river from point near the
confluence of Rock creek and the Po-
tomac to the west. When that road
1vas built the Frederick valley was the
west; the country around Cumberland
was the far west. and the Alleghenies
were the wild west.
4 Where this road strikes off to the
northwest from Tenleytown it is two
miles from the river by the shortest
line. 1t is only mile from the river
ut Glen Echo, and it is three miles
from the river at Great Falls. West OF
the village of Potomac. in Montgomery
county, the river and the road approach
and very nearly converge where watts
branch, Trilgoe's branch. Sandy branch
and scores of other streams. empties
into the Potomac river, somewhat less
than three miles the other side OF Great
Falls. Thence west it quite closely
parallels the river to Edwards ferry,
crossing Seneca creek five miles beyond
watts branch and thence to Whites
ferry. four miles beyond Edyards ferry.
Beyond Whites Ferry which is about
twenty-eight miles west by north of
the District line, the River road turns
many corners and becomes confused
with other roads that lead through the
Poolesville and GAINESVILLE districts of
Montgomery county. but the Rambler
believes that the road which crosses
half miles above it's junction with the
Potomac is a continuation of the River
road. The Rambler has not now at
hand data concerning the age of the
sections of the road west of the village
of Potomac, but he feels assured that
The part of the road which leads from
Pthe Potomac west of the mouth Of
Rock Creek to Tenleytown. now called
wisconsin avenue; thence west from
Tenleytown to Potomac, thence north
erly to Rockville and thence on by way
OF Clarksburg to the Monocacy river
to the vanished town of Monocacy.
which stood about ten miles north OF
the city of Frederick Is the oldest road
after the opening Of that road. came to
be called the District of Columbia.
Crossing the River road near the juno
tion Of Cabin John run and Thomas
creek, about two miles north by a
little west from Cabin John bridge. is
an old road which leads north from the
Conduit road about one mile west OF
Cabin John bridge. and passes on to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-06-10

seventh was John Garnett Stone. who
married. first Miss Eudocia claggett
and second. Miss BESSIE Brady of
Montgomery county. The eighth child
was Catherine Stone. who married
Henry L. Harrison. mining engineer.
now living in San Antonio. Tex.
-
Frank Pelham Stone and his wife Lilly
Moore Stone have one son. John Dunbar
Stone, who is now living with his uncle.
Henry c Harrison in San Antonio. Mrs.
Stones birthplace and girlhood home.
Glen Moore. stands on a hill above the
River road close to its junction with
the Seven Locks road and within sight
of Stoneyhurst.
Mr.. Stone is a civil engineer and In the
early EOS he helped put through the
Popes creek railroad. making the sur
vey from Upper Marlboro to Richmond
The line ends at Pope's creek. Nd The
Popes creek line passes through much
of that part of southern Maryland over
which the Rambler has walked and OF
which he has written. and he and Mr.
Stone had chummy hour on the vine-
clothed veranda of the old Samuel
Brewer Magruder house. After making
the survey for the Pope's creek line Mr..
Stone took the contract for building the
Cincinnati Southern. road running
from Cincinnati to Chattanooga and
passing through a mountainous coun-
try. He then went to Mexico and fol-
lowed the mining and milling business
and some years ago returned to Mont
gomery county and began farming
these old lands within sight of his
wife's home and within a few miles of
his old home.
Mrs. Stone is member OF Janet
Montgomery Chapter. D. A. r.. of Mont
gomery county and has done much re-
search work in colonial and revolu-
tionary subjects to which, In way.
Montgomery county is related. She
took up the subject of the route fol-
lowed by Dunbar's division of Brad
docks army through Maryland and
proved to the satisfaction of local his
torians that these troops followed the
road from the Potomac near the mouth .
Tenleytown. thence to Potomac village.
thence to Lawrence Owens tavern at Z
Rockville and thence westward by way
of Clarksburg. Her data show that
this road was in existence a good many
years before the Braddock campaign.
and that the road called Wisconsin
avenue from Tenleytown to the District
line and the Rockville pike, with the
older part of that way called the "old
Georgetown and Rockville road" from
Edgemore to a point near Rockville.
was not in existence at the time Of
Braddock's march. Mrs. Stone relo-
Gated the site of Dowden's ordinary or
tavern at Clarksburg. where Braddock
made his second camp. She was also
the chairman of the committee of Janet
MONTGOMERY Chapter which placed the
marker at Capt. Johns meeting house
at Potomac