davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-06-03

"HE WAYS of war BASS all under
standing. Such is the despair
n ing comment of thousands OF
business men. who find their solid pros
perity dissolying, as it were, under the
mere name Of war, for as yet we are at
war hardly more than in name. They
had become recOnciled to giving their
sons. if they had sons OF military age.
They were quite willing to pay their
appropriate quota in taxation. But
thev had not prepared themselves for
transvauation of business values that
might leave them bankrupt. While we
remained cut of the war the dealer IN
orchids was held as worthy as the dealer
in eggs, and, on the basis Of equal cash
incomes, rather more respectable. Now
we have become belligerent, the orchid
dealers business has become almost sus-
pect. His exquisite wares are avoided
even by the gilded youth in love, whose
lady might regard Liberty Bonds as bet
ter evidence of patriotism.
In the orchid dealers case are also
, the high priced milliners, and haber
dashers, automobile companies, enter
tainment enterprises, and heaven knows
how many other businesses that have
always been prosperous and respected.
What wonder is it that we should hear
a loud cry against hystercal economy,
fervid praises Of the principle, 'busi-
ness as usual? For this principle
plausible, if not good, argument can be
adduced. If the gilded youth do not
buy orchids, wherewith shall the orchid
dealer pay his income tax? And how
shall he maintain his score or more Of
employees, waose consumption furnishes
further revenue to the government be-
sides giving rents TO landlords, profits
and wages TO grocers and their aids and
suppliers? Would it not be better all
around if the public continued TO buy
orchids as usual, and kept money in cir
culation?
Old-fashioned economists may detect
in this argument fallacy akin to that
lurking in the doctrine that waste and
destruction make for prosperity, be-
cause Of the money they set in circula-
ton. Prosperity isn't based upon the
buying of things, but upon the produc-
ton Of things of use. When change
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-06-03

present by twenty-five phllanthroplc
citizens, although it is intended. once
the work is we'll under way. to appeal
for more general support. The aim is
not simply to defend needy persons &C
cused of crime, but to bring to light all
the facts involved, the life history OF
the accused, the conditions under which
he lived, and the events leading up to
the crime. There is no desire to get
not guilty verdict at any cost. The
Voluntary Defenders League is not or
ganized to beat the District Attorneys
office. but to cooperate with it, to UNI
earth with the same expert care the de
PENDANTS side of the case that the state
eXpends on the prosecution.
The committee has now been at work
two full months. and in the hundred
cases it has been assigned to defend has
had a chance to test its theories on
almost every type Of criminal case on the
calendar. It has secured out and out
verdicts of not guilty where the accusa-
ton was palpably an error. 1t has
secured suspended sentence after con-
viction, where it has brought hitherto
unknown facts to the attention of the
Judge. 1t has used its recommends
lions, based upon expert Investigations
of its trained aides, to have drug adj
diets diverted from jail to curative
farms. 1t has taken over the legal IN
terest and protection of the confirmed
alcoholic. the NATURALLY bad" the de-
generate, the insane, the feble-minded.
1t has been the lawyer Of the first Of
fender and the hardened crook. And
nearly all of them, accustomed as they
have been to the bungling and greedy
legal aid of the assignment lawyers
of the criminal court, have given It a
surprised and puzzled faith.
It was planned when the work began
that the Voluntary Defenders League
should be a purely legal organization,
and was not to follow up a case after
final action had been taken by the court.
But even before the case is brought to
court there is an unsupported amount
of social investigation to be done. The
committee has attempted in each case
TO get back into the life and surround
ings of the defendant, to discount the
tales of his enemies, to locate the causes
of his downfall. These things discov-
cred. it aims to provide the best legal
defence for the defendant and to make
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-06-03

its population, established by war as its
invaluable asset. Heavy taxation oil
large incomes has apparently come to|
stay. And this again involves change|
in the direction of industry. Less must
be produced for the rich and more tori
those Of modest means.
AS for the share of labor, there are|
good reasons for expecting it also w|
increase. Every European nation has
been forced to recognize the close rels'|
ton between the national power and the|
vigor of the general population. Ihe|
same relation will be impressed upon US
Consumption will bring home to US t0'|
damage we have suffered through o1er1
work and underpay among EXTENSIVE
classes of our population. Forces maxi
ing for better conditions for labor VIII
have the support of a reawakened nal
tional conscience.
Besides, the close of the war VIII rel
store to our working classes HUNDREDS OIL
thousands, perhaps millions, OF men|
who have learned TO risk everything on
the firing line. They will be men WhO|
have learned more fundamental lessons
in democracy than are evCI taughl W
civil life. They will have lost many llu'|
sions as to the responsibility OF an orue'|
that distributes rewards on any otne'|
basis than service. From all the Wal
ring countries, even Germany, we hs"'|
reports of the growing insubordlnauO'
of the working class. the fading reSpe'
for wealth and social status. YET 'n'|
soldiers have not returned IRON u'|
field. Is it possible that our own Wo''1
ing class will fail to react TO the San'|
influences? Hardly. There will be ieS
cringing, less desperate hanging 10 jVv'
that merely ward off starvation. p1"
ness will have to accommodate itseh y
working class that demands more u"
is ready to fight harder to get IT,
Before the war business was {"
throned. Business interests were j
garded as Identical with national iN''.
ests. And if here and there bad ou''
ness was discovered, this was ne"
be the exception to the rule. bu. d
regime of war has thrown INTO re'"
fundamental realities that had becou'
blurred in the mist of money MAXIM"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-06-03


defendants in cases brought up
Il in the Criminal Courts Building
since Monday, April 3 Not that they
have all been acquitted; twenty-five OF
them are already serving in penal insti-
tutions. But, whatever the verdict, they
have had the unprecedented advantage
of expert legal aid and protection, free
Before that their fate would have rested
with the dozen or more "shyster' law
yers who hang about Part l of General
Sessions every morning waiting for an
assignment. These mems chief interest
is the precarious living they can squeeze
out of their poverty-stricken clients,
and they have neither the interest nor
the equipment for seeing that justice
is done.
Since April 2 a hundred defendants
in criminal cases have had their inter-
ests assigned by judges to the counsel
and associate counsel of the Voluntary
Defenders Committee, both of them
former Assistant District Attorneys.
William Dean Embree, chief counsel OF
the committee. for twelve years an AS
sistant District Attorney, was an expert
prosecutor for the people of the State
of New York. He saw what a resource
full and powerful machinery was set IN
motion against the penniless or poverty
stricken defendants who form so large
a part of the calendar of criminal court
procedings-a corps of well trained
public prosecuting attorneys, with the
investigating resources Of the whole Po-
lice Department at its disposal, launched
against a defendant whose lawyer, as
one of the tribe put it, could only eX-
pect his reward in Heaven, and how
was he ever going to get there? Inc
District Attorneys office, with It's tacll-
tiles for bringing to light all the facts IN
the states side of the case, pitted
against the third rate assignment coun-
sci who could not be expected to conduct
an elaborate scientific investigation for
the three or four dollars fee they
squeezed from their frightened clients
or their relatives.
Such were the conditions which gave
Mr.. Embree and other public-spirited
lawyers of this city, the idea of Volun-
tary Defenders League to provide COM
petent counsel for needy defendants in
criminal cases. The Voluntary Defen-
ders' Committee is supported for the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-06-03
)OR MAN HAS HIS DAY IN COURT

the young ruffians they are, will diva,
them from ultimate prison sentences a.
electrocution, to lives of decencv an,
order. In the old, unhappy days of n.
shyster assignment lawyers. the,,
youths had nothing to hope from tbsi,
counsel except a very doubtful acouit,,l
and the certainty of a bill.
With the arrival Of the Volunteer n.
tenders Committee the industry of a,
signment lawyers is perishing. n.
committee so far has not handled all III.
cases, but the volume left TO tbess
shrewd capitalizers Of poverty ana
crime is rapidly decreasing. Assistan,
District Attorneys are fond of telling at
lunch of these picturesque figures WIN
make precarious living out of Tho
frightened foreigners who get caught in
the bewildering processes of the law
Stories are told Of their cunning. their
wit. and their amazing range of nfor.
nation. One Of the most astute NJ
them is reputed to be extraordinarily
telicitous in his quotations from Shake.
speare. But they are neither scientific
nor disinterested; they are doing "piec.
work." and justice for itself has no in.
terest for them. Even were they better
wilIed they could not be expert criminal
lawyers. Often they have not even
offices, and spend the time between case,
in the dreary round of hunting out Of
the way witnesses in out of the way
places.
Their work has been taken over bv
two Assistant District Attorneys with a
score Of competent volunteer counS
at their call. Their two months won
has been symptomatic of the new era Of
socialized law. For the defendant, who
having no money, has the legal and pO
lice machinery Of whole city arrayed
against him, we have a counter check
Not only will their defence be more dis
interested and effective, but the WORK Of
the District Attorneys Office itself IS
being facilitated. For the Defenders
Committee, being on the prisoners side
has opportunities for getting at infor.
nation that prosecuting attorney could
never unearth, and whose keen, intimate
and Illuminating details resist the brow.
beating methods Of the assignment law.
yer. The Volunteer Defenders League
is the latest step in scientific justice. VI
makes rich and poor really alike in the
eyes of the law.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-06-03
Courtesy of The New RepubIic)

of land yielding four dollars in rent has
been worth 500. What may the bond
or the land be worth when war eats up
the whole investment fund through two
or three years? Let us guess eighty
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-06-03

of each year have very much to do with
fixing this valuation at S20O,0O0,00O,-
600. Because there is copious free in
vestment fund, railway bonds yielding
four per cent have sold at par. An acre
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-27
u. S. Certificates Presented
For Liberty Bond Exchange

Full paid receipts and interim GER
tifcstes representing many millions Of
dollars were presented to the Federal
Reserve Bank yesterday by holders de-
sjring TO exchange them for permanent
Liberty bonds. The applications for
the new bonds were made chiefly by
banks. though a number of individual
holders appeared in line at the cx-
change department at so Wall Street
during the day.
Those who applied ,or coupon bonds
were told they could have them in a
Gay or two. Several days will be re-
ouired TO make deliveries of registered
bonds. as the applications for these
must first go TO Washington to be re-
corded by the Treasury Department.
A blind ticket" was issued as re-
ceipt for the certificates presented for
exchange.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-27

Chemical National Bank
Citizens National Bank
Citizens Savings Bank
City Savings Bank, Brooklyn
Coal & Iron National Bank
Colonial Bank
Columbia Trust Company
Corn Exchange Bank
Dime Savings Bank, Brooklyn
Dollar Savings Bank
Dry Dock Savings Institution
East Brooklyn Savings Bank
East River National Bank
Eastern District Savings Bank,
Brooklyn
Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank
Empire City Savings Bank
Empire Trust Company
Equitable Trust Company
Excelsior Savings Bank
Farmers Loan & Trust Company
Federal Reserve Bank
Fidelity Trust Company
Fifth Avenue Bank
Fifth National Bank
First National Bank
First National Bank Of Brooklyn
Franklin Trust Company
Fulton Trust Company Of New Yorl
Garfield National Bank
German American Bank
German Exchange Bank
German Savings Bank
German Savings Bank Of Brooklyn
Gcrmania Bank
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-27

Gcrmania Savings Bank of Kings
County, Brooklyn
Gotham National Bank
Grace, w. R. & Co.'S Bank
Greater New York Savings Bank
Greenwich Bank
Greenwich Savings Bank
Guaranty Trust Company of n. Y.
Hamilton Trust Co., Brooklyn
Hanover National Bank
Harlem Savings Bank
Hudson Trust Company
Importers & Traders National Bank
International Banking Corporation
Irving National Bank
Irving Savings Institution
Kings County Savings Bank
Kings County Trust Co., Brooklyn
Lawyers Title & Trust Company
Liberty National Bank
Lincoln National Bank
Lincoln Trust Company
Manhattan Savings Institution
Market & Fulton National Bank
Mechanics Bank of Brooklyn
Mechanics & Metals National Bank
Mercantile Trust & Deposit Co.
Merchants National Bank
Metropolitan Bank
Metropolitan Savings Bank
Metropolitan Trust Company
Mutual Bank
Nassau National Bank of Brooklyn
National Bank of Commerce
National Butchers & Drovcrs' Bank
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-27

American Exchange National Bank
Atlantic National Bank of the City
of New York
Bank of America
Bank of Cuba in New York
Bank of Europe
Bank of Flatbush
Bank of New York National
Banking Assn.
Bank of the Manhattan Company
Bank of the Metropolis
Bank of United States
Bank of Washington Heights
Bankers Trust Company
Battery Park National Bank
Bowery Bank
Bowery Savings Bank
Brevoort Savings Bank, Brooklyn
Broadway Trust Company
Bronx Borough Bank
Bronx National Bank
Brooklyn Trust Company
Brooklyn Savings Bank
Bushwick Savings Bank
Central Trust Company
Chase National Bank
Chatham & Phenix National Bank
of the City of New York
Chelsea Exchange Bank
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-27
Save s serve:

National City Bank
National City Bank of Brooklyn
National Park Bank
New York Produce Exchange Bank
New York Trust Company
North Side Bank of Brooklyn
Pacific Bank
Peoples Bank
Peoples National Bank, Brooklyn
Peoples Trust Company, Brooklyn
Public National Bank of n. Y.
Scandinavian Trust Company
Seaboard National Bank
Second National Bank
Sherman National Bank
South Brooklyn Savings Institution
State Bank, The
Title Guarantee & Trust Company
Transatlantic Trust Company
Twenty-third Ward Bank
Union Exchange National Bank
Union Square Savings Bank
Union Trust Company of New York
United States Mortgage & Trust Co.
United States Trust Company of
New York
WILLIAMSBURG Savings Bank
Yorkville Bank
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1917-11-08
To Written Goods.

White goods that are yellow With
age may be whitened BY soaking In
buttermilk. Change the milk occa-
monally.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26
East Highland

DR.. Johns of Velva was called to the
Stewart Reed home last Wednesday
and again on Sunday at attend their
daughter, Helen, who is quite seriously
ill.
(! Mr.. and Mrs. E. Bunker and Mrs. j.
S. Baker and daughter, Lola, shopped
in Minot Saturday.
| Miss Knecht from North Prairie
spent the weekend with her brother
at Everett Bunker's.
Neil Irwin returned from Canada
last Friday.
Clarence Bivins and Florence Baker
spent Sunday evening at the Clark
Streeper home.
Mr.. Bassett of Sawyer attended Rev.
Specht on his trip to Highland Sun
day morning.
The Highland church will hold their
dedication services. on Sunday, May
6, 1917. Everyone cordially invited
to attend.
Mr.. and Mrs. Webster and daughter,
Evelyn, were in Minot Saturday.
Those on the sick list the past week
J included Mrs. Baker, Mrs. E. Bunker,
| F. NJ. Long, Jean Bunker, Helen Reed
and Mrs. A. F. Muzzy.
The Farmers club met with Mr.. and
Mrs. E. L. Miller last Saturday eve
ming. Although the farmers are quite
busy these days there was good at
tendance. The next meeting will be
held at the j. S. Welty home.
Van Hudson returned from Canada
Thursday.
| Mrs. Arthur Muzzy had the misfor-
tune to sprain her ankle last Friday
and at present is confined to her bed.
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Petty visited at
Mr.. Domm's Sunday.
| Lester and Dorr Hamilton spent
Sunday at the Aiken home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hans Rosveldt are
staying with Chas. Eckstrom for the
summer.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chelgren visited at
the Hamilton home Sunday.
Mrs. l. G. Bunker and children Wis
tied Minot Saturday.
Mrs. Brasset visited with Mrs. Guy
Sharar Friday.
The Girls club held their meeting
with Alpha Sharar Saturday after
noon.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26
SOUR, ACID ST0MACHs,
GASES OR INDIGESTION.
sPape's Diapepsin" neutralizes excee
sive acid In stomach, relieving.
dyspepsia, heartburn and
distress At once.

Time it! In five minutes all stom.
aeh distress, due to acidity, will 20.
No Indigestion, heartburn, sourness Or
belching Of gas or eructations Of undi-
gested food, no dizziness, bloating, foul
breath or headache.
Pape's Diapepsin is noted for It's
speed in regulating upset stomachs.
It As the s,lrest, quickest stomach sweet
ener.i tn the whole world, and besides It
is harmless. Put an end to stomach
distress at once by getting large fifty
cent case Of Papes Diapepsin from any
drug store. You realize in five minutes
how needless it Is to suffer from indi-
gestion, dyspepsia or any stomach dis
order caused by fermentation due TO
excessive acids in stomach.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26
FARM FOR SALE

32O-acre farm near proposed new
line Of R. R. II miles north, mile
west Of Minot. Fair buildings, nice
grove, two good wells. Rented for 1-3
in granary. Will make an ideal stick
farm. $500 per acre. Some terms.
F. p. HOLMES,
KID NO. 9 Owner.
Glenburn, N. d. 4-12-1c
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26
NOTICE TO 011DIFo10
State Of North Dako1a,

IN COUNTY COURT
Larson, Deceased. en- IA =
NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN, by
Mary Larson, Administering OF the es-
creditors Of, and ali persons having
claims against said deceased, to present
them, With the necessary vouchers, TO
the City Of Minot, North Dakota. Or to
the Judge Of the above named Court. az
Ainot North Dakota, within four months
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26
ASKING FOR SUMMER PAT
RONAGE.

The Snow-bird is gone and
spring is here. Instead of hiber-
mating through the summer, we
wish to stay on deck, even if we
have to hang on only by our eye
brows. We are putting in big
stock of summer fuel, and a
quick truck delivery. If you
wish to test our GOODS or SER
VICE call 463, and see what hap
pens. We DO NOT make Spec
ialty of full weight. We had the
habit. Also Dry Wood in the
shed, and Purity coal for the
range.
PIONEER FUEL co.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE--Livery, feed and sale
stable, if taken at once, or trade for
stock. Good paying business, fully
equipped. Also 600-acre ranch,
McHenry county, good hay mead
ows; ideal place for stock; good
buildings, easy terms. Write Box
281, Towner, N. D. 4-5-6c
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

used to give so per cent over-strength.
We now give 100 per cent in every
vital part.
Over 40 parts are built Of tough
ened steel. All safety parts are vastly
oversize. Driving and steering parts
are built of Chrome-V anadium.
This means some added weight.
It means much added cost. But it
means to you a lifetime car. We have
proved that Mitchell cars can render
100000 miles of service.
We applied this standard two years
ago to Bate cantilever springs. Since
then, not single spring has broken.
Not leaf of one.
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

SETRAYED - From our slaughter
house in Minot, Wednesday night,
April II, one cow and calf. Cow
was red and white spotted mooley,
years old. Calf red with white spots,
about 8 weeks old. Reward for in
formation. City Meat Market, Mi
not, N. d. 4-19tf
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE-Two registered Short
horn bulls coming two years old.
Deep red in color. A credit to any
herd of thoroughbred cattle. Pedi-
grees furnished at the time Of sale.
If interested call on my represen-
tative at the Minot Auto Company,
who will be pleased to give you all
information desired. P. w. Miller,
Minot, N. Oak. 4-19-t2
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE Six-bottom second hand
Racine Sattley plow. Price right.
J. l. Case Threshing Machine Co.,
Msrius Erickson, Mgr, Minot, N. D.
4-12-3t
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE-A Case auto, used slight
ly for demonstration purposes only.
This is high class, powerful, we'll
built car and will be priced right.
Here's snap. ]. l. Case Threshing
Machine Co., Marius Erickson, Mgr.
Minot, N. D. 4-12-3t
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

ESTRAYED-From my place at San
ish, two grey geldings, weight 27OO
ID; grey mare, weight 1900 fbs.;
l white mare, weight 1150 TBS. All
were sharp shod and had trimmed
foretops. Notify Dan Conan, Jr.,
Sanish, or H. ]. Johnson, Burling-
ton, N. D. 4-12-tfc
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE-Buff Orpington eggs for
setting; 81 per 100. Mrs. I. T. Zook,
Minot, N D., R4 4-12-3*
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE-72 h. p. 5-passenger, g.
cylinder Chalmers auto, fine condi-
ton, $1,000 class car. Sacrifice sale
if taken at once. Car used but lit
tie, running less than 10000 miles.
Tires in AL condition. Inquire G.
E. Balch, Northern States Power
Co., Minot, N. D. 4-12tf
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE-Western Rye Grass, No.
/ good seed. Eight cents per pound,
sacks not included. Have 5000 lbs.
for sale. Phone or write j. H. Gov
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

WANTED-To buy second hand suits,
overcoats, shoes, hats, etc. High
est prices paid. Pressing and clean
ing. We call for and deliver.
Phone 154 Black. H. l.. Haskell,
Mgr, 54 No. Main street, Dacotah
Hotel Block. 3-29-tf
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

LOST-Pocketbook containing notes
and mortgages and some letters.
Finder return to H. C. Hamilton,
General delivery, Minot. $500 re-
ward to finder. 4-12tf
The Ward County independent. [volume] (Minot, Ward County, N.D.) 1902-1965, 1917-04-26

FOR SALE A well established
Gents Furnishing, Hat and Clothing
Store in Minot- This stock is q
good clean one and the store is do
ing good business. Price $4,000.
Will consider partner for half in
terest. Address P. o. Box 1873, Mi
not, N. D. 4-19-tf