davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
TURNING CANDLE ENDS
AND PAPERS INTO FUEL
Women and Children in Italy and
France Making Ration Heaters
by the Million.

The National Geographic Society is
sues the following bulletin on the value
of converting old newspapers ana
candle ends into fuel and gives the
most approved method of home manu-
facture of these Invaluable ration heat
ers or trench candles for soldiers:
In Italy and France women and chill
dren are rolling old newspapers into
tight rolls. FASTING down the edges with
glue or paste and boiling them in par
ATTN to make ration heaters tscalda-
rancio) out of them for the use OF the
soldiers in the trenches in the high
Alps. where coal cannot be sent They
are making them by the million. Inc
and one-half million a day to the gov
eminent, and the old newspapers are
being used up for this purpose so fast
that they are becoming scarce and par
ATTN has become very expensive.
In America there are still millions of
candle ends and thousands of tons of
newspapers scattered over the country,
and it would seem to be well worth
while for the thousands of willing
hands IN the homes to convert them
into these most useful ration heaters
for the boys at the front, or for their
use next winter in the training camps.
or even for use at home. where they
can take the place OF the more ex-
pensive solid alcohol or replace kim
dIings In the kitchen stove.
1t is the easiest thing imaginable to
make ration heaters, or scaldarancio
as they are called in Italy. If one fol-
lows the directions OF the National ltal-
ian Society.
Spread out four newspapers, eight
sheets in all and begin rolling at the
long edge. Roll as tightly as possible
until the papers are half rolled, then
fold back the first three sheets toward
the rolled part and continue to wrap
around the roll almost to the first fold,
then fold back another three sheets and
continue to wrap around the roll again
up to the last margin OF the paper. ON
this margin, consisting of two sheets.
spread a little glue or paste and con-
tinue the rolling. SO as to make COM
pact roll of paper almost like torch.
If six of the sheets are not turned un-
der there will be too many edges to
glue.
While the newspapers may be cut
along the line of the columns before
rolling and the individual columns
rolled separately. as IL done in the
making of the trench candles in France.
ii is carrier to roll the whole newspaper
into long roll and then cut 1t into
short lengths. A sharp carving knife.
pair of pruning shears or an old
fashioned hay cutter will cut the rolls
easily. These little rolls must then be
boiled for four minutes in enough par
ATTN to cover them and then taken out
and cooled. when they are ready to be
put in bags and sent to the front. If
there are more newspapers than candle
ends block paraffin can be bought for
a few cents at any grocery or drug
store
Little children and grown-ups in Italy
and France are rolling. gluing and par
lion, and their fathers and husbands in
the high Alps and other places where
wood and coal cannot be sent are cook
Ing their rations over them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
ARMY ORDERS.

The acceptance by the President Of the resig-
nation of second Lieut.. Landon billiard 4th
Lieut.. Gel. William T. Johnston. adjutant gen
er'I wi! fr"tn this city TO Fort Des
Maj Nicholas Biddie. Signal Officers Reserve
Corps. to New York.
First Sere;- Robert Parks. Company E. 18th
lumhus. y. NJ. and will repair to his home.
The resignation of Temporary Second Lieut..
Guy Prsseii. 16tii Cavalry. is accepted by the
Lieut.. Col. John c. Gilmore. jr.. Coast Artil.
Du Pont Del. and assume command OF the
coast defenses Of the Delaware.
The resignation Of Temporary Second Lieut..
Ezekiel Bowen. sth Infantry. is acceptedo by
Can't. a. II. Ferguson. infantry, will assume
command of the citizens training camp at
Fort Smelling. MINI.
The resignation Of First Lieut.. Robert y:
Getty. IT., 18th Field Artillery. is accepted by
First Lieut.. Floyd W. Lockwood Medical Re-
serve Corps Is horiorubly discharged.
Mai. William Baird retired. is relieved from
lis present duties in this city and will proceed
Capt. James Rrrry. Medical Reserve Corps.
is hcnorably discharged.
Capt. William l.. Patterson. Signal Corps. to
The designations OF Temporary Second Lieut.
Charles II. 9'Hr,,n. ..th Infantry second Lent
and Capt. BERNARD \. Purcell euartermaster
.,ficr-s' Reserve Corps. are accepted by the
!..s, Lieut.. Samuel w Booth, jr. Engineer
Officers Reserve Corps, TO Camp Lee Petersburg,
Va.
First Lieut.. George ". Poner Medical Re
CORPS. from Fort benjamin Harrison. Ind.
to Fort McHenry. Md.
Corps. to Camp Meade. annapolis Junction: Nd
Capt. John W. Wallis. Coast Artillery Corps.
Capt. ,, Anon Cor: M.,ieal Reserve Corps.
Capt. Haiiy l.. sI.rsty, orartermaster Of
heers' Reserve Corps. 70 Honolulu. Hawaii
To the 9Th Engineers; Cstts. Howard G..
Borden and Kenneth s. Jones.
The following named officers of the Veterinary
Reserve CORPS VIII proceed TO Camp MEADE ,s an An
Engineer: Second Leuts. Hurst NJ Cameron,
Warden q. Lashbrcok and True +. West:
r5s ssaa sss5s ss'f Corps. to
First Lieut.. Ad.lhert Ames. jr.. Signal Of
To washington, + 3: csTt Paris II. For
man. Signal Corps: Gap Frederick $. Brady.
infantry. Sa''arrl >-mr-: Con- 'rt,''r W. l'os:
First Lieut.. BENJAMIN II. Harrison First Lieut..
Array; First Ii.ut. Charles E. Miner. Sanitary
Corps. Na;iona, Army: Aaj. benjamin F. Wade.
,Icre l.. BAILEY AMI William MeEkel. aviation
section. Signal Officers Reserve Corps; Ma J..
Hndd u. Gray. siGEal Corps; Capt Albert Tilt.
gtnrer Officers Res-rv" Corps: Second Lieut..
William W. Stewart. Engineer officers Reserve
Corps, and Capt. William j. Weir, Engineer
The following nar,iri officers. infantry. Ma
ticnal Army. w..i proceed TO Washington. d. C..
for duty with the cha rical shop Gnit: First
Lieuts. Earle II. BieiIi. Erwin l.. Snyder. Paul
II. Ulimer. Fred W. Piper and tetta Woodward
and Second l-sGts. james L. kenyoun. John W.
johnson. CoHkiin II. Hin'on George II. South
all. John " owen. Walter II. Linden Robert
J. MeieyHoi..s. James T.. Cpilan Herbert F..
Nes.r. Iosepn D'tira=in, Wallace y. Du Pre-,
Harvey. jr.: Forrest l.. Jones Arthur II. ellis,
Albert L. MrliirrI. and Lro tihelly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
BARGES FOR MISSISSIPPI.
Government Urged to Provide Them
to Relieve Railroads.

WINONA, Mimi. October 12.-An ap
peal to the federal shipping board to
build sell or lease, on an installment
plan, a large feet of barges. to enable
the Mississippi river to relieve the rail-
roads. all overtaxcd was voiced at the
closing session of the sixteenth annual
convention Of the Upper Mississippi
River Improvement Association here to-
day The establishment of a line of
light-draft barges. provided with pow
erful tDwboatS. such as operate on the
Rhine, was urged as a necessity to en-
able the Mississippi river to share in the
transportation burden of the nation
during the war. and be Of aid to inland
manufacturers and shippers after the
war.
President Wilkinson of burlington
declared recent trips of heavy barges
over the river with coal for St Paul.
returning with iron ore for st. Louis,
showed the I,'"u {" he rrau ticable.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
TRADE CONDITIONS.
NEW YORK

NEW YORK. October l2.-Brad.
streets Review says:
Trade continues OF large volumes,
but conservatism as regards future
buying seems to be more marked, and
the high attitudes to which prices for
materials as well as labor have SCARED
is causing enough concern to restrict
widespread trading. and. moreover.
here is disposition to wait and see
how far government price regulation
will go. Yet government orders which
flow forth to variety of lines are
more than sufficient to offset any re-
cessions in what might be termed nor
NAL operations. The situation in tho
large cities close to environments
could hardly be better, this statement
being particularly true of the south.
where operations also are animated
by the highest prices for cotton since
1865" - =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Fair Volume of Wool Business,

BOSTON. October 1.-THE Commercial
Bulletin will say tomorrow: while less
activity was noted in the Boston market
during the past week there was fair
volume of business involving practically
everything in the shape Of wool at very
firm prices. With the announcement off,
cially made that part of the $1,000 bales
promised for America out of Australia
has been shipped and the balance is about
to be shipped 1t VIII be interesting to
watch the course of the future market,
especially in view of the 225.0oO bales
additional that have been recently prom
Used . Manufacturers are still receiving
government orders and civilian demand is
reported only fair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
cHIcAGoLIxE STOCK.

CHICAGO. October 12.-Hogs-Ret
ceipts, 10 900 head: weak: bulk, 17.25a
1925; light. 16.s0a1S.20; mixed. 16SOa
1850; heavy, 16.75a1S.50; rough, 16.70a
1890: pigs, 12.0Oa16.25.
Cattle-Receipts, 5000 head: weak:
native steers. 7.20a17.40: western steers.
625a14.50: stockers and feeders. casa
11.60: cows and heifers. 5.15a12.30:
calves. 9.50a16.00.
Sheep-Receipts, 10000 head: weak:
wethers, 9.00a12.90; lambs, 13.25a1S.20.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Bankers Annual Meeting.

Monday nights meeting of the Dis
triCt Bankers Association will be held
in the New Willard Hotel. The bust
ness for the evening will include re-
ports from committees, including the
liberty loan committee, the election of
officers, discussion of the second lib
erty loan campaign and an address by
Frank A. Fanderiip. probably, on the
subject of war certificates the distri-
button of which is occupying his entire
time in Washington. Because of the
limited space available. admission will
be by card only. and restricted to two
members of each member bank. Invi-
tations have been extended to the ed
itors and business manager of each of
The local daily papers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
London Ends Week Dull.

LONDON. October 1.-THE stock
market finished the week today dull
and cheerful. There was slight cas-
Ing in the war loan, but allied bonds,
home rails and oils continued firm
South African hu~ine- "~~'etr'
mines. while shipping stocks. especial
ly Peninsular ~. Ds.e.le .
Money was scarcer and discount rates
were firm. A batch of Italian bills
was placed on the market and arrange
ments are proceeding for more Russian
bills.
Bar silver, 44H d per ounce Money,
4 per cent. Discount rates: Short bills,
AZ, per cent; three-month bills, 413-I6
per cent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Bankers Fight Bears.

Yesterdays New York stock market
witnessed the prettiest kind of an all-day
battle between the gorged and surfeted
bears and a group of bankers who We're
lined up to prevent the bears from play
ing ducks and brakes with securities. UNI
til such time as the general public recov-
cred confidence.
The bankers played the market shrewd-
~. placing scale supporting orders on
fractional declines and taking much stock
in lots OF 1000 shares, downward fIuctu-
atoms in the great speculative favorite.
Steel common. with wild cheers. We're
themselves staggered when buying orders
aggregated large amounts. covered on an
advancing scale. on which the pool prob
ably fed the demand, and bears increased
pressure when the stock dropped to 1ol q
Then the bankers again poured in their
orders. and the advance to 1041. showed
how badly they scared the bears
That they are short for tens of thou
sands Of shares is generally admitted. but
with the public thoroughly disguised with
the action of the market, further inside
support will be necessary to keep the
bears in curb
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
DAIRY MARKETS,

CHICAGO. October 12-Butter- Un-
changed.
Eggs Receipts. ABA cases: I'M
changed.
Potatoes-Figher: receipts. so cars:
Wisconsin. Michigan and Minnesota
bulk, 25a1.Sa; ditto. sacks. 135a1.4O
Poultry = Alive. higher: fowls. 22ls:
springs, 1915.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
ALONG THE RIVER FRONT.
Arrivals.

Schooner Grape Shot, from lower
Potomac point with cord wood for the
dealers; Schooner ]. T. White, at Alex
anlrla from a Maryland creek with
pulp wood for shipment to papermak
ing plants; District tug Louise, for DC
coruan towing lighters laden with coal
and other material, power boat Neddie,
at Alexandria from Virginia creek to
load merchandise to return; schooner
Majestic and power boat Juanita, at
t1th street wharf with oysters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
To Tell Troops Of Insurance Law.

Special Dispatch 10 The Star.
CAMP MCCLELLAN, October 12,-
Lieut. Murray Cobb of the Washington.
D. c., troops has left here for Wash
ington He will secure all available
data on the subject OF the new soldiers
insurance law and will explain its
workings to the troops when he gets
back so that their rights and PRIVILEGES
will be known to them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Sir Wallace Graham, Jurist. Dies.

HALIFAX, N. s.. October 12-Sir Wal
lace Graham. chief justice of Nova Scotia,
died here today at the age Of sixty-nine
He was associate counsel in preparing
the British case for the fisheries COM
mission in Washington, d. c., 1878.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Departures.

schooner Raymond, light, from 10th
street wharf for Potomac point to
load wood or lumber for the dealers
hero. schooner J. II. Dixon. light. from
nm street N-harf for n Potomac point
- i.aG and return; power boat Neddie
rom Alexandria for a river point with
,,ercbant!iee: tug NtnShip. from George
,n,t,n FOR Iadian Head with coal boats:
schooner Lottie Thomas. light, for a
lover river pciat atttr oysters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12

Men Of the new National Army, for
the first time In any section OF the
nation, yesterday afternoon gave an
exhibition drill outside their canton
ment A battalion from Camp Lee at
tended the state fair at Richmond, Va.
and for more than an hour drilled and
maneuyered before the grandstand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Change in German Airplanes

The Germans have reduced the CON-
struction of airplanes to the minimum
of time and material without apparent
~ weakening the machines. All the
liShter machines are made with fuse
lase containing no wire. stays being
stirened sufficiently by the three-ply
bent wood employed. The controls are
or the iiShtest and nimsiest sort. There
is nothing on the machines that is not
absolutely necessary. They give the
Impression of having been built like
movie properties to be used once and
then destroyed, yet they do their work
sufficiently well.
II seems to me-. remarked a British
pilot, that the German high command
mas gwen orders that Its aviation sery-
ice should be numerically superior to
tnat OF the enemy. The pilots are
harshly treated and those who fail to
execute the slightest command are dis
sraced. The result is that they have
SHOWN some Improvement in their
hGhting but it is sad to see the last
trace OF decency disappearing from the
German army"
The allied airmen. it should be re-
membered. have always been inclined
to credit some moral qualities in their
enemies in the skies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Up-River Waters,

Special Dispatch to The Star
HARPERS FERRY, w. Va, October
1.-THE Potomac and Shenandoah riy-
ers both We're clear this morning.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
WEATHER..

For tho District of Columbia and
Maryland. rain and much colder this
afternoon and tonight. Tomorrow fair
and colder: fresh northwest winds.
For Virginia. rain this afternoon and
tonight: much colder. Tomorrow fair:
colder in southeast portion; fresh
northwest winds
For West Virginia. fair in west. snow
flurries in east portion tonight and to-
morrow: colder tonight, with killing
frost.
Tide Tables.
Compiled by United States coast and
geodetic survey
Today-Low tide. Has am; high
tide. STA am. and SPA pm
Tomorrow-Low tide. 1914 am. and
1928 pm; high tide, 6 am. and 6:l7
pm.
The Sun and Moon.
Today-Sun rose. s:A4 am: sun sets.
5:34 pm.
Tomorrow-Sun rises. e:15 am; sun
sets. 5:33 pm.
Moon rises. 2:57 am: sets, e:43 pm.
Automobile lamps to be lighted one
half hour after sunset.
Records for Twenty-Four Hours.
The following were the readings OF
the thermometer and barometer at the
weather bureau for the twenty-four
hours beginning at pm. yesterday:
mometer-Yeste pm. SO:
pm. So: IL midnight. 81. Today, 4
am. 81: am. 81: IL noon. So: pm, 81.
Maximum. 60. at II am. today; mini
mum. 40 at pm. yesterday.
Temperature same date last year
Maximum. 10: minimum, 3S.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS pm, 1893: 8
pm. 5000: IL midnight. 29.9S Today. 4
Am. %, 81: am. 2e.79: IL noon. 29.75:
pm, 29.7s.
Condition Of the Water.
Temperature aud condition of water
at 8 pm: Great Falls-Temperature
Sc: condition. s. Dalecarlia reservoir
Temperature, 55. Georgetown distrib-
uting eservoir-Temperature So: con-
dition at infiuent gatehouse, ); condi
ton at eff1uent gatehouse, 5.
Weather in Various Cities
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12

Dedication OF the Ohio state Nmonu-
ment on Lookout mountain will take
place october II. Gov. Cox and a dele
CATION are expected to arrive Monday
to ofhctate at the ceremonies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Memoranda.

Schooner Oscar is due to sail from The
lower Potomac for this city with wood
Tor local dealers; schooner Ella is at a
Potomac shore to load back to this
city; schooner Elizabeth Carter is re-
ported in Nomini creek loading canned
goods for this city or Baltimore;
schooner Halle *. is due here from the
Blackstone Island oyster beds with
oysters for this market: schooner NJ Il,
She IS reported on her. way here with
lumber.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
Seasoned Industrials Fare Better.

Numerous additional statements Of
railroad earnings compiled by the In
terstate Commerce Commission accom-
panied the revival of agitation for in
creased freight rates. The report that
the railway employees east of Chicago
and north of the Potomac will demand
more pay added to the complicated con-
dtions already existing in the transporta-
ton field.
on the whole. seasoned industrials
Jared better than most other shares.
although United States Steel came with
IN easy approach of it's low quotation
even weaker.
Time and call money loans were de-
cidedly lower. but funds were not
available for stock market purposes.
Rates to some of the neutral European
countries hardened on the more re-
stricted embargo. but remittances else
where showed no material alteration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
DECLINES IN THE RAILS
FEATURE WEEKS TRADING
Touch Lowest Quotations of Year.
Liquidation of Stocks Continues.
Utilities Hit Hard.

NEW YORK, October 12.-Operations
IN the securities market this week were
curtai!ed to an extent by the observance
of a double holiday. but the process of
liquidation continued with little inter
ruption Shares of all descriptions.
particularly investment issues. added
3 to points to their shrinkage of the
past month. Utility issues were hardest
hit, suspension of the dividend on Feo-
pies Gas being preceded and followed
by extreme losses of 10 to 20 points
Declines in rails, many OF when
touched lowest quotations of the year.
and not a few for many years. excited
widespread comment. inasmuch as the
movement included shares OF hish m
trinsic value. Steady offerings of these
stocks occasioned much conjecture re-
speeding future dividends.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
PRODUCE MARKET PRICES.

Today's prices at farmers produce market
were announced by the ONCE OF weights. meas
ures and markets Of the District Of Columbia, as
follows.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12

AN ANNUITY IN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE.
Company will give certain income for life. guar
anteed by six hundred and twenty-four
million dollars. Applications received By
THOMAS P. MORGAN. Manager,
Rooms 423-429 Southern Building
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-10-12
GERMAN AV|ATORS LOSE
CASTE WITH THE BRITISH
Qualities Which Once Appealed to
Britons No Longer in Evidence.
Morale Has Changed.
BY E. PERCY NOEL.
CabIegram to The Evening Star n
Chicago Daily News. Copyrieht. 1911

1ablegram to The Evening Star and
lineage Daily News. Copyright. 1917.
PARIS, France, October 12.-Despite
their bombing of civilians and Red
cross hospitals, German airmen have
generally been regarded by British pi-
lots as less immoral than their coun-
trymen In other services of the German
army. 1 have heard many stories on
the British front arguing that the Ger
man aviators are good sportsmen. with
sense of right and wrong unknown
among the infantry. But in the last
six weeks the general morale of the
German airmen has undergone a great
change and the qualities which once
appealed to the British are no longer
IN evidence. They seem rather to have
gone to the opposite extreme
The fact that the German and British
air squadrons no longer exchange in
nation about the fate of their COM
rades by dropping notes near their re-
spect1Ve aerpdromes is only one of many
signs that the humanity they once ex-
hibited has now disappeared. Instead.
there is total disrespect for the dead
| SO lar as the Germans are concerned
The most recent proof of perfidy was
the action of the Germans in the case
or capt Guynemer. So rapacious were
> the German soldiers who first reached
the spot where the machine and body
fell that they left not even the identi-
lcation disc OF the dead pilot in their
scramble for his personal effects Com
seGuently. the first news that Can't
| Guynemer was missing drifted to the
herman headquarters from the allies
side. Then an investigation was made
ana the claim put forth that the famous
dyer was buried with military honors
at Poelcapelle. but when a British tank
invaded the territory where 1t was
claimed he was buried the falsity of the
claim was exposed. Now it is generally
doubted II he were buried at all, or, If
So 1t Is believed that his grave is un-
marked.
Vandalism No New Thing.
Vandalism among German infantry
men. however. Is no new thing. Allied
airmen. on the contrary, when they
reach the spot where their fallen foe
hes; see that he gets decent burial
with military honors. when 1t is pos
sibie To airmen. tho character Of
whose work is likely to make them
| high minded. the latest trick of the
German pilots is to wear coats taken
from vanquished British pilots. perhaps
with view to facilitate escape ii the
wearers are forced to land in British
territory. This decadence, from the al
ned airmens standpoint. may be the re-
SUIT or the enemy's increasing air
strength. Many new pilots. who had
! been rushed through their training
nave oeen among those recently brought
down one of these on-commissioned
officers, who landed behind the British
lines without being forced down. said
in perfect English:
y surrender; l don't care what YOU
90 TO nm indicating an officer observe
. - n'Itr