The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-02-15

of some private agencies, furthermore,
were well-meaning, but directed
through the wrong channels. Types
of educational facilities and instruc-
ton were provided wholly unsuited to
the immigrant type, need, and eondi-
ton, with the result that immigrant
men and women were induced to at
tend classes of no practical value eth
er to them in their life in America or
to the country as an Americanizing in
fluence.
In tracing developments since 1914,
Mr.. Wheaton declares:
Progress in every way has been
rapid, definite and extensive. Govern
mental authorities everywhere, city;
state, and federal. have expressed Sc
rious interest in the problem, and have
taken definite steps to provide ade-
quate facilities. Municipalities have
seen that the education of the immi-
grant, especially through the provis-
ion of ewing classes, is to be treated
as fundamental part of the educa-
tional system, rather than as an incl
dent or adjunct taO the day-school Sys-
tenn to be maintained or not at will, or
according to the amount of money in
the school treasury. Many of the
states, such as California, Michigan,
and New York, and particularly the
state departments of education, have
come to appreciate the fact that the
Immigrant is not merely local prob
lem. The transitory nature of his en-
ployment, and hence residence, have
been increasingly appreciated in their
bearing upon his education. While
the primary obligation of the city has
been acknowledged, both officials and
citizens have grown to see that the
secondary obligation of the state to
assist the city and the local school dis
trict in this particular type of educa-
ton is one of such imperative nature
as to demand financial assistance and
state supervision and coordination of
activities. The federal government,
especially the bureau of education, as
a. result of an investigation of facili-
ties, has come to take the stand that
inasmuch as admission Of an immi-
grant to the United States, together
with his admission to citizenship, are
both federal matters, then, equally, is
interest in his training for life and
citizenship in this country a federal
matter. With immigrants moving from
city to city and from state to state,
with different nationa1ities i in each
Estate, .and with the necessity of a
Eclearing house. of information becom-
ing more and more apparent, this fed
eral interest has been increasingly di-
rected toward the establishment of
.fundamentsf principles, policies, and
Standards, together with approved
sscTactices in this form of education.
y ! ! ,snn the other hand, private agencies
.sss Is ea4rcttffissrvgs and with public
agencies and institutions. Hence they
have increasingly adopted the practice
of establishing facilities only where
they do not exist, or where public ia
cilities can not, for financial reasons,
be made to meet the local problem.
Inc practice has become more and
more established. of placing private
facilities under the Supervision of ap-
Ipropriate, public school officials, and
of turning over to the latter such ia
'cilities as rapidly as financial and 9th
,er reasons will permit. The result is
today that the evolution of education
has forced larger measure of COOP
GRAFTON on the part of all agencies and
individuals interested in the training
of immigrants for citizenship in Am
erica. Although this is the transition
period, yet principles, policies, stand
ards, and methods are now more clear
lly delineated than ever before, while
the most effective procedure of all
cooperation-is daily teaching those
interested its potency in the Ameri-
canization movement"
A TRIBUTE TO AMERICAN DIP