davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
America Sold Allies Near
ly $4,000, 900, 900 of Food
and Munitions in 1916
SUGAR EXPORT TIMES
AS GREAT AS IN 1918
Guns, Powder and Cart.
ridges Averaged Sixty
Millions a Month
From Tie Tribune Bureau

Washington, Feb. 10.-The extent Of
the injury to America, as we'll as to
the Allies. which will be accomplished
if the German submarine campaign
succeeds was shown in official state
ments on American foreign trade to-
day, showing that the United States
had sold almost $4,000 600, 900 worth of
munitions and food to the Allies in
1916.
The trade in firearms, cartridges,
gunpowder and "other explosives" dur
ing the first twenty-nine months of the
European war was valued at nearly one
billion dollars, according to the Blu
reau of Foreign and Domestic Com
merce. For December, 1916, exports of
cartridges were valued at S4,561 ,0l9,
of gunpowder at sl2,349,157, Of "other
explosives" at s37,s45,S6 and of fire.
arms at S6,659,58l. During the earlier
months Of the war American export
trade in arms and ammunition was
small, but with the summer of 1915 it
began to grow, until the average month
ly total last year was approximately
$50, 100000, making about s720,000,0O0
for 1916.
Similarly the bulk Of American ex-
ports of foodstutfs goes to the Allies.
Last year foodstuffs to the value OF
81 ,O69, 339,3S3 were shipped out of the
country. This includes breadstuffs
valued at s471.932 100, fish valued al
1926, 1876. fruits and nuts at s37,347,-
OIL, meat and dairy products at s3l5.-
500, 1863, vegetables at s1s.555.Gi4, OF,
cake and meal at S33.254,O5l, cotton.
seed oil at SO ,39O,435, refined sugar al
800, 675,773, and all other foodstufrs
s63. 1855. $50.
These totals represent large in
creases over the export totals of 1918,
the last normal calendar year. Exports
of refined sugar, for instance. were
valued at only Sl,S73,923 in 1918. Ex-
ports Of breadstuffs more than doubled
last year, as compared with 1918; meat
and dairy products showed gain of
approximately 100 per cent, as did also
"all other foodstuffs.'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
Germany Asks U. S.
To Promise Ships
Will Not Be Seized
Wants Treaty of 1899 Construed
TO Protect Citizens and
Property in America
Prom The Tribune Bureau

Washington. Feb. 10.-To prevent the
seizure of German ships by the United
States in case of war Germany to-day
proposed through DR.. Paul Ritter, the
Swiss Minister, that the Prussian-
American treaty of 1899 be construed so
as to prevent any such action.
The treaty provides that merchants"
of either country residing in the other
shall be permitted in case of war nine
months in which to wind up their al
fairs. and that during that time they
shall not be liable TO detention nor
their property to confscation.
While there is said to be no inten-
ton OF seizing the ships-and in any
case they are believed to have been
rendered practically useless through the
destruction of their machinery-it is
doubtful if the United States will con-
sent to this Interpretation of the treaty
or to any agreement looking to the re-
affirmation Of the treaty at this time.
II is declared that Germany's declara-
ton of submarine zone of frightful-
ness is in itself a reputation of GER
tain sections of the treaty which
guarantee freedom from molestation to
the commerce of the neutral party with
the enemies of the other in case one OF
the parties is engaged in war.
international law authorities agree
that the destruction of any section OF
a treaty is equivalent to the denounce-
ment of the whole treaty, and it is eX-
pected that the United States IN the
present instance will apply this prin-
CHILE
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
Spain Will Not Yield
10 Germany, Says Premier

Paris. Feb. iO.-Premier Romanones
Z Ssain. discussing the Spanish an
l,r to the German note with Madrid
4nespondent Of the Radio Agency, is
i'sisd as saying:
Our answer to the German note was
sl.ly inspired by the peculiar situation
nd special interests of Spain. IL was
~ absolute duty, duty which is IN
'lrbsnt upon all governments, to pro-
*. tie lives and properties Of our citl-
,ts against all illegal attacks.
We drafted our answer in a spirit
= oscillation and with the full conf
'.se that the German government
rad be moved in its own conduct by
asane sentiments Of friendship tow.
- spain. But, while giving proof OF
u ecaeilistory feelings. we sought TO
'iis clear the serenity and firmness OF
s.: position. born of long and serious
sections. Our decision is TO fulfil all
Nh Of duty. however painful they
as bsr
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
Note Says Teutons Will Be
Held Responsible for
U-BOat Sinkings
HOLDS BLOCKADE
ILLEGAL, INEFFECTIVE
Expresses "Keen Desire"
to Remain Friendly,
but Defends Rights

Rio de Janeiro. Feb. 10.-The note
handed to the German Secretary OF
Foreign Affairs by the Brazilian Min
lister at Berlin, in reply to Germany's
declaration of the resumption of unre-
stricted submarine warfare, was made
public here to-day. The text is as fol-
lows:
81 have transmitted to my govern
ment by telegraph your letter Of Febru-
airy 8, in which your excellency IN
formed me of the resolution Of the i'm
rerial German government to blockade
Great Britain, its islands, the littoral Of
France and Italy and the Eastern Medi-
terranean by submarines. which would
commence operations on February !.
Your letter stated that the submarines
would prevent all maritime traffic IN
the zones above mentioned, abandoning
all restrictions observed up to the pres
ent in the employment of means for sea
fighting, and would use every military
resource capable Of the destruction of
ships.
Lives Unjustly Menaced
"The letter Of your excellency said
further that the German government,
having confidence that the government
of Brazil would appreciate the reasons
for the methods of war which Germany
was forced to take on account of the
actual circumstances. hoped that Brazil
ian ships would be warned of the dam
ger they ran if they navigated the in
terdicted zones, the same applying to
passengers or merchandise on board
any other ship Of commerce, neutral OF
otherwise.
81 have just been directed to inform
your excellency that the federal gov
eminent has the greatest desire not to
see modified the actual situation as
long as the war lasts, situation in
which Brazil has imposed upon itself
the rigorous observance Of the laws of
neutrality since the commencement Of
hostilities between nations with whom
she has had friendly relations.
my government has always observed
this neutrality, while reserving to it.
self the right, which belongs to it and
which it has always been accustomed
to exercise. of action in those cases
where Brazilian interests are at stake.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
TURKISH LINES CAPTURED
BY BRITISH NEAR KUT
Counter Attacks by Sultan's Troops
Fail, London Hears

London. Feb. l0.-The British often
sive south of Kut-el-Amara was re-
sumed successfully on Friday, says an
official statement on the campaign m
Mesopotamia issued tonight. Under
cover Of a heavy bombardment a por-
ton of the new Turkish front line west
CT the Hal River was secured and con
solidated in the face of two counter
attacks and two bombing attacks.
Further westward, the statemen,
adds. Turkish trenches were penetrated
any by successful bombing work were
secured and consolidated along fron'
of 1000 yards.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
credit, but the eighth success has not
yet been confirmed.

credit, but the eighth success has not
yet been confirmed.
When Lufbery got his seventh enemy
aviator he was so crippled with rheu-
matism that he was unable to straight
en- his back and he is now in the hos
pital. lie LONG refused TO take the sew
eral weeks leave offered him, however,
and got one man, and perhaps two,
after he seemed almost hopelessly
crippled.
Frederick Prince of the American
squadron has been sent to Pau as an
instructor, and Didier Mason has been
ordered in a similar capacity to Avord.
Lieutenant Thaw has just returned
from flying at the front. Robert Rock
we'll. who is now on leave in America,
has been made a sergeant, and the
news of his promotion was cabled to
him to-day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
Swiss to Answer Berlin
and Washington To-day

P.rii, Feb. 10.-A Berne dispatch 70
y Hsyas Agency says that the replies
ne Swiss government TO the Amerl-
~ and German notes will be sent TO
Hsshington and Berlin tomorrow.
yete. the sole sea outlet permitted
switzerland by the German subma--
ne note. is absolutely incapable OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
Blockade Ineffective and Illegal

"ln such circums tances. and while
observing always and invariably the
same principles, the Brazilian govern
ment, after having examined the tenor
Of the German note, declares that il
cannot accept as effective the blockade
suddenly decreed by the imperial gov
eminent.
Because OF the means employed TO
realize this blockade. the extent of the
interdicted zones, the absence of all re-
strictions, including the failure of
warning for even neutral ships, and
the announced intention of using every
military means of destruction of no
matter what character, such blockade
would neither be regular nor effective
and would be contrary TO the principles
of law and the conventional rules es-
tablished for military operations, of
this nature.
For these reasons the Brazilian gov
eminent, in spite of its sincere and keen
desire to avoid any disagreement with
the nations at war, with whom it is on
friendly terms, believes it to be its
duty to protest against this blockade,
and consequently to leave entirely with
the imperial German government the
responsibility for all acts which will
involve Brazilian citizens. merchandise
or ships and which are proved to have
been committed in disregard of the
recognized principles of international
law and of the conventions signed by
Brazil and Germany"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
CIVILIANS DRILL IN GALE
Two Hundred Prepare for Officers Test
at Governors Island

Two hundred civilians who hope soon
to see service in the regular army
drilled in the face Of bitter wind on
Governors Island yesterday TO prepare
for examinations, TO begin next Tues
day, for commissions as line officers in
the cavalry, field artillery and infantry.
Many Of the men have been drilled
at Plattsburg and others have been
members of military training class at
the Dewitt Clinton High School.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
Legion of Honor
for Lufbery After
Seventh Victory
American Aviator Brings Down
Last German Plane While
Crippled
by Gable to The Tribune.

Paris, Feb. 1O.-Givas Lufbery, the
champion among the Americans in the
French aviation corps, has received the
Legion of Honor after bringing down
his seventh German fier. 1t is prob
able that he has eight "Boches" to his
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11

supplying the country's needs. accord
ing to q representative of the "Matin,"
who went TO the port TO make an in-
vestigation. The traffic of Cette has
doubled since the outbreak Of the war,
but the space and equipment are the
same as in time of peace.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11

The unexpected communication we have
Just received announcing a blockade
of wide extent Of countries with which
Brazil is continually in economic rela-
tons by foreign and Brazilian ship
ping has produced justified and pro-
found impression through the immi-
nent menace which it contains of the
unjust sacrifice Of lives. the destruction
of property and the wholesale disturb
ance of commercial transactions.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
DATES OF SAILINGS
WITHHELD HERE

officials of the New York
Custom House refused yester-
day to give out any informa-
ton regarding the clearances
of vessels, their names or
manifests.
The order came from the
Treasury Department at
Washington, as a result Of a
request from the British and
French governments.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-11
.,.u Warfare Menaces All
'p;ehts and Laws of Hn-
"I manity, Says Note
aoIDS GERMANY
TO RESPONSIBILITY
oo;ots Out British May
Force Ships Into Barred
Zone for Search

usgue Feb. 10.-An official
-. p.ner issued by Holland gives
aA'. -, Of the German and Austro-
" notifications respecting the
'' 90, zones established in the sub
an. blockade and identic protests
: ,ss putch government dated Feb
ny !. .s.. ~.
:. acclaimed as dangerous IN the
''.,,,rresnean completely bars pas
- !. between Port Said and the chan
:. ~ from Gibraltar to Greece so that
,,disn route, which is essential to
.nmsrce Of Holland as a colonial
.,sr, is cut OF.
n. Dutch government recalls ITS
dc, protests against the British and
s.-r,p measures relating to the proc
,.,tiOu of war zones in the North Sea-
All sinkings Held Illegal
with All the more reason" con-
...,. the note, "the government Is
Ss,sd to object with extreme energy
.',st the regime now announced
~ no. only applies to much vaster
..,,. but also includes attacks on
.,,,ral ships, whatever their cargo or
,,,ipstion, and without discriminating
:, "a whether their presence in said
,,,s is voluntary or not"
Il is further pointed out that, even
"A Germany qualified the new meas
q, a, a blockade, the merciless de-
.,uetion of neutral ships would be
.s,,.ry to international law. when
NV permits the confiscation and not
H. obstruction of blockade runners.
germany" continues the note, does
-. nss the term blockade, and rightly
/, because it cannot be applied to sucn
~, areas and because by the rules OF
,,srrationsl law it can only be d.
ycsd against traffic with hostile ports,
IA in no wise against direct navlga-
-sr between two neutral countries.
Violates Laws Of Humanity
Vow. the German warshlps are
rJ,reS 10 destroy ships, irrespective
Z their trafficking with enemy ports
y b.,ween neutral ports.
faithful to the principle which has
I,,ys been observed in this war. the
bstr's government can only see IN
x. destruction of neutral ships VIOLA
u, Of the rights of nations, TO say
ashiag of an attack upon the laws OF
tvuri;y. il this happened regardless
d,k, security Of the persons aboard.
-Tas responsibility Of the eventua,
d,.;Yetion Of Dutch ships and loss OF
II. vii fall on the German govern
-.rt and all the more heavily IN the
'sr.eesble event Of Dutch ships be-
Il forced to enter the danger zone by
urstFsint Of adversary warships e%-
aasing the right Of search
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-27
HIGH COST OF LIVING CAN Be LOWERED;
The Woman's Army Against Waste.
LESS MEAT EATING is HOW TO DO IT.

nourish a person Of average weight
and activity.
When the cost of food prepared in
the home rises above rs cents a day
per individual there is either waste
or luxury.
This nation as a whole is over
nourished rather than undernourish-
ed. This applies not only to the total
quantity Of food consumed but to
special classes Of foods, which are the
accustomed diet Of the people.
The mos expensive foods, those Of
animal origin, are wrongfully made
the mainstay Of the diet, while the
least expensive and most healthful
foods IRE not appreciated at anything
like their full usefulness.
The most practical and effective
food economy, both from a financial
and health standpoint, is to regulate
the consumption Of meat.
Numerous examples like the follow
ing might be given to show what
foods are cheap and what foods ex-
pensive when their real function Is
measured cents worth Of rice Is
equal in energy producing qualities
to 81 cents worth of shad. One lamb
chop produces no more energy than
4 prunes and one egg has no more
energy stored up in it than 10 pea
nuts. t '
Eat to be properly nourished. not
to please an epicurean palate. Eat
for health and energy.
..r. al ia az
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-27
. = . . Q
> NODDED MENUS FOR
A WEEK OF WAR
(By Biddy Bye.)

(By Biddy Bye.)
Much of the national waste Of food
is due to the serving Of too much of
certain nutrients at a time; a menu
which contains too much starch, too
little meat and too many sweets is
far from economical.
No attempt is made in the series Of
seven emu printed today to use ma
terials and recipes not familiar to the
average cook.
Sunday.
,Breakfast-Mixed sliced fruit. corn
cakes and maple syrup, bacon, coffee.
Dinner-Cream Of asparagus and
toast, roast lamb with sage dressing,
string beans. Drowned potatoes, GU
cumber and lettuce with mayonnaise,
chocolate cake and raspberry fluff,
coffee.
snpper-Toasted cheese sand
witches, olives, fruit salad, marshmal-
low cake, tea.
Monday.
Breakfast-Stewed prunes and
cream. graham muf1ns and coffee.
Luncheon-Cream OF bean, soup,
~croutons, lettuce salad, tea.
Dinner-Lamb Pie with vegetables,
bean salad. PONCE cake, pineapple
tapioca.
Tuesday.
Breakfast-Cream Of wheat with
dates and cream French toast, coffee.
Luncheon-Asparagus on toast,
cheese and olive sandwiches. cream
Dinner-Lamb stew with rice,
string beans, radishes, rhubarb pie.
Wednesday.
Breakfast-Strawberries and UNI
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-27
SurgicaI Dressings.

The surgical dressings committee in
its quarters'a at the city hall is especial
ly busy at the present time, with the
classes thai are in progress, and the
work that is being don toward help
ing to supply the great number of
surgical dressings hat have beer call
ed from the Red Cross headquarters
at Washington.
Special communications have been
mi to all chapters emphasizing the
very serious need Of quantities of the
dressings, and the committee of the
local cahpter is anxious that as many
women of the city as possible will
volunteer to help in the preparation
of them. There are a good many
who have, and are helping daily, but
there is need and room for more to
join this band of workers. No special
invitation to help should be deemed
necessary. Any women of the city
who desire to enlist their services in
this branch of the relief work will
be cheerfully welcomed, and will find
plenty to do.
Following is the schedule that has
been arranged for the week, all Of
the women supervising having re-
Gently graduated in the course that
is prescribed: :
Monday morning, Mrs. j. D. Bacon;
Monday afternoon. Mrs. Paul john
son; Tuesday morning, Mrs. Stewart
Griggs; Tuesday afternoon, Mrs. e.
Lovejoy; wednesday morning, Mrs. e.
G. Allen; Wednesday afternoon, Mrs.
Jonathan Watson; Thursday morning,
Mrs. w. H. Witherstine; Thursday
afternoon, Mrs. G.. j. Murphy; Fri
day morning. Mrs. w. A. Mcintyre;
Friday afternoon, Mrs. J.. D.. Bacon.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-27
New Organizations.

A~uxiliaries to the Grand Forks Red
Cross chapter were organized yester-
day at Emerald and Arvilla, where
two enthusiastic meetings were at
tended by the extension committee
from the Grand Forks chapter. Miss
Susan I. Maloney, chairman Of the ex-
tension committee, with some Of the
committee members, Mrs. T. ]. Smith,
Mrs. E. E. Sherman, Mrs. L. P. Col
born and Mrs. H. B.. Finch perfected
the organizations at both places, and
demonstrated the work that is to be
started by the auxiliaries.
Edwin Franklin was chosen chair
man of the auxiliary at Emerado,
where there is a charter membership
of forty, and his assistants will be
Mrs. Frank Morey. secretary, and
Mrs. A. A.. Hood, treasurer. Here the
new members who lave started out 50
brisk1y, are taking up the making OF
hospital shirts, apajamas, some Of the
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-27

the Fourth Westminster company, and
Miss Alice Gardner Of the First VIM.
bledon company, served as orderlies to
General Pershing during his stay in
London. The fact that this service
was rendered at the request of the
English war office adds to the inspira-
ton and impressiveness of the action.
America will soon come to realize,
as England has already done, that
these girls IRE of real value to the
country in any emergency. Many
educators and educational
institutions have already recognized
the value Of scout training in building
character and developing resourcefui-
ness among girls. When the plans are
put into operation, which are now be-
ing perfected. for the Girl Scouts to
work directly under the guidance Of
the National Council for Defense, the
achievements Of these girls In wal
work will be brought to the attention
of the public. The organization is adj
ding two thousand or more members
to its list of registered scouts each
month, and it seems destined to enroll
under its standard Of industry, useful.
ness and loyalty, the girlhood OF
I America.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-27
JUST CHEESE:
NOW RECOGNIZED AS MOST
H~EAITHFUL MEAT sUBsTI-
TUTE.

Few people in this country eat
cheese in sufficient quantities.
1t is used more often simply as an.
appetizer o. as a.seasoning for some
other food.
Nearly every one relishes good
American Cheddar or store cheese,
but there is an impression it is indt-
gestible andsconstipating.
Even when eaten in large guam
titles and for long periods, no case
OF indigestion. constipation or other
disturbance was observed in those
who ate 1t.
One man who ate cheese as the
chief source Of both, protein and en-
ergy, eating an average Of 9.27 ounces
daily, with bread and fruit, for more
than two years, did a fair amount OF
muscular work and kept in good
health.
American Cheddar cheese ds q very
satisfactory substitute for meat. It
can be kept In storage for a long time.
and contains much food in small vol
ume.s. For instance, one pound OF
good store" cheese contains as much
body building material as 1.51 pounds
of sirloin steak; LBS pounds Of round
steak 1.89 pounds OF fowl; 1.T8
pounds Of smoked ham or 1.81
pounds of fresh ham.
In regard to energy supply cheese
is also one OF the best food products
for on the basis of energy supplied
one pound OF cheese equals 1893
pounds Of sirloin steak; 2.61 pounds
OF round steak; 2.52 pounds Of fowl:
pounds OF fresh ham.
~ EEzEtuNN1T 49,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-27
BY DR.. Eugene Lyman Fisk.
medical Director Life Extension
I Tnstft1,ta \ 9E .Ul1

Instftute.)
Volumes have been written, speech
es delivered and riots precipitated
over the subject of the. high cost OF
living.
That the cost of the primary neces-
saries Of life has increased to a point
that should cause hardship, privatfon
or undernourishment among even
small wage ea"ners Is not altogether
true, although the high cost of living
has indeed necessarily narrowed and
limited the diet Of those with small
incomes.
Privation is primarily due to ig-
norance of how to expend, money for
the necessities, or to improvidence in
expenditure for what a few years ago
would have been regarded as lux
uries.
With every desire to be economical,
with real patriotic feeling about the
food situation, many people are
wasting food for lack Of knowledge
of how to prepare it or how to utilize
1t to the best advantage.
Food costs little-if what the body
really needs is considered. Fifteen
cents 9. day has been demonstrated
as sufficient to buy plain, simple,
palatable food (hot pork and beans,
bread and butter, milk and coffee and
the fuel to cook it) that will amply