davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Mrs. Martin r. Stalcv.

Suffolk. Jan. ,5.--After an Illness OF
months. Mrs. Martha Frances Staley,
wife of Dr. w. w Staley. of the Suf-
folk Christian Church. died yesterday
morning at Lakeview Hospital at s
o'clock.
Mrs. Staley came to Suffolk from
her home in Franklinton, ". c., on
October 25. hoping to gain health, but
has steadily grown weaker until the
end.
She is survived by her husband. DR..
w. w, Staley, who for the past thirty
five years has been pastor of the Suf-
folk Christian Church; three daugh-
ters. Mrs Thomas F. Cheatham. Of
Roxboro. y. c.; Miss Annie Staley, OF
Franklinton. n. c.. three grandchil-
dren, William Staley Cheatham, Flor.
ence Patricia Holden and Ben T.
Holden, Jr.; her aged mother, Mrs.
Rebecca Pearce. now in the ninety
fifth year OF her age. and a sister,
Mrs. J. l.. Mitchell, of Franklinton,
n. G..
Mrs, Staley was direct defendant
OF Abigail Suarre. or Sugar, the first
white woman to cross the Roanoke
River and to settle in North Carolina,
and was related to some OF the most
prominent people OF the State She
and heart, and put the work of her
husband in the Christian ministry
| first in all things.
This afternoon at o'clock in the
auditorium of the Christian Church
funeral services were held, in the
charge OF Rev. DR. l. w Johnson
who was assisted by Rev. II. H. But
Ter and Rev. DIR. G. II. Rowland. of
Franklin. number of promin ent
ministers of the Christian denomina-
ton were present, among them DIR.
w. II. Denison. of Norfolk; Rev J. l..
Foster, of Wayerly: Rev. DIR. w. D..
HARDWOOD. OF Dendron. and the min
listers OF the Suffolk churches, Rev w.
A. Hall. of the Suffolk Presbyterian
Church; Rev. J. F. Coleman. of st.
Paurs Church; Rev. ]. Arthur VIM,
of Ma.n-Street NJ. f. Church; Rev.
G. r. Greene. OF oxford NJ. r. Church:
+ Rev. G. r. Lumpkin, of the Baptist
Church, and Rev Lee I.assiter.
The body will be taken early Sat-
urday morning over the Seaboard Air
Line to Franklinton, n. c.. where at
II O'Clock, in the home church OF the
deceased, a brief service will be held.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

Himmelwright. a great deal OF whose
life was spent in York County. near
Magruder, on the farm known az
"Cappahoosic." will be panied to hear
of her death on December 20. She
was the mother of Mr.. Gabel G. Him
MCKNIGHT, well known and highly es-
teemed in this section. and who often
visits this city and Captain e. w.
Maynard at Biglers. The followin &
death is copied from the Pottstown
tPa.) Ledger of December 80:
Mrs. Sarah X Himmelwright,
widow of Charles X. Himmelwright.
died last evening at 1880 O'Clock at
her late residence, No. rs South Han
over Street. of pneumonia, resulting
from a slight cold two weeks ago.
Her age was seventy fdnr years ten
months and ten days, She was born
in this borough. a daughter of the
late Henry II. and Fredericka Gabel.
although she resided in Williamsburg.
Va. for number of years. Fourteen
years ago she again took up her resi-
dence here. G. G.. Himmelwright, one
OF the two surviving sons, of Newport
News, Va. was at the bedside when
Mrs. Himmelwright died William G
Himmelwright, of Frankford, Ind, is
another SON.
She resided with her sisters. Miss
Emma Gabel and Mrs Barbara Fitz-
simmons. Other sisters are Mrs
Robert J. Baldwin. this borough, and
Mrs. Angelina Gilbert, of Philadelphia
Mrs. Himmelwrigh attended the En-
manuel Lutheran Church. The fu-
neral Is on Wednesday at 3 P. NJ. and
interment at Mt. Zion Cemetery"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
STOCKHOLDERS APPROVE
SOUTHERN MORTGAGE
Funding and Improvement Bonds nj
Az Are to Replace Development
and General ga.

At general meeting here yesterday
stockholders OF the Southern Railway
Company approved the plan recon
mended by the board OF directors for
the creation % new refunding and
improvement mortgage and Al per
cent bond issue to replace olfstand-
ing development and general mortgage
4 per cent bonds surrendered by their
holders, The plan approved provides
for the deposit OF development and
general mortgage 4 per cent bonds with
the Bankers Trust Company and Depos-
tory, New York.
Shortly after the stockholders as
sembled to take up the plan objection
was made by c. II. yenner. OF New
York. who moved adjournment His
motion was defeated by vote OF j..
2S6.1o0 shares to 700.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
NORFOLK.S DEATH RATE
LOWEST IN IT'S HISTORY.

Norfolk. Va, Jan. 5.--Norfolk' S
death rate for the month of November
1916. was the lowest in the history of
the city in proportion to the popula-
ton.
According to the official estimate
OF the U. S. Census Department of July
I, 1916. Norfolk's. population was So
-el2; -of-wh lch-h6- 3S2-n aare-white and
33.230 colored In the report of the
City Health Department for November
1t Is shown that the total death rate
per 1000 persons per annum was 1l.a.
The percentage OF white deaths was T.
and that OF colored ISL: this also in
cludes non-residents The total death
rate for November 1915. was 14.9, while
the lowest prior to November. 1916, was
~
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
A. w. Maxwell.

Fredericksburg. Va. Jan. 5.-Mr
A. w. Maxwell died at his home ir
East Durham, N. c.. Tuesday, aged
81 years. He Is we'll known in this
section. having resided at Broken
burg several years. He Is survived by
his wife and five children-Mr. e. H.
Maxwell. of Montousville, Pa: Mrs.
willard Ratnes, of this city: Mr..
Blonde r.. Oscar l.. and Grace r.
Maxwell. OF East Durham. N. c.. and
two sisters and four brothers. The
funeral took place from the home of
his daughter. Mrs. Willard Raines, on
the National Boulevard. Thursday at
IL A. NJ, services by Rev. r. c. Gill
more. Interment in City Cemetery.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
PHARMACY APPLICATIONS
MUST BE IN TODAY

Applications for registration to
practice pharmacy in Virginia must
be In the hands of Secretary Brands,
OF the State Board of Pharmacy. be-
fore his office closes today, If they
are to be acted on at the quarterly
meeting of the board. to be held on
January Is. The sessions OF the
board will be held in the Medical Col
lege OF Virginia. Up to yesterday
comparatively few applications had
been made for registration, and 1t Is
not considered likely that the total
will be more than twenty-five.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Baruch's Denial.

New York, Jan. 5.-B. NJ. Baruch a
New York broker mentioned in con-
nection with the peace note Teak"
sent tonight the following message to
the International News Service from
Georgetown, s. C: Il received no ad-
vance information or tntimatton from
any source whatsoever regarding the
Presidents peace note. nor did lunch
or confer with Mr. Tumulty at the
Biltmore or at any other place"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Mrs. COrnclia Bassett.

Smithfeld. Va, Jan. 5.-The
funeral of Mrs. Cornelia Bassett. rs
years old. who died in the home of
her son, William II. Bassett. In Ports
mouth, was brought to Isle OF Wight
County for burial Mrs. Bassett is
survived by one daughter, Mrs. j. c.
Overman, two sons. A. r. and w. H.
Bassett. of Portsmouth, and one
brother, Calvin Roberts. widely
known citizen of Isle Of Wight County.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Mrs. Susie A. Fouroureau

Lynchburg. Jan. b.--Mrs Susie An.
toinette Fourqurean, aged seventy
seven. widow OF w. NJ. E. Fourqurean
died Wednesday night at His O'Clock
at the home of her son. Frank Four
qurean, l15 Federal Street, pellagra
being the cause of her death. She was
native OF Amsterdam, Holland. but
came here more than forty years ago
from Philadelphia, where she lived for
time. and where several brothers
and sisters are now residing
Mrs. Fourqurean was a member OF
Grace Memorial Episcopal Church
and Is survived by the following chill
dren:- John Il addow,- of Ports
mouth; Frank and Warren Fourqu-
rean. Miss Annie D. Fourqurean and
Mrs. Henry A. Fortune. of Lynchburg,
and Mrs III. c. Rosbery, of Cullen,
Charlotte County.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
POSTMISTRESS OBTAINS SIX
RECRUITS FOR ARMY

Washington. Jan. 6.-Vina C. Null
link, postmaster at Wilder, Tenn, was
the armys best individual recruiting
agent during December.
Under the section of the national
defense act appointing postmasters
recruiting agents she obtained six re-
cruits for the regular service from a
town OF 500 population, The gov
eminent pays SIS per man.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

Riddick be not accepted and he be
dismissed" Riddick will be formally
notified of the boards action today.
IL Is said
In regard to the other matters
which have arisen incident to the
Thomas investigation. nothing was
done by the board. Certain charges
have been preferred against the sup
erintendent of schools which the board
did not care to discuss. DR.. Chandler
did not feel that he was called upon
to make a statement just now.
When asked last night II he wished
to make a statement for publication.
Mr.. Riddick said he thought II best
not to talk at this time.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

their Lafayette branch office from
their Chicago main office a telegram
stating that the President was send
ing most important communication
to the beiligerents and advising short
selling
Results In Volicy of Questions.
The mention of the names OF Secre-
tary Tumulty and r II Boiling re-
suited in "A voiley Of questions directed
at Representative Wood. When asked
II he was able 10 produce the dates
OF the alleged brea fast table confer
ences of Tumulty and Raruch at the
Biltmores Hotel in New York. Wood
said that he did not carry the dates
In mind. but that his informant mem
toned the conferences without at
tempting 10 report the subject matter.
Wood produced the letter for the COM
mittee's record.
Did politics influence your action
in introducing this resolution" de-
handed Representative Garrett.
II hope not" replied wood, land 1
will answer No"
Further. Wood declared that he was
reliably informed that the authenti-
Gated sheets of all stock transactions
were kept by the Stock Exchange
and that the dates and participants
in all deals could thus be run down.
Leak Day Ahead of Note.
Considerable time was exhausted
by the committee In trying to ascer-
tain when the leak" information was
first in the hands of the Wall Street
spectators.
From twenty-four to forty-eight
hours before II was made public to
the country" answered Wood with
vigor
Dcnials Vigorous.
The dcnials. which flew thick and
fast behind the public mention of the
names of the various alleged partici-
pants in the leak" information, in
cluded the following from Otto II.
Kahn:
Representative Henry;
Chairman Rules Committee.
The statement reported to have
been made before your committee by
Representative Wood concerning me
is without the remotest basis of fact.
had no Idea of advance inforna-
ton. direct Or. indirect. in connection
with the Presidents note or the So
called leak. 1 have never sold a
share of stock short in my life, nor
have | advised anyone to do so, either
on this or any other occasion. re-
quest to be called before your com
mittee at once. so that I may con-
tradict, under oath. the calumny to
which Representative Wood has not
hesitated to give currency. not only
without shadow of Justification. but
without the slightest attempt to as
certain the facts"
MFR. Bolling's Denial.
F. II. Boiling. Mrs. Wilson's brother
made the following statement:
1T is absolutely false that I had
any advance knowledge Of tie Ger
man peace note. The first / heard
of it was when New York corre-
spondent advised US by wire or the
news.
1T Is true that I am connected with
f. A. Connolly & Company, stock
brokers, but / am willing at any time
to allow our books to be inves. gated:
also. am. ready at any tina. to APP
pear before any investigating commit
tee. AS a matter OF fact, we had add
yfsed our clients weeks before the So
called leak happened that the mar
ket was overloaded on Industrial
stocks and advised against their pur-
chase
Representative Wood said tonight
In response to Secretary Tumultys
denial Of his knowledge OF the Presi-
denis peace meEea e; u.
~ voyy cnEoxul not ~ mention
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
DEATHS.

TILLY R.-FRANCES DEININGER
TILLYER, wife of William Tillyer.
died In Philadelphia. Pa. Thursday.
January 4. 1917.
Funeral will be held from the resi-
dence Of her niece. Mrs. e. c. Pc
louze. 1000 W. Grace Street, city. at
aP. NJ Saturday. Interment In Hol-
lywood.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Elnheno WiIliarnn.

Elpheno Williams. aged seventy
a veteran of the Confederacy, died
yesterday at the Soldiers Home. He
served during the War Between the
States as member of Company A.
Eighteenth Virginia battalion. heavy
artillery One brother. Cassander Will
liams, of Petersburg, survives
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
DR.. CORMAN BACK
TO TAKE UP PRACTICE

DR.. J. r. German, former resident
physician at Virginia Hospital, who,
since completion of a post graduate
course at Harvard University, has been
In charge OF one Of the New York
State Hospitals for Infantile Paralysis,
has returned to the city to~engage in
general practice OF his profession.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Funeral OF Mr.. Dance.

Funeral services for T. J. Dance,
whose death occurred suddenly We'd
nesday night at his home, 1900 Ems
low Avenue. were conducted from
I.aurel-Street Methodist Church at
o'clock yesterday afternoon. The
funeral was largely attended by
friends and by representatives of the
several secret orders of which he had
been a member Interment was in
Hollywood Cemetery.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Funeral Of Mrs Nancy F1ovd

Roanoke, Va, Jan. 5.-The funeral
Of Mrs. Nancy Floyd. who died Wed
nesday night at the homo OF her
daughter. Mrs. Joseph Spencer, will
take place at the Church OF the
Brethren this morning at 10 o'clock.
The remains will be taken to Lynch
burg for interment
Mrs. Floyd was eighty-six years old.
She leaves a daughter. Mrs. Joseph
Spencer. of this city. and a son. w.
A. Floyd. OF Richmond
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
John g. Funk

Harrisonburg. Va. Jan. 6.---John s.
Funk. 50 years old, a wealthy farmer
and stockman, died Wednesday at
Singers Glen. He was proprietor OF
the Glen Stock Farm, chairman OF
the district school board and trus-
tee of Rockingham Memorial Hos
pital.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
GADDY GIVEN TEN
YEARS BY JURY

Percy Gaddy. one of the negroes who
made their escape from the Henrico
County jail in December, was yester-
day sentenced to ten years in the pen
itentiary on two felony charges by the
grand jury. For the theft OF a horse
from James Oliver he was given five
years. and n like term was given for
entering and robbing the store of w
C. Saunders, at Glen Allen.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
James III. Milietf.

Portsmouth, Va, Jan. 5.--James H.
Millett. II years old. died yesterday in
his home at Park View, His funeral
will take place Sunday afternoon. Be-
sides a widow. he leaves two sons,
William c. Mllett, of Boston. Mass.
and James H. Millett. Jr., of the
United States navy.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

South Boston. Va. Jan. 5.-The
funeral OF Herbert J. Evans, twenty
seven years old, who died in Danville.
took place from the residence in West
End, and burial was in Oak Ridge
Cemetery Yesterday afternoon. Ser
vices were conducted by the woodmen
OF the World
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Mrs, w, II. Pratt,

Mrs. w. r. Pratt, 50 years old, died
Wednesday in her home at Port Royal,
Caroline County She was Miss Mary
Marshall. of Erie. Pa, and her body
was taken to that place yesterday for
burial
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Y. M. n. A. TO HEAR
LOUIS |. JAFFE SUNDAY

The first membership meeting of the
Young Mems Hebrew Association for
the season will be held Sunday night
at o'clock. An address will be made
by Louis |. Jaffe
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

The pallhcarers were: Mcssrs. T. J.
Walker. c. f. Talley, Gus Stevens.
Eustace Talley. j. W. Thompson and
Thos. Rogers.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Mrs. Lydia n. Martz.

Harrisonburg, Va. Jan. 5.-Mrs,
Lydia n. Martz. II years old, wife of
c. NJ. Martz, died Wednesday. She
is survived by one child. Mrs. Roy
Coffman. of Harrisonburg. and a SIS
ter. Mrs, Sallie c. Jones, Of Anderson.
Ind
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
THE WEATHER
tUAited states Department e
Agriculture. weather Bureau.l

Forecast for Saturday and Sunday:
For Virginia and North and South
Carolina-Fair and colder Saturday
Sunday probably fair.
The temperature will be considera bly,
lower Saturday throughout the ATTAIN
tic States. The weather will be gem
ally fair during the next forty-eight
hours over the region east of the Mis-
sissippi River.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
ATTENDED rnther,. Funeral.

Mrs. Robert F. Kaehler. 621 Seminary
Avenue. Ginter Park has returned
home from Detroit. where she attend
Cd the funeral Of her father. She was
u accompanied by her sister. Mrs. Henry
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

Mr.. Thomas l.. Blanton. president of
the Richmond Dairy Company, is liz
At his residence. 400 West Franklin
~ V041 u
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
OBITUARY
Mrs. william d. TiIlyer.

Funeral services for Mrs. William
Deininger Tillyer. who died in the
Hannemann Hospital Philadelphia, on
Thursday, will be held at 3 p. NJ,
today at the home OF her niece. Mrs.
r. c. PelouZe. 200 West Grace Street.
Services will be conducted by DR.,
Craighill. of the Barton Heights
Episcopal Church. and interment will
be in Hollywood Cemetery.
Mrs. Tillyer. who was the wife OF
William Tillyer. Of Philadelphia. made
her home in Richmond for humble,
OF years. moving to Pennsylvania
about four years ago. Besides a grea,
many friends In Richmond she /.
survived by two nieces. Mrs. f. c
Pelouze and Mrs. Knox Crutchfield
and by one nephew, Charles Tillyer
all Of Richmond. Her death Thurs
day came after very short illness.
Charles =. sturdivant.
Charles f. Sturdivant, brother o.
George W. Sturdivant. died last nigh
at his residence. No. 10 South Linder
Street. after a long illness. He is sur.
vived by one brother and one sister
The funeral arrangements will be an.
nounced later
Mrs. G. X. Hfmmclwright.
Williamsburg. Va. Jan. S.--Tht
many tormax friends a l9rA e
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Local Rain fall.

Rainfall last twelve hours.
Rainfall last twenty-four hours.
Deficiency in rainfall since March
Excess In rainfall since January
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

Local. temperature Yesterday.
IL noon, temperature ........ &C
P, M. temperature .... 6;
F. Nj. temperature ............ 5s
Maximum temperature TO p. NJ g.
Minimum temperature to s p. 81. 8.
Mean temperature .......... As
Normal temperature .,........... 81
Excess in temperature yesterday II
Excess In temperature since Jam
uary l...... ...... ...... -. 2:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06
Charles =. sturdivaut
Chnrlas Il Sfundiyanf hrn4ha-

Mrs. c. X. Himmclwright.
many tormsx friends a l1rA Gs
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-01-06

their Lafayette branch office from
their Chicago main Office a telegram
stating that the President was send
ing a most important communication
To the beiligerents and advising short
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-04-22

again. It is clear, too, that the British
have already accomplished at Arras what
the Germans wholly failed TO accomplish
at Verdun, and have won the greatest sue
cess in Western trench warfare.
So much for the British attack. Now,
one week later, after another intense bonn
bardment, the French are beginning to
attack between Rheims and Scissors. And
the position they are attacking answers
exactly to the description Of the hinge Of
the other door. The key Of the position is
the Craonne Plateau, wholly comparable
with the Vimy Ridge TO the north. The
ground over which the French are attack
ing is the most easily defensible position
left to the Germans between Argonne and
the Disc. The dominating feature, thl era
onne Plateau, is where Bluecher blocked
Napoleon in the Marine campaign of 1914
II the French can penetrate through the
German lines on this plateau they will
cut the whole German system of tire inches
between the sea and the Mouse, and the
British and French advance north and
south will take on the character Of pincers
closing on the whole German centre be.
tween Lens and Rheims.
In September, 1915, after the Battle Of
the Marine, the French and the British
we're halted. along the front that, The
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-04-22
Pivoh Now Attacked

Mainline Allied strategy had conformed
tie new situation. All along Haig and
NVsls had planned to strike at the ap-
Nal<c moment Where they had intend
lie strike we do not know, but it was
"s' Is soon as the German retreat began
q Z would no longer be possible for
Wal months TO attack between Arras
= soissons, and that any immediate Of
ave would have to be made either north
sNeih Of the extremities of the so-called
-1saourg line. This situation the Allied
~-'anders accepted, and chose as their
eS'a o. attack the two pivots Of the re-
.s German movement, which were the
" Ridge, north Of Arras, and the
''ans Plateau, east Of scissors. A very
Fs hgure may serve to illustrate the
-'''on The German retreat may be
=" 70 the closing Of the old-fashioned
-~ barn door, swinging inward on its
" Before the retreat began the Ger
Nnnon somewhat resembled the angle
" he halves partially open. When
sess was completed the German po-
~ 'eembled the door closed. The
: attack was directed at the hinges
= e'ors which swung on the vimy
md the oraOnne Plateau.
british attack was one Of the most
Incidents of the whole war, and
-. ''aaln the measure of the achieve
i. es British in making new army.
''mbardment which reached its
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-04-22

told us. AS to its capacity for resisting
we do not know.
The three phases of trench attack are
illustrated by three great trench battles.
In Champagne, in 1915, the French pene-
trated the first line of the German de-
fences and were checked at the second. AS
piercing operation it was failure and
came to an abrupt end. The second phase
is illustrated by the battle of Brusiloff, in
Galicia, last year, when, having penetrated
the Eastern trench lines on a wide front,
he was, after number of weeks, held by
German attacks before he had effected
such breach in the Eastern front of the
Central Allies that the whole front had to
be withdrawn The third phase is illus
trated by Mackensen's attack in Galicia
in 1915, when at Gorlice he broke the whole
Russian trench system and, penetrating
behind the Russian line, dislocated the
whole Russian front from the Baltic to
Rumania and compelled the ultimate evac-
uation of Galicia and the loss of Poland.
At present the problem in the Battle Of
Arras is whether it will terminate in the
second phase, which it has now entered, as
did Brusiloff's attack, or if it will be sue
cessful as was Mackensens and compel the
German retirement out of France. These
two possibilities are TO be borne in mind