davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-03-18
FOUR BURNED TO DEATH.
Lodging House in Cleveland Destroy.
ed by Fire-Reporter Injured.

CLEVELAND. Ohio, March 17.-Four
men were burned to death here last
night when fire partially destroyed the
Palisades lodging house in the down
town district. Fifty men in the build
ing fed when the alarm was sounded
The four victims were trapped on the
sixth floor. The roof caved in on them
Several dodgers were slightly burned
Harry O'Rourke. a reporter covering
the flre. sustained four broken ribs
when the fire escape fell and struck
him.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

The present revolt in all but its re-
suit vastly resembled the one in 1905.
w h effort
Car Agrees to was made by the
Legislative Body. a greater voice
in the affairs of government. Out of
that revolt it may be said the victory
of the present grew. Following the
signing of a peace treaty with Japan
and following a long series of internal
crises brought on by the arrogant re-
fusal to consider the peoples needs,
there was presented to the emperor
demand for a popular branch of the
government. where the will of the peo-
pie might at least be voiced, if not car
ried out. This move was considered
rank treason by the bureaucrats sur
rounding the czar. He gave some meas
decision time after time. The people
grew restless and the liberal elements,
bolder than they had been in years,
initiated revolt against the emperor,
What happened is matter OF history
The emperor finally agreed to create a
legislative body of two chambers-the
duma and the council of the empire
Never, however, did these exert any
great lnlluenCe up until present " al
started The czar, having the right to
order suspensions of the sessions of the
duma, frequently used this power, par
ticularly when utterances on the part of
members of the body were in danger or
intlaming the people.
The bureaucratic clique surrounding
the czar was ever alert to see that the
emperor did not go too far in needing
the demands of the people, for 1t may
be said that these demands in late years
were aimed at the death of the prevail
ing system of things.
Emperor Nicholas, after the revolt IN
1905, indulged in an orgy OF measures
for the suppression of the popular will.
AS in the days of his father-AleXander
III-the Siberian prison camps were
largely used The disciples of revolu-
ton, the preachers of social democ-
racy, all those advocating the over
throw of the government were scotch
ed to the best ability of the perfected
governmental system of supressing
things. The czar at all times after
early in this reign leaned more and
more toward the bureaucrats, for he
fully believed that the perpetuation of
adherence to aristocracy. He mistrust-
ed new governmental doctrines preach
ed over the world. He frowned on their
spread in Russia. He at all times APP
proved any measure that would tend
TO perpetuate the Romanoff dynasty.
The ahdication of the emperor at the
present juncture is an act to this end
He saw the handwriting on the wall. IL
was much easier for the car to abdi-
cate in favor of his son than it was to
stand the chance of complete overthrow
and the establishment of complete
and republican form of
government.
Evening star., 1917-03-18
Aggregate Miles of British Front.

AS it stood at the time of the battle of
the Somme the British held about 100
miles of the 450 of the western front:
twenty-five miles. releasing at least two
French armies and occupying all of the
ground over which the French made
great battle of last summer. This last
extension of the British lines was the
most considerable British expansion at
any one time during the war.
The question of numbers remains one
about which no authoritative inforna-
ton is available. We have been told by
British ministers in the house of COM
mons that the British have upward of
100000 men in France. OF these l
should guess that rather more than
half were actually on the line and large
numbers in the reserve stations and in
the training camps behind the line.
But il must be remembered that many
thousands of men are actively engaged
In transport and in the necessary work
of supplying and reftting the forces in
the field. o..
Thus the whole of the French region
north of the Somme and between the
channel and the front has been trans
formed by the British. The five armies
depend. of course, upon the channel
ports for their supplies. Havre. Rouen,
Calais and Boulogne have become al
most entirely affected to British serv-
ice, and, for the moment. are in many
French towns. Cities like Calais have
been transformed into huge manufac-
turing places, vast Industrial works are
going forward, and the French popu-
lation has found a ready market for
its labor and production, and the por-
tion of France occupied by the British
is enjoying "a prosperity probably un-
equaled in its history.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

If the operations of the British in
the near east have been important and
interesting the
British Drawing act vities OF
Gen. Haig's men
Closer to Bapaume. on the western
front have been equally SO. The Britt
ish continue their process. OF gradually
eating their way toward BApaurne.
(Contnued on Seventh Pagal
Evening star., 1917-03-18
"PeopIe's Will Must PrevaiF'
Is Sentiment Causing Over
throw of Old Car.
BRILLIANT SUCCESSES
FOR ALLIES IN BATTLE
In Near East and on Western
Front Entente Armies
Move Ahead.
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.

''The hour has struck when the VIII
of the people must prevail"
In all future centuries this thrilling
statement of NJ. Rodzianko. president
of the Russian duma. in his message
of defiance to Emperor Nicholas will
stand out as a mile post in the de-
velopment of human civilization.
This stirring utterance, ushering in
as it did the throwing off of the iron
hand of an extremely intolerant bu
reaucratic system of government. to-
day must be etched deep in the minds
of all Russians who have the future
welfare of their nation at heart.
1t is the key which has unlocked
the doors releasing millions of people
from darkness out into the warmth
and brightness of sunshine
1t is the tocsin of freedom, the crys-
tailiZaton OF that centurfes-old hope
locked in the breasts of the patriotic
peasant and the aristocrat.
Through this trenchant expression
Russia says to the world: 81 no longer
tread the paths of mystery, oppression
and suffering. l am revealed a stronger
and better nation. With the same pa
tience that l have long suffered under
the Calling yoke Of the few. 1 now
x
things. L will set my feet on the
highway of progress. There shall be
no turning backward. There shall be
cemented bonds between the rich and
the poor. All shall be governed justly
The interests of one shall be the in
terests of ALL"
Russia is in the throes of being re-
deemed to herself. Emperor Nicholas
abdicated during the week in the face
of the gigantic wave of wrath which
had been gathering about his throne
new emperor has taken his place
a weaklfng son. but a stronger brother,
has been chosen as regent.
But 1T is not so much the fact that
there is a new emperor and that there
is regent that interests the world
and has caused the successful revolu-
tion in Russia to attract the atten-
tion it has, but the fact that along
with the abdication of the old emperor
and the seating of the new there was
at once established constitutional
monarchy, in which the voice of the
people in governmental affairs possi
bly, truly will be heard through the
centuries to come.
Not only has the emperor stepped
down, but practically the whola Cav
Evening star., 1917-03-18
New Government
Facing Difficulties.

of the nation, faces extreme difficulties
however. 1t yet remains to be seen
whether the whole Russian army will
stand by the duma. That it will is
almost unquestioned, for the Russian
army is fighting as any army desires
to fight, the single object being to de-
feat the enemy.
The very fact that the old Russian
government refused to furnish straw
Evening star., 1917-03-18
Unrest Grows as
Peace Is Feared.

to make offers of separate peace
with Germany--a decidedly unpopular
course-grew apace. When the duma
finally was assembled and, owing to
outbreaks against the government. dis
solved by imperial ukase, all of tho
best elements of Russia, headed by the
duma itself, realized that action must
be taken.
The suffering in Russia in recent
weeks has been keen. There has been
much industrial trouble. workmen in
Petrograd and other large cities strik-
ing in protest against the lack of food
and against working conditions. The
people of the capital have suffered keen
ly, despite the great stores Of food
laid by somewhere within the empire,
awaiting only means of transportation.
The Russian cause on the hattlefields
never has progressed as the Russian
people have desired. and this also was
laid at the doors of an inefficient gov
ernment. When the duma demanded
action the cZar adjourned its sessions
His action immediately was followed
by a series of food outbreaks in Petro-
grad and Moscow. These riots started
two weeks ago. 1t was noticed that
the 10000 troops stationed in Petro-
grad were significantly lenient with
the strikers. In years past Russian
troops were never loath to NOW down
unruly inhabitants. In this case, how
ever. the rioters were treated with the
greatest indulgence, and on occasion Of
the more serious outbreaks, evidently
timed with the action of the duma, the
troops absolutely refused to attack the
people. The Petrograd police alone
fought for the government, assisted
by little bands of loyal soldiers.
That the plans of revolution were
well framed is indicated by the fact
that but comparatively few hours
elapsed from the time of the outbreak
and decision of the duma that the peo-
Pile should take the government in
their own hands until the revolution
was over and the rebels had set up
provisional government after having
ousted the old one.
Evening star., 1917-03-18
Alexander Ruled.
by Might of Sword.

Wy HA6Ne VI OF espionage,
that the breath of democracy might be
hushed.
If Alexander III, with his domineering
WAYS and cruel methods. oppressed the
neople of Russia, Nicholas did in no less
fashion by general indecision in handling
the nations problems, if, in fact. he did
not let the bureaucTats Ioiiow thelr own
whims Coming to the throne after long
years of terrible misrule by his father.
Nicholas was looked upon to inaugurate
fairer reign, one more IN sympathy with
the people, one more to the advantage OF
the welfare of the nation as a whole.
Nicholas proved unequal to the task.
The advisers of his father were his ad-
yisers. The early years of his reign re-
bounded to the credit of no man, but to
the discredit of those who formed the
inner circle about the Russian ruler The
air in Russia for decades and decades
has been surcharged with plotting and
contemplating. At all times that ele-
ment leaning toward the German was in
control Germany laid great stress on
her work in Petrograd. The German
cause through the influence of Russian
court attaches and members of the gov
ernment. was considered advanced to a
nerfected degree Great confidence had
been voiced in Germany, even during the
present war, that this element arrayed
alongside the czar eventually and at the
proper moment would bring about a sep
sia. on every hand Nicholas was led
and advised by men who. at heart, cor
daily despised him and who schemed for
their own individual welfare. 1t must
not be understood, however, that they
did net stand together in the main. for
it always was absolutely necessary for
these established bureaucrats to present
a united front in order that the en-
croachments Of the democratic elements
might be turned back. The czar, always
fearful of llprisings of his people, never
theless generally kept a straight course
in line with the policies advocated by his
selfish and ofttimes cruel advisers. Be
tween the known plottings and chickering's
of the bureaucrats on the one hand and
the fear of his overthrow by the people
on the other. he constantly vas In terror,
not only of his position, but his very
life as well The emperor was unhappy
practically from the start. His official
beine one OF the darkest. But as stated.
Russia has now emerged from this dark
ness, though sure course must be steer
Evening star., 1917-03-18

| for military brick making aroused
Ecenest dissatisfaction among military
| leaders. Who were forced to send their
tens of thousands of men to useless
slaughter.
Though Protopopoff and Stufmer and
other chief representatives of the bu
reaucra tic regime in Pedograd are re-
ported either slain Or inDrisoned. un-
doubtedly the Germancphiles have wide
ramifcatiohS and a re. not alone rep
resented by the small clique surround
ing the czar. The whole element must
he completely scotched. else the ac-
tivities of the new government viii he
in constant danger and efficacious un-
raTeling of the tangled governmental
skeins hindered TO large measure.
The problems which must be faced by
the new government are exceedingly
complex. The bad work of the bureau
Gratis of several years standing must
be undone and n new order established.
This cannot be done in a day, a week
nor a month.
Some time must clapse before the
new Russian machine is set in moeion
to accomplish all the objects of the
present war.
1t is a noticeable fact that not a
word is voiced in Russia against con-
tinuation of the war. The people have
wrested the reins of government from
those who We're dilatory. in order that
the war might be pushed to better ad-
vantage.
There prevails a feeling in Paris and
London that Russia, after setting her
house in order. will prove a stronger
ally than heretofore. RuSsta's course
always has been one to cause appre-
| hension. once Russia, under the new
| order of things, gets in shape to live
| up TO all that is expected of her she
undoubtedly win not fail.
|
Evening star., 1917-03-18

not bettered any way, for Trepof, Strurn-
er's successor. though causing n spark
of hope to spring up in the hearts or
those who always have been for things
strictly Russian. betrayed his trust, and
he, too. on the demand of the patriotic
element of the nation. was forced TO sur
render the reins. The cZar very evidently
defied the democratic elements array ed
against the bureaucrats. for he appointed
Prince GolitZen, long known as a keen
sympathizer with all things German. as
head of the cabinet NJ. Protopopon, the
former minister of interior and one of the
most hated men in the empire, continued
either in the cabinets of these men or
nearby. where he could act adviser
He is declared to have welded the widest
influence of any in dsorganiZing Russia s
economic, industrial, as well as military
effort The duma demanded the scalp Of
Protopopoff several times. but he invaria-
bly, was ably backed up by the czar.
Shortly after the selection of Golitzen
the duma was adjourned and the czar
duma leaders, refused to call the, body
in session again. The killing of Ras-
putin. the mysterious monk, who is
declared to have had potent influence
in shaping affairs for Germany, and
who, through his wizardy and sharp
czar. stirred the ruler to profound
depths. He more than ever was afraid
to reassemble the duna for fear of
popular outbreaks, for the assassina-
tion of the crafty monk plainly was
an evidence of the fact that it was
not the people in the lower walks alone
who were identified with the demands
for better governed Russia, but those
in higher ones as well, the killing of
the monk presumably taking place in
the palace of one Of the Russian
princes.
Evening star., 1917-03-18
English Ports in France.

A good deal of uninformed criticism
has been heard in the world as to the
relative slowness of the British in TAX
ing over French sectors. But the diff
cultieS of such labor are almost in
calculable, and chief among these are
the problems of transport Before the
war the railroad systems leading from
the channel ports TO the interior of
northern France had their center of
Paris, and their chief mission the trans
port of people and goods, either from
the channel to Paris or from the same
ports to the industrial district of
France, which is now in German hands.
While the British occupied only the
front from ipres to La Bassee they
were well served by the railroads from
Calais to Lille. But as their line moved
southwark they were faced by the ne
lines not designed to carry heavy traf-
lines not designed to cary heavy traf-
fc, lines which ran at right angles to
the main trunk railways leading south
ward toward Paris. This condition was
entirely satisfactory to the French
while they held the lines between La
BasSee and Roye, because the French
were supplied from the south and
from Paris.
But before the British can take over
sector they have to reconstruct rail-
road lines and join them UP with their
bases, which are on the coast and not
In central France. The result has been
an immense railway construction in
France by The British. Whole British
tinent Rritish raiiyvav NO., 49, -,
over tbt .,sIl of raftti,, "a - -, ,iin N
Iipas - "a; Do,,r,Ia. - - 80 = 1911 M
or1e instSnc. 49, La as,i7oS S0.I 80 me -
road nnen ~ Enciond ~ -, - a. ,i,;,at, "a
hin, for prorrnf assistanco - 49,.
nro,,isad ~, too ,S"3i, alu my
incredibly short time. when his request
hat.ar - 80 ! - p, . I.i's y. io oile 10
thts -. - 10. e 'tio @ ND "a - 70
t - = - a. - I. otit u iS4oi iii<''loh 'hs'l
81. o. -, @ -. W,
,ha, 80 49, I,o'=;:t iie:t Nai.ttS "r,i ild'Ie'
- - - Da2iSHt POI % IN i.ui ope TO
go go 1870 ~ Otte ~ ito 'lts tot Sls'teo lheIh
9 -'.is, ; it i,te tAe Hct4ttty tHdt Is gong
20 $3.50 "a al Ste tllI4e' tlc Huse numbers
-, I'll - nc nc arc s'NcuiIiu iuiat-
ct., n,'u ,,.i az ta'9 boSS OH ueSplte the
49,, ,,.'i. a. ~ 'aie az M tne "tro
Evening star., 1917-03-18
British Armies in France Are Estimated TO
Number More Than TtU0 Millions of Men,
Holding Front of Over One Hundred Miles
Whole of the Region North of the Sonne and Between the
Channel and Battle Line Transfornned---Story of the
Advances Made Against the German Hosts
By FRANK H. SIMONDS,

Author of ''The Great War;"

"A n tnncss since my eur from lie m o
" nd fol- other O o
Douglas e men
iondIh ain the o tina h ben
them
Evening star., 1917-03-18
Russia's S Efforts in
War Hindered.

mowers found that their troops were be-
ing sent to slaughter because of the gov
ernment's poor provision of arms and
munitions. The government, needing the
nopular clamor. investigated and several
officials were ousted During the war
there has been constant disorganization
of the transportation lines of the nation.
Though Russia is one of the greatest
grain producing countries of the world.
and though three harvests were held
within the borders of the empire because
of the falling off of exports occasioned
by the war starvation reached out in
every direction. In a land OF plenty
there was nothing. There seemed to be
compIete disorganiZation in all branches
of governmental endeavor Criticisms
NJ governmental procedure were more out
snoken than at any time. The outbreaks
in the duma We're of riotous character.
The government was plainly informed
that the people would not tolerate those
hidden influences, which evidently were
to blame for the conditions.
1t was openly stated that the influence
of the German element surrounding
the czar and molding the governments
policies had set about to SO disorganiZe
Russia that the war might be won by
Germany, though these officials publicly
professed that the war would be pushed
TO a conclusion. The czar, again thinking
OF his dynasty, removed Premier Sturmer,
probably the greatest champion of things
German at the court. The situation was
Evening star., 1917-03-18
Aid Of Troops
Quickly Gained

Russia has been forced to flee, if. in
fact, its members are not dead or in
prison. The revolt which began two
weeks ago and which crystalized last
Tuesday was accomplished, it is re-
ported, with the loss of but 500 lives
and its goal was achieved with but
thirty-six hours fighting. This toll is
deemed remarkabl low considering the
toll in lives eXacted in futile uprlsings
of the past. The duma, the popular
legislative body of the nation, headed
by NJ. Rodzianko, evidently did its plan
ming well and with great secrecy The
sympathy of the government troops
who took up the cause of the revolving
peoples quickly was gained. There was
no hope for the old regime the moment
the movement was initiated. Emperor
Nicholas tenure of the throne was at
an end, unofficially, the moment the
duma decided that the reins of govern
ment should be taken from the hands
of those who wished to betray the ma
tion.
The revoiutionists are declared to be
in complete charge of things govern
mental in Petrograd. The revolt cannot
truly be said to be the outgrowth sole
ly Of the discomfort which has been
gradually brewing ever since the war
started because of the methods pur-
sued by the czar and his intimate ad-
visers. 1t came as an effective climax,
and certainly most worthy one, to
hundreds of years of strict adherence
to the divine right of kings, practiced
as religiously by the Romanoffs as does
the kaiser preach this gospel in Ger
many. The methods of the Ronanoffs
and the Hohenzollerns have not been
dissimilar.
From the time they succeeded to
power in Russia the rule of the Roman
offs has been marked by one series of
disasters after another. Nicholas. The
son and successor Of Alexander III. has
been an exceedingly like ruler in many
respects.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

ed or present conditions will result In
chaos instead of the worthy objects de-
sired.
X X
The present revolt in all but its re-
suit vastly resembled the one in 1905.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

The new government in Russia,
though voicing the highest motives
Evening star., 1917-03-18

The present crisis in Russia began to
make itself apparent shortly after the
Evening star., 1917-03-18

When the czar repeatedly postponed
the reconvening of the duma the un-
Evening star., 1917-03-18

ing, and under 1t the German strength
is beginning to weaken. The British
soldier sees day after day German de-
serters coming in; he has the con-
fidence which artillery support gives:
he has the confidence which slow but
sure progress forward gives, and he
feels himself to be top dog" Having
held his ground through all the terri
BILE months when he was destitute
alike of munitions and of implements
Of war. having held the German at the
moment when the German organization
and morale We're at their highest point.
superiority must give him a victory
where. while still inferior, he checked
the most powerful German thrusts.
There is little foolish optimism in the
mind of the man in the trench. He
does not talk in terms of the capture
of Berlin or the collapse Of the German
army. He does not talk much about
starving Germany out" or about in
ternal revolutions in Germany. But so
far as he talks at all he talks of spe-
ciffc. definite evidences of German
weakening. largely visible through his
periscope and disclosed to him when he
goes on raids. 1t would be impossible
to exaggerate the confidence of this
British army. but it is not the kind of
confidence that is expressed frequently
In British newspapers: it is the con-
fdence of a man who. having been for
n long time under disadvantages feels
that he now has more than an even
chance. more than equal amount of
strength. superior resources. and knows
that his own spirit is unshaken.
One cannot visit the British armies in
France without feeling that senti-
ment for peace without victory" is
non-existent and that, while conscious
of the greatness of the task before him.
the British soldier feels that the ulti-
mate outcome is now sure.
An American will find cause for graf
ification and cause for regret in visit
ing the British army. He feels that the
British experience has demonstrated
that a democracy can and will defend
itself and can. if time be given raise
great armies. equip them with muni-
tions and meet the severest tests: but
he will also feel how great is the price
of unpreparedness. for which so many
of the best and finest in the British
army have already been sacrificed.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

Not only has the emperor stepped
down, but practically the whole Ger
Evening star., 1917-03-18

OF the many sensational events which
have come TO pass in the week just
Evening star., 1917-03-18

rest caused by the
< r o w j n z belief
that the Russian
government W 4 S