davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1917-12-21

70,o0v new cnlstments In the regular
army. This has upset our program.
when will you be ready for the
new call?" asked Mckellar.
81 hope somo time in January" said
Sharpe.
"You had some trouble with regard
TO shoes. didn't you?" asked Senator
Wadsworth. "Ivc had reports from
Camp Custer, Mich, that they had
thousands Of pairs Of shoes too small.
I've been told that at camp Custer on
December 10, In order 20 give men tar
get practice. half of an infantry de-
tail was marched to the range. and
after practice went back and gave their
shoes TO the other half of the detail
SO they could go to the range"
General sharpe admitted this condi-
ton exists.
Senator Weeks dsclared MasSa-
chusctts shoe manufacturer who cN-
amincd the shoes issued 60 10000 men
reported that about so per cent of the
men were wearing shoes too short for
them
This condition has been brought to
the attention of secretary Baker and
" the Medical Department" said Weeks,
"'rhc Medical department concurred In
the view that wearing these short shoes
would cudangcr tho foot health Of tho
men
General Sharpe said that as q result OF
the report to Baker the system Of 1T
ting shoes had been changed.
Have you had complaints from Cen
cral Pershing?" asked Senator llitchock
lie has asked us to omit some uar-
rover widths because Ills men are wear.
ing heavy wooden socks" said Sharpe.
Sharpe placed tho blame FOR impropeI
fitting Of shoes on company command.
err, and medical officers.
sharpe roundIy criticized department
red tape that sends kilograms. con.
tracts and authorizations for action
through half dozen officials befor,
action is had. lie advocated adop.
tiou Of business methods"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1917-12-21
BOLSHETIKI PLAN
RUMP CONVENTION
By JOSEPH SHAPLEN

STOCKHOLM, Dee. 2l.-Irhe BOlshc-
Wiki are preparing Il rump convention
all their own to replace the constituent
assembly, in which they are in a minor
ity. according to word received here to-
day from Petrograd
The swedish MaNimalist leader. pr.
fIoglund, wired here today the sub
stance Of an interview which he had
with NJ. Uritsky, "A prominent Bolshc-
vik, in Petrograd Iritsky. he said
denied that the final result of the Rus
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1917-12-21

samuel Icvene. 2gnn $. Hutchinson 81 aud
FRANCES erase. 20o7 $ Mildred IT.
LOUIS I. Nercoutcrc, i322 locust IT., and
Lulu NJ. DARK. 1879 Locust 1T.
chester Lawrence. 1924 Page ST., aud Manic
L. Madden. 2t00 Mountain IT.
Jacob NJ. Josnphsun. Atlantic CITY. y. IT,.
aid Lillian Stillman, 1Gip y. Lawrence ~.
Bradus A. webb ~ = Ruby ST. aud Mary
&. Allen, Merton. Pa,
Robert u Woods. 1tto Cantr,ll st. and
Alice EtlcksOn, az New Market 81.
WIN" Coleman. 312n Smodloy st., and
=, Matthe Randolph, iSii y; Woolstoc> 81.
Bottio BraSton i.iS = 18Th st.
Al5red do R1asicrs 1s, Elogrt,2wn, "a; and jose
FellN \ Parker. Fort Monrc. Va. aud Annie
W. La bonus, 1877 Spruce st.
John J Chappelr. 72B s. 1ith St, and
. Helen A. Harmon. 1897 s. 18th st.
Harry Hand lG20 W Montgomery ave, and
Jennie -. Sutton, Cape MAJ. y. "
llQrace ". smith, iI1S- Cat4arln" st. and
John j. Shimmcrr 3ui2 y. 18th st.. and
\"rcna VI. Wadlingor. 30lJ " 9Th st.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1917-12-21
Sardinc Pack Near S2,OOO,OOO

Managers Of sardine cannerles pre-
dicted in San Diego, Cal. that this sea-
sons lack there would reach the value
of possibly S2,000,000. All the local
canneries are busy, and have been un-
able, through inability to get enough
labor. to handle the catch to their sat
isfaction. one of the local canneries
today issued notice that it could use
500 more women workers than it has
at present.-Spokesman Review.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1917-12-21

Robert y. 1,e1n>Ilyt ( !<n4 = ~ y X
Charles y. Baimer. - n. IAN
aud Helen ". Hees. S04e n. Jt4
Ira Coraib. 32ts Chestnut ST.. af>1
NJ Moorc. Lansdowne. Pa. = t a
John 81. Woods. Norfolk, yp.,. and u111
TAYLOR, Rush Hospital y 1'hiiade lph11 Il
George ballard. 2J32 Chadwick st.. and \
Link. 1921 Carpenter Vt. p.
Thomas Mullran. 21l0 Earp et. ana
Zanc. 2IlJ Federal 1T.
samuel l.ockman. Mt. Carmel. PAD
Jean y. Keith. Mt. Carmel. pa. {
Jack Miles. Fox court. and Roxie =
Robert NJ, Bechtei. .Jr. 4. s. s. TseaIe.
Elsie NJ, Kniss. 1882 Bridge 1T.
James McElroy. 14a Fountain st.
., fh2ebe y. Kingston. AL Martin st.
Franklin l.. buchanan. 3O35 Richmond
and Eva Groms, 203G n. 10Th st. n.
NJ Becker. Wilkes Barre, Pa, 7
Franklin G.. Allen, 2s37 n, 33d ST..
Myra q. Swlsher. 2I00 Columbia ave.
Francis y. Romberg. .g2a W. Lchieh 4
and Carrie Thornton. 1891 y. 30th Z
Asher lIearn. IL n. Yewdall ST.. and
garette u. Sweeney, "a n. Yewdall sl
other Marriage Licenses on Pngs 3
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1917-12-21

still yards ahead the trench his rush had carried him.
morning drew
deum Always his splng burned and obb Even
him and trhed him
through lin of o
his
nahbors Will
Red Cossh s guardian
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1917-12-21

hope. Join the Red Gross
II now has 6 million mem-
bers and should have l6
millions. Take a dollar
membership. Do your part.
If you cannot go, you can
give. Those going are Civ
ing immeasurably more.
Join at any branch auxil-
iary or Red Cross booth or
Red Cross Headquarters,
Lincoln Building.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
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he added the words "of Carrollton" in
order that there might be no mist aiken
identity, declaring that he wanted the
people to know Just where he stood
on the question"
Gerry and Rodney.
Elbridge Gerry came originally
from Massa chusetts and early in life
became imbued with the spirit of lib
erty for the Colonists. A man OF
wealth he was interested in shipping
and was the first man who was bold
enough to Introduce a bill in the
Massachusetts Congress for the arm
ing of ships against the British mer-
camille and military service--the first
actual avowal against the mother
country. as we'll as the first attempt
at naval armament He was also ac-
tive in financing the Revolution. Gerry
was a vigorous advocate of the Dec
laration and one of its earliest signers.
Old Caesar Rodney, fighter of
rare ability, was perhaps the most pic
turesQue of all the signers and one
who advocated its merits in strong
and vigorous language. He served
with Washington's Army. and was
always eager ito get at the British"
He was a native of Delaware and rep
resented that State at the Continental
Congress
! Something might be said of each
and every signer of the great Amer
lean document if space would permit.
Only a few can be mentioned of the
flfty-six, all of whom were strong men
and representatives of the best
thought of the age. Their convic-
tons carried them into the vortex of
rebellion. but it was a revolt against
the God given rights of men. Their
example has been n shining light in
the progress of this great nation and
their courage and sacrifice will be ex-
emplifled in the acts and devotion of
millions of true Americans who are
today lighting for cause perhaps
more vital to mankind than the strug-
gle of 1875. This Fourth of July will
be not only commemoration of that
great event. but signal to all lovers
Of liberty that death is preferable to
a surrender of the great heritage won
for us by our forefathers of the Revo-
lutionary period.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
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ing carefully. The father was a soap
and candle maker and early in life
young Ben declared that he had no
taste for the greasy business" and
he decided to try his hand at Journal
ism and soon began to write editorials.
The young man knew how to set type
and his first Job was in New York, but
after a time he went to PHILADELPHIA,
where a short time later he became
a full fledged editor. In 1928 he
founded we'll known magazine,
which is at present. perhaps. the most
widely read weekly in the country.
Franklin entered public life as a clerk
In the Pennsylvania Assembly in 1895,
and from that time until the day of
his death at the age OF eighty-five he
was faithful servant of the people.
When the struggle for independence
came on Franklin was in the thick of
the fray with his pen. yet throughout
tho critical period fought with so
much uncertainty and gloom he pre-
served his sense of humor. 1t came
out one day when John Hancock, Just
prior to the signing of tho Declare
ton, remarked I'VE must be unani-
nous: there must be no pulling diff
ferent ways; we must all hang to-
gether." The quick witted Franklin
at once replied Eyes. we must indeed
all hang together. or most assuredly
we shall all hang separately" Frank
lin was one of the committee which
drafted the declaration. He was also
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
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The great flag was ordered to Fort
McHenry. the chief post of defense
for Baltimore. in a hurry. for appre-
ciating the fact that the British then
pommeling at the gates of Washing
ton would soon approach the neigh.
boring city, the commandant desired
that a new post flag might flaunt Its
colors in the face of the coming foe.
The woman to whom the order to
make the flag was given was Mrs.
John Pickersgill, resident OF BaIti-
more. She knew her business having
previously made flags Of different sizes
for use in her home town.
Spot Over Which It Flew Is Marked.
This historic banner adorned Gen.
eral LaFayette's tent at Fort McHenry
on September 10. 1924, the tenth an
niversary of the bombardment of Bal
timore. when General Lafayette was
the guest Of honor at a reception given
at the fort to celebrate its splendid
resistance a decade before. The pres
ent Flagstaff at Fort McHenry stands
upon the Identical spot it occupied
during the bombardment, and the
United States Government has placed
tablet upon 1t bearing the following
inscriptions:
1.-THE National ensign which inspired
Francis Scott Key to write 1.-The Star
Spangled Banner" was during the
bombardment of Fort McHenry, Sep
TENDER 10, 1914. flying from a pole
occupying this position"
The house which Francis Scott Key
| occupied in Washington during the
period he served as attorney for the
District Of Columbia and made his
round Of the waters in aid Of his
friend is demolished. 1t was his home
to the last days of his life, but he
died. in 1s43, while visiting his
daughter, Mrs. Charles Howard. in
Baltimore.
The author of 1.-THE Star-Spangled
Banner" was buried in Baltimore, but
was later laid to rest in the cemetery
near his early home, Frederick, Mary
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
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educated abroad he would probably
have become an artist or an author.
Much has been written in reference
to "Jeffersonian simplicity" but this
"simplcity" is mere fiction for no man
was more esthetic in his tastes or lived
in more elegance than did the red
haired Virginia lawyer. He was most
fastidious in his attire. He introduced
French cooks in America and brought
finger bowls and other Partisan ideas
into the dining room after his sojourn
in the French capital as the repre-
sentative of the United States. He
was systematic in his habits and in
sisted that those about him should be
the same, consequently his entire
household moved like machine. He
was of commanding appearance. his
temper naturally strong he kept under
perfect control while his moral cour-
age was of the highest order and his
will firm and infleXible. He preferred
French cooking and always had a
French butler who wore n regal look
ing livery on all occasions. After his
marriage he lived in an old mansion
surrounded with all the Injuries of
that period. In the course of his law
practice he became acquainted with
Patrick Henry. that eloquent Virginia
patriot, and the two talked much of
liberty and independence. Soon he
was elected to office and owing to his
excellence In composition was APP
pointed as one of the committee TO
draft the Declaration. Today 1t stands
out as one of the most perfect literary
documents the world has ever known.
simple. vet to the point-eloquent
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
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convivial meetings first at Ludgate
Hill and later at the Crown and
Anchor tavern in the old English Cap
ital. Ralph Tomlinson, first president
of the society. wrote the words Of the
song about the year 1875, at about
which time also the music was COM
posed by John Stafford Smith.
The tune became very popular in
England and the musical intercourse
between the two countries was too
! lively in those days to permit such
well-known air to remain barred from
our shores. A Columbian Anacreontic
Society,"" founded in New York in 1875
in imitation of the London Club, un-
doubtedly did it's part in familiarizing
the tune.
It is believed that the tune was first
used in this country in connection
with patriotic words when it was sung
to the verses entitled Adams and
Liberty" written by Robert Treat
Paine in 1893. The stirring words.
of course, referred to the second
President of the United States. The
first lines are as follows:
Eye sons of Columbia, who bravely
have fought
For those rights, which unstained
from your sres have de-
scended,
May you long taste the blessings
your valor has brought
And your sons reap the soil which
your fathers defended"
Other patriotic words carried the
same air at later periods and 1t was
familiar to the American people when
it was welded to THE Star-Spangled
Banner"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05

through long usage, to regard THE
tar-Spangled Banner" as their ma
tional anthem: and 1t Is doubtful If
any other song or hymn could be
forced upon them.
Most Romantic In Song History.
National anthems cannot we'll be
made to order; they should be inspired
by a great cause and grow into the
peoples hearts with the development
of the life of nation. And surely
no song ever had more exalted birth
than that of The Star-Spangled
Banner" and none has woven itself
into a whole nations feeling more
firmly than the glorious PAGAN Of
thankfulness for American liberty.
The story of the birth Of THE Star
Spangled Banner" is one Of the most
romantic in song history. 1t was in
1901. at the age of 81, that Francis
Scott Key. promising young Mary
land lawyer. took up his residence in
Washington. He identified himself
with the best legal element at the
National Capital and it was as United
States Attorney for the District of
Columbia that he was summoned from
his home one afternoon in early Sep
tember 1914. to use his endeavors to
release a fellow statesman and ac-
quaintance who had fallen into the
hands Of the British enemy and was
unjustly detained as a prisoner.
His endeavor in behalf of his friend
was successful but both with their
boat were held by the British Admiral
until after the bombardment of Bal
timore. BY what Key regarded as the
best of fortune their small vessel was
sent up the Patapsco River with the
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05

famous, he made copies of the poem.
which he signed and presented to
friends, but the authorship OF THE
Star-Spangled Banner" was not re-
vealed until 1t had attained a national
reputation. which honor, however,
was gained in a very short time.
Rapidly Gained Popularity.
On the morning after his arrival in
Baltimore. Key took his manuscript
to his friend. Judge Joseph Hopper
Nicholson, for his critical opinion.
This was evidently favorable, for 1t
was Immediately printed, and its first
appearance in public was in the form
of a sheet, or broadside, which was
distributed through the streets the
day after 1t was written. From Bal
timore it travelled to other cities and
in very short time it had become the
most popular patriotic song in the
land.
The original flag, which inspired the
writing of THE Star-Spangled Ban
ner," is still in existence, having been
carefully treasured by the command
ant of Fort McIIenry, to whom it was
given after the bombardment. His
descendants as Loyalty guarded 1t, en-
shrining 1t in a safety vault in New
York City until recently, when 1t was
placed by them in the National
Museum at Washington, where 1t &C.
cupies a large glass case against the
wall of its main hall and is easily
viewed.
| 1t is a large post flag. thirty by
forty feet in size. 1t Is bit torn, one
star completely shot away by British
ammunition. and was very threadbare
when 1t came to Washington. Here
expert flag members skillfully bracet
the weak stars and stripes, but lef
the distinct shell rents to tell theil
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05

land. There beneath the shadow of
the everlasting hills he loved he lies
beside his wife. Mary Tayloe Key, and
an appropriate monument, erected by
the people Of Frederick in 1898. marks
the spot
Author OF The Tune.
In regard to the tune of THE STAR
Spangled Banner" much has been
said and written. Over the first APP
pearance Of the poem in print were
the words, "Tune-Anacreon in
Heaven" The question as to who set
Keys words to this air is yet unset
tied. Some friends of the poet declare
that Key was tone deaf and could
neither sing nor recognize a tune, and
that his friend. Judge Nicholson, of
Baltimore, who seems to have acted
as press agent in the matter of plac-
ing the song before the public, found
that the lines fitted this air, already
used for several patriotic songs Of the
day. Others said that Mr.. Key wrote
his lines to fit this popular tune, 9TH
followed its peculiar meter.
his is sui an open question Du'
unimpeachable authority has rur
down the facts Of the creation of the
tune, now familiar to practically ev.
cry man. woman and child in the
United States. to an almost certain
point, which is that 1t was most prob
ably composed by John Stafford Smith
an English musician who lived be
tween the dates Of 1850 and 1885.
The Words Used In England.
Anacreon, the old Greek poet VIII,
sang the praise Of wine and beauty
was the patron saint of the Anacreon
tic Society Of London. which held It
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
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besieging ships on the evening OF Sep
TENDER 10, and anchored in a posi-
ton to see the flag that flew from
Fort McHenry.
With The Break or Dawn.
The battle commenced at night and
It was only by rare flashes from the
guns that he caught glimpse OF his
country's emblem, as 1t floated from
it's high pole on shore. All night long
he kept the deck, eagerly straining
ear and eye for some sound or sight
which would indicate the result.
When at last the dawn broke slow
ly over the sky the weary watcher
leaned against the ships side and fixed
his eyes upon the shore. Thus he
gazed until the suns first ray sent
its earliest beam upon the flag staff,
and he beheld with Joy that 1t bore
the ensign of his beloved country
Then and there burst forth the song
which so fifty fulfills its mission as
nations anthem. The words welled
! to his lips. Taking a letter from his
pocket he jotted them down upon it
as they sprang from heart to brain
Ere the poem was completed the
Americans were permitted to &c
ashore, and the last verse was writ
ten in the small boat which carried
them to land. That evening in his
hotel in Baltimore Key made a clear
copy Of his poem, and this first fail
set of the verses of 1.-THE Star-Span.
gled Banner" Is yet in existence, and
to be seen in the Walters Gallery ir
Baltimore.
Francis Scott Key did not sign thi!
manuscript, nor did he give 1t q title
In after years, when It had become
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05

a signer Of the constitution. Gen. Hugh
L. Scott, the chief of staff Of the U. S.
Army Is a eat-great-grandson Of
this distinguished signer.
John and Samuel Adams.
Both John and Samuel Adams
were Massachusetts men and were
second cousins. Yet between them
there was a marked contrast. John
Adams did not really center his mind
on politics until the British closed
the law courts and made his profess
sion as a lawyer obsolete. He is de-
scribed by his biographers as shrewd,
scholarly, diplomatic and cautious.
He acquired property and was fond
of living at ease although when reused
in the cause Of liberty he fought for
it with an energy rarely displayed IN
nublic meetings AS member of the
second Continental Congress he Sec
onded the motion in that body for
formal Declaration of independence
and was one of the drafting committee
of the document. He became the Presi-
dent of the United States later and his
administration was a stormy one, espe-
cially in his difficulties with France.
| He died on the day on Whlcn JeIIer-
sons death occurred.
Samuel Adams was OF the stern
serious type. seldom smiling and never
] known to laugh. He was Calvinist
of the strongest type and bigoted in
his religious views. He was cunning
and diplomatic in his dealings with
men and had way of managing them
without their being aware that they
were being managed. He said little,
but thought much. and while perhaps
the least popular of the signers his
influence in the Continental Congress
was far reaching.
Carroll OF Carrollton.
Charles Carroll of Carrollton. who
outlived all the signers, dying at the
age of ninety-five. was an American
patriot of the highest type. He in
herited one OF the largest estates In
Maryland and risked his all for lib
erty. Educated in France he returned
to America in 1865. and soon became
man Of affairs In the community,
taking part In all public movements.
! In signing h1s name to the Declaration
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
Z~SZ>26 NL/eC

Congress. was perhaps the wealthiest
of the signers, being possessed Of
fortune of more than three hundred
and fifty thousands dollars. Hancock
was the son of a Massachusetts, clergy
man and was brought up in true Puri-
tanical style. A man of rare executive
ability he was nearly always made
chairman of liberty meetings. He was
the earliest sufferer from commercial
oppression and the first aristocrat of
Boston to join party which had lit
tie property to lose. He made large
contributions to the cause of Amer
lean liberty frequently stinting himself
in order to make the contributions
generous, which leads one to believe
that had he lived in the present day
he would put his money into Liberty
Bonds. He was man Of tact and
whenever delicate affairs were to be
settled it was John Hancock who was
called in to arbitrate the matter and
his ability in this line brought many
discordant statesman into line at
critical periods. He died at the age
of fifty-seven.
jefferson.
1t was Thomas Jefferson who made
the original draft of the Declaration
with insertions in handwriting of Ben
jamin Franklin and John Adams.
Jefferson, like Hancock was an aristo-
crat although he frequently boosted
that his father came from the soil and
sneered at the long family pedigree
Of his mother, Jane Randolph. who
came from Scotch family of wealth.
yet in early life Jefferson wrote to the
Herald's office in London to obtain Il
copy of the Jefferson coat of arms.
Early in life Jefferson determined to
study law, although his taste ran in
the direction of art and had he been
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-07-05
Something About the
Sterling Statesmen Who
Signed the Document
Which Meant Freedom
and Equality To the Peo-
ple of the United States.
Copyright. 1917. by The International
Syndicate.

HIS is, perhaps, an appropriate
time to renew our knowledge of
the kind of men who staked