davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
BROTHERHQODS ASK
NEW COMMISSION
Desire Board to Settle Certain
Railroad Problems
During War.
CONFERENCE HERE TODAY

Heads of the four railroad brother
hoods came here today at President VIII
sons request to discuss with him their
proposed new demands for higher wages.
The President was prepared to take up
the problem with free hand, so far
as the railroads are concerned, having
been formally notified that the roads
will abide by any step he sees fit to
take.
An entirely new proposal which II 's
understood the brotherhoods plan 10
make is that rail transportation during
the war, with respect to relations OF
the carriers and employees. pe oeai.
with by the formation of a new federai
commission, to have complete jurisdic-
ton and power over the companies anu
workmen. They plan, 1t Is stated 10
ask the President to appoint such a
commission, with plenary powers, head
ed by some prominent official thorough
ly conversant with the transportation
situation.
Oppose Present Boards Acting.
isting federal board of mediation and
conciliation of which Judge William L.
Chambers is chairman. Is understood
to be one of the factors in the proposal
for new commission. The 6rother-
hood heads are said to be unalterabiy
against any plan which would give the
present board any power with reiation
to wage demands. They want new
and distinct commission. similar TO that
now in control for the war of Eng
lands rail lines.
The brotherhood chiefs also are expected
to urge their claims for higher wages.
suggesting that the increase come either
from the carriers themselves or in war
bonuses from the government along the
line of the British bonus system.
Railroads Rely on President.
From the railroads President Wilson
has the letter of Fairfax Harrison, chair
man Of the American Railway Assocla-
roads unreservedly to arbitration and
placing their interests in the President 8
hands for any disposition the President
shall make in the public interest.
President are: w. G. Lee of the Broth
erhood Of Railway Trainmen. Warren
S. Stone of the Brotherhood OF Loco
motive Engineers, A. B. Garretsen Of
w. S. Carter of the Brotherhood of Lo-
comotiye Ftremen and Enginemen.
silent on Strike Possibility.
ANY announcement regarding the
conferences. Mr.. Lee sAid. before going
fo~the White House must come from
Ekhe President. Refusing to discuss the
hood attitude. he said:
I'VE are here at the Presidents re-
quest to receive and answer any propo-
sition he may have to make"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Why Is the Hun?
BY WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE.

Germany's plan of frightfulness-the cruci6xion of
Canadian priseners the burning of French girls at the
stake to draw French soldiers into death trap the
murder of French surgeons by German officers while
receiving treatment from the surgeons the bombing
of Red Cross hospitals, the enslavement of captive
French and Belgian civilians-has been reviewed in
light by Mr. White in article written from Paris
for next Sundays Star.
Mr.. White sets forth these crueIties finding
justification in the German mind and the German
kultur the ground of military necessity His
ticle is analysis of the viewpoint Of the fight
ing Hun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Demand 100000 Rubles.

A body of troops and red guards under
command of Commissary Menjfnsky and
Col. Muravieff. commander Of the Petro-
grad garrison. appeared before the State
Bank, in Petrograd. yesterday, accordinR
to a Reuter- dispatch. and demanded
that 100000 rubles be handed over
within ten minutes. Menjinsky declared
that any one who opposed the execution
of the order would be treated as a
traitor.
of the town council and the peasants
union assembled in a room in which
Guarded by sentries from the Semen
offsky regiment and refused unani-
,nously to meet the-demand whateyer
the consequences.
At the expiration of the ten minutes.
further parleying disclosed that neither
Meniinsky nor Muravieff had any or
der of requisition from tho council Of
maximalist commissioners. Delegates
from the front who accompanied the
soldiers Joined in the protest against
the invasion of the bank. Murayiefr
eventually withdrew his troops.
After a conference with the council
of commissioners Murayieff returned
with a message that the council rec
ognized that the demand addressed to
the bank and the form in which 1t was
law. He expressed regret for his
share In the incident.
The maximalist newspaper Pravda
the dispatch adds, announces that
fiehting has begun between the red
aTd white guards Of Finland near
Viborg and that the railway has been
torn ups . -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
VICTOR Of CAMBRIA DRIVE
HERO OF BRITISH WARS
Man Who Whipped Hindenburg
Fought in Many
Battles.

Brig. Gen. Hon. Julian Hedwortf
George Byng. who directed the big
drive of the British forces through the
'timpregnable Hindenburg line is one
of the most popular officers in the Brit
ish military service. shown in one way
by the fact that three successful mu-
THE Eyng Boys" 1.-The Byng Boys
Are Here and THE Byng Girls"
Gen. Byng is the seventh son of the
second Earl of Stafford. He was born
in September. 1852. In 1902 he was mar
ried to Miss Marie ETeayn Mnrston
daughter Of Hon. Richard Moreton
Joining the 10th Royal Hussars in 1853
he became its colonel In 1901.
Received Medals.
Gen. Byng received his baptism OF
fire In the Sudan campaign in 1884 and
took part in the battles at Ell Teb and
Tama, receiving medals for distin-
guished service in the campaign.
He also served with distinction in the
war in South Africa from 1899 to 1902
mel Subsequently he took an active
part in the Dardanelles campaign, in
command of the 9Th Corps.
Fought at Antwerp.
As cavalry commander he took
part in the retreat from Antwerp, to
Ypres and in the second battle OF
Ypres. The Canadian troops fought
through the battle of the Somme under
Byng:s command and still were his
forces when they effected the brilliant
capture of Vimy ridge in the battle OF
Arras last April. When Gen. Sir Henry
Edmund Allenby went to Egypt last
June to command the army now sweep
ing the Turks out of Palestine Gen
Byng succeeded him in command of the
s;an s.iris9 80 90 army @ on, on hne francois t
making drive against the German
hordes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
100 GIRL MESSENGERS.

Out of 127 girl candidates for POSI-
tions as messengers in the government
departments 100 passed and were ap-
pointed today. They were the. first ap-
pointments of girls in such positions.
Most Of the work done by the girl
messengers will be indoors They will
not wear uniforms.
HishHst among those who passed in
ratinT was Miss Josephine Bender. grad
uate OF Central High School. who made
an average Of eos per cent. She is only
sixteen years old. Formerly Miss Bender
was employed a. 4 fling clerk in the
DEPARTMENT Of Agriculture.
Second on the list was Mias Thelme E.
Thompson. 7z9 18th street southeaSt,
whose rating was sos. She also Wa
employed 20 . clerk In the Department
Of Agriculture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Teutons Reach a Few u
of ItaIy's Advanced
Positions. Says Rome
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ROME, November 22.-The AVero>
Germans invading northern Italy 'fess
terday reached few Of the italian cut.
standing positions on the italian adj
yanced lines on Monte Fontana Seeca.
but elsewhere the Teutons were re-
pulsed. the war office announced today
The text of the Italian statement
reads:
Yesterday the enemy launched sew
eral attacks between the Brenta and
the Piave rivers He was sanguinartly
repulsed with the bayonet at the bar
rier lines of st. Marino, where he left
prisoners and machine guns in our
hands"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Fail to Name Adamson's Successor.

GREENVILLE, Ga, November 22.-Al-
though twenty-eight ballots were cast be-
fore adjournment of the morning session,
the fourth district democratic convention
failed to nominate successor to Repre-
sentative w. c. Adamson today.
The convention went on record as in
Wilson and adopted resolutions fayoring
the Acknowledgement Of women in Georgia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Fontaine Notre Dame, 24 Miles From
Goal, Is Seized---Mor Than
Eight Thousand Prisoners.
LINK IN FOES SUPPLY SYSTEM
AT MERCY OF HAIG'S GUNS
ENGLISH in Two Days Gain As Much As in Four Months Of
Somme Battle-Great Success Brings Thrills
.... to Entente Soldiers.

Triumphant in their brilliant against Hindenburg
ne troops pushing Cambria less than three miles
away In days gained almost much ground
as in months of the battle of the Somme.
of and villages have been taken and more
captured The Germans have
driven ground southwest and south of Cambria
This city, formerly headquarters in the west and
of the main links supply system the of
the British artillery
While the front of thirtytwo miles be-
tween St Quentin Scarpe their effort fifteen
southwest of Cambria where advance OF
miles has been made At Canng and Noyees the
British are miles of Cambria the south
thew are at miles away The Schedt canal
been Scheld LEscaut
valley extends northeast through Belgium Antwerp
had only five aiplanes the front Eleven Brit
is aen flying height of fifty feet because of the mist
wind and rai themselves during the first of the
ofe
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Two Mountain Peaks I'd
Taken From italians,
Says Berlin Report

BY the Associated Press.
BERLIN, November %, via London
The submits of Mont Fontana and
Mont Spinuccfa. on the northern italian
front between the Brenta and Piave
rivers, have been captured, 1t is an.
nounced oflcially.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Official Announcement.

CATION"
Official Announcement.
The extension of the German mari
time barred sonet is announced from
Berlin in an official memorandum,
which says:
The hostile governments are endeay4
oring by the intensincation of the hun
ger blockade against neutral countries
to force out to sea neutral cargo space
which is keeping in port, and to press
1t into their service. AS hostile ship
ping and shipping sailing in hostile in
terest are being supplemented by vio-
lent measures. the German government
In its struggle against Great Brftainis
domination Of violence. which tramples
under foot all rights, especially those
of smaller nations, finds itself obliged
to extend the field of operation of its
submarines"
Greece Also Affected.
1t adds that the extension principally
consists of. the establishment of a
barred zone arouid the Azores, which
had become in economic and military
respects important hostile bases of At
lantic navigation. and in closing q
channel to Greece. hitherto left open in
the Mediterranean. as it had been util-
lied by the Venizelos government, not
so much for the supply of the Greek
population with foodstuffs as for the
transport of arms and ammunition"
The memorandum then details at
length and specifically the extended
treme points! touched being point
three miles south of the Farce Islands
in the north. 43 north latitude in the
south and 30 west longitude in the
west. The new barred zone around the
enemy base in the Azores" is outlined
thus:
Limits of New Zone.
From 80 degrees north latitude and
IT west longitude to A north latitude
and ~ degrees As minutes west longi-
tude, to "A north latitude and "a west
longitude. to AZ degrees 80 minutes
north latitude and 81 west longitude,
to 81 degrees north latitude and 81
west longitude. to 80 north latitude
and 26 west longitude, to "a north lati-
tude and 20 west longitude, and thence
back to the starting point"
1t is stated also that neutral and Bel
gtan relief ships now within the
Azores and Greek barred zones may
Sd1ely leAVe Dy tHe SnOrter route be-
fore November 20, and they are granted
IAN adequate period of grace il they
entered the barred areas without fore
knowledge of the extension.
The Azores Islands are in the north
Atlantic, about two-thirds of the way
between the United States and Europe.
and belong to Portugal
An Amsterdam dispatch last Monday
said that German Vice Admiral Kirch-
hosef, writing in the Neuste Nachrich-
ten. declared that the United States had
established herself on the Azores and
constructed fortifications at Punta Del
Gado. He attempted to point out that
such possession would threaten impor-
tant German world ship routes and in
terIere with connections with Ger
colonial possessions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Fighting Is Unabated.

Again the enemy massed forces higher
up on Monte Monfenera. backed by bat.
teries concentrated from all points. Be-
infantry gave ground slowly, until the
upper slopes were abandoned. But the
fighting goes on with unabated despera-
ton, and 1t is still too soon to say
what the outcome may be of this heav-
lest blow to break through to the west.
ern Venetian plains
The conduct of the Italian troops fs
above all praise. They are contestfnE
every foot of the way, fighting like
tigers and with spirit and confdence,
even in the face of greatly superior
numbers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
GERMANY STATES
NEW BARRED ZONE
Waters Around Az0re Islands
and Channel to Greece
Specified.

AMSTERDAM. November "a new
Berlin announces. has been established
around the Azores, which have become
in economic and military respects i'm
portant hostile bases of Atlantic navi-
CATION
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22

~toH Dra<
ns .ne HssoS 90 The yil1ape
LeeNDoN' november 60
of Fontaine Notre Dame mas oeen GAY
tured By the British in their new Of
-. ~. os,,ce ani,ounces. The
iehsi~e. sno
Moving forward north OF CAntans
yesterday evening ou, Es...,,,.
ana captnfeo .ne -
Notre Dame. They took numoef oi
prisoners" (Fontaine Notre Dame ts
s....l,r.rte,s miles southwest
Of Czmbrai. on the main ROAD oee"ee"
Bapaume and Cambrai)
Report Of Last Night.
The report from Field Marshal Haie
beadauarters last night on the British
-. :, ~. c.nbrai sector reads:
drlVe IN inc ~ ~OAiho .. oe
today west and southwest of Cambria.
$500, r,,n has fallen continuously.
psinforcenents which the enemy
hu,riad nm 10 the battlefield to oppose
NJ. asrance have been driven out of a
Sr@hsr sar;es ~ villages and other for
l9eI ~a,t;ons end many additionaI
nrtsoners have been taken The tanks
..,n eiven great assistance to
90. ~ e,,r rivbt we made proeress in
+n. direction of Creyecoeur sur Les
can't Northeast of Masnieres We cap
trenches on the east bank of the
in this neighborhood and hostile coun-
Ter attacks were driven off,
r.,,+ar Attacks RepuIsed.
..North of Marcoing the village of
Novelties sur LEscaut was captured
early in the morning. Here also heavy
fighting occurred and the hostiie coun-
ter attacks were successfully rep9lsed.
During the morning Scottlsn FOODS
moving northeast from F1esquieres cap
tured the German deIensiVe mhes
southwest Of Cantaing' ana the viIIase
itself, together Win oo pl lisonel ..
Later in the DAY iney coh.inueu1 1 ene -
advance and esta themselves u,
the former German front lines;
North OF Anneux Mest hiorng pa.a
talions have been ensaeeo Win ine
enemy south ana soutn~es. oi 6uuaroi, ~
crossed the Bapauihe aiiini ai 'o"o anu
entered NoeuVres- ,.,,, ,o,,r
During the Gay stone ms .ies;t;an.
ter attacks agalnse our ne" ppnsno,,rs pnnsi.,U
IN the hei eissuot
nave oeen - nr,soners who have
passed through our eoisetlns rec csrs .a'iTh Ths
number of guns captured has not yet
been ascertained-
Fighting as in Other Wars.
BRITISH ARMY HEADQUARTERS
IN FRANCE, Wednesday, November
2l-The present battle. m~re than any
other in the western theater. has
taken on the SAVIOR of fighting in other
wars, when men struggled in the open
and cavalry made thrilling charges
against enemy guns Many military
critics have long contended that cav
alry was a thing of the past, but the
mounted men have refuted this claim
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Greatest Germanic Attack Yet
Delivered Is in Progress on
the Upper Piave.
DIAZ'S FORCES CHECK
MANY ENEMY RUSHES
Tremendous Struggle About Monte
Monfenera, Latins Yielding
Slightly.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ITALIAN HEADQUARTERS, wednes-
day, November 21.-The greatest mass
attack which the enemy had made is in
progress along the upper Piave river az
the point where it bends to the north
east into the Belluno Alps. As the
action proceeds the enemy is bringing
forward fresh masses Of his reserves, in
cluding picked troops of the Prussian
guard, besides some Of the best German
troops drawn from the western and Rus
sian fronts. He also has 10000 noun
taineers from lower Hungary, troops
which are noted for their brutal vandal.
ism.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Charge Follows Charge.

Beginning with artillery preparation
the Austro-GermAn infantry advances
came in successive waves, first at the
northernmost mountain. CornellA,
where the Como brigade Of Italians
held the line until crowded back BY
greatly superior numbers. The enemy
then took positions back OF the town,
Of Quero. and violent artillery and s1n-
fantry attacks were centered on Mon-'
fenera and Tomba. Much of the Aghf-
ing in the mountains was at Close
quarters. with bayonet charges and
desperate hand-to-hand struggles along
an extended front. Through Monday.
Tuesday and today charge followed
charge. and counter attack folloWe4
attack. In some of the bloodfe96
fighting ground has changed hAnd3
three or four times.
At the little village Of Naranzine, ON
the slopes of Monte Monfenera. the
enemy first gained 1odgment and sought
to surround the large italian force. Hqt
was thrown back by a splendid rally df
the Italian lines. which swept forward
with cheers until the position was clear.
1t was the bloodiest kind Of fghtink.
with bayonets first. and then with
bayonets wrenched from their sockets
and used as double-edged knives.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22
Action Shifts Westward.

The action through the day has
shifted westward from Monte Tomba
and Monte Monfenera to the slopes of
Monte Pertica. where the enemy rushes
have been checked. The Italian posi-
tions remain substantially unchanged
in the region of Monte Grappa. which
dominates the whole range of lower
hills. The monitor fleet, which is CO.
operating with the Italian fleet on the
mouth of the Piave. is Smelling heavily
the enemy positions menacing Venice.
Action Ebbs and Flows.
The action ebbs and flows around the
slopes OF three low mountains just
west Of the river-Monte Tomba, Monte
Monfenera and Monte Cornella- Monte
Monfenera 10 just on the edge of the
river. and 1t is here that some Of the
most desperate fighting has occurred.
1t is the key to the situation, AZ at
that point tho river turns into the
Venetian plains and the whole battle
hinges on control Of the river passage
leading to the plains.
The nrst assaults began five days ago
when Won Bellows Germans on the
lower Piave were swung northward
for this snprsme blow. Tho attaekA
have fntenkned steadily each day
until yesterday and today when they
reached the maximum
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-11-22

Cloudy and colder tonight; tempera-
ture about as; tomorrow fair, shifting
winds.
Temperature for twenty-four hours
ending pm. today: Highest. 81, at
ending pm. today: Highest, "a, at
pm. today: lowest a., at am. today.
Full report on page 20.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-08

origin and It's present culture. The
results of this study have now been
published as Department OF Agricll-
ture Bulletin 445.
All the evidence points to the fact
that the variety OF navel oranges now
so largely grown in this country first
came into existence Mt Cabulla, a SUI
hurb of Bahia, Brazil, early in the
nineteenth century as sport from
the selecta orange. The latter va
riety is still grown extensively near
Bahia and in other parts of Brazil
and some of the trees show marked
tendency at times to produce fruit
with weli-developed navels. Such
fruits. however, are not seedless.
though the number of seeds is reIa-
lively small
II was from the plantation OF a
Senior Teizeira. near Bahia, so far as
can be determined. that the budded
trees were obtained through which
the navel orange wood was introduced
into the United States. Several trees
were gotten from this plantation by
Presbyterian missionary, the rev. T.
J. G. Schneider, and shipped to vii.
liam Saunders. then horticulturist,
landscape gardener and superintend-
ent Of grounds Of the United States
department OF agriculture. Mr. Saun-
ders grew the trees in the depart
ment greenhouses, and trees propa-
gated from them were distributed to
California and Florida. The variety
proved to be unsuited to Florida con-
ditions, but in California 1t is very
productive and highly valued. AL
most the entire present planting of
the variety in that state can be traced
directly back to two OF the trees sent
there by Mr. Saunders in 1873.
The navel orange in Brazil, unlike
its descendent in California. grows
under warm. moist conditions. Seed
lings OF the bitter or sour orange
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-08
Grain Letter.
he'd by Long Commission Co.

Furnished by Long Commission Co,
40S Main. Telephone No. S5o-Ssl.l
CHICAGO, H., March Wheat
Some selling of wheat by discouraged
holders gave the market an easier
undertone early, but the beariSh
arguments of yesterday in regard to
the reselling Of wheat by the sea-
board were found to contain so little
truth that prices reacted easily and
the close was at good gains for all
deliveries. The most important item
in the days news is the government
figures on stocks remaining on farms,
| which showed a total Of l0l ,SSS,o0o
| bushels, or tl5.S per cent of the crop.
| These figures are lower than most
of the private estimates, and are re.
, garded as decidedly bullish.
Corn1Corn showed more strength
than wheat throughout the day and.
despite heavy realizing and good
! deal OF pressure from pit traders, the
market closed firm at an advance OF
70 cents to In cents, the May show
ing the greatest strength. Cash corn
was in good, demand. Hogs recover.
ed from the weakness of yesterday.
The government report OF farm re-
serves showed less than generally
expected and probably the smallest
reserves in years, being only 1884,
416 900 bushels, or 300 per cent OF
the crop. The amount shipped from
the counties grown is about 1T.6 per
cent, or about Is per cent less than
the two years previous. This would
indicate heavy farm. consumption.
higher prices are indicated.
Oats-The scattered offerings OF
eleventh hour bulls were readily alb
sorbed this morning by cash and
commission houses, the market quick.
ly reacting and closing at sharp
gains. Farm reserves Of 393, 9SS 900
bushels. or S1.5 per cent of the crop,
were smaller than any private esti-
mate vet issued. Outside markets
are bidding in the country wide
premiums over Chicago. The situa-
ton warrants buying.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-03-08

tcftrus aurantium) are employed al
most exclusively as stocks and the
navel orange seed is propagated on
them by shield budding in essentially
the same way as buds are propagated
in the United States. The trees are
usually planted on the tops and sides
of low hills. About the only culttva'
ton practiced consists in clearing the
land of weeds with a heavy hoe two
or three times year. Some OF the
owners of the larger groves are be-
ginning to manure their trees. Many
insects and diseases attack Brazilian
oranges, but of these only species or
ant is, In general, combated.
Ripe oranges may be obtained In Ba-
hia every month in the year. but the
two principal crops mature in June
July and Overwhelmingly. On an
average each tree produces about ESQ
oranges. Where the trees receive
good care. the yield probably will
compare favorably with that In Cal
ifornia. :