Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1917-06-09
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MECHANICAL REGULATION IN THE AUTOMOBILES
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESCRIBED BY EXPERTS


Inc following examples OF mecnans
ical regulation IN the electrical sys-
tenn Of the automobile are described
by David Penn o-etou and Darwin s.
Hatch as an instaIme1t IN their series
Of lessons prepared fer the benefit Of
motor car owners
Generator operated at Constant
speed by a slipping clutch controlled
by q centrifugal governor:-lf q shunt
generator be operated at q constant
speed the voltage vii. build up TO q
definite value and remain practically
constant The value Of this definite
voltage can be odtusted by changing
the value Of the re distance of the
shunt field winding and, unless there
Il q change in the speed or resistance
OF the field, will remain practically
constant SO long as there In no change
IN the value Of the current the genera.
TOR IL delivering
The regulation Of a number Of diff.
ferent systems put on the market by
the Gray & Davis Company il accom-
plished in this manner. In the systems
q series field winding usually is pro
yided. This series field is arranged to
carry all or q certain part Of the cur
rent delivered by the generator, and
its magnettzing action assists the mag.
netizing action Of the shunt field and
causes an increase in the value OF the
field strength with an increase In cur
rent delivered, and hence an increase
IN generated voltage with an increase
IN the current output. The magnetic
ing action of this series field 10 usually
adjusted 30 that the increase In gener-
ated voltage is Just enough to counter
act any loss In the armature and con-
meeting leads, due to the increased out
put, which results in the voltage At the
terminals remaining fairly constant
for all loads.
The cross section Of q generator Of
this type, made by the Gray & Davis
Company, il shown in Fig. ], and the
operation of the driving clutch will be-
apparent after q careful inspection OF
the figure. =
Al friction clutch used by the Auto
Lite Company IN some OF its earlier
equipments for operating the genera
tor az O constant speed is shown In
Fig. 2. The governor consists Of a.
drum, d. fastened to the driving shaft.
and Of two friction shoes. B. each be-
Ing attached TO q weight, w. normally
ing attAehedsto q weight, w, and nor
maily held against the inside surface
Of the drum by the action Of coiled
springs placed in the ends of the arm,
A, as the speed at which the arm A.
rotates increases there IL a tend
cncy for the weights, w, TO be thrown
outward from the point about which
they rotate. The two arms carrying
the weights are .pivoted at the ends Of
the arm, A, and as the weights are
thrown outward the action Of the
SPRINGS holding the friction shoes
against the cylinder q Decreased. The
speed Il which the clutch slips may be-
changed BY moving the weights. W, to-
ward or away from the points at which
the arms carrying them are pivoted.
The nearer the weights are to these
points the higher the speed necessary
Tor the clutch TO slip, and, likewise
the further these weights are away
from these points the lower the speed
necessary for the clutch to slip.
Reputation BY Centrifugal Governor
C6ntrifugal Governor Used In Insert
inc Resistance in the Charging Cir
cult A good example OF this type Of
regulation IS found in q machine man
uiactnred by the vesta Company. In
this machine the position OF rheostat
arm on the contact segments OF q
small rheostat Il controlled BY the &C
ton 81 8 centrifugal governor. The
end contact Of the rheostat on which
the end Of the rheoetat arm rests
.IrmnII1 and ii low engine speeds. Il
not EIecfficnily connected 10 any Of the
other circuits The charging circuit for
ne batlefy n connected TO the rheo-
stat arm, ana when the end Of the arm
"a on this nsuiated segment the cleo
fricaI connection between the genera
tor and the battery 10 not complete
The end Of the arm travels over the
contact segmsnts Of the rheostat with
a increase In speed. and when It
comes IN contact with the second point
the circuit connecting the generator
and battery Il closed. A further move
menf or the arm Inserts resistance In
series with the generator and battery
and thus prevents an excessive charg-
ing current
Some Of the earlier Delco systems
made use OF an ampere hour meter
that measured the quantity ofre1ectric-
ity put into and taken out OF the bat
terry and gave An indication Of these
1nantities on suitable dial The
pointer on the indicating dial Of this
Instrument travels q one direction
when the battery Is charging and IN
The opposite direction when the bat
terry Is discharging The difference in
the indications OF this pointer at two
dlfferent times Is measure Of the net
quantity Of electricity put in or drawn
from the battery during the interval
between taking the two readings.
A double set Of contacts is carried
"A the containing case Of the instrn.
nent, through which the field current
ol the generator must pass. Asmove.
nent Of the pointer Of the meter past
3 certain position causes one set Of
these contacts to open, and, with fur
Iher movement past this point IN the
rame direction, causes the second set
az confacfe Ia tepafate When the