davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
Summary of Outstanding
Developments In NelUs
From Various War Fronts
by the Associated Pres.

Peace negotiations between the Teu-
tonic allies and the Russians have
begun at Brest-Litovsk. Apparent
ly the enemy has played trump
card at the outset, for on the pro-
posal of Prince Leopold of Bavaria,
the German COMMUNICATIVE on the
Russian front, DIR. Won Kuehlmann
the German foreign secretary, and an
astute politician, has been chosen
unanimously as official chairman.
A noteworthy fact in the compost
ton of the delegations from the va
rious countries allied with the Aus
tro-Germans is that they include men
who have stood high in the councils
of their respective countries. while the
men who are to handle Russia's in
terests for the most part are unknown
in world politics
Still another outstanding fact in the
meagre details of the formation of the
conference that thus far have come
through is that Rumania is not cred
tied with having sent delegates to
BfeSt-IltOVSK. Ine possibility is,
therefore, that Rumania has decided
to hold aloof from discussing a sep
arate peace, Notwithstanding the fact
that geographically she will be COM
pleted isolated from her allies should
the negotiations result in Russia quit
ting the war;
On the fighting fronts, even in italy,
the activity of the troops is below
norHaal. In France and Belgium the
fighting that is in progress is merely
in the nature of outpost encounters
and bombardments, while on the
northern Italian front the enemy has
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
GENERAL PERSH|NG
REPORTS DEATH OF
TEN OF HIS MEN
Two Lost at Sea, Two Die
From Gunshot Wounds,
and Six From
Disease

Washington, December 23.-Genera
Pershing reported today the loss of two
soldiers swept overheard and drowned
from a transport at sea December II.
the death of two others from gunshot
wounds and six from natural caluses,
The list includes six southern men, as
follows:
4 Corporal William Fauntleroy, steve
dore regiment. December 20, gunshot
wounds, father George Fauntleroy. OF
Kingsdale. Va. a.
Private Irving Taylor, labor company,
December IS, influenza, wife. Houston,
Texas.
Private Peter Worship. stevedore reg
iment, December s. lobar pneumonia,
wife, Philips. Miss.
Private Ned Pickens, stevedore regi-
ment, December II, lobar pneumonia,
sister, Eliza johnson, Cruger, Miss.
Private Vincent Shivers. Jr, labor COM
pany, December 49, influenza, wife, Arm
istead La.
Private Floyd B. Diamond, headquar.
ters train, December 10 Qisted among
deaths from natural causes, exact dis
ease not given). brother, r. L. Diamond
r. F. D., No. !, Winnsboro, La.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24

hOh0Gy 0AhhGhs
Hundreds of thousands of pounds OF
the best turkeys to be bought in the
eastern markets have been sent across
the Atlantic ocean, not only for General
Pershings men, but for the b!uelackets
of the navy patrolling foreign waters.
Bountiful provision also has been made
for the army training camps and can
tonments and for the navy stations and
ships in home waters.
MENU ON SHIP
One battleship has announced that its
Christmas menu will be: Mock turtle
soup, olives roast turkey (sage dress
ing), giblet gravy, cranberry sauce, pota-
toes au gratin, celery, roast loin of pork.
mixed pickles. buttered beets, apple
sauce mashed sweet potatoes, asparagus
salad, cheese and crackers, apple pie, choc-
olate cake, ice cream, fresh fruit, nuts
and raisins, coffee, cigars
The war and navy departments say no
member of the armed forces will fail
to receive a Christmas token from home
friends or from we'll wishing organiza-
lions Of patriotic citizens. Transports
have carried to France approximately
/, Ask, 900 pounds of Christmas gifts for
the men of the expeditionary forces,
through special arrangements made by
the government In addition to 100000
separate parcels handled by the military
authorities and already reported received
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
600 French War Orphans
Are GiUen Real Christmas
BY American Fighting Men

y
with the American Army in France,
Saturday. December .22.-(By the AS
ISOLATED Press. The United States,
represented by contingent Of her
fighting men. tonight took to her
bosom 800 OF the war orphans Of France
and made each Of them happy. In adj
dition 10000 francs were raised with
which to provide for the children dur
ing the coming year.
This was all done at Christmas
entertainment arranged by the off
GERS and men Of certain national
guard division In conjunction with the
French authorities and the French
War Orphans' society. Each boy and
girl received what they most desired
from q gigantic Christmas tree set VII
in divisional headquarters town. An
American lieutenant played the part
|of Santa Claus.
II was the drst real GOOD time m
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
Santa Claus Special From
Ohio Reaches Montgomery
With Governor and Gifts

Montgomery, December 2s--Travel
Ing on the train which brought to
Camp Sheridan thousands OF Christ
mas presents for the Ohio troops, Gov.
James M. Cox, Mrs. Cox and the gov
ernor's party, who will spend the next
five days In camp, arrived at Mont
gomery at 2:40 o'clock Sunday after
noon. going direct to the hotel where
apartments had been reserved for
them. Sunday afternoon was given
over by the visitors to receiving Of
ficers and friends from the training
camp, division and brigade command
ers paying their respects to the Ohio
executive.
In the governors party were Gov
ernor and Mrs. Cox. James Cox, Jr.
and Houston Low Adjt. Gen George HI
Wood, Colonel Gimperling, Assistant
Adjutant General Charles Allen and
other prominent citizens OF the Buck
eye state
Governor Cox was filled with en-
thusiasm over the plans for making
the mems Christmas one OF pleasure
and asserted that people of Ohio were
indeed happy over the brilliant show
ing their sons are making in the mill
itary service Of the countryD On the
governors train came more than zoo
women. who come to spend the holi.
day season with husbands, brothers
ann sweethearts.
The visitors were met by a large
general committee OF leading Alabam.
ians. headed by Gen. r. f. Lyon 81
Alabama Col. F. W. Galbraith and
Lieutenant Colonel Hall.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
AliA Enemies Suspected
Of Causing Explosion in
Barbour Company Mine

redwood Tenn, December %. the
belieflt that the explosion in the mine Of
the Harbour Coal company. near Memo,
WHEEL caused the death Of II miners,
|mightlhave been the work of alien enc
miles, the government has dispatched
inspector Webb from Philadelphia to
make Ia thorough investigation State
inspectors are said to have come to
the cdnclusion that the explosion was
due to| what Is known among miners as
4 wildly shot, but this theory is I'M
Satisfactory to the general authorities. 1t
IL said. OFFICERS of the coal company
deciars that the explosion Is without
precedent. Miners caught In different
parts Of the workings had many mar
row escapes. many Of them being COM
PEELED to grope5 their way for over 60l
feet through the darkness and menaced
by dust. gas and smoke on their hands
and knees.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
GERMANY ADMITS
/ BRITISH LOSSES IN
SHIPS ON DECLINE
But Claims This Is Because
of Decrease i'm the Number
Of Vessels ii. he Re-
stricted Zone

London. December 23.-An official state
ment has been issued in Berlin, accord
ing to q Reuter- dispatch from Amster-
dam, regarding references to Reuter-
dispatch from Amsterd ana regarding Ell
ererces py Premier LLOYD George on he
cember 70 on the submarine warfare. II
says hts assertions that British rnercan-
tile tonnage losses have declined undoubt-
edly is correct but that 1t is due to the
extraordinary decrease in world shipping
In consequence Of the barred zone war
fare and particularly Of cargo space
available for British traffic as result
Of which sinkings by our u-boats must
necessarily gradually decline" The state
nlent adds:
Even the convoy system with its pro-
gressive extension works in increasing
measure In our favor, for 1t means, espe-
cially In consequence OF inevitable heap
ing up of shipping In ports and conse-
quent delays, such big losses In the util-
liable cargo space that it requires a
very considerable total OF sinkings to
equal such loss of available shipping by
the direct method OF ship destruction
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
Chickasaw Shipbuilding Co.
Closes Lighting Contract
With Mobile Concern

Mobile December 2s.-(special)-Con
tract has been closed between the Mo-
bile Electric company and the Chicka-
saw Shipbuilding company, the latter
United States Steel corporation subsid-
larry, for 4o0-horsepower clrcait five
miles in length, for power and lighting
at Chickasaw. The site where the 10
ways for the shipbuildins plant will be
constructed will be connected with 200
horsepower pump This pump will be
5used to draw water from the low land
surrounding it. The shipbuilding com
pany is to construct levy along the
tract to protect it from high water. The
water which flows from UP above the
tract will be pumped out.
Trainloads of lumber are arriving at
Chickasaw and it is believed thai the
extensive building planned will soon be
under way.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
Summary of the News
GENERAL NEWS

WnlN LIMA Il N n vtS
Herman general made chairman of
peace conference.
Farm loan board would forestalI
attack ON law.
AustrO-Germans planning furious
attack ON Italian line.
General Pershing reports death OF
10 men.
Germany admits British losses Of
ships ON decline.
Paris alarmed BY expected air raid,
which did not develop.
2--Both Teasley and Wallace will op-
pose dry amendment.
LOCAL NEWS
2-Allison contends Alabama deleEa-
tion In Conxress mot inconsixt-
emit ON suffrage question.
3-AIlen contends reply Of president
revenue board inadequate.
5-Lightless night II success.
what war really Means ID told by
English visitor.
Chrkatmas crowds orderly.
Grand master sends official letter
to Odd Fellows.
FEATURES
4-EdftorinH comment.
0Market review.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
TURKS CONDUCTING
GUERILLA WARE ARE
AROUND JERUSALEM
Mount of Olives Proves to
Be Splendid Observation
Point to Watch the
Enemy in Hills

London, December 23.--Since the Turks
were driven out OF Jerusalem they have
been conducting guerilla warfare to the
north and east Of the city, splitting up
into numerous small bodies to attack
British outposts, to snipe patrols and
generally to make themselves unpleasant
says Reuters correspondent at Jerusa
lem, telegraphing under date of Deem
Der Is.
Such tactics" the correspondent says
ARE greatly facilitated by the fact that
the country is so hilly and inteTsected
|by lso many ravines and small rivers. TIC
improve the British position the taking
Of certain ridges has been ordered sc
that there may be a wider range Of
defense. All these moves have been sue
cssfully carried out.
"A remarkable opportunity to view this
fighting is afforded by the Mount Of
Owes, which makes what is probably the
NEST wonderful observation past in the
world In the clear atmosphere of Pal
estne objects 5000 to 5000 yards away
LOOK as If they were within piston shot
The winding course of the Jordan is
Clearly visible and motorboats may be
seen Swimming the surface If the Dead
|Sea
"Cne of the most brilliant pieces Of
WORK during the recent operations was
the capture of Bethlehem. The Turks had
strong fortifications here with numerous
field guns on the outskirts Of tn, town
The troops which had been ordered to
e. =
the At. threatening the Turkish line Of
retrat and compelling the Turks to with
draw
rWSlsh troops then entered Bethlehem
at dstbreak.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
1t is estimated that an additional 1901
went directly through the mails.
ALL PARCELS EXAMINED

1t is estimated that an additional 10000
went directly through the mails.
ALL PARCELS EXAMINED
All parcels were opened at the Ameri-
can port and their contents examined to
prevent possible Transmission of danger
Gus articles which might have been sent
by enemies. Officers in charge Of this
work have reported that the home folk
sent their men wide assortment of re-
membranes, most of which were appro-
pirate for Immediate use and ministered
to the comfort of men exposed to camp
or trench life.
CHRISTMAS ENTERTAINMENT
Through the war and navy departments
commissions on training camp activities.
all camps, environments and stations will
have special Christmas entertainments.
There will be athletic events, amateur
theatricals, community concerts and re-
ligious observances through the Y. M.
g. A., K of C. and Y. NJ. H. A. organ
izations There will be motion pictures
at many camps in the evening, and regi-
mental bands will furnish music
AS on Thanksgiving Day the citizens
Of the communities in the vicinity OF
camps will contribute to the entertain
ment of the men with house parties, au-
tomobile rides and dinner parties. Sew
eral fraternal organizations have made
special arrangements for the entertain
ment of their membership at the camps.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24


children had had since the war began,
for the fathers Of nearly all OF them
are dead. having given their lives for
France. Many Of them also were moth
eriess. Not few Of them within found
were wandering aimlessiy around the
war zone. unable to tell who they were
The parentage of numbers OF them
still remains unknown.
Prior to the distribution OF the pres
ents. in the purchase Of which many
an American soldier dug deep into his
funds. there was concert for which
number Of French singers from Paris
volunteered their services The pro-
krammes were paintedN by famous
French artists. These had been signed
by Marshal Joffre, General De Cas-
telnau and General Toch Two pro-
Grnhmes signed BY Gen. John J.
rershing. the American commander
in-chtef, and others by American d.
vteionaI commanders Fers aucttoned
and brought 9oodiy sums. is
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
Swiss Minister Does Not
Fear Austr0-G Germans
Will Violate Neutrality

Berne. Switzerland. December ~.
Public opinion in France may be re-
assured regarding the report In CIR
culation in that o6untry that an Aus
tro-German Offensive through Switzer-
land is in preparation. Gustave Ador,
Swiss foreign minister, told the cor
RESPONDENT o. the Paris Petit Journal
today.
my sincere personal opinion, sail
M. Ador, rs that we need not have the
slightest fear of such an attempt. Cor
many has other things to DO on the
western front than get the Swiss
army on nor back and from the I.
nomic point Of view Germany has I
cry interest not to make an enemy
Of switxerlanA"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
Chinese Order B0lshevik
Forces to Leave Hardin

Picking, Friday December N.-The Chi
|nese commandment at Hardin, Manchuria,
delivered an ultimatum to the Bolshevik
headquarters today giving the extrenn-
lists 4S hours to disarm and leave Har-
bin. Otherwise. they were warned,
force would be used.
The Chinese continue to strengthen
their military forces at Hardin. Lieuten-
Ant General Horvath, the Russian mill
tary commander at Hardin, is assisting
the Chinese. Because of the existing
conditions he has taken UP his residence
in the area under Chinese control
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
4 Dispatch From Brest-
Litovsk Says Negotia-
tions Are Begun
CONFLICT Continues
BETWEEN UKRANIANS
AND THE BOLSHEVIKI.
Threat Is Made to Starve the
New Regime Out at
Capital
KAISER TO BE PRESENT

London, December ga dispatch
to the Exchange Telegraph from
Copenhagen says:
The Berliner Zeitung says En-
peror William has informed his
government that he contemplates
going to Brest-Litovsk if the dip
lomats arrive at an agreement, in
which case he will endeavor to as
semble all the sovereigns and re-
gents of Europe in a peace con-
ference, as was done after the Ma
poleonic wars.
"The Emperor is credited with
having declared that everybody
wants peace and that the future
offers so many great tasks that all
states must cooperate in them"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24

lost the initiative, which is entirely
in the hands of General Diaz's men.
The situation on the Italian front
is not expected to remain long as it
is, however, for the Austro-Germans
are constantly bringing up heavy re-
Inducements and a return to their
offensive, which has in view the
gaining of the Venetian plain, Is to
be expected. The enemy is faced by
a hard task to accomplish his aims,
for it Is a different army that hs
must meet than that which retreated
from the Isonzo.
Reinforced by British and French
troops and newly equipped in every
department, the Italians now are pre-
pared to sell, and at dear price,
every inch of ground that the Austro-
Germans may take.
In Argentina demonstrations in fa-
vor of the South American republic
entering the war against the Teu-
tonic allies continue as a result Of
the latest exposures of German in
trigue in dispatches sent by Count
Won Luxburg, the former German
minister. to the foreign office in Ber-
lin. Extreme bitterness is being
evinced by the populace against Ger
many and demonstrations are daily
taking place which require the use of
troops to repress. The present week
is expected to see the Argentine Con-
gress take hand in the question as
to whether Argentina shall enter the
war.
Saturday nights raid by German
aircraft over the English east coast
was without result, SO far as casual
ties or material damage are con-
cerned. One OF the German machines
was brought down during the raid.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
AIR RAID ALARM
G|VENIN PARIS;
ATTEMPT FAILS

Paris, December 2S.-There was another
air raid alarm in Paris last night Of
fetal announcement was made that tbs
noise Of motor had been heard to the
northeast at $40 and secondary alarm
was given in Paris immediately, while
Illuminating shells were fired by defense
posts in the outskirts in Paris. The
city alarm was over at 9:15 p. m.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
IAUSTRO GERMANS
PLANNING FURIOUS
| ATTACK ON LINE
| AT MONTE ASOLONE
They Consider Positions
Here as Absolutely Nee
essary for Their Success
HOPE OF STAMPEDING
ITALIAN FORCES is
ENTIRELY GIVEN UP
But They Want to Occupy
High Peaks Overlooking
the Valley as Soon as
Possible
ny the Associated Press

Rome, December 23.-The official
statement issued today from general
headquarters reports only local en-
counters, detailing three instances in
which the italian troops made sue
cessfuI raids enemy posts and mem
fleming half dozen places where the
enemy unsuccessfulIy attempted raids
ON the Italian line.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24
Every American Soldier In
France Will Get Christmas
Turkey and the "Fieings''
War Department Announces Safe Arrival of Delayed
Ships Carrying Sufficient Supplies for All Units.
Bountiful Provision Is Also Made for
Blue Jackets in Foreign Waters

soldier in France to
and pie after
delayed
had arrived safely and that mem
and abroad would complete
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1917-12-24

lost the initiative. which is entirel
in the hands of General Diaz's mel
Evening star., 1917-11-21
Worker Gets Preference.

When the food shortage in Germany
is under consideration. it must be un-
derstood that the cities and the con-
gested industrial districts are the prin-
cipal sufferers. There is an administra-
tive theory that all the food In the en-
pire is to be put in a pot. 50 to speak,
and that each shall be entitled to draw
from that Pot precisely the amount re-
quired to keep him up to his particular
job. The workman in the munitions
factory is given preference next to the
soldier in the front-line trench. The
person least considered is the housewife
or the man engaged in a sedentary oc-
cupation. That is the theory-but there
are many exceptions The farmer is an
exception much in the foreground.
"It is an odd fact" said one man who
has known much of present-day condi-
tions in Germany. that the farmer is
invariably fat and rosy"
Evening star., 1917-11-21
VICTORY IN WAR IS AIM
OF THE FRENCH premier
Declares # Germany Should Express
Desire for Society Of Nations
He Would Object.

PARIS, Tuesday. November 20.-The
war aim of Premier Clemenceau is to be
a victory. he told the chamber of deputies
today.
'If Germany tomorrow expressed wish
to enter into the society of nations.
would not agree NJ. Clemenceau said.
for Germany's signature cannot be
trusted.
You ask what my war aims are? My
aim Is to be a victor"
During interpretations after the min
fsterial declaration, Deputy Pierre For
geot demanded the firm handling of the
political scandals. He declared that Louis
j. Malvy, former minister OF the interior,
either is a traitor or that Leon Daubet,
Malvy's accuser. is scoundrel. He de-
manded that the connection with the
scandals of Joseph Caillaux, tie former
premier. should be made clear Premier
Clemenceau made an approving gesture
and NJ. Caillaux applauded. but the pre-
mier In reply refused to enter into de-
tails He assured the chamber that jus
tice would be dealt rapidly and relentless
y for crimes against the country.
The premier expressed sympathy with
the socialists and idealists, but declared
that experiments we're impossible in war
time. He turned the laugh on some Of
his interrupters by saying that the only
advantage OF old age is that one becomes
deaf.
Evening star., 1917-11-21
AIRMAN IN RISKY TASKS.
n'Annunzio's Undertakings Not Re
vealed "for Military Reasons"

nunzio writes to a friend that he is
working indefatigably with his com
panion airmen Of the italian army in
most risky undertakings. the results
of which cannot be revealed for mill
tary reasons. In the letter he says:
Like Antaeus, every time the en-
tente falls 1t rises again with redoubled
vigor. because 1t represents invincible
right Thus the Italian reverse now
Is causing a revival of the energies
of the allies which will lead to ulti-
mate victory. Unlike Antaeus, who
was crushed by Hercules when he was
cut of from contact with mother earth.
the airrnen will be the salvation of the
present war In their contact with and
Evening star., 1917-11-21
Kitchens Feed Poor.

To take the meat issue by way of
example in Berlin, each housewife Is
forced to register with a single butch
er for a period Of six weeks, during
which time she cannot buy meat else
where. The butcher turns In his cards
to the authorities. who are thus en-
abled to know to an ounce the meat
demands of the city for the six weeks
to come
The very poor are sufficiently fed in
the soup kitchens organized in every
city and supported in part by allow
ances from the municipalities and in
part by private charity. The workman
is making from three to four times as
much wage as he ever made before, and
If he is not able to buy as much food
as he would like, he at least buys the
best and most nourishing foods on the
market-which is not intended as a
blanket recommendation Of their quail
ity-and sometimes buys more than he
is entitled to from food smuggler
1t is the middle class families, who
live on incomes. or whose supporting
heads depend on salaries that have not
been considerably increased or on pro-
fessional takings that are even less
than before the war. that are actually
suffering.