davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02

to represent stone lions or panthers.
although the archaeologists are able
to trace them out perfectly. This is
supposed to be the emblem Of tribe
of prehistoric hunters.
II is said that when these people
were about to abandon their, cir
homes it was customary to paint or
carve series of symbols in some Sc
cluded spot near the site Of their
homes, which seems to account for
the curious photographs and sculpture
hidden away in the smaller canyons.
knowledge or Colors.
These aboriginal painters had con-
siderable knowledge Of color and
handled them with good effect. espes
cially in the decoration Of their pot
terry. Yellow and gray were always
decorated with black lines. Red ware
was almost invariably decorated with
black and red lines. Four shades of
red were used, two shades Of this coll
or being frequently applied to the
same bowl. The ornamentation of
the pottery was bold and striking.
How did these people live, what did
they eat. and what did they wear. are
questions which can be answered only
Of defense, for it was the Stone Age
no metals, no rifles, no devices for
throwing projectiles and no poisonous
gases to let loose over the enemy's
trenches? Who drove the people
away, and where did they go, are
questions which puzzle the brains of
the most famous psychologists. That
they did exist is unquestionable for
every day the explorers work they
come upon new evidence of the life,
Of a people who knew how to provide
for themselves. >l
Prayer feathers are frequently dis
covered in the rear of the caves. Bones
fashioned into tools and pieces of.
cloth made from yucca 6bres are in
all the caves of the ruins in New
Mexico. Every dwelling had its metates
or grinding stone, and in many of
them dried corn and the seeds of the
squash and gourd have been found.
Water jars and urns have been found
intact. That there was a certain kind
of communal at the time is shown by
the number of kivas even in the caves.
That they knew how to conserve their
water supply is proven by the NUNS
Der Of reservoirs found in the vicinity.
Year after year the archaeo1ogists
work amid these ruins OF ages ago
endeavoring to learn the full history
of this race of men who lived in these
queer stone tents In the dim and dis
tant long ago.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02
be swallowed.
Has Wide Market Canned.

be swallowed.
Has Wide Market Canned.
SThe grayfish is excellent eaten fresh.
being firm in texture, rich and gen
orally excellent in taste, and is found
by test to be thoroughly wholesome
The variety Of ways in which it is
served makes it a distinct addition to
the country's diet. A large market
for it's distribution as fresh product
has been found by the Bureau of Fish
cries in New York, in connection with
the tile fish industry.
It is, however, as a canned and pre-
served product that it finds its widest
market and is making it's way to every
part Of the United States. It. is also
sailed and dried like cod, smoked and
packed in variety of styles. The
smoked fish is excelled by few prod
Bureau of; Fisheries hopes to see it's
sale in large Quantities in this form
The expectation of fresh-caught
grayfsh will be limited, as is the case
with other fish of it's kind. AS a gen.
eral, rule the dominant fish in mar
ket are produced comparatively near
by. The catch of the North Atlantic,
for example, stays almost entirely
east of the Alleghenies. The Gulf
and the Lakes and the Mississippi
supply the interior and ship but lit
tie over the eastern range.
The Pacific coast alone sends two
staple varieties of fish throughout the
country, namely, halibut and salmon.
These fish are sent on express schedule
across the continent in carload lots,
packed in fine ice and constitute,
with red snapper from the Gulf. most
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02
Ruins As Ancient AS Those Of Babylon and Mn
evan To Be Seen in New Mexico Relics OF
the Stone Age Now Being Unearthed.
International Syndicate.

and plateau near Santa Fe. New
Mexica, where the remarkable stone
tents are to be found, cliff houses
oncej inhabited by people who knew
how to fashion the most beautiful
pottery, and how to weave cloth. and
who lived in communicating latter
being proven by the number of rooms
in each cave Or stone tent. They
even buried their dead in the far back
chambers of their cliff homes. Only
few years ago the archaeologists
who were exploring the ruins came
upon the body of woman CARRIED
in curious woven cloth like burlap
and beaver skin. How long the body
had been buried in it's cave grave no
one may even conjecture, and the
scientists guesses vary all the way
from 5000 B. C. to 400 A D.
Whether these people lived entirely
in the stone tents or Whether they
spent a part Of the time on the
plateau above is question. How
ever, their agricultural pursuits must
have been carried or On the plateau
as there were, evidd les Of irrigation
in this section long before the work
was taken up by the United States
Government. The cement or clay
used by the ancient people is of
kind that is most difficult to destroy,
it being far more durable than that
used in the present day. That they
went to and from the cliffs is evil
denced by the worn trail which leads
to the stone tent city. None of the
Indians who live in the vicinity know
anything of the trail except that it
thas always been there" The same
is said of the photographs painted on
the rocks. They have always been
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02
- Is ZG1e e
2TZ2o ZN22c

formations of white stone some Of
which are thirty feet In height They
are known as the "Tent Rocks and
artificial, which have been utilized as
human habitations. That the dwell
ers at this point were contemporaries
of those in the larger canyons is
shown by the fact that the pictogra phs
on the rocks are of the same style.
At distance these queer rocks re-
semble huge bee hives. Some of the
residents even built porches over the
doorways of their rocky homes The
usual kiva or ceremonial chamber has
been unearthed in many of the ruins
and 1t is not unlike that found in the
cliff ruins of Mesa Verde Park, in
Southwestern Colorado, although the
cliff houses at this point were built
in sides OF the canyon and not formed
by Nature as those of the stone tents
These cliff homes were used to house
goats and sheep during the Spanish
regime, and later, after the Civil War,
horse thieves and outlaws held sway
over the place. r
But the stone tents and caves are
not the only thing Of interest in this
section for the floor of the valley con-
tains the ruins of number of
pueblos, especially on the Pajarito
Plateau. These pueblo structures are
invariably cluster Of rooms or cells.
There are numerous variations Of ex-
tension and arrangement The small
er structures were but one story in
height, while the larger ones were
from two to four stories, although
none were as large as those of Taos.
Puyf Village Large.
The cliff village at Puye must have
been an extensive one. The mesa Is
a mile and a quarter in length and
nearly all Of the south face is honey
combed with dwellings. A ledge mid
way up the cliff divides 1t into two
parts. Dwellings are both above and
below the ledge. While the most of
these are still unrestored the traveller
who will make the difficult climb to
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02

teeth and leaves him helpless and
exasperated. The American fisher
man has in times past resented the
intrusion of this miSchievous thief of
his lawful prey and, naturally also, no
name has been too bad to apply, and
the mildest one in common use was
\"dogfish."
Sought A New Name
This was poor name for the Fish
cries Service to- conjure with. 1t lacked
an alluring sound; besides, there are
several inferior fish known by the
same name. For both reasons it was
desirable to call it something else,
and grayf1sh was selected as obvious
ly appropriate. The grayfish is
trim, clean, clipper-built fish, swift in
the water. as it's piratica1 habits nee
essitate.
Adult grayfish weigh from five to
fifteen pounds, seven pounds being
common weight. They feed on fish,
crabs, shrimps and even Holsters, and
in exclusive animal diet are like blue
our important food fishes. But they
are so ravenous in getting it that they
frequently make themselves nuisances
by robbing the fishermen's nets and
trawl lines.
The grayish is found on both shores
of the North Atlantic and ranges
south, almost or quite to the tropics,
and on the high seas between. They
travel in great schools, making sud-
den forays on the coasts, remaining
for time and then as suddenly dis
appearing. When they arrive on a
fishing ground, they take possession
land are likely to either eat or drive
away every other fish not too big to
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02
With TIE High Cost Of
Living Such Potent Fac
tor Today, Uncle Sam Sug-
eests Fish AS a,Means Of
Economy : The New
Grayfish introduced By
the U. S. Bureau Of Fish
cries. \
cries.

Copyright, 1917, by The International
Syndicate.
- HE less wealthy citizen of the
United States must take greater
stock in the fish supply Of
- America than she has hitherto
done: for in the nature Of things the
price of meat is rapidly leaving him
with fish as one Of the new. food
products available to supply the nitro
genous element in his menu.
IL he will but look at the case in
its true light, however, he, will find
himself better off than he thinks, for
the American fish supply is well wor-
thy of wider acquaintance, and closer
study than has heretofore been given
it by the average householder.
In it's unexplored fish resources this
country has within its own domain
an unused wealth of food material
(which any other country in the world
would consider itself most fortunate
in possessing.
America Neglects Her Aquatic
Wealth.
The American people have never
realized the desirability of fish food
from the viewpoint Of either nutri-
ment or palatability; the housewives
have failed to take advantage Of the
varieties at hand IN every section Of
the United States. and have not
learned the best methods Of cooking
fish in ways to enhance its food value
or its attractiveness.
Some OF the best fish in the world
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02

MERlCA mas been regarded as
a. new country discovered a
few centuries ago. as a vast
- territory of waste land stretch
ing over thousands Of miles east and
west and north and south, inhabited
by bands Of indolent and savage In
dams. But the area~west of the Mis-
sissippi is still younger in the annals
OF history as little was known about
it even a hundred years ago, and yet
as the searching and scrutinizing eye
of science has explored the deserts
and the ravines of our great South
west unmistakable evidences Of the
existence lof a race or races of people
have been discovered which convince
us that perhaps whilst Greece and
Rome and Egypt and Assyria were
working out their problems toward
progress and civilization there dwelt
in southwestern United States peo-
pie who have left traces Of a civiliza-
ton as far advanced as their con-
tenn poraries in the old countries, and
who knew how to provide for their
needs and comforts by ways and
means superior to those in the coun-
tries of Biblical history. And yet
this strange people is no more. having
left almost buried amid the rocks and
sands of ages the marks of their ex-
istence from which the scientists will
be able to build an authentic theory
OF their manners and customs and
the degree of civilization they reached
at period perhaps as remote as the
wanderings Of Abraham on the plains
OF Mesopotamia.
A Civilized Race.
A number of homes occupied by
these people are still extantin valley
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02

Copyright. 1917, by The International
Syndicate.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-02
Copyright, 1917. by

MERICA has been regarded as
a. new country discovered
few centuries ago. as a vast
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-05-10
MULLICAN!
(smack, Smack, smaekD

Ever eat "mulligan?"
It's about the eatingest thing there
is. Ask any hobo. He knows.
"Mulligan" is stew and those
who are sin the know" say that it is
one Of few foods upon which alone
life can be sustained.
If America ever gets to the NULL
gan state of affairs the hobo Will be
the best chef in the land, for he knows
the innermost secrets OF mulllgan
construction.
In mulligan there are meat, vege-
tables and bread. Simple, to be sure
but to know how to put these
things together so as to make high
class mulligan-there is where the
art comes in.
As preparedness measure, get a
mulligan recipe from the next hobo
that comes to your door. Wichita
Beacon.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-05-10
THREE COWS AND A LIVING

Probably some of you say this is
false heading, but we believe we have
good proof that it is the truth.
A couple Of weeks ago, Leo Davis,
young farmer living mile north
west of town, gave US the report of
his dairy business for the month Of
March. Leo was milking three cows
and after having all the cream, milk
and butter he and his wife needed for
table use, he sold $2.15 worth of
cream, and fed one pig, two calves
and a bunch of chickens with SKIM
med milk. Leo says he considers
milk worth fully as much for laying
hens as for pigs.
Then figuring reasonable gain
on the pigs and calves, the eggs pro-
duced, and the value of the products
used on the table it is reasonable to
estimate the income from the three
cows at about $4,000 for the month.
Considering the high cost Of living
out of tin cans and paper sacks we
believe that every farmer can well al
ford to take the trouble to milk
half dozen good cows and watch his
bank account grow and stop worry
ing over grocery bills.
A number Of young people have
been married during the past year
around Goodwill, and Leo DAVIS Is
one of the young fellows who has
started out on the right track to keep
on the safe side Of the ledger
If YOU never tried the dairy bust
ness and are getting scared at war
prices of necessities, Just buy few
first class Holsteins or Jerseys and
stop your troubles.-Goodwell News.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-05-10

Instead of showering the bride and
groom departing on their wedding
trip with rice, how much better it
would be to wait and give them q po-
tato shower after they come home.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-05-10
The Man Who Can't Learn
Should Take a Back Seat

We don't want to brag of any especial achieve
mentS part, but would like to call YOUR at
tention to the fact that have learned few things
in connection with
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-23

! ties on the north and in the centre. De-
spite all efforts, these attacks had been
repulsed and Russian pressure upon Aus
tria had continued. Nor was there more
shining opportunity to be found far TO
the south on the Rumanian frontier. To
attack here was still to permit the Russian
pressure, the main thrust at Hungary, to
continue. Equally unattractive was the
front along the Carpathians, for here the
Russians, even were they driven back,
would be able to maintain long and cost
" defence in the Dukla and Lupkow
passes, possessing communications behind
them and already holding the crests of the
range along the portion of the mountain
front which was available for operations.
/ The decision of the Germans was, there
I fore, for the front between the Car
pathians and the Vistula, where the Rus
sian line, having made the great elbow
west of the Dukla Pass, ran straight to
the north. Could they break the Russian
line here the Germans would threaten the
rear and communications of the armies
| fighting along the Carpathians, particular
| ly that of Brusiloff. Here they might hope
to achieve, as they did in fact almost
achieve, another Sedan, but they could be
assured that in any event successful pene-
tration Of the Dunajec line would cause
the collapse of the whole Russian front
/ from the upper Vistula to Rumania, with
the consequent liberation of most of Ga
/ licia.
| The method by which the German
sought to attain his goal is of supreme in
terest because it reveals new form Of
warfare. 1t was repeated in every detail
at Verdun, and in a modified form at the
Somme, and an examination OF the sys-
tenn sheds invaluable light on the later
struggle. 1t represented the application OF
new weapons and new discoveries to the
art of war, and it is landmark IN mill
tary history, on the scientific side. All the
battles that came after this struggle 1or
the next two years and half were IN the
main of the same type.
At Neuve Chapelle Field Marshal Sir
John French had almost achieved MAJOR
snccess-the actual breaking Of the Ger
man line by means of massed artillery
commandment On a front Of less than
mile he had concentrated three hundred
runs. The storm from this artillery, the
"drumfire" of this unprecedented concen-
tration, had swept away the German
trenches and the German barbed WIRE
The road to Lille had been open for hours
after this tornado of shells, and it was the
failure of reserves to arrive that mad
snoiled the best chance the Allies were TO
have for more than two years to break the
German line from Switzerland to the sea-
The method of French was now adopted
by Mackensen, but it was magnihed 10
colossal proportions. In place OF three
hundred guns the Germans transported 10
Western Galicia not less than two thou
sand guns, many Of them of the heaviest
calibre. and behind them they massed
head of shells hitherto unprecedented IN
war. What Sir John French had done 10
q mile of German front in Flanders
Mackensen now purposed to do to many
miles of the Russian front. Nor was TINS
all Having broken the lines before nm,
be purposed, still moving his heavy ar
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-23
Brusiloff Barely Escapes

The position of Brusiloffs army now be-
came one of extreme peril. The collapse
of Dimitrieff's army had opened his flank
and rear; the victorious Germans were
nearer to his lines of communication than
were his main forces, which were far south
of the Carpathians. And the German ad-
vance was moving rapidly across his rear
with the clear purpose to seize these lines
of communication and thus encircle him,
throwing Mackensen's forces to his rear,
while the armies before him in the Carpa-
thians passed to the attack to hold his
troops on their front. Yet Brusiloff did
escape, and his escape was as brilliant as
the similar maneuvre of Kluck before
Paris, when the German general slipped
away from the British and brought his
troops back to parry and beat down the
deadly thrust of the French north of the
Marine and west of the Ourcq.
Had Dimitrieff taken the trouble to pre-
pare line behind him at the Wislok, there
would have been no great danger to Brush
loft, and his retreat might have been delib-
crate, although there is little reason to be-
lieve that the Russians could have fought
more than delaying fight at this stream,
for the German artillery concentration was
too overwhelming to allow sustained resist
snce by an army as hopelessly outgunned
as the Russian. On May the German ad-
vance passed the Wislok at the important
railroad junction of Jaslo. The next day
the Germans were across the Wistok, an
other river coming north out of the Carpa-
thians parallel to the Dunajec and the
Wislok, and again offerinseAn advanta-
geous defensive position had ne Russians
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-23

Under a bombardment estimated to have
consumed 100000 shells the whole Rus
sian lines Of defence collapsed, the trenches
were levelled, the barbed wire entangle
ments destroyed; under the terrible she'll
fire the Russian troops died in great num-
hers. Their resistance was not merely
broken-it was destroyed-and at the end
Of the first day Dimitrieff's army had
almost ceased to exist. Only broken de-
tachments were flowing back eastward tow
ard the Wislok. The road was open to
Mackensen's "phalanx," and the German
infantry, passing to the offensive, forded
the Biala and pressed forward.
Was the German attack a surprise? In
the main there can be no doubt of it. 1t
was surprise as Verdun was surprise.
IN Galicia, as later in Lorraine, Allied OBJ
servers had reported German activity.
There was general suspicion that heavy
blow was to fall, but the true magnitude
CT the blow was not foreseen, could not be
foreseen. When it fell it tore the Russian
defence into ribbons, just as the later at
tack tore the French line from Brabant
to Ornes into ribbons. On May 2 and 3
the Russian army was in precisely the
state of the French army on February %
and "a a year later. Fortunately for
France, she was able to make new con-
centration of men and guns few miles
behind the shattered front and pin down
the German advance, thus localizing the
struggle to the Verdun sector. This the
Russians could not do, and as a conse-
quence the effect rapidly extended to ad-
Joining armies.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-23

tillery forward, to continue to break down
and destroy each successive line on which
the Russians might rally. He had thus
fashioned mobile battering ram.
And behind the ram were many corps
of the best German troops. For this cam
paign the pick of German first line troops
had been selected The army that Macken-
sen commanded was probably, given its
SIZE the best army that Germany had put
into the field, for, despite heavy losses,
her military machine had not yet begun to
break down through wastage of officers
and humiliation of the youth.
The mission Of this army of attack
Mackensen's "Phalanx," as it presently
came to be described-was to finish the
work begun by the guns, to stamp out the
last feeble resistance and sweep on as a
wave might rush through dixie already
undermined by dynamite. There was no
intention that this army should extend its
front; it had no part in the work of the
TANKS; it had no part in the work of the
regular forces holding the line before 1t
attacked. It's mission was to batter its
way, steadily, irresistibly, through the
Russian positions, always attacking on
the narrow front which could be prepared
by the guns.