davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
EXEMPTION BOARD IN TOLLS.
NEW YORK MEN ARRESTED ON
GRAVE CHARGES
Three Members Held for COnspiring
to Defeat Justice in Operation OF
Draft Act

New York, Aug. IA third ar
rest was made late today in the al
legged conspiracy to evade the pro-
visions Of the selective draft law,
charged against Louis I. Cherry and
DR.. S. j. Rernfeld, members of the
depOsed exemption board No. 80,
when kalman Grueher, a laboratory
dentist, was taken to the United
States attorneys office, and later to
the Tombs. Cherry and DR. BernfelG,
who had been arrested earlier in the
day for conspiracy to evade the
draft law, also were sent to the
Tombs after unsuccessful attempts
to arrange bail. Grueher was ar
rested on warrant similar to that
served on Cherry and DIR Bernfeld.
He had no official connection with
tho board, but admitted, according
to the authorities, that he had "ob-
tanned a supply Of exemption blanks
which he had handed out to various
persons
Grueher stated, it is alleged, that
his son. Joseph, had been examined
by Bernfeld and DR.. Henry M. Groehl
and had been rejected by both ply
sicians but that before the physical
examinations he had conversations
with Cherry and DR.. Bernfeld in the
offices Of the board and later at
their places of business"
The warrant stated In part that
ito effect the object of the con-
spiracy. Louis I. Cherry and Samuel
j. Bernfeld on August 8. 1917, did
have n conversation with Kalman
Grueher at 27a Rivington Street"
When the three prisoners are arraign-
ed Monday. John c. Knox, assistant
United States attorney, said he will
ask that bail of $1,000 be, fixed in
each case.
MIR. Knox exonerated DR.. Grohel
today. saying there was absolutely
nothing known so far that would i'm
piicate him in the alleged irreguiari.
ties in the conduct of examinations OF
the deposed board"
"Dr. Groehel says he was present
at examination on only three of tho
five days and that he made only O
few examinations" Mr.. Knox said.
Max Noble, employed as a clerk hy
board No. 80, was taken to the Of
nee OF District Attorney Swami, who
Is cooperating with the federal au.
thorities. He said he had "heard
talk Of money being paid over by
men seeking exemption" but had not
seen money paid to any one. Noble
will be called as witness because of
his knowledge of the board records.
Three East Side youths swore ia
afidavits in District Attorney Swann's
Office today. alleging improper con-
duct by certain persons in relation to
examinations by the board. One affi-
davit filed by Jacob Swirsky charged
that Cherry told Swirsky 'if he OBJ
tanned $500 he would be exempted" "
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
GASOLINE SHORTAGE LIKELY
Director of Mining Bureau Issues
Warming to Joy Riders

washington, Aug. 13.--Warninc of
the possibility Of drastic government
action against the excessive use of
gasoline for pleasure riding was is
sued by the director of the mining
bureau mines today He sugyes;s
that JOY riding cease, and that the
man who takes his family out on
Sunday cut down mileage He SAYS
that the warning does not mean that
tho owners of steamships lay up their
cars. but asks for cooperation in
saving
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15

Juarez. Aug. 13.-Jose Ynez Sala-
'ar. revolutionary leader and form
'riy Villas chief Of staff. was shot
md killed at Nogales ranch near
Ascencion Thursday. Americans ar.
wing from Casas Grandes said Sal
ozar was killed w Il band Of home
yards organized tn protect the Casas
jrandes Ascencion district
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
SUMTER. s. G., WEDNESDAY AUGUST 1b 1917
AIMS OF DRAFT ACT.
CROWDER SAYS SOLE OBJECT is
FOR GOOD OF NATION.
Individual Wishes I'm Regard to Ex-
cmptions Arc Not to BE Consider
cd at Expense Of Welfare OF Whole

Washington. Aug. 10.-Renewed
emphasis was laid by Provost Mar
shall General Crowder today on the
fact that corgress framed the army
draft law in the interest of tho ma
ton. not of the individual. For that
reason the lines are being drawn
tight in the matter Of exemptions.
The government has acted slowly
In bringing home to the people the
rigid character Of the draft act.
There has been much discussion Of
the exemption problem based on an
erroneous view Of tho laws purpose
which assumed that married men,
for instance. would be exempted
without question.
General Crowder has taken the
position in recent rulings that mar
ried men will be exempted only when
the removal of the drafted man from
his family circle probably would re-
suit In the family becoming public
burden. In that case 1t Is to the in
terest Of the government to leave him
In his civil occupation 80 the gov
ernment will not have to care for his
dependents.
An Interpretation similarly rigid
now has been placed upon exemption
for industrial reasons. The govern
nient has taken the lead in scrutiniz-
ing closely Individual cases among
Its employees before asking that
they be exempted. Whenever there
IN doubt. no exemption Is asked
District boards throughout the
country have been instructed to mako
the governments action their guide
In dealing with claims for exemption
OF men In private employment. An
employer seeking exemption for q
man he considers indispensable must
prove to the boards satisfaction that
his industry In necessary to the pub.
lie interest or to the maintenance OF
the military establishment and that
the particular individual Is indis.
pensable to the industry. Reasons
would be given as to why it would
be impossible to replace the register.
cd man with another not of military
age or with woman.
Reports to the provost marshal
general have indicated plainly that
Wholesale attempts to evade the draft
through the dependency clause of the
regulation are In progress in many
places. The additional caution sen,
to district boards In regard to in.
dustrial exemptions. 1t is hoped, will
forestall similar attempts as that
stage OF proceeding is reached. The
government Is also In q strong DO.
siton In regard to discharges granted
by the local selection boards because
of dependents. as an appeal has been
recorded automatically in each case
and 1t will be possible to reopen Il
before the district board and make
sure that no evasion of duty has been
PRINTED.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
Married Couples Get More Food.

Berlin. Aug. 13.-The municipal
rood bureau at Strassburg announces
that newly married couples are en-
titled to draw double the amount of
food indicated on food cards. This
privilege will last for six weeks.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
BERIdN DENIAL.
says Telegram To Wilson Regarding
Belgian Neutrality Eai.e

ne's'an Neutrality False
Berlin Aug 10 (semi OalciaD-
The Norddeutsche Algemeine zeitung
denies the existence Of the telegram
alleged by James Gerard to have beeo
sent by Emperor William to pres,
dent Wilson In August. 1914 when tho
emperor was quoted as having said
Belgium neutrality had to be v,o.
lated by Germany for stratee,co,
grounds" The alleged telegram
which has reached Berlin via switz
erland has emperor saying that Kin,
George sent him wo,d through N.
emperor's Srothcr. Prince Henry. TIM.
Enginnd uld remain neutra,
war broke out on the continent .ir
voiv'ng Germany. France, Auytr,
and Russia.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15

London, Aug. 13. Andrew Bonar
Law. government spokesman in the
House OF Commons stated in the low.
er house that the government has de-
cided not to grant permission to
Eritish delegates to attend the Stock.
nOlm conference.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15

losnhcrs ~ Ezcmption Boards Placed
Unoer Heavy BOnd-Prcliminary
Watvetl

New 1erk. Aug. t3.--I.ouis Cherry
ara Dr. ihmssI Bsrnfeld. members of
enc Of the exemption boards who
woes srtaisnsd charged with con-
ep1rscy for pay for exempt draft
oH0io'ss were held In $4,000 bond.
xonan 0ruher. the accused "exemp-
t1on blank distributing agent was
he)1 on $4,000 bond. All waived
preIiminary examination.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
! Gall or Strike

New York, Aug. 1O.-Threatened
Str,Ke OF carpenters at cantonments
mas been called Off II was agreed
that only union labor be used for gov
ernment work.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
PLANNING TO RESIST.
Pittsburgh Slackers Prefer Jail to
Army.

Pittsburgh, Aug. 11.-What Is be-
lieved to be an organized effort on
the part OF at least 25 young men
OF the First and Second wards of
Pittsburgh to resist conscriptiOn un-
der the draft law was reported to the
department Of Justice today by mem
bers OF exemption boards in these
wards.
Officials declared these regestrants
have ignored summons to appear for
examination and have said they
would rather go to jail than enter
the National army"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
Wants Government to State Peace
Terms.

Washington. Aug. 10.-Representa-
tive John NJ. Baker OF North Dakota
elected on the platform of the Nat
ional Partisan League, was
sworn i'm today and gave out a state
make specific declaration Of its
terms of peace.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15

London. Aug. 1.-two German
a'rplanes which yesterday raided the
southeast English coast were de-
stroyed by naval airplanes, it has
been officially announced.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
PREDICTS SUCCESS.
Beckett Says Allies Will Win the
War Before End Of 1918.

Asheville. N. c., Aug. 12.-In i
patriotic address delivered here to-
tonight before 5000 people Gov.
Thomas w. Beckett predicted the
allies will win the war before the
close Of the autumn Of 1918. Justr-
Tying Americas participation. Gov.
Beckett said:
THE real issue in this war is
whether or not the ideals Of Prus-
sianism are to direct the civilizo. .
tion of this world for years to come. >
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
GOV. FERGUSON UNDER FIRE

Taking of Testimony i'm Texas In.
quiry Continues.
Austin, Texas, Aug. 1O.-Sessions of
the house of representatives TODAY.
sitting in committee Of the whole TO
investigate charges Of Speaker Fuller
looking to the impeachment Of Gov
ernor James e. Ferguson, were de-
voted mainly to the recent locating at
Abilene of the West Texas Agricul-
ture and Mechanical College. The
governors financial matters were
also considered briefly.
The house adjourned tonight until
Monday, when Speaker Fuller Is ex-
pected to take the stand.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15

Cairo. July 30 (by mail) )--rhe s,t-
patten in Pa-estlns this summer is
1ee< serious since the war began.
ne schsnis for looting Jerusalem is
ucoeg executed and throughout the
oeuntryside the Turks embarked on a
calculated policy Of plundering and
killing the natives. so II forced to re-
tire they will leave behind desert.
The only hope ID that the British
may soon drive out the Turks
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-15
Purchase Egypt Seed CrOps.

TUFtIlHSP EEypt SCCd CFOOS,
Alexandria, Aug. 13.-The govern
ment purchased 1917 and 1918 cotton
sed crop Of Egypt today.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
COMPULSORY TRAINING
Of GIRLS PROBABLE

Copenhagen, Dec. 3.-(Correspon-
dence OF the. Associated Press) -
Plans for general conscription Of
women after the war are being made
in Germany. and there is general
feeling that girls, as well as boys.
will be compelled to undergo reg
ular period OF training correspond
ing to the German youths service
In the army. The service proposed
for girls is not military, but civil.
II is proposed that all women should
preferably at the age Of II, be taken
from their homes and compulsorily
trained" either in profession, a
trade, or In household duties. +.
The Characteristic German divi-
sion between rich and poor is main
tanned in the project Girls Of the
upper classes are to be trained In
special institutions: poor girls will
go to factories or be placed in pri-
vate households. where their en-
ployers will give them a trifle Of
pocket money and make contrlbu-
tion to the state. asr4
The idea meets with wide COM
mendation In the German newspa-
pers, but one English critic notes
that there is some difference be-
tween male conscription which puts
man into a regiment run by and
for the state, and female conscrip-
tion which makes girl work with
out wage for the profit Of private in
dividuals. The latter cannot with
accuracy be called anything but
slavery"
A short time ago a Berlin socio-
logical society offered series Of
prizes for the best essay on compul-
sorry service for women. and las es-
says weresu omitted. The best two
says were submitted. The best two
azine, Soziale Praxis, in reviewing
the essays submitted, says:
"There is general agreement that
by a. thorough compulsory training,
the services of women to the coun-
try will become much greater than
heretofore. Opinions differ as to
whether after leaving school girls
should be trained principally for a
professional or for household du-
ties. The lesson of the war. which
has brought into clear relief the
abilities of women in both spheres,
is perhaps that in future middle
course should be adopted.
"The training In households is to
be regularly supervised with view
to seeing whether the girl really
! learns something there and is not
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
TOTAL LUNAR ECLIPSE
n IS VISIBLE TONIGHT

Washington. Dec. 27.--Astrono-
amers OF the United States naval OBJ
servatory here. like their fellow.
scientists In other parts Of the coun-
try have their instruments all prim-
ed for taking observations Of the
total eclipse Of the moon, which Is
to take place tonight. 1t will be the
last eclipse OF the present year and
the second total eclipse OF the moon
since January /. which Will be oh.
served over practically the entire
United States and Canada.
Nearly six hours will elapse be-
tween the time the moon enters and
the time It. leaves the shadow to-
night. II will be daylight before
the eclipse is viewed In the eastern
part OF the country Is concluded.
The beginning Of the eclipse Will
be visible generally In North and
South America, throughout the Pa
cific ocean, and the extreme north.
eastern portion OF Asia The end.
Ing will be observed generally
throughout North America, the Pa
cifIc ocean and eastern Asia, and
Australia.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
| over
GOVERNMENT
ESCAPES
BOMB BY | HOUR
Railway Station Partially Destroyed
Soon After Emperor's Special
Train Departs

Geneva, Dec. 27.-The German
emperor. returning with his star
from the verdun front, had a mar
row escape during the reprisal raid
OF British afr squadron on Mann
helm Christmas eve. according to q
dispatch from Basel. The emperor's
special train left the station an hour
before It was partly destroyed BY
several bombs. A section Of the
tracks was torn up. cutting commu-
nIcation north. In fact. the emper-
or's train was the last to leave
Mannheim, and no trains arrived at
Basel yesterday from that city. Two
bombs fell on the suspension bridge
across the Neckar river. the bridge
being badly damaged. An ammuni-
tIon factory In a northern suburb
was blown up. Few persons were
killed at the factory. however, AZ
the employees were having holiday
A considerable number Of persons
we're killed or injured within the
town and several were blown into
the Rhine.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
THI.EE MORE COUNTIES REACH
ONE HUNDRED PIER CENT or
BETTER
JOSEPHINE COUNTY NOW l,7OO
Campaign Managers In Portland IN
pcct State to Reach Quota by Sat
urtiay Might

Portland. Dec. Portland and
Oregon are moving ahead In the Rcd
Cross Christmas membership drive.
Grant county, Increasing It's percent
age TO ia, having q total member
ship OF i.70o. Union county comes
up to los per cent with 5,to0 mem-
bers. and Wallowa county reaches
100 per cent with 5000 members.
Josephine county's membership has
been Increased from 1900 TO LOO.
giving q percentage OF 81 OF the mp.
portIonmcnt.
Portland has 63.i56 members.
outside OF Portland. i2i.36s; total
FOR Oregon. ist.32t.
Portland Ia being jazzed by three
bands and scores OF Instrumental
lists and 500 workers are now on the
Job. Leaders expect the campaign
TO be successfully concluded by Sat
urday. despite torrential rains.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
|G94 SQUADS CAVALRY
IN GERMAN SERVICE

French Front. Dec. 2.--( (Corre.
spondence) Trench warfare has
not diminished the German cavalry
forces as had been generally sup
posed for Information which has
just reached the correspondent Of
the Associated Press shows the total
OF squadrons In the service to be
even higher than II was at the mo-
bilization In 1914. Changes, how
ever, have been introduced in the
mounted arm Of the service by
which some OF the sQuadrons tenn
porarlly have been dismounted and
utilized as infantry, while the for
nations have undergone consider
able variation. S
At present the Germans army has
at It's disposal no fewer than 64s
sauadrons Of cavalry, comprising ac-
tive. reserve. mobile ersatz, land
wehr and landstrum units, but Of
these 144 have been separated from
their horses and used as infantry.
This figure compared with 440
Isquadrons on a peace foting.
When war began the German cav
airy was at once formed into II d.
visions, each composed OF six rsgi-
ments Of four squadrons. Besides
hose. there were also. the bodies OF
divisional cavalry attached to the
Nctive and reserve divisions OF in
fantry.
Roumania's entry into the war
made more cavalry formations me-
cessary and the number Of organized
divisions was at once increased to
fourteen.
The spring OF 1917 saw the end Of
'"+ AN -----
CONTINUED ON page a.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
ALL RAILROADS OF THE NATION TAKEN
TOMORROW BY THE federal [
Secretary McAdoo Named BY President Wilson as Direc
iorCenerd Of Railroads During The Continuance Of
Wr-Orda Effective at Noon tomorrow

Washington. Dec. 2s.--Govern-
ment possession and operation Of the
nations railroads for the war, was
proclaimed by President Wilson to-
night. TO become effective at noon
next Friday. December 2S.
william @. McAdoo. retaining his
place In the cabinet. as secretary Of
the treasury. Is placed In charge az
director general OF railroads.
Every railroad engaged in general
transportation. with Its appurten-
ances. Including steamship lines. is
taken over and all systems will be
operated as under the director gen.
eral. In a statement accompanying
his proclamation. he announced that
as soon. as congress re-assembled he
would recommend legislation guar
anteeipg pre-war earnings and main
tenance Of railroad properties In
good repair. siaftf
Government backing will be given
to new Issues OF railroad securities
that a ready market may be found.
The presidents move. although
forecasted for weeks. came at this
time as a great surprise to nearly
everybody In Washington. including
railroad oifclals. II had been be-
lleved he would await the re-assemb-
ling OF congress before taking any
step. He acted through Secretary OF
War Baker. Direct management Of
the railroads will remain In the
hands Of railroad onlcials and the
railroads war board. composed Of
fiye railroad heads. will continue to
direct actual operation under Secre-
tary McAdoo's general supervision. !
The chief practical effect, OF gov
ernment operation will be to permit
n complete unificatlon OF all rail sys-
tens. impossible under private oper-
alton because OF statutes prohibiting
pooling OF rail traiiic and earnings.
The railroads themselves had gone
as far as they dared in this direction
and 1t became known only today that
they had been warned by Attorney
General Gregory that violation of
anti-pooling laws could not be per-
mitted.
This situation was fully realized
by President Wilson, who In his
statement declared the roads had
gone as far as they could and that
already some systems were endan-
gering their earnings In attempting
unification.
Although the proclamation ap-
plies to all electric lines engaged in
general transportation, local inter-
urban systems are exempt. Congress
will be asked to guarantee earnings
equivalent to the average net oper-
ating income OF each railroad in the
three year period ending June 80,
1917. Railroad experts estimate
that this will cost the government
next year In the neighborhood Of
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
POWERS
DESIRING PEACE
Austrian Foreign Minister States
Willingness 20 Renouncc Anncxa-
,tions and Idcn,nitIes

Petrograd, Dec. 27.-count Czern-
In. Austro-Hnngarian foreign minis
ter, today told the peace conference
that the central powers had agreed
TO conclude n general peace without
forcible annexation or indemnitIes,
provided the Russian allies would
bind themselves to adhere TO such
an agreement. Count Czernln said
the central powers want to slgn
peace terms Immediately to end the
war on conditions equally Just to all
beillgerents. The count reads the
statement Tuesday at Brest-I.Itovsk
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27

Maria, Texas, Dec. 27.-Ranchers
who arrived here tonight from Can
delaria brought the FIRST connected
story Of the Mexican raid Christmas
day on, the Brite store and the little
ranch settlement In the elbow OF the
Rio Grande. But two were 1t the
ranch house Christmas morning
when the Mexican raiders arrived
there. They were T. T. Neill. man
ager Of the ranch. and his son. Sam
Neill. Their wives and children
were also at the ranch house. Tho
father saw the men approaching and
awakened his son. The women and
children we're put In the most pro-
tected room and the two lone men
opened fire upon the bandits riding
wildly toward the house.
A desperate rifle battle was then
fought between Sam Neill and the
leader of the Mexicans at 100 yards
range.
Neill killed his man while his
father covered the approaches from
the rear and fought of the Mexicans
who we're attempting to gain en-
trance through a rear door. Two
more bandits were killed whereupon
the remainder retired for confer
ence. A Mexican was then sent to
the house with a demand that the
Neils surrender. This was refused,
but T. T. Neill finally delivered over
the keys to the Brite store nearby
and sent a hired hand to assist In
rounding up the horses in order to
save the women and children from
almost certain massacre.
While the store was being looted
by the bandits, Rev. H. M. Bandy Of
the First Christian church Of Maria
drove up in his car with his family
to spend the day at the Brite ranch.
They barely escaped but got into the
ranch house. where the minister
seized rifle and guarded window
with the other Americans. At this
time the United States mail stage
drove up to the store. carrying
Christmas packages for the United
States soldiers stationed at cande-
laria. The two Mexican passengers
were killed before they could get out
OF the stage.
Michael Welch was taken from
the stage. hanged and his throat
cut in the door of the Brite store.
T. T. Cobb. ranch hand. ap-
preached the store during the loot
ing. but was warned back by Fore
man Guyon. who was barricaded in
his house 100 yards away.
Cobb. realizing what had happen
ed rode 12 miles to the nearest tele-
phone and gave the alarm. Sheriff
Cline and posse started in pur-
suit.
Rogue River courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 19??-1918, 1917-12-27
DISTINCTIVE UNIFORM
FOR WOMEN WORKERS


London. Dec. 27.--The British
navy announces the organization OF
a formal branch Of naval service for
women. under the title OF the "wom-
ems Royal Navsl Service" The
membership includes women employ
cd on duties connected with the
navy. chiefly In dockyards and at
naval bases. Members will wear a
distinctive uniform Of navy blue
with brass buttons.
The members Of the new service
already have been nIcknamed
"wrens." this being a convenient
shortening OF the initials w. r. N.
8. which they wear on their collars.