The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-10-19

lie Ledger Company. international
copyright, 1917. by the Public Led
gnr Company. All rights reserved
any infringement win De prosecuted.
XXXTV
German Trade as a Spring OF
the World War.
Nothing surprised me more as the
9sar developed than the discovery of
Ma great variety and amount of
4oods Gxpdrted from Germany to the
uaked Htates.
Goods GENT from the United States
xo Germany are mainly prime mate
pt8aD--appscxtna a*eiy sac, 100000 a
fser Of cotton, $4,000 900 of copper,
$4,000. COO Of wheat, $40, 100000 of
Hhtznal FAT. $lo,o0e,000 OF mineral oil
end a large amount of vegetable oil.
Df course. the amount of wheat is
especially variable Some fnanufac-
ltired goods from America also find
heir way to Germany to the extent,
pafhaps. OF $4,000. 900 a year com
prasing machinery. such as typewrit-
hfA and q miscellaneous line OF ma
nainery and manufactures The prfn-
tfpal exports from Germany to Amer
lEA consist OF dysstuffs and chemical
dyss. toys. Underwear, surgical instru =
snents, cutlery. stockings, knit goode
Atc~. and "a raw material called pot
hsh. also known as kali The last is
mineral found nowhere in the world
A1cept In Germany and In a few places
10 Austria. Potash is essential to the
Manufacture OF many fertilizers. fer
kHker betng composed. as a rule. Of
potash. phesphates and nitrates, The
a1srAfes In past years have been ex-
ported 30 all countries from Chill
kncsphAte rock il mined in South
CAroliaa and FLORIDA and several other
places in the world.
Curtousiy enough. both nitrates and
potash are essential ingredients Of ex-
rfosives used in war. gince the war
The German supply from Chill was cut
VI. but the Germans following sys-
sa1 used In Norway for many years
before the war. established great cleo
trsesl plants for the extraction Of nj
tsate from the atmosphere Since the
war American agriculture has suffered
FOR wen; of potash and German ag~
ftculture has suffered for want OF
phosphates possibly of niErates also
because I doubt whether sufficient nj
sTogen is extracted from the air In
Germany Ia prov de FOR more than
The needs ef the explosive Industry.
GERMAN MONOPOLY
IN DYESTUTTN
The dyestufI industry has beer de-
velcPed to such a point in Germany
that Germany supplied the whole
world. In the first months OF the war
some enterpr.sing Americans. hea He'd
by Herman Hotz. chartered a boat
CALLED ths MantarZas and sent il To
Rotterdam. where II was loaded with
a cargo q German dscstuYs. The
boat sailed under the American flag.
and vas not interfered with by the
English. Later on the 6 ermap de
paFtneHt nf the interior. at whose
head wss pelcruck refused to allow
dyestuf~s Ia leave Germany except IN
exchange for cotton, and finally the
export Of dyeatuFfs frora Germany
sssss.xs-a gsyt@s 5.5 ~ s~- .te>
manufacture This state Of Affairs
raay lead TO tho establishment Of the
industry permanently in the United
States although that industry viii re-
quiFe protection fer some YEARS, as
undoubtedly Germany ia her desper-
ate effort 10 regain a monopoly OF
shis trade VIII be ready 10 spent
enormous sums In order to underseil
the American manufacturers and
Arrive them out of business,
The commercial submarines
Deutschland and Bremen were to
great extent built with money fur
nished by the dyestuT manufacturers.
who hoped by sending dysstufrs In
this way 70 America that they could
prevent the development OF the in
6astry there. had many negotiations
with the foreign office with reference
10 this question OF dyestuffs,
WAR CUTS OFF SUPPLY
OF GERMAN TOYS
The export OF toys from Germany
Go the United States forms large
item In the bill which we pay annual
" to Germany. Many OF thasa toys
are manufactured by the people in
their own homes in the picturesque
district known as the BLACK Forest.
OF course. the war cut of. after a
time, the export of toys from Germany
and the American child. having in the
meantime learned to be satisfied with
some other articles, his little brother
WITH demand this very article next
Christmas and thus. after the war.
Germany win find that much Of this
trade has been permanently lost
Just as the textile trade OF the Uni
ted States was dependent upon the
German dyestuHs for coiors. so the
sugar beet growers Of America were
dependent upon Germany for their
seed / succeeded, with the able as
sistanee OF the consul at Madgeburx
and Mr. Wtnslow, OF my STAFF. in get
ting shipments of beet seed out of
Germany ! have heard since that
these industries too, are being deveI-
oped in America. and seed is obtained
from other countries. such as Russia
STRUGGLE OVER
SUPPLY OF CYANIDE
Ansther commodity upon which a
great industry in the United States
apd Mexico depends is cyanide The
discovery OF the cyanide process OF
treating gold and silver ores permit
ted the exploitation of many mines
which could not be worked under the
older methods. AT the beginning of
the war there was small manufac-
tory OF cyanide owned by Germans at
Perth Amboy and Niagara Falls, but
most of the cyanide used was import
ed from Germany. The American
German company and the companies
manufacturing in Germany and in
England all operated under the same
patents, the English and German
companies having working aggree-
naa,1ts as to Aa-atSts button OF bust
fsess throughout the world
The German vice-chanoellor and
head of the department. OF the i'm
terror, Delbruck, put an export pro-
hibition on cyanide early in the war
and most pigheadedly and obstinately
claimed that cyanide was manufac-
tured nowhere but in Germany.