davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-03-18

increased almost indefinitely, and that
the islands may become even more
profitable than they have been in the
past.
only during the summer For the rest
of the year his life is spent in the sea
He arrives at the Pribilofs in the late
spring, and as winter comes on. makes
his way southwark through the Aleu-
tian Islands, and travels down as far
as southern California. The seals of
different ages go different distances
away from the Aleutian chain. Some OF
the large males winter in the Gulf OF
Alaska. while the younger ones will go
as far south as the latitude of San
Francisco. The females go very far
south. In coming back. the adult males
get to the Pribilofs about the 1st of
May. The femals and the older bache-
lors stay away until June, the two
year-olds come along in July, and the
yearlings in the latter part of August
and in early September.
The fur seal is not a short-lived ami
NAL. The government agents have
branded some of the pups and kept rec
oGds of them from year to year. They
find that both males and females live
from twelve to fourteen years. In 1915
there were cows on the islands that had
been branded fifteen years ago. These
cows are stiN hear.rg young.
The grown seals are of consider
able size. \ full-grown bull often
measures six or seven feet in length.
six feet in width between the tips of
his outstretched fore-fiippers. He
weighs from 400 to 800 pounds. The
COW seals are between four and five
feet long. and they often weigh up to
100 pounds. The young. when first
born. are about. a foot long. and
weigh only three or four pounds. They
are known as pups. They are born on
the land, and the mothers have to
teach them to swim. They begin to
learn at two months of age, and soon
Evening star., 1917-03-18

harem, so that the total is, as I have
said, more than 100000 animals. This
is double the number that We're on the
islands five years ago, ana IL. "ouli
seem that the government has row
control of the breeding and can in
crease the herd as it sees fit
| am told that the best fLs are those
taken from the animals OF three ana
four years, and the government aims
to kill only the surplus bachelors of
those ages. The cows are all kept for
breeding The killing is done after a
regular system. 1t begins about the
last of June. and ends peIore the ISL
of September. The animals are sep
arated. and each seal selected to be
killed is stunned by blow on the head
with a heavy club. While he is still
unconscious he is stabbed to the heart
and bled.
The government is making special eff
forts to improve the conditions on the
seal islands. 1t watches over the ma
tives, of whom there are now over 200,
and proposes to build cold storage
plant by which they can nave fresh
seal meat the year around AS IL IS
meats and canned meats are brought
in. Last yearA more than 5000 pounds
OF canned salmon and '.5Go pounds OF
canned meats were consumed. In ad-
dition. there were imported l,opo pounds
of salt pork and $500 pounds OF salt
beef The most of this might be re-
placed with seal meat. which can be
salted and cured during the klillhS, and
also with fresh meat that can be kept
in cold storage plants. From talks
with the chiefs. it has been found that
the natives of the two islands could
consume about two seals per mead per
month, and that four or hVe thousand
seals would be required to give them
their meat supply for the year 1t is
probable that some such arrangement
VIII he made for the 1dluFe-
FRANK q CARPENTER.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

country. always ate at the second
table, when there was a second table,
and as result I didn't get a square
meal from 1861 until a good many
years afterward. Consequently, l was
Stunted. Doubtless some of the gentle
men present stopped at our house dur
ing the period mentioned. Be that s it
may and whoever did. the stunt. as you
perceive, was very effective
There We're three little Burnetts all
boys, when the father died in 1858. The
eldest John Lawson. was four years of
age. Their mother taught school and
supported them until they were old
enough to work. When John Lawson
was seventeen, he dug iron ore in an
Alabama mine. His brothers. the
younger of whom was fourteen. work
ed at his side.
I'VE We're never late. though We
walked three miles" he said. land,
doing the work of men. We're paid
mems wages Between times we went
to school. but at all times we We're
taught by our mother. My brothers be-
came successful business men. l bor-
rowed $500. at 16 per cent interest, and
took the law course at Vanderbilt Uni
versIty. The person who loaned me
the money habitually called me his pro-
tege, and he was right. for ! was
Evening star., 1917-03-18

its as a result of men going about
among them and handling them. The
seals can be driven up and counted.
They can be caught and examined. They
can be branded or killed even more
easily than range cattle or horses
After being driven they will go back
to their accustomed resorts, as if moth
ing had happened.
These government experts have found
just how many males are necessary to
form the .harems which will produce
the largest number of young. and they
now estimate that there should be one
bull for every thirty five cows to keep
the stock at its best. AS the animals
produce an equal number of males and
females. it will be seen that thirtyfour
out of the thirty-five males produced
each year can be reserved for their
furs without reducing the size of the
herd. Last year. the census showed
total of about $1,000 bachelors. enough,
if only half of them lived, to establish
harems for about million cows, and in
this case there would be one bull and
thirty cows in each harem. This shows
us that the supply of animals can be
Evening star., 1917-03-18
Uncle Sauns Fur Seal Investment i'm Pbilof islands
Pays Profit of Seven Million Per Cent Since Purchase

I4obos Islands, off the mouth of the Rio
de la Plata. which produce ten or
twelve thousand skins per ennum. The
Russian rookery is in the western part
of Bering sea. 1t is known as the Com
mander Islands, and its annual product
is about forty thousand skins The
United States rookery is the largest
and most profitable of all From it
more than two million skins were taken
during the latter part of the last cen-
tury, and the conditions are now such
that it will likely supply millions of
skins in the future. The name of this
rookery is the Pribilofs.
The Pribilof Islands were discovered
by the Russians just ten years after
our Declaration of Independence was
signed. They heard from the natives
of the Aleutian Islands a tradition that
the fur seals came from the north, and
they secuted about over Bering sea
for eighteen years before they found
lust where the breeding place was. The
man who made the discovery was a sea
captain named Pribilof, and the islands
were called after him. Pribilof spent
three years searching for them, and he
cruised for weeks near the islands
without being able to find them. One
story relates how he heard the seals
barking, and then ran in to the Island
Evening star., 1917-03-18
l93GI9G9EREGGGEGTg

try their permanent home. Moreover.
they spoke the English language and
in all WAYS were much like the English
and Irish who had been coming to
America ever since the first voyage OF
the Mayfower. In the old days our
immigration was English. Irish, Scotch,
German. Swedish. Danish and Norwe-
gian. These people could read and
write. They We're industrious and eco
nomical Furthermore. they obeyed the
laws. Nothing in the new law Will. pre-
vent the coming of such worthy people
to our shores Public men. after a
thorough study of the question, have
felt for years that n better control OF
mentally. of course, this country should
be a refuge for the ignorant and the
oppressed. No change in our laws ex-
cludes the oppressed
They can come to the United States,
as heretofore. But the illiterate can
not A check on immigration being
necessary. Congress believed, it has
believed for many years. that the read
ing and writing test was the most feas-
ible single method of restricting the
admission of undesira BILE aliens to the
country. The whole matter was care
fully gone over in 1907 by a commission
composed of senators, representatives
and outside experts. ! was a memoer
conditions in the United States and
Europe and of the nine members all
but one favored the literacy test.
While we We're in Bremen and Ham
burg ! asked number of Intelligent
men why so few of their countrymen
We're emigrating TO the United States.
Times are better in Germany than
they used to be. | was informed, and
wages have risen, but our main objec-
tion to America is the recent lowering
in standards of its labor population.
Our people, my informants said,
don't want to compete with working
men from southern Italy and other
Mediterranean countries. Such labor
ers come to Germany in harvest time.
but when the rush is over see that
they leave the country at once
Our immigration laws are going
through a gradual process of evolution.
The excluded classes are being in
creased in number from decade TO dec
ade. We began in 1862 by shutting the
gates to coolie labor from oriental
countries. In 1875 we added conyicts
to the list. I.unatics. idiots and per
sons incapable of caring for them
selves were excluded by the act of
1882 Contract laborers were excluded
in 1887, and paupers. persons suffering
from dangerous conta giouS diseases.
polygamists and assisted immigrants
in 1891.
Evening star., 1917-03-18
TROUSERS.

this be done. Wartime industry al
ready has worked revolution.
The war has produced an immense
effect on European women. Perhaps
Englishwomen have been affected
most Not so very long ago the wom-
en- of England were falling into vio-
lent psychology. Votes for women"
was their cry. and they went about
getting them by methods which rather
shocked the world. They marched,
ranted and rioted. Their plan was to
terrorize the trousers of the British
empire with the fury of the British
empires skirts. 1t was startling
manifestation. Woman suddenly lost
her "softness' and became a unit in
a mob. 1t was time of threats. Grave
students stood aghast and solemnly
predicted sex war. There were rumors
that a sex war had occurred some time
in the dim and distant past among
the people of an ancient state and
with disastrous consequences. People
were wondering what the consequences
of the new one would be. The women
were against the government and
frightened it as various other things
from time to time had scared the Brit
ish government, which had been nota-
Evening star., 1917-03-18

customers to and from their cars and
cabs, and. incidentally, keeping the
chauffeurs in order.
An extremely pretty girl she is, too.
with her frock coat coming to her
knees, her top-boots coming to the
coat, and. now and then, when the wind
blows. "A glimpse of loose knickers. She
says that women have done all the
staring to which she has been sub
jected.
Within the store many girls engaged in
various employments are dressed con-
vcnicntly for their work IL trousers.
Among these are the girls who operate
the elevators There is no compromise
about it--these girls wear trousers every
working hour of every working day. in a
great public store. in great crowded
city. They work better in the new uni
forms than they used to in skirts, and are
less weary at each days end.
Other employments which girls follow
and dress for bifurcatedly in this great
and progressive store are more astonish-
ing than the operation of elevators. A
pretty young plumber, red checked and
charming in her blouse and trousers of
blue denim. flashed athwart the writer $
startled vision one day.
Mrs. John Bull takes girls in panta-
looms quite calmly and approvingly. now
that she has learned that if there are
enough of them dad and the boys will pay
Evening star., 1917-03-18

bly, gun shy" The women were amaz-
ing the world with their meetings in
Trafalgar Square, carrying bombs in
stead of prayerbooks to the services
at Westminster Abbey.
Such things and many others made
the situation strange and threatening
in England Women We're getting out
of hand. 1t was not especially that
they We're fighting for suffrage. but
that they We're fighting for it anar-
chistically. They, were doing what they
could to wreck the government in time
of peace.
1t was not so much that British wom-
anhood was in a bad way. as it was
that the relationship between large
masses of British womanhood and large
masses of British manhood were be-
come definitely antagonistic, and the
women. demanding political rights and
being denied, We're turning to what
amounted to anarchy. 1t is easy TO
der it now, but those who know admit
that almost everything held dear was
threatened by large masses of British
women during the days before the war.
Woman's status in the home. her obli-
cations as a wife. her duties
mother, her moral idealism-not one of
these escaped the threat.
In industry British womanhood was
not especially important-that is. far
Evening star., 1917-03-18

''An assisted immigrant is one whose
passage across the ocean has been paid
for by relatives, towns. cities or coun-
tries. Thousands of incapables have
been sent to the United States to be
supported by our taxpayers Not long
ago ~ per cent of the insane patients
under treatment at the fourteen state
hospitals in New York were aliens and
more than "a per cent Of the patients
at the two hospitals for the criminal
insane were of alien birth
1T must he remem bered.' so reads a.
report of the New York state board
of alienists. that foreign countries
look with favor upon the emieration
to America of diseased and defect re
persons New York is now spending
$3,000,o00 year for the care of its
alien insane
"Epileptics We're excluded by our law
III 1903, and so Were persons who had
been insane any time during five years
previous to their arrival in this coun-
try. Professional beggars were shut
out ny the same act and Vagrants. by
the law passed over the Presidents
longer be admitted.
anarchists, or persons who believe
in or advocate the overthrow by force
of the government of the United States,
of law, or of the assa ssination of pub
lie officials, were included in the law
of 1903 and so were persons attempting
to bring in women for immoral pur-
poses.
You see, our laws have been wisely
slowly working toward stand
ards as perfect as are humanity pos
sible. The new law, over which some
of the best men in Congress have been
working for ten years. enlarges the list
of undesirable immigrants. Migrants.
as | have said. are no longer admissi-
Bile. Persons with chronic alcoholism
and those afflicted with tuberculosis
in any form, the last three words being
new, cannot hereafter enter the United
States. Persons who advocate or teach
the unlawful destruction of property,
meaning, particularly, the militant
woman suffragists of England, will be
halted at our ports and turned back
Political offenders who have tried, for
example, to blow up parliament
house are not, however, to be denied
a refuge and a home in America.
THE head tax is doubled and is now
IS on every alien, but children under
Evening star., 1917-03-18

less important than is American wom-
anhood. OF course, thousands of WON
en- were employed in factories and
shops. but they were unorganized, and.
being very definitely cheap labor-easy
to get and safe to abuse-they were not
well treated.
In France the feminist movement was
strong enough to attract some attention
from thinkers, who could regard it as
a symptom of what might later come,
instead of as the manifestation of a
revolution actually in progress, as one
was compelled to view the British sit
uation.
Women were underpaid and over
worked in England They were dis
contented and affected with a class
hysteria. resulting in actual violence Of
the most vicious character There was
every probability that they would get
the vote, but that they would get 1t
through such methods as would tend to
make their entrance into politics any
thing but restraining and cleansing.
The war has cleared the situation,
Evening star., 1917-03-18
A Harsh Rejection.

IS A REJECTED candidate" Charles
Evans Hughes said. jestingly, at
a dinner in New York, feels. just at
first, like a rejected playwright-that
is to say, pretty rough.
Il know "A NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. now
who felt badly when his first play was
rejected. The rejection was harshly
worded, certainly.
I've worked four years on this play.
Mr.. Fiasco.' the poor fellow said.
- can't help that erowled FIasco.
cant you use it,
MIX
Cant you use il at all?'
We'll sneered Manager Fiasco. I
might grind ii up and use il for 4
snowstorm.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

become so skillful that at the end OF
the season they go away with thelr
mothers and remain for six months IN
the ocean without landing at all
The government now keeps record
or census of all the seals on the island.
1t has them divided according to age
and sex, and as COWS. bulls and pups
1t knows Just how many yearlngs
there are ana keeps a record OF their
average weight. which is somewhere
between forty and fifty pounds. IT
has also records OF the two-year- -olds.
male and female. and of the bachelors
which are aged three, four and hVe
years.
The males do not begin to breed until
they are five years old, when they de-
velop a wig. or name, when dlStln-
guishes them from the younger am
mails. The cows begin to bear at three
years. and continue to bear for ten or
more years to come
the islands aoout $4,000 COWS and 30
600 pups There are $4,000 yearlngS,
81. 900 -year-olds of both sexes. and
more than $4,000 bachelors. There are
over 1900 bulls. each of which has
Evening star., 1917-03-18
r Causes Amazing Changes i'm Costumes Of W0me1

with the distance traveled-a very much
more complicated matter than the aver
age American conductors job of collect
ing nickel from each traveller. They ara
called "conductresses. All French
trans and busses have 'conductresses
The coming of woman cabmen in Lon
don is inevitable. indeed il already has
begun. In Paris they have been estah-
lished sparsely for some time and have
done well, but they have not been used
on taxis; only on the horse cabs.
The coming summer will see an In
mense amount of England's farming done
by women. and. | think. well done.
Organizations already are under way
whereby women propose to help TO de
crease the food shortage by intelligent
increase of the chicken and egg supply.
and this is being so well planned that
undoubtedly 1t will succeed. Eggs and
chickens will be cheap !n England be-
fore the summer ends.
Copyright, 1917. by Curtis Brown.l
Evening star., 1917-03-18
Sure Thing.

A LABOR leader defending the
~ eight-hour law. said:
I'VE must look out for the corpora
tion lawyer. or he'll juggle us out OF
our new law. Corporation lawyers are
the deuce"
"A preacher once said to a malefactor
of great wealth:
"fCan a rich man go through the eye
of a needle?'
"'Ha. ha" laughed the malefactor.
Say. parson. you just ought to see some
of the little bits of loop holes my law
yer has dragged me through.
Evening star., 1917-03-18

averting the danger for a very long
time and probably forever. The results
have been accomplished variously.
First, women in the allied countries
have shown themselves as patriotic as
men and often more so, although 1t may
be regarded as simpler matter LOT
woman to hand white feather TO an
unenlisted man and sneer him to the
scorn of his fellow-beings within eye
and ear shot than it may be for that
man to leave his wife and growing
family practically to shift for thenl-
selves and endure the perils and hard
ships of trench warfare against a zoe
trained in frightfulness. Further, the
demand for woman workers IN the mu-
nitions factories and elsewhere mas
raised the women's wage scale. That
has raised the self-respect of woman
workers Increased self-respect, mas
meant better work from them the ad-
vancement which has been due to these
Influences and the drink restrictions
among working women is evidenced by
improved and unexpected efficiency at
the bench and increased happiness OUT
side the workshop. With these thihss'
esneciallv with the drink restrictions,
has come a franker freer association in
clean, sober hours. between man and
woman workers.
OF course, most of the eligible young
men of the United Kingdom are now
fighting, but it has been necessary TO-
retain some ''indispensables at nome
IN order that certain expert tasks about
the factories, ETC. should be properly
performed. And there are many young
men eligible for matrim onial service
who, through peculiarities of stature.
eyesight, lungs, hearing and other
slight idiosyncrasies, were not at flrst
regarded eligible for military service.
They are enlisting very rapidly under
the influence of bi-sexual industry
Many tales have been told in the
newspapers of the reckless eXtraVa-
gance of woman workers in the NUM-
tions factories or elsewhere. 1t has
been emphasized that many of them
have squandered their money upon
fnery. Sealslsin jackets are not un-
known. in these days in workmens
villages where heavy jacket of any
kind may very we'll have been rarity
in the days before the war
Women have been charged with GO
ing to their work in the munitions fac
tories tightly corseted and in high
heels and they have done it. which
has been very silly: hut for every wom-
an and girl who has been eXtravagant
or silly in England as the result of high
war wages a thousand have been
frugal and sensible. a fact proved by
the immense aggregate subscribed to
the war loan by woman munitions
workers.
The woman workers on the English
farms of whom there are thousands in
these days. dress in knickerbockers or
trousers In the cities woman window
cleaners go about with pals and lad
ders and find obvious advantage in
their definite. quite masculine panta-
looms At big department stores skirt
less maidens are not rare enough to
attract undue attention. The first to be
seen there. indeed. is not in the store
at all but on the sidewalk outside, en-
gagged in the gentle art of directing
Evening star., 1917-03-18

PARIS. March

PARIS. March Z, 1917.
This war will change all things
for European women: Military
service. of sort. has come for
q them in both France and Eng
land, where they are replacing men
employed in clerical and other nom
combatant departments. The moment
this was decided upon In England 1t
was found that 10000 men would be
released for actual fighting, with
prospects of the release of more than
200. 900 more. What the French de-
mand will be is not known, but 1t will
equal that OF England.
How will these women dress? VIII
they be given military uniforms short
of skirt or even skirtless? OF course
they won't, but the world on this side
of the ocean would not gasp should
Evening star., 1917-03-18

mighty glad to get his money. l paid
the debt by teaching school and prac-
ticirg in the courts of county Justices
VIII the immigration law just en-
acted by Congress keep any consider
able number of aliens out of the United
States who are seeking opportunity to
improve themselves intellectually as
well as materially?" Mr.. Burnett was
asked.
II am sure that it will not he an
sWered. 1T Will have no apprec;a BILE
effect on immigrants from Great Brit
ain or northern Europe. On the other
hand. it viii keep out many thousands
Of aliens from the Mediterranean
countries. That. of course, is the pur-
pose of the law. We have heard dur
ing the last twenty years a great deal
about closing the door of opportunity,
educa tionally, to Europeans hungry for
knowledge. For most part such talk is
laws as southern Italy Ambition for
learning has the same chance in one
part of the country as in the other.
Not more than 5 per cent of the
northern Italians who emigrate to the
United States are una bic to read their
own language. Among southern ltal-
ianS. however, the percentage of Hit
eracy is very large. Only about half of
them can read and write. Practically
all Bohemians can read 1lliteracy
with them doesn't exceed one-half of
per cent The Magyars, however, who
have lived iii Hungary for eleven CEN
turtles and who are fellow citizens of
the Bohemians. are illiterate, no more
than 30 per cent of them being compe-
tent to read newspaper.