davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30
HOMEjELLYMAKI
Fruits That Are Best Suited for
This Delicious Product.
PEcTIN IS PRIME element
Amount Of Sugar Can Be Determined
by the Alcohol Test-Mlstakes
to Be Avoided by the
Housewife.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
A good jelly should be bright, Of good
color, and clear. When removed from
the glass it should retain the shape Of
the mold. Good jelly can be cut with a
distinct cleavage, retaining the angles
tender enough to. quiver without break
ing.
Fruit for Jelly Making.-The Juice
from certain fruits, such as grape,
apple. crabapple, orange, kumquat and
currant, Is better suited for making
natural fruit jelly than juices from
other fruits. The juices from these
fruits contain the properties necessary
for jelly making. The best fruits for
Jelly making contain pectin and acid.
Pectin, the fundamental jelly-making
substance, does not exist in some fruits
in sufficient amount to make Jelly with
out the addition of pectin from some
other source. The peach, strawberry
and cherry are examples of fruits
which contain acid but are lackfng in
pectin. Pear, guava and ounce con-
tain pectin but are deficient in acid.
If the missing property be added to
each of these fruits, a Jelly with the
color and flavor Of the fruit selected
can be made.
Extracting the Julce.-Wash such
fruit as berries, grapes and currants
in running water and add one cupful
of water for each pound of fruit. For
apples, ounces, guavas and such hard
fruits, wash, slice and add three cup
fuls water to each pound Of fruit. The
fruit should be cooked until tender,
a small quantity Of water being added
to help extract the Juice. The fruit
Juice will flow more freely when heat
ed than when cold, and the cooking
develops the pectin. AS soon as the
fruit is tender the liquid should be
squeezed through a cheesecloth and
then be allowed to drip, without pres
sure through flannel jelly bag (illus-
trated). Overlooking of the fruit is apt
to result in cloudy jelly. After cool
ing the juice to room temperature test
It to determine the amount Of pectin
present. This test gives some idea Of
the proper proportion Of sugar to juice.
Add one tablespoonful 95 per cent
grain alcohol to an equal volume Of
cooled fruit Juice and shake gently.
The effect of the alcohol is to bring
together the pectin in jellylike mass
If large quantity Of pectin is present
it will appear in one mass or clot when
poured from the glass. This indicates
that equal quantities Of sugar and
Juice may be used. If the pectin does
not slip from the glass in one mass
less sugar will be required. A fair
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30
JELLIEs FROM PEcrIN.

Pectin, the essential jelly-making
substance, may be extracted from
fruits rich in 1t, and this concentrated
product used with the juices Of fruits
deficient in pectin, for the making Of
excellent jellies.
Apple PectIn.-One pound apple
pulp Cor skins and cores), juice Of
one lemon, four pounds water. Boil
for half to three-quarters hour, press
the juice through a cloth bag, then al
low this juice to drain without pres
sure through a heavy flannel or hair
cloth jelly bag. This Juice when cold
should be tested with alcohol to deter
mine the proportion of sugar to add to
volume Of juice. Pectin can be bot.
tied, processed for IS minutes in wa
ter bath at boiling and kept until
needed for jelly making.
Orange Pectin.-Cut or scrape the
yellow rind from the peel of the or
ange, the white portion remaining be-
ing passed through the food chopper
and weighed. For each pound of this
prepared peel add two pounds of wa.
ter and four tablespoonfuls Of lemon
Juice, mix thoroughly. and allow to
stand Is minutes. Then add two
pounds water, boil ten minutes, let
stand overnight. Next morning boil
ten minutes, allow to cool, press to re-
move Juice and then drain Juice
through flannel bag. If not desired
for immediate use, bottle and process
us for apple pectin. Ss
Mint and Orange (or Apple) Pectin
Jelly.-One pint concentrated orange
Cor apple) pectin Juice. one pound
sugar, two drops oil Of peppermint,
two drops green vegetable coloring.
Bring the orange or apple pectin Juice
to boiling, add sugar, and boil rapidly
until the jellying point is reached. At
this point two drops of green vegeta-
BILE coloring matter is added, together
with two drops of oil of peppermint
Stir thoroughly, and pour while hot
into clean, sterilized Jelly glasses
Strawberry and Orange Cor AppIe)
Pectin JelIy.-One-half pint concen-
trated orange Cor apple) pectin, one
half pound sugar, one-half pint straw
berry Juice. Mix orange Cor apple)
pectin juice and the strawberry juice,
bring to boil and add sugar. Con-
tinue boiling until the jellying point
Is reached. Pour Immediately into hot
sterilized Jelly glasses and skim. When
cold, pour hot paraffin over the jelly.
Pineapple and Orange (or AppIe)
PectIn JelIy.-Add one pint orange Cor
apple) pectln Juice to one pint plneap-
pie juice which has been boiled for
ten minutes, add one pound sugar and
continue boiling until the jellyips
point is reached. Pour Immediately
into hot sterilized Jelly glasses tsnd
skim. When cold, pour hot paraffin
over the Jelly.
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30
A (A60R
0AY STORY
|>> 4;ee
NHE Labor day procession was
coming down the street. The
first man In it was six feet

coming down the street. The
first man In 1t was six feet
four inches tall, with a bear
skin hat on his head that raised him
to seven feet. He was the drum ma
jor of the band and was twirling his
big silver-headed staff and throwing
1t into the air with fine jugglery. Be-
hind him came the band. Then came
the different unions marching in line,
every man looking happy on this clear
September day that he could lay aside
his hammer or his trowel or whatso-
ever tool best represented his trade
and step out to the inspiring strains
Of martial music.
Among those who lined the side
walk, occupied the steps of the build
ings or climbed the lamp-posts along
the line of march was certain Mrs.
O'Toole, who had recently come over
from Ireland. With her was her son
Daniel, six years old. The mother was
standing with the crowd on the curb,
but Danny was perched with leg on
each side of horizontal piece of iron
under the lamp, straining his eyes to
catch the first glimpse Of sunlight that
would strike the brass horns Of the
band.
The drum major passed, the band
passed, the grand marshal and his aids
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30
Road to Strenuth.

A kindly old gentleman was telling
some lads the story of Samson. "He
was strong" said the speaker in sum
ming up. "became weak, and again re-
gained his strength, which enabled him
% destroy his enemies. Now, boys, If
had an enemy, what would you ad-
sise me to do?"
A little boy considered the secret of
hat great ancient's strength and his
oand went up.
"Get a bottle of hair restorer," he
exclaimed
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30
POVERTY RECOGNIZED
AS SOCIAL DISEASE
Leaders Of Thought Say Its Dis
appearance Will in Time Be
Effected by Adoption Of
Wise Social Party.
Alfred w. Greeley In Pennsylvania
Grit.

Grit.
1t Is not to die, or even to die of hun
ger, that makes man wretched; many
men have died: all men must die.
But 1t Is to live miserable we know not
why; to work sore and yet gain nothing:
| to be heat-worn, weary. yet isolated, un-
related. girt in with cold. universal lais-
SEE faire-Thomas Carlyle.
r L is beginning to be recognized
that the great bulk of the burden
of poverty is as unnecessary and
preventable as smallpox or tuber-
culosis. Just as tuberculosis is a
physical disease, SO poverty is dis
ease of the social organism. It is
probably the greatest burden humanity
staggers under and 1t exacts directly
and indirectly its toll from all men,
bers of society. Why should there be
hungry mouths when the proper culti-
| walton of even one state of the Union
would furnish sufficient food for our
whole population? Why should mil
lions shiver underclothed every winter
when we are able to furnish textiles
for the whole world? Why should
there be grim periods of unemploy-
ment with vast natural resources yet
untouched? These and similar Ques-
tiOns are beginning to demand an an
swer that must be more than SNUG,
hypocritical shouldering of the respon-
sibility upon Providence.
Poverty Never Essential.
The conquest of poverty is now an
economic possibility. 1t is definitely
within reach If we are willing to pay
for 1t and formly desire It's achieve
ment. The campaign, many Of its fea-
lures now In development, is mainly
one of social and economic betterments
for the correction Of social injustice,
for the increase of the earning power
Of labor and capital, not one but both
as unit of efficient production; for
the prolongation of human life through
public sanitation and hygiene, together
with preventive medicine In a war on
preventable disease; for the salvage
Of the deficient and defective classes
Of society, and for the rectification of
underpayment and the prevention Of
unemployment, understood as involun-
tary idleness of competent workmen.
Every factor of human betterment is
doing Its part directly or Indirectly,
In this war upon poverty.
Social Surplus a Necessity.
The success of this battle with pow
erty Is contingent upon the existence
Of n social surplus, the basis of all So
cial well-belng. That Is, as nation
we must produce goods or services
much In excess of our immediate needs
Of subsistence. And we are doing that
today upon scale never before known
in the world. 1t has made us the rich
est nation with wealth estimated at
something close to S250O00,0 100000. 1t
is an intolerable condition that when
there is enough and more than enough
to feed all that any should hunger,
save, perhaps, the chronically criminal
and the unemployable Of various anti
social types.
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30


proportion is three-fourths cupful Of
sugar to one cupful of Juice. If the
pectin is thin and much separated, one
half cupful Of sugar allowed for each
cupful Of juice will be sufficient.
Quantity Of Juice to cook.-The
quantity Of juice to be cooked ut one
time will depend upon the size Of the
vessel and the methods of heating
available. The capacity of the vessel
used should be four times as great
as the volume Of juice to be cooked. If
the attempt is made to cook large
quantity of juice at one time over a
slow flame. there will be loss of color
and fscrease in the yield, partly due
to the destruction Of the pectin.
When to Add suoar.-When the pro-
portion Of sugar to juice has been de-
termined, measure the fruit Juice and
place over the fire to cook. When the
juice begins to boil, add the sugar i'm
mediately and stir until the sugar is
dissolved. By adding the sugar when
the Juice begins to boil, more time is
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30

given for the inversion Of the sugar BY
the acids Of the fruit and there is less
danger Of capitalization.
Cooking the JelIy.-After the sugar
has dissolved, the cooking should be as
rapid as possible. Finished Jelly can
be obtained more quickly by rapid
cooking. Long cooking will tend to
darken the product and destroy the
pectin, which will cause the finished
Jelly to be less firm.
Since no definite temperature can be
given for the finished jelly, the most
convenient means of determining when
1t Is finished is to test 1t with a spoon
or paddle. Dip spoon or wooden
paddle in the boiling mass. Remove
and cool by moving it back and forth
for a few seconds and then allow the
jelly to drop from 1t. AS long as there
is sirup present 1t will run or drop
from the spoon. When the jellying
point is reached, 1t will break from the
spoon in flakes or sheets. When this
Jelly stage is reached, remove from the
fire Immediately and skim. Swimming
Mt this point saves waste.
Filling Glasses.-After skimming the
Jelly, pour Mt once into hot sterilized
glasses and set aside to cool.
Cooling and Sealing.-Cool as rapid
ly as possible, avoiding dust which will
give contamination with mold. When
the jelly is cold cover it with melted
paraffin. BY running a pointed stick
around the edge of the glass while the
paraffin is still hot, better seal can
be obtained.
storlno.-Jelly should be stored in a
cool, dark, dry place. If jelly is stored
for long period of time, it will de-
teriorate in texture, color and flavor.
Mistakes to AvoId.-Soft Jelly.-Jel-
lies sometimes are sirupy because more
sugar has been used than the fruit
juices require or because boiling after
the addition Of sugar was not con-
tinued long enough to drive Off exces-
sive water.
Tough Jelly.-Jelly is tough or
stringy because too small an amount
Of sugar was used for the quantity of
fruit juice taken or because the boil
ing was continued after the jellying
point had been reached.
Crystals in Jelly.-Crystals appear
throughout the Jelly because Of an ex.
cess Of sugar. When sugar is boiled
with an acid for sufficient length OF
time, 1t is changed into a form which
does not crystalline. Crystals are found
In jelly sometimes because the Juice
Is boiled to too great a concentration
before the addition Of sugar, or in boil
ing the sirup spatters on the side OF
the pan, dries, and in pouring the fin
ished product these crystals are car
ried into the glasses of jelly, and in
that way the Jelly becomes seeded
with crystals.
Cloudy Jelly.@This may be due tc
having cooked the fruit too long be
fore straining off the juice or to no,
having used sufficient care in strain
ing the juice. Sometimes it is noticed
in apple and crabapple Jelly that al
though 1t is clear when first made, tn,
Jelly becomes cloudy after a time. II
these cases 1t usually is due to the us,
Of partly green fruit, the starch in thi.
fruit probably causing the cloudy ap
pearance.
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30
Photo by George Alsop.


TODAY tribute to
the man who sweats md everythtns
We own He plots channels. paves our streets he
steers the ship OF state he holds within great
engineering eats He walks
fearless he looks death
afraid speeches praise he srnIes
tand well power what we Keen IN
this. his holiday.
Gilpin observer., 1917-08-30

Civilization has kept pace with in.
creased economic production. "Start.
Ing from rude social order wherein
bare and uncertain existence was the
most that man could wrest from ma.
ture, society has attained an incred-
ible economic productivity by the de-
velopment of intellectual force and
manual dexterity, by the more efficient
arrangement of its own powers, and
most of all by the discovery and utili-
zation of natural energies. The diff.
fusion of comforts, the possibilities of
luxuries, the rise of arts and letters,
the spread of culture-in a word, the
development Of civilization is the con.
sequence Of increased economic pro-
ductiOn." And furthermore, we can
place no limit to the future rate Of in
crease in production clearly assign
able.
The history Of the United States
illustrates the working of this prin-
ciple which has ousted the gloomy.
pesslmistic prophecy of Nautilus. From
1850 to 1900 the population increased
226 per cent, while the production of
the eight great cereals increased 400
per cent. And what is true of our agri-
cultural products Is also true even to
n greater extent of iron and steel, tex
tiles and other manufactures. Our per
capita wealth In 1850 was $307. 1t is
now supposed to be about $1,SOO or
$1,000.
Workers Condition Bettered.
Together with this great increase in
national production and wealth, with
the creation of great unprecedented
social surplus, has gone wonderful
betterment In the condition of the
working classes. Wages have risen,
expenditures have increased for non.
physical satisfaction; the deposits in
savings banks have augmented: the
per capita consumption of wheat.
sugar and meat have grown; the death
rate has declined, and, taken alto.
gether, there has n n steady and
unprecedented Improvement In the
condition of the workers.
But the creation of this huge social
surplus has not removed the challenge
Of want; 1t has not destroyed the
menace of poverty. 1t has only made
solution of bitter problem posi-.
BILE. While there Is no doubt that the
Intensity Of poverty is less today than
In the past, even In this country, vet
the challenge Of poverty and its con.
sequent misery still stands wolflike al
our threshold. In the words of Profes.
sor Hollander: 1.-The root of the
problem lies deeper. Poverty, like Ger.
tain of Its primary causes, is phase
OF modern industry. The very forces
which Increase the national product
and enlarge the social surplus, IL left
to themselves, breed conditions of
want. Far from diminishing
with increased wealth production, the
misery resulting from such causes is.
in the face of social inaction, likely to
augment and intensity. Society may
grow richer, civilization may advance,
and yet poverty continue to gnaw can
cer-like ut its vitals."
Our enormous national wealth with
Its unprecedented social surplus, our
vast natural resources which we are
conserving In time, our national ideals
and aspirations for social, political and
Industrial justice are the factors
which, sooner or later, may give us the
unique distinction of being the worlds
first nation to abolish poverty.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-02-08
Beware of the Doctrines OF
DemagOgues in Kansas.
Senator Price Strikes Hidden
Chord in State Senate.
POLITICAL TOM-TOM BEATERS
Senator Wark So characterized
Conditions in State.
Exposure of Newspaper Activity
in Constitutional Fight.

Whom the senate convened today
the proposal to hold a constitutional
convention was hanging on to me
with its eyebrows. The only question
was whether every man who Noteu
AGAINST il in committee of the, whole
Wednesday evening proved immune 10
argument over night. Twenty-Five Oh
the forty senators voted to recon-
mend il for adoption and the otliSi
fifteen voted against that MOTION /"
order to be adopted today the resoiu-
ton must have constitutions ma,
iority-27 votes. If there was no
overnight change it will not get them
and the proposal will be dead
The probabilities are that the + arm
ers union, meeting in Topeka, tuthe',
the tide against % CONSTITUTIONS
convention The fact that the fHteeh
hundred delegates to that convention
representing thousands OF Kansas
farmers. adopted a resolution unalter-
ably opposed to the holding of a con
stitutional convention. was made
known on the senate floor by Senator
Price of Clark, after he had read 1t IN
the State Journal
A test vote had been taken in the
morning and the indications were the
resolution had sufficient friends to put
it thru, but following the announce
ment of Senator Price and following
the reading of the resolution adopted
by the farmers, there were vital
changes. Senator Barr of Bourbon
author of the convention resolution
had made a motion that the resolu-
ton be reported back to the senate
with the recommendation that 1t he
adopted. Senator Malone of Rawlins
had moved as a substitute that when
the committee arose it report the
resolution back with the recommends
ton that it be not adopted.
Lacked Two Votes.
After hours of debate the Malone
motion was put first and it lost by
vote of Is to %. Then the original
Barr motion was put and carried by
identically the same vote. That
meant that the senate committee of
the whole recommended to the senate
that it adopt the constitutional con-
vention resolution The friends of the
measure had a majority at all times,
but on both votes it lacked two of
having a constitutional majority-two-
thirds of the senate-and it must have
that to be adopted
Here is the roll call on the Barr mo-
ton TO report the resolution back for
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-02-08
RUB RHEUMATIC,
ACHING JOINTS
AND STOP PAIN
Instant Relief WIN small Trial Bottle
of Old. Penetrating ..St.
Jacobs Oil"

rheumatism is pain only
Not one case is fifty requires inter
mai treatment. Stop dragging. Rub
soothing. penetrating est. Jacobs OH
right into your sore. stiff, aching
joints and relief comes instantly. st
Jacobs Oil'' is a harmless rheumatism
llniment which never disappoints and
can not burn the skin.
Timber up. Quit complaining, Get
a small trial bottle of old. honest "St
Jacobs OIL at any drug store, and. in
Just a moment you'll be free from
rheumatic pain, soreness and stiffness
Don't suffer. Relief awaits you. st
Jacobs Oil'' is just as good for sci
atica, neuralgia. lumbago, backache
Observation-Disclosures
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-02-08
GERMAN ACT INSULT
Holding Hostages Unprecedent
Ought to Declare War;

New York. Feb S.-''Tne holding {
our ambassador in Germany is a
fragrant act of insult" Prof. Ellory c.
Stowell, Columbia university authority
on international law, declared today.
Many other authorities agreed with
Stoweu in branding the action as
without precedent in international
law
1T is in all violation of international
law" said Stowell. THE retaining of
Americans in Germany would be m
anticipatory reprisal unworthy of a
civilized nation.
II am sure the American nation will
know how to resent the. insult"
Congress ought to declare war on
Germany at noon today said Prot.
Franklin H. Giddings This is out
rageous. There are no words can be
printed which can express what
should be said about it. 1t is perfectly
apparent that Germany means to force
war between this country and her
self -
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-02-08
FRENCH LINER SAFE
Reaches n. Y. With 1877 Passengers
Left Bordeaux Jan. %.

New York. Feb. s.-The French
line steamship Espagne/ arrived here
today with 1877 passengers. including
Americans. She left Bordeaux, Janu-
airy % and passed thru the submarine
zone before the new German naval
policy was put into effect.
The officers refused to tell the route
followed or whether any war vessels
were sighted.
Among the passengers was Elliott
Cowdin of Tuxedo, N. Y, young
American aviator, who has fought
many battles over the French front.
Arrives With Sc Passengers.
New York, Feb. S.-The Tuscania,
queen of the Anchor line ships. arrived
today with fifty-siX passengers from
Glasgow. She was three days late, due
to bad weather and the roundabout
course taken on the way over.
Robert w. Beford, Montreal agent
for the Anchor line, was among the
passengers They had not heard of
the sinking of the California until they
reached port.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-02-08
RELIGION AND U-BOATS
Justify Ruthlessness Because of Brit
aims Efforts 20 Crush Germany.

The Hague, Feb. S.-The Berlin
correspondent of the Roman Catholic
Tijd. of Amsterdam, reports today the
result of a series of conversations ne
has had with German ecclesiastics on
how the sharpened German submarine
war is reconcilable with Christian
doctrines.
The German opinion. he states. is
that the measure is necessity to
which Germany was regretfully forced
by Great Britain's pitiless methods of
warfare. but the view as to what steps
are permissible and what are not is
divided.
The majority, the correspondent re-
ports, hold the view of justification
thru necessity, and thinks that if the
leaders of the nation judge that Ger
many is being destroyed and that her
destruction can be prevented by re-
sorting to submarine warfare, then
there can be no hesitation in perform
ing the duty.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-02-08
SWITCHMEN TO STRIKE
Attempt to Force Eight-Hour Day If
Conference Fails.

Chicago, Feb. S.-If the efforts of
representatives of Chicago switchmen
and the committee from the board of
managers, in conference here today
to reach an agreement, result in fail
ure, the grievances of the switchmen
Will be reviewed by W. L. Chambers,
federal commissioner of cancellation
and mediation, who is in the city.
While both sides declare that there
Is no immediate prospect of a strike,
other union leaders see the beginning
of a series of nationwide strikes by
trainmen in an attempt to enforce
the eight hour day.
The eight-hour day is not incorpor-
ated in the demands of the switchmen
but 1t is understood that unless the
supreme court declares the Ada mson
law constitutional. it will be a bone
for future contention.