davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
By GARRETT P. SERvISS.

When history is making itself as
swiftly as today, past conditions re-
treat like the shrinking track of a
railroad seen from the rear platform
CT an express train. A few rushing
years stretch rapidly into the perspec-
tive of an ordinary century, Take,
for instance, the story OF the subma-
rine. Who can realize the actual near
ness of its beginning? Germany did
not begin to build these terrors of the
sea until 1906, when vi was launched.
Now they swarm like flies, bred in the
fetid atmosphere of war, and their
novelty is swallowed up in their prog.
ress.
Biology itself could not furnish
better example of the necessity of
proper environment for the develop
ment of new forms, or of the quick
ness with which such forms may null
tiply when all the needed conditions
are present. The idea of the subma-
rine is by no means new. To say
nothing of Jonah's unsought adven-
ture, it is at least 800 years old.
A Dutch scientist, Cornelius Van
Drebbel, who amazed King James |
OF England with many exhibitions of
natural magic, made a submarine boat,
covered with a skin of creased leather,
in 1920, and King James took ride
in it. In l776 a Connecticut Yankee,
David Bushnell, made another subma-
rine boat, intended to blow up the
British warships in New York har-
Dor. His boat was OF wood, in the
form of turtle, moved by hand
rover through projecting screw
shaped propellers. He had attached
to it box containing $50 pounds of
powder, TO be exploded by a time
machine, after being fastened to the
bottom OF vessel by a screw worked
from inside the boat. When the box
was securely fastened and the time
device set going, the boat could cut
loose and get away.
The Turtle, as the boat was called
undertook to blow up the British
frigate Eagle, anchored off Staten
Island, Unfortunately, Bushnell
| ""o nv PhysiNdiiy suols cHOuSH u
manage the craft himself, and Gen
eral Putnam selected a soldier named
Ezra Lee to take his place. LIE,
started out on a dark night in the
Turtle, got under the Eagle and triec
to attach the explosive box, but h,
neglected to detach the ballast, tn,
removal Of which would have helt
the Turtle firmly against the ship.
bottom, and, in consequence, he coult
not force the screw into the planking
He cut loose and got safely away, ant
some time later the box exploded, t,
the terror of the British; but, luckil,
for them, it had floated off with TIL
tide, and the explosion occurred at
considerable distance from the ship
I Bushnell's device contained all tn
essential elements OF submarine. |
enclosed sufficient air to furnish, with
out renewal, good breathing for hal
an hour; it had compass, pressur
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13

At the beginning of the third year
the child's diet may be increased by
adding more solid food, especially
meats and vegetables. According to
the United States Department OF Ag-
rculture every healthy child of ,
should have at least one food day
of each of the following FIVE groups:
l. Milk and dishes made chiefly, of milk
(most important OF this group in children's
diet), meat. fish, poultry and eggs.
.. Bread and other cereal foods.
(. Butter and other wholesome fats.
4. Vegetables and fruits.
). Simple sweets.
The meats should be beef. boiled,
broiled or roasted lamb chops; the
white meat OF chicken, or delicate
fish. All meat should be free from
fat, gristle or bone and finely minced
when given to the child.
Eggs should be very soft boiled,
coddled or poached, or soft scram-
bled. Fried eggs should never be given
tc child, but the grated or mashed
yolk of very hard boiled egg may
sometimes be used.
Meat broths made from mutton,
beef, or chicken have little nutri-
ment, but if these are thickened with
arrowroot or cornstarch, and espe-
cially if milk is added, they become a
valuable food. Well cooked vegetables
strained and adder to warm milk, are
not only good foods, but serve to
teach the child to like vegetables.
Cereals should be thoroughly
cooked and served with milk or thin
cream and very small amount OF
sugar or none.
Bread for child should be at least
two days old. Toast, zweiback or hard
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
Wedding Announcements.

Miss Charlotte Cobb and Mr.. Hans
NJ. Kokjer came from Kearney, Neb,,
Tuesday and were married at the
home OF the bridegroom's brother,
Mr.. R. L. Kokjer, Rev. NJ. V. Higbee
officiating After a brief visit to St.
Paul, Mimi. the couple will return
to Kearney, where the bridegroom i:
connected with the Industrial school.
The bride has been nurse in the
hospital at Kearney.
Miss Ethel Johnson and Mr.. Har-
old L. Berg we're united in marriage
Wednesday evening at the home Of
the brides sister, Mrs. Pennington.
Rev. M. V. Higbee offlciated. The
service was in the presence Of about
twenty relatives and friends.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
Idea of q Submarine is at Least
Three Hundred Years Old

gauge, water ballast, Impervious
valves and tubes for discharging foul
air and taking in fresh. But mechan-
ical science was not sufficiently de-
veloped to take advantage of this
Yankee invention, and even during
our civil war, although some slight
attempts were made, the submarine
idea remained awaiting its time.
From 1868 onward various nations
began to experiment, but it is only
within the last three years that the
submarine has found all the condi-
lions ripe to make it one OF the most
fearful of war machines. The inter-
nal combustion engine for driving the
boat when awash, or ahoat, and cleo
trio induction motors, supplied with
power from accumulators, for driv-
ing it when submerged. are among
the chief keys to present success.
But inventors are continually
searching for a motive power which
can be used indfferently for both pur-
poses. Compressed air, sufficient to
provide for the respiration of crew
of many men, during period of two
or three days, if necessary, can now
be provided, and submarines are
made stout enough to go to depths
OF $50 or 200 feet without any danger
OF having their wallis crushed in by
the water pressure. The ordinary
working depth is said by Mr.. Allen
Hoar never to exceed about fifty feet.
At that depth the pressure is over a
ton and half per square foot. AT
200 feet it would be at least six tons.
| There was report the other Gay
that one of the recent methods #
combating submarines is to watch
them so closely that they cannot come
! to the surface to renew their supplies
of air and to recharge their batteries.
Undoubtedly if submarine could be
prevented from emerging at all for
several days the results would be dis
astrous, for even the best of the Ger
man vessels have not approached any
where near the ideal Of Jules Verne's
dream of boat that could rmain for
an indefinite length OF time entirely
submerged.
But they can remain under water
for many hours, and if they can but
get the periscope and coming tower
out for while, they can at least re-
new the air supply. Still, according
to all accounts, the hardships of un-
derwater navigation are extreme, and
very exhausting to the nerves. The
air is oppressive, and so damp, owing
to sweating" that the interior has
to be lined with cork. or other absorb
ing substances. An overpowering ten
deney to sleep seizes upon the men,
and the confinement and constant
anxiety are terribly wearing.
One great boon for the submarine
is the gyroscopic compass. This en-
ables the steersman to set his course
and to pursue it for a long period
with correction by surface observa-
ton. The ordinary magnetic compass
cannot be used because Of the dis
turbances to which it is subjected
from the metal OF the vessel and the
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
To Honor Bride Elect.

Miss Gertrude Akin, whose mar
riage to Mr.. Willard Slabaugh takes
place this month, is to be much
feted bride. Tuesday afternoon the
Misses Ruth and Grace Sabaugh
will give a shower in her honor;
Thursday afternoon Miss Gladys
Goodman will entertain at luncheon
at her home; Saturday Mrs. A. w.
Bowman, an aunt of Miss Akin. will
entertain at luncheon at the Black
stone, and Monday, the sd, DR.. and
Mrs. Joseph Akin will entertain the
bridal party at dinner. at their home.
after which the rehearsal for the we'd
ding will take place. Mr.. Temple
McFayden, who is to act as Mr.. Sla-
baugh's best man, is also planning
some affair for next week, the date OF
which has not yet been set.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
b@',Q::eHM!!;;3:@z!t6l1
April 10 L% WeLL3lciU
Omaha Women Win Praise for Work.
April IL

At the request OF the National Sur
cical Dressings Committee OF Amer
lea Mrs. o. c. Redick has accepted
the position of state chairman OF the
organization for Nebraska. This re-
Quest came as a result Of Mrs. Red
icks splendid work in connection
with the Omaha organization. Each
week she spends her afternoons, with
the exception OF two, at the war relief
rooms in the Baird building, where
she works in a little room by herself,
steadily wrapping bundles OF clean,
neat bandages. She inspects each
article that is finished by the workers
in the big outer room, and if she finds
it perfect she adds it to the piles OF
other finished articles, makes them
all into small packages, marks them
with the stamp Of the National Sur
gical Dressings Committee, Omaha
division, which tells the character and
size OF the bundle, and then arranges
these small bundles in the big boxes
for shipping.
So carefully has all the work sent
to the national headquarters by the
Omaha women been done that in
letter of recent dat: the committee
stated that it had nothing but the
highest praise for them and that they
would be sent one Of the shipping
books which is allotted to those So
cieties who do perfect work. This
means that from now on the Omaha
women are trusted to ship their own
goods direct TO the Paris bureau IN
stead of sending them to New York
for inspection and reshipments across
the water. One OF the chief Difficult
ties now, however, is TO find genuine
waterproof paper for the Innings OF
the packing cases. This is only man
ufactured in New York and Omaha
firms do not keep it in stock.
Not all the bandages and dressings
made by the Surgical Dressings COM
mittee women are like the Red Cross
bandages. The ones they now make
are for the use Of foreign surgeons.
Mrs. Redick, however, has received
instructions to learn the Red Cross
articles, which are different. To this
end Red Cross kit has been sent
for, so that within a short time the
circles working in the Baird building
will be making all the dressings need
ed by the European physicians and
the Red Cross requirements, too.
Omaha Masons have been most
generous in their donations of money
for the purchase Of materials. One
hundred dollars does not go very far,
in these days Of increased prices. The
remainder of the money comes by
personal contribution Of each woman
who sews at the war relief rooms.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
HiIes.Jones Wedding.

Illness seemed to conspire against
the wedding Of Miss Cora Jones and
Mr.. Bradford Hiles Of Lincoln, which
took place Wednesday evening at the
home of the brides parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. S. D. Jones, in Benson. There
were no attendants on account Of
death taking the mother of the in.
tended bridesmaid and the ringbearer
suffering from the measles. The
brides mother was brought home
from the hospital the afternoon of
the wedding. The brides gown was
white silk with pearl trimmings and
she carried bridal bouquet OF roses.
Miss Violet Hughes, a cousin, played
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13

the wedding march.
A reception was held at the home
following the ceremony for about a
hundred guests, among them num-
Der from out-of-town.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hiles left on late
train for three months trip and will
be at home in Lincoln after July l..
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
Good Fellows to Dine
At the Commercial Club

Circular invitations are out for the
good fellowship dinner Of the Omaha
Commercial club, which is to be given
rext Wednesday evening. This is an
annual affair.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-04-13
What Society Has In Prospect.

WHIT SoSIety INaS III ffVoPeef'
Mrs. T. F. Hanley and Miss Mar
garet Cullen will entertain Saturday
Of this week and Wednesday next
week for Mrs. J. A. Cullen and Mrs.
Frank J. Cullen.
Miss Florence Flynn OF the Eek
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04
American $ Pay
Made Him Favorite

The American sailors pay skvs rise
TO certain other complications. British
Tommies and British sailors are paid
from % cents a day up, while Amer''
cans get their dollar day and up.
This put in the blouse pocket Of the
American sailors such possibilities o.
entertainment as Irish girls had never
dreamed o.
Such goings-on had never occurred
when British sailors with the Is cent
q day we're the only attractions. So
tha. British sailors and the town lads
Who never before had had the slightest
competition in winning the hearts o.
girls now found themselves abandoned,
while the girls-their girls!-wsnt
trooping Of into that unhesrd-of fairy
lard which Jack, Of the Y. 8. S. Klon-
dixie. and his dollar day opened 70
them.
The Sim Fe.n has succeeded IN
ostrscizlng American sailors ashore In
ireland, except among the girls ard
among the tradesmen. who make $1,000
a night extra when the usual 400
Americans arc given shore leave. The
tradesmen are making good hesdvsy.
hpweyer, toward securing Q restitution
OF leave FOR the Americans. Two o.
the largest trade bodies here have
passed resolutions Of regret" .. the
"Geplorabls occurrences" and at the
rresent moment there are prospects
that, following a big Sim Fein demon
stration here next Sunday. leave Will
be reopened for the Americans.
(ccpyr.sha. 1917. sy Idsssd hssshsw
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04
The Spirit That Never Dies-By Harry L. Reichenbacl

injured mis- leg when near the Swiss
frontier and became easy prey for a
scouting party Of Landsturmers.
Procomtal served from November IA
TO January IS In solitary confinement,
existing on the black bread and water
and occasional acorn favored coffee, and
on January rs, during a terrible bllz-
zard, again made his way out Of the
prison camp and toward the Swiss from
tier.
For forty-one days. frozen and
starved, this twenty-two-year-old boy
trsmped across the enemy's land and
finally fetched up in Switzerland and
was Immediately given food and trans
portation home.
"He arrived in France on March 23,'
said Moulter, land was about the ht-
test subject for a hospital I've ever
seen. He stayed in bed thirty days,
recuperating from his terrible ordeal,
and then, as soon as his strength re-
turned, came out TO camp and took up
where he left of"
Procomtal bears every decoration
that can be given man for distin-
euished and valorous service, and now
has but one ambition. To quote him:
ITO bring down one German for each
day Of the ninety-ive days hs spent
In black hole"
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04
Sailors Received
Rousing Welcome

When the gray ships steamed into
this harbOr and gave their frat shore
leave a large crowd was waiting TO
greet the tenders which brought the
Americans ashore. This crowd In
cluded British Tommies from the har
Dor garrisons here, British sailors from
the Grand Fleet fotilla, which is quar-
tered here. and civilians, among whom
were liberal sprinklin2 Of Sim Fein-
ers.
The reception was intensified in the
direction Of Sim Feinism when the
American vessels gave their first over
night liberty at the large city which is
situated near here. The bluejackets
were swallowed up almost en- mas.e in
Sim Fein demonstrations.
A baseball game was arranged for
the Americans. The band Of the Sd
Leinsters was secured, and on July 18
1900 Irishmen filled certain cricket
ground TO see "a fine ten-innirgs ex-
hibition Of the CODE" In which the Y.
S. S. Trippe defeated the U. 5. S. Mel
vile, 7 to s.
About this time the Interior motive
of the Sim Fein was beginning 10 be
barred. The Americans began to hear
hints Of IL that were too broad 10 be
m isunderstood. The Sim Feiners con
tinued to heap hospitality upon them,
but the accompanying hints were, OF
course, treated by the Americans as
Joke.
About this time. too, an incident
occurred which the Sim Fein, In re-
versing its attitude toward the Amer
leans overnight, later seized upon ss
an explanation.
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04
Hookworm Lured :
Under Microscope
Many Malifc Germs Shown
at Society's Thirty. ninth
Exhibit

For the frs. time IN New York the
public had an opportunity yesterday Of
seeing hookworm eggs hatch. This was
one of the many exhibits shown At the
exhibition Of the New York Microscopi-
cal Society, At the American Museum
Of Natural History. Also for the first
time in New York, the public was In
trodueed to the acrobaties Of the living
corkscrew, the spiroehaets psllids, .
creature whose family play an evil part
in the diseases Of mankind. The baciili
which cause typhoid fever. diphthsrts
and tuberculosis also were on view.
For those who preferred the beauties
Of Nature under the microscope there
wss Q whole section devoted to the
marvels OF the insnitesimal world.
The diatoms. the germs Of the plant
world; the polariIed minerals, super
rainbows; the lustrous colors OF cres-
lures, such as the Brazilian beetle, and
many other objects were surrounded
by interested groups OF people.
The Importance OF the microscope IN
the detection Of crime was brought out
strongly, and IL was shown that there
is not a single department of human
industry in which the microscope does
not play an important part. The OBJ
jects shown mounted into the hundreds
and the exhibition was held TO be the
most successful that the society has
held In its thirty-nine years Of active
work.
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04

Prceomtal, early IN 1914, enlisted IN
the aviation service, and was assigned
10 the school near Naon. In 1915 he
did splendid service as Q regulator or
artillery FIRE, and, on one flight. suc-
ce.ded in bringing down sn enemy
plane.
IN June, 1915. Procomtal and his OBJ
server, Lieutenant Gorgeau, were nying
at an extreme height and became con-
fused and were lost IN fog BANK:
FLYING around for the better part OF
ar hour. they found themselves run
ming out Of gssolene, and made q land
ing in what they thought was French
territory.
Hardly had their machine landed
when two Boche sentries started toward
them, bayonets fixed.
While Procomtal held the two Ger
mans of, Gorgesu set Are to the ma
chine and WAS killed In the explosion
that followed.
Proeomtal wa. taken prisoner and re-
moved 70 the interior of Germany.
In August Procomtal thought he saw
an opportunity TO escape. and tried II.
Police dogs took up his trail and he
wls captured six miles from camp and
condemned TO black hole for thirty
day.. In November Of the same year
he again tried TO escape, but fell and
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04
By Patrick O'F1aherty

r RELAND, Oct. 25.-For two months
after the American navy last May
made this port one Of their British
bases, the Sim Fein made II Little
Bit OF Heaven" for the American blue
jackets.
Then. almost over night, the Sim
Fein Topped.
Sim Fein's motive was at first to
divert the Americans from alliance
with England into alliance with Sim
Fem and Germany; and when the fail
ure Of this piece Of idiocy became ap-
parent, it adopted the equally idiotic
manoeuvre Of atten pting 70 drive the
Americans out Of Ireland.
Before the American navy arrived
last May there wss great deal Of
eagerness to give the American blue
jackets a generous welcome ashore.
In accordance with the Kultured notion
Of the Sim Fein to turn to advantage
every circumstance, an attempt was
made a. once TO turn this cordiality
20 account. A series of Sim Fein
demonstrations were held nightly in
the street Of large city not far from
this port for week before the ar
rival Of the first American fotilla.
Each Of these demonstrations was
pointed distinctly toward the Ameri-
cans arrival
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04
Cost So, 100 to
Stage That Scene

Because OF the wsywardnes. Of that
engine, and after we had spent seven
days staging the picture, the whole
scene, with It's attendant perils and
expenses, had to be enacted again.
The railroad had been paid s6,S00
for the train and its full equipment,
and in a play that cost s121, 900 that
one scene of wreckage cost $500 on
a gamble that it might turn out avail
able. We bought another train, went
up to Maryland and there secured the
wreck we wanted.
In certain scenes the perils Of a
camera man are twofold-from explo-
sion and concussion. The side of a
mountain was to be blown out. The man
who touched OF the blast was stationed
a mile and a half away. Civil engineers
and experts on explosives planned every
detail OF this scene with reference 10
safety of life and property outside a
prescribed area. We camera men were
inside that limit Engineers did their
best in stationlng US, but We took our
chances.
Imagine mans sensations IL he be-
held the side Of mountain hurled at
him in great fragments, That is how we
felt when two hundred pounds Of dyna-
mite, attached TO blasting wires, were
detonated and five Of US stood grinding
out the consequences within 400 yards
Of leaping boulders.
Our fifth mar was stationed little
further back. We did not know at what
moment nor in what form the blast
would occur. We waited. Everything
was very still. Then explosion rent the
mountain with an appalling roar. The
.r-tth "A
q shock so great that | felt as though
my head were gripped in a wise and
were being crushed through solid
earth and rock. We ground our pictures
mechanically through the neve-wrench-
ing conclusion, and then the rocks came
at US so fast that we deserted our ma
chimes and raced for our lives.
We reached the fifth man ahead Of
the hurting rocks. AS we passed him
be abandoned his camera and fed also.
But we got our pictures.
New-York tribune., 1917-11-04
Aerial Photography
Great Aid to Troops
Aerial photography Is now almos. IN

Aerial photography Is now almost an
exact science. The aviator from
height Of 5000 to 5000 feet car take
a photograph which will include ard
show clearly the whole Of Manhattan
Island; and the photograph can ee en-
larged to show the main streets, DOCKS,
bridges and buildings.
A series OF photographs can bo takrn
from New York to Albany which can
be combined 70 form & continuous mep
of the entire route and show every de-
tail to scale-such map as could hoD
be made by any other method even
with the expenditure of years OF tire
and large sums OF money.
Or the aviator. flying at what Is
considered q slow rate for an aero
plane. about seventy miles an hour,
can take a motion picture OF the ertIre
route, giving the exact typographical
conditions. This would permit the
military authorities within twenty-four
hours TO conduct operations with GEE
tain knowledge as to the conditions
between Albany and New York.
Ultimately. IL may be possible 20 acd
on the margins of the printed route
maps the Photographic map Of the cor
responding strip OF territory, and thus
make the reading Of the map and the
Identification Of the terrain a matter
Of no difficulty whatever.
Existing aeronautical maps arc main
ly the result of the work OF the aero
clubs of France, Italy and the United
States. The same pioneer sportsneh
and volunteers who were responsible
for developing aeronautics in the dIt-
ferent countries up to the time OF ire
war were also responsible for tie first
aeronautical maps. -,
In 1910 officials OF the Automobile
Club OF America and the Aero Club OF
America combined efforts in making a
typographical map. Of western Long
Island for aeronautical purposes. Thi,
man gave the main routes, inhabited
places and landing fields suitable for
landing aeroplsnes. 1t was very credit
able work for a time whom a cross
country seroplsne fight Of twenty-five
or fifty miles was still considered an
extraordinary event.
(By Courtesy Of GeouSptteal hsvfsv)