davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

more or less prominent critics, but
Immediately it is pointed out thai
problems of this character seldom are
solved by the application of beautiful
theories, which overlook certain quail
titles and characteristics Of human
nature that do not conform with al
truistic principles. Greed and sci
fishness, for instance to saying moth.
ing of baser qualities, influence hu
man ambitions and actions in way
that ever will cause differences anc
friction, and when such differences
become serious enough to involve
whole nations, actual conflict, in the
shape of war, naturally ensues.
To eradicate the basic causes OF
war, therefore, will require com
plete reformation of human nature it.
self, which of course is beyond the
range of human possibility. One can
theorize on how it should be done,
but applying such theories is a very
different matter. How, for instance,
is it possible to convince the present
belligerent nations of Europe that
they should accept the president Is
theory that the present war must end
in "peace without victory?' 1t may
be that such outcome is desirable
from the standpoint of outsiders
might even prove conducive to the
welfare of the belligerents themselves,
or some of them-but how can it be
proved that such is the case, and how
CAN the belligerents themselves be
convinced that they should surrender
their present entirely contrary con-
victions?
The president fne-spun theory
seems destined to meet the same fate
as have a good many other visionary
plans for bettering human conditions
and promoting human welfare. Meth
er in this country or anywhere else
has it brought a spontaneous response
of favor and support, simply because
the people sense the fact there is
something lacking about it. that 1t
has flaws that can be felt even though
it is difficult to definitely locate these
defects. And at that there seems to-
be general feeling that some good
may be accomplished by the presi-
dents proposal, for it again has set
the world to talking and thinking of
the beauties of general and lasting
peace, which is a thing that undoubt-
edly is desired by all intelligent peo-
pie everywhere.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
CRUCIAL YEAR OF THE WAR.

This evidently Is deslned to be the
crucial year of the great European
war. The entente powers have made
it plain that so far as they are con-
cerned there is no thought of imme-
date peace and that they intend to
make supreme effort this year to
turn the scales in their favor They
have outlined terms which have stir
red the Teuptonic leaders to outspok-
en- anger and resentment, and both
sides are now making every effort to
prepare for the supreme test
This, of course, means that the bit
ter struggle soon will grow in inten-
sity and desperation, with operations
on such tremendous scale they
doubtless will dwarf everything that
has gone before. President Polncare
of France tells an American newspa-
per writer that war must go on till
Prussianism is overwhelmed and
crushed. Great Britain, Russia and
Italy echo this sentiment. The Ger
man mind. on the other hand, is turn
ed anew to submarine warfare as a
means to balk enemy designs. The
essence of the Berlin spirit is that
Germany must not be starved or
squeezed by an iron ring into submis-
sion and that it will be justified in
any possible course that will prevent
that outcome.
A fatefm year it promises to be,
and one well may wish it was over
and its dangers passed. For these
dangers concern neutral nations, no
less than the belligerents themselves,
and our own nation must run the
gauntlet, with menacing complications
on every side. That it safely may
pass through this crisis without be-
coming involved in the war maelstrom
is the sincere hope of every patriotic
citizen, but the greatest skill and wis
dom evidently will be required to ful
fill this hope. More than ever 1t is
a time for the American people to
pin their faith to the motto of
"Ameriea first" and to let this rule
soften and efface any prejudice or
sentiment that conflicts with true
fealty to our own beloved land
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
POTATOES FROM ENGLAND.

According to Sol Westerfield, o
Chicago. former president Of the Ma
tional Retail Grocers' association. po-
tatoes are being shipped from Eng
land and sold in the Chicago markets
ut prices lower than for the home
crown product. Mr.. Westerfield says
he has seen the bills of lading fol
these British potatoes and knows
what he is talking about. But he
marvels that it is possible to carry
on a business transaction OF this
kind. with profit to those engaged
in it. He thinks it remarkable that
potatoes can be brought so far and
compete with American potatoes, in
a section where the latter are pro
duced in abundance. Also he admits
he cannot understand how England
supposedly faced by a food shortage
on account of the big war, can spare
potatoes to feed Americans, who are
enjoying peace and are shipping vast
quantities of foodstuffs to the bellig-
erent nations.
And it is, in truth, a remarkable
situation. if correctly explained, and
would indicate that something Is
wrong with the price of American
potatoes in the home markets. Last
wears harvest of potatoes was not q
bumper crop, it is true, but the sup
ply was abundant for all legitimate
needs and scarcely seems to warrant
prevailing prices, which are more
than double the average prices of
former years. IF present prices ere
fictitious and due to manipulation, II
might explain the situation. The
claim that English potatoes are being
brought to this country and sold n
competition with the home product
would suggest something of this kind,
and at least it gives food for thought
to American consumers who are pay
ing an extra fancy price for home
grown potatoes this year
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
Many Prune Trees Planted.

Polk county farmers are planting
more prunes than all the other varie-
lies of fruit combined. Nurserymen
everywhere report an enormous de-
mand for prune stock and but little
call for peaches, apples, pears and
cherries. The good crops and large
prices last year undoubtedly have a
lot to do with the situation. Some
farmers have even grubbed up their
apples and planted prunes. A. J. Ma
this, proprietor of the Fruitland Nur-
sery, in Salem, says he is selling
large quantities of prune stock in
this vicinity. The prediction is free
ly made that three times as many
prune trees are being planted this
GEAR than ever before.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

bridges can possibly hope to get. 1t
might be interesting to note that the
new Broadway bridge in Portland,
used about two years, has been paint
ed twice.
The objection that there is no rock
foundation for a concrete bridge is a
poor one. Engineers of the highest
authority say they make foundations
for concrete bridges where need be,
even in quick-sand. The Polk county
court has been in touch with the best
engineers along the coast, men whose
technical and practical knowledge
makes their opinions indisputable
who claim that the foundation for a
concrete bridge at Salem is superb.
Mr.. Dyer, general manager of the
Southern Pacific lines in the north
west, recently told Chas. A. Parks,
member of the advisory committee
of the Polk county board, that il
funds were available for a concrete
bridge to think of nothing else.
The Polk county court is not hold
ing out for "ulterior motives" as is
announced by the Salem papers. They
are simply refusing to go into the
matter with a rush which would af-
terward bring regrets. They want to
acquaint themselves thoroughly with
all conditions before signing any kind
Of contract.
1t appears to us, too, as if the pic
ture were reversed. Salem should be
clamoring for a large and beautiful
modern structure of concrete with
trim arches and lighted roadway at
which they could point with pride
Quilt of course at the expense of the
two counties) while PolR county
should be the one demanding pom
toon crossing or a simple, plebian
'tin" structure.
Down in Benton and Linn counties
similar conditions prevailed few
years ago. People who lived on a
small strip of land opposite Albany
wanted bridge so that they would
have access to that city for trading
Albany stretched her arm
across the river and built them a
bridge, and paid for it. And when
some people in Linn county who
wanted to trade at Corvallis asked foI
access to that city, Corvallis did like
Albany, and built them a bridge.
To our way of thinking Polk coun-
ty has been very generous in this
bridge matter. The county court has
seen fit to defray one-third of the
cost of bridge for Salem, when o.,
per cent of Polk county's share is
paid by Polk citizens who will never
see or use the bridge. Folks action
is a magnanimous one-and all Polk
is asking Of its county court is that
the money be invested in something
that will not have to be replaced in
a short time bridge that is worth
while. And meanwhile Salem is ask
ing our court to please "turn the 9th
er cheek. -
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
Speeding Up For Eggs.
(By B. T. Kauppl

Three things are necessary to pro-
duce a profitable number of eggs in
any flock, no matter what the breed
ing. These are exercise, green feed,
and animal feed of some sort.
I have secured best results from
scratch feed composed of corn, wheat,
and oats, equal parts-about one pint
for each T2 hens, morning and night,
fed in deep litter. For grain mash
1 use wheat midlings, 25 pounds
wheat bran, 25 pounds; ground oats
20 pounds; corn meal, 20 pounds
and meat scrap, TO pounds. This dry
mash is fed from dry-mash hopper.
When pullets are early hatched.
properly housed, and are being fed a
mash such as I am recommending and
poor results follow, try giving them
hot mash just about sundown. Chop
up fine green feed. such as turnips,
mangels, turnip tops, young oats,
wheat or rye from the field, or cab
bage or collards. and mix this with
the amove dry-mash mixture, then
pour on boiling water or, if you have
it. boiling buttermilk or sour skim
milk, and thoroughly mix the mass.
Make it crumbly moist. not too wet
and feed just enough so that they
will clean it up in about twenty min
utes. This will take about one ounce
of dry mash to each bird, bucket of
fine chopped green feed for each 200
birds, and nearly bucket of boiling
liquid. Give this mash as hot as the
bird can safely eat it, Test the mash
with your fingers it should not be hot
enough to burn the mouths of the
hens and yet hot enough to warm
them up thoroughly. This plan must
be carried out diligently each even
ing, as to obtain the best results it
is necessary to care for the birds
like clockwork
/ have recently tried out this feed
iEg plan on six f1ocks of pullets. One
flock producing one to two per cent
of eggs increased to 10 per cent in
ten days, and in another ten days
they were laying 20 per cent, and this
rate should be steadily increased as
the weeks 90 on toward spring. An
other lot increased TO 80 per cent egg
production in three weeks.-Farm &
Fireside.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
TREASURER'S CALL FOR
WARRANTS.

Notice is hereby given that all Gen.
eral Road Warrants of Polk County,
Oregon, endorsed "NOt Paid for
Want of Funds" prior to and in
eluding August 5th, 1916, are due and
payable on presentation at the office
of the Treasurer of said County at
Dallas. Oregon.
Interest ceases on the above men
toned Warrants from the 2nd day of
February, 1917.
Dated Dallas, Oregon, February l,
1917.
A. Y. r. SNYDER.
Treasurer of Polk County. Oregon.
BY Pauline E. Coad, Deputy,
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
OTHERS OPINIONS
Hitting the Printers.

What the high price of print paper
is doing to the newspapers is told in
the following from an exchange:
"The World has just ordered a
small jag of paper to tide over until
spring. No big quantity was ordered,
as the world could not raise the mon
ey to pay for a carload at once. The
paper houses will not wait for their
money and the publisher is often COM
PEELED to wait until subscribers take
notion to pay up. The subscribers
should realize the hardships publish
ers are now having and should make
it a special point to pay the printer
his dues promptly. The World bought
one-fourth of car of paper in this
order and paid $77O.40 for the tenn
porary supply. A year ago the same
amount of paper cost $2676O. The
increase on this small order is $5O2.-
so. That S surely enough-more than
the printer can readily stand. If pa
per price does not go down the in
crease in cost of print paper, such as
the World is printed on, will cost
over $4,000 a year. To make up the
difference it will be necessary to raise
subscription and advertising rates or
go into bankruptcy. The printer
can t bear the burden of high priced
paper The subscribers who owe back
subscription should certainly do their
part by remitting back dues and
paying a year in advance. That Is
the way to cooperate. "
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
Tax Rolls Soon Complete.

Extension of the tax rolls by
County Assessor Graves and Depu-
ties Holman and Nichols will be CON-
pleted about February 10th. As soon
as they are complete they viii be
turned over to the sheriff's Office for
collection. Taxes on both real and
personal property becomes delinquent
Il the first half is not paid on OF
before April 6. The last half is due
on October 5th.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
FINE THEORY BUT WON'T WORK

President Wilson 5 elaborate
scheme for bringing about world
wide peace on lasting basis is gem
orally praised as a piece of "daring
ideahsm." but already it would sp-
pear there are comparatively few.
either in this country or Europe. who
believe it is practicable or capable Of
being worked out according to pro
gram" It is a beautiful theory, is
the gist of numerous comments by
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

In offering his worldwide peace
plan the president at least has sue
ceeded in "starting something, y
whether the final result will meet his
expectations or not.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

Wonder how long it will be before the
newly acquired Danish West Indies
are given a share in the pork barrel
distribution.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

Predictions of a wet spring are be-
ing made. However, this may be in
tended merely to tantalize the pro-
hibitionists.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

FOR SALE-Dry peeled 16-inch fir
wood. l. l.. Smith, phone 1404.
97-9Sc
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

FOR SALE--Cheat and other hay.
White and gray oats. U. S. Grant.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

FOR SALE-Clean vetch seed at three
cents pound, baled cheat hay at
$3.50 a ton and oats, at going
price. A. R. Brown South Red 35,
Dallas. 86-104c
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

WlANTED-To trade modern home
situated on corner of Jefferson and
Maple streets for orchard or small
farm near Dallas. Carl Gerlinger,
phone 1898. 97-105
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02
BULLETIN

FOR SALE-Team, harness, wagon,
three heifers, cream separator. A.
HI. Benton, Falls City. 97-100
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

~ Per Cent Farm Loans on first
- class farms. FL. e. Morton,
Cos Court street., Dallas.
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

FINE PAMPAS GRASS for sale al
$1.0O per clump. Also orders tax,
en- for all kinds of cut flowers
plants, shrubs and trees. J. G.
Rickf, corner opposite depot. 1897
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

FOR SALE-New, modern fve-room
bungalow on Washington street,
terms. McBee Land Co. T-tf
Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927, 1917-02-02

FOR SALE-One new 312 wagon, or
will trade for good work horse.
Phone Black 553. 96-97c
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-04-26


1t pleased, providing 1t informed Nor
gan & Co. of the character and amount
Of Its purchases, such information be-
Ing, Of course, very necessary, to pre-
vent any overlapping of orders. The
only other points Of Importance In the
contract-tO which the French govern
ment became n party four or five
months later-were that 1t was term
Unable by either side at any time and
that Morgan & Co. engaged to disclose
the extent of their holdings In any
firm they might recommend to the
British government.
Since the war began the allied gov
ernments have spent In America on
munitions and raw material alone
about $500, 900, 0,000-rather over half
being for munitions and rather under
half for raw material. Some rs per
cent of this sum, or nearly $1,000, ,0OO,-
600, has been disbursed on the advice
and under the guidance Of Morgan *
Co. suppose no firm in the whole
history of commerce has ever been
placed In such a position or intrusted
with such task.
The great boom, of course, Is over.
No new orders for munitions are being
placed here now by the British and
French governments, and very few, II
any, repeat orders. In few weeks
from now practically all the existing
foreign orders for American munitions
will have run out, though the pur-
chases Of raw material will continue.
We are nearing the end of one Of the
most wonderful chapters In American
industry, and Its lessons and its ad-
vantages can be treated now almost
in q historical spirit.
It makes a really great record, and
one on which all Americans may look
with equal gratitude and pride; graft
tude because 1t has been the means Of
equlpping the nation with some of the
most vital factors In industrial pre-
paredness, and pride because Ameri-
can manufacturers, when put to the
test Of new and highly technical
business, have justified all that has
ever been said In praise Of their YER
satllity, their enterprise, their big and
efficient ways of doing things.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-04-26
MOUSE CLIMBS TO FATAL END
Starts at Pretty Foot In Church at
MerchantvilIe, N. j., but Grip
Is Deadly.

Merchantvllle, N. IA harmless
little mouse came near creating SEN
satlon at one Of the church services
Sunday morning. The mouse started
to roam around the auditorium and
found himself surrounded by beautiful
scenery In the midst Of which he soon
discovered n neatly booted foot be-
longing to one Of the young women Of
the congregation. Without moments
hesitation he started to climb. The
owner of the boot grabbed the mouse
In the middle of his journey, getting a
strangle hold. She exerted so much
pressure that the creature fell to the
floor dead. An obllging usher removed
the carcass.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-04-26

Canada farm lands viii prod..
wheat Of a better quality ~
lower cost Of production Der J.
has heretofore been known !
growing countries. It Is M IA
ment to say, that yields Of 0b,,
to the acre Of wheat are crow |
ada; the statement Is made n \
BUSINESS and Is backed up h, i
ters and afiidavlts of relIabIs \
in Western Canada. The,S u
are enjoying the same hOms n
that their neighbors to the al
ticlpate; they have the n~'
houses, the same good bo,.|
cattle, the same good road, !,
municatiOn, as welr as the a..
social conditions, and, best oi
own their land and what A.
they own for themselves, bpl,,,
datlon for greater wealth NJ
pendence.-Advertlsement
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-04-26
Students on War FOOTING.

The Pennsylvania State College
student body was placed on a war
footing. More than 500 upper class
men who have had two years. inten-
sive military training Joined a special
class to equip them for commissions in
the officers reserve corps. DR.. Edwin
z. Sparks, president, will allow these
students to substitute military studies
for their regular academic work. Col
lege credit will be given. Captain A.
e. Ahrends, the regular army officer
detailed, will examine the applicants
for commissions about June 1.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-04-26
WALKS rs MILES TO
"DEFEND NEW YORK"

Newark, N. J.-Hearing that
the Germans were bombarding
New York, Andrew Miller,
farm hand, dropped his milking
pail and walked 20 miles as fast
as he could hike to the marine
recruiting station here.
"Just give me n gum" he told
the recruiting officer. 81 don't
need uniform-these overalls
are good enough. Let me draw
q bead on those Prussians and
it's good night to them |"
Miller was quite upset to learn
that the beautiful gilt angel was
still perched on New York's mu-
nicipal building and the Ger
mans hadn't even declared war.
"Well, l amt going to hoof
those twenty-five miles bach
again, anyway. said Miller. So
he filled out a recruiting blank,
and soon was on his way to
Charleston, s. G.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-04-26
UNITED STATES IS NOW EXPERT
IN MAKING MUNITIONS OF WAR
America the Uneady Is America the Uneady No LongerRc in
Machinery and Experience This Country Can Now Turn
Out War Material in Staggering Quantities
High Efficiency Reached in Big Plants

to come In, first In rivulets, then In
spates, and at last In torrentlal flood,
the whole country was fertilized. The
purchase Of horses and the demand
for meat and grain In unheard-of guam
titles filed to overfiowing the pockets
of the farmers. The boot, woolen,
clothing, and implement manufactur-
ers were soon working overtime. Such
raw materials as brass, nickel, and
copper put on an amazing squirt. In
deed, for while 1t almost looked as
though the American Industrial ma
chine would be subjected to a strain
1t might not be able to bear.
Bid Against Each other.
So little in the early days Of the war
was the business of purchasing Amer
lean supplies reduced to system that
not only were England, France, and
Russia competing with one another,
but the army and navy departments
Of all three countries had their sepa-
rate representatives over here cover
iiB TIC sunni ElOuhu anu biuhiho
fiercely for the same commodities.
If things had gone on like that the
results would have been bad for the
allies, but, think worse for America.
There would have been much Ill
feeling, constant misunderstanding
and more than a little litigation.
American manufacturers would have
got, and were, in fact, rapidly getting,
a bad name In Europe; and 1t might
easily have happened that the short
comlngs of a comparatively few Amer
lean contractors would have proved a
boomerang to all American prosperity.
Nor could the United States have
reached its present level Of uniform
well-being under the haphazard sys-
TEN of buying and selling that OBJ
talned In the first months Of the war.
Some corporations would have prof
tied abnormally; others would have
been left out In the cold, and while
trade in any event would have re-
vived, Its revival would have been
much less diffused, much more un-
even. and much more liable to sudden
setbacks. War business In those days
was practically the only business the
United States was doing; 1t was the
malnstay of the whole Industrial fab
ric, and while II was important for
the allied governments, 1t was even
more so for America, that 1t should
be handled with judgment by respon-
sible agents, and In way that would
bring In the utmost benefit to all par
ties.
Appoint Purchasing Agent.
The British government in January,
1915, selected the house Of ]. p. Nor
gan & Co. to act as Its representative
In America, to safeguard 1t against
the men of straw, supervise its pur-
chases, and bring order and common
sense into the business Of making con-
tracts. The firm was to receive
commission Of 2 per cent on the first
$50,000,000 of the purchases 1t was au-
thorized to make, and per cent there
after. 1t was not an exclusive con-
tract. That Is to say, the British gov
ernment might buy through other
channels and agencies to any extent