davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09
The Presbyterian
Warwork Board
To Hold Council

Nashville, Tenn. Dec. 8.-Through
the office in this city Of the war
work council of the Southern Pres
byterian church. there is being
planned q conference on Southern
Presbyterian war work to be held in
Atlanta. Ga. on December IL, which
will be the most important confer
ence on war work ever held in the
Southern Presbyterian church.
Representative men from Newport
News, Va, to San Antonio. ex., have
been asked to speak at this confer
ence. The subjects will embrace
the. work that this church is attempt
ing to do In number Of cities in the
South. where environments are To-
Gated. The aim of the wark work
council is embodied in the slogan,
"Serve Our Soldiers Outside the
Camps-Outside is Ourside." There
is no effort made to do the work of
the Y. NJ. c.. A.. but only an effort
to serve the interests: of the boys
cent to the camps and when they
need the friendly influence of their
monther's church.
To this end the war work council
is asking for $4,000 from the church
to be raised by the first of January.
|"Our War Work Sunday" will be
observed on December %, Christmas
Sunday. The burden Of looking after
the large number soldiers in the
South at tits time has fallen with
especial heaviness upon certain
churches Of the Southern Presbyte
rian denomination. This fund win
relieve the situation. The Northern
Presbyterian church recently raised
s5oo.000 for army work.
Rev. James Vance, D. D.. pastor
Of the First Presbyterian church, of
this city. Ii chairman Of the war
work council. Rev. Albert Sidney
johnson. D. D.. Of Birmingham. Ala.
is vice-chairman. Mr.. A. N. Sharp.
Of Atlanta. Ca, Is Treasurer, and
| Rev. C.. erosion Gum, Chaplain
base hospital unit No. 40. is execu~
tive secretary.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09
MASON SChRR|TT,
OLD RESIDENT, DIES
AT THE HOSPITAL

Mason Scarritt, aged 72 years. one
of the oldest and most widely known
Of Pensacolians passed away Satur-
day morning at the Pensacola hos
pital leaving a large number of rel
atlves and friends to mourn his loss.
The funeral will take place this
afternoon from the home of broth
er Of the deceased, Mr.. S. M. Scar
rift. at 802 East Jackson street. the
cortege to leave that place at 2:45
o'clock for the Sacred Heart church,
where the funeral services will be
held. The remains will be inferred
at st. Michael's cemetery.
The pall-bearers will be az fol-
lows: Gibson Moreno, Mansfield Mo-
reno, Edgar Purdy, Wallace Purdy.
Octavius Smith and Francesca Sub
lett.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09
MOONLIGHT SCHOOLS
POSSIBLE IN w. FLA.
Especial to The JournaD

Crestview, Fla, Dec. s-Quite an
interesting meeting Of enthusiastic
members Of the Okaloosa Teachers
Association took place here today.
A movement for the further devel-
opment Of this county's educational
facilities was discussed by Misses
Bessie Perryman and Carey L. Rice.
in presenting the moonlight school
question, and resulted In several
pledging themselves to attempt
moonlight schools for illiterate
grownups in their districts. Quite
lengthy discussions arose between
Messrs. Smith and Pryor over the
conservation Of this county's teach
ers' funds for q new building being
erected. Officers elected for the en-
suing year are: J. L. Smith. presi-
dent; G. w. Barrow, first vice-prcsi-
dent; P. ]. Franklin. second vice
president; Carey L. Rice, secretary;
W. c. Pryor, treasurer, and Elsie
Rice. editor.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09

Already our stocks are be
ginning co assume an air OF
Christmas. It is very no
ticeable on every hand.
And particularly is this
true in our showing of new
bathrobes- their beautiful
colors, some gay and others
conservative - are sugges-
tive of the gift giving spirit.
You certainly could not
select a more sensible gift
for a man.
Prices
| IS to $40
iuoalnWkfte Store
80 - =
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09
lament her not as those who sorrow

ldHiGNL uSI IIOG dS GIIOS0 WIZ 6OA1oU
without hope.
Her supreme effort was to rear
her children in the nature and ad-
monition of the Lord. hose efforts
were corwned with success, for she
lived to see her sons and daughters
reach the years of maturity and &C.
cupying position of honor and use
fitness in circles both civic and re-
ligious. and bequeathing to them at
her death a priceless legacy. Now
they rise up and call her blessed.
"She has done what she could" She
has fought a good fight, she has
fl, ed her course, she has kept the
- her labors are ended and she
has entered into that rest which re
naineth to the people of God. "Yea
sayeth the Spirit that they may rest
from their labors; and their works
do follow them"
A FRIEND.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09

Silk. madras, silk mix
lures have certainly broken
into the holiday class. Good
selections here; all prices.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09
therein better worth the living?

Housing, sanitation, transporta-
ton and city planning are the NUM-
cipal problems of today and of the
future. The solution of these prob
lens is most intimately related to
the movements for thei Improvement
of public health and the prolonga-
ton of human life. Their connection
is direct, and vital. It is, therefore,
important to the companies that the
cities be enabled to proceed in these
and allied lines; and proper that
they should aid in this work to the
utmost extent of their ability.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09

Yes Nam, we've the
belts, too. Finest leather,
black, tan, gray, German
silver or sterling for mono
gram.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09
A Splendid Cough Medicine.

"I have used Chamberlain's Cough
Remedy a number of times during
the past two or three years for colds,
coughs and hoarseness, and am
pleased to say it has always given
me prompt relief. 1 consider Cham
berlain's Cough Remedy a splendid
medicine and have recommended it
to my friends, who have used it ard
likewise praise it highly" writes
Mrs. w. F. Frantz, Golden, N. Y
Adv
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09
Veterans to Attend.

All members Of Camp Ward, q. G.
", and all Confederate veterans are
respectfully invited to attend the
funeral Of our deceased cornrade. Ma
son Scarritt, at 2:45 o'clock this
afternoon. from the residence. S02
East Jackson street.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-09

DR.. Yates, Optician, has moved
office 70 119 1-2 So. Palafox. over
DAlemberte's store. Special atten-
ton to difficult cases.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24

Two of them are early models which
indented strips of papier mache (mat-
rices) from which stereotype casts
were made. Some of these earlier ma
chimes consisted of a cylinder which
held the type faces and the mechanism
to bring it into position to indent the
paper-all of which was controlled by
the pressing of key. This style,
called a rotary impression machine,
was built mainly by the late Ottmar
Mergenthaler in 1S77-7S under the aus
pices of ]. o. Clephane, who later or
ganized the National Topographic com
pany. The second, called stereotyp-
er, worked well, but the casting of the
slugs was fouEd to be unsatisfactory,
md Mr.. Mergenthaler undertook the
invention of one machine to do all the
work.
He started work with l.. G. Hine
early in 1888, making a small expert
mental machine, which printed but II
letters at time, but demonstrated the
fact that full-sized machine built on
this principle would be ain enormous
step in advance. This was accom-
built-the third of the series exhibited
In the Smithsonian building-which
was the first machine from which limo
type bars, or slugs, were cast. On the
printing face the characters formed a
complete and solid line of type, similar
to n line of individual type soldered
together, and they were ready for use !;
II number of lines making up column
or page-iust like the individual lines
of this article.
How Machine Operated.
The matrices or dies for the differ
ent letters used in this first machine
were on long tapered bars, arranged
side by side vertically, each contain
Ing u complete alphabet, other charac-
ters and spaces. The operation of the
keys in the keyboard set n number of
stops, one for each letter depressed,
and when the whole line was set, the
entire line of matriX bars was lowered
until the different bars came into con-
tact with their respective stops, which
were at various heights, so that ut a
certain point the characters on the
matrix bars formed line of reading
matter. There was no automatic justi-
fcation, or spacing, to make the line
the exact length required, but it was
left to the operator, who struck the
space key and filed in with thick or
thin spaces on the tapering matrix
bars. The line of matrix bars was
then clamped together, mold was in
terposed between the matrices and Il
pot of molten metal, which moved up
thu slot in the mold, and the linotype
bar was cast. The line was then un-
clamped, the matrices automatically
raised to their normal positions and
similar operations for casting the next
line were performed.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
Lowered in Twenty Years From
1873 to TT Per Cent of
Population.
RISES AMONG FOREIGN-DORN
Big Improvement Is Shown Among
Native Whites and Negroes-Dis-
trict of Columbia Leads In
q. Ten-Year Period.

Decrease in illiteracy was greater
in the District of Columbia during the
period from 1890 to 1910 than in any
state in the Union, according to sta
tlstics just published by Uncle Sans
bureau of education.
Illiteracy in the district decreased 81
per cent during this time, while the
nearest competitor to the district was
Kansas, with decrease of 60 per cent.
Maryland showed a decrease of "a per
cent and Virginia 80. New York re-
manned stationary, while Oklahoma
showed an increase of 3 per cent and
Connecticut an increase of 13 per cent.
Percentages of llliteracy.
The percentage of illiteracy in the
District of Columbia in 1910 was 40
per cent, this ratio being higher than
the percentage of illiterates in the pop
ulation of Iowa, Nebraska, Oregon,
Washington, Idaho, Kansas, Utah,
South Dakota, Minnesota, Indiana,
North Dakota, Michigan, Ohio, Wiscon-
sin, wyoming, California, Colorado,
Illinois, Vermont, Maine, Missouri,
New Hampshire and Montana. The
percentage of illlteracy in the District
of Columbia was less than in Massa-
chusetts, New York, New Jersey,
Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Connecticut,
Nevada, Maryland, Rhode Island, Del
aware, West Virginia, Texas, Ken
lucky, Arkansas, Tennessee, Florida,
Virginia, North Carolina, New Mexico,
Georgia, Arizona, Mississippi, Ala
bama, South Carolina and Louisiana.
The percentage of illiteracy in the
United States has been lowered dur
ing 20 years from 1873 per cent in 1890
to 1O.7 per cent in 1900 and TT per
cent in 1910; but the number of illit-
crates has decreased less than 10 per
cent and the number of foreign-born
Illiterates has increased 43 per cent.
Foreign Born Illiterates.
Since 1880 the percentage of native
whites to total population has in
creased and the percentage of Hitter
acy among them has diminished. The
percentage of foreign-born to total pop
ulation has increased as well as their
percentage of illiteracy. The per cent
of negroes to total population has de-
creased, and the decrease in percentage
of illiteracy among them is marked.
Every class of illiterates has de-
creased except the foreign-born illit-
crates; their increase has unbalanced
the whole decrease of all other classes
combined-native whites, negroes, In
dians, Chinese, Japanese-during the
last 35 years.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
STARTS NEW MARKET SERVICE
Uncle Sam Believes System Will Aid In
Stabilizing Live Stock and
Meat Prices.

Uncle Sam has established a new
market news service on meats, supply
ing telegraphic reports of conditions in
three representative eastern meat-con-
suming centers. These reports are
now available daily to the trade and to
consumers in New York, Boston, Phila-
delphia, Chicago, Kansas City and
Omaha. They are intended to place at
the disposal of the meat producer and
of the wholesale and retail trade use
full information in regard to supplies
on hand, the demand for the various
kinds and grades Of meat, and other
factors influencing the trade.
New York, Boston and Philadelphia,
where the conditions are representa-
tive of those in other large consuming
centers, government agents obtain early
each morning all available information
and send Ii by wire to Washington and
to the eastern and western local offices
of the office of markets and rural or
ganization. There it is placed early In
the business DAY at the disposal of all
interested persons.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
TORPEDO is COSTLY
Every One Fired Costs Uncle
Sam ST, 900.
On Land, Machine Gun Is Most Ex-
pensive, Eating Up $12 Every
Minute 1t Is In Action.

A few years ago theatergoers were
much interested in Il production in
which the hero had to get rid of mil
lion dollars in year or lose a larger
estate.
Figures just compiled by Uncle
Sans ordnance officers show that If
the hero had declared little war and
it had lasted n few weeks he would
have experienced no difficulty in rid
ding himself of his wealth.
The figures show that eacbntime
Uncle Sam fires torpedo 1t costs ST.
900.
Ordnance expenses in time of war
range from a maximum of $1,000
for each torpedo to 2 cents for each
bullet fired from a revolver.
If the dreadnaught Arizona gets
into action and fires a broadside from
its II 14-inch guns and auxiliary can
non it will cost just $4,000 for each
of these performances.
On land the machine gun has about
the most expensive appetite of any
of Uncle Sans weapons. The ma
chine gun fires between 500 and 600
bullets of 80 caliber a minute, which
makes it cost $12 for each go seconds
of activity.
Every bullet fired from rifle by an
infantryman 'or cavalryman costs D
cents, while the pistol shots fired by
cavalrymen, officers and non-commis-
stoned officers cost 2 cents apiece. The
shells and shrapnel used by field artil-
lery cost about $40 each, while a pro-
jectile for a 14-inch land gun costs
5000.
The torpedo. however, is not only
the most expensive means of destruc-
ton used in American warfare, but 1t
is the most delicately constructed
weapon at Uncle Sans command. 1t
is virtually launch, being equipped
with two screw propellers moving in
opposite directions and being 1S or 20
feet long. 1t will continue to plow he
sea until its motors run down or 1t hits
the mark.
Nitroglycerine and copper contribute
most heavily to the expense of tor
pedoes. Expert workmanship ranks
next as an item of cost, for the deli
cate parts of torpedo must be accu-
rate in their construction TO one-1ve-
thousandths of an inch. A thickness
or thinness of more or less than one
five thousandth of an inch in any part
of the mechanism would prevent 1t
from working properly.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
HIGH COSTS HIT UNCLE SAM
Expense of Feeding Each Man in Army
More Than Doubled In the
Past Twelve Years.

Uncle Sam, the largest individual
housekeeper in the United States, is
the hardest hit of all by the high cost
of living. He spends between $9000,-
600 and $10,000000 year to feed his
soldiers and sailors alone.
In the last - years his food costs
have more than doubled. The army
ration today is approximately 81
cents; in 1898 1t was less than IS
cents.
1t costs Uncle Sam more money to
feed the boys at Fort Hamilton, N.
Y, than it costs to feed the soldiers
in Manila.
The reason for this is meat.
Chinese beef is now bought at 10
and IL cents pound at Hong-Kong
and other points. New Zealand and
Australian mutton runs cheaper than
the American product. In addition to
this, rice, prunes, peaches and other
commodities, including beet sugars of
the Pacific coast travel to the Philip
pines in army transports and the
freight charge, which figures in the
prune and peach eaten in the East, is
eliminated.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
TRADE TRAINING IS LACKING
Uncle Sans Chief Foreign Commerce
Booster Says Facilities Are
Not Sufficient.

DIR. Edward Ewing Pratt, chief of
Uncle Sans bureau of foreign and
domestic commerce, declares that the
United States lacks facilities for pre-
pairing men for a career in foreign
trade.
'aThe great demopstration for foreign
trade in this country" he says, "began
literally before the echoes of the first
guns in Europe died away. 1t was
really ten months later, however, be-
fore we began to get our bearings and
before the business men of our coun-
try actually get down to brass tacks
in this foreign-trade business-some OF
them have not got there yet. But in
spite of all this noise, backed up as 1t
has been recently by a considerable
amount of real solid activity, the uni
versities and colleges have not yet
awakened either to the need in the
everyday business world or the oppor-
tunity for practical service that lies
before them.
'It is not sufficient for the profess
sors to point to few language courses,
many OF which do not really teach the
languages; and to general course of
commercial geography; nor to a course
on the history of South America; nor
even to a general course on foreign
trade. Foreign trade has technique
of its own. No doubt many of the
courses in the ordinary school are ex-
cellent as leading to foreign trade.
But the mere assembling of a few pa
Der courses under denomination
which will attract students interested
in the subject is not sufficient.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
"GET THE MAP HABIT" IS
TRADE EXPERTS ADVICE
Uncle Sans Commercial Attache In
Orient Finds Ignorance of &C.
ography Here.

"Get the map habit is the gist or
the advice given by Julean Arnold,
American commercial attache to China
and Japan, to those of his fellow-couh-
trymen who are desirous of doing busi-
ness in the far East. In the course OF
an interesting and valuable report TO
the department of commerce at WASH
ington, he says:
"In touring the United States to as
sist American manufacturers and mer-
chants to better understanding OF
their trade opportunities in the orient,
1 found a most deplorable dearth of
maps in chambers of commerce, manu-
featuring plants and business Offices.
Even where commercial organizations
were equipped with foreign-trade de-
partments, / seldom found map or
foreign country IN evidence in such
departments. Sometimes when an In
uuirer asked about the location of a
city In the orient, found the CONNER
cial organization through which l was
working unable to furnish even an at
las to which l might refer my in
quirer.
"The American people must get the
map habit If they are to take up seri-
ously the question of foreign-trade eX-
tension. When the maps are on the
walls they will be used, and when the
maps are not on the walls, in nine
cases out of ten, atlas or other refer
ence books will not be used. When
the maps are on the walls, interest in
foreign countries will be increased
Mr.. Arnold insists that knowledge
of the geography of the country where
Americans wish to trade is absolutely
necessary if business relations are to
be satisfactorily developed in the fu-
ture. Throughout the United States,
according to him, he found instances
of deplorable ignorance of geography.
"For some unaccountable reason"
he writes, "most people seem to look
upon China as country entirely in
the tropics. When l mentioned Pc
king as being in the same latitude as
Philadelphia, there was much genuine
astonishment displayed"
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
TOY INDUSTRY GROWS
Huge Increase in Number of Fac.
tories in Country.
Capital Employed in Business Has In
creased 1880 Per Cent Since 1859,
Uncle Sam Reports.

The American toy industry has ad-
vanced by leaps and bounds during the
past 80 years and has gained additional
prestige as a result of the European
war, according to announcement made
by Uncle Sam through the department
of commerce.
Since 1859 while the growth in popu-
lation has been only 219 per cent, the
number of establishments in the United
States where toys are made has in
creased 2,317 per cent; the number of
wage-earners employed in the concerns
has jumped 4,3S1 per cent, and the
capital invested in toy manufacture
has increased 1850 per cent.
In 1859 the United States Imported
nearly twice as many toys as it pro-
duced. Twenty years later conditions
were reversed and the country was
producing more than twice as many
toys as it purchased abroad. In 1914
the value of the output of American
made toys was 1.6 times the value of
the years toy imports.
In the fiscal year 1912 the United
States imported from Germany 81
3S4, 1872 worth of dolls and S7,596,7oT
worth of other toys. For the fiscal year
1916 the doll imports dropped to SGl7'
333 and the other toy imports from
Germany to $1,75S,6S3.
In the past the United Kingdom and
Canada have been the best customers
for rAmerican-made toys.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
Kangaroo Skin Imports.

The latest government statistics
show that there were 1,072, ,494 pounds
IF kangaroo skins imported during the
II months ending May 81 1916, as COM
pared with 672339 pounds in 1915 and
1,225.679 pounds in 1914 for the
same period. The imports last year
were valued at $633, ,301, or an average
Of about SO cents pound. There are
less Of these skins received than of
any other variety used in making shoe
leather; but genuine kangaroo skins
make excellent leather and large guam
titles would be tanned If the skins
we're available.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
Places It on Exhibition in the
Smithsonian Institution
at Washington.
EARLY MACHINES were CRUDE
Model Now on Display Of Much Inter-
est as Showing Great Progress
Made in Type-Settlng
Equipment.

Uncle Sam now has on exhibition the
first linotype machine that was matie.
The machine has been installed in the
Smithsonian building at Washington.
The exhibit is of particular interest as
showing how crude was the first at
tempt to produce type-setting ma
chine which now has reached such a
high state of perfection.
This particular idea, the invention
of Mergenthaler, revolutionized print
ing. 1t was the first machine to cast n
complete line of type ready to print
from
There are three machines. exhibited
In the Smithsonian halls which are
closely related to the development of
this contribution to the art of printing.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
UNCLE SAM AIDS HOUSEWIVES
Plans to Assist In Solving Servant
Problem by Raising to New Dig
nifty Work of Domestics.

Uncle Sam plans to enlist the CO.
operation of housewives to solve the
servant problem and raise to a new
dignity the work of domestics.
Immigration Commissioner Caminet-
ii, who has charge of the employment
service, said:
"By developing the consideration of
this work throughout the country, by
endeavoring to standardize the vari-
Gus kinds of work in households, by
truly dignifying household work, field
will be opened to thousands of women
and girls who hitherto have stayed
away from it"
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
Sun Now Never Sets On
The United States Flag.

Great Britain is no longer the
only nation that can say that the
sun never sets on its territory.
Since the United States acquired
the Danish West Indies it can
make the same boast, says
Youths Companion.
Hitherto the little island of
Culebra, which is virtually part
of Porto Rico, has been our most
easterly point of land, and the
island of Balabac in the Philip
pines our most westerly point.
The distance between them is
just a little less than $50 de-
grees, or half the circumference
of the earth. st. Croix, in the
Danish West Indies, is 80 miles
farther east than Culebra-
enough to bridge the gap. Just
as the sun is rising on st. Croix
it Is setting on Balabac.
The Colorado statesman., 1917-03-24
Onion Seed imports Grow.

There were 1887 pounds of onion
seed valued at $685. invoiced at the
American consulate at Teneriffe, Ca
nary Islands, for the United Statea
during 1916 compared with 39,634
pounds Valued at $a0.S2S for 1914
Uncle Sam reports.