davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1917-06-21
RIGHT THINNING AIDS TREES
Helps to Produce Marketable Fruit
and Secures Best Selling and Most
Profitable Crops.

Proper thinning helps trees to pro-
duce marketable fruit each season /;
tends to avoid danger Of alternating
crops. Secures best selling and most
profitable crops.
Care should be used by pickers not
to break off the fruit buds for the fol-
lowing year. Never allow the orchard
boxes filled with the fruit to stand in
the sum-.
Where possible, pick fruit during
the coolest part of the day.
Picking at proper time is just as
important as any other part of the
work.
Fruit picked too early is usually IN
dt for food.
Fruit picked too late is usually too
ripe for shipment.
Apples picked after heavy frost do
not hold up well.
Rain on fruit that is maturing in
jures the keeping quality.
Care should be exercised in picking
the different kinds of fruit so the mar
ketable qualities will o be injured.
Proper packing is just as important
ms proper sorting, for a good neat
pack helps sell the fruit.
, 1917-06-21

hat might be carried in one and a
sweater in the other. Mostly they are
moderately large, square-patch pockets,
and occasionally they are made in a
fanciful shape.
White cotton gaberdine is liked for
many of the new sports skirts to be
worn with bright-colored sweaters.
Khaki, with brass buttons and fastened
uniform pockets makes the correct
hiking" skirt. For country club wear
there are white wash satin, tub silk
and heavy linen skirts.
Machine stitching in vivid silks lends
the required dash of color to white
silk, and bindings in contrasting color
with large pearl buttons distinguish
the linen models.
Taffeta silk in black, or dark colors,
with colored stripes, was introduced
early and remains popular for after
noon skirts. The skirt pictured is
shirred at the waist and has a sash
and bag of the silk.
, 1917-06-21
PREVENT CLUB ROOT
In RAISING CABBAGE
Difficulty Can Be Overcome by
Treating Soil With Mixture
of Lime and Salt.

Those who have had great difficulty
in growing cabbage on account of the
presence of club root will find that
lime and salt properly used will help
them grow fine, healthy cabbage free
from this disease. Take Il peck of
lime and a quart of salt and mix well
together, and then when making the
small excavation for the cabbage plant
place a handful of the lime and salt
mixture in the cavity and stir well to
mix 1t with the soil in which you are
planting the cabbage.
Another way is to remove u quart
or W of soil at the point where the
cabbage is to be planted, and mix the
earth with about a fourth of u pint
of the lime and salt mixture. Then
place the earth back, set out the cab
bage plant and water freely. A little
of the lime and salt mixture scattered
over the soil for a distance of a few
inches above each plant may aid
what in preventing the trouble.
, 1917-06-21
Separate Skirts of All Sorts.

Now is the summer of the separate
skirt at hand, with sports skirts and
street skirts and tub skirts ready for
the hot weather, that Is overdue, and
silk skirts for more dignified dress.
Hardly n wardrobe but has an example
of each of these. Tub skirts, in heavy
c%ottons, are smartly tailored, with big
patch pockets, buttons and machine
stitching to give them the proper finish
for street YEA They are shown in
pique, poplin, galatea cloth, basket and
other heavy weaves In the same kinds
of cloth, stripes and figured patterns
give room for play of the designers
fancy in sports skirts.
q That fancy appears to have strayed
pocketward and to have fingered there.
Especially in sports skirts in a plain
color the pockets the thing that pro-
the skirt as destined for the
shore or camp or the link. Some of
these pockets are so large that they
look like p%anniers and suggest hat a
, 1917-06-21

ter which must be given careful con
sideration.
Greatest results may be realized on
ly by careful attention and hard work.
Capital will play some part in this
matter, but every mans results will
depend to n great extent upon the
care and judgment with which his OPP
erations are conducted, rather than
upon his banker.
e. A. Trowbridge, professor of ami
NAL ~husbandry In the Missouri Col
lege Of Agriculture, outlines briefly the
steps which the farmer himself can
take in replenishing and increasing the
meat supply.
a. Saving the young animals at
birth. (2) Mating all the females that
give reasonable evidence of being able
to produce young successfully. (3)
Mating females with only the best
males. (4) Increasing the amount of
feed, especially roughness, by improv-
ing pastures, and by saving other
roughness which is frequently wasted.
(5) Utilizing roughness and saving
grain to the greatest possible extent
in meat production. (6) The elimina-
ton and curing of disease wherever
possible.
, 1917-06-21
ARsENIcM SPRAY TO CONTROL PLUM PEST

Spraying with arsenate of lead with
a soap spreader and sticker proved
most effective, in tests conducted by
the Ohio experiment station, to con-
troll the plum curcullo, a beetle that
attacks plums, cherries, applies and
other fruits, causing them to fall Off
or to be gnarled, wormy and worthless
for market.
Two or three pounds of ~arsenate of
lead paste is mixed with $3.50 Dor
deaux and two pounds of soft soap
and applied just after the plums or
cherries have bloomed, then again in
about two weeks, and If necessary in
the latter part of July to destroy
young beetles emerging from the
ground at hat time. The bordeaux
mixture, added to control rots, is
made by dissolving two pounds Of cop
per sulphate (blue ~vitriol) in hot wa
ter, adding this solution to the milk
of lime obtained by shaking three
pounds of quicklime, and then dilut-
ing the mixture of these materials
with water to make so gallons. Where
, 1917-06-21
SPRAY FOR SAN JOSE SCALE
First Summer Application for Apples
Should Be Made Just Before
the Tree Blossoms.

If apple trees have San Jose scale,
scurfy or oyster shell scale, spray
while the trees are dormant with a
commercial sulphur solution at the
rate Of n to eight gallons of water.
The first summer spray for apples
should be applied just before the trees
blossom, at a time when buds are
showing pink, but before they have
opened. This spray should consist of
lime-sulphur at the rate of one to forty
gallons of water, and to this mixture
add arsenate of lead at the rate of
two pounds to so gallons of water.
These W. materials should be mixed
together, the l~ime-sulphur being a
spray for apple scab, codling moth and
lead for the control of curculio.
The second summer spray should be
made Immediately at the fall of the
bloom, that is, after the blossoms have
, 1917-06-21
GROWING OF FRUIT
TREES OUTLINED
Good Foundation Needed on
Which to Build Upper and
Most Important Part.

The growing of a productive fruit
tree is not so different from build
Ing a house. Each must have a good
foundation on which to build the up
per and most important part Of the
structure. The framework or scat
fold (the lower limbs Of the fruit
tree) should be well placed so as not
to form crotches, and with most va
rieties not " seven scaffold
branches should be left. When form
Ing the scaffold or foundation for the
top of the tree, remember to keep the
branches balanced. And remember
to make provision for a good top.
which produces the profit to the fruit
grower.
After planning the future top of the
young tree, prune often rather than
toe heavily at n time. By following
this plan but very few large limbs
will have to be cut at any one
time.
When pruning bearing trees, al
ways remove all diseased and all
bruised, broken and badly crossing
limbs. Never leave a stub where a
limb is removed, but make the cut as
close to the trunk or large limb as
possible.
When the top becomes too dense,
thinning can sometimes best be done
by removing one or more Of the scat
fold limbs. AS a rule all top pruning
should be done by removing small
branches rather than large branches.
Ever keep in mind that a well-bal-
anced tree is the most productive tree.
When pruning in winter, always re-
member 1t will be to the advantage of
the tree to summer-prune in part, rath-
er than to overprune in winter.
, 1917-06-21
Hog Crate on Rack.

floor laid level on top of the holsters.
The picture shows how the crate or
rack was built on this floor.
There are two partitions with hinged
gates. This admits hauling several diff
ferent classes of hogs and also pre-
vent the animals from piling up on
each other in transit, a difficulty so
frequently encountered and sometimes
"A source of loss. You a put on as
many hogs as you can haul. There is
no danger nor particular difficulty.
The ordinary loading chute is used
Farm and Home.
, 1917-06-21
SUPPLY OF MEAT Is
OF BIG IMPORTANCE
Farmer Should Make Live Stock
Production Patriotic Service
as Well as Duty.

The present scarcity of meat pro-
ducing animals, together with the
gravity of the war situation and the
consequent problem of the nations
food supply, make live stock produc-
ton an enterprise of great financial
opportunity as well as a patriotic serv-
ice and duty.
A state of war exists between this
country and Germany at this time.
and it is well for the nation to realize
that the results of the war may be de-
pendent upon the supply of food which
is available for our armies and u
population. The meat SUNNY IL n mat
, 1917-06-21

beer ~pollenized, with the same mix
ture as for the first spray. This spray
is for apple scab, codling moth and
curcullo.
The third summer spray should be
applied about two weeks after the sec
ond. This spray is also for the con-
troll of apple scab, and any codling
moth or curculio that may still be
working on the fruit. If the owners
of apple orchards in Illinois will fol-
low out the methods of spraying, use
the materials mentioned, apply them
thoroughly and at the proper time,
they will have little difficulty in rails
ing fruit free from fungus spots or
insect injuries.
, 1917-06-21
HANDLING STOCK MADE EASY
Big Crate Built OF Flat Rack Enables
Farmer to Haul Animals With
out Fear of Injury.

The accompanying illustration
shows a hog rack devised by an in
genious Illinois farmer and in success
full use on his big farm. After sew
eral years experience with it he main
tains it is the best thing of its kind
he ever saw.
1t simply is big hog crate built
on a fiat rack. The framework is laid
, 1917-06-21

pocketless coats and others with The
widened hip effect. Serge suits are
almost always very plain.
The summary suit pictured is OF
chiffon taffeta in an indlstinct check.
The coat Is the usual length, but
makes "A new departure by Its turned
back fronts, trimmed into heightened
points at the bottom. The skirt Is
set onto a short yoke and has q slight
drapery or fullness at the hips.
Light gray and oyster she'll white
are shown among the smartest jersey
and silk suits. A c~ool-looking model
Is of oyster white tussah bordered
with a narrow band In black n
white check. The checks ere large,
and a single line of them finishes the
edges of the coat and the sleeves
They are not extended abou! the bot
tom of the coat, but cover b revers'
, 1917-06-21
ORCHARD IS FARM NECESSITY
Place Without Fruit Trees Is Not Con-
sidered Charming Site for Home
for Family.

A farm without an orchard cannot
be considered a very charming place
on which TO make u home and bring
up a family. There ought to be an
orchard, even If but a small one, on
every farm; and not only apples, but
other fruits should be grown, because,
even If not grown extensively enough
to market, they add wonderfully to
the comfort and enjoyment of the fam
lily.
, 1917-06-21
CLASSES OF FRUIT GROWERS
One Is Man Who Depends for His Liv-
ing on Fruit He Grows-others
Are Indifferent.

There are three classes Of fruit
growers: 1, the man who depends for
his living on the fruit he grows 2, the
man who has n few trees in some out
of-the-way place and who takes what
the trees produce and is thankful for
1t; and 8, the careless farmer who con-
siders n fruit tree nothing more than
0ny other tree.
, 1917-06-21
TRIM HORSES HOOP EVENLY
Best instrument for This Purpose Is
Rasp-keep Hoof oiled IL It Has
Tendency to Crack.

A horse is just as good as his feet,
and these should be given special at
tention; the hoof bears the same re-
lation to the horse that the fingernail
does to man, in the matter of care,
and should be kept trimmed evenly.
The best instrument for this purpose
Is the rasp. If the hoof has a ten
dency to crack 1t should be kept
oiled.
, 1917-06-21
WATER SUPPLY IN PASTURES
Nothing But Absolute Starvation
Pulls Animals Down in Condition
Faster Than Thirst.

Look to the water supply in the
pasture and see that no animal suf-
fers for want of 1t. Nothing but alb
solute starvation pulls them down in
condition faster than thirst. In the
very hottest and dryest weather
horses get little good in the field I'M
less they have thickets and woods
to stand in, to get away from flies.
, 1917-06-21
EARLY VARIETIES OF BEANS
Leviathan Pole Lima Succeeds Where
Others Faii-Rely on Wax and
Green-Podded Classes

Early Leviathan pole lima bean sue
ceeds where the late varieties fail.
But don't plant limas unless soil and
climatic conditions are favorable. 1t
win be safe to rely on the standard
bush varieties of the wax and green.
nodded clRSsas
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
OtR FLAG.
(Oririn:,l.l


Our nag, the American nag OF tho
red. white and blue" is believed TO
have been founded by n young woma n
who kept an upholstery shop on, Arch
Street I'm Philadelphia. She was neither
rich nor important. and her patriotic
soul little thought az she scwcd away
on tho bright colors that IL would be
hmerica's dearest possession. \ year
after this II was adopted by Congress.
After Bctsey Ross had given IL 10 the
public il was cspicd b. a local artist.
Her old home in Philadelphia is KEEP,
as memorial 20 her and is used as a
great historical place
Each color has a meaning. The red
stands for the blood. so freely shed by
our soldiers The white intcrprets
purcncss. The blue marks truthful
ness.
In every true American home to day
the three colors noat as protecting
wave to show that "" agree with our
President and promise 10 follow any
Whenever our flag is brought to view
patriotism. OF love 10 our country. How
proud We should he OF America. citi-
zcns OF an honora country, The
forty-ciEht stars mean that there are
that many prosperous States of TO -da V
in the union. The thirteen stripes
show that AT first we had only thir-
teen colonies. Now as var draws near
We should be glad that We arc pro-
'ectsd by tho best President who ever
sat In tho chair, and the three colors.
Long may they wave o'cr the land o.
the free and the home OF tho brave"
POCAHONTAS WIGHT
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06

| When the colonies were founded each
adopted different flag and the army
and navy at first displayed different
flags.
1t is supposed that the first Amer
imam naG, a Union flag bearing thir-
teen alternate red and white stripes.
was presented TO the Philadelphia
Light Horse by Abraham Markoe,
! probably i'm 17I5.
The colonial flag was first raised at
Cambridge. January ], l77G. II was
composed of thirteen alternate red
and white stripes with an English
Union in the corner.
Congress passed a resolution June
| Il, lT11, that the United States nag
he thirteen red and White stripes,
that the union be thirteen stars on a
blue field. This resolution was NOT
passed over the signature OF the sec
rotary of Congress until September 3.
| 1t was now about a year after the
! States had been declared free and in
dependent. Probably the first real
display of the national flag was at
I Fort Schuyler, New York. The fort
was bescged carly In August. i777.
and the garrison having no flag. made
one according to the prescription OF
Congress. II was made OF sheets. bits
| OF scarlet cloth and an old waiStcoat
and was unfurlcd over the fort August
=. l177.
Soma people claim that the first dis
play Of the new flag was ut the battle
on the banks of the Brandywine. Sep
tcmhcr II, l7'7, soon after its adoption
John Paul Jones, who had been
given command of the Ranger on June
II. lI.1, is claimed TO be the first TO
display the American flag on naval
vessel
Tradition has 1t that Elizabeth Ross.
called Betsy. made the first flag She
was born in Philadelphia. January l.
1852. daughter OF Samuel Griscom.
noted builder Of prc-revolutionary
days. who constructed the greater part
of the state House, now Independence
Hall. in that city. She married John
Ross and after his death she took up
his business and later engaged in
making flags. George Washington. Col
George Ross and Robert Morris in tho
later part of May, 1875, Went to her
house to get her to make, the Gag.
An act of Congress on the admission
Of Vermont and kentucky TO the
Union changed the flag by adding two
stars and two stripes. making fifteen
in all No change after this was made
in the flag until 1918 Then as there
were twenty states. Samuel C. Reid
was appointed by a committee to
change the flag. This he did by re-
tanning the original thirteen stripes
and adding star for each new State
on its admission to the Union. rhIs
has been the design Of our flag ever
since
The United States nag now bears
forty eight stars representing the
number OF states in the Union
The Americans have carried the nac
TO victory through five different wars
the Revolution. the War of 1872 Mex
lean War. Civil War and Spanish Amer
lean war. Wherever displayed our
flag is honored. The sun never sets
OF the Stars and Stripes, for we now
have possessions in all parts Of the
2 Globe.
Tho Americans have adopted a GER
tain pledge TO the flag declaring their
allegiance to the Nation.
81 pledge allegiance to nv fac and
/ TO the republic for which it stands, one
nation. indivsiblc. with liberty and
Justice for all"
ELIZABETH EUBANKS
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
THE AMERICAN FLAG.

Here comes the flag!
Hail Columbia, happy land.
Hail &c heroes iicaven-horn band.
Three cheers for the Red White and
Eluc'
Give our flag hurrahS-
Three for the stars.
Three for the bars,
The soldiers who tread TO II
Shout at the sight OF il.
Columbia, the gem OF the ocean,
lis the home OF brave and the free.
Three cheers for our Tag
cheers for the soldiers who fought on
the waves for il.
Cheers for the soldiers that always
were brave for il
Tears for the men that went down TO
the grave for it:
Tears for the women and children who
were left alone
Three cheers for our haE!
IDA ELIZABETH WILLIAMS.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
For TIE. FLAG.

IF I only knew where the enemv's
army is. we might win freedom" said
the general OF the army.
He knew they were close To where
lie was, but he didn't know in what
direciiop they were. Ii he only could
conquer them before they could &c,
rc-euforccmcnts,
II will find out. sir" said Young
boy who was rather poor
In minute he was climbing up a
tall tree.
Come down. son" the leader OF the
army fairly shouted
lie reached the top through bullets
and surveyed the land with his eyes
"On the west" he said IL see an army
OF few soldiers. and on the east I
sec Il little chapel, peaceful and quiet.
y body landed on tho ground directly
under the tree. II was the boy. The
general rushed to him and found him
dying from IL wound in his chest oh,
my son. why did YOU climb the tree ~
The youth raised his arms in the air
and. with dying words. said. For the
nag"
Tho soldiers arc marching on. \ nag
is wrapped around cold figure under
pine tree.
Composed by
JOHN c. GREEN
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
Drawn by Jennings L.. Hunt.
nlIt FLAG.

oh. raise the Stars and Stripes on high
For every ono that passes by,
quickly the Stars ana stripes unfold,
For our flag is never old
our Nag is hes, in all the land,
Md for 1t I'll always stand.
Is this flag your pride and joy
Man. woman. girl aud hoy
Is II not tho best OF alir
OF would YOU like to see i, fan"
Nay, nay. surely hear YOU CRY.
For that dear flag Id i've or die"
Have YOU not a song down in your
hear,
About our flag YOU can impart?
Oh, no; you're not ashamed to tell.
For everybody knows 1t well.
II is The Star-Spanglcd Banner true
For tho loyal hearts Of the Red. White
and Blue.
oh bring this lovely nag 10 me-
It's stars and stripes want to sec.
There are fortY-cisht stars and thir-
teen stripes
seven rcd and six white
oh. raise ii higher higher still.
.Nnd let il wave al its own free will,
FRANCES RECTOR.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
UNITED STATES FLAG.

Perhaps YOU have heard about the
United states flag. but maybe | can
;cll you a little more. II has forty
eight stars. and that is for the forty
eight States. think il is n very
pretty f'ag, and always viii keep
true 10 it. Tho United States flag is
respected among tho nations. Flags
are everywhere now because they want
the people TO keep true to 1t. think
it is mighty bad for the men TO 20 TO
war and get shot down. hut they Will
have to go and Eight for their country.
as il is their duty tn help along as
much as they can have seen lots Of
flags, but tho United states flag Is the
1rct,icsr The United states flag is
one Of the oldest flags
EDlTW COCKE.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
OUR FLAG.

The Stars and Stripes we love to see
In whatever land we may be.
Our flag still stands stcadfast and true.
The beautiful iag-the Red, White and
Blue.
In the time of strife, the time Of war.
II encourages our soldiers near and far
To fight and die upon the held Of strife
And pay for liberty with their life.
Our first flag was made by Betsy Ross.
And without il we should be at loss
To find an emblem just as great
To serve and follow our country's fate.
The flag at Valley Forge waved high,
Loomed against the dark gray sky.
Encouraged the soldiers one and all
That our nation must never fall.
Blue is for devotion and white for
purity:
We follow our flag with very great
surety.
Red Is for bravery: our fathers died
For the flag and our country's pride.
Now cheer the flag. we patriots. no.
On TO victory our banner must go:
The Stars and Stripes forever must
wave
Der the land OF the free and the home
of the brave.
RUSSELL wooTnN.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
Editorial and Literary
Department
TmE rLAs: CONTEST ar LAST.

MY Dear Girls and Eoys.---Isn't IL
oeautiiui: do believe we have never
had anything half SO inspiring. and I
hon't Know how to toll you how proud
IN" paper Is OF your Flag Contest"
Don't he worried If your contribution
Is not on The page this Sunday. II viii
hc next. for We shall run two pages
for this contest. too. l don't know how
to decide on the prize, winner. feel
like giving everybody "a prize. IL such
thing were only possible. But II is
really one of the best that YOU have
ever had Tell me what you think
OF It. YOUR EDITOR.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
Orr FLAG.

our beautiful banner, with ity stars
and stripes.
We salute thee every morn in the
dawn's early light.
It is composed Of tho cooirs rcd. white
and blue.
Forty-eiGh, bright stars in its field Of
azure blue.
Each broad stripe and bright star has
story 10 toll
or country We ali love so we'll:
Red is for courage. white is FOR sweet
purity and blue is for truth.
II tells Of united country with it's
red. white and blue
This proud emblem OF our country VIC
trust 10
our gallant soldiers so true.
Wherever it may roam. may it return
covered with glory,
Md may We repeat the old story:
Long may il wave
Dcy the land of tho free and tho home
of the brave
ELSIE RupD
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-06
OUR FLAG.

Our flag has thirteen stripes and
forty eight stars. The thirteen stripes
represent the thirteen original colonies
and forty eight stars for the number
OF States In the United States. At first
our nag had n stripe added for every
State. but. finding this would make
the stripes too thin, they went back
TO thirteen stripes. Every time State
enters. star Is added. At first the
stars were arranged in the form Of "a
rims. and then as large star. But
so many States were added that they
were lastly arranged In rows. Betsy
Ross made the first flag.
EDNA JAY.