davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
TaÌˆgliches Cincinnatier volksblatt. [volume] (Cincinnati [Ohio]) 1885-1919, 1917-05-10

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Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
| All Farm Timber. Should De 8
@Iroated With prg5ervatno2

might prevent decay by keeping out
the water; but this would be difficult
to accomplish as well as being too
expensive.
Posts have sometimes been dipped
in thin cement and allowed to dry,
leaving a coat of cement over the sur
face of the wood. Such coating will
not keep out, water and is easily
cracked or broken off. GOOD results
cannot be expected from this treat
ment.
Only sound wood is fit for treat
ment. If decay has made start, 1T
is not always entirely stopped by the
treatment, but may continue beneath
the treated wood until the interior of
the post is destroyed. The first thing
to consider, then, is the selection and
preparation of the timber.
All timber should be peeled and
thoroughly seasoned before the pre-
servative is applied. In peeling posts
of pine, cedar, and other coniferous
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

Their presence generally means that
decay has made considerable progress
in the wood.
The four requirements for the
growth of fungi are moisture, air, a
favorable temperature, and food.
A damp condition of the wood is
probably the most favorable to decay
Wood can be either so wet or so dry
that the fungi cannot live in it. When
submerged in water it has been known
to last hundreds of years, and in per-
fectly dry situations it will often last
indefinitely. Wood in contact with
damp ground usually contains the
right amount of moisture for the de-
velopment of decay. Also, where tim
her is in contact with wood or otheS
material, water frequently collects in
the points and keeps the wood moist
for long periods of time, thus favoring
decay at these points. Familiar exam
piles of this are decay in the tops of
posts in board fences, in the joints of
various kinds of buildings, in porch
columns, in sills resting on wood or
stone piers and in lumber piles.
There are very few places where the
fungus cannot get air enough for ITS
seeds. When wood is buried deep IN
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

TNHE amount of wood used on the
farms of the country and exposed
to decay is very great. The total
is difficult to estimate, but it un-
dOubtedly amounts to several billion
feet. This wood is used in various
forms, such as fence posts, building
foundations, windmill frames, shingles,
telephone poles, silos, etc. For such
uses durability is usually the chief re-
Quisite.
Some woods resist decay more than
Others. A post of one kind of wood
may last ten years or more, while one
OF another kind may last only two
years under the same conditions.
There is also a great difference in the
durability of wood Of the same species
CnGer different conditions. In very
wet or very dry situation post will
last longer than in situation where
the ground is simply damp. 1t will
JaSt better IN a compact clayey soil
than in loose sandy soil. A warm,
moist climate is more favorable to de-
cay than dry one, or one that has
long, cold winters.
Naturally durable woods are con-
tinually growing scarcer and higher
priced in most localities, and less DUR
able woods must be used in their
stead. Many of these woods in their
natural condition will last only two or
three years in situations favorable to
decay. 1t will readily be seen, there
fore, that any reasonably cheap meth
cd of increasing their life will effect
a material saving to the user.
For number of years the forest
service has been conducting expert
ments on the preservative treatment
of fence posts, poles, and other forms
of timber exposed to decay. These
experiments have been made in CO.
operation with agricultural experiment
stations, farmers, and various COM
panies, and also upon the national for
ests. They have proved conclusively
that when a suitable preservative
treatment is given the resistance of
wood to decay can be very much in
creased.
Decay is not due to the chemical ac-
ton of the soil or to the fermentation
of the sap, but is the result of the
action Of certain low forms of plant
life called fungi. These consist, for
the most part, of very fine threadlike
filaments, collectively called mycelium,
which penetrate the wood in all di-
rections. Certain substances in the
wood constitute the food Of the fungi.
AS these substances are dissolved the.
structure is broken down, until the
wood reaches the condition commonly
known as rotten.
The mycelium usually grows out to
the surface to form compact masses
called fruiting bodies. Since there are
many kinds of fungi, there are many
kinds of fruiting bodies. The various
forms of 'toadstools," "punks," "brack-
cts" or "dog ears" which are so fire.
f7uently found growing on trees and
dead wood, are examples of these.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
'CASCARETS' ACT
ON LIVER; BOWELS
No sick headache, biIiousness,
bad taste or constipation
by morning.
Get a 1O-cent box.


Are you keeping your bowels, liver,
and stomach clean. pure and fresh
with Cascarets, or merely forcing a
passageway every few days with
Salts, Cathartic Pills, Castor Oil or
Purgative Waters?
Stop having a bowel wash-day. Let
Cascarets thoroughly cleanse and reg
ulate the stomach, remove the sour
and fermenting food and foul gases,
take the excess bile from the liver
and carry out of the system all the
constipated waste matter and poisons
in the bowels.
IA Cascaret tonight will make you
feel great by morning. They work
while you sleep-never grippe. sicken
or cause any Inconvenience, and cost
only 10 cents a box from your store.
Millions of men and women take a
Cascaret now and then and never
have Headache, Biliousness, Coated
Tongue, Indigestion, Sour Stomach or
Constipation. Adv.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

Experimental Outfit Heated by Steam.
woods, ecare should be taken to re-
move the thin inner bark from the
part of the post that is to be treated
Even small patches of this bark often
prevent penetration by the preserva-
tive.
In order to obtain the best ABSORB
ton and penetration of preservative
the posts must be seasoned. The
water and sap must come out of the
wood to make room for the preserva-
tive to go in. Furthermore, wood
treated green is likely to check open
after treatment, exposing untreated
wood Seasoned wood which has been
wet by recent rains is not in good
condition to treat.
The best place for rapid seasoning
is an exposed location on high ground.
On damp or low ground or near a
stream seasoning will take place much
more slowly, and the wood will never
get quite so dry. If properly piled in
good location, posts will usually sea-
son sufficiently for treatment in from
60 to 90 days Of good seasoning
weather. In exceptional cases they
have been known to season in a
month.
It is sometimes difficult to determine
from it's appearance whether timber is
sufficiently seasoned or not. BY weigh
ing a few representative posts at regu-
lar intervals it is possible to determine
the degree Of seasoning very closely.
When an ordinary sized post properly
piled for seasoning does not lose more
than pound or two in weight during
week of good seasoning weather 1t
may be considered dry enough to treat.
Some woods, such as oak and chest
nut, check very badly when dried too
rapidly. 1t is wen,' if possible, to cut
and peel such timber in the fall or
winter, SO that by the time warm
weather comes it will be partially sea-
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
Method Of PiIing Posts to Season.

secured. Creosotes containing high
percentage of oils which boil at a low
temperature are not suitable for
use on the farm as those which con-
tain a lower percentage of these oils,
because considerable portion may
evaporate and be lost during treat
ment In some cases as much as one
fifth of the oil used has been lost IN
this way. This loss of oil by evapora-
ton may be largely offset, however, by
the lower price at (which the low-boil-
ing creosotes may usually be obtained.
Tar is not good preseryative for
farm use; and, in general, good results
have not been obtained with it when
applied by methods that are practic-
able on the farm. It's chief defect is
that it does not penetrate the wood
readily, Coa1-tar and Water-gas tar
are also much less poisonous to the
organisms which cause decay than is
coal-tar creosote.
Crude oil is not sufficiently poison
Gus for a wood preservative. If the
wood can be thoroughly saturated
with it, water may be kept out and
decay prevented; but it is very diff
cult, if not impossible, to get enough
oil into most woods by processes
which are practicable on the farm.
For treating Ky the brush method
crude oil is entirely unsatisfactory.
Good results cannot, in general, be
expected from paint, linseed oil, or
whitewash when used on fence posts
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
By
GEO.M.HUNT
Chemist
in Forest
Products.
H7Hergfhe Turner has nat the mems o. heat1ng
his oz0umaterza/e6IczentLy, Aec0n ar7unge 7o1f6 ]
0fher turner's to do tie zcork c0-oberuhUey i

the use of stones in this way has
seemed to favor decay rather than re-
tard it, because the post is allowed to
dry out partially between wet spells.
1t would be better to keep it con-
stantly wet.
In dry, sandy regions posts are
sometimes very badly cut by drifting
sand being blown against the wood.
This effect is sometimes called burn
ing" PiIng stones around such posts
would, no doubt, be effective in pre-
venting the sand-cutting. 1t is doubt
full, however, if results obtained by the
use Of stones for the sole purpose OF
preventing decay will justify the labor
involved.
Setting posts in concrete may have
a beneficial effect in some cases. 1t
moisture shoule reach the post, how
ever, it may be held there by the
concrete and cause decay to proceed
more rapidly. This is an expensive
method Of setting posts and cannot
be depended upon to aprevent decay.
ProIongng The Life of Posts by Means
of Personalities.
There are five chief requirements
for preservative for general uses It
should be reasonably cheap should
penetrate wood readily, should not be
corrosive to metal, should not evapo-
rate or wash out of the wood easily,
and should be poisonous to fungi.
For special purposes there are, Of
course, additional requirements.
Coal-tar creosote, which is brown
ish-black heavy oil, practically insol1
uble in water, is in general use for
preserving fence posts and other farm
timbers. Satisfactory penetrations of
many species of wood can be secured
with it and excellent results have
ben obtained by it's use. 1t is con-
sidered one of the most efficient pre-
servatives against decay so far de-
velOped for farm timbers exposed to
the weather. 1t may also be used for
inside work wherever its color, Odor,
and other properties are not objec-
tionabIe.
COal-tar creOSOteS vary considerably
| in quality; but satisfactory results may
be obtained from any good grade, pro-
vided sufficient amount is put into
the wood and good penetration is
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
Seasoning Against a Stump.

or other timbers in contact with the
ground. They do not penetrate the
wood deeply, and the only way they
can prevent decay is by preventing the
entrance of fungi or moisture into the
wood. Furthermore, the wood is sell
dom painted on all sides; sot it is
usually possible for fungus to enter
through an implanted part. When
ever the painted film cracks or peels
off, decay can also enter. It is quite
common to see wood decaying be-
meath coat of paint. If the wood
were saturated with linseed oil it
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

Creosote Heater for Brush Treating.
soned. Woods like pines, frs, etc., are
usually not affected so seriously as the
oaks by rapid seasoning.
The posts should be open piled, so
that the air will circulate freely
around each one The bottom of the
pile should be raised 6 inches or a
foot from the ground. If the ground
is dry, the posts can be seasoned
where they are cut by laying them
upon rocks or brush, or keeping them
off the ground in any other way. Posts
should never be piled in close piles or
allowed to lie on the ground ; for under
such conditions they will frequently
start to decay before they are sea-
soned.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
FOR EARLY SPRING PASTURES
Rye Is Excellent as Green Manure AM
Thriyes on Acid Soils Where
Wheat Is Failure.

RYE will thrive on acid or poor soils
where wheat will not grow well and
NAV be planted on any soil later than
wheat. 1t makes one of the earliest
spring pastures and is excellent as a
green manure.
These characteristics make rye an
important factor in farm economy.
even in sections where it's yield of
grain is not as profitable as that OF
wheat.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
ACTRESS TELLs sEcRET.

A well known actress gives the follow
ing recipe for gray hair: To half pint Of
water add / OF. Bay Rum, a small box OF
Barbo Compound, and II OF. of glycerine.
Any druggist can put this up or you car
mix it at home at very little cost. Full
directions for making and use come in
each box of Barbo Compound. 1t will
gradually darken streaked, faded gray
hair, and make it soft and glossy. 1t will
mot color the scalp, is not sticky or
greasy, and Goes not rub off. Adv.
Pure iron rusts little.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

the ground, especially in compact or
clayey soil, it tends to become satu-
rated with moisture, so that decay is
prevented; but within two or three
feet of the surface of the ground there
is usually enough air for the growth
of the fungus. Conditions are most
favorable, of course, just at the sur
face of the ground; and it will be not
ed that the point of greatest decay in
a fence post is usually near the ground
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
Treating Plant Made From Two Oil
Drums, Showing Method of Con-
structing False Bottom.

line. Above the ground line moisture
conditions are usually unfavorable,
and below the ground line the air sup
ply is less favorable for the develop
ment of decay. In loose or sandy soils,
however, which under good drainage
contain more air than compact soils,
decay may extend to the bottom of the
post.
Notwithstanding fungi cannot grow
at very high or very low temperatures !;
but there are few, if any, climates in
which the temperature during at least
part of the year is not favorable to
their growth.
The wood itself supplies the fourth
food, In order to prevent decay, it is
necessary to deprive the fungus of one
or more of these four requirements.
It is out of the question in ordinary
situations to deprive it of air and
warmth; and though moisture can
sometimes be eliminated to a certain
extent, this cannot be done when the
wood is exposed to the weather. In
general, therefore, the most effective
method of preventing decay is to pois-
on the food supply, and upon this
principle is based the use of most sue
cessful wood preservatives.
ProIonging the Life of Posts Without
the Use of Personalities.
Posts which are to be set without
preservative treatment should always
be peeled. The presence Of loose bark
allows moisture to collect, and thus
makes conditions favorable for decay.
1t also harbors wood-boring insects,
which, by boring tunnels, may both
seriously weaken the post and make
conditions more favorable for rapid
decay by affording easy access to
fungi.
The general impression has been
that seasoning wood makes it more
durable In a number of experiments
made by the forest service on poles
and ties, however, green WOod mas
been found as durable as seasoned
wood. It is questionable, therefore, II
it pays to season posts simply to IN
crease their durability. If the posts
are to be used in moist locations, the
seasoned wood can quickly take up
moisture and in a comparatively short
time reach the condition of green
wood. In any case, the seasoned
posts will in time reach approximately
the same condition as unseasoned
posts under the same conditions.
In order to be of any value season
ing must be properly done, and the
posts must not be held so long that
decay begins before they are set.
Posts should never be left close-plled
for any length of time.
In some cases charring has ap-
reared to give good results; in others
however, it has failed to give any
appreciate protection, and it cannot
be- relied upon.
Piling stones around the base OF the
post has sometimes been resorted to.
This tends to keep back the weeds and
allow the air to circulate freely
around the post. In some climates
however, where the ground is wet our
ing a considerable portion of the year.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

DR.. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets are the orig
inal little liver pills put up 40 years ago.
Thew regulate liver and bowels.-Adv.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26
Coal miners in Georgia have re-
ceived 10 per cent increase in pay.

and heals burning, itching and torturing
skin diseases It instantly stops the pain
Of burns. Heals without scars. Csc and
soc by druggists For free sample write
to The j. w. Cole Co., Rockford, Ill.-Adv.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

China yearly imports $4,000,0OO
worth of various kinds of leather.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

Rat fieas carry plague germs.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

One lighted gas jet consumes as
much oxygen as five adult persons.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1917-01-26

Banana blossoms are purple.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-08-10
SET HOLIDAY SEPT. g
Celebrate Entertainment of Draft Lev
ies-NIay Not Exempt Married Men.

Washington, Aug. 10.-A national
holiday may be declared on September
in celebration of the entrainment
of the draft levies for the training
environments.
No step to this end has been made
as yet, but officials at the provost
marshal generals office regard it as a
probable result of the simultaneous
movement of the selected men from
all over the country.
Conferences were in progress today
with railway officials on details of the
mobilization. Transportation lines
face the problem of collecting the
first 100000 men from 1870 districts,
providing them with sleeping car ac-
comm ida lions where necessary, and
providing stops at points where the
soldiers can be fed well and quickly.
Provost Marshal General CroWder
laid additional stress today on his
statement to local boards that it might
become necessary to narrow the eX-
emptions of married men or others
with dependent relatives. The draft
law did not exclude any such from
military service but merely authorized
the president to grant such discharges
where circumstances made it appear
advisable. The effect of General
Crowder's caution to the local boards
is to make possible a reopening of
every case where a registered man
has already been held discharged by
reason of those dependent on him.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-08-10
GAGE SUNDAY MUSIC
Well known Baritone To Be Feature
of FeItenstein Symphony.

I. Feltenstein, director of the To-
peka Symphony which will give a
program of merit at Cages park Sun
day. has obtained the services of H.
H. Raymond. formerly primal baritone
with the 'Bostonians'' and soloist with
the Boston symphony. He is a pupil
of the celebrated Camparini, leading
baritone with the Metropolitan Opera
company. In speaking of his teachers
he says: "Camparini when l first
met him was chellist with the Bos-
ton Symphony under Arthur Nillish.
At that time he was about SO years
old and had just discovered that he
had a voice. He studied about one
year in Boston and I was fortunate
enough to be his pupil at that time.
One afternoon he showed me a tele-
gram from the Metropolitan manage
ment in New York asking him to
come Immediately as their leading
baritone could not appear, He jumped
that afternoon from $40 a week to
1900 a night, and I never met him
again until 1 had been engaged by the
Bostonians and we were singing that
winter in New York.
The program Sunday follows:
Afternoon, to ).
w Viii rf Henrts:wailtz $. Aaronso Sn
Barber of Saville-Overture. 49,. Rossini
Observation-Disclosures .--....F. Peters
INTERMISSION.
Jolly Copper Smith-March. .......V. Peter
The Beautiful Girls of Valencia
Spanish sd1o Wai nec,ed Moreno r;teno
DR.. II. II. RAYMOND
/ Suite de Ballet, Arabian Nights q parts)
li.,i it4,
Evening, to 10.
La Regiment de Sembre-et- Meuse-
Vision of Salome-Orientale Waltz. Joyce
William Tell-Overture. ..-......-. Rossini
Day in Venice-Suite in parts. T.. Nevin
Buttercups and Daisies-Gavotte..
Observation-Disclosures Van Alsytne
INTERMiSSION.
Z Chanson Joyeuse. --.-.....-..-...H IT. Ravina
Vocal soIo-Selected. ..--..-.. Baritone
DIR. H H. Raymond
Scarf Dance and Aid de Ballet .Chaminade
High dissatisfaction. -....-.....R. Friml
Poor Butterfly (reQuest( ....A HubbelI
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1917-08-10
CORNER IN TOMATOES
Three Packing Interests in Deal TO
Buy Up Entire Crop, Is Report.

Washington, Aug. 1O.-Evidence of
a conspiracy among large packing in
terests to corner the entire tomato
output of the Pacific coast has been
discovered, it was said today at the
offices of the federal trade commits
sion.
The commissions investigators in
California reported today that three
large canning concerns are involved
Armour & Co, Norris & Co. and Lib
by-McNeil & Libby. Three companies,
they declared, have attempted to pur-
chase the entire California tomato
crop from local Gamers and prices
consequently are jumping.
Greetings! SIT Hog Arrives.
East St. Louis. Ill, Aug. 1O.-Good
to heavy hogs sold at II cents a pound
here this morning. new high record
for the yards.