El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1917-07-21

son. i'm order that the latter may b
used IN the way aDOFe descrl PED me
y0isou. when injected into the horses
causes the animals body cells 10 SET
to work at manufacturing an anti
poison for protective purposes It's
blood soon becomes heavily charged
with this anti poison, which Is what
gives TO the serum its virtue.
The horse is the standby for max
ful- all kinds of -serums" Though
other animals would serve the pur-
pDseI because ii is easily controlled
and. being Of large size. yields pien-
tiful quantities OF aiood- II % m
duced. i'm exactly the same way 20
furnish the preventives cor cures)
for pneumonia diphthsria and cere-
bro spinal fever. the only difference
being in the species Of disease germs
employed
When bloed-say. a quart % It's
drawn from the patient, II IS allowed
ru sta1d for p while and settle At
the end IF - hours all Of the red
crrpuscles (Which are relatively
heavy VIII have fallen TO the bot
tom Of the glass receptacle contain
ing the fluid. the nearly colorless
wate-y part cor serum lying on top
This waterv petition Is then carefully
decanred- SO AS To- separate 10 from
the red stuff and. after being ster-
i,ized, it IS put Up into little IRE
An the physician has 10 do is to
pinch off the TOP OF the bottle. iii
his hypOdermic syringe with rhs
contents. and squirt the latter INTO
the man. For military use. however,
the bottles are made big enough TO
hold l. 10 p doses. which the army
or navy surgeon administers tn a
dozen OF two dozen men, one after
another The same economical meth
Cd is adopted in the putting Up OF
Vaccine
sG.-rr---vs EE-,rF-- u-fr.arF-raTv
NothiHs could be more simple than
the way iu which a serum" works
The anti poison IT, contains Is carried
by the blood 10 all parts Of the body
and opposes a formidable resistance
To germs OF the disease IL prevents
them from getting start and multi
plying, OF, Il they have already o.
tanned O. start, 10 antaEOnlzes their
further propagation
one easily perceiVes that a serum
is very different from Vaccine
The latter IA preparation Of killed
germs, which may even contain the
dead bodies OF the germs th6mselVe5l
causes the human body cells TO start
iu AT the business Of manufacturing
their own anti poison The ~racctne'
more properly called a "baCterin)
IS therefore an active lmmuuizer, the
serum is passive E., merely resist
ant
Smallpox Not Now a Menace.
Tn former days one Of the most
dreaded destroyers Of armies vas
smallpox At the present time il
could not get a start in a military
camp, thanks to vaccination The
Of the latter Though not
until recently uuderstOodl is the same
as that by which vaccination for ty-
oh0id operates COWpox is smallpox
in the COW When its germs are in
-roduced into the human system b.
they cause the body
aar 70 M NE . fa~rH
hostile to smallpox germs Having
Jnce acquired the ha1it. the cells 50
Pm making The anti poison for long
time. SO that a person in whom vac
,inatiou has taken" is immune 70
smallpox for many years
The great problem at present from
The point OF view OF the military sur
-aOus. is tEQhus. Il is a disease mat
depends for its distribution wholly
lpon the louise One Of these insects
iaying bitten a typhUs sufferer, be-
'omeS thereby itself infected, and
communicates the malady to other
'ersuns hy its bite.
Typhus Kills Many.
Tvphus. during the present war.
las killed hundreds Of thousands or
.e0ple. its worst ravages 10 date hav-
ne been in SerViS- As preventive,
he German troops are subjected at
intervals to chemical baths, and tneE
IothiuE is disiufectsd by steam Sim
he allied armies.
There is. unfortunately. no serum
r Vaccine for typhus because the
--m responsible Tor the malady mas
pt been found a bacteriologist OF
igh reputation now claims that he
as isolated it,, but satisfactory PROOF
lacking II he makes good his
lain. ne viii rank - one or the
reatest 5enefactors Of mankind.
When once the typhus germ Is $50
tted. IL can be artificiallv bred, and
sed for the production Of a -vacclne"
r a serum by the method already
ascribed And not long thereafter
his frightfulIy destructive malady
i'll become. like smallpox. an enemy
o longer 20 be seriously feared-at
n events in civilized regions
AT the .'bacteriu" factory in wash
.cton. il may be added. one vac
ne" for animals is being made and
Do u0 I'm great quantities for army
&c. IL is a specific for distemper in
1r=es