The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-08-01

stormed and captured Gorilla hither
to considered impregnable. BY Jan
uary 1 the Italians had captured 1 !.
200 square miles.
After winter Of artillery duols
Italy resumed her offensive on tn,
Carso front in the campaign towart
Trieste. Within month the Aus
trian lines were broken from Castag
navizza to the sea. Italy inflicted
losses Of $1,000 on the Austrians and
lost heavily herself. Austria hurrie1 !
reinfOrcements from the Russian
front.
In the Trentino the Italians took
the offensive in June and after ter.
rifle fighting captured the Austrian
positions on Monte Ortigs' an0
Agnello pass. These they wei .orcsd
to relinquish however. in the face OF
Austrian counter attacks.
In the Balkans the years military
development saw the occupation Of
Rumania by the Teutons-a gain OF
great economic value because Of the
oil and grain fields. The Rumaniap
army, reformed, is cooperating with
the Russians. and as the year ended
Is engaged in heavy offensive against
AustrO- G ermans. Turks and Bulga-
rians.
Bulgaria won successes of moderate
Importance. including the capture of
the Grecian port of Kavala.
The newly-equipped Serbian army
arrived at Saloniki in August and be-
gan an offensive which won Ostroyo.
on the road to Monastir. This often
sive. resumed in the spring with the
cooperation of Entente and venizelist
troops, won Monastir and Cerna.
In Greece the military moves of the
Entente forces included blockade of
Greece and temporary French occupa-
tion Of Athens.
A brilliant British campaign in
Mesopotamia accomplished the cap
ture of Kut-el-Amara in February;
and Of Bagdad. terminus of the Ber-
lin-to- Bagdad railway. in March. The
capture Of Bagdad had deep moral
effect In the Orient. particularly in
Arabia, where many natives revolted
from Turkish rule
Russians operating in Persia took
Hamadan: and further north, In
Turkish Armenia, Russians captured
Van. t$aa
In the Holy Land the British open
ed a now era In the history of the
East. Their advance has carried them
nearly to GAIA. Their objective is
Jerusalem. which the Turks were re.
ported in June to have partly evacu-
ated.
Except for submarine operations
naval writer's have found 3 lie to en-.
gage their attention during the pas!
year. ~
Germany continued to rely on "
boats This policy led to unrestricted
warfare which drew the United state:
into the conflict.
U-boats destroyed an estimated
gross tonnage of more than 1000, ,0OC
during the year. This included 2,o00,.
600 flying the British flag sunk from
February 25 to July 1.
Americas destroyer flotilla arrived
In British waters in May. Without the
loss of a ship or a man, American
warships conveyed the first Ameri.
can troops to France. Two submarine
attacks were made on the transports
At least one u-boat was sunk. Ameri.
can warships took over from British
and French vessels the patrol ol
American coasts. Brazil added hel
navy to ours in South American wa.
ters.
Cities from Bagdad to London have
been subjected to raids. notable at
,tacks being those by German Zeppe.
lins and airplanes on London. In fou,
attacks on England In May, June ant
July. PSI persons were killed and SO;
injured.