New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-11
Wars Won by Men
And Not by Guns,
Says Gen. Organ
Warns Reserve Officers
They Must Be Morally
and Physically Fit
New School Opened
Plattsburg Graduates at Camp
Wadsworth to Study Eight
Hours Daily
fS.ar Co-r~pond0noeI

Is.ar CorreSpondonoeI
CAMP WADsWORTH, SPARTAN
BURG, S. C.. Sept. lO.-That America
will fall short in the world war If she
depends too much OH the mechanical
products of her inventive genius ana
TOO little on the moral character and
physical fitness Of heT armies was the
warning sounded to-day before 200 re-
serve officers, graduates Of Plattsourg,
BY Major General John +. Organ.
The warning preceded stirring plea
10 the young officers 10 equip them
selves with the mental capacity TO
grasp the requirements OF the higner
command, the physical capacity TO ex-
ecute them, and mental state that
will result in a disciplined confidence
TO will success almost 20 the point OF
fanaticism."
General Organs address featured
the opening Of the new "post-graduate
school for reserve officers in Wohord
College. The Plattsburgers awaiting
commands here will hereafter devote
eight hours daily to the study OF com
pany administration, sanitation, the reg
ulation of the ration and otner suDJects
appertaining to the conduct OF a com
pany of troops. Their work VIII De d.
rected by staff officers.
WARS are not won with inanimatee
things; they are won by men" GENERA
O'Ryan began, and the listening re-
seryists rocked the roof of the Ola. IVY
clad college auditorium with theI,
cheers and applause. WARS are not
won with U-boats, aircraft, bombs, gas
and other weapons" he continued, cut
by men capable Of developing and I'M
proving such instruments for the &C
compl;shment Of their will, BY men pos
sessing trained dependability, dlsci-
plined initiative and the Spartan, spirit
10 will success, no matter what the OPP
position"
Explains Aim In Training
General Organ spoke on "The New
Training" and detailed tho purposes
aimed at in the training Of the owl
sion. The primal requisite, ne SAID
will be character and physical fitness.
Second. coordination of effort will be
sought, and. third, expertness OF me-
chanical and practical drill. Upon the
character and physique Of the indiYid-
ual soldier. he declared, depends the
morale of the army as whole. -.
"The second quality, coordination,
he continued. covers everything that
relates to team work, 10 the principle
governing applied discipline, the ser
vice of supply transportation and sanl-
tation and the harmonious esprit and
action of the auxiliary arms. These
principles are applied and made effect
i've through regulations and orders 20
insure team work in the fight and dur
ing the period Of preparation leading
70 the fight, as we'll as the period fol-
lowing it.
The third quality, expertness Of me
chanical and tactical skill, covers the
field of minor tactics, which includes
not only the manpuvres OF tactical
units and their sub divisions, but me.
chanical skill in the use of arms and
implements of war, such as the rifie,
the grenade bombs and gas"
General Organ deprecated the num-
Der Of new mechanical devices disable
in modern war. "There is certainly not
so much that Is new as is believed by
those who see in the use of gas, gre
made bombs, aircraft and systematic
friphtfulness a complete revolution in
the principles and methods governing
the conduct of war" he said. such
pergons confuse the ever changing de-
vices, implements and methods OF the
period with the man power Of the army,
it, training and development.
Man Power Most Important
"Weapors of warfare, no matter how
mechanically efficient they may be,
serve only as trophies 20 be captured
unless they are possessed and used BY
men who understand them, and, not
ttFfFh ~
domitable courage and tenacity Of pur-
nose. I am sure you hold no doubt that
an army composed of intelligent and fit
men. dominated by rigid discipline,
habituated to concerted action, with
eagerness for the fight born of justified
confidence in themselves, but with in
ferior weapons, would, nevertheless,
quickly overwhelm an equal force pos
sessing every appliance of modern war
fare. but lacking these martial man as
sets
"At the outbreak of the Franco-Prus-
sian war there was a widespread belief
that the superior fire Of the French
would annihilate the Germans before
their lines could reach assaulting dis
lance, but German man power at that
time was sufficient 70 more than Offset
their mechanical handicap, and the Ger
mans could not be stopped.
an 1914 Germany had the mechanical
agencies of war, the limit Of effective
ness. and also trained and developed
man power France, however, had
learned by the defeat Of 1870, just ns
Germany had prior to 1865 Therefore,
in 1914, France was ready, ready less
with her mechanical power than she
was with her man power, and she
stopped them at the Marine"
Preparations were completed to-day
for the reception Of the 7th infantry,
commanded by Colonel willard c. Fisk,
when il due here on Wednesday. An
other unit expected to arrive on that
day il the lst Battalion Signal Corps,
comprising the wire, wireless and out
post companies, commanded BY Major
Thalloren and totalling 450 men. The
18th Infantry. commanded by Colonel
Reginald L. Foster, is expected here
Thursday.