davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

organizations naturally looked to or
ganizations for the carrying out of the
work, and the initial session of the
committee was devoted to framing a
plan for bringing together in friendly
and efficient cooperation all of the
women's organizations in the country
now doing or desiring to do patriotic
work. To this end a temporary chair
man was chosen in each of the forty
eight states and the District of Colum-
bia. The duty of these chairmen was
to call together the presidents or other
representatives of all the important
organizations in each state to discuss
coordination of their efforts The in
vitation to participate in these con-
ferences was democratic and recogniz-
ed clubs. religious denominations. fra
ternal societies, philanthropic. patriotic
and protective societies of all sorts.
Each state division thus formed was
called upon to name and elect II per-
manen. chairman vice chairman,
and, If desired. honorary vice chair
man, a secretary and a treasurer. and
such other officers might be necea-
sary 1t was instructed to adopt such
rules or bylaws as it might find desir-
able for the conduct of it's business.
The general method Of organization for
a city or town was the some as that for
the state.
This group. with its committees in
counties. cities and towns, constitutes
the state division. and has become the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

dispenses with joy-ridng, a luxury with
no place in war time, and calls the
chauffeurS TO the Colors. still another
effective unit can be sent to France.
| do not mean to imply that one of
Americas principal jobs will be to re-
lease men now engaged in other tasks
for the firing line. but the whole eX
perience of the war has proved the
value of getting the right man on the
right job.
All this reorganization of war trans
port. and more especially that of the
railways. was made possible by the
genius of extraordinary man, who
rose to swift, sudden and sure fame
almost over night ] refer to Sir Eric
Geddes. who might well be called the
Lloyd George of the war transport.
His career is romantic as his SEN
SatIonal elevation TO emlnence.
When l first met Sir Eric he was dep
uty director general of munitions, hav-
istry that came result o; the
famous expose of England's shell snort
age by Lord Northcliffe. He was then
regarded as q very successful IA lroad
official. who had demonstrated ur usual
organizing powers.
Born in India of a Scotch fam ly, he
was intended for the army. t sew
enteen he ran away to america.
worked as a section hand the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad and after
Homestead. lie returned to India,
built a large railway through the
jungle and turned up in England in
subordinate capacity with the North
eastern railway BY sheer force and
ability he pounded his way to the top
and became general manager. He was
filing this post when the war broke
out and his help was Communicated
for munition supplies. Before six
months he was in charge of the great
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

shoes. haversacks. steel helmets, can
teens and even old rags. All this is
sent back to the bases. where it is sold
or converted into new stuff
I had the opportunity to inspect one
of these great salvage base depots in
France. 1t was revelation of recon
struction In one place l saw $4,000
pairs of old shoes, some removed from
dead soldiers. others sent back from
the living for repairs. / watched the
process. and / was amazed at the Won
ders accomplished. Shoes that at first
glance seemed absolutely unfit for re-
pair emerged in a few hours looking
absolutely new. l found out that the
soldiers in the field prefer these re-
paired shoes to new ones. because they
are much softer. having been put
through an oil process.
Nothing is wasted When it is inn
possible TO repair a shoe the upper
part is converted into boot laces
by an ingenious machine invented by
Dublin shoemaker who happened to
be attached to the army supply depart
ment
Equally successful is the reconstruc-
ton of uniforms and overcoats. At one
British base in France 1900 girls are
employed for this work alone. You see
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

glycerin required by the ministry of
munitions for the manufacture of pro-
pellant explosives. Special plants for
this purpose have been esta blished in
England and France. The results have
been SO satisfactory that others will
shortly be constructed.
The Importance of this process can
readily be understood when you know
that fat contains 10 per cent of refined
glycerin. Last year the army refuse
yielded 1000 tons of this glycerin.
which is sufficient to provide propellant
charges for exactly 12,500.000 eighteen
pound shells.
Incidentally. I might remark that this
glycerin is sold to the ministry of mu-
niitons at $3.50 per ton. whereas the
price, if bought in the United States.
would be approximately $1,000 Here is
species of salvage that indeed pays.
We in America will be saving our fats
soon.
In the field. as at home, economy has
become the great English watchword.
1t not only applies to men. but to food.
The only thing that is lavished with
prodigal hand is ammunition. and yet
every gunner is required to keep a rec
ord of the shells he eXpends
There is still another constructive
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

At present food conservation is the
slogan, and a recent bulletin which has
gone down the line from clearing
house 10 individual tells of new way
to save bread This bulletin contains
the following:
THE fact that this war is to he
fought on wheat as much as. If not more
than. on guns and men is becoming
clear to us all. The government is
studying the practical points Of saving
wheat without too largely disturbing
business. The Council OF National De-
Tense includes a commercial economy
board. 1t is the business of this board
to see where we can make useful econ
omies in the distribution of things.
Naturally. one of the first things to
which this board turned its attention
was wheat products. The board
undertook an investigation. IT is one
of the prettiest pieces of work that has
recently been turned out in Washing
ton. AS nearly as the board
can estimate. fully per cent of the
bread baked in this country is re-
turned by the retailers. This really
important saving can be effected only
if the women OF the country generally
back il up. The Eomens committee
asks the women OF the country lnlne-
diately TO begin to order bread for
twenty-four hours instead of for tenn
porary needs. 1t asks them to explain
carefully to their neighbors who may
not have been reached in any way the
reason for this request. Intelligent
women must everywhere back up the
akers and bread dealers in the mo-
return plan. If they will do this We
can save the u per cent that now goes
to pigs and chickens 1t will be put
ting this many loaves a day into the
hands of hungry women and children
and fighting soldiers, and will be one
element in that great task that
have before us of so handling the wheat
crops of the world that every man and
woman in all of the allied world will
have enough to eat in the long and
hard struggle before u.s.
The permanent headquarters OF the -.
women's committee were provided in a
spacious uptown building opposite the
British embassy. Formerly occupied
by the Playhouse, its owner, Mrs. Hen
rietta NJ Holiday, offered it rent free
to the government on the proclamation
of war, and ii was turned over to the
wcmans committee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

the khaki uniforms piled high. and they
seem to be a mountain of useless muddy.
tattered cloth Each garment is first
fumigated and then carefully inspected
/ have seen what appeared to be a tat
tered mass of holes emerge as per-
fectly good coat or waterproof
The same is true of rifles. big guns,
gun carriages bayonets and trench
tools. one day | saw an eighteen-pou
gun dragged i'll. The wheels were gone.
the barrel seemed smashed. Yet j was
told that a month later the gun emerged
good new.
The utilization of waste products is
another miracle of war salvage. Here
is extraordinary example Formerly
all scrap meat and other table refuse
in the great camps and depots Of the
armies were thrown into the swill tub
and sold for rdiculousiy small sum.
Equally often it was buried or burned
This refuse is now collected and sorted.
All the fats are assembled and sold to
soapmakers, who extract the crude
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

ing armies are in action in France. they
will receive many surprises, none more
striking. perhaps, than the realization
that war is not all waste. Carnage.
strange as il may seem, has a large
and useful by-product. The British
have learned to rescue it to degree
little less than amazing. II they can do
it, surely we. with our special ma
chinery adapted for this purpose, should
develop it even to a greater extent
Salvage seems very curious thing
to associate with monster destruction.
Yet it has very definite place in this
war. 1t vies with the traffic policeman
as one of the novelties that greet the
visitor making his first trip to the
front. Almost before the smoke of bat
tie has blown away, and even while the
dead lie unburied on the field. the SAL
wage Corps gets busy. 1t ransacks the
bloody and shell-torn field to collect
and haul away unused cartridge and
machine gun belts, uneNploded bombs.
old shell cases, damaged rifles, cast-off
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

other place where America, with her
standardized automobile output and
her wcll-nigh inexhaustible supply of
gasoline, can shine.
England has more than 100000 motor
trucks Cor lorries. as they are called)
in France, and she is constantly add
ing to the number. one reason for this
continual renewal is the growth of
armies and the need Of supplies. The
ether and more gruesome is that hun
dreds of these trucks are smashed by
shells or go into the scrap heap every
month. The average life of one of
these lorries that escape destruction
by shells is only three months. Hence.
Americas great production. pooled into
the general transport system OF the
war. will be an immense factor.
As in the case of the railway con-
struction, able-bodied soldiers are en-
ployed to drive the big army trucks.
If America follows Englands lead and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

Many of the members of the construc-
tion corps are trained railway builders
brought out by thousands from Canada.
The net result is that. no matter how
fast the shells fly the food and men and
supplies are brought up. Much of this
emergency transport is on what is
known as the light railway" which
corresponds to the American narrow
gauge" system. There railways are
used only at night.
Darkness in war time is very
friendly thing. Yet these trains are
often smashed to splinters by the dew
know pretty well when these trains
will come up.
Every line has an emergency renew
al squad whose job is 10 see that the
right of way is maintained. l have
seen whole sections of track blown up
by she'll explosion at 10 o'clock in
the morning. and two hours later /
have watched trains speeding over that
same section. These emergency men
are always on the job. and they risk
their lives as often and as gallantly
the soldiers i'll the front line trench
es and don't get decorated for IT, either.
The United States can supply a great
number OF skilled men for the mill
tary railways in France. They will
not only do their work in thorough
American fashion. but. what is equally
important, they will release the thou
sands of soldiers who have been drafted
from the fighting ranks for this work.
The railway, however, is only a de-
tail of the huge army transport The
motor is one of the greatest factors
in this war. Without il. the immense
magnitude of modern operations could
not have been achieved Here is an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

Economy will follow better co-ordina-
tion and direct distribution to ali divi-
sious of aIthoritative standards and
methods The headquarters of the
woman's committee of the Council OF
National Defense at Washington. L. C.,
will serve IS a clearing house of wom-
ems activities throughout the country
and be the agent to transmit promptly
any demands of the government which
may he net by wor9en's organizations.
Each community viii lie free to work
out the details according to its own
needs. following only the general plan
as outlined.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12
Gearing Americas Vast Industrial Machine to the

modities on the scale that 7 have just in
dictated. England naturally was compelled
TO revolutionize her industrial machine
This meant control of industries All pro-
duction had to he reorganized and put
under direct supervision of government
officials. The control began with the pur-
chase and distribution of raw material
and il now extends all through the vari-
Gus processes Of manufacture UP to the
finished article. The main object has
been to secure a larger output for mill
tary purposes at the cheapest cost.
With this complete reorganization of in
dustry has come another activity which
must inevitably become part of our own
national industrial life, and the sooner we
start il the better equipped we will be to
fulfil our obligations to the allies. |
mean the transfer Of boz: >!-ats and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

a household word in collegiate circles
and in clubdom. for she is a graduate
of Vassar College and has served as
a trustee of that institution She is
past president of the National Associa-
tion of Collegiate Alumnae and has
taken a prominent part in the higher
education OF women Allied with most
of the great national organizations Of
women. Mrs. Moore has served as nres.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

ident of the General Federation of
Women's Clubs and is now president
of the National Council of Women. an
organization comprising more than
seven million American women
Mrs. Josiah E. Cowles. as president
of the General Federation of Women's
To- three miIlion organized women of
this country. Miss Maude Wetmore
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12
BY ISAAC F. MARcossoN.

00 0HEN America went into the
MAN. war. the question asked
NH throughout the world was:
How can the United States
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12
help"


help"
Everybody began to discuss ways and
means. quite forgetful OF the important
fact that. almost from the day Ger
many actively took the first step to-
ward international suicide. Yankee
sinew and Yankee ingenuity We're gear
ed up to the allied cause.
on that fateful April of this year
when President Wilson formally align
ed " in the world fight for freedom.
not less than $4,000 able bodied Amer
lean citizens were at the fighting front.
most of them wearing Canadian khaki.
and the rest in the French Aviation
Corps q in our own ambulance divj-
sions We had gotten our Baptism Of
blood on the battleieldS Of France long
before Pershing's "Sammies made their
historic advent upon the soil Of the
sister republic.
American tnyentiyeneSS had also al
ready contributed its share. The aero
plane. the Lewis gun. the submarine,
the heavy siege gun and the ironclad-
III vital factors in the conduct of this
of science and machinery-owe
their existence 10 our skill and re
source. Thus il may well be sa ID that
We're Al the war before We We're
formally IN the war.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

The first and the last watchword of
the Council of National Defense is or
ganization-and again organization"
Of the Council of National Defense and
of the advisory commission of the
same. and through their control of the
organizations of women throughout
the country the woman's committee of
the Council of National Defense has ac-
complished the greatest feat of regis
tratfon OF woman power ever effected
in short time. IL today there is any
american woman in the United States
who has not pledged her word to help
fault OF the Womans committee, for il
has sent its directions to that effect
into the uttermost corners of the land
The chairman of the committee is
DR.. Anna Howard Shaw. Her fellow
members are Mrs Philip y. Moore of
St Louis. Mrs. Josiah Z. Cowles of CAL
tfornia. Miss Maude Wetmore of Rhode
Island. Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait of
New York. Mrs. Antoinette Funk of
Chicago, Mrs. Stanley Mccormick of
Boston. Mrs. Joseph r. Lamar of At
lan;a, Miss Ida NJ. Tarbell of New York
and Miss Agnes Nestor of Chicago. Mrs.
Ira Couch Wood is secretary of the
committee.
No word of introduction is necessary
for Dr. Shaw. honorary president of
the National American Woman Suffrage
Association. for she is known the world
over as the intrepid champion of wom-
an suffrage Her dignified conduct of
her campaigns for the past fifty years
has brought her the respect of all and
the love of many.
The name Of Mrs. Philip N. Moore is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

But all tins Was merely Incidental to
the vast part that We viii now play IN
the colossal blood drama which is to
make the world free for democracy.
The entire country is realizing that We
sklst become partner il the enter
prise. In such whole hearted co-opera-
ton in making il every citizens war
lies the only nope of ultimate and COM
plete victory. What can We do and
how can ii be done"
II you have read the other articles i'll
this series You Viii know that the Eu
ropean war has become stupendous
business. a 5 perfectly organized and 3
scientifically conducted with regard to
training and distribution of units as the
United States Steel Corporation or any
other huge American industrial institu-
ton War is simply competition be-
tween nations.
IL war is business. as it is then it
will give America its greatest oppor-
tunity. for the middle name of the
United States is business. We are the
masters of standardization. When de-
struction becomes standardized then the
real death knell of Teutonic ambition
will be sounded
Now You begin to see one of the es-
sentIal things that America can do. We
must gear our whole miracle of organ
izaticn up to the job of beating the
German. In doing this we will be mere
~ lighting the devil with his own fire
The Boche. as the British call our COM
mon enemy. has already given the
world u few lessons in business eff
cheney himself.
one definite reason why America can
swiftly and adequately line herself up
with the allies is that this is a war of
quantity and output. both of men and
materials 1t thinks and fights in terms
OF millions Some of the big facts in
relation to the wars demands which
nave not hitherto been published in the
Ihlted states, will give an idea of how
useful our facilities for large and
standardized output will be-
England has had to provide %. 900. 600
allies requirements She has been called
upon to supply no fewer than 80 600 900
sand bags; she has had to manufacture
1lU-9o0.00o yards of flannel Combining
the goods used for the sand bags and the
Manned. you have total of go. 600 600
yards of material This is a remarkable
quantity, even in these days when the
million has become unit of arithmeticaI
expression Reducing these figures to DIFF
ferent terms, England has made over 49,
900 miles of cloth and flannel enough to
bandage the earth four and a half times
at the equator.
The comparatively simple matter of
horseshoes will show how industry in
England has grown under the driving
pressure of war. At the beginning of the
a sufficient supply. Canada and the
United States were called upon without
avail Then the government organized
all the farriers. and the result was most
successful At the beginning of the
the output Of horseShoes in England was
only $4,000 per month. Now 1t is 1000. Oo0
Right here comes an important indus
trial factor that the United States must
Immediately reckon with in her participa-
ton in the war. In dealing with COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-12

~ NE of the; biggest things
III II small group of women was
W ever asked to do in any land
~ was the request made last
April that a group of ten representa-
tive women of America should serve as
a committee of the Council of National
Defense for. the purpose of organizing
the women of the United States for
definite war work
Has that group measured up to the
standard set for them?
The question answers itself in the
fact that although the machinery set
in motion by the woman's committee
of the Council of National Defense is
barely three months old. through it's
activity millions of women today are
pledging themselves for service with
the food administration. for home and
allied relief work. food production.
conservation and thrift: thousands of
women have been modified for. labor
and are at work in war Industries: the
systematized protection of women and
children workers is in effect in every
state. has the support of the commit
tee, and the moral and spiritual forces
of the nation are being conserved and
strengthened.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-06-19
LEWISBURG, o.

Mrs. Flora Dunn of Richmond spent
Monday and Tuesday with her son,
Charles, and family. George w. Rich
ards returned Monday to Cincinnati
to sit on the Federal jury, having
spent the weekend with home folks. :.
Mrs. Everett Smith of Dayton spent
the past week with her parents, Mr..
and Mrsf Lon Hawkey. >. Mr.. and
Mrs. Gaylor NJ. Carley moved Tues
day from the l.. J. Reid property on
West Main street to one of the new
bungalows belonging to Mrs. Virginia
3. Miller and located on Cherry. street
Mr.. and Mrs. George Kuth moved
Tuesday to the.south half of the Mary
A. McGill property on North Washing
ton street, recently vacated by Mrs.
Minerva Bunker. Mrs. T. J. Canny
returned Friday to her home at Xenia,
Ohio, and was accompanied home by
her sister, Miss Margaret Cunningham,
OF Chicago. Mr.. and Mrs. Harry
Brown and family of Chester spent
Sunday with Mr.. and Mrs. James
Shurte. >. Mr.. and Mrs. c. ]. Bailey of
Richmond spent Sunday afternoon
with Mrs. Caroline McGrew. ;. Mrs.
Leonard Moore Friday fractured her
ankle and tore loose the ligaments in
her leg. She was aiding her husband
in caring for a sick horse, when she
slipped upon a board i. !. Mrs n S.
Teaford fell down a flight of stairs
Saturday, sustaining bruises. -. Mr..
and Mrs. w. w. Barton and family of
New Madison were guests Sunday of
Mrs. Hannah Sawyer.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-06-19
vIGRAN'S CLUB WILL
MAKE ITS DEBUT AT
LEAGUE PARK SUNDAY

Sam Vigran's recently organized in
dependent team, composed of the best
semiLpro players in Richmond and VI
entity, will play its first game at home
next Sunday afternoon at Central
league park The fast Indianapolis
Em-Roe team will be the other half of
the attraction.
Vigran has the following players
signed for his team: Herb Logan,
shortstop, former Earlham star,
Cooney, Davis and Holmes, in the out
field, the three best gardeners in the
Saturday Afternoon league. Clements
of Williamsburg. second base, Hunt Of
Cambridge City, first base, Redding-
haus, at third, Haas, probably the best
semi-pro catcher in eastern Indiana.
who caught here for Evansville on
Decoration day, behind the bat, and
Minner and Wallace, pitchers. These
two boys are both Saturday Afternoon
league stars.
The game Sunday will be called at
2:30. Ladies with escorts will be ad-
mitted free.
The Em-Roes are probably the best
club now travelling out of Indianapolis
and the fans are assured of good
game.