davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19

For right hand drive machine: to stop, extend right arm and hold sta- tionary.( Some professional drivers move arm up and down from elbow) Turn left, extend right arm and beck on or rotate hand from rear to front. Turn right, extend right arm and hold stationary. (Sometimes a rotary mo- tion of hand from wrist from front to rear) Turn around, signal for direc- tion. Continue until turned.
 The importance of a systematized signal cannot be over estimated. It is becoming more and more apparent. It will perhaps not be long before some device, as a car accessory whereby proposed traffic signals can be given from the drivers seat, both by day and night, will be put upon the market. Until such is perfected 1t is the duty of every driver to properly study and to learn to give unequivocal | signals which cannot be mistaken. | It is the very proper tendency of all courts and automobile departments to place a distinct burden of caution upon every driver of car which is in good position for observation of signals given by the driver of any other car; that is, a driver approach ing from the rear is held to caution notwithstanding a signal from the car in front. The fact that any signal at all is given puts the following driver to duty of extreme care based upon his knowledge that the leader is about to do something.
 Exactness will probably be attained sometime in the future but is not as yet and until it is, the primary rule must be that the first effect of every signal is cautionary,
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
GOAL SHORTAGE NOT DUE TO LACK |OF MINE PRODUCTION; U. 5. PRO-
 ,6UCES HALF OF WORLDS OUTPUT

of any other country, her estimated supply being S,527,000. 100000 short tons against 1S0, 1000, 100000 in Great Britain the next largest producer: 164,O00,0 100000 in Germany which ranks third as g. coal producer. Chi mas supply ranks next to that of the United States and is estimated at l. 500, 900, 100000 short tons or less than half our own, but China's output of coal is extremely small trifle of 15,432,000 tons in 1913 according to the banks statement. So large is our supply that according to the Geologic al Survey the quantity of coal pro- duced from the mines of the United States since coal mining began a cen tury ago Is but about one-half of 1 per cent. of the original supply, the entire output of our mines from the beginning of coal mining in 1900 to the end of 1917 having been 12,000,- 100000 tons out of an estimated sup ply of S.527, ,OO0. 100000.
 Notwithstanding the fact that we have by far the worlds largest supply and are also the worlds largest pro ducer of coal, our exports are much less than those of certain other coun- tries having 8 much smaller supply. Great Britaip's coal exports in 1913, the latest normal year, amounted to 82, ,000, 900 short tons and Germany's about 37,OO0, 900 short tons, while the United States in the fiscal year 1913 exported, but about 23,000,000 short tons. Since the beginning of the war, however, our coal exports have shown a slight increase, having been in 1917 about 20 per cent. more than in 1913, while those of Great Britain mean time declined and those of Germany were, of course, confined to trade with the adjacent neutral countries. The total value of coal exported from the 1 United States in the fiscal year 1917 was $S3, 3,000,0 900 against $65,000, 900 ir 1913; of this $S5,000,000 worth ex. ported in 1917, $5S,00O,000 went te Canada, $5.o00,0 900 to Cuba, about ST. 00O,000 to South America and $350,.
 100000 to Italy.
 l The quantity of coal consumed or the oceans of the world by vessels en.
 gagged in international trade and the
 nagies of the various countries is esti
 mated by the bank at about 75,000, 900 tons per annun1, valued at approx
 imately $250,0O0,000, these figures re
 lating to conditions preceding the war
 The total quantity at the present tim,
 Is doubtless materially less, both b,
 reason of the reduction in the mum
 Der of vessels engaged in ocean trans portation and the further fact tha
 many of the vessels are now using oi for fuel instead of coal
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19

That the present coal shortage in the United States is due to causes otn- ar than lack of output by our mines, is Indicated by a compilation by The National City Bank of New York. which estimates our total output of 1917 as greater than in any earlier year and shows that the United States aotually produces nearly 45 per cent. of the coal of the world. In 1860 we were producing less than 10 per cent. of the worlds coal output; in 1870 15 per cent; in 1880 21 per cent; Tn 1890 S4 per cent; in 1910 4S per cent; in 1e76 A per cent and the 1917 rec ord when completed will prooaoEy show our scale of the worFds output fully 45 per cent.
 Tho coal production of the United States grew from less than half million short tons in 1880 to 2,OOo,- 900 tons in 1S40; 15.000,000 in 1860; 71 100000 in 1880; 15S,0O0,0O0 in 1890; 2So, 900, 900 in 1900; 5O2, ,000, 900 in 1910; 59O, 900, 900 in 1916 ana esti- ma4ed at $50, 900 short tons in 1917.
 Pennsylvania Is by far the largest coal producing state, her total output aearegating nearly 250,000.000 tons aRainst about S0,0O0,000 in West Vir- afnia. 60, ,000, 900 in Illinois, 2S,000.000 ir ohio, 1000, 900 in Kentucky, IT, coo. 900 in Indiana and 15,o00,o0o in Alabama. Practically all of the an- fhracite coal produced in the United States is mined in the state or Penn sylvania, where it forms about one third of the tottal output. Present indications are that the anthracite production of 1917 will aggregate about l00, ,0O0,O 900 short tons out of total coal production of approximate ly 6B0y000 ,000 short tons in the entire United States.
 The United States has been for many years the worlds largest produ- cer of coal. In 1918 the year preced- ing. the war and the latest normal year for world production, the United States produced 570,0Q0,000 short tons against 322, 100000 in Great Bri- tain; soc, 6,000, 900 in Germany; 60,000,' GOO in Austria Hungary; 45,o00,o00 ir France; 36,000,0 900 in Russia; 25,00O,' GOO In Belgium and 24.ooo,o0o in Jap an The total world product of tha1 year was 1,47S, 900, 900 tons, our share of that total being approxtmaresy s' per cent. In 1916 our share of the worlds product was about A per cent and in 1917 will presumably approd mate AS per cent
 The United States is quite natural " the largest coal producer of tht world According to the banks state ment it's coal supply far exceeds tha
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
STOCK MARKET
~~~~~~~N-

Noon-Rai1roads became active later On further price impairment. xranscontinentals, grangers and coal ers lost one to two points. Great Northern, New York Central and Pennsylvania made new low records American Telephone end Texas oil. a1so continued to yield. Steeis and other equipments averaged one point rscessions from their best with Marine preferred. Bonds also became more reactionary, United Kingdom 5s, Bur- lingtor As and New York Central de- bentures being among the new lows. Liberty 4s were quoted at 97.o8 to s7 and the s1ss at 9S.5 to SS.44.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
J. S. ENGINEER OFFICE. NEW


 LONDON, CT.-A public hearing will be held in the Council Cham Der, City Hall. Bridgeport, at 2 p. m.. Dec. 20. 1917. in the matter of establishing U. s. harbor lines in Johnson's River and in other DOT tions of Bridgeport harbor where no lines have been established, and in revising harbor lines heretofore established, except in Black Rock harbor, so far as revision may be desirable. Maps showing the ex- isting and proposed lines may be seen at the City Engineers office, Bridgeport, on and after Dc. IS. While for accuracy of record, all important facts and arguments should bes ubmitted in writing, oral evidence will be heard.
 T13dS
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
STATE OF CONNECTICUT, DISTRICT OF BRIDGEPORT, ss., PROBATE COURT.
Dan IT. 1Q17

s Dec. TT, IyI7. Estate of Lucy A. S. Cowd, late of the town of Bridgeport in said district, deceased.
 The Court of Probate for the Dis trict of Bridgeport hath limited and allowed six months from the date hereof for Creditors of said Estate to exhibit their claims for settlement. Those who neglect to present their accounts properly attested, within said time, will be debarred recov- cry. All persons indebted to said estate are requested to make imme- dtate payment to
 MORRIS B. BEARDSLEY,
 Executor.a No. Ii, Franklin Building. IS s"
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
Switzerland Pleased
 With New U. s. Treaty

Berne. Switzerland. Dec. 19.-The text of the new commercial treaty with the United States was published in Switzerland today and caused an excellent impression everywhere. All the Swiss newspapers expres the warmest gratitude of the Swiss people to President Wilson and the American government.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
BOSTON STOCKS.

Boston 1:9o P. Ii. Prices Reported Over Private Wira t0 T. L.
 W@1BOM Q Go.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
New York Stock
 Exchange Quotations

RepcFted over the private wires oa I. E1 Watson & O.. Bankers and Hrohorn. Corner Main and John 6t&. Bridgeport. Conn. Members 0f Mew XoTk Stock ExcnaaGa.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
FARM 100 ACRES

40 acres tillab1e, balance in pas ture and woodland; barn, shed, house 21A stories high with 12 rooms; some fruit trees, henhouse, pump in house; all in good condition; near school and church. Price $2,50O. cash $1,50O, balance mortgage. Let us show you this one.
 Alfred II. Clark & Son 1924 MAIN ST. ROOM 400
 P23 eff
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-12-19
PRINTING
1NvEsrAiENr SECURITIES
PATEN1SJ

FIRED II. BoWEkSoCK. B. Q. E- ILL. B. Attorney and Counselor at Law in Patent and Trademark Causes. Solicitor of Patents S1t Main St. Suite 20. Phone 111 Bar mum. 14 years practice In Nsw York city. New York okkice, 1sa a Rnaeeg eh
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
MEXICAN OUTLAWS
MURDER M0RMONS
THREE AMERICAN RANcHERs
SLAIN BY BANDITS WHO
CROSSED THE BORDER.
Band Entered New Mexico and Muir
dered Americans, Driving OFF Horses
and Mules and Taking $500
Worth Of Supplies.

I'll Paso, Texas.-Private adyices re
ceived from Columbus, N. NJ, said
three Mormons were killed by a band
OF Mexicans which crossed the inter.
national boundary sixty miles south
west OF Hachita, N. NJ, on Tuesday
and raided the Corner ranch" An
drew Peterson, another Mormon. was
held a prisoner, it was said Villa BAN
dts are suspected.
Il. s. Stephenson, general
OF the Palomas Land & Cattle COM.
pany, said he had received a report
from his wagon boss at Hachita that
three Americans and seven Mexfcans
We're captured and 109 American
horses and mules and 81, 500 worth Of
supplies were taken away. His re-
port made no reference to any loss
of life.
The Mormons living in the section
were said by a leader of the Mormon
cnurch here to be John Pierce,
Miles Pierce, Andrew Peterson. Jr.
TWO brothers named Jensen and a
young man named Adams.
The Corner Ranch is owned by
the Palomas Land & Cattle mpan
X. Warren, of Three Oaks, Mich.
IS n of the principal stockholders
In the company.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
REPULSE
TEUT0N|C ATTACK
CONCENTRATED FIRE CUTS DOWN
GERMANS WHO CHARGE AL
LIED TRENCHES.
Terrific Artillery Duel RACES In
Champagne District-Beriin Says
Russian Allies In Roumania
Were RepuIsed.

London.-The Germans in the Mir.
aumont sector of the Ancre front In
France have striven hard to regain
the positions taken from them by the
British on Saturday, but their at
tempts were ~fruitless, according to
the British war office. Attacking in
waves, the Germans came under the
concentrated fire Of the British guns
and were swept back to their
trenches, suffering heavy casualties.
At no place did the attacking forces
reach the British line, and the Brit
ish suffered no casualties. The Brit
ish captured $50 officers and men.
Trench-raiding operations and artil.
lery duels still continue on various
sectors of the front in France and
Belgium. In Champagne, near Ri
pont, according to Berlin, the French
have actively shelled the Germans in
the positions captured from the
French last week, but have been un.
able to launch infantry attacks, ow.
ing to the terrific artillery reply of
the Germans.
Except for isolated attacks, the
most violent of which, was delivered
by the Russians against Teutonic al
lied positions in the Oituz valley in
Roumania and which Berlin says was
repulsed, little fighting is in progress
in the eastern theatre.
Petrograd admits the entry of Ger
mans into Russian trenches south of
Dvinsk, but says later they were driv-
en- out. In the Carpathians a strong
Austro-G German work south of Okna
has been captured by the Russians.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
COWBOYS PLAhN|NG
HUNT FOR BANDITS
WOULD CROSS THE BORDER IN
PURSUIT OF sLAYERs or
THREE AMERICANS.
leaders Expect to Raise Force OF Five
Hundred Men and are Securing
Arms and Ammunition for
Expedition.

III Paso, Texas.-The report is eur.
rent here that the cattiemeh in the
Haehita district OF New Mexico intend
70 form a punitive expedition of their
" 70 cross into Mexico and give
chase o the bandits who murdered
the three American cowboys, on the
Corner ranch last week. 1t ls known
that cattlemen have brought supplies
Of arms and ammunition here and
shipped them 10 Hachlta, and that
much bitter talk has been heard from
them.
Lem Spilisbury. the Mormon scout
lately with General Pershing In Mex.
leo. was said 10 be organising d posse
OF this kind after the discovery OF the
dead bodies OF his companions near
Corner ranch. but according TO report.
gave up the idea because he could
not muster more than ffty men. and
there are about 500 OF Villas followers
10 the neighboring part OF Mexico.
The rumor had X that cattlemen
from all parts OF the southwest were
Joining the expedition, which they
expeeted 70 be increased to about 500
men.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
WILSON OFFICIALLY ELECTED.
Electoral Vote c~anvassed, Showing
277 for Wilson and 254 for HUGHES.

Wash1ngton.-On February IA con-
gress completed the constitutional for
malities carrying into effect the will
OF the voters expressed last November
and officially declared Woodrow Will
son, president, and Thomas r. Mar
shall, vice-president, reelected.
AT a joint session of the senate and
house the sealed vote was
by states with the usual quadrennial
ceremony and the result of the ballot
ing of the ELECTORAL college, once the
deciding factor in presidential con-
tests, but in recent years only a per-
functory means of ratifying the popu.
lar voice, was entered formally on the
official records. The count showed 277
votes for the Democratic nominees
and 254 for Hughes and Fairbanks.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
KAISER MUST our THRONE
sr'tcns VIII insist on Change In GOV
eminent, says Lowther.

London-The speaker Of The house
OF commons. the Right Hon. James
William i0wther, declared here sun
day that II was Impossible for British
statesmen to make any agreement
with the German government as nov
constituted.
u would be necessary before sign.
Ing any peace or any agreement. he
said. to insist that II must be with
4 government different in essence and
costitution from the present one.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
srArE rRoops RELlrvgp.
National euardsmen on Border to be
sent Beck Home.

Washingtop,~-coineide with The
reopentng Of the American embassy Ii
Mexico the big army Of national
Euardsmen that was concentrated on
the border on account of bandit nc.
t~iyities, will be in process Of dissoiu
ton. orders were issued by the war
department on February IL directing
General Funston TO begin the immedi
ate rehabilitation Of all the guard
units remaining IN border camps, and
Il Is expected that the last troop train
viii be 81 its way north by March Z.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Radicals Want Intervention.

Madrid.-Spanish neutrality was
the subject of animated discussion in
the cortes Saturday night, when sew
eral deputies, including Seniors Rodes
and Garcia, questioned the premier,
Count de Romanones, on the attitude
of the government in the war. >
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Vienna Hopes Tor Pence.

Vienna-Despite the fact that some
newspapers take a gloomy view OF
Austro-Ameriean relations and the
situation brought about by the sew
erance of relations between the Unit,
ed States and Germany. official circles
in Vienna are inclined to believe that
the situation Is not entirely hoheless
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Gerard Party Reaches Paris.

Paris.-James w. Gerard, former
American ambassador at Berlin; Mrs.
Gerard and their party, ~forty-two per-
in all, arrived in Paris Inurs-
lay morning from Berne, Switzerland.
They were met at the station by the
American ambassador, William Sharp,
and the embassy staff.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23

The annual consumption of potatoes
in New York exceeds 750,000,OOO
pounds.
French engineers have completed
plans for making the city of Brest a
deep-water port.
Great Britain has now prohibited
the importation OF all jewelry other
than watches and watch cases except
under license.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
DEFENSE MEASURES PLANNED
Wilson May Ask Congress for su.
preme Power.

Washlngton.-The a~dvisablity Of
going before congress before the end
of the present session March 4. &c
make certain that he be clothed with
sufficient power To protect American
lives and property from German sub
marine activities was discussed by
President Wilson saturday with mem
hers Of the senate whom he called in
TO conference during a brief Wait 10
the capitol.
Afterwards Il WAS indicated that the
president had not made UP his mind
on the question, but had such a step
under consideration because OF the
possibility that after adjournment
some sudden emergency might aris
necessitating action before congress
could be esn@s ssseiher again.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
MInlstsr kIlLea 81 Madmnn.

Atlanta. Ga S%eereting himself in
the home Of his mother nlaw. where
his wife had been living since their
separation. Claude Anderson. recently
released from the state hospital for
the insane. shot and killed the REV.
CASTOR Il. nuford. fatally wounded Mrs.
~. Zahn. his wife's mother, slightly
wounded Mrs, w. j. zahn and was
himself killed by w. J. Zahn.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
INTERESTING FACTS

Bergen, Norway, is to have a school
for chauffeurs.
Electric street car service vas begun
in Matanzas and Cardenas on Decem-
Der IL.
A Colombian merchant is in the mar
ket for machinery for making mosaic
and floor tile.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Storm Wrecks AIrpIanes.

Columbus, N. MA severe wind
storm Sunday wrecked three airplanes
valued at SIS 900 each and demol-
ished a newly built hangar in the
camp of the First aero squadron here.
One soldier was seriously injured by
flying debris.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Ordered to Lower Elaa.

Washington.-State department adj
vices Thursday reported officially that
Brand Whitlock. American minister to
Belgium, had been requested, but not
ordered by the German military
authorities to lower the American flag
from the legation in Brussels.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
HAS VILLA LEFT MEXICO?

Reported That Bandit Leader Has
Sailed for Japan.
Ell Paso.-A report that Villa had
gone in disguise to the west coast and
taken a ship for Japan on a political
mission. has been known to Carranza
officers and officials here and in Ju-
arez for several days, Eduardo Sori-
ano Bravo, the Mexican consul here,
said Sunday.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
LARGEST FREIeHTEs SUNK.
White Star Steamer Afric Victim of
Submarine Warfare.

London.-The biggest freighter in
the world, the White Star. steamer
Afric. of 1890 tons, fell victim on
February Ii to unrestricted U.boat
warfare. Seventeen of the crew are
missing, She is the biggest prize ex-
acted by the German submarine since
the decree went into effect. Her loss
brings the total number of ships
known to have been destroyed in
thirteen days up to n~inety-one. with
an aggregate tonnage of 200,433.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Seattle 70 Rulld cunardera.

Seattle.-Announcement was made
Saturday that the Cunard line had
let to the Seattle Construction & Dry
dock company at Seattle the contract
for six steel freight steamships at a
figure in excess OF Sc, 1000, 900.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
King Saws war Inev;table

Ogden, utah.-War with Germany
is inevitable unless the submarine
warfare is discontinued and Ameri-
a. vessels are allowed to sail the
seas unmolested, according to Sena-
tor-elect William II. King Of Salt
Lake, who was the honor guest at a
banquet rendered him Saturday night
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Submarine Base at Los auv.,es.

NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. of a
submarine training base in Los An
geles harbor and of a submarine war
operating base at San Diego are rec
commended in a report Of the special
navy commission.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Move to ston Gossininn.

Denver.-The state public utilities
commission on Friday was asked to
prevent m in southern Colorado
from monopolizing rural telephone
lines with neighborhood gossip.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Russia Faces Coal Famine.

Vladivostok.-This city is facing a
coal famine because of the great de-
mand for ships to carry ammunition.
Under government order all hotels
and public buildings are permitted to
lave only a limited supply of fuel.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
DEUTSCHLAND CHAINED TO DOCK
Reported That Captain Koeninq and
Tis Crew are in English Jail.

TITS SreW are IN English Jail.
Baltlmore.-That the merchant sub
marine Deutschland has been cap
eured, and that he saw her in PLY.
mouth harbor with 1856 other German
was the statement made
ner Friday by William Palmer, sec
ono engineer of the American trans
port liner Mongolia. Palmer said
tnat the British had captured 400 en-
envy submarines and that 1877 of them
were In Plymouth chained together
n in the center of a huge network
OF chains attached to buoys and
wharves.
Captain Koenig. commander of the
submarine ~freighter, and his crew are.
In English jails, said Palmer.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Big Bond Issue Proposed.

NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. Weeks, Re-
publican of Massachusetts, has intro
duced as a substitute for the admin
istration revenue bill a measure to
provide for issuance of government
3h per cent interest bearing bonds
UP to $760, 000. 900, of which $400, 900
900 would be utilized for expenditures
of national defense.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Rernstorff Hopes for Peace.

Washington.-In a farewen state
nent before leaving for New York to
sail for home Count Won Bernstorff
expressed the hope that war between
he United States and Germany might
be ayerted.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Defense Legislation Next.

Washington.-With the end of the
sixty-fourth congress but two week
off, administration leaders are oncen
trating their energies to the enact
ment Of revenue and national defense
legislation.
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Porto Rican Women MAY Vote.

Washington.-In the opinion of
many senator's, an amendment to the
Porto Rican citizenship bill tentative
ly agreed to by the senate, would give
women Of the island who become citi-
zens of the United States the right
to vote,
The Meridian times. (Meridian, Idaho) 1909-1938, 1917-02-23
Britain BUYS Tea.

London.-The government is Just
low buying $4,000, 900 pounds of tea,
a years supply for the army and
navy. 1t constitutes one of the larg-
est tea purchases on record.