davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1917-02-03

Lund became more impatient and rest
less. And when young Luud arrived,
just a few moments within the hour,
she was greatly eura--d To discover
that he had brought along Peg and
the old clown.
What right has this girl 20 come
here AT this time cried Mrs. Lund as
Peg. with Flip, entered the room.
Every right. a YOU shall soon see"
said Flip in Il Suavely aE--ayariu- tone
that served only further To infur.are
the mercenary and cruel woman.
The lawyer adjusted his classes and
opened the will. Then he read the
br.rt document. In the first Two para
graphs Doctor Lund referred To- his
marriage To- Mrs. Lunt. relating thar
he had raised her son a. his own
child and r-yuuntrd that a. Mrs. Luut
was wealthy in her own right. he felt
thar tho money h. had spent upon
young LuuI.> edurauon might we'll be
considered an advance payment OF any
share she might have in the Luud
millions.
The rhird and final paragraph dis
posed Of the drat mans fortune in
this manner, To my dear daughter,
Peg, l hcquea.h all of my money, prop
cry and vaIuabIr> and the mammoth
circus, - a slight PREPARATION for the
wrong done ~ both the -irI and her
mother. La Belle Le Sirur"
Mrs. LundS outhurSr Of passionate
rage almost drowned the voice of the
inwyer aN he read the Important para
graph. The enraG"d woman held uioft
IN" letter 'h"rhro had given her and
NATirk"d AT the top OF her voice:
IN" Iinr"Nt"r SAaH NOT nave the
i'F'1A". mere l. letter iett ny h"r
mother t""t SHOWS f'G hai no claim
..t III! '"le AI>'hAt fortune.
lh'n 81" hUnG the letter upon the
table, and looked with triumphant
>'"rh nj leg ana FHp. fe- remained
>l".ltl-.F SILENT hut Flip drew from
MS I''."t tHe original letter that La
h'..' It"H lh'Ta>'eI o. MN. mere was
''''N 90. trump" on Ms lace IL Ae
'''''''' "''' /" It Gear STEADY voice:
MS LUh3. your sinful ea-"rreNS
/ '' possess Doctor LUnIS millions has
l-"'4' You an easy vacuum OF trlcNery.
/ I"'i 'A"t fiA" letter mai" 70 ms
''''' "..- lr- anu YOUR own son COM
i'.>'.' ',' ""' l '''' IL III me trunk
H'"' t'"" ,'''> A''-l'- H"t II.
linen ZIP handed IN" original let
Ter 70 ''le WYE anu S''.t. inns Is
'.'e genuine N''I.-'i'' ana II proves
'''''' = 'll' ".>' ann "".F c.'II" "I
E"u' Id. i'">''..l'I anu I'a' I'e'F 10 Ms
'',.'' ~. ..'''''
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- ',''' 'I '''' -''''''.' Ms ''l''"'I
''te p">' IL" "''N>
- '''' NM" 'I'e U"| '''' u
"' wv. ~. M paint ann ',.' "'.'
Il ''''''''.''' W '''''-1-
~ '''..' ,'.'''-''-'. ','''N.',- -
y, I'' M o'''''
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The Madison journal. (Tallulah, Madison Parish, La.) 1888-current, 1917-02-03
{ THE END.)

dejectedly, II wisht l didn't have sc
much family"
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10

The same man with a gang plow con-
sisting of two twelve-inch bottoms will
average 4A acres a day and will use
one more horse. This means that by
increasing the horse stock third,
one man can increase his efficiency in
breaking ground nearly rs per cent.
Investigations have actually shown
that a man on riding implement will
do more work in a day than the same
man and the same team with imple-
ments that require him to walk. The
use of bigger tools and thorough prep
aration of seed beds will also cut
down the time required fer cultivation
of the corn crop. Cultivation is the
operation which limits the amount of
corn one man can grow. If a good
reed bed Is prepared, some time can
be saved in cultivatirg the crop, and
consequently more acres can be grown.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10

The name millet is applied to a
number of cultivated annual grasses,
some of which are used largely as
forage crops and others as cereals;
most of them, however are used either
for forage or for grain. according to
the needs of the growers. In the
United States all except the broom
corn millet are used almost exclusively
for forage purposes, but in Africa. In
dia, China. Korea, Japan. and Russia
the millets are grown extensively for
human food. In China the broom
corn and foxtail millets are most COM
mon, and the grain, after being
cleaned and hulled, is crushed and
cooked as a porridge, much as certain
breakfast foods are used in America.
In India pearl millet, which is grown
there under the native name of ,baJra,
is the most important miilet. Korea
and Japan produce considerable prose-
and foxtail millet. and the latter
country also devotes 3. considerable
acreage to barnyard millet, which is
grown there almost entirely for its
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
Selecting the Dairy
Cow By Type

The essential functions of the dairy
COW are milk production and repro
duction. The most accurate methods
of determining these are: (1) Milk
production by means of the milk
production by breeding records.
There is only small proportion of
the cows used for dairy purposes on
which such records are kept. This
necessitates the employment OF some
other method of selection. In the
breeding of high producing animals,
through several generations it has
been observed that there are certain
characteristics of the conformation
which are correlated with large pro-
duction. These characteristics are,
namely: % Extreme angular form.
carrying no surplus flesh. but in good
physical condition. (2) Prominent de-
velopment of the udder and veins.
(3) The symmetrical development
of the barrel with large capacity
After one becomes familiar with these
external characteristics it is possible
to select cows producing 800 pounds
Of fat per year from those producing
$50 pounds. The difficulty comes in
picking the animal that will produce
500 pounds of fat per year as COM
pared to the one producing 400
pounds.
The selection Of animals by this
method is rather uncertain. The
fal Ter makes the largest majority Of
his selections in this manner and
should be familiar with its limitations
In order to judge the animal with
much accuracy she should be in milk
and at the best stage in her lactation
period, A COW that is dry offers very
little upon which to base opinion as
she has a tendency to take on flesh.
Cows that have been underfed are in
no condition to be judged. 1t is hard
to tell what heifers will do from ap-
pearance before calving. Sometimes
the cow that has all of the external
appearances does not have the stimu-
lation to produce milk. Until records
are kept of more animals or some
other means devised for selection, the
selection by type should be used and
it is up to everyone interested in dairy
cattle to become familiar with it
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
ALL PLANTS SUBJECT TO
PARASITES.

All plants are subject to attacks BY
parasites. These parasitic enemies axe
as different in structure - the plants
upon which they feed. I Some para.
SITES are microscopic plants called
fungi. and are the causes Of such wsll-
known diseases as apple scab. brown
rot, and wheat rust. Others are known
as bacteria, producing the injufioas
fire blight Of fruit trees. Stil Others
are not plants at all but are insects.
OF all plant parasites, undoubtedly
scale insects have received most a..
tention during the last thirty yeaxA
Their small size has rendered the0
obscure. Their obscureness has u.
lowed them to multiply year af1sF
year without being combaAed. TAstr
increasing numbers have resulted IN
the death Of Thousands Of trees, Struts
and greenhouse plants each year
throughout this country. Hundreds Of
different kinds OF scale insects exist.
Some are large and active throughout
their entire lives. The mealy-buss a.
the greenhouse are typical exampaeA
Others are small and sedentary. ho-
coming immovable soon after they b.
gin feeding. The San Jose and cdtxoo
scales are well-known species II this
type. The ravages Of such pests aro
SO expensive that farmers Of the
United States are annually pay11g
thousands Of dollars either directly -
indirectly to scale insects alone.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10

drought-resistant crops, and they do
| have az low water requirement. but
they lack the ability to recover after
being injured by period of drought
This ability to recover from drought
injury is very pronounced In the sor.
ghums, but the millets succeed in 10.
calities subject to drought almost en-
tirely through their ability to escape
periods of acute drought on Account
of their short growing season. Atllet
is usually one of the first crops to show
! the effect of drought, mainly BE-
cause of it's shallow root system. III
A rich, loose, loamy soil is best for
mlllet. Plenty of humus is advAn.
tageous, and for this reason millet
is often planted on newly turned
grass sod. 1t is good crop for such
situations also, because it seems to aid
in disintegrating the sod. Good drain-
age is essential.
Millet is grown chiefly as catch
crop and is not important as con-
stituent in regular cropping system.
Most farmers use 1t to overcome an
expected shortage in their hay supply
or to occupy field which would other
of a regular crop Or because climatic
conditions have prevented the seeding
of such crop. Millet Is admirably
suited to such use because of its short
season of growth and the ease and
certainty of obtaining stand. The
plant is also adapted to wide range
both of soils and of climates. Large
yields are not obtained either on poor
soils or in dry climates, but millet has.
been found to make a heavier yield
under such conditions than most other
hay crops. The strongest competitor
of millet which has yet been found 10
Sudan grass, which promises to re-
place millet in many localities az
catch crop, so that further decrease
in the acreage of m illet is to be ex-
pected. The quality of Sudan grass
hay is superior to that Of millet, and
it's yields under comparable condi-
tons are nearly always larger, but the
growing season is trif1e longer than
that required by either Common or
Hungarian millet. A
Foxtail millet Is used to some ok
tent as a soiling crop, but it is not 40
well suited for this purpose ~ the
sorghums and some Of the small
grains. Pearl millet is better for use
as green feed than the foxtail mill
lets, because of its larger yield and it,
ability to make second growth after
being cut down: and both pearl millet
and barnyard millet are better silago
crops than foxtail mfllet, because OF
their larger yields and greater succu.
leuce.
Foxtail millet has never been uti-
liked to any great extent A. . gfain
crop in the United States. In China
and certain other parts of Asia, -
was stated in the Introduction, It -
used more or less as human food So
long as wheat can be produced In the
United States rs abundantly ana
cheapty as at present little miliet will
be grown for human food.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
THOROUGH CULTIVATION OF THE HOME GARDEN

soon aS-t the excess moisture from a
rain has soaked in or partially evap-
GRATED. Unless the ground is stirred
at this time a crust will form almost
inevitably. Such q crust, besides re-
stricting the plants, prevents the ac-
cess Of air. and also facilitates the loss
of moisture through evaporation.
When, during prolonged dry spells,
the plants give evidence of suffering
because Of the lack of moisture, water
must, If possible, be supplied artifi-
cially. Where supply of piped water
is at hand. perhaps the most usual
method of irrigation Is by sprinkling
with a hose. If sprinkling is prac-
ticed it should be done late in the
afternoon. 1t is not Sufficient merely
t. dampen the surface; a thorough
wetting should be given. A more sat
isfactory and more economical method
Of irrigation. however. is to open small
burrows between the rows of growing
plant and to supply water in these
bitches from a hose or pipe. Several
hours after the water has soaked in
the dry earth should be drawn back
into place.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
KEEP BUSY IN THE CORN FIELD

for 1t cannot help but result in more
or less injury.
Start the cultivators as soon as pos
sible after every rain and keep loose
dust mulch on the soil at all times ia
prevent the moisture from evaporat-
ing.
The cuittvators should be kept go
ing until the corn is tasseling, espec-
tally If the season is dry one. Many
fne corn field has had the crop
ruined by stopping cultivation at a
time when the corn appeared to be
too large to cultivate
With a good riding two-row cult
vator man can accomplish as much
In day as two men with a single
row machine and with but little more
exertion. On rough and stony lands
the single row machine is best
The style of shovels must be de-
termined largely by the kind of soil
and period of growth. First use mar
row shovels, then wide ones. and COM
plete the work with the spring tooth
chltivator and run very shallow.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10

The corn field should be narrowed
soon after it is planted Some OF the
best growers prefer to use a weeder
the first time over but this Is largely
a matter Of choice for either will do
good work.
light spike tooth harrow with the
teeth set we'll aslant will kill many
of the young weeds that have just
started and break the crust % that q
more Uniform stand is assured and the
cultivators may be started few days
earlier than when the field is left until
large enough to go over with the cul-
tivator the first time.
Cultivate deep the first two times
over the field and then cultivate shall
low. substituting the large shovels the
second time over and using the spring
tooth cultivator for subsequent culti-
walton.
It is worse than folly to tear and
cut the roots Of the plants after they
have formed a vigorous root system,
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10

! Cross Section of Land, Showing Use
OF the Dibble in Setting Plants. I'm
Properly Set Plant on Left.
sprinklers have reached them and
washed out the elements Of fertilfzing
value, they can be used advantage
ously.
In connection with the spread Of
the city gardening movement, now
popular throughout the country, a
warning in regard to oil and tar dam
age should be given. An instance is
cited of damage done to a garden near
Silver Spring, Maryland, on which I'M
sorted street sweepings from the Dis
trict Of Columbia were used. This
garden, according to reports, was
ruined by the tar products in the fer
tilizer and it was necessary to remove
the top soil and resurface the entire
plot with new soil. It is suggested by
this official that with some attention to
detail it might be possible to collect
sweepings from streets that are not
tarred, and perhaps from other public
places.
After the seeds have sprouted or
after the plants have been set in their
permanent location, continued cult
walton becomes necessary.
The gardener should never permit
the surface of the soil to become baked
or even to form an appreciate crust
Constant stirring with hand tools or
a wheel cultivator should be prachced
between the rows and about the plants.
Such stirring permits the air to
penetrate the soil, where it facilitates
chemical action and bacterial activity,
destroys weeds which otherwise would
utilize large amounts of plant food,
and, finally. conserves the moisture
supply. The rake is perhaps the gar
dener's most valuable tool in cult
waiting. This can be passed back
ward and forward over the sxound
until it is in an open, mellow condi-
ton. Where vegetables grow closely
in the rows it often will be necessary
to supplement the cultivation by hand
wedding. Small implements are made
for this purpose, and may be pur-
some cases to pull up weeds by hand.
especially where they grow closely
about the stalks of the garden plants.
Just as the gardener should be care
full in early spring not to dig the
ground when the soil is too moist, so
he should be careful later in the sea-
son not to cultivate too soon after
rains. The stirring of very muddy
soil '.puddles' it into a compact, CO.
ment-like mass in which the plant
food is securely locked. The garden
will require attention, however, as
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
REASONS FOR KEEPING LIVE
STOCK.

There are thousand and one rea-
sons why we should raise live stock
on the farm, and here are few of
them:
Because. while the owner is resting
and sleeping, live stock are working
for him. They are grazing in the
fields, eating hay in the barns, or d.
costing the food they have eaten.
whether they are receiving any at
tention from their owners or not.
Because live stock utilize the
rougher kinds of heritage on the
farms. which roughage can not be
turned into money in any other way.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
A SIMPLE WATER FOUNTAIN.

Fresh clean water is kept before
the chicks constantly, and is kept
clean by using tin can from which
the top has been melted with an OPEN
ing made in the open end three
fol1rths inch long (high) and one-half
inch wide. The can is filled and in
verted in a common earthen flower
pot saucer (open end downward) i,
making an automatic fountain which
is raised one and one-half inches from
the floor of the brooder or coop. II
the fountain is used with hens, some
way must be provided to keep the
hens from knocking the can over
overcame this by placing brick on
top of the can.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
KEEP IN TOUCH.

1t pays any farmer or dairyman OF
other man to read about his own bust
ness, for the reason that no matter
how bright or experienced man may
be he does not know It all, and car
learn a great deal from men engaged
in his own line Of business, whose
experience and conclusions are thus
given to the public. The man who
makes dairying his special business
should by all means read dairy papers
The man who combines dalrying with
crop production should take an agri-
cultural paper with dairy depart
ment.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
PLANT BETWEEN THE POTATO ROWS

While some farmers do not approve
of growing two crops on the soil
in one season, we have practiced doing
1t with the most satisfactory results.
Those who claim that double crops
are too much of drain on the land
should remember how every field
grows up in weeds just as soon as the
first crop of the season is removed or
stops growing.
This is especially true of the potato
patch and why should we not sow or
plant it to something profitable rather
than allow the worthless. unsightly
troublesome weeds to seed the patch
to weed pests for another season?
If one yees that the soil is failing In
fertility the cost of applying a light
dressing of rich barnyard manure will
still leave handsome margin of profit
from the value Of the second crops
secured.
Perhaps the most profitable manner
in which the potato patch can be
handled is to dig the potatoes just as
soon as they are suitable for market
ing.
At this season they are invariably
high priced and the land may then be
put to whatever use it Is desired with
out damaging the potatoes by cult
walton and hoeing. Then, too, one
can stir the ground more thoroughly
than if the planting were done be-
tween the rows of growing potatoes.
Where we dig the potatoes early we
stir the ground thoroughly, then har-
row it before planting it to'anything
else. but if the growing vines are left
in the patch we give them a good deep
cultivation at laying by, sowing or
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10

/ planting the seed as soon afterward
as possible, in order that they may
have the benefit of the surface moist
ure before it evaporates and also to
give the plants the start of any weeds
that may spring up Immediately after
the last cultivation.
Almost any garden or field plant will
make fair crop in the potato patch
after it is laid by. Sweet corn, ninety
day field corn and pop corn are fav-
, orite second crops.
Late cabbage will usually make a
!! good second crop for kraut and stor-
age purposes or at least will furnish
lot of green feed for the dairy cows
and poultry after the summer green
ness is gone.
Late tomatoes also are reasonably
sure of making a satisfactory crop
between the potato rows. Cane, kaffir
corn and millet will make nice crops
in the patch after the potatoes are
laid by and these may either be moved
or stacked for winter roughage or
utilized as late fall pasturage for
small stock that would not trample
the ground down too much.
Rape and turnips are also favorite
crops to be sown in the summer and
t'.cy will make excellent pasturage for
the lambs and shoats that are rung
SO they will not root up the potatoes
OF course it is impossible to har-
row in any OF the above-named seeds.
as that would tear up the vines so we
aim to do the last cultvating just
before a rain. letting the rain drops
beat the seed into the soil
Where this is not to be done we
SOW the seeds while the dirt is still
damp after the last plowing.-M c.,
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10

part consists of the swollen stem of
the plant. The vegetable looks like a
leafy turnip above ground. If used
when small g to 3 inches in dame
teri and not allowed to become tough
and hard, it is of superior quality.
1t should be more generally grown.
The culture is very simple. For an
early crop, plant and cultivate as for
early cabbage. For a late crop. or for
all seasons in the South, the seed may
be sown in drills where the crop is
to be grown and thinned to about
eight inches apart the row. The
rows should be from Is to So inches
apart, according to the kind of cult
walton employed. Is Nmatures as
quickly as turnips. One ounce of seed
will be necessary to seed one hundred
feet Of drill
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
CAN OR PRESERVE SURPLUS
VEGETABLES AND FRUITS,

When there is surplus of fruits or
vegetables that will spoil if kept. cook
or stew them and keep them cold and
covered for use in a day or two.
Can or preserve all surplus food
from gardens for winter use. In a
mornings work with ordinary home
utensils. you can put up many cans
Of vegetables and fruit for winter use.
If you have no garden, watch the mar
kets. When any fruit or vegetable
that can be canned becomes plentiful
and cheap. buy a quantity and can 1t
for home use next winter.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-07-10
HUMUs.

Humus is one of the essentials in
soils. 1t prevents cohesion Of the soil
grains into solid clods. 1t prevents
land from becoming sticky. We urge
every farmer to rotate his crops, plow-
ing under good sod of clover or some
legume as often as the rotation calls
for. the purpose of increasing humus
Stable manure, in which is mixed the
straw and corn stalks, answers the
same purpose. BY all means put back
into the soil as much humus as the
fields have grown or you will come
face to face with lessened fertility
and difficult farming.