davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-12-05
ALV ARADO

!! ALV1ARADO
John Boscher. of Crookston, was.
here on business between trains We'd
nesday.
liver Iverson and family visited with
the Hans Larson family Sunday.
Oliver Dahlgren and Mr.. and Mrs.
Oscar Bohlin autoed to Grand Forks
Friday.
The sale and supper given by the
ladies of the Norwegian Lutheran
church Thanksgiving evening was "a
great success. both Hotel Helen, where
the supper was served, and the church,
being crowded to utmost capacity. The
ladies are to be congratulated upon
the fine work shown. Mr.. Phillips, who
acted as auctioneer for the occasion,
helped much to make the affair sue
cess. The proceeds of the sale amount
ed to approximately $371.OO
Rev. Johnson, Of Park River, adj
dressed a large gathering at the Nor
wegian Lutheran church last Sunday
evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. I. N. Lodoen and fam
lily were dinner guests at the Carl Oh
son home on Sunday last.
Miss Anna Peterson, who is teaching
near Argyle, spent Saturday at the
home Of her sister, Mrs. Henry Back
strom.
Miss Tice, who is teaching near AL
varado, visited the Thompson home on
Saturday and Sunday.
Miss Oberg has been visiting here
for the past week, being guest at
the Thompson and Oberg homes.
Mr.. and Mrs. f. e. Dahlgren, Mrs. G..
Anderson and Mrs. H. Backstrom visit
ed Grand Forks Friday
Rev. Lundgren left for Adams, N. D.,
Saturday morning, returning Monday
evening 4
Selma Peterson left Wednesday ev-
ening for the Nyblawd farm, where she
spent Thanksgiving. She returned
Monday morning
Mr.. and Mrs. Bill Gillespie and son,
Of Warren, visited at the Lars Hallin
home on Thursday.
Herman Magnuson left for Mime
apolis Saturday evening.
Mr. and Mrs. Walgren and children,
of spooner, are visiting at the Henry
Peterson home.
Emma BlOmsness was home from
Grand Forks for Thanksgiving.
Judith Porten and Alys Johnson, who
are attending school at Moorhead spent
Thanksgiving at their homes
Viola Johnson, Ellen Bergman and
Ollie Porten were home for Thanksgiy-
ing.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lars Hallin were din
ner guests at the Charley Erickson
home on Thanksgiving.
MI. and Mrs. Paul Dagoberg spent
= Thanksgiving at Warren
Miss Louise Dagoberg left for War
rem Wednesday, returning Thursday.
Albert Kagg's entertained the follow
ing people at a supper Sunday evening
Mr.. and Mrs B. Sundin and family,
MIR. and Mrs. Nels Lodoen and daugh-
ter, Florence Peterson, Mr. and Mrs.
Willie Gunderson and family, and Mr..
and Mrs. Emil Johnson and family.
Florence Berg spent her Thanksgiv-
ing vacation at her home.
George and Conrad Lodoan, VIM.
Bjorklund and Fred Sands were home
for Thanksgiving vacation
Miss Huldah Gustafson left Wednes-
day evening for Viking, returning Sun
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Phillips entertained Mr..
and Mrs. Neujahr and son at a Thanks
giving dinnor 5--#ys+z
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-12-05
q ~ ag5Nf-3a7 z !.
AlvaradO Red Cross Notes.

IS The ladies met at the fire hall Tues
day and packed fourteen Xmas boxes.
The members We're very busy making
candy In the morning. Many good
things were included in the boxes.
The meeting at the fire hall next
Tuesday will be the last before Xmas.
The meetings after that will be held in
the new school house.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-12-05
baptist Church OF Vega.
C. III. EKRLAD Pastor

Sunday, Dec g: Sunday school at
1890 ne and preaching service at, l1:15 a.
The Ladies' Aid meets at the home
Of Mrs. Matthias Peterson, at Warren,
Tuesday Dec. II. at 1880 p. M.
all. 1.- -
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-12-05
An Engine That Digests
j Grade Gas and Makes
HIGH Power Out Of 1t


The thing about the great Chalmers engine that
counts the fact that It actually diqess the gas fed to
It land loW-grade gas especially:
Everyone knows now that the grade Of gasoline
IS on the decline, and that probably high grade gas
even the gas Of year ago, will come back.
And like who has been high grade diet and
IS suddenly given a low-grade diet, many engines
IN automobiles now have gasoline indigestion.
: The Chalmers engine dlgests gas probably
engine ever before has done. t makes high power
out Of loW-grade gas.
Il makes gasoline work harder than gasoline ever
worked before.
Anyone who knows anything about an engine
knows that the everlasting riddle has been get the
gas in just exactly 1909 condition Of vapor the
combustion chamber before ignition.
The great Chalmers engine has accomplished this,
far any engine probably will be able do,
BY means OF two clever devices.
, One hot spot feature which heats and breaks
up the gas after tleayes the carburetor and beforet
gets the intake manifold The other is the s.
horn manifold that, by means Of its easy air
bends, sends the gas to the combustion chamber
+ Wel-nigh perfect
=. Hence, more power out Of less gas. !.
On cold day remarkably quick results IN starting
are obtained.
No longera 1O-nnute fight with your engine. And
the Chalmers engine starts runs smoothly
and delivers power quickly.
Often.cars take ten minutes Of running to warm
them up
But not with the current Chalmers
And # you weren't shreWd Judge Of an automo-
bile, you might overlook some Of the other notable
features Of the current Chalmers, great has become
the achievements Of its engine.
Go down to our salesroom and let us show you the
Chalmers engine and the perfection Of the
Chalmers.
SS,5 ss Ss 81 'R
AlVdradO Garage
DAHL S7ROM e MELLv, Props.
AIYdrddO Minnesota
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-12-05

sw. Luth Church Of Alvarado.
j. W.LUNDGREN. Pastor
q Services next Sunday as follows:
1880 p. m. sH l@.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-12-05

| to Wisconsin.
The Farmers Club meets next Fri
day evening, Dec. 18th. The main sub
Iject at this meeting will be debate
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-12-05

John Boscher. of Crookston. was
here on business between trains Wed
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20
FIGHT TO ORGANIZE.
Formation of Labor Unions by Work.
mon Generally Recognized.

1t was a surprise to many people to
read the announcement from Washing
ton that In the supreme court suits
have been docketed from West Vir-
ginia to test the right Of men to organ
ize labor unions. No particulars have
been vouchsafed, but the statement is
clearly made that such is the purpose
of the litigation.
The right of labor to organize for Its
own benefit and for the promotion Of
its purposes has been conceded on all
hands. Even is such right given q
quasi recognition in the special exemp-
ton In its favor in the Clayton act.
The disfavor with which the law looks
upon combinations of all kinds is not
extended to labor unions, and these or
CARNATIONS, Endorsed by statutory reg
ulation, always have had standing In
court 1t will be singular and sur
prise II at this time doubt is thrown
upon the right Of workmen to organize.
There is no reason In fact, IL there
should be found one in law, why labor
should not bind together for every
proper and legitimate purpose, even
when that purpose is to enforce its de-
mands for higher compensation and
certainly when the purpose Is to secure
more favorable working conditions.
All such demands are subject to the
same rule Of reason and justice that
would be applied In every other case,
and the public is prompt to weigh and
pass judgment 1t is question always
whether they are justified by condi-
tions, equitable and therefore attain,
able. Public opinion is an infallible
court OF appeal In such cases, and its
Endorsement seldom fails to mean sue
cess.
The public has but single standard
Of Justice. and 1t applies 1t without
prejudice and partisanship.--S Paul
Pioneer Press.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

The next annual convention Of the
American Federation will be held al
Buffalo.
Amalgamated Clothing Workers of
America demand a So increase and a
forty-eight hour week.
The American Federation of Labor
has again pledged answering support
to the eight hour movement.
Cabo-Rojo, Porto Rico, has a Confec-
toners union affiliated with the labor
movement of the United States.
Mayor Elect Thomas Van Lear Of
Minneapolis, Mimi, is an international
organizer for the Machinists' union.
About 1900 union men paraded in
New York recently to express sym
pathy for strikers who are In jail III
Minnesota awaiting trial for rioting.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20
Shortage of Labor.

Chicago faces shortage In common
Nbor, according to the inspection de-
)artment of the Illinois state employ.
nent agency. and Canal street, near
Madison, one of the greatest markets
Tor common labor in the United States,
Is slowly being deserted by employ
ment agents who for years congregated
in that locality. Instead Of men pay.
ing for positions, 1t was said that rail-
roads and other big employers were
hiring agents to go out and search for
men. Railroad laborers are receiving
practically double the wages which
prevailed few years ago, according TO
officials of the state agency.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20
THE EIGHT HOUR DAY.

o The workers cannot afford to
o purchase the eight hour day at !
o the price of their freedom and !
Q of their rights, particularly (
. when there is better and surer 4
O road open to ALL
o When the workers secure the .
o eight hour work day by their (
o economic power it is even be- (
o yond the power Of the courts to I
q declare it unconstitutional or to (
Q make such success an instru- I
o ment for injustice or tyranny. (
o Men of labor, let US organize, (
. unite, federate solidly and con- (
D centrate our efforts for the eight (
. hour day and for justice and
o freedom.-Samuel Gompers.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

What 10 considered to be the number
of words generally used by the average
man of intelligence with an average ed
ucation?
The matter is much disputed, but the
consensus is not over 5000 and proba
bly, less. 1t has been estimated that
the average person gets along with
vocabulary of 700 words.
What 10 the difference between an
heir apparent and an heir presumptIve7
An heir apparent is of so close re-
lationship to his ancestor that no per
son could be born who would be in any
closer relationship-for instance, ia
ther and son. An heir presumptive Is
the living person most closely related
to the ancestor, but not so closely re
lated that child could not be born
more closely related-for instance, an
unmarried male orphan and his only
brother. In this case the unmarried
male orphan may always marry, and IL
he should have a child by such mar
riage his brothers heirship would be
defeated.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

Please tell me what this word Copsr-r
nicus means.
Nicholas Copernicus was the founder
of modern astronomy. He was born
In Poland In 1913. His father was a
Pole, and his mother was a German.
He went to the university at Cracow,
where he studied medicine, theology,
mathematics and astronomy. Later he
devoted his whole attention to astron-
omy and developed the "Copernican"
system, which is the one now univer-
sally accepted. 1t regards the sun as
the center Of the solar system and the
planets, of which the earth is one, as
revolving around 1t, while around the
majority Of these primary one or more
secondary orbs, known as moons, re-
volve. The first stars are regarded as
suns, each with its own planetary sys-
tenn.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20
Which became an American posses
sion first, Hawaii or Porto Rico2

sIuH fEFstI FsaWaII OF FuFto HIcoT
Hawaii was annexed to the United
States by act Of congress of July Z,
1893, and was made territory and
customs district by act of April 80,
1900, which took effect June ii. 1900.
Porto Rico was taken possession Of by
the United States Oct, is, 1893, and re
ceived a civil government and was
made customs district by act of April
IL, 1900. to take effect May /, 1900.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

To settle an argument please give
text of provision in The Hague confer
ence rules with regard to invasion of
neutral territory.
The Hague conference of 1899 adopt
ed the following: "Belligerents are
forbidden to move troops or conveys of
either munitions of war or supplies
across the territory of neutral pow
err" Another rule states: "a belliger-
ent party which violates the provisions
of the said regulations shall, If the
case demands, be liable to pay compen-
sation. 1t shall be responsible for all
acts committed by persons forming
part of its armed forces"
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

Publish short sketch and list of any
notable painting by Russian painter
who went down in the sinking of bat
tIeship. The name is quite long, begins
with "Ver' and ends with "in,' and
the name of the battIeship, if remem-
Der correctly, was similar to PavoI-
optkin. His paintings were usually of
war scenes similar to Meissonier.
Vassili Verestchagin, Russian mill
tary painter, was born at Cherepovets,
in Novgorod, In 1912. He studied I'M
der Gerome in Paris. He was present
with the Russian troops in the war
against Boghara in 1867 and in the
Russo-Turkish war of 1877; was In the
Shipka pass at the siege Of Plevna and
was secretary to General Skobeleff
during the negotiations of peace at
San Stefano Thereafter with the
brush he preached peace by painting
such terrible subjects as 1.-THE Apothe-
osis of War;" pyramid of skulls. ded-
icated ito all conquerers, past, present
and to come" and THE Street Of
Plevna." In 1901 he was. with the
United States army in the Philippines,
and the result was series of battle
pictures of that campaign. verestcha-
gins last visit to the United States
was In 1902, when he also went to
Cuba to make sketches of the battle
grounds of the Spanish-American war,
later painting series representing
those scenes which he exhibited In.
New York. Verestchagin persisted In
the Pelropavloysk outside Port Arthur
on April 4. 1904.
Why cannot American ships carry
freight as cheaply as foreign ships?
Greater cost of building and higher
wages may make some difference.
Will you please answer how many
commissioned and also how many non
commissioned officers were on the
Maine when it was blown up7
There were twenty-six commissioned
and noncommissioned officers attached
tc the Maine at the time. Twenty-Five
OF these officers were on board when
ihe explosion occurred. and four of
Lem were on shore Two of the off,
hrs We're killed and twenty saved.
Send Us Your Job Printing.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

Wac Benedict Arnold considered one
of thu most able generals America has
had before he committed treason7 Just
which battles did he win, and what 9TH
or credit 10 due him7 mean, of course,
before he betrayed his country.
Benedict Arnold was competent
and resourceful, but not brilliant
general. He was more noted for phys
ical strength and bravery than for any
especial skill as military strategist.
His gallantry was first displayed on
the Heights of Abraham, near Quebec,
and he was commissioned a brigadier
general. He created feet, armed and
manned and commanded it in battle on
Lake Champlain; later defeated the
British at Ridgefeld, Conn. He served
with distinction in the first battle of
Saratoga and decided the second bat
tie, where he was wounded. He was
appointed commander of Philadelphia
in 1779 and In 1870 was tried before
court martial on various charges and
feprimanded by Washington. In the
same year he was appointed com,
mander of West Point and shortly
Rfterward planned with the British the
surrender of that place
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20
MADE IN AMERICA"
What's the Use?

Why not pledge yourself to
use MADE In America"
goods exclusively?
American artisans can
equal the handiwork of any
other country.
There's. no reason why
prices should be higher and
many reasons for keeping
the money at home.
The biEic rs that 60 to Eu-
rope will now keep all
American workmen en-
ployed. You do your part.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

What is a ship subsidy?
Anything In the way of an appro-
priation, grant, bounty or rebate grant
ed or allowed without service being
rendered therefor.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

In what states can first cousins
marry?
In any state except the following:
Arizona, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana,
Kansas, Missouri, Nevada, New Hamp-
shire, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma,
Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota,
Washington and Wyoming and the
territory of Alaska.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

The knoxville Independent
GEO W. FORD, EDITOR.
718 GAY STREET.
OFFICE PHONE (OLD) -------296
RESIDENCE PHONE (OLD)----6s6
d }
wl1a6ss
c.
Entered at the postoffice at Knox
vile, Tenn, as second-class matter.
Subscription Rates, by mail, one
year, $1.00; six months, so cents;
three months, rs cents; single copies,
2 cents.
mo men living are more worthy to
be trusted than those who toll up from
poverty, none less inclined to take or
touch aught which they have not hon
esrly earned. Abraham Lincoln.
UNITED MINE WORKERS. OF
AMERICA.
District IL.
Headquarters. knoxville, Tenn.
Room Az henson biug., wal Ave.
ana frlnce st. Ola Fnone ool.
/. j. smith see.
GraysVllle, Tenn.
". d. Lynch --------V lve- President
JelIco. Tenn,
,,,,',.o " 49," o'"A Coo
'
IN lkAtNAllUiNfALk BOARD AlkAaIikh
tonn jeffrey ....... PlLLSDurg ny
i, GInNS Won1nr,nga I mn
Rlcnard Lowe ------brlcevl4Ie. Tenn,
TnA Lyhch ..'.''.''. 'oouuy' IeAh'
49, " ntta tast Harm.I,nt ~
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

How is Germany divided? How and
when did Hamburg become free city?
Are there any other cities in Germany
that are free7 How are the free cities
governed? Do the people of free cities
have to take part in the war;
The German empire is made up of
four kingdoms, six grand duchies. sew
en- principalities, three free Hanse cities
and the "Reichsland" of Alsace- Lor-
raine. Hamburg has been free city
since early medieval times and was
one of the founders of the Hanseatic
League of Free Cities In the thirteenth
century The other free cities of Ger
many, both dating back, with Ham
burg, to the medieval Hanse league,
are Bremen and Lubbock AS integral
parts of the empire these cities are, OF
course, bound to take their part In the
war. The free cities are self govern
ing, as are the other German states,
except In matters which have to do
with the empire as whole, which are
taken up by the representative parlia-
ment and the kaiser A small amount
of rural territory attaches to each of
the Hanse towns.
Will you please tell mo the meaning
and derivation of the words chauvin-
ism and chauvinist?
A chauvinist is one who Is absurdly
Jealous of his country's honor or pulled
up with an exaggerated sense of ma
tional glory. The words "chauvinist'
and "chauvinism" are taken from the
name of Nicolas Chauvin, a soldier OF
Napoleon, who was so notorious for
his exaggerated and demonstrative de-
votion to the imperial cause that he
was caricatured on the stage, and his
name came to stand for all people who
work mischief by their unreasoning,
hascible and vainglorious patriotism.
aenA - vssR - Ssfaszns.
We do Job Printing at Fair Prices.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

/. j. smith ..... President
GraysVllIe, Tenn.
". d. Lynch --------V lve- President
JellIc0. Tenn,
4. 4. Gam ....... Secretary Treas
knoxville, Tenn,
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20

What 10 the difference between an
ambassador extraordinary and plenipo-
Tertiary and an envoy extraordinary
and minister plenipotentiary7 What is
the difference between an embassy and
q legation?
Diplomatic agents are In three class
es-frst ambassadors, legates and nun
clos; second, ENJOYS and ministers;
third, charges d'affaires. An ambassa-
dor Is thus the highest diplomatic off,
cial sent from one country to another,
and a minister Is an agent of the next
lower rank. The ambassador repre-
sents not only the state from which he
is sent, but the person of his sover-
eign and Is entitled to ask an audi
ence at any time, to rank next the
blood royal and to be held exempt,
with his household, from local juris-
diction. Envoy extraordinary and
minister plenipotentiary" is the full
title of the diplomatic agent of the Sec
ond CLASS, who represents only the
state and not the person of its ruler.
Charges d'affaires are lesser represent
atives and must deal with the minister
Of foreign affairs of the country to
which they are sent. Embassy and le-
cation are generally synomous terms.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-01-20
UNITED MINE WORKERS OF
AMEkICA.
district 10.

Headquarters. knoxville, Tenn.
Room Az henson blag., wal Ave.
ana frlnce st. Ola Fnone 8ol.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1917-12-21

heart. in administrative details, it is true, there
have been regrettable and sometimes deplorable
shortcomings Wherever these the result of
negligence or of any kind of incompetence, the
fact should be established and due steps taken to
prevent their recurrence But who that looks
fairly upon the record of the last eight months can
withhold approval of the Governments seneral
course and hearty admiration for its total of
achievements? The fact is the United States has
done marveousy we'll for nation confessedly I'M
prepared for war. Beginning with a bare nucleus
of an army and with machinery for raising one,
it has mustered upwards of a million men to the
colors; has placed large contingents of troops in
France, Transporting them across three thousand
miles of without loss or mishap; has inau-
gurated for all these soldiers and for those to be
called, as we'll as for the sailors, system of wise
and benefcent war Insurance.; has made the navy
incompara6ly stronger in its enlistc~ personnel
and number of ships, and also has made it felt with
telling effect in the campaign against U-boats as
we'll in the successful conveying of troop trans
ports. These but the abe of the far-reaching
and crowded war program which the Administra-
ton has put effectively under way. Well may we
be proud of a Government and country and
people that bring such things to pass.
This does not mean, to be sure, that we can
rest for a moment what has been accomplished,
for that is mere beginning of what must be done.
1t does not mean that there should be any mini
MIXING of mistakes and incompetencies or any hes
itancy to overhaul any, department where there is
need The present Investigations by Congress are
timely. Conducted in the proper spirit they will
be exceedingly helpful. And as evidence of Con-
gress' desire for the most vigorous and most eff
cient prosecution of the possible, they pecu
liarly welcome. Let there be the part of
Congress and of the country, however, that inves-
LEGATIONS shall always be thoughtful and that crit
icism shall always be constructive. This will save
much useless recrimination and many brainstorms.
1t might be possible to dine man during the
war but hardly to wine him, too.