davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
Devout Christian Woman Selv-
cd In Many Fields.
ExERTED WIDE INFLUENCE
Wife Of Dr.. Robert e. Jones Passes
Away 1t New Orleans After Six
Months IIIness--Was Notable Figure
In Religious, Educational and Civic
Life Of City and State.
Nv v. 2. THOMAS.


New Orleans. - Mrs. Valena Jones,
nee Macarthur, wife of DR.. Robert e.
Jones, editor Of the Southwestern
Christian Advocate, who died IN this
city in January. was one OF the most
widely known Christian women in New
Orleans and the south. Mrs. Jones had
been i'll for the past six months. Al
though she suffered greatly, she bore
it with noble Christian forttude, en-
employing exalted faith in Jesus
Christ.
In witness of the warm affection In
which the deceased was held beautiful
floral offerings in abundance were sent
by individuals, churches, clubs and
various societies. Mrs. Jones was a
Jealous church worker, capable as
public schoolteachcr, model and low
able wife, mother and friend. Funeral
services were held at Trinity church.
It was the largest gathering that has
assembled to pay tribute to the memory
of any person at New Orleans for many
years.
Among the noted men who offered
touching tributes Of respect were DIR.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
OSKALOOSA, IOWA.

Mrs. Effie Weeks an daughter, Miss
perths, left Saturday for their home in
Chicago. 1key were guests in the
home of Mrs. Weeks mother. Mrs
Fannie Wilson-Smith.
Master Carl Brown, several days ago
hurt his hand and at this writing is
causing him much pain.
W. C. Coleman is much improved.
Mrs. Arthur Brown is suffer of
neuralgia.
Mrs. Mary Washington Rose of Des
Moines is visiting her mother, Mrs.
Ida Wortbington on N. F. street.
Miss Mable Washington and fathe .
have returned from Rock Island, ILL.,,
and will make this their future home.
Mr.. Chas Adams is out again.
Friday night the revival meetings at
Shorter A. M. E. church close. The
evangelist, Mrs. A. Coleman, leaves
Saturday morning for Fuxton. She
brings the message which she explai 8
beautifully. All those who attended
these meetings the past three weeks
express themselves much benefited
spiritually.
Frank Bush was able to be out Tues
day afternoon little while.
When vest gets too old, ragged and
dirty for wearing purposes, what should
be done with it? Why pass it to the
Mothers club. to help make comfort
tops; understand.
The revival meetings are we'll attend
ed.
Mrs. Molle Ringo is much improved;
still indoors.
Mrs. Hattie Coleman, the evangelist,
was a guest in the home Of Mr.. and
Mrs. Paul hrown, the last week of her
stay in the city. She leaves Saturday
for Buxton, return CALL
Mr.. Alonzo Adams has returned and
has employment at the Hotel Lacey.
Tuesday Feb. 18th was the regular
meeting of Esther chapter, y. E S.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chas. Wilson of Ottum-
wa celebrated their 9Th wedding ami
versary Thursday, Feb. 9Th at the
home of Mrs. Wilson'S parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Ed Jones. Only home folks
present.
Mrs. Frank Allen is fealing fine since
her recent illness.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
For a Bilious Attack.

When you have a severe headache,
accompanied by coated tongue,
loathing of food, constipation, torpid
liver, vomiting of partly digested
food and then bile, you may know that
you have a severe bilious attack.
While you may be quite sick there is
much consolation in knowing that re-
lief may be had by taking three Of
Chamberlain's Tablets. They are
prompt and effectual. Obtainable
everywhere. 4 -. =
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
A GREAT LEADER Is NEEDED.

A GREAT LEADER Is NEEDED.
In this great age, where the strug-
gle for commercial greed and selfish
ambition is upmost, the American peo-
pie are greatly in need of real leader
in whom all Americans could have
confidence. 1t is also true that the
American Negro needs today true
and trusted leader. We need an hon.
est leader who will dare to stand out
for right, justice and equalityIn all
places and ut all times. Leaders
whose vision of the needs of human
ity knows no color line, whose concep-
ton is that based upon that broad
principle of the brotherhood Of man
and the fatherhood of God. What we
need is a real leader who is broad
enough and liberal enough to see our
faults and shortcomings and bold
enough to tell us of them. One who
can see the Anglo-Saxon faults and
tell him about them. Such man the
world is waiting for and we need him.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
A GOOD BUSINESS VENTURE.

In another part OF this paper Will De
found an advertisement where the four
Spencer brothers have consumated a
plan to organize themselves into a
corporation to do contracting work in
cement, with general headquarters in
Mason City and branch Offices in
Grinnell and Jacksonville, III. This
is the first attempt to organize a
strong corporation for contract work
of this nature by our race in the great
middle west, and we hope that every
loyal race man will encourage and
give this firm all of your work. The
Spencer brothers are natural born
men for cement work, as their father
for fifty years followed that trade in
Jacksonville, ILL.,, and was considered
the best in that section of Illinois.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
Severe Cold Quickly Cured.

"On December first I had a very Sc
we're cold or attack Of the grip as it
may be, and was nearly down sick in
bed" writes o. J. Metcalf, Weather.
by, Mo. 81 bought two bottles Of
Chamberlain's Cough Remedy and it
was only a few days until I was COM
pletely restored to health. I firmly
believe that Chamberlain's Cough
Remedy is one Of the very best medi-
cines and will know what to do when
I have another cold" Obtainable
everywhere. H. ~.' ..s.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

The strongest recommendation any
article may receive is favorable word
from the user. 1t is the recommends
tons of those who have used it that
makes Chamberlain's Cough Remedy
so popular. Mrs. Amanda Gierhart,
Waynesfield, Ohio, writes, "Chamber-
lain's Cough Remedy has been used in
my family off and on for twenty years
and it has never failed to cure a
cough or cold" Obtainable every
where.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
Prooer Bestowal Of Charity.

Proper Bestowal Of Charity.
Dickens: There are not few among
mo disciples OF charity who require
Ia their vocation. scarcely less exotic
nent than the votaries o. pleasure In
theirs; ard hence it is that diseased
y mpathy and compassion are ever,
lay extended on out-of-the way Oh
tects, when only too mahy denand'
upon the ,csi,im3'e exercise Of tns
same virtues in a healthy state ar.
constantly within the sight and lea,
INK Of the most unobscrvnnt perso,
alive IN short. charity must nave II
rouance, ~ the nove:L. Or ths bic'
<riSnt NuSi tAve hl3
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

Advertising rates for display ads
P5 cents per inch, for each insertion.
Three to six months contracts, 10
cents per inch. Local advertising
10 cents per line for each insertion,
counting seven words to line. For
churches and sscret societies where
admission is charged, one-half Of
the aforementioned rates. For pro-
fessional, legal and announcement
cards, yearly contracts, etc., terms
are given on application. All ad-
vertising is to be paid in advance.
We are prepared to do first class
job work at reasonable prices An
of our work is guaranteed.
NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Communications must be written
on one side Of the paper only and
be of interest to the public. "Brev-
ity is the SOU: of wit" remember.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
CARTOONS.

Recently The Bystander has made
a contract with one of the largest car
toon companies, the international Car
toon Co. of New York, to furnish us
with weekly cartoons to change the
monotone of our paper and give it
some humor. We hope that our read
ers will appreciate it and that it may
become one of the new added features
to The Bystander.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
No More us.A Lace tss AS0nanA.

No Mvfo 10sd Lace vov AS0ne"ss
The ameer has published an sdid
shIch applies to al parts Of Afyhs1
,stan. prohibiting the import into IN
country Of all kinds OF god lace. 10
Guiding embroidered kullss 'nngis and
embroidered shoes. The Ameer ~ ~
identity acruated by n desire to prevent
ais subjects from spending their harl
earned money on snowy dress. II 70
the poorer classes who are notori
ously addicted to this extravaganza
which his majesty has decided u
check The gold laced eoat OF tn
Afshsn 10 decidedly handsome, and a
thous h the ameer has acted wisely II
brirs Ing int general use clothing less
costly. his majssty's orders will doubt
less be received by his subjects yto
,stt.er mixed feelinRa
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
GREAT SECRETS.

Black Arts, Roots, Herbs, Mirrors,
Bones, Hands, Loadstones, Magnetic
Sand, Horoscopes, Receipts, Treasure
Secrets, Etc. To each person sendi"g
lOc for particulars, l will send free in
structions, disclosing how one may &C.
quire luck and success and avoid evil
influences. Address R. d. Wester,
Box 13l, Montgomery, Ala,
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
Subscribe for The Bystander.


A'Sov SfsTs~
4 Kouai rsmeny e,v sleepi sssness l.
10 vel q towel Ind apply To the baol
n the neck. pressing It hard ~
ssalnst the base Of the brain ant
fastening over this cloth to prevsn
700 rapid evaporation. The effect WI
b prompt and pleanant, cooling tn
brain and inducing . sweet and peace
eul slumber. Warm waite: Is bette
tl.an cold for tho purpose. This rsmA
" will prove useful to people su6sS
ink from ovsrwork sxtatsmsat g ~
IT
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
For That Terrible Itching.

Eczema, letter and salt rheum keep
their victims in perpetual torment.
The application of Chamberlain's
Salve will instantly allay this itching,
and many cases have been cured by
it's use. For sale by all dealers.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
IoMpsoN, EDITOR

Published every Friday by the BY
stander Publishing Company, Des
MONIES, Iowa. Office in Chemical
building, corner Seventh and Null.
berry streets. Phone, alnut 800.
Official paper of the M. w. u. Grand
Lodge of Iowa, A. F. & A. M, and
international Grand Congress Of
Heroines of Jericho Of America,
and Western Baptist Association.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16
TERMS or SUBSCRIPTION,

One year
Six months ..... 10
Three months ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. .50
We will not return rejected manu-
script, unless accompanied by post
age stamps.
Send money by postoffice order
money order, express or draft, to The
Bystander Company.
All subscriptions payable in ad-
vance.
This notice applies to all writes
contributors, agents and correspond
ents. Sign all articles, write onl!
upon one side of paper, write a plan
hand and. spell accurately. DO no
send in names of persons at 2artles
or receptions nor send in programs
to BE- published before or after thu
event. Do not give an eulogy o.
write your personal comment upo'
the event. Simply tell the news o.
event in a brief, simple manner ant
let the readers Of The Bystande1
comment. Write the news of al
classes, all societies, all religious de
nomina tons, irrespective OF your
persona whims or ideas.
:. The iowa State Bystander is tht
oldest Afro-American journal pub
lished IL Iowa. It was established
in. 1894, and is read by nearly al
the colored people Of Iowa. W.
have correspondents in the following
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

Entered at the postofacs a. Sec
ond class matter.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

I'M SIssnt Bac II IN 0isksIo fai q
Mssd.spss WIN "a BS q, I ,,as
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

Subscribe and pay for The By
,tander.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

Look for the collector. Don't dodge
him. &@..&.,,.. -. ~
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

q " nS q y q. y y q - NJ Neathsrl astl
~ 4 ", IS,iyeu at heE
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-02-16

n 1cr6l - me neg Go1 dentistfS
germany that III md vide commit
4 has been formed to supervise the,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
WHAT IS GOING
ON in GERMANY
AS Told by the Newspapers We
Get From the Teutonlc Empires
and Neutral Nations.
SWALLOWS HARDWARE TO
KEEP FROM TRENCHES.

To avoid the "hen Of the fighting
lines a German who in civil life has
been a sword swallower utilized his
old occupation as a means Of getting
himself declared insane, as described
by Berlin yorwaerts:
Macmillan Helm, who in peace
times earned a considerable income
as a professional sword swallower,
had. while undergoing three days pre-
|liminary imprisonment pending trial
flor fraud, caused numerous articles
in his cell to disappear mysteriously
1.-THE most miscellaneous objects
such as knives, forks, pieces of iron
and SO forth, vanished one after an
other. Before long the man was
taken i'll, and had to be transported
to the inf1rmary, where he was sub
jected to an operation, which resulted
in the missing articles being extracted
from his stomach.
t"On regaining consciousness Helm
confessed that he had utilized his ex-
perience as a sword swallower to
convince the prison medical authori-
ties that he was Of unsound mind.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
GRAND FORKS DISTRICT DRAFT
NUMBERS DRAWN AE' TER FIRST
OUOTAOF 458 HAD BEEN FILLED

The Herald herewith prints the n
tire draft list for Grand Forks
ty district, following the first quota Of
458 called up for examination and ex-
emptions from the first complete list
received in the city. This list is care
fully audited from the Associated
Press copy filed at the Chicago head
quarters and is as nearly correct as
careful compiling and te~legraphing
can make it. There may still be a
few errors. but these can be correct
ed only when the official lists are re-
ceived from the government printing
ofice in washington.
The list herewith begins with the
seth number drawn for Grand Forks
county, the numbers n names OF
the 458 in the first quota having al
ready been printed in full.
This compilation has been made In
the order in which the numbers have
been drawn and arranged in blocks of
one hundred for convenience in COM
piling into tabular form. Where
there were omissions in the first
checking these nave been added to
the end of each block OF M hun
dred'' so as to not necessitate the re-
vision Of the entire series. This COM
pilation will be but little changed by
any future official lists and in general
will acquaint registered men with
the order in which they will be called
when a latter quota is demanded by
the government.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
TROOPS TO
Use ARTILLERY
OF THE FRENCH
Not Enough American Guns
for Force Going to Front
Next Year.

Washington, July 24.-American
armies in Europe are to be supplied
with large field guns from French
gun factories. according to an N
~nouncement by the war department.
THE supply Of guns Of American
manufacture which we have on hand,
or rapidly approaching completion"
says a statement issued by the depart
ment, "is sufficient for equipping all
the troops which we can send abroad
in the first few months Of the war,
but it is not sufficient, and cannot
quickly be made sufficient, to supply
the troops which should follow these,
nor to leave, at home any proper num-
Der Of batteries for training new
troops which are to be raised, both
for augmenting the forces sen abroad
and for keeping up their requirement.
Under these circumstances a solu-
ton has been found which, fortunate
ly, will go far toward meeting the
Ting ever since the Spanish war. The
gun factories Of France have been
highly developed and have been
equipped for an output meeting the
requirements Of the large armies
which the devotion and sacrifice OF
the French people have put in the
field.
Tin the matter of machining and
assembling guns and carriages, as dis
tinct from the manufacture Of the
steel out of which they are made,
tanned in France, which is now avail
able for other than their own neces-
sites and car be used for bridging
over the gap in supply occasfoned by
our own greatly increased demands,
which would otherwise have to exist
until our newly created capacity
should be in proper operation.
The Ordnance Department has
taken advantage Of this opening and
has placed with the French govern
ment orders for the manufacture Of
an initial supply Of field pieces of the
most necessary types, and Of the most
thoroughly demonstrated efficiency.
namely, the rs nm. gun and the 1855
nm. Howitzer (about 8 inches and
6 inch respectively in c%alibre).
"As a good deal Of the steel produc-
Of the enemy the {orgtngs for these
field pieces will probably come from
this country.
"As this artillery can be promptly
furnished to the American troops in
Europe, and as 1t Is desirable and
practicable to have uniformity OF ann
munition supplies. the guns now on
hand will be kept in this country for
the training of our troops, and the
ammunition for them will be expend-
led in the necessary target practice.
All future manufactures of these par
ticular field pieces in this country will
also be OF the French calibres, which
are practically the am as our own,
ialthough the guns will in other re-
spects probably conform to our own
designs. which are modern and satis-
Ifactory.o
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24

rice, oatmeal and rolled oats. fodder
and feeds oil cakes and oil cake
meal, malt. peanuts. ~
Meats and fats, poultry. cottonseed
oil, corn oil, copra; c~ocoanuts, butter,
fish, dried, canned or fresh.
"Grease-Inedible or edible or ani-
NAL or vegetable origin; linseed oil,
lard, meats. all varieties. timed milk,
peanut oil and butter, rapeseed oil,
tailow, tallow candles, stearic acid
Notwithstanding manure. shred
ded, nitrate or soda, p~oudrette, potato
manure, potassium salts, land plaster,
potash, cyanamide, phosphoric acid,
phosphate rock, luperphoshate, chlor-
ate potash, bone meal. bone -four,
ground bone, dried blood, ammonia
and ammonia. salts, acid phosphate,
guano, humus, hardwood ashes, SCOT,
sheep manure, pulverized, anhydrous
ammonia. .
Arms, ammunition and explosives;
nitrate Of potash, rosin, sulphur, salt
peter, turpentine."
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS
DISCHARGES PACIFIST

Pacifsm has caused the official de-
capitation of another university pro-
fessor. &
Professor Lindley Miller Keasbey,
dear of economics and political scfene
of the University Of Texas, announced
yesterday he had been dismissed by
the Board OF Regents because Of his
activities in pacifist circles in New
York. He was one Of the organizers
of a lnass meeting held May 80 at
Madison Square Garden. ts
The announcement Of his dismissal
from the university was contained In
a resolution adopted by the regents
which aseerted that 'for the best In
terests of the university DR.. Keasbey
10 removed from his position" He is
the author Of many works IN interna-
tional Jaw. He received part Of his
education at the Kaiser Wilhelm Uni
versity. in strassburg, from which he
received a degree in 1892. He Is fifty
wears old. III
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
NOT TO BE

Jack Tar and his Sal were up in
front of the parson. On being asked
the usual question, wilt thou have
this woman. etc? Jack answered II
'ull." You must say I WILL cor
rected the parson, and repeated the
question.
II 'ull," responded Jask, more firm
ly than ever.
The irate Clergyman threatened to
stop the service altogether if the re-
Spouse was not properly given. That
was too much for Sally who broke In
quite savagely, Look a-here! Thee'll
ave our Jack sayin' e won't in a min
ute If we keep on badgerin'."
The service was resumed.-Boston
Transcript
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
FUEL AND
ARMS ON NEW
EMBARGO ORDER

Washington, July 24.-A new Off
.cial list OF all the articles for which
export licenses now are required was
promulgated yesterday by the exports
council, which said the tabu1ation
stsupersedes an unauthorized and i'm
correct statement hitherto published"
The new complete list follows:
Coal, coke, fuel oils, ~lubricatng
oil, benzol, headlantern oil, toluo1,
naptha, benzine, red oil, kerosene and
gasoline, including bunkers.
Stood grains, -four and meal there
from, corn -four. barley, rice -four,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
FRIENDs HEID FAMIIY,

Reeder, N. D., July 24-Neighbors
congregated at the home Of a friend
where Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Schroeder
were living following the complete de-
s%truction by fire Of their country
dwelling house and al its contents,
and showered the unfortunate couple
with furniture, clothing, groceries and
provisions sufficient to carry them
over the critical harvest period.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24

He added that he preferred a nou
sand times being sent to una
asylum for life to being drafted lnpO
.the hell Of the fighting lines
LET us hope that when, at q e1-
piration in Ave years line oI
sentence imposed on him, Helm re-
gains his liberty, that fhell' Of which
he stands in dread may have disap-
peared from the face OF the earth
nMRs.n MAY BE USED ,BY
WOMEN ENGAGED TO MARRY.
Women engaged to marry soldiers
at the front, or who were engaged
to marry deceased soldiers may style
themselves, Frau" according to the
Kreuzzeitqng:
women engaged to be married to.
men at the front, or who We're the
betrothed Of soldiers reported missing
or killed, nave now been legally
authorized by the government OF
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to style them
selves Frau (Mrs.). It is expressly
stated, however, in the ducal decree,
that this concession to betrothed
women does not carry with 1t the
legal rights OF q Mrs in the same
way as though the woman were really
married.
'sThe title does not confer any
rights to the widows or orphans.
maintenance funds nor to n chart
ties for which married women or
widows are eligible. Moreover, should
they have any children these Will
continue to be considered as illegiti-
mate"
.-AEE rlEAFI HsH..
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24
IT'S YOUR KIDNEYS

You have swollen feet and handst
Stir. achy jointst Sharp-shooting, rheul
matte pains torture you. You have
aching back, pain in the lower abdomen.
difffcuity when urfnatfngi Look Quit
These are danger signals. Trouble h
with your kidneys. Uric acid POISONING.
in one form or another. has set In. III
may lead to dropsy or fatal Brightss d.
Get some COLD MEDAL HaarIem on
Eapsules inrnedtately. They aresan Old
ceslfuries, ~counbining natural healing al
md herbss w~e1I-known to phvsicians
Ind used1by thousands In their daily
~Tf1ctice- The Capsules are not an ex-
oarfndentals make-shift patent medi-
1iaey OF ssalt, whose effect IL only
Temporary. They are a. standard REM
edxs ard Get nEturallys gently and
qelckl3- Bnt when you go TO the drug
fIst. tuai2t on getting the pure, original
RzHKlrrh on IN Cap&uIeA- BE sure tbe
rs45no GOLD MEnAL Il on the bor.
{nffk slSe4 and thus protect yourself
*{Als1s< cQ1nterfettB-kdE
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-24

II the senate finishes anything
within a month Of, the time it ought
to be finished, the nation may con-
slider itself lucky.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-04-18
Alias Summons,

In I'M Dis,,irt Cnurt - Tho EnnrlI
J,di,i,1 ni.tric, of mo sat, nr
n,n,nr., ,n, f,,. A., ,n,,,,, ~
Nis,n,,,, ~
,:,nf,r, u,r,o ,,,iu,irr ,,r.ua par
,,,1I;n, M,,' ,',,,,
,r,,, 80 ,,n az Nnn,,,n, S,n,, ,.roo,i,rs
I, thn Ahny, Nnn,d defendant.
,, '.', ,
,bc cnmnI,i,, ~ tniu nrtinn WYNN 10
filoa IN ~, nffino az A., CIo,.it m ,bjs
=, - va ~ -, ~ 49,