Norwich bulletin., 1917-06-12

sence of improvisation.
 Economical labor.
 Free iron ore and coal from invad- ed regions.
 Economical transportation by req son of the grouping of the Central Powers inside the battle lInes- Germany, he asserts, had only 10 de- velop with machine tools built on ii8 own territory it's manufacture of war materia that was already considerable before the opening of hostiiities, in order to produce the enormous eerles of types of cannon and the differen- calibres of projectIIes that were need ed All these had been carefully and minutely worked out in the tranquility of peace, while, on the other hand, the production of war material Was luslB- niflcant in France and almost nothing in Great Britain and Russia at the beginning of the struggle. In all Of the Entente countries it was necessary to improvise, to construct rapidly new works. to equip old ones with new ma chine tools brought from America at enormous expense and. at the same time. to improVise neTS types of can non and projecties.
 declares. in time of vhT occasions great many false steps, inevitable Wastage of material oI.. an immense increase in general expenses.
 The remarks bie extension 10 a state Of war of industrial methods that were highly developed and systematzed Tn time of peace, says M. Cheradame. en- abled Germany to avoid in every branch of construction enormous loss es of raw materials of every kind. from which ali the Entente allies have suffered.
 So far as labor Is concerned. the Germans have been able to utilize a force of about 2,000,00 prisoners of war. The official report of the invest iEatinR commission appointed by the French government and dated April ed by the Germans contrary to interna- tionaI law shows how they utilize this Ia bor in the manufa cture of munitions as well as in the construction of de- fense works. Resides these 100000 prisoners of war. the Germans had under their control 7.5O0. 900 Belsiana. 5000 900 Frenchmen. 4.50o,000 Serbia1s. 5OoO,o0O RumanIans. and 22.000.o0O Poles in the invaded regions.
 To show how they utilize these ci- williams in work connected with the war NJ. Cheradame cites an example of a girl from Lille, twenty years old. who was obliged to work six months during the harvest season digging po- tatoes or at similar tasks from six o'clock in the morning until dusk. The amount the German paid her for this six months labor was equivalent of less than S2
 While the Entente allies have been obliged to pay the high ocean freights on coal and iron ore, Germany found in the invaded region of France all the iron ore she needed, and in Bel gium and Poand immense quantities of coal that she had only to take. pay ing the labor at very low rates. bring ing down the raw materials that en- ter into her munitions to a very low figure.
 NJ Cheradane estimates that when Germany e1xpends 100 poo 900 francs for war material France must spend 1E0. 100000 which would make the war cost between the two countries in the proportion of 2 for Germany to for France.
 M Cheradame. surmises that the peace formula now goinr the round os socialist orRaniza ttons of Peace with ont aunexationa and without indsnn1i- tiesP means that Germany. fseIln~ she Is beaten. would be Riqd t0 raf' the game a draw s-d escape with her own low cost of prosecuting the war