davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08
Sheep Raising Near Capital

81 NATIONWIDE agitation for the re-
A haDilitation of the sheep industry
of the United States is in progress
and it is interesting to note the present
condition of the sheep raising industry In
the counties of Maryland and Virginia
that border on the District of Columbia,
or which lie very close to the capital.
The figures may not be impressive in
comparison with the big round figures Of
the great counties in the main sheep rails
ing districts of the west, but they are en-
coura eine as indicating what farmers in
the region of Washington might do and
could do if they found profit in the
business that would be sufhclently attrac-
tive The question of sheep raising is De-
ing taken up in an energetic way IN
number of the eastern states and an IN,
creasing number of men in Maryland ana
Virginia are becoming interested IN the
campaign. George W perkins OF IN, me, lou 10.
Gently reported the purchase OF 5000 sheep
in Oregon for distribution and sale at cost
to New York state farmers. The commit.
of this transaction. 1t has gone to con-
siderable trouble and expense to bring TO
this state the best sheep to be iouno any
where in the country. with the idea OF re-
habilitating the sheep industry OF New
York and we believe that now Is the op-
perfume time to do this.
Some time ago Massachusetts, obtained
consignment of sheep from Idaho 10 De
sold at cost to farmers for breeding pur-
poses in that stag.
The sheep industry in MARYLAND ana
Virginia in the region around Washing
ton has not undergone important change
since the last federal census. and the
enumeration under that census showed
that Montgomery county, adjoining the
District of Columbia on the north ana
west had 11.259 sheep: Prince Georges
county. adjoining the District OF Colum.
bia on the north, east and south. 9.233
sheep. while among Washington's
neighbor counties in Maryland Charles
had 1880. Anne Arundel. 1877: st.
Marys, s,44s. and Calvert. 1881. Queen
Anne, though 1t lies east from Wash
ington across Chesapeake bay. may
properly be counted a neighbor county
Of Washington. was credited with $500
sheep. being the leading sheep raising
county in Maryland. Carrot county.
one Of the mountain counties; was Sec
ond, with 27.4ss sheep, and Kent. an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

in the midst of plenty. Billions OF
bushels of wheat literally rotted in the
south while the mu1titudes stood In the
bread lines in the north. Criminal
neglect and inadeQuacy OF transport
facilities. combined with graft and In
ertta in the government. brought about
the intolerable conditions which finally
stirred the most slothful Of races into
righteous action. Strip away all other
causes. and you discover that the real
provocation for the most sfgnihcant
revolution since the French shook on
aristocracy was hunger.
Even after the downfall OF the car,
there was comparatively little relie1 IN
Petrograd. Although I lived at what
was called. by courtesy. the best hotel
in the city. frequently had insufficient
food. The nearest semblance to bread
that I could get at breakfast consisted
of two tiny Jumps Of dough which
looked more like prison fare than any
thing else. I paid SIS for a platter OF
toast that lasted exactly a week. and l
only drew on this hoard for my morn
ing meal. table d'hote dinner that,
before the war cost $3.50. now cost IS.
Fruit is luxury. No one except those
living in hotels. and clubs can get
applies to sugar and -four.
Nor was the pinch of food the only
trouble. The Russians use wood almost
exclusively for fuel. 1t is brought down
ny train lHC 6ISdl AoiSSto VI + IN
land and Siberia. Before the winter
was half over the supply was in
jeopardy Thus the unfortunate Slav
shivered with cold and shook with hun
ger. Half of Russia's troubles were due
\entirely to the fact that. save for the
belated bread and sugar tickets. the
government at no time took the slight
est step toward controlling the fuel or
food supply. With control much of the
distress could have been averted.
Take a neutral country like Sweden
and you find the food gods grinding
hard Here cupidity vies with the wal
in bringing about economic distress
Sweden imports a great deal OF her
food, and this, added to her own out
put, would have been ample for mel
needs But the well-to-do Swede-likt
his ruler-is a pro-German- German,
needed food. and she put her De
mands-which amounted to com
mande-sauarely up to her sympathetic
neighbor, The result is that half o.
the Swedish foodstuffs have tricklet
into Germany for the past two years
The rich swedes are getting richer. but
the poor Swedes are growing poore
all the time. In Stockholm 1 fount
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08
Our Sins Find Us Out.

r. HE late Joseph H. Choate believed
firmly that Germany's internal po-
sition was wretched, and that she
would be unable to conceal it's wretch
edness much longer from the world.
Mr.. Choate. to illustrate the dim
Guilty of concealing evil things. said:
Take the case Of old John Bodewin.
John was a lawyers confidential clerk.
and he had the pernicious habit of
going to a neighboring saloon every
morning at II o'clock and taking a
small glass of whisky. He was not
proud of this habit: hence. after the
whisky he always took a Glove.
But one morning it happened that
there were no cloves in the bar. and
John. after having considered the mat
ter. ate a small raw onion from the
free-lunch tray. That would destroy
the tell-tale whisky odor. no doubt.
as well as the Glove had always done.
and so thinking he returned to his
desk.
TT was a double desk. At il he and
his employer sat face to face. John.
on his return, was soon aware that his
employer noticed something. The mans
nostrils quivered. he smiled. and nnal-
ly. with a grimace Of disgust. he
broke out:
"Took here, John. I've stood whis.
ky and Glove for nineteen years. but
I draw the line at whisky and onion:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

REPRESENTATIVE MARK n. BACON
OF MICHIGAN.
termined to go he went without being
drafted" Mr.. Campbell said. There
isn't much any one can say when his
boy wants to go to war. He told his
mother and me one night that he was
going. So we discussed 1t pro and con
and the next morning we went to the
train with Him and he went away. It's
a mighty serious thing. and you feel
serious. tell you, when your boy goes
away"
stick with the job. now that you're
in 1t. even If you come out with nothing
but a corporaTs warrant" Representa-
tive Greene of Vermont wrote his boy
Richard. who is at Plattsburg training
for the Officers Corps.
Fighting comes naturally to young
Greene. His father and grandfather be-
fore him fought for their flag. The boy
probably remembers how as little tad
he saw his father, who was a captain in
the Spanish-American war, march
away.
Being a soldier, the son and tho
grandson Of a soldier. young Greene
Is not long on words about his fighting.
IT have gone," was the word he sent
homo last summer, when, as member
of the Yale artillery, he was sworn into
the federal service for duty on the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

the genius of that selling campaign:
and, just as he had sold bonds, so dio
he now begin to SELL food economy.
He answered the cry for compulsory
rationing with this argument:
printing presses do not turn OUT
food. You would have to create an
army Of officials to distribute the tick
cts, an army Of inspectors to spy on
food sellers and food buyers alike.
and in the end you might discover, as
Germany has discovered: that the
country people remain well fed. while
the poor people in the towns are go
ing short You cannot compel the 1000
producer not to eat the 1000 ne pro-
duces You cannot compel him to
divide the food equally between him
self and those who do not produce it.
German officials produced bread tick
cts in many of the towns without
producing the bread. and, unfortu-
nately. you cannot eat bread ucKeta
asked Lord Davenport why he stuck
to voluntary rations. and he said:
born Englishman to do anything you en-
counter trouble. Yet this most individu-
alistic of persons is the most adaptable.
The food hog is the exception 1.-The patriot
is the rule''
Kennedy Jones launched great bread
drive that did more than anything else to
save the situation. Like good reporter,
he first got at the vital statistics Hs
bread is wasted. He discovered that Il
the nation saved two thick slices Of bread
every day 1t would reduce consumption
by nearly 25 per cent, which would Offset
the weekly loss in the tonnage OF the
wheat shipped.
Eat less bread was the slogan that he
unfurled from the masthead Of British
life 1t flashed from every billboard,
looked down from every bus. appeared In
every shop window. 1t was impossible to
avoid it.
Publicity, which had raised the vol
unteer army, made its most dramatic
appeal. The poster reached Its highest
expression in this crusade. One of the
most effective showed a woman cutting
off slice of bread. Behind her was
the symbolic picture of a submarine
sinking a cargo vessel. The wording
was:
Don't waste bread! Save two thick
slices every day and defeat the U-boat.'
Linked up with the Eat less bread
injunction was the maxim. The key
to victory is in the kitchen" Great
Britain today is flooded with bills and
posters urging economy in consump-
ton. Here are some of the texts:
IF you ask for more bread than you
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

shining mark for famine. Here you
have semi-productive country that
imports so per cent of its food. She
is, therefore. at the mercy of the sea.
once her safeguard and now well-nigh
her undoing. With food. as with night
ing, war, so far as Britain is concerned,
is mobile thing. The shifts on the
checker board Of battle are no less an
mated or changing than the aspects OF
her national larder. The crowded shelf
of today is the bare space of tomorrow.
The menace of the food supply Is double
because of the growing shortage or
men on the farm, and by reason OF the
deadly toll that the submarine is taking
of cargo ships headed for her ports.
If all the supplies sent to England
reached her shores there would never
be any danger of food shortage, but the
floor of the Atlantic is Uttered with
proyender that should have been con-
verified into British Drawn.
Like her optimism about the duration
of the war. her people refused to be,
lieve that the ancient fnsularity could
be disturbed. but the Ze ly the me
shattered that tradition just as they
will eventually destroy the illusion
cherished by America that the broad
reaches Of the Atlantic are natural
barrier.
In 1915 found England slowing away
her customary three meals day. and.
in addition, a general and substantial
tea" at o'clock. Already the cry OF
economy first" had been linked up
with the initial great war loan cam :
paign. The rich took heed. That Is
why they remain rich. But among the
general mass of the population the
warning was Intellectual: BIN Jones,
munition worker, was making more
money than he had ever dreamed could
exist in the world. and what he did
not spend on drink his wife threw
away on finery and frippery.
Last year the war savings certincate
crusade was hitched to an anti-extrava'
gance and anti-foodwaste movement
and the moral began to soak in treat
ing was forbidden: two courses at luncf
and three at night were PRESCRIBED
The latter precaution was more or less
a sham, because 1t was easy to rein
force one course until 1t became q
whole meal, while other enterprisine
persons made dinner a progressive per
Torrance, going from restaurant Il
restaurant until a nine-course repea
was registered.
But this waste could not go on. Gu
of the wreckage Of the Asquith ministr!
emerged a food controller in the per
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

Mexican border. His parents have
seen little of him since then.
II was willing that my boy should
go; he would have had to go anyhow"
Representative Taylor of Colorado re-
marked philosophically, in speaking of
his son. Edward T., jr., going to the
Officers Reserve Corps training camp.
Mr.. Taylor had an opportunity to
send his son to West Point, but. not
desiring him to follow a military ca
reer, he did not accept it. The day
war was declared, however, the boy
began making arrangements to go. and
his father did not object. Early in
life the representative had a desire
himself to go to West Point. He tried
in competitive examination with fifty
six other boys at Leavenworth, Kan,
and Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn, then
Joe" Kuhn, beat him out.
If you want to make Democratic
Leader Kitchin fighting mad just call
him a pacif1st. A lot of folks do that.
at long range, and get away with it.
He isn't a paciflst, though he fought
the present war, and he wants folks to
know it.
1t was natural, therefore. when his
boy, Mills, went to war, that Mr.
kitchin approved the step.
"Kick?" he inquired, laughing loudly.
Il should say not. That boy comes
from fighting stock"
Young Kitchin and C. H. England. the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08
me 's',:. :.. ": @ -. ::: ::::: COMMITTEE
\ )|) C &c
At THIS TIME
rs
uAp|Nc TIT I'm WI
At THIS TIME
HELPING THE ENEMY!
r A SPECTACULAR CAMPAIGN.

n
I wrote to my friends in America about
Back of this and kindred shortages
was a fundamental cause that might
develop in wartime to the most pro.
ductive nation. While the dearth OF
potatoes arose from a bad harvest, the
hardship would not have been so great
had a surplus been stored up and had
the people not been 30 wasteful.
England now faced meatless days:
the sugar ration was reduced to half
a pound a week head: John Bull put
the first notch in his waistband.
Up rose three evils born Of food
scarcity One was the food hog"
phrase coined by Lord Northcliffe for
the food Stacker" who Stacked at
hoarder. who stored away supplies OF
food; third, and inevitable byproduct
of such q crisis, was the food profteer.
who extorted his pound Of flesh out OF
the needs Of the. people. TO comban
products were fixed and violators
rigidly prosecuted. But the scarcity
only grew keener.
Lord Davenport found himself in the
midst of violent controversy that
ragged around the question: : 80,
"Must we resort to food conscrip-
tion?"
The menace of the bread ticket
doomed up, because all the while the
submarine continued to take its deadly
toll and immense quantities of food
went to the fishes instead Of hungry
Britons. Starvation raised its gaunt
head.
The ministry of food stirred itself, a
director Of food economy was appoint
ed and England bucked up to the job
of food control with a campaign of
conservation which has a lesson for
America In every one of its details.
This director was a hard headed
Scotchman. named Kennedy Jones. He
had served his business apprenticeship
with the Northcliffe press; he had made
circulation for newspapers and money
for himself. In the American vernacu-
lar his middle name was publicity He
incarnated organization. He said to
himself:
IF food is to be economical we must
get the message home by advertising"
He launched a spectacular campaign
that was full brother to the tidal wave
of print that carried the loan of vic
tory to colossal success. Jones was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

that the price of food has Increased
from 200 to 300 per cent. Bread, milk
and flour cards have been in force
for six months. but they have only
increased the tension.
X \
Something besides hunger is gnaw-
ing at the vitals of the great mass Of
people, The day arrived at the CAPT.
tai a mob Of women made demon
stration before the palace as plea for
more and cheaper food. Anarchy looms
up over the Scandinavian horizon, and
the king sits on an uneasy throne
Once more food is about to become
arbiter of nations destiny.
Germany alone anticipated the food
problem She put the bread ticket on
the map: she created the food con-
t-oller. While her enemies sought to
make capital out of what seemed to
be the last stand before collapse. she
was merely mobilizing against famine.
pire holds out so persistently. and why
she will continue to hold out in the
face Of short rations, is because she
has standardized consumption and re-
duced the uncertainties Of food output
to a precise science. It Is triumph OF
control.
Turn to France and you get a
typical illustration of the relation OF
war to food. Here no optimism paved
the way to shortage. The grim and
uncompromising fortune-or. rather,
misfortune-of war dictated the con-
ditions. First of all, large part-of
the northern area. now under the Ger
man heel. was rich in agricultural out
put Today 1t Is growing food for
Germans. while immense tracts south
OF the fighting lines are grim with VIII
as tillage is concerned. they are still
mo Mans Lands" Areas available for
cultivation suffer from hideous short
age Of labor. THE Man With the Hoe"
has almost ceased to exist in France:
1t Is now The Woman at the Pillow.
The republics wheat yield for 1917 will
show shortage of 137.00o.o00 bushels.
This tells the whole sad story.
France needs no formal curb on con-
sumption. Every man is his own food
controller. Hence. the bread ticket has
not. as yet. appeared in Paris. nor Is 1t
likely to appear. The instinct for
thrift. which has made France res
ervoir of savings. is doing its duty with
food.
England. of course. offered the most
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

had to go to war. that he went among
the first.
II didn't want my boy to be SOL
der" Shallenberger said. but I wasn't
the kind that would declare didn't
raise him to be one. / wanted him TO
be lawyer, there being none IN the
family. But when he drifted into army
life 1 certainly put no stone In MS
way
"Now that he is going to see service
abroad-and I presume he is. because l
heard from him recently that he would
leave soon-I am glad he is going
across early. The first troops abroad,
in my opinion, will get the best posi-
HE training, while later 1t may be nee
essary to throw the boys into the fight
ing without such thorough prepara-
ton"
REPRESENTATIVE Shal1enberger was
greatly opposed 10 the selective draft
hill in the House. He made stirring
speech against it and part Of the time
conducted the fight for the Dent volun-
teer bill.
Somewhere on the high seas Is Colin
Campbell, an enlisted man, son OF Rep
resentative Campbell of Kansas. lad
nineteen years old. His father doesn't
know just where he is. but. wherever
he is, his fathers heart is with him and
he wants him to fight with all his
might for the country.
"I'm glad that as long as he was de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

son of Lord Davenport. He was big,
outstanding man, who had started Ire
as a dock laborer at Is cents an hour;
became a grocer's clerk. and ended up
by establishing an almost endless chain
of provision shops which netted him
great fortune He knew food sources,
and he knew food values.
He issued warnings. but, like many
laws. they were created only to be I'M
needed.
1t took the ruthless submarine war
fare to put the fear of famine finally
into the British stomach. l was in Lon
Then. and only then. did England wake
up to the fact that unless the U-boat
were put out of business the nation
might starve.
AS the censor of the national appetite.
Lord Davenport suddenly developed a
power second only to that OF Lloyd
George. He became the big stick of
the government, and he clamped the
food lid down hard. The nation went
on rations
In a famous ultimatum tho food con-
troller put the country on its honor
not to consume more than four pounds
of bread, two and half pounds OF
meat and three-fourths of a pound Of
three staples that formed the stan OF
English life.
sugar SuQnenly LOOK q new tease oH
value. To buy a pound of 1t shop
keepers imposed obligations to pur-
chase other supplies. One enterpising
dealer got rid of surplus stock of
hardware by making 1t a premium for
sugar buying. 1t became the Jest Of
the music halls; show girls wore
strings Of sugar Jumps instead OF
jewels; the new British dowry became
food instead Of pounds sterling.
The humble and unromantic potato
achieved distinction that 1t never be-
fore enjoyed. The supply became we'll
nigh exhausted. and the potato queue
became one on the common sights of
London. Men. women and children
waited in line for hours to buy a pound
of "spuds." Lord Davenport had to
order potatoless days. The lowly vege-
table even achieved the Importance OF
having a potato director. People asked
why director when there is
nothing to direct?"
By the end of last May there was
scarcely a potato in London. When
some were served at q dinner I attend
ed. it was such a remarkable event that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-08

serve Corps. was employed as a chemist
in plant near Pittsburgh. and was ao-
vancing rapidly. He had gone there de-
liberately to learn IL there was ANY
thing to him" Then he decided to try
for entrance to the army. Throwing up
his place. he hied for training camp.
Milton wants to be an aviator. Ever
since he saw an aeroplane at San Diego
several years ago, his father said, he
has wanted to fly. And now he is flying
in a school preparatory to entering the
army flying corps. He was sopno-
more at Yale, Of which school MS
brother is graduate. when the war
broke out. :,
"Of course, I didn't want them to go.
Mr. Bacon remarked briefly. In DISCUSS
ing their departure, but they were anx-
ious to enlist. and, naturally. l MADE no
objection.
'Speaker Clark. whose son. Bennett
Is In training at Fort Myer. expressed
my sentiments here on the moor, KEEP
resentative Gordon OF Ohio. whose son.
Walter Scott. is in training for the
Officers Reserve Corps, said. He salo
that his son wanted to enlist and that
he agreed and that he would not nave
it any other way.
MY boy went to Johns Hopkins Uni
versity for four years. After that ne
entered Kenyon College. He had been
there two years when the war broke
out. Then he wanted to enlist and
helped him all / could.
This was my view OF the situation.
I did not want him to go to war. OF
course No man wants to see his son
in danger. But we are at war with
a great power. We need to combat
that power our best-trained men.
II my boy is trained-as he is. in mill
tary tactics-it is his duty to go and
do his best. and it certainly is not
my duty to try to discourage him.
THAT is why my boy is trying out
for the army He talked some OF 60
ing on a submarine chaser. but l dis
suaded him from that. He knows mill
tary tactics and he should give the
best he has to his country"
Representative Gordon. by the way.
is one of the real fighters of the House
himself. A member of the military af-
fairs committee. he is eagerly. earnest
ly working on military problems at all
times In a self-deprecating way he
says he does not know why he ever
was placed on the committee, but he
works, and works hard. and that might
be one explanation.
One of 243 members of certain sec
ton Of the Pennsylvania National
Guard selected for training for the
Oficers' Corps Is John Temple. sou
of Representative Temple of Pennsyl-
vania. He had four years service In
the guard and recently was on the
Mexican border.
I am not particular to see the boy