davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22
CAPITALISM

The basic theory of Socialism is that Capitalism" is
an economic crime. There should be no such thing, as
capital, and no such persons as capitalists. In actual
practice that theory means to many persons that all per-
sons who happen to own more property than they need,
should be compelled to divide with them. But that is not
the real theory. The theory is that there should be nothing
to divide. There should, in other words, be no such
thing as the accumulation of property in the hands of the
individual. Capitalism, of course, is the system which
permits individuals to possess property beyond their i'm
mediate needs and capitalism is
Just now the contemplation Of the effect on the
habits OF the public of investment in Liberty bonds sug-
gests a study of the real effect of the accumulation of
property. Prior to the civil war there were some three
million persons in the United States who were debarred
by law from the ownership of property. The slave had
his daily wants provided for. He needed to take no
tnougnt for the morrow. He could own no property, and
he had no need of property. Economically his condition
was that which the Socialist would impose on the entire
population. Under the slave system the slave worked
Tor an individual and had his wants provided for by that
individual. Under the Socialist plan the individual would
work for the state, and the state would take care Of his
needs. The element of property ownership is absent
from both systems.
The Wisest man who has undertaken to deal In a
large practical way with the negro problem was con.
vinced that If progress were to be made the introduction
OF the capitalistic system was indispensable. Therefore
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22

Booker II. Warrington dealt little &with{what are usually
considered cultural subjects, but instead urged the en-
franchised men OF his own color to become capitalists.
His plans for the Individual were not ambitious. He
urged the ownership of a bit of land. even il no more
than a garden plot he insisted that the negro should
own his little cabin. his own COW and pigs and chickens,
and that as rapidly as possible he should have a little
money in the bank. All these are the elements Of capital
ism. And he urged these things because his knowledge
Of human nature convinced him that the ownership of
property was essential to the development Of the feeling
Of self-respect and independence which lies at the very
root Of good citizenship. 5
The same principle applies in the case Of the In
dividual who. through the purchase of q Liberty bond,
or in any other way, takes his first step in systematic
saving. Immediately he becomes . man Of property. He
feels that he has a stake in the country. He feels on
terms Of partnership with all other citizens. The nation
becomes emphaticaly his nation, and its government in
every truth his government. And It ID this principle of
private ownership that the full application Of the doc
trines Of Socialism would destroy.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22
GETTING USED TO SHORTAGE

The supply of sugar in the United States just now
Is so small that it villa not meet the ordinary require
ments of the people, and before the distribution of the
new crop brings about the necessary REIMBURSEMENT most
families will be compelled to get along on less sugar than
usual. and there may be some that can obtain none at all.
This is a condition of things so unusual in this
It is difficult for many of US even to understand it. This
toned to liberal supplies of what we desired, individuals
here and there have been unable to supply themselves,
but this has been due to no lack in the supply. We
have been able to obtain all the material comforts If we
had the price, and the price, as a rule has not been so
high as to place any commodity out Of the reach of any
family in even very moderate circumstances.
But here we find ourselves in the midst of a con-
dition where money does not count. Rich or poor we
must take less sugar in our coffee, and some of us may
be able to get none at all. AS the fact dawns upon us
there are expressions Of surprise, of increduhty, of in
dignaton. American citizens deprived of anything that
they want and for which they are willing to pay? I'M
possible! Unthinkable! We must have what we want,
when we want it, and as much OF it as. we desire. If
that right is not guaranteed by the constitution it ought
to be.
A little less sugar for a few weeks may not be a bad
thing for us. 1t may Set some of us thinking along new
lines. 1t may bring to US the realization that all the ex-
cellencies of our political system cannot fill hungry
mouths with food; that legislation cannot take the place
of production; that the logical result of waste is want;
and that natural laws and economic forces act just as
surely and as %infexibly in America as elsewhere. If we
would enjoy abundance we must produce abundantly and
conserve What we produce.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22
BORN AMERICANS PLAN
TO RETURN TO EUROPE AFTER
WAR; THOUSANDS ARE ANXIOUS

By Richard Barry In New York Times
Millions of foreign-born Americans,
representing almost every nationality
Of Europe. are planning to go back
to The lands Of their birth as soon as
peace is declared. They are, as it
were, straining at the barrier, wait
ing for the flag of peace to drop.
whereupon will occur such an exc
dus from these shores as has never
occurred before in our history.
So many inquiries a6out transpor-
tation abroad have beer pouring into
the steamship and railway Offices
during the past few months that q
census was recently taken, unoficial-
ly, by these offices, with the result
ing revelation that approximately
100000 foreign-born persons now
on American soil are planning to re-
turn home. Commissioner of Immi-
grafton, Frederic C. Howe, says that
conservative estimate, at least -2,O0O,-
600 people will return to Europe the
first year after the war if they can
secure accommodation. Other immi-
grafton officials have said, privately.
that they would not be surprised to
see 3,0O0,0 900, 1000, 600, or. even s.
900. 900 go back. AS the average
emigration out Of America for years
previous to 1914 was between 300,-
900 and 100000. (about one-fourth
Of the average immigration,) this
country has looming before it an
astonishing phenomenon.
For centuries the flow of peoples
has been westward. The migration
of the tribes, from the dawn OF our
era. has been toward the setting sun.
Is the close of the great war to mark
the endLof hisLerainl history2-Has
man at last looked his fill on the
lands of the West? And is migra-
ton now to take its flow, for the first
toward the rising sun? And If so,
why?
The question was put to Mr. Howe.
yes he said, I'VE are, it seems
to me, OF the threshold Of a vast
change. It is idle to think our inn
migration problem will continue as
it has been. Unless all signs are
wrong and our Government, national
as we'll as State, institutes drastic
plete reversal of conditions. To put
1t slangily, we will have to take the
IL out of immigration and replace It
with IN e."
The Commissioner spoke from his
well-placed Office on Ellis Island.
The old atmosphere of the, island is
gone. The days when the waxs
swarmed with picturesque alien
peasants, babbling in ~variegated
tongues q babel of elation, confusion
and anxiety. all incident to a monu-
mental hegira, r no more The
Enclosures are now empty. Ellis is
land is marking time.
But" I demonstrated, surely
there will be q resumption Of immi-
grafton after the war. Surely mill
lions will fee from war-ridden
Europe for asylum in America I
should think the frst year after the
war would be the greatest rear VI
Immigration in history"
mo-" replied Mr.. Howe, II think
not. At, least the net immigration is
not likely to be very large; that Is,
II you subtract those going from
those coming"
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22

What reasons have you for think
ing so many are going back?"
First, a ensus taken by railroad
and steamship companies, showing
that at least 1000. 900 of u foreign
born are planning to 90 to Europe
ond, the reports OF a large number
of employers in Western cities that
there seems to be a concerted move
ment to induce Hungarians. Aus
TRANS, and other Central European
peoples to return to their native
land. Third. bankers in the coal and
industrial regions report that Poles.
Italians and Russians in very large
numbers are saving money and maxi
ing preparations for return. Fourth.
my study of European agricultural
conditions as contrasted with those in
the United States. This last is my bas-
ic reason. though the symptoms are
we'll indicated by the others"
How do you explain this potential
exodus"
II will catalogue the reasons. be-
ginning with the unimportant. First
tives. We have 15,00O,000 foreign.
born persons in the United States
and for over three years these 49,.
10000 have had little or no COM
munication with their relations or
the other side. Had communication
been uninterrupted they might have
been content to remain, wousc
doubtless have followed the natura
law and written back such tidings
as would have lured others here
But, lacking Communication, the,
remain restless and dissatisfied. and
the imagination always conjures w
the worst. This. combined with the
conditions they face here is com:
polling motive.
Second. the quest for famil,
property and possessions. Hundred.
Of thousands, perhaps millions, have
lost relatives in the war. Many came
to this country because Of unsatis'
factory division Of property in thu
old countries. Now they will re-
turn in the hope. of getting what will
be to them a more equitable division
Death and change have wiped ou'
MAN. an old GORE. frightened man!
Ia homesick heart.
Third, there is a general ezopecta,
ton, among the Russians especially
ians, and residents Of the Balkan
States, that land will be cheap ii
their countries after the war. Rus
STA, of course, has q new deal. and
many Russians are eager to get bacl
quickly and profit BY the change
Others are planning to profit out o
the bankruptcy Of feudal proprietor
in Poland and Hungary, as we'll q
ont Of the devastation Of the country
Fourth. every country in Europ'
is working out an organized plan t
foster this very movement which
am forecasting. In every country
from Ireland to the Black Sea, tn,
days Of absentee landlordism and o
vast u~ncultivated estates, no matte,
who owns them, r probably over
Every European Government 1
awake to this condition.
Fifth, many. perhaps a majorit!
will leave America because Of In
dustrial conditions. It has been SALE
that the Texan hates the Slovak ant
the Northerner hates the 'greaser'
but, to both. it 10 America who hal
not welcomed them.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22
DESTROYER OFFICERS
EXP0NENTS OF GOLF

Base American Flotilla. IN pr,.,..
Waters, Oct. 22.-(CorrespondencsaMs
The American officers are beconnin~f
topnotch golfers. Only a handfmI ~
them played the am back in ~
alates. put now every destroyer mn
r three or four devotees Of tho
sport. The season is now in full svvinr
and almost any fair day groups may.
be seen monopolizing the Inks. Ths
Americans not only haYe revived ths,
game in these parts but SO manyr ~
them have taken UP golf that thew
have put the local club on a payinr
basis and generally made themseiyes
popular with the residents.
When b Americans arrived. the
links which, are -on the tor az tho
cliffs overlooking the sea-, were some.
what neglected but they have now
been put into first Glass conditions. thu
grass has been cut and the green's
have been rolled as never before. Cad
dies have been attracted from distant
parts, encouraged by the generosity az,
sought after. iNs.
The clubhouse 10 4 most p-fcture.ou.
! castle built in 1886. There Is al
sorts OF tradition attached tosit. II -.
sembleS greatly Barney Castle !, sna
was originally built BY the chief fEans
old Y who ruled the Country FOR
miles about. -
Tea is served III the great room az
me castle. Whitewash alone covers
the rough stone walls and the CALM
O6tnhes an old native memberHa;
, ! ~ will drop In to reRale Il
Americans with tales Of the clubhonsss
or ~anecdotess OF the kame. AI natssSs
who save up making golf sticksTs ~
Da8s mas returned to his profasefnTS
elnce Yankee INVASION and r =
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22

IL degrees higher than in 1915. August
was also severely hot, and September
opened with a heat wave which drove
the thermometer to an average of
eight degrees above normal. The
mercury at Basrah on August 3s was
118, and on Sept. S was 116, in a
damp atmosphere.
In spite of the abnormal conditions.
the spirit of the troops has been ex-
cellent, and in the hottest weather
sports have been enjoyed as usual.
Early in June a football cup series was
played at Samrah. The first week Of
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22
HIGH TEMPERATURE
DISTURBS THE BRITISH
E~XPEDITIONARY ARMY

Bagdad. Oct. 22.-This has been the
hottest season in Mesopotamia of
which record exists. The highest tenn
perature at Bagdad was 1928 n-July,
And at Basrah 1922, while in the tents
AZ the soldiers the thermometer rose
to ten degrees higher. This was 10 to
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22

At the recent meeting Of tho Ameri-
can Bankers association, M. L, Reoua,
the chief Of the division Of organiza-
ton of the food administration board,
said: Under the food bill, as. I see it,
the Sherman antitrust law becomes q
dead letter. and I see no reason why
combinations may not be worked out
which will definitely and satisfactorily
establish maximum prices"
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22

was marked by a regatta
and race meeting at Bagdad, and a
large number Of men are now in
training for a big boxing tournament.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-22

o folds of white and scarlet! o blue with your silver
warm an n hearts l0n che eysS w yoas and yo dyin m1ii IFS rev eve 1c you their Red,
blessing! Ours by Inheritance, ours by allegiance, ours by
the emblem Of liberty, the hope Of the world.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-11-02
ITALIANS NOT
YET AT HEIGHT
OF CAMPAIGN

Washington, Nov. Cen. Cadorna
apparently is attempting to keep the
German command in doubt about his
forthcoming stand. Only the barest
Information is being given out through
the channels leading here today.
1t is now believed the high point in
the fighting will not be reached be-
fore Nov. Z or 8. It is expected the
struggle will still be in desperate pro-
gress Nov. 10, when the first confer
ence of the Allies, with America par
ticipating opens in Paris.
As result of Germany's stroke
against Italy an entirely new war pro-
gramme must be mapped out at this
conference. For some days there has
been q growing belief among military
representatives of all the allied pow
ers here THAI too much importance
must not be laid on the west front.
but that the allies must be prepared
to deliver a. counter stroke either at
their major or minor front 1t sudden
ly subjected to Teuton attack. The
complete and overwhelming surprise
of the German assault on italy is said
to have demonstrated the need of this.
Complete plans for Reinforcing
Italy will undoubtedly be made at the
conference. No matter how success
fully Cadorna checks the present
drive, the Germans must be driven
out of Italy entirely, military attaches
here declare. Otherwise they would
have established new base for new
and dangerous assaults next spring.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-11-02
MAYOR WILSON SIDESTEPS DEBATE
With KIRK; DELIBERATELY EvADES
VISITING CHURCH TO Face RIVAL

Scared stiff by the big independent
vote of 1915, the Wilson administra-
ton saw the hand writing on the wall
and demanded that the legislature
give it power to. issue bonds without
the peoples approval. They saw that
they had to get what they could while
the going was good.
The mayor can't say now that the
council did this and that he couldn't
stop it. That won't do. In 1916 he
himself said publicly that in the fu-
ture bonds ought to be issued without
the referendum. And the reason he
gave, gentlemen, was that If the prop
osition to submit more bonds to the
city were submitted to the voters, that
the voters would turn it down. Rather
than take chances with what he called
the insincere commission form Of
government people and those politi-
cally opposed to the administration
he denied all the citizens the right
to approve or disapprove Of these
bonds. And do you realize that every
bond issued by your city is a mort
gage on your home?
Gentlemen, there is no limit to
what these fellows will do if you keep
them in power forever!" said the
speaker.
Speaking of warrenite, Mr.. Kirk
said: 81 see some architects in the
audience, and I wonder how long it
will be before the administration will
ask architects in Bridgeport to specify
,warrenite In their plans for roofing.
It ought to make good roofing mate
rial.
After knowing that the admins
tration has spent about S20,000,00 in
proceeds from taxation and bonds in
six years you know what to say when
warrenite free
ST notice that when the adninistra-
ton had to cut down some Of its pro-
posed bond expenditures for various
improvements that schools and sew
ers were cut down about half, while
warrenite was barely touched. Little
tar heel got there with both.
"And Saturday they are going to
have the police and firemen parade.
"A civic parade on the eve of an cleo
ton! A sort Of a Roman pageant to
show what they have done to Bridge
port. What an dnopportune time, my
friends, for pageants! think of OUT
young men going to war. and bidding
their mothers farewell. They are go
| ing away never to come back. That
| is q different sort of procession
isn't it.? The first two batches that
went away were given a sendoff, with
bands and decent attention. But
what Of those who have gone since?
Have there been parades for them?
"And. l. ask you, If this administra-
ton is showing itself in sympathy
with our national government? We
are engaged in a terrific world Of con-
10 SHof a.
the end will be- But we do know that
we must husband our resources. The
lcountry will need them. The Prest-
dent asks US to save. Our women are
going from house to house to urge
upon all the need for economy. But
how is it with Mayor Wilson? II
elected I will spend mores-that's his
lanswer. That is his patriotic pro
gram"
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-11-02

/, Several hundred men gathered at
the First Presbyterian church hall
last night to hear a debate between
Mayor Clifford B. Wilson and his
Democratic opponent, William P.
Kirk, but it turned out just as many
had expected-the mayor did not ap-
pear until after 9 o'clock, one hour
later than the scheduled time. He
chose to go to the Eighth district at
8 o'clock, well aware that this hour
was the time he was scheduled to
meet Kirk.
The meeting went on, however, and
Kirk proceeded with an Interesting
address ion municipal government.
He also took occasion to attack The
odore Roosevelt, who, he said, lis
speaking for a corrupt political ma
chine in New York, Will he IS COM
ing here to do the same thing Kirk
reviewed the administration work Of
the last six years on the basis Of facts
and figures from the municipal rec
ords His speech in part follows:
"Tl1e mayor said in 1912 if we would
let him issue bonds he would keep
the tax rate at Is mills. He has bond
ed the city to the final limit of per
cent of the grand list, as far as the
law will let him go. But our. tax rate
Is 207 as against 1874 mills in 1912.
I'VE were assured that with an in
creased grand list the tax rate, would
remain at a low figure. Our grand
list has gone from $1o6, 100000 in 1912
to $168, Oo0, 900 in 1917 and still the tax
rate goes up So per cent. And still the
Republican leader says the grand list
Is still too low.
"The mayor said early in his ad-
ministration that he believed city
contracts should be let after adver-
Using for competitive bids and that
he did not believe in any waiver OF
this rule by the mayor except in case
of great urgency. He has turned over
the paving Of our streets to paving
monopoly which makes a patented
article and there has been no oppor-
| tunity for anybody but one firm to
bid.
| "It is claimed for the Wilson ad-
ministration that 1t is a, business adj
ninistration. There are almost So,
600 900 of unexpended bond issues now
idle in the Bridgeport banks yielding
the city an interest of per cent, while
the city is paying the bondholders an
| interest of 10 per cent. The loss tc
[ WV
a day. Is this business?
| Traffic is the most pressing need
OF our city, today and street extern
sions Is a vital necessity. The adj
ministration has the money for stree,
extensions, has had it for a long time
but has done little or nothing lin the
matter of street extensions. It is moi
courageous enough to go ahead witt
a street extension program designed
for the benefit of the city as a whole
It might offend some merchant.
when It looked as If John stree
were going to be put through and
widened, Bill Seeley of the Blue Rib
bon Auto company, treasurer of thu
i Republican party and member Of tn
Board OF Contract and Supply, alInos
died of fright and hurry-up order
were given to widen Cannon street
lThey wouldn't let anything hurt BILL