davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
THE DAIRY RATION
Feeding Tables Hard to Follow on
Account of Variation of
INGREDIENTS
. National Crop Improvement Service. ]

For many years feeders have en-
deavOred to use sO-called standard
tables showing the theoretical num-
Der of pounds each of so-called di-
gestible protein, fats and carbohy-
drateS. These methods are fatally
defective for the following reasons:
First, the tables call for so much
thing as digestible food it n light fur
nish a basis TO go by, but digestible
food is really apparently digestible
food, in that it disappears in the body
Just what use is made Of it is not al
ways clear. Some of it turns into gas,
some is converted into heat, and much
of it is used in the labor of digesting
and handling the food. IN the case
of straw and similar material, nearly
all Of it's energy is used up in the
labor of digesting it, leaving little or
no net gain. Straw should be re-
turned to the soil. Take two samples
of dried barley grains, each contain
ing the same amount of digestible
food, and one will give twenty more
therms or heat units than the other
One hundred pounds of digestible
food derived from roughage is about
equal to eighty pounds derived from
grain, SO if we add together things
which are unlike, we get no tangible
results. It is like adding so many
pounds to so many gallons. So, the
M nrin ;e
very inaccurate. The correct way is.
first, to ascertain how much protein
and energy a cow needs to sustain
life and keep weight. You can get
this from your experiment station,
and ascertain how much is necessary
to make one pound of milk of a GER
tain fat test, and then feed her as
much protein and energy as is needed
to maintain her and supply food for
as many pounds of milk as she can
make.
This is a very difficult problem
and few can do it, and we challenge
any two men to tackle the same prob
lem under the same conditions and
arrive at the same result.
We cannot tell unless we try to find
out, that a cow will not give more
milk on more feed, or maybe as much
milk on less feed. SO feeding is large
ly experimental, as no two cows are
alike.
However, the law of averages will
hold, and the feeder can save all this
trouble and much loss by feeding a
ration which his experiment station
has in most cases made, say three to
four pounds Of milk for each pound
of mixed feed.
There is one thing certain. The
more solids and fat in the milk, the
more feed needed per pound of milk.
So, a good mixed feed which is prop
erly combined and all the roughage
she will eat will greatly simplify your
feeding problem and very little ex-
perimenting will soon show you how
much concentrates each cow needs to
produce maximum yield.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
BARLEY PRODUCTS.

National Crop improvement serycel
Prof. j. P. Street, in the Annual
Report of the Connecticut Agricul-
tural Station for 1912, says: THAT
malt sprouts should receive more con-
sideration from dairymen, especially
in comparison with many of the pro-
prietary mixed feeds containing only
from one-third to one-half as much
protein as malt sprouts, prices being
considered
He also states that dried brewers
grains, prices considered, in connec-
ton with the feeds high analysis, is
one Of the cheapest high-grade feeds
on the market.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
TERMS USED IN FEEDING
Scientific Nomenclature Reduced 70
EVERYDAY MEANINGS.
National Crop improvement Service


National Crop improvement seryice.l
Stockfood consists briefly Of three
chief parts Or compounds, emitting
the water and minerals. They are:
Protein Containing nitrogen), a
muscle former
Fat (not containing nitrogen), a
fuel or fattening substance.
Carbohydrates (meaning made OF
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen).
These three substances are called
organic matter, because they will
burn.
Mineral matter is called inorganic.
An animal can live on protein alone,
but would not under normal condi-
tlons, because protein Cor albumen)
is only found mixed with fat in the
case Of meat and with fat and carDo-
hydrates in the case Of plants and
cereals. Familiar examples Of pro-
tein are white of egg, lean meat and
the gluten which can be chewed out
Of wheat. Fat or oil we all know.
Carbohydrates include sugar,
starch, cellulose, fibre, gums, etc.
To keep alive and not lose weight
an animal must have small amounts
of protein and larger amounts Of fat
or carbohydrates. They serve as
building material to replace WORKOUT
tissue and flesh and also to furnish
power (energy) to move, work, and
do all the inside work of the body.
The ash or mineral matter fur
nishes bone material and is also nee
esSary but abundant in nature A
growing animal needs plenty Of pro
tein and ash (bone food and of car
bOhydrates and fat A groWn-up ami
NAL needs less of either the first two,
but plenty of the last two A preg-
nant animal needs plenty of food for
its unborn young.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
BUYING FEED INGREDIENTS,
Difficult to Buy Proper Feed Stuffs at
Random.

National Crop improvement Service.]
There are not a dozen feed stores
in the country that carry in stock all
the ingredients of first-class mixed
feed at all times and at reasonable
prices, and usually they do not carry
feeds of the same high quality used
by the mixers who work scientifically
through a laboratory. This is human
nature. Competition compels dealer
to sell the cheapest quality. The best
quality Of feed is seldom carried, be-
cause the average buyer will not pay
the highest price. A good many ex-
pertinent stations in a general way
will advocate that a farmer mix all
his own feed, but they are human like
the rest Of US and they will use recog-
niZed brands in their own feeding
operations rather than go to the trou-
BILE and take the time to follow their
own advice.
There are a good many herds at
experiment stations which are kept as
sort of clinic for professors to prac-
tice theories upon. The poor brutes
are used a good deal as guinea pigs
in hospital practice. On the other
hand, at the experiment stations are
to be found many of the finest ami
mails ever bred
The mixed feeds of the first grade
can be fed alone or in connection with
homegrown corn, oats Or barley. To
do this widens your ration, and it is
correct to do SO if it will reduce your
cost Of feeding. Mixed feeds, there
fore, are largely a matter of arith-
metic.
You can usually get the result for
less money than by feeding more ex-
pensive grains separately.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
THE MANURIAL INGREDIENTS OF
FEEDS
National Crop improvement Service

National Crop improvement Servicel
Nitrogen is the most important and
most valuable fertilizing element sup
piled by feeds, and it is in this ele-
ment that they show the greatest
variation.
The Connecticut Experiment Sta
ton states that it was found that the
average mixed fertilizer contained
2.95 per cent nitrogen and showed in
a table that eighteen of fifty-two diff
ferent feeds contained 1893 per cent.
Among this list is cottonseed and lin
seed meals, gluten seed, middlings,
brewers and distillers' products, and
a few Of the feed mixtures. It is OBJ
vious, therefore, that wise selection
of feeds enhances the value of the
manure and consequently plays an
important part in farm economy.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
DIFF FERENT COWS, DIFFERENT
FEEDS
National CrOp Improvement Service

National Crop Improvement Service.l
No suggestions that we can offer
nor any other formula that can be
made can be followed to the letter as
a druggist follows the prescription Of
a physician. Feeds vary in their nu-
tritive values, some being better than
the average and some not as good,
and COWS vary in their ability to di-
geSt and transform nutriment. These
conditions make it necessary for the
feeder to use a good deal of judgment
and not follow too blindly the sugges-
tions of others. Any good stock feed
is recommended as a base, to be sup
plemented by homegrown roughage
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
DOUBLE DUTY
A Dairy Ration Has TWO Main Uses
Life ard Product.
national Crop improvement service.l


national Crop improvement service.l
A ration is divided into two parts:
/. The part needed to maintain or
keep the animal alive.
2. The part needed to make
stored up material like wool, fat.
meat or milk.
Milk is roughly in solids, one-thifd
each casein (protein), fat and sugar.
The casein in milk can only be fur
nished by the protein in the food.
The fat and sugar may be derived
from either protein, fat or carbo-
hydrates.
If a COW has the ability to give so
pounds of milk containing two pounds
of casein, and only gets enough pro-
TEN to make one pound Of caseIn,
then she will only give % pounds Of
milk.
A balanced ration is one that has
just the exact amount Of protein, fat
and carbohydrates that the COW
needs. Just what this is We cannot
ever say exactly, because the amounts
vary from week to week and no two
cows are alike, nor are feeds alike.
practical ration is one that has
sufficient protein and enough total
food to make the greatest amount Of
milk without the COW losing weight.
A commercially successful ration is
the one that makes the most milk or
profit, keeps the COW healthy and en-
ableS the use of the most roughage.
All the hay and ensilage !. COW can
eat will keep her alive and make
about Is pounds Of milk. Any more
milk has to come from grain or grain
feed
The farm can usually raise carbo-
hydrates cheap in the form Of hay and
ensilage, and, outside Of clover, peas,
etc, protein can usually be bought
cheaper than it can be raised.
The average price of protein feeds
with 20 per cent digestible protein
was about $25 to $35 per ton before
the war, but the prices are much
higher now, while hay (clover) with
~ per cent digestible protein has
been rated at $40 per ton, so the pro
tein feed at $40 would furnish protein
about the same as clover at $40.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
SALT FOR CATTLE.

National Crop Improvement Servieel
Professor Henry says that a cow
requires three-quarters of an ounce
per day per 1000 lbs. of weight and
sixtenths of an ounce per day per 20
lbs. milk. Therefore, a cow which
weighs 1900 lbs and gives 80 lbs. milk
should have Is ounce salt 1t must
be remembered, however, that salt is
generally included in high-grade dairy
feeds: 1t is we'll to give COWS access
to extra salt. They will take what
their roughage demands
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
THE PRICE OF FEED.

National Crop Improvement SerlceI
Feed is handled on a smaller mar
gin than coal, ton for ton. The retail
feed dealer who buys in carload lots
can sell as cheap as the manufacturer
can in less-than-carload lots, the diff
ference in freight rates being the
dealers gross profit. In nearly every
instance, a group of farmers can or
der their feed, through a dealer, in
carloads and make material saving.
The difference in freight alone will
show good profit.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
CONCENTRATES FOR RATlONS
Taken From an Article by e. S. Saw
age, Professor of Animal :Hus-
bandry, New York College
Of ArrirIIIftrra
of Agriculture.
National Crop Improvement Service

National Crop improvement Seryice.l
A good rule to follow in all rations
is to have at least three plants repre-
sented in the ration. There are seven
factors which should be considered:
CD Bulk, CD Digestibility, co R9la-
lion between the digestible protein
Ind carbohydrates and fat, CD Vari-
ETY., (5) Suitability of the feeds to the
animal and product, (6) Palatability,
CD Cost.
AS an example, choosing the cheap
est feeds relatively, considering ma
nurial values, suitability and all, we
would recommend the following mix
ture Of grains as suitable for dairy
COWS at present prices:
600 pounds distillers dried grains.
400 pounds gluten feed.
300 pounds wheat bran or brewers
dried grains.
400 pounds hominy feed.
300 pounds cottonSeed or oil meal.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
National Crop Improvement seryice1

It is a fair assumption that any
farmer who talks against mixed feeds
does not know what a mixed feed
ought to be. There is no danger of
any man buying fraudulent feed. The
state laws are very stringent on this
point and If any man has any doubt
as to the value of a feed, all he has
to do is to write his State Experiment
Station and get the truth.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
National Crop Improvement Service. ]

A practical test shows that eight
tons of first class dairy feed will re-
place 13 1-3 tons of farm grain, max
ing a proportionate saving of about
$40 per ton and it also puts three
times as much fertilizer back. on the
farm as is in the grain this farmer
could sell.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
STRAW SHOULD BE SPREAD.

National Crop improvement Seryicc.l
The feeding value of straw being
comparatively low, and the fertilizing
value being high, all straw should be
spread upon the fields and not burned
or wasted The use of straw to pre-
vent winter-killing of wheat is now
we'll established
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Improvement oaTvIee.l
Ordinarily, silage will correct the
tendency to costiveness. When it is
not sufficiently effective for this pur-
pose, add enough old process oil meal
to keep the droppings moderately
soft, but not necessarily loose. Usu-
ally all that is needed is to increase
the allowance of concentrates.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
EXPENSIVE PASTURE.

National Crop Improvement Service.l
When you stop to consider that an
acre of pasture will feed a COW, but
that that same acre will raise ten tons
of silage during the time the COW is
feeding on it, it would seem that a
grass cafeteria would be the most ex-
pensive way to feed your stock.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
National Crop Improvement ssryIes.l

There is no sense in hauling two
loads of cheap feed when one load of
high-grade feed will do the work aid
costs but three-fourths as much as the
two loads.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
MORE FEED. MORE MILK.

National Crop Improvement Service.]
Cows of decided dairy type will
return the greatest profit when fed
to their full apacity.-Nebraska Elk
pertinent Station.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
GIVE cows PLENTY OF WATER
National Crop Improvement Servic

National Crop Improvement Service
When COWS are in full milk they re-
quire plenty of water. It is stated
authoritatively that COWS in full flow
of milk will consume SO per cent
more water than when dry.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
National Crop improvement service.l

Starchy feeds like corn and oats
often sell as high as protein feeds be-
cause of the demand Tor them for
horses and other work animals.
Starchy feeds are also good to fatten
steers. That is why they are often as
high in price as dairy feeds, which are
strong in protein.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
National Crop improvement. Service

The human element in dairy feed is
important. Two men may have the
same equipment, one make good
money, the other fail, while both are
supposed to be feeding by the same
system and the same tables.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Poverty holds mortgage on the
feeder who can see nothing but the
price. Some feeds are as cheap at $50
as other at $25 per ton.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

There are always two sides to every
question. If the government insists
on more bran in -four bossy will have
to turn to still more artificial bran.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Don't figure too fine on rations.
Be liberal but don't overfeed. You
can kill all of your profit by feeding
more than the cow can assimilate
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
National Crop Improvement Service.

Homegrown grains can often be prof
itably traded for protein feeds. While
oats are generally demanded for horse
feed, they are nearly always too ex-
pensive for dairy feed. Oats by-prod-
ucts, however, are very useful for
bulk.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

No protein-no casein; no casein-
no milk; not enough protein-not so
much milk; also not enough feed-not
so much food.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

When you buy hay for cows it U.s.
ually costs more than grain by-prod-
ucts, although it costs half as much
per ton.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Foods with the highest protein and
highest analysis are usually but not
always the cheapest to use.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
Poor feed sells to poor feeders.

Only that part of the feed that d.
gest is Of use-the rest is mostly fer
tilizer material.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Take the chill off the drinking water
in cold weather and COWS will drink
more and produce more.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Wheat bran is dear feed. Barley
and rye by-products are more eco
nomical.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Cows won't make milk out of water
and air.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07

Horse sense is good cow sense.
Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1917-06-07
TABLES OF DlGESTlELE NUTRl.
ENTS AND ENERGY VALUES

Compiled From Henry G. Morrison,
1915 Edition, Massachusetts 1911
Annual Report, Pennsylvania
Bulletin ia.
National Crop Improvement Servicel
d-Armsby Corrections.
k-Kellner.
Deming graphic., 1917-12-21
Licensed TO Wed

The past week the following par
ties have taken ont - license to sail
on lhc malrim"ulal -ra of life:
Eda Steel, pcmin-, y. W.; William
+. McCarthy, ManhaIo, Mlnn.
Nittic wilkins. Columbus. y. W.,
Joe DAVIS. Columbus, y. NJ,
barbara Castle. ncming. y. NJ
.lo-rph F. llamrl. Drming. \. VI.
Warda ;. Bolrnr. pomlng. \. NJ.
fNgcuc u. Iiorarh. Dcmng. \. v.
Charlotte Wilhcmina, ncmng, y
NJ. Jane. II. Foster, New Orleans
La
Hazel Thompson, Columbus. \. VI
Willie Young. Columbus. y. NJ.
Katherine Robertson, Dcming. \
NJ. E-pcv Msug. 'h"ag"' III.
Re-- Stow,ll, onowa. Iowa NJ
bert Milton, pcming, \, NJ.
N,lnc johnson. pcmins, y. W.
George H. Ric,. Dcming, y. NJ.
Lola Barker. Dcmug, y. NJ Er
re-, \ Wolf. ncmng, \, VI.
Minnie Jack on. columbus. y VI.
Edward " PAGE, Columbu-, y, VI
Mr.. Mlvuc Wilson, Columbus, \
NJ. Jamo- " Wilson, DR., 'oInmho'
y. N, ,,
Christine MclIand, pcmng' \. W.
Harold ll1mau-"u, Ni"uN tail-'
u. ~,
Emma langley. pcmng y. VI
Charley H. Woodward, Dcmins. \. \
Marie iberl, peming, \. VI
Ralph l.. Eldrcd, Glenn terr!
Idaho. -,
Mary Mu-mrn. ncmn., y VI
Gilbert l.. Rothwcll. p"mu2' \. y
Grace Miller. Demlne, \. VI; "'
F.. lonc.. Batavia. Iowa.
Mr.. Iona Timplc. pcmng' " VI
sam Ua-,oon. Omaha. Nehr
Rosa Brown. Dcming, y. W.; "a
m Eochcl. Council Bluffs. iowa
Deming graphic., 1917-12-21
Important Examinations

Senator \. A. Jones has made ar
rangemenis for examinations to he
held simultaneously at various places
IN the state on December 22d for his
designations To the United States Ma
val and Military Academes. lie has
heen notified bv the government au
thorliies that he will have at HI dis
posal the designation of two primer
pal candidates To West Point, aud
two nltcrnatcs Ia each principal. and
three principal candidates to Anna
nohs with three allcnales to each
principal The examinations will he
conducted under the direction of D..
/ Frank IT, ii. Roberts, President oi
/ the New Mexico Normal University.
/ thru the local hl.h school Instructors
1T various convenient places which
will bc announced later. The pa
;cr, will br graded strictly upon the
merits of the applicant ~ dem
un~trnlrd bv the examination.
So many apllicalion, Tor dee
'enalion~ have been received bN Scua-
tor Jones that he ha- determined 90
Luld lhc~r competitive examinations
-, the faircst and hest way of -ccur-
in. the lll;clc~t candidates. II =
hi idea 10 place these appointment :
upon the basis ui merit alone VIII h
rot only rcmovc- amy suspicion oi
rolilic~ but lu-urca New Mexico that
her finest men available viii he sent
~ compete for the honor oi enrolling
at these schools which viii turn ont
p the future army and navy officers foi
. nclc sam. lie feels that patriotism
| q, mand iha, ne mistake he made n
-clccline our Officers for botl
! brnnchc~ of the service.
b. Full information regarding the cN
= animation can be- obtained from DR.
: Rnhcrt~ at l.a, Vega. New Mckee
Y ,r from senator lonc, ~ Washing
/ ton. After the designations haN'
been made a~ u result of these exam
e nations II will he necessary for th
;. -urcc~-iul candidate. to stand tn
L government examinations which cal
II lc taken either IN New Mexico. or II
i the east. should the candidate, com
uu for special preparation, which !
suggested a, advisable. The govern
r monl examination tor West Pom
viii be- held March 10, lnlN, and 70
,r Annapolis either February ~ q
j. April lG. l0ls, ~ the candidate m1
= ,,crt.
Deming graphic., 1917-12-21
Invalid Warplanes to Carry Mail

plan- are brme laid bN the post
cficc department for the use "l IN
4 \alidcd warplanc-, arcordln" ]" "h
announcement of the national adNl'-
,r, committee for arrnnautir-. TN
department will soon ne
Gin the mapping oul of aerial ro''ie-
in preparation for the expenditure "l
the 100000 granted 1t bv consrc~,
with which To experiment with aer"i
6cllycric-. Several planes now con i-
.l,uctcd for military use are rapldN
ooino on, of date for military SER
Vice. and il i believed their use VIII
save the department thousand, 'l
rnllars. The advisory commit e'
a, begun program for converting
tho neronautic energy into healthy
commercial lines after the war
Plans are already being adopted Ter
the establishment of aero coast pn'-
,ol- and for mapping the country o'
ir photography.
Deming graphic., 1917-12-21
Bob Gets the Coin

On ms return from Wa hngton
TIN. week, where he has been attend
nc an important war work confer
,ncc. state School superintendent J..
II. Wagner will distribute to the
common schools of New Mexico =
total of S3O5. 5.O6j. 80. being the larg-
est single apportlonmcnt ever mad
lo common schools ui New Mexico
IN the history of Tia" state OF the
total amount to he distributed, r2GI,-
Inl.OI. or almost ~ per capita Tor
the states school population, lS
drawn from the common schools M
.urur fund derived from rentals pi
tate school land. In addition To the
amount already transferred to the
department of education. the state
auditor has -till - considerable FUND
remaining of the common school land
income fund which has been paid IL
hN State Land Commissioner Ervler
and which will 90 Ia the schools in Fl
lalcr apporiionmeni.