davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Mohave County miner., 1917-09-01

| tive physical action, whereas its fuI significance is covered in law if the
 "act' be thing (something, any
 thing) which admits of direct evi-
 dence. When used in connection
 with the word fact" the extent of the limitation which the word "overt" in-
 poses is merely to exclude thoughts. ''
 For though a thought is an act, it is not an overt act. An "overt act" can, however, be as well words as deeds. or as well negative as affirmative in character, provided only that it be, as said above, a matter capable of being brought out by direct evidence of its having existed-that is, pro- vided that 1t was a thing which had an outward manifestation at the time, as opposed, in sense, to matters which fall within the category of things which are merely intended or are contemplated or purposed. It must not be understood that mere words, however approbative of the enemy, necessarily constitute treason. But it must be borne in mind that the utter ing, orally or in writing, or words is 2n overt act, and their utterance by a given individual may constitute the crime of treason. For example: Q verbal or written statement of the governments forces in certain place, CT of its intention, constitutes an overt act. If information which aids or encourages the enemy be conveyed by the statement and the statement be made by one who adheres to the enemy this constitutes treason within the definition of the constitutional provision.
 So also quite a general error exists of the scope of the word adhere. One who believes in view, or an opinion, or is attached by liking or preference to an individual or to nation, is properly designated in law as being one adhereing to such view, or opinion, to such person or people. Adherence to the enemies of the United States represents, therefore, a state of mind, the mental attitude of an individual. But, merely to be by liking to nation which is at war with the United States does not constitute the crime of trea- son. One must be both mentally at tached to such enemy and also give them aid or comfort. That combina-
Mohave County miner., 1917-09-01
THE NAVY BLUE

Say Pal saw you sheer just now, We'll don't I look good to you? I'm not in your class, Ehl
 Cause l wear the ''Navy Blue". You may not think I'm good enough For such a guy as you We'll better men than you my friend Have worn the Navy Blue". You bar us from your bathrooms
 Your theaters have no place For men who wear the uniform
 Say Pal! It's no disgrace. The men who wear the "Navy Blue" Are strong and true and brave Not weddings such as you, "Why man" Your only fit for the grave. I'm mighty proud of my uniform, And wouldn't trade with you, For I'm just as good as you, Pal, If I do wear the 'Navy Blue". And guess when my cruise is finish
 ed
 And my work on earth is through l won't find the gates of Heaven clos
 ed
 If do wear the Navy Blue".
 -Anonymous.
Mohave County miner., 1917-09-01
THE LAW OF TREASON
(By Charles Stewart Davison in the
 New York Tribune) :

(By Charles Stewart Davison in the
 New York Tribune)
 Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and com fort" GU. S. Cons, Art. III. Sec.3. ]
 The framers of the Constitution were desirous of guarding in every essential the rights of the individual. Accusation of treason as a convenient weapon of a government was not unknown to them either in theory or experience. They therefore deemed it wise in relation to this particular crime against government-a crime which is characterized as the most serious crime known to the law-that 1t should be limited and defined in the fundamental law itself, and that in its definition it should affirmatively appear that nothing else and nothing less than that which they there de- fined should be held to constitute the defense. To this end they inserted in the definition the word "only;" that no act save one which fell within the definition should be attempted to be included by assimilation or as cognate.
 The further phrase in this same section of this article of the constitu- tion provides that convictions for treason must be on the testimony of at least two witnesses to the same "Overt act" (unless the charge be con fessed in open court.) The exact phrase is: "'No person shall be con victed of treason unless on the testi- mony of two witnesses to the same overt act or on confession in open court"
 But many people misconceive the scope and significance of the word "act". An expression of opinion is fully as much an act as is a blow. Any exercise of either bodily or men tai power constitutes "an act'- thoughts and words equally with deeds. So also the reverse-non- action when occasion demands the exertion of mental or bodily power is equally "an act''.
 There is also popular misunder- standing of the meaning of the word "overt" when used in connection with the word "act''. It is supposed by many to impart the idea of affirma-
Mohave County miner., 1917-09-01
LABOR DAY TO BE
 OBSERVED MONDAY

Next Monday, Sept. 3, is Labor day and has been proclaimed a legal holi- day throughout the country. The day will be observed generally throughout Mohave county, but there will be an absence of any holiday parades or for nal celebration. The stores in King man will close at 1 o'clock Monday afternoon, owing to the fact that general hardship would be worked on the public if they remained closed.
Mohave County miner., 1917-09-01
conduct

from a persons course of conduct and the jury's deduction will stand.
 Third-That the utterance of either written or spoken words is as much an overt act as is deed.
 Fourth-That doing and saying or writing anything which tends to hearten or encourage the enemy whether aimed against these United States or in form against any ally in war of these United States, is as much within the provision of the constitution as would be the render ing of material physical aid to the common foe.
 Fifth-That the test of modern con ditions will be applied in determining whether the speaking or writing may be reasonably deemed to have afford ed aid and comfort to the enemy, to have encouraged his resistance, to have heartened his effort.
 And, finally, that there is sure to be a popular demand for the eXecu- tion of traitors as soon as the lives of our men commence to be taken. For experience has shown that such a demand arises in every country un- der such circumstances; being urged as matter of common prudence for the protection of the land; and it IS hard to successfully show in every instance that it is not justified. Wherefore it may befall that all of the admirers of autocracy may not be saved from the results of what cannot but be designated their own criminal folly.
Mohave County miner., 1917-09-01

SIDNEY, N. B.-Donald McMillan's Arctic expedition returned here the first of the week after four years spent in the far north. McMillan de- clared emphatically that the Crocker Land, which Admiral Peary claimed to have discovered, was only mirage.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
Nations Potato Crop VIII
Not Reach Expectations

International News Service:
WASHINGTON. Sept. Amer
ica's potato crop will not reach eX-
peCtaious. Reports to this effect
reached the food administration to-
day. Late blight and insects are de
strOying thousands of bushels of
potatoes today.
Three weeks ago the food ad-
ministration estimated that there
would be 100000 bushels Of po-
tatoes produced i'm America this year
over the normal crop. The average
normal crop is 35O.00O,O 00 bushels.
Today they placed these estimates at
only between $4,000, 900 and SO,O)O,-
O00 above normal The danger of
frost may pull this estimate even
further down.
Early agitation for large prOduc-
ton caused an increased acreage OF
100000 acres in potato planting
this year. This increased acreage
would have produced a super abund-
ance of potatoes had il not been for
the blight which has set in during
the past three weeks.
There is no present indication,
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
@l~<Z<PND9Do~n9E

however, that there will be an alb
normal price for potatoes this win
ter The food administration de-
clares potatoes Will sell for much
less than they did last year
Lou d. Sweet of Colorado has
been appointed potato expert for the
United States food administration.
1t is his duty TO see that the potato
crop is equitably distributed and at a
fair price.
The food administration declares
on Sept. that a conference Of all
the dealers in potatoes from the
large cities will be held at the head
quarters of the food administration.
At that time some definite plan for
the distribution OF the potato crop
will be worked out. There must be
no boarding. IL is the hope OF
Sweet that no agreement can he
reached whereby the dealers will
agree to a fixed profit for handling
the potato crop.
a maximum price for potatoes
will be the last resort of the food
administration.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS
From Records OF Indiana TITLE
and Loan Co.

Charles Weidler and wife to
Charles Kueuger. a lot on Sample
St. $4,000.
Adolph Kamm, ST.. and wife TO
Charles Weidler part of lot Z J. X.
Fowler's subdivision. 81.
Same to Same a lot on Sample
st, 81.
John Yilell and wife to same. a
tract of land in Harris township. 81.
Dixon w. Place and wife 10 Jen-
meta =. Swartz, lot 8 section 6 East
ern Division in Changers addition
to Woodlawn cemetery, $50.
Lizzie Rush Moredock and hus-
band to Edward II. Rush, lot Il
Rush's 4th addition. 81.
Michael +. Calnon and wife TO
William A. Dugdale, part of lot 273
third addition Park place, 81
Leslie g. Whitcomb and wife TO
Grace r. Tompsett and Grenville r.
Tompsett part Of lot 500 O. p. South
Bend. $3.50
Ella j. Ford and George w Ford
TO John Froelich, lot 23S Fordham,
$525.
Leslie G. Whitcomb and Fred W.
Keller. the 81. Joseph Loan and
Trust co. and Martha +. Hitler TO
the city OF South Bend. a strip for
part Of Ewing av.
Baltimore and Ohio and Chicago
Railway Co. TO the g. r. Folsom
Iron works. a tract Of land in Walk
ertOn. S.
Clarence u. Knoblock and wife to
John Kefrey and wife. lot 1t2 Ber-
ner Grove 1st addition. 81.
Fred Thomas and wife 10 the city
Of South Bend. part Of lot 20 oak
Park 4th addition
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
7. P. A. POST PICNICS
At BERRIEN SPRINGS

Fifty members and their families
attended the post X. II. +. A. eth
annual basket picnic at Berrien
Springs. Mich. Saturday. 4 program
Of contests were prepared IN which
men. women and children took
part Among the events held was an
indoor ball game won 10y j. a.
Kaufer's team; horseshoe pitchiug
contest by A Fries. foot race for
men over a. years old Icy Mr.
Kaufer. walking race FOR married
ladies by Mrs Waltz chicken fight
bv Miss Jacobson Bail throwing
contests and various kinds OF races
were also on the program. Prizes
were awarded 20 the winners OF
each contest. Mr. and Mrs Fries re-
ceived the prize for the oldest mar
ried couple present
The next regular meeting Of Post
X viii be held at the oliver hotel
Saturday evening Sept
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
SWEDISH LUTHERANS
AID MILITIA FUND

\ contribution of S25 to the com
pany fund of the local militia units
was ordered at a meeting of the
Luther league of the Swedish Lu-
theran church Friday evening This
action was taken following the pre-
sentation of a patriotic program.
Flags were used in decoration.
The girls OF the league took steps
toward organizing themselves for
Red Cross work \ committee con
sisting OF Misses Karin Helquist,
olga Berg and Olga Peterson was
appointed to look after details of the
organization. Among the young men
committee consisting OF Harry
Berg. Ever kullenberg and Ivar
Wandel was appointed TO work out
plans for personal remem brances TO
members Of the league now in the
service of the United States.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
GRAIN DEALERS SOAK
FARMERS AT DISCOUNT

Associated Press Service.
WASHINGTON, Sept. Re
ports that in some sections where
this years crop OF wheat is now
being moved grain dealers are as
sessing farmers at discount, con-
tending that the levy is made man
datory by the grain standards act,
are being investigated by the de-
partment of agriculture.
The department announced to-
night that the assessments appar-
emily are being made under the
"dockage" clause of the act. which
provides for a change in grade
designation.
From Information received 90
SAYS the department statement. lit
appears thai the discount is actual
~ an arbitrary assessment in the
interest of the buyers, and is
neither on the basis OF the official
standards nor required or contem-
plated by the act
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
RURAL CARRIERS IN
SESSION AT MARION
Assocloted Press Service

Associated Press Service:
MARION. Ind. Sept 1.-The pre-
liminary session of the annual state
convention Of the Indiana Rural
Letter Carriers association was held
in this city tonight to get reports
completed and other work outlined
for the chief session Monday. Many
delegates arrived tonight and all viii
be here for the sightseeing tour sun
day. The state officers and members
Of the executive committee arrived
this afternoon W. u. Brown Of
Washington, editor Of the r. r. ID.
News, and ex-COng. George ".
Steele will speak at Mondays ses-
sion, as Will Cong Milton Kraus. II
his duties will permit his leaving
Washington. Officers will be elect
ed, and the next convention city
chosen at the Monday afternoon SEES
sion.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
TURNS SHOW WINDOW
TO FRIENDS OF SOLDIERS

4 front window, appropriately
decorated as receptacle for Sits
TO the soldiers. has been Installed
az the Platner cigar store y. Main
-. with an invitation 20 the public
20 deposit therein whatever they
may wish 20 help out South Bend
TOYS in the army
Tobacco. shOe-strings. cigars,
Had pencils. coco colas anything
goes" says George Planer. Pay
Your money. or deposit your wares.
and We do the rest The plan has
been tried out in number OF cities
with remarkable success. according
go Platner. and be is anticipating
much in the way of results here.
A good start in the way of con-
tubuuons is already IN evidence.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
HEARING GIVEN WOMAN
WHO STOLE WIFE AWAY

UNION HILL, y. J.. Sept. IL
Amid the women who steal hus-
bands away. Miss Emiline Moller. a
school teacher today stood out az
"thc woman who stole wife away
Because Of charges OF Philip Noeth.
"a saloon keeper. that Miss AIoller
had hypnouzed his wife and caused
Mrs. Nocth 20 desert her home and
four children. Miss Moiler has re-
signed a. teacher and left the city-
At a hearing by the school board.
Miss Moller denied Noeth's charges
and said that his cruelty was the
cause OF his wife leaving him
Members Of the board said that
correspondence between the two
women showed that Miss Moller vas
OF a highly emotional nature.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
PLAN FAREWELL
FOR COMP ANY {
Century Club to be Scene of
Reception to Departing
Soldier Boys.

News Times Special Service:
ELKHART, Sept. AT the Cen
fury club some night next week
Co. ] will be the guest OF the pub
lie This is TO be the farewell Elk
hart Will give the company. Not
only is Co. + TO be the guest of the
public. but they re TO be extended
every courtesy that it will be pos
sible for the city to show them
The Family theater has already
offered TO admit all men in uni
form free to any show. The Ath-
ertOn club and the Century club
have given all members of Co. +
privileges TO their club rooms at
any time
The drafted men will also be
given an entertainment and the
same privileges as Co. Z, but the
Co. Il boys will come first.
j. l. Liver. II. w. Boles and l..
ID. Hall expressed themselves in
favor of an open town for Co. Z.
The following committees were
named:
Finance Boron G. Cawley. L. A.
Simpson, J. l. Liver and w. A.
Bump.
Entertainment-J. c. Lane, L.
G. Vanderlip. Bert ID. Houseworth,
j. II. State and L. ID. Hall.
Banquet-M. +. Grow, A. G.. Gil
man, c. c. Colbert, W. A. Bump,
II. W. Boles and E. A. Skinner.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
GERMAN WILL BE
CONTINUED HERE
Five instructors in Grade and
High Schools Are Among
Those ReappOinted.

The German language and litera-
ture will continue to he taught in
South Bend public schools. Not
only will the classes in the high
school be resumed but the language
will be taught in the grade schools
as well.
That was made plain Saturday
when the appointments of teachers
for the coming year were announced.
Three teachers will devote their eX-
elusive time 70 German in the high
school and two will be employed
with classes in the grade schools.
The faculty of the new Washing
ton school which VIII be opened next
Tuesday was also announced. II. G..
Incl. who for a while was acting
superintendent is principal at this
building. The other members Of the
faculty follow:
Blanche McCreary, Georgia kistler,
Janet Muro. Bertha Galloway, Helen
Wood. Edna Trobaugh, Gertrude
Carlson. Beulah Mattindale. Maty J.
II. TAYLOR. Helen Ulerich, Janet Rus
sell. Glendora Knoblock, Zoe Christ
ley. Katherine Beach. Grace Rabbit
Gertrude Birner, Gladys Snapp, NJ
r. Langell.
Many Changes Made.
4 considerable number Of changes
and new appointments are noted In
the list made public Saturday, but
all OF them are among the teaching
stats. the principalships remaining
the same as last year. The follow
ING list shows those newly appointed
or transferred. covering all Of the
schools in the city.
High school-C. A. Metz. matha-
mates: Elizabeth NIatheny. Francis
NJ. r. Thackaberry, English: J. Y
Masters. history; d. O. Miller. com
mercial
Grammar school-Orville Keltner
history: Edith Beyrer. reading
Louise Gill. commercial.
Special-Bernadine Cameron, art
Rebecca Carr, Katherine Kreutzer
Fanny A. Thomas. school nurses.
Colfax-Hope Ettinger.
Division street-Lucile Lane, Inel
De Frees.
Franklin-Enie Phiscater. Heller
Clark.
Kaley-Hazel streeter Inez vii
son.
Lafayette. L. kemper. Anna
Greening.
Laurel-Florence Keruer.
LincOln-LOra Workman. Esther
Edgren.
Linden-Hazel Thompson. Bertu.
/ Farlow. Valeria Miller. Carolyn d
I Brown. Medira Merrill Ruth Pick
erl
! Madison-Lillian COhn, Estell;
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
SAX CAR FOR SHOPPERS
DRIVEN BY WOMAN

The second car purchased by the
Charles b. sax * Co. for the ac-
commodation Of their customers,
will be driven 10y a woman. When
advertising for a driver for this car
il was thought that il might be a
difficult task trying To locate "a wom-
an 10 drive "A car of this kind. as il
was something entirely new in
South Bend. But the ad was placed.
and the next morning a driver was
hired for the new car.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
HEAR FROM MENNONITEs.

Times Special Service:
ELKHART, Sept. L. Three
young Mennonites appeared before
the draft board today, accompanied
by their minister, and asked why
they did not receive certificates on
which to file their appeals for eX-
emption. They were referred 10
James II. State, who has charge of
federal affairs in this section. He
told them that certificates were be-
ing printed in Goshen and that they
would receive one as soon as they
are printed.
TIE Mennonites, who held con-
ference at Wakarusa, decided not
TO deal with local authorities any
longer, but to send a number of
delegates to Washington and make
an appeal for exemption for their
drafted on religious objections.
They will also confer with Sec'y of
War Baker and Provost Marshal
Gen. CrOwder.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
Pence, kathryn Rittinger.

Pence, Kathryn Rittinger.
Muessel-Zella Jair, Edna Baird,
Gertrude Wood, Anna Murphy.
Oliver-Agnes Gallagher, Fawn
Long. Jane Brown, Iona Swindler,
Margaret Sylvanus. Leila Young.
Perley-F Florence Findley, Bernice
Augustine, Stella Harcourt.
River Park-Clem Shearer. Es-
Their Kirkpatrick, Helen Mawson.
Studebaker-Nellie Warren, Flor
ence Smith.
Vocational-J W. Rittinger. Grace
King, G. VI. Davis.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
18 YEAR OLD ARTIST
SHOWS HIS PAINTINGS

A most interesting collection OF
oil paintings is being shown at the
Makielski Art shop this week. The
work is that of Harry b. Smith, an
Is year-o old artist. who is "a son OF
Mr. and Mrs. r W. Smith. 81
Wayne ST. Mr.. Smith. who has had
several years training ~ the Prin-
cipia Military school in a.. Louis.
Mo. was a student Of Leon Ma
kielsh for one summer. and his
work gives promise of future.
Mr.. Smith will leave shortly for
New York, where he viii study art
during the winter
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
FUNERALS
MRS. MARYETTE SMITH.

Mrs. Maryette Smith, 80 years old,
who died Wednesday at the home
of her daughter, Mrs. +. BrOuse, in
Cass county. Mich, was buried Fri
day in the Smith Chapel cemetery
She is survived by four daughters
Mrs. Amos Palmer Of South Bend
Mrs. Emma Harter of Indianapolis
Mrs Ford Griffin and Mrs +
Brouse of Cass county, Mich. and
two sons. +. H. Smith of Salt Lake
City, Utah, and ID. G. Smith of Mo-
destO, Calf.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
Aviatrix Forced
To Land After
Starting Flight

international News Service.
CHICAGO, Sept. Miss RATHER
inc Stinson. who started from Chi
cago at $40 this morning for a
flight to New York. came down az
Porter. Ind at the southern tip of
Lake Michigan before she had bare
ly got under way
81 had spark plug trouble" Miss
Sunson said over the phone from
"a Porter hotel shortly after landing.
II am very sorry 90 disapp0int
the people, but viii not try it
again until my machine is in per-
feet condition.
II shall ship my machine back 20
Chicago today and start from there
again. don't know when I'll start.
Whenever conditions are perfect I'll
make another try"
Miss StinSOn Disappointed.
Miss Stinson was considerably ex-
cited and upset 10y the weakness
which her plans developed She
plans 10 make nonstop flight and
best the record OF Miss Ruth Law
II she can.
Miss Stinson started from Grant
park Two or three hundred per-
sons were up al the early hour 90
wish her luck. For several DAYS She
had gone early 20 the park. ready
for a start II conditions Of wind and
weather We're favorable, and in each
instance found some condition
,s--r.s-rr EI. u.fTf r--aff for "a most
wind before making another Try. T.
had been reported that she would
make her trip on Sunday and c
may be that her second trial wiI
be made on that day.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
MISS CHARLOTTE CANS.

The funeral of Miss Charlotte
Cans will be held Sunday afternoon
at , O'Clock from the Orvis chapel.
The services will he private. but the
body may be viewed at the chapel
from 10 10 u o'clock Sunday morn
ing. Rev. Keck will be in charge
of the services and burial will be
made i'm the city cemetery.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
Gen. pershi,1q Establishes
Ne1U Field Headquarters

by the French. While the Offices
in this city formerly used by the
Americans have been abandoned a.
headquarters, they will be retained
as a relay station between the ports
Of debarkation and field headquar-
tiers.
A procession Of trucks loaded with
office supplies that moved ponder
Ously toward the railway station was
tangible evidence that Gen. Pershing
is now moving his headquarters into
the field TO assume immediate COM
mand Of the American forces.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-09-02
WASTE NO FOOD
Food Waste of About 700 Million Dollars

earnestly the
the o
there's
them Gin tito
the fanGeso
Wsseb conidea il
thu expta in
number 0 courses consumed
nrnanvca is If