davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1917-07-20
MICHAELIS O.K.'S
LAWFUL" WAR
BY SUBMARINES
New German Chancellor
Tells Reichstag He'll Con-
tinue Old Policy.
SEES SHORTER CONFLICT
False Prophets of Peace, He
Says, Do Disservice to
Fatherland.

COPENHAGEN, July fs.-Dr. Georg
Michaelis, the new Imperial German
Chancellor, in his address to the Reichs-
tag Thursday afternoon declared his ad-
hesion to Germany's submarine cam
paign. asserting 1t to be lawful meas
ure. justifably adopted and adapted for
shortening the war.
DR.. Michaelis opened shis Reichstag
speech with a hearty tribute to DR.. Won
Bethmann-H Hollwes, the retiring Imperial
Chancellor, whose work, he said, history
would appreciate
The Chancellor declared that the war
was forced upon unwilling Germany by
the Russian mobilization and that the
submarine war was also forced upon
Germany by Great Britains illegal
blockade starvation war.
The faint hope that America, at the
head Of the neutrals, would check Great
Britain's illegality was vain, Germany &
final attempt to avoid the extremity by
a peace offer failed and the submarine
campaign was adopted, said the Chan
cellor.
The submarines, the speaker cOntin'
ued. had done all and more than hat
been expected and the false prophet:
who had predicted the end of the wal
at a definite time had done a disser
vice to the fatherland.
The sun., 1917-07-20
EMMA GOLDMAN
GETSAN APPEAL
Brandeis Hands Down Writs
of Error in Her Case and
Berkman'S.

WASHINGTON. July 19-Writs of error
were handed down by Associate Justice
Louis d. Brandeis OF the Supreme Court
Of the United States In the cases OF
Emma Goldman Alexander Berkman
and Louis Kramer. three separate ac-
tions, to-day.
The writ OF error in the cases OF
Goldman and Berkman was based upon
the charges of conspiracy to defeat the
purposes of the seleetiVe draft law. In
Kramer's case two writs were issued,
one providing that the Supreme Court
shall hear pleadings by reason OF pos
sible error in his conviction under the
same charge as that on which Berkman
and Goldman were convicted, and the
other on the basis of his conviction for
refusing to register.
The bonds for costs In all cases were
fixed at $3.50. Thus far no effort has
been reported to the Supreme Court
looking to the release of any OF the pris-
oners on bail although 1t is likely that
such application will be made.
Counsel for the three prisoners ar
rived here this morning with the appli-
cation and presented the papers to
Justice Brandeis at his home Justice
Brandeis is the presiding Judge in the
Sc .ond judicial Circuit. which in
cludes New York. After examining the
papers Justice Brandeis signed the
writ, and the attorney left on the noon
train for New York.
The sun., 1917-07-20
ADMITS TRIPLE
MOTOR MURDER
TOmpkins COnfesses He Killed
Humphries Family-Mo-
tive Withheld.

YOUNGSTOWN. Pa. July 1s.-Although
according to the authorities George c.
Tompkins of Philadelphia to-day con-
fessed that ne murdered his business as
sociate, Edmund I. Humphries. Philadel-
phia coal operator; Mrs. Humhpries and
their son, Edmund l.. Jr. on n country
road near Carrollton last Sunday there
still Is much mystery as to the motive
for the triple shooting. .,.---..--.--.-.-
At the request OF Tompkins's counsel,
It is understood, Warden Knee OF the
Cambria county Jail at Ebensburg.
where the man is confined, will permit
no one to visit Tompklns. Those con-
ductlng the investigation, which ended to-
day with Tompkins's alleged voluntary
confession, said several days ago mo-
tive for the murders had been uncovered,
but they refuse to disclose this informa-
tion.
Neither has 1t been said whether
TompkIns in his confession assigned a
cause for the crime. His attorney has
stated, however, the man did not put his
confession in writing.
Tompkinss admission OF guilt was
made, according to Warden Knee, while
Attorney Evans, Mrs. Tompkins and the
accused mans father, George c. Tomp-
kins, Sr., of Clifton. n. j., were discuss
ing plans for defence. Mrs. Tompkins
became hysterical.
II killed those three people, killed
them all / killed Humphries in the
corn field. l bought the gun in Johns
| town" were Tompkns's words of confes-
| sion, II is said. With that he arose from
his chair in the warden's office and
walked back to his cell.
Tompkins was accompanying the
! Humphries in their automobile from
| Ebensburg to Philadelphia when the
/ shooting occurred. Driving the automo'
! b.le into Carrolltown shortly afterward
| Tompkins told a story of holdup OF
the party by highwaymen, who, he said
murdered his three companions He
said he had escaped by lying on tbs
road and pretending he was dead.
Tompkins took the bodies of Mrs
Humphries and her son to CarrolltowI
in the automobile. The body of the eldel
Humphries was found in field near thu
scene of the murder.
The sun., 1917-07-20

WASHINGTON, July 10 The first de-
tailed description Of = ngnt between an
American armed merchantman and
U-boat was made public by Secretary
Daniels tonight and shows that In qne
instance at least the merchantnHF
proved no match for the submarine.
which stood out of range and riddled
the ship with shot, setting her aflre ana
forcing the plucky crew to abandon their
burning ship and take to the boats. The
American steamship Moreni, plying be-
tween Savone, Italy, and Beaumont,
Tex, was the vessel sunk, and Andrew
Copassaki of 2O96 Daily avenue, New
York. was in command of the armed
guard.
Points Of particular interest to the
navy are:
The guns used by the submarine were
able to riddle the Moreni at 5000 yards
range, whereas the Moreni's guns had a
range of only 1000 yards
The ammunition on the American boat
was so scanty that Copassah had to
dash through flames on his burning ship
to arrange for passing ammunition from
forward to aft.
The forward gun was out Of action
after only four shots had been fired, ap-
parently because OF defective firing
pin.
Precautions Were Lax.
AS the Moreni is small vessel 1t Is
admitted that the means taken for her
protection were In no sense commensu-
rate with the precautions taken on
larger steamships, but the handicaps
which the American gunners labored un-
der in the fight are nevertheless sufti-
The sun., 1917-07-20
Reserve Seats Early
for Tobacco Benefit

ONE more squirt and THE
~ SUMS Tobacco Fund for Our
Soldiers in the Trenches will pass
the $40, 900 point. 1t stands now
at $19,7l8.17. The next objec-
tive is $4,000, which we will
make with your help before the
snd of July.
Just another word about the
benefit performance in the Win
ter Garden next Sunday night.
The Winter Garden is the coolest
theatre in the city. 1t will be
more comfortable than the sea-
shore. Look over the programme,
printed on another page, and
make your seat reservations
early.
Two more offers to aid the
fund came yesterday. One was
from Typographical Union No. 6,
which Is to play a baseball game
at Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, on
August 6. All contributions will
be turned over to THE SUN to
provide smokes for our boys in
khaki.
Matthew p. Halpin, chairman
of the committee on athletics of
the New York Athletic Club, has
notified THE SUN that the pro-
ceeds of the amateur boxing
tournament to be held in the
clubhouse next Monday will be
donated to the fund.
In all the Schultz Cigar Stores
boxes are available for the de-
post of your Mutual coupons
and certificates-the premiums
| YOU receive with tobacco pur.
chased in those stores. You may
| file tobacco orders there, too, and
make them payable to THE SUN
Fund.
No solicitors or agents are em
pleyed by the fund. The full
stofy will be found on page 4.
The sun., 1917-07-20
MEXTCANS IN BATTLE
WITH u. S. PATROL
Three Fall as 500 Shots Are
Exchanged.

MISSION, Tex, July 19-Approximately
500 shots were exchanged across the Rio
Grande to-day at Ojo de Aqua, eight miles
southwest OF Mission, between a small
American border patrol and number OF
unidentified Mexicans
There were no Amrican casualties, but
latest reports say two or three Mexi-
cans were seen to fall. The engagement
started at IL o'clock this morning and
ceased at o'clock. when the Mexicans
withdrew.
The Americans were under command
Of Corporal Kent, The fightlng started
when several shots were fired from the
Mexican side. The outpost at OJo de
Aqua, hearing the Americans returning
the shots, sent reenforcements under
Sergt. J. C. Henderson. The hghting
continued six hours Late to-day Col
"a II. Delamater reached the scene with
100 men OF X and NJ Companies Of the
second Texas Infantry from nearby
posts.
A strong patrol has been thrown out
along the Rio Grande in the affected sec
tion as precaution against a possible
attempt at border raidng,
From the best information about 10C
Moxlcans participated and one roport
says three distinct bugle calls were
/ heard, indicating that the Americans
were attacked by an organized force.
The sun., 1917-07-20
OPTIMISM IN LONDON.
Germans Believed Dissatisfied d
With Submarine Results.

Germans Believed Dissatished
with Submarine Results.
Special Cable Despatch TO THR Sun from the
London Times
LONDON, July 19.-The naval corre-
spondent of the Times commenting upon
the submarine returns writes:
ut is perhaps not to be wondered
at that there should be growing dis
satisfaction in Germany at the result
of the submarine campaign. The hopes
Awakened by the high results of April
have not been fulfilled. 1t is due no
doubt to this state OF things and with
the purpose of encoura ging the German
public that the press Is publishing heart
ening opinions from the nations leaders.
Whether any real satisfaction can be
felt from the cryptic utterance of Grand
Admiral Won Tirpitz, The U-boat is ex-
tremely effective, but needs time or the
still more mysterious saying of Won
Hindenburg, The U-boat is performing
its Office must be doubtful. The soldier
himself seems to have no great faith in
the naval weapon. while the originator
of the submarine war has to ask more
time, and yet he must know that time
works on our side.
Commerce has been well maintained.
There has been no material falling off In
the use of our ports by the ships of all the
allied and neutral nations. The traffic
returns of the Allies do not indicate that
the submarine is having the success ex-
pected by Germany. The number OF
ships of all nationalities arriving at
French ports has increased from an
average of S42 in March to 1,014 In
June, and the latest return for July
shows a still further advance"
The sun., 1917-07-20
GRAVEST PERIL
SEEN IN U-B0ATS
BY NORTHCLIFFE
British Commissioner En-
phasizes Menace in Ex-
elusive Interview.
CRISIS DUE FEB. I, 1919
Expert Says 100000 Tons Of
Fast DestrOyers and Pa
trolls Are Vital Need.
CRISIS DUE FEB. 1, 1919

The fact that the American people do
not fully appreciate the extreme serious
ness of the German submarine menace
was emphasized yesterday afternoon by
Lord Northcliffe, head of the British
War Mission, in an exclusive interview
given to a reporter for THE SUN. Be-
sides dwelling on the necessity of a ma
tional awakening to the very real sub
marine danger the famous British pub
Usher pointed out the one present cure
the immediate construction of great
feet of vessels fast enough to elude and
outrun the submarines.
Let the United States and her allies
make no mistake about the fact that the
submarine is the most serious feature of
the war at this moment" Lord North
cliffe began. II do not believe Germany
can win the war by the submarine, but
she can and will-if you do not exert
every means in your power-sink your
transports and supply ships.
THE figures issued every week are not
Intentionally misleading, but that they
do mlslead people unacquainted with
shipping is obvious from the lack of at
tention paid to the submarine In this
country. believe the constant state
are a source Of danger they deter your
inventors from using their genius; they
help the enemy by inspiring confidence
that has no justification. At one time
our newspapers were filled with the sam'
kind of stories. When a submarine II
fired at it dives, and II Is only natura
that the gunner should believe he hal
been successful, whereas in the majorit,
Of cases it is known that the submarine
escapes unhurt.
81 sincerely hope THE SUN will use III
great influence to impress upon peopl
here and in Washington the seriousness
of the submarine situation as 1t affect
| US and you.
"The present system of publishing sub
marine figures by Great Britain wa
adopted long ago, and 1t Is possible Ad
niral Geddes. perhaps the most remark
able product of the war in Great Britain
| may see At to issue them In languag
understood by the people. have NJ
doubt he will pay prompt and due at
tention to any comments that may b
made by responsible organs of the pres
OF the United States"
In answer to a question about tn
solution OF the submarine menace he re
piled:
| do not believe in the appearance o
any sudden cures for the submarines
The best cure Is the building of ship
that can attain a speed OF at least fftee
miles an hour while in the danger zon'
The rest must be left to the American
French, Italian and British nRvies unit
an inventor comes along-and up to tn
present he has not emerged"
The sun., 1917-07-20
100000 TONS
A MONTH SUNK
Official Reports Prove Pub
lished Estimate Of 1,60O,-
900 to Be Wrong.

WASHINGTON. July 19.-Offlcial re-
ports of the loss to the shipping of the
world through the operation of the Ger
man submarine campaign show the pub
lished estimates of 100000 tons a
month are widely in excess Of the actual
States authorities, with the full facts
before them, estimated to-day that the
total loss did not exceed 100000 tons
month, with the tonnage estimated on
the basis OF dead weight tonnage.
In plain United States this means that
the figures give the tonnage OF the ships
IL they were loaded to the fullest carry
ing capacity possible.
In the total as officially stated there
is included the British ships sunk, OF
which a weekly announcement is made
the American. French, Italian and all
neutral vessels. The estimate not only
takes into account the losses through
submarines, but includes ships sent to
the bottom by mines, accidents and al
other causes that can be classified as
| incident in any way to the prosecution
and conduct of the war.
1t is not the purpose OF the officials to
underestimate by any means the effect
OF the submarines or the danger thai
arises to the general plans of the Entente
Allies through the total of cargo anC
ship losses. The maximum rate OF shiI
construction that has been attained |!
| about 4,000, 900 tons a year The losses
| therefore, are in excess of the productiv,
capacity OF the shipyards.
The state and Navy Departments ant
the British Embassy regard the dis
crepancy between the destruction o
ships incident to the war and the build
Ing ability of the nations as constituting
o serious problem. The United States
officials frankly suggested that th'
actual facts should be faced without an,
attempt to minimize the debit side OF tn,
| sea ledger.
AT the Navy Department the figure
in the hands of the experts show tn
present rate OF shipbuilding in all yard
engaged in production of craft for tn
Entente cause Is about equal to one
third OF the annual losses That thes
losses mean an aggregate of 12.000,0 90
tons a year, on the dead weight tonnag
estimate, is generally admitted.
There is a drop of decided consolatio
In the fact that the Navy Department
effective means of meeting the subms
rine peril. Rapid progress is being mad
in this direction. although the speed
not quite what Secretary Daniels woul
like to see.
The sun., 1917-07-20
LOOKING TO AMERICA.
British Expert Asks, Can Army
Win Before Navy LOsesf

Unless the submarine problem is solved
and under control by February /. 1919.
or the Allies win a decisive victory on
land by that time, the best democracy
can hope to get will be n compromise
with Germany. said Arthur Pollen. Brit
ish naval expert, in an interview yester-
day
"Can the army win before the navy
loses?' was the way Mr.. Pollen put II
sententiously. with the present rate of
sinkings continued and notwithstanding
the addition of the $500, 900 tons of new
shipping now in sight by February l,
1919, the Allies will be so crippled on the
sea that 1t is questionable whether they
could continue.
What is needed is a new and aggres-
sive anti-submarine policy. l have every
confidence in the American naval men
and the navy heads. and now, with Sir
Eric Geddes as First Lord Of the Admi-
rally, we may expect cooperative aggres-
sive measures that may go a long way
toward doing away with the desperate
menace"
America should place every confidence
in her navy and administrative heads,
Mr.. Pollen continued. Let the people
get behind them and permit them to try
out new plans and bold, offensive policies.
Nothing could be finer than to have a
Joint board of American and British
naval men to map out aggressive meas
ures. The American people do not ap-
preciate how much depends on their navy
In winning the war.
what we really need right now more
than plain shipping tonnage is patrols
and destroyers. A million tons of often
sIve ships at this particular time would
be worth twice that amount in cargo
carriers, as badly as we may need the
latter And l am referring to fast, sea-
worthy patrols and destroyers and not
so or l10 foot submarine motor chasers'
Mr.. Pollen has absolutely no faith in
the report from London announcing the
discovery that ships are actually being
destroyed at the rate OF 1000, 600 tons q
month"
He pointed out that at present
the Allies control approximately 10000.
900 tons OF shipping. III the present
rate Of destruction Of 10000 tons
monthly continues, within eighteer
| months, or on February 1, 1919, there
will have been 100000 tons sunk" hi
said. This would leave $4,000 900 tons
of the original amount, 1t IL possible
| the new British shipping will amount Il
1 900, 900 tons by the end Of the year. ant
| $500, 900 may be built in 1918 Americs
will probably construct 100000 tons o.
| new shipping Dy january 4, l'lo' ant
during the next year 100000 tons add
tonal This would ada 6,b0O,0oO tons Z
| the $4,000, 900 remaining on February I
1919, or a total OF 2S,500,000 tons-no
enough to carry the present supply o
! food and materials to Europe. Beside
| America alone by that time will demand
fully 5000 900 tons Of shipping to keel
going her vast armies in the field.
There are only two roads to success-
one is by our armies and the other is b,
our nayics. II neither is able TO win. tn
best we will be able to get is a compro
mise"
The sun., 1917-07-20
DRAFT SYSTEM
.CHANGED;BEGINS
AT9A. M. TO-DAY
Men to Be Drawn in Groups
of 10,500 Instead of 900,
as Announced.
NEW JERSEY BLUNDER
Provost Marshal General
Says New Method Will
Require 10 Hours.
FAIRNESS IS GUARANTEED
Members Of Two Military Com
mittees Of Congress to Su-
pervise Event.
IS GUARANTEED
How Draft Will Work
in All ASST Districts

THERE are in the United States
4,557 registration districts
for the purposes of the selective
draft law. Each number drawn
to-day in Washington will apply
to each one of these districts. II
the first number drawn, for ex-
ample, is rs, each man whose
serial number is rs is the first
man in his district subject to the
call. If the next number drawn
is 978, each man bearing that
number is No. 2 on the list in
his district. If the number drawn
is higher than the number of men
in a given district-in New York
the highest number is 4,696-it
will mean a blank for that dis
trict.
About 10000 numbers will be
drawn. The numbers, with the
order in which they are drawn,
will be published in THE SUN
tomorrow morning. They will
show every man registered in
New York the order in which he
is liable to be called for exami-
nation.
The sun., 1917-07-20
SAYS EMMA GOLDMAN
DESERVES GALLOWS
Prosecutor of Mrs. Mooney
Escoriates Anarchists.

SAN FRANCISCO. July 19.-The asser-
ton that Alexander Berkman, Emma
Goldman and Robert Minor deserve the
gallows as a penalty for their acts" was
one Of many startling statements put
forward by District Attorney Charles NJ.
Fickert to-day in resuming his address
to the Jury which is trying Mrs, Rena
Mooney for murder resulting from the
bomb explosion here last July during
preparedness parade. The defendant
calmly smiled at the prosecutors re-
peated demands for tine infiiction of the
death penalty upon her and other de-
PENDANTS.
'If this jury does its duty anarchy
cannot live II II fails law and order
cannot live" Fickert asserted.
1--WE have shown this defendant aided
in the commission of this crime, and
death is the only adequate penalty. She
has been leading member of group
Of anarchists who called themselves the
'Blasters,' treacherous snakes whose
creed Is crime and revolution and an
archy," he said.
Fickert turned his attack to Thomas
Mooney, husband of Mrs. Mooney, who
is under sentence OF death for the bomb
murders, and then to Robert Minor,
treasurer OF the International Workers
Defence League, which financed the
present and former trials of bomb de-
PENDANTS.
This league might justly be called
the international Murderers League.
Its object is to wiring filthy money from
ignorant people" he declared. only the
hand and mind OF criminal could draw
such pictures" he said, indicating a
| cartoon which Minor testified he hat
drawn for the Blast.
'This defendant and her coconspira
tors knew they couldn't live in thii
country II the military forces were
strengthened and they sought to hasteT
the revolution melted by Alexander
Berkman's editorials and Minors car
toons. The tragedy last July was thu
elimination of their criminal, blood
thirsty conspiracy" Flckert charged.
The sun., 1917-07-20
$3.50, 900 IS NEEDED
TO AID WAR HORSES
Red Star Makes Appeal for
Animal Fund.

A hundred million dollars for the Red
Cross; a quarter OF a million for the
Red Star.
This is the appeal of the officials OF
the Red star Animal Relief, recently
organized at the request OF Secretary
Baker to care for wounded horses with
the American armies in France.
The motor truck, the tank, the motor
cycle and the airplane, have not elimi-
mated the need for horses In the war
They are under gunfire and consequently
injuring and killing are frequent.
For the very reason that the horse
has more humble but no less impor-
tant work and is seldom mentioned In
the news dispatches, the Red star Ami
NAL Relief needs great support in It's
work. The first appeal Is small
$3.50 900, to complete the actual Or
ganisation up to its proper efficiency In
the field but the need is urgent PART
OF the sum has been subscribed.
Contributions are received by Mrs. b
K. Cutter treasurer of the organization
at 1858 Fifth avenue.
The sun., 1917-07-20
REICHSTAG PEACE MOVE.
Committee of Majority Parties 10
Act on Resolution.

ACT On NebOtutIohs
AMSTERDAM. July 19.-The Berliner
Tdgebldtt says the committee of the
majority parties in the German Reichs-
tag have unanimously decided to move
the peace resolution. Previously the
committee was divided, two members OF
the Centre and one Liberal disagreelng
with the majority.
The Tdgebidtt says that In the Reichs-
tag 221 Deputies will vote for the peace
resolution.
On the occasion of his acceptance of
the German Chancellorship. says a
Vienna despatch, DR.. Michael sent
message to Count Czernin. the Austro-
Hungarian Foreign Minister, declaring
that he considered ii his chief and in
violable duty to preserve the closest and
most loyal confederation. 1t was his
firm conviction that Austria Hungary
and Germany would be victorious and
that the war would secure for the heroic
peoples a happy and bright future.
Count Czernin, in reply, said he saw
the most secure guarantee of a happy
future for the peoples m intimate and
confident cooperation with the leaders
OF the German policy and firm insistence
upon the well tried alliance. Austria
was ready for a glorious peace, but
otherwise was determined to fight to
the last. Germany anc Austria would
ic cooperation f0tco cSr4.;ions insuring
an undisturbed and peaceful future.
Apparently the censorship in Germany
is being rigidly enforced. Not even an
inkling Of the address which the new
Imperial Chancellor was to have de-
Iivered to the Reichstag Thursday after
noon at 3 o'clock, for which the world Is
waiting as an Indication of what his
stand in the war is TO be. has yet
reached the outlying countries, with all
of which telegraphic transmission with
! the United States Is open.