davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
Evolution Of Musical Instruments.

In musical history we will lind that
the evolution of musical instruments
began with the beating on drums an!
tom-toms, then men began 10 try Il
initiate nature, with the means that
nature had provided, the horns OF
beasts and their duplicates In metal,
and on the reed Instruments Wiu''S
and pipcs) last We reach the cusml'
nation Of development, In the trucSt
and greatest OF musical instruments,
the vibration Of attuned strings. So,
in musical listening, we Will pass
through nearly III" same develop
ment. First attracted by rhythm, then
by melody, we learn to appreciate
the true beauties of harmony, and To
know that each one of the three Gle
ments Is OF equal Importance In the
building of q musical composition
Exchange.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
Care Of Tin Roofs,

The tin work on II house does not as
n rule receive the careful attention II
should, and generally, because of lack
of proper care, requires early renewal.
Tin guttering should be thoroughly
painted with frst-class roof paint every
two or three years, as should all other
tin work about the premises. The
work should be done by men who un-
derstand how to properly apply paint.
Poor paint Is as bad as none at all, as
Il often starts a chemical reaction,
which Is more destructive than total
exposure. II Is poor economy to over
look or neglect such matters, to use
cheap materials or to hire incompetent
workmen, as an imaginary saving OF
20 per cent often means an early ex-
penditure for entire replacement, Elk
change.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
WITH THE FLOWERS.

For bulb planting In the autumn
make an early selection of the ones
you want, thus securing the best speci-
mems Planting Is not to be done I'M
I'll the late frosts, when the beds 10Y
in use will be unoccupled and ready
for the bulbs. Beds planted this au-
tumn will begin Towering almost be-
fore the snow disappears In the spring.
For an early crop of sweet peas next
year remember to plant sweet peas In
the open ground next November.
When the fact Is considered that It
takes nearly two ton of fresh manure
to make one ton Of rotted manure.
owing to the loss by evaporation and
teaching, 1t may be seen that much OF
the fertilizing matter originally con-
tanned Is lost In the rotting process,
and that when fresh there are more
tons and so more fcrtllizing material
to make use OF.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
IS A VERY VALUABLE BIRD
Roush.Leoged Hawk. Which Is Little
Known. Is Ally OF Man Against
the Meadow Mice.

An extremely helpful friend cf ours,
when bird friends are few, Is the
rough-lcgged hawk. Unfortunately,
this bird Is little known or valued. 1t
reaches the United States from Its
northern breeding range In September
aud October, remaining until April.
1t may be identified aiield By It's
broad wings, It's large size and the
broad dark band which crosses its
breast and under side OF its wings,
says Farm and Fireside. 1t Is compar-
atively tame. The name, rough-legged
or hare-footcd, Is made appropriate by
the birds full-fcathered legs and feet.
The c%Olorutlon OF the American
%rough-leg and its more western subspe-
cics, the %ferruginous rough-leg, varies
from the type here described To almost
solid black. In this darker phase the
roughleg Is commonly called the black
hawk.
on such good authority ms tina. OF
Or. A. X. Fisher, under whose direc-
ton the United States biological sur
vey made extensive field observations
Of this birds feeding habits, II Is
stated: "Thc rOughlcg Is n Of mans
most important allies against meadow
mice, feeding on little else during It's
six months s~ojourn in the United
States. other mice, rabbits and grown
squirrels are taken occasionally.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
WlCHURlANA LIST

Or. Robert Huey, one Of the most
"%gninent amateur rosarians of the
country has prepared n list Of roses In
the wichuriana class, the hybrid tea
class an1 the hybrid perpetual class ms
being the beat fitted for cultivation !
this country.
OF the wlchuriana, or climbing roses,
these he considers the best: Dor.
othy Perkins. Refine Marie Hcnrictte,
Christine Wright. EXcclSa. Gardenin,
Hlawatha. DIR. Van Fleet and Elisa
R%obichon.
In the hybrid tea class, n cross be-
tween the vigorous hybrid perpetual
and the ten rose, the latter of which
~ not vigorous enough for outdoor
cultivation In this climate, are the fol-
lowing: Antoine Rcvoirc, Betty, Cllr-
fee Goodacre, Chrissie MacKellnr, Mrs.
Mackcllar, Dorothy Page Roberts,
Duchess Of Wellington, General Mac
Arthur, Grace MolyncuX, Gustav Cru.
nerwnld, George G. Waud, Joseph lin,
Killarney. Yonkheer j. J.. Mock, Honor.
able Ina Bingham, Laurent Garlic, Lyon
Rose, Madame Jules Bonche, Madame
Jules GroleZ, Madame Marie de LUXE
Ophella, My Maryland, Robert Huey
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
TABLE DECORATIONS

Tho best plant for n daily table deco
ration Is undoubtedly the asparagus
plumosus. 1t has foliage much daln-
tier than any other fern.
1t can be easily grown In n bushy
compact form which n plant designed
for table use should have.
No matter what your selection the
arrangement OF the cut flowers and
the beauty of the ported plant make
the effect.
Popples, of gorgeous colors, a%rtlsti-
cally placed In n simple glass bowl,
makes n Of the most beautiful and
restful center pieces.
For your plants get three or four
asparagus plumosus and give them II
good soil of garden loan made light
with sand. Water moderately. Sun
shine Is not essential to Its successful
culture.
Shower several times n week and
keep red spider from injurlng It. BE
sure To nip or the end OF each shoot,
as advised to above to make the plant
spread out well.
Don't forget that a bowl of flowers
on the table Is n great distributor OF
sunshine and dispeller of gloom.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
Battles Which Made the World
MARATHON

The Fight al Zen to One which Kept Europe n European Coz
and Broke the Power of nm Ancient War Lord.
By CAPT. ROLAND F. ANDREWS
Copyright, 1911, BY Mcclure Newspaper Syndicate,

run. Down the mountainside they
swept and the Per sian horse, scraIn-
bling into the saddle while the arch
crs let fly their showers of arrows,
thought the little arrny-ngnin on the
word Of uerOdOtus-n "band Of mad
men"
Hastily the Persian force, spenrmcn
from the Indus, wild riders from inc
strppcs of the KhorasSun. black bow
men from Ethiopia, the fighting men
OF II dozen other races, formed tn meet
them. only the infantry had time to
gain position In line. Against them
Numbered the lcvclcd line Of Athen-
ian spears. Greasy, the historian, be-
li"vrd the entire front rank of the
ASlatlcs went down ut the first shock.
In the center the native PersiaEs and
Sacuc fought like nends. They even
broke the weakened Athcnian line.
But the wings, where Miltiades had
concentrated his strength, routed, all
lefore them, then turned and with
Miltiades ut their head charged the
Persian center.
The Persians had wicker shields.
The heavy Greek spears and short
swords plunged through them. The
Persians had no body rmo The
Greeks hacked them in halves. With
th"ir archcrS In their rear doing their
best To protect them by arrow flights,
exactly as does artillery on the Elan
dcrS line today, the persians hurled
themselves against the compact Greek
phnlnnX only to meet death. Ten TO
n though they were they could not
stand the punishment. Marathon was
their Marine. They broke and ran.
And the Greeks cut them down us they
scrambled aboard their galleys.
In this historic battle which kept
Europe white, the Persian invaders
lost 6,lDO men. The Athrnian dead
numbered 1872. Callimachus, whose
vote had made the victory possible,
wa among the slain.
The day Of Marathon Is n critical
epoch In the history of nations. II
broke forever the spell of Persian in
Yincihility. 1t secured to mankind the
enlightenment of the western world.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
ANYBODY CAN GROW PEONlES

The pcony Is essentially the peoples
flower. 1t ilourishes In any decent soil
and after struggling with insect pests,
worrying over soil conditions and
studying fertilizer propositions In the
garden of more delicate flowers the
peony comes into It's own In the gar
den Of the average grower of flowers.
1t must needs be planted where It
will be assured an abundance OF light,
and the choice of Il soil Is one that is
moderately wcll-draincd. The roots
should be planted so that the crown
Is about three inches below the sur
face. Plant a stake nearby to mark
the spot. Peonics may be planted In
the spring but the best time for this
work Is September or October.
To propagate peOnics divide the
fieshy roots with n sharp knife, but
take care to avoid cutting through the
buds. Every root with II bud will pro-
duce n plant.
The planting Of the pcony Is n per-
manent one SC 1t Is worth considcra-
ton to obtain the finest possible va
~rietics. It's beauty and ease Of cult
walton recommend 1t to the attention
Of the amateur.
II the plants do not seem to thrive
satisfactorily, an application Of bone
meal after the blooming season, a
small handful to IA plant, may be up.
oiled.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
CUBA HAS MINERAL WEALTH
ls Essentially an Agricultural Country.
But Other Resources Are Now
Attracting Attention.

Cuba is essentially an agricultural
country, but the mineral resources
have OF late years attracted attention,
so that the products of the land prom
ise To be more diversified as Cuba be-
m better understood.
The province of Orlente, as Santiago
Is now known. IL the richest as regards
mineral wealth. At the beginning Of
1913 there were 1910 mines registered,
metals produced being iron. copper.
manganese. gold, mercury. zinc, lead.
silver and anthony coal, asphalt. as
bestos and petroleum were produced
also. Other provinces have registered
about the same kind of metals, some
with the addition OF sulphur. The as
phalt beds of Cuba, 1t Is believed, and
the bitumen deposits In general will
eventually prove superior to any others
In the world. The possibilities of a
great industry from them are already
promising. Some oil has also been pro-
duced in Cuba. Mineral waters OF
great merit are found at u number OF
points in the island. and the springs
have for years been popular among the
inhabitants.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
INDIAN TRIBE HAD WIRELESS
South American Red Men, as Long
Ago as 1893, Used Unique System
OF Communication.

In these days OF wireless telegraphy
It may be interesting TO learn that as
long 2 as July, 1898, there was re-
corded the discovery Of a wireless tele-
graphic apparatus in use among the
Catuquinaru. an Indian tribe OF the
Amazon valley In South America, the
Geographic Journal states.
The apparatus. called c%ambarysu,
consists of a hole In the ground about
Half filed with coarse sand above this
layers of fine sand, fragments of wood
and bone and powdered mica fill It al.
most to the surface of the ground.
These materials are surrounded by a
case OF hard palm wood, which ex-
tends above the surface. The upper
part Of the apparatus consists OF lay.
ers of hide, wood and hard rubber.
Between the upper layers and the
lower layers there Is a hollow space.
With n club, much like the stick used
to play The bass drum, the native
strikes the layer of rubber that forms
the top of the instrument.
One OF these instruments is con.
cealed in each hamlet Of the tribe. The
villages are not more than a mile
apart and placed In a direct north
and south line. Although u person
standing outside the building In which
the apparatus is kept cannot hear .
blow Of the stick on the rubber top, II
Is quite distinct In d similar building
a mile distant. When n Of these In
struments Is struck the neighboring
ones TO the north and south echo the
blow. The Indian stationed at each
N Of the posts answers the signal.
and by means Of code messages a long
conversation may be carried on.
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02
His Memory Faulty.

Bert had failed TO get In the, wood
the night before. and as a punishment
his father had told him to remain In
his W yard all day. For a long time
he sat on the porch steps, watching
the other boys playing ball In a va
cant lot som distance away, without
saying a word. Then. as his mother
came to the door, he looked up and
said: "Fhey're out there. every one
Of them; and they're no better'n me.
only they've got a better memory for
bringing In wood, that's all"
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02

Pharlsai. Prince de Bulgaria, Souvenir
de Presidena Carnot, Willowmcre. Mrs.
Aaron Ward, Madame SECOND Weber,
Mary, Countess of Leicester, and Mrs.
Harold Brocklcbnnk.
The hybrid perpetual, the common
June rose, has these varieties which
Doctor Hucy recommends: Frau Karl
hruscgkn, Suzanrn Marie Rodocanachi,
Mrs. George Dickson, Capt. Hayward,
tlrlch Drummer, Oskar COrdet, Mrs.
John Laing, and Baroness ltothschild
The Tucumcari news and Tucumcari times. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1907-1921, 1917-08-02

rond which leads southwark along the
shore Of the gulf.
There Is n citadel on n promontory
guarding the old harbor, now n land
locked cove reaching into the heart Of
the city. The harbor Is defended also
by the fortified islands OF Ratonneau
and Pomegue, and by the Chateau d'If,
the last named formerly n state prison
immortallzed by Dumas In 1.-THE Count
of Monte Cristo."
Although II was n Greek settlement
as early as o B. G. and before that
was the site Of n Phoenician colony.
M~arscilles has no interesting remains
Of ancient times, and few architec-
tural
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-01

When he read the announcement of the ballot, President Davenport's voice quivered until he was forced to speak very deliberately in order that he might be heard. A recess was then taken while the tremendous crowd which had packed into the small chamber filed out, but the strain was too much for the members. and though the hour was but 11:30. an adjournment was taken until after noon in order that the body might calm itself for the afternoon delibera- tions.
 Too Late for designations.
 After it became evident that mem bers who were expected to cast their ballot against expulsion, considered themselves bound to support the Bush resolution, attorneys for the accused senators asked leave of President Davenport to present their resigna- ton. President D avenport agreed to
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-01
ONE REPUBLICAN
 SENATOR BLOCKS
 SENATE ACTION LaFollette Prevents Passage of Armed Neutrality Meas
 ure This Morning.
FILIBUSTER ENDS WITH PACT TO VOTE
Foreign Relations Committee Favor. ably Reports Bill to Grant PreSi- dent Power to Protect Amcri-
 cans on High Seas.

Washington, March 1.-Thc ad~ ministration revenue bill. designed to raise $350,O00,000 additional revenue through special tax and bond issues, was passed by the senate late last night by a vote of 47 to 43.
 Immediately after the vote, which followed the defeat of scores of amendments offered in quick success sion by Republicans, senator Stone moved to adjourn until 12:40 o'clock a. m. to consider the armed neutral ity measure. Senator Penrose coun~ tered with a motion to adjourn to 10:3G this morning. and when that Senator LaFollette was defeated, The motion to adjourn until 12:5 was | carried bya vote of 60 to 9.
 There were protests in the Re- publican ranks against the tactics of their leaders, and Senators Borah and | Fall told their colleagues they were tired seeing time wasted, and wanted i the senate to get down to business. 1 Senator Stone, chairman of the foreign relations committee, sought unanimous consent to dispense with parliamentary formality in order to get formally before the senate the armed neutrality measure which would authorize the president to arm American ships, and employ "other instrumentalities" to protect Ameri- can lives and rights Of the seas.
 Senator LeFollette began a single handed filibuster against the armed neutrality bill, when the senate re- convened at 1255 this morning, after a recess of 10 minutes. The Wiscon sin senator was finally induced to withdraw his objection, on condition that there would be no attempt to pass the bill before Friday. When the Democratic leaders agreed to this, the committee presented the bill with a favorable report, and Senator
 Stone asked that it lay over until Friday.
 The senate then adjourned until 10:30 o'clock this morning, the ma jority abandoning plans for taking up the naval appropriation bill.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-01

This document containing Foreign Minister Zimmerman's instructions has been in the hands of the govern ment since President Wilson broke off relations with Germany. It had been kept secret while the president has been asking congress for full au- thority to deal with Germany anl
 while congress has been hesitating.
 It was in the presidents hands while Chancellor von Bethman-HollWeg de- clared that the United States had |placed an interpretation on the sub marine declaration "never intended by Germany" and that Germany
 promoted and honored friendly rela-
 tions with the United States" as an heirloom of Frederick the Great.
 Of itself, if it were not to be con- sidered sufficient answer to the Ger man chancellor's plaint that the
 United States "brusquely" broke off relations without giving authentic
 reason for its action, it supplies miss
 ing link to many separate chainsof cir
 cumstances which, until the document
 itself was made public, seemingly led to no definite point. It sheds new light upon the previously reported but indefinite movements of the Mexi- can government to couple it's situa- tion with the friction between the | United States and Japan. It adds another chapter to the celebrated re- port of Jules Cambon, French ambas- sador in Berlin before the war, of Germany's worldwide plans for stir
 ring up strifes on every continent
 where they might aid her in her
 struggle for the world domination of
 which she dreamed.
 Clears Many Mysterious Moves.a It adds climax to the operations l of Count von Bernstorff and the Ger
 man embassy in this country, which have been connected with passport frauds, charges of dynamite plots and
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-01

Monroe. La, Feb. 2S.-One of the two bandits who today robbed the Bank of Collinston, and was captured in a running fight with a posse, ad mitted tonight, officers say, that he is "Shorty" Defts, an escaped convlc! from the Arkansas farm at IucKeF: Defts was wounded in the tlght, ana was brought here tonight, later being taken to Shreveport.
 ,Defts said his companion Tn the robbery was Charles Johnson. The two men. according to Defts, arrived here yesterday from Fort Wortn' Texas, and early today went to Col linston.
 Defts escaped from the Arkansas nenal farm on Jan. 31, 1917, with Lee Rlount. Defts was serving 20 years for assault to kill and robbery.
 The horse which Defts' companloa had stolen from Mayor Vaughn, who was killed, was foun1 tomgnt, Dy searchers several miles south of Coa- O., linston. A @' Monroe, La., Feb. 2S.-1n running fight between a posse and two pan, :. dits @ who had robbed the Bank or oft Collinston, La., 20 mics nortn oi here. at noon today, Ii. w. Vaugnh, mayor of Collinston, was snot anu instantly killed. One of the bandits who was shot and slightly wounded, was captured, and rushed to tne 1Morehouse parish jail at Bastrop, where he was placed under heavy guard to prevent threatened mob Vlo- lence. .h.,+ @ ooo taken from the bank, was droppea during the chase. and recovered oS the posse. .,, ,ooord;no to n, emhers of the posse, after the cap ture of the first bandit and during all exchange of shots wirh the second bandit. The mayor Was mounted ou 2 last horse, and was far ahead "l inc other members of the posse. me horse M on which the bandit was mounted was shot. anl Vaugnn s uls- mounted when his pistol missed ilhe, 5, The robber rushed close to vaushn sa and shot him dead, then secured the
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-01
congressmen Begin to Hear From s"Folk Back Home"
 Demanding Action.
BRYAN ENDORSES
 PRESIDENTS TALK.
Another Aggravating Situation Is Re. nort Four American Consuls Are Reing Detained in Germany Be.
 cause German Delayed in Cuba.

Washington, Feb. 28.-Opposition in congress to granting President Will son authority to protect American rights and lives on the sea began melting today, and administration leaders confidently predicted action within another "A hours.
 There were indications that many of the Republicans in the senate, who, though favoring the steps proposed, insisted that congress should be called in extra session, would vote for the measure requested by the president, when the roll is called.
 Details of the destruction of the Cunard liner Laconia, published in the morning papers and telling of the suf- ferings and death of an American mother and her daughter, among the passengers of the vessel, had it's effect during the day. Members of the house and senate, whose communications heretofore had come largely from pacificists, began receiving telegrams from their constituents, calling for vigorous action.
 House Committee Favorable.
 The house foreign affairs commit tee early in the. day reported out the Flood bill, authorizing the president to arm American merchant ships With amendments eliminating the provision for the use of ~.other instrumentall- ties," and adding prohibition against the insurance of intuition ships by the government war risk bureau.
 A special rule to expedite the pas sage of the measure was introduced by Chairman Flood of the foreign af- fairs committee. The rule provides for the vote not later than 4 p. m.
 The administration plan is to have the senate substitute for the house measure the bill reported by the senate committee, and which is based on memorandum prepared by the president. In the form of a confer ence report, the leaders anticipate nc difficulty in having the house pass promptly the substitute measure. Bryan Supports President. Former Secretary of State Bryan appeared at the capitol tonight. while the house was debating the District o Columbia prohibition bill. It de veloped, however. that he had moi come to support the efforts of the pacificist groups, and that, in general he endorsed President Wilson's ad dress to congress.
 Another aggravating incident wal added to the situation today by thu receipt of work from Germany tha four: American consuls are being helt there, because German consul on hl
 way to Ecuador had been delayed il
 Cuba. A statement of the facts. wlti request for the immediate release o
 the American consuls, was cabled to
 night.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-01
AMERICANS AMONG VICTIMS
 U-b0AT ATTACK Wm. Eva, 78, Among La conia Dead, Was Resi-
 dent of California.
PRIEST DESCRIBES
 DEATH OF WOMEN
Mrs. Mary Hoy's Body Slipped From Daughters Arms Into Sea. and Few Moments Later Girl EX-
 pired and Fell Overheard.

New York, Feb. 2S.-William Eva who was lost when the Cunard steam ship Laconia was torpedoed off the Irish coast Sunday night, was an American citizen, according to an an nouncement made by Cunard line off cials here tonight.
 He was "A years of age and lived ir California. He served in the Civil wal as marine on the Union side, it was said. He was said to have been on his way to join his wife in Cornwall, Eng land, when he lost his life.
 Until today it had been supposed that Mrs. Mary Hoy and her daughter Miss Elizabeth Hoy of Chicago, were the only victims among the passengers on the Laconia who were American citizens. Eva, it developed, had sailed on an emergency passport issued by the British consul here, and it hat been assumed that he was British subject.