Iditarod pioneer., 1917-05-19
WARS CASUALTY LISTS
 NOW SAID TO INCLUDE
 MORE THAN TEN MILLIONS

A statement recently published at Wash- ington, D. C., says that more than lO,OOu, 900 men are recorded as killed, wounded captured or missing in the European war in the first complete tabulatlon of olflclal and authenticated seml-otficlal reports ol the various belligerents received there.
 Among the military proper, 4,44l, 200 are reported dead, 2,59S,5OO wounded and 2G45, 900 captured and missing Among civilians, especially on the Russian and Bal, kan fronts and in Armenia, another 4oO,OOO are figured as either dead or wounded through the war.
 These figures are admittedly only ap- proximate and in some instances necessarily several weeks old. They are not called exact in any sense but are known to be so nearly so as to give fairly reliable picture of the wars results They depend for thelr accuracy, first. on the official reports of the various belGgerents, which are certainly minimum figures, and then on careful re- ,hecking with all available authentic m formation.
 Allies Losses Double Those of Teutons
 The entente's losses are gwen aS b,3lS,- 400 as against 3,3S4 800 for the central em- pires, One reason for the great dlscrep- ancy between the two is believed to be the relative unpreparedness of the entente and the disastrous retreats in France at the be ginning of the war, i'll Russia from the Mazurian lakes and the CGrpathianS and m Roumama.
 The entente's dead total 2,S9O,400, against 155OS0O for the central empires; the entente's wounded total $500, against 922.000 for their enemies, and thelr captured and missing 1852, ,0O0, against 9l2,0O0 for the central empires. These losses are based upon the assumption that in Germany 90 per cent of the total wounded return to the front and 80 per cent Tn all other countries.
 Russia's Great Losses
 Russia is infinitely the heaviest loser so far with a grand total of 3,0S4, POO men. The bulk of these losses occurred in the Mazurian lakes disaster and the two retreats from the Carpathians, when prisoners were taken by the tens of thousands. Moreover, lack of communications and hospital faclll- ties has made the death rate in Russia ex- traordinarily high. Their dead total 15O0, GOO their wounded 7S4 200, and their pris- oners and missing S00000, which is said to be much lower than the probable number.
 French Losses
 France has suffered the second highest casualties, with total of l,S10,S00 largely because of the early retre@t of the Marne and the terrific losses in the battle of Yer dun. Her dead total S70,000, her wounded 54O.8OO and her missing and captured 100000 though this last figure is believed to be high.
 Britan's Losses Comparatively Low
 Great Britain's total falls far below, be ing about one third of Frances and one sixth of Russia's, owing, of course, to her late sending of continental army. From now on. however, her losses are expected to keep fairly close to those of the French who have seriously felt the drain on man power Great Britain's total comes to 5I5,4OO, with 2G5. .4G0 dead, l02 500 wounded and 107 800 captured and missing.
 Roumania Suffers Severely
 Roumania, though entering the war only last summer has lost half a million men through her fatal attempt 10 cross into Transylvania when the central powers were outtlanking her through the Dobrudja. Her dead gre given as 100000, her wounded as 10000, and her captured and missing about 25O,900
 Italian Losses Are Small
 Italy has been saved from extreme GAS ua}ties through the impossibiljty of open operations on her mountainous frontiers. Her total reaches 100000, including 1O5 OOO dead. 49,OOO wounded, and 55000 captured snd missing.
 Serbia and Belgium Lose Heavily
 Belgium and Serbia. the two small states overrun by the German machine, after des- perate resistance, have both lost very heav i!v in proportion to population. Belgium s casualties come to 112,000, with 50G0O dead, 22,O0O wounded and 10000 captured and missing. Serbia's dead total 6O00O, her wounded 2S,O0O, total of 86,000, with the number of missing and captured large, but unknown.
 Germany Loses Less than France
 Germany, among the central empires, IS given as by far the largest loser, her total casualties being 1,5S5,2OO. or 225,000 less than those of France Her dead come to S93,O0O which is slightly higher than Frances, while her wounded are set at 45OO0O and her captured and missing at 245000 proportionately the lowest of the nations. Germany, because of her fighting on interior lines, without having suffered a bloody retreat, and with highly efficient medical service, has lost very few in cap tured ard wounded, but her offenslyes have led her into heavy losses indeed. Nearly one third of her losses are estimated to have been suffered around Verdun.
 Austria Loses Many Prisoners
 Austria is only slightly less heavy loser than Germany, with 1,469,000. Her dead,