davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1917-08-09

plants, such as corn, are to be sprayed,
2 pounds of freshly slaked lime should
be added to 80 gallons of the
mixture, to prevent burning Of the
foliage.
In IA the worms are crawling in
n body, surround them with a furrow
or ditch and crush them with a log
drag as they fall into it. If shallow
post holes are sunk in the bottom of
the ditch at intervals of about 20 feet,
the worms will crawl along the ditch
bottom and fall into the holes, where
they may be destroyed.
Use Of Poisoned Bats.
Poisoned bats of varying compo-
sition have long been used as a lean
Of destroying the many different spe-
cies of cutworms and also the army
worm. An effective bait of this kind
may be prepared as follows: To so
pounds of wheat bran and 1 pound
Of paris green or 2 pounds of
arsenate of lead add the Juice of me
half dozen oranges or lemons. Then
bring the mass to a stiff dough by add
ing low-grade molasses or sirup,
pTtleTuDly ulOidSStS, anu seuttei liC
mixture broadcast in small pieces
throughout the infested field. This
poisoned bait may be used safely in
alfalfa and corn fields where it is
desired, If possible, to save the crop
for forage purposes.
In case this poison is used, care
should be exercised In preventing
stock from gaining access to the poi
soned grass or grain and being injured
or killed by eating it. 1t is far bet
ter to sacrifice a portion of the crop.
If the destruction of the pest can be
accomplished, because if army worms
are not destroyed they will take the
crop anyway and probably devastate
other portions of the farm.
Additional information regarding
the army worm may be obtained from
Farmers Bulletin 731, which will be
sent free on application to the depart
: ment of agriculture.
, 1917-08-09
WATER FOR HOGS IN SUMMER
Muddy and Filthy WaIIow-HoIes Are
Often Means of Spreading Con-
taoious Diseases.

Hogs should have access to plenty
of water during the hot summer
months, but the muddy and filthy wal
lOw-holes that are so common over
the country are often the means of
spreading contagious diseases, espe-
cially cholera.
Farmers are encouraged to con-
struct wooden or concrete wallows for
their pigs, and to keep them in rea-
sonably clean condition. A boarded
up wallow is very satisfactory but a
better way is to dig u shallow hole,
big enough for the pigs to lie in, and
to use concrete for the sides and bot
tom. plastering right onto the earth.
1t is a good plan, also, to put In a
drain so that the water may be read
lily changed.
In addition to making the hogs
more comfortable these wallows can
be used as a means of Kidding them
e lice and fleas. To do this, cover
HE surface of the water with about
Salf an inch of crude oil. When the
rtgs GO into the water they will be-
come covered with the oil and the
vermin will be killed.
, 1917-08-09
INCREASE FERTILITY OF SOIL
All Droppinss of Various Farm Anil
mails Should Be Saved Inc Prop
erly Applied to Land.

Since heavier demands than usuai
are being made upon land, manure will
be a great need. Those who have
live stock sufficient to produce manure,
save and apply it properly are fortu-
nate. This will be the mean of in
creasing the yield at a time when
prices are high. Surely such methods
will be highly desirable.
1t will pay generally to save all of
the animal droppings for soil fertility.
To do this it is advisable generally
to pen the animals It night where this
is practical in order that the manure
may be saved. Another way to o n
serve MANURE Is to Craze crops, thus
allowing animals to spread their own
manure.
, 1917-08-09
PREVENT SPREAD OF DISEASE
Important That Hog Cholera and
Swine Plague Be Recognized In
Very Incipient Stages.

1t is very necessary that we recog-
nize hog cholera and swine plague in
the very early stages in order to pre-
e n them from spreading. In some
outbreaks the symptoms are not typi-
cal and we cannot diagnose the disease
by the symptoms alone. In such cases
we should destroy a sick hog and make
a careful post-mortem examination.
If the disease proves to be hog chol-
era or swine plague, and 1t is practical
under the conditions, the herd should
be divided into small punches. The
sick animals should be separated from
the well one and all possible precau-
lions taken against the spread Of the
disease.
Do not move the hogs to different
parts of the farm, nor scatter the dis
ease over the farm. If the yards and
hog houses are in such a condition
that they cannot be properly cleaned
and disinfected, we should move the
herd to some convenient place and
build temporary quarters.
When the weather is warm the only
protection needed Is shade. In cold
weather It is necessary to provide
, 1917-08-09
PREVENTS SKIDDING OF CARS
Safety Device Intended to Avert Slip
ping of Cars Given Test on WASH
ington Streets.

An invention with safety first" as
its basis was demonstrated here on
the slippery streets during the rain,
says Washington Star. The mechanism
which is part of the e a construction
of an automobile, is intended to pre-
ven skidding and to assist traction on
muddy roads.
1t was on account of an accident to
a large motor car a few years g that
prompted the inventor to study the
skidding of motor cars. He located
the cause and Immediately set to work
to remedy the defect, constructing an
axle that would prevent skidding-
The device will prevent n wheel
turning backward and one forward at
the same time; it will not allow n
wheel to spin and one to stand still,
but drives both wheels in the same d.
rection all the time; thus both wheels
of the vehicle are always under con-
troll. A large touring cal which was
used in the demonstration was ent
down Capitol Hill Friday at Is miles
an hour over a wet pavement covered
with leaves. The brakes were sudden
ly applied, but there was no indication
of a skid. The leaves piled up in front
Of the wheels until the brakes were
released, when the car shot ahead.
, 1917-08-09
BOT FLIES CAUSE ANNOYANCE
Parasites Attach Themselves to Lining
of Stomach and Absorb Food
Intended for Animal.

Bot flies are about the worst annoy
ance to a horse in summer and early
fall. They buzz around his legs and
throat and deposit small yellow eggs
on the end of the hairs. Later these
eggs enter the horses mouth, hatch in
the stomach and develop bots, which
attach themselves to the lining of the
stomach and there remain until late
the following spring. They absorb
some of the food that should nourlsh
the horse and undoubtedly cause con
siderable annoyance.
Every few days during early fall clip
of the hairs that carry these yellow
eggs. The number of eggs hat reach
the horses stomach and hatch there
will be reduced correspondingly.
, 1917-08-09
PRACTICE OF SWIMMING MILK
To Secure Best Results It Is Best to
Skim and Milk and churn Cream,
Says Clemson.

Experience has shown that in gen.
eral practice the churning of whole
milk results in butter of a poorer fat
in the buttermilk than If can is
churned, says Clemson Agricultural
college of South Carolina. 1t is there
fore best to skim the milk and churn
the cream. The best way to skim the
milk is by mean Of a separator. A
farmer who has only two or three
cows, but no separator, may put the
milk into deep, narrow cans (shotgun
cans) and set them in cold water, and
when the cream rises it can be re-
moved with a shallow spoon. Where
this system is used it usually takes
about II to IS hours for all the cream
to rise. Care should be taken to keep
the milk cold, in order to make the
ream rise rapidly. The old method
Of setting the milk in shallow pans
should not be used, as the cream does
not rise s 70 completely as when set in
deep cans In cold water; furthermore,
the quality of the cream is not sc good
and there are more vessels to wash
and care for.
, 1917-08-09
FuII-erown Larva or Caterpillar.

how near the specialized dairyman
should come to growing all the feed
required by his dairy herd is a ques-
ton of individual business manage
ment. One man may find it more prof
table to grow all the feed required.
while another may increase his profits
by supplementing the income from
COWS with crop sales and purchase
part of the feed. In a few localities in
the United States crops may be select
ed hat will not only yield a product
for which there is a ready sale at good
prices but which also leave on the farm
much feedable material. Sweet corn
is an example of this type"
, 1917-08-09
DISEASE OF CATTLE
"Pinkeye" Is Especially Troublesome
During Hot NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
Results In Blindness.

"Pinkeye" of cattle is a common
disease, especially during summer
months, and sometimes results in total
blindness. 1t is undoubtedly infec-
tious, and is believed to spread from
one animal to another through the
medium of flies. The disease runs its
course in ten days or two weeks, at
fecting one or both eyes.
A p~rofuse flowing of tears is the
first evidence of the attack. The ami
NAL keeps the eye constantly closed,
for 1t is very sensitive to light. Grad
ually a film seems to form over the
eye and the ball becomes clouded.
Care at this time is very necessary
and may saw the animal from blind
ness. Confinement in a comfortable
stall with all light excluded is the
best. Laxative food will put the anil
NAL in good condition to ward off
complications. If flies are allowed to
irritate the sore eyes they will prob
ably spread the Infection to other ami
mails.
Bathing the eyes in a strong solu-
ton of boric acid is a treatment cas-
lily applied and generally effective. A
better method is to place a few drops
of the following mixture In the eyes
with a dropper: One-half grain of
zinc sulphate, ten grams of boric acid
and one ounce of distilled water.
, 1917-08-09
SAFETY DEVICES FOR TRAINS
Thousands Of Appliances Offered to
Prevent Railroad Accidents Re-
mind MeIIen Of Story.

Charles S. Mellen, New England's
noted railroad man, once said at q
luncheon in Boston:
THE way some people talk, you'd
think that there were a thousand safe
ty appliances, any one Of which ap-
piled to American trains, would abol-
ish accidents and loss Of life forever.
There Is, it is true. an abundance
Of safety devices for trains. These
we are testing, n by one, just as fast
as we can. But very, very few of them
prove, on a running train, to do the
things they do on paper.
"The average safety device. indeed.
recalls the widow who applied for ont
door relief.
"'Yours is u sad case,' said the
charity agent. How did you lose our
husband, ma'amT
"He was killed, SIR answered the
widow, while testin' a new safety cow
catcher for the p. d. r. railroad"
, 1917-08-09
LEAVING SPRINGS FOR Pixies PEAK.

A young motorist has just climbed to the top of Pixies Peak, a 1215mi1e
run, in a few seconds less than q minutes. Hon. Lieut. ebulon NJ. Pike,
who discovered the mountain in 1906, OF Major Long, who first scaled it in
1919, would have looked at eah other with a wilds urmse" were hey alive
to Iearno of the feat today, remarks Philadelphia Ledger. In the days of the
fortyniners the monarch of Ell Paso county, Colorado stood IS a beacon to
the promised land OF Ell Dorado but the travellers were scarcely more on
cerned with tn ascent ron the aesthetic or athletic pon of view than n
Hannibal Dr. julius Caesar when he crossed the Alps. The Rockies were
merely a formidable barrier to the creaking wagons of the gold pr@pectors.
The tourist who climbs to the summit nowadays by the rak and pnion
railway an beholds the vast panorama of mountains and wel-watered plains
outroned before him car hardly imagine the extraordinary effort of the
pioneers in the Western wilderness a century ago. Even the iron horse
coverings distance Of eight and threequarters miles from Engehnans canyon
in a hour and a half, cannot compete with the record made by thu automo-
bile whose daring driver took the many hairpin turns, o a grade of 10 per
cent, al express speed. While the utility IF such a performance my easily
be called in question:. the feat could not la been executed without a sue
cessfuI conspiracy of mechanical scence and personal intrepidity nt n
worthy of passing commemoraion.
, 1917-08-09
DESTROYING DOORS AND cUGs
Fresh Air and Sunshine Is Death to
7oth-Plaee Utensils Where Sun
VIII Strike Them.

Fresh air and sunshine being death
both to odors and to 'bugs," there Is
a close relationship between clean
milk and summing of milk utensils.
Do not stopper the cans when setting
them out to SUM-. Let the air work
in and out. Choose a place to set
them where the u shines upon them
most directly. Turn them bottom
side up to keep dust out of them more
effectively-and possibly rain. Nature
will then do her share toward freeing
the milk can from faint. She will ma
terially lessen the number of bacteria
hiding within.
, 1917-08-09

Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Upon the discovery of army worms
In their younger stages depends very
largely the possibility of stamping out
infestations before serious injury to
crops has occurred. They are the
young of certain moths or millers that
fly only at night. The eggs from
which they hatch are commonly laid
on grasses or grasslike grains and the
tiny caterpillars, upon Matching, feed
for several days near the ground, hid
den by o~verhanging grasses or grains.
They may escape notice until nearly
full grown, by which time they have
become widely distributed over the in
tested fields.
Examine Meadows Often
Meadows should be examined fire.
quently during the spring and early
summer months, particularly those
planted to timothy, bluegrass, wheat,
and especially millet. One should not
be satisfied with looking merely at the
surface of the stand; the thicker and
longer the growth, the greater the dam
ger from the army worm. The grain
or grass should be parted with the
hands in various parts"of the field and
the lower portions of the growth ex-
amined closely, in order that the pres
ence of the small, greenish caterpil-
lars may be discovered. If these be
found in any number the area covered
by the infestation should be deter
mined and vigorous action taken at
once to destroy the worms before they
become large enough to begin their
journey to other portions of the farm.
If the infested spot be small, the
grass or grain can be moved off and
straw scattered over the spot and
burned, thus destroying the worms.
If the caterpillars have become dis.
tributed over q considerable area, this
can be marked off by stakes and the
crop sprayed heavily with a mixture
Of paris green at the rate Of 1 pound
to so gallons Of water. If tender
, 1917-08-09
DETAILED STUDY OF
COST OF FARM MILK
Feed Accounts for 0ne-HaIf of
Expense of Production, Ac-
cording to Specialists.

From the United States Department of
Agriculture.)
A detailed study Of the cost of pro-
ducing milk on our farms. recently
conducted by the United States de-
partment of agriculture, leads to the
conclusions that on those farms feed
accounts for one-half or more of the
total cost, the remaining charges being
divided about equally between labor
and other items, such as shelter, use Of
equipment, use of bull, interest, depre-
citation, and overhead. The conclusions
are based upon an exhaustive analysis
of the business of the four farms, each
of which is representative of a type of
dairying. While the actual costs on
the farms, as elsewhere, vary from
year to year, the ratio between each
item n the total remained nearly
uniform when the same system of
management was followed. 1t is be-
lieved, therefore, that milk producers
throughout the country will find valu-
able suggestions on the report of this
study, just published as Bulletin sol
or the department of agriculture, and
entitled "The Cost of Producing Milk
on Four Dairy Farms Located in Wis
consin, Michigan, Pennsylvania and
North Carolina" by Morton o. Cooper
and @. NJ. Bennett.
The fact that the cost of feed Is
shown to be at least one-half of the
total cost of producing milk on the
farms is cited as evidence that the
iced Item is of great Importance to the
dairyman who seeks to reduce the cost
OF production. 1t is pointed out, how
ever, that the greatest economy of pro-
duction is not always attained by cut
ting down the feed cost, and that some
times 1t is necessary to Increase the
feed bills in order to increase profits.
The question Of feed supply is held
to lie one for individual solution. "Just
, 1917-08-09
contented Money Makers.

quarters warm enough to prevent the
hogs from piling up and catching cold.
Portable hog houses are very useful
for this purpose.
The yards, feeding floors, troughs
md hoghouses must be kept clean. All
litter must be removed daily, and the
frequent spraying of the hogs, feed
ing floors and sleeping quarters with
n water solution e per cent or more)
of a tar disinfectant is a necessary
part of the care.
, 1917-08-09

ing the case, the average sample of
Guernsey skim milk will contain about
1O.5 per cent solids and the average
sample of Holstein skim milk will con-
tain a little over 8 per cent solids.
The solid matter in a sample of skim
milk from either Of these breeds will
be divided as follows: Sugar, 80 per
cent; proteins, 35 per cent ash, 1875
per cent, and fat, 1-25 per emf.
, 1917-08-09
ALFALFA PASTURE FOR PIGS
Sweet Glover lie Another Early Crop
on Which Young Animals Thrive
Rape Also Favored.

Alfalfa is one of the best pastures
for growing pigs. Sweet clover is n
of the earliest pasture crops on which
pigs thrive almost as well as on alfal-
ia. Rape is a good forage crop which
is ready six weeks after planting. 1t
a be sowed in the corr AZ the time
of the last cultivation.
, 1917-08-09
MILK BREEDS ARE COMPARED
Average Percentage of Fat in Guern-
sey Milk is SIG and That of
Holstein is 3.42.

The average per cent of solids in
Guernsey milk Is 14.71 and in Holstein
milk 11.S5. The average percentage
of fat in Guernsey milk is SIG and in
Holstein milk 3.42. The percentage
Of solids taken from the milk when
separated approximates four-fifths of
the amount of fat removed. This be-
, 1917-08-09
GOOD WIND SHIELD CLEANER
oseiIIatino Lever, Operated by Electric
Motor, Sweeps Over Surface
to Be Cleaned.

The Scientific American in illustrat-
ing and describing a windshield clean
er, the invention of o. E. Wall Of Hon.
olulu, Hawaii, says:
The chief features of the apparatus
are an oscillating lever, a wiper at
tached to its extremities and thus
, 1917-08-09

adapted to reciprocate and sweep over
the surface to be cleaned, an electric
motor for operating said lever, and an
extensible clamp adapted for attach
ment to the frame Of a windshield
and on which the other parts Of the
apparatus are operatively supported.
, 1917-08-09
SHORTAGE OF SOUND HORSES
Every Farm Mare Should Be Bred to
Good Stallion-Motive Power Al
ways In Good Demand.

Breed every sound mare to a good
stallion. There is a decided shortage
of good horses and the demands will be
very heavy in the months to come. 1t
takes five years to breed and bring
horses to the general market. We will
always need more horses han any 9TH
er form of motive power for farm use.
, 1917-08-09
FARMERS BUY CARS
Automobile Market Divided Into
Two Broad Fields.
CLEAR ANALYSIS OF SUBJECT
Found From Investigation That One
Half Of Mileage OF 3,ooo,o oo. Cars
Is Employed Solely for Bust
ness Purposes.

So much has been written relative
to the development Of the motor car
industry and so many prophecies have
been ventured without proper consid-
Grafton of vital and controlling factors,
that a clear and simple analysis of
the subject may serve to dissipate
much of the unfounded conjecture.
The automobile market is divided
into two broad fields. First h rural
class, which includes all persons en-
gagged in farming and others in varf-
Gus businesses who live in towns of
less than five hundred population. Sec
ond, the urban class, which comprises
all people in any but farming pursuits,
who live in towns of five hundred or
more population.
Possible Automobile Buyers.
In the rural or farming market,
there are 6,5OO,OOO families. One mil
lion of these now own motor cars and
one and one-half millions are poor, IL
l~iterate, who for the purpose of this
study may be excluded from the pros
pective class. There remains, then,
100000 farm families who are posi-
BILE automobile buyers.
In the urban class, covered by 1000
towns and cities of more than five
hundred population, there are about
100000 home owners of which num-
Der only 100000 now own cars. Ac-
cordingly, there remain 100000 pros
pective buyers in this class, or a total
actual unsold market, in both rural
and urban classes, of 100000 possible
automobile buyers.
The accepted average life Of an au-
tomobile is about five years in the
hands of the original owners; and as
the man who once owns a car will not
thereafter be without one, we must
include the recorder market which in
the calendar year of 1917 will be about
100000, this being 20 per cent of the
100000 now in Use
Buyers In 1918.
For the year 1917, therefore, the au-
tomobile business will face a market
Of about 100000 possible buyers. Not
more than 100000 cars will be built
in the coming year, leaving a possible
excess market of 100000 buyers at
the beginning Of 1918.
These figures are decidedly conserv-
alive because they take no consid-
Grafton of (1) any export outlet, (2)
the people who have or will have two
or more machines, (3) increased popu-
lation, (4) increased prosperity, (5) a
million or more town and city families
who do not W the homes in which
they live, but are we'll able to buy and
maintain a motor car, (6) the bust
ness houses, retail and wholesale mer-
chants who use thousands of roadsters
for statesmen, and many thousands
more of delivery cars Irregular auto
mobile chassis with commercial body),
(7) taxicabs and other cars for public
hire.
An important and noteworthy fact
Is vouched for by the editorial depart
ment Of Automobile Topics, a we'll
known trade authority which has been
making a careful analysis of the COM
paratlve nature of automobile service.
They state that of the 100000 motor
cars of all kinds in service in the Unit
ed States today, they can conserva-
lively say from their investigation that
over one-half of the mileage of the g.
100000 cars is used for business pur-
noses
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-07-17
IN Snencar Sqnare.

Touights attraction at the Spencer
Square theatre is In the Hands Of the
Law" featuring Lois Meredith and
splendid cast all around in one OF the
biggest. brightest and most purpose
fuI dramas Of a decade I'm the Hands
of the Law" viii not only cause every
mother and daughter to think, but IL
viii afford them unlimited pleasure
and amusement at the same time. The
story lis replete with sensational de-
veI0pments and a series Of highly dra-
matte situations which places the play
among the finest examples Of artistic
photodrama there ia to be found any-
where. Miss Meredith never had
drama in which half the opportunity
was had 70 exploit her many talents as
IN the Hands of the Law"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-07-17

with Robert Warwick as the star,
Selznick- Pictures as the standard OF
quality. f. Phillips Oppenheim as the
author, Miss olive Tell as the leading
woman and Leonce Ferret, the noted
French producer as director. the show
ing Of "The silent Master at the Ma
Icstic today and tomorrow promises 70
De c5nematic event Of more than or
rf1arv interest THE Silent Master"
IS taken from the Oppenheim novel,
.Fhe Court of ST. simon" which de-
oe its name from a mysterious trib-
unai n which wronEdoers, especially
oppressors OF the poor. are published.
The presiding genius ol this court is
marquis, who calls himself Valentin
simon To satisfy "a within, he intro
duces young scapegrace. Eugene
Arlan. to the people Of the UNDER
world whom he employs ia his benefc-
emit work Arlen takes d morbid in-
terest iu the life and embarks pa j. on
his own account.