davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
ARE YOU SICK?

Have you Rheumatism, Stomach or Kid
ney. Trouble. Then go to Boulder Hot
Springs, the most wonderful Curative Wa
ters in the World. Positively cures. Fine
hotel accommodations medical attendance.
Cheap rates by the week. Write to j. NJ.
REY NOLDS. manager, Roulder Hot
Springs, Mont
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
GOPHER IS ESPECIALLY
C0NTRlVED FOR DIGGING

1t is contended that, of all living
creatures, the gopher is the one most
perfectly adapted to digging in the
ground. This animal is short legged
and with extremely small eyes. In
it's tunneling work the gopher en-
ploys it's long and powerful front
teeth as pick to loosen the ground.
At the same time the fore feet, which
are armed with long, curved claws,
the sides of the toes being lined, in
turn, with bristles that prevent the
passage of dirt between them, are
hard at work both in digging and
pressing the dirt back under the
body There the hind feet take it
and push it farther back.
When a sufficient quantity of
earth has been accumulated in the
rear of the gopher, the animal whirls
and by bringing the wrists"
together under his chin, with the
palms Of his "hands" held vertically,
he pushes the earth out in front. A
gopher will move backward just as
the soil either way His movements
in excavation are almost as rapid and
automatic as those of a shuttle. 1t
has been estimated that a pocket 60
pher can make 200 complete strokes
with his teeth in one minute.
The jaws are so arranged that 3S
single cuts are made by the forward
stroke of the jaw, and 2S by the
backward stroke. Thus. it will be
seen, the jaws of this curious little
creature may accomplish a grand to-
tai Of 13,200 cuts a minute when in
active operation. He is immensely
destructive to crops and is, therefore.
not popular.
The gopher digs as long as
he lives, extending his burrow from
year to year. All his life is practic-
ally passed underground, except
when, for an instant, on rare occa-
sions, he emerges into the air to push
a load of earth from a freshly opened
hole. But he vanishes SO quickly
that it might be said he is never seen.
If gopher in captivity finds
whole potato he will cut off little
slices, trimming them to suitable
shape with his sharp teeth, and trans
fer them to his cheek-pouches by
swift movement. To remove them
from the pouch he presses his fore
feet firmly against the sides of his
head and carries them rapidly for
ward, dumping the contents of the
pouches on the ground before him.
These pouches are often packed so
full of bits of roots, stems and leaves
as to give the gopher a strongly dis
torted appearance.
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
PROSPERITY BASED ON
AGRICULTURE IS SAFE

While sounding warning that
now is the time for the utmost eau
ton and careful study of current de-
velopments, Theodore Wold, govern
or of the federal reserve bank of
Minneapolis, in telegram to the
Montana Banker of Helena, gives as
surance that the present internation-
al crisis should not alarm conserva-
tive bankers or business men. The
prosperity of the Ninth federal re-
serve district, which is solidly found
ed on agriculture and the producing
of things which the world must have,
cannot be permanently impaired,
Governor Wold Declares
In case any emergency should arise
out of the present situation Governor
Wold promises that the federal re-
serve bank of Minneapolis stands
ready to extend support. The re-
sources of the bank are being kept
in a highly liquid condition against
any possible demand. Governor
Wold's telegram to the Montana
Banker, in full, is as follows:
with an agricultural production
in Minnesota, the two Dakotas AMI
Montana from the principal crops of
more than S540, 100000 in an aver
age year, to say nothing of wool, cat
tie, hogs and other items of produc-
ton, the prosperity of this district,
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
BARkEMEYER
Grain and Seed
Company
"roaV rails Montana

which is solidly founded on agricul-
ture and the producing of things
which the world must have, cannot
be permanently impaired. The pres
ent outlook should not disturb either
business men or bankers who are
operating conservatively and whose
affairs are in sound condition.
hope that the present serious inter-
national crisis will not react unfavor-
ably upon the business and financial
situation.
prudent men must realize that
this is time for caution and careful
study of current developments. The
federal reserve bank stands ready to
extend to every sound and well-man-
aged member degree of support far
beyond any demands that can now be
foreseen. Acting upon the belief
that the present time counsels the ut
most prudence, it's resources are be-
ing kept in highly liquid condition
against demand which, l trust, will
not come, but for which we will be
prepared should it show ITSELF"
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23

getting the kernels mixed. Put three
rubber bands around each roll OF
doll, one at the middle and one al
each end, and put the doll or dolls in
a bucket of warm water to soak over
night.
Ventilation Necessary.
The next morning pour off the
water and take off the two end bands
to allow the kernels to get sufficient
air. Replace the doll in the empty
bucket, standing so that the tips of
the kernels will point downward
This allows for definite separation of
the roots and shoots when growth
begins and thus makes the reading
of the test easy. Cover the bucket
with a cloth that has been soaked in
hot water and then set in a warm
place, near the cook stove or heater
OF some kind. At the end of the sec
ond day fill the bucket with warm
water, allow the doll to soak few
then pour off the water and
cover with a cloth as before. The
test will be ready to read in from
five to seven days. Poor vitality in
any of the ears will be shown by the
of the kernels in the
squares. The same cloths may be
used several times. If mold appears,
the cloths should be steri1ized by
boiling.
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
BETTER BREEDING
IN THIS STATE
SUPERIORIT OF STRAIN
COUNTS IN END, SAYS
HARRY SUMMERS.
Sale and Show of Shorthorns Will Be
Held by Montana Pure Bred Short
Horn Breeders Association Some
time This Year at Billings, Sccre-
tary-Treasurer Announces.

Breeding of cattle in Montana is
reaching higher scale, according to
Harry Summers of BOZemaL, secre-
tary-treasurer of the Montana State
Pure Bred Shorthorn Breeders asso-
citation.
"SuperiOrity of strain counts in the
end" said Mr.. Summers. 1--WE urge
it for Shorthorns and recommend it
for other strains, whether beef or
dairy cattle.
Shorthorns Prolific.
''The Shorthorn breed has been
prolific in the state. BY substantial
campaign among those who already
own the breed and to the incoming
settlers who wish to increase their
farm efficiency, we preach the doc
trine of pure breds.
"Cattle breeding has become more
concentrated than in the range days
and the Montana fal mer is adopting
himself to the change which is inev-
liable when the range approaches to
be thing of the past.
Will Have Show and Sale.
The association will hold show
and sale of Shorthorns sometime this
years dL DlIiluSS. "A COlIllllIIlGC COlIl-
posed of r. l.. Bennett of Wilsall, c..
E. Axtell of Salesville and Harry
Summers will determine the dates of
other Shorthorn sales and shows in
the northwest.
The association members will be
pleased that the stase ra1r dates have
been moved up until September "a
20, according to Mr.. Summers, who
stated that resolution asking this
change had been passed by the as
sociation.
The officers for the association
this year are P. H. Griffin of Drum
mond, president: Henry l.. Miller
Home Park, vice president; Harry
Summers, Bozeman, Charles B. An
derson, Bozeman, l.. A. Nutting,
and A. r. Deschamps, Mis-
soula, executive committee.
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23

And even if you could give your
wife everything she wants, the
chances are that she wouldn't want
it when she got it.
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
WORLD NEVER SO
HUNGRY AS NOW
PRODUCERS OF FOODSTUFFS
FACE MOST PROMISING
ERA in HISTROY.
When War in Europe Is Over We
Must BE Ready to Meet Enormous
Demands, President of Colorado
Farmers Congress Declares at
Convention,

"The world is hungry as it never
was before and the farmers of the
world, as the producers of the things
which will satisfy that hunger, face
the most promising era of their his
tory"
That was the keynote of the an
nual address of President o. F. Gard
ner of the Colorado Farmers con-
gress at the annual session at the
Agricultural college at Fort Collins,
Colo.
President Gardner said that the
eyes of the world are turned on the
producer as they have never been be-
fore. Production of food stuffs and
raw material for clothing has been
"all shot to pieces" literally and fig
uratively in Europe, and he told the
farmers of Colorado in attendance
on the congress that never had a
body of farmers assembled them
selves together at so important a
time.
Enormous Demands After War.
when the war in Europe is over,'
he said, "we must be ready to meet
the enormous demands which will be
made upon us. The demand for food
and clothing will be even greater
then than it is now. In order to
meet this demand and thus take ad-
vantage of our opportunity-an
opportunity, as I have previously
limited, such as has never been ours
before-we must push our produc-
tion up to the very limit To do this
we must use our brains. We must
study all new legislation, such as the
new rural credits law, we must take
of every bit of assistance
we can get from our Agricultural col
lege, from our county agricultural
agents, and from the United States
government
'The most comforting thing about
the situation is that we need not fear
There can be no
such thing as overproduction of food
stuffs and raw material for clothing
in the next few years.
Gas never before is it evident to-
day that the business of producing
business. We must use big business
methods; we must use big business
brains, if we are to be equal to the
demands which will be made on U.S.
Must Correlate Ourselves.
''The day of the individual living
only for the individual in rural COM
munities is past. We cannot fulfill
our destiny any longer by that prin-
ciple. We must correlate ourselves
into tangible, effective, harmonious
community units. We must take
cognizance of our relationship to the
state. We must make closer study
Of legislation, for we are the state.
And even as a nation we occupy
4 position which requires our very
best forethought and vision. This is
true of every other nation of the
world. When the present world war
terminates every nation of the world
will find itself in position as re-
CARDS it's relationship to the other ma
lions for which there is no precedent
We must think out our course of ac-
Lion and the welfare of civilization in
the future will depend upon the wis
dom and Judgment we display"
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23

When it comes to sticking to vic
tim, the porous plaster hasn't any
thing on the bill collector.
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
Wheat Condition Excellent.

Reports from all parts of Montana
and the northwest generally are to
the effect that the condition of Win
ter wheat is excellent.
The condition the first of Febru-
ary was "a per cent Since early fall
the ground has been covered with
snow.
The critical time for the winter
wheat growers is in March and April
when there is a liability of sudden
thaws and freezes. Last year in diff
ferent parts of the state growers had
this experience with resultant cut
ting down of the winter wheat yield.
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23

Seed Corn Tests More Important
in This State Than in So Called
Corn Belt Since Season Is Short

The testing of seed corn is much
more important in Montana than it i!
in the so-called corn belt Our grow
ing season is all too short at the bes
and does not allow the rarmer to test
out his corn by planting it and then
replanting the hills that do not have
plants enough. To secure maximum
yields perfect stand must be Sc
cured at the start of the growing sea-
son and this can only be obtained by
planting seed which is sure to ger
inmate.
Every ear of corn which has been
saved for seed purposes should be
tested separately Even with the
best of care in picking and drying
some ears will prove to have poor
vitality and some may be entirely
dead. AS it takes on the average less
than 20 ears of seed corn to plant an
acre, the using of two to three dead
ears would cause material loss.
Vitality Easily Determined.
Testing seed corn is a very simple
process and the vitality of each ear
of corn can be easily determined and
the weak and dead ears thrown out
before the seed is shelled. The saw
dust box and the rag doll are two
of the simplest and commonest seed
corn testers and can be easily made
and used by anyone.
The sawdust box tester may be
made any size, but standard
size for 100 ears is 80 inches
square and four inches deep. In
the bottom of the box is placed two
inches of clean sawdust that has
been thoroughly soaked in warm wa
ter. This is packed down tightly and
covered with a cloth that has been
marked off in two and one-half inch
squares with two and one-half inch
around the edge.
Squares Numbered to 100.
The squares are numbered from
one to 100 and the ears to be tested
are laid out in order and given the
same numbers. Six kernels, two
from near the tip, two from the mid
lie, and two from near the butt, are
aiken from each and placed in the
squares on the cloth. The kernels
rom one are placed in square one.
md SO on. Another cloth which has
'een wet in warm water is then
placed over the kernels and the box
S filled with warm moist sawdust
seven days are required for
good test and at the end of this
ime the top sawdust is removed and
he cloth rolled back. If any of the
quares contain dead or very moldy
ernels, the ears corresponding to
he numbers of those squares should
'e thrown out.
Rag Doll Tester.
The rag doll tester is simply a
trip of muslin 10 inches wide and
our or five feet long. A heavy line
) drawn through the center of the
10th and squares made by marking
ross lines every two and one-half
aches. These squares are numbered.
A blank eight to 10 inches long
hould be left at each end of the
10th. This is necessary to make the
10th roll easily and to prevent the
.ernels from becoming mixed. If the
10th is soaked before placing the
,ernels on the numbered squares,
hey will stay in place better than if
t is dry. Place six kernels, germ
ide up, crosswise on each numbered
square, with the tips all pointing the
same way. Then carefully roll up the
strip as loosely as possible without
The Ronan pioneer., 1917-02-23
1,O4O-Acre Ranch Sold.

e. ID. Barney, county commissioner
of Fergus county, has sold his ranch
of l,O40 acres near Deerfield to Har-
ley Scovel, the consideration being
we'll over $20,OOO
The nonpartisan leader., 1917-09-13

pcefxing commission
would bread d4ounce oaves) Now
bread If wheat is remain at
$220 should prevail the Leader shows article
flour and bread in this ISSUE Will t7
The nonpartisan leader., 1917-09-13
A MISUNDERSTANDING

NE seems to have been
regard to what the food going do
regulating the of flour Administrator Hoover
told farm editors assembled Chicago recently that he was
going to fix the price of -four allowing 2ent profit
per barrel He also said feed would be regulated the mi
would make only SO cents profit statements to
the editors perfectly plain and emphatic explained that
these margins the mlers much profit down
Later These statements made August 25
on August 2 the next day. Lorenz avenue Mime
apo secretary OF the Flour and Cereal Mill union No
l5469 branch Of the American Labor wired Me-
Hoover follows
We request that is
Cereal Oft Also -
dnneapo
In response to this telegram Mr. Lorenz the following
telegram:
There no intention
VIII be adjusted peraton - - -
Taken in connection with statement farm naner
editors there absolutely explanation telegram from him
unless that the profits flour sold to
the for supplies but to fix price
ON four sold the general public this explanation should
have been made plain that this the Hoover talked
to the farm editors AS it they away deceived
Here another thing for the League meetings this month at St
Paul and Fargo o take These meetings probably get definite
information the toward flour and feed
manufacturers and if their the
The nonpartisan leader., 1917-09-13
The Meetings

IlC lvlOCIlllSS
HHE Nonparisan league meetings held in Fargo septem
September 49, 19 and 20 will be the most
important meetings farmers held since the United States got
into the To the nation well the states where the
League organized organizing these meetings will be of re
mendous significance They will be the first general expression of
the common people questions
which have arisen home while the has been
the war in Europe.
fixing government price wheat below the
production that will stimulate production, time
when there world shortage Of wheat the occasion for
calling the meetings. but they not be meetings of protest The
farmers and the coal operators have been the only far that
regulated the the cutting of the
price the by the has been followed by actual
Of the big cities Will the cutting down
the farmers price for wheat act the same? Are the ms and
the middmn absorb the profits taken from
farmers going benefit by it2 Is the
that it has conscated the farmers profit wheat
prices machinery Shoes clothing binder
n and all the other items living farmers items
that the making of crop? why not? These few
of the questions these important meetings will thresh out
Big organized Big Businesson
the government food control policy has been tremendous
Hoover and the president have surrounded themselves with
puocrats the theory that is better the paoc
operation Of these fellows than to have fight them force them
dgorge profits while the country sending its manhood the
front fight to eradicate auocracy from the world Due to
the influence of these interests the has found
regulate
confcate practically all the farmers profits But the
finding it hard not impossible to lower regulate the Of
things which organized Big Business interested The Leagues
meetings will endeavo crystize public sentiment that will back
government limit making food regulation and
making something than
against the mer packers mdmen
Leagues meetings producers
labor federaons asked
tend prominent organized
speak
and Investigators and experts the economic field of
onal reputation will be the program
The has the plain people Of this make
The public sentiment must be
that president will
in really making this democratic
possible every citizen poor The meetings
problems facing, order that Uncle Sam, with Justice
liberty regnng home the abroad with all
vgo undsmayed by discomfort the ranks his
people.
representatives
dmeanf
dnotexp
Leader article
flour randbre in Will t7
The nonpartisan leader., 1917-09-13

Mob Action
~HE length last week part
the Fargo Forum played creating disorder and
Fargo public meeting two weeks Since that
written the Forum published the effect that the Home Guard
Of Fargo body approved the action it's members took breaking
the meeting and the Forum announced that to do that Of
thing the chief for the organization Of the Guard
urprd statement of the Guard approving the disorder created BY
it's members signed The Leader hoped that
horzed statement but has been denied by the
its officers Perhaps the has refused
The Fargo Forum has placed the Home Guard ndefen
BILE and dangerous position the least In the pre-
serving the fair and reputation Fargo and dpang
feeling against the Guard which has been brought
the Guard should officially and emphacay deny
the Forums stories, which many people do not believe
the Guard has truth been organized for the sole purpose
breaking public meetings which members of
Forum do Of and if the Guard officers
Of the body whole the prcpaed by
bers weeks the Guard has valid In the
Of law and order Fargo promptly
miraculous that blood shed two weeks
crowd gathered the Gardner
action against the who speaking
earlier by Guard members and other citizens Mob
and named often be controlled The danger by
organized body Of very
Of nfmng mob spirit against the mob
action is directed, the danger is much greater.
North Dakota must enforce law and order Riotg every
or degree matter whom the Forum would practice against
ought to be suppressed There sediou
meetings The Leader believes that the to
indictment for incng
Guard exists for the the Forum says
guards supposedly formed they
should fall under the leadership
them to precptae disorder dangerous exists
The Leader does not want to be unfair with Fargo Home
Guard and if the Forum has the Leader will be
more than glad to set the Guard right if the
No farmer should let anything attending big
$. Paul this month import
The herald., 1917-06-14
BEAN BAG BALL IS AMUSING
TIsyer VINO Throws Most Bags Int
BASKET Is Winner-kncther Game
Also Described.

4 game called bean bag hall Is
played BY susps1dl1g : baske, By 2
rope from a doorway or some Other
place where i can swing freely. Place
The first player a. z certain distance
from il and give him three or four
bean bags. OF as many as you have
4htn pull the basket 10 Z certain
heigh; and let il swing back The
player tries - throw the bean bags
INTO the basket while Il is sEirEtns
re IS allowed OILY q certain tine
out within that tine he can use the
bean bags thai have missed over aEat1.
Someone else can pick them ID fo-
him Tie player who places most il
TIE oaske; wins Il is well 10 remove
your mothers best vase from tie shelf
near the doorway and 10 warn the
members Of the household against eo.
teTlng the room unexpect edly.
Another bean-bag game is 70 place
he players Il three groups The frs:
group throws 10 the last group and
ne group Il between tres 20 catch
rs bean bags - TIE ~.
The herald., 1917-06-14
T--rcer .: Sc.

The As;-C-C-lca. Society . Rance
tas again ,ake1 - ne discussion
winch has been before = OF several
previous occasions ana nat : he
statement Ia: thunder 8 never heard
:; sea The s;aIeEal; vas original
j. attributed % aaron Won Hum oc-at,
aal = -as been frequently 4-esuC-ed.
-; those who lrsls; "a; they have
heard thunder = SEA nave also stared
ina, the ?eaIs were 10; 50 loud a. on
lana 4 large number Of seaCen
have been found . agree with he
scientist. although = : suggested TIA,
tie other noises prevailing on ship
eoarG during storm nay be The
reason Wy re .2--ds- OXEN passes
UCnODced