davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1917-07-30
THE MOST EFFICIENT UNITS IN ARMY
ORGANLZAT TON.
Conclusions by the General Now Said
Be Questioned by General Pershing

Staff, III one such division is assir,,,
to such a road the road capacltv /.
not fully utilized"
Than the Staff recommended ,A.,
the number Of effective rifles bs -
creased by 3S per cent, with a cns
sequent increase in the road sns".
over the Field Service Regulations :,
16 per cent. To do this regimen, !.
1875 men is outlined. which ia srS
stantially the present organizato,
the latter being only twentv.ssv's
men per regiment in excess NJ ns
Staff figures, and these were add,a
to complete the supply machine 0nr
and headquarters companies tb.,
form our latest afterthought
So, in n word, the STAFF has n,.A
the present organization with a Via.
to using up all Of the road space po,.
sible in America for a tactical diyisior
correcting the Field Service tcachIn,
to At the European basis.
The final tables OF the new orp,r,
zation did not come from the pr,.
until nearly three years after the N,
ginning of the European war. In m.
meantime the Government had s,,,
officers to the Russian, French. Brt,
ish, German. Austrian and T,a,h,
fronts. They had the fullest opporp.
nifty Of seeing whether the Euronr,
units worked or not, and of report,,
upon any practical experiences NJ,
might make change essential
The questions naturally arise |,
view of the facts:
Did these trained observers vp,,
blind brides when they went abroad,
Or,
Is there a technical difference a,
opinion on the size of the division ,h,,
is so great as to account for the al,
crepancy now shown between III,
STAFF and General Pershing?
There is little question that II.
STAFF was influenced largely nv n,
chapter on organization in Genen
Won Bernhardi's book Germany ana
the Next War" which appeared in tn
latter, part of 1911. They have ey.
IDENTIFY tried to come close to n,
army corps that Bernhardi woun
VNOl biiV Nftl ildll lOdus IN tlf
making of a body to be moved oyel
American roads that are hardly 80
per cent. of the German in capacity
But the Bernhard teaching would M.
serve to suggest a reduction in III.
divisional force for European service
as the reduction was made on tbI,
side to meet poorer road condition,
and extended road spaces allotted b,
the Field Service Regulations.
Under the Field Service Reguls
tions. based on the old order. only d.
vision could be deployed in day. an
the STAFF simply increased the rifles 4
a division to utilize the full space.
The other changes do not-vary fror
the standard military view. and IN
chief difference is that the tactca
unit presented by the battalion ge,
an addition of 400 men. As it Is III
real fighting unit. the addition Of LOO
men to the regiment is merely
multiplication of units. AS to IN
proposed company changes. the lieu
tenants under the present syser
have IS men to supervise, as agains
62.2 under the Pershing proposal
The sun., 1917-07-30
NEW YORK. July 2s.

Rules and Regulations Prescribed
by the President for Local and Dis
trict Boards" says, Section 20, para
graph (e):
Any person employed in the service Of
the United States upon presentation to
such local board at any time within 10
days after the Ming OF = claim Of dis
charge by or In respect of such person,
Of an afidavit form No. 1871 signed by
the oficial OF the Government of the
United States having direct supervision
and control of the department, commits
sion. board. bureau. division, or branch OF
the Government OF the United States in
which such person Is employed. stating
that such person Is. in his opinion. neces-
sary TO the adequate and effective opera
tion OF such department. commission.
board, bureau. division, or branch In the
service OF the United States and cannot
be replaced by another person without
substantial material loss in the adequate
and effective operation of said department.
commission. board. bureau, division. or
branch in the service Of the United States.
In the case of person employed In the
legislative or judicial branch Of the Gov
ernment the afidavit may be signed by
the oficial under whom such person serves.
These are classified as persons
employed in the service Of the United
States designated by the President to
be exempted" They receive discharges
not certificates of exemption, however
The sun., 1917-07-30

Our instructors in the art of sane
eating commonly distress us by cloth
ing their messages OF enlightenment
in words that mean nothing except to
scientifically trained dietitians. Their
wisdom is hidden from the ordinary
cook and inscribed in terms that re-
quire the learning of a skilled stu
dent OF the classics to reveal. But oc-
casionally the product of intelligent
research is expressed so simply and
directly that even the persons for
whom 1t is ostensibly prepared can
master 1t without difficulty An ex-
ample OF this is Food Facts" thir-
ty-two page pamphlet by DONALD B.
ARMSTRONG. published by the Metro
politan Life Insurance Company for
the use OF its policyholders. which in
six short chapters tells all that any
body needs to know OF the selection.
purchase. preparation and consump-
tlon of economical, satisfactory. pal
atable foods. Such publications as
this. teaching the lessons OF right
feeding in a manner that carries con-
viction, and receiving circulation in
the homes OF thousands of citizens
have an effect on the public impossi-
BILE to calculate. beneficial not only to
the recipients OF the documents, but to
uncounted others; and the benefits are
the greater because no effort is made
to frighten people by overdrawn and
sensational assertions.
The sun., 1917-07-30
why Not Deal with Pensions First.

The Secretary of the Treasury, Mr..
McADoo, has a scheme for Govern.
ment insurance of soldiers, Of which
some outline has been communicated
TO the country.
1t has been intimated that proper
insurance might he expected to dis
place pensions, notion the faulty
of which has been sufficiently re-
marked upon by correspondent. II
such insurance is undertaken II will
certainly constitute an addition to ex-
isting pension outlays and n system
of bonuses preliminary to the pen
sions of the future.
What are such money payments as
pensions and insurance for? Their
purpose is to recompense the soldier
or his impedlate family for the loss
or impairment of his earning power.
No one pretends that the recompense
is or can be adequate; but at least
il averts distress and penury.
No system of insurance that can
he devised or put into operation will
go so far in this respect as system
of pensions rightfully administered.
You may insure man for $4,000 or
$1,000 or $1,000, spreading payment
of the policy over months and years
without approaching the efficacy of
pension. For often just at the
time when the veteran or his family
is most In need of aid, the last pay
ment will have been made by the
Government; and thereafter the Gov
ernment acknowledges no RESPONSE
bility to afford further assistance, no
matter how serious the need. But u
pension goes right on.
The trouble with soldiers insur.
ance is that 1t does not go far enough
the trouble with soldiers pensions is
that they sometimes 60 too far.
In other words, pensions are fun.
damentally right and soldiers 'insur.
ance fundamentally falls short OF
what is right and fair to the soldier
and his dependents.
If 1t is wished to establish soldiers
insurance as supplement to pen
sions the. principal question that
arises Is one of cost. The outlay
would be tremendous.
Mr.. McADoo should be in posses
sion of the necessary information on
that point. ,....
Is he sure that he has not started
at the wrong end? Pensions there
will certainly he. Would 1t not be
sounder to endeavor to get Congress:
to pass n straight, square, specific
pension law, law making a definite
contract with every soldier for the
benefit Of that soldier and his de
pendents? Wouldn't 1t be better bust
ness to get such law first and theT
take up the consideration of possible
soldiers insurance afterward?
The sun., 1917-07-30

within three months from the day
when the United States army, COM
pleted its new tables of organization,
showing just how many men 1t takes
to make a company, a troop, bat
terry, a battalion, a regiment,
brigade and division, there comes
the report from Washington that the
Administration, at the suggestion of
General John J. Pershing. is on the
verge of discarding the whole elabo-
rate work OF the General Staff.
The United States army organiza-
ton was made nearly three years
after the beginning OF the European
war. officers had been sent to all OF
the foreign fronts to see how other
armies were formed, why they were
so formed and how they worked after
being put together.
Now. says the Washington report,
General Pershing is convinced Of the
necessity Of these changes in the COM
position OF the fighting force:
Increase the infantry company from
$50 men and three officers to $50 men
and five officers. Mount the captain.
Increase the battalion from 500 to
1000 men.
Increase the regiment from 2,002
(enlisted) to 5000 men.
Reduce the division from 2s, 400 to
1900 men.
Under the present organization the
division consists of 24,610 fighting
men, with enough service trimmings
"a 20 L. ~ 90
OF these combatant forces $4,000
are infantry. organized in nine regi-
ments and three brigades.
For a great many years before the
organization was made, the Field Ser
vice Regulations, as interpreted by
the General STAFF, figured the infantry
of a division as containing 1886
enlisted men, of whom 10,S90 were
classed as effective rifles
The present organization of the di.
vision in the United States army |.
the direct outcome of the report of the
General STAFF upon THE Organiza.
ton of the Land Forces of the United
States" in which the Staff finds fault
with the Field Service Regulations
as they existed at the time of the
criticism. No new edition OF the Fielt
Service Regulations has been ISSUED
since the present complete organi.
zation was announced. In fact. the
forces taken abroad by General Per.
shing are the first in the history Of
the army under the latest ideas OF the
| General STAFF.
In the Field Service Regulations,
says the General STAFF. on page SO o.
its report, ''the infantry division com.
prises a total strength oi
l0,S90 riflemen."
The STAFF then took the European
experience. based upon the number o
men who can be deployed from roac
column into battle in a single day, anC
found that under the road condition.
in this country "the road space of the
Field Service Regulations is so grea
that two divisions could not effectivel,
deploy from the same road" in time L
bring all of the troops into battle OF
| the same day.
"On the other hand" criticised tn,
The sun., 1917-07-30

II did. Some OF the grocers rushed ,
Villa and cried that they sold at hir
prices because the commission merchar,
would not sell to them for less
Buy from other merchants" vi.
would reply. grinning, "or go into son
other business"
The red coats seldom patroled a sioa
more than a day. BY evening the mt-
chant would give up and bring his price
down. One man, a Spaniard. swore tha
he would never change his prices Tn
red coats stuck to his place for a wee
Then the merchant closed down his s,o-
and came to the United States vi'ls'
plan worked the trick, and never agay
during the Villista regime were CON
plants heard about the high cost 0
living.
Now to end with the beginning: ".
don't some OF New Yorks enterprisir
women's clubs try the red coat stun,
They can do It II they want o. and IN
side of week General High Cost ot ~
ing will be down on his knees tegE'r
for mercy JoHN W. RoRERrs
New YORK, July 2s
The sun., 1917-07-30
UNDISGUISED CIPHERS.
Some in Washington 1t Takes No
Ingenuity to Read.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: The
desire of Secretary Daniels to share
with the country an exultation over
something OF which it had no knowl-
edge is a most generous one, and 1t does
not seem difficult to understand his re-
luctance to give to the public the very
words OF the Gleaves cablegram" 1t is
quite obvious that lit is the immemorial
policy OF the Department in time OF
war not to employ the language OF a
message coming in code" and that
otherwise It would be easy for the
enemy to learn the cipher"
The adoption of any other policy in
this particular instance might cause the
Administration some OF the anxiety 1t
so carefully spared the public but which
IT later enhanced by infiicting what fu-
ture historians will probably record as
the great July Fourth hoax of the war.
Furthermore. It might disclose that
there are some ciphers in positions of
trust and responsibility IN Washington
that no code can disguise.
ARTHUR ]. KELLAR.
NEW YORK, July 2s.
The sun., 1917-07-30
THE SAVING SUFFS.
No Waste In Their Homes, Eve
When the Men GrOan.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir 7
Woman Suffrage party in New YORK
trying every practical way TO fmtH
the movement for national food col
servation. Its members are siguinG a.
obtaining many other signatures Z
the membership pledges In the init
States food administration, and hey a.
participating in all authorized nelE
borhood movements for food ssNa
They are giving food lectures In
least one Assembly district. the nj
teenth.
Better yet. they are practsns
their own homes, ofttimes In the "a
OF the groans and mutterlngs Of ne
bers who disdain corn and rye all
would cling to their daily beefste'
and bacon, the doctrines they nrea'
A housekeeper 3 job is not a happy o.
these days II her family IS not hred v.
patriotism to the same degree as q
herself, and she must work her ingea
ity overtime who would keep fan.
contented and happy. NJ \ VAS
New YORK, July rs.
The sun., 1917-07-30
A LESSON FROM VILLA.
Direct Action in Red Cloaks Cut Food
Prices in Mexico.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: There
Is too much talk and very little action
going on in dealing with the food pirates
who insist on keeping prices up. A
man can never whip his enemy by ges-
ticulating wildly and shouting at him
a good punch in the jaw would save a
lot OF trouble.
am not an economist and l am not
familiar with the food problem in this
city. but I do know that while abso-
lutely fresh eggs are quoted at 3S cents
a dozen grocers are charging from go
to IS cents for them. I also know that
some stores charge much higher prices
than others do for the same grade of
potatoes and onions. All OF which makes
me realize that there's something wrong
somewhere. So here is a solution;
Three years ago was travelling with
the notorious Generalissimo Villa as cor
respondent OF a number OF American
newspapers. villa whipped the FEEDER
ais. chased Huerta out OF Mexico. ex-
patriated the cientiicos. shot his politi-
cal enemies and otherwise did a pretty
good job of ridding the country of the
sharks who had made their fortunes by
there was one thing which villa could
not do: lower the cost of living.
Try as he would the ex-band't could
not make food prices come down First
he got after the retail grocers. They
| referred him to the wholesalers The
latter turned him over to the middle
men, and these complained bitterly that
| the farmer was responsible. In other
words. villa kept going around in cir
| cles for about two months. while food
prices kept going up-then he got mad
| He arrested three grocers and two COM
mission merchants (middlemen) who
! had been persistent offenders, had them
| tried by court-martial and ordered shot.
| They were executed publicly in the
main plaza at Queretaro on February
| Is, 1915 q am referring to my diary).
! Did this lower prices? Yes. for a
short while. But the incident was soon
forgotten and UP they went again.
There is one thing that even Villa q
enemies give him credit for that he
| has more cards and tricks up his sleeve
| than any other man they ever heard Of.
villa suppressed his rage and used his
brain. and It was not long before he hit
upon the solution.
He ordered a tailor in Chihuahua TO
manufacture as soon as possible five
dozen long red cloaks and an equal
number OF hats to match. In the mean
time Villa obtained detailed reports re-
garding the prices asked by each grocer
for food commodities. He discovered
that a number of merchants were selling
| oil ha Nrt,
by los honorables. Just as soon as the
red cloaks and hats were delivered villa
put them on number of his soldiers
and sent them out in pairs to patrol the
sidewalk around the stores of the food
sharks. Each man carried a signboard
on which was written:
The sun., 1917-07-30
CORN BREAD?
A Man From Down South INN
ErsatZ Is Being offered Instead

To THE EDITOR or THE SUN--ST W.
Go you not censor tho letters write.
you on the subject Of corn bread D
Gently you printed two recipes U.
save the mark
The first one l read for the hrsl W
Take two cups Of yellow coTnm"
it says. and l stopped "Yello" ''
It TO the marines.
Now to the next. lone -ha'f cup
-four" Halt! This isn't corn er''.
II you want further proof, read tu'|
IL you can. "One-half cup sranu'N'
sugar"
II this was read to an on ne
nanny from where 7 come from
would leave her kitchen JOB, de,'"'
the missus was too "ignurant
This sort of thing may be all '
but don't call II corn bread
GEORGE wnNFn
New YORK, July IS.
The sun., 1917-07-30
CHOCK FULL BUSES.
A Resident OF Midtown Protests He
Has No Chance to Ride on Them.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-ST: Under
the present system of running the buses
to Fort George or l6sth street it is i'm
possible to board one In the morning
below 1S5th street as all the seats are
occupied by persons living in the vicin-
ity of the start of the line. Persons
residing between 1S5th street and
Fifty-seventh street cannot make use
OF the service during rush hours, owing
to the rule of limiting the number of
passengers TO the seating capacity OF
the bus.
BY all means let the residents Of
Washington Heights have the benefit Of
the bus service, but run enough buses
10 accommodate all who want to ride.
RICHARD S. WoRMsER.
New YORK, July 2S.
The sun., 1917-07-30

Professor ADAMS of the Mount Will
son observatory in California an
nounces that a new star, the first to
be discovered in four years. has been
found by Professor GEORGE w. RITcHEY
but cautious persons will wait for the
news to be confirmed, fearing that the
astronomers have been deceived by a
Zeppelin on its way to take its place
beside the cherubim in a Prussian
heaven
The sun., 1917-07-30
The Negligible Threat of Anarchy

DR.. ANDREW d. WHITE. sometime
Minister to Germany and long presi-
dent of Cornell, is an American whom
his countrymen have long loved to
honor A many sided man, alertly
interested in human affairs from evO-
lutionary science to statecraft, he has
been n leader OF American thought.
One of the earliest Of our educators
to be impressed with the German
educational system. he did much to
advance the transportation of that
system to our own colleges and uni
versities. Indeed. prior 10 the war
DR. WHITE was keen admirer of
things Teutonic, and ii is not sur
prlsing that to-day his public utter
ances should. in some degree, reflect
that admiration.
Not, however, the seeming conf
dence In Germany's future which
characterized DR.. WHITES interview
just published, but rather singular
and, we think, most baseless appre-
hension for the future of the United
States which he expressed, invites
our attention.
"The future danger here" says DR..
WHITE, "is anarchy, l think. A ten.
dency toward anarchy Is observable
at present. and many people are be-
coming impatient of the restraints of
republican government"
II would be hard for DR.. WHITE,
or any other observer of social phe-
nomena In this country. to point out
any tangible evidence of the growth
of anarchism. Its prophets are the
same that uttered their jeremiads II
quarter of II century ago. They are
sadly shopworn goods. Their names
are known of all the people because
they are so few. No new names Of
consequence have appeared in the
roster of anarchists since BERKMAN
and GOLDMAN began their propaganda
! in the early 90s. Their audiences
show no signs of increase. Their pub
lications go TO but a beggarly list of
subscribers. Most of the persons of
note or notoriety whom the news
papers describe as affiliated with
them deny any acceptance of anar-
chistic doctrines, and explain their
interest on the plea that they feel
that interference with the propaganda
nf anarchism takes the form of in
reference with free speech and Il
free press.
No less appropriate time for
gloomy forebodings of anarchy in. the
United States than the present could
possibly be chosen. Loyalty to the
Government Is universal. The most
serious criticisms of it that are heard
come from men who complain that
1t Is not strong enough-not sufti.
ciently determined and energetic
None but an absolutely loyal people
would have completed the registra.
tion for the selective draft without
an audible protest. None but peo,
pie ready and eager to support its
Government would have oversub
scribed the Liberty Loan by more
than billion dollars and distributed
the bonds among more than 4,400,OOC
patriotic investors.
At no time in its history has the
United States been more free from
domestic menace than to-day. Thai
sense Of coherent and unified nation
ality bred Of general effort in com
mon and lofty cause will grow
rot lessen, as the war proceeds. The
noise and clamor of the few malcon
tents only lends emphasis TO the 81
lent and self-sacrificlng support tn,
great mass of the people is now Civ
Ing to the Government in facing tn,
crisis Of the worlds greatest war.
The sun., 1917-07-30
Six Days From standing Tree to Finishs.
Houae
From the Munuiuotarer, Record.

From the MdnUfGoturers Record.
At Camp Taylor. near Louisville. one OF
the administration buildings is said to have
been built partly Of lumber cut from a
Mississippi pine forest less than week
before. The trees we're felled and went
through the mill Saturday were kiln dried
Sunday, loaded Monday on special cars
mandeered by the Government, rushed
10 Louisville at almost passenger schedule
time and when the carpenters at Camp
Taylor laid down their tools at the end
Of work the following Saturday men were
moving desks and other once para pher-
MALTA into a house which had been part
OF the forest six days previously,
The sun., 1917-07-30
INDISPENSABLE MEN.
Specifically Government Employees
Whom II Is Wished to Retain.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: In
an editorial article regarding the draft
you said persons working for the
United States Government were exempt,
providing a superior officer would GER
tify that the person is indispensable.
Every one living Is indispensable and
| would thank YOU to make this clearer.
DAILY READER.
The sun., 1917-07-30

The Mexican newspaper El Universal
naturally resents the insinustion OF the
Berlin Post that Mexico, not having
been Influenced" by the Allies, may
be brought to the side OF the Central
Empires. Mexico may not want to
take up arms in the war, but her
people balk at being classed with the
Prussians.
The sun., 1917-07-30
The Warm Number.


TTVW FHU HF1UH0u UOH1IFIUEEOW'
Though the sun is rainin' hre-
More than mortal would desire,
There's a pessimistic brother standing nIRh
And he's sayin': Though it's hot
Though It melts In every spot
There's a hotter time a-comih' by an byI'
That's his way throughout the day
That's his everlasting way
When the heat 10 maxim wrinkles In the
sky;
When you swsltsr In the blaze
That's the tune he's sure TO raise!
There's q hotter time A-eomin' by an byl''
The sun., 1917-07-30

FTOm The H0hsTOH PoaT,
You will have to hand II TO Mr. Roma non
for the quiet he has maintained since he
was scrouged out OF his Job. A fourth
class postmaster In Texas would have
roared more for being fred from his little
three for a quarter once
The sun., 1917-07-30

The idea that German agents are
spreading tetanus and typhoid by means
OF poisoned court plaster is too silly to
be seriously considered for a minute
it's too asinine and stupid for any
German.-Stdtement Of a maker Of sur
geonS' supplies.
But its brutality would go far to
commend it to the Prussian mind.
The sun., 1917-07-30

Governor BRUMBAUGH OF Pennsylva-
MIA has vetoed the bill suspending for
the period OF the war the full train
crew law which compels the railroads
to employ unnecessary men in their
operation. The Governors idea seems
TO be that foolish statute must be
preserved even at the cost Of national
efficiency