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The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1917-02-10
TICKETS

Purchase your Tickets at Zion Stores
Jewelry Department. Round trip 75c.
The theocrat. [volume] (Zion City [i.e. Zion], Ill.) 1914-1949, 1917-02-10

Railroad, leaving Salem Boulevard Station
promptly at 100 a. m.
TICKETS
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

despot as hath ever been sent into
the world for curse TO mankind.
He added that he found from con-
versation with the people that the
king was thoroughly hated, and he
wondered at the freedom Of speech
combined with the servility Of &C
ton, until told that Frederick no
ticed it only by saying: Let my
subjects say what they will, so long
as they do what I will" This appar-
emily is the present kaiser's policy
with his socialist subjects.
As for Frederick the Great. one
half Of his reign had elapsed. when
his great object was accomplished.
The remaining % years were spent
as the previous 10 years OF peace
lad been spent, in strengthening the
nation and promoting the welfare Of
the people. At the same time. he
kept up vigilant preparation
aginst possible war. He promoted
education both elementary and ad-
vanced. He encouraged art and lit
erature. especially poetry and the
drama. He began a thorough re-
modelling of the judicial system; II
was his direct command that that
system should be so constituted that
prince and peasant alike should have
speedy and exact justice. Unlike his
father and some Of his successors,
Frederick was intensely humane.
He gave strict orders against harm
ing non-com batants or plundering
conquered peoples. He was not,
however, so conscientious where ma
tions were concerned. He readily
took part in. even If he did not
originate, the first partition Of Po-
land in 1872.
Frederick's death occurred Aug.
10. 1886. His health had been poor
for two or three years. but he con
tlnued his activities 10 the end-his
last attempted utterance was an Of
fetal order. His private life, after
some youthful follies had passed.
was upright His letters 20 his
mother. sisters, brothers, and
friends display a warmth ana depth
o. affection. To his wife he was
simply. though kindly. civil He
rever lived with her after he be-
came king. but he occasionally visit
cd her and provided amply for her
coIafort. she was evidently worthy
woman. charitable and Of literary
ebfiity. and manifested excellent
sense in a trying situation. But
Frederick never forgot that she had
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

been forced upon him. They had no
children. the successor 90 the throne
was a nephew, who became Fred
erick William II.
Frederick had two attempted imi-
tators. George III OF England. his
second cousin, endeavored 20 intro
duce Prussian absolutism into Great
Britain. with the notable result that
the British North American col
onies became the independent
United States Of America. The pres
ent Kaiser William Is also reported
10 fancy that he is a second Fred
erick. But. as an astute student OF
history has remarked, he Is but a
oar.cature OF Carlyle's last OF the
k'ngE". The brutality which he
sanctions would have been most alb
horrent 20 the humane spirit OF HIS
great ancestor. while hts wild
scheme OF world domination would
never have been entertained by the
sagacious craftsmanship and polit-
teal foresight OF Frederick the
Great
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

petticoat rulers, however, he incur
red the bitter enmity of Czarina
Elizabeth of Russia, and Madame
Pompadour, the ambitious mistress
&C Louis XIV Of France. Both of these
Joined in urging Austria to make
war on Frederick. To the credit of
Maria Theresa, il can be said that
she was averse TO breaking the
treaty. But her willy chancellor
brought such influences TO bear upon
her that she at last consented, and a
treaty of mutual alliance was formed
between Saxony, Austria and Russia.
10 overthrow Frederick and crush
the growing power of Prussia.
But Frederick, ever on the alert,
had his spies in these countries. One
of them. a clerk in the foreign office
Of Saxony. furnished him with copies
of all the correspondence relating 10
Austria's intrigue. The Prussian
ruler had an army Of 100000 men
the hest drilled in Europe, was out
Of debt. and had a full treasury. No
sooner. therefore, was the treaty
between his three enemies signed
than ne marched into Saxony, on the
cath of August. 1856. and soon COM
pelled the saxon army TO surrender.
Thus began the Seven Years War
which was fairly comparable 10 the
present titanic struggle, in that IL
involved all the nations Of Europe,
even the few neutrals bearing their
share Of suffering. But Europe was
ripe for war. The combustibles had
all been gathered: Frederick simply
applied the torch. BY his rapidity
Of action, he made the earlier battle
fields outside of his own country.
Perceiving what was coming. he had
made overtures 70 England for mu-
tual alliance: and the older Pitt,
then premier, with a statesman
vision grasped the opportunity.
Great Britain and Prussia were thus
allied against the world. The final
results were far-reaching. France
and Spain were dispossessed OF the
new world. and Prussia was placed
in the position from which. uiti-
mately. she has been able 70 domin-
ate Germany and make Austria and
Turkey her vassals.
But meantime there was severe
fghting on land and sea. Frederick,
though usually victorious IN battle.
was often pressed: his re-
sources soon neared exhaustion
Finally. az the end Of six years
campaigning. ne was 1ell-nigh In
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

ed by the Hohenzollerns. has held
tight over the German people. But
sel1-respecting. intelligent men and
women may ask whether this semi
se-vitude Is not too high e price TO
pa even for such efficiency.
The result OF Frederick Williams
husbandry. drilling and tight-curb-
ing was that, az the end OF q years,
ne left his son and successor, Fred
erick II. a thrifty people. well-filled
government granaries, a thoroughly
drilled army OF $4,000 soldiers, and
the cellar of his fortress-p palace
stored with barrels OF gold and silver
coin, amounting TO 100000 thaiers
an immense sum for those times.
He also bequeathed 10 him an abso-
lutte monarchy, without the least
shs dow OF a constitutional parlia-
mcnt OF even a privy council 70
control his. will. his ministers being
stIaply clerks 10 record or execute
what he resolved upon. Later SOW
ereigns have thought it expedient TO
give 70 Prussia the shadow of con-
stitutional government, but TO this
day they have carefully withheld
the substance. How much longer
they will be able 10 Withhold it, is a
question.
Frederick William had married
his own cousin. another Sophia OF
Hanover, sister OF George II Of Eng
land. They had a large family OF
children. OF whom the two oldest,
and by far the ablest. were Frederick
and Wilhelmina. between whom a
close attachment and deep devotion
ever existed. Frederick-later 10 be
known as the Great"-was born in
1912, a year before his father came
10 the throne. His childhood and
youth were far from happy. His
tastes and temperament were direct
" the opposite Of his fathers, and
the latter never understood him.
Frederick William was coarse. brutal
and tyrannical. When aroused by
opposition. he became insanely furi-
Gus. His pleasures were in the hunt;
he had no use for literature or
learning Frederick, on the other
hand. enjoyed music and literature:
he liked 10 read and mediate. He
spent his leiusre hours in playing
the flute. upon which he became ex-
pert. Since there was no German
literature in those days young Fred
erick read French books, familiar
izing himself with their philosophi-
cal discussions and liberal views IN
government and religion - views
which his father. who sought 70 inn
pose his imperious will even over
the thoughts Of his family, abhorred.
At the age or seven. Frederick was
taken away from tn companionship
OF mother and sister and placed
under a strict regimen prescribed I'm
detail by the father. For instance.
he was awakened at s. compelled 20
Jump out OF bed at once. wash HIS
face and hands. dress and say his
prayers; all within minutes. That
there might be no Sinking, the
prayers were 20 be said aloud so as
TO be heard in every part Of the
room. Even after the young man
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

The story of the man who made
Prussia a power IN Europe has a pc
cuiiar significance in the light OF re-
cent events. one can. indeed, un-
derstand present-day Germany only
in the light OF her history. OF which
perhaps the most significant portion
il outlined ip this biography. No
one can fail 10 be interested IN the
iife-story Of a man. who. tremen-
6ous IN life is still. many years after
his death. a world-force-Editor's
note.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

Carlyle. the hero worshiper. who
saw nothing but brutal madness in
the French Revolution and who re-
Earded the formation Of the Amer
lean republic OF the United States as
a trivial incident in 18th century
history. styled Frederick II. OF Prus-
sia the last OF kings" BY an ETY.
mology OF his own. Carlyle had de-
rived King from can" and hence,
defined a king as the can man
the man who can do things. He
began writing his life OF Frederick
in 1856, and was, apparently, un-
aware that. even then. in Prussia
war a "can-rnan''-one Bismarck.
who using a royal parsonage as a
figure-head. was destined within Is
years 10 change the map OF Ger
many, and as an ultimate conse-
quence set the world in arms. I'm
der Carlyle's definition, Bismarck
certainly was a king" Could Car
lyle have looked ahead so years. he
might also have seen IN the fifth
generation from Frederick. the pres
ent Kaiser William. a man who,
utilizing the tremendous force Great
ed by Bismarck. tried 20 dominate
the worid-but failed.
The part Of Europe over which
Frederick reigned. and which he
converted into a powerful nation. lies
along the south shores OF the Baltic.
II was first made known 10 civiliza-
tiea by a Greek navigator
about 300 years before Christ. He
noted its boys and fens and savage
men-a mixture of Slavic and Mon
golian tribes In the time of the
Crusades. the Teutonic knights at
tempted 20 subdue and Christianize
these savages. Their success was
only partial, though ultimately the
Eavases were confined TO the district
later known as Brandenburg. No
settled ruler was. however, placed
over the country. until. in 1917. the
po1itico- ecclesiastical Council OF Con-
stance elevated TO the throne Fred
erick. a Hohenzollern, duke OF Bran
denburg-
This first Hohenzollern king was a
descendant OF younger son OF the
lord OF a little barony In TIE Alps a
few miles north OF lake Constance
note the name. HohenzoIlern means
in English high tolls, ard the term
was applied TO this barony because
its rulers literally exacted large sums
for permission 10 pass through its
boundaries. The younger son from
whom Frederick was descended had
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

was 10 years old. his father In mad
fury frequently caned him because
he did not meet HIS requirements.
The abuse 70 which he was subjected
at last became uncomfortable and
Frederick planned 10 escape TO his
uncle in England. He was. how
ever. intercepted. tried for desertion.
and sentenced 70 be hanged. His
father. apparently, would have car
ried out the sentence except for the
protests Of other rulers. AS IL was.
he imprisoned his son for a year.
and inflicted upon him all manner Of
humiliations. At length. Frederick
with the shrewdness which charac-
terized him in after life. adapted
himself TO the situation, and by an
obedience that was actually servile,
won the favor and, from all evil
dences, the affection OF his lrrascible
sire and monarch.
One form the paternal absolutism
took was the compelling of both
Wilhelmina and Frederick 10 marry
the mates ha picked out for them.
In both cases the marriages were
loveless - Wilhelmina's being par
ticularly unfortunate. Frederick :
domestic life, however, though with
cut affection, was not discordant;
and by assiduous attention 20 bust
ness during the first six years of his
marriage, Frederick not only won
the favor OF his father but prepared
himself for his own kingly respon-
sibilities.
These responsibilities came upon
him on June i, 1740, the day after
his father died. The new ruler did
not wait for the funeral before tax
ing action which showed the bent
Of his mind and the effect of his
liberal studies. He was what may
be termed a benevolent despot"
He made no claim OF divine right,
but asserted fully the powers which
his ancestors had attained by force
and which he inherited. He was an
absolutist Of the most uncompromis-
ing sort. IT know" he said. "of no
authority except what resides in the
king that is sovereign" Yet he also
said: MY sovereign will Is that. IL
II ever chance that my particular
interest and the general good Of my
countries go against each other. in
that case. my will is that the latter
be always preferred" The only diff
ficulty with this proposition under
an absolute monarchy is TO find the
power TO decide between these con-
1icting interests. Still. Frederick's
reign. on the whole, was devoted TO
promoting the prosperity Of the
country and the welfare OF the in
habitants.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

Ten years Of peace followed, dur
ing which he pursued the internal
improvements OF his nation. and by
diplomatic arts strengthened him.
self abroad There IS no doubt that
he desired peace and was content
with the acquisitions made. In the
course of his diplomacy, he furnish
ed wives 10 future rulers OF Russia
and sweden, and thus prepared the
ground for friendly relations. in case
he should. as he later did. need
friends. BY a witty remark about
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19
Frederick the Great

entered the service OF the emperor
some 200 years earlier, and he and
his descendants had acquitted them
selves so we'll that the duchy OF
Brandenburg. was their reward.
Brandenburg thus became a Ger
man state and its duke was granted
a vote In electing the emperor. The
emperor. in those days. did not serve
In token OF divine right, notice. but
was elected by the rulers Of the com
ponent parts OF the empire, who
were hence called electors.
In 1870 Frederick william. later
known as the Great Elector", be-
came ruler over Brandenburg. East
Of him was a domain inhabited by
the Preussen, or Prussians. who had
been partially subdued and slightly
civilized by the Poles, and thus were
under the Jurisdiction OF the latter
people. Frederick William man
aged 20 have Prussia transferred to
him. but he kept has new territory
distinct from Brandenburg. and took
the title Of Duke OF Prussia, indie
pendent OF the Holy Roman empire.
His son. Frederick. assumed the title
OF King OF Prussia, and in the year
1900 his title was recognized by the
emperor. Thus. a little more than
200 years ago. Prussia took her place
among the nations OF Eurooe-an
insignificant place at first, but soon
made powerful and prominent by
Frederick II, grandson Of the first
king.
Frederick had married Sophia OF
Hanover, sister Of George ! OF Eng
land. and a woman OF marked abil-
ity. Their son. Frederick William !,
displayed remarkable administrative
powers from the time OF his Scces-
sion 10 the throne on the 25th OF
January. 1913. He practiced nation
al conomics-himself saved and
compelled his subjects 10 save He
required his subjects 10 cultivate TIE
soil. 20 reclaim waste lands. and to
engage I'm various productive indus
tries-he taking high toll" OF their
profits. But while the royal Golfers
were FILED 10 overlooking, the people
themselves Increased in wealth AS
Pharaoh. acting upon Joseph's ad-
vice had done, Frederick established
government storehouses in which n
portion OF the years Of plenty was
stored fer distribution In times OF
want. Moreover. he formed an army.
making military service compulsory
on all males. Indeed. drilling in
every line-military, industrial. and
economical, has been the practice Of
HohenZollern rulers for 500 years.
Very little has been left 20 the vol
untary initiative Of the people. Their
sole business has been 10 obey,
without question, without hesitation.
Carlyle said. no nation not first
governed by so-called tyrants and
held tight 70 the curb. till it be-
comes perfect in its PAGES. ever
came TO much in this world" Per-
haps this IS true. The present mar
velous industrial. economic, and mil
itary strength OF the German en-
pire Is surely the result OF the curb"
which the Prussian autocracy, head
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19
Knit Goods
Special Prices

We are selling knit goods at less than
the cost of yarns.
Women's All Wool Knit Snugglers,
Specially priced from .$1.98 to $500
Women's Knit Skirts, Special at 49c,
$1.00 and .$1.5O
Children's Knit Toques. Special at 49c
and ............ 75c
Children's Combination Sets, Special at
$1.00, $1.49 and ...........$1 .9S
Children's Knit Skirts, Special at CSC
and ................ CSC
Children's Wool Sweaters, Special at
$1.69, $1.98, $2.49, $2.98, $3.50, $685.
Women's Outing Flannel Gowns, in
white and colored stripes, Special at 59c,
75c, Csc, $1.0O and $3.50
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

despair, and thought only Of perish
ing with the destruction of his coun-
try. Then. suddenly, the Czarina
Elizabeth died, and was succeeded
by Peter III, grandson Of Peter the
Great, and an enthusiastic admirer
Of Frederick. He not only withdrew
from the alliance with Austria, but
directed his generals to place their
troops at the service of the Prussian
king Peters assassination a few
months later, momentarily changed
the aspect of things; but his widow
Catherine, who succeeded him, and
whose marriage Frederick had en-
gineered, decided that her best in
terests were with Prussia.
In the meantime, all Europe had
grown sick Of war, and a general
peace was concluded in February,
1868. BY the provisions OF that
peace, Prussia not only secured ST.
iesia but became permanently es-
tablished among the nations Of the
earth. Twenty years later. in 1888,
another treaty was signed in Europe,
by which another nation was recog-
nized-the United States of America.
These two nations which, through
the throes of war, came out Of the
womb of the 18th century, were dia-
metrically opposed as 70 the funda-
mental source OF governmental au-
thority. Prussia placed II in the
hands Of one man; America lodged
it in all the people. The principle Of
the former country. inherited from
barbarous times, then largely pre-
vailed throughout the earth. The
principle OF the latter land. spring
ing from human aspirations for in
dividual freedom, though then
novelty. has now "A world wide rec
ognition and almost universal apph-
cation. II Is noteworthy. TOO. that Ia
this goth century, these two nations,
born In the 18th, are the leading
com batants IN the most terrible war
Il. history. whose issue VIII deter
mine whether government OF the
people. by the people, and for the
people shall perish from the earth.
or shall prevail throughout all ma
tons
The contrast between the two na-
tons was wildly apparent TO Francis
Dana, our minister 10 Russia, who
passed through Berlin in 1880 He
said: The so-called laws Of Prussia
are simply the arbitrary and capri
cious regulations OF as complete q
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

Just received a new
shipment of Hosiery,
priced from Csc to $1.5O
pair.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

ed by the Hohenzollerns. has held
tight over the German people. But
sel1-respecting. intelligent men and
women may ask whether this semi
se-vitude is not too high price to
pa even for such efficiency.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19
Buy u. S.
Government
Bonds

Be a Live not a Silent
partner. IF you cannot
put yourself into it with a
bayonet, get into it heart
and soul with u. S. Gov
eminent Liberty Bonds.
If you cannot lend your
lives, lend your money.
Don't wait, do it now.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

Buy Underwear Here
These Prices Make it Pay
Women's Fleeced Union Suits, with
high neck and long sleeves, Dutch neck
and elbow sleeves, and low neck and
sleeveless, in all sizes. Special suit, 75c,
p1.OO anu PA'~O
Women's Fleeced Union Suits, Dutch
neck and elbow sleeves, and low neck and
sleeveless. Special suit ........ $3.50
Women's light weight Wool Union
Suits, in the three styles mentioned above.
Special suit ...... .$1.98 and $3.50
Women's Silk and Wool Union Suits,
in three styles. Special suit 80. $3.50
Misses Fleeced Union Suits -. sec
Women's Fleeced Vests 25c-Women'S
Fleeced Vests in all styles and sizes Acc
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-19

New Millinery
Worth While Savings
Women who are looking
for moderate priced millin-
cry will find that our aSsort-
mentS hold many beautiful
surprises in up-to-date and
Stunningly trimmed hats.
New York Pattern Hats
Special at $500, $3.50 and
$8.45.
In Satin Celiel, Pushes
and VelyetS in the very
newest styles and colorings.
Newest Trimmed Hats
Made in our own workroom
Specially priced from So
to $4.95.
Iditarod pioneer., 1917-12-29
LORD JELLIC0E
 LOSES HIS JOB

London, Dec. 27. - Admiral Weymiss has been appointed first sea lord of the::British navy, sue ceeding Sir John Jellicoe, who has long been under criticism be- cause of the impunity with which the Germans have carried on their North sea raids.
 German Socialists Jailed
 A dispatch from Zurich states that 300 German Socialists were jailed in Berlin on Christmas eve.
 National Prayer Day
 King George has set January 6 As . day of national prayer for allied peace.
Iditarod pioneer., 1917-12-29
PRESIDENTS CABINET IS
 WELL REPRESENTED

In response to several inquiries tho following information is given concern ing cabinet members sons who are serving with the Army and Navy:
 William G. McAdoo, jr., son of tho Secretary of tho Treasury, is under training in the Aviation Section in the Naval Reserve, and . second son, Robert H., has also enlisted in the Naval Reserve.
 Josephus Daniels, jr., son of the Sec rotary of tho Navy, is . private in the United States Marine Corps.
 Frsnklin K. Lane, jr., son of the Secretary of tho Interior, is first lieu tenant in the Signal Corps, under training to become an aviator.
 David Franklin Houston,, jr.. son o1 the Secretary of Agriculture is an ensign in tho Navy.
 Humphrey F. Redfsld, son ct the Secretary of Commerce, Is an ensign 'n tho Navy.
 William B. Wilson. jr., son ot the Secretary of Labor, is attending ono o1 the oficsrs' training camps. Another son, Joseph B., is second lieutenant in the National Army, and third son. James H.. is corporal of Field Artillsry.-Oncial Bulletin.
Iditarod pioneer., 1917-12-29
Old Santa at AtweIi Home

On last MoRday evening Santa Claus got into town before anybody was expecting the jolly old fellow, and before the little folks, who were on . sharp watchout for his sled, realized that he was here he had taken charge of beautiful Christmas tree st the homo of Captain Cy Atwell, and was making merry at trsnendious rate. Little Beatrice Atwell wasn't slow in getting nearly all her schoolnates there to enjoy the fun, and the lavish hand with which Santa distributed presents among that group of young- sters was most pleasing sight.