davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-05-06

and the like. This division will send a
selected official to each department
headquarters 10 act as an aid for trans
portation. 1t will also send a suitable
man to each mobilization and concen-
tration camp and to every strategic
point at which trains or boats may be
used to convey troops or military ma
teria1.
.These old railroaders will assist the
camp auartermaSters at these points
and will supply the technical knowledge
which comes only from experience. They
will have charge of the operating end
while the quartermaster will have all
that he can do to keep up his end Of the
supply and accounting. The railroad
officials at headquarters will keep them
selves informed Of the movement. mum,
bers of troops and supplies to be moved
and will in turn notify the railroad
managers SO that they will be able to
provide the cars in sufficient numbers
and of the right sort.
The Railway Association has estab-
lished central bureau to keep track
of all railway equipment needed and OF
all rolling stock available. 1t will ex-
pedite empties. prevent congestion and
smooth out complications.
The moving of troops involves many
details. Railroads must provide coaches
if the distance is to be covered in a day,
and two double seats for every three
men; and. if by night. tourist cars, with
three men in two sections. In Germany
they are packing forty-eight men into
a box car and ordering them to look out
for themselves.
I'm addition to moving the soldiers,
the railways must provide kitchen cars
with stoves baggage cars to carry food,
baggage cars to carry equipment and
kindred supplies, animals cars and box
cars for the horses and mules, fiat cars
for the artillery and vehicles of all
kinds, cars for forage and for every
other need of men or cattle.
Every freight car consigned to the
army will bear one of eight cards, each
of different color. for the medical.
signal. engineer and ordnance. and four
coors for the Quartermaster Corps.
Each card names several things-the
consignee. route, car number, contents.
destination and consignor. This card
serves as a bill of ladng. and the car
must go through without delay or di-
version.
ANY car thus marked has right of
way over all non-military freight. II
:, car breaks down on the route il is
taken to the nearest shop, where 1t
has the same preference over all other
cars for repairs. 1t is fixed up as
Evening star., 1917-05-06

leading shipbuilders of Glasgow In
1898. in this country, he became a
shipowner. and engaged in the West
Indian fruit trade. He has since formed
a steamship company which bears his
name.
Mr.. White, the oldest member of the
board, is a well known lumberman of
Kansas City, Mo, and has gained wide
knowledge of the transportation prob
lem through his experience as an ex-
porter. His extensive business training
and active career in the business woF@d
equip him for service on the board. He
has been actively identified with the
movement for the conservation of this
country's resources, having served as
a member of the forestry department OF
the commission of conservation of nat.
ural resources. and further as a meni-
ber of the state board of forestry OF
Missouri. as a delegate to the first ma
tional conservation congress of 1909,
and as a delegate to the southern con-
servation congress of the same year.
He is a native of New York state.
Mr.. Stevens has been a member Of
the Sixty-third Congress from New
Hampshire. and was recently special
counsel to the federal trade commits
sion. He is a native of New York. and
a graduate of the Harvard Law School.
Evening star., 1917-05-06

ficient in coal supplies. Every pro-
spective coal field has been thoroughly
studied, but still there is no indica-
tion that there is coal enough in the
borders of France for her own use.
She is dependent on England and Bel
gium and Germany. and in late years
also has looked to the United States
as a source of supply
Realization of this deficiency in coal
has caused many French economists
to insist that there can be no perma-
nent peace settlement that does not
assure France the possession OF suf-
ficient coal deposits to meet the needs
of her industries. This, of course.
means the possession of some of the
German coal territory.
Frances geological misfortune has
been accentuated by Germany's geo.
logical good fortune. The German En-
pire possesses about all the coal of
Europe outside of the United Kingdom.
Russia's coal deposits are a trifie COM
Evening star., 1917-05-06

American tonnage engaged in foreign
trade, the shipping board in this. its
first big enterprise. is proving itself
of incalculable benefit. 1t is carrying
out, in original fashion. the provision
of the shipping bill, which gives it
power to "have constructed and equip
ped, with the approval of the President.
or to purchase. lease or charter. vessels
suitable for use as naval auxiliaries or
army transports. or for other naval or
military purposes.
In forming the corporation for the
construction of the wooden fleet the
board obtains its authority from sec
ton II of the bill, which says: THE
board may form. under the laws of the
District of Columbia, one or more cor
porations for the purchase, construc-
ton, equipment, lease, charter. main
tenance and operation of merchant
vessels in the commerce of the United
States.
The membership of the board respon-
sible for this important suggestion in
cludes William Denman of San Fran
cisco, chairman: Theodore Brent of
New Orleans. vice chairman; John A.
Donald of New York city. James y.
White of Kansas City and Raymond B.
stevens of New Hampshire. Mr.. Dem
man is lawyer of extensive practice
Evening star., 1917-05-06

of the shipping board to ascertain the
amount of lumber that is available
from the Pacific coast for ready use.
The two main sources of lumber will
be the fir of the west and the yellow
or hard pine of the south. The ship
yards of both coasts, on the gulf and
great lakes have beefi called upon to
state their capacity for turning out
vessels at a maximum speed The fleet,
therefore, is becoming a reality as fast
as hands and minds can make it so.
Fortunately, for many months past,
there has been a remarkable revival of
wooden shipbuilding in this country.
The bureau of navigation, on March 3.
reported that the official number of
wooden vessels to be launched in
February. 1917, on the Atlantic and
gulf coasts numbered thirty-two, and
on the Pacific coast thirty-three. In
wooden shipbuilding the Pacific coast
holds decided lead in point of tonnage,
though the east leads in numbers
Eliminating everything under 500 tons
gross. the registered wooden tonnage
under contract on January !, 1917. for
the east and gulf coasts was ninety
seven vessels. with tonnage of
] 90 $50, and on the Pacific coast sixty
four vessels. with a tonnage of l01,2SS.
These are especially interesting
figures in view of the fact that for
long period subsequent to the develop
Evening star., 1917-05-06

or if part of them, could return to
their old employment. Though moth
ing has been said about it, 100000
American soldiers on French soil and
fighting for France might enable
numerous French industries in the ter
ritory abandoned by the Germans to
revive without waiting for the close
of the war.
Some Of the French writers are dis
cussing this as an incident TO the
broader question of the industrial in
demnity which should be demanded of
Germany in any peace settlement. They
do not forget that after Sedan. Ger
many, in insisting on the annexation
of Alsace-Lorraine. acquired a consid-
cradle share of Frances iron ore re
sources. although the full value of the
Lorraine deposits was not then known.
The Lorraine district has contributed
about one-fourth of the iron ore which
has been utilized in the German iron
and steel industries. The French not
Evening star., 1917-05-06
The Germans.
a CONGRESSMAN said at a Wash.
~ inpton reception.

A CONGRESSMAN said at WASH
~ ington reception: .-.
.cThe Germans can't be fair. What
ever they do is right-yes. If they sink
a Lusitania it's right. Whatever We
do is wrong-yes. for US to sell boots
TO France is simply heinous. -.
."The Germans remind me of an anec.
dote.
Look said an old lady. angrily-
look at that drunken brute raising p
rumpus on the other side OF the street.
Where are the policeg
"'Oh, mamma said the old ladys
bursting into tears. that Is
brother Jim.'
! THE old lady stamped her foot.
1.-THE .saloonkeepers.' she said. have
been drugging that poor. defenseiess
child again."
Evening star., 1917-05-06

only want Alsace-Lorraine back for
sentimental reasons, but for the very
practical one of the repossession Of the
ore fields They also want the Thion-
willie iron deposits as a permanent and
secured asset. Newspaper readers VINO
follow the military maps VIII see from
a glance at Thionville its strategic I'M
portance industrially as well as in the
military sense.
The continued possession of the
Meurthe and Moselle districts IS abso,
lutely essential to French industrlai
life. The necessity of holding IT is
one of the economic reasons why
France has fought so valiantly against
Germany Discoveries during recent
wears have shown that the Meurthe-
Moselle region is an industrial reserve
that in itself is a guarantee of national
life.
The iron ore fields are an inestimable
asset to France, but their full value
only can be utilized through the GER
tainty of obtaining coal. France is de-
Evening star., 1917-05-06

other ways to secure the best co-opera-
tion and harmony of action in the
work. which must not be permitted to
falter or break. for every weakness in
transportation means loss of national
war efficiency.
incidentally it may be seen that the
transportation systems should not be
weakened by a misdirected patriotic
rush on the part of railroad men to
Join the colors. as they are rendering
much more valuable service in keeping
the lines at 100 per cent efficiency.
Evening star., 1917-05-06

The French economists are some what
more pronounced than the military
leaders on this point of extending the
frontier. possibly because they under
stand more fully than the soldier class
the industrial meaning of the posses
sion OF coal and iron. They argue that
the transfer of Germanys mineral
wealth is essential TO the future peace
of Europe. .
AS a part of the program, they would
not stop with the coal and iron de-
posits in the Rhine region. They wouid
also have Germany yield Silesia, on
the eastern frontier. and thus dlspos-
sess Prussia of the mineral resources
of that section. The plan is that Slle-
sia shall be annexed to Bohemia and
new kingdom thus created rms
scheme, of course. Involves the us
memberment of Austria on racial
rather than geographical lines since
the new kingdom of Bohemia would be
that of the Czechs. This scheme docs
not call for immediate consideratltoi'.- on
The plan to rectify the western from
tier of Germany along the coal and IRON
line does receive present conAdera-
ton It was not discussed opehly a.
the economic conference of the aliics
in Paris in the midsummer or l3io' al
though some hints We're given thar the
subject received consideration IN con-
nection with the war after me war
plans. 1t was Inen pointeu out '""',
while Germany might be boycotted. and
while she might be denied raw mate--
rials, she herself had raw materials
some of which would be needed oy Tue
allied countries.
coal was one of these raw materials.
and its Importance to the French IRON
and steel industries was not overlooked.
because il the allied countries were
denying her their raw proGucls,
MANY could easily limit French in
dustrial activity by refusing coal.
This aspect of the economic situation
is likely to receive further attention.
but for the present II Is opscurea "
tbe imnortance to the French OF re-
gaining the industrial resources WHICH
the abandonment of their territory ny
Hindenburg's armies has made possible.
Evening star., 1917-05-06
The Constitutional.

S6I EFT us call things by their right
A Names" said a speaker in a tenn
perance address in Miami.
"One lady said to another:
my husband goes out every even
ing after supper for a constitutional
Does yours?
"'No,' said the other lady. He al
ways keeps it in the house."
Evening star., 1917-05-06


OO of the Quartermaster Corps
of the army is not wor-
q rying over the present sit
uation. as far as its own work is con-
verned." said Col. Chauncey B. Baker.
who has charge of all such matters
for the army, both on land and sea.
I'VE knew very well that if trouble
came it would come with a rush. so
four years ago we began to get ready
for 1t, and. so far as our organization
goes. all we have to do is to expand
and we are prepared for that along the
broadest lines.
I'VE realize that we are in for the
biggest jobs that the railroads and
waterways of the country have ever
armies and supplies for them. and that
this must be done without cutting off
the resources of the navy, the raw ma
terial for munition plants. the food and
munitions for the allies, as well as the
food and commercial needs of the whole
country.
"The closer study the division made
OF this problem, the greater the diff
culties seemed and the clearer became
the need of the closest cooperation
between the railroads and the Quarter
master Corps
THE division began it's work by
seeking a careful investigation of the
main lines of the country. and secured
in this work the hearty assistance of
the railroad managers. 1t now holds
definite information of the capacity of
every railroad and water transportation
company in the United States to carry
men and freight. 1t knows as well as
the companies their resources in cars,
engines. switches. trackage and men.
The statistics thus gathered seemed
quite dry and uninteresting, but we
very we'll knew that they would
become vitalized as soon as the emer
gency arose. and under the supervision
of Robert E Shannon. our transpOrta-
tion clerk. they are ready for immedi-
ate use.
The railroads have been acting in
their dealings with us through the
American Railway Association. a body
composed of representatives of all the
lines of the country for adjusting all
questions that may arise between them
Evening star., 1917-05-06


The argument in favor of this wooden
fleet, as set forth by members of the
shipping board, is that it's size will
assure it's success. The problem is
purely one in simple arithmetic. If
very large number of vessels are sent
out to dash through the blockade line,
it is safe to say that there will not be
an equal numbersof submarines to meet
them. Some will necessarily escape the
torpedoes. and every one that arrives
on the other side will relieve the situa-
tion that much more. Though they
will be armed for offense and defense,
and manned by American sailors and
gunners. their main purpose will be to
arrive safely in English and French
ports with their cargoes. By means of
this fleet, Great Britain and her allies
can draw from the United States the
supplies necessary to provide for her
people and her armies. and it is be-
1ieved that these ships can supply tom
mage faster than submarines can de-
stroy it.
After the present abnormal era in
maritime transportation, the ships will
be sold. There will be a market for
them, assures Mr.. Brent. That they
pay for themselves now by breaking
the blockade is the chief concern, how
ever.
In supplementing the inadequacy of
Evening star., 1917-05-06

convenient supply of fuel. with the fa-
cilities Of transportation for ores. that
has made this district the center Of the
German iron and steel industry. Tho
fuel supplies are actually at the doors
of the blast furnaces.
The Rhine furnishes the easy means
of transportation for the iron ore from
Sweden and Spain, which supplements
that which is obtained in Germany 1T
self and in Luxembourg and across the
French frontier.
Dortmund is the industrial center OF
this district. 1t is the Pittsburgh of
Prussia in the variety of its iron and
steel products, all due to the conven-
fence of assembling the raw materials.
Dusseldorf, on the Rhine. IS the seat
of the more highly finished steel prod
ucts, and is essentially the center Of
the metals industry. 1t is also the ad-
ministrative home of the various iron
and steel syndicates.
Since the discussion OF the lack or
coal resources in France was begun.
and since the prospect of peace on the
terms of the entente allies has i'm
proved, the movement to demand some-
thing more than the restoration OF
Alsac Lorraine has gathered force.
Geographically the demand does not
seem extravagant, for ii is simply to
advance the French frontier six miles
beyond the frontier of 1870. which was
"rectified' for Germany's advantage by
the terms she imposed on France after
Sedan. In the broader sense, the move
ment leads to the old idea of making
the Rhine the boundary between France
and Germany.
Evening star., 1917-05-06
HH@Nl@ElINNEIH@@EEEG EEEGlG9IG9GIEgElT9E1EEE

last summer in sending men and sup
plies to the border. and many things
then learned in the hard school of ex-
perience give now hundred fold re-
turn.
The council of national defense, of
which the Secretary of War is a mem
Der. through its transportation com
mittee under Chairman David Willard
of the Baltimore and Ohio railway, has
been working along the same lines in
supplying data and also assisting in
Evening star., 1917-05-06

-
IN ships or more. to be assem-
A\ bled at the rate of sixty per
q x month. will be the means of
this governments mightiest strike
against the central allies. The newly
created federal shipping board deserves
the credit for originating and pushing
this plan to break Germany's subma-
rine blockade.
Months before the Presidents war
message was read to Congress the
members of the shipping board fore
saw the urgent need of protecting the
United States by aiding Great Britain
and her allies with as numerous ship
ments of food and ammunition as could
be delivered. Every one who feared
dominating Prussian militarism knew
that Americas safety from Hohenzol-
lern autocracy lay in furnishing sup
plies to it's opposers.
With the entrance of the United
States into the war the situation re-
mains the same. 1t is altered in only
one respect-the work of building this
wooden fleet must be accelerated to the
highest possible speed. that cargoes
may be sent Immediately across the
Atlantic as Uncle sam s nrSt cOntrlpu-
tion to the war.
II is said that the purpose of
United States army in Europe at first
will be to sustain the morale of the
fighting forces, the purpose of the
United States Navy ito protect Ameri
can shores, but the purpose of the
wooden fleet will be to bring life it
self into the midst of the fighting
countries. To continue the war the
people must have food and the armies
ammunition. Upon the wooden fleet of
Uncle Sam will fall the mighty task of
supplies to England. France. Italy and
Russia. This is great task to ac-
complish under the watchful eye of
menacing submarines.
The wooden fleet has President Will
sons approval. At the head of the cor
country's shipbuilding forces is Maj.
Gen. George Washington Goethals, the
builder of the Panama canal. This cor
poration has already completed an eN-
tensive preliminary investigation of
wooden vessels that are best suited for
service in the emergency fleet. 1t has
called in the assistance of the employ
ment service of the Department of La
Dor to aid it in nationwide campaign
10 locate every available ship carpen-
ter. In addition to an estimated num-
ber of 10000 ship carpenters, other
workers, such as wooden bridge build
erS and carpenters who have had eX-
perience in framing heavy timbers will
be sought and trained for shipbuildng.
ing.
The lumber regions of the west have
been visited by Vice Chairman Brent
Evening star., 1917-05-06

HHE1H HE transportation division
OO of the Quartermaster Corps
of the army is not wor-
r1-;pp 1uor fba nraSan> eli
Evening star., 1917-05-06
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.

HE French coal and iron line is
one of the gains resulting from
the allies smashing Hinder
h,rr,s 1;nac opa of tho
Evening star., 1917-05-06
Great Fleet of Wooden Ships to Rum the Blockade

their designs, the chief desideratum is
to get the preliminary fleet afloat for
immediate service to the allies. I'm
provements and Standardization of de-
sign will inevitably follow as the out
put increases.
Evening star., 1917-05-06

a WOODEN feet of thousand
h\ ships or more. to be assem-
A\ bled at the rate of sixty per
q = month. will be the means OF
Evening star., 1917-05-06
Government and Railroads Join Hands to Move Troops

roads have volunteered to take charge
of all laden cars that are
sent to the shops and to see that they
are handled in the most expeditions
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-11-13
CEREMONIAL Of
SHRINE At ORAK

Thirty-three lively candidates who
became more and more docile az the
evening passed. last evening entered
the mystic land of Shrinedom at the
fan ceremonial Of Orak Temple which
was attended by iTustrious shriners
from far and near
Imperial Potentate Charles Overshire.
Deputy Imperial Potentate L. J. Jacoby
and party. together with Potentate
Acors Rathhun Of Medinah Temple.
Chicago. and number Of members.
We're among those present from out
of town.
The dram ana bugIe corps. shriners
and candidates. paraded tho streets at
4 o.c.eck in the afternoon. The parade
was followed by a business session and
al o'clock the imperiol session began.
An elaborate now setting of oriental
rugs and draperies was displayed on
the stage. The imperial potentate was
presented with a porch couch. DR.. H. Z.
Sharrer raised 1915 for the Y NJ. C. A.
war work
The imperial potentate has gone to
Kansas City for a ceremonial there.
Among those present was Bes Car
ber of Medinah temple. formerly en-
ployed at the STANDARD steel Car plant
in Hammond.
A great deal Of credit belongs to
Potentate George Locklin for the sue
cess Of the ceremonial