davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1917-05-08
Paragraphs 1914 to 23s

made that they would be available fov
purposes OF civilian relief in great disas-
base hospitals are purely military units.
organized At the request OF the Medical
departments OF the Army and Nayy. ana
equipped with view to the needs OF the
military services only. In both organiza-
ton and equipment they are too massive
and too immobile for civilian relief work
The muster-in pledge contemplates ONLY
national service. when called into the
military services OF the United States:
and IL has been decided by the Judge IA.
yocate General OF the Army that the law
does not authorize the calling out Of these
units by the President except in time Of
var OF when war is imminent. 1t can be
veil imagined. however. that in time of
great national disaster, such as an Garth
quake, which involved injuries to large
numbers OF people. the stan Of a base
hospital unit might volunteer as individ-
tals, and the American Red Cross would
rot hesitate to use the blankets, surgical
dressings. and such other parts of a base
hospital equipment as might be suitable
'or irsi-aid work to relieve an emer-
rency. These supplies would, however. be
regarded as loan, and would be prompt
lr replaced. II possible. from funds con-
,rlhuted 10 relieve the disaster There
Would be no calling out of the unit as a
INIT under these circumstances and no
.or puision on any member of 1t to VOL
rnteeT.
lc In response to an inquiry as to
whether oiHcerS oi army tHltS would De
required TO take the correspondence
curse and attend camps of instruction
for . days each year, the Acting Sur
econ General, l.. s. Army, has replied
Ma u would be the policy of that office
not 80 order members of the staff of a
vase hospital to take correspondence
CURSES and attend camps OF instruction
'hcy apply 20 be excused therefrom.
1874. EauipInent-l9 The equipment
pr Red Cross units purchased by Red
ross chapters or by patriotic individ-
i.s's should conform to the standard
regulation Medical Department equipment
l,re-, bed h. the Government. Theoreti-
f.f.v ~ is undoubtedly the duty of the
Gorerument 70 furnish this equipment;
1Di IN fact. II has never been done in time
- peace. and after war has begun the
equipment promptly and of sufficient
alautjt, and quality are almost insuper-
Fl. Great delays are inevitable. in the
equipment OF every department of large
ARMIES aud uavies during war
Tic most logical and well founded theo-
tsg 10 not equip hospitals or relieve the
.4Terings Of wounded men. Therefore,
4UtI the Departments concerned obtain
from Congress sufficient appropriations to
.u,Imulate the equipment of base hosp-
t,lS in time OF peace. and provide the at
present much needed storehouses for such
Compliment. IL will be n necessity for Red
cross units to be equipped by private
bone. olenCe If they desire to be ready to
rc1cYc tho sufferings of our soldiers and
sA.lurs when the calamity of war comes.
!. r. KEAN,
colonel. Medical Corps. L. S. A..
Director General of Military Relief.
T, w. RICHARDS.
Surgeon. L. S. Navy.
Naval Representative.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1917-05-08
AMERICAN RED CROSS
Organization Of Committees for De-
velopment Of Red Cross instruction
A r c IA

2o2. In 0ensral-For some years the
American Red Cross has carried on edu-
cationaI work with the intention of i'm
nrov,ne the efficiency of the people IN
time OF war. civil disaster. or emergency
in their homes. -,
II is hoped that Chapters VIII give
snacial attention to the four courses of
Instruction which may be organized
through Chapters.
These courses will be as follows:
First Aid Cor women and men-lo
lessons).
Elementary Hygiene and Home Care
of the Sick (for Women-15 lessons),
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1917-05-08

of Forestry
During the past seven years REPRESENTATIVES
tire United States the total travel anompt; ~, :
10 more than $4,000 miles During that Tina
upwards OF $4,000 persons have received in,
auspices on the railroads Of the country eions
Two cars. in charge Of physicians beIon Gin 9
70 the DIVISION each specially fitted up with a
IN constant operation over the railroads Of the
country, usually one on lines East of the Mis-
ssissippi and the other on systems West Of tia,
Aha Tor iw VOL, hddtional physicians are avail:
certain industrial concerns. frequently The
physicians Of the staff are loaned, under mu.
panies and electrical manufactories, mines,
concerns for the purpose Of inst r their
employees edpn in first aid to the injured snd ac-
funds become available other physicians will
be added to the staff Of the Division.
the cities OF the Coast, Great Lakes. and riv.
eers Of the country was inaugurated by the
Division ,sd non on February ]. 1914 This branch
is known as the American Red Cross Life Saw.
ing Corps. An expert life saver is, therefore.
on the staff. of the Division and acts as in n,
have been started. of which As have com
piled with all the regulations and have been
life saving corps to date is i.165. inform ma
ton regarding the organization of local life
saving corps the granting of charters. and
which will be mailed upon application.
In June. 1915. first aid instruction was be-
gun among men working in the lumber indus
try in the State Of Washington.
Since then this work has been extended to
lumbermen in the States Of Oregon, Idaho.
Montana and California and both eastern and
western Washington have been covered
During the year 1915 two of the physicians
on the staff Of the First Aid Division confined
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1917-05-08

8. No candidate who has failed to pass an
examination shall be eligible for another ex-
animation until another full course of in
struction shall have been taken.
223. Advanced Course and Medal
/. Students who desire to continue the study
of first aid after the first or primary course may
do so and take an advanced examination any
time after the expiration of six months from
date of obtaining their certificate. The ser
vices OF physician should be obtained to give
the instruction, although in exceptional cases
home study will be accepted.
2. 1t is recommended that the same in
structor and examiner who oficiated for the
first course be obtained to conduct the instruc-
ton and examination for the advanced course.
If this is not practicable both the instructor
and examiner must be authorized, following the
method used for primary classes. Arrange
ments regarding fees, if any. of the instructor
and examiner. must be made with them by
those taking the advanced course
8. The same text book studied for the GER
tifcate course is used for the advanced course.
and rs the examination is restricted to prac-
tcal work, students should become proficient
In the treatment of fractures, dislocatons,
wounds, hemorrhages, and in performing arti-
fetal respiration.
4. The course should consist Of at least
FIVE lectures and demon STATIONS of an hour
and half each. Instructors should require
the students to study chapters of the book as
indicated above and should limit their in.
struction to actual practical demonstrations,
making each pupil repeat the work after them
any edition of the American Red Cross text
book on First Aid may be studied in prepare
ton therefor.
6. The fee for the advanced examination
and medal is 81 90. which should be forwarded
with the examiners report.
7. Students who successfully pass the ad.
vAnced course examin alton will be awarded q
Red Cross bronze medal, to which metal bars,
with year Of passing engraved on them, may
be added for subsequent study and examina-
ton. These other examinations are also
restricted to, practical work only The
number of bars that may be added to
the medal is limited to three. 1t is felt
that by the time students have medals and
three bars, they will have become competent
to cope with almost any ordinary injury.
g. Charg. for subsequent bars and the
engraving WI be 50 cents each
224. chaDesrs and 1hsar Relation to
tho F1xsT Ala Div1sio1-The attention
Of the officers Of all Red Cross chapters is in
vited to A X G circular 144, which describes
the organization of committees for the devel-
opment of Red Cross instruction in chapters
On page two Of that circular the composition
Of First Aid Committee is carefully explain
ed. When q chapter. prefers to have one
general committee handle al Red Cross in.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
OLD JOHN BARLEYCORN'S
BEST DAYS ARE OVER

Atlantah Gas December Sold
John Barleycorn is now tramp on
the public highway, hopeless1y beaten
and ready to surrender to the prohi-
bition forces, according to Wayne B.
Wheeler, general counsel for the An
ti-Saloon League of America. who
passed through Atlanta yesterday on
his way from Louisiana to Columbia,
). g., and conferred while here with
James A. Christian superintendent of
the Georgia Anti-Saloon League, CON
corning plans for the great congress
ional drive for the passage of the
prohibition amendment to the federal
constitution.
The amendment has already passed
the senate and will come before the
house at the session just commencing.
The prohibition forces throughout
the country have been conducting
vigorous campaign for several weeks
to build up sentiment in the states
for the passage of the amendment in
the house. While it passes there and
is approved by the President, it goes
to the legislatures fthe various
states for their ratification or reject
ion.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
HOLD MONTHLY
INSTITUTE

The rural school teachers were in
session last Saturday, the second
monthly institute of the year. In the
absence of Superintendent Ricketson.
who was scheduled for talk on
FEycology," Prof. Henderson, of
Lynnwood school very successfully
handled his subject. Mrs. r. +. Lee
gave an extensive talk on school dis
clip, lie and how to keep the little
ones busy, a matter which taxes the
patience of the average rural techer,
where several grades are looked after
in the same room. Mrs. Lee also en-
listed the teachers in the Red Cross
work and has their assurance of CO.
operating with the Ben Hill chapter.
The teachers will endeavor to organ
ize their districts for the work and
will begin to have shipper work done
by the pupils during spare time. Miss
Mae Shaffer filled period on prac-
teal school methods, splcndidly IL
Illustrating the value of home prepa-
ration by the teacher With the limit
cd facilities and the more limited
cooperation Of the patrons of these
rural schools, the teachers are to be
commended on the good work they
are doing, despite their many handi-
CAPS
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
Something New Under Sun.

Claiming that it holds fish more Sc
curely than the usual type of hook,
Norwegian has patented fishhook
with the barb at one side of instead
of inside the point.
Hoping some day to produce a per-
feet human race, an Englishman has
as a nucleus six childrenof as many
nationalities and will add five more to
his colony.
For protecting fruit trees from frost
an inventor has patented n tent to be
placed under them and diffuse through
them the heat from a lamp inside the
tent.
An iceless refrigerator has been in
vented for automobile tourists or
campers, the food container being sur
rounded by water bag that is kept
cool by evaporation.
Time is signaled to vessels in the
harbOr of Lisbon by two lights which
are automatically Illuminated five min.
utes before each hour and extinguish.
ed at the hour
The use of plant growing locally
for roof covering by farmer in Ger
many led to the discovery that it pro-
duces fiber that is a fair substitute
for jute and hemp.
A recently patented chair the back
of which can be adjusted at several
angles contains a shoe shining outfit
in its base and can be converted into
a typewriter table.
The invention of machine to grind
sea sand, too smooth to be of use in
its raw state, has enabled great guam
tiles of it to he utilized In brick man
ufacture in Virginia.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
NOTHING SHORT ABOUT
SHORTY'S RUNNING ABILITY

Atlanta, Ga, December 3.-The
next time they hold a Marathon race
anywhere, if the war ever ends and
people go back to Olympian games,
they will overlook a bet if they don't
send for a negro trusty in a Fulton
county convict camp whose name is
Shorty. He may be recorded some
what differently on the books of the
county but Shorty is the name he
goes by in camp.
The warden decided to give his
bloodhounds a race to keep them in
training. He picked out Shorty to
make the trail and set the pace, giving
him an hours start. He put another
trusty on horseback to follow the
bloodhounds and keep them from
chewing Shorty to pieces in case
they should catch him.
Three hours after Shorty started,
the bloodhounds freed him in a big
oak tree exactly "a miles from the
convict camp, and he wasn't the least
bit winded
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
Over 1000 Languages Now;
May Be Only Four Century
Hence, Authorities Think

If you are asked how many Ian.
guageS there are in the world, can
you give anything like an accurate
answer? The average persons knowl-
edge or ability to speak languages
rarely exceeds two besides his native
tongue. The late Emperor Francis
Joseph, when visiting a Red Cross hos
pltal, spoke with the patients in their
own languages, which showed that the
aged emperor was master of six.
1t may appear strange, but it is
nevertheless true, says an exchange,
that there are over 1000 languages
spoken by mankind, while the number
of dialects exceeds this. There are
more than 60 vocabularies in Brazil,
and in Mexico the Nahua is broken I'D
into some 100 dialects. There are hun
dreds in BOrneo, while in Australia
there Is no classifying the complexi-
ties. Assuming that so dialects, on
an average, belong to each language,
gives the colossal total of a quarter
of a million linguistic abilities.
Some authorities think that a CEN
fury hence there will be only four Ian
guages of Importance in the world.
Central Europe may produce a newer
and more straightforward German Ian
guage, imperial English may reign
alone over the North American contf-
nent, and a more busnesslike Spanish
will be used in South American states,
while Russian may take on some more
rich SlavOnic dialect, which will blend
the races of eastern Europe and cen.
trail Asia into a harmonious fedora
ton. So that in the future these four
languages will enter into what may be
a never-ending competition.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
GERMANS HAM,
MERING BRITISH
AROUND CAMBRA|

London, Dec. 1.-The Germans
made desperate Forts yesterday to
increase the initial cams achieved in
their counter attack Oh the Cambria
front, and were defeated with heavy
losses. Today's Official communica-
ton reports that nine sepa - at
tacks were made on the British 20
sitions near Masnieres, south of Can
brai.
The statement follows:
I'm the course of the fighting yes
tcrday in the neighborhood of Mas
nieres the enemy delivered no less
than nine separate attacks upon our
positions in and around the village.
All were beaten off with heavy losses
to the enemy In the last attack de-
tachments of German infantry sue
ceeded in gaining in foothold in the
adjoining village of Les Pues Vertes,
on the west bank of the canal de Les
caut, but were driven out by our
counter attacks. Hostile raiding
parties were repulsed during the night
in the neighborhood of Avion and
south of Armentieres. We secured
a few prisoners. -
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
BOARD OF EDUCATION MET
SATURDAY; FREE SCHOOLS
FOR FITZGERALD ASSURED

The Board of Education held call
ed meeting Saturday night at the
High School building, with President
J. +. Turner, Secretary L. s. Osborne,
Treasurer Harold Beall and C. l..
Fretwell. ]. c. Glover and Mayor
Drew w. Paulk, ex-officio member of
the board, in attendance. Supt ]. F.
Ricketson and Prof. Brooks also at
tended. The object of the meeting
seed to have been generally under
stood by the board members. as no
minutes of previous meetings were
Forthcoming and no detailed state
ment from the President as to the
particular business on hand unusual
under the circumstances.
Treasurer Beall,:: from memoran-
dunn, read the approximate funds in
sight, more than cooperating the es-
innate printed in the Leader Enter
prise and fully justifying our conten-
ton that the board had ample funds
provided for by the city and state to
carry on its legitimate functions, if
properly handled. An apparent de-
ficit of $689.40 for the year was re-
ported, after deducting possible
shortage on taxes of 100000, for
which the. law, however, makes pro-
vision
Mayor Paulk was asked by Presi-
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
ATLANTA SHORT OF FUEL

Atlanta, Ca, Dec. Henry p.
Kennedy, fael administrator for the
city of Atlanta, and committee of
Atlanta coal dealers and prominent
business men left today for Washing
ton to appear before the Fuel Ad-
ministration in support of Atlanta
requisition for coal to supply domes-
tic consumers.
The city today is almost bare of
domestic coal, except in the bankers
of the rich and the well-to-do, who
bought it in the summer regardless of
price and who are not worried by the
cold weather. But small consumers,
who buy in smaller quantities, have
not laid in their winters supply, and
the city is on the verge of acute suf-
fering
United States Senator Hoke Smith,
OF Georgia, in response to appeals
sent to him, advised Administrator
Kennedy to com etc Washington
armed with all the facts and stay
there until he secured an order di-
recting coal to be shipped into At
lanta, and then stay until the coal had
actually arrived
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
FOOD CONTROL NOW
SAVING GEORG|ANs
S7,5OO,OOO YEARLY

Atlanta, Ga, Dec. 3-(Special)-
Some very illuminating figures have
been compiled by the executive Of
tice of tn eFederal Food Administra
tor for Georgia, Dr. A. M. SouIe-
showing that food control has saved
to the consumer in Georgia alone, on
one commodity only, more than thre..
times as much as the entire United
States Food Administration is cost
ing the government by congressional
appropriation.
These figures show that, while this
saving has accrued to the families of
the state, the farmer has made $780,
0O0 more for his product out of the
same article than he made before this
one article was taken under the food
control regulations.
When flour was selling at retail in
Georgia for $1,000 per barrel the
price of raw wheat was $104 per bn-
shell. Under government regulations
flour has been brought to $l3 per bar
rel, a saving of $3.50 per barrel to the
consumer and the price of wheat is
fixed one of $3.50 per bushel.
Figures compiled by the govern
ment show there are 625000 families
OF the accepted average of 5 to each
family in Georgia. The average con
sumption of flour per family is four
barrels per annum, or a total of g.
100000 barrels of -four in Georgia
each year The reduction in the price
OF Hour to the consumer of $3.50 per
barrel on four barrels a year to ca. b
of the 625,000 families in this state
runs up to $8,75O,OOO saved in Geor-
gia in one year under food control
regulations
Then, there is another side to the
operation of this system. Before the
government took charge of the wheat
and flour situation the price to the
consumer was governed by specuIa-
ton and had already reaohe d-,$s,4 Ia 81 81
per barrel, with every indication that
1t would have gone to any higher
Inquire spectators could force it:
probably more than $40. AT thai
time and under that condition. the
farmer was getting $l40 per bushel
Tor his wheat and he, too, was in the
hands of the spccuator. The govern
ment, IN the process of regulating
the raw and finished product, fixed
the price of wheat at $3.50 per bu-
shell Under the old system of specu-
alton the farmer, for the four bushels
OF wheat in barrel of -four, got $50
but now under the new system OF
food control he gets $3.50 for the
same four bushels of wheat, or an m
crease Of $500 which, on the total
flour consumption in Georgia alone
yields him 100000 a year increase
Tor the same amount Of wheat CON
suned in making the -four or which
the consumer is saving $S,75OODO
year.
This is an example of the elin1ina
ton of profteering in -four and whear
by the operation of food control I'M
der the United States Food Admin
istration.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03

dent Turner if he had any suggestion
to make. bearing on the subject of
running the schools under the Gus
tomary terms, to which the Mayor re-
Piled that he was ready and willing to
finance the schools for the balance of
the year on the same terms as here
tofore, and to guarantee the salaries
OF the teachers, providing the present
board of education would hand him
their designations. President Turner
opined that this proposition smacked
OF politics and stated that there was
nothing doing along the line of resig-
nations, as far as he was concerned.
IN which Secretary Osborne concurr-
ed. Superintendent R;cketson re-
ported $95040 sent in for tuition for
some Of the children, which amount
was voted paid over to the Treasurer
on motion of Secretary Osborne and
motion adopted to continue the
FREE schools for the balance of the
term
No further business being before
the body, the memorable meeting
closed
The vote Of thanks that the Board
really owes the Leader Enterprise
was not offered They still are in
debted to us to that extent.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
German Report

Berlin, December British at
tacks in the Cambria area yesterday
were repulsed by the Germans who
cleared the village of Masnieres and
took prisoners there, according to to-
days report from army headquarters.
Army group of Prince Rupprecht:
In Flanders there was moderate firing
which continued all day and increased
to the greatest violence in the evening
on both sides of Passchendale, and
was carried on intensely throughout
the night.
Fighting continued near Cambria
and iaaaiGexssetar from Inchy as far
as Bourlen, after the successful en-
terprises by our troops, a lively artil-
lery action developed in the after
noon. Enemy infantry attacks west
of Moeuvres were frustrated by our
fire. East of Moeuvres they collaps-
ed before our lines. The village of
MasniereS was cleared of the enemy,
prisoners being brought in.
The enemy launched strong coun-
ter attacks, with forces newly brought
up, against the positions we wrested
from him on the western bank of the
Scheldt. After desperate struggle
lasting until darkness we repulsed the
enemy.
The fighting yesterday cost the
British especially heavy losses. Sew
eral hundred prisoners fell into our
hands. In the fighting region up to
the present sixty British guns and
more than 100 machine guns have
been captured"
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03

Lieut.. A. II. Brown, Of the Engi-
neerlng corps, is spending a few days
in the city visiting relatives. Mr.
Brown was formerly general foreman
of the q. & F. r. K. shops at Doug
las and at one time worked in the A.
B. & A. shops in this city, where he
has a host OF friends, who congratu-
late him OH securing a commission
in the army. While in the city he is
the guest of his sister, Mrs. Curt
Minter.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-12-03
SOMEWHERE IN FRANCE

Bro. ]. L. Hill, member of Fitz-
gerald lodge l. O.. Q. F. writes to
Secretary Frank Justice that he ap-
preciafes the receipt of his annual
dues by the lodge, and that he appre-
ciates the good intention of the
brethren in voting the soldier boys
free lodge dues. Bro Hill is in the
18th Engineers Regiment and is 60
ing though some lively experiences
over there" Mr. Hill was formerly
an employee 0 fthe A. B. & A.