davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
Former Missoula Girl Now
Draws Ten Dollars a Minute
M ember of Chicago
Grand Opera Com
pany and Church
Vocalist.

From $40 a week as Il telephone op-
orator to a member of the Chicago
Grand Opera company, in many eases
receiving as high as so 4 minute for
singing her arias in Italian. Spanish.
French, or English is the long jump
quickly made by a former Missoula
girl, Miss Margery Maxwell now u
resident of Chicago. hardly past 81
years.
Miss Maxwell is a graduate of the
jefferson high school at Portland, ore
gon, later attending one year at the
University of Montana at MiSSoula.
She met some of her sorority sisters in
Portland and Miss NaXwelrs voice
that year was heard at the national
convention of the sorority at Gear
| hart oregon.
Scores Big Success.
Miss Maxwell made a distinct hit,
| The Portland alumni later were per
sraded to gather a fund for Miss Max
| wells musical education and before
the end of 1915 Miss Maxwell was
studying music under Chcagos best
instructors She studied Spanish
| French and Italian, and before tn,
| year had passed she had mastered
| them and was singing in concert be-
| fore the most critical of audiences ir
the east
Miss Maxwell has signed already
for six weeks Chautauqua tour il
the east. Miss Maxwell also is So
prano in an Evanston, Illinois. Con
Sregational church.
A Student in MissouIa.
Margery Maxwell is the daughter o
Mrs. 4. G. IIOllenbeck, residing nov
: in Butte. Her step sister. Miss Bessi
Hollenbcck. lives in Mssoula. Mis-
! Maxwell could sing before she coul
talk and loved to sing, as her friend
and relatives loved to hear her Sh
, also plays the piano. She graduate
from high school course in Portland
{ Oregon, and took some work in tn
: University of Montana. She is a mem
! Der of Kappa Alpha Theta sorority i
this city. She has been studying wit
Daddi of the Chicago Grand Oper
4 company and has been singing sol
parts in a church at Evanston. Ill.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
GRUEsOME FIND
BY FARM HAND

Minneapolis, May 25.-While plow-
ing in field today on a farm near
Christmas lake, Carver county, w. T.
Swenson, farm laborer, found a small
brown leather travelling bag contain
ing n skull and two leg bones. The
bones We're wrapped in a newspaper
bearing the date of February s, 1908.
The travelling bag is in good condi-
ton and it is believed that it was left
in the field recently despite the date
on the newspaper.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
EDITORS HEAR WAR NEEDS.

Washington. May 25.-Members of
the cabinet and others actively en-
gagged in the conduct of the war, out
lined war aims and needs today to II
meeting of editors of the country's
technical and trade publications. All
emphasized the magnitude of the task
facing the nation and urged the pub
fishers to support the government in
the change from peace to war cOndi-
tions in industry.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
DAKOTA GUARDS
GO BACK HOME:

Company X of the First North Da-
kota national guard, which has been
doing guard duty for the past month
at Fort Missoula, has received orders
to move to Fort Lincoln. N. d. They
leave this afternoon on the North
Coast Limited. No reason for the
change is made public. 1t is not
known whether other troops will be
sent to take their place at Fort Mis-
soula.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
. LAST APPEAL
TO SAVE ADLER

Amsterdam. Via London. May Co.
Counsel for DIR. Friedrich Adler. the
Vienna editor has appealed to the
highest Austrian court to quash his
death sentence for killing Premier
Stuergkh. according to news from
Vienna forwarded by way Of Berlin.
The appeal was based on the ground
that the special court which pro-
nounced the death sentence appears to
be incompetent and that the case
should be brought before a jury.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
CONTINUE. INJUNCTION HEARING

Butte. May 25.-Hearing of the pc
tition of the Clark Montana Realty
company for an injunction restraining
the Butte & Superior Mining company
from mining ore from the Pyle strand
Of the Rainbow vein now in contro-
versy in the federal court, was con-
:tinued from June 3 to a date to be
determined later by the court.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
Donations to Pool
Not Up to Standard
The Weather
Montana-Partly cloudy Satur-
day and Sunday; cooler in north.
east portion Saturday.
SHIP BUILDING
TASK HOPELESS

New York, May 25.-Major General
George w. Goethals, speaking in
formally tonight at the annual dinner
here of the iron and steel institute,
declared that the proposal to build
5000 wooden ships in Is months. is
simply hopeless" For that reason, he
said it had become necessary to turn
to steel as well as wood.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26
BRITISH RECEIVE
$75,ooo,o0o MORE

Washington, May 25.-Treasury Off
cials today closed the international
ledger for May. with another debit to
the British government Of $75,00O.O0O.
bringing the total thus far lent Great
Britain up to $400.O0O,0O0. A pay
ment Of $75,OO0.OOO also was made to
Italy on her credit of 500, 0,00O,00 pre-
viously announced.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26

Continued on Page Eleven.)
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-05-26

Continued on Page Elcven.)
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
H. F. DOW, LOCAL
INSURANCE MAN,
PNEUMONIA VICTIM

Hesekiah v. Dow. head OF Il. D.
Dow q Son. q life insurance com
pany. died In his home. No. ~ War
ren-ave. east, Wednesday. OF pneu'
monia. He had been III only ashoH
time. Mr.. Dow was 81 years old.
He was born in New York state
and for % years prior to 1910 was
manager In central and western
New York of the Massachusetts
Mutual Life company. with ofhces
In Syracuse. In 1910 he came 20
Detroit. and nj the time OF his
death, was district manager for the
Pittsburgh LIfe a Trust company
Funeral services will be held in bis
home Friday afternoon NJ O'Clock.
and burial will Be In Syracuse \.
v. Mr.. Dow IL survived by two
sons, VIM. u. Dow. OF n. r Dow
& Son. and Chas. Y. Dow. OF the
DowGilbert Realty company. both
OF Detroit. and by a stepdsughter
Mrs. Leonard Efdredge. OF welland
Ont. and a stepson, George Dow
OF Detroit.
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22

NEW YORK, Feb. : How docs
Uncle Sans Jack Tar" take 20 ~
hsion'
To ind out. | attended divine SCI
yicr Sunday morning on board IRE
Arizona. our newest and biggest wsr'
Ship. now in New York karbor.
After sitting thru the service and
watching that congregation of men
heads bowed In all seriousness and
dignity. learned that religion Is
just a. real and vital q thing In the
life OF lack Tar ~ II Is IN any
other mans
There was less friyolity than one
finds In the average church contain
ing the same general kind ~ an
audience. Indeed. there wasn't the
slirhtsst kind OF irreyerepce.
To-day the navy gets as elsan a
lot OF young men ~ enc can find
anywhere, taking them man fer man.
Uncle sum has reascn 10 be pr1ud
ct the drst defense NJ the natl n
the seamsn aboard his snen-o-wsr.
The day has gone when a ~ Ige
viii dare say e bum or q crook
who was brought before him for
kofne mean oGense:
-lf you get out OF here and Join
fhe navy In ~ hours, III let ycr
D."
They we're an young fellows who
came into the meeting. From ell
ever the ship they came In answer
- the buzls call while the chap
3ain's dag-pure white with q blle
cross In the ccnter-xayed above
abe Stars and Stripes.
And what . 1ne Lot u chaps they
we're, The average age q the men
= the navy 10 1s--not TOO old to
AVE lost their IDEALS.
How thsy sang, Oidfashioned
hymns. they verc--Searer. Ny God
no Thee" seemed 20 be the fxvorfte
md best known. An orchestra,
composed Of some OF the boys, play
- the accompaniment.
Then Chaplain MacNair-the Rev
lanes Duncan M7cNair. and ths
name gives you a picture 81 The
Snan-big. six-tooted. weighing 81
pounds, with hearty Scotch burr
-led his stalwart CONGREGATION II
the Lords prayer.
And the boys knew II. too-wel
enough TO repeat II without hesita
ticn.
They read Respectively from tn
Book OF Proverbs--the young men
book In the Bible:
MY son. IL sinners entioe the.
consent thou not.
The fear Of the Lord Is the b.
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
TABLOID HISTORY OF GERMANY
Empire Established at Verdun in si3 A. D.. But People
Broke Into History As Long Ago As 1l3 B. {.

worlds first melting pots. became
rance.
These Franks. emerging from
their primitive semlcivillgatiOn.
we're united under one rule BY
Caarlemagne. who later extended
his power over the GermAn tribes
living across the phine. He WA
made emperor BY the pope a. Rome.
in The year 500. and his empire.
claiming 20 be the continuation 81
The Old Roman empire. vas the one
vh'ch s'es divided ~ the treaty -
Verdun among his grandsons.
u the Old Isosuan empi = hal h-en
invaded and harassed by many Ger
man tribes. such as the Nsud9is.
i.ombsrds and Goths. this new Ger
manic Roman empire vas in turn
ssssiled By another and even more
savage race from the east. the Huns
The Huns continually swept over
he eastern borders Of the growing
German naiUn. pillsging and slay-
ing. but we're finally crushed ~ Hen
/ ~ the Saxon he had been chosen
emperor In sl9. for the German EN-
perors were elected 20 ocfce bv
their great vaSsals, or land-ovnlpg
I cNeitains.
Ohio the Great. the nert emperor
after Henry. united italy 20 his own
I German realm. ard thus the German
king anl he Roman emperor bs
came one End the same FROM this
/ date. SIS. intil we'll into tae tEenfih
century G-rmanys history IL one
OF trcNcherous and violent struggles
I te'Neen the successive emperor
and the Jealous yassals Who elected
thsm FIR centuries 70 coma Ger.
man soil vas divided aud dren bod
With blood because the emperOrs
aere continuallt obsescd with the
cid Roman dream - world empire.
and fought for power abroad.
ncglectlng ihe maintenance OF or.
der AZ home
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
Her SeUen Selves!
As a Woman Appears to Herself She Is AL
ways Good, Declares Winona Wilcox.

otherwise. Woman never pictures
herself ar other than honorable. an
OF the best intentions.
The nagser who drives her hus-
band 20 drink. the scold whose chill
dren run away from home. he IN.
wise girl who loves too well. a..
have their own sufficient reason
all justify their conduct 70 them.
selves.
Man fancies that woman Graves
loye-his love-nlost OF all The
gifts OF love. But many a woman
whom no man ever loved has founc
plenty Of compensation in = belief
In her own spiritual ercellences
Many woman who has outlived
mans changing affection finds sat
lsfaction IN the doing OF good deeds
Our ideals hx the standard OF
what We may become
Woman. in spite Of her surface
valuation % existence. in spite Of
her craving for stimulated 10.
nance, In spite Of her natural apti-
tude Tor acting. has elm bed
higher than man on the spiritual
road. has a hrmer grasp than man
on The finer things OF civilization
merely because she keeps her faith
Ia her own intrinsic goodness.
Man himself has SO long sdored
virtue in woman that now II is the
one thing she exalts above the love
of man. She clings 10 n in spite
~ his fattery and his Arguments.
She melts one day-only 20 freeze
the next
And this IL about all tho mystery
there Is In the soul OF a woman. II
is not vomans fault N man. from
an inability 10 understand. fails 20
solve A.
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22

ever had wanted anything In his
life before This impudent stranger
bad declared that he wanted her
himself. and what was more was
roing 60 take her Reddy knew
nat n he refused 10 nght she would
| think him a coward. He wasn't
sure that she loved him. altho she
had shown him that she liked htm.
but be was sure that she wouldn't
love him n she though, him q COW
ard And 80 Reddy decided 10
aght
"Grr-rr-rl" snarled Reddy Just as
savag-ly as be knew how.
"drr-r-r-r," snarled the stranger.
and like a fash sprang at Reddy.
Then began such q nght as the
Old Pasture had not known for
many a Iona day. over and over
they rolled. swapping. snarling. kick.
ne. clAving. Sometimes the stran-
ger was on top and sometimes
Reddy was on top. The stranger
was big and strong. and be had
earned how 70 nght. he knew
every little trick % nghting Al
1rst Reddy got all tho worst % II.
3ut he was strong himself. and ne
was young Moreover. be was no
longer afraid. A grea, rage had
driven out all fear He was fight
ing not for himself alone. but for
beautiful Miss Swiftfoot. His whole
heart was in that eight, for he was
fSklng for his love
Timldly. with both fear and hope
In her eyes. Miss swiftfoor crepi
nearer and nearer 20 watch Which
did she hope would win Old Jed
Thumper. the big gray rabbit. crept
10 the edge OF his bull brier castl.
TO watch. and grew so excited that
he almost forgot be was watching
his own enemies. Blaoky the Grow
happened along and as soon as be
saw what was going on h. seated
himself In a tree where n. could
watch and then screamed NJ the
top OF his lungs Just from srcite-
ment This brough, bis cousin.
sammy Jay and sammy started
risht away 10 try 20 make more
noise than Blacty Everybody with.
in hearing hurried over To watch
that great hgh,
But Reddy and the big stranger
didn't know this They had no
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
BY wiNoNA WILCOX.

The mystery OF a woman'e soul,
the lntricacies OF her mental habit,
the complexities OF her emotions,
interest man supremacy and con
fuse him greatly. Probably woman
b. a much simpler being. on the
shole. than man suspects.
Woman has. however. ORA.
matte ability which makes her
puzzling. she IL never too dull and
seldom too much in earnest TO be
nne actress. She lives a good
deal Of her life on the surface
She often appears 10 be moved by
deep feeling when she is only civ.
Ing a clever imitation OF its effects.
SO she is called adaptable. 90
she seems 10 have some seven DIFF
ferent selves. or seven dlstinc, roles
which she plays daily without In the
least betraying the essence OF her
own ego. she slips from one part
into another as surprisingly. as
softly "a a ghost grows out Of a
mist in \ movie.
To her husband she IL one wo-
man, 20 her servant another. TO her
seighbor something still different
But. Of course. The sequence OF her
Improvisation begins with her
seif.
what II tho ono trait Of charac
str. the one quality. which women
sf all classes and all ages hold IN
sommon-
A. woman sees herself. she /,
always good
she may grant that she - home
b. or stupid, but never will shs
admit hat she IL bad. Let nc
nan. not even be who knows and
nuRhs a. her frsnties. thinl
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22

This Il the nrst chapter Of the
trisf history o, Germany now sp
pearing In The TinesJ
The burial place OF The German
hosts that feil JUS one year ago
al Verdun was actually the birth
rlace. Ten centuries before. OF their
own German FltherlAnd
IN the year S43 the three quarrel
some Erarfs % CharlemxEnr con
Guided a. ye7dun treaty FOR Tho
division o. their Ersncsirp's vas,
holy Roman empire A TERRITORY az
TioVimafely thar OF Germany today
y a. ne portion ~ one ~ them, call
81 iloHs he German" while The
second. Lothslre. %, What is now
called after him. IoTrsn4. and the
third Charles the Bald. received he
oyuRtry OF the Franks, ror Franco.
But the German S~ople had exist.
cd % course before TINS creation o.
a German nation. The Romans lons
f before Caesar knew the Gerrr an.
- savage race living across
tie Rhine This rice lad cone In
tordes from the east. perhaps from
Asia Their res neiEhoors in Eu
rope called them the Germans
which meant the shouisrS. 5ui
they have Away known themselves
4 amply as The people" which il
What reutschen orie rally lEnitad
Always amazing IN ineir eeciercy
in warfare. they first INTRODUCED!
themselvcs 10 the Romans in ~
! B G. b. invading Italy over ths
alps. sliding down the Enos dad
rclntain slopes on their great
ftIeids
Another % The many vanderinr
coniederacies ~ this German rscs
f. trf Franks. er7ig-@ted IRON Ger
rtany % Gagl. and minz'iug vlt-
the Celtic and Latin inhabitants
ccseed 20 30 German They sesarn.
the French. and Gaul one % IA,
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
INDUSTRIAL
| BANKS ASKED
Bin Would Provide For Such
Institutions In
Michigan

star Correspondent Detroit Ts~esl
LANSING. Mich. Feb. si.-Bills
10 permit the establishment In Mich
lgan of industrial banks were In
troduced In both houses OF the leg
lslature yesterday by Senator J
Lee Morford and Rep Charles r.
Foote
These banks would be permitted
10 make loans on notes and all sorts
~ securities. the loans TO run not
more than a year. Interest al slr
Der cent a year or less could b.
charged and deducted from the loan
in advance. A charge OF 81 10 s.
also could be deducted for investi.
eating the loan Borrowers then
would pay back in monthly install
menis on certificates given with
the loar No loan OF more than two
Ter cent ~ the industrial banks
capital and surplus could be made
20 any one person.
The state banking department
would have control over industrial
banks and ofacers of such banks
would be subject 20 penalties as
great az $1,000 ines or nve-y~Ar
prison sentences for fraud In con
n~ction with the bank operations
Industrial banks In towns OF So
600 or less would have 20 be cap
itahEed AZ not less than $4,000
and would grade w from that 20
s. o. 100 or more capitalization in
cities Of 10000 or more
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
sy THORNTON W. suaoEss


while nghtinE Is dreadful thlns'
hcrrid thing 20 see,
N all depends upon the cause
IL riEht or wrong II De.
There are times when II ius'
az wrong not 20 nsht as ever IL 10
20 fight when wrong cannot be
rishted in any other way u Is right
10 nght and wrong not TO, IL never
i cowardly 20 refuse 20 nght when
there n no Just cause for nghting
In fact. often II II Drawer To refuse
than 20 hEht But 20 refuse 10
nSht when there f. Just cause 10
agh, 10 eowzrdly.
Reddy FOX had no desire to night
that stranger there in the Old Pas
ture rust for the sake Of hghuns
The truth is Reddy was afraid Yes,
air. right down In his heart Reddy
was AFRAID. lie never had fought
anybody a. big and strong as this
stranger. and he knew by the scars
on the strangers face that the latter
had fought many battles He knew
too BY look In the strangers eyes
that the latter was not afraid. but
instead Was quite ready and willing
20 nght and. OF course. this didn Z
make Reddy feel any better He
guessed tha, The stranger knew Just
how be. Reddy Was feeling.
hut Reddy tel, that right was on
bis side There II an unwritten
law amcng the little people OF the
Green Forest and the Green Mead
ovs ths; each has certain hunting
rights. An unwrttten law, YOU
know. Is an understanding among
people which all respect The Old
Pasture. the Green Meadows. and
par- Of ne Green Forest bad been
the hunting ground or Reddy and
old Granny Fox for 30 long that II
was generally understood that no
other foxes bad . right 10 hunt
there So II there had been no
other reason for nghting. Reddy
would have felt that be was per
fec'ly right IN trying 10 drive this
inpGdent stranger away stu hav-
ing that fear in hts heart. doubt
u be would have fought had II not
been for something else.
That something else was the fact
hat beautiful Miss swicfoot vas
watching him. and that Reddy al.
ready had given bis heart 10 her.
II. had loved her al the very nrst
sight OF her. he wanted her TO
love him. wanted II more than be
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22

fight straight A. TIE men without
fear % Offending some rich nian n
ne congregation wao may cut OF bis
coRtri buttons
The men on dihereni oattleships
are as direrent 4s the people in
he various churches" the chaplain
said 20 me after serv ice
There IL a distinct individuality
about each ships view. ne added
he might have gone further. lie
u.iEht have said that no, only are
The crews OF different warshlps dif-
fer,st. bu; every man in every crew
l. also different
WHY should men b Just men"
simply because they are sailors
Why isn't there rrom FOR di-er.
srces in tastes All tenperAn'ents
mong sailors Just a there Is among
luen OF any other class or occgpS
ti0r>
Here's where many 81 US have
made our mistake IN dealing with
ncle Sans seamsn. In social and
C.ytc and religious matters. We
have torg otten that they came plin-
c.paly from American homes and
resides-Just where the rest u us
came fror
The chaplain deals WITH his pa
r1shionsrs as individuals They
come 20 bis little Once aboard ship
with their personal problems.
Preaching "A small part ~ h!s
vort. II furnishes an opporr unity
&c proclaim great religious truths
tc the men
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
MEATLESS MENUS FOR LENT
Bddy Bye Shows How To Prepare Days Meals Without
Costly Eggs

dip the slices Ia bread crum -,
place them IN well butterel p4n
End bake n a Quick even until a
fne brown color Serve with syrup
Riee Germs
sift ia cupfr-ls u four Vi'h 4
tesspoonfuls baking powder. . tabE
spoonfuls suSar. aid - teaDoou-
ful OF salt Mix - cgphn Of nils
with % cupful hot COOS "a rice. adj
u cupful % milk and one beaten
,Gg 20 the -four mixture beat the
rice into ire -four md add ? table
spoonfuls melted butter Bake in
well butterrd gem pans
Cream o. Bean Soup
Soak cupful white beans ovsr
night. drain and boil IN , pints o'
water Wheo tender rub thru a sieve
end mix the pulp with the water In
which the beans were boiled Rub
iablespOonfuls OF butter into az
equal amo;nt Of 1olr add thicker
I cupfuls % milk With the paste ADJ
tsasponfuis salt, fraspooafu
onion juice and a seasoning ~ pep
per II II - liked Turn 'he mashsr
leans INFO the white sauce. anC
toil : minutes. stirring 70 prevent
urnirg Serve wiz toast
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
CRAVEN YIELDING
WORSE THAN WAR,
TAFT ASSERTS

NEW YORK. Feb .2--It Is the
duty O, the United States. II there
are further invasloas BY ruthless
acts" 20 resist as IL the country il.
self we're being invaded. William
Howard Taft told The Corset Manu-.
lecturers association
Craven yielding. when the hon
or OF the nation IL a. stake, be de-
clared. Is worse than war.
DECLARING repeatedly that the
country Is on the brink % war. Tar,
made n plea for universal eompul
sorry military training
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22

alnning 81 knou ledge but fools de
pise wisdom and instruction.
Trust In the Lord WITH al thine
wn understanding
In ar thy sass acknowledxe Him,
and tie all direct my path
Keep Thy heart Nith al Gilf
rence Tor cat Of u are TIE issres
q life
And VIXEN TIE chaplain PRAYED
again. every lead vas bowed
scm-thing I have never seem in any
other religious meeting
There vas absci1,e silence. ex-
cepiing o. The noises made b.
xorkmen on deck. Who were bssy.
even on SUNDAY. getting the ship
ready FOR action
Choose ye this day whom ye VIII
serve was the chapiains text In
the simplest fashion be talked for 20
,ainutes about the decisions that
men are constantly called upon 20
make, pointing out how the right
decisions r-ay be arrived ~.
The Only apparent difference BE-
tween this service and that in a
regular church was that the AUlt
,noe VAS composed exclusively 90
men. and that there vas no oollec-
ton.
But these are vital differences. BE-
cause /; means that the chaplain
must preach a virile. manly message
or be won't have a congrsgzticn.
because the attendance is purely
voluntary.
Il means Mso thst be can preArh
The Detroit times., 1917-02-22
~ eIoov sYE.

BY eiOON bfE-
The high price Of eggs, potatoes
and canned foods makes I>enten
cooking this year FAR more ditSculf
than usual Eggs viii nor be used
in this series u menus and recipes.
sIcept when required "a an ingred
tent IN some made dish
Lenten Menus Ter One Day.
BreaEfas,-.Sliced bananas and
cream: rice gems; coffee OF oocoa-
Luncheon-Apple slump. or corn
starch blanc mango and milk nut
bread; tea
Dinner-Cream % bean soup
oornmesl outlets; Drowned potatoes /;
lettuce salad coffee
Corn Neal Outlets.
Make a well cooked corn 7neal
nIush and tan IL into a bread tin
which has been vet IN cold water
when the mush IL cold. slice IT and