davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
MILLIONS ARE LOST
BY CROP DISEASES
INEFFiciENcY COST MICHIGAN
FARMERS OVER $4,000, 900
LAST YEAR.
MOST DISEASES PREvENTABLE
n needless Losses Were Checked II
Would Equal Opening 800 Square
Miles of New Farms.

Lansing-In seeking to increase food
production, Michigan needs not so
much to break new ground for crops
as it does to control plant diseases, a
fact which has been brought home
foreibly by an investigation just com.
pleted by plant Psychologists and farm
crops men of the Michigan Agricul-
tural college.
Through a study /of the official
report of Michigan agriculture it has
been disclosed that losses totaling
more than $S000,000 resulted in 1916
alone from preventable plant diseases
and the sowing of poor seed-losses,
it is said, which probably will repeat
themselves in 1917 unless the pres
sure of the greater crops" campaign
spurs farmers to greater efficiency.
THE damage done to wheat, oats
and barley by smut, to corn by the
planting of weak and INFESTED seed,
to beans by anthrocnose and blight
and to potatoes by blight and scab in
1916, ranged all the way from to 25
per cent" the report declares.
"In other words, il the main efforts
toward increasing production were di-
rected to making certain that clean,
healthy seed is planted, and to seeing
that such diseases as anthrocnose and
blight are controlled in beans, and scab
and blight checked in potatoes, the re-
suit would be the same as If 500
square miles of new farms were open
ed up to crops"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

Neutrality-suspicious. Gathmann, in
ventor of the big Berthas," as the
howitzers used by the Germans are
called, died at the home of his daugh-
ter, Mrs. Thomas Foley, here.
No sooner had Mr.. Gathman's in
vention been patented than it was
snapped up by Germany. Gathmann
first offered the big Bertha" to the
United States government. but the
war department declined to accept the
tender.
Mr.. Gathmann was born in Ger
many in 1S43, coming to this country
in the last year of the Civil war and
taking up his residence in Washing
ton.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
CARRY ON"
BIZ Strickland eiIlIIan.


You are one OF a whole lot OF people
IN TINS country, my friend. You may
say, There are pienty OF Others 10
handle TINS war loan. Suppose every
BODY SAID that!
This country would be overwhelmed
and the war for civilization anu the
american ioea (which Is the idea OF ala
the Righteous peoples OF all the Woriu
Whatever their audible language may
pe) would be lost.
You are uoing your bit" for the
country just as actually by helping
supply the "sinews OF war" tor the Al
neu cause, as IL you We're nghtinB In
The trench and hitting a Hun every
pop. You are helping put Strength, IN
che form OF toou, mo the soIdler, and
helping keep DEMONSTRATING clothing on
their bodies. You send your perfectly
callous ana fearless dollars across 10
40 your lighting for you.
Besides that, even from the stand
point OF frugahty and thrift II Is a wise
investment. Many people have long
preferred government bonds, In spite
OF their comparatively low rate OF IN
terest, because of their unquestioned
safety
Ii this war should not be won by
the Allies land remember America Is
part of the Entente Allied forces now!
We are no longer bystanders!D any
money you have hid out in an old
sock or In rifled or bombarded bank
wouldn't be worth any more than old
Confederate or shlnplaster currency is
now-we should have no country to
sustain the value of our present cur
rency.
so, send out such money as you can
spare to help maintain the value and
integrity of the other money you have
or can get: or, which is infinitely finer
and decenter. TO help make everybody's
money worth its full face value, 3
Biggest and best of all, remember
that the dollars invested in liberty
bonds are fighting the battles of all
that is desirable in human society and
civilization.
very bonds.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

Reports received from Marble Hill,
No., were that at least % persons
were killed and more than 100 injured
at ZalIna, Bolllnger county, in tor
nado.
Lester p. Barlow, former coal
passer in the navy, has invented an
aerial bomb that will spread death
and destruction within a radius of
several hundred feet.
A terrific explosion Of dynamite In
frame store and apartment building
at Cleveland, o., demolished the
building and injured - persons, three
of whom are in hospitals.
John Clarke Black. former president
of the Continental and Commercial
National bank, died at Chicago after
an illness of six weeks. Mr.. Black re-
tired several years ago. He was born
in Middleburg, VT. July 3, 1887.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
$1,000 TEUT0NS CAPTURED
Paris War Office Epitomizes Gains of
Allies Since April 1.

Partisan official communication is
sued by the war Office says that from
April / to June /, $4,000 German pris-
oners we're captured, 1000 of which
were officers.
Included in the enormous material
taken from the enemy during the
same time we're 446 heavy and field
cannon, 1000 machine guns and con-
siderable number of trench guns.
Since April 1, the British have ad-
vanced on a front of 20 miles from
Loos to South of Bullecourt to an ex-
treme depth of six miles east of Arras.
Field Marshal Haig's men have taken
Vimy ridge, dominating the plains to
Douai and have virtually surrounded
Lens and st. Quentin and have held
their gains against desperate and re-
peated German attacks, while infiict-
ing heavy losses.
In the same time the French have
advanced along a 15-mile front north
of the Aisne and seized the lights
dominating the valley of the Ailette
river, the last natural defense before
Laon. In Champagne, the French
troops, in intrepid attacks, have gain
ed the nights of Mont Carnillet. the
Casque. the Teton and Mont Haul. to
the east of Rheims. All the French
gains have been held. Repeated at
tacks by the German crown prince
against the captured zones have been
made without avail and he has expend-
ed thousands of lives in fruitless eff
forts to regain the lost ground.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
MEMcANs LOOT U. S. SHIP
Fishing Schooner Boarded and Strip
( ped of Supplies.

Galveston, Textile American fish
ing schooner Areas was boarded by
the crew of Mexican gunboat off the
coast of Tehuantepec, Mexico, on the
high seas, May 81, and looted of cloth
ing. fishing gear and medicine chest.
This news was brought here Tuesday
by Captain S. A. Mcdonald, of the Ar
cas-.
Only enough provisions were left
for the Areas to get back to Gal
weston.
The Mexicans claimed to be Car
rama soldiers who had received no
clothing or pay for months. The
steamer few no flag.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
SPUDS LEFT IN CARS TO ROT
Fifteen Cars sidetracked Near Chicago
While Prices Are Boosted.

ago-Government investigators
in1uiring into the reasons for high
priced coal in Illinois recently discov-
cred Is cars loaded with potatoes on a
siding near Seatonville. ILL.,
The potatoes, from the shipping di-
rections on the cars, had originally
been sent to Chicago. From their con-
dition, the investigators concluded
they had been left on the siding to
spoil while high prices we're being
maintained in the Chicago market.
The investigation of the food situa-
ton will continue before the June
grand jury.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

The real work of creating modern
fighting unit was started on the mu-
nicipal pier at Chicago, where the vol
unteers In the Third Illinois reserve
engineers are being modified.
Contracts have been awarded to an
American firm for the construction of
a two-squadron aviation field in
France where American army fiiers
will receive final preparation before
taking their place at the front.
The American commission TO Rus
STA, headed by Elihu Root, arrived at
a Russian port. Announcement of the
safe passage of the commission was
made by Secretary Daniels at Wash
ington.
Plans for issuing $4,000 free gov
eminent insurance on the life of every
American soldier and sailor during
the war in lieu of pension arrange
ments will be taken up by the council
OF national defense at Washington.
The plan also would provide insur-
ance for partial or total disability.
London says that the American sail
ing ship Dirigo has been sunk by
German submarine. Ahe crew has been
landed with the exception of John RaT,
third mate, who was drowned when
the small boats were being launched.
The Brazilian senate voted author
izing alliance of Brazil with "other
states to defend the American repub-
lies against the world"
The American schooner Margaret b.
Rouss was sunk by a submarine near
the French-Italian coast and the crew
robbed by the Germans, according TO
Capt. Fred L. Foot, master of the
schooner, who arrived at an American
port from France.
President Wilson, speaking at Mem
orial exercises In Arlington cemetery,
declared the time had come for action
by this nation and that he had no fear
Of the part America would play in the
great world war. I'm the providence
of God" he said, America once more
has an opportunity TO show the world
that she was born to serve mankind"
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
European War News

'KrOnstadt will be declared morally
boycotted, outlawed and cut off from
the rest of the empire unless IL imme-
diately withdraws its defiance to the
provisional government" This state
ment was made at Petrograd by Minis
ter of Justice Pereviezeff.
Georges Guynemer, the French fly
ing wizard, was granted leave as adj
ditional reward for his record of down
ing four enemy airplanes I'm a day, IL
was announced at Paris. TWO of his
victims were hurled from the sky in 81
seconds.
Austrian losses between May II and
May 20 are estimated by Rome at 3d.
goo dead. wounded and missing. in
Guiding five generals and 40 high of
ficers. A hundred cannon have been
taken or destroyed.
Paris announced that Capt. George
Guynemer. most famous of all French
army avintors, has brought down five
more German airplnnes, two of them
In one minute. The captain has de-
stroyed 43 enemy machines.
Roumanian troops on two successive
nights have delivered attacks upon the
Teutonic lines on the Moldavlan front.
Berlin army headquarters announced
TINT these attacks had been renilIsed
The fateful decision of the work.
mems and soldiers delegates 10 as
sumo control Of kronstadt. the great
fortress whirh defends Petrogrnd. was
carried by q vote vt 30 against 40
Kronstadt Is the main fortress guard
ing the capital and Is the main port OF
entry to the capital from the Balric
sea.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

Port Huron-John Kadzielawa died
of heart trouble after having been on
bis front porch all night.
Ann Arbor-Julius Otto Schlotter-
beck, Pho. Ph.D., professor OF phar-
inacognosy and botany and dean OF
the college Of pharmacy in the Uni
yersity OF Michigan since 1904, died
at his home here. Scientific and phar-
macy journals have frequently pub
lished contributions OF the deceased
scholar, who was one OF the best
known men in his profession. He
was 81 years old.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
Mexican Revolt

After being paraded through the
streets of Juarez. Mex, Maj. EluteriO
Soto of the Carrunza army, charged
with furnishing ammunition to villa
forces, was taken TO cemetery and
executed by Carranza firing squad.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

Charlotte-The city council voted
$3.50 for uniforms for the Charlotte
company of state troops.
Charlevoix-Capt Willard A. Smith,
editor OF the Charlevoix Sentinel, and
former member OF Gov. Osborn's staff,
was acquitted of contempt charges on
technicality. He commented on the
courts decision in an auto license
case.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
Foreign

In long declaration published in
the Petrograd Dyen, Baron Rosen,
former Russian ambassador to the
United States and former member of
the council of the empire. suggests as
a means of exit for Russia from her
present chaotic condition diplomatic
conference with the entente allies to
determine a possible basis for peace
with the central powers.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

Gov. Albert F. Sleeper was the chief
speaker at Charlottes first communi-
ty banquet. Congressman J. M. c..
Smith and Northumberland Dick
inson were also speakers.
Grand Rapids-United States agents
raided Socialist headquarters here.
They seized quantity of semi-sedi-
tious literature and the names Of all
persons enrolled in the party in Grand
Rapids. II was claimed that Grand
Rapids is the hub of wheel of dis
loyalty which Is slowly covering west,
arm Michigan.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
AIRMEN TO TRAIN IN FRANCE
v. s. Recruits VIII Get Final Lessons
in French Battle Planes.

Observation-Disclosures have been
awarded to an American firm for the
construction of a two-squadron avia-
ton field in France, where American
army fiiers will receive final training
before taking their places at the front.
Final training will be in French bat
tle-planes and under French instruc-
tors, the aircraft production board of
the national defense council an
nounced. AS the United States has
produced no airplanes of sufficient
power and speed for use at the front,
foreign built craft will be used by Am
erican fiiers for battle purposes, until
American machines have been de-
veloped to that point.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

Vowing a peoples rule and claim
ing that the Teutonic allies are "still
mighty in the mightlest of wars" Elm
peror Charles addressed the opening
of the reichstag at Vienna. He affec-
tionately recalled the memory of the
late Emperor Francis Joseph.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
Domestic

4 Fred w. thinner. an aviation In
structor, died nj Buffalo. n. Y. from
injuries received when his hydroair-
plane crashed into q telegraph pole.
Samuel Harris, one of the propri-
etors of the notorious Burr Oak inn
near Chicago, taken with so other pris-
oners In raid on the place, died M
q hospital from injuries suffered In
attempting to escape from the Grim.
inal court building.
president Wilson has determined
that America shall not he hungcred
by food robbers or frozen by fuel
thieves at home while its sons are
lighting for the country's life abroad"
declared Senator james Hamilton
Lewis, speaking at Chicago.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
500 Students TO Train.

Three training fields will be SO near
ly completed by July 20 that 500 stu
dent aviators, graduates of the pre-
liminary theoretical courses given at
six colleges, can begin their training
in actual fight by that time.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
Washington

In response to the senate's resolu-
ton of inquiry, Secretary Redfield no.
tilted congress at Washington that on
May / there were under construction
in the United States 537 steel vessels,
with tonnage of 100000, and 167
wooden vessels, aggregating 214,7OO
tons.
Owners of automobiles. except those
used exclusively for business, must
pay war revenue tax on the machine,
no matter what its value. The senate
finance committee at Washington
fixed this graduated tax and wrote IL
into the pending revenue bill: Cars
listed at $500 or under, $3.50; all cars
over $1,000, a fiat tax of $25.
The senate finance committee at
Washington decided TO provide In the
war tax bill TO raise $S0000,000 by
consumption taxes Of two cents
pound on coffee, five cents on tea. one
half cent on sugar and three cents on
cocoa. Another important change
agreed upon was the elimination of
the present tax of 1914 per cent on
war munitions, now raising $25,000,000.
Substitutes for tea and coffee also
will be taxed.
Hoarding. storage or destruction Of
food, fuel or other necessaries of life
TO limit supply or affect prices would
be a felony under an amendment to
the governments first food bill adopt
ed In the senate at Washington with
out q record vote.
A motion TO recommit the espionage
bill with instructions TO strike out the
press censorship section was carried
in the house at Washington by vote
of 1S4 to IA.
Another fundamental change In the
war tax bill was agreed upon unani-
mously by the senate committee at
Washington, which decided 10 strike
out the whole section levying S20o.000.-
600 by general tariff increase Of 10
per cent on an al valorem basis. As n
substitute the committee proposes di-
rect excise, or consumption taxes, on
sugar, tea. coffee and cocoa.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

An official telegram to Zurich, Switz-
erland, from Budapest, says that En-
peror Charles has appointed Count Ju-
Illus Andrassy premier of Hungary.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

Strikes or other measures to para
lyze production have been decided
upon in more than 100 of the largest
factories in Petrograd, most of which
are engaged in war work.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07
Happenings
Of the World
Tersely Told
U.S.-TeutOnic War News

The real work of creating a modern
fighting unit was started on the mu-
nicipal pier at Chicago, where the vol
unteers in the Third Illinois reserve
engineers are being modified.
The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1917-06-07

motion to recommit the espionage
bill with instructions TO strike out the
press censorship section was carried
in the house at Washington by vote
of 1874 IN IA
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1917-05-09
WEST DANVILLE

(Mrs E. F. Aver, Correspondent
Mothers Day will be observed at
the church next Sunday.-Miss Col
die Swasey was home from Lyndon
over Sunday.--A. j. Goss went to
Burlington Monday. Mildred Gile
went with him to see her father, who
is in the hospital there.-Miss Rose
Davis has finished work at George
Giles and Madene Porter of Walden
is working there.-Mrs Oliver Nc
Cosco has gone to Burlington for
medical treatment.-J. H. Bessett and
family will leave for their new home
at Pawtucket, r. l.. Tuesday.-Mrs.
Walter SWEET has been visiting her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. e. f. Aver
Otis Brickett, who has been quite
sick the past week is better.
II. B. Durbar of Walden spent Satur-
day and Sunday here with his parents.
j. H Bessett is earring his furniture
for Providence, r. l., where they will
soon go to live.-C. c. harrington re-
Gently sold 10 cows to go to Cabot
Mr.. and Mrs. Gilbert Hastings spent
Tuesday at st. Johnsbury.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1917-05-09

grain. Something must be done. We
swonld like to see an idea we have
had for many years tried out. Get a
gang of men under n competent fore
man, let them live together at some
central place and work by the day on
the different farms in the neighbor-
hood. Then instead of spending two
or three weeks getting in the crops
on q farm let this gang do it in that
number of days and move on to an
other farm.
We do not have our eye on a gang
of men that can be secured but be-
lieve it would be possible for the
farmers to get them the same as the
mill men and manufacturers get them
They will cost more than they would q
few years ago but what they produce
will be worth much more than it was
then. One thing is certain, the farm
ers of Vermont face a serious crisis
We hope they will possess the ability
to meet it in way profitable to them
selves and beneficial to the great con-
Stunning public.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1917-05-09
Keeping UD Prosperity.

Keep business going is patriotic
slogan. Keep money in circulation.
Keep employment for everybody.
Keep wages good. Keep on making
money that we may have money to
spend for war sacrifices These are
the words of John Wanamaker,
Americas merchant prince, and are
sound advice. The subscription at
the rate of $20,00O,000 an hour for
the first installment of the great war
loan of $7,00O,OO0,O 900 was great
demonstration of the money re-
sources of this country, but we can
not continue to produce money at
that rate unless we continue to make
it. Mr.. Wanamaker says: Our
country prosperous can pay our war
costs, as they come, and have enough
left over to aid our allies"
st. Johnsbufy certainly can furnish
employment for everybody who wants
work. We know where several good
farm hands could have immediate
employment. If there were so men
available it is probable they could be
placed on farms within "a hours at
war time wages. Some people are
inclined to get along with what they
have rather than pay the enormous
prices for grain, cattle and seed, but
the great majority are willing to pay
business.
There is no disposition in this sec
ton to foster IAN unpatriotic psyche
idea of patriotic economy"
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1917-05-09
A Vermont Crisis.

The state of Vermont is facing
serious crisis in the production of
milk and milk products owing to the
extreme high cost and shortage of
grain feeds.
The man sitting at desk naturally
says the farmers should raise more
grain. They should supply their own
feed and get good money for it in the
should make themselves Independent
of the western producers and the
spectators. The farmer himself,
however, has other things to combat.
He finds it almost impossible to get
help to put in his crops, care for them
and to harvest them
In this particular section the change
of hours in st. Johnsbury industries
has a serious effect on farm help
Men working on the farm say they are
going where they can quit work at
O'Clock in the afternoon and have the
rest of the day to loaf. The men do
not seem to realize that they begin
work an hour earlier in the morning
here, they look at the hour of quitting
only. When haying time and harvest
ing come the hours from to o'clock
in the afternoon are worth more to
the farmers than any other hours of
the day because the hay or grain is in
the best condition then to be put into
the barn.
So it will be seen the farmers of
Vermont are facing the most serious
condition of the past half century.
More grain is absolutely necessary to
keep up the production of the diaries
and to produce pork. But the help
cannot be secured to produce the
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1917-05-09
Z. GREENSBORO BEND
(Mrs. w. D. Hin Corresnonder

(Mrs. w. d. Hill Correspondent
Mrs. Fadder is quite sick. Mildred
Harrison has the measies.-Mr and
Mrs. c. B. Sternberg were in Barton
Monday. Mrs. Nettie Marshall and two
children are visiting her brother, w. B.
Hill.-B. P. Vallencourt who has been
in Sheldon for several days returned
home Monday and reports his father
is better-W. d. Hill was in st. Johns
sbury Saturday. Several from this
place attended the funeral of Susie
Waterman at East Hardwick Sunday.
Ada Allen has finished work at ]. B.
Silver's and is working at Richard
Aliens. Lester Allen is working at
Ted Gochee's.-Miss Ruth Barr visit
ed in st. Johnsbury over Sunday
The friends of Mrs. T. j. Crowley
gave her a sunshine bag last week
which is greatly enjoyed and appreci-
ated.-Frank Hutchins and Oscar
Patch and Eben Douglass are at home
Eugene Domey was at B. p. Vallen-
courts several days last week.-R. Fl.
Bedell was in St. Johnsbury Saturday.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1917-05-09

Road work in Vermont will suffer
this year on account of the shortage
of help State Highway Commissioner
Bates did patriotic thing when he
issued a proclamation that there
should be no construction work or re-
the first of June so the men might be
employed by the farmers in putting in
the crops. Automobiles will cheer
the roads on account of this increased
agricultural work.