Bisbee daily review., 1917-11-11

! V The Associated Press.)-Probably a no time since the war began has Ger man propaganda been more aggres sively active in Switzerland than a present.
 Those who are following the Ger man campaign declare that uncountet millions are being spent, and that tn, expenditures have increased since tn, ! day, not so very many months ago when counter efforts were begun counter efforts that with comparative ly insignificant amount of money have accomplished wonders by their tac and cleverness.
 The German propaganda is operated in score of ways. but the chief meth cd is the presentation of the German viewpoint and German news in the pa pers, but because it is clumsy it is vastly less effective than the outlay should warrant. In brief, Germany has tried and is trying to influence Swiss public opinion as if the Swiss people could clearly understand the German way of thinking.
 As the basis of it's propaganda work here. Germany acquired number oi newspapers in Switzerlapd-severa in the German language and one publish ed in French, the latter now under suspension. Similarly, the Swiss papers in the German language are quite as obviously German as the Berlin Lokalanzeiger or the Cologne Gazette except that they are immeas. urably less able.
 Then the Germans acquired or start ed whole series of news agencies through which to distribute their news Soon, however, these agencies added another and vastly more important function, that of collecting and trans hitting news from countries at wal with Germany-news, however, care. fully colored if not actually distorted. It was in this direction that the Ger. man propaganda began to be danger ously effective.
 While German newspapers them selves could only roost along the Ital- ian border at Lugano, and the French at Geneva, and transmit colored news from Italian and French newspapers to Germany, the neutral Swiss cores pondents of the so-called Swiss agencies had free access to Italy and France. They carefully chose all the misleading, even though technically accurate, news they could squeeze by the censor. If a sensational and un- influential deputy in the French or Italian chamber makes an attack on the government, it is faithfully flashed b Switzerland; if score of women in Rome threw stones during a protest meeting, Switzerland heard of the "rioting" that is gravely menacing the established order in Italy.
 With Americas entry into the war the agencies went step farther and rendered another important service to Germany, distorted news from the United States. Again and again the reliable. the genuinely Swiss journals issued denials or published the correct news. The first effect was not to be corrected by later stories.
 The general trend of this American news concerns the embargo and Amer ica's intentions toward Switzerland. Every story in a list that would fill a scrap book tended to show that the United States had the intention of starving its little sister republic. Not even an announcement by Switzer- lands president that from authentic reports he knew food was underway or soon to start could offset the effect of the first stories. And they had mean time gone to Germany and were follow by sympathetic, editorials in German papers popular here commiserating with Switzerland in struggle against Yankee oppression.
 A third pIopaganda method which began early to operate and still flour ishes, is that of Literature" that is dis tributed by the ton. Switzerland is flooded with it. and the protests that have been raised have come in a sur prising number of cases from German Switzerland. The procedure is "echt deutsch" It is one that has been fol lowed in Holland. in Scandinavia. in all the neutral countries since the be- ginning of the war.
 Vastly more effective and clever has been the Austrian propaganda in Switzerland. Shortly afser the open ing of war two influential and clev CT newspaper men one an Austrian from Vienna the other a Hungarian from Budapest-both of whom operat ed news bureaus in their respective cities, were commissioned by the Aus tro-HungaTian government to estat. fish seemingly neutral bureau iu Zurich that should have connections in other neutral as well as enemy countries. They were careful never to send it the ordinary. German brand Of propaganda" news.
 The bureau was successful and is today. It established connections in Holland. in Rome and elsewhere. and is able to place comparatively large quantity of news which is the more eff fective because if is not too obviously