davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25

tire waterways Il lighted by electricity.
Steam vessels pass through propelled
by their own power. Tho tonnage per
year averages bstween nineteen and
twenty millions at about two dollars
per ton.
The plan OF water connection be-
tween the Mediterranean and the Red
Sea goes back to early Egyptian his
tory. Such a canal was constructed
during the time Of Rameses. but II
became choked up BY sand. From
time to time 1t was ouaued, but II was
not until the DeIesseps concession be-
gan Its work that the canal became a
reality. The estimated cost OF the
waterway Is $l37.ooo. 900 and its
maintenance II expensive on account
Of the vast amount OF dredging which
must be done to keep the channel
open As 1t Is continually choked with
sand.
The canal connecting the Bay of
cronstadt with Petfograd u \ water
way Of great strategic and commercial
value to Russia. It b about sixteen
miles In length and cost SO. 900. 900.
Like the Suex Il II i eea level canal.
The next great ship canal in the
order Of date OF construction Is the
one known AZ the Corinth. which con-
meets the Gulf Of Corinth with the Gulf
OF Aegina and cuts across the Isthmus
OF corinth. 1t was begun by Nero.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25
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ing the Baltic and North Seas, COM

ing the Baltic and North Seas, COM
pleted in 1895.
The Elbe and Trave Canal. con-
Meeting the North Sea and the Baltic.
opened for traffic in 1900.
The welland Canal. connecting
Lake Erie with Lake Ontario.
Tho Panama Canal. completed in
1915.
The Cape Cod Canal. completed In
1914.
There are hundreds Of miles OF
canals in all countries many OF them
OF great Importance to commerce on
account OF their cheap freight rates.
Sucx Canal-Kaiser wilhelm Canal.
The Sues Canal has long been con-
sidered the most important example
OF ship canals although the number
of vessels passing through 1t annually
does not equal that passing through
the canals connecting Lake Superior
with the chain Of Great Lakes to tho
south. In length. however. It exceeds
all OF the other great ship canals.
being ninety miles long. Of which
about two-thirds Is through shallow
lakes The canal ID without locks.
beink sea level the entire distance.
The length Of time for q ship pass
Ing through the canal averages about
eighteen hours and can be made eth
er during the day or night as tho en-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25

light. but night on the front II an
inferno that gets q mans nerve" he
told the nurse in the hospital where
he was sent with q shattered leg.
Many nights are spent in repairing
barbed wire entanglemenS and in
mendinE broken telephone communi-
cations. When the men work at the
latter. a sentry generally climbs a tree
nearby and hides among the leaves
watching the enemy's trench to ward
off a surprise. The men who work on
the wire entangiements lay fiat on the
ground In the mud or grass while the
rockets are burning and then return
to their work In the darkness. FIRE.
quently they are sighted and the ma
chine guns OF the enemy spit bullets
among the wires. They strike with
a sharp metallic ping all around the
PROSTATE men. ''It seems ages be-
fore you RISE" said one man. "and
when you do. you expect every minute
will be your last. Sometimes q man
IL wounded and we have to carry him
back to the trench before we finish
our work"
The use of firearms after dark IL
forbidden lest the noise should call
attention to some special operation
that is being carried out under the
cover Of darkness. This adds to the
lendishness OF the fight. for the weap-
ons used are dtrks, hammers ana en-
trenching tools During trench raids
friend and foe sometimes become
hopeIessly mixed and on one occasion
a Frenchman Is said to have killed his
own brother In one OF these c0m6ats.
The dreadful scene was finally lighted
by the glare OF rocket az It fell over
the field. and when the man saw what
he had done he became a raving
maniac and rushed toward the Ger
man trenches. being killed BY . shell
few minutes later.
Sometimes the flares have shown
strips of white tape laid forward from
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25

the German trenches. This mea1Sl
that raid In to be made and the tap1i
II laid to guide the men and prevemkl
them from getting mixed In the6<a
bearings as the trench lines are nees
always straight and even In the day2s
light not easily discerned. During tAAs
flares the light shines with an uncaunys
radiance and various devices are -
ployed by the men to keep II frsun
showing their faces. Some use . dAskG
grease. while others cover Themselves
with dark wells. These night attacks
develop at a moments notice and til
men are frequently ordered out 1Ma
great haste when = Listening poGe4a
has discovered a propitious msmeak
for an attack. During the early paD13
OF the war this occurred .frequout11vi
but listening Ia more dificult r.
now. as many officers do not alloGM
their men to speak above . whisDs
in the trenches at night
Aircraft Active At Niefx. sa
The aircrafts Of tho armies 9
often active at night and when thoo~l
appear the huge searchlights show -
against the dark sky long enough ln&3
tho men who work the anti airurG(If
guns to get a range. Sometimes t.
gun is successful either in bringin1:
down the machine or driving II AWAY
and at others the aeroplana hQyeF1
about until the break Of day getttnkl
line on the position of the snamv.s
Occasionally the Zeppelin or aoross
plane, as the case may be. drops "
bomb as near the searchliEht ~ No.
sibls~Se the hope of destroying e -
at least killing its guardianA A
These scenes are enacted all alds
the battle lines, for the Austriana d1c&
Italians play the same game who
ever the ground Is such that II an &K
| worked. and death stalks forth IL
horrible form at night whersvef tH
nations meet in battle array.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25

but the undertaking was too vast for
that monarch and was abandoned. In
1881 French company obtained a
concession to construct the waterway
but before II was finished 1t was trans
ferred to a Greek company and COM
Melted by a Greek engineer named
Matsas. 1t Is only four miles in
length yet 1t solves the journey from
the Adriatic to the Piraeus. about two
hundred and two miles. 1t cost about
s5.0Oo.0o0.
The Manchester Ship Canal, which
connects the City Of that name with
tho Mersey River. Liverpool. and the
Atlantic Ocean was opened for trafi1c
| In 1894, when Queen Victoria came
to the city to be present at the cero-
mony. It is about thirty Ave miles in
| length and has four sets of locks CIV
ing an average to each OF fifteen feet.
II cost ss5,o0o.0o0 to build and last
year It's tonnage was nearly six MIL
Hons.
The great canal between the Baltic
and North Seas through Germany In
known as the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal,
| or. the Kiel Canal. frequently SO called
from the fact that Kiel Is the eastern
terminus of the waterway and one
OF the best harbors In Europe. 1t
was constructed for military and naval
purposes, but 1t has also been Of great
value to general mercantile trafic. II
|, sixty-one miles long and the route
lies chiefly through shallow lakes and
along river valleys. The locks at each
end are large enough to accommodate
Germany's largest war vessel. By this
canal two hundred miles are saved by
ships going from the Baltic to the
North Sea.
The Elbe and Trave Canal Is anoth-
er German waterway and also Joins
the North Sea and tho Baltic. The
money for the work was furnished
partly by the Prussian government
and partly by tho City Of Lubbock. 1t
Is about forty-one miles in length and
IS SPAWNED by twenty-nine bridges.
There ara seven locks. The towing
is done by electricity.
The welland Canal has played its
part in the present war and managed
70 get on the front page Of the press
through an attempt to blow It up.
This waterway connects Lake Ontario
and Lake Erie on the Canadian side
OF the river and plays an important
part in the commercial life OF both
Canada and the United States. 1t II
twenty-seven miles In length and has
twenty-five locks with total rise OF
lockage Of three hundred and twenty
seven feet. II has twice been enlarged
and cost about $4,000. 900.
Great Value or Sault Ste Marie.
The sault Ste Marie Canals. which
have been such factors In the ore tn
dustry are located adjacent to the
falls Of the st. Mary's River. which
connects Lake Superior with Lake
Huron ana raises or lowers vessels
from one level to the other--a height
OF seventeen to twenty feet The canal
belonging to the United States was
opened In 1855. From time to time It
was enlarged and improved. and In
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25
Ave hundred yards.

five hundred yards.
The Germans have been particular
ly successful in the use OF a peculiar
fash pistol that shoots fireworks to a
great height The ingredients used
consist Of cotton fuse igniting a
chemical mixture and at the same
time releasing a small parachute.
Then slowly In serpentise ribbons the
light drops earthward illuminating
the enemy's trenches. All night long
these rockets soar through the air
under the direction OF the German
chemists and woe to the Frenchman
or Englishman who is caught in the
merciless glare which shows even a
blade OF grass The darkness Is
streaked with fantastic shaped flames
OF various eolors' and at times the
scene Is not unlike one of our Fourth
OF July firework displays. When these
lights go up from the German trenches
their machine guns have been made
ready for action and as a rocket will
last at least forty seconds the German
artilleriest can easily establish a range
and almost before the men Of the
other side can move the pitiIess rain
OF bullets pelts down upon them. and
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25
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leaps about one hundred and atty feet
in the air and spreads clear light
over a large area. Utter blackness
follows as the guns open up and send
the shells crashing on their mission OF
destruction. Then another bomb goes
up. followed by more shells.
Repair Work.
Much OF the repair work is done at
night and the patrols who are exposed
when the rockets begin. rush to cover
at once for they know that the ribbon
lights are but fnrerunners of death.
One victim who was seriously wound
ed while repairing a barhed wire en-
tanglement at night and failed to
reach cover In time declared that
when the light from a rocket spread
over him he felt as II he had been
stripped Of his clothing and propped
against a wall for instant execution.
IT am not afraid Of guns in the day
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25

war takes on new terror very dif-
ferent from that felt during a daylight
battle and calls for genuine courage
Friend Or Foe.
There is something hideous about
this night fighting for even the
shadows are a menace. In the dark
ness 1t 10 not easy to tell friend from
foe and even the shell torn shrubs
waving to and fro seem to take on
forms OF the enemy as their branches
bend over shell craters filled with dead
men. At the least sound the soldier
Is alert as the darkness between the
rockets offers an opportunity for an
enemy to slip up from behind and
with a dirk silence man before he
can give an alarm.
Incendiary Bombs.
The Allies send up incendiary bombs
which give an intense glow. and when
one Of these explodes a column Of flame
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25
[E/G~cE N45e1
07 1>S<5< 0N|
How the European Sol
der Fights By Night As
WellAsByDay-Tr
Raids In Darkness and
Bythe Glare Of Rockets.
Copyright. 1917. bv The International
Syndicate

Copyright. 1917. BY The International
Syndicate.
TT is said that necessity is the
mother OF invention, and IL there
ever existed a necessity for devils
u ing ways and means to accom-
plish results that necessity exists to-
day in the great European struggle
Not content with the implements OF
warfare which can be used in the
daylight, or. rather realizing that the
full effectiveness OF these impleme nts
could not be brought out In the day
time. the ingenuity OF the combatants
has developed modes OF destruction
which require the darkness OF night
for their deadliest work. So. the
world IL today witnessing a holocaust
of life and property carried on with
relentless vigor and maIignity for the
whole twenty-four hours OF the day.
Modern inventions have made night
fighting possible on the battleflelds OF
Europe fer all seFts~of lights are now
In use to prevent surprise attacks as
well ~ to locate and destroy the
enemy. The night life along the bat
tie lines Is weirdly picturesque for
there are flares and fares OF rockets
an far as the eye can reach. They
burn with great brilliance for a time
and, then 20 out leaving the night
darker than ever although the least
sign Of alarm will cause the battlefield
to be illuminated like some vast the
atrc. and the kissing and suffering Of
the machine guns will begin at once
and men who only q few minutes be-
fore were resting IN the trenches are
called into action---a call which IL fire.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25
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1907 4 general widening and deepen
Ing took place. A number Of new
locks were erected-the Davis Lock
being completed In 1914. The Cana
dian Canal was completed In 1898.
During one year the tonnagv Of the
SAUL Ste Marie Canal was nearly
eighty millions. or four times that Of
the Suez Canal.
The Cape Cod Canal II an ARTIFICIAL
channel connecting Buxxard's Bay with
Barnstabie Bay 1t Sandwich. Massa-
chusetts. IT saves shipping from Long
Island to Boston ana other New Eng
land points about seventy miles. the
greater part Of which IL rough water
and an ocean graveyard for ships
During the period from 1s43 to 1903
more than ten thousand vessels were
wrecked In the region Of Nantucket
shoals. and about seven hundred lives
were lost The canal II q sea level
one and II thirteen miles from bay to
bay.
The history Of the latest ship canal
Mt Panama Is too " ell-known to need
repetition here. sufflce It to say that II
has taken Its place among the great
canals Of the world and stands out a.
q monument to the energy and brains
Of the American engineer.
Boat Canals.
OF the boat canals. the Chesapeake
and Ohio II perhaps the oldest and
originated In = project formed BY
George Washington ~ early ~ l77A
to make the Potomac navigable from
tidewater to Cumberland. Maryland
and to connect BY common roads with
the affluehts Of the Ohio west Of the
Alleghenies. The War Of the Revolu-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25


known and the boats were hauled up
inclined planes by the aid Of capstans
and made to slide down a paved track.
1t is said the lock was the invention
OF two italian engineers In 1881. but
the honor Of the Invention is also
claimed by Holland as canal locks
were used by the Dutch as well as In
Italy at that period.
Important Ship Canals
The most important artificial wa
terways Of the world which may be
properly called ship canals are a. fol-
lows:
The sues Canal. begun in 1855 ana
completed ten years later.
The Cronstadt and st. Petersburg
Canal, begun in 1877 ana completed
in 1890.
The Corinth Canal. begun In 1854
and finished In 1898.
The Manchester Ship Canal. COM
pleted in 1894.
The Kaiser Wilhelm Canal. connect
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25
their last on earth.
Personal And Impcrsonal.

ACISohai Anu sOHhnih
The difference between day and
night fighting might be described as
impersonal by day. and personal
even intimate. by night.
During the day the big guns Of
each side hurl tons of explosives over
the field. but the targets OF each can
he seen but dimly through the gray
mists Of the short winter days. and
neither side Is sure of the havoc OF
their cannons. This Is impersonal
warfare. Night, however. changes all
this, for the big guns are silent and
the men engage In hahd to hand COM
bats on mo mans land" between the
trenches. This is personal warfare.
for there the soldier sees his adversary
clash
Trench Raids.
The long dark nights are IDEAL for
what Is known as trench raids". Very
little Is said IN the ofYicial reports of
the nocturnal conflicts between the
men. yet hundreds have been killed
or made prisoners by this mode OF
warfare where the men use the mos.
primitive methods. often pounding
each other with hammers or stabbing
the enemy with a dirk This Is in
innate warfare. The scientists Of the
different warning nations seem deter
mined that the soldier man shall not
rest and have invented diabolical
lighting devices which search out
every living thing within a radius OF
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25
The Most Important Ones Both In Europe and
America Their Part In the Development Of
the Natural Resources Of the Country and
Their Commercial Value To the PEOPLE.
Copyright, 1917 BY The International Syndicate

NOpyII8uts &S1t. py Aue
- YER since man was q trading
L. individual waterways-artifcia
waterways. have been ono Of tho
Dmeans by which he carried his
products 10 other and perhaps better
markets. Such modes Of transporta-
ton were used by the ancients as tar
sack a. history records. and even
among the ruins Of departed peoples
and lost civilization there are traces
OF canal system.
Canals Before The Christian Era.
Long before the Christian Era
canals were used n . means OF navi-
CATION by the Assyrians. Egyptians
and Hindus. ~ the royal canal of
Babylon was built about 800 years b.
c. The Chinese engaged In canal
construction In the thirteenth CEN
fury when they built one to connect
the Yang-txe-kiang and the Pet-ho-
a canal six hundred and nifty miles In
length composed largely Of canalixed
vers. In those days locks were un-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-25

tlon and later washington's elAoe
to the Presidency prevented him -
carrying out his scheme ana 4
for the time abandoned. Howsvog
1850 such . canal was compleGo1
the cost Of $11.ooo.ooo. II runs 6
Cumberland to Georgetown-A
lance Of one hundred and sishty-e
miles. and II always alive With
fashioned canal boats towed b. Uu&M
The Erie Canal. which connects
Hudson River at Albany ana 4X2
with Lake Eric 1T Buffalo. y e.
hundred and sixty-three mI1on
length. It's construction was du4
the energy Of Dewitt Clinton. ls
begun In 1877 and completed u
at tho cost Of nearly eight min
In 1900 there was . demand oo&
increasing capacity for this c41S
order that boats or>barges of
one thousand to twelve hundre4
priation Of $1ol. oo0.0 to cove
cost Of deepening and sxtenAin6S
canal system. Tho new part elS
waterway became the New YofES
Barge Canal. There are thilx
locks on the new barge canal.
City Of Oswego there 10 what y ~
~ . siphon lock-the drst ~ tt
built In America.
Any number Of smaller canal1
by boats carrying freight miGi
mentioned. but space will hot r.
sufI1cs Il to say. that canals ~
tho reduction Of the price Of -
making cheap freight ratoa
farmer ana the consumer both r
By these man-built waterway
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16
BETTER MAIL SERVICE

Beginning with Monday Of this
week, the freight train on the Benton
vile branch Of the Frisco will carry
mail between Rogers and Grove and
for all immediate points. This will
be d great convience as heretofore
when the morning trains were late.
the Bentonyille passenger train did not
wait and the county seat did not get
their morning mail until the evening
train. Hon. J n Tillman took the
matter up with the post office depart
ment and secured the additional SER
vice-Rogers Democrat.
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16

day.
Dane Smith of Zion is spending a
few Gays with his Aunt Mrs. Bud
Jones.
Mr. and Mrs Tom Ralston Of Spring
Creek, spent Monday with w. NJ. Raj
ston and family
Mrs. Ida Stewart Of Pitcher, OKLA.
is visiting a few days with NJ. l..
Flemming and family.
T. ]. White, has been very poorly
since our last report with pleurisy, but
is better at this writing.
Newt. White of Lowell visited Sat
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16
SILENT GROVE

Allen Holland is also worse with
rheumatism
Born 70 Mr. and Mrs. Bud Jones
January 10th a son
Born to Mr. and Mrs. Allen Holland
January 9th daughter.
Mrs. Neal Phillips is numbered with
the sieh at this writing.
Mrs. W. M. Ralston and youngest
daughter, Edith have the pneumonia
Uncle Jonathan Smith had had ano-
ther bad spell with rheumatism since
we wrote but seems to be eettine
along little better today mon
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16
OAK GROVE
-fRenton County

Denton County,
Mrs. GoWden was some better the
latter part of this week.
F. NJ. Robbins went to Bentonville
ON business Thursday
Miss Vernon Insco is visiting her
sister Mrs. NJ c. Morris Of Cave
Springs.
Sen Wilson gave a musical party
Tuesday night Of last week which was
enjoyed by large crowd.
Mrs Frank Sanders of Oklahoma
City came in Saturday to attend the
funeral of her mother Mrs. Bud Wal
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16

urday night and Sunday with his par
ents Mr.. and Mrs T. J. White.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Burch visited
Sunday afternoon with the formers
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Jim Burch Of
Lowell.
Mr.. and Mrs Albert Graham Of
Wager, visited Saturday night and
Sunday with Mr.. and Mrs. John
Cooper.
NJ. L. Flemming and w NJ Ralston
have built a house on the 20 acre farm
near the Phillips mill and Mr.. and Mrs.
Jack Burch will move into the house
this week
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16

Organdy.
LongclOth.
NainsOOk.
India LinOn.
Crinkles Crepes.
Fancy Novelties.
Linen Suitings.
Linen Sheeting.
Cambria.
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16

A seald burn, or severe cut heals
slowly if neglected The family that
keeps a bottle of BILLIARDS SNOW
EMINENT on hand is always pre-
pared for such accidents Price 25c,
soc and $1.00 per bottle. Sold by j.
Z. joyce Drug Co.
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16
drip who died Feb. 8tfl.

drip who died Feb 8ta.
Grandpa Highfill is very poorly at
this writing, all Of his children were
called to see him the past week
Some from here went to Cave
Springs Sunday to attend a birthday
dinner given for Mrs. Cal Morris one
Of our old neighbors.
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16

Muslin Sheeting.
Table Linen.
Pillow Tubing.
LaceS.
Embroidery.
White Quilts.
Towels.
Muslin Underwear.
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16

WE HAVE FOR THE PAST SEVERAL. YEARS. GIVEN
YOU SPECIAL SALE ON WHITE GOODS. WITH THE EX-
TRAORDINARY CONDITIONS OF THE MARKET THIS
YEAR WE BELIEVE IT WILL PAY YOU BETTER THAN
EVER TO ATTEND THIS SALE. THERE WILL BE A
GREAT MANY LINES OFFERED MUCH CHEAPER THAN
WE CAN OFFER THE LINES LATER IT HAS BEEN
EARLY AND QUALITY BUYING THAT HAS PUT Us
WHERE WE CAN OFFER THE GOODS AT THE PRICE.
WE HOPE YOU WILL ATTEND THIS SALE, FOR WE
WILL DO OUR DEAD LEVEL BEST TO GIVE YOU THE
BEST MERCHANDISE THAT CAN BE HAD AT PRICES
PAID. WE WILL PLACE ON SALE AT SPECIAL PRICES
EVERYTHING IN WHITE GOODS.
The Springdale news., 1917-02-16

White Goods.
White Suitings.
French Percale Suitings.
GLASGOW Suitings.
Pique.
Gabardine.
BatiSte.
ViOle.
FlaXOn.