davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-04-05

leisure to devote to community prob
lens. They could be the real leaders
and could do a tremendous amount Of
good in building up rural institutions
such as the country church the u
try school and good roads and ere
ating an interest in beautiful land
scapes-by orgaizing cooperative as
aociations for selling and buying. and
by getting country people TO work to
gether through their leadership. In
stead. persons Of such potentialities
move 10 the city where they are con-
stantly at cross purposes with those
city-born and city4bred.
Something must be done to check
this city-ward movement. Such men
must be kept on the land as leaders
In the biggest business In which Uncle
Sam Is Observation-Disclosures Because
tenants are not landowners and are
more or less migratory, they are not
Interested In the protection of the
natural and fertility out of which flu
ture generations must be fed, nor do
they desire 10 invest in good schools,
churches. roads, or any improvement
for rural uplift because of their indie
finite tenure. Just as long as national
agriculture is dominated by such a
class n cannot expect to reduce the
cost Of living, nor to keep it from
soaring to still greater heights. Under
such circumstances efficiency Of agri-
cultural production will retrograde
rather than progress. = =
II is the belief of those who have
studied this question most clearly that
the only way by which an ideal coun-
try life condition can be reached is
through education. AS effective an
education must be provided for the
children of the country as is now
available for city children, and to
make this possible the cooperation OF
city folk as well as those of the coun-
try Will be required.
To effect this result leaders are
needed. broadly trained men and wo-
men who are willing to devote thelr
lives to this work. The school Is the
institution through which they will be
able to render the most effective ser
vice. Because of its democratic nature
and its public support, 1t represents
the whole community. The church
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-04-05

too frequently, represents only its
members, and the grange or other
farmers club, It's own patrons. The
school, however. is OF vital concern to
every individual in a neighborhood.
Throughout the years. the rural
schOol-house has been the emblem of
Americas pioneer civilization. Yet
rural education has lived up to its
opportunities I'm only a few rare in
stances. and the little-progressive
rural education found I'm this country
can be stimulated by a system, for
example. like that Of Denmark's,
which country. in the last fifty years,
has accomplished the greatest rural
uplift the world has ever known . .
Tho schools in the rural commun-
tiles. with but few scattering excep-
tions. do not prepare their children
for life today as well as they did forty
years ago. During this time many
eNpedients copied from city school sys-
TENS have been tried to improve their
general plan of efficiency. But in
spite OF all. the general trend of rural
school efficiency has been downward.
Local ambition and short s~ightedness
have brought about division of dis
tricts until limited tax areas can no
longer support strong teachers. While
the rural teacher of half century ago
was devoted TO the interests of rural
life and was. comparatively speaking,
the scholar and leader in the COM
munity.
Today more than so per cent of the
rural teachers in the United States
are women; a large majority OF them
without any deep-seated interest in
rural conditions or aspirations, or
ability in rural leadership. Their ten
ure OF service in one community is too
brief to make any real contribution
to the general uplift and they receive
an average annual salary scarcely
above $500. This 500 to $3.50 less
than the average laboring man in this
country receives. and $500 less than
the average rural teacher in the
schools OF Denmark. Fifty-eight and
o~ne-fourth per cent of the children In
the public schools of the United States
today are being educated in one
teacher schools. Only a minority of
these children will ever have more
than a rural school education.
The situation is somewhat improved
ia a few consolidated schools and
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-04-05
Farm TENANCY ~ DIsAs-
TR0US TO RURAL PROGRESS

w. NJ. Jardine, dean Of agriculture,
University of Kansas. sounds a warn
ing that should claim the attention OF
all students. The fact that Mr.. Jar
dine ia an Idaho boy. born and reared
in Oneida county. should lend addi-
tional interest TO the reading Of bis
splendid address.
Land values In America ave risen
100 per cent or more In the past two
decades due 10 the fact that the land
most suitable for farming has been
taken up while the government no
longer possesses really valuable farm
ing lands open TO settlements Farming
during the same period has been prof
table 10 those who have operated ac-
cording TO approved methods and
nearly all OF these farmers have been
able TO retire from active work after
ten 10 twelve years OF farm practice.
Land exploitation and rising land val
ues have developed fortunes for others
without occasioning the actual tillage
OF the soil by the owners. These
forces have produced the absentee
landlord. The most capable farmers
In the last twenty years have retired
20 the city there TO enjoy superior
educational and social advantages for
themselves and their families, and
have turned their farms over to the
management Of tenants.
With the advent Of the absentee
landlord and the tenant-farmer has
come a di"sintegration OF the hearty
and cheerful community life OF the
early days. The social and commun-
lty activities OF the country people
compare ever less favorably with
those Of city dwcllers than they did a
few decades ago. Many rural com
munities have lost their social coher-
ence. The country church does not
afford adequate satisfaction, and social
life Is barren and often unwholesome.
The farm produces 81 per cen OF
the raw material for feeding and
clothing the American population. II
supports almost half OF her citizens.
and nearly half Of the children Of the
United States are born and reared In
rural districts. How can the lives OF
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-04-05

the l~and-owning farmers family be
made less solitary fuller OF oppOrtun
ity. freezer from drudgery, more com
Portable. happier. and more attractive,
so that the natural increase IN country
population Will be content TO become
farm owners and to live the farmers
life? Simply TO make farming more
profitable will not accomplish this
end, for statistics clearly show that
the movement of population from tho
farm to the city is largest In those
agricultural sections enjoying tho
greatest prosperity. While It is abso-
lutely necessary that the business of
farming be made more profitable.
there must come hand-in-hand with
this improvement, equal opportunities
for social enjoyment and satisfaction.
Ia order to keep prosperous farmers
does not concern farmers alone, but
the whole nation.
Early Americans did vol intend that
their nation should ever have a tenant
class. The assumption ON which the
national ideals we're built was that
Americans should be a land-owning
people. II the United States is to
establish and maintain a permanent
leadership, IL is OF vital Importance
that these earlier ideals be main
tanned. But today a tenant problem
as difficult as any in the world con
fronts this country. AT the present
time over 40 per cent OF the farms in
the United States: SO per cent OF the
farms OF Kansas and 20 per cent OF
the Colorado farms are operated by
tenants and the percentage is annually
increasing. In some states 20 per
cent or more OF the farms are thus
handled. The absentee landlord has
come to form a characteristic part OF
the life OF u towns and cities, and
his Influence upon municipal activi-
ties is such that Journalists. public
lists and others have expressed we'll
defined views as TO the retired farm
er's place and influence.
The people who have moved to the
cities are the very ones that should
be induced 70 stay in the country be-
cause usually they are the ones that
have succeeded, when they leave the
country they have just reached the
stage OF development whore they can
be OF greater service to country peo-
Pile. Their prosperity has given them
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-04-05

in general, are community leaders and
organizers. They are furnished com
Portable homes, with fuel and land for
garden, and are made real members
Of the communities in which they
work. They are influential factors in
the entire community life. y
When our rural education shall be
as properly and adequately reorgan-
lied, redirected and adapted to our
local conditions and needs as is Dem
marks; when u rural schools serve
the entire rural community and are
interested in and leaders of every
vital interest of the community: wban
tnese schools furnish as adequate and
equivalent educational Opportunities tn
country boys and girls as city schools
DO TO the boys and girls of our indus
trial centers; when these teachers az
rural leaders shall foster cooperation
and suitable social, cultural. economic.
and religious organizations, and shall
be instrumental in securing the proper
assistance and service of higher edu-
cational institutions, then. and not till
then, viii a most powerful means of
permanent rural growth be instituted
And rural decline means national de-
cline. Rural progress means national
progress.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-04-05

and satisfactory period of service as
assistcnt and substitute teachers.
Their annual salary, conseryatively
evaluated according to the purchasing
power of our dollar, varies from 5000
to 1880. A score or more years OF
tenure in II community is the rule.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
GRILL BY COMPANY S,
HOME DEFENSE LEAGUE
Has Membership of Nearly 200,
Composed Entirely of Rail
road Employees.

Company S of the Home Defense League
Rifles, with a membership of nearly 20
! composed entirely of railroad employ
gymnasium of the Railroad Y NJ c.
at the Union station. Maj Oliver
Phelps of the regimental staff OF the Home
Rifles officiated as drillmaster.
Maj. Phelps was assisted by Mai E, p.
Hazelton. also of the regimental staff,
and First Sergt. s. T. Knowles u s. A
George H. Winslow. secretary of the rail-
road branch of the Y. NJ c. A, is captain
OF the newly formed company.
Addresses were made by Capt. Arthur
- Hayes. Judge advocate of the Home
Rifles; Col NJ. A Winter, commanding
the rifles, and Maj. w. j. Wilson of the
regimental staff of the organization. Maj
ton Railway Terminal Company. Among
the spectators were Maj E. B. Hesse Of
the regimental staff and Capt Richard d
La Garde, u. S. A.
Four other companies of the Home
Rifles will hold drills tonight, while the
resimental band of the organization will
meet for practice. The companies sched-
uled to drill are Company A, Mai. Louis
c. Wilson, which will meet at AImas Tenn
pie Patrol headquarters, 1924 H street
Richard d. La Garde, L. S. A.. as drill
master: Company d, Capt. Ziba F. Bow
man: Company G, Capt. Thomas j. Gates
and Company P. Capt. John D. Simpson,
the three latter companies to be CONSOLE
dated in joint drill at tonight in the
drill hall of the Eastern High School 7th
and streets southeast, with First Sergt
s. 7. Knowles. U. S. A. as drillmaster
The regimental band, composed of about
forty pieces, Capt George A. Fischer. will
assembly hall of the Eastern High
School.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
WAR DELAYING WORK
ON THE KEY BRIDGE
Because of More Pressing Demands
Difficulty Is Experienced in Get
ting Necessary Material.

Although the difficulty of obtaining
the war. is delaying the construction
of the Key bridge across the Potomac
at Georgetown to replace the dilapi-
dated AQueduct bridge. Col. Fisk. the
engineer officer in charge. already has
accomplished considerable preliminary
work. For weeks past he and his as
sistants have been engaged in plan
ming methods of construction, acquir-
ing. the land necessary for the George
town approach, observing the river
currents. constructing Launching ways;
building the cofferdam frames and
preparing for the construction of the
abutment at the Virginia end. Sew
eral boats and lighters have been pur-
chased and ARRANGEMENTS have been
made to push the work of putting the
cofferdams in position in order TO per-
nit of the construction of the four
piers and the two abutments.
Because of the high bids submitted
by private contractors, the Army en-
eineers found it advantageous to un-
dertake the work themselves by the
ised that the work will be prosecuted
as rapidly as the bridge material can
be procured and weather conditions
will permit. While the work is under
way. every. precaution will be taken
to insure the safety of the old Aque-
duct bridge. as the indications are
that 1t will be long time before the
new bridge will be ready for use.
In a report to the War Department
Col. Fisk said that recent observations
while there was considerable vibration
of the structure, there had been no
special change in the alignment or
elevation Of the piers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
CAPT. FRAZIER IS MAKING
TRUCK TRAIN RECORD
Washington Man Is in Command of
Quartermaster Corps
in Texas.

Friends of Capt. F. E. Frazier. United
States Quartermaster Corps. who have
been associated with him in the postal
service. win be glad to know that as
commander of a motor truck train he
has been establishing new Transports
ton records in Texas.
Capt. Frazier was formerly chief clerk
to First Assistant Postmaster General
hicles in the postal service. He left
Washington about a month ago with a
commission as captain in the Quarter
master Corps.
trucks are at Camp Logan, at Houston.
Tex. ready to go into service. They
are manned by fifty members of Com
pany No. IS. under command of Capt.
Frazier This company enjoys the dis
tinction of having made a most re-
markable truck train run from San
Antonio to Houston and its achieve
ment will stand out as one of the no.
table events in the army preparedness
campaign in Texas.
In the first place, the men were only
recently recruited. In the next place.
they overhauled their trucks in their
own park at San Antonio instead of
having the work done at the repair
shop. Then they started out on the long
run. compelled to rely upon their own
ingenuity. One or two bad places in
the road retarded the progress of the
train and two bridges gave the. com
pdHy Suite tTouUIc, out- dSiuc tHiS
there was little to break the monotony
of the trip. and the men made It as II
they were veterans in the service.
The motor truck company is the first
army unit to pitch its tents in Camp
Logan. For the present the trucks
will be used in hauling material to va
rious sections of the camp and later
they will convey supplies and provi-
sions to various company headquarters.
Capt Frazier is mighty proud Of his
mon and Cant r. w Charlton who
accompanied the train to Houston, de-
~Iares he has q right to be.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
Poor Germany

Old Kaiser Bill is bad enough ;
you must admit it's pretty tough
to have king like that; a man
SO arrogant and vain, with ego
tism so insane his head outgrows
his hat. 1t must be tough to
have a king who always says a
crazy thing when wisdom's in re-
quest, who was, before he took
his lance and started trespassing
in France. the universal jest. But
Kaiser Bill, with all his sins. his
withered arm and shriveled shins,
has points one may admire; his
heart is not entirely stone, and
people say they've heard him
groan DER all this blood and fire.
The load he carries is so great
he'll sink beneath it soon or late,
and he will cash his string; then,
if the Hohenzollern line be not
uprooted, stalk and vine, the
kron prinz will be king The
kron prinz. with the weasel face,
the runt of a deeaying race, the
wars prize also ran! When he
is monarch Germans will with
yearning think of Kaiser Bill,
who is at least man. Poor
Germany! To look ahead and
think that when your Wilhelm's
dead, this prinz will be on deck!
1t will be punishment severe for
all the woe you're causing here,
the ruin and the wreck.
WALT MASON.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
PICKETS FAIL TO KEEP
BANNERS ON DISPLAY
Crowd Tears Them Down as Fast as
They Appear at White
House.

White House pickets had another bad
afternoon yesterday. Four young wom-
en- endeavored to hoist banners at the
White House gates, but as soon as a
Kaiser Wilson" flag appeared down
1t would come. Crowds of men. women
and boys spent the afternoon watching
the fun. Most of the time the pickets
stood solemnly with their backs to the
White House fence endeavoring to look
dignified, with nothing but a wooden
staff in their hands. One picket sur
prised the crowd by producing a Sec
ond banner from beneath her skirt
when the crowd tore down her first
flag.
Miss Alice Paul complained Of rough
treatment from a sailor. She told the
police the bluejacket had endeavored
to tear purple and gold ribbon from
her shoulders and that she was drag
ged several feet.
Secretary Daniels has issued an order
warning Navy Department employees
against taking part in the picket dem
onstrations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF.

Miss Ellen NJ. Rugg is to address the
women of Cleveland Park on The Con-
servation of Meats" tomorrow after
noon at o'clock. Miss Riggs lecture
given at the John Eaton School, under
the auspices of the food conservation
board
of the A. NJ. E. Church of this district
is now in session Mr.. John w. Davis,
secretary of the 18th street branch Y.
NJ. C. A. will speak tonight: sacred
concert. Friday night: Sunday, 2:30
pm, joint mass meeting OF the Sun
day schools and leagues. Bishop j.
Albert johnson is expected to be pres
emit
Scientific demonstration of modern
canning methods will be given at the
Virginia avenue Fairgrounds. Virginia
avenue and 10th street southeast. to-
morrow and Saturday. from pm. to s
pm The demonstrations will be under
the auspices of the Housekeepers' AL
lance. working in cooperation with
the Department of Agriculture.
The Animal Rescue League has
moved to its new quarters at 349 Mary
land avenue southwest. The league has
been called upon to attend to many
abandoned household pets because Of
the departure of families during the
summer.
John F. Taylor. 9OS LIST street north
east, was knocked down by motor de-
livery truck near list and NJ streets
northeast yesterday and slightly hurt.
He was taken to Sibley Hospital
Maurice Heyman. 2211 WashinEton
circle. yesterday afternoon was bitten
on the leg by dog owned by Lizzie
HILL $50 New Jersey avenue. He was
IT, - 80
the dog when he was attacked.
Frank Jones. cOlOred, twelve years
old. 340e Sherman avenue, yesterday
afternoon was taken from an institu-
ton at Blue Plains to the Episcopal
Ear. Eye and Throat Hospital He es-
capped from the hospital and the police
we're asked to capture him.
.swiIiam Robi..on. eolored. fourteen
years old. 1917 4th street. was bitten
on the shoulder by a stray dog yes
terday while in front of 406 Washing
tou street He was taken to Home
opathic, Hospital
Justice Hits of the District Supreme
Court has granted an absolute divorce
to Allan T. Larner from Mamie E. Lar
uef. Attorney Chapman W. Fowler APP
peared for the husband
Frank C. Levin. 1428 F street, has
aSked the police to recover his seven
passenger automobile. and to locate his
miesing chauffeur. He said the chauf-
fer and car disappeared from his gar
aga Tuesday.
Nsas Kathleen N. Smith today was
named as secretary to Charles J. CO.
lunbus. secretary of the Retail Mer-
chants Association. Other persons who
have been recently added to the ONCE
force Of the association are Miss Mary
Beufer and Edward L. Fry.
.Sults were instituted today against
the Washington Railway and Electric
Company by Mr.. and Mrs William R.
Walton to recover damages aggregat-
tng $4,000 for personal injuries claimed
- have been received as a result of the
negligence of the company. The decla-
ratfons. nled by Attorneys Wilton J.
Lambert and r. H Yeatman assert that
June the ra1tons were passengers on
Q car which ran into another car near
Glen Echo. Md. Mr. Walton says he re-
eeved severe injuries to his leg and
back. and that his wife was also in
tured as a result of the collision.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
PLENTY OF HARD CRABS.
But Losses in Shipment Keep Prices
at Top Notch.

Hard crabs. the dealers say, are being
received at the wharf market in in
creasing quantities and the steamers
from the lower river bring about $50
barrels on each trip. Hot weather and
other causes. however. is causing heavy
losses of crabs, and when the barrels
are gone over on their arrival here
from 80 to so per cent of the crabs are
dead and have to be thrown away.
Prices keep up and crabs this season
are selling higher than for many years.
Good fat crabs sell at about So hun
dred. and from that price they decrease
to SIPS a hundred for the less desirable
ones. The crab season is now at its
height. and until within the past two or
three years it was not at all uncommon
for the dealers at the wharf each to
receive a hundred or more barrels at
this time of year sold as low as so
cents barrel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
BRIDGE DELAY ENDED.
Filing Completed and Draw May
Now Be Kept Closed.

The driving of piling and other work
on the tenders in the draw of the
Highway bridge has been completed.
and it will not again be necessary to
keen the draw open during the hours
of the early morning. when traffic over
the bridge is at its minimum Much
work yet remains to be done on the
timber work about the draw of the
ridge and the piledriyer will work
here for the next two or three weeks.
Much of the timber work of the
aw is to be rebuilt and the work
n are now employed in tearing out
.e portions to be renewed. Vessels
..triking against the tenders and rub
hing it as they pass through the draw
make their rebuilding necessary every
few years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
MELONS ARE CHEAPER.
Demand Drops With Supply and
Price Is Of a Bit

Vessels laden with watermeIons con-
rhue to arrive at the 18th street wharf
market daily. but IT is stated that the
recent arrivals are not bringing as
heavy cargoes as did those arriving
early in the week
The FIRST rush for Homegrown melons.
II - stated, Is now over. and the de-
mand has Stacked on somewhat. AS a
CONSEQUENCE prices for the highest
GRADES Of fruit have dropped on about
- on the hundred. selected melons SELL
ing about $40 a hundred. Little change
Is to be noted in prices on the less
desirable grades of the fruit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-16
HONE DEFENSE GUARD DRILLS.
Fifth Precinct Organization Also
Hears Addresses.

a meeting and drill of the Home De-
tense League of the fifth precinct was
heid Tuesday evening in the gymna-
SUM of Eastern High School Ad-
dresses were made by Capt. William E.
t Lsckett. odeil s. smith, and C. H.
MT. Smiths address was along pa
tr1otic lines. while Mr.. Markward Stoke
IN behalf of the fund for which the
base ball game Is to be played Labor
Day. Maj. Pullman. superintendent Of
boiice. was present and spoke briefly
Col C. v. Sayers, U. S. A.. assisted NV
capt Luckett and Lieut. Gladman, con-
Quoted the drill The following men
we're elected to membership in the
company: J. r. r. Burns. ]. ID. Kinna-
mart. Charles c. Burke and Earl Cor
don-