davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07

Photo From Red Cross Magazine.
OF RED CROSS TENT.
milton or national standing. 1t first
impressed itself upon the notice of the
country by its relief work at the Johns
town flood in 1889. When the Spanish
wal broke out it was still outside the
government and not organized or pre-.
pared along military lines. In 1904
Miss Mabel T. Boardman became the
head of it. Her indefatigable work
caused congress in 1905 to give the or
ganization a federal charter and desig-
nate it as the official relief organization
of the United States of America. 1t is
the only organization permitted to give
volunteer aid to the victims of war,
Other institutions seeking the work of
humanitarian service in time of war
must do it through the Red Cross.
The organization is twofold in sew.
eral particulars and therefore not
quickly understood by the public. II
is both official and private in its char.
acter-that is, the government has
adopted it officially as the auxiliary
val relief service. The president OF
the United States by law is also presi.
dent of the Red Cross. The comptrol.
Ter of the currency is it's treasurer
It's accounts are audited by the wal
department, and it's annual reports are
addressed to congress.
Yet the government does not finance
the Red Cross. On occasions congress
has voted contributions of money to
it. Congress helped to build the new
building, for instance. But the great
volume of it's funds spent for relief
work is contributed by private indi-
yiduals. In times past most of It's
cash has come in the form of gifts,
less than 80 per cent of its receipts be-
ing from membership fees. But with
the ~quickened interest in the Red
Cross the membership fees are becom-
ing an important source of revenue.
In time of war the Red Cross acts
as the auxiliary to the medical and
nursing services-the sanitary services,
as they are called~of the army and
navy. 1t is a case of the auxiliary be
ing greater than the thing aided. Many
doubtless wonder why the army and
navy do not maintain their W hos
pital services on an adequate scale.
The answer is that 1t has been found
to be more efficient and less costly to
give this task over to the Red Cross.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07
THESE MEN MUST
" HAVE OUR BEST
Chairman Cavison's Appeal For $500
100000 For the Red Cross.

In his remarkable appeal for 500,
100000 Henry p. Dawson, chairman
of the Red Cross War Council, said il
part:
I'VE ask for 500, 100000. 1t is q
large sum of money; but, believe me
the people of this country are not only
going to supply that one hundred mil
lion, but a very great deal more. = :
Hundreds of American doctors and
nurses are already at the front. A
force of $4,000 American engineers will
soon be rebuilding the railroads OF
France. Upward of 25,0O0 American
men are now on the battletields of Eu'
rope fighting as volunteers in the al
lied armies. Soon 25,000 American reg,
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07

Thousands of these remained for days
In extreme agony, uneared for. Thou
sands of them died for want of care.
1t was one Of the supreme horrors of
all history.
1t happened that a Swiss, Henri Du-
nant, went upon this battlefield and
saw these dying, neglected men. He
told about it so wildly that the nations
of the world decided that 1t was time
to take this atrocity out of war. The
treaty of Geneva in 1868 for the first
time provided for the immunity of
medical and nursing services In battle,
and the sign of that immunity was to
be a red cross. And from that author
ization has sprung the great interna.
tional order of mercy-the Red Cross.
The United States did not adopt the
Geneva treaty until 1882. From then
until the year 1900 the Red Cross was
a struggling organization, largely a
private charity, without official recog.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07
+
I HOlR0RSOF WAR

Remarks by Ian Malcolm, M. p, Rep
Hresentative of the British Red Cross
With the British Mission, Made In
Washington, .. c., May "a, 1917, to
Delegates From American Red Cross
Chapters.
In France and Flanders, you come
nearest still to the true agony of the
situation. How a | describe it?
Think of the worst earthquake, of the
worst floods that have scourged and
shocked you here at home, multiply
the horror of your impressions a hun
dred fold, and you will come neal to
the horrors of the Marne and the Aisne.
Multiply them "a thousand fold and
you will realize the ferocity of ar
mage at the battles of the Ancre and
the Somme.
Multiply them two thousand fold and
that is the picture of misery and pain
and death after the great battles on
the plains of Russia and in the noun
tains of Persia and the Caucasus.
Think of the ruin by floods in Flan-
ders, with the stencil of thousands of
carcasses, human and animal, poison
ing the atmosphere for miles around
for those who must stay day and night
In the trenches. Think of the devasta-
ton by fire in France, where villages
and woods and broad pasture lands are
utterly wiped out of existence, not q
house nor a church nor a tree left
standing where once there were thou
sands of families living in a condition
as prosperous and happy as anywhere
in the world. Then turn your minds
to the picture of some great engage
ment. Try to conceive long trenches
of men writing in torture from poi
sonous gas or from liquid flame, of
soldiers smashed and disfigured by
shell wounds, their decorations indie
scribable as their heroism is u%ndaunted.
Leave the trenches and retire behind
the firing line with me. Here we are
on roads lined with men on stretchers,
some dead, scores MORALLY wounded,
hundreds upon hundreds of casualties
in n o. another degree of collapse.
The middle of the roadway is filed by
OOZShS VI dluDuldlCeS dlleT every dC-
ton. There is perhaps a mile length
of hospital trains waiting in a siding
to convey the wounded to base hos
pitfalls. And all this purgatory of pain
is dependent for relief upon the skill
of our doctors, the tenderness of u
nurses, the efficiency of our equipment,
all of which means, and is dependent
upon, the generosity of the public.
May l not take it for granted that
just as the fighting manhood Of the
United States is soon to be with us in
the trenches so you of the Red Cross,
who have done so much for us in the
past, are o eager to be modified in
the allied army of mercy and of char
ity that is almost divine. l assume
that your organization is coming with
us in increased numbers and with in
creased equipment, if necessary, to the
mountains above and around Saloniki,
to the plains of Egypt, to East Africa,
to the waterless wastes of Mesopo-
tamia, u tears and triumphs mingling
beneath the shadow of the Red Cross
flag.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07

ulars will be added to their number.
All our national guard is to be mobil.
lied, our regular army is to be recruit
ed to full strength, and 100000 Other
men are shortly to be called to the col
ors. Within a few months we should
and will have in service an army OF
100000 and a navy of 10000 men
'"These men must have of our best
To prepare against their needs In ad.
anc will be a stupendous task which
the Red Cross must undertake. Doc.
tors, nurses and ambulances must be
made ready. Vast quantities of hospt
tai stores, linen, bandages and supplies
Of every kind must be prepared, and al
nee If we wait it may be too late
When we ask our own SON and broth.
ers to fight for our liberty 5000 miles
from home in a country already sore
and afflicted, surely we cannot do less
than prepare to take care of them in
their day Of suffering"
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07

CIT is not for the
men in the trench
es that l feel the
greatest pity, much as
their terrible and he
roic suffering stirs my
heart. l am moved
most by the plight of
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07
SECRETARY BAKERS PLEA
FOR THE RED CROSS

i. We are separated from the
+ actual scene of this conflict by
i. thousands of miles of sea. Our
i. losses in it have as yet been mi
X nor. We r entering the war
X in the firm belief and purpose of
i. ending it in a victory for right,
X and we have not the slightest in
X tention of stopping until that vic
+ tory is achieved. = y 4
!. / think if anybody would ask
X me how much he ought to give
/. to the Red Cross at this time |
X would say, "All you have"
4 That is a counsel of perfection,
+ 1 know, but then it would not be
X enough. l understand the war
4. council has set itself the task of
i. raising $100,000,O00. That may
!. sound to some like a large
+ amount, and yet this war is cost
!. ing in actual money every day
i. from $60,000,0O0 to $4,000, 900
+ and in human life from 10000 to
+ $4,000 of those who are killed In
!. actual warfare, without count
X ing those who starve and die of
+ disease.
+ The Red Cross of the United
1. States of America has set itself
I. the great task of raising for, n
+ might say, cosmic philanthropy,
+ a sum equal to the destruction
+ which the a entails in a day
+ Newton ID. Baker.
+
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07

supremacy practical. The future vel
fare of these warning peoples depends
on IL giving prompt AID to these chill
dren and their mothers. We must do
it amply, and we must do it right.
II suppose l feel this phase of the
iced more keenly because of the many
friends l have scattered through Eu-
rope. They are constantly writing me
graphic letters describing the needs of
those people and begging us to do
something for then."
l happened to know something of the
effect of these letters judiciously pass
ed around by Mrs. Draper among her
many wealthy friends in this country.
Through these indirect appeals Mrs.
Draper has been able to turn over to
Red Cross headquarters many large
gifts of money and countless supplies.
For instance, a group of five of her
Brooklyn friends have given her the
privilege of spending 100000 a year
for this work, besides hundreds of
thousands of dozens of pairs of the
best socks that can be purchased.
Here's a letter from a friend in
Servia, the little country we're so like
ly to overlook in our earnestness about
France and Belgium" she went on.
Their army has no reserves. Last
fall at Monastir the same men fought
for one hundred consecutive days with
out relief. They were most meagerly
clothed and fed, and, hardest of all,
not one of them knew whether his wife
and children were alive or, if living,
where they were. Thousands upon
thousands of peasant women and chill
dren in Servia have 10 source of food
and clothing but the army and the Red
Cross.
Thousands of these sufferers live
right in the war zone, many of them
actually in the zone of fire. The army
has done its best to help them, but
the army has only bread and meat to
give, and a little of that. The indi-
viduals and scattering relief agencies
that are seeking to help are almost
hopelessly handicapped by lack of ma
~terials, workers or transportation. One
of the most useful things we can do
is to send automobiles to the Red Cross
workers in Servia."
The following extract from this let
ter summarized the needs:
The big cry is for the women and chill
dren. Most of the children are little girls.
SO that means plain, simple, warm gar
ments which can be worn by peasants who
have been used to wearing heavy home
spuns. The foods required are beans, tea,
fats, sugar, cocoa and condensed milk.
Sweetened condensed milk is not desirable.
The best timed milk used on any of the
fronts is just the straight timed milk
without either condensation or sweetening.
1t ought to be possible to send plenty OF
raisins and prunes from the United St@tes.
Those Servian women and children have
no fruit item in their diet, and they
need it.
At the same time the letter told OF
som sadly misguided efforts of private
individuals, such as sending pink silk
lingerie to Macedonian peasant women
One box opened for distribution there
contained five suits OF mems full even
ing dress and three sets of false teeth.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07

Red Cross In a Palace.
The Quirinal, famous royal Italian
palace, transformed into a hospital for
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07
Little Ones and Women Main
Sufferers In War.
SCENES BEHIND TRENCHES
Thousands of Homeless Right In War
Zone, Many Actually In Zone of Fire.
Almost Every Mile In One Section of
France a Land of Desolation.
BY &. A. MoREE

Former Director of the Atlantic DivI-
sion of the American Red Cross.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07

those behind the lines and in the dev-
astated territory, women, aged men
and little children, left in cold blood
unprotected and dying by the hundreds
of thousands from exposure and starya-
ton"
Mrs. William r. Draper, the treless
vice president of the New York coun-
ty chapter of the Red Cross, made this
reply to my request that she tell me
something of what seemed to her the
most interesting phase Of Red Cross
work at present.
'It's comparatively easy" she said.
"for a well fed man to face swift death
in the excitement of battle. It's an
other matter for the mother who lies
on the sidewalk of a wrecked and de-
serted village, her starving children
around her, and watches an agonizing
death approach by inches. So much
for sentimental pity! But that should
not be the main motive. We must be
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07
Bed Cross at the Front.

This photograph shows only part OF
the nurses, surgeons. etc, of Presby.
terrain base hospital unit No. 2. now
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1917-07-07
SOIferlnO's Horrors Inspired
Henri Dundnt to Urge Reform.
TREATY OF GENEVA MADE
American Red Cross First Impressed
the World With Its Work at the
Jamestown Flood-President of the
United States Also President of the
Red Cross.

TIME battle of Sol
ferino occurred
in 1859. 1t went
ON for several days.
In that time 10000
wounded men lay on
the field-Frenchmen,
Italians and Russians.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-03-21
BOARD TO SUPERVISE THE
 SALE OF NEWS PRINT PAPER
To Be, Named as Soon as Priee-Fixins
 Pool is Arranged.

Washington, March co.-The federal trade commission plans to supervise the sale and distribution of news print paper through a board which will rep resent all interests concerned.
 The board, to be named as soon as price-fxing pool proposed by the man ufacturerS finally is arranged, will comprise five members, one each from the manufacturers. jobbers. large pub fishers, small publishers and the trade commission The trade commission representative will operate the pool from offices in New York. Other mem bers of the board will serve in an ad- visory capacity, and their powers will be purely ministerial.
 Manufacturers who have been ac- cused of intimidating publishers into remaining out of the price fixing agreement have. it is understood. as- sured the commission that. if there has been an ynitimidation subordinates have been responsible, and that officers of the companies themselves have not cOuntenanced it.
 Members of the trade commission just back from New York. where they urged on publishers the necessity for strict economy in the use of news print paper. say the war situation threatens new condition. in which the news-print demand threatens to outstrip production. The balance has been extremely close for the last year
Norwich bulletin., 1917-03-21
WOMEN TO BE ENLISTED
 IN THE AMERICAN NAVY
For Shore Duty in Connection With
 Coast Defense Work.

Washington, March 2O.-Secretary Daniels today ordered naval com mandants at shore stations and all re- cruiting offices to be prepared to en- list women in the actual naval service in case of an emergency.
 The judge advocate general has ruled that women can be enlisted under the laws regulating recruiting.
 While it is not intended to place wo- men aboard ships, they may be utiliZ- ed for shore duty in connection with coast defense work.
 Grades corresponding to the yeoman class will be given to those qualifying as stenographers, clerks, typists, or similar positions. Training in camps a number of which have been organiz- ed under the auspices of the Navy League, also will be recognized by navy officials as a factor in choosing the women recruits.
 Another grade of work for which they may be designated is that of radio telegraph as other communication di- visions. Difficulty of obtaining men stenogTapherS and clerks for the navy from among the regular enlisted per- sonne1 caused the question of wo- men to be taken up. By filling the po- sitions on shore with women the de- partment expects in time of emergen- cy to relieve the men for fleet ser vice and sea duty.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-03-21

so important in this kind of warfare, were few.
 ''The new positions are laid out fin the best possible locations, with tho finest of observation points and deep concrete shelters for the battery posi- tions. While the enemy is coming up to them he will be in the greatest possible difficulties himself in the de- vastated battlefield.
 Forcing Destruction of France.
 T regret exceedingly that this force is forcing a great destruction of a beautiful part of France. Yet the de- struction is not so great as the de- struction inflicted by the British and the French on the Somme battlefield and when the entente refused our peace proposal it took the responsibl ity of this destruction upon itself. lt is a war measure. We are compelled to meet the big offensiYe the entente had planned. We have destroyed noth- ing except out of mi i.itary necessity. We have saved every: ing we could.
 No WiIfuI Destruction.
 We did not wish to destroy homes or other structures winch offered no military advantage to The enemy. but we had to make battlefield out of the territory we were giV,Ig up, for in it fighting will take place and we could leave nothing in the hands of the en- emy. So we were forced to destroy
 roads, railroads, wells, buildings of value for military purposes. depota, even whole cities. It has been hard. too, for the French Population. but that is the fault of their government. All the men of military age we took back with us The remainder we have
 turned over to their countrymen and | they are now in French hands. Fighting for Existence. "I know we will be accused again of barbarism, but we are lighting for our existence. We were compelled by the refusal of the entents 10 make peace | to defend ourselves against their promised offensive. We have done eV- erything we could to avoid needless suffering. but what happens is their fault, not ours.
 ReshaPins Western Front Lines.
 We expect the enteEte to claim all | this as a great victory. They will say they recaptured these cities. They have not They have not won them by | battle. We are not moving back be- cause of enemy pressure but we are l reshaping the western front lines SO that we will have an aggressive initia- | tive. Just in this manner Won Hin denburg drew back the lines in Poland ! in the winter of 1914 to make possible Iarly we permitted the Rumanians to sweep across the Carpathians last
 summer that we might destroy their
 armies when they got out of their own lines.
 The Rumanian campaign shows
 what the possibilities of the present movement are. It is the only kind of strategy that can make possible e decision on the western. front"
Norwich bulletin., 1917-03-21
CUBAN LIBERALS WORKING
 FOR AMERICAN INTERVENTION
United States Forces There Have Not Not lnterfered With Civil Government.

Santiago, Cubt, March 15-(Corres- pondence of The Associated Press)- Liberals formerly high in governfne nent rank have begun an insiStent propa- ganda for American intervention
 Scrupulous care has been exercised by Captain Bel&nap commanding the American forces ashore here and at other points along the coast both on the north and south sides of the is- land, not to give the Cubans. the idea that the USited States government is interfering in their affairs.
 At every point the local authorities have been assured that the Americans are doing nothing more than affording protection, and that the conduct of all civil affairs remains with the Cuban people. Cuban police have continued their duties as usual. courts have con- tinued functioning, and American ma val officers have been punctilious in all their dealings with Cuban officials not to appear to be exceeding their author ity. In return they have been the recipients of appeals to induce the American government to authorize a more extended occupation of the is- land and a supervision of elections.
 President Menocal has issued a proclamation promising that certain special elections at certain points in this province will be held within ten days after the pacif1cation of Santia- go. Such promise if kept might serve to clear the record but the liberals taught at the suggestion that they will be given the opportunity for an un- intimidated vote.
 As cause for the rebellion they as- sert wholesale election frauds and the use of the military to intimidate yot- CTS in the provinces of Santa Clara, Camaguey and Oriente which in the past have been strongly liberal.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-03-21
BARON RoSEN'S ESTIMATION
 OF NEW RUSSIA GOVERNMENT
Composed of the Greatest and Most
 Distinguished Men.

Petrograd, March 20, 500 p. m., via London, March 21. 12.15 a m.-"Nev- CT since I have been in the service of the country has the government been composed, as at present. of men con- stituting the flower of the nation the greatest and most distinguished men in every respect
 This is the estimate of the new Rus sian government expressed to The Associated Press by Baron Rosen, the former Russian ambassador to the United States. One of the greatest benefits accruing as far as other na- tions, particularly the allies are con cerned, in the opinion of Baron Rosen, is the sweeping away of the element ness in the prosecution of the war.
 Tt will be realized now, as never before that Russia is not nominaIly, but is actually. fighting for freedom" :" he said.
 Baron Rosen likened the revolution ary movement to the burating of a darn "loosing the pent-up indignation of the country against the inequities of the old regime, which broke down cornpletely under the weight of it's own folly and incompetence.
 s,The thing to be done now" he con- tinued is to lead the overflow into safe channels. The situation is stiu full of danger but is gradually improving. In any case the effect upon the war can only be extremely favorable. in asmuch as it is sure to4sfnspire the edge that. they are actually fighting for a free country. The quick success of the movement was due to the fact that the whole country was absolutely unanimous in it's condemnation of the interior policy of the old government" :"