The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-03-02

Tho Aegean island of Chios is the
subject of striking communication
to the National Geographic society
from Ernest Lloyd Harris, q part of
which is issued as the following bulle-
tin:
"Chios, which is separated from the
mainland OF Asia Minor by the strait
of Chios, only four and a half miles
wide, has long been a bone of con-
tention between Turk ard Greek, and
during the earlier part of the nine
teenth century 1t was the scene of
some of the bloodiest tragedies known
to history.
las early as 700 b. G. it was one of
the richest and most important men,
bers of the Ionian union. 1t has dis
puted with Smyrna the honor of being
the birthplace OF Homer. When the
lonian cities rebelled against the Per-
sian yoke Chios manned and equipped
100 ships and sent them to the bat
tie of Lade. This stands for some
thing when we take into considera-
ton the fact that at that time-name-
ly, 494 B. C.-the population of the
Island numbered only 10000 freemeD
and 100000 slaves.
|. "Chios has been. In turn, Ionian, Per
sian, Athenian, Roman, Italian, Tur-
kish and finally, in 1913, after sep
aration of nearly 1890 years, it was
united once more to the parent coun.
| try, Greece. AS one may well i'm.
agine. little island of 318 square
miles which has changed masters so
many times necessarily must have
suffered much from the strife which
swept over it.
/ Twice has this island been visited
by terrible earthquakes. The first was
| away back In II A. D., and it was
only through the fostering care of the
Emperor Tiberius that the people were
able to make fresh start. The Sec
ond was In 1881, when the town of
Kastro was practically laid waste.
Mosques, churches and dwelling houses
disappeared into the bowels of the
earth, engulting no less than 5000 PEG.
pie. This earthquake visited the whole
island, and many beautiful and his
toric monasteries, some of which con.
tStAhSb pAiNCiCoO ODJSCNo VI ART, tuIudUIG
libraries and monuments of antiquity.
were completely lost.
But in spite of all these vicissitudes
Chios has also seen many happy days.
Even In the old days of the Ionian
union it was celebrated on account of
its commerce and industries, especially
for its native wine and the manufac-
fJrn of hodS cnfoc TTnS1ar
the island was ruled as an insular
province and enjoyed several hundred
years of almost unbroken peace and
/ prosperity.
"Chios' real troubles virtually began
with the Greek war of independence.
Somewhat against the will of the peo-
pie, the island became involved In this
, struggle and was visited by massacre
which appalled, humanity In 1922 the
captain pasta appeared before Kastro
with powerful feet and landed an
army of Moslems. who slaughtered In
the space of two months no less than
10000 Chians. while $1,000 were sold
into slavery. The entire island was
given over to pillage, and scarcely
village. church or convent was spared
the flames.
These acts of ferocity did not go un.
avenged. While the Moslems were raw
aging Chios the islanders of Psara and
Hydra were planning an attempt on
the Turkish fleet, which was lying i'm
the outer harbor of Kastro, just off the
Genoese citadel. The authors of this
bold strike were Constantine Canaris
and George Pepines. They arranged
two briggs as fire ships and manned
them with chosen band OF desperate
men.
'The lights hanging at the masts OF
the Turkish ships were 80 dim that
the Chians were enabled completely to
surprise the unsuspecting crew at
midnight. The brig commanded by
Canaris Immediately grappled with the
captain pasha's flagship and set it on
fire. Pepine was equally successful,
and another battleship went up In
flames. With shouts of Victory to the
CROSSE the old time war cry of Byzan-
tium, the islanders escaped In launch
which they had In tow without the
loss of a single man. Practically the
whole of the captain pasha's feet was
destroyed, and 2,300 lives were lost.
There Is an old Greek monastery
about an hours ride from Kastro
which is grewsome monument of this
period. Its walls and alcoves are faced
with the skeletons of the Chians mas
sacred in this neighborhood.
Zone of the chief products of Chios ia
gum mastic, an astringent which is
grown in the southern part of the
island. 1t Is used as a gum and also
distilled as liquid, which Is used
throughout the Levant as an appetizer
Immediately before meals. 1t Is an In
toxicant II used immoderately.
"One feature of the scenery Of Chios
Is the picturesque old windmills which
crown the ridges and slopes along the
coast. The wheels are of.very large d.
mansions and are fitted with sails,
which supply the motive power for
grinding corn. Owing to the possible
visitation of earthquakes. the houses
are rarely more than two stories high
and when scattered along the country.
side are usually surrounded by olive or