davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

By them the raising Of peaches as
business by the individual grower
would he = constant gamble with fate,
with the odds largely IN favor Of fate.
One instance of how business in
telligence can remedy an unsatisfactory
situation was shown LAST summer n
the action Of the head Of the develop
meut department Of a large trunk line
which ran through a peach growing
country in the Southwest. The pre-
vailin9 plan was for the grower 20 de-
liver his peaches 90 the nearest rail-
road 20 be shipped 20 some cons.gnee,
often as far away as Boston or New
York. The cons crcc rew.tted Tor the
peaches when sold. deducting freight
and other charges, commission ana
damage In transit These charges all
wavs seemed excessive 90 the grower.
and not infreQuently netted him a dead
loss. lie had nothing whatever 90 say
about the transaction and always "he.a
the bag
So this development director brought
the fruit growers 20 the peach growing
district. thus giving them the benefit OF
personal choice and selection, and ar
ranged to have the buyers pay the
growers. {. O. b.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
Propagandist for Return
OF the Manchu Dynasty

For, politically. Chang Hsun is to-
day, and has been ever since the re-
publican revolution, relentless prop
agandist for the return of the Manchu
dynasty. Body and soul, he belongs
TO the old regime, and to the worst
side of the old regime. Such power
as he holds in China to-day rests on
no respect for his character or his
policies. II rests on his possession Of
organized mob force in the shape of
what is by courtesy called his army,
but what is in reality horde Of rob-
bers and cutthroats, banded together
under his leadership only because Of
his constant qualification of their thirst
for plunder.
Historically he belongs to a class
cf military adventurers, ruthless, IL
literate reactionaries, who have
blotched a course all through Chinese
history Of outlawry and revolution.
Almost every dynasty has fallen at
their hands. Sometimes, in the great
days Of earlier times, they have been
the instruments of popular will against
corrupt autocracy. More often in
later times, however. their bitter and
bloody factional feuds have lowered
appreciably the level of Chinese civil
iZation. They have frustrated countless
dreams of Chinese statecraft; they have
time and again put back civil liberty
and self-respect and the whole prog
ress of the Chinese race. They are
the grim and still unremedied penalty
the Chinese as a whole have to pay
for having been so long a pacitist
people.
There is not much to tell about his
career. One dramatic story stands out,
however. Before 1900 he was not
heard Of. He had been born in the
Yangtse province Of Kiansi, Of which
the famous city Of Nanchang is the
capital, and had come up to the court
al Peking 20 seek his fortune. BY the
time OF the Boxer outIages ne had be
come court retainer and, whether
or not for his undoubtedly cordial
evrnrathv with the anti-foreign move
rent. during this significant period ne
was made a special attendant on the
Empress Dowager. Then came DIS
aster. and the food of allied troops
swept close 10 the gates OF Peking.
The Old Buddha had TO get away al
most overnight, so sudden and so
fierce was the surprise OF the avenglng
European soldiers. She escaped, but
She escaped by mighty narrow mar
gin.
II was Chang Hsun, 30 popular ru-
NOR has repeated ever since, VINO pro
vided that margin. They had her
stately Sedan chair all ready Tor her
tourney. man-borne vehicle WHICH,
as 10 afterward turned out, would sure
lv have been intercepted. 1t was
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

and weary with we'll doing, felt an
uncomfortable nausea; for had
friends in Nanking, and | could al
ready dimly see what they must go
through.
For | had seen Chang Hsun's army
they fought They wore the dirty ana
baggy dark blue of old China. nan OF
them still were firing their old-tash-
toned Krags from their hips; the rest
took hardly better aim. There were
even muzzle-loaders among theiI
weapons. and many cruelty curved old
Nonchu swords. Their officers desplsed
"tactics" cordially General Feng
commissioners they loudly derided--
men who used maps and took cover ana
shared the wounded. We they said
ssppoc;nctlv-"we fight" These men
wero real Huns-and they knew their
frightfulness. -.:...-
Tbev wore their queues ostentatious-
" in omen defiance even OF fuan
military order TO the contrary. Inc
lrere was China's last badge OF
seryitude to the Manchus; but Chang
Usun would not part with his ne mao
enc when | saw him), and he haunted
II then as he faunts 1t now as an en-
blem of defiant loyalty to the ia
Chang imperial line, which he stili
hopes to restore. ,...-.
In all. the Nanking reyolutionaries
withstood a hopeless siege for more
than six weeks. A boy Of twenty-ohe,,
A Shanghai newspaper writer nance
Ho Hai.ming, led them. Never more
than six or eight thousand strong
thew showed high qualities of valor
and resolution. They guarded every
point of the walls with fierce vigil
lance; they held Purple Mountain, out
side the walls till the last few days.
then il changed hands eight times pc
foro chang Hsun's soldiers of fortune
finally carried it for good. Meantime
the southerns, who had everything to
gain through reign Of loot and ter
ror, kept perfect order in the city;
lighted the streets by night, policedi
them both night and day, and paid
cash at the shops for what they got
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
H. Is an Iterae and Defiant Agitaor and Propagands
for Return of Manchu Dynasty Says Writer-Began
Career in Boxer Outrages Against Foreigners
Bv GARDNER l.. HARDING

the class of similar generals who still
control the Chinese army to-day. They
control it by each owning a portion.
There isn't, of course, under this ar
rangement any national army at all.
That is why there isn't any army 10
put down the present rebellion Of the
southern except the equally
factional armies.
Chang Hsun himself is the most
dangerous of all these generals, be-
cause he is the least responsive Of any
Of them TO new China, or TO civilian
China of any description. Naturally,
now that the more determined among
them have arisen 10 restore the old
order of things. Chang Hsun is their
leader II may be that he hasn't the
power that the incessant mention Of
his name in the current dispatches i'm
plies. Perhaps he is being used, as
he has been used before, as a stalking
horse for other mems ambitions. But
the fact that he is taking any major
part at all in the public affairs of the
Chinese republic is bad day for China
and an evil sign for the future.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

AYERS suddenly. June q. Henry W. be-
loved son Of Peter and Josephine G.. Ayers
(nec Boyedl. Funeral from his late resi-,
denrc. 1888 Sd av. on sunday. June "a, 2
%. m. Interment Calvary.
BAMlANN- Dora, Thursday. June 2l. at
fer late residence. 303 West 81th 50. Fu-
neral private.
BARRETT-At Port Reading. y. J.. June
90. Lawrence J. Funeral 10 a. m, Tues
day June &c. from his late residence. SOL
North 18th ST., Pnilade.phia. .
BROWN-William. Funeral THE FU-
NERAL CHURCH. Broadway, Goth and
5-,h sts. Time later.
CHENEY-At South Manchester. Conn.
June %, Mary Bushnell Cheney, wife Of
the late Frank ". Cheney. Funeral at
South Manchester. Monday, at 8 p. m.
CLEMENT-On Thursday. June Il. 1917. at
his home. 10 Grove So. North P.ainGeld.
n. j.. Alfred j. p. Clement Funeral pri-
vats.
CONTESSA- Thursday. June q. 1917. Emil
lie F.. widow Of Francis 2. Contessa. in
her 18th year. Funeral services from her
late residence. % Maihaime 80. Great Bar
rington, Mass. Sunday, June =, at I
p. m.
DINNEN-On June %. Ricksrd Dinnen. be-
loved husband Of Alma D.nnen. Funeral
from his late residence. $40 9Th ay.. on
SUNNY r rAAlf - az Hs
DIXON-At wailingford. Penn. suddenly.
June q. 1917. Henry Paseahall Dixon. Fu-
neral services at bis late residence, Wal
lagfo-d Penn, Monday, II a. m. Con-
reyances viii meet g $50 a. m. train from
Broad ST. station. a. Wai.ingford. Inter
rent private.
ERCKENs-June %. John Oscar. S. years.
after a short illness. Services az his late
residence, the German Club, ll2 West 5Jth
81. 70 Monday morning az 1880. Inter-
ment private
FAY-William F.. beloved husband of MARY
Fay trce GiicfI. Relative and friends
are respectfully invited 20 attend funeral
on Monday. 80 a. m, from bis late resi-
dence. 538 Fast l4ta 70. thence ID the
Church of the Epiphany, where a solemn
hich mass viii be Offered f9r the rcpose Of
his soul. Tntermea. Calvary
GILCHRIsT- Suddenly. on June q. Joseph
r.. son Of Patrick j. and Catherine Gil
christ Funeral fron his l1'e residence.
1883 Dakota ave. Duntou Lodge, Long Isl-
and. on Monday, June -. az 800 a. NJ. B.
thence % the Church of 81. Plus v. whore
mass ~ requiem will be offered for the
rcroie OF bis soul
GILGAR On Friday June o.. Agnes T. Gil
gar nee O'Rr.enI. widow al Edward j.
Gilgar. Funeral from her late residence.
~ Wilkenson nv. Jersey City. Monday.
June %, AZ - thence in sacred Heart
Church. BdweI and Jackson ays.
GREEN Oh June a. Anna g.. beloved wife
Of Ewal T. Green. az her residence. ll3
Bronx River Road. Norker5. Funeral SER
vices sunday. June a. AZ p. m. Inter-
went Nooiiaan Cemetery at p. M.
GUNNUMAN- Clcmeuuue Gunnuman. be-
loved sister az .Mrs. Remy Remains wing
at Stephen Merritts Harlem Funeral Par
lor. 30i West l26th ~.
HENRY A. East t5'h &c.. on Saturday.
June %. 1917. Julia McNair. wife OF the
late Major General GGy y. Henry, e.. s. A.
Funeral private. "a. Arlington National
Cemetery. Washington. d. c. Washington
papers please copy.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
Swarmed Over Mined
Roads That Blew Up

But they were brave men, and many
hundreds Of them died in Marking IN
those September days in noble and
still unforgotten sacrifice 20 the cause
Of the liberty of China. Their un-
equal fight could have but one end.
Early one morning Chang Hsun's scouts
made surprise attack through a
weakly defended gate, and opened the
whole south wall of the city 70 his
army. They swarmed fiercely in, some
OF them over mined roads which blew
IN. teaching them too late the ele-
nents of strategy, the great bulk fol-
lowing over the walls By scores Of
scaling ladders. BY noon they had
reached the Drum Tower gateway in
the middle Of this vast Struggling town
and were masters Of NankIng. Few Of
the southerners surrendered, they
knew Chang Hsun's braves 600 well 4
great body Of them fought their way
straight through his army and escaped
10 the south; while others adopted the
device always possible m China OF
dropping your bandolier and your gun
and your khaki coat and cap and be-
coming in the wink Of an eye no long
or soldier but peaceful and IN
scrutable" coolie.
Then began that exploit known IN
current Chinese history as the sack
Of Nanking. The name hardly does
Justice to the deed. Chang Hsun 5
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

soldiers went straight down the main
street OF NankinC-it is FIVE miles
long and they didn't miss shop:
came on the government postofhce
about three hours after they left u.
hang Hsun's troops represented the
order" OF the central government
against the irresponsible thieves and
traitors" Of the south; get there wssn
enough left o. that innocent and loyal
posto-fice % begin on d new one. IL
was matchwood. and its ti.ls were all
over the floor, riAed down TO the last
postcard.
a clean swa.he ot the first mile. in
GLIDING the whole foreign quarter, was
burned down, an irreparable loss, which
included the railway station, the chief
foreign hotel. the custom house, and
practically every one CT the big ware
houses along The waterfront From
there On it was looting plain and
simple, .oot.ng and murder For young
and old who resisted the looters met
the same fate; their bodies were visual
evidence in the smashed doorways and
in the middle % the street
Il lasted three days. three days Of
terror and dev.itry for the city where
had met China's first republican as
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
Fame Soon Spread
Around the World

Once in a while particularly de-
termined administration in Peking
would make Chang Hsun pro-consul,
or something in that order, in Thibet,
but, as the official annals put it, Chang
did not proceed
Then, in the summer Of 1913, came
the second revolution, and there was
more work afoot for Chang Hsun. When
the first shots Of this revolution were
fred, in the broiling days Of mid-July,
Chang Hsun was only known in China,
and there not over-scriOusly estimated.
BY the end Of September his fame-or
rather his infamy had gone round the
world.
Naturally, in the war between the
northern government and the southern
republicans that followed, Chang Hsun
took the side Of his old associate and
patron, Yuan Shih-kai, man who like
wise enjoyed for many years the favor
of the Dowager Empress. As a final
stroke to break the back Of the revolu-
ton Yuan ordered Chang TO reduce the
southern stronghold at Marking. Chang
Hsun undertook this congenial task
with Characteristic energy. Here ]
found his army in the first days OF
September between fifteen and twenty
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
Passport issued by Chang Hsun to
American correspondent during
siege Of Nanking.

Shih-ehang, Secretary Of State to the
ate President Yuan, was the dictator
nominated; but u was Chang Hsun
sao dictated the dictatorship.
Chang Hsun is an absolutely ire
Sensible blackguard, who has climbed
MO power through a door all too often
open in China the possession Of a phi
'aie army. China is very old and a
t.Y solid country, but It's strength
ne maturity are social. not political
i H a sufficient definition Of It's politi-
ai weakness 20 look az Chang Hsun.
n mere IS a man, political general, an
Hii'srate and defiant reactionary, with
al the vices Of the older order who
,of I'VE years has hourishcd In the
,'sn o. China, maintaining armed
.otees M IN open contemp. Of the re-
PUBLIC. He is the extreme type Of
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
"Unpared Claw Of
The Oldtime Official"

can still see Chang Hsun, stand
ing for moment on the steps OF his
car on the edge OF that soft autumn
evening, a figure all in white, allowing
shake his hand. Il was the efeminate.
impaired claw o. the oldtimc Chinese
Official he held out 20 me. His face
was smooth. his typical mandarin
mustachc drooped sparsely over the
corners Of his thick, stubborn lips. and
his open eyes was that Oriental eX-
preston Of old China which travellers
call "inscrutable," but which the blunt
Sam Blythe has lately much more OBJ
scrvantly called blank" Though the
repose and deceptive graciousness Of
his slight figure gave him somewhat
the aspect of Buddhist monk, bland
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
MARRIAGES

BOoUFT -HFBBELINCK saturday. June
%. at Campbelrs FUNERAL CHURCH;
bv the Rev Nathan Seagie. Ferdinand
Boquet TO Charlotte Hebbeiinck.
CA,BRIII- Thursday. June q. AT
Rlalr5den. by the Rev. Thomas T.. Con-
over. assisted by the Rev. Osborne Baker
Edith bod Rlair. daughter Of Mr. and airs.
c. Ledyard Blair, to Richard Van Nest
Gambrill.
HERZFELDER-KU KUH-On Juns %, by the
Rev. DR.. Samuel Schu.man. at the Hotel
Majestic. Paula. daughter Of Mr. and Mrs.
". a. Kuh. Of New York. to Erwin D.
II, H,rzfelder. Of Flushing. Long Island.
THALMEssINGER - NISSENSHALL - On
Friday. June -. 1917. by the Rev. DR.. B.
A. Tintner May. daughter Of Mr.. and
Mrs. Abraham Nissenshail, 20 Herbert VI.
Thalnessingcr.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
Vincent Astor, Sued,
Must Paw 81 ,429 Gas Bill

The Consolidated Gas Company yes
terday obtained Judgment in the Su-
prcme Court against Vincent Astor ior
a gas bill Of S1429 This biu. tho
company claimed. represented gas con
sumed in the Astor Market, Broadway
and Ninety-ffth Street.
Mr.. Astor protested that the bul
vas too high. when it was presented
10 him. and refused 20 pay IT. The
gas company then brought suit and
.-......rnL
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

There is man in China to-day
rsm.d Chang Hsun, and he is Force.
0; all the reactionary generals in
China. Of all the grim and headstrong
nili,srists and mandarins Of the older
order under arms against the liberal
government Of the republican China.
he is the most ominous, the most
vehement and the most impenetrably
lssc;ionary.
Daily he projects himself into the
news. You hear Of group Of rebel
leaders meeting at Tien-Tsin. Chane
Hsun goes to Tien-Tsin, and straight
way this group Of leaders becomes ac-
tive and announces the provisional gov
eminent Of China. That is how China
recently acquired a dictator. Hsu
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

20 behold, stamped with the generals
own seal in red ink, and purpor,ing
20 allow me, a representative OF Eng
lish and American newspapers, 70
wander at will behind his lines. and
get shot so he doubtless hoped at
any part Of the battlefield I mos
fancied
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
Saved Imperial Face;
Was a Made Man

Chang Hsun was the Empress Dow
,cr's coaChman on that eventful jour
.w. Journey which abandoned the
lperial capital but saved the i'm
crial face. IT availed nothing 10 save
capital m old China; but to save the
mDrcss's face. such e0 opportunity
comes once in "a lifetime When the
court returned from Jehol in 1902
Chang ilsun was "a made man.
he had started iu the court as a
uniformed nobody. with devils Of am
bition gnawing ir his heart maybe.
but outwardly only "a funky. From
this ignOble condition the Old Buddha
raised him az one leap 20 the dazzling
station of Tartar general. No west
erncr can get the full force Of Chang
Hsun's rockct-like ascent. Chinese OF
any degree. 20 say nothing of illterate
body servants, were practically never
raised to the rank of Tartar general
save before the impact OF some aDso-
lutoly irresistible public achievement.
4 Tartar general was Manchu war
lord. usually q blooded royal relation
who commanded the imperial Mancnu
banner troops garrisoned about IN the
chief cities 10 keep the native chinese
population in subjection Needless 10
say, the only fighting he did was Tor
his pay, which he usually tupled by
means of industrious eXtortlons from
the population. For this latter pur-
pose. and for not much else, he was
provided with an army.
When the revolution came along IN
1911, Chang Hsun had run pretty well
through the profitable perquisites OF
ofiicaldom His desire to keep what
he had was robust and sincere; so
he fought the revolution bitterly. lie
held Nanking against them for sew
eral weeks; indeed. it looked as II
zeal before the multiplying southern
armies would lead to his being cut
off south of the Yangtse and forced
70 surrender. Chang Hsun took ad-
vantage of a moment Of furious action,
however: he got his troops across the
river one night and well along the
railway up TO Tientsin. He was fol-
lowed by the ardent Cantonese. driven
back to Tsinanfu and past it; there
he held his ground, while the tide
of the revolution receded before
Yuan Shih -k'ai's patched up peace.
This ground, this identical strip o.
territory along the southern section Of
the Tientsin-Pukow Railroad, Chang
Hsun has never since let go. With
the assistance of the aforesaid army,
a direct heritage of Tartar spoliation
days, he has governed it, for the
past five and a half years. Various
powers in Peking have conferred on
him various titles; he has been Paclii-
Gator Of the Yangtse Military Area
Especially created for his benefit. Field
Marshal and High Inspector Of this
same area, Governor of Kiangsu the
province containing Shanghai. Of which
Nanking is capitaD, and most recently
Governor Of Anhwei, the next prov
ince to the north. During all this
time. he has regarded the rolling stock
Of the railroad as a portable camp
for his army. His soldiers used first
class carriages by preference; they
cooked their meals over wood-fres
made in the centre Of these cars out
of broken-up seats, window-sashes and
such like kickshaws; and they put them
when other fancies seized them to pur-
poses much less mentionable.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
VIII Have 37th st. Place

Charles $. Kohler has leased for Mrs.
Barbara VI. Tyrreii TO the Graham Bros.
Sales Compauy Of New York. Inc, a
client Of Worthiueton Whitehousc. Inc.
the two story brick building 527 West
37th st.. to be used for the storage and
assembling of automobile bodies.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
IMPORTANT

Engagement. Marringe. Birth In
Memnriam and Death Notices may he
telephoned 20 The Tribune any time mp
TO midnight for insertion in the next
days paper. just call
Beekman 5000
and read the notice as you wish IL In
serted. Bill for same Will be mailed to
YOU later. Tho notice will reach over
100. 900 readers daily.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

Chang Hsun who got hold OF a semi
foreign equipage, drawn by horses,
and it was with the favored Chang
Hsun on the box that this now i'm
perial carriage swung down the great
stone tagged road out Of the Firbidden
City and struck out along the northern
track TO Jehol, in Mongolia.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
ENGAGEMENTS

PLATE -THOMPsON-Mr and Mrs. James
"A Thompson. Of Mount Vernon, y Y.
announce the engagement Of their daugh-
tei. Eileen. TO Mr.. II. Robinson Plate OF
San Erarcisco
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

sembly. where Sun Yat-sen had been
elected China's first republican Presi-
dent, the city with a royal past senior
to Peking's, and alike the inspiration
and the intellectual centre Of the lib
eral cause. For the first two of these
days Chang Hsun remained at Yoah-
wamen. That night DR.. Macklin, the
most fearless and best known mission
airy in NankinC. rode out over the
mined roads TO put the situation
squarely before him. Macklin told him
that his troops had looted and vandal-
ised so thoroughly already throughout
Nanking that the city would't recover
for a generation Chang Hsun denied
that any lootine was going on, though
he admitted his troops were high
spirited; finally. he made the conces-
sion that he would start an anti-loot-
ing detachment out at once, with or
ders 10 kill looters on sight.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

They did keep the mint running; but
this was only human. They weren't
professional soldiers. as was evident
when Ho Hai-ming asked an American
missionary to present his compliments
TO General Chang Hsun and request
him not to she'll the city by night, as
his troops couldn't get any sleep.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
BIRTHS

FRFIDENRICH- Mr.. and Mrs Morton
Freidenrich. ga 81. Nicholas ay., daugh-
tor June p.
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24
Individual Growing Gamble

These are the problems which these
growers associations seek 10 solve. and
it is safe to say that but for their ex-
istence and the intelligent work done
New-York tribune., 1917-06-24

terry =
STODDARD-At Reno, New. Wednesday
June 20. Alice Riegel Stoddard. wife Of
Judge r. c. StOddard, in her 32d year. at
her residence. =
TANsEY On June 81. Patrick. beloved hus-
band OF the late Catherine Tansey. Fu-
neral from his late residence. 1878 East
18th a.. Brooklyn. Sunday. June "a. at
p. m. Interment CalyarY. =
VOLCKENING-On June %. 1917. Clarence
stryker Vockening. aged - years Fu-
neral services az his late residence. 2l2
VERIFIED 81, Brooklyn. On Monday even
ing. June %, 1917, az O'Clock. Relatives
and friends invited 70 attend. =
WAREHOUSE r.. aged a. years,
on June q. Funeral from his late resi-
derce. 1850 Webb av.. Sunday. June q. at
-.20. Interment az Woodlawn. =
WlLLCOX--At Westport. Conn. June %.
1919, Edwin Barry. son Of the late James
and Katherine Barry Wilcox Funeral
services AZ late residence, Westport, Conn,
on Monday. June 25. az ! 80 p. m. Autos
in waiting on arrival OF IL 10 train at
Westport station.
WINCkELMANN- Friday, June %.
1917. after short illness, In her 73d year,
Margaretha Winckelmann. Services at her
late residence. 3j5 West seth st.. Sunday
June g., p. NJ Interment private. .
WINNER June %. 1917. Herman. beloved
husband ~ Dora Winner (nee Morris
father Of Beatrice. Abraham and Raymond.
Funeral private. from his late residence,
621 Wales Az, Bronx, Sunday. June a. 10
o'clock a. m. =