The Oskaloosa herald. (Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa) 1885-1919, 1917-02-15

VIII you please explain the workings
of the thermo syphon system of water
circulation, its advantages and disad-
Vantages. Why 10 it not more uniVer-
! sally used2
The thermo-syphon system Of water
circulation consists of an outlet from
| the radiator through which water en-
tiers the eored chambers around the
| cylinders at the bottom, becomes heat
| ed and rises, passing back through a
| pipe entering the radiator at the top.
The action of the fan keeps the radia-
! tor cool, and this operation keeps up
a constant circulation of water as long
as the engine is hot 1t may become
clogged IL sediment gathers in the ra-
diator, but that would be almost, If
not equally true, of pump system.
Some engine designers favor the pump
system, especially If the engine is of
the larger type, arguing that the pump
| is more positive in its action, even
| though less simple than the thermo-
syphon. The thermo-syphon Is used
more extensively in cars with small
motors than on those having large dis
| placement.
! What is the function of the belts of
rivets in the rear wheels of some cars?
In some there is bolt in every spoke
and in others one in every other spoke,
and in others there is none at all.
The rivets are there to hold the
| spikes in place. In those where bolts
are not visible the spokes are locked
by internal bolts or pins.
Do you advise the use Of powdered
! graphite in the crank case of a splash
system engine? Oil is pumped into
the main bearings and troushs into
which the cranks dip. Will either have
any bad effect on the motor?
Powdered graphite is not to be rec
commended in the crank case in splash
system engine. While graphite will
not materially injure the working parts,
it will have tendency to clog up the
various oil holes and grooves and pos
sibly prevent the proper flow of oil to
the respective bearing surfaces. 1t is
not necessary, and the advantages to
be gained by its use are not worth the
experiment. Would advise your using
high grade Oil, free from as much
graphite or carbon ingredients as posi-
BILE.
There 10 a knock In the engine of
my car when run below eight or nine
miles an hour. 1t has been equipped
with a new carburetor, which gives
from seventeen to eighteen miles to
the gallon of gasoline. Tho engine
works we'll above eight or nine miles.
What 10 the trouble?
/ 1t is probable that this knock is
caused by one or more Of the cylinders
missing at low speeds, and it may be
! that In installing the new carburetOr
this has been so adjusted as to cause
! this missing. 1t might be that a change
in the adjustment of the carburetor
| will cure all the trouble. If this does
not do it, no doubt the location of the
| cause will be found in the valves or
/ ignition.
Sometimes it happens that a valve
! does not seat all the way, causing the
/ motor to misfire in the same way as it
would If the valves needed grinding.
This may be due to too close an ad-
justment in the clearance. A misad
| justment in the ignition will give the
same kind Of trouble. The timing
should be set so that when the spark
lever is in full retard position the spark
occurs on upper dead center.
In all probability, though, the trou-
bic will be found in the carburetor,
which is providing, in all likelihood,
too lean a mixture at low speeds. The
fact that you are getting as high an
economy as you are may also signify
that the setting is little too lean.
Is a car geared four to one with "a
by inch tires higher seared than one
geared four 10 one with 80 by 4 inch
tires? If not, please explain.
Yes. The larger the tire the higher
the gearing. As an example of this
principle roll golf ball and tennis
ball side by side at the same speed
over fat surface. The golf ball will
rotate much faster than the tennis
ball because its diameter is smaller.
Looking at 1t another way, thirty