Cayton's weekly. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1916-1921, 1917-12-08
THE GLORY OF THE AMERICAN RE-
PUBLIC
The Science of Government
The Hope and Dependence of the Human
Race
Copyright 1917
By ORLANDO BELKNAP POND
Cali rights reserved)
CHAPTER III
Individual Control and Ownership of Gov
ernments. The Ancient and Modern
World

nV1nS IN the mlQSC OF great duu mOHcHCouo
events, the products Of accumulated time in
which great and intricate problems have de-
veloped and must in the interest of man.
kind, be solved There are many who realize
this fact; but no one has yet been able to
present to the world a practical solution.
And nothing short of cOlutiOn will satisfy
the world.
There are those who believe in universal
ownership by the government There are
others who think otherwise. The latter con-
tend that government ownership should en-
brace only such property as 1t actually re-
quires for needed uses But anything more
than this interferes with, and hampers,
personal opportunities. But all admit that
there are certain affairs of the human race
that should, and must, be under government
control This is readily conceded, espec-
tally, by the people Of this nation, who
dwell under a representative government,
founded for the purpose Of serving their in
terests in the higher degree.
The governments in ancient times were,
for the most part created and formed by
the most skllful and powerful warriors;
those who had the largest following, and
commanded the strongest and most perfect
phalanX. The governments so created and
established, were held as the personal rights
Of the founders, and in their own interests,
and were exercised for their own purpose.
All property and property rights and privi-
leges were appropriated and held by them
as the price of their skill and power
The land with all the appurtenances in
many instances, was largely distributed
among a certain few favorites who were
expected when commanded, to render
sistance, offensive and defensive, in war
fare Thus was created class condition.
n tod hx,t los
Of varying grades and constituted the no.
bility The mass of the people were mere
serfs, bound to the soil Of their birth and
held in constant bondage to the governing
classes, and, finally, became the peasantry of
the various nations of the European world.
Nations and governments were at this
time treated as objects of individual ma
nioulation and control, direction and adj
ministration. They were obtained establish
ed, and developed, by invasions and con-
tinuous warfare. The successful commander
was, oftentimes, made the ruler, the head,
the sovereign, in whom vested all the au-
thority and all the powers Of the nation.
This individual person is called in the
English language King or Emperor, depend
ing upon the degree Of authority held and
exercised; whether absolute or more or
less, limited. Whether his authority was
absolute, or limited, the supreme authority
of the state was vested in, and supposed to
be held by, him, and was always exercised,
theoretically at least, by his commands
And, having once vested it so remained dur
ing his life time, and at his death passed to
the oldest living heir, or next of kim or
else to some one appointed by him. during
his life time, unless wrested therefrom as
often occurred by more influential or
more powerful adversary.
The objects that occupied the attention of
mankind in these ancient times, were much
in many respects, the same that occupy the
attention Of mankind in our own times
They were engaged in mining gold and sill
yer, copper and tin, and probably to some
extet iron. Iron, though known and en-
ployed for some purposes, was probably
mined and used to less extent than the
other minerals. These mining operations