davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
WWGMTMM IS THE
AMERICAN EGYPT

pyramid the inhabitants of the city gathered TO
watch these festal doings. Fifty thousand people
could stand in il. Around this huge court runs a
palace two stories high and beautifully carved,
which was the home of the nuns, for whose special
delectatiOn these sacrifices were made. The nuns
were the aristOcrats of ancient Maya society.
On all four of the inner sides of this palace are
carved two huge snakes, whose bodies are en-
twined they twist around the structure These
snakes have human heads and taSSels for tails In
all the ruins the carvings are of the same pc
cuIiar design. The patterns of the borders ana
the general Ornamentation strongly suggest the
Egyptian
What IS most wonderful of all is how they were
able to cut those huge blocks of stone and then
carve them beautifully without metal ham
mers er chisels. There is no iron or other metal
in the country and so all they had to work with
was flint. How they raised the blocks into place
none can explain That remains much OF a
mystery as the Pyramids of Egypt This is used
as an argument to prove that the same race OF
people did them both
There are many more ruins standing at Chiehen
TIA than at Uxmal. but In both cities all the
smaller structures and private houses have disap-
peared. The ages have them away or earth
Quakes shaken them down and the jungle has COW
cred ALL The natural accumulation of soil for cen
turtles has also covered them many feet deep. The
bases of the big buildings still in sight are, Of
course, below the present surface Not much has
been done in the way of excavating, for the gov
eminent only just turning its attention to these
wonderful relics of the past
The ruins have several feats in mason work that
are beyond our twentieth century architects, such
as arches without keystOnes leaning walls. round
corners hanging terraces and so on. The walls
are all enormously thick and the rooms rather
small even in the houses of the governors or
kings, or whatever they called Most OF these
rooms are now inhabited by bats and are not at all
pleasant places. There are fat ceiling TO be
found. All finished with pointed arches
George Miner, in the Mexican Review.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
Art of Eoypt.

Art history, particularly in the
branch OF painting. has undergone
some radical revisiOns In the last quar-
ter OF a century. as a direct result of
Egyptian archaeological research.
Painting. as we know il today. is at
least 1000 years Old-and we have
found the originals TO prove IT The
site OF ancient Thebes, now represent
ed by the modern villages OF Karnak
and Luxor, has been one OF the richest
ouarries worked by modern scholarly
excavatOrs OF various natiOnaIitfes
Ten years ago the New York MetropolI-
tan museums expedition established al
Thebes q special school or steIier fog
the purpose Of copying and recordins
the brilIiant-painted scenes aud fnscriD-
tons uncovered in the royal tomb chap
els Of Eyrt's rulers Of more Tar
thirty centuries ago.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
New Cutting Agent.

In the recent evolution of new al
Toys, it is interesting to note that steel
is surpassed as a cutting agent by
metal containing no iron, though this
element has been since the bronze age
the basis of practically all working
tools. The ''steIlite'' of Elwood Haynes
claims not only the durable hardness
at high temperature that gives it
greater results than "high-speed> steel"
In lathe work, but its resistance TO
tarnish is an added property especial
ly fitting it for ordinary cutlery. Its
beautiful color and polish are said to
be quite unaffected by atmospheric
conditions or acid fruits. Of its devel-
opment, Mr.. Haynes says that when
mOlybdenum is added to an alloy Of
cobalt with Is per cent of chromium,
the hardness gradually increases until
the molybdenum reaches 40 per cent,
when the product is exceedingly hard
and brittle, cutting deeply into glass
and easily scratching quartz. Taking
fine polish, it is so hard as to escape
ordinary scratching. With % per cent
Of molybdenum, the resulting metal is
fine grained, scratches glass readily,
and takes a strong, keen edge. The
alloy is too hard for forging, but it
can be cast without difficulty.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
IN AFRICAN JUNGLE
British Aviator Relates Expert
ence of Four Days
Forced to Abandon Machine, He Had
to Make His Way Through Almost
impenetrabIe Bush, in Con-
slant Fear of Death.

Horrible experiences of a British
aviator who came down in an East
African jungle are described by him
in a letter just received by a relative
at London
The aviator, Lieut. G. Garrood, went
I'D to- bomb German ambush on the
Ruff river, but through engine trOu-
BILE had to descend in the hush. the
machine landing with broken propeller
In a bog. 1t took him four days to
make his way to a place of safety.
He tells how in the dusk he was
confronted with an ugly black animal
about four feet high with vicious
tusks. He climbed a tree and pre-
pared to put in the. night there Later
he opened his eyes and saw something
like two green electric bulbs about so
feet from the tree. They moved around
in a circle. This continued for 40 min
utes. He says:
1.-The tension was unbearable.
wanted TO scream. shout and yell all
in one, but instead 1 burst out with.
The Admiral's Broom and with
full-throated bass 1 rOared out the
three verses. No applause, but re-
ward-the leopard skunk away Why
had 1 not thought OF it before2
81 went through my repertoire L
laughed as 1 finished Two Eyes OF
Grey 1t seemed so ridiculous. Then
1 got on to hymns. remembered four
verses OF % God, Our Help in Ages
Past and sang the Amen too The
whole thing had its Iudicrous side"
Next morning while swimming
river he passed seven yards from a
crOcOdile's mouth, but just reached
the bank in time Without food, OF
arms-his only weapon of defense his
nails scisSors-his progress through
the awful bush was about 100 yards
an hour. His clothing was in ribbons,
and his flesh exposed 10 the thorns,
sword grass and flies
He swan seven more rivers that
| day and sank down exhausted against
a tree. He could hear q lion roaring
about 500 yards away, and, somewhat
( nearer, the granting Of a hippOpOta-
mus He continues:
Being exhausted, I more or less
lost consciousness for perhaps half an
hour or so. Nothing short OF q hippo
charging could have made me climb
tree Am afraid life had little TO
| offer about that time"
1t was while lying here that the
lieutenant had the annoying expert
ence OF surveying two large balloons
! the size OF a small man, quarreling
over his trousers. now in threads, and
among the tops OF 40-fOOt trees
It was not until he had passed an
other horrible day and equally terrible
night in the bush that he at last was
picked up by some natives.
Their eyes seldom left me-" he
adds. Undoubtedly 1 was a strange
sight-my legs bare and bleeding, my
short vest sodden, dirty and torn, no
trousers. OF course, just dirty sun
helmet, a short stick in my right hand
and with four days growth Of beard
on my dirty face"
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

Scattered all over the Yucatan peninsula
monuments to a civilization that fourished thou
sands of years ago. Just how many thousand
body knows and scientists differ very materially in
their ideas the subject The prevailing belief,
however is that this civilization in full swing
late the beginning of the Christian Other
scientists assert that the ruins antedate those of
Egypt.
Yucatan can well be called 1.-The American
Egypt The ruins of 172 cities big and little have
been discovered and not quarter of the territory
has been explored, that is, carefully explored for
the tropical verdure makes the finding of them
very difficult. You might pass within hundred
feet of wonderful old temple or pyramid hun
dred times and not discover it, effectively does
the jungle screen these crumbling monuments of
the distant past and shield them from the prying
eyes of this inouisitive and presumptuous age.
OF the 172 clusters of ruins discovered, two sets
represent NHhat once large and prosperous
cities, of about half a million Inhabitants each
Doubtless at different times each of these two
cities the capital of the country.
One of the cities is Uxmal pronounced "Ush-
mu" situated in the southwestern part of Yucca
tan and the other is Chichen liza, in the eastern
part of the state. One is six miles away from the
railways end through the jungle and the other Is.
In both the road leading is little better
than q trail and without question the toughest
road that a wheeled vehicle pounded to
pieces
To my mind the most interesting ruin OF all is
1.-The House of the Dwarf" at Uxmal. It is
pyramid. with temple on top where the priests
made human sacrifices The steps one side are
fairly well preserved. A double chain is run down
them SO that possible TO reach the top If you
have a cool head Once there you crawl through
a hole knocked in the temple wall and come out
on platform which was the sacrifciaI altar
On that platform the priests stood and with
knives of flint cut out the hearts OF living victims
and held the gruesome objects aloft. still throb-
bling. for the populace below to gaze at. In the
great quadrangle at the foot of that side of the
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
Real Meaning of aMaru.s

The word '-Maru," attached TO the
name OF every Japanese merchant ship
and commonly accepted as meaning
ship" has no especial meaning, &C
cOrding TO Captain Takeshima OF the
japanese steamship Hudson Maru, re-
Gently captured and released by a Ger
man raider in the South Atlantic Cap
tain TakeShima said that the word IS
the survival of japanese custom cen
turtles old He explained the origin as
follows: There are two opinions as
to how the custom originated One
Of the stories, which I believe is the
correct one, is that in ancient times
the japanese attached 'maru' TO the
name OF anything precious OF highly
priced, as q sword or a baby II was
first applied TO n ships name about p
600 years ago, when the Empress lingo
sent an expedition 10 Korea She add
ed the word 70 the name OF the ship
that transported the troops to Korea
Ever since then '8Iaru' has been part
Of the name of every steamship or sail
ing vessel. It is never used with the
name Of a warShip."
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
IS CURIOUS ROCK DWELLER
PhoIas, or Boring Clam, One of the
Strangest Creatures That Are
Known to Science.

One of the strangest creatures known
to science is the pholas, or boring clam.
When still very minute the animal
bOres into the sandstone lodges at ex-
treme low water, by means of its sharp
shell, which is replaced by secretions
as it is worn away. 1t penetrates the
rock to a depth of six Or eight inches,
and hollows out it's burrow as it in
creases in size.
Shaped roughly like a top, it could
not leave its rock dwelling even if it
wished to do so. For food, it depends
on the animalcules that float in sea
water, which it seizes by its long 81
phon, or tongue.
The pholas is in great demand at the
seaside resorts along the Pacific coast,
for its meat is very tender and makes
excellent soup. The clans are dis
lodged in great numbers from the lodges
by the use of dynamite, although it is
possible to obtain them with a pick Or
croWbar.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

e company is advancing to the
firing line by rushes, the captain may
increase or decrease the size of the
fractions he sends forward, as he sees
fit, in order to complete or retard the
movement. When the company forms
but one unit of the firing line, it may
be sent forward by rush of the whole
just as the platoon may be similarly
advanced. The captain leads the rush
of the company, and platoon leaders
run at full speed at the head of their
respective platOOns. Platoon guides
follow the line to insure a prompt and
orderly execution of the advance, that
IS, to prevent struggling or q sagging
of the front.
The advance is not limited, however,
TO the methods described, as has al
ready been explained. Any method
may be employed which successfully
brings the attack closer to the enemy.
Crawling. especially in surprise attacks.
may be the most practicable and eff
fective method to be pursued.
1t should be repeated here, as in the
first lesson in extended order drill,
: that the use of the rifle is here as
sumed. At all events. the framework
of extended order movements could be
learned with broomsticks, while there
is no method of learning the rifle itself,
even to the fixing of the bayOnet, with
out a rifle in hand.
But no consideration of extended Or
der, combat exercise or SEirmiShing,
would be complete without the charge.
Even on an armOry floor, extended or
der drill is usually finished off with a
charge, in order to inject something Of
the supremeIy exciting element of bat
tie into what might otherwise become
mechanical plOdding.
The charge is rush-an eruption
into which all the pent-up mental and
emotional intensity of a battle may
have an outlet. That, to be sure. is not
the purpose of the charge, which is to
expel an enemy from a given position,
but it does become vent for the other
wise suppressed excitement of battle,
and to that extent gathers in violence.
Because this outburst contributes to
the force of the charge a general shout
IS important.
The signal for the charge, sounded
from the post of the commanding Off
Ger, is repeated by the musicians of
all parts of the line. The company Of
ficers, both the captains and neuten-
ants, lead the charg-the time has
now passed for direction and control
and the necessities call for sheer lead
ership. Therefore the officers precede
their men. encountering the danger
first. The skirmishers, with fixed bayo-
nets, spring forward together-shout-
ing-and close with the enemy.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

.Ies'seu POPULATION chasm of 3O ner cent 1ivi5-
ing 1t. VI on per cent ui'iu-
mere are more than 100000 men in Europe
aiihS' wearing out six times their normal
consumption of wool AS tho Ivar nroorassos tho
aVahaDle wool of the world is certain to be con-
uineu 10 the last ounce. Cotton, linen. and other
IaDr1cs may be used, but wool will be used as
ioHs as IL is possible to secure it for the fighting
forces But there is no real substitution for This
cotton may serve the purpose during the sum
mer Tor winter campaigning. especially in Rus
sla and the mountain districts wool is necessary.
Aside from the tremendous demand for wool
for warriors, which has been responsible for the
present shortage, and which has brought the
wool shortage down to hand-and-mouth PROPOSE
ton, there is a shortage in production. Australia
chief among woOl-prOducng countries, Is nearly
40 per cent short of her normal sheep supply be-
cause of q drought that killed sheep by the tens
of thousands. But this country still has twice as
many sheep have in the United States.
People living in regions demanding woolens
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

with their expenditure of oratory and
gesticuIation, requested the judge to
instruct the jury In their own tongue
The jury, awed and impressed, retired
to consider their verdict, filed with
more than a reasonable doubt as 70
the prisoners guilt and an absorbing
curiosity as to what 1t was all about
In a remarkably short time the pris-
oner was surprised with a verdict OF
mot guilty" greatly to the encourage
ment Of many wretched Welsh hus-
bands anxious TO have an END OF their
matrimonial suffering
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

and claimants and the necessity for a
fixed common court language. A wife
murderer faced a determined court. a
jury box flied with honest Welsh free
holders, and, in his vision. the out
lines OF the gallows. Able prosecutors,
obedient TO parliament's fixed fat that
pleadings and arguments be rendered
in English, waxed as eloquent as that
medium permitted The sto1id Welsh
men were entertained, but not en-
Iightened. The counsel, observing a
mild curiosity wholly ineommensurate
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

also reside in the greatest sheep-raising zones
In fact, sheep are raised in every region where
wool is in demand save in the polar regions. It
is natural that the wooden industry should spring
up in primitive communities and among people
who too poor to afford purchased material
for clothing Therefore, wool growing and manu-
featuring an industry has a place in practically
all countries. AS a country increases in pOpula-
tenSive agricultural purposes and the range for
sheep is reduced in more recent years con-
sequence. In West this is very apparent.
The wOol-growing industry in Europe and
America has not kept pace with that in newer
countries. Nearly one-half of the worlds present
commercial supply of wool is produced in Aus
tralia. New Zealand and Argentina. NOtwith-
standing the fact that the production in the Unit
ed States Is not increasing materially, wool is
produced in every state of the Union. The varied
and wide adaptation Of sheep in the United States
is one of the promising features of the future if
formers will but appreciate the wonderful fea-
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
THE PATROL.

The patrol is perhaps the most re-
sponsible and important work upon
which an enlisted man may be en-
gagged. The patrol represents the eyes
of the unit-eyes like those of crabs,
thrust out on long feelers, so to speak,
but which are still in contact with the
main force and can be withdrawn to
it. The use of q patrol is threefold:
It is a detachment sent out from q
command to gain information of the
country or of the enemy; to prevent
the enemy from gaining information;
or to provide the necessary security
against surprise.
An erroneous impression prevails In
nninformed quarters that the use of
the airplane on the great scale now
witnessed in Europe has dispensed
with old methods of foot patrol. This
is not the case. To be sure, there is no
patroling in trench warfare, in the for
mer sense, except, perhaps, in night
raids; but in all mobile operations, to
which the warfare on the western front
is now reverting, the principle of the
patrol is Indispensable.
The reason that the airpiane cannot
substitute for the foot patrol is that the
airplane is seldom able to distinguish
q command behind cover or in the shell
ter of a forest. This fact is so well
established that artillery positions
have been covered with bushes and
trees and the guns themselves are
painted mottled green which deceives
the birdmen. There is an infinite
amount of careful cropping out and de-
Aoi oh loft
patrols, after the airplane has passed
over. 1t is not necessary, in these
articles. to consider cavalry patrol.
as for the matter OF surprise, even
units as small as a company, when on
the firing line, must be well protected
by patrols on each flank. Each leader
of a flank platoon details a man tic
watch for the signals Of the patrol OF
patrols on his flank. Patrols or parties
posted to prevent hostile reconnais
sance should relieve the main body OF
the necessity of betrayfng its position
by firing on small bodies of the enemy
ITO be surprised by an enemy a
short range" says the drill regulations
sis an objectionable offense."
Therefore, reconnaissance is kept VI
throughout an action and it is the i'm
portant duty of combat patrols to give
security to exposed TANKS. Whether
or not the patrol is able to stop hos
tile reconnaissance or even an attack
1t must at ali hazards convey warning
of the enemy's approach. to the mail
If caught by fire On the flank.
body. This is the more essential be
cause, while the firing line is obligated
TO take care of it's own front, its flank
are particularly vulnerable to modern
firearms.
For example, machine gun, rakini
q company or battalion from the flank
might exterminate the entire command
Even when the casualties are not i'm
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
MUCH TN LITTLE.

There is an opening in Yunnan City.
China. for the Introduction Of soap.
Coast guard stations viii be
equipped with airplanes for rescue
and observation work
The present British parliament has
lived longer than any OF its % prede-
cessers since the act Of union
It IS announced from Petrograd that
all government posts. including min
EsteriaI appointments. VIII be open to
women.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
IURYMEN JUST LOOKED WISE
Understanding No English, Weishmen
Were Not Impressed by Arguments
Made in That Language.

Formerly, states Julian P. Alexan-
der. in Case and Comment, there were
many Welshmen who could not I'M
derstand English and were yet placed
upon the juries OF the court One in
teresting story is told. illustrating the
difficulty of adjusting the court Ian
zuage to the intelligence Of the juries
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
Strict.

Strict.
Nose. an ancient retainer on one Of
the old Virginia plantations, was al
ways chosen as the guide when the
master and his guests went shooting
on the river. Among the other per-
quisites which came his way on these
excursions were occasional quaffs of
very good whisky, largess from the
TASKS Of connoisseur gentry.
One cold day, however, Nose con-
Quoted a teetotaler after quail. There
was no liquid solace at the lunch in
the field. and none for the cold drive
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

meaIateIy nign, the moral effect Of
thanking fire is known to be as great
as the physical effect. In fact. unit
which is giving the enemy hot fire
on the front may quickly go to pieces
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

- cNOSAGAAg AlCt SdSIuS
demand for wool and NUT
ton, the same area can
boast of less than so
sheep. The decline in
numbers during this pc
rfOd has amounted to
something like 100000
sheep, although our popu-
latfOn during the same
period has increased 16-
100000 souls. Last season
we clipped slightly over
R,0OO,OO0 fleeces, as
against 100000 for 1900
or a reduction of 1000 OOo
in 10 years. Our ponn1a.
ton then was calcuIoted
to be 75.994.575. whereas
II stands today far above
the 100000 mark ar .
gain Of about 20 Der cent
In the past Is years the
wool production has de-
creased 4 per cent, TINS
leaving a difference he
tween production and in
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29

home. Moses plant reached every
ear.
"Wouldn't take drink. Ell, Mose?"
asked one Of the shooters.
Boss" answered, Nose, earnestly,
''Iiat gem'man wouldn't take a svig
outer de Brandywine river, he's SO
strick i'
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
HIISDe4LMMN6RAAMoY

lures of these historic
animals
Not only are wool val
ues certain to increase,
but maintain q steady
and heavy market de
mand from all sides for
a generation to come
The reasons are very ap-
parent. namely: First,
the wool-using pOpuia-
ton of the world has OF
late increased more rap
idly than wool produc-
ton. Second. WOODS
greatest competitor, cot
ton, has been in short
supply relatively dearer
than wool. especially
coarse wool. Third. en-
ployment at high wages
has been so plentiful
that the masses have
been in a position to buy
clothes. and clothes
made mostly of wool in
stead of cotton and
ShOddy-
There are nearly 90
100000 fewer sheep in
the world today than 10
years ago. and more than
100 OOO. 600 more people
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
A Nomad.

Bangs-How much does it cost you a
week for your board and room?
Beatleigh-Weil. some expressmen
charge me 81 and some % cents.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-09-29
seIf-Defense.

s.Czoing TO take 8 vacation this year,"
81 guess So 1 can't afford to. but 1 think To
hotter knock OF work for a week just to get rid
of the people who insist asking when I'm
going to- and where I'm going. and If not, why7'