davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27

This number is war strength" in our
old tbles of organization; the first di-
vision now in France has 200 men per
company; it is probable that the
strength may be ESQ per infantry
company. However, these figures for
the number Of squads and of pla-
toons are never definitely fixed. A
company in the field is very seldom
at full strength, and it may be con-
venient at any time to change the
numbers of squads and platoons.
The company Is permanent
team" in the sense In which we have
been using that word. Its members
always live together. eat together,
drill together, and fight together. All
| the Officers and soldiers in COM
pany become well acquainted. Each
mans points of strength and Of weak
nesses are known. Outside Of your
own company you will probably know
very few men, only those with whom
you come into touch by accident or
while yep are serving on some special
duty. This Is something worth think
ing about You are probably going to
live, eat, drill. and fight with the
other men in your company so long
as you remain In the army. The SEN
sible thing to do is to conduct your
self in such a way as to command
the liking and respect Of these men
from the very beginning,
Four companies are Joined in q
battalion" The battalion is an Inn
portant unit In the army Organization,
but it Is not SO clearly marked as
either the company or the regiment
Regiments, Brigades and Divisions
The regiment consists of battal-
ions, making IL companies. In addi-
ton. there are three special compan-
les which do not belong to any OF the
battaIons. These are the headquar-
tiers company. Including the band and
the color guard; the machine-gun
company, to be referred to later: and
the supply company. responsible for
the regiments food, ammunition. and
other supplies. Counting in everyone,
the regiment at fun strength in our
old tables of organization totals 2,05s
! officers and men. It will go more
than this with the increase in strength
of companies 1881 is the strength of
infantry regiments in the first expe-
dictionary division. The regiment is,
of course, very seldom at full strength
but Is never allowed to remain below
a minimum strength of about 1,40O.
The regiment is the unit that es-
pecially arouses the soldiers pride
and loyalty. The most cherished ira
ditions of the army are made up of
the splendid deeds of famous regi-
ments. The soldier Identifies himself
! throughout his life by naming his
regiment. His love for the army CEN
Iters in his regiment. His most sac
4 red memories cluster around the regi-
mental battle flags.
Two regiments are joined in a bri-
gade. Thus the brigade Is built up
by assembling individual soldiers into
Squads; squads into platoons; pIa-
toons into companies; companies into
battalions; battalions into regiments;
aIsd regiments into brigades.
Brigades may in turn be Joined to
form divisions, divisions may be join
ed to form corps, and corps to form
/ field armies. All of the army's divi-
sions and separate detachments and
departments taken together form the
s'big team'-that is to say, the Uni
ted States Army. The makeup of
the big team is treated in later les
| =
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27

en). Secondly. it is a native of tropic-
al America, not of Palestine, although
py culinary joke Palestine soup
is made from Jerusalem artichokes.
Jerusalem" is merely corruption of
the Italian 'girasole.,' or sunffower.
The plant, said to have come from the
Farnese Garden in Rome, is a tuber-
ous-rooted sunflower (Helianthus tn
berosus). and does in warm situations
produce small yellow .esunflowers.'
Like the potato, 1t is propagated by
It's tubers, and, although less nour-
1sh1ng, has more varied uses. The
leaves and tender stalks make fodder
for cattle, potash can be extracted
from the plant, and cordage and
coarse cloth can be made from the
fiber of the stems. Various fancif,,l
explanations Of the word ..articholxe,
have been recommended, but it has
nothing to do with choking either
people or their gardens. In old Italian
1t is "articiocco." which is traced hack
to the Arabic name of the plant.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27

of the city and attacked in turn. The
Austrian left wing crumpled before
the assault of Murat and Victor. Ma
poleon, with the greater part of the
artillery attacked the center. and the
allies were defeated with great slaugh-
ter and in disorder fell back into Be-
hemia. Vandamme drove back the
Prince of Wurtemberg, L1t he pur-
sued too far, and three days later he
was defeated at Kuhn, his division
was cut to pieces, and he and his staff
made prisoners.
One of the tragedies of the battle
of Dresden was the fatal wounding Of
Jean Victor. Moreau, one of the great
est generals of the French republic,
who had turned against Napoleon and
Joined the staff of the Gear Olexan-
der. He was standing by the side Of
the Russian ruler when he was struck
by a cannon ball His legs We're inn
mediately amputated, but the opera
ton did not save him and he died a
few days later.
That rascal Bonaparte is always
lucky remarked Moreau, as, NOR
tally wounded, he was dragged from
under his horse. But luck had aban-
doned the Emperor. On that night
104 years ago the army of the Cors1-
scan camped for the last time on
victorious battlefield.
1t was Moreau, dead and buried,
who defeated Napoleon in the subse-
quent conflicts. He had outlined the
plan for destroying his former master,
and this scheme was carried out after
his death. Moreau had urged that
general battle was not to be risked,
but the corps of the French were to
be engaged, one by one, until the parts
of the army were disabled. In turn
all the great generals of Napoleon
were defeated and the conqueror was
finally driven from Germany.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
Grouping Men into Teams

Grouping Men into Teams
NOTE:-This lesson is based upon
the present organization of the Uni
ted States Army, Some changes may
be made later.
preceding Lessons: 1. Your Post
of Honor O. Makink Good as a Sol
der. 3. Nine Soldierly Qualities. A.
Getting Ready for Camp. 5. First
Days in Camp. 7.Your Health. 8.
Marching and Care of Feet. g.. Your
Equipment and Arms. 10. Recreation
in Camp. IL. Playing the. Game. IL.
Team Work in the Army.)
The smallest unit or team" in the
Army is the squad. A squad usually
consist of eight men, one of whom is
the leader; he is called the s'corpor-
all You will be assigned to a. squad
almost at once on entering the army.
At first, you may he shifted about
considerably from one squad to an
other, but within short time you
and seven other men will be brought
together as a permanent team. This
means that you will work together.
drill together. and sleep in, the same
tent or In the same section of the bar
racks. You will come to know the
other men in the squad through and
| through and they will become equally
well acquainted with you. Some of
Them will probably grow to be your
close and lifelong friends. On the
other hand, there may be one or two
men who you dislike or do not res
pect.
The Squad Unit
/ In any case remember this: The
eight men in squad form a team
in the same sense that a baseball nine
or football eleven is team. Your
squad is competing with all the 9TH
err squads in your company. When
ever 1t shows itself especially we'll
drilled, quick to learn new duties or
Icareful in respect to cleanliness and
general bearing, you pile up a few
points in your favor. The umpires
are the officers of your company;
and you may be certain they are
watching your squad every minute of
the day--not watching for chances to
criticize but watching hopefully for
signs of soldierly spirit and intelli-
igence.
1t is your first duty to help your
own squad make good showing. AL
SO 1t is to your own interest to do so.
There is no more pleasure or reward
for YOU in belonging to a poor squad
/ than there is for a ball player in be-
i longing to a losing team. Take pride
in your squad and its good work. II
you find you hive one man among you
who is lazy or childish. try to get him
into different attitude. Every squad
i has atFleast one weak link. The best
way to handle him is toNtalk to him
until you get him as much interested
as you in making your squad rank
as the best in the company.
Incidentally, your captain is not
likely to overlook the best squad
when when it comes to picking men
for promotion.
j The Platoon and the Company
Two, three. or four squads Casually
three) my be Joined in the next high
Ter unit, which is called a platoon
The platoon. however, is not so per-
manent as a squad. but is formed
whenever there is need for it in drill
ling Yor on the firing line.
Next comes the company, which is
made up at full strength of $50 men;
this is about Is squads or 6 platoons.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
THE FARMER: AUGUST q, 1917

ment not to call strikes during the period of the If
strike is threatened the conditions prevailing July Is will pre-
vail The dispute will to board OF three adusters one to
be appointed by Me-. Gompers The decision of the board will
be binding, and will be final for six months
This is compulsory arbitration with the consent of
lied labor 1t is land fairly representative of
the that have France and England to OBJ
tain equity between capital and labor with the object
that the road to victory shall not be mpeded by domestic differ
The understanding reflects credit on labor.
1t is Americanism embodied in action.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
A sKYsoRAPER FOR BUYERS

When a s2,ooo,ooo building, now
under construction in New York is
completed. it will no longer be neces-
sary for buyer visiting that city to
travel through miles of congested
streets to inspect stocks of goods, says
Popular Mechanics, for it is proposed
to house in this skyscraper permanent
exhibits maintained by many produ-
GERS in each of numerous articles. One
floor will contain artistic booths oc-
cupied by shoe manufacturers An
othr will be equally representative OF
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
THE JERUSALEM AR11CHoKE

The Jerusalem .artichoke, which
was known in English gardens before
the potato, was imported to Europe
800 yeans gao. 1t was also called the
Canada potato misnomer indeed,
but less of misnomer than the name
of Jerusalem artichoke, which, ac-
cording to the Manchester Guardian,
has a curious history. In the first
place, the plant is not an artichoke
at all; it was merely so dubbed be-
cause its flavor was thought to be like
that of the globe artichoke (the
thistle-like plant of which the fleshy
part Of the large flower buds is eat
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
DOLLAR DAY
SPECIALS

8 pr. youth sneaks .... $500
Sf.25 Mems Tennis shoes S1.OO
Sf.25 & $3.50 Rackets -. S1.O0
S1.25 & $3.50 Racket
covers ;>......... S1.Uu
Season Cleanup tubes $500
4 qt. w. Mist & Spray ). s1.OO
$3.50 Radiator Ernblems S1.OQ
2 Master Ford Plugs -. $500
3 Bethlehem Ford Plugs S1.O0
1 4 & 4 IL Ford Patch :. S1.00
Can Rubber Mend and
Patches ......,..... $500
3 SOC Bathing Cap ...... $500
$3.50 Picture Hats 49,. S1.OO
SIPS & $3.50 Syringes S1.O0
IS1.25 & $3.50 w. Bottles $500
1925 Bike tire less -. S1.00
Any SIS Rain Coat less S. Sf.90
Any brand of Auto Tire
less -. s1.oo
Any brand wheel less -. $500
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
PATRIoTIa VS.. uNpATRIoT1c ACTION.


HE leaders the great America
tered into arrangement with the government by which
strikes will be aype and the stoppage of industry
vented will BIZ Wise and altogether in the labor
these local leaders Bridgeport who eng the inter
nationals of their crafts will take notice.
Labor leaders in Bridgeport groups There
the the Federation who entertain
the conventional ideas of trade organization There others
who labor leaders last and socialists fist.
The Socialist party has its place in the world It has its
place in America is becoming increasingly influential in
every country except America aA
only country which the Socialist party
has boone distincively unpatrioic and un-A American
Neither in Germany France, Russia Great Britain do
Socialists group attempt prevent victory There
group extreme radicals in Russia that conceived the idea
turning the nation over Germany they
patriotic and wiser leaders, who represented the
majority of the Socialist party in Russia
Socialism America has split into two groups patriotic
group and anti patriotic group The antipatrioic group
il action belief; for the reason perhaps
that the foundations Socialism this country laid
of German birth and anecedens
The anti patriotic element the Socialists is the
II W. w. whose dogmatc beliefs lend hemselves.o many
sorts Of effort BY which America is crippled in it's fighting
So VIGOROUSLY unpatrotic have activities
part of Socialism that like Charles Edward RUSSELL A.
simmons Spargo Stokes Gaylord left the party
The strictly American leaders of Socialism have become Of
sympathy with it and its war aims
The OF unparotc Socialism is perceived in
Bridgeport AS pointed out in the columns Of The Farmer
there 1873 places Of industry here which possible
The frst strike called not among achinsts but among
poishers the Remington Arms Co., where wages
high, conditions very superior and work steady.
The strike without the support of the national leaders
the poishers organization was conducted after the Inter
national officers had ordered it to cease.
The Remington Arms Co makes munitions of
The strike called in the Lake Torpedo Companys
plant where submarines made which among the most
necessary Of the implements of war.
the approval Of the national organization
both Of these plants possible if honest differences
existed invoke the good offices of the United States
This policy is favored by Mr.. Gompers and the great
labor leaders of America ~ ~
why Bridgeport ammunition plants,
the government has Been asked for its assistance2
Why the l35 possible industries in which strikes might
the two selected those which would most
cripple preparation and the two which wages and
dtions SUPERIOR
The Farmer supports organized labor does not support
rebeous labor agitaors who at and the time
against principles labor organizations and the
obligations Of American citizens.
The responsible for the polishers strike and those
responsible for the strike in the Lake Torpedo Boat Co. will
held for what they doing Bridgeport labor
will jeopardze the lives of American boys IN the interest
Of pro-German labor agators
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27

Alabama coal operators left for
Washington to protest that Alabama
mines cannot produce coal at the rate
fixed by President Wilson.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
AN EPOGHAL AGREEMENT.

>HE leaders of America including Samuel
Gompers Of the American Federation, and William H.
Jonnston gifted of men, head of the
national Association of Machnis have entered into
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27

The Argentine Foreign Office an
nounced that no reply was received
from Berlin to Argentina's protest
against the sinking Of the Toro
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27

Gotthold Prusse, a German subna-
rine expert, was arrested in Baltimore
for entering the barred zones without
a permit
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
RUBBER co.
1925 MAIN ST.

the toy interest, another win be de-
voted to groceries and so on. Here.
also, buyers will find club accomnlo-
dations, restaurant, and an informa-
ton bureau that will supply credit
data, shopping news. and the like.
Special provision is being made for
the convenience of women also.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27
BRIEF NEWS NOTES

Eleven hundred slav volunteers ar
rived at Marseilles from America.
Victor ]. McCone, secretary of the
Oregon Socialist party, is under arrest
at Lewiston, Idaho. on a charge of
treason.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-08-27

rights reserved)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
WOULD RAISE PAY
OF CITY WORKERS
Councilman Mills Introduces Measure
For Ten Per Cent Increase During
the Period of the War.

Councilman Morgan r. Mills intro
duced In the common council last
night an ordinance appropriating
100000 as an emergency fund TO be
used to increase by 10 per cent the
wages and salaries of city employees
during the war The ordinance was
referred to the finance committee.
Introduction of the ordinance was
the occasion of lively colloquy be-
tween Captain Min and Councilman
English. the former expressing aston
ishment that some employees of the
city had expressed a preference for a
candidate for governor from outside
the city. though two candidates for
the office live In Richmond. Coun-
Gilman Umlauf interposed an objection
on the ground that the discussion was
political and the incident was ended
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
Declared by Correspondent
j Direct From Berlin to Be
Another Peace Move
WAS MINISTER TO
CONSTANTINOPLE
Said to Have Been Much OPP
posed to Program Which
Eventuated in Making
Z America a Beliigerent
tBy Agence Radio to International
News Sarvics1

News SarVlcs-)
i Zurich. via Paris. Aug. 6,---The kais-
er has signed decree nominating DR..
Helferich as e-chancellor without
portfolio, and making the following
other cabinet nominations;
Secretary OF foreign a-nairs-Dr
Richard Won. kHelhmann.
Chief Of the political department for
imperial home arairs--Ludwig Theor-
xdore wallraf. burRomaster OF ColoSne-
1 Chief Of the economic department.
Rudolph Seh~amder. burgomaster OF
Ssrassburg.
\ Secretary Of state for justice-Pau
3von krause, national liberal deputy,
Chief secretary OF posts-Herr Rued-
hin
Chief Of the department of supplies
H--Hert Won waldo1.
hssan Braun and the Socialist. Au-
,xustus Mueller. are appointed under
4 Secretariez.
4 The emperor also made the follow
in appointments in tho Prussian cab
4 met
d prews
Minister Of q ance-oskar Heret
Minister Of .ttce-pr- Deter Spann
---~ er Of education-Dr. r
Schmidt.
rts~ - observation-disclosures Won
Eisenhart -Rothe
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
SPEEDING MOTORIST
IS FATALLY INJURED
Spivcy to Test Machine. He Met
With Tragic Fate.
STRUCK AUTOMOBILE
TREMENDOUS RIOW
Unfortunate Man Was said Ia HAVE
Been travelling at Forty-Miie CUP
When His Machine Was wrecked
In Collision.

while speeding along Monument
10 have been forty miles an hour
James u. Spivey. OF 1890 West cary
street. ran into an automobile at the
corner Of Addison street. and was so
seriously injured when he was thrown
from, the machine. that he died at the
Memorial hospital last night about .
o'clock The accident occurred about
: o'clock. Spivey is said to have run
his motorcycle directly into the auto
mobile. the force of which threw him
violently against a tree on the side
walk. fracturing his skull and injuring
his arm
Harry schwarzschild and Lieutenant
Walter Mercer OF the Richmond
Blues, were passing at the time OF
the accident. and they put him In an
automobile and rushed the man to
the Memorial hospital He was placed
immediately on the operating table
and also every effort was made to save
his life. He died about 3 o'clock. The
body was viewed by Coroner ]. NJ
Whitfield. who declared that Spivey
died from a hemorrhage of the brain
caused by the blow he received on the
head.
Had No Marks Of Identification.
There were no papers or other
| marks OF Identification on the mar
when ne was brought to the hos
pital The number OF his motorcycle
/ license was No. 1918. and Detective
Sergeant Wiltshire had Colonel b. O.
/ James. the secretary of the common
wealth.. go to his ONCE and ascertain
I the name in which the license had
| been issued. It was found to be tina,
of Spivey The machine into which
I he ran was owned by George G. Ware
! of 10l Belmont avenue.
! According to the story told the po-
| lice, Spivey was riding behind an
| automobile. going at about forty
miles an hour. He attempted to turn
|. out In order to pass, and in doing SC
| ran head-on into the machine OF
| Ware. The latter stated that his
automobile wa. struck with such
force that 1t was pushed back about
eight feet. and Spivey was thrown
about fifty feet. The motorcycle was
almost completely wrecked, while
/ the automobile was considerably
damaged.
After discovering the mans name
and ne found Mrs Spivey standing in
the front door. waiting for the re-
turn of her husband. when she ex-
, pected to go riding. She told the
detective that 1t has been prac-
tice ever since the motorcycle has
been owned for both Of them to use
it together. They started out yes
terday afternoon. but Spivey said that
there was something wrong with the
mechanism. and that he would drive
! around a few minutes before goins
/! out. 1t was while he. was giving the
machine a test that he met with the
accident
Spivey lived with his wife at 1896
| West Cary street. and was a ma.
chinist employed by the American
Locomotive Co. The couple had beer
married about four years. There are
no children. Last night the body wa.
turned over to the undertaken, ant
the funeral will DO held some tins
tomorrow W
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
HOW|TzERS HOME GUARD
TO ELECT CAPTAIN
Their Captain Elect Accepts Commits
sion In Regular Service Making
New Choice Necessary.

4 meeting OF the Howitzers' home
guard company has been called Tor
tonight In the Gymnasium building
at s 80 o'clock, for the purpose o;
electing H. captain. Mr. Frank r.
Rowe. who was recently elected 10
this Office. having accepted a COM
mission In the regular service
full attendance Of members enrolled
as we'll as Of ex-members of the bat
terry is very much desired. The. meet
ing will adjourn IN time for the cleo
ton returns.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
DAVIS ADDRESSES
RICHMOND FOLLOWERS
Avoids Declaring in Favor OF
Present Dry Law or Propos-
ed Amendment to the State
Constitution
MR., ELLYsoN CONFIDENT
on EVE OF ELECTION

just before midnight. Hon. J
Tnyior Eiiyson gave the following
statement to The Virginian,
III GREATLY APPRECIATE THE
SPLENDID WORK DONE HN Ml
FRIENDS IN SUPPORT OF Mh
NOMINATION FOR GOVERNOR.
AM GRATEFUL FOR ALL THEIR
GENEROUS CO-OPERATION. THE
NEWS KAYE RECEIVED FROM
EVERY SECTION OF THE COM
NoNNEALTH GISBs ASSURANCE
or BRILLIANT VICTORY"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
CHINA PREPARES FOR
WAR ON GERM ANY

(By a Stan Correspondent OF the In
tcrnational News Scryfcc.)
Picking, August 6.-China will
declare war on Germany. but will
not join the entente allies.
This decision reached special
meeting Of the cabinet has been
approved by acting president,
Yeng Kwo Chang. 1t was stated to-
day. The actual declaration will
he delayed pending the replies OF
the provinces and probably will bc
made public next week.
Germans here are preparing to
leave for Java \ Dutch c0lonA
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
GREAT ROAR. EVIDENCES
FLANDERS BATTLES ASSUMPTION

London. Aug. IA roax which wss
heard Throughout the afternoon In the
southeastern counties and which ~
times drifted down the wind to Lon.
don heraided the resumption az tbs
artillery battle on the Flanders front
today.
After more than week ~ ral1 aAa
fox the weather = sIoex1ng - Nlo
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07
The Red Cross

~ lighting the nations battle
Ut nome. Are you doing
YOUR share by joining the
great force for aid?
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07

(fontinued on Page F1vs).
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-07

give you the best service. II
you live in Richmond and faA
to receive your virgfnian,
Phone Randolph 222.