davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15
The Cooperative Banking System
Established Under Farm Loan Act
5y Frank Wilson, Federal Farm Loan Washington


The Federal Farm Loan act, adopt
ed in June 1915, and signed by Presi-
dent Woodrow Wilson shortly after,
creates comprehensive, cooperative
banking system to lend money to
farmers and prospective farmers for
purposes Of land purchase, farm
development, and the refunding of in
debtedneSS.
The system consists of two main
divisions; a money assembling agency,
through which the accumulations and
savings of the country are gathered
in, and meney-lending agency,
through which this money is distribut-
ed for agricultural uses.
The Farm Loan act, in brief, pools
the farm mortgages of the nation;
issues a collateral trust = security
against these pooled mortgages, and
sells these securities in the open mar
ket.
Theestablishment of this CO operative
banking system was made necessary by
reason of the fact that banks in most
parts of the United States have not
possessed the facilities to properly
take care Of farm loans because these
loans required too long time to run;
because interest rates to farmers have
been too high, ranging from per cent
per annum to per cent per month;
and because private money-lending
agencies had not realized the reflex
advantages to themselves of long
time. amortized loan to the farm
ers.
The machinery provided in the ap-
plication of the Farm Loan act has
three main divisions:
First-The Federal Farm Loan
board in Washington, d. c., composed
of the secretary of the treasury, Will
liam G. McAdoo, chairman ex officio;
George w. Norris, farm loan commits
sioner; Herbert Quick, Capt. w. S. A.
Smith, and Charles e. Lobdell.
Second-The twelve federal land
banks throughout the United States.
Third-The national farm loan asso-
Citations, each composed of ten or
more farmer borrowers, which associa-
tons secure loans for their members
from the Federal Land banks.
The Federal Farm Loan board Is
in charge of the entire system. It's
first important duty was to divide the
country into twelve bank districts and
locate one Federal Land bank in EACH
This board also provides the banks
with temporary governing boards dur
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

we give him the reasons for our dis
sent SO that he may the better fCrtify
and maintain his position or abandon
it. He is not misled by our silence.
We are still hampered with the old
court rules and do not make progress
toward throwing them off and adopt
ing new rules. Here are some of the
rules which we have approved ten
tatively:
Rule 1. 1t is the special duty of
the courts to give force and effect
to this mandate Of the constitution:
"All courts shall be open, and every
man for any injury done him in his
lands, goods, person, or reputation
shall have a remedy by due process
of law, and right and justice admin
istered without sale, denial or delay"
Rule 2. This court will waste no
time in the hearing of discussions on
technical points or on motions to adj
vance or delay cases, or to dismiss
appeals.
The system of delaying and amass-
ing business for court terms is dis
continued. But to promote order, and
to marshal and expedite the business,
the first Tuesday of each month shall
be considered as the first day of a
general or a special court term
Appeals may be considered and de-
termined at any time, and in all cases.
the court may, of it's own motion,
make special orders in regard to the
hearing and determination of a case.
Rule 8. The rules of the court shall
be literally construed with a view to
promote justice. and to make q plain
and simple the practice and proceed
ure. And in every stage of case
the court shall disregard or per-
NIT an immediate amendment of, any
error or defect which does not injuri-
ously affect the substantial rights Of
the adverse party.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15
THE SUPREME COURT
Saturday Evening Letter BY Justice J. E. Robinson.

appeal should not be heard at the next
succeeding term of the court unless
taken ninety days before the
first day Of the term. In
case of an appeal taken eighty nine
days before the first day of the semi
annual term, the parties had to wait
eighty nine days and six months be-
fore the case was put on the court
calendar for trial, and then 1t might
be put off for one or two terms; and
of course the result was grievous de-
lays and denials Of justice.
Our new supreme court is ABOUT as
democratic as a court can be. We
have not the least show of pomp or
arrogance. No crier announces the
coming of the judges or calls on peo-
pie to do us reverence by standing up,
or opens court by crying "Hear We!
hear We! This honorable court is now
Open" The judges come and go just
like other men and nothing is done
to inspire awe or fear. Men and
women and boys and girls come to
court; they come and go without any
restraint and they all are pleased and
happy and feel at ease. They listen
to the talk of the lawyers and the
judges; for we do our share of the
talking. When we do not understand
the lawyer we let him know it. When
his argument does not appeal to us
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

During the last two weeks or
about ten days we have heard and
considered several matters; we have
heard arguments on twenty appeals,
and decided most OF them. In five
cases l have written decisions. In that
way we propose to dispose of the
work on hand and then to consider
and decide every case within thirty
days after the appeal is filed, without
waiting for any court terms.
In a short time / expect other
courts to adopt our method of doing
business. A little leaven leaveneth
the whole lump. The idea of any
court being six months, or a year, or
two years, behind with work is per-
fectIy ridiculous. If judges cannot
keep up with their work they should
have manhood enough to resign. And
for a judge to leave his work undone
and to draw a salary for doing it
is, in effect, the same as stealing the
money.
In the U. S. supreme court, and
nearly all the states, they have a
court term system, similar to that
which has prevailed in this state, and
it has proven cause of infinite de-
lays and great curse. Thus, UNI
til recently, in this state there were
only two terms of court in year,
and there was rule OF court that an
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

ing the process Of growth. Later a
system of cooperative self-govern-
ment will be inaugurated under which
the associations Of farmers will direct
these big financial institutions, under
the supervision of the Federal Farm
Loan board.
Each of the twelve Federal Land
banks starts business with a paid up
capital of $750,000, subscribed by the
government, if private investors do
not subscribe it within thirty days
after the books are opened. These
banks have the right to lend to ma
tional farm loan associations up to
twenty times the capital stock Of the
banks. The lending capacity of these
banks . is automatically increased by
requiring the farm loan associations
to reinvest in the capital stock of the
banks one-twentieth Of the amount
their members borrow. Thus the
capital stock of the banks increases
in the same ratio as their loans. The
banks acquire additional money for
lending by selling their own bonds to
investors.
When a bank lends money and takes
first mortgages on farms in exchange,
it issues bonds against these mort
cages and sells the bonds to produce
more money to lend. +1 +ss
secured by the assets Of all the banks
operating under this system, and the
rate of interest on the bonds is ad-
justed by supply and demand. The
rate of interest charged to members
of farm loan associations for money
which they borrow from the banks,
cannot exceed by more than 1 per cent
the rate of interest paid on the bonds.
This margin is provided to pay the
cost of operating the banks. So. if
the bonds sell at per cent and the
cost of operating is per cent, the
interest rate to the farmer-borrow-
ers will be 5 per cent. If the cost is
held down to one-half of per cent,
the interest rate to the farmers would
be 4 1-2 per cent.
So, briefly, the members of the as
sociations of farmers borrow from the
banks; the banks issue bonds against
the farm mortgages and borrow money
from investors; the farmers invest an
amount equal to one-twentteth of the
they borrow, in order to pro-
vide an increasing capital for the
banks, and the whole process is done
under governmental supervision and
without profit to any individual.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15
MAPLETON.

Mapleton, N. D., Jan. 15.-To The
Forum: A jolly bunch of people had
an enjoyable time at the home of
Mrs. Treadwell Twichelll, Wednesday
evening. Delicious refreshments were
served.
DR.. and Mrs. Samuel Mitchell had as
their guest Mrs. Robert Johnston of
st. Thomas the first of the week.
Tim Haley came up from Fargo and
is visiting Mr.. and Mrs Ed. Driscoll.
The Misses Sarah and Evelyn Stave-
ly, who were visiting their aunt, Mrs.
S. A. Moore at Hunter returned the
first of last week.
A matched game of basketball was
played at Casselton Thursday evening
between the Casselton and Mapleton
girls teams resulting in victory for
the Casseltonians, So to 6.
The Interstate Business college boys
came up and played the Mapleton boys
Friday evening. The score was % to
IA in favor of the Mapletonians.
The experiences of the Mapleton
basketball teams this past week have
demonstrated the desirability of uni
form rules" by the several teams en-
gaging in contests.
the little daughters or Mr.. ana Mrs.
lodge held Saturday evening was en-
livened by basketball game between
the first and second teams and an
oyster stew. .s
There was a good attendance at the
mid-week meeting at the home Of r.
M. Pannebaker, last Wednesday even
ing. The three little sons of Mr.. and
Mrs. Albert Lindsey. Arlo Bowman,
John HARDWOOD and Albert Willis, and
thel tile daughters of Mr.. and Mrs.
William Collins, Martin Frances and
Margery Elizabeth were baptized.
Cor NJ
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15
LONG SERVICE RECORD

Cooperstown, N. D., Jan. 15.-Mar-
Mr.. LELAND has for over thirty years
been in office in Griggs county. In
the early history of the county Mr..
LELAND was chosen surveyor. He had
been, educated as civil engineer in
Norway and when he came here there
was a demand for his services. His
services were so satisfactory that he
had been kept in Office continually as
long as he would qualify.
However, Mr. LELAND, like most of
the pioneers, has lost some of his
youthful vigor and coupel of years
ago he determined not to qualify as
county surveyor, having been. ap-
pointed county superintendent of
highways. If he had qualified as
county surveyor he would have had to
go at the call Of anyone and in all sorts
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15
WILL PROVIDE RESIDENCE FOR TEACHERS.

Richand county has rural district which
composed of unusually progressive and wide awake farmers The
publishes elsewhere this ISSUE
consolidated school which they erecting 1t will be the
most complete the state and it worthy of that
signed by a firm of Fargo architects
But there consolidated schools in North Dakota The
consolidated school longer be termed either unique
Thanks largely the splendid work done n Macdonald
superintendent of public instruction while he charge
the rural school work of the state consolidated schools have been
established all over North Dakota
The Antelope district in Richand county however will not only
build consolidated school, will
the school house the teachers This
while idea and the example by Antelope district should and
oubedy will be largely copied throughout the whole state
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

of weather and conditions. This he
felt was too hard for him. He was
again elected last fall, but determined
not to- qualify or to be a candidate
for superintendent of highways, and
thus for the first time since the early
eighties Mr.. LELAND is just a private
citizen. He is congratulated upon
his long and successful record.
Mr.. LELAND will continue to dosur-
veying for those who need his SER
vices. s-
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15
fine FOR RHEUMATISM!
Musterole Loosens Up Those Stiff
Joints-DriveS Out Pain

You'll know why thousands use Mus
terole once you experience the glad re-
lief it gives.
Get a jar at once from the nearest
drug store. It is clean, white ointment,
made with the oil of mustard. Better
than mustard plaster and does not
blister. Brings ease and comfort while
it is being rubbed onl
Musterole is recommended by many
doctors and nurses. Millions of Jars are
used annually for bronchitis, Group, stiff
neck, asthma, neuralgia, pleurisy, rheu-
matism, 1umbago, pains and aches of the
back or joints, sprains, sore muscles,
bruises, chilblains, frosted feet, colds of
the chest Git often prevents pneumonia)
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Virginia Enterprise: The food spec
ulators can think of plenty of reasons
cost of limousines, steam yachts, sum-
mer cottages and foreign travel.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Practically every newspaper in the
state will get out special editions on
success than it was last year.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Mrs. c. Kramer of Dickey met with
a serious accident when she slipped
on wet floor and fell on pail
as to break two ribs.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Miss Lelah Conkey of Sherwood
was so unfortunate as to suffer a
broken right leg at the home Of j. H.
Copeland near Glenburn where she
has boarded while teaching.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

force here at present and large
punches of the finny tribe are being
carried in every direction. This is
certainly a great place COR winter
tiShinSr
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Hobert Kellum of Clyde had a very
severe cut inflicted in one of his legs
while operating a hay knife on the
Huron Stock farm near that place.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Does your skin itch and burn7 Or is
Jour appearance marred by patches of
eruption? There is no need of enduring
such discomfort when Resinol Ointment
usually stops itching at once and quickly
makes the skin clear and healthy again.
Dcctorsha prescribed Resinol Oint-
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

The Park River board of health
held a meeting and decided upon
making a sanitary survey of that
town as soon as conditions permit.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

At Sentinel Butte the village coun-
Gil has made arrangements for the
construction of a footbridge across
the dam at that place.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Plans are being made at Enderlin
for the annual school fair to be neId
at the school mouse Friday. February
16. A varied series Of programs will
be given
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

The Swedish Vasa church at Itch
field has been presented with splen-
did new baptismal font. The donor
is Emil Djuberg of Clyde, N. D.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-01-15

Some new play ground apparatus
will be installed on the play ground
IF the school at Lidgerwood. The
school board took action authorizing
he purchase
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02
Let's Begin Fly swatting Early.

Let's Begin Fly Swatting Early.
The most effective time to
fight is before the enemy is
ready, Why not open a swatting
campaign before the fly is
ready? That would give a
strategic advantage which would
keep the pest in check.
One can hardly imagine any
thing more desirable than a fly
less Missouri. Of course, it is
hardly possible to eliminate all
flies, but experiments have
shown that flies can be eliminat-
ed to such an extent that they
will be hardly noticeable.
Flies breed in manure and
other animal and vegetable
waste. By eliminating these
breeding places or by treating
them with substances which will
kill the fly larvae, flies can be
almost entirely eliminated from
any farm or community.
BY starting early, any COM
munity can practically eliminate
the fly nuisance but if the fly is
given an opportunity to prop
agate, determination is we'll
nigh impossible. The trouble
with most anti-Ay campaigns is
that they are not started until
the flies begin to give trouble.
Then it is too late for effective
work. Persons and organiza-
tons who are interested in fly
swatting campaigns should ap-
ply to the College of Agriculture,
Columbia, Missouri, for informa-
ton on elimating flies by treat
ing or protecting their breeding
places.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02
ASK FOR $4,000 BARN.
Live Stock Association Also
Wants $4,000 for Inves-
LEGATIONS.

Resolutions have been present
ed to the General Assembly by
the Missouri Livestock Produc-
ers' Association asking that the
body appropriate $4,000 for a
beef cattle barn for the depart
ment of animal husbandry at
the College of Agriculture Of the
University of Missouri. They
also want an appropriation Of
$4,000 to be used "solely for
investigation concerning the
live stock business, and for the
dissemination of the Information
thus secured to the farmers Of
Missouri" Resolutions were
also adopted favoring a food
stuffs law, a stallion law, and q
law protecting live stock and
poultry producers.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02
Great Demand for Grayfish.

A new "airtight" was placed
on the market in November, and
according to a statement of the
Department of Commerce, it is
going like wild fire. The pro-
duct in question is known as the
grayfish and is said to provide
the same quantity of nutriment
as a can of medium grade sal
mon, containing a little less pro-
tein and a little more fat. The
result of the analysis made by
the Bureau of Fisheries is that
the food is entirely free from
uric acid, small quantities of
which are found in all meats, in
other fishes and in all poul-
try. 1t is reported that the pres
ent demand is tenfold the avail
able supply.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02
This May Be What Your Hens
Need.

Hens cannot lay consistently
unless they have the right
feeds in the right proportions.
H. L. Kempster, associate pro-
fessor of poultry husbandry in
the Missouri College of Agri-
culture, gives the following ra-
tions for winter feeding:
(1) Scratch food: I part
wheat, 2 parts corn. Mash
(ground food) l part bran, l
part middlings (shorts), 1 part
cornmeal, 1 part commercial
beef scrap.
(2) Scratch food; 2 parts
corn, l part wheat. Mash
ground oats, buttermilk or sour
milk as a drink.
The parts in the rations are
given by weight and not by vol
ume. Other factors are met in
egg production and it may be
that proper feeding will not pro-
duce desired results. However,
desired results cannot be OBJ
tanned without proper feeding.
The ration is one of the import.
ant factors in egg production
which can be controlled. Certain
ly the man who feeds for egg
production will receive more
eggs in a year than the man who
follows no systematic feeding
plan. Mr. Kempster has writ
ten Feeding for Egg Production,
Circular No. 76, which may be
had by application to the Col
lege of Agriculture, Columbia.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02
Missouri Football Year Makes
Profit of $lI.O76.

A total profit of $11,076.71
made the football season of the
University of Missouri the most
profitable year in the gridiron
sport that the department of
athletics has ever had. The
share of the University from the
Missouri Kansas Thanksgiving
game at Lawrence, Kas., was
$11,430.96.
c. L. Brewer, director of ath-
tics of the University, is con-
sidered one Of the most efficient
men in his line of work in the
the United States. Under his
management, the department of
athletics at the University is
self supporting. After deficits
from the other sports of the
school are subtracted from the
years profits, the remaining
fund is taken for the improve
ment of Rollins Field, the ath-
letic field of the University.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

Mrs. B. A. Reynolds of Okla
homa who is visiting the family
of John Taubman went to the
Confederate Home Tuesday
to spend the day.
Misses Ruth and Ida May Kes-
sner of Central College went to
Chillicothe Tuesday for a visit.
Ben F. Nave returned to Sc
dalia Tuesday after a few
days visit here with relatives.
Misses Winifred Vim, Theo-
docia Morris, Lucy May Payne.
and Mrs. Charles Kinkead spent
Tuesday in Winton.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. H. Lee return.
ed Monday to their home in
Odessa after a few days visit
here with Mr.. and Mrs. James L.
Rice.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chris WiIcoxon
and Miss Bertha Harris spent
Sunday in Higginsvilia.
Misses Anna Bentz and Ida
Grinberg returned to their
homes in Kansas City Sunday
morning after a visit here with
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Caldwell.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

A majority of the members Of
the Missouri General Assembly
must have been hypnotized by
w. j. Bryan's speech, as they
Immediately let go of a consider
able lump of the taxpayers
money to pay for the printing Of
several thousand copies of the
speech. Anything may be ex.
pected from a body Of men who
will spend $1,000 a day for clerk
hire when a tenth of that
amount would be sufficient.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

Mrs. Ethel Byrne, a prisoner
in a New York workhouse for
disseminating birth control in
formation, is receiving too much
notice from the press. The fact
that she refuses to eat and has
to be stuffed" is evidence that
she is a fool, and should be
treated as such.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02


Methods of planting corn by
which one or two rows Of an
e~arly-maturing variety alternate
with one or two rows of a later
maturing variety have given
higher yields than either variety
planted alone, according to the
annual report of the Bureau of
Plant Industry. Where there is
likely to be a shortage of moist
ure during certain periods of
growing season, dependence
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

1t is stated that the clerical
force of the Missouri General
Assembly is costing the state
$1,000 a day. The total number
of clerks and employees is 356.
Can anyone imagine a more
foolish way to spend the tax
payers money?
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

Mrs. Arnold Simmons return
ed Tuesday to her home in
Kansas City after a visit here
with relatives.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

A comet, gigantic in size and
exceeding all those seen in
modern times in brilliancy is
speeding toward the sun at the
rate of 1,134,246 miles a day &C.
cording to the priest astronomer,
Rev. Martin Brennan. The
statement reads that the comet
will be a thing of glory in the
northwestern sky next spring
and will remain visible for 8
months showing its best in June.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

should not be placed in a single
variety; under such conditions
two or three varieties which
differ considerably in length of
growing season should be grown.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1917-02-02

If the Omnibus Public Build
ings Bill becomes a law. Rich
mond, Mo-, will have a $4,000
post office building.