davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
Invisible Asphyxiating Fluid Tried
Against French Trenches
on Western Front.
SMELL GIVES FIRST WARNING
Men Are often Overcome Before Real.
lzinu Their Peril--Water condenses
New Gas Into VisibiIity--Masks
Are Effective.

Paris--A new asphyxiating gas,
deadlier than any ever used before, and
also having the quality of lnvisibllity,
is being used by the Germans on the
western front.
TO date the gas has not been used
in any heavy attacks, and for this rea-
son the French officials believe that it
Is still in Its experimental stages. How
ever, small emissions Of the gas have
been tried by the Germans with strik-
ing effects, although counter-attacks
have always enabled the French to re-
take the trenches they evacuated.
The first warning Of the new invis-
ible gas is the smell. There Is no wave
Of gray-green vapor rolling toward the
trenches; but water condenses 1t into
visibility, and in the sectors of the
front where it has been used the poilus
have provided shallow bitches Of water
In front of their trenches to give them
warning of the gas.
crumpIe Up and Fall.
Those who have experienced the new
gas and lived to describe it assert that
the first few inhalations of 1t do not
produce the straRgling suffocation that
the old visible gas did. On the con-
trary, the new gas has a sickening,
sweetish smell, and a man may fill his
lungs with 1t several times before real
izing what 1t in The effect then is to
cause the person to crumple up and
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
Cannot Believe Germany
viii Carry Out Threats.

Notwithstanding this unexpected
action of the German government,
this sudden and deeply deplOred re-
nunciation of its assurances, given
this government at one of the most
critical moments of tension In the re-
lations of the two governments, re-
fuse to believe that 1t is the intention
of the German authorities to do in
fact what they have warned us they
will feel at liberty to do. cannot
bring myself to believe that they will
indeed pay no regard to the ancient
friendship between their people and
our own or to the solemn obligations
which have been exchanged between
them and destroy American ships and
take the lives Of American citizens
in the willful prosecution Of the ruth
less naval program they have an
nounced their intention to adopt. Only
actual overt acts on their part can
make me believe it even now.
IF this inveterate confidence on my
part in the sobriety and prudent fore
sight of their purpose should unhappily
prove unfounded; II American ships
and American lives should in fact be
sacrificed by their naval commanders
In needless contr0ventiOn of the just
and reasonable understandings Of in
tarnational law and the obvious die
tates of humanity, / shall take the lib
erty of coming again before the con-
gress, to ask that authority be given
me to use any means that may be nee
essary for protection Of our seamen
and our people in the prosecution Of
their peaceful and legitimate errands
on the high seas. I can do nothing
less. I take 1t for granted that all
neutral governments will take the same
course.
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
President Tells Congress Of Sew
eranCe Of Diplomatic
Relations.
REClTES KASER'S PROMISES
Says He Refuses to Believe subna.
rlnes viii Commit overt Acts
Against American Lives
and Ships.

Washington, Feb. 3.-President VIII
SON this afternoon addressed a joint
session Of congress, outlining the
events that led up TO the diplomatic
break with Germany. He said:
ITO the congress, February 3, 1917.
Gentlemen Of the Congress:
"The Imperial German government
on the 31st of January announced to
this government and to the govern
ments Of the other neutral nations
that on and after the LIST day of Febru-
airy, the present month, 1t would adopt
a policy with regard to the use of
submarines against all shipping seek
ing to pass through certain designated
areas of the high seas to which it Is
clearly my duty to call your attention.
Let me remind the congress that
on the 18th of April last, in view Of
the sinking on the oath Of March of
the cross Channel passenger steamer
Sussex by a German submarine, with
out summons or warning, and the con-
sequent loss Of the lives of several
citizens of the United States, who
were passengers aboard her, this gov
eminent addressed note to the I'm
perial German government in which it
made the following declarations:
eff 1t still be the purpose Of the i'm.
perial government to prosecute relent-
less and indiscriminate warfare
against vessels of commerce by the
use of submarines without regard to
what the government Of the United
States must consider the sacred and
indisputable rules of international law
and the universally recognized die
tates of humanity, the government Of
the United States is at last forced to
the conclusion that there Is but one
course Ii can pursue. Unless the i'm
perial government should now and inn
mediately declare and effect an aban-
donment Of its present methods Of
submarine warfare against passenger
and freight carrying vessels, the gov
eminent of the United States can have
no choice but to sever diplomatic re-
lations with the German empire alto
gether.'
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
TARDY SOLDIERS ARE HARD 70 HANDLE

dence on the first charge, The second
charge, Of illtreating George Boards
worth, was then proceeded with.
Wife Tells Her Story.
Lillian Beardsworth said she was in
Birkenhead Park on August 81. She
was standing near the water fountain
and saw her husband being taken over
the obstacles. He refused TO 20 over
the yaultlng horses, so they threw him
over At the water jump he refused
and they threw him partly into the wa
ter. This was repeated at the inclined
plane, when an officer said: stand
clear!" and the man fell After sew.
eral attempts they dragged him to the
top end. doubled him un and he fell
head over heels. They then threw
him over the escaladtng board which
was about seven feet high. like sack,
and he was caught on the other side,
For the defense Russell Roberts
called Corporal Williams, who said
that on August 81, when Duke was al
legged to have been In the park, he was
scrubblng floors.
Counsel contended that there was no
evidence on the first charge.
The accused, giving evidence on the
second count, described what took
place with regard to Beardsworth. He
refused to do the drills or go over
the obstacles, and therefore witness
acting under orders assisted him over.
In doing so no more violence than nee
essary was used than in dealing with
a man who was resisting. Boards
worth was not pushed into the water
nor was ne struck or kicked.
A foreman shipwright gave evidence
that he saw Beardsworth being COM
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09

fall; he has not the strength to try
to run away.
Like the old visible gas, the new
gas is much heavier than air, and
therefore rolls into the trenches and
abris. Once asphyxiating gas finds its
way into wind-protected spot, such
as the angle Of a trench. it takes days
for 1t to disseminate itself. It even
hangs" to barbed wire for hours.
frequently men have been "gased" by
entering portion Of a trench e hours
after the gas waves had rolled into 1t.
Rain does much to beat down and
break up the gas clouds, however.
The new French gas masks are as
effective against the invisible gas as
against the old gas.
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
No Alternative Consistent
With Country's Honor.

II think that you will agree with me
that, In view of this declaration, which
suddenly and without prior intimatlon
Of any kind deliberately withdraws
the solemn assurance given in the i'm
perial governments note of the fourth
Of May, 1915, this government has no
alternative consistent with the dignity
and honor of the United States, but to
take the course which, In its note OF
the eighteenth Of April. 1916, 1t an
nounced that it would take In the
event that the German government did
not declare and effect an abandonment
of the methods of submarine warfare
which 1t was then employing and to
which it now purposes again to re-
sort.
Il have, therefore, directed the sec
rotary of state to announce to his ex-
cellency the German ambassador that
all diplomatic relations between the
United States and the German empire
are severed and that the American am
bassador at Berlin will be Immediately
withdrawn, and in accordance with
this decision to hand to his excellency
his passports.
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
Purpose Only Defense
OF American Rights.

I'VE do not desire any hostile con.
Gict with the imperial German govern
ment. We are the sincere friends of
the German people and earnestly de-
sire to remain at peace with the gov
eminent which speaks for them. We
shall not believe that they are hostile
TO us unless and until we are obliged
to believe it, and we purpose nothing
more than the reasonable defense OF
the undoubted rights of our people.
We wish TO serve no selfish ends. We
seek merely to stand true alike In
thought and in action, TO the imme-
mortal principles of our people which
/ sought to express in my address to
the senate only two weeks ago-seek
merely to vindicate our right to Liberty
and an unmolested life. These are
the bases of peace, not war. Grant
that we shall not be challenged to de-
fend them by acts of wilful injustice
on the part of the government of Ger
many"
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09

pulsorily drilled Considering that the
man was resisting all the time he was
not forclbly handled,
Police Sergeant Haekslon stated
that he saw the proceedings Ia The
park on the date named IN the charge,
He said Beardsworth was not illtreat
ed, He was not Ia state ~ eEhaus,
ton and was not bleeding from q
wound Ia the face
Russell Roberts said that neardA.
worth had been q champion af The Ia
alienahle right nf the british soldier
to be- eourtmartlaied and have hlu
case heard, but he had been the Hfat
to deny that right to his clients, hut
for the witnesses who had heen aubpe'
naed these charges would have hFnann
down because ot their own weight mud
II would have been possible That the
men would have been under cloud
for many mouths,
Captain Rlmmer objected to the pre-
judlee which had been introduced by
Mr.. Roberts, It was not the duty or
q non-commissloned officer to use I'M
necessary force Ia carrying out his
duty.
The prisoner Marshall was remand
ed for the court to consider It's de-
ciSion.
]. w. Williams was charged with
lntreating Dukes by f0rcibly cutting
his hair and in doing so using unnec-
essary force. thereby causing pain aud
suffering to Dukes. Cheers was
charged with throwing kitbag at the
man.
Both pleaded not guilty, and owing
to the refusal Of the witnesses of the
fact to give evidence the prosecutor
intimated that he was not In a posi-
ton to proceed with the charge, and
the prisoners were found not guilty
and discharged
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
SAVE sass, 1000 ON HIGHWAYS
Use of. ConVicts on Colorado Roads
Results in Big Saving to
the State.

Denver ColO.-Approximately $685..
900 was saved to Colorado in the last
two years in the construction Of las
miles of roads by convicts, according
to Thomas lyman, warden Of the state
penitentiary. This amount represents
the difference between what the roads
actually would have cost under con.
tract and what was actually paid the
institution at the rate of 80 1-3 cents
a day for each convicts cost.
Many Of the roads were cut out of
solid rock in the hills for scenic high
ways, some of the most difficult and
wonderful pieces Of construction being
In the canyons Of the Grand river. near
Glenwood Springs. and the Cache ls
Poudre river, west Of Fort Collins.
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09

might appear to be susceptible of that
construction. In order, however to
avoid any possible misunderstanding
the government Of the United States
notifies the imperial government that
Il cannot for moment entertain,
much less discuss, a suggestion that
respect by German naval authorities
for the rights OF citizens of the United
States upon the high seas should In
any way in the slightest degree be
made contingent upon the conduct of
any other government affecting the
rights Of neutraIs and noncombatants.
Responsibility In such matters is
single, not joint; absolute. not rela-
i've
"T0 this note Of the eighth Of May
the imperial German government made
no reply. On the thlrty-first Of Janu-
airy, the Wednesday OF the present
week, the German ambassador handed
to the secretary of state, along with a
formal note, a memorandum which
contains the following statements:
""rhe imperial government, there
fore, does not doubt that the govern
ment OF the United States will under
stand the situation thus forced upon
Germany by the entente allies brutal
methods Of war and by their determine
ton to destroy the central powers, and
that the government of the United
states will further realize that the
now openly disclosed intentions of the
entente allies give back to Germany
the freedom of action which she re-
served in her note addressed to the
government OF the United States on
May 4. 1916.
"'Under these circumstances Ger
many win meet the Illegal measures
of her enemies by forcibly preventing
after February /, 1917, in zone
around Great Britain, France, Italy
and in the eastern Mediterranean all
navigation, that of neutrals included,
from and to England and from and to
France, etc, etc. All ships met within
Ethe zone will be sunk
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
Mistaken Vivacity.

Some girls in trying to be vivacious
only succeed in being noisy and bad
hammered. Viyacity does not necessi-
tate talking at the top Of ones lungs.
A great deal of slang is not essential
to making your conversation lively.
Some of the most sparkling ornaments
to society always speak in low, we'll
modulated voice, and use as good Eng
lish as can be heard anywhere.-GirFs
Companion
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
Refused To Be Bound
BY Any Conditions.

ITO this the government of the Unit
ed States replied on the eighth Of May,
accepting, of course, the assurance Civ
en-, but adding:
1.-The government of the United
States feels it necessary to state that
it takes it for granted that the i'm
perial German government does not
intend it to imply that the maintenance
of its newly announced policy is in any
way contingent upon the course of re-
suits Of diplomatic negotiations be-
tween the government of the United
States and other belligeIent govern
mentS, Notwithstanding the fact that
certain passages in the imperial gov
srnment's note OF the fourth instant
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
Recalls Assurances Given
BY Germany.

"In reply to this declaration the inn
perial German government gave this
government the following assurance:
"'The German government Is pre-
pared to do its utmost to confine the
operations of the war for the rest of
It's duration to the fighting forces Of
the belIigerents, thereby also assuring
the freedom of the seas, q principle
upon which the German government
believes, now as before, to be in agree
ment with the government of the
United States.
"'The German government, guided
by this idea notifies the government
Of the United States that the German
naval forces have received the follow
ing orders: In accordance with the
general principles of visit and search
and destruction of merchant vessels
recognized by international law, such
vessels, both within and without the
area declared as naval war zone,
ANGA&A ca A5 huN0A WA AOACS Sh0AA AVS
be sunk without warning and without
saving human lives, unless these ships
attempt to escape or offer resistance.
"'But,' it added, 'neutrals cannot
expect that Germany, forced to fight
for her existence, shall, for the sake of
neutral interests, restrict the use of an
effective weapon If her enemy is per-
mitted to continue to apply at will
methods of warfare violating the rules
of international law. Such demand
would be incompatible with the char
acter of neutrality, and the German
government is convinced that the gov
eminent OF the United States does not
think of making such a demand,
knowing that the government of the
United States has repeatedly declared
that it is determined to restore, the
principle of the freedom of the seas,
from whatever quarter it has been VIC
lated
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09

do you approve of prohibition?'
Eyes replied Uncle Bill BottletOp.
"With the present high cost of food !
dunno as it's sensible to try to take
care of hunger an a thirst both at
once"
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
noN,r SNIEELE

You can rid yourself of that cold In
the head by taking Laxative Quinidine
Tablets. Price 25c. Also used In
cases of La Grippe and for severe
headaches. Remember that.-Adv.
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, 1917-02-09
Even at Present Prices.

"All my wife thinks Of is eating"
Don't discourage her, old chap.
Grub comes cheaper than Clothes
Kansas City Journal.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-03-21
lie ROY TOWNSHIP
NEIGHBORHOOD NEWS AND PER
SONAL ITEMS.

Leroy, March 21.-Special: f.
II. G. Gross is conducting an official
test and expects to put several Hol-
stien cows on the advanced registry
Mrs. Peter Thomson departed for
Montana to join her husband, who
went with a a of personal property
a short time ago.
Mr.. Caldwell held a meeting in
the Downs schoolhouse last week in
the interests OF the farmers non
partisan political league.
Glen Downs is visiting near Lau.
rel, Mont.
Five hundred per cent Or more or
an investment is a good thing. Lit
tie wants ads in The Daily Leader
will bring these results.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-03-21
SESSION Of
CONGRESS CALLED
PRESIDENT Is EXPECTED TO AN
\OUNCE A STATE OF WAR
EXISTS.

Washington. ID. c.. March 81.
l1:30 a. m.-Special: President
Wilson today called congress in ex-
ira session on April 2. In his proc
lamation the president says the spe-
cial session is for the purpose of re-
ceiving a communication from him
concerning grave questions of inter
national policy.
The president is expected to an
nounc that a state of war has ex-
listed between the United States and
Germany since March Ia, when the
steamer, Algonquin. was sunk.
The president will demand from
congress drastic measures to protect
American commerce on the high
seas.
1t is also expected that the presi-
dent will ask that some form OF uni
versal service be inaugurated at once
to prepare the young men of the
United States for proper and efficient
service should they be called to per
form in behalf of the country in case
Of war.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-03-21

morning for tonsils at the Madison
hospital, as was also Mabel Schriver
yesterday. Mrs. Avery Williams, of
Ramona, was brought to the hos
pital yesterday, and will probably un-
dergo an operation.
The spring birds are beginning to
arrive. Prof. l.. c. Kellogg phoned
The Daily Leader that a meadow lark
made life joyous with its sweet notes
of song near his home, 913 Washing
ton venue n, this morning.
II. A. Hartwich. of Ramona, trans
acted business in Madison today.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hartwich recently re-
turned from st. Hilaire, Mimi.
where they spent a portion Of the
winter with their daughter. Mrs. NJ.
G. Drake.
Sioux Falls dispatch Father No
Ian, n OF the most popular Cath
Ollie priests Of eastern South Dakota.
who for many years a stationed in
Sioux Falls and who for some months
has been in charge of the affairs of
the church i'm the Garretson parish,
will leave Garretson in the near flu
ture. 1t is believed he will be as
signed to work in the Beresford par
ish. 1t is believed that Father No
land will be succeeded at Garretson
by Father Bushman, who for some
time has been in charge of the Beres-
ford parish.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-03-21
LOCAL NEWS.

Girls wanted at Hurts tailor shop.
Wanted at once, night cook at
Jacks Restaurant.
Eat at Jacks.
Big 25c meal at Rays.
Eat at Jacks.
Baby cabs, bicycles. sewing ma
chimes repaired. Phone 23S1.-
Frank Johnson.
Wanted. Old magazines and rags.
Madison Iron and Metal Co. Phone
2159.
Broken Lenses accurately dupli-
Gated while you wait. Eyes exam
ned and frames fitted. -Yaeger's
Optical Parlor.
Eat at Jacks.
Wanted. Girl for general house
work. Phone 6612.
For Rent. 240 acre farm. In
quire at ID. McKinnon & Co.'S store
Wanted. Team work of N de
cription in the city.-W. II. Shef-
wood. Phone 3774.
ID. NJ. Finnie, as commissioner
went to Wentworth on ditch business.
Lucille Lee Stewart in Ninety
and Nine" at the Lyric tonight.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-03-21
MONEY FOR ROADS
LICENSE MONEY ON ROADS FOR
UPkEEP AND REPAIR-A
YEARS REVENUE.

The county commissioners checked
up the record of license fees for au-
tomobiles. motor trucks, motorcycles
and transfers of motor vehicles for
the year ending March 90. yesterday
in the several incorporated towns
and cities of Lake county, and APP
portioned the funds to the territory
thereto entitled. The funds can be
used for the most part in the repair
and Improvement of existing roads
only. Another fund, raised from the
incorporated cities and towns, is
available in a general fund, and can
be used wherever the commissioners
see fit to apply il.
The following. under the law pre-
vious 10 1915, is available for grad
ing new roads. If necessary: Madi-
son. S~1.518.49; Rutland, s162.75;
Summit, S63, and Clarno. $S4.
Money available for the repair and
upkeep of roads. raised in incorpo-
rated cities and towns. but not avail.
able for use within their limits, is as
follows: Madison, $342.99; Went.
worth. $139.54; Nunda, $95.20; Ra-
mona. $234.44, and Winfred
$106.65.
The following is raised, and may
be used for dragging, browning anC
repairing roads in the limits of the
townships of the county:
Chester. "$27S.72; Wentworth
$172.12; Rutland, s24O.12; Summit
S129.62: Franklin. ~s186.15; Lake
View. ~$169.99; Leroy, s229.07i
Nunda. ~$142.10: Orland. s146.2O;
Herman, $1S6.07; Pennington
~$245.22; Badus. %$2O4.S5; Clarno
$122.40; Winfred. $207.12; Con
cord, "s221.S5, and Wayne. s173.4O
The amounts thus shown are net
the Is per cent which goes to the
state having been deducted and re
mitted to the secretary of state.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-03-21
BERTEL OLSON DIES
AGED FARMER OF NUNDA DIES
FUNERAL AT HOUSE To-
NORTHUMBERLAND AT
PRAIRIE QUEEN.

Bertel Olson, whose death was an
nounced yesterday in The Daily
Leader. died March 10 at ] p. m, at
his home near Nunda. He had been
suffering from kidney trouble for
years, but his final and most serious
illness was of but a weeks duration.
Deceased was born in Norway SO
years ago. He leaves a widow and
nine children-five sons and four
daughters. The youngest son is a
lad of thirteen. Three sons and mar
ried daughter live in North Dakota,
and are coming to attend the flu
neral.
The funeral will be held at the
house at i p. m, Thursday. and in
terment will be made at Prairie
Queen church after another service
there.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-03-21

We're complete. In each machine and
part, he gave demonstrations of the
work and effects. 1t might be noted
that the company welcomes visitors
to their most up-to-date plant, and
delight to show them the operation.
Supper was ready for serving when
the attendance returned to the asso-
citation rooms. 1t was served cafe
terra style, able assistance being rem
dered by Misses Baker, Hackett and
Schultz, chaperoned by Mrs. X. Knoe-
ri, and was ample and varied.
Then all members smoked-no.
the lady membership didn't either.
though they received the doubtful
benefit Of the curling wreaths and
animated conversation developed in
groups about the rooms. All ex-
pressed the satisfaction of having
spent both a profitable and enjoy
able evening.