davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-06-03
he Rambler Writes of Old Home of the Magrue1e

He disposed Of slaves named Merear.
Eve. Nero, Jenny, Jane. Harry. Kate.
of his estate showed that he had vari-
Gus business dealings with Daniel Du-
lany, Robert Peter, John Sprigg, Ma
thaniel Beall, James Hopkins, Grove
Tomlinson; Tsannn.. ;na5s, John Re Rawlings, John
earn Tanehi1l. Rev. Bennett Allen and
Edward Tansey.
Alexander Magruder of Locust Grove
was among those who voted for To-
eating the chapel at Rock Creek Au-
gust ia. 1928. He was chosen warden
April z, 1729, and elected to the vestry
March g.. 1923. In some of the old
memoranda mel o. 1nia now under the Rambler's
from the mouth of Captain John Run
up tto count tobacco hil1s) June 80,
1880. On October 4, 174S, he was rec
9mmended q1 for inspector Of tobacco at
of Rock creek. and qualified for that
office April 16, 1850 The vestry Of
Rock Creek was notified of his death
May II. 1851. John Claggett succeeded
nlm as inspector of tobacco at Ben
The son OF Alexander Magruder, Sam
uel Wade Magruder, to whom descend
ed the tract on which stand the old red
brick house and the ancient mill on
Caoln John run, married Lucy Beall.
daughter of Col George Bean and Eliz-
abeth Brooke. The will of Samuel Wade
Magruder was dated March 21, 1892,
and probated August Is in the same
year. His children were Levin, who
married Betsy Lynn and died in 1901;
Charles. born in 1851 and died in 1901;
Eleanor. resident of Georgetown in
1876: Sarah, born January IS, 1853, and
became the wife of William Wilson:
George BeaH Magruder. born in ITO
1ioa ~ =. -
GeorgetoWn and. second. her sister, Ann
Turner: Patrick, born in 1853 and died
IN 1919. and married. first. Sallie Turner
and: second, Martha Goodwin of vir-
William Warman Berry; Lloyd Magru-
der. born July Z, 1871. and died
March 9. 1886. and who married, first,
ms cousin. Eliza Magruder, February 1.
warren Magruder, who married Har-
rlet Holmes, and Thomas Contee Ma
gruder who was an officer in the navy
and married his cousin. Mary Ann Ma
gruder. April %, 1912.
Patrick Magruder, son of Samuel
Wade Magruder. was a representative
from Maryland in the Second Congress
ad and was clerk Of the House Of Repre-
from 1897 to ,1815. He was an active
ana conspicuous man in his day. and
the Rambler could tell many anecdotes
Of him If space permitted
ahioei w due Magruder, In his Will,
left tract called Piney Level, bought
from Herbert Wallace. to his sons
Levin and Charles; to his sons George
Beal1 and Patrick he left a '.Iot on
Cherry street, Georgetown. and the
house where I formerly dwelt," and
other land bought from Col. John
Murdock about two and a half miles
above said town. He left to these sons
the lot in Marlboro which figured in
the wills of several other Magruders.
Thomas -Beall. brother in law of the
testator. was executor of the estate
and the witnesses to the will were the
same Thomas Beall of GEORGETOWN,
Samuel Davidson and Thomas Flint
Samuel Wade Magruder was a man
Evening star., 1917-06-03

a tract of land called Hobson's Choice. John G.
England. Trustee.
* x
The property was bought in at that
sale by John A. Carter, who was the
husband of Lloyd Magruder's daughter,
Mary C. H. Magruder. In 1853 the
property, including the "gist and saw
MILL" was sold to William Orndorff,
whose name is spelled in some Of the
old records "Orndorf." The Rambler
has seen bills long antedating the year
1900 for grinding and saving at this
mill. The mill stands on that tract
which was called Hobson's Choice.
The history of this property. SO far
as the Rambler has heard. goes back
to 1749. when it was the home of Alex
ant1er .Magruder. who had evidently in
herited it from his father, Samuel Ma
gruder, who died in 1711 and who very
probably had it from his father, the
first Alexander Magruder, the emigrant
who came to Maryland following the
defeat of Charles III and his Scottish
army by the troops of Cromwell at the
battle of Worcester, in 1851. That
Alexander Magruder was one of
Charles soldiers.
From Alexander Magruder the second
the property descended to his son. Sam
uel Wade Magruder, and then to the
latter's son. Lloyd Magruder, who died
in 1886. Alexander the second, whom it
might be convenient here to call Alex
Evening star., 1917-06-03

Goth Battalion of Maryland Militia in
the revolution. and Justice of the
first court of Montgomery county.
which was convened in the house of
Leonard Davis at Rockville.
Samuel Wade Magruder figured in
many land transac ctions. There is one
deed recorded December 80, 1861. in
which Christopher Lowndes of Blad-
ensburg, Prince Georges county, mer-
chant, sells for 1000 pounds of to-
baco a tract in Frederick, now Mont
gomery, county. called whites Good
Luck or Burgess Whites Good Luck.
lying ION Captain John run. about a
mile below Rattlesnake den." Rattle
snake den is a place which the Ram
bier means to visit.
The mill and old brick house called
Locust Grove descended from Samuel
Wade Magruder to his son. Lloyd Ma
gruder. Lloyd was born at Locust
Evening star., 1917-06-03

has picked up six of the bags and us
starting them on their way to the mill.
1t flies round the curving tracks over
head, takes them into another room
and drops them in front of chute.
Here they are again sampled, and the
samples go off to the chemical assayer.
The bags are left right in front of two
men. who stand in pits, so that they
may not have to bend in opening them
and emptying the sugar.
The first process is cleaning the raw
sugar. AS the sugar comes in from the
plantation mills each of the brown
crystals has a slight coating OF slrup.
This is washed off and the sirup is
saved There is also considerable dirt
mixed with the crystals. SO much. in
deed, that two hundred barrels of pure
mud are taken out of the run of each
day. All of this mud has been paid for
as sugar, SO that at the present prices
it costs $he company something like
$4,000 Il day for pure mud alone.
After the first washing, the sugar Is
melted to a sirup, and this sirup is also
washed 1t is now yellow, and the color
of thick dark molasses. 1t has to be
filtered again and again. until it is as
white as the sugar sold in our stores.
The filtering is done in great tanks
filled with charred bones; ground
so that they look like gun
powder. This stuff is known as bone
black. 1t takes the coloring matter
and other impurities out of the sirup
and makes it as white as alcohol when
it comes from the still Bone black is
costly. but the refinery uses two mil
lion pounds of it every twelve months.
AS ne sirup goes through the filters it
grows lighter and lighter. until at the
end it is as clear as the purest spring
water.
The next process Is turning the clear
sirup back into sugar, and that into
crystals of just the right size. 1t seems
strange to figure on the size Of a grain
of sugar, but the sirup has to be built
up In such way that the grains win
be uniform throughout. This is done
by steaming and boiling, and measur-
ing the grains by means of the polart-
scope. 1t would require too much de-
tail to give the whole process. but the
result is the pure white granules used
on our tables. This sugar falls into
great bins. each of which holds $4,000
barrels. or some millions of pounds. II
Is carried from there again to the ton
Of the mill. and much of it passes
through other processes. which reduce
1t to the kinds of sugar that the people
demand and into the packages required
by the trade.
e FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star., 1917-06-03

of mark in his generation. In the writ.
ings of William Writ, who was born
at BladenS1urg, was Attorney General
in President -Jackson's cabinet, and a
candidate for the presidency, one may
read some references to Mr.. Magruder,
Writ writes, in part:
Samuel Wade Magruder showed marks of
Highland extraction. He was large, robust and
somewhat corpulent with round forid face,
short, curling sandy hair and blue gray eyes.
He strong of limb. fiery of temperament.
hospitable, warm-hearted and rough. AT times
he was kind and playful with the boys. but Woe
betide the unfortunate boy man who became
the object of his dspleasure. He took an early
part in Indian warfare
Samuel Wade Magruder was a lieu
tenant in Capt. Alexander Bealrs COM
pany in 1855, was chairman of the
revolutionary committee of safety for
the lower district of Frederick county
in 1876, captain and later major of the
Evening star., 1917-06-03

walnut trees and some younger trees
are growing with the locusts. but it is
the locust trees which give name to
this famous home. 1t is Locust Grove
and one of the old homes of the Wash
ington region. The main part of the
house is brick on heavy stone founda-
tion walls and with three broad out
side chimneys. The kitchen is a one
nd-a-half-story frame structure and
stone foundation and with. an outside
chimney that is stone to a point consid-
erably above the wide fireplace and
then of brick. Close by the kitchen
chimney rises a weather-beaten pole
surmounted by a bell, which has stood
there time out of mind and has called
generations of field hands to their
meals.
In the National Intelligencer in 1s3S
was published this notice:
BY virtue of a decree Of the Montgomery
county court. the subscriber will sell at public
auction Monday. the 26th day OF February.
at the late residence of Lloyd MaSruder. de-
ceased. al real estate consisting of a tract OF
land called Magruders Discovery and part OF a
tract called Resurvey on part of Hensley and
Addition to Hensley. containing three hundred
acres more less.
These lands lie in body and form one of
the most desirable farms in the neighborhoOd.
being about eight miles from the District of Co.
lumbia.
The improvements a commodious brick
dwelling house two stories high, kitchen. barn,
stable. corn house. etc.
There is also the property a gist and
saw mill upon a fine and constant stream. Also
Evening star., 1917-06-03
PACKING SUGAR BY MACHINERY.

granulated sugar. powdered sugar and
white Jumps used on our tables.
We shall now take a walk through
the refinery at Chalmette and see how
such sugar is made. l warn you at the
start that the trip may be Sabbath
days journey, and that you will have to
walk miles before you come out. 1t
will pay you to go, however. for this
refinery represents the highest type of
cost-effIciency work in the great indus
tries of today. 1t is an example of
what the country will have to do in
we must have If we would make Uncle
Sam independent in peace and in war
AS we go through the factory you
Will see how each item is taken into ac-
count. Everything possible is done by
machinery. There are comparatively
few men employed, and the savings arc
shaved to the thousandths of cent
The vapor that arises from the sugar
lost in the fumes. The steam is worked
over and over again, and gravity car
ries the raw sugar from process to
process. 1t is first lifted by machinery
to the top of the building, and when it
comes to the bottom 1t is almost pure
sugar. 1t is then carried again to the
top and dropped by gravity through
other processes. which, aided by steam
and electricity. finally land it in the
cars that carry it all over the Union.
Nothing is done by guesswork. The
sugar is sampled when 1t comes from
the steamer. and a half dozen different
chemists analyZe every lot to see Just
how much pure sweetness it contains.
AS it goes on through the processes
the sugar and sirup are tested again
and again. some of the work being so
delicate that scales which Will give
YOU the exact weight of a single hair
from baby's eyebrow are used in fix
ing the quantities. They will weigh to
the one thirty -thousandth of an ounce.
We first go to the wharf and watch
the steam crane lift the bags OF raw
sugar from the holds of the steamers
chemists. Then the great bags are
and drop them on the floor OF the ware
house. Here they are weighed>and sam
lifted. six at a time. by the Telpher car.
which operates on an overhead track
pies Of each lot are sent off to the
and runs along like a trolley high up
under the roof The tracks of the
trolley connect with tho storage COM
partments. The bags fly this way and
that. high over our heads. They go
from one room to another and finally
drop on the piles just whore they are
wanted.
Each bag weighs $50 pounds, and the
Evening star., 1917-06-03

of the United States, and it has some
thing like 100000 acres of this crop
now in the ground. This area can be
still further increased. and there
Texas that could also be employed
for the purpose Indeed. cane is grown
in nearly all of the southern states
from North Carolina and Arkansas
southwark. and from the Atlantic coast
to Arizona on the west. At present.
Louisiana is growing almost the whole
of the product. and of the cane sugar
produced in our country in the last SIX
years 81 per cent of it has come from
this state
AS to the beet sugar industry. 1t is
comparatively recent as national fac
tor 1t is about quarter OF CEN
tury since beets for sugar began to be
successfully grown, but they now pro
duce more than three times as much
sugar as we get from our cane. In
1915 the product was about hfteen
pounds for every man, woman ana child
in the country. The chief states that
produce beet sugar in large quantities
are California. Colorado. Michigan.
Utah and Idaho. smaller amounts com
ing from Nebraska, Ohio and other
states. The beet sugar area could un-
doubtedly be very greatly increased.
and we can. II necessary. raise all the
sugar We need by planting more beets.
have seen the cane pAanta-
tions of many parts of the world.
There is no doubt that the crop can be
grown more profitably in Cuba, Porto
Rico. Hawaii and the Philippine
Islands. Sugar cane is a child of the
tropics, and in this climate and soil it
must have protective tariff, or such
conditions as have existed for the last
year or so on account Of the war. to
make it pay well. The agricultural
authorities are trying to get the plant
ers to engage in diversified farming
but the movement in that direction
has been retarded by the high prices
OF sugar. and a greater acreage has
been put out this year than in the past
Riding through Louisiana, you can
see them everywhere cultivating the
crop. Sugar cane. you know, belongs
to the same family as Indian corn. and
a canefield looks just like cornfieId
until 1t begins to get ripe. The cane
is planted in burrows. about seven feet
apart, which run from one side of the
held to the other. The seed is pieces
OF green cane which are laid in the fur
rows, SO that they form long pipe Of
Evening star., 1917-06-03

cane reaching from one end of the row
to the other. Each little piece of cane
has bud. or eye, at every joint. and
when covered with earth these buds
sprout and make their way through
the soil. AS they come through the
ground they look like corn which has
been planted with the drill.
The cane grows rapidly. By August
the middle of October it is about twice
as high as the average cornstalk and
is ready for cutting. 1t is now chopped
off close to the ground. and carried on
wagons or on the cars of the planta-
ton railroads to the mills. Almost
every plantation has it's own mill. and
it is in these mills that the juice is
squeezed out and boiled down into
what is known as the raw sugar of
commerce. This is the sugar that is
used in the great refneries, which put
it through the various machines and
treatments that transform 1t to the
Evening star., 1917-06-03

food, the by-products of the refineries
are needed for making munitions. AL
cohol is produced from molasses. and
there is a plump little war bride" on
the other side of the Mississippi river.
not far from where I am writing. that
has grown fat off Of the molasses
alcohol she has already supplied dur
ing this war. Alcohol is needed to
treat nitrated cotton in the manufac-
ture of snokeless powder. and it is also
used in making other explosives From
the consideration of these things it will
be seen how important sugar is to our
national welfare.
And now let me show you where our
domestic sugar comes from. Here in
Louisiana is a good place to learn. The
state is largely dependent upon sugar.
and it keeps track of the output in all
parts Of the United States and all over
the world. Just now it is greatly in
creasing it's area planted to cane. 1t
produces almost all of the cane sugar
Evening star., 1917-06-03
Carpenter Describes the Governments Big Sugar Bowl

six more than a ton. Nevertheless, that
ton flies through the air as fast as the
little cash box on the wires of de-
partment store. The machine seems
like a gigantic cash carrier, save that
the basket is operated by a man who
sits in cage at the back and directs
the car over the track by pressing
button or moving a lever.
We follow one of the loads. 1t goes
into great wareroom in which a
quarter of million of these sugar
bags have already been stored. They
are piled up by the carrier as easily as
though they were feathers. Neverthe-
less. they weigh millions of pounds and
there is enough sugar in this room to
give the whole United States a taffy-
pulling. 1t covers the better part of an
acre. and it is a solid mass of sugar
bags, forty feet high. At the present
prices. more than S5,000.000 worth of
raw sugar is piled up on this floor.
But see! The mammoth cash carrier
Evening star., 1917-06-03
The Whole Gamut,

NEAYOR mitchell said at dinner
EV0 in New York:
Insurance rates. now that we're at
war, will naturally go up. 1 heard the
other day about young fellow who
went to an insurance agent and said:
I'D like to take out a policy, please.
Very good. SIR said the agent. Sit
down and have cigar. Now. then,
what kind of a policy do you want
to take out-life. fire, burglary, acci-
dent, murder. drowning, assassination
or marine"
"'I'll take the whole caboodle OF
them said the young man. I'm going
to try to cross to England through
the C-boat blockade"
Evening star., 1917-06-03

tional honor to participate in any con-
ference until it comes to peace con-
ference.
With this reservation something
more may DE said concerning the as
pirations which are expected to ma
voice at Buenos Aires. They undoubt-
edly, in some measure, will be infiu-
enced by the surroundings, althoush
1t is not assumed that the Argentine
government will have distinct pollcy
to submit. AS the host. it even may
remain in the background. in SO tar
as relates to definite suggestions
The Argentine Republic has many
eminent public men who are especlaliy
familiar with European affairs. inter-
national law is not an academic theme
to them. Some of them have taken
very advanced ground on arbitration
Fifteen years ago treaty OF arbl-
tine Republic and Italy was said to be
the most advanced movement of the
kind. in that it was substantial ac-
ceptance of the principle of compulsory
of former President Taft's position in
regard to the submission of questions
of national honor and his broad def
milton of questions which are justicfa-
Bile. This was at a time when Chile
and other South American countries
were strongly opposed to anything in
the nature of compulsory arbitration,
and pan-American conferences had to
SklrmfSh around the whole subject IN
order to avoid breaking up.
X =
An Argentine publicist, Luis Drago,
gave concrete expression to the CaIvo
doctrine against the forcible collection
of debts by creditor nations. 1t was
while minister of foreign affairs that
he addressed the note to Secretary Hay
in which this contention was declared
the policy for the countries of the new
world to adopt. Debtor nations nat
urally favored it.
The United States. as neither debt
or nor creditor nation. had no objec-
tion to 1t. but European Nations did not
take kindly to the principle. since most
OF them were creditors of the South
American countries, and were in the
habit OF pressing their claims for pay
ments by means of gunboats. The
principle enunciated by DIR. Drago not
withstanding' that it is unpalatable to
some Of the European countries. has
made progress during the last ten
years. although no Hague conference
has formally accepted it.
Since the war began. the aspiration
of Argentina has been that the South
Evening star., 1917-06-03
w ar
Prospect of South American S0lidaritv i'm the War

food and raw materfsls, what the South
American countries are able to supply
is subject to the same dangers as are
the cargoes of the United States. Gem.
eral commerce. which was beginniA
to take almost a normal course with
the entente allies, is again upset.
1t is not assumed. however, that
commerce-which. of course. would
mean neutral commerce-will be a
leading theme in the sessions at Buenos
Aires. if they are held. The broader
question is the possibility of exercising
Evening star., 1917-06-03

American countries should not only re-
main neutral. but should perform an
international function by safeguarding
civilization. This aspiration was given
public expression by DR.. Naon, the am
bassador in Washington, in an address
made few months after the opening
of hostilitieS. At that time Germany
had not entered upon her ruthless sub
marine campaign and the question of
safeguarding civilization seemed prin-
cipally one of preserving a balance be-
tween two sets of belligerents and ex-
Evening star., 1917-06-03

themselves at the Buenos Aires con-
1t is apparent that there Will be an
effort. to conciliate the weaker coun-
tries and to secure solidarity of
sentiment along pacific lines. The
prospect of speaking for all the ma
tions of America, or even of the south
ern continent. is dimmed by the proba-
BILE failure of Brazil to take part. Bra
Zil. like the United States. may be too
busy in protecting the rights of her
Evening star., 1917-06-03

erting good offices for peace. while at
the same time affording the means to
repair the ravages of war.
That Germany now will he interested
in any South American conference is
certain The curtain has not been lift
ed on South American affairs so as to
disclose what has been going on there
during the last three months. 1t is
known. as matter of course. that Ger
man influences have been at work to
hold the countries back from concerted
action with the United States at the
very time when their vessels have been
subjected to the same submarine war
fare as those of this country.
1t is true that none of the South
American countries has a large Mer
chant marine, and that consequently
there have not been many instances in
which their vessels have been attacked
without warning. but this has not al
tered the principle and it is to the credit
of the respective governments that
they have not been content with mere
apologies for mistakes" and With Of
fers of financial indemnity. Some of
the dispatches from South American
capitals. if not from Berlin, have rep
actually taking an apologctic attitude.
This may we'll be doubted, however, or
at least the sincerity of the apologies
questioned
The South American countries have
suffered through the interruption to the
movement of shipping caused by the Ger
man submarine campaign, yet not to so
g"tat a degree as might be anticipated.
Tie allies have wanted the wheat, beef.
mutton and wool of the Argentine Re-
public and have provided safe convoy
fer vessels carrying those cargoes.
They have wanted the nitrates of Chile
and have made sure that these carsoes.
SO valuable for explosives, were given
sufficient protection at sea, whether
transported through the Panama canal
or carried around Cape Horn.
They have not been so anxious about
the coffee of Rrazil, because their pee
pie are not coffee; drinkers, and this
product is not looked on as foed. Eut
Brazilian manganese ore has been con-
sidered of Importance for theblast fur
naces, which are the iasis OF the muni-
tion industry. and its protection an
parently has been vieT ed in the same
light as the manganese cargoes from
India.
In the final and desperate effort of
Germany to starve the allies, both of