davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
Questions About Drying and Canning

time of sterilizing until the water begins to
boil. Do not let the fire die down during
sterilization period. The water must boil all
the time.
8. What is water bath? A water bath is sim
ply wash boiler or pail with a rack in the
bottom and a cover high enough that the
Jars may be covered at least inch with
water. The temperature of the boiling water
at sea level should be 212' Fair. There also
arc commercial water baths.
T. What is the cold pack method Of canning?
The cold pack method of canning means that
the vegetable or fruit, with the exception of
the soft berries, is blanched in boiling water
or steam and dipped in cold water, then
packed in the hot jars; the jars are filled
with boiling liquid, partly sealed put in the
sterilizer and processed for a certain length of
time depending on the fruit vegetable
being prepared. The jar is then removed and
the cover fastened down tight. Lastly, the
jar is wrapped and put away.
5 Why do you blanch fruits and vegetables?
The most important reasons are to reduce
the bulk, to do away with the necessity for
intermittent process and to eliminate objec
tionable acid and acrd favors.
6. Why banch in live steam? All the delicate
vegetables including the greens and few
fruits, like apples and pineapples, should be
tlanched in live steam to conserve the mineral
matter and volatile oils
7. What do you do when the rubber bulges after
processing? If possible, press into place with
out raising the lid of the jar. If not, remove
cover, put on new rubber and re-process
from five to ten minutes. Do this also if there
is leakage.
g. Is it necessary to sterlize jars before filing?
No; wash clean, put in cool water with covers
off and heat, keeping them in hot water till
filled.
Q. How do you know when rubber is good?
Pull the rubber after scadng. If it returns
to original diameter, It is all right.
10. Why cold dip? To harden the product and
make it easier to pack, to set the coloring
matter, to make removal of skin easier.
IL. What Is the cause Of shrinkage? Shrinkage
may be caused by insufficient blanching, i'm
proper cold dipping, poor packing and grading,
too long period of sterilization, not having
the Jar covered with sufficient water In water
bath escape Of steam in pressure cooker.
IL. Docs any water get inside of the jar when it
is in the water bath? No; careful experiments
have been conducted in the Department of
Agriculture at Washington. Red ink was put
in the water surrounding the jars and there
was evidence of any of the cooring matter
getting into the contents.
Is. Can you use jar the second time II the con-
tents have spoiled? Certainly. Wash the jar
clear, put in cool water, bring to the boil
ing point and boil for a few minutes. The jar
will then be in condition to fill.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
By EMMA GARY WALLACE

IF A trifing scratch or wound is neglected
and becomes infected it not only causes in
- tense suffering, but it may result in the
loss of limb or perhaps life. Blood poison
ing is serious matter.
Now that the vacation season is at hand
when many will go out on farms, into the woods
and to beach resorts, it is good plan to have
in mind just what to do in case you step on a
shell and cut your foot, bark the skin on the
arm or get an unexpected bite,
A boy contracted a bad case of blood poison
ing simply from the chatting of the leather
thong Of his moccasn while he was enjoying a
much anticipated vacation in the woods. Either
the dye of the colored sock or other infection
set up an irritation. The party was far from
medical help and when the youth was finally
placed in the hands of physician his fever
was raging, and he was delirious. 1t took stren-
nous measures to save his life.
A few principles clearly kept in mind are
most valuable to the camper and every outing
or motor party should go forth with few
First Aid supplies. These may be carried
great many times and not be needed, but when
they are wanted, the fact that they are at
hand may mean all the difference between
safety and danger.
A wound should never be touched with the
bare hands. 1t is better to cover it up just
as it is rather than to run the risk of intro
ducing another colony Of perhaps even more
dangerous germs. II possible, however, the
wound should be washed out with an antiseptic
solution. If water is to be used, it should have
been boiled at least ten minutes as simply
bringing it to the boiling point will not kill
the germs.
Either weak suds Of antiseptic soap
weak solution Of salt and water is valuable for
this purpose; or half dozen drops of per
cent carbolic acid may be added to half pint
of boiled water.
Take sponge-sized piece of absorbent cot
ton, dip in the antiseptic solution, and squeeze
over the wound, letting the water trinkle in
and out. Repeat this until as much as pos
sibe has been washed away
If you have peroxide at hand, pour in some
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
gy MARY HAMILTON TALBOT

I'm hot weather. when meats, sea foods,
fruits and vegetables deteriorate so quick
M ly, every housewife should be able to de-
tect those which are unfit for food when offered
for SALE Unless she does this, waste, which
as the Turk says, "is the child Of the devil
soon runs her bills up to a dismaying figure.
The greatest care should be exercised in the
selection Of meats, especially in the smaller
stores where refrigeration facilities are not
satisfactory. have known of more than one
instance when only q slight faint caused
serious illness
Always reject any meat which is not firm
under the pressure of the finger, and choose
only that which shows clearly the branching
veins. Beef or mutton, to be wholesome,
should be Of rich, red color, with the fat Of
creamy hue Hard and skinny fat shows that
the animal was old before being butchered and
therefore tough.
Look under the kidneys and the flaps Of the
breast if in doubt as to the freshness Of veal,
as the color changes more quickly here than
any other place. If stale, the flesh will feel
moist and clammy before any such symptoms
appear in other parts Of the animal. The best
veal is pale in color, and the kidney is inclosed
in firm, white fat.
Pork which is not fresh is easily detected if
you know that the skin looks dark on the top
and is clammy between the creases of the legs
and shoulders. If you feel suspicious Of ham
or bacon, watch closely the knife the butcher
uses when cutting it; if particles of meat ad-
here to it, refuse to purchase.
The kidney, liver and heart should be most
Fill. Ill L.fa loal
kidney will look clear and bright If diseased
it will contain spots and appear dull and
cloudy. Dark spots appearing in liver will
indicate to you that the organ was not in a
perfectly healthy condition and is unfit for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
First Aid in Camping Accidents

of this gently. 1t will foam and "bOil out
some of the particles of dirt tho water did not
carry away. Besides, it is germicidal in ia
nature. If no boiled water is at hand, turn d.
peroxide directly into the wound very slowly
If the wound is greasy, cleanse with PIE.
get of the absorbent cotton moistened in hn.
zine, or the antiseptic soapsuds. Cover ID
wound with several thicknesses Of iodoan
gauze if you have it-as you should hav-a
your First Aid kit; pad with "a little more b
sorbent cotton, and bandage in place. Unlm
necessary to stop bleeding, do not bandags m
tightly.
Fishhooks make an ugly wound. Thg
should never be dragged through the tissues
but gently worked out of the flesh. Better yet
the barbed point should be cut off if you ca,
get at it, to prevent laceration in removing i
One of the dangers of 4 gunshot wound b
the excessive bleeding. This should b
checked, either by pressure-a compress d
gauze bound over the artery-or by the iF
plication of piece of ice wrapped in cloth and
applied at point TO cut off the blood supply
The patient should be placed so as to be con-
Portable.
Slight bruises can be sponged with witch
hazel, or cloths wrung out of hot water es'
be applied. The stings of insects can usually
be relieved by touching the irritated spots with
ammonia water.
If you are unfortunate enough 10 DO bittS
by snake, tie handkerchief tightly around
the limb above the wound to prevent the poison
from being taken into the circulation. Encour
age free bleeding Of the wound by manpc'
lating the surface about it with the fnsGh
Wash out with the strongest antseptic y@
have at hand and lose no time in seeking
doctor.
A dog bite is not always followed BY hydro
phobia. Wash the wound with an antisepes
promptly and, rinse with solution Of water ~, :,
ammonia-a teaspoonful to cup Of OoNa
water. Further to insure safety the wo'n'
may be sucked out, but this should not be %"
until it has been cleansed and rinsed. AL!
thing sucked out should not be swallowed NV
the mouth should be rnsed. OF course, SUI
geon should be consulted.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

have to spend several dollars on the doctor.
These fish are right from the river,
madam" said an itinerant dealer to me last
some tests to apply to fish / refused every one
he held up for inspection.
always look first at the eyes of fish, If
it is fresh these will be full and prominent,
with dark pupils; if the eyeballs are collapsed,
gray and dull, know that fish has been too
long out of the water to be safe. Fish in their
natural state have red gills; If these are gray,
muddy white or of a greenish tinge you are
right In refusing to buy.
If a fish is fresh it will be elastic to the
touch; if decomposition has commenced it will
pit readily under finger pressure. Don't de-
pend altogether on your nose when testing the
freshness Of fish; for a fish may smell per-
fectly fresh, yet deteriorate quickly when
taken from the ice. The reason is that dealers
will wash frequently fish which is on the turn
and thus keep down any putrid odor. A SOFT
red, pulpy appearance of the abdomen Is
sure sign that decomposition has set in.
You should remember, when purchasing
shellfish, Holsters and clans, that probable
trouble turks in all but the very freshest.
How can you distinguish them?
In the case of live or boiled lobster, fresh
live lobster will be green, quick in its move
ments, and when lifted up its tail will spring
back under it. When the lobster is boiled,
take hold of the tail and draw it out; if it
springs back, all is WE'LL but if the tail is limp
you may be sure the fish is stale.
A rough and ready test of crabs on the
market is to feel under the large claws to see
if they are sticky. If they are, buy other
crabs! If the apron" has dull, faded APP
pearance it is clear index of unfreshness
Another test is TO bend the main joints Of the
crab; if quite fresh, these will be very stiff.
In passing, it may be we'll to say when a crab
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

at once when touched Failure to close means
the oyster is weak or dead.
The same is true of clans. When first
opened they should be clear-cut in shape and
creamy in color. Remember that one bad
bivalve found in lot of them means the
whole should be discarded, as that one will
contamnate all the others. Oysters are some
times soaked in water to plump them; this
kind of an oyster will be very white and have
fiat taste.
Next to milk and sea food nothing deterior-
ates more quickly in summer than poultry. So
1t is necessary for women to select this with
great care and to know the good from the bad
A market inspector says
Chickens, when fresh, will have prominent
and bright eyes, moist and pliabe feet, flesh
neither fabby nor stiff which will give easily
when pressed by the finger Look at the neck,
crop and abdomen for the first signs of de-
composition. for it shows here in a blush
green color and a slight odor. AS decomposi-
ton advance the flesh becomes flabby loose and
easily detached, the feet get hard, stiff end dry,
the eyes sunken and dull. The housewife who
is not sure as to the freshness of any kind of
poultry before it goes into the cooking utensil
can ascertain whether it is fit for eating by
pouring hot water inside it; most unpleasant
odor will be emitted if the bird is unfit for use.
Blackness around the joints after fowl has
been cooked is a good indication that it has
stayed bit too long in cold storage"
Vegetables should be selected with great
care in summer; not only because it is a great
waste to buy those which have passed their
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

cup OF milk for FIVE minutes and add
one cup and half of cooked bean pulp,
one lightly beaten egg, one tablespoon
of peanut butter, one tablespoon Of
minced pimentos and q rather high sea-
soning of salt and celery salt. Mix the
ingredients well; turn into a creased
tin and bake, covered with a creased
paper, in a moderate oven for thirty
five minutes. Serve hot with tomato
sauce.
CORN CHOwDER
With green corn fairly reasonable
in price. a chowder of which II forms
the basis gives a delicious summer
luncheon. Fry, until delicately Drowned.
a thin piece of salt pork, cut in dice,
and one chopped onion; then add one
peeled tomato cut In bits, one table,
spoon of shredded parsley, the corn
pulp cut from four ears Of corn, the
cobs, each broken in three pieces, and
sufficient cold water to well cover the
ingredients, Cover the kettle closely
and simmer for forty minutes after IL
reaches the boiling point. Remove the
cobs, season to taste with salt and pap.
rika, and add one pint Of rich milk
and two cooked potatoes, cut into cubes.
Let the chowder boil again, break In
some crisp crackers and serve immedi-
ately.
MINCE OF CHICKEN IN GEM CASES
This is a good recipe when the
amount of meat on hand is small and
gems or mullins have been left over
from breakfast. Cut OF the top Of the
gems, remove little of the inside
crumbs (these may be dried in the
oyen) and brush over with little
melted clarified dripping. Heat until
crisp in the oven and fill with the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
By VIRGINIA CARTER LEE

ITO SECURE good nourlshing
meals, TO serve meat or fish only
once day, and at the same
lime keep the marketing expenditures
within the sum of Sl2 for four persons,
is quite a problem; but il can he
solved BY careful buying and equally
careful cooking. In connection with
the cooking, the proper seasoning plays
a most important part and a BIT oil
chopped pimentos or green pepper, inc
addition of a Tablespoonful of peanut
butter or a little caramel, as In the
rice pudding. will often give an appe-
thing flavor in dish that might
otherwise be commonplace.
The coarser grains are used almost
wholly. the only exceptions being The
BURBERRY cup cakes and the Washing
Ton pie. Wheat -four must be used IN
making these.
Meat is conspicuous by its absence
from the coming weeks menus. The
remainder of the Hamburg roast is
sliced cold for Mondays dinner, a
four-pound fricasseed fowl is used on
Wednesday, and also gives luncheon
for Thursday and the soup for Thurs
davis dinner. 4 small slice of ham is
provided for Saturday and a steak for
SUNDAY.
Neither veal nor lamb is included,
because We believe in following strict
" the advice from Washington that
the young Of all animals shall he al
lowed TO mature. This is really no
hardship, because beef, mutton and
fowl can he prepared in so many ways
that there is no cause for mOnotony
in regard TO meat dishes.
In the purchase of the meat supply
one four-pound chicken will answer for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

first freshness, but because they are often tS
cause of illness.
Green corn should have fresh husks o. BE.
color, not wilted or partly dried, nor &c. 49,
the bright look of the fresh ear. CaODsC
should be crisp and bright in color; cucumDss a
turnips, carrots and string beans must pe ~.
to the touch with no suspicion OF hmPi'~
when broken. q,
Lettuce must show no trace Of the rusty =.
look that announces long keeping. puy -.
beets which have earth clnging to their To-. !,
this will show they have not been soake' :"
freshen them.
Vegetables should never be soaked IN SAX 49,
water to freshen them, for salt draws w.
juices from both animal and vegetable IS -
ials Cucumbers, for instance, when fre res ~ -
crisp are digestible, but are made IKE -.
leather when soaked in sailed water, N ~, ~
condition they often cause acute colo, ~ .;,s
times even death. Beets and corn, coh lss,
sugar, spoil more quickly than other 'es'
bles.
A physician said to me last summer: u,sA
"Quite 90 per cent of the diseases WnI
aff1ict children in summer have their o,9s'Ih
the eating of contaminated fruit. BY 'hIs hr
not necessarily mean fruit which :, ae
rotted that its decomposition is evident ~ =. n
senses, but that which if pointed out 70 SUD
would describe as Just on the turn. and
decay is due TO the presence OF oacW'.
its result is frequently cholera morous Il
Mothers should exercise the greatest 81 he
permitting the little folks to buy lron' ,hs
pushcart men at this season, for 1t Is ral '..uf
they have the proper facilities LOT AZ
fruit, AND it is to the children they tur"
pose Of their wares for few pennies
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

the fricassee, a one pound slice OF ham
for Saturdays evening dinner and a
wo-pOund steak for Sunday.
Select a good, thick steak of halibut,
weighing about one pound and half.
and, after its original service, use the
remainder for the fish salad on Satur-
day.
II will make for economy to use
either fresh or dried lima beans for the
casserole preparation; the outside
leaves, shredded, of a head Of lettuce
for the lettuce sandwiches on Tuesday
and the white inner leaves, for the din
ner salad on the same day. Utilize the
leftover peas from Wednesday, COM
bined with a cream sauce. as the filling
for the peppers served at Thursdays
breakfast. Make the vegetable mould
for the Sunday night supper on Satur-
day, utilizing any odds and ends of veg
etables that may be on hand in the
larder.
Two pounds of butter are allowed for
table use and half a pound of OleO for
the more delicate cooking.
Six quarts of milk will be required if
you follow the menus exactly. Seven
teen eggs will be sufficient for the week,
allowing four for the scrambled eggs
on Wednesday and three for the omelet
on Friday.
The items Of expenditure according
to the weekly budget should approxi-
mate these figures:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

minced leftover fowl that n.
n,oistened with some of the vr,re
seasoned with little chopped n., -
Adjust the hot covers Of the vsr.
serve very hot. ~
HALIBUT A LA CREOLE
Cooked with vegetables In th,,
one pound and half of fish will ~
four persons and also allow spfs.,.
for a fish salad the follovins ,ta
Brown slightly in a little hot w
dripping one minced green pepue, 80
which the seeds have been rem..'.
and one chopped onion; then ~ y:
peeled tomatoes cut into cuhes ~
of bay leaf, half q teaspoon Of al, ". Wy
sufficient cold water to cover N.
gradients. Simmer slowly, and vh.s
the vegetables are very tender M.
through PURGE sieve. Lay in a r,ss..,
pan a slice of halibut; pour over s.,;
of the vegetable sauce and b,ks -
hot oven, occasionally basting with ~
sauce. When the fish separates 49,
into flakes il is done. Remove TO I, ~
platter, add the rest of the uue. !.
tho gravy in the pan, and when ~
pour over the fish.
SLICE OF HAM WITH BROWNE
PEANIlT BUTTER SAUCE
Soak the slice of ham oyemId.
drain and stick with few whole elosss
Fry until well Drowned; remove "a
heated platter and add to the fat IN "A.
pan one tablespoonful of Drowned aou,
When thoroughly blended pour in sr,S.
ually a large cupful of hot water ,si
stir until the sauce boils. Ada IN.
tablespoonful of peanut butter, a q,
drops of Worcestershire sauce and !,
soon as the butter is dissolved pos,
over the ham.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

TTALF cup Of milk-whole, SKINNED or
II sour-a seemingly trifing matter,
- hardly worth the trouble to keep or use.
In many households quite a little milk is
wasted-left uncovered in glasses, regarded as
useless because the cream has been skinned
off, allowed TO sour, poured down the sink or
thrown out.
Now, if every home--there ere 100000 Of
them-should waste on the average one-haf
cup daily, it would mean a waste of 100000
quarts daily--912, 100000 quarts a year-the
total product of more than 100000 cows.
II takes lot of grass and grain to make
that much milk, and an army of people TO
produce and deliver it.
But every household doesn't waste half
cup Of milk a day? Well say that one-half
cup is wasted in only one out of hundred
homes. Still intolerable, when milk is so nu-
tritious, when skim milk can be used in max
ing nutritious soups and cereal dishes, when
sour milk can be used in bread making or for
cottage cheese.
The United States Department Of Agrcult,
ure, Washington, or your state agricultural
college will tell you how 10 use leftover milk
sweet, SKINNED or sour.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

simmer slowly for twenty minutes. Sea-
son to taste with salt, paprika and Gel
cry salt. Strain and when cold chill on
the ice. Serve in bouillon cups.
DRIED BEAN AND PEANUT BUTTER
LOAF
This dish will be found different
from the other varieties of bean loaves.
Also, it is very good. Soak one cup
of bread crumbs in three-quarters of a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

is light weight for its
size it will be found to
contain but little meat
aside from the claws.
The greatest care is
necessary in ascer-
tanning tn a t clans
and oysters, il bought
in the shell, are fresh;
for if bad they are
very poisonous. The
shell of a healthy oys-
ter is always tightly
closed and extremely
hard 10 open with a
knife. II found slight
ly open It will close
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

food. IL should be
clear and free from
blemishes, and the
lighter in color it is
the better 1t will taste
when it comes from
the pan.
Bear in mind that
it is n pretty safe
thing 10 turn your
head and walk on If
bargains in meat are
advertised. Perhaps
at the time you may
save several cents a
pound on the meat;
but later you may
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
Tested Recipes
CHILLED TOMATO BOUILLON

Use either the fresh or canned TO-
mutoes; if the latter, turn half a can
of the vegetables into a graniteware
kettle and add a bay leaf, one small
sliced onion, a bit of stick cinnamon,
a chopped stalk of celery, three whole
cloves and one tablespoonful of chopped
parsley. Add one pint Of water and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

These advice Mr. Hoover endeav
minds of American housewives lnex-
high living
problem afford ignore H. The food
which urged 10 consume at
increase The supply OF staples needed by our
by The fannesfr countries OF Europe fe as
YOU win see the menus
and provided al each meal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12

Monday
BREAKFAST
Plums
Fried Hominy Maple Syrup
Buttered Graham Toast
Coffee
LUNCHEON
Chilled Tomato Bouillon
Whole Wheat Crackers
Lima Beans en- Casserole, with
PimentOs
Rye Bread Stewed Rhubarb
DINNER
Vegetable Soup without meat
Sliced Hamburg Roast Potato and
Beet Salad (from Sundays dinner)
Blackberry Roll
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
Thursday

Thursday
BREAKFAST
Moulded Cereal with Berries
Dreamed Goldfish with Green Peppers
Graham Gems. Coffee.
LUNCHEON
Mince of Chicken in Gem Cases Cleft
over chicken and gems left from
breakfast)
Thin Whcle Wheat Bread and Butter
Stewed Rhubarb with Raisins
DINNER
Clear Chicken Soup
from water chicken was cooked in)
Stuffed Baked Tomatoes
Dreamed Potatoes
Vegetable Salad
Maple Washington Pie
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-12
One-HaF Cup of Milk

TTALF a cup Of milk-whole, SKINNED or
sour "a seemingly trifling matter,
- - hardly worth the trnnhle 10 Keen or use