davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Johns herald., 1917-08-23
Very Respectively Joe Burgess

Treasurer of Apache Co.,, Ariz.
 In the matter of the above communications received from Joe Burgess, County Treasurer, in which he states he has srevoked the designation of the St. Johns State Bank as a depository Of county moneys; the Boord of Su-
 continued on third page.
The St. Johns herald., 1917-08-23
REVOCATION OF APPOINT
 MENT.

l, OOG burgess, lE0dSuE6F OI Apache County, Ariz., do hereby revoke the appointment and des- ignation of the St. Johns State Bank of St. Johns, Ariz., as de- pository of county funds of Apa- che County, Arizona,
 The revocation takes effect on the 7th day of September 1917.
 The interval between the date of this revocation and the time of it's taking effect; is made for the | purpose of giving the said Bank and it's Officers an opportunity to have available, to turn over to me in cash, any and all funds of Apache county that may be on deposit in the said bank, on the date which this revocation takes effect. The St Johns State Bank of St. Johns. Ariz., is hereby notified that the said Bank will be required to turn over to me, as County Treasurer of Apache County, in cash all County Funds in your bank on the Seventh day of Sep tember. 1917.
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, 1 have hereuntO set my hand and seal of office this the 9th day of August, 1917.
 JOE BURGESS, Treasurer.
 August 6, 1917. Board of Supervisors of Apache County, Arizona.
 Gentlemen: 1 notice by publish ed copy or the minutes of your Honorable Board, under date of July 9th. that 1 was ordered to place on time deposit, for six months, the sum of $15, ,000.00 and $1O, 100000 for three months, with the designated rates of in- terest.
 You are advised that no Funds, since the first of July have been placed on inactive account. It having been my intention to re- yoke the appointment of the county depository 1 did not feel disposed to tie up any of the county funds for a certain length of time.
 Further, the right of your Board to order me to place any designated amount of Funds in the inactive account is questioned by me. Although, of course, 1 fully appreciate the fact that the placing of funds in the active or inactive account should be done after consultation by me with your Honorable Board. so that 1 may be advised as to the proper amount of expenditures to be made by your Honorable Board, in regular course, before making such transfers but, as far as pro- portion deposited to the active or inactive account. 1 deem 1t solely within my jurisdiction and rights, as provided by Paragraph 1853 of Title A. Revised Statutes of Ari- Zona.
 Very Respectively
The St. Johns herald., 1917-08-23

l General Land office and the trans fers made in the county recorders office be postponed for considera- tion until the next regular meet ing of the board on Sept. 3. The other propositions of soil survey and classification of the lands was rejected by the board on ac- count of the prohibitlve cost to the county.
 Two changes were made in the court house plans and specified tions and the proper orders given the contractor.
 Treasurer Joe Burgess appear ed before the board with request that he be permitted to move his office to the Stockmens State Bank. In view of the fact that the board has been to some little expense in fixing up an office for the treasurer in the Court house, and desiring to have all the coun- ty offices located as much as pos sible in the court house the re- quest was denied bo the board.
 The following communications from Joe Burgess, County Treas urer, were received and ordered filed. They are as follows towit;
 August 9th, 1917.
 To the Honorable Board of Super
 visors. Apache County, Ariz. Gentlemen: You are hereby mo- tifed that I have, this day, re- voked the appointment and desig- nation of the St. Johns State Bank to be a Depository of Coun- ty Funds, such revocation cover- ing any appointment covering and designation heretofore made by me, as well as any such ap- pointment and designation made by my predecessor or predeces- sors in office.
 This includes any appointment that may have been made by the County Treasurer during the per iod of 1915 and 1916.
 In the appointment and desig- nation of county Repositories made by me atyour July meeting, appointing and designating the Stockmens State Bank and the St. Johns State Bank, both of St. Johns, Arizona, to be county de- positories, your board changed my appointment and designation by eliminating the designation applying to the Stockmens State Bank, thereby creating and mak- ing a preferred depository of one bank within the county, and be- | lieving such course is contrary to public policy and public interest, l deem it my duty to take the above action in revoking the ap- pointment and designation of the St. Johns State Bank.
 You are further respectively notified and required to provide proper facilities for the office of the county treasurer, with which and within which to keep the funds of the county, on hand in my office. in cash. That is, a proper time lock, burglar-proof money-safe, as the county will have a large amount of cash on hand to be kept in the office at all times.
 The time which the revocation of the appointment and designa- tion takes effect, is shown upon the copy of the revocation hereto attached, and twill be necessary for your board to provide a bur glar proof safe to be in my office, by the date of that revocation, in order to safely and properly
The St. Johns herald., 1917-08-23
OFFICIAL PAPER OF APACHE COUNTY
AUGUST 23, 1917.
Proceedings of the Board of Su- pervisors, Apache Co.
 Arizona.

St. Johns, Ariz., Aug. 6, 1917
 The Board of Supervisors O Apache County met in regula monthly session on this date, con vening at the hour of g a. m There being present Chairman Heber Jarvis, Members John c Hall and w. A. Saunders, anc Clerk Levi s. Udall.
 Minutes of the previous sessiol of the board July End to 6 wer read and approved.
 The regular Out Door Relic Warrants for the month of Aug ust were order issued.
 Monthly reports of all tn, county and precinct officers fo the month of July were careful, checked and approved. The re port of Treasurer and Tax-CoIlec tor, Joe Burgess shows the fol lowing:
 Bal. on hand July 1st 5 95, 429.2 2 Receipts for mo. July 1852. 8 Disburse m e n ts for
 month of July 13 o95. 2 Bal. on hand Aug. 1 89, 346.8
 The following claims were ap proved and warrants ordered is sued from the Court House Bont Fund:
 No.
 Il N. P. Olson Construction Go
 Payment on contract $4641.8 & 12 John R. Hulet, f'gt
 charges advanced 11,2 13 w. P. Jarvis, freight
 on Jail iron S. I IA National Safe Clock
 Co.,. 2 vault doors 190.O 15 H.C. Overson. Court
 House Inspector and
 supplies sol, Is Cash Store, pump
 fixtures 35.1' General County Road Fund: q Gustav Becker, salary as Go
 Engineer & expenses 1O6.5 p St. Johns State Bank
 assng. road vouchers 18.0 23 DIX Udall, bridg posts 18.O "A Cash Store, lumber 85.9 25 A CM I, St J. supplies 34.1 26 Joe Burgess, elk B. of
 s. cash orders BPS 27 Becker Garage, gas, oil
 and repairs 88.2 28 Western Metal Mfg Go
 Fresno eveners IA. 29 Anderson Mere. Go.
 rods and nuts St. Johns
 bridge 28.7 30 Concho Mere. gas, oil GA 31 M Christensen black
 smith regairs 5.4t 32 w D Rencher survey
 expense 87. 3t B Earth Hotel, meal and
 lodging Co. engineer 5.5C 34 A & B Schuster Co.
 supplies 4.5! 35 M c Parks, tele. bill 1.5C 36 Jos s. Jarvis, survey
 St Johns-Zuni road 55.OC 37 J, Smith Gibbons sur
 vey St Johns-Zuni road 5000 The following claims were re jected by the board:
 Luther Hulsey, car hire Mazda lena trip $46.0(
The St. Johns herald., 1917-08-23
ty clerk s. court

ty clerk s. court 5000 Alei, Pena, janitor 25.O0 August Mineer, justice
 peace St. Johns pct $500 H J Jones, constable
 St Johns precinct 15.00 Jos K UdalI, J. Peace
 SpringerviIle prec't $500 Spencer L Wiltbank
 Constable Springerville 15.00 A B Candelario, J. P.
 Concho precinct 1900 Chas F Gillespie, con
 stable Concho 1900 T. R. Lee justice peace
 Nutrioso precinct 1900 E w Thompson, con-
 stable Nutrioso pet 1900 Chester B Campbell,
 j. D. Adamana pet 12.00 Chas L Day, j. p. St.
 Michaels 800
The St. Johns herald., 1917-08-23

Total S2262. 99 ST. JOHNS HUNT FREIGHT
 ROAD.
 This heinz the day appointed by the Board of Supervisors of Apache county, for the final hear ing and action on petition pre- sented to this board, praying for the establishment of the "St. Johns to Hunt" freight road; Now therefore it appearing that the Notice of Presentation of Pe- tition, petition, satisfactory proof of posting notices, appointment of board of viewers, report of board of viewers, proof of post ing notices of final hearing on petition all having been duly filed and the law complied with re- garding the postingof the various notices; and this being the date set for the final hearing on said petition and the time for the fil- ing of claims for damages or ob- jections to the road; and no one appearing to protest to the estab- lishment of the proposed road and all claims for damages having been duly settled,
 Now Therefore the board of su- pervisors of Apache county here by declare and establish the road from ''St Johns to Hunt" a coun- ty road conditioned upon the pro per maps being filed and placed of record in the county recorders office of Apache County, Arizona.
 The board stood at recess until tomorrow morning at 3 a. m.
 Heber Jarvis, Chairman Attest: Levi s Udall, Clerk.
 Tuesday, Aug Eth, 1917. ga. m.
 The board of supervisors recon vened at this hour, there being present all members and clerk.
 County Attorney c. E. Greer having made written application for a leave of absence from the state for a period of sixty days, dating from this Eth day of Aug ust, and being present in person and explaining his reason for ask ing for thls leave of absence, it was ordered by the board that he be granted this leave of 60 days.
 The Livestock Sanitary board of Arizona having given F. V. Barber a commission as deputy ranger for the north end of Apa- che county at a salary of $62. 50 per month to be paid by them, conditioned upon the board of su- pervisors of this county putting up an equal amount per month, therefore 1t was ordered that the salary of Livestock inspector and Deputy Ranger F. V. Barber be raised from 5000 per month which the county is now paying him to the sum of $62.5O per Said raise commencing from August 1st, 1917.
 JE Fancher appeared before the board in the matter of pro- position he desired to submit to the board for classification, soil and typographical map ping and abstracting of all patent dd lands in the county of Apache. He explained the matter to the board, and after consideration they ordered that the matter of abstracting of the records in the
The St. Johns herald., 1917-08-23

NO.
 205 J A Mineer, expense
 to tax conference 115. 90 2O6 Levi s Udall exp. to
 tax conference, 115. 90 207 Levi S Udall, deputy
 hire abstracting tax
 roll and telephone bill 26.60 POS J A Mineer, burro
 roundup expense I15.75 2O9 Mrs Alej Pena, pris-
 oners meals July 46.80 21O M c Parks rent of
 telephones July 1900 211 E M Patterson, wa
 ter for June and July 600 PIP Joe Burgess, out door
 relief cash orders 165.50 213 c Scheele, stamps 1900 214 M Dannenbaum, Ob-
 server contract July 37.50 215 Jos K Udall, tele bill
 Justice Peace 2.31 216 St. Johns Drug Go.
 Indigent Prescriptions 3.06 PIT Geo H Crosby Jr,
 judges expense 23.57 218 Isaac Earth Inc, fun eral expense and meals 50.40 219 Joe Burgess, tele,
 bill, July 50 220 St Johns Herald,
 contract July 88. 32 221 Geo D Barnard 6 Co
 conrt supplies ATS 222 E w Grimes, sher-
 ifs adv. money Aug. 1O5.0O 223 A. s. Gibbons Go.
 Atty. expense 13 co 224 Fred w. Nelson
 prem. on bonds sher-
 ifs deputies 5000 225 John Henry Heap
 Burro pasture bill 40.00 226 The Observer, print
 ing notices, etc. TAO 227 McNeil Go. supplies 21.04 Pay Roll demand for the sal aries of county and precinct off, cers for the month of July was allowed and ordered paid as fol lows to. wit:
 1st ] 2nd3 Heber Jarvis, ch 'rmn
 B of Supervisors $50.00 5000 John c Hall, mem
 Der B. of s. 41.66 41.67 w A Saunders, mem-
 Der B. of. 5. 41.66 41.67 Levi s Udall, clerk
 Board of Sup. 62.50 62.50 Dr. T J Bouldin, Supt
 Health 5000 5000 E w Grimes, sheriff 10000 10000 H. c. Johnson, de-
 putty and jailor 5000 5000 Jolm R Coleman, de-
 putty sheriff 37.50 37.5O. F V Barber, deputy
 ranger 25.OO 25.OO Thomas Perez, depu-
 ty sheriff 17.5O 17.5O John H Udall, Iclerk
 Superior Court 41.66 41.67 Greg Garcia. court
 reporter 5000 5000 G E Greer, Go Atty 10000 10000 Joe Burgess Tres'r 91.66 91.67 Anella s Lytle, Re
 corder 83.33 83.34 Geo H Crosby IT,,
 Judge 62.5O 62.5Ol J A Mineer, Asses'r 10000 10000
 per month Sylvester Peralto, ct
 interpreter 5000 Leah s Udall, depu-
 Chronic Constipation. It is by no means an easy mat ter to cure this disease. but it can be done in most instances by talk !
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
FUNERAL OF MRS. LEWIS

The funeral OF Mrs n. Lewis, who
died at $3.50 this morning three miles
east Of Chickasha. viii take place to
morrow afternoon at 9 o'clock from
the residence Of n. T. Scott, 1928 Mich.
igan avenue. Mrs. Lewis was twenty
nine years old at the time Of her death
and is survived By the following mem
bers Of her family: Mr.. and Mrs. r.
G. Hastings. her parents. Of Fayette-
vile, ark; her sisters. Mrs. E. H.
Eeads OF amber, Mrs. Ben Price Of
Arkansas. AIRS. J. A. Siagie OF Casper.
Wyoming, and Miss Roxie Hastings
and Miss Tommy Hastings OF Fayet.e
vile, Ark, and her brothers. sherman
Hastings Of Fayetteville and George
Of Gibson. No.
Mrs. slagle viii not be here Tor the
funeral,
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
CITY IMPROVES
SEVENTEENTH ST.

Seventeenth street Is NOW topic Of
serious confederation from the city Of.
ficials and thar th0roughfare % dastin-
"a 10 undergo substantial Improvement
II some Of the plans pow discussed are
executed
For days The city crew has been
grading ard leYeling the street from
afinnesota avenue 70 the University
Bouleyard and viii continue this work
until March T.
City Engineer Cranwell has been in-
structed By the mayor 10 submit esti-
mates to the council on Thursday night
of the cost o. matchmaking the street
as far as the boulevard, about one mile
and a quarter The estimates win be
prepared with and without the curb
ing. II being a double street five miles
u ourbing would be required 70 prop
erly complete the work but curbing
on only the two sides OF the street viii
be considered az this time.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
JUDGED INSANE ~ AUTO
DRIVEN TO ASYLUM

The -nUttiest OF All the nntsr who
hsve come down the pike n the
opinion Of one local officer. was yes-
serday afternoon adjudged insane IN
an automobile just outside Of the court
house and whisked off in the same car
five minutes afterwards to Norman
The patient wsa John H Tidwell.
coming from the east edge OF the coun-
ty and he wax accompanied BY his SON
in-law and Barney Curry
The man absolutely refused to leave
the car or to have anything to say.
Re kept digging into the straw on the
floor Of the car and spent his time
wringing his hands and trying to not
let any OF his inquisitors catch his
eye.
Tidwen had ljeen adjudged insane
before and recovered his reason. but
became violent two weeks ago. The
first indications OF returning insanity
was his unbroken silence. in contrast
with his usual jovial taIkatiyeness.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
WORDS, MASTERS
OF OUR ACTIONS
Importance Of Speech Declared 10 be as
Great as That Of Ideas

Words are women, deeds are men,
wrote George Herbert in the early six.
teen hundreds. Actions speak louder
than words runs an old proyerb. De
mocritus said. words are but the shad-
ows of actions. These are only half.
truths, however. They might just as
wen be reversed. There can be no ac-
ton without thought behind it. But
you can't voice a thought without
words. Words are the tools OF thought,
the weapons Of the intellect Word.
wisdom is thoughrwlsdom. Deep
thoughts require deep words. This
proves that words are the masters OF
an action--of all conduct.
The thought. through the word pre-
cedes the deed. guides it. controls it,
Words are just as important as ideas.
Thought without adequate expression
is void and empty. How beautifully
the scriptures express this In Genesis:
"Aiid Cod said: BE light made. And
light was made" And God said:
Let there be a armament
let the waters that are under the heav-
en- be gathered together let
the earth bring forth the green herb
let there be lights in the firm
ament" In fact, the words Of the Del
ty were His very acts OF creation. This
has a marvellous Significance. once one
stops to think Of it,
II words. therefore, play so impor-
tant part in thought and action, Why
is it that people in everyday life do
not cultivate the use OF words? Word
study would certainly get word.wis
dom, thought-power, deed-energy. A
dictionary should be a daily compan-
lon. Within reach every hour Of the
.wenty-four, frequent consultation
would produce surprising results in a
short time. We feel sure that our or
Ter Of The New Universities Diction-
iry win be OF lasting benefit to our
We know Of nothing thatl
'ouid be more welcome at the same
ime in office, school. home. shop and
Itudy. Our coupon in to-day's paper
xplains terms.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
PYTHIANS CELEBRATE
53RD ANNIVERSARY

Celebrating the iifty-thiFd annlversa.
~ OF the founding OF the Knights Of
Pythias, she local council had an oys-
ter supper last night ia their HAN, 42lia
Chickasha avenue About one hundred
members enjoyed the sociable and q
delightful program was rendered be-
fore the supper The feature Of the
evening was an original reading by
Miss Thelma wild Rose other mum
bers on the program were addresses
By Reg. 4. L. Cohen and } p Car
michael, vocal selection, Mrs O. i
Widncy, reading Miss Doris Gowdy
J. S. Garner was master of ceremol
niles.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
CARNEGIE LlsRARY BULLETIN

Open to 6 aud to 9. Sunday to
Is. Phone 1124.
New books received at the Library.
Bosher-People Like That.
Cobb-Local Color.
carpenter-Cinderella Man.
Dayless-Daredeyil
Dodge-skinners Dress Suit.
Dodge-Bonnie May.
Deland-Rising Tide.
Donnell-8liss Theodosia's Heart
strings.
Eaton-Hird House Man.
Grey-Boder Legion.
Gould-cap'n Kid.
Gray-Goiden Lamp.
HalI-CloFer and Blue Grass.
Harris-Circuit Riders Wife: Cir.
cult Riders.
Hueston-Prudence says So.
Johnston-Georgina Of the Rain
bows.
Lippman Burkses Amy; Martha BY
the Day; Martina and Cupid.
Sicily Ann; Chloe Malone.
Lincoln-AIary 'Gusra.
Mackenzie-Mr. and Mrs. Pierce.
Mccutchson--Light that Lies; From
the Housetops.
Norris-Heart Of Rachael.
Contraband.
World For sale.
sawyer-This Way to Christmas.
spearman-Nan OF Music Mountain.
smith-Enoch Crane.
Rinehart-Fish.
Tonpkins-Seel Of the Righteous.
T4rkiugton-Penrod and Sam
Ward-Lady Connie.
wells-Mr. Brilling Sees 1t Through;
Juvenile.
Bill-Hope Loring.
Braun-Their City Christmas.
Barbour-Tom Dick and Harriet.
Daulton-FaOm Sioux to Susan.
Dickinson-Children' Book Of Christ
mas Stories.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
Fox-Adventures Of Sonny Bear.
Faulkner-Christmas Stories.
Gates-Nannette and the Baby Mon
key.
Holland-Boy Scouts OF Birchbark
Island.
Jaekson-Dayid Copperfield Retold
for Children.
pottar-pleiing glsnd: Ttmmy TiS
toes; Jeremy Fisher.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
$5OO,OOO
REFINERY
FOR ENID

By uui.ed Press
Enid. Okla. FEB 10.-Piaus for q
new $4,000 refinery Tor this city are
ander way b. q nsE oEEaulzztion q
local men. known as the Globe OF and
Refining company. The primary pur-
pose o. the nsT project "a % handle
the production Of tasir wells in the
Garnald county fields. But sAolld
thls prove Inadequate, Oh VIII BE-
brought here from outside fields Five
tho1zzld barrels daily vii b. the ca
y1clty of the new piant.
The work On the construction o. the
Enid Refinery c0mpaly's nev thous-
snd barrel plant S pTQgrss sing. The
pipeline which VIII connect this with
tae ,corington field is being layed.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
pATaIorIc &c "

February iT 1917.
To the ccanty saperiHiszdsntss
The week beginning February 18th
and closing February 2itA has been
designated by proeiamation throughout
the country as a week q patriots
song. Itrlaf that the same VIII BE- o.
Served IN every school in the state q
Oklahoma Tie song service IA the
public schools SHOULD not be coanned
TO this one week AZ least one pssri-
otic song should be sung q each school
every day. Public school children
should be taught the story o. the ss-
ginning o. this nation ard the struggles
of oar forefathers as nation builders.
All this should inspire a loyal spiFit q
patriotism and the true type 0f citizen
ship.
] trust that yol Viii have in every
sehool ln your county some kind q
program commemoTating GsOrg e
Washingtons birthday. II school Is
not held on the END. hold these exeE-
cises on the 1lst Or zsrd. Send q let
ter % all Of your teachers asking them
10 display the American flag sn1 10
teach the children the flag salute.
There has never been a period in the
history Of our country when this has
been more important than it is al the
present time. America expects every
superintendent and every teacher t9
60 his duty. VIII we2
YOurs sincerely,
R.H. WILSON.
State superintendent Of Public Insiruc-
ton.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
WILL BRAVE BLOCKADE

~ AAANrA ANHos
New York. Fen. 20.AThe steamer
Orlean, the first American ship-carry-
ing contraband to brave the German
blockade since the break 10 German
American relations. which sailed from
this port February 18th, IS due in the
submarine zone On her way to Bor,
deaux today
The Orlean is a 5000 ton freight
steamer laden with contraband for the
French government. Whether news
viii come today that she has been sunk
without warming by the Germans re
mains 10 be seen. The Orleau sailed
unarmed unstriped flying the Ameri-
can flag. and owned. differed and
mostly operated by Americans
The orlean is owned by the Oriental
Navigation company OF IL Battery
Place. New York. and it is her first
trip under American registry. should
this boat be sunk without warning By
a submarine commander it might bring
to a sharp climax the strained situa.
tion between Germany and the United
States.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
Former Pastor Here.

friends welcomed Rev. James H.
Bennett to Chickasha this morning
while the former pastor OF the First
Baptist church was here on his way
10 visit his son at Comanche. Mr..
Bennett Is now occupying a pulpit in
Hope, Ark, but since leaving Chicka.
sha Mrs. Bennett died, her death oc.
curing at Prescott, Ark, in April.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
New District Deputy.

Mrs. II. r. Freeman. an accomplish
ed Texas lady. has accepted the posi-.
tion of district deputy for the Brother
hood Of American Yeomen, for Grady
and adjoining counties. She is now IN
chickasha and asks the cooperation
Of all Yeomen iu building up the local
Homestead.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20
Held Up for SIS.

A man from Missouri and pretty well
under the influence of liquor reported
at O'Clock this morning that he had
been held up on Two street and robbed
Of SIS. Officers took up the case I'M
mediately but could find no clue 10 the
identity Of the perpetrator Of the alleg-
ed theft nor could the victim throw any
light Oh the matter.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1917-02-20

A grass fire started b. boys vas
communicated % the barn Of F. c.
Hansen At 1862 South Tenth street. yes
teEday. The damage 70 the building
was si5 and about 6 70 the contents.
The property belongs 70 Mrs r b
Presusdge.