davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
OUR GREAT SUGAR BEET INDUSTRY
the Capable of the
Grand the Beet

Our experience thus far indicate:
that American sugar-beet seed
usually superior in termination and
capable of producing larger and bet
ter roots than the imported seed.
Our soil and climatic conditions
extending over large areas, favor the
production Of sugar-beet seed in suf-
fcient quantity to meet all future re-
quirements
Well-defined strains of sugar beets
of high yield and quality are essential
to the development of satisfactory
seed industry. Enough has been done
to prove that by careful and palms.
taking work such strains can be pro-
duced.
No intelligent study of cultural
methods in the production of sugar
beets or Of problems involving a
comparison Of varieties can be made
until Uniform and fixed varieties with
which to work are available.
The production of strains having
roots OF uniform size and habit of
growth and capable of yielding seed
stalks uniform in habit of growth
and maturity should make possible
improved cultural methods especially
in the planting of the roots and in
the harvesting Of the seed, that will
reduce greatly the cost of production.
After seed harvest the beet roots
and stalks remain in the ground in a
sound and palatable condition for
livestock feed. The present practice
Is to feed these roots in the field,
utilizing them as pasture.
The beet-sugar industry in the
United States is composed of three
distinct branches. namely, beet-seed
production. sugar-beet growing, and
beet-sugar extractions and refining
They are so linked that each is de-
pendent upon the others, not only for
its complete success but for its very
existence. Without seed the sugar.
beet industry, in which more than
10000 American farmers are directly
interested. could not exist. and with
out beets the 81 beet-sugar mills now
standing. with an invested capital Of
more than 500, 600, 900. would be Idle,
The beet-seed industry is. Of course,
the foundation upon which sugar.
beet growing and beet-sugar extrac-
ton rests. Because Of its fuDda-
mental character it is surprising
that sugar-beet seed production IN
this country has not received mue
general and more earnest attention IN
the past, The two primary canpes
that have operated against the de-
velopment of the sugar-beet seed in
dustry In this country were (l) the
lact that a sufficient quantity Of seed
10 meet our requirements was costly |
obtainable from European csvDh4es
reasonable price and a. tho pre-
valiing idea that conditions in this
from the standpoint either
u labor cost or of climate, would not
permit the successful development Of
me seed industry in the United
states. Recent experiences, how Il
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
CORN, TOMATOES, AND EGGPLANT

Sweet corn, to be at its best, should
be eaten within few hours after it is
picked, for its sugar content disap-
pears very rapidly after it is removed
from the garden. For this reason and
because of its very general popularity,
it is an excellent vegetable to grow
in the home garden. 1t should be
planted on rich land and cultivated
in the same manner as field corn. Be-
ginning as soon as the soil is warm.
successive paintings may be made
every two or three weeks until late
summer. Another method of pro-
longing the supply is to plant early,
medium. and late varieties.
Another favorite vegetable is the
tomato, which now forms one Of the
most important of our garden crops.
In the North, it is very desirable to
start the plants in a house or a hot
bed. and to transplant them once or
twice In order to secure strong and
vigorous plants by the time all dan
ger from frost is past. Pot-grown
plants are especially desirable and
they may be brought to the blooming
period by the time it is warm enough
to plant them with safety in the gar
den. If the plants are not to be
trained but allowed to lie on the
ground. they should be set about four
feet apart each way. If trimmed and
tied to stakes they may be planted in
rows three feet apart and eighteen
inches apart in the row.
In common with all plants grown
in a house, hotbed. or cold frame,
tomatoes require to be hardened of
before planting in the garden. By
his process the plants are gradually
icclimated to the effects of the sun
and wind, so that they will stand |
to the open ground |
off is usually accomplished |
~ ventilating freely and by reducing |
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

marking animals by means Of ho,e.
and notches in the ear is nractioad
many herds, and a number of
sysoens are In use for this purpose
Ane hotches are made with a punch
specially designed for the purpose
Caro- should be taken to make them
30 mat they can be readily detected
IN running the fingers along the edge
or the ear. Under no circumstances
should they be made with knife, as
the outlines Of a small cut made by
such an instrument becomes oblit-
Grated or may be confused with the
slight natural indentations of the ear
as the animal grows older. 1t is also
very difficult to make the cut of the
right size with knife, and il too
large the animal is greatly disfigured.
This system, while causing a slight
Disagreement of the animal, is yery
simple and If rightly done the notches
are scarcely noticed. A serious dis
advantage, however. is that mistakes
In marking can not be easily cor
rected. To illustrate the use of this
method the following exam pies are
given: No. 7, two notches on lower
edge and one notch on upper edge of
left ear; No. as, one notch on lower
edge of right ear, one notch on upper
edge Of right ear and two notches on
lower edge Of left ear; No. 152, one
notch In center Of left ear, one notch
on lower edge OF right ear, two
notches on upper edge Of right ear. ,
and two notches on upper edge of left
ear.
The Identification Of an animal by
means Of TATTOO marks in the ears
has become quite common in recent |
years. THIS system OF marking animals
has the advantage of not dishguring |
the animal. and if properly applied |
the tattoo is permanent. so that the
chance Of losing the identity of the
animal by the loss OF the tag is greatly
On the other hand, 1t re-
lures close inspection to distinguish
the marks in the ears.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

wide variations in the individual beets
produced from commercial seed that
the mixed strains or varieties appear
ing In commercial fields are due more
to the method of growth than to
artificial mixing, 1t may be and
probably is necessary to have mixed
strains, or crosses, in order to COM
bine In one plant all the desirable
qualities of weight. sugar, and purity.
1t would seem, however. that little
progress can be made in the develop
ment of desirable strains of beets until
the present mixed varieties are sep
arated into their component strains
and the desirable strains recombined
IN their proper relation. 1t is no
more reasonable to suppose that such
a mixture of the present types of
sugar beets will give the best results
In yield and quality of roots than it
is to assume that the highest results
in livestock production can be
reached with mixed breeds of animals.
There are good sugar beets in these
mixtures that are now called by dis
tinct names and not all individuals of
pure type will be of equal value,
but the average in both quality and
yield is far below the limit of pos
sib1lities, and the highest plane of
development Of the sugar beet will |
not be reached until distinct strains
or types are produced and fixed, so
that they will come true from year
to year. 1t will then be possible to
work with the individual beet as the
unit upon which the quality and
yield of roots may be based. with
reasonable expectation that material
and permanent Improvement in quail
ity and yield Of roots may be produced
by eliminating the poorer and less
desirable individuals. 1t is not prob
able that in these pure strains the |
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
WEATHER CONDITIONS AND
FRUIT POIIINATYON.

1t Is a well known fact among the
best fruit growers that the weather
&C nditions during fruit bloom has
much to do with the setting Of the
fruit. If the weather is clear and
warm at blooming time the bees are
active and cross pollination proceeds
rapidly. while II the weather condi-
tions are wet, cloudy and cold the In
sects are not active and usually . poor
set Of fruit Is secured. Strong cold
winds may often prevent the bees from
CROSS pollinating one side Of the apple
trees and this may account for the get
Of fruit on only one side of the tSeaA
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

In examining horse there are sev.
eral points about the shoulders to hook
INTO. Short shoulders do not gener-
ally indicate sufficient room for =
large heart and for lungs capable Of
handling maximum quantity OF air.
Straight shoulders favor a Lon.
short, stubby action Of the front feef
A low carriage Of the head, with 4
heavy irresponsive mouth ara often
associated with a long back and a
correspondence short underline
whereas the opposite PROPORTIONS
namely, short back and long un-
derline. are desirable. The concu-
SONS or Jars on the front legs result
ing from their striking the ground are
considerably relieved by sloping shout
ders, while straight shoulders. by not
having this effect. tend to promote
early unsoundness of these limbs
Strong constitution, endurance, good
front action, and style are associated
with deep. well-sloped shoulders. For
draft purposes the shoulders should
have pronounced offsets, SO that tho
face of the collar will have plenty Of
bearing surface. The position of the
collar on shoulders which are deep
enough is not materially changed. Tho
heavier the pull the tighter the collar.
On shallow shoulders collar il squeezed
back with the result that the skin and
beneath the collar are often
sore. Sharp, thin, prominent withers
add depth and wearing qualities to the
shoulder. Shoulders that run well
into the back In the saddle horse aid in
holding the saddle in place.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
Hints for Poultry Raisers

1. Hatch early.
2. Use fresh eggs.
3. Long, pointed, short. round. thir
or too thick shelled eggs should not be
used for Matching purposes.
4. Chilled chicks are apt to have
diarrhea-
s. A good incubator insures early
matches.
6. The pullet Matched early in the
year is The one which will lay next
winter
7. If incubators are used, remem-
Der that 1t is just as important to have
good brooder.
8. The small coal stove brooder
which will accommodate 800 chicks Is
a good investment.
9. Little chicks should be kept dry.
Don't turn the hen loose too early in
the morning.
10. Yards sowed to oats furnish
hens and chicks material that can be
supplied in no other way than by
green food in some form. Later, rape
or buckWheat can be used to advan-
tage.
IL. Most people either raise twice
as many chickens as they should or
provide half enough brooding equip
ment. Plan your equipment for the
worst weather that can be expected.
II. Initiate nature in hen Matching.
Either make the nest in a bottomless
box on the ground or put an over
turned sod in the bottom of the nest
This assists the hen in controlling
evaporation from thaegg.
IS. Kill the louise. A piece Of blue
ointment the size of a kernel of wheat
rubbed into the skin just beneath the
vent will do It.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

mon float valve is used, through which
the water enters the cistern. On the
end OF the pipe horizontal check
valve is used through which the els
tern Is drained In the well, next to
the pump, and cut out valve is
used. which is .djusted to the water
pressure. Under this on heavy wire,
attached to the lever, a five gallon pail
or key is hung.
When the cistern is full the float
valve closes and the increased pressure
opens the cut out valve, and fills the
pail. and its weight shuts the mill Off.
A small leak drains the pail in a short
time and allows the mill to turn on
again.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
RIGHT
EAR

Notch Method of Marking Calves fos
Identification.
A number of marking systems have
peen in general use. among which
the following are some Of the mos,
common: leather strap around the
neck, with brass tag attached; ear
tags OF various forms; notches and
holes in the ears; and tattoo marks
in the ears.
The leather strap with tag around
the calfs neck is a convenient method
OF marking. The advantages of this
system are that the number NAV be
observed readily and no disfiguration
OF the animal is necessary. The cost
however. is somewhat higher than
that OF other systems because of the
first cost Of the straps and tags and
because their renewal is sometimes
necessary.
Ear tags of various materials and
forms are perhaps the most common
means Of identification; these tags
arc Inexpensive and easy to attach
but have the disadvantage Of being
easily torn from the ears.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

covered during the entire day and on
mild nights.
Eggplant Is started and handled IN
the same way as the tomato. Il il
perhaps. less widely known, bat 10
rapidly becoming a popular vegetable
The soil best adapted for It's produce
ton is fne, rich sandy loan, Well
drained. The plants should be set In
rows three feet apart and tvo fest
apart in the row. Free cultivatSua u
desirable and the plants shousd b
kept growing rapidly. On the other
hand. many growers belie~e dat
fresh stable manure shoued not b
used for eggpiAnts. and that TIE mad
should not contain unfeFnseneed ~.
etabie matter to any larYs eRssaI 4
dozen good. healthy plants shoaiA Gsp-
ply enough for the avefase-sisad FAM
lily throughout the season.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
A HEALTHFUL DRINK.

Buttermilk Is a most heathful
drink. II people would drink bs,ttsr.
milk instead Of whiskey IL would prob
ably be better for all concerned
Scientists tell us that there are geysn0
in sour milk which tight against the
germs causing death to the human
body. It Is also said that buttefmilk
has tendency to lengthen life. PEG.
pie In some parts Of Europe drink
largely OF sour milk. and these live
to very great old age.-Prof. H. II.
Dean.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
PRESERVING EGGS.

The most successful and cheapest
method of preserving eggs is in water
glass Sodium silicate). One gallon
OF sodium silicate, about SO cents
worth, will, when added to Is times
az much water, which has been boiled
and cooled. be enough to preserve so
dozen eggs. The solution should be
prepared and put in the vessels in a
cool place, then the eggs added as
they are gathered. There should be at
least two inches of solution covering
the eggs
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
KNOW YOUR STOCK.

A point in horse feeding which is
often overlooked is the kind of a
horse to feed. Most of US feed a
plenty of the best kind of feed but
some horses pay well for food and care
given and some do not. 1t is our bus
mess to know that we are feeding a
horse which gives adequate return for
his feed. Some horses do as much
work on less than half the feed of
others. Why not save feed in the
horse barn as we'll as in the COW barn?
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
The Windmill;
An Easy Plan to
Regulate Il

Regulating the windmill and water
supply on the farm is an important
matter. The following plan works
well and is worth many times its cost
as with it one can depend on having a
eistern full OF water when the wind
blows.
The cistern may be at any elevation
or distance from the we'll and any kind
of force pump may be used 1t is
made az follows: In the center Of the
cistern on an up-turned nipple, a COM
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
TWO GOOD APP1E RECnEA

Apple Salad. Mix two cups of CELERY
and two cups Of apples cut into small
match-like pieces with one cup OF
English walnut meats (chopped). Add
salt to taste. Mix with salad dressing
and serve on lettuce.
Baked Apple CusEard. Two cups sp.
pie sauce, 2 eggs, Il cup sugar. Beat
the yoiks Of egss and add to the ;
cups of apple sauce Bake for nfteen
minutes. Cover with meffngue made
OF the whites Of the eggs and cne-hAlf
cup OF sugar Return to the oven md
brown.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
AN UNUSUAL BIRD.

A black loon was shot in washoe
Lake, Cal. Such a bird has never
been seen there before. and it IL sup
posed to have been driven out of its
course by storm while migrating
south from the Arctic regions
The bird was a monster. measuring
eight feet from tip to tip of its ex-
banded wings. and nearly six feet
from the point of it's bill to the end
of it's TAIL
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
PANAMA CANAL SERVICE.

Since the Panama canal was put
into use in August. 1914. nearly 5000
ships have passed through it carrying
nearly 12,00o,000 tons of freight The
receipts in toll is about $4,000, 900,
with the cost OF operation nearly
$7,500,000 showing a heavy loss
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
WOOL INDUSTRY NEEDS
STIMULUS.

1t is a significant fact that the
United States government is expend-
ing several Thousands of dollars con-
Quoting a wool demonstration" car
throughout the states where sheep are
grown or should be grown. Two pur-
poses are back of this work: The in
crease of wool and mutton production
and the improvement 0 the grade of
wool placed on the markets. Of this
country.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

the amount Of water applied b IL
plant bed. The bed, however, shouId
not become so dry that tho plants win
wilt or become seriously cksocked IN
their growth. After few days II Win
be possible to leave the paalap m.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

Good ANIMALS for cut flowers are
marigolds, sweet peas. calliopsis, as
tiers. scabiosa, petunias, snapdragons.
and zinnias.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

Spring is the time Of year to pre-
serve eggs for home use. About half
of the eggs of the whole year are pro-
duced during March, April, May and
June.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
MARKING TO IDENTIFY CALVES

1t is important that each calf be
marked plainly so as to permit Of
easy Identification. This Is particu-
larry necessary in pure-bred herds
and should be done in all herds Of
any considerable size, even n COM
posed of grades.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

Sheep are good farm help. ThsyI
viii range farm from early spring
until late fall feeding of weeds and
growths that other stock will n0e
touch.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

Overlooking is worse than under
feeding, because you not only retard
the growth of your stock but waste
your feed.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

The dual-purpose COW Is too often
owned by a no-purpose man.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

The quietest people often create the
biggest noise in the world.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

Plums do well on sandy soil.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08
HOW TO SELECT A GOOD HORSE


o the Use for
$ Time Purchase
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-05-08

Has the orchard been sprayed vt
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1917-08-04
THE COMMON COUNCIL
Full List Of Aldermen Compos-
ing the Governing Body of
the City of Chicago.

Following are the names Of the al.
dermen composing the City Council
Ward.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-05-12

Reid, American ambassador to Great
Britain. was conveyed in a British
warship to the shores Of America has
nation rendered a similar tribute
and the action Of Japan in detaching a
Warship to transport the body OF Mr..
Guthrie was regarded as a special
mark Of amity towards the United
States as well as a tribute OF respect
to the dead diplomat.
Commander Viscount Hiroaki Tam
ura and Lieutenant Commander Con-
kichi Nakajima sailed on the Azuma
as the special representatives OF the
Imperial Japanese navy. Commander
Tamura will accompany the body to
Pittsburg. Commander Nakajima will
go as far as San Francisco.
High honors were paid to the am
bassador on the Azuma's departure
from this country. Bluejackets bore
the coffin to a launch while others
carried the wreaths which had been
sent by Emperor Yoshihito, Premier
Count Terauchi, Yiscount Motono, the
foreign minister: and Admiral Kato.
the minister OF marine. During the
passage from wharf to warship nine
teen minute guns were fired by the
warships in the harbor. Sentinels will
guard the body constantly throughout
the voyage. As the Azuma steamed
from the harbor another salute was
fired. the Japanese dirge was played
and the crews of all warships were
lined up on the decks.
Before his departure. Captain Miro
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-05-12


the gospel has been preached in
every nation" said DR.. Newell. "And
not only are the Jews returning to
Palestine. but they are gathering ma
terial to rebuild Solomon's temple.
"Paul's description In Second Tim
othy. 81 and 4. OF the .Derilous
times before Christ's second coming
ats our own age. This Is a time OF
great catastroLnes. of earthquakes,
ires. battles and disasters.
''The disobedience OF children to
parents has Increased alarmingly in
the last half century. In thousands
Of homes no grace is said at meal
time. Then people Iare becoming
lovers Of pleasure rather than lovers
Of God.
This also is a blasphemous age. A
child can't go ave blocks on an err
rand without hearing profanity and
obscene things.
I'm spite OF our boosted morality
there are 100000 prostitutes in the
United States.
"The turning away of Christians
from their faith as spoken of In Tim
othy. is being fulfilled. There has
been no time at which the people
have turned more to isms' and Sc
ducing doctrines.' There are thirty
one men in the world today claiming
ing to be Christ.
THE words spoken by Christ pre-
dieting wars and rumors OF war. and
the rising of nation against nation
before the end, are being fulfilled.
From the time Of the Civil war
there has scarcely been a nation not
at war. And now we have virtually
the world engaged in the combat"
DR.. Newell said he believed Christ
would come very Unexpectedly and
would come personally and visibly.
At his first return he would reveal
himself only to believers and they
and the dead Christians would be
caught up in the air to dwell with
Christ. Then would come the period
OF great tribulation. in which only
the wicked would be left on earth
and the devil would reign. ..
THAT time must last seven years."
said DR.. Newell, land 1t may last
700 or 1000 years. God pity anyone
living at that time. The end of the
great tribulation is foretold in the
twentieth chapter of Revelations. The
devil will be cast out and Christ will
return and reign for 1000 years. This
will be the millennium, a time of
peace and Joy. At the end OF that
time the devil will again be loosed
from the pit of hell and fire from
heaven will consume him. The wick
ed who are dead shall be raised and
the Judgment day shall be held"
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-05-12
A TESTIMONIAL OF
JAPAN'S FRIENDSHIP

YOKOHAMA. japan, May 12.-Bear.
ing the body of George W. Guthrie,
late American ambassador to Japan,
the first class Japanese cruiser Azuma
Is steaming homeward and is expected
to arrive at San Francisco about May
rs. Mrs. Guthrie. the wife OF the
ambassador. sails May on the steam
er Columbia, due to reach San Fran
cisco one day before the warship.
Not since the body of Whitelaw
II .'.'F.