El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1917-01-22
Continued from page OneJ

ON page 0ne-I
be serviceabIe if 1 attempt 10 ser forth
what we understand them 10 De
Must Be Peace without Victory.
: They imply first OF all. that II must
/ be a peace without victory II IS not
| pleasant to say this. I beg that may
7 be permitted to put my own lnterpre-
4 tation upon Il and that Il may De IN
/ derstoOd that no other lnterpreta-
( ton was in nv thoughts 1 am seek
( ing only to face realities ana 10 lace
{ them without soft concealmentS-
Must BE Terms of Equality.
Victory would mean peace forced up
on the loser, q vicIor's terms imposed
upon the vanQuished- il would be
adopted in humiliation under duress at
J an intOlerable sacrifice, and would
/ leave a sting. a resentment bitter
{ memory upon which terms OF peace
( would rest, not permanently, but only
as upon quickSand- Only a peace be
! tween equals can last. only peace the
/ very principle of which is equality and
/ a common participation in common
/ benefit. The right state Of mind. the
I right feeling between nations, is as
] necessary for q lasting peace as is the
Z just settlement of VeXed questions of
) territory or of racial and national al
| legiance.
Must BE An Equality of Right.
The equality of nations. upon which
peace must be founded II IL is to last
must be an equality OF rights; the
guarantees exchanged must neither
recognize nor imply a difference be
tween big nations and small, betN cen
those that are powerful and those that
are weak. Right must be based upon
the common strength. not upon indi-
vidual strength Of the nations upon
whose concert peace will depend
Equality OF territory or of resources
there OF course cannot he, nor anv
other sort OF equality not gained in the
ordinary peaceful and legitimate devef-
opment Of the people themselves. But
no one asks or expects ANYTHING more ?
than an equality of rights. Mankind is (
looking now Tor freedom of life NOT
for equipOises of power
Poland Must Be Autonomous
And there IS deeper thing involved ,
than even equality OF right among or /
gained nations No peace can last. or
ought to last, which does not recognize 2
and accept the principle that govern
ments derive all their just powers from
the consent of the governed. and that
no right anywhere exists TO hand peo-
pies about from sovereignty TO sOver-
eighty as If they were property.
L take II Tor granted. for instance. 7
II may venture upon 4 single example. Z
mat statesmen everywhere are agreed
that there should be a united, indie
pendent and autonomous Poland and
that henceforth inviolable security Of
he. worship and industrial and social
development should be guaranteed 70
all peoples who have lived hitherto
under the power Of governments devot-
ed TO a faith and purpose hostile to
their OWL
Common Consent Is Basis OF Peace.
1 speak OF this not because of anv
desire TO exalt an abstract political
principle which has always been held
very dear to those who have sought
10 build ND liberty in America hut for
the same reason that I have spoken Of
the other conditions Of peace which
seem 70 me clearly Indispensable be
cause [ wish frankly to uncover reali-
ties ANY peace which does not rec
Ognize and accept this principle viii in
eVltably be upset II viii not rest up
on the affections of the convictions OF
mankind
The ferment Of spirit OF whole non !
ulations will fight subtIy and constant
" against It and all the world viii
sympathize- The world can be at peace
only II its life IS stable and there can {
he no stability where the viii is in re-
oellion, where there is not tranquility
or spirit and sense Of justice and free
ION and right
Should Have Access to Sea
SO far as practicable, moreover. ev-
cry great people now struggling to-
ward full development of It's resour-
res and OF its powers should De assured
4 direct outlet to the great highways Of
me seas Where this cannot be done
by the cession Of territory. Il can no
loubt be done by the neutra lizatiOn of
ilrect rights OF way under the gen
-rdl guarantee which viii assure the
peace itself With a right comfy of
lI,s an s s' no nation need be shut
away from free access to the open :
paths OF the worlds commerce {
The sea Must Be Free ,
ANA the paths OF the sea must alik. :
n law and IN fact be free. The free
ION OF the seas is the sine qua non /
u peace, equality and cooperation No
iOubt 3 somewhat radical reconsidera-
ION OF many OF the rules of interna- 7
q II I
established may be necessary in order 2
% make the seas indeed free and COM 7
non IN practically all circumstances ! T
or the use Of mankind but the motive J
or sucn changes is convincing and I
compelling.
There can be no trust or intimacy q
'etween the peoples Of the world with r
lut them. The free constant nm I =
threatened intercourse of nations is an y
ssentlaI part Of the process of peace q
nd OF development II need not be
lfhcult TO define or to secure the free I i
oln OF the seas If the governments of [
ne world sincerely desire TO come to
Il agreement concerning it 8
Limiting Naval Armaments. i
1t IS problem closely connected I
win the limitation OF naval arna- {
lents and the cooperation OF the navies g
I the world IN keeping the seas al Il
nee Tree and safe And the question
I limiting naval ornaments opens the g
-lder and perhaps more difficult ques- s
ion OF the limitation of armies and of Il
il programs of military preparation. Il
Difficult and delicate as these ques- D
ions are, they must be faced with the { 1
tmost candOr and decided in d spirit
real accommodation if peace is 70 4
ONE with healing in its wings and a
Jme to stay Peace cannot be had with :,
NJ concession ana sacrifice. There L,
an be no sense OF safety and equality
mong the nations If great prepOnder- ! u
& ornaments are henceforce 10 con- v
nue. here and there to be built up
nd maintained.
Must Plan for Peace Like War.
The Statesmen OF the world mast "
an for peace and nations must ad- -,
~ ".tu dTeO on silS ~ pOllcy 10 cl
ade ready for pitiless contest and -,
valry- The question OF ornaments ! -
neither on land or sea. is the most I -
anu 'i'7ii7eiS PiaStiSa4 ~
"
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