The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1917-03-09

a government shipping board TO su'
pervise shipping matters generally, II
appropriated S50OO0OOO to be ob.
TUNED from the sale of Panama canal
bonds for the purchase or construction
Of ships TO be leased 20 private indi,
yiduals In an effort TO restore the
American merchant marine.
The AdamsOn eight-hour railroad
law was enacted on the eve Of al.
journment of the first session Of the
last congress. The enactment of
the measure prevented nation
wide railroad strike. It, however,
has never become effective. Be
tween the time Of its enactment and
the time for the commencement of its
operation, January l last, the constltu'
tiOnallty of the measure was Chul-
lenged by the railroads, and the whole
matter is now pending in the Supreme
court.
Supplemental railroad legislation,
proposed by President Wilson in his
annual message last December, failed
of enactment This legislation would
have provided for the prevention OF
strikes by compulsory legislation. II
was heartily opposed by all of the
bodies of organized labor which had
previously sought the eight-hour rail
road law.
Child Labor and immigration.
The child labor law barred from In.
terstate commerce all products of chill.
dren under sixteen years of age in
mines or of children under fourteen in
factories.
The passage of the immigration bill
with its literacy test was accomplished
over President Wilson's second veto,
The literacy feature had been
subject Of controversy between the eX-
ecutive and legislative branches of the
government for the past twenty years
Presidents Taft and Cleveland both We
toed immigration measures because
they carried the literacy feature
which all three presidents thought was
not a proper measure of the fitness Of
aliens for admission to the United
States.
The federal farm-loan act, commonly
called the rural-credits bill, created
- federal land banks with $75O.OOO
capital each. The bill provides a sys-
TEN whereby loans may be made to
farmers for productive purposes
through national farm-Ioan assocla-
tions, It will meet more particularly
the needs of agriculturists in the West
and South.
Under the vocational educational act
the federal government on a gradually
scale covers every state APP
dollar for dollar for secOn-
Diary school instruction in agriculture
and the mechanical and industrial arts.
On the eve of adjournment congress
passed the post-ofIice appropriation
bill with an amendment making "bOne
dry" all states having prohibitory laws.
This measure was introduced in the
senate by Senator Reed of Missouri
Its unexpected enactment had the eff.
feet Of absolutely prohibiting the ship.
ment in interstate commerce Of intOXi-
cants into states or territories which
forbid the manufacture or sale Of
liquor
It also closes the mails to all liquor
including newspaper ad- .
Neither can letters solicit /.
ing liquor orders be carried in the .
mails.
Sixteen Senators Retire.
Sixteen senator's have now discarded
their togas and prefxed their titles .
with "ex.' This disturbance Of per- .
sOnnel reduces but does not upset the .
Democratic control of the upper house.
The Democratic majority of TO is cut .
to 10, leaving out of consideration such .
senators and senatOrs-elect as La Fol .
lette, Hiram Johnson, PoindeXter and
Norris, officially classed as Republic /
ans but not always voting according to .
Among the nationally known sena- .
tors now retired to private life are .
Clarence d. Clark of Wyoming, who
has served in the senate continuously
since January %, 1895; Moses e. Clapp .
Of Minnesota, one of the original Pro. |
gressives; Luke Lea of Tennessee, now d.
only thirty-seven years old, known as .
the Baby Senator" James e. MARITIME
Of New Jersey who acquired fame .
early in his senatorial career by his |
stanch defense Of applejack as a bev-
erage, and John w. Kern of Indiana, |
who has been Democratic leader Of the .
senate.
Needing no introduction" among the .
new senators are Hiram Johnson of .
Frank B. Kellogg, trust
buster" of Minnesota, and Philander
c. Knox of Pennsylvania. Unlike the
rest of the senators-elect, "their repu-
tations are made" all they need to do
is to "live up to EN-"