davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26
Better.Nothers Competitions

One of the happiest ideas was the
contest among mothers IN answering
questions on the care of the baby.
Four localities reported a competi-
ton OF this sort in 1916, and il is a
plan so simple and admirable that
il could be incorporated in the pro-
gram OF any community.
In Trenton, N j., where a better
mothers contest was carefully work
ed out. the list of questions was as
follows:
/. How many children have you
had? How many are living?
,. What do you feed your baby?
3. How often do you feed your
baby during the day? During the
night?
4 Do you give the baby water to
drink?
). Do you give your baby coffee,
tea. beer, pickles, sausage, bananas,
oranges. zwieback, eggs, broth, or
oatmeal?
c. DO you buy bottled or loose
milk?
T. Where do you keep the milk?
s. Where does your baby sleep at
night? In the day time?
8. How many hours does your baby
sleep at night? In the day time?
10 Do you change the baby S
clothes when you put him to bed?
II. Do you open the windows in
the room in which your baby sleeps ?
u. Do you rock the baby to sleep?
IS. How often DO you battle your
baby?
Il. Do you use not, cold, or warm
water for your baby's bath?
IS. How soon after feeding your
baby do you give it a bath?
16. Do you give your baby paci-
fer?
II. Is your baby allowed to go to
sleep nursing bottle?
IS. Do you take your baby up
whenever he cries?
10. What do you do for your baby
when he vomits?
20. Where do you go for advice
when your baby is sick?
q How do you protect your baby
from the flies in summer?
22. Do you let anybody kiss your
baby on the mouth?
23. Is your baby registered
After the contest the committee
published in the papers a report
which answered all the questions in
of 1913 had given perfect answers
indicates that some more difficult
qustions might~well be included.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26
TO DEDICATE NEW HALL

The w. o. WIS. have their new
lodge room over c. H. Wilde's place
of business about completed and
newly furnished. They have decided
TO dedicate the new hall with i'm
pressive ceremonies on the evening
of Thursday May 3rd, at which time
prominent speaker from Des
Moines, and lady speaker from
Omaha, from the Woodmen circle
will have charge. This is to be fol-
lowed by program and luncheon.
The members of the order and their
families are invited to this dedica-
tory service which is to begin
promptly at eight o'clock.
The membership now numbers II
and there are many new petitions to
be voted on at the next regular meet
ing. This order was instituted in
Audubon about three years ago and
has shown a phenomenal growth. All
of the members are enthusiastic and
hope to make their order the strong
est in numbers of any organization
in the county.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26
The FATHERS
Message to Fathers

Tradition has in the past left all
the care of the baby to the mother.
The conditions of our present-day
society require that, in addition to
providing food, shelter, and other
material things, the father must
share with the mother the respon-
sibility for the health of his baby.
The following are some of the
things that he should understand or
do:
He should understand the impor-
lance of prospective mothers having
good care and advice at as early a
period as possible so as TO insure
the health ol the mother and pro-
tect the coming baby.
He should know the importance of
the mother nursing her baby. Breast
fed babies have mucn greater
chance of living and bee oming
strong, healthy children than have
bottle-fed babies. This is so impoI-
tant that anything that would alter
or lessen the mothers milk supply
such as overwork excitement. shOck
or worry, should be avoided.
If. after every effort is made, tie
mothers milk supply is not adequate
the father should know that clean,
fresh cows milk is the best substi-
tute, and should see that the baby
gets such milk and that the other has
the advice of the doctor on its prep
aration.
He should know that nearly one
third of all infant deaths occur as
the result of digestive disturbance
brought on chiefly by faulty feeding
He should know that soothing
sirups are dangerous, that pacifiers
are both needless and injurious, that
the baby needs rest and regular
hours of sleeping. and should not be
kept up late nor handled too much
He should know the importance
of good surroundings to the baby
the baby needs fresh air and sun
light as much as any plant. Like a
plant. the baby will droop and die if
kept in a dark. close room. deprived
of natures best health tonics- fresh
air and sunlight.
Cleanliness in and about the
home is even more important to the
baby than to the adult. Baby can
not protect itself against dust, dirt
and flies. Flies bred in the open
garbagec an or in the rubbish heap
in the yard may carry germs to the
baby's mouth. or milk and cause
diarrhea or other diseases.
The father should not fail to have
his baby's birth registered at the
health department. A certificate of
birth will be necessary for school at
tendance, going to work, inheritance
and citizenship.
Lastly. every father should know
of and take an active part in promot-
ing conditions in our city which will
give every baby a better housing.
improved municipal sanitation, i'm
proved milk supply, milk stations,
and visiting nurses, settlements, nur-
series, and other agencies for the
protection and conversation of in
FAINT life. He should know what his
own health department is doing.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26

liable statistics. About one-fifth of
the deaths occurring each year at all
ages are of children under ! year.
How do the infant mortality rates
of other countries compare with the
rate of the birth-registration area of
this country?
The same conditions which cause
the death of 13 out of every 100
babies born throughout the civilized
world, on the broadest of averages,
leave more or less permanent stamps
on perhaps two or three times as
many more babies who somehow
manage to crawl over the infant
dead line, many of whom will be the
fathers and mothers of the next
generation. The problem of infant
mortality, therefore, is far more
than one as to means of decreasing
the number of infant deaths. Its
scope is world wide, and on its par
tial solution, at least, depends the
welfare of posterity. The call for ac-
ton on such a problem may fairly
be termed urgent. e. B. Phelps.
1t was formerly believed that the
rate of mortality among children
who had not reached the first ami
versary of their birth was a wise dis
pensation of nature, intended to pre-
vent children with a weak constitu-
ton becoming too plentiful. Today
we know that great infant mortal
ity is a national disaster-on the
one hand, because numerous econo-
mic values are created without pur-
pose and prematurely destroyed,
and tho OF nr hnoottcn hn
of the high rate of infant mortality
affect the powers of resistance of the
other infants and weaken the
strength of the Nation in its next
generation. Prof. Dietrich.
Causes of a High Infant
Mortality Rate
The fundamental causes of infan-
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26
NATIONAL BABY WELFARE WEEK - MAY lst to 5tf


FAINT welfare; the employment of
full-time health officer; the establish
ment of division or bureau of child
hygiene in the local health depart
ment; the improvement of the milk
supply: the systematic after care of
infant paralysis; better birth registra-
ton, etc. Undoubtedly a great deal
can be accomplished when the whole
campaign is directed toward one end.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26
MAKING A NEW RECORD

Roy Prather who engaged in the
hauling and draying business about
three years ago set a new mark for
efficiency and service the fore part
of the week. On Tuesday he loaded.
hauled and unloaded 20 tons of hard
coal. In "a hours time he had
handled ~ tons. This is certainly a
remarkable record and it is doubt
full if it can be duplicated.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26

FAINT welfare to participate. From
the general federation the message
was carried to the officers of the
State declarations. Through the Gen
eral Federation of Women's Clubs
Magazine through the publicity de-
partment of the federation. through
press material issued by the Child
ren's Bureau, and through the active
interest of numerous periodicals and
news bureaus the baby-week idea
not only reached the more than 3
100000 women identified with the
general and State declarations of
Women's clubs but received wide
publicity throughout the country.
Interest in the movement led the
United States Acclamation Service to
devote a generous amount of space
in one issue of the Reclamation Rec
ord to an appeal to protect women"
to respond to the call of the feder-
alton. The plans adapted themsel-
YES well to the policy of the Com
missioner of Indian Affairs in urging
employees in the Indian Service to
use every occasion 10 work for the
preservation of infant lives. The
Public Health Service was one of
on the care of the baby for distri-
button in communities in all parts of
the country. The Office OF Home
Economics OF the Department of Ag-
riculture prepared a special bulletin
on Food for Young Children. which
was widely circulated. The National
Congress of Mothers and Parent
Teacher Associations cooperated ac-
a. -, = M, ,,ya ;fytA-
Many other national organizations
responded and took means to inter
est local branches Secretaries and
MEMBERS of State boards or depart
ments of health and State registrars
of vital statistics approved the plan
and took an active part in the cam
paign. Extension divisions of State
universities and agricultural col
leges gave great assistance. Child !
welfare organizations, Westinghouse
associations. churches. schools IL
braries, and other civic bodies. mag
azines and newspapers, department
stores and other commercial organ
izations and a score OF other agencies
helped.
Extent of the Celebration
Grafton several thousand American
cities, towns, and rural communities
organized and celebrated baby weeks.
The number of local campaigns held
in the United States OF which the
Children's Bureau afterwards re-
ceived authentic reports was 2,10O.
Requests for pamphlets and direc
lions as to how to hold baby week
came to the bureau from 2.234 com
munities Just what proportion of
these inquiries actually resulted in
celebration can not ne estimated.
After baby week the bureau sent to
each of the communities with which
there had been correspondence a
special request for report on the
local celebration. Less than one
half of these replied. but these re-
plies and authentic reports received
from other sources gave the bureau
a record of 2.l00 celebrations. In
definite reports, TOO vague 20 list,
indicate that this number is far be-
low the total.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26
PART /. BABY WEEK IN 1916
INTRODUCTION

Baby week was inaUguarated by
Chicago in 1914 and a second hahy
week was celebrated by New York
CITY in June of the same year. Fol
lowing their lead. Pittsburg, Indian
apolis. Topeka. Grand Rapids. and a
few other cities held similar celebra-
tons consisting of a week dedicated
10 the welfare of babies Lectures,
exhibits, baby-health conferences anu
contests, school programs, parades.
plays. the distribution OF pamphlets,
leaflets. and other printed matter on
the car of the baby. newspaper pub
licity, and other eXpedients were
used to concentrate attention Tor
seven days on the baby's needs, with
an emphasis calculated TO inspire a
popular response and result in per
nauent work for the reduction OF
infant mortality and for improve
ment in conditions affecting the well
fare of babies and young children
Preparation for the Nation
Wide Baby Week
In the fall of 1915 the General
Federation of Women's Clubs and
the Children's Bureau announced
their purpose to cooperate in pro-
noting a nation baby Week 10
be held in the spring OF 1915.
March 10 IL was suggested as the
date. but it was made plain that
baby week at any other period he re-
garded as part of the nationwide
campaign.
The President and the Secretary
of Labor gave public Endorsement TO
the plan; many governors and
MAYORS issued proclamations on the
subject.
The General Federation OF
Women's Clubs and the Children
Bureau urged all appropriate ma
tional.. State, and local organizations
and all individuals interested in in
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1917-04-26

Saturday will he the big day in
this city. The full program and
other information regarding the day
is found in the lower corner OF this
page.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
s49,aoe,411 FOR "Y."
War Council Gratified-Expects Final
Total To Exceed S5o,000,0oO.

Total To Exceed s5o,ooo,ooo
New York.-The National War
Work Council of the Young Mems
Christian Association announced that
the grand tota! of the nationwide War
Fund campaign is s49,209,411. This
exceeds by nearly $4,000, 900 the $685.
100000 goal set at the beginning of
the campaign on November IL.
President Wilson, on being informed
that the fund was greatly oversub-
scribed, telegraphed congratulations
to DR.. John r. Mott, general secretary
of the council.
MY heartfelt congratulations on the
remarkable and gratifying results, "
the Presidents telegram read. II
think II is national blessing"
The Eastern Department, with head
quarters in this city, collected s20,091,.
665. Its quota was fixed at $15,500, 900.
The Central Department, with head
quarters at Chicago, according to in
complete returns, was second with
S1S,SSO,733, as compared with quota
of s12,500,O0O
The totals and the quotas for the
other departments are as follows
Northeastern, Boston, s6,36S, 1925,
quota, s5,OOO0OO; Western, San Fran.
cisco, s1,773,50O, quota $1,25O,OOO;
Southwestern, Dallas, s1,3S7, 900, quota
$1,O00,0O0; Southeastern, Atlanta, ST.
207,5SS, quota s1,500,0OO.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
WAR LEADERS
IN CONFERENCE
The American and British Com
missioners Meet
GOOD PROGRESS IS MADE
Earnestness And Unity The keynotes
OF The Gatherlng-lloyd
George Thanks United
States. Z.

London.-None OF the numerous AL
lied war councils which have occurred
in the past three years have occa-
stoned the same interest as Tuesdays
historic meeting Of the American War
Mission and the British War Cabinet
for tightening the links that chain the
Anglo American war efforts. The scene
was the dingy old residence in Down
ing street, which has served the Prime
Ministers of many generations as both
home and Office, and the room was the
council chamber where the cabinets
meet and where the destinies of the
empire have been shaped since the
days of the American Revolution.
The conference lasted an hour and a
half, the members having frequent re-
course to the mass Of statistics and
official documents at their command.
There was little formality about the
proceeding. Lord Reading, the Lord
Chief Justice, who was the presiding
officer started them by explaining the
purposes of the meeting and general
discussion followed. At the close the
conferees reported that satisfactory
progress had been made.
Premier Lloyd George opened the
conference with speech which the
conferees described as having been an
important statement. The full speech,
like the rest of the proceedings, is be-
ing kept secret, but one conferee said
the spirit of greatest earnestness and
unity permeated the meeting and that
the most important practical results
were achieved.
The American representatives were
Gen. Tasker II. Bliss chief OF staff;
Admiral William S. Benson, chief of
naval operations; Thomas Nelson Per.
kins, members of the priority board;
DR.. Alonzo Taylor, representing the
Food Controller; Bainbridge Colby, OF
the United States Shipping Board;
Oscar T. Crosby, Assistant Secretary
OF the Treasury, and Vance McCor-
mick, chairman of the War Trade
Board. Colonel House was not pres
ent.
The British representatives were
Premier Lloyd George, Foreign Minis
ter Balfour, Viscount Miner, George
Nicholl Banes and Earl Curzon, of
Kedleston, constituting the War Cab.
met; Lord Reading and Lord North.
cliffe, the Earl of Derby, General Sir
William r. Robertson and Lieut.. Gen.
Jan c. Smuts, representing the army;
Sir Eric Geddes and Admiral Sir John
r. Jellico, representing the navy and
Major John L. Baird, Baron Rhondda,
Lord Robert Cecil, Walter Hume Long
and DIR. Christopher Addison, repre-.
senting, respectively, aviation, food,
blockade, petroleum and munitions.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
SHELLS RAIN ON
j. S. TROOPS
Fighting More Lively and Amer.
leans Again Suffer Losses
is AMERICANS ARE LAuDED
SammIes Pay Foe Back With Interest
French General Cites 13 v. 8.
officers And Men For
Bravery In Raid.

With the American Army in France.
The artillery fighting In the sector
held by the American troops has be-
come even more lively and there have
been further casualties, shrapnel
wounding some men in the trenches
An enemy shell hit an American
gun and caused casualties. Some Of
the men wounded In the last two days
have died.
The American batteries have been
firing rapidly In return. The visibility
is becoming better and 1t is consid-
cred CERTAIN that more damage and
casualties have been caused In the
German lines than the Germans have
inflicted on the Americans.
The American troops witnessed
their first aerial encounter. Three
enemy airplanes appeared overhead.
Soon all of them except one fled at
the approach of FIVE French machines.
One of the French outmaneuvred this
German and got on his tail" The
German aviator then bolted. The
rattle Of machine guns finally died
away as the two airplanes disappeared
to the west.
The French general commanding
the sector has mentioned in the dis
patches Is American officers and SOL
diers including three who were killed,
for excellent military qualities and for
bravery displayed in the recent trench
raid.
A note accompanying the citations
says that between 5000 and 10000
shells were used in the attack, which
had been in preparation for three
months down to the finest details.
The results obtained by the enemy
were very small, he having been un-
able to penetrate more than the first
line trenches because OF the resist
ance OF the American soldiers with
rifle and pistol fire and hand grenades.
The enemy had to content himself,
the citation continues, with carrying
off few prisoners.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
SHIPMENTS TO !
RUSSIA HELD UP
No More Supplies Until Situa.
ti0n Clears
KALEDINES COMING FRONT
Hetman OF Don cossacks Holds The
Master Hand In Control
OF Coal And
Bread.

Washington.-No shipments Of sup
plies will be permitted to go from the
United States to Russia until the sit
uation in that country clears. The
American Government, before allow
ing the export of goods already on the
docks, wants TO know into whose
hands they will fall on their arrival.
The cessation of shipments is tem-
porary, If stable government is
formed which the United States can
recognize. If the Bolsheviki gain con
troll and pursue their program calling
for peace with Germany, the en-
barge will be permanent. A protract-
ed civil war would also work to keep
the embargo tight, as the United
States would then fear that supplies
might go to the Bolsheviki faction.
The Provisional Russian Govern
ment was given credits amounting in
all to 1925, 100000, of which s191, ,O00,-
600 already has been advanced
Much Of this money has been spent
for supplies now awaiting shipment
'and the Russians have been given
vessels for its transport. Shipments
will be held up by denial of bunker
coal to the ships.
Thomas d. Jones, vice-chairman OF
the War Trade Board, called at the
White House and conferred with Pres
ident Wilson. No statement was
forthcoming, but it was believed the
Russian situation was discussed.
Conditions in Russia still are far
from clear. The State Department
had no additional dispatches from
Ambassador Francis at Petrograd, but
unofficial messages coming from
Sweden were that General Kaledines,
hetman of the Don Cossacks, who
held the master hand in Russia
through domination of the country's
coal and bread supply in the Don
Cossack region, was marching with
an army on Varonez, 200 miles south
OF Moscow
Passengers arriving at the Swedish
frontier from Russia also reported that
soldiers were parading the Petrograd
streets bearing banners demanding a
constitutional assembly of all Russia
and declaring that the Bolsheviki
regime was more tyrannical than that
of Nicholas. The passengers believed
the present revolutionary government
must fall through lack of support of
the principal parties.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
ALIEN ENEMIES RESIDENT IN ]. S.
PUT UNDER DRASTIC RESTRICTIONS
President Wilson Issues Proclamation Restricting Every
Alien in the United States

The penalty for violation will be in
ternment for the war.
Officials explained that the Govern
ment's action Is not intended to be
vindictive and that Germans who
mean no harm to the United States
will not be molested. Under regula'
tions now being framed by the De
partment of Justice all Germans may
not be required to report periodically
to officials. The regulations will be
promulgated within few days, but
the terms of the Presidents proclama
tion become Immediately effective.
The administration Of the restric
tions will be under John LORD
O'Brien. special assistant to the At
torney General for war work, and
the enforcement will be carried out
largely with the assistance of the De
partment of Justices Bureau of In
vestigation.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
RED CROSS EMPLOYEES.
Statement issued Showing Number
Who Receive Salaries.

Washington.-Three employees get
$4,000, or more, IS between $4,000 and
$4,000, and 402 other employees receive
between $500 and $4,000 annually at
National Headquarters Of the Ameri-
can Red Cross, its war council an
nounced, In addition there are S8
volunteers working without remunera.
tion. The staff at National Headqua:.
ters has been decreased from 700 paid
officers and employees four months ago
to 423 now. The reduction is partly
due to decentralization of administra.
tion, which has transferred much
routine work to 13 divisional Offices
whose payrolls are not included in
this statement.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
World War in Brief

General Pershing reported that two
men were killed, three severely
wounded and three slightly wounded
in action on November 13.
Berlin announces that Quero and
Monte Cornelle, on the northern
Italian front, have been taken by
storm and the Italians have been
driven from Monte Tomba, the War
Office announced.
Italian forces have begun an of.
fensive on the Asiago Plateau and
have occupied advanced elements Of
trenches, the Italian War Office an.
nounced, adding that further attempts
of the Austro-G German troops to cross
the Piave have been stopped
Artillery fighting of great intensity
is in progress along the northern and
western front from the coast to the
Ypres sector, according to the German
Army Headquarters.
The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1917-11-29
NEARER TO JERUSALEM.

London.-The British forces in
Palestine are now IL miles northwest
and 15 miles west of Jerusalem, the
War Office announces. The announce.
ment follows. General Allenby re.
ports that our mounted troops occu-
pied Beit-Thhta, ~ miles northwest of
Jerusalem. on Sunday. Yesterday our
infantry, advancing into the highland
Of Judav, reached line 15 miles west
Of jerusalem"