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Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-10-22

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Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-10-22
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The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
SAYS DRAFT FAILURE

The Colorado senator declared the draft was a failure for the Confederacy and Senator Vardaman of Mississippi inter- rupted to say it had been a failure every where.
 Senator Fall told how volunteers were called in New York during the war to suppress anti-draft riots.
 Representative Aswell of Louisiana, in the House, supported the general staff plan. Tn times of peace" he said, 'I am opposed to centralized governments, but two generals cannot direct a war.
 The idea of the House bill was born in politics, that of the Senate bill was conceived in statesmanship. The one stands for petty politics, the other for national service. In the one the armies are officered for personal and political ends, in the other for efficiency.
 "The House bill is mere pretense of a volunteer system. To vote for this sham, continuing at the time that it is impossible to be effective and knowing that 1t is what the German Kaiser wants us to do, and then say that we did the best we could for a volunteer army will not fool the American people. Let us not go before the world with a divided front'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
America Will Have Most Powerful Wireless
 Station in All World

Philadelphia. April 23.-PrelIminary work on construction of one of the most powerful wireless stations in the world has begun at the Philadelphia navy yard, according to an official announcement today. The construction of huge hangar which will house eight battle hydro-aero- planes also Is under way.
 The new wireless station will have a sending radius of approximately three- fourths of the distance around the globe making possible direct communication with the Philippines and other insular possessions of the United States. The aerial structure will be more than 700 feet high.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
Grand Opera Season
 Opens in Georgia City

Atlanta. April 23.-L Elisir D'Amore, Donzettis opera. with BarrientOs, Sparkes, Caruso Scotti and Didur, in the east was sung by the Metropolitan Opera company here tonight as the opening of Atlantas eighth annual opera season. Seven performances will be given during the week under the auspices of the Atlanta Musical Fes- tival company.
 The city was thronged tonight With opera visitors from over the south and many came from eastern cities, prom ising one of the most successful sea- sons since spring opera was inaugu- rated in Atlanta R
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24

Of war with Germany and that the time has come for vigorous and aggressive action by the President the Congress and the entire powers of the nation in mo- bilizing the industrial, financial, military and naval resources to effectively main- taiE on both land and sea the rights and sovereignty of our country. the rights of humanity and the principles of free and democratic government.
 Adopted in mass meeting at the Acad- emy of Music. By unanimous vote it was decided to send copies to the President and the Alabama senators and represen- tatives in Congress-
 Louis Payne, son of Mir. and Mrs. Bud Payne, sustained painful injuries and Tracey O'Rouke and a young man named Anchors were badly shaken up in a motorcycle accident Sunday afternoon six miles out on the Marion Junction road.
 The machine was owned by young An chors, who is said to have lost control and run into an empty automobile stand ing by the roadside. Young Payne was dragged several feet, his right foot being badly lacerated and breaking his right leg above the knee.
 Beyond slight scalp wounds neither of the other boys sustained injury.
 Bishop c. M. Beckwith confirmed a class of nine at the morning service of St. Paul's Episcopal church Sunday, leaving in the afternoon for Greensboro, where he held services Sunday evening.
 The class confirmed by the bishop was composed of the following: MT. and Mrs. Howard Golding, Miss Laura Love of Evansville. Ellen Johnson, Paige Thomp- son, Edward Gait, Barnwell and Louie Reynolds, William Tipton
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
THE WAR SITUATION

east of Craonne. in the Champagne, near St Mihiel and in the Vosges mountains.
 A return of good weather 10 the western front has brought about a re newed aerial activity and numerous battles in the air A British airship is believed to have been destroyed over the Straits of Dover by hostile air plane, with the loss of its entire crew. Sunday French airmen in aerial en- agreements, shot down six enemy air planes. A similar number fell prey to British aviators. while 15 others were driven down out of control. Anti air craft guns disposed of another German airplane and seven kite balloons.
 Berlin reports that German airmen forced down II entente machines and destroyed four captive balloons. Thc British war office admits that seven airplanes failed to return to their base after forays.
 Heavy artillery duels are taking place in the region of Lake Doiran and in the Cerna river bend section of the Macedonian front. Paris reports the repulse of Teutonic allied reconnais- ances between Tsrvena Stena and Sokoi in this theatre
 The Germans evidently are preparing for the drive on Petrograd that has been expected in the Russian capital. Warships conveying transports are re- ported unofficially to have left Lbau on the Baltic sea for an unknown des- tination, and meanwhile the Germans have renewed their activity on the northern part of the Russian front in the Aa river region.
 The British troops are now fight ing against the Turks six miles from Samara on the right bank of the T;- gris river in Mesopotamia. having pre- viously forced the Ottomans to evac- uate Iztabilat. There has been a re newal of activity on the part of the Kurds against the Russians in Persia but details are lacking as to the full extent of it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
Good Trench Officers
 Are Retired for Age

Paris. April 25.-Among the first victims of the new law lowering ase limits for the higher officers during the war are Gen. Maurice Balfourier, who was commander of the famous Iron division at Nerdun and on the Sornme and Gen Charles Lanrezac. who distinguished himself at the pat tie of the Marne
 These two geenrals with 19 other generals of division and four generals of brigade have been placed on the re- serve list The law under which they were retired from active service was passed April 12. It fixes the age limit of brigades at 60 and generals of d. vision at 62
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24

| ROoDlA 10 TIhM
 1 London April 23.-The Daily Express ] Petrograd correspondent contributes an
 interview he has had with A. F. Keren- sky, minister of justice In the new Rus | sian government, who he calls the Lloyd | George of Russia While insisting Rus sia would only wage a defensive war and countenance no annexation, M. Ker- ensky empha sized the fact that greater enthusiasm existed in Russia today than ever before for a defensive war Even the Lithunians, Poles, Little Russians and Finns who had no war zeal under the autocratic regime. were now prepared to defend their country to the utmost said the minister.
 "If President Wilson was expressing the will of his people, and not merely mak- ing a democratic move" said M. Keren sky, T am in complete sympathy with the war aims he suggested as being most compatible with an enduring peace While not objecting the principle of compensation especially in it's applca ton to Poland and Belgium. M. Kerensky declared that he was directly opposed to eXactions for any purpose whatever. The correspondent remarks on this question of reparation that M. Kerensky is not In agreement with some of his colleagues. Asked about the Russian at titude toward the British people, M. Ker- ensky said the entry of the United States into the war after the overthrow of the
 autocracy had given the United States a popularity such as the British had rarely enjoyed.
 The minister of justice painted a grave picture of the state of affairs under the
 autocracy He said a German spring of fenslve under the old regime would have meant defeat. The soldiers were starv- ing and deserting. In January there were only two days food supplies for the
 army, and the supplies of fuel had been
 greatly reduced. But the new organiza- tion he added was remedying this.
 Asked about the insistent call of the so- cialists for peace, M Kerensky said: Foreign observers fail to understand that the call for peace was greater under
 the old regime, but owing to the policy of darkness it never appeared on the surface. Now, with freedom of speech, it appears in the full light of day to attract attention, but to receive little strength"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24

Again the British have begun a period of intensive fighting from the region of Lens southwards to the Hav rincourt wood, and, according to the London war office. have been success ful at various points in capturing i'm portant German positions. In addi- tion, more than 1900 Germans were made prisoner in the first days fight ing in the new offensive
 Both north and south of the Scarpe river. the British have materially ad- vanced at several points toward Douai North of the river the village of Gar relle and positions two and a half miles long south of the village were captured. while south of the stream wide front south and east of Mo,- chy-le-PreuX and captured the villages of Gavrelle and Guemappe.
 Farther to the south the entire vil- lage of Trescault and the greater part of the lfavrincourt wood now is m the hands of General IIaigs forces. On the northern end of the battle line additional progress has been made southwest of Lens, seemingly placing that important town in great jeopardy.
 The latest Berlin official communi- cation dealing with the fighting of Monday says the new British offensive on the Arras front broke down with heavy casualties. Berlin admits the penetration of German trenches on front of 500 yards northwest of Lens. but says the British later were ex- pelled from them in 8 counter attack
 Northeast of Soissons. between the Aisne and the Chemin- d des-Dames, the French have further advanced their line, but elsewhere on the front held by the French artilley duels have pre- dominated. Sunday night the Ger mans tried, but without success, to penetrate French positions, notably
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
Germans Announce They Will Torpedo All Ships
 Whether Hospital or Not

Paris, April @.-"Contrary to all the rules of international law and humanity" says on official note issued by the gov ernment tonight. "the Germans have an- nounced that they have decided that they will torpedo all hospital ships without warning.
 Under these conditions the French government gives notice that German prisoners will be embarked on the ves- sells"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
THE AEOLION vOCALION
 NOW SOLD AT BURGER,S

The Burger, Dry Goods company is now selling the Aeolion Vocation. pho- nograph manufactured by the Aeolion company, Aeolion hall, New York.
 The new department is located on the third floor and is under the management of Adolph Well. Handsome glass enclosed music rooms have been built and full stock of instruments and records are displayed.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
Americans Names Appear
 in Canadian Wounded List

Ottawa. Ont. April 23.-The names of L. Matthews of Tampa, Fla, Fl. s. Diller, Ralston, Okla. and D. Lewis, Panola. Okla, appear in the list of wounded is- sued by the Canadian government. They were serving in the Canadian overseas forces.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
Dent Almost Alone in
 Fight Against Wilson's
 Plan to Raise Big Army

CContinued from Page 0nel might result in more talk than would follow in the normal course
 DISCUSSION OF BILL
 When Senator Wadsworth praised the war departments policy of stimulating recruiting of present National Guard or ganizations and discouraging formation of new units, Senator Johnson of California asked if an effective American force could not be placed in Europe sooner by using both the volunteer and draft systems. Senator Wadsworth said there was no
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24

comparison between the civil war times and present conditions.
 Tn 1861 both sides rushed volunteering" he said. We have time now to build up a carefully constructed, effective army Fortunately for the United States the British and American fleets protect us from invasion.
 q still am unable to understand why. if we are going to fight, we shouldn't use every available means-the volunteer draft, universal training and the like, ' said Senator Johnson.
 Senator John Sharp Williams, interrupt ed to say that volunteers in the present war would not be inspired by violent emotions as were those of the Civil war
 MUST PREPARE
 Our purpose is to adequately prepare an army to go to Europe,' said the Mis- issippi senator. We wouldn't go to such pains merely to prevent invasion. We don't want to send our boys abroad to be murdered-untrained and unfit-no- body expects Germany to invade us, eX cept possibly from Mexico, through machinations with bandits
 Another and vital defect of the volun- teer system, Senator Wadsworth said, is certainty to provide political officers and not men qualified to command"
 The New York senator concluded with the statement that the broad grounds for his advocacy of universal service, say ing:
 Principles of democratic government require the military burden to be equally scattered, so that every citizen, man, woman and child. shallf help in defense of the nation. Selective draft is the only fair and democratic method.'
 Senator Thomas, a democratic member of the military committee. who signed the majority report of Senator Mcclellan, con- tended that conscription was neither dem ocratic nor necessary.
 Tt is repugnant to the spirit and prin- ciples of democratic popular govern ment' the Colorado senator asserted. T deny that the volunteer system is fail- ure. Until it is proven so we should not resort to conscript
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
TIE WEATHER
Weather Forecast

Washington. April 23.-Forecast for Ala bama, Georgia and Mississippi: Proba- ply fair Tuesday and Wednesday.
 Tennessee: Fair Tuesday; Wednesday local showers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24

"He never knelt in church, said Bishop White of George Washington, but stood during the devotional part of the service. Mrs. Washington knelt."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
TWO ANNOUNCEMENTS

Two announcements of the day bear tion of the duties to be performed by Herbert c. Hoover as chairman of the food committee of the council of ma tional defense and the statement that William J. Bryan would tour the west to help spread the agriculture depart ments appeal for increased food pro- duction. MT Hoover, it was stated, will ing the allies to meet their food needs and will assist state agencies and communities in meeting their food problems. Appearing with Secretary Houston before the Senate committee were representatives of the farmers organizations. MT. Touston amplified the letter be sent to the Senate las food supplies, high prices and pro- posals for minimum and maximum price fixing legislation. He said the department of agriculture lacked ma chinery to obtain an accurate estimate of the food supply of the country and needs legislation to provide it.
 TWO CROPS SHORT
 Aside from the wheat and potato crops, there had been no indicated shortage of staple foodstuffs. the sec- retary said. The nation needs for it's normal domestic requirements about 640,0o0,000 bushels of wheat year. he explained including 6O,0J0000 bushels for seeding purposes. That amount, he said. was about this years crop. Last year the nation had a ''carry over" of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
FIGURES GIVEN

FIGURES GIVEN
 Figures were given showing that the production of corn, barley, oats, rice, milk and butter, eggs and other food products this year were greater, or at least equal, to the average for the last five years. and that production had in creased.
 q think" MT. Houston said, "thc high prices are due to combination of circumstances"
 "A combination of circumstances and people," suggested Senator Kenyon.
 Maybe replied the secretary.
 Secretary Houston said he believed the farmer quite safe in increasing production and would find high prices continuing even if peace were to come now. But he said the farmer should be guaranteed a minimum price for those things the government told him he should grow to help the nation.
 MINIMUM PRICE
 T suggest" the Secretary said, that we should have legislation to fix a mini mum price. I don't believe Congress should attempt to fix prices of things that would be subject to shift, and the power should be conferred on the execu-
 
 gencies there should be the power to fix maximum prices. There might be cases of speculation that could be controlled that way. l suggest that you confer the power on the council of national defense to act al the direction of the President in fixing maximum and minimum prices" MT Houston said he did not believe the power to fix prices would have to be exercised and he did not think the gov- ernment should go into the wholesale business.
 The Secretary said he had no accurate estimate of the grain going into alcohol except that it's value last year was $140,- coo, 900.
 The department of labor's boy mobiliza- tion plan contemplates the establishment of enrolling stations In every city in the country Boys from 15 to 19 years of age would be organized in squads under proper supervision, and with adequate equipment would camp on farms wher- ever their services were needed during the season.
 Tt is planned to enroll boys who can be used to advantage wherever there may be a shortage of labor, especially in agriculture, said a labor department announcement There is now a great need for help in the preparation of fruit and vegetables for canning, and also for planting operations in several northern states, including the whole of New Eng land. It is expected that Director HalPs first work will be to care for enlisting the efforts of boys to help the canners and the New England farmers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
ACTS OF GERMAN PEOPLE

Acts of the German people in the pres ent conflict disclose principles of na- tional conduct, which are inconsistent with the principles. the purpose and the aspirations of this republic and of all free peoples; it has committed acts of war against the United States in viola ton of the fundamentals of international law and the dictates of humanity; it has forbidden us our rights in the use of the high seas; attempted to enforce it's edicts by unlawful submarine warfare and de- stroyed our ships and murdered our cit izens. It attempted to offer a portion or our soil as bribe to induce Mexico and Japan to join in a war against us, thus betraying our hospitality and violating our Sovereignty
 We recognize we are now in state
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24

Do you tIlirlk QUIT Government should c0rlfiscate tlle property of its citizens without compensation? TO y0H R0w that the annual paid the gouenen by the liquor industry exceeds the total annual interest the SEVEN BILLION DOLLAR WAR LOAN?
 hat there stored in Government Bonded Ware houses 100000 gallons of whskey and other spirits? ihat distlers have given bonds to the Government for over $2320OO,OO0 for payment of taxes on these goods? -hat prohibition would coniscate not only the millions lawfully invested in dstery property but also the millions of gal stored bonded warehouses; would coniscate to the of $232 OOO-an greatly of the and surplus of all the bonding so that the Government would lose $232,OO0,000 taxes? N and has decreed that whkey bond and bottled bond bond for bouhng ATT property destroyed public good 
 G Prohibition alleged to be for the public good Prohibition of should not the cost be borne by the tnaldeing Conhshon without the Constitution of the United States
 G The liquor industry has paid date billion dollars in II Federal Government and nearly $1 900 900 per day G We ask just and equitable consideration of the economic, ? moral and financial problems of proposed Prohibition Write efod detailed information any point
 adond Assodah Q
 c~sAhsso sosa re .d ha
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
SELMA SHOWS ITS PATRIOTISM
 IN GREAT PARADE
Speeches Were Made at the Academy of Music by T. D. Sanford and Others.
 Resolutions Adopted

Selma. April 2S.-A stirring burst Of dations Monday, in which was expressed the answering loyalty and the undying love of country which has always distin- guished citizens of the Central City.
 Beginning at 1O:SO o'clock the grand parade formed in front of the Albert hotel and proceeded down Broad street, headed by four policemen and the Ma rion institute band.
 Adding a martial note to the scene were the National Guardsmen stationed in this section and the NJ. I. cadets.
 In the long column which wound through the principal city streets were municipal officers, headed by the mayor and chief of police, the fire department, patriotic organizations, Shriners, frater- nal orders and more than 300 gaily dec- orated automobiles
 Lining the streets were crowds of en- gsA siastic spectators.
 he parade was reviewed by Grand
 rshal Scott and his staff in front of
 a hotel
 Immediately at the close of the parade 9n. T. D. Sanford delivered an in-
 lsely patriotic address at the Academy a Music Other speakers on the pro-
 Amme were Mrs. J. F. Hooper, pres-
 ent A. F. W. C.; Hon. w. B. Craig, fermer congressman from this district;
 Dbbi Isadore Isaacson, Mayor Louis 4nish and Father O'Sullivan
 The following set of resolutions were unanimously adopted in which Selma de- clared herself:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
TAKES UP FOOD PROBLEM
 OF ENTIRE NATION
Continued from Page one)

tCOnt1nued From Page UncJ for the summer. An organization will be formed to be known as the United States boys working reserve. Its oper- ations will be directed from Washing ton by William Edwin Hall of New York, president of the Boys Club Fed eration, called here by Secretary Will son for the IaSk.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED

We, the citizens of Selma and others resident in Alabama in mass meeting as- sembled on April 23, 1S17 moved by the dictates of patriotism and a profound sense of the obligations incumbent on all who uphold our government, do sol emnly make the following declarations:
 That, in the presence of the national crisis, we pledge our loyalty to the de- fense of the honor. rights and just in- terests of our common country, believing that Congress and the administration will take decisive. efficient and adequate action to meet all possible emergencies, present and future.
 We hold that in the present condition of the world. our thorough preparedness is necessary to give force to the ideals of human rights and of universal peace for which the country stands; that not only our rights, but our place in the council of nations, our civilization and our hope for permanent world peace, are at stake, and that this country in It's united strength would stand ready to enforce it's appeal.
 Every citizen of the democracy should be ready at all times to do his part in upholding our free institutions and in protecting the country against aggres- sion of all kinds
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-04-24
Entry of America Into
 War Dispels Idea That
 Russia Is Not All Loyal
CContinued from Page ouc)
RUSSIA Us FIRM

ment and will make any sacrifice rather than conclude a separate peace.