davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
Vast Army Behind
The Fighting Forces
Grows By thousand.

Washington, Dec. 8..Before the
war began the United States govern
ment employed approximately 500, 600
persons in the civil branch. Now that
this country is actually engaged in
the conflict, the great army of work
ers behind the fighting forces is
growing by tens z Of thousands. A
good example Of this rapid addition
of employees is in the civilian force of
the ordnance department of the army.
Seven large privately owned office
to house the officials and clerks of
this force, in addition to the usual
quarters in the state. war, and navy
building, which were sufficient before
Uncle Sam began to prepare for the
war. The gun division alone, which
did not exist as a separate division
before we entered the war, now has
more than two thousand civilian 4zn-
ployes besides about three hundred
mated that this division will be three
times its present size within a year.
The great manufacturing plants of
the ordnance department in various
parts Of the country employed about
10000 men last springs Now 10000
are at work in these, establishments.
The task of supplying these thou;
sands of workers in the, face of the
greatest demand for labor the coun-
try has ever known is the problem OF
the United States civil service COM
mission. At this time great numbers
of men and ONE are needed to fl
stenographic and other positions In
the offices at Washington and me-
chanical trades and technical positions
in the government plants for manu-.
featuring artillery and ammunition
The local boards Of civil service Elk.
aminers at the postoffices In all cities
are furnishing detailed Information
concerning positions in which mer
and women are needed.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
FOOD HIGHT YES, BUT GLANCE AT
HOW PRICES SCARED IN OTHER COUNTRIES
son of the rise of food prices in
United States. based upon the pre-

such as would form the basis Of the
average family's diet were taken and
:. the cost Of this group of commodities
as Of July. 1914, made the standard, OF
comparison for each country. e -
The cost Of the same group was
then taken for each month since. and
expressed as a percentage of the
pre-war cost Of July. 1914.
AS the starting point of each line
in the chart is the price level in each
country in July, 1914, the chart shows
not the difference in dollars and cents
between the cost Of foods in the DIFF
ference in dollars and cents between
the cost of foods in the different
countries, but the rise of prices in
each country as based on its W pre-
war level.
The most significant thing shown
by the chart, in the opinion of w. j.
Hanna. G.. c., Food Controller for
Canada, is that prices in the United
States turned downward at a time
when this country was tremendously
increasing its war activities end float
ing billions Of bonds.
This. he believes, indicates that the
food administration is getting a firm
grip on the situation and that this
country will be saved from the *
IRENE imitation in food prices from
which England and Germany have
suffered.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
DULUTH GRAIN.

Duluth, Mimi. Dec. S.-Elevator
receipts of domestic grain: Wheat
165,600 bushels, last year 1890: oats
3,400 bushels, last year $500; bar
ley 1880 bushels, last year $1,000;
rye 5.400 bushels, last GEAR 10, 900;
Shipments: Wheat $500, BUSH
els, last ear $4,000; barley $500
bushels; rye 1000.
Elevator receipts bonded grain.
none; shipments: Wheat 27,7OO
bushels; oats. ITO.
Duluth car inspection: Wheat Nos.
l and 2 northern ~; No. 3, 8; other
spring, 4; durum II; other winter /:
mixed 20; total wheat 1872, year ago
grain 1; oats 2 year ago 90: rye 1,
year ago s; barley 8. year ago 10; to-
tai Of all grains 157, year ago 227; on
track 1O1.,
Trading in flaxseed was quiet today
and the distant futures closed lower.
The quotation in December was sus-
tanned On bidding by crushers to ob-
tain additional lots for immediate
needs. December closed 1-2 CEN up;
May ! cent off and July I cent off.
Operations in coarse grains were
limited with light receipts for the
day. The market was affected by the
railroad embargo against eastern
shipments. Rye closed unchanged al
1873 for spot and the May future un.
changed at 1888. Barley closed un'
changed at from 1.15 to LAP.
Closing: Linseed on track 1922 Ia
to 1872 Ia; arrive 3.25 Ia; Decem.
Der 1922 Ia; May 3.19 Ia; July
3.17 Ia; nominal.
l. Oats on track 70 Ia to 72 Ia; ar.
rive 70 Ia.
Rye on track 1.79; December lie
nominal; May 1873 bid.
Barley on track 1.15 to LAP.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08

practically aft the fertility returned
~ the soil, in a most ell
fective' manner After this mas con
! tinued for two or. three SUN
land can be broken and VIII gro oa
crons almost as they did In the pe-'
s4I There is hardly a grain field in the
northwest, that after the crops are
harvested, would. not furnish sufnclens
feed. il they were fenced. so mat lnls
could be utilized by sheep, to all mSs
pay for the fence each. year. ms
would be more thai true II tne pr,
caution had been taken to SOW q s. nsu
1 amount OF cover with the gram CROP
so that it would grow up in thes STUD
BILE and furnish feed in the fal.'
5f What Breed of Sheep.
Doubtless with q great many, a
sheep is a sheep. whether 1T q long
wool or short wool. a white face or a
black face, ,or, any other character.
istic. 1t has, however, been Learned
that certain breeds are better adapted
to certain conditions than others. n
for this reason careful consideration
should be given to this subject.
When surroundings or environment
are satisfactory, the sheep are reia-
lively hardy, but may be easily I'M
-fluenced by conditions that are not
suitable to them. This means that In
: getting sheep for a farm it should be
borne in mind, that sheep from near
home or a locality very similar, would
! be more apt to prove satisfactory.
Also the demands of the market for
sheep and wool should be given care
= full consideration before making q
final choice. The lighter breeds OF
sheep, and particularly the fine wool
breeds seem, to do better in h south
err: and warmer portions of.the coun-
try. than they do in the northern. The
medium wool breeds respond readily
to care and kind treatment, and IN
the north apparently the larger, long
wooded breeds seem to thrive m d.
well. "-.
!. 1t must also be remembered that
some breeds have been developed par
ticularly for the wool, while others
have been developed with a view OF
producing a large carcass Of mutton
and there are also breeds which com
bine these features to a certain ex-
tent.
N. B.-The breeds of sheep will be
considered in a succeeding article.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
The above chart gives a comparj
Germany. England, Canada and The
war level for staples in each country,
Bv Harry r. Hunt.

BY Harry b. Hunt.
Washington, D. c., Dec. S.-The
relative increase in the price of staple
foodstuffs in Germany England,
Canada and the United States, since
h beginning of the war, is graphi-
caQy set out in a chart prepared by
EXPERTS in the office of the Canadian
Food Controller. A copy has been re-
ceived by Food Administrator Hoover.
This chart shows that whereas the
cost Of foods has increased in this
country on In average of slightly less
than 40 per cent, the increase in
Canada has beer GO per cent, in Eng
land 206 per cen and in Germany
in November of last year. when the
last authentic figures for German
foodstuffs were obtainable-21O per
! cent.
While prices in Canada and Eng
land ,have tended constantly upward,
with the exception of a brief period
from June to August this year when
the new harvests were coming in, the
peak Of high prices in the United
States was reached in May. 1917, just
before the food control bill was pass
ed, and that since June there has
been a decline of approximately 10
per cent. on the basis Of prices July,
1914. when the war began.
In preparing the chart, staple foods
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
CHICAGO LIVESTOCK.

Chicago, Dec. S.-Hogs: Receipts
10000: weak; bulk 1850 to $3.50:
light $3.50 to 1870; mixed $16.65
to $17.10; heavy. $3.50 to $17.35;
rough $3.50 to 5000; pigs $12.75
to $15.75. 4.
Cattle: Receipts 1000; weak: ma
tive steers $7.35 to $16.25; western
~teers, $3.50 to $3.50; stockers and
feeders $s.10 to $11.Oo; cows and
heifers, $50 to $11.40; calves, $500
~to's$15.oO.
Sheep: Receipts 1000. steady:
wethers $3.50 to $3.50; lambs s12.60
to $16.9 {.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
CHICAGO

Chicago, Dec. 8.-Butter steady;
receipts 4,,764 tubs; creamery extras
At: extra firsts As to as; firsts 80 to
"A: seconds SO to 81.
Cheese steady: daisies "a Ia to 81;
horns 25 1-2 to 20; Americas Is 1-2 to
26; twins 20 to % IL.
Eggs: Receipts 5000 cases; un-
changed.
Potatoes higher; receipts IL cars:
Wisconsin, Michigan and Minnesota
bulk Ito to 1.S5; do sacks 1.80 to
1870.
Poultry alive lower; fowls 16 to 81;
springs 10.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
Hides, Pelts. Wool. Etc.
Review of the Market BY The Redhck
Hide 4 Fur 90.

Review of the Market by The Retack
Hide 4 Fur 90.
HIDES-The hide market is very
dull. with prices declining. 1t is re-
ported that tanners are well supplied
for some time to come and will not
purchase additional stock except at
low prices. The civilian leather bust
.ness is reported slow and unsatisfac-
tory.
.PEITs-Prices high with a good
demand. a.e
Z TAIGOW-The market rules frm
land we advance q prices 1-2c Per
pound.
RAW FURS-Prces : very high
with Muskrat, Red Fox and Weasel
the leading articles and Skunk q Gloss
second. Our price list will be sent up
on request. ~
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
sOUTH 81. PAUL LlVESrOW

South st. Paul, Mimi, Dec. g.
Hogs: Receipts 5000, 10 to IS cents
lower; 10 cents higher for week:
range s16.75 to 1900; bulk $3.50 to
$1,000.
Cattle: Receipts 5000; killers
steady, 5 cents higher for week;
ers $500 to $500: zeal calves steady,
$1.25 higher for week. $3.50 to 1925;
stockers and feeders steady, $500 to
$1,000.
Sheep: Receipts 100, steady; lambs
$500 to $1,000; wethers $500 to
$500; ewes. $500 to s10.75.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
NV MI1AT SIZE nIIEANTI..

0ladyy--Regg1e. dear. there Il
soGnsthing sof the old time loveligtsl
linS Your eyek t0night-s6rnsthfns
Abcut you that rerninds me- ~ thos1
sN0stAAys q Ions 80 hops you
RssEieysa l HAYS : slittIs IN,
|HeN aaucis a0ysa Wantsthl tiins? ~
10y 2Hf STs 40, ff.nf s2gp
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
FLOUR.

Minneapolis. Mimi. Dec. S.-F1our
in carload lots, fancy patents 40 cents
lower, quoted at $50 wood; first
clears 20 cents lower, quoted at $40;
second clears unchanged, quoted at
500 jute. Shipments 0,3799 barrels.
Barley 1.15 to LAC.
Rye 1872 to 1873.
Bran $3.50 to 1000.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
MINNEAPOLIS GRAIN.

Minneapolis, Mimi, Dec. 8.-whea:
receipts 1873 cars, compared with 81:
a year ago..
Corn, No. 3 yellow 1.90 to 1876. =
Oats, No. 8 white 10 to II 1-2.
Flax 1928 Ia to 3.33.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
MILWAUKEE A

Milwaukee. Wis. Dec. 8.-Corn No.
3 yellow $50 to 1.60; Nc. 3 white
1.6O t Ito; No. 3 1.6O to 10; jan
uary 1.2O IA; May 1.1S IA.
Oats standard 76 to 1-2; No. 3 white
rs 1-2 to 76; No. a white IA to rs IL;
December II 1-8; May 50 Ia.
Barley mailing 1892 to LAY; feed
and rejected 1.25 to 1.35; Wisconsin
1.35 to Las.
Hay choice timothy $3.50 to $500;
No. /, $500 to $500.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
The Market World
CORN MARKET
RALLIES TODAY
Orders for Priority on Food
Shipments Cause Of
Rally.

Chicago, Dec. S.-Government or
ders that all railroads in the United
States give food and feed priority
over military supplies rallied the corn
market today from weakness which
prevailed at the outset. The initial
declines were ascribed to assump-
tons that considerable stocks of cor
would be accumulated at Chicago and
other leading western terminals. In
this connection the new riority in
structions were regarded as very sig
nificant. Opening prices, which
ranged from the same as yesterdays
finish to half a cent lower, with jan
1.18 So to 1.18 3-4, were followed by
a material upturn all around.
Oats duplicated the action Of corn.
Offerings were quickly absorbed.
Provisions sympathized with weak
ness of the hog market. 1t looked but
little buying, however, to rally prices
when grain showed strength.
Subsequently. the market under
went a setback, Influenced by a ruling
Of fthe food administration that ship
ments Of grain could not be made to
or through the enlarged zone east
of Chicago. The close was unsettled,
January $3.50 Ia and May $1.18 Is
to 7$1.1S Ia, with the market as a
whole ranging from 1c down to Lac
advance as compared with yesterdays
fnish.y
Chicago. Dec. s.-Corn No. 2 yellow
nominal; No. 8 yellow nominal; No. 4
yellow $1.65.
Oats, No. 3 white 1904 SIS; stand
ard 70 1-4@75.
Rye, No. 2, 1882 1-2@1.S3.
Barley $1.2O@1.50.
Timothy $500 q ESQ.
Clover 500 @26.0O.
Pork. nominal.
Lard, $3.50.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-12-08
COTTON REPORT,

Washington. Dec. 8.-Cotton of this
years growth ginned prior to Deem
Der 1 amounted to 9,704,617 running
bales including 1889 round bales
and 1858 bales of sea island.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
STUDENTS BEGIN DRILLS.
Steps Taken at Catholic University
to Form Student Battalion.

Students of Catholic University took
preliminary steps for the formation of
a student battalion at the university
and held their first drill yesterday.
About sixty students participated in
the meeting and drill, and it is expect
ed that when the students who are
away on their Easter vacations return
the number will Immediately be in
creased to several hundred
The drill yesterday was confined
principally to elementary foot move
ments as most of those participating
have had no military training what
ever Drillmasters We're Francis y.
Wilberding and Maurice p. Doran. both
Instructors at the university. A small
squad of men who had had some eX-
perience in drilling was placed in
charge of Joseph Weller. graduate
student of the university and a mem
Der of Company X, LIST Regiment,
Maryland National Guard.
The university has been promised the
services of Il non commissioned officer
from Washington barracks to conduct
drills as soon as the membership of the
battalion now forming is sufficient to
warrant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
warding the pay roll to Detroit. Each
man will be paid the weekly benefit
of SIS.
Congressional Inquiry Proposed.

congressional inquiry proposed.
A joint resolution authorizing tho ap-
pointment of a committee of five sena-
tors and five representatives to inves-
tigate the strike by the employees of the
Washington Railway and Electric Com
pany has been introduced in the House
by Representative Cary of Wisconsin.
Mr.. Cary said today that he would push
his resolution as vigorously as possible.
A resolution providing for AN investi-
cation by a Senate committee is al
ready before that body, having been In
troduced by Senator Hughes Of New
Jersey at a special session of the SEN
ate which closed a few weeks ago.
An investigation by the Senate or
House. or by a joint committee, is
earnestly advocated by officials of the
Department of Labor and by the Dis
trict Commissioners.
The Cary resolution has been re-
ferred to the District committee of the
House.
would be made to bring about govern
ment ownership of the street railways
in the District as soon as Congress con-
vened. Representative Hayden of Ari-
IONA has introduced bill for this
purpose. Representative Crosser OF
Ohio, author of a similar bill intro
duced at the last session of Congress
has been reappointed a member of the
District committee and is expected to
push his measure also.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
EIGHT WOMEN SWORN IN.
Taken Into Navy as Yeomen, Com
pleting the List.

The clerical force at the Navy De-
partment yesterday was increased by
eight Washington women who have en-
listed in the navy as yeomen. They have
been assigned to duty as telephone
operators in the office of naval commu-
nications. where new $4,000 switch
board has just been installed having
direct connection with every navy yard
and station in the United States. The
enlistment of these women completes
the needs of the Navy Department in
that class of employees for the present
Their names and residences are given
as follows: Miss Mary r. Smith. the
H',hlands; Miss Agnes B. Cation, the
Avondale; Miss 1hrie. the Farragut'
Mrs. Harrington. 1902 9th street south
west: Mrs. c. Allen, 1901 f street south
east; Mrs f. Vickery, Miss Simons, III
18th street northeast, and Mrs. E. Ruls
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
STRIKERS APPEAL
T0LEG|S[AT0RS
Capitol Hill Is Center of Activi-
ties of Carmen
Today.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP URGED

Capitol Hill vas the center of the
activities of Washington's street car
strikers today
Following introduction of resolutions
in the House yesterday for an tnvestl-
CATION of the strike, and for municipal
ownership of public utilities in the
District, Senator Hughes of New Jer-
sey reintroduced his resolution for an
Investigation of the strike on the
Washington Railway and Electric Com
pany's lines when the Senate met today.
The resolution offered by Senator Hughes
was introduced by him, at the request
of Department of Labor officials, at the
special session of the Senate which
closed several weeks ago.
Senator Hughes said today that he
would seek to get action on the reSolu-
ton at the earliest opportunity, though
he expressed doubt that the Senate
would take up this matter in the pres
ent rush of emergency measures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
Commerce Department Changes.

The Department of Commerce has
announced the following changes in its
personnel:
Anna NJ. McDermot received tempo
rary appointment as a clerk in the bu-
reau of foreign and domestic commerce.
5000
Gordon +. O'Connor, laboratory as
sistant in the bureau of standards, was
promoted from 5000 to $1,000. and Har-
ry X. HerSchman was temporarily ap-
pointed as laboratory apprentice at
$3.50.
In the coast and geodetic survey.
Adolph c. FabritZ and Charles f. Zim-
misch. instrument makers. We're pro-
noted to $1,000 and 81 400 respectively.
Oliver Heckeltin WAS PROBATIONARY ap-
pointed as an instrument maker at
$1,000. Melvin +. LutZ received tenn
porary appointment as signalman at
$1,000, and William c. Coleman as a
laborer at 5000. Norton S. Roberts.
John II. Crawford. Joe l.. Atkinson and
Larnie c. Steele We're PROBATIONARY APP
pointed as laborers at $3.50.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
VIRGIN INDIANS PIRATES.
Archeologist Finds New Facts About
Original Inhabitants.

NEW YORK, April Capt. Theodore
De BODY. who has been engaged since
last October in archaeological research
in the Virgin Islands for the Museum
of the American Indian, has returned
here with more than 1000 specimens.
Capt De. BODY said the work done by
his party has established that the pre-
Columbian inhabitants of the Virgin
Islands were not, as heretofore sup
posed, closely allied to the Indians of
Porto Rico, which lies only thirty miles
to the westward. On the contrary. he
said, it was found that the culture of
those Indians was totally different
from the civilization of the early Porto
Ricans and resembled that of the
aboriginies which inhabitated Trinidad.
900 miles away.
capt. De Booy's expedition found evil
dence that this tribe had been pirates,
who undertook long voyages in their
canoes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04

university. called for Saturday evening
by Rev. Alphonsus j. Donlon, S. J.,
president of the university, in Healey
building.
The students of the senior classes
of. the dental and medical schools, it is
said, could apply their lines of endeavor
as 1t has been demonstrated by the
European war that students fresh from
the schools were of invaluable aid in
the hospitals, especially in first aid
work and minor injuries.
Many of the students in the law
school are members of the National
Guard. while about thirty five have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
Florida Governor Urges Prohibition

TALLAHASSEE, Fla. April I'm his
message to the Florida legislature.
which convened at noon yesterday in
biennial session, the independent-pro-
hibition governor, Sidney J. Cats, in
his first message urged the submits
sion of constitutional amendment
providing for prohibition for Florida
Senator John B. Johnson of Live Oak
Suwanee county, was elected president
of the senate and in the house Cary A.
Hardee. also of Live Oak, was elected
speaker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04

onion that is frequently planted in early
spring for Its small bulbs, or Gloves"
which are used in the same manner as
onions. The leaves are utilized for fla
voring. Another onion-like plant is the
chive, the small round hollow leaves of
which are used for favoring soups.
These leaves may be cut freely, as they
are soon replaced by others.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
Will Not Oppose Inquiry.

Senator Hoke Smith of Georgia, chair
man of the committee on education and
labor, to whom the department officials
appeal at the special session of the
Senate, said today that he had no OBJ
lection to an investigation into the
strike by his committee if it were nee
essary. In regard to the proposed effort
to have the government purchase and
operate the street railroads in the Dis
trict, Senator Smith said he was entire
ly opposed to such A plan.
Representatives of the striking EN-
ployes called on Representative Ben
johnson. chairman of the House Dis
trict committee. yesterday and urged
that he support resolution for an in
vestigation. Mr.. Johnson told them
that he thought they We're premature
in their request for he had not at that
time been chosen chairman of the Dis
trict committee. or even a member of
that committee.
He said today that he had formed no
opinion as to whether there should be
an investigation by a congressional
committee into the strike and its
causes. The Cary resolution, he said
would be referred TO a subcommittee of
the District committee after that com
mittee has been organized. He pointed
out that the republican members had
not yet been named.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-04
Efforts to Stimulate Interest.

To stimulate interest in the garden
work, public mass meeting will be
held at the Iowa Avenue NJ. E. Church
this evening. Speakers Will include
Ernest l.. Thurston. John Dolph Mrs
Giles Scott Rafter. DR.. 8. J. Howard,
G. y. Finch, Mrs. Kernoodle and 0. II.
Benson.
This afternoon, at o'clock. a COM
munity meeting was held at the Apollo
Iheater, on II street northeast, by chill
dren of the public schools. under the
auspices of Miss Flora L. Hendley,
supervising principal
Miss Alma Baker public school teach
er. has been detailed to assist Miss
Susan B. Sipe in the garden work in
the public schools. Arrangements will
he made to have another teacher take
over part of Miss Sipe's work at the
Wilson Normal School. so she may de-
vote more time to the garden work.
o. H. Benson will deliver a lecture on
school gardens this evening at Dunbar
High School.