davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24
MOUNTAIN AGRICULTURE
Robert FERN Demonstration and Special
investigator
OUR COUNTRY NEEDS THE MAN
BEHIND THE PLow


Your country needs you,
Man Behind the Plow;
Imperative that need,
The call is NOW;
This is your chance TO prove what
you can do,
The eyes of all the world are fixed
on you,
For in your hands lies victory COM
plete
II you will furnish ample food to
eat.
Our country needs the farmers and
the farms;
IT'S not alone a single call TO arms;
Flags, Funds, and Food" the motto
we should bear,
And every U. S. man must do his
share.
The call for FOOD - far-reaching in
its cry -
Is answered in the word,
DIVERSITY"
The man behind the man behind the
gun
Has patriotic work that must be
done,
To mobilize each resource at his
hand
And get the most from every foot
Of land;
Raise all the FOOD you can, and
DO IT NOWl
Your country needs you,
Man Behind the Plow.
Never before was there a greater
call on the American farmer than
in the present war, and never before
has the man at home had such a
chance to prove his loyalty and
patriotism. 10 is to be war with
PLOWS, as well as GUNS. Every
man cannot serve his country on
the field of battle, but he may render
great, invaluable service in the
fields at home, and in the garden
patches of the South. Uncle Sam
counts on every Southern farmer
and every Southern acre for the
greatest possible yield of foodstuffs
this year.
We must clear our decks and pre-
pare for immediate line of action
necessary to our success, the success
of the allied nations, who are now
our allies, and ultimate victory in
this great war. One of the first re-
sources to be husbanded in time of
war is food for the Army and the
civilian population. We must feed
our soldiers and our people at home;
Europe looks to us for food, and the
burden of il all lies with the Ameri-
can farmer. Prepare to save the
nation by planting every available
acre in FOODSTUFFS, remember
ing that the fate of the Nation-the
issue of the war-depends upon the
food supply even more than upon
the supply Of men, guns, and am
munition.-Dallis, Texas, Herald.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24
CINCINNATI MARKETS.
Flour, Hay and Grain.

Flour-Winter patents $1425Q1475,
winter fancy $l3.75q1425. winter fam.
lily $13.25Q 1875, winter extras SIZES
@1275.
Corn-No. 2 white $1.72, No. Q vel.
low $40. No. 2 mixed 81 SO. white ear
$1.6SQ170.
Hay-No. l timothy $1875QI9, No.
2 $lS.50@1s75. No. 3 $1s9I8.5O. No. /
clover mixed SIS, No. 2 $1S.58q1s75,
No: clover S1S.75Q1s. No. 2 1860
1875.
Oats-No. 2 white 741hc, standard
white 74c. No. 8 white 72073c, No. 2
mixed 72c. No. 8 mixed Tic.
Wheat-No. 2 red $3.O2Q3.O5, No. 8
red S2.s5@3. No. 4 red $2.6Oa2.sO.
Butter, Eggs and Poultry.
Butter-Whole milk creamery extras
soc, centralized creamery extras 37hc,
hrsts S5c. seconds Bic dairy fancy 32c.
Eggs-Prime firsts SAC, firsts 33c. or
binary 32c. seconds 30hc.
Live Poultry-Broilers, ~ Id and
under. 4OQ43c; flyers. over IA Id.
soc; fowls. lbs and over. 2Ohc; un.
der s lbs. 201c; ROSTERS, 151sc.
Live Stock.
Cattie-Shippers s9.50@11.75; butch.
er steers, extra sl0.75Q11.25. good to
choice slo.25@10.75. common to fair
H.50q10; heifers, extra Sl0.50Ql075,
good to choice s10@10.5O.
Bulls-Boiogna sS.50Qs.75. fat bulls
S9.75@10.
Calves-Extra S13Q13.25, fair to
good $l2@13, common and large
N@11.
Hogs-Selected heavy shippers
$4,000 1875, good TO choice packers
and butchers sl625@l6.30, stays
sSQlS. common TO choice heavy fat
sows $9@l5.40.
Sheep-Extra sS.50Ql0, good TO
choice $sQ9.50. common to fair $40
S.Se.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24
USE FOR VACANT LOTS.
People Urged TO Raise Vegetables and
Prepare For Q Lean Winter.

People Urged TO Raise Vegetables and
Prepare For Q Lean Winter.
II IL q world Of lean years. says the
New York Times. Its food lies In this
years crop. The reserves will be ex-
hausted at the end Of the crop year.
The outlook IL not too roseate. Tho
English wheat crop IL reported back
ward. the Dutch small French wheat
will yield less than usual. Argentina
will have little wheat or corn to ex-
port The Australian wheat crop II
estimated at nearly 5O.0OO.OO0 bushels
less than last years. Our big winter
wheat states have not had moisture
enough. Early vegetables In the south
ern states have been nipped by frost
So the shortage goes.
Food prices are high already. This
careless. easy going America must re-
member the ant and prepare for next
winter One thing nearly all of rs out
side the cities, and many urbans. can
do. That Ii to raise all we can Of the
common vegetables. 30 easy to raise.
thriving almost everywhere. so large
q part OF our food. We can't import
them. We must grow them; and they
should be grown In quantities unheard
Of before. grown by the rich-and the
more they sell the better-by the poor.
BY the great mass that Ia neither.
Beans. onions. peas. potatoes and the
rest. these should be the crop Of
everybody with land enough to bend
over In.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24
CARE OF THE SMALL FLOCK
County Agent

For the family which wishes to
keep poultry for home consump-
ton rather than for market, the So
called general purpose breeds are
better suited than what are known
as the egg-laying breeds. Plym-
outh Rocks, Wyandottes, Rhode Is
land Reds, and Orpingtons are all
good varieties for the average per-
son who does not intend to go into
the poultry business on consider
able scale. These breeds are good
layers and they also make good table
poultry. Furthermore, they will
hatch their own eggs and brood their
own chickens, whereas, the Leg
horns and other breeds Of the egg
laying class do not set, and the use
OF expensive incubators and breeders
is necessary in order to perpetuate
these flocks.
The prime essentials for a small
poultry house are fresh air, dryness,
sunlight. and space enough to keep
the birds comfortable. For the
general-purpose breeds about four
square feet of floor space should be
allowed for each bird. The fowls
should also have as much outside
space as possible TO run in. If this
area is too small the ground quickly
becomes foul and in time makes il
difficult to rear chickens with good
success. In order to avoid foulness
il is advisable to divide the lot and
to SOW part of it to the quick-grow-
ing grains such as oats, wheat, or
rye. The hens are turned on to the
growing grain when it is a few in
ches high. Under this method the
yards may be changed every three
or four weeks during the growing
season. A combination that has
proved successful consists Of six or
seven bushels Of equal parts Of
oats and wheat to the care, wheat
alone being used for the last seeding
in the fall. For the convenience OF
those who have only small areas at
their disposal, il may be stated that
an acre contains 1850 square feet.
To secure a satisfactory number
OF eggs the fowls shuold be fed
both a dry mash and scratch ra-
ton. The dry mash may consist OF
equal parts Of corn meal, bran, mid
dlings, and beef scrap. This should
be kept before the birds in hop
per all the time. A good scratch
ration is made up Of equal parts OF
corn, wheat, and oats, fed in lit
ter four or five inches deep, twice
daily. IL is desirable that the birds
should eat about rs much OF this
as OF the mash. This means feed
ing about one quart OF mixed grain
daily TO ~ Plymouth Rock hens or
10 IL Leghorns, and an equal weight
OF mash. Usually waste table pro
ducts will also be valuable, and
these may be made up into moist
mash in place Of the dry mash. In
this case the table scrap IL it con-
tains much meat, is substituted for
the beef scrap. II II does not con-
tain any considerable portion Of
meat, IL should merely be added to
the dry mash already described. !
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24

strainer, after which I packed the
pulp obtained in clean jars and
added a teaspoonful Of salt and
some pepper. ! boiled this pulp
in the jars ten minutes, and I have
number OF jars Of prepared to-
matO soup as q result.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24
MY EXPERIMENTS IN HOME CAN
NING-HOw I HAVE REDUCED
LABOR AND SAVED HEAT
IN MY SUMMER WORK
BY Helen Christine Bennett

Two years ago had never canned
a jar Of fruit nor vegetable. Today
there are about three hundred and
fifty jars on my pantry and cellar
shelves. representing both fruits and
vegetables. Not one has spoiled rs
yet, and I do not believe that any Of
them will. | feel like graduate
of the school Of canning.
think have some right To feel
this way, because, although ! have
not begun tn can everything that
may be put into Jars. have not tied
myself to method but have gone
ahead experimenting in new ways
of canning, trying always To save
fuel and To reduce the work in
hot kitchen.
began with the useful little sheet
sent out by the Department Of Agri-
culture, and for my first year fol-
lowed il absolutely and with great
success. Then last spring I attended
a canning demonstration given by a
young woman sent out from the
State Experiment station. | do not
want 10 belittle what learned from
that young woman. But she had
one method Of canning and one only,
and she insisted that hers was the
way to insure that every jar would
keep. do not doubt her word. but
il did seem To me that Jars might
keep with less labor expended upon
them. And so I began tn expert
mcnt.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24
Tom alto Pulp for Soup

made apple butter in the same
way. had expected that this would
keep in crooks without sealing, but
when looked at il two weeks after
making, il had moulded. ! scraped
off the mold, took IL out, put il into
clean cold jars and sterilized il NJ
teen minutes in the boil. II has kept
perfectly since. I found the cold
pack system preferable in canning
tomatoes, as the time Of sterilization
is very short. But ! experimental
with tomato pulp in this way.
4. I took tomatoes unsuitable for
blanching and skinning - little
ones or faulty ones, or soft ones,
yet not too soft 10 be good. These
cut into pieces and threw them
into a large vessel OF agate. !
cooked them until they went 10
pieces, then put them through a
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-05-24

and she insisted That hers was the
way To insure that every jar would
keep. do not doubt her word but
il did seem To me that Jars might
keep with less labor expended upon
them. And So | began Ia expert
mcnt.
Do All Jars Need Temperingl
Ny first experiment was in temp
ering glass Jars. According To the
demonstration all jars should be
tempered. To temper a jar, IL is
put into cold water, brought to boil
ing point and boiled twenty minutes.
Jars So tempered will remain temp
cred for three hours. which means
that any hot liquid may be poured
into them. The advantages Of temp
ering are:
I. Jars that are imperfect break in
the tempering instead Of the can
ming. and there is no food waste
> Tempered Jars may be filed with
hot fluid and plunged back into
very hot water, thus losing no
time in the canning process.
3. Tempered Jars are sterile, all bac-
terra having been destroyed in the
boiling.
tempered a number of jars and
against the advantages | set these
disadvantages and facts:
1. Handling hot tempered Jars filled
with boiling water. emptying this
water, and so on, is difficult and
dangerous process.
q. My cold Jars packed with fruit or
vegetables stood the pouring of a
hot sirup over them very well,
the hot sirup being chilled by
contact with the cool contents,
and had no breakage from this.
3. Despite the fact that tempered
jars could be put back in hot wat
or. the tempering process invol-
YES the loss Of a good deal OF
time and heat. since the jars were
twice handled and had To cool
somewhat before handling.
1. When fruit or vegetables after
blanching have to be cut and
packed by hand, no packing can
be sterile really.
Then | began my experiment. |
tested out a number Of tempered
Jars in which I placed asparagus,
peas and spinach, and then | tested
out number Of jars washed care
fully with a strong solution OF soda
or amonia and after rinsed careful
ly in hot water. Up to date the
washed jars have kept as well as
the tempered jars. Added to this,
one of my tempered jars actually
broke in the boil-after all my trou-
BILE. As a result Of this experiment
I have decided that tempering jars
pays only when one is suspicious
OF their cleanliness or believe they
are faulty and likely TO break in
the boil.
boiled all my rubbers and old
tops that were part zinc and wash
ed the jars.
My next experiment was with the
vegetables and fruits themselves. I
canned, as I have said, very many
Jars in strict accordance with the
directions OF the Department OF Az
riculture. But, in addition to these
| canned in odd ways the following:
4. Rhubarb. I skinned this, as 1t
was tough, and without blanching
cooked il on top Of the stove. ]
used salt but no sugar. ! put II
into hot jars while il was hot and
sealed il. This is the old-fash-
toned method OF canning, except
for the lack OF sugar. Sugar was
ten cents a pound at the time and
I thought il might be cheaper In
the winter. I used this method
because il is less trouble than the
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
How About a Corn Roast?

Strange to relate we find lot Of
people who never enjoyed an old
fashioned corn roast. However a lot
of the old-timers can tell you about it.
Much of the sweet and field corn is
just right now and you ought to try it.
Once you do, the ordinary boiled corn
will be tasteless compared with roasted
corn. Here is the way to do it. Build
a fire out in the open and when you
have a nice bed Of Goals put on your
ears of corn with all the husks on. Let
them roast until quite bit of the husk
is burned off, Of course sampling one
occasionally to see IL they are done.
You can easily tell how long to roast
them after you have tried few.
When cooked sufficiently, pull off the
burned husks, apply the butter and salt
and you have something worthwhile.
just try 1t some evening, but do not
eat too much supper before you start.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05

In this year Of grace people are re-
minded on every hand to save and to
eliminate waste. One Of the greatest
wastes in farming community is poor
roads on which to transport the farms
products to market. It is a great
waste Of horse flesh, vehicles Cor gas
Oline) and time, to haul loads on rough,
uneven roads. It is in the fall, gen
orally, when the roads are most neg
lected and that is the time of the year
when farmers have the most need Of
good roads. That is the time Of the
year when the split log drag and other
road machinery should be used more
diligently than ever. 1t behooves
those who have the maintenance of
the roads in charge to keep them in
good condition during the fall months
fully as much as at other seasons of
the year. Let us do away with road
waste as far as possible.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
Red River ALLEY
Kernels

Postmaster Oseth at Oslo has placed
81 harvest hands on different farms
this year. This is a good record and
worthy Of commenda ton.
Middle River gave a banquet to the
boys OF that vicinity who were drafted
Saturday evening.
William McCann lost $4,000 as a re
suit Of terrific hail storm which
passed over a section Of Polk county
near Beltrami. Other farmers in that
neighborhood suffered heavy losses.
At loyalty meeting held recently
at Spring Valley there were over 1000
people in attendance.
In order to keep their main street in
dry condition the village Of Argyle has
decided to drain 1t by the use Of thing.
Theodore HOldahl has been named
by Congressman Halvor Stevenson to
fill the West Point cadet appointment
from the 9th congressional district.
Theodore joined the navy recently and
will have to get his release for the ex-
animation which takes place next
March. -Roseau Mmes-Region.
]. p. Foote, one Of the prominent
business men of Crookston, died Tues
day morning this week. Deceased was
interested in a large number of banks
in Northern Minnesota.
Ada held loyalty meeting last Sun
day, which was attended by a crowd Of
almost 5000 people. Judge Gripdeland
Of Warren was one of the speakers.
The Gaylord Land Co. have on ex-
hibition in their Office potato vine
which for growth is a wonder. It has
nine large potatoes Oh it besides a
number Of smaller ones. 1t was grown
by G. G. Ashmore Grygla Eagle.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05

A great deal Of criticism has been
directed against the schools, charging
that the education furnished by them
is impractical and tends to turn the
boys and girls away from the farm.
Much of this criticism we believe is i'll
advised and unjustified. A boy who
has no natural inclination for farm
work is not likely to make good
farmer, no matter how well the schools
may drill him in the theory Of farming.
OF course we should strive to'make ed
ucation practical, but there are pupils
in our schools now who later in life
will regard the vocational training re-
ceived as mere waste of time and
effort. Each person is born with GER
tain talents, and to discover them and
properly train them is educating along
lines Of least resistance and will also
bring the most happiness and success
in life.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
LOOK OUT FOR YOUR
SEED POTATOES NOW,

Now is the time to go through the
potato field and remove diseased plants.
If one has not seed plot already, and
intends to save seed from his field, it
is advisable to select a good portion of
the field and take particular care to
remove Wilted plants Chose affected
with blackleg, fusarium, etc.,, as well
as dwarfed plants and mixed varieties.
To secure vigorous, healthy potato
plants, seed should be obtained from a
strain that is uniformly healthy and
robust. Clean storage should then be
provided. Before planting the seed
should be treated with corrosive sub
Innate, four ounces to 80 gallons Of
water. Only clean land, land that has
had three-year, or better, a four or
five-year rotation, should be planted to
potatoes. Spraying with Bordeaux
mixture may be advisable, particularly
in the northern parts of the state.
Seed plots should be established each
year, which should receive special care
and from which weak or diseased
plants should be removed.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
Feed For Stock.

It is a fairly safe prophesy that
feeds for livestock are going to be both
scarce and expensive the coming
winter. This will be especially true IN
Northern Minnesota.
Now that feeding time is at hand at
tention should be called to the fact
that the oats straw this year in the
Red River Valley is especially good.
It is clean, bright, and free from rust
and much Of 1t is cut on the green side.
This kind Of straw makes a most ex-
cellent feed. Every stack OF oats
straw should be saved this fall and
either fed on the farm or else be baled
and shipped to neighboring states.
This will be q safe and profitable bust
ness this year and Is besides In line
with our duty to conserve food stuffs.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
COUNTY WEDDINGS
Oscar M. sHolen, son Of Mr.. and Mr.

E. = - 7s9 -. 8ss = g.ta a
Oscar M Holen; son Of Mr.. and Mrs.
P. I. Holen, was married on Tuesday,
Aug. 7th, at Moscow, Idaho, to Miss
Lillian Kathrine Clark, daughter Of
DR.. and Mrs. James n. CLARK Of that
city. Mr. Holen and his bride arrived
here last Friday from wedding tour
through the Canadian northwest and
after visiting with relatives and
friends of the groom, left by automo-
bile Sunday evening for Thief River
Falls to take the 500 from there to
Minneapolis where they will be at
home to their friends at 2O21 Emerson
Ave. South after September Goth Mr..
Holen's many friends in this city will
extend hearty congratulate lions. Mar
shall County Banner.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
.The Hallock newspapers al

"The Hallock newspapers are
belaboring their constituencies and
the County Commission for IA
vOrable sentiment toward the APP
preparation of public money for
the building and maintenance Of
the Jefferson Highway thru almost
inaccessible swamps and sand
dunes in the southeastern part Of
Kittson county. Marshall county
authorities saw the fOolishness of
routing the Jefferson road in that
part of their county, and have re
fused to do anything with it.
Kittson and Pennington counties
are asked to do this work for Mar
shall county. The $500 Line JEFF
ferson road boosters are deter
mined to work" Kittson county
for big appropriation to strew
along this so called highway,
which is only laid out and fit for
travel in SPOTS. When next
spring the KINGS HIGHWAY is
completed from Galveston, Texas,
to Winnipeg, Manitoba, the travel
ing public will forget the Jefferson
road to absorb the appropriation
of public money. Kittson county
people will certainly not stand for
any appropriations to be thrown
away on the Jefferson road along
the 500
The above article taken from the
Kennedy Star is indeed misleading to
the reader, who is not acquainted with
the conditions as they really are To
think that newspaper editor would
try to make his readers believe, that
there are sections in his county and in
Marshall county, in which there are
only sand dunes and swamps! What
a poor advertisement this article would
be, for prospective settlers or tourists
to read.
Tie other day we drove over the
highway in this county and along the
road we found well stocked and equip
ped farms. Surely this does not bear
out the Stars statement
Sometime ago the Sheaf critized the
highway association because Of the
route chosen but that was because Of
the fact that 1t did not enter or benefit
even one town in the county. Had the
highway chosen route passing thru
the towns In eastern Marshall county
or thru the towns Of western Marshall
county, it would have been better of,
as far as securing the support Of this
county is concerned. Now that the
route is chosen, we do not believe, the
territory thru which 1t passes should
be advertised as sandy and swampy
country, just because Of petty selfish
reasons.
That the Jefferson Highway thru
Marshall and Kittson counties will III
timately BE- changed to follow the iden-
tical sfoute Of the Scenic and the King
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
Luthera. synea Church.


l 3. sToRA szscs f fssss..
Sunday, Sept. 8: English services at
Swedish Lutheran Chufeh.
s Sunday. Sept s.: Evening services 8
O'clock. Sunday school 10 o'clock a. m.
Swedish Lutheran Church Of Vega.
Sunday, Sept. 8: Morning services IL
o'clock. Sunday school 10 o'clock. All
are cordially invited to our services.
Card Of Thanks.
We wish to express our heartfelt
thanks to the doctors, the hospital
nurses and many friends in Warren
for the many acts Of kindness during.
the long illness Of our departed
daughter and sister Hilma go
We also wish to thank our friends
and neighbors in town of Comstock for.
their sympathy and help.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Carlson -
and children.
w. T. Johnson and family motored
over in their car from Enderlin, N. d..
to attend the funeral of Frank q. Dahl
green's young daughter, Marion, held
last Sunday afternoon.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
South ST. Paul Live Stock.
South st. Paul, Sept.

South st. Paul, Sept. 8.
Cattle Receipts, 1890; steers, 81
00@12.0O; cows and heifers, $6.5O@.
900; calves, $6.O0@14.50. Hogs--Re-
|ceipts, 5000; range, $17.26@1s.85.
Sheep Receipts, 500; sheep and
lambs, $S.5O@16.25: ewes. s4O0@s.5O.l
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1917-09-05
Chicago Live J. Stock ]

| Chicago, Sept. 3.
Cattle Receipts, $4,000; steers, So
00@16.50: cows and heifers, $4,000.
49, 90; calves, $1,000 ole. 100. Hogs-Re.
tceipts, 10000; light, SIG. @18.66;a
mixed, 76@18.65; heavy, $16.65@y
1890; rough, SIG. 65 @16.95; pigs, s12...
.OO@16.75. Sheep eceipts, 4. 900; ma
tive, $7.S6O 11.25; lambs. s11.2 5@ 40.