Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1917-04-04

stages enter Information. Most Of the
older and also most of the younger In
dividuals perish during the winter, the
survivors being those about one third
or one-half grown. as stated.
MEANS OF DISTRIBUTION.
The San Jose scale Is distributed
from one region to another principal
ly on nursery stock, locally distribu-
ton is more frequently by birds and
the larger insects. AS explained I'M
der the natural history of the insect.
1t is capable of movement only dur
ing a short period after birth. Birds
may alight upon infested trees where
the young insects may crawl upon
their feet, and be subsequently de-
posted in other trees, sometimes at
distances quite remote. In dense or
chards they may be carried by strong
winds from tree to tree, Scale are not
likely to be disseminated by means Of
scale-infested fruit.
CONTROL MEASURES.
1t has been amply demonstrated that
the scale may be very successfully
controlled by one thorough treatment
during the dormant period each year.
While the scale will spread from or
chard to orchard to some degree, prac-
ticaily one thorough treatment during
the dormant period will keep their
numbers down to small harm. Where
trees have been neglected for some
years, and are thoroughly encrusted, it
may be better to destroy the tree and
devote the land to some other crop. In
cleaning Up ones premises, It Is well
to bear in mind that the most varieties
of fruit trees may be infested with
scale, most Of our shade and forest
trees are subject to scale; the cur
rant bushes should not be overlooked.
In southern Idaho the lime sulphur
solution is most largely used. This
has been found by long continuous use
and thorough tests to be effective when
used, s gallons of water to one of the
commercial liquid if applied by a high
power pump with such care as to thor
oughly cover the tree and branches.
Experiments are being conducted
with dry sulphur compounds, which
from their greater convenience in
handling With lessened expense for
freight. may ultimately come into use.
al hO"ONeT, we dT0 ADVISED
from Moscow and also from Washing
ton, to place our chief dependence on
the lime sulphur wash. This should be
applied while the trees are dormant or
before they come into leaf, since the
caustic effect of an s TO lime sulphur
preparation would be likely to injure
the tender new growth. In case the
trees are seriously infested with eggs
of the apple green tree aphis, the lime
sulphur spray will destroy the larger
portion of these than otherwise If the
application is made at the later portion
of the safe period for spraying, that is,
when the sap is moving in the tree, but
before the buds have unduly opened
and while life is beginning in the aphis
eggs.
Since effective work cannot be done
when there is much wind we may nos
have more than two or three days In
each week, or 20 to 80 hours weekly
during which the work can be most eff
fectively used. While the very large
commercial orchards might be justified
in constructing plant which should
manufacture their own solutions. the
average orchardist will prefer to pur-
chase material from those who have
the capital, the skill and the plant in
which to manufacture a commercial
product
II will be found to be quite essential
to watch the shade trees round about
our orchards and to destroy the will
lows or keep them In check by repeat
ed cutting and burning, found growing
among many sloughs. bitches and
streams. The grower who has but few
trees, in whose welfare he is indif-
ferent, should, in justice to his neigh
Dor, control all insect pests, lest he
should be a menace to the community.
solitary tree, uncared for. may
through the medium of the birds be a
source of serious harm to surrounding
orchards. The state law requires the
state inspector to destroy infested trees
which the owner may persisteatly ne
glect, or the state inspector and his
deputies may cut down the trees or
employ other parties to spray the same,
report the expense to the county seat,
which will be then entered against the
property and collected with the regular
taxes. Personally we feel under obli-
cations to spray against scale each and
every year. being partly repaid by the
increased health and vigor of the
trees. We will also likely spray three
times against codling moth. Idaho law
requires the owners of orchards to
spray at least twice for the control of
the cooling moth. Discussion of that
subject will follow later at the proper
time.
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