davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
BEST LOCATION FOR ORCHARD
Flowing and Cultivation ls Difficult on
HilIsides or Tops-Northern
Slope Favored.

While hillsides and hilltops are
favorable sites for orchards of peach,
plum, pear or apple, or indeed for any
Of the tree fruits, there nre some OBJ
jections. 1t is more difficult to plow
and cultivate orchards on steep hill
sides, more difficult to spray. more
difficult to handle the fruit when
picked.
The advantages of hillside or hill
top orchards are that they are less
often injured by late spring frosts and
the trees not liable to have wet feet,
which is q fatal condition In any or
chard.
If the hillside has northern slope
it will be an advantage, for the bios
SONS will be retarded about ten days
over trees grown on the eastern or
southern slope.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
TREES FOR SPRING PLANTING
Select Varieties Suited TO Localities
and Get Those Free From Flaws
Of Any Kind.

Consideration of fruit tree varieties
for spring planting should not be long
er delayed. In making out an order
special care should be exercised to
select varieties suited to the locality,
and to secure trees true to name thor
Oughly healthy, entirely dormant and
free from all evidence of premature
digging, faulty storage or improper
handling Of any kind.
This Is best accomplished by or
dering direct from responsible nur-
series, after submitting requirements
to several firms for bids. 1t is imma-
terial where the nursery is located, if
the varieties and quality Of stock are
right, and any nursery can hold trees
until the right time for planting One
year-Old trees, which are of good size
hut not overgrown, are recommended
by the Pennsylvania agricultural ey-
pertinent station. For home orchards
or local markets, q vide range of va
rieties covering the entire season Is
desirable,
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
ALL FRESH FRUIT is ALIVE
Temperature Maintained in RefrEera-
tor Cars While in Transit ls
important Factor.

The results of f:uit-handling inves-
tigatiOns during the past few seasons
show that the most important factor
In determining the condition Of either
fruits or vegetables In transit and after
arrival on the market is the tempera-
ture maintained in refrigerator cars
during transportation.
All fresh fruit is alive, and the life
activities continue with greater Or less
mpidlty until It goes into consumption !:
The temperatures maintained in tram
sit determine to great degree both
the rate of ripcning and the develop.
ment of fungi and other dCcay-prodGc.
ing Organis.nI.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
ORCHARD
GLEANINGy
TO ERADICATE PEAR PSYLLA
snrav Mixture of Nicotine and Soap
Is Effective-Apply Lime-Sulphur
In the Spring.

(By p. ]. PARRoTT. Entomologist. New
York Station)
Nicotine and soap are the best ma
terals to use for this purpose. use
one pint nicotine and four pounds soap
TO 100 gallons of water. The soap
helps to make 1t stick. Spray In NO
vember or December after a spell OF
cold weather, ON day when the tenn
perature is rising and is about 4O de-
grees or more. You will then Kill
many of the psylla which winter In
the mature stage,
In spring just before the blossom
buds open at the end spray with win
ter strength lime-sulphur, one to eight.
BY that time the eggs are deposited
and are very susceptible to injury. Two
applications a year made In this way
will hold the psylla in check.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
DISEASE OF LITTLE CALVES
Keep Youngsters Away From Gold
Drafts and Protect Them in Dry,
WeIl-Bedded Place.

Pneumonia is common disease of
little calves. The c6ld nights that
come on suddenly and Unexpectedly
are the chief causes.
Keep the little calves away from
those cold drafts and protect them in
dry, well-bedded place during the
cold wet nights. Prevention is better
than cure. Only few recover.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01

ed-in other words, the stock-should
he cut squarely across with the saw.
The knife edge of the grating tool
is then placed across the stock and by
tapping at the back of the tool with
the mallet, the stock is split or cut to
depth of two to four inches. The
thick, pointed wedge on the back of
the grating tool is used to pry apart
the cut after it is made. The scion is
then sharpened, inserted and the edges
Of the cut are covered.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
ITALY FIGHTING
ARMY OF 500, 900

ROme.-FrOm 80 to 43 Aus
trlan divisions-36O,OOO to 516,-
600 men-are kept engaged along
the italian front, says an official
communication.
The statement adds that since
Italy entered the war it has con-
quered 1900 square miles of ter
ritOry, shortening the war front
from 500 to 1916 miles, with az
aggregate of 1875 miles Of in
trenched lines.
War material is being manu-
factured by 2170 Italian fac
tories, employing 100000 work.
ers, including nearly $4,000
women,
The Austrian prisoners now
number $4,000, the statement as
serts.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
ESTIMATED VALUE OF cows
Total Yearly Product Of $1,000 Giver
by New York College of AgricuI-
ture-Cost Of Keep.

Estimates on the value of the aver
age dairy cows product in New Yorb
state, made by the college of agricul
ture, give a yearly total Of $4,000
Costs of maintaining her are estimated
at $61.S5, not including the cost of III
Dor. The difference, amounting tt
only $4.25 per COW, would give to the
man who cared for 20 cows a yearly
wage of $S5, which Is less than the
lowest wage paid to ordinary farm
labor.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
SETTING OUT A YOUNG TREE
Give Roots Plenty Of Room, Cutting
OF Those Broken or Long
Top Soil Is Favored.

When setting out a young tree be
sure to give the roots plenty Of space.
Cut off the broken roots and also the
very long roots making smooth cut
With sharp knife.
Use top soil around the roots, pack
ing well, and leaving little loose soil
over the surface to form mulch.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
GIVE HERD BULL ATTENTION
From Birth He Should Be Given Best
of Care and Feed to Make Maxi
mum Development.

(By w. w. SWEET, Missouri Agricultural
College)
It is we'll known and very true
saying that "the sire is half the herd"
vet this important "half" seldom re-
ceives the attention he deserves,
From birth, the bull should be given
the best of care and feed In order that
he may make the maximum growth
and development. He should receive
plenty of skim milk and grain and be
treated as we'll If not even better than
the heifer calves.
At the age of five to six months he
must be separated from the other
calves. From this time on he must re-
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
TOOLS FOR CLEFT GRATING
Trunk or Limb OF Tree to Be Operated
Upon Should Be Cut Squarely
Across With Saw.

The grating tool here shown was
especially devised for use in the pecan
groves of the country. With 1t Is
used sharp, tne-tooth saw, a very
sharp grating knife and a short
handled wooden mallet with the usual
raflia and graftiEg wax, In perform
ing the operation Of cleft grating, the
trunk or limb of the tree to be graft
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
SECURE BEST cow POSSIBLE
Take an Ordinary One-Get
Start Somehow.

Get a good dairy COW if possible.
If one cannot get good COW, then
get an ordinary COW, one that Is
healthy, one that will breed, and then
try to get her mated to good bull.
If one cannot buy a cow giving milk,
then buy heifer. If hefer cannot
be purchased, then buy heifer calf,
Get start somehow.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
REMOVE ALL DECAYING WOOD
Rubbish Harbors Disease and Insect
Pests That Spread to Healthy
Parts Of Fruit Trees.

Dead or decaying wood Of any fruit
plant should be removed as soon as 1t
is noticed, it matters not what the
season may be.
Such wood harbors disease and in
sect pests that will spread to healthy
parts Of the tree and to neighboring
trees.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
PRODUCT OF IMPROVED cow
Wild Animal Gave Only Enough Milk
to Nourish Its Young-30,000
Pounds Yearly Now.

The wild cow gave only enough
milk to support it's young. Proof of
what man has been able to do in i'm
proving dairy cattle is found in the
fact that production is more than 3d.
600 pounds, the present worlds record
for milk per year.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
Fiuhtinu Moths With Paper.

Moths hate newspapers; and will
rarely touch anything wrapped In
them. Wrap Winter clothes entirely In
newspapers before putting them away
for the summer and you may feel rea-
sonably certain that moths will not
harm them.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
HOME VARIETIES OF FRUITS
One Of Best Grab Apples Is Florence
Sweet Russet Is Excellent for
Sweet Pickles.

Florence is one Of the best crab
apples for general use. Sweet Russet
Is fine for sweet pickles and to eat out
of hand.
Early Strawberry and Whitney also
are good to eat out of hand but not
Of much value for market, because
they are rather soft.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
Daily Thouuht.

Mind and body are not to be sepa-
rated where real beauty exists. Should
there be no great intellect, there will
be an intellectual instinct, grace, an
address, n naturally wise amiableness.
Leigh Hunt.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
Daily ThouQht.

Spirituality Is not an attainment, an
acquisition of the nature; it is quail
ity of the nature. 1t Is not thing to
be; it Is n way of being everything
Phillips Brooks.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
2zzsf Clean kesf fhe;51 toZsph i 4 tie bfas: Il:

"You come from the finest South
ern stock of Virginia and the
Carolinas,' they say. "You are
made of the best tobacco in the
world. You are clothed in a fine,
clean, white suit of genuine inn
ported paper. Keep clean; keep
clean; keep clean clear through.
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01
NO Z, j,ss ], 3 ), ais; 81

You have to go some to keep up
areputation as a Southern gentle
mana SOVEREIGN-King of
Them All. Yes, sir! / bet | get
more attentionthananyyoung
on earth!
The folksi in the factory are always
at me to keep clean and sweet and
Catoctin clarion., 1917-03-01

~. ,.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
INVEST SAVINGS IN LIBERTY
LOAN BONDS.

There is only one thing certain
about the financial and commercial
conditions that peace is going to bring
and that is their uncertainty. 1t may
be that an era of great prosperity may
be upon us; 1t may be an era of stag
nation it may be an era of the sever
est competition we have ever expert
enced.
1t involves a paradox, but in this
present time of comparative CONNER
cial peace, for the great war has large
ly stopped for time the struggle
among nations for foreign commerce,
1t is a wise thing to prepare for the
economic war that will succeed the
present worldwide war.
II is we'll for every American citi-
zen to lay aside in some absolutely
safe security something for that day
that is coming. If it be great pros
perity one will be able to take advan-
tage Of it. II it be stagnation one
will be enabled to live through 1t. II
1t be bitter competition one will be
better able to withstand it.
No better provision could be made
for the future than an investment in
Liberty Loan bonds. They are absol-
itely safe and no possible condition
AN destroy their value; exempt from
III taxation except estate or inherit
nee taxes the income from them can
ot be lessened; with a market every
where in the United States and, as
ompetent financial authorities assert, |
market in every commercial center :
a the world when peace comes, they
ill be readily convertible into cash. 7
hey possess all OF the elements that Z
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
EVIDENCE OF iNEFFiCiENcY IN
TREASURY DEPARTMENT.

The first issue of Liberty bonds will
probably not reach the hands of those
who bought them much before the
second issue is offered. 1t now seems
certain that the bureau of engraving
and printing at Washington will not
be able to get the bonds off its presses
in anything like the time at first esti-
mated; and the bank note companies
of the country have been called upon
for bids on work to assist the bureau.
The prices named by the companies
competing for the work range from
IA to 20 cents per bond. How this
compares with the cost of the work
turned out by the government we do
not know; nor is it matter of great
consequence. But it is Of some value,
as bearing upon efficiency of the ad-
ministration, to know that Mr.. Nc
Adoo lacked the foresight to plan for
these bonds in season to have the me-
chanical work upon them done in am
Pile time so that one issue of bonds
might at least be in the hands of its
purchasers before another was plan
ned for and offered.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30

the war babies" on a basis Of $3.50
or better.
Take the Dupont Powder company
as an example, q concern that supplies
most Of the high explosives used In
the mines of this district. The price
of Dupont powder used in the mines
Is double what 1t was when the war
started; in fact, the high price of
powder is the main factor that has
forced many mining companies to
suspend operations and thereby oper-
ating to depress the mining industry
The company justifies the steady ad-
vance in the price Of explosives to
the increased cost of raw material, but
at the same time the profits of the
company, due to supplying explosives
to our government and our allies, are
far out of proportion to the increase
in the cost of the raw material Last
year, according to published reports,
the net earnings Of the Dupont Pow
der company amounted to nearly
$50, 000, 900, and with the United States
now engaged in the war and the de-
mand for explosives for the allies I'M
abated, it's earnings this year will I'M
doubtedly be far in excess of that fig-
ure. Is there any reason why large
proportion of these profits should not
be turned into the treasury for the
support of the government during the
war?
AS a matter of justice such institu-
tons and individuals who enjoy large
incomes in normal times should bear
the main burden in time of war. The
ordinary citizen is already taxed d.
rectly and indirectly to an extent far
out Of proportion to the amount paid
by the holders of great wealth and the
manufacturers Of war supplies. and
congress should see that the burden
is more equitably shifted to the shoul-
ders of those who are able to pay and
who are the direct beneficiaries of war
prices. Senator Borah Is eternally
right in his contention.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30

busybodies had grown to a size that
made it advisable for Lincoln to take
official notice of their arguments,
which he did in his annual message to
congress.
First demonstrating that the nation
al resources were "inexhaustible" and
that the public purpose to, maintain
the Union was unchanged" he said
"The manner Of continuing the ef-
fort remains to choose. On careful
consideration of all the evidence &C.
cessible. it seems to me that no at
tempt at negotiation with the insur-
gent leader could result in any good.
He would accept nothing short Of sew
erance Of the Union-precisely what
we will not and cannot give. Be-
tween him and us the issue Is dis
tinct, simple. and inflexible. It Is an
issue which can only be tried by war,
and decided by victory. If We yield,
We are beaten; IL the southern people
fail him, he is beaten. Either way 1t
would be the victory and defeat fol-
lowing war. They can at any
] moment have peace simply by laying
down their arms and submitting to the
national authority. The war will
fcease on the part of the government
whenever it shall have ceased on the
part Of those who began it."
Again the issue is distinct. simple.
and inflexible. Again 1t can only be
tried by war. and decided by victory.
The side which yields, now as then.
Is beaten. The invaders Of the world
can have peace at any moment by
ceasing the war which they began.
Our terms of peace are Lincoln's.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
LINcoLN's TERMS OF PEACE,
New York Times.l

Peace agitators were as numerous
in the war of Secession as today. The
supporters of the Union generally de.
scribed them as Copperheads. There
were, however, some loyal but mis-
taken Union men who kept botherins
President Lincoln. from the best of
motives, and begging him at least to
consent to conference with repre-
sentatives Of President Davis, so as to
arrive at basis for terms. The
president was too clear sighted not to
see that such a conference was certain
to do harm and not good, and he took
the same view Of all proposals for
negotiations or attempts of any kind
to find out what the Confederates
would accept in the way Of compro-
mise. But In 1884 the efforts Of these
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
GOT HIS MUM Der.

CIV. K. Maxwell in Akron Times.)
I'm stuck! They've got my number
DO, I guess it's up to me to go. That
little capsule says fall in! we've got
mans sized fight to win!' / felt 1t
coming; had bunch; but say, if you
could only see, how big that number
looked to me, when first the figures
caught my eye-believe me, they were
two feet high! Excited some? At
first well yes; it kind of got my goat
l guess. OF course / thought of
mother first-that's where it hits a
fellow worst. And then-I never told
you this-but there's a girl I'll sort O.
miss. Well, DO, shut my jaws a
while, till | could put across smile.
And then somehow thought of Dad.
and when he was husky lad. He
didn't wait for drafting day-just
packed his kit and hiked away. And
mother-not quite twenty then-she
stuck till he came home again. l know
they hate 80 see me go; they think a
lot, of men, but, DO, they'd never lift
their heads or speak, if should show
yellow streak; the girl? If she's the
kind worth while. sYle'll weep a little
bit then smile and bid me Gods speed
to the fight like was some old fash
Toned knight. Exemption? Cut the
DO; a hale millions got to
go. They've got my number, got it
fair, and Tn the boy to do my share.
Say, where's that little book of
French? 1t may come handy in
trench,
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
GERARD'S GERMANY STORY,
mining and Scientific Press.)

mining and Scientific Press.)
Journalism and diplomacy, alike
have been cheapened by the stuff
that Mr. Gerard has published in
the Hearst and other, better, news
papers. Omittlng the kaiser's tele-
gram, which was intensely interesting
and should have been made public by
the state department, not by the am
bassador or the syndicate to whom he
sold it-omitting that telegram the
rest Is no better than kitchen gossip.
Most of it is not new and much that
Is new is trivial. For an ambassador
to splash Hearst paper with large
type and larger headings, and there
by spread two-thirds of a column of
matter over whole page, is small
business. It is more worthy Of a Tam
many Judge than the envoy of the
United States at the imperial court Of
Berlin.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
INCREASE THE TAX ON PROFITS
IS THE RIGHT SYSTEM.

Senator Borah is leading the fight
to place more of the burden of wal
revenues on those industries which
are making such inordinate profits
through the demand for their products
created by the war. His position on
this question is absolutely sound, and
in this he reflects the feeling Of the
millions in the ordinary walks of life
who find that their incomes do not
keep pace with the rapid advance in
prices of all the necessaries they con-
sumo or use, to say nothing of the
direct taxes they are subjected to un-
der present war revenue laws. Not
only should those whose incomes have
been swollen to such large proper
tions through the direct influence of
the war be compelled to contribute
heavily to the support of the govern
ment while the war lasts, but those
who in time of peace as well as in war
enjoy princely incomes from fixed in
vestments should be compelled to d.
vide with the government along with
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
CALLAHAN AT coEUR DALENE.
Occur d'Alene Press.)

occur d'Alene Press.)
Yesterday about $4,000 was paid
out in this city by the Occur dAlene
Canning company. The money was
invested in the cannery by ]. F. Cal
lahan, of Wallace, who is anxious to
see this beautiful city prosper and be-
come the home city of North Idaho.
Mr.. Callahan has large income and
is looking for investments but is
anxious to see the home people invest
also. 1t should be the pride of every
citizen to buy stock in the cannery,
rot only as paying investment but
in appreciation to Mr.. Callahan, who
has made this factory a possibility in
Occur d'Alene. Mr.. Callahan will
probably finance other industries here
If the people show they have faith in
their home town.
A. A. Crane, who was instrumental
in interesting Mr.. Callahan in the can
merry said, Hundreds of other Occur
dAlene mining men will invest and
live in Occur d'Alenei if an auto road is
built between here and Wallace,
whereby a person can make the trip
in two hours" This road can be
built when the highway district is
created, then Mr.. Crane must bring
the hundreds here to reside. This can
be done as the smelter in Kellogg will
not be a drawing feature for an at
tractive residence town, but this city
only a two-hour ride, every house
here will be occupied and many more
beautiful homes will be built. Boost
for the highway.
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
GOVERNMENT TOO SLOW.
Duluth News Tribune.)

Duluth News Tribune.)
At Spokane the soldiers under mill
tary orders closed the l. w. w. head
quarters and arrested the occupants
They were two hours behind the Du.
luth squad. More than this, the Spo.
kane action came only after a strike
had been called.
The strike was to be general In.
volving all l. w. w. agricultural and
construction workers. 1t was 10 '7et
the fruit rot" and grain waste, to close
mills and shut down mines, not fol
any labor advantage, not to increase
wages nor better working conditions.
The one and only purpose was te
cripple the government 1t was 9
declaration Of civil war. Yet 1t was
not news. 1t was not unexpected. l,
had been openly in preparation. Il
was. in fact. but a part Of the prog.
ram of I. w. w. working everywhere
in aid of the enemies of the United
States.
The propaganda was largely of Ger.
man origin. yet the direct connection
between the I. w. w. and German
paid propagandists was not necessary
Haywood and his gang have been open
revolutionists. They have made a
business of insulting the flag and de-
flying all law and all governmental
authority. They were ready to make
common cause with Germany, and
have done so.
They have not been hindered in this.
Once more the government has waited
for the overt act" while overt act
after overt act has passed, unnoticed,
unreprimanded, but with
a sort of covert approval.
Now when the act becomes too flag
rant, but after it is something accom-
plished, after the fire has been lighted,
those who applied the torch in the
one section are taken under military
control while the arch traitor, the
in chief of them all. ia
still untouched.
Is 1t to he wondered that a public
that has had its turn with this army
II snakes welcomes relief through ac-
ion, even If that action Is not directly
ordered by the legal authorities?
The Wallace miner. [volume] (Wallace, Idaho) 1907-current, 1917-08-30
Sisners of pselaration.

There were IS signers Of the dec
iaration, all native Americans except
eight, OF whom one was born in Wales,
two In England, two in Scotland and
three In Ireland. The signer born In
wales was Francis Lewis Of New
York; the two signers born in Eng
land were Robert Morris of Pennsyl-
vania and Burton Gwinnett Of Geor-
gia; the two born in Scotland were
John Witherspoon Of New Jersey and
James Wilson Of Pennsylvania; the
three born in Ireland were Matthew
Thornton Of New Hampshire, James
Smith Of Pennsylvania and George
Taylor Of Pennsylvania.