davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15

TT is stated that the corn crop, when,
with favorable weather from now on
may equal the bumper yield OF l9l2'
sboy,s. an increase of Sal ,0O0,0 bushels
over last year, with total of 3,124,OOO,OOo
bushels.
The kernel of corn is the basis of the
great American crop, of which we produced
2.5S3.241 900 bushels last year, more than
half of the worlds production. One hun
dred million acres of our soil are planted
with this crop, of which the kernel is the
humble but potent unit.
The germ of the grain furnishes valu-
able oil and oilcake for stock feeding. Inc
hills and cell walls, with the gluten, fur
nish the valuable stock feed known as
"gluten feed" From the starch liquid
chooses and solid sugars are obtained.
Out of last years crop 244,547,OOO BUSH
els were consumed as cornmeal and corn
-four, S37, 1885, 900 bushels as hominy and
prits and 4O,OOO,OO as cornstarch, glucose
and grape sugar. Corn oil to the amount
Of 8.164.OOO gallons was produced, and
As. 800. 900 bushels of corn were used IN
the manufacture of distilled and ferment-
ed liquors.
From a bushel of corn the following
quantities of material are produced, ac-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15
Keeping the Motor Car
Factories Up to Normal

Between Niagara's alloys and her abra-
sives, it is estimated that every industry
utilizing steel has multiplied its productive
powers by three. Engineers who know every
phase of the processes of automobile manu-
facture declare that if it had not been for
these abrasives and alloys every motor car
factory in America would have had to slow
down to one-ffth of its normal production
when the war broke out.
"But Niagara does not stop with these
things. In the trenches of Europe there must
be pure water lest epidemic disease sweep
over them, destroying more than the shells,
shrapnel and machine guns of the enemy;
and Niagara comes forward with chlorine, or
an allied product, which kills the germs of
disease, yet leaves the drinker untouched
A gallon Of It will kill all the germs in
days drinking water of a city like Washing
ton.
All these things Niagara has been able to
do without detracting at all from its beauty
even without exhausting the amount of water
authorized by the Canadian-American treaty
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15

Of almost three tons over the same month
of the previous year. This represented a
saving of 58,473 car trips and saved a
movement of 1S9 $780, 900 ton-miles of tare
weight" The Gazette" continues:
"A properly designed coal car can be loaded
with coal to 10 per cent over its marked ca
pacty. In forty-foot boxcar it is possible
TO load only about one-half Of its marked
tonnage capacity with potatoes and with fruit
and other vegetables. Produce or merchan-
disc packed in crates, which are compare
lively easily crushed, cannot be loaded up TO
the roof OF the car.
at has been the general practice in the
South to ship watermelons in boxcsrs in four
layers only. A fifth layer will crush the
melons on the bottom and is therefore i'm
practical But one road, at least, in the
South is putting double deck in its boxcars,
which doubles the capacity of the car, as two
layers are put on each deck. An additional
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15
G n Canac Should Be Enforced by Railroads

deck costs in the neighborhood Of IS. Think
Of buying a whole boxcar for S.!
"The Canadian roads have been longer
under the pressure Of war necessities than
have railways of the United States. Since the
war began the average carload Of revenue
freight per loaded car on the Canadian Pa
cifc has been brought up from 1894 to 2272
tons-1S per cent
Several plans involving government owner
ship Of freight cars have been put forward to
remedy the car shortage The most radical
of these is the proposal Of Philadelphia
newspaper writer that the government shall
purchase all the freight cars now on the rail-
ways, furnish the additional supply needed,
and itself take direct charge of the distribu-
tion of cars. A Memphis organization has
suggested that the government buy 100000
new cars and put them in service. Finally,
formal consideration has been given by the
Railroads War Board TO a scheme for the
government 10 build 100000 cars"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15

necessity Of full loads, are making almost
perfect records. The Universal Portland
Cement Company, from May to 10, in
elusive, kept a record that showed an
average load of 1885 per cent of marked
capacity. 1t is true that certain COM
modities cannot be loaded to full car
capacity without damage.
Loading cars to capacity is war
measure. It should be enforced by the
railroads in all cases where feasible and
freely accepted as a war need by the ship
pers and consignees.'
Mr. Smith puts particular stress upon
the patriotic duty which shippers and con-
signees should espouse at this time.
There are between 100000 and 100000
roints at which freight is handled in this
country" he says.
"A slight quickening in the time of load
ing and unloading at each of these points
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15

THERE is an enormous waste IN
the loading of freight cars-and
at time when, as Chicago Com
-s'rs' points out, the trade unit is the
9'Tsrning factor.
Attention is called by this publication
% bulletin issued by the Pennsylvania
Hlfoad that contains diagrams showing
= 'a'torary ways in which tomatoes
Haizer, sugar in bags, sugar in barrels
a. IN bags, oil in barrels and cotton IN
~ are shipped. In the case Of each
aese commodities, the commercial unit
A'aeh shipments are ordinarily made fills
al or less than half Of the carrying
NNety Of a boxcar. The diagrams
ANT how practically the entire capacity
"ne car can be utilized.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15

TUE latest burglar device, according
TO "The Electrical Experimenter,"
L is mechanism designed to be-
friend the bank cashier in his hour Of
greatest need-when the muzzle Of the
holi-up mans revolver is levelled az him.
This paHfeation goes into details:
Bars., detection is made a matter OF GER
.siry and simplicity by means of device
rrsssd By Lee A. Collins, Of Louisville
4. Pstents are pending on the invention.
ri the installation Of the alarm, bur
.r /, forcing or gaining an entrance sets
aston the mechanical device, which then
r--ons the police, giving them the name
L! address, Of the person whose home or
"a, is being entered.
L,o,her type Of the device does not oper-
Il, With a monograph attachment, but, in
r.sl- has a buzzer which warns central, VINO
risrn reports the matter TO the police. An
tie, type Of the invention has bell which
j. osrrOnea By thermostats and gives fire
tir-s as well as burglar alarms.
Tie alarm does not cease if window or
isr is closed Immediately after being opened
y. continues at work until the connection
) ca; OF.
Tie device is simple in construction and
i, De attached 70 any telephone. A special
r=s,t-ent makes it possible for bank or ex-
,,.ss company cashiers to start the mechan-
~ by pressure Of the foot or knee in the
u,s. an attempt is made at hold-up. Two
~ tel batteries operate the entire system
Z tie bank cashier is held up, for instance
h SIMPLY obeys orders and throws up both
n,a If he deems it best, but lis foot Is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15

Of commercial progress. The cheap power
obtained made Niagara a laboratory where
great ideas could be transformed into nation
benefting enterprises.
when Niagara power was first developed
efforts made TO make artificial grinding ma
terials were proving a failure because of a
lack Of electric current at a price the new
venture could afford to pay. Those who backed
the process thereupon went to Niagara Falls,
set up a plant, and founded the artificial
abrasive industry. How much its success
means TO America cannot be overestimated.
take the grinding machinery out Of the
automobile factories, remove it from the
muntion plants. eliminate it from the loco
motive works, car foundries and machine
shops of the country. and you would paralyze
the nations whole industrial system And
that would have happened ere now had not
Niagara's artificial abrasives stepped in TO
save the day when the war shut out our nat
ural supply of emery and corundum from
Asia Minor.
There is not a bearing in our automobiles
but is ground on Niagara-made grindstones;
crankshafts are roughened and finished with
them, pistons and cylinders are made true,
camshafts likewise, and hundred critical
parts of every car whether Of the cheapest
or the most expensive make. 1t would be i'm
possible to build anything of tool steel on
commercial basis without Niagara's abrasives.
mo she'll goes to Europe whose nose has
not been ground into shape on Niagara-made
grindstones Likewise it is Niagara's abra-
sives that have done more than any one other
thing to master the hot box that bette noire
of the American railroad man and the worst
enemy of schedule time train transportation
the world around.
"But Niagara's bit in behalf of American
arms does not end with the story OF abra-
sives; indeed, it only we'll begins. The story
of ferro-silicon is another illustration Of how
beauty under the alchemy of science is trans
muted into grim visaged war
Last year this country made more steel
than the whole world produced when William
Mckinley became President of the United
States. Nearly three-fourths of that steel
was made by the open hearth process, and
fcrro-silicon was used as a deoxldlzer, TO
purify it by driving out the oxygen. Further
more in the making Of big steel castings that
alloy is practically indispensable in the elm
nation of blow-holes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15
The Kernel of Corn-a Humble but Potent Unit

cording to the corn bulletin issued by the
American Steel and Wire Company:
$50 pounds corn oil
LIS pounds corn oilcake.
1880 pounds gluten feed.
l25 pounds steep water solids.
400 pounds Al degree Beaum6 glucose or
4l.OO pounds 40" brewers sugar or
1000 pounds dried starch or
8 gallons $50 degree alcohol.
Corn has but few relatives in the plant
world. Man has developed it and made it
one of the greatest plants in the field.
Every one knows the value and use of corn
as farm feed, but few appreciate its
value as a human food in this country.
In other corn producing countries it is a
popular human food 1t is a strictly
American plant, but sailors carried it
broadcast, and fields Of it now cover the
other continents.
The white man found corn in use by the
Indians in Virginia. In most other coun-
tries it is known as maize, and in English
texts it is referred to as Indian corn. To-
day. when the snow is on the Illinois corn
fields, the Argentine corn fields are rlpen-
ing. The largest producing areas are IN
the United States, Mexico, Austria-Hun-
gary and Italy.
The corn crop report for this season
shows backward, cold and wet conditions"
Replanting has been necessary in many
sections. The acreage for 1917 is very
large.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15
T IAGARA FALLS has gone t

n TIAGARA FALLS has gone to war
~ Held in reverence for its beauty
by generations Of nature-loving
, Americans" opens William Joseph Sho-
walter in "The National Geographic Mag
azine," Niagara has enlisted, and IS doing
its bit in the cause for which the people Of
the United States have pledged anew their
lives, their fortunes and their sacred
honor"
The writer goes on as follows:
Aided by science, it has transformed the
silvery sheen Of its whitencd waters into the
fatefu furies of the artillery duel and the
infantry charge. The placid food of the up
per river has become hardness In steel, speed
in manufacture. healing in antiseptics, white
ness in linen, chcapness in automobiles, dura-
bility in machinery.
at has heightened the lives Of big guns
it has multiplied the power and the number
of shells; it is standing guard over every
mile Of carrying railroad track, and Is
protecting every engine axle and car wheel
from failure in the rush of material 10 the
front. Aye, who knows but that the very
scales Of victory will be turned by the weight
it throws into the balance?
The Epic Of
Niagara
"The story Of Niagsras role in the battle
OF the nations is an epic in the history OF
war.
"Twenty-seven years ago certain manu-
facturers, seeing the tremendous amount OF
power running to waste where the waters o.
Superior, Michigan, Huron and Erie leap
from lake level toward level, undertook
the installation of great hydro-electric plant
at Niagara. Later other power developing in
terests entered the field, and then began
legislative and diplomatic war between those
who would utilize some of the power of Ma
CARA and those who would keep it untouched
by the unsentimental hand of commercialism.
Finally the governments of the United
States and Canada made treaty regulating
the amount of water that could be diverted
for power purposes. Canada has used her
share to the last secondfoot, but the United
States has never permitted the utilization o.
considerable share of her allowance.
"But for the part used there has been rem
dered by the users one of the most remark
able accounts of stewardship in the history
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15

busy meanwhile, and when the foot operated
trip-switch closes the Collins automatic tele-
phone alarm Immediately gets busy. It raises
the telephone hook Gin another room, so the
thief will not become desperate) and stimuli
taneously starts a small phonograph located
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-07-15
Putting a Stop to Bank Hold-Ups

near the telephone. 1t carries special rec
ord, announcing the banks name, the loca-
ton and the news that the "thief's here" 1t
repeats the message over and over again,
notifying Central who at once informs Police
Headquarters.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1917-01-29
ARMISTICE FIRST,
URGES HANOTAUX
II Should Precede Discussion
of Peace Terms, Says the
French Statesman.

PARIS, Jan. 2s.--Crabriel Hanotaux
one time Foreign Minister and president
of the Franco American Commission for
the Development of Political f. ,onomic,
Literary and Art Relations, has an az
ticle in the Figaro in which. after at
tributing President Wilson's recent
speech In the Senate to an ambition TO
he a mediator between the helligerents
and his insistence on an early peace In
order to satisfy that ambition. he says
The Central Powers also want "a
prompt peNce--an immediate peace.
Thus an american peace In it's presen,
character would more or less be a Ger
man peace whatever may be the prin-
ciples and intentions that may dictate
its character in the future. That Is why
] say that the greatest danger for the
Entente Powers and for the world would
he the opening of negotiations Of any
kind prior Ia the conclusion Of an arm
istice. An armstice tirst--an armisticr
with all the necessary pedses--thdt Is
the A II c OF substantial pacifcation.
When the Central Powers really
want to negotiate they will come face
to face with the Entente allied Govern
ments and the latter will examine not
peace conditions but conditions for the
suspension OF arms. These points once
esta ablished and the conditions OF an
armistice not only determined but exc
cuted. II will he possible to talk. and tho
hour of the neutrals and that OF peace
congress will come immedia tely after
ward There II nothing TO be done be
forehand; no grean cloth covered table
whilo blood continues TO fow."
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1917-01-29
IRISH FACTIONS
UNITEDFORDAY
Orangemen and Catholics Join
in Armagh to Honor Irish
Canadians.
spec,si Cobi. D,spo,ch 10 The sus.

BELFAST, Jan. 2S.--A settlement OF
the Irish question was never nearer.
judging from the remarkable scenes
witnessed here to-day when a new bat
TALON of the Irish Canadian Rangers.
just arrived in Europe. marched through
Belfast.
The battalion. which is 800 strong, Is
composed exclusively OF Canadians Of
Irish descent. and comprises many ma
tives OF New York and other States.
II vas brought here TO visit the home
of it's forefathers.
Sunday was spent AT Armagh, the &C.
clesiastical seat of ireland. This quaint
town, founded by ST. Patrick 1900 years
ago. certainly never witnessed stranger
snenes than when the battalion. of which
400 are Catholics and 40 Protestants,
marched through and WAS received by a
committee wearing. for the first time per-
haps since the battle OF the Boyne, orange
and green ribbons pinned together.
remarkable spirit OF reconciliation
prevailed everywhere. The chairman OF
the committee flew the Union Jack from
his house for the first time in five gem
erations. Receptions were given in honor
of the battalion by Cardinal Logue and
the Protestant Primate Of Ireland. both
chaplains OF the battalion attending each
reception, The speakers at both func-
tons included men who had not spoken
to each other for thirty wears, and who
believed yesterday that they We're sepa-
rated forever by lrelands old quarrel.
The keynote of the speeches was that
all We're united In the common cause TO
defeat the enemy. and that the time had
come for decisive. combined effort.
These remarkable happenings were
followed by \ more striking spectacle
when the battalion. after day spent at
Armagh. arrived at Belfast. Crowds
! hftcen deep lined both sides of every
, street along the route of march, Rous-
Ing cheers welcomed the soldiers. who
were pelted with flowers thrown by
women. The triumphant march resem-
bicd more the return OF soldiers from
war than the mere passage OF a new
battalion.
1 After mass at the Catholic cathedral
Cardinal LOgue referred to the great fu-
ture before Canada. lie welcomed the
I rangers and expressed his gratitude for
, the manner in which they had offered
themselves for the defence of the coun-
try. The Cardinal said that every one
was longing and praying for peace but
that 1t must be a Just. stable and per.
manent peace, not mere hating IN
hoStilities between the belligerent Pow,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1917-01-29
COSTA RICA'S HEAD
DEPOSED BY ARMY
President Gonzales Succeeded
by Minister Of War After
Uprising.

SAN JosE. Costa Rica. Jan. 2S.-The
President OF Costa Rica. Alfred Con-
zales. was deposed from Office by the
military forces OF the capital. supported
by great number OF citizens. on Sat
urday. The administrative power was
conferred on the Minister OF War. Fed
erico Tinoco. as provisional chief of the
Executive. The movement was enthu-
siastically carried out and perfect order
prevailed.
President Gonzales left his home with
out hmdrance and took refuge In the
American Legation. Already the Tinoco
Government has taken steps to call a
convention. the delegates to be elected
by the people. which will meet on April
for the election of a President.
The cause OF GOnzales's deposition is
to be found. according to the leaders Of
the Government, in the reelection aims
OF the President, who, Il is alleged. was
endeavoring to retain his official POSI-
tion for another term. contrary to the
Constitution. A new system Of taxes ad-
vocated by Gonzales was threatened. and
to this Costa Ricans generally were
strongly OPPOSED. Gonzales was chosen
President OF Costa Rica by Congress in
May, 1914.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1917-01-29
BRITISH STEAMER UREN77C
SUNK BY U-BOAT OR A MINE
Coast-Twelve Officers and 100 Men Saved Out of
Crew of 3OO-Patroed Pacific Two Years.

Great Britain to order the release OF the
men seized. stating that their arrest was
nm tistiiiable and unnecessary, The
United States took the ground that the
case was an exact parallel Of the famous
Trent affair. Bein2 met with a declina-
ton b, the British Government the state
Department sent a second note, where
upon the British Foreign Office an
nounced its decision TO release the Teu-
tons.
The Laurcntic recently arrived In
England from the Indian Ocean ana
when she was within a few days OF port
her commander. Capt. John Mathias'
well known to seagoers from New YORK.
was killed by a falling beam while fight
ing ire aboard. The Laurentic had been
two years under command OF Capt.
Matthias cruising for commerce raiders.
She was fitted as an auxiliary and was
equipped with eight guns.
The launching Of the Laurentic at Bel
fast in 1903 marked the entry of the
White Star Line into the Canadian trade
In conjunction with the Dominion Line.
The veesel was said to be the first pas
senger steamship to be fitted with a com
bination of reciprocating engines with
a low pressure turbine.
At that time the Laurentic was the
largest vessel In the Canadian trade
She was 5b5 feet long, with a beam OF
G., feet inches. In addition to accom-
modations for $50 first class, 430 second
class and ESQ third class passengers abe
was equipped with six cargo holds with
large refrigerating chambers. The Lau-
rentic was a sister ship of the Megantic
another ship in the Canadian service
which was reQuisltioned by the British
Admiralty.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1917-01-29
BERLIN TO HAVE
UNIFORM BREAD
Magistrates Order Is Followed
by a Storm Of Indig-
nant Protests.

BERLIN, Jan. ~. via London. Jan 2s.-
The Berliner TagebIatt says that 1t is
informed authoritatively that the Ger
man Government plans a permanent
grain monopoly along present lines af-
ter the conclusion of the war and that
no naturalization Of grain dealers Is ex-
pected. The Ta0eblatt says 1t is not GER
agree to such a measure.
Uniform bread" consisting OF half
rye -four, about 40 per cent. white -four
and 10 per cent. barley -four. is to be
adopted exclusively in Berlin, according
to ruling made to-day by the ma2is-
trates The ruling conforms with a
recommendation OF the bread commits
sion which has been investigating the
increasing bread shortage that has made
itself painfully felt during the last few
weeks.
THE decision was taken despite pro-
tests from every conceivable quarter and
In face of arguments that uniform
bread" would not appreciably better the
situation The bread shortage has been
confined largely to nearly white loaves
and is due on one hand to transportation
difficulties ai, on the other to the over.
generous production Of cakes by bakers.
Cake making therefore has been forbid
den hereafter.
The protests against the proposal to
introduce uniform bread"--as Hamburg
and other cities have done-were based
on the arguments that IL will be more
extensive than the old rye bread and
because il is difficult to slice a loaf ex-
actly into fifty gram pieces to correspond
with the banished rolls. II was argued
also that 1t will force the consumption
OF some white -four. whereas earlier hun
dreds of thousands ate only rye bread
and that II would not materially aid in
solving the flour shortage because that
! is due primarily to inadeduacy Of trans
| poTtation.
Rumors Of the impendins Introduction
of the unpopular uniform bread were
accompanied ny reports that the weekly
allowance OF 1900 grams would be re-
duced but it was declared to-day thai
this step was not intended under an,
! circumstances