davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1917-09-08

Gustave Pollock. the popular gen
eral manager of the Stock Yards
Packing Company. Is winning wide
fame as philanthropist. As a helper
Of frendless boys he is doing great
work in Chicago.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09

product last year was small in compari- son with the crops of the past. In 1914 We made over 16,00000O bales; and, in the year before that, the crop brought in more than $1,000,000000 of clean, cold, hard cash.
 Let us pile up the cotton we raised three years ago, and get picture of 1t in the eye of our mind A bale, ready for shipment, is about two feet end to end, s1,00,000 bales would reach from New York to Chicago, and 16,09OOOO. the crop of that year, would extend 15,000 miles farther. The whole would reach twice as far as the distance through the center of the earth from one side to the other, and if the bales were piled in tier of IS, 1t would make wall of cotton two feet wide and as high as a three-story house all the way from the mouth of the Hudson river to the southern end of Lake Michigan.
 If loaded upon cars at 40 bales to the car, it would fill solid train reach
 ing from Boston to Puget sound and a long way toward Alaska. Built up as wall along the trenches in Europe, it
 would divide the belligerents on the west ern front by a fertilization higher and stronger than the cotton ramparts behind which our soldiers under Andrew Jackson fought the British in the battle of New Orleans.
 So much for the size of. that crop. Now for it's value. This depends upon the price of cotton per pound. The crop that brought in 1000, 900 was less by one eighth than the one have estimated in giving the size. Last year cotton went sky high. It sold for as much as 20 cents pound, or $100 per bale; so much that thousands of the small farmers are now riding about in their own automo- piles, At $1,000,000000 the crop was equal to $50 for every family in the United States, or $30 for every man, woman and child south of Mason and Dixon's line It was more than two and half times the cost of the Panama canal, and more than twice as much as all the gold that has ever come out of the earth in any one year But gold mines play out and the worlds treasure value of precious metals will eventually be exhausted. The cotton crop is like the cruse of oil of the widow who fed the Prophet Elijah. It keeps on yielding sums like this year after year; and as the world in- creases in population the supply will be greater by the bringing of more of our land under cultivation, and cotton will De worth more and more.
 As it Is now, less than ne-tenth of the lands of the cotton belt are in cotton The total area Of the plantations this year is somewhere between 36,000,000 and 40, 000,000 acres, and the average yield will be from one-third to one-half bale per acre. If all of the land were in use the crop might be 10 times as great, and if it were intensively cultivated after the plans of our agricultural department, it could be made to yield twice or three times as much to the acre. In fact, this is just what has been done all over the south in fighting the boil weevil, that plague which has afflicted King Cotton more sorely than the locusts and flies af- flicted King Pharaoh, or the worms af-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09

any other cotton we raise. It makes the finest yarn and, it is said, a single pound of it can be spun into thread 160 miles long
 The Egyptian cotton. which have seen growing luxuriantly in the valley of the Nile, below Cairo and also in
 the Sudan, not far from Khartum, ranks about next to our Sea Island cotton in staple. We import thousands of bales of it to use in manufactures where cotton is mixed with wool. and the product is sold as wool or wool mutations. The same is true of the Peruvian cotton, of which compara- lively little is grown
 The East Indian cotton has short staple and 1t brings a low price in the market. Still from it were made the muslins of Dacca, which were so fine that they were called webs of woven wind. India will raise several million bales of cotton this year.
 The most of our cotton is known as upland cotton. This also is of many different types, each of which has is own place in the market, and brings ifs own price according to quality and length of staple. Altogether the vaIue of cotton depends upon the soil the climate, the seed, the season and inc way in which the crop is cultivated and brought to the market
 During my trip through the south I have talked with the planters as to how cotton is raised. The ground is plowed and narrowed in March, and the fur rows thrown up so as to make rows of hills about three or four feet apart Along the middle of March or in April the cotton is planted. The seeds. which are small and black and little larger than buckshot, are drilled in, and a few days later the green sprouts come through the soil. They grow rapidly under good cultivation. The crop is plowed much like corn, and the weeds are kept down. The plants are thinned or chopped out from time to time until they are one or two feet apart in the rows. They begin to blossom in June, when the fields look like great gardens of roses. The first day they come out they are white or cream color. On the second day they become darker and redder, and on the third or fourth they fall to the ground, leaving the tiny bolls which grow to the size and shape of hens egg. They soon crack open and the white cotton bursts out. It is
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09

now ready for picking. The crop does not ripen all at once, and the pici1ers go over the field half dozen or more times during the harvesting season. which begins in the far ssouth and Texas in July, and lasts until late in the fall. In Georgia and in North and South Carolina some of the cotton is still being gathered at Christmas.
 Harvesting cotton is an expensive item. The most of the picking is still done by hand, and many question wheth- CT an efficient machine picker will ever be found, although there are cotton pick ing machines in the market. At the pick ing time the whole of the farming com munity is found in the fields, and men, women and children go through the rows and gather the white lint or seed cotton into baskets and bags. The most of the picking is done in sacks, which are emptied into large baskets at the end of the rows
 The quantity that each picker gathers Is different. Some hands can pick only 100 pounds a day, while others gather 200 and 300 in the same time. Some of the best picllers are women and children. The prices of picking vary according to season. Fifty cents per 100 pounds of seed has been the price in many locali- ties, but it often runs to $1 a hundred and upward; and it will probably be very high this fall. At 75 cents per 100 the cost of picking pound of baled cotton is 1-5 cents, so that it is likely to be or more cents per pound for the crop this year.
 After the picking. the cotton must be ginned and pressed into bales It is usually sold in the bale, being hauled back home from the gin or to the warehouse where it is held until the market is right. The warehouse charges are from 10 to 50 cents a bale, depending upon the place and length of time 1t is kept in storage The to- tai cost for storing, selling and insur- ance varies from s1 to $2 and upward per bale.
 Ginning the cotton is necessary to get the seed out. The lint or raw cot ton is wrapped around the seed so tightly that it would take days to separate by hand what machinery will do in a very few minutes. About century ago it took one person 10 hours or more to save a pound of white lint. The work was so great that it was not profitable to raise cotton,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09

and 1t was only when Eli Whitney in vented the cotton gin that crops like those of today became a possibility. Now there are gins all over the south, and large ginning establishments in every cotton locality. These are run by steam, and the farmer can bring in his seed cotton in an open wagon and the suction tubes will take it into the gin and drop it onto the saws. The cotton goes through the machinery, which tears off the lint It rolls out in fleecy sheet, which looks like cot ton batting, falling down on the floor in a snowy white mountain. From there other machinery carries 1t to the com press, where 1t is baled. It can be de- livered back to the farmer within 8 comparatively few minutes after it has come from his wagon.
 After 1t is ginned and baled the cot ton is ready for the market This is done at the warehouse or elsewhere through an agent, who may charge $1 or more for each bale Many of the farmers make their own sales, the buy CTS bidding against each other for the product Not few of those who raise the crop on credit have to market it through the bankers or storekeepers who advance the money in the way of cash or goods at high rates of interest. As a result the poor planter gets comparatively small amount for his crop. The creditor does the figuring and the results are so disappointing that the colored cotton growers have a song the chorus of which is;
 Naught's a naught, figger's figger, All for the white man and none for
 the nigger.
 Tn fact, the negro has large part in making the crop. More than one third of the cotton farms are cuiti- vated by him, either as owner or ten ant It is estimated that there are something like 600000 negro farmers, and of these a half million rent their land of the whites. On the plantations owned by the whites the negro fur nishes much of the labor. There are, however, many small farms where ne is never employed. and others where he is called in for few days work only and that in the height of the busy season.
 (copyright, 1917. by Frank G. Car
 penter)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09

flicted Herod, the King of the Jews. The plague of King Herod and that of King Cotton are strikingly similar The boil weevil is bug not one-tenth the size
 of mans finger nail, but it multiplies
 so rapidly that a single family will pro-
 duce 100000 grandchildren in the space of year. This bug lays eggs in the
 cotton bolls. They hatch out as worms
 and they eat the golden profits of
 great part of the crop. The only way
 to withstand them is by raising more
 cotton upon the same ground so as to
 feed the weevils and leave some to spare.
 The motto of pr. Knapp, who led the
 fight against this terrible plague, was to double the crop by good farming, or to raise the same crop on half as much land. This has been done in nearly all the boil weevil districts, and notwith- standing the continued invasion and spread of the weevil, the crop has grown greater and greater since the bugs first came in from Mexico, more than two decades ago. We have been increasing the yield also by seed selection and by bringing in new seed from all parts of the world, and growing that which IS best for special localities. We have been marrying different kinds of cot toin and producing hybrid children that do better than their parents on either OSNAA crossed with the upland, and cotton has been brought in from Egypt and mar ried to our native cottons with good re- suits.
 Not long ago an official of the Egyp- tian government came over to study the cotton belt. He visited all of our southern states and was so impressed by the excellent soil and climate that he expects to come to the United States to plant cotton. He says we have about the best cotton growing terri tory on earth. There Is no doubt that he Is correct.
 It will surprise some to know that cotton is of many different varieties The plant is divided up into families, and each family tree has as many branches as those of the Puritans who came over in the Mayflower Each has a long botanical name derived from the Latin or Creek but in plain "Unlred States the chief types known in a way are Sea Island cotton upland cotton, tree cotton and Indian cotton. l have seen the Sea Island cotton which Is said to be the finest that has ever decorated the fair bosom of old Mother Earth It grows on the islands off Georgia and South Carolina, and it is more like a tree than the plants about here, which are from one to three feet in height. The Sea Island plant is as big around as a broomsticl1 where it comes from the ground and it towers to height of six feet and upward, shooting off at every few inches a branch which is loaded with cotton bolls. The bolls are as big as a black walnut with the hull on, and when they burst out the cotton hangs down all over the plant like so many balls of white popcorn. It is as fine as silk and it shines like satin. The fiber is from one and a half to three inches long and is much longer than
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09

the United States, the other cotton fields are petty colonies. We own the main kingdom and often produce more
 than three -fourths of the worlds crop.
 In fact, all of the best cotton lands upon earth belong to us and our allies. The cotton raised last year amounted all told to little more than IT, 900, 900 bales. Of this amount 12,600,000 bales were grown upon United States soil. Thirty-five hundred thousand
 bales were raised In British India and
 910,000 bales came from Egypt and other British dependencies. Russia, which is also one of our allies, made about a million and half bales while Germany, Bulgaria and Austria Hun gary grew no cotton whatever. I have travelled over most of the cot
 ton fields of the world outside the United States. They are mere patches beside our mighty farm known as the cotton belt. South America has lit
 tie valley in the desert of northern
 Peru where she raises a kind of tree cotton of a reddish brown color and in Brazil there are larger patches which produce a low grade staple of several hundred thousand bales. Africa, outside Egypt, makes not enough to supply breech cloths for the negroes along the equator, and the production of Asia is confined to Russian Tur- kestan, India, China and small area In Turkey and Persia.
 And now let us look at King Cot toms dominions on the North American continent. They lie in the United States and cover almost one-third Of the southern part of our country. Their area is more than s00,00o square miles. It Is greater than Austria Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria and the whole Ger man empire.
 If you will draw line from Nor folk, at the mouth of Chesapeake bay, westward through southern Virginia. on west along the northern boundary of Tennessee. then north to Cairo, H.. and west again through southern Mis- souri and on across Oklahoma, you will have the northern boundary. All of the land south of that will produce more or less cotton. The staple is grown in IS different states. It Is made in great quantities in North and South Carolina, Georgia Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Ten nessee. Oklahoma and Texas.
 Of these states Texas leads. It makes about one-fourth of all the cotton grown in the union. In 1912 it pro- duced almost 5,000,000 bales and the crop sold for enough to equal s4o0 for every family in the state. Georgia. stands next to Texas as a cotton pro- ducer, and then come Alabama, Mis- sissippi and South Carolina. Okla homa has now and then a crop of more than a million bales, and the same Is true of Arkansas. The other states pro- duce less. California made about 50,000 bales in 1914.
 The cotton crop of the United States is so great that I despair of making .ro,, nr,,,,oninAo .-iro os ite rro1,,. r,la.,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09
Atlanta. Ga.

Atlanta, CTa- Y7 MHITH tod ay of King Cotton
 For months l have been travel ;
 ing over this realm, and I an
 now in one of the brightest spots of ~his place in the sun" King Cotton is the richest. the most beneficent and just now the most terrible monarch on the face of the globe. His dominions encircle the world. His annual income is twice that of all the gold, silver and diamond mines upon earth. He clothes the most of mankind. and, now that we are at war, his wrath will SOW deatA and destruction beyond computation. Guncotton and other explosives are but the breath of this king. We used more than 100, 900, 900 pounds of this product in making mu- nitions two years ago, and last year we increased that amount by 15O per cent. This is in addition to the cotton employed in making explosives in Europe where 1t has its part in every great battle.
 But first let me show you the realm of the king and how important 1t is that the greater part of 1t is ruled by our own Uncle Sam. Cotton can be grown here and there in a strip round the globe wider than the distance be- tween New York and Rio de Janeiro, but the total area where 1t can be part of that belt As compared with
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09
Helping You Helps Us

There is no claim of a1truism for offer of free service on the Goodyear Tires sell
 It's true give you the Standard Goodyear Serv- ice-apparenty getting nothing in return. But we do this primarily notfo your sake but We you to be absolutely satisfied with the tires you buy from If you satisfied know business will increase. If you satisfied business is bound to diminish.
 And your satisfaction depend entirely on the quality of the tires themselves If it did there would be need of giving you service for, as you know the quality of Goodyears is the very highest Mo- your satisfaction depends equally upon the way tires, the interest that your dealer takes in them after they your car, the inspections he gives you, the advice and
 In short your satisfaction depends much ice tires And we to be successful, sell satisfaction rather than tires.
 This then, is the Standard Goodyear Serv- ice which you get from Goodyear Service Station Dealers. To help ourselves help you. If you have not already enjoyed this painstakng service of willing hepfulness it time you to begin. { Iezzs < zGssAyA The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Rss2sssMasaaaN Akron,Oh TomunTu uhn and N WM%#ELlv Saev'4 wayev &vvnsS oy | Good,cn SerUicS Stations - s Admsn Motor qsHBsng = u Dgs1 o m,9 Car Company
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-09-09

The cotton crop of the United States Is so great that I despair of making you appreciate it's size or it's value, The
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-05-04
Sunday School Officers At
Seco3d Presbyterian Installed

: y T'TH r'i'"@ng par " fin. program
! last Sun,tnI ma nIriG ~ lh' Second Pres
/ hyi' rIHu SUudI! %'E""!. wIH Nv" IN
! slH!lIns;. IL III. '.lI,r.r~ .l.,'I"i az the
''""ri n."i'n. 81 '"H"h|r' Hnd "'li'"r$;
III" installation .~,rIr'" being conducted
. lv III" pastor. ~. Thomas ';ri"r
k'"rrl&. Il. u Following H. = list -! The
"!;I'"r* VIII" will $"rv" during thu COM
: Ing year:
, Mr.. Harry II. Kirk. SUPERINTENDENT.
. MIR. j j. Dudley. a%S""iHi' Nnl"'rlu,"n.
Lrr.
/ Mis- Annie Meyer. .Srr'iin;'ni"nt Iri-
! nHry DEPARTMENT..
Miss Martha Irwin. NII".rit:i"ndcnt
! junior department.
Miss ';,rtrlh" i;arG. Superintendent
, Iur"riu, dat. department
! Mrs. W, ". train. superintendent mis-
, >i"nnry d"rhrlrr"uI.
Mr. ~. Il Chambers. SIIu"rinr' nd"mt
O membership department
Mr.. t'ri, F"nn"r. secretary.
Mr. Henry II. Ei'::. i""nSuI,'r.
Nil. + :. Thomas. h"n"N"l'.n"" treas
Mr. VIM. S,ha":~r. !ihrnr;au.
MIR t:ur'.n" F'"rin"y. assistant llhrHr-
Mrs. Harry simpson. >up"rrrr. nd'mt
hrII" Department
: Miss Anna J"huS"m. S'rr";Hr? ANA
| Treasury h"ui,. department..
; Mrs i. ". Wi"hr. i"rni"raf'.. super
! Iu''ud'.nt.
! Airs =, H. N""S"r. superintendent
, cradle roll.
! STR. Bernard W"isp"rl,"r. pianist
Miss :N"lli" Nelson, assistant nirniSi.
+ Mr. II i. dudley. prose- mi training
: Miss Ma" iIarkins. superintendent
! church attendance league.
) Mr.. j. NJ Walters r"pr"S enta tive at
! large.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-05-04
NEGRO WILL CD
On TRIAL. TODAY
THREE lNDiCTMEN CHARGE
GILES WITH SENDING OBSCENE
LETTERS TO WOMEN.
The First Case to Be Taken Up for
Hearing at Present Term
of Federal Court

Following report Of The grand
JlIry III the ..nvrning of federal court
This morn < al IN O'Clock, Edward
Giles. negro, charged with sending
through the mails obscene letters TO
respected women guests Of hotel 1t
Mt. Chateau. in MnnOn@Hlia county.
where he was IA waiter, will be ar
rai2ncd for trial. Ii il likely that
tn" greater part OF the day will BIZ
iSprni i'll trying The case.
The grand jury has returned three
Inducements against Giles. Each let.
tier he is alleged 10 have sent con,
lStltuteS Il separate ofIrnSe. Court Of
,ficials declare that the letters are the
most revolving and obscene they ever
read. The letters will be read in
court. There are number Of wit
IneSSeS 10 appear against The accused.
Giles declares h. is innocent Of hay.
ing written the letters
Assistant DiSlricr Attorney John J.
p. ONrien will conduct The case for
the government. Giles will hn the
first case 10 be heard ~ the preesnt
term Of court. Other jury cases will
b" taken up as rapidly as possible
and the long grind of the lengthy
criminal decker will begin.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-05-04
P, \, C, MEMORIAL
AT: THE TRINITY
CHURCH SUNDAY
WEST VIRGINIA CIRCLE w IL
HONOR MEMORY OF TWEEN r
FOUR DEAD MEMBERS.
Rev. 0. C. Dean to Deliver Memorial
Sermon-Address by Deputy ,.
S. Adams-SpeciaI Music.

West Virginia Circle No. 251, Pro-
rpc.ed Home Circle. will hold mem.
orIal services Sunday evening, al
Trinity Lutheran church. Members
Of the circle will meet ar the chufch
basement al o'clock and march. up
10 the services in body. Services
will begin ii 100 O'Clock.
The Rev. Oscar c. Dean. pastor or
Trinity church, will preach the mem
orial sermon. His theme will be
"Duilding of a home State Deputy
s S. Adams will deliver An address:
pretty feature OF the service VIII
be The calling OF the roll Of deceased
members BY Secretary Walter II.
Leincr.
Spcc'rl musical numbers inter,
sprrseo throughout the program VIII
make the memorial more impressive.
These numbers will include tenor
solo by Waller II. Leiner. duet by
Misses Hazel and Naomi Seamon. SOLO
by Miss Hazel Seamon and anthems
bv quartet composed OF MISS Rulh
Morrison. Miss Hazel V. Seamon, A.
IL. Frank and Earl Seabright, with
Miss Maud Craig AS organ accom-.
PIANIST.
The committee in charge OF the
memorial service is composed or Mrs
Eliza Baker, Mrs. Marie Ortiz, Mrs
Bertha Godfrey. Mrs. Bertha Leiner,
Mrs. Bertha Zoeckler. Mrs. Eta
Siamm. Miss Stella Fossen. Miss
Anna Armbruster, w. L. Cumber'
ledge. John Z. kurtz. EDWARD = =
iOrth. VIM. r. Baker, Walter H.
lLeincr. Harry Godfrey, Paul Schu'
macher and George W. thinner.
Roll Of Deceased.
The roll of departed members Of
West Virginia Circle follows: Phillip
;I,ynn. Jeny Newman, John Shauaman,
Iohn ". Kite, Karl W. Kronjaeger'
r.Ir., Agnes Sharp: Karl Kronjaeger'
ST., Jacob Newhann. Elmer Use. Wm'
G.. Kemp, Julia futile, Dorthia NC
Crane, Josephine Whitecotton, W. E.
Haynes, Lauka X. thinner, Martha b.
! kite, Fl. c. Ulrich, Gertrude kemple'
: VIM. +. Schultz and John A. Daugh;,
irrty. The dead roll numbers "A. and
dates from June -. 1897. to Nov. l.
1876.