davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02

J The jitneys have cut down strap
;hanging; that is, they would if they
} twere given fair chance to exist.
{ They will do away with the take
rhext car" sign-if given a chance for
LITE.
They will give quick rides with no
u 1ust-cating-if The Safety Commis-
'sioner gives them a chance.
They will give smooth, rubber runs,
with no switch-box~ explosions-if the
City Commission gives them fair play.
They will make the automobile the
servant of the plain people Instead of
the toy of the rich-if thy are given
half a chance.
They will give thousands Of dollars
worth Of work to local tire merchants,
work to local auto mechanics, give the
men who operate them decent livli-
hood-if only the City Commission, and
the Safety Commissioner in particular
will give them hale a chance.
The jitney men spend their money
- IN Duluth; the street railway COM
alany sends most of its money to New
York and Boston.
What are you going to do about it.
Mr. Silberstein? Will you persist in
your attempts to crush the jitneys or
will you play fair and give them
what they are entitled to?
The workingmen the voters-of
Duluth would like to know!
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
VOTES To UPHOLD
ALL LABOR LAWS

MADISON, Wis, May 31.-While
the Assembly, Wisconsin's lower
legislative body, has been engaged
in setting aside many of the most
important labor laws now on the
statute books by refusing to grant
the industrial commission sufficient
appropriations, the state senate
passed a resolution, introduced by
Senator Wilcox, declaring it the
sense of the legislature 'that all
laws, safeguarding the rights of
laborers must not be set aside, even
temporarily because of war"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
TRAVELLING SAME ROAD

NEW YORK, May 31.-1n their op-
. position to the seamen's law, ship
iowners along the Atlantic coast find
( a union OF so-called "revolutionists''
htheir most powerful ally. Spanish,
ttItalian and Greek sailors are drawn
together by the "revolutionists," who
tell them that the language test of the
seamen's act will be repealed. I'm
der this law ship owners must employ
sailors who can understand orders OF
their officers, but this Americanizing
legislation is opposed both by the ship
owners and the "revolutionists"-
- for profit and the other for per capita
and power.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
BIG STRIKE AMONG
UN0RCAV|zED MEN
'Pluck-me' Stores and Low Wages
Bring Discharge-Then
!. r.. Strike.

KNOXVILLE, Tenn, May 81
Several employees of the unorganizc1
Babcock Lumber company, near here,
were discharged because they circu-
lated petition asking for wage in
creases. A strike resulted. The COM
pany not only pays the lowest wages
in this vicinity, but operates a COM
pany store that takes care of any
loose change its employees may hap
pen to have.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
AGREE ON COMPENSATION
LAW.

RICHMOND. Va, May s1.-The
commission appointed to prepare a
workmen's compensation act, for dis
position by the next general assembly,
has agreed on a tentative plan. Com
pensation is based on so per cent of
weekly earnings and the maximum
death benefit shall be $4,000. Weekly
injury benefits shall not be more than
$40 nor less than IS.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
LABOR

Labor II nature itself; 1t is en-
denvor, physical or mental; its ef-
fort creates and builds. 1t is
something owned by the millions.
not the few-the Nation labors.
Labor Is true achievement, the act
of creating and it knows NO
classes. They who labor are
largely Represented by those who
move the machinery Of the factor
les. who build your home, your
churches and schools, and toll lib
orally with brawn as we'll as
brain.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
MINE WORKERS To
BUY LIBERTY BONDS
Also Suspend Dues of Any Mem.
Der Who Joins Army or
Navy.

INDIANAPOLIS, May 31.-The
United Min Workers of America have
announced that the organization would
purchase $4,000 of liberty loan bonds
and suspend the dues of any member
who joins the army or navy.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02

ST. LOUIS, May 31.-Jewish bakers
have signed an agreement with en-
ployers which reduces the workday
from 10 to 81 hours.
ROCHESTER, N. Y; May 81
Bakers Union No. II has established
new wage scale which guarantees
foremen $25 week; dough mixers.
oven and second men, $22; bench
men, $22; bench men, $19; helpers,
S15
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
GOVERNMENT WILL
BUILD BIG BRIDGE

WASHINGTON, May 81. The
war department has rejected all bids
for the construction of alb ridge over
the Potomac river and has directed
that the work be done by the GOV
ernment on the day labor plan. The
lowest bid was 100000 over the
estimate of army engineers, who
stated that even with the present
high cost of material the day labor
plan would be "the most economical
and advantageous to the govern
ment.'
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
BAKERS WIN IN.
FOURB|C:C|T'||ES
Wage Increases and Hours Re-
duced in San Deigo and
Other Places.

SAN DIEGO, CAL, May Shakers
Union No. 80 has signed a new wage
contract with employers. One-man
shops increase rates from $22 to $24
a week. Extra men are increased
from $3.50 to $4~a day.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02

CONNELLSVILLE, Pa, May 81
The Baltimore & Ohio railroad is ad-
vertising in local newspapers for girl
oilers. The girls will have 10 oil the
journal boxes of freight cars as the
trains enter the yards.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02

DETROIT, May 31.-Bakers' Union
No. 20 has added four shops to the
union roll, raised wages 81 a week
and increased overtime rates from 46
to IS cents an hour.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
CAPITAL

Capital is the result of labor
for without labor there could be
no capital. Capital is the in
vested interest; the executive
deavOr that must have we'll
Drained conception and execu
tfOn; the genius of a master spirit;
the we'll executed direction of a
pilot and the commanding hand
OF navigator; such In Capital,
and Labor should be its closest
ally.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
NO EIGHT HOURS FOR WOMEN.

HARTFORD, Conn, May 31.-The
state senate has rejected a proposal
to limit the hours Of working wom-
en- and minors to eight hours a day.
War conditions was the excuse.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1917-06-02
OUR REPl1'

The Republic that laL a
defend and sacrifice for is ~
that belongs to the people
offers the opportunities thu
free and intelligent populs
/ SAMUEL GON
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
November Output
Considered Satisfactory

Considering the many difficulties OF
operation which blast furnaces have
encountered during the past month, the
rate Of pig iron production for No
vember was surprisingly good. The
output for the month, estimated al
3.205,794 gross tons, was only 1924
tons less than October, with its thirty
one days. The daily date of production
in November was 106,s59 gross tons, or
slightly more than the daily rate in
October. There were ten less furnaces
in operation on December l than on
November /. Total production for the
eleven months Of 1917, however, is
608,642 gross tons less than for the cor
responding period in 1916 with much
larger demand this year. The decreased
production for the year thus far, with
the increased demand, is creating the
shortage of iron now apparent IN all
markets. OF the 39.I34,797 tons of iron
produced last year 2s,lSl $50 was for
the own use Of makers. This fall many
of these steelmakers have not produced
enough iron for their own large re-
mirements; hence they have come into
the market for additional supplies. The
furnaces which produce iron TO sell are
the ones which have suffered the great
est loss in production. With scarcely
enough iron 20 provide for their regu-
lar trade. they have been swamped with
this extra business, a great deal OF
which still remains unsatisfed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
Texas Bankers Lend
Heavily on Cotton
State Authorities Encourage
Growers to Hold Crop
Of the Market

The movement to hold cotton for q
minimum price of 30 cents started by
the Agricultural Department Of the
State of Texas and joined in and coop
Grated with by the Warehouse and Mar
keting Department, the Farmers Union
and Retail Merchants Association OF
Texas and other States has been efec-
tive in advancing and maintaining
prices, writes the Austin, Tex cor
RESPONDENT of the Manufacturers Rec
ord"
While the local exchanges do not
quote the price of spot cotton as nlgn
as 80 cents, the price is high. enough
in European markets TO JUSTIFY 81 10
80 cents for spot cotton at the interior
points in the South. The excuse gwen
for not naming or giving its real value
is that freight space in ships IS not
equal to the demands.
In practically ever, town. large ara
small, from McLennan County north
and east, where the field force OF the
State Department Of Agriculture has
spent most of its time, it finds farmers,
merchants and cotton buyers holding
cotton to almost the capacity OF the
banks to accommodate them. In nearly
every town farmers, including tenants,
have turned cotton buyer and have put
I'd their own crops to the banks as
margin, and where farmer is deter
mined to sell they buy and hold It.
Many began buying early and have
followed the market up. Many tenants
have enough profits in their purchase
10 pay for farm or make good pay
ment on one.
This development in the method Of
keeping cotton Off he market seem 10
be an outgrowth of ingenuity so often
born of necessity and peculiar to
farmers. They certainly have to devise
more seemingly impossible ways to get
than any other class. The farmers
seem to know the scarcity OF cotton
and the price spinners can afford to
pay for il and are not uneasy about
their holdings. feeling sure some one
will get 80 or 40 cents for cotton before
another crop is made.
The success that mas been met with in
growing long staple Egyptian cotton in
the Red River Valley of Texas and in
the irrigated districts of Arizona will
cause a great increase of the acreage
OF tndt type VI tONIoi lNNb 'N"'Ni'
SAYS the Manufacturers Record" IL
is claimed that there are large areas
of irrigable land in Texas. New Mexico
and Arizona that are specially suited
for the long staple variety Of cotton,
Recently as high as so cents :. pound
was paid for the long staple Egyptian
cotton at Tempe, Ariz. Much Of the
cotton Of the Salt River Valley region
of that state has length of nearly
two inches, which makes it specially
valuable for certain purposes.
In the Pima Valley of Arizona there
were about 5000 acres devoted to the
long staple crop this year. Some OF
the growers have harvested an average
of one bale of 500 pounds each per
acre. At so cents per pound, this
means a revenue of s400 per acre, ex-
elusive of the seed, which is selling
for an unusually high price.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
Expect Cut in
Price of Pig Iron

There has been an expectation in
pig iron circles that the government
might reduce the price on January
to $50 a ton at furnace. This was the
price which tho War Industries Board
at first suggested, while the producers
held out tor about s35. The s33 price
was finally adopted as a compromise.
IL is in the steel trade circles that at
least one member Of the War Indus
tries Board also contended for lower
Lrices on finished steel and gave way
reluctantly to the decision Of other
members, but his influence was largely
responsible for making the price ar
rangcment a temporary one.
Steel manufacturers and pig iron
makers will undoubtedly point to con-
ditions in the coal trade as an argu-
ment for leaving well enough alone and
permitting the trade to operate on a
margin of profit which to the larger
producers at least is sufficient to stimu-
late maximum production.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
Goodyear Company
Earns S61.86 a Share

Total sales of Goodyear Tire and
Rubber Company for the fiscal year
ended October 81 amounted to s11l,-
450,6i4, an increase OF s47.50O,2i5 over
the previous year Net earnings were
f14,of4216, n gain Of s7.0iO.S7s.
Aftcr dividend payments on the pre-
ferrcd stock The balance Of Sl2r4t1G6
wa equivalent % sGtS6 share on tho
S.0,27S.62O common stock outstanding.
compared with S35.Gj a share earned
on Sl7,j0o,9op common stock in the
fiscal year ended October 81. 1916.
The company's balance sheet showed
notes receivable OF s1,033,640, accounts
receivable IF S16,3S4,332 and cash on
hand of s3,7S3,354. On the liabilities
side were Sl5,4l0,SO0 notes payable
and $5,7l5,729 OF accounts payable.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
Ecuador Seeks to
Regulate Exchange

The Republic of Ecuador through a
law just enacted seeks TO regulate the
hank rate of exchange as regards drafts
70 and from foreign countries, accord
ing TO Frederick w. Cooling, the Amer
lean Consul General at Guayaqul.
Provision is made for an advisory
board TO the President, presided over
by the Governor of Guayas and COM
posed of Delegates from the chambers
Of commerce Of Guayaquil and Quito,
the Agricultural Association. each Of
the banks of issue, and the national
bank inspector. The recommendations
made BY this board may or may not be
acted upon by the President, who alone
IL empowered TO establish the legal
rate OF exchange, and any person SELL
ing at q higher rate is liable to prose
cution, with a penalty of ten times the
excess charged.
Export duties, including all sur.
charges. may be paid b. checks OF
sight drafts on foreign markets where
the goods are exported, taking as
basis the value Of the pound Sterling
in the New York market Inc drafts
mentioned must be sold by the Gus
toms collectors at the prices paid for
them.
The purchase Of foreign drafts IN
Ecuador is at present very waterway
restricted owing 20 the scarcity OF
funds in other countries
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
The Dollar in Foreign Exchange

Completion of arrangements that
are being made by the financial au-
thcrities at Washington with a view
10 stabilizing certain of the neutral
exchanges which have moved sharply
against this country in recent months
is awaited with much interest in To-
cal foreign exchange circles. The first
step in the programme has been the
acquisition by the government of a
substantial supply of rupee exchange
on India. American merchants need
ing Indian exchange are expected in
the future to obtain the rupee bills
through the Federal Reserve Board
at Washington.
Negotiations under way with regard
TO some Of the South American eX-
changes, principally Argentina, are ex-
pected soon to accomplish definite le-
suits. 1t is understood that substah
tial credits are to be arranged in Ar
gutina against which peso drafts can
be drawn and sold in this market, thus
satisfying the needs Of American I'M
porters.
The general movement Of exchange
rates was narrow last week. Owing to
the lack Of mail facilities a slightly
easier tone was displayed by sterling
checks, which declined = to s4.75ls.
Italian lire after rising TO 798 de-
cined TO S.25 on the less favorable
war news from Northern Italy. Tx
change on Spain was strong last week,
pesetas selling M TO 24h cents. the
highest price in months. Russian rubles
were steady most Of the week around
10 cents.
If you calculate the cost of the dollar
in terms Of foreign money at par value
that is, as if you were buying dollars
with pounds, marks or francs-its
value at the close of last week, as COM
pared with a year ago, would be about
as follows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
w alth MI lark IS and G

no hardship on foreign consumer, I"
the embargo will probably be lifted as
soon as there are sufficient ships 10
tran port material now ~ scaboard,
while il may make slightly easier the
position Of domestic consumers 10
whom material now ready Tor export
will be released.
Business in semi-fnished and fin
ished steel is now very largely for
government account, direct OF indi-
rect. Steel mills estimate that pres
ent shipments are from so TO 90 per
cent for war purposes. This is likely
10 continue for several months at
least. requiring all companies not en-
gagged on war work 10 get along on
their minimum requirements. Trans
formation OF many so-called non-es-
scn,ial industries to a war basis IS
row going on. Practically all auto
mobile makers nave been given an op-
rortunity to bid on war material Of
various kinds. and other industries
will be included in the war programme
az their facilities permit.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09

-. opposition Of Mr.. Rea, Of the
,..nsvlyania, and other railroad
80 =. n government loans to the car
e. e.. except as a last resort, I'M
IN ',,S,edlv is based on the fear that
~ loans would lead eventually to
- ,..-rnent ownership. But an
s.,reDcv exists and it must be
s S'",t with promptly; and it is OBJ
-. that the railroads cannot get
I.rc without financial assistance
s s, the government If they were
,rspted liberal increases in rates,
nd were permitted to appeal to the
'-s.s.nent markets for funds, II Is
=, improbable that they could OBJ
-, enough money at a price to
,so. their current needs. There
ems 10 be no good reason why they
.sould not be allowed TO obtain
,rnds through public offerings Of
.,cBrjties. in as much as the govern
rtrt would have to get the money
!, the same way if it should under
..ke 10 finance the railroads. But
!, ;s one thing to have access to the
;rvestment market and quite an
,,ber 10 induce investors TO buy
rsnroad securities in unlimited
amounts. Under present conditions,
vhieh are likely 10 continue indef-
nitely. the railroads can hardly hope
"a obtain from investors sufficient
money to enable them to cope with
heir major financial problem, which
{, the refunding Of more than a bill
nn dollars of securities maturing
within the next twelve months. One
.hernative-and the only one-ro
government loans would be the dec
aration Of a war moratorium on
maturing issues. That has been
suggested as a possible solution Of
the problem, but there are grave OBJ
iections. and the chances for adopt
hg such an expedient are remote. A
moratorium would be equivalent to
rsrtial reputation, and would be
iustifable only if the situation
should become so acute that railroad
security holders were themselves
threatened with serious loss. Gov
eminent loans therefore seem to af-
ford the only practical solution Of
the problem.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
Regular Dividends

REQ Motor Car Regular quarterly diyi-
dsnd of pa per cent on the common 5tocS,
payable January to stockholders OF record
December 10.
Kolb Bakery.-Reguar quarterly dividend
Of ~, per cent on the preferred stock. pay
able January l TO stockholders Of record De-
cember Is.
sloss-Shenield Steel & Iron.-Regular quar-
terly dividend OF "a. per cent on its preferred
stock. payable January TO stockholders oil
record December 10.
Lehigh & Wilkes-Barre Coal.-Regular
senni-annual dividend OF s3.25 share, pay
able December % to stockholders OF record
December %.
Fonda. Johasto1n < Gloyersville. Rsgu-
lar quarterly dividend Of = per cent on the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09
Western Railroads
Ask Postponement
Of Rate Increase

WASHINGTON, Dec. s.-Hearings on
Western railroad applications for 10
per cent increase in freight rates, set
for December II, was indefinitely post
poned to-day by the Interstate Com
MERGE Commission at the request Of
the railroads.
The reasons assigned by the railroads
for the postponement were the com
MISSIONS recommendation for unlhca-
ton of the railroads and the uncer-
tainty of the governments future ac-
ton. The pending demands Of en-
ployes for wage increases, and the fact
that earnings for the entire year OF
1917 will soon be available also were
mentioned as reasons for delaying the
hearing.
The commission issued its order DE-
ferring the hearing after receiving THIS
letter to-day from +. S. Kelley, of
Chicago. chairman Of the Western
railroads special executive committee.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09

What applies 10 a moratorium on
railroad maturities applies with equal
force TO the suspension Of payment
Of other obligations. Experience in
Trance and in other countries has
shown that advantage always IS
taken Of moratoria 10 escape, or
rather defer indefinitely, the pay
ment Of debts which could and should
lie met promptly. Yet agitation for
such a declaration is beginning to
appear in unexpected places. The
Alexander Hamilton Institute, for
instance, presents in its monthly re-
view a favorine argument. It says;
Although the surplus at the Fed
eral Reserve banks Insures comfort
able terms for mercantile discounts,
We are now in a situation where, as
In 1907. undesirable financial prac-
tees viii naturally appear, such as
charging excessive money rates IN
the form Of unlawful commissions
and refusing 20 renew realty mort
cages In order 10 take advantage OF
the higher interest rates and many
attractive bargains IN properly when
can be obtained at the present time;
u is admittedly legal 10 demand
payment when a mortgage natures,
but We are in a situation where tne
ordinary rules of commercial life are
not generally acceptable. To pre-
vent economic distress and enable
the rank and file Of citizens 10 plan
10 buy Liberty bonds and pay war
taxes with regularity, either laws
regulating the calling of loans
should be passed by the Fedora and
state governments, or government
fund should be established 10 take
care Of the unfortuna.es who are
called upon TO pay mortgages during
the wat lSt De- easily possible that
men may be undergoing physical
hardship in the trenches while their
dependents az home suffer at the
hands Of mortgage holders who seek
70 profit from the eXigencles OF the
situation
A moratorium to protect the in
terests Of those who are in military
service would meet with little oppo-
sition, but the business situation in
this country is intrinsically sound
and such drastic measures are un-
necessary, at least for the present.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-12-09

In a discussion Of the financial
situation from the viewpoint Of the
Investor William p. Bonbright, in
vestment banker, says the turn
over" or "cycle" is not yet in com
plete motion and that in the mean
time there will be a period Of un-
certainty and INDIGESTION comparable
With that which existed when the
Stock Exchange was closed in the
fall Of 1914, and which was fol
lowed by confidence and activity.
In times like these, when condi-
tons are without precedent says
Dir. Bonbright, mo one may pre-
tend 10 speak with authority about
the future. Consideration Of basic
facts rather than of confusing de-
tails may, however, lead TO broad
conclusions as TO the probable trend
OF financial affairs. The primary
TACT is that this country, taken as a
whole, is prosperous. We have
changed from a debtor TO a creditor
nation. Not only have we absorbed
billions Of American securities for
merly held abroad, but Europe has
ALSO paid US upward Of billion dol
Ars In gold and, still further, has
borrowed and will continue 10 bor-
row enormous sums from AS
Our supply Of gold is greater
taan ever before and greater than