davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
Lest America Alone Should Have to Settle with German

tell you it is within the posi-
bilities that we may be raising not a
Liberty Loan to pay for a war we
hope SUCCESSFULLY to wage, but a loan
to pay the cost of a war Germany
has been waging on civilization.
This is no wild picture. I certainly
10 rot believe it is within the fut-
ure of events, but there is a posi-
bility enough in it to cause us to
wake up as a nation, to make us
recognize that we are in a great and
uncertain war, and that We must
support the military movement
which this government has got to
make.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
Daniels Places
Orders for "a
Mine Sweepers
Ten Companies Picked to
Build Vessels at Capital
Conference
lFrom The Tribune BureAul

Washington, May 21.-Secretary of
the Navy Daniels announced to-day
that ten shpbuilding companies repre-
sented at conferences here had been
ordered to construct at once twenty
four vessels to be used as mine sweep
ers and seagoing tugs. Deliveries are
to begin in six months. The companies
with which the contracts will be placed
are: Standard Ship Building Company,
New York; Staten Island Ship Building
Company. New York; Harlan & Holl-
ingsworth Corporation, Wilmington,
Del; Sun Ship Building Company,
Chester. Penn; Bethlehem Steel Com
pany, Maryland plant; Chester Ship
Building Company. Chester, Penn;
Baltimore Dry Docks and Ship Build
ing Company, Baltimore; Pennsylvania
Ship Building Company, Gloucester. n.
j.; Todd Ship Building Corporation.
New York, and Pusey & Jones, Will
mington, Del.
The sweepers will have 1000 tons
displacement each, and will be con-
structed on basis OF cost. plus 10 per
cent. None of the companies concerned
is building any other ships for the gov
ernment. so there will be no delay of
other vessels.
In addition TO the ten companies, the
American Shipping Bureau of New
York, an advisory body, was repre-
sented at the conference.
There was a general discussion Of the
labor and material markets. and Of the
assistance the Navy Department will
give the shipbuilders. Most Of the
builders complained of difficulty in OBJ
tanning labor and certain kinds of ma
terial Secretary Daniels assured them
the department would see that they
obtained promptly such materials as
sheets and plates, and AT the rates the
steel companies agreed TO charge the
government.
The Navy Department has one Of
these combined mine sweepers and
ocean-poing tugboats under construc-
,;on on the Great Lakes. the cost OF
which is $3.50. 900. All the vessels are
NECESSARY for the proper guarding Of
the entrances TO American harbors and
in keeping transatlantic shipping lanes
clear.
The Navy Department also an
nounced to-day award OF contracts for
the construction of submarines and
destroyers, as follows:
Submarines - Twenty-four to the
Electric Boat Company. Of New Lon
don. Conn; four to the Lake Torpedo
Boat Company. Bridgeport, Conn, and
ten to the navy yard at Portsmouth.
y. II.
Destroyers-Four 20 be built by the
Newport News Ship Building Company.
The tugs will be completed in six
months. the destroyers in from year
TO fifteen months. and the submarines
in the shortest possible time.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
From Liberty Loan speech By Frank n. VanderH

forces of the Central Powers on the
Eastern border might be withdrawn !;
suppose their forces were augment
cd by a million and half returned
prisoners; suppose Russia's food
stores were opened for Germany, and
all that happening very promptly,
which is a conceivable thing. In
that event could the armies of Eng
land and France on the Western
border withstand the onslaught? Is
it not conceivable that if some solu-
ton is not found for the submarine
menace England may be brought to
the point of starvation! No matter
what her wealth may be, starving
men could not fight.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
Food Control Bill
Halted by Senate's
Fear of Dictator"
Great u. S. Force
Expected by Allies
Within s Months
Army of 100000 Men Said To
Be Needed for De-
cisive Results
from The Tribune Bureaul

Washington, MAY 2l.--The Pershins
expedition will be followed very soon
by another small force, which will bring
the total force under General Perish
ings command on the battle line to al
most two divisions. From that time on
it was declared authoritatively to-day
there will be continual additions to the
forces abroad, not only to fill gaps
caused b. casualties, but to increase
the front which the American force car
hold, and so relieve the French.
Frederick H. Prince. jr., who recently
returned from active service in the
French Aviation Corps, is making ar
rangements to accompany General
Pershing's expedition to France. Mr.
Prince. it is understood, will have
charge of the aviation corps with Gen
eral Pershing's forces. II is expected
the Pershing expedition will sail within
a few weeks.
Allied military experts have calcu-
lated, it is said that the minimum num-
ber of American troops needed for the
assistance of the French army in France
to render such assistance decisive il
100000 men.
These experts believe an American
army of this size will be sent to France
within eight months. A considerable
proportion of the expeditionary force
il is expected, will be composed of the
National Guard.
1t is pointed out that the smaller
numbers could render effective assist
ance. but no decisive results could be
obtained with less than half n million.
France wants 100000 Americans, and
while there is a likelihood that such a
force would be sent should. the war run
| into the fall of 1918, it is not consid-
cred probable that more than 50O,0O0
will be dispatched to Europe within a
year.
Most of the troops for France will
! be composed of infantry. The cavalry
contingent will be very small, as IT Is
not as badly needed as infantry. The
artillery will be in the same general
proportions to the infantry as British
snd French artillery to their. infantry,
Possibility that the 100000 men tc
| be mustered into service by selective
draft will not be in camp before Octo.
Der 1 has oomed up as the result of
delay in the construction of canton
ments.
The delay in the selection of camp
sites Immediately is due 10 the ne
cessity of department commanders
having to create boards in many in
stances to visit and report on pros
pective sites. It is considered likely.
however, that all thirty-two sites will
have been selected by the end of this
week
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
U-Boats Failing
Because Crews Are
Green, Say Experts
Washington Observers Think
New Boats Replace Tried
Raiders
From The Tribune Bureaul

Washington, May 21.-The principal
German submarine bases are at Kiel,
Voss. Tecklenburg and Urania dock
Yards and the U-boats return to these
bases after being at sea one month,
experts here say. The boats remain IN
about a month, usually for overhauling.
II was thought to-day that the re-
cent attack by British destroyers on
the German base at Zeebrugge was an
experiment, carried out for the pur-
pose of testing the feasibility OF de-
scents on Germany's naval strongholds.
II was also asserted that the reduction
in the number Of merchant vessels at
tackled recently by German submarines
was probably not due to any improve
ment in methods of combating u
boats. but to the fact that large num-
Der OF them had returned 10 their
bases and were docked for repairs.
This respite is not expected to last
long, however, as IL is believed Ger
many has more than 600 submarines,
and that the crews OF those sent out
TO take up the work Of U-boats return
ing home are not as experienced as
those they replace.
From statements made by deserters
from the German navy, and from in
formation obtained in other ways. IL is
known that German dockyards are al
most exclusively constructing subma-
rines and large cruisers, in which Ger
many's losses have been greatest. The
yards are working twenty-four hours a
day, and the estimate of the number OF
submarines turned out is from three to
five a week. Thus. at the minimum hg-
ure, Germany would have constructed
not less than seventy new submarines
since February l, when unrestricted
submarine warfare began.
The rate OF construction, with a
minimum of three week. Is thought
by naval critics here TO keep pace. at
least, with Germany's loss OF C-boats
from all causes. If is considered GER
tain that the improvement in the new
submarines will partly Offset any
devices for increasing the efficiency Of
the means for combating them. The
latest submarines are said to be about
200 feet long, carry six-inch guns and
submerge in one minute.
With the exception Of officers, the
crews Of submarines receive from four
10 six weeks training at the naval sub
marine school at Kiel.
Germany is understood to be sending
out submarines in squadrons of about
nine boats each, and in this manner is
said TO be keeping approximately cor
rect records of submarine losses and
their causes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
Paci6sts Ousted
From Quarters in
Holland House
Conference, Undaunted,
Will Go Right On with
Plans to "Wallop" War

The pacifsts we're evicted from the
Holland House yesterday. They were
told by J. c. Rivers, the manager, that
he would admire them more if they
were somewhere else
The organization evicted is known as
"The First American Conference for
Democracy and Terms Of Peace" D."
Under the direction of the Emergency
Peace Federation il has been arranging
for a pacifist conference to be held at
the Holland House on May 30 and Tor
a mass meeting at the Madison Square
Garden on the night Of May 81.
Announcement that the conference
would move" its headquarters was
made last night at meeting of the
Woman's Peace Party at West Sixty
fourth Street. Miss Elizabeth Free
man. of the Emergency Peace Fedora
tion. arose in the midst of a discussion
by 200 women paciiists and announced
that she had just received word from
the front" that Louis Lochner. head
of the Holland House conference. had
been told by the manager to vacate.
"The manager gave as an excuse that
a letter had come 10 the conference
from a man named Max Goldberg. who
lives on Second Avenue said, Miss
Freeman. breathlessly. "The manager
said he could not permit letters from
Second Avenue to come to the Holland
House. He said the pacifists therefore
would have TO get out. Mr.. Lochner
and his assistants packed up all their
belongings in hurry and got out"
Mr.. Rivers said last night that he
ordered the pacifsts out because he
did not want them there" 81 thought
they would be more admirable some
where else" he said.
Mr.. LochRer, who, as secretary OF
the Ford Peace Expedition to Europe,
had experience in rapidly changing his
base for pacifist activity, annoNnced
that he had opened quarters at 2s9
Fifth Avenue
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22

Two American Red Cross nurses
were killed Sunday afternoon by a
practice shot from a siX-inch naval gun
on the stern of the American steam
ship Mongolia. They were on their way
to active service in France. A third
nurse was seriously injured.
1t was the same gun, christened
Teddy Roosevelt" by its crew, which
on April 19 sank German U-boat off
the coast Of Ireland-America's first
blow in the war.
Official announcement of the acci-
dent was made by Secretary Daniels at
Washington last night. He explained
that such an accident had never oc-
Cured before and that ordnance ex-
perts were puzzled.
Mrs. Edith Ayres, of Chicago, and
Miss Helen Burnett Wood, Of Evanston,
H., met death by the shot The
wounded nurse is Miss Emma Matzen,
of Columbus, Neb.
base hospital unit No. II. recruited at
Northwestern University, Evanston.
The unit. consisting of almost so ply
sicians, nurses, ambulance drivers and
stretcher bearers, sailed from New
York Saturday, under command of
Major c. c. Collins. He declared yes
terday on the return Of the steamship,
with its flag at half-mast. to this port,
that the accident was due to defect in
the brass plate clamped at the projec-
tile end of the shellcase to hold the
powder in place.
Brass Plate Bursts
"When the ammunition is perfect
this plate follows in the wake of the
projectile until its momentum is lost
and il drops harmlessly into the water"
Mr.. Collins said. when yesterdays
fatal shot was fired the plate burst al
most Immediately after it left the muz-
zle Of the gun. Some of the pieces
were seen 10 splash into the water near
the steamer. Others were thrown into
the air and fell with tremendous force
200 feet away among the group Of
nurses and officers gathered on the
deck at what was thought TO be safe
distance TO watch the practice"
Secretary Daniels's statement said:
1.-The guns were of the 6-inch calibre,
for which the shell and powder are
loaded separately into the gun. The
powder charge is contained in a brass
case and there held in place by a paste
board wad, distance pieces and brass
mouth cup that fits closely. thus making
q moisture tight joint in order that the
powder may always give the velocity
and pressure intended. When the gun
is fired this brass cup is propelled some
distance, sometimes whole and some
times in pieces, but always in front OF
the gun.
Several nurses who were watching
the firing were sitting on the prom
enade deck some IFS feet abaft and ten
feet above the gun. On the third shot
the brass mouth cup struck the water
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22

r FEEL that people are not alto
gether awake to the seriousness
of this war; not altogether COM
pretending that we are In war, that
we are in a very serious war-war
that might even come to our own
shores. 1t is easy to think that Ger
many is 5000 miles away, surround
ed by the greatest armies that were
ever assembled; that the war is
likely to be over before we can get
aDy men into it; that we are like a
manufacturer or merchant who is
getting his customers to keep on
buying at rather exorbitant prices,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
Berliners' Potato
Allowance Reduced;
Grass Eating Advised

Copenhagen. May 2I.--Berlin is now
feeling .he potato shortage. Residents
have been warned that it may be i'm
possible to supply FIVE pounds to every
body this week. but that those who are
unable TO obtain the full ration Will
receive cakes. The supply Of pork is
short, and II will be sold only on
Thursdays. Another announcement
says a reduction in the present meat
ration after August Is is being cons'd-
cred.
Professor weldner, An agricultural
exoert at Psssau. Bavaria. advises the
peopie 10 follow the example OF Ne
buchadnezzsr and eat grass. He In,
forms them that the red clover ana
Lucerne alfalfa both may be used for
the making Of dishes for human con-
sumption. -------~---
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
Two Red Cross Nurses Killed
By Test Shot on Mongolia
Defective Shell Plate Bursts in Firing of Gun
That Sank U-Boat; Third Nurse Is Injured; Ship Re-
turns to New York; Daniels Puzzled by Accident

peculiarly. boomeranged directly back
70 the ship, struck the stanchion, near
where the nurses were sitting, and
broke. Its pieces instantly killed Mrs
Ayres and Miss Wood.
Accident Puzzles Expert
"This method Of sealing the cartridge
case has been used in the navy for
many years, certainly for fifteen years
or more, and that such an accident as
this sad one could occur had not even
been considered by ordnance experts.
"An investigation has been ordered
and its findings will enable the depart
ment 10 fully ascertain the cause and
provide the remedies 20 prevent pos
sible recurrence of the accident"
The Mongolia was about two hundred
miles east of Sandy Hook, when the
naval officers on board decided 10 give
the three guns. two mounted forward
and one aft, thorough tryout. Almost
all of the three hundred passengers
fiocked to the upper deck TO see the
sight.
Barrels Served as U-Boat
Four barrels lashed together served
as a make-believe submarine. At bow
and stern the decks were roped of to
prevent the passengers from coming
within $50 feet of the guns.
Mrs. Ayres, Miss Woods and Miss
Matzen were in little group on the
mort side. about 200 feet from the
stern gun. When the target was about
three-auarters of a mile TO port, with
the ship broadside TO 1t. the port for
ward gun spoke. The shot was close,
but the submarine" bobbed on its way.
The crew Of the stern gun already had
swung il around and the order TO fire
il was given at about $3.50 o'clock. As
the roar of the shot died away Mrs.
Ayres screamed. staggered a moment
and fell TO the deck. AZ her side Miss
Woods sank back motionless into a
steamer chair, from which she had
risen TO watch the shot. Miss MatZen.
her throat and tainted.
Two Nurses Killed Outright
For moment the others in the
group did not realize that they were
witnesses of the grimness OF war. but
in another instant they awoke from
,heir daze. and the army surgeons
resorted to first aid treatment. Mrs.
Ayres and Miss Woods were found TO
be past help. The former had been
killed by a Jagged piece OF the brass
plate. which had penetrated TO her
brain. Miss Woods had been struck
above her heart. Miss Matzen. who re-
ceiyed several severe cuts about her
head and throat, was rushed to the
ships hospital.
Major Frederick Besley, professor
of surgery in Northwestern University.
was standing beside the nurses who
were struck. lie attributed his escape
TO the fact that he was leaning for
ward, peering under the end Of life
boat at the moment the gun was fred.
The ship was turned back to New
York at once. Miss Mstzen was placed
aboard a navy tug at Quarantine and
taken TO the New York Navy Yard
Hospital. where it is said she will re-
cover.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22

ATLANTIC CITY over MEMORIAL DAY
u.y % rrkes sii % 10 $500, Including hotel
consult Assnu of paons "MsdisSo ssssss 1900"
-Adyt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22

Austrinns attempt counter pf-
fepsipe in Trsntino, and other
,cor news, on Page /.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
wEAT H f R

~, to-day and probably to-mor
H Cooler tomorrow. Mod
crate south winds, incrcas-
ine tomorrow night.
Fnn Report on rsse
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-22
Biscuits as Well o. Bullets"

"The Secretary Of Agriculture does
not believe that the manufacture Of
this nitrogenous matter will pay said
Senator Ellison Smith. Of South Caro-
lima. "Hc even advanced the ridicu-
lous argument that the supply which
be acquired becauae government ves.
sels cannot invade Chilean neutysiitp
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-18
PRIMITIVE 4 MS USED WITH NEW
 ON ISONZll LINE
Italians and Austrians Make Use of Ancient Methods
 of Warfare.
Correspondence Associated Press)

Correspondence Associated PreSS) Comen, Austria, Feb 24.-In the Austro-Italian theatre of war may be met the crudest and most primitive along with the most advanced of mili- tary equipment. Arms of the stone age crowd here the most up-to-date ,instruments-the electrically controll- ed, indirect fire forty-two centimeter howizter stands beside the rock throw ing catapult. From the ancient siege tower to the modern turret gun is af- ten but a single step figuratively. Here may be found infantry train led in throwing stones, or liberatinS avalanches of rock by moving a single lever. Several boards fall out of their place and down the mountain side ric
 cochet tons of boulders to kill and main the attacking forces. The knife and mace are preferred to the bayonet in many places, because ad- vance upon the enemy's position by stealth, over boulde fields, does not favor carrying rifle. The medieval petard, now known as hand grenade, is favorite, On the lsonza the ltal- ians use flying mine, an aerial tor pedo of fifty-two centimeters calibre, return to the days of the thirty years war, when artillery did just that and no more.
 Though the rock catapult be hand led by modern artillery men, officer ed by individuals well versed in artil- lery mathematics, who can place a shell ten miles off in the very spot wheer they want it, one finds that the machine used differs nowise from the one employed by the Romans in the siege of Jerusalem. It's main princi- pie is beam thrown forward by steel springs.
 The chemical fire which the Greeks
 used to destroy the Persian fleet one of the other ancient means found along the Italian front, though it is by no means limited to this theatre of war. The cousin of this noXious arm, the gas bomb, and the gas distributor generally, is well-known along the ls
 onzo. Both sides have placed gas in their service, and both have been ob- liged to adopt the gas mask. The Italian front has other strik- I ing contrasts. In Southern Tyrol and on the Krn, men fight either in or on | the edge of eternal snow, while at Monfalcone the temperature hardly
 ever reaches the freezing point While, on the Krn, faces may be blue from
 the cold, the men on the shores of the
 Adriatic may stifler in a damp heat.
 Not long ago the Italians tried steel
 armor for their infantry. But this
 relapse to the day of the Crusader had
 to be abandoned. The Austro oHun-
 garians now wear helmet whose pro- totype was worn by the Roundheads
 under Cromwell. s,T The. Italians have a
 steel headpiece that reminds of the
 gay Gascon. Some Austrian troops have taken to the club, others to the
 mace.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-18
COLLEGE GIRLS IN DEBATE.

Boston. Mass, March IT. - The training of girls for forensic combat is no longer Gas foolish as it looks, " since nowadays every girl may aspire to sit among the nations lawmakers, or as a member of state legislature or city council, engage in debate on the great problems of the day. With a possible view to qualifying them selves to follow in the footsteps of Jeannette Rankin, the new congress woman," students of three of the leading colleges for young women Nassar, Wellesley and Mount Holyoke are to engage in a triangular de- bate tonight. Each institution is to be represented by two teams, one en- gazing in contest at home and the other abroad. The subject selected for discussion is the Canadian sys- tenn of compulsory arbitration of in- dustral disputes.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-18
CALOMEL MAKES
 YOU SICK, UGH!
"DOdsOn's Liver TOne' better than
 calOmel and can not salivate

Calomel loses you a day! You know what calomel is. It's mercury; quick silver. Calomel $ dangerous. It crashes into sour bile like dynamite, cramping and sickening you. Calo- mel attacks the bones and should never be put into your system.
 When you feel bilious, sluggish, constipated and all knocked out and believe you need dose of dangerous calomel just remember that your druggist sells for 50 cents a large bot tie of Dodson's Liver Tone, which is entirely vegetable and pleasant to take and is a perfect substitute for calomel. It is guaranteed to start your liver without stirring you up inside, and can not salivate.
 Don't take calomel! It makes you sick the next day; it loses you a days work. Dodson's Liver Tone straigh- tens you right Up and you feel great Give it to the children because it is perfectly harmless and doesn't gripe
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-03-18
FINNISH GOVERNOR
 PUT UNDER ARREST

London, March 17.-General Zein, governor general. of Finland, has been arrested by the commander of the Baltic fleet on the order of the pro- visional government, according to Reuters Petrograd dispatch.
 Senior Borovitinoff, vice president of the economic department of the Finish senate, also has been arrested.
 F. I. Roditchesf, leader of the con- stitutional democrats in the duma, has been appointed minister for Fin land.
 General Zein has been governor of Finland since November, 1909, and has been noted for the drastic meth ods he used to suppress any popular outbreak. NJ. Roditcheff has been a vigorous advocate of th;: rights of the Jews and was once denounced as a madman by the emperor.