davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-11-12
STUDY EVIDENCE AGAINST
CHAMbERLA|N'S BROTHER
l.. .. Wendcnburg md Son Of Muir
dcrcd Man Spend Three DAYS
in GoOchlnnd County.
LITTLE EVIDENCE MADE PUBLIC
DIR. Chamberlain, Now in Jail, Said
To Have Interest In Several Homo
stead Properties i'm West-Close
Search Is Made of His Effects.

Attorney l.. O. Wcndcnburc and
Leo Chamberlain returned to Richmond
last night. after spending three DAYS
III Goochland County In "A final study az
tho evidence now piled up against DIR
ASA w. Chamberlain. charged with tho
killing of his brother. Judge" Albert
L. Chamberlain. October - Common
wcalth's Attorney Montciro. with Mr.
WcndcnburS and the son Of the mur-
dcrcd man. came back weary win ,h.ir
Investigation. but more firmly corvinc-
cd than ever that the doctor is guilty
OF the crime with which he now stand;
charged.
The trial will not he hold unit, the
week OF December 10. at the earliest
Mr.. WcndonburS stated upon his re-
'urn that it would be a very in:crcs,
INK. hut y mos, crucSomc story that
would be unioldrd at the hearing az
tn" case. Young MIR. Chamberlain is
mh hlnS arrangements Ia 20 back 10
his HON" III Iowa aud there avail, III.
call of the ease. lie will return 10
Goochiand a week before the trial i'm
order I" make amy arrangements ucccs-
$arN. Ii IL certain that he vii Ia.
called To testify as 10 the relations
OF his father and The accused brother
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-11-12
tiiHi 30 III rnEsENTI.D
~ II Bic ~tIluuI>

TH# mo~rirE tha worl, win hc con-
Uuuci In 'lc schools. Speakers viii
gldrcs- TN. ruW's 20 cncuurnG" THEM
DO .ech hsrpuuus iu their WA
homes
Following air. the names ~ Tie
speakers and the schools - airh lilo
speeches Viii be de.ivored john Mar
shall liish school, Joseph 4. Taylor.
Eobor' Fulton. w n. Adams Nathan
icl Bacon, Charl,s NJ. Wallace; Chin
hora2c. Alfred k!sh Fajrmount. Oscar
4. PARRISH Bellevue Junior y. r. sgd
nor. EuGn,r, Nsy CHARLES T. linnu-
gan; Hiehlaud rars. Davis Bottom,
Giutcr TarE. 1ul.ou iuu- William Fox
!. r. Winco; John " cary, Henry clay
GrccrherG Randolph urdway Pullcr,
Junior High t.Hool, g. W Darlington:
r;ainbridre :turiHf High school NJ. r.
Thalhiincr; I'rank'iu E.y. j. Lewis
Gibbs Spriri.r,ld Eov. j. J. Wicker,
u. n; Barton Heights, Rev. McN. Simp-
son. oak Grove j. ". Moore; Moore
Icolorcd), Rev. J. g.. stevens; Arm
strong 'co,orcdp Kew ". II. Davis;
Dunbar (colorcdp. it,v. Douglas stokes.
As previously published. the council
will enjoy the eo-"pcrgtion ot the Lyric
Thcatcr ana tho Academy OF Music. at
which speakers will aupca, 10 present
Tho claims OF tho soldiers in this cam
paien.
1t is especially desired tina, tho 400
men and women VINO promised Chair
man Reed TO lend Ecm and IN sccur-
ing Richmond quota wil mo-, TAIL to
appear at the auGftor;Um IN the cham
her Of Commerce Eui,diug this mornins
at 10 o'clock to receive Instructions.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-11-12
.CLUBROOMs To Be OPENED
FOR WEEKEND VISITORS
Richmond Commission on Training
Camp Activities Is Doing VaIu-
able Work.
CENSUS TAKEN OF SOLDIERS
Many Mothers Whose Sons Arc in
Service Invite Men From Camp
Lee to Occupy the Vacant Place at
Their Sunday Dinner Tables.

y striking illustration OF the efficient
work that is being pernrmcd by the
Richmond Commission on Training
night i'll case involving a boy III
khaki IT Camp Lee and an anxious
mother at Uniontown. Pa.
q. II. Winfrcy, secretary of the Rich
mond commission, recently caused the
publication in several Pennsylvania
papers--amonE them one i'll Uuiontown
of an article telling Of the service
that the commission cNJcctcd 10 rem
der enlisted men at Camp Lee. The
article was read by the mother in
question. who Immediately wrote tho
secretary. stating that her son was in
the hospital. and that she Was do
siious OF obtaining some personal news
OF him.
Secretary Wintrey at once communi-
Gated with Mrs. &. I. w. Kern. prcsi-
den; OF tho Ciodmothcrs' League. who
went 10 Camp Lee to make inquiries.
News OF tho young soldiers condition
was obtained. and Mrs. Kern reported
back to the secretary. This informal
ton was forwarded 20 the Pennsylvania
city without delay. Yesterday. score
tary Winfycy received a call a; the
commissions headquarters. 6o1 East
Grace Street. from feminine relative
81 tho young man. who informed him
that she had come on 10 Richmond in
response 10 his letter. ScCretarv Win
frey placed tn. young woman aboard
a train for Petersburg. with definite
instructions regarding the proper oil
Ger to sec a. tho camp. lie gave her
the address OF 4 Young Womcn's chris
tian Associa ton. in case she WAS COM
PEELED TO spend the night and arranged
that she was to return to tho Young
Va, 49,
city. III case She was unable To secure
accommodations
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
COMMISSIONS
GRANTED FOR
new REGIMENT
Colonel Frame May be Ele-
waited to Rank Of Briga-
der General.

Bismarck, July 6.-Commissions in
the second regiment, National guard,
were issued today by Governor FraZ-
Ter to Frank White, Valley City; col
onel; T. H. Tharalson, Grafton, lieu
tenant-colonel; G.. r. Mudgett, Valley
City; J. M. Hanley, Mandan and G.. q.
Geary, Jr., Fargo, majors; F. G. Whe-
lon, Minot, major infirmary; Earl R.
Sarles, Hillsboro, captain-adjutant; II.
c. Markley, Hamilton, chaplain, with
rank Of captain; Thomas ]. Strong.
Williston, and J. r. Mckenzie, Car
rington, to be first lieutenants, in
Urinary; C. c. Hibbs, Bismarck, first
lieutenant dental corps; Frederick G.
Neumier, newspaper correspondent,
formerly Of Saltwater, Mimi, to be
battalion adjutant, ranking first lieu
Macdonald, Valley City, will be ap-
pointed battalion adjutant to Major
Mudgett, but his commission has not
been filed. The designations Of Frank
White as member, of the state board
of regents and J. M. Hanley, as Judge
Of the Twelfth district court, have not
been filed. 1t Is presumed they are
awaiting assurance that the regiment
will be accepted. But four days more
remain for recruiting. as the Second
must be ready for inspection, with al
least s65 men in each Of its IL infantry
companies, July 10. Glendale, latest
to report the organization of a com
pany, advised today that rs men have
been accepted and enlisted. The &C
ceptance Of the Second regiment prob.
ably will mean the elevation of Col. ]
H. Frains of the First to the rank OF
brigadier-general, Lieut.. Col. Orator
Of Fargo to first in command, anC
Major Frank s.. Henry Of Bismarck
state land commissioner, to be SECOND
in command Of the First regiment.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
NO CARS TO
CARRY COAL
Railroads Refuse to Ship
Cars From One Road to
Another.

Fargo, July 6.-The Ignite coal in
dustry in this state is badly crippled
tor want Of cars and the president Of
the North Dakota's Legnite Coal OPP
orators association, E. F. Devol,
claims the shortage is due to the rail-
roads refusal to ship cars over other
lines. A complaint was filed by Mr..
IOevol who appeared before the state
railroad commission here.
1t is stated that most of the mines
in the state have large quantities Of
coal ready to be shipped but no cars
can be procured.
Most of the coal mines are situated
on the 500 Line and the greater part
Of the orders for coal come from
towns on the Great Northern road.
The 500 refuses to spot cars at the
mines to be loaded and shipped to
towns on the Great Northern and the
Great Northern refuses to send it's cars
over the 500 road to the mines. Ac-
cording to Mr.. Devol, this situation
practically bars the mines from ship
ping coal except in small quantities.
Secretary Calderhead of the trai1-
road commission raj instructed to
write h railroads about the matter
and the commission assured Mr.. De-
vol that action would be started at
once to compel the railroads to spot
carr at the mines. It is stated that
the shortage OF cars, which was evil
denced early in the year no longer
exists and that there are a number of
empty car at each siding along the
roads that could be put into service.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
BELGlANS SPEAK
TO FARGO CROWD
War Mission Goes Through
North Dakota on Way
West.

Fargo. N. D., July 6.-Carrying the
thanks of King Albert Of Belgium, the
Belgian war mission touring the west
ern part of the United States, stopped
Off in this city and several members
Of the commission told of the great
work that has been done by the
Americans to relieve the suffering in
their native country. The train arriv-
ed in this city at s o'clock in the af-
ternoon yesterday and a crowd of at
least 3,500speople had gathered at the
depot to hear the speakers.
Barron Moncheur, chief of the mis-
sion, was the first man to speak. After
g5tssshs speech, General Leclercq, mill
tary representative of the mission,
emphatically expressed the thanks Of
the Belgian people and king to the
people of the northwest and the en-
tire United States for their donations
of money and other help they have
given the people who are starving in
Belgium. He made particular men
ton of the fact that the entrance Of
the United States into this war at the
time it would be a great step toward
winning the fight and bring all their
Enfferings to ar end.
The mission left Minneapolis in a
special train and has been greeted
by thousands of people along the line.
At Staples, Mimi, Baron Mon
cheur spoke to most Of the residents
of the town, and was cheered when
he said that the Belgians were ready
to die rather than accept a peace
without n~depenGen a
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
BETTER SCHOOL
SYSTEM PLANNED
Superintendent Macdonald
Has Plan to Save Much
Money.

State Superintendent Of instruction
N. G. Macdonald has prepared and
prescribed a course of study for the
common schools Of the state which Is
a radical departure from the old type
of cours of study.
Under the new system the superin-
tendent hopes to eliminate all useless
and antiquated material and the use
full. modern work is substituted. In
the matter Of content a model daily
program Is given for one-room rural
schools and an outline by grades.
In the course Of study proper, the
material for each Of the eight grades
Is outlined for; each subject, using the
grade as the unit. This, according to
the superintendent, will eliminate
monthly divisions and gives better OPP
portunity for teachers and supertn-
Itendents to follow the course
The new course contains only 60
pages against 800 for the old urse
This has been done by naming the
minimum essentials in each and every
subject for each and every grade and
detailed instructions.
Printed in it's present form the new
program will save hundreds of dol.
lars in printing to the state, and ir
eliminating the use of needless state
wide printed monthly questions it will
save hundreds Of dollars for the coun.
ties and will at the same time give 6
course of study which will serve the
present school interests in much bet
ter shape than the one now in use.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
ARMY LACKING
GOOD DOCTORS
State Wide Movement to be
Started Here to. Urge
Physicians to Enlist.

800 GtA A-A--1-E ~ ~ EH
Fargo, N. D., June 6.-Phystcians
of North Dakota are being urged to
Join the colors, to go to the front as
members of the medical corps. Only
an extremely small percentage Of doc
tors In the state have responded and
within a short time. so DIR. J. P. Aylen
of$Fargo asserts, a statewide move
ment will begin with a view &C re-
cruiting army physicians.
North Dakota doctors are not the
only ones slow to respond. More than
10000 physicians are needed at once
and SO far, from all states less than
5000 have Joined and of this number
only 5000 r available.
North Dakota could make an ex-
cellent showing" said DR.. Aylen.
"Our state examinations r severe
and those who pass them are well
qualified to take up army work We
need men,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
CONTEST
RULES CHANGED
Promotion Of Better Seed is
Purpose Of Contests Held
Each Year..

Fargo. July 6.-Few changes have
been made In the rules governing the
seed contest to be held this year by
the North Dakota Improved Seed
Growers association.
The association is now perfecting
it's plans for the contest to be held
next winter. The plans call for a
slight change in hat only a fair sized
mailing sample la to be sent in-not
a peck as in former years. There will
be no display of samples, as this en-
tails too much work for the help
available under present conditions. In
all other details the association will
adhere to its regular rules and meth
DDS Of scoring and awarding prizes.
The contest is held for the purpose
Of getting good seed grain located and
for the purpose of helping those who
have it to get in touch with those who
wish to buy it for s on the land.
The association wants to put as many
buyers In touch with growers Of i'm
proved or pedigreed seed as 1t can
and this is only limited by the num-
Der who have their fields inspected
and send their see to the pure seed
laboratory for testing.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
Montana News
MONTANA MAN is
MURDERED AND HIS
EARS AMPUTATED

Ligingston. Mont. July s.-with
both BARS cut off, the body Of a man
supposed to be Verge Wauvrin, a
stranger, was found on an island near
here. The nan had been hit over the
head with q heavy instrument and the
body was in a pool of blood. There
was no trace of the ears, which had
been sliced of close to the head with
a very sharp knife or razor. The po-
lice refused to disclose the address
found on the mans body. A card
from the Western Labor Federation
and q letter from a Helena friend,
were found in the mans pockets. No
trace Of the assailants or any reaso
for the crime has been found.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
FEW CASES OF HOG
CHOLERA REPORTED

Bismarck. N. D., July "a num-
Der OF. isolated attacks of hog cholera
have been reported in North Dakota.
In Dickey county recently, the owner
OF a herd Of several hundred lost 20
animals in one day. The county agent
summoned. the herd v~accinated,
all dogs in the neighborhood ordered
killed, and the place put under quar-
antine. No further deaths have been
reported. In Barnes county e.. R.
Wilberg in going to his hog pasture
in the morning found one animal
dead and In a few moments the entire
herd had expired. There is 10 gem
.eral epidemic, but q warning has been
sent out to hog owners and attention
is being called to the free virus sup
plies by both state and federal gov
ernments.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
CATTLE STOLEN AND
TWO MEN ARE HELD

Lewistown. July s.-Last July a
bunch Of cattle were stolen from the
Winifred section and Deputy Stock
Inspector Leslie Mccain has been on
the lookout ever since for the thieves.
He and his superior. as well as the
other officers. have run down In
Vulnerable reports and at last Mr..
McCann believes he has the thieves in
the county Jail. One Of the mon, Dick
Waite. was arrested here. The other.
Bill Hanna, was caught by Mr.. Nc
Cam at Whitlash, four miles this side
IF the Canadian border. The men are
held in $4,000 bail each, but have not
been able &c secure bondsmen.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
BOWBELLS MAN IS
ALMOST DROWNED

Kenmare, N. D., July e.-Clarence
Olson Of Bowbells, came 9 drown
ing yesterday at the Mouse River
park, neal Tolley, while swimming in
the river with several companions. He
had gone down for the third time,
when A. s.. Jorgenson Of this city, who
was nearby, rushed to the river and
jumped in after the man. ~Jorgenson
brought him to the surface and strug-
gled to shore with the unconscious
man. After working over him for q
short time, several men succeeded in
reviving him.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06

In the dumps when Fourth Of July
drew near with the prospects of no
band. A majority of Taylor's patri-
otic bandsmen had enlisted in the fed
eral service with Cox Of Dickinson.
Somebody suggested writing Capt. C..
N. Barger about 1t. Someone did,
and on the following. train backscane,
the band boys on a several days leave
Of absence. Taylor had Its big Fourth
of July celebration, and when the
bandmen left for Fort Lincoln today
they were given a real ovation.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06

ia fracture OF the skull at tho base Of
the brain and hemorrhages In the
brain.
Mr.. Barnett was on the lumber de-
livery wagon, when the horse started
to run away. He Jumped from the
wagon. intending. 1t 10 thought. to att
tempt to catch the animal, but fell,
striking his head on the curbing, and
never regained consciousness. His
wife, two ons and two daughters
were with him when he died.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
GRAVEL HAULING BEE
: HELD AT UPHAM, N. D.

Upham, N. D., July 6.-when work.
was started en- the new town hall for
this city, t35 farmers started a gravel
hauling bee and each man hauled a,
load Of gravel for the cement work
on the foundation Of the new building.
The building will be used as a COM
munity hall for farmers and city peo-
pie and meetings and entertainments
Of all kinds will be held there. The
work Of constructing the hall is n
der the supervision Of August Lunder-
tUo16 .- I've
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
FOR LABOR
TEMPLE Is AWARDED

Fargo, July 6.-work on the new
labor temple for Fargo will start at
once, the contract having been award
&c to Anderson and Vance for the sum
of 100000. The lower floor will be
used as a garage and the two upper
floors will be fitted up for meeting
halls. The halls will be used by the
different labor unions in the city.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
ANOTHER BELL is
STOLEN FROM TOWER

Fargo, N. D.. July 6.-The second
Of a series Of bell robberies occurred
in Saunders, a town four miles from
here, when thieves climbed to the
tower OF a church in this city and
stole a bell Weighing 500 pounds. The
robbers made good their escape with
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
Godfrey MURDERER
UNDER $4,000 BOND

Towner, N. d., July e.-Martin
Godfrey at a Karlsruhe stag party last
week, was arraigned before City JUS
tice T. c.. Ellis today and held to dis
trict court under bonds of $4,000 to
answer to a charge Of murder in the
first degree
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06

the belIsand It is probably their inten-8
ton to sell the metal to junk dealers.
The frst robbery of this kind In
North Dakota took place at q church
near Davenport two weeks ago, when
robbers took the 1890 pound bell
on 4 stolen trailer q short distance
from town. abandoned II.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
I C~HAUTAUQUA.
(Hera1d Spec{aJ Sorvico \

Jamestown, N. D., July 6.-The sec
ond annual Spiritwood Lake chautau-
qua Is we'll under way, people from
many miles around attending the ex-
cellent entertainment offered by pro-
moters,of the event. The chautauqua
this year is an even greater success
than last year and promises to be an
annual occurrence at the popular
Stutsman county summer resort.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
SIOUX READY TO FIGHT.

C~annonball, N. D., July "a meet
ing of the young men Of military age
among the Standing Rock Sioux was
held at the agency here last night and
many of the braves announced their
intention Of enlising TN Capt. A. B.
Welch's new Bismarck company. A.
c. Wells, h Indian agent at this
point, Is cooperating in the enlist
ment Of the Sioux, a number of whom
served with Captain WEIGH on the
Mexican border and proved good SOL
diers sI.-#
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
ALLEGED MURpF1nER JAnDED.

Washburn, N. D.. July enlarged
with murder In the first degree.
Joseph Keller. who is accused Of hav-
ing stabbed to death Officer George
Dixon at Wilton last Sunday morning,
was given a preliminary examination
here, pleaded not guilty and was re-
manded to Jail to await the next sit
ting Of district court.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
CREEK INDIAN HAS
BROKEN THE WORLDS
RECORD FOR ROPING

Henrietta, Okla. July Eddie
Burgess, full blooded Creek Indian,
said to have broken the worlds
roping record here today when he
roped and tied q wild steer in 20 1-2
seconds. This lowered the previous
record by half a second. Burgess is
the owner of a large ranch near here.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
YOUNG GIRD sIJICIDEs.

Deering, N. D., July 6.-Running
from the home Of her parents with
q bottle Of strychnine held to her lips.
Mona Smith, 15-year-old daughter Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Wes Smith. fell In con-
vulsions at the feet of her mother and
an hour later died while a doctor was
speeding to her rescue. The girl had
been respondent for several days.
The poison had been procured by her
father for the determination Of
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
North Dakota News
LAD
KILLED BY TRAIN
WHILE AT PLAY

Paramount, N. D.. July g..
While at play on the railroad track
ut this place, Orrin Anderson, aged
2 years, was Instantly killed Last
night when q train ran over him,
cutting his head of.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
BAD FALL FATAL
TO CHINOOK MAN

Chinook, Mont. July 6.-J. r. Bar
nett. who came from Missouri three
months ago to take up a homestead,
and who has been working for III
Chinook Lumber company, died from
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
wHEEE GOES INTO HOUSE.

McClusky, N. D., July e.-When an
Arthur Olafson and three guests
turned turtle and dropped on them
here, a wheel was snapped off and
sent crashing through the window of
a nearby residence. Nobody was
hurt.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06

Charlsor-Mrs. .Mathea Peterson,
who recently sold her land near Table
Butte, N D.. IL reported to have been
killed IN q cyclone at Wolf Point,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06
FLICKER TALES

Pisek-The annual meeting of the
Slavonic league was held
here and was well attended. Music
for the occasion was furnished by the
Pisek band, and the meeting was a
success.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-07-06

Williston-Fred Lawrence, clerk in
a local store, was arrested on a war
rant sworn out by G. Ellithorpe, juve-
nile court officer, on a charge Of in
volving a 1~4-year-old girl in the care
Of the Juvenile court. Bonds were
placed at $4,000, which the man was
unable to produce. His trial is set for
July 10.
Abbeville progress. (Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, La.) 1913-1944, 1917-01-13
Lecture by Supt. Bauer of
New Orleans Schools. Vic
tor Theatre, Jan. rs, 1917.

Asst. Superintendent Nicholas Bauer
of the New Orleans Public Schools will
d. liver al illustrated lecture on The
Indian in story and song at the Victor
Theatre, Friday night, January rs. This
lecture will be given by Prof. Bauer tor
the benefit of the Abbeville High School
and the entire proceeds will be given to
the City Schools. Mr.. Bauer will not
even charge expenses while Manager
Landry donates all receipts above actual
expenses. Those who attended the
Graduating Exercises last year will re.
member Mr.. Bauer for he gave the class
address. There 10 no more graceful
speaker than lie and undoubtedly he
will fully entertain the audience with
his lecture. Mr.. Landry will have the
regular pictures for that night but will
give an extra educational picture. Adj
mission 10 cent up stairs and rs cent for
the lower floor.