davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02
ENTENTE SHIPPING LOSS

Twenty -one English, Thre French and
 Four Italian Vessels Sunk By Mine or U-Boat in Week.
 London, Aug. 2.-The following is the British official weekly shipping summary, given out yesterday:
 Arrivals, 2,747; sailings, 2776.
 British merchantmen of more than 1,60O tons sunk IS; under 1,600 tons, three.
 British merchantmen unsuccessful ly attacked g, including previously.
 Fishing vessels sunk, none.
 Paris, Aug. 2:-Two French ships of more than 1,60O tons and one ves- sel of under 1,600 tons were sunk by mine or submarine last week, accord ing to the weekly shipping summary given out by the French admiralty last night. Three ships were unsuccessful ly attacked.
 During the week 1,008 ships entered French ports while, 1.072 sailed.
 Home, Aug. 2.-Italian ships lost as a result of submarines last week num- bered four sailing ships.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02
HEAT NUMBERS
 SEVEN VICTIM
BUTTE IN FEAR 0F
 OUTBREAK BY l. W: W.
RumOrs of Wholesale Lynch- ings Keep Town Aroused
 All Night.

Butte, Aug. 2.-The citizens of Butte spent a restless night on the rumors of wholesle, lynchings and threatened outbreaks by the comrades of Frank Little, leader of I. w. w., who was dragged from his hotel by a party of seven and hanged to a rail- road bridge early yesterday.
 The city council, at the request of Mayor Maloney, voted to offer a re- ward of $1,0OO for the arrest and con- viction of any one of the slayers of Little.
 The metal mine workers union re- quested Sheriff J. K. O'Rourke to ap- point 1000 members of the union spe- cial deputies to aid in preserving peace. This, the sheriff declined to do, saying he felt it would be unwise to arm so many.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02
AERO CAPTAIN DIES
 IN 800 FOOT PLUNGE
Stamford Man Killed Instant ly at Mineola-Compan-
 ion Internally Injured.

Mineola, Aug. 2.-Captain Ralph L.. Taylor, in command of the training section of the aviation corps here, lost control of his airplane today and plunged 800 feet to his death. Ser geant Thomas Pell, who was in the machine with him, suffered a broken jaw and internal injuries.
 The two had been flying but short time when it was noticed something apparently went wrong with the ma chine and 1t dropped toward the earth. Captain Taylor was dead when taken from the airplane wreckage.
 Captain Taylor had been in com- mand of the instructors and students about two months and was an expert lier. He was married two months ago.
 Stamford, Aug. 2.-Captain Ralph Taylor belonged here. He was the son of Deputy Sheriff Lincoln Taylor and formerly was captain of the Seventh company coast artillery corps c. N. G.. resigning to enter the aviation serv- ice several months ago. On June 1, he was married to Miss Gladys Nor timer of Sound Beach. who has been with him at Mineola.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02

Leadville, Colo., Aug. 2.-The strike of metal miners in the Leadville dis trict, which began ten days ago was called off early today at mass meet ing of the striking miners both union and non-union. The men voted to accept the offer of the operators of wage increase of about 50 cents a day. The strikers had asked for an increase of one dollar per day.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02

(Continued on Eleventh Page)
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02
AMERICAN SCHOONER SUNK.
The Hammond Was Vessel of 132
 Tons.

London, Aug. 2.-The American schooner John Hays Hammond has been sunk by the gun fire of a German submarine. All the crew were saved.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02

Globe Aug. 2.-Lieut Col. George R. White, commanding the cavalry in the Globe-Miama district, has issued a proclamation stating that all miners and others wishing to return to work would have the protection of the armed force of his command.
 The mines in the district have been idle since July 25 because of strikes.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02

The John Hays Hammond. was B. schooner of 132 tons gross and was built at Essex, Mass, in 1907.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02
Would Drive Politics From Army.

Would Drive Politics From Army.
 London, Aug. 2.-Accordinge to a Petrograd despatch to the Post, Rus sian army commanders had a con- ference at headquarters recently and virtually sent an ultimatium to Pre- mier and War Minister Kerensky that unless the army was kept outside politics and treated merely as a fight ing machine they would resign an as being unable to carry on the war vic toriously.
 The correspondent believes the ul- timatim will be accepted.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02
Gen. Brusslof Resigns As Con-
 mander-in-Chief Of Forces
TCHEREMlSS0FF PROMOTED
Foreign Minister Terestcheuko Issues Statement to Diplomats Expressing Russia's Determination to Continue War Until Victory Is Achieved.

A. Brussdoff. commender-in-ch chief of the Russian armies. has resigned. General l.. G. Kornilor, commander in-chief of the Russian armies on the southwestern front. has been appoint ed generalissimo. General Tchere- missoff, commander of the Eighth army, has been appointed to succeed General Korniloff on the southwest ern front.
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02

(continued on Eleventh Pacs)
New Britain herald., 1917-08-02

Home, Aug. 2.-1talian ships lost as a result of submarines last week num- bered four sailing ships.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30

time. "She became sort of bird f1irt," said the man. "It was almost pathetic to watch the male. He tried in every way to coax her to the nest but failed. Then he too rebelled and when night came he refused to cover the eggs with the result that the nest was chilled and the eggs failed to hatch. The male bird, however, stuck by her and the next year they raised their brood" They are so awkward that they sometimes step on the young birds and in order to prevent this the ostrich farmers are now using incu- bators.
 The eggs begin to hatch in forty two days and the chicks come out standing about twelve inches high They feed on gravel or shell for the first few days and then begin to eat young alfalfa sprouts. In two weeks they are as large as turkey and look like dirty excelsior. They are as deli cate as young turkeys and very sus- ceptible to cold and dampness-a fact which makes the dry American desert an ideal place for raising them. If the eggs are matched in the family
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30

to attract the female of his choice he struts about the pen spreading his wings and displaying his beautiful feathers. If she fails to notice him he begins to kick pebbles to attract her attention, and as the kick of an ostrich is equal to that of a horse thee female bird suffers considerably from stone bruises. After they finally decide on their choice of a mate the pair are given a pen to themselves and they set up housekeeping.
 The ostrich makes a devoted hus- band although he expects his wife to do her duty as well. After the nest is made by digging a hole in the ground and the eggs are laid the male bird covers them at night if the fe- male will do so during the day. This fact was discovered by one of the at- tendants on a Western ostrich farm. One of the female ostriches after lay ing the eggs sat on them for few days and the male bird took care of them at night. After time she began to gad about the pen and look over at the other birds refusing to cover the eggs except for half an hour at a
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30

home the parent ostriches pay no at tention to the young birds after they leave the shell. They seem to think their work ends at the nest. Ostriches have lived in captivity in the United States about thirty years and only two or three have died natural deaths aft CT they have passed the chick stage and these died of bad hearts. Just how long they live is a matter which has not yet been determined by ostrich breeders.
 Exceptions To Ostrich Etiquette.
 There are some freak birds who are exceptions to the rule of ostrich etiquette; for instance, there is a bird on a California farm who had two wives at the same time and the three lived happily together. "A party of Norm ons came to the farm while he was in the "courting pen" and they put the idea of poligamy into his head I reckon said the keeper, as he pointed out the bird. There is another ostrich who is confirmed bachelor and although he is twelve years of age he has refused to take a wife and has killed three females who have tried to make up' to him. He struts about his pen spreading his wings displaying his beautiful black and white plumes, which resemble a huge fan and gen orally acts as though he was the king of the farm. He is fond of the keeper and at his command will race about his pen displaying his feathers to wis itors.
 No Waste In Ostrich As A Food. If the ostrich becomes a part of our daily menu the butcher will find very little waste The neck and legs are the only part of the bird of which there is any question, but even these will likely be utilized by the chefs. There is plenty of marrow in the leg bones and ostrich marrow bone on toast'' may soon be found on the bill of fare at all well regulated hotels. This marrow too might be used in soups and gravies. The neck which is three feet long might also be used in soups to the same advantage as OK tail. The other parts of the bird can be
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30
Can Be Hitched To Light Carts.

The big birds soon learn to know their keepers and will come at call. Many of them have been trained as racers and work well when hitched to a light vehicle. They have a long stride and have out-distanced many fast horses. Their gait is sort of swing and is very graceful. It is quite the thing at the California farms for women and children to enjoy ride behind an ostrich racer. They may also be ridden like a horse, but as one must ride bareback it is difficult to keep seated. One of the peculiar things about the ostrich is that when you want to hitch him you simply drop a cap over his head and he will stand perfectly still until it is re- moved. This cap is used when the feathers are to be plucked or at any time the keeper wants the bird to keep quiet.
 Takes But One Mate.
 The ostrich only takes one mate during his lifetime. When the birds are about three or four years old they are put in the "courting pen" and they pair off. The male ostrich is a very proud bird and when he wants
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30
~7e<z2<GTZ|S@1a1<NSE7SeS 7SeS~0WIlGT2 <ZaHS5>
 oSs~0zzS NZ20e~ Every State Has aState Council of Defense Similar To the Great Council of National Defense Big Enterprises Ably Handled GeorgeFrench
 Porter and His Work.


 man of wide experience and success in large business interests and with vision so broad and generous that in his home town of Chicago he has labored abundantly not only for the civic prosperity of his fellow citizens but also for a wider national knowl- edge and appreciation Of art in it's best and highest sense. The Govern ment has made no mistake in it's se- lection of MT. Porter as director of the Section of Cooperation with States, many in authority say, for he has brought to bear upon the great na- tional questions of the day the same sound judgment and wise management as made him successful capitalist in private life.
 It was a spirit of patriotism which prompted MT. Porter to give up his many-sided private interests and come to Washington to do his part for his country. It was the same motive which impelled the other members of this section of the emergency war work to lend their assistance in the great cause.
 The other members of the Section on Cooperation with States of the Coun- cil of National Defense are: William B. Hale, of Chicago; Elliott D. Smith, lawyer, Chicago; Walter B. Meyer, lawyer, of New York City: Frederick
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30

be called upon at short notice for emergency service and to transport troops at any desired point.
 Vermont and Arizona have made something of special study of their transportation facilities for troop nov ing and both have recommended inn provements in cars. Both have de vised a seemingly practicable and simple scheme of converting day coaches into comfortable sleeping quarters for the troops en route.
 The defense council of the State of Maryland. has gone largely into the matter of transportation, the three principal railroads in the State each contributing a first class coach equipped and manned through the ef- forts of the Baltimore commission on transportation. This State has also completed the equipment of a hospital train. In connection with the trans portation of food, fuel and other re- sources, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, South Carolina and Utah have made special investigations and sent many valuable reports to headquar- | ters.
 To Help Dependents Of Soldiers. | Michigan and New Hampshire are two among several States which have passed statutes providing aid for de- pendents of soldiers and sailors. A considerable number of the State fear ing danger from alien enemies or law breakers at a time when the entire organized militia is drafted into Fed eral service, have undertaken to sup. plement the protection of life and property afforded by the regular police force by a volunteer guard
 The question of food supply and
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30

broiled, roasted or stcwed, and it Is estimated that one ostrich is equal to two hundred chickens. All these things are much more paIatable than the average person inagines.
 Price Of Eggs.
 Ostrich eggs for eating sell at about $2.50. each and weigh from three and one-half to i've pounds each. If you will drain these eggs through a small hole you can get . dollar for the shell if you can find a museum that needs one. However, if you are going into the ostrich farming business and want eggs for breeding purposes you will have to pay five dollars a piece for them It may interest the prospective ostrich farmer to know that the statistics on ostrich raising show that in twenty-nine years one pair of birds were the parents of over four hundred and fifty ostrich chicks. The big birds have voracious appetities and are al- ways ready to eat, whether it is oranges, sugar beets, alfalfa or some bodys scarf pin, they grab it with savage eagerness. They are greedy too and will swallow oranges as fast as they can be handed up. At times the writer has seen a half dozen oranges passing down the neck of an ostrich while he was begging for more. AS the bill opens fully four inches the bird has little difficulty in swal- lowing the fruit. When the keeper comes with a wagon of alfalfa the visitor begins to realize that one might as well start a cattle ranch as begin an ostrich farm, However, should the Government take up the matter of ostrich raising it viii develop into a science and the birds will be fed on food which will aid in sweetening the meat and study will be made of how to make the largest production of eggs
 We shall probably learn more of the value of the ostrich as a food in the near future when the Government finally takes up the problem of ostrich raising. Truly the high cost of living is changing one's idea as to the proper diet for mankind.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30
H KrIa aRa7z@~9 w15<Sz6 8R~ las2eGSO2
 e5GxoDlce11 @22LRx2&

conservation has been actively hand led in every State. In most of the State councils there are large number of committees dealing with various phases of the question. Con- siderable statutory power has been given the State councils of defense in many States over the production and use of food, and every State has con ducted extensive propaganda for the increase of planting and production of food and against waste and hoarding. This propaganda has been carried out by the use of bulletins and posters encouraging planting as patriotic duty and extensive publicity in other directions.
 Agriculture has been thoroughly dealt with in every State. Loans have been made to farmers for seed and other necessities to meet the situation. Agricultural labor exchanges have been opened and farm labor surveys undertaken to determine the need for labor and to aid in adjusting the sup ply to the demand.
 Boys Are Helping Everywhere. The need for agricultural labor has brought into being the splendid line of work undertaken under the name of the Boys Working Reserve. In al- most every State extensive and effec- tive efforts have been reported for the
 utilization of the labor of boys in agriculture. Many of the States have established supervised camps for the
 boys joining the reserve during their
 summer vacation. This plan has
 worked to so great mutual benefit
 during the past season that it is to be
 conducted on a nationwide scale next
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30

TIN OLD WOMAN far of in the
 fastnesses of the Kentucky
 mountains first heard the story v U of the war from a woman sent out by the Government to preach food conservation. With tears in her eyes she made response that she could and would save the lard with which she had been in the habit of lighting her kitchen fire.
 T never knew before that the Gov ernment could want me to do any thingl" she repeated again and again.
 And the case of that old woman exennpHfies to some degree the scope of the far-reaching operations of the "Section on Cooperation with States" of the Council of National Defense The organization in every State in the Unipn of a State Council of Defense similar in nature to that of the Na- ttsnal Council of Defense was brought about some six months ago.
 The object was to promote and CO., ordinate the war activities of every State and bring each one of them into cooperation with the Federal Govern ment and the Council of National De- fense.
 The Hand At The Helm.
 The man chosen to direct this dfvi- sion of the Governments emergency var work was George French Porter.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30
Allen, formerly editor of a well-known

Allen, form erly editor of a well-known magazine; Carl L. Buehl, secretary and treasurer of a mining company, Chicago; Arthur W. MacMahon, of Columbia University New York.
 "It is like a pyramid" said one of those officials in a recent talk about this division of the National Defense work. s'The broad base is formed of the hundreds of thousands of Ameri- can people working individually, or in small organized local units municipal and county councils. These are spread all over the country, superimposing stone upon stone to make a founda- ton of solid masonry for the great State organizations engaged in emer- gency war work, and these form a uniformly solid base for the apex, which is the Council of National De fense."
 Uncle Sam's Fine Work.
 America is the only nation on the globe which could so quickly and eff ciently have organized her civilians without the use of Government com pulsion for definite, voluntary en- deavor in the way of raising an un- prepared nation to war strength. consider the bringing into harmonious 
 cooperation with one another of the forty-eight States and the District of Columbia one of the most romantic and interesting features of the whole war work"
 It has been the province of the Sec ton on Cooperation with States to deal with organizations for defense all over the country, to make recommendations and requests for action to each of the States, and. in turn, to receive and either act upon or refer to the proper body, suggestions. information and re- quests for information. It has served, moreover, as a clearing house between the States; and it endeavors to keep in easily accessible form all available data on activities completed, under taken or in prospect in all the States, from which it constantly supplies local
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30
for another, and the plan may be adopted by the Nation. tln

for another, and the plan may be adopted by the Nation.
 Revealing the activity of this mode of intercommunication and coopera- ton between the States comes a re- gently made report which presents most interesting, witha1 minute ac- count of the organization of each State council of defense, with a record of the results of work sent in by each to headquarters. Such a record of con crete accomplishment must be of in- calculable value in the way of sug- gestion to every State council of de fense receiving it. This report men tions the fact that some fifty-two bull letins and information circulars fur nishing details and instructions con- corning as many branches of war work, have been sent out from the national headqua rters.
 Nearly every State reporting a full list of their committees to headquar- ters has military committee of some sort. In several States there is more than one committee dealing with mili- tary affairs. As an example, Massa- chusetts has the following committees with military functions: Recruiting, naval forces. land forces, military equipment and supplies, mobilization and concentration camps, horses, trucks and motor cars.
 The Massachusetts council has also rendered valuable service in organiz- ing under the Navy Department a naval reserve force and naval re- serve flying corps. Maryland reports a military census and a preparedness committee; and the State of Maine likewise.
 New York is another State strong in it's military preparedness.
 Train Boys To Be Master Marines. Previous to the war both New York and Massachusetts had well organized nautical schools and nautical ship. These schools take healthy boys be tween the ages. of sixteen and twenty years and give them a complete course in the various subjects relating to the navigation of a merchant ship The boys on graduation are able to qualify as master marines and chief engineers Rhode Island Is one of the States reporting an effort to provide adequate facilities for transporting men and supplies through their States. Little Rhody' is intensely active in it's wal work, and as a transportation item it has listed and enrolled the automo piles and auto truck of the State and their organization, so that they. may
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-11-30
and national official and voluntary bodies with reports on special re- quests for information.

and national official and voluntary bodies with reports on special re- quests for information.
 Various Committees Handle Big
 Enterprises.
 The organization of the State coun- ci1s of defense in general follows in the lines of the Council of National Defense. Like the National Council they are sub-divided into committees dealing with various branches of de- fense work-military, transportation, finance, food. publicity, industries and labor, minerals, medical science, legal, educational. Many of the State so- cieties issue their own periodicals. and publicity is maintained by the circu- lation of reports and bulletins and the aid of many public speakers.
 In the nature of things many of the individual activities of the various States are of necessity to themselves alone; but in number of cases they have been found most effective agency for the completion of plans of nationwide importance. Thus, the War Department has benefited by the cooperation of the States in the mat ter of recruiting; the Treasury De partment counts largely upon the State councils of defense for help in the Liberty Loan; the Department of Agriculture benefits largely by the working out of some of their own knottiest problems by the individual States; and the Department of Labor has been materially enriched by CO., operation with State organizations. As an agricultural instance of how the Section on Cooperation with States serves as a clearing house of ideas and suggestions, take the case of Rhode Island. That State estab- lished as an emergency measure a I loan-fund of fifty thousand dollars which was placed at the disposal of it's farmers for the purchase of seed If it is found that this investment re- turned a corresponding surplus in its harvests' the Section on Cooperation with States will pass the idea along to every other State for its considera- ton in connection with next springs planting.
 Vermont's Novel Scheme.
 | An instance which relates to troop conveyance is provided by the trans portation committee of the State Council of Vermont. This committee has devised scheme for providing comfortable sleeping quarters in day coaches for troop transportation. If this idea is feasible for one State 1t is