davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20

vidual railroads may elect to retain
their present overtime rules In short
turn around passenger service or the
foregoing provision, but may not
make a combination of both to pro-
duce greater compensation than is
provided in either basis.
in the event the law Is held to be
constitutional, II the foregoing set
Element is inconsistent with the de-
cision Of the court that application
will be adjusted to the decision. If
declared unconstitutional the above
stands with all the provisions as writ
ten.
1.-THE foregoing TO govern for such
roads, classes of employees and classes
of service represented by the national
conference committee OF railroads.
Schedules except as modified by
the above changes remain as at pres
ent."
w. G. Lee, head of the trainmen
and spokesman for the brotherhood
chiefs, declared today that the settle
ment of the controversy was "the
greatest victory ever won for labor"
Nearly 100000 men," he said,
"have won the eight-hour day with
out sacrificing a cent Of their money
for It. We are now in position to
go back to our men with the greatest
thing ever put over for labor"
Conferences will be held here to-
morrow between the railway manag-
ers and the brotherhood chiefs to de.
eide q basis Of computation OF back
pay,sinasmuch as the new agreement
Is to be retroactive beginning Janu-
airy |. 1t is estimated unofficially
that he men have coming to them
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20

an explicit assurance be given that
If the result of such observation es-
tablished such an increased cost to
the employers as justified an in
creased rate, the power would be
given to the Interstate Commerce
commission to authorize it, Congress
responded by enacting the statute
whose validity, as we have said, we
are called upon to consider.
1.-THE duty to do so arises from the
fact that the employers, unwilling to
accept the act and challenging the
power of congress to enact it, began
this typical suit against the officers
of certain labor unions and the United
States district attorney to enjoin the
enforcement of the statute.
"The law was made to take effect
only on the first of January, 1917.
To expedite the final decision before
that date the representatives of labor
unions were dropped out, agreements
essential to hasten it were made and
it was stipulated that pending the final
disposition of the cause the carriers
would keep accounts OF the wages
which would have been earned If the
statute was enforced so as to enable
their payment if the law was finally
upheld"
The Dissenting Opinion.
Following is the synopsis OF the
dissenting opinion on the Adamson
law by Justice Vandevanter:
Mr.. Justice Pitney, for himself
and Mr.. Justice Vandevanter, deliv-
cred a dissenting opinion express
ing concurrence in the view OF Mr..
Justice Day that the Adamson law
is unconstitutional because congress,
although confessedly not in posses
sion OF the information necessary for
intelligent and just treatment OF the
controversy between carriers and the
trainmen, arbitrarily imposed upon
the carriers the entire and enormous
cost of an experimental increase in
wages without providing for any COM
pensation to be paid in case the in
vestigation should demonstrate the
improperly of the increase
Justice Day, in his dissenting opin-
ion, said the legislation amounted to
deprivation Of the railroads of prop
erty without due process Of law"
In concurring in the majority opin-
ion, Justice McKenna differed in that
he believed the law AN hours of
service" statute and only secondarily
wage-hxing law, and thus within the
mower of congress"
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20
With Strike Off
Much Freight is
Starting to Move

The calling off Of the strike has
had the effect Of starting an immense
volume OF business moving out Of
Omaha. Last Friday and Saturday
practically all the roads laid embar-
goes on all classes Of freight and as
a result nothing except the perish
abies were moving TO any extent.
Now all embargoes except those on
grain to seaboard have been lifted
and freight is moving forward.
Shipments out Of Omaha are unu-
sually heavy, notwithstanding that
great deal Of freight went forward
during the latter part Of last week in
anticipation Of freight tieup. Three
trsinloads Of meat have just started
for the east and as much as train
load Of butter, eggs and produce TAX
IN out OF cold storage.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20
Act Fixing Hours and Pay Of
Men Engaged In Running
Trains is Held Con-
stitutional.
FOUR JUDGES DISSENT

Washington, March 49, The
Adamson eight-hour railroad law was
held constitutional and valid in all
respects today by the supreme court.
The decision makes eight hours the
standard of a days work and wages
for men in operation Of trains and
legalizes the wage increases which
went into tentative effect on its pas
sage.
4 The decision was S to 4. Justices
Day, Pitney and Vandevanter an
nounced their dissent from the bench
and later Justice McReynolds an
nounced his.
Justice McKenna concurred in the
majority opinion, but on slightly diff
ferent grounds. Justice Day read his
own dissenting opinion and Justice
Pitney delivered the other dissent
ing opinion, in which Justice Van De-
vanter joined.
In dissenting Justice McReynolds
held that congress did not have
power to enact the law, but that the
majority decision now gives it au-
thority to fix trainmen's maximum
and minimum wages land to require
compulsory arbitration of labor dis
putes which may seriously jeopar-
die movement OF traffic, and to take
measures effectively to protect the
free flow of commerce against any
combination, whether of operatives,
owners or strangers"
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20
Adamson Eight Hour Wage Law
Is Held Valid BY Supreme Court

/ between $l2,0O0,0O0 and $l3,OOO,0OO.
In announcing the opinion, Chief
Justice White reviewed the negotia-
tions leading to enactment of the law.
He did not read from a prepared
opinion, giving il apparently from
memory. He told Of the presidents
efforts to avert the strike last Sep
TENDER.
He suggested arbitration. The
employers accepted and the employees
refused" said the chief justice. HE
then suggested basic eight-hour day
standard. The employers rejected
that and the employees accepted.
How the president went to con-
gress was then recited.
Congress passed the law, that is
before US, and the carriers refused to
recognize it" he continued. He said
the agreement to expedite the case
was very laudable."
In the early course OF the opinion
the chief justice said the law was
both an eight-hour day act and also
a wagc-hxing statute. He said it
strips the parties of power of con-
tract" as to wages. He said the
eight-hour provision was the para
mount feature. -
Regarding whether the law is an
hours of labor or wage fixing law,
the chief justice said it was both. He
said the question OF fixing hours of
labor by congress was out of the case
as unquestioned.
Public and Private Rights. .
The chief justice cited the "hours
Of service act" as an instance of
hours of labor" legislation by con-
gress, and said transportation was of
both private and public interest.
THE dividing line is so marked
that government will not destroy the
private right" said the chief justice.
The power to regulate rests upon
both the private and public interests
involved"
He then said the right of private
parties to fix private wages was an
inherent right and to take it away
would be unconstitutional, but added
that, considering what congress in
tended to do and the failure Of the
railroads and employees to reach an
agreement, to say that the govern
ment authority did not have the power
ito fill the void would be to declare
that the private right had destroyed
the public right"
He said power of congress was not
an emergency power" and recited
the congressional power to fix rates,
prohibiting rebates and a myriad" of
regulations to protect the public in
terest. He said that power had been
extended to employees, citing the
hours Of service act and others, and
held there was authority of congress
to act because of the failure of the
railroads and employees to reach an
agreement.
Majority Opinion Text.
The majority opinion as delivered
by Chief Justice White, follows:
WAS there power in congress un-
der the circumstances existing to deal
with the hours OF work and wages Of
railroad employees engaged in inter-
state commerce is the principal ques-
ton here to be considered.
"Its solution, as well as that of
other questions which also arise, will
be clarified BY brief statement of
the conditions out of which the con-
troversy arose.
Two systcms controlled in March,
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20
Omaha Will Get Chance
When Cruisers Are Named

Josephus Daniels, secretary Of the
navy, has promised Mayor Dahlman
10 remember Omaha when naming
the new cruisers.
i would be very glad to consider
your suggestion TO name vessel after
Omaha when | come to assign names
to the cruisers authorized by a recent
lct Of congress-" wrote the secretary.
The mayor wired the secretary: an
naming the new battleship cruisers
please remember Omaha, the best
city in the union and the gateway to
the great west. which gave our presi-
lent the grandest reception Of any
:ity in the country, a city ready to
10 its share at the nations CALI
Mayor Dahlman has known Secre-
airy Daniels for twenty years.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20
Mediators Write Managers.

The committee sent the following
letter TO Elisha Lee, chairman OF the
conference committee OF the railways.
1--WE are in receipt OF your favor OF
this date. placing in our hands for
immediate adjustment the matter OF
the differences between your commit
tee and the railroad brotherhoods.
we have brought this letter be.
fore the brotherhoods with the state.
ment that in our Judgment it was
advisable to put into effect the pro-
visions Of the Adamson law whether
it be held valid or otherwise. This
was acceptable to them. Thus BY
your own action, urged thereto by the
highest reasons of national concern.
you have avoided national calamity.
I'VE would be delinquent in true
sense Of gratitude il we failed to ex-
press our sincerest appreciation of the
action you have taken. We trust that
It promises a long period of heatry
cooperation between the railroad
arrangements and their employees"
The agreement signed by the rep
i. sss - VI
.ne ioaus ana ny the commission
ieaqs ~ iolioWs.
n ~ Ioad service except passen.
ssl ~nsre seneaules now read loo
miles or less, nine or ten hours or
less, overtime at ten or eleven miles
Per hour, insert 'eight hours or less
ior a basic day and twelve and half
49, IAa t. 4
miles per hour Tor a speed basis, for
INC purpose OF computing overtime.
overtime to be paid tor at not
less than one-eighth OF the daily rate
per hour.
IN all yard service, switching and
hosiery service where schedules now
read ten, eleven or twelve hours or
less shall constitute a days work. in
sert eight hours or less shall consti-
tute days work at present ten hours
pay.
Overtime to be paid for at not less
than one-eighth OF the daily rate per
hour.
In yards now working on an eight
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20

ADJUSTMENTS.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20
BABY is MONARCH
ALWAYS IN OMAHA
Infantry" Probe Reveals Many
Great Men and Women
Were Once Babies.
Low DEATH RATE HERE
By A. R. GRoH.

BY "A. X. GkOH.
Here's bulletin that comes, all pal
oitating and excited, from the chill
iren's bureau, Department of Labor,
Washington, D. C., and tells us that
plans for Baby week are under way
in thirty-four states several state
committees have selected some one
phase of infant welfare for emphasis
this year" and so on.
Why, bless you, children's bureau,
Washington, D. C., every week is
Baby week in Nebraska. We don't
confne the saving Of babies to one
week. Bless you some more. OF
course, we don't.
If you'll look over statistics you
will find that Nebraska has by far the
lowest infant mortality rate among
the states of the union and Omaha
the lowest among the cities Of the
union.
It's q great pleasure to write about
h.h;.s yras once babv myself
w.nw 80 ths ar.s..st ,r.n IA women
y ~. - wo ~, star,ed H. 40 h.h;es
And here's problem for you. What
has become OF the baby that you
once were! 1t hasn't died and yet
it doesn't exist. II has disappeared
s"p's ~; "o ~. $50
Wnere Did bapy Sof
You say you have grown up Yes,
but does that explain the disappear
ance Of the baby? You don't bear
the slightest resemblance to that
eight or ten-pound morsel which, you
were told, was once YOU. Funny, isn't
it,
Turning now from philosophy to
physiology, we remarked that every
week is Baby week in baby-healthy
Nebraska. II is even 70. The baby
exhibit" 10 dated up solid from now
until September.
The exhibit consists OF = large
number Of panels Illustrating every
hing that should be known
ibout baby diseases and how to pre-
vent and cure them and about the
general care OF the baby. II was
assembled BY the Woman's clubs Of
Omaha and Lincoln and the State
Anti Tuberculosis society, Mrs. X. R.
J. Edholm directing the work. II is
sent from one town to another. This
summer it will circulate among
large number of home economics
clubs throughout the state.
The baby exhibit is only one of
many activities continually being car
ried on for baby's health in Nebraska,
and particularly in Omaha.
Omaha is the best place on earth
for children to be born. In Fall
River, Mass, 240 babies out Of every
1000 born die before they reach the
age of one wear. In Omaha less than
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20

as.,gss 4. -.
fror ,r. ~ IL.
h.., kno,~n work.
~ ~. f,uo,,.
r...L .,..l.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20

been going on several weeks and it
is now finished.
The approach that is to be moved
is similar in construction to the main
span, 1000 feet in length, now in use.
lit carries double track and has been
constructed by the same company
that built the main span.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20
Remainder Of U. P. Bridge
Is to Be Moved This Week

Wednesday of this week has been
set as the date for moving the east
approach of the Union Pacifc's new
bridge over the Missouri river into
place. Work on the approach, a steel
truss span 376 feet in length, has
Omaha daily bee., 1917-03-20

Ensna Lee, chairman OF the man
ayers committee, was as follows:
in the national crisis precipitated
by the event of which we heard this
afternoon, the national conference
committee of railroads join with you
in the conviction that neither at home
nor abroad should there be fear or
hope that the efficient operation of
the railroads OF the country will be
hampered or impaired.
Therefore you are authorized to
assure the nation there will be no
strike and as basis for such assur-
ance we hereby authorize the COM
mittee OF the Council OF National De-
Tense to grant to employees who are
about to strike whatever adjustment
your committee deems necessary to
guarantee the uninterrupted and eff
cient operation OF the railroads as an
indispensable arm Of national de-
Tense"
Statement by Mediators.
The mediation negotiations and
their results are summed up in the
following statement issued at 6
o'clock this morning by the commit
tee from the Council Of National De-
Tense:
1--WE desire to express our appre-
citation OF the large and patriotic ac-
ton Of the railway managers COM
mittee, which has put beyond perad-
venture the possibility OF a nation
wide railroad strike. The railroads
have met the full demand OF the
Adamson eight-hour law. This con-
cession was secured as the culmina-
ton Of two days and nights of nego-
tiation.
Our first effort was to secure a
postponement of the strike, which
was fixed for Saturday night. This
postponement was secured by pre-
senting to the railway managers a
memorandum agreement drafted by
the brotherhoods which, with some
particularly, expressed the pro-
visions Of the Adamson law. We
asked the railways to agree, that
il the Adamson law was held to be
constitutional, this construction and
application would be given to it. The
railways agreed to this at joint ses-
sion between the brotherhood chiefs
and the managers. And with much
difficulty the chiefs stayed the strike,
an act that was vital to the success Of
our efforts at further mediation.
1--WE next sought some adjustment
that would be effective should the
law be held unconstitutional. In
this regard many propositions were
made to both sides until the railroads
expressed q willingness to place the
whole matter in the hands Of the
committee. This action proceeded,
as the letter OF the railway managers
states, from desire to demonstrate
to the country that the railroads
would not allow their own concep-
ton Of railroad policy to stand in the
way of the fullest use of the roads at
time OF severe national strain. The
committee considered the matter and
decided that in view Of the action Of
congress in passing the Adamson
law and the necessity for immediate
action, It was best to adopt at once
the memorandum agreement OF the
previous day as applicable under all
conditions. Then the provisions Of
the eight-hour law, by agreement be-
tween the roads and the men, became
the basis of the settlement, and
whether the supreme court holds for
the aylidity OF the law or against it,
there will be no strike.
"(Signed)
FRANKLIN X. LANE.
Nv. B. WILSON,
DANIEL WILLARD,
SAMUEL GOMPERS."
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15

The Journal for good printing
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
KILLS HUSBAND AND
 HER SIX CHILDREN
Negress Murders Her Husband and Six Children While
 They lay Asleep

Nashville, March 12.-Be- cause Addie Green, negress, was tired of her husband, Will Green, 40 years old, she killed him and her six children with an axe as they lay asleep in their home in the Black Land community, eight miles south of here, Saturday night. The children ranged from three to Il years old.
 The negress admitted toSher- if Roy Milwee, who arrested her without difficultyin a patch of wooded land near her home, that she slew her spouse. She said she did not remember kill ing the children. It is believed the negress is insane.
 The negress notified neigh. bors of the crime. It was learn. ed afterward that she haC thrown away $40 in bills, al of Greens savings and had bur. jed a small purse containing g few coins. The purse later was dug up.
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
Drives Out Malaria, Builds Up System

The Old Standard general strengthening tonic, GROVES TASTELESS chill TONIC. drives out Malaria, ,enriehes the blood and builds up the sys- fem. A true tonic. For adults and children. Soc.
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
AVOID MISTAKES
No Need For Newark People to Experiment With Such Convincing Evidence
 AT Hand

There are many well-adver' tised kidney remedies on the market today,but none so well recommended in this vicinity as Doan's Kidney Pills. Read the statement of a resident ofNew- port.
 J. A. Baird, PA Main St., Newport, Ark, says; Some times my back was in such bad shape that l could hardly straighten up after stooping. l had dizzy spells and headaches and suffered from rheumtic pains in my limbs. Doan's Kid ney Pills relieved me wonder fully. During the past year, l haven't noticed any backache or other symptoms of kidney trouble"
 Price soc, at all dealers. Don't simply ask for a kidney remedy-get Doan's Kidney Pill-the same that MT. Baird had. Foster -Milburn, Go. Props Buffalo, N. Y. l Advertisement
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
SPECIAL RATES ON
 TO HEAR TAFT

Railroads entering Little Rock will make a special rate of 2 cents per mile during the visit of former President Will liam H. Taft to the city, the low fare to be in effect for three days. This was announced yesterday by w. B. Smith, president of the Little Rock Board of Commerce at Little Rock.
 The 2-cent fare will be in eff feet to Little Rock on March 25 and 26, and on return trips on March 27. The Iron Mountain, Rock Island and Cotton Belt nave agreed to the concession. Mir. Taft will speak in Little Rock March 26 under the aus pices of the Arkansas branch of the League to enforce Peace.
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
5 y y ' &9 Y ' ' ' '
 PAROQUET ITEMS V

z ' ' ' Y ' ' Y ' Y Y
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
JOHN H. PAGE ADVISES
 SHALLOW CULTIVATE 0
Says Farmers Should Raise More Hay and Corn as 1t
 Will be High Priced

Little Rock, Mar. 14.-This IS a good year for Sudan and other early hay crops. Hay is scarce and high priced. So is corn, consequently it is wise to have some produced as early as possible to furnish feed for making the crop. A few acres of spring rye for pasture will help out also. We are now ap- preaching the planting season, and remember the value of making a good seed bed. Use the disk and harrow literally and get the soil thoroughly pull verized before planting. Use a roller if you have one, and break up the clods. Clods are worse than rocks. They are in the way and a nuisance in the cultivation of a crop, and they supply no plant food whatever. The labor used in putting in your crop we'll will be saved in the cultivation, and the increas- led yield in the fall will cause you to keep up the practice when you once begin it. In planting your crops use the level system on all we'll drain ed lands. In wet lands it will be necessary to bed your land Ito afford drainage and protec- tion against spring rains, but If not necessary to bed your land, by all means plant it lev el, and cultivate 1t level. The first few cultivations may be deep, but ofter the roots form and begin to extend out into the middles, cultivate shallow, so you won't break the roots. Remember that the roots feed the plant,and that they getfood from the soil in liquid form. You can see the importance of having loose at planting time, so that the roots when young and tender, can move out in search of food and moisture. You can also see the impor- tance of shallow cultivation later on, so that the roots will not be torn up and broken off. Where land does not drain we'll and it is necessary to bed your land for planting, it is a good policy to make a wide bed, wide enough for two rows. This plan works we'll in most in- stances.
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
NOTICE OF EXECUTORS
 SALE

Notice is hereby given, that by virtue of an order, render ed by the February Termlof the Probate Court of Independence County, Ark, that the under signed, Executor of the last Will and Testament of w. T. Magness, deceased, will on
 SATURDAY. APRIL ', 1917 offer for sale to the highest and best bidder, at the front door of E. E. Aliens store, in the town of Newark, for the purpose of paying the remain ing debts of the estate of w. T. Magness, deceased, the fol- lowing lands, to-wit:
 The N. E. 14 of the N. w. H of Section 9, containing 40 acres, more or less, and the s. w. A of the s. E. 14 of Sec. 5, containing 40 acres, more or less, and all in T. 12, N. R. 4, West.
 Purchaser will be required to pay 4. Of the purchase price in cash, and execute note for the balance of the purchase money, due 7 months afterldate and bearing interest at the rate of ten per cent from date un- til paid, with approved security and a vendors lien will be re- tained on said lands until paid.
 Given under my hand on this the goth day of February, 1917.
 A. A. HENDERSON,
 EXecutor of the estate of w. T. Magness, deceased.
The Newark journal., 1917-03-15
COLLECTORS NOTICE

The undersigned Collector of Revenue for Independence County, Arkansas, will attend in person or by deputy, in each of the townships in Indepen- dence County on the dateshere- after named, fol the purpose of collecting the State, County, Road, School District, Muni- cipal and Improvement District Taxes, assessed and levied against the real and personal property of said county for the year, 1916, as follows:
 Act No. 415, of the Acts of 1911, provides that all taxes levied on real and personal property shall be deemed due and payable at any time from the first Monday in January to and including the 10th day of April in each year, and all such taxes remaining unpaid after the 10th day of April shall be considered delinquent and it is hereby made the duty of the collector to extend a penalty of 10 per cent of all such delinquent tax payers who have not paid their tax es within the time limited.
 The Clerk of the County Court at the time of making