davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

The Woman's Auxiliary to R.. E.
Lee Camp, U. C. ", will meet to-
morrow evening at 1870 o'clock, in
Lee Camp Hall A full attendance
is desired.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

The news of the sudden death Of
Mrs. Bartlett Boiling, nee Miss
Meta Stuart, at her home in Char
lottesville, was received by her rela-
tives in this city yesterday after
noon.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30
Owner

Location of Square feet
Owner Garden in Garden.
AbertE
Mrs Gaines. Asaph PIG
Iones HaI Queen street
226 south Lee street 25D
Frederick G. Ayers l2ll Prince street 4oo
Shinn, south Washington street 324O
south Columbus lao
Edward 1921 south Washington street 6S
Nnackau 2
E. German Rdgey 2, 9Th ST. Cottage Park 10000
j. w. Rodgers, 300 Franklin street 4oo
CLAYTON south 8l5
ohm w. Pendeon
70 I5;oo;ns fired
ouranco M Kersev south
c.rnra Reo+or Pendeon 1886
Mrs Mary Bradley Royal streets 1880
Mildred Moss Asaph street 80
south street l35
Walter Nails Duke 2S
NJ. p MorLou Oronoco street
Robert Eleanor north Columbus 16S
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

DeviIed Crabs, little neck clans anu
clam chowder at Rammels Care.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

Maryland spring chickens at Ram
mel's cafe.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

Mr.. Julian Y. Williams and Mr..
Y. Ward Boswell will address the
Boy Scouts tomorrow evening at
7:45 o'clock, at Scout headquarters,
on corn planting.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

Mrs. J. L. Priddie, of Culpcper,
Va, is a guest at the home of Mr..
and Mrs. J. r. Preston, 3lS south
ROYAL street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

Edward Klock, aged 80, died this
morning at his home, 702 North Pat
rick street. The deceased was a
candy maker by trade. Funeral ar
rangcments have not yet been made.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

Mrs. Amy C. Weech has returned
to the city after spending two weeks
working for the cause of prohibition
in Pennsylvania.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30
Potomac shad and shad roe at Ram,

mel's cafe.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

Bernice Purvis, of North Henry
street has been the guest of his sister,
Mrs. S. s. Carroll, at Congress
E[t:l!its, D. c.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

Edgar Pullman enlisted in Com
pany G. First Virginia Regiment,
Saturday night.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-04-30

The Rev. William Jackson Morton,
rector of Christ Church, has been
quite sick for the past week, at his
home in north Washington street,
but his condition is improving.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17
Profit in First-cIass Seed Corn.

National Crop improvement servIce.1
l have been able to raise 80 bushels
of choice seed corn on an acre seed
plot. For this seed l received an
average of $3.50 per bushel, which
makes a return of $105 for this seed
alone, in addition to 40 or 50-odd
bushels left for feeding purposes.
I have black loan soil that has al
ways been in the highest state OF
fertility. l apply a heavy coat of stable
manure in the fall. pillow the field early
in the spring, disk four times and har-
row until a firm seed bed is obtained.
For seed, used eighteen of the
choicest, highest testing seed ears
which l could secure.
On May 21st I planted, checking
corn into hills forty-two inches each
way. At this time / drilled in $50
pounds per acre of a high-grade. fer.
%tilizer. The corr was given the very
best of care. and as a result of this
intensive cultivation and the balanced
plant.food ration. It matured by the
18th Of September. at which time !
picked thu seed corr and put 1t on
drying racks In q heated drying house
go as to be In irst-classed condition
for buyers.-Helron J. Black, Burling.
ton. Wis.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17

water and then added to the main
solution. Do not use metal vessels. At
ter treating, the potatoes should be
promptly washed in clean water until
all traces of the solution are gone, and
they they should be carefully dried,
the sooner the better.
1t only takes a little time and very
little money to treat all your seed po-
tatoes by either method. and it pays
big in larger yields of better potatoes,
free from disease.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17
TREAT SEED POTATOES
The Prevalence Of Scab on the High
Priced Seed Potatoes This Year
Makes It Imperative That They Be
Treated With Chemicals Before
PLANTING.
National Crop Improvement servlce.l

National Crop Improvement Servlce.]
While the operation of treating Is
comparatively simply, close attention
must be given to the direction and de-
tails followed absolutely. Your care
lessness may mean ruin of the po'
tatoes or danger to children or stock.
Simply-Be Careful.
According to your conditions and
equipment, the seed potatoes may be
treated in crates, loose in barrels or
in sacks. Treatment must be done be-
fore the potatoes are cut or sprouted.
The commonest method is to mix
one pint of formaldehyde Che sure 1t
is full strength) with thirty gallons
of water. Soak the seed stock in this
solution for two hours, just before you
are ready to start cutting. This solu-
ton may be reused two or three
times, if no time is lost between
patches. One of the easiest ways is to
place the solution in a barrel and
place a sackful Of potatoes in 1t at a
time.
Corrosive sublimate is an excellent
chemical to use, ard will kill rhizic'
tonia as well as scab, but it is a dead
ly poison and must be kept where chill
dren or stock will not get it. All yes
sells used with this material should be
carefully cleaned afterwards. II you
prefer this, use four ounces OF cor
rosive. sublimate to thirty gallons OF
water, and soak the potatoes for an
hour and, "a half. The powdered ehemt
col should frst be dissolved In hot
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17
OUR PLATFORM.

National crop Improvement servtce.l
The four fundamentals following are
being taught where grain is a factors
Observation-Disclosures of one variety
of each kind of seed best adapted to
soil and climate.
Second.-The tanning and grading
to obtain a uniform seed, free from
trash, immature grain and weed seeds.
Third.-treatment of grain diseases
by use of fo~rmaldehyde. etc.
Fourth.-Testing for vitality Of ain
seeds with the assistance Of the schooa
children Of the community.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17
PROPER SEEDS
There is Still a Fair Supply Quickly
Available.


National Crop Improvement Service
A great many of our farmers WHY
not plant their full acreage this year
on account of a supposed shortage OF
seeds. We are informed by the whole
sale scotsman in the country and the
various experiment stations in the
states, that there is still a moderate
supply of pedigreed barley and certain
kinds of corn on hand for quick ship.
ment.
Potato is going to be the hardest
seed to obtain. However, in most in
stances, potatoes can go in last. The
advantage of a state Potato Growers
Association was never more apparent
than now.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17

The German pound ig. exactly me-
half a kilogram or about one-tenth
heavier than the American or British
pound.
Horses are now rarely Q on Fifth
avenue, New York.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17
SOCIETY DIRECTORY.

CHAPTER OF ROSE CRoIX-Langdon Chap
ter No. 2, holds regular communications on
the first and third Thursdays of each month
at the Masonic Temple.
WILLIAM FLAcK, w. M.
ROBERT Work, Secretary.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17

LODGEOF OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES No. 8.
holds regular communications on the first and
third Thursdays' of each month at the Masonic
VIM. STEVENSON, V. Nj.
ROBERT WORK, Sec'y.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17

In a formal statement issued at
Bismarck, William LANCER, the attor-
ney general of North Dakota, who
placed himself under the protection of
national guardsmen following the is
suance ola warrant for his arrest at
Minot, declared that he will not re-
turn to Minot until Governor Frazier
wishes him to and that the guardsmen
will prevent any effort that may be
made to arrest him. Governor Fra
Zier feels that he needs me at Bis
marck and l will not return to Minot
until he wishes me to-"
"My life is worth nothing tc me.
Give me IN opportunity to make it
worth something to my country. AS
sign me to any duty, no matter how
hazardous. l have sinned against So
ciety. Give me a chance to atone for
it by rendering the supreme sacrifice,
if that be my fate" This is an eX-
cerpt from the letter a twenty-three-
year-old life prisoner at the state pen
itentiary has sent Governor Lynn j.
Frazier. Another convict, twenty-three
years old, and serving a thirty years
sentence. made a similar appeal.
Defeating its efforts in support OF
the Red Cross fund the Northwest
Caledonian Athletic association, com
prising prominent Scots and those of
Scotch descent from all over the
Northwest, will gather in Grand Forks
for a gigantic celebration Of LOYALTY
day, June 20, when the city will be
the rendezvous of one of the most
notable gatherings in years. A mon
ster parade, which will be participant
ed in by lodges and orders in uniform,
will be headed by the associations
Highland pipers and It's Scotch Kiltie
band of, thirty pieces. Special trains
have been promised from Duluth St.
Paul, Minneapolis and special coaches
from q number Of other points. includ-
Ing Winnipeg.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17

A. E. & A.. M.-Lebanon Lodge holds regular
communications at the Masonic Temple on the
second and fourth Fridays of each month.
M. 1. FORMER. w. NJ.
VIM. STEVENSON, Secretary.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17

o. E.. S.-Langdon Temple holds regular com.
munications on the first and third Tuesdays of
each month at the Masonic hall.
MRS. ALEX. MCLEAN, W. NJ
Mss. hate Work, Sec'y.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1917-05-17

CO F.. No. s0S-St. Alphonsus Court, meets
on the first and third Wednesdays Of each
month in their hall.
JOHN SHEEHAN, G. R.
FRANK J. STABLE Sec'y.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16
Yrs. Roach Attends
War Time Luncheon

KoKoMo, Ind, Nov. 16.-.Mrs. John
e. Moore, president of the Indiana
Federation of Women's Clubs, was
complimented this afternoon at the
meeting of the executive committee of
the organization for her stand for
simple living during war times. A
'fatless" and "meatless" luncheon was
served by Mrs. Moore for her guests.
The executive board appointed COM
mittees and made plans for the coming
years work. The committees, how
ever will not be announced until the
first of the year
The board members present were:
First vice-president, Mrs. E. C. Rump-
Ter, Indianapolis; second vice-president
Mrs. w. w. Reed, Warsaw; recording
secretary, Mrs. Blanche Foster Boruff,
Bedford; corresponding secretary Mrs.
Emogene Taft Lesh, Muncie; treasur-
er, Mrs. w. A. Morris, Frankfort;
auditor, Mrs. A w. Roach, Richmond
trustee, Mrs. Arthur 7. Cox, East Chi
cago; general federation secretary
Mrs. Fred McCulloch, Fort Wayne.
Three members of the board were
| unable to be present. They are Mrs
James P. Goodrich and Mrs. S. F. Par
kins, trustees, and Mrs. Felix T. M
Whittier, director of the general feder
! alton from Indiana, all Of Indianapolis
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16
FSce Pee!;ag Habit
Becoming Fashionable

Women OF fashion and refinement Il
this country as in Europe seem to have
been acquiring the mercoIiZed wax habit,
depending less and less upon cosmetics
for their complexion difficulties. It does
seem lot saner to just peel off the worn
and appearance-now that this can be
done so easily. safely, painlessly and eco
noFnically.
There's no trouble getting mercolized
wax at any drug store Ian ounce will do),
since its virtues have become generally
it-iust as YOU use cold cream, applying
AT night. washing 1t off next morning
The wax takes off the cid scarf skin, in
inv fakes, q little each day. This new
under-skin which gradually appears, ].
velvets soft and beautifully white. rad.
mt with giriish loseliness Any surface
trouble like chaps, piInples, red OF yellow
patches freci<lrs, etc vanlsheS OF course
with the discarded eu;-cie-
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

The thank offering meeting of the
Woman's Home and Foreign Mission
airy society of First English Lutheran
church, which was held yesterday af
ternoon in the church, proved to be
one OF the largest gatherings OF the
year Miss Alice Knollenberg opened
the program by an organ recital fol-
lowed by song service conducted by
Mrs. Charles Johanning. Mrs. f. A.
Dressed had charge Of the devotional
service and also gave talk on
Thanksgiving Mrs. Fred Bartel and
Mrs. F. w. Kruger sang duet. Mrs.
j. Herschel Coffin gave the address
of the afternoon, speaking on the work
that might be done by missionary So
cieties combining their efforts.
DR.. and Mrs. J. 8. King will leave
Tuesday for Hattiesburg, where they
will visit their son, Lieutenant Keno
phon King, who is located at Camp
Shelby
Mrs. Ada B. Converse is the guest
of Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Bethard OF the
Arden Apartments Mrs Converse is
a former resident of this city
Women Of Reid Memorial church
will have bazaar and market in a va
cant room on Main street, Saturday,
December Women who are making
articles for the sale are asked to
have them at the church before that
date
Mrs Mary Joiner of Newcastle was
the guest Of friends here yesterday.
Mrs. H. T. Fox of Hagerstown and
Mrs. John LontZ are the guests of Mrs.
Ella Jones in Muncie.
The regular meeting OF the Tourist
club will be held this evening with
Misses Eleanor and Frances Robinson
at their home, 316 North Eleventh
street Mrs Florence P. Lodwick and
Wilfred Jessup will give papers.
The Eastern Star will hold meet
ing tomorrow evening in the Masonic
temple Each member is asked to
bring at least one can of fruit to be
donated to the Masonic home in Frank.
lin. ..
The d. A. R. will hold it's regular
meeting tomorrow afternoon with Mrs
E. B. Grosvenor at her home, Is North
Eleventh street. Reports from the
state convention recently held in In
dianapolis, will be given by several
of the members who attended.
Miss katherine Frederick will leave
Monday for India. where she
will enter the I! IT school fol
nurses at st. Vince, spital,
Mrs. Don Sanger of Dayton, O., is
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16
The next meeting of the club will be 4
December with Mrs. Laura Ferguson. Il

The next meeting of the club will be
December 6 with Mrs. Laura Ferguson.
Miss Marjorie Meagan has returned
from Detroit, Mich, where she has
been visiting with DIR. and Mrs. Lloyd
Rogers. She attended the Michigan
Cornell football game at Anne Harbor,
Saturday.
Mrs. Levi Rhoads entertained mem
bers of the Needlecraft club Wednes-
day afternoon at her home. The fol
lowing officers were elected: Presi-
dent, Mrs. Bertha Larsh; vice-presi-
dent, Mrs. Helen Cox, and secretary,
treasurer, Mrs. Jessie Norris. Mrs.
Earl Brandenburg gave an lnteesting
paper on the war work which Rich
mond women did during the Civil war.
The club members discussed the food
conservation movement and several
cards were signed. About twenty
guests were present. Dainty refresh
ments were served by the hostess.
The regular Friday evening dance
will be held this evening by Mr.. and
Mrs. Bert Kolp in the /. 0. o. F. hall
at 9 o'clock. Kolp five piece orchestra
will furnish the music,
Frank F. Lancaster left this morn
ing for Dayton where he has enlisted
in the aviation corps.
| The meeting of the McCauley Mis-
| sion band which was to have been
i held tomorrow afternoon with Mrs. Os-
car Green has been postponed for one
| week
Mrs. Samuel Buckley has returned
!. from Lafayette where she has been
visiting her daughter, Helen, who is
| attending Purdue University.
/ Secretary Ross Hadley of the
Friends Foreign Mission board is at
tending the Baltimore Yearly meeting
Before returning home Mr.. Hadley will
attend a conference of Secretaries OF
the different branches of the board
and will also attend an African Miss
ionary conference. He will return tt
Richmond in time for Thanksgiving.
Former Editor S. E. Nicholson Of
| the American Friend who is connected
with the National Anti-Saloon league
will leave next week for Philadelphia
where he will visit relatives He vii
be accompanied by Mrs. Nicholson
They will attend the national conven
ton of the w. c. T. u. in Washington
DR.. L. M. Gentle has left for an ex
tended trip to New Orleans, and othe
points in the south. He will visit hi:
brother, James Gentle, at PaScagonla
Miss, while gone.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

guests yesterday of Mr.. and Mrs. Rob
ert Study at their home in Reeves
ton.
Mrs. John Quill and Miss Grace
Quill of Eaton, O.. spent yesterday
with Mrs. George A. Reid.
The Star Bible class Of Second Pres
byterian church held its regular
monthly business and social meeting
at the home of Mrs. William Beemer,
Wednesday evening. About twenty
five members were present. After the
routine business and program, social
hour was enjoyed. Dainty refresh
ments were served by the hostess as
sisted by Mrs. Max Quigley.
Miss Emma Lindemuth was hostess
yesterday for the meeting of the Alice
Carey club. Mrs. Alice Price read a
paper on Red Cross work. After some
discussion, it was decided to sew for
the Red Cross at each meeting Of the
club. Mrs. Don Sanger of Dayton, O.,
was a guest of the club. Delicious re-
freshments were served in the dining
room by the hostess. Pink carnations
were used on the table for decorations
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

bills for the reform Of the upper and
lower houses of the Saxon diet.
1t is proposed to establish an insti-
tute for southeastern Europe and Tur-
key at the University of Leipzig.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16
PROMISES REFORMS

AMSTERDAM, Nov. 1.-THE king
of Saxony in speech from the throne
at the opening of the landtag promised
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

Mrs. Sarah Rifle has returned to
her home in Tampa, Fla, after an ex-
tended visit with friends here Mrs
Rifle is a former resident of Rich
mond.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

the guest of her cousin, Miss Emma
Lindemuth.
The Golden Rule Bible class of the
First Methodist church will hold
market at Conkey's drug store, No
rember "a
Mrs. George w. Davis was hostess
yesterday afternoon for a meeting of
the Golden Rule Bible class and the
Foreign Missionary society of First
Methodist church. Mrs. Frank r. Nc
Fail had charge Of the devotional SER
vices. Mrs L. E. Turner gave a read
ing and Miss Mildred Ramsey gave a
piano selection. After the program re-
freshments were served to forty
guests.
William Price, who has been attend
ing school in Munsing, Mich. will ar
rive Sunday to spend several weeks
with his mother, Mrs. Mary Price The
!, school has closed down because of the
war and Mr.. Price expects to go to
Arizona to spend the winter.
Miss Harriet Nichols and Dale
friends in the city Wednesday. Mr..
Shreve is former resident of this
city.
Tomorrow is market day for the
Domestic Science association. Canned
goods, and all kinds of cakes and pies
will be on sale in the MCGUIRE build
ing. The sale will begin at 10 o'clock
and the public is invited to use this
| opportunity to supply themselves with
! canned fruit for the winter
Mrs. Sarah Rifle has returned to
/ her home in Tampa, Fla, after an ex-
| tended visit with friends here Mrs
| Rifle Is former resident of Rich
| mond.
Mrs Louisa Study of Winchester,
and son Carl, of New York City were
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

Mrs. Louisa Study Of Winchester,
and son Carl, of New York City were
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

DR.. L. M. Gentle has left for an ex-
tended trip to New Orleans, and other
points in the south. He will visit his
brother, James Gentle, at Pascagonla,
Miss, while gone
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

Miss Harriet Nichols and Dale
Shreve of Muncie were guests Of
friends in the city Wednesday Mr..
Shreve is a former resident of this
CITY
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

Miss katherine Frederick will leave
Monday for India. 5 where she
will enter the t.. liz school for
nurses at st. Vince, spital.
Mrs. Don Sanger of Dayton, o., is
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1917-11-16

The D. A. r. will hold it's regular
meeting tomorrow afternoon with Mrs
E. B. Grosvenor at her home, Is North
Eleventh street. Reports from the
state convention recently held in In
dianapois, will be given by several
of the members who attended.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-07-17
In a Commercial Way.

F. G. Freeman has sold his grocery
business at Jerome.
F. S. Smith has succeeded Stewart
& Smith, general merchants at Har-
ward.
The Erb Hardware Co. has pur-
chased the stock of the West End
Hardware Co. at Culdesac.
]. b. Cox will move the Kellogg
grocery store at Kellogg into the room
formerly occupied by the Harris Bros.
Drug Co.
The Cottonwood Hardware Co. at
Cottonwood have rented the Robert.
son building and will use it for a gar.
age in connection with their business
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-07-17
THE BOOMERS FERRY HERALD
c. w. KING. Editor.
Established in 1891.

Published every Friday at Boomers
Ferry, Idaho, in the interests of the
Kootenai Valley Of Idaho. Entered as
second class matter, January 1, 1906,
at the postoffice at Boomers Ferry.
Idaho, under the Act Of Congress Of
March 3, 1879.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-07-17

Subscription rates, s1.50 per year II
paid in advance; $500 otherwise; Can
ada and foreign countries, $500 yearly
In advance.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-07-17
AUTO STAGE
D. n. Chisholm, Prop.

AUTO STAGE
D. n. Chisholm, Prop.
SCHEDULE
Leave Boomers Ferry (oppo-
site postoffice) --..-....--.----..-7:00 a. m.
Leave Porthill ...-.............12:30 p. m.
SUNDAY SCHEDULE
On trip each way.
Leave Boomers Ferry--.---.--.-..-1:OO p. m.
Leave Porthill ------.-----------.-----1.OO p. m.
Fare one way to Porthill -----.--------S2.OO
Fare one way to Copeland 1.25
Freight and Express, per parcel so
Accidents excepted, we make con-
nections with all G. N. and S. L..
trains.