davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
FOR WORLD TRIBUNAL
TO SETTLE DISPUTES
Separate Resolution Would Empower
President to Negotiate In
ternational Treaties.

A resolution declaring it to be the
sense of the Senate that the President
at the close of the European war should
endeavor to negotiate a treaty with
the powers of the world to constitute
an international judicial tribunal to
settle disputes, introduced today by
Senator Shafroth, was referred to the
foreign relations committee without
debate.
The proposed tribunal would be pro-
portionately supported by the naval.
military and financial aid of the sub
scribing nations sufficiently to enforce
its DEGREES and the treaty for its ere
alton would recognize the territorial
integrity OF all subscribers at the time
of ratification. All disputes threaten
ing war between signatory powers
would be submitted to the tribunal
which would be composed OF an equal
number from each interested country
and at least one chosen by mutual
agreement or by lot Its decision
would be promulgated as a decree and
be binding.
the treaty propose reduction of the
military and naval forces of all sub
ecribing nations to limit agreed upon
but sufficient in each case for a nation
to enforce its domestic laws.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Declares Die Is Cast.

The Handelsblad asks whether there
is any connection between German con-
centrations and Notifications on the
Dutch eastern frontier and the threat
of the new submarine warfare. Re
garding Hollands action, the newspa-
tude of the United States and that if
that country abides by the conten-
ton of her own notes she will be
obliged to declare war on Germany.
Pointing out that no Dutch ship now
can leave Holland without crossing either
the German or British blockaded areas
the HandelSbIad says the British have at
least the semblance of an effective block
ade, while the new German order, in its
essence, bears nothing of the character of
a blockade.
LONDON, February "a dispatch to
Reuters Telegram Company from AM
sterdam says the TELEGRAPH considers
that the German notes create an espe
cially serious situation. because Hol-
land will now see that, as she is aware
that she cannot win, Germany is having
recourse to this desperate action.
THE time has come now or never will
come" the TELEGRAPH continues. when
the Dutch nation must ask itself on
which side it's interests will be safest,
and the reply Is not doubtful. We have
everything to expect from the entente
allies. They may put difficulties in our
way, but they have not torpedoed our
ships and do not threaten to murder our
sailors and passengers. We must
protest more theoretically and strongly
than heretofore when one of our ships
is sent to the bottom
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Saws Saner View Has Come
of Future War Conditions

Secretary Redfield told the conven-
ton of the Chamber OF Commerce of the
United states in an address today that.
"the period of transition from war CON
ditions to peace conditions in our in
dustries has already begun He de-
clared munitions orders are being sup
PLANTED by demands for products which
compose normal exports in peace times.
."rhe change has come almost I'M
noticed" said the Secretary. 'at the
very time when many voices were
raised to say it could only come with
a shock The drift on this side of the
sea has been toward placing munition
orders in Canada. rather than with us.
In our own land the orders have
changed from finished munitions to de-
nands for the materials out of which
munitions can be MADE. These ma
terials are in chief part our normal
product in times of peace.
Furthermore, saner view has
come of what we may call future war
conditions. 1t is now well understood
that belligerent nations are looking
rather toward guiding their imports
than toward pouring forth upon our
feeble and unprotected heads vast
volume Of finished products, accumu-
lated with fell intent"
Predicting growth of the spirit of
co-operation to replace competition in
business dealings MIR. Redheld said:
I'VE recognize that America must face
tho world with her great commercial
and financial interests. not having lost
their individuality, but vet no longer
a congerieS of unrelated parts: rather
one whole. working for the common
good"
ter cost and accounting methods. and
advocated establishment OF metric
system of weights and measures. chief
~ To assist foreign trace
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
WEST HAS COLD WAVE
Chicago Awakes to Find the Mercury
Ten Below Zero-Low Records
in Other Cities.

CHICAGO, February . Chicagoans
awoke today after the coolest night of the
winter, the temperature at daybreaii be-
ing 10 degrees below zero. A forecast is
sued by the weather bureau indicated that
the temperature today might reach IL
degrees below zero and that no relief was
in sight for at least two days
Reports received from the section i'm
mediately tributary to Chicago indicated
that the temperature ranged as low as
20 degrees below zero. In Ottumwa Iowa
the temperature ranged from % below to
~ below. the latter figure being reported
as official at the city hall
Omaha had temperature of 90 degrees
below zero: Lincoln. Neb 20 below
Norfolk, Neb.. 26; Sioux City, Iowa. 81
Sioux Falls, S. D.. 81 Winner, s. D., SO
below.
AT Quincy. Ill, the mercury this Morn
ing registered - below zero. the coolest
since 1912, and the river channel was
frozen so solidly that wagons were being
hauled across the ice.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
TAKE A LOOK AT THIS
THEN PREPARE TO SILVER

Five, degrees above zefo is the cold
prospect held out by the weather bu-
meau to the National Capital for to-
morrow morning.
AS cold as that will be, there is a
bright side to the picture. For in
STANCE the tidal basin, on which the ice
today is too thin to permit skating
may freeze up hard enough for skating
tomorrow.
And then-think of Chicago, where
thermometers this morning registered
10 degrees below zero. Also bring to
mind the far northwestern states,
where temperatures were 20 to 40 de-
grees below zero.
Tonight and tomorrow night will be
the coolest nights of the present cold
wave the weather bureau states and
no relief is held out until Sunday, at
least. when il may warm up bit, but
not very much.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Possible Procedure.

As a step in this neutral combina-
ton idea the thought was put forth
that the United States, instead of hand
ing Won Bernstorff his passports at
once, may first direct Ambassador
Gerard to leave Germany, and probably
has done so already.
This would be in the nature of a re-
buke to Germany. leaving to that coun-
try and her allies the act of recalling
their representatives here.
The recall of Ambassador Gerard
would differ little in effect, 1t is be-
lieved. from the sending of Won Fern
storR out of the United States. being "A
shifting of the onus of results to Ger
many instead of taking the Initiative
here. Some officials today thought this
might have been the decision of the
President, in view of TIE failure of
Secretary Lansing to deny that Am
bassador Gerard has received instruc-
lions from the state Department
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
SIZES RAvENsW0oD co.
Washington Heights Traction Seeks
IN Recover $4,000.

William A. Clark. former senator
from Montana, and the Ravenswood
Company. a corporation, are named as
defendants in a suit to recover $4,000
damages filed in the District Supreme
Court nv the East Washington Heights
Traction Railroad Company Service OF
process was secured on Senator clark
as he was about to enter taxicab on
his way to the station from the court
house. where he had been in attend
ance at the trial OF his suit to estab-
lish a lien of two lost notes, aggregat-
ing $17,500. against certain land across
the Anacostia river.
The railroad company, through At
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
PARLIAMENT CAUTIONED
BY SPANISH PREMIER
Urges Calmness and Says Govern
ment Will Refuse to Discuss Ger
man Note in Either House.
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
MADRID. February l. via Paris. Feb
ruary .. 1885 a.m-The minister of ths
interior has announced that the war and
navy departments have given the naval
and military authorities instructions re-
quired by the gravity of the circum-
stances. Premier Romanones conferred
with United States Ambassador Willard
He also received the president of the
Mediterranean Maritime Federation. who
informed him that the federation had ten
ships at sea with safe conducts given
by German conSuls.
Later the premier announced that al
though Spain had entered a diiIicult
hour the government would neither
close parliament nor suspend the con
stltutional guarantees. He decIa ed
however, that the administration would
refuse to discuss the German note in
either house. and urged every one 10
keep calm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN SHIPS
INTERNED AT AMERICAN PORTS
Total of 105 Vessels Which Are Liable to
Seizure in Case United States Declares
War-Aggregate Tonnage, 662,513.

with all yards busy and all skilled Ia
Dor employed.
Such of them as are passenger ships
might require considerable remodeling
to equip them either for naval auxiliary
service or for freight business. But
the German ships are well constructed
and fairly spe sdy.
OF the los vessels in American ports,
fourteen of them are Austrian. The
tonnage of these Austrian ships is
67,S17 gross. There are seventy-one or
the 105 vessels in ports of continental
United States: twenty-three In the
Philippines; one at Page Page, Pacific
Islands: one at Porto Rico, and nine in
the Hawaiian Islands.
Thirty at Port Of New York.
There are thirty vessels in asylum in
the port of New York. Boston harbor
has the next greatest number in con-
tinental United States. seven vessels.
There are three at Baltimore, three at
Philadelphia, two at Norfolk, one at
Savannah, one at Charleston, two at
Southport, N. c.: one at Jacksonville
one at Tampa, three at Pensacola, hve
at New Orleans and two at Galveston
ON the Pacific coast there are three
vessels at San Francisco, two in AS
toria. one at Winslow. Wash; one at
Seattle and one at Portland.
A complete list of these vessels. their
names, tonnage. crew, ownership and
capacity, is given here. The asterisk
indicates Austrian ships:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
CONDEMNS GERMAN NOTE.
Expresses Irony and ''Atrocious
Threat" Swiss Editor Says.

GENEVA. Switzerland. via Paris,
February 2.-Georges Wagniere. editor
of the Journal de Geneva. comment
ing on the German note, says:
1.-The answer of the imperial govern
ments to the nobly inspired message of
President Wilson begins with irony.
continues in a bitter political tone and
ends with an atrocious threat. No
such hard and violent words have been
uttered from official quarters since the
outbreak of the war. 1t is then war to
the knife and neutrals are to suffer
as much as belligerents.
president Wilson. who protested
with such power against violations of
law and the horrors of human mas
sacre in his message, cannot accept
this "Reminiscences of atrocities and
those threats directed against the
ships of his own country. To a noble
gesture of appeasement and concilia-
ton Germany answers by Veritable
proVocation. 1t is now Americas turn
to reply
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Will Discuss Babylonian Art.

"Babylonian Art and Biblical
Imagery" is to be the subject of the
last of four lectures by Prof. Ismar J.
PERTH of Syracuse University this aft
ernoon at $40 o'clock at the American
Massachusetts and Nebras-
ka avenues. Jerusalem, Ancient and
NIodern" formed the theme of yester-
days lecture by DIR. PERTH. The lecture
was accompanied by nearly 100 slides
the archaeological remains
of Jerusalem.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
REPULsE THREE ATTACKS.
Russians Check Germans East of
Jacobeni in Rumania

PETROGRAD. February British
admiralty per Wireless Press) .-Three
attacks on Russian positions east of
Jacobeni, on the northern end of the
Rumanian front, were repulsed, the war
office announces.
More than 1000 prisoners were taken
during the fighting of Tuesday in the
Jacobeni region. One cannon and ten
machine guns also were captured.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
IS MENACED
BY U-BOAT CAMPAIGN
Industries May Be Paralyzed and
Feeding Of Population
Threatened.
Holland. February l.

AMSTERDAM, Holland. February l,
via London, February 2.-"Germany's
new blockade measures constitute for
Holland perhaps the most serious event
since the outbreak of the war;" says
the News an dem Dag. IF these
measures could be applied fully they
would expose all goods in transit at sea
to such risks that our industry would
be paralyZed entirely and the feeding
of our people would be menaced very
seriously. Even if Germany does not
succeed entirely in carrying out her
threat the dangers at sea will be in
creased immensely"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Danish Steamers to Cancel sailings.

COPENHAGEN via London. February
2-Danish export steamers carrying
agricultural products and mails to Eng
land will discontinue their sailings. as
will the ships of various other coun-
tries Five Americans. including a
negro. were aboard the British steamer
Yarrowdale which was captured by a
German raider in the south Atlantic.
The men had been informed in Germany.
but were released and sent to Copen-
hagen. They are now being forwarded
TO England by the British consul.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
DUTCH AWAIT U. S. REPLY.
Brokers to Lay Up Ships if Answer
to German Note Is "Paper Protest.

LONDON. February 9, 1858 pm.-one
OF the largest Dutch ship brokers
stated on the receipt of the German
note outlining the new naval policy
that Dutch shippers would wait to see
whether the United States would take
quietly Gemanys breach of her agree
ment." SAYS an Evening News dispatch
from Rotterdam.
IF nothing more than a paper pro-
test follows" adds the dispa tch, the
firms would lay up their ships.
"All arrangements for ratloninG Hol-
land have been completed. Although
il was not intended that they take
effect until February Is. it is under
stood that they can be put into execu-
ton immediately
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Tennessee May Ie "Rone Dry

NASHVILLE. Tenn, February 2-The
Tennessee senate Wednesday passed a
bill intended to make the state bone
drv" after March i, and restricting the
amount of LIQUOR any person may re-
ceive from the time the bill is adopted
by the house and signed by the gov
ernor until March l to one gallon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Calls for sapporr OF President.

COLUMBUS, Ohio, February BY a
unanimous vote. the lower house of the
Ohio legislature this morning adopted
a resolution introduced by Representa-
tive John Chester. republican, of Paul
ding county, calling upon citizens of
Ohio to stand behind President Wilson
during the present international Crisis
A copy of the resolution will be sent
to the President.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
SAY GERMANY INJURIES
INTERESTS Of NEUTRALS
Emphatic Comment by Buenos Aires
Papers on Berlin Note to
United States.

BUENOS AIRES, February 1.-The
Buenos Aires newspapers comment in
emphatic language on the German note
to the United States La Razon says:
"Germany's action is injuring the
interests of the neutrals. who, in the
future. will find themselves isolated
The issue that confronts the American
nations is growing more difficult. 1t is
impossible to view with Indifference
this attempt to monopolize the seas
THE United States will not agree to
this latest political move on the part
of Germany. AS to ourselves, we will
second every move intended to free
our commerce from the risks arising
from the war. We are confronted with
a very grave issue. We must prepare
ourselves for serious contingencies
we hope we shall not be obliged to
take the initiative"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
u. S. BUSINESS men
BEHIND PRESIDENT
Chamber of Commerce Pledges
Support in Present Ma
tionaI Crisis.
ALSO FOR PREPAREDNESS

The convention of the Chamber
of Commerce OF the United States,
representing the business inter-
csts Of the country" adopted n
resolution today expressing pro-
found appreciation Of the gravity
of international condifions." and
''solemnIy pIedgfng themselves to
stand behind the President of the
pose, whatever the eventuality..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02

torneys Wilton ]. Lambert and D. W.
Baker, says that June %, 1916, bonds
of the face value of $4,000 were given
to the defendants and that they Con-
verified the bonds to their own use"
The papers do not contain the details
of the transaction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Lectures on America,

Rev. A. H. Zimmerman gave an Illus
trated lecture last night at the Cherry
dale M. e. Church. Cherrydaie, Va, on
America, the Land of Greatness"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02

In ports under the dominion of the
American people - continental United
States or elsewhere-there are, in asy-
lum. los German and Austrian vessels.
The total tonnage of these vessels is
662,513 tons
Should war with Germany be de-
clared these vessels would be at the
mercy of the United States. Their seiz-
ure by American authorities might pro-
vide a considerable naval auxiliary for
our fleets in any enterprise across seas;
much needed, as all experts agree that
no considerable part of our navy could
cross the ocean without being depen-
dent for coal and supplies upon an aux
iliary of ships of other nations.
Addition to Existing Tonnage.
The tonnage would be a considerable
addition to the existing tonnage of the
merchant marine of the United States
engaged in 'transoceanic traffic. To a
certain extent the acquisition of such
merchant fleet, even if for the time
applied to war purposes. might simplify
the first stages of the shipping board
to create a merchant marine, now Grip
pied by the scarcity of ships for pur-
chase, by the difficulty of construction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
DAY IN CONGRESS.
Sennte:

Agreed TO vote Monday after
noon on repassage of the vetoed
immigration bill.
Bill for immediate construction
of 100 submarines introduced by
Senator Poindexter.
Senator Shafroth proposed reso-
luton to urge President to nego-
tiate international joint tribunal
treaty with other nations for set
Element of disputes.
Adopted resolutions directing
Attorney General to investigate
operations of the New York Cot
ton Exchange.
Resumed debate on water power
bill.
House:
Met at noon.
Began debate on naval appro-
priation bill.
Post office committee arranged
hearing next Wednesday on Sen
ate bill prohibiting newspapers
bearing liquor advertisements
from being mailed into dry ter
ritory.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Will Interpellate Ministers.

In spite of the premier's statement
that discussion of the German note in
the cortes would not be countenanced
by the government. deputies and sena-
tors interested in shipping Informed
him that they intend to interpellate the
ministers.
Addressing the chamber of deputies
Premier RomanoneS said:
Yesterday afternoon the ambassa-
doris of the central empires handed the
Spanish government a communication.
making known the arg 'ments that the
note relative to the blockade of Eng
land. France. Italy and the eastern
Mediterranean would contain.
The government cannot deny the
great Importance of this fact to Spain.
but the life of the nation must not
cannot, will not be Interrupted"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Varied Appeals to President.

Several hundred kilograms bear
ing on the. submarine question
arrived at the White House dur
ini, the day Signed by individu-
ais and organizations. nRany urged
the President to maintain peace,
while some counseled drastic. &C
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02
Says No Reply Was Needed.

Ell Diario says: The very important
message delivered by President Wilson
was intended for the American people
No reply by Germany was needed. The
German note is clever move to have
the United States swallow an unappe-
tizing morsel. Its only aim is to screen
the accompanying memorandum
This perfdious and hypocritical
note mentions Ireland and India, but
forgets Poland. Lorraine and the Dam
lsh provinces. 1t does not mention the
many nations reduced to slavery by
Germany's allies Germany repudiates
alliances. forgetting that she herself
established the triple alliance. which
Obliged other nations to ally them
selves.
ITO promote her national evolution
there was no need to invade her neigh
boris territories. Germany is resorting
to falsehoods, because she dare not can
didly expound to the United States her
new program for a naval war, which is
the greatest crime against the freedom
of the seas. Germany is not true to her
pledged word. The note is an Insult to
the United States. Washington cannot
possibly admit Germanys impudent
pretenSiOnS.N
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-02

deprive Germany of German provinces
In tho west and east. to destroy Aus
Hungary and to annihilate Turkey.
IN waging war with such aims the en-.
tente allies are violating all rules Of
international law, as they prevent the
legitimate trade OF neutralS with the
central powers and of the neutrals
among them selves. Germany has. SO
Tar. not MADE unrestricted use OF the
weapon which she possesses In her
submarines.
Forced to Use Her Submarines.
since the entente powers. however.
have made 1t impossible to come to an
understanding based upon equality of
rights Of all nations, as proposed by
the central powers, and have instead
declared only such a peace to be pos
sible which shall be dictated by the
entente allies and shall result in the
destruction and the humiliation of the
central powers, Germany Is unable
further to forego the full use of her
submarines
''The imperial government, there
fore. does not doubt that the gov
eminent of the United States will un-
derstand the situation thus forced
upon Germany by the entente allies
brutal methods of war and by their
determination to destroy the central
powers, and that the government of
the United States will further realize
that the now openly disclosed inten-
tion OF the entente allies gives back to
Germany the freedom of action which
she reserved In her note addressed to
the government of the United states
on May 4, 1916.
Gives Notice of Death Zone.
Under these circumstances Germany
will meet the illegal measures of her
enemies by forcibly preventing after
February 1. 1917, in zone around
Great Britain. France. Italy and in the
eastern Mediterranean. all navigation,
that of neutrals included, from and to
England and from and to France, etc.
etc. All ships met within that zone
will be sunk.
The Imperial government is con-
fdent that this measure will result
IN speedy termination of the war
and IN the restoration of peace, which
the government o. the United states
has so much at heart. Like the gov
eminent of the United States. Germany
and her allies had hoped 10 reach this
goal by negotiations.
Now that the war. through the fault
Of Germany'S enemies, has to be con-
tinued the imperial government feels
sure that the government Of the United
States viii understand the necessity OF
adopting such measures as are des-
tined to bring about q speedy end OF
the horrible and useless bloodshed. The
imperial government hopes all the
more for such an understanding of
her position, as the neutrals have,
under the pressure of the entente pow
ers suffered great losses, being forced
by them either TO give up their entire
trade or to limit 1t according to con-
ditions arbitrarily determined by Ger
many's enemies, IN violation OF inter-
national law