davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
TO BUILD ROADS IN FRANCE

Paris, July 19.-Official announce
ment is made that the United States
transport service is taking control of
the French railroad lines from the
post basis to the permanent American
camp and the front. Tracks are be-
ing laid The roads will be manned
by American engineer regiments
American locomotives will be used.
A section of the French state forests
has been turned over to the United
States. American lumbermen will
take out lumber for railroad ties, bar
racks and other purposes. In addition
thirty thousand tons of lumber will
be imported from America monthly.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
QUOTA EACH STATE MUST RAISE
BY DRAFT FOR NATIONAL ARMY


The quotas assigned
the allotment each
the
National of the
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
TOLD BRIEFLY
THE NEWS OF SEVEN
DAYS IN ALL LANDS
War News.

There has been no relaxation in the
intensity of the fighting between the
French and the Germans on various
sectors of the southern line in France
from the region of scissors eastward
toward the Champagne and into the
district northeast of Verdun centering
about the famous Hill 304.
r r f.
The Russians in east Ga1icia have
been forced for strategic reasons TO
evacuate the town of KalusZ and take
up positions on the southern side of
the Lomnica river. The important
crossing of the Lomnica was made Sc
cure by the troops of General Brus-
siloff after they made their retreat
r. + f.
Uncertainty as to Greece's status in
the world war was cleared away with
the receipt of official information that
the Greek government not only has
severed relations with all four of the
central powers, but is actually in a
state of war with them
r r r.
The whole Russian front. from the
Gulf of Riga to Rumania, is reported
in official dispatches from Petrograd
with battle The Germans are said
to be rushing up troops from the Ital-
ian and French fronts, and to be en-
tire1y rearranging their positions.
r r +
Attacks by Russian troops in the
Lodziany region southwest of Ka1usz
in eastern Galicia, resulted in the Aus
TRANS losing their positions, 1000 men
oT,n1- of
the war office announced. Elsewhere
the Russians held their ground
against attacks and took more than
six hundred additional prisoners.
+ r r.
A double victory has been scored by
the French among the clunp of hills
known as the Moronvilliers Massif, to
the west of Reims, as L result of well
conceived plans and brilliantly exc
cuted tactics.
r. r. r.
On front of nearly fifty miles from
Halicz to the foothills of the Carpa-
thians the Russians have advanced
westward across the Lomnica and
north across the Dniester, capturing
several villages and important enemy
positions.
Rather violent artillery fighting took
place to the southeast of St. Quentin
and to the south of Pargny-Fi1ain,
says a French statement. Later the
Germans violently bombarded Rheims,
1000 shells falling in the city. On
July 9 and 10 ten German airplanes
were brought down on the French
front and eighty enemy machines fell
within the German lines, seriously
damaged.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
Just So.

what do you think of fish crops for
farmers ?'
Just the thing. Then the hired
man could excuse himself for going
fishing at a busy season on the ground
that he was fish harvesting"
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
Convinced.

DO you believe dreams ever come
true?" asked the landlady.
yes replied the candid boarder.
I'm quite sure some of them do. Last
night / dreamed that the cup of coffee
/ was going to get this morning would
be as weak and indecisive as a man
with a receding chin and no job
Judge.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
RED CROSS BALL BLUE.

That's the idea. A pure blue, true
blue, no dope. Gives to clothes a clear
white, whittier than snow. Be careful.
use the best. Large package, sold by
good grocers only, cents. Ask for 1t
today.-Adv.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26

severe pains in my
back and sides until
/ became SO weak I
could hardly walk
from chair to chair.
and got so nervous
] would jump at the
slightest noise. /
was entirely unfit
to do my house
work, I was giving
up hope of ever be-
ing well, when my
sister asked me Ia
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
Never Satisfied.

"That dog of yours bit a piece right
out of my leg"
"Well, you're never satisfied You
were only telling me the other day
that you wished you could lose some
fiesh-''
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
Washin gton.

The sixteen members of the Wom-
ans party arrested recently in an at
tempt to picket the White House
were sentenced to pay a fine of S25
or serve sixty days in the District Of
Columbia workhouse at Occoquan, Va.
r. r r
Rear Admiral Conway H. Arnold,
u. S. N, retired, is dead at his home
in New York after an illness of seven
months. He was 68 years old. When
he retired in November, 1910, he was
president of the naval examining and
retiring boards.
r r r
A report that a foreign govern
ment has awarded a contract to the
Foundation Company of New York to
build from forty to 100 ships was con-
firmed by Franklin Remington, presi-
dent of the firm, which already is
building, vessels or the United States
and Entente Powers.
r. r. r.
A 10-hour day, pay at 40 cents an
hour, time and a half for overtime and
double time for Sunday work are the
terms which may end 1. w. w. strikes
and disorders for farmers in the
Northwest
Fire believed to have been of in
cendiary origin recently destroyed the
flour mill of Martin Brothers at Kla-
math Falls, Ore, and a large amount
of flour and grain. The loss ON the
mill alone is estimated at 100000 and
on the foodstuffs S300,0O0s
r. r r
Secretary Baker announced recently
that plants for the production of nj
trate from atmospheric nitrogen would
be constructed Immediately at cost
of about 4 million dollars, and that
water power would not be used. Sites
have not been selected.
r r r
Domestic
Calumet, Mich, citizens, aroused
by attempts to foment trouble among
the miners here which they attributed
to the I. w. w. tonight called a mass
meeting for Sunday to organize to
drive the agitators out of the district.
r r +
The war department bill appropriate
ing $640,000,000 for the construction
of $4,000 airplanes passed the house
without a roll call. 1t was amended
only in minor particulars.
Mobilization of the national guard
for war service has begun. While no
orders for embarkation of state troops
for France will be given until August
5, when the entire force will formally
be drafted into the United States
army, there are indications that soma
divisions will be regarded as ready to
board transports soon after that date
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
A Base Materialist.

She-This age we are living in gives
uruch food for thought.
He-Yes, but not much for digestion.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
Retort piscourteous.

She-You don't deserve good WIFE
Her Husband-Well, I got what /
did. Now rub it in.-Judge.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
Too Small For Some PURPOSES

Nearly all the newspapers are be-
ing reduced inssize. notice.
Yes; it seems to be a lucky thing
that bustles are no longer fashion
able"
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
Fueionists May Nominate Mitchell.

New York. July ia municipal
ticket, headed by John PERCY Mitchell,
Democrat, was Endorsed unanimously
by the executive committee of the flu
sion committee of 1917 at a meeting
here last night
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
DESTROYED = Wireless fewer.

Riverhead. N. Y, July 19.-Destruc-
ton of a wireless tower erected here
several years ago, b. Nicola Tesla,
inventor. has been completed by gov
eminent order to prevent its use by
German. spies to transmit information
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26
MRS. KIESO SICK
SEVEN MONTHS
Restored to Health BY Lydia E.
Pmkhams Vegetable Compound.

Aurora, Il.-ssFor seven long months
[ suffered from . female trouble. with
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-07-26

An agreement has been reached IN
der which the Brazilian fleet will as
sumo the responsibility for patrolling
the entire Brazilian coast line from
the Guiana border to the southern
boundary of Brazii-
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20

4 Wenatchee Valley, Washington, has
highly specialized type of agricdl-
,ure It IS a region Of intensive fruit
growing, confined very largely to the
apple. The ranches, in general, are
small, averaging ia acres in size, OF
which 1915 acres are tillable. or the
tfllable land, 6.5 acres were in bearing
apples, O.72 acre IN other fruits, and
O.58 acre in other crops. However,
there are a few large ranches devoted
to fruit growing, some of them en-
bracing several hundred acres each.
The region is not adapted to an exten-
sive type of agriculture. The two pre-
dominant limiting factors are the high
price of land and the small area of ir-
rigable land. Considerable alfalfa is
grown in the valley, but it is largely
grown in young orchards, and at pres
emit much of it is being grown in the
bearing orchards. The soil and eli
mate are adapted to a great variety OF
crops, but appear especially adapted
to fruit.
The first settlement in the valley
Was made in 1868 at Cashmere, then
named Mission, by Father Grassl. VINO
later diverted the waters of Mission
CI00k 10 wafer d S1ldll SdA ooA A1SA'
the mission.
The first fruit trees were set out by
the Miller brothers, some reports CIV
ing the date as 1873, others 1875. Inc
first irrigation ditch in the valley was
ogta blished by the same men In 1885,
and still exists as the Miller ditch.
Practically the entire Wenatchee
Valley was a barren waste until 1896,
when the Gum ditch was built, cover
ing 600 acres of irrigable land. Dur
ing the same year the North We
natchee Canal Co. was formed and the
ditch built covering the Warner Fiat
near Cashmere. This ditch was taken
over by the Highline in 1902, and now
forms part of the latter system.
In 1901 w. T. Clark Of North Yak
ina, was interested in the prospects
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
FERTILIZERS.

Fertilizers. the plant food for the
garden, should be carefully selected
Nitrogen, which st j m u a t es Leaf
growth, is best supplied by turning un-
der rich. well-rotted or composted ma
nure, or rotting vegetable matter Nj
trogen also is supplied in such fertiliz-
ers as nitrate of soda and sulphate of
ammonia. as well as in bone meal and
tankage,
Potash tends to hasten the maturity
of the plant, but also has a tendency
to counteract the work of nitrogen.
On this account those not experienced
in using potash will find sulphate of
potash better, or at least safer in most
cases, than the muriate. On account of
the disturbed commercial conditions
one Of the most available sources of
patosh is hardwood ashes.
F1auts need a balanced ration. If
they are lacking in nitrogen. they
show pale leaf and stunted plant form.
Excess of nitrogen is shown by large
leaf and plant growth with imperfect
fruitage. If the plants lack potash,
they will not be fruitful.
Sheep manure will hurry plants
along more rapidly than most chcmi-
cal fertilizers.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
FatHeaded Boers Affecting Forest Trees the United States
BY E. BURKE Specialist Entomology Forest

lowing fall, or the second fall, or even
the third fall before it reaches matur-
ity. 1t then either rests over the win
ter IN the larval stage and pupates and
transforms to the adult the following
spring. or it pupates and transforms
to the adult in the summer or fall and
rests over the winter in the adult stage
in the pupal cell. Most Of the bark
borers pass the winter in the larval
stage and emerge soon after pupating
and Transforming to ADULTS in the
spring Many of the wood-borers pu-
pate and transform to adults in the
summer or fall and pass the winter in
the adult stage before emerging.
Feeding begins soon after emergence,
and mating, egg-laying, and death
soon follow, the whole being complet-
ed before the end Of summer.
So far as known to the writer only
two of our genera (Agrilus and Eu-
pristocerus) cause the formation of
gals on the host plant, and in these
cases it seems to be more the special
nature Of the plant to produce the
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
Cheap Breeding '''*'
Stock is Expensive

The unprecedented demand for
pure-bred live stock will sooner or
later result in the marketing Of many
animals eligible to registry, which are
inferior as individuals and which may
prove poor breeders. The present high
values afford all the better reason for
investing in only good breeding AMI
mails even though they appear high n
price. In this way only can the pres
ent high standard be maintained and
the scrub pure-bred finally eliminated.
The use Of the registered scrub can
but discourage the cause Of pure-bred
sres and better live stock Tho
breeder who markets such individuals
will ultimately suffer the criticism Of
those who know good live stock, and
finally be Disseminated against in buy
ing and selling. The purchaser Of the
scrub pure-bred can breed nothing but
inferior individuals so long as he per-
sists in buying the pedigree with ne
regard for individual merit.
The pure-bred sire is the best
means of live stock improvement.
Whether good or bad he is half the
herd and sometimes more. For this
reason the selection of the sire de-
mands equally as much attention a.
the entire group Of females, and it IL
far more important to have a good
sire. both in individuality and breed
ing. than to have one or two good f.
males. If sacrifices must be made, let
them occur in the selection Of the
females. Better still, let every one b
a good one, both in breeding and II.
dividual excellence.-S. +. Simpsoa.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
Importance of Fiat Headed Borers.

Flat-headed borers are among the
most important of the borers infesting
forest trees in the United States. Some
cones, a number bore into the inner
bark and outer wood Of the trunk.
branches, and roots, while the major
ity excavate oval winding "wormholes'
throughout the sound or decaying sap
wood and heartwood.
At present the leaf-miners and the
cone-burroWer are not o m m O
enough to be important. The bark
borers often girdle and kill healthy
trees or those injured by fire, floods.
droughts. diseases. other insects. or
careless numbering and at other times
, weaken trees so that they become easy
victims of diseases. other insects. or
unfavorable environment. Sometimes
when they do not kill the tree outright
their work causes dead limbs or tWigs,
or serious defects, checks, or gum
spots to form in the wood, or swollen
gals to form on the branches. The
wood-borers mine the sapwood and
heartwoOd of the trunk, top, and
larger branches and thus destroy or
seriously injure a large amount of the
trees most valuable product. its tim
Der. Wormholes will cause the finest
grade clear. lumber to become unfit for
the higher grade uses and therefore
unstable at the higher prices.
Both deciduous and coniferous trees,
as we'll as shrubs and herbaceous
plants, are attacked. Some genera at
tack only deciduous trees, some only
conifers, while others attack both.
Plants of any age may be attacked and
any part of the plant from the roots to
the leaves. but the principal part is the
bark and wood of the main trunk.
The borer work or injury consists of
flattened. oval. gradually enlarging,
more or less tortuous mine or worm
hole, which, when completed. widens
out into an elongate oval pupal cell.
This cell connects with the outer sur
face by a short, oval exit hole. The
mine has it's surface marked by fine.
TRANSFER Sc, crescentic lines and is usu-
ally tightly packed with arc-like lay
ers of sawdust-like borings and pellets
of woody excrement. The injury may
BE- entirely in the bark. entirely in the
wood, or, as ls usually the case, in both
bark and wood.
All bark and wood boring fiat head
ed borers hatch from eggs deposited
by the mother beetle singly or in q
mass, on the bark or tucked in some
crevice in the bark or wood or under
the bark at the edge Of a wound. Each
larva mines the inner bark or wood
until it reaches maturity. when, after
mining outward nearly to the surface,
it retreats into It's mine and forms an
oval cell, in which it pupates and
transforms to an adult beetle. The
beetle rests awhile, then bites its way
out, feeds on the bark, foliage, or pol
len of some plant, usually its host. and
then mates. The female, after depos-
iting eggs to start a new generation,
soon dies.
The egg is usually laid in the spring
or summer and the borer Matching
from it feeds and rests until the fol-
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20

average investment in bearing apple
orchards per ranch is s12,250. BY Civ
ing each Of the 81 orchards the same
weight, that is, taking the estimated
value of single acre of bearing apples
as representative of each orchard,
there is an estimated average invest
ment of s1,925 per acre for bearing
apples. The annual interest charge on
this alone amounts to 1854 per acre, at
s per cent.
Yields-Estimates of yields were OBJ
| tanned for period approximating five
years. In presenting data of this sort
| 1t is highly important that the yield
| should be considered over as long a
! period as possible in order to obtain a
! fair average for district Where very
few orchards are over II years of age.
as was the case in the valley. at the
time of this study, it is impossible to
obtain sufficient number of compar-
| able yields for any period other than
that represented by trees from to II
years of age, inclusive. The average
estimate of all yields from orchards
between these ages was obtained and
considered as fair average yield for
the valley. In computing this average
each age is given the same weight. re-
gardless of the year in which given
orchard might be certain age. For
example, yields on orchards at the
time they were Z, s, 9, 10 and II years
were averaged and this average was
used as the average yield for the val
| ley. In this way 271 estimates were
| considered. Considering the factors
stated above the average WELD per
acre of apple orchards in Wenatchee
Valley with 81 trees per acre was 500
packed boxes.
There is a tendency in some apple
producing regions toward alternate
bearing. and many times frosts. winds,
insect pests, and diseases have an eff
feet on the annual yield of the district,
but by taking yields over a period Of
years on trees which are representa-
| tive Of a district it is possible to OBJ
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
insect Investigations.

Although the usual food Of the
adults is the foliage of the host plant,
some are pollen feeders, and. as has
been determined recently, some will
feed on the spores of fungi. In this
instance the adult Agrilus bilineatus 10
of some benefit in destroying the
spores Of the destructive chestnut
blight fungus.
Distinguishing Characters
The principal distinguishing char
acter of the buprestid larva is the 90
currence of well-developed ambula-
tory plate on both the dorsal and ven.
trail surfaces of the first segment be-
hind the head. Both plates closely re-
semble one another. Similar plates
occur on some of the eucnemid larvae,
but the markings are different. The
buprestids have a central line, groove,
or v or the dorsal plate, while the
eucnemids have two lateral lines.
Cerambycid larvae never have the
ventral plate as we'll developed or SIM
liar to the dorsal. Cucujid larvae are
very fiat. but they can be distinguished
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
FIat-Headcd Boxers.

gals than it is the special work of the
insect that causes them to be pro-
duced Thus, the same species of in
sect will produce gals on some
plants and not on others, or on one
part Of plant and not on other parts
Of the same plant. A common western
form. Agrilus, that infests the alder
often produces gals in eastern Oregon,
while it seldom does so in eastern Cali
fornia. The common Agrilus bill
neatus of the Eastern States hardly
ever produces gals, but it will do so
sometimes when 1t works on the
smaller branches of the oak.
Besides h e enlarged roughened
gals, some species cause "splotch"
mines to form in the bark of young
shoots or branches.
In pupating, it seems to be the most
natural habit for the bark-borers to
pupate in the bark, and most of them
will do so if the bark is thick. but
where it is thin they will go into the
outer wood. The natural habit of the
wood borers is to pupate in the wood,
but some will pupate in the bark.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
Scours in Calves
Cause Big Losses

Thousands Of calves are lost each
year by what is known as scours. says
H. H. Kildee, University Farm, ST
be taken to guard against this disease
which results from deranged diges-
tive system.
Calves should have warm. clean
light and we'll ventilated pens. Milk
should be fed in regular amounts, at
regular times, at temperature of
about so degrees F. from scrupulously
clean pals. The foam which accu-
mulates on the milk while it is being
separated should never be fed. The
time to fed the grain ration is imme-
diately after the milk is fed. so that
the calves will not suck each others
ears and thus take air into the
stomach. which causes bloat and pro-
duces scours. 1t is well to have
stanchions in one side of the pen so
that the calves may be confined for a
short time after being fed milk.
Each day during the winter, when
the weather Is favorable. the calves
need to be turned out into a shell
tered yard for exercise. which is nee
essary for their proper growth and
health. 1t is also very important
that the calves. from very early age.
be given all the pure, fresh water
they care to drink each day. The
pens should be disinfected frequently.
Quicklime is excellent to sprinkle on
the floor each time it is cleaned and a
frequent spraying with some stan
dard coal tar dip solution will prove
beneficial.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-04-20
HOrSeradish,

grows on almost any kind Of soil, and
will stand the dry weather as well as
potatoes. In planting horseradish, fit
the soil the same as for straw berries,
and cultivate the same as any other
garden crop.
Many persons plant horseradish in
some out-of-the-way spot and dig a
piece of the root as often as needed,
leaving the fragments of roots in the
soil to grow for further use. This
method results in having nothing but
tough, stringy roots, very unlike the
product of properly planted and we'll
cared for bed The best roots are
those planted in the spring at the time
of setting early cabbage, and dug as
late the same fall as the weather will
permit. 1t becomes therefore, an an
nual crop.