davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1917-04-28

Exercise fer Brood Sow.
The brood sows should have ex-
ercise If they are expected to do well
at narrowing time.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
TERM LAWFULLY" DEFINED.

Chicago, Ill.-Opponents OF labor's
nti-injunction bill are claiming that
this legislation would permit strikers to
invade the premises OF employers and
roam at will through factories and
shops. Secretary Olander OF the State
Federation OF Labor calls attention to
this section OF the proposed law
COR from attending at any place
where any such person or persons may
lawfully be-"
In denying that labor is attempting to
slip 'joker" into the law. the trade
unionist quotes Section 26s. Hurd's Re-
vised Statutes, Chapter 3s, Criminal
Code
whoever, without authority OF law,
and not being the owner or agent OF
adjoining lands, enters the coal bank.
mine, shaft, mandatory. or place where
workmen are employed, OF another,
without the expressed or implied con-
sent OF the owner or manager thereof,
after notice that such entry is forbidden.
shall be fined not exceeding 5000, or
confined in the county Jail not exceed
ing six months, in the discretion OF the
court"
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
GOVERNMENT CUTS BID.

Washington. D. C.-The f. w. Bliss
Company, New York, the only private
long-range torpedo manufacturing con-
Germ in this country, has felt the effect
OF recent statute which permits the
Government to set reasonable
price for war munitions or supplies.
The company's bid for topedoes was
declared too high by Secretary OF Nav,
Daniels. The company cut $500 on each
torpedo, but this was unsatisfactory
and the matter was referred to the Blu
reau of Ordinance with instructions to
estimate reasonable" price. The
bureau reported a cut OF $1,5OO on each
torpedo, and the Bliss Company was
forwarded cold, matter-of-fact letter.
in which it was stated that:
"These prices have been determined
upon in consultation with this bureau
are reasonable, and undoubtedly will re-
suit in an emnently fair and equitable
profit to the company.
"You will, therefore, proceed with
the manufacture of these torpedoes
giving them priority over all other
work, and will do your utmost to de-
liver them within the time specified in
the contracts under consideration
AS the law permits the Government
to seize the Bliss plant, the company
announced that it would gladly accept
the order at the price named"
This transaction saved the Govern
ment $2,193,696 The steel trust has
also felt the effect of the new law and
has reduced prices $1s,OO0,0OO for army
and navy supplies.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
BUILDING LOCKOUT ENDS.

Cleveland, O-The Building Trades
Council has ratified an agreement that
ends months lockout in this city.
The lockout was inaugurated about a
month ago when annual agreements ex-
pired. The unionists refused to accept
this portion of an agreement the build
ers urged:
"There shall be no restriction in the
delivery or use of any material, except
when prison made"
After 1900 workers were forced on
the streets, the Objectionable section was
amended as follows:
"This section shall not be construed
as affecting present agreements in any
trade"
John A. Moffett, mediator, represent
ing the federal department of labor, as
sisted in the settlement negotiations,
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
BIBLE QUOTATIONS TEST FOR
ALIENS.

Washington Quotations from the
Bible will be used by the department of
labor in applying the literacy test when
the Burnett immigration restriction law
goes into effect May 1.
The law provides that words in the
test shall be of a character that are
commonly used and that same shall be
printed on cards in any language or dia-
lect preferred by the immigrant The
short time between the passage of the
law and its enforcement compelled the
department of labor to provide test
of words in ordinary use" that could
be translated in more than 100 languages
and dialects. On investigation it was
found that these translations were al
ready made of the Bible, the only book
printed in practically every tongue, and
the department of labor has accepted
sufficient of these translations to meet
the requirements of the law. Quotations
not subject to controversy will be select
ed from the almost limitless quantity of
historic, literary, poetcal and narrative
material in the text These will be print
ed in legible type in each of the lam
guages and dialects used by immigrants,
on uniform cards, with the correspond
ing English translation printed sepa-
rately
Under the law immigrants amenable
to the literarcy test will be required to
designate the particular language or dia-
lect in which they desire to be examined
and then to read the words printed on
the card presented them in such Ian
guage or dialect.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
TEN-HOUR LAW UPHELD
BY u. S. SUPREME COURT

Washington, D. Estates have the
right to limit the hours OF labor il
any private industry to ten hours, be-
cause ''the custom in Our industrie
does not sanction longer service than
ten hours per day." says the United
States Supreme Court, in upholding the
Oregon ten-hour-day law for men en-
ployed in mills, factories and manufact-
uring establishments.
This law does not apply to women,
whose hours of labor are regulated by
the Industrial Welfare Commission of
Oregon.
The court divided on the ten-hour-law
decision-Chief Justice White and Jus
tees Van Devanter and McReynolds
dissenting. Justice Brandeis took no
part in the case, as he appeared as
counsel in favor of the law when it was
first heard by the court.
Oregon approved the law in 1913 and
this was the first time the Supreme
Court passed upon an hours of-service
law that included all male workers, al
though practically every State limits
the hours of labor in certain industries
and callings because OF dangers involved
or excessive fatigue. The Oregon law
includes all industry and provides that
overtime shall be paid in excess of ten
hours.
F. O. Bunting, a Lake County, Ore
pon manufacturer, employed George II.
Hammersley in excess of ten hours and
refused to pay him overtime. Bunting
was arrested and fined. He appealed to
the State Supreme Court, which sus-
tanned the law. He then asked the
United States Supreme Court to annul
the law on the ground OF class legisla-
ton in that it applied only to mills
factories and manufacturing establish
ments, and that it was wage law,
In unfolding the law the United
States Supreme Court said:
"The permission for overtime is per-
missve in the same sense that any pen
alty may be said to be permissve. Its
purpose is to deter by its burdens, and
its adequacy for this was matter Tor
legislative Judgment under the particu-
lar circumstances. New policies are us
ually tentative in the beginning, advance
to permanence, as they advance in ac-
ceptance."
The court quotes with approval the
decision of the Oregon Supreme Court
an view of the well-known fact that the
custom in our industries does not sane
ton longer service than ten hours pei
day, it can not be held as matter ot
law that the legislative requirement is
unreasonable or arbitrary as to the
hours of labor"
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
PROFITEERS CHECKED
BY FEDERAL STATUTE

New York.--In Wall street it is
agreed that the day for unbridled war
profits is gone and that the Washington
administration has concluded that if
some people must contribute their lives
other people must at least be checked in
an exploitation heretofore associated
with war
While many business concerns are
placing their plants at the disposal of the
government, it is not generally known
that recent legislation empowers the
president of the United States to seize
these plants any time he believes exces-
sive charges are insisted upon or when
ever the management of any plant does
not give the government preference in
the filling of orders during war or when
war is imminent
1t is whispered in financial circles that
the reason managers OF copper mines re-
duced the price of copper for govern
ment use to II cents, or one-half the
present market price, was because these
managers became aware that federal ati-
thorities were preparing to set their own
price on copper and that the 17-cent
mark was made in the hope that prices
would not be placed below that figure
Under the army reorganization act,
passed last year, the president is given
unlimited authority to take immediate
possession of any concern whose man.
agement refuses to give precedence to
United States orders for military sup
plies in time OF war or when war is i'm
minent.
Seizure is also provided in the event
OF failure to refuse to furnish arms, am
munition, or parts OF ammunition. or
other supplies or equipment. 'at rea-
sonable price as determined by the Sec
retary of War"
Under this law "con6scation," run
ming our own business" and other shib-
boleths of business men are discarded
as terms of other ages. Violation OF
this statute is declared felony and the
responsible heads OF the offending in
dividual, firm, company, association or
, corporation shall, upon conviction. be
imprisoned not more than three years
and fined not exceeding $4,000.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21

In our judgment, Governor Cox
should seriously consider the calling of
the legislature into extra session at once
with the purpose of meeting critical
emergency. No matter what it costs,
we must make sure of having food
enough, and Ohio should lead the way.
The State must be prepared to do two
tfings-to finance the farmer, where he
needs it, and to provide him with human
motive power. If it requires million
dollars to finance him, it will be mil
lion dollars well invested. The Gov
ernor and the legislature, with the
assistance of the business men and f.
nanciers of the city and State, can work
out the details of the money aid re-
quired, how it shall be raised and how
it shall be applied. But the thing itself
should be accepted and adopted as d
war measure that cannot be argued or
delayed. If farmers are to put in a
larger acreage, many of them must have
extra cash for seed, fertilizers and farm
implements and machinery And if they
are to get additional laborers, they
must be prepared to compete tempo
rarily in wages with munition and other
city industries There are great many
men in Cincinnati who have lived in
the country and who have come here
because they could make more by days
work than on the farm If they are to
go back to the farm for the season, they
should be assured of getting the wages
they are receiving in town. and with a
reasonable prospect of having employ
ment for the winter months. The State
must get back of the farmer with its
finances and equip him. where he cannot
equip himself, with all the material and
human necessaries for this seasons
campaign. All this is radical, but the
situation is radical and it will not admit
of delay.
A great many good suggestions have
been offered with regard to securing
farm laborers. The exemption of such
labor from military service for the next
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
PORTO RICO POLICE
ASSAULT STRIKERS

Westinghouse on strike
at Porto Rico are clubbed by police as
vigorously as though the United States
Congress, when it passed the Porto
Rico organic act, did not guarantee free
dom of action to the people of this
island.
In cablegrams to President Gompers,
Santiago Iglesias, president of the Free
Federation of Porto Rico Workers, af-
filiated to the A. F. of L., says:
Terrorism spread at Guayama by
Governor Yager's policemen. Two strik-
ers killed and several wounded by po-
lice. No guarantee for workingmen. In
quisitorial methods used by prosecuting
attorneys to prosecute workingmen un-
der alleged libel Justice for Porto
Rican laborers unknown Earnestly and
energetically protest against outrages
and request action be taken at once"
In a letter to President Gompers the
Porto Rico trade unionist makes bitter
complaint against the new government
tor its gross unfairness to the workers.
1T is the old story over again under a
new condition." his letter says, dis
guised with the garb of democracy, clad
with the robe of decency and respect
posing under the new organic act as the
defender of and protector of conscious
and legitimate labor, but which, in fact
is nothing else but the disreputable re-
sidue of the old institution of carpet
baggers replanted in Porto Rico. 1t is
hardly conceivable that such thing still
happens in a country enjoying American
citizenship. The life of the poor, the
right to improve their condition by legi-
innate means, should deserve the most
sacred respect on the part of the Off
cials in Porto Rico, and they should be
made to understand that unequivocally.'
President Gompers has communicated
with President O'Connor of the Interna-
tional Longshoremen's Association, who
has promised assistance
The Porto Rico longshoremen are de-
manding better working conditions
They are paid 80 cents a day for load,
ing boats that are unloaded at New
York for $3.50 day.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
INJUNCTION A MENACE.

Sacramento, Cai.-"If there is law
against violence in California, and there
surely is, the people have already an in
junction against it and have provided
how each shall be punished" said Presi-
dent Furuseth of the International Sea-
mems union, in supporting an anti-in-
junction bill at a public hearing.
when the courts of equity take juris-
diction over and issue injunctions in la
Dor disputes" he continued they do
so to protect business, which, under late
rulings by several courts, is held to be,
property. These rulings are condemned
by other courts, which hold that rela-
tons between employers and employees,
between buyer and seller, are personal
relations, and, as such, if regulated at
ALL are regulated by statute or common
law only
The campaign of Michigan unionlsts
against injunctions has enraged. employ
ers' associations, which make the child
ish plea that the workers would break
laws.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21

twelve months and the assurance of
good wages probably would tempt many
men from the city into the potato patch
or the cornfield; and while the State
cannot touch the exemption matter, it
could aid in fastening such guarantee
by making an immediate and strong ap-
peal to the Administration and to Con-
gress. In the meantime on its own ac-
count it could whip many laggards and
work. -shirkers into action by stretching
the vagrancy laws so as to force every
able-bodied man to labor six days in
each week.
To make all this legislation effective
it should provide for the immediate or
ganization of State Financial and En-
ployment Bureau, under the direction of
the Agricultural College and of first
class business executives, empowered to
handle this whole matter for the present
season at least When the legislature
meets in its next regular session it
could continue or discontinue the bureau,
as seemed best
In anticipation of such action the
municipal authorities of Cincinnati
might at once take census to ascer-
tain the available farm labor in Gin
cinnati, and the agents of the Agricul-
tural College should collect the labor sta
tistics in the counties.
The overwhelmingly important thing,
however, is for the State to act on an
organized basis. The emergency re-
quires the sanction, the authority and
the credit of the State-the coupling up
and coordination by it of great crop
machine that will give us not merely
what we want, but what we must have.
Perhaps State farm of 10000 acres,
worked by prisoners from the peniten-
tiary, might be one of the features of
this general plan
But let us talk no longer Let the
State get to work and start the plow
which just now is mightier than the
sword for the salvation of the nation.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
Food Situation ALARMING!
Victor Hnz Urges All At One7h State
OF Ohio Should Take Charge of All Farms
With Money yandL

Congressman Victor Heintz h a s
sounded the alarm as to the food situa-
ton. His telegram reached us too late
last week for us to devote the space
necessary to it.
If this country does not raise big
crop of foodstuffs this year, not only
will the people of the United States
suffer, but Great Britain and France
will suffer and their aggressive military
power will be weakened, if not para
lyzed. The right solution of the entire
war problem comes back to the farm,
therefore, as to a foundation on which
our whole national and international
structure must be built, if it is to be
strong and dependable.
But to make the farm do the work
that is vital to the United States as
well as to Europe three factors are
essential. The first is the time element.
Whatever we are to do must be done
at once. Nature waits for no man.
The second thing requisite to make the
farmer efficient is money. The third
is labor
We cannot well wait for the general
Government to act After while Con-
gress probably will make general and
permanent provision for financing agri-
culture and for mobilizing labor in its
service, and toward the latter purpose
the selective draft proposed by the Pres
ident will greatly aid by enabling him
to assign men to farm work who under
stand it and who are now employed in
the cities.
But Ohio cannot defer action until
George does it," or until Congress does
it, and she must take the initiative and
strike out for herself; and, if she does
she will not only save the situation in
her own boundaries, but will set an ex-
ample that will be followed by many
other States, and she will thus virtually
help to save this country and other coun-
tries from food shortage and widespread
distress next fall and winter.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
BARRIERS STRIKE; RAISE
WAGES.

Miles City, Mont.-After a 24-hour
strike, employing BARRIERS agreed to the
demands of BARRIERS union No. 615-$21
a week and 60 per cent over $33.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
TRUST "BUsTING" PAYS.

Philadelphia first quarter of the
present year the Standard Oil family
companies paid in dividends more thar
half as much as the oil trust, before dis
solution, ever distributed in an entire
year, says local newspaper.
The dividends for the latest quarter
reached $23, 10000. This compares witt
$22, ,2O7 900 for the same period of last
year and $15241 600 for the first three
months of 1915.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21

Joplin, Mo.-Wage increases and an
additional guarantee of SO week have
been secured by the Barbers' union after
a short strike.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
LONGSHOREMEN STRIKE.

Baltimore, Organized longshore-
men employed by the Western Maryland
railroad at Port Covington are on strike
for an increase of cents an hour, day
work; cents an hour, night work, and
time and one-half for Sunday and holi-
day work.
This corporation is resisting efforts of
its machinists in various shops to in
crease wages.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21

Wilkes-Barre, Pa-The BARRIERS un-
ion has secured substantial wage in
creases as the result of strike that in
volved practically every shop in this city.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-21
Watchful Waking.

Patient-"What would you recommend
for somnambulism?
Doctor-"Well, as last resort, you
might try insomnia" a."-Indianapolis Star.
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1917-05-04
DIED LAST FRIDAY.

William Hughes, just a little short
Of seventy years Of age, died last
Friday morning, April 9th, at his
home five miles West Of Lexington.
after three weeks of illness with a
complication of diseases. He is sur
vived by his wife, three sons and
and three daughters. Especial
credit Is due his son Luther for the
devoted attention and efficient
nursing given his father during his
entire illness. Mr.. Hughes was a
good man and for fifty-three years
had been a member Of the Southern
Methodist church. The funeral oc-
Cured at two o'clock last Saturday
afternoon, the services being con-
Quoted by his pastor, Rev. !. N,
King, at Bethel church and grave
yard. During his illness Mr.. Hughes
received every possible at
tention from his neighbors, who car
ried out their good work by gather
ing some thirty strong, with horses
and plows, last Tuesday and break
ing the land and planting the crop
for the bereaved family.
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1917-05-04
summer.

1t has remained for an English
man, Lord Northcliffe, owner of the
London Time, one Of the greatest
newspapers of the world, to come
to the rescue of American news
paper publishers, many Of whom
have already been put out Of busi-
ness by the prohibitive price Of
white print paper. Developments
have shown that the American pa
per manufacturer has not scrupled
to rob his enforced customers.
Lord Northcliffe will divert the en-
tire output Of his great paper mills
in New Foundland to the use small
publishers in this country, and in
his own island home he has sought
ways and means by which the cir
culatlon of English newspapers may
be reduced instead of increased.
All honor to any man who will
come to the aid Of any people in
stead Of robbine them in the time
of need.
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1917-05-04
Phillips Store.

Health is not very good in this
community at present. Whoopine
cough and measles are still raging
and almost all the little fellows
have whOoping cough.
D. A. Harrington and family are
sick with measles. Little Flora has
been quite seriously sick with meas
les, pneumonia and whooping cough,
but is now on the road to recovery.
Misses Allie and Bobbie Crook
were guests Of Miss Burma Rhodes
Saturday night and Sunday.
Mrs. Matte Griffin is on the
puny list this week.
J. M. Brantley was in Lexington
on business this week.
The storm Of Monday afternoon
did some damage to this neighbor-
hood, carrying off a few barn tops.
People Of this vicinity are very
busy this week planting corn and
cotton.
Loren Rogers visited Fayette and
Leonard Rhodes Sunday.
Miss Fate Ryals, Of near Lula,
has returned home after spending
the winter with her grandfather, j.
H. Ryals. She attended school at
Lizard Lick" while there.
Allison Rhodes is thought to have
whoopine cough.
Miss Ella Brantley is having quite
a lot OF trouble with tonsilitis.
W. M. Rhodes was in Lexington
Monday.
Miss Elsie Britain visited the
family of j. A. Rhodes Sunday.
Misses Effie, Myrtice and Minnie
Rhodes were guests Of Miss Burma
Rhodes Sunday.
Mrs. j. F. Rhodes had the mis-
fortune to drop a door on her foot
recently and has been on the limp
ing list ever since.
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1917-05-04
The fact that Socialists and labor

The fact that Socialists and labor
leaders make up a large part Of the
controlling element in Russia, has
suggested to President Wilson the
advisability Of putting on the COM
mission to 90 to Russia from this
country, with Elihu Root at its
head, number of our labor leaders
and Socialists, and the names of
several Socialists and labor leaders
have been suggested, among them
Victor Berger, former Congressman
from Wisconsin, Myer London, pres
ent representative from New York,
Morris Hillquitt and Edward Rus
sell, representing the Socialists, and
John Mitchell, former president Of
the United Mine Workers, is one Of
the labor leaders suggested to 60 on
the commission, the personnel Of
which was to be made known this
week. The socialists claim that
they do not believe in war, but
having gotten into it with the bal
ance Of the people Of the entente
alliance countries, they are moi
willing to give up until Germany
shall have been brought to salts
factory terms.