Western liberal. (Lordsburg, N.M.) 1887-1919, 1917-05-04

highest point Of the poll and should
usually be carried forward. To add
to the appearance they should be of
delicate texture, taper to graceful
points, and be covered with fine hair.
Topped ears are very unsightly and
many tricks are used to cover up such
defects, such as tying together with
fine thread the ear nets which the
horse may be wearing, or the ears
themselves may be tied together, the
hairs Of the foretop hiding the thread.
Slight operations are also performed
with the object Of remedying this de
feet.
PolL.-The poll should be examined
for signs of poll evil, n disease caused
by bruising the top Of the head. In.
lammation in this region, usually &C.
cOmpanied by discharge Of pus, would
lead M to suspect this disease, which
is often slow to yield to treatment and
which may break out again after 1t is
thought to be cured. 1t often leaves
ugly scars after healing.
Neek.-A ~clean-cut throat latch on
Il crested neck of good length gives a
horse style and beauty of outline and
consequently enhances his value. In
mature stations the development of
n full crest is an indication Of mascu-
Unity. Evidences Of bleeding. indl-
eating previous bad health, should be
looked for in the jugular vein, and 1t
is also advisable to lay back the name
and look for scars. The neck should
join the shoulders smoothly.
Shoulders.-Short shoulders do not
generally indicate sufficient room for
II large heart and for lungs capable of
handling n maximum quantity of air.
Straight shoulders favor a low, short,
stubby action of the front feet. A low
carriage of the head, with u heavy IT.
responsive mouth are often associated
with a long back and Il correspondingly
short underline, whereas the opposite
proportions. namely, II short back and
a long underline, are desirable. The
conclusions or Jars on the front legs
resulting from their striking the
ground are considerably relieved by
sloping shoulders, by not having this
effect, tend 10 promote early unsound-
ness of these limbs. Strong constitu-
ton, endurance, good front action, and
style are associated with deep, well-de-
velOped shoulders. For draft purposes
the shoulders should have pronounced
offsets, so that the face Of the collar
will have plenty Of bearing surface.
The position of the collar on such a
shoulder Is not materially changed, no
matter how hard the pull. Sharp, thin,
prominent withers add depth and
wearing qualities To the shoulder,
Shoulders that run well into the back
In the saddle horse aid in holding the
saddle in place.
Examine the withers for istula, q
disease similar to poll evil, except that
it is differently located. Flstula Is
thought to result from bruising the
withers, the resulting Inflammation
and pus being slow to yield to treat
ment, so that cases are often Of very
long standing. The disease sometimes
appears to be Of very minor impOr
lance, but the Illustration shows the
large amount OF tissue that may be
come involved. Fistula should not be
confused with collar sores, which ART
often found on the top Of the neck jusI
IN front of the withers. Collar sores
also often occur on the sides Of the
neck. When not Of too long standing
they heal readily, II on properly
formed shoulders. CallOused-thickeneC
spots resulting from old collar sOr'
again unless the collar can be KEEP
from pressing on them. In sO-calleC
sweenled shoulders, the muscles have
atrophled or shrunken, and horses will
such defects are practically yaluelesi
for work, for the time being, at least
Attempts are sometimes made TO hid'
this trouble by applying i%rritants or b!
blowing air beneath the skin, glvinl
the normal full appearance. Atrophie'
shoulder muscles may recover theii
size and development by the remova
of lameness which arises from injur.
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