davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07
PAN GERMAN LN7RICJlES WITHIN THE II


The object Of this article is to show:
L. That the Germans their leaders
ceived generous an idea as that or creating work
ers' international
That the two political inernatonals were brought
into being by the tactful initiative of Frenca and
British leaders and organizers.
g. That both these internauonals have been de-
stroyed in large 10y the clumsy, domineerng
interference OF the Germans who subsequently Joined
movement.
g. That the way the Germans endeavored 10 or
ganze international that the doctrines they taught
such as must render considerable assistance TO
the German military empire I'm It's endeaNor TO con
.luer the world
organize in practice to tfermanze, Germanize
That the German scheme or organization was
based a military model. II meant centralized
.,utocracy IL fought against the French British
love OF freedom O local national initiatives.
sought 10 impose a theoretical orthodoxy and 10 per
secIte as hereto an who ventured to doubt or even
questions.
2. That. having no sanction. s. e. ii being impo--
sible herecs the stake this intolerance
a telling example of the inherent laundering thai
characterizes the people. shows that they
the qualities necessary maintain harmony
between many races Of varying sometimes Of an
tagonistic. dispositions
OWEN PRECEDED MARX
The idea of an international had been advocated
Ions before DR. Karl Marx came into the held I'm
1895 Robert owen attempted 70 organize interna-
rional wider basis. Flora Tristan. who died
ts45, and disciple OF Fourier her life
AN international labor where there should dis
tincton Of A for the term social DEMO
Crat IL first launched forth I'm 1883 hy the irish
shartst Bronterre O'Brieu.
Passing from ideas To realizations what actually
happened that French workmeu skillfully
prodted by the liberal republican opposition
Prince Jerome BonaparF AGAINST his COUSIN. the En-
peror Napoleon III, 90 obtain subvenuou which
Rhed them 10 send delegates visit and report on
some OF the exhibits shown az the universal exhibit
held. during the year 1852 London. There
Frenchmen. Toain Limousin, and Frbourg met lead
ang English trades unionists such the late Sir
ual Cremer. George OdSer. Benjamin Lucraft George
Howell. and others Dining together iu little French
restaurant IN Nassau ST. soho and az tho Boule GOr
Percy ST. they talked and planned the Inter-
national Workins Mems association
Two years later ur Karl Marx then living Lon
thought he meht Utilize this organization for hi-
purposes. His first step was 10 select Who
would pull the strings under his guidance. The
TlEues that eusued would make long story. which
material 1e found ln The Published correspond
rnce OF Kari Marx aud Fr,dtri. Eusels such ii his
would 1e diuIoHIr tu ah-reElate For tle
a. suffice 20 rHat FitH ras aid or Frederic
Vele Karl Marx sought govern the international l
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07
Founder Conjunction With DR. Paul Bouse of the Second International

the freedom Of Danish Scheswig Prussian Poland.
Alsace. This notably the at the last
meeting Of the international held before the at
GERMAN INFLUENCE GROWS.
Every year the German influence became more and
more paramount the international. because Ger
many was the only country that had its agents all over
the world actively working this end. The
man military authorities the only military
authorities who had anything gain by the spread IN
other countries Of their particular brand OF Ger
socialism. Thus il quite in the interest OF
the German army 10 spread Karl Marks celebrated
saving. Workers of the world unite, have only
your chains TO lose and you have world 70 gain
Why then should a worker fight his country
only HIS chains preserve2
What needs relating Is how doctrines presented
the mantle of socialism but which undoubtedly
weaken the of national defense were manufac-
tured I'm Germany though strictly and solely for
foreign expectation. They implanted foreign
countries notably in France and England by Ger
mans This was done and carefully done many years
before the war England. notably. had Karl
Marx and Frederic Engels whenever a movement
existed that did nor readily Weld TO German influence
and guidance split organtzed within that move
party.
SHOW GERMAN ASPIRATIONS.
The English. however. not quite easy
age H. NJ Hyndmau is a robust Englishman who
VIII put up with foreign Interference As q con-
sequence, he had hardly succeeded in ESTABLISHING the
social democratic federation when Karl MARKS daush-
and her husband took "a prominent part IN pro
ducins split within that party.
Today ietters have been recently published by Ger
man socialists themselves written by Kari Marx and
frederic Engel- Addressing his American agent
Serge on Jan H. 1880 iu November 1891 and az
other dates r. Engels makes 10 appear II he had
suggested the formation OF the Independent labor
party He then indicates that ne hoped utilize Keir
Hardie and the independent labor party break
the organization he had failed % control namely he
social democratic federation and the Fab-ans
To seems strange that the German ant-national
port socialisnlfor they viii have none OF 10 in Ger
mauy-should have found many disciple through
the world. difficult believe this is solely
the result Of accident. Can mere fortuitous
o. circumstance induced many social
SITS TO forget the interest OF and Of their
country? II IS natural them stray -ne
German military camp and aid those ho fsh-
for absolutsm. This surely i- against the prin-
,iDles Of socialism
Knowing that the German government spends MI
lions or money its agents. spread an the world
is IL not more natural % believe that gold
az least nave helped produce and propagate
unexpected. unusual manifestation opinion
In case the Facts should Doc better known.
Dorance OF the danger better appreciated More care
might then Doe devoted the opinions
vantage German
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07

Az AMERICAN CONCENTRATION CAMP oct. 8.
Up up a little biz higher used to be q phrase iu
Ia vhisted oar1ied often We had think
il had PASSED long since into oblivion and perhaps
did. has students come back With words
changed and -uappuy readiusted 90 harmonic with
present conditions the melody has, overnight ridden
back rejuveuated popularity Today. up. up, ca
little higher is more than phrase in popular
parody-it the slogan OF thousands of aviators and
avatorsn-t e-inhlng mere m TINS worlds greatest
aviation center.
And all because Dame Rumor has it chat tine new
Liberty motor win enable American birdmcu CLIMB
heights never before attained 10y bird or man. Ho"
far-fetched these claims cannot FOR while be
determined since the motor has yet 10 bee put into
operation az this and other fields throughout the
country still the flyers hopeful II reports prove
true. American aviators within few months viii
the battlefront in planes possessed of such
stuuendOus superiority that they must within com
parativey short time shoe" every enemy plane 10
perpetual cover. To what extent this will hasten the
We are all, however, optimistic
when the new motors are installed and our plane.
soar miles the clouds hundreds of feet higher
than any others have ever mounted-then viii the
dreams students all AGES have been realized Man
viii have ascended high into the air atmospheric
conditions will permit. The problems of Bacon.
Beachey Zeppelin and the Wrights will have been
solved Unless birdmen of the future
decides rival the angels by attempting flights TO
other planets the question of altitude as problem IN
.leronautics will have shortly settled forever
IN AGE-OLD PROBLEM
since the dawn oil time almost, have men been
ing rise from the earth in innumerable ways We
easily imagine the ante-dlluVlan man jumping or
1ouIders to high he might rise before speed
lis returning the ground. scripture hints that dur
ing the flood inhabitants OF the earth who not
so fortunate as Noah fled and mountains and
then when the waters once more threatened they
vainIy emulate the birds that mad not been
swept away.
History tells us that the ancients believed flying
might accomplished the aid OF spirits angels,
r the help fowls by wings fastened directly 10 the
boy flying cbariots Early painters portrayed
cherubs carrying through the air and poets pic
turei possibilities being carried and waited
along los the support OF birds but far leSend
goes learned that attempts TO conquer the
cir i'm such a every very successful.
a way back before time recSOned, according 10
creek unythology Daedalus. Greek king. impris
eoned by the Partisan king. MinOs Daedalus accord
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07
THE NEW LIBERTY MOTOR OF AMERICAN ENGINEERS
INSPIRES TEHE SERGEANT TO DIP INTO FLYING HISTORY
By Charles A. Grimes, Sergeant, U. S. A..

an assortment of plumage the adventurer undertook
the construction OF a pair Of wings and
peting them. informed the king that with his perIns
sion he was gons TO fly from Stirling Castle scotland
Paris. France. The king advised him start al
once and the obedent adventure started promptly
only 20 land in a heap in the courtyard below. His
dezterity in framing an alib for the king probably
saved
Ny wings he said, were composed OF various
feathers Among them we're the feathers of dunghiu
fowls and 10y certain sympathy attracted TO the
dunghill: whereas. had my wings been composed OF
the eagles alone, the sympathy would have
tracted them the regions of the air
ROGER BACON'S PROPHECY.
I'm 1914. the great Franciscan. Roger Bacon
future time there may be made flyins
instrument so that man sitting in the middle OF the
instrument turning mechanism may i'm
TO motion artificial wings which beat the air like
a bird" Thus did Bacons marvellous mind. centuries
The knowledge Bacon possessed and the theories he
claimed remarkable for the fact that the prin-
cipes of his scheme are still applied Assuming that
the atmosphere was material Of consistency capable
Cd bearing its substance vessels such borne
upon the sea- ne described the aeroplane of future
years as, "a large hollow globe OF copper OF some
other metal wrought extremely thin order to have
it light as possible Tt must then be filled with
ethereal liquid air and launched from elevated
point into the atmosphere, where IT viii float like
vessel in the water
Bacon's prophecies have been fulfilled We have see.
balloons filled with ethereal liquid air floating
through clouds. what is more.
witnessing daily Flying instrument with man sit
wings, beating the air like bird"
During four succeeding centuries. Bacons theories
changes were practiced.
In England and France during the cary seventeenth
century simon Stevnus, the great mathematician
Pierescius other leading students said
made successful flights through the air historian
flight those early times: greatest
news Of this country is of ngenius fellow that
Berkshire sailed "A high steeple a
all of his makins; and, without other help
than himself her conveyed her above % miles by
hills dales the river. down 10
London
THE ORIGIN OF BATLOoNING
Ballooning TO be technical the science o
IV Lana
Jesuit. discoveries atmospheric pressures
proved that receptacle holding was heavier than
when the air dispeled Father Lana, at
tempt travel through the air nodded globes OF
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07

part OF the machine had wicker gallery three feet
broad with a 5alustrade both within and without
which was about three feet high. The rnachins
weighed 1000 pounds. middle o aperture
there iron gate In which IRE lighted when
balloon rise. The person the wicker
2aUery was able 70 add fuel straw and wood being
used whenever the IRE needed repenishng
rope netting was placed 50 feet above the ground
che point Of the proposed fsht 70 prevent the
DANCER OF a higher flight. De Rozier remained up
four minutes and 90 seconds and successfully
compished what the world had Tor centuries dream
ed and attempted in vain. From several other flights
De Rozer made the important discovery that the ma
lhine could be guided the pilots pleasure by the
mere increase or decrease OF dre.
King Louis recognized the worth OF ths ~
coveres in aerostration by a public proclamation -
that same year he ordered that as an aeSnowieos~
ment OF the work of the Montgolhers obslsk b
erected at Annonay the spot where tho first bal
loon assembled. In 1901 the obelisk completed.
SCENE OF FIRST ASCENSION
Philadelphia the scene of the first ascension in
America About the time of the NIOntSolher exDer-
adelpha constructed successfully flew machine
of a small gas balloons which we're attached 70
age.
James wilcoN a. carpenter. made the first ssoenstoa
this country. Dec. %. 1883. Approaching tbs
Schuylk river. the er-baloonis grew afraid
that he might fall so punctured according 70 his In
~tructions for hasty descent. three then Eve more
OF the balloons. He came down in such hurry that
he disclOcated his wrist in the fall.
Ascensons. came TO be OF common occurrence IN the
nineteenth century. Septeu Der
1892 Garnern a Frenchman astonished the world
by ascending altitude OF 10000 feet he drop
ped from that height and descended safely 20 earth
n a parachute
the Civil occasional ascensions
made by observers from both the Confederate and
armies. The observations however. amounted
but little aeroautics still a generally
known subject
Not until the early eighties nineties did exrc~-
imeuts in aeroplanes know such today begin.
Then gliders suddenly sprung into prominence. Civ
ing birch the idea of Bacon's long conceived proph-
ecv of a machine would beat the ar
ike a bird" Prof Zahn's experiments Notre Dame
were among the FIRST conducted in this ountry.
attempts fly followed by the ghts. whose
comparatively recent successes are well own
ahe Liberty glory their
ments.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07

ingly determined 70 beat his way" back TO Persia
not as beating ways are perpetrated nowadays, since
bumpers unknown conveniences 20 the ancents
but rather by through the air. lie constructs
cd wings for his IcariUs and himself loose
1ulls found in and about his place OF confinement
trran-ed them just he thought nature would have
fashioned them. fastening them tight through the
middle that the quilts might remain firm the base.
BEFORE fastening the wings to the shoulders of his
the royal father him 10 keep mid
course i'm the air. fyipg not SO high that the
might melt the wax, nor SO low that the waves of the
sea over which they TO fy would make purpose
less the wings. All went well at the outset. But
boys thoughts soon aspred TO greater heights the
melted the and. like the unforgettable McGinty.
tn youthful Icarus splashed deep down Ito the bot
ton OF the sea"
PERSIAN KINGS PLAN.
six hundred years before the beginning of the Chris
tan era. Kai KaOos, Persian king decided riding
earth was a little too tame planned trip
heavens He consulted his astrologers who
him after returning from that the trip
celestial regions and back could be safely made.
Kai had his hunters rob an eagles nest Of four Of
its promising fledglings The captured eagles
were carefully fed strength giving foods until they
grew to such proportions would even weighty
members of the South Bend aerie wary their
mems honors Then the king had made a frame
NaloOez wood the four ends which were erected
slender spears. serving in their turn to support
shelter tor his royal highness when the attentions OF
Jupiter Puvius or old Sol not desired. The
eagles bound the o the frame.
Even kings Of the olden days had occasional happy
thoughts. Kai Kaoos had unusually happy one He
fastened piece of goats meat the top
spar just at the point where the canopy When
pected they would do nothing less than flap their
wings and fly for it, I'm this manner the throne would
rise and there chance but that Kai
would ascend directly for heavenly conference. A
goblet of wine his ration. he needed not
more. No one reckOned TO what heights the eagles
would in their treadmill attempt the meat
considered that HUNGER tantazed. increases.
that increased hunger weakens and that speedy
cent meant a dashing descent Maybe King held
the celestial conference but he never came back
the proceedings.
An Italian adventurer of the tenth century
visit Scotland sought find his way favor
of the but impoverished King James " by claim
ing TO he master of magic He failed In his claim
produce riches for the kng resolved satisfy
his majesty by miraculous performance. Gathering
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07

invitations English the Latin peoples thus
rapproachment. Mons. Jules Perry would
increase his growing unpopularity by taking pro
ceedings against
This calculation proved correct The international
conference 1883 at which union socialist
organizations of France, Britain Italy and Spain
represented met in Paris without let hndance
and this in spite Of the Dufaure law
GERMANS LACKED TACT
II is obvious that it attempting
constitute the international while French were for
hidden by law join means therefore had to
he found, and found. by which this
aside reviewing these facts the thought naturally
occurs that they illustrate the need able
leadership than the Germans could have provided.
They lack the tact capacity TO understand other
countries than their BY their previous attempts
and failures they showed they could never have over
difficulties Dufaure law.
from creating either the first the second interna-
uonal il IS their bundering that was mainly nstru-
mental in destroying the first and the second nerna
tioual
The time had nov arrived when the British were
called upon act, and therefore the next inerna-
tional held the sixth the
Of November. 1855, in St Andrews hall London. By
this time the German social democrats alarmed
at the growth Of movement which under
their direct control They therefore tried establish
a rival international, the internatonals
in Paris in 1889 But the German international
international a all called the AIarxst
congress and the various nationaes hardly sent any
delegates; Out there were 81 German delegates of
whom 90 officers commissioned officers Of
the German army. on the other hand there not
single delegate from Posen, the Polish province
the Prussians annexed
The Possibrist congress or 1889 was on the con
trary attended not merely by French delegates-and
those the number of Az representing 80 trades
unions and ~ socialist groups-but by - British
trades union delegates and Is DELEGATES the British
social democratic federation. Then there
spanish, italian, seven Belgian four American
Portuguese, one swiss. and Polish delegate
The two congresses had TO amalgsmate and their drs
Joint Brussels in 1891.
This exhibition OF German weakness in the field of
international action resulted in that usual the
Germans sought gain footing among those who
managed things better than themselves.
Though the old international did have q miserable
congress at The Hague in 1872 a sort funeral
ceremony az Geneva 1873 IL practically ceased
exist after the Franco German Of 1901.
After the amalga nation Of the two internatonaIs
the international gradually be international
and became and - Pan German organiza-
ton. OF the many proofs establishing this fact
noted that its resolutions
the car, demanding freedom for Russian Poland
Finland readily accepted and was carried
denounciny the tyranny kaiser demandinp
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07

ing the against the International Thus we were
able 10 hold OF the finest International
meetings
Having thus utilized capitalist interests and nflu-
10 break the law, the thing was 70 take "a
similar without such protection The opportUnit
occurred. Mons Jules Perry. who vas prime
minister az that time, had become very unpopular
cause he was suspected OF leaning toward Germany
We calculated that IL held international gath
ering which Germans were present il would help
20 rehabate jules Perry should he
mans. under the Du1aure law. and drag them pris
through the streets of Paris But we felt tina
that reason II. instead of congress which
AN could come we had conference where only those
who invited scould attend and if We limited our
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-10-07

copper each 20 feet in diameter which would weigh
less when empty than the bulk OF atmosphere that
required TO ill them. To these ne attached a boat
wherein he with only Indifferent success.
Definite results in baioonins were achieved by the
MOntgoher brothers OF France in 1883. on the nth
day of June that year they up balloon 10 feet
circumference The basket had 16 feet surface
and the balloon proper weighed pounds could
hold 900 vapor
Ridicule from large Assem- Sage was the portion
of the baoonists previous to their FIRST ascension But
ndlcule soon changed To awe and admiration when the
Montgofers made good their promise that the
air bag filled with the contraption would rise
Tn ten minutes after being filled, the balloon reached
height Of 5000 feet remained in the air threefourths
Of an hour only TO descend gently TO the earth because
of in the silk.
balloon fell 10 miles away from Annonay in
little village some OF the villagers seeing the
like the first time thought OF course il came from
another world; others decided il a monstrous
bird There We're those bold enough 10 approach il
for a closer examination. one shot at the de
mon. another tearing the silk. claimed he had skin
ned the devil and regretful of the stencil he had
created while doing. Thus the gas described.
Tales corresponding TO these circulated the
country to such degree that the French government
regularly advertised ascensOn that the public might
not be further. unduly aroused
Amateur balloonists spran4 Jp broadcast over
their country. They employed paper and gold-oeaers
skin however and their for the
part unworthy Of note.
ANOTHER MONTGOLFTER EXPERIMENT
one of the Montpelier brothers sent another
balloon at Versailles on Sept 49, 1888 The king and
queen all royalty to
cension. wicker was fastened the bottom
Of the balloon and in II we're placed q sheen and n
duck The balloon lao feet remained the
air only eight minutes and fell about two miles away
Two hunters found it hanging a the animals
unhurt, the sheep being found in such tran
quill and happy frame of mind to grains on the
leaves Of the tree.
when il proved that the animals had lived
through the experience Of baIlooning. began
taking the chance himself" King Louis
realized that such chances risky. say the
and decided send prisoners who had been
condemned TO death up on the FIRST trip. PLATE De
famous banoonist, opposed the plan the
ground that criminals should be given the priv
o clouds Rozier himself chosen
the first trip.
balloon which ROzier chose
oval-shaped and about in diameter. The lower