davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25
sWATTING FLY IN OLD JAPAN
Switches Of ooId-Foil Among the Chief
Decorations In the Main
Temple At NikIo.

The ornaments in the main temple nj
NikkO consist of a bronze mirror
plated with mercury. some gOld-pape
fiy-switches. and the pictures Of SOM
Of the famous poets of the good old
days when. l judge. poets were even
homelier than they are now. writes
Maynard Owen Williams in the Chris
tlan Herald. The mirror has a spe-
cial significance. and 80 have the awk-
ward-looking and rather gnrish n.y.
switches made Of gold-foil. At pres
ent. as the priest told me in carefully
memorized sentences, the royal family
gives coin instead of fiy-switches,
which Is just AZ acceptable to all con-
cerned. including the flies.
First Impressions are lasting, and
my first impression of Nfkko on this
visit was that Of bare stagings, mat
ting sheds. and repairs. II the NIkko
temples are to continue to attract pill
grims and tourists. they must be re-
paired and logged ont in fresh paint,
which Is as garish and colorful As the
decorations of a circus chariot.
In its older parts. the temples are
truly wonderful. Examine the carv-
ings with microscope. and they test
perfect. Run your hand over q three
hundred-year-old column, and 1t Is as
hard and smooth as glass, With its
lacquer surface glistening like ivory
from months Of rubbing and polishing.
But the repairing Is Of a very inferior
order. The repaired sections will DO
the frst to decay.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25
COLDS ARE COSTLY LUXURY
Can Usu-lIy Be Avoided by Following
Carefully q Few Simple Rules,
II Is Declared.

Common colds have been estimated
to cost the population Of certain states
S3,OOO,OOO year. Really. consider
Ing the advanced prices Of medicine
and the wages lost, only the wcll-to.do
can afford to catch cold. the New
Haven Times-I.cader observes.
But In this matter the poorest can
become plllanthropists. Whoever
manages to get through without his
annual sneezing or coughing spell Is
comforting benefit on the whole CON-
munity.
There are two ways Of cutting the
high cost Of colds for your own sake
and Of proving yourself public bene.
factor us well:
l. Avoid exposure to infection when
a member of the family brings a germ
cold into the house, and II you catch
a cold. sneeze and cough behind your
handkerchief and avoid injecting 9th
ers.
2. Drink two quarts Of water a day
sleep with your bedroom Window
wide oDen-never mind the snow out
side-cover up; sit, stand and wall
erect, and walk every day In the oper
air keep clean; eat slowly and do no
ent too much. Holiday fcnsts are re
sponsible for many hard cold.
Build up your vitality and you
physical resistance and taking col,
will cease to be part Of your year
~ history and tax On your income.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25
SHE HAD COLOR ENOUGH THEN
cemeiy Traveller Had No Complaint to
Make on That Score After confid.
Ing Internationally In Stranger.

She was In the Pennsylvania station
IA charming person, all fur ar1Ind
the hat and collar and all silk be.ow.
l wasn't aware her escort had just
stepped over to the stand for morn
Ing paper. That certainly wasn't the
reason dropped on the bench beside
her.. In fact, l observed her so little
(allbi stufr) that scarcely even no.
ttced that she had beauty spot on
her left cheek and little tendrils Of
strnw.cOlOred hair at her temples, and
most enhancing profile, or that she
was gazing ut herself in one of those
concealed mirrors in her handing.
But was no sooner seated than she
Informed me quite frankly:
II simply can't wear pink, dear |!
There's no use trying. I've so little
color 1t makes ME look positively
c0rpse-llke!'
She was mistaken about her color.
AS she turned to me, assure you I've
never seen any woman with more
color. Indeed, 1t was cflnsonly mp
parent that she'd appreciate 1t more IL
Id stroll over for my nightly confab
with the soda water man-whlch did,
In the daytime suppose the incident
would have been accompanied with
hauteur. But both she and her re-
turned "dear" favored me with a
grand grin as we took our train to.
gether.-New York Tribune.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25

@itte ipre&t bel uns Dor. penn ibr
in ben etaat iinb. 6ier betommt ibr
elm itbr antss 0ilen fur nur Soc.
. 'uel1 iab iebr bilis 1T. nod ben pr.i.
len gu re&nen. bic mir fur Sbre Bro
butte .beSotltn. 2ann tomm't uuo
built elm autes beutides Baftbaus aui-
bauen i'll @ur.r Stab. genn es
IN iur 'eHd auh mebr ,u Nuten
iusnn Sure Stab bIibt, uno msrum
t5nnen'.uniere heutite 5armer niht
eben'o gut itre EahI,eiten i'm 6o.si
nehmen. ipie bic nmtriianiide Sarmer.
2ieis aebsn in ons bo.el. siien iid5 out
loft une siebsn.irotlia ihres Neaens.
4eraee ie'ant ionnsn cs uuiers oeuiihe
Sarner aud natfn unb Tie .psresn
baourd and niat drmer. ganu
arst''ei nie'i nue iemm'i in nas
.Seiin" boisl. Git euh aui iaii uno
moot snii eem 6oisInirt f,sinrida
@iim yeianntihci. gsir rerlnuctn
nihs afhr ais anisr stsea su sna6xn.
nah iesss Sahr sin .,alehm" saae m
iaufsH, mic Shr 6armrr aaH.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25

When Warren reached the site OF the
former home Of the Truxtons he found
the family huddled in an old shed, rue
fully viewing the smoking ruins Of the
house.
"Some neIghbors were coming for
u.s." explained Edna. "but mother Is
sick and father wishes to get her to
her sister at Barry" and she was 30
friendly and pleading and in such q
forlorn plight Of homelessness that
Warren's honest heart warmed toward
her.
He got them to Barry and they were
duly welcomed by their relatives. War
rem waited the team outside a spell to
rest the tired horses. Edna came out
at last.
mir. Hayes-Warren. I mean, good
friend that you are! cnn impose on
your kindness still further? Our com.
ing here somewhat crowds Aunt Lydia,
and mother suggests that ] 90 to my
married sister Mt Brixton until we get
things righted somewhat"
"YOu mean, Gun drive you there7'
questioned Warren eagerly. II shall
be delighted. Only I'll put up the um'
i brella and get some dry robes from q
friend, and make you comfortable, as
you IRE dOubly welcome"
Edna was nearly crying with graft
tude. Warren thrilled us they started
up and she snuggled closely up to him
as a great sweep Of rain and the tenn
pest blast swept over them.
II should have got covered rig
apologized Warren. 1--WE could hav.
gone faster and this old knockabout Il
scarcely at for lady,"
"Why. saw Nellie and the rest o.
your folks SO comfortable in the Wagon
that envied you" burst forth Edn,
lmpetuously. "This is just grandl
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25

an 30 glad to have father and mother
safe and comfortable, thanks to you,
that I could fairly sing Tor happiness.
Oh! could ride around the world,
thus!'
One week later Felix Grove found
Ills desultory services with the law
firm dispensed with. He went to the
city seeking pastures new.
1t developed that he had borrowed
money on the rig presented to him by
his uncle. There was IN auction sale
and Warren was an attendant investor
ut the same.
"Dear Uncle Ezra" wrote Warren
about month later, 'your great gift
has brought me good fOrtune-and q
good wife,"
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25
How Many Do You Eat7

An expert in statistics has calculated
that woman marrying Mt twenty. and
caring for a family Of four children
until she is forty-five. will peel no
fewer than $4,000 potatoes for home
use.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25
Patriotic.

Patriotic.
Say, ma. We had o flag raising In
our room at school today" spoke VIII
liam. with hint Of q giggle.
Slime" commented mother. THAT
IL the proper spirit. indeed"
yes" Willie continued. you zee,
the flag WAS pasted on the window.
and I ratxed the window
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25

Mrs. d. have just bought tickets
cor Miss ks recital.
Mrs. B-who 10 shes
Nrs. D--A colorafura soprano.
Mrs B-i never cared Tor shoss
oGzs3 sin-crs.--:uncal America.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25
Good Advice,

Speak Of your happiness to the man
who is less happy than you are af.er
you have done>something to make him
happier than he is.-Exchnnge.
Emmons County record. [volume] (Williamsport, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1884-current, 1917-10-25
Some !&ptel
9eatt@es @attbauS
J'au 8. Ruete. gisentbhmer

Sssssts sssstAs essnsr In Der uvss..
SesD Sea xtutsa:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
Test of Nerve Give
Water to Fighting Men

Continued From Page One.)
to me that | should soon lose con-
tact with my hurrying comrades. and
music of the hurting shells stimu-
lated me to a fresh effort.
"For a couple of hundred yards
struggled forward, but, weak and be-
reft of wind, went down once more
and watched, with sort of guilty
desperation, the rear file of my party
disappear over ridge between two
lonely shell-stricken trees. 1t was
terrible to feel alone on that tortured
field, yet l was not altogether alone.
The fitful glares lighted up for me
the unmistakable faces and forms of
their way to the front line.
"a great WEAKNESS eized me. and
spell w-o is 40 nwn. 1t
in spite of the noise and uncanny
surroundings 1 could have gone to
sleep. A chagrined dread of failing
in my task nerved me, however. to
final effort. | found my way
through the stark sentinel trees. and
though wandering blindly, with no
further sense of direction, l finally
heard voices, British voices, and was
soon looking down into communica-
ton trench.
"'Get down quick, digger cried
an officer, Never mind your cans
"But those cans had become a
precious part of myself, and gripping
them affectionately 1 slithered into
the trench and comparative safety.
The experience had been thrilling
and unforgettable. but there was
water for sixteen men. And the
sight of the boys eagerly filling their
water-bottles made everything won
derfully worth while.
my comrades of the ration party
had duly delivered their burdens and
returned, SO that my journey back to
the dug-out had to be accomplished
| fairly squeamish as l climbed cut of
! that trench and faced that dreadful
field again. Every flare seemed to
me to have for it's sole motive the
discovery of my over wrought form
to the enemy
"After half an hour of well-nigh
hopeless wandering, shrieking shell
exploded so close to me that the con
cussion lifted my steel helmet from
my head and almost blew me off my
feet. At the same moment / tripped
over something and fell-between
two dead soldiers. They had fallen
facing each other, their arms eX-
tended. For a moment / envied them
their pain-free sleep.
! can inscrutable Providence, rather
than any conscious effort on my
part, brought me to my dank but
welcome dug out. My comrades Were
hugely relieved at the sight of me
for they had counted me among the
fallen
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
SPECIAL MUSIC At
ST. MICHAEL s

For years the special music in ST.
Michaels church on Christmas has
been a feature of the occasion, ap-
preciated by all music lovers, wheth-
err Catholic or non-Catholic, and yes
terday's program being no exception
to the high standard set, the church
was crowded at the solemn high
mass at five o'clock yesterday morn
ing.
Following was the program:
'-Romance'-Kagaroff.
"Cavatina"-Raff.
thlehem"-Carry.
Serenade"-Czernosk
"Postlude'-St. Cecile.
The following composed the or
chestra:
Violins-Mr. Max Heinberg. Miss
Lillian Jacoby, DR.. Bertram Damn
heiser, Ignatius Diaz.
Cello-Mr. Ray Dinsmore and Mr..
Abraham Diaz.
Cornet-Mr. Robt. j. Diaz
Trombone-Mr. Theodore Diaz
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
AGED PENSACOLA
LADY PASSES AWAY

Mrs. Jas. Sheppard, aged "a years,
asd a resident of Pensacola for more
than sixty years, expired Christmas
afternoon at $3.50 o'clock, at her late
Aens. No. $50 West Gregory street.
Tke funeral will take place this aft
eynoon at o'clock, at the First
Presbyterian church, the interment
to be made in st. Johns cemetery.
DR.. A. S. Moffett, pastor of that
church, will preach the funeral SER
mon.
She is survived by three sons and
two daughters. One son, Edward
Sheppard, resides in Penacola. James,
another son, lives in New Orleans,
and Charles, the third, in st. Louis.
Deceased, residing in Pensacola for
more than three-score years, was
one of the oldest members of the
First Presbyterian church, and her
works of charity and benevolence
were many but were of an unassum-
ing nature, and she surrounded her
self with countless friends. Her de-
mise, therefore, is deeply deplored by
a large circle, for "she was a grand
old lady," according to the generally
expressed opinion.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
PEhsACOn's WAR
CHRISTMAS QUIET

Christmas in Pensacola. the first
war Yuletide, was a comparatively
quiet one. There were practically
no disturbances to speak of, and de-
spite the fact that thousands OF
strangers were in the city. disorders
of a serious nature were unknown.
In the Christmas morning city court
session more than half hundred
cases were docketed, but few We're OF
a serious nature. Two were up for
carrying concealed weapons, and one
case was disposed of by the defen-
dant being fined 500 and costs. One
man was tried for furnishing liquor
to American service men and bound
over to the United States authorities.
Beyond the cases stated, however,
there was nothing to speak of. Com
paratively light fines were imposed.
In the county Jail few arrests were
made. and most of these were from
outside the city. Late in the evening
a negro woman and man were ar
rested by deputies on charges of hav-
ing engaged in an affray, the man
having been seriously slashed with a
razor. That, however, was the ex-
tent of the law violation in the
county.
f. Up to late hour, so far as could
be learned, nothing serious had been
reported from any other point in the
county.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
Novel Manner Combating
Submarines Is Worked Out

Stockholm, Dec. 25.-Two of the
methods by which the British are eff
fectively fighting the German sub
marine are by the use of new micro
phone detectors and explosive bombs
of enormous power, according to a
writer in the Tidningen, an author
ity on technical information.
English experts have lately SO
perfected the use of the microphone
on submarine vessels, says the
writer, that they are able to steer
accurately and automatically down
on the submarine, while formerly
they We're unable to locate a vessel
beneath the surface The micro
phones are placed below the water
close to the keel of the vessel, and
answer the same purpose as the mi
crophones of a telephone. By listen
ing to the beat of the submarines
propeller they can determine the ex-
act location of the enemy and attack
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26

him before he has the slightest idea
of what is happening.
The detection instruments used
with the nicrophones are very COM
pick. One of them shows the dis
lance of the submarine on a grad
uated scale, the indicator responding
electrically to the sound from the
submarines propellors. The varia-
lions of distance are shown with
marvellous accuracy. Another de-
vice shows whether the enemy is on
the port or starboard side. The
electro magnet hand moves to the
side on which the sound is loudest
and the ship is guided accordingly.
When the proper spot is reached
bombs are dropped in the same man.
ner as from airplanes. Their under
water force is so great that they can
destroy submarine hundred and
fifty feet f1~sn the point of explo-
sion.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
Daily Weather
Report
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
Weather Bureau.
Charles F.. Marvin, Chief.

DAILY weather Bulletin.
Pensacola, Fla, Dec. %, 1917.
PensacOla's Data.
Temperature: highest on record for
December II degrees.
Lowest on record for December II
degrees.
Day Temperatures in December
usually rise TO 62 degrees.
Night temperature in December
usually fall to 46 degrees.
Highest temperature "a hours end
ing p. M, Sc degrees.
Lowest temperature, "a hours end
ing p. M, Sc degrees.
Rainfall for "a hours ending p.
M, 83 inches.
Normal rainfall for the month Of
December Alt inches. !.
Total rainfall this month to z p.
M, 2.69 inches.
Total deficiency this year to No
vember 3Oth, 3.S4 inches.
Humidity, Z p. m, 80 per cent.
Barometer, p. M, 30.12.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
BRITISH AIRPLANES
lombard GERMANY

London, Dec. 25.-Mannhem. Ger
many. was bombarded by a British
squadron early Monday. Ton bombs
were dorpped, and several fires were
started. One British machine is
missing
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
RAZOR WELDED BY
NEGROES IN FIGHT

Robert Stephens, colored, was
treated at the county Jail last eve
ming for an ugly cash on one of his
arms, which he claimed had been
done by Nell Williams, also colored,
both of whom were arrested and
placed in the county Jail and charged
ems stated to officers that he had a
disagreement with some woman. and
that the one who assaulted him, as
he claims, was not in the original
falling out, it was reported.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
Nearly 2,0OO Blue
Jackets Guests of City
Continued from First Page)

make the entertainment success
were Mrs. Max Bear in charge of
the table decorations. Mrs. J. c..
Durham and Mrs. c.. w. Lamar
c. H. Mann chairman of the en-
tertainment and sports committee
with the other members, w. Ch;pley
Jones, Mayor johnson, H. H. DIAL
emberte. and Henry Yonge. were re-
sponsible for the general arrange
ments and the success in handling so
much detail.
The Woman's War Work Council
had charge of the pantomime play
which was staged so we'll after 90
short time to practice.
The committee sent out provisions
Christmas afternoon to be dis
tributed by the Y. NJ. C. A. to the
men unable to get off duty.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
BEATEN AND ROBBED
BY SIX NEGRO MEN

Six negroes stopped and assaulted
G. w. Fistel and H. F. Sellars, on
North Palafox street near the city
limits, early Christmas morning,
beating the white men and taking
from one of them the. sum of $40,
and also a knife which Mr.. Sellars
priced very much. A report of the
trouble was reported by the two vic
Tins to the police station, and a de-
scription furnished of the black as
sailants, but there were no arrests.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
CONGRESSIONAL PROBES
BE CONTINUED THURSDAY

Washington, Dec. 25.-Congres-
sional investigation of war opera
tions and problems will resume in
full swing tomorrow after short
Christmas recess, although congress
itself does not reconvene until jan
uary 3.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-12-26
Italians Are Holding -
Back the Germans
Continued from First Pager

been overlooked, as the Red Cross
provided for all of them. The Ameri-
can ambulance at Neuilly has a
Christmas tree for the patients and
the other American hospitals pro-
vided dinners and entertainment. The
American field service gave a dinner
to former members last night at
their old headquarters.
New Britain herald., 1917-11-01
SWEDISH BETHANY NOTES.

The pastor OF the Swedish Bethaxt
church. Rev. q. e. Phil, left -
Brockton, Mass, today and will 1Ie
turn Sunday afternoon. Sunday rnof1sS
ing Rev. Ragnar A. LndblAd
Orange. Mass, will give q sermon an,'
in the afternoon at a special meetin
of the Young Peoples society. to ID
held at o'clock. he will speak. An
address on camp life will also ~
given by Councilman Edward Peter
son, president of the society. who u
at Camp Devens with the National
Army.
]. p. johnson. who was the flrst
president of the church, now resids
ing In Kansas, has mailed Rev. MEs
Phil 500. Someone had commuIa-1
Gated with Mr.. Johnson and explaipsA
that fund was being taken up k9s
an organ and he responded In TN
above generous manner. Last SUNDAY
$50 was donated at the annual sun
day school festival by the children
for the poor of the church.
New Britain herald., 1917-11-01

The war tears the nation asuhA04as
The patriotism Of one race clashes
against that Of another. 1t is good
to refresh our minds, after this crueka
sight, by contemplation OF the dogma
of the communion of saints.
Heaven. purgatory and the eart'As
form but a single Catholic family IN
which the souls have all one FAthNE,
our thrice Holy God. Father, Son afA
Holy Ghost; one Mother In the heAv-s
ems the Blessed Virgin Mary; one
Mother only on earth during their ex-a
lie, the Holy Roman Church; one Me-
diator only, between God and men,
Christ Jesus.
AS between Inhabitants of theA1z
three Kingdoms, let us practice Tia
exchange of our prayers. our good
works, and our sufferings.
1t Is written, in the first Book OF
Machabees that Jonathan, anxious to-
maintain friendly relations with tho
Lacedemonians, caused them to be aa-s
sured that always. at all solemn feaafA
the Jewish people kept memory "
them. in sacrifices and religious obs
servances; TOR" he added, sit 10 meet
and becoming to remember brethren
In tho second Book Of the same inAs
spired work, 1t is recorded that JudxAs
Machabeus, on the day after a BATH
that had demanded great number ~
victims, ordered that there should b. u
collection, so that a sacrifice OF exc
piation for the dead might be held 1t
Jerusalem. Thinking well and reliE-i
iously," adds the Book, inspired hy
faith in the resurrection of the dead
Cor II he had not hoped that thN#
that were slain should rise again. 1e
would have seemed superfiuous and
vain to pray for the dead.) He COM.
sidered moreover, that they who hA4.
fallen asleep with godliness had grOe4
grace laid up for them, and that AZ
was q holy and wholesome Thoughts
Whereupon he had celebrated for thD
dead a service Of expiation, to the OI1A
that they might be delivered FROM
their SINS"
With a better claim even than thN
| just OF the Old Law. we sons OF ~
| New Alliance desire to protest, by thu
pious memory we hold Of our AbaN1A
| brothers. by our almsgiving and our
| SURFACES for the dead. that We be-
ieve In the communion OF saints, ai
| the remission of sins. In the resurreHs
ton Of the flesh and in the life eters
| nal: "Credo in sAnctorufn communs
ionem. remtssionem peccatorum. car,
! mis- resurrectionem. vitam ,aeternAnAe
| Amen" @ llj. 4
(signed) D. ]. Card. MERC1HE M
Archbishop OF MellN0
New Britain herald., 1917-11-01
STOP CATARRH! OPEN
M0STRILS AND HEAD
Says Cream Applied In Nostrila
Relieves Head.C Colds ct Once.

If your nostrils are clogged and your
head Is stuffed and you can't breathe
freely because of cold or catarrh,
Just get a small bottle Of Ely's Cream
Balm at any drug store. Apply =
little Of this fragrant antiseptic cream
into your nostrils and let 1t penetrate
through every air passage OF yQnr
head soothing and healing the IN
famed, swollen mucous .n1embran0
and you get instant relief.
All! how good it feels. Your nos.
trils are open, your head Is clear, no
more hawking, snufflng, blowing; no
more headache, dryness or struggling
for breath. Ely's Cream Balm is just
what sufferers from head colds and
catarrh need. It's a delight.
New Britain herald., 1917-11-01
so DECEPTIVE
Many New Britain People Fail to
Realize the Seriousness.

Many New Britain People Fail to
Realize the Seriousness.
Backache Is so deceptive.
It comes and goes-keeps you
guessing.
Learn the cause-then cure 1t.
Possibly It's weak kidneys.
That's why Doan's Kidney Pills are
so effective.
They're especially for weak or dis
ordered kidneys.
Here's q New Britain case.
Mrs. r. Hopkins. 20 Bigelow st..
says: II had sharp. shooting pains
right across the small OF my back.
They bothered me mostly In the
morning. When I moved certain
way or bent over it felt just like &
knife being driven into my back.
Doan's Kidney Pills soon gave me ro-
lief and three boxes entirely cured
me-" E
60c. at all dealers. Foster Milbura
Co.. Mfgrs. Bualo, N. 7.