davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18
THE HERALD'S
XMAS NUMBER

This week the Herald comes
to its readers in bright
Christmas cover which enclos-
es sixteen pages of news,
Christmas stories, poems and
pictures. Also these pages con-
tain many columns of we'll
prepared advertisements in
which the various merchants
are telling Of their offerings
to the holiday gift buyers.
The readers of the Herald
are urged to pay particular
attention to the advertise
ments in this weeks paper.
Read the various suggestions
made by the different mer-
chants. Many are offering
special prices and by looking
over these you may be able
to save a considerable sum of
money.
The Herald's Christmas
number was not published
without great deal of extra
expense and labor and the
management sincerely hopes
that the readers will be
pleased with this holiday Of
fering.
1t is also a pleasure at this
time to extend to our friends
and patrons the greetings of
the seasonal Merry Christ
mas and a Happy New Year"
We appreciate the evident
goodwill of our. many friends
in Boundary county. We want
to thank all those who have
from time to time sent or
telephoned news items and in
other ways expressed their
; kindly interest in the Herald
and it's success. May the COM
ing year have more of JOY
and less of sorrow for all.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18

Germany is not broken.
She will not be starved
into submission.
She will not dethrone the
Kaiser.
Germany has been a ma
ton regimented for thirty
years.
Her entire resources and
activities are devoted to the
maintenance of her army.
Her power is vast.
To break it is a stupen-
dous task.
France has contended glor-
iously for three years and
is practically at her maxi
mum strength.
Great Britain has confined
the enemy to the land for
three years and made val
orous combat there.
She is nearing the full
ness of her power.
Russia's mighty strength
of three years is falling to
decay.
ltaly's splendid power has
been weakened.
The United States entry
into the war is more than a
grim adventure.
1t enters life and death
struggle between two phil
osophies of government
The institutions under
which we i've and move and
have our being are at stake.
These are facts stated in
simple words.
They are the most impor-
tant facts with which we
have ever been confronted.
Wishes, hopes and dreams
will not avail.
Salvation of the institu-
tons we cherish depends
upon acts-the acts of indi-
viduals as much as the acts
of government.
We must be awake and
alert.
We must lend no ear to
those who would betray our
country by staying the pro-
gress of the war.
We can only win by the
will to win-and the will
to win means the will of
every individual whose heart
is true to his country
"Office Appliances"
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18
Curley Creek Entertainment

E. B. Schlette and Miss Loretta
Lynch, teacher of the Curley Creek
school, were in the city Saturday
buying candies, nuts, fruits, ETC., for
the big Christmas treat which will
follow a program of songs, recita-
tons and music at the Curley Creek
schoolhouse the evening of Deem
Der 22nd. The Curley Creek and
Sw anson schools will unite in the
program and entertainment. Mr..
Schlette reports that about $40 was
subscribed for the Christmas treat.
Dancing will conclude the evenings
fun to which everyone is invited.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18

Capt. and Mrs. Myers, of the Sal
walton Army were in Boomers Ferry
Saturday, Sunday and Monday solicit
ing funds for the relief work the
Salvation Army is doing among the
soldiers in Europe. Capt. and Mrs.
Myers spoke at the Union church
Sunday morning and at the Metho-
dist church Sunday evening.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18
AN EASY WAY TO
SAVE FIFTY CENTS

If you renew your subscrip-
ton to the Herald before Jan
uary list it will only cost you
$1.5O. If you wait until after
January LIST the subscription
price will be $500. Don't
put this off and then tell the
Editor you forgot. After jan
uary LIST the price will be
$500 and there will be no
deviations.
The Herald is offering an
attractive clubbing proposition
and anyone interested in Sc
curing good reading matter
pertaining to the farm and
home, should look up our
special offers.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18

c. ]. Daufau has just completed
the building of a residence for E. o.
Smiley, a newcomer at Porthill from
Montana. Mr.. Smiley is preparing
to get out ties and cedar products
for Mr.. paufau this winter.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18
new MEMBERSHIP LIST OF THE RED CROSS AUXILIARY


t. December hwa28 in is
Miss Cayefn ppors hd LON hand t the
having for sewing materials for
pbo n$
tons nd rom
The oh the Nal Ir p an hpd15 t pal
23be 4shets2p pillow ~ dk pair
Sscnfs0 pair o a nd a number o g@
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18

Bernice Spaulding
Mrs. Geo. Meyers
Mrs. L. ]. Johnson
Mrs. d. Dion
Mrs. ]. w. Reid
Mrs. H. S. Swenson
Mrs. George Loughney
Georgia Loughney
Mrs. Woolivine
Ida Winterbo.tom
Mrs. c. L. Heinz
Mrs. Elmer Osborn
Mrs. E. 2. Miley
Mrs. w. S. Walker
w. S. Walker
Mrs. o. H. Campbell
E. May Palmer
Mrs. G. S Collins
Mrs. Perry Wilson
Mrs. B. Baden
Susan Chastek
Mrs. A. Wickstrom
Mrs. f. j. Wilson
Mrs. w. M. Miller
Mrs. j. r. Meeker
Marie Wales
Miss z. Snyder
Mrs. M. C. Snyder
Mrs. f. H. O'Brien
Mrs. f. S. Cave
Genevieve Johnson
Mary Maclin
Mrs. George Irving
Mrs. H. F. Storm
Mrs. G. w. Megduier
Mrs ]. Fogelsong
Mrs. A. l.. Fry
Mrs. F. H. Bush
Louizette Moore
Mrs. F.. Z. Fry
Mrs. A. V. Hemming
A. Mcdonald
l.. f. Hewer
]. E. Rreen
Sam Johnson
Ed. P. Kewn
David Nelson
Frank Edmonds
ID. T. Deselm
James c. Bush
Harriet Middaugh
D. P. Dayton
Mrs. ]. w. Hart
w. H. Castle
Marie Muhlfeld
Stephena Lynch
Mrs. Douglas Palmer
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1917-12-18

Mrs. r. braves
Mrs. F. f. Murray
Mrs. Floyd. Howe
Mrs. VIM. WEIGH
Mrs. H. Thompson
Mrs. w. F. Kinnear
Mrs. o. R. Stookey
Mrs. E. H. Wells
VIM. Johnson
M. M. Fry
Mrs. B. F. Payne
Mrs. M. S. Fisher
Glatha Smith
Catherine Croker
Marg rite Loughney
Virginia Worley
Flea, OF Calvin
Catherine Callahan
Agnes Callahan
l.. G. Wallis
L. N. Brown (subscrib)
". D. Baxter
j. /. Monks
NJ. P. DeWolf
Mrs. j. A. Transeau
Mrs. o. H. Jackson
Mrs. Ellina McGlocklin
Mrs. J. F. Smith
Mrs. G. H. Wilbur
Mrs. VIM. Kinnear
Lillian O'Callaghan
Mrs. Lille Duvall
Mrs. j. J. Kindschuh
z. Nj Flood
Mrs Z. M. Flood
Laurel Gleed
Stella Stoos
Mrs. J.. K. Ringstead
Thelma Ringstead
Mrs. Ella McGlocklin
Mrs. Ada Butler
Mrs. James Welch
Mrs. Mary MOI ION
Mrs. H. Carlson
Mrs. A. d. WEIGH
Mike Fitzpatrick
S. E. Henry
Mrs C.. Charles
Mrs. Chas. Osberg
Mrs. M. M. Fry
Mrs. Ermine Johnston
Mrs. L. R. Henderson
Mrs. c. c. Howard
Mrs. w. H. Heathersha'
Berdine Gines
Fife Dunn
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
+ = = !. i. 4. i. 4. 1. i. 1. !; !. !. !. i.
Mapping t1s United States.

Beginning nearly forty years ngo 10
construct accurate topographic and
geologic maps of both the known and
the UNEMPLOYED regions of the United
States. the United States geological
survey has speedily progressed with
this part of its work until topographic
maps of 40 per cent Of the country are
now published, besides maps for large
areas in Alaska and Hawaii Exten-
sive areas have also been covered hy
geologic maps. and all the work from
the beginning of the field survey 10
the printing Of the finished map is
done by this government bureau. 9th
er activities of the survey are the
classification of public lands, the an
nual collection of mineral statistics of
the United States and Investigations
Of the nations water resources, all in
volving the publication Of scientific and
technical reports containing over 10
600 pages annually.
During the last thirty years over
S15.0O0,0o0 has been spent by the geo.
logical survey in geologic and topo-
graphic surveys in the United States.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
SEEING Distances.

About 200 miles III every direction Is
the distance man can see when stand
ing on a clear day on the peak Of the
highest mountain-say at height Of
2606S feet. or little over five miles
above the level Of the sea. An OBJ
server must be at a height Of G.6G7
feet above sea level to see objects at II
distance of a hundred miles. The dis
lance In miles at which an object upon
the surface Of the earth Is visible Is
equal to the square root Of one and
onehalf times the height Of the OBJ
server in feet above sea level. Some
allowance has to be made for the eff
feet Of atmospheric refraction. but as
the refraction varies at different heights
and Is affected by the various states OF
the weather no precisely accurate tg.
ures for general purposes can be given
Probably from fourteenth to one,
tenth Of the distance given by the
formula would have to be deducted
owing to the refraction Of the atmos
phere.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
WAR ECONOMY.

Z There are TWO economic IDEAS that
have sharply FLASHED since we entered
the war. One il represented by voc
ifrous advice to the nation to practice
economy. The other is represented
In the slogan, Business as usual
The two seem antagonistic, but are
not necessarily So
1t Is chiefly a question Of what is
meant by economy II it is to be
carried to an extreme OF stinginess,
and applied Unfortunately to all
lines Of expenditure, the result will
certainly be disastrous. 1t will check
buying In every branch of business ex-
cept those heavily affected by war or
ders. 1t will therefore check produc
ton. TIE result will inevitably be
hard times. And hard times added to
war times would mean an appalling
misfortune.
Economy Is needed imperatiyely If
we are to win the war, avoid needless
sugering and mitigate the suffering Of
the rest of the world But it must
be intelligent economy It must be
economy applied not to curtailmenf of
normal sensible production and con.
sumption Of necessaries of life, but to
gthe elimination of waste. 1t must be
frugallty-not parslmony or miserli.
ness.
Y The one big department Of our econ
omic life In which we must practice
frugality Is in the handling of food
Probably half the food produced IN
the United States Is wasted in ordin
AIRY years. on the farm or in shipment
ior In storage or In stores or in kitch
ems or on tables That waste mus,
be avoided.
Care must be taken that all avail
able food produced shall be got to tn,
consumer In disable condition. ant
That the consumer himself shall moi
waste It when he gets it. This ap
plies particularly to the common
staples. We must make our -four
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
RANSOM.
= uvvuSuvS co. . Z

Clarence Bradish, of Joliet, spent
the week with his mother
Miss Carolyn Bosley returned home
from Oak Park. H.. after spending
the past two weeks with her brother,
w f, Bosley. -##.
John nettemann and Henry Hates
spent the week at Washington attend
ing the annual conference of the
Evangelical church.
F.. r. Hagi, J. C. Deegan and Geo.
Miller visited the Macon High School
Tuesday.
Or. d. A. Harwood and wife return
ed home Tuesday morning from a
weeks stay in Florida
Rev. T. W. Puffer returned home
from La Sale Tuesday, after at
tending the meeting of the La Sale
County Ministerial association.
The Allen Improvement Club Will
meet in the village Hall, Thursday
May 3. The club is making great
efforts to have a large attendance at
this meeting. AL. f. SChoch, Of Otta
wa will be present and give an in
teresting address on Banking OF
What Women Should know about
Banking Laws"
The ladies of the Helping HAND
/ Club met with Mrs VIM, Magee
Thursday afternoon Owing to thu
Indictment weather only six members
we're present The next meeting viii
be held at Mrs r. Porters in two
weeks
! Miss Minerva Manchester, b. T. dra
matte artist of Lockport, N. Y. gave
/ an entertainment in Hagis hall Sat
urday evening The following program
was given.
Piano Duet Leta a. Lyla Miller
How the vote was won,
(a) Malndy Sings.
Oh A Confidence
MUSIC OeleCttu Mhlt Qudi tcttV'
Counting Scene Dad Says SO Any
how.
The story f. Patsy
The School Exhibition at Cedanville
Piano Solo l.. b. Mrr1ock.
Library Scene from--The Lion AM
the Mouse.
Music Quartette
The Wedding from Mary Caray
The American Flag.
Joe Bakel, Of Hammond, Ind. spen
Sunday here with friends
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Kittemann ant
Mr.. and Mrs. w J, .Seguin ATTENDED
the * Of G. entertainment In Streato
Thursday evening.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01

corn meal, potatoes, beans and rice
go as far as possible We can make
them go nearly twice as far by better
methods of farming, transportation,
distribution and culinary preparation
NOT overlooking the avoidance of
sluttQuy
Nearly all of US eat more than is
good for u.s. A little tightening of
the American belt will be fine for Am
eriCan health and will help to keep
ether nations from starving
In every other fundamental depart
ment Of living expenditure it is safe
to say Spend your money as usual.
Consume as usual 1t Is we'll to avoid
frivolous spending, but ruinous to
avoid spending money for things which
you would buy in ordinary times
clothing, shoes, furniture, reading mat
ter and other necessaries and conven-
fences of civilized life. Costly lux
rr,es had better be banned. II the
| lnGr stries thereby affected suffer for
the time being, 1t cannot be helped.
Most of them will soon readjust them
selves to the new conditions and their
employees will find profitable employ.
ment in other lines. There are not
many Industries that will be affected
by this moderate policy.
Along with frivolous spending may
be ranked what we might call frivo
lous investment The safest thing to
q y for anyone who has money to In
'est, or anyone who saves money by
sensible economics, Is to buy wal
bonds That will help win the war
and by keeping the money in clrcula
tion will help keep business good.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
TREAsoNABLE PROFITS.

There are two big factors in our
food problem. One is production
The other is control 1t will do little
good to speed up production unless
we keep down prices.
Nearly all the effort of the govern
ment and the public thus far has been
devoted to the one purpose OF raising
more foodstuffs. And while this pa
triotic activity has been going on, with
excellent results, there has been a
counter-move on the part of specula'
tors. middlemen and tradesmen 10
boost prices. Unless that move is
effectively checked, consumers VIII
lose all the benefit Of bigger crops
and the nation as a whole VIII for'
felt the reward of its labor to a small
class of sordid and unpatriotic citi'
zens.
The federal government, inqulring
into the food prices now prevailing In
our big cities. has announced there
is no Just ground for the high prices
OF many products demanded of the
consumer at this time The propa-
ganda for more food has been capital
lied by SPECTATORS and dealers for
their own purposes. They are talk
ing exhorbitant profits now on the
basis of theoretical scarcity In the
future And II they are not curbed
they will do likewise with the new sea
sons crops, no matter how large al
sincrease there may be.
n Whether we have much food or lit
tile, there is no excuse whatever In
this bitter war time for exhorbitant
profits. The man who tries to squeeze
sundue profit out of the food that pass
ses thru his hands Is traitor.
The public must have square deal
IF the extortion doesn't stop, well
have to have pricehxing by the gov
eminent.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
Caustic Criticism.

A young New York man. member
Of one Of the first families as far as
wealth is concerned had been in the
habit of writing poems, which, unable
to dispose Of, he managed to get print.
ed in certain publications by paying
therefor at advertising rates. He at
tended a social gathering at which a
cynical old fellow named Timble. who
despised the would be poet, knowing
Of his manner Of obtaining publicity,
Glanced to be present. The rich young
man lost no chance Of referring to his
works" and finally remarked. osten-
tatiously. that he was born on the same
day that Washington Irving died,
Both Of which occurrences" snap
ped old Timble, have had very de-
pressing effect upon American itera-
ture"
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
To PLACE
BIG MEN ON STATES
DEFENSE COUNCIL
GOVERNOR PREPARING LIST or
LEADERS WHO WILL PUT ILL.
NoIs ON WAR FooTING-sEEKS
ELlGlBLES.

Springfield, ILL.,, May Some OF the
most prominent men in Illinois will be
asked to devote practically their en-
tire time without compensation to the
work OF the state council of defense.
Governor Lowden last night outlined
som: of his ideas regarding the pro-
posed council lie will appoint tif-
teen members of the council either to-
day or Wednesday following the pass
age tomorrow by the house OF the bill
already passed by the senate.
The council will be made up Of
representatives of the different lines
of business and other activities con
cerned in tho war, said Governor
Lowden. 81 am asking the biggest
men | can find in each line of en-
deavor to serve on the council.
These men win be obliged to de-
vote nearly all their time to the work
| intend to turn over TO them all
var matters that come before me. At
present | am receiving all kinds of
communications from individuals and
organizations and from federal govern
ment departments and officials.
THE state council OF defense will CO.
ordinate all the different activities and
will cooperate to the fullest possible
extent with the national body of n
similar nature. 1t will be genuine
working body and should prove Of
great service
Samuel insult of Chicago, who is
slated for chairman OF the council
will go to Washington this week to
attend the conference OF representa-
/ tives of defense councils from the
various states.
The House held session Monday
afternoon. at which considerable
number OF bills was advanced.
Illness of Representative Shurtleff,
chairman of the Republican steering
committee. may prevent action this
week by the house on civil service
bills. Labor bills are set for action
in the house on Wednesday.
The senate may pass a private bank
bill this week. The house committee
on banks and banking is scheduled to
wrestle with the subject again to-
morrow.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
FINAL SETTLEMENT.

Elmer +. Roberts, Attorney.
Estate Of John Wishard Brisgs, de
ceased .,,.s.. ...
Notice is hereby given to all per-
sons interested in said Estate, that
the undersigned Executor of the last
will and testament of said John
Wishard Briggs, deceased will appear
before the Probate Court Of the Coun-
~ of La Sale and state Of Illinois, at
the County Court House, in Ottawa
in said County, on Monday the llth
day of June A. T. 1917, for the pur'
pose of rendering on account OF ms
proceedings in the administration oil
said Estate for final settlement, Wheh
and where any and all persons inter
csted may appear and show cause, II
any there be, why such account should
not be approved by the Court
Dated in ottawa, this 3oth day OF
April, 1917
Attest JAMES Il. PATTERSON'
EDW G. ZIT,M. Executor
Clerk Probate Court, LA safe
County III.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
A Left Handed Compliment.

Ma" said little Harry, "I'll tell you
what you ought to do"
what, dearl" his mother asked,
You ought to go over to live In
some country where the people are
Mohammedans.
What on earth ever put such a
thought IA that into your dear head,
darling?'
Cause over there they think all fat
women are beautiful"
Harry, If you dare to open your
mouth again this evening you will be
sent to bed with nothing to eat
Chicago Herald.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01

Estate Of Patrick McGrath, deceaS-
ed.
Notice is hereby given that the I'M
dersjgncd, Administrators OF the cstat2
Of Patrick McGrath, late OF the County
Of La Sale and state of Illinois, de-
ceased, will appear before the Probate
Court of said County, on the first Mon
day (being the second day. OF July,
1917, at the Probate Court Room, IN
Ottawa. in said County, when anu
where all persons having claims or de-
mands against said estate are notliieu
to attend and present the same III
writing for adjustment.
Dated the list day of May, A. d ,
1917
JAMES ]. McGRATH,
Administrator.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
CAPITAL AWAITING
WORD OF TORPED0ED
TANKER VACUUM

Washington, d c., May 1--Ofiicial
information of the sinking of the Am
erican ship Vacuum from which 1t Is
believed the captain and ten members
Of the naval gun crew including lieu
tenant were drowned, was received by
the State Department today.
With official confirmation OF the
sinking at hand. the Navy Department
still refused to make known the names
Of the missing naval lieutenant and
nine gunners until their fate Is fully
established
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
CALENDAR OF ILLINOIS HISTORY

MAY /, 1s4i-Spoon River Naviga-
ton. Flatboats loaded with about lZo
tons of pork and bacon left Ellisville,
in the interior of Fulton County anu
passed safely down Spoon River into
the Illinois. These boats were upward
of 10 feet in length, II in breadth, ana
belonged to Isaac Sawyer, Jr.. an en-
terprising citizen of Ellisville.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
Nonsinkab BILE Safes For Ships.

Nonsinkable safes so placed that
they will rise to the surface az soon
as ship sinks are the invention Of
Menoti Nanni The Popular Science
Monthly IN describing them tells Of the
hundreds Of millions Of dollars now at
the bottom Of the sea that might have
been saved by their use.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
PRACTICAL HEALTH HINT.
HeIpina Digestion.

!. Many persons dread TO eat what
+ Is ordinarily considered a good
= dinner for fear of the resulting
!. after effects. Foods that are wen
+ masticated and eaten slowly are
!. not apt to cause indigestion, par
= ticularly IL an acid dessert is TAX
= en- at the end of the meal instead
: Of sweet dessert. FuddingS and
!. pies are sweet and not we'll di-
= geSted by persons disposed to
!. have dyspepsia. Too frequently
+ the dessert is hurriedly eaten
= and not we'll masticated This
= neglect makes such substances Of
: greater indlgestibility
!. The belching. swelling aud full
+ feeling SO frequently complained
= of after meals viii be cured and
= prevented by eating acid fruits
+ for dessert. Apples, apricotS,
T. peaches, pears. oranges and
!. grapes are excellent for this pur-
= pose. Pineapples are excellent
= too. The gastric juice lin the
= stomach normally contains
!. about > per cent hydrocbloric
= acid. If this acid is insufficient
:. for any reason of i'll health di
!. gestion is interfered with. So 1t
!. is therefore easy to aid digestion
i. by eating acid fruits.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
Stockholders Annual Meeting

Take notice that the annual meeting
of the stockholders of the Marseilles
Land and Water Power Company to
elect directors for the ensuing year,
and transact such other business as
may come before the meeting, will
be held at the office of the Company
at Marseiles, Illinois, on the second
Tuesday in May, being May s, 1917 at
3 p. m,
Dated April 81, 1917,
TAYLOR STRAWN, Secretary.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01
An Exception.

Johnnies father had a comfortable
income that did not require that he
should have any settled occupation
and the only thing in the nature OF
work that Johnnie had ever seen him
do was to write checks. At school
Mary announced that her father was a
doctor
"My father Ia n lawyer" said Ed
ward
johnnie thought a moment and Their
said. "My father pays his debts
St Louis Globe Democrat.
Free trader-journal. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1916-1920, 1917-05-01

I know women who consider 1t their
sacred duty TO tell their husbands every
unpleasant thing that has happened IN
the house the minute they put their
foot across the doorstep, after days
work.--Dorothy DIX.