davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

tered with feUais
 tr uble, backache.
 nervous spa lIs and
 the blues. My chiI- dreH 8 loud talking and romping would make me so nervous 1 could just tear erything to pieces and 1 would ache all and feel SO sick that would n 0 | anyone to talk
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

Rcd Cross Ball Blue. made in America therefore tHe best, delights the bausewls All good grocers. Adv.
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
SC Pretense.

"Bf1 Says he would like to enlst but he would be rejected on account of his teeth.
 Merely an excuse. He hasn't ga luN..
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
To Drive Out Malaria
 And Build t'p The System

Take the old Staa5aHd GEONEsS TASTELESS chill TONIC You know what you are nking. as the formula is printed en every label showing if is Quinine and Iron in a tasteless form The Quinine drives out malaria. the Iron builds up tue system. so cents.
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
A Libel on the Sex.

Pa. Who invented leap yearT1
 Some woman, son. who Was get ting tired of annual birthdays
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
FIERY RED PINPLES
That Itch and Rasa Are Usually Eezematoa-cutiouHa Quickly Heata.

It uaa5s Hatu s.asHa=Aaz tata sIaa Clt.clra snap followed HE a E. application eI C4.#a ea4a.s sa the most G.-'r.- af-.ruae eczemas. EIeAtl4s H#H HAlcs L. prove tA#.r wonderful. fe#seHss #HH cr. aLsa .4eal tlr .E6fE=laN. tnII.-...e.
 Free seHnle.eaaH Is Hth Eeas. AIlresa puslarI. l4-elLa pept [. Boston. Sold eE#H. .fH Htfe.-Ads,
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
Australia Has Most Sheen.

Ansfralia. it Is estimated, contains sheep.
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

When aspiration k tran~muted into precipitation if begins to b. effective.
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
EerI

'}aa t.-- .raea i.-M tho iu .r.t-a.ar
 I,l ~eulter nI.H iau Ea a.-gt H8#te 'U wa-u'r of sufficient H4rtuce rr fe n.rsuaaH
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
NERVOUSNESS
 AND BLUES
Symptoms of More Serious
 Sickness.

Washington Park, Ill- sn the mother of four children and have suf-
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
Not for Cnnscrintion-

"Do sau believe In eoHserlptionaa
 No. I've no faith in those drug giSts. I always use all the old-fash. toned remedies"
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

rKNEEaaR is no more necessary kShHHkEa than 5 n ailpox. AfuY skkJk1 experience has 3eaaonstfatro
 the almost miraculous eff eacy, and harleGsness of AnttYp hold Vaccination. Be yaeeinafed NOW by yraf physician, yo1 and your family. It s vital than house ins4a1c.- Ask your phyxiciaa, druggist, 1r send for HaYs you had Typheld7" telling Of Typhoid Vaecins, results from use, and danger from Typhoid CAFrtaEs Producing Vaeslnss and ssrums under U. s. License The Gutter Laboratory Berkeley. cai- Chicago. IL
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

Bermuda last year exported l3,2ss crates of celery
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

A pneumatic hammer for tamping paving stones has been invented.
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

lE2 gz--;-S#izazzE===zH==ssr zz.sz=z lfs7s = Q ss.-f S4 "
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
pEATHLuRKs IN A WEAK HEART

so on first symptoms use "Renoylne" and be cured. Delay and pay the awful penalty. "Renovine" Is the hearts remedy. Price S1.00 and 50c.-Ady.
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

a well as men arc a#sie=grlt s-~4gls 5y s.irey and bladder tr5il- h.e f.zHsss4 4HIis re fa- mend f5r Et n e .- Earqp= Rect th4
 Al HEHE lU tftz- sizes IEz5 may rf- . zH= | t}e hE t'araa E.st s1 2 about fl =tt.Elra 5r= EtuEt ham taa.=. 7 and ]. also mention th's paper
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31
WHOTS
 TO BLAME

kllnev nf Ha
 cent and dt1ittr stl Earuris za batt}I raTuphtef cling
 KtlmeF P enclose ten cents
The Nevada County picayune., 1917-05-31

Fer alm To minstrel raptlres swell. IIzh though Eis titles, proud lis name, Ba4ndless his wealth as wish can cIa-a Despite these titles. power and peEf. IhE wretch, eoHeentered all ii setf.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
Greatest Retreat on SOmme
Since Battle of the Marne

labored for the greater part of two
years, The roads leading into Bau-
paume also we're reported to be
obstructed by giant trees, mine era
ters and other barriers.
There have been many coniectures
during the last week, however, that
when the Germans began to fall
back under pressure, they probably
would make no real resistance un'
til they had reached line approx
imating Arras and Cambria. 1t is
known that the Germans have been
preparing defences that far back
for some time, which they hope tC
hold against the expected allied of
fensive
A fire was observed at CONNIE
court yesterday, a heavy artillery
action going on and this may b.
the next salient to give way. On'
of the German trenches which hai
passed into British hands had th'
Continued on page fOurl
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
CHANGES MADE IN
THE ELECTION LAW

Special TO the bonanza.
CARSON CITY, Feb. 27.-The new
general election law introduced in
the assembly by White and Garri-
son makes changes in the present
law designated to lower the ex-
penses and retains the non-partisan
judiciary feature and adds school
officers to the list.
A majority of the members of
the highway committee introduced a
substitute highway measure for two
bills now in committee which
changes the highway and places
TOnopah on the north and south
route and provides for connecting
link from Ely to Goldfield and Tono-
pah.
Fulmer's railroad commission
amendment was reported without
recommendation.
Booher's bill providing for the ap-
pointment of deputy clerk of the
supreme court passed the senate.
Keddie's bill making it unlawful
for any person to offer for sale
commodities at lower rate in one
place in the state than another, tax
ing into consideration difference in
transportation costs passed the sen.
ate.
In the assembly Ackerman intro
duced a bill making it lawful for
employees to form unions to secure
higher wages, providing that no in
functions are issued preventing EN-
ployes from quitting singly or in
concert and that there shall be nc
prosecutions for agreements be
tween the employees to better labor
conditions.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
ONION SPECIALS RUSHING EAST
FROM FIFTEEN STATES Of UNION

now are entering the market.
Railroads in is states. Mr.. Harti-
gan asserted, have arranged to
rush onion specials" to this city
Information furnished to him by
wholesale produce dealers, District
Attorney Swami announced, indicat-
ed that the farmers were respon-
sible for the increase in the price
of potatoes and onions, In Decem-
Der, he said, farmers we're receiving
$1.47 a bushel for potatoes, double
the price OF December, 1915.
Mr.. Swami declared that there was
no justification for the increase in
the price of poultry. There is no
scarcity. he said, and farmers are
not charging any more than last
year
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27

Warlencourt are in British posses
sion Serre, Pys, Warlencourt and
Miraumont, like other famous points
in the battlefield, such as Pozieres,
Courcelette and Contalmaison long
ago ceased to have form as viii
lagos. The artillery fire they en-
dured for months pulverized them
to bits of stone and brick, the rem
nants of which now will be used
by the British in restoring the
roads to a passable condition. The
weather cleared today and the air
planes, quick to take advantage of
of flying opportunities, were up,
closely observing the German move.
ments. The British line today was
creeping nearer Bapaume, the ia
nous German stronghold, regarding
which there were reports that the
garrison had blown up what had
been proclaimed impregnable forti
fled cellars and other various under
ground works. on which they had
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
TO WIN VICTORY.
AND PREPARATION
is GERMAN AIM
GERMAN CHANCELLOR SAYS
THERE Is- BUT ONE POLICY
TO BE PURSUED
tBy Associated rresa.)


BERLIN, Feb. 27.-Chancellor
Hollweg told the reiehstag today
that one necessity dominates all
questions of policy. foreign and
domestic-to fight to gain the vic
tory. He declared the aim was
ito terminate the war by lasting
peace granting US reparation for
all wrongs suffered and guarantee
of the existence and future Of
strong Germany"
He said the entente answer to the
proposal for peace was more rude
and presumptious than any SEN
sible person could have imagined. "
The chancellor referred to the
action of President Wilson as
''brusquely" breaking relations. He
said Ambassador Gerard communl-
icated only in spoken words to the
foreign office in breaking relations
and asking for his passports. "This
form of breaking relations is prob
ably without a precedent in his
tory" he added.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27

cial purposes, and the trip on which
she was sunk was her third after
coming back to the service for which
she was built. Several of the Off
GERS in the stewards department
were on the Laconia and were on
the Franconia when she went down.
The registered gross tonnage of
the Laconia was 1880, her length
was 625 feet and she had beam
of ~ feet
No steerage passengers we're on
board the ship, and those not Amer
ican we're mostly English or Canad-
ians, many of the latter being on
their way to England to engage in
government service or returning to
duty after leaves of absence at
home.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27


BRITISH HEADQUARTERS IN
FRANCE, Feb 27.-Via London
The full extent of the German re-
tirement in the Somme area has not
yet developed. Outpost fighting con-
tinues between strong British pa
trolls pressing forward over the new
ly occupied ground, and the German
rear guards who fell back under the
fire of their heaviest calibred guns.
There has been comparatively lit
tie light artillery fire the Germans
evidently depending on their heav-
lest mounted on railroad trucks,
which could be rushed away at the
last moment in case of necessity
The British continued to move for
ward all along the line from just
south of Gommecourt to lie Trans.
10y, the latter point apparently be-
ing the pivot from which the Ger
man retreat swings backward. The
line has been carried well to the
northeast of Serre. while Irles and
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27

tby Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, D. c., Feb. 27.--
Guns and mounts sufficient to arm
any reasonable number of Ameri-
can merchant ships are now stored
at navy yards, it was officially
stated at the navy department today
following President Wilson's appear
ance before Congress to ask au-
thority to provide weapons and
men should the need arise. Eff
cient gunners are lacking however.
unless they are to be taken from
active ships, which can i'll spare
thief.
Naval officers pointed out that
men of special skill, trained to the
minute, would be required as gun
pointers for anti-submarine work.
AT best a U-boat is difficult to hit
as there is little exposed. Otter a
periscope hardly visible at more
than a few thousand yards is the
gunners only target.
Recent figures show that 250 ships
under American registry are engag-
q
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
IACON|A SANK 45 Minutes AFTER
THE FIRST TORPEDO WAS FIRED
FROM SUBMARINE At THE Liner

"a, Associated Pre"so
NEW YORK, Feb. 27'-The Liver
,,o office has telegraphed the Gu
',rd officials that Mrs. Mary hoy
q daughter Elizabeth, Americans
- dead and buried at sea.
Consul Frost reported later that
Tbomas Casey, negro, was the
onlv American member OF the crew
who perished.
& P. watts, DR.. Fortuna syndel'
william |. Robinson, William Eva
n.sssugers, and two firemen' three
,o.l trimmers and the ships bar
As, are missing and not accounted
tor. making the total IL dead ana
missing from the submarined steam
shin Laconia. Six are in a hospi-
al al Queenstown. The Hoys died
ot exposure. Probably they are the
oply Americans dead. The husband,
Dr. Albert Hoy a civil war veteran.
and son. live in London.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27

was armed with one defense gun,
mounted aft, The report that the
ship was torpedoed at night and
without warning indicates that there
was no opportunity to use the de-
fense gun, according to officials Of
the line
The Laconia is the second ship
to be sunk of the former Boston
Liverpool service of the Cunard line
A sister ship, the Franconia, was
sunk last October in the Mediterran-
can while in the British government
service. Both vessels we're taken
over by the British admiralty soon
after the war began, and the Lacon-
Ia was for a while used in the ser
vice of the government as a trans
port She was only recently re-
stored to her owners for CONNER
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27

NEW YORK, Feb 27Mayor
Mitchell announced last night after
the resumption of rioting on the
east side, that a bill would be in
troduced in the legislature today
to empower the city to purchase
food supplies and sell them at cost
as meaTs Of amellorating suffer
ing among the poor here due to the
present high cost of living.
Joseph Hartigan, city commissions
er OF weights and measures, pre-
dlcted a material drop in the price
of potatoes and onions before the
end of the week. 1t would come, he
said, as the result of relief In
freight congestion, and the fact that
virtually all of the potato and on
ion growing states OF the country
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27

Stone, Hitchcock and oGorman,
Democrats, are reported to have
joined them. Neither committee
took formal action.
Otherwise the situation is un-
changed, the president and officials
taking the position that no further
step will be taken until Congress
has had an opportunity to act on
the request for power. 1t is be-
lieved the Laconia will hasten action.
The first steps will be to furnish
guns and gunners for defensive pur-
poses on American ships, and in
sure them in the government war
risk bureau.
The Laconia is regarded as anoth-
er Lusitania case, though fewer lives
were lost.
The president is hopeful that the
Republicans will not filibuster to
force an extra session.
Administration officials consider.
ed the attitude of Congress in the
face of the Laconia case sufficiently
important to discuss sending an Of
ficial report on the killing Of those
Americans to Congress in some Of
ficial way. The senate committee
decided to redraft the whole bill
giving the president extraordinary
power and making it more explicit.
The right to arm q ship would take
the form of authorizing owners to
arm and defend them and authoriz-
ing the government to supply the
guns and gunners, it was said.
President Wilson asked Congress
for authority to use the forces Of
the United States to protect Ameri-
can ships and lives against the
German submarine menace, to put
the nation in state of armed neu-
trality.
The immediate response was the
introduction in the house of a bill,
approved in advance by the presi-
dent, empowering him to furnish
guns and gunners to American mer-
chantmen and to employ such other
instrumentalities and methods az
may become necessary, and provid-
ing for a $1OO,OOO,OOO bond issue to
be used in his discretion for war
insurance to encourage American
commerce to brave the submarine
peril.
Signing Black Check.
Republicans, disinclined to grant
blanket authority while Congress is
not in session, are in the position
of being unwilling to grant the
presidents request, not for the
purpose of Withholding it, but to
force him to have Congress in spe-
cial session to take a hand in the
next steps which they feel will lead
to war. The Republicans are re-
ceiving passive support from the
Democratic element classed as pac-
fists.
The presidents advisors deplore
this situation for its effect in Ger
many where they are convinced 1t
will feed the official impression that
Congress will not support the pres
ident If he finds it necessary to go
to war and that he is not speaking
the sentiments of a united country
Continued on page four
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
MAY MAKE GOOD
TO NETHERLANDS
Loss OF VESSELS
GERMANY WILL cEDE TONNAGE
TO THE DUTCH TO COM.
PENsATE FOR LOSS
by Associated Presu.l

THE HAGUE, Feb. 27.--The gov
ernment has not indicated its course
of action in connection with the re-
cent disaster to Dutch shipping. 1t
is believed that a peaceful solution
will be sought in the form of ces-
sion by Germany of a number Of
ships to replace the lost tonnage. A
wholesale slaughter of Dutch cat
tie may be necessary owing to the
loss of fodder in the cargoes de-
stroyed, and the inevitable delay
in securing more.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
REPUBLICAN OBJECTIONS INDUCED
PRESIDENT To ACCEPT A CHANGE
in HIS REQUEST FOR AUTHORITY

American rights, according to an
authoritative expression of opinion
obtained after a conference between
the president and Secretary Lansing.
No further investigation is consid-
cred necessary. 1t is believed that
eight American negroes of the crew
died from exposure, making ten
American victims.
Opposition of Republicans caused
the house foreign affairs committee
to decide to modify the phrase 10Th
er nstrumentalities" in the powers
to be granted, limiting the president
to using the naval forces of the
United States including the naval
militia"
The senate foreign relations com.
mittee Republicans voted solidly
against giving blanket authority
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
10, Associated rrs.s.l

~ Associates fess'
WASHINGTON, d. C.. Feb. 27.--
Consul Frost reported among the
Americans saved f. z. Gibbons,
Chicago Tribune, Mrs. f. Il. Har-
hs, wife of Colonel Harris, United
States army; Arthur +. Kirby, New
York, and Father Wareing, OF st.
Iosephs Seminary. Baltimore.
Il is said the Laconia carried a A.
gun Invisible at night The second
torpedo was shot 20 minutes after
the first, and the Laconia sank 20
minutes after the first shot There
we're 1856 persons aboard. Alarm
rockets we're seen by an admiralty
patrol boat. The wireless was used
TO the last minute. The boats were
picked up by burning flares about
sir hours later.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
10, Associated Press1

lHT Associated Press)
NEW YORK, Feb. 27,-Twenty-
ir Americans, six OF whom were
cabin passengers, and 20 members
ot the crew, were on board the
Cunard liner Laconia from New
York February 18 for Liverpool,
With Is passengers and a crew Of
slG when the vessel was sunk by
a German submarine Sunday night.
One casualty, as yet unidentified
vas officially reported by the Liver
pool office of the line to officials
here.
The names of the American pas
Sengers and their addresses as Civ.
en- by the line offices and confirm
ed In part by relatives in the Unit
ed States are:
Floyd P. Gibbons, OF the Chicago
Tribune.
Mrs F. L. Harris, wife Of Lieut.
Col. Frank E. Harris, United States
Coast Artillery Corps. stationed al
fort Du Pont, near Philadelphia.
Arthur 7. Kirby, Bainbrldge, Ky
Mrs. Mary E. Hoy. Chicago.
Mrs. Elizabeth Hoy, Chicago.
The Rev. James Wareing. regis
tered from New York, but said t
% from Norfolk, Va.
The Americans among the crey
we're signed here to take the place
u others whose terms of servic,
nau expired or who had failed L
sppear when the ship was ready L
sAll' The men were recruited most
y from shipping offices and CAV
view York and Brooklyn as thei
places Of residence. They wer
s'Okers, coal trimmers, wipers an
seamen.
while details of the cargo of tn
Aaconia are withheld under a recen
'uilns Of the customs officials,
was learned at the office of tn
OOmpany that the following item
"ere among the principal commo,
tiles carried:
one thousand bars of silver, 4C
wv bushels of wheat, 2S43 bale
~ cotton, 14OS boxes of fresh frui
0VOO tons Of shell castings and 9th,
war supplies and 5000 tons of pr
visions.
u was positively stated by Of
''sls of the line that there wel
40 explosives on board.
Ihe Laconia, sailing on the san
ua'e the Holland-American lin
"'nOam returned to port after
"s turned back from her voyaI
" rotterdam by the submarine me
sVe' had on board nine Of the Ry
cams passengers.
rhe LacoRiA. when she left hel
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
STANDARD OIL
ASKS INDEMNITY
tBy Assocrated PresaJ

tBy Associated Presa.D
NEW YORK, Feb. 27.-Standard
Oil will seek indemnity for the de.
struction of oil properties in Ru'
mania when the Germans invaded
that country. 1t is reported the en-.
tente allies destroyed the proper
ties before the Germans arrived
The value is $3.50. 100000.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
DEATH ON MOUNTAIN
CAUSES INVESTIGATION
SUSPICION ATTACHED TO THE
ACCOUNT OF DEATH OF TRAv-
ELER IN CALIFORNIA

SAN BERNARDINO. Cal, Feb 27.
An autopsy was ordered in con-
nection with the death Of Carl Bar
nett reported by Emmett Waters.
Barnett's companion, who said Bar
nett was thrown from buggy when
II upset in a snowstorm on a noun
tain en- route to Waters ranch.
Waters went for help. he said, and
found Barnett dying when he re-
turned.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27

(By Associated Press.J
JACKSONVILLE, Fla, Feb, 27--
VIM. ]. Bryan announced that he is
opposed to granting the powers the
president asked He will go to
Washington to use his influence to
have the request declined.
Bryan cancelled five speaking en-
gagements. He said whatever pow
er is conferred upon the president
should be so limited as not to con
stitute surrender of the power OF
Congress. He had faith in the
presidents high purpose.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
WOUNDED SOLDIERS
KILLED IN WRECK
SPECIAL TRAIN IN SWEDEN DE-
RAlLED WITH LOSS OF
FIFTY MEN

LONDON, Feb. PA train car
rying 22S invalided Russian soldiers
en- route home from Germany
through Sweden, went off the track
near Gefle Soderham. The first
car, carrying 20 insane Russians,
was demolished and all we're killed.
About rs others were killed.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
THREE AMERICANS ARE Killed: CONGRESS DEFERS ACTON
ONE OF THE VICTIMS
WAS OF BRITISH BIRTH
CBy Associated Press,

(By Associated Press.D
= RACINE, Wis Feb. 27.- =
= Cedric watts, drowned on the =
= Laconia, was born in England, .
= but had taken out citizenship =
= papers in the United States. =
. according at0 representatives .
= of local manufacturers for Q
= whom watts acted as a for .
= eign representative. .
. = . = . . = . . = . . = .
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
SHORT OF GUN POINTERS FOR
THE AMERICAN MERCHANT MARINE

ed in transatlantic trade, but 1t
is estimated that not more than
100 would apply for guns and take
the risk of crossing the German
submarine zones There will be no
difficulty in furnishing that number
of vessels with weapons, but sup.
plying trained gun pointers for 100
guns would take just that many
valuable men away from fighting
ships.
There are about 1000 men in the
fleet reserve, of whom approximate
ly 100 were trained gun pointers
when they left the service. Most
of them are older men and none
has had any recent practice in gun
pointing 1t is said that no suffi-
ciently expert gun pointers for
work on merchant craft could be
obtained from that source, although
some ammunition handlers and 9th
ers members of gun crews might
be. obtained OF the 1000 reservists
about half have been drilled in gun
handling, other than pointing.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1917-02-27
PEACE PROPONENTS
GROWING ACTIVE
JANE ADDAMS WILL SEEK Au.
DlENcE WITH PRESIDENT
TO PROTEST

tBy Associated Presa.l
WASHINGTON, d. c.. Feb. 27.--
Congressman today began receiving
kilograms from the emergency peace
federation protesting against grant
ing the president authority to estab-
lished armed neutrality. 1t is an
nounced that a delegation headed by
Jane Adams will seek an audience
with President Wilson tomorrow to
protest.