davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
COMFORT IN STOCK STABLES
Best Results Not to BE Expected
From Stock shivering and suf-
fering From Dampness-

It pays to keep the stock comfort
able as well as generously fed these
nippy winter months. 1t i deplorable
when the stock shivers and suffers
from cold when by proper manage
ment 1t can be made comfortable
with little expense.
Tight stables are not necessarily
warm stables. Good ventilation Is
necessary In order to have the air
dry. Damp air is more uncomfortable
than dry air Of the same temperature.
A special ventilation system is a pay
ing investment.
The covered barnyard or open shed
that faces the south and has three
tight walls, II well bedded with straw
and has straw stack close to the
south opening. is a mighty comfortable
place for stock on a cold day. Many
prefer these sheds to tight stables,
where the cows are confined to stanch-
ions. They have their liverty In the
shed and can exercise and keep warm.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
.[ik1jNUt[RhNyN
.R[ilI1l[RSY.
6NAe
o@'S@
LEARNING TO KNOW FLOWERS
information That Would BE Of I'm
menss Value TO the Man Who 10
Planning q Home.

The home-makcr, with facilities at
hand. could choose wisely what to
plant in his own home grounds. Lee
lures, instructive and helpful though
they are. can hardly accomplish for
the amateur planter In the course OF
half year what single visit to a
shrubbery or a perennial garden would
accomplish for him In half an hour.
And. In addition. as everyone knows
the parks themselves would be all the
more interesting and delightful for
these garden sections.
The average person knows few
shrubs and few flowers. To tell one
OF these that the SNOWFALL with which
he is familiar is only one OF q score
or more Of available viburnums: that
the shrub he knows as a lilac" can
be had In numerous varieties. some
growing even into tree form, or that
what he calls the "syringa" or the
mock orange" can be had In dwarf
bush that IN n mere pygmy beside Its
robust cousin--to recount facts Of this
sort IL to surprise him. Yet tits Inn
portnnt that facts of this sort be
brought before him. There is too
much uniformity In the planting OF
city ynrds-too much use made OF
the same material. Public gardens.
exhibiting not only the common varie-
ties. but the uncommon as well. those
not so often met with but despite that.
quite ms beautiful as the others. would
serve to overcome the tendency toward
monotony already only too apparent.
There are many purposes. ms a mat
ter Of fact. that these gardens would
serve. all Of which the park board
might do well To consider.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
CINCINNATI Markets.
Flour, Hay and Grain.

Flour-Winter patent ss.260s75.
winter fancy $S.75@s.26. winter family
3s.25QS.75, winter extras $7.250776,
low-grsde $6.76a7.25.
Cora-No. 3 white $1.20q1.20h. No.
8 yellow $1.1sq1.20. No. 8 mixed $1"1s
Q1.20, white ear $l19Q121.
Hay-No. / timothy $1S.50419, No. .
$17Q18. No. s16q17, No. l clover
mixed s17.50Q18, No. 2 s16.50q17, No.
/ clover $1,000, No. 2 S1SQ19.
Oats-No. 2 white 70Q7lc, standard
white 69h Q70c. No. white 6sq6sc.
No. 4 white 66Q6sc, No. 2 mixed $50
CSC. No. 8 mixed 68q6sc.
Wheat-No. Q red $2.10@211, No. .
red S2.04G2.09. No. 4 red S1.S6Q1.s6.
Butter, Eggs and Poultry.
Butter-Whole milk creamery extras
43c, centralized creamery extras 40c,
frsts 38c, seconds sac.
Eggs-Prime frsts 27c, frsts 26zc.
ordinary firsts 26c, seconds 25c.
Live, Poultry-Broilers. III lbs and
under, 35c; flyers, over Ia Id, zoe;
fowls, s lbs and over. ale; under 8 lbs.
2lc; roosters. Ice.
Live Stock.
| Cattie-Snippers eVlL<oi oo..he'
steers, extra s10.25Q1075, good to
choice s9Q10.25, common to fair $500
G9; heifers, extra $iOql0.7b, good TO
choice s9Q9.75, common TO fair $3.50
Qs.50; cows. extra $s.76qs. good TO
choice $7.50d850.
Bulls-Boiogna ,7.60@ss5. fat bulls
s9G9.50.
Hogs-Selected heavy shippers
$3.50, good TO choice packers and
butchers sl5.05Q15.l0. mixed packers
S14.s5Qi6.06, stays $s91i.50. common
TO choice heavy fat sows $s.b00ls.yO'
light shippers sts.50Glt. pigs lllo lbs
aAd lsss) S7Qll.6o. 40
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
MATE BREEDING s0Ws EARLY
Many Advantages Derived From Pigs
Farrowed In February or March
Best Prices In September.

There are many advantages In
breeding sows for early narrowing.
Pigs narrowed In February or early
March come at at season when farm
ers can give them better care. BY the
time forage crops become available.
the pigs are of such size as to make
best use Of them, and thus to attain
greater size for early fall market.
Hogs are usually highest In price
during September. Early-farrowed
pigs attain marketable size by that
time.
Late-farrowed pigs do not reach
market weight until December or jan
uary, when pork prices are usually the
lowest.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
FARMERS NOTICE

Give more time and attention to
the garden
And produce a better quality OF
vegetables.
Rely on good seeds, good soil and
good care.
Devote time each day TO the care OF
the garden.
Every farmers table should be sup
piled from his own home garden.
Now is the time TO plant your
garden.
Make list Of all seed needed and
order from some reliable firm.
Plant all the vegetables in rows as
this makes cultivation easier.
Rotate the crops so as 10 prevent
having the same vegetable on the
same ground year after year.
Since the garden furnishes such a
large amount OF food IL should re-
ceive an enormous amount OF ferti-
lizer. Well rotted farm manure il
preferable TO commercial fertilizers
The planting should be so arranged
as TO have a succession OF crops thai
will furnish fresh vegetables during
the entire season. To do this 10 the
best advantage a definite plan Of the
garden must be made before plant
ing time.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
Fire Prevention Education.

Fire prevention In public schools
and fire prevention In homes are mat
tiers naturally Of keen interest. In the
first case the question Is largely one
~ proper legislation regarding the con-
struction and protection Of school
buildings: In the second case II In
largely matter of individual educa-
tion. II Is estimated that % per cent
Of fires occur In homes, though OF
course 90 per cent Of the fire loss does
not result therefrom.
Perhaps II Is education which must
he relied upon to furnish the chief
weapon In the fight for fire preven-
ton. Legislation - important: so Is
inspection Of the construction and con-
ditlon OF buildings so that legislation
may be backed up. But. speaking
broadly, the cooperation OF the indi-
vidual. due to his enlightened self
interest" is probably the essential fac
tor In fire prevention as It Is In the
other activities Of the Safety First fed
Observation-Disclosures News.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
FARMERS BIG MEETING sATUR-
DAY, MARCH 81, 400 p. n.
BEREA. KY.

There will be the biggest farmers
meeting OF the season held in Berea
Saturday afternoon at 200 in voca-
tional Chapel.
Farmers, don't fail TO come, and
bring your neighbors. This is the
meeting that should be attended by
all who are farming or interested in
farming. There is move on foot
for some great things. Mr.. Chaplin,
one of our State agents, will be with
us. He desires TO see all farmers,
and TO discuss with them some i'm
portant matters.
II you want fertilizer, lime, field
seeds, come TO this meeting.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
Owning Home Gives Sense Of Security

Ownership, like faith. affords sense
Of security-and the whole concep-
ton OF home is based on a feeling Of
security. You can close the door and
the world Is shut out. You can go
away from II, and II will be there
when you come back.
Now the tenant, the man who lives
In other peoples houses, can never be
sure that II will be there when he
comes back. In fact, that Is one Of the
reasons why he lives In another mans
house-he doesn't want II there when
he comes back. And he sets forth on
an eternal quest after an elusive, VI
sionary something whose absence
makes this present dwelling a whited
sepulcher.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
Need Not Endanssr Sewers.

Complaints are heard Of tree roots
entering sewers, but II the joints are
perfect no such thing is possible. Roots
are attracted only by soil moisture and
cannot partake OF food through any
other medium. Therefore no moisture.
no roots. Concrete is never water
proof. but may be made SO by asphalt
and other coverings. II so treated and
a good Job Is done. no tree roots will
ever enter sewer through . joint In
the pipe.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
MIDsHIPMAN INCREASED

A provision in the Naval Appro-
priation Bill provides for the ap-
pointment Of one hundred enlisted
men annually as Midshipman at the
Naval Academy instead Of twenty
five. In speaking Of this provision
Secretary Daniels said: This opens
more doors Of advancement, pro-
motion, and opportunity 10 the en-
listed personnel of the navy. The
men who have already entered the
Naval Academy from the ranks have
demonstrated the wisdom Of ap-
pointing those who have had &C
tual experience on battleships. As
piring young men will now, in great
numbers, enlist in the navy because
of the larger opportunity for realis-
ing their hopes TO become naval Of
flcers. This INCENTIVE will power
fully attract TO the service many OF
the most ambitious and capable
youths of the country"
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29

fastened 10 the
top OF an inse-
cure post at a
distressing angle.
presents a sharp
contrast TO the
mail box which q
Minnesota farmer
has erected In
front Of his home.
The box itself.
which Is Of the
ordinary metal
type. II inclosed
In n miniature
log cabin with q
gable roof. The
post supporting
the box and
cabin is sur
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
CANNED VEGETABLES

For several weeks longer, the
greater part Of all vegetables have
to come from tin cans. There are
a few important points TO be re-
mcmbered when using canned vege-
tables Of any kind: first, always
wipe the top Of q can clean before
opening IL; second, empty the con-
tents of the can at once into an
earthen dish or aluminium pan;
third, open the cans few hours
before using, il possible. In the
process OF canning vegetables, the
air is exhausted, and until this air
can enter the food, the true flavor
cannot be gained.
Among the commonly used canned
vegetables we find corn. tomatoes
and peas. Spinach is not used as
much as il should be. Canned Sweet
potatoes might be made to take the
place OF irish potatoes for some Of
our meals. The food value is much
he same. Canned beans may be
made TO taste like new beans il a
little care is taken in the prepara-
ton.
In buying canned vegetables, al
most as much care must be taken in
the selection as when buying fresh
vegetables. A cheap can OF corn Is
a poor investment for the family;
there will be too much cob, husk
and silk about il and the family
will not get full value. On the other
hand. a cheap can of tomatoes will
do Just as well as the best can for
many purposes. The whole and
best tomatoes are put up first, and
the left-overs are ones that have TO
be cut up and used for the second
can, and you get just as much food
value at a lower price. In the first
can of peas, we get very little nutri-
ton, because the peas are picked so
young. In the cheaper can the peas
are larger and are really worth buy
ing for the food value. II is hard to
understand why people will pay
high price for porterhouse steak,
when a piece Of round steak has a
higher food value. The same thing
is true Of canned peas.
Corn Chowder
One can Of corn; four cups OF milk
one small onion; four slices OF ba-
con. Cut the bacon in small cubes
and fry with the onion; add the can
of corn and let cook for five min
utes; add the milk; season with salt
and pepper, and let il come TO the
boiling point. Serve with large
square crackers.
Bacon and Corn
Cut one-half pound Of bacon into
inch pieces and fry brown. Turn
of nearly all OF the fat from the
frying pan. Add one cup OF corn
and cook five minutes, stirring con-
stantly. Season with one teaspoon
Of salt and one-eighth teaspoon OF
pepper and serve Immediately.
Succotash
Soak lima beans or red kidney
beans over night. Cook until soft
about 2 hours); ten minutes before
they are ready to serve, add one can
of corn, season with three table
spoons of butter, one-half teaspoon
Of salt, one-eighth teaspoon OF
pepper.
During the season when green
corn is plentiful, and beans are
fresh, succotash may be prepared
from lima or kidney beans and corn
cut from the cob. Follow directions
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
Dreamed Peas

Make a rice white sauce OF one
cup Of unskimmed milk; three table
spoons Of butter; two tablespoons OF
flour: salt and pepper to taste; add
one can Of peas and let them stand
in a hot place for about ten minutes.
Serve in pattie shells or in one vege-
table dish or over a meat loaf. Pat
tie shells may easily be made from
leftover pie crust. Add little more
flour and water 10 the crust mix
ture, roll out very thin, cut in cir
Giles and bake in muffin tins till a
light brown.
Spinach and peas should have the
liquid drained from them and fat in
some form must be supplied: bacon
fat and oleomargerine may be used.
Canned beans are good fixed in the
following manner: season the beans
with salt and pepper; put a layer in
the bottom of baking dish and
cover with three or four strips OF
raw bacon. then a layer OF beans
and so on until the dish is full hav-
ing a layer Of bacon on the top. Use
only the liquid that the beans arc
canned in. Cover tightly and bal e
from one Ia tao hours.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29

rounded with short sticks which have
been laid crisscross. The rustic effect
Is very pleasing.-Populnr Mechanics
Magazine.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29

0ho Wao 0ooo.
"Ars you q good stenographerr r and when
she said she was
We paused and gave q tiger and three
cheers.
Am I q good stenographer1 Well. !
should say be,
I amt missed church but once In seven
ysara"
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
MOUNTAIN AGRICULTURE
Conducted by Mr. Spence FERN Demonstration and Spec
Investigator

satisfied throughout the ordinary
season.
Sometimes a farmer thinks he
hasn't enough manure to broadcast
over his entire crop. Better broad
cast il as far as il will go and leave
the rest without manure, than TO put
il in the hill all over the crop. Only
few days are necessary ~ curl
the blades Of corn that have all of
their roots growing in clump under
the hill Try broadcasting all Of the
manure this season. IL has been
tried out by a good many farmers
in the poorest parts Of the State
and found TO be true.
Flowing
The earlier in the season the plow-
ing can be done the better. The hui
mus will absorb and hold more water
for the crop, if the blowing is done
early. This is very important. To
grow a good crop Of corn, fifteen to
twenty inches of rainfall must be
available during the season. II is
the business of the humus to catch
and hold as much as possible Of the
rainfall saving il for the times of
scarcity. Get il covered as early in
the season as possible so it will have
the best chance TO do its work.
Be sure in blowing that all OF the
weeds, manure, leaves, ETC., are COM
pletely covered. Much Of the water
will be wasted by leaving some OF
this material partly exposed to the
wind.
Plow as deep as is necessary to
cover everything completely. Plow-
ing too deep will be harmful, II too
much clay is brought to the surface.
Deeper blowing could have been
done in the fall than would be safe
now. Be sure that your land is dry
enough to pillow when the blowing
is done.
When blowing in spring be sure
to harrow every half days blowing
before leaving the field. This will
prevent the formation Of clods, and
will save much moisture. II cover
crop such as rye or crimson clover
is to be plowed under, it will be bet
ter to drag it down first, disc it well
into the soil, then pillow. This will
insure that the green crop will be
well mixed with the soil and in that
way it will be of more benefit to the
crop.
Making the Seed Bed
After blowing is done it may be
weeks before time TO plant. During
this time The land should be stirred
every time it is dry enough to work.
A drag harrow Tor a brush If no
harrow it 10 be had, should be used.
This work should be repeated each
time the soil is dry enough, as each
additional treatment will help to
make the seed bed more firm. Firm
soil will keep the roots OF the plant
moist and will give the plant an
early start. Loose soil allows the
moisture TO escape and in this way
allows the young plants to suffer
for want of water. II is important.
then. that you DO NOT PLANT IN
A LOOSE SEED BED.
All the work you do on the land
before planting time is the same as
cultivation for the crop. Each stir
ring of the soil kills mulitudes OF
weeds which would be difficult to
destroy later. The oftener you stir
the soil before planting, so long as
il is never too wet, the easier the
later work on the crop will be.
With best wishes for your success
this season in trying to do better
farming, I am,
Very truly yours,
Robt. F. Spence,
County Agent.
m O. Uoton ,.,;ll capH ya,, e,tp-
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29

OF course the bride ought not to keep
her fingers crossed when she promises
to love, honor and obey her husband,
but she can't afford to show her hand.
Exchange.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
MAIL BOX OF RUSTIC DESIGN
When He Placed Ornament In
Front Of His Home.

A rural mail box. rusty and dilapi-
dated. such ms one occasionally sees
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
Liver with Tomato Sauce

One pound Of sliced liver: one cup
Of bread crumbs; salt and pepper;
enough fat for frying the liver. Pour
boiling water over the liver and let
il stand for five minutes; salt; roll
in crumbs and fry brown on both
sides. Pour one recipe OF tomato
sauce over the liver and bake IL in
the oven from twenty TO thirty min
utes.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29

Baked Macaroni

Two cups of cooked macaroni
two cups OF stewed tomatoes; one
cup of buttcred crumbs. Put one
half OF the boiled macaroni into q
baking dish, then one-half Of the
tomatoes. Add seasoning and re-
peat, spread the buttered crumbs
over the top. Bake twenty or thirty
minutes. Rice or hominy may be
used in place Of macaroni.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1917-03-29
Tomato Sauce

One pint Of strained tomatoes; one
small onion: two tablespoon Of but
ter; two tablespoon Of flour; one
teaspoon Of salt. Cook the onions
with the tomatoes for ten minutes,
melt the butter and add he flour.
Mix well and pour in the tomatoes;
stir until mixture boils; add salt
This recipe for tomato sauce may
be used for the following dishes:
all meat croduettes; all meat loaves;
as a foundation for tomato soup.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1917-10-18
ARMY LIFE AT
CAMP GORDON

lie dt SdLlIp NSlNO AS
eft of those whose friends and
relatives are here and for those
who might come later.
Our cantonment is about six
miles square. twelve miles north
of Atlanta, contains about 200
barracks, each to accommodate
from one hundred and fifty to
two hundred and thirty men.
Besides this number OF bar
racks there is the same number
of large bath houses lone for
each barrack), quarters for oth-
GERS, hospitals and seven large
army Y. M. c. A. buildings
which furnish most all kinds OF
games, boxing matches, books
and magazines to read, station
cry, pens and ink, ETC., all OF
which is free for the asking. Lee
lures, concerts, and other various
other kinds of amusements are
given free at the Y. M. &. A.
also.
Most all the first five per cent.
bows landed in the infantry while
most all the boys who came IN
second call went in Field Artil-
lery. Some few of our bunch
have beer; discharged for various
reasons but the discharges were
few and far between as the ex-
amisations here were not any
more rigid than those before To-
cal boards, SO most all of US here
now consider our jobs perman-
ent.
The bugle sounds first call IN
the morning at 5 O'Clock, which
means, Everybody get up and
get your clothes on: nobody says
please. -
Second calls sounds at 5:15 a.
M. for reveilee, roll call.
Third call at $50 a. m. for
Chow" breakfast.
Fourth call at Z a. m. for drill
which lasts until IL a. M, with
rest periods.
Chow" again at IL m.
Drill again at 1:30 p. m to 3:45
p. m.
The bugIe sounds Retreat at
SD. M, and we fall in ranks
again for another roll call, and
then Chow" again at BIB p. m,
The bugle sounds Taps" at 9
D. M, which means all lights in
barracks go out and everybody
stops talking or making any noise
of any kind, although we may
remain out of barracks until
1890 when the bugle sounds
Tattoo. Then you had better
be in bed.
We do not have to drill on Sum-
days and are usually given Sat
urday afternoons, so 10 per cent.
of the boys are allowed gamesout
of cantonment from noon Satur-
days until 1890 or IL Sunday
night. Some who live close &c
home while others go to Atlanta,
via "iitney line" Electric line
is being constructed, but not
completed.
We have all been vaccinated
for smallpox and innoculated
for typhoid fever.
We have one day in each week
when we hike. /" Have had
two hikes" since | came. The
first one was for about eighteen
miles and the second for about
twelve miles. Very few fell out
AZ
ON the second hike" but they
fell out along the road on the
first one. was told that nearly
500 fell by the roadside on the
first hike.
All barracks with lights burn
ingat nights reminds you OF somf
large town, and in the daytime
has the same similarity. Any
one here is just as hard to find a.
in a strange town unless you hap
pen to just run across them
And if you have not been here
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1917-10-18
LONG. .SWEETENlNG" TO
TAKE PLACE OF SUGAR

"Long-sweetening" will take
the place Of sugar largely in this
and adjoining counties, the farm
ers of Marion now making finest
grade of molasses they ever made
and hundreds of gallons of it.
Sorghum cane grew well this year
and the output is something as
tonishing. And sorghum is sell,
ing at the highest prices ever
known, soc and 90c per gallon.
Big barrels are in demand and
every family is putting away a
barrel or two of "long-sweeten,
ing" and the Iassies of Sequat.
chic Valley are getting sweetel
than ever, hcking lasses. Gel
away, lasses.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1917-10-18
CUMBERLAND COUNTY CAREFUL
IN SPENDING ROAD FUNDS

Crossville, Oct. IL. Cumber-
land county is spending its road
funds carefully. At recent meet
ing of its county court it was
shown that only 500, 600 had been
spent on the roads since Jan. 1.
The county was recently bonded
for $500, 900, and of this amount
$l24, 215. 70 still remains in the
hands of the County Highway
Commission, of which c. G.
Black is secretary. The $500 due
the county from the state auto
mobile fund will be spent in re-
pairs on the Memphis-to Bristol
Highway which runs thru the
county.