New Britain herald., 1917-11-15
BRAZIL REPUBLIC
 2S YEARS OLD TODAY
Portuguese Royalty Invited to Get
 Out Nov. 16, 1889

Brazil's actual entrance into the
 war on the side of the United States
 and the Allies. awakens new and
 widespread interest in that great sis
 ter American republic. September
 and November 15 are the two prin-
 cipal national holidays of the country
 The former Is the Brazilian Independ-
 once Day, for on that day in 1922 the
 then vice regent of Brazil, the vast
 colonial possession of Portugal. who
 Was Dom Pedro, son of King John
 VI. declared tho independence Of
 Brasil from the mother country. The
 Portuguese military garrisons in Rio
 de Janeiro and other Brazilian cities
 were easily overcome with little or no
 bloodshed and were transported back
 to Portugal, and on October 12 Dom
 Pedro 1 was solemnly declared the constitutional emperor and perpetual defender of Brazil, and thus was es- tablished the Empire of Brazil.
 Decide on Republic.
 For e years Brazil remained the only independent country in the Vest crn World with & mOnarchtal form of government. By the end of that time, however. the ideas of democracy and self government had gained such as tendency that the people of Brazil de- cided to transform their monarchy into a republic, and for the second time there was a complete change In government through another blood less revolution. The people of Brazil had no great quarrel with their easy going monarch, nor had they any de- sire to harm him or the members of his family. All respected Dom Pe- dro IT. and many loved him for his fine personal qualities. but 1t was the monarchial system of government in its entirety they wanted to get rid of, and so it became necessary for them to depose him. This they did on Novem Der Is. 1889. Marshal Manoel Deodoro Fonseca one of the ablest and most popular generals of the Brazilian Army. placed himself at the head of the revolution and on the dato named published Q procla- Ination in which he stated that the people, the army and the navy had de- creed the deposition of the imperial dynasty and the extinction of the monarchial system. He assured the people that the Provisional Govern ment guaranteed all inhabitants of Brazil security for life and property, duu TCSpctI TUT ilulHluudl dIu EO- Htical rights: that it recognized and respected all national engagements 1 contracted during the monarchy: and 1 that 1t would adhere to existing 1 treaties with foreign countries. ac- knowledge the domestic and foreign debt. and asslli.c all other legally con- stitutcd obligations.
 Polite But to tue Point.
 This was a very simple and very plain document and wan signed by Marshal Fonseca as Chief of the Pro- visional Government and tho mem bers of the cabinet that had been se- lected. That Was all there was to it. ] A very polite and courteous letter to l Dom Pedro II informed him that 1 "the presence of the Imperial family l in this country, in face of the new 1 situation created by the irrcvocable | revolution of the 18th inst would be 1 a bsurd and impossible, and provoca- tive of troubles which tho safety the public impresses upon us the | necessity to avoid." A time was fixed | for the em barkation of the royal fam lily, and the former Emperor was as sured that your comfort and health during the passage will be looked aft CT with the greatest of care. and the government will continue to pay you the sum assured by law until this