davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
VOLUNTARY ACTION
URGED BY GOMPERS

/ Washington.-Volu action rather
than compulsion was urged by President
Gompers in statement submitted to the
house committee on military affairs The
A. +. of l.. executive said
The organized labor movement has
always been fundamentally opposed to
compulsion 1t has maintained that in
stitutions and relations of free peo-
pie can and should be based upon the
voluntary principle. 1t now maintains
that what has been the directing basic
principle in industrial organization and
service must be the initial basic princi-
pie in the military. The declaration
unanimously adopted by the representa-
tives OF the entire organized labor move
ment of the United States is based upon
this adherence to the voluntary princi-
pie.
1T has been the hope of the men and
women of labor that if this republic
should inevitably be drawn into active
participation in the present world con-
tiict that the republic of the United
States might demonstrate to the world
that free institutions and ideals are eff
tectve and sufficient in war as well as
in peace.
st is the hope of organized labor to
demonstrate that under voluntary condi-
tions and institutions the republic of the
United States can mobilize its greatest
strength. resources and efficiency.
We know that only under voluntary
conditions can the nation mobilize good
will. Good will is essential to enthusias-
tic and effective united action.
The labor movement stands firmly by
the voluntary principle We declare that
at no time have voluntary institutions
been given real, effective and conclu-
sive test. Until such test shall have
been given there is no good reason for
abandoning the principle which was born
of the spirit of 1776 and which has en-
abled us to establish the ideals and the
traditions that have given this republic
meaning as country, free, efficient and
capable of meeting any condition or
emergency"
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
COSSACKs FOR NEW YORK.

Albany, N. Y.-Both branches of the
state legislature have passed bill pro-
viding for the establishment of the state
police system.
Manufacturers and their allies made
the farmer "the goat" in this campaign
by insisting that cossacks were needed
to protect the rural communities OPP
ponents denied the theory that 200 cos
sacks can detect crime and prevent
crime within territory of $4,000 square
miles and showed that Investigators in
New Jersey, Connecticut and Massachu-
setts have found the cossack system a
vicious machine.
The manufacturers victory ends a
three-years' campaign, which was sup
ported almost unanimously by the public
press. The author of the bill is Senator
Mills, who favored compulsory insur-
ance bill affecting all employees receiving
less than 500 month.
Under the terms of the bill the cos
sacks will be composed of four troops,
each composed of So men, and will be
under the direction of superintendent,
to be appointed by the governor
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
NEW MONTANA LEGISLATION.

Helena, Mont-The state legislature
has passed the following legislation of
interest to workers:
Women's eight-hour law; eight hours
on public work, in mills, smelters, under
ground mines and wherever sugar is
manufactured railroad companies re-
quired to report delayed trains medicine
and medical attendance to the sick and
nfirm in counties; free text books; per-
mitting cities and towns to establish
swimming pools, skating Kinks, play
grounds, ETC.; fire department employees
of first and second class cities shall be
limited to IA hours continuous duty in
every "a hours regulating sanitary con-
ditions under WHICH wall paper or sub
stitute wall covering shall be applied in
tenements regulation of electrical ap-
pliances and construction; child welfare
division of the state board of health ere
ated study of elementary agriculture
added to the course of study in elemen-
tary schools pensions to mothers having
dependent children.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
AMERICAS ORGANIZED WORK.
ING WOMEN TO MEET In
CONVENTION

he National Womens Trade Union
League, representing through its af-
filiated membership 10000 organized
working women, is calling its sixth BIZ
ennial convention to meet at Kansas
City, Missouri, June 10th.
These are critical days in the history
OF the world and it is essential that the
organized working women of America
meet together for counsel and for ac
tion. England, France, Germany and
other countries now at war have called
into consultation the women of labor
when mallino plans for the workers'
service to their country.
Women will be called upon in ever
increasing numbers to serve industry
1t is OF vital Importance that the work.
ing women of America be ready to meet
these problems. America can profit bv
the worlds experience. Will she do so?
Recent government reports from Great
Britain on Standards of Work in War
time" emphasize the necessity of con-
serving the health of the women work
ers by. demanding that an eight-hour
work day and other protective legisla-
ton be enforced.
international Union having women
members will recognize the Importance
OF being represented at this convention
by a woman delegate. Central Labor
Bodies and International Unions NAV
still affiliate with the National Women's
Trade Union League and send delegate
with voice and vote to this convention.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
BOILER INSPECTIONS NEEDED

San Francisco.-In urging the neces-
sity for frequent boiler inspections the
state industrial accident commission
gives prominence to this statement in its
last bulletin: Have you ever consid
cred what tremendous energy is exerted
when steam boiler explodes? Do you
realize that each cubic foot of water un-
der a steam pressure of 60 pounds per
square inch contains as much energy as
pound of gun powder' Isn't it neces-
sary that careful inspection be made of
steam boilers to determine whether or
not they are in safe condition to op-
crater"
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
SMALL TIPS LEGALIZED BY
NEW YORK COURT.

Albany, N. Y.-While trade unionists
protest against the tip system and urge a
definite living wage, the appellate divi-
sion OF the supreme court for the third
department holds that tips, if not too
large, are to be considered as wages. An
extra large tip belongs to the proprietor.
| he wife and son of a taxicab driver
who was killed asked the court to award
compensation based on wages that COW
cred both the money paid by the taxi
company and the tips paid by customers.
The insurance company that insured the
taxi people against loss under the work.
mems compensation law contended that
tips are not part of wages. The court
decided that they are, and in his opin-
ion, Presiding Judge Kellogg said:
"The employe could not have received
the tips if the employer had not put him
in the way of getting them, and we may
well conclude that the tips were an ad-
vantage received from the employer sim
liar in effect to board, lodging or rent
furnished in addition to the money
wages paid.
"The person rendering the service
considers that the tip is his as a matter
of right, and involves no particular fa-
vor. An extra large tip may be appro-
priated, but the ordinary tip is consider
ed payment of money actually due.
The usual tips have come to be consider
ed part of the cost of the entertain
ment at hotel, upon sleeper or public
conveyance, and it is realized both by
the person paying and receiving them
that it is part payment of the wages
which the employer compels the person
served to pay"
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
in New York World.
FORD'S PLAN CRITICISED.

Philadelphia Ford's S5-a-day plan
was criticised by speakers at the national
employment managers conference. Sew
eral of these employers deplored "al-
ways keeping the almighty dollar before
a mans nose," and not permitting him
to develop his creative faculties" One
speaker agreed, however, that the eco
nomic pressure must be removed from
employees before results can be secured
from any efficiency system
Trade unionists are asking how "cre-
ative faculties" can be developed by a
worker standing before machine all
day and who makes but one motonous
motion.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
NON-UNIONISTS STRIKE.

Detroit Non-union pattern makers
employed by the City Pattern Works
and the Eastern Construction Company
have tired of conditions at these plants
and have gone on strike.
When the recent strike of organized
pattern makers was settled these firms
rcpudiated the agreement and have been
advertising throughout the country to
man their non-union shops. Many of
the strikers have joined the Pattern
Makers Association.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
NEW TEXAS LEGISLATION.

Austin, Tex.-A new employers liza
bility law has been passed by the state
legislature. The law makers first ex-
pressed much opposition to the plan, but
this was nullified after the state indus
trial board, the executive committee of
the state federation of labor, the en-
ployers' organization and others agreed
upon an amended bill.
Other legislation secured is mothers
pension, free text books amendment to
department for the registration of vital
statistics, child labor law strengthened.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
DEFEAT VOTES FOR WOMEN.

st. Paul, Minn.-The state senate has
defeated bill which would have allow
ed women to vote for presidential elect
ors. A constitutional suffrage bill, grant
ing full suffrage to women, is pending in
a senate committee. 1t has passed the
house.
The labor advocate. [volume] (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1912-1937, 1917-04-28
BAKERS SECURE UNION SHOP.

Louisville, Ky-The Tip-Top Bakery
has signed union shop agreement with
Bakery Workers Union All strikers
are reinstated Wages are increased 10
per cent and a six-day week of nine and
one-half hours day, is secured Old
conditions were seven-day week and
II hours a day.
The Carlisle independent., 1917-07-19
What Are You Going to Have for You
 Dinner?

You don't need to worry about that question next winter if your shelves are full of home canned products. You can brag about your garden all winter if you have your canned evidence on tue table. Remember that there is really nothing to canning fruit and vegetables except care, clean Illness, fresh products, jars and heat, but take care and concen- trate products, especially soup mixtures so that each cantainer will hold as much canned fruit and as little water as possible. Home canning is kitchen patriot ism. Why not get busy?
The Carlisle independent., 1917-07-19

wire gauge should cover the porches, doors. windows, and every crack. Don't forget the top of the chimney.
 Screening will not only pro tect you from the mosquito, but from the filthy house fly that too often carries typhoid fever and dysentery on it's hairy feet and body.
The Carlisle independent., 1917-07-19
Inoculate Brood Sows

Brood sows are scarce and too valuable to lose, and they should be inoculated against hog chol- era Specialists with the Exten- sion Division of the University of Arkansas say that brood sows. regardless of the stage of preg- nancy. may be safely treated for hog cholera. The best method of inoculating brood sows is really matter Of choice, since field ex- periments show that whether the simultaneous or Serum-a alone treatment is used, the results are practically the same. No bad results to the SOW have been noted at the Serum plant where hyper immune sows have gener- ally farrowed normal filters.
The Carlisle independent., 1917-07-19
Avoid Chills And Fever: Keep Out The
 Mosquito

Last year we had one case of malaria for every five people in Arkansas. We never can become a most efficient people while so many are burdened with this di- sease The only way to combat it Is to eliminate as tar as possible all mosquito breeding places, by draining, by oiling the surfaces of all still water bodies which cannot be drained, by cleaning up in general, and by screening all houses. A great many Arkan. sas people fail to realize that screening pays. Not only a home should be screened, but every tenant house. simply because a mosquito m .kes no distinction between white and black. He will infect tenants ln unScreened houses and then carry the mala- ria from them to the wife and children of the landlord.
 If the houses are not built so that they cannot be screened, the necessary changes should be made at once, and fine mesh
The Carlisle independent., 1917-07-19
THE RICE SITUATION

year, the rice acreage estimates of the Bureau of Crop Estimates, the Rice Millers' Association and | the Southern Rice Growers As sociation are published. The es- inmates of the Government and | the Millers' Association have | been given to the press, but due to the very unusual crop condi- tions, the preliminary estimate of the Southern Rice Growers Association will not be made | public until August 1st.
 The trade is, interested in the blamed acreace only insofar as 1t forecasts the probable produc tion. The condition of the grow ing. crop is so critical as to pre- clude even an intelligent guess as to it's size. The weather for the next fifteen days will largely determine the outcome of large acreage in the Coastal Belt, and we therefore consider it prudent to defer the publication of our estimate until the First of Au. gust.
 We believe that a mutual ad- vantage can be obtained by es tablishing and maintaining closer relations between the producer and the large distributing agen- cies. The acreage irrigated and harvested will determine the size of the crop and not the planted acreage. We deem it best for all concerned to withhold our pre- liminary estimate until the fate of the rice now threatened by salt water can be determined. About eighty percent of the rice in Louisiana and Texas is irri- gated from large canals that pump their water from rivers and bayous. Because of the ex- treme and protracted drouth, in the Coast country and in the headwaters of these streams, the water level has been lowered to such an extent as to permit an inflow of salt water so high as to make it unsuitable for the irriga tion of rice.
 Due te the presence of so much salt water, the pumps in most of the large canals in the Coastal belt are not being operated. and as a consequence, an area in Louisiana and Texas equal in size to the entire acreage in Tex as, is rapidly drying up and even with favorable conditions during the remainder of the season will necessarily produce a very short crop. Several of the large canal companies are today irrigating rice with water containing as much as fifty grains of salt This is a sufficient percentage of salt to kill the growing crop unless it IS, within very short time, : freshened either by heavy rain. fall or by large quantities of fresh water pumped from the streams that can only be fresh ened by rain along their course.
 Conditions in Arkansas are ia yorable With an acreage in
 crease of about fourteen percent, it is reasonable to assume that the production in Arkansas will be at least ten percent in excess of last year It is impossible, at | this time, to correctly estimate the planted acreage in California and still more difficult to fore cast the probable production.
 The Government's preliminary estimate of the production for this year is 34,00O,000 bushels. Reduced to bags of 1SSe pounds would indicate crop of S,234,- 042 sacks, or about million and half bags under the crop of
The Carlisle independent., 1917-07-19

Woman's friend is Large Trial bot tie of Sanol Prescription Fine for black heads, Exzema and all rough skin and clear complexion A real skin tonic. Get Soc Trial bottle at the drug store Adv. 52-tf
The Carlisle independent., 1917-07-19

Screen doors, screen cloth, screen material-The Arkmo Lumbe Go. 50-tf
The Washington herald., 1917-07-29
Next,

all friends and acquantnce
succeed ASK them for ryou ~
Call and lb
The Washington herald., 1917-07-29
$4,000
In Desirable Prizes
To Be GiUen Away
For Just a Little Effort
Get An
Early Start---
Win An
Automobile
The Surest Way to- Win

reading all
S 0NH
The Washington herald., 1917-07-29
HoW Prizes Are To Be Awarded
GRAND PRIZES.

ekugnm of
A7paaHga aTorngC Car
securing etuto o will be
Egn 5paaena aTorngCa
pn rTomgC
fourth vdewM
aTnmgC
o will b a~adeF
PIANO.
o. voe~Hb
PIANO.
have been front hndhe
neah the of
lotto e ewa,edao to
fHe
ding lots given first tpne)
seod getunbed d the mhmGs
edandn nrepch o lands
ten Ldn have nawaded
have been HeadAe thYetnub of of
be awarded HdanheO
the ngetnun fvoem oft hiuswne
anGe Order
the e eAbeo eovtsnr o o viii Nr
hadseOd
Per Cent? tCommisi
n win and who eoor4nb will
commission al subscription dmt he
The Washington herald., 1917-07-29

This $4O0 Fischer Upright Piano,
Embassy Design, Style so, mahogany fin
ish, to be awarded to the candidate hav-
ing the sixth largest number of votes at
the close of the campaign, regardless of
districts.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-29
Win a Building Lot
BUILD A HOME
HERE THEY ARE

z Lots in Congress Heights =. 5000
4 Lots in HaDiewood Farmlettes, $14OO
z Lots in Rande Heights $500
z Lots in So. Chesapeake Beach $400
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-07-12
PUT FOOD FIGHT
UP TO PRESIDENT
Democratic Leaders Have
Reached Point Where
They are Stuck.
BY associated Press

WASHINGTON, D. c. July 12.-
Democratic leaders Of the Senate find
ing it is we'll nigh impossible to recon
cile conflicting views on the food con
troll bill, decided today to appeal to
President Wilson to outline his opIn
ion of what compromises should be
agreed on to hasten action on the
measure.
The Senate Agriculture committee
decided today not to make any en-
dorsements or recommendations re.
garding the Gore substitute bill. Sen
ator Gore, however, plans to offer 1t
as an individual proposition with the
understanding that many Of its prov.
sions will have general support in lieu
of those in the pending BILL
If President Wilson does not OBJ
ject the leaders were said to believe
that the substitute bill drawn by Sena
tor Gore generally embraces ideas for
compromise legislation. The Gore bill
would limit government control to food
and fuel alone eliminating steel, iron
copper, cotton and many other prod
ucts. The Prohibition question, it was
agreed, probably will have to be set
tied in conference without further Sen
ate action because of the unanimous
consent agreement under which the
Senate acted last week.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-07-12
CROSSING LINES
FOR MAIN STREET
City Will Help Public to
Avoid the Automobile
Peril.

In the next few days traffic regula
lions will be established in the city
of Fairmont regarding the crossing OF
Main street by pedestrians. Mayor
Bowen will request that every citizen
when crossing Main street any place be
tween Clevelan davenue and Madison
street will walk to the nearest corner
and cross IL space which shall be
marked of with white paint for that
purpose.
Two spaces the same width as that
of the side walk will be marked of at
each corner and the city officials will
insist that no one will cross Main
street at any other place other than
at the prescribed crossing.
Mayor Bowen has ordered five gal,
Ions Of white paint which shall be here
within the next few days and will be
used in marking the crossings. The
mayor believes that the people of Fair.
mont will help him in carrying out The
newly suggested idea.
The idea OF the prescribed crossing
is being accepted by all the leading
cities, Huntington is the only city
in West Virginia that is now carrying
out the prescribed street crossing.
Besides being protection to pedes,
TRANS, the marked corners will serve
as warming to drivers of automobiles
to slow down to the ten mile per hour
limit at each Of the four crossings.
Just as soon as the paint arrives the
corners will be marked and the new
request made.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-07-12
BUSINESS MEN
CONTINUED from Page one.)

Continued from Page one.)
big business men, and the biggest bust
ness men to be had from the President
OF the Standard Oil company on up
or down the line OF industrial great
ness, they are~poigpantly distastetpl
to these Senators and to others Of the
advanced progressive stripe. The fact
that the government has to buy from
some of them by buying from firms and
corporations with which they are con
nected, whether the government wants
to buy there or not, Is "intolerable" 70
them.
Evidently recognizing that the gov
eminent needs big business and the
brainy heads Of big business In the
present emergency, It matters not Il
some of them are monopolists or near
monopolists, President Wilson tried to
head OFF Senate action and criticism by
sending a letter to Senator Mcclellan.
The latter wanted to wreck the war
supply machinery by sticking q con
gressional probe into the nywheel
The President objected,
The President 10 now going over Q
plan of reorganization Of the advisory
committee, which, 1t is said Secretary
Lane is the author Of. The understand,
ing here is that the plan is to reduce
1t to three men and to clothe them
with contractural and constTuctiRe
powers. Should this be the plan, RI.
NOR has it that Bernard B8tltch, "
Illus Rosenwald and Frank Scott the
latter chairman Of the ammunitiona
committee, will compose the Big Three
In his statement Of last October eX,
planning the National Council, the
President said: Zone Of the objects
of the Council will be to inform AmeTt'
can manufacturers as to the part they
can and must play in national emer-
gency. 1t is empowered to establish
at once, and maintain through subor.
dinate bodies Of specially qualified
persons, an auxiliary organization COM
posed Of men of the best creative ana
administrative capacity, capable Of
modelling to the utmost the resources
OF the country" Under this the Prest.
dent is urged to recognize the advisory
commission as an Independent body
clothed with such powers as he may
deem necessary to fulfill the objects
set forth in his statement. AS It IS
now, the commission has practically
no powers,
1t is said that the President il IN.
clined that way, and because Of e.
there is far from a situation Of accord
and harmony in the Cabinet Just now,
despite statements intended to leeS
the public to believe that there IL
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-07-12
CANARY no BE LIFE SSSA YER FOR III IS. TROOPS
NFRANCE; BIRD DETECTS GASCOAING

WASHINGTON, D. C., July 12.-En-
gineen in the bureaus of mines and
Of chemistry are perfacttng devices and
completing plans to nullify the deadly
effects of German gas bombs in the
trenches.
Besides making destructive ma.
chimes intended to fight Germans with
their own weapons, these engineers are
planning preventives to save our sol
diers, who will soon be fighting along
side the French and British.
Miners have been using canaries to
detect gases below the earth's surface.
Their experiences with this bird have
been SO successful, military engineers
have adopted the mining method for
the trenches. The best use found for
the bird is in advancing toward the
enemy,
Just of the front line trenches are
sapping galleries dug out in advance
of the fighters. Being nearer to the
enemy, they are likely to be filleo
Win carDon mono1lue gases OF eXplOd"
ed bombs or the remains of the enemy's
poison gases.
A squad Of sappers with gas masks
ready, work their way ahead, the front
man holding up cage with a canary
perched on the cross bar. Only four.
tenths Of gas is necessary to suffocate
the bird. 1t falls off It's perch and is
sent back to be resuscttated and held
for further use. The sappers put on
their gas masks and continue their
slow advance.
The little yellow breasted bird is
also invaluable for detecting the ap.
proach of gas blown across from the
enemy's trenches. Before the men
know gas is coming the canary sud-
denly keels off its perch, the signal for
looming gas masks.