davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times., 1917-04-16
FRIENDS

The enterprise must have the
FRIENDSHIP Of the nations deal
ers in motor cars, and that of the
manufacturers OF parts and ma
terials. Sales and supplies must
be SURE.
The Detroit times., 1917-04-16
Boston Copper Stocks.

ouotatIon. sy Hornelow.rA 80.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10
AS PRICES RISE
HIGH COST OF LIVING
HITS the RAILROADS
Service viii Be- Crippled Un-
less Relief Comes Soon.
EXPENSES UP, RATES Down

WastefuI and Conflicting Regulations
Hamper Railroad Credit, While Ad-
vance In Labor and Materials Out
strips Revenues, Chairman krutt-
schnitt Tells Congress Committee.
Unified Federal Control Viii Improve
Conditions.
Washington, April 2.-The condition
in which the railroads find themselves
as a result Of constant increases IN
wages, prices of material, taxes and
other expenses. while their revenues
are restricted by legislation, was strik-
ingly described by julius kruttschnitt,
Chairman of the Executive Committee
of the Southern Pacific Company, IN
his testimony during the past few days
before the Joint Congressional Com
mittee on Interstate Commerce, which
is making study Of the question OF
railroad regulation. Mr.. Kruttschnitt
urged the committee to recommend
plan of regulation which will center
responsibility for regulation and its
results in the federal government, SO
that conditions affecting both expenses
and revenues may be made subject to
a uniform policy instead of the waste
full and often conflicting policies in
yolved in the system of combined state
and federal regulation.
Why Reads Need More Money.
Mr.. KrutNschnitt's tcstimonyAalso had
a bearing on the reasons for the appli-
cation of the roads to the Interstate
Commerce Commission for a general
advance in freight rates. He showed
that while the price of transportation
has declined in recent years. the cost
of producing transportation. like the
cost Of almost everything else, has rap
idly advanced. This he illustrated by
showing that if freight and passenger
rates had increased during the past
twenty years in the same proportion as
average commodity prices the railroads
of the United States would have re-
ceived S1,G54, 100000 more for trans
portation in 1915 than they did receive.
This saving to the public was effect
ed. in spite of an increase of 9S per
cent in the cost of operation OF trains.
by a reduction in the average passen-
ger rate per mile from 2.04 cents IN
1895 to 19S cents in 1915, decrease
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10

Of 3 per cent, and by reduction IN the
average freight rate per ton mile from
$3.50 mills in 1895 to rs mills in 1918, or
IS per cent. During the same period
the cost of operation per train mile
rose from % cents to SITS, almost
doubling. At the same time the aver
age price of BAG commodities enumer-
atetl in bulletin of the Department OF
Agriculture increased la per cent.
Transportation is practically the only
commodity in general use that has not
increased tremendously in price during
the past twenty years, freight ana pas
senger charges being lower than they
were twenty years ago.
Bio Saving to Public.
If rates had risen proportionateiy to
the increase in the cost OF other artl
Giles of ordinary use, Mr.. Kruttschnltt
told the committee, the average pas
senger rate in 1915 would have been
2.95 cents mile, or so per cent higher
than it was, and the average freight
rate would have been 1.21 cents, or Ut
per cent higher than it was. The say
ing to the public in passenger fares
through this difference was $314,Ooo,
900 and in freight rates $1,34O,OoOoOO.
Universal railroad bankruptcy under
this reduction in rates and increased
cost of operation, he said, was avoided
only by heavy expenditures to obtain
increased efficiency in train movement,
making it possible to haul more tons OF
freight per locomotive. This had re
duced the average cost OF hauling
ton of freight, but the decline in the
average freight rate had reduced the
net revenue Of the roads from each ton
hauled. If the operating costs OF the
railroads, including the prices OF coal,
labor and material, continue to adj
vance at the present rate a lot OF rail-
roads will be in the hands Of receivers
by 1918 unless some relief is afforded,
Mr.. Kruttschnitt told the committee.
Owing to the rise Of commodity
prices" he said, 1.-THE purchasing power
of the dollar has fallen 50 per cent and
the railroads are in the position of be-
ing compelled by law to accept pay.
ment for their service to the public In
currency worth 45 cents on the dollar
PubIic's Chief Interest.
1.-THE public's greatest interest is In
adequate transportation facilities and
not so much in low rates. AS to most
commodities freight rates form very
small proportion Of their cost. Elk.
Guiding low grade commodities, the
percentage OF the freight rate to the
cost is so slight as to offer no justifica-
ton for any substantial increase III
prices to the consumer. 1t may be
stated with little fear of contradiction
that the consumer seldom, if ever,
profits from a lowering of freight rates.
''Extortionatc charges are thing of
the past, and under the attempt to cut
rates to their lowest possible figure
the interest of the whole public in the
character and standard of transporta-
ton is subordinated to the interest OF
that part of the public only that profits
by lower rates-that is to say, the ship
rers and their agents and not the gen
eral public. the ultimate consumer"
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10

$3.50 I. q 1e
switchboard operators. In any Of these
lasses-yeomen, wireless or telephone
operators women would probably not
go to sea, but would be detailed for
shore duty. Certainly they would not
go to sea at first
What is the pay Of wireless teleg-
rapher?''
"a chief electrician gets $G6 and
board, first class operator $55 and
board, second class $44 and third class
$685."
"The observation has been made"
Commander Patton was told, that it
would be bit hard on a woman should
she give UP a regular position to learn
wireless for the sake Of her country
and then find herself uncalled for and
out Of work.
Can Collect Retainer.
There is. however, this feature of
the problem" he answered, that after
she has taken her preparatory work
she may take her three months con-
firma ton and, If she chooses to remain
in the reserve, may for four years
thereafter collect her retainer Of two
months full pay annually without per.
forming any service during the remain
der Of her enrolment if there is no war.
In the event she is chief operator she
would receive $132 year, you see."
GLOW is this possible?" He was
urged to be more specific.
Because" he said, ''the same rule
that applies to men applies to women.
This covers yeomen, wireless operators
or any class in the service Of the Unit
ed States naval reserve. Men are en-
rolled for four years, but in time OF
peace they may resign whenever they
desire To be confirmed in their rank
or rating they must have three months
training. They may have continuous
active duty on full pay if they desire it
and their services are needed.
"After three months training and
confirmation officers and men receive
retainer pay every year of two months
full pay, without performing any serv-
ice during the remainder of that enroll
ment. The training may be taken in
periods of not less than three weeks at
a time. Before being confirmed they
receive an annual retainer pay Of $12
They may enroll in any naval district
they choose"
''This brings up the question of dis
tricts. Would woman desiring to give
yeoman service be apt to be detailed
in the district in which she had en-.
rolled?'
"She would be apt to be- he replied.
1t may be a matter of interest to note
that there are fourteen districts in the
naval reserve.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10

DargOes, has given impetus to gencr-
alton old movement to make the Merri-
mac river navigable from its mouth to
Lowell, Mass. Army engineers have
approved plans for an eighteen foot
channel to the Spindle City, conditional
on the state paying one-half Of the esti-
mated 100000 cost.
Representative Augustus P. Gardner,
John ]. Rogers and Michael F. Phelan.
through whose districts the river runs,
have asked the legislature to vote the
necessary appropriation that they may
have a lever to use ON the committee
on rivers and harbors.
The AIerrimac flows through one of
the most congested sections of the
United States. From its mouth to
Haverhill there is a seven foot chan
mel, enabling Hayerhill to get it's coal
at So less ton than the larger places
further inlsnd.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10
RAINBOW HUED SHOES
COMING, DEALERS SAY
Leather Is So Scarce Cloth Will
Be Used More, With Greater
Color Variety.

The all leather shoe will soon be al
most extinct, according to an announce
ment Of the executive committee of the
National Retail Shoe Dealers assOcia-
ton in New York. Cloth is to be sub
stituted, but as cloth is plentiful the
shoe top will henceforth creep two
inches higher above milady's ankle and
will appear in colors heretofore taboo
in the shoe trade.
In view Of the embarrassment which
may follow this departure the associa-
ton will appoint committee to in
struct buyers throughout the country
relative to the proper combinations Of
colors, it being presumed that many
small retailers would not know wheth-
er red and pink, for instance, would
be popular in their particular cities.
An official said: TODAY we can pro-
cure hides only from Russia and In
din, and this is done only after great
difficulty. We have sufficient leather
to meet the demand, but it will be nee
essary to substitute cloth for leather in
Shoe tops in the majority Of cases.
Shoes will not, however, increase ma
terialIy in price. During the past year
shoe prices have increased about 10 per
cent, but the price of leather has in
creased about 100 per cent.
"By next fall, should say, a shoe
costing S. today will sell for about Sc
or $3.50. They will not get cheaper,
but the crest of the wave Of high shoe
prices has almost been reached"
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10

Usual Examinations Are Required,
Women Are Also Welcomed In the
Navy as Wireless and Telephone OPP
erators-Pay Ranges From $50 to Ss6
Month, Including Board.
What is yeoman?-- How does one
become yeowoman?
What Is the remuneration for the
wearing Of such title?
Where does one go when once one
has pinned it on-the title, not the re-
Enumeration?
Many young women are inQuiring
about doing yeoman service for the
government. Commander John B. Pat
ton, U. S. n, of the Third district Of
the United States naval reserve and on
the staff of Rear Admiral Usher, COM
mandant of the New York navy yard.
gave the following information:
"The service of a yeOman, which may
be undertaken by man or woman.
constitutes clerical work. said Com
mander Patton. "1,his includes Ste
biography, tipping and any of the sub
heads Sthat come under the general
head of clerical work.
There are four classes-chief yeo.
man, who receives $66 month and
board on sea or shore; first class, $44
and board; second class, $3.50 and
board, and third class, $33.
1.-THE salaries vary according to the
class of work demanded. A chief yeO-
man must naturally be an expert. At
present women as ycomen are not be-
ing enrolled because of the press of
other matters, Immediately it is de-
cided to take applications notices Will
be published through the newspapers"
Examinations Required.
"What examinations would have to
be passed in order to qualify an appli-
cant for yeomanry duty?" lie was asked
"The usual examinations one would
put any applicant through who wished
to do clerical work." he replied. HE
or she would be asked to take dicta-
ton, give an example of tipping, etc.
These examinations would be given in
the navy yard. The physical examina-
ton Of women would be given under
the direction of the nurses at the naval
hospital"
I'm what other lines can women en-
roll in the naval reservei''
"As wireless operators and telephone
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10
"THE NAVY NEEDS Your

Call to Enlist Replaces "stand by the
President"
"Stand by the president" has given
way to the slogan, THE navy needs
yOu-America first"
A large electric sign topping one OF
the business buildings in a prominent
spot on Pennsylvania avenue, WASH
igton, called upon the people to "stand
by the president" 1t attracted much
attention, especially during the inau-
guration period, when thousands Of
strangers were in town.
This slogan, however, has been dis
placed with the call to join the navy.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10
TO DEEPEN THE MERRIMAc.

Will Lower Cost Of Coal In Great Tex.
tile Centers.
The excessive cost of coal, plus in
ability to get it in satisfactory quaint
ties at any price III time Of freight en-
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10
HOW WOMEN Can
DO NAVAL SERVICE:
Commander Tells What Steps
Are Necessary.
WOULD NOT BE- SENT TO Sea

Usual Examinations Are Required
Women Are Also Welcomed In the
Navy as Wireless and Telephone Op.
erators-Pay Ranges From $50 to Sst
q Month, including Board.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10
IL Worked Six Years,

"Girl" arrested after working six
years as a housemaid in Fall River.
Mass, turned out to be man who had
worked as woman in many homes.
Webster City freeman. [volume] (Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa) 1884-1946, 1917-04-10
II Was still BURNING

Hero dived from New York wall with
pipe in mouth to rescue man overheard.
and when he climbed out pipe was still
a!ight.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
Alexandria Gets New Industry for
the Building of Sea Planes and
Birds of the Air.

The Briggs Aeroplane Company is
the name of a new business concern
which has just located in this city for
the purpose of manufacturing aero
planes and seaplanes. The large
brick building on the east side OF
st. Asaph street. opposite of what
was the: Robert Portner Brewery, has
been secured for use and preliminary
work is already under way. although
it is being held back somewhat due
to the difficulty experienced in OBJ
tanning the necessary skilled labor.
The company was organized by
MIR. Blaine Ell1ins, of West Virginia,
and Mr.. A. w. Briggs, of Washing
ton. Work has been started on three
or four machines and it is hoped to
get one or two out within the next
month. Both land and water planes
will be manufactured, one type OF
which will be designated as flying
boat and another which WIN De
known as a regular sea plane.
1t is expected that the new enter
prise will bring quite a large num-
Der of skilled mechanics to the city
when it gets i'm full running order.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
IAN EYE FOR AN EYE"
British Will Act Upon Law i'll Pen
Itatench in Dealing With Germany.

London, Oct. 5.-Speaking with
the authority of Il member OF the
War Cabinet, Lieutenant-General
Smuts, former commander of the
forces in German East Africa; in
an address yesterday to the presl-
dents of the chambers of commerce
of the United Kingdom, said the gov
ernment had been reluctantly forced
bv recent air raids, on London ami
other English cities to apply the
maxim of IAN eye for an eye. and
a tooth for a tooth" and carry out
an air offensive on an unprecedented
seal. against German cities.
The total air losses in London last
month. General SHUTS said, was tlf-
ty-one persons killed and 247 IN
irre4. During the first nine months
of the year" General Smuts con-
tinued, "the losses from air raids
were 191 persons killed and 749
wounded, as against 487 Killed and
in the metropolitan police area"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
DU PONT ENDS LIFE.
Shoots Himself While on Auto Ride
With Young Woman.

Ogden, Utah, Oct. 5.-Gerald +.
Du Pont, aged % years, nephew OF
the powder manufacturer OF VIII
minpton, Del. and New York city,
committed suicide here yesterday
after leaving the hospital, where ne
had been for several days suffering
from a nervous breakdown.
The tragedy occurred on a state
highway near the city while he was
out riding in an automobile with
Miss Marian Browning, the daugh'
ter of George f. Browning, broth
er of John NJ. Browning, the gun IN
ventor.
Giving as an excuse that he deslr-
ed 70 leave the automobile before
turning around to leave for the city
Young Du Pont stepped out''of the
car and walked back a few pace:
and then. drawing new pistol iron
his pocket placed it to his head 'an'
fred. The bullet passed through .hl'
head ..,oG ! ~
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
MEETING OF TRUSTEES
Two Public School Teachers Resign
And Several Others Petition Tor
Increases in Salaries.

The regular monthly meeting Of
the City School Board was held last
night Nine of the trustees were pre-
sent. The business. in the main. was
of general nature.
w. w. Arbuckle, recently elected
teacher in the High school, sent in
his resignation, which was accepted
as was also that of Mrs Cora J..
Kelly. Both have secured positions
in Washington.
a number of teachers sent petit
tions TO the board asking increases
in their pay.
Most of the time the board was
i'm session was consumed in inter
changing of opinion as to how the
school officials were to meet condi-
tions which now confrnt them. The
problem is serious from the fact that
teachers can, under the present order
of things. obtain better salaries II.
other avocations.
After the matter had been
thoroughly threshed. it was ordered
that the City Superintendent of
Schools procure teachers temporarily
or until the board can elect quail
fed persons to take the places of
those who have resigned or are about
to do So
During the discussion it was
stated that sonic of the teachers had
been rendered more lucrative posi-
tions in Washington, but after hav-
ing signed contracts with the school
board. they had had determined to
serve in the school system notwlth-
standing the fact that the board can
not see its WAY clear to increase
their pay.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
GETS SENATE ACTION
Boston Man Has Chance to Show
Secret Power Method. -

The Senate, at the suggestion OF
the committee on patents, late last
evening decided to agree with the
House and give Inventor Garaoed
r. X. Giragossian, of Boston, a
chance to make good on his secret
method for utilizing free energy. Inc
demonstration is to be made before
the Secretary of the Interior and a
committee of distinguished sclen-
fists.
The inventor declares that his m
vention will so enormously increase
the power of ships and aeropianes
that through its use the war car
soon be brought to an end.
81 have an invention" said Gira,
gossian yesterday, (which will senc
locomotives and steamship engines
to the scrap heap and make possible
aeroplanes compared with which the
present ones are mosquitoes
Giragossien claims he has founo
a method of harnessing free energy
in the air and making it work moro
efficiently and economically then
steam or electricity.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
DEMANDS FULL QUOTAS
Local Boards Must Furnish Men for
Those Temporarily Discharged.

Richmond, Oct. 5.-Temporary dis
charges of men for military duty
will not serve to relieve boards of
the necessity of accounting for the
full number Of men assigned to the
several districts. That number Of
men will have to be sent, regardless
of exemptions. An order from Pro
vost Marshal Crowder bearing on
this point was received yesterday by
Governor Stuart for transmission to
the local boards, being as follows:
Local boards will not be given
credit on quota for men who have
temporary discharges. If the tenn
porary discharges do not expire until
after the sending of the first quota
sucll temporary discharges are tan
tamount to excusing the holders
thereof from service as members of
this quota, inasmuch as local boards
must furnish full quota for days
named. In such circumstances other
men will have to be sent to camp who
would not, except for these facts,
telong in first quota. Great care
should be exercised therefore, Pm
granting temporary discharges.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
DEATH OF FORMER RESIDENT
Mrs. John c. Ballagh Passes Away
at karuizawa, Japan.

Mrs. John c. Ballagh Passes Away
at karuizawa, Japan.
A cablegram received yesterday
announced the death of Mrs. John
Craig Ballagh, at Karuizawa, Japan.
Mrs. Ballagh was Miss Bessie
Falls, the second wife of Prof. John
Ballagh. of the Ma!ji Gakuin. Tokyo.
They had four children-Edna,
married to DR.. Mcfarland, of al.
bany, N. y; Bessie (deceased), mar.
ried Mr., Pool. of England and Japan;
Hamilton and John, ir.
The brother-in-Ea of Mrs. Bal
lagh, the Rev. James Hamilton Bal
lagh, more than so years a mission
airy in Japan, lives in Yokohama.
His wife, Margaret Tate Kinnear
Ballagh. of Lexington, Va, died in
Japan.
Mrs. Ballagh was the eldest
daughter of the late Robert W. Falls
and a sister of Mrs. ]. Johnston
Green, Of Alexandria.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
RAID GERMAN PAPER.
Publishers and Editors of Freie
Zeitung Charged With Sediti0us
Publications.

4
Zeitung Charged With SeditiOus
Publications.
Newark, N. j., Oct. 5.-Agents OF
the federal government yesterday
seized the publishing plant in this
city of the New Jersey Freie lei
tung, widely read German lam
guage newspaper, and arrested It's
two proprietors and three editors on
charge of publishing seditious and
reasonable articles. The five men
Benedict and Edwin S. Prieth publ
shers, and William Won Katzler
Frederick J. Hartmann and Henry
Waechter- were arraigned IN S5,O0U
bail each for a hearing October 16
Agents of the government are IN
charge of the plant.
The Freie Zeitung, which was
founded in 1858 by the father of the
present owners, had been under sur
veillance of the government for sew
eral months, and September 26 the
publishers were notified by the Post
office Department to show cause why
their paper should not be barred
from the mails. Benedict Prieth was
to have appeared in Washington to-
morrow to make statement to
Postmaster General Burieson, and II
is not known what effect today's ac-
ton will have on this phase Of the
case.
After their release on bail the
publishers issued statement n
which they said they always had
been loyal to the United States and
denied having published treasonable
articles.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-10-05
GREAT RED CROSS PARADE
Thousand Nurses ana
Workers, About to 60 TO France,
March Down Fifth Avenue.

New York. Oct. 5.-Thc first great
Red Cross war parade ever held IN
the United States marched down
Fifth Avenue 25,000 strong yeSter.
day. The marchcrs were nurses and
Red Cross workers about to leave
for the front in France.
Colonel William Hayward was
grand marshal. Hundreds of nurses
and hospital workers brought then
knitting and piled their needles for
the soldiers as they waited or march
ed. Thousands waved flags ant
cheered the parade with the same
spirit shown when New York saic
good-by to its militia regiments o'i
for the first step of their journey Il
France