davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
DECLARES INDEPENDENCE.
Bessarabian Republic to Form Part
Of Russ Federated Territory.

PETROGRAD. December ODESSA
rabia has declared its Independence as
the Moldavian republic, to form a part
OF the Russian federated republic,
Bessarabia is a government of south
western Russia, adjoining Rumania.
About half the Inhabitants are Ruma-
mans. The population is in the neigh
borhood of 100000. Kishinev is the
capital of Bessarabia, which has an
area of about $4,000 square miles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
To Speed Up Training Schedule.

BY tomorrow morning the last of the
Christmas vacationfsts will have re-
turned to camp and Gen. Nicholson
will be in a position to speed up the
training schedule.
The most striking feature of this pro-
gram viii concern the trench work for
Gen Nicholson has planned to give the
infantrymen a big mouthful of real
life in dugouts. That life in real
trenches will tougher the men is adj
mitted, but more important than the
work Of acclimating the soldiers Is the
work of familiarizing the men with the
intricate details of the underground
system of fighting. The camps trench
es are complete in every detail and
when the men leave their barracks to
set up housekeeping in the rabbit holes
they will find everything in place from
trench stoves to telephones.
The 23d Engineer Regiment is pack
ing it's equipment and making ready to
build new home at the Laurel race
track. The track with its spacious
buildings has been loaned to the gov
eminent for the war period and batch
of engineers will probably leave Camp
Meade today to get the new camp in
order.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
Tax Rate for Married Men.

The rate of tax for a married man or
the head of family is per cent on
the amount of his net income exceed
ing $4,000 but less than $4,000, and
per cent on the amount of his net in
come above $4,000 but less than $1,000.
An unmarried person not the head of
family will pay per cent on the
amount of net income above 81, 900 but
less than $4,000. and per cent on the
net income above $4,000, but less than
$4,000.
An extra levy, or surtax in addition
TO the normal tax, is imposed on in
comes above $1,000, so that the amount
OF income between $4,000 and $1,000
Is subject to total income tax. in
Guiding both normal and extra, of 5
per cent; and between $500 and S1O,-
600. per cent. The surtax further in
creases with higher incomes. SO that
amounts of s1.000.o00, are taxable at
% per cent. with one per cent addition
al Tor each half million up to two mill
lion dollars. All incomes over the lat
ter amount are taxable at 81 per cent.
typical income tax levies on heads
OF families are as follows: Income of
1900. tax is $40; income of $4,000, tax
is $50; income of $4,000. tax is sac: in
come of $4,000. tax is $40; income of
$500. tax is $50: income Of $1,000, tax
is $Se. FoS'' "a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
BIG TAX GATHERING
TASK ON TOMORROW
Income and Excess Profits
Returns Begin With the
New Year.
HOW RATES ARE FIXED

The great task of gathering income
tax and excess profits returns will begin
with the new year, tomorrow
Every unmarried person earning more
than $1,000 during the last year, and
every married person or head of fam
lily who made more than $1,000. must
file with the internal revenue collector
of his district report any time be-
tween tomorrow and March /. He will
be notified before June / of the tax due,
and payment will be due by June 10.
The government expects to receive
s1.20I .ooo. 900 from income taxes before
July 1, including s666.eo0.000 from in
dividuals and s535. 1000. geo from corpora
tions. This is more than one-third of
the s3,4oo.000. estimated receipts UNI
der the war revenue act passed by
Congress at the last session.
From excess profits taxes the govern
ment expects to realize about s1,220,
100000 before July /.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
Civil Service Preparation

BY EXPERIENCED INSTRUCTORS.
Prepare to serve your country BIZ atudyins
shorthand. typewriting and bookkeepinx Com
p,ete Course time unlimitedl. day or evening.
ss so "a IyPewriting. months; day or evening.
day, as we'll as Monday. Wednesday and Friday.
Z to 0 80 pm ..
WOODS SCHOOL, $500.
s11 EAST CAPITOL ST. Phone Uncs. 81.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
Light Artillery Pieces.

The guns are designed to serve as
light artillery pieces and are provided
with fortified emplacements. This does
not mean that the boys from the DIS
trict will enjoy picnic when called
for real service in France. for the work
of machine gun battalions carries them
into positions far in advance OF other
artillery units.
Despite the cold wave that has gripped
the camp since Friday night, there is but
little suffering, and that experienced by
the division is borne by men on guard
duty There is an ample supply OF coal
on hand and so many volunteer coal
handlers that not barracks In camp IS
uncomfortable.
AS for clothing there is enough to keep
all the men warm, but in a wind that hits
virtually impossible for men on guard
duty to combat the cold. Like policemen
who are forced to patrol their beats in all
sorts Of weather the guards have learned
by experience that in weather such as
that since Friday it is impossible for any
man to keep warm when patroling the
reservation
That men with engineering experience
are to be given a chance to win commits
sions in the engineer units has brought
out a large number of applicants The
tests will be conducted by the command
ing officer of the 23d Engineers some time
during the latter part of January, and
men DESTROYS of taking the tests must file
their applications before tomorrow noon
Nearly a hundred selects have already
signified their intention. to take the ex-
aminationS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
What Unmarried Persons Paw

Unmarried persons would pay in this
way: Income of $1,000. tax is $40; in
come of $4,000. tax is see. income Of
$4,000, tax is $50: income of $4,000 tax
ID $4o; income of $4,000, tax is $50. in
come Of $4,000. tax is $50; income of
Is $120 %''o'V' TAX
Taxes may be paid in four INSTALL
menus between now and June II IN
this arrangement is preferred. but the
treasury will open a determined cam
paign soon to encourage persons 10
pay their tax in full Immediately and
ment. p@s-
small army of accountants. espec-
ANY trained for the work in schools
conducted by district collectors for the
past two weeks. will go into the faeld;
beginning Wednesday to assist persons
IN Ming their returns. and will travel
on prearranged itineraries for a month
or more. In addition, federal agricul
tural agents and representatives Of
state and county councils of national
defense. have enlisted in the Campaign
OF education. BY this extensive cam
paign OF education Internal Revenue
Commissioner Roper hopes to eliminate
the chances of failure to file a return
through ignorance of the requirements.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
Pre-war Period Taken as Basis.

Before a tax is levied on excess nroAt,
for 1917. business is permitted Ia
make the same percentage of profit on
its invested capital that It made on
its invested capital during 1911 1915
and 1913, the so-called "pre-ware ne
riod. providing this is not more thar
3 per cent. and 5000 additional for !
corporation or $1,000 for a partnershir
or individual. These are the deduction.
which are not taxable.
Definitions OF terms, particularly the
items making UP Invested canfteIs
have been made in a number Of recen,
regulations issued by Commissioner
Roper.
Excess profits taxes and income taxe,
may be imposed on the same earnings
If they are sufficiently high The law
specifies, however, that the amount o,
tax payable under the excess proft.
provision may be deducted from Kros.
income before determining the mel
income on which income taxes are paid
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
Excess Profits Tax Begins Also.

Beginning tomorrow. also. exeess
profits returns for the year 1917 will
be received from corporations, partner
ships and individuals The last date
for the fling of these is March 1 the
same as on income returns. and nav
ment must be made also before funA
Is. except under the fiscal wear ar
rangement.
Individuals. making more than sc ooo
during the year also are subject 10 an
8 per cent tax on their income above
that amount. Independent Of the reguIar
income taxes. This per cent levy ia
tmpoeed on individuals with no canitaJ
ar with only nominal capital, such az
professional men with money Invested
In books. dentists and physicians in
struments, or other equipment.
Another kind of tax is laid on excess
profits Of businesses having Invested
capital. On this basis, the taxes on net
incomes or profits in excess of certain
deductions are at the rate of 90 ner
cent of the amount of net income in
excess OF the deduction and not In ex-
cess OF 10 per cent on the invested cant
tai; 20 per cent on the amount in ex
cess of Is per cent and not in excess of
20 per cent: IS per cent on the amount
in excess of 20 per cent and not In ex-
cess of 25 per cent: 40 per cent ON the
amount in excess of rs per cent and NOT
in excess of 80 per cent, and so per cent
on the amount in excess of 80 per cent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-31
To Encourage Willing Spirit.

In fact. officials in charge Of the tax
gathering machiAe expect to eliminate
the usual grudging spirit of taxpayers
they They have called this liberty tax"
war cause as the liberty bond issues,
and every effort will be made to en-
courage the spirit of willing giving
among those on whom the tax falls.
About 1000 600 persons will paw in
come taxes. 1t il estimated, and most
VIII be subject to direct federal tax
for the first time. for less than soc. 900
paid income taxes last year under the
old law Tax return forms have been
made as simple as possible, those for
incomes OF less than $4,000 being es-
pecialiy free from technical features or
tnquisitorial items.
Corporations will pay income tares
also, but on a different basis. Their
net income is subject to tax OF 6 per
cent under the new war revenue act
and certain technical deductions are
allowed. Corporation returns are due
between January and March / for the
calendar year 1917, and companies on
Grating on a fiscal year basis must re-
port within sixty days after the end
OF the fiscal year.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
E1sF fs S 2issss ~ fss;;. - ----7- - -
 } GETTING AHEAD IN THE ARMY

Since regimental and company of- lficers have full responsibility for the Iefficiency. of their teams they are giV- en corresponding authority in pro Emoting men from the ranks to posi- lions as non-conrmissioned officers.
 For all practical purposes their judg- tment as to the men under them is iregarIhed as final. ys
 One point as to which you may feel assured is the earnest desire of every fofficer to give promotion to the men jwho are best qualified-in other words, to select. the men who have tct1ltivated the soldierly qualities and in addition show capacity for further Edevelopment and for leadership. The Eofficers are fully as much interested in promoting men on the basis of mer- lit as; any of the men are interested in securing promotion. For the officers town burdens are frightened and their success is increased almost in, direct tproportfon to their ability to promote Lthe, right men, Chances for Promotion
 The gffrst rank above private is cor tporaL The corporal should be a real Header. He is expected to be more ] lfami1iar with the various manuals and fregulatfohs and with the duties of the smen in the squad than are the men themselves. He is. expected also to
 use his influence \ strongly toward building up soldierly qualities among these unen.
 Among the qualifications which all nop-cKnmfssioned officers should pos
 sess the following have been selected
 by one military writer as being of the lffrst inportance: { l. Proficiency as guides in close-or- sder drills. and particularly as column Headers in route marching.
 7 g. Aggressive leadership, especially l5n drilling marching, and fighting.
 3. Ability to act as instructors.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
Tom Hyer Was First
 To Capture American
 Championship of Ring

The list of American heavyweight champions begins with Tom Hyer. and it will be just 7e years ago to- morrow since the gallant Tom achiev- ed the right to call himself the pre- nnier fighting man of the New World Rough-and- tumble fighting, hardly to be dignifed by the name of pugilism, was popular on this side of the Att 1antic in the latter part of the 18th century, but it was not until the dawn of the 18th that real ring pugl- ism was introduced.
 The first contest in accordance with the English prize ring rules was pulled off in 1S16, with Jacob Hyer and Thomas Beasley as the combatants
 They fought only a few rounds to a
 draw Old Jacob had son named
 Tom who developed into a promising
 fighter, and on Sept. g, 1S41, he fought
 John McC1uster, known to the sports
 as Country McClos1ey,'' at Caldwell S Landing, N. Y. The bout was for the cham mpionship of America and at tracted a big crowd, each man having
 his devoted adherents who were will ling to wager their all on the result. NdcCloskey was a slam-bang fighter, but Hyer was trained in ring science,
 and he pounded McCloskey unmerc1-
 fully for 101 rounds before he would give in and admit defeat. Hyer was acclaimed as a hero, and for several years he reigned the undisputed king
 of the fstic gladiators.
 It was not until dS47 that man was
 found to oppose him. This was "Yan-
 kee Sulivan," a middleweight who
 haid gained an excellent reutation.
 They were matched for $10,000 a side
 and the scrap was pulled off in Mary
 land. Although Sullivan lasted only IS minutes, he put up a game battle, and after it was over Yankee had
 to be carried to Baltimore hospital
 for recuperation Both Hyer and Sul- livan had saloons in New York, and
 before they met in the ring they had
 engaged in a fbar-room brawl, from which Sullivan had emerged with
 blackened optics and a caulifiower ear.
 After the Maryland affair flyer was
 thrown into jail and was kept locked
 up until Sullivan was we'll enough to leave the hospital. Hyer was next matched to fight John Morrissey, one of the pugilists who made his head quarters at Sulfivan's place, but John forfeited $100 and followed the gold rush to California.
 At San Francisco Morrissey met George Thompson, an English DoXer, who had trained Tom flyer for his battles. and they were matched for the first real fight ever held in the Golden State. Thompson had the best of it, but lost on a foul. When Nor rissey returned to the East he was again matched with Hyer, but Mor- rissey's crowd at the ringside were so threatening that Hyer refused to go on. After that Hyer could get mo- body to meet him, and retired from the ring.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
THE SETTLEMENT
 OF ST. AUGUSTINE

The first permanent European set clement in the United States was founded on this date, Sept. 8, 1865. Menedez de Aviles had arrived on the coast of Florida on St. Augustine's Day in that year, and accordingly he gave the name of that saint to the city he founded. The founding was ac- compar1ied by much pomp and dis play. Accom- panied by his chaplain, arFayed in rich sacredotal robes, Men endez went ashore, followed by num- erous ecclesiasttes and gentlemen, g while flags waved, cannons roared, drums beat and trumpets sounded. Menendez planted the royal standard in thesands, beside which the chap lain placed the large cross he had car r1ed. With such consecration Men endez laid the foundation of the city of St. Augustine. Only a human sac rifice was needful to give the city a proper start, so the Spaniards sallied forth and slew Jean Ribault and his company of French Hugenots St. Au- gustine now has population of about 5000 and is known chiefly as a winter resort. *
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
CHICAGO LIQUOR
 DEALERS TO PUT
 BAN ON DANCES
1,5OO Saloons Expected to Allow Licenses to
 Lapse.

Chicago, Sept. s.-The Chicago Brewers association, the Chicago Re tail Liquor Dealers association and several kindred organizations made known. yesterday that they would be- gin an active campaign to prohibit dancing, skating and vaudeville /en- entertainment in any Chicago cafe where liquor is sold. z
 The move for this separation will take the form of an ordinance to be presented to the city council at it's first meeting on Oct. 1, it is said. The only form of. amusement to be permit ted under the liquor dealers plan would be band concerts in places that seat 500 persons or more.
 William Legner, president of the Brewers association, predicted that with whiskey under the ban by con- gressionar action, by Nov. of this year, 1,500 of the city's 1000 saloon licenses will be allowed to lapse.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
REGINALD KAUFMAN

That socialism, as an anti-milftaris- ticforce has been an utter failure, is the belief of a former adherent of the movement, Reginald Wright Kauff- man, the American dramatist and au- thor, who has spent a great part of his time since the outbreak of the war in Europe in studying the part played by the disciples of Karl Manx in the conflict. MT. Kaufman has pointed out in magazine articles 'how<the so- cialists, who had boasted of their abil- ity to prevent a European war by a general strike, abandoned all their pacifist plans and rallied to their na- tional standards immediately the war clouds began to loom upon the hori- zon. It will be interesting to hear what MT. Kaufman has to say re- garding socialist activities to bring about peace. In all of the countries involved-in France and Great Bri- tain and Italy as well as in Germany and Austria-the socialists made only t the most perfunctory efforts to avert the war, according to Mr. Kaufman. American socialists are equally impo- | tent, he insists, since the party every- where is modelled along the lines of the German party, and was therefore alsou nable to prevent war. The con-
 
 that socialism is bankrupt, and that I the movement, at least as now consti- tuted, will never get anywhere MT. Kaufman, who is forty years old to- day, is the author of teWhat, is Social ism p and other books dealing with this subject, as well as of, many nov- els and dramas, including '"rhe House of Bondage My Heart and ste- phanie,' and others He was born in Columbia, Pa., and studied at liar. yard, beginning his career as news paper reporter in Boston and Phila- delphia. He has held many respon- sible positions in connection with magazines and newspapers MT, Kaufman has a country home in England. where he has spent much of his time in recent years. His most successful novel was 'The House of Bondage" published in England un- der the title of Daughters. of dsh. mael," and which has been translated into French. German, Swedish and Flemish and has also been produced upon the stage. The novel deals with white slavery; and it's publication in England resulted in the passage of 8 new law dealing with the social evil
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
ANNIVERSARY OF THE
 BATTLE OF FTODDEN HILL

England and Scotland, whose men are fighting shoulder to shoulder, will find an added incentive for. heroic deeds today, for this is the anniver- sary of the Battle of Flodden Field. It makes no difference that 404 years ago today Britons and Scots were slay ing each other, in fact, the day will even cement with greater strength the friendship and admiration of both for each other.
 It was at the Battle of Flodden Field that the Scottish monarch and the flower of Scottish chivalry fell victims to the sensuous wiles of a six teenth century Delilah. The fells and ridges of Northunber County echoed to the tramp of armed hosts 4O4 years ago today. Facing each other in battle array were, the Scots under James ", and the English un- der the Earl of Surrey, Henry VIII. being then on the continent engaged in his expedition against France The grounds stated for the declaration of war weret the seizure of Scotsmen on the border, the refusal of Margaret s legacy, and the death of Barton. The war was dis1iked by most of the peo- pie of Scotland, but James managed to muster force of 100000 as large an army as had ever been seen in Scotland. Crossing the border, he took Norham, Wark and Ford. It was at the last of these places that he met the Dehlah who was largely reSpon- sible for his downfall and death. The sorceress who led him to forget the urgent need for speedy action was the wifel of Heron, the proprietor of the castle of Ford, then held prisoner in Scotland. His lovely spouse, con siderin no sacrifice too great to make for her lord and her king, deliberate ly set about the not difficult task of ensnaring the heart of Scotland's inn questionable ruler. James fell an easy Victim to her wiles, and fingered for several days, while his army chafed at inaction and grew sullen and mu- tinous. At last, after he had babbled | his secret plans and revealed himself to the fair agent of tlfe enemy, the infatuated king tore himself away stunned the stern pursuits of war. The eighth of September, 1513, found James feudal army encamped on F1odden Field. The Earl of Sur rey, with 26,000 men, placed himself between James and his own country. On the afternoon of the ninth of Sep tember the battle commenced. It was brief, terrible, ferocious, It has been said that in the conduct of the action
 James was guilty of every fault a gen. eral could commit. Yet he was brave
 unto death. At the head of the chos-
 en warriors he charged upon Eng
 lands commander, and fell dead with
 in lance's length of the Earl of Sur 1 rey. It was as foolhardy charge as
 that of the six hundred, and when | the Scots fled in disorder they left 10000 dead behind.
 Besides King James and his son, the slain included the Archbishop of
 St. Andrews, twelve earls, fourteen lords, two bishops, two abbots and hundreds of knights and gentlemen. Another Anthony, King James sold
 his life for the dear delights of a, few
 fleeting days of fond folly
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
CONNECTICUT GETS
 $92,216 FOR ROADS

wash.,s Sept S. - Apportionment of s14, ,55o, ,0oo to the states from gov- ernment funds to assist in maintain- ing rural post roads was announced yesterday by Secretary Houston of the department of agriculture for the year ending June 30, 1919. The law calls for apportionment of $20,000,- 900 for 1920 and s25,00.00e for 1921. ; The amount to the New England sstates for 1919 follows:
 Conecticut,S $92,216; Massachusetts s221, ,261; New Hampshire, $62,610; Maine, $144,S07; Rhode Island, $34,- 972; Vermont, $6S.12S.
 This Is the third apportionment under the law, $4.S50,eoo having been apportioned for 1917 and $s.700,000 for 1918.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-09-08
No Sign or Dropsy And Kidney TroubEs Since Taking ssFRUiT-A-TIVES"

Fort RoDlnSons July Stl1, I9l5s "we have used "Fruit-a-tives'' in our house for over three years and have always found them good medicine. Osr little girl, Hattie, s0ss tyon6zed witA KSdney Diseass, The Doctor said she was threatenedwith Dropsy. Her limbs and body were all swollen andwe began to think she could not live. Finally, we decided to try "Fruit-a-tives". .SAe began to saow Representatives. lad given Aeva tew Aa5Geks. In a short time, the swelling had all gone down and her flesh began to look more natural. Now fshe is the AealhAiest oae fn Ne famiky and has no signs of the old ailnent- We cannot say too much for " Fruit-a- lives" and would never be without them"J
 WILLIAM WARREN.
 5Uc. box, for $2.5o, trial size, 25c. At all dealers or sent postpaid on receiptof price by Fruit -aztives Limited. Ordensburp. New w'yorE<-a t