davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1917-03-09

kikiIa kA keiki o ka alma
Cecil the. son. of the land) was the
slogan with the Hawaiians, and they
loved him for his personal worth.
''In 1878, he entered on legis.
letive career, lasting up to the time OF
the termination Of the monarchy and
continuing thereafter up to short time
Evening star., 1917-10-14

up the Potomac river to Preston. A log
cabin afforded his wife a resting place. while
rhn gentlemen and servants kept vigilant watch
for Indians.
The inference is that the log cabin
was there when the Alexander party
arrived It was probably the home of
a previous settler. who had no warrant
or no title to the land.
John Alexander. who had bought the
patent from Robert Howsen, was the
first white man to take actual and
lawful possession of the land. That
was close upon two and a half CEN
turtles ago. The Alexander family in
America multiplied. Sons and daugh-
ters. grandchildren. great-grandchil-
dren and great-great- grandchildren
married. linking up hundreds of other
family names. The offspring of gem
blood of John Alexander and his wife
through many thousands of persons.
Great numbers of these direct and col
lateral kindred are living about the
world. and many of them live in Wash
ington and its vicinity
Out of that Howsen patent, to which
the Alexander family gave the name of
Preston grew great number of
other estates, as. for example, Mount
Ida. Abingdon and Arlington. After
Preston the oldest of these names is
Mount Ida. That part of Preston was
given by Charles Alexander. sr.. son
of John Alexander. to Charles Alexan-
der, jr.. grandson of the first proprietor.
1t was Charles Alexander, jr., who gave
to the tract the name Mount Ida.
1t would be difficult to gather all the
place names that have grown out Of
Evening star., 1917-10-14

has a vast expanse below him. I did
not rise to the height of a mile, but
was SO high in the air that l could see
the city of Buffalo far off at my right.
river. which separates this country
from Canada. and look far out upon
Lake Erie with its mighty freight
steamers bringing down flour and
grain from the bread basket of the
northwest to be transshipped for New
York and across the ocean to be con-
sumed by our allies.
The earth below seemed to change as
we rose. The world from an aeroplane
is far different from the same world
viewed on the ground. AZ a short dis
tance from the surface the ragged
roughness of the land disappears and
the country becomes a beautiful patch
work of field and forest of many colors
and of all hues and shades of green and
yellow The fields grow smaller and
smaller. The wide roads stand out like
broad lines running through the green
You can see where they are raised
above the rest of the country. You can
mark the hills and the hollows- The
whole is like a relief map drawn to
perfect scale. the length of which de-
creases as you ascend. The lakes turn
into ponds, the houses grow smaller,
until at last the homes of the farmers
become toy dwellings or Noah's arks
and the men in the fields dwindle to
the stature of Tom Thumb or less. A
little higher. the roads turn to ribbons,
and the automobiles racing along them
look like bugs or beetles running back
and forth upon the white and red
streaks below. The towns become play
villages, and the city of Buffalo dwin-
dies The whole is in such perfect re-
l.ef that a photograph of 1t tells the
gunners exactly where things are. and
Just how they must shoot to land their
projectiles upon the works of the en-
emy. It is this that enables the spy
machine to be of such value in our
warfare in Europe. Every detail is
visible and the planes are now equip
ped with wireless telegraph instru-
ments with which they can direct the
artillery Just where to fire. 1t was
from an aeroplane like this that tho
Evening star., 1917-10-14

71HE story of Preston requires
more space than the Rambler
was able to give 1t last Sunday.
It ought to be clear that in re-
nting the history of an estate which
the time of it's creation by patent
m Sir William Berkeley. royal gov
Ior Of Virginia. in 1869. contained
% acres only the high points may
touched on within the limits Of a
gle brief narrative. AS the RAM
r ~ already written. this grant was
wsen, a ship captain. as recompense
bringing settlers to Virginia Tho
% Of the issuance of the patent was
ober FL, 1863, and the land trans
red under it's terms was wild land
The tide of settlement at that time
not proceeded far up the Virginia
b Of the Potomac. Settlement begun
St Mary's City proceeded rapidly
rthward in the valley of the Patux-
and less rapidly northward in the
ley Of the Potomac and moved more
sky along the east than the west
. of the river. Maryland settlers
>9stng northward from st. Marys to
Port Tobacco river, Mattawoman
ek. Piscataway creek, the Anacostfa
ana ROCK creek were 1HuCH HchI-
he base Of the colonial government
ISt. Marys than settlers on the Nir-
la lands near Washington were to
center of their government at
nestown.
I IL likely that before the issue of
patent to Howsen adventurous
lite men had made themselves at
me on these lands far removed from
nestown and the settlements in the
FER part of the northern neck OF Vir-
eta, then the counties of Northumber-
Id and Westmoreland. They had
ne into these parts for one or an
her reason Perhaps they had been
conflict with the government officers
Jamestown.
ne into conflict with those author
bs, and some men moved far ont into
] American wilderness. Others came
t4use they felt that the lower sec
ms OF the James river. the Rappahan-
TX and the lands far down the Poto-
pke away from the settlements be-
tse they disliked the constraint of So
" and wanted to live the freer life.
ne Of these men merged with the In
ms, adopting their customs and in
hing q very thin strain of white blood
the Indians of the woods and hills
the west and south sides of the
komac
Not all of the men who parted COM
by with their fellows in the lower and
er settlements were white. Some
fe black men. Before the introduc-
"a Of absolute slavery into Virginia
lite men and black men were import
ana their services sold to planters
/ q term of years. Though it was not
al and technical slavery. it was a
hditfon of servitude very like it, and
$ny OF these men escaped. making
pr way out into the Wilderness and
ing to such depths in the forest and
Han country that the law officers of
colony could not follow their trail.
addition to these. there were ambi-
Evening star., 1917-10-14

1t steers the machine just as the rud-
der steers the ship.
1 put on a leather coat and a helmet
which covered my ears; and was given
eyes. ! then climbed into the hole
nearest the engine. and sank down
with my head just above the body of
the fish. Behind me. in the second
hole, sat Pilot Instructor Spratt, an
aviator of the flying corps of the Brit
ish army. man who has seen service
in the war in Europe and has brought
a number of German planes to the
ground. At one time he had sky bat
tie with Immelmann, the famous Ger
man aeronaut, in which both sent many
shots at each other. The battle was
not decisive. although the British ma
chine was severely damaged In the
action.
Our machine was started by men
cranking it on much the same principle
as an automobile. They did this by
giving the propeller a whirl. The en-
gine began to work. The noise grew
louder and louder: a great wind arose
and we glided over the ground. the tail
dragging in the dust which rolled up
ward like cloud into the air In the
meantime the whirlwind increased. The
engine went faster and faster. and 1
had the feeling of climbing up a hill
in an automobile. This increased a mo-
ment later when the machine left the
ground anu eilucu up dH inclined pldHc
into the skies. The ascent was gradual
and we seemed to be forging ahead
still upon our two wheels.
AS we rose higher and higher there
was no feeling of the great void be-
meath u.s. The way into the sky ap-
peared to be as solid as the ground we
had left and we were forcing ourselves.
it appeared. through a solid medium
rather than the treacherous circum-
ambient air. This feeling prevailed
throughout the whole trip. I had none
of the dizzy sensations which some
people experience when they look at
the ground from the top of a high
building. My stomach stayed where it
was and my heart did not crawl into
my throat. AS we rose higher and
higher my confidence increased, and I
felt that was in less and less danger
My greatest regret was that I was
strapped to my seat in my tightly but
toned leather coat SO that could not
get at my note book to make detailed
Evening star., 1917-10-14

ing. I had to raise my voice when I
spoke to the pilot. and this feeling
continued for some time after l came
to the ground. / can easily see why
goggles are worn and why one has pads
over his ears. AS We descended, the
machine shot almost straight down.
ward. and We were going at a rate of
something like a mile a minute. ITe
seemed to be diving straight into the
earth when the pilot pulled lever and
we coasted about for level place upon
which to land. We found II in the hy-
ing field from which we had risen. AS
the. wheels struck we bounced. l Judge.
as high as the tops of the orchards
nearby. We bounced again and again.
but without any noticeable shock, and
then skinned over the road on the
tires until we reached the exact spot
from which we had started.
During the same day my daughter,
who was with me. took n half hours
flight in the same machine, flying this
way and that among the clouds and
alighting with no perceptible palpita-
tion of the heart.
My machine was military tractor.
of the type chosen as the training ma
chine for our army. 1t is about the
same as the standard machine now used
for Canada and Great Britain, and tt
will be turned out in great numbers for
training our aviators for France. There
is a large number of students being
trained here outside of the men who
have enlisted for the purpose. The
head of the school recently sent out an.
for men who wished to
learn to fly, and he received 5000 res.
plies in the course Of one week. -
Thousands have applied to the govern.
ment to be taken into the service. and
training fields are being established.
in different parts of the country. Thsrs-
are now something like 500 students
in the training schools Of eight great.
and the government expects
to graduate students into the advanced
flying fields at the rate of 200 per week.
Several thousand men should be nyIng-
by the time this letter is published.
The age limit for pilots 10 from twenty
one to twenty-seven. and the head OF
the training school here tells me ne
best men are to be found between the
ages Of eighteen and twenty-thrsA.
FRANK @. CARPENTUR.
Evening star., 1917-10-14

first Of tho Alexandeys Of whom there
is record was called Mcdonald of the
Island The story is that he fought
against one of the ancient kings of Scot
land. was attainted and losing his name.
but not his head. he thereafter called him
self Donald Alexander. His son. whose
rame in equity was Alexander Mcdonald.
became in law. or in such law as then
prevailed in Scotland. Mcdonald Alex
ander. His son. Andrew Alexander.
Baron of Menstree. and the date OF his
Katherine Graham of Scotland. Their
oldest son was Alexander Alexander.
baron of Menstree, and the date of his
birth or death, the Rambler cannot re-
member which, was 1894. His son was
William Alexander. who was the first
Earl of Sterling. Baron of Nova Scotia,
Eiscount of Canada and secretary of
state for Scotland in the reign of James ].
His wife was Jane Ershine. Their son
William was also Viscount of Canada
and his son William died in infancy
The line then descended to Henry. third
Earl Of Sterling. brother of William.
Viscount OF Canada. who died in 1850
His son Henry died without issue and the
line then descended to John, son Of John,
Evening star., 1917-10-14

supply the world with beef and mutton.
But the great war has affected the price
Of living in Argentina as in every other
part Of the world.
During tho first few months after the
outbreak of hostilities Argentina suf
fered because Of the uncertainty and
decentralization, but she was the first
to recover. This was because of the
food needs Of the allies. Their pur-
chases of wheat and beef and mutton
were on a large scale. and money
flowed into the country. Then came Il
partial failure Of the wheat crop. while
the beef and mutton did not increase
in Quantity. The government laid an
embarbo on wheat which brought it
into collision with England. There was
an economic justification for the en-
barge. but England did not choose to
regard IT in that light and retaliated
by shutting down on the supply Of
coal
The national revenues fell off because
Of decreased sales abroad and de-
creased importations. through which
large amounts of customs duties were
collected. The internal revenues also
decreased. President Irigoyen's admin
istration was not responsible for this
loss of national revenue or for the fis-
cal crisis. but its handling of the prob
lem did not seem to show a proper
grasp of the real situation.
Inexperience in public affairs was es-
pecially manifest in fiscal matters. The
financial situation was accentuated by
the attitude Of New York flnanciers in
regard to Argentine loans Two years
ago short-time loans were made in
New York, and it was then thought
that they would be renewed on a more
permanent basis at the date of ma
tur1ty, but the condition of the money
market forbade this and the funds were
Evening star., 1917-10-14
Mrs. Rachel Raphael.

~ ORERT HENRI, a new York por-
~ trai. painter. had just exposed a
bogus T:n.oretto.
Really" he said. the ignorance on
hotb sides that is shown in most OF
these bogus dea,s-the ignorance on
the buyers part and the ignorance on
the seller's--remind me of a story
"A I'd avenue second hand man tried
tn sell a chap a picture that he said
was genuine Raphael.
But said the prospect, this sig
nature don't look like Raphael II
looks more like Rachel to me-.
".It is Rachel said the dealer
There's a secret connected with that
You see, when Raphael painted this
nicture he was in pretty low water, so
for safety he put it in the wife's
n,pa'"
Evening star., 1917-10-14

Preston. Some of the plantations go
back 200 years and others just antedate
the passing of a century many place
names will grow out of large tract
of land. 1t is divided among the chill
dren. The divided portions are sold
and perhaps again divided.
On the lands of Preston stand the
city of Alexandria and all the villages
between that place and Washington.
The Rambler cannot determine the
reasonably secure in believing that
Bancroft, Baileys Cross Roads, Balls
ton, Clarendon. Glencarlyn and scores
of villages and hamlets west Of Airing
ton and Alexandria stand on land COW
cred by the Observation-Disclosures grant.
The size of the estate of Preston
diminished by descent and bequest to
heirs and sale to strangers until it was
reduced to a few hundred acres adjoin-
ing the mansion house of Preston.
which stood near the river shore south
Of the mouth of Four-Mile run That
tract still carries the name of Preston
Swami family. direct descendants of
John Alexander, until very recently.
perhaps up to few months ago, for
aught the Rambler knows to the con-
trary.
Much of the remainder Of Preston
was bought few years ago by the
Washington Southern railroad and tho
great Potomac freight yards were built
up there. strip of land, still called
Preston. remained between the east
ward edge of the maze of trackage and
the river shore. and the Rambler's un-
derstanding is that the railroad recent
ly obtained possession of that land from
the Swami heirs 1t is on that strip of
M he r9 nd "a
river that the successive mansion
houses of Preston stood. and where the
Preston burying ground is today. The
burial plot is thickly upgrown with
trees interlaced with vines. Out of the
grave-pitted earth grows a dense tan
gle of brambles. In this forlorn and neg
1ected spot lie a few old tombstones.
Many of the stones that were there
have been stolen. It is remarkable
thing that there are men who will steal
tombstones out of an old burial place,
but such is the fact.
AS the Rambler told in his previous
story, the bones that rest in this old
cemetery are soon to be removed to.new
graves in the buryfng ground of Pohick
Church. The work is to be done by
woman who. the Rambler has been in
formed, Is the last of the direct de-
scendants of John Alexander in pos
session of a part of Preston, the hill
tract south of Four-Mile run and west
of the railroad tracks, called Mount
Auburn.
Among the vines and brambles the
Rambler found one fiat gravestone the
inscription on which could only be de-
ciphered with difficulty. 1t follows:
In memory Of William Brown, Formerly
Physician General to the Hospitals of the United
States. who died January IT. 1892, in the 4sth
year of his age.
This tablet Is inscribed by his anectionate
and afflicted widow
His Zeal and Fidelity as Patriot, BIS
patience. Diligence and Skill as q Physician
His knowledge. Integrity and Courtesy as
8 Man Secured him the Approval Of his Country
men, the Fame and Emoluments Of his Profess
Evening star., 1917-10-14

description of the scenery as we few
over the country. Had 1 had my type
writer with me. I could have clicked it
of as we flew.
As we rose I was able to look about
and study the country as 1t lay there
below me. 1t was great map, which
changed every minute, bringing more
and more into view as we mounted the
Monument. the horizon was thirty
miles distant. and at 1000 feet l could
see for radius of almost sixty miles.
At the height of one mile on clear
day it is said that the aeronaut has a
vision of ninety-six miles all about
him. although this is limited somewhat
by the curvature of the earth and the
conditions of the air. The circle in
creases in the same ratio as he rises.
and at two miles, which is the usual
height of our observation machines, he
Evening star., 1917-10-14
The Bad Performance.

T. BERRY WALL. New York club
6s man, arrived one afternoon
rather late at an opera matinee that
was evidently not good.
The doors were closed till the end of
the first act. and as Mr.. Wall stood in
the lobby with the false strains of the
opera floating round him a lady tried
to enter the auditorium. but the door
keeper shook his head.
mo, no, madam said Mr.. Wall. in
his most waggish tone. THE door
keeper dare not open the door during
the singing. Half the audience would
rush out"
Evening star., 1917-10-14
Argentine Presidents Policy i'm Regard to Germany

unrest which found its utterance in de-
nunciation of the political groups that
had been in power for many years.
President Ir1goyen was expected to cor
rect everything that was wrong. both eco
nomically and politically. He made pretty
complete changes in the personnel Of gov
ernment, but it did not appear that the
administration of the country was I'm
proved. Lack Of experience in the new
officials may in part have accounted for
this failure to realize expectations, but the
deeper causes were the economic ones
The tariff was not an issue in the Ar
gentine election, and consequently was
not charged with being the cause of the
high price Of living, as in the United
States. But the price Of living was high
and kept mounting higher and higher.
Notwithstanding that Argentina is one of
the worlds granaries and her cattle
ranches and sheep ranges have helped
Evening star., 1917-10-14

provided out of new national loans
Argentine's credit always has been
high, but in the midst Of a world war
high credit is not sufficient for solvent
governments to obtain funds abroad.
The economic distress, as appears
from recent dispatches. has been grow
ing. At one time the cost OF living in
Buenos Aires was very high, due to
extraordinary prosperity. There was
said to be less poverty than in any big
city in any part of the world. This is
no longer the case. Now the cost of
living is high, due to adversely rather
than to prosperity. and there is much
popular discomfort. The strikes which
have threatened to paralyze railroad
traffic are one evidence Of this discon-
tent.
With an internal situation of this
sort it would appear that the Argentine
Evening star., 1917-10-14

French discovered that the whole Ger
man army was advancing toward Bel
gium and not making their attack. as
was expected, upon the French from
tier. That discovery saved the day in
Europe and prevented the immediate
success of the Germans. AS it Is now,
the observation planes make the most
of their flights at q height of two miles
above the ground. They are then out
of reach of the ant.-aircraft guns and
have the whole field of battle spread
out below them.
Returning to my fight. we scared
this way and that over the country.
now rising. now falling. and even loop
ing the loop at the will of the aviator.
The only difference in sensation was
that the air grew colder we rose.
and I caught my breath once or twice
as we made great dash. l observed
that the rush of the wind and the
noise of the machine affected my hear.
Evening star., 1917-10-14

sion the Respect of the Wealthy and the
Veneration of the Poor.
Let the grateful witness of his Virtues in
Domesticty add that a Husband, Father and
Man, he was Tender, Instructive and Human.
that he Lived without Guile and Died Without
Reproach.
Another fat stone darkened by the
rains and SHOWS of many years bears
this inscription:
Mrs Susan Alexander consort of William
Alexander Born May - 1897, Died May 10.
1885.
There is a poem carved on that stone.
but its words are undecipherable.
One stone bears this:
Louise A. Chapman cousort OF Joseph Horner
Born April g. Died November 16. 1886.
Asleep in Jesus, o! how sweet
To be for such a slumber meet
With holy Confidence TO sing
That Death has lost Its painful sting.
There Is also a stone which tells that
Helen Brown died April 81 1885. In the
fifth year OF her age. This was the little
daughter OF Surgeon General Brown of
the Continental army.
Some Of the graves in this tangle out
Evening star., 1917-10-14

government would seek to tranquilize
as far as possible the popular feeling
by not antagonizing it in foreign af-
fairs. But in the indulgent attitude Of
the executive toward Germany the con-
trary course has been taken. From
the beginning of the war there has
been less basis for developing pro-Ger-
man sentiment in Argentina than in
any other country in South America,
not excepting Brazil.
The German colony in Buenos Aires
was rich and compact. but it was as
nothing compared with the British
financial and commercial dominance.
In numbers it was a fraction compared
with the Italians, and even though
many of the Italians who We're settled
in Argentina have returned to Italy to
take their place in the ranks. Italian
influence in Argentina is still very
powerful.
Looking at the Argentine population
from any point of view, it would seem
that the line of least resistance for the
government would be to avoid any pro-
German bias, if not to show a beuev-
olent neutrality toward the allies. That
President Irigoyen has not followed the
line of least resistance may be due, as
Is intimated in some quarters. to his
obstinacy, or it may he on account of
the lack of familiarity with foreign af-
fairs, as has been biuntly stated in 9TH
er quarters, which enabled the German
minister to acquire personal influence
over the executive.
South Americans in the United States,
as well as government officials in Wash
ington, have given no hint as to what
they think is the cause of President Iri-
goyen's course, but there is little con-
cealment in the statement of their
views that it is not friendly course
toward the United States and the al.
lies. If ultimately Argentina enters