davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-09-16

novels and tobacco. At crossroads.
little fat y NJ. &. \. tents tpainted
2rass and earth COLOR serve as sta
tiouS for swift autos carrying pack
ages and comforts. In them are found
coffee. tea and chocolate. ink, pens.
letter paper and envelopes and big
sign reminds sammy that You Prom
ised Your Mother y Letter. Write 1t
To-day
All decentlv and in order. Otherwise
the men could never have gone through
the strenuous coaching for the front so
quickly and well. Week after week
they worked with the poilus. making
then smashing trenches.
They admire the poilus. Go ahead
They had to learn 10 be bombers hand
grenade throwers,. rifle bombers.
Lewis (portable, machine sunners.
how to fight with the bayouet. to dig
and wire tand both of these to timeD.
and TO march with a heavy pack con-
tanning all their worldly goods.
At home. of course. they had learned
their drill and discipline. to use the
rifle on the range, and TO march with
light pack. BUT all this, too. they had
10 do all over again in France except
that six months work at home is pack
ed into six days around Our village.
1t is hard physical work. II must be
done. because if the soldier is not phys
icallv fit for il. he could not possibly
stand the strain of fighting. which is
more severe cat times) than anything
Sammy ever did in his life before.
Work work. work.
Evening star., 1917-09-16

spindles now making cotton yarn in
Shanghai. and in one of the mills |
found an American light plant with
six thousand electric lamps burning.
The Chinese mills are increasing in
number. The most of their machinery
comes from England. Japan and China
imported more than d half million bales
of our raw cotton last year.
The most interesting cotton manu-
featuring district of the world is Ian
cashire county in England. 1t is the
center of the spinning industry and
the place where more than half of all
the raw cotton we sell is turned into
cloth The product is brought to Liver
pool. and some of it from the Mersey
up the Ship canal to Manchester. from
where it is distributed. The cotton dis
trict is only about half again $ large
as Rhode Island. but is so spotted with
mills that it might be called one great
cotton factory. Not only in the city
of Manchester, but in the villages and
towns nearby. the spinning. weaving
and dyeing goes on. | have stood in
the town of Oldham and counted six
hundred factory chimneys withoue turn
ing round l found them still making
cotton at Blackburn. where the first
Evening star., 1917-09-16

by story into the air--an opinion that
was held by others. He was mistaken.
however The Garfield building WAS a
solid investment.
The large room on the first floor WAS
rented by a trust company, which was
organized by Or. Garfield so that il
could be a tenant of the building com
pany From banks and Office build
ings the Garfield brothers turned to
coal. They organized a syndicate for
the purchase of Some mineral lands in
the interior of Ohio. but one OF their
partners. liking the bargain himself
bought il for himself before the syn
dicates transaction could be negotiated
and so ended that adventure.
Whereupon Harry Garfield found an
other hill of coal and rusty railroad
that pointed north, but stopped some
thirty miles south of an accessible har-
Dor. His associates and himself bought
the hill and the railroad and then 4
farm. for which they paid 100000. at
Fairport, one of the busiest shipping
points on Lake Erie. a right Of way
through the farm had been given to
one of the largest railroads in the
United States years before. II had
lapsed. i'll Harry Garfield's opinion. but
he proceeded on the theory that the
railroad would cause trouble when it
found that competing company was
planning to open mines and ship coal
by rail and water into the northwest
Papers were prepared long before
nanu 10 meet any attack that might be
made and sentinels were sent out to
report all of the suspicious movements
of the seemingly quiescent enemy. one
Saturday night. III midwinter. Harry
Garfield learned by telegraph that un-
usual activity was noticeable. He tele
Dhoned the contents of his sleeping pa
pers to his lawyer at Fairporr James
Garfield. called from a symphony CON
cert. followed with the original docu-
ments in his pocket.
locomotive dral m aY.e
loaded with rails and ties. steamed to
thA AdRA of aHYrad i.aor ho rai0
Evening star., 1917-09-16

Explosions and ratings.
American mules gallop past us.
crazily agile. haw-hawing Economically.
jheir pointed ears pricked toward the
heavens. their iron hoofs clacking on
the stone roads" so | see a French
writing in his note
book American soldiers guide these
beasts of the Apocalypse without fear.
The roads are full of chariots. The
Americans are vigorous. clean and as
athletic as the mules. Others stand al
doors of village houses. chatting with
mothers and daughters. What lam
suage they speak. l. do not know. but
they seem to understand each other
They do.
In our village. not a duck or goose
or chicken has failed to respond to the
roll call in the past forty days. which
is more than can he said of u French
company billet. or many a British.
Fruit hung red and yellow. in the
orchards. till the gathering. don
say the families had as many bushels
as good year, but there is no crit-
cism.
In a word. Sammy has good manners.
He looks on these French people with
a sort of swed compa sson. They
have had lot to stand he whispers.
And .the villa gers. who are no fools
cas- willy villager. runs the
French proverb. quite appreciate these
fine traits and the house dog wags his
Evening star., 1917-09-16

Near the gin sat two women who were
swapping the lint with bow strings 10
separate the fibers. and farther over
a half dozen more women. sitting cross
legged. We're spinning the lint into
warn by hand.
=
went TO the weavers huts at the
back and looked in. Black boys and
men sat before rude looms which had
been set in holes in the ground They
sat on the edge of the holes. The
looms were worked by the feet. the
shuttles being thrown back and forth
by hand. The latter moved through
the cloth with a whistling noise, and
this was about the only sound to he
heard. | bought some of the cloth.
1t was well woven. soft and very
durable | asked what wages the boy
weavers received and was told they
got 10 cents day.
IL is for reasons somewhat similar 10
those which have built up the Lancashire
county industry that we find so many of
our cotton factories in New England
One third of them are in the state Of Mas
sa chusetts. and there is one county there
which contains more than one-fifth OF all
Evening star., 1917-09-16

Surveyors with transitS and tapes and
workmen with shoVelS, sledges and
tamping irons aliehted-and were met
by the sheriff of the county and writ
of temporary injunction. hastily issued
by a judge who had been dragged out
of bed that he might perform the will
ing function.
Monday morning the lawyer for the
railroad visited the office "{ The Gar
fields He was an old friend and a club
associate of the brothers. Harry"
he said. beamug benignly. you Will
vacate the injunction. ] know. when
YOU coolly consider the law in the mat
ter. OF course, a railroad has right
to go on its own property.
When railroad" Or. Garfield an
swered. goes on what it claims to he
its own property al o'clock of sun
day morning, III the month of February,
with the temperature five degrees be
low zero and snow on the ground. it
would appear that the railroad was III
some serious doubt as TO its rights in
that property.
The injunction was made permanent,
Evening star., 1917-09-16

brothers studied law. Harry at oxford
in England and the Inns of Court in
London: James at Columbia College.
and in the Office of Francis l-ynde Stel-
son. where he arose to the position of
managing clerk. Their practice and
partnership began in Cleveland during
the year 1883. Harry was twenty -hVe
and James was twenty-three.
The Garfield farm was at Mentor.
some twenty miles, perhaps, eastward
from Cleveland. Prestige. the brothers
had. as sons of an illustrious father,
but il Was not convertible into bread
aud butter. And they proceeded to
make business, as suggested by the
senior. Their first enterprise was a
tall Office building on Euclid avenue.
They had little money of their own, but
they borrowed all they could and in
terested men of means in the undertak-
ing.
Half cash and half bonds obtained the
site and met the bills for the construc-
ton. It's gold brick. said one of
the richest landowners in the town.. as
he watched the steel frame rise story
Evening star., 1917-09-16

spinning jenny was set up. and also at
Bolton. where Crompton invented the
spinning mule. In Manchester ! visited
a cotton factory which was employing
three thousand hands and weaving
three hundred miles Of cloth every
week. The floor space was not as large
"a the overall mill | have described.
but it contained three thousand looms
and there were one hundred and twen-
ty thousand spindleS flying around.
In that mill most of the hands were
women and girls. Their wages We're
from three to five dollars week. and
ii took 4 skilled workman to get as
much as SO. Nevertheless the wa ageS
were considered good for that time
They have proba bly, Increased greatly
because of the war.
1t was at Omdurman, near khartum.
ALMOST 1000 miles up the windings of
the Nile. in Central Africa, that l saw
cotton ginned, spun and woven much
it was manufactured before Whit
ney gave US his gin. Omdurman was
"A town of several hundred thousand,
ket was in the midst of several thou
sand acres of mud huts, which
stretched out all sides of it. The
sheds and the streets were filled with
bags and sold as it was when picked
from the plants. The samples Were
displayed in fiat, round baskets, each
of which held perhaps a bushel.
Near the market l visited a factory,
little establishment consisting of a
half dozen mud huts, shut off from
the street by a mud wall. Inside the
wall was a court, and in this a dozen
black skinned women were sitting on
mats on the ground. Some were gin
ming. others were spinning. and weav-
ing was going on in the huts at the
back. The gin was somewhat like
family clothes wringer. save that the
rolls We're about as big around the
ordinary candle and the whole gin
so small you could fit it into a peck
measure. One woman turned the ma
chine while another put in the cotton
and picked out the seeds from the lint
as they were stopped by the rollers.
Evening star., 1917-09-16

the spindles now working American
soil Il has three times many cotton
mills as Georgia. which is the third cot
ton manufacturing state in the south. and
about three million more spndles than
either North or South Carolina. the two
states which lead in the making of such
goods among the states of the cotton belt.
This is Bristol county. in which are Fall
River New Bedford and Taunton. Next
TO that county is Providence. r. l.. and
after il is MiddleseN county, Mass. which
has more than million spindles. equal
ing Alabama. and SURPRISING all other
southern states with the exception OF
Georgia and North and South Carolina
The reasons are TO a large extent geo
graphical. The cotton centers close
10 the sea. and they have the right cli-
matte conditions.
II is largely due to geographical rea-
SONS that the most of the cotton mills OF
the southern states are located in the
Piedmont, or foothills of the Appalachian
edge of the highlands Of North Carolina.
South Carolina and Georgia, where the
climate is right. the rainfall plentiful. the
labor supply from the small farms and the
mountains abundant. and where electric
power has been generated from the
streams which flow down the mountains.
These conditions will lead to steady
increase in the mills of this region.
There are now cotton factories all the
way from Lynchburg. Va, to Atlanta.
Ga, and ] might say all the way to New
Orleans From the borders of Virginia to
those of Georgia, along the Southern rail-
road. the country is one almost continu-
Gus mill village. and many new factories
are being erected. During the past year
there has been an increase in the south
ern spindles of more than four hundred
and fifty thousand, and the new Ncapital
that has gone into the business is esti-
mated at more than eleven million dollars.
The new mills are scattered over eight
different states, but the most of them are
in the Piedmont region. -Four have gone
up at Gastonia. not far from here. and
there is new 'one at Mayworth. n: C..
which has twenty-five thousand spindles.
FRANK q. CARPENTER
Evening star., 1917-09-16

mischief If turned loose over the coun-
tryside. Putting up with surprise and
indignation. he exploded: 'CertalnlN
not. Let 'em roam, eft em wander!
lie em drink in moderation of the light
beer of the country. Let EN- make
love in moderation to the laSSeS or the
valley. I can trust my men. They We
been in the locality month. and they II
be here again when they have made
little tour of Belgium. They've Just as
much pride in the good name OIL the
regiment as | have"
Sammy sits in the group around the
front door in the twilight.
Up and down the main street are a
hundred such mixed groups.
Already he has found place, a fam
lily. He is somebody.
And the more he sees and hears the
more his self-respect grows. Here's a
war in which he is really somebody. in
which the high private is more than
an anonymous brick in Il wall or an
interchangeable part in machine.
more than mere common fodder In
spite of Germanic theories. the man in
the ranks of the allies has thinking
part as important Gin proportionD as
that of his superiors in rank.
The company is specialized. There are
grenade throwers, rife -bombers, ma
chine -gunners. Lewis (portable) ma
chine gunners. gas and oil men tin a
very wide sense). wire-scisSors men.
trench mortar and crapouillot experts.
mine diggers, tank operators and what
not
Every private has a chance to distin-
Evening star., 1917-09-16

Japanese goods. During my last trip
through Asia | went through the mills
of one Japanese company which had
more than 100000 SpindleS at work
The machinery was OF the latest m
yention. the most of it imported from
the United States. One of the mills
had S3.000,000 worth of raw cotton
on hand. A large part of the em-
ployes We're children and they worked
ten hours a day. Their wages We're
little more than ! to 3 cents for each
working hour. At that time there were
about 100000 women and girls at WORK
in the cotton factories of Japan ana
there were $4,000 children employed.
each of whom was under fourteen
wears of age. The goods made were
equal to any manufactured IN the
United States.
where l found Chinese children work
ing at cents per day. Some OF the
little tots were no higher than my
waist and many did not reach to my
shoulder. The smallest children were
pulling baskets, filled with bobbins.
here and there about the room Ihe
largest were attending the spinning
mules and they We're working so hard
that they scarcely looked up as ! en-
tered. The pay of the older hands
ranged from cents to 20 cents. emma
has no laws against child labor, and
the manager told me that he often had
father. mother and children, all OF one
family. working for him.
Some of the women had their babies
with them in the factories that they
might not lose work. / saw a three
months-old baby lying in pile of
cotton waste at one side of the room.
One of the girls worked away with an
almond-eyed infant on her knees, and
another had baby in basket beside
her. That factory was working TWEEN
ty-four hours, as also were those of
oyfa ha q
by night as well as by day, and in
the Chinese factory the work went on
Sundays and week days, all the year
through.
They have seyeral hundred Thousand
Evening star., 1917-09-16

pable of brilliant individual action In
n crisis He added: while war ie not
sport. but grave and serious work.
want men trained in the same way.
And Sammy sings:
My Little Girl" Uncle Sam" See
ing Nellie Home" and Down by the Old
Mil Strcanl'' were the first melodies
let loose to the respectful admiration
Of the natives. These French villagers
" no are not much on singing for them
selves Ctheir young men are dead or
scattered. flehtingD would listen by tn.
hour to American soldier charuses. II
seems 10 bring them a sense of victory,
which they had almost given up re-
joicimg in-untn 1t should arrive.
When neu. real war songs finally
sprang up. like Hep, Hep. Hep and
Stopping Through Belgium they
electrified the natives. To hear a pretty
French girl singing "Epp, Epp, Epp'"
is about the limit
H., has gone far o'er the briny
10 the land Of feur de his,
OF course, nc" is Gen. Pershing. who
is disclosed to he "watchfully waiting
for the boys al home in khaki
But the DAYS will not be many
Nor the waiting be in vain,
For from Colder Gate 10 Sandy Hook.
From city, hill and plain.
It's the hep. hep. hep.
Wei bc after YOU Jack Pershing.
In Just little while
The Yankee hosts moving now
In column. mile on mile.
Wc'll be ready for your orders. Jark
tWe love that good old smilel-
look Tor Us. Jack fershing,
In igst litile while:
singing is fostcred by the high COM
mand. who can estimate the influence
Of 'TipDerary"r To me. American civil
ian in Paris its Elere melody will al
ways stir those noble sentiments We
felt. as the first wounded English came
hloodily Cwheu blood was new) TO tn.
American Ambulance Hospital Of
NeuillN. For many year 20 come
''Tfpperary" VIII make British eyes wet.
when. iu the NItching hour OF twilight.
it evokes the khaki figures in the glare
of the skyline and the dead Hho are
unforgotten.
Who can es' ite, for France. tho
influence of III. terrific song Of Yer
dun--.Pa sscrout pas.''' or who forget
the goose-step arch to death of the
Prussian Guar at Npres. intonins
deutschland uber allies
1T is desired thar the american Army
he singing army" SO ran The first
words of communication to the
American public of Paris. asking for
5000 copies of The Battle Hymn OF
the Republic noble marching
strophes of Julia Ward Howe. which
fired the hearts of The northern armies
in lS6i-6J.
They are heard NOW on the American
front in France. one regiment has
adopted IL 'as our marching song. -
memory Of tho American martyrs OF
liberty" And in Our village you may
hear a>noble French translation of II.
torn OFF ~ inspired French grand
lnoihers STERLING HElLIG.
Evening star., 1917-09-16

seek carts"'-"Yes. you're out of it.
I'm sorry. mademoiselle. Come up"
-"Kom opp? Comment. kom opp"
"Stung ed" has become French. Thus
does Sammy enrich the language of
Voltaire. His influence works equally
on pronuncia ton There is tiny
French village named Hinges. on which
hinges the following: From tho days
of Jeanne dare the natives have pro-
nounced it "Anjs' in one syllable with
the sound of "a" as in ham, but
Sammy naturally pronounces it
Hinges" as it's spelled one hinge,
two hinges on the door or window.
An so the natives, deeming that such
godlngs can't be wrong on any detail,
go about now showing off their knowl-
edge to the ignorant and saying. with
point of affectation: Il have been to
Inn-lese.'"
| should not wonder if some of these
boys should marry. They might do
worse. The old man owns 21S acres
and nobody knows what converted
French fves. Sammy. too, has money.
A single regiment of American marines
has subscribed for $4,000 worth of
French war bonds since their arrival in
the zone-this in spite of their deposit
ing most of their money with the
United States government.
AS for philandering, hard war work has
occupied all mornings and a big slice
of the afternoons. but during the rest
OF the day Sammy has had his time to
himself A genial major was asked if
he thought the battalion would get into
Evening star., 1917-09-16
RIIIFI IVd1I + VHV y,
September .. 1917

~ line, n No city, city OF non.,nr.,,on. tents No
The village streets are empty in the
sunlight. Geese and ducks waddle to
the pond in Main street.
II is am. High up. the lone Ger
man aeroplane sees empty valley, emp
ty village. empty countryside. Yet the
American Army zone must be some
where about here.
After two great fights in the air a I
dawn (thirty-two avions engaged in
one. eighteen in the other). the lone
German managed to slip past the dead
line. He circles like an eagle, seeking.
Where are the Americans? Where are
their barracks. tents and store-shacks?
Two French Spads dart from the dis
tance. The lone enemy turns tail. Be
fore reaching German lines, he looks
attentively into another French valley.
fall of empty villages. No city of tents.
No brand-new metal roofing. The viii
lage streets are empty in the sunlight.
Yet il must be the American area
Where are they?
Rugle
Up and down the valley, in the empty
villages. there Is a moving picture
transformation. The streets are alive
with American soldiers, tumbline out
of village dwelling houses
Every house is full of boarders.
Every village family has given, joy
fully. one. two, three of its best rooms
for the cot beds of the Americans
Barns and wagon houses are trans
formed into dormitories. They are
learning French. They are adopted by
the family. Sammys in the kitchen
with the mother and the daughter.
Bugle.
They are piling down the main street
to their own American breakfast
cooked in the open, eaten in the Open
this fine weather. Come and see "our
village" from which Sammy goes to
war.
A billet. in France. is said to vary
from a chateau to a cellar. Hardened
british billeting officers declare that
the ideal billet is one that supplies a
bed Tor every officer, the sergeant ma
for and the Quartermaster sergeant
and plenty of nice clean straw for all
the men. Well. Sammy is doing better
In front of houses are canvas reser-
Noirs of filtered drinking water The
duck pond in Main street is being lined
with cement. The streets are swept
every morning. There are flowers The
village was always picturesque Now
It is beautiful.
Chaplains' clubs are set up in empty
houses. The only large tent is that of
the Y. NJ. c. A, and it is .'camoufied''
against enemy observers by being
painted in streaked gray-ereen- brown
Its "canteen on wheels" is loaded
late, crackers. games. newspapers.
Evening star., 1917-09-16

the RUSTY tracks were extended to the
lake and coal from the hill began 10
move uorthward. There was profit in
the enterprise for all concerned. 1t
was AT this junctuTe in his personal
aud professional affairs that br. Gar
field received the letter from Woodrow
Wilson, president Of Princeton.
But the Garfelds. when they sat
down in their law Office and held their
first conference. during which the elder
brother said. I'VE shall have to make
business" discussed sin another sub
ject-poIitics. We are citizens first"
they agreed "After that" both said.
we are lawyers.
Such. as Thomas tar!yi. would have
phrased the statement. was The Car
field formula. If office came. well
enough. :. If it did not come. they were
not to care. Harry took up his resi-
dence in Cleveland; James, tail. manly.
blue-eyed and studious. as his
father continuing to live on his farm
at Mentor, was citizen Of Lake
county.
From the village council. where he
studied pavemeuts, lights, cutters. dirt
roads and finances and codified the
local ordinances. James went to the
board of education. He practiced law
by day and government by night. At
the age of thirty he was elected to the
state senate. When he was forty-two
he was a member of President Roose-
Velt'S cabinet. Now he is again
Cleveland lawyer.
j. =
Harry Garfield has never been a cam
didate for public office but he has been
continuously in politics Holding to
Edmund Burkes philosophy that
when bad men combine. the good
must associate else they will fall. one
by one, an unpitied sacrifice in a con-
temptible struggle" he helped to or
Evening star., 1917-09-16

OF The Star.
OUR VILLAGE"
Somewhere in France,
american Army Zone.
American 'FRONT.',
September ., 1917.
FRENCH valley full of empty
villages. close to the fighting
line. No city of tents. No
mass of shack constructions.
Evening star., 1917-09-16

pable of brilliant individual action in
n crisis. He added: while war is not
a sport. but grave and serious work.
want men trained in the same way.