davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1917-06-10

sI,n,,n iu ,r1lr.. ,,i,.N this .r,sou.
due prrhap4 ta the popularity of the
unarrnupoui,d D., The familiar sun
COM tbYt h.. h,lI .,,a, for $50 long
ONO cont. .,.r. run in ..ut. has the drou
,Irr,,. ,uI monk hood ,oul. The
..,,, Nu.ri,.p br,ufv bur,ll,
.l.ib with rray burcIa cloth trim.
niuss bn.I ruff. ana pipinps Tho
,,,f Isl. tIrr,..,Inrtcr hoN model. also
,,r, min dlnbi..hr,t.t,d with reg
.I.ttnr. ..n,t sleeves This garment ls
Iu in,. vivid green 500 much used and
A.. nrir.ipul tummur consists of the
Yrt, mttor1
parr,uarN pr.tN and now b. q
recommendation cape boz gray
,i,.r nntrIn cloth A 'lrcy,lc-. uc-
t,. Nlistcout is worn under the cape,
Mn button. around the neck under "a
NIdr nlI.hug collar. which also ls of
,n,.I, 10th The cnpe Is easily ad-
m,r.I and ~ D., removed lt Will.
IN, coat on Urhrt is finished tu every
v.., to Uc worn without the cape \
.,u, coat for NOR, formal wear is 900
h.1t, black satin. nn,i with Amcrl
..n 6o4ut, satin The only trimming
b. tp,t formed I,. rows of satin button.
b,rIruire AT tho neck and running
dow. over the shoulders 60 tho bottom
nf the .lccV, opening.
Novelties iu luncheon hits are tCw,
hnt one. i'm a while out appears thu
has some new points ono shaped
,r1pl rnck has four folding stools and
, r,llinr nhIe m,loscd II haas four
hoitics four luncheon boxes. salad
.4trIrr Iutt,r lr pcppcr #ulf and an
,f tho necessary fittings u aluminium
rh, r,.. D.. OF enamel duck and quite
u.ht cousidcriug it, contents II is
Tined with hhck and white striped
,,r t,,, ner.ous has knives. forks.
po,n4 corkscrrw and can opener
When 10 is rolled cup fits ou each
,nd the entire outfit slipping into "a
AS,
Ginrhnn uillows NJ tho tuck in
sIyr are coming into their own for
.h.rk. ar solid colors ate chosen.
SOM, h.vo "a soft fluffy mfflc. others
,u.t "a corded edge. but one and AN
hnttou ON SO they may come off for
I.uud,ring after zach touring trip.
Th,., pillow. have "a double 1dVau-
t1rr for they may also serve FOR
,nt Nor. elaborate pillows are Of
ilncl s,tn with the worstcd Vcgc-
tlhIrs or flowers for trimming ono
i,s "a bo4l,ct OF fruit at each corucr
and another a hnOkct OF flowers IN
mo rcnter
p,triodr tourists viii hc Interested
ia IN, vrbitr Inn, hecu umbrella with
ia, iG-irch border of FLAGS Of the al
lies Tho FLAGS are painted i'm waite.
mi ground spike and may be opened
and set up over tho improNiscd ,os-
side luncheon table.
small tucked parlsol+ with leather
handles are much used for motorin
Also those having narrow fringe /
Perhaps the latest are those having
the shocked satin panels. but for
dusty touring they are not as prAou-
cal as the FIRST mentioned.
, tt.s-. - t..,...- . 1t.,b,
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1917-06-10
There With thcN,oo.is.

The spread eagle orator used TO
say We could lick all creation"
THAT was going a trifle strong.
perhaps. However. We do seem to be
able TO supply all creation with
loans"
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1917-06-10
MINT In Snih.

Wilue-pa is gOint 10 let you marry
!, .Stcr.
Mir Spooncr- do YOU know
Wulie-uc said after all IL was bet
ter than nothing -Boston Transcript
Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1905-1919, 1917-06-10

Red. white and blue stitching has
ON white doesk,n walking
gloves and is very decorative hut as
the colors cannot he guaranteed the
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

ARRANGE FOR SERIES
BETWEEN TWO LEAGUES
Schedule of 1S Post-Season Games
Will be Played by American
and International Rings.

NEW YORK. March 7-Pres't
Hickey Of the American association
has been in consultation here since
Monday with Pres't Barrow of the
International league in the schedule
for the As post-seaSon inter-league'
games. Several changes in the or
iginal schedule are to be made to
avoid long jumps in American asso
citation territory. The first "A
games will be played at American
parks, beginning Aug. and ending
Aug. %. The second half of the
series will be on International
grounds, starting Aug. 81 and con-
Guiding Sept. %.
The complete schedule will be
made public March 10 at the same
time the rgular 1917 season sched-
uleS are to be given out. There will
be -" regular season games in each
organization.
Pres't Hickey mas signed jim
tombstone of IrvingtOn, n. j., as a
member of his umpiring staff John
stone was formerly a major league
umpire and two years ago was with
the Federal league.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
GLOOM DISAPPEARS
BUT COMES AGAIN
ZiIky Signs Affidavit, But
Authorities Will Continue
Probe.

The heavy gloom which settled
over the high school basketball
camp Monday afternoon when an
announcement was made 10 the ef.
feet that Edward Znky. the star
guard Of the Tan and Blue quintet.
would not be allowed 20 play in the
sectional tourney which is 20 be held
at the Y. NJ. q. a Friday and
Saturday. was removed and replac-
ed within a few hours yesterday aft
ernOOn.
The reason advanced for the keep
ing OF Zilky out Of the games was
that the local authorities had re-
ceived a report 20 the effect that
ZiIky had played independent bas-
ketball while a member Of the local
team which is an infringement OF the
Indiana High School Athletic as
ISOLATION and would make the local
quintet liable 20 suspension from the
association were Zilky 10 be allowed
10 play.
Zilky was asked to disprove the
report which he did by swearing out
an affidavit TO the effect that he
has never played professional bas-
ketbaIl and that ne has not played
independent basketball since Feb
ruary I, 1917. at which time ne be-
came a member Of the local team.
The news that Zilkv had signed
the affidavit, which was given out
about O'Clock yesterday afternoon
was ioyfully received by the student
body and South Bends chances in
the coming tournament were great
IL increased: but the gloom was re-
placed or at least partially so,
early last evening --hen Prin. J. S.
MCGOWAN announced that the case
wa. still doubtful for at least one
OF the schools that are TO compete
in the tourney had requested fur
Their investigation which was grant
ed by the local authorities.
AS the turnament is booked to
omen at I o'clock Friday afternoon
the investigation will be as speedy
as possible so that Coach f. Fl.
Burnham and the local fans may
know whether or not Zilky will be
in the local lineup. Prin. MCGOWAN
stated that definite action would
undoubtedly be taken some time to-
day but would not mention the
names Of the schools that requested
the furthering OF the investigation.
Thinking that the case was settled,
Coach Burnham used Zilky in yes
terdav's practice but if Zilky is
again withdrawn Coach Burnham
will have 10 send a different COM
bination into the opening game of
the tourney.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
CLUBS To COMPETE
FOR $500 REWARD
Prize Will be Given to Best
Military Trained Team
in Big Leagues.

CHICAGO. March Baseball
clubs OF the American league. now
receiving military instruction in
their training camps are 10 COM
pete for drilling honors, Capt.
Franklin 2. Kennedy. L. :. a. in
command of recruiting in the CEN
tral department OF the army. an
uounCed Tuesday night.
Capt Kennedy said that Pres't 3.
Is. Johnson of the American league,
originator OF the military training
plan for ball players. has offered q
$500 prize 10 the best drilled team
i'm the league and a prize of 500
in gold TO the drill sergeant who in
structs the winning players.
The competition will be decided in
July. a board OF army officers viii
be selected 10 review the players
and make the award. The $500
viii be distributed as the players
decide. but il is probable that the
fund will be- used TO purchase a
pennant emblematc OF the honor.
The military training plans for
bali players has spread 10 other
leagues The Milwaukee and In
diauapoHs clubs are among the
American association teams that
have taken up the movement. Drill
sergeants viii be taken 10 the
spring training camps 10 instruct
the players.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
GRADUATE WILL COACH
T.. c. Huntington Will Instruct Col
gate Football Men.

HAMILTON. y. Y, March 7.-E.
c. Huntington, jr., Colgate, IA, who,
in the fall of 1915, was chosen by
expert judges of football as quarter
back on the all-American eleven.
has been named to succeed Larry
Bankhart as head coach OF the Col
gate football team for next year, it
was announced Tuesday night. W.
7. Englehorn, a Dartmouth gradu-
ate. who in 1909 was selected by
Walter Camp for all-American
tackle, will be line coach.
Huntington has acted as assistant
coach under Bankhart for the last
two seasons. Engelhorn coached
the Case school eleven last year.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
BANKER is MADE HEAD
OF ST. LOUIS NATIONALS
Ben G.. BrinLman Is Elected Presi-
dent in Reorganization of
Ball Club.

ST. LOUIS, Mo, March Ben
G. Brinkman, vice president of
bank, Tuesday was elected president
of the St. Louis Nationals.
His election is part of the reOr-
ganization plan fostered by J. c.
Jones. who has paid Mrs Helen
Britton, principal owner Of the club,
$4,000 as earnest money of his in
tention 10 organize a syndicate to
buy the club for $3.50, ZOO.
]. c. Reid was elected vice presi-
dent Tuesday, and w. c. Anderson,
secretary.
The board of directors will con-
sist of the three officers and also J.
c. Jones, and Leon Hooker, attorney
for Mrs. BrittOn.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
EARLY CLOSING EVENTS
FOR POUGHKEEPSIE MEET
-Four Trots and Four PAGES OfTer
Total Purses of
S21, 1000.

POUGHKEEPSIE. n. Y. March
Eight early closing events with
purses amounting to $1,000. were
announced Tuesday by the Hudson
River Driving Park association for
the Poughkeepsie grand circuit
meeting the week of Aug. q. The
trotting events are.
The KniCkerboCker 2:07 class,
purse $1,000: the POughkeepsie 2:11
class. purse $4,000; the Guy AK
worthy for three-year-Old eligible
TO 2:17 class. $4,000: the Vassar, for
two-vear-old $4,000; and the Hud-
son Valley 2.17 class. $4,000.
The early closing pacing events
are. The Directum I. 2;O5 class,
purse $4,000. the Dutchess 2:11
class, So. goo: and the Nelson House
e.t5 class, $4,000. Entries close
April 2S.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
HAWLEY MAY TAKE JOB
Former Iowa Coach Suggested for
Dartmouth Position.
Mimi, March

ST. PAUL, Mimi, March T.
Jesse Hawley. former football coach
at Iowa, has been recommended for
the position of gridiron coach at
Dartmouth. his alma mater, by the
Middle West Alumni association OF
the Hanover college. it was learned
here Tuesday. Hawley was star
in the game in which Dartmouth
defeated Yale in 1908 and lately
coached at Andover. He resigned
at Iowa last year 10 devote his time
to his Chicago banking interests.
The place at Dartmouth is vacant
through the resignation OF Frank
Cavanaugh.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
WILSON TO QUIT GAME
Card Outfielder Traded to Saints
Decides to Retire.

ST. PAUL, Mimi, March T.
John Wilson, the outfielder traded
to St Paul by the St. Louis Ma
tional league club for Walter
Cruise, has decided 10 quit the game
and will not report TO the local
club, according to a letter received
from him Tuesday by William Mac
Micking, secretary of the St. Paul
association team Wilson plans to
spend his time on his ranch ar
South Austin, Texas IL is said that
st. Paul will receive another player
from St Louis
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
TWO CANES FAIL
To CHANGE ORDER
Sophomore Girls Beat Fresh
men q to 2, and Juniors
TrOunCe Seniors, 22-6.

No changes occurred in the stand
ing of the high school girls basket
ball league yesterday afternoon,
when the sOphomores defeated the
freshmen, to ,, and the juniors
trounced the seniors, p TO 6.
The sophomore freshmen game
was one of the hardest fought con-
tests played in the league this sea-
son. At the end of the first half the
score was a tie at two all. During
the second half the second year team
added two points to its total and
succeeded in holding it's opponents
scOreless.
r. Carlson was the bright light of
the sophomore crew. She was re-
sponsible for the entire sophomore
score. which was the result of four
free throws. A. Probst was respon-
sible for the freshies' points. which
were obtained by the rigger route.
The senior-juniOr fray was an un-
interesting affair. Soon after the
first whistle the third year team
jumped into the lead and was never
passed. d. Campbell. with six
baskets and three free throws, was
the chief point getter for the senior
outfit, while b. Grunwald, with three
markers TO her credit, was the star
for the junior outfit.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
GIRLS TEAMS TO PLAY
IT. Joseph school Five To Meet Elk
hart High.

The girls basketball team of the
ST. Joseph school will play the girls
team OF the Elkhart high school
Wednesday evening at Elkhart.
Both the teams have been prepar-
ing for the game for some u.ce and
FL is expected 10 be a close contest
4 large crowd OF rooters viii &C
company the local team 10 Elkhart.
The members of the local team who
viii make the trip are L. Brennan,
III. Scheibelhut. forwards, +. Hart
ford and NJ Reynolds guards and
r. Probst. center The team wii
make the trip IN machines.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
standings,
WILL PLAY FINALS.

The finals in the High School
Inter-class Basketball league are
booked for the high school gymnas-
ium at 3 o'clock this afternoon The
Seniors and Juniors who are tied
for the top position will battle for
the championship Of the league in
the big game Of the afternoon.
The Sophomores and Freshmen
we're scheduled 70 meet in a pre-
liminary 10 the championship con-
test.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
HALL GAINS GOOD LEAD
Beats Ledyard Blake i'm Play for
Amateur Billiard Title.

BOSTON. March Nathan Hall
of this city gained a commanding
lead in the national amateur billiard
championship tournament at 1S.2
balk line Tuesday at the expense Of
the title aspirations OF Ledyard
Blake OF san Diego. Calf The To-
cal player. a newcomer 20 cham
pionship play in class a. ran out
the required 400 points in 30 in
nings while Blake scored 276.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
GALLIA is MARRIED
Washington Pitcher Takes Bride at
Refugio. Texas.

BEEVILLE, Tex, March Mel
win Gallia. member Of the Washing
ton American league baseball team S
pitching staff, was married last Sat
urday at RefUgio, Tex, il became
known here Tuesday. His bride
was Miss Ethel Hargrove of Woods
boro, Tex Mr.. and Mrs. Gallia left
Immediately for Washington, where
Gallia will join his team.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
DARCY MAY GET BATTLE
He and Dillon VIII be Paid 1000
Round
international News Service

DENVER, Colo, March Tt
looked today as if Les Darcy may
fight after all. Darcy and Jack Dill
Ion have accepted terms at the rate
of $1,000 per round for a 20-round
bout at Denver within 60 days. The
battle is TO be staged in the Denver
stock yards stadium under the aus
pices OF the National A. c.. backed
by a group of business men.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
BABE ADAMS SIGNS.

ST JOSEPH, Mo. March -
Charles Babe Adams. formerly
pitching star for the Pittsburgh Ma
tioual league team. has signed a
contract with the ST. Joseph Vest
ern league team. il was announced
here Tuesday.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

MADISON. Wis. March Uni
tersity of wisconsin basketball team
defeated Indiana university five an
western conference game here Tues
day night by a score OF % TO "a.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
DEFEAT REPEAL.

ST. PAUL Mimi March Sen.
Sagen S bill which would have re-
pealed 1he law permitting boxing in
Minnesota. was defeated In the state
senate Tuesday after a brief debate.
by a vote OF 8 3 nays 20 81 ayes.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

Baskets-D. Campbell, Z, r. Grun-
valid. g; +. Forsland, /; y. Brandon.
/. Free throws-D. Campbell, 8 +.
FOrsland. 1.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
OnIY One .RROMO OTININE,,

To get the genuine. call FOR full
name LAXATIVE RROMO QUIN-
me. Look for signature OF +. W
CIR We. Cures a Cold in one Day.
: sc. Adv.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

Spink-Jones told me today that
he isn't drinkinZ any more
Spank don't see SOW he could.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
FIGHT RESULTS.

International News Service
ST. LOUIS. - Battling Levinsky
beat Jack Moran in y rounds.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

ALBANY, y. y Pete Herman
beat Jabez White in 10 rounds
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
MOTRE DAME MEN
START OUTDOORS
Football and Baseball Teams
Go Outside for First PraC-
tiCe of Season.

Jesse Harper and Knute Rockne,
directors OF Notre Dame athletic
destiny. felt the call Of spring yes
terday and the result was that base
ball and football men we're ordered
out onto the campuses near the
gymnasium and sent through pep
perry workouts on the near-green
sward. The gymnasium was nearly
deserted, save for a few interhall
athletes working out in preparation
for the coming meets. and man.
fans watched the out of-doOr activi-
ties.
Nearly 40 candidates reported for
the first spring football practice.
The number included practically al
of the members of last falls fresh
man squad, several veterans and a
few new men. Assisted by capt
Phelan of the 1917 team. Bachmau
and Miller. Coach Rcckne first put
the men through the early rudi-
ments of blocking and line play,
then formed two elevens and sent
the men through signal drill.
Rockne took charge of one team,
while Capt Phelan bossed the 9TH
er. The work was unusually good
for so early in the spring practice
season.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

International News Service
NEW YORK - Johnny Dundee
beat Jimmy Duffy in 10 rounds.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

Grocery stores and Meat Markets
close at j. N. except Saturday
nights.
:. b. GRO. * BUTCHERS Assn.
INC. tAdv.D Delmar +. Baer. Secy.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07

sulphur Baths rOr Rheumatism. II. 2ss4.
-AdVt
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1917-03-07
Local Boy Out.

Local Boy Out.
Among the new men 10 report
yesterday was Allen. a South Bend
boy and former Wabash football,
baseball and basketball star Allen
entered Notre Dame last September
after two years on Wabash varsity
teams. He was ineligible to com
pete in varsity athletics this year,
but ne will be able to play next sea
son. Allen was used as quarterback
on one of the team during the sig
nal drill.
The baseball men apparently en-
joyed the outdoor work yesterday.
The scene resembled a major league
training camp. The majority of the
men wore sweaters to prevent them
from taking cold. but all had plenty
of early season pep
The greater part of the afternoon
was given over to batting practice;
and this, by the way, is the first
season in several years when bat
ting practice has been begun out Of
doors The pitchers simply lobbed
the ball across and the batter took
more pains with getting their
eyes" than with smuggling the ball.
The outfielders were given a busy
chasing flies and ground
balls.
Coach Harper is hoping that the
present good weather may continue
in order that the men will get plenty
of work before the schedule opens.
The squad had a later start this year
than last, baseball practices indoors
starting only a week ago.
Take Rest.
The relay men are being given a
rest, as they will not be
entered in any meet next Saturday
night and will not appear in any
more indoor competition this season.
Some of the track men dOnned
heavy "hannels" yesterday, how
ever. and took long cross-country
joys.
The first preliminary interhall
meet will be run off in the gymnas-
ium next Sunday afternoon. Brown
son. Walsh and st. Joe competing.
The next preliminary will be held
a week from Thursday. Corby, Sorin
and the day students battling for
honors. The winners of the first
four places in each of the events
in the preliminary meets will be
eligible for the final meet, which
will be held two weeks from Sun
day.
Coach Harper probably will an
nounce the list Of basketball mono
gram men today. The team pecture
will be taken Thursday morning and
a captain for next year viii un-
doubtly be chosen this week.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1917-08-23
Same Old Lectures,

On certain occasion Professor
Brander Matthews of Columbia uni
versity, speaking jokingly of his age,
said he trusted that he was not so
old that the students could play on
him the trick he once saw tried on a
senior professor in his own college
days.
Professor Blank" he said, twas our
most venerable instructor, and he
could be just little irritable ut times.
Once, noticing that a member of his
class who sat right under his eye
never took any notes or paid the
slightest attention to his lectures, he
stopped abruptly and demanded:
"'See here, young man, what do you
mean by coming into my classroom
day after day and never taking notesY
81 have my fathers, was the stu
dents complacent reply. Youth
Companion.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1917-08-23
The Pollteat Man.

Vice President Marshall declares
that the politest man lives ia Newark
Onto. Mr.. Marshall made campaign
speech there last fall When he was
about half through. II man made his
way quietly from the rear Of the room
up to the edge Of the platform, wait
ed until Mr. Marshall paused TO Swal-
low, at the end of the paragraph. and
then offered to shake hands with the
vice president
I'm sorry, but I'll have to bid you
good night" the man said. ave got
TO 90 home now."-F. c. Kelly, in Col
Hers Weekly.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1917-08-23

What Allied Smith.

A plainly dressed man, who intro
duced himself as Mr.. John Smith,
walked into DOCTORS Office in a Texas
town, and having explained his symp-
toms, asked the doctor how long II
would take to cure him. The doctor,
who had treated the visitor with every
possible courtesy, replied:
You will require careful treatment
under my personal supervision for
about two months before you are able
to resume your iabors In the bank
Doctor, you are fooling yourself.
am not Smith the banker, but Smith,
the street car driver"
rs that 50? Wen. my good fell
low, ! don't see what you came to see
me for"
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1917-08-23
w. N. u, MILWAUKEE, NO. 34--1e17.
One-Sided RECOGNITION.

They passed on the street without
speaking, but their eyes had mutual
recognition and challenge. She was
accompanied by female friend, and
he had male companion. When they
had passed the girl said:
THAT was poor Jack Jurgens. He
didn't speak, but you noticed his look,
didn't you? Poor boy 1t hurts me to
think how he has never got over my
refusal to marry him. OF course he
was all broken up at the time, but l
thought he would soon get over it.
He's thinner, isn't he? l do hope that
he hasn't plunged into dissipation. He
couldn't trust himself to speak, could
he? Oh, dear!"
And the man was saying:
Did you see how that dame gave
me the eye? l suppose l should have
spoken to her, because | can't help
thinking I've met her somewhere-her
face is familiar, but | can't place her"
Cleveland Plain Dealer.