davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-05
WHY YOU SHOULD
SEEK EDUCATION IN
CHRISTIAN COLLEGES
by w. \. HARPER, LID,
President Zion College, N. q.

l. Because it is the best type of
college in aim and output
There are three types OF college in
the realm of higher education at
work in the United States. In the first
are the privately endowed institu-
tions Their aim is scholarship and
general culture We need scholars
and persons of culture in our society.
But unfortunately scholarship and
character are not equivalent terms
Unfortunately, also, culture and knav-
cry have not always been mutually
exclusive, to say nothing OF the "cul-
ture" so often resulting from such
schools. a from the -outside-in veneer
ed acquisition that sounds bad and
sometimes acts worse than 1t sounds.
making girls expert in playing
bridge" but veritabie ignoramuses
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-08-05

Continued on Page Thirteen.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
KEEP UP L4goR STANDARD
Warning European Countries Reed y
nize Danger in Relaxation Of
Employment Rules.

Labor standards of the warning Eu-
ropean countries, which were relaxed
at the beginning of hostilities when
mobilization made necessary the re-
cruiting of women and children for
work usually performed by men, are
being restored in most countries and
strengthened in others, according to
information compiled by the children's
bureau of the department of labor.
Experience proved that the relax
ing of standards failed of it's purpose"
says the report. Definite steps were
taken by the governments to restore
the provisions of the labor law, be-
cause they were found to be essential
not only to the conservation of the
available workers, but to the quantity
and quality of their output"
Increase in the number of women
'ssad ssPs2ad al il7e,s workers, 'eas1ing the
report, has made more widespread and
serious the effects Of relaxing employ
ment standards. In France Germany
and Italy there has been great IN
crease of home work on government
contracts, with its customary evils Of
long hours and low wages"
'The point which stands out unmis-
takably from the foreign experience"
the report continues, "is the general
realization that the labor standards
achieved in times Of peace are none
too high to promote the efficiency of
work, the intensity of output and the
general level of health which are abb
solutely essential to the nations well
fare in war time"
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
shipyards Speeding Deliveries.

American shipyards whose cOnstruc-
ton was Communicated by the gov
ernment completed in one week 10000
tons of merchant shipping. The ship
ping board announced that this
brought their total output since the
communicating order was issued, Au-
gust 4, up to % vessels of $4,000 tons
capacity.
With speeding-up processes under
way tonnage soon will begin to come
from the yards at a much faster rate
than that, shipping board officials pre-
dicted.
The first ship of the governments
great fleet Of nearly 1000 vessels for
which contracts have been let was
completed in the Skinner & Eddy
plant at Seattle November "a. 1t is
of steel, of $500 tons capacity and a
designed speed Of II knots. The first
of the wooden ships, was launched
about December 3.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
British ShipbulIders Worried.

The North Of England Steamship as
sociation is anxious about the present
and future shipbuilding position Of
Great Britain, and has adopted reso-
luton expressing deep concern over
the fact that large orders have been
placed with British shipbuilders by
neutral owners at f25 per ton for de-
livery after the war. This was regard
ed as serious menace to the mari
time supremacy Of the country. The
amounts recovered for vessels lost
could not possibly be sufficient to re-
place tonnage at anything like such a
figure and the association called on
the government to take such steps as
would enable British owners to rehabil-
itate the British mercantile marine.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
where TO place
PARTIALLY UNFIT
Problem of Rejected Workers Is
Becoming Of Vast In
DOrtanCe.
means AN ECONOMIC Loss
Development of the War Has Slim.
uIated Consideration as to What
Is the Duty of the State IN
der the Circumstances.
BY WILLIAM L. CHENERY.

BY WILLIAM L. CHENERY.
During recent years many industries
have begun to require applicants for
work to pass physical examinations.
Lie Eencrt Of theee Ing .physj7
clans decides the applicants chance
for q job. In some cases it also de-
termines the kind of task to which
he Is assigned.
The army and navy have tradition
ally maintained the same system. EN-
ployers adopted it partly as result
Of the workmen's compensation acts.
SO long as they were compelled to
insure against accidents, they felt that
they should at least have healthy en-
ployees. The healthy worker was also
naturally regarded as more efficient.
Organized labor at times has been op-
posed to these examinations, but with
out success. The tendency has still
spread. Nearly every important argu-
ment does favor the system.
The plight of the men rejected
caused labor to protest. For time
no other group In the state seemed to
be interested. Plainly individual bust
ness concerns had no responsibility
for the men they declined to employ.
Consequently they were forced to drift
to the industries not surrounded by
fences of medical examinations That
however, was no solution of very
real problem.
One Chicago firm, for example, last
year examined upward of 1900 ap-
plicants. 1t rejected only 80 per cent
on account of physical disqualified
tions. Yet that small fraction meant
SIT men and women. Those familiar
with industrial examinations estimate
that several thousand workers are re-
fused employment in Chicago alone
every year because of health disabil-
tiles. In the aggregate the number is
very large. A veritable army of the
partially unfit are finding work hard
er to obtain.
In most cases the rejected work
ers lack the money, the time and the
necessary information to correct their.
own troubles. The problem which
they present is nobody's business. The
state ought of course to look after
them, but at the present time both
the machinery and the public opinion
needed to support such an activity
are wanting. We are not yet ready to
take on this responsibility.
Great stimulation has been given
this recovery of the industrially dis
abled by the development Of the war.
Labor is Of course scarce, but more
than that the plans for rehabilitating
the victims Of war have given impetus
to the rehabilitation of the victims Of
peace. In time this work ought to
be taken over by the city, county or
state. After all the public has finally
10 pay directly and indirectly for the
economic losses of industrial unfit
ness. On the crude basis of dollars
the evil cannot indefinitely be ignored.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22


( tIce to the wor1u unuI Irvm tneu
we will be prepared to defend our
selves promptly and efficiently, and
this will do more to keep us out Of
war in the future than anything else
we could do"
"Do you think, BROTHER" said Mrs.
Graham, "that there will ever be an
other war;"
IT have no doubt about it." said
Uncle Dan. $50 long as men are
selfish, so long as nations are ambi-
tious to acquire territory, so long as
population presses and demands more
room, SO long as there remains
scramble for world trade-so long wars
will be. When the time comes that
we reach the high plane for which we
hope and dream, when all will recog-
nize the fatherhood of God and the
brotherhood Of man, then, and then
only, will wars cease. When that day
comes doors will need no locks, banks
will need no vaults to protect their
treasures, but that day Is long way
off.
"The only safe and sane plan Is to
be able to defend ourselves at all
times. Therefore, every citizen should
insist that senators and congressman
shall provide for universal military
training, so that never again shall the
country be caught so completely un-
ready as this war found us. For
tunately, in this case, our enemy has
been held back, so we have had few
months in which to prepare. This ad-
vantage probably will never come
again. 1t is however our salvation
today.
Because she was ready, Switzerland
is an island of peace In sea of
war. Safety first is good, but safety
always is better. In strength there is
safety. You never saw a tin can
tied to the tail Of a bulldog. There
is reason.",
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22

War Labor and Efficiency.

The ordnance department Of the
army has issued strict rules for the
employment of labor on war contracts.
Arsenal commanders and manufacture
ers are warned that long hours and
unsafe conditions do not make for eff
cheney. ST.,
The working day should be no long,
er than ten hours. The order says the
trend in the industrial world is to-.
ward eight hours. Overtime, even at
slime and half" is discouraged.
An eight-hour shift, Saturday
half-holiday In summer and, perhaps,
throughout the year, observance of
legal holidays and one day of rest in
seven are urged, as well as fire and
sanitary protection, good heat, light
and ventilation.
The wage standard of the locality
should not be lowered and should be
fixed with regard to the cost Of living,
says the memorandum.
A section is devoted to the welfare
of women. Eight hours, no night
shifts, four and half-hour working
periods, Saturday half-holidays and
seats with backs are recommended.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
WE MUST NOT EXPLOIT
WOMEN AND CHILDREN

Secretary of War Baker has
issued a warning against the
danger that, in the concentra-
tion of the nations energies
upon Industrial support of the
war, there will be such break
down in the laws to protect
woman and child labor, as will
cause disastrous LIBERALIZATION
of the nations strength.
"We cannot afford, when los
ing boys in France, to lose chill
dren at home," said Secretary
Baker. with the great drain
which we will suffer in France
because of the casualties of
war, we cannot afford a great
drain upon the nation here at
home, because of the devitaliza-
ton of our youth. There is a
possibility that we shall suffer
at home losses equally great as
those sustained by our armies
abroad"
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
Government Helps Workers.

Rear Admiral Francis T. Bowles, re-
tired, head Of the construction de-
partment Of the United States Emer-
gency Fleet Corporation, announced
at Baltimore that he had been author
ized to loan enough money to build
1900 houses for workmen Of the Spar
rows Point branch of the Bethlehem
Steel company. The problem Of hous-
ing nearly 1900 workmen anG their
families has been giving the Bait.
more city officials serious concern.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
WOMEN SUCCESSFULLY
TAKE PLACES OF MEN.

Invasion Of women in the in
dustries of the land was never
so vlvidly shown as In the city
of Warren, Pa, during the past
few weeks when the calling Of
over 300 young men to war ere
ated many vacancies In the
ranks Of labor. During the past
few weeks, since the young men
responded to the call to the
training camps, women have ap-
peared In several lines of en-
deavor into which they had pre-
viously never ventured. Lathes
are being manned" by the wom-
en- and girls and in this they ex-
Gel the men, their daily output
being, after a few weeks prac-
tice, above that Of the men
formerly employed. One man.
ager says: "The experiment is
a success and we will use many
women hereafter. Where dex-
terity Is required, the women ex-
Gel the men and only on the
heavier work are they unable to
compete on an equality with the
men,"
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
Flour Held In Warehouses.

Cincinnati, O.-That $1,000,O00
worth of flour is being held in the
warehouses of a certain railroad COM
pany upon which no taxes are being
paid was the startling declaration
made by Assistant Prosecuting Attor-
ney Louis H. Capelle in Insolvency
Court at the hearing before Judge
Kelley of the Injunction suit by the
Fred Pagels Co., warehouse owners,
to prevent the collection of taxes upon
several hundred thousand dollars
worth of goods said to be held in stor.
age by the company.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
Self-Sacrifice Urged.

"The greatest need Of our country
today in the prosecution of the war Is
the spirit of self-sacrifice for the COM
mon good" said Secretary of Labor
Wilson, chairman Of the presidents
mediation commission, at a luncheon
rendered him at San Francisco by a
business mems organization. Mr.. Will
son made plea for elimination of la
Dor controversies, particularly in those
industries necessary to prosecution of
the war.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
Army TO RecruIr mvcuan,cS.

Several thousand men with expert
ence as mechanics, machinists, black
smiths and storage battery experts are
needed for the motor section of the
ordnance department of the army. Ap-
plicants will be graded as first-class
sergeants after special course In the
handling of motor-driven vehicles,
tanks and field artillery at one of the
ordnance training camps.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
Shells Explode in Ammunition Plant.

Wilmington, Del.-Offcials of the
projectile-loading plant of the Bethle-
hem Steel Co., near Newcastle, where
1000 three-inch shrapnel shells ex-
ploded during fire, killing one man,
are not convinced that the origin Of
the fire was an accident. A statement
given out by P. @. Paris, Superintend-
ent of the plant said: Although I
have not yet completed my investiga-
tion as to the origin Of the fire, do
not see how it could have been acci-
dental"
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22
Postal Employees want Increase.

Uncle Sans postal employees-mail
carriers, clerks and others employed
in handling mail matter-are making
a nationwide appeal for increased pay.
-Four organizations are working to
the same end. The organizations are ::
The United National Association Of
Postofice Clerks, with $4,000 mem
bers; the National Federation Of Post
office Clerks, affiliated with the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor, with 10000
members; the National Association Of
Letter Carriers, with 10000 members,
and the Railway Postal Clerks asso-
citation, with $4,000 members.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22

Huntingdon.-Ca County went
"over the top" with the "Y" subscrip-
Aion in the army Y. M. G. A. campaign.
Her apportionment was $4,000. The
amount subscribed is $5,456,SS.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-12-22

The U. S. Bureau of Mines claims
that of 750,000,000 tons of coal mined
annually, 250,000,000 tons are wasted
in production.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-18
THE -BALLINC OF AN lDEA

probably wouldn't be more than two or
three that would survive. These ideas
could be thoroughly learnt, and the
students could have the satisfaction of
knowing that the two professors left
unanimously endorsed them. The alpha
bet and the law of gravitation, for ex-
ample, could be regarded as the ap-
proved wisdom of the ages.
Unfortunately, even at Columbia this
rule has never been rigidly enforced.
It is notorious that the Professor of
Structural Mechanics has often disc
greed with the rhyme schemes of an
English poet who lectured at the uni
versity lately, and one professor has
despite the whispered comments OF a
colleague, continued to preach the no.
torious dogmas Of free verse. One
economist has preached free trade, al
though the head of the French depart
ment is by no means committed to this
Lhoiuiouo propaganda IL Has hepI TIE
university in a ferment! not a day
passes but some argument arises be-
tween at least two of the seven hundred
professors of the institution, and even
the students hold meetings at which
there are two sides to discussion.
Perhaps it is President Buffers in
tention to bring an oyster-like peace
over Columbia. Students and professors
have enough to do without continually
having their errors pointed out. Neat
sterilized ideas, Of offence to nobody,
will bring sleep TO the overweight stu
dents, continually diminish the num-
Der of courses offered, and will, ii
the rule be rigidly enforced, empty the
University Library Of everything but
the telephone book.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-18
There Is More Than Local Incident in Columbia
Refusal TO Hear 7olstoy. Reduced to Lovest
Terms, the Outcome Is University Library
Beref of All but the Telephone Book

Portable sense of righteousness which
comes from having ideas that are too
good for an hour or two. 1t sometimes
spoils whole afternoon being continu-
ally contradicted and having ones
cherished notions knocked all to pieces.
It's hard to keep ones temper in de
mocracy, and freedom of speech is
good deal Of a nervous strain.
Equip a university with black-ball
rule such as is operative at Columbia
and you preserve tranquil spot for
recreation and repose. If man gets
tired hearing all his favorite notions
brutally handled by people who have
lost all sense of reverence, all he will
have to do will be to become a professor
in a university and keep his eye open
for infringments. If he is professor
of anthropology, he may object to talks
on birth control, because after deep
study he has come to believe in the per
petuation of the human race. He may
have passion for Nietzsche, and think
all other PHILOSOPHERS refined forms of
foolishness. A disappearing frown, and
his colleague who worships the wishy-
washy notions of Plato would have to
resigns his opinions or his job.
Not only would this be an admirable
arrangement for the professors, but il
would improve the lot of the student
incredibly. 1t would reduce the number
of ideas taught in university; there
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-18

THERE was great Indignation
among the students and faculty
of Columbia University last
week at the suppression of Count Toll
stoy, who had come to lecture on his
fathers ideals. The reason assigned by
the authorities was that a head of de-
partment could at any time prohibit any
speaker from appearing on the campus.
A professor of Slavonic languages had
objected to Tolstoy. The novels of Toll
stoy, ST., are studied in the freshman
English courses of the university, and
his theories are discussed in the adj
vanced philosophy classes. But to have
lecture by close relative of the dis
tinguished Russian at this time would.
the professor Of Slavonic languages
felt, so upset the nerves Of the Columbia
undergraduate that the whole future of
the country would be imperilled.
A good many callow people may sym
pathize with the Columbia students
who felt that one mans veto should not
bar a person or an idea from a great
university. They may think, with the
undisciplined radicalism of youth, that
place where young men are trained TO
think is a good place for the thrashing
out of new ideas. It might indeed occur
to few of them that most universities
would have to shut down altogether if
the doctrines taught could be black
balIed by single veto.
There probably isn't a philosopher,
living or dead, who could get the vote of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-18
Coughing Should BE Done in tn.
Privacy of the Home

There are coughs and coughs. There
are those which indicate that the audi.
ence is uneasy and shifting and unin.
.erested. And there are those which
are nothing short of, to speak legally,
torts. This audience was not uneasy.
1t was right up on its toes every min.
ute, and the only thing that came be.
tween it and a perfect circuit was the
bronchial trouble Of the person on the
left. Presumably he knew that he had
that trouble when he left home, and it
wouldn't have been difficult for him 70
have disposed of his ticket at the box
office when he discovered just how much
Of habit it was getting to be with him.
"WhO killed Spencer Lee%
The question was being put to the
spirit, and every one was straining to
hear it's response. This was the busl.
ness mans big chance, and ne coughed
with all his heart and soul.
am not an impetuous man, but 70:
a very small sum would have risen
from my couch, called Lights, please
and advanced to the front Of the stage.
Once there | would have spoken in par!
as follows:
Ladies and Gentlemen: We have
with us tonight a person who is, by this
time, known to all of us. He has given
up a warm bath and hot lemonade to
be here tonight, and | think that the
least we can do to show our apprecla-
alton would be to send him to some
high, dry climate, where he can live ina
tent. To this end l will hereby start the
fund with one dollar"
didn't really do this. 1t would prac'
tically have wrecked the performance
and they probably wouldn't have turner
the lights on for me, anyway. SO / JUST
lay there and suffered.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-18

ed in the wings for my cue "a punch in
the back from the stage manager), sud
denly all the lights went out. Not most
of the lights, or all but one light, but all
the lights, so that it was so black that
| couldn't hear myself think. The
seance was beginning. And l got my
cue to go on.
Crouching about three times as low
as / needed to, made my way through
the hole in the side of the fireplace and
reached out for the andiron. 1t was
gone. reached in a little further and
swung my arm gently from left to right,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-18

and. not satisfied with that, from right
to left. realized what poor showing
| would make if by any chance the lights
were suddenly to go on, standing as !
was in the most conspicuous part of the
stage, gently swaying my arms like SO
many swimming Santa Clauses in the
middle of the fireplace, trying to locate
the andiron. There would probably be
cries of There's the murderer from
the audience. Some one might even try
to shoot at me. And even at best, it
would be out of keeping with the rest
of the scene, for every one else on the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-18

stretch my leg out toward the rug nr.
ing my rehearsal the rug was not na.
than two feet from the hearth. In g.
dark it was nowhere to be found IT.
same fresh person who had shifted ~
andiron had played me false again pns
| was not to be trifled with now. At,..
stretching my leg as far as | decer,l
could and still go about my bushes, A.
next day, | gave the rug up, and with =
agile spring stepped lightly on the has.
floor and with one bound landed on ths
couch. Several things cracked in ~
wake as | made the leap. but tbas.
things must be done quickly or NOT 81
all, and red-blooded man can't mind
what cracks in his wake.
SO there / was on the couch, and a,
the other side were thirteen people hold.
ing hands, trying to get in touch with
dead man. AS soon as | got my breath
it was very impressive situation.
Madame La Grange was MOANING
Everywhere else was deathly quiet,
Then somewhere in the audience, about
H Left, / should say, some one coughed.
| couldn't see him, but knew he was A
fat man with red neck and business
mans mustache. While | was getting
this mental picture of him he coughed
again, rasping, unrestrained cough,
which said as clearly as he could have
said in words: "This show is all RICH.
in it's way, but you ought to hear me
cough when I'm in good FORM"