davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23
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Glover Leafhopper-a, Adult; b,
Nymph, Side View; c, Nymph, Dor
sal View; d, Face; e, EIytron.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

.l. .4a-A
southern states 1t could hardly be said
to hibernate; instead, the adults mere
ly keep in hiding and under cover dur
ing cold weather, coming out on warm
days to bask in the sun and feed upon
such green foliage as can be found.
In Missouri, for example, the adult in
sects have been observed feeding upon
wheat during January and February,
but not In any abundance. Nymphs
cannot long survive cold weather, and
1t is not probable that eggs survive
over winter. In the extreme South
west, where conditions are radically
different, the leafhopper is active
throughout the entire year.
The adults are quick of movement
and Jump from plant to plant when
disturbed. When strong winds pre-
vail they remain in hiding, as they
seem to dislike windy weather. Their
most characteristic habit is that Of
congregating In great numbers on one
plant, frequently to such an extent
that they crowd one another. This is
what causes the concentrated attacks
In spots" throughout a field. The
clover leafhopper does not seem to
seek shady or damp places, rather pre-
ferring the heat of the midday sun.
Nymphs Not Active.
The nymphs are much less active
than the adults and are not easily dis
turbed. When one brushes against
the plants they cling fast to the stems
and leaves instead of Jumping to an
other plant.
For direct control the hopperdozer
is recommended. Any form of this de-
vice that is suitable for grasshoppers
will do for the clover leafhopper as
well, but much lighter and less ex-
pensive one can be made for the small
er insects by stretching canvas over a
wooden frame. This can be made of
such light weight that It will not in
iure the. alfalfa and clover plant when
it Is pulled over field. Two horses.
one hitched at either end, are used
for drawing 1t. On the inside of the
canvas thin coat of sticky sub
stance made of tree tanglefoot which
has been thinned with cheap castor oil
is spread with paddle or single. As
the leafhoppers and other insects
dlieht on the surface Vt this substance
they are held fast. Such substances
as cheap sorghum have been tried In
place of tree tanglefoot. The sorghum,
however, dries out too quickly and fire.
auent applications Of 1t have to be
made. It isabest to draw the hopper
tlozer through the fields when the crop
Is about half grown.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23
Pattens.

Americans find it more difficult than
the English to understand what Dick
ems means when he says In "Da-
vid Copperfeld:" women went
clicking along the pavement in pat
tens Pattens were an abbreviated
form of stills. The word is also
used by builders as the name of the
base of column or pillar, and so,
INTELLECTUALLY. the pattern is the sup
port used by q woman to keep her out
of the water and mud. From this
architectural use has come the second
airy application Of the word, meaning
an arrangement attached to the shoe,
so that the walker Is raised three or
four inches above the solid earth. II
the mud and water did not exceed that
depth, the shoes were thus kept fairly
dry. 1t appears that pattens were not
worn solely by the rich. but were luxu-
ries INDUCED in by the very poor. In
speaking of a person who was
not especially speedy, Ben Jonson uses
the comparison. "You make no more
haste now than beggar upon pat
tens" In the ballad Of farmers Old
Wife" occurs this startling expression
"She up with her pattens, atd beat
out their brains"
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23
HOSPITAL ALONG NEW LINES
New York Institution That viii BE
Devoted Exclusively to Cases
Calling for Diagnosis.

There Is soon to be established In
In this country, which will perform in
the highly specialized medicine of to-
day the function of the old family phi T.
sician Of so years ago, says the New
York Times. 1t will look over patient
suffering from an unidentified ailment,
and direct him to specialist If he can
afford it. If not. he will be sent back
to the general practitioner under whose
care he has been, with complete dag
nosis of his disease. plan for treating
1t suggested by competent specialists,
and references to recent literature on
the subject.
The officers of the New York dag
nostic society, which is planning the
new institution, are Dr. NJ Joseph Man
delbaum, president; DR.. De Witt Stet-
ton, first vice president; DIR. Otto Hen
sci, second vice president; DIR. julius
Auerbach, treasurer; DIR. Monroe
Kunstler. secretary. There are about
300 physicians and surgeons among the
associate members. About $1O0, 900 has
already been raised by the building
fund committee, of WHICH David
Frankel Is chairman, and only 1000
Is still required to complete the sum
needed for buildings and grounds.
which will be In a central part of Man
haitian. M
1t is hoped that the institution will
be self-supporting, and Doctor Mandel-
baum has worked out plan of INSTALL
ment payments which he thinks will
bring about the result. II know this
will appear startling" he said, ito
those who are not in the habit Of look
ing at these matters from the stand
point of dollars and cents. But this Is
a practical plan and therefore must be
considered from the most easily applied
financial basis This method of pay
ment will be especially for those who
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

suation it is best to use two layers
and break the joints In each direction.
A slush coat of cement plaster should
be put in between the two layers and
the outside. covered with cement plas-
ter. The doors should be tight-fitting
end well-insulated. The Ice bunker
should be placed in the upper part Of
the refrigerator and the air shafts
should be so constructed as to obtain
good circulation of air. The Illus
tration shows the proper method Of
Insulating refrigerator and also the
construction necessary to give the
proper circulation of air
The miIkroom should have some
sort of cooler for cooling the milk rap
idly to temperature below so degrees
Fahrenheit. AS the milk is put into
the cooler supply can 1t may be
strained through cotton outing flannel
or through absorbent cotton held be-
tween cheesecloths.
A separator SHOULD be installed also
fer Swimming surplus milk or to SUI
ply cream for the cream trade.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23
@H.A. RUTHE

TIC is impossible TO draw u plan of a
i dairy house that will meet the re-
qulrements of every individual case. In
order to design a plan properly. it Is
necessary TO know the size of the herd,
how the product is to be disposed of
whether as whole milk, cream, or
butter). the location of the barn. well,
etc. However, there are few general
principles that should be followed in
the building of any dairy house.
ocation.-Although the dairy house
should be near enough to the barn to
lbe convenient, 1t should not be directly
connected with the barn because Ii Is
then likely to be filed with stable
iodors which are absorbed by the milk
Tor cream. 1t Is well to leave an open
air space of six to ten feet between the
barn and the dairy house. Placing the
dairy house on the side of the barn
opposite the barnyard also lessons the
chance of stable odors being absorbed
by the milk. Proper drainage from
the dairy house is important and must
be considered when selecting the loca-
ton.
Construction.-The building material
may be drop siding, brick, or concrete,
depending upon the investment the
builder desires to make. The inside
walls should be smooth. Plastered
walls are preferable since board walls
have tendency to rot, especially close
to the floor. Rotting can be obviated
ITO a certain extent by plastering the
walls up to a height of about three
feet.
The building should be so partt-
toned that the milk room. wash room,
and boiler room are separate The
rooms should be well lighted by win
d0ws, and ventilation should be sup
piled by an opening placed in the CELL
ing of each room. Each ventIlator
should be fitted with some sort of
damper to regulate Its action.
A solid and impervious floor is es-
sential. A cement floor meets these
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

requirements very well A wooden
floor Is very unsatisfactory because it
is not durable, does not dry quickly,
collects filth, and when wet is slippery
and hard TO work on. The floors
should have a good slope leading to
drains fitted with proper traps.
Water SuppIy.-An abundance of
clean, cold, running water Is neces-
sary. If the location is such that wa
ter from municipal water system
cannot be supplied, 1t may be obtained
from an elevated tank or by means of
compressed air system.
Equpment.-The dairy house equip
ment depends largely upon the pur-
pose for which the house is to be used.
A boiler is the most convenient means
of furnishing steam and hot water for
washing and sterilizing cans and uten-
slls. An upright boiler of two to four
horse power will serve the purpose.
The Mushroom should contain a
sink having q drain board. The drain
board may be fitted with. steam and
water connections so that the cans and
pals can be rinsed and steamed after
they are washed. 1t is desirable to
have draining racks for cans and pals,
and closet In which to keep utensils.
Every dairy house should have Bah
cock milk testing outfit, which may be
either hand or steam driven. Further
equipment will depend upon which of
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

are wage earners. whereby If their ap-
plication for diagnostic services is APP
proved by their employers or others
equally responsible, a method of small
periodic payments will secure for them
the very best dlagnostic skill"
The need for such an institution was
first pointed out by DR.. Charles H.
Mayo in an address before the Catholic
Hospital association of Milwaukee.
Doctor Mayo expressed the opinion
that the one great present day need in
the direction of hospital advancement
was hospital devoted exclusively to
diagnosis.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

The Cover leafhopper does far more
damage than is usually realized. In a
publication of the United States de-
partment of agriculture Farmers Bull
lletin 1877 by Edmund FL. Gibson, It
Is stated that the loss from this cause
to the clover and alfalfa hay crops OF
the country is frequently attributed to
poor soil and climatic conditions. For
this the minute size of the pest, which
frequently enables 10 to escape obser-
walton. is largely responsible. As a
matter of fact, continued attacks by
the leafhopper, especially in some of
the central states. often result in the
loss of considerable percentage of
a single cutting. a t a.
Crowd Together.
1T is Characteristic of leafhoppers to
crowd together in great numbers, as
many as 900 having been counted
upon one plant. In feeding upon the
plant the Insects make tiny punctures.
Around these the tissue gradually be-
comes yellow, the spot enlarging and
becoming more pronounced until the
leaflets ultimately curl up and the fol-
iage willis. The female also forces
her eggs into the stem and leaf tissue,
frequently causing a gall-like forma-
ton. Alfalfa, clover, cowpeas and
vetch are among the principal plants
attacked, but the pest is common In
meadow and pasture lands and feeds
on a number Of cultivated as well as
native grasses throughout practically
the entire country.
The clover leafhopper is about one
eighth of an inch In length and half as
wide, and Is marked in manner to
distinguish 1t from many other kinds
of clover and alfalfa. The farmer will
distinguish leafhoppers from other in
sects by their habit of jumping, their
quick movements, and their minute
size. In certain respects they resem-
bic diminutlve grasshoppers.
Where II Spends Winter.
AS the clover leafhopper spends the
winter under clumps of grass. weeds
and trash, the burning of rubbish and
vegetation during. winter months In
waste places and along fence rows and
roadsides will do much to prevent the
pest attaining destructive numbers the
following year. This precaution will
destroy great number of other fhber-
mating insects as well as the leafhop-
pers.
During the growing season close
cutting or pasturfng of grass lands Is
recommended. Cutting alfalfa crops
from a week to ten days earlier than
usual will often check the ravages of
the insects and may be advisable when
there Is evidence that the leafhoppers
are causing sufficient injury to justify
the risk Of loss through premature
cutting.
Each year this leafhopper by less
ening the vitality of its food plants.
occasions more or less damage over
its entire range Of distribution, cnus-
Ing positive, although not easily
estimated, decrease In the clover and
alfalfa hay crops Of the country.
Continued attacks often result In the
loss of considerable percentage of q
single cutting; especially is this true
In some of the central states. The
leafhopper causes the greatest DAM
age during the spring and early sum-
mer months, as the foliage is then
most succulent and the tissues very
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

have numerous dark markings which
give them a notified appearance. They
are about one-eighth of an inch In
length and half rs wide.
The manner In which they jump
from plant to plant is much like that
Of grasshoppers.
The primary injury is produced by
the direct feeding of the leafhoppers.
The single tiny feeding puncture Is
itself inconsequential, and injury re-
suits only when a great number Of
leafhoppers attack the same plant,
The clover leafhopper is distributed
generally throughout the United
States, records showing It's occurrence
In every section of the country. It's
range also includes southern Canada
and Mexico. a
The number of generations Of the
leafhopper produced annually in CIV
en- locality varies from year to year,
depending on weather conditions, and
1t also varies In different ATTITUDES and
climates. For southern Missouri and
northern Arkansas there are usually
three distinct broods, covering APP
proximately III April and May. (2)
June and July, and (3) August and
September. Farther south or under
subtropical conditions 1t is probable
that there are four or more.
Merely Hide in South.
In the northern states the clover
leafhopper hibernates in the adult
stage, at the base of clumps of grass
and weeds and under dried leaves and
trash. Throughout the central and
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

tender, enabling even the immature
leafhoppers readily to pierce the skin
Of leaf, and stem and suck the juices.
The incessant drain from concentrated
attacks causes the clover plants to,
wither, and although they may. not
die, the new growth which Is put forth
is very apt to be thin and spindlfng.
With alfalfa 1t Is the first two crops
which appear to suffer most. The
drain upon alfalfa plants does not
show as markedly as. with clover, es-
pecially during drought, since the
alfalfa roots go deeper into the ground
and the plant is better able TO with
stand adverse conditions.
Known a. Flea
In many localities these leafhop-
pers are commonly known as 'fiies,"
but In reality they resemble files only
In having wings, and BECAUSE they
are about the size of many small flies
seen In the fields. The adult or pa
rent insects are light gray In color but
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23

the following purposes the dairy
house Is to serve, namely: ID selling
whole milk in bulk; (2) making butter
or selling cream; and (9 bottling
milk on the farm.
The illustrations shown are designed
for dairies with as many as twenty
five cows in the herd. For larger
herds it may be necessary to build a
dairy house having larger dimensions
than those submitted. If 1t is not In
tended to have the dairy house fitted
with boiler room and Mushroom.
ed by eliminating that part of the
building devoted to such rooms.
Dairy House for Selling Whole Milk
in Bulk.
The milkroom should contain a coil
cooler for cooling the milk as quickly
as possible after 1t is drawn. The milk
may then be put into eight or ten
gallon cans and set in the cooling
tank, or the preliminary cooling may
be omitted and the cans of warm milk
placed In the cooling tank. The cool
ing tank may be fitted with water con-
nectfons so that the milk can be kept
cold by running water, or the tank
may be insulated and fitted with lid
so that ice may be placed In the cool
ing water. The latter is not necessary
If there is good supply of cold water
which will keep the milk at temper
ature below so degrees Fahrenheit.
A hand-separator may be installed
In case of the necessity of skimming
surplus milk.
Dairy House for Selling Cream or
Making Butter.
Selling cream necessitates the use Of
a centrifugal separator and a cooling
tank or refrigerator. Making butter
requires the additional equipment of a
churn and q table upon which to print
and wrap the butter. The cooling tank
may be built Of size depending on
the amount of material to be kept
cool. The cream should be cooled d.
rectly after skimmlng and kept cool
until 1t Is delivered or ripened for
churning. as the case may be.
A gasoline engine may be installed
In the Mushroom to furnish power for
separating and churning. If such an
engine is used, the exhaust should be
piped through the roof of the building
in order to avoid the possibility of the
gasoline flavor being absorbed by the
cream
Dairy House for Bottiing Milk.
For bottling milk on the farm the
dairy house should be larger and con-
tain more equipment than is required
for the two aforementioned purposes.
A double-compartment sink Is convent
ent for washing and rinsing bottles.
There should be a sterilizer for steril-
izing all bottles before they are filed
This may be used also to sterilize the
milk pals, cooler and the bother. The
sterilizer may be constructed Of hollow
tile plastered with cement plaster, or
of heavy galvanized sheet iron rein
forced with angle iron. A drain
should be placed in the floor of the
sterilizer and ventilator with tight.
fitting damper in the ceiling. Shelves
may be arranged so that they will
hold the bottles In an inverted posi-.
tion, or, If casessof the proper kind
are used, the bottles can be put into
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23
PREVENT scAB OF POTATOES
Treatment with D;sInfectInu Solution
IL Recommended to Guard Against
FUNGUS Diseases.

TREATING seed potatoes with dlsin-
fecting solution to prevent scab and
other fungous diseases is but little trou-
Bile. and the expense Is small. An
hours time and half-dollar expended
for the purpose, will often add $25 to
$50 to the value Of the crop from an
acre Of potatoes
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1917-02-23
Altogether Different.

There are lots of smart people in
the world. but smartness Isn't alw9rs
intelligence. Smartness is something
a fellow may, have to show. Inteki-
gence is something everybody can sea
Baraboo weekly news. [volume] (Baraboo, Wis.) 1912-197?, 1917-11-15

and surmounted by a large wedding
bell Rev. Cooke of Reedsburg per-
formed the ceremony, using the ring
service. After receiving the congratu-
lations and best wishes of their friends
the bridal couple led the way to the
dining room, where two long tables
were spread with sumptuous and de-
licious repast. In partaking of the
good things set before them the guests
must have forgotten about the con-
servation of food About this time, a
company Of friends from the outside
rendered a musical CD number, which
continued until the pride and groom
stepped out upon the veranda and
greeted and treated the performers.
After an evening spent in social inter
course the guests departed, leaving be-
hind them a number Of beautiful gifts,
together with their best wishes for the
future prosperity and happiness of
the young couple. Mr. Shultis has
rented the Steele farm near Delton,
where they will reside.
Baraboo weekly news. [volume] (Baraboo, Wis.) 1912-197?, 1917-11-15
GERMANS ATTACK
CALLED MASSACRE

An appalling story Of cold-blooded
massacres by Germans of crews of
British North sea conveys in a recent
battle is told by the Norwegian news
papers.
The Tidenstegn said the German
cruisers were observed at 6 o'clock in
the morning and were thought to be
British vessels, but at o'clock, when
there was more light they suddenly
began shooting and the convoy was
terrified to see the British destroyer
at the stern Of the convoy begin to
sink, although it fought to the end.
The German cruisers, after signal
ing the vessels to stop, advanced on
each side Of the convoy, which they
swept with all their guns at range
of less than 200 yards.
Helped Spread Death
The German destroyers came up
and helped to spread death and de-
struction on the defenseless ships,
shells falling thick and fast. The
Germans were not content to sink the
ships, but shelled the lifeboats, and
everything coming their way was mer-
cilessly slaughtered. The survivors
owed their lives to the high sea which
was running, making the boats diff
ficult mark.
In the midst of the massacre an
other British destroyer came up and
Immediately attacked, but soon was
sunk in the unequal struggle. The
German f0tilIa then cruised backward
and forward among the sinking steam"
ers. pouring a fresh and terrible rain
of shells at a range of 100 yards.
Kills All Occupants
One shell went through the Swedish
ship Wirndar, exploding in the life
boat on the other side and killing all
it's occupants, fourteen men and three
women.
The other Iifeboat rowed back to
rescue the captain and two mattresses
from the wreck. A shell struck the
boat and killed five of it's occupants,
only the mate escaping by swimming.
The Wirndar was mass of flames
and the two girls jumped into the
sea.
The captain was saved by clinging
to wreckage. AS the two young wom-
en- were sinking, an English ship
hoieted the white flag. The answer
of the Germans was d shot which
killed both girls Twelve men Of an
other ship had just got into the life
boat when a shell killed them all.
Baraboo weekly news. [volume] (Baraboo, Wis.) 1912-197?, 1917-11-15
TRANSFERS IN
REAL ESTATE

Samuel Nixon to Geo w. Reynolds,
land in Delton; $1,000.
Herman Moerke to Karl SteinhOrst,
land in Excelsior, $1,4O0.
Charles F. Schultz to Jacob Jark,
land in Prairie du Sac; 81.
Nellie Scharnke to Sadie D. Green
ey, land in Ableman; 81.
Albert Good to Wencle Landsinger,
land in Woodland; $4,000
Robert Kutzbach to Carl A Muchow
land in Reedsburg; $4,000,
Henry Winke to Al0is Weiss, land
in Prairie du Sac; 81.
Chas. G. Becker to Henry G. Winke,
land in Prairie du Sac; $1,000.
Geo. F. Miner to Walter O. Schacht
land in Adams; 81.
Chas. E. Ringing to Henry Ring
ling, land in Baraboo; 81.
Mrs. Christina Haas to Joseph Weld
ner, land in Franklin; 81.
Jacob lark to Henry L. Schulz, land
in Prairie du Sac; 81.
Christ Riedel to Arthur w. Schlu-
ter, land in Ironton; $500.
Alma A. Stoddard to Mrs. Anna Doll
land in Prairie du Sac; $2,10O.
Amelia l.. Lohr to Edwin M. Doll,
Baraboo weekly news. [volume] (Baraboo, Wis.) 1912-197?, 1917-11-15
land in Baraboo; 81.

land in Baraboo; 81.
Mrs. Christina Koenig to Peter Zins,
land in Prairie du Sac; 81.
Henry Thieman to Arthur M. HUI
burt, land in Reedsburg; 81.
Leonard Bonhotel to Thomas Briggs,
land in La Vale; $4,000.
Henry Thies to w. T. Schroeder,
land in Westfeld, $4,000.
Engelbert Wiskocil to Henry Kess-
ler, land in Prairie du Sac; 81.
Edward Warren to w. P. Egerer,
land in Alderman; 81.
Henry L. Schulz to Edwin Brown,
land in Honey Creek; 81.
Elsie Rasmussen to Sam Holden,
land in Bear Greek; 81.
Daniel Rumpf to Cora Jane Harris,
land in Baraboo; 81.
VIM. S. Pierce to Robert S. Babing-
ton, land in Troy; 81.
Frank A. Manor to Louis A Donald,
land in Baraboo; 81.
Frank A. Manor to Frank L. Wilson,
land in Baraboo; 81.
Jos. F. Billings to Henry Bachknecht
land in Greenfield; 81.
J. H. Wolfenden to Robert Wool
ever, land in La Vale; 81.
Robert Woolever to J. H. Wolfenden,
land in Reedsburg; 81.
VIM. H Townsend to Frank F. Muel-
Ter, land in Reedsburg; 81.
Reedsburg Land & Improvement Co.
to VIM. Schuette, land in Reedsburg;
$1,700.
August Martiny to Jane Martiny,
land in Baraboo; 81.