davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-01-19
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Benzol is used in Europe extensive ly ..s a fuel for aut totnobiles. It is not greatly different from gasoline and IS recovered as by-product in the man.
 ufa. ure of coke. Should its use be- come prevalent here many motor ad- justments will be required; on the
 whole, it is not expected to meet with Widespread approval as its price is
 nearly as prohibitive as that of gaso-
 line today
 Alcohol Is advocated by many as the coming fuel material. II is said that great quantities can be obtained
 from sawdust: it can be easily i'm aglned that alcohol experts all over
 the country are busy launching plans
 TOT manufacturing this product.
 Future World Supply. Though the future looks blacs there is al present one foreign source
 of supply which looms large upon the horizon and may be a means of
 lengt henIng the life of the petroleum, l industry. This source lies in Mexico
 Ii IS generally conceded by geologIst+ and oil operators that the greates, oil tield of the world lies in the territorv north and south of Tampico It Is even predicted that this area will pro duce a quantity of oil in excess of tha. ito come henceforth from the forma tions of the United States. Certainly nothing but time wilP de determine this point. yet it is almost sure that these fields in Mexico will produce an enor- nous amount.
 The location of these lands with+1 few miles of the Panama Canal and within pro unity 10 North. South and Central American points. gives them a unique value: they will command all markets in the Western Hemis- phere. The location. experts say. is fortunate for the United States. for il will be to this source of supply that the country must turn in the not dis tant future.
 How Can We Conserve? Butt the main problem harassing the country at present is how to make the supply on hand last longer. Petrolennl experts have been trying to arouse the people to an understanding of t1'n fact that heretofore they have heer ruthless,v wasting fuel oils by the''
 heedlesrness of economic methods
 Burning crude oil for fuel without ex tracting all the valuable gasoline and
 lubricant oil content is a crime againsi posterity they say. And the time to begin saving the nations supply is l right now.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-01-19
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France is guarding against this by making her heroes presentable. Sev eral American surgeons are aiding in this wonderful work.
 ! The French method of training their invalid soldiers is chiefly a continua- tion of the study of symmetry of mind and body. It is study of the utmost importance at any time for every year dangerous trades take a heavy toll of maimed and mutIlated men. One of the studies is in muscu- lar movements. or, in other words, how to perform a given task with the least expenditure of motion and force. Another/is the training of men in the use sof artificial arms and legs so that those who have lost their right hand can do the same work with their left. Manual training schools have been established, and some of the wounded have already become self-supporting in the various trades. Men who have been "gassed" are slow in recovering, and even after they have erecovered arc most susceptible to bronchial trou- bles and can only perform light tasks. Next to the blind soldier the "gassed" man is the greatest problem
 Americans Aid The French.
 France too has thousands of blind soldiers, some of whom have head wounds as we'll. and this class will have to be taken care of by the State as their brain capacity has been so weakened that it is impossible for them to be re-educated. Special hos pitals for the blind have been opened and the men are learning to use type- writers as we'll as basket-making. Many of,these men are we'll educated and are anxious to do clerical work and it was found that they soon learn the use of special typewriters for the blind, which, of course, have raised letters Miss Winifred Holt. of New York City, who has done such splen- did work among the blind of that city is at the head of one of the French hospitals for the blind soldiers. who have been sent to Paris.
 Over in England the same work is being carried on, especially with the sightless. There the men frequently take their exercise in rowing boats under the guidance of their nurses
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-01-19

IL the European nations now
 at war soon realized that the
 conflict would be long and - = expensive one, besides there would be hundreds and hundreds of thousands of wounded soldiers whose productive power would be greatly diminished. In fact, unless something was done at once to teach the arm- less, the legless and the blind how to provide for themselves the burden of the Government in caring for them and their dependents would be a heavy one.
 How Germany Trains Her CrippIes.
 Germany was perhaps the first country to attempt the great work of rebuilding the shattered lives of her permanently disabled soldiers. To those who were crippled in the legs an electric treatment was prescribed and under 1t numbers of men who had been sent home as helpless as a child were able to walk once more While many recovered there were thousands who had lost their limbs entirely and had to be provided with artificial arms and legs. These men after being fitted up are sent to the home for special cripples. There a special course of training begins in which the instructor tries to awaken an ambition in the patient to become independent of his family and friends. There is enough exercise to keep him from breeding over his misfortunes in war, for there are military duties to be performed all during the day. In case the right arm is gone the man is taught to use his left. Washing and dressing by the aid of the left hand is drst learned. Next comes the cutting
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-01-19

their engine designs so that 1t Is now
 possible to use heavy oils with Gnso-
 line in a way which would have been impracticable a few years ago The
 refiners, taking advantage of the work of the automobile engineers have been able to increase the percentage of gas oline obtainable from given amount of crude oil.
 Refners are co-operating along an-
 other line to the same end, that is. to ! increase the amount of gasoline and at the same time keep the price down to a reasonable basis; this. through thes process known as cracking" kerosene and heavier oils. which con
 verts a portion of the crude oil. not l formerly utilized for that purpose, into
 gasoline Last year about five mil l lion barrels were produced by crack l ing processes alone This is all the | mere striking when it is considered that these five million barrels of gas oline were made from oils which in the past did not enter into the making of gasoline at all.
 | Recently. owing to the remarkable development of the easing head" gasoline industry production
 
 production of gasoline was added to the entire output of this commodity. This branch of the gasoline 'business'' l manufactures. or obtains, gasoline from natural gas. This produces very volatile liquid-too volatile to be used
 directly. It is mixed with oil just little lighter than kerosene but heavier than gasoline and when it is properly blended it can be used sat- | isfa ctorily in an automobile engine. Thus number of m cans have been
 resorted to. which include a satis- factory use of materials hitherto un- i thought of: if they were eliminated. | it would restrict the supply of gaso- line and automatically increase the price. The Bureau of Mines is anxious 1 that all these available methods be
 used to their greatest extent. and is attempting to prove that along his ! path lies the salvation of the gasoline | industry and the cheapness of price 1 for which the ultimate consumer" eternally prays.
 l But a. best, these are exnedients of | the imme mediate present and the im- | mediate future. What the far-sighted | scientist desires is a solution of the fuel oil problem for the generations
 to come. And as the petroleum sup
 ply is limited. comparatively speaking.
 substitutes for gasoline are being
 sought. Benzol is one of the substi- tutes mentioned: alcohol is another.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-01-19
How the Permanently Disabled Soldier of Europe Is Being Instructed In Such Professions and
 Trades As Befts His Condition.
Copyright 1917, by The International Syndicate.

 of his food and learning to handle his knife and fork at the table.
 When this has been acquired left hand writing Is taken up, and it Is remarkable how soon the men be- come accustomed to this. The most ever, begins in the workshops connect ed with the homes where the black smiths, tailors, joipers, basketmaker boOkbinders, etc, are afforded an op- portunity of plying their trades under the new conditions of artificial limbs. Those who all day long work there at the anvil or carpenters bench soon lose the feeling of invalids and fresh hopes for the future come into their lives. The ability acquired in a, very short time by patients having ampu- tated or paralyzed limbs is truly re- markable.
 Aside from the practical instruction there is gymnasium work to maintain the remaining parts of the body in good condition and to keep up the spirits of the invalids. Whenever it is possible the men are given their old trades. This is done by fastening 2 an iron handle on the artificial arm such as can hold tool. This instru- ment has worked so we'll that hum dreds of disabled soldiers are now working in German factories at fair wages; in many instances competing successfully with men in normal con- ditions of the body.
 Blind Soldiers The Problem.
 Of course. the greatest problem to all nations is that of the blind soldier. and there are thousands of these un- fortunate creatures in the war zone. German surgeons have used their best
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-01-19

efforts on the men blinded in battle and in some instances the sight has been restored. but these cases are rare and the greater part of the blind men will be sightless for the rest of their lives. They must be educated as chil- dren and are sent to hospitals for the blind where a course of training is given them, such as learning to read by raised letters. by touch, to tell the distance people are from them by sound. After they become adopts in this they are instructed in basket making and in weaving straw chess boards. Making brushes Is another trade in which they become expert. The trades which can be carried on by the blind are so limited that many of these men will have to be taken care of by their families or by tho Government.
 Belgian Machinery.
 The Belgians are practically making men over by machinery at Fort Billez, little town between Rouen and Paris. Some fifteen hundred wound ed Belgian soldiers who were disabled on the Yser are at this place being made over for some useful occupation. The Belgians have always been fam- ous for fine mechanical apparatus and here they have showed their genius in this line by the use of seven or eight new scientific instruments which measure precisely the efficiency of a wounded man.
 The use of these novel instruments is only one phase of the great work being done in the training of men for trades. Men who have lost a leg were at first taught trade in which little standing was required but later this was found to be a mistake and at present one legged men adapt themselves to standing at a printing case or working at a carpenters bench. Most of the one legged men, however prefer to work at tailoring or shoemaking. Usually a wounded soldier prefers some labor akin to that
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-01-19

sHLL the European nations now
 at war soon realized that the
 conflict would be long and - ovnoncivo ono hocidoo %haro
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24
KAISER TO VISIT BREST-
LlT0VSK PEACE CAUCUS

LONDON, December 24-Vienna na-
pers. according to a Reuter- dispatch
from Amsterdam. report the arrival
OF Count Czernin. Austro- Hungarja !,
foreign minister. and his stan at Brest-
Ltovsk Thursday. A dispatch to the
Exchange Telegraph from Copenhagen
says:
The Berliner Zeitung says Emperor
William has informed his government
that he contempiates going to Brest
Litovsk. If the diplomats arrive at an
agreement. in which case he will en-
deavor TO assemble all the sovereigns
and regents of Europe In peace con-
ference. as was done after the Ma
poleonic wars.
The emperor Is credited with hav-
ing declared that everybody wants
peace and the future offers so many
great tasks that all states must CO.
operate in them"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24
TO USE PRISON LABOR
ON THE WAR SUPPLIES
Purpose of Bill Introduced by Sena-
tor Hoke Smith and Representa-
tive Booher.

Employment of prison labor for the
production of war supplies is the pur-
pose of a bill introduced in Congress
by Senator Hoke Smith of Georgia and
Representative Booher of Missouri
What the national committee on pris-
ons and prison labor, which has been
in conference here with government de-
partments and the American Federation
of Labor. hopes to accomplish is told by
Adolph Lewisohn, in charge of the war
bureau of the committee in the Union
Trust building. He says:
Many proposals for utilizing prison
labor for war purposes have been made
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24

Christmas. They will return Wednes-
day to spend some time with Dr. and
Mrs. Whitridge. Commander Whiting
has just returned from the war zone.
Judge and Mrs. William Bailey Lamar.
who are spending the early winter at
the Georgian Terrace. Atlanta, have had
many hospitdiities planned in their
honor. Tomorrow evening Mr.. and Mrs.
Lewis Beck viii give "A dinner dance
for them at the Piedmont Driving Club.
They Will he the honor guests in Mr..
and Mrs. George j. Sexter's party at
the tea dance at the driving club on
Wednesday: Mrs f. W NcCerren will
entertain at dinner for them at the
Georgian Terrace on Saturday and they
Will be the guests in whose honor Mr.
and Mrs. Henry S Jackson viii enter
the Capital City Club,
Capt A. ]. .Drexel Biddle, T. s. NJ c,
who is on duty at Newport News. Va.
and Mrs, Biddle arrived at the Rltten-
house. Philadelphia, on Saturday and
VIII spend Christmas there.
Col and Mrs. John Temple Graves an
nounce the engagement of their daugh-
ter Iaurato, and Mr.. Frederick Tom
kins of New York and Tonkins Cove
1.-The Hudson. Mr. Tomkins is now
awaiting his commission in the avia-
ton service at Mount Clemens, Mich.
Miss Graves made her debut here two
winters ago.
Mr.. and Mrs Graves will come to
( Washington after Christmas. when they
Will be at the residence of Mr. and Mrs
J. NJ. Culp, 1865 q street
Mr.. John Barrett has returned from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24
7. Carl Jones, Aviator, Killed.

SHREVEPORT, La, December 24.-T
Carl Jones of Shreveport. an instructor
in the Aviation Corps, was killed in an
accident al the aviation field near Lake
Charles yesterday. y brief telegram
telling of the accident was resolved
here by his mother. but no details of
the accident were given. Jones en-
tered the aviation section of the Army
soon after the United States went into
the war ard served as instructor at
Memphis. Tenn, and Belleville, Ill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24

pendents who need no longer be cared
for my means of private charity. A
wage CONNIE nsurate with his labor VIII
make this possible.
Another essential OF prison reform
which is TO he insisted upon IL the
emplacement of the prisoner IN an in
dustry which Will be of benefit TO him
on his release from prison. \ mans
work in prison is the first step in fit
ting a social misfit TO take a mans
place upon his release.
The prison contractors who have IN
many instances employed the prisoners
have always contended int contract
convict labor would have 10 continue
until n solution OF the selHyG problem
has been worked out. This bill ade-
quately provides for a sufficient mar
ket for the goods produced"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24
Births Reported.

The following births have been reported TO the
health department in the last twenty -four hours
Stephen Z. and Anne T. Childs. girl.
Edward Joseph and Marie T.. Harding, girl.
Charles L. and Helen NJ. Engel boy.
Mclvia ID. and Ester A. Herbert, girl.
G,stave Emil aud Alma N. Rott, girl.
Samuel and Helen Smith. girl.
John p. aud Mary i. Bailenger. boy.
Harry and Emma Griffith, girl.
Austin r. and Margaret NJ Morris, boy.
r Robinson and Mabel Bell, boy.
Daniel J. and Marie Cox. boy.
John J. and Nora Hanlon, girl.
John and Elizabeth Hill, boy.
Roy 7. and Margaret sullivan, boy.
Arthur l., and Ada NJ. PadGett, boy
Richard and Lotte Washington. boy.
Ernest and Mary Mackel, girl.
Nathaniel and Elizabeth Bates. boy.
Eugene and Ruth Culbreth. boy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24

visiting her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. E. "
&c. krieger. at tho Elkton apartment
Mr. Hughes Oliphant left Washington
Saturday for an extended stay in Tren-
ton, n. j.
Mr. and Mrs. John T. Wheelwright OF
Boston are guests of Mrs. Wheel
wrights parents. Mr.. and Mrs William
r. Merriam, at their home in Virginia.
where they are passing the winter.
Mr.. and Mrs. Waddy Wood have taken
possession of their new residence at
1921 Bancroft place. Their daughter.
Miss Lindsay Wood, will return from
boarding school and spend the holidays
with her parents.
Mrs Bristol, wife of Capt Mark Bris-
toll L. S. N, is a guest of Gen. and Mrs
j. Fred Pierson in New York.
Miss Pattie y. Morris of New York is
spending the holidays with her parents,
MIR. and Mrs John speed Morris, at 1924
is street northwest,
Miss Fay Brennan is spending the
week end with Prof and Mrs. Foster
of Annapolis.
Mr.. David c. Pfeiffer of Lehigh Uni
versity is spending the Christmas hol-
idays with his parents. Mr. and Mrs
David @. Pfeiffer, at their residence,
1914 18th street northwest.
The marriage is announced or Miss
Mae c. Martin and Mr.. John l.. Kelly.
both Of Washington, at Baltimore on
December IL.
Mrs. Lou Cohen and daughter Doro-
thy OF 1915 Calvert street northwest
have gone south on a visit to relatives.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24
Marriage Licenses.

Marriage licenses have been issued 10 the fol
lowing:
Edward Gray and Mamie Robinson.
Montford Bates and Elizabeth GUss. both o!
Guiueas. Va
Levi D. Maddox and Mary NJ Garter
Warren 9. Jackson OF Wohurn Mass. and
olivia N. Criswell Of Collhmer, Pa.
Eugene H. StarkPs and Sarah Il. u. Mitchell
George c. Willis Of Warrenton, Va, and Stella
Shnffer Of BristOw. Va
Edward u. Mcintosh OF Arlington, Va, and
Mary E. Moore Of Alexandria. Va
John W. Russell of Narrenton, Va. and
Frances A. Prince of Midland, Va.
Thomas A. Curtis and Rosa Dyson.
William J. Haustein and Ada f. Bateman.
Norval Carroll and Charlotte Smith.
Murray Taylor of Igo, Va, and Ida S. Holland
Of BELLS Gross Roads. Va.
Robert johnson and s;cjley Morris,
Ira r. Nicely of Clifton Forge and Lillian r
Kennedy of Waynssboro. Va.
Lawrence Whitaker and Mabel Waters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24
Miss Margaret Wilson Joins Family
Party at White House for
Christmas.
Secretary of State to Entertain Ser
biau Mission at Dinner
Wednesday.

Miss Margaret Wilson returned to
Washington today and Joined the
family party at the White House. Miss
Wilson left Atlanta yesterday, complet-
ing a southern tour with a concert in
the Auditorium there Saturday night.
The Home for Crippled Children
shared in the profits of the concert.
Miss Wilson will resume her concert
work in a few days.
Preparations are reaching a climax
at the White House for tomorrow's
celebration. The various apartments
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24
Deaths Reported.

The following deaths have been reported to the
health department in the last twenty-f four hours:
Mary W. Palmer. 10 years. 52i 9th street
southwest.
Francis J.. Cramer. - years. Walter Reed
General Hospital.
Jacob ] Mcmbert 50 years, 405 A street south
east.
Charles Fox, Al years, l744 sth street north
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24

without thorough appreciation OF the
economic considerations involved. Sci
entific treatment of the question by
the national committee on prisons and
prison labor have led to the introduce
ton of the bill. The American Fedora
ton of Labor has from the beginning
strongly supported the measure because
it provides for the elimination of those
forces of prison labor exploitation
which have made our penal institu-
tons sources of private gain.
None of the fundamental principles
of social reform have been ignored by
the trainers of the pending prison
labor bill. The war emergency in this
case offers no excuse for lowering the
standards of prison labor. but makes
imperative higher standards in order
that the highest efficiency may be at
tanned. In many states private con-
tractors are exploiting prison labor for
their own gain, but the proposed leg
islation will make possible reor-
ganization of the prisons of the coun-
try so that the beneficiaries of the
prisoners labor will be the federal gov
eminent, the state. the county. the
city, the prisoner himself and the pris-
oner's family.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-24

=. $3.50, = ,r,a,
are receiving their .ouSi oa ~ ~
| tree Is going on behind closed doors,
! In ADDITION 10 Ihe gus uSInS ~
ready Tor oistIiputlon IN M dd,,a ~
circle many pumoleS ar petiIf 2 i.,,as
for the santa Ciaus Pack nlCh 20 w.
from the " nlte hcuse ~ IN - 40.
large autoinooIies 49, ;a,h,. roI,ntrv
Tor dlstTioutioil III INC ',?ac,in,, If
| sloe OF ~ praai,fn,,+,s faniIv
HIei ~ EaDnis T2nu-as Sayre
were out this morning completing thelr
Christmas shopping hestefoay
walked over to the Corcoran ART 'ai
lery TO view the recently completed
Sargent canvas of the President, tenn
norarilv hanging there.
! The Secretary OF state VIII en- . "a Va
! IT dinner Wednesday evening IN f'iip'
| of the members OF the oerp ift 80,
| Yesterday Mr. Albert BILLINGS itua,
| dock of the State Department ana
| Lieut. Hamilton Fish Armstrong, L >.
| A. who is aid to the mission, gave a
luncheon at the Chevy Chase Club Tor
| the distinguished visitors.
| Todsv tFev are sightseeing. and to-
| r,orroyy they will celebrate Christmas
-, cuietly at their hosel
|
| An engagement of interest which has
| iust heen announced is that of Mrs.
| ba ri
/ F:IIicott Of Baltimore
|
| Mrs. Josephus Daniels. accompanied
| by Il party. will go to Quantico 10 al
| tend the Christmas tree celebration TO
| be held in the gymnasium in honor OF
the marines tonight. The party VIII
| 4 I,efeune and her house guest Miss
! Le{eune: Mrs. Charles W. Rae, Miss
/ Ethel Ba gley, Miss Belle Bagley and
tba .tisccs Gordou
Mrs. Armstead Davis will give two
d., IRON, a 70 ! when she will present
her debutante daughter. Miss Halle
! Davis on SATURDAY evening Mrs
I paws will give a large dinner at the
/ Chevy Chase Club for Miss Davis.
Miss Enid Sims. daughter of Repre-
en,fatj,,e and Mrs 7'hctus W Sims ia
ie,tertsinine at a tea dance this AFTER
noon fro,n To 7 at Rauscher's. i'm com
nlirer,t TO her house guest Miss Eliza
neth hlIl OF Chsnsilie. mi ,i,, ,o,,,
iioiis a... ga %, nrcboS,ra ,iiii
the oec"faioii anu an 'i'AeS'i" WA
pay 10! tmt osi'iSi''s 81, Nv, ,r,o,,, 9
oar " 'I'.s ~, 20, 20, Nc
r. logan, -ls ,t M ii -
take tufl's ~ ~ caittits az t. ~, go 80
and the other assls'ahts vi menus
me following dennt1',les; -n,Ss I 'S
burnett MSS iiaiiie "a -; A''ss NJ.
: Donaldson, MISS kathIeeh lester Hiss
: Lucy Flather' Miss carter Ter Muliiken,
Flck!en. MISS hhzapc'h GENRES, MSS
Beatrice Fairfax. MISS Ahlsali Har.ey'
Miss Mary Duncan GIBSON ana MISS
Elizabeth Hill Of this city
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas F. Logan viii
be hosts at a box party at ihe heIaSco,