davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
By
GEO.M.HUNT
Chemist
In Forest
Products

the use of stones in this way has
seemed to favor decay rather than re-
tard II, because the post Is allowed to
dry out partially between wet spells,
1t would be better to keep 1t con-
stantly wet.
In dry, sandy regions posts are
sometimes very badly cut by drifting
sand being blown against the wood.
This effect is sometimes called burn
ing" Piling stones around such posts
would, no doubt, be effective in pre-
venting the sand-cutting. 1t Is doubt
full, however, II results obtained by the
use Of stones for the sole purpose of
preventing decay will Justify the labor
involved.
Setting posts In concrete may have
a beneficial effect in some cases. If
moisture should reach the post, how
ever, 1t may be held there by the
concrete and cause decay to proceed
more rapidly. This is an expensive
method of setting posts and cannot
be depended upon to prevent decay.
rFOiOnStn9 the Lie OF FOSl5 DJ MEANS
Of PreservatiVes.
There are five chief requirements
for a preservative for general use. 1t
should be reasonably cheap, should
penetrate wood readily, should not be
corrosive to metal, should not evapo-
rate or wash out of the wood easily,
and should be poisonous to fungi.
For special purposes there are, Of
course, additional requirements.
Coal-tar creosote, which is a brown
ish-black heavy oil, practically insol-
uble in water, is In general use for
preserving fence posts and other farm
timbers. Satisfactory generations of
many species of wood can be secured
with it and excellent results have
ben obtained by its use. 1t is con-
sidered one of the most efficient pre-
against decay so far de-
veloped for farm timbers exposed to
the weather. 1t may also be used for
inside work wherever its color, odor,
and other properties are not objec-
donable.
Coal-tar creosotes vary considerably
in quality; but satisfactory results may
be obtained from any good grade, pro-
vided a sufficient amount is put into
the wood and a good penetration is
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02

Seasoning Against a Stump.

or other timbers in contact with the
ground. They do not penetrate the
wood deeply, and the only way they
can prevent decay is by preventing the
entrance of fungi or moisture into the
wood. Furthermore, the wood is sell
dom painted on all sides; so it is
usually possible for fungus to enter
an implanted part. When
ever the painted film cracks or peels
off, decay can also enter. 1t is quite
to see wood decaying be-
meath coat Of paint. If the wood
were saturated with unseed Oh 1t
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02

Their presence generally means that
decay has made considerable progress
In the wood.
The four requirements for the
growth of fungi are moisture, air,
favorable temperature, and food.
A damp condition of the wood Is
probably the most favorable to decay.
Wood can be either so wet or so dry
that the fungi cannot live in it. When
submerged in water it has been known
to last hundreds of years, and in per-
fectly dry situations it will often last
indefinitely. Wood in contact with
damp ground usually contains the
right amount of moisture for the de-
velopment of decay. Also, where tim
Der Is in contact with wood or other
material, water frequently collects In
the points and keeps the wood moist
for long periods of time. thus favoring
decay at these points. Familiar exam
pies of this are decay in the tops of
posts in board fences, in the joints of
various kinds of buildings, in porch
columns, in stills resting on wood or
stone piers, and in lumber plies.
There are very few places where the |
fungus cannot get air enough for its |
aseds. When wood is buried deep In |
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02

| TIME amount OF wood used on the
farms of the country and exposed
to decay Is very great. The total
Is difficult to estimate, but 1t I'M
doubtedly amounts to several billion
feet. This wood is used in various
forms, such as fence posts, building
foundations, windmill frames, shingles,
telephone poles, silos, etc. For such
uses durability Is usually the chief re-
| quisite.
Some woods resist decay more than
others. A post of one kind Of wood
may last ten years or more, while one
of another kind may last only two
years under the same conditions.
There Is also a great difference in the
durability of wood of the same species
under different conditions. In very
wet or a very dry situation post will
last longer than in q situation where
the ground is simply damp. 1t will
last better In a compact clayey soil
than In a loose sandy soil. A warm,
moist climate is more favorable to de-
cay than a dry one, or one that has
long, cold winters.
Naturally durable woods are con-
tinually growing scarcer and higher
priced In most localities, and less dur
able woods must be used In their
stead. Many of these woods In their
natural condition will last only two or
three years in situations favorable to
decay. 1t will readily be seen, there
fore, that any reasonably cheap meth
cd of increasing their life will effect
material saving to the user.
For a number of years the forest
service has been conducting expert
ments on the preservative treatment
Of fence posts, poles, and other forms
Of timber exposed to decay. These
experiments have been made in CO.
operation with agricultural experiment
stations, farmers, and various COM
panies, and also upon the national for
ests. They have proved conclusively
that when a suitable preventative
treatment Is given the resistance OF
wood to decay can be very much In
creased.
Decay is not due to the chemical &C
ton of the soil or to the fermentation
of the sap, but is the result Of the
action OF certain low forms of plant
life called fungi. These consist, for
the most part, of very fine threadlike
hlaments, collectively called mycelium,
which penetrate the wood In all d.
rections. Certain substances in the
wood constitute the food Of the fungi.
AS these substances are dissolved the
ftructure is broken down, until the
wood reaches the condition commonly
known as rotten.
The mycelium usually grows out to
the surface to form compact masses
called fruiting bodies. Since there are
many kinds Of fungi, there are many |
kinds of fruiting bodies. The various |
forms of 'toadstools," "punks," "brack-
ets." or dog ears" which are so fire.
quently found growing on trees and
dead wood, are examples of these.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02

Experimental Outfit Heated by Steam.
woods, care should be taken to re-
move the thin inner bark from the
part of the post that is TO be treated.
Even small patches of this bark often
prevent penetration by the preserva-
tive.
In order to obtain the best ABSORB
ton and penetration Of preservative
the posts must be seasoned. The
water and sap must come out of the
tive to go in. Furthermore, wood
treated green is likely to check open
after treatment, exposing untreated
wood. Seasoned wood which has been
wet by recent rains is not in good
condition to treat.
The best place for rapid seasoning
is an exposed location on high ground.
On damp or low ground or near
stream seasoning will take place much
more slowly, and the wood will never
get quite so dry. If properly piled in
a good location, posts will usually sea-
son sufficiently for treatment In from
go TO 90 days of good seasoning
weather. In exceptional cases they
have been known to season In a
month.
1t is sometimes difficult to determine
from its appearance whether timber is
sufficiently seasoned or not. BY weigh
ing few representative posts at regu-
lar intervals 1t is possible to determine
the degree of seasoning very closely.
When an ordinary sized post properly
piled for seasoning does not lose more
than pound or two in weight during
a week of good seasoning weather it
may be considered dry enough to treat
Some woods. such as oak and chest |
nut, check very badly when dried too
rapidly. 1t is well, If possible, to cut
and peel such timber in the fall or
winter, so that by the time warm
weather comes it will be partially sea
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
ANY CORN LIFTS OUT,
DOESN'T HURT A BIT!
No fooIishnessl Lift your corns
and caIluses off with fingers
It's like magic!

Sore corns, hard corns, soft corns or
any kind of a corn, can harmlessly be
lifted right out with the fingers if you
apply upon the corn a few drops Of
freezone, says a Cincinnati authority.
For little cost one can get a small
bottle of freezone at any drug store,
which will positively rid ones feet OF
every corn or callus without pain.
This simple drug dries the moment
It is applied and does not even irri-
tate the surrounding skin while ap-
plying 1t or afterwards.
This announcement will interest
many Of our readers. If your druggist
hasn't any freezone tell him to surely
get q small bottle for you from his
wholesale drug house.-adv.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
FOR EARLY SPRING PASTURES
Thrives on Acid Soils Where
Wheat Is Failure.

Rye will thrive on acid or poor soils
where wheat will not grow well and
may be planted on any soil later than
wheat. It makes one Of the earliest
spring pastures and is excellent as a
green manure.
These characteristics make rye an
important factor in farm economy.
even In sections where It's yield Of
grain is not as profitable as that OF
wheat.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
HAeyekAe farmer has nat The means Of treating
his ozowmate,za/e6Il1enkLy, he can arrange zettb
0ther farmers to do tie zvork co-0be1uhUeN

the ground, especially in compact or
clayey soil, It tends to become satu-
rated with moisture, so that decay is
prevented; but within two or three
feet of the surface of the ground there
is usually enough air for the growth
Of the fungus. Conditions are most
favorable, of course, just at the sur
face of the ground; and it will be not
ed that the point Of greatest decay In
a fence post Is usually near the ground
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
Observation-Disclosures

structlng False Bottom.
line. Above the ground line moisture
conditions are usually unfavorable,
and below the ground line the air sup
ply Is less favorable for the develop
ment of decay. In loose or sandy soils,
however, which under good drainage
contain more air than compact soils,
decay may extend to the bottom Of the
post.
Notwithstanding fungi cannot grow
at very high or very low temperatures /;
but there are few, If any, climates in
which the temperature during at least
part Of the year is not favorable to
their growth.
The wood itself supplies the fourth
requirement of the fungi, which is
food, In order to prevent decay, it is
necessary to deprive the fungus of one
or more of these four requirements.
1t is out of the question in ordinary
situations to deprive 1t of air and
warmth; and though moisture can
sometimes be eliminated to a certain
wood is exposed to the weather. In
general, therefore, the most effective
method of preventing decay is to pois
on the food supply, and upon this
principle is based the use of most sue
cessful wood preservatives.
ProIonqina the Life of Posts Without
the Use of Personalities.
Posts which are to be set without
preservative treatment should always
be peeled. The presence of loose bark
allows moisture to collect, and thus
makes conditions favorable for decay.
1t also harbors wondering insects
which, by boring tunnels, may both
seriously weaken the post and make
conditions more favorable for rapid
decay by affording easy access to
fungi.
The general impression has been |
that seasoning wood makes it more |
durable. In a number of experiments |
made by the forest service on poles |
and ties, however, green wood has
been found as durable as seasoned |
wood. 1t is questionable, therefore, II
it pays to season posts simply to In
crease their durability. If the posts
ire to be used In moist locations, the
seasoned wood can quickly take up
moisture and in a comparatively short
line reach the condition of green
wood. In any case, the seasoned
posts will in time reach approximately
he same condition as unseasoned
POSTS under the same conditions.
In order to be of any value season
ng must be properly done, and the
,osts must not be held so long that
lecay begins before they are set.
'osts should never be left close-piled
or any length of time.
In some cases charring has ap-
cared to give good results; In others
owever, it has failed to give any {
Improbable protection. and 1t cannot '
e relied upon. {
Pifing stones around the base of the |
ost has sometimes been resorted to. {
his tends to keep back the weeds and E
How the air to circulate freely @
round the post. In some climates, {
owever, where the ground Is wet dur Z
lg considerable 2Nrtton of the year, v
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02

proved and I am now the mother Of
fine baby girl and do all my own house
work. Mrs. ALLIA B. TIMMoNs, 2l6
Almond St., Poplar Bluff, Mo-
In many other homes, once childless,
there are now children because of the
fact that Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound makes women normal,
healthy and strong
Write to the Lydia E. Pinkham Medi-
cine Co., Lynn, Mass, for advice-it
will be confidential and helpful.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02


soned. Woods like pines, frs. ETC., are
usually not affected so seriously as the
oaks by rapid seasoning.
The posts should be open piled. so
that the air will circulate freely
around each one. The bottom of the
pile should be raised 6 inches or
foot from the ground. If the ground
is dry, the posts can be seasoned
where they are cut by laying them
upon rocks or brush, or keeping them
off the ground in any other way. Posts
should never be piled in close piles or
allowed to lie on the ground; for under
such conditions they will frequently
start to decay before they are sea-
soned.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
ACTRESS TELLS SECRET.

A well known actress gives the follow
Ing recipe for gray hair: To half pint OF
water add l OF. Bay Rum. small box OF
Barbo Compound, and Il OF. of glycerine.
ANY druggist can put this up or you can
mix it at home at.very little cost. Full
directions for making and use come in
each box of Barbo Compound. 1t will
gradually darken streaked, faded gray
hair, and make It soft and glossy. II will
not color the scalp, is not sticky or
greasy, and does not rub OF. Adv.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
MOTHERHOOD
WOMAN'S JOY
Suggestions to Childless
Women.

Among the virtues of Lydia e.
Pinkham' g Vegetable Compound is the
ability to correct sterility in the
cases of many women. This fact is
well established as evidenced by the
following letter and hundreds of others
we have published in these columns.
Poplar Bluff, Mo. 81 want other
women to know what q blessing Lydia
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02

+. Plnknam 5 Hege-
table Compound has
been 70 me. We
had alw avs wanted
a baby in oG- home
but | was in poor
health and not able
to do my work. My
mother and hus-
band both urged me
to try Lydia E. Pink
h a m 8 Vegetable
Compound. l did
zo NV hoa1fh i'm
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
Not to Be Outdone.

81 had some fine silhOuettes made
of me the other day"
$50 had our Ameliar and the pink
plume on her blue hat was just per-
feet"
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
And to Bore Editors.

PA, what is poetic license?"
ITS the tacit permission given to
poets to live, my son."-Boston Eve
ming Transcript.
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02
'TAkE~
TUFTS Pills
The first dose oft en- astonishes the invsld,
giving elasticity of mind, buoyeney OF body.
GOOD DIGESTION,
regular bowels and solid flesh. Price. IS Cts


'There was some blunt speaking IN
congress the other day."
"Yes; it just matched the probe"
Shoshone journal. [volume] (Shoshone, Idaho) 1884-1931, 1917-02-02

NHE amount of wood used on the
farms of the country and exposed
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
MAYOR KIRK PROCLA|Il5 JUNE 5
PATRIOTIC HOLIDAY IN WHEELING

is, ration law 70 conform 10 Presidents
| Wilson's proclamation and 10 aid Gov
ernor Cornwcll in obtaining the grant
! ing OF his requests for the observation
Of registration day.
Mayor Kirk in his proclamation re-
quests that SO far us practicable ami
! possible all business be- suspended
! next Tuesday. and adds his request as
/ the ci;y' executive and as Il citizen
! that every citizen do all within his
power 20 carry out the purpose OF the
day.
Lei our school children hold their
: patriotic parades.' he mayor urges.
.."l.nt those OF Our citizens VINO hay"
vehicles places them al the srrvice
| OF our registration boards
! In proclaiming the day a holiday in
| Wheeling Mayor kork pleads that no
! ing and ratification. or Il day for de.
| parting from the city on errands Of
! pleasure Rather, nc urges that bust
ness be suspended not hat the work
erS may rest. but that by the Suspen-
sion of business, buiness itself mag
make a gift ~ the country Of one
! days time of its employees. The day
! should be one, SAYS the proclamation.
not OF celebration. but Of COnsAcra'
ton. Ministers are requested 70 keep
their churches open and that wher-
ever possible some short devotion be
held and that portion Of the day at
! least be devoted 10 meditation and
prayer. Careful study. supplemented
by sober reflection. is as necessary
10 a proper realization Of tho situation
which confrOntS the United States,
Mayor Kirk points out, as is dis
! play Of flags, parade with brass bands
and patriotic speeches.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
SIT s Is
AND IN THIS CASE
SIS $40

To me-: Il demand ia" h!ch-C!aSS
suits and Ur"rCnalS a. medium price,
We have added 10 QUE Regular 81. 90
business Il line vi over one hundred
STYLES of the highest grade Of WOolcnS
and trimmings made RI This country.
THESE woolenS ami irlmnueS tailored
into suits or uNcrrUutS cannot he pro-
duced by the ordinary tailor for less
Than $1,000.
On account Of our extensive pur-
chasing uOwsr. combined with our per
feet organization Of hign class tailorS.
". art. enabled 10 prohur" This suit or
overcnai for $4,000. This entire line
of high grade merchandise VIII be- car
ried merely as an extra issue on which
we will figure no selling cost. as the
cost Of maintaining each OF our thirty
five stores j. Il liked amount. and TINS
cnI!rc amount i estimated against our
regular $I7."n business.
Therefore. YOU can readily see that
bv eliminating AL overhead EXPENSES,
combined with an unlimited rurchas'
inc newer VIZ arr enabled 10 carry
these materials anil produce u SUIT or
ovarCnat for In" rrir" Of S-'.No mat
cannot be- duplicated claewh"r" !or
less than $4,000.
We take pride in thr fact that
through hard wNrn ana personal ell
forts. We today have a national repu'
ta1ion for producing" The hes, SlI.OO
clothes made in America. This, We OK.
pect 10 continue as IN" making OF
Sl1 m clothes is our regular business.
but to the man who is willing 10 pay
s25. 900 for d suit or uvercoa'. we in
tend to Civ" garments that cannot BE-
duplicated elsewhere FOR less than
$40, 900, and intend 10 make The s2o.0o
suit and Ov"rCuat iainnES by GIYlnc
tho greatest values ever known.
We earnestly solicit your patronage
and kindly request that YOU come to
our store al your convenience and in
spec, these materials. as VIC feel that
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
CRIMINAL COURT
Not Guilty verdicts in Two Speakeasy
Cases-Appeal Cases on Docket
for To-day.

Ncrdcts Of not guilty wore r"'uin"d
in two SIrstkcHSy cases tried in criminal
cnurL yesterday. Ono of TIA" defendants
was Henry tinehlc. who WAS arrested IN
raid by Elm Grove uffiCiaiS on
iIn"hir'S fish mlrkc! IN that town $rT-
rval months ago. Tho defendant rla!:u-
cd that liquor found thor" was Ter p""-
Sonal use. George Soipcrt WAS tried ON
n charg" Of violating tn" prohibition
law at tho Stone House. al Elm Grove
Judge Alan II. Robinson directed 4 YER
dict Of not gully.
Judge RohinSon continued tho case Of
Harold Bloch. who was rIu"d by Mayor
Storrllc". Of Fulton. on u speeding
charge. Nj. Rloch appealed IA" ra%"
Tho appeal cases Of Stat" W ,i"S"ph
and Stnt" vs.. Snnd. ar" dnCi:r;rd for
trial In criminal court to-day.
Read the General Baking Company
announcement ii this issue. II means
economy for you in bread buying.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
RIVER NEWS

The 0hio river commenced falling y"s-
to-day afternoon and last night Il stage
r' - feet was recorded. The steamer
Ruth for Pittsburgh. ut " r'ricr., in The
afternoon. and tho steamer Liberty for
Marietta. n; 3" O'Clock. were ia" only
departures Yesterday I'll" steamer MI
ton arrived lnst ni,.ht ~ u'cl"ck fro;r
Matamoras AMI will clear today ~ il:.'u
g." that sam" port.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
go, 900 Leagues Under the Sea-

AgisS Ncrr"'S masterpiece Of fiction
has been dramHtiEed ror motion pic
iIlrE and NIL l." presented at the Court
,'t' week. This wonderful story Of
'r,, hatred and mystery has hecn used
- ;hc hl%IS Of the greatest nhntnplay
:,,n,!ur.d The Universal Film Com
ir,Uy spent over TWO years IN the max
.iuG - this rhutOdralEa and employed
2."''n lr;prS't" depict the episodes shown
IA III" 4nu sciences.
The engagement is for the entire week
with L matinee daily ut els. An aug
liu'.ml'.i rr,'hCStT:t Will render the muSl-
,.al >rnrn nr this marvellous picture.
SEATS are now on sale for the twelve
performances.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
SOUTH SIDE NEWS


Re- :. l.. Fish, IF st. Andrews Tpis-
ruiul church. is now attending the an
i.lLi council Of liz" Episcopal church
Ir"""se, which is hciug held at Clarks
bury this week.
Rev. :. II. Matzke. OF 81. Stephen =
reformed church. left Tuesday 20 at.
t,id The annual class meeting OF this
NIl bs held at Stone Creek, Ohio.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
At St. Marys Church.

After Sunday, June ,. the high masses
and evening services will h" dlScnn-
tIuurd until autumn in 81. Mary :
church. Beginning with Sunday. .lun"
IA Their" viii hr low masses with short
ms, ructionS at the morning services Of
80 and 1890. on Thursday. Jun" l..
tho feast Of corpus Christi. in connec.
zion with high naSS Huh devotional
services will hc observed.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
SPIRIT OF CONSIDERATION TO
CUTY URGED FOR CONSCRlP-
TON DAY.
City's Executive Suggests Lines Of
Service. Parades and OeVo-
tons in Churches.

Mayor H. L. Kirk yesterday issued
a proclamation making registration
day. Tuesday. June 5. a holiday in
Wheeling. The mayors action was
taken with a view OF carrying out the
intent, purpose and spirit of the reg
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
Strange Illness


EDWARD. Tho l3year-0ld son Of Mr..
;'nd Mrs. John Cain. who reside at
Twentieth and Chaplinn streets. WAS a
t"w days ago seized with a strange III
Ir"sS. !'r. Walter lalby. who attends
! him states that The boy is q victim OF n
! pu2zinE sickness III connection with
! nigh ftECr.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
EXTRACTION DAY AT CLINIC.

Today viii be extraction day ~ the
Denial Clinic in the Associated CHAR
iics. Il was announced yesterday after
noon About twenty children will h."
AT tn, offices tor treatment Two dem
lists will he present for the work
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-06-01
SlaYonlc Picnic.

on juno 10 the National Slavonic
i,idIc% of Ecnwood and Bellairc will
h"ld their annual picnic on the grounds
Hear thr Webb min. Il half mile walk
from Shadysid". There will bn gym
naStic fcaIs. music. patriotic songs by
: he children and some speaking.