The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-07-09
USING UP THE HOG
Not Evena Hair of Him Is Wasted
by the Big Packers.
GOOD PROFIT in THE oFFAL.

| lt Yields as Great Financial Return
| as DO the Main Food Products of the
Carcass--fiow the Various Parts Of
the Animal Are Utilized.
I There is q use for everything that is
removed from hog. After years OF
experimenting packers have reduced
| their business to such a system that
| they realize as much profit from the
! offal as they do from the main car.
| cass.
The meat of hog is from 20 to so
| per cent of the live weight. The 20 to
| 30 per cent that is classed as offal
makes the money for the packers. Elk
| elusive of condemnations by govern
ment inspectors, about IL per cent of
| each carcass is lost at various stages
of dressing and by evaporation in
processing and curing, so that really
only about GO per cent actually goes
into cuts to be retailed to the con-
sumner. The various cuts-hams, ba-
con, loins, spareribs and pork sides
| are the main products.
Among the edible byproducts is pep
sin, which is derived from the stomach
| of the hog. The liver is used for food
as 1t is taken from the body, and it is
also made into liver sausage. Brains
are prepared in many ways. Tongues
find their way into the making of can
\ nd
used in sausage.
Tails, shouts and ears are rich in
gelatin or glue, but most of them are
sold for boiling with kraut and other
vegetables and are much in favor with
lovers of boiled meals. Kidneys enter
into the fresh meat trade or when the
supply is too large are frozen or can
ned.
Neutral is specially prepared lard,
largely used abroad, and in this coun-
try an important ingredient in the man.
ufacture of oleomargarine Lard prop
er is not commonly called byproduct
| of the hog; it is one of the primary
products. About 10 per cent OF the
average hog goes into the making of
lard. The demand for lard has In
creased greatly during the past few
years. 1t is now used commonly in
cooking in place of butter. Part of
the lard is further processed into lard
Oil and stearine, the former used as a
lubricant and for Illuminating pur-
| poses, the latter entering into the man
ufacture Of lard compounds, chewing
gum, soft candies, fancy toilet soaps
and other toilet preparations.
Small quantities of blood are used in
the making of blood buildings, but
most of it is dried and ground into
blood meal, popular ration with poul-
try raisers as well as feed for calves
that are being fed on skinmilk.
StomacEs are used as sausage con-
tanners, the lining first being removed
and used as a source of pepsin. The
"black'' or curly intestines of the hog
are carefully cleaned, processed and
made into gatherings, an inexpensive
food that is fried like oysters, much in
favor with colored people.
Seven per cent of the weight of the
hog Is represented in nonedibIe byprod-
ucts In the raw state, which are after
ward manufactured into glue. soap.
glycerin, blood meal, tankage. curled
hair and fertilizer. In the finished
state these products represent about
412 per cent Of the hogs weight, the
balance being lost in evaporation.
Tho rindc from elyinnod ho -
con, as well as the back skin Of the
hog, are saved. Pigskin is used In
athletic goods.
Hair enters into many lines of man
ufacture. A large part is used in the
making of brushes, and the finer the
bristle the higher priced brush is pro-
duced. 1t is also curled and used for
upholstering.
The waste waters are evaporated to
a thick brown wax known as "stick"
because of it's adhesive properties. It
is used in the manufacture of fertilizer,
as it has high nitrogen content.
Bones are used in making phosphates
for baking powder and other COM
pounds. They are also ground into
poultry feed, and large tonnage finds
its way into the fertilizer trade. Bones
are also burned for charcoal for use In
the publication of sirups in the manu-
facture of sugar. Bone ash is used In
making crucibles for glassmaking and
metal refining.
Tankage is bone and tissue sub
stance that is taken from the tanks
after the different parts are rendered
for grease. 1t is used chiefly in stock
and poultry feed.--Joseph NJ. Carroll
in Country Gentleman.