davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Copyright. 1917. Western Newspaper VI


How many people know the reason
for the milled edges on coins? 1t was
introduced through the necessity Of
preventing clipping" and sweating"
That gentle art consisted of shaving
the edges of coins to obtain the gold
or silver and't passing them off
for their full face value. Strong laws
against this practice were enacted
from time to time, ever since money
was invented. 1t was even treated as
treason and made subject to severe
punishment, but Notwithstanding this
curb persons of good position, and
sometimes high ecclesiastics, were
found guilty. Clipping was at last
stopped by the introduction in 1868
OF milling the edges of coins. Only
those of higher denominations were
thus treated, and pennies and nickels
to this day have smooth edges.
To anyone who has delved even a
little bit into the subject of money"
the fascination numismatics holds for
coin collectors is readily understand
able. One Of the first things man in
vented, money has had a long and
interesting history.
Coins as we see them today are the
result of development more or less
haphazard. An example of this is
found in the mark resembling a new
moon which almost every Chinese coin
bears. This originated in an accident
during the time of Empress Wentek,
in $40 A. ID. The wax model of a
proposed coin was presented to her
majesty for approval. In taking hold
of the model she left the impression
of her thumb nail on it, and as a re-
suit, 1t has been marked character
fstic of Chinese coins for hundreds of
years. 1t was even copied in Japan
and Korea.
The origins of money terms are in
teresting. In 270 B. c., the Romans,
who had been saved from defeat in
battle by warning that the Goddess
Juno was supposed to have given, sur
named her "Moneta" from ''monere"
Ito warn), and erected temple which
they called by this name. Shortly
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

thereafter some spoils of war were
carried to Rome and stored in this
temple. Later the building was used
as a mint. 1t was only natural that
its productions came to take the name
Of "moneta."
The word dollar" is derived from
the German "thal," meaning vale or
valley. In 1484 the German (now
Austrian) government coined GER
tain piece Of silver called "crown."
This was the first coin as far as we
know to be of the size and weight of
the coins which were later known as
pieces-of-eight, piastres, dollars, etc.
In 1916 Bohemian feudal lord named
Count Schlick coined some pieces of
silver of this size at mint in JOach-
inns Thai, or JOachim's Vale, in Bo-
hemia. They were first known as
Schlicktenthalers and Joachimsthalers
-afterward abbreviated to ''thalers."
These coins were circulated in BOhe-
mia and the low countries, where they
were variOusly called "thalers," "dal-
lers," "daalers," etc. They even
reached ConstantinOple and were
named "aslani." When Charles v, king
of Spain, heard of Schlicktenthalers
he decided to adopt the size as stand
ard. So he coined eight Spanish reals
of silver, which amounted to about
the size of a thaler, and called them
"pieces-of-eight" and "dOllers." This
coin in July, 1906, was adopted in
America by the continental congress.
The sign of dollar ($) came about
in this way: When Charles V de-
signed pieces-of-eight the two pillars
of Hercules were placed on one side
with a scroll forming an IS" and the
words "Plus ultra" This made a
crude 49," 1t came to be used as
sign for pieces-of-eight-af
dollar.
The word "carat" originated in the
East and signified beans of locust
tree. These beans were used from
time immemorial among eastern ma
tons as weight, just as barley and
wheat have been with us.
Money was called leash" by the an
cient Hindus (from "karsha-pana," a
coin). "Coin" comes from the Latin
word "cuneus," die or stamp.
"Guineas" is dubbed from the country
in which the gold was obtained.
"Franc" is the abbreviation of the in
scription Francorum Rex. Shilling"
comes from a root signifying to div
ide.
Ancient coins are often valuable for
the history inscribed on them. Vic
tories have been commemorated and
rulers immortalized through the me-
ments Of people have often been es-
tablished by digging up their coins in
distant countries.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Success at Twenty-Five and Fifty.

Success at Twenty-Five and Fifty.
Success at twenty-five and success
at fifty make different demands, says
a writer in the American Magazine. In
a few months I am going to marry a
man I met in college, sanitary engi-
neer, now with state board of health.
His salary is just $1,000 a year, vet
that means happiness to US. At twen-
ty-five he has three degrees, and the
fact that he was chosen for this work
means the beginning of success to us,
too. It is enough 70 live on while he
Is proving his theories of public health,
and it gives him an opportunity for or
iginal work. But If FIVE years from
now he has the same salary (only he
will not y and his work has not been
recognized, we will not think of $1,000
in the same way.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

nothing else, that alone would have en-
titled them to the respect of mankind.
Address.
Sink or swim, live or die, survive or
perish, l give my hand and my heart
to this vote Eulogy on Adams and
Jefferson, August 2, 1926.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
The Danger. Of opuIence.

1t takes fOrtitude, stability, manli.
ness and courage to be good man In
the face of temptations, obstacles, and
adverse surroundings. 1t requires just
as much moral stamina to conquer the
temptations Of opulence as it does to
combat the onslaughts of calamitous
circumstances.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Daniel Webster-17s2-fe52.

Mind is the great lever Of all things !;
human thought is the process by which
human ends are ultimately answered.
Address.
knowledge, in truth, is the great sun
fin the armament. Life and power are
scattered with all its beams.-AAdress.
Let our object be our country, our
whole country, and nothing but our
cOuntry.-Address.
America has furnished to the world
the char ter of Washington. And if
our American institutions had done
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

OF 1000 Americans, only 80 are saw
ings bank depositors. The proportion
in Italy is 2SS; Japan, 27O; Tasmania,
go; Australia, 300; England, 3O2; Ger
many. 81; Holland, 325; France, 346;
Switzerland, 544.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

Waste in American kitchens at be-
ginning of war amounted to $7OO,OOO,-
600 year. If the war eliminates per-
manently this one sin it will have its
redeeming qualities.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Personal

Frank Gotch of Humboldt, Ia, who
retired as heavyweight champion
wrestler a few years ago, died at
Des Moines, la. Gotch was known all
over the world as the greatest catch
as-catch-can wrestler In the history Of
that sport. Death was caused by urae-
mic poisoning.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

There are In the United States 1880
600 dependent wage earners who failed
to save money and are costing this
country $22,0OO,OOO a year.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

Food Administrator Hoover will is
sued at Washington a supplemental
food card within a few days to the
100000 food conservation signers,
announcing that the food administra-
tons sugar rationing plan for the
United States provides for three
pounds of sugar per month to each
person during the coming year.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

America allows to be wasted, each
year. through the activities of rats
grain and other property produced by
the constant labor of 100000 men.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Pneumatic Shoulder Pads.

To aid men to carry heavy burdens
on their backs an EngIishman has In
vented pneumatic shoulder pads, the
air they contain being equalized by
central reservoir.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Washington

Secretary Baker believes that the
congressional inquiry into the war de-
partment has none of the hostile char
acter usually attributed to legislative
probes of executive departments.
Congress-" he said informally at
Washington, sis exhibiting very prop
er curiosity and the war department
will do it's best to satisfy that proper
curiosity"
Secretary Baker at Washington
made this reply to General Crozier's
charge that he Is responsible for the
failure, until June II last, to make a
.hoice Of machine guns: 81 am respon-
,ible for anything that goes on In the
war department. have been much
Interested in the subject of machine
guns. appointed board to pass on
hem. can't say anything for pub
ication. Our adversaries would be
glad to acquire information"
Senator Gore Of Oklahoma went to
sanitarium at Washington for treat.
ment for nervous trouble and insom-
mia.
Claus A. Spreckels, president Of the
Federal Sugar Refining company, tes-
tifying before the senate manufactures
subcommittee at Washington in the
sugar Investigation, declared there is
no sugar shortage except In spots"
Without roll call the house at Wash.
ington passed the post Office appropria-
ton bill, carrying 1881 ,316,O7O, and the
urgency deficiency measure, extending
the appropriation of 500, 100000 made
last year to the president for use until
June 80, 1918.
Secretary Bakers annual report for
the war department. made public at
Washington, constitutes only brief
historical review of the year, and. SO
that 1t may be devoid Of information
for the enemy, shows no recommen.
dations. Secretary Baker says he does
not favor universal military training
as regular national policy.
The house at Washington voted IN
give the seat for the Second MICHIGAN
district held by Mark r.. Bacon. Re.
publican. To g. w Roakos non.co-.A
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

Forty-six out Of 100 average Ameri-
can men have saved nothing at forty.
five years Of age.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
The Security of Thrift

Those who are thrifty never wholly
fail; they may not reach the heights.
but they never will reach the depths.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
News of the
Week Cut
Down for
Busy Readers
is TeutOr1ic War News

Gen. John j. Pershing, commander
in chief of the Americans in France,
in general orders issued in France pro-
claimed Christmas and New Years
day as holidays. The order said no
work is to be performed on the two
days.
Col. E. M. House, who headed the
United States delegates to the inter-
allied conference held in Paris, ar
rived at New York. He said: ''The
work was satisfactorily done. The
mission was a great success. The rep
resentatives agreed on everything"
Seventeen enlisted men of the Unit
ed States army engineer corps were re-
ported missing in action by General
Pershing in dispatch to the war de-
parment at Washington. They were
missing ON November 80, the day of
the German turning movement at Cam
brai,N and are believed to have fallen
into the hands of the Germans.
Secretary of the Navy Daniels an
nounced at Washington receipt Of adj
vices, showing that 16 naval men on
the steamship Actaeon, sunk by Ger
man submarine November "a, have
been saved; two are dead and two I'M
accounted for.
Of oil vol
to coordinate the naval operations Of
all the nations at war with the central
powers was announced at Washington
in cablegram to the navy depart
ment from Admiral Benson at Paris.
Members of the council, established
in accordance with the plans OF the
interallied conference, will report to
their respective governments with rec
concentrations for action.
A number of American railway en-
gineers have been killed by German
aerial bombs in a town somewhere De-
hind the British front, says dispatch
from France.
"A serious calamity and national
disgrace are inevitable" If surgical
dressings are not sent to France with
all possible speed. according to ca
blegram from Maj. GraysOn M. +.
Murphy, head of the American Red
Cross in France, which was made pub
lie at New York.
The first American shot in the war
against Austria was fired on the Ital-
ian front when Representative Tink-
ham of Boston pulled the string of
149 millimeter gun, hurting a shell
across the Austrian line.
|
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Foreign

Felix Calender, vice president of the
republic and head Of the department
of the interior, was elected president
of Switzerland for 1918.
John Johansen, helmsman on the
Norwegian steamer limo, the Belgian
relief ship whose collision with the
ammunition steamer Mont Blanc led
to the disaster at Halifax, was de-
tanned as a German spy suspect.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

The house at Washington voted to
give the seat for the Second Michigan
district held by Mark r. Bacon. Re-
publican, to s. w. Beakes, Democrat.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

George H. Earle, Jr.,. one Of the lead
ing independent sugar refiners, issued
a statement at Philadelphia praising
Food Administrator Hoover and George
Nj. ROlph, head of the sugar division
for their work and bitterly assailing
Claus Spreckles.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

An embargo ON all export freight.
except for the United States govern
ment on all railroads reaching North
Atlantic seaboard ports, was ordered
by the general operating committee at
New York.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21
Domestic

That their male ticket agents may
be relieved frorI usual duties and re-
place men who went to the armies,
the Union Pacific railroad placed WON.
an ticket agents at all important ticket
Offices of that road, says dispatch
from Omaha, Neb.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

CASTOR b. Means was acquitted at
Concord, N. c., of charge of STAY
ing Mrs. Maude A. King, the wealthy
New York and Chicago widow. The
jury deliberated a little over fifteen
hours.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

Business sessions Of the forty-ninth
annual convention of the National
American Woman Suffrage association
were brought to close ut Washington
with the reelection Of Mrs. Carrie
Chapman Gait as president and of all
other officers.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

One alleged selective service evadei
was instantly killed and two others
so badly wounded that their capture
was easily effected later when Ennis
Thurman, deputy sheriff of Pinal
county, encountered the three in a
lonely mountain region near Sasce.
AriZ.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

A slight increase in the losses Of
British merchantmen by mine or sub
marine in the last week is noted in
the admiralty statement issued at Lon
don. Fourteen vessels of more than
1000 tons were sunk.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

On account of the present shortage
of coal in New York one of the largest
real estate companies in the city, OPP
Grating 40 apartment houses, COM
menced to turn off the heat in all it's
houses between the hours of IL a. m.
and q. m
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

Frank Harrington, president Of the
Illinois United Mine Workers Of Amer
lea, and all but one Of the mine union
officials Of the state have been re-
elected. Returns from the election
held at Springfield, ILL.,, show Pho
Franckney Of Spring Valley has been
elected international board member.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

to one Of the Mayfair stations. I am
sure there would be a better-class
crowd there"
But the Mayfair stations, as 1 veri-
fed after the next warning, are not
filed during air raids. And most Of
those who do take refuge, even in West
End residential districts, within the
tubes, are not English. The point
seems of Importance, because breath
ing foul air at the bottom Of q deep
shaft for hours is fair evidence Of
panic, or at least of undue alarm. Sem
sible people go home, and stay there.
Crowds Of foreigners congregate
around the tube stations hours before
the raid warnings are given, and
clamor for admittance, which is not
granted them until the enemy is sig
nailed. In one very deep tube shaft, at
Islington, where the population suf-
fered more than elsewhere in daylight
raids months ago, women and children
sat huddled all day long, and half the
night, until the practice was stopped.
Nerves Of English mistaken.
The Germans attack London to ter
rify- the population; they cannot do
damage Of military Importance from
the heights they are compelled to
maintain. They have succeeded in up
setting portion of the alien popu-
lation, mostly ignorant people. and in
paralyzing with fear those of their own
kindred who live in London. They sig
nally failed to break the nerves of the
Englishmen and EnglishwOmen here.
The evidence Of the tubes upon that
point is conclusive
At least half the women saw In the
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

The first American shot in the war
against Austria was fired on the Ital-
ian front when Representative Tink-
ham of Boston pulled the string of
1.49 millimeter gun, hurting a shell
across the Austrian line.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

The Austrian battleship Wien was
torpedoed and sunk, according to a
Vienna official statement received in
Amsterdam and forwarded to London.
Most of the crew were saved. The bat
tleship Wien Displaced 5,512 tons and
was laid down in 1898.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

Funchal, capital Of the Madeira is
lands, has been bombarded by Ger,
man submarine, says a dispatch from
Lisbon, Portugal. Forty shells were
fred killing or wOunding number Of
persons and damaging several build
ings. The submarine fled on being at
tackled.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-12-21

The torpedoing of two Austrian bat
tleships in the harbor of Trieste by
Italian torpedo craft on the night of
December 9 is reported in message
received at New York by Commander
C. Pfister of the Italian navy.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-06-19
Avery's Letter

The powers that be, namely, the New York crowd, have the cotton market in the hollow of their hands and apparently there is no top to it. A rise of $5 per bale since Saturday is their net result so far at this writing. The inevitable re- suit of speculation run wild, I fear, will be that the government will step in. as it did in Chicago, and force the ex- changes to stop trading and fix maxi mum prices on contracts. There is no use of living in a fools paradise and imagine that such sort of speculation can continue indefinitely. The government has just turned down steel contracts on 10 ships because of the price asked for steel. Speculation in grain has been curbed and with the extraordinary pow CTS which will be given to the con- troller under the food control bill, it is extremely unlikely that such a necessary article as cotton will escape some r@gula- tion.
 I would like to see the planter get 30 cents for his cotton, but comomn sense tells me that such wild and cratic mar kets cannot continue indefinitely.
 I have been wrong for some days and may be wrong now, but just such sort of markets as we are now having in cot ton preceded the absolute stopping of all wheat speculation. Cotton may be an exception. It remains to be seen
 c. F. AVERY
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-06-19
Shepard & Gluck's Letter

(Received over W. E. Campbell s private wire)
 New Orleans. June 1s.-New high levels again were seen in the cotton market today, October being forced above the 25-cent mark by demand which the ring found difficulty in supplying.
 Liverpool took on sensational rise and this market opened with a sewed- up appearance. On very quiet trading prices were sent 96 to 116 points above last weeks final quotations. The close was at a net rise of so to 95 points.
 The recent cold weather, very bull ish private crop accounts and reports from mill centers showing increasing consumption as the result of the con- tinued placing of immense war or ders were the bullish features which accompanied the advance. A feature of the day was the Watkins bureau con- dition report of TIA per cent of the normal. an improvement of only IA points since May 22. There is only one week left in the June condition period and it looks very much as if the trade is facing a very bullish report from the government, to which will prob ably be added bullish returns on the acreage, the annual acreage figures coming from the government with the July condition report.
 We believe that holders of long contracts will do well to take profits on further bulges which will put them in the position to buy on any wide reactions which may come about
 By the usual methods of reckoning Liverpool is due up 19 to 33 points tomorrow. but this is offset by the big advance in Liverpool before we opened
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-06-19
GRAIN AND PRODUCE

Chicago, June 1S.-Wheat dropped de- cidedly in value today, influenced to a considerable extent by estimates that North America and Argentina would have a net increase of 15O, coo 900 bush els in the exportable surplus this sea son as compared with last year. The market closed heavy, 102sc to 101ac net Der at $1.s5. Corn lost 1c to 2Ac and oats 7sc to 15sc. Provisions finished ir- regular TIC off to 30c advance Through out the day commission houses were on the selling side of the wheat market. and there was no difficulty in forcing prices downgrade in the absence of any aggressive buying. The fact that new wheat had reached St. Louis and that harvesting was expected to begin in Kan sas within 10 days or a fortnight seemed to offset completely big falling off in the United States visible supply total. Besides, world shipments were large, and the British stocks were reported to be increasing.
 Drouth reports from the southwest, together with the persistent buying of old crop deliveries for seaboard account, led to transient bulge in the corn market Favorable weather, however, afterward led to reaction. Oats were swayed by the action of corn
 Selling out by recent purchasers of lard and ribs burdened the provision market. Pork nevertheless rose in sym pathy with higher quotations on hogs.
 Future quotations were as follows:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-06-19
Live Stock

Chicago, June 18.-Hogs: Receipts, 39,- GOO; market, firm; bulk, $l5. 30d15. 95; light H4.75@15.S5; mixed, $15 O5016. .05; heavy, S15@16. .7l5O rough, $15@15 25; pigs, $10.5 .50a 14.70
 Cattle: Receipts, 21,OOO; market, unset tied; native beef cattle, $S .S5d13. .75; stock CTS and feeders, $7.20D 10.50; cows and heifers, $5.9O@11 75; calves, $10. 5o@15 .25.
 Sheep: Receipts, 13,000; market, steady; wethers, $S .SOa11. 30; ewes, s7.7Oa1O. 30; lambs, $10. 40616; springs, s13 .50G16
 Kansas City, June 1s.-Hogs: Receipts, 1000; market higher; bulk, $l5.15@15 S5; heavy, $15 75d15 30; packers and butchers, s15 3oa15.s5; light $15 .75@15. 45; pigs, s13. .5o d14. 50.
 Cattle: Receipts, 21,ooo; best grade steady, others 15c lower; prime fed steers, $12 .50@13 50; dressed beef steers, s1O612 IS southern steers, $.50@12. 30; cows, s6.50@ 10.S5; heifers, $s 50G113; stockers and feed CTS, S.5OG11; bulls, $7@9.25; calves, $7 @13.25.
 Sheep: Receipts, 76O0; market, higher; lambs, $16@17 50; yearlings, $1Oa12; weth- CTS, $9611; ewes, s. .75011O .75.
 St. Louis, June 18.-Hogs: Receipts, 7SO0; market higher; lights, $15. 45@15.S5; pigs, S1G@14.25; mixed and butchers, $15. 456116; good heavy, $15. 95@16; bulk S15. 45@15 30.
 Cattle: Receipts, 95OO; market, lower; native beef steers, $7.5O@13.50 yearling steers and heifers, $S.50d13 .25; cows $6 @11; stockers and feeders, $6610; Texas quarantine steers $5 5009. 50; prime south- ern beef steers, SOILS; beef cows and heifers $4. 25@9; prime yearling steers and heifers S.50@10 native calves, $6d14. 75. Sheep: Receipts, 21O0; market, higher; clipped lambs, s13915.5O; clipped ewes, s9d10; spring lambs, $1@2lS IS, canners, S5d6