davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
La ragione. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1917-????, 1917-07-24
Phila., Pa, u LugliO 1917.
Caro- PeppinO,

Mi domandi Sc nelIa sedut
prOtesta tenuta Cd, NJa~4ab..
Grand Deputati da me presie
Ia Ia sera del % giugno
fosse parlato della risurre,
della "VOce del POpOlO" e r.
vOtaziOne a questo prOpOsi D.
/ Ia qualc GiacOmO Campar do
tant0 ayrebbe y0tato c,.L
vi e stata 81 una discu, ,0
y0tazi0ne, neIIa quale ,'aioFe
DaniOl0 g state cOntr3 1egli i
sa non vcrtcya afra il filan-
male.
Cordiaimente Ga.
O. la mia
enica scor-
AucOIa una yipdoro C1o
mo II degeucra -,
nella melma, r - u 'nuuStfla
zioni non intaG col fare 10
loro che egi J,
Di questo
ron RaDisar,a - F. proprio
Ga bigsmg calzolaio militia
+. Cooperative, eb-
Con ciId presentarsi MEN
dale il co ere; ma tutti pre-
.d'ItaIia - chi avevano a fare,
,-,I, Co 81 meritaVa nd al
concorry che egli aveva avu-
razione voto.
@ 9oi @ ..io ere. Scranton, Pa. -
venue .i. Daldiana sta andando
u SS5uLalla Societa del Bar
iio vi he altra, ne sono usci-
NJ Sig. Giuseppe Falan-
p are Sig. Giovanni Ric-
ae1 confondersi col dottore
Liicoi i. crede che altri segui-
2 9llo' di queste due coscien-
r. pom.
? pagI
. fuse TIA. - 81, quando av-
r rie Nero del sarti, furono e
Sminrresti in massa. C. C. A.
2 ro; u.ato da un suo inquilino
. bugi;tato arrestato per isba-
= data facesse mettere in Ii
e ne CT 'attore degli italiani
il demoche Sc non voleva pas
: dOcure al fresco, avreb-
= filmal rsare dollari 1850.
o Epl disse che non Ii
e te strlantropo replic6 che
i Ia inei cantano messe. Per6
a pagns d'Italia canto la mes
; aver, il detenuto venue
a che nee il becco dun quat-
z. Sc lcomenti!....
= 10 in,,I. Citta. - Mel prem
Il ra,, DdlattagliO sembra che
poanta gestione. La Colonia
do VII wi ne te ne tue pa
a avevar
/ pro!uha. - Pensa ala sa-
81 taplha rima faremo con-
/ EsSo'sidente paesan.....--
4 disprez
Ia
La ragione. [volume] (Philadelphia, Pa.) 1917-????, 1917-07-24

a., La Lombar-
strade e Christian
zie al degenerate,
altra refurtiya da
4 di Mar...aniello.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
Protect Homesteaders.

Many inquiries are being made as
to the status Of homesteader who
enlists in any branch OF the military
service and whether his claim might
be contested during his absence on
military duty, says the Statesman.
During the Spanish-American war
a resolution was adopted protecting
homesteaders in their rights and pre-
venting any contests from being
prosecuted during the absence OF the
men who were on duty in military OF
naval service of the government and
providing that with the exception Of
one years residence time will be
allowed for the term OF enlistment.
This resolution was effective during
the service Of the national guard on
the Mexican border and may be in.
voked during any period OF war OF
call of troops by the authorities.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
Idaho Labor Conditions.

Boise, Idaho. The federal gov.
ernment can call out the young
men Of the state if it wishes to
make soldiers of them, but Dick
Donovan, head of the free labor
department in the state farm mar
kets bureau, is going to mobilize
the unmarried men of Idaho who
are Of uncertain age and give them
Jobs on farms, provided they want
work.
Donovan worries every time lie
picks up newspaper about the
scarcity Of labor in the state this
summer, and he may address a
manifesto to the farmers any day
now. In it he will call on them TO
hire the married men at an early
date, and build houses if necessary
in which to segregate them.
According to Donovan there is
going to be great scarcity of
farm labor this spring and summer.
The farmers have been insisting on
hiring single men, but the farm
markets bureau has been unable to
fill the demand made on it. Large
numbers of unmarried men have
been called to the colors by the
mobilization of the Second Idaho
infantry regiment, and Donovan
says the farmers may as we'll make
up their minds to hire married
men with families. In the mean
time, however, the farm markets
bureau is anxious to list all single
men who are too old to 60 to the
front, or who have been rejected
by recruiting officers.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13

Boise, Idaho The state board Of
examiners last Friday took action t)
mobilize Idaho's resources OF men,
food and fnanceS for war purposes.
Among its instructions and recon-
mendatioDs were these:
Instructing the adjutant general Of
the militia to aid army authorities 10
raising 1daho's quota Of men, when
called for.
Urging that food and fuel supplies
be stored, to avoid later congestion of
railroad service.
Asking reports on all horses avail
able for service.
Proposing that banks carry debts
due from men who enlist.
Proposing that the state carry debts
of men who are buying state land. II
they enlist, and pay for the land for
their families If they do not return
from war.
Asking subscriptions to deficiency
state warrants If they are needed.
Proposing road improvement.
Urging conservation of fruit pro-
ducts aod waste fuel, such as sawdust.
Instruction of school children
against food waste.
The governor by proclamation asked
all county auditors to call meetings
next Saturday to devise means for the
planting OF every available acre tc
food crops.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13

percentage of the freight rate to the
cost is so slight as to offer no justitica
tion for any substantial increase IN
prices to the consumer. II may be
stated with little fear OF contradiction
that the consumer seldom. IL ever
profits from lowering OF freight rates
"Extortionate charges are a thing of
the past. and under the attempt to cut
rates to their lowest possible figure
the interest Of the whole public In the
character and standard OF transporta.
tion is subordinated to the interest OF
that part or the public only that profits
by lower rates-that is to say. the ship
pers and their agents and not the gen
eral public the ultimate consumer"
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
FROM OVER THE COUNTY
CEUR D'ALENE

Reorganization OF the boy scouts of
Occur d'Alene was affected Friday,
and go were out for the first drill.
County Superintendent r.. G. Eg.
bers has given notice OF the regular
annual school meeting AMI election
to be held in the common school dh.
tricLs Of the county April i6
The chamber of commerce has
again taken up the rold bond ques :
tion and recommends that the county
bond for 100000. This together
with what the state and the federal
government offer would amount to
$3.50, 900.
The county commissioners, f. w.
Esgate, Hans johnson and G. w.
Flemmink, took under advisement
until Thursday the recommendation
Of the chamber of commences good
roads committee to call a county bond
election to vote 5000, 1000 for roads 10
this county.
- Rathdrum was we'll represented at
the Farmers Union meeting 10 Occur
d'Alene last Friday and Saturday.
Among those from that place who
we're 10 attendance were: Lester
Satchwell, j. A. Deremore, Maude
Pilkenton, Lennie Satchweil, Rant
Satchwell, Evaline Pilkenton, e. r..
Pilkenton. f. L. RunyoD, John Get
ter, w. A. Dcremore and w. L..
Northway.-Press
j. V. Hawkins, chairman of the
good roads committee, is in receipt Of
a copy Of letter to Il. M. Booth of
Boise, state highway engineer, from
G. A. Lltz, chief of geography,
stationed at Missouia, stating that
the forestry department was ready
with $50, 900 federal money to be ex
pended on good roads campaign In
this county to be placed with sos, 900
raised by Kootenal county and like
amount from the state.
Occur d'Alene lake Is nearly entire
ly open and free from the ice that has
held the lake in its grip for the last
four months. This has been the
longest period that ice has remained
10 the lake. With the melting OF
SHOWS aud ice 10 the last week the
volume OF water rushing 10 has
rapidly raised the level of the lake.
1t is feared that unless cold snaps
regulate the rise there will be great
danger of the lake being higher than
ever before 10 its history. With the
opening of the lake freeing the log
drives the mills adjacent to the city
are starting their activities. The
Blackwell Lumber company started
its mill last Monday. The Rutledgt
Timber company started It's mil
Monday OF This week
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
Citizens and Aliens.

Boise. Care and caution by cltl-
zens in the treatment Of persons
whose nationality or friendly attitude
ircline them toward = country With
which the United States may be at
war is advised In communication
received Saturday by United States
District Attorney ]. L. McClear from
the attorney general of the United
States.
Citizens Of foreign country with
which The United States may be at
war who engage 10 improper activities
against the country or its citizens
will he promptly and adequately
dealt with, states the attorney gem
eral, but all who refrain from such
hostllties and abide by the laws of
the country are entitled TO pursue in
peace their liv's and occupations.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
Wheat Shortage
Is Forecast
Condition on April 1.---Prces.---Mobilize
Idaho's Resources.

A prospective slump of over fifty
million bushels in the winter wheat
crop is the first war feeding problem
to confront the country Offical
estimates OF the department of agri
culture the first of the 1917 harvest
forecast Is that much of decrease
although the acreage is much greater.
The winter wheat crop will be about
four hundred and thirty million
bushels.
This shortage forecasted in the
coming wheat crop has caused a
further advance in the prices of wheat
and flour.
Following Is the latest summary Of
the department of agriculture crop
report on wheat:
IDAHO Condition April l this
year, 80 per cent OF normal; ten year
average condition figures for April
ist, 90 per cent.
UNITED STATES. Condition
April l this year, SO 4 per cent; ten
year average April condition 86.2
per cent.
The first price gwen below is the
average on April this year, and the
second the average on April l last
year.
IDAHO.-Wheat, 155 and IS cents
per bushel, Corn, l25 and 80. Oats,
SO and 10. Potatoes, l89 and 80
Hay, $3.50 and 5000 per ton. Eggs
80 and 20 cents per dozen.
UNITED STATES.-Wheat, 1870 0
and SO 6 cents per bushel. Corn,
1870 and 10 3 cents. Oats. go and
42.O cents. Potatoes, 235 and 81 6
cents. Hay, $l3.05 and $ll.78 per
ton. Cotton, 18 0 and l5 cents per
pound. Eggs, 26.0 and l7.9 cents
per dozen.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
POST FALLS

G. A. Ericson's well is now com
pleted at depth uf about $50 feet,
with enough water to supply the
neighborhood. A gasoliLe engine
does the work.
A. w. Klein, who farms half
section Of the II. Knudson land just
west of here has received tractor on
trial,
Mrs. Rebecca A. Pomeroy aged rs
years, months and II days. died at
the home of her daughter, Mrs L. v.
Lyon, n ar Post Falls, April 3.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
What Normal
Is Doing
How Teachers are Trained In State
Institution at Lewiston.

Ihe Lewiston State Normal School
has for It's aim the training OF
teachers for the elementary schools of
Idaho, says an authorized press
article. These schools need teachers
with special training for their work,
and to meet this need, the Normal
school offers courses for six types or
teachers:
|. Teachers OF rural schools.
2. Teachers for Drlm.ry grades q,
>, s).
3. Teachers of mediate grades
4,5,6).
1, Teachers OF grammar and junior
high school grades q, s, 0).
5. Principals Of town or village
schools which offer one or two years
OF high school work. y
8. Departmental specialists fur
schools malutaInlng special courses In
home ecooomics, music, art aud
drawing, aud physical education.
10 addition To the study of subjects
which emphasize the special problems
met W teaching one or two room
rural school, the Normal school offers
opportunity to see and to do the
actual work OF rural teacher in four
"training centers" located 10 small
communities near Lewiston. Teach
ing In these rural training centers is
done under supervision OF specially
trained supervisors who know the
problems OF country life and the
country school.
Some OF The special matters studio d
70 the rural training course are the
school house, It's lighting, heating,
ventilation, and sanitatioD; the
qualification and care Of the school
house and grounds; the use Of tho
school as community center; the
social activities OF the community;
aud the living conditions on tha
farm. Special attention Is given 10
the study Of ways and means OF
making farm life attractive to the
country boy or girl.
Besides general courses such as
psychology, biology, sociology, history
of education, school management,
general methods OF teaching, aud
other courses In educational theory,
there are given special courses In each
of the fields mentioned above. In
other words, this division OF the work
10 teacher-trainiog makes possible
the study Of children at particular
stages Of their development, aud the
determination OF the traits and abill--
ties Of pupils Of any Of the three
groups. For example, IL a young
woman has desire TO teach hegin--
ming pupils she will take 10 addition
to certain fundamental courses, other
work covering methods Of teaching
beginning reading, phonics, number
work, language, etc. Her special
| training will also include the adapta-
tion Of music, art (handwork, such as
basket weaving, paper cutting, etc.
and physical education to the needs
OF pupils 10 the first three grades. La
the same way, teachers OF inter
mediate and junior high school
grades are prepared for their respec.
tive fields of work.
| Students who take the regular two
year course, which prepares for grade
teaching, have an opportunity to
teach aud to observe 10 the normal
training school.
During the present year the school
has inaugurated two new types OF
work: courses designed to prepare for
the principalship of town and village
schools, and training of Junior high
school teachers.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
The Streets of Amsterdam.

Amsterdam, in Holland, city Of ten
miles in circumference, is mostly built.
on piles driven into the sandy subsoil,
but the flowing of the tide and the
debris of the Amstel river have made
ninety islands, and the city has more
canals than streets. The watery ways
are traversed by over 300 bridges, so
that Amsterdam has earned the desig-
nation of the Venice of the North,
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
Idaho State News Items.


The Idaho automobile tax will be
$3.50, 900 this year.
Wallace is to have new dreproof
school building.
At Idaho Falls, $500 ewes sold for
$IOO,O 900. $I6 so each.
AT Standpoint $l0O, 900 bond issue
i>Jbeing pushed for roads and bridges.
1t cost Charles Worth, member
nf the 1. w. w. Just $25 and 30 days
in Jail to poke fun at Standpoint
national guardsmen.
The Hecla Mining Go. of Wallace
is tn declare a regular monthly divi-
dend of $3.50, 900 April 20, which is
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13
A Risky Business.

4 The maker OF a new sauce was Hber-
ally rewarded in ancient Rome, but If
the product was not relished the in
ventor was required to eat of nothing
else till he had discovered another con
diment more agreeable to the imperial
taste.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13

Reorganization OF the boy scouts OF
Coeur d'Alene was affected Friday,
and go were out for the first drill.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13

times the amount few years ago.
A kellogg item says the next four
years the upper waters Of the North
Fork will be the scene Of immense
logging operations with nearly
thousand men employed in various
camps. +
At Lewiston, April I, the police
took into custody man giving the
name Of M. ii. Kerr. who had in his
possession large quantity of l. W.
W. Stickeis labeled thus: "Why be a
soldier? Be man. Join the /. w w.
and fight on the Job for yourself and
your class"
Thirteen prisoners 10 the State
penitentiarY were given pardons by
the state pardon board Friday, max
ing total of % inmates who have
been shown clemency n the week.
There were 92 applications for
pardons passed upon.
Hog raising, chicken culture, SQUAD
growing and the breeding of Belgian
hares on back lots in towns of the
state is to be urged along with gard
ening by H. w. Hochbaum, director
| ,,f onnnfv auonts uorLinn ppdor tho
supervision of the state agricultural
extension department.
Vernon L. Henry student manager
of the University of Idaho Glee club,
died at Boise Sunday from injuries
received when an automobile in
which glee club members and some
Boise boys were driving, turned over
the embankment near the Fairvlew
bridge.
According to observations made by
w. S. Berglund, weather observer,
the total snowfall in Wallace for
November, December, January, Feb
ruary and March. was l704 inches,
or IA feet inches, as compared with
14l.7 inches, or II feet 10 inches,
during the same period for 19l5-16.
Recruiting for the Second Idaho
infantry regiment was halted Friday
on the receipt of orders from the war
department No reason for the order
is known, but militia officers are of
the opinion that the federal govern
ment expects To make new move,
but one about which nothing is being
said as yet. The regiment is not up
to war strength, but nearly 1900 men
Of the 20o2 men needed have been
enrolled.
10 an opinion prepared Friday, At
torney General Walters ruled that
the state board of examiners had the
power to prepare the state of Idaho
for war. The ruling is expected to
III Ike unnecessary special session of
the legislature. The board is going
to set about taking an invoice of the
resources of the state that they may
be made known to the federal govern
ment.
Attorney General Walters was in
structed by the state land board to
bring an action on a $4,000 bond
posted with the state by Ned Jenness
of Ndmpa, former register of the
land board, for the recovery OF $4,000
alleged to have been lost through his
carelessness in making loan to W.
A. Rankin of Ada county.
Agent Gibson of the Northern
Pacific at Standpoint, April 10, re-
ceived a telephone message from the
division uperiniendent's Office Ia
Spokane asking the question. "How
many troops can Standpoint accommo
date?" The agent answered. aftt
te'ephouing the different hotels, thai
Standpoint could accommodate g.
besides lis own company, which II
awaiting orders The perinteude0'
. told the agent that the company a.
Standpoint was to be sent to Missouli
J aad Others sent there.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-13

Senators Borah OF Idaho aud Jones
of Washington, after conferences with
prominent prohibition advocates,
have decided to lead the fight at the
present session of congress for radical
nationwide prohibition legislation
and soon will Introduce three bills
embodylDg their ideas.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1917-08-16
ccwbslIs Save Cherries.

w. A. Bull OF Igo. Cal. saved HIS
big cherry crop with cowbelis oper-
ated by water wheel.
Bull has an orchard ~~sseu, puS -
creek. His alsned bros picked .ne -
fast a. the. rugged up some ordlnekSs
10y - =. alRk siin wen er aaglA ztN
d day oF 80. or uutil the wise III ~
tncspd Tire fraud.
as q last resort Bull tried aeEef
cowbelIs In the treetops. and 70 the
tInklers attached strings. which he
ierked from his front porch. The cow
bells jangllng scared the birds away
all right and bid fair to save the cherry
crop, but Bull got tired Of jerking the
strings all day long.
Now he has q water wheel that runs
his wife's churn. SO Bull attached the
strings to the churn dasher. AS the
water wheel went It's rounds the churnl
dasher bobbed up and down and the
cowbells kept up their jangling In the
treetops all day long.
The birds we're scared away effectu-
ally and Bull saved his cherry crop.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1917-08-16

A chicken raiser cannot be COM
PEELED to keep bis chickens in an in-
closure. but he Is nnswerable for dam
ages If the injured party brings suit.
Although the supreme court gave an
exhaustive opinion ON one occasion,
declaring a goose to be an animnl and
so under the protection Of laws pro-
hibltlng cruelty to animals. 1t has
never held chicken to be an animal.
and so the chicken Is not amenabIe to
laws governing the taking up Of anil
mails IL they trespass on neighbours
property. The laws. as they are now.
are vague as far as damages from
trespassing chickens are concerned.
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1917-08-16
EARTH ROAD GRADE
Stability Of Entertainments Is Of
Great importance.
CRNtFuI SCRUTINF IS URGED.
To Prevent Damage BY shrInkass Ma
tsriai Used Must De Free From
Vegetable Matter and Uni.
formly Competed.

prepared BY che United States papart-
ment OF ARrleuliute,l
One 81 the most important consid-
erations connected with the grading Of
as earth road ~ the stability Of the
eTnbankmenta Where a road Is stu
atcd in cur and Is well drained. II Is
not likely TO be affected seriously by
such agencies as Shrinkage. settlement.
and slipping, any one Of which may In
iuro or destroy road situated on
poorly constructed ambankment. In
grading a road, therefore. the methods
employed 10 building the emhankments
are deserving Of much more careful
scrutiny than those employed In max
Ing excavations
To prevent road over an embank-
Inent from being damaged By shrink
age Of the material forming the en-
baBkment, the material must be free
from vegetable matter and uniformly
cpmpacted as II r. deposited. Where
the road surface Is TO be Of earth, tho
embankment usually may be compact
ed sufficiently 10 prevent Injury from
shvnkage by spreading the material in
relatively thin horizontal layers and
letting each layer be conpacted by the
grading teams as the succeeding layer
II being spread. Layers Of ordinary
earth, not more than - inches thick.
can be compacted fairly well Ia this
way, provided that the grading teams
are made 10 travel over the entire sur
face Of each layer, and that the mate
rial is spread uniformly. Whore the
road surface Is to be Of some highly
improved type, each layer Of the en-
bankment should be rolled thoroughly
with power roller weighing not less
than about ten tana.
Settlement Of emh0nkments, aside
from that due 10 shrinkagc, may be
caused by the gradual fIattenlng W tho
slopes or by lack Of stability OF the
ground surface over which the emhank-
ment Is constructed. The question OF
ground surface stability usually does
not arise as grading problem except
where an embankment is being con-
structed over very marshy land. II
proper precautions are not observed,
the embankment material may be abb
sorbed gradually by the marsh until
the entire roadbed has disappeared. an
occurrence which IS not infreQuent.
Where drainage OF the marsh is i'm
practicable, the lower portion Of the
embankment, which would come In com
tact with the marsh water. should be
formed OF some nonsIaklng material
that VIII cement together and dis
tribute the weight Of the embankment
over the entire bottom area. Some
varieties Of gravelly clay are excel
lent for this purpose. Where the
marshy matter Is very soft and deep,
II may be necessary to lay a wide
foundation bed Of logs. or fasclnes,
upon which to construct the embanlS-
ment, but such foundation bed would
Saint Mary's beacon. [volume] (Leonard Town, Md.) 1867-1983, 1917-08-16

Chinese characters do not express
sounds although the pitch Of the voice
IL significant. Their letters are ideo-
graphs. or writing Of ideas or things.
Hence the Chinese have no alphabet.
strictly speaking. For this reason, says
Popular Science Monthly, the Chinese
must employ an astounding number Of
characters. II takes about 10000 char
acters to print book in the Chinese
language; yet sometimes an entire
thought or a whole sentence Is repre-
sented by one characteri The word
black is one character. and so IS
mother" "dead," Eyes" yellow" and
a great many other words. With such
a congiomeratlon. Is II any wonder that
the American printer wonders how It
is possible to print anything In Chi
nese7