davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

10th, Item II upon Inv, A. certain
tract OF land, In the Parrish OF Iberia.
containing 1928 arpenis, bounded
north by Public Road, south ny
Private Road, east by Margarine OH,
yier aud west by Emma Witt, and
another certain tract OF woodland
containing / arpcnts. bounded north
bys, V. Martin, south by Mrs. Alex.
Declouet and Ccles,ine Oubre, west
hy Emma Wiltz and east by MIS-
Alex. Deelouet and Celestine Oubrc'
JOHN H. WALLET,
Administrators
l., y. Broussard,
Attorney.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
NOTICE.

New Iberia. In, Nov y, w.
Notice ~ hereby given TO ali whom
Il may or doth concern. ana " ~.
nublic in general, that We VIII again '
aunly for the reissue OF our lieense
r,r iais To conduct a retail liquor h"si
ness ut our present business s'"no
corner of West Wafhington street ana
Railroad Avenue.
DOMINIQUE BEk6EkiH'
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

Doep-scated coughs that resist
ordinary remedies require both 'Nt
ternui and internal trentmen'; u
YOU buy dollar hottle OF bAn,
LARRD'S HOREilOuND Nkui
YOU get the two remedies you nee"
for the price OF one. There IN u
uERRlck'S RED PEPPER POR-
Gus PLASTER for the chest, Tree
with each bottle. o.
Sold BY ESrOR(as DRUG co
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

lnlh JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT,
OF LOUISIANA.
PARISH OF IBERIA
SUCCESSION No. -
~~of--
JOHN d WALLET Deceased.

By virtue Of commission issued
unto me, the undersigned .Administrn.
tor, out Of the above said Gourt, under
an order granted on the 18th day of
December 1917.
There will be sold by the undersign.
ed Admi illustrator, or a duly authorized
Public Auctioneer. FOR CASH for
the purpose Of realizing funds To pay
debts OF the above said SUGGESTIONS at
Public Auction. to the last and high
est bidder, ON
SATURDAY, JANUARY 10th, 1918,
between legal sale, at the late do
miciic and place Of business of the de.
ceased AT Loreauville, La. the proper
ty belonging to the above said Success
sion, Md 3escribf uv.'&xIows TO wit
lst( ItM Upon lfv-A certain
tract OF land, Jbntainitg 1923 ar.
penis, n6undedhor.h b Public Road
south BY Private Ronv east by Lucy
GrosA aud west by Sain Cross.
Another tract of woodland, contain
ing arpents, bounded perth by >. v
Martin, south aud ej6t by Mrs. Alex
De,louet arp qeleMAne@oubre. anc
west BY Sam Erdts.
Ind IteA1 Upon Inv.-A certain
tract OF land, with all the improve
,nents thereon nj Faussc Pointe, meas
uring 30 arpents. bounded north b,
| public Road, south by Louis Olivier
east BY j. D. Wallet, aud west by Es
tate OF Alex. Polk.
Another certain tract oil woodland
,ame locality. containing II tarpents
bounded north by Mrs. celestin,
Dubrc, south by Eugene Waffck, cas-
ny Mrs. celestine Onbrc ind Yves
by Eugene Warrick.
3rd--Item 9 upon Inv IA certaii
tract of land, with the buildings ant
improvements, containing 10 Ia ar
penls bounded north by Joseph Nor
res south by Dorastan Br4ussard ems
! by Public Road and west by norastai
Uroussard.
lth--Item upon Inv. 1.-Two certain
tracts of land together with the build
| ings and improvcmentsS described n
| follows
| (al A Tract Of land containing 7 l.
arpents having front Of three arpent
on u line bttween Louia Il. Dugas ant
! Vendor--UStave Trafhn--it bein
agreed and understood that road l
| feet IL RESERVED for the he nctit OF pnr
chasers OF lAnds Of V9ndor east b.
Vendor and Vest by Octave frahan.
b. A crtaiA tract III land containing
lie arpentsl having ihe same fron
as the above lAnd on tip east aud Yves
nnes, giving three atpents bounds
south by abovd tract, horth by LUX
@omeaux, fornerly III Leblanc, cas-
by Vendor and west BY Octave Trahaf
Above properly beink leased for til
year 1918, will be sold subject to sal
lease.
5th---Item uhon Inkentory--A ce,
tain tract Of land, With the building
and improvements, Containing 40 al
pents. bounded On thd north by Sha,
and simon, south byI Private Road
east by Adam E3tiletle and west b
Nicholas Fuller.
| Uth--Item o updn lnEentory-A ce,
tain tract Of landI together with tn
buildingsa nd IMPROVEMENTS, nj Fauss
potnte, containing % krpents. bount
!" 4" a..,,. a.,a II IL p..l,I;a paas.
sa1n' su".n 80" 10y 4o''e Noaa'
"ss. W A'"o' '
i 7th-item ~ upon nventory-A GEL
rta, Ut Farspe Pointe, measuring 2
arpents, with the buildings and In
provcmsnts, bounded north by Veto
Hamilton, south by j. b. Valet an
Marie Matt, east by A. A. Duxas an
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
UIppLER-HOLLERMAN.

Married, on last Saturday even
inc. December Sth, Miss Laura
II, Herman to Mr.. Roy Hippler, at
the Catholic RectoIy. by Father
Langlois. The couple spent sew
eral days with the BRIDES rela-
,ives. They left on Thursday for
the.I Ii ,me in Baldwin, la.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

Wanted:.To Rent, one large
furnished room to u couple
or two girls. Would also
serve breakfast, Call Az
w. st. Peter st.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
FOR SALE.

Two nice comfortable homeS'
ana an 81 Peter Street, the other
on iberia Street.
IBERIA BUILDING ASSN.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

Mr.. Charles Conrad was q pur
chaser last week Of the property
Oh east side belonging to Mr.. w
A, Valet. Ii 10 being thoroughly
renovated and beanuiied for the
occupancy Of the new owner.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
FOR RENT.

4 splendid Office. In Masonic len a,an
,,,a Rn,ld,nv. second floor, well iighiea,
thoroughly ventilated. Electric isn ,,,,'
s,sam heat. sanitary closets, contrary
located.
For rates and terms, apply 70
lagard King, Secty- irs.
~ Cor Main aud Bridge SITS
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

Wheeling in the lungs indicates
that phlegm Is obstructing tho air
passages. BALLARD'S HORE4
HOUND SYRUP loosens 4 he
phiegm so that 1t can be coughed
up and elected. Price Csc, Doc aud
VI. 90 per bottle.
Sold BY SSTORGE DRUu co.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

The auto Of Mr. Ulysse Landry
waa equipped with . fender, fore
and AFT, Some OF bis friends josh
% him not little about his rear
guard until 4 ramming car nearly
wrecked itself on his trail.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

Mr.. Rosemond Leblanc Will
open q grocery store next week ID
this city. Mr.. Edward Leblanc,
OF Spanish Lake, will be manager
Of tho new enterprise
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

Mrs -. G Walsh and Miss Nio
let Brnpbacher, both OF Morgan
City, we're guests OF their sister,
Mrs. W. q. Weeks, on Sunday
and Monday Of this week.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
NO rREspAsslNG OR HUNTING

Positively no ,respassing Or hunting
L. aiiowed On my property IN the "sh
ward. undcr penalty Of the law.
- % ErplEMoN DEsoRMEAux.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
No HUNTING OR TREsPASslN'

Positively no hunting or trespass
ing IL allowed on my properly - 80
61h Ward, under penalty OF the law
~ "a JonN q. BouRu.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

ploy assistants the license ot s"eh
profession or occupation shall be AZ
follows:
First Class: When said gross annual
receipts are Three Thousand po'anrS
and over, the license shall DC Zen
Dollars, $4,000
Second Class: When said gross an
nual receipts are under Three lhou
sand Dollars, tho license shall DC Five
Dollars, 50 90
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
DANCE HALLS.

Re it further ordained, etc, that iof
the privilege Of giving dancesand bal's'
except where balls and dances arg
given for charitable purposes there
shall be paid "a license of Ten po''ar"'
1910 90
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
EXpRESS RIfSIN ESS.

BE it further ordained, etc, that AZ
foreign corporations condnctingan eA
press business within the limits 81 the
City of New Iberia. shall pay license
of Ten Dollars for every thousand
dollars OF buaincss transacted WITHIN
said city limits.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

T.. y. Brouss ard.
Attorney.
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

pistols or pistol cartridges In this city shall
pny h license tax on said business graded ~
follows.
First Glass: when the gross annual sales
ARE two thousand i've hundred dollars. and
more than one thousand dollars. the license
shall be Fifty Dollars. $50 20.
Second Class: When the gross annual
sales are less than ono thousand dollars, the
license shall be Twenty Five Dollars, Fs eo
.TELEPHoNE EXCHANGES.
BE II further ordained. etc. thatali associ-
or created by The laws or other States or
foreign countries, who may y. gage In their
own name or In The name OF their agents or
representatives In this CITY In conducting
tho business OF telephone exchange Or ex-
chaKes. shall pay nm annual license OF Five
Dollars. ID w. for each one thousand dollars
OF such business.
TELEGRAPH COMPANIES
BE IL further ordained. etc. that all associ-
uuns. corporations or companies chartered
or created by the laws Of other states or
own name or In the name OF their reprcsen-
tatives or agents In this city, conducting the
bustdess or Transmitting messages by wire.
commonly known ~ telegraph companies.
shaft pay an annual license Of Three Dollars
Moo. for each one hundred dollars OF such
| business
TRAVELLING VENDORS, Ere,
He IL ordained. etc. that ali travelling VEN
doris OF stoves. tightening rods, clocks. and
other merchandise shall pay II license aunu+
ally Of One Hundred Dollars. xl00. whether
travelling ~ pcddiers or not For every
trading company issuing stamps To mer.
chants and Mil other dealers ~ every kind
less than i've thousand dollars. Tho license
shall be Two Hundred and Fifty Dollars.
$4,000. Aud when gross annual receipts ARE
above hve Thousand dollars. the license
shall be Five Hundred Dollars. 1900 o..
That NIL fortune teilers. elHirvoyants, itin.
, Grant, vendor OF medicines, and merry ~go~
rounds Flying Jenntes) shall pay license
ozone Hundred Dollars, 500.
That all proprietoIs Of shooting galleries.
skating Kinks aud roller coasters shall pay Is
license OF Twenty Five Dollars, SIS %, per
annum.
he II further ordained. etc. IL any two
Or more kinds Of business are combined there
stall be u separate lice nse required for zach
kind Of business. Where any frn company
OF association. lease, operate. manage or
CONTROL the busincss, franchise or property
u other corporations or association or firms,
they shall pay seperate license for each
business.
THEATRES, OPERA HOUSES AND
MOVING PICTURES.
De /. further ordained, etc, that the IL
ccnsc shall To graded In two clnsses ~ fol-
lows:
First class: When tho number Of seats or
sphcG exceeds four hundred, the license stall
i De thirty Seven Dollars and Fifty tsnts.
second Class: When the number Of seats
Or Npuce n less than f0urs hundred. the IT.
eense uh1li " Twenty Five Dollars, ossU0
4 y further ordAinsd, sto,, thst the Annu-
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15
ITINERANT HORSE AND MULE
TRADERS.

BE IL further ordained. etc that
each and every person travelling
through the country carrying their
outfits, and who camp along the road
side and in public places and who. AS
a business, swap, trade or traihe
horses or mules, shall pay nm annual
license OF Fifty Dollars $1,000 J
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

pG ~ AWttuCA OI0WiuGus 0tEs tH6t &ACn
and every money broker, money lend :
err or person. firm or corporation doing
such business AS Is commonly known
~ money lender, pawnbroker or pur-
chasing time wages or salary of labor
ers, clerks or other wage carners or
or other persons, whether the same IL
earned or unearned, and whether said
business Is conducted In an Office or
otherwise, the license shall be graded
according TO the actual capital Ia use
IN said business as follows:
First Classj Where the capital In nae
exceeds nifty thousand dollars the
license shall be Eight Hundred Dol.
lars, 10000.
Second Class: Where the capitnl IN
use ID less than fifty thousand dollars.
the license shall he Six Hundred Dol.
lars, 600. 90.
MERCHANTS [RETAIL]
Be II further ordained. etc, that from
every business OF selling at retail
whether AZ principal agent on com
mission or othtrwise, license shall be
based on the gross annual amonnt Of
sales as follows:
First Class: When the gross sales
are two hundred and tifty thousand
dollars or more, and under three hun.
dred thousand dollars, the lice nse
shall be Two Hundred and Fifty Dol.
lars 1880 90
Sesond Class: When the gross ssles
are two hundred thousand dollars or
NOR, and under two hundred and d ~
then sufd dn11ara Aha t3nAr&A .a.fs g
The weekly Iberian. (New Iberia, La.) 1894-1946, 1917-12-15

Attorney.
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29
LET HOGS HARVEST SOUTHERN ROOT CROPS
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.) -r

Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture)
With hogs acting both as harvester
and consumer, peanuts, velvet beans,
sweet potatoes and chufas "a sedge
which produces underground tubers)
are becoming important hog-fattening
crops in the South. Allowing hogs to
harvest these crops, especially peanuts,
in the field is one Of the most profita-
Ole ways of disposing Of them. AS a
diet Of peanuts alone makes a soft
pork, other feeds may be used later to
harden the animals for market.
Soft hogs are objected to for three
main reasons. First, a piece of soft
pork is very undesirable piece Of
meat and is objected to by the consum-
er; second, the lard rendered from soft
bodied hogs never sets we'll and is I'M
desirable from both the packers and
the consumers standpoint third, soft
pork never cures as well as hard pork.
Meat packers question the quality Of
the meat from hogs fed peanuts and
other similar feeds that produce soft
pork, and they are not unreasonable in
doing this. as refrigeration will not
harden the carcasses of hogs fed solely
ON feeds of this character. On the
other hand, packers will not believe
that soft carcasses can be hardened If
fed the proper ration for a certain
time before killing. This attitude is
not justified, however, for there is
sufficient experimental data at hand to
prove that soft-bodied hogs can be
made firm If they are fed the proper
feeds or combination Of feeds.
Corn alone will eventually harden
soft-bodied hogs If fed during the lat
ter part Of the feeding period for four
to eight weeks, Or as a large part of
the ration during the entire time the
pigs are on feed. However, hogs will
not grow rapidly enough on corn alone
to put on a quick finish, and the time
and feed involved in hardening the
carcass makes this practice a most ex-
pensive one. This is true no matter
what the price Of corn may be, and it
is especially true at the present time
when corn is high in price.
A ration composed Of two-thirds corn
and one-third cottonseed meal is an
excellent hardening ration if the hogs
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29
PROPER GROWTH OF CALVES
9uzzIing Question to Gray Heads in
Calf Business-Much Depends
on Ration Furnished.

How fast should my calves grow?
is puzzling question even to gray
heads in the calf-raising business. This
will depend to a large extent on the
kind Of ration fed, but in order for any
ration to be considered a definite sue
cess the calves should show a gain of
at least a pound day each day for
the first six months. Many ordinary
dairymen are getting a pound and a
half gain daily.
In height these same calves should
increase from one and one-half to two
inches per month for the first half year.
The height and weight have definite
relation for average sized calves dur
ing this first period. After six months
this relation gradually changes and the
weight outstrips the height. At one
month of age a normal calf of any
breed weighs, approximately three
pounds for each inch in height, but at
the end of the six months period the
weight has increased to six and one
half pounds for each inch in height.
From that time on there is continued
widening in the relation Of weight to
height until maturity.
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29
MORE MULcHING IN GARDENS
Roots of All Plants That Lie Just Un-
der Surface Suffer From Freezing
and ThaWinq.

It would be greatly to our advan-
tage to do more mulching in our gar
dens and about our shrubs and fruit
trees. Roots of all plants that lie just
under the surface suffer from the al
ternating freeze and thaw Of our bro
ken winters The soil lifts as it thaws /;
consequently there is displacement
of the roots. Their close contact with
the soil is broken and their delicate
root connections are often strained
apart. Even our harder plants would
make more steady growth for mulch
ing.
Careless mu1ching, however, may
prove an injury rather than a benefit.
If applied before the ground has fro
zen about bulbs and f1eshy roots 1t
offers shelter to the burrows Of held
mice and invites them to good feed
supply as well. If applied after the
ground freezes it insures cold storage
for the root system until time for
safe start in the spring, as it retards
the thawing of the frozen soil.
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29

are not to be fed for more than 81
days. If the finishing and hardening
period is longer than p days, the pro-
portion of cOttonseed meal should be
reduced to one-sixth Of the whole ra-
ton, and the finishing period should
not extend over five weeks. Cotton
seed meal has poisonous effect upon
swine when fed in large quantities for
a period of more than 80 days. It
should be used very carefully.
Sweet Potatoes.
eSweet potatoes have been fed to
hogs with some degree of success, par
ticularly in the South. They have been
fed both raw and cooked, and the
hogs have also been allowed to do their
own harvesting. Numerous attempts
have been made to maintain hogs on
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29

sweet potatoes alone, but, like Irish
potatoes alone, this ration has proved
Improbable. Sweet potatoes have con-
siderable value, however, in a properly
balanced ration.
Because of the expense of harvest
ing and storing sweet potatoes, profit
realized from feeding them to hogs is
possible only when the hogs are al
lowed to do their own harvesting. If
the hogs successfully harvest the sweet
potatoes, they are doubtless cheaper
feed than corn on sandy soils that yield
from ten to Is times as many bushels
OF sweet potatoes as corn, although
the average yield of sweet potatoes
is less than 90 bushels per acre, some
farms raise as many as 200 bushels.
Sweet potatoes are considered the
best root crop for pigs for fall and
early winter grazing on the cut-over
pine lands of the South. The roots
are low in protein, however, and when
pigs are allowed to harvest them some
grain always should be given in addi-
ton.
Velvet Beans.
South of central Alabama, where
the beans will mature, velvet beans,
although a new crop, are giving excel
lent results for hog and cattle grazing.
They are usually planted with some
supporting crop, corn or sorghum, in
alternate rows Or both in the same
row, as they grow best when held up
from the ground. If planted in May
or June in four-foot rows at the rate
of one peck per acre, the earlier vari-
cites should be ready for grazing in
October and November.
Chufas.
Chufas with their small nutlike
tubers yield large amounts of fatten-
ing forage for hogs. Planted in the
early spring at the rate Of one peck
to the acre, they should be ready to
pasture late in the fall or during the
winter. Some protein food such as
tankage or cottonseed meal should be
fed in addition to balance the ration,
for the chufas are largely starch and
contain little protein.
Some Grain Is Necessary.
The object in pig feeding is to grow
pig with plenty of size and scale
and one that will fatten quickly and
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29
GIVING MILK TO DAIRY CALF
sGuesswork in Apportionment Is Ex-
pensive in More Ways Than One
Good Rule Is Given

"Guesswork in apportioning milk
to the dairy calf is expensive both
from the fact that irregular amounts
often cause digestive troubles and be-
cause more milk than necessary is fire.
quently fed" This statement is quoted
from Circular No. POP, published by
the Illinois Experiment station. Or
bana, Ill.
A general rule is to feed one pound
of whole or skinned milk to each
eight pounds Of live weight, rarely
feeding in excess Of II pounds of
either. The schedule of feeding used
by the Illinois station calls for four
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29

federal, state and county inspectors
were actively employed in the week of
getting rid of the cattle pest. When
the territory how being worked is en-
tirely freed of ticks, there will re-
main only a comparatively small quar-
antined territory in the entire South
Mississippi led with 1877, $50 herds
and 1878, 952 cattle dipped regularly
in 6,593 vats. This work, it is be-
lieved, shortly will clean out the tick
from 45,176 square miles of territory,
and free the entire state from quaran~
tine this year. Louisiana was seconG
In number Of cattle dipped and Ala.
balna third, each dipping over 100000
animals. Arkansas was close fourtli
with 648,OO0 animals dipped.
Texas, where dipping recently has
become active, is handling 5,592 cat
tie, but leads all the states in area
handled, with over 900 square miles
being worked. Florida, whose cattle
are not SO numerous. is second in area
covered, with 53,111 square miles, One
OF the most helpful signs is that the
state legislatures of Georgia, Missis-
sfppi, Louisiana, Texas and Arkansas
have made tipping of cattle to eradI.
cate ticks conlDulsorye
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29
.Qjasc[hand] .
Inflammation.
APPLES PICKED FOR MARKET
Time OF Gathering Fruit Varies Con
siderably With Variety-Gradinu
Is Most Essential.

apple marketing plans should COM
prehend picking methods, grading and
sizing methods. kind or kinds of pack
ages to use, types Of pack if box pack
ages are contemplated, shipping meth
ods and facilities, storage and methods
OF marketing the fruit to the best ad-
vantage.
The time of picking apples varies
considerably with the variety. In any
case, however, fruit should be mature
before any picking is done. Time Of
picking should be determined in part,
also, by the use to which the fruit is
put.
Grading and sizing may be done by
machinery. Some form Of grading is
necessary to realize the highest profit.
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29
ERADICATION OF TICK
Half Million Southern Herds Be-
ING Dipped Regularly.
Department of Agriculture Decidedly
Hopeful That South Will Be En-
tireIy Free From Cattle
Tick Fever in 1921.

C7rom the United States Department of
Agriculture.). s
With active work for tick eradioa-
ton proceeding in 332,251 square
miles Of Southern territory, the United
States department of agriculture and
state officials are decidedly hopeful
chat their cooperative goal-"a South
entirely free from the cattle fever tick
i'm 1921"-will be attained. Twenty
thousand eight hundred and eighty
two dipping watts were in commission
in August, and during that month 522,-
541 different herds, comprising 49,
554 cattle, were being dipped regular
ly every TWO weeks. A force OF 1.901
The review. [volume] (High Point, N.C.) 1908-19??, 1917-11-29

economically. It is impossible to- do
this on pasture or roots alone; grain
must be added to the ration. Pigs do
not neglect the roots of forage when
fed grain, but really make more eco
nomica1 use of it then when the grain
is limited. In feeding a grain ration
on roots Or pasture, more success has
been attained by giving an amount
equal to three pounds per hundred
pounds live weight than when fed in
lesser amounts. Many farmers use
the self-feeder, giving the pigs free
access to such feeds as corn, mill feeds,
and tankage while on pasture, and OBJ
tain excellent results. The practice
tends to shorten the feeding period
and produces pork with slightly less
grain per unit of gain.