New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-11-12
Bakers To Be Licensed
and All Loaves
Standardized
Only Four Sizes
Will Be Permitted
Methods of Distribution To
Be Revolutionized and
New System Urged

WASHINGTON, Nov. 11.-Steps to
,,andsrdise bread and lower prices will
Be taken By President Wilson to-mor-
row. BE will issue a proclamation
placing al bakeries under government
license on December 10 and subjecting
them 70 food administration rules pre-
seribing ingredients and weight Of
,oa7es. Prices will not be fixed. but
with the Standardization il is expected
.hs. competition will force down prices
FOR pound losves 70 or cents.
Fancy breads will be eliminated and
ouly four sizes with standard ingredi-
.r.s will be permitted. The weights
VII be enc pound, one Al ds half, two
and four pounds. The losves will have
. crease IN the middle 70 permit their
sale IN halves.
In baking only three pounds Of sugar
VII be allowed Tor g barrel Of -four,
and two pounds Of lard or oil. The
Food Administration expects 20 save
100000. 900 pounds OF sugar and the
came amount OF lard n this way. Bak-
on, nav use only skinned milk for
bread. Rolls will be permitted only II
made in standard sizes and Of reguls-
ton bread dough.
To Revolutionize Distribution
Food Administrator Hoover hopes to
work reforms in the present method Of
distribution. He will urge grocers 70
buv regular quantities, limiting their
purchases 70 6 single bakery instead OF
buying from four or I'VE, as al present,
and 70 make lower charges 70 custom
ers who pay cash and carry their goods
home. In addition, al attempt Will De
made 20 persuade wholesale bakeries 70
ssu their product direc 20 customers
who will pay cash and carry their pur-
ebases.
In licensing the baking industry.
which produces about 40 per cent Of
the country's bread, NJ. Hoover indi-
Gated no effort would be made 70 en-
courage use Of mixed -four containing
other cereal products than wheat
Neither will the administration ask
bousekeepers who bake their own bread
70 use mixed -four. Instead they VII!
be asked 10 observe one wheatless meal
DAY q week. -,
sT6e requirement that all bread shall
ne baked in multiples OF one pound
W. Hoover said, has several oDJec-
tivss-econcmy in labor of baking and
seonornv in materials, IS small breads
are more wasteful in baking than
larger loaves, and there VIII be less
loss Of stale bread. 49,,
Furthermore, a standard weight viii
protect the consumer. AT the. present
time the tendency IS 20 adjust the
weight 70 the cost OF bread IN an en-
desvor 20 maintain unit o. price: II
the bread in the country IS OF hxeo
weights, the consumer Will be aole 70 70
determine st once the cheapest bread
Three Types Of Bakeries
TIE food administration considers
commercial bakeries Of three types
those selling 70 retailers, those baking
bread for chain stores OF their own
management and the small bakers SELL
ing direct % consumers. The greatest
reform in distribution probably can De
affected In the first class. In these the
wholesale baking cost and proft repre-,
SCENTS about Ct per cent Of the retali
price. l3 per cent the cost OF delivery
70 retailers and 20 per cent the re-
tailers' profit and distributing cost
Therefore" says Mr.. Hoover, the
cost OF distribution from the wholesale
BAKERS door represents 30 per cent OF
The cost OF bread, or over cents
pound a. present prices.
Some relief can be found for that
tsction Of the community most IN neeo
q care II the wholesale bakers vii!
place bread On sale 20 cash and carry
ea.torners at the bakery door az mar
g.a above wholesale prices sufficient 70
cover the extra expense. Certain
Wholesale bakers have offered 70 do
tais, and II would result in an addi-
tienal number Of cash and carry points
q disposal Of the public.
Many Bakers Have Aided
The food Administration has had
the eooperation Of many bakers, the
whole Of the regulations have been
under 3 continuous and extended test,
and any capable baker will have no
difficulty in compliance and the pro-
c1etion q good bread.
The price Of English bread Is nov
81 cents per pound, cash and carry.
THIS bread contains % per cent Of
other cereals or potatoes, and, further
more, il IL subsidized By the govern
zent, al appropriation Of S200,0OO,OO0
having been made % finance the opera
ton"
Reports reaching Mr.. Hoover indi-
cate that since September ! from IL
% "A per cent Of the four supply has
been saved By household economies
promoted By the food administrstion'
The bakers voluntary rule against &C
septing returns Of stale bread Is esti--
Estsd % have saved 100000 barrels OF
s9gr.
nsIT ~