davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
WHEN AND HOW TO PRUNE
By L. Nj. BENNINGTON.

The pruning of fruit tree or vine, should commence the first year; but as very few of the fruit growers grow their own trees, 1t is not necessary that we make a close study of the manner of pruning nursery stock, except that we should understand what class of trees to select for planting, when we are able to make our own selection.
 In preserving nurery trees, avoid a slender and top-heayy tree that is unable to sustain its own weight of leaves. Avoid the trees that have the head formed too high. and one that has fork or crotch that Is liable to split down when loaded with fruit. and leave you with crippled or ruined tree, at a time when 1t should be in its prime.
 As soon as you get your trees from the nursery your time for pruning com mences. If you are starting an apple tree that is of dropping variety, start the head higher than you would if 1t ds an upright grower.
 Trim of all bruised and injured roots with sharp knife, leaving a elean-eut surface that will form cal Jus, and begin to send out new feed ing roots at once. The top should be trimmed to correspond with the roots. Trim of a corresponding amount from the top, to balance the loss. On the other hand if all the roots are saved, 1t will not be necessary to se- yerely prune the top.
 In forming the head of the tree, plan 1t so that the side toward the prevail ing winds will be little heavier than the side opposite; some even lean the tree toward the direction of the pre- yailing wind.
 When we prune tree, we must keep in mind the fact that the limbs and roots are co-workers; and when we re move large amount of the top at any one time, We check the action of the roots, and consequently the growth of the tree.
 The first few years after an orchard is planted, the trees should be pruned twice year, very lightly once in late winter or early in the spring, and again in the summer. It will be better to cut or pinch off the shoot in summer, than to allow 1t to grow and cut il off in the winter. The wounds heal more rap idly; and when the shoot is removed, its energies go into the development of the tree.
 When cutting off a limb make the cutting surface as small as possible, so that 1t will heal quickly. Cut close to a shoulder. and do not leave a stub to decay and run down the main branch or trunk. Try to do all the pruning possible with the pruning knife, alto gether sometimes it Is necessary that you should use heavy tools. When necessary to use a saw, select q fine toothed, rih-baek saw. 4 pruning ehisel is dangerous to use on account of It's breaking many limbs. and not making smooth. clean cut.
 The question of the best time to prune has never been settled to the sat isfaction of all good horticulturists. but in my opinion 1t does not matter much if we only cut out small limbs and prune frequently.
 As soon as the leaves have fallen in autumn. is advised by many to be the best time to prune: however, some cling to the opinion that the cold. dry
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24

war must be carried on vigorously and faith kept with the country's allies. Professor Milukoff was forced to quit the cabinet and was succeeded as for eign minister by Teresehtenk0, while Kerensky, who was minister of justice, became minister of war and marine. Generals Brussiloff and Gurko and other commanders who had resigned, were persuaded to witHdraw their res ignations. and turned their energies to- ward stopping the disintegration of the armies.
 All this sounds encouraging. and it may be Russia can be held firm to her pledges. If not, it means merely the prolongation of the war and the de- ferriRg of the certain ultimate result the defeat of the central powers.
 The United States began giving con- crete aid to Russia on Wednesday,, when Secretary McAdeo gave to it's charge daffaires S100,000,000 of the allied loan, with the specification that the money be spent in this country under the supervision of the treasury department. The American mission to Russia, headed by Mir. Root, was given its instructions, but It cannot reach Petrograd for about two months.
 Belgium got a share of the loan when Mir. McAdoo handed its repre- sentatives q credit for S45,0000 GOO.
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
TAI 0NEI |s MERCURY. I SICRENS!
 STOP USING sAuVAT|NG DRUG
Don't Lose Days Work Your Liver IS sgySa . ei ere o0s's 0' constInaed Take "Dodson's Liver TOne.-Fs Fne!

sluggish liver better than a dose of nasty ealomel and that it won't make you sick.
 Dodson's Liver Tone is real liver medicine. You'll know it next morn ing because you will wake up feeling fine your liver will be working, your headache and dizziness gone, your stomach will be sweet and your bowels reerlqr You will feel like working: you'll be cheerful; full of vigor and ambition.
 podson's Liver Tone is entirely vegetable. therefore harmless and can not salivate. Give it to your children! Erl,fons of people are using Dodson's Liver Tone instead of dangerous cal onel now. Your druggist will tell you that the sale of calomel is almost stopped entirely here.-Ady.
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
ATTENTION TO SHADE TREES

Because Fruit trees are pruned, there is tendency to prune all trees. In many cases it is inadvisable. Ex- cept when trees are just planted or when dead or broken wood should be removed, hard naples, various oaks, hickories, ashes, elms and other hard wood trees require no pruning and are better off without 1t. The poplar, soft maple, box-elder and other soft woods are the ones generally topped, in an effort to prevent breaking of the limbs. In some cases this is good practice. The danger arises from the fact that the work Is often improperly done
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24

out of it. He said, Good Then you've got two crocodiles! Whati You can't see it? Well, I'm blest ?" said he. as his wife maintained a se- rioas expression. That's just the worst of women. They cant see a joke when it is staring them in the face. I SAW il in moment"
 Then he went out into the fresh air, slamming the door as he did so.-LOn- don Tit=Blts.
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
Explosion Averted.

q hear you have been n very sick man." said the manager of the garage
 "YessHr," replied Mir. Erastus Pink ley. "Dey mos despaired of my recov- cry But l never had no doubt about it myself. jes' had to get we1l.'
 "Nhy9"
 "Well, suh, I knowed I wasn't good enough to go to heaven. An workin' h dis garage has got me soaked so chock ful O gasoline, dar wasn' q chance Of delr wantln' me aroun' de other place"
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
TALK OF KAISER kBDlcATlNG
sovereians of Germany and Austria Discuss Plan at Meeting
 in Homburg.

Iondon.-Lord Esher in letter from .'rance throws startling light, the Daily News says, on the position of the German imperial family in the face of the recent political develop ments. He quoted from letter writ ion from Berlin by Polish officer to e friena in Switzerland describing the
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24

discussion in the reichstag on the pro posal to limit the kaiser's powers and proceeds:
 This interesting letter went on to state that the abdication of the Ger. man emperor was mentioned at Hom- burg at recent meeting of the sover- eigns of Germany and Austria and that in government circles and in public reconstitution of an elective federal empire is openly discussed as an alter native to German republic, which for many reasons appears more difficult of realization"
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
A Seed Master.

There's man planting potatoes" said Farmer Corntossel, "when he ought to be playin' golf"
 You don't approve of gardening?'
 @Yes, l do. But if he'd go ahead an play golf he wouldn't be spoilin' good potatoes that somebody could use."
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24

The writer adds that the. unpopu- larity of the crown prince is so general that were an imperial form of govern ment to be retained on an elective basis Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria would command more votes, even in Prussia. than the present heir to the throne.
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24

Daylight savings is being tried again Tn the United Kingdom, clocks having been put forward an hour on April 8, the former time to be resumed Sep. tember IT.
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
LOOK OUT FOR YOUNG TREES

Young trees should be watched care fully and the open spaces in the ground about them, which have been made by the wind swaying the trees. should be well firmed down This is important after the brisk, strong spring winds.
 The only thing that walks back from the tomb with the mourners and re fuses to he buried is character.
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24

Recently invented kitchen dishes made of glass reinforced with wire are intended to be durable as well as SanitnrX.
The Monticellonian., 1917-05-24
Italian Offensive Begun.

With the passing of winter condi- tions Italy began vigorous offensive on Monday, attacking the Austrians along the entire IsonZo front. The enemy fought back sturdily. but was forced to give ground in the region of Playa. north of Goritz. In this Italy Is only anticipating grand assault which the Austrians had been prepar- Ing to make. The fighting continued throughout the week with varying for tunes, the Italians slowly pushing their way toward Trieste, their ob- jective.
 Released temporarily from the ne- cessity of guarding strongly the east ern front. Germany brought from there to France a large number or comparatively fresh troops and threw them into the struggle against the British and French. General Haigs men are now confronting greater en- emy forces than at any time in the past, but before the week ended they were in full possession of Bullecourt, the village for which the Germans fought so desperately because it pro- tecteG Queant, the southern end of an important line of defenses.
 On the French front the most violent fighting was about LaffauX mill. posi- ton even more important than Bulle- court. Again and again the Germans made desperate attempts to regain this ground. but the French repulsed them with terrific losses.
 Many burning villages behind the German front north and south of St. Quentin indicated an intention of the Germans to carry out further re- tirement. St. Quentin itself has been burning for some time.
 General Petain on Tuesday WIS ap- pointed commander in chief of the French armies in France, General NJ eelle was given command of a group of armies. and General Foeh became chief of staff of the war ministry. Pe- tain gained fame and high popularity bv his defense of Eerdun.
 In Great Britain, toe there was a sEake-up. ? general staff for the navy being formed in response to the at tacks oil the admiralty. Admiral Jel- leo heads the staff
 A gratifying decrease in the number of vessels sunk by submarines, was reported by the British admiralty. Whether this is due to the increasing attacks on Zeebrugge by sea and air, or 10 the recent destructive fire at the NHhelmshaven wharyes. or to the large number of U-boats caught in the British nets-reported to be between SO and 1O0-is not. known outside of Germany.
 one more nation was added to the long list of the kaiser's declared ene- mics last week, when Honduras sev- cred diplomatic relations with Ger many. Spain remained neutral, but barely 50.
 Premier Lloyd George offered John Redmond. immediate home rule for Ireland, excluding northwest, Ulster, or plan for an Irish convention to arrange q plan. Redmond accepted the latter suggestion.
 The United States lost one of its most distinguished and honored citi- zens in the sudden death of Joseph H. Choate, eminent lawyer and former ambassador to Great Britain.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
M'ADoo FOR SUFFRAGE.
Secretary of Treasury Hopes New York
Will Grant It.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 29.-Secretary
McAdoo last night issued a statement as
sorting his belief that women are quail
flied for the ballot and expressing hope
that they would get it in New York.
Mr.. McAdoo said: "The time has come
when suffrage should be given to the
women of America. 1t should be given
promptly; it should be given ungrudging
~; it should be given gladly. The WON
en- of the United States have in every
way, especially since this war has brok-
en- out, shown themselves qualified for
the right of suffrage. When America
energies from this war, as she will, with
enhanced prestige and responsibilities
to the whole world, women and men
alike must, upon a perfect equality so
far as their civil status is concerned,
work out the momentous problems of
the future as equal partners.
( ''lt is my earnest hope that the great
state of New York will take the lead
among the states of the past in doing
justice to its women. The constitution
al amendment to be voted upon Novem
Der should be adopted. If New York
sets such an example to the country OF
Just and progressive action it will not
be long before women realize the bene
fits of full citizenship in every state OF
the Union.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
WEST BRATTLEB0R0

Louis Moore of Bennington was a
Mrs. Clarence 5. Rider.
Mrs. John Peck of Springfield. Mass,
visited in town over Sunday with her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Henry c. Squires.
The Sunset club was pleasantly en-
tertained by Miss Goldie Johnson,
member, Friday evening Refreshments
of cocoa and cake were served.
Mrs. Florence Fennellv. nurse, who
had been visiting her sister, Mrs. Har-
Charles " Rice, South Main street,
Saturday.
Mrs. H. W Barber went this morn
ing to Greenfield TO visit few days
with relatives. Mrs. H. II. Barber and
daughter. Cherolyn, who spent week
there, returned Saturday.
Miss Ethel Whitney of Marlboro un-
derwent an operation for the removal
of tonsils and adenoids in the Melrose
hospital Saturday morning. Dr.. Lynch
was assisted by Dr. Hunter.
Mr.. and Mrs. Alton Blodgett left
Sunday for their home in Yakima,
Wash. after having visited here with
relatives. Mr.. and Mrs. Blodgett spent
Friday in Gardner, Mass, with his aunt,
Mrs. Upton.
Leonard F. Taylor 5 family will move
this week to Greenfield. Mr.. Taylor
has been employed there at carpenter
ing several months and his daughter,
Miss Eleanor Taylor, also has employ
ment in that town
Mrs Benjamin Akley was discharged
Saturday from the Melrose hospital
where she had been three weeks follow
ing an operation. Mrs. Dennis Duggan
| of Brattleboro and Mrs. George Full
| Ter of Hinsdalc also were discharged
Saturday from the hospital and re-
turned to their homes.
The regular monthly missionary
meeting of the Woman s Missionary
association Of the Congregat ional
church will be held Thursday after
noon from 3 to ) O'Clock with Mrs
l.. II. Stellman. The subject for the
afternoon will be, The New Tribe anC
the New Custom. Mrs. NJ. +. Cham
berlain and Mrs W. f. Hescock vii
give papers. There will be a thanl
offering meeting for the Woman
Board of Missions.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
Chewing for Health.

The number of diseases that have
their origin in the malassimilation of our
food and the condition of over acidity
of the blood and secretionS is legion,
and they all have their starting point
in the neglect to render the food aka
line, or semi alkaline, during the first
stage of digestion, while the food is in
the mouth, before it enters the stomach.
Many consider this as a mere fad, a
creation of the imagination of those
who are carried away with one idea.
Then | want to know why in every case
of indigestion we always run for the
soda and ammonia remedies, in their
various form of powder, tablet and IL
quid? But it is always the alkaline
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
SCISSORS SAVE LIVES.
Used by Persons Pinned Under Auto
mobile to Cut Way Out.

PIERRE, $. D., Oct. 29.-Saved from
smothering 20 death by fortunately hav-
ing a small pair Of scissors in his pocket
was the good fortune of a. F.. Moore
aud wife on their return TO Pierre from
the Black Hills by automobile. Mr..
Moore, a Pierre merchant, wife and
daughter, made n vacation trip through
the hills for two weeks, and when only
20 miles from home on the return trip
the ear turned turtle on a bad stretch
of deeply croded road
Marie, the daughter, was thrown clear
of the ear, but Mr.. and Mrs. Moore were
pinned securely beneath il. Marie ran
20 farm house half a mile distant for
aid. When the car went over a pair of
scissors in Mr.. Moore s pocket slipped
up in such way from his trouser
pocket that he could reach them. With
the scissors he cut away the cushion that
was practically smothering both him
self and his wife. In fact, he could
hardly hear his wife IS voice, even
though close to him. She was tightly
iammed under the cushions. Marie soon
arrived with aid and the car was
pulled of.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
Keep Well Column.

Contrary to common belief sewer gas
does not cause disease
Odorous gases are unpleasant and if
a poisonous kind may prove fatal, but
the danger of their directly causing
typhoid fever or any other disease is
extremely remote.
Experiments have shown that the air
in the streets contain many more germs
than the air in public sewers The con
clusion of experimenters is "the chance
of direct germ infection through the
air of drains or sewers is so slight as
to be practically negligible
The constant inhalation, however of
poisonous non-odorous as well as odor-
GUS gases may eventually reduce the
vitality so that the usual ability the
healthy body to throw off the disease
germs may be weakened.
Such gases may arise from the de-
composition of organic matter in the
home as a result of lack of cleanliness
quite as well as they may originate in
a public sewer.
Cleanliness about the home. a GER
tain amount Of plumbing maintained
in clean condition, and no fear of the
open window are factors which favor
strong vitality
Plumbing is the barrier between the
individual and sewage wastes. BY it,
ordinary household sewage is removed
from the premises. Thus you are pre-
vented from coming into direct con
tact with the real dangers or disease
germs which Turk in sewage.
Germs can be dangerous only when
brought by some direct or indirect
mode of transmission into actual con.
tact with the individual Non leaking
plumbing and proper sewage are the
important items of sanitation in elimi
mating the dangers residing in house
hold sewage.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
MISS WELLMAN is
STATE SECRETARY
Elected to Important Position in An
nual Meeting of Vermont Teach
ers' Association.

ST. ALBANS. Oct 29.-The 6Sth an
nual convection of the Vermont State
Teachers association adjourned about
1890 o'clock Saturday morning after lis
tenng to interesting addresses, electing
Supt. Margaret R. Kelley of Derby presi-
dent and voting to meet in Montpelier
October 1912, 1918.
The business session opened shortly
after 8 o'clock and the nominating com
mittee presented its report which was ac
cepted Beside the president the officers
chosen are: Vice president, Principal G.
L. Green of Randolph Center; secretary,
Supt Florence NJ Wellman of Brattle-
boro; treasurer, Supt. +. A. Hamilton of
Newport; executive committee, Supt. Ed
win f. Greene of Richford, Supt. NJ d.
Chittenden of Burlington, Miss Eta
Franklin of Rutland board of directors,
Miss Mary A. Murphy of Castleton, Supt.
Arthur W. Eddy of Middlebury, Princi-
pal George R. Stackpole of Winooski, for
unexpired term of Principal James C.
Walker of Vergennes, Principal Ralph c.
Mayo of Cabot.
The teachers in their resolutions
pledged their support and cooperation to
the state, the nation, the soldiers, the
sailors and their comrades in arms and
pledged that they would strive to keep
the pupils of Vermont in the schools do
ing the work which would prepare them
to take an effective part IN the worlds
great problem which educated men and
women will be required to solve.
Belief was expressed that the educa-
tionai outlook for Vermont is growing
brighter in that the schools are becoming
more helpful through the activities of the
Junior high schools and the promotion of
vocational training and to Commissioner
| Hillegas and the state board of education
was extended assurance of loyalty and co
operation in their efforts to standardize
the schools of Vermont.
The state of Vermont was congratulate
ed upon its ability through the generous
| gift of Miss Emily Dutton Proctor to or
game a system OF dental clinics through
the rural districts.
The membership of the association last
wear was $40, and the registration at
this convention was Jos.
At the close of the business meeting a
stirring address was given by the Ri
Hon. Sir George Reid, late high commits.
sioner for Australia, who spoke on the
subject. What America Stands for in HUI
man Progress. State Commissioner oil
Education NJ B. Hillegas of Montpelier
spoke on The Schoolmaster in the Com
munitv At the close of the addresses tht
new president was indicted into office anC
spoke briefly.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
UNKNOWN WATERWAY FOUND.
Explorers Make Corrections in Map of
Labrador.

ST. JOHNS, n. f., Oct. 29.-Chains
of lakes hitherto unmapped and rivers
equally unknown were traversed in the
interior Of Labrador by explorers rep
resenting the National Geographic So
ciety and the Carnegie Museum of
Pittsburg, who have arrived here.
The journey covered about $50 miles
over 4 route never before travelled by
white men, and was made more diff
cult by the fact that the five Indians
who were taken along as guides proved
TO be unfamiliar with the country.
The party included w. f. c. Todd,
curator of ornithology in the Carnegie
Museum; 0. J. Murie, curator of mann
mails in the same institution, and Al
fred Marshall of Chicago. Mr. Todd
said existing maps of large district
were found to be altogether mislead-
| ing, having been made by guesswork
from information supplied by Indians
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-10-29
STICKNEY A CAPTAIN.
Rutland Man Now Chief Surgeon at
Camp Upton, Yaphank, L. l.

RUTLAND, Oct 29-Dr. William
Stickney of this city, who is serving as
chief of the surgical department at Camp
Upton, Yaphank, Long Island, has re-
Ceived a commission as captain. DR..
Stickney entered the medical reserve
corps service as lieutenant short time
ago. A recent edition of the New York
Evening Sun refers to the Rutland sur
geon as Capt. Stickney, in connection
with a story of the camp.
There are between 10000 and 10000
men from the metropolitan district OF
New York at Camp Upton, which is one
of the four National army camps of the
eastern department. Between 10000 anc
10000 workmen are engaged in erecting
the camp buildings and fitting them ready
| for occupancy.