davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The herald., 1917-12-13
How Washington
Celebrated Christmas

TT is interesting to look back upon
Christmas day at Mount Vernon,
with the Father of His Country as
host and his charming wife as hostess.
Christmas at Mount Vernon In the
peaceful days which followed the Revo-
luton was always exceedingly merry.
The Virginians of those days, being
cavaliers, made the most of the holt
day, which the grim Puritans of New
England practically ignored, says the
Philadelphia Press.
Though generally serious, Washing
ton could unbepd considerably on such
an occasion. Mount Vernon was always
crowded at this period, and the cele-
bration was of a luxurious character.
The Christmas dinner was served at
three o'clock in the banquet hail."
and probably no fewer than 80 per-
sons sat down to the repast.
For this special occasion the hostess
always got out her handsome service of
pure silver, most of which had belonged
to her when, as the widow Gusts, she
had married Mr.. Washington. and there
was also a big display Of cut glass.
An oddly, as nowadays it would be
considered, was the arrangement of the
table. upon which all the dishes to be
served, including even the buildings and
pies, were placed at once. No wonder
that In such days the festive board
was said to "groan" beneath the
weight of viands.
AS a matter of course, at the Christ
mas dinner, as well as all other occa-
sions, the table was waited upon by
slaves, who did duty as house servants.
Two were allotted to each guest, so
that quite number were required. All
Of the eatables had to be conveyed a
considerable distance, the kitchen be-
Ing detached from the mansion, with
which 1t was connected by a covered
way.
At the houses Of the great Virginia
families at that period 1t was custom
airy for the slaves to wait on the table
in the ordinary plantation garb. But
at Mount Vernon many things were on
a scale Of exceptional luxury, and the
negroes who performed such service
were clad in Washington's own livery
of red, white and gold, which was
handsome and striking.
The necessity Of supper was removed
by a great prolongation Of the dinner,
at which each person was expected to
eat all that he or she possibly could.
In fact, 1t was the duty of the hostess
gently to persuade her guests to gorge
themselves to repletion, while the host
made 1t his business to press wine and
other drinkables upon the men to an
extent which in these times would be
considered most imprudent.
At a certain period of the meal It
was Washington's custom to rise from
his chair, holding a glass of Madeira
In his hand and bowling right and left,
to say, Gentlemen, I drink to my
guests" The natural response at the
instance of the most distinguished
guest present was a health drink to
Lady Washington.
Following the dinner a good, long
evening was INDUCED in with pastimes
appropriate to Christmas. Blind mans
buff and hunt the slipper were not suf-
f1ciently undignif1ed in the eyes of
Washington to be INDUCED In. The
Washington family Christmas gifts
were exhibited, and Nellie Gusts was
always called upon to play on her harp
sichord.
A colored fiddler, one Of the slaves
The herald., 1917-12-13
Our Fast Delivery

We will not dependupon the old style horse and
minutes notice We only ask you to give us trial.
The herald., 1917-12-13

The original meaning was ~
laws" by" is an old Morse !. A. 4,
meaning "town." 1t appears = :, I
names of such towns as pan IA
Whitby in the part Of Enesn .. -, -,
was overrun by the Danes IN W
and tenth centuries.
The herald., 1917-12-13

Just the newest things in breakfast
caps are Of Chinese inspiration and
among them appears the cap with
malines crown and wired lace frill for
a brim that is shown in the picture.
Narrow bands of ribbon, Joined in a
rosette on the top Of the head, sup
port the lace frill and a narrow gold
braid at the head Of the frill adds a
rich touch to this bit Of 1nery.
The bedroom slipper in the hand Of
the fair wearer Of the cap Is made
Of satin ribbon sewed to q soft sole
and gathered about the top. 1t is held
on by a narrow band of fiat elastic,
covered with shirred ribbon.
The herald., 1917-12-13

Drain, saving stock for the tomato
soup. Brush bake dish with butter !;
sprinkle with breadcrumbs; put In
onions, pour over the cream sauce,
cover with breadcrumbs and bake in
hot oven until light brown.
Sauce-Melt the butter, add flour and
stir until smooth; add milk slowly, stir
ring constantly until it is smooth and
creamy; add salt and pepper and boil
two minutes.
Tomato Stars on Lettuce.
Four cupfuls strained tomatoes, one
teaspoonful finely cut onion, one-half
teaspoonful salt, two tablespoonful
granulated gelatin, one teaspoonful
sugar, a dash white pepper, dash
paprika.
Put the tomatoes and onion in sauce
pan; boil ten minutes; add the season
ing and strain through fine strainer.
Soak the gelatin In two tablespoonfuls
cold water and add to the hot strained
tomatoes; stir until dissolved. Pour
out on plate or platter which has been
rinsed with cold water. When firm cut
into small stars with fancy cutter. Put
lettuce leaf on salad plate, lay the
small stars on and serve with the
French dressing.
Frozen Apricots.
A can Of apricots quart Of water, .
cupful Of sugar, a tablespoonful lemon
Juice. Mash the apricots through col
ander or strainer. Add water and sug-
ar. Pack ice cream can with three
parts ice and one part salt; then put
mixture in. Let stand five minutes;
then turn until stiff.
The herald., 1917-12-13
Hints For
Your
Christmas
Menu

Pineapple Appetizer
Clear Tomato Soup
Celery
Roast Duck With Potato Filling and
Broom Crazy
Apple Sauce
CGndied StCeet Potatoes
Escdloped Onions or Other Vegetable
Fruit Salad
Charlotte Russo
Coffee
Cream MINIS
The herald., 1917-12-13
Rustiness.

Rustiness.
Many people are rusty. Their harsh,
ungainly manners eat out whatever is
good in their own character.
The herald., 1917-12-13
Pineapple Appetizer.


Pare and CRATE half pineapple and
set In Ice cold place until ready to use.
Add two tablespoonfuls sugar to the
pineapple and serve In cocktail glasses
with little shaved ice. Garnish with
q half Of maraschino cherry.
Roast Duck With Potato Filling and
Brown Gravy.
Clean the duck same as any other
fowl and I'LL with potato filling made as
follows: Three cupfuls mashed pota-
toes, one cupful breadcrumbs, one tea
spoonful of salt, one and one-half tea
spoonful grated nutmeg, one-eighth tea
spoonful paprika, two tablespoonfuls
poultry seasoning, one tablespoonful Of
chopped celery top, two tablespoonfuls
bacon drippings, three tablespoonfuls
-four.
EscaIoped Onions.
One quart Of onions, one tablespoon
full butter, one tablespoonful flour, one
cupful milk, one and one-half tea
spoonful salt, dash white pepper, one
half cupful breadcrumbs.
Put onions into pan of cold water,
peel and cut into quarter-inch rings.
Put into saucepan of boiling water and
boil ten minutes or until tender
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
An Imperial Afrikander

WARTIME SPEECHES. Ry Lieutenant GenerN.
/ G. Smuts l2mo. Tie George II. DCIM Ooh-
pany.
There need be no hesitation IN &C
counting General Smuts one OF tne
foremost men of the day in the British
Empire. A Dutch South African, ne
was educated in one of the great Eng
lish universities; he was led through
a tragedy of Misunderstanding to hght
against Great Britain in the Boer war
and now he is a veritable pillar OF the
empire. Perusal Of these speeches eK-
plains the career, and shows " IN no
event 10 have been inconsistent.
He reveals himself as an Imperial
democrat. The British Empire must De
preserved. even increased in its power
il and America must in future De the
arbiters of the worlds destiny. But It
must be q democratic empire, with all
its members, like all the states oI
America, of equal rank and right. The
overseas dominions must not be gov
erned by Englishmen at London; they
must themselves participate in govern
ing the whole empire at London. Inc
governing Cabinet must be representa-
lively imperial in composition. That is
his ideal That, he AYERS, is the South
African ideal That, We fancy, is an
ideal largely cherished throughout the
empire, and the close Of the war Will
be the psychological moment for its
realization.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
People Of Interest
In Present and Past

thought, can never recover from
:helr fright; tvo.thirds Of the people
are bordering or insanity, the re-
mainder on idiotism; the defence o.
the harbor Is left 20 the care OF the
old women, who declare that had
-acy been called into power earlier
they would have preserved the town
w!:h their mopsticks. We hear that
DR.. , with about dozen ha!f-
starved Scotch physicians from Glas-
gov and Edinburgh, is shortly 10 20
20 Whitehaven, % restore the inhGD-
itants 20 their senses; but should
those gentlemen not succeed u IS
determined that Scotch architect be
employed 10 build them a madhouSe.
Another writer, in The LondoI
Evening Post" pays a well deserved
tribute TO Jones, at England's expense:
BY the examination OF the four
men, belonging 10 one Of Paul Jones's
squadron, before the Mayor and mag
istrates of Hull, it appears that
Jones's orders were not 10 burn any
houses or towns. What an example
of honor and greatness does AmerIce
thus show 70 u.s. While our troops
are running about from town 10 town
on their coast, burning everything,
with wanton, wicked and deliberate
bsrbsrity Paul Jones could
have burned Leith the other day, with
the greatest ease, and another little
town near IL; but his orders were
peremptory-not 70 burn any towns.
The greatness OF the man, though an
enemy, is ungrudgingly recognized by
The Morning Post and Daily AdYcr-
tiser":
Paul Jones, whose late gal
liant behavior would have been ex--
tolled TO the skies, if his bravery had
been exerted in our service, but ao
he fought against Us we cannot mo
l. in our hearts 70 allow him any
merit at all. Justice, however, re-
uuires that while we execrate the
principles Of him who fights against
his country we should not rob him OF
those merits which we see him pos
sess as a man in very eminent
degree. -,
In addition TO hundreds of such clip
pings from the British press OF those
days, many of them of intense interes.,
Mr.. Seitz has compiled blbhograpny
so yoluminous and detailed that we are
tempted to think that it contains rel
erence to every mention OF Jones
name in the whole range OF literature
IL is an achievement for when no
praise could be too high.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22

might be. He ran down john Dewey IN
the Adirondacks, and Bergson in the
Alps. Poincare he unearthed IN a
Paris fat: William James he heard IN
q Columbia Lecture room; Ostwald ne
found in a Saxon village, and r. I. ,.
Schiller he caught in an oxford quad.
DR.. Slosson further confides 20 US that
he had been thinking Of going TO China
70 see the pragmatist Wang fang-ming,
but, fortunately, before engaging
steamer passage or mastering Chinese
he discovered that Wang had been
three centuries dead.
Besides eypounding the formal phi
losophers. Schiller and Dewey and Ru-
Colph Eucken, our author furnishes eX-
tended and engaging reviews Of Ber-
nard Shaw, II. &. Wells and g. X. Ches-
terton. To sum up the fixing lrishman
in two words. he says that Shaw's dis
tinguishing characteristics are courage
and kind-heactedness. The significance
of Wells's advocacy of socialism he
finds in the fact that it is addressed
TO the middle classes. While the ortho-
dox MARKHAM goes in Cor working
class propaganda. Mr.. Wells IS an
apostle 70 the Genteels. OF Chester
ton, DR.. Slosson says that his original
ity consists in his genius for turning
platitudes into epigrams. Whether his
medium is fiction, criticism or editorial,
Chesterton is always a moralist, differ
ing, however, from most moralists IN
that he is never prosy, and he never
directs his preachments az obsolete
evils and deceased sinners. Mr.
Chesterton ought TO return the com
pliment and remark on DR.. Slosson's
incapacity for dulness and on the sa-
gacity. the depth, as well as the favor,
OF these essays on the writer's who are
pi,uava with rs
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
Brief Notices
Current Literature of Many Types
and Phases

Tie four hundredth anniversary Of
the Reformation, celebrated this year,
has been amply provided for in learned
vet readable biographies OF Martin
Luther. In "The Catholic Encyclo-
pedia" the refOrmer is the subject OF a
remarkable study, occupying about
forty columns, by the late Mr. Henry u.
Ganss. the musician. Foremost among
sympathetic biographies are the vol
umes by Professor A. c. McGiffert, Dr
Henry L. Jacobs, Dr.. Preserved Smith
end Heinrich Bohmer, author OF Luther
in the Light of Recent Research" Miss
Elsie Singmaster, whose father Is a
Lutheran clergyman. has in Martin
Luther, the Story of His Life" (Hough-
ton, Miflin Company. put in popular
form the essential facts about the
reformer, with some well chosen pieces
from his letters and Table Talk.
DR.. W. Tudor Jones is the author OF
an essay in theological reconstruction
bearing the title, "The Spiritual Ascent
OF Man" &C. z. Putnam's Sons). IN
which a monistic idealism is shown to
be a. once respectful toward the md
ings of science and compatible with an
enlightened Christian faith. Bergson
Is valued for mis- influence in combat
ting those rarified idealisms which eley-
ate universal concepts AZ the expense
of the eyer-fowing experiences OF LIE.
In "The Enchanted Universe, and
Other Sermons" (F. II. Revell Com
pany), by DR.. Frederick +. shannon
pastor Of the Reformed Church on the
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
Some More Prophets

SIX MAJOR PROPHETS. b. Edwin T. slcsson
Pm D. author O, Major PrPhets 0 To-day.
l2no. ID. Klr $40 Little. Brown 20.
Here are essays in philosophy. SO
sprightly that the famous yet often
unbefriended man in the street might
for once get an idea as TO what meta
physics is all about. Instead Of dis
missing the person in the causewsy as
"naIve" or as-what is the same thing
a hopeless ass, DR.. Slosson provides
a page study of pragmatism, done en-
tIrely in words of one syllable, and the
definition begins in this wise:
The one ay to find out II thing
is true is to try it and see how it
works. If it works well for long
time and for all folks. it must have
some truth in it. If it works wrong
il Is false, at least in part. If there
is no way to test it, then it has no
sense.
II was the coming Of the word prag-
ma.ism into his life that made OF our
author a pilgrim and an interviewer.
After the first delight Of his discovery
that he had unconsciously been prag-
n,atist all his days, his next inspiration
was 10 hail the standard bearers of the
new doctrine He got their names and
started to ind them wherever they
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22

prestige Of the American name. Every
substantial fact concerning him IS,
therefore, TO be welcomed, and ii is
with facts that this volume deals. We
have had romantic portrait OF the
great captain drawn by the gifted hano
OF Cooper, Augustus Buell. and MIS-.
Reginald De Koven have given US stu
diously prepared biographies, and many
other writers, American and european
have essayed the same inspiring theme;
yet not from all these has dehnltNe
estimate Of Jones, generally accepted
been derived.
Here. however, is mass OF ma
terial concerning the supremacy impot-
tant period of Jones's career the au-
thority of which cannot be challenged.
II eliminates 40 years and puts US IN
direct touch with Jones's own time. II
informs US Of the reports which were
substantially current concerning MIN.
and of the views which were taken ot
him. at the very time when ne "es
raiding Whitehaven and fighting TIE
Serapis Off Marlborough Head. we 90
not saw that all those reports we're cor
lect, or that all the opinions were Just,
The essential fact is that they existed
at that time. And, on the "hole, thty
arc considerably more favorable TO
Jones than we might have expected 70
ind them. Seldom. indeed, is he de-
nounced as a pirate or ruffian. " Priys-
teer" is the term oftenest used, and
rrore than once or twice his conduct
is contrasted, to his favor, with that
~ british officers. One writer in The
Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser
Iampoons Whitehayen for the panic
which his raid caused:
The people of Whitehaven. 1t rs
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22

opulencc. Here, from G.. p. Putnam's
sons, comes George VI. Meningitis St.
Nicholas" richly illustrated and fuller
Of the lore OF Santa Claus for young
and old than all the Christmas fancies
Of al the generations since stockings
began 20 be hung By ohimney-p
Gertrude Crownheld's Little Tailor OF
the Winding Way" with illustrations
by Willy Pogary, Is dainty child's
story. which would make one OF the
choicest Of holiday gifts; published
by the Macmillan Company. Prince
Melody In Music Land" by Elizabeth
Simpson. illustrated by Mary virginia
Martin, and published by Alfred a
Knopf, IS a novel conceit, In when
much of the science and art Of music
is given in entertaining fairy tales.
Touiours. Mother Goose" OF course.
What would Christmas be without her
Here by the grace Of Alice Beard and
the Frederick A. Stokes Company are
the "Nother Goose Movies IN eleven
reels: a fine folio which needs for It's
completion only q pair OF SCISSORS.
when. presto, Little Miss Muhet and
all the rest are cinematographed!
DR.. George Sidney Webster mas
CLEANED from the writings OF Henry
van Dyke 300 apt passages, IN PoeIlE
and prose, 20 compose calendar oil
"The Friendly Year" which Charles
Scribner's Sons have put forth in a
giIt-topped 12mo. with fine portrait
Of Dr.. van Dyke. Walter Ben Hare
has put into neat volume. from the
press of T. S. Dennison, "The White
Christmas" and other plays, approprri-
ate TO Christmas performances, but by
no means unsuited 20 other occasions.
Richard Aumerie Maher's while Shep-
herds Watched" published by the Mac
milan Company, is an attractive para
phrase and expansion Of the Christmas
narrative Of Scripture. made very di-
rect in its appeal to human interest.
The "Wander-Ships' of Wilbur Bas-
sett. with its haunting "Phantom Ship"
frontispiecc by Mary Bassett ithe
Open Court Publishing Company, is
q Gne compilation OF folk stories Of
the sea, Of the Flying Dutchman. and
Dahul, and all the rest, with interest
ing notes on their origin.
And then, 10 reach the other end OF
the shelf. here are two books which
are 10 be commended to everybody on
every day of the year. They come from
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
Where to Go to Church Tomorrow
PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL
Gburtb r.. Btlobeo Distiple

VIII SIiEEI MAX '.tDISUN AVE-
REV. HENRY M RABBOTh. >. D. Rector.
Services at 7:3o. 10. n A. 81. (Rectorl.
4. =. M Rev John A~wyrthl.
POPULAR YESPERS a. T. including Harp Solo.
"Kescrie" by Tiomas: "PTic-e." violin. cello ard
harp. by OeiscAlsglc: Blessed f. lie tha, Comeih"
hy GounOd
HARP CELLO. VIOLIN. ORGAN. at IL ard l.
CHRISTMAS EVE MIDNIGHT COMMUNION
SERVICE. Pastoral SYMPHONY" ircm tho "Mes-
siah": "Halieiu.sh Chorus" Handel. silent
Night: Wonderful Night"
CHRISTMAS DAY. 53O TO- II Rector
PGrkcr's Communion Service in =: Anthem. sing
his hsppY NOM" By Fletcher; Festival March" ."
y Iaa~essteil.
String Quaret.e Nth usual instruments at mid
!ght and Il
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22

.N INTERNATIONAL CHRISTMAS SING
fu H.. fplio,sing iansIaIcs-EnG.2h. German. ia
| a. RussiEn huiheniAl and Hungarian
wiu 10 lten al Latcr Temps,
Iith s. and "a Ave.
sunday az Ii5.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
HOLY TRINITY CHURCH.

nun hl-Nll i tIl I MN,
IcuoS Ave and l22d -.
H. y NICHOLS. Rector.
sA NJ: u A. n Hertorl y. ". iMr K!rsl.
CHRISTMAS DAY.
$50 A M-Hoy Communiog
1880 A M-Fesural. Morning Prayer Holy
Communion
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
The Last Look Around
Among Holiday Volumes

Of exquisite beauty, published by the
J. y. Lippiucott Company; an octave
compendium Of the historic and p.-
trlotic lore of a region that Las lOrg
been vau0ted as one Of the loveliest
suburban zones and which IS certainly
one Of the richest in antiquarian in
tereSt. There have been Few as AZ
tractive books as this pat forth for
many moon.
And here is VET another book OF the
same general class. HildeGarde Hsw-
thorne's "Rambles IN Old College
Towns a beautiful octave from the
press OF Dodd. Mead & Co. We have
old college towns in America-W Will
iamsburG and New Haven. Charlottes-
town and Princeton, Cambridge and
Amherst OF course, when Ithaca and
Pouchkeepsie are classed among them
those Of US who remember the days
before Cornell and Nsssar were
founded begin TO ask ourselves: Are
we. then, 20 be reckoned old? But II
is charming excursion upon which
the volume takes Us, with multitude
Of artistic views.
From the same press Of Dodd, Mead
{ Co. comes Emily Burbanks woman
as Decoration: illustrated with photo
gravures Of lovely women in all man
ner Of lovely costumes. with all sorts
OF gossip and chat and historic lore
about-no. not the things which adorn
woman. but the things which she
adorns by wearing them. from bonnet
to sandal; a glorifed Philosophy Of
Clothes. which must make the shade
Of Sartor Resartus feel quite eclipsed.
Legends and fairy tales? Arthur W.
Ryder has translated from the Sans
krit, Perham W. Nahl has eXquisitely
illustrated and +. p Dutton e. Co.
have published twenty-five COLLINS" ,"
which being interpreted means twenty
two enhancing tales Of magic and Of
mystery such as the lore Of the Far
Eas; provides with such unriyalled
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
9OOKS AUTHORS: PUBLISE1ERS~NEWS REVIEWS: COMMEl

the Macmillan Company, and they are
John Masefeld's THE Old Fron, Line"
and Granville Fortescue's France
Bears the Burden" These two finely
illustrated 12mos give Us a more vivid
and convincing insight into the wa
than almost any other volumes ,ha.
have reached this desk. Mr. Fortescue
tells most graphically and sympathe;-
ically what France has suffered, what
she is enduring and what she has
achieved, until the most phlegmatie
reader cannot repress q cry Of "Nive
la Francel" az tie recital; and Mr.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22

Heights, Brooklyn, we get an admirable
example of the preaching, which, never
dull and never trivial, is making its ap-
peal first TO the intelligence and then
10 the will of the hearer.
Sully g. Kleinteich publish Chandler
A. Oakes's "Tobytown," the story Of n
community Of birds and dogs and other
animals.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22
Our First Great Captain
Contemporary Reports and Com
ments and Blbliography

FAIL JONES ~, ezpo.s II EaS!sh Seas Du-,ag
l--k-4-eO C.t'er.t.,rAy ,-cO-ifts pr lo.+si from
Ssh newsDsI--S WITH q r,.a D.t.r b.bnozspfy.
rs Iu. q s,''f N''h ff1n" pcr !: cv.Jf. s.H.
g.. ST. T. pL..- Co.
Nh Sei;z has rendered in this pa
..c.; and laborious compilation q ser
sc. Of unique interest and inestimable
value. In al the iilustrious roi! OF the
founder, o, the Republic there is no
name more yelled with uncertainty %.
more made the subject Of controversy
nan tnat OF Paul Jones; yet there are
tew, indeed, associated with more brill
iant and heroic achievements or win
deeds which SO greatly enhanced the
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22

Masefeld, with his consummate art,
chants us the prose epic of the battle
line of the Somme, which was the ram
part of civilization against the Hun.
Incompatible books, the last two are,
for the Christmas season, which brings
a message Of peace 20 those alone who
arc Of gentle will,
New-York tribune., 1917-12-22

r. r.rDENAN WILL IREA,n
MORNING AND ENENl\D.