davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1917-04-05

You can secure q beauti1 Ill
monument for a reasonable cost
her-a MONUMENT that is of
first class marble or granite and
Of beautiful, dignifled design,
splendidly executed.
Do not postpone the matter
until later for with the advance
ment of the season our capacity
becomes Misunderstanding de-
layed delivery for late orders.
Reasonable prices and the finest
stone and work possible to obtain.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1917-04-05
business Directorv=
B. p. RICE, n. D.

SPECIALIST. Eye, Ear, Nose and
Glasses properly fitted. Office in
the Benesh & Pierce Block, Room
No. Z. Breckenridge. Minnesota.
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1917-04-05
Mutual Concessions.

"Jabs and his wife are an ideally
happy couple. They never quarrel"
SHOW do they manage it?"
HE eats everything she cooks and
Sne believes everything he tells her"
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1917-04-05
SUMMONS
Plaintiff

STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA, COUNTY OF
Richland, S., District Court Fourth Judi
ctal District.
L. B. Mattheisen, Plaintiff
The Wahpeton times. [volume] (Wahpeton, Richland County, Dakota [N.D.]) 1879-1919, 1917-04-05

First publication On the 21st day
March 19i7.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
BoWie Accepts
Place as Chaplain
Rector Of St. Paurs VIII Go to
France With McCuircs
Hospital Unit.

Rev. w. Russell Bowie. d. D., rector
OF st. Paurs Episcopal Church, has ac-
cepted the appointment as chaplain of
the Medical College Of Virginia Base
Hospital, and will leave for France
with DR.. Stuart McGuires unit this
fall.
DR.. Bowie telegraphed the following
statement to Tho Times Dispatch from
Hyannis. Mass, where he has been
spending his vacation. last night:
1t is true that have been appointed
chaplain Of DR.. McGuire's Base Hos
pital and have promised to go to
France. With SO many OF the young
men Of st. Pauls and other Richmond
churches already in tho army 1 feel
that l should share in the service to
which they go. I had not meant that
the matter should be known ut this
time. as there has been no opportunity
for meeting of the st. Paurs yestry
this month. and the next meeting will
not be until September 10. Just before
leaving Richmond, however, the deci-
sion hat 10 be made. talked the
situation over with one Of the vestry-
men who was in the city. 1t is my in
tcntion to ask the vcstry for temporary
leave OF absence. and provision will be
made so that the work of the church
may go on without interruption.
(Signed) w. RUSSELL BOWIE
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
BLUES TO GIVE MOUNTED
DRILL SUNDAY AFTERNOON
Cavalry Squadron to he Seen Here
for First Time Fully

For the benefit of those who wish
to witness the mounted review and
drill OF tho First Squadron. First Nir-
ginia Cavalry. Sunday afternoon. tho
Virginia Railway and Power Company
has arranged ten-minute schedule,
starting at First and Broad Streets
at o'clock. AS the drill will he called
promptly at o'clock, all of those
going should catch an early car to
avoid missing part of the exercises
The troops will BIO formed at the
State fair grounds. and march out to
the field near the a. p. Hill monument,
about 200 yards beyond, where the
review and drill will take place. The
squadron will be headed by Major e
w. Bowles.
Immediately after the drill. Adjutant-
General w. w. Sale will conduct a
review Of the troops. after which the
exercises will end with mounted
charge.
AS this will be the first public ap-
pearance of the entire squadron since
entering the cavalry service. in the
nature OF drill ami parade, and will
probably be the last before moving TO
Admission. Ala many are expected TO
attend. 1t may be witnessed. though
at short distance from the field. as a
safeguard from accident.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
NO MORE CUPID'S SPECIALS
War Demands on Railroads Cause
Abandonment of Semi
Annual Event,

With varying emotions. according to
the temperament of the individual, have
we stood by while time -honored privi-
leGes have been sercnely taken from
us by an all-wise government. War
conditions have claimed toll in many
unexpected directions while we, as a
nation. have acceded uncomplainingly.
but true to the old saying, sit Is the
unexpected that always happens"
One Of these unexpected and unfor-
seen incidents brought about by the
exigencies of the present crisis is the
abolition of the lonE-established Rich
mond institution -"Cupid's Special"
No longer will the youth and beauty of
Richmond hic away to Washington
twice year under the careful
chaperonage OF Mrs. j. r. Gill, Of the
Male Orphan Asylum. to be made ono,
for better or for worse. for richer or
poorer, until death do them part, for
there will be no more Cupid's Specials
until the war is over, according to tho
recent ruling OF the Richmond. Freder-
icksburg and Potomac Railroad Com
pany which. facing tho unparalleled
task OF transporting an army Of men,
must needs conserve all its facilities
to the end that Uncle Sam may be best
served.
So Mrs. Gill regretfully announces to,
prospective brides and grooms THAI
there Is no place kke homo for q we'd
ding. anyway. and the usual fall spe-
cial will not be run this year.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
LARGE CROWD ATTENDS
ANNUAL POLICE PICNIC
Event II Highly Successful md Helm.
10 Swell Treasury Of Benevo-
lent Association.

Tired but happy about expressed con-
ditions last night for Sergeant c. NJ.
johnson and his aids. who made the
annual picnic Of Richmond policemen
decided success yesterday at the
state Fair Grounds. The refreshments
were ample and excellent, and the
crowd included men. women and chill
dren.
Pat Akers and his squad prepared
the grounds for the event and Patrol
man Bosquett and his bunch acted as
chefs. while Sergeant johnson acted
as chief, and the program
went along smoothly from IL o'clock
yesterday morning until o'clock In
the afternoon.
A band furnished music, and dancing
was pleasing feature. with mothers,
wives and sweethearts Of the city no.
licemen participating. There was not a
dull moment in the entire program.
We are highly pleased with the way
the newspapers and the public have
treated u.s." said Sergeant johnson.
chairman of the picnic committee, last
night.
Six hundred gallons Of Brunswick
stew and hundreds of real sandwiches
dehed the statement that there is a
scarcity OF food in the United States.
1t was said that the Richmond Po-
lice Benevolent Association Is some
hundred dollars better off as result of
the picnic, and those who attended said
they had gotten their moneys worth,
so everybody was pleased.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
WILL SEND DELEGATES
TO WASHINGTON MEETING
Third Annual Convention or 4. NJ. II. A.
to He Held September
= and 3.

The Young Mems Hebrew and kim
States will meet in third annual con-
washington Y. NJ. II. a., September ,
of the convention. which is more than
usual just at this time on account Of
the unsettled condition of Jewish af-
fairs. a very elaborate program has
been arranged.
The most Interesting feature of the
convention will be an address by Con-
gresham Julius Kahn. Of California,
who was the leader of the administra-
ton and most enthusiast supporter in
the lower house OF Congress for tho
enactment of the CONSUMPTION law
The local Young Mems Hebrew AS
ISOLATION will be represented by the
following delegates, elected by the
various branches of the organization:
Mrs. Nathan Kessler. Miss Fannie Gel
man with Miss Dora Whisky as secre-
tary for the Ladies' Auxiliary; Alfred
Hirschberg. secretary of the fedora
ton; Joseph Walters. J. II. Johnessoff,
p. Lebarwitch. NJ. l.. Masinter and L..
Jaffe. The last two delegates are
now in training at Fort Myer for the
officers reserve corps.
The Richmond delegates on the pro-
gram for addresses are: P. Lebar-
witch, on Athletics" A Z. Hirschberg,
on Organization" and George Benedict,
superintendent of the Young Mems
Hebrew Association. on THE Junior
Work of the Young Mems Hebrew As
ISOLATION"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
MANY APPLY FOR SERVICE
WITH AMBULANCE CORPS
Dr. Lewis Is EnlistinE Men as RAPIDLY
MS They Can he Exnmined-wHI
Soon Go to Camp Lee.

Ambulance Corps No. 46 which is be-
ing organized by the Richmond Chan
ter OF the American Red Cross Is grow
Ing faster than those in charge ex-
pected. DR.. Lewis who is in command
or the corps. states that he is kept busy
from morning to night examining the
men who have applied for enlistment.
me commanding officer is now muster
ing In the company. He feels that,
taken in conjunction with the other
multifarious duties Incident to organ
izing the unit. he will be able TO enlist
men at the rate OF not more than ten
4 day.
Among those enlisted yesterday
We're: William Walton Vaughan, Ash
land; Albert Jackson Atkins. 10 South
zine Street; Cary D. Wingfeld, 407
west Franklin Street; Robert M. Pat
terson, Blacksburg; Luther Everett, 1T
East Cary Street. and Reginald r.
Whitmore. Whaleyville, Va.
There are still vacancies to be filled.
but at the present rate OF enlistme emf
Lieutenant Lewis feels confident that
they Will be filled by the time he has
mustered In the men now enrolled.
orders were issued to the members
yesterday relative to personal eouip-
ment. and suggestions were offered that
each man prepare himself with one out
At before entering Camp Lee, for fear
that owing to the great rush incident
to the establishment OF the national
army, personal equipment might pos
sibly he difficult for the uuartermas-
ter's department to supply at once tn
all the enlisted men.
Lieutenant Lewis is now prepared to
have men examined and enlisted on the
same day Those interested aprly to
the recruiting Office, 1 North Boulevard.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
RAPID PROGRESS MADE
IN FORMING HOME GUARDS
Three Additional Companies Apply 70,
Inspection md Muster Into
Stntc Service

Rapid progress is being made in va
rious sections Of the State in the or
ganization of home defense units. it was
announced yesterday by Colonel 10
Lane Stern, inSpector-gencral for Vir-
Einia, who received notification that
three additional companies had lust
been formed. Advices late yesterday
stated that fourth company would
probably be organized to-day in Peters
burg. and Colonel Stern was requested
TO forward the papers.
Three companies Just organized are
located at Roanoke, Middletown and
Victoria. in Lunenburg County. The
officers are as follows:
Roanoke. C. Cooke. captain; John
W. DuPuy. first lieutenant, and c. L.
Turner, second lieutenant.
Middletown-w. e. Conman, captain:
r. II. Tolbert. first lieutenant, and
George {. Keith. Jr., second lieutenant.
Victoria-F. X. Skillman. captain; E.
l.. Gee, first lieutenant, and .. n
Mathews. second lieutenant.
II is understood that the orEaniza-
tion OF the home defense company in
Petersburg, which is being conducted
under the direction of Henry Gillian.
Jr.. will be completed at once, and it
Is expected to be recognized by the
State military authorities immediately
after il is formed.
That the personnel of the new units
Is of an extremely high class was
shown yesterday by Colonel Stern &
connection with the company organized
several days ago at Charlottesville. OF
the siXty-four members of the company
there arc twelve lawyers. six doctors,
several bank officers, city officials and
students and members of the faculty
at the University of Virginia
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
COAST ARTILLERY LEAVES
FOR FORTRESS MONROE
Ninth Company to Have Period of In
tenHive Training In Handling
Big Guns.

The Ninth Company. Virginia Coast
Artillery, after having been again re-
cruited to war strength, left yesterday
afternoon at o'clock for Fortress Mon
roe for intensive training in the han
ding OF big siege guns. The officers of
this company are: captain. c. c. Walton,
Jr: first lieutenant, w. A. Stuart; sec
ond lieutenant, w. E. Sale.
Many friends. relatives and spectators
witnessed the departure IF the boys,
and gave them nice send off. A dance
was held in honor of the boys at Chclf's
Wednesday night.
1t will be remembered that few weeks
ago twenty members of this company
volunteered in the service of their
country for Service anywhere at any
time" 1t has been generally under
stood that these men were sent to
Fortress Monroe preliminary to their
departure for France for intensive
training on the battle front. This de-
pleted the ranks of the company, which
had before been filled to war strength.
Captain Walton then issued call for
about thirty volunteers. and the ranks
were then quickly completed.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
senmen Lenve Tor rr.,.,,r

Sixteen apprentice seamen left yes
terday morning for the training sta
ton at Newport. r. l. They were
Gordon ]. Dearborne, Edgar G. Ammons
Charles V. Allison. William l.. Arthur
Erncs; G. Cummings. Hugh A. Cant
Robert w. Irving, Thomas Mccormick
Jr., Walter w. Nickels. Jr.. Curtis r.
Palmore. Lawrence r. Poole, Carroll T.
Pitts. John a. Tuck. William r. UNI
berger. Cecil f. Wright and Jesse c.
Whorley.
There were two enlistments, Mat
thew Thomas Fulgham, Of Suffolk, and
William Howard Johnson, of Keysyillc
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
Labor Day Proclaimed
Universal Holiday
ONCE of the Mayor,

Richmond. Va, August 80, 1917.
The arst Monday In September,
known ms Labor Dny, being de-
clared by the laws of this Com
monwenlfh to be "a public holiday,
notice Is hereby given that on Mon
day, September 3. 1917, the munich.
.a Offices will be closed, and that
'"r't IN NIL city departments, ex-
"""' such work nx may he neces-
snry, which will be determined by
the heads OF the respective DEPART
ment", will lie suspended during
the whole of Tint day.
GEORGE AISSLIE,
Mayor.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31

Alex Etosh has been discharged from
virginia Hospital and was shaking
hahds win his friends yesterday. Etosh
was seriously wounded by Albert
kaleel several weeks ago in local
theater when Etosh took him to task
Tor accompanying his wife to the
snow. kaieel was killed after he shot
Etosh In battle with the police. Mrs.
Etosh Is awaiting hearing on a
of her husband
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31

Petty thievery seems to be on the
increase in Richmond. Bicycles are
the particular hobby of these choice
thieves. Within the last two days.
three cases of stolen bicycles have been
reported to the police.
Aubrey Ellet. 1017 West Clay Street.
reports that he had bicycle stolen
from in front Of the Blucbird Theater
at o'clock yesterday afternoon.
Walter Eubank, sol South Meadow
Street. had bicycle stolen from in
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
The following claims for exemption
were acted on yesterday by the local
board for Division No ]:
WOULD RETAIN JOBS
Sslncilmnn Moore to Oncr Ordinance
Positions to Those
Who Go to War.

rho question of whether jobs OF the
(4lktSd men in the army or in the navy,
fx1pusly employed by the city, will
RETAINED for them until the war is
NOR earlier upon being honorably
hnfged, will be placed before the
mon Council by Councilman John
Moore, of Madison Ward. next
day night. This measure also in
1athose now in the city'a service
may be drafted. Because of the
nrity already manifested in the
re-, and which is Increasing with
pse OF time. all Indications point
being favorably received by the
pyees Of many business concerns
ity who have been called to the
ave been granted the privilege
ning to their old jobs, follow
cessation of hostilities Now
Councilmen are taking active
in the welfare of the city's
ID expected that many other
Will follow the example.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31

ond Street, is rapidly recovering at
Sarah Leigh Hospital Norfolk 1t was
reported yesterday. MIR. Myers is
purser on the Old Dominion steamer
Berkeley and was stricken with partial
paralysis at Norfolk on Monday evening
when about to board the steamer for
Richmond He became speechless and
lost the Use OF ono side of his body.
He is said to have regained partial
use OF his arm and limb and to be able
to converse
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
Accused Woman shoot. uer.e,r.

firing OF this world, Stella Ward, Of
Hopcwell. who on August % was dis
charged by United States Commissioner
f1egcnheimer for selling whisky
on account Of the absence OF
the government witnesses. shot her
self yesterday morning, and as a re-
suit lies lowering between life and
death. Dependency on account of an
unusual amount OF trouble was the
only cause assigned for her act.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
Certified for Army service.

r. N. Kanary (No. 379), NY east
Clay street. stated yesterday that he
has made no claim for exemption. He
merely reported to the local board of
DIVISION No and was certified The
district board approved this certifica-
tion' but through error his name was
listed as having been denied exemption.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
only TWO INDUSTRIAL
CLAIMS ARE ALLOWED
OF Many Cases Heard. Board Is Sat.
isfied That These Two Men
Are Indispensable.
Boa&D is HARD AT WORK
VIII Have First Quota Ready to Re
port at Camp on September s.
List Is Certified for Division 8, Of
Richmond,

49, Carrying out the principle that only
SthoRe be exempted who are absolutely
Indispensable to the industry the dis
B trtet exemption board for tho Eastern
& District of Virginia has allowed thus
Tar the claim for exemption on indus
trial grounds of only two men. Will
liam F. Drummeller, OF Richmond. chief
clerk In the offices of the Chesapeake
and Ohio Railway Company, and Will
liam HI. Edwards. of Loudoun County,
chemist employed in one OF the in
dustries OF Pittsburgh. Pa. The board
announced that very few claims on the
ground of being engaged in agricul-
.ture have had sufficient evidence to
warrant the board i'll eXempting the
claimants, the number of discharges al
together being less than 10 per cent.
The two men securing exemptions on
industrial grounds are the only ones
out of over $50 claims, and these men
were exempted only after thorough
s examination of the contentious and the
establishment of the fact to the salts
faction of the board that they were in
4 dispensable to the positions that they
occupied.
WILL DE READY WITH
lSeas FIRST QUOTA on SEPTEMBER s
ls@sWork on the cases before the board
Sts being carried on witt great rapidity
sEoathat the district can get its quota
Sready by September 5, the time set
I for the mobilization of the first per
cent of the first draft.
s According to orders received from
cases may be rcopencd by
local boards for the purpose of passing
l2pon them in conformity with the new
ltngs OF tho President. provided, how
er, that this is done prior to the
ne the men are ordered to report at
mp. The district board must be noti-
pd of all such cases rcopencd.
Following is list of the Men ccrti-
pa to the local board in division by
he district board yesterday:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
WILL DE READY WITH
$SS FIRST QUOTA on SEPTEMBER &

No. Names and Address No.
Gaafsaac B udma;n. "a a26 V H. s Seeon nsn II
56s-James Lee. 715 N. Second. ...... 10
FSSS-Zack Raines. EOS y. Fourth. II
YssMaiter Greem Sic i e. F ed rail.h =
Edess-William Angel. 92l Short 18th. 3.
$ss4s-Leonard Pitts. eos Z. Leigh. 36
3I255-John Hughes. a. Wood ......... "a
I.S1o-Wilbur j. Scott. 904 l.. Turpin.... at
d264--william Gnrnctt 745 n. Fifth. 30
(sst>oseph s. Martin. 1929 Baldwin. o.
|dd3S-Solomon Gibbs. 1913 Short 18th. 81
s as4--Is R,isn,y 1877 Gehar ,;, ,99
17e5:-Clarence w. Carter. 1916 n. I'D. 40
sal40-James NJ. Foster. lo5 Fritz....... 100
.2S0S-Howard Payne. !? y. 25th....... 1926
,2sSs-Jnlius y, Tuck. 1910 y. 2lst. 800. 1874
fl73l-Wiliie Harrison. I'll y. Ninth. 49,
l962S-William Cowans. 40 l.. Leigh. l63
I 22S-Clarencc IL. jackson. 403 Poe. ID. los
Ise esaf; "; Banks ISIS LiitlepaGe.. lSs
4 97e-Harry II. Lee, 613 y. Second -. 1874
:542-Julian p. Todd. 5li Fourth Ave. 2o6
s26h6-Otis Jones. T15 \. Fourth. $500. 212
S-Henry w. Hin. 1922 Fairfield 23l
l0-E Eddie r. Bohannon, 2io2 VcnabIe. 2I2
f2ELee Myers 2o7 +. Duvai. ...... 24a
At3-John p. Allen. 1902 Stewart. .... 263
- 3S---Fetys N oiladny. G2O Fourth Ave. 26s
1stS-Benj B. BraNton. aoo Second. " 800
g2s62-Percy w. Allen. COZ N SIXTH. 29l
a1S7o-Wllic Clemens. 1929 Ccdar..... 2ea
(. SSg-James L. Mifleton. 1906 Mostly. eos
i20Is-John O: Garnet. 52e y. Second. o99
S1SQs-Wilie Green. 1l0l y. 18th. ..... 3OS
S14l7-Wniter Henderson. GA y. Fifth. ali
bs42t-Wiliam Wright. GA y. l7th 3lI
Y135t-Thomas J. Rcddin. 507 y. Fifth IA
~ 6T9-John T. Hazard. ......,... Denied
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-08-31
LIST OF MEN FOUND TO RE
Sa PHYSICALLY DISQUALIFIED

/
2SS The local board for Division No. .
yesterday issued the following list of
persons examined for army service and
found to be physically disqualified:
Joseph Mason. 0S W. Leigh:
Alfred Oswald Carleton. 2226 Stuart Ave.
Fred % lille 1SS w a Dnral
I s@sS M H!l1f sus y sss s A. Leigh
R Rsnsst Fis Ss son 7st " " 6 Marsnal
Jules Kirby Bohannon. iii *. Meadow.
Sherry Walden. 500 Kenny.
Louis Deitchman, S2S w. Lee.
HeaureEard Iohnsen; iOl4 Bacon.
Genni. 4 Aen4y s3s W rss g. Harrison
MeGE AaisyI ne fT s,s
5spj. irving .TimbeEIsks. 5is ii Clay
Alien Siass!e Coliawn. 2l2 W. Marshall.
~ Hunter Capers Slcdd. GO Chamberlayne
EyeIett Russell Fe5Eusop. 2i6 W. Clay.
Wills Ieama 1niI To2 w. sd LeiEh ,s,r,
ACCEPTED FOR SERVICE
IN NATIONAL ARMY
THE local board for Division No. .
Yesterday issued the following list of
men examined for army service who
have made no claim for exemption:
Edgar Exams al W: .Duyal.
Specimen Aston: 1910 cat J
joseph 8Bo n, n S2G w. Leigh. e''''
Leslie Bouldin. BIS Kenny.
p F4anN Mills MIL G ssn% x Il T." Henry
Peyton Stark Lewis. :4o7 Davis Ave.
Johnni Harris. 2l4l Thomas.
., Emanuel Joseph Kenny. us w. Leigh.
2 2sn!si MHnfsTd BT@nGh " Leigh
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1917-03-01
Spray For Cabbage Pest.

| have been making specially OF
onions and cabbages but have been
much troubled With green worms
writes a correspondent OF the Ameri-
can Agriculturist. | have tried differ
ent formulas but have now found one
that have never seen in print. Ii is
doing me more service than any ! have
tried Here il is: Take half pint
crude or raw petroleum oil and add
half teaspoonful of potash Shake
these we'll together To this add ten
gallons of water and a little paris
green or arsenate of lead. 1t will Kill
the worms and will stick to the leaves
until the cabbage grows apply this
preparation with compressed air
sprayer. throwing 1t well into the loose
heads and over the tender leaves. The
preparation mixes smoothly and evenly
and will not injure the foliage In any
way. 1t must be thoroughly mixed to
he effective.