davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
Mar. 3-1O-17-24, 1917
FALl-ACI0US ARGUMENT.
Contention That Trade Unions Do Not
represent the Labor Movement,

Contention That Trade Unions Do Not
Represent the Labor Movement.
1t Is often urged against organized
labor that the despotism and really
oppressive features of trade unions
consist in the fact that their member
ship never includes more than q small
minority of the whole wage class for
which they pretend to speak. Trade
unions, on this theory, have no right to
speak for the laboring class unless
their membership includes at least a
majority Of the class.
On this principle there Is not polit-
ical party, nor church, nor an organ
ization of any kind that would have
right to speak. IL we say that trade
unions do not represent the interests
and sentiments Of their class because
their membership roll does not contain
majority of the members of the class
we might say that the churches do not
represent the Christian sentiment of
the community, for surely it Is. true
that the membership roll of the
churches does not include a majority
of the community.
We might say that the Republican
and Democratic parties do not repre-
sent the Republicans and Democrats
In any community because the men,
bership rolls of the organizations do
not contain a majority Of the voters of
each political faith in that community.
BY that test there could be no parties.
The argument is contrary to all hui
man experience In group action. Rep
resentation seldom includes majority
of the whole, never the whole. The
truth Is that representation in volun-
tary organizations includes the active
spirits who voice the sentiments silent
ly acquiesced in by the rest The idea
that the organization does not repre-
sent body because its membership
rolls do not include the majority of
those interested has no experience
whatever to rest upon. 1t is a sophis-
teal bubble, invented by sophist In
special pleading against the laborers.
and is applied to no other form of So
cial or political organization. Brick
layer and Mason.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
TO CHARLEY DOWNS

Lula Downs VS.. marley Downs
State of Tennessee, In Chancers
Court OF Knox Go. No. 1ol75g5
In this cause, ~ appearing from Tilt
oil filed, which is sworn co. that the
defendant Charley Downs is nom
resident of the state OF Tennessee, so
the ordinary process cannot be
served upon him, it is ordered that
the defendant appear before the
Chancery Court, at knoxville, Ten
nessee, on OF before the 1st Mon
day of April next. and make de-
Tense 10 said bill, or the same will
be taken for confessed and the cause
set for hearing ex parte as to him,
This notice will be published in
the KNOXVILLE INDEPENDENT
for four consecutive weeks.
This 9th day of Feb. 1917
J. C. FORD. elk s. Mas
S. E. Hodges, SOL
March 3 10 II "a 1917 ....
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
With, reference to the ethnology of the
French people, are they not about equal
Ix Gallo and Germanic (Erankl2

With, reference to the ethnology of the
French people, are they not about equal
Iy Gallo and Germanic (Frank)7
At the time of the division of the en-
nire Of Charlemagne between his three
grandsons, which was made a lasting
and definite political separation by the
treaty of Verdun, A. d. 843, the people
Of the west western Europe) had come
to be divided, historians point out, with
more and ts.ure distinctness into two
, classes-those composed of Franks and
Germans, who still adhered to the Teu-
| tonic dialects, and those composed of
| Franks, Gallo-Romans and Aquitani-
ans, who used the Romance dialects, or
the patois which had grown out of
corrupted Latin. The former chung to
the name Of Germans, while the latter,
not to lose all share in the glory of the
Frankish name. began to call them
selves Franci and their country Fran
cha Nova, or New France. Francia
was the Latin name Of Frankenland
! and had long before been applied to
1 the dominions of the Franks on both
sides Of the Rhine. Their country was
then divided into East and West Fran
cha.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
TO ELLA ROBERTS

M c. Roberts VS.. Ella Roberts
State of Tennessee, In Chancery Court
of Knox County. No. 1887
In this cause. it appearing from
the Dill filed which is sworn to, that
the defendant Ella Roberts is 2 non
resident of the State Of Tennessee
so that the ordinary process cannot
be served upon her. 1t is ordered
that said defendant appear before
the Chancery Court at Knoxville,
Tennessee, on OF before the lot
Monday OF April next. and make
defense to said bill, or the same will
be taken for confessed and the
cause set for hearing ex-parte as to
her. This notice will be published
in the Knoxville Independent lot
four successive weeks.
This 23rd day of FEB. 1917
!. G. FORD, Clerk & Master.
L. @. Ely, Sol
Feb. "a March 3 10 = 1871
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17

Modern Industrial Conditions Subject
Female Toilers to Great Hardships.
We want the eight hour day. That
will be our slogan. With forty state
legislatures and congress In session
during the next year we will carry on
campaigns to make the eight hour day
universal for women throughout the
country, writes Agnes Nestor in the
Survey.
When we go before the state legisla-
lures and to congress with our eight
hour bill we will not be presenting q
new or radical measure We will be
asking only for what has been enacted
into law by California, Washington,
Colorado, Arizona and Wyoming and
by congress for the District of Column
bia. These laws have been in effect a
sufficient time to see them fairly tried
out, and industries. laundries, stores,
hotels and restaurants have been regu-
lated to an eight hour day.
This same legislation has been pend
ing before legislatures In many of our
states for several years. Our legisla-
tors are acquainted with the measure,
and in many districts it has been made
an issue during the campaigns, partic-
ularly this last year. 1t was suffi-
cient issue in Illinois to have the state
Democratic convention insert In its
platform the plank declaring for an
eight hour day for both men and wo-
men. The state Republican party de-
clared for reduction of hours for
women, and we expect them to inter
pref this as an eight hour day.
The National Women's Trade Union
league is ready for this campaign both
through its national and its local
leagues. Interstate conferences on the
eight hour day have been held In the
New England states, eastern and mid
die western states, under the auspices
of the league in these sections of the
country and with the cooperation of
the National Consumers league.
When we consider that forty years
ago Massachusetts, passed the ten hour
law as health measure we realize
how slowly legislation has progressed.
With all the specialization In the
trades, the introduction of machinery
Il the place Of hand work, the speed
ing up of machinery, the extension of
the piecework system. all Of which
means greater strain on the workers,
there has been no comparative reduc-
ton in hours. Under our industrial
system of today the eight hour day
would not bring the relief to the work
ers that the ten hour day did in Massa-
chusetts forty years ago.
The question Of how the shorter
work day would affect the employers
business has always been the question
raised by legislators. The question of
the injurious effect of long hours upon
the health of the working women and
the future race Is unasked.
Another measure Of benefit to work
ing women that we are interested in Is
the easel bill to establish woman's
division in the department of labor.
We look for the passage of this early
next year by congress. Since 1909 the
Woman's Trade Union league has adj
vocated this bill, and 1t was indOrsed
In that same year by the American
Federation of Labor convention.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17

What MIR. Wilson Proposed to the
Heads Of the Railroads Involved-Re-
ply Of the Heads Of the Various Lines.
Demand of the Union For an Eight
Hour Day Only.
The proposal that President Wilson
made to the railroads was:
First-To adopt the eight hour day
"as basis for wages, even where the
actual work to be done cannot be COM
pleted within eight hours" to quote
the presidents words
Second.-To increase the hourly rate
of pay % per cent.
The result of the acceptance Of this
proposal would be:
First.-No change in the length of
the train workday.
Second.-An increase In wages of
more than $50,000000 year to about
four-fifths of the train employees, or
less than one-seventh of all railroad
employees. In other words, an unfair
wage preferment would be granted
without investigation and under threat
of a national strike to one man in
seven in the railroad service.
If these wage demands are just, in
whole or in part, then public tribunal,
appointed by the president, as we have
urged, would speedily so determine.
The weight of public opinion must
determine this ISSUE We cannot be-
lieve that it is the calm judgment of
the country that we should sacrifice
the principle of arbitration in indus
trial disputes under threat to tie up
the commerce of the country.
The railroads statement was:
That the railroads should grant, I'M
der threat of a national strike, $780,
100000 wage preferment to a small
minority of their employees without a
hearing before a public tribunal is in
conceivable in a democracy like ours.
All questions at issue-wages, hours,
costs, operating conditions these IRE
submerged by the greater issue: Shall
arbitration be abandoned in the settle
ment of industrial disputes?
If we are to throw arbitration into
the scrap heap what hope can there
be in America for industrial peace in
the future?
A nation wide strike is unthin le
when the railroads are urging tina II
the matters in dispute be placed Ybe-
fore any tribunal constituted by public
authority.
Arbitration is urged by congress- as a
final method for settling controversies
railroads. The Newlands law Of 1913
was enacted by unanimous request of
the four railroad brotherhoods and the
representatives of the railroads, and
yet the leaders who urged this law
now take the position that question
of hours is beyond arbitration.
But wages, not hours are involved
in these demands. No proposal has
been made to establish an eight hour
work day. The demand is for an
eight hour pay basis, and this is the
Interpretation given by the president
in the proposal now before the rail
roads The employees have emphat-
ically made it known that they do
not want eight hours work for eight
hours pay--a real eight hour day.
The brotherhoods' stand is this
"The railway brotherhoods subscribe
to the principle Of arbitration," said A.
B. Garretson, president of the Conduc-
tors, "but what they object to is larbi-
tration in this instance, for the men do
not believe they should get any less
than the eight hour day"
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
L-ABoR's RIGHTS.

4 Recently the United States cir =
/ cult court Of appeals has hand =
4 ed down a decision at st. Paul =
4 intimating that. in the belief OF =
4 these judges a strike may be a =
+ conspiracy in restraint of trade =
4 regardless of the Clayton act. =
i The United States supreme court =
4 has yet to pass on labor's bill OF =
4 rights, and there was never =
4 time when labor had greater
i need of public officials at Wash =
4 ington who will give more than !
+ lip service to the ideals of free
4 dom and democracy.-John z.
4 White, President United Mine
+ Workers
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
j. w. Saylor, Sol.
March 5 10 II "a 1917
TO FRED GILBREATH

Cornelia Gilbreath VS. Fred GllEreath
State vi leniiCSSee, ia GllancerS
Court OF hnOA county NO. loloz
iii TINS cause, IL appearing from
the bill filed, which Is sworn TO, that
the defendant, treu Glaoreath is d
NONRESIDENT OF tennessee, so that
ordinary process cannot be served up
on hun. 1t is ordered that SAID defnu
ant appear before the Chancery
Court, at knoxville, tennessee, ON 0.
before the nrst MONDAY Oh Aprll
next, and make defense TO said bill, or
the same Will be taken for confessed
ana the cause set Tor nearing ex parUe
DIS to nun, Inns notlce wliI be pup
nshed IN Che knoxville independent
Ior four consecutive weeks.
This 18th day OF Feb. 1917
j. Z. FORD, Z. Il III.
j. w. Saylor, Sol.
Marcn ~ II A 1917
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
Ndtcc N IlCcS COlE D.
Feb. "a March 3 10 II 1917
NONRESIDENT ATTACHMENT
NOTICE
TO LOWER HIG NILE OAl.
MINING COMPANY

Jewett. Bigclow & Brooks VS.. Low
~ iiigaite "a! Ifalag Company; Ut as-
State of Tennessee; In Chancery
Court Of Knox County, No. is 72
La this cause it appearing from the
bill filed, which is sworn to, that the
observation-disclosures Hignite Coal Min
ing Company, are justly indebted to
JewetI bigelow Il Blocks compliments
are non-residents of the State of
Tennessee so that the ordinary pro-
cess OF Law can not be served upon
them and an attachment having been
issued and levied on the defendants
property, it is ordered that said de-
PENDANTS appear before the Chancery
Court at Knoxville, Tennessee. on or
before the first Monday of ADril next.
and make defense to said bill or che
same will be taken for confessed and
set for hearing ex parte as to them.
This notice will be published in the
Knoxville Independent or rOur con-
secutive weeks.
This Sd day of March 1917
J. G. FORD, Clerk & Master.
A, C.. Grimm. Sol
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
TO ALLIE MOkGAN
Lee Morgan VS.. Alice Morgan

Lee Morgan VS.. Alice Morgan
state OF tennessee. All Llianctry
Court Oh knuA county, NO. AeUAU
Ia LnlS cause, IL appearing from VI
bill Hled, winch Is sworn 10, that The
ueIenuaACs AIlce Morgan whose res
lueuce Is uuhnUNn auu CaAhoL We DIS
uerUaIneu Ill ter unlgent inquiry 81 tnat
Tie Urulllary process cannot DC
selNsu UPON Aef, 1t ~ ordeIeu Lndt
sdIu ueIendaAL dppear before Lne
LnAuCeLy LUuIL, d. 4lIc, eAAes
see, Oh VI before Tie ISL Monday Oh
April neat, aha uIahe ueLeAse 70 saiu
uAl4, or the same Wlll be taken Tor con
lesseu anu me cause SCI Tor Nearing
eA parte as to her. TINS notice Will
VT puuIIsutu Ia Inc hnoAVAIIS Ande
peuGeuL LOr Eour successive WeeKs.
inns 9th day OF FEB 1911
}. Y. FORD. Clerk OF Master.
=. W. oaylar, Sol.
March . ~ IL "a 1917
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
10 EMORY HUDDLEsToN

III T. MON4 T1ODlJLES YIN
May Huddleston VS.. Emory Huddleston
State of Tennessee. In Ghancery
Court OF Knox County. No. 1879
In this cause, 1t appearing from
the bill filed which is sworn TO. that
tn, defendant Emory Huddleston is
nonresident of the State of Ten
nessee, so that the ordinary process
cannot be served upon him, it is
ordered that said defendant appear
before the Chancery Court, at Knox
willie, Tennessee, on or before the
llrst Monday OF April next. and
make defense to said bill, or the
same will be taken for confessed
and the cause set for hearing ex
parte as to him. This notice will
be published in the KNOXVILLE
for four successive
weeks. This End day of March 1917
j. G. FORD, C. Il M.
j. w. Saylor, Sol.
March 5 10 II "a 1917
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
TO SUSIE AMBUR STER<
Will Amburster VS.. Susie Amburster
In Chancery Court Of Knox County.
"A ~ No 161ky


In Chancery Court of Knox County.
State OF Tennessee, No. l5l6z
In this cause, it appearing from
the bill filed which is sworn to, that
the defendant susie Amburster lie
a non resident of the State of Tenn
essee so that the ordinary process
cannot be served upon her, it is Or
dered that said defendant appear be-
fore the Chan3ery Court, at Knox
vile, Tennessee, on or before the
first Monday Of April next. and
make defense to said bill. or the
same will be taken for confessed
and the cause set for hearing ex
parte as to her This notice will
he published in the KNOXVILLE
INDEPENDENT for four successive
weeks. This 22nd day of Feb. 1917
J. C. FORD, elk q Mas
W. F. Yardley Sol
Feb. "a March 10 II 1917
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
TO ROBERTS HAYES PILKELL

ITO ROBER / HAYES PILKELL
Anna Pickell VS.. Robert Hayes Pickell
state of Tsnnessea. Ia Chancery
Court OF Knox County No. 1851
In this cause, it appearing from the
bill filed, which is sworn to, that the
defendant Robert Hayes pickell is 3
nonresident OF the State Of Tenne-
ssee, so that the ordinary process
cannot be served upon him. it is Or
dered that said defendant appear
before the Chancery Court. at Knox
vile, Tennessee, on or before the
lst Monday OF april next and rn"'
defense to said bill, or the same
will be taken for confessed by him and
and the cause set foP hearing OK
parte as TO him. This notice will be
published in the Knoxville Inde-
pendent for four consecutive weeks
This 23rd day of feb 1917
j. C. FORD, Clerk and Master.
Paris Haynes, Sol.
Feb "a March 10 II 1917
TO JULIA HARRIS AND Ell
Wis TIDD
A. 5. Harris VS. Julia Harris
State of Tennessee. In Chance"
court Of Knox county No. 15208
In this cause, 1t appearing from thu
bill filed, which is sworn to, that the
defendants, l. julia harris and f :
viSTidd are non residents of the
State OF Tennessee, so that the or
binary process cannot be served
upon them, it is ordered that said
defendants appear before the Chan
Gerry Court, at Knoxville, Tennessee,
on or before the first Monday Of
May next, and make defense to
sala bill, or the same will be taken
for confessed and the cause set for
hearing ex parte as to them. This
notice will be published in the
Knoxville Independent for four
consecutive weeks.
This 18th day of March 1877
j. C. FORD, C. & M.
Roy n. Beeler, Sol.
Mch. .17-24-31. Apr 1917
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
TO ALEX LAVAS alias GRE
GORIOo CAVALARlS

John {. Cavalaris VS.. ]. A. White ct al
In Chancery Court OF Knox County.
OF Knox County. No. 1902
In this cause, it appearing form ths
cross bill filed. which is sworn to,
that the defendant Alex Cavas alias
Gregorios Cacavas is non resident
of the Staet Of Tennessee, so that the
ordinary process of law cannot be
served upon him. it Is ordered that
said defendant appear before the
Chancery Court at Knoxville, --enn.,
on or before the first Monday OF
April next, and make defense TO
said bill. or the same will be taken
for confessed and the cause set for
hearing ex parte as to him. This
notice will be published in the
KNOXVILLE INDEPENDENT for
four successive weeks.
This 24th dav, Of Feb 1917
]. G. FORD, Clerk q Master.
ROY A. JOHNSTON, Trustee.
Feb "a March ! 10 II 1917
NONRESIDENT ATTACHMENT
NOTICE.
10 /. H. KYLE Jr.
Samu | Booher VS. l II Kyle Jr.
State of Tennessee. In Ghancery
Court of Knox County. NO. 1876
In this cause, it appearing from
the bill filed which is sworn to, that
the denfendant l. H. Kyle Jr. is justly
indebted to the Complainant samuel
Boomer ano that the defendant Is
nonresident of the State of Ten
nessee, so that the ordinary pro-
cess cannot be served upon him and
and an attachment having been issued
ard levied on the defendants property,
it is ordered that said defendant APP
pear before the Chancery Court a
Knoxville, Tennessee, or or before the
first Monday OF April next end make
defense To said bill, or the same will
be taken for confessed and the
cause set Tor hearing ex parte as to
HIM. This notice will be published
III the KNOXVILLE INDEPENDENT
for four successive weeks.
This 23rd day Of Feb. 1917
]. G. Ford C. g. M.
Gates & Price, Solrs.
III
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
FOR Benefit OF
WORKING WOMEN
Campaign For Universe! Eight
Hour Day to Be Pressed.
LEGISLATION TO Be URGED

National Women's Trade Union League
Will Carry Fight Into State Legisla-
lures and to the National Congress.
Modern Industrial Conditions Subject
Female Toilers to Great Hardships.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17
RAILWAYS and
BROTHERHOODS
Efforts Of President Wilson to
Prevent a Strike.
TWO SIDES OF CONTROVERSY

What MIR. Wilson Proposed to the
Heads Of the Railroads Invoived-Re-
ply Of the Heads Of the Various Lines.
Demand of the Union For an Eight
Hour Day Only.
The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1917-03-17

J. ". SayIor, Sol.
Marcn . ~ II "A 1871
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1917-06-11
COMPANY B WINS FROM CDNPANY'A
NPUNAHO(yS johnson CUP SHOOT
Especial star.Bulletin oorrest oDdene.l

Especial star-Bulletia corresl oDdenee)
OAHU COLLEGE, June 1.-THE
Punahou Academy shooting contest
was held Saturday afternoon on the
PunchbowI range. Company B win,
ming from Company A by a score OF
1909 to 1884, out of a possible 1900
points.
The prize for the match was a beau
tiful, appropriately engraved silver
loving cup, offered by Gen Samuel l.
Johnson. The contest was annour ced
about three weeks ago. at which time
about so boys presented themselves,
hoping to make their company teams
Elimination contests reduced these to
eight men per team and on Saturday
the SIX best were selected for the
match. These men had been coached
for the past three weeks by Gen John
son, himself. assisted by Sgt. Steven
son Of D Company, National Guard.
The cadets made great progress. At
first they were inclined to believe
that the U. s. rifles were no good.
for the boys could not find where
their shots were landing, but after
Gen. Johnson had demonstrated that
these rifles will score ten bullseyes
out Of ten, and after the boys them
selves had practised while, they ar
rived at the conclusion that the U. s.
Springfield is q great rifle and that
the fault Of a poor shot lies in the
Honolulu star-bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1912-2010, 1917-06-11

marksman. not in the rife.
The general expressed his satisfac-
ton at the result OF the meet, and
declared that he could take a lehman
team Of these Punahou boys and train
them so as to excel any team on the
islands
The boys showed great interest in
the shooting and their interest is man
ifeSted by the scores which follow
The ranges were 200 yards and goo
yards. rapid fire. and 500 yards and
500 yards, sinw fire. Each boy had q
possible 200.
A CompanS-D. Hayselden 1T, H.
Harveyl 165, c. Cassidy 1913, c. Tur.
ner 162, H. Hitchcock 15S, c. Suther.
land 15S.
B Compa1U-D. Pratt IT'S, D. Lar
mach ia, W Smith III, G. Scott 1853,
D. Cooke 1913. F. Bowers 1853.
1t will ba noted that d. Hayselden
is first, D. Pratt. second and D. Lar
mach, third Hayseldea will receive
prize for his excellence. This Is a
cup which Walter r. Dillingham; has
offered
1t is planned to conclude the Puma
hou military program for 1917 by ex.
erctses next Friday afternoon These
exercises Will include battalion review
and drill, company close order drill,
presentation Of awards, battalion pa
'ade, and retreat