davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-09-29
FROST PROTECTION FOR CITRUS TREES
(By D. ]. ]. Morton, Citrus Inspect0r.)
PART l.

AR. Quite often, but not always, moving
mir in a freeze i. slightly higher in. tenn
perature than that which IL -tangant.
The more protected The orchard and the
less the movement Of air from the sides
the easier will il be to raise the temprra-
.ture 10 the point desired. and il will BIZ les
difficult ~ retain ii there.
Windi reak~ being very necessary, we
might say Indispensable. ~ a protection
from the not prevailing wind~ OF the -prins
and SIMMER, their interference ia the
movement NJ mir during ! freeze ia an IN
heated orchard cannot merit -crsor- con
>ideration from u progressive citrus grow
or. Nindbreak~ do not prevent d%ormancy
il ~ the proper kind.
a very important. ! might say, very e.
seutial adjunct ~ the artificial heating oi
4 citrus orchard i NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
dormaeN. II the orchard il not helped 4
come into pronounced dormuncy the amount
af generated heat necessary for IT, pro
lection may he - great n To bc beyond
the effort Of the orchardi-t or the ca
lpariiy ot any system 81 artificial heating
The greater the growth Ut the trees dur
ing the late summer and early fan the more
pronounced viii be their dormancy during
the winter. 10 obtain 4 vigorous growth
and IT, consequent increased dormancy n
may he well ~ force the growing season ~
the tree. 10 such a late date a. To Toe ap-
proacIing The danger line. II the ca~e OF
old or bearing trees tine greatest danger Al
feared from i February or early March
frost. The longer the commencement ~
dor,nancy l. DELAYED the later or more eN-
~tcnsiye will be- the dormant period. DO mol
expect ~ delay dormancN ur help II IN per
uniting trees ~ enter INTO Y half proving
condition between d%urmacy and INT
~erowth. This j. worse than no growth al
all. To obtain the most pronounced dor
NANCY tile trees mast ~ pushed ~ \ wig
Gus growth by cultivation and irrigation
at the proper time.
From these few simple comments We
might debate IN oar minds the following
deductions That frceze~ Will come again
and will have tp ~ cumbattpd IN a%rtiiiciaI
methods Of heating. That it j. necessary
10 produce ~ vigorous growth anteccdeni
10 the dormant a. nod III order ~ ret 4
pronounced Dir extended doruaarN. That II
l. necessary 10 have an artiiicially cn.
forced dormanct 81 obtain the hest result
from artificial heating. That II j. rece~-
~ary ~ have winihrcak- to secure ih,
greatest benefit from orchard heating IN
rcn9erving The heat generated.
Let n next consider what has been az
compii-hod by homemade appliances ioi
artificial heating.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-09-29

at the N. M. XII. "a. Thursday evening NJ \
compliment tO the boy ot the Fourth Tex
A. Infantry. Many civilians from san
Beniio were in attendance. The program
was a. follows:
Piano Sulo-Mi1~ Saunders.
Vocal Solo. IL Salute Thee Old Glory
Mrs. Freeman.
Reading. tit Was Not 4 Success. sam
Letter: Suffering Munoluguc-Mi~~ Col
Her.
Violin Solo-Mr~. Too!an.
liccitation-Mury Donald.
Vocal Solo. .I.uddie III khaki"-Mr~.
Freeman.
Readings, "The Man III Uniform: The Spell
of the Nukon"-Ali~S Collier.
Vocal Soln-Mr~. Parmilrc.
Piano Snlo-Mr~. Saunders.
Vocal >olo-NcIcctcd. Mr.. Freeman.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-09-29
BANKERS HELP
FARMERS GROW
GREATER CROP
JOSEPH HiRSCh, CHAIRMAN AGRl-
CULTURAL COMMISSION. SAYS
CAMPAIGN FOR INCREASED PRO-
DuCTi0N VITAL FACTOR IN
WAR CONDUCT.

ATLANTIC CITY. N. u. Sept. 2p.-llpw
the bankcr- of thc United ~taic- have 80
operated with the former ~ obtain Y more
profitable and increased production Of
food and livestock wn~ related 90 the
American Banker A~~ociation today IN
Joseph lIir~rh WI Corpus Christi, Tcxa-.
chairman Ut the agricultural commission
'of the association.
''Tli- campaign tor increased food. feed
and livestock production, which M have
been advocating for iiNc years. ha- be-
duet of the great enterprise of war upon
which this nation il launched, said Chair
man lIir-rh. agricultural preparedness
H. Just a- necessary u~ military prepare
tion. We are endeavoring 10 apply eff
cicncv methods 20 the bu-inc~~ of farming
the greatest business Of this country.
The purpose nf the bankers IN to increase
our agricultural prosperity ana ~ the
same time make the banking business more
profitable and infinitely safer hy lending
direction and financial assistance tn the
sound farming projects advocated TN those
efficiency experts. the field forces ~ The
n1ed States Department OF Agriculture
and the state colleges of agriculture.
During ihe past twelve months We have
redouhlcd oar efforts toward the employ
mcnt Of additional county agents and ia
better proof OF the wisdom of this policy
can be offered than the fact thai our
government. in it, campaign for increased
food production. will cndcavor "a place
! . county agent in every agricultural county
IN the United State~.
"We have continued 90 advocate the de-
%vclopmont ~ the live~tuck industry IN,
hundreds III c%alvc~. dairy. baby beef. sheep
swine and poultry clubs have been orean.
lied BY bankers all over the country. Thou-
sands of pure-lred cattle. swine and sheer
have been purchased IN bankers and hay,
been sold to farmers and 70 children, mem
her~ OF livestock clubs. at actual cost
The. movements are playing an importan
part ia the campaign ~ the government N
increase oar rurat supply. Illinois banker
have organized more than eighty calf club.
and a. II result of their interest. more tina,
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-09-29
Menl Marker.

Meat Market.
Mis- Be- Rome ha~ resigned her push
ion "a the Downs Bros store and Accept
ed i place uiih the San Bcnito Mercantile
company.
AIR. Bruce Gentry and little -on XVI
Ruckdalc are the guests III her father and
sister. Mr.. Il. f.. Agcr and Ms Lois Agar.
a DINNER party WAS given Tuesday even
ing hy Mt. III. III. Agar relehratiH. hi~ iit-
ty--ixth birthday. Those entertained. be-
sides thc family. were Mr.. and Mr.. Asa
Agar. Ms Mary llervcy and Mr. Tippett.
Mr.. II. n. Biount entertained \ few Mi
hcr irirnd- Tuesday evening with Y b-
party at ,hr pg-timc thcutcr. and refresh
mcut- after the show. Those comprising
Mr.. Blount'~ party we're: Me~damc-
Iuhn Lvarh. XIII y. Wills. I'll. III. March
bank. III. B. ~umnuH-. Erie Reed. Ward
Carpenter. Roger Valentine. M. Y. Smith.
and. Mr.. Willouehby ct San Angelo.
Bert Epstein left Monday for Browns
willie IVY take up hi~ duties IN thc financial
division nf thu uuartcrma-tor'- corps -ta-
TONED III that city.
Mr.. and Mr.. ". :. kellog returned to
San Bcnito after = four months visit with
friends ana relatives III Cleveland. Ohio.
Mr.. Robinson. wife WI Major Robinson
al the Fourth Texas Infantry. returned %
san Bcnito Thursday OTTER q two week.
visit with friends and relative in Hubbard
City.
Mr.. MI. III Freeman and little son. Rob
cr,. icfi Friday for Corpus Christi after a
week. visit with her parents. Mr.. and
Mr.. Il. =. Johnson. Mrs. Freeman VIII
make her home IN Corpus Christi.
Il dramatic club has been organized I'M
der the auspices of Mis- Collier. dramatic
teacher Of the high school. 1t l. composed
Of the members Of Mis- Golfers rla--.
They viii study dramatic art and expect
to give plays 10 the public III interval. dur
ing the winter.
i choral club has been organized among
The mi-ic loving folks of San Bcnito m
der the direction NJ Prof. Edgar Place
Much enthusiasm was manifested Ut tht
first meeting and plans were made for tn,
winters work. Professor Place ha,
planned III pnt on y rantata Nh IN earl,
date and many musical programs through
out the winter.
\ most interesting program was giyer
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-09-29
California To Be the
Only Oasis on Co

SAN FRANCISCO. Cal. Sept =
When British Columbia falls into line
dry" territory az he end Of this y
California will h. LETT a. the only r.
uf the saloon un the Pacific Coast m
of the Mexican boundary. Alaska. ORE
and Washington. with British Colnn
added. will form 4 Urn line " dcfr
Bur California. although -till witl
statewide prohibition. l. rapidly beccn
dry territory. II j. said that few OIL
states which have not enacted Prohibi
laws have ~ many -ulounle>~ cities IN
IinmIa.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-09-29
San Benito

SAN BENITO. Tex. sept. 29.-Mr.
Grady It. Clair. Misses Grace -. Clair
and Corrine Pupkin left hast week Tor Waco
where they will enter Baylor University.
Mis- Mildred Mccall ha- resigned her
position with tue San Bcnito Mercantile
Company and viii take charge ~ the book-
keeping tor her father at The Sanitary
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-09-29
VALUE OF THE wINDBREAK.

II tHr orchard has already been pro-
r. with suitable windbreak, II will take
" , a. same amount of fuel Ia raise tbe
~ Ft..re three degrees IN an orchard
rlNided with windhrcak~. Thi, an
III sI-Fc strictly to AN orchard confirm
res bearing much wood and foliage.
= nrehardist does not intend 10 ar
- Y heat. then the presence Of the
60 ks may not be of much service,
rs. ~ he contrary, may increase the H.
~ rctarling the free movement Of
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
RUSSIAN DRIVE UNCHECKED.
BAD WEATHER WEATHER HAMP.
ERS INFANTRY, BUT COS
SACKS STILL ADVANCE.
They Have Advanced Thirty Miles
During Week and are Succeeding I'm
Throwing Austrians Back on Car.
pathans-Hard Fighting in Cham.
payne.

Although the movement of Russian
Infantry In the Gaiician drive is hamp.
cred by bad weather. the Cossaclss
are apparently able to continue their
advance. This Ia indicated by a re-
port through Rome. that the Russians
have occupied Dolina. II this is ac-
curate 1t proves that the Russians
have advanced more than thirty
miles since the opening Of the drive
south Of the Dniester river last week.
This advance from stanislau means
considerable progress in the plan to
throw the Austrians back on the
Carpathians. The Rome dispatch
says this has already been accom- mplish-
cd.
Hard lighting continues on the
French front. Last night the Ger
mans directed heavy attacks in the
Champagne in an effort to regain the
position lost Saturday night. They
were repulsed everywhere. excep,
near Mont Haut. where they held a
narrow foothold.
There II no important activity or
the British front.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
TRAINING IN THE SOUTH.
DR.. GOrgas Considers Health Advan.
tagcs Of This Section Superior to
Those Elsewhere.

Washington. July t5.-In q state
ment tonight commencing the war
departments policy of locating most
of the troop training camps in the
south, Maj. Gen. Gorgas. surgeon
general Of the army declared such an
arr sgement would have great in
fiuence for good health and hence for
military efficiency.
II am strongly in favor of sites in
the South for training camps because
OF health advantages to the men,"
said Gen. Gorgas. 1.-The outstanding
fact is that men trained in the South
will have weather conditions permit.
ting their being out of doors practi-
cally all Of every day. In certain re
gions, wisely chosen for our National
Guard camps, rain is scarce in the
winter-when the heaviest training
will be done-and at night soldiers
mere will sleep in quarters where
there is free air circulation.
There is. Of course. a military ad-
vantage involved beyond the funda-
mental gain Of having soldiers physi-
cally fit for their work. 1t is obvious
that men in training should have TIE
maximum hours per day and days per
week for drill and exercise. The few
weeks Of summer weather which SOL
diers In the South may encounter will
be more than offse: by the long au-
tumn and mild winter s'.'ring which
the troops will underou the larger
part OF their training"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
DEFEAT FOR MONARCHISTS.
CHANG HSUN'S TROOPS OVER.
WHEIIMED AT PEKING.
Leader Finds Refuge I'm Dutch Lepa.
ton and Republicans Control Capi.
taI. Nd

Washington. July 13.-Chinese le-
cation dispatches from Peking dated.
at noon today said that quiet had been
restored in the capital after a battle
in which the monarchist troops OF
Gen. Chang Hsun were overwhelmed
by republican forces.
The republican victory was com.
plete. the dispatch said, the last con-
tingents Of Chang Hsun's men having
been forced to surrender The mon
archist general himself was reported
a refugee in the Dutch legation.
The monarchial movement is thus
thought to have ended after a brief
three weeks adventure which threat
ened the whole delicate fareastern sit-
uation. Premier Tuan Chi Fui. the
legations advices said, will move his
headquarters back into the capital
tomorrow and reestablish the repub.
lican regime.
Chang's flight TO the Dutch lega-
tion caused some surprise here az
his pronouncements have been very
bellicose. The republicans, however,
cut off all four railroads out of the
capital. Chang's taking refuge at the
Dutch legation assures him safe con-
duct out of the country.
The republicans face a difficult task
in reorganizing their government but
there is every confidence that it will
be accomplished successfully. Presi-
dent Ii appointed Vice President Fang
Kwo Chang acting president after
the nonarchist coup and the emer-
gency government set up in Nanking
confirmed him. Neither press nor
official dispatches show whether Fang
still is president or whether Ia has
resumed power.
The military governors who seeded
at .Tien Tsin recently agreed to form
a coalition government with the .Aon-
stitutional and parliamentary party
lls$sst R:sslet isl \ \ BGgII \. =
events Of the past two weeks have uD2
set that arrangement especially al the
parliament has been dissolved and the
military has concentrated at least
10000 troops about Peking.
The division of power effected by
the restored republican leaders within
the next few days and the later elec-
tions to the new parliament must de-
termine whether China is entirely a
constitutional and parliamentary gov
ernment or government with q very
strong executive and a powerful party.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
AGITATORS NOT WANTED.
bisbec Citizens on Guard Against Re.
turn ~ Exilcs.

Bisbee. Ariz. July 16.-Armed civ.
mans guards are watching approach
es to Bisbee to prevent the exiled In
dustrial Workers OF the World return
ing. officials said. however, that any
VINO wanted to work would he well
coined. but the socalled "agitators"
cannot come back. The mines are
preparing to operate on n larger
scale than at any time since the strike
started three weeks ago.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
DRAFT HELD UP.
Exemption Board Organization Fl
Fifteen States Incomplete.

Washington, July 16-After re
ceiving advices from fifteen States
where the exemption beard organiza-
ton is incomplete the war department.
officials said today that draft draw
ings will hardly be made before Sat-
urday at the earliest 1t is impos-
sible to ascertain when the final re-
port from these States can be ex-
pected.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
oIllDs TO FRANCE. !.
PREPARATlON BEING MADE no
Send STATE TROOPS ABROAD.
No Ostlsss Yct Issucd hut There are
lndtcattens That National Guard
wtn - Embarked at Early Date.

washington. July Rehabilitation
Of the National Guard for war service
began today. While no orders for the
smbarkation Of State troops for
rrance will be given until after Au-
sast sth when the entire guard will
bs drafted into the federal service.
there are Indications that some di-
visions are rsgardsd ~ ready to board
fhs transports soon after that date.
Their equipment In ready and Ia be-
ins ssnt 70 the campa. They are short
- artillery and the nrst units sent to
France win probably uss French ar
siuery. Their departure wiz be gov
srusd largely by shipping problsma
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
GERMAN PEACE PROPOSAL.
Rc'chsa9 Membcrs Favor Resolution
& CopentaGen. July l6.--.The reach.

|$sccS4 McmOcs0 FAVOR ltee0luti0n.
q Copenltaesn. July l5.-4rhe reach
tarfe s5propossd psaoG sbsolAtion,
y s6tdAbes to tits- -Bst5in riss.
lb'att. . majority Of the bloc Of the
Centre. Radicals and socialists decid.
ed Friday evening to introduce I'm
changed on the reassembling of the
reichstag. reads as follows:
As on August 4, 1914, so on the
threshold of the fourth year of the
war the German people stand upon
the assurance of the speech from the
throne-'We are driven by no lust Of
conquest
Germany took up arms In defense
OF its liberty and independence and
Tor the integrity Of Its territories. The
reichstag labors. for the peace and mu.
tual understanding. Forced acquisi.
tions Of territory and political,
economic and financial violations are
incompatible with such a peace
THE reichstag rejects all plans
aiming at an economic blockade and
the stirring up Of enmity among the
peoples after the war. The freedom
OF the seas must be. assured. Only an
economic peace can prepare the
ground for the friendly ssociation of
the peoples.
THE reichstag will theoretically
promote the creation of international
judicial organizations. So long, how
ever. as the enemy government do not
accept such a peace; so long as they
threaten Germany and her allies with
conquest and violation. the German
people will stand together as one man.
hold out unshaken and fight until the
rights Of itself and its allies to life
and development are secured. The
German nation united is unconquera-
BILE.
The reichstag knows that in this
announcement II is at one with the
men who are defending the father
land; In the heroic struggles they are
sure OF the undying thanks of the
whole people,"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
WILL OUTLINE POLICY.


Copenhagen. July 1s.--The German
imperial chancellor. DIR. George MI
chaeiis will deliver his maiden
speech In tho reichstag Thursday.
when he Is expt cted to outline his
policy. 1t Is awaited with much in
terestJ He is attending the conferen-
ces Gems. Won Hindenburg and Lu-
dendor are holding with the party
leaders.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
new FOREIGN MINISTER,
BROCKDORF.RAN TO Sic.
CEED DIR. ZIMMERMAN.
Well known to American-Was Used
by German i'm Effort to Maintain
Working Agreements With Wash.
ingtOn.

report that Count
Brockdorff- Rantzau, the German min
lister at Copenhagen, has been select
ed to succeed DR.. Alfred Zimmerman
as imperial foreign secretary. This
would mean the return of the aristo-
cratic traditions Of the German SER
vice.
Count Brockdorff- Rantzau is "born"
In the German sense of the word and
highly connected at lourt through his
twin brother, who holds a high court
position, and through his mother,
Countess Brockdorff- Rantzau. mis-
tress of the robes to the empress and
one OF the most masterful and DOM
inant personages in court life.
Far more important for America is
the role which Count Brockdorff-
Rantzau played with respect to Ger
man American relations during the
war. Ambassador Won Bernstorff. at
Washington. not being satisfied with
the conduct Of relations through the
prescribed channel. owing to the Wig
orous attitude Of Ambassador Gerard,
Of Berlin, with the German govern
ment endeavored to open an alterna-
tive channel through Count Brock
dorff- Rantzau and used the minister
to transmit to Washington, through
the American minister at Copenha-
gen, communications designed to take
the edge from tense situations and
build up working agreements with the
United States.
Count Brockdorr- Rantzau long had
iabored in this direction. Finally he
became convinced that the adoption
OF unrestricted submarine warfare and
Il breach with the United States were
|ihevitable.
Chancellor Won Bethmann- -Hollwes
land DR.. Zimmerman, after the COM
Iplete rupture. endeayored to treat the
lsAmerican declaration OF stats sof war
as non-existent, or, at least. to act
as II the declaration that a state of
war existed was not binding upon Ger
many. But Count BrockdorY- Rantzau
cherished no such illusions.
The new foreign secretary has a
superficial reputation for being some
thing of a sluggard and late riser,
with small taste for society. but be-
meath he is man Of firm, strong
hand, with considerable energy for
execution. He is about the only Ger
man diplomat who has won the ap-
proval Of the amateur diplomatic crit
les Of Germany for keeping the diplo-
matte house in order. He is a cous-
In Of Count Won Bernstorfr and un.
married.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
Says Auto Dealers Must Pay.

Columbia. July i4.--Judge Mendcl
Ia smith gave a decree In the Rich
land court this afternoon holding tina,
automobile dealers must pay the
state fee for a year under the High
way Commasuion Act
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
SOUTH cARoL|NA's QUOTA.
DUPLICATE CARDS IN GOVERN.
OR'S OFFICE AND ALL BOARDS
ORGANIZED,
Union County Found in Excess OF
Quota With Thirty.three More
Men in Service Now Than Called for
by GOvernmcnt-One County Will
Not Be Called on to Contribute Fur.
ther.

Columbia, July 14.-With all dupli-
cate registration cards in the govern
or's office and the sc local boards in
South Carolina duly organized South
Carolina has been reported ready for
the drafting of this States quota of
men for the great National army.
South Carolina is called to furnish
1O.0S1 men. Official notice of the
quota to be selected by each board
will be sent to the chairman today.
One South Carolina county, Union,
will not send a man for service under
the selective service act. This county
has already 33 men in the National
Guard and regular army in excess of
its quota. Unions quota is 274 men
and the county now has GOT men in
service
The distribution of the States
quota of 1o.0s1 is reached by taking
the gross quota of the State 1921
and deducting the number of men in
the National Guard and enlistments in
the regular army from April l to June
80. 5,040.
Two cities are organized with local
boards, Columbia and Charleston, Co.
lumbia being called on to furnish 100
men and Charleston 304. Richland
county will send 205 and Charleston
county 24O. The city of Charleston
has two boards. one having turisdic-
ton in the lower six wards and the
other in the upper six wards. The
first board will furnish 113 men and
the second 191.
In Anderson. Greenville, Orange.
burg, Spartanburg and York more
than one local board is organized.
Their jurisdiction and the quota fol-
lows: Anderson. No. /, Anderson and
lower county. 10s;, No. g.. Randlato.
and western section, SO; No. 8. Bel
ton. Honea Path andd eastern Sec
ton, 6S.
spartanburg. No. 1. western section.
176; No. 2. eastern section, 16O; No.
8. central section. los.
Greenville. No. 1, upper section. 70.
No. 2, central section, 2O3; No. 3. low
er section. 81.
Orangeburg, No. /, northern section
zS3; No. 2, lower section, 1876.
York, No. 1. eastern section, 121;
No. 2, western section, 125.
credits OF National Guardsmen to
various counties were furnished nv
commanders Of the South Carolina
units. The enlistments in the regular
army came from the adjutant general
OF the United States. On account of
the coast counties having men in the
naval militia which is not included in
the credits, these counties were cred
tied with I'll men in the South Caro-
lima National Guard whose permanent
addresses are in other States. The
excess of 33 Union men was credited
to the other counties by population.
The following table shows the gross
quota. the credits and net quota of the
several counties Of the State:
Gross Net
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-07-18
QUIET IN MISSOURI.


Fiat River. Mo-. July 16.--The min
inE district. In quiet today. Soldiers
are guarding the homes of the foreign
miners who were driven away during
the last few days. Many men with
dinnsr pals were proceeding to the
mines.