East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1917-09-01
LESSON NO. rs.
ARMY INSIGNIA.

Honor. 9. Making Good as Sol
dier. 3. Nine Soldierly Qualities
4. Getting Ready for Camp. o.
First Days in Camp. 6. Cleanliness
In Camp. =. Your Health. y.
Marching and Care of Feet. g. Your
Equipment and Arms, 10. Recrea-
tion in Camp. II. Playing the
Game 12. Team Work in the Army
1S. Grouping Men into Teams. H.
The Team Leaders. .. FtghttnA
Arms of the Service. 16. Staff
Branches of the Service, l. II. Staff
Branches of the Service, I1.)
The uniform of the United States
ARMY stands for democracy. 1t is al
most the same for all ranks from
private 10 commanding general-so
much so, in fact, that it is often ar
| ficult to recognize a mans place III
the service at first glance. But
closer view will tell the whole story
to any experienced observer.
Insignia" is the term used to in
clude all the badges, buttons braids'
hat cords, and other devices which
| indicate these three things;
| l. The rank of each officer or sol
dier.
.. His branch of the service or his
/ special duty.
! 3. His personal experience or record
An ordinary private's uniform car
ries no insignia of rank. When
man becomes a first-class private
however, in the Engineer Corps. Hos
pital Corps. Ordinance Department
| Ouartermaster Corps, or Signal Corps
! he is entitled to wear on the sleeve
OF his coat and shirt the design OF
the department to which he belongs.
A lance corporal wears on his sleeve
an inverted V-shaped bar. A corpor-
al has two bars, and sergeant three
bars. Below the sergeant's three v
shaped (inverted) bars may appear
a number of additional marks, indtcat-
irg his duties. For example, first
sergeant has diamond-shaped mark
the stable sergeant has a device rep
resenting a horses head; the color
sergeant has a star: the battalion
quartermaster sergeant has three
horizontal bars; the chief trumpter
has one bar and device represent
ing a bugIe: and so on. All the cloth
designs, such as those just described,
which are sewn on the sleeves, are
known as "chevrons."
insignia of Rank.
A
GERS rank is shown by various insig-
mia on the shoulder loops of coats, on
the sleeves of coats and overcoats. on
the collars of shirts. and by hat cords.
The most important are those made
of metal and sewn on shoulder loops
and shirt collars. major general
has two silver stars; brlgadier gen
eral. one silver star: colonel, silver
! eagle. n lieutenant colonel. a silver
| oak leaf IA major a gold oak leaf;
| a CAPTAIN. two silver bars; a first lieu
! tenant. one silver bar. A second lieu
tenant has no shoulder insignia. You
can really tell the rank of any officer
| by glancing at these metal insignia.
It is often quite necessary, how
ever. to recognize that some one at
little distance is a commissioned or
ficer in order that you may treat him
with the courtesy due to all otflcers;
in this case you look for the marks
| Indicating that man holds a com
mission without waiting to observe
| his exact rank Until recently COM
lmissioned officers customarily Wore
| leather leggings. while all enlisted
men wore canvas legEings. However
| leather leggings may nof be worn by
| mounted men. The hat cord is an
other mark of rank which is easily
observed; the hat cords of generals
Iare gold; those of other officers are
of gold and black. Another mark OF
an officer is a band of brown braio
about 3 inches from the end of the
coat sleeve. Officers of the General
Staff Corps wear black braid instead
of brown on overcoats the braid is
sewn on in loops except that of gem
eraI officers. who wear two black
bands of braid.
Every branch Of the service has its
special color which appears on the hat
cords of enlisted men, on the chevrons
Of noncornmissioned officers. and ir
MANY other places. These colors are:
Infantrv. light blue.
Cavalry. yellow.
Artillery. scarlet.
| Adjutant generals. inspector gem
erals. and Judge advocate gen.
erals departments, dark blue.
Engineer Corps. scarlet intertwin-
ed with white.
Signal Corps, orange intertwined
with white.
| Medical Department. maroon.
Ouartermaster Corps, buff.
Ordnance Department. black inter
! tWined with scarlet.
| BY remembering these colors you
will often be able easily to recognize
mon and troops. In addition to these
colors, every branch of the service has
| itq own device with all of which you
will soon become familiar
RegimentaI Insignia.
The number of tho regiment to
which each man belongs is on the
collar Of his coat. All reglmental
numbers will run in three different
series, showing whether each regi-
ment was originally a part Of the
regular army, Of the National Guard
or Of the new National Army. The
number of regiments formerly of the
/ Regular Army will begin with the
figure l and run up to the figure 100;
those of regiments formerly in the
/ National Guard will begin with fig
ure IO1 and run up to 800; those of
J regiments in the new National Army
will begin with figure 301. The for
mer National Guard regiments will
show also their former State desig-