The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-11-15

Tn many parts of the southeastern sec- tion of the United States, including the states of Tennessee. North Carolina, Louisiana, Mississip, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, Florida, and the south eastern half of Arkansas, rye should he grown much more widely than at present. Why and where and how this should be done are set forth as follows:
 Rye as Supplement to Wheat-Rye is raised less generally now than wheat i'll this section of the country. But rye is d bread grain used largely by many people of this and other countries. So, in any consideration of the expansion of the acreage of bread grain and in any en- couragement given for the production Of ome-grown bread in this section it is necessary to consider wheat and rye to- gether. For many soils and in many places rye is safer crop than wheat. For some purposes it is better than wheat.
 When to Raise Rye Instead of Wheat Where conditions which make it prefer able to raise rye rather than wheat are in effect and under what circumstances rye should be raised in place of wheat are specified below.
 CD Rye will grow on some lands not adapted to wheat Sandy, exposed, poor, poorly prepared, or acid land will usually yield better crops of rye than of wheat On large areas of sandy land i'll this sec ton rye can usually be grown to better advantage than wheat. As rye uses less nitrogen, it can be grown on poorer lands Rye should be sown on newly cleared timberland and drained marsh fand as it is more resistant than wheat to the acid condition of the soil which is likely to exist.
 @ Rye may be sown later in the fali than wheat. If the land cannot be pre- pared in time for wheat, owing to rush ~f bxk.a some late maturing crop is occupying the land, rye may well be sown. Rye will germinate more quickly than wheat and at lower temperature. It will germi- nate and grow with the temperature but a few degrees above freezing, when wheat would be practically at stand still. It can be sown after late maturing crops are removed, thus furnishing winter cover and allowing a grain crop to be grown. Since it can be sown late, it distributes labor on farms where wheat is grown, as the wheat can all be sown before rye sowing is begun.
 (3) Rye is not so badly injured by in sects and diseases as wheat. The Hes sian fly seldom injures it badly. The rye crop usually natures before rust be- comes severe.
 () Rye produces more profitable crop than wheat in at least some parts of this section. The 5-year Q911-19l5) average
  greater than for wheat in the states Of South Carolina and Alabama. Rye is more profitable than wheat in southern Georgia.
 (5) Rye produces a straw more highly valued than that of wheat for bedding horses stuffing horse collars, for use as packing material, and in paper making. Where there is demand for the straw for such purposes, as, for instance, near the large cities and near nurseries, and special precaution is taken to preserve it, the straw may be as valuable as the grain. More straw per acre is produced on poor land by rye than by wheat.
 (6) Rye will endure more acid in the soil than wheat, and can therefore be used where wheat would require lining. In such cases rye can be produced more cheaply.
 @ Rye uses less nitrogen, pound for pound of crop produced, than wheat, the amount in rye being about four-fifths that in wheat. It can therefore be grown on poorer lands can be produced with less fertilizer. and does not exhaust the supply of nitrogen so much as wheat,
 (8) Rye is generally a better crop for fall, winter, and spring pasture than wheat. as it makes a larger, earlier and more upright growth than wheat.
 60 For the reasons above cited, rye is generally better for winter cover and green manure than wheat. It can be sown in cotton at the time of the first or second picking, or in standing corn, and it makes good growth for blowing under in preparation for other crops. Rye should not be allowed to grow more than knee-high before it is plowed under.
 Varieties of Rxe-In a large part of the cotton belt the Abruzzes (AblsuzzD variety, introduced from Italy by the United States department of agricul- ture in 1900 and 1904. has given re- markably good results. On account