davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
STARTS NEW MARKET SERVICE
Uncle Sam Believes System viii Aid in
Stabilizing Live Stock and
Meat Prices.

Uncle Sam has established q new
market news service on meats, supply
ing Geographic reports of conditions in
three representative eastern meat-con-
Stunning centers. These reports are
now available daily to the trade and TO
consumers in New York, Boston, Phila
delphia, Chicago, Kansas City and
Omaha. They are intended to place at
the disposal Of the meat producer and
of the wholesale and retail trade USE
full information in regard to supplies
on hand, the demand for the various
kinds and grades of meat, and other
factors influencing the trade.
New York, Boston and Philadelphia,
where the conditions are representa-
tive of those in other large consuming
centers, government agents obtain early
each morning all available information
and send it by wire to Washington and
to the eastern and western local offices
of the office of markets and rural or
ganiZation. There it is placed early in
the business DAY at the disposal of all
interested persons.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
Kangaroo Skin Imports.

The latest government statistics
show that there We're 1,072, 494 pounds
of kangaroo skins imported during the
II months ending May 81, 1916, as COM
pared with 672.339 pounds in 1915 and
1,225,679 pounds in 1914 for the
same period. The imports last year
were valued at $633,3O1, or an average
of about SO cents pound. There are
less of these skins received than of
any other variety used in making shoe
leather, but genuine kangaroo skins
make excellent leather and large guam
titles would be tanned If the skins
were available.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ILLITERACY IS ON
DECREASE IN U. S.
Lowered in Twenty Years From
1873 to TT Per Cent of
Population.
RISES AMONG FOREIGN-B0RN
Big improvement Is Shown Among
Native Whites and Negroes-Dis-
trict of Columbia Leads in
Ten-Year Period.

Decrease in illiteracy was greater
In the District of Columbia during the
period from 1890 to 1910 than in any
state in the Union, according to sta
tlstics just published by Uncle Sans
bureau of education.
Illiteracy in the district decreased 62
per cent during this time, While the
nearest competitor to the district was
Kansas, with a decrease of GO per cent.
Maryland showed a decrease of "a per
cent and Virginia so. New York re-
manned stationary, while Oklahoma
showed an increase of 3 per cent and
Connecticut an increase of IS per cent.
Percentages Of lIiiteracy.
The percentage Of illiteracy in the
District of Columbia in 1910 was 40
per cent, this ratio being higher than
the percentage of illiterates in the pop
ulation of Iowa, Nebraska, Oregon,
Washington, Idaho, Kansas, Utah,
South Dakota, Minnesota, Indiana,
North Dakota, Michigan, Ohio, Wiscon-
sin, Wyoming, California, Colorado,
Illinois, Vermont, Maine, Missouri,
New Hampshire and Montana. The
percentage Of illiteracy in the District
of Columbia was less than In Massa-
chusetts, New York, New Jersey,
Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Connecticut,
Nevada, Maryland, Rhode Island, Del
aware, West Virginia, Texas, Ken
lucky, Arkansas, Tennessee, Florida,
Virginia, North Carolina, New Mexico,
Georgia, Arizona, Mississippi, Ala
bama, South Carolina and Louisiana.
The percentage of illiteracy in the
United States has been lowered dur
ing 20 years from 1873 per cent in 1890
to 1917 per cent in 1900 and TT per
cent in 1910; but the number of Hit
crates has decreased less than 10 per
cent and the number of foreign-born
illiterates has increased 43 per cent.
Foreign-Born lIiiterates.
Since 1880 the percentage of native
whites to total population has in
creased and the percentage of litter
acy among them has diminished. The
| percentage of foreign-born to total pop
ulation has increased as we'll as theil
percentage of illiteracy. The per cent
of negroes to total population has de
creased, and the decrease in percentage
| of illiteracy among them is marked.
Every class of illiterates has de
| creased except the foreign-born Hit
crates; their increase has unbalanced
the whole decrease of all other classes
COMMUNICATIVE whites, negroes, In
dams, Chinese, Japanese-during the
last 30 years.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
Music Also Loaned.

eve lend music on the same condi-
ton as books. We do not, however, al
low musical scores so lent to be used
for public performances.
I'VE exclude from material that may
be loaned that which is in constant use
at Washington, the absence of which
from shelves of the library OF con-
gress would be an Inconvenience to
congress, or to the executive depart
ments of the government, or to refer
ence readers. These conditions exclude
from the loan system, as rule, genoa
logies, local histories, newspapers and
periodicals. Only in exceptional cases
do we send out material which, be-
cause of its size or its character, re-
quires expensive packing or high insur-
ance."
Doctor Putnam seems to be more In
terested in the library as an institution
serviceable to the whole country than
In the library as literary treasure
house. He showed the reporter files
Of letters from all parts of the country,
requests for the loan of books sent by
scholars through their local libraries.
And he explained in detail the service
rendered by the library Of congress in
sending out lists of authorities and
answering questions through the mail.
"rhis has developed" he said. Unto
a very significant part of the library's
work. The library issues numerous
lists which, IL they are not contribu-
tons to science. in the sense that they
advance knowledge Of the subject mat
ter, are something more than mere nc
foundations of titles. They are lists
of books, documents, and magazine ar
ticles having to do with subjects of
current interest. They are distributed
Widely to libraries throughout the
country"
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
Bees Intelligence overrated.

The intelligence of the honey bee
has been greatly overrated, according
to Everett f. Phillips, who is the
government expert on bee culture.
He says that this insect really has no
adaptability at all, but wonderfully
perfected instinct. Success in bee
keeping, therefore, depends upon study
ing the bee and giving it exactly what
its imperious instincts require. For
example, the space between the wall of
hive and the comb in which the
honey'is to be placed must be exactly
a quarter of an inch. If it is more
the bees will store honey in the space,
and If it is less they will seal it closed.
In either case the hive must be broken
open to get the honey.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
TORPEDO IS COSTLY
Every One Fired Costs Uncle
Sam ST, 1000.
pensive, Eating Up $12 Every
Minute 1t Is in Action.

A few years ago theatergoers were
much interested in production in
which the hero had to get rid of mill
lion dollars in year or lose larger
estate.
Figures just compiled by Uncle
Sans ordnance officers show that if
the hero had declared a little war and
it had lasted a few weeks he would
have experienced no difficulty in rid
ding himself of his wealth.
The figures show that each time
Uncle Sam fires a torpedo it costs 81
900.
Ordnance expenses in time of war
range from q maximum of $1,000
for each torpedo to cents for each
bullet fired from q revolver.
If the dreadnaught Arizona getS
into action and fires q broadside from
its u 14-inch guns and auxiliary can
non it will cost just $4,000 for each
of these performances.
On land the machine gun has about
the most expensive appetite of any
of Uncle Sans weapons. The ma
chine gun fires between 500 and 600
bullets of 80 caliber minute, which
makes it cost $12 for each 60 seconds
of activity.
Every bullet fred from rifle by an
infantryman or cavalryman costs
cents, while the pistol shots fired by
cavalrymen, officers and non-commis-
stoned officers cost cents apiece. The
shells and shrapnel used by field artll-
lery cost about $40 each, while a pro-
jectile for a 14-inch land gun costs
5000.
The torpedo, however, is not only
the most expensive means of destruc-
ton used in American warfare, but it
is the most deficately constructed
weapon at Uncle Sans command. 1t
is virtually q launch, being equipped
with two screw propellers moving in
opposite directions and being IS or 20
feet long. It will continue to plow the
sea until its motors run down or it hits
the mark.
Nitroglyeerine and copper contribute
most heavily to the expense of tor
pedoes. Expert workmanship ranks
next as an item of cost, for the deli
cate parts of a torpedo must be aecU-
rate in their construction to one-fye-
thousandths of an inch. A thickness
or thinness of more or less than one
five thousandth of an inch in any part
of the mechanism would prevent it
from working properly.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
Becomes u. S. Citizen
Again to Aid Uncle Sam.

The solution of the paradox,
J "When is an American not an
/, American" has just been discov-
cred by Benno Weller, born in
Nebraska. and more recently en-
gagged as farmer in Canada.
Weller went to Canada some
years ago and, in order to obtain
a patent on q farm there, became
a naturalized citizen Of Great
Britain. A few weeks ago he re-
turned a this country and tried
to enlist in the United States
Marine corps but was rejected
as an alien. The secretary Of Ia
Dor was appealed to and decided
that Weller would be required to
go through the same procedure
as foreigner in order to again
become a citizen of the United
States, which he did and then
was enlisted.
Weller said he would not
change nationalities for a farm.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
UNCLE SAM AIDS HOUSEWIVES
Plans to Assist in Solving Servant
Problem by Raising to New Dig
nifty Work of Domestics.

Uncle Sam plans to enlist the CO.
operation of housewives to solve the
servant problem and raise to a new
dignity the work Of domestics.
immigration Commissioner Caminet-
ii, who has charge Of the employment
service, said:
"By developing the consideration of
this work throughout the country, by
endeavoring to standardze the vari-
Gus kinds Of work in households, by
truly Identifying household work, field
will be opened to thousands of women
and girls who hitherto have stayed
away from it,"
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
GREAT Savings SHOWN
Patents Issued in Year Remark
able in Number and Character.
Among Inventions Reported Are Sew
eral Greatly Decreasing Coal Con-
sumption in Power Plants.

Invention in this country reached
high-tide during the calendar year
1916. Forty-twO thousand separate
patents were issued to inventors by
Uncle Sam. 1t is not the number Of
patents issued, however, that is worthy
of note, but the character of the in
ventions. The patent office deals with
all the efforts of the world in every
field Of industry to advance the useful
arts. Great interests are involved, not
merely of private, but of public con-
Germ, in the discoveries that are listed
with the patent Office.
AS an illustration of what the dis
coveries of the u months mean, refer
ence may be made to the fact that one
concern in Chicago reports that it has
effected q reduction in coal cOnSump-
ton from nearly seven pounds kilo-
watt hour to 81 pounds a kilowatt
hour, as a result Of a new invention.
A New York rapid transit company
introduced improvements in the year
which, according to the patent office,
have caused drop in coal consump-
ton from PA pounds kilowatt hour
to IL pounds kilowatt hour.
An electric plant, through some new
invention, it has shown, Is now able to
generate electricity from coal more
cheaply than can be done from the wa
ters of Niagara falls. These great
economies are due in large measure to
new inventions relating to automatic
stokers and regulators attached to
furnace construction, to forced draft
and to coal-handling machinery.
The year brought new and valuable
inventions that had to do with wire
less telegraphy, telephony, the control
Of torpedoes, searchlights and gun
pointing, vacuum cleaning, X-ray ap-
paratus, liquefaction of dir to produce
oxygen and nitrogen for commercial
use, flying machines. the moving pic
ture and mercury vapor lamps.
For period Of some five years an
industrial fellowship maintained by
trained scientists have devoted their
time to the study of methods of bread
making, with the object of producing
better bread. In the last calendar
year, certain of the processes devel-
oped through this study were patented
and put into operation.
Better nourishment of the yeast has
| reduced the amount required in rails
| ing the bread and maturing the dough
with the consequent lessening of the
amount Of flour and sugar used up by
the yeast and converted into carbon
dioxide and alcohol. The savings of
these and other economies to those en-
ploying the novel processes patented
during the year are estimated to
amount to more than 81 100000 year
This estimate is based on the present
high scale of prices, but on any scale
of prices would, it is asserted, be enor-
nous.
The patents in the electrical field
during the year were numerous. In
the field of farming implements there
came the improved tractor engines
better apparatus for digging, irriga'
ton and drainage canals, improved
beet harvesters, etc.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
BRANDED AS myth
Mother Never Really Carried
Market Basket, 1t Is Declared.
Even Before Days Of Telephone
Housewife Seldom Went to the
Grocery or the Butcher Shop.

A voice of protest rises in the East.
There, as elsewhere, sundry lecturers
have been talking to women's clubs
about the high cost of living. Said
one of them:
Housewives could reduce the cost
of food if they would market in per-
son. Too many market by telephone"
This is a typical remark.
Our mothers and our grandmoth-
ers,' continued the lecturer, event
personally to the grocer and the
butcher. They saw what they bought.
And they used to carry it home with
them.'
The conclusion is obvious, says the
indianapolis News. Our mothers and
our grandmothers, paying these daily
visits to the grocer and butcher, were
able to buy seasonable products-and
the best of the products-at lowest
prices. They made their own selec-
tions they picked out what they
wanted.
y woman took issue with this state
ment. Others followed. This argu-
ment, they said, has gone undisputed
long enough. AS matter of fact, our
mothers and grandmothers did very
little marketing in person. The tele-
phone in their day was not used, to
be sure. There We're few telephones
to be used. But 30 years ago-and
even in more recent times-the gro
GERS boy called daily, recited some
new items of stock, logged the pa
irons memory with few questions
regarding the quantity Of potatoes,
sugar, flour and salt on hand, took the
customers order and departed. Moth
er saw the goods for the first time
when the grocer's boy, later in the
day, delivered them.
And in grandmother day, the wom-
en- protesters declared, foNr-fifths of
the marketing was done by sending
Johnny or Mary to the grocer or the
butcher. And many of us who are
something over thirty and not yet
turned sixty, regardless Of sex, can
find without effort, in the depths OF
memory personal evidence to substan'
tate this claim. How many times
were we brought complainingly ir
from play to "go to the grocer'sY
And at the tender age of seven OF
eight or nine, did we do much select
ing when we thus filled the household
order? Very little, as we recall it
On the contrary, We took what the
grocer gave us and hurried home witt
the purchase, making sure both com
ing and going that we kept safely il
hands or pockets the little brown book
in which the purchase was duly anC
carefully recorded by the grocer OF
the grocer's clerk.
Times have changed. Johnny anG
Mary go seldom nowadays to the gro
Ger or to the butcher or to the baker
Mother rings them up and delivers hel
order by telephone. Butts the diff
ference very great? Is it sufficiently
great to account for the vast increase
in the cost of groceries and meats
and bread and rolls? Substituting the
telephone for the grocer boys daily
visit or for marketing with the chill
dren as proxy will hardly seem to
some of Us, now that memory is
aroused, to account for the higher
cost of living.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
Sun Now Never Sets On
The United States FIaq.

Great Britain is no longer the
only nation that can say that the
sun never sets on it's territory.
Since the United States acquired
the Danish West Indies it can
make the same boast, says
Youths Companion.
Hitherto the little island of
Culebra, which is virtually part
of Porto Rico, has been our most
easterly point of land, and the
island of Balabac in the Philip
pines our most westerly point.
The distance between them is
just a little less than $50 de-
grees, or half the circumference
of the earth. st. Croix, in the
Danish West Indies, is 80 miles
farther east than Culebra-
enough to bridge the gap. Just
as the sun is rising on ST. CroiX
it is setting on Balabac.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
TRADE TRAINING IS LACKING
Uncle Sans Chief Foreign Commerce
Booster Says Facilities Are
Not Sufficient.

DIR. Edward Ewing Pratt, chief of
Uncle Sans bureau of foreign and
domestic commerce. declares that the
United States lacks facilities for pre-
pairing men for career in foreign
trade.
''The great demonstration for foreign
trade in this country" he says, began
literally before the echoes of the first
guns in Europe died away. 1t was
really ten months later, however, be-
fore we began to get our bearings ard
before the business men of our COM
try actually get down to brass tackS
in this foreign-trade businesS-SOme of
them have not got there yet. But in
spite of all this noise, backed up as it
has been recently by a considerable
amount of real solid activity, the uni
versities and colleges have not yet
awakened either to the need in the
everyday business world or the Oppor-
tunity for practical service that lies
before them.
SIT is not sufficient for the profess
Sors to point to a few language courses,
many of which do not really teach the
languages; and to a general course of
commercial geography; nor to a course
on the history of South America; nor
even to a general course on foreign
trade. Foreign trade has technique
of its own. No doubt many of the
courses in the ordinary school are ex-
cellent as leading to foreign trade.
But the mere assembling of few pa
per courses under denomination
which viii attract students interested
in the subject is not sufficient.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ACT No Art

approved March 28, 1917.
An Act to provide FOR the mainte-
nance of the four state District Agri-
cultural Schools a Jonesboro, Russell
vile, Magnolia and Monticello, Ark.
Act appropriates for the first agri-
cultural school, situated at Jonesboro,
sS4,500; for district agricultural school
situated sat Russellville, $81, 800. for
district agricultural school situated at
Magnolia, $S4 900; for district agricul-
Iural school situated at Monticello.
act provides that not more than one
haif of the moneys hereby appropri-
ated shall be paid Dat OF the General
ReVenue Fund. and that the remaining
one-haf shall be paid out of the sp--
clal fund TO. be levied and collected for
the support of said schools for the hi
ennIal period beginning 1,
15l7 and endin gully /. 1919.
Act provides that should the entire
appropriation for any one of the four
schools contained in this Act be found
unnecessary for the purpose mention
ed, the balance may be expended for
any other purpose mentioned in this
Act.
Act provides that the proceeds from
the sale Of all farm products shall be
deposited in the state treasury to the
credit OF each of said schools and KEEP,
In separate fund, and used for no
other purpose. Act fixes penalty for
violation of any of the provisions of
this Act.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ACT NO, 47f,

Approved March Is, 1917.
An Act to repeal Act No. 8, known az
the Publicity Act Ito refer same to the
voters of the state and each county at
the next general election.
Act repeats Act No. 8. known as the
Publicity Act. initiated and adopted by
the people at the general election held
in September, 1911, provided that this
Act shall mot go into effect until the
next general election. when the same
shall be submitted 10 the voters of
each county for ratification or reiec
ton. Provides that where any county
votes a majority against Act No. s,
that said act shall be declared repeal
ed as TO that county.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ACT NO. a71.

Approved March IS, 1917.
An Act to appropriate moneys for
the purpose of collecting muster rolls
of Arkansas. relics and flags, etc. to De
placed in Arkansas room in the Con-
federate Museum at Richmond, Va.
Net appropriates eco for above
purpose.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ACT NO. $50,
APPROVED March 22 1917

approved March e, 1877.
An Act to provide for the support
and maintenance of the Girls Indus
trial School and the erection and sup
port of the Boys Industrial School
Act appropriates for Girls Indus
trial School $4,000.
Act appropriates for Boys Industrial
School. S31.2OO. =
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
In No Danger.

Stranger Ito maid)-May I see the
missus, please?
Maid-No, sir; she's engaged.
Stranger-So much the better then.
Tn Il married man and my wife
wouldn want me to talk to foot-loose
y2unG ladies'.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ACT NO. 4-5.
hpnrOyad March % 1917

Approved March %, 1917.
An Act for the support and mainre
nance of the Medical Department OF the
University of Arkansas.
Act appropria>es $52.707.
Act also provides that tuities and
fees of students shall not exceed $50
per annuln.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ACT NO. 46G.

ApproVed March 2S, 1917.
An Act to provide stenographers for
the supreme judges. That the Justices
or the Supreme Court are authorized
10 employ stenographer for each az
salary of $3.50 per annum.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
said organiza ton of the provisions of
this Act. m
ACT NO. 461.

Approved March 2S, 1917.
An Act to provide for further licens-
ing teachers in the Arkansas State
Normal
Act authorizes the Board of the
State Normal to grant a rural tea hers
certificate to be good anywhere in the
state por period OF two years. Stu
dents must meet the requirements set
out in Act in order to obtain said GER
tifcate.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30
ACT NO. 476.
Approved March 2S 1917

Approved March %, 1917.
An Act for the support and mainte-
nance of the State Capitol for the BIZ
ennial period ending March 81. 1919.
Act sppropriates $46,960 out of the
State Capitol Fund.
The Little River news. (Ashdown, Little River County, Ark.) 1897-current, 1917-06-30

Approved March 2S, 1917.
An Act to appropriate money out of
the penitentiary fund for the purpose
of paying levee, drainage and other
special Improvement district assess
ments against the state farm lanes.
and for other purposes.
Act provides that any and all ex-
listing 1evee. drainage or other spe-
cial Improvement district assessments
and taxes against any of the state farm
lands shall be paid out of the appro-
pration now or hereafter made to pay
the current expenses of the state pen
itentiary. Said claims shall be pre-
scented as the same accrue and shall
be allowed. if correct, and shall be
vouchered and paid. Provides that all
lands acquired by the state in the flu
turc shall he known state farm
lands. and shall be subject to the pro-
visions of this Act