davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25

nxed rule of charging in each months expense one-tenth of full year'a AA- preciation. Examina ton showed that in. stead of charging of one-tenth, the de- auctions for one single month covered tho usual deductions for three nonths or quarter of the whole year. Bv thus padding expenses, net was pulled down py $S73,52S. And in addition orders w.,re gwen 10 have 30 locomotives condemnod that Is sold or demolished, and the cost charged to operating expenses of ono sin , gie month. Thus expenses were padded py another S276,683, despite the fact that months afterwards many of those loco motives were still in active service.
 Plans were then made to have an extra dividend. which had been declared by Lake Shore. carried over into the i'm come account of another quarter. but such action was abandoned on the advice or counsel that snch bookkeepinR would be illogical, although perhaps not it. legal And all of this was done through correspondence between prominent New York Central officials. as A. H. Smith. then vice president and now president. explained. In one of the letters he wrote Tor the effect It may have upon mat ters that arc now being considered"
 Another reason why the interstate commerce commission looks under the surface Is that the net earnings being reported by the eastern railroads which were promised a further increase in rates If needed. do not agree with the earnings being reported by the railroads as a whole. For 1915 all of the railroads re- ported increases of $152, ooo. 900 or per cent in gross. and 100000, or c5h per cent in net; for 1916 all previous high records were broken, with further gains of $547ooo,ooo. or 171s per cent In gross, and s2SS S,ooo,000 or B per cent in net: for the first six months of 1917. despite the worst operating weather ever expe-i- enced. during February. March and April, gross for the half-year increased S2o5. : 0oo,eo0 over the high records for 1916, while net showed a decrease of only S7. o0o.o 200, or exactly IS DOT cent
 These figures make it reasonably plain why the interstate commerce commission |should not saddle the already heavily burdened ultimate consumer with any further increase in his cost of living without first finding out if such action Is necessary. But there Is still another reason why the interstate commerce com mission should be slow in granting fur ther increases in freight rates.
 There Is no difference between . raIl- road man and any other business nar, when 1t comes to selecting the line of least resistance in maping out plan of action. Needing money to meet the high CT cost of living. and being refused the right to select the limo of least resist. ance. that Is. increasing its freight rates
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
GRAIN SHORTS SHOW MUCH ANXIETY
Rain and Snow and Scarcity of Labor Retarding the
 Husking of Corn

Chicago, October A.-Nervousness on the part of shorts more than offset for at least today any bearish results from a ban which to cooperate with the gov ernment, the board of trade directors last night placed on all new buying of November and December deliveries of corn. The market closed unsettled. 1h to 1Mc net higher. with December s1.16A to $1.16M and s1.111k to s1.11M May. Oats advanced A@%o to ssc, and provisions wound up unchanged to 5bc higher.
 Notwithstanding that tho announced purpose of the board of trade directors was to prevent existing scarcity of corn in elevators here from bringing about a jump in values the first effect was to increase anxiety on the part of shorts, who feared that they would be unable to obtain corn to fill contracts. Rains and snow were reported as delaying the crop from drying out, and there were also advices at hand that husking had been impeded to material extent by scar city of labor on farms. Under such cir cumstances, the market closed at the topmost point reached.
 Oats sympathized with the advance or corn. Rural offerings continued light. despite immense reserves in farmers hands.
 Strength in hogs and corn lifted provis- ions. Lard, especially. tended to soar.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25

what Is the railroad going to do? The answer Is that It is going to get the same results by developing operating effici. ency
 How many people know that . loco. motive whose earning power even before the war was figured at $A an holI spends 12 hours and 57 minutes out oi each "A hours In tho hands of the me chanical department, undergoing re- pairs of ono sort or another. and only four hours and two minutes of the 24 pulling trainsf About Is per cent of all the locomotives are ordinarily under re- pair; if the percentage Is reduced to ic which figure has been reached by soms roads, the result would be an addition of 1925 locomotives to tho number in serv- ice
 How many people know that the aver- age daily movement of each freight car country is 4o.5 tons, and that the aver age load carried in each freight car was 25.2 tons In 1s1G ar 27.s tons in Juhs of 1917? That Ia . good increase, but the figures still mean that a lot of empty freight car space Is being pulled about the country with fuel and labor and now equipment at high record prices.
 How many people know that tho aver age dwaly movement of each freight 'ay Is now only about the distance that can be covered in an hour? That tho rail- roads are alive to their opportunities ia evident from the following statement given out this week by Fairfax Harrfso1 chairman of the railway war boarI: Freight locomotives in repair or awA14 ing repair In July last year amounted to 44s0. Tn July this year only 4l21 needed shop attention. reduction of 7.e per cent. Last year the July statistics showed that railroad locomotives had an average of 64.4 miles per day. In July this year they made ss.s miles Freight cars made an average of 26.4 miles IT. July last year. This year they made 3.s miles, an increase of 7.2 per cent"
 According to official figures published this week, during the month of July the railroads handled 20 per cent moro freight than during tho corresponding period of last year. with an increase of only l.3 per cent and 2s per cent. re- spectively. in the number of locomotives and freight cars owned. If freight rateh are Increased there will be . let-down in the work of developing operating ef- ficfency. That would be bad for the railroads themselves R. [. B.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
STOCK MARKET GETS 0FF RATHER SLOWLY
Liberty Day and a Severe Storm Interrupt Commun-
 ications Bears Busy

Now York, October 24-Observance of session to two hours, and a severe storm. which interrupted communication with this center, combined to limit to- day's dealings on the stock exchange to slight preparations.
 Bears availed themselves of these con- ditions to renew their attacks against various issues, concentrating upon the rails, probably because of the unfavor- able returns for August reported by the interstate commerce commission.
 Union Pacific was under most severe pressure, falling almost points to sll7z its lowest price in several years Other Pacifics, grangers, coalers. cotton car riers: In fact, the general transportation division. lost to points, with many new minimuns for the current move- ment.
 Shippings wore almost the sole fea- lures of strength, scoring advances or to 2M points, virtually all of which were retained. Utilities were again un- settled, few gas shares rallying from their recent depression, while others. notably local fractions. added to points to losses of the early week.
 Short covering in the final trading ef- fected recoveries of as much as point in some of the leaders. United States Steel closing at slight loss after hav- ing fallen almost . point
 Bonds followed tho trend of stocks. manifesting further heayiness in indus trials and utilities Liberty 3Ms were again tho outstanding feature at 99. B to ess2 and contributed overwhelmingly to total bond sales, par value. of s6'- i75,op.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
COTTON MAKES NEW
 HIGH RECORD PRICE
Positions This Side of March in the Rise Due to Condi-
 tion of the Weather

New York, October 24.-Thers was a further sharp advance in the cot- to nmarket today with all positions this side of March making new high records owing to unfavorable weath- CT conditions in the eastern belt. Co., tober contracts sold up to 295Oc, or s2 per bale above last nights closing price, while December touched 2sc, or 36 points net higher. At 150 points over December there appeared to be more October for sale, however, and that delivery reacted, closing at 2oc, while there were moderate reactions on later months under realizing, with the general list closing barely steady, net 10 points lower to 36 points high CT. October showed the loss, with oth- CT months unchanged at 36 points above last nights closing figures.
 Owing to the. coast storm which ap- peared to be central near Washington weather advices were delayed in "eaching the exchange, but the re- ports received indicated that the cold wave had reached eastern sections of he belt, According to private advices -eihperdtuTe at AtlaHta dropped 10 zS degrees, the lowest on record at that point for October. while the official
 eports showed very low temperatures It Montgomery. Raleigh, Atlanta, Fort smith and Little Rock. The forecast was for fair and warmer weather In he western belt, but another high barometer was reported on the north Pacific coast which led some of the local map readers to expect another ;ool wave toward the end of the week. Buying by Liverpool and trade inter- ests quickly absorbed the offerings. tnd after opening unchanged to g points lower the market advanced sharply on covering. January sold up 70 27.45c and March to 2714c. with she general list showing net advances of 20 to 40 points during the middle of the morning. The close was about 10 to IF points off from the best on active positions.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
Zbyszko Fails to
 Secure Exemption

Saco Me. October A-The local exemp- tion board today reafrirmed a decision by which 1t refused to exempt waldech Cyganiewiez, known as Waidek Zbyszko, the wrestler, from the selective draft. Zbyszko, who now is at Camp Devens. Aver, Mass, claimed exemption on the ground that his mother and sister, living in Austria. were dependent upon him. After the local board had denied tho claim a month ago Zbyszko appealed to the state board and to President Wilson. The President returned the case to the. local board.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25

ANU H Eh SONii LfbAANA
 During the third quarter Howard at- tempted a forward pass which was in- complete and the refree getting possess sion of the ball placed 1t down at noint eight yards In advance of the noint at which 1t was put in play on the attempted pass. The head linesman was appealed to to set the re1ree straight and he said that the refree was running the game. that he was hold ing his rod at the point where the ball was put in play. The Marion coach vio- lated the rules by running onto the field of play and objecting, whereupon the ball was grudgingly brought nacK within yard or so of the proper place.
 In this period also occurred the illegal substitution of a player. Hall Of Howard was taken out and in his place was substituted player who had played In a previous period. The whfs- tie blew for play to begin and again the Marion coach rushed on tho field. They player was sent out of tho game, but the refree would not give the pen atty, which Is half tho distance to the goal line. This penalty which was cer- tainly due, would have placed Marion on Towards 20-yard line. At this point penalties began to be declared against Marion for numerous offences, totaling in all 65 yards. Marion. in her two for mer games, had not been penalized al all, having been complmented by tho officials for so clean a record. Dur ing the last half Howard was not pom alized at all.
 The referee may have been honestly ignorant of football rules. but if so. he should have been honest enough not to take a position that he was wholly incompetent to fill. To be honestly ignorant Is to be ignorantly unfair.
 The game of football cannot be in- terestng to the spectators. to the players. to the schools represented, nor in any other way unless good officials are provided. Even our prep schools de- serve competent set of officials.
 DIDN'T WANT TO ROB
 A number of men who claimed to have money on Howard went to the men with whom they placed the money. after Howard was a clear winner ac- cording to the referees decision. mind you. and took down the bets, saying they would not be party to a robbery
 The robbery referred to being given Howard her last touchdown, in which when the men were implied the hall was in the possession of a Marion man. the decision being that the ball had crossed the goal line in tho possess sion of Howard and stolen by Marion and brought back into the field of play. There is no rule in tho rule book to prevent a player. when he sees an opponent trying to place the ball over the goal line by thrusting it away ahead of him. from snatching tho ball and running back into the field of play.
 In the interest of the game of foot ball the press could condemn poor of ficiating as they have done in tho in- terest of baseball. Good officiating Is the best preventive of roughness and unsportsmanlike conduct, and poor of hciating a positive encouragement of the same.
 Thanking you for the courtesy of your attention. I am sincerely,
 B. M. PARKS.
 October 21, 1917.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
Cotton Takes a Big Jump and Sets
 Season Record Price of 29.25 Cents
By JOHN c. MOSES


 and went up slightly. Provisions stiff ward trail
 On the New York stock exchange trad Ing was curtailed owing to observance of Liberty Day. Industrials yielded ] to 2 points, while utilities were under renewed pressure. particularly fractions. Sales of the day approximated 275.e0o shares Bonds were somewhat lower with large transactions in the liberty is- sue.
 Bad weather and labor scarcity has en- tered into thef uture dealings in grain md cotton and these elements Will hgufe more or less in all markets in the lm- mediate future. Farm hands are being offered big advances in wages by large industries thus leaving the producer In an embarrassing position.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25

Marion institute followers feel as though their football team was given a raw, deal at Redwood Saturday in the game against Howard college. Protests on the officiating went up from all sides. especially from the followers of the cadets. who claimed they were getting the little end of the problem.
 Yesterday a letter from B. M. Parkes, director of Athletics at Marion. was re- ceived, setting forth the grievances of the cadets and instances where they thought they had been wronged. The letter in full follows,
 Sporting Editor of The Age-Herald, Bir-
 mingham:
 Can you give me little space on your sporting page to say a few things about the Howard-Marion game of Saturday?
 We feel that you hardly got before the public some of the important facts of the game.
 The Marion team asked by letter that Coach Longwell send to Marion a list of officials procured for tho game. as he contract called for an agreement upon the officials. Mir. Longwell did not ac- knowledge receipt of the letter and ac- cordins to his own statement waited till Saturday morning to get officials. spend ing he entire morning trying to set them. At that time the majority of the men competent to officiate semed. &C., cording to Mir. Longwelrs statement. to be out of town, so Marion must accept those provided at the last minute.
 MARION'S FIRST INSTANCE
 In the second quarter, with the score e to in favor of Howard. Davis cf Marion ran with the ball. A tackler hit him, but with a twist he was off and down the field for 20 more yards. Tn referee brought the ball back to the spot of the missed tackle, saying that at that point he had blown his whistle. When asked his reason he said that the tackler had momentarily checked the advance of the ball. yet the runner was not in the Srasp of an opponent nor did any part of ther unner save his feet touch the ground. Were 1t allowed that ball be dead when its advance is nomentarily checked in the open field open field running would be stopped for many a runner momentarily checks himself In lodging and side stepping and always In shaking off a tackler.
 At the end of the half Marion made touchdown and kicked the ball not only over the goal but over the fence. which was the last that was seen If that ball. When ball was borrowed from the Marion manager and play was ready to begin. trouble began instead. Marion was now in the lead. At the be- ginning of the game Howard had wone the toss. so at the beginning of the half it was Marion's choice. She took her goal and lined up to receive a kick, when the referee at the request of How ard, tried to force Marion to kick te Howard, a matter clearly In violatino of the rules. The referee had to be shown the rule before he would make Howard kick. Howard kicked, the ball goins out of bounds and the referee was about to let Howard kick again from the same
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
PRINCETON ELEVEN
 TO PLAY SOLDIERS

Princeton, N. J., October 24.---A foot ball team. consisting of former coll lege stars who are now with the na- tional army at Camp Dix. Wrights- town, N. J.. will play an 'informar' Princeton eleven in the Stadium next Saturday. it was announced tonight. The Princeton team will be composed chiefly of undergraduates and alumni, varsity football having been aban- doned because of the war
 Marion Wilson. who was elected cap- tain of this years team, but who left college to enlist. will play with tao' Tigers.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
Birmingham Live Stock

Union Stockyards.) Fed Steers: Good to Choice-79716. Medium to Good-6@7c. Common to Medium-51aQ6c Grass cattle, according to weight. quai- ity and flesh: Steers-6G7c. Fat Cows-61a07c. Medium Cows-515G6c. Cutters-5651ac. Canners4%G5c. Heavy Bulls-6c. Light Bulls-5Q61sc. Oxen--4d6c. Fat Yearlings-5k@6c. Medium Yearlings-4A@5c Vealers-6@7c. Hogs: Choice Corn Fed Hogs, 1855 and Up- 15@16c.
 Choice Corn Fed Hogs, 11 to 15o-l4 @15c.
 Choice Corn Fed Hogs. 90 to 11-lz @14c.
 Light Pigs, 90 Pounds Down-11Q12c. Best Heavy Rough Hogs-121s@14c. Half Fat Hogs-l0Ql1c. Soft and oil hogs from 1c to 2c per pound less than above prices
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25

Cotton hit the high places yesterday, October closing at 2e.2Sc, new record for the season. Weather clements en- tered into the future dealings In grain and all positions this side of March showed large gains. coast storm made wire news In New York rather flighty. October shorts renewed their covering, helping to run up the record price. Low temperatures in the belt were reported late in the day. which helped stiffen the earlier rises.
 In spite of tho ban placed on deal ings In corn futures by the board Of trade in Chicago on Tuesday, prices ad- vanced slightly. due in part to the de- mand of shorts who wished to liqiudate contracts. Oats sympathized with corn
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
Hubbard Bros. & Co.

Cotton Merchants, Hanover Nqumre, Y. change. New orieans Cotton Exchange
 new York Produce. Exchange Associate Members liverpool Cotton Association
 sale of Cotton and Cotton Seed oil for fYfure. delivery. Special attention and liberal termf xiven for consignments Qf onco tuVtteo.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
Money Markets

Now York, October 24-Mercantiie pa- per, 5la per cent; sterling 60-day bills, 4.711a per cent; commercial 6O-day bills, l.n per cent; commercial GO-day bills, l.70N per cent; demand, 4.75A per cent: cables, 4.76 7-16 per cent. Bar silver, s21ac. Time loans steady; 60 days, 6Q6N per cent; 90 days 5Ad5h per cent; six months, 6@@5& per cent. Call money firm; high, per cent; low, BIZ per cent; ruling rate. 4 per cent; closed 31b014 per cent; last loan, 4 per cent. Francs: be- mand, 5.771a per cent; cables, 575% per cent. Builders: Demand, 42N per cent: cables 4SA per cent. Lires: Demand, 7.s6 per cent; cables. 7.85 per cent. Ru- bles: Demand, 13.40 per cent; cables, 1860 per cent. Mexican dollars, 62Nc. Gov ernment bonds steady: railroads bonds heavy.
 London. October 24.-Bar. silver, 41ysd per ounce. Money. per cent Discount rates: Short bills, 4ss per cent. Three months bills, AZ per cent.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
s. R. Stewart & Co.

lo1-2 Woodward nlds.. Birmfnghnm. Ala. Cotton. stocks. bonds, grain. provisions and cotton seed oil. New Orleans cor respondents Jno. F. Clark $ Co Direct private wire. continuous quotations.
 Phsns Main uey. V. !. PnnLTs. Msn
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
Fruits and Produca

Fruits and Produce Bananas-S.175G2.2 Fresh Peanuts-12c ID. Oranges-California s45o. Lemons-s550 crate. Irish Potatoes-$1.9o Spanish Onions-S2.50 crate. Onions, Yellow-Sf.75 crate. Onions-In bulk, 31zc lb. Navy Beans-16c lb Limes-Imported, 90cGs1. Apples-Box, s2.7S. Plneapples-$325 crate, California Plums-s2. 250250 per crate. Sweet Potatoes-$2.50. Peaches-S3.50 crate. Glapes-s2 per crate. Concord Grapes-23c basket. California Malaga apes-s1.759 so Colorado Celery-90c doz., s5 crate. Cranberries-s3.25 per crate. Lettuce-90c@sl 25; per hamper. s2.5o Snap Beans-$2.25. Cabbage-3c per ib.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
New York Futures
Port Cotton Market

New Orleans: Mlddling, 27.75c; receipts, '6,1S0; sales. 2065; stock, 161, ,271.
 Galveston: Middling, 27.75c; receipts, t2.9l2; sales, 11sS; stock, 210892.
 Mobile: Middline. 28c; receipts, 1857; sales, 500; stock. 165T.
 Savannah: Middiing. 27.sSc; receipts, 5061; sales, 2949; stock, ITO. 43S.
 Charleston: Receipts, 1875; stock. N, ,2S7. Norfolk: Receipts 35s3 Baltimore: Stock 24.57a
 Boston: Middiing, z9.ooc; receipts, 74e; stock, 9000
 Phila delphia: Middling. so.1So; receipts, 65; stock. 6S13
 New York: MiddlinE. as.soo; receipts, 5930 stock, SS,S11.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25

extras. 45A @ 46c; creamery extras, s2 score, 44% @45c; frsts, 48@44Nc Eggs. irregular. receipts. 1S.004: fresh gathered extras, 45@46: extra frsts 43@44Ac; firsts. S9@42c. Cheese, un- settled: receipts. 1923: state, fresh spe- cials, 23A @23Ac; state. average run. 22a O 23c.
 higher; creamery. SSH 042Ac. Eggs. receipts. 7637 cases. unchanged. Po- tatoes. receipts. 10 cars, unchanged Poultry. alive. higher; fowls. 150lsc; springs. 19c.
 St. Louis, October 24.-Poultry, un- changed, except springs. 1sc; turkeys, 27c; geese 16Ac. Butter, unchanged Eggs. ss@ssMc
 Hubbard Bros. & Co.'S Letter
 New York. October 2A-New high prices were recorded today largely on splnners' buying of December hedges. Many who had bought on the decline of Monday took their profits on the advance. The storm interrupted the teiegraphic ,service throughout the country. but 1t Is under stood that the cold wave extended over northern Georgia and the Carolinas be- low the freezing point. All our advices point to severe damage and smaller crop than seemed possible month ago. The absence of speculation Ia shown in lack of buyers to absorb the hedges sold for the spring months at such discount from the immediate months. The market closes at new high prices with the long interest which liquidated on Saturday and Monday. now in the hands of spin ners, Western traders are believed to be short on the basis of price The ginners' report Is expected to be about [. 400, 900.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
New Orleans Futures
Liverpool Cotton

Liverpool. October 24-Cotton. spot quiet: prices steady. Good middling, 21.02d; middling. 2052d; low middling. 2OO2d; good ordinary. 1907d: ordinary. 1S.57d. Sales. 5000, including 2500 Amer ican; receipts, 55,Ooo, including 342OO Amer ican. Futures closed barely steady New contracts: January. 19.S6d; March, 19. 4Od: May, 19d Old contracts, fixed prices: October, 1S.72d; December-January, 1S.76d; January February, 1S.65d; March-April. 1S.47d; May-June. 13.31d.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-10-25
Coffee Market

New York. October N.--With Brazilian cables showing no fresh feature and with half holiday locally there was very little business in the market for cof-