davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
CUPID ALARMED
BY WAR NEWS
Amazing Rush of Couples to
Crown Point, the Great
est Gretna Green.
Especial to THE TrMEs.)

CROWN POINT. md April 5.-The
possibility of war seems to have greatly
stimulated the marriage business at
Lake county's Gretna Green. the in
crease of licenses issued being greatly
in excess Of the same period Of time
last year. Whether the newly made
benedicts hope to escape military serv-
ice. in the hope that the government viii
draft the single men first is not known,
but since the chances Of a possible out
break of hosulities there has been a
noticeable increase in the number of
couples here. especially from Chicago.
The following got licenses yesterday:
Edward Gahan and Agnes Ernest,
Joliet. Ill. Chester Carney and Marie
Mitchell. Chicago; John Neil and Helen
Noetzel Chicago; Helen Capalby and
Josephine j. Paula. South Chicag
Horace IT, Yarbrough and Mabel DUR
band. Chicago Howard WayIand and
Grace Wusey. Chicago; Frederick Till
fConfInued on page t~o.J
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
(Ry United Press }

WASHINGTON, April 5.-The
house today sounded the battle cry
and prepared to make war against
Germany reality within twenty
four hours or less. Speeches, fred
with patriotism, called on members
to hasten passage of the war reso-
luton. Some pacifsm developed
but there was no question as to the
ultimate outcome.
Chairman Flood Of the house
committee called up the war reso-
luton at 10:15 and the members
preceded to consider it. Repre-
sentative Harrison. a democratic
leader on the committee, opened
the debate. He said:
We are great nation. we glory in
our history and priceless heritage.
refuse to believe that we have degen-
Grated in our national ideas. that we
have forgotten the teachings of our
fathers and are not now willing to fight
for those principles they so courage
ously defended and upheld in the early
history of the country. We are going to
(Continued on p,we tuoY
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
u. 6. ASKS LOCAL
HELP IN PLOTS

1 Ert Slack. United States district
attorney at Indianapolis issued letter
to Prosecuting Attorney .. Hunter and
a number OF prosecuting attorneys in
Indiana, asking their cooperation
with federal officials in the present
International crisis.
IN view Of the present unsettled
condition OF the country's foreign af-
fairs the letter read. 1t IS important
that every available precautton should
be taken TO guard against acts hostile
to THE interests and welfare of the
people and the government of the
United states. and TO this end to use
all possible loyal insfrumentalities
now ia existence to secure general and
constant vigilance I'm detecting and
thwarting hostile and unfriendly acts.
and in discovering those who are en-
gaged IN them before they can accomp-
iish their purpose"
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
GERMANY
CHARGING
BAD FAITH

BERLIN. April 5.-Bitter criticism
of what was termed Wilson'S bad faith.
charges that England commanded the
Indictment Of the kaiser and insist
ence that there is no cause for war
between Germany and America. fea-
tured Berlin newspaper comment to-
day On the American executives
speech just received
Violent antagonism was expressed
against the Wilson separation of the
German government from the German
people. The semi-official Lokal Anz-
erger asserted that Wilson's speech
was contradictory because America is
not lighting for American lives and
American interests as Wilson claimed.
1t challenged Wilson 70 give a reason
able answer to the question Of why he
surrendered TO England's prohibition
OF American trade. The war. said this
paper is without reasonable cause.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
PLACE DAMPER ON
NATURALIZATION

German subjects. no matter now long
their residence in the United states, can
not become citizens of this country at
amy time during a war with Germany
and more than forty applications in the
federal court at Hammond Will either
be denied or carried over. according to
an opinion of the department of labor
In case Of war with the other nations
Of the Central Powers the same ruling
viii apply 10 their subjects i'm this coun-
try It appears that the entire settings
of applications for second papers at the
October term. including the petitions Of
thirty Germans. and many Hungarians.
will thus be carried over until after the
war
Judge Anderson has called jury in
the Hammond federal court for the week
of April II. There are three jury cases
for trial which were filed in the super
ior court and transferred by the defend
ants They are personal injury cases
against nonresident corporations and
follow: Ray VS.. FIarbison- Walker Re
fractories. Callahan vs.. Michigan Cen
tral Railway. and John Schubert VS..
GrasseIi Chemical Company. There
are equity cases set for hearing and
forty-two petitions for second papers to
be heard. IT is probable that war viii
be declared prior TO that time and the
judge not able to pass on many of these
papers.
The opinion of the department Of la
hor is that no subject of a belligerent
country may he naturaiized during a
stale Of war and this is concurred in ~
the secretary of state.
II rs probable thar subjects af bolit~
crent nations would sull have The privil-
oge of declaring their intentions OF be
coming citizens
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
(BULLETIE.)
Nv Uufred R--z


WASHINGTON, April 5.-The gover1-
ment today took its first active step ia
preparation for war. Secretary OF the
Treasury McAdoo asked congress to ap-
propr1ate about three billion four hun
dred million dollars for army and navy
expenses. Secretary of the Navy Dan
!els asked that the navy personnel be
increased from $1,000 to Sl5o.ooo and
the marine corps from 1900 to 10000.
The army, AdcAdoo said, would require
two billion nine hundred and thirty-two
million five hundred and thirty-seveu
dollars, and the navy S292, ,537, ,7eo, in
addition to regular expenses. Besides
the sums mentioned Daniels through
McAdoo asked an additional Sl75,655,7el
TO be available until June. 1918, to cara
for the additional force of the navy and
marine corps.
The vast sum will be raised through
bond issues. The rate Of interest on III.
bonds is to be about three or three and
a half per cent. The federal reserve
board as previously planned will have
charge of the issue as wei as financing
all war expenses.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
TROOPS TO BE
MOVED FROM ONE
STATE TO OTHER

WASHINGTON. April 5.-Command
ers Of the SIX general departments Of
tie army were instructed from WASH
fnEton last night to move national
guard forces already called into the
federal service to any strategic point
within their jurisdiction. The order
involves some Illinois troops
The effect Of the order Il thai ae-
partment commanders may send troops
Of one state into another state where
conditions seem to demand more pro-
-ectiou aatn available local forces can
pro iie
FHE TatES refraits fra
places thus TO he guarded, observing
the governments request THAT such
information he Wthheld)
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
WHITING BOY
TO FRENCH FRONT

WHITING. md. April 5-As told
last week in these columns, Albert
Gavu son of Attorney and Mrs. Frank
n. Gavit Of oliver street, who is a law
student at the University Of Chicago.
left Whiting yesterday and is off for
the war in Europe.
The young man recently filed an ap-
plication to serve in the American
ambulance corps in France which was
accepted. As a result he started on
his long trip yesterday. leaving for
New York. from where he will set sal
on Saturday for Europe. where he viii
90 service IN the American ambulance
corps on the battleheIds of France. He
expects 10 be gone six months. when
he VIII return and resume his studies
at the University Of Chicago
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
In.ites Aid of the PubIIc.

The letter suggests that the prose
cutors and their deputies be alert in
inquiring about any hostile persons or
plots and that they seek the aid of
the people generally In doing this.
Furthermore. it Is suggested that the
prosecutors communicate with the dis
trict attorney Of any discoveries they
may make.
In issuing the letter, Mr.. Slack ad-
vises the prosecutors in carrying out
these suggestions to manage this mat
ter confdentially as far as possible.
aud avoid any action which would tend
To stir up the foreign population OF
the country by unwarranted arrests
er to cause apprehension on the part
Of such population of unfair treat
ment. and to arrange that all contem-
plated arrests. insofar as the circum-
stances will permit. he submitted 10
the proper federal officers for consid-
GRAFTON before such action IS taken. %
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
DEATH OF
CHAS. KASSON

charles Kasson. So Webb street. one
or Hammond's pioneer citizens. and
one of.its most respected and best
known people. passed away at his
home today He would have been IS
wears old had he lived until next May
Mr Kasson had been poorly for some
time. The funeral arrangements viii
be announced later.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

At MONDAY
LUNCHEON

Patriotism reigned supreme at the
MONDAY luncheon of the members
council at the Chamber of Commerce
today when nearly 100 business and
professional men gave strict attention
to stirring addresses made ny Judge Y.
; Reiter. Frank Gavit Of whiting. and
Sergeant w 5. Welch Of the United
States army.
The hall was conspicuously decorated
In the national colors. \ large flag
hung over the speakers table and at
each plate a big red apple carried
small American flag which each mem
ber soon transferred to the lapel OF
his coat.
Sergeant WeIch. local recruiting Of
ficer. in his address said:
THE American soldier is not appre-
ciated by the average citizen. He IS
looked down upon and people consid-
er him an outcast OF society, an IN
desirable. How many of You ever as
sisted a soldier? The militia boys
guarding the bridges ia this vicinity
are an example. This morning I saw
one of them coming from his post. wet
and raggled. How many OF You
would take him in. warm him and feed
him? This is one Of the reasons WHY
il is so hard to get recruits. The bet
ter class OF young men, who have fine
homes do not care to Join the army.
They think that it's a disgrace to en-
list: they are afraid Of being laughed
At It is high time the people awaken.
The country needs an army now as
It has never before needed one. In
times of peace the recruiting officers
must talk wages to prospective re-
eruits Now the Young men must feel
that their patriotism demands them to
ioin. This office ranks second in this
section of the country in enlistments,
but today. the day war was virtually
declared. but one recruit left.
When war is actually declared
would like 10 see Hammond elaborate
1 III decorated. 1t is also the duty Of
every true American to help suppress
the German agitators. Any remarks
heard derogatory to the country
should be remembered and the agitator
arrested. have heard several COM
plants and am taking steps TO curb
I this outrage.
The council unanimously agreed to
help in any way the work Of Sergeant
We1ch.
The talks Of Judge Reiter and MI.
Gavit broaehed along patriotic lines
/ and were warmly applauded.
\ delegation from the chamber IS
expected to attend pHbitr patriotic
demonstration in East ca-e&go toata t.
Partly cloudy tonight; lowest tenn
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
TWO CONTRACTS
TO BE GRANTED
Especial to THE TIMES J

GROWN POINT, IND. April 5.-The
Lake. county commissioners in session
today have two Improvement CON
tracts to let. The first is for a small
steel bridge over the West Creek in
Hanover township for which an APP
Precipitation of s2,1oo has been made.
The second Is the Frank Hoffman road
In Ross township of which the esti-
mated cost is $4,000
Liquor licenses were granted and
bills allowed this morning
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
AETNA is ROBBED
OF POWDER

Police of Calumet region cities and
chief Of Detectives Charles Iarkin Of
Chicago were notified yesterday by the
Aetna Powder Company that 1000
pounds of blasting powder had been
stolen from the eompanys plant at
Aetna, Ind The theft is supposed to
have taken place Tuesday.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
(EULLETTN.y
Nv uni1ad PIE g

WASHINGTON, April s. - Reading
what he declared TO be unpublished por-
tions of the Zimmerman letter seeking
TO align Mexico against the United
States, Representative Miller Of Mime
sofa, in the house this afternoon, de-
clared the plot included the establish
ment OF submarine bases at Mexican
ports. He also declared Germany plans
TO use reservtsts in aggressive moves
against the United States along the
Mexican border. DTiller's talk came dur
ing the debate. He declared reservists
were 70 attack with 1Ee,lico and that
reservtats were now making munitions
IN Mexico while in the last few days
inunition cargoes had been delivered OK
the west coast villa, he said, is guy
rounded with German officers.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
| FOLLETTE
IS BIT TERLY
DENOUNCED
Wisconsin Senator Is Called
Worse Than BethHan- HOIlWeg
By Senator Williams,

WASHINGTON, April 5.-The
government and people of the Unit
ed States will be formally at war
with the imperial German govern
ment by today.
At eleven minutes attire II last
night the Senate by a vote of 81 to
6 passed the joint resolution fixing
this status.
The men who voted against the deela-
ration Of war were six of the little
group Of willful men" who prevented
the passage of the armed neutrality bill
They We're.
DEMoCRATs@Lane, Oregon; stone,
Missouri; vardaman, Mississippi.
BLICANS-Gronna, North Da-
rota; LaFouette, wisconsin, Norris Na-
-nrasEa.
4he vote came after eleven hours Of
debate Five speeches only We're made
against the resolution. and all opposi-
tor collapsed with the speech of Ia
Tsllette. which lasted four hours. Ia
T.aJette was scored BY Senator Williams
who said:
The speech Of the Wisconsin senator
weuld have better become Herr Won
Pethroann-HolIwe than an American
sonstor > said Senator Williams.
aTn fact he has gone further than
4re~- con F3e+hn,ann-T5ollyveg would ever
- aono t2atbr,ann-T4o11,veg eatd The
. - the s,,1,,,,ari,,a could he iustieea
-. -, +ta s,ro,,,d of recassitv. the
sa-,s4o- from, xyiscnosin nnts il ON the
e..,.t,,.. c.-o.+ r7,-;+ai,,,s i.,tare.r-
.-a
= - 49,. . e
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

WASHINGTON, April 5.-Amer-
lean Ambassador PeDfieId will
leave Vienna for Washington to-
morrow. The department refused
to say whether PeDheId's return
would he permanent The Amert-
can embassy at Vienna will remain
open In charge of attaches.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
ny United PRESS cnbIeersm.,

PARIS, April 5.-fFrencb 5roor.
hh-ius reSohhoisance Of ground
""r'h or ROY during dhe night as
inr as the "ernan Zines which they
i"und occupied IN force. declared
tonhSs oaticiai statement. describ-
ing the lighting around st. Qucn-
tin.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

NY I nited Press tabIegram.)
AMSTERDAM. April 5="Amer-
lea can not harm Germany any
more as an enemy than as a neu-
trail" declared Count Won ReVent-
low, In editorial comments in the
Berlin Pndges Zeitung. received
here today. president Wilson hns
decided to enter the war simply he
cause If the entente is ruined by
the conflict ii would he unable to
pay debts which it has contracted
in America
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

LONDON, April 5.-The belgian
relief ship Trevier. has beep tor-
pedOed and sunk by submarine.
according 10 Holland dispatch
received here today Twenty-fOur
members Of the crew hnve been
landed safely, eight of them
wounded.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
CBy nited PresS.D

NEW YORK. April 5.-The Bel
Sian relief ship Feistein, has been
sunk in the North Sea near Rotter-
dam. according to cabIegrau re-
cefVed here today by the COM
mission.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

LONDON, April 5.-Capture of
two Villages near st. Quentin with
twenty-five German prisoners was
reported ~ the days progress of
the British by Field Marshal Hai=.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
Latest
Bulletins
tBy United Press CsbIcgran,.)

N"t "EtVu T FtNs Z HnIcS oItI.I
LONDON, April 5.-Britisb and
russian troops have effected
9uhctl"n and Pefsin has been
cleared of all Turkish forces. The
British and Russians came in
contact at khanikan.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

~ 1"'tFu tFEs NADIFls raIn-l
BJ JENOs AIRES, April 5.-Re-
ports persisted here today that a
British cruiser had sunk the Ger
man sailing rHIder SeeadIcr. No
confirmation was ObtainabIe.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

MAKING
SPEECHES
Government Takes First iCtiVe
Step in Preparation For
War in Bond Issues
(BULLETIN.l
BY United Press.

WASHINGTON, April 5-Chairman
Flood of the house foreign relations
committee this afternoon announced II
would be ten or IL o'clock tonight before
vote could be taken on the war reso-
luton.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05
(BULLETIN.)
BY United Press.

WASHINGTON, April 5.-The NJ
sourian, an American steamer with 81
Americans aboard, has been torpedoed
and sunk without warning In the HTedi-
teranean, according to a dispatch re-
ceived by the state department. from the
United States consul at Genoa All wero
reported saved.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

Rear Admiral John U. Upshur is
the dean of the United States navy.
He is now in his ninety fourth year
RE served with distinction in the
North Atlantic fleet during the Civil
war and retired in 1885.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

TIMES ads nre persOnnI messages -
the people Of ThIs community from tn
merchants.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

Partly cloudy tonight; lowest tenn
peratmre near freezing. Friday fair
and werner: Stroa= northeast Winds.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

5Continued on page two.-
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1917-04-05

CONTINUED on pAEe two,I
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-12-04
HOLSTEIN SALE.
Continued from Page ID

Cross, referred to the necessity OF
licking Germany and culogized Fresi-
dent Wilson as the greatest man in the
world today. He stated that money
was az badly needed as blood in the
prosecution of hostilitiea. In conclu-
sion Mr.. Wainright declared his inten-
tion of returning TO Scrvia and his de-
sire to take with him shipment Of
Holatein cattle. and said he would like
to arrange with the final purchaser Of
Alcarta 10 make her one CT the lot.
c. ". Ellis. IT.. was the final speaker
and he described many scenes which
he has witnessed III largn cities upon
the departure Of troops and then ex-
planned the breeding of Aleartra
Alcartra win be disposed Of at $50
clock thi3 afternoon.
When the sale was finally started the
bidding opened brightly and continued
at a good pace. Before adjournment
for luncheon Is head of cattle had been
disposed of at an average of $500 each.
\ daughter of King OF the Pontiac s
consigned by ". ". Sherman of Hart,
ford, Conn, brought s405, this being
the biggest price paid during the open
ing session. She was purchased by
John L. George Of Sudlersville, Md.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-12-04
PARCcHIAL SCHcCL TESTS.
Marks Given Pupils as Result of No
vembec Examinations.

Following are the results Of the tests
taken by the children of st. Michael s
Parochial school in November:
Grade 9-Highest average, Mary
Grady, 90 Evelyn Austin, %; Elsie
Danyew, %; Mary Curry, 81; George
Shea, 90; Eugene McGarrigle, IS; vii
liam Connors, 81; Marie Long, 50;
Laura Lapaga, 81; Mary Masajada, 81;
Francis Masajada, u; Ruth Maxson,
IS.
Grade s-ITighest average, Florence
Danyew, 93; Marjorie Baker, %; James
Baker, 90; Ruth Clarity, 90; Robert
Pidgeon. 50; Alice Bovce, 90; Elizabeth
NhecAy, 81; Mary Tarrant, 81; Eugene
Moran, 81; Fred Gonyer, 81; Mary
O'Con1or, ST. George Young, 80;
James Griffin, 50; Mary O'Connor in
October, So
Grade Highest average, Josephine
O'Connor, 90; 80 or over, Margaret
Danyew, Ruth Filion, Christina McGar-
rigle, Ruth Defner, Mary Carey, Gladys
Portor, Elizabeth Grady; SO or over,
Susan Curry, Helen Austin, Maurice
Austin; October, Gladys Portor 90; 81,
san Curry. So.
Grade Highest average, Florence
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-12-04
Central Vermont Ry.
Corrected TO December ., 1917.
Trains Leave Brattleboro.

Trains Leave Brattleboro.
GOO a. m. Except Sunday. For New
London.
o.o5 n. m. Except Sunday. Tor South
Londonderry.
0.2o q. m. Except Sunday. For New
York via Springfield.
40 p. m. Except Sunday. For Keene,
New London and New York
via the Norwich Line
steamers.
GOO p. m. Except Sunday. Local for
South Londonderry.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-12-04
TO RENDER BEETHOVEN QUARTET
String Quartet Has Excellent Program
fer Tomorrow Evening.

The Mendessohn Guar-ct which iur
nishes the annual muSicalr % the Brattlr-
boro Woman's club Wednesday evening
at o'clock III the Centre Congregational
church is composed OF Miss Laura Jones.
first violin. Ralph Burnett, second violin.
Miss Mabel Turner, viola, Henry Loose
voloncello. The program to be civ n as.
surcs an evening Of much pleasure and sat
is.action to all who avail themselves OF
the opportunity to hear an exceptionally
we'll chosen program. The quartet will
play the Beethoven quartet in c minor,
OF IS Beethoven is best known in or
chestral works, which reveal all the trag-
c fire and dramatic strength of his na-
ture, hut it is in his string quartets that
he is most spiritual and mystical. This
is due frs; to the nature Of the four com
Lined instruments, so pure and ethereal
in their tone effects. The melodies move
freely in a wide compass, the voices eros,
each other frequently. Widely extended,
open harmony is often employed bringing
out wonderful effects of the stiings, sen
arated by long intervals ne.wevu she
several parts of the chord
They will play also a French synlphcny
with piano, Danse Anciens. by Delibes.
Mouton. very beautiful in its simplicity
and quietness. There will be solos for
.iolin and viola. The viola il last com
ing to the front as a solo instrument,
tie deep quality of tone giving q most
leasing effect
The meeting will be open to the public
I'd it is hoped o large music loving au-
dionce will greet these players, who Will
give q program Of such unUsua! merit
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-12-04
I Cannon. So; over 50, Mary Morse. Mar

Cannon, So; over 50, Mary Morse. Mar
garet Maxson.
Grade Highest average, Roger
ShiPman, 90 90 or over, Mabel Radaili,
John Guiheen, Katherine IIaus, Helen
Long, Timothy O'Connor, Edward Cur
tin; 50 or over, Stasia Masajada, Eve
lyn Rousseau, Aldouilda Gree.
Grade Highest average. Robert
Coomt.s, 90; George Danyew, %; 50 or
over, Alex Wroble, Emil Sohiare, Mar
guerite Clarity, Roger Baker, Mary
Belle Gregware, Harry Pellerin, Eva
Clarity.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1917-12-04
BIRTHS.

IN West Brattleboro, (Melrose hos
rital), Dee. ., a daughter to Mr.. and
Mrs Carroll Dewey of Brattleboro.
In Colorado Springs, Col, Nov. %,
a son, joan Lewis, to John .. and
Maize Calvin Proctor, the latter
formerly of Brattleboro.
In Montague, Mass, (Farren hospi-
tall, Nov q, a daughter to Mr.. and
Mrs William Dalton of Winchester,
granddaughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. John
Dalton of Northfeld, Mass.