davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
No Alternative Consistent
With Country's Honor.

II think that YOU will agree with me
that. in view of this declaration, which
suddenly and without prior intimation
of any kind deliberately withdraws
the solemn assurance given I'm the i'm
perial governments note of the fourth
of May. 1916. this government has no
alternative consistent with the dignity
and honor of the United States. but to
take the course which. in it's nOte Of
the eighteenth of April. 1916, 1t an
nounced that II would take In the
event that the German government did
not declare and effect an abandonment
of the methods of submarine warfare
which II was thcn employing and to
which 1t now purposes again to re-
sort.
II have, therefore, directed the Sec
rotary of state to to his ex-
Cellency the German ambassador that
all diplomatic relations between the
United States and the German empire
are severed and that the American am
bassador at Berlin will be Immediately
withdrawn, and in accordance with
this decision to hand to his exccllcncy
his passports.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Refused To Be Bound
BY Any Conditions.

ITO this the government of the Unit
cd States replied OF the eighth of May,
accepting, of course, the assurance Civ
en-, hut adding;
THE government of the United
States feels 1t accessory 10 state that
II takes 1t for granted that The i'm
perial German government does not
intend 1t to imply that the maintenance
of It's newly announced policy Is in any
way contingent upon the course of re-
suits of diplomatic negotiations be-
tween the government of the United
States and other %belligerent govern
ments, Notwithstanding the fact that
certain passages In the imperial gov
ernment's note of the fourth instant
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08

might appear to be susceptible Of that
construction. In order, however, to
avoid any possible misunderstanding,
the government of the United States
notifies the imperial government that
1t cannot for n moment entertain,
much less discuss, Il suggestion that
respect by German naval authorities
for the rights of citizens Of the United
States upon the high seas should I'm
any way In the slightest degree be
made contingent upon the conduct of
any other government affecting the
rights of neutrals and noncombatants.
Responsibility in such matters is
single, not joint; absolute. not rela.
tive
I this note of the eighth of May
the imperial German government made
no reply. ON the t%hirty-first of Janu.
airy, the Wednesday of the present
week, the German ambassador handed
To the secretary of state, along with II
formal note, u memorandum which
contains the following statements:
1.-THE imperial government, there.
fore, docs not doubt that the govern.
lncnt of the United States will under.
stand The situation thus forced upon
Germany by the entente allies brutal
methods of war and by their detcrmina-
ton to destroy the central powers. and
That the government Of the United
states will further realize that the
now openly disclosed intentions of the
entente allies give back to Germany
The freedom of action which she re-
served IN her note addressed to the
government of the United States on
May I. 1916.
"'Cndcr these circumstances Ger
many will meet the illegal measures
of her enemies by forcihly preventing
after February |, 1917, in n zone
around Great Britain. France. Italy
and in the eastern Mediterranean all
navigation. that Of ncutralS included.
from and to England and from and TO
France, etc. etc. All ships met within
the one will be sunk
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
President Tells Congress Of Sew
erance Of Diplomatic
Relations.
RECTES KA'SER'S PROMISES
Says He Refuses TO Believe Subma.
rines Will Commit overt Acts
Against American Lives
and Ships.

Washington. Feb. 3~.-preSidCnt Will
sou this afternoon addressed n joint
session of congress-. outlining the
events that led up to the diplomatic
break with Germany. He said:
$40 the congress. February 3. 1917.
Gentlemen of the Congress:
"rhe Imperial German government
on the 3lst of January announced to
this government and tn the govern
mcntS of the other neutral nations
that on and after The 1st day of Fehru-
AIRY, the present month. II would adopt
u policy with regard tn the use Of
submarines against all shipping seek
ing To pass through certain designated
areas of the high seas to which it Is
clearly my duty to call your attention.
set me remind the congress that
on the 18th of April last. in view of
the sinking on the oath of March of
the cross Channel passenger steamer
Sussex by II German submarine. with
out or warning. and the con
seQuent loss Of the lives of several
citizens of the United States. who
were passengers aboard her, this gov
eminent addressed n note tn tn" I'm
perial German government in which 1t
made the following declarations:
aft it still be the purpose of the i'm
pcrial government tn prosecute relent-
less and indiscriminate warfare
against vessels of by the
use of submarines without regard to
what the government of the United
States must consider the sacred and
indisputable, rules of international law
and the universally recognized die
tates of humanity, the government Of
the United States is at last forced to
the conclusion that there is but one
course it can pursue. Unless the i'm
perial government should now and i'm
mediately declare and effect an aban-
donment Of it's present methods of
submarine warfare against passenger
and freight carrying vessels, the gov
eminent of the United States can have
no choice but to diplomatic re-
latiOns with the German empire alto
gether.'
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
ON BRINK OF ACTUAL WAR
Not slnee Spanish War Has Nation
Been SO Worked Up

Washington.-The United States is
nearer actual war today than at any
time since peace was signed between
this nation and Spain.
Sinking of the IIousantonic, an
American ship, with an American
crew, off the Scilly islands, by a Teu-
tonic submarine, late Saturday eve
ming. was the step that brought the
nation to wars verge.
such an act, as occurred in the sink
ing Of the IIousatonic, according to
President Wilson's own declaration to
congress would result in his appear
anCc before a Joint session to ask FOR
means with which to insure future
safety OF American lives and property
on the high seas.
The president did not use the word
war" in his yelled threat. Neverthe-
less he conveyed the distinct impress.
son that this government will go to
n extreme to defend its rights and
keep alive the 'immcmorial princi.
Pies upon which IL was founded.
While awaiting the fact" before ex.
pressing themselves, officials were
nevertheless deeply concerned at the
developments which followed so close.
~ upon President Wilson's frank
warning today.
one thing Is certain, however, If OF.
fetal facts bear out the gloomy out
look carried in press dispatches. Pres
idcnt Wilson undoubtedly will go be-
fore congress.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Berlin Is Silent

London.-Reuter's Amsterdam cor
respondent says that while Berlin Is
preserving silence in regard to the
rupture of relations between Germany
and the United States, the German
government has issued the following
statement:
at is stated that negotiations are
afoot between the authorities interest.
ed concerning how Germany, by re.
moving cerain transport difficulties.
can take into account the require.
ment of some neutral states in rela
ton to essential raw material, espe
cially coal and iron"
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Cannot Believe Germany
Will Garry Out Threats.

notwithstanding this unexpected
action of the German government.
this sudden and deeply dcplored re-
nunciatiOn Of its assurances, given
this government at n of the most
critical moments of tension in the re-
lations of the two governments, | re-
fuse to believe that It Is the intention
of the German authorities to do in
fact what they have warned us they
will feel at liberty to do. cannot
bring myself to believe that they will
indeed pay no regard to the ancient
friendship between their people and
our own or to the solemn obligations
which have been exchanged between
them and destroy American ships and
take the lives Of American citizens
in the willful prosecution of the ruth
less naval program they have an
nounced their intention to adopt. Only
actual overt acts on their part can
make me believe 1t even now.
'If this invcterate confidence on my
part in the sobricty and prudent fore
sight of their purpose should u~nhappily
prove unfounded If American ships
and American lives should in fact be
sacrificed by their naval commanders
In Needless c|ontraventiOn of the just
and reasonable understandings of in
ternational law and the obvious die
tates of humanity, | shall take the lib-
orty of coming again before the con-
gross, to ask that authority be given
me to use any means that may be nee
essary for protection Of our seamen
and Il people in the prosecution OF
their peaceful and legitimate errands
on the high seas. p! can do nothing
less. | take IL for granted that all
neutral governments will take the same
course.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Many Perish In Explosion

Chicago.-While more than a hun.
dred men worked over the shoulder
Ing, i]ce-covered ruins OF the west side
tenement house here which was
wrecked by an explosion Friday, these
results had been established: The
known dead numbered 10, injured 81,
missing "a, and the rescued uninjured
90. The tenement, located in the heart
of the west side Ghetto district, con
tanned at the time of the explosion
sleeping men, women and children,
variously estimated at between eighty
and ninety.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
SAYS Housantonic Was Warned

London.-The crew Of the American
steamship Housantonic has been
landed at Pensance, England. The
Housantonic was warned by the Ger
man submarine which sank her, ac-
cording to John G. Stevens, American
consul at Plymouth. Mr.. Stevens has
sen the following Telegram to the
Associated press:
Total crew of thirty-seven Of Hou-
satonic landed at Pensance Saturday.
Vessel t%orpedoed by a German sub
marine 1880 Saturday. Warned. Crew
towed ninety minutes toward land"
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Ex.President Taft on the Subject

Washington. 49, Former President
aft prefaced a prepared speech on
he League to Enforce Peace here
with a reference to the new German
crisis, declaring that if the United
States were drawn into war Germany
would force II by "her defiance of the
nlain principles of Justice and human
'ty which should obtain between civil.
2ed nations"
THE responsibility which o rests
m the president and congress is very
heavy said Mr., Taft. "They should
inow and do know that the American
PEOPLE will bacl; them to the end In
heir decision, May God give them
FOOD d~eliverance."
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
To Take Any Steps Necessary

Washington.-No one other than of.
Hicials and employees OF naval yards
and stations is to be admitted to such
government reservations. Orders to
this effect, Secretary Daniels an
nounced, had been issued and would
be effective Immediately.
No special order for increasing the
guard at the stations, ~arsenals, WIRE
less plants, naval magazines or other
reservation babe been issued, but
each commanding officer has authority
to take any steps necessary.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Dramatic Scene In Nebraska House

Scene In Nebraska House
Lincoln, Neb.-All differences of ma.
t~ionality and party were forgotten and
swept aside when the members of the
Nebraska house, acting from a COM
mon impulse of patriotism, pledged
themselves unanimously. by rising
'ote, to the support of President Will
on in the new situation which has
risen between the United States and
Germany.
Upon the joint motion Of Represen-
att . Hoffmeister, himself a native OF
he kaiser's realm. and Representative
'eterson, the leader Of the republican
minority, the house Saturday forenoon
'eclared itself unreservedly behind
he government Of the United States
n any measures necessary to protect
10 rights and interests of American
itizens and the honor of the Amer.
can flag.
Led by Mr.. Peterson, the legislators
ang America and. upon his motion.
he chief clerk of the house was in.
'ructed to telegraph President Wilson
If the action that had been taken.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Col. Roosevelt Proffers Services

Roosevelt has pledged himself III sup
port of President Wilson in uphoi'ing
The honor of the United States and Of
sons to the country in case hostilitle s
are not averted.
Colonel Roosevelt said he had asked
permission from the war department
TO raise an army division, to be undei
his command. His trends, it Was
stated, have worked on this plan ever
since the L|usitania was sunk.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Asked 70 Support President

Columbus, O.-By a unanimous
'ote the lower house of the Ohio leg.
islaturc adopted a resolution calling
upon citizens of Ohio to stand behind
resident Wilson during the present
International crisis.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08

Philadelphia, Pa.-The German aux.
lliary cruisers Kronprinz Wilhelm and
Prinz Eitel Friedrich, interned at the
Philadelphia navy yard, were seized
by order of the navy department and
their crews imprisoned in an isolated
barracks.
Boston, Mass.-United States Mar.
shall Mitchell has taken physical pos.
session of the North German Lloyd
liner Kronprinzess in Cecelie. which
has been nominally in his custody
since the litigation instituted against
the owners by the National City bank
OF New York.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
DOES NOT MEAN WAR BUT MAY
EASILY LEAD TO SUCH EVENT
ARMY MAKES PLANS FOR ANY EMERGENCY
President Seeks Only To Vindicate Our Right
To Liberty and Justice and An
Unmolested Life.

Western Newspaper Union News Service.
Washinston-The severance Of diplomatic relations with Germany was
formally announced to the country n the world by PRESIDENT W'Soh al q
Joint session OF congress Saturday at 2 o'clock.
The United States 10Y stands OIL the verge of VAR with all Inc hietoric
precedent Of centuries pressing II forward. Ferventy invoking the guidance
Of Almighty God In the step he has taken President Wilson detailed to tne
power which repeatedly invades its sacred rights AM taxes the lives of its
citizens.
Calm, with a sens of right n which ma prove the most sombre moment
Of American history, the president stood in the historic hall of the house Of
representatives and with senators representatives. before i'm spoke nc
wordsw which may carry tn country int the world conflict not for aggression
and nt for power, only for law and humanity.
Silent ad attentive, the grin company OF the atons awrnake shttened
with rap attention while President Wilson told of Americas course IN the
nw unsuccessful diplomatic struggle to d@uade Germany from Ter Gam
paiQn Of ruthlessness
In concluding his address, President Wiser declared that 10 could not
w nw believe that Germany intends any overt acts against American
citizens but that II overt acts are forthcoming ne will again nm before
congress to ash authority to use n means that may be necessary for the
protection of our seamen and or people. All neutral governments, he
believes, WILT take the same course.
I'VE wish to serve n o selfish ends" the president stated. 1--WE seek
merely % stand true alike in thought action to thu immemoria' prn-
opies Of our people. " 4" Seek merely to vndcate U right to liberty
and justice and an unmOIested life. These are thu basis of peace not war
Acc gran that we may rot sc challenged to defend them BY acts of iful
Injustice o the part OF Germany"
This statement of the president left M doubt in anyones mind who
heard him that he mean that h e would ask for sanction IF declaration Of
a II he is compelled to again visit the capitol Q n the subject
When the president closed lie ws met With a emendo outbreak OF
cheering and applause from both sides of the chamber ant from HI galleries
republicans and democrats alike.
Misunderstanding of diplomatic relations with Germany does not
NEAR war bt easily la lead to war. II Is a n act of protest aracterized
In he usage of nations al a measur short Of war;"
The danger that wa may follow is accentuated by the diplomatic history
Of the world. Modern times show n % in1tance of a diplomatic break between
two first class powers that has not beer followed by hostlttes. The rights
Of Germans In the United States and of Americans in Germany are practically
unaffected by the severance of diplomatic relations. No treaties are termi
mont decides &c denounce them. which under international practice generally
eans for a notice Of year.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Washington.-Beyond saying tina

Washington.-Beyond saying that
various precautionary measures were
taken, Secretaries Baker and Daniels
refused to make any statement, after
1 conference with the president. Three
American naval vessels in the Medi-
terranean, one at Alexandria, will not
be moved, II was said.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Legislature Pledges Support

Lincoln, Neb.-With every member
standing on his feet and Joining in
The singing of MY Country 'Tis of
Thee" the Nebraska house of repre-
5entatives adopted a resolution empha,
sizing an earnest desire for peace,
nut pledging to the president the un.
divided and loyal support of every
itiZen of Nebraska, regardless of his
birth, in whatever measures may be
ound necessary to maintain the rights
II Americans, the dignity of the ma.
lion and the honor of the flag.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08

New York .-Upon the receipt Of
special instructions from Washington.
dudley Field Malone, collector of the
port, has conferred with representa-.
lives of the department of justice and
he New York police.
None OF those who attended the con.
ference would discuss what was con.
iidered beyond saying that questions
relating to a possible emergency were
alked over.
Mr.. Malone has increased his force
Of dock guards and special inspectors
until he now has more than 1900 men
under his command.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
Army Plans In Case Of War

Army Plans In Case Of War
Washington. -Four plans of immedi-
ate action In case of wal with Ger
many have been worked out by the
general STAFF OF the army.
They involve:
Using the regular army and national
guard as a nucleus to train an army
of two million a year. sending no
troops to Europe during that period.
Obtaining immediate passage OF a
universal military service law and
calling out the first three classes un.
der it.
Extensive establishment of training
camps in every state.
Putting American munition plants
and other factories to work furnishing
supplies and munitions for an army
Of two million men and converting
other factories for this work.
No Trops Soon to Europe
1t would be futile, army men say,
to send any OF the present army to
Europe. Russia lost eighty thousand
officers in the first ten months of the
war, they say-more than the total
strength Of the United States army.
General staff plans call for one hun.
dred army divisions of twenty thou
sand each. Fifty thousand officers
would be needed. At present there are
six thousand officers available.
Youths reaching the years of eigh.
teen, nineteen and twenty the first
year would be called. Each year one
million boys reach each OF these ages
One-third of them, it is estimated, are
unfit physically for military service
leaving about 666 900 in each class
These would be available at once, and
staff experts believe they would in
sure an army of two million in n yeal
and four million in two years.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
The Reason.

Teacher-What's you fathers name,
Bonnie?
Bennie-Same as mine-Watkins.
TcachCr-But what is his first
name? What does your mother call
him?
liennie-Shc don't call him nothin'-
she likes him.
The Red Cloud chief., 1917-02-08
important to Mothers
The Best Plan.

There is no better plan for us to fol-
low in our everyday life than the one
which the Golden Rule marks out. The
Savior himself gave 1t: "Do unto 9TH
ers as We would they should do unto
YOU"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11

lu2~ ar" placed it broader aIul moved
from p"t to pen as they develop They
are heavily frd Tor ten weeks. WHOM
they are KILLED and dressed rs "rrccu
ducks. III. best specimens are re
served i"i breeding purposes. III"
feathers arc dried and sorted Ton uSc
iu rillums h"ds and so on.
tn, i.kin - large. males weighing
ir"n /: :" I" pounds. aud females
FROM - r. pounds 1t * canary
whit, lu color. with an orange yellow
bin legs aud feet II walks with
$cmiupright carriage. which diSt'n-
cuisines IL fiori the Avlcshury. In.
2rcat Eu@lish duck. which i whittier iI
color. ANA carries IT, body NOR. hori
2ont.ilN
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11
HOUSE. DIPLOMAT.
BEHIND PRESIDENT
Continued from I.'irs, p,

"h'lhucd from First Page
'" ms direction. Then the public OF
IN" nation finally looked his way. lie
became famous overnight and soon
out2rcW Texas
IN" nn'ha llcnecd forty votes from
i"NaS IN the Baltimore Convention
Wcf" tue hu!s Of the Wilson delegates
nus nomination was conceded Ia he !,
nuke. but whether or not IL was 81 uuI,.
Thought out in advance hy Housn i;
NOW matter for much Spcculatiou
''rtt'hiN House appeared to H., IN.
"a'ah'c al power. and he WELD ii ID in
tue direction Of Woodrow Wilson
Mt. ll"us" was for Wilson first L,Si
ana ~ all times. lie WAS also - close.
personal tiicna Of William Jno,iu.,.
i'Nan and II Is whispered in uut-nf-
'h"-w"! political corners that ii was
~" p"rSuhSiN" powers II Colonel
'tons" ihai hclpcd the N.braskan So.
til" error Of his way aud III. nonitna-
ton uf Wilson
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11

S'hS"r tcit rather pleased with him
sell about II till some inquiring ayia-
tor discovered that in several cases tho
hoics only went through the lower
surfac" Of the plane. and not through
tn" upper surface.
Further Investigation discovered
the interesting fact that the holes IN
tn" lower plane had not been ma,.> by
bullets. but by small stones thrown
NJ from the gravel by the wheels az
INC nnchin" was getting OF and
wh'Shcd through the somewhat tired
wing fabric Ivy tho draurht Of Tho
propeller. Careful examination failed
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11

rhhrN"s which Iii" IN the shell ,yill
u" materially reduced. and the chicks
;h"t match early viii not he wcakcUr.l
IN" subject 10 white diarrhca ana
other diseases
N,'"r IN" matching. from the time tic
,.,ir y, na.r IN" shelter Of the Incubator
"hli th'S hrc M"anad from tho broader. M,
:. nIltN nam ~ apt to regard iIfc as a rather
- '"ns lnchnSltton unless hc has rrlinhlc
.''"i'is Faculties. Next weeks article has
!" -" WIN tho construction Of brood ,r
','uS' 81 known practicubility. by Robert
Armstrong. and II Is illustrated ny Il work,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11
TRIALS OF AlRMEN
IN MESOPOTAMIA

I"u;inneh from Frs, raE".,
an aSt"n,sningly narrow escape the pilot
and passenger had had from hcnc
Killed. because tn" lower plan" OF tho
machine was simply riddieh with holes
on each side Of the body. and even
underneath it, Apparently the pas
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11
rnrmcrs own Most cars.

Estimates ~ cars owned in Mime
sofa show that farmers possess 6:.1a7,
81 -. pcI cent The farmers gain
j. 5000 sine" November !. 1915. or
more ihan ~ l-i per cent. Tho possi-
Ill" ti"ld for snl. in Minnesota, tiIa
l,akotas. eastern Montana. northern
Iowa aud western Wisconsin is cSti-
mated ut oI6.?36 farmers. The re
n,ind.r or tho i33.A13 farmers have
bough, already.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11

to mud a bullet hole at all Tho sea-
plane also returned safely ana un-
damaged"
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11

taif NJ our ONCE ~
demons
ton on request. Tel.
Nnndoiph 1851.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-02-11
Get a Pair of Mud Pulls

lh~y Will pull any automobile out of any mud hole 0
carry your car over bad stretches of road with certa
Inc man with pair Of Mud Pulls in his car has no
ROADS, They are insurance against road trouble
Safe, Simple, Sane-a Time, Trouble Temper and
feDar bills, loss of time and eliminate worry also