davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
Russia to Reform
Penal Law,f II }:

PETROGRAD, Aug. lG.-,,apid Or,
sre>s i being made by the commi 80
newly appointed To reform that part 0
The penal law Of 1907 which deals wit
violation of the principle of religious lb
eriy. conversion Ia another religion b
violence or threats and ''perver~ion' /
another Religion by fraud of undue il
iluence.
The basis Of this law wa~ u distinction
sIrSt, between orthodox and non orthodo
Christians and. second. between Chris
;ians generally and Mohammedans an,
heather. Voluntary conversion from ~
bodoNy Wa punishable under ~ccria;.
conditions. whereas voluntary conver~io
IL orthodoxy was not punishable. 70
conversion 10 orthodoxy ~ violence .
threat the penalties were mild and. il
practice were never enforced. and non
christians virtually were not II All pro
ecied against violent conversion.
The law now under consideration rec
pgnize~ the complete liberty 81 IN Chris
ianS. To emphasize this principle. tn
projected law aholi~hcS the legal use 4
h. word ''here,N.'' and replaces the leca
term 'pcrver~ion' with conversion"
The new law viii protect citizen
against for.ihle conversion. by imposing
penalty of Imprisonment not exceeidn
hree years. The law will further dea
with certain extremist ~seciarians such q
he Skop;~i and others which mutilat,
themselves and nave even BURNED one an
other alive. For such the penlty j. i'm
priSonment IN a fortress.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

Announcements have been received il
Brownsville from New York City of the
wedding of Miss Anita Bowles and Lieu
fourth United States infantry. The wed.
ding occurred on August 18th. Til,
young couple left for Columbus, New Mex
leo, TO join Lieutenant Cations regiment
Both Miss Bowles and Lieutenant Gator
are well known in Brownsville. Miss
Bowles visited in this city last winter and
Lieutenant Cation was stationed here with
the Fourth United States infantry. Both
Lieutenant and Mrs. Cation were active
in social and relief work. Lieutenant Ca
ton. then Corporal Cation. was in charge
of the Learners Library and was active
in securing the Gao closing agreement
from local merchants for the benefit OF
the Mexican employees.
Miss Bowles was n talented reader and
contributed IN many social events that
marked the winter season.
During her residence here Miss Bowles
was a gnest at the home of Captain Vii
liam Kelly.
Mrs. John J.. Young this afternoon en-
tertained at bridge at her home on ST.
Charles street. Five tables of player
have been invited Ia be present.
The Girls Honor Guard meets at five
o'clock this afternoon at the library. Plans
for making candy for the men of Compan,
NJ and the hospital detachment when the,
leave for Fort Worth To he modified will
be discussed.
The Thursday Bridge club was enter
tanned today by Mrs. Louis Brulay.
o
Mrs. l.. IL. Ilallam and daughters. Mar
saret and Virginia, who nave been spend
ing the summer in FL Campo. returned 4,
Pfowns,iil today.
Mr< Lawrence Smith i spending tn,
Yt- i San Antonio visiting her mother
Mrs. A. f.. Laro.
The regular business meeting Of the La
die Civic League will he held tomorrow
ate moon al \ 80 M the home of Mrs. y
Kaplan. Following the business session
a social hour will he ENJOYED.
%
Brownsville boys returning from ths
Officers Reserve Training Camp nj Leon
Springs, including Elks and non-Elks. will
be honored ar a dance at the Elks' elul
rooms Friday night, ladies night. Dane
ing will begin Immediately after the en-
terfainment NJ Fort Brown. Army officer.
and their families are invited, and visit
ing young ladies ard their escorts.
Mr.. and Mrs. r.. u. Creager and children
expect 10 leave today or tomorrow for
California. They will ship their car a part
Of the way. and plant to tour California
and other parts of the west. They will re-
turn in October.
Mrs. j. j. Cooke has gone To visit rela-
tives in San Antonio and also in Cuero
Texas.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

good measure-he is after al only a camp fire
soldier.
SPIRIT.
Spirit-fighting Spirits far from being
mere hatred 81 the enemy or blind fury. on the
one hand: nor H. IL mer. passive obedience IL
orders. on the ether. II means cool. self con
trolled courage-the kind 81 courage which en-
ahles 4 man tn shoot as straight on the battle
field as he does IN target practice. However,
il even goes "A step beyond that point. Deci-
sivc victories cannot be won by merely repuls-
ing the enemy. Only the offensive wins. =
Infantry Drill Regulations. paragraph Jll.)
Like all the other qualities of u soldier. spir-
il can be cultivated. An unframed army sci
dom possesses il. But il can be developed.
You can and will develop il until il becomes as
much u part of yourself ms any al your easy
going civilian habits are now.
TENACITY.
Spirit carries 4 body of soldiers forward.
Tenacity il the quality that makes them
stick" The thorough soldier is never ready
% stop fighting until his part Of the battle is
won. Tenacity was never better expressed
than in the words ii John Paul Jones. Stand
ing among his dead and wounded on his sink
ing ship which was leaking like a basket" he
replied to his adyrrsary's invitation tu surren-
der. sir. ! have not YET begun a. fight" 1'w"
hours later m" battle cam" "a u sudden end
Nhfn ih' r"lnfS 81 IN" enemy : Nrs>ri M"F"
hauled down.
SELF RELIANCE.
Self reliance ~ characteristic of the Ameri-
can. whether ~ n serving aS \ soldier or in
>rme civil u~,tIpation. Much ,hr same quality
H. sometimes referred ~ ~ initiative" II y
a quality needed more than ever before i'll
l'r'srit day warfare. Major General Leonard
Wood. IN his Introduction /" III" Field Service
Regulations ~ the United States Army. Say~:
Officer ANIL men ~ al ranks and grades
are given 4 certain independence ia the rxecu-
lion =. the tasks e. which they are assigned and
are eXpertra IT, show initiative in meeting the
Different situations ~ they arrive. Every i'm
diyidual. irnm ~ highest commander 10 the
l"vtsi private. must always remember that IN
action and neglect ri opportunities will war
ran m"sr severe crn~ure than an error IN the
,h"irr ~ the means"
MAKING NoIRSEf.F STRONGER.
The min" qualities which have just been re-
viewed are those which evcryun. ~ ~ would
Ike a. have far himself. They are the essen
tial> ~ virl- ami >uctrsStul manhnod. wheth-
er III III" army " ont nf Il. Even the moral
w.akling aud the Slit k.r il their hearts admire
these qualities.
I."uhtlrs> y"I have developed some ri them
already perhaps Al of them 4" a greater or
less extent. Mana = man has discovered.
when put {" the test. that h. possessed these
qualities without having himself realized IL.
liuf under civilian conditions II il not easy tn
cultivate all ~ them.
In the army y"n vii hav" y"ur opportunity
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

I'm a few months uf training I" strengthen these
Qualities i'm yourself. I'm So doing Won will learn
L. control Yourself under all conditions. 4"
meet hardship and danger unflinchingiy. q" be
fearless and self reliant. Al the end W these
few months We training yur will nave gained
immensely IN yigur ana III strength.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

Mr.. -. v. Lawrence and babies hav,
returned from a months visit 10 Mr.
Lawren : parents NJ Lockhari. Texas.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
REAL ESTATE FOR SALE.

|OREGON K CALIFORNIA RAILROAD co.
GRANT LANDS. Legal fight over land at
last ended. Title revestcd in United States.
Land. ~ act of congress. ordered 10 be opened
under homestead laws for settlement and sale.
Two million three hundred thousand acres. Con
tanning some Of the best timber and agricultur-
al lands left in United States. Large copy
righted map showing land by townships and
sections. laws covering same and description
# soil. climate. rainfall. elevations. temhera-
ture. etc. Postpaid One Dollar. Grant Lands
Co. Portland. Oregon. -31
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
Reading Course For
Citizen-Soldiers

ISSUED by the WarD Department and all lights to reprint reservdD
This course Of thty. daily lessons is Uttered to the men shded Tor service in teN Ma
hOna Army as practical help in getting started ia the right way u Is informal "a tone
and does not give binding rules and directions TMse are contained In the various manuals
regulations OF the United States Army to which this Course IS merely introductory.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

FOR SALE Victim. guitar. rifle. household
furniture. Mrs Blake. 60 I.-ver ~. -
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
WANTED TO BUY.

WANTED To HEAR from owner of good
farm far sale. State cash price. full par
ticIlars. n. y. Bush. minneapolis. Mimi tltb
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

MISCELLANEOUS.

WANTED-Tn divide space in freight car witt
someone having shipment for I'll Paso within
short time. to save freight. Address q. ID. q.
care Herald. -
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
MISCELLANEOUS WANTED.

WANTED To BTY-A number NJ III or 70
gauge shot guns. III good condition. J.. o.
Box ~ or phone J1I. 81
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
FOR SALE.

FOR SALE CHIEAr-Two portable frame
building~-scrreurd-lUNl> and l>Na0 feet.
respectively. suitable for sleeping porch ar
servants quarters. Apply ~. Wood. care Her
aid. -
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
HELP WANTED.

FALSE TEETII-We pay ~ high as $l1.jO
per set for old false teeth. no matter il brok-
en-: also gold crowns. bridgework. Mail Ia
BERNER'S FALSE TEETH SPECIALITY, -
Third NJ. Troy. y. ". and receive cash by re-
turn mail. -
WANTED-AII 'round bank man. Apply in
person. Planters State Bank, Harrington.
Texas. -
B%OARDERS.
WA\TED-A few table boarders. Inquire NJ
Su2 Elizabeth street. or phone liz. lGti
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

THE X. C. TAIL0RS
viii make NATIONAL GUARD UNIFORMS
at reduced prices. Call while the supply OF
Khaki lasts. Hats blocked tor everybody. tiIJ
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

WANTED-Position by elderly man as watch
man. foreman or similar employment. S"bei
and reliable. Pest of references. Address
NJ. Il. -. care Herald. -
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

good measnre-he is after all only a I'm fir,
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16
Rates For
Classified
Advertising

IS words or less TO be inserted one
time
Is CENTS.
20 words 10 be inserted one time
20 CENTS.
Is words to - inserted one lint
Is CENTS.
OR, one cent per word Tor all ciassI-
fled advertising 10 be inseVed one time,
no ad accepted for less than IS cents.
MORE THAN ONE TIME
One-half ceat per word per issue for
all classified advertising TO be inserted
more than one time.
BY THE MONTH.
IL cents per word; as, 20 words one
month. S2.40; no order for monthly in
sertion accepted for less than $50.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1917-08-16

Those contemplating going through the SANDS
from I;aymondvillr IT, Sarita and the na'th
may get u mechanic driver from a. q. PIrton's
Garage. Uaymundville. Texas. We put you
through. III
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31
YES! MAGICALLY!
CORNS LIFT OUT
WITH FINGERS

You say to the drug store man,
Give me a small bottle of freezone."
This will cost very little but will
positively remove every hard or soft
corn or callus from ones feet.
A few drops of this new ether COM
pound applied directly upon tender,
aching corn relieves the soreness in
stantiy, and soon the entire corn or
callus, root and all, dries up and can
be lifted off with the fingers.
This new way to rid ones feet of
corns was introduced by a Cincinnati
man, who says that freezone dries in
a moment, and simply shrivels up the
corn or callus without irritating the
surrounding skin.
If your druggist hasn't any freezone
tell him to order a small bottle from
his wholesale drug house for you.-adv.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31
United States Has
Well Been Designated
Nation of Workers

n 4 EN- of labor came to America
I'M in the Mayflower. A printer
and carpenter signed the
Declaration of Independence
George Washington was a surveyor at
one time in his life. Lincoln worked
as day lSbOrer. Andrew Johnson
was tailor. William Howard Taft,
after leaving college, was newspaper
reporter at Sc week The Uslited
States is nation of workers. Labor
day, consequently, is not for any class
but for Americans in mass.
Frank A. Vanderlip, president of the
National City bank, is by trade a ma
chinist. His father was an Illinois
farmer-"a specialist in cows" the son
explained. On the death of the father
the family moved into town.
Il found employment" Mr.. Wander
lip said, "in a shop where wood work.
ing machinery was manufactured. I
was sixteen and my wages were IS
cents a day. BY and by 1 got lathe
of my own. would be foreman some
day, was told, and earn $21 a week.
thought l could do better. So 1
learned stenography and later took I'D
the study of bonds"
William III. Canniff, president of the
New York, Chicago & st. Louis rail
road, was telegraph operator in
Michigan when he was seventeen. The
attorney general in President Taft's
cabinet, George w. Wickersham. also
was telegraph operator, as was Theo-
dore N. Vail, head of the Bell telephone
interests.
section hand in 1869, shoveling
and tamping on the tracks, William c..
Brown, then sixteen years old. fought
his way upward until he became presi-
dent of the New York Central lines.
MY daily wages at the timer" he
repeated. Figure them out for your
self. My envelope contained $3.50 at
the end of the month when the pay
car came down the line" His sue
cessor, Albert H. Smith, was a rail-
road laborer as a young man.
Judge Robert S. Lovett, president of
the Union Pacific, dug stumps and cut
brush on the right of way on a little
line in Texas and drove team of
mules when the grading began. Ben
jamin F. Yoakum operated a scraper
in the Southwest on road in its build
ing, and became brakeman when the
road was put into operation.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31
WAS BEYOND THE ADVOCATE
Counsel Could Think of No Possible
Reason Why Judge Should Be
on the Bench.

1t was one Of those tense moments
in a crowded court when the prisoners
fate seemed to depend on the next an
swer of the witness. There was an
eXpectant hush on all present, when
suddenly the opposing counsel butted
in with a noisy objection based on
some obscure point of law, says Lon
don Tit-Bits.
For ten minutes or more the prls-
oner was forgotten, while judge and
counsel were involved in a tangle OF
legal phrases and precedents. Although
the controversy was absolutely unin-
telligible to the crowd present, it was
clear enough to the dullest intelligence
that counsel was more than holding
his own in the argument. This was
also painfully apparent to the judge
himself, who, in a desperate effort to
recover his official dignity, snapped
out:
What does counsel suppose l am
on the bench for?"
"Well," said the learned advocate,
slowly and reflectively Il must confess
your lordship has got me there
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31
Labors Greatest Achievement.

Best of all achievements, perhaps,
is the fact that organized labor has
gained in such large measure the CO.
operation and confidence of employers.
The old distrust and suspicion at every
stage of any negotiations is notably
absent in great majority of cases to-
day. Labor is realizing, just as indus
trial leaders are recognizing that each
is the complement of the other, and
each is dependent upon the other.
There always will be differences of
opinion, controversy and dispute, but
there need not be antagonism and mis-
trust between labor and capital
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31

Famous English Actress Declares Ev'
cry Performance She Gave for
Soldiers Was a Joy.

Miss Lena Ashwell, the distinguished
London actress, who has been giving a
number of dramas and Shakespearean
plays to soldiers at the front, wakes
eloquent upon her strange and won
derful auditory. mo Tommy Is stodgy,
as West end audience Is" she re-
marks. Every performance was
joy"
The Tommies show their devotion In
all sorts of ways. Some Tommies, hear
ing she was coming, built her scenery
out of odds and ends of canvas ana
wood, painted red and yellow, exactly
like the framework of Punch and
Judy show. Another group OF men,
working with the forage supplies In
Rouen, on the railway side, where
there are scarcely any blooms of any
sort, managed to get her little tight
bunch of flowers, arranged with DIT
of paper like an old-fashioned bouquet.
Still another devoted group gave her
little box of silver, beautifully chased.
But what she treasures most is
lucky bean. The young soldier who
gave it to her stood grasping her hands
in the dark, saying blunderingly that
he had been eleven months in the
trenches and that she could not imag-
inc what it meant to him to see lady
much less hear her speak; that this
bean had been all over the world with
him and had brought him good luck
he hadn't been wounded yet-and now
he wanted her to have it. The boy was
simply giving her everything. No won,
der she set his bean in the best of gold
and wears it always.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31
Organized Labor in
Fight to Put End to
Industrial Wastaqe
BY FRANK L. MORRISON,
Secretary American Federation Of

BY FRANK L. MORRISON,
Secretary American Federation Of
Labor.
TT is impossible to record funda-
mental gains during the past year
because of organized labor's agita-
ton or to individualize probable
gains during the year to come. The
best we can do is to observe tenden-
cies. Prominent among these is the
workers seizure of the cry for 'pre-
paredness" to emphasize danger in
industry more deadly than battlefields.
Government statistics show that So
600 men are annually killed and 700,-
900 are annually injured for a period
of four weeks or over.
1t has been stated that every year
there are over 100000 cases of in
dustrial illness, caused maialy by long
hours, low wages, dust, bad air, fumes,
smoke, poisonings and poor ventilation,
and that through typhoid feve: and
malaria alone $90O,OOO,0OO is annually
lost to this nation. Enough to equip
the largest army and navy in the
world, and then have balance suffi-
cient to pay the tuition of every boy
now in college.
A system Of national preparedness
that does not include recognition of
this frightful and preventable wastage
is the preparedness urged by big bust
ness. A morality that ignores these
facts and condemns war is based on
meaningless phrases.
Another present-day tendency is the
acceptance of organized labor's posi-
ton on immigration restriction. Dur
ing the past year the acid test of ex-
perience has verified the claim of trade
unions that American institutions can
not assimilate, nor American living
standards resist, the flood tides Of in
duced immigration that has been the
policy of captains of industry.
Another element among employers
who talk of the scarcity of labor does
so to entice sufficient number Of idle
workers to their factory gates as a
menace to those employed and who are
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31
Trade Union Success
In Effort to Shorten
the Hours of Labor
Copyright. 1917.
BY SAMUEL GOMPERS.
President American Federation Of


Labor.
T ABOR Day brings to the workers
of America the right to cheer
and confidence in the trade
union movement. There have
been tests and crises that have proved
its fundamental principles; there have
been opportunities that have tested its
practical efficiency. Through them all
the trade union movement has made
sure progress and gained in confident
vision for the future.
Every national and international
every local union affiliated to the
American Federation Of Labor has
made definite progress in securing for
it's members greater advantages in
those things which are fundamental
In some organizations the success has
been phenomenal.
There has been great progress in Sc
curing the eight-hour day or the short
er wOrkday. The meaning of the vic
tories can be interpreted only in the
light of full understanding Of the
meaning of the eight-hour. day. The
shorter wOrkday is something more
than an economic demand. 1t is de-
mand for opportunity for rest, recu-
peration and development; things
which make life more than mechanical
drudgery.
The workers whose whole periods
are short are essentially different from
those who are so worn by toll that they
have neither energy nor mind for
other things in life. They become
more energetic, more resourceful work
ers with keener mentality and greater
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31

producing power. 1t inevitably follows
that the shOrt-hour workers are the
best paid workers. With every reduc,
ton in hours there is always CORE
spending increase in wages. Wherever
demands for the shorter workday and
higher wages have been presented and
urged by organized workers during the
last year they have met with success.
These economic gains have a potent
relation to the social side of life.
Shortening the period of work
lengthens the period of development,
and for all of the other activities that
belong to the normal individual. In
creases in wages give the workers the
means for taking advantage of the in
creased opportunities of the shorter
workday. The workers of short hours
and better wages become very differ
ent citizens from those who are so ex-
hausted by the daily grind that they
have neither the time nor the energy
for thought or aspiration. These gains
mean better homes, better food, better
clothing; time and opportunity for
the cultivation of the best and the
highest that is possible in the life of
man.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31

liable to demand better conditions.
These employers oppose restriction Of
immigration because restriction will
defeat their policy Of having two or
more men for every job.
Another tendency is the growing op-
position to labor injunctions, which
class labor power as property. The
congress of the United States has
voiced this opposition in amendments
to the antitrust laws. Judicial inter-
pretations of the term property" in
the fourteenth amendment to the fed
eral constitution are losing their force.
What was originally intended to end
slavery has been used to thwart the
enactment Of social legislation, but
courts have failed to check the SWELL
ing tide Of democracy.
The trade union movement is con-
scious of the part it has played in the
tendencies above referred to and this
consciousness will be an inspiration to
greater effort during the coming year.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1917-08-31
The Cure.

Signor Mascagni, the composer, Otter
leads the orchestra at La Scala II
Milan and at the Constansi in Rome
He never refuses an encore.
'In my youth"-thus he explains the
matter-"I was an orchestra leader al
a dollar day. Perhaps my low pay
had soured me. At that time, at any
rate, 1 would not grant an encore fol
any consideration.
"Well, leading 'Santanello' once ir
Naples, / refused an encore of GER
tain song in my usual manner. The
Neapolitan audience shouted anC
roared. l was, of course, firm. But
suddenly l felt blow on the back OF
my head and fell off my high chair
down among the violins.
81 had been struck with a stool
hurled from the top gallery. rose and
promptly repeated the song which the
audience desired. From that day tC
this l have never refused an encore"