davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14

tive orators Of the old school. His
biographer admiringly describes HIM IN
action as "livid with fervor. his hand
trembling with the passion Of his utter
ances." the trembling hand being the
accepted symbol Of Pecksnifian ora
tory.
Elected TO Congress in 1852 from
Dayton, Ohio. as an avowed anti-aboll-
ZIONIST a "Strict-corstruction' Demo-
crat who despised democracy a pro-
slavery advocate. a worshipper o. the
Constitution and Of contracts. he soon
became the Northern leader Of slavery
sedition through his boldness and ms
oratory.
Nallandigham did not lack courage.
He was a pacifst not on genera! eth
ical grounds. but in this particular con
flict because he sympathized with the
South. He boasted Of lis Southern
antecedents. The principles Of South
ern slave-owning democracy and reac-
tion nc held courageously and defended
with the skill of brilliant reacuonary
lawyer on lofty constitutional, biblical
and historical grounds. after the fash
ion OF the best autocratic minds IN the
South. And he was not without large
and dangerous following in the North.
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
The Mayor Greets
Newly Made Americans

Suddenly the band began TO play
"The Star-Spangled Banner" saw
this great body of men get up and
cheer-the mighty, lusty. enthusiastic
cheering of young men-as If they
were watching an athletic event. | saw
the men. who had until now sat with
their heads covered remove their hats
snd sway them Justify.
And, just in the midst Of it all,
at the very moment when these men
were standing on chairs waving Amer
lean flags, while the band was play
ing the national anthem, the Mayor
of New York arrived He stopped
amazed.
Here he was in the hotbed of psci-
fists. in the hotbed of Socialism. in the
hotbed OF Misunderstanding misconcep-
ton. miseuidance. Here he was among
men who had been taught TO look upon
him as a heartless militarist. Here he
was among men who had been reading
every day fer the last six months IN
their newspapers vicious. reckless, con-
temptible lies about him and about
America. Here he was among the men
who night after night had been listen
ing on street corners 10 lies, 70 lurid
promises that Mitchel's defeat would
mean peace. would mean the return Of
their sons 10 their homes.
looked at Miller. He was the first
Jewish journalist in America 20 take
the cause Of the Allies. He had known
Germany better than any one on the
East Side. IIe lost his circulation, his
prestige, his power, his money. He
went down. down, down until he lost
his newspaper He began another. and
again he went down. Struggling, fight
ing against terrible, irresistible tide
of misunderstanding which threatened
20 engulf him, still he struggled. After
he had given his soul, his heart
and his worldly possessions to his
country, he gave his boy-his last
until now. tonight. his people had paid
their debt TO him. Now, tonight,
Miller the deserted was again the
leader. leading his people into new
land, with a new understanding, and
they were following willingly, happily,
as they had followed him in the past.
All of the suffering, all Of the pain, all
of the terrible sacrifices which this
man had made 20 his country ard 20
humanity were now being redeemed.
saw men who had jeered him come
Up TO the platform and grasp his hand.
saw the men who had led in the
jeering and kissing Offering themselves
back to him for his judgment, his guild
ance and mis- leadership. And when the
Mayor finished his speech he knew he
had been talking TO Americans.
They came as pacifsts they went
home as Americans. They came 10
jeer- they went home applauding.
They came to hiss-they went home
apologizing. They came deceived-they
went home free from deception.
After the meeting ! went 70 a res
taurant with Miller. | told him that it
was a wonderful speech. He took from
his pocket a manuscript He said,
This was the speech intended to
make"
II was a speech which dealt exclu-
sively with municipal reform.
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Il Have Been Wrecked
On the Shoals Of Duty"

"You regard me as a representative
of capital You hiss ne and you hoot
me and you jeer me. Why? Because
| have been stripped Of every worldly
possession; because | have given up
power, influence, wealth, comfort, in
order 20 do my duty as have seen Il;
because | have permitted myself 20 be
wrecked on the shoals Of duty rather
than accept comfort on the shoals Of
hypocrisy-is that why you hiss me -
There was such a tense silence, the
whole audience represented such an i'm
movable object, that one easily be-
lieved the entire hall TO be empty, TO
be absolutely devoid OF any human
ity.
Miller continued:
"Now. | mention TO you the name of
the man who is making traitors of you,
who is giving the lie to Jewish ira
dition, Jewish honor and Jewish faith.
mention to you the name of Morris
Hillquit."
The name fell, it seemed, on deaf
ears.
IL am mentioning to you now the
name of Morris Hillquit, the man whom
you applauded with such frenzy be-
fore"
The hall was silent. Those who had
been weeping were now drying their
eyes. Others sat with their mouths
wide open, gaping; and their eyes
were wild, staring, amazed, unable to
move. Here was this great army of
men, who had only fifteen minutes
ago joined in such frenzied demon
stration. in such wild cheering at
the mention of name. and who now
sat helpless, unable 10 bring their
hands together and applaud, unable TO
use their voices and 70 cheer.
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14

then heard the phrases now made so
familiar anew by the pacihsts and the
pro- Germans of to-day, utterlng with
equal skill protests against the loss
of the Union, the thing that Lincoln
was fighting for, and against the loss
of popular government, and of liberty,
themselves the high aims of the gov
eminent.
Nallandigham became the chief fill
buster IN the Thirty Con-
gress. which met in special session on
July I, 1861, 70 enter upon the defence
of the Union. Efforts TO shut him of
were unavailing. a great outcry went
throughout the North against him.
There were threats Of bloodshed if he
spoke Tor peace in Congress. There
were threats of assassination. But
Vallandgham was bold. His speeches
were received with acclaim in the
South and in England. He violently
championed the slavery cause and
called the abolitionists "destroyers of
the Union" which, in his mouth, was
sacred.
On April 70, 1862, he moved for the
appointment of a peace commission.
On visiting the Potomac camp he was
nearly mobbed by Northern soldiers.
There were floods of denunciation,
motions Of censurc. petitions for his
removal and threats of violence. The
cause Of reaction and of slavery in
the North was identified with Con-
gressman Nallandigham, of Ohio. Con-
gresham Hickman, of Pennsylvania, on
February 10. 1862, had already moved
his expulsion.
In the dark hour Of December, 1862,
ne advocated "peace by mediation" and
called for "union and constitutional
liberty through an honorable peace" "
In 1868 he became the candidate for
Governor Of Ohio on the Democratic
ticket and in that state knit together
the growing discomfort. 4 counter
revolution was forming, with him as its
Western leader. General Burn side
was ordered TO watch him. The cause
Of the North was politically at stake.
in his speeches at Columbus and at
Mount Vernon he said:
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Kaiser Says Jellicoe
Is a Gentleman
Old Friend, Says Emperor,
Admits Defeat by Ger
man Navy

LONDON, Oct. "Details OF the
Kaisers speech TO the business men
Of Hamburg have been going the rounds
OF the British press recently. and much
comment is made on the kaiser's state
ment that "Jellicoe is a gentleman"
The Kaiser is quoted in a Reuter- dis
patch as saying:
My Hamburg friends have lost mill
lions on millions in East Asia. Africa
and America. but they stand firm in
their determination to hold on. es-
pecially as regards England. Envy,
nothing but envy, drove England into
the war"
The Kaiser also said: Admiral Jel-
licoe is a gentleman, and an old ac-
quaintance of mine. He is a noble
man, sailor. over whose lips no lie
will pass. In accordance with that
truth. he reported his crushing losses
in the Battle of Jutland. IL was only
later. when the full effect abroad was
recognized, that the English endeayored
10 translate their defeat into vic
tory over nv fleet"
The further statement that the Brit
ish admiral is nobleman which he
is not-has created ripple of amuse-
ment among the sailors intimates and
in the press.
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Would Fit Case of
Day Pacihsts

Lincoln herein wrote state paper
for the world war OF 1917. Without
the change Of one word. 1t continues to
serve as The analysis Of sedition meth
DDS and the juridical exposition Of the
automatic suspension Of constitutions
during such times as a government re-
mains az war "a provision made for
war by our Constitution itself).
In greater detail the records yield
the narrative Of Nallandigham, whom
Lincoln referred to as "the person who,
more than any other was responsible
for the wholesale desertions IN the
Northern armies in 1868 and for the
threatened counter revolution IN the
Northwest and IN New York.
This Ohio statesman was no lnsignih-
cant person, but a distinguished law
yer. an orator. a leader, q man OF in
doritable perseverance. with strange
penchant for martyrdom not unlike La
toilette. Unlike La Toilette. the rad
ical. however. Nallandigham was nat
urai reactionary. a sticklcr for ancient
leralitics. a past master IN cant phrase
utterances. one Of those ford, decora-
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14

It was typical East Side audience
saw pedlers, operators and tailors.
saw small storekeepers, painters and
carpenters. | saw a great army OF
toilers with serious, tired faces. ! saw
men and women who came to America S
shores TO be free from Car and Cos
sack: men and women who stood by
helplessly and saw the blood of fathers
and mothers. sisters and brothers flow
ing in the streets of Russia; men and
women who came here for sunshine and
light.
"You see these men ," said Barondess
This is the East Side. These arc the
men for whom Mayor Mitchell has
worked 50 hard. Until Mayor Gaynor
began and Mayor Mitchell continued the
great work Of reform these men paid
a terrible tribute TO graft of every kind
You see that pedler?" And he pointed
to an old. stopped, bearded man OF
sixty. IL know that man. know the
price he paid to the policemen, to the
eangster and 70 the politician. II that
man did not misunderstood, if that
man had not been deceived and lied TO-
he would go TO the synagogue and pray
for Navor Nitchel's reelection.
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Now They Were
Ready to Fight

The applause was rather to the Ba-
rondess Of old than 70 the Barondess
who was now pleading the cause OF
capital. Barondess sat down. As soon
as he sat down. an air of defiance and
unrest seemed TO pervade the entire
room. Their duty to Barondess had
been done; the respect which was his
due had been paid. Now they were
ready for the fight which they had
come to watch. Once again the hall
was in tense silence. No one spoke
every one was waiting. II seemed they
all knew by agreement what was to be
the next move.
And 10 came,
Barondess introduced L. +. Miller
who had edited "Warheit' when II was
patriotic and left it when it became
pro-German.
Kisses and boots, jeers and cries OF
Capitalist" and "Moneymaker." came
from every part Of the hall Finally il
subsided enough 10 give Miller a
chance TO speak lie walked forward
slowly, until il seemed that he was to
fall from the platform. He crouched
as If he were preparing to jump into
the audience and tight.
Slowly ne began. You are jeering
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Must | Shoot Deserter
And Pardon lnstlgator2

"The Constitution is not IN its
snnlicstion in all respects the same
In cases Of rebellion or invasion, m
volviug the public safety, as ~ IS IN
time ~ profound peace and pubic
security.
"Thc Constitution itself makes the
distinction. and cannot be per-
suaded that The government can con-
stitutionally take mo- strong meas
ures in time o. rebellion because ~
can hc shown that the same could
not lawfully bc taken ln time oil
reace.
"Nor am able tosappreciate the
danger arprchendnd by the meeting
.at A.harvI that the American peo-
pie u.l. hy means OF military arrest
Grrrr the Rebel ION. lose the iight OF
public discussion. the liberty or
speech. ftc law OF evidence. tr4al by
furv and haheas corpus throughout
The indefinite peaceful future when,
j trust. lies before them.
"Musf ] shoot o. simple minded sol
der boy who deserts. while ] must
not touch o. hair OF willy agitator
who induces him 90 DESERT
"The man who stands by and says
nothing when fnc peril OF nus gov
crnmcnt is discussed cannot be mis-
understood lf not hindered he is
sure 90 help the enemy; much more
II he talks ambiguously talks for
his country with butts and IFS and
'ards'
"It was undoubtedly a well pom
dered reliance with them that IN
their own unrestricted efforts TO de
stroy the Union. Constitution and
law the government would in de-
gree De restrained by the same Con-
.ntution and law from arresting
their progress.
From this material under cover
of liberty Of speech liberty OF the
press and 'habeas corpus they hoped
20 keep on foot among Us most ef-
fcicnt CORPS Of spies, informers. sup
pliers and aiders and abettors OF
their cause IN a thousand ways
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
In War His Reaction
Became Sedition

Once war was declared his reaction
became sedition. Calling upon law
and other maxims and legal phrases,
he dehed the government, prudence:
everything, and in the dark days OF
July. 1868. it looked as If he was TO
receive his justification al the hands
OF time and history by the defeat o.
TIE abolition cause and the triumph OF
the South and Of Nallandighamism
One could imagine in such event
The pompous, eloquent, autocratic
Nallandigham becoming tremendous
hero on the page Of history. But
Time, the Avcngcr." to whom he was
so fond of appealing, failed to avenge
him. and "The First American Exile
Of Liberty" lies almost Obscurely IN
the archives of unsuccessful treason.
Clement Laird Valiandigham, OF
Scotch-Flemish extraction, though OF
immediate Southern ancestry, was born
IN New Lisbon. Ohio. His term as
Congressman from Dayton had expired
when he was exiled by Lincoln IN 1868,
so that impeachment proceedings were
not in order and he was without thf
privileges of a legislator. But before
his entrance into Congress and during
his career there he never missed an
occasion TO attack the war, always, he
said. in the interests Of Union"
He assailed "the horde Of Northern
aboHtionists" he espoused slavery; he
dec~ied war. but always craftily. His
pose was to insist that il was the
abolitioaists Of the North who were
bringing on and who brought on the
Civil War; that they were the break
ors Of the Union. As for himself he
was for Union and peace" for "the
Constitution and pacific methods; for
"ccmpromise.'
On his election to Congress in 1858
he said:
81 am one Of those who opposed abo..
lition or the political development OF
the anti-slayery sentiments from the
beginning"
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Crowd Cheers When
Told Peace Would Re-
store Gar and Reopen
Pogroms
Former Editor of War
heit'' Wins Victory
Over Pro-Germ an
Traducers

a: this time would be the greatest blow
TO Jewish freedom that could ever be
given. He proved TO them that the
future of Palestine, the hope and
dream of the Jews would be wrecked
and shattered by a peace at this time;
Then he told them Of the terrible
struggle a people who had suddenly
tasted freedom were making 70 hold
that freedom against the intrigue or
the German government. which was at
tempting TO rob them of IT, and when
he pictured the scenes in Russia, the
possibilities of a return Of a Gar by
a peace at this time. and told Of how
the hands and feet of little babies had
been severed one by one, how mothers
had been dragged with babies at their
breasts into the street and ravaged by
drunken Cossacks, how innocent girls
blossoming into ripe and honorable
womanhood had been raped and raw
aged in the domain Of the Gar.
"Your boys he cried, "have now
gone 70 give their lives for this gov
ernment. Willingly or unwillingy'
they are there. You on the East Side
are preparing to rebuke the govern
ment for which these boys have gone
70 give their lives. You are preparing
to do something which would single
these boys out in the ranks as the sons
of traitors, as the sons Of the fathers
who are now betraylng the government
which gave them a home and comfort.
"You are going TO make that boy
keep in the dark, keep aside, unable TO
stand shoulder to shoulder with the
boy next to him in line. You are going
to make it impossible for that boy in
that fight to stand up with his head
high, his chest out, his eyes straight,
fearlessly and bravely looking upon his
A,,orfcan
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14

that kind Here was a great army Of
men who believed that Hillquit's elec-
tion as Mayor would mean peace;
would mean the repeal of the conscrip-
tion law; would mean that the sons
who had been taken away would be re-
turned home once again; would mean
that the violence and fire which had
enveloped the entire world would be
stilled and quenched.
Il was beyond understanding how he
expected in fifteen minutes 10 change
this mob. which was now in the frenzy
Tor Hillquit and expect them to remain
silent at the mention of his name iif-
teen minutes later.
1t was at that point that American
history was made on the East Side. II
was at that moment that the great army
Of men and women, who came here TO
enjoy Americas freedom, began TO pay
their debt to those who had made that
freedom possible. The whole body OF
men simply became motlonless and
waited-and Miller began.
Five years ago the government of
the United states said 10 the Car Of
Russia: Until you learn 70 recognize
and respect equally the rights OF Jews
as American citizens we Will have no
further dealings with you
con that day the message of free
country went into dark, sordid, suf-
fering land. On that day the equality
of the Jew was flashed from the shores
of liberty 20 every corner of the civil
lied earth. And that day saw the be-
ginning of the end; the end Of the per
secution of a suffering race; the end
of pogroms; the end of bloodshed; the
end of the relentless, merci!ess, untlr-
ing persecution of innocent Jewish
men, women and children.
con that day the government Of Rus
sia was far better prepared for war
than was the government Of the United
States. On that day there were 6OO.-
900 Russian Jews in America. On that
dag the lives and the destinies Of
5000, 600 American men, women and
children were haz&rdad in order TO Sc
cure equal recognition for the Jews
Of America.
THAT was only because Russia re-
fused to recognize American passports
in the hands of Jews. On that day
there were no paciists on the East
Side. On that day the East Side was
joyous. was happy. That day the East
Side cried with JOY for what America
had done for them.
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Lincoln Sends Him
Into Southern Lines

The limit of tolerance had been
reached Lincoln had felt the situa-
tion i'm Ohio to be critical All over
the North was dissatisfaction. Lee was
marching on New York through Penn
sylvanla The counter revolution must
be nipped in the bud. General Burn
side arrested the former Congressman,
Vallandigham, now candidate for Gov
ernor Of Ohio, at Dayton, and took him
to the barracks at Cincinnati under
heavy guard.
At Cincinnati he was given mill
tary. trial, was found guilty for aiding
the enemy and sentenced TO coniinc-
ment to prison until after the war
President Lincoln Immediately changed
the sentence, and ordered Nallan-
digham, with poetic irony, TO be sent
across into the Southern lines, under
Injunction not to return excepting to
serve sentence.
His legal resources were many. lie
tried 10 free himself from the military
power by writ Of habeas corpus, but
Judge Lcavitt denied the writ, thus up
holding Lincoln's suspension of habeas
corpus, without express sanction OF
Congress, on the ground OF public ne
cessity, on the necessity of which the
court could not judicially determine
Vallandigham's friends called II a
"mock trial" and. as arrests had been
made in large numbers at the same
time. Lincoln was az pains 10 write mis-
letter to the Albany Mass Meeting Of
Protest iE answer 10 the now-growing
chorus Of complaints against Lincolns
"illegal arrests" and his arbitrary sus-
pension Of habeas corpus"
General Burnside delivered "the first
exile Of liberty" as he termed himself,
to General Bragg's lines. He was re-
ceived in the South with scclaims. and
made his way quickly 20 Richmond. He
and his bographcrs are silent upon
his relations with the Southern leaders
at Richmond. But other pamphlets re-
count through afidayits that Nallan-
digham so far forgot the cause of "the
Union" as 10 form plot 70 enter
New York State and there foment
riots so as 10 create a diversion that
would materially help General Lee in
his Invasion of-New York, now under
way through Pennsylvania. However
this may be. Nallandigham travelled
1000 miles, by way OF Bermuda and
Halifax to Niagara Falls, Ontario. From
this point he issued letters and pam
phlets attacking the war and srrang-
ing for his election as Governor OF
Ohio
New-York tribune., 1917-10-14
Truth Of America s Rea-
son for Entering War
Brings East Side Back
To Allegiance
Betrayed by Paci1sts
Who Represented q
Mitchell as Militarist
and Hillquit as Savior
Bv Gabriel Heater

MEXICAN history was made In
n ton minutes on the Fast Side
last Friday night. In fifteen
minutes pacifsts were changed INTO
patriots. lukewarm children of the
crucible" into fervid, loyal, 100 per
cent Americans.
Those who misunderstood were made
40 understand. Those who had been
deceived, misguided, and VINO lived IN
the dark were given light and under
standing. They were changed into men
who had seen a new vision, who had
heard a new call There were old men
and young men, 5000 of them.
!, who saw it, was thrilled. To me
that night, as to every other nan in
that hall, there came a newer, truer,
more fervent patriotism than ever be
fore.
H. was to be an ordinary political
campaign meeting. Joseph Barondess,
the.old warhorse Of Jewish struggles
and Jewish achievements asked me to
60.
1--WE are going TO have a meeting for
Mayor Mitchell at Clinton Hall to-
night" he said. "Come along. I'm a
little worried about IT,"
why ?" asked. saw clearly traces
of uneasiness and nervousness IN the
strong face, which was seldom nervous
seldom anything but strong.
Because we arc going TO speak to-
night to men who misunderstand. We
arc going to speak TO men who have
been misguided and who have been de-
ceived. am worried about the attend
ance. You see. these men, through the
newspapers which they read. have been
taught TO look upon Mayor Mitchell only
as representative of munition max
ers and bankers. That is why | feel II
will be a hostile audience, and If they
come they will come probably to taun'
and TO heckle."
"Tadnt? Heckle? The men Of the
East Side, for whom Mayor Mitchell has
done so much?" II was hard for me
to conceive this.
yes" replied Barondess, that Is the
sad part Of it all; that is the part tha,
hurts the most. You see they don't
know the truth They have been
taught to regard MitchePs patriotism
as militarism.'
We went, and arrived at the hall in
a downpour of rain. Standing outside
was a mob Of hundreds of men, push
ing, fighting for a chance 10 get in. In
side every inch of space was taken up
Barondess said he had never before
seen such a crowd in that hall.