davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

in the coming winter. Various meas.
ures have been introduced 70 Improve
the railway service. BY means 0.
strict orders concerning the losing
ard unloading Of cars the average
period of car circulation has been
shortened, but the resulting adyan.
tages have to be shared by the ship
pers of fuel with the shippers Of
foodstuffs. It is highly probable TIA:
similar orders viii be issued in re.
gard to the loading, unloading and
detention Of ships.
The situation may be summarized
as follows: There is no lack Of IN.
derground supplies Of coal; prOduc.
ton has decreased and viii probably
diminish still further rather than IL.
crease; no reserve stocks are avail.
able and none can be accumulated
within a short time; the demands aa
great and will increase as winter ap.
proaches; and, on the other hand
owing to transportation facilities, &
will be impossible to ship all the Goa.
mined, and coal will accumulate a.
the mines again.
In view of the dark outlook the eli,
les are establishing local coal bureaus
fer the purpose Of conserving Their
fuel supplies. 1t is a question whe,a.
er legislative regulation can over.
come all the difficulties. but it surely
can promote an equitable d.stribg.
ton. The distribution of fuel is al.
ways irregular, due to the peculiar
character Of the mining industry;
and if the estimates are 70 be even
approximately correct, account mus,
be taken of the transportation ser
vices, the efficiency Of which is affect
ed by the supply of cars and by the
difficulties caused to navigation B?
low water or frost. One or the Other
o. these factors is usually trouble
some.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
ACUTE FUEL SHORTAGE
ME,NACES HUN INDUSTRY
Rich Coal Deposits Do Not Yield Adequate onnage Because Labor
Is Scarce and transportation insufficient

trade or profession. This has result
e9 in an increase of production, but
the output is still insufficient. In
July of 1916 the average output per
man per shift was 1.0l metric tons
Of coal; in April, 1917. the Langen-
brahm mine, working under favor
able conditions, showed an average
Of only 90 ton, and its total daily
production had declined in the mean
time from 1,260 to 784 tons. During
the last weeks the shipments have
indeed been larger than previously,
June being a record month for the
war period. A large proportion of
these shipments, however, consist Of
coke, which has been held in stock
and cannot be taken into account in
estimating production, which is still
far below that Of peace times. In
individual mines the reduction Of
output amounts " iiiuNi II 90 ~ pa
cent.
The manufacture of coke is Of
particular Importance in connection
with the valuable by-products. The
industries are extending their use of
coke wherever it is possible, and the
demand for this kind of fuel has in
creased considerably in consequence.
Both the mines and the coke ovens
are suffering from a lack Of proper
equipment, resulting frequently in
temporary stoppaee of work. 1t is
difficult and at times even impossible
to replace worn out parts with new
ones, and repairs take too much time.
Mine timbers, which have likewise
been scarce, can now be delivered in
large quantities, as the demand for
teams, railway cars and snip space
l., somewhat smaller just now, and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

From an article in "Hdndetsbe-
richten," The Hague. Translated for
"Commerce ReportS.")
z IKE the iron and the potash
industries the coal mining in
A dustry Of Germany is unable
to satisfy the demands made upon it.
The coal deposits of the Ruhr district
are so rich that with an annual pro
duction equalling that of 1913 the
coal lying with a depth Of 1900 feet
could not be mined in 700 years. Thus
there is no lack of underground sup
plies, but it is impossible to bring
sufficient quantities above ground. 1t
is likewise the case with the other
Industries mentioned.
Moreover, owing to the war, much
larger demands are now made on the
coal mines than in normal times.
Stocks of coal at the mines, which
could not be shipped during the past
winter for lack of transportation ia
cilties, have disappeared, so that at
the present time there are no sup
plies Of coal or coke available for
Immediate shipment, and the quanti-
ties produced pass directly into con-
sumption.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

the mines are laying in large stocks
for the winter.
Owing to the high prices of plant
equipment and the high wages, which
are still increasing with great regu-
llrity, the cost of production has
risen very considerably. For the
Langenbrahm mine the cost of pro-
duction per metric ton of coal was
$50 marks ($2.07 at normal ex-
change) in July, 1916, and 1916
marks ($3.S5) in April, 1917. This
has led to an increase of prices,
which will be increased still further
after August 1, when a new tax on
coal goes into force. Higher water
freights have increased the cost of
transportation.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
Austria Also
+ cans Shortage

Not only in Germany but also Il
Austria, which imports large qaan'
/ titles of coal from Germany, the fear
is entertained that the supplies Of
fuel for the coming winter will prove
insufficient, and various measures are
being taken 10 conserve the existing
stocks. Even in the Ruhr district
which is so rich in coal, and IN the
city of Essen, where no gas has to De
manufactured, as the coke ovens o.
'the mines furnish an abundance o.
gas as a by-product, both coal aIi
gas have TO be conserved. The con-
sumption Of gas is 70 be reduced BY
prohibiting the use Of gas stoves N
dwellings, and it is expected that
electric heating will be prohloi'e'
altogether. The use Of gas for COOK
ing purposes is TO be limited, though
the interests of the consumers o.
moderate means are u be protected
The people are urged 70 procure
HAY boxes" (the Continental name
for freless cookers) and free lee.
lures are being given on the use o.
these cookers by means Of which !"
TO IS per cent Of the gas can "
saved. instruction is given on We
proper handling Of heating stoves
the ventilation Of rooms, The nc"
advantageous ways Of burning fue
in stoves, and the sitting Of UnouH'
particles of coal from the ashes, req
rescnting a saving Of % 10 10 ?"
cent, etc. Special regulations ."
expected concerning the heating "
water, the equipment Of bathrooms
the giving Of baths in hotels and w
use of Office rooms; several pers0"
ere TO occupy Office rooms when new
tofore have often had but one oee'
pant each, the government per"l|
ting no exceptions. II the seh00N
several classes are to share The sane
room.
Peat and wood cannot take u'
place of coal, for the restrictions
enumerated above are being inuO'
duced in Germany even in the han.
district, Notwithstanding the iS''
that the people there are eu'1"'
wood and digging neat.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
Thirty Millions
Reap Benefit

A moment with the facts. The
income tax returns report a total
of about $4,000 persons in the
United States who own up to in
come Of $4,000 or more. These
may be supposed TO make up large
part of Mr.. Ferguson's Investing
class" Is it true that this class
gets "every bit Of the gains, honors
and advantages accruing to modern
technology" ETC.? Does Mr.. Fer
guson, or the President, or any sane
man believe it?
Does the Investing class" get
even the larger share of "the gains,
honors and advantages? | answer,
no. Five million telephone sub
scribers, twenty-five or thirty million
Of telephone users get the main ad-
vantage of Graham Bells invention,
and not Mr.. Bell or the promoters
behind him, or the hundred or two
hundred thousand share owners Of
the Bell companies. Fifty millions
Of people, perhaps, enjoy the main
fruits Of Mr.. Edison's incandescent
light, and now of the new tungsten
lights, and not Mr.. Edison or the
$4,000 owners of shares in the Gen
cral Electric Company. Every little
hamlet in the nation feels every day
the effect of the combination of the
brains of the Carnegies and tricks
and Schwabs with the owners of
huge quantities of capital, resulting
in the uncovering Of the vast beds
of cheap iron ore Of the Mesaba,
the development Of a marvellous sys-
TEN of transportation over the
Great Lakes. the utilization Of new
processes and inventions, uniting TO
make steel so cheap that the main
uses Of wood have been abolished
and wooden ships, wooden cars and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

TNHOUGH gross operating reve-
nues of all Class / railroads
were S45,OO0,OOO greater in
July, 1917, than in the correspond
ing month year before, heavy in
creases in operating expenses and
taxes absorbed all the gain and more
besides, so that the balance applica-
bic to the payment Of dividends on
outstanding common stock was
slightly smaller. The decrease re,
suited from the unfavorable showing
of the carriers in the Eastern dis
trict, which earned only 1.l6 per
cent, against 1.29 per cent in July,
1916. Decidedly better exhibits were
made by the Southern and Western
roads, the former reporting earnings
for the common equivalent to OBJ
per cent, against 0.73 per cent, and
the latter los per cent, against /
per cent. Returns so far received
for the month of August indicate
that Eastern roads are now faring
relatively better than those located
In the other districts
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

war, in every way, Of perban,
per cent or 8 per cent Of the ~,
product Of the country. It is,,t.
difficult to regard this increase :.
practically infinite" In reali.v !.
is rather small, and probably b.
been covered twice or thrice A..
by the actual increase Of produc,o.
What has sharply risen /, r.
home demand Of our own huns,..
millions Of busy spenders. SUDDEN,
add 90 10 100 per cent % the nv,
inal "value" Of goods, and all b,l.
ers Of real property Immediately e.,
rich. They begin 20 spend scco,i
ingly, and the result is a demand .,
goods which seems 70 eyes n,
those Of Mr.. Ferguson "abv
lutte and infinite" II We had h,s
the economic intelligence % imno,i
lie the billion Of new gold that car.
to US, and let money rates rise :,
they would, we should have no hun
imitation Of credits and prices, no .,
Of wild extravaganza; we would haze
produced the steel, copper and f,J
needed by the Allies at a far low,
cost, but with a handsome profit; "a
should not be groaEing under hi,.
prices and have a bewildered adm.
istration vainly trying % "fx' T.,
price Of everything; and emo,iors
economies, with its dismissal O.. the
law Of gravitation as "irreleysr,.'
would scarcely have the vogue il nov
has in Washington and elsewhere.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
Three Reasons for
Smaller Output

The reduction of the output is due
% three factors-insufficient number
Of miners and their helpers, lessen
ing of the productive capacity Of the
labor force and lack of necessary
equipment. The number Of mine
workers has been increased by the
furloughing of 10000 soldiers who
are miners or mine managers by
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
Cities Reduce Food Waste

Forty seven out Of hity-nine 30 =,
cities that recently renorted ~ 49,
Food Administrator in Wash.ns'oH IA,
less garbage 20 dispose OF 20 J',! !, ,
IN the same month last year.
hopeful sign. Youths CompAh'V-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

sblv been more than met by the
actual increase Of production. The
enormous rise in coal prices was not
due directly to war buying OF coal,
but to the general expansion OF busi-
ness of nil lines in the whole coun-
try. That this is incontestably true
is evident from the still greater rise
in a companion industry, still less
directly affected by the war, that IS,
the oil trade. In eighteen months
the price of oil in the midwest
scared from forty cents to 81 a
barrel. We know well enough that
this at least was not occasloned by
any huge purchases of oil for eX-
mort. II was due almost wholly to
the simply astounding increase IN the
use of automobiles in this country.
OF the 100000 machines now reg
istered in the United States more
than two-thirds, perhaps three
fourths. have been built and sold
since the war began. II new proc
esses had not been perfected greatly
TO increase the output Of gasolene,
that precious fluid would readily
have gone to 81 gallon.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

current prices; and there are thou
sands of market men ready 70 sell
these shares on the smallest COM
mission of any business on Garth
one-eighth of 1 per cent. More than
this, there are hundreds of reliable
brokers' ready to sell these shares on
the instalment plan, 10 or 20 per
cent down, just like furniture or
building lots. So any one with a $40
or $50 bin in his pocket can become
q part owner of the General Electric
or Bell Telephone or any one of the
others. and thus share in the profits
cf these inventions. And if any one
reply: How can ! know what these
companies are doing? ! answer that
the General Electric prints a maya
zine telling all about these things, to
which any one may subscribe for
$3.50 a year.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

Runaway prices for steel, like those
for cotton, were probably due more
to currency initiation than to the
direct demands for war material.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14

companies are DONG. / answer thdI
the General Electric prints maya
zine telling all about these things, to
which any one may subscribe for
$3.50 year.
Division
OF Income
Furthermore, while Mr.. Rockefel-
Ter and Mr.. Morgan and the whole
capitalist class have an income in
normal times Of only perhaps six or
eight billions from which to spare
enough to buy stock in these COM
panies, the general public has per-
haps forty or fifty billions from
which to save for share buying.
have been at some pains to set
all this out because of a very note
worthy article which appeared in
The Tribune for September "a, from
the pen of Mr.. Charles Ferguson.
It was noteworthy because it ex-
pressed ideas which undoubtedly are
held by a great number Of very in
telligent men all over the country,
and because, / believe, the writings
and ideas Of Mr.. Ferguson are
admired and in part shared by
the present Executive Of the nation.
Mr.. Ferguson was sent abroad, | am
told, by the President on a special
mission to study wartime economies,
and some of his discoveries and the
fruits Of his thought are embodied
in the article in The Tribune, from
which ] now make bold to quote (the
article being a reply to one of mine
on The Inevitable Failure of Price
Fixing.D
Under our loisses tqire tradition
giving nature its free course with
out let or hindrance of any social
intelligence the profit that an in
weston can ret from any agricultural
field or manufacturing plant meas
ures in general the superiority of
that field or plant 70 the poorest field
or plant that can be operated. This
is d terrible truth TO people I'M
schooled in orthodox completeness.
10 amounts 70 a confession that the
investing class gets eUery bit Of the
gqins. hOn0rs and advantages ac-
cruing TO modern technology and
high tensioned tool power-leaving
the mass of the people TO live as best
they can at the level of the poorest
fields and factories.
at is precisely this state Of affairs
this assignment of the general
public 10 a permanent status Of live
lihood on a basis Of mdrimup, oick-
1ccrdneSs and diSdbility-that has
now come to its dav of judgment.
Mr. Snyder says. let this state Of
affairs alone But he is whistling
in the teeth Of a gale. The tempest
has been let loose and we cannot
breast it with the resources of weak
ness. And it is necessary that we
be strong"
From all this one can readily un-
derstand the sympathy which the
author of The New Freedom" would
have for the writings Of Mr.. Fergu-
sen. The same trend Of thought and
something of the same emotional con-
tent rules in both.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
BY Carl Snyder


Autbor Of "Amerio0u RdilCGys as
Inrestmcnts"
Thirty years and more ago Edi-
son perfected the incandcscent cleo
trio light. Through a generation the
form he gave it remained almost UNI
changed. Then came the new tung-
stem lights. and beside their white
brilHance the old carbon lamps
seemed yellow and dull. The miracle
of one day had been dimmed by the
miracle Of another.
So swiftly did the new supersede
The old that the carbon lamps have
already almost disappeared. And
the change has largely been pro
NOTED by the lighting companies.
There was here an amazing thing.
The new tungsten lights use hardly
more than third the current re-
ouired for the carbon. And as cleo
tricity is sold 10y the yard, as it were,
this seemed 70 threaten a huge re-
duction Of the quantity Of current
tho companies could sell. Yet many
Of them put in the new lamps Of
their own accord.
Nor was this all. The remarkable
qualities OF tungsten had long been
known. The new lamps were not a
discovery; they were a slow develop
mcnt; probably the total cost Of all
the experimenting that was done in
this field would run to a million dol
lars or more. It was a task beyond
the means Of an ordinary inventor,
and could be done, as it was, only
by a large outlay Of capital. Yet this
outlay was made to produce a better
md cheaper light.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
Real Forces
Back of Rise

It ought to be fairly clear that If
the price of oil could rise fre times,
and cotton could rise four and a haf
times, while the price Of wheat rose
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-14
Capital
With Vision

" ltll io4oii
A hundred or more years ago,
when the spinning jenny and the
power loom and other inventions
were introduced, worl,men mobbed
The factories and broke up the new
~ach;ues because they believed they
would pc thrown out of work. Yet
in the present instance the opera
tors. the lighting companies. has
tened to install an invention that
apparently meant a great loss Of
revenue. That is one difference be
tween organized labor and organized
capital. Capital could afford and
Lad the intelligence TO take q pres
CIT loss for q future gain. Practi-
cally the whole fruit Of the invention
accrued to the public.
This is one instance. Here is an
other: When Mr.. Edison invented
the carbon lamp he made the discov-
cry that the carbon flament under
certain conditions could be made to
operate as an electric valve. and that
this could be used to magnify sounds.
This was known as the Edison ef
feet" 1t was the basis Of the little
"audion, perfected by DR.. de Forest
and familiar to all the amateurs Of
wireless" It made a wonderful de-
tcctor Of wireless signals and speech.
The greatest drawback to long
distance telephony lay in the lack Of
Just such a valve mechanism, which
would magnify human speech. No
cad of effort and outlay was made to
ind such a device, for the reward
was very great. Finally, a syste-
matte research was begun in the
laboratories Of two great companies,
and the perfected audion became a
practical telephone relay. 1t is that
which makes clear speech between
New York and San Francisco posi-
bic. But it has done a great deal
more. 1t has greatly cheapened long
l.stance rates all over the country.
The telephone is an immense time
saver. And as the United States
row have more telephones and use
them more than all the rest. of the
nations of the earth put together,
this means a large saving and a very
great service to the public. The
telephone companies adopted the new
device Immediately, because they
saw that there was oportunity to
load their distance lines much more
heavily, and by reason Of this they
could reduce rates and thus be as
sured a much greater and more even
volume Of business. And the public
cot the benefit.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-08-08

sIOUX CITY LIVE STOCK MARKET

Sioux City. Aug. S.-Run of cattle
at hand today was of small volume,
estimate calling for 500 head, as
against 769 a week ago-and $50 the
corresponding time a year ago.
Prompt release was had for all
grades of killers this morning and
the market showed all recent
strength and here and there on the
suitable grades of grass steers and
butcher stock the market was Judged
as being another dime higher. Bulls
and veals remained unchanged.
Outlet for the few odd punches of
stock cattle showed breadth with
changes in the way of improvement.
Inquiry from the country is picking
up a little and with receipts light
an dthere is a good healthy tone in
evidence.
Hog prices were given another
boost, fresh advance being estimated
at a dime. Top for the day reached
$16.20, while the bulk of the sales
ranged from $15.25M15.60.
Sheep supply locally light. but in
line with weakness at outside points
the market was slow with trend
downward.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-08-08
COWBELLS SAVE CHERRIES.
Farmer Rugged a Water Wheel on
Wife's Churn to Ring Them.

Redding, Cal.-W. A. Bull OF lgo has
saved his big cherry crop with cowbells
operated by a waterwheel.
Bull has an orchard up South Fork
creek. His cherries ripened, but as
fast as they matured birds picked them
off. Bull rugged up some ordinary
scarecrows. They did well enough for
a day or SO, or until the wise birds de
tected the fraud.
AS a last resort Bull tied several
cowbells In the treetops and to the
thinkers attached strings, which he
ierked from his front porch. The COW
bells jangling scared the birds away
all right ana bid fair to save the cherry
crop. but Bull got tired OF jerking the
strings all day long.
Now, he has a water wheel that runs
his wife's churn. So Bull attached the
strings to the churn dasher. As the
water wheel went it's rounds the churn
dasher bobbed up and down, and the
cowbells kept up their jangling In the
treetops all day long. The birds were
scared away eff~ectually, and Bull saved
his cherry crop.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-08-08
OF SEIZURE
GRANTED IN FRANCE

Paris, Aug. S.-The precise terms OF
the law just passed giving the civil
authorities requisitioning powers we're
published in the Journal Officiel.
Under the provisions of the act these
authorities may, during the war, seize,
in the first place, everything necessary
for feeding and clothing the civil pop
ulation and supplying 1T with heat and
light.
In the second place, they may seize
all industrial and commercial mate.
rails and establishments used in the
production. fabrication, manipulation
or conservation of the supplies need
ed for the population.
Industrial or commercial establish
ments may be seized wholly or in part
In the latter case, if the operators OF
the establishment to be partly relin
pushed agree to produce supplies as
determined on by the minister o.
commerce, the requisition viii be helC
up.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-08-08

! will have to die as lhore is no help for
me- She got me one of your little
books and my husband said | should try
one bottle. | stopped the Doctors
medicine and took Lydia f. Pinkham's
Vegetable COMPOUND. 1t soon made a
change in me and now | am strong and
do all my work. - Mrs. AUGUSTUS
BAUGHMAN, Box Sc, Enhaut, Pa.
Why will women continue to suffer
day in and day out and drag out a sickly,
half-hearted existence, missing three
fourths of the joy of living, when they
can find health in Lydia T.. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound
If you would like free confidential ad-
vice address Lydia K. Pinkham Medicine
Co., Lynn, Mass.