Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-06-09

duced In the ovary or grape-like clus-
ter In the back OF the hen. while the
rest OF the egg IL made In the oviduct
commonly called egg bag. The yolk II
fully developed and mature or ripe be-
fore It leaves tie ovary and before any
OF the rest OF the egg Is placed around
1t. After leaving the ovary the yolk en-
tiers the3ov,duct. where 1t receives the
alhumen in the first two thirds OF the
oviduct. Then In the last third of the
oviduct. the shell membrane and shell
are placed around the entire egg.
| Machine Must ee Cared For.
4 So You see each Of the three parts
OF the egg is developed in place spe-
lcialized for that particular work and
neither one could do the work of the
other. That is the ovary could not man :
ufacture either albumen or shell. nor
could either OF the sections of the
!oviduct manufacture the yolk or
the part manufactured by the other
i section of the oviduct. !.
/ Now I'VE are ready for the one thought
to be especially impressed that the egg
is built by three parts Of one machine
land that in order for this machine to
w WOIh PiopSiiy' ~ Ahooe ip'h'Si'
the right kind Of material to each part
of the machine.
! The yolk Is made Of 80 per cent fat,
16 per cent albuminoids, l per cent
minerals. and the rest water. You see
at once that If you wanted the hen to
produce yolks only you should feed a
large amount of fat producing food,
such as corn, but II we feed ration
that has too much fat producing food.
the hens produce more yolks than they
can furnish albumen for, so as a re-
suit they re-absorb the yolks and build
them into fat. The old saying that "a
hen gets too fat to lay" is incorrect.
1t should be said "a hen gets too fat
because she can't lay
The second part of the egg to be
made is the white or albumen. which is
made of 2 per cent fat. IL per cent al
buminoids, 1.2 per cent minerals, S4.S
per cent water. If you wanted to man
4 ufacture the albumen only, you should
feed very little fat forming food, but
a large amount of food rich in albumen,
such as beans, peas, meat scraps, al
i falfa, etc. Again, If you wanted to pro-
duce only shells of eggs. it would re-
I4ulIc d large dHlOuHt VI sum
as lime But nature has decreed that
one part Of the egg shall not be pro-
duced without the rest of the egg so
we can not feed a hen so she will lay
the yolks of eggs only.
i The "Freak Eggs"
| Going back now to the process Of the
building of the egg and to the work
done by each part of the organs. One
often hears questions about the devel-
| opment of what we might term freak
eggs" Nearly every one has seen
small spot or drop Of blood in the
white Of an egg. This spot or drop came
from as mall blood vessel which was
broken as the yolk left the follicle mem
brane which held the yolk in place IN
the ovary. This does not show the
development Of the embryo. The en-
bryonic development begins in the lit
tie whitish spot or germinal disc on
the top side Of the yolk. This white spot
is present in an infertile egg the same
as in fertile egg. The white cords on
either side Of the yolk are present in
both fertile and infertile }egge. The
male germ IL located in the germinal
disc or white spot on the top side Of the
yolk, and Is so small one can not tell
by looking at an egg whether it Is fer
tile or infertile unless it has been in
cubated for about two days At the
time the yolk leaves the follicle 1t
sometimes breaks the vitelline surround
ing the .yolk and allows the yolk con-
/ tents to pass out and mix into the body
Icavity. Often when this occurs, small
part Of the yolk will enter the oviduct
which stimulates the oviduct to action
and small egg is formed. A blood clot
from the follicle, or a broken chalazae
will do the same Many have the idea
that the small egg is formed at the
close of the clutch Of eggs and Just be-
fore the hen goes broody This il inN
correct as the small eggs are laid in
the regular course Of laying the AAme
cs normal egg. 81 .tl..,S;
The funnel of the oviduct often
catches two yolks at the same time. In
that case the two yolks are placed Id
one egg and are called double yolked
|eggs, The double yolked eggs are laid
in the regular course Of laying about
half the time Sometimes the hen does
not lay the day before and other times
she does not lay the. day after laying
the double yolked egg. Soft sheiled eggs
have been traced to two principal
causes. One is diseased condition Of
1 the oviduct in the section where the
hard she'll Is formed. The other cause
will be seen by studying the length Of
the sections of the oviduct and the
length Of time required in each section
It will be noted that every section Of
the oviduct Is long enough to hold two
eggs except the last section whore the
hard shell is placed OMIT requires from
twelve to twenty -four hours 10 build
the hard shell on an egg. Some hens
can manufacture more than Sonese egg In
one day 80 as a result the second egg
is following closely behind the first and
as the first hasn't time enough to. re-
ceive the shell till the second ID press I
ing against 1t. the contraction Of the
oviduct back of the second egg forces
the first out. usually on the droppihgs
board: at night
Sometimes a hen will be what Is calf
ed eES bound, that L. an obstruction
prevents the egg from being laid. The
egg will remain in the uterus for,some
time, until nature relieves herself BY
sending the egg In the reverse direc-
ton. It sometimes passes out OF the
oviduct into the body cavity and may
4 be picked up, again by the oviduct ana
another egg placed around that One.
The freak eggs ares OF very little
value. Very few OF them are fertile
so should not be incubated. They are
II - vnA aaNt favs