davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kansas City sun. (Kansas City, Mo.) 1908-1924, 1917-08-18
8 neutral ships sunk by

had seen no fewer than 66S neutral ships sunk by
submarine warfare.
We saw Germany precipitating this world war,
in which she has used poison and fire, as a part
of her official policy at a moment when In the
opinion of her leaders she judged the rest Of the
world to be unready to defend itself against an
attack for which Germany had been preparing
for 40 years.
The plain catalogue Of facts makes 1t plain
why America is fighting to defend itself and democ-
racy. We have entered the war primarily in self
defense. To have done anything less would have
been to surrender our sovereignty and TO have
waited passively until the German program had
been so far carried out and the truly modern ma
lions Of Europe so weakened that we In our
unpreparedness would have been forced to fight
a rapacious, constituencies military autocracy,
whose ends in war are avowedly indemnities, ag-
grandizement, and the control of the world. Our
alignment inevitably was with and for democracy
An epoch of civilization hangs in the balance
Not to have co-operatcd with a world that Is en-
deavorng to protect itself and its future from
Germany with its militaristic autocracy, It's ter
rorism, and its disregard of international law
that noblest product of civilization, would have
been a bid for suicide.
We do not fight for ACKNOWLEDGMENT, or indem-
nifty, or the forcihle imposition Of our institutions
upon any country; we fight for self-protection
We do not fight to further British ambitions or
French schemes Of colonization. We are fighting
for the institutions which with varying degrees
have spread from America all over the world ex
cept Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, and
Bulgaria.
Our success will make 1t possible, we believe
not only for our children and our children's chill
dren to enjoy peace, but for German liberalism
to master the forces which for nearly a century
have been it's Oppressor.
The American Revolution preserved in America
and In England the liberty that goes with indie
pendence. Our Civil war assured the future Of
democratic institutions in our united nation. Tn
present war is not born of our independence, bu
of our interdependence among those nations VIII
have dedicated themselves TO the task of seeing
that government Of the people, by the people, ant
for the people shall not perish from the earth.
The Kansas City sun. (Kansas City, Mo.) 1908-1924, 1917-08-18

the whole affair was exaggerated. We simply could not realize the
German attitude Of mind. Accustomed as many of US had been to
interpret the finer ideal life of Germany, we could not believe that men
Ike Eucken, Harnack. Hermann, and Diessnann could freely and
without reserve lend themselves to the defense of that which was n
worthy Of their words as we had understood them.
Against our will we have been disinustoned. We have not gone
The Denver star., 1917-07-21

cago. former United States consul to
Bombay and vladivostok, the Official
representative of Japanese and British
interests in Siberia during the Rus
sfan-Japanese war and the holder OF
other prominent official offices. He
was the first Negro graduate of Har-
ward university. He was admitted to
the bar in 1876 and was dean of the
law faculty OF Howard university,
Waka6aigton. for time ana was Law.
clerk to the first comptroller of the
United States treasury. The LII. D.
degree was also conferred upon Rob
ert C. Barnes, lawyer of Detroit,
and James Logan Curtis. United
States minister to Liberia and an alum
nus Of Wilberforce.
The honorary degree Of master Of
arts was conferred Upon William II.
York, major of the consta bulary Of the
frontier forces in Liberia. an alumnus; !;
DR.. T. c. Chapman, a prominent den-
fist Of Kansas City. an alumnus, and
Professor E. A Meyzeek, principal Of
the normal school at Louisville. Ky.
The following graduates received de-
grees: Classical course, bachelor Of
arts, Gartrell J. Gaines, Valdosta, Ga. i;
Clay E. Hunter. Yellow Springs, o.;
Charles Gardner Read, Charleston,
8. c.; Iolene Springfield, Owensboro,
KY; Isaac E. Steady. Sierra Leone.
West Africa; Marguerite Elizabeth
Watkins, Xenia (summa cum laude).
Scientific course. bachelor of science,
Lorenzo S Burford, Memphis, Tenn.
Walton R. Dolby, Selma. Ala; Robey
Lee Crawford, Prairie View. Tex;
William B. johnson, Birmingham,
Ala; Pauline L. Kigh- Louisville, KY;
Aline Louise Singleton, Louisville. KY;
Ossian II. Sweet, Barton. Fla; Ledrue
William Turner, Muskogee, Okla; Lii
lie Belle Vance, Houston, Tex; Mon
roe Levon Young. Paulding. o.; B. A.
in education. Beatrice Mason. Wilber-
force.
Diplomas were awarded to the fol-
lowing: Academic department. George
W. Anderson, Pinkstaff, ILL.,: Gladys
Eleanor Brummell, Indianapolis. Ind. ;
Julia Annette Dixon. New York city;
Gertrude Bailey Foster, Memphis,
Tenn: Marie c. Gillard, Huntington.
w. Va; Villa Mae King. Chattanoo-
ga. Tenn; Jonathan Mangena Mo-
kone, Pretoria, South Africa; Ethel
Farley Pannell, Danville. KY; Amanda
Jane Tanner. Paducah. KY: Arnian
AscOtt Thompson. Barbados, West
Indies; Bertha Henrietta Ward, Hunts
vile. Ala; Elizabeth Watson. George
rothers. Ida Beatrice Mason and John
Robert Winston.
Certificates in instrumental music.
Ruth Elizabeth Banks, Pittsburgh, and
Annie Louise Singleton. Louisville, Ky.
The Denver star., 1917-07-21
MISS BAKER LEADS CLASS.
Cambridge G;ri Wins Highest honers
In Class Of 25o.,


Ii is a pleasure to note the number of
graduates from the different schools
in Greater Boston for the school year
1917, which by far exceeds the num-
ber of former years. Some will enter
institutions of higher learning; others
will go into the various occupations as
they see fit Whatever capacity OF
work they may be engaged in, we hope
that their previous training will >be an
incentive for continued study and per
severance in order to be prepared to
meet the necessary requirements In
life. says the Boston Guardian.
Miss Irma NJ Baker Of a Prentiss
street graduated from the Cambridge
English high and Latin schooi with
the proud distinction OF winning the
highest honor out OF class of 2oO
girls. She delivered the salutatory ad-
dress On Success before the largest
crowd that ever assembled for a grad
uation at Sanders theater.
Never before in Cambridge, the city
noted for its schools and colleges OF
learning. has 4 colored girl achieved
such honors. and today not only her
parents, who, we know. feel proud, but
the whole race. join In the praise OF
this great honor. During the four
years Of hee attendance she has 4evoE
bsen lats - abssak
The Denver star., 1917-07-21
FORWARD MARCH
| At W|LBERFORCE!
Getsd Ohio Institution Closes
With Fine Program.
EMINENT SPEAKERS HEARD

fifty-feurth Annivsrsary Commence
mont Season Affords Period Of Joy
and Inspiration to Faculty and Stu.
dsnts-Miss Margaret e. Watkins Of
Xsnia Receives Honora
The June commencement exercises at
Wilberforce university, Wilberforce, O.,
marked the 1fty-fUnth anniversary Of
the existence of this pioneer instttu-
ton for higher education. The COM
mencement season was one Of Joy and
inspiration to both faculty and stu
dents There were many persons of
prominence in attendance, who Wed
with each other IL aging homage 20
President W. 8. 2 borough. the board
of trustees and the faculty and stu
dents for the high mark Of efficiency
shown during the school year.
At 10 o'clock a. M on graduation
day President Scarborough, accompa-
MED by the speaker Of the day. the
Hon. Richard T Greener of Chicago.
The Denver star., 1917-07-21
VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR
GIRLS ASKED By LEAGUE
New York Organization Receives Fa-
veraBis Reply From Education 0oard.

AS a result OF the conference on trade
training opportunities for New York
city girls held some time ago at the
residence of Miss Virginia Potter on
West Seventy sixth street. New York,
at the call of the National Urban league
a hearing on the subject before the
committee on vocational training of
the board of education was held the
second Friday in June.
OF the Representatives of the twenty
six petitioning organizations those who
spoke In behalf of increasing the facili-
ties for trade training were Miss Vir-
ginia Potter. president of the board Of
directoES OF the Manhattan Trade
School For Girls; Miss Elizabeth Wal
ton. Miss Margaret Brown. secretary
vocational scholarship committee Of the
Henry Street settlement: Mrs. Cecilia
Cabanis. executive secretary colored
branch Y. ". c. A: Eugene Kinckle
Jones. executice secretary National Ur-
ban league: Jacob Theobald. principal
public School No. 80.
John Martin. chairman Of the vo-
cational committee OF the board of
education. stated that his committee
looked 'favorably upon the extension
of the facilities for vocational training
for girls under high school grade and
appointed a committee from the educa-
tional department to confer with
committee of three from the petition
ers on courses of training to he offered
next September.
The committee from the petitioners
are Miss Virginia Potter. Miss Marga-
ret Brown and F. X. Jones.
The Denver star., 1917-07-21

DR.. Daniel Williams, the noted physi-
clan OF Chicago and head of the sur
gicar stan OF st. Luke's hospital; DR..
William Galloway. president of the c.
n. and l, board and trustees; the bish-
ops OF the A. NJ. +. church and grad
uating students, headed the line Of
march and proceeded to the auditorium
Of Galloway hall. In which the exer-
cises were held. Two thousand persons
were In attendance.
After prayer by the Rev. DIR. r. C..
Ransom Of New York President Scar
borough introduced Hon. Richard T.
Greener. who delivered the annual ad-
dress, speaking at length on The Old
and the New Education" tracing the
rise OF the old systems Of Greece and
Rome. The contrast of the cultured
civilization OF the one" said the speak
er. "is against the militarism Of Rome
The rise OF the universities Of the mid
die ages. thirteenth and fourteenth CEN
turtles. down to the American systems
was inherited from England. The new
education with us began about the year
1866 with the famous address of DR.
Hedge, which led to the election Of
Professor Elliott. who is known all
over the land as a science teacher.
"A college or university is distinguish
ed by Its instructors. and the object OF
the instruction should be to stimulate
and arouse the ambitions and the ap-
probation of character. the true. the
beautiful and the good. We should
have no hesitancy in accepting the
new methods. 1t would be refiec-
ton on the present day civilization to
say that the old il better than the
new. The education had to become
practicable and adapted to the diver
sified talents and wants OF the race.
There was Il time when education
was solely for men. but today 1t in
cludes men ana women, which means
the coordinate development OF the
race" The speaker referred to such
educators as John Stuart Mill, John
Ruskin. Carlyle. John Henry Newman.
Daniel A. Payne, Booker T. Washing
ton. President Scarborough and others.
urging the graduates who were to re-
ceive their diplomas at the close of
the exercises to read the works OF the
authors named. that they give stimu-
lance. that their works were useful be-
cause they tell how to act. how to live
and regulate the true educational value
of study.
Following the commencement ad-
dress by the Hon. Mr.. Greener, the
presentation of diplomas and certifi-
Gates and the comforting Of honorary
degrees took place. The diplomas were
presented to the graduates by Presi-
dent Scarborough. while the presentn-
tion speeches were delivered by Dean
Gilbert II. Jones. Dean George F.
woodson and Superintendent William
A. Joiner Miss Margaret f. Watkins.
a young Xenia girl received the high
est honors in the college department
magma cum laude. Miss Watkins
who is very brilliant student. com
pieted the course in three years. which
Is an unusual record. W. b. Johnso,
Of st. Louis received the second high
est honOrs.
Degrees were conferred by the uni
versity as follows through President
w. 8. Scarborough:
The honorary degree of IL. n. wa.
conferred upon the commencement
speaker, Richard r. Grecner Of CHI
- ~~-"sA
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
Shark Fishing Season.

The best season for catching sharks
seems to be during the cooler months
from October TO March. Fishermen
say that sharks are not so plentiful at
other times of the year.
The flesh, fins, maws, jaws and
other bones, livers and skins all enter
into the commerce Of Alden, which is
the center of the shark-fishing indus
try. The fresh meat Of the smaller
sharks is sold regularly in the fish
bazaar at very reasonable prices TO the
poorer classes of natives who cannot
afford other sorts of fish. The meat
is strong. but is said to be quite palat-
able when one is accustomed to eat
ing 1t. The principal consumers Of
shark meat are the Arabs, although
the native Jews and Somalis also use
it. The Somali and Arab are Moham-
medans and their religion forbids eat
ing the flesh Of any fish that has not
scales. However, the working classes
of natives are so poor that shark meat
is the only sort Of fish they can afford.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
Effects Of Fear.

The coward on the field Of battle
dies many times whether death comes
to him or not.
Not only on the field of battle do
men suffer fearsome deaths but in
various walks Of life. Their fear of
failure makes w~eaklings Of them, Just
as the fear of disease renders them fit
subjects for 1t.
II was not long since that some
thoughtless companions of a young lady
who had a horror of smallpox told her
that she had been exposed to the dis
ease and pointed to some innocent red
splotches on her face as evidence that
she was taking ii. For days and nights
she suffered from pain and fever and
mental anguish. Upon learning the
facts in the case the physician assured
her that she had not been exposed to
the disease and that there were no
symptoms of it. She thereupon took a
turn for the better and rapidly re-
gained her health.
This Is but one of the constantly re-
curing instances of the effects of fear
on the mind and through it on the
body.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
Some Birds Are "Sprinters."

Birds with short, square wings, like
the king bird, quail and rufled grouse
are sprinters; those with a wide
stretch of wings are distance run
ners." Birds of the first class attain
their bursts of speed through their
very rapid wing stroke; birds of the
second class have sustained powers of
flight, but get under way more slowly.
All the gallinaceous fowl are sprint
ers. They take wing like a bullet;
their wings make a loud, whirring
sound. The quail or ruflled grouse can
gain full momentum within sixty feet
of rising; the wings beat from five to
sever times a second. The quail cov-
ers from forty-fve to fifty feet the first
second away from the gun his wings
flash like a rapidly revolving wheel.
The wings of the rufled grouse roar
until the sound can be heard 200 yards
away.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
Handles HoIoaraph VIII.

Musicians will be keenly interested
In the fact that the famous Telegraph
will of Handel, signed by the COM
poser in full, with four signed codicils,
has been sold by auction in London.
The will contains the bequest to Mr..
Christopher Smith CHandel's amanu-
ensis) of 'my large Harpischord, my
little House Organ, my Musick Books.
and five hundred pounds sterl." In
the collection are relics of early Eng
fish masters-Lawes. Morley. Carey,
Playford, etc. Among moderns there
is the MS. score of Sir Arthur Sulli-
vans anthem, "Sing Unto the Lord"
written when the future %Savoyard was
a choirboy At the Chapel Royal.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
He GOT The FANS
Officer Met Objections of His
SuperiOrs in Washington.
offered to Transfer One of his HEAVY.
weight Ensigns to Make Room
for Extra Equipment

When a squad Of civilian volunteers
went on a battleship training cruise.
Lieut.. f. II. Roberts one day told them
about service with the destroyers.
NO special attempt" he told the
volunteers, ais made in selecting the
men to serve in torpedo craft, wheth-
er they are fat men or lean men, short
men or tall men. The character and
spirit are developed by association af-
ter their arrival. As a rule, they are
older than the men on the battleships.
you all know that one of the char
aeteristics of a destroyer is ability to
make high speed. To this end 1t has
always been the policy of the naval
constructors to keep fittings of the
vessel strong but of light weight. No
chances were eve lost by the naval
constructors In Tightening the destroy
ers by removal Of any fittings that
they considered Unnecessary"
To illustrate: A flotilla of DESTROY
ers was dispatched from the Atlantic
coast to the Philippines via San Juan.
the Azores, the Mediterranean. the
Suez canal, Indian ocean and the West
Indies.
1t so happened that on one of these
destroyers the commanding officer was
a man weighing 230 pounds. His two
assistants, both then ensigns. each
weighed well over 200 pounds. out of
a h~alf-dozen chief petty officers three
of them were heavyweights, and in the
rest of the crew were two others of
the same avoirdupois.
Upon arrival in the Philippines the
weather was hot and sultry, the sun
keeping the decks of the vessel warm,
adding another torment.
The vessels original allowance list
had included m electric fan, so the
commanding officer submitted a reaui-
sition requesting that a fan be fur
nished for the %wardroom, and one In
each compartment in which the crew
were quartered, a total Of five fans.
The request in due time reached
Washington, and some three months
later was returned disapproved as the
bureau did not wish to add n I'M
necessary weight to the vessel for fear
of reducing its speed.
Nothing daunted, the commanding
officer returned the requisition with a
statement thereon of the weights of
himself, his two commissioned assist
ants and other members of the crew
and requested that one of these heavy
weights be transferred and that a man
weighing about $50 pounds be sent in
his place.
The fans were forthcoming and no
body was transferred. Since that time
electric fans are among the few com
forts found on d~estroyers.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
Woman in the Field of Labor.

If by chance a woman does not be-
come a homemaker, but enters a bust
ness pursuit, she meets unusual diff
Guilty. The man has been in business
for generations; the woman is a new
conner. Some e%mployments are closed
to her, either because they require the
great physical strength or endurance,
or because conventional considerations
forbid. Americans look with disap-
proval upon women working in the
fields, as they do in foreign countries !;
and vet there is much field work that
is more interesting, more wholesome
and much more suitable than some
of the work that American women are
allowed TO do-such, for example, as
they do in laundries and in factories.
Not only are women considered as
invaders in mems fields, but also they
suffer because men, invading fields
once considered strictly feminine, are
becoming dressmakers, cooks, laundry
managers and clerks. Moreover, for
the same work women received lower
pay than men. Do not those difficult
ties constitute n compelling appeal to
give women in their schooling every
possible equipment for successE
Youths Companion.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
Welcome the Birds.

Are all the beautiful birdhouses that
were made last winter now in place
and occupied? Let us give a glad
welcome to all the birds that can be
induced to live near us. Not everyone
realizes the benefit these little crea-
lures confer. The work they do in
preserving our crops and fruit from
the a of insects needs TO be
told again and again. Besides this
great use, the happiness they give US
with their songs and their beauty Is
not 20 be told or measured. Many a
heavy heart has been cheered and COM
forted by the robins friendly "eheer
up. dearie. cheer up as he fits about
a home. Robins love to be friendly,
and there are other birds which love
human society. Have you in your
yard a dish of water for them to drink
and battle in? II not, put n there
and observe how gladly it is made use
of.-Exchange.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23

Because rhubarb leaves contain GER
tain substances which make them poi
sonous to a great many persons, spe-
cialists of the United States depart
ment of agriculture warn housewives
against using this portion Of the plant
for food. A number of letters have
been received by the department call
ing attention to the fact that certain
newspapers and magazines are advo-
eating the use Of rhuharb leaves for
greens. and that disastrous results
have followed the acceptance of the
adyica
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
WHERE TARLET0N IS BURIED
american Tourist Discovers Tomb Of
Dashins Officer Who Won Fame
In Revolution.

What became of Major Tarleton aft
er the Battle Of Yorktown Except
for a very few people, says A. G..
Bradley in the Nation, everyone in
England has forgotten the very name
OF the young cavalry leader. But many
persons in America must have won
dered what became of the dashing sol
der, and how it happened that in the
long years Of war that shook England
and Europe his name never once APP
peared.
When Mr.. Bradley, in a leisure hour,
entered the fine old fourteenth century
village church at LeintWardine, In
H~erefordshire, be did not think that
the bare, unseated chapel promised
u of interest; indeed, he was Just
turning away when in a far corner and
partly concealed by ladders, buckets,
planks and other articles necessary to
the cleaning of the church, he caught
sight of a lofty mural monument. The
lettering on 1t ran as follows:
Near this place are deposited the
mortal remains of Sir Banastre Tarle-
ton-Baronet General in the Army
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of
the Bath, Governor of B~erwick-on-
Tweed, Colonel of the Gallant 9Th
Hussars-He represented his native
town of Liverpool for seven Sessions
and closed his distinguished caree in
fbfc nIoaa Tun o. 1000
In 1893 Tarleton was sent to Portu-
gal, but was very soon recalled at his
own request, and with that exception
he never saw a shot fired after York
or served anywhere abroad. al
though England was constantly fight
ing until Waterloo. He got promoted
regularly, however, for he stood well
at court and was a member of the
prince of Wales circle.
Tarleton belonged neither to the no.
bility o to the landed gentry. He
was the son of a Liverpool merchant,
an unusual origin at that time for a
dashing cavalry officer and the best
horSeman. according to good authority,
IN the British army. He had entered
oxford and had studied to become a
barrister, but gave up classics and the
for soldering and a commission
ut t%wenty-one years of age. He had a
genius for the training of men and
and for rapid and successful
On returning from America, how
ever, he turned from soldering TO poll
ties: he lost no time in entering the
house Of commons, and sat for his
city of Liverpool for 20 years.
lie became a major general in 1894, a
lieutenant general in 1901, a full gen
eral in 1912, a baronet in 1915 and a
G. C. b. in 1920. He also held the
full colonelcy of several cavalry regi-
in succession and vas for some
years governor Of Berwick. He APP
parently retired with his wife TO
Leintwardone for the last years of
life, lived there quietly and did not
mix with the n%eighboring county fam
lies.
The s~eelusion of his gorgeous tomb,
the cobwebs Of a disused aisle,
a final touch of mystery to the
romance that early associations with
Virginia have connected with Tarle7
name.-Youth's Companion.
The silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1909-1925, 1917-10-23
First PRINCIPLES.

"Do you think that new recrdit will
ever learn to be a soldier?" asked the
commanding officer.
Wen. he's acquiring the founda-
TONS" responded the drill sergeant.
"He had not been in camp a day be-
fore he was putting up a howl about
the food"