davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23
Little Things in Railroading

From Leslie's.
 It is the little things in railroading, as in every other business, that makes profit or loss. Who would think of the stopping and starting of trains as being an important item of expense to a railroad? President Willard of the Baltimore and Ohio has figured that it costs an average af $1 50 to stop pas senger train. When the air brakes are applied extra coal is needed to gener- ate steam which congresses the air. The car wheels, the brake shoes and the rails-all feel wear and tear in stopping. In getting under headway after stop there is unusual expen- diture of steam again, and more wear and tear on the equipment. On a train with IT stops it would require 30 through passengers to pay the cost of starting and stopping the train.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23
NEGRO MIGRATION
 WORRYING NORTH.
Heavy Tax on Charity Be cause of Inability to With
 stand Cold Weather

Northern cities are considering measures to prevent southern negroes from locating there. Morris w. Bush, who has. recently returned from Gin cinnati and other northern points, states that the situation is very se- rious, inasmuch as the hospitals are being taxed to accommodate the ne groes who have contracted pneumonia and the burden upon charitable asso- citations is becoming heavier daily.
 The northern people are trying to devise some way in which to keep the negroes from the south coming north" MT. Bush said "The hospitals there are crowded with unfortunate negroes who were unable to stand the frigid weather and have contracted pneumonia In Cincinnati the director of charities issued a statement in which he said that some form of legis- lation ought to be adopted to pre- vent the excessive influx.
 Not only at Cincinnati are the peo- pie aroused against the negroes, but at Pittsburg and Chicago. It is nat ural fact that the colored people, who are not accustomed to cold weather, find it hard to acclimate themselves to the conditions there and are ready subjects to lung troubles.
 "The exodus is seriously felt at the coal mines in Alabama. The labor agents, who have induced hundreds of negroes to go to West Virginia and Kentucky, have been very shrewd. They have found out the names of the most reliable and best producing negro miners and have induced them to leave To replace them, the Ala bama coal operators have been forced to accept negroes, untrained and green, from the fields of south Alabama. As 8 result of this situation the mines, employing the same number of men, are not producing two-thirds as large "a tonnage as formerly.
 VI The exodus has not stopped. The snegroes are continually going north, where they understand better condi- tions, socially and econimically, await them. They are mistaken in this sup position, but there seems to be no way in which to check the movement"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23

teeing the performance of peace upon such terms as I have named, speak with the greatest boldness and confidence, because 1t Is clear to every man who can think, that there is in this promise no breach in either our traditions, or our policy as a nation, but a fulfillment rather of all that we have professed or striven for.
 T am proposing. as 1t were that the nations should, with one accord. adopt the doctrine of President Monroe as the doctrine of the world: That no nation should seek to extend its policy over any other nation or people. but that every people should be left free to determine it's own polity. It's own way of develop ment, unhindered. unthreatened, unafraid the little along with the great and pow erful.
 NOT FORCING DOCTRINE 1 T am proposing that all nations hence 1 forth avoid entangllng alliances which would draw them into competitions of
 power. catch them in net of intrigues. and selfish rivalry, and disturb their own affairs with influences ntruded from without. There is no entangling alliance in a concert of power. When all unite to act in the same sense and with the same purpose, all act in the common interest
 and are free to live their own lives under
 a common protection.
 "I am proposing government by the consent of the governed that freedom | of the seas which in international con | ference after conference representatives
 of the United States have urged with the elcquenee of those who are the convinced disciples of liberty, and that moderation
 of armaments which makes of armies and navies power for order merely not an instrument of aggression or of selfish violence.
 These are American principles Amer l ican policies. We can stand for nc
 others And they are also the principles
 and policies Of forward looking men and
 women everywhere, of every nation. ot every modern enlightened community They are the principles of mankind and
 must prevail"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23
CcontInued from Page one,

(COntinued from Page Oneb this To add their authority and theiI power to the authority and force oi other nations to guarantee peace and justice throughout the world. Such g settlement cannot now be long post poned. It is right before it comes this government should frankly formulate justified in asking our people to ap prove it's formal and solemn adherence to league for peace.
 STATE CONDITIONS
 q am here to attempt to state those conditions. The present war first must be ended, because we owe 1t to candour and to just re- gard for the opinion of mankind to say that. so far our par ticipatfon in guarantees of future peace is concerned. it makes great deal of difference in what way and upon what terms 1t is ended. The treaties and agree ments which bring it to an end must embOdy terms which will create peace that is worth guar anteeing and preserving, a peace that will win the approval of mankind, not merely peace that < will serve the several interests and immediate aims of the nations engaged. We shall have no voice in determining what those terms shall he. but we shall, l feel sure. have voice in determining whether they shall be made last ing or not by the guarantees of n universal covenant, and our judE- ment upon what is fundamental and essential as condition pre- cedent to permanency should be it may be too late.
 MUST INCLUDE AMERICA
 No covenant of cooperative peac, that does not include the peoples O the new world can suffice to keep tn, future safe against. war; and yet there is only one sort of peace that the peo ples of Amerca could join in guaran teeing. The elements of that peac, must be clements that engage the con fidence and satisfy the principles of th' American governments, elements con sistent with their political faith anC the practical convictions which th' peoples of America have once for al embraced and undertaken to defend.
 MUST HAVE GUARANTEE
 q do not mean to say that any American government would throw any obstacle in the way of any terms of peace the govern ments now at war might agree upon, or seek to upset them when made, whatever they might be. I only take it for granted that mere terms of peace between the bel Iigerents will not satisfy even the belIigerents themselves. Mere agreements may not make peace secure. It will be absolutely nee essary that force be created as guarantOr of the permanency of the settlement so much greater than the force of any nation now engaged or any alliance hitherto formed or projected. that no na-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23

the peoples of the world without
 them. The free, constant. un-
 threatened intercourse of nations
 is an essential part of the process
 of peace and of development. It
 need not be difficult tO define or
 to secure the freedom of the seas
 if the governments of the world
 sincerely desire to come to m
 agreement concerning it.
 Tt Is a problem closely connected with the limitation of naval armament and the cooperation of the navies of the world in keeping the seas at once free and safe. And the question of limiting naval armaments opens the wider and perhaps more difficult question of the limitation of armies and of all pro- grammes of military preparation.
 CANDOR MUST PREVAIL
 Difficult and delicate as these ques- tions are they must be faced with the utmost candor and decided in a spirit of real accommodation if peace is to come with healing in its wings, and come to stay. Peace cannot be had without con- cession and sacrifice. There can be no sense of safety and equality among the nations if great preponderating arma- ments are henceforth to continue and here and there to be built up and main tained. The statesmen of the world must plan for peace and nations must adjust and accommodate their policy to it as they have planned for war and made ready for pitiless contest and rivalry. The question of armaments. whether on land or sea, is the most immediately and intensely practical question con nected with the future fortunes of nations and of mankind.
 SPEAKS WITHOUT RESERVE
 "I have spoken upon these great
 matters without reserve and with
 the utmost expiicitness because 1t
 has seemed to me to he necessary
 if the worlds .yearning desire for
 peace was anywhere to find free
 voice and utterance. Perhaps I am
 the only person In high author
 ity amongst all the peoples of
 the world who is at liberty to
 speak and hold nothing back.
 am speaking individual and
 yet I am speaking also, of course.
 the responsible head of a great
 government, and l feel confident
 that I have said what the people
 of the United States would wish
 me to say.
 May I not add that I hope and be- leve that I am in effect speaking for liberals and friends of humanity in every nation, and of every programme of lib erty? l would fain believe that I am speaking for the silent mass of mankind everywhere who have as yet had no place or opportunity to speak their real hearts out concerning the death and ruin they see to have come already upon the persons and the homes they hold most dear
 And. in holding out the expectation that the people and government of the United States will join the other civil ized nations of the world in guaran-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23

before in history. Our treaties, where revenue is concerned. have to be ap- proved by Congress. That is. they de- pend on public opinion. Now. who has
 ever met a real live public opinion on
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23

a complex commercial treaty?
 And these are only a few of the things we may have to worry about, all because real peace in Europe seems farther away than ever"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23
TEXT OF PRESIDENTS
 SPEECH TO SENATE

ton, no probable combination of
 nations could face or withstand
 1t. If the peace presently to he
 made is to endure, it must be
 peace made secure by the organ
 fzed major force of mankind.
 The terms of the immediate peace agreed upon will determine whether it is a peace for which such a guarantee can be secured. The question upon which the whole future peace and policy of the world depends is this:
 THE REAL QUESTION
 "Is the present war struggle for a just and secure peace? Or only for a new balance of power? If it be only struggle for new balance of power who will guarantee; who can guarantee the stable equilibrium of the new arrangement? Only a tranquil Europe can be a stable Europe There must be not a balance of power, but a community of power; not organized rivalries, but an organized common peace
 Fortunately, we have received very explicit assurances on this point The statesmen of the groups of belligerent nations now arraigned against one an- other have both said in terms that could not be misnterpreted that it was no part of the purpose they had in mind to tluSH liielI duedSOulSlS. buI the llnpH- cations of these assurances may not be equally clear to all; may not be the same on both sides of the water I think it will be serviceable if l attempt to set forth what We understand them to be.
 PEACE WITHOUT VICTORY
 "They imply, first of all, that 1t
 must be peace without victory.
 It is not pleasant to say this. |
 
 my own interpretation upon it and
 that 1t may be understood that no
 other interpretation was in my
 thought. I ann seeking only to face
 realities. and to face them with
 out soft conceaIments Victory
 would mean peace forced upon the
 loser. a victOr's terms imposed
 upon the vanquished. It would be
 accepted in Humiliation, under
 duress, at an intoIerabIe sacrifice,
 and would leave sting. re-
 sentiment, a bitter memory upon
 which terms of peace would rest
 not permanently but only as upon
 quicksand. Only a peace between
 equals can last. Only peace the
 very principle of which is equal
 ity and common participation in
 common benefit. The right state
 of mind, the right feeling between
 nations. Is as necessary for a last
 ing peace as is the just settlement
 of vcxed questions of territory or
 or racial and national allegiance.
 The equality of nations upon which peace must be founded if it is to last must be an equality of rights; the guar antees exchanged must neither recognize nor imply difference between big na- tons and small; between those that are powerful and those that are weak Right must be based upon the common strength not upon the individual strength of the nations upon whose concert peace will de- pend. Equality of territory or of re- sources there, of course, cannot be; nor can any other sort of equality not gained in the ordinary peaceful and legitimate development of the peoples themselves But no one asks or expects anything more than an equality of rights. Man kind is looking now for freedom of life not for equipoises of power
 PEOPLE MUST RULE
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23
SEA MUST BE FREE

"And the paths of the sea must alike in law and in fact be free. The freedom of the seas Is the sine quo non of peace, equality and cO-operatiOn. No doubt somewhat radical reconsideration of many of the rules of international prac- tice hitherto sought to be estab- lished may be necessary in order Q to make the seas free. in deed, and common in all practical purposes for the uses of mankind, hut the motive for such changes is con- yincing and compelling. There can he no trust or intimacy between
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23

l have ten fingers and ten toes. 1 can count that much, but 1 just can't count all my good friends down South here they are far too many.
 And I'm mighty proud of them. The men who make me, say you can tell real quality by the com pany one keeps.
 Blood will tell. A good name and good breeding count most of all.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1917-01-23
MUST ASSUME OUTLET

So far as practicable, moreover, every great people now struggling toward a full development of it's resources and of its powers should be assured direct out let to the great highways of the seas. Where this cannot be done by the ces- sion of territory, it can no doubt be done by the naturalization of direct rights-of-way under the general guaran- tee which will assure the peace itself. With right comity of arrangement no ma tion need be shut away from free ac- cess to the open paths of the worlds
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

was better than my company, and,
take It by and larke, guess they Wa
right. for the present anyhow. / set
up till 8 o'clock thinNn' It over, and
then decided to get out afore break
fast this mornin'. didn't wait for
any goodbys. They'd been said, or al
/ cared to hear Captain Elisha's
smile disappeared for an instant-"last
evenin'. The dose was sort Of bitter.
but 1t had the necessary effect. At
any rate, didn't banker for another
one. remembered what your land
lady told me when was here afore,
about this stateroom bein' vacated. and
come down to look at 1t. 1t suits roc
well enough. Seems like q decent
moorin's for an old salt water derellct
like me. The price is reasonable. and
guess likely I'll take It. guess
will"
t"why do you guess7 By George, 1
hope you willv'
do you? I'm much obliged. I
didn't know but after last night, after
the scrape got you into, you might
eeel-well. sort Of AZ II you'd seen
enough Of me-"
The young man smiled bitterly. 1T
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

Then you're leaving your nephew
and niece dosGn't mean that you've
given up tho guardianshipT
Captain Elisha's Jaw set squarely.
81 don't remember sayin' that It did"
he answered. with decision. Then. his
good nature returning. he added: well.
Jim. there's just one thing more. Have
I disgraced you = good deal bein'
around with you and chummin' In with
you the way have3 That In, do you
think I'VE disgraced your Are you
ashamed Of me?"
at Ashamed of,you1 You're jok-
ingi''
''No I'm serious. Understand now,
I'm not apologizin'. My ways are my
ways, and I think they're just a. good
as the next feller's, whether he's from
South Denboro orwell, Broad street.
rye got habit Of thinkin' for myself
and actin for myself. and when take
OF my hat it's to q bigger man than
am and not to moro stylish hat.
But since I've lived here In New York
rye learned that, with whole lot OF
folks, hats themselves count more than
what's underneath 'em. haven't
changed mine. and amt goin' to.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

wasn't your fault" he said. 1t WAS
mine entirely. I'm quite old enough
to decide matters for myself, and l
should have decided a. my reason and
not my inclinations told me. You
weren't to blame"
eyes, l was. II you're old enough
TIM too old, / carlate. But I did think
-howevsr. there's no use goin' ever
that. don't want you to think tAat
I've hove overheard that responsible
~ was 20 easy and fresh about tax
in on my shoulders. It's there yet,
and Ill SEQ you squared with Caroline
afore this wage is over II live"
His friend frowned.
"You needn't mind" he said. IT pro.
fer that you drop the whole miserable
business"
"Well. maybe. But, Jim. you've TAX
en- hold Of these electric batteries that
doctors have sometimes7 It's awful
easy to grab the handles Of one Of
those contraptions, but when you want
to drop 'em you can't. They don't
drop easy. I took hold Of the handles
Of Bites affairs, and though 1t might b.
pleasanter to drop en- l cantor l
won't"
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

Now. with that plain ana undsrstood
% you want me 70 nve herr = The
zane house with youf aint nshin'
tor compliments. ! want an honest
answer"
He got II. Pesrson hooked him square.
" In the eye.
n do" he said. II mo ycu, and !
don't care blank about Jour lat -
that plainr'
Captain Elisha's reply was dslivsssd
over the baluste1 In the hall.
.Hir' he called. "Hi, Mrs. Hspton.
The landlady had been anxiousiy
waiting She ran from the dining
room to the foot Of the stairs.
"Yesw she cried. what u TT
cts a bargain" said the captain
I'm ready to engage passage.
(To Be Continued.)
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31
--------- -
FARMING

is the business today that is getting
the money. The man who owns land
is the one who Is getting the best of 1t.
Farm renters farm hands and wage
earners get into this class yourself. I
have lands in Michigan adapted for
general farming. stock. dairying. poul-
try, vegetables and fruit, near lakes
and streams, good roads. towns, schools
and markets. A few hours ride from
Chicago. Prices SIS to $35 per acre.
Small or large tracts. Terms on when
anyone can buy. Ask about them and
write for my free literature. Cheap ex-
cursions to the lands twice month
George w. Swigart, Owner. Plies. First
National Bank Bldg. Chicago, Ill.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

For SaIe-Snap. 100 acres located In
Freedom county. Minnesota, near state
line and one-half mile to country store
creamery and school house. iand all
gently sloping, deep black soil. no
stone, no gravel. no quack grass, near
ly all in cultivation, all fenced. has ex-
ira large new modern buildings worth
$4,000, four miles to small railroad
town of 400 population with good high
school and churches. This Is the best
100 acres in county. 1t Is perfect. price
$135 per acre, $500 down. $500 March
/. 1918, balance eight years per cent
Have big list Of small farms, terms 10
suit. Agents wanted. No trade. LOWS
FedEe, Albert Lea, MINI.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

Gated permanent mornings somewhere
else'' would notify his niece and neph.
ew Of his Whereabouts:
For. a. told you. although ! shall not
impose my company on you. an ysa at
guardian sss oo,n ~ - yor rs.uisr. IN.
Guiding enough Tor Ill housshold lbills ana
pay for the hired help. and 70 on. 4 you
need any extras e any .i ,ss ,es M s nrons.
1ha n, y . ..nd mo, money for them. You WIN
( st.y where you are, Caroline and stsvis
must 90 back to colls.e r,snt awsy .s he,i
MIN sey -: 1 hao .,,o :" .ecord,nr 40
: wrote him. He WIN understand what
mean. And. Caroline. want you ana a
stevie 70 feel tnas an nm, y out = I tirh ~
N.Y., wnW :, vo,, .xar tdo. You can depend on
me. last nights talk has no bearing on
that whatsvsr. GoOdny; then; q ppHH my
next h
Stephen read TINS screeo = -. ., en1'
then crumpled 1t IN MS nSt anu tnreW
It angEhy on the MOOR u.
The nerver no exclaimed ne
seems to think I'm Z salor 9n one y
his ships, TO b ordered srouna :. -
sees At III 60 back 70 college wnen
! Tn good ana READY nos De1ol t.. =,
ts Caroline snook neg ne1u. - ~ ~
she aid -You must 60 to-day. hes +
right stsve; it, the tnins lor yeu g
IL - Il.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31
CHAPTER XII.
A Surprise For Pearson.

CTEPHEN, the "man Of the family =
= was the only member of the
household, servants excepted,
who slept soundly that night. Con-
scious Of having done his duty In the
affair with Pearson and his guardian
and somewhat fatigued by the dis
agreeable task Of soothing his hyster-
zeal sister, he was slumbering peace
fully at 8 the next morning when
awakened by q series Of raps on his
bedroom door.
"Ah! What7 Well, what IL itT' he
demanded, testify opening bis eyes
Edwards, II that you? What the devil
do you mean by making such row."
The voice which answered was not
the buffers. but Caroline's.
"Steve! Oh, Stevep' she cried. do
get up and come out! Come, quick!
Something has happened"
"Happened7 What is it?''
II can't tell you here. Please dress
and come to me as quick as yop can"
Stephen found his sister standing BY
the library window. letter in her
hand. She looked troubled and anx-
ious.
ooh, steve" she exclaimed, hes
gomez
.Gone? Whor'
captain Warren. He's gone"
.Gone? Gone where7 Caro-, you don't
mean he's-deadT
.'No; he's gone gone and left uA"
Her brothers expression changed 70
incredulous Joy.
'sWhat7' he shouted. You mean he's
quit, cleared out, left here for good7'
yes"
.Hurrah! Excuse me while ! gloati
Hurrah! We got 1t through bis skull
1t lastl II Il possible7 But-but hold
onl Perhaps it's too good to be true.
Are you sure7 How do you knowT
~He says 20. See"
She handed him the letter. It was
addressed to my Dear Caroline" and
in It Captain Elisha stated bis inten-
lions succinctly. After the plain speak
ing OF the previous evening he should
not, Of course, burden them with his
society any longer. He was leaving
that morning, and as soon as he 10
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES.

Government war position open. Cler-
ical work. Men and women wanted.
500 month. List free. Franklin In
stitute, department 113 G, Rochester.
N. Y.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

The Hebrew word that has been
translated as glass occurs only IN
Job xviii. II, where. in the authorized
version, 1t Ia rendered crystal.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31

For SaIe--M odern eight-room house.
full sized lot, we'll located: also hve-
room house, corner lot 90X1S0, room for
three more houses. These properties
are priced to sell; act quick II you
want them Call evenings. E. A. Hill.
500 North First street.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1917-07-31
Classified Advertisements

down. $4,000 Marc CHI 1, 1913, balance hVe
years or more at 8 per cent. Write
owner, rIrics Z. Nordin, Bird Island
Mimi, route ,.