Evening star., 1917-03-18
PAN -GERMANISM AND ITS ORIGIN,

A dispatch. dated London the 10th in
slant. announced that Count Won Bern
storff, former German
Welcome IN ambassador at Wash
ington, arrived at Chris
oe1AStoiA. tiania on the steamer
Frederik VIII. The correspondent adds:
The German national anthem was
sung by the assemblage at the pier. and
the Germans boarded the ship singing
Deutschland Ueber Alles"
This manifestation of German policy
on foreign soil permits a cold statement
of facts concerning pan-Germanism
and its origin of which all pan-Ger-
mans are proud.
Cotemporary writers agree that 1t
was Edgar Quinet, French poet, phi
losopher and historian, one of the
greatest political partisans of liberty
of the 18th century. who first signalized
the sort of mental malady which he
termed "teutomania," which since 1912
or thereabouts has apparently confided
its destinies to Prussia. After Sadowa,
in 1867, Quinet wrote in France and
in course of being substituted for the
Latin Catholic era of peoples"
Since Sadowa in effect German VIC
tories. accentuated by those of 1870,
have created in universities, schools
and manuals a spirit of domination. not
only of domination of the world. but OF
regeneration OF the world. In manual
of geography published in Berlin in
1876 there may be found the following
significant lines: Germany is really
the heart of Europe, and as in the hu-
man organism, the heart has for func-
ton to cause to circulate through the
body blood that renews the languish- =
ing parts, Germany has for mission in
history to revive by the diffusion of
German blood the weakened members
OF old Europe"
Such extravagant pretensions created
a school of people elected by God.
| chosen" as in the time of the Jews.
and led to the idea of conquest. Prussia
had the means of passing from the
| pacific state to the military, and it
fell to the lot of Prussia to discipline
the forces Of state indicated already
by the iron rule. namely: Force
suppresses the right"
NJ. Andre Cheradame has made re-
markable studies of this subject. dat
ing from 1894, when
Won Goetzen's in the course of his
studies. which he has
AASuASeioA. entitled THE Pan-Ger-
manistic Plan Unveiled he recited
that in 1898 the German Rear Admiral
Won Goetzen. intimate friend of Will
liam II, being at Manila. said to Ad-
miral Dewey, who had destroyed the
Spanish fleet: "In about fifteen years
my country will commence its great
war Two months later We will be
ha an11 "a
commencement
This plan was rlanifestly not definite.
but events that followed complete the
plan. There was. for example. the
"Fashoda affair" which seemed to hope
lessly divide France and England; the
military weakening of Russia as the
result Of her war VIII with Japan zap uore tne
zegovina by Austria-Hungary, annex,
alton which Russia had permitted
to maintain the peace; the action at
Agadfr, which resulted in the cession
part of the French Kongo-al these
successive events were in the eyes OF
the government of Berlin so many
proofs of the weakness OF the two ao-
versares which seemed the most 70
be feared-France and Russia. Ger,
many's plans of 1895 were in 19ll
worked over and enlarged.
The new plan consisted in the estab-
lishment under the direction or GER
many of a vast confederation of cen
trail Europe, in which should be
merged: On the west, Holland, German
Switzerland. Luxembourg, Belgium, the
French departments of the north from
Belfort to the mouth or the SoHme'
to the east. Russian Poland and the Rus
sian provinces of the Baltic: TO the
southeast, Austria-Hungary. The pro
gram comprised, besides the subordina-
ton to Germany of the Balkanic states
an1t
military capital of Turkey. Egypt, Ar
menia and Persia. The destruction OF
Serbia was one of the projects of the
German government since the anneXa-
ton of Bosnia and Herzegovina by
Austria.
If little was said of the last plan 1t
was a subject of current conversation
at the court of Berlin. Miss
Koieer,e Edith Keen, an English lady
attached to the service of
mdpS. the Princess Frederic Leo
pold of Prussia. sister of the Empress
of Germany, having occa sion to enter
the study of the emperor, noticed
number of maps suspended on the
wall, one paFticularly-a map of the
world almost entirely black. Subse-
auently Miss Keen was informed by an
imperial functionary that all the black
ened parts of the map world signified
that these parts were destined to pass
under German domination. The Ger
man emperor explained this at times
to his personal friends. Deutschland
ueber allies" The extraordinary credits
voted in 1911. 1912 and 1913 give some
idea of the immense preparations for
war materials, etc, but no one believed
that war was possible. Socialists in
France and elsewhere, were they not
they were for peace. The kaiser HIM
self had publicly announced himself
for peace So much was this so that
in France there were those who ex-
pressed the desire that the Nobel peace
price should be conferred on the kaiser.
The law of three years military
service" was the only measure which
saved France from absolute ruin. be-
cause totally unprepared for war, it
meant the successful invasion and
subjugation by an enemy absolutely
prepared. The president of the coun-
ell NJ. BarLhou. to his eternal honor,
stood firm and implacable for the
maintenance of the .three-year class"
which rendered possible the defense of
France and the victory on the Marine.
The 1st of August, 1914. the kaiser
declared war against Russia, the Sd
against France. The German armies
occupied Luxembourg, and. despite con-
ventions which guaranteed Belgian
neutrality, German armies marched
rapidly against Paris. The dominating
idea was to crush France by a light
ninglike attack and then turn against