davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27

Sliced Beets In Tray, Ready for Drying.
move surface moisture and dry from
three to three and one-half hours az
same temperature as string beans.
Peppers.
(a) Peppers may be dried by split
ting on one side, removing seed, dry
ing in the air, and finishing the dry
ing In the drier at 40 degrees Fahren-
heit. A more satisfactory method 10
to place peppers in biscuit pan in oven
and heat until skin blisters, or to
steam peppers until skin softens, peel.
split In half, take out seed, and dry
at 10 degrees to 40 degrees Fahren-
belt. In drying thick-heshed peppers
like the pimento, do not increase heas
too quickly, but dry slowly and even
~.
(b) Small varieties Of red peppers
may be spread in the sun Until wtlted
and the drying finished in the drier,
or they may be dried entirely In tbs
sun.
(c) Peppers often are dried whole
II they are large they can be strung
on stout thread; II small, the wnols
plant can be hung up to dry.
Spinach and Parsley.
Spinach that is in prime conoiuon
of greens should be prepared by care
full washing and removing the leaves
from the roots. Spread the leaves on
trays to dry thoroughly. Shcing WY
greatly facilitate drying.
Parsley should be treated
same way as spinach. ~'
Herbs
Celery tops, parsley, mint, sag a.
herbs of all kinds need noS1d
blenched, but should be washed W
and dried In the sun or In the oriel
These are good for favoring soups
nurees. gravies, omelets, etc.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27
To Dry c~auIlNower.

Clean. divide in small buncnes'
blsnch six minutes. and dry two to
three hours at 10 degrees to 145 de-
Orees Fahrenheit. Caulihower Will
furn very dark when drying, but VIII
regain part of the color in soaking and
cooking. Dried c~aullhower is especial
ly good in soups and Omelets.
Brussels sprouts may be andle IN
a similar way, but add a pinch OF soda
to the b~lanching water.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27
DRYING IN THE sun
Have All Fruits and Vegetables
Properly Prepared.
SIMPLE APPARATUSFOR WORK
Bright, Hot Sunny Days Are Best, and
Close Watch Should Be Kept That
Rain or Dew Does Not Hit
Product-Avoid Insects.
Rrom FARMERS BULLETIN Sal, United
States Department Of Agriculture)

From FARMERS BULLETIN s4l, United
States Department of Agrtculture)
The drying of fruits and vegetables
in the sun is a simple process If they
have peer prepared properly. In Its
simplest form such drying consists In
spreading the freshly prepared slices
or pieces on sheets of paper, or, II
there is danger of the products stick
ing, spreading on old pieces of muslin
held down with stones. Bright, hot,
sunny days are chosen for this work.
and q close watch is kept to see mat
no rain or dew vets the product. II
flies and other insects are abundant, a
mosquito bar Is thrown over the prod
uct. Once or twice a day the slices
are stirred or turned over with the
hand and the thin ones which dry first
are taken out. Sun drying has much to
recommend 1t, since 1t requires no ex-
penditure of fuel and there is little
danger of the product becoming over
heated. Dust, however, gathers on the
product, and. unless 1t Is protected
carefully, files, and especially certain
insects which habitually attack dried
fruits, will lay their eggs upon It,
These z g later will hatch out, and
the worms, or larvae. will riddle the
dried fruits or vegetables, rendering
them unfit for the table.
Trays Of Uniform Size.
Fruits and vegetables, when dried In
the sun, generally are spread on large
trays Of uniform size, so constructed
that they can be stacked n on tor
} Of the other and protected from rair
by means of a cover made Of oilcloth
canvas or roofing paper.
A very cheap tray can be made o.
strips Of lumber three-fourths of ar
t inch thick and two inches wide, which
3 form the sides and ends, and lath
which is nailed on to form the bottom
Spaces one-eighth inch wide should b.
left between the laths for ventilation
and the traps can be raised Off tn
ground by placing them on poles or a.
n i~mprovised trestle. As laths are fou
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27
METHODSOFD DRYING
Three Ways Applicable In Making
Dried Products.
SHRED OR CUT into SLICES
When Artificial Heat Is to Be Used,
Freshly Cut Fruits and Vegeta-
bles Should Be Exposed First
to Gentle Heat.

From FARMERS BULLETIN Sal. United
States Department OF Agricultural
Three main ways Of drying are ap-
plicable in the home manufacture Of
dried fruits and vegetables, namely,
sun drying, drying by artificial heat,
and drying by air blast. These, Of
course, may be combined. In general,
most fruits or vegetables, to be dried
quickly, must first be shredded or cut
into slices, because many are too large
to dry quickly or are covered with a
skin, the purpose Of which Is to pre-
vent drying out. When freshly cut
fruits or vegetables are to be dried by
means Of artificial heat, they should
be exposed first to gentle heat and
later to the higher temperatures. II
the air applied at the outset is Of toe
high a temperature, the cut surfaces
Of the sliced fruits or vegetables be
come hard. or scorched, covering the
Juicy interior so that II will not dr.
out. Generally It is not desirable tina
the air temperature In drying should
go above 40 degrees to $50 degrees
Fahrenheit, and it is better to keep 1
well below this point. Insects and In
sect eggs are killed by exposure t
heat Of this temperature.
Degree Of Heat
1t is important to know the degre
of heat in the drier, and this canno
be determined very accurately exceI
by using a thermometer. Inexpensiv
oven thermometers can be found o
the market, or an ordinary chemici
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27

In the preparation Of large quanti-
ties Of potatoes a peeler may be util-
lied. The potatoes are thrown by CEN
trifugal force against a rough surface
which, under streams Of water provid-
ed by the perforated tin cOntainer
above, hicks off the outer skin and
leaves only the eyes to be dug out.
B%lanching Of vegetables is consid-
cred desirable by some hOusekeepers,
although 1t is not strictly essential to
successful drying. 1t Is claimed that
the blanch gives a more thorough
cleaning, removes the strong odOr and
flavor from certain kinds Of vegeta-
bles, and softens and lOOsens the fiber.
This allows the moisture In the vege-
table to evapOrate more quickly and
uniformly. 1t also quickly c%Oagulates
the albuminOus matter In the vegeta-
bles, which helps to hold In the natural
havors. Blanching consists of plung-
ing the vegetable into boiling water for
a short time. Use a wire basket or
cheesecloth bag for this. After blanch-
Ing the required number of minutes,
drain well and remOv surface mois-
tuPe from vegetables by placing be-
tween two towels or by exposing to
the sun and air for a short time.
Preparing Food for Drier.
In large factories the vegetables are
put through special shredders and
slicers not adapted for home use,
but convenient and inexpensive ma.
chimes which can be used to great ad
vantage are on the market. The mea'
grinder with its special disks can b.
used in certain cases the commo
kraut slicer will cut large vegetables
l into thin slices, such as potatoes ant
, cabbage; and the rotary hand slicer l
, ADAPTED for use on a very wide rang
1 of material. A large sharp kitcnei
knife may be used when a handle
l cutting device is not available. Car
3 should be taken that the material !
: sliced thin enough but not too thir
!. From an eighth to a quarter OF a
y inch is a fair thickness for most
L the common vegetables to be slice
and dried. Very small slices or striI
dry more quickly because they expos
d a greater surface to the air than q
larger cut pieces. But If cut too III
d they are more difficult to handle
II drying, appear to lose somewhat
= flavor, and cannot be used so adva
, ~tageously to make dishes like tho'
u nrepared from the fresh foods.
- The slicing machines are not su'
able for children's use, for they W
cut fingers as mercilessly as they
es vegetables and fruits, and even adul
Re should exercise great caution In the
e use in the home.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27

Drying Fruits and Vegetables on
Homemade Racks by Forcing Air
at Room Temperature Across Them.
and the other on a leg reaching to the
floor. 1t also may be supported over
a lamp.
Use Of Electric Fam
The use OF an electric FAM in facin-
tating drying is feasible for those who
already own a fan. 1t has been found
that many sliced vegetables and fruits
placed in long trays three by one foot
and stacked In two tiers, end to end
before an electric fan can be dried to
the requisite dryness within twenty
four hours. Some require much less
time. For instance, sliced string beans
and shredded sweet potatoes will dry
before a fan running at a moderate
speed within a few hours. In many
cities the electric fan will cost not
more than one-fourth of a cent an hour
to run. The fan should be placed close
10 the stack Of trays, and they should
not be filed so full that the air cannot
pass freely through them. The fan
method has a marked advantage in
that the product keeps cool owing to
evaporation while It is being dried,
thus tending to retain the color and
eliminate spOilage.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27

4NAHACi WV W
thermometer can be suspended In the
drier. II a thermometer is not used.
the greatest care should be given to
the regulation Of the heat. The tenn
perature in the drier rises rather
quickly and the product may scorch
unless close attention is given. Tbs
reason sun drying is popularity be-
lieved to give fruits and vegetables
a sweeter flavor lies probably In the
fact hat in the sun they never are
scorched, whereas in the oven or over
a stove scorching is likely to occur
unless careful attention is given them.
Drying of certain products can be
completed In some driers within W
or three hours. The time required for
drying vegetables varies. However, 1t
can be determined easily by a little
experience on the part Of the person
doing the drying. The material should
be stirred or turned several times dur
ing the drying in order to secure a
Uniform product. VI
The ability to Judge accurately az
to when fruit has reached the proper
condition for removal from drier can
be gained only by experience. When
sufficiently dried it should be so dry
that It is impossible to press water
out Of the freshly cut ends of th'
pieces, and will not show any Of thu
natural grain OF the fruit on beinl
broken, and yet not so dry that 1t vii
snap or crackle. 1t should be leather!
and pliable.
Evaporation Of Moisture.
When freshly cut fruits or vege
tables are spread out they immediate
" begin to evaporate moisture Int
the air around them, and if in a closei
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27

From FARMERS BULLETIN s4l. United
States Department OF AgricultureD
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27

box will very Don saturate the air
with moisture. This will slow down
the rate Of drying and lead to the
formation of molds. II a current OF
dry air is blown over them continual
". the water in them will eyaporate
steadily until they are dry and crisp.
Certain products, especially raspber-
ries, should not be dried hard, because
II TOO much moisture is removed from
them they will not resume their orig
inal form when soaked in water. On
the other hand. the material must be
dried sufficiently or it will not keep
but will mold. Too great stress can
not be laid upon this point. This 3oe;
-uean that the product must b
scOrchQ6 bu+ Simply tlle u
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-07-27
Good Packing and Storing.

Although not necessary, tin can OF
glass lars make good receptacles for
storage of dried fruits or vegetables.
Pasteboard boxes with tight covers!
stout paper bags, and patented parahn
naner cartons also afford ample pro-
tection for dried products when pro-
footed from insects and rodents. The
dr,ed fruit or vegetables must be pro-
footed from the outside moisture inc
viii keen best in a cool, dry, well-ven-
tilated place. These conditions now
ever. are difficult to obtain in the more
humid regions, and there moisture
fight containers should be used.
If a small amount Of dried product
,s mt in each receptacle, Just enough
Cor one or two meals, it will not be
necessary to open a container the con
tents of which cannot be consumed IN
q short time. The use of the small
conteiner also makes it more difficult
for insects to spoil large quantities oil
dried fruits or vegetables. II a paper
bag is used, the upper part should DC
twisted into a neck, bent over n tee
" f1QnTlV Wllu Il cAAAA6F
preeaution against spoilage Is neces
sary the bag can be coated with par
ann nv painting 1t with a brush which
has been dipped into melted parafin
Another precaution may be taken b.
placing the small bags in a tin con
tainer with a tightly fitting cover sue
as an ordinary lard can or pail. A
bags should bear a label indicaun
what they contain.
If fruits or vegetables are paesAee 1
fight containers Immediately upon o.
ing dried thoroughly. they will RENAL
lust as brittle as they were when II
ken from the drier. II, however, the
are not dried thoroughly. they wi
sweat" and o mold. To prever
. this the material should be examine
5 within "a hours after packing. and
r II appears moist It must be drie
D further.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Legislative Matters

Phoenix, Ariz., Feb. 20. The
senate made progress with the
house anti-cigarette bill, which
forbids the sale of cigarettes or
tobacco in any form to boys un-
der the age of 21. An amend
ment making it an offense for
one under that age to purchase
was adopted on second reading.
H. B. 167-By Mr.. Flake of
Navajo, amending the constitu-
ton. porviding that Boards of
Supervisors and superior judges
act as boards Of pardon and pa
roles for offenses in the several
counties.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
PerShing Is Successor

Major General Pershing, who
has been in command of the Ell
Paso district since the with
drawal of the American expedi-
ton, automatically will succeed
to the duties of the commander
of the southern department until
an appointment has been made.
Recently made major general,
he is the only officer of chat rank
now assigned to the department.
AS immediate successor to the
command. General Pershing
will have charge of the many
details of the movement of the
remaining units of the national
guard, ordered home from the
border last Saturday. 1t is ex-
pected that this movement, plans
for which were worked out by
General Funston as virtually his
last military duty, will go for
ward without interruption.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23

Huldah, the ten year old
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. John
F. Lundquist, was born July 13,
1907, and died Feb. 19, 1917,
after several days illness of a
complication of causes.
The funeral was held Wednes-
day and burial at Snowflake
cemetery, Bishop w. H. Shum-
way officiating.
The End and 4th grades of the
public school attended and sang
the, favorite song of the little
girl, Dear to the Heart of the
Shepherd"
1t is a sad duty to chronicle
the death of anyone, and when
we are called upon to note the
departure Of young and tender
life we are deeply grieved.
The family and loved ones
have our sympathy.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
From The Children
Provo, Utah, Feb. II, 1917.
Editor of Snowflake Herald,

Provo, Utah, Feb. II, 1917.
Editor of Snowflake Herald,
Snowflake, Arizona.
The readers of the Herald may
he pleased to hear that some of
their number are still alive.
From Navajo county there are
about Is young people attending
school at the B. Y. u. in Provo,
Utah.
Silas L. Fish, former Bishop
of Snowflake, is now being rec
ognized as one of the great
educators Of his time. His home
is the headquarters for most Of
the young people of Snowflake
at times Of any visitors.
After the great basket ball
contest between the u. of u.
and the B. Y. u, in which the
B. Y. u. won, Miss Cora Willis
entertained about 80 of the Ari-
zona sports. The evening was
spent in playing games and
listening to some of Riley's
humor. The greatest feature of
the evening was the lunch which
everyone enjoyed.
1t would take more space than
could be allowed in the paper to
tell of the great work which is
being done by Don Flake, Rex
Shumway, George Tanner, Frantz
Westover and Silas Decker.
Just remember their names and
in a few years look their names
up in the book of Who's Who"
in America.
The Arizona students are
organized into a club called the
Cactus Club" 1t has a mem
bership of more than so and is
one of the most lively organiza-
tions of the school.
We all feel that our friends
would like to know what their
college children are doing. You
will hear of us often.
Cactus.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
'..Joe Ruggles"

1t is not customary for great
metropolitan weeklies to make
complimentary mention of theat-
rical performances, unless such
comes thru the business Office.
But, Joe Ruggles" was present.
ed by homemade at-home local
talent, and consequently deserves
our praise.
Saturday night, when the
weeks work was over, and time
for a little recreation, we were
treated to a few hours OF comedy
drama that put our nerves In
tune for rest and refreshed for
the new week.
Snowflake and vicinity can
justly claim a citizenship far
above the average in intellectual
attainments. No better proof
than our entertainments show.
The music for the Joe Rug
giles" play was furnished by the
IS. S. A. orchestra under the
leadership of Prof. j. Rufus
Crandell, and of itself was a
first-class treat.
F. j. Willis, the every-ready
witty or dramatically Inclined
Willis. played as Joe Ruggles, :"
mike Doyle" and Dusty
Rhodes"
Willis Hunt, presented Richard
Hamilton, the "Scheming William"
Tillman Willis, as George
Smith. "
Hugh Willis, as tom How
arth. +"
@. Tenney, as "Doomsday." !"
Fred Willis, as Hans Won
Bosh."
Miss Mae Richards, as "Kate
Laurel.
Miss Retta Hall, as, "Madge
Hamilton" and little Miss Minta
Willis, as Bessie, e." her sister,
and Miss Hall again as, Mark
Lynch.
Mrs. Junius Carbon was extra
on the program, and put real
life in the performance bv her
clever recitations and songs,
between acts.
Lee Dewitt and Frank Willis
appeared as miners.
To sum it up, we have paid a
dollar to see worse, and have not
seen much better at the price by
professionals.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Favor Grand Canyon Park

Washington, Feb. 20. Senator
Ashurst's bill to mabe a national
park of the Grand Canyon of the
Colorado, was favorably reported
to the senate today from the
public lands committee. The
land is now government owned.
About 800 square miles would be
included.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Voters, Take Notice

In our next weeks issue we
will give some figures and facts
for the information of voters so
that all may understand the stu
alton as it applies to the forth
coming Road Bond election, to be
held in this county March 20,
1917. Our position will be to
furnish facts so the voter can
arrive at an intelligent conclusion
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23

H. W. Boiling, the brother of
A1' Woodrow Wilson, who got
aoa n. tight place in the Leak
A1up" on account of Tom
LAWSON telling some Wall street
tales has resigned from his firm,
TVlmabIy tU clear his skirts Of
nyeak ! y! taint. We thought that
'oIlng had saved his bacon. He
aIeo for two days before finally
aa aaQcng hungry reporter to
y su IL that he (the reporter) was
Wy cause Of it all. Watch for a
'pIte WaShing-too much money
Avolved.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
A Correction

In making announcement
about the death of Mrs. Hall in
gt weeks issue we were miss
Informed in some particulars.
The name was Mrs. Dorthea
M J. C. Hall, wife of Anthony
!. Hall. Deceased was born in
Skerping, Denmark, Jan. Z,
l& One brother living at
Lakeside, this county, and one
son, now at Honolulu, Hawaiian
Islands.
Such a mistake is very much
regretted, especially so in making
amouncement of a death, and
Rgadly make the correction.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Burial At Frisco

The body of Gen. Funston will
be buried at San Francisco. 1t
was there that the General first
became known for his worth and
bravery by putting down a strike,
and, also by handling the work
of protecting the city at the time
of the terrible earthquake.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Lakeside.
Special Correspondence:

OpeclaI correspondence
The three act comedy "All a
Mistake" was staged here the
night of the 3rd, under the able
management of Miss Eudora
Miller. While our stage fittings
are crude, we have some good
talent and the play was very
much enjoyed.
The Stork is kept busy around
Lakeside. The night of Jan. 80,
it left two fine boys, one at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. HOLSTER
Rogers, the other at Mr.. and
Mrs. Mahonri Fish.
Mrs. May H. Larson, who has
spent the past month in Lake
side, returned Friday to her
home in Snowflake.
The following from here at
tended Quarterly Conference in
Snowflake Saturday and Sunday:
Bishop A. P. Larson, Mrs. Wal
lace H. Larson and John l.. Fish.
Mrs. j. Heber Hansen left for
Mesa Monday. She had word
that her mother was dangerously
i'll at that place.
Friday, the 18th, the Primary
gave a dance which proved a
big success.
Jack and Hamilton Fish re-
turned from Globe Wednesday.
The worst storm of the winter
is now raging. Snow is deeper
than at any time this winter.
Editors Note-Our Lakeside
correspondent says that that
place needs a merchant with lots
of goods to sell.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Cov. de BaCa Dead.

Now Mexico's governor, Hon.
h E de Baca, died in Santa Fe,
cn,dav. at 2:3O. The governor
Nd bppn sick over a year and
4, death was not unexpected.
Lieut.. Gov. Lindsey automat-
,,rv became governor and was
sworn in Monday. Lindsey is a
RqDubliCan.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Washington Bone Dry

Olympia. Wash, Feb. 19-Gov-
ernor Lister signed today the
"bone dry" prohibition bill in
the presence of officers of the
w. C. T. U. and other advocates
of the measure.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23


By ThOs. P. Walton of the
Arizona legislature, a bill intro
ducedWith an effort to become a
Law, to show foremen of the
newspapers how to makeup
their forms, " then make the
reporters and editors swear to it's
correctness words to that
effect. Too, bad; and Old Man
Banum has been out of business
hryearS!
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
ed and MutiIated--0n American Soil


Gen. Fred Funston died sud-
denly Monday night at his hotel
in San Antonio, Texas, just after
finishing dinner. He was 50
years of age. Overwork was
given as the cause of his death.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23

The whole aggregation of
officials of the E. P. & S. w.
System visited Phoenix the other
day. This may be in compliance
with the Phoenix Gazette's
headline, Phoenix Must Have a
Main Line Railroad.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23

By an)executive order, accord
ing to information received at
Land Commissioners Office at
Phoenix, 475,OOO acres of the
Papago Indian reservation in
Pima county, has been restored
to the public domain.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Notice

On Saturday, Feb. "a, Bush
mans will open their new supply
of Spring and Summer hats for
ladies and children.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23

Representative Flake has in
troduced a resolution or bill in
the State legislature to provide
payment for the horses recently
condemned and destroyed in this
county. The U. S. government
has made provision to pay one
half that indemnity, and it is up
to Arizona for the other one
half.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23

Plant every available acre and
make it produce all it will, then
High Cost Of Living" will not
effect you.
Find your garden seed at
2-16-2t A. G. M. l.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-02-23
Sweet Clover Seed

Sent by Parcel Post or express.
Inquire Of, N. S. HANSEN,
Lakeside, Arizona.