davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-02-19
]. J. BROWN TO SHAKE UP HIS
OFFICE FORCE

Atlanta, Ga, Feb. 17.-While J. ].
Brown, new Commissioner OF Agri-
culture, has not announced any poll
cies for his administration during the
unexpired term of Commissioner ]. D.
Price, it was learned at the Capitol
Wednesday he will make several
changes as soon as practicable. He
takes charge Thursday.
1t is the purpose of Commissioner
Brown to remove practically every
department head holding an appoint
i've position either during the uncx-
pired term or at the beginning OF the
full term, July l.
One of the first to go will be John
T. Hixon, chief oil Inspector. He will
be succeeded by M. P. Roane, of At
lanta, campaign manager for Commits
sioner Brown. This change probably
will be made March I.
Captain ]. F. Johnson, chief clerk,
holds commission, as do the county
oil inspectors. 1t is reported to be
the purpose of the new Commissioner
to remove him as soon as practicable
His successor has not been definitely
decided upon, Commissioner Browns
friends say.
DR.. Stalings to Go.
DR.. r. E. Stallings, State chemist,
also holds commission. He will be
uscceeded by Harray Dumas, a Tech
graduate, who is chemist at the Pratt
Laboratory.
The question of whether Cliff c.
Clay, Assistant Commissioner, will
remain during the unexpired term has
not been fully determined. The chan
ces are he will be RETAINED until July
l. B. H. Grower, of Reidsvlle, bank
er and farmer, will be Assistant Com
missioner for the full term. Should
Mr. Clay be removed before July /,
Mr. Grower will fill his place.
1t is the purpose of Commissioner
Brown to test the law relating to oil
and fertilizer inspectors who were
commissioned by Commissioner Price
for two-year terms just before the ex-
piration of his term. He will ask Cliff
ford Walker Attorney General for
an opinion on this subject.
There probably will oe some minor
changes in the department, also, be-
fore the beginning of the full term,
but it is thought majority of the
clerks will be retained for a while, a,
least. 1t is not the desire of Com
missioner Brown to remove any of
the employees without sufficient no.
tice to give them an opportunity to
find other positions, his friends say.
Methvin to Stay.
P. A. Methvin, pure food inspector,
will be retained permanently, it is
T. A. Cheatham, drug in
spectQr, is appointed upon recommen-
dation of the State Board of Phar-
macy 1t is not likely he will be dis
turbed in the near future
The State Veterinary Board recon-
mends the State Veterinarian. 1t
therefore is not likely that DIR. Peter
F. Bahsen will be disturbed for
while at least.
Commission Brown conferred
with heads of the departm'nt Wednes-
day. The affairs of the office are to
be formally taken over by him on
Thursday, when Commissioner Price
will go to Griffin to take charge of
the State Experiment Station at di-
rector.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-02-19
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH
L. A. Cooper, Pastor

Sunday School, $50 A. MT.
Griffin, Superintendent.
Hours of Worship:
HOO A. M. and ZOO P. M.
The public is cordially invited.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-02-19
PRIMITIVE BAPTIST
CHURCH

Corner Palm and Johnson SITS.
Song service 1890.
Preaching II A. M.
Preaching 7:30 P. M.
You are invited.
WALTER M. BLACKWELL,
Pastor
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-02-19
THOUGHT IT III
SUBTRACT

Atlanta, Georgia
Chinaman, a Belgian
Englishman, all residetli
were among those WIG
enroll as members Of
following the big
which five thousand
marched with Red :.
In the crowd was = Z.
plantation type Wi
whiskers and a wild
was by himself and
mark as he stood sslas1
women pass:
We'll, l reckon al
men ought to be allolR III
Whether he thought Il
rage parade or was nereu
ing them for an entcrpris
he did not say.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-02-19
limited RRETHEREN q

UNITED BRETHREN C
400 w. Oconee ST.
Rev. J. c. Purnphyey, = e
Preaching at 10::45 A. d
7:l5 p. m.
Sunday School, $50 q. u
Junior Society, 8 p. "A.
Prayer meeting Wednes
7 80 p. m.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-02-19
PATTEN NAMED POSTMASTER

Washington, Feb. l6.-Rcpresenla
tive Thomas G. Patten was nominat-
ed by President Wilson today as post
master of New York city.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1917-02-19

All news contributors to this paper
will greatly oblige the management if
they VIII only write on one side OF
their manuscripts.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11

pio de Janeiro. April l0.-At a Cab
mot council to-day it was decided tha'
Rrazil should sever her relations WIN
Germany.
Bncnos Ayres. April lo.-The Ar
oent,ne government issued a declara-
,ior late this evening announcing that
II supported the position of the Ohl'e"
States in reference TO Germany.
Washington. April lO.-Much OF me
uncertainty as TO Latin Americas atu'
tude was cleared away to-day by definite
advices that Chile and Mexico Will re-
main neutral and increasing indications
that Brazil. Guatemala and Peru WI"
ioin the United States m war against
Germany.
The decision Of chile caused some
.urprise among officials here. In man!
quarters 1t had been expected that sh'
oyentually would break with the Berlin
government. What effect her stand VIII
ko,e on the smaller nations OF the
continent is matter Of much specula-
,ion. particularly As there arc 'nd'e~'
t,on. that Argentina also viii take a
place among the neutrals-
Ne>ico's decision caused no surprise
and is regarded as certain TO have htue
influence. Reports that General Car
ranza was softening TO distinct pro-
American attitude have not been cred
tod and neither have stories that he
was preparing to ally himself openly
with Germany. A proclamation of neu-
,raiity is expected after the Mexican
Congress meets April 10.
Official confirmation Of Brazl.'s break
still was lacking tonight. but oihcIsls
bclieve there is no doubt that the au-
tborities at Rio have definitely decided
for war. Brazil's influence on the other
repyblics Of the New World Is expected
20 he second only to that Of the United
States.
Official advices from Guatemala dur
ing the day left little doubt that the
nroclamation Of martial law there was
q rrelininary to break with Ger
many. Under suspension Of the civil
law the Guatcmalan government can
tske drastic steps IN controlling what
,aigbt otherwise be a serious situation.
resented by the large German popula-
II is assumed that as neutral the
Nfevican government Will take such
steps as it is able TO protect the OIL
6elSs supplying a considerable part OF
the fuel used by the British feet
II is regarded as possible. though not
rrobable. that some headwsy may have
been made by the German agents. with
Villa and other revolutionary chiefs yet
onarsting on scale big enough 10 make
tbem a menace 20 Carranza.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Roosevelt Lobbies for
Wilson's Plan to Raise
Army by Consumption
The Sunset
OF Voluntaryism
By c. W. Gilbert

NTASHINGTON. April lo.-ln these
w days, before the bill has been
introduced and before pressure from
the President has been brought to bear
YOU may count Congressional opponents
10 conscription in. large numbers. Ihey
spring UP like men in buckram every
where. II you are willing TO persuade
Yourself that there is a good story IN
the situation you may make yourseiI
believe that a fight is impending be-
tween Congress and the President, and
YOU may let your mind revert to the
McLemore resolution. But II you have
recently come here from New York and
know only Congress as it IS today
have seen how completely 1t has ao-
dicated. how it merely does what the
President asks il to do and ecnoeS
what he says. you will believe that con-
scription will come if the President
wants i. and in the measure he wants
A COMPROMISE will result II he is Will
ing 70 compromise, but 1t is difhcult
n see how he can compromise TO sucn
an extent as to surrender the real
substance Of compulsory service.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11

shells the men, working over vibrating
tables. poured a base charge Of pound
and a half of the black powder. In the
meantime compressed pellets Of pow
der. Of lead pencil diameter and about
two inches long. began to pour into
the room. in which the girls sat at
long benches and rolled them as they
came in wrappers of parafine paper
All in the building had been searched
for matches before entering, and armed
guards were at every door. Besides
these. there were among the workers
eight secret service men Of the corpo-
ration's staff.
For a couple of hours and more the
work went smoothly on. Carload after
carload of the shells was brought into
the building empty and carried away
ready for the adjustment Of the time
fuse tips.
At $3.50 o'clock something happened.
/, may be that so simple an agent as
a match head tossed into the powder
aid lis work. Perhaps some more elab-
orate contrivance achieved the object
of its manufacture. heavy eNpIo-
sion shook the plant and the country
for miles around. The roof Of the
building went aloit in spllnters, let
ting escape spiralling cloud OF dense
smoke. which foated westward over
u
Within the next ten seconds tnere
wore two more detonations-th second
heavier than the first, the thlrd Wlth
The force Of both its predecessors COM
bined. ,... t.,,.,
l,a Somme. the thousands OF loaded
shells began to go of IN dozen lots'
snraving the whole inclosure with "a
haIstorm Of cad. ...d
CaDtaiu Hcfcrnau. in the guard
honse bv the gate more than a nan
,,iIe from the trouble centre wa al
,bc telephonc before the last OIL 'ne
major explosions. 49,, .:.o
Cantain William VI. Wilhelm. VICE
presfden, and general manager oi 'he
corporation, and Lieutenant J.. -. . V%''n %
Greble. commanding the private Po'.O'
battalion. both former nlleu H""'
Army officers. lcaCHeu N'i' 49, ''.N
building simultaneously. win the ar
rival Of HeFcrnau and the gate euaIu'
Csntain Wilhelm sent five men ne
roes they proved themselves 10 9 tnS
roof of a building within a hundreH
,spds op of the shrapnel shop. They took
{our leads Of hose. Two streams were
s5o, into the ruins. and under cover o.
them the guards, led by Lieu'eh"ni
Greble and Captain Heifernan, rushed
,rto the rescue work With lead spat-
tering about them they came ana went
vent and came, each bearing on each
outward trip Il body IN which there
might yet be life.
Alter me first hour the rattle OF the
exploding shrapnel became intermittent
and the last Of the shells exploded AT
40 o'clock in the afternoon BY thst
time the flames had been quenehed; ot
tbe 10 O0O shells in the building 2'VOO
yere found uneXploded.
Captain Wilhelm was positive mere
b.d been no accident. In the course or
,be day. he said about thirty arrests
Nod been made. IL was announced Of
Gcially that all these suspects had been
reIeased. but there was "A report that
.eycral were being held.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
u. S. Warships Seize
Arms Laden Ship
Shots Halt Fleeing Munitions
Boat Bound to Mexico

san Diego. Cal. April l0.-A munI-
tions-carrying schooner, bound for
Mexican west coast port, was hred
upon and captured by two United
States torpedo boat destroyers. 1t was
learned tonight from authoritative
sources.
Five shots were fred at the vesse!
when 10 attempted TO escape. and the
ship Was then beached. Several thou
sand rounds OF rife and machine gun
ammunition were taken aboard the de
stroyer and landed at a Pseihe Coast
port.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11

German assistance.
lbs Telegraph % Tie rrnlHsl
FL Paso. Tex. April lO.-An army OF
German reservists from Central Ameri-
can countries has crossed into Mexico
over the Guatemalan border and thou
sands Of Germans are gathering IN
Chjapas. where German 'orces are be-
inc modified. according 20 Ernesto
Rios, former FL Pasoan. now
Guatemala business man. who arrived
here to-day.
Rios saws that more than seven thou
sand German reseryists are known 10
have crossed the border into Mexico
through Guatemala within sixty days,
and reports Of larger numbers crossing
are current in Guatemala.
The movement of Germans through
Guatemala into Mexico from other Cen
tral American countries Is 40 secret
there, Rios says, but is matter OF gov
eminent record The government has
not been able, he says, 20 stop the
movement. AS the Germans are un-
armed and claim to be merely seeking
refuge IN Mexico. II is claimed that an
army Of 10000 German reseryists has
been modified and armed in Chlapas
10 move upon the American border, but
was delayed because rebels burned q
number OF bridges on the Pan-Amerean
Railway. These are now practically re-
stored.
War between Mexico and GuatemA a
is imminent. according TO Rios. Presl-
dent Meudez Of Salvador and Presl-
dent Csrranza have made an alliance
u is claimed. for campaign against
Guatemala President Estrada Cabrera
OF Guatemala. has modified an army o.
$4,000 70 prevent the invasion OF ms
country. according 20 Mr.. Rios.
Mexican troops from Central ana
Northern Mexico are being rushed
north toward the United States border.
according 70 reports received here to
day from Mexico City. The movement
= declared the most general yet IN
augurated By the Mexican government.
and includes all forces IN the states oil
Sinaloa. Sonora, Durango. Lacateeas'
Coahuila and Chihuahua, and embraces
the entire armed force OF the Carranza
government IN Central, Western and
Northeastern Mexico.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Reorganizations
By Patchwork

Reorganlzations IN this country gem
erally proceed By patchwork. The cur
rency was reorganized by adding an
other kind Of paper money 70 the nu-
merous kinds We already had. When
We reorganize taxes II is By keeping
ali the old taxes and adding new ones.
The General stat offered an army re.
examination plan last year which did
away with the National Guard ss part
Of the Federal forces and eft the Unit
ed States Army 10 consist OF only the
overseas army. our present regulars
and conscript army Of universally
trained men. That was simplicity. II
is the way we reorganize on paper.
But the National Guard survives and
s % be recruited 20 full strength. IL
Is essential IN this emergency. Sim
ilArly a volunteer army may survive on
a small scale II President Wilson con-
sents But not even It's most outspoken
opponent doubts that the real army %
the final dependence OF the country -
VIII have 20 be a conscript army. This
,s another reason for thinking that Il
the President insists upon conscript
army and nothing else he will get u.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Colonel Consults with
Leaders After Call at
White House
To Establish Army
Camps Over Country
Wavering Congressman To
Be Lined Up by the
President
Summary

The question of conscription, or
universal liability TO service" came
into higher relief yesterday at Wash
ington. II was debated misgivingly
in the Senate.
There will be much opposition in
Congress to the Administrators
plan. Mr.. Wilson has begun to exert
pressure upon the wavering.
Mr.. Roosevelt, after a visit TO the
White House, threw his personal in
fuence in favor of conscription and
conferred with a number of Repub-
lcan and Democratic leaders.
Meanwhile, the War Department
has announced its plans for a chain
of "Plattsburgs" this summer, where
volunteers may receive training as
officers for the big army that is to
be raised by draft if the President
can prevail upon Congress TO pass
the legislation he desires.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Germans Face Great Disaster
as British Sweep
Ahead
100 Guns Captured;
Advance Unchecked
Fighting Extends Far North
and South-French May
Join Drive

London, April 1O.-"Thc British
sweep east Of Arras to-day turned the
northern pivot Of the famous linden
burg line, and large forces Of British
troops tonight were pressing far be-
yond the top OF that German barrier,
which was prepared after endless
months of Il ibor."
This paragraph. from a correspond
ent in the field, passed By the military
censor there, gives the first hint of the
full value Of the British victory. It
also is the first statement, from man
in a position to know, OF the exact 10
cation Of the famous line. II his
statement is correct and the linden
burg line has been turned, the battle
of Arras may prove the beginning Of
the decisive phase on the West front.
This statement disposes of reports that
the Germans were planning TO retreat
from before Arras, and shows that the
British have won their overwhelming
success against a line held in full force.
Haig's armies swept on to-day almost
from La Bassee to st. Quentin and
drove wedge into the very yitals OF
the German front, five miles beyond
Monday mornings line at Arras. The
number of German prisoners has al
most doubled since yesterday. 1t now
exceeds 1000 including 235 officers.
and the total promises to reach $1,000
before midnight. The victors have
counted over 100 guns, among them q
number of krUpp monsters oil 9,
inch calibre. sixty trench mortars and
lG3 machine guns.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Prosperity in Farming

Theodore y. Vail said that the farm
now offers probably the greatest op-
portunIty for individual success Of all
the country's industries.
Millions OF food gardens as means
Of combating a food shortage were sug-
gested by Charles l.. Pack. president
Of the National Emergency Food Gar
den Commission.
They Will give millions Of families
cheap food" he said, and will relieve
the railroads Of transportation prob
lens which u IS everywhere admitted
will be too much for them. | have just
come from Ohio. which enters the war
with less food than az the outbreak Of
the Civil War. when the population was
half what IL Is to-day. In other states
east OF the Mississippi the situation IS
much the same"
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
One Should
Be Sorry

Nevertheless, when on top Of bong
asked to vote for participation IN
European war he is asked to vote fol
conscription he becomes an object OF
sympathy to any one who has not for
gotten the American Of three years
ago. He does not have 10 think
down" % ms constituents IN order to
shrink from this new duty. lie Is a
man past middle life when the mind
is no longer flexible All his days he
mas been rejoicing that America was
the land OF the free and the home OF
the brave German who fed from doing
military service for the Kaiser. This
has been a.mos. as much point OF
national pride as tnst the country
was the asylum Of the religlOusly per
secuted. What is 10 become now OF
all our superiority 20 the nations
across the Atlantic? Not since science
assailed the position Of religion has
anything % damaging happened 10
sustaining beliefs.
Voluntarylsm has lot Of vitality,
and Colonel Roosevelt gave It new
breath Of life when he came 70 town
Yesterday. al the same time throwing
in his force for conscription. Colonel
Roosevelt can go 10 the front with
his division only If volunteers are
sent. Even before he arrived in town
there vas talk Of allowing a small
volunteer force TO 90 20 France be-
fore resort WAS mad TO conscrlption.
rbere was more talk to-day. This
idea finds great favor in Congress, and
II the President agrees 20 u he may
get universal military training along
with a volunteer army 70 20 20 France
promptly. This would enable the
country 70 make use OF the expert
enced men who are not attracted 10
the regular army, who are uncertain
where the National Guard will serve
and who are too old to be drawn INTO
the conscrlpt army
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Guatemala Acts
To Check Intriguers

Guatemala City. Guatemala, April 10.
Martial law WAS declared IN Guste-
msla Monday. The action was taken on
;.torus,ion Of disturbances along the
Mexican and StlvsdOrisn frontiers,
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Believes Commission Certain

Colonel Roosevelt in his statement
made 20 the reporters on leaving the
White House was careful 70 say that
no promise of commission had been
made by the President, who, he said,
had promised 20 take the matter under
consideration. His manner. however.
left little doubt in the minds OF lis
hearers but that he believed the resul.
OF this consideration would be favor
able TO him.
lie had, he told the reporters, ex.
planned biz plans 10 the President
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11

from a star Corrcspo1den' - The Irhunel
Washington. April 10. Richard, 7.
T., was himself to-day that is TO say,
a blast of wind IN stilly places. n mo-
bile force, the unexpected middle OF a
fight, a volunteer of one. conscription-
ist in precept, vital contradiction.
lie had come from Oyster Bay TO see
the President. lately his great "un-
friend on an errand both personal
and romantic From IL flowed imme-
diately large practical" consequences.
The errand was TO obtain a generals
commission and permission TO lead
myself and division" into France. The
consequences were varied and surprs-
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11

Conference Of crDeris NJ 81.
Lo,ds GdrOcG.es n national farm
army: Unprecedented demand for
seed and fertilizer iH Neic York:
Boy Scouts prepare 10 cUltiUGte
WGsts lands; on Page 6.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Farmers Having Troubles

Mr.. Quick asserted that the farmer
was handicapped by labor shortage,
the munitions plants having taken
thousands Of farm laborers.
Other difficulties. according 10 Mr..
Quick. were the high cost Of machinery
and seeds and the wssteful methods OF
marketing lie thought that 1917 would
see a serious shortage IN the worlds
wheat crop but that this might be
mitigated 20 some degree by the great
er utilization OF corn.
Mrs. G. W. Mathis, of Alabama. said
the South was in a critical condition
al that Alabama had not enough food
on hand 10 feed rs population for
thirty day.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
The Self-Efacing


Opposition 20 compulsion breaks ou'
in unexpected places. Senator "a'
lineer's remarks to-day caused sur
prise and added greatly TO the talk
of a contest with the President. Sena-
tor Gallinger Is one of the old hhe
Republicans as far removed from La
Toilette as any one in the upper House
and he would naturally be expected 10
srpport the war with full ylgor. No
doubt the vote against conscrptioh
will be heavier than the vote against
war. and heavier in the House than IN
the Senate. But it will probably not
be large enough to defeat the President
if he appeals for support. the habit oil
srrrenderng the right f private judg-
ment during a war being firmly fixed
/ and Congress not being much disposed
! to insist on it even under ordinary cir
cumstances. 1t is easy to enter into
{ the heart OF a Congressman and know
WHY he is timorous. The average MEM
Der knows and knows little else than
the America Of small and rural imagIn-
ings. He respects it and fears to Of
f,nd its prejudices. His political
theory is a compound Of Fourth OF
July orations and corner grocery store
oracles. lie lives in terror of the peo-
ple in his district who do not know and
can not think. There is literary vice
common in these days of populariza-
tjon. which consists in writing down
to the public. Perhaps the member OF
/ Congress thinks down" 20 his con
stituents.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
And Then Came Action

Issuing from his conference with
yr. Wilson he stopped only TO clap
Tumulty on the back and TO tell the
reporters things they could not print,
and then went and took on Congress
in single handed combat. as he was
used to do. in the interest Of the Ad-
mnistration's universal service army
bill. lie called for committee chair
men and for leaders of both parties
in both houses of Congress to come
and take counsel with him. and they
came. Between times came the
French and British and japanese am
bassado.s and the Secretary Of War
and other notable persons until the
reporters were weary and went 10
bed leaving destiny IN the hands OF
one accustomed 70 manage il in neat
and newsy manner.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11
Brazil Breaks With Germany;
Argentine Will Support y. S.
Guatemala and Peru Also on Verge OF Joining Opposition
70 Berln-Chle and Mexico Expected
to Remain Neutral

supposed TO have been created with
German assistance.
New-York tribune., 1917-04-11

Map snoring erte''t Of the day s
advance and other icGr Hsrs on
Page 5.