davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-12-09

day. Francis Mohun and Joseph Bryan.
a few of the Avenue stores, of 1860.
which the Rambler believes he has so
for nat written of. were Nairns &
Palmers drug store, 9Th street: Ben
jamin F. French's Oater French & Rich
18th: Sibley & Guys stove store. The
Sign @of the Iron Dog" between 10th
and 1th: Dempsey & O'Toole. wedding
and visiting card engrayers. between
9TH and 10th: NJ. @. Gladmon's hat
store, between 11th and 18th, NJ w.
Gait & Bros, jewelers.. No. 354, four
doors west of Browns Hotel, and
Sheriff & Dawson. coal and wood deal
ers.s the south side. between Sd
auds 4i:.
In. the Christmas season,of 1860 Blind
Tom, then only ten years, was giving
piano recitals afternoon and evening
at Carusi's assembly. rooms. and the
of Signor MEzio. were singing in. Will
lard's Hall. In the troop were BriEnoll,
Ferri Coletti, Susini. Miss Adelaid Phil
lipps and Nine. Pauline Colson. At
the Washington Theater Mr.. L. Eddy.
the celebrated American tragedian.
was. playing "ingomar, Hamlet.
The Dead Heart" and THE Corsican
Alice Placide Mann. In connection
with the deep and crimson tragedies.
the actors were putting on a musical
burlesque called Jenny Lind. Miss
Mary Shaw singing the part OF the
Swedish nightingale" Scientific lee
lures were going on at the Smithsonian
Institution. and one of these of the
winter Of 1860 which the Rambler re-
calls was Iceland and the Ieelanders,..
by Prof. p A. Chadbourne Of Williams
College. The Rambler wonders as he
jots down these lines how many Wash
Evening star., 1917-12-09

two years. feels that he with confidence
recommend the cleopdactic process for insert.
ing artifcial teeth. 1t has the advantages of
strength. beauty. cleaninsss and Ghenpness.
There was another dentist, Dr..
Loonis. whose office was also between
9Th and. 10th. and who made a specially
of what he afledl'mineral plate teeth" ="
In. 1860 two of the insurance COM
panies of the District had their Offices
at the Avenue and 1th street. These
were the F'iremen's Insurance Com
pany. which had offices over the Bank
of Washington. and the Mutual Fire
Insurance Company. which had Offices
adjoining the Bank of Washington. OF
the first named of these insurance
companies.JamesA Adams was president
and Alexander McIntire was secre-
tary and the directors We're George
Shoemaker. Samuel Cropiey. Richard
Jones. Samuel Redfern. John p. Bark
ley. John {. Rives. Jacob Gideon. An
Barry. A. G. Davis and Thomas Par
kerr OF the Mutual Fire Insurance
Company. Ulysses Ward was president.
Matthew G. Emery, treasurer. and
Charles Wilson secretary, and the man
ayers were Ulysses Ward. John Dick
son. T. J. Magruder. John Van Riswick.
Matthew G. Emery. J. c. Mckeiden and
Charles Wilson. The Washington In
surance Company had its Office at the
Avenue and 10th street. James e.. Nc
CURE was president and Grafton d.
Hanson. SECRETARY, and the directors
were NJ. Gn Gait. William F. Bayly.
Samuel Bacon. William Orme. Benia m in
Beall, Hudson Taylor. James F. Holi-
Evening star., 1917-12-09

hibits at the centennial exposition. and
it is probably now at rest in some
museum.
Duehring's tobacco store was quite
a resort for toba bacco-chewing senators
and representatives in Congress. and
nearly all Americans of that period who
profeSsed practiced politics chewed
tobacco Duehring's tobacco was in
high repute and he had way of
moistening it which was the delight of
the boys of the neighborhood. The
Rambler has been told that after
spreading the chopped-up leaves on a
big table he would spray them with
water slipped from cup. just as Chi
nese laundrymen used to spray shirts
and collars before they took to the use
of atomizers.
On the Avenue between nth and l2th
streets and beginning at the corner OF
I2;h were the Kirkwood House the
bar of which was long served by man
named Dudley: McLaughlin's haber-
GaIts jewelry store. Fridley's lottery
Office. George Bergling. tailor: PTlling' :
notion store and Gautier's confectionery
store. which was succeeded by Calvert
Ford's drug store.
The Rambler mentioned last Sunday
several early Photographic galleries.
but did not mention Brady's national
Photographic gallery at S52 told num-
ber) Pennsylvania avenue Following
is Brady advertisement which "ap-
peared many times in The Star during
the winter of 1859:
On exhibition. beautifully finished photo
graphs Of the President aud Vice President.
Imperial photogrars of all the Presidents from
Evening star., 1917-12-09

2 4 7
ington in the :Franco-Prussian war. and
the local work of the citizens in raising
money for! the amelioratfon OF the con-
dition Of the widows and orphans OF
French soldiers and for the help of
wounded French soldiers. Another big
fact of 1870 was the flood which dam
aged the Potomac bridges and flooded
cellars along the Avenue
Perhaps the most noteworthy thing
in Washington IN 1870 was the crys-
;tallizing of sentiment which resulted
in the institution of the territorial gov
erliment in the following year
Ia connection with the French re
lief work In Washington there was or
ganized an association for the relief
Of " wounded French soldiers. and sub
scriptions were :. taken by Charles
Gautier. 1917 Pennsylvania avenue: y.
Demongeot. sos Market space; Thomas
Durand. who lived on Az near the Ave-
nue.; E.eRoux. 141l F. +. Des Fosse.
S09. ] sth street: Joseph Robert. with
Calf &. Brother, 1l05 Pennsylvania ave
nue.: F. GentY, 10th and the Avenue: C.
colne. who lived at the corner of Con-
gress. and Stoddert streets. Georgetown !:
A.. Bodner.s 1851 6th street, and two
Franco o-WasiiingtoniaDs. named Laig-
mel and Baudouin, the former being en-
ployed under the Kirkwood Hotel and
the; latter being in business at SOS 1lth
street between the Avenue and f.
There were a number of meetings at
Marini's s. Hail. and there was large
gathering at Lincoln Hail on October
26. ito express sympathy with France
In that old hall at the northeast cor
ner of 9Th and . the tricolor and La
Banniere Eteile" were entwined, Gen.
r.: =. 'Muzzy% called the meeting to or
der. DIR. John p. Newman prayed. A. G.
Riddle and Richard. t. Merrick made
The principal speeches and resolutions
Evening star., 1917-12-09

home. Taking out the 100. .000, 900 bush
els necessary, for seed, we should have
left only 50. 600. 600 bushels for export.
This would clean up every Nbushel or
wheat produced this year and empty
the bins in every elevator in the coun-
try. And yet Mr.. Hoover says we must
have no less than 225.000.000 bushels
for export to France.
Come with me, through the great
mills which are handling our wheat
crop. Minneapolis is the largest -four
city in the world 1t is one OF the lead
ing grain ,arkets in the country. ana
IL stands at the top of the list as the
y.y ,hs anna ontpn ON
of it's mills has exceeded 13.00o,00O bar
rels and it's -four is known all over me
world. The president of one or the
largest mills here told me Of an incl
dent.that took place during the Russo
Japanese war; A number OF japanese
officers Nere. celebrating the victory
of the battle OF Alukden ard an Anterl-
can army officer who was present at
ihe banquet remarked upon the excei-
lence Of the bread. Using the one or
TWO words ,:of japanese. that he knew
he said thai it was .'tcai ban or mum
Der one" 1T ought to be- replied the
made of four that came from Mime
anoiis. We captured il from the R''s-
slams ..E
ing district, of Minlreapo'is. All of the
roi;r1miils are huddled together about
,theE falls of ST. Anthony: only siS
books from, the business. part of the
citg. Here he .Mississippf.ffTer MAKE
a drop, of forty-eight feet. as: ii rolls
on down toward the gulf: The water
is cenau into. grea turbines and
altogether 4. deveiooes about. 6o,o9g
horsepower. This is alr1osf all used
for the mills. and the falls themselves
are nearly dry. They have been COW
ered with planks to prevent the rocks
from wearing away. and the water
pours over boards. rather. than stone
The milling business has grown SO
rapidly that there is not enough water
greater power IS being developed by
steam. -,
This milling disriict consists of
enormous buildings of limestone rising
to height of Ito 200 feet. Rail-
road tracks on trestles run here and
there. high above the ground. and the
trains bring the wheat to. the Very
doors of the mills In one large estab-
budiess @ and ae the euF i. re ieaded % on the
trains before it leaves the mill. There
are number. of elevators connected
with the. mills and the great ter,ninaA
every direction. Minneapolis has about
fifty OF these great grain bins with. a
combined capacity of 45.0oo.008 bushels.
They are choGN1nf Az aoo q ,1,,a, wheat s,ngIs
stream of grain flows out Of it on end
less belt conveyors at the rate of 10000
bushels per hour or liz, 1000 per day. The
eonyeyors carry the wheat through iun-
nels; 10 the mills and ii does not stop
until il comes out as -four and is loaded
on the, cars to be sent to the consumer.
As walked about through the mills
found men on guard everywhere. All
of theFbGildiagss are as carefully pro-
tected az IL they were munitions plants
AS soon as ws,entered the war the gov
Evening star., 1917-12-09

than ever before. The wool supply Of
the central empires and their allies.
and even that which may be obtained
from Russia. is far from sufficient. 1t
may be that after the war Germany
will be able to get wool from Argen-
tina and Uruguay. but Australian wool
is likely to be denied her.
Flax may be obtained from adjacent
districts in Russia. but the quantity
is not large and none of.the prospective
Teutonic territory under the proposed
alliance OF the central powers is cap
able Of supplying much flax.
This brief review indicates the pos
sibiliiies. as well as the li:rits tons, OF
All economic alliance of the. ccntra
powers and their dependent allies. It
does not take into account In. diff
cu'ties of efiecting such an alliance
due to competitive conditions in some
of the countries themselves.
Austria is SO completely under Ger
man domination. financially and indus
trlaily. as well as politically. thar no
sc-ious obstacles may re interposed 10
Industries by Germany. Even before
the Psi1s conference was. held. the Vi
emma Char:rher of Commerce and similar
oodieS -iH iu@tria he'd been d;scussia:c
the economic union OF the .ent.ei pow :
efs after the war. They adopted fo.o-
iufions OF n rather vague character
about the necessity OF trade treaties
which would safeguard Austrian inter
Tor little against the Overwhelming
German influence
hungary occupies a different position
economically and politically. Austria
has been able to keep Hungary az a
pari of the dual empire By conceding
economic equality as well as by fos-
te'inG the Magyars' hatred OF the
.iavs- This racial antagonism has be en-
allowed to have full play. as in the
case OF the famous pig treaties" by
Which Austria stified Serhia's agricul-
turai development. These treaties were
III Inc interest of .Hungary's agricul-
turai interests rs much as in the M :
turc OF salve to the racial hatred
against the 'Slavs.
nile Austria has been able to in
nuence hungarian sentiment in this
manner, she has a much more difficult
TASK when 1t comes to influencing Hun
Sary to make her agricultural re-
sources subordinate to Germany's eco
nonic interests. Hungary is principal
~ an agricultural country. She seeks
TO protect her agricultural producers
from outside competition, while at the
same time .affording them the best pos
aioe market for their surplus products.
fermany also protects her agricultural
classes in the person of the feudal
landlords who comprise the powerful
political group or reactionaries known
.,s.the junkers.
Evening star., 1917-12-09

different kinds of meal are separated In
each bolter. The first sitting is through
a mesh of eighteen. holes TO the square
inch. This yields bran and coarse
middlinSs. The next sieve over which
the meal passes has perhaps thirty
holes TO the square inch, and the n,es |
from this is, not so coarse. The meal
then passes through sleeves of forty.
seventy and eighty-siN holes. and it IL
finally put through one with f6A holes
to the inch.
Ny gIide through the mill had in his
hip pocket 4 little steel trowel mucn
like that with which the Siazier presses
down his putty. He rubbed this over
its texture. The best noue was no.
white. bat of rich ivory color. and
the grains We're SO close together that
it looked like a cream enamel paint
> here are three grades of -four made
here, and they all have different hues
The secord grade is a lighter yellow
and the third reddish brown Pure
white -four is made by a bleaching
process which is said to impair its.
heaithfuiness.
All Of tine work is done by eiectricftv.
The machinery o. milling is simple as,ti
rot difficult to understand. A great
mill consists of many small units OF
tie same Kind and the i1rger the miN
the more units there are. They have
all kinds of labor-savinS machines and
the whole process is largely automatic
During my stay At the mill went.
into the laboratory and special bakery
This company has eight mills and
every two slours samples from each of
them arc brought here to be anaiyze.t
rs TO their food contents and nutrient
values The -four passes through the
chemical laboratory and the physical
laboratory and is finally made into
half-pound ioaves. The baking is done
just as in any Of the bakeries of th1'
Gnited States. and the ioaves are cut
and examined as to texture. taste and
color.
The Minneapolis mil,ers are all maxi
ing experiments and tests as to -four
and meal for the Army. They make
mixtures of corn -four 6nd " heat -four
and test the bread made therefrom as
to food caiorfes and keeping qualities
Not long ago some bread was sent a
from here to. San Francisco. and it
arrived as moist as when it came out
of the oxen. recent test was made
with barley -four. in which 200 barrels
were baked into experimental Ioaves-
| asked one OF the rnillers here as
to the price Of -four. and how high il
would go. Said he:
That would be hard to say. In other
wars IL has gone as high as s4.25.
which was, the average Liverpool. price
during the war of 1912. Just after ther
civil war ii reached S2-iS. and in the
second year of the crimean war il rose
to sa.3i "a busheI OF course. il the
food administration is successful In
regulating the price we shall be saved
from excessive boarding and specula-'
ton on the part of the growers. The
real food dictator of America is the
farmer On him depends the supply
a od the price. and just now. when AL
industries and manufacturers are asked
to take only a nominal profit. he will
he We sto 81 into line"
3 FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star., 1917-12-09

Jackson To Buchanan. of all men bers OF me
Senate and House of Representatives Of the
present Congress, of the Prince Of Wales ana OF
large number Of distinguished foreign person.
artists. authors. editors. clergymen. generals
and commodores. The lnrgest plain photographs
in the world. = The coiored photographs must
be seen 10 he appreciated. Twenty-Five fnii-
for So One hundred photographs for 50.
Prices for other styles equally moderate.
Mention of Augusta Noss store for
the sale of metal and hair jewelry re-
calls that hair jewelry was one of the
fads of the time and that one of the
leaders in this industry in Washington
was Mrs. Higbie. who had workrooms
over the dry goods store of Ciagett &
May. on the snorth side of the Avenue
between eth and 10th. She advertised
that she was IAN artist in hair jewelry.
such as bracelets. earrings. fob chains.
finger rings, breastpins, guard chains.
hearts and crosses" and that she would
make these things to order out of any
hair that might be brought to her.
Recalling DIR. McFarlane. the dentist
who had his Office over Entwisie's
drug store. at 18th and the Avenue,
brings to mind another man who was
practicing dentistry on the Avenue in
1850 and earlier. This was DIR. Hills.
who for long time had has office over
the music store of John F. Ellis. on the
north side of the Avenue between 9th
ard 10th. One of DR.. Hills old ad
vertisements reads:
Dentis,ry-Dr. Hills. after a practical test of
Evening star., 1917-12-09

ington people ..rememb ber the red light
that used to glow on the tower of. the
Smithsonian. as signal to washington
that a. lecture would be held that even
ing. = 1t was1the practice to, announce.
when aSlecture was scheduled, that "a
tower. and to prevent annoying inter
ruptiens it will be- extinguished and
the doors closed when the lecture com
mences.s - p S ii
= At this point, the Rambler is going to
pass, FROM 1850 to 1870. but before max
ing the7leap he would like to present a
picture in statistics OF the size and rate
Of growth OF Washington inFthe periods
OF which he has been writing. ! The
population of IwashinEton in 1900 was
3.2l0: in 1870. s.208: 1890. -13,24I:. 1880.
fS.S27:> $780, ,2s.364: 1880. 4o,o01, and
1se, 6f.400. The police census in 1870
gave the population of Washington as
l11,195.- divided among the municipal
subdivisions. as follows: First ward.
1880; second ward. is,4I9; third ward.
1881: fourth ward, 1880; fifth ward.
1882.
Some of the outstanding local matters
in 1870 were the putting down of wood
block paving on Pennsylvania avepue
from the Capitol to 10th street. and on
Louisiana and Indiana avenues. and
the paving with sheet asphalt of
j 5thf street fom Pennsylvania avenue 10
New York avenue, and that part of Ver-
mont avenue in froHt of the Arlington
Hotel between II and streets. Vermont
avenue &as paved first. ANOTHER feature
of 1870 was the great interest in Wash
Evening star., 1917-12-09

explain wherein the project is imprac-
ticAble +.Fs.
The Cologne reports stated that the
Hamburg discussion turned largely on
big schemes to procure raw materials
after the war. and defeat the entente
plans 10 isolate the central powers
commercially. Germany unquestion-
ably is at a disadvantage when il comes
to obtaining raw materials for her in
dustries in competition with England
and the United States.
The United States has iron ore. coal.
copper and cotton. She has fair pro-
portion of the wool needed in her tex
tile industries.
ticularly of coal and iron. and in the
resources Of her colonies. has the raw
material for every basic Industry both
of metals and Of textiles. Germany. UP
To tn" time she plunged the world IN
var. drew on those resources sas freely
as did England herself.
While the Emitted states after the
war is not likely TO adopt any policy
looking to the restriction Of her .oN II
exports of raw materials 20 particular
countries. sone OF the British colonies
viii, take that course with a view 10
raising the cest o. production il. Ger
many by limiting the source. of s"p-
plies of raw mater ia Is. Gsrmany. taer--
foie. will look more TO the countries
of Europe which size can make her
economic as well as her political vas
SalS. ana to neutral cOHnfrieS, such as
Sweden and Spain, which have iron ore
and copper
The German empire has abuuda nj
coal resources. here are considera-
BILE iron ore deposits but they ara f1r
from ample enough to fuxrish the
basis for the pig iron production that
obtained up to the breaking OFT of
hostilities. The Aisace-I..r..ii.c ore
deposits were described III u ire ious
article.
Austria has some iron ore. asd the
German policy is to control that
The copper production of the central
powers and their dependent allies il
comparatively limited. The great Ger
man electrical industries. no matter
what boasts may be made about their
ability to provide material from within
the empires and their dependent allies.
are really dependent on tho United
States. Mexico and South America for
the bulk Of their copper. If they con-
trolIed the entire Spanish prodsct.
which they are far from doing they
would still be largely dependent on
these countries.
In the textile industries Germany
must obtain substantially all her cot
ton from countries OUTSIDE the sphere
of Te.ttonic influence. She may get no
Egyptian or Indian cotton after the
war, end that " i'll mean thai she y III
,iaye TO lco.l pior: to toe Cnite,t st2trs
Evening star., 1917-12-09

tage of the Paris conference, and de-
clare that in self-defensa an economic
alliance of the central powers and of
their Turkish and Bulgarian allies was
essential to their existence after the
war.
AS military operations continued
with greater feTceness and with added
intensity and increasing uncertainty
during the summer and fall of 1916.
and in the spring and summer of the
present year, less was heard about the
economic alliance of the entente pow
ers and the war after the war. Ii
was recognized in London and Paris
that military operations We're, the prin-
cipal thing and that economic meas
ures. except as they bore on questions
of shipping ana matters directly af-
fecting military operations. should be
deferred until the peace that comes
through the victory of arms was in
sight.
Many. of the best minds in England
and France such as Fiscourt Rryce
recognized this from the beginning,bu
their suggestion received little consio-
Grafton in tine popular wrath against
Germany.
on the part of the British and French
governments. however. it vas tactly
been mistake, N disposition was
shown 10 get away from it entirely
President Wilson's reply to the Pope's S
peace proposal. II. which he took stand
against selfish economic ailla'S'es, was
taken advantage of by the allies Lord
Robert Ceci, speaking for the British
foreign ofics; gave an interview N
position on the subject, and declared
that the purpose of the Paris confer
ence had been defensive
In the entente countries the situation
was softened by assuming that the
President meant Germany when ht
spoke against selfish economic alli-
ances. In Germany. while the Presi
dents statement was gnrbled and mis-
presented. the declaration against
selfish economic alliances was assumed
to mean the entente allies. The Pres
ident hred this shot from double-bar
relied gun, and each barrel seemed Il
have hit its target.
Germany. as the Cologne report OF
the Hamburg conference shows. did not
change her pol;cy, nor viii she change
il. Her scheme still is the ecopOmi,
domination Of central Europe and oi
the Balkans and Asiatic Turkey. Ever
in the event of military victory this
scheme is impracticable IN it's en-.
tirety as was the proposed economic al
lance Of the entente powers. u is not
the Pr Z Sc OF this article, however. tt