davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
EAST SKOWHEGAN

Byna Ames from Canaan was call
ing on Chile Burrill Tuesday.
The traction engine is working in
these parts. We are glad to see II
for the roads need it very badly.
Mrs. Elvin Richardson remains
about the same.
Clifton futile is home on a ten
days furlough from the Navy. He
was calling on his uncle and aunt,
Mr.. and Mrs. VIII futile Friday. We
are glad to see him with US again.
He returns next Tuesday.
J. Wheellock is wearing a broad
smile. 1t is a boy.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
SOLON

The D. A. r. will meet with Mrs
Mabel Magoon Friday afternoon July
9Th Subject of the meeting, Equal
Suffrage. Roll call, Midsummer
Sentiments.
Harold Friend, who has enlisted in
the Army and at present is stationed
at Bangor, was In town Wednesday
calling on friends.
Miss Marion Southwick OF Sanford
is in town visiting relatives.
Mrs. Pearl Swain who has been one
Of the assistant teachers in Portland
High this year, returned home Satur-
day night and is the guest of her pa
rents Mr.. and Mrs. L. F. McIntire.
Misses Gertrude Brophy, Rena Nc
Collar and Mile Young have returned
from Pennington Normal School,
Misses Brophy and McCollar graduated
this year.
The Ladies' Aid met with Mrs. Mary
French Tuesday, June Goth for an all
day meeting The weather man IA
vored them with a beautiful day and
by the middle of the forenoon the
members began to gather. At noon
a dinner consisting of baked beans,
pickles, bread, butter, pies, assorted
cake, Strawberries, coffee and cream
was served to about forty-three. After
dinner was over and the dishes washed
the meeting was held which was pre-
sided over by Mrs. Mile Paul A
very interesting part of the meeting
was a report of the Ladies' Aid at
Skowhegan which was given by Mrs.
Viola Smith. After the meeting was
oil 30 h.
Misses Esther French and Marion
Whipple took pictures of the company.
They returned to their homes at an
early hour after giving Mrs. French
rising vote of thanks for her hos
pitality.
Carroll Jones of Chicago is the
guest of his parents Mr. and Mrs.
Azel Jones.
A district meeting of this district
was held with Scion Lodge Tuesday
evening. There were present from
other lodges in the district about 35.
The grand officers present were Willis
Parsons G.. NJ. of Dover and Foxcroft,
Harold Toward D. G, NJ of Waterville
and M. P. Pollard D. D. G. M. Of this
district. The address of welcome
was given by S. T. Baker of Scion
lodge and the response by Rev. It. B.
HIATT of Mt Moxie lodge at Bingham.
The third degree was worked by the
Scion lodge on one candidate. After
the usual remarks and speeches by the
different members present they all ad-
iourned to the banquet hall where a
very fine baked bean supper was
served by the Rebekah lodge.
The funeral of George G. Harville
who was killed by falling from load
of lumber in Cornville Monday, was
held in the village cemetery Wednes-
day.
Mary Pfister, who has been teach
ing in Block Island. r. |. during the
past winter. arrived at her home here
last Thursday.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
Mrs. Abigail Boston

Mrs. Abigail Boston passed away
at the home of her son ]. w. Boston IN
Canaan, Wednesday morning at $50
The deceased was ~ years of age and
has lived in Canaan and vicinity near
ly all her life. Her daughter, Mrs
Addie Putnam, was with her at the
time of her death. Funeral SER
vices will be held from the home OF
her son Saturday morning at ~
o'clock, Rev George Merriam, pastor
of the Bethany Baptist church, Oh
floating.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
CENTENARY METHODIST EPISCO.
PAL CHURCH
Island Avenue

Rev Henry Clay Turner, Pastor
Residence next to Church
Tel. 64-2
Preaching service at 10.45 with
sermon by Pastor Rev Henry Clay
Turner. Sunday School at IL. Lyle
s. Moore. Supt; Epworth League at 8
p. M: Sunday evening service at 7
o'clock. Prayer meeting Thursday
evening at 7.30.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
IIOXIES

Edward Berry Of Moscow was Wis
iting his daughter Mrs. Leroy Bad
ger Of Oakland last week
Mrs. Inett Priest and granddaughter
Gwendolin Murray was in Norridge-
wock one day this week
Beatrice Holmes is visiting Evelyn
McNeal of Norridgewock.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
FAST MADIS0N

On account of the rain the antomo.
bile trip arranged for last Sunday. was
postponed till next Sunday, July /
group of business men from the Ran
fist church of Waterville will speak a,
the church. East Madison at IN IA,
Cornville Center at 23O and Canaan -,
7. All are invited.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
NEW PORTLAND

Fernwood Grange met in regular
session Saturday night and one OF the
best meetings of the year was enjoy
ed by large number of members.
Following the usual routine OF bust
ness the following program was car
ried out: Joke, Della Gould; recita-
ton. Maude Mitchell; reading, He
Worried About It, John Monroe, Ques-
tion-Ought America to ship food
stuffs to the Allies regardless OF her
own wants, opened by worthy over
seer, Eugene Strickland, followed by
brothers Monroe, Dunlap, Mitchell,
worthy master sisters Nathalie Luce
of Pennington Grange, Maude Mitchell
and others. Much interest was shown
IN ~ discussir md many points on
patriotism was brought out. Joke,
Harold Dunlap; reading, Ethel Strick-
land, Elvira Niles; joke, LYDIA Luce.
Refreshments of ice cream and cake
were served and a vote was taken to
have same furnished at the next meet
ing. There will also be farce Gen
orally Useful Committee appointed
on the French Relief Fund are Aurie
Dunlap Della Could Esther Luce;
flag committee, John Mitchell John
Dunlap, Perley Luce.
At the special meeting of New Port
land Grange, Saturday night, officers
installed were Master, H. C. Walker;
Pomona, Marilla Strickland; Gate
Keeper, Florence Emery; committee
on French Relief Fund are: Mabel
Knapp, Minnie Walker and Bertha
Emery. There will be a Children's
day at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Albert
Millay next Saturday. The Lecturer
attended the Lecturers Conference at
Norridgewock last Wednesday
L. s. Mcnamara is visiting old
friends in town
Edward Gould, N G. S. M. was at
home for short furlough the latter
part OF last week.
Edna Mitchell of Waterville was an
over Sunday guest of her father Will
liam Mitchell.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
NORTH FAIRFIELD

Mrs. Z. L. Marsh of Providence, r.
I. is to speak at the Union church,
July LIST.
The Oneida club is planning a neigh
borhood celebration July 4th, sports in
the afternoon and play at the Union
church in the evening.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
CORNyILLE

On account of the rain the automo-
bile trip arranged for last Sunday, was
postponed till next Sunday, July 1. A
group of business men from the Bap-
fist church of Waterville will speak at
the church. East Madison at II. 80;
Cornville Center at $50 and Canaan at
7. All are invited.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
MAYFIELD

w. II. Chamberlain of Pennington Is
visiting his cousin Mary E. Flanders.
Will Brown Of Scion is visiting his
brother Perley.
Leah Flanders formerly of this
town, is very i'll with the measles at
her home In Athens.
Mrs. Jennings Bunker was in town
Friday. Mr.. and Mrs. Bunker are
moving back to their home in Athens.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
Church Directory
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH
Baptist Hill. Main Street

Pastor-Rev. o. H. Tracy, D. D.
Assistant Pastor-Rev. Eta Goodwin
Tracy, A. B.
Residence-Next door to Church
Preaching at 1915; Sunday School
at IL; Christian Endeayor at o
o'clock. Preaching service at 7 p. NJ
Thursday evening service at 7.3O.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28

-, Island Avenue
Rev. c. H. Mckinney. minister
Residence, North Avenue
Telephone 114-4
Preaching service at 10.45. Sunday
School at -, r. G. Lord, superintend-
ent; Christian Endeavor at $50.
Preaching service at 7.30.
Mid week service Thursday even
ing at 7.30.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
NOTICE

l hereby give notice to all persons
that l have this day given to my son,
Leland N. WEIGH, his freedom during
the remainder of his minority, and
shall claim none of his earnings nor
pay any of his debts.
Dated this eleventh day of June A.
D. 1917.
JOSEPH N. WEIGH
4w24' St. Adams, Me-
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
HINCKLEY

Mrs. Clara f. Swift is visiting her
daughter in Farmingdale.
Melvin Palmer made an automobile
trip to Chelsea Saturday morning re-
turning in the afternoon accompanied
by Mrs. w. f. Palmer and three child
rem, Norman, Albert and Mary Palmer.
They are visiting relatives and friends
in this place and Skowhegan for a
short time.
The moving pictures at Good Will
Farm Saturday evening for the benefit
of the Red Cross were well attended
and were good.
The Kennebecside club with several
fifteen invited guests met at the Red
ington-Gilman cottage Saturday after
noon. Mrs. Bessey Of Waterville
spoke to the. ladies on Red Cross work
and it W. Bcided to form branch
of the Wan. Willie Chapter in this COM
munity. Oflcers were chosen as fol-
lows: W. p. Hinckley, chairman;
Miss Lottie Tibbetts, vice chairman /;
Ivanella Palmer, secretary and treas
urer; Mrs. w. p Hinckley and Mrs.
Asa Pratt, membership committee;
Mrs. G. w. Hinckley and Mrs. Ira R.
Elliott, finance committee; Miss
Georgia Morrow and Mrs. Annie Pratt,
committee on materials.
Mrs. Elvin Richardson died at her
home in Canaan Tuesday afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. p A. Kicker with
Mr.. and Mrs. l.. P. Kicker and little
daughter Louise are on an automobile
trip to Boston and will pass week
at Bayside before returning.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
ST. MARY'S CATHOLIC CHURCH
Parish of Our Lady Of LOurdes,
Water Street

FIR. ]. L. A. Renaud. Pastor
Rectory adjacent to Church
Tel 55-2
First Mass Sunday at $50 o'clock
sermon in French. Second Mass sung
at 1890, sermon in English. Bene-
diction at $50.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
ADVENT CHURCH

Corner of Madison Avenue and Rus.
sell Street
S. D. A. Church will meet Saturday
at 1.30 for Sabbath School and social
service following. All are cordially
Invited.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
BETHANY BAPTIST CHURCH
Corner Of Madison Avenue and Pleas
ant Street

Rev. George Merriam. minister
Parsonage, 80 Madison Ave.
Tel. 1888
Preaching Sunday morning at 10.45.
Sunday School at IL m. Sunday even
ing service at o'clock. Mid-week
service at 730 p. m. Thursday.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE

Municipal Court Room, City Building
Sunday services at 10.45. Subject
Christian Science.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
NORRIDGEWOCK

The Dodlin Social Club is to hold
picnic dinner and home fourth of
July celebration next Wednesday at
the N. N. Boynton farm on the Smith
field road. A representative of the
Independent Reporter is to be a guest
on this occasion
Notice--Pictures will be shown Sat-
urday night at the Town Hall, 7.45
sharp. Admission 10 and Is cents.
Mrs. william Lockwood died yester-
day morning at the home of her son
John Lockwood in Guilford. The fu-
neral will occur in this village, tomor-
row friday afternoon at two o'clock.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1917-06-28
ISLAND AVENUE CONGREGATION.
Island Avenue

INLAND 4 E-NIL NO-' OFHH n \ \ ~
or SH
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23
AMARILLO HAS CHANCE
TO GET CONVENTION NEXT

That Amarillo stands the best
chance In the world of securing the
1919 session ~ the Texas Press as
sociation is the belief Of local mem
beers OF the fraternity who have re
turned from the press gathering at
Galveston
Secretary Porter A. Whalcy has
received a letter from | l.. Long Of
the Southwestern Engraving COM
pany at Fort Worth In which he
states that he was aereeably surpris!
ed at the strength thrown forward by
Panhandle newspapermen for thel
convention 10 meet in 1918 AZ Ana
rillo. and while Fort Worth captured
the convention by few odds. he
would literally support by vote and
influence the contentious OF Amarillo
at the next session OF the body
Amarillo certainly put up stiff
clean fight he wrote.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23
LONG DISTANCE AUTOMOBILE CONTEST
EXPECTED To Be RUN DURING WEEK

A long distance race, either n 20
mile affair or one of hall hour dura-
lion, probably will be one of the fea-
lures OF the thrce-day auto race meet
to be held on the fair grounds track
June 81 TO 30. in which Art Klein
George Clark. Sig Hugdahl and other
death-deiying dare-devils are enter
ed
Those who have never witnessed
a long distance event. such as the
Indianapolis 500-mile race. will gain
some idea OF the speed OF the ma
chimes f. the pits, in the event now
under contemplation by the panhan-
die State Fair association, which is
conducting the coming local speed
carnival
4 dirt track, with the turns only
slightly banked, is much harder on
tires than smooth concrete two
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23
RED CROSS CHAPTER IS
ORGANIZED IN HEDLEY

The citizens OF lledley. on the Fl
Worth aud Denver 20 miles southeast
Of Amarillo, organized chapter Of
the Red Cross with 81 members
Thursday night Or Ernest c. Mob
ley Of The First Christian church OF
this city lectured ON the Red Cross
work and the different phases of the
war with Germany The sum Of
$3.50 was raised al the conclusion Of
the meeting
The following Officers were elect
ed
President J G. McDougald
First Vice President Mrs. a. j.
Boston
Second Vice President Mrs. u ".
Moreman
Secretary ~ G. Wells
Treasurer J x Benson
The membership was distributed
as follows. Life s. sustaining 4. con-
tributing Z. subscribing 10, annual
"a
Announcement of Rev. r. G. lob
ICY nI'hhlHh AZ iNhI Nldif NdN u'i
aided far and wide by large placard
on which a large Red Cross emblem
stood out In bold relief IN speaking
of the rare ability OF the pastor II
said.
AS q patriotic speaker. Or Mob
ley probably has no peer I'm the Pan
handle. and his lecture In iicdley
will tell us what We wish 10 know
about the Red Cross work and some
war facts You are urged 10 come
bring the family tell your neigh
bors
Rev =. G. Mobley and Mrs
Avery Turner win leave Satur-
day afternoon for clarendon where
be will speak al mass meeting for
the Red Cross The popular pastor
Is being much sought after by citi-
zons Of surrounding towns for his
services as an able organizer and
periector OF Red Cross organizations
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23

by request of win \. Miller, Ir.
the following poem was written for
the a. q NJ locating committee by
sam Morris
ON the great stake plains Of Texas;
Where the prairios wide expand,
Everything YOU see about YOU.
4 prelude of something grand.
Far across yOn rolling prairies.
Like phantom Wild aud strange,
Their, DC spirit Of the prairie.
Rides the mirage over the range.
Through this grand aud matclrlea
prairic.
Whore romance once held the sway
Where the wicked old Canadian,
Mooks the mighty milky way.
Here We see the Lingly eagle,
Rise with flights majestic swing,
Soaring lar across the prairie,
Bui 10 cease with weary VIM
Yet To rest upon the prairie
From the day long weary flight.
Waiting here In lonely silence,
Fu- another mornings light.
Yet IT, vast and rolling prairie.
Where the bison used 10 rmnu.
with the coyote and the lotto
Had kingdom and home
Ou the bosom OF his prsirie.
Like the center OF scene
clothed Boo bcautys rarest Earmcut'.
Sits a iair aud laurhty queen
Near the Patio Dgro Canyon.
Where Rcd River starts to fl0e
l..uugh tl" hills that ECHOED 500.
Oi th" Kcd Aau long ago
Tis tho town OF amarillo.
Where wc have mo- click % clan
Everyone for Amarillo.
Moving like s.uelc man.
llar' 800 tiov tH. rolling prairie
-"n tIr glaw.I of nDwuiur ..F.
DER ihc fields 200 great pfoluauu
O.. flo white IuI golden u.aI.
-ro fuc smiling. waving vu's| folds.
when tho riuIs arrosF them sweep
Like fIr ocean Heafiur bosom.
When th" l..'fn. Mss tur deep
SEQ che herds of gralIur rsiflr
on The IuVeT. Dt5iurcF green
800 with cherry su,w 'ipprd bp...,r.
With their fares white aud clean
Here 400 have fHr hegi If water
From the pure c.ys . fnHu'aIH.
That is stored fOr rs by winter
on ile Ca Rocky Nouufa.U
Du' DD come fD AMARILLO
We viii meet you ol t.' day
i9r e' know down iu on. .eau.
You alll never rue tnr Il..
.is fIr Iueg of AmarlIH
Where vi. have al things f.a best.
Hhnr. f.s .IH shines isaf .u T.as.
O..r far glory ~ fhc West
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23

mile oval. There Is apt TO be- as much
pit work. therefore. In 25-milc race
on a half-mile oval. as In much
longer race on larger course
Forced tire changes. stops for wa
ter, oil and gasoline, often determine
the outcome OF a race. II is import
ant. therefore that the mechanics be-
come expert IN making these replace
ments Until one actually sees them
work. II is hard To conceive TO what
degree they have systematized their
work
Klein holds the worlds 25-mile
dirt track record, but Hugdahl Will
drive Olddold's famous nonstop rec
ord holding Maxwell while Clark sew
eral times has come dangerously near
the worlds lO0-mile track record, so
that race OF % miles, or longer.
ought to prove q battle-royal from
start 90 finish
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23
Clarendon Recruiting Brisk.

Special 10 The News.
CLARENDON. Tex. June % Tho
recruiting tor the Texas National
guard al this point for the territory
OF Armstrong. Brisooo Douley. Gr1.
and Hall counties is continuing At d
brisk rate II WINS b'gun only thu
latter part OF last week and u"s'N
nty men have already been secured
u is expected that ih- company Nill
be- recruited 90 uU strength .g o
short time Lieutenant N3f s Per-
riue of Fort Worth has been sent
here from headquarters 80 Houston
20 assist Captain Simpson 100 the re-
cuitlug work and handling the men
enlisted.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23

WASHINGTON. June II FEEDER.
Il investigators have come upon the
ecret Of Gcrmany's submarine mine
ayers
The submarines are equipped with
automatic mine holders. which con
ain two mines. new mine being
Inserted az soon as one IS laid The
over mine is released 10y spring.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23

Each mine Is fitted with o gauge.
controlled by water pressure. which
holds u az determined distance
under the surface. no matter wheth-
or the tide Is high or low
This makes the mine invisible
and vesselo of ordinary draft caR
pass part way over h before the
bottom touches the mine and cX-
pludcs H.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23

when the upper mine drops down TO
take It's place
The mine has heavy anchor at
tachment fitted with spring As
soon az the anchor standard touches
the sea bottom, the spring is snap
ped. and the mine then begins 10
rise upspinning as d rises thin
cable, attached 10 the anchor
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23

... Hr| Ifl.. ....l.r. .fr.
fI., fl H. bold +lla. H.FHf af $40
af IHs p'FuDI Grand Theatre there
900 Hs "a fifteen uIrBf. sf.r.
e.ff .' fhf 'aI..r.rs .p.assr.. aHI
urrr ff. sH..f.# Indicated
H IHnIf fhs World
Seed
F Ia usHff| H..l.sI.H0a
u..t.. f. IasHU.
N. anaisF .Onr Peri
Ih. fI.f. H..I nr rHfr fEr ..s-
..... u. fHa t...IIY H.f.rsnaI t..
af.H 900 rH.H af. affl.fa. goo
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1917-06-23

Notice % Trafeimr Msn -Whsa
f1u have finished reading IBIS paper
please fHF1s o. or ne car Nfnd0s
90 VII b. greatly appreciated %
fnfkmsn an1 other employees Vho
Esfs unable ~ secure paper before
rs.ng ~ sDfF fhs monlnr TIf
enjoy reading fIf latest Naf ness
Thank 700.
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1917-05-11

&ameraoen perbinoell; iebt Die maf=
ferel1 Shipper, oie, ~muffenlos, 5iui=
id)en eillbo1tet1oen @ranaten Stelllln=
gen balen ols Hiidbalt Ser poroer=
Itcu 2inie = lebt lie ollie, Die ideinz
los, ullgenannt, ungeebrt, nnbe=
freust %mitidoffen am beiligen @erf
Scr @ettung oes Saterlaloes!
So, sic Gettung! Ni6t Inn
Mlllu11cs ulo 2anoergepinns tpilen
lino tie a1sge5ogen, 8ott meiB es.
slber I'M ser Scot bes ringenoen 30
terIanoes lpillen lino Tie %eingeorun=
gell tief in Die 2Gtoer Der @ioer=
lafer, baben lie nit ibrem Wute
geoiingt, ba6en piele bunoetttalt=
}eno &reu5e bier Orallben erridltet
iiber Sen @rdbern ibrer lieben So
ten. Slt oas ungeideben 51 mad1elt2
aiegsredt bleibt &riegsredt. God
bierpon 81 reoen, lit nod nidt Der
Sag. Ser Jelberalle mill nid)t er=
oberll, ober mas er nit Dem Sd1uert
errang, oas miro er nidt raume1l
o6ne Sinn nl1b @elpinn.
Naes bat Der Soloat binter lid
geluorfen; olles, moran feline Seele
bing mlo bongt in ibmer5lid)er,
perlanaelloer 2iebe. ST meiB, es
ntl1B Ieiil- menn linn niebt Dies al
les bei1oelt, eeibanoet, 5ertrete1
tperoen ioG. 0iiaionen limbs, Die
alio 0enfen. allo tun.
Freie Presse fuÌˆr Texas. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1865-1945, 1917-05-11
8reie Yreiit tlr Sous: Greitag ben II. Mai 1917.

les Serboreene 5eidJnet iid) nit Der
un1rillenen alorbeit Don Sdatten
Dor oas iinfenoe 2idt. @eute 1T
6rieoe. Chen tritt ein GROCER Stera
feline bimmliide Nad]t1padc an, Der
areis Der Miible ltebt in einem
ounflen areu5e it'll. Worgen It'll
iiehpn l1hr Sons Mnicr.