Tombstone epitaph., 1917-04-22

for pasture mixtures in the South are lespedeza. bur clover. white clover, alsike. clover and vetch.
 From 70 to % per cent of the total fertiliZing substance of animal feeds Is yoided in the manure. Manures pro duced from feeding leguminous crops, as heretofore stated. are richer in ni- trogen and hence of greater fertilizing value than those resulting from feeds not from legumes. However, it is necessary to apply manure promptly, avoiding all possible losses from leach ing. fire Hanging, etc.
 As has been shown, three distinct advantages result from the growing and proper utilization of leguminous crops: CD They add nitrogen to the soil directly through bacterial action in the root nodules; @ they furnish excellent feed for growing animals and for milk and beef production; and (3) they yield particularly rich manures when fed to live stock.
 Lesumes as Green Manures.
 When for any reason the live stock
  Is not enough to provide manure sufii- cient to keep the soil of the farm well supplied with humus, It Is necessary to provide some crops to return to the soil as a substitute. Crops grown for this purpose are called green-manure crops. Legumes have a great advan- tage as green manures over other l.g, nitrogen of the soil In which they grow as well as supply humus. Perennial legumes root more deeply than grains and grasses and so are more beneficial in loOSening the soil. Where the sys- tem of farming and the soil are such as to make green manuring necessary, it should be managed, if possible, so that one crop each year may be har- vested and still leave opportunity for a green-manure crop.
 4 crop that is sOwn following the main crop of season is called a catch crop. Only early maturing crops such as the grains, early potatoes, etc, are harvested in time 10 warrant follow ing with a catch crop. COwpeas and soy beans are perhaps the best le- games for catch crops in the South. If grain stubble be turned under and the ground well prepared for planting soon after harvest, cOwpeaS or soy beans may still be sown early enough to se- cure a good quantity of green manure: or, where live stock Is kept, the catch crop may be paStured before turning under. After digging an early crop of potatoes the soil may be prepared. without blowing, and sown to a catch crop.
 A crop sown to occupy the ground ing of regular crops is called a cover crop. A winter cover crop Is of value CD in taking up during its growth available plant food which otherwise might he leached from the soil and lost; CD in protecting against erosion soils which ordinarily become badly washed from heavy fall and winter rains; and (3) in supplying good win ter pasturage. Leguminous cover crops, besides giving the above values, add to the nitrogen in the soil. Cover crops should be turned under in the spring for green manure The princi- pal legumes used in the South for cover crops are crimson clover. bur clover, and vetch. IL is a common prac- tice to mix vetch with oats or rye for winter cover crop.
 When the system of farming or the condition of the soil is such as to make 1t desirable to devote one year in rotation to soil improvement, selection may be made from large number of legumes to use for green manure. Cowpeas. soy beans. velvet beans, lespedeza, peanuts, sweet clover, and alsike clover are all good and should be chosen for thIs use according to spe cial adaptation to soil and climate.