Evening star., 1917-05-20

marketing Of the finished animals
Quite naturally in the raising OF hogs
and sheep there Is less transferring Of
the animals from the point where their
production is begun to other places for
fattening. These animals, like cattle,
however, are largely produced In Sec
tfons OF the country more or less re-
mote from the consuming centers. This
consuming regions has been the princi-
pal factor, 1t was found, in bringing
about the establishment Of about thir-
ty-fve central markets in the United
States where live stock both for
slaughter and feeding purposes is
sold.
1t was ascertained during the course
OF the study that these central markets
have been instrumental. In turn. IN
building up large packing establish.
buyers Of cattle for slaughter. Other
elements of the marketing machinery
which have grown up are stockyards
fnwhtch the cattle are cared for and FED
while transactions are being negotiat-
ed; commission merchants, traders.
who sort and sell the cattle by classes.
and banking institutions, through
which the transactions are financed.
Apropos Of the wave OF economy that
seems to be going over the country
and the thought that
Wartime business will not be good
D. during the war, this
o"sAAess' thought is distinctly
contradicted by experts of the bureau
Of foreign and domestic commerce.
It must be remembered, they point
out, that there have been other wars
in the history Of the world-wars al
most as severe-which, il not on as
large a scale, have occupied nearly as
much Of the worlds attention and alb
sorbed nearly as much of its energies.
For example, the Napoleonic wars
transferred the seat OF economic power
in Europe from the continent to Eng
Of these wars, the financial center Of
the world. 1t must also be borne in
mind that interest rates rose imme-
diately following the Napoleonic wars.
Russia. France and Austria paid in
creased rates for loans in the period
following the wars, and rates Of in
terest from to . per cent prevailed
in the period 1914 to 1920. In the Cri-
mean war there Is another Illustration,
because there is period of peace be-
afterward. The war itself was of
comparatively small consequence. The
London bank rate for the ten years
preceding the Crimean war averaged 3
per cent. In the fiye years after the
Paris rate averaged less than per
cent in the period before the war, and
almost "a per cent during the period
after the war.
It is pointed out by experts of the
even clearer. Upon the close Of our
civil war wages began to increase inn
mediately. During the five years, 1866
to 1870: inclusive, the average wages
the war period. and the increase con-
tinued until 1879. In important occu-
pattons in France the average wages
for the five years following the Franco
Prusslan war were as much as Is per
cent higher, and in Germany from 21
war period.
\ X
Offcials in charge of the Indian
service have found that thorough
going and frequent in
Indian Service spection is the surest
r,A: safeguard against in
inspection. efficiency and fraud.
Millions of dollars invested for the
Indians in land, stock, timber, oil,
minerals. etc. are intrusted to the care
Of many persons, who are employed by
Uncle Sam. These material interests
are closely interviewer with their social
and industrial life.
Few understand the extensive and in
innate association which the Indian
bureau has with more than 100000
Indians Of the United States. This as
the farm. and the field. Six thousand
employees come into almost daily con-
tact with them. Every walk of life
and every kind of intellectual and
these p Employee whi1e 'eRs'enesa the greatest sa
care is exercised in their selection, the
inefficient and unworthy occasionally
find an entrance.
It is thought that in the past inspec-
ton has been INADEQUATE and loose.
This fact coming to the attention of
the officials, they Immediately obtained
corps of faithful and intelligent men
with human sympathy and business
acumen. The inspecting corps Is now
equipped men engaged in wedding out
the incompetent. inefficient and un-
worthy in the service. Their duties are
constructive in character. with a view
dians-morally, industrially, and other
wise.
In this connection it is interesting to
remember that Indian schools, agencies.
and projects are scattered throughout
two-thirds Of the area of the United
States, and for the purpose of adminis-
tration this territory has been divided
into ten districts and an inspecting
officer assigned to each. 1t is the duty
Of this officer to visit, at least twice in
each year. every Indian school, reserva-
tion, irrigation project or other Indian
activity in his district. He makes a
examination Of office, school.
and field work. Helpful criticism and
are given impartially where
The Indians are seen in their
homes. at their work, and in their
play. so that an intelligent transcript
Of real conditions can be made by the
of this comprehensive plan it Is the
opinion of experts Of the service that
much of the dry rot infestfng it has
been eliminated, and cases where more
heinous offenses were involved have
been dealth with.
While corruption ana inefficiency may
find its way into the rank and file OF
government employees, the greatest
danger to the Indian lies in the greed
of the white man for his land and
money. Where a tribe has these a
CRATER is sure to be in evidence. He
comes from every breed known to
mankind. and in the past has despoiled
tho Indian with q ruthlessness un-
Under the present system
Of dependable officers many of these
schemes have been ferreted out and
their promoters punished. while other
been discovered and their -voracity
thwarted. It is the opinion Of experts
Of the bureau that as long as tho Indian
has property. with no practical comba-
tive experience, SO long will nefarious
RchemeS against him be attempted