davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
ENTENTE5 GAIN FRO|n GERMANS
 AND HE TURKS.
r7erubIican A. p. Leased wireI

The sinking Of three American steamers by German submarines, with possible loss of life among the crews of two of them: further important ad- vances over a front of about q hun dred miles by the British and French armies in France and additional gains by the Russians and British over the Turks in Turkish Armenia Persia and Mesopotamia are the outstanding fca- lures in the war news.
 The important towns of Peronne. Chaulness and Nesle and moro than sixty villages have been taken by the five miles, and King Georges men are continuing their pursuit of the retreat ing Germans. At some points Sunday incursions into German positions were to depth of ten miles. The operations were carried out on a front running from Arras to Chaulnes.
 Taking up the operations south of ChaIlnes, the French troops recaptured their old positions on the Rove Noun road and including the, important town of Noyon. In this region, northeast of Lassigny. the French have penetrated more than F miles through the Ger man positions oward the town of Ham, To the southeast, the entire first line VI INA ihdilo, iAtihulIiS Niit NiIIStS Oi CarlepOrt, Morsam and NOuVronVingre were captured by the French, while northest of Soissons, Crouy has been taken
 The armies of the Russian Grand Duke Nicholas are pressing the Turks in the Lake Van and Sivas regions in Turkish Armenia and in Persia in operations which seek to cut off the Turks who are being pressed north ward by the British in Mesopotamia Unofficial reports say the town of Van. on the east bank of Lake Van, has bean captured by the Russians and that further gains have been made by i them in the region of Nermanshak. where the Turkish column is reported in retreat. In Mesopotamia the Otto man forces are in full flight toward Samara, north of Bagdad, according to the British war office
 l Several engagements Of more or less Violence have taken place on the front (Continued on page two)
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
AferAUMght Comteyeuce Great Railroad Styike Zs Of
THREE AMERICAN SHIPS SUNK:
 FOURTEEN Al[rIn:G;:ANS Al[rl,:G;::!A!A N|'S MISSING
Republican A. P. Leased Wire)

LONDON March l0The City Illinois and Vane the Vgana Illinois landed safely The American steamship City Mem left Cardiff Friday ballast When had painted
  the ship within fifteen the vessel on the side tearing great hole through which the The settled within During the the boats three picked
  
 The officers believe other be patrol the Il o The Viglania did
  the fourth and
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
GERMANY FORCES VIRTUAL STATE OF FWAR WITH US,
RUTHLESS SINKING OF THREE UNARMED SHIPS
 MEANS CRISIS IS HERE
(By Republican A. p. Leased Wire)

WASHINGTON March 1S-With the announce ment of the ruthless destruction of three mamed Amei merchant ships by submarines, 1t mofficallv ad mittcd here tonight that virtually state of exists between the United States and Germany.
 Technically the United States remains ill position of armed neutrality Whether this shall be changed be- fore April 16 the date fixed for special session of gress the making branch of the government Presi dent Wilson has not decided.
 One step the president is contemplating call for
 immediate session of congress to hear address asking for authority to adopt aggressive measures against the submarine menace Already American ships are being armed to defend themselves the move must be to send warships with orders seek submarines and clear the trans Atlantic James,
 Some of the highest officials of the government hold that the executive has the power to declare that of exists and proceed with aggressive protective steps pending the assembling of congress. There is ndica- on however that the president will follow that course
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19

well as cabinet members were given the information.
 Several hours later official news came from Consul Frost at Queens town telling of the sinking of the City of Memphis, the Vililancia and the IT, linos
 These dispatches confirmed press re- ports but added few details.
 international lawyers and constitu- tional experts showed no hesitancy to- night in saying that President Wilson has full authority to interpret this as an act of war and announced that this country considers that an actual state of war exists by reason of Germany's fragrant assault on American shipping.
 Such action would be subject to the. approval of congress.
 Despite the unwarned sinking of big passenger liners like the California and the Laconia the jeopardizing of Amer jeans on nearly a score of other vessels, and the sinking of three other Ameri- can ships, the Housatonic, the Lyman M. Law and the Algonquin since the unrestricted warfare began, some of ficials, inspired by the presidents re- luctance to believe that Germany would carry through her threat have clung desperately to the hope that some respect for international law might be shown.
 German sea war might fairly be stated, however, to have surpassed even the most pessimistic forecasts here. That she actually means to send every vessel to the bottom that dares to venture within her forbidden zones is now accepted as a fact.
 With tbp T1Ta Pfical cprta inf t11iS country will become involved in hos tilities with Germany, even if only for the keeping open of the sea lanes to Europe, officials are scanning from the various war fronts with the clos est scrutiny. A direct. intimate inter est has succeeded the rather academic attention of days when America seemed far distant and isolated. An advance on the west front in Mesopo- tamia is now studied with the keen eagerness born of a realization that it may have a direct effect on American future history.
 The kaleidescopic development of the last few weeks history has been followed most keenly. The apparent crumbling of Turkish power in Meso- potamia and Persia as shown in the capture of Van today by the Russians following the fall of Bagdad to the British, the unexpected sweeping for ward of both British and French in a wide sWath in the west front the pro Russian revolution in Russia, threats of internal trouble in Germany and China's severance of relations, have served to convince many observers that the beginning of the end is near.
 The German retreat in France is not yet accepted as more than strategic. however. The Russian revolution, too, is admitted to hold possibilities of a counter revolution which will greatly cripple the military efficiency and in some quarters it is held confidentially that Germany still has strength for an other great offensive.
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19

working out the details Of the
 agreement is expected to adjust
 the technical details Of the appl-
 cation Of the basic eight-h hour law
 Tn such way that 1t will be satis-
 factory to both passenger and
 freight employees of the railroads.
 The Outlook Last Night
 NEW YORK, March Whether or nor a railroad strike will be begun at : o'clock tomorrow night by the four orothernoOds Of trairmen remained an open question tonight SO far 8 surface indications went. The conference which began this morning between the lead- CTS of the men and the conference committee of railroad managers with four members of the national council Of defense acting as mediators was still in session at late hour
 No information was forthcoming as to what progress had been made in the deliberations. Franklin K Lane. seCte- tary of the interior spokesman for the mediators and to whom both sides re ferred all inquiries. displayed deep in terest in news of the sinking of three American ships by German sub- marines He refused to say however, whether it's possible effect upon the future of the country had been con sidered in the conference room.
 Equally reticent upon the subject were Elisha Lee, chairman of the man agers committee. and W. c. Lee, spokesman for the brotherhoods. Both
 (Continued on Page Two)
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
CONSUL FROST REPORTS
 TO STATE DEPARTMENT

the latter without warning. The message added that some of the crew of the City of Memphis had been landed that a patrol boat had gone to pick I'D the crew of tEe Illinois
 A second dispatch from Consul Frost stated that 3S survivors of the City of Memphis landed at Queens town and that seven Americans were among the fifteen landed at Schull. The dispatch follows:
 City of Memphis s survivors now landed here, vessel sunk by gunfire, submarine large type, remained on the scene after crew left ship. Re fused request tow boats to land. Weather not severe but threatening. Survivors at Schull included Allan Carroll second officer; McPhers~a. second engineer; Robert Shea, sur geon, John Walkin, Henry Company. Gus Company, A. D. Henton, all Americans. and five Spanish, one Portuguese. one SWede and one Rus sian
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
TRepublican A. p. Leased Wire1


 WASHINGTON March 1S.--Consul Frost at Queenstown reported to the state department tonight the sinking by. 9 German submarine Of the Amer fcan steamer City of Memphis, say ing forty-nine survivors had been picked up and that an admiralty yes sel was searching for eight missing. The consul's dispatch follows:
 American steamer City of Mem phis, Cardiff 10 New York. reported sunk by German submarine, D. m. March IT, thirty-five miles south Of Fastnet. Fifteen survivors landed SchuT seven m. today. Thirty four survivors on admiralty vessels which continues search for eight missing. Will land Baltimore, Con Irish coast. probably today"
 The department announced that a dispatch from Consul General Skinner at London, said it was reported the City of Memphis, the Illinois and the Vigilance probably Vigilancia), all American steamers had been sunk,
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
INTER N|DN|GHT BEF0RE WORD
 GIVEN IIJT STRIKE E OFF'

The details are being worked upon by 2 1olnt committee which will have its negotiations completed by noon, Mir. Lane said.
 The men will get their present pay Tor ten hours for eight hours work under the agreement These conces- sions on the part of the managers are virtually what the employees contended thev would gain under the Adamson law if 1t were declared constitutional.
 Immediately after Secretary Lane had made his announcement the brother hood members sent telegrams to all the general chairmen informing them that the strike had been declared off
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19

The announcement of the man agers that they had yielded ap- parently came as surprise to the brotherhood chiefs for they were n bed when summoned again to ths conference room. Earlier in the evening there had been dis tinctly pessinnistic feeling as to the prospect for averting a strike. Up to that hour the railroads had refused to make the concessions granted and the brotherhoods had stood fast to their detern1instion to strike unless they won their de- r7ards either by the supreme court declaring the Adamsan law valid or by their employers granting them the eight hour day.
 Earnest appeals by Secretary Lane and the other n1sdia+ors 10 the pa triotism of the railroad manaq- CTS, are believed to have been an important factor in bringing about a settlement. The critical situation ln which the country finds itself because or the sinking of American ships by German submarines was impressed upon them and they were told that # 3 strike were per mltted at this time it would be 3 national calamity. Similar pressure was brought to bear upon the brotherhood chiefs.
 Whether or not President Wilson communicated directly with Sec retary Lane during the night could not be learned, but there were reports that the spokesman for the mediators had been in- formed by the president that pa- ralysis of the nations transpoTta- ton system must be prevented at all cost
 The first ntimation that the strike was to be called off was r'Ver to the Associated Press by an official of the conference com nnittee Of railroad managers soon after the letter authorizing what ever concessions might be neces- sary had been sent to the media tors. It was an hour and a half later that Secretary Lane made . formal statement:
 1t had been necessary in the meantime to awaken the brother hood chiefs and summon them from their own hotel to that at which the conference was heid.
 The joint committee which is
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
sAY GERMAN NAR-bOUND GRAFT
 ARE PREPARING FOR DASH TO SEA

from the Boleo Mining company, the French concern which owns practically all of the little city in the Lower Cali fornia hills. With true German fore sight, they determined to make the port, and live through the war on these credits.
 True to their obligations to the Ger mans the French have met all demands for funds made upon them by their enemy creditors. Further than that, however war time relations have pre-
 (Continued on Page Two)
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
Germans Claim Great Shib
 Tonnage Sunk M February

800. Among the neutral ships 61 were sunk by submarines, which is 16.5 per cent of the total in February as com pared with 29 per cent, the average of neutral losses in the last four months
 There is wide disparity between the official figuers of the destruction of shipping in February, the first month of unrestricted submarine war fare, and the figures given out in Eng land. It was said authoritatively in London on March 8, that in February German submarines sent to the bottom in round numbers 490.000 tons of ship ping. No mention was made of ships destroyed by mines.
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
rRepublicsa A. p. Leased wirel

BERLIN, Friday, March 16, (by wireless to Sayville, March 1S).-Mer- chant ships of an aggregate gross ton- mage of 7S1. 500 were destroyed in Feb ruary as a result of war measure of the central powers. the admiralty an nounced today.
 The statement follows
 'In February 36S merchant ships of an aggregate gross tonnage of 7S1, 300 were lost by the war measures of the central powers. Among them were 292 hostile ships with an aggregate gross tonnage of 644,O0O and 76 neutral ships of an aggregate gross tonnage of 137,
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
Administration Pleased
 Because Differences Ended

News of the agreement reaeheo the White House after President Wn- son had retired
 Some officials pointed out that the resembling of the strike orders has the effect of removing the situation under which tne supreme court might decline to hand down an opinion to- morrow on the Adamson law. even i9 Il should pc ready passing this re- fusal on long recognized objection to acting under the pressure of Guress.
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
[Republican A. p. Leased wire1

WASHINGTON. March 1S.--Word that the railroad strike had been called off brought mingled satis- faction and relief to administration officials tonight
 Particularly in view of the sudden increase Of tension tonight over re- lations with Germany, it was felt the settling of differences between the railroads and brotherhoeds removes big menace to proper international preparations for national defense.
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
IMPORTANT VICTORY
 FOR THE 6ROTHERHOODS

NEW YORK, March 1S.-Tte decision reached by the managers at their midnight conference means that the brotherhoods have wen an important victory although it does not bring them all their original demands. By the agreement, it is assumed they vii! be awarded pro rata time for overtime OF the basic eight-hou day which they have been assured.
 Their original demands called for time and q half for overtime on the same basic day.
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19

at more than sl.OO006O The cargo con- sisted in part of provisions. Prior to sailing it was reported that large consignment of eoffirs was also on board.
 The yigilancia registered 4,115 tons gross. She was 520 feet long, 45 feet beam and was built at Chester. Pa.
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19
THlRTY-THREE SURVIVORS
 HAVE BEEN LANDED

QUEENSTOWN, March 18.- Thirty three survivors Of the City of Memphis, have been landed. Two other boats with 24 men aboard are believed to have been picked up. The captain was in one of these boats.
Arizona republican., 1917-03-19

(Continued on Page Two)
The Detroit times., 1917-01-16

The first almanac was printed II
Hungary In 1870.
The Detroit times., 1917-01-16
PICK UP
YOUR PHONE
THE OTHER END
Is HERE
MAIN 4520--

fore, it is impossible 10 estimate.
no present disposition is TO ccnsid-
crably ovsrestimate them.
Our most serious difficulty In
maintaining our export trade viii be
The high cost or production in this
country compared with Europe. The
necessity OF finding a market for
our surplus products. which will he
ONE more imperative when condi-
tons return 10 the normal, Is a prob
lem that viii have TO be grappled
With seriously at no distant date.
we must have export trade and
we must be prepared TO meet foreign
competition The worlds markets
are comparatively bare OF merchan'
disc, so that sheer necessity will
compel liberal purchases by bellig'
erents and on-belligerents; and un-
less the United States is prepared
to let slip its interest in foreign
trade. American capital and labor
must cooperate to maintain and de-
yss1 , it's proportion, "%sN
-
The Detroit times., 1917-01-16
Believe Wars Profits
Will BE Less In
1917, However
LIQUIDATION IN
STOCKS KEEPS bP
Much Inside Selling
Going On In War
Order Group

Henry Clews says in his New
,HcIk Financial letter
The stock market has not yet full
ly recovered from the peace note
effect. Unless appearances are mis-.
leading. there has been persistent in
side liquidation in industrials. as
pecislly the war group, upon the
well-grounded assumption that there
will be no such volume az munltion
orders In 1917 as IN 1915. nor any
such profits. There is no deny ing
the fact that Wall-st is disposed 10
discount 20 some extent an early
peace. As already stated in these
rdvices the mind OF the world mas
distinctly about faced and is now
fxed more on peace than war.
Great Britain evidently does not
anticipate an early end TO the war.
Judging by the fact chat she is about
10 float another huge loan, the big
Eest In history. no limit having az
yet been placed upon It's extent
which gave such an impetus 10 pros
periiy in the United States would in
any event have come ere long as n
result OF the growing independence
Of the Allies IN munition manGfac
turing Great Britain was already
practically producing al her own
munitions. and partially supplying
her allies; while only the other day
British munition firm made a bid
for supplying this government with
heils for one OF our own dread
haughts AZ figures much under
american prices The amount Of
this contract was not particularly
important. but the difference in
Bprices was rather wgnihcaut in view
pf the necessity for increasing our
future export trade
LESS than half OF the increase In
bur exports during the last fircal
ear was due TO munition orders.
which III he mass constituted only
bout one-third OF our total exports
rhc establishment Of peace would
Feduce recent abnormal shipments of
automobiles. horses. mules. leather,
Upper. etc, but these losses would
e partially Offset hy Increase In
otton. petroleum. steel products FOR
reconstruction purposes machinery.
nd the Ike wat the net losses
eouId be TO her export trade. here
The Detroit times., 1917-01-16

fine middlings. s35. cracked corn. s42.
coarse corr meal. s4f. corn and cat
chop. SIS ton.
Fiour--Iobbing pricss Rest Michi-
gan patent. $3.50. TCOnd patent
s.. so: straight. 50 40. pure rye. $3.50:
spring patent. 5000 hhl. In 18th pa
per sacks
On-Raw linseed. ti02 boiled lin
seed 81 03 gal. I'm barrel lots. Kero-
scnc in IRON barrels. 7.5c. red crown
gasoline. isc gal
Hide.-No l cured hides 2ic No.
I green hides. lsc; No J cured bulls
t6c: No. ! green bulls. lac. No.
cured veal kip. csc. 40. ! green veal
kip. 22c No. cured murra,u isc
No. green murrain. lie; No cured
calf. soc; No. green calf. ?sc: No. I
horse hides. SO; No. 2 horse hides IS:
No I faliow. 81. No. 2 tailow. 81. No.
hides. lc on; No. kip, and calf.
Nc on sheepskin Gas 60 amount
WOOD. soc TO ~.
The Detroit times., 1917-01-16
Marriage Licenses

JcGeph Babula. %. Mary Wiates FL
Rssimir Plaskl IS, Stella Oleszyn-
Mairue Brashley. al Edna ocon-
John RaumEartner ~. River
! Rouge; julia Gender. %. same
John a, krusinaki, ~ Rose Dim
Andrew Dirse. rs Mary Jakubiwsk.
Louis. y. Painchaud. 40 Catherine
Jules Beaudry. SO; Johanna Muir.
John l. rudy. 20; Nina Lewis u.
Sakusska. 10
Ira + Little. 2s: Grace Hyslop. %
John cleary. 20, wysndotte; Mary
Niru ~ same.
Rose Janowsky. gs. brooklyn. \ y
clyde y Chamberlin. 3s. Grace
Williams. rs
cv ysiTcsn'y Fronterak. II; MARY
George Grutman. rs Nellie Hor-
Ardochoss Nasondian &c. Agatha
:, , hoesr' ? Henkel ~. Beatrice f.
Henry Lumroth. %, Helma Enton-
en- %
Joe Grzsick. % Hedwis Grosow-
Ska. Is
Howard pinsmau. % Ruby Bald
Edwin Becker. Is Edna spaulding.
Andy Eihrins. %. Mary Kobe. tg
Jules Deeciercz. si Margaret
Ny ckhayFe. rs.
Frank : sampson, az Alma NJ.
Teonl MlatkowskL az; Helen zom-
bro wska. 70
Edward A: Fleming. 20: Kathleen
VI Bateson 20
clyde Eehlcs. II, Worthwhile; Vera
Perkins %, Plymouth
Peter Batt 20, Flare Faiter. IS
Kunna. %
Tony santolla. 20 Emma Mssimo.
Gus Miller %: Anna stesanik. Il.
Walter Chazanowski. -. Francis
Duthiewich, 20
James Edward wilcox. 29 Isabel
wyman Barnard a.
Lawrence l. Newland % Norah =
Mems. 90.
Asa e. wright. 90 wihelmlne Nit
zel %
Noah Rosbury. &c. Delma Lsnzon.
rs.
wadlAw Nakllcki, az Rose Bern
acki 20
Jack Hughes smith, 20 Grace Dali
las O'Mcara. ~
James = hoy 2s Florence Baker.
90
Herman Griswold. %; Juiis Morris.
is.
sidney Rav Montgomery. 2s. Flor
encc Lottie Thurman. 2e Windsor
Jacob Jeaknitcowk. IS. Anna MOI
ano. 81.
Harry Kerkorpan. 81; Alice chuck
erian. 90
Nicls JorEcr Nelson. 90; Marie
Theodore Wczland. %.
Alex Pietrowskl. IS, Helen Ieicm-
bowska Is.
william Dexter Howard. 20 Ella
Y. Brown. %
bruce S. watterworth. a. Ethel y.
Craig. ~.
Harry c. stoudt 30 Anna Gerdei.
o, sysrSo >, rolIander. az narShId
Theo. icmister. 90 Laura j. Nc
Demand q.
William Johnson. ~ Merle NJ Cop
pins rs
Ernest schoensee. 90. Martha Hox-
Paul O Murray. %: Thelma NJ Cor
mon Is
Harry d. Koonsman. - Detroit.
Kathryn NJ. Thompson. 20 Ann
Arbor.
singer. a.
Anthony ! smyth. ~ Roslic
Ne~4rh o.
George Haas. 20. Detroit. Matilda
johnson. o.. Monroe,
Herbert Uall. % Detroit Goldic
Myers. 90 Pimenta. Ind
John Darroch, 81 lucille r. Hobin-
son 30.
Hugo Schmelzle. - Amanda Gianz.
2u.
Joseph Babula. 90 Mary Water.
simon Devcros. &c Mildred Jack
son. ~.
The Detroit times., 1917-01-16
Executives Club Hears Debate

More than 300 members and
friends OF the Detroit Social Execu-
tives' club heard debate In the
Detroit Board OF Commerce Monday
evening between William Gale Cur.
tbs, president of the National Cas-
ualty company. OF Detroit, and DIT l.
NJ. Rubinow. OF New York. both
members Of the American Associa.
ton for Labor Legislation. on social
insurance The debate followed n
dinner, DR.. Rubinow argued that
II wageearners were made subject
TO compensation for loss OF time
thru sickness II would increase the
efficiency in the factories Curtis
took the negative. declaring that
cnSnpulsory health insurance in
Michigan would foster government
paternalism and make wageearners
compulsory subjects OF public char.
ity