davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
HAS ONLY ONE VIEW
Of WARS DURATION
Average Briton Declares Con-
! fIict Will Last Until Eng
]. lands Aims Are Won.
SEES DOOM OF MiLITARISM
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

LONDON. January 29.-How long VIII
Z the war last? There is only one answer
TO that question in Great Britain. II
will last. they tell you. until the aims
with which they entered 1t are won.
Therefore. it ecomes important to
know what those aims are: to know
\ what sustaining causes have turned
every form of energy in this country
directly or indirectly toward prose-
cutting the war: that have led to com
pulsory military service, ana put
5000. 900 men in the field with arms III
their hands
Another thing that the
Englishman will tell you Is that ne rs
not vet within measurable Instance OF
achieving the purpose for which the
count entered the war. He cherishes
no illusions about the German d
fighter: he does not allow -hihtseti W
think that the German is beaten or
that the end of the war is in sight.
What, then. is he fighting for. that ne
holds so dear that he has been "iIi!nS
10 offer his life and his accumulated
treasure to achieve.
Purpose Formulated by Mr.: Asqu1th.
Here is his purpose as Emulate by
Mr.. Asquith: Eve shall never sheathe
/ the sword which We have not llsh'4!
drawn until Belgium RECEIVERS IN -1uli
measure all and more than all that
i. she has sacrificed. until France is aoe-
! ouateIv secured against the menace OF
aggression. until the rights OF the
smaller nationaiitieS OF europe are
pIaced upon an unassaifabie foundation,
and until the military domination OF
prussia is wholly and finally destroyed.
ut these terms Mr.. Asquith later aoaed
Serbia, and then he expressed LOT the
country what was meant by the de-
etruction of the military domination
OF Prussia in these words:
LAS a result of the war we intend to
establish the principle that interna-
.ional problems must be handled by
free negotiation on equal terms be
tween free peoples, and this settlement
shall no longer be hampered and
svayezI by the everlasting dictation of
a government controlled by a military
caste. This is what I mean by the de-
struction of the military domination OF
Prussia: nothing more, but nothing
less"
That is the aim England has officially
set for herself in this war. But ask
the average man in the street who is in
khaki what he is fighting for and the
chances are he will say never again
He wants to make In end to war. He
knows from experience that it is a bad.
bitter business. He doesn't like 1t and
he is fighting it in the same spirit In.
which nurses and doctors fight a typhus
epidemic-an evil to be overcome and
stamped out, withoct regard to pres
ent cost .s
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25

The annual consumption of potatoes
in New York exceeds $50, 000, 900 pounds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
Owes Lasting Debt.

To Prof. Henry U799-1s7S) the world
of science and industry owes a lasting
debt. says a bulletin from the Smithsonian
Institution, for it was he, who. in a great
measure, made possible many OF the
achievements of modern electrical en-
gineering. 1t has been said that Henry.
as one of the greatest physical expert
mentors, did more toward the develop
ment of the science Of electricity than
any American since Franklin.
In the words of DR.. Samual Pierpont
Langley, later secretary Of h Smith
sonian Institution himself:
at was not given to Henry to play in
public the part enacted by Franklin, but
in the first great crisis of the republic,
Henry. the scientific man, was counselor OF
that other great American. Abraham
Lincoln. in every scientific aspect Of the
conduct of the war or the conduct of af-
fairs; and out of the needs of scientific
work on behalf of the government, which
that crisis disclosed. and guided largely
by the suggestion of Henry. many of our
most useful and most important estab-
lishments have arisen"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
Islands Rich in Legend.

Though dour of aspect. the islands
are rich in legend, and they hive left
some small record on the scroll OF his
tory. For centuries there was q per-
sistent tradition that dry land once
connected Cornwall with the Scllly IS
lands. Legendary accounts have IT tha1
this champaign was strewn with villages
and hallowed by $40 churches, known 10
the Cornish of ancient days as Pethow.
SOW, or Lyonesse. and on this fair iand
great and gallant deeds were wrought
which for ages were kept alive by wan
derinE minstrels.
1T is said that the white horse borne
as a crest by the Trevilian family is TO
commemorate the escape of an ancestor
from an age-gone~ inundation by SWIM
ming to the mainland on horseback.
The similarity of the rock structure at
Lands End and at st. Martins Head
gives credence to the story that the is
lands were once a part OF the mainland.
1t has been suggested that the subsi-
dence which cut off the islands might
have occurred about March. $40. a sug-
sestion based on a statement appearing
in the Irish annals recounting a great
CONFUSION which happened in that year
in the south of Ireland. and which
might. not unlikely, have reached Corn
wall and Scilly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
Other Henry Relics.

The painting of Mr.. Henry is, of
course. not the only monument and
relic here pertaining to this celebrated
physicist inc early secretary of the in
stitution. In the collections of the Ma
tional Museum there are his original
electromagnetic apparatus used in
1881. the electric battery used in 1892
to operate his signals. some other ap-
paratus used in 1929 to 1912 in inves-
tigating the laws of magnetism and a
number of other personal relics.
The National Museum is also in pos
session of several busts of Henry, two
small portraits. and. in the park near
the Smithsonian building. there stands
the bronze statue by w. w. Story,
erected in 1883.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
Developed Electro agnet.

Henry developed the electromagnetic,
increasing it's power greatly. and OPP
Grated it by a current transmitted from
a battery through a considerable length
of wire. In 1881 he sent a current
through a mile of copper wire and pro-
duced an audible signal at the other
end. thereby demonstrating for the
first time the principle of the tele-
graph. He was also the inventor of
the principle of the Geographic relay.
which today permits the sending of
messages to great distances. and it was
he who first used the earth as a re-
turn circuit for his one-wtre signals.
His experiments with alternating mag
netic attraction and repulsion produced
the first magnetic engine, or oscillator.
which was the ~forerunner of our mod
ern motors. Henry patented none Of
his inventions. however. but gave them
to the world, for, as Dickerson put it.
Pure science was his beloved. and
he could not make chand of her.
Science later honored him by b~estowing
his name-"Henry"-on the standard
electrical unit of induction.
Meteorological Observations.
While secretary of the institution
Henry inaugurated the system of daily
meteorological observations out of
Wnlcn grew the Cnlteu Stdtes weather
bureau, the daily weather forecasts of
which you read every day. During 1s4s-
40 he established a system of meteoro-
logical observations, instruments were
distributed throughout the country and
within a year about 400 volunteer OBJ
servers were reporting to the institu-
ton. Henry also applied the electric
telegraph as a ready means Of trans
hitting daily weather reports, a method
,,A n MO q continued hU tho inCfifnfinn
until the beginning of the civil war.
On a large map in the Smithsonian
building the daily reports from many
quarters Of the country were indicated
by suitable symbols.
During his active service on the
lighthouse board from 1852 to 1877. and
as it's head from 1871. Henry improved
the existing methods for operations
and signaling. He was also much in
terested in terrestrial magnetism and
acoustics
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
Origin Wrapped in Doubt.

THE origin of the name is wrapped
in doubt. The stands were called by
the Greeks Hesperides and Cassiterides.
but the attempt to identify them with
the Cassiterides of Heredotus is no
longer made. By Solinus they were
called Silures; by Antoninus. Sigdeles.
and in several of the tower records
they were known as Sully OIL Sulley,
which Heath suggests nay be derived
from insulae. The islands are said by
Solinus to have been discovered by
Hamlico, a Carthaginian. belonging to
a Phoenician colony in Spain.
ut has been asserted by some his
torians that the ancients engaged in
the tin trade in Scilly; but the slight
evidence of any large deposits of this
ore in tina vicinity has led others to
believe tina these writer's made Corn
wall a part Of the Cassiterides. Pliny
says that lead was first brought from
these islands to Greece by Madractitus
The first mention of Scilly in Eng
lish history was when the islands were
subdued by Athelstan. early in the
tenth century.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
War On Militarism.

The average Briton has been study
ing the German since the war began
and he now believes that the militarism
of the central empires must be discred-
tied and destroyed if he is ever to live
In a again. He has seen with
amazement the blind obedience of the
German peoples to their rulers, leading
TO their acQuiescence in the perpetra-
ton of almost any barbarity which can
terrify or coerce other nations. He
feels that. SO long as this belief sur
Wives the world can never be safe from
war. and he wants to be safe from war.
He is grimly resolved to see it through
to a finish, but he doesn't know when
and how that finish will come. He is
sure that the time has not yet come.
Everywhere people talk about the
war and hardly anything else but the
war. Thirty months of fighting lave
crystaliized public opinion and clarified
1t anu made it articulate, so that II Is
not difficult to discover what sound pub
lie opinion is 1t is virtually unani-
nous. too. and hat makes 1t easier.
The first thing. then. the average Brit
on wants to 10 is to win the war. and
after he has won it he wants the help
of the world in devising some sort of
an arrangement that will prevent
another war. He knows that the re-
mainder of the life of this generation
and the next will be taken up in re-
pairing the a to the fabric of
civilization and human society caused
by this overwhelming conflict.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
Once Pirate Infested.

"Recognizing the strategic value of
the islands, Elizabeth caused to be
erected on St. Marys a fort known as
the Star Castle. in 1893. an eight
pointed structure with guns in en-
brasures at each point. This is one Of
the chief sights of Scilly. During the
civil war it was a place of imprison-
ment for some and of refuge for
others. In 1645 1t was the temporary
asylum for Prince Charles and his
friends. Lords Hopton and Capel. In
1919 Sir Richard Grenville fortified
here and held the Islands for Charles
II. Parliament finding their trading
vessels much annoyed by Grenville's
John Ayscue to take the islands. Ad-
miral Won Tromp offered his services
to Grenville, who refused them. sur
rendered and was delivered up to
parliament. In earlier days the islands
were infested with pirates and snug
glers. while many of the inhabitants
picked up a living as wreckers.
Of strategic Importance.
AS for the strategic Importance of
Scilly. Borlase wrote. over a century
and a half ago:
TN time of war it is of the utmost
Importance to England to have Scilly
in its possession: if it were in an
enemy's hands. the channel trade from
Ireland. Liverpool and Bristol, to Lon
I don and the south of England could not
subsist. for Scilly, lying It the point
of England, and looking into both
channels. no ship could pass but a
%privateer might speak with 1t from
one of these sounds
To-day the islands are served by
steamers from PenZance. and tele.
phonic and Geographic communication
with the mainland is established"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
View Not a Rabid One.

He doesn't want to strangle Ger
rope nor to destroy or mutiIate her
national life. Neither does he want to
interfere with the free exercise of Ger
many's peaceful e~ndeavors, but he does
seek to prevent her from establishing
a position of military menace and
dominance over her n~eighbors. The
average Briton wants the peace after
this war to be a durable peace, bull
warked by effective guarantees. Brit
ish statesmen. looking forward to the
end of the war, have been for months
e~ndeavoring to formulate the terms Of
a durable peace such as will enlist the
cooperation of all the great powers.
Mr.. Balfour says such a peace can
hardly be expected unless three condi-
lions are fulfilled: 'The first is that
existing causes of international unrest
should be as far as possible removed or
weakened; the second is that the ag-
gressive aims and INSCRIPTIONS meth
DDS OF the central powers should fall
into disrepute among their own peo-
pies: the third is that behind interna-
tional law and behind all treaty ar
engagements for preventing or limiting
hostilities some form Of international
sanction should be devised which would
give pause to the hardest aggressor."
An Englfshman who is now a close
associate of Lloyd George summed up
the British aspiration in these terms:
according as Germany succeeds or
falls to remodel Europe according to its
own will. by force of arms and in de-
lance of public right. will militarism
Itself be proved a success or failure. On
this fundamental issue of might versus
right, therefore, there can be no COM
promise. There is room for negotiation
and rom n vf1fGj zn nm nthnr n0{rt1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-02-25
No Loss of Americans.

A young lieutenant then. Decatur had
captured a small Tripolitan vessel,
Norwich bulletin., 1917-09-22
13s MAIN STREET

chians, who pursued Jason and his ar gonauts. Pola's splendid harbor be- came a Roman possession in IFS B. C., but Julius Ceasar destroyed it for hav- ing espoused the cause of Pompey. Some years later it was rebuilt by the Emperor Augustus at the instance, ac- cording to Pliny. of his beloved daugh- ter Julia. Whether this be true or not, it is certain that thereafter it was known as Colonia Pietras Julia, and became an imporant war harbor. The most impressive ruin in Pola is the vast amphitheatre, erected at the beginning of the Christian era in hon or of the Emperors Septimius Severus and Caracalla. This is believed to be the only Roman emphitheatre whose walls have withstood the raVages of time and of man. The interior. how ever. is badly dismantled and the foundation walls at one end, centuries ago, were extensively quarried by the Venetians who desired the white Is-
 trian limestone for the erection of
 their own palaces. More than 10000 spectators used to watch the naval and gladiatorial combats in this arena. On the upper tier are still to be seen the stone sockets which supported the awnings used in sunny weather. The temple of Augustus, Erected in 1s B. C.. is another monument of an- tiqufdty which is remarkably well pre- served.
 About the middle of the 18th cen l tury Pola became a Venetian city. In the destructive wars which resulted from the rivalry between Venice and Genoa to the control the commerce of the world two centuries later this port across the Adriatic from it's parent re- public suffered often and grievously. It was completely destroyed in 1879, and for nearly four and a half cen turies it lav dormant. It passed to
 Austria at the end of the Napoleonic
 war, however, and it's modern growth
 dates from 1S4S. when 1t was selected
 as an Austrian naval base.
 "Pola lies almost due east of Venice
 a distance of 75 miles across the Adri- atic."
Norwich bulletin., 1917-09-22
STORIES OF THE WAR
Air Combat From Deal.
Deal correspondent London Tin

(Deal correspondent London Times.) Never have the people of this part of
 the coast had a finer view. of a squad
 ron of raiding aeroplanes than they did this morning. (Aug. 22) .-alt was ain ideal August day. The sun was blaz- ing with almost tropical f1erceness.
 Visitors were out in large numbers on
 the parade, beach and pier; children
 were padding and playing on the
 beach, and many persons were enjoy
 ing their morning dip.
 The scene of enjoyment was chang ed into one Of consternation when the blast. of the sirens gave warning of danger. Fathers quickly left the wa ter, mothers snatched their children up from the beach and hastened with them to places of safety, but many remained and scanned the sky for signs of the raiders. Quickly a num- Der of our own machines raced in a. northerly direction. In few minutes rapid gunf1re was heard from the di- rection of Thanet, and by the aid of glasses very large number. of ma in the sky. Telescopes were hastily communicated. and with their aid a thrilling and fascinating sight was re- vealed.
 town one could distinctly see a fierce aerial fight in progress, in which was engaged between twenty and thirty machines. For a time the machines appeared to be all topsy-turvy, and it was difficult to tell friend from foe, so huddled together did they appear. Shells were bursting in all directions, above. beneath and around the ma chimes, while the smoke clouds from the shrapnel hid the raiders at times from view. It was obvious that a raid on a large scale was in progress; and loud cheers were given when one of the raiders was seen to wobble, burst into flames, and nose-dive to earth. far rfv HR HA yxyorn observed to ,detach themselves from the main body and steer directly over Deal, skirting the foreshore. As they got closer one could see that they were
Norwich bulletin., 1917-09-22
ANOTHER MISSION TO RUSSIA.

There is an agitation in behalf of sending a mission representing the American Federation of Labor and others associated with labor in one form or another to Russia fop the pur- pose of counteracting the influence which has been spread throughout k that country detrimental to the real attitude of this country in the war and injurious to the present Russian government.
 Russia in addition to handling it's big problems, of which there appears to be an unlimited number, has had to contend with the influence which has been spread throughout that na- tion by those who have gone back home from the United States and who are representative of the very small radical minority that is calling for peace. opposing conscription and playing into the hands of the enemy They have offered the declarations of some of the extremists as represen- tative of the real attitude of the coun- try and it is not surprising that they have succeeded in convincing a cer- tain number in that disturbed 7coun- try that they are speaking for the people of the United States.
 The importance of counteracting such influence cannot be overlooked. Consideration of what was put forth by the Root mission would be sum cient but that fails to get considera- tion in certain quarters. Russia needs all the. help that it can get. and if such a mission as is suggested would be of assistance in overcoming the Unrest, it should by all means be sent . We must do all we can to help Russia get balance wheel.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-09-22
CANNING
Fruit Juices.

Fruit juices may be made to take the place of butter says today's bulle- tin of the National Emergency Food Garden Commission.
 Practically any fruit may be used in the following recipe: The fruit juice may be pressed out of the fruit by means of cider press. or any other improvised press, then heated in an acid-proof kettle up to no de- grees Fahrenheit. Pour the fruit juice into ordinary l1ct jars, hot bottles or tin cans and handle by the same direc- tions as those for canning the partic- ular fruit itself If poured into mis- cellaneousr bottles, it is suggested to sterilize the fruit juice according to the following process:
 Make a cotton stopper and press in- to the neck of the bottle and leave during the sterilization period. Set bottles in hot water up to the neck of the bottle, sterilize the fruit juice for 40 minutes at temperature of 165 degrees Fahrenheit. Remove the pro- duct, press cork in top over cotton stopper immediately. No paraffin need be used if the cork fits well. If a poor cork. 1t may be necessary to dip the cork in melted solution of wax or paraffin. Fruit juices and apple cider when handled in this way will not "fatten in taste" and will keep fresh for future use.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-09-22
THE WAR PRIMER By National Geographic Society.
Poia, Austria's Chief Naval Base.--

| Poia, Austria's Chief Naval Base.- From it's Washington headquarters the National Geographic society issues the following war geography bulletin on Pola, Austria's chief naval base where that country's fleet is now reported to be bottled up" by the allied fleets of Great Britain and Italy:
 '1n 1920 the population of Pola was about what 1t had been eighteen cen turies before under the rule of Roman emperors.. During the succeeding ten years. however. it grew from 45,000 to 70 00o
 Situated near the extremity of the Istrian peninsula, S5 miles by rail southwest of Trieste, Pola's sole inn portant activity before the war was connected with the repairing, provis- naval forces. The town is virtually without industrial establishments or manufactures.
 The practically land locked harbor Is divided, the upper or northern half being the commercial roadstead, and the lower half (beiow the chain bridge which connects Scosiio Olivi, 6r Olive Island, with the nainland) being he Porto MfiitAre. with the extensive ma
 'The city itself clusters around a castle crowned hill which was once the site of the Roman capitol. The castle Is memento of the days of Venetian prowess.
 "Before the war Pola was annually visited by many American and British tourists. not on account of its strongly fortified harbor. but because of the in teresting and we'll preserved monu- ments which have survived since the days of Roman occupation.
 Its settlement attributed to the Col
Norwich bulletin., 1917-09-22

|of the Gotha pattern. The height at which they were flying was estimated at 1S,000 feet.
 In the bright, sunlit sky it was fine sight, and although heading against the wind they came along in fornua ton, four in the first row. three in the second. and the remaining two little behind. To those who were watching it appeared that they would pass di- rectly over the town, but they took a sudden turn. all the time being sub jected ito heavy gunfire. They passed well to the west of Deal, keeping straight ahead for Dover. They re- turned some 10 minutes later. passing over the sea at a point little south Of Deal. f
 Not single bomb fell anywhere near Deal but it is reported that about 12 were dropped in and around Dover. one at the rear of Admiral Harvey" public house, Bridge street. killing the barmaid. Bombs also fell in the Pri- ory ground. killing two men and an- other fell near the house of Enden Phillips.