davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

Possibilities IN agricultural develop
sent are dependent upon The ehemi-
cal elements contained In the soil, the
climatic conditions ahlrh affect these
and The plant life feeding o. them. II
Is reasonable 10 believe that tho na-
tufai conditions that obtain should IN
dicate strongly What can be done un-
der cultivation.
What dOes Power county offer ia
these thinGaf
The SOIL
Numerous aialyals of the soil from
this locality have determined that II
ia a decomposition 81 lava rock mix
ed slih volcanic ash. These are rich
IN The mineral elements, potassium
s4lls and ph0spnofona required for
seed production. A rich content OF
lime has favored the growth OF Wild
Issumes such a. wlld %iucern, peas aud
cioYern, with The result that nature
has supplied the deficiency In nltrate
salts. the plant food required for yege-
tAtive growth. For centuries these
salts have been stored away around
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

ported by c. #. Eggers and w. r. Jas
mann and many others. These are
the indicators Of possibilities on the
dry farm, and under normal rainfall
and a summer fallow rotation. 80
bushel crops should stand as the
average. Large as the yields are and
have always been, maximum produc-
ton has by no means been reached,
but awaits proper rotation Of cereals
and legumes.
Irrigated Lands.
With the increased flow of water
gained by the purchase Of new water
rights the American Falls project has
become the best Carey act project OF
the west, taking rank before the Twin
Falls tract on this point. Although
hundreds Of acres are already under
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

the nitrogen gathering bacteria that
live on the roots OF the Held pea. A
BIT Of sandy loan, poor In nitrogen,
was selected for the seed bed.
AT first Mr.. Spalding a very much
discouraged because OF the seeming
backWardness OF the crop. The veg
citation had a healthy color but seem
ed stunted. In a short time, however.
the plants began to shoot ahead and
take on a vigorous growth. The bac-
terra had begun TO do their work and
we're supplying the necessary nitrates.
Mr.. spaldIng dug up the roots aud
found nodules on them as big as mar
bles. Blossoms appeared early and
persisted coming til late In the sea-
son. Following them pods formed and
hlfed out. Now. the mineral foods
we're working for seed production.
What was the result? Mr.. Spalding
enjoyed a harvest that yielded him
better than 45 bushels 70 the acre and
a gross income OF S95 per acre. At
the same time the peas had attained
a growth 10 four and i've feet.
In other parts OF the county SINH
lar demonstrations have emphasized
the same possibility. Mr.. John Hadyn
OF Crystal obtained a yield Of IL
bushels OF peas on dry land, his first
crop. In his case, too, incubation
was an important feature OF the work
done. Both irrigation and dry farm
ers are reporting a striking increase
In yields OF barley, wheat and oats
following peas and alfalfa. Mr.. John
Voight was the first to testify to the
superior producing quality of an ole
pea patch. Here oats was a foot tai.
Ter than on a n~eighboring plot moi
used In rotation. From the dry farm
Mr.. Manuel Adolf improved soil con.
ditions by a rotation introducing peas
and alfalfa. NBmerous other farmers
have experienced the same.
Alfalfa Seed.
OF unusual interest is the exper
fence OF Mr.. George Stanger OF Nee
Icy. On his farm an old 20 acre al
falfa field was selected 20 demonstrate
the production OF alfalfa seed. TIT
best known methods OF irrigation wer'
observed In an endeavor to give tn
crop a fair chance. The results werI
astounding. An average Of 1855 pound
or just four pounds short Of 81
bushels 10 the acre was the answe
nature made 10 prove herself. MI
stanger Is selling this seed for Nv
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

feeder lambs and steers leave this
country unfinished.
This Is not an orchard or truck
garden country, though excellent gar
dens are kept by farmers for homo
use. On the other hand this has been
and will continue to be a great cattle
and sheep country and Is and will
continue to be known as a great seed
producing area. A combiation Of
abundant sunshine, high attitudes,
moderate rainfall, and a soil excep-
tionally rich in the mineral elements
that work for seed production, will
not remain u~nrecognized. Just as ii
took men Of vision and courage to di-
rect the first great step of agricul-
tural development in Power county, so
1t will take men of vision and courage
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

cultivation and in alfalfa, development
of the American Falls project is not
well under way yet. The hay crop
is the one big product and diversif-
cation is almost unknown. AS point
ed out before, fortunes are to be made
in the production Of high priced
legume and garden seed. Another
great industry as yet untouched is
livestock breeding and feeding. There
is a place here for the man who can
work into these lines. Power county
is much in need of improved horses,
cattle, sheep and hogs. Too many
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

cents above the market price because
OF its unusually high quality. The
gross returns from this seed crop
we're s1424, or s71.20 per acre. The
threshed hay brought $3.50. increasing
his returns to $3.50 per acre Mr..
stanger Is confident that another year,
with the experience he has gained,
will result In even greater average
returns.
All OF these cases are seemingly I'M
important but because of their very
exceptional features they are all the
more significant. As a proof of this
the very best farmers of the county
have recognized their value as les
sons In improved farm practice over
the one crop system on both dry and
irrigated farms. These farmers are
acting upon these demonstrations TO
the extent hat on dry land over 200
acres will be drilled into alfalfa and
about 100 acres to peas, purely for
seed, while on irrigated land over
200 acres will be planted to peas and
100 acres to alfalfa and clover for
seed. This Is a considerable increase
in acreage over the 10-acre pea seed
plot and the 20-acre alfalfa seed field
OF last year.
Dry Farming.
Perhaps the newness Of the agri-
culture Of this locality. which is be-
lieyed to be the greatest single dry
farm tract OF the west, is what i'm
presses the stranger most. The first
great step of reclamation is just ear
ing completion and dry farming here
Is at the point where, after clearing
and breaking, the seed bed has just
been we'll worked down. Still from
the first good average yields of wheat
have been secured from summer fall
lowing and there is great promise for
better ones. Summer following has
come to be recognized as the best
type OF farming on the dry farm but
az yet cannot be said to be a COM
mon practice. Those good farmers
who have used IL are the optomists
of Power county and justly SO. Bushels
Of wheat explain why. During the
driest season on record here Messrs
G.. O. and III. G. Martens of Pleasant
Valley took % bushels of wheat to
the acre from a 160-acre summer fall
low field. The same year Frank
Meadows OF Little Greek obtained %
bushels per acre from $50 acres. Fiji
teen and twenty bushel crops were re-
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

The greatest possibilities for
agricultural Development n
Poser county undoubtedly lie
along the line u seed products
IN a rotation u crops which in-
ciudes ieKnmes Splendid yields
81 vheaf have been secured On
he dfy farms through fhe cor
rect ues 81 the summer faiiow
system. bat the farmer whose
rotation Includes only SUMMER
faiio@ and wheat has not given
and j. not giving nature a fair
ehaure 20 demonstrate her mOn-
~ making powers FARMERS
IN fkin section all be uiae 70
conserve the great natural
resources of their farms before
exhaastins them % the degree
Characteristic Of older com.
munit.es The maximum 81
production has b. no meana
BEEN reached
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

to perfect and bring to a profitable end
the second step.
Idaho has a million and a half acres
of state and school lands that can be
leased or purchased on easy terms.
Sheep raising on the farm-from
20 to 200 head in single flocks-is
proving profitable in Idaho, now that
the great ranges have been cut up.
Idaho orchards are not assessed
as such until the trees are 4 years
old; until that time the land is re-
garded as non-productive.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29
The Leader Hardware Company, Ltd.

This year the plumbing and automobile de-
partments were added and are now equipped
to give a man anything he wants, Just when
he wants it, and cater to the people who want
quality and service.
The company at the present employs ten
men the year round, and boasts of being the
most up-to-date hardware and implement
business in Power county. The company
handles the following line of implements:
Oliver plows, harrows and disc harrows:
Thomas drills; Mitchell and Winona wagons;
the Western land roller; Champion headers;
Rumely and Fairbanks engines; Rumely and
Advance threshers; Blewett combines: Gar
land and South Bend malleable ranges: har-
ness, and last but not least, Mitchell and Max
well motor cars, and the Star windmill. We
make a speciality in we'll fitting.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

t,he roots OF this great family OF Sid
plants. the family celebrated for IT'S
ability 10 convert nitrogen gas from
the air into nitrate salts through the
factories Il harb0fs nj ~ root system.
Other plants have followed tho
leeumea adding their decayed bodies
10 the soil 10 enrich u with humus,
that portion Of The soil 20 necessary
Tor better chemical action and the
liberation u additional mineral FOOD
from tho ra~ rock. This is the Kift
nature holds for man az be breaks
the Aaxe brush lands. The ali-impor-
faaf thing IL 10 recognize the qualities
81 The giff and 70 make the best oae
of II. One Is safe in saying that hun
dreda Of years of cropping viii not
exhaust the mineral elements Of these
farms but il h even trucr that only
IA few years viii rob them Of their
precious nitrate salts. But just as
nature has added her share Of nitrates
through Wild iegumes 80 much the
more can man improve on nature BY
Introducing cultivated legumes Ia a
.Fotati0n
Moisture and Sunshine.
( Two essentials Of climate for a
healthy plant life are rain and sun
shine. Ia thla respect nature espec-
tally favOra seed production. There
Is an abundance OF sunshine and a
rain fall averaging between fourteen
and fifteen inches, The lowest aver
age Ne know OF for the drlest section
OF The county Is 1875 inches. From
this ID ranges up 10 20 inches for dif-
fercnt parts. But nature has made
up for whatever shortage OF moisture
there II By a very %retentiye soil. The
ability OF this soil 10 hold and retain
great quantities Of water against
evaporation Is what has characterized
Il "a drought resistant"
How does this laboratory OF nature
respond under the operation OF MANI
Under Cnliisation-Pea Seed.
Ia the spring OF 1915 Mr.. Paul
Spalding. who farms Just four miles
from American Falls on the irrigation
p%rolect. drilled In neld peas at the
rate OF so pounds per acre. These
we're inoculated before seeding with
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1917-03-29

The Leader Hardware Company, Ltd, was
organized in the month of December, 1909 by
J. d. Isaak and S. +. Kramlich as copartners
and was run as such for one year, when it in
corporated for 100000 with a capital stock
paid up Of about 100000 from which it grew
until today it has its entire capital stock paid
up, which is due to honest and efficient bust
ness dealings.
The company handles a line of goods which
have a reputation of being second to none and
are absolutely guaranteed. New departments
have been added to ii, until now a man can
get everything he needs to run an up-to-date
farm. In the spring of 1916 the company adj
ded the Timing and Heating departments and
Installed 25 jobs Of the celebrated Garland
warm air furnaces.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12

has dried up should have their grain
allowance increased, and be given a
slightly larger allowance of middlings
Oil meal, tankage or skim milk to pro-
vide the necessary amount of muscle
building protein.
Lambs as a rule will well repay the
owner for a daily feed of grain at
this season, and especial pains should
be taken to see that they do not be-
come infected with worms, or blown
by flies, which may result in maggots
and cause intense suffering and ever
tually death. The latter trouble can
be avoided to large extent by care
full tagging.
Every possible effort should be
made to keep all animals gaining
through this season, as any slackening
OF growth on the part of young stock
or loss of flesh by the mature stock
means material reduction in ultimate
profits.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12

the whole season. Gardening. there
fore, demands intensive cropping and
the work should be so planned that
there is no loss of space.
Not all vegetables have the same
season of maturity. Some reach edible
maturity in a few weeks. Others &C.
cupy the ground the whole season. To
insure a constant and continuous sup
ply, II is advisable TO make several
successive paintings of the early quick
maturing crops. When these have been
removed there may be spaces in the
garden which may be utilized by some
of the late crops. Make paintings Of
Golden Bantam corn and snap beans
now. These should reach edible ma
turity before any severe frosts occur.
Plant seeds of Chinese cabbage,
kohlrabi, winter radishes and turnips
late In July. Plants of late celery,
cabbage and caulifiower should be
transplanted not later than July 10.
Other crops which may be planted late
are peas, spinach, lettuce, endive and
kale. These all require cool moist
weather for proper development, and
do not thrive during the heat of sum-
mer. Try a late planting of onion
seed. Leave the bulbs In the ground
for a crop of green onions next spring.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12

this reason some potato growers be-
lieve that disease is entirely due to
the weather, but as a matter Of fact
1t is true fungus disease. That is,
minute microscopic organisms grow
and develop entirely upon the potato
plants and rob them of their vigor.
AS a result the plants soon wilt and
take on about the same appearance as
when they have been frosted. Fortu-
nately, however, the potato crop may
be protected from destruction by
blight.
The material used for this protec-
ton or insurance" is bordeaux,
though to be effective 1t must be ap-
piled to the foliage before the blight
starts to develop. 1t has been demon
strated many times that by the proper
use of bordeaux the yield Of potatoes
may be increased from fifty to one
hundred bushels per acre during sea-
sons when blight occurs.
For specific directions as to the
preparation and application of Dor
deaux, ask your county agricultural
agent, or write to the Michigan Agri-
cultural college.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12
STATE RAILROAD
RATES INCREASED
INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMITS
SION ALLOWS RAISE OF
FREIGHT RATES.
AMOUNTS TO ABOUT S PER CENT
Glasses Affected Constitute rs Per
Cent of the Total Tonnage
in This District.

Lansing-By disallowing rearrange.
ment OF freight classifcations in what
is known as central freight association
territory, the interstate commerce
commerce commission at Washington
suspended proposed higher rates in
Michigan, but granted a percentage of
increase.
Through adjustments of Illogical
ratings the commission suggested new
tariffs allowing, the railroad men es-
innate, raise of five per cent on
classes of freight constituting 25 per
cent of the tonnage in this district.
In granting these increases in class
freight rates, the commission in near
ly every rate, granted the railroads
more than they asked.
Some of the increases are indicated
in the following table:
Five miles-Old rate, 7.9 cents per
100 pounds; new rate, 16 cents.
One hundred miles-Old rate, 25.2
cents per 100 pounds; new rate. 80
cents.
Two hundred miles-Old rate, 34.7
cents per 100 pounds; new rate, 40
cents.
Four hundred and fifty miles-Old
rate, Alb cents per 100 pounds; new
rate, SO cents.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12
RED CROSS IN NEED OF BANDAGES
Army Surgeons Forced to Use Old
Rags to Dress Wounds.

Michigan has been asked
in an appeal sent out by the state
Red Cross board to begin at once TO
produce a continuous supply of band
ages and surgical supplies for imme-
date use in France.
The need of bandages and surgical
supplies as a result of the recent
heavy fighting and the difficulty of OBJ
tanning raw materials abroad is said
to be so great that allied surgeons
are compelled to use rags and newspa-
pers in the dressing Of wounds. The
need, as American troops reach the
front and the fighting grows more bit
ter will grow greater and the Red
Cross with every county in Michigan
freshly organized is calling attention
TO the fact that no chapter or branch
is really under way until 1t is produc-
ing bandages and dressings in a steady
stream.
So great is the need OF technical
accuracy in preparing these bandages
and dressings, however, that the Red
Cross is warning we'll meaning indi-
viduals and organizations to obtain
skilled instructions before attempting
il. Strict compliance with Red Cross
instructions is highly important.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12
STATE SOLDIERS TO BE INSURED
War Board Will Take Out Policies II
Federal Government Does Not.

Lansing. Reconsideration being given
IN Washington circles to some plan to
insure the soldiers and sailors in the
war, in lieu of pensions, is attracting
much interest among the members Of
the Michigan war board.
The board has been waiting for
some time to see just what the fed
eral government would do.
In the bill authorizing the $4,000, 900
loan by the legislature one of the OBJ
jects enumerated was an insurance
fund for soldiers. For a time some
inquiry was made tending toward
some plan on a workmen's compensa-
ton fund, but the whole matter was
dropped pending action by the federal
authorities.
In case congress does not act, or in
case it should leave out of its consi-
deration the Michigan National Guard,
or other Michigan troops, the state
war board will act in some way.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12
STATE NEWS IN BRIEF

Henry Fallas, of Petoskey, has been
ordered to Russia in company with
two other men of the force of the Sec
ond National Bank of New York City.
They will form bank commission and
be stationed at Petrograd or Moscow.
While exploding powder and large
firecrackers in an iron pipe at the
home of his father-in-law, E. p. Nc
Kean, four miles south of Middleville,
Hugh Mcneil, % years old, Of Lans-
ing, was so severely injured that he
died an hour later.
Dimondale, which has been without
an elevator since the old one was de-
stroyed by fire two years ago, is to
have a new $1,000 bushel elevator, to
be built and operated by George w.
Elliott of Dewitt.
The appearance upon potatoes Of a
pest new to the tuber crop I'm this
state is reported by the department. OF
entomology OF the Michigan AgricuL
tural college. II is the tortoise beetle
which heretofore has been content to
feed upon weeds and vines, but which
now has begun to take advantage Of
potato patches.
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12
USE CARE IN TRANSATLANTIC
Soil Should Be Left About Roots o,
Plants Moved In Heat Of
Summer.
BY ROBERT &. LoREE,
Department Of Horticulture, Michigan
Agricultural ColIeQe.


East Lansing, Mich.-Special precau.
tons to keep plants from suffering
from a lack of moisture are neces.
sary when they are transplanted
at this season of the year. The plant
which may not be sensitive to rough
usage early in the season is quite fire.
quently susceptible TO injury If IL Is
dug up and moved in the heat of sum.
mer without proper measures being
employed for its protection.
In transplanting at this time Of year
therefore, plants should be thoroughly
watered In the seeded before they are
moved. Then lift them with some soil
attached to the roots to prevent injury
and the escape of moisture.
Keep the plants covered while NOV.
ing them TO the garden or field, and
transplant as quickly as possible after
removing them from the seeded. To
prevent the. rapid transpirations OF
moisture from the plant itself remove
at least from one-third to one-half the
leaf surface. II the soil Is very dry
and IL is necessary TO apply moisture
to each plant as IL is set, It is prefer.
able to place the water around the
roots rather than to apply 1t from the
surface after the plant is set. Be
sure that the soil is well firmed around
the roots, and finally draw a small
amount Of loose, dry soil around the
plant 10 prevent the escape q mois-
ture. Cultivate or hoe frequently to
preserve this soil mulch around the
piants-
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12
BORDEAUX REMEDY
FOR 'SPUD BLIGHT
Spray Applied to Potato Plant
Protects 1t From Downy
MildeW.
INCREASES YIELD OF CROP
Treated Fields, In Blight Years, Re-
turn From so to 100 Bushels to
the Acre More Than IN
treated Fields.
BY c. w. WAID,
Potato Specialist, Michigan AgrIeultu-

Potato Specialist, Michigan Agrleultu-
raj College.
East Lansing, Mich.-If q band of
brigands were Of a sudden to swoop
down on the average mans potato field
and prance off with from fifty to one
hundred bushels of the crop, there
would thereupon arise a roar that
would be heard around the world,
home guards and posses would scurry
hither and yon, and the alarum bell
would never stop ringing. And the
neighbors thereafter would probably
sit up nights with shotguns handy to
pot the raiders II. they ever came back.
But while the general run of men
aren't much concerned about the dan
ger Of robber raids, there nevertheless
Is as much need for protecting potato
patches as If this menace was immi-
nent. The potato blight, II II hasn't
begun to get In its work already, may
be lurking near.
This disease, known as Tate blight"
or "downy mildew," is deadly in its
work, and II may sweep n field almost
without warning. The blight is closely
associated with humid atmosphere
and moderately low temperature. For
The Yale expositor., 1917-07-12
STOCK NEEDS ATTENTION
Hot Weather Months Are Trying
Times for Cattle, Sheep
and Hogs.

East Lansing, Mich.-The man who
wants to be human to the stock in
trusted TO his care should never neg
lect them at this season of the year,
say animal husbandry men of the
Michigan Agricultural college.
Here are a few of the things, they
say, which the stockman should never
neglect.
/. To provide an abundance Of pure,
fresh water every day.
2. To give all animals a shady
place to rest. If there is no natural
shade In the pasture, open up the base
ment of the barn, II you have one.
3. To provide a wallow for the hogs
4. To protect the cattle and horses
from files.
5. To supplement failing pastures.
Fresh green grass and succulent
crops are balanced ration superior
TO any man can provide. AS the grass
or forage crop natures and dries up,
the supply of protein decreases, and
unless supplement is provided,
growth OF young animals becomes
much less rapid and there is danger
of calves, pigs and lambs losing that
bloom impaired by their mothers milk
early in life, and which is so essential
TO their being marketed with profit at
an early age.
Cows that are to freshen the coming
fall should receive special care. The
milk flow this winter will be Influenced
as much by their condition ut the time
of freshening as by any other factor.
Where an abundance Of pasture or
succulent forage crops are net avail
able, limited feed Of grain will be
returned many times over.
Pigs and shoats that have been pas
turing on June grass OF clover which