davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-04-23
Mall Boat on the Job.

The mail boat, @. r. Btelman, Jr..
went into commission Monday
morning. This Is one OF the sure
signs OF the early opening OF the
navigation season on the great
lakes. which mariners expect will
be the biggest year in history. The
boat will be in command OF Capt.
Joseph Flaherty and Capt. Edward
MCGOWAN. two OF the best know
shippers on the lakes.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-04-23

PrfRtinS--the plain neat kfnd--fhat
D. F-Ne--Tiuaes Bob DeW S-Sp AS2al
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
shipping basket.

migrate 10 another station. causing
considerable loss TO the growers they
leave. To offset this tendency the re-
port suggests that pickcrs should be
guaranteed a minimum number Of
working days within the limits of the
normal harvesting season.
Last season the heaviest shipments
took place between May 10 and May
70. While this may be a little later
than the average, IL is probable that
In most years the strawberry move
ment VIII reach its height about this
time. During this period. growers in
Norfolk, Va, i'll the Carolinas and in
tennessee. three of the most import
ant producing sections in the United
states, make their heaviest shipments
New York and the district around il
received more CARROTS of Strawberries
than any other city Chicago came
next. Boston third. Cincinnati fourth
PITTSBURGH fifth. and Philadelphia
sixth The relatively small number OF
cars OF Strawberries shipped to Phila-
delphia is accounted for in part by the
tact that this city receives large guam
titles OF Strawberries from nearby
districts which are shipped in less than
carload lots. Many small towns. the
report says. which do not now receive
full CARROTS of strawberries could prob
ably be turned into profitable markets
to the advantage Of both the straw
berry grower and the consumer.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
FACTS FOR VIRGINIA FARMERS

ELACkSBURG. VA. May GOV j.
Schocnc. state entomologist. has this
to say to the bee Keepers of Virginia:
This Is the year that tho bee keep
crS should recover the losses that they
sustained last season because of un-
favorable weather. There will prob
ABLY b" shortage Of sugar in the
United States in the near future. and
there viii be need for all the honey
that can be produced This offers IN
opportunity To tho bcc keeper to en-
tend his business in such way as
Ia max" IL OF lasting benefit to HIM
self. while he il at the same time do
inS patriotic duty. 1t is. therefore.
suggested and urged that you increase
your apiary as much as is consistent
with getting fajr crop per colony. and
especially that yoh manipulate the bees
So as 10 obtain maximum yields.
II has been learned by correspond
ing with several hundred bee keepers
IN TINS state that fully 90 per cent
OF the bee Keepers experience some
KIND OF difficulty with their bees.
There has been good many com
plants about moths. and from some
localities disease has been reported.
Also number OF persons have lost
SOM. Of their colonies because they
were unable To control swarming.
hcSc and many other troubles can be
greatly reduced or avoided by the use
81 modern hives and proper under
standing Of the principles OF bee cul-
tIie.
AS "a rule. bees in box hives produce
Tor The bee keeper about ten pounds
per &c Tony, whereas. bees in movable
frame hives, properly managed, will
average NIFTY Ia 100 pounds of comb
h"hy the same season. There are a
nIm,cr Of bulletins available for free
distribution which tell how to transfer
bees and how they should be managed
10 secure the greatest amount Of honey
Even where people have only one
or TWO colonies of bees, these should
produce quantity Of table honey and.
IN addition. surplus for cooking.
Owing to the high price of sugar. per-
sons having only Il few colonies Of
hecs should take pains TO see that
these are in condition to gather the
nectar during the time of honey flow.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
TEXAN THOUSANDS ASK
CHANCE ON FIRING LINE
hangers and Cowboys. Expert shots.
Rcady to OHer Services. Declares
"reaos" Ritchie. as Leader.

WASHINGTON. May 2o.-Twcnty
thousand Texas rangers and cowboys
fully equipped and mounted for field
service. will be offered to Secretary OF
War Baker this week by Texas"
strong man. Richie says he cap pull!
fourteen tons OF freight anywhere
around any town. and he's got a few
more strong men just like him who
are just dying for the chance to face
the Germans.
ltitchic has just arrived in Washing
tonn. and expects To be here for about
month. His wife will be here soon,
too. Ritchie has been travelling around
the country giving recruiting talks.
and his wife has been aiding the Red
Cross. Ritchic makes the young fell
lows feel that they would rather 20
10 war IMAM stay at home. because he
shows them they are in more danger
here than they would be on the battle
line in France
Ihese men he wants the government
TO mobilize in several training camps
are all expert shots. They want 10
fight. but they do not want to enlist in
the militia. he says. They can shoot
better on horse than they can steady
ing their elbows against old Mother
Earth, he says. They are scattered
through the Southwest and West. but
IL would take only six weeks TO gather
the whole crowd anywhere in the
United States that the government
wants them lie would call them the
National Texas Rangers. and Just as
they have struck fear in the hearts OF
many Spanish speaking persons. so
they believe they would strike the
Germans. They don't fear death. he
says. They will not stand for an ar
gument-its fight or quit
if the Secretary OF War will pcrmi,
me TO assemble these men. and then
send them TO France. you couldn't keep
them In the trenches"
The men now are scattered going
about their daily tasks OF riding and
shooting. They can shoot with either
hand. They are in Texas. Oklahoma.
Arkansas. Arizona New Mexico. Ne
vada. Utah. Colorado. wyoming and
Montana.
Richie has volunteered his services
TO be used by the government in any
way II sees nj. He will do anything.
and while waiting for war assign
ment is trying TO get tho young men
In some branch OF the military service.
lie says IL YOU can't get into the rceu-
lar service. then go into the militia: II
you don't nj there. then raise food for
the young ones who 20 to war: IL YOU
don't do that. get out and help the
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
Facts for Farmers, Stock
Breeders, Poultry Raise,s.
Orchardists, Truckers and Gar
deners...Queries and ANSWERS
MARKETING STRAWBERRIES

\ report Of the detailed study of the
ma rketinS and distribution OF straw
berries made by the United States De-
partmeut OF Agriculture contains much
interesting information. The material
for this report WAS obtained last year.
but the informant contained In II is
believed 10 hold true year after year,
and can he made use Of next year.
The investigators found that with the
increase of the Importance OF the in
duStry more elaborate methods for the
DISPOSAL OF the crop have become neces-
Sary. Practically every important pro-
during section has one or more import
ant marketing association. These or
ganizations relieve the grower Of many
or the details connected with the dis
posal OF his crop, and III some cases
even maintain a labor bureau for Sc
curing the much needed help during the
picking season. In certain eases. too
a number of local organizations by CON
certed action have secured "A high de-
gree of uniformity in the grade and
pack of the berries. which is reflected
in the better price obtained on the
markets.
The expenses Of these associations
may lie classified into certain we'll
defined items. viz: the salaries Of the
the other officers. the inspec-
tors and the necessary help. the rental
" ''NNo oh ioaulIlS SlltuS. appreciation
or the property belonging to the asso-
cia ton. the stationery. hostage telc
< rams. and other miScc llancouS items
Inc money 10 meet these costs is Sc
cured either by charging the grower
nAed sum per crate or else a certain
percentage or the gross returns. Ere
duentiN there is a surplus which is re-
FUNDED TO the members after the shin
ping season is over.
Another difficulty that has increased
with the development of the industr.
and the growing practice Of shipping
over long distances is the
scarcity or labor at picking time. In
order that the berries shall reach a
Instant market in good condition. It Is
necessary to pick them regularly ana
at the proper time. The demand for
pickers is. therefore. very great. On
the other hand. idleness. due to few
rainy days. may cause the pickers TO
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
CARE OF HEN AND CHICKS

The proper brooding of chickens Is
one OF the most difficult operations on
many poultry farms. especially for the
beginner. Many poultry Keepers who
are able TO obtain good egg yields and
fair matches make a failure of brood :
ing chickens. either in raising only n
Matched or in failing to rear strong.
vigorous birds which develop into good
breeding stock. BroodinE is still in
the experimental stage and no one
system has given perfect Satisfa ction
Setting hens should be confined to
Slightly darkened nests at Matching
time, and not disturbed unless they
step on or pick their chickens when
Matching, i'll which case the chickens
should be removed as soon as dry i'm
Il basket lined with flannel or some
other warm material. and kept near a
hre until all the eggs are Matched; or
the eggs may be removed and placed
under quictcr hen whose eggs arc
Matching at the same time
An incubator may also be used to
keep the earliest-hatched chickens
warm, III case they are removed from
the nest. II the eggs hatch unevenly,
those which are slow in Matching may
be placed under other hens as hens
often get restless after Il part of the
chickens are out, allowing the remain
ing eGGs TO become cooled at the very
time when steady heat is necessary.
Remove the egg shells and any eggs
which have not Matched as soon as the
Matching is over. Hens should be fed
as soon as possible after the eggs arc
Matched. as feeding tends to keen them
quiet: otherwise many hens will leave
the nest. In most cases II is best that
the hen remain on the nest and brood
the chickens for at least twenty-four
hours after the Matching is over.
Powder the hen with good insect
powder before moving her and the
chickens to the brood coop. The hen
should be busted every two weeks, or
ems are weaned. II lice become thick
on the chickens, or IL they are troubled
with head lice" very little grea Sc
such as lard or vaseline, may be an
piled with the fingers on the head.
neck, under the wings and around the
vent. Great care should be taken.
however, not TO get too much grease
on the chickens, as 1t will stop their
growth, and In some cases may prove
fatal.
The brood COOP should he cleaned al
least once a week and kept free from
mites If mites are found in the coon.
il should be thoroughly cleaned and
sprayed with Kerosene oil or crude
petroleum. From one to two Inches of
sand or dry dirt thin layer of
straw or fine hay should he spread on
the floor of the coop. Brood coops
should be moved weekly 10 fresh
ground. preferably where there is new
grass. Shade is very essential in rear
ing chickens. especially during warm
weather; therefore. the coops should |
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21

900 hills per acre. assuming nearly
a perfect stand With one and half
pounds per hin, VIC would have a field
OF 100 bushels per acre. a Weld worth
STRIVING Tor by the ajority Of farm
erS.
Now it may he that the Hill with
me three or four good ,ubers will not
oreeu true, but the chances are that
VIII! The offspring OF this hill is
almost certain TO produce a certain
percentage Of small tubers. but ". NAV
count upon II that i, will produce A
lesser percentage of small tubers than
The average hill.
The above facts that have given
are entirely accurate, ana, what IS
more TO the point. they may be pu,
INTO application by any farmer Of ordi-
nary intelligence with the effect of
largely increasing his potato Yields
provided always that he uses proDcr
methods Of seed preparation. pl,nt;rr
and tiUaGe. While only medium
amount of intelligence Is necessary. I,
dofs REQUIRE enthusiasm and detcrmi.
nation
what farmer should do q. no,,,o.
digging time is TO dig q fair.sized
h"tCh, leaving each hill hy itself
Afier the patch ls dug. he should care
fuilN 30 over the patch and sclccc, on,
those hills that have few tubers Of
good size. The tubers from those hills
lac away for seed for the wear fol-
lowing n he is particular he may
not be able 20 md more than ten
mus to ms liking. In tho sprinStime
these should be treated by themselves
and planted in separate patch The
second years produc, from the ton
hills will be sufficient TO plant ouite
piece of ground, perhaps as much as
tho farmer desires
II the farmer wants 10 follow q
method even better and more accurate
Than this. he should plant each of the
ten hills in little plat by itself This
requires that each hill viii be sacked
separately al planting time. IL the
ten plats show up about equal value
and all good. II is not necessary to
keen them longer separate. but the
uroduct-of the ten plots may be sacked
together and saved to plant the main
patch the year following. II two or
three Of the ten plants are off. these
should be discarded and the good plats
saved. II an occasional farmer fol
lows the method here laid out, he viii
soon find that his ncighbors will be
af,er him for seed. and they viii be
willing to pay him bonus for them.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
TECHNICAL CONDITIONS
ACCOUNT FOR CHANGES
Fresh Inquiry for Steel md Iron Issues
Awakened by Increased In
dustrin1 Activity
10y Associated rrcssl

by Associated Prcssl
NEW YORK, May 2O.-rechnical
conditions again accounted to con-
siderable extent for some of the inn
portant changes that accompanied the
enlarged operations Of the week in tho
stock market. The many signs OF in.
creased industrial activity awakened
an inquiry for steel and iron issues
and the general list Of equipments and
munitions.
While no official announcements have
been made. ii is understood In trade
circles that several large contracts for
supplies were consummated recently at
prices which bore no suggestion Of
oppression on the part Of the Federal
authorities.
Another favorable factor of the week
was the let-up in liquidation OF rails
and utilities. although motor issues
were under Increased pressure.
Betterment i'm rails was assisted by
more encouraging crop prospects and
a weli-deiined belief that the Inter
ate Commerce Commission soon will
dccede In part 10 the demands OF the
railroad companies.
The change in the stock market
came more Immediately from the loan
made by the government 10 Russia
Prior to that development, exchange
on Petrograd declined TO new low
level. and Russian bonds became
acutcly weak.
investors continued to show much
uneasiness over the course of revenue
legislation. Affirmation by the lower
house of the retroactive clause afforded
an excuse for much realizing in the
later demands of the week.
Issuance by the Treasury Depart
ment OF another 500. 0OO. 900 of certih-
Gates and the disbursement of add
tional moneys to this country's allies
created no change in domestic none
tary conditions Home trade showed
slight recession from the high crest
OF recent months. but all mercantile
demands were met without strain
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21

from all OF the hills and put them all
together. lie does this complacently
and with satisfaction. His fathers did
II before him. and all of his neighbsrS
DO it, Why should not he? Along in
January he will begin TO read the seed
catalogues and wonder why on earth.
or under II. he cannot raise such SPLEEN
did crops OF potatoes as he sees pic
tured.
Now. the point I am getting at is
that our variety is not unit. In our
100 hills that we have dug close study
might reveal the presence OF at least
ten strains or varieties, instead Of the
one that we thought we had The hill
that bore the little runts has the runt
character as a habit. !, is going to
persist for years, and every time we
plant seed of that strain we will know
20 certainty that we will harvest
!ittle potatoes. The hill that produced
one or two large and several small ones
IS common feature of potato fields
II is good deal like most people l.,
IS neither very bad nor very good. II
is just medium.
The hill that bore three or four good
sized tubers is the one to fastcn our
eyes on, That is the hill that has abil-
ity and the one that we should get next
TO- Many farmers will say that we
cannot get good crops il potato hills
90 not contain more IMAM three or four
tubers. This is where they are short
on arithmetic.
We Will assume. for the sake OF
argument. that we have three tubers
10 every hill. and that the total
weigh, Of the three tubcrs is one and
half pounds There is nothing alb
surd in this. for often an individual
luher VIII weigh more. We will fur
Their assume that our rows are three
and half feet apart. and that our
hillS are two feet apart in the row
rms IS open planting. probably more
open than is commonly practiced At
this rate OF planting, there will he
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
Weekly Bureau of In
formation for All Who
Till the Soil or Are In
terested in Making Homes
THE REAL SECRET OF GOOD
POTATO CULTIVATION

It Is said that one mus; start with
ones grandparents il satisfactory
human being is 10 be produced. Like
wise in potato culture. one must start
at least with tho parents of the potato
IL the maximum crop is TO be pro-
duccd
1t is common belief that If we
purchase variety of potatoes from a
seedman. that We have secured just
one variety. This is true in a measure.
II the seedman is reliable. he will
send us lot OF potatoes that is uni
form in regard to color, depth OF eyes.
varliness of maturing and other quail
'''~s But unless this particular lot
sas been podiEreed which is unlikely,
mon the scedman has not sent us one
i.,iur, but many things.
The farmer can demonstrate this
fact to his own satisfaction. Al dig
rine time let him lay off a portion of
row containing 100 hills. In order TO
show this, each hill must have come
from only one piece of seed. The 100
hills are dug and the tubers OF each
hill are kept by themselves on top
NJ the hill. The products of the 100
hills are now ready to he studied. st
nrs' glance. tho hills may appear to
run very uniformly. y little closer
view will reveal the fact that about
the only thing that is uniform is that
they arc all potatoes.
The first hill has one large one. two
mediums sized ones and half a dozen
small ones. The next hill has one
mediums one and several small
ones, Perhaps the next hill has three
o. four good sized ones. Another hill
has 4 solitary tubcr. but of good size.
Perhaps another hill has nothing but
little runts. Thus il goes through the
100 hills.
Now, ] am sure that the ordinary
farmer-that ninetynine farmers out
of every loo--will pick up the tubers
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
WEEK SEES WIDE
RANGE IN COTTON
IRv Annotated Pr.s,.l

nv HS>OCldtcU ITcss
NEW ORLEANS. May 2o.-In IN.
cotton market last week the lowest
prices were made around the opening
and the highest on the close. In the
early part of the week political news
was against values. but later it worked
with the bull element. \ buying wave
developed on poor crop accounts. tho
apparent checking of submarine ac-
tivitics and better spot demand and
prices were put TO the highest levels
since last December. Right on the
close fear of wet weather nut the fin.
ishng touches 10 the upward move
ment. and last prices were within "a
couple Of points of the top
Al the highest the trading months
were l01 to 40 points over the
previous weeks close. and July was
sent TO 20.o0 cents pound. At the
lowest the market was seven TO nine
points under the previous weeks close:
the range was lis to IA. points In
the spot department mddling rose
forty-foui points to c0.I3 cents.
Crop reports were featured by their
mention Of the damage done by alb
normally low temperatures. and good
part Of the buying was based on the
belief that the first government report
of the season carrying the crop down
TO May %, will be bullsh. Much re-
planting was reported. and in not a
rev instances IL was claimed that cot
ton fields were being plowcd up and
replanted TO corn, beans and other food
and feed crops
The smaller tonnage losses in Euro
pean waters. together with the news
that both American and Japanese war
ships were doing patrol duty in the
war zone. excited the hope that the
export outlet for cotton would again
De opened up. AZ one time il was said
that both Russia and Japan were buy
ing cotton on this side
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21

be placed in the shade whenever pos
sihle. cornficld makes fine range for
Young chickens, AS. owing to cultiva-
tion or the ground. they get many
bugs and worms and have fresh soil to
run on most of the time and eniov
abundant shade
All the chickens should "a. ,no
punched or marked before thew are
transferred TO the hrooder or brood
coop, so that their ages aud breeding
readily can be determined after they
are matured. Farmers frequently keen
old hens on their farms and Kill Tho
younger hens and pullets because they
are unable 10 distinguish between
them after the pullcts have maturcd
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
FIRE IN CARNEGIE HOME
Defective Range Cnuaes ,Iuch E.cite
ment, md Cook In Fatally
Burned.

NEW YORK. May 2o.-Considcrable
excitement was caused among the en-
ploHecs OF the home OF Mr.. and Mrs
Andrew Carnegie, at Fifth Avenue and
Ninety-second Street. to-day. when
sheets or flame burst from Il defective
range. The fire was cXtinguished in
a rev moments, and the damage was
slight. Two employees were burned
one. Vera Swanson. twenty-five years
old. cook, so severely that her life
is despaircd OF. William Gilliland, an
engineer in the house. received less
severe injuries when he ATTEMPTED TO
save the girl.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
WOODSIDE PARK RAZED
Forty buildings Destroyed md Loss of
S2N,oOO Caused T.! Sunday
blaze,

PHILADELPHIA, May 2o.--..bout
forty buildings were destroyed with
an estimated loss OF 100000 when nre
to day RACED Woodside Park. popu-
lar summer amusement place of Phila-
dclphia. situated on the western boun-
Diary Of FairmoUnt Park Details of
assisted in lighting the
flames with tho hrcmen. three OF whom
were overcome.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
HOLDS DOOR OPEN

simple device may he made which
IS useful for holding doors open when
the old-fashioncd lock is used Take
half inch board, eight inches long
and three inches wide and shane /,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
WHY VIII Ibnx.

Try getting the boys interested in
Keeping farm records They will watch
the returns from their favorite stock
or crop. and incidentally will learn
some practical arithmetic. Find some
way to keep record OF your business
1t VIII pay In more ways than one
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21

the wise farmer knows he can ONLY
MI mas sranaries by cmptying his seed
bags.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21

When the Lord made some men He
put the hairspring In the brain and the
handspring In the mouth
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1917-05-21
USEFUL GUARD

y guard. consisting OF two hooked
bars pivoted in front of the nose and
attached by straps. is very handy to
have around the dairy farm. 1t pre-
vents calf from sucking it's mother:
Keeps the COW from going through