davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
TEARS IN HIS EYES, AMBASSADOR
BERNSTORFF ASSERTS THAT BREAK
WAS ONLY THING LEFT FOR U. s.

him over the wire "Are you sure
We1l maybe that is right. No, I
have no comment to make and moth
ing to say
Confirmation of the information
quickly was obtained and then the
AMBASSADOR informed Countess Won
Bernstorff of the news. On return
ing he explained how sorry he was
that the break had come and add
ed:
ST am not surprised. My govern
ment will not be surprised either. The
people in Berlin knew what was
bound to happen if they took the ac-
ton they have taken.
However, I have simply been here
to carry out the orders Of my gov
ernment. I have had no official in
fornhtion either from my govern
ment or from the United States since
I presented the note which brought
this about
Attaches of the embassy were call
ed to the ambassadors library i'm
mediately afterward and were told Of
what had happened. Many began
preparing to remove their personal
effects. The embassy itself quickly
became silent. The clicking of type
writer's ceased and clerks stopped
working to talk Of possibilities OF
war and how they were going to get
back to Germany.
In the mind Of every person in the
embassy, from the ambassador down
to the butler, there is now and always
has been the conviction that the sew
erancef Of diplomatic relations between
The United States and Germany could
be followed by nothing else than war.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
y l1a.gf.4 ~ !
Bridgeport Naval Militia
men Ordered to Form Fly
ing Corps at Once and
Make Preparations for
Sending Five Men to
Training Station.
Government Likely to En-
ploy Lordship Park For
Base and Military Train
ing Will Begin at Once
Orders Anticipated
Break.

Orders were received in this city
yesterday from the war department
for the Immediate formation of an
aeronautic section of the Connecti-
cut Naval Militia, for which full
equipment consisting of hydroplanes,
hydroaerop1anes, Lewis machine
guns, hangers, ETC., will be furnished
by the government, as soon as one
licensed flyer has been accepted as an
officer by the federal authorities.
The instructions also order the
sending of one officer and four men
to the training station at Pensacola,
Fla, for three months, beginning
March 1, all expenses and regular
government pay to be included.
Tire orders received by Commander
Cassius Barnes, Of the Connecticut
Naval Militia yesterday. emanated
from the Naval Militia division of the
Navy Department at Washington.
They are most explicit in form and
give Bridgeport as the aeronautical
base Of the state militia.
Headquarters will at once be estab-
Isfled by Lieut.. Albert J. Merritt,
head of the ordnance department OF
the Connecticut Naval Militia, at the
local armory and the first examina-
tions of applicants for enlistment will
! be held at the arnlory on Friday
night.
1t is believed that within a week the
Bridgeport section will include four
licensed aid pilots who own their fly
Ing machines and that enlistment will
be fairly well completed for work in
this interesting division
sCommander Barnes who was in con-
ference yesterday with Lieut.. Merritt
in this city is known already to have
tentatively accepted offers of the Will
kenda Land Co. to use a portion OF
the Lordship beach and meadow tract
for the station.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03

Washington, Feb. 3.-Count Won
Bernstorff, the German ambassador,
apparently was much affected when
he learned that a diplomatic rupture
between the United States and Ger
many had come.
When the information came to him
his eyes moistened and he said to a
correspondent of the Associated
Press:
"I'm so sorry. However, I expected
it, There was nothing else left for
the United States to do. I wonder
how I am to get home.''
The ambassador and other officials
Of the embassy seemed to feel this
morning that thu break was immi-
nent, although they said they had no
definite information that it was COM
ing.
The first question asked sy Count
Won Bernstorff of his first caller today
was whether any definite action had
been taken. When informed that no
information was available he quic}l ly
began to talk of other related subjects,
especially what prospects of peace
would remain should the United
States, sever diplomatic relations. He
said he believed that even if a break
should come President Wilson would
continue his efforts to restore peace
to the world, possibly through the
Swiss government. It was during this
discussion that his private telephone
rang.
"You say relations have been
broken off and that the president is
going to congress at 2 o'clock ?'', he
asked, in response to what was told
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03

More than a score Of American di-
plomats are in Germany or German
possessions and these probably will
make arrangements to leave as soon
as possible. s
The list is headed by James w
Gerard, of New York city, ambassa-
dor at Berlin, and includes as en-
bassy secretaries, Joseph @. Grew of
Massa chusetts, Hugh r. Wilson of
Illinois, and Alexander G. Kirk of
Illinois; also consul generals, Henry
c. A. DENIM of Tennessee, at AK la
Chappele; Mason Mitchell of New
York at Apia, Samoa; George Eugine
Eager Of Illinois, at Barmen; julius
c. Lay of the District Of Columbia, at
Berlin; William T. Fee, Of Ohio. at
Bremen; Harry q. Seltzer, of Penn
asy1vania, at Breslau; John I. Wood, OF
Hawaii, at Chemnitz; Emil Sauer. OF
Texas, at Cologne; Leo A. Bergholz,
Of New York, at Dresden; Henry c.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
MORE THAN SCORE OF AMERICAN
DIPLOMATS IN TERRITORY over
WHICH GERMANS HAVE CONTROL

Won Struve, of Texas, at Erfurt; H.
w Harris, of Ohio, at Frankfort;
Henry III Morgan, of Louisiana. at
Hamburg: Talbot J. Albert, of Mary
land at. Hanover; Milo A. -Jewett, of
Massachusetts, at Kiel; William P.
Kent, of Virginia, at Leipzig; Alfred
w. Donegan, Of Alabama, at Magde-
burg; Cornelius Ferris, Jr., of Color
ado, at Mannheim; William H. Gale,
of Virginia, at Munich; Charles S.
Winans, if Michigan, at Nuremburg;
Michael J. Hendrick. Of New York, at
Plauen; Theodore Jaeckel,. of New
York. at Stettin, and George NJ lift, Of
Idaho, at Stuttgart.
Arthur E. ] Reilly. son Of Ex-
Congressman Thomas L. Reilly of
Meriden, is in the consular service. He
was formerly located in Magdeburg,
but is now in Warsaw, which is held
by Germany. Mr.. Reilly is well known
in this city. He recently married.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03


reviews the negotaiess cimaxed by the note
giving warning that the Berlin had removed re-
strictions submarine warfare.
The to taken granted many with
whom the president talkedae yesterday and members of
his cabinet Although he did not his decision those
ferences his outline of situation gave such serious picture
that generally believed he had the conclusion that
he could follow but break relations with Germany
Mr.. Wilson remained in his study in the White House
throughout the morning and callers wasearned that
he began the preparation Of his address congress shortly a
ter his return from the Capitol last night
While the steps leading up to the break being taken
apparent calm prevailed at the White House and the state de-
fpartment #
the history the world two first class pow
their relations without hosles following Pres
dent Wilson in taking the momenou step has counted the
sequences carefully as have al his all ne
officials have openly ad has counted the cotof break with
the United States and prepared to pay in the hope OF
shortening the
When the president returned Capitol night
apparently had made his mind that nothing remained but
breaking off Of relations Aonce he began preparing the ad
dress which he will deliver to Congress.
No announcement of the break made at the White
House, that reserved for disclosure to the public in the
address to Congress Secretary Tumuty would only that the
president would address Congress this afternoon
Immediately all the machinery of the government was set
motion to safeguard the national interests and further
the country for the unprecedented and momentous
ton in which it now finds itself
Secretary Daniels issued order barring all but officers
navy yards ships stations Orders
guard ports issued through the treasury depart
ment to custom collectors and the coast guard service
Not unmindfu of the possibility of disturbances by German
sympahzer officials said steps had been taken to meet the
situation.
Just decision to break became known
Secretary Lansing went to the White House
brief conference with the president He would
her than Secretary Tmutys brief the
president would address joint congress
Count Won Bernstorff at arranged with the
er Dr. Paul Ritter to take the German embassy The
details of the transfer will be arranged when the
bassador says goodbye to Secretary Lansing. !,
Count Won Bernstor said he did not know the Of
his leaving the United States what steps would have be
taken "Ths first of the kind he sad "and
I will have to inform myself"
It is thought doubtful by that the Entente allies will
grant any passage granted the Austrian
bassador that event the German ambassador might choose
to go to South America or to Mexico. 80
Bernsorn had called the Swiss minister
telephone and asked him to take charge of the embassy
the German embassy and the two
conferred.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
Make Plans to Combat
Any Conspiracies Here

Washington, Feb. 3-Measures pro-
posed to protect the United States
against conspiracies that may result
from the rupture with Germany will
be considered at a special session of
the Senate judiciary committee after
the Presidents address to Congress-
The committee was urged to consider
the measures as quickly as possibls
by the administration.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
New Austrian Envoy
May Never Present
Self to President

Washington, Feb. 3-Count Adam
5Arnowski, Austria's s new ambassad or
here, was to present his credentials to
{hcretary Lansing today for examina-
tlon preliminary to their formal
presentation to President Wilson.
Whether the new ambassador ever
snes the President depends on events
fin the next few hours
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
All Passes to Navy
Yard Are Ordered In

New York, Feb. 3-All passes to the
New York navy yard were ordered re-
called by the commandant, Rear Ar
miral Nathaniel r. Usher, at ~
o'clock today. The armed pa<r0e
along the water front and at the gs1n1
was doubled.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
SPAIN TO TAKE
UP DIPLOMATIC
OFFICES OF U. S,

Washington, Feb. 3-Spain will
take over the diplomatic Interests Of
the United States in Berlin.
Mr. Riano, the Spanish ambassa-
dor. after calling at the state depart
ment today, said:
st have no jnformation whether
Spain would follow the course of the
United States in severing relations
with Germany I cannot say any
thing about whether we have been
requested to take over American in
terests.'
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
Congress Won't Act
On Wilson's Speech
Today, Kitchi11 Says

Washington, Feb. t3.--~Democratic
Leader ~Kitchin told Republican Leader
Mann when the house convened today
that no action by congress wss con-
templated today in connection with
the presidents address.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
ALL DIPLOMATS
. IN GERMANY TO
RETURN TO U. S.

Washington, Feb. 3-Ambassador
Gerards instructions are to close. MS
embassy as we'll as all the consulates
in Germany. All embassy attaches'
consuls. consular agents ana thsar
staffs are to be brought out or Ger
many This makes the severance OF
relations more complete than is usual
in such cases.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
TWo STEAMERS SUNK.

Madrid, Feb. 3-The Spanish steam
er Elekon have been torpedoed and
sunk by the German submarine U-67.
Two Spaniards were drowned in the
sinking of the Butron. The rest OF
the crews of both vessels were land
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
CANADA GETS NEWS.

Ottawa Ont, Feb. 3.-Announce-
ment of the diplomatic break between
the United States and Germany was
received quietly but mona the less
enthusiastically in the capital to-
day.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
TEN oF GREW LnsT

London, Feb. 2.-Ten members OF
g(e crew Of the British steamer Es-
pstnite, previously reported sunk, were
drowned
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
THE WEATHER

Partly cloudy and not quite SO cold
tonight and Sunday.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
NAVY YARDS TAKE PRECAUTIONS
SWITZERLAND no ACT FOR GERMANY


Washington 3-Senator Thomas introduced today an
the house bill proposing an issue OF
nonineres bearing notes to put the nation IN
naval and military preparedness The amendment
discussed The notes would be payable to per-
from the purchased munitions coud De
used to pay taxes and would be redeemable In 1889
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03
COAST GUARD CUTTER
WATCHES PRIZE SHIP
Ar NEWPORT news, VA.


has alongside the German prize ship ppam and it
thought the German will be taken off Immediately
torpedo joined the superdreadnaught Arkansas
off the Virginia capes emergency duty.
RELEASE oF1AMERGANs DEMANDED
Washington Feb. 3-The United States has formally de-
Germany the Immediate release of the Americans
taken prisoner prize ships by the raiders in the
South Atlantic.
In 81 Americans taken from the steamers
Georgia Mount Temple and Voare Sixty Of the prisoners
the prison camp in Buelmen in Westfalen.
NAVY YARDS TAKE PRECAUTIONS
Washington Feb. 3-No other than officials and em-
and stations is to be admitted to such
ernment reservations this effect Secretary Daniels
announced today issued and will be effective me
diatey.
Wwwr SWITZERLAND TO ACT FOR GERMANY
Washington Feb 3-Gernanys diplomatic interests in the
United States will be assumed by the Swiss legation
saHALF BILLION WAR BOND BILL OFFERED
Washington 3-Senator Thomas introduced today an
amendment to bill proposing issue OF
fhn
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03

obreakwa
rf the
e
official White House
eDepatme ordered
generally that the diplomatic
forth ttwOda shad <
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-03

hgF d Germany have OF o
Bh has bee d America d Jane G
ia
nrHeh Germany dbeaomr beaw ArI teLe
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20
BY Mabel Abbott

"When l get thru calling
the girls, I'm going to plug
my telephone and die to the
wOrld!"
Hazel Holmes, president OF
Telephone Operators local
A 30, raised heavy eyes to
mine as she issued her ulti-
matum.
1t is some job to be presi-
dent of striking phone girls
union.
Yesterday afternoon I tried to
see Miss Holmes. "She's at work"
her mother. Mrs. Holmes, sos
South J street, told me. She'll
be home for dinner"
A telephone girl at work is just
about as accessible as the North
Pole. Tied to her switchboard by
the cord of her headpiece, her
ears straining to catch the happy
go-lucky American telephone
enunciation, her mouth busy say
ing: Number, please! - THANK
your i beB your pal All
lines are busy!" Her eyes on the
tiny, flashing lights of her switch
board. and both hands occupied
with the plugs, she has no time
for anything but her task.
Strike Problem, Too.
And / knew that besides all the
things Hazel Holmes ears, eyes,
tongue and hands were doing all
Friday afternoon, her brain was
buster yet with the big problem
of whether ITO girls were to
strike at midnight.
A strike is a serious thing to
girls who have only been get
ting from $1.10 to 81 a day, be-
cause as rule their winter coats
took all their savings and there
isn't much left to stand a siege
on.
At dinner-time I went again to
see the president.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20

LONDON, Oct. 20.-Hope that
Russia would be able to make eff
feetive resistance to a German en-
velopment of Reval and occupa-
ton before winters SHOWS of that
strategic point, from which a
campaign may be directed next
spring against Petrograd, was
practically abandoned here today.
Germany has never concentrate
ed such q powerful fleet of all
types of vessels since the war be-
gan as that which is smothering
the Russian defense around Riga
gulf.
Any one of 10 dreadnaughts
forming only one part of the in
vading squadrons is in itself able
to cope with the whole Russian
fleet-outranging and outspeed
ing the Russians.
Zeppelins are being used ovel
the whole naval fighting zone
Hundreds of small mine sweepers
are cooperating.
Today's reports indicated thai
the German sweep over Dago is.
land was continuing. The next
step will be landing on the coast
of Esthonia for the expected rear
movement against Reval, already
In the meantime, Petrograd will
be abandoned as the capital.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20

WASHINGTON, d. c.. Oct. 20.
American aviators In France
flew over the German lines today
and showered thousands of Lib
erty loan posters on the enemy
troops.
While flyers from training
camps In the United States raided
the principal cities with paper
bombs" airmen on the fighting
fronts under orders from Gen.
Pershing carried the Liberty mes
sage of the loan to the Huns
themselves. the treasury depart
ment announced.
Raided by SO army flyers car
rying a message from President
Wilson, the nation blazed today
in the Liberty loan campaign. The
two-billion-dollar mark was prob
ably reached.
Roll of Honor.
A national roll of honor, per-
petuating the name of every Lib
erty loan purchaser in official rec
ords, will be started.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20
LINEMEN MA RKINc Time

1.-THE strike of linemen en-
ployed by the telephone company
in Tacoma has not been called
off-it has simply been post
poned."
This was the explanation satur-
day of James Stewart, president
of Local 4S3, Brotherhood Of
Electrical Workers.
1.-The telephone linemen were
ready to quit work at 1901 to-
night. And every man Of them
would have gone out. But we
have been asked to postpone our
action for one week while further
negotiations are taking place in
San Francisco. IL there is no
change in the situation week
from tonight, the linemen will
call their strike just as they
planned 1t tonight.
1--WE are not fully informed
here about the telephone situa-
tion, but 1t SEEMS that the govern
ment has interviewed and is trying
to induce the telephone company
to accede to our requests. We
want to be fair and we are GER
tainly patriotic. II the govern
ment asks for q weeks delay, we
are ready to grant 1t. But the
men must have more money, and
they are going to get it,
Altho the linomen and tele-
: phone girls have two separat
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20


WASHINGTON, ID. c.. Oct. 20.
Germany is centering a large
part of the attention of her u
boat on getting" American trans
ports
That conviction was borne in on
navy men today as result of the
first torpedoing of an American
transport-the Antilles while
iomeward bound, with about 70
missing.
That a U-boat "got" this Nor
gan liner, however. was largely q
matter of fate-of luck" No
body saw the submarine, even tho
the Antilles, was part OF convoy.
And she went down in five min
utes, victim of a square hit.
The disaster to the Antilles
shocked American officialdom.
And they hoped today that 1T
would serve to awaken the Ameri-
can people to realization of exact
! ywhat may be expected from the
Germans; that only the utmost
precaution and the utmost force
Is sufficient to conquer such al
enemy
The luck" in the Antilles case
is one of the incidents of U-boat
warfare. Officials explained to-
day that the Antilles must have
run over the U-boat, whose sur
prised commander was able to get
the range and deliver a torpedo
surely. Had the U-vessel been
running with her periscope ex-
posed, she would have been visible
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20
It's a Strenuous Job, This Being
President of Phone Girls Union

"Hazel's gone out again." her
mother said. "She just took
time to snatch a bite-and prob
ably won't get home before the
meeting tonight"
Bring Lunch.
The meeting was at Eagles
hall. The girls. bright-eyed with
excitement, came drifting in.
carrying cakes and boxes of
sandwiches, and settled in the
front rows of seats, laughing and
chattering like sparrows.
Behind them, row on row, sat
the men of Outside Electrical
Workers local 493. solid and sig
nificant.
Most all the girls are gone
now!" reported girl in a velvet
turban, arriving breathless.
Every one of 'em IL go out. "
declared a girl in q big hat.
All the heads in all the kinds of
hats bobbed energetIcally, as the
situation was discussed.
pay my dues"
she's a scab, all right"
President Arrives.
II wouldn't stay when the 9TH
er girls went out!"
Hazel Holmes came in with the
later ones, pink-cheeked with
hurry.
"I'll be here till after midnight,
anyway" she said, "and maybe all
night, If We don't get mes
sage"
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20

fused to say anything-even to
give mere announcement of the
sinking-before the official bulle-
tin was made public at p. m
despite the fact that the affair was
known then for hours.
Struck Amidships.
The Antilles was struck amid
ships. the shot penetrating the
engine room. She went down in
five minutes. Had she been load
ed with troops hundreds would
have persisted.
1t developed today that every
American transport is equipped
with life RATS and lifeboats more
than sufficient to take care of
every person aboard. But in the
case of the Morgan liner there was
no chance for many aboard to get
on such craft.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1917-10-20
U-BOATS LAYING
FOR TROOPShIPS
to the convoy.
Lying In Wait.

to the convoy.
Lying i'm Wait.
Between the destroyer patrol
and the armament of the Antilles
she would probably have been al
easy victim. AS it was, the U-boat
apparently got one sight of the
transport, while lying in wait for
loaded transports, Europe-bound
and, ducking quickly fired her
torpedo and made off.
Recent reports indicate that the
Germans are lying in wait for the
American transports especially
The fact that this lurking subma-
rine was on the trail and did her
work unseen clinched the stories
as to Germany's intentions.
No Word From Persiing.
The war department early to-
day had received no reply to its
request upon Gen. Pershing to
check up on the casualty list and
it is doubtful IL this would be for
warded for a day or two.
Meantime, the best Information
at hand is that about 20 are miss
ing. 1t may run few more or
less.
Incidentally, the handling OF
the publicity in connection with
the first big disaster of the war
convinced men in charge that
there must be a revision of their
system.
From the public viewpoint, the
bungling came from the fact that
Secretaries Daniels, Baker and the
public information committee re-