davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
-t----..-.I ILa..l

NA~UlNGToN. p C.. July g.
 That -h. matter 70. exemptions o' tH. araH far .aa a"w war army Will a. l..t entirely n b. hands Of he various draft boards .~ uue al rho ...rau,a.- contained a -ha draft -.-....aua tr.mI-atrI today hE ur.-.t-~. Wilson Tl. r.-.,aron- r.-.-r ,...Na ..a--.- that u.-h. hr -<.ar.. tl- also called upoa th" various boards r1 ito their work in . .rn-.,ueuu- manner in 'ae Tr.
 .. .u. 70 show u0 1yorU-m. Ih" -.-a.. n- which ,nr men who will commas. -h- new army wu be draft
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
JUDGE RULES MAYORS.
Especial 10 The Ciuzen)

JUNEAU, July 2-ln an oral de cisicn handed down today, during which he stated that the mayors of all towns, particularly in Alaska, are merely flgureheads, Judge Robert w. Jennings decreed that Mayor Emery Valentine shall sign the warrant for tho April pay of Chief of Police Harding. The matter is an outcome of the fight that is on between the mayor and the city council here. When making the statement relative to mayors Judge Jennings said that all mayors must do the bidding of councils.
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
CREEK BOAT SUNK.
Associated PresS)

PARIS, July 2-Word has been received here to the effect that the Greek torpedo boat destroyer DiXa was sunk today in the Mediterranean as the result of an explosion. She was manned by French sailors. The report states that twenty nine men perished, including all the officers of the boat.
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
BELGlANS VISITING.
(ASsOciated Press)

CHICAGO, Ill, July 2.-The Bel gian war commission to the United States. after stopping here for sev- eral days and being royalty enter tained, will leave tomorrow for the Pacific coast. The commissioners will first go to Milwaukee, then to Green Bay, and from there to Min neapolis and St. Paul before con t'nuing their trip. /
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
LATEST NEWS
 FROM NENANA
Special -o The CIuzon)

<GNANA. mIy X large num- b.. of Nenaaa.t.- aru preparins to attend ,h~ Fourth ot July ceIebfa- lion 4. Fairbanks Tine first of the .N.b..ar- 10 Ie.y. nla get away tomorrow moron- .n launches. all ol The l-G~ .r4t operating on th" river between here and Fairbanks aav.nz been rrQ9-.Honsd for rhs oc- ca..on. In addition there will be ,na Ea-.a..ana comm.s,.on'~ launch Sunbeam. carrying Commissioner Thomas Kz1- Jr. and wife and Division Enaaeer Bailey. and the GIoher launch. Trnto. which will ..rya wta seven passengers. The members of th. Nonana Athletic As .lr..taoa who are -otng 10 Fairbanks as M-uh..- ot tHe ba-elaH team and -o participate in the other sports VIII leave her. about l o'clock to. morrow afternoon on the Midnight Sun and a- barge It is understood n-rr that the steamer Panama is disabled at some point between here and Ho, Springs, bur if she eot- hcrr in time she will also carry a capacity load to Fairbanks for the celebration.
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
EMBARGO EFFECTIVE.
Associated Press)

WASHINGTON, D. C., July g. The export embargo law will prob ably become operative next Monday, at which time, it is stated, President Wilson will issue proclamation re quiring the licensing, by the govern ment, of all coal shipments and all coal bunkering. It is possible that some lines of foodstuffs may be in cluded in the same proclamation.
 Checks for the losses in the re- cent Fairview fire were received on the last mail by local insurance con cernS.
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
MANY TOURISTS
 IN ON SELk|Rk

The steamer S,lklrk arrived here about | o'clock this morning from Dawson with large number oi pas svngers and d quantity of freight There were few passengers for Fatgbank~ direct. bug the larger part of these arriving ou th" boat were Grand Belt tourists who are to con unup their journey on 10 the Out side. most ol them via the lower Yukon river. on the arriving pas ~,nger list were the following names |.
 GRAND BELT TOURISTS.
 Miss Moore. Mrs Morse. Mrs. C. NJ. Wiiks. Mrs. Grace Murray. Mrs. J. II. McMulan. J. II McMulan, Miss Edith McMilIian. Mrs .. A. Lam bert. Miss Lrora Leonard Miss Edna Leonard Miss Wilson. Miss Chand- Ter. John Hartuns. Mrs John liar ,ung. Miss Margaret smith, Mrs. Vic tor (. smith, Mrs k W. Bandy. Mrs r. W. Ostend, LurH Correll. Mrs. E. Y. Odbert, Miss Mcsner, Miss Mack, F. II TuthilI, Mrs. F. II. THthiH, Fred E Haugham. Jas. McNemamer (. C Gardner, ] W. Collins. Miss Grenider. Miss Hruby. NJ. CockreIl. Mrs Ida KackIey. Eyon kackey, Mrs. Jennie Herpick, J. L. Herpick. <. V Chandler. Charles Schwab. A. (. Schwab. Miss l.. L. Burrows. Mrs. (. r Libby, Mrs. J. II. Norton. Mrs l. A Parsons, J. A Parsons
 FOR FAIRBANKS.
 Mrs. J. II. McCord. Mary Mccord, Miss Alice Walker, Miss Mary GH-;:2 LLnn- LnhnAnn M \ Dinaka Snu.-.
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09
FOB FAIRBANKS S.

Mrs ]. II. McCord, Mary Mctord Miss Alice Walker, Miss Mary Gw;:2 Hans Johnson, NJ. A. Pnska. SopL:e Peck. Mrs Geo. Holm. Mrs. (. Lane Nils, J. Lane.
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09

The funeral of Robert Keldje, who died here Sunday morning, will be held tomorrow afternoon al o'clock at the Coliseum, The members of the Fairbanks Igloo of Pioneers re siding in Nenana will be in charge, and il is probable that the cere- monies will be conducted under the Pioneer ritual The pail bearers will be James J. Fallon, Henry Baatz William Casey, Ben E7tby, Jack Bailey and Alex Funk.
The Alaska citizen., 1917-07-09

Tue members of the Nenana base bah team will make their appear auce in Fairbanks in new uniforms. Two -pls of uniforms have arrived hero. one i, green in color with white trimmings, while the other js pearl gr-y with blue trimmings. Both are Ierteryd across the breast with the word "Nenanu.'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
Service Asked on
Break Dow" Contracts

One way in which the power COM
panies have suffered heavily is in
those cases-and there are many
where in peace times they contracted
to stand ready to supply service TO
private power plants whenever the
latter broke down. Some larger city
business blocks and also manufact-
uring plants have their own electric
generating plants, and are not sup
piled from central generating sta
ton. These isolated plants seldom
have reserve equipment and contract
with the central power company for
such service. In normal times this
is common practice, and long-term
contracts were made. War came
and brought with it rising fuel,
maintenance and labor costs, and
many of the far-sighted manufactur-
ers and building owners discontinued
their own private plants to take SER
vice from the power company. This
brought big unexpected loads upon
the central station lines. Generally
the reserve power charges were fig
ured low, hence the power companies
are to-day rendering such service at
a loss.
To offset and protect themselves
from increased fuel costs many
power companies are making con-
tracts with provisions that rates
shall bear direct relation to the
cost of fuel. The Public Service
Commissioners have allowed this in
most instances, realizing the equity
of such practice.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
Holding Company
Plays Important Part

The large holding company con-
trolling or operating electric utility
companies in many different COM
munities throughout the country is
unquestionably the salvation of SER
vice in many smaller cities these
war days. The reason for this Is
easily enough understood. Through
such an organization the needs of
each one of large group of operat-
ing companies are looked after by
trained staff of engineering, legal
and financial experts such as only
the largest and wealthiest indie
pendent companies could afford to
employ. This makes for efficiency in
management, while the purchase by
the holding company through GEN.
trial department of large quantities
of standardized equipment and sup
plies for all subsidiaries effects
large saving in operating costs,
which means much in these days
when there is SO much need for prac-
Using economy in buying. II the pub
lie service companies should decide to
appeal to the public for higher rates,
they, no doubt, would be able to
make out strong case, but present
indications are that the cost Of cleo
trio lighting in the home will proba-
bly, remain the same. The constant
ly increased lamp efficiencies give
the householder more light for less
money. 1t is now possible to obtain
1000 per cent more electric light for
the same money the household
err paid ten years ago. For this res-
son the 100000 wired houses are
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27

same amount of current, without IN
licting any real hardship on the
users. The average factory finds
power costs about 21s per cent Of It's
gross earnings, more or less, accord
ing to the business and factory size,
so that slight increase would not
mean much to the individual factory
owner, but in the aggregate it would
mean much to the power company.
The plant using electric power must
necessarily begin to bear some of
the burden Of increased costs for
fuel. maintenance, operation and
overhead.
Fully 40 per centof American fac
tories have electric drive; that is,
either power supplied by a central
station or by private plant. There
is plenty of generating equipment
in most cities to care for the load
if it can be distributed over the
twenty-four hours of the day. Light
ing company officials say if the de-
mands for service can be kept of
the peak" they will be able to rem
der proper service at a fair profit
even now.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
Experience Gained in Making Munitions for
Europe Becomes Great National War Asset
Troubles Encountered Every the Industry from Financing nsp
IS n. Finished Product Solved and the Country
NowR the Benefit

modern brass foundries. The M,
composition Of this material il ~.
80 to 81 per cent copper, 81 to 20 y
cent zinc and about 2 per cent -.
resulting in a tensile strength u
about $4,000 pounds per squar. h..
elastic limit of 27,OoO pound, -
square inch, and 80 per cent slo,r
ton in 2 inches. The fuse bodi., =,
caps are generally forged. vh.,...
the timing rings and other pan. =.
be cut from brass tubes. The b,,..
cartridge cases which hold tie w.
pelling charge for the shrspoel A..
drawn from brass disks cut f,,..
bars rolled by the various baw ,,r
ing mills. There is nothing anu,u,,
in the specifications for certrido,.
case material, copper varying fro,,
66 to 70 per cent, according To dir.
ferent purchasers specifications, VIII
zinc from 27 to 81 per cent, and Wit
a tensile strength from 1900 I.
$4,000 pounds per square inch ,,i
an elongation Of from % 10 80 o.,
cent in 2 inches. The usual specif
cation allows a range Of 8 per cent :
the copper and zinc contents-for q.
ample, SO to " per cent copper a,
% to 81 per cent zinc.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
What America Must Do
Mechanics and Metals National Bank

Mechanics and Metals National Bank
MUST supply abundant food for ourselves for our
w and also for large part Of the nations VIZ
whom have made
We supply ships by the hundreds out Of our own
supply materials out Of fields our m
and factories.
We supply coal to keep fires going in ships at sea- and I'D
naces OF hundreds Of factories the sea.
supply steel Of which make arms, ammunition m
locomotives and rolling stock.
We must supply copper and other metals
We must supply mules, horses and cattle
We supply everything with which the people OF Ine
France Italy and have usually supplied themselves but
now afford the men, the materials the machinery to make
We must keep the looms and manufactures abroad in raw
terial.
We must clothe equip forces on land and sea-
equip people for whom enlisted men
not work.
We clothe and equip the armies with which We are
ing in Europe. :.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
Sale of Electrical
Appliances Being Pushed

Whether the central station can
develop the loft peak load is
question which, of course, must be
answered by each company individ-
ually, but certainly no city has
reached its saturation point for cleo
trio service. The average home is
equipped for only a fraction of the
possible use of electric service. While
about 40 per cent of the factories
use electric drive, there still remains
60 per cent without electric service,
and new applications for electricity
are being discovered every day.
Manufacturers of motors and APP
pliances, awake TO the possibilities
of the occasion, are bending every
effort to show the public the econo-
mics brought about through the use
at this time of their particular kinds
of equipment. The extended use of
these things will, of course, add ma
terially to central station revenue,
and manufacturers and jobbers are
urging the companies which supply
energy to cooperate in their cam
paigns.
Lighting companies everywhere
have recently greatly increased
their facilities for pushing the sale
Of useful domestic appliances, such
as electric fiat irons, electric ranges,
grills, percolators, coasters, washing
machines and vacuum cleaners. The
current consumed by the use Of these
appliances results in a large aggre-
gate load which comes during the
hours when electric lights are not
used. That is "off peak" service.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27

probably safe from increased costs
for electric light.
On its side the public, in all fair
ness, should remember that it is es-
sential, regardless Of costs, that ade-
ouate power service be given to in
dustries, to farms and to cities. Elec-
trio light is one of the greatest pro-
tections from wartime mischief.
Flood lighting of plants, bridges,
buildings, by means of huge rehec-
tors, is necessary, If they are to be
properly guarded. 1t has been sug-
gested that an electric light is as
good as a policeman.
Streets must be lighted, homes
must have electric service, for cleo
trio light is too much part OF our
life to be dispensed with, and the
service simply must be good. And
the public service companies must re-
ceive a living wage to render this
service.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
High Coal Cost
Chief Hardship

What is perhaps regarded as the
most important problem immedi-
ately before the public utility com
panies, and one which must be solved
within the next few months, is that
Of fuel costs.
Central station companies are
looking for the best solution of the
large problem revealed by the win
ter's experience in coal cost and
shortage. They are turning first to
efficiency in their purchase, trans
portation, handling and burning Of
this commodity. If they cannot re
duce unit costs to figure which can
be absorbed in operating expenses
without undue strain, they may find
themselves forced to seek vigorously
for real measures of relief.
In some sections of the country
the problem has been matter of
shortage at the plant, rather than
cost; other sections have found that,
with the exception of short periods
when the supply caused anxiety, the
coal situation has been matter of
cost. Many of the lighting COM
panies have suffered heavy financial
losses as the result of the high prices
which it was necessary for them TO
pay for their coal.
Companies in some of the larger
cities, especially in New England,
have been protected against the ris-
ing cost Of fuel because Of contracts
which still have several years to run.
They are paying the same to-day for
coal as they did at the beginning of
their contract periods, the coal COM
panies in most of these cases being
the losers. But the majority of the
New England central stations have
found that their coal costs have gone
up an average of 100 per cent, some
times possibly as much as 200 per
cent, and they have been obliged TO
contract (when they could) on this
basis for the coming years supply.
The more unlucky companies have
not been able to contract at any
basis, and necessarily must buy their
fuel in the open market in quantities
such as they can beg.
One of the important New Eng
land companies has just sent notice
to its power customers as follows;
Every dollar of increase in the cost
Of coal over 81 per ton represents
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
WHEN Sci LING PRICE IS FIXED
PRODUCERS BECOME. RESOURCEFUL
Pb Iv Companies Meeting the High Cost Fuel Labor and
Materials BY Developing New and Profitable Demands for Service
General Advance in Rates Not Likely, Though Power
Consumers May Have Pay More

larger Northern central stations,
which uses hydro-electric energy,
while not needing coal for its big
load, has had hard work to get what
coal it needs for its auxiliary steam
plant and for steam heating bust
ness. One of the larger central sta
tions in New York recently pur-
chased thirty-seven acres of water
front property near Rossville, Staten
Island, which it will utilize as a
storage of reserve supply of coal.
The company has under way the
construction of concrete bulkhead,
while along this entire water front
it is installing a large capacity over
head travelling crane, which will be
utilized in handling coal when re-
ceived from the mines and in reload
ing into boats for shipment TO the
generating stations.
Most of the electrical energy IN
the South is generated from hydro
electric projects, so the coal situa-
ton is not so serious a problem in
that section. For years the South
has been developing its rivers and
creating storage facilities in the
mountains for supplying its cities
with hydro-electric energy. When
the coal shortage and high cost came
along, the South was ready. One of
it's difficulties, however, has been the
securing of apparatus to care for
the extra load upon the lines of its
companies.
The Pacific Coast and Rocky
Mountain States, like the South, have
developed hydro-electric projects
everywhere. and consequently that
section of the country views the coal
shortage with equanimity and re-
fuses to be aroused. The great prob
lem out there is TO secure additional
electrical apparatus to meet the de-
mands upon its systems.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27

that people place their savings in
Liberty Loan bonds.
This was about the condition Of
affairs when the Federal Reserve
Beard came to the rescue and the
State Banking Department followed.
The Reserve Board went over the
situation with representatives Of
the savings bank section Of the
American Bankers Association, and
announcement followed of the
Boards willingness to approve a
three and one-half per cent redis-
count rate for notes and bills drawn
by the customers of banks secured
by Liberty Loan tonds or Treasury
certificates.
AS to banks not members Of the
reserve system, the board said that
lin view Of the magnitude Of the
task imposed upon all the banks Of
the country, member banks should be
permitted 10 rediscount for nom
member banks, including the savings
banks, whenever the proceeds have
been or will be used In meeting de-
mands caused by subscriptions to the
Liberty Loan"
AS result of the construction OF
the law made by the Federal Reserve
Board the savings banks have, as
has been stated, made contributions
Of large amounts for themselves, and
through their efforts many more
millions will be subscribed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
The Problem in
Simplest Terms

Stated in its simplest terms, the
problem with which the util ties are
confronted is 10 continue rendering,
at a price fixed by public service
commissions, service the cost Of
which is daily becoming greater.
The following table tells the story.
II shows the percentage Of increase
to a certain large utility corporation
during the last year in prices for
various items which enter into the
cost of producing and distributing
electrical current:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
The Question of
Financing Contracts

The manufacture of munitions
was discussed from almost every con-
ceivable angle at the Cincinnati
meeting. Financing of contracts, or
CARNATIONS, purchase of materials
end the Importance of inspection
were among the matters considered.
Frederick A. Waldron, an industrial
engineer Of New York, in discussing
the financing of munition contracts,
said:
THE question Of financing depends
to a large extent upon the govern
ment with which the general con-
tractor is dealing. With some there
is no trouble and businesslike meth
ods are used in handling all finan-
cial transactions. There are others,
however, that are exceedingly trou-
blesome and irregular in meeting
their financial obligations, and while
they are good for the amounts in
volved, the irregularity and slowness
of payments oftentimes engender
suspicion and distrust on the part OF
the manufacturer with correspond
ing Generalization.
after an observation and expert
ence of two years in this work, it is
safe to assume that an advance of at
least % per cent is necessary and
1915 per cent would leave a margin
of safety, with good management. 1t
is not necessary that all Of this
amount be paid upon the signing Of
the contract, but it should be avail
able for drawing upon as occasion
might require.
at is sufficient for the manufact-
urer to know that the work he is to
do will be paid for regularly and
promptly, and any risks taken by him
to produce in quantity within the
time specified are to be amply pro-
tected by an advance of money sufii-
cient to cover the expense Of prep
aration.
"The general contractor, OIL large
munitions contract, has to provide in
turn advances not only to the sub
contractor, but he must also be able
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
By HARRY W. ALEXANDER

T IGHT, heat and power must
be furnished at any cost.
- This is the dictum Of ma
ton face to face with the stern re-
alities of war. Factories must be
served with power to keep the armies
of the United States and It's allies
in Europe supplied with food, cloth
ing and ammunition. The still
larger army of workers who remain
at home to carry on the ordinary
business of life must be supplied
with light and fuel. Not only IN
the larger cities, but in the rural
districts, existence in these modern
times has become so dependent upon
the service rendered by public util-
ity companies that serious economic
disturbance and loss would follow
any failure on their part to carry
cut their obligations to the public.
The lighting and power companies
must be on the job twenty-four
hours a day to render adequate SER
vice.
Nobody realizes better what is ex-
pected of the public service corpora
tions than the men at the head of
such organizations. They, along
with other public spirited citizens
who have given the country the ben
eft of their knowledge and practi-
cal experience in the effort to solve
the many difficult problems devel-
oped by the war, are deserving Of
full credit for the intelligent way in
which they are coping with situa-
lion in which the public is deeply
concerned.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-05-27
Unlike industrial concerns, the

Unlike industrial concerns, the
public service corporation cannot
meet these rising costs by increasing
The price of its product at will. For
one thing, TO seek higher rates
means hearings by state commits
sions, involving long-drawn-out tes-
timony, expert engineering work TO
determine costs, expensive legal fees,
etc. Furthermore, it arouses the
public against the companies. For
while butchers, grocers or bakers
can raise their prices on almost any
pretext, knowing that they will en-
counter only few verbal kicks from
the public, the public utility COM
panies, in order to charge higher
prices, must present testimony
strong enough to overcome every pos
possible objection.
Rather than TO petition the COM
missions TO advance rates to the
great majority of consumers, Off
cials Of the electric companies are
first determined TO bend their ener-
gies toward finding ways of effecting
greater economies of operation and at
the same time adding to their income.