davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1917-05-28

edents and customs but State and ma
tional lines as we'll
A man living in Bston who wishes
to talk to man living In San Fran
cisco simply rings n bell, puts a little
instrument to his ear and proceeds to
talk. There is hardly a miracle in the
Bible more wonderful than this.
The doctrine of "State rights" is
being rapidly demolished The ma
tion is being obliged to assume many
of the functions of government here
tofore performed by the State, and
this tendency is growing.
The State, viewed as an individual
with the right to do as it pleases with
In itself, without regard for other
States, can no longer be tolerated
Only the nation can act in matters
that affect interstate relations, and
with ntercommunication and trans
portation developed to their present
stage considerable percentage of a
States activities are interstate In
their effects and consequences.
The World Is Drawing Together.
We must therefore take on a new
nationalism. The world has been
drawn very closely together by the
cable and the transatlantic liner, but
1t is on the verge of being drawn in
finitely more closely together by the
wireless, the airship and the subma-
rine telephone.
When these are practical, everyday
instruments of intercommunication
and transportation the social prac-
tlces and the Industrial methods Of
one nation will quickly and seriously
affect all other nations. This will re-
quire the yielding by nations of GER
tin of their individualishc rights and
prerogatives In order to safeguard and
benefit the world as a whole.
This opens up great, new vista
1t presents problems that are In
tensely interesting and Of far-reach-
ing Importance.
The period that is upon us offers
large opportunities for individual
thought, initiative and action, for con-
structive work and for constructive
craftsmanship.
The mighty changes taking place in
Europe tell us with unmistakable
voice that the reconstruction period is
at hand. The man Of the future
must realize it. He must be ready to
adjust himself to the new conditions. |
He must have sufficient vision, INTEL
ligence and courage to cast aside the
methods and precedents Of a bygone
age. He must let the dead past bury
its dead. He must not look back to
the setting but forward to the rising
sun. ..-laAsSsuA.ss-Aip
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1917-05-28
fpeace. He is much more e.,

fpeace. He is much more q.
faithful conscientious servant
he had not had military training. He
enters public service In time Of peace
In more nearly the same spirit that he
would enter military service in time Of
war-namely, from a sense Of patriotic
duty and a desire to serve his country
and his fellowmen.
In recent years we have been hearing
great deal about government owner
ship of our railroads. We are told that
/ in Germany the railroads are owned BY
the government and that their opera
tion Is most successful. This Is true,
but in Germany conditions are vastly
different.
The military training Of the youth, IN
fact, the entire trend Of education In
Germany is to impress upon the young
men of that land that they owe service
to their country. When man enters
the governments employ in the rail-
road business he Is as conscientious as
he would be were he entering the gov
ernments service In time Of war.
If our railroads were to be taken
over and operated by our government
at this time, how many Of you think We
would duplicate Germany's success?
Government ownership Of railroads
may be as desirable in this country as
it is In Germany, but we must first
have public servants who will at least
come somewhere near the standard OF
Germany's public servants In efficiency
and honesty.
Look at the spectacle we are pre-
senting to the world at this very mo-
ment In our pork barrel legislation!
Could we afford to have our railroads
operated by the same type Of public
servantsl
II our government is to endure, IL
we are to take our proper place among
the nations of the world In the new CIV
ilization, the man Of the future must
live not for himself alone but for
others.
Consideration for one anotner Is
speedily becoming social, industrial
and economic necessity.
Capitalization is.the order of the day.
The telegraph, the telephone, the auto
mobile and the airship are the causes.
They have wiped out not only old prec-
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1917-05-28

of ntercommunicatio and still adhere
to the laws. the precedents and the
book learning of their fathers
This is OUR great problem. It Is q
difficult, complicated problem and is
causing struggle Of titanic proper
tions-a struggle to throw off In a
night, as 1t were, the precedents of an
old world for the realities of new.
Precedent makes towards Of us all.
But the educator, the scientist and the
inventor have left us no choice We
must adjust our thought and action to
new conditions.
The changes of the last twenty-five
years socially. industrially and econom-
ically have been great, yet believe
they are infinitesimal compared to the
changes that are coming.
believe these changes are going to
deal most largely with the relation
snip OF man 10 man,
The Day of lndividualism Gone.
In this country we have been living
in an age Of the utmost freedom to the
individual. 1t has been the individual
lstic period, when the order of the day
has seemed to be "eyery fellow for him
self and the devil take the hindmost."
We have glorled in the freedom OF
the individual and have practised this
freedom to a point where, In many
phases of our life, 1t has amounted to
license to do almost anything that we
pleased or that brought profit OF
fancied renown, regardless Of its effect
on ones fellowmen
In the early days, when instantaneous
intercommunication did not exist, when
education was meagre and science un
developed, what the individual did was
Of comparatively small consequence, fol
his deeds did not reach very far and
did not affect many people.
With ntercommunication drawing
the world together In one centralized
community, the act Of the individual
can affect large number of people
therefore, that form Of freedom which
Is simply another expression for II
cense to do as one pleasese can NJ
longer exist
When Manhattan was sparsely set
tied and most Of the people lived OF
its southern end II would not hav,
mattered much had there been cas-,
Of smallpox at the north end The pa
tient could have done pretty much Al
he pleased without endangering an,
one else
But case Of smallpox in the north
erD end Of Manhattan to-day must b,
quarantined immediately to protec
other people
When ] was boy there was no So
ciety for the Prevention Of Cruelty I,
Animals and had any one suggeste.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1917-05-28
WHY
INDIVIDUALlSM
is AS DEAD
AS A SMELT

A I A RECENT public ,aring
~ on certain proposed food
legislation which Mr.. Perkins fav-
ored and which recognized the
necessity of co-ops ration some one
remarked that the legislation was
a violation of tae principle of
individualism.
Mr.. Perkins retorted, "Individ-
ualism is as dead as a smelt."
Mr.. Perkins reasons for his be-
lief are outlined in the following
article
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1917-05-28

sion on HIS mind; yet as we look back
ut them from this distance they seem
lnfinitesimal when compared with the
uhanges that have taken place in the
world the last quarter Of century and
che tremendous changes taking place
now.
George Washington was a representa-
tive Of the best type Of American a
century and a half ago. He was
scholar, a soldier and a statesman, yet
he did not know as much about science
rs young schoolboy of to-day.
! Thomas A. Edison typifies the scien-
dist of our time, but the gap between
the man of the Edison type and Wash
ington is probably greater than the gap
between Washington and the man
whose bones were recently discovered
near Trenton, N. j.. said to have lived
L., 900 years ago.
The advances In science, intercom-
munlcation and In universal educa-
tion--these three great factors account
fOr the stupendous progress this coun-
Try has made In the last twenty five
years.
They have swept away old prece.
dents, old customs, and they will even
tually sweep away many Of the laws
now on our statute books.
Tho man OF to-day who does not
fully comprehend all this is doomed to
BE- somewhat of failure, while the
man who does comprehend Il will have
taken a long stride toward success.
1t Is not many years since was a
lad, and yet at that time there was no
such thing as a telephone The tele-
graph was In very meagre use; fast ex-
press trains did not exist 1t took
several weeks to cross the ocean, and
the only flying machine we knew about
was the much derided one possessed
by Darius Green.
Entering . New World.
When Abraham Lincoln was Presi-
dent It took four days or more for a
letter TO travel from his home In Ill.
nOis to New York II took him several
DAYS to 90 from his home to Washing.
ton to be inaugurated. And yet only q
few weeks ago young woman. un
aided and alone, travelled In a flyinl
machine from Chicago to New York IL
eight hours and fifty minutes
We are just entering q new electrical
world, where everything is done, as 4
were. on the instant
Our fathers had none Of the moderI
machinery With which social and busi
ness intercourse is now carried on
Their sons ere wrestling with the prob
I'm Of bow TO use these new methods
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1917-05-28
Why a New Era Co-opera-
ton Must Succeed Pure
Indiuidualism.

NXVTITH intercommuni-
w cation drawing the
world together, the act of an
individual can affect a large
number of people; therefore
that form of freedom which
is simply another expression
for license to do as one
pleases can no longer exist"
GEORGE w. PERKINS.
Ashland tidings. [volume] (Ashland, Or.) 1876-1919, 1917-05-28
BY GEORGE w. PERKINS,
Chairman of Mayor MitchePs Food
Supply Committee


One of the greatest stumbling blocks
30 progress is the human inclination to
follow precedent and old methods too
closely. We find it difficult to strike
out along entirely new lines
Thomas jefferson, In his old age,
wrote letter In which he sald-
Some men ascribe to the men Of the
preceding age a wisdom more than
human, and suppose what they did to
/ be beyond amendment ] knew that
age [of the Revolutionl well. be-
ionged to II and labored with 1t. 1t
deserved we'll of Its country. 1t was
very lD,e the present, but without the
experience of the present; and forty
years of experience is worth a CEN
fury of book reading; and this they
would say themselves were they to
arise from the dead
Great Changes Taking Place Rapidly.
The changes that occurred from the
close Of the Revolutionary War to JEFF
Gerson's old age made deep impress
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
DEATHS.
MUmmaugh.

Andrew Jackson Mummaugh, son
of the late George and Mary Num-
maugh, died at the home of Mrs. Eliz-
abeth Armacost, where he had
his home for the past 20 years on
Wednesday, October 81, after a stroke
of paralysis on Sunday, from which
he never fully regained consciousness,
aged 73 years and months.
Funeral from the residence of his
brother, Mr.. Nicholas Mummaugh, OF
Emory, on Friday at 1 o'clock, thence
to Emory Methodist Episcopal church
Burial in the adjoining cemetery
Upton and Son funeral directors
Pallbearers Messrs. Clay Eby, Chas
Elseroad, William and Samuel Beam
Chas. Weaver and Richard Miller. He
is survived by one sister, Mrs. Alice
Richards, of Hampstead, and one
brother, Mr. Nicholas Mummaugh, OF
Emory
Only a line dear Uncle Jack.
But it's from our aching hearts,
That only tells the sorrow
Of how hard it was to part.
IF you only were here dear uncle,
Our joys would be complete,
For you always had a smiling face
For everyone you would meet
Friends may think we will soon forget
you,
And our aching hearts be healed,
But they little know the sorrow
That's within our hearts concealed
By his nephew, Walter n. Mum
maugh.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
Wedding Near GreenmOunt.

A very quiet wedding took place at
the home of Mr.. and Mrs. James Ying-
ling on Saturday evening, November
8, when their daughter, Naomi M, and
Carroll T.. Hunt, son Of Mr.. and Mrs.
John c. Hunt, were married by Rev.
Frank Fl. Blatt, of Manchester, min
lister of the bride. The bride was at
tired in white and carried white
chrysanthemums. The groom wore
the conventional black. The brides
maid was Miss Minnie Hoover, cousin
of the bride, and Mr.. Leroy Hunt,
brother of the groom. was best man.
Miss Vola Utz played the familiar
bridal chorus from LOhenSrin. The
ceremony was followed bT congratu-
lations and a bo"nteous reception.
They were the recipients OF many use
full and beautiful gifts. consisting of
money, linen, cut glass, silver and
aluminium ware.
Only immediate relatives were pres
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
A GRAPHIC STORY.
GYPSY'S WEIRD PROPHECY ON WARS
END is PARTLY FULFILLED.

The unusual experience of a Harlem
gentleman and his wife while OH an
automobile trip few days ago were
made known in the course of an inter-
view Tuesday with Mrs. Emma Mer-
sereau Newton 235 w. 1920 street, New
York.
Mrs. Newton, who is prominent in
literary circles as the writer of sew
eral novels and a contributor to var
ious magazines, stated that the per-
sons concerned objected to having
their names published, but, as they
were both personally known to her,
she vouched for the truth of the &C
count given.
The two persons referred to were
motoring through New Jersey during
the early part of last week. When
near Pennington, something went
wrong with the engine, and the car
stopped. The owner, his wife and the
chauffeur got out of the machine and
the chauffeur proceeded to investigate
the trouble
How long, inquired the owner, will
it be before you get the engine run
ning?"
About an hour, I think" answered
the chauffeur.
In that case," said Y to his wife,
we had better take stroll down the
road and see what's ahead"
The gentleman and his wife set out,
and just around turn in the road met
Gypsy woman The usual request
to tell your fortune, sir" was refus-
ed, but X replied, I'D rather know
when the war is going to end
Would you pay to know?" asked the
Gypsy.
Why, yes, if you don't want all I
have" replied X.
passed over the coin, prepared to pass
rather dull hour on a country road
by hearing the Gypsy prophesy.
The woman sat by the roadside,
weighing the answer in silence. AT
length, looking up quietly she named
a date. An exclamation of surprise
and incredulity escaped X.
Are you certain of that?" he asked,
| am as certain as that when you go
back to your car you will find your
driver dead beneath it"
Startled at this, X and his wife hur-
riedly returned to where they had left
their chauffeur working at the ma
chine. There was no one in sight.
Under the car lay the dead body of the
chauffeur.
Investigation proved that the man
had died of heart failure One part OF
the prophesy had been swiftly fulfilled
And the date when the Gypsy woman
foretold the war would end-Decembe
Is, 1917.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
WEDDINGS
AndreWS-Miller.

A wedding of interest took place
Wednesday at II o'clock noon when
James Elliott Andrews, of Hurlock,
Md, and Eloise A. Miller, daughter
of Mr.. John F. Miller, East Main
street, were married in the Methodist
Protestant Church, which was beauti-
fully decorated in potted plants.
The bride was given in marriage by
her father and was gowned in white
satin and georgette crepe. Her veil
was caught with orange blossoms.
Mr.. Ray Andrews, cousin of the groom
was best man. The ushers were Stew
en- Andrews, brother of the groom
and William Miller, uncle of the bride
They left in their car for wedding
trip north.
The bride is very popular among the
younger set and the groom was a
former student of Western Maryland
College. They have the best wishes
of their many friends,
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
PERSONALS

| Miss Viola Frick, of Smallwood,
spent last week in Baltimore and An
napolis.
Mr. Francis Null, of Baltimore,
spent Sunday with his mother, Mrs.
Rachel Null, near this city.
Mr.. Sterling Brown, who is on duty
at Camp Meade, was a guest at the
home of his parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
David Brown, this city.
Master Charles Hosfeld, Mt. Pleas
ant, spent Wednesday with his aunt
and uncle, Mr. and Mrs. Nj. Theo-
| Yeiser, Pennsylvania avenue.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Miller, Of
Gettysburg, Pa, were the weeks end
guests of Rev. and Mrs. William FL.
Hetrick and family, Carroll street.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. R. Whitehurst have
returned to Baltimore after spending
week with the latter's parents, Mr.
and Mrs. Frank T. Shaeffer, Pennsyl-
vania avenue.
Miss Anna Lukens, Bond street, ex-
, tended delightfully."- entertained a num-
Der of her friends last Friday even
ing in honor of Mr.. and Mrs A. R..
Whitehurst.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jesse H. Null and son.
Leo, near this city, and Mr.. and Mrs.
Grover R. Little, and daughters, East
Main street, spent Sunday with Mrs.
Rachel Null, near this city
Miss Annie Lee Beaver, entertained
at her home, East Main street last
Sunday, Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Bunty,
Miss Emma Cooper, Misses Agnes and
Nellie Roth, of McSherrystown, Pa;
Mrs. Mary Case, Mr.. and Mrs. George
B. Shriner, Miss Nettie and Mr..
George A. Shriner, Jr., of this city.
Those who spent Sunday last with
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Dull and family,
OF Patapsco, were Mr.. and Mrs. John
Zengraft and three children, Mr.. and
Mrs. Emanuel Dull and four children,
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Dull and three
children and Mr.. and Mrs Milton Dull
and child, Mr.. George Shaffer, Miss
Mary Anna Sheets and Miss Grace
Barnes.
The following guests were enter
tained by Mrs. Fred. K. Miner and Mr..
Harvey Miner, of Smallwood, on Sun
day last: Mr.. and Mrs. W. ID. Sea-
uldn, MISSES marie ana EOna seaman,
Mr.. and Mrs. s.Henry Seaman and son,
Miss Katie Reese, Miss Katie Eurman,
Mrs. Geo. H. Appel all of Baltimore,
Mrs. Peter Miller, Mr.. Walter Miller,
Mrs. Chas. H. Miner Mr. Herman Min
er Miss Carrie M. Miner, Mr.. Ivan
Gambler; Mr.. Joseph Arnold, Mr.
Frank Arnold, and others all Of West
Corporal Sterling Edward Hively
now in training at Camp Meade, was
the guest Of honor at family dinner
given on Sunday last by his parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward L. Hively, at
their home, near this city The guests
numbered about Is and included Mr.
and Mrs. E. L. Hively, Mr.. and Mrs.
Burn Hively, the latter being the aunt
who reared Corporal Hively; Mr.. and
Mrs. Vernon Gladhill and son, Hive
ly, Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. j. Hively and
Corporal Hively, all of this place. and
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold S. Mehring, of
Taneytown.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
81 MORE GO TO
CAMP MEADE.
LEFT MONDAY MORNING - LARGE
CROWD AT RAILROAD TO BID THEM
FAREWELL-SC0UT BAND FURN-
ISHED MUSIC.

Thirty-one men drafted for military
duty left this city Monday morning
for Camp Meade for training.
! The men assembled at the Court
House, where Rev. William H. Het-
rick, pastor of Grace Lutheran
Church, offered prayer, and Rev Nc
Guigan, pastor of St. Johns Catholic
church addressed the men They
then fell in line each man carrying
a flag, marched to the railroad,
headed by the Boy Scout Band, where
a large crowd of people had assembl-
ed to bid all farewell and safe re-
turn. The men boarded the 933 train
which had as passengers for Camp
Meade men from Hagerstown and
other places.
Those leaving from this county
were:
Frank S. Bennett, Sykesville.
/ Riley S. Williamson, Westminster.
A Truman Bloom, New Windsor
J. Kenneth w. Rote, Hampstead.
! Wilbur Myers Hull, Union Bridge.
Edward N. Chrest, Westminster.
Lawrence r. Grimm, Woodbine
Frank G. Fritz, New Windsor.
Verl E. c. Snyder, Taneytown.
Herbert Yingling, Finksburg.
| George Bucher John, Union Bridge
Albert w. Thurman, Westminster
Riley Elias Messenger, Littlestown
Reuben A Waltz, Westminster.
Ernest Harbaugh Bell, Westminster
Ralph Yingling, Manchester.
ANON G.. Shipley, Westminster.
J. Ralph Bonsack, New Windsor,
John H. Taylor, Westminster
William Henry Fitzhugh, Jr., West
minister
Claude Chester Wolfe, Union Bridge
J. Albert Gait, New Windsor.
Elhanan Ray Englar, Linwood
Guy NJ. Wetzel, Sykesville.
Birnie r. Reifsnider, Middleburg.
Edward D. Morris, Hampstead.
George Kearney Miller, Unior
Bridge.
John Hartley Wilson, Jr., Sykesville
Herman Edgar Brown, Sykesvi1le.
Lionel Sinclair Lockard, Westmin
ster.
Howard Edward Harpel Carrollton
ALTERNATES.
Melvin Douglas Lindsay, Westmin
ster.
Ralph B. Smith, Baltimore.
Jesse M. Leatherman, Harney.
Francis Earl Sentz, Westminster.
George W. Stonesifer, Union Mills
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
Marriage Licenses.

William f. Shade and Blanch Z.
Blizzard. both of Littlestown, Pa.
Henry ". Clark and Jessie B.
Fleming both of Sykesville.
Maurice 4. Dubbs and Jennie +.
Black, both OF York, Pa.
Harry Fridinger, Manchester. and
Treya v. Shafter, Melrose.
Carroll e. Hunt, Westminster, and
Naomi NJ. Yingling, Hampstead.
Tyson E. Grimes and Pearl E.
Gr.mos. both of Woodbine.
Warren &. Spoo and Alice G. Mill
4r both OF ROthsville, Pa.
Ralph b. McConslin and Hazel NJ.
Fair, both of Bendersville, Pa.
Amos A. Sponseller, New Oxford,
Pa. and Effie NJ. Dayhoff, Gettys-
..r-. ia.
Jane, e. Andrews, IIurlock. and
Eoise A. Miller. Westminster.
Nolan Il. Wilson and Lula Gibson
.Uth Of GiSt
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
m '''Il 1l1llll'll' l1l1Rl'71'
DET0UR.

Z d. Essick, wife and daughters,
Susan and Agnes, Mr.. and Mrs. A. {,
slt.er and daughter, Helen, spent
Sunday with Harvey Frock and fam
AE, OF near Taneytown.
Miss Gertrude Roger, of Westmin-
s'er, visited relatives here during the
week
Mr.. and Mrs. George Ohler and
laughter, Mary, of Emmitsburg ;Chas.
,, ;ltS and wife, Guy BoOler and Miss
SS!oFa Welty spent Sunday with Chas.
aarner and wife.
=. Ike Dayton and son, Marshall, OF
Ne!Ser, W. Va, visited John Brewer
and wife, this week.
Julia Troxell, of Graceham, spent
wife
Misses Margaret Smith and Mildred
ESOre, MeSsrs. Roy Dorcus and Sher-
IAN IAN Flanagan, all of Woodsboro, spent
Essck. 10 WIN - ''''''-' ''-
ArS. Laura Heird, Mrs. Bertha Val
Sts E4y1Ae and VIM. Sharrer, of Rocky
nuge, visited John Brewer and wife
% Sunday
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1917-11-09
COURT HOUSE NEWS
Transfers Of Real Estate, Marriage
Licenses, Etc.
Orphans Court.

uo1day. November 9Th. - Cornelia
MYERS and Nellie A. Weaver, eX-
1rntOrs of Edman RI. Weaver, deceas-
o5 received an order to sell real es-
tate. .
a NJ Susanna NJ. Hough, deceased, re-
,nrned an inventory of personal prop
artv. debts and money.
Samuel S. Grouse, administrator OF
Ellen G.. Grouse, deceased, settled his
rrst and final account.
Jacob II. and ArnOlphus Krumrine
administrators of Jacob H. Krumrine
deceased. reported sale of personal
1Tonprtv and settled their first and
final account.
The Court granted an order nj 81 on
tho sale of real estate of Samuel Har-
man, deceased.
Thp last will and testament OF Geo
Ghamer deceased, was admitted to
nrohate and letters of administrator
with the will annexed were granted
,,nto William w. Shamer, who recelV-
ID warrant to appraise and an order
TO notify creditors.
The last will and testament OF
Henry s. Stick, deceased, was admit
ld 10 probate and letters testamen-
rqrv thereon we're granted unto Chas
and Jennie K. Stick, who received
warrant to appraise.
The last will and testament OF Ellz-
2betb CasseIl, deceased, was admitted
n probate and letters testamentary
,bereon were granted unto Frank r
r2ssell. who received warrant to ap-
praise real and personal property
and an order to notify creditors.
Wednesday, November 7th.-The
saIe OF the real estate of Winfield S
Drach. deceased, was finally ratified
and confirmed.
Stephen II. Zepp. administrator OF
Adverdia V. Zepp, deceased. report
I'd sale Of bank stock and settled his
first and final account.
George l.. Stocksdale, executor OF
Eliza !. Stocksdale, deceased, receiV-
I'd an order to sell real estate.
Letters OF administration d. b. n. c
q. ON the estate of Jeremiah Rine-
hart. deceased, were granted unto
louisa r. Weaver.