The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1917-03-29

of building a silo should get into &C.
ton, and the man who has not been
thinking of the silo should think and
act promptly. Because many farmers
are thinking "silo" these days the fol-
lowing points as to good silos are
worth keeping in mind:
The walls must be alright.
The walls must be smooth inside.
The best type of silo is round.
The roof should be waterproof.
The substances should be substan-
tial enough to stand great pressure.
The silo, with the exception of n few
types, is of such construction that it
does not need the protection of II cov-
cred building. 1t is not economical
to place u silo in q building where it
will occupy space which may be put
to other use.
Unhandy Location.
A silo located inside of a building
is often unhandy to fill. The forage
cannot be delivered to the cutter con-
yeniently. BY locating a silo outside
of the building and only connecting it
thereto with a passage provided with
doors, the Objectionable, odor Of the
| silage may be kept out Of the build
Ing.
BY arranging the silo 81 as to be
connected to the feeding room with
a feedway, it should be as convenient
for feeding as when located in the
building itself. A very common ar
rangement is to so locate the silO that
the ~passageway from the silo to barn
Is a continuation of the feedway in
the barn.
The fundamental principle in the
preservation of green forage when
placed in a silo is the exclusion of
mir. 1t is the purpose Of any silo, re-
CARELESS Of it's construction, to exclude
air as far as possible from the silage
and in this way prevent decay.
Construction of Walls.
The foundation wall, and in fact the
walls of the entire silo, should be us
smooth as possible. If due care is
used in tramping the silage during the
filling, doors which extend into the silo
are not q serious objection, though
perfectly flush doors are certainly an
advantage.
A vertical wall is the only satisfac-
tory wall to use, as a wall inclined out
ward will support the silage to a GER
tain extent and prevent settling sat
isfactOrily, thus creating air pockets,
When the wall is inclined inward the
silage will settle away from it. In the
case of concrete silos with tapering
walls, these should be vertical On the
inside.
The quantity Of silage increases with
the depth, due to the weight above
The usual silo today is 80 or more
feet deep. A larger percentage OF
moldy and otherwise inferior silage is
found near the top Of the silo than at
,the center or near the bottom, prov
ing that a certain weight is necessary
to compress the silage and exclude the
air so as to insure it's perfect preser'
v3ti0n.
Deep SiIo Best.
By building a deep silo a greater
percentage of good silage is obtained,
which is, of course, a matter Of econ
only. Good practice at present seems
to dictate that the depth should be at
least 80 feet. A large percentage Of
good silos are built considerably deep.
er, even so to 60 feet.
Foundations should extend below
the frost line, so if the earth inside
the foundation wall be excavated to
this depth and the floor placed on q
level with the footings, a very cheap
addition to the silo is secured without
increasing the height Of the silo above
the ground.
The difficulty in removing the sill
age from the part of the silo below the
lower door is Objectionable, and be-
yond a certain depth the difficulty in
retu5,.ng the silage is so great rs to
more than balance the economy Of Sc
curing additional space in this way
Three or four feet up to the first door
is not considered Objectionable.
Capacity Varies.
AAC Capacity oA VA SOAAOo 10 AS
square of the diameter while the wall
surface varies directly as the diameter.
This means that as far as capacity is
concerned the silo should be Of as
large q diameter a. possible.
But there are other limiting factors
involved. When silage is left exposed
to the air for a short time, more than
4 day, it spoils. Enough must be re.
moved daily so that it will keep fresh,
In the we'll settled silage, the air
does not penetrate much over an inch
and If an inch and a half or two inches
are fed from the surface daily the
silage will remain fresh.
In warm weather the spelling will
! lake place much more rapidly Than In