davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13
A Gar OF RUSSIA
Eccentric Alexander H., Who
Gave Freedom to the SerfS.
AND THEN CRUSHED POLAND
Out of the Reform He Started by the
Liberation of the Masses Grew the
Nihiiist Movement, Which Brought
About His Own Death by Bomb.


1t is curious fact, says the Kansas
City Star, that one Of the greatest re-
forms that ever came to Russia-the
liberation of the serfS in 1S61-came
through Alexander IL, man educated
under the Prussian military system.
Born in 1918, the son of sternly au-
tocratic father, growing up in an at
mosphere in which it was looked upon
as treason to criticise the corner police
man since he was q representative of
the government, Alexander persisted
in cherishing an interest in all sorts of
humble people.
He came to the throne in 1855, when
Russia was foundering waist deep in
the Crimean war. Russia was defeated
and demoralized, and it was an unusu-
ally suspicious time for men with re-
form ideas to get hearing. Peace
was made at the end of year and
new laws passed encouraging industry
and commerce Plans were laid for an
extensive railway system partly to de-
velop the natural resources of the
country and partly to increase its mill
tary efficiency.
Then in 1853 Alexander received
petition from certain great landowners
in Lithuania praying for more salts
factory adjustment of relations be-
tween themselves and their serfs. The
car replied with lavish praises of their
public spirit and assumed that what
| they wanted to do was to improve the
condition Of the serfs, which in point
of fact was not true at all. Their peti-
ton had given him an opening.
Without consulting his ministers the
| car caused copies of his instructions
| to the governor general of Lithuania to
| be forwarded to the governors of all the
other Russian provinces, suggesting
| that the landowners of their provinces
might also care to- consider emancipa-
| ton of the serfs. Local committees
went to work on the subject.
| There were in Russia at this time
some 23,00O,000 serfs, slaves Of the
soil. They could not be sold away
from the land on which they were
born, but In all other respects their
| bondage was virtually complete. The
car set the ball rolling by freeing the
100000 serfs on the imperial estates.
| The abolition Of serfdom was inevita-
BILE, but the landowners tried to stave
it off as far as possible. They submit
ted plan for making the serfs agri-
cultural laborers, entirely dependent
upon them economically. The car re-
fused to accept it. If the serfs were
really to be free he decided they must
be able to own land. A state loan,
! payable annually at per cent for for
| ty-nine years, enabled the former serfs
to buy a certain share of farm land of
Russia and become peasant proprie-
tors. The land was held by the village
communities and by them apportioned
to their members. The ukase freeing
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13

We ARE glad to learn that
Congress has declared that a
state of war exists between the
United States and Austria-Hun-
gary. President Wilson advo-
Gated this as did many of the
other big men of the country.
We should go farther and de-
clare war against the rest OF
Germany's Allies. All Alien
enemies look alike to us and if
we had our way about it every
German, Austrian. Turk and
Bulgarian in this country would
be put in safe keeping while this
war lasts. presidents Of those
countries have lived here for
any length of time without TAX
ing out their citizenship with
the United States that is their
fault. and we would not overlook
any of them.
This is war in which if we
will not trust our enemies we
should not trust their friends,
or nations whom they are allied
with. We have been altog ether
too easy in this country and il
is time that their should be a
tightening up.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13

AN URGENT appeal has come from
the Red Cross society for two million
surgical dressings to be forwarded
Immediately for the use of our
soldiers in France who may soon be
in the thick of the battle and who
will be needing these surgical sup
plies. Bayfield, county Red Cross
workers have received the appeal
and they are determined that
none of the United States Soldier
boys will suffer for want of the
dressings which will be required from
this county.
To furnish these dressings in the
shortest possible stime will require
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13
Miss Alice O'Sullivan of the Post
Office force was on the sick list for a
few days during the past week.

Leg weakness is a common ailment
of chicks up to six months of age. I'M
proper feeding, by which the weight is
increased faster than the strength is
the most important cause of this dis
Jase. A change of diet, as for instance
the substitution of bran, oatmeal or
pinhead oats for corn and cornmeal,
will often correct leg weakness. Plenty
of green feed should also be given and
a little skimmilk is beneficial.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13
First Musical Come,

y
honey, gather it.-Charlotte Bronte.
First Musical Comedy.
No English writer Of light opera
ever surpassed DR.. f. Osmond Carr's
music in gay sparkle, and that he was
a thoroughly good musician is suf-
fciently indicated by the fact that he
held degrees In music from both Ok
ford and Cambridge, his doctorate be-
ing awarded by the latter university.
Among his other achievements must
be placed the invention of the first
musical comedy, "In Town" Besides
doing" the music, DR.. Carr invented
the scheme around which the piece
was written.
Many readers will remember his
Marguerite" which swept over all
Europe like wildfre with its irresisti-
BILE swing and elan some twenty years
ago and more. A song Of the dashing
type, it had the gayest and most in
toxicating melody, and not only its
native land, but the continent and the
United States, succumbed speedily to
its charm.
The composer related that the ia
nous song was composed in the early
hours one morning after he had been
watching all night by the bedside of
his little daughter, who was seriously
ill.-London Globe.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13
BE WATCHFUL

There pending before the House of Representatives
Washington t has passed the Senate proposed amend
the Constitution of the United States which, once
passed and ratified by the egis1atresnot the people of
three-fourts Of the states will forever prohibit e
facture the sale the importation into the expectation
from any in the Unon Of Intoxicating liquors Of any
kind for beverage purposes"
This is not regulation. It is absolute prohibition 1t not
only aboshes the saoon but it entirely wipes out per-
sonal and Individual rights. You cannot manufacture home
made wine any drink containing alcohol fer personal USE
It's enforcement will have the whole power Of the National
Government behind il. Once adopted it be modified
to meet changed conditions legislative congress
sona law permanent; it is for ali time Do think
wise? Do you think necessary? Do you want TO give up
your privileges and those of your descendants doyou
wish to extend them the personal rights fathers
fought for and preserved for you?
Ask your Congressman to vote against this resolution.
Once submitted it will be too late
Vim. H. dustin.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13

100 acre tract of land for sale in
Town of Bayv.ew, CT, S. 80. r. D.
Sec. 34l at the sacrifice price Of
$12 80 an acre. Fine trout brock
runs q rough it. Best sandy loan
SOIL Easy to clear. No ravl es to
speak Of. Look this snap over.
M. S Anderson, 424 Nicollett Avs
Minneapolis. MINI.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13
Take Care of the bullets.

Those who make the most from
poultry next year will be those who
work hardest and best. 1t is not how
many you raise. but how well you
raise them. One hundred pullets well
raised this summer and fall and well
housed and cared for next winter viii
produce more eggs than will SEQ not
properly handled as chicks and layers
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13
Too Late to Hatch.

1t is too late now to set any more
eggs this season because the chances
are all against these extra late chicks
being worth the much needed grain 1t
will take to raise Them
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13

Vanity isn't on the official list of viz
tues, yet unless man has good opin-
ion Of himself he will never amount to
much. Chicago News.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-12-13

THE people of the United States
are approaching the Christmas hol-
days under conditions this country
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
Joke on Grandfather.

Seven-year- Willie sat next to his grandfather at the dinner table and handed him a note from the principal of the public school requesting the at tendance of the grandfather at meet ing of the Parents and Teachers as- sociation. The old gentleman, who is fond of a joke, pretended to read as follows, Dear Sir: Your crop-eared, bandy-legged. sniffled-nOse boy needs spanking. There are no shingles in this school sufficiently heavy for the purpose. Will you kindly take him into the wOodshed and administer q much-aeeded correction?" Everybody at the table laughed except the young yter. With perfectly grave face he said, "Oh, grandfather. I should not have thought that you would preserve all these years note that was writ ten to your father when you was boy"
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
When the Cir! Proposed.

And have tried to make it clear to you in every way I knew. I've asked you to this house, times without num- Der. I've played tennis with you, and walked and talked with you, and ridden your rounds with you in your bumpy old milk wagon. I've simply thrown myself at your head. day after day. But you--you wouldn't under stand. You wouldn't look at me. Nor listen. You mooned about, and moped your ridiculous heart out. Because you thought I was such a blind. silly fool, couldn't look past your prop erty and your ill-luck, and see how splendid you really are. Because you thought was such stuckup simple ton I'd not want to marry you, be- cause you were a milkman. When I'd drive your milk cart, I'd chase the cows for you, if you wanted me to- Woman's Home Companion.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
MANY ORCHARDS ARE UNACCEPTABLE
Thousands of Acres Almost Past Re.
 demption-Trees Must Be Pruned In Winter.

There are thousands of acres plant ed to orchards in Arkansas that are almost past redemption, and, if tho trees are allowed to go through this winter without better care than they have had in the past, few of them will ever bear another crop of fruit. The time has come when we must either care for our orchards or go out of the orchard business, and, the sooner the time comes, the better it will be for the more prosperous orchardists over the state, says J. s. Knox, horti- culturist with the Extension Division of the University of Arkansas and U. s: Department of Agriculture.
 There are several things which should be done during the winter, such as removing the borers from the trunks of trees, cultivating, pruning and spraying for the control of the San Jose scale. The borers should be gotten out as early as possible, since the longer they are left in the tree the more damage they do The best and surest method of doing this is to throw the dirt from around the base of the tree, then scrape the bored portion until all soil is removed ana cut out and kill all worms found. As soon as the worms are removed, or at least week or ten days thereafter, the soil should again be put back and slightly killed about the base of the tree.
 The orchard should be given a good blowing during the dormant period. This not only covers up the grasses and weeds, but it destroys millions of the spores of brown rot and scale. Deep blowing should not be attempted closer than four feet or good-siZed trees. Harrows, however, can be run much closer.
 In the orchards visited recently l down by last summers crop of fruit are still hanging on the trees. These should be cut out and burned at once since they are full of the larvae of bark beetles. All dead or badly dis .eased branches should, if possible, be removed, then the branches which are thick or rubbing on each other should be thinned out. Pruning is especially desirable in young orchards because it is at this time that we give our trees the proper shape In making the cuts do not leave a stub from one-half to six inches long, but cut them real close to the body of the tree. Where the stubs are left the wounds made in pruning very seldom heal over pro- perly or readily and they may be the means of causing decay to set in on the tree at that point
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
Locke6-- otash.

About two miles northeast of Su perior, Wyoming, are the Leucite hills which are made up largely of igneous rocks in the form of volcanic necks sheets iAtruded into the Stratified rocks, and dikes cutting across the Sedimentary strata. Associated with these intrusive rocks are volcanic cones and lava flows. These rocks have long been objects of scientific interest be- cause of their unusual character. Late " they have attracted additional inter- est by reason of the potash-rich min- eral, leucite, they contain. which may some day be utilized if q process can be found for extracting the potash cheaply. It has been estimated that the igneous rock of the Leucite hills contains more than 197, 100000 tons of potash.-~Bulletin G12, U. s. Geological Survey.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
GARDEN WORK FOR JANUARY
High Prices Make the Plans Very
 Popular.

The high cost of food products at the present time makes it necessary for many men to make plans to supply his family table with fresh vegetables from his own garden, says J. s. Knox of the Extension Division of the Uni versity of Arkansas and U. s. Depart ment of Agriculture. There is very little that can be done in January so far as real gardening is concerned, but the fence corners should be clean ed out thoroughly and all of the rub bish removed from the garden spot This will be the means of exposing many of the insect eggs and spores of different diseases which the cold weather will help destroy. The ground should be plowed we'll in order to inn prove the physical condition and to help in the control of insects. If ma nure is available it should be broad cast over the soil and turned under at this time, unless the manure is ai- ready well routed. in which case it may be best to wait until early spring to apply.
 O@s~r the years supply of seed inn mediately and. if possible, test them for germination before planting Get out the old hotbed sashes and repair them for use later on. The latter part of this month such seed as onion, cab bage and lettuce may be sown in the hotbed. This will enable us to have them for use earlier in the season. Don't forget to top-dress your aspara- gus and rhubarb beds With heavy coating of stable manure. There is little danger of over-fertilizing these plants. The old asparagus tops should be taken from the garden and burned.
 See that the garden implements arc in good repair and ready for the sea- sons work. Get busy with the incom- ing of the New Year and let's make 1917 the most prosperous year of our lives by growing our living at home.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
Curious Ways of the Arab

The Arab has some curious ways. He takes off his shoes when he enters a house, but Keeps on his hat. He reads and writes from right to left. He eats scarcely anything for break fast or dinner, but in the evening he sits down to a hot meal swimming in oil. His sons eat with him, but the women of the household wait till the males have finished. The Arab rides donkey when travelling, his wife walking behind, and he laughs at the idea of giving up his seat for wom- an. The Arab has one strong virtue. and that Is he is rarely seen drunk.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
Destructive Shell Fish.

!n the tropics rock-boring and wood- boring shell-fish are among the great est natural agents of destruction in the shallow waters of the sea. It was not until the builders of iron ships launched the present navies of peace or war upon the deep that the hulls of vessels moored for any time in harbor were safe from their attacks. The shells of these molluscs are often not at all obviously adapted for bor- ing. Frequently they are very thin, looking almost like hardened paper. Yet they bore through teak or oak, hardened clay, chalk rock and con- crete breakwaters.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
Enqland. Ireland and the Pope.

In the twelfth century Pope Adrian ", the only Englishman that ever oc- cupied the papai chair, granted the hereditary lordsfip of Ireland to Henry II Of England. In 1172 Henry II visited Ireland in person, and the clergy and great princes acknowledged his supremacy and he was recognized "Lord of Ireland" In 1177 John, the youngest son of Henry II, was granted this lordship, but his authority was only nominal, and he left the govern ment to John d'Cource, member of celebrated Norman family of Ok fordshire and SomerSetshire, and whose percentage was entirely un- known. In 1210 John visited Ireland, but in 1213 resigned the kingdom to the Pope, and for a second time the papal claim to Ireland was formally recorded.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
across the Sereth.
 Germans VictOrS at Riga.

Severe fighting has taken place around Riga, on the northern end Of the long front German forces, Der lin says. were successful in engage ments north of Riga and near the riv- CT Aa, capturing 900 prisoners and several machine guns. Russian at tacks further south, along the Dvina river, failed. Russian troops, Petro- grad says. were successful in combats west of Riga, taking 275 prisoners and one battery of guns.
 There has been little activity along the rest of the Eastern front. except in the Carpathians, where the Rus sians attacking Kirlibaba, were re pulsed.
 North of the river Ancre, in north ern France, British troops in night attack entered German advance trenches northeast of Verdun. A Ger man raid was successful. into the French advance line. Artillery en- agreements are taking place at other points on this front.
 Attacks by strong British forces against the Turkish positions near Niman- -Muhamud, on the Tigrls front, were repulsed with heavy losses. Con- stantnople reports. and the British were forced to retire to their old trenches.
 East of Hamidan, in Persia. the Turks repulsed Russian attacks with severe casualties. Near Sakkis. a Russian attack also was checked by the Turks.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
FARMERS, ATTENTION!

Every farmer with money invested in Arkansas land who believes in bet ter live stock or is interested in truck or fruit growing should make plans to attend the Farmers Short Course" at the College of Agriculture, Fayette- vile, from January to February in. elusive. Special attention will be given to live stock judging. feeds and feeuing and to good orchard man. agement as we'll as other questions concerning profitable farming. If y01 cannot come. send the boy.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
FARMERS, ATTENTION!

Every farmer with money invested in Arkansas land who believes in bet ter live stock or is interested in truck or fruit growing should make plans to attend the Farmers Short Course" at the College of Agriculture, Fayette. vile, from January to February 3 in. elusive. Special attention will be given to live stock judging, feeds and feeding and to good orchard man. agement as we'll as other questions concerning profitable farming. If you cannot come, send the boy.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07

Boston, Jan. 6.-John J. Barry, cap tain of the worlds champion Boston American league baseball team, be- came it's manager today when he signed a contract for the coming year. It is understood the term was Bar ry1s own choice, President Frazee having offered him his choice up to three years. Barry's salary was not made public. but it is unotficially
 placed at S1O,OO0, with provision for
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
DONLIN TO MEMPHIS.

New York, Jan. 6.-Mike Donlin. famous batsman of the New York Giants few years ago, signed one year contract today 70 manage the Memphis club Of the Southern as- sociation. The contract calls fer Donlin to act as a playing manager. and he will cover first base.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07

a bonus if the team again wins the pennant.
 Barry will take active charge next week. when details of the spring training trip are to be arranged ana contracts with players made. Only Ruth, Shore and AgneW are at present under contract.
 Few, if any, salary reductions are contemplated by the new owners of the club and no hold-Cuts are an ticipated, it is said.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
Mans AdaptabiIity.

It's funny how man whose health is so poor that lis wife has to carry the baby when they go out anywhere can walk 15 mi,es around lodge. room with 60 pounds of robes and knicknacks on him--Puck.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
FIRE IN WAREHOUSE.

Little Rock. Jan. 6.-Fire early to- day destroyed the one-story brick warehouse of NJ. J. Seisel & company, causing loss estimated at $S,000. The origin of the fire is not known.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07

Don't Worry About PosteriSy.

OUHt Wurfy About PoSteriTy.
 One of the simplest and best ways of not borrowing trouble is not to al. low yourself even to think of what's going to happen to posterity. Ohio State Journal.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
TAYLOR & COMPANY. Prompt and reliable Insurance Seryiet
Try 355 for Tire Service.

Ask our drivers about laundering
 your rag rugs, any size, American Excelsior Laundry Co.,, phone 146. If
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
MACkENSEN'S MEN REACH SERETH
 CHASING SLAVS

Continued from page one)
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-01-07
More Club Members.

Every girl of school age in Ar. kansas should belong to one of the girls clubs; 2,500 new members are wanted by July l, 1917. Write to Miss Emma Archer, Extension Division, Old Statehouse, Little Rock, for de, tails.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-07-18

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The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-07-18

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The Detroit times., 1917-11-08
aY eETTY eRoWN

The curious looking ladies liCtug
ed today are thr grcatgreat grand
mothers az American fashions
Straight from the huge photograph
uf5um that Illustrates the family
tree OF fastion come these fascinai-
ing pictures OF tho court ladies who
roamed thru the romantic castle cor
ridors OF TIE sixteenth century.
Charles thurman. New York I'm
porter. has just brought 20 America
the famous Book ~ styles. long the
property OF a great Paris costume
designer
The treasured volumes, OF which
there are several. were sold 20 the
American for the sum OF $4,000
The purchaser considers them go
valuable that no f. bringing the
books 70 America n few al a time
30 that should the ship bearing them