davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
CHURCH NOTES
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH

Sunday sermons: Sources OF Soul
Support.
A. M, 1900, When Great Men
Question,
Evening, 5000 Windows Open in
Special music hrdl hrd hrd hrd
the Soul. Special music at both
services Come.
Sunday schol at 1910 noon. "A
brief memorial for Hanley Spring
will be held.
Christian Endeavor at ZOO. Mis-
sion Work In Our Cities.
Week, Wednesday, 500, prayer
and bible. 8:45, teacher training
Thursday 500, choir practice. 2.45,
the monthly missionary meeting,
Mrs. Eaton hostess. Subject, "The
Rights of Childhood"
Our hearts go out in sympathy for
Mr.. and Mrs. Spring and the brothers
in their loss OF Hanley
The Chautauqua has ben a COM
munity uplift, in point of entertain
ment, education, patriotism and re-
ligious loyalty.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

on earned incomes below $4,000. and
with an analogous lowering of the
rates on the higher incomes. so as moi
to exceed "a per cent. A careful cal
culation shows that an income tax OF
this kind would yield some $3.50, COO.
600 additional
AZ The tax on whisky and tobacco
ought to remain approximately as 1t Ia,
with yield of about $230,OO0OOO.
These three taxes, together with the
stamp tax at even the low rate OF the
House bill, and with an improved au-
tomobile tax, will yield over $780,
100000, which is the amount of money
thought desirable.
The above program would be In har-
mony with an approved scientific sys-
tenn. 1t viii DO away with almost all
of the complaints that are being urged
against the present. 1t will refrain
from taxing the consumption of the
poor.
1t will throw far heavier burden
upon the rich, but will not 60 to the
extremes Of c0nflscation. It will OBJ
vtate interference with business and
win keep unimpaired the social pro-
ductivtty of the community.
It will establish just balance be-
tween loans and taxes and will not
succumb to the danger OF approaching
either the tax-only policy or the loan
only policy. Above all. 1t win keep
an undisturbed elastic margin, which
must be more and more heavily dr~w WIN
upon as the war proceeds.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
VALUABLE GRAIN CROPS
THREATENED BY DR0UTH

Throughout Germany, according
to reports, all valuable grain crops
are burning up, as they did In 1916,
In an unprecedented heat wave. The
prolonged drought Ia unbroken
since early In May. Berlin Sunday
experienced the hottest June II on
record. The effect of the drought
on the grain Is described by neutra,
arriving here as almost catastrophe.
The Sunday sermon writer of the
Berlin Kreuse Zietung declared Sun
day the drought was sent as a
punishment for the sins OF the peo-
pie, and asked how long 1t would be
before this divine chastisement would
bring the people to a sense OF their
.iniquities.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

julius Caesar Maybe, the Grecian
who lectured at the Chautauqua here
one day last week was able to talk in
a familiar tongue while here, he
having enjoyed long visit with John
Horgan, the genial Irish transfer
man, In which they spoke Arabic.
Mr.. Morgan spent number of years
In Carlo and speaks several Egyptian
ana indian languages and dialects,
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

II. j. Elston, a we'll known Cald-
well attorney, was in town Thursday.
looking after the interests of one of
his clients, Placide Allix, who was
recently arrested, charged with hav-
ing disposed of some hay on the Free
man ranch In the north part of the
county, without having settled with
tho owner.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

A mass meeting will be held at the
standard theatre, Thursday evening,
June rs, at $3.50 p. M. All Red
Cross members and all interested In
Red Cross work are urged to be
present. A good program is prom
Used and an interesting evening is
assured. No admission fee, no col
lection taken. Come! This means
you.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
Everglade Independence.

Inc way to get ahead Ia to edge
ahead by an inch and hold on to that
inch until you can edge In another.
The man who Ia dollar ahead Of his
debts Is an Independent critter.-Tar-
pom Springs Leader.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
BAPTIST CHURCH

Services for Sunday, June "a.
Bible schol 10 a. N.
Morning worship and sermon, ] /
a. m. Theme: Fellowship With
God"
Children's Day program D. m.
w. IF. R. HARTLEY, Pastor.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

The haying season is generally
started in the community around
Mountain Home and is fully two
weeks later than the average. The
nrst cutting is making nearly full
crop, but the later cuttings may be
snort ON account of the lateness of
the season.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

LOST-One brown mare, weight
1850 with yearling colt. Colt brand
ed box Fl. One bay mare weight
1860, one white eye. Indistinct
brand on both mares. One bay horse
weight 1850, branded lazy H ON left
hip, Three horses hobbled, one bell
Notify Morrison's Barn, Mountain
Home, Idaho. June % July 7.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
HOW SHALL We
PAYFOR TIE WAR?
4 Constructive Criticism on the
House Revenue Bill.
LOANS BETTER THAN TAXES

Five Reasons Why Excessive Taxes at
the Outset Of War Are Disadvantag s-
ous-Great Britain Example Worthy
of Emulation--How the Taxes Should
DO Apportionsd.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Grover Tanner has been visiting
with his parents and friends during
the week. He is located at Rogerson,
where he has charge Of the telephone
line between that city and Jarbidge.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

w. d. Evans went out to his ranch
on Castle Creek Friday with load
of supplies and haying machinery.
Mr.. Evans has one of the finest
ranches in Idaho and is doing some
extensive improvements on 1t.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Dan Reber was In town from Ben
nett, where he is looking after his
mining interests, for q few days the
first Of the week.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

B. B. Duell stopped over in town
Monday and Tuesday for visit with
his sister, Miss Bertha, ON his way
to his home at Portland, Oregon.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

FOR SALE at low figure, brick
garage with cement floor 75x90.
GEO. BURKE, Mountain Home
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

John McGinnis, the well known
Cold Springs rancher and politician,
was In town several days this week.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

TAKEN UP Six bucks. "meri-
nos and 4 smut face. Branded G
Owner call on James Chatterton, 2
miles north of Mountain Home.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

FOR SALE-Two horse power, sin
gle phaze electric morton, nearly
new. Enquire at the Republican
office.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Agency for Buick, Olds, National,
REQ and Hudson cars, the biggest
and best line In Mountain Home.
Also few used cars, Fords and
others. GEO. BURKE.
June 9-16
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Mrs. Fred Kupersmith of Boise is
spending few days with Mrs. G. M.
Higgins.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

For Ice or Drayage call II. L.
Grebe, Phone %. No Sunday de-
ltveries. M-19tf.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

J. Owen Reeves, of Glenns Ferry.
with crew of ten men Is finishing I'D
the survey for the state highway de-
partment, between Reverse and the
Yates Center road, and Is making
Mountain Home engineering head
quarters for the Job.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

1t 10 suggested from e. G. Helfrich
that next year camping place be
arranged for the use of those who de-
sire to come In from outside points
for the Chautauqua week.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Mr.. and Mrs. 0. L. Long motored
over from Boise Sunday for short
visit with Mrs. Longs sister, Mrs.
w. r. Argo.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

John A. Jordan, who was given a
Jail sentence last winter for alleged
adultry, was released the first of the
week.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

FOR SALE-Horse and mare,
and 10, both sorrel, weights about
100. Part time.
June 20 July 6 +. l.. Pierce
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Judge F. G. Smith, who has been
taking treatment for stomach trouble
at st. Alphonsus' hospital during the
past week, is reported as much i'm
proved and will probably be able to
return home within a short time.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
Classified Hos.

FOR SALE-Nearly new Deering
mower in first class condition at a
bargain price. A. A. STEVENS.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

The second payment on the Lib
erty Loan" bonds Is due and payable
on June 28th. The payment is IS
per cent of your subscription and Is
payable at the bank where you
bought your bonds.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

John Hammond is In charge of
August Allan's big truck, hauling
wool in and supplies out to Dixie.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Sheriff Stevens made q trip to
Rome, Nevada, the first of the week,
looking for some horses that had dis
appeared.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Send your kodak films TO Helms
studio. Mountain Home, to be devel-
pred and printed and tell your friends
shout Helms Autographs Prints.
Films developed 15c. Autographs
prints 10.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

For Ice or Drayage call H. L.
Grebe, Phone %. No Sunday de-
liveries. M-19tf.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

The second payment on the LIB
erty Loan" bonds is due and payable
on June 28th. The payment is IS
per cent of your subscription and is
payable at the bank where you
bought your bonds.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

There will be no meeting of the
Red Cross Monday afternoon but the
organization will combine with the
mems soliciting committee for the
meeting at the Standard theatre
Thursday night, June 2s, and make
a rousing meeting on that date.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

FOR RNNT-Two or three furnish
I'd rooms for light house keeping
Phone 90.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
FOR SALE

One Ford roadster; one Ford tour
ing car; one Overland car; Done
Studebaker truck. All used cars at
low figure. BURK'S GARAGE.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Ed M. Clark was business visitor
from Glenns Ferry Wednesday. Mr..
Clark is cashier Of the Glenns Ferry
bank, one Of the strong banks of this
part of the state.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

LOST-Brown canvas fish bag
and Quadruple reel between Noun
tain Home and Little Camas. Re-
ward for return to Republican office.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
St. James Episcopal Church

Mr.. Walter Ashton of Nampa will
hold services at the church Sunday
June "a, at IL a m. Everybody well
come.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

George Craig and family were In
town from Bruneau Monday and Tues
day attending the ChautauQua.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

News reached this city Of the ar
rival of an eleven pound boy In the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Will
liams at Rizville, Wash, on June IL.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

Mr.. and Mrs. Id. h. Reynolds spent
Sunday in town and took In the
ChautauQua.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

LOST-One sorrel mare weight
about S75, branded on left stifie o
e connected (G). Last seen on
Glover creek about May 20. Re-
ward. Notify Marsseleus Larrigan,
Bliss, Idaho ] 1923.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

TAKEN UP-Two year.old REQ
heifer swallow fork in ear. Giving
milk. Owner call and pay charges. ].
H. Dearinger, Mayfield. J2-16
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

FOR SALE-Twin two speed In,
dian motorcycle In good condition
Apply at Republican office. J9-1t
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

For Ice or Drayage call II. L.
Grebe, Phone %. No Sunday de-
liveries. M-19tf.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23
ER lilo Cd
4 WIElIIAsS "A
L..NMqNEYRSN
'Optomstry means eye service.

Mr.. and Mrs. John w. Caldwell
were visitors at Boise over Sunday.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

FOUND-An umbrella. Owner call
and identify.
Mountain Home Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1915-1946, 1917-06-23

kR lilo I'D
K WlElEN,S a
lNUgNEyRSZJ
"Optomstry means eye service"
Mr.. and Mrs. John w. Caldwell
were visitors at Boise over Sunday.
FOUND-An umbrella. Owner call
and identify.
John Hammond is In charge of
August Allans big truck, hauling
wool in and supplies out to Dixie.
George Craig and family were In
town from Bruneau Monday and Tues
day attending the ChautauQua.
Mr.. and Mrs. I'd. Il. Reynolds spent
Sunday in town and took in the
ChautauQua.
John McGinnis, the well known
Cold Springs rancher and politician,
was In town several days this week.
Mrs. Fred kupersmith of Boise Is
spending few days with Mrs. G. M.
Higgins.
For Ice or Drayage call H. l..
Grebe, Phone %. No Sunday de-
liveries. M-19tf.
Dan Reber was In town from Ben
nett, where he is looking after his
mining interests, for q few days the
first Of the week.
John A. Jordan, who was given a
Jail sentence last winter for alleged
adultry, was released the first of the
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. o. L. Long motored
over from Boise Sunday for a short
visit with Mrs. Longs sister, Mrs.
w. r. Argo.
B. B. Duell stopped over in town
Monday and Tuesday for visit with
his sister, Miss Bertha, on his way
to his home at Portland, Oregon.
Sheriff Stevens made trip to
Rome, Nevada, the first OF the week,
looking for some horses that had dis
appeared.
1t Ia suggested from e. G. Helfrich
that next year camping place be
arranged for the use of those who de-
sire to come in from outside points
for the Chautauqua week.
Ed M. Clark was business visitor
from Glenns Ferry Wednesday. Mr.. |
Clark is cashier of the Glenns Ferry
bank, one Of the strong banks OF this
part Of the state.
The second payment on the Lib
erty Loan" bonds Is due and payable
on June 28th. The payment Is IS
per cent of your subscription and Is
payable at the bank where you
bought your bonds.
The second payment on the LIB
erty Loan" bonds is due and payable
on June 2Sth. The payment is Is
per cent of your subscription and is
payable at the bank where you
bought your bonds.
There will be no meeting of the
Red Cross Monday afternoon but the
organization will combine with the
mems soliciting committee for the
meeting at the Standard theatre
Thursday night, June 2s, and make
a rousing meeting on that date.
J. Owen Reeves, of Glenns Ferry,
with crew of ten men Is finishing I'D
the survey for the state highway de-
partment, between Reverse and the
Yates Center road, and is making
Mountain Home engineering head
quarters for the job.
A mass meeting will be held at the
standard theatre, Thursday evening,
June rs, at $3.50 p. M. All Red
Cross members and all interested In
Red Cross work are urged to be
present. A good program is prom
ised and an interesting evening is
No admission fee, no col
lection taken. Come! This means
you.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
4 Il IA
TakeYour Choice

Finest Ser&es and best Worsteds in all.
wool materials, hand finished garment
that will sell every suit in the house at
this price, You skeptical men who
doubt these values, come along and
take a look at them, form your own
opinion about them, buy or not, it's up
to you. No merchant can duplicate this
high class lot of suits at this selling
price of $ll.85. They are all new. up.
to.the.minute styles, no old junk, but
distinctive, sensible models and fabrics
that will please most every conserva'
tive man, and sizes from IS to 46.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
The Conscience.

The conscience is something to strug-
gle with. When mans conscience
bothers him he struggles with it awhile
and gives it few foul blows below
the belt, and, as the poor thing is usual
ly quite feeble at best, he soon has it
laid out on the mat. He can then pro-
coed to do as he knows he shouldn't
without further computations. The
conscience is the worlds greatest Grape
hanger. Itsis not very easy to get rid
Of a conscience, however, unless you
have none in the first place. And
though it is often Il nuisance, if you
really have conscience you will not
care to get rid of troy X. Moulton
in Topeka State Journal.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08


GUS unmarketable materials might be
wasted. Kitchen refuse. not only from
farms, but also from hotels and res
taurants. when cooked before feeding
makes an, excellent diet. y--.,,..
The value of skimmilk as hog feed
is known on every farm. though not
always fully appreciated. In the neigh
borhood of large diaries pork produc-
ton is a very prominent and lucrative
supplement to the dairy industry.
The hog is also a large factor in
cheapening the production of beef.
Hogs following steers have in many
cases increased the profit per steer by
from Sc to 50. But hogs should not
be allowed to follow dairy cattle un-
less the cattle are known to lie free
Of tuberculosis. owing to the disease
danger. -~, -s's..
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
A Fighting Bishop.

On one occasion Bishop Selwyn was
going down the river Waikato with Il
Maori when the latter. who was very
lazy. left off padding the canoe. at the
same time muttering that if Selwyn
were not bishop he would-well. 'go
for him."
In Il moment the bishop told the man
to turn the canoe ashore. where. strip
ping himself of everything episcopal.
be said. pointing to his robes. ETC.:
The bishop lies there; the man is here.
am quite ready. Come on" T..
The Maori did not come on" how
ever. but quietly resumed his work
without another murmur.-LOndon Tit
Bits.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
MONEY IN HOG RAISING.
Next to Poultry Swine Are Most Prof.
e. -. table Of Farm Animals.

Next to Poultry Swine Are Most Prof
80 - itabie$of Farm Animals.
The meat supply of the country can
be increased more quickly by the hog
route than by any other. The country's
need to augment its supply is great.
but prevailing high prices alone should
be sufficient inducement to farmers to
raise more hogs. The prospect of sue
cess never was brighter. The high
prices ruling in all markets show that
the demand for pork is in excess OF
the supply.
Hogs fit into the modern scheme OF
farming on nearly every farm and are
one Of the most important animals to
raise both for meat and for money
They require less labor less equipment
and less capital, make greater gains per
hundred pounds. of concentrates fed
reproduce themselves faster and in
greater numbers and give a quicker
turn over Of money than any other
animal, except poultry. Il: VII
! The hog has no rival as a consumer
Of byproducts, and but for him nur1er.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
Cheaper ]
..... Than
0'veralls

Turning the shoe stock upside down. selling out the gr
est values ever known the stock to 90 regardless Of
mer prices or COST the values and offerings are beyond
dress, the styles and sizes we'll assorted and to
now at choice pair and $685. SO so and $3.50
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
Bedou;n Girls.

From birth Bedouin girl is the prop
erty of her eldest male cousin, and be-
fore she can marry any one else she
must obtain his release of her affec-
tons. Cousins marry often there. 1t is
the desire of the land that they should
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
KILLING cUTWoRMs.

An Effective Remedy Is Poisoned and
Sweetened Bait.
q Few are the gardeners who are so
fortunate as never to have seen their
young plants destroyed by cutworms.
It is perfectly possible to destroy
these pests, however. A common and
effective remedy is the poisoned bait,
which is mixed and applied as follows:
Take bushel OF dry bran. add a
pound q white arsenic or paris green
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08
Buried Bottle Glass.

Very old bottle glass that has been
in the ground for long time presents
most beautiful features. The action Of
the damp earth causes portion of the
glass to fake. and what remains is iri-
descent. 4zs.a-. . =. 4<.s;ei:- ~ Ss8aga
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08

A knot is used at sea like our mile
on land. 1t is 6.OSO feet. A mile is
$3.50 feet.
A tree that is 100 feet high is used
as q wireless station mast in a Central
American city. 81. & 80 i FL ~
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08

II 'Pessia It II the custom to make
1eeaenta Of leggs richly gilded and
pafnfed:, The Pertains give presents
a. AGGIs on the nrst day OF the new
yearg tss,becauss the egg marks the BE-
shining OF thinSD." !sruG
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1917-06-08

and mix it thoroughly into mash with
eight gallons Of water, in which has
been stirred half gallon Of sorghum
or other cheap molasses. (Arsenic and
paris green are deadly poisons, handle
them with great care.) This amount
will be sufficient for the treatment OF
about four or five acres of cultivated
crops. After the mash has stood for
several hours, scatter it in Jumps about
the size of a marble over the fields
where the injury is beginning to appear
and about the bases Of the plants set
cut Apply late in the day so as to
place the poison about the plants be-
tire night, which is the time when the
cutworms are active. Apply q second
time IL necessary. Keep children, live
seock, and chickens away from this
halt e. ~. ,.+t -,t ~ u