davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
BACK HAUL WILL BE
FINALLY Determined

TO present Nevada's arguments be
fore the Interstate Commerce Com
mission in support of the recommended
lions made by Henry Thurtell. specia,
examiner for the commission, that all
back haul charges from Pacific Coast
terminals to points in the intermoun
tain territory should be eliminated
Chairman II. f. Bartine and First As
ISOLATE Commission J. f. Shaugh.
messy OF the state railroad commits.
sion leave for Washington tonight.
says the Gazette. The hearing is set
for April 4.
The recommendation OF Examiner
Thurtell was made only recently and
following hearings held by him al Salt
Lake City and San Francisco on what
are commonly known as the inter.
mountain rate cases. He based his
on the finding that
water competition no longer exists and
s not likely TO exist for some time TO
,ome because all of the freight carry.
ng vessels have gone out OF the coast
rade and now are being used in the
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
APPLICATION NO. 1929

Notice of Application for Permission
to Appropriate the Public Waters OF
the State of Nevada.
Notice is hereby given that on the
Goth day of February. 1917, in accord.
ance with Section So, Chapter no, OF
the Statutes of 1913, one Frank II.
Horn, of Tuscarora. County of Elko,
and State OF Nevada, made application
TO the State Engineer of Nevada for
permission to appropriate the public
waters ofthe State OF Nevada Such
appropriation is to be made from Mt.
Bitten Creek, at point in the NWH
of NEA, Sec. 3, T. SO N, r. 81 E.,
NJ. d. B. & NJ, by means OF a dam,
and 30 cubic feet per second is to be
conveyed to the SEA of NEA, SEA,
Sec. 3. WIZ of NEH, SEA of NWh
Sec. 10, T. 80 N, II. 81 E, NJ. d. b. &:
NJ, by means of bitches, and there
used for irrigation purposes, from May
until September of each year. Water
not to be returned to stream.
W. NJ. KEARNEY. State Engineer.
First publication March $, 1917.
Last publication April 8. 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30

transportation of war material and In
South American traffic.
Commissioner Shaughnessy said to
day that the adoption Of the Thurtell
recommendations by the interstate
commerce commission means a great
deal for Nevada and other intermoun.
tain states.
"If the recommendations are adopt.
ed, and we believe they will be-" said
Mr.. Shaughnessy today, ut means that
in many cases rates from eastern
points to Nevada will be much lower,
and in no case higher. than the rates
TO Pacific Coast terminal points. The
Thurtell recommendation is that all
back haul charges be eliminated to
intermountain points. or course the
railroad companies and the Pacific
coast jobbers will oppose the recon-
mendation on the ground that water
competition warrants and makes
necessary back haul charges. In the
face of the Thurtell finding that wa
ter competition no longer exists and
thaat there is TO probability that it
will be a factor for some time to come
l cannot see how the interstate COM
merce commission can refuse to adopt
his recommendations"
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
APPLICATION NO. 1870

Notice of Application for Permission
to Appropriate the Public Waters OF
the State of Nevada
Notice is hereby given that on the
23rd day OF March. 1917, in accord
ance with Section So. Chapter 40, OF
the Statutes of 1913. one Robert w
Anderson, of Deeth, County OF Elko,
and State of Nevada made applica.
ton to the state engineer OF Nevada
for permission to appropriate the pub.
lie waters of the State OF Nevada.
Such appropriation is to be made from
Wild Cat Spring, at a point in the
SEA of NWA. Sec. 20. T. 43 N, r.
90 E, NJ. ID. u. & NJ, by means OF
pipes and troughs, and one-half cubic
cubic foot per second is to be con-
veyed to the SEA of NWA, Sec. IS,
I. 43 N. II. SO E., NJ. ID. b. & NJ,
by means of pipes and troughs, and
there used for stock watering pur-
poses. Water not to be returned to
stream.
w. VI. KEARNEY, State Engineer.
First publication March 90, 1917.
Last publication April 20, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE.

To c. ID. Dorsey Estate--You are
hereby notified that have expended
Three hundred dollars $1,000 In labor
and improvements upon the Golden
Fissure No. l, Golden Flssure No. 2.
Golden Flssure No. mining claims in
Gold Circle Mining district, Elko
County. Nevada, as will appear By Ger.
titicate filed in the office OF the re-.
corder OF said county In order 10 hold
said premises under the provision OF
section 1924 revised statutes OF the
United States being the amount re-
quired to hold tho same for abe year
ending December 81, 1916, and 10 with.
in ninety days after the publication of
this notice, you fail or refuss 10 con.
tribute your proportion OF such sIpen.
diture as a co-owner your interest In
said claims Will become the property
OF the subscriber under section s32I.
GEORGE wURTH.
First publication, Jan. s, 1877.
last publication. April 8, rS17.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
FOOT AND MOUTH
DISEASE NOT PRESENT

Reports that there had been an out.
break of the foot and mouth disease
among sheep of Lander county are
shown to have been untrue from the
telegram received this morning by
w. b. Mack, director of the state vet
Urinary control service for Nevada
from DIR. Lockett who was sent to in
vestigate the reports, says the Gazette
DIR. +. +. Murray of Salt Lake
United States veterinary inspector, ad
vised me by wire Monday morning"
said Dr. Mack, that the forest super.
visor at Austin reported that he had
found what he suspected to be an out
break of foot and mouth disease
among sheep of Lander county. DR.
Lockett of the veterinary control ser
vice was Immediately sent to inves
tigate and wired me this morning
that the trouble is necrotic sore
mouths and feet, disease frequently
met with, but which is not highly con
tagious and gives not the slightest
occasion for alarm.
This latter disease is entirely sep.
parate and distinct from foot and
mouth disease, bearing no relation TO
1t whatsoever. 1t is common oc-
currence among sheep and probably
no quarantine measures will be found
necessary"
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
APPLICATION NO. 1855

Notice of Application for Permission
to Appropriate the Public Waters
of the State of Nevada.
Notice is hereby given that on the
18th day of March. 1917, in accordance
with Section SO, Chapter 40, of the
Statutes of 1913, one Domingo Oruesa.
gasti, OF Lamoille, County of Elko and
State of Nevada, made application to
the State Engineer of Nevada for per.
mission to appropriate the public wa.
tiers of the State of Nevada. Such
appropriation is to be made from La
noble Creek, at point in the NWH
of NWh, Sec. 80, T. 81 NJ, II. IS
E., M. ID. d. G NJ, by means of a dam,
and five cubic feet per second is to be
conveyed to Lot 4, SWA of NWA,
SWh, and VIZ, Sec. 4, r. 81 N, X. 6S
e.. M. ID. b. e NJ, by means of bitches,
and there used for irrigation and do.
nestle purposes, from April LIST until
September Both OF each year Water
not to be returned to stream.
w. NJ. KBARNEY, State Engineer.
First publication March 20, 1917.
Last publication April 20, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
Legal Blanks for
Sale at This Office
APPLICATION NO. 1859

Notice of Application for Permission
to Appropriate the Public Waters
of the State of Nevada
Notice is hereby given that on the
22nd day of March, 1917, in accordance
with Section SO, Chapter 40, of the
Statutes of 1913, one Robert S. Car
michael, of Tuscarora, County OF
Elko, and State of Nevada, made ap.
plication to the State Engineer OF
Nevada for permission to appropriate
the public waters of the State OF Ne
vada. Such appropriation is to be
made from Champion Greek, at a
point in the NWA of SEA, Sec. Sc,
T. IL N, r. 81 E, NJ. d. b. & NJ, by
means of a dam, and 1.6 cubic feet
per second is to be conveyed to Lots
2, 3 and 4. Sec. 81, r. IL N, r. SO
e, and SEA of SEH, Sec. Sc, T. IL
N, r. 81 E, NJ. d. B. & NJ, by means
of bitches, and there used for irriga-
ton purposes, from April until Aug
ust of each year. Water not to be
returned to stream.
w. NJ. KEARNEY, State Engineer.
First publication March 20, 1917.
Last publication April 30, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
Elko 0953
Carson 07709

Elko 0953
Carson O7709
Department Of the Interior, u. s.
Land Office at Elko. Nevada. March
10, 1917.
Notice is hereby given that
ADELE s. RoSSI. OF Lamoille, Elko
county. Nevada. who, on March 6.
1913. made Desert Land Application.
Carson City 077O9. now Elko. No. O953,
for NEA; NWA SEA, Section &c,
Township "a North. Range 81 East,
Mt. Diablo Base and Meridian. has
filed notice OF intention to make final
proof, to establish claim to the land
above described, before the Register
and Receiver of the U. S. Land Office,
at Elko, Nevada, on the 10th day OF
April. 1917. Claimant names at wit
nesses: GABRIEL Rossi, of Lemoille,
Nevada; Henderson Dewar, of La
noble, Nevada; Paul Cudici, OF Elko,
Nevada; Matilde Gudici, OF Elko Ne
vada.
JOHN E. ROBBINS, Register.
First publication March IL, 1917.
Last publication April IL, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE OF PUBLICATION

02935
Elko, Nevada, Land Office, March g.
1917.
Notice is hereby given that JOEL
l.. BLACKBURN. OF Reno. County OF
Washoe, State of Nevada, has filed in
this Office his application to enter, un.
der the provisions OF Sections 1906
1907, Revised Statutes of the United
States, the following described land,
viz: The west half of the northeast
quarter Wh of NED of Section 81.
Township "A North. Range 50 East.
NJ. d. b. & NJ, containing 80 acres.
ANY and all persons claiming adverse.
ly the lands described, or desiring to
object because of the mineral char
acter OF the land. or for any other rea-
son, TO tho disposal to applicant,
should file their alIldavits Of protest
in this Office, on or before the goth
day of April, 1917.
JOHN Z. ROBBINS, Register.
First publication March 20, 1917.
Last publication. April "a, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
SOCIALISTS DEMAND
IMMEDIATE REFORMS

/ COPENHAGEN, March 3O.-The de
mand for the immediate introduction
OF internal reforms in Germany, par.
| ticularly in Prussia, which the Social.
ist and radical parties have been advo.
eating for months, has received strong
impetus from the Russian revolution.
The press organs of these parties, not
ably the Berlin Vorwaerts, declares
that Russia's revolt to democracy
leaves Germany and Austria Hungary
alone among the belligerents as repre-
sentatiyes of non parliamentary re-
gimes and necessitates German re-
forms without waiting for the end of
the war; as Chancellor Won Bethmann-
Hollweg advocates.
The Vorwaerts declares that other
wise the conviction of the entente ma
tons that they are now fighting for
the freedom of the world against an
tiquated modes of government will
grow stronger and stronger. In Wed.
nesday mornings leader the Vor.
waerts attacks the chancellor on this
score more vigorously than at any
time since the paper passed in the
CONTROL of the moderate Socialists.
II abandons entirely the attitude OF
support which the Socialists under
Scheidemann's leadership have been
extending to the chancellor and EN-.
ploys the sharp language of ante bel
lum days. The attitude of the other
Socialist papers also leaves little
doubt that campaign on this issue is
about to be launched in the reich.
stag.
| More remarkable, however, is a
phrase in the Cologne Gazette" from
which it might be deduced that the
chancellor is considering some imme
date action on the reform of tn,
Prussian franchise, despite his de
claration of March Is that such
reform should be postponed unit
peace was restored. Referring to tn,
Russian revolution, the Gazette says
| Should the chancellor become con
WINGED that 1t is inadvisable to defe
changes in the Prussian system which
he has declared necessary and advan
tageous until peace, but on the con
trary to give them n more definit,
form now, this newspaper would no
| criticise him.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
Elko O9S9
Carson O7829


Department of the Interior, U. S.
Land Office at Elko, Nevada, March
81, 1917.
Notice is hereby given that AL
BERT TRESCARTES, of Lamoille,
Elko County, Nevada. who, on May 2,
1913, made Carson City Desert Land
Application O7S29, now Elko, No. O9S9,
for west half of northwest quarter,
Section 26, Township 80 north, Range
81 east, Mt. Diablo Base and Meridian,
has filed notice of intention to make
final proof, to establish claim to the
land above described, before the regis.
ter and receiver of the u. S. Land OF.
flee at Elko, Nevada, on the 9Th
day of May, 1917. Claimant names
at witnesses: Charles Trescartes, OF
Lamoille, Nevada; John McKenney, OF
Lamoille, Nevada; James Fraser, OF
Lamoille, Nevada: Edward McDer
mott. of Lamoille, Nevada.
JOHN L. ROBBINS, Register.
First publication, March 20, 1917.
Last publication, April %, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

In the District Court of the Four Judi.
cial District of the State of Nevada.
In and For the County OF Elko.
In the matter of the estate of VIII.
liam G. Hall, deceased.
Notice is hereby given, that by an
order of the district court of tho
Fourth Judicial District of the State
Of Nevada, in and for the County OF
Elko, duly made and entered on the
10th day of March A. ID. 1917 the un.
dersigned was duly appointed as adj.
ministratrix In the ancillary admins.
tration OF the estate of said deceased.
and that she has qualified as such.
Notice is further given that any
and all persons having claims against
said decedent or the said estate, must
file the same with the clerk of the
above entitle court, with proper
vouchers and the statutory AFFIDAVIT
attached, within ninety (9O) days from
the date Of the FIRST publication of
this notice, or their claims will be
forever barred.
Dated this 22nd day OF March, A. d.
1917.
MARION r. HALL.
First publication March ~, 1917.
Last publication April ~, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
Elko 0i39
Carson 06OO1


Department of the Interior, u. S.
Land ONCE at Elko. Nevada, March 9,
1917.
Notice is hereby given that OSCAR
Miller, of Tuscarora, Elko County,
Nevada, who, on April &c. 1911. made
Desert Land Application, Carson City
O6OOl, now Elko, No. 0i39, for SWA
SWA Sec. Is; SEA SEA Sec. Is;
VIZ NWA; NWA SWA Sec. 20;
NEh SEA; Eh NEA Section 81
Township 40 North, Range 81 East,
Mt Diablo Base and Meridian. has
filed notice OF intention to make final
proof, to establish claim to the land
above described, before the Register
and Receiver of the U. S. Land Office,
at Elko. Nevada, on the 18th day OF
April. 1917. Claimant names at wit.
nesses: Dean II. Young, OF Tuscarora,
Nevada; Daniel C. McKenna, OF Tus.
carora, Nevada; William A. Huntley,
of TuscarOra, Nevada; Frank E
Hickey. of Tuscarora, Nevada.
JOHN e. ROBBINS, Register.
First publication March 10, 1917.
Last publication April IL. 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE OF PUBLICATION
Elko 0963
Carson 07741

Department of the Interior, y. s
Land ONCE at Elko, Nevada, March %
1917.
Notice is hereby given that JOHN
JEWETT, of Lamoillc, Nevada, who
on March 26, 1913, made homestead
application, Carson City O7741, under
act Of June II, 19O6..Llst 4.1O7i. now
Elko oo6S, for sEH. Section 2s.
Township 80 North, Range IS East.
Mt. Diablo Base and Meridian, has
filed notice Of intention to make final
three year proof, TO establish claim TO
the land above described. before the
register and receiver OF the U. s.
Land ONCE, at Elko. Nevada, on the
9th day OF April, 1917 Claimant
names at witnesses: Frank Harmer,
Of Lamoille, Nevada; Ralph Mccoy, OF
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

In the District Court OF the Fourth
Judicial District OF the State of Ne.
vada. In and For the County of Elko.
In the matter OF the estate of Ed
ward Todd, deceased.
Notice is hereby given, that by an
order of the district court OF the
Fourth Judicial District of the State
of Nevada, in and for the County OF
Elko, duly made and entered on the
18th day of March, A. d. 1917, the un.
dersigned was duly appointed as exc.
cutor of the last will and testament
of said deceased, and that he has
qualified as such and letters tesla.
mentary have duly issued to him.
Notice is further given that any and
all persons having claims against said
decedent or the said estate, must file
the same with the clerk of the above
entitled court, with proper vouchers
and the statutory affidavit attached
within three months from the date OF
first publication Of this notice, or their
claims will be forever barred.
Dated this 18th day OF March, A. d.
1917.
JAMES D. GEISELMAN.
Executor of the last Will and tesla.
ment of Edward Todd, deceased.
OTTO T. WILLIAMS,
Attorney for Executor.
First publication March 10, 1917.
hast publication April 10, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30

BIDS FOR TOWN PRINTING FOR
THE TOWN OF ELKo OF ALL
MATTERS REQUIRED TO BE AD-
VERTIsED AND SUCH MATTERS
AS ARE MENTIONED HEREUN.
DER
Sealed proposals endorsed "Propos.
ais for printing Town of Elko bust
ness" will be received by Robert b.
Hunter, Clerk of the Board of County
Commissioners of the County Of Elko,
State of Nevada, up to ten O'Clock
a. NJ. Of the 9th day of April, A. D..
1917, at which time said bids will be
opened and read publicly. Each bid
der shall submit his bid, or bids, for
printing all town business required
by law to be advertised in the official
paper for said town. also for printing
tax rolls and delinquent lists and all
other matters required to be adver.
tised or printed under the head of
town advertising or town printing.
Said bids shall be submitted as fol.
lows: at the rate of so much per
month or so much per NJ. No com.
bination bid will be accepted The
successful bidder shall be required to
execute a good and sufficient bond in
the sum of five hundred dollars
($5OO.O0). The right is hereby reserved
to reject any and all bids.
BY order of the Board OF County
Commissioners of the County OF Elko
State of Nevada. acting as a Tow1
Board for the Town of Elko, COUNTY
of Elko, State OF Nevada.
! (SeaD ROBERT II. HUNTER,
Clerk Of said Board
First publication, March l, 1917.
Last publication, March 81, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
Carson 0767A

Carson 07674
Department of the Interior, u. 8
Land Office at Elko, Nevada, March
10, 1917.
Notice Is hereby given that GA.
BRlEL ROSST, OF LamoIlle. Elko
County. Nevada. who, on February 81,
1913, made Homestead Application.
Carson City O7674, now Blko No. Oo35.
for SWh Section "a. Township 81
North, Range 81 East, Mt. Diablo
Base and Meridian, has filed notice
OF intention to make final three year
proof. to establish claim TO tho land
above described. before the Register
and Receiver of the U. s. Land ONCE.
at Elko, Nevada, on tho 10th day of
April. 1917 Claimant names as wit.
nesses: Adele Rossl, OF Lamoille. Ne.
vada; Matilde GudicI, OF Elko, Ne
vade; Paul Gudici, of Blko, Nevada:
Henderson Dewar OF Lamollle, Ne
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
Elko Serial No. 02l7A

bIhO serial No. 0247i
Elko, Nevada, Land Office, March s.
1917. -
Notice Is hereby given that JAY II.
CLEMoNS, OF Reno, County Of
Washoe, State of Nevada, has filed in
this office his application TO enter.
under the provisions OF Sections 2SOg.
2SO1 Revised Statutes OF the United
states, the following described land
VIZ: The south half of the southwest
quarter tSh OF swK) OF Section 20.
township IL North, Range 40 East.
NJ d. b. & NJ, containing eighty (so)
acres Any and all persons claiming
adversely the lands described. are do.
string to object because of the min.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30

Lamoille, Nevada; John McKenney. OF
Lamoille. Nevada; Harry Conrad. OF
Elko. Nevada.
JOHN E. ROBBINS. Register.
First publication March "a. 1917.
Last publication April "a, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30

eral character Of the land. or for any
other reason. to the disposal OF ap,
plicant. should file their afldavits of
protest in this office. on or before the
Goth day OF April. 1917.
JOHN E. ROBBINS. Register.
First publication March II. 1917.
Last publication April 20. 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30

In the District Court OF the Fourth
Judicial District OF the State of Ne
vada, In and For the County OF Elko
In the matter of the estate of Chin
On, deceased.
Notice is hereby given that the un.
dersigned has been appointed by an
order OF the above entitled court, ad-
ministratrix of the estate of Chin On,
deceased. and has qualified as such ad-
ministratriX. Notice is hereby given
that all persons having claims against
said estate must file them with the
statutory affidavit annexed with the
clerk of the above entitled court with
in forty days from the date of this
notice or they will be forever barred.
Dated March 20, 1917.
HON SHEE,
Administrators of the Estate of Chin
On, deceased.
First publication March 90, 1917.
Last publication April 20. 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30

could do in any branch OF service
which the emergency might call for,
but, assuming its sympathy. moral and
substantial, for the allied cause. the
next great requisite is wisdom
Christian Science Monitor.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
WARNING.

Hunting. Fishing and Shooting Is
strictly prohibited on all OF our
ranches. on Mary's River and both the
SeVenty-one ranches. Tresspassers
will be prosecuted according to law.
Nevada Land & Livestock Co.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30
BIDS FOR COUNTY PRINTING OF
ALL MATTERS REQUIRED TO BE
ADVERTISED AND SUCH MAT.
TIERS AS ARE MENTIoNE
HEREUNDER

ADVERTISED AND SUCH MAT.
TIERS AS ARE mENTIoNE
HEREUNDER
Sealed proposals endorsed "Propos.
ais for printing county business" will
be received ky Robert b. Hunter. Clerk
of the Board Of County Commissioners
Of the County of Elko, State of Ne
vada, up to ten o'clock 4. NJ. of the
9th day OF April, A. d. 1917, at which
time said bids will be opened and
read publicly. Each bidder shall sub.
nit a bid, or bids, for printing all
county business required by law to be
advertised in the official paper OF said
county, also for printing the tax roll
and delinquent list, or delinquent lists,
and all other matters required TO be
advertised or printed under the head
OF county advertising or county print.
ing. Said bids shall be submitted n
follows: at the rate OF so much nor
month or so much per NJ, and the
time OF the contract to run from the
time of acceptance of the bid to and
including the 1st day of January, A. d.
1919, with a provlso that the Board
OF County Commissioners, or their sue.
cessors, may at their option continue
the contract in force for a period of
not to exceed three months after the
LIST day OF January, A. d. 1919. No
combination bid will be accepted. The
successful bidder will be required to
execute a good and sufficient bond In
the sum OF twelve hundred dollars
G12OO.O0). The right Is hereby re.
served to reject any and all bids.
BY order OF the Board OF County
tseaD ROBERT u. HUNTER,
Clerk Of said Board.
First publication, March 1, 1917.
Last publication, March 81, 1917.
Elko independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1915-current, 1917-03-30

JOHN E. ROBBINS. Register.
First publication March II. 1917.
Last publication April IL. 1917.