The Ordway new era., 1917-07-20
Dairy Farming
and Its Benefits
RAISING THE STANDARD

kept LOT tnelf mix 40 not pay Tor
their cost of keeping, and nearly a
fourth more fail to yield an annual
profit. AS a matter of ordinary busi-
ness prudence and a condition essen
tial to best results. every dairyman
should study the Individuality of his
cows, keep a sufficient record of guam
tity and quality of milk product,
know approximately the cost of pro-
duction, and Systematically weed out
his herd. After proper consideration
and practical tests as to possibilities,
set standard for a satisfactory COW
and maintain this standard by
promptly disposing of the animals
which fail to attain it, unless reason
able excuse appears, with the pros
pect of better conduct in the future,
and gradually but persistently raise
the standard.
ACCOMMODATIONS FOR THE
HERD
Stabling-The large and lofty barn
in which to keep the cattle and the
crops the manure and farm imple-
ments, all within four rectangular
walls and under one roof. can no long
er be regarded as perfection No
matter how well arranged and how
thoro the ventilation, the danger
of loss and damage is too great. 1t
is well to house all the forage, and a
large storage building may be nee
essary. Economy of labor requires
the forage to be easily placed before
the cattle. The best modern prac-
tice calls for separate or slightly
attached building for the cows. with
no manure cellar under them and no
large quantity of forage above them.
and preferably none at all. The best
provision for such manure as can not
be at once applied to the land is an
open shed or covered yard. The cow
house should be on the ground level.
rather than in a basement, and be
light. dry and roomy.
HIGH ROOF PREFERABLE
A room open to the roof. which is
fairly high, is better than a low,
level ceiling above tne cows. The
former may involve a little more
work to keep free from dust and cob
webs, but it affords the air space
needed for health and comfort. The
latter necessitates special arrange
ment for ventilation, and this, con-
p, cf fod tho haof r1o foil 10
to work in practice. Sanitary au-
thorities advise 500 cubic feet Of
space for every animal but the best
COW house the writer has seen allows
none too much. Where the climate
will permit, there is no better plan
than to let cows stand upon the
ground, the clay or earth being pack
ed hard and raised somewhat above
the level around the building; shall
low cutters behind the cows and a
feeding floor in front of them. More
durable floors. and quite expensive,
are made of grouting and cement, or
of brick on edge; but such are often
damp and cold. causing rheumatism
and other ailments, unless covered
with false floor of wood or provided
with an unusual abundance of bed
ding
BOX STALLS THE IDEAL
Box stalls are undoubtedly the
ideal for cows as well as horses; in
box to 10 feet square COW may be
left united, and II supplied with
enough bedding she will keep clean
and we'll although the stall is not
cleaned out for months at a time.
But such boxes for a large herd re-
quire too much room Every COW
should have her own stall. however.
wide enough for comfort of COW and
mixer, and well protected from the
neighbors OH either side; 3k feet
width is little enough and feet is
better.
Ties-From the great variety of
cattle ties one should be selected
which combines. in greatest measure,
freedom Of movement, comfort, and
cleanliness. There are serious objec-
tions to all stanchions; II some form
of this device is insisted upon, let it
be one which is SO hung as to move
a few inches in any direction. A de-
sirable substitute for q stanchion is
q wide strap or light chain around
the neck, with q ring At the throat
(this part to be always worn by the
cow). and . snap, with few links of
chain, attached to an iron ring which
moves freely upon " inch post.
fastsned upright at the middle OF the
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