davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-04-18
VERY BUM

Telephone Service Continues To Get
No Better Very Steadily
Conditions in the telephone service
OF Wheeling continue 10 grow rapid
" no better. II Is Z general comment
among business people. merchants
and professional men. that the deter
ioration OF me Bell service during the
past year has beer most marked.
The ordinary experience OF Il caller
on the Bill line at the. present time
Is to be told that the place wanted IS
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-04-18
DYING AT WESTON
Sheriff Asked To Locate Relatives or
Lizzie Steine Mogg

4 telegram from authorities Ill tue
state hospital 1T Weston Yesterday
asked Sheriff Howard Hastings TO To-
cafe relatives OF Lizzie Sicine Nogg.
The woman is said 10 be- dying Al the
state institution. she Was sent there
from Ohio county in 1855.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-04-18
FINANCE COMMITTEE MEETS.

Members Of the finance committee
of the Wheeling chapter, American
Red Cross Society, met yesterday al
tcrnnon and transacted a number Of
routine matters. The members mani
tested great interest in plans dis.
cuSscd.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-04-18

to Il years, SOC.
Little Yoke Dresses for the
baby just beginning 10 walk,
very fancy skirt and neat yoke,
CSC.
Lingerie Caps and Carriage
Hats for babies and little girls,
II ad W ear daintily trimmed
with rosebuds and ribbons, SOC
to $500. Second floor
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-04-18
VERDICT FOR S38.86
EranzheIm Wins Suit Over Garage
Contract in Part II, Cir
cult Court.

A Jury n circuit. court. yesterday
awarded Architect L. Il. Franzhiem
$3S.S6 in suit against Joseph Spel-
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-03-10

will buy your old newspapers, mag
azines. catalogues and books when
folded clean in packages OF not less
than 20 to 80 pounds Rummage
Auction Co., by j. f. Gunckel, Mgr
81. J. Simpson has some good alfai-
ia hay for sale. If you want hay
phone IOO5.-Adv i 2t
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-03-10
DIR. F. w. sWEARINGEN.

The Topeka eye-sight specialist, will
be in wa-Keeney To fit glasses at the
American hotel, Monday, March 18th.
Special attention given to old people
and children. Don't forget the date,
Monday, March 12th.-Adv 1 2t
For Sale or Trade-A good black
family driving horse. E. A. Court
ney. Adv. 1tf.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-03-10

J. F. Brock, optometrist of Law
renee, Kansas, will be at Penny Hotel
Friday, March 23rd. Your ewes need
protection. Have then examined,
and glasses correctly fitted. All work
guaranteed. Please come early. LIT
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1917-03-10

For Sale-Eyerbearing strawberry
plants, Progressive or Superb, 200 TOR
81. IS; hardy forest trees for shade,
grove or ornament, S1.00 per 100.
Wickham Berry Farm, Salem, Ne
braSka.-Adv. 2t
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
Labor Plus Science
Yields Maximum Output

OF these factors the more efficient
use of men will yield by far the
largest and most rapid gain. In the
words of b. s. Rowntree, the name
of whose firm and its partners is
known equally for business success
and for devotion to the interests Of
workers. scientific methods Of using
labor to the fullest advantage, with
the objective of securing the maxi
mum output. are not only necessary
now, but Of vital Importance to our
own industrial future Such meth
DDS have been tried in this country
here and there, often only tentative
". often in the face of persistent
ard sometimes successful opposition.
They may not be applicable univer-
sally. The small jobbing foundry,
for instance, whose output is con-
sumed greedily for minor construc-
tional work and for breakdowns,
might often gain little by substitut-
ing modern methods for the constant
cooperation and supervision of its
practical proprietors. At the other
end of the metallurgical scale, no
present substitute can be offered in
the teeming of steel for the eye and
judgment of the skilled melter. and
the practice that he bases on them.
As against the minute number Of
exceptions the work Of Taylor and
his followers, pursued in actual prac
tice over the last thirty years, has
shown on q great scale and prac
tically unlimited variety Of opera
tons that the intelligent use Of labor
may not merely add TO its output, but
in the large majority of instances
will multiply it manifold.
To these economics must be added
those that can be effected by the use
OF special processes and tools. Per-
haps the best recent example of this
is the substitution of machine-made
matrix-punches for handmade, by
which the same article is produced at
round about | per cent Of its pre-
vious cost. The extended use of die
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
Cooperative Societies
Flourish in Russi
Organized Effort to Develop Agriculture al
Improve Rural Credit Is Given Strong
Impetus by the War

COOPERATIVE societies in Russia,
~ which were first sanctioned in
1865. have achieved a marked and
successful growth in the last ten years.
With a membership to-day of approx
mately 1890, 900. the movement, says
1.-THE Weekly Bulletin Of the Canadian
Department Of Trade and Commerce
has reached a position which is claimed
10 be far ahead Of that Of all the coun-
tries of Western Europe. Taking an
average Of four or FIVE persons IN a
fannie a member OF which is also :
member Of a cooperative society. the
number of people in Russia directly
touched by the movement must be be-
tween forty and fifty millions.
In TO 1905 these societies existed
mainly in the towns and were formed
nv the educated class. the "lntelligen-
zia." as a means OF helping the working
classes. Those societies formed in vii
lagos owed their inception generally 70
land owners. school teachers and others
interested in social improvement. From
1905 onward the people themselves
took M the movement and organized
their own cooperative societies.
The rural credit and loan deposit so
cieties are credited with a membership
Of e5le445. the supply societies with
$40. 900 members and small agrieuit-
ural societies with 100000 members
The latest statistics give the turnover
~ the loan deposit societies alone as
LOO 700. 900 rubles (s5s6,s6O 500, at the
normal exchange rate Of s0.5l5 to the
ruble). thus exceeding the budgets o.
all the zomstvos. as well as the munich
nal budgets OF the Russian towns
In Siberia the success Of coopera-
tive butter making. which started IN
1885. is attributed entirely to the
formation OF butter workers mutual
guaranty societies or "artels," and the
movement spread subsequently to the
Vologda and Archangel governments in
European Russia.
The grouping Of the various coop
sTatiye soeistiss into unions was for a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11

long time opposed by the government
the first union having been sanctioned
in 1901. But it was not until 1911 that
these unions received powers TO carry
out their natural financial operations
In that year the Moscow Peoples Bank
was formed. with 1927 credit societies
as the shareholders This bank nos
since become the most important or.
ganization for financing agricultural
machinery purchases, for the sale OF
agricultural produce and of the cottage
and kustarny manufacturers. Other
important unions are the Ekaterinburc
union "a societies) in the Trails. and
the Siberian union of butter artels (3ls
artels) in 1912. The turnover of this
union in 1914 was 100000 rubles. In
other branches cooperative societies
have been formed for the purchase and
distribution OF agricultural machinery
and implements. Attempts have also
been made to organize the collection.
transportation and sale Of fruit. vego-
tables and eggs on a cooperative basis
In South Russia there are several CO.
operative -four mills. and number o.
societies have been formed for the CON
struction of country grain elevators;
the largest elevators are being provided
by the government
The war has had an invigorating in
Auence or the cooperative movement.
The societies have taken part in organ
izing public effort for supplying the
army with food and clothing, in caring
for refugees and their families and the
families Of those who have been called
TO serve in the war
The influence OF the cooperative
movement and OF its phenomenal de-
velopmcnt is being felt in every part
of Russia. That II must ultimately
modify profoundly the conditions Of
life ana the business habits of the
peasantry in progressive. modern
sense seems beyond question. Espe
cially will this be so if, as seems prob
able. liberal measure OF national cdn-
cation be introduced
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11

clined to accept the present eXtraor-
binary condition as one which VIII
be forced by the very logic Of events
TO continue for an almost indefinite
period. Frenchmen appear to be
less certain Of it. 1t is difficult to
completely eliminate ones moral as
piration in considering the question
The racial disaster which such
condition would precipitate will GER
tainly call forth the most tremen-
dous efforts in its combating. To-day
women are practically doing the
hard work of France. All sorts
of superstitions have been destroyed
They have learned mems best trades
in weeks and days. They are rolling
steel and setting lathes, and the
machinery is holding up astonishing
" under it. They have all the
qualities which have always been
denied them-fortitude, nerve
endurance. obedience, solidarity, 10y
atty. They have inimitable skill
and speed. And they appear to ike
industry itself just as much as they
like independence, occupation ana
high wages.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
Needs Of Country
viii Be Imperative

The chief trade opportunities in
vestigated by the commission had
to do with the reconstruction Of de-
stroyed, damaged and used plants
after the American conception Of
plant organization and the necessary
introduction Of American standard
machinery 10 replace destroyed or
used models, as well as the addition
Of many American labor-saving de-
vices hitherto little known and
scarcely employed in French fac
tories. The field is a large one and
covers a great variety Of industries.
A. present il is impossible for the
French themselves 10 furnish any
estimates Of quantity or value. We
should Immediately send competent
sxperts 10 France TO make thor
ourh study Of requirements In sntici-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11

patton of the reconstruction PERIOD
and make adequate arrangements FOR
rapid delivery once the signing OF
the peace shall have liberated the
industrial classes of the country
from arms back to their homes and
shops. To the commission the I'M
perative advantages Of personal rep
resentation for American industry
were everywhere apparent. Others
will not wait for Frenchmen TO
come to them to buy machinery and
tools, and Frenchmen cannot afford
to wait until the day when recon
struction should set in to examine
the equipment which they must buy.
To-day the Frenchman cannot leave
France to search our markets; VIC
must do the travelling for him and
do it quickly and competently.
The commissioners are also con-
WINGED of the practicability of in
PRODUCING our agricultural imple-
ments upon small French farms.
Community machinery for farmers
is still a theory in France. After
the war it must 60 into practice to
a certain degree, for if one may
assume that the rate of losses which
the war has shown until now should
continue for very long, one farmer
will be faced with the task which
additionally fell to two or three OF
them. Properly designed farm ma
chinery could at once save the agrl-
cultural situation for the period I'M
mediately following the end OF the
war and permanently liberate from
the soil large numbers of men suit
able for industrial pursuits. Our
problem is TO conceive and produce
implements appropriate for small
farm cultivation Immediately, so
that we shall have had some expert
ence of them ourselves before offer
ing the most practical ones to the
French.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
From an article in The Engineering
Supplement Of The London Tip'es.)

IRON an drrtcte w me E"y
Supplement Of The London Tines.)
n RITISH engineering, once 1t
n has exhausted so much Of the
- accumulated work as 1t Will
secure preferentially through its
local advantage, will have to meet
its foreign com petitors, including the
United States and Germany. Apart
from any question Of productive efii-
cheney. these countries will have pc
culiar advantages over the United
Kingdom. The United States will
have amassed large part OF the
wealth that the belhgerent nations
will have lost; and in no hands could
that wealth be a more formidable en-
CINE of competition. No nation has
INQUIRED more anxiously aRd per-
severingly during the last twenty
wears how wealth can be used to the
greatest industrial advantage; and n,
will have an opportunity on larger
scale than ever before Of using the
methods that it has learned and al
ready practised with success.
Germany. on the other hand, in
ferior though she may be in wealth,
will have the benefit both of her es-
tablished commercial organization
and of the greater ability of her citi-
zens to make the most of what they
have. Her organization, and the Elf
cheney with which she spends her
public resources, may be offset imme-
diately or at least rapidly if our own
industrial reforms are effective and
are put into prompt operation.
The other advantage can be less
readily countercd. Germans indi-
vidually not only share with some
ether Continental nations a thrift
and a domestic economy which IS
rare in England, but also can so
practise these habits as nevertheless
to satisfy more than their physical
needs and desires. An Englishman
doubtless makes better use of his
muscles and Of the considerable part
of his mind and soul that is asso-
ciated with his ways of exercising
them. But he cannot, like the Ger
man, provide at little or no cost for
leisure that cannot be spent on
games and desires that they do not
satisfy.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
Opposition to Woman
Labor Is Expected


It would seem to be pretty well
demonstrated that they can replace
men steadily; it is not certain what
would be the fate of all the men II
they we're put against them in a
fair competition, even with relatively
higher wages for women than Tor
the men, taking before-war stand
ards as a basis. 1t is inconcelvable
that the state will permit woman S
cheaper labor to be exploited with
out resorting TO every measure which
can be brought against it. The dam
ger is that it may be case of force
maieure. France is to-day getting
every whit of efficiency out her
women that she is out of her men.
If too few men TO support the
country come home at the peace
the women will work in mems trades
in industry. If they work they will
certainly not bear children; it Will
be impossible for them to bear them
The "repopulation' of France
which means the large increase IN
population-on which the French
count for the permanent malnten-
ance Of victory which they feel is
certain depends in no small measure
upon the solution which the state
NAV be able to find for this most
disuuieting problem Of the war. Our
ability to enter French, as European
and world, trade may depend, too,
IN the final analysis upon the solu-
ton which the statesmen of France
and of Europe devise.
1t was not necessary that the
American industrial delegates should
have spent a week in intimate con-
tact with the front in order for
them to bring back an unforgettable
memory of valor, confidence and
moral sublimity. The girls at the
trip-hammers at st. Chamond, the
amputated and shell blinded out Of
hospital at their tasks, mothers see
ing sons off to the front again from
leave at stations-there were too
many and too moving evidences.
Even the forests of wooden crosses
along the deserted roads of the
Marine, their gay flags waving cheer
to the front beyond, spoke more than
the heart and eye could bear. There
could be no greater, stronger, finer
people. Such people will continue
the tradition of which it has shown
itself so worthy.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
German Spends Less
Than Englishman to Live

This is no light handicap at time
when the craving to make the most
of life is stronger than 1t ever has
been in modern times. 1t means that
a German can keep up given stand
ard Of living, physical and intel
lectual. at less individual cost, and
therefore on a lower wage, than an
Englishman can. To remove this
handicap is doubtless an essential
condition of ultimate industrial con-
tent and success; but in the best
event il will take many years before
in this respect Englishmen will cease
to be at a disadvantage. Years ago
perhaps Scotchmen may have been
better off; but most of their lead dis
appeared when such education az
had been voluntarily and traditional
among them was superseded by the
well intentioned but insufficient &C
tlvities of the state.
To meet this competition, TO pro-
vide for its other outgoings such as
those that have been described, and
TO replace the capital that the nation
has lost-a capital to the body and
income of which industry has 20 look
not only for increasing its means OF
production, but also for maintaining
the buying power of its principal
customer-British industry will have
to earn more. This can be done only
in one way. No greater work can be
got out of a machine than the equiv
olent of the energy that is put into
it; and earnings, which are merely
Industrial products converted into
exchangeable form, can be increased
only by increased production.
Engineers are often tempted to be-
heve that at least their trades could
hold their own and prosper merely
by combining to charge higher prices,
cut of which without increase of pro-
duction they could accumulate capt.
tai. pay higher wages. and reap
larger profits. This would doubtless
be true for time if the combination
and the turnover could be maintained
and the cost Of the goods that en-
gineers consume did not rise to the
same aggregate amount as their own
increase of prices. Such conditions
might exist if the number of en-
gineers was small enough and the
community was shut off from the
natural forces of trade with other
communities. But in any large COM
munity the development of traffic and
communication has made such pro-
lection for engineering or any other
trades impossible, and the very last
country that can expect or should
hope that a great industry should
be shielded from the influence of in
tercommunal and international
forces is the United Kingdom, which
has so large and profitable a share
in the communications of the world.
British engineers have the expe-
rience, let us say of their worse
informed predecessors, to tell them
what commercial calamities may re-
suit from constructing engines and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
BY HARRISON REEVES

wv THEN the European war took
wv on the appearance of per-
W manence which now char
acterizes it American economists
concluded that the trade opportunity
created for the benefit of their cOun-
trymen would extend beyond the
somewhat narrow limits of the mu-
nitions market. The opening of a
third year of the war with none Of
the major belligerents definitely
= worsted seemed to promise a SUI
ficient disturbance of the economic
equilibrium in the world to permit
Of the comparatively rapid entrance
Of the United States into a condition
Of permanent economic world pow
err" Business men had vaguely Gull
tivated this aspiration for several
years previous to the war, and 1t
was inevitable that they should rec
cgnize so exceptional an opportunity
for its realization. The financial
community early appreciated its spe-
cial opportunities and manufactur-
ers and merchants soon followed.
Our inexperience in foreign trade
caused some hesitation, and 1T was
only by suggestion from abroad that
the idea received its initiation into
a practical measure.
In the autumn of 1915 French
industrial commission visited the
United States with the object of de-
tcrmining 10 what extent France
could improve the efficiency of her
industry by the adoption of Ameri-
can methods. The French Govern
ment expressed its satisfaction with
the suggestion contained in the re-
mort of its commission by inviting
The American Manufacturers Elk
oort Association to send technical
Industrial commission to France.
The commission was formed, sailed
q the end of August, toured the
chief industrial and commercial cen
tres of France for seven weeks and
has recently returned.
1t was the writer's privilege TO
accompany the commission, and 1T
f., by the courtesy of its chairman.
Mr.. ". W. Nichols, vice-chairman
Of the Allis-Chalmers Manufactur-
ing Company, that he is permitted
TO describe some Of the impressions
gathered and to outline some of the
more significant conclusions reached.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-03-11
Commissions Avoided
Iarif Discussion

The ancient question of our re-
ciprocal tariff relation was one in
which the commission could be Of
very little service. The French
manufacturer Of lrxuries for export
to the United States maintains stout
" that our tariff against France
ia higher than is justified by the
French tariff against our raw ma