Arizona republican., 1917-09-12

They would enjoy the sensation on the day of my visit, but on visiting | the camp kitchen found that the con- | tractor was serving fish instead of | meat Some of the camp command i CTS not only treated their prisoners kindly but introduced manufactures of furniture, etc, to help the prisoners to pass their time. The camps of Krossen and GOttingen deserve special men tion At Giessen the camp commander had permitted the erection of a bar rack in which certain prisoners who were electrical experts gave lessons in electrical fitting, etc, to their fellow prisoners. There was also a studio in this camp, where prisoners with ar tistic talent were furnished with paint and allowed to work at painting and the like.
 Prisoners Compelled to Work
 As more and more people were called to the front in Germany, greater use was made of the prisoners, and in the summer of 1916 virtually all the pris- oners were compelled to work outside of the camps. They were paid a small extra sum for this, few cents a day, and. as a rule, were benefited by the change of scene and occupation. The Russians. especially, became very useful to the Germans as agricultural laborers
 Starvation Diet at Ruhleben
 Prof Alonzo F. Taylor, of the Uni versity of Pennsylvania. food ex- pert. and Dr. D. J. Mccarthy, also of Philadelphia. joined my staff in 1916 and proved most efficent and fearless inspectors of prison camps. Doctor Taylor could use the terms calories. proteins and so on as readily as Ger man experts, and at d greater rate Of speed. His report showing that the official diet of the prisoners in Run leben was starvation diet incensed the German authorities to such fury that they forbade him to revisit Ruhleben
 ] Professor Buckhaus. the German ex | pert agreed with him in some of his findings. I do not know what will hap pen to the professor, who seemed will l ing to do his best for the prisoners. i He wrote a booklet on the prison camps which he asked permission to dedicate to me, but the war office, i which published the book refused to allow him to make this dedication It was a real pleasure to see the way in which Doctor Taylor carried on his l work of food inspection, and his work, as well as that of the other doctors 1 sent from America to join my staff ! Doctors Furbush, Mccarthy Roler 1 Harms, Webster and Luginbuhl, did much to better camp conditions. Doctor Caldwell, the sanitary ex- pert, known for his great work in | Serbia-now, 1 believe, head of the hospital at Pittsburg- reported that the prison diet, while of good quality, and. perhaps, sufficient in quantity | by weight, is lacking in the essential elements which contribute to the mak- 1 ing of we'll balanced and satisfactory 1 diet. It is lacking particularly in fat 1 and protein content, which is espe- cially desirable during the colder months of the year. There is considerable doubt whether this diet alone. without being supplemented by the articles of food received by the prisoners from their homes, would in any way be sufficient to maintain the prisoners in health and strength
 Doctor Caldwell also visited Wit tenberg and found the commander by
 temperament, etc, unfitted for such position.
 The Germans, IS Doctor Taylor has pointed out. tried to feed prisoners or schedule. like horses. There is how
 ever. a nervous discrimination in eat ing in man; diet, scientifically fitted
 to keep him alive, may fail because
 of its mere monotony.
 Spoon Victuals for Prisoners Think of living as the prisoners ot
 war in Germany have for years with
 out ever having anything texcept black
 bread) which cannot be eaten with { | spoon.
 J Officer prisoners after matters ha(
 settled down and after several bitter
 contests which 1 had with the German
 authorities, were fairly well treated
 There was, as in the case of the camp.
 for the privates, a great differenc,
 between camps and great differenc,
 between camp commanders. MT. Jack
 son did most of the visiting of tn,
 officers camps. In many camps tn, 'officers were allowed a tennis court ant
 other amusements, light wine or bee
 at meals, but the length of the war hat
 bad effect on the mental condition
 of many of the officers.
 Exchanges of Wounded and Sick great step forward was mad when arrangements were entered int between Germany and Englan,
 whereby wounded and sick officer. and men. when passed by the Swis
 commission which visited both coun
 tries, were sent to Switzerland-sen
 still as prisoners of war-subject tt return to Germany or England, re spectively. But the opportunity af
 forded by change of food and scene } as well as reunion of families. save, ], many life. By arrangements be } tween the two countries, also, tn severely wounded prisoners were SC , free.
 l I believe that this exchange of tn [ heavily wounded between the Ger mans and the Russians was tn factor which prevented the entranc } of Sweden into the war. Thes ' wounded men traversed the whol } length of Sweden in the railway an, the spectacle afforded to the Swedisl population of thse poor stumps o ) humanity, victims of war, has quit l effectually kept the Swedish popula