davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-05
PERIOD
! IS MADE Definite
Men Excused Not Assured of
Entirely Escaping Mill
tary Service.
POINTS IN THE DRAFT LAW

& Persons whose exemption claims In
! connection with, the draft may be &C
cepted will have no cause for assuring
: themselves that they have entirely
avoided liability for military service.
Local draft officials made this plain
last night when they pointed out that
/. lll exemptions granted will be signed
which the registrants must reappear
for exa animation.
:. Not only this, but If the cause for
exemption ceases before the period for
which it is authorized expires the
registrant. under the law must report
the fact to the board having 1urfsdic-
tion over his case. Failure to so report
IL punishable by maximum imprison-
ment of one year.
An Example Is Cited.
As an illustration of when exemption
automatically ceases, IT was suggested
that If a government clerk were eX-
cused on the ground that he was need
cd in the civil service and afterward
he should be dismissed from the po-
eition or should resign and fnd EN-
ployment elsewhere. 1t would be his
duty to report the fact immediately 10
the exemption board for his district
Again. II a registrant were discharg
ed because he was the sole support OF
his wife and subsequently his wife
should accept q position or inherit an
estate. the exemption granted would Pc
come non-operative, with the initiative
resting upon the husband as to the
further steps to be taken in order to
comply with the law.
For what lengths of time the exemp-
lions approved by the boards will be
made effective is problematicaL Each
case will be considered on its own mer-
its, and 1t is doubtful IL any regular
policy will be adopted. although one
board is understood to be in favor of
making all releases good for sixty-day
periods, upon the expiration of which
they must be reconsidered.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-05
Cases Of Men Rejected.

In the cases of men rejected because
they are under weight and who give ap-
pearance eventually of being able to
: meet the physical requirements. exemp-
tions of shorter duration doubtless will
be granted.
Uncertainty as to what the boards
will do about the lengths of exemption
periods is fair illustration of how
they are expected to deal differently
with respect to many matters. Aside
from following the strict requirements
ct the law. the boards are given a free
hand in determining what constitutes
- sufficient cause for exemption, and
Mere Is no assurance that any two of
Hhem will think and act alike.
!. 1t was stated yesterday that one
BOARD may decide that a man who has
sonly an able-bodied wife to support
should not be excused from service
but that his wife should be expected
10 work and help support herself, shar-
ing. of course, in the minimum income
Of $50 which her husband would re-
Eefve in the Army. An entirely differ
ent view of the matter might be taken
by another coterie of exmption off,
cials
is But the fact that one board might be
'fnore 1enient in its policies than an
0ther does not mean that an advan-
fage will be reaped by any particular
group Of registrants. All differences
OF opinion in decisions affecting the
'Reveral districts will be ironed out by
The board. Of appeals which will OPP
pirate under a definite policy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-05

Polished mahogany
fancy case. This in
strument is in excel
lent condition. Stool
and scarf FREE.
41.15 q Week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-08-05

1t is but natural that vast element
of the peoples of the central powers
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24
Query Section

VutTy DtCIIOH
The purpose of this section is to
publish answers to questions sent to
the editor of this department. 1t is
our desire that the readers feel free
at any time to ask questions on any
phase of agricultural work. If we
are not able to answer the questions
or find a solution in the state and
government reports and bulletins at
hand, we will avail ourselves of the
Agricultural College and u. S. De-
partment of Agriculture as a source
of information. In short, if we don't
know, Wen look it up.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24

That will never lead to full egg-bas-
kets and directly poultry-keepers
make up their minds that hens must
be treated as artificial egg-machines
they will then be certain Of success
in the egg producing line.
am rather in favor of the theory
that every pullet when it reaches ma
turity has inside it several thousand
Of ova. Nature has placed them
there and it is up to the owner to get
those eggs or as many OF them as
possible laid by his methods Of hous-
ing, feeding and management. 1t is
my belief in this theory that makes
me such strong advocate for the
artificial handling of layers. Let us
go back to the jungle stage! In
those days the hen had very long
lease of life and / am Of the opinion
that nature placed inside her suffici-
ent eggs to last her for her lifetime.
1t is impossible, of course, to say how
long a hen in the jungle amidst ma
tural surroundings lived, but, consid-
ering that before today l have seen
hens that have led fairly active lives
for thirteen and fourteen years, we
can give the jungle-hen an average of
twenty years to help along my argu-
ment. If she laid from 20 to 40 eggs
per annum she would turn out from
400 to 800 eggs in her lifetime.
The hen of today is accustomed to
lay as many eggs in a few seasons
only. Tests over long period have
not been made very frequently, but to
strengthen my case / quote three
instances of heavy laying:-(D That
of LADY Cornell" with 457 eggs to
her credit for two years of laying
(2) that of White Leghorn hen that
produced nearly 1000 eggs in seven
years and (3) that Of a Bracket hen
with a record COG eggs in four years.
These amply prove that a hen has
hundreds Of eggs inside her, the pro-
duction of which depends upon the
owner. Many authorities aver that
scientific breeding results in increas-
ed egg production and that it is the
methods of breeding, feeding and
housing adopted by the owner that
are the means of adding more eggs
to hens body. This / cannot agree
with. One does not add any eggs,
for the matured pullet has in her body
all the eggs she will lay in her life
time. 1t is the breeding, feeding and
housing of the laying stock that re-
suit in making the eggs ripen in the
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24
Good Roads Department
Conducted Especially for the Banner by Hon P
4. Cogrove, President of the Michigan
Good Roads Association.

road location. In some parts of the
country roads were located years ago
without much respect to grades. As
a result horses strain at their traces
through muddy bottoms, where no
body lives, to the tops of windy hills
with their journey only half begun.
The relocation of parts of roads so
that there will be only easy grades,
! and so that places may be avoided
where the maintenance of a good
surface is troublesome, is not beyond
the achievement of ordinary common
sense.
In a few weeks there will be no
lack of evidence that the drainage of
roads is of vital Importance in most
parts of the land. 1t will not be nee
essary to employ the highest talent
in engineering to determine where
better drainage must be provided.
When the frost leaves the ground and
the spring rains soak the earth, the
soggy places will be clearly indicat-
ed to the dullest observation, and will
show whether or not the road can be
best improved by relocation, or by
the digging of deeper bitches, or by
the drainage of the contiguous land.
There is nothing mysterious about it
which the farmer cannot understand;
the drainage of roads is not different
in principle from the drainage of
land. The only reason the farmer is
puzzled when road drainage is sug-
gested is that in the engineering dis
cussions of the subject which come
to his attention unusual terms are US
ed to describe things and conditions
he knows by different names. He is
bewildered by technical jargon, just
as the most of us are puzzled at times
by the jargon of the doctors. The
terms employed by the engineers
and the doctors are useful to the spec
ialists because they convey exact
shades of meaning to the specialists
who need them, but they ought to be
confined to the circle of specialists.
Some method of leading the water
from one side of the road to the 9TH
er is necessary. One great cause of
bad places in roads is the use of poor
devices for such a purpose. The Gull
vert under the road ought to be so
made that water passing through it
will not be large enough to carry the
water easily, and it ought to be locat-
ed so that it will not become clog
ged. That is what an experienced
engineer who can talk logarithms
when necessary says about it, and it is
simple enough for the least scientific
to understand. "All these require
ments can be met by simple and in
expensive means that any intelligent
farmer can use in fighting the mud
menace to his success and happiness"
If the road must be carried over a
stream, bridge will be needed, and
there is nothing mysterious about
Continued Next Week.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24

shortest possible time. The man who
handled LADY Cornell" got from the
little bird i'm two years 457 eggs
whereas il took the owner of the
White Leghorn seven years to get
600 and the owner of the Bracket
four years TO obtain COG eggs. These
cases prove that the eggs inside a
laving bird are there i'm hundreds
and hundreds and that breeding, feed
ing and housing enable her to lay her
eggs in a longer or shorted period
this depending entirely on the ability
and driving power of the owner and
NOT of the hen herself. We start with
a flock average of say 80 eggs and by
our methods of breeding we get the
average up to say $50 or 200 but we
do not add these extra eggs to the
ovary: instead, to my thinking, we
make more eggs ripen during the
twelve months.
Going back to the Jungle days let
rs look into the question of how the
hens obtained their food. In the
spring and summer they would, of
course. be able to obtain "free board"
foraging. Insect life would be plen-
tiful and the birds would have little
difficulty in obtaining their food from
day to day. But what happened in
the winter? During the winter
months natural food must have been
scarce, yet with the weather cold and
rainy there would be great need for
extra food to keep the fowls in
health. Nature then would not over
look this and if we are agreed that
each pullet has in its body at matur-
ity several thousand ova or yolks, we
can understand why so many were
placed there by Dame Nature. My
firm conviction is that these thou
sands of yolks were placed there for
~, food for the winter, and (2), lay
ing. When in the winter months in
sect and animal life was unobtainable
the jungle-hen drew nutriment from
the store of eggs inside her, and to
allow for this wastage of yolks each
season Nature had to allow for a
larger number Of ova, since the hen
in her wild state lived until old age
took her away-a considerable num-
Der of years at any rate.
A laying hen can produce as well as
devour eggs; of this / am convinced,
and success in production depends
upon the number of eggs the poultry
keeper can make his layers produce
Continued Next Week.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24
spring-Time and the Roads

"Come, gentle Spring. ethereal
Mildness!" That is how old James
Thomson felt about it something like
two hundred years ago, and little
later Reginald Heber, following his
cue, or venturing among the Muses.
on his own account, sang of the time
when Spring unlocks the flowers TO
paint the laughing sail"
Which leads the American High
way Association to point out that the
spring thaws and spring rains remind
the people who run about from place
to place, and particularly the farm
ers who live out in the country among
the birds and flowers, how grave has
been the neglect of the public roads
in the largest part of this so-called
"highly favored land" This neglect
has been almost criminal, because the
people have sinned against the light,
in that they have not obtained the
advice and counsel, necessary to the
improvement of impossible conditions,
readily available for the asking from
state and national road officials.
either they have failed to ask for such
advice and counsel or they have dis
regarded it when they have received
it, and with the result that at the
happy spring season, when the hea-
vens are bright overhead, the roads
are sloppy underfoot, and the farmer
and his family find themselves isolat-
ed from their neighbors, from the
schools, from the churches, from the
market towns, from everything that
makes life worth living. Yet men
wonder why it is that there has been
steady drift from country to town,
a yrhx 1c hof hn
steady drift from country to town,
and why the young folks, when their
wings have grown a bit, take flight
from the delights of rural life to the
crowded confusion of narrow streets
and artificial horizons.
The farmers income is small and
his taxes always seem large. He
does not see in the spring thaws any
other lesson than that of inevitable
dreariness. He and his neighbors
often cannot pay for hard roads yet.
He knows that for a large part of the
year a well-dragged earth roads af-
fords satisfactory means of commune
cation, and so he waits patiently I'M
til the water soaks away somewhat
and otherwise lets things drift. He
could not make a greater mistake.
He ought to know that the prelimin-
airy essentials for good road build
ing for light country travel are not
expensive, and when the spring
brings its troubles in few weeks he
can utilize the conditions of discom-
fort, if he will, for learning some
very important things about ration
al rural road building.
In the first place, he should con-
slider the very important feature of
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24
POULTRY
CONSULTING DEPARTMENT
The Hen AS An Egg Machine
CONTINUED from Last Week.


l will now go back to the time
when biddy roamed the jungle. His
tory tells US that she laid about two
dozen eggs in the spring-just suf-
ficient to rear from them a brood Of
chicks. If we sit down and examine
her egg-power of today and what she
has accomplished since her jungle
days, we must admit she is no longer
natural creature. She has long
since become purely artificial be-
ing, for nothing but artificial handl-
ing has increased her twenty-four
eggs per annum to three hundred
and over. l can put my finger on a
White Wyandotte which in her first
year laid 305 eggs; surely nothing
but artificial methods of breeding
and management have been respon-
sible for the great improvement seen
in the hen today The reason so
many poultry-keepers fail, is because
they go so far in their artificial meth
DDS and then leave it to the fowls to
finish up with their natural ways.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24
Farm Inventory

Farm Inventory
In connection with the farm ac-
counting system discussed in last
weeks issue it would be well to con-
slider the farm inventory.
Of course in all other lines of bust
ness the inventory is an annual event
and while it means considerable work
vet il is necessary in order to bal
ance UP the accounts and figure the
outcome of the years business.
Just what benefits are TO be deriv-
ed by the farmer from such an in
ventory may be trifie hazy to some.
II In the first place it is the only
means we have of figuring up our
profits for the year. Last year we
may have had $500 in the bank and
this year we may have $1,000; but
this is no proof that we are $500
better off than we were last year. In
fact it is easy to see how we might
be poorer financially and the extra
$700 merely stock on hand. In order
then to figure out our time standing
it is necessary each year to deter
mine our costs and our liabilities
The inventory is the only method of
ascertaining these facts and figures.
Another point is that the inventory
better enables the farmer to get
credit. The past year we have seen
great deal in the newspapers and
farm magazines concerning the Rural
Credits Act. The purpose of this
act is to enable the farmer to bor-
row money at low rate of interest
and have a long period of time in
which to pay it back, provided of
course the money is to be used for
certain productive purposes. Now
when a business firm is hard press
ed for cash and seeks to make a
loan, about the first thing they are
asked for is a statement Of their fin
ancial condition which is statement
of their assets and liabilities. Like
wise it will be necessary for the
farmer to make a similar statement
before he can obtain loan under the
Rural Credits Act.
In making an Inventory there are a
great many things to be considered
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24

Many of the readers of this have
seen "Old Bobby" and doubtless not q
few commented ON her as very at
tractive COW. She was COW No. 16 in
the exhibit made by the Michigan Ag-
ricultural College at many Of the
Michigan fairs some twelve years
ago. She was used as fair exam
pie of star boarder, though in judg-
ing from an examination of her, some
so per cent of the farmers picked
Bobby as a better cow than Bessie,
which was COW No. Is in the same
exhibit.
At one of the fairs where the ex-
hibit was made a dairy farmer who
had a very creditable looking herd
on exhibition made a somewhat care
full study of the records of the herd
from M. A. c. In a confidential talk
with the college professor in charge,
the professor said: "Well, really now,
how do your cows pay?" The farm
err grinned and replied: 81 never dast
to figure it up"
Get the idea? The COW may be
fine in appearance. She may have a
pedigree, may be snowy but-ah,
there's the rub-she does not pro-
duce the goods. Dairymen have
found only one infallible way to de-
termine a cows real usefulness. Out
ward appearances indicate certain
qualities-usually- the acid test
of the scales and Babcock tester alone
are always trustworthy.
Figures collected on this point
show that about one-third of the cows
in the United States do not pay their
board and keep, another third just
about pay their keep. Can it be that
two-thirds of your herd are not re-
turning a profit? The only sure way
to determine is to get good spring
balance and a small Babcock tester
and go after the business in a bust
ness-like fashion.
The average cow kept for milk pro-
duction in the United States, accord
ing to the 1910 census figures, gave
3,1135 pounds of milk, which if it
tested four per cent butter-fat, pro-
duced 124.5 pounds. Adding Is per
cent to estimate the butter, the aver
age dairy COW in the United States
has 1892 pounds of butter to her
credit. Rather, it is to her discredit.
Mr.. II. b. Gurler, Ex-President of
the National Dairy Show Associa-
ton, estimates that at least 200
pounds of butter are necessary to
pay for feed, labor, taxes, insurance,
and interest on the investment in
keeping one cow. He says: "No one
will become rich milking 200-pound
cows" He further says that 200
pound COW has a market value of $50.
The 250-pounp COW gives so pounds
of profit, or $40, which will pay 10
per cent on $100 If the 200-pound
cow is worth $50 the 250-pound COW
is worth $3.50, the 400-pound COW
worth $3.50 and the championship
cow, Duchess Skylarn OSmsby, is
worth, considering only her butter
producing capacity, $4,000.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24

If you have no human interest in
Your employees, no interest save in
what you get out Of them, you will
find their only interest in the bust
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24
Agricultural Department
Conducted by C. W. Pellet Agricultural Teacher
in BeIding High School

as: Livestock, feed, buildings, equip
ment, ETC., and one very important
item depreciation, should be careful
ly studied. On some fran buildings
which will last fifty years the depre-
citation of two per cent would be
small, while on farm machinery the
percentage will be higher. Much OF
this farm machinery will last only
about ten years, so we must figure
a yearly depreciation of ten per cent.
On all such equipment the annual de-
probation depends upon the life of
the tool, and the life of the tool de-
ponds to a great extent upon the care
it receives. Here is where the in
ventory may be of use again. Sup
pose that in figuring depreciation on
farm tools man goes down the list
until he comes TO hayloader costing
him $130 which is standing in the
lane on the back forty and is exposed
to all the destructive elements of ma
ture. When the farmer figures how
much longer that machine would last
under proper care, will not that be
a strong incentive for him to house
his tools and cut down a needless ex-
pense?
These few reasons, it seems, are
sufficient to warrant the outlay of
time, one a year, in taking the in
ventory. And besides the benefits
mentioned it puts more of business
aspect to farming and helps to raise
the standard.
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24

If you want TO lose a customer
and a friend, sell him goods on cred
it; wait six months before you ask
him for the money, and then see him
get mad
Belding banner. (Belding, Mich.) 1889-1918, 1917-01-24

Everything comes to the man who
advertises while he is waiting.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1917-03-23

"rhc Sister Ma,ous' given hy Mrs
lottic MoShcr. principal OF lowell
school and Mines LINDSAY Dcason,
Wcndt Hldrc,h, Clark. Wyatt, Can.
non. Simmons. Cook, Frank, Grappe
and Miss Mallian OF the patrons club
oi lowcl This was followed hy mu-
seal numbers hy Mr., ! " Iomerln.
Mr., Eugene Dubois and Mrs q. 4
Rover, An addrc,, on tame, and
Their Values" hy Mr rarwllcc and
a piano number and SONG by lullr uar-
land Rover, and Erma lee DyNr,
closed the program The usual games
and supper were ,nluye. later IN the
evening About seventy guests
were present
MRs Mttgatct Potter and Miss So
phie Ellen Black Of Norman came up
Yesterday afternoon TO attend the T
+ q charity dance AZ the Lee lluckin'
hotel last evening
Mr. and Mrs Hugh Finn 20 NN',i
Dale avenue lri nm, morning 'ur Na.
cred Heart. OKLA. called there hy ih,
death last night ui Mr. finus sister
Sister Mary Nmanda Sister Mal
Amanda was formerly connected viii
| ST Jo,eph's academy and had many
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1917-03-23
Mrs. Bruchmann

whose marvellous method ot tone pso.
ductlon has developed % many iins
voices, again resumes work at NJ
those having really GOOD vcics: ~
willing to work for results, oall Wal
tN6 for appointment
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1917-03-23

Mrs George { Lii. on Eas, Seventh
street. entertained the Holly Embrod
ct, club Yesterday with Mrs I. ]. Mar.
tin Mrs. II II Glenn and Miss Lillian
Glenn as additional guests The iayors
IN a miscellaneous contest were won by
Mrs. W A. Sullivan, Mrs T. ]. Sprankle
and Mrs, Glenn During the afternoon
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1917-03-23
Tomorrow's S Euetns

Mrs. Matthew j. Name, ben<fii partI
Miss Helen Evans, evening part, Tor
Mise Cecil MnN strn, horn.
saturdn, Nv rninr club. Mr.. snd Mrs'
&. Z. ingalls,,
saturdn, Evening Dinner club, Mr.
and Mrs. u. 4. Morse.
Music STUDY club. studio Of J.. j. bar-
ton, m
Chapter ', 4, 4. o., Misses Eliza
beth and Emma Finley.
jelly Dor~n Dinner club, Mr. ana Mrs'
Thomss 10, Ian.
saturdn, ~ rning Hridso club, Mr.
and Mrs. rNlrr I, Wales.
Nrwpor, Card club. Mr. nnd Mr-'
Ralph johnson,
BY Aletha Barr TAFT.
81 RRN. X. NJ tACOCk, 1873 NcN
lNMl Thirty third, street cntcrtainc'
UVll informally Yesterday Afternoon
IN honor OF Mis-, Mary Gar
land of Lafayette, Ind, the guest u
Mrs. {. Y. Newell. Mrs Graham 5
Boston won the favor in guessing con