New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-15
Celebrate To-day Centenary
of Revolutionary Soldier
and Patriot
His Ideals Triumph
On His Anniversary
Czarism, Which Nanquished
Him, Is Ended; Poland
Seems Reviving

To-day is the centenary Of the death
~ the great Polish hero Tadeusz KOS
.geko who. unable to throw OF the
woke cf autocracy depressing his native
land devoted his love and energy to
f-.rsem and independence Tor Amer
.-, and contributed no mean share 10
.re success o. the Revolutionary war
What low would be have found IN 'he
f... moments Of his life had he known
...+ Che centenary OF his death "ouio
s.. che dov-ral Of the cars me OPP
r-...or- of Poland and the rise OF tus
,.or~- republic thc foundation OF which
rt bad helped 90 lay J.. -
Rotr Americans and Poles 'o-Gsy, ~
celebrating tire centenary OF hosSl.
g-.,- DEATH are thrilled by lhe VuouEie
.to+ America is now ready 10 repay 10
Poland what her heroic sons dla lor
America century and a nan ago
Was a Hard Student
Tafcusz Kosc.usko was born on teo-
-...rv ~ 1916. He used TO wake NM
.s,f M in che morning. that he might
r.~o more time for study; and IN or
l.- +o keen awake late into the nlgnt
3D. -.ed 10 sit with his ieet III COZ"
"a, travelled FIVE years (177O-75O in
western Europe. most OF the tIme II,
france. When he returned 10 Ioi"slU
10 found his native country III d W
rl9rsble condition. Russia austria anu
prussia had taken advantage u nv.
Weakness and snatchcd Tor themselves
,-ucr OF her territory.
Tho humiliation Of his mother 'Oo.-
... and an unfortunate love analr
v.-r Polish nobleman's Gaug I'eL
,.r.,b ended in the young lazy IauneI
.,rDc,ling her TO marry Prince Luoo-
-.~.la rendered hosclusko stay III
Poland brief. Ill. e-,-,
France he heard that I'D me uls'a'.'
-.w World thirteen colonies were rs
s-sirst tyranny Kosciusko was
.-.t.9 bv the American Declaration
Of independence. He set OUT Iot
America in 1876. In Paris ne Iue'
BENJAMIN Franklin, United states En
WOW TO France, VINO declarSo ln"i
KG.c.usko was one Of the noOies' any
-,o.+ unselfsh men he ever knew ana
r, him "a letter Of introduction 10
Washington.
Was Scientist OF ArHS
Kosc.usko's name was a part or
8--ericau history for eight years. tie
fa,.r his service in the American
amy as colonel of engineers and
member Of Washington's staf, but ne
..or became the scientist of the army
10 yyas ne who planned Gates's fort-
rcd camp az Bemis Heights, and IL was
.r large measure due to his military
and engineering genius that the DrlH-
liant victory at Saratoga was won.
That victory raised the spirit OF
The nation and made possible the
treaty with France, throwing
Glamour on the name Of Kosciusko.
lie was also the principal engineer
in the work al West Point. All through
Greenes Southern campaign he was
the inspiration and executive OF the
scientific warfare. Congress gave him
"a vote Of thanks, brevetted him
brigadier general and made him a
member Of the Order Of the Clnc.n-
natl. which only two other foreigners
had received.
Before leaving the United States 70
resume tho struggle for the liberty OF
his native country Kosciusko saw
the victory Of the American cause. But
IL panied him 20 see thousands Of
negroes suffering under the yoke OF
slavery. and he remembered 10 help
them I'm his will. which was made IN
this country and left with Thomas
jefferson.
Returns to Stricken Poland
When be arrived in Poland he found
that her enemies, especially Czarlna
Catherine Of Russia. were not satished
with the first partition Of Poland and
were planning TO put an end TO Polish
iudcDendence. A powerful Russian
army invaded Poland and forced the
poorly organized Polish army TO capitu-
late. ,
Kosciusko. armed with dictatorial
power. summoned the peasants 70 the
defence of their country. They formed
almost half Of his army and knew moth
rg Of warfare. lie called upon them
fo arm themselves with scythes. the use
W which they understood we'll. thus
r11.pped they formed a terrible arm
of Rar But they were beaten by the
aUed armies of Prussia, Austria and
Catherine Of Russia. KosciUsko was
caatured by the Czarina's soldiers as
he lay wounded on the battlefield.
Two wears he lauguisred IN a Rus
sian prison by the order OF Catherine.
But She did not live long TO see Poland
crushed. and after her death, IN 1926,
K0sc,usko was released by her success
.or Paul Broken IN health, but not
IN srnit. Kosc.usko spent the rest OF
t. lfe In Switzerland. making only a
brief visit 10 the United states IN 1913.
d.. ated October 3. 1917.