davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

Consolidated rural schools promise
to supplant the scattered one and two
room rural schools over a large part
Of the United States and to entirely
change the present trend. meth DDS and
results Of rural education.
The movement has grown quietly,
and few are aware Of IT. real extent.
The numerous advantages Of the con-
solidated, a. compared with the district
school are secured through free con-
veyance of the pupils and are impos-
sible of attainment except by that
means
Whenever consolidation is first
preached in community, this is at
once set up as the most formidable
objection. but when its advantages are
fully understood, the opposition quick.
~ disappears. In communities where
consolidation has had fair trial fully
IS per cent. Of the school patrons give
it their endorsement and hearty sup
port :
In some newly settled portions Of the
country, consolidation has met with
marked favor ahong farmers and tho
usual sequence Of district school, grad
ed school and high school have not
been followed. the consolidated school
being organised at the outset.
The gxea4 advantage in the consoli-
dated school is found in the financing
supervision, teaching and attendance,
and money expended through this
means yields larger results. The
chief defects Of the district school
system-low attendance and lack OF
articulation with other schooas-are
entirely corrected BY the consolidated
system.
There are now in this country about
800 typical and graded consolidated
and 2, 900 union schools, and these are
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

the accumulation of table waste. II
useless waste results, the housewife is
poor manager. Not more than one
tenth of the feed came from table
scraps in this case.
The Importance Of keeping oyster
shell available cannot be over en-
phasizcd, and the poultry keeper
should remember that it is only the
literally fed hen that produces pro-
titably. Each of these hens ate five
pounds of grain a month. Green
food was fed when it could be OBJ
tanned. No account was taken Of the
sour milk which was fed at irregular
intervals whenever it was available.
The following is q statement of the
feed purchased:
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
CONSOLIDATED COUNTRY SCHOOLS

grade of teachers, matter Of the
greatest importance in the rural
schools, while the cost OF these
schools is not very much more than
that OF the district schools
Taking into consideration the great
advantages the consolidated school
possesses over the district school. this
additional cost is always cheerfully
borne by the taxpayers. and really cuts
no figure in the general sche1e.
The consolidated school is demo-
cratic institution. All the children
from the entire township or district
meet, mingle. compete. make friend
ships, and learn how to work together
The school is free and accessible to all
children within its district.
The facility and regularity with
which pupils are gathered up and
wagons. has the same effect as short
ening the distance between the farm
home and the school. The \ wagon
service does away with the hit a od-
miss" method Of going to school IN
foot. and tend to greatly improve
school attendance. The stream OF
children which the school-wagon starts
schoolward is 80 strong and steady
that the educational affairs of the
community assume a totally different
complexion.
The consolidated schools are shep-
ing their courses Of study more and
mAre to meet the needs Of the boy and
girl whose school days end at the ex-
piration of the eight elementary years,
or in the early years of high school.
Those WHO are DESTROYS Of taking UP
the study of agriculture as a pros
fession can easily go from the con-
solidated school into the State Agri-
cultural College.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

leaves removed. Before cooking It is
frequently necessary to tear the heads
apart to insure that no disgusting
worms are concealed within, and even
after the vegetable is prepared for the
table there is danger of an admixture
of animal matter with the vegetable
food. In cool weather the caterpillar
often feeds freely exposed on the sur
face of the leaves in the sunshine.
Frequently the caterpillar bores in
to the center of the cabbage. attack
ing what is commonly known as the
heart. and then the entire head is
worthless for market
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

the back lot keeper sacrifice each her
for the table ~ soon as she stops
laying and thus gradually empty hi.
house to make ready for another
flock the next year
This venture suggests that the back
lot poultry hoek can be efaciently
handled; that the waste from the ta Bile
can be utilized advantageously; that
poultry can be confined on . town LOT
and not prove objectionable to neigh
oors, and that it will materially re-
duce the cost Of eggs for the table. 70
say nothing of the satisfaction of
knowing that they are fresh.
PROTEIN Feeds for Laying Hens.
In order to ascertain the value If
beef scrap and sour milk in the rat;o,
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
cIvERNNGENT FUR Farm.

IA experimental fur farm has been
esta blished in northern New York by
the biological survey Of the depart
ment. At this farm the Government
specialists expect to test many kinds
Of fur animals, foreign as well as
native, as to their adaptability to
demonstration. One of the most i'm
portant lines OF work to be taken up
will be that of developing improved
strains by selective breeding. This
farm is the outsrowth Of experiments
conducted with minks and martens
during the past year at Linden, Nd.
and the National Geological Park, d. c.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
FAIRS ARE EDUCATORS.

At fair are exhibited the best pro-
ducts that had been grown in state
or county. Fruit growers can easily
learn from the exhibitors how to pro-
duce such~fne specimens of fruit and
he also sees the best and learns the
circumstances under winch 1t has been
produced. One cannot afford TO let
such opportunities as the fair pass
The fruit grower can in
spect the work Of others and comp pare
with his own. and II it is better than
he has been able to accom- piish, no
learns how to improve his methods.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
FATTENING GEESE.

When the fattening season arrfve4
according to an experienced goose
raiser. keep the fowls shut away from
bathing water. and feed barleymoal,
cornmeal and beef scraps and soms
chopped celery. Keep them in a sub
dued light for three or four weeks,
when they can be let out for a coupAs
of. days to enjoy the use Of a pond.
Then return to clean quarters, and
feed on barleymeal and milk, and
chopped celery for two or three daya,
letting them go twenty-fcur hours b.
fore killing.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
THE PROPER PRUNING OF NEGLECTED TREES

Putting neglected trees into good
condition is quite difficult problem.
The first thing that the grower should
realize is that this operation usually
requires more than one year. AS a
rule. the top of 4 neglected tree is a
mass Of branches. large number OF
If this is done in single season. the
tree is forced into heavy top growth
and conditions are almost as bad at
the end Of the season as they were
before.
In pruning such tree. the frst
thing is to cut out the dead wood.
This should be followed by removing
the water sprouts or suckers that have
arisen from the main branches. II
these are not numerous, the more
seriously interfering branches will
next receive attention. Usually this
Is about all that is advisable to do the
first season unless it is the intention TO
replace the old top. when. OF course,
the pruning will be much more severe.
Pruning the second season consists
in removing the new growth Of water
sprouts and further opening up the
top II desirable. Unless tho top is TO
be renewed,it is advisable to remove
no more large branches than is neces.
sary as this is likely to leave large
openings in the tree. If the tree has
begun to make much growth at the
ends Of the branches, these twixs may
be "headed-in" as in the regular
pruning.
Pruning should be an annual oper-
10 sS~xA
walls of three or four years. This is a
very undesirable method. The results
will be more satisfactory and less time
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

While neighbors were paying from
So to 40 cents a dozen for eggs during
the early months of 1917, ten White
Leghorn pullets in the writer's back
yard were demonstrating the efficiency
OF a small poultry flock in reducing
living expenses. These hens were pur-
,hased as immature pullets November
|. Only two were old enough to lay
,efore January 1. At the end Of seven
months May 81, the flock had pro-
iuced 749 eggs at feed cost of less
han IA cents a dozen. The average
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
WHEN TO GATHER APPLES.

Red apples are ready to be gathered
as soon as the mature color appears.
BY mature color IT is not meant that
the apple should hang until over ripe.
but there is a change from the green
under color to a ripe under color.
When this has taken place the apple
ture color.
The time 70 pick yellow apples is
determined by the color of the seeds,
as the seeds are turning brown. The
fruit is ready to pick. that is. if the
apples come loose from the spurs
readily.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
PREVENT INJURY BY RABBITS.

The following wash Is recommended
to prevent rabbits gnawing apple or
other orchard trees Take one half
gallon caxbolic acid. four pounds OF
sulphur, two gallons soft soap. and 90
pounds of lime. Mix the soap with
enough water to slack the lime, then
while hot. mix IN the sulphur and acid.
When applied by about the first OF
April, it will also act rs a preventive
Of borers
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
CAPONs.

When caponizing has been proper
ly done, the head is small for the size
Of the body. the comb and wattles are
pale and withered, the body plumper.
rounder, and larger than in an ordin-
airy fowl, and the spur abortive. II
the operation was incom plete, the head
will be like that of an ordinary bird
and the body less rounded. Such
birds, known technically az slip
capons.' are much inferior to true
capons."
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

meter should be treated VIM psua1s-
tive material. the object being to fnsuse
good healing. The material used win
not hasten the healing only as 1t pro
vents utrfavorable conditions Mater.
ial thattis adhesive, win prevent check
ing, keep out moisture and fungi, sd
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
HOGS IN THE ORCHARD.

The Pennsylvania state zooiogist,
Prof. H. Fl. Surface, says that 1t will
be safe to pasture hogs in the young
orchard if you will watch two or three
important points. One is to be sure
that the hogs do not rub against the
trees too hard in the process OF
themselves. Another point
is to watch that hogs do not root out
the roots of young trees.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
BROnER POINTS

No person can hope to be successful
IN the hroiler business without both
skill and capital.
1t must be run in Connection with a
good eEE farm. as that is the only
way To procure good eggs for the In
.ubatov.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
FIGHT YOUR ENENlIEs,

To know the tricks of the enemy is
half the battle. Know the insects and
diseases which attack your vegetables
and you will know how to fight them
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

Remember that starch is cheap
kind of body fuel: corn meal contains
A bout IS per cent of starch
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

will be required to prune at least once
every season than to let the growth
accumulate for three or more years.
When done at long intervals pruning
has tendency to retard or diminish
fruit production.
Neglect or improper making Of
wounds frequently results in serious
injury or even premature destruction
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

Total $3.50
Prices during laR year ware 50
ch4n1eAb3e that any set win not prove
correct for all perioda The foregoing
a1s a. fair q any and are actually
higher than Was paid.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11
Tree Too Upright MARKS Show ~
Branches Should be Ont Hndk

win not in1ure the cambdum obE
side the inner bark) 10 desirah1A. -
combinataon IL hard to Ct 0h1V
recommends gas tAr Or ap-
White had is eomnonD u Ms
disodvsntage II that It has . tam1e9
TO dry out and permit c1sss& II
used, Il should be applied dk A
second application may b madD =
checking occurl
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

A sheep that is damp to the skin Is
lever a well shD~>
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

and prevents the loss Of soil moisture
evaporation
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

Some neighbor surely can eat o. pot
~ surplus products from your place.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

Alfalfa does not winteririN unless j
Is cut too late in the season.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

Breed all suitable mares to the best
stallion availab le.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1916-1918, 1917-09-11

1--WE believe it is great mistake to
breed gifts under eight m onths.
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13
LOCAL AND PERSONAL.
See the window a, coltman's Phar-

See the window at Coltman's Phar-
macy.
Mrs. George OLeary and Mrs. w.
s. Hair spent Tuesday visiting friends
in Pueblo.
Mrs. NJ l.. curtice and son. Har-
old, returned home Sunday from q
three months stay with relatives in
Oklahoma.
Clarence Crozier. OF Greeley. ar
rived in this city last Saturday for
two weeks visit with his brother.
Herbert Crozier and family.
Mrs NJ. E. shellenberger let, on
Thursday for Syracuse, Kan. to join
her husband who was recently trans
ferred to that city by the Santa Fee.
A ID. S. pills are good for liver
Ills. Coltman's Pharmacy has them.
Mrs C. f. Tripplett and little
daughter. who have been spending
the past two months with relatives
In Missouri, returned home Tuesday
morning.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. J Reynolds have
returned to La Junta TO reside and
have rented the cottage at col Ration
avenue. where they are now at home
to their friends.
Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond Deweese,
who were In this city on account Of
the illness OF Mrs. Deweese's father.
VIM. II. Burk. returned TO their
home in Pueblo Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. c. +. Real. of Man
Hatten, Kan, arrived in this city on
Thursday morning for a visit with
Mrs. Reals sisters. Mrs, J. V. Welch
! and Mrs. Thomas Dougherty.
Mrs. IL F. Christy and children.
who have been making an extended
visit with Mrs Christy's parents. Mr..
and Mrs. George McCauley, left on
Thursday for her home in Denver.
/ The Lambda Alpha Lambda Sor-
I GRITTY. which was to have met last
7 Tuesday evening. will meet Monday
evening instead with Miss Helen Nc
vey at her home on Colorado ave-
nue..
At the annual business meeting
OF the congregation OF the Christian
church on last Sunday. DR. ]. r.
Findley. who has Just closed his two
years pastorate in this city. was
called to accept the pastorate FOR the
third year
Money to loan on farm aud city
property; rates reasonable. Charles
F. Helm. 1l6 Colorado avenue
Y Lieutenant John Rex Weaver. who
has been fighting with the Allies in
France, has arrived in Rocky Ford
for a visit with his parents. Mr. and
Mrs ". X Weaver and family Lieu
tenant Weaver. who has been fight
ing the last two years and half.
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13

during which time he has been shot
three times. is allowed a S0-day fur
Tough and will spend the time visit
ing friends and relatives in the
United States.-Rocky Ford Tribune
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13
FOR RENT

FOR RENT-Barn, at 42l Cimarron
avenue. Inquire OF Mrs. c. A. Beer
bohm
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13
WANTED.

LIVERY and transfer: Barr & Rose.
phone Junta 81.
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13

FOR SALE-Improved fifteen acres
In North La Junta; under Fort
Lyon canal. Inquire OF X. W. Eng
fish Lumber Company.
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13
FOR SALE.

FOR SALE-Candy furnace. cheap
in good order. Inquire at this OF
flee.
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13

FOR SALE-Good young Holstein
COW. Mrs. William Sherman.
East La Junta.
La Junta tribune. (La Junta, Bent County, Colo.) 1881-1939, 1917-01-13

FOR SALE-Best improved home In
North La Junta: five room house
lot 7jN300; price $l.70O.-T. J.
Winstauley
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-01-04
WASHBURN IS
HEALTHY CITY
One Case of Diphtheria in
Two Years.
Very Few Other Contagious
Diseases During the
Past Year.

That Washburn is a healthy
city in which to live is indicated
by the low percentage of con-
tagious diseases in the city dur
ing the past two years. During
the past two years there has
been one case Of diphtheria re
ported to the local health officer
and there has been but a few
cases of measles and chicken
pox reported.
The first case of diphtheria MAX
ing appearance in this territory
during the past two years is re-
ported from the town of Wash
burn this week, Henry Wallund
being i'll with the disease. Mr..
Wallund came here from Chicago
to visit with his brother on the
Arntson farm in the town of
Washburn and it is supposed
that he contracted the disease
before coming to this territory.
The place has been put under
quarantine and a spread of the
disease is not looked for.
A case of measles is also re-
ported from the town of Wash
burn this week, the~children in
the Andrew Smolley family be-
ing i'll. Other than these cases
none have been reported to the
local health physician.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-01-04
Hitching Posts Needed

During the past two weeks
two of The globes on the top of
the iron posts of the White way
lighting SYSTEM have been
broken by farmers who have
tied their horses to the posts
while in the city. The posts
seem to be set firmly but the
horses tugging away soon loosen
them enough to break the globes
at the top. The city authorities
are compelling persons to pay
for the globes where they are
BILE for their breaking.
Sine the telephone poles have
been removed from the streets
the farmers and others are find
ing it hard to find a place where
they can tie their horses and
the business men of the city are
urged to take it upon themselves
to establish hitching posts.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-01-04
CLUB ELECTION
FRIDAY NIGHT
Important Meeting of Com
mercial Organization
Every Member Should be
Present to Meet the New
Club Secretary.

The annual meeting of the
Commercial Club which will be
held on Friday evening of this
week will perhaps be the most
important meeting the Club has
held in many years. The Club
on January 1st engaged the SER
vices of a paid secretary who
will devote his entire time to
promoting the interests of the
city and it is important that the
officers chosen at this time should
be men who are willing to give
their time to matters which will
be coming up during the coming
year.
Cards have been sent out call
ing attention to the meeting and
every member should be present.
Mr.. Ed. M. Heermans, of
Minneapolis, who has been
selected as Secretary of the or
ganization for the coming year,
will be present to meet the men,
bers and to outline the work
which will be attempted during
the coming year.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-01-04
Ready for Ice Harvest

During he p ST week lie two
ice com panies have been busy
getting ,heir ice hous es and
tools in readiness for the ice
harvest Which will perhaps be-
gin some time during the latter
part of the present month.
Levi Stefinski, who has been
engaged in the ice business in
this city for several seasons,
will again put up a large supply
of ice this season. The Pratt Ice
company, company which en-
gagged in the ice business last
season after the supply of ice
in the city had given out, have
erected a new ice house of large
size and will put up a large
supply of ice.
With two ice companies doing
business in the city the people
can rest assured that they will
get good service and that the
ice supply is not likely to give
out as has been the case daring
the past two years.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-01-04
Housekeepers to Have Demonstration
School

A four-day course for home
makers will be given at Bayfield,
beginning January z, in con-
nectiOn with the farmers course
VIII ch has been plannt d for tha t
week.
The program for the course
will deal with the subjects of
food, health, and clothing, and
is given under the auspices of
the people of Bayfield, in Co
operation with the department
of home economics Of the Wis
consin college of Agriculture.
DR.. Dorothy Reed Mendenhall
lecturer for the Extension Ser
vice. will also be in Bayfield,
during home makers week. and
will give talks on u le care of
children and control Of con-
tagious diseases. Mrs. Mon.
dendall is a we'll known author
ity on children's diseases, hav-
ing been for several years resi-
dent physician Of DR.. Holt S
baby hospital in New York.
This is the program for the
week:
Tuesday, 2p. M, place of
Eggs in the Diet" with demon
stration of palatable ways to
cook eggs, Miss Elizabeth
Amery.
Wednesday, 9:3O a. M, Gun
damental Principles of Bread
making;;" 10 a. M, ''Fundamen'
tai Principles of Dress making, "
Miss Agnes Boeing; 2 p. M,
"How to Judge Bread" (actual
practice) and Qualifications of
Bread Dough, " Miss A Amery.
Thursday, 10 a. m. "Fancy
Waists from Plain Shirtwaist
Pattern." Miss Boeing; 2 p. m. s..
.sHealth Needs of the Com
munity." DR.. D. R. M ndenhall.
Friday 10 a. m. Control of
Contagious Diseases, "Dr. d.
Mendenhall; 2 p. M, "Renova-
tion of Millinery" Miss BOeing.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-01-04
DEATH RESULTS
FROM SCALD|NC
Three Year Old Child Fell in
Pail OF Boiling Water
Accident Occurred Saturday
and Death Resulted Mon
day Morning.

Aelred Lizotte, the three year
old son of Mr.. and Mrs. Louis
Lizotte, residents of west Pine
street, died Monday morning at
2 o'clock from burns sustained
on Saturday when he fell into a
pail of boiling water.
The accident occurred while
Mrs. Lizotte was doing her Sat-
urday work. The mother had
just filled a pail with boiling
water and was about to begin
scrubbing the floor, when while
her back was turned the child
fell into the pail, receiving such
a bad scalding that the little one
died on Monday morning after
suffering untold agonies.
The funeral was held from the
Catholic church Wednesday
afternoon and interment was
in the Catholic cemetery.
The parents of the child are al
most heartbroken as result of
the accident in which the child
lost his life. They have the
sympathy of the community in
their bereavement.