davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-03-23
SAYS CARRIERS NEED
RELIEF IMMEDIATELY
President Rea, in Plea for Higher
Rates, Tells of Increased Cost of
Railroad Commodities.

In the plea for higher freight rates
made yesterday before the interstate
commerce commission by Samuel Rea.
president of the Pennsylvania railroad.
Mr. Eea told the commission that the
rising cost Of all commodities had af-
rcc.ed the railroads 70 such an extent
that the situation was ''iense" and that
immediate relief should be given the
roads if they We're to continue to rem
der safe and efficient service.
Increased cost of all supplies. Mr..
Eea said. was reflected in prices paid
by the railroads for fuel. equipment
and construction material. in addition
to heavier pay rolls resulting from the
Adamson law decision. Speaking for
the chief bituminous coal carrying
loads OF the east, he urged the corImIS-
sion 20 dispense with its usual suspen-
sion of proposed increase of > to 10
cents ton on coal from eastern fields
10 Atlantic aud great lakes ports and
to authorize the higher rates at once.
Step Toward General Revision.
The PROPOSAL to increase rates on
hituminous coal. he intimated is the
hrst step in a movement for revision
of freight rates generally, in order that
the railroads may meet the increased
COS: OF operation and yield i fair profit
TO holders of their securities.
Mr. Rea was spokesman for the presi-
dents OF the seven chief roads involved
in the application TO increase coal
rates. including the New York Central.
Baltimore and Ohio. Norfolk and West
ern. Chesapeake and Ohio and Western
Maryland. Proposed increases to New
York, Philadelphia and Baltimore are
8 cents. 10 Hampton roads and Newport
News. 10 cents. and to lake ports, Is
cents.
In support of his contention that high
er prices of supplies Justify higher
rates, Mr.. Rea declared that the higher
price of coal alone increased the fuel
bill of the seven roads $4,000. 600; that
equipment had risen 80 per cent; steel
h'idge material 14S per cent; steel
plates 244 per cent, and other supplies
in proportion.
Calls Higher Rates Necessary.
with the demand for larger term
finals. increased ia cilities for carrying
freight and more equipment widespread
and pressing" Mr.. Rea said. "it is es- |
sential that the railroads be granted
the highe- rates necessary to place
them in a position to meet rising costs |
ana give item the earning basis to at |
tract new capital. The lack of sufficient |
surplus for many wears past has pre- |
vented the railroads from providing |
such additions and betterments in ad- |
vance of traffic demands"
Coal and coke interests from the Vir- |
ginia, West Virginia and kentucky |
helds opposed the proposed increases |
proposal to increase rates on coke |
from ovens in this field to Virginia |
blast furnaces by approximately 50 |
cents q ton also Vigorously op- |
posed The roads contend that such in !
crease would place coal and coke on "a |
parity; producers urged that present /
rates were profitable and increases were |;
not justified
Evening star., 1917-03-23
CALL UPON congress
TO DECLARE FOR WAR
Between 1900 and $4,000 at Madi-
son Square Garden Meeting Adopt
Resolutions Offered.

NEW YORK. March 23-Between
1000 and $4,000 citizens crowded into
Madison Square Garden last night
roared their approval of resolutions
calling upon Congress "to declare that
by the acts of Germany a state of war
does now exist between that country
and the United States" The speakers
faced sea of waving flags. Thousands
of men and women. some of them with
tears streaming down their faces
joined in the singing of patriotic songs
Several voices raised in favor of peace
were quickly drowned by a chorus of
disapproval. one man who interrupted
Elihu Root and called him liar was
thrown out and two woman companions
who tried TO rescue him were also
elected.
The speakers. besides Mr. Root. were
President Hibben of Princeton Univer
sity: Charles S. Fairchild, former Sec
retary of the Treasury, and Mayor
Mitchell of New York.
Resolutions adopted denounced Ger
many for destroying American ships,
numbering American citizens and plot
ting to dismember the nation. They
approved the action of the President,
called for the Immediate mobilization
of the entire naval, military and indus
trial strength of the nation. urged the
immediate enactment of a universal
military training bill and declared our
deep conviction that the principles of
national conduct governing Germany S
actions in the present war are incon-
sistent with the principles of democ
racy and with the purposes and aspira
tiOns of this republic. and we hold that
the time has now come when il is the
duty of this nation 10 take part in the
common task of defending civilization
and human liberty against German mill
itary aggression.
Evening star., 1917-03-23
Militia Officer Is Dismissed.

The War Department has announced
that Second Lieut.. Levin Smith of the
I'd West Virginia Infantry has been
dismi ssed from the service on convic-
ton by court-martial convened at Fort
Sam Houston. Tex, of charges of con-
duct unbecoming an officer and a gem
tleman qhe President confirmed the
action of the court-martial.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
SENDING AID TO
GUATEMALA CITY
Red Cross Will Forward
Supplies by Means of
= american Warships
nv Asnocinted Press.l

Washington. Dec. s1.-StilI with.
out detailed information Cf the
earthquake which destroyed Guate-
mala city. costing many lives and
leaving 100000 homeless, Red Cross
officials conferred with navy officials
as to the supplies to be sent for
ward on American warships ordered
to a GuRtemalan seaport,
While the American diplomats are
safe, archives Of the legation and
consulate are believed TO have been
lost as the buildings are reported to
have been shaken to the ground.
Unofficial advices indicate that the
foreign colony escaped without loss
Of life.
Four earthquakes apparently have
shaken Guatemala city. Records on
the Georgetown university seikmo-
logical observatory instruments here
show the first shocks were felt on
Christmas night shortly after mid
night. Other shocks came on Dec.
26 and Dec. 2s. but the heaviest
came at 5:57 p. m. Saturday, Dec. 20.
1t appears that this last disturbance
was the one which caused the most
damage.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
four BILLION
MARK PASSED
Traffic on American Rail
roads for 1917 Breaks
ALI Records
(By Associated Press.)

, Chicago, Dec. '31-Traffic on Amer
lean railroads passed the $4,000, 000,-
900 mark during the last year for
the first time in history, according to
figures compiled by the bureau OF
railway news and statistics, made
public today. The figures are based
on official returns to the interstate
commerce commission for the first
ten months Of the year and on es-
Inmates for the last two.
The gross receipts for the year
are placed at $4,1ss,227, 1856, a gain
of $461 ,s05, 43S over 1916. but despite
this tremendous increase in business.
there was a decrease OF ss1, s76,153 in
net income. The net income for 1917
was $1,022, 1892. Advancing cost
Hgether with increased wages, Is
blamed for the loss in net income.
2Taxes for the year were s222, 026,-
1853, an increase Of $56, 770,7s7, ac-
cording to the bureaus statistics. A
steady increase in taxes each month
Is shown. Starting with S14,520, 900
in January, they reached S25, 50O, 900
in September when accruais under
the new war taxation became effec-
tive.
Operating expenses were s2.s4s,-
45s,440, an increase Of s4s7,0iO, s04
over 1916. Net operating income per
mile is placed at ss,s43, a return Of
5.S7 per cent on the capital invested.
In 1916 the net income was $4,2s9,
return Of 6.46 per cent, according
to the bureaus report. h-s >~
The bureau points out that the
great increase in business was
handled with very little increase In
equipment. An increase Of 700 miles
is shown in the mileage.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
CAMP Align TO
INCREASE THE
WHEAT ACREAGE
Duluth Board of Trade
Would Guarantee Farm
ers Their Costs


Duluth, Mimi, Dec. 31.-Members
Of the Duluth board of trade inaug-
urated today q campaign toward
promoting the sowing of wheat over
the northwest next spring. as OPP
posed to the probable sowing Of
coarse grains.
At a special meeting of the board
resolution was passed urging the
necessity OF action by congress to
guarantee the farmers Of the north
west the cost of putting in their
crop of wheat during the year 1918,
in order to induce the sowing of a
large acreage. The increase in the
winter wheat acreage is pronounced
a disappointment and 1t will fall to
the spring wheat territory to make
up the deficiency in order to get the
billion bushel crop so earnestly i'm
plored by the government.
With prices OF oats and barley
liberal as they are now, the tendency
viii be to SOW largely Of those grains
and thus reduce the acreage OF
wheat, members Of the board fear.
While congress has guaranteed 81
per bushel for wheat raised in 1918,
n large number of northwestern
farmers have before them the fact
that their crops Of wheat in 1916 and
1917 were failures and in some dis
tricts did not produce the expense
OF putting them in. The shorter ma
turing season required for barley and
oats, with the liberal prices. may
attract sowing to those grains at the
expense of wheat. Members OF the
Duluth board think assurance to the
farmer that he viii make his cost at
least will bring the large acreage Of
wheat wanted. Congressional action
viii be necessary. it is thought and
the Recommendation of Food Admin
istrator Hoover will be asked.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
Mayor-Elect Of
Indiana City Is
An Alien Enemy
IRy Associated Press.l

Indianapolis, Ind, Dec. s1.-Fred
C. Miller, German alien enemy and
mayor-elect of Michigan City, Ind,
is here today to appear before
United States District Judge A. b.
Anderson to answer charges filed by
Martin T. Kruger. present mayor,
seeking TO enjoin Miller from taking
ONCE Jan. z. Miller holds an alien
enemy permit to allow him TO so in
the restricted zones of the city Of
which he was elected mayor.
Mayor Kruger in his application
for q temporary injunction against
Miller, declared Miles is ineligible
to take ONCE because he is not q
citizen OF the United States and that
MiIIer's election was obtained
through the votes OF $50 alien en-
emies.
The Indiana laws provide that any
voter may hold once and for any
foreigner to vote in this state IL Is
necessary only to take out his first
naturalization papers. Miller con-
tends he thought he had become q
citizen Of the United States several
years ago.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
Believes Lower
California Will
Gain independence

San Francisco. Cal, Dec. 81. -
Fielding j. srlIson, q Los Angeles
capitalist, announced here today he
had been advised that he was to be
appointed diplomatic representative
ct washington" OF Gov. Estaban Can
"a, OF Lower California. Il beiieve,"
he said, this foreshadows the seces-
sion Of Lower California from
Mexico"
Mr.. stiIson. who said he was q
cousin by marriage Of Secretary Of
State Lansing, refused to discuss his
announcement further than to say
that he was TO meet here today q per-
sonaI representative of Cantu and
expected 20 receive from him con-
firmatIon of his appointment.
His connection with Cantu WAS 'in-
direct" he said. He added that he
had no doubt IL Lower California set
itself up as an Independent state, the
country's development would be ma
terially quickened.
stilson has been in San Francisco
about q month.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
GERMANS MUST
Be REGISTERED
Government Ann ounces
Regulations for Nation
wide Enrolment
(By AssocIated PraEr.l

Washington, Dec. SIN announc-
Ing regulations governing the nation
wide registration OF Germans, the
week Of Jan. I, the department OF
Justice today issued q memorandum
Of the classes affected. A
German men who have never been
naturaltzed or who have obtained only
first naturalization papers will be
subject to registration, which in cities
OF more than 5000 population, accord
ing to the 1910 census. will be with
police and in other communities with
the postmaster. Women are not af-
fected nor are children under the age
OF II.
Though many former residents OF
Alsace-LorFaIne are French by blood
and sympathy they are to be regarded
as alien enemies IL born in that terri
tory after May 10. 1871, when the
treaty transferring the provinces to
Germany was ratified. The same rule
applies to Schleswig-Holstein.
The registration will not apply to
persons born in this country OF UNI
naturaltzed German parents nor In
Germany OF parents who became nat
uralised in the United States while
the person was q minor nor to a man
born in Germany of American par
ents.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
Allied Nations
Send New Years
Greetings to U. s.
nv Associated Preaa.l


Washington, Dec. 31.-New Years
greetings to the American people
from the heads Of several nations al
lied with the United States viii ap-
pear in the New Years edition OF
The Official Bulletin.
Among those already received are
included greetings from King Peter,
of Serbia, who says:
Il send to the American people
my cordial greetings with my best
wishes for their prosperity and sue
cess in every undertaking in the
new year. The entry OF the United
States into the war has gladdensd
all the peoples who arose 70 defend
liberty and justice and especially us
the small ones-because IL affords
new guarantees for the realisation
OF our national aspirations in a fight
against the medieval Austro- Ger
man feudal system.
IPeter I, King of Serbia"
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
VOLUNTARY CENSORSHIP
OF NEWSPAPERS RELAXED
Committee on Public Information
Announces Revised Regulations
Effective Tomorrow.

Washington, Dec. 3l.-ReIaxation
in several phases Of the voluntary
censorship. observed by American
newspapers since the beginning OF
the war, Is announced by the COM
mIttee on public information in re-
vised regulations effective tomor-
row.
Requests that nothing be published
tending to disclose the names or
line officers or individual units in
expeditionary forces, tending 20 re-
veal the identity Of American mer-
chant ships and crews engaging sub
marines and giving information re-
garding dry docks. repair and con-
Btruction work have been withdrawn
entirely. II Is explained unohicially
that these were withdrawn because
OF the difficulty in having them uni
Yersally observed.
Other changes and additions OF
minor character are made.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
BASE EXISTS
ON PAPER ONLY
But Ordnance Men Are
Reporting Under Mob
ilization Order

Washington, Dec. s1.-Investigation
has been ordered by Secretary Baker
OF circumstances surrounding the
Misunderstanding which caused en-
listed men OF the ordnance corps to
be sent to Raritan, N. J., last week
for mobilization at an ordnance base
which apparently exists only on pa
per.
The arrival OF some two-score OF
the forces was reported to Mr.. Baker
yesterday by the state officials who
are taking care OF the troops. Nearly
1000 of them may be en- route from
different parts OF the country.
Plans of the ordnance bureau, call
for the establishment OF a terminal
depot for export ammunition near
Raritan. The men ordered up were
to be employed there.
The trouble appears to be that
someone believed the depot to be al
ready established The order for the
mobilization OF the ordnance men
was the first application OF the new
draft regulations which constitute
local boards mobilization agencies
for men Of draft age who desire to
enter the military service immedi-
ately. without regard to their draft
status.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31

In peace times We think OF the
sandbag as a weapon Of a thug or a
highway man. In war sandbags-.
larger. Of course-are used extern
sively to protect life.
The British made most liberal use
of sandbags in the drive on Jerusa-
lem. In the desert before GAIA sand
bag projections were relied upon al
most entirely to guard the front line
forces from the Turks.
On fighting ships the sandbags
have recently been employed to good
advantage to protect gunners.
The lower photo shows an anti
aircraft gun crew enclosed by bags
on the deck Of a British monitor in
the Adriatic.
The turrets Of the ships, ,ammuni-
ton matches and other vulnerable
points are protected by the bags.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
FIRST JOB IS
COAL SHORTAGE
Director General of Rail-
roads Will Take Immed-
late Action
az Asaoelated Prsss.l

washington, Dec. 3i.-Immediate
action by the railroads to relieve the
critical coal shortage particularly In
New England and other sections
suffering from the cold wave, was
being considered today by Director
General MeAdoo and members Of
the railroad war board.
In addition TO effectinR q freer
movement of coal the treatment Of
labor questions will be one of the
chief railroad problems to be dealt
with by the director general. While
settlement of the brotherhoods' de-
mands for forty per cent wage In
creases Is not looked for ut this time
ofhciais believe the government soon
will consider favorably q plan for
better pay.
President Wilson probably win 70
before congress late this week with
his railroad recommendations
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
Will RAISE PAY
OF RANK and Fill
tRy Associated Prsaal

washington, Dec. si.Plans x
raising the pay Of the rank and I'll
OF railway workers and reducin
some OF the very high salaries {
executive officials, were discusse
today at q conference between ID
rector General McAdoo and the fed
eraI board OF mediation and concii
alton. The board now has before
the pending demands for wage IN
cent for the four great brotherhood
It has been well known for som
time that the government was dis
posed 10 grant some Increase an
the railroad men in turn have give
their word they will not attempt
strike while the government Ii tax
ing hold OF the railroad situation.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
AReENTINE SIZE AsHoRE.
(By Associated Press.

An Atlantic Port, Dec. 81. - The
Argentine transport Pimento, under
stood TO have on board members Of
an economic mission to the United
States from Argentina, was driven
ashore off the Atlantic coast during
n atorrn last night, and now lies high
on the beach. Everybody on board
Was taken of safely in a breeches
buoy by life guards.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
LEAUGUE BRINGS
''BIGGUNS" HERE


ANANAAMI4 AA2AA R&&E Asf
GUIDED in the program now being
The North Dakota dates 50 far an.
nounced 70. be addressed by Mr..
Mills, follow:
Saturday. Jan. 5, Lisbon.
Monday, Jan. Z, LaMoure.
Tuesday. Jan. 5. Edgsley.
wednesday. Jan. ., jamestown.
Thursday. Jan. 10. Valley City,
Friday. Jan. II, Darlington.
Saturday, Jan. ~. Harvey.
Monday. Jan. Is, Drake.
Tuesday. Jan. IS. Minot. 1.-TWO
wednesday. Jan. is, stanley.
Thursday, Jan. II. White Earth.
Friday, Jan. IS, Ray.
Saturday, Jan. Is, Wtlltston.
Speakers Announced.
The speakers so far announced for
participation IN the campaign in
elude the following:
Frederick C. Howe, former COM
missioner Of immigration. New York
city.
Albert L. Blair. Boston. Mass
claautauqua lecturer.
Former u. S. Senator McLaurfu,
South Carolina. who attended the
apro and con" meeting In St Paul
last September. and was q speaker
on that occasion.
Walter Thomas Mills lecturer.
Robert Bridges. Seattle. WASH
leader In Pacific coast state owned
public utility enterprises.
No dates have been fixed as yet
for any OF the speakers with the
zInRle exception of Mr. Mills. who
makes the first tour Ter the league.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
Coal Miners Are
Earning as High
a AS $75 Per Week
(By Assoeiated Press.l

Mount Carmel, Pa, Dec. 31.-The
new wage scale for anthracite mine
workers authorized by presidential
proclamation has resulted in unprece-
dented production. and the highest
wages in the history OF the hard coal
region.
Miners yesterday received their
first pay under the new scale, and in
many instances it ran as high as
$3.50 for. two weeks work, while
some were said to have earned more
than 5000 from Dec. to Dec. Is.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31

The report that waivers had been
asked and secured on Lee Magee by
the st. Louis Browns was denied by
officials Of the club and it was said
that there were hopes that Magee
might come back enough to show as
a second baseman for the Browns
next year.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
eERMANs Lille LoYALTY.

Lincoln, Neb-, Dec. S1.--At q meet
ing fn Seward, Neb., the pastors and
teachers Of the German Lutheran
church IN Nebraska. adopted rsBoiu-
lions Of loyalty 20 the government
and recommended the cessation Of
German language instruction "a an
narochiaf schools o2 the state Tor the
duration oe the war.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
OPERATORS ABROAD.

Washington, Dec. S4s--Women tel
ephome operators are being sent
abroad for service at the Offices Of
have the same privileges and allow
ances as army nurses. Many army
women unable 20 join their husbands
have Ffound q way 20 90 80 by Qunll-
flying as telephone operators.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
MARcoNI COMING TO Y. 8.
(By Associated Press.)

Rome, Dec. S1.-WfIiiam Marconi,
inventor Of the wireless telegraph
has been appointed Italian high
commissioners TO the United States.
Senior Marconi was q member OF
United States last spring. After his
return, he served on the Btaff OF
General Dfaz, the Italian command
er-in-chief, giving special attention
20 the wireless system at the 'front.',
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
III REcoRp boz ENPoRTs.

washington, Dec. 51.-America's
exports were estimated today az the
department OF commerce 70 have
passed the $4,000. 900. 900 mark in
1917, q new high record. Imports
were less than $4,000. 000, 600 and the
trade balance IN favor Of the United
sg. $50 060. 900.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
LIVESTOCK RECEIPTS
AT CHICAGO HEAVIER
More Cars Received During First
Eleven Months of 1917 Than
In All of 1916.
CBy Associated Press.)

Chicago, Dec. S1.-Nearly seven
teen thousand more cars of livestock
were receivd at the Union stock
yards here during the. first eleven
months of 1917 than during the en-
tire year of 1915, according TO the
annual report made public today by
John A. Spoor. chairman of the board
Of directors OF the Union Stockyard
and Transit company. During the
eleven months OF 1917 tabulated re-
oeipts totalled 25O,277 carloads COM
pared with 1895 during all Of 1915.
The statistical report on receipts
and shipments for the eleven months
fniI0wa.
The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1917-12-31
One Uncertain Clause.

London, Dec. SIN addition to
the points set forth IN yesterdays
advices from Breat- LdtovBk regard
ing the provisional Agreement be-
tween the representatives Of Russia
and the central powers, another
clause is included, the precise mean
ing Of which Is not clear. "A Reuter-
dispatch from Amsterdam gives the
clause thus:
1T was agreed that both legally
and economically one country should
not be treated less favorably by an
other than any third country which
cannot appeal to treaty rights.
The German wireless version of
this clause reads:
1T was agreed that respecting an
rights Of intercourse and economic
relations, none OF the countries which
is a party to the peace arrangement
shall be treated less favorabiy than
any outside country in respect to
which treaty rights do or do not
exist.
This probably is in effect the
familiar most favored nation
clause which frequently e included
IN treaties.