davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
EVER
BREAKING TREATY
Germany Defends Herself
Against Charge of Violating
Agreements of For
mer Years.
DEFENDS HER u BOATS
American Citizens Will be Allowed to
Leave the Country and Will
Honor Treasury
Certificates.
DEFENDS HER u BOATS

limited Press Leased Wire Service.] ]
WASHINGTON, April i.-Ger7
MANY. in a communication addressed
to the United States through the
Swiss minister has challenged the
assertion that the German govern
ment has violated the treaties of
1885 and 1899 and 1928. American
citizens, said the note, may freely
leave Germany and for the most part
have already done so.
The note, replying to this govern
ment's refusal to reaffirm the treaties,
declares the U boat warfare does not
contravene the provision Of article
twelve of the treaty Of 1885, and
article thirteen of the treaty of 1893,
since they, do not oppose t:oekade
or obstruction similar to blockade
: The communication dated March
80, 1917, says:
"The German government chal-
lenges the assertion that it has vto-
lated the treaties of 1855. 1893 and
1928 american citizens may
freely leave Germany and for the
most part have already done So"
the note says.
THAT departure from the country
is delayed under certain ClTcum-
stances Is to be ascribed to neces-
sary precautionary measures.
"Since the provisions Of article r.,
treaty of 1885. and article 13 >of
treaty of 1899 do not oppose block
ade or distractions similar to
blockade, the U boat warfare does
not contravene them. In turn Ger
many has to reproach the U. S. with
violation of those treaties in
without justification on the ground
of neutrality it prevented the depar-
ture on and after the beginning of
war of various German merchant yes
sells, contrary to the treaty of 1928,
contrary to article 10 to the treaty
of 1899 the American government in
the Appam case also contested the
right Of the prize to stay in Ameri-
can ports and permitted judicial pro-
ceedings against the prize. Until
further notice the German govern
ment will adhere to the maintace of
article % of the treaty of 1899 in as
much as it assumes from the decla-
ration heretofore made by the
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
b0MBARD
NEW YORK
AS OPENER
First Thing Germany Has in
Mind in Case War is De-
clared-If She is
Able.
AS DRAMATIC COUP
News Tha America Would "Come
in" Creates Intense Enthusiasm
Along British
Front.
AS DRAMATIC COUP
[By VIM. Philip Simms, United Press
Staff Correspondent

[By VIM. Philip Smms, United Press
Staff Correspondent
WITH THE BRITISH ARMIES
AFIELD, April 4.--News that Amer
ica would come in," created intense
enthusiasm at the front.
Thousands of Americans already
"doing their Bit afield with the
allied armies, were particularly jubi-
liant. The Canadians cheered to a
man when they heard the news.
Special dinnerS were arranged in
messes to which Americans belonged,
in their honor. These banquets were
enthusiastic gatherings at which
toasts were exchanged and flags
waved.
This is great day" said an
American captain serving with the
Canadian army. I've never doubted
the United States would do her duty
at the proper time. Now that she's
in she must hit with every ounce of
her power-the quicker the better
Financially, industrially and in a
military way she ought to. smash
Kaiserism straight from the shoulder
at the same time she is supporting
the allies with merchant fleets.
We all hope to see an America n
expeditionary force on the western
front Immediately, with America
meantime raising and training huge
force in event Germany continues to
resist.
"In short, want to see America
hit now like hell
Other Americans were unanimously
of the SAME opinion.
VIII the kaiser try a dramatic
coup against America? A story told
me by a Frenchman some time ago
again comes 70 mind. This French
man repeated what German orderly
serving an officers mess told him. 1t
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Senator's Ask That Measure be
Passed Which Will Draw
United States Into
War.
is NOT FOR CONQUEST
question is Whether We Shall Accept
War or co~s:d!y and AbJeet
Submission to
Germany.
by Carl D. Groat, United Press Staff
Correspondent

tBy Carl d. Groat, United Press Staf1
correspondent
WASHINGTON, April 4.-Urgine
hat there be mo faltering. no divis
lon, no weakness in the nation" Sen
ator Hitchcock, upon opening Of the
senate today, began his argument for
passage of the resolution making
war with Germany an open actual
lty. Hitchcock's appeal was the more
dramatic as he declared he had always
been opposed to war and even in the
face of that former belief, asked con-
gress to pledge the nation to a war
that may last three years and cost
much blood sacrifice; a war that
shall have no Gethsemane."
"We want no more territory. de
mand no Indemnity, have no historic
grudges to settle and no racial antip-
athies,' Hitchcock began.
I'VE alone of all the nations will
spend our treasure and lives without
hope of material gain.
we are going to war to vindicate
honor and independence as a great
nation. We are going to war in de.
tense of humanity.
Such quarrel as we have was
forced upon us.
Il do not believe the Germans de.
sire war, but the German government
Is desperate
'No great nation could hold a place
IN history If 1t permitted itself
TO be ordered off the sea.
Hitchcock declared he had been bit
teriy opposed to war and had used
al his influence to avoid it.
Even after knew the people Of the
United States were overwhelmingly
for war, | tried to avoid it." he said
I even sought out the president OF
the United States and begged him to
avoid war. But now / am ready to
lake my place with those who will
back the president in prosecuting the
var to the utmost.
While the vote has not been taken.
We know the decision-it is war;" he
shouted.
AS the senator sat down. there was
profound STIR in, the galleries. Sen
ator Swanson, Of Virginia, then be.
gan his address.
Senator i,aFollette, one Of the will
lul twelve was not present when the
senate began it's patriotic program.
swanson and Lodge added their
voices to the plea of Senator Hitch
tock for immediate strong aggressive
actor, against Germany.
anticipating spirited opposition to
He war resolutions by LaF'ollette and
0lone, republicans were preparing to
feouke the former and the demo
cfats the latter on the floor.
aany members, both republicans
and democrats. it became known to-
asy for some time have figured upon
'aalng drastic action against LaFol-
s;,!e ,sue and Stone, If they attempted any
aillbustering tactics.
The issue is not war or peace"
sald senator Swanson. War has al
ready been wantonly and lawlessly
prosecuted against US. The question
whether We shall, accept war or
,oSafdiy and abject submission. The
,.oiation of our neutrality by high
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Intervention Of United States
Called the Greatest Event
Since Start of War.

By Lord Northcliffe, Written for the
United Press.
LONDON, April Al have taken d
few hours to collect the opinions Of
mtm bers of business houses, of parli-
ament and many of the general pub
lie
Experts in craftsmanship regard
the presidents speech as likely to
rank with the most notable utteTances
of Washington and Lincoln. Its dig
nifty. restraint and insight are con
sidered absolutely worthy of the chief
of a hundred million of the republics
citizens at this tremendous moment.
The joining with the allies by the
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Wireless Service Ceaced.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service
THE HAGUE, April 4.-The Ger
man-American wireless service has
ceased. Berlin adyices today indicated
its abandonment in view of present
conditions.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
French Forces Make Eight
Mile Gain and Drive the
Wedge Deeper in Ger
man Lines.
RACE TO TAKE QUENTIN
British Troops Have Few Hundred
Yards Advantage, With Both
Sides Working in
Harmony.

CJJnited Press Leased Wire Service.
LONDON, April 4.-Perfect CO
ordination between the French and
British forces smashed the allied
ring of steel still closer to ST. Quen
tin TODAY. While the British tented
as IL in continuation Of their assump
tion of the initiative during the pas'
few DAYS, the French suddenly drove
n. great thrust forward on front OF
eight miles south Of st. Quentin and
captured three villages and domin
atfng series of heights two miles dis
tant from the town.
Then the British resumed their
drive at the German lines.
II is a. race between British and
French forces now to see which will
take the city first. They are almost
equally distant from the town The
british have a scant few hundred
wards advantage and like General
Niville's troops, also hold dominat
ing ridge.
Roth armies are reported fn battle
front dispatches today to be pushing
steadily ahead Meanwhile the French
are tightening their pressure against
German lines south of LaFere, driv'
ing forward another wedge toward
Anizy.
tsE+S.
In Outskirts Of City.
PARIS, April 4.-FTench patrols
today penetrated into the southwest
ern outskirts of the town of st. Quen
tin, the official statement declared.
The French troops continued their
advance over the entire front around
st. Quentin, during the night, the wal
office declared, pushing our patrols
into the southwestern outskirts of the
city"
The statement also reported prog
ress made on both east and west
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Fired at by Burglar.

TUnited Press Leased Wire Service !
DIES MONIES, Iowa, April 4--John-
son Brigham. state librarian, was
twice fired at when he ordered a man
out Of his house after being awak-
ened by the burglars light flashed in
his face early today. Both bullets
missed Brigham, however. The thief
escaped. He obtained nothing.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Students Also Take Time to
coax Pacifist Schoolmate
In Cold Shower.

pnSTPres pI Press Leased Wire Servicel
er : , roN, April 4.-Senator Rob-
|tps,aaa oiiette, Wisconsin paciflst fill
|burna, was hoisted by a crane and
SD S,n9n IN effigy last night.
[hts ~ euts at Massachusetts insti-
VI technology, made q dummy La
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Enthusiastic Reception.

PETROGRAD April 4.-Enthusias-
tic reception was granted President
Wilson's speech here. Inpromptu
meetings were held around the
Taurida palace, speakers explaining
the significance of Americas action.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Main Topic of Discussion.
lava Wheat Helped.

limited Press Leased Wire Service.I
DES MONIES, Iowa, April 4.-Tha
Iowa winter wheat crop was extremes
Iy benefited by showers during the
night. Farmers generally will profit
by the April moisture.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04

The Sayville wireless station today
sent a number of official German
wireless items. There was no wire
less received yesterday.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
READY
FOR GREAT WAR
Carefully Laid Plans Are
Working Out to Put United
States on Firm
Basis.
CONsCRIPTION PROBABLE
First Call to colors viii be for Half
Million Young Men Between
Ages Of 18 and 20
Years.
CONsCRIPTION PROBABLE

! UNITED Press Leased Wire Service
! WASHINGTON, April 4.-By the
time congress acts on the war reso
luton all plans for assembling all
the nations forces to strike at the
imperial government Of Germany will
be ready for presentation by the
president.
Army legislation based on selective
conscription of the country's young
men as rapidly as they can be equip
ped, officered and trained, is con.
sidered probably the most important
of the war plans.
All men except those exempted
such as married men, mechanical ex-
perts, scientists, etc.--will be ex-
pected to come under the colors.
The government will have some
Designations button probably
which will be given to those exempt
ed, and otherwise serving the coun-
try, but who are not under training.
This is the same scheme followed o,
England to protect those not actual
ly in the army from being dubbed
"slackers."
Under the three year basis plan it
is the intention OF the government
to train men in increments of 500,-
600 until there are sufficient to beat
Germany.
No men will be sent to Europe i'm
mediately; probably none will go for
at least six months. The present
regulars believe they will be the first
expeditionary force, leaving the new
ly trained men as a home guard un-
til the second increment OF 500, 900 is
trained.
The maximum and minimum age
limits of men for the first is expect
ed to be IS and %.
Pending the raising of this army
this government is making prepara-
tions to ship unlimited supplies to
the allies, including not only money,
but particularly food and munitions.
The greatest problem is admittedly
getting the supplies to the entente
ports.
Hence the big problem before the
navy, according to navy officers is
creating effective means of combat.
ting the U boat.
Naval cooperation between the
United States and the entente allies
has already been planned in detail,
which are naturally secret. =
The national defense council
President Wilson's advisory war cab
inet-is in daily session, methodica,ly
working out details Of mobilizing re.
sources, plans OF economising . in all
these resources and means Of hasten
ing supplies for the army and navy
and the allies.
Call for Artisans.
WASHINGTON. April 4.-The war
departm ent today issued an appeal
for twenty thousand artisans to fill
up. the quartermaster's enlisted re-
serve corps for war time service.
The department wishes Immediately
to begin training the men.
The men are to be given their rank
now, to be subject to active service
at the presidents CALL
The department appealed to the
press to give maximum publicity to
the call.
The following trades are called
upon:
Bakers, bIaoHsmiths, butchers, car
penters, carpenter foremen, chauf-
feurs, checkers. clerks, cooks. cleo
tricians and helpers, Steam engineers,
farriers, forage masters, horse
shoers, horse trainers, laborers. ma
chinists and helpers, brick and stone
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
President Wilson's Indictment
of Prussian Militarism Will
Have Great Moral
Effect.
FRANCE GIVES WELCOME
England Says United States Can Best
Help by Going After
the Submarine
Menace.

limited Press Leased Wire. Servlce.l
PARIS. April 4.-"This is the great
est moment in American history
since the revolutionary war; de-
c!ared Premier Ribot today IN grant.
ing an audience to American news
paper correspondents.
'It is one of the big moments IN
the history of the world.
+ "President Wilson's declaration was
a veritable indictment OF RUSSIAN
militarism. It is assured it Will have
the greatest moral effect throughout
the world.
president Wilson acted as a true
pacffist. committing him and his
country against militarism. The step
makes future wars less likely.
81 hope the German people VIII OBJ
serve the distinction between the1n
selves and their government
THE people of France enthusias
tically welcome the American flag
entwined with the tri-color-and they
will likewise welcome any aid from
America"
| How We Can Help.
] [By Ed l.. Keen, United Press stan
Correspondent
oughly returned tribute to President
Wilson'S speech as well as bis ex-
preston of lofty sentiments. the press
and the public today was concenGat-
ing on suggestions as how best the
United States can help the allies.
The Manchester Guardian reflected
popular opinion to a considerable de-
gree when it asserted that the great
est service which the United States
could render would be to conquer the
submarine menace. There are two
ways of aiding in this, the editorial
declared. zone would be to build
swarm of destrCyers and other fast
craft to hunt down the submarines as
well as convoy shipping; the other
would be to build boats in such
numbers and with such speed as. to
destroy Germany's chance of keeping
up the pace"
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04
Germany Insists Responsible
ity For War if it Comes,
Must Rest With the
United States.
EXPRESSIONS OF REGRET
strenqtf of America Not Under Estts
mated, But Empire Shows
No Signs Of
Fear.
GBy John Grandens. United Press
Staff CORES pOndent.

GBy John Grandens, United PreS3
Staff Cores pondent.]
BERLIN, April 4.-Officials here
today said they could not see any
reason for America adopting hostile
attitude, toward Germany. They pro-
tested that responsibility must rest
with the United States and that it
does not lie with Germany.
In the meantime, it was asserted
Germany will treat Americans still re-
manning in Germany just the same as
heretofore.
Berlin newspapers and public dis.
cussion among Germans is divided
between the American situation and
! the franchise reform movements
| in Germany Leader Basserman. lib
eral party. today wrote to Deputy
Stresemann expressing agreement
with the latter's reichstag speech for
electoral reforms, especially favor1ns
an imm ediate change in the electoral
franchise in Prussia.
Deepest Chagrin.
THE HAGUE, April 4.-Germany
receives the news of President Will
sons address with the deepest cha~
grin" foreign office officials formal
ly stated to correspondents today, ac-
cording to Berlin dispatches.
German government leaders added,
it was said, that Americans could re-
main unmolested Lin Germany as
long as Germans were unmolested in
America
Not Undere stimated.
AMSTERDAM, April 4.-"Germans
must not underestimate the import
ance of the United States entering
the war; for America is the richest
country in the world declared the
Berliner Tageblatt today, according
to Berlin dispatches.
"President Wilson, the editorial ass
serted, ought to know war deciara~
ton is a matter OF greater moment to
America than to Germany
The German people however, SEEM
convinced participation of the last
great neutral power will not defeas
Germany.
1--WE regret America is thus causing
g. prolon cation of the war. But the
German people bravely face their
enemy and their new task"
Main Topic Of Discussion.
THE HAGUE, April 4.-The Amer
ican situation was the main topic or
discussion at tile conference at HON.
burg between the kaiser Emperor
Carl of Austria and central power
according to information
received here today.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04

Continued on page 2)
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04

Continued on page 2.)
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04

The Telegraph Service Of The
Daily Gate City and Constitu-
on-Democrat is received over
our own leased wire.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-04-04

Fair and warmer tomorrow.
Local temp p. m. 80; 7 a. m.
42. o.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1917-03-17
DAIRY
PROFITS IN DAIRY BUSINESS
Unfortunate That Farmers Can Make
Living Even When They Are
Losing Money on Herd.

II Is unfortunate for dairy farmers
that they cannot always tell how
much they are making or losing with
out a great deal of study and investi-
CATION. Il is also unfortunate that
they are losing money on their herd.
If 1t were possible 10 Immediately de-
termine the profits and losses In the
dairy business farmers would not con-
tinue to lose money when they think
they are making a little. Men who
care only for living are usually sat
isfied II they get It some way or other
and such men are slow to realize what
they are losing by maintaining an I'M
profitable herd of cattle.
The remedy for the situation Is to
charge up the products Of the farm to
the cows who are eating the products.
Test every cow and know what she
can do, breed to purebred dairy bull
and improve the herd and then dis
pense with the boarders. There Is no
mystery about how a man can lose
money on the dairy business and still
make a living. He does not make the
living from dairying.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1917-03-17
USE FOR BLIoHrGo WOOD
Chestnut Timber Not In Its First
Years Of Life stu Available
for Many Purposes.

Blighted chestnut timber resists
decay as well as timber from healthy
trees, and barked dead wood is much
more durable than unpeeled live
wood, so far as a three-year test will
determine, according to the forest
service. The blight is otherwise
known as the chestnut-tree bark dis
ease. In 1913 poles, ties and posts
cut from blight-killed, blight-infect-
ed and healthy chestnut trees were
carefully tagged and placed in posi-
ton. A recent annual inspection Of
the experiments determined that all
Of the material was in good condi-
ton except for deterioration of sap
wood and knots. The sapwood OF
chestnut is not durable, and that on
ties and on butts Of poles and posts
and on Embarked posts is now mostly
decayed. Round posts cut from
small limby trees suffer early decay
in the knots, which carry the decay
into the post and thus weaken it.
The chestnut durability expert
ments to date indicate that blight
killed or infected trees yield timber
Just as durable as that from healthy
trees. In fact, piece from a sea-
soned dead tree is more durable
than an Embarked piece from a live
tree. No one should therefore hesi-
tate to use timber from blight-killed
or infected trees for purposes for
which chestnut is suitable and dur
ability is a consideration.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1917-03-17
BRITAIN PREPARING AlRPLANEs.

Rear Admiral Peary, q. S. N, is
responsible for a very remarkable
statement concerning preparations
in Europe for extending the scope
and power Of aerial warfare.
Development Of the airplane will
mean a revolution in travel and COM
merce as it has rAeantin war;" Rear
Admiral Peary said. 'In France
there are said to>be more men in
the aviation service than are in the
army OF the United States, and in
Great Britain more than in our
navy. Germany is said to have 10,-
600 airplanes. Great Britain is pre-
pairing for an aviation army Of 160,-
900 men with fleet of 10000 air.
planes. The time is near when the
air service will be more important
than the army and navy combined.
1t is the belief of many statesmen
that the decision in the great war
may come in the aiR"
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1917-03-17
TECKTONIUoS SILL O
TIE xxIorld,c Past, Clio Construction

what to and demand in the so
highest class consruconhe most perfect
seYvtp
Class by Itself in all Tank and sho
Eaup ment Servc No Comparable to It,
rejecting so knowledge we affirm Mr. Farmer
should
the Tektonusunt know about and
Desgnhe Teckonius Self
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1917-03-17
URGE REGULARITY WITH cow
Does Her Best Only When MIXED at
Equal and Stated Periods Of
About Twelve Hours.

The COW can do her best only when
MIXED at equal and regular daily pc
RODS Of about twelve hours each the
year around. The full supply of milk
is not in the udder ready to be drawn
out before milking time comes, but
some of it is produced by the glands
during the operation of milking. The
udder, however, is usually filed and
the COW becomes accustomed to this,
but If the operation of milking is de-
layed and glands cease to some ex-
tent to secrete milk, they will then
not be stimulated to good activity dur
ing the process of milking. This in
jures the glands and produces a de-
crease in the milk flow.