davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

bushels; in Arkansas. where the harvest
was $4,000 bushels, and in California.
which produced 4,543,000 bushels. Other
fields are to be found in North Caroilna,
South Carolina (where they total o,Soo
acres), Georgia, Florida. Alabama and
Mississippi (where they aggregate l,9oo
acres).
THE average yield last season was
AIS bushels to the acre. In can
fornia 1t was 81 bushels. The farm
value of the crop of 1915, which means
the average price received by the
grower, was 90 cents bushel. Last
season the price ranged between 20 ana
95 cents. Rice purchased at retail by
consumers, however, is as cheap now
a. II was year ago
"All records as to yield were broken
in 1916, when the harvest was lf,ooo,ooo
bushels more than ever before. As a
90 cents bushel. added more than
s39,000,000 to the wealth OF the country
Planters in Louisiana received nearly
$4,000, 900: in Texas. s9.s35.o00: in Ar
kansas. S5.SI0,000, and in California,
$4,225,000.
Modern rice growing requires con-
siderable capital. Water must be sup
piled in large quantities. and ditches,
canals and pumping machinery are
necessary. Conspicuous among the
planters in Texas are +. z. Borden or
Pierce, who has great acreage in
rice, and w. +. Dunlap of Beaumont.
whose company cultivates about $4,000
acres. In Arkansas, Frederick Gibson
of Stuttgart has a 7,000-acre plantation.
On the Mississippi river, in Louisiana.
farms of a thousand acres are not look
ed upon as unusual. On the prairies in
the southwestern part of the state.
however, they are smaller, varying in
size from 900 to so acres.
Like other grains, rice is grass.
Wheat is grass. and so is rye. Rice is
drilled. when planted. and drilled, Of
course, on dry ground. More than one
the plants in a field are five or six
inches high. water is let in from the
canals or bitches. Fields, therefore,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

the ice of the north peak of the noun
tain, carrying a fourteen-foot Flagstaff
with them. They planted the flagstaff
on the peak and il stands there today.
AS to the ascent of Harry karstenS
and Archdeacon Stuck, | got the story
of it from Harry harstens as we sat
and chatted together in the saloon OF
Big Bill McPhee at Fairbanks. IL was
Big Bill, you remember, VINO PUT up
one-thIrd of the money which enabled
LLOYD Anderson and Taylor to climb
the north peak. Harry karstens is
young trapper and hunter, famous Tor
his nerve on the trail. He is "A noted
guide and takes out and cares for rich
hunters when they come TO the Yukon.
He brought the first mail into Fair
banks and took the first letters into the
Kantishna. He made the trip up the
mountain in partnership with the arch
deacon. the latter furnishing $1,000 for
expenses against his experience, and
the understanding being that the two
were to divide the proceeds which were
to come from Archdeacon Sucks book
and lecture describing the ascent.
Harry tells me that his share OF the
royalties amounted to SSI. and that hoi
got all told about $l,100 out Of the trip.
The men were fifty-two days on the
going up and only two coming down.
You can get a graphic description OF
the journey by reading Archdeacon
Sucks book entitled The Ascent OF
whether you will find there the state
ment which Karstens made to me that
the archdeacon played out at the last
and that he had to carry him on his
back to the top.
Belmore Browne thinks it will pay
the government well to establish q
hotel on the slope of Mount Mckin-
ley. and to build an automobile road
from the railway to it. He says the
tourist traffic will warrant almost any
expense that the government might
undergo in that way. and that as soon
as the road is completed there viii be
a great deal of travel on account of
Mount Mckinley aloRe.
One of the wonders of the park will
be the wild animals which throng that
region and which now that they are
to be protected by the government will
make the park the largest and best
populated game preserve of this con-
tinent. The only place i know that will
at all compare with it is the strip two
miles wide running from Mombasa. on
the east coast of Africa, to Lake. VlcA
toria.-Nyanza. 500 miles inland.
FRANk-Gs CARPENTEs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

bought by contract. and, when possible.
is delivered on the block. Uncle Sans
specification requirements for beef are
SO drastic that it is doubtful If the
most fastidious chef in the most expen-
sive Broadway restaurant demands
better beef.
Uncle Sam knows what he wants, and
he has a lot of capable officers in the
Quartermaster Corps who positively and
effectively insist upon the contractor
furnishing that and nothing less. and
he gets it, too, at a very reasonable
price in these days of the high cost of
living. Troops on the border were sup
piled fresh beef by the Southern De-
partment at contract prices ranging.
according to delivery points, from 11.2s
cents to 1888 cents a pound.
Bacon comes from the packing house
centers, flour from local mills, II the
price and quality are right, otherwise
from the mill that gives the best quail
ity at the lowest price. Coffee. sugar
salt, canned goods-in fact. all that
go to make the perfect ration are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

q x OW is Uncle Sam going to feed
ILL the 100000 and more men who
JC will rally to the Stars stars and
q q Stripes IL the war with Ger
many demands that the army supple
ment the efforts of the navy? Has he
had any experience in our heretofore
peace-loving county in the rationing
of such large bodies of troops? These
questions are obvious.
Had war with Germany come upon
the United States with the swiftness
that 1t swooped down upon England in
the summer of 1914. Uncle Sam might
have been hard pressed to feed his
army along modern and systematic
lines The kaiser, however. has given
him more than two years to observe
how John Bull and his allies did IT,
while the willy Pancho Villa furnished
him the opportunity to put some of his
observations into actual experience.
Almost overnight Col. Harry l.. Rog-
ers. Southern Department quartermas-
ter, stationed at San Antonio. Tex.
found that instead of having to feed
the regular department quota of 10000
men he had 10000 soldiers on his
hands FIVE times as many as before.
thousands of them with Gen. Pershings
eXpeditionary force in Mexico. and other
thousands at unheard-of and out-of-
the-way places along the border from
Brownsville 10 Yuma, AriZ., all of
whom had to be fed, and fed regularly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

mile and a half above the sea- l start
ed out in the darkness and waited
there for sunrise to get a good view Of
the mountain. The air was clear and
the suns rays made the mighty peak
look like frosted silver, but one could
not realize that he was gazing at the
highest known point on the globe.
Mount Everest is almost six miles above
the sea, but my view was cut off by
Kunchinjinga, which is only 1000 feet
lower, and that mountain was dwarfed
by the other giants between. Mount
Mckinley will stand boldly out in
the north side of the park. We shall
have a magnificent view of it from the
railroad. and at $500 feet above sea
level we shall have the whole noun
tain towering above us.
can give you close view of Mount
Mckinley only from hearsay and from
the magnificent pictures Of Belmore
Browne, the noted mountain climber OF
the Camp Fire Club of America
MIR. Browne is an artist. author and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

wealthy and potential men. just as
brewers are in Great Britain and this
country.
The civil war almost ruined the rice
industry in South Carolina From 1886
to 1861 the average yearly production
Georgia amounted to 105o0O,ooo pounds.
or 1872 modern carloads. Three-fourths
of it was grown in South Carolina.
Production dropped. in xhe three
states. to 100000 pounds between
1865 and 1880. By 1885 the center for
rice growing had been shifted to
Louisiana, to the prairies in the south
western part of that state. where the
buckshot clay is SO stiff that it must
be flooded before 1t can be plowed
Four years ago commercial rice
growing was begun in California
Planters were making a profit of So an
acre in Louisiana. Arkansas and Texas.
Having soil. water and seasons re-
quired in the rice industry, California
entered vigorously and hopefully into
the business. The profits there are
One irrigation plant in that state cost
100000. 1t waters $4,000 acres. The
yearly money rent for water per acre
in California is IS. In Louisiana,
Arkansas and Texas the price is Sc
Water flows by gravity in California
1t must be pumped, sometimes to a
height of twenty-five feet, in the other
states. Large sums have been invest
ed in rice canals and bitches and in
rice mills. The American crop of 1916
was grown on s7s,s00 acres. Exactly
41,9S2,000 bushels were harvested
There was no shortage, as compared
with the crop Of 1915, and rice is the
only food that is as cheap now as il
was before Europe began fighting.
A young Virginian. fifteen years ago
being a zoologist and entomologist
was called to South Carolina and asked
to scrutinize several insects that were
thought to be damaging the rice fields
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

days ration for seventy men. or 2.1o0
rations at 26.T5 cents man.
The S51.75 thus received Is deposited
by the captain in his company fund, to
be used exclusively for the purpose of
food such as may be required for vary
ing the soldiers fare and to relieve the
monotony of steady dietary program.
This fund is used solely for the benefit
of the troop.
A strict account is kept of all the
receipts and expenditures, which are
audited once month by the company
council" and the accounts are audited
by company, regimental and battalion
commanders, as well officers of the
inspector generals department.
The ration as issued is scientifically
constructed with view to the produc-
ton of the most nourishing, acceptable
and satisfying form of variable diet
that can be provided, and econ omy is
aimed at only with a view to put be-
fore the soldier food that is sustaining
and that will not, with proper regula-
ton, pail upon the taste and appetite.
NO special regulations as to fare are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

certained by a very exact and tedious
process that the value of each of the
components of the ration added to-
gether makes the total daily value or
the daily ration, per man. 26.75 cents.
and that the total cost of the 2.100 ra-
lions for this troop Is s561.75-
Accordingly he opens a ration and
savings account with the troop. which
shows the rations and the cost thereof
to which the troop is entitled. Against
this credit the troop commander, when
ever he needs food for his troop, draws
what he requires on a charge sales
slip" which is entered on the ration
and savings account as a debit against
amount of his ration account.
At the end of the month the quarter
master and the captain have settle
ment The value of the rations drawn
is ascertained, and the captain receives
from the quartermaster a check for
the difference between the value of the
rations actually drawn and the money
value of the total number of ratlons
to which the troop is entitled for the
month. Thus. If the total value of the
rations drawn is $50, the quartermas-
ter pays to the troop S51.75, which
completes the transaction by which
the troop receives the full amount of
s561.75, which is the product OF thirty
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

corded that name in a letter which was
published in the New York Sun in 1897.
Mckinley had been nominated for the
presidency while he was on his eNplor-
ing tour. and he gave the mountain
that name on coming out of the wilder
ness. Dickey estimated the height of
the mountain as 10000 feet. A little
later George Eldridge and Robert Null
drow of our geological survey took its
height by triangulation at 20.300 feet,
which is the generally accepted figure
of its altitude, although l have seen
estimates which make it two or three
hundred feet higher.
Another remarkable survey was made
of part of the region by DIR. Alfred
they were the first men to set their
feet upon the slopes of the mountain.
1 have talked with DR.. Brooks about
his experiences. He made recon-
naissance survey of the western and
northwestern face of the group and
was the first to lay out plan for at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

photo by Bemore Browne.)
tempting the ascent of the mountain.
DIR. Brooks is one of the best authori-
ties on Alaska, and his geography of
Alaska published by the government
is by far the best authority as to all
matters regarding the territory. He
estimates the height of Mount Mckin-
ley at 20.300 feet. of Mount Foraker
at 1900 feet Mount st. Elias at 1904
feet and Mount Logan at 1883 feet.
And now as to the ascent of the noun
tain. The first man to attempt it was
James. Wickersham. who is now the
delegate to Congress from Alaska
Judge wickersham has told me how
he caught sight of the mountain
from far up the Yukon when he
first came to Alaska. and determined
to do what he could to climb to it's
top. 1t was in May 1903. after hold
ing his first term of court at Fair
banks that he set out with four men
and two mules. He went down the Ia
mana in a steamer and assembled to the
head of navigation on the kantishna.
He left the river and struck across the
country to the base of the mountain,
Out ne trleQ TO ascend py the refers
glacier. and was stopped by the .enor-
nous ice-covered cliffs of the north
peak. He came back saying that only
a balloon or a flying machine could
ever take one to the top. He spent
week in attempting the climb. and it
was only when his provisions gave out
that he returned to Fairbanks.
The next attempt to reach the top
was made by DIR. Cook. who claimed
that he stood on the peak. and gave
an illustrated lecture in Washington,
telling how he got there.
The first real ascent of Mount Nc
Kinley was made in February, 1910, by
party of mining prospectors who were
backed by three saloon keepers of
Fairbanks. The prospectors were
Thomas Lloyd. Charles McGonogili.
William Taylor. Peter Anderson and
Bob Horne, and also by E. C. Davidson.
surveyor. One of the saloon keepers
was William McPhee. big Bill Nc
Phee." whom / met in Fairbanks. He
and the two others each put up $500
apiece for the journey. and that sum
sufficed for the needs Of the party. I
had~a~talk-in a~cluh Q b Fairbanks with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22
Carpenter Writes of Mount MCKINLEY National Par

Tom Lloyd. who headed the party. and
also with Taylor and Anderson. with
whom / travelled on the Tanana river
from Nenana to Cinema
The party got to the foothills about
the first of March. 1910. and a little
later Davidson and Horne left them.
Lloyd had been hunting mountain sheep
in the region and he led the party UP
the slope by easy passes and through
the experience of McGonogill made his
way over the great Muldrow glacier.
1t took them about twenty-five days
to get to the head of the glacier with
their dogs and supplies, and it was on
the tenth of April that Taylor. Ander-
son and McGonogill made the final part
of the ascent, climbing over the ice
by means of irons strapped to their
moccasins and with hooked pipe-poles
in their hands. They did not tie them
selves together with ropes as they
crawled over the ice, and there was no
cutting of steps 1t was every man
for himself. and they gradually climbed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

Pirates. the representatives at that
time of predatory wealth. soon made
their appearance in the rich and busy
waters of the south Atlantic They
caught the rice ships on the way out,
and the wine, furniture and farm i'm
plement ships on their way in. Seven
pirate captains were captured and
hanged in chains on Execution dock, at
Charleston. Their men died with them.
Col William Rhett. one of the ancestors
Of the president of the United States
Chamber Of Commerce. in two fast yes
sells, chased the infamous Stede Bon
net onto sand bar. tied him up, hands
and feet, and bore him back to the glib
bet at Charleston. Every member of
the crew was hanged, with his fero-
cious and picturesque chief.
Slaves from Africa began work in the
rice swamps of South Carolina early in
the eighteenth century. The inhabit-
ants of the colony numbered 10000 in
the year 1860. Three-fourths of them
were black. When the bell of liberty
rang at Philadelphia in 1876 Charles
tons population was $4,000.
TWO years before. the port of Boston
having been closed by the British par
Lament. rice from South Carolina was
sent north to the hungry patriots who
had broken open the boxes and emptied
the tea into the waters of the harbor
Rice. with cotton and tobacco. has a
commanding place in American history
and also in the history of many other
countries. More than one-half of the
people in the world live on rice prin-
cipally. The Javanese call 1t a divine
food. inasnuch IL sprang blossomed
and bore fruit, SO they believe from
the body of goddess. who since then
has had large priesthood of her own
Rice planted in Java is cultivated
I'D harvested with much praying and
ahtSng. Crop failures. therefore. are
ag>mon. Nowhere can man make n
WIAhle or a synagogue of his field or
- gods. male or female. do not At
- the weather
Nice is both eaten and drunk by the
Japanese. Sake is brewed in Japan.
gain. 1s sold to the S3chs white sake
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22
BY JAMES B. MORROW.

a vAGRANT bag of seed in the
h\ year 1895. A harvest OF A.
N\ 100000 bushels In 1916. Such
q =. are the first and last figures
pertaining TO the rice industry in the
United States.
The seed. tradition has handed along
to the present generation. was sold to
John Archdale. the English governor
Of North Carolina. by the captain of a
vessel just in from Madagascar and was
distributed by the governor in small
parcels among his farming friends.
Thus the planting began. South Caro-
lima, however. low and marshy in spots.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22
30vernment Plans to Feed Its Great Armies

also bought in the cheapest market.
Local merchants, however. are always
given an opportunity to participate In
the bidding to furnish Uncle Sans mill
tary larder
Reef was shipped last summer by rail
to the border camps In refrigerator cars
and was distributed to the troops in
their camps only after rigid inspection
at the car door" This was done daily
so that the mess was never out of fresh
meat. This procedure VIII possibly he
followed in the concentration of troops
in the present emergency.
In camp bread is baked by corps OF
expert. trained bakers in bake ovens
that are marvels of perfection in their
compact-ess and effectiveness One OF
these ovens is set up by the bakers IN
an hour after arrival on the ground
and fresh bread is delivered to the
troops not later than the following
morning. These simply constructed con-
trivances are each ample to provide
bread for a regiment OF 1900 men
without working overtime. The bread
is of the finest quality, and special
loaf, known as war bread" is baked
to in sure keeping qualities for ten days
to TWO weeks. Soldiers regard this as a
welcome alternative to the nourishtng
but umroetic bareback.
During the maneuvers and practice
marches of troops on the border, and
with Gen. Pershng's command in MeXl-
CO, thorough tests Were made to deter
mine the merits and service capacity Of
signed to keep pace with the troops on
the march and TO supply them with
hot cooked foods. From these tests a
perambulatory culinary machine has
been evolved that Will meet service re-
quirements.
Uncle Sans experiences on the border
taught him many things, so that during
the winter and early spring when the
guardsmen We're returning to their
home states with the knowledge that
they were better men and better SOL
diers, he, too. was surveying the H'la
with complete satisfaction. lie hAa
gone through n rigid course or pfepara-
ton for the future.
y X
His experiences, gained mostly
through Col. Pogers and the officers un-
der him, undoubtedly will he used 10
advantage in this crisis. 1t is likely,
too, that the man who converted a sys-
tenn intended to supply 10000 men into
one to supply 100000 men, most of them
distributed in such inaccessible points
as to be no comparison with the con-
centration camps for the German emer-
gency, will be utilized again. In day
of efficiency when the War Depart
ment through the council for natlonai
defense is bending every energy IN TINS
direction, the army oihcer VINO proved
himself to be big business man wall
not be overlooked when Uncle sam IS
hunting for just such men. 1t is not
such a great distance from san Antonio
to Washington in time of crisis and a
simple order can bring him from last
summers military capital of the nation
to it's permanent capital for all times
. in forty-efg1t hours. And with Uncle
Sam facing the task of feeding 100000
men, 1t is likely that the man who sue
cessfully fed 10000 heretofore VIII be
asked to do so or at least to assist in
doing SO.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

explorer. He published book entitled
the Conquest of Mount Mckinley" in
1918, and he showed the photographs
that he took on the slope Of the noun
tain at the meeting of the national park
congress, which was held in Washing
the ascent of Mount Mckinley both
from the south and the north, and at
one time he succeeded in reaching with
in few hundred feet of the top. He
has been over the greater part OF the
region which has been incloSed in the
park. and has given the committees of
Congress a graphic representation OF
the wonders of the mountain and OF the
great droves of wild game which are to
be found on the slopes. Some OF my
best impressions or the park nave peen
gotten from him.
l have also talked with Charles
Sheldon of the Boone and Crockett
Club Of New York, about his expert
ences on the slope of Mt. Mckiniey:
He is another of the great authorities
on this out-of-the-way game region
He built cabin on the slope OF the
mountain some years ago ana spent
winter or SO there studying the game
of the country and collecting specimens
for the biological survey in Washing
ton.
The great mountain was known to
the Russians and it was mentioned in
literature, in connection with the coast
range. by George Vancouver, the nav
igator after whom Vancouver Island
was named. He came into Cook inlet
and reached the site of the present
town of Anchorage in 1894. His rec
ords describe his view Of "stupendous
snow mountains covered with snow ana
apparently detached from each other.
He must have seen Mount Mckinney.
Mount Foraker and others. we
took possession of Alaska in 1857. but
it was not until eleven years later that
two Alaskan prospectors named Mayo
and Harper made a trip 800 miles up
the Tanana river and on their return
mentioned an enormous ice-mountaln
which they saw in the south
In 1889 another prospector named
Densmore gave an enthusiastic descrip-
ton of the mountain. but it was not
until 1896 that Princeton graduate,
w, A. Dickey, travelled through the
Susitna valley and made an extended
description Of the mountain az he saw
It. Mr., DtcleeY named thu snQuutatn
after Rsesident Mckinley and heUe~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-04-22

soon became the center for the new and
profitable crop. Charleston. to which
port vessels sailed for cargoes of rice
and indigo, expanded into the fifth city
of the colonies. Planters lived there in
large, comfortable houses.
Ships from Old England and New
England carried their rice to Germany.
Portugal. Holland. Sweden and Dem
mark, and brought back French furni-
ture and wines and English cloth, farm
implements. saddles, fowling pieces and
so forth.