davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
Many U-Boats
Sunk by Ships
Defensive Guns
British Find Arming of Mer-
chantmen Is Deadly Measure
Against Submarine Warfare

Light guns in the hands OF tralneo
eunners have been found to be the
most effective weapons so far useo
against the submarines by the Allies
according to statement made last
night by a man who is close to British
shipping interests.
81 know personally that as many as
two and three submarines have been
bagged in one day in this way ne
said.
"A submarine commander looking
through a periscope has range oil
vision of about three miles, but he
must get his target broadside on 70
have a reasonable chance Of making
torpedo hit what it is aimed Tor, ana
as torpedoes are very expensive
missiles he cannot afford to take many
chances on miss.
"A perscope about the water at
distance of 200 or 800 yards makes
a fair mark for a gunner working from
the deck of ship 80 or 30 feet above
the surface Of the sea. One shot hit
ting the mark is all that is needed, as
tho submarines are Of light construc-
tion. easily penetrated, and hole any
where in their shell spells their doom
at is seldom that torpedo is fired
when a threatened ship can so manru
vre as 20 show only her stern for
mark. and in mos, Of the cases of this
nature so far reported the suDmersible'
have come to the surface and resorted
20 gunfre from the deck. In this kind
Of ight n gun mounted on a steamship
has great advantage, for the plat
form offered by a submarine is an un-
steady thing TO FIRE from, and despite
the smaller target offered the gunner'
on ships have the better OF it.
Careful observations made during
the last year of steamers mounting de
fence guns show that they are in a
measure immune from attack-unless
il is without warning, as in the case OF
the California. The number OF U-bosts
that the Germans have lost have made
them chary about showing themselves
within range OF ships on which they
see guns or which they have learned
are defensively armed.
"Other methods Of catching subma
rines. such as nets. bombs and device:
that are Admiralty secrets, are still
being used, but the deck gun on steam
ers in the hands ~ good marksmen Is
leading all others in results
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
Rernstorff Not
Anxious to Leave;
Wife Fears to Sail
Countess III, and Former Envoy
May Be Sent to Cuba
or Mexico
From The Tribune Bureau.

Washington, Feb. 9.-The obstacles
placed by Count Won Bernstorff in the
way of his own return to the Father
land, as we'll as that Of 200 members
of the German diplomatic and consular
service. were explained to-day when it
was learned from friends of the family
that Countess Won Bernstorff. who is
an American, is on the verge of a
nervous collapse.
The events of the last week, it is re-
liably reported, coupled with appre-
hension for the future, have preyed on
the countess's nerves alarmingly.
She is declared to be opposed to re-
turning to Germany at this time, both
because Of the dangers OF the trip and
because she breads living in Berlin
during the rest of the war.
Ever since Bernstorff's dismissal last
Saturday by the American government
IL has seemed that he has been OBJ
structing his return home. In apply
ing 10 the State Department for a safe
conduct from the British and French
governments, he stipulated that his
ship must not touch at Kir kwall as re-
quired by the British regulations.
The count made no secret Of his be-
lief that this stipulation would be re-
iected as reasonable, as there are
No extraordinary perils in TIE route
via Kirkwall. except those created by
tho new German submarine blockade.
II was supposed that Great Britain
would force the German party 70 pass
through the German submarine zone
The State Department, anxious to get
Bernstorfr back to his own country
urced strongly on the British govern
ment the granting of Bernstorn re,
Guest The Scandinavian Line omncI'
of tho Frederik VIII, on whlcn pein
storF was to sail. sided win the az
bassador. expressing the fear thaC VIZ
Kirkwall route was dangerous oe'"u'
NJ tho German zone DEGREES.
Asa favor to the United states utea'
britain granted the request. MAKING al.
alternative condition that the
Vii should stop at Halifax for inspeiId, I',id
tion II was thought that this woulu
se.tio the question. To-day, howeyeI r
!, was learned that the scandinavia"
} Line had entered new demand.
Tho line now demands that Great
Rritain not only guarantee the sste
massage Of the ambassador ana MS
partv 70 Stockholm, but that the saLe
return of the vessel to New YORK, WIZ,
out touching at Kirkwall, be granted
also. :..;
whether this condition was ins,l-
gated by Bernstorff is not known. ~
is believed that Great Britain, wnicn
already has gone further than courtesy
demanded in making concessions lot
Bernstorf. will not submit to any ne"
arbitrary conditions.
As result, officials have begun 70
discuss the possibility of having to DIS
nose OF the German Embassy and con-
sulates otherwise than by sending them
back TO their native land. Arrange
ments probably could be made 10 depor'
some Of them TO Cuba, Mexico or other
countries on this hemisphere
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
Aiming Ships Now
BOthers Government
By STEVENSON II. EVANS

Washington, Feb. 9.-The ambushing
and torpedoing of the California is not
the kind of tragedy upon which the
President expects to base his appeal to
Congress as the easus belli He and
his advisers have convinced themselves
that unless the American people are
confronted with the actual sinking OF
an American ship, accompanied by the
death of American citizens, the country
will not unanimously approve of war.
Washington waited all day. the ninth
since the declaration Of unlimited
frightfulness, and went early to bed,
thankful that the overt act had not ye:
been committed. Preparations, espe-
cially in the Navy Department, and IN
some Congress committees, moved on
with more or less satisfaction. In the
War Department there is no evidence
Of special activity. There was a rumor
not authenticated and practically de-
MED at the department, that demoblli-
zation of the Guard regiments at the
border was being discontinued because
Of the international situation.
The State Department was actively
engaged in getting together the evi'
dence Of the atrocities to date. includ
ing. Of course, the case of the liner
California.
The question which now appears to
bother the Administration more than
anything else concerns the arming OF
American merchantmen. Having de-
cided against convoy, on the ground
that Germany would rightly regard as
hostile the presence Of an American
shin of war in company with a mer-
chairman carrying contraband-Ger-
many has declared almost everything
contraband-the Administration now
fears that if this government assists in
the arming of American ships that, too,
may be construed as hostile.
The ship owners are hardly able TO
/ arm gneHSeINtS. IL 10
money could buy a ships gun outside
the naval stores. Men are needed for
the guns, experts. There are indica-
tions that the Navy Department is pre-
pairing action of some sort to meet the
/ situation. The fact which cannot be
hidden from the world now is that the
American government is, in practical
effect. acquiescing in the German block
! ade.
! The German blockade is illegal, and
we have so declared it. Our ships have
been advised tha. conditions are the
same now as they were before the no.
tification from Germany of the barred
zone. But ships are staying IN the
home ports. So are other neutral ships.
| To ali intents and purposes the block,
ade is effective against the United
/ States.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10

ness for all eventualities. Within
short time, perhaps a few days,
officials fear that Germany will take
the step which will make these prep
srations essential.
There is 10 expectation here that
she will modify her plans or relent
sufficiently in her execution of them
to allow even the present dangerous
situation to continue. In sense Off
cials feel that every submarine COM
mander virtually has been entrusted
with a declaration OF war against
this country.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
President Decides to
Ask for q Free Hand;
Gerard Is Released
KITCHENER SAW
VALUE OF u. S. AID

London, Feb. s.-Diseussiss the
prospects Of the United States en-
terins the war, The Saturday Re-
view says:
Two years ago Lord Kitchener.
there can be no harm in now stat
ing, believed that il only Aneries
were to join the Allies the eject
would Be to shorten considerably
bis estimate that the war would
last three years. He therefore op-
posed hostile references to the
attitude Of America, and equally
opposed the foolish habit Of pick.
ing at her sleeve, telling Der Of the
wicksdness Of Germany and urging
her to come in. He held that this
va, the way not to bring America
around, and he was right"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
BRITISH CONVOY 20 SHIPS
Freighters Assemble on Virginia Capes
Under Cruiser Guard

Norfolk, Va, Feb. 9.-The Allied
merchant feet reported to have been
assembling of the Virginia Capes for
several days waiting for convoy was
reported tonight TO have been aug
mented TO twenty vessels during the
dey, all heavily laden and bound for
the var zone. Stories brought here
were that the feet would sail to-mor-
row night guarded by three cruisers.
and that before it entered the danger
zone n squadron OF fast cruisers and
de.troysrs would join IL.
Two ships left Hampton Roads to-
d.v for ports within the submarine
zone They were the British steamer
xmalia for Manchester and Glasgow,
~ the Italian steamer Fert for Genoa.
Neither, carried American citizens.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10

London. Feb. 9.-There was a
marked falling off in the number OF
submarine victims reported to-day,
Just six ships were added to the list,
as against ten yesterday and thirteen
the day before. The amount of ton
ige destroyed was less than hall
that of yesterday, being only 10,424
tons for the six vessels sunk. Ap-
ysrsntly either the British naval au-
fhcrities have become more alert or
he number Of ships engaged in COM
mfrce in the restricted zones has
been greatly reduced.
OF the vessels reported sunk to-day
I've were neutral and one British.
TIE Norwegian vessels Hanskinck,
Storskog, Ida and Odin, the Spanish
steamer Nueva Montana and the
British steamer Hanna Larsen were
he latest victims. Not ore of these
ships had a tonnage Of more than
taree thousand.
The loss Of life on these six vessels
was heavy. as far as reports indl'
cate. Sailors Of both the Ida and tho
0din we're killed by shellfre. The
Submarine fired continuously without
warning at the Ida until the vesse
sank, members of the crew assert
The 0din was also sunk without
warning.
On the British steamer Vedamore
sunk yesterday. was an American cit
zen. Thomas Marshand. :wenty-four
according TO reports received here to
night. He was a fireman on the YES
sci. 4, is not known whether he per
shed. Complete reports show tina
twenty-five Of the crew of the vesse
we're lost and thirty-fve saved. 1h'
survivors were landed to-day, afte
drifting for ten hours in open boats
IN extremely cold weather Many o
hem we're only half clad and suf
Tered intensely from exposure.
Crew Left to Sink or Swim
The crew Of the Storskog were los
10 an unusual manner. They had bcel
tsken aboard the submarine that sani
their ship, when the German command
er sighted another vessel. The U-boa
pormptly submerged and left the pris
oners houndering IN the water. In
chief officer and carpenter we're IN
Only ones able TO return 70 the snip
boat, and they were later picked up.
The captain and the chief engineer o
ne Hanna Larsen we're taken prisone
aboard the submarine that SAM tha
vessel.
Fourteen men were lost in the SINK
ing OF the British steamer 81. NiniaT
ne destruction Of which was reporte
Wednesday last, according 70 testimon
gwen By the chief officer at an inquef
n.ld to-day on the body OF one OF IN
Victims.
Saw Sinking Of Two Ships
The officer said he had witnessed tn
SINKING Of the British steamer Corsica
Pnnee and had put OF in lifeboat I
piek up survivors. While he was r.
t9fning the submarine torpedoed IN
o. Ninisn, which sank in three MIR
gtst.
The American Consul at Liverpool n
ported to-day that George Washington
snegro fireman, who lost his life IN IN
bhsing Of the British steamer Turin
vas born In Alberta. Canada, and PR
tarnably was n British subject. He va
hrtt reported 10 have been an Amer
ssn citizen.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
Baltic, with Sl0,000,0O0
Cargo, Reaches Liverpool

y cable nefSsge announcing the ar
"ssl Of the Baltic AZ Liverpool was re-
esHsd yesteresy ~ the Office Of the
"h'it Star Line, whore apprehension
vac isit concerning the safety Of the
vessel.
me Baltic, nine-dsy boat, sailed
rom New York on January 20, and no
"'fa was received from her until yes
.iosy. She carried cargo valued at
',i'poo9co, mos, Of which was contrs-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
Paris Cuts Newspaper Size

Paris. Feb. 9.-The Cabinet to-day
d.eided on the reduction in the num-
her OF pages Of the daily newspapers.
The change will be made TO curtail the
consumption OF coal and the purchase
broad Of print paper and the raw ma
s,,isJ required for its manufsctura.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
BERLIN ENVOY ONCE A FOE
Spanish Ambassador Now Representing
u. 8. In Germany Sent Home In 1898.
From The Tribune Bureau

Washington, Feb. 9.-By prank OF
fate. the United States is now repre-
sented in Berlin by a man who, as en-
vow 70 the United States, received his
passports and was sent home.
Heis Sefior Polo de Bernabe, Spanish
Ambassador TO Germany. In 1898. at
the outbreak Of the Spsnish-American
war, h. represented spain in Washing
ton. There was nothing personal in
his dismissal, and the State Depart
ment considers it fortunate that q man
familiar with Washington Is looking
sitter the interests Of the United States
in Berlin.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
rrVE NEUTRALS
SENT TO BOTTOM
Sailors on Norwegian
Vessels Killed by
Shellfre
DAVIS U-Boat Toll
in the War Zone

The results Of the submarine
campaigns TO date are as follo1cs;
REPORTED SUNK YESTERDAY
TONS.
Hanskinck. Norwegian.2,66
Storskog. Norwegian 2,191
Nueva Montana, Sp'n'h.2,03
Hanna Larsen, British /, $40
Ida, Norwegian. 49,. 1,172
Odin. Norwegian. 1,045
Total ........... l0,424
PREVIOUSLY REPORTED SUNK
Number of ships, 68; ton
mage. 138,200.
TOTAL SINCE FEB.
Number of ships, "a; ton
mage, 14S,624; American, /;
other neutrals, 27; British,
80; other Allied, Z.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
PASSENGER VESSELS
IN OR NEAR WAR ZONE

Passenger uessels either in or
approaching the 7car gone:
Ameri-
Left cans on
Vessel. N. Y. Board.
Adri,ie (Whife Sn). Feb. 3 6
Roehambeau (Freneh) Feb. 4 Is
tSa1onis (CunarD go. Jan. 30 !
Cedric (White starr. -. FEB. 6 4
Dante Alishieri Qtslisn) Jan.27 8
stopped at Halifax. Bound for
Gibraltar.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10

rur oRrrSRRIEK - whits Sulphur
a.,,rs. W., n. Ideal time for the
cur. Only one niset from New YORK
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10

DON'T LET YOUR STOMACH BOSS roc.
Drink Or. Brushs kumyn szAdvt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-10
wEATH Err

-. ,o.dav; somewhat colder. To-
,o,,ow fair. slowly rising tenn
nerature. Northwest gales,
diminishing by tonight
Full Report on Page ~
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-06-28

who does little or no soliciting fire.
Quently wakes up to find that q fat
order has been taken from under his
nose by his competitor who solicits
regularly.
There is. however one point that
you should not overlook, namely-do
not fall into the common error OF So
liciting for a short while. until you
locate a few prospects and then work
ing upon these until they are closed
or lost without intermediate solicit
ing at the same time. II you do, YOU
will find yourself high and dry with
out a prospect in sight. This compels
YOU to spend another period Of time in
straight soliciting without anything
to close. Thus you are enabled to sell
only about half of your time. solicit
ing the other half, and your COM
mission check becomes alternately and
periodically a feast Or a famine
Devote a part of each day, If pos
sible, to soliciting, and close sales as
you go along. Thus you will have u
continuous chain of deals maturing
and paying commissions, like renewals
In the life insurance business. You will
never be without a possible customer
upon whom to work and you won't
have to yawn, as you rise in the morn
ing and wonder where you will go to-
day to try to make a sale.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-06-28
DANCER At OUR GATES.

Whiskey and women, the old due
that has Kept penitentiarics populated
and sent untold scores to the snllows
tnllcd off more victims in Montan;
Tuesday. Private Kline killed Corpora
shaw Both had been drinking. One
had been intoxicated the night before
Two women, one of whom had
switched from Kline to Shaw saw
the shooting. 1t may have been a cold,
well planned murder. It may have beer
an accident with alcohol as an acces-
sorry.
There is nothing out of the ordinary
in this occurrence. 1t is a drab, sick
eninr story of debauchery and deaf h
and, save for one big. vitality import :
ant fact. is not so different from most
news stories of its kind
These men were soldiers of the
United States army. They were at :
tached to bridge detail. They were
chosen to guard the lives of your
family. They are sworn to the service
of the country in it's struggle to save
the birthrieht of liberty and indie
pendence to the people. We are at war
with a nation that seeks the lives of
our people, that hopes to invade our
land and loot it of everything worth
having.
What security is to be had from such
soldiers as Kline and Shaw and what
is to be said Of the shameful lack of
discipline that was responsible for this
condition. Why are women permitted
To visit this camp? Who are the men
guilty OF violating the law forbidding
the sale of liquor to soldiers and why
have they not been punishedr Surely
the work of detection is not difficult,
for drunken soldiers are often seen on
our streets
We should say, off hand, that III.
commanding officer has much to ex-
plain. 1t is passing strange that
he had no knowledge Of "a con
dition of affairs tlnt has existed
for weeks Ifthe officers of an army
cannot maintain discipline what hop.
remains for the safety from the brutal
l f4.ev ~.z Ia
Huns that burn homes. ravish womer
and girls and mutilate bodieso
Believe U.S. fellow citizens, this il :
serious matter and it is your duty to
probe 1T thoroughly. There can be nc
frame up of evidence that will re-
move women, and whiskey from The
facts Of thet case. ! | III ID ! I
Watch and see that the officers ~.
sponsibae for this dangerous condition
Of affairs are punished for their Grim
inal negligence.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-06-28
THE FLAG IN FRANCE.

our fighting men have reached
French soil. The Stars and Stripes arc
floating with the Tri-c color and the
Union Jack. For the first time in his
tory We have an army in Europe and
engaged in u Srueling war for the lib
"rty Of mankind. Not long from this
date we will be reading a list of the
American boys who have fallen in
battle. There will be names from the
mountains of the great west from the
granite hills of New England, from
the sweet. soft magnolia gardens of the
southland.
Then we shall know full we'll that
this terrible war is upon us and that
we must fight to the death to be
saved. That horror should not be
necessary to awaken us to a sense of
duty and responsibility, but it may be
that nothing else can accomplish it.
The death of one Missoula boy will do
more TO Kill the criminal pacifism of
a small group in this community than
anything We can think of.
American troops have reached
Franc" weeks before their arrival was
anticipated. 1t is brilliant work and re-
lI"ctS credit upon the administration at
Washington. While some of the busy
newspaper Enats have been straining
!" 'Ind fault, the war department has
"'h WORKING quietly and effectively
N''h tn" result that there is on French
S"Il It Large contingent of the great
army that is to follow.
N'\"r hfor" has so large n number
"l troops been gathered and trans
''o'''n safely over Il great distance in
Sorh n hli"1 period of time,
ZOO" forum" to those gallant Ameri-
van boys! May God send Victory 10
their cleaning banners.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1917-06-28
rs Years Ago
What Missoula Was Doing
on This Date in 1892.


| Irom the Missonla Gazette of Tues
day, June rs, 1922
The Heyfron ranch in Hellgate can
yon has been purchased by Joe Green
| ough and Charles Cowell for $4,000
| and it is pretty well understood tina,
this purchase is only preliminary to
an enterprise TO be undertaken by tht
| Houston Thompson Electric Light
e, company, which win result in furnish
ing Missoula with all the power re
CURED for the running OF street ca RS
electric lighting ana general mannf:,c
ture. II Is proposed to erect a dam
in the Hellgate river further I'M than
! was contemplated in the scheme of last
summer and OF n height sufficient To
furnish considerably over 900 horse
power aud perhaps as much as 5000.
Grass Valley has been more than
once associated with the French ca
madam feast of st. John the Baptist.
The day was a great event in the val
ley. and no more powerful contrast to
the lights and shadows of city life
could scarcely be conceived than that
presented by the animated crowds that
votaried to pleasure at the hosiery of
Grass Valley Thursday The fete real
lied about $500 clear of expense, which
almost covers the debt on the parish
church.
The celebration of the Fourth in this
city by Missoula's volunteer frs DO
partment promises to be a fitting one.
worthy of the day and of the de-
partment. There will be Il parade by
the department in the morning with
all the boys in full uniform and all
the engines and apparatus gaily deco
rated. The exercises in the way of
athletic contests will take place in the
afternoon. In the evening there will
be 4 grand display of fireworks on the
hill north Of the city.
The rattle for the handsome gold
headed cane which has been on cxhi-
bltlon at the Florence hotel bar for
the past few weeks will come off this
evening.
small trpstle on the Northern Pa :
cific about two and half miles this
side OF DeSmet was burned yesterday,
Major John b. Catlin returned on
Sunday evening from u visit to Mime
apo'is and other eastern points. liz
was present at the convention.
Col. Tom Marshall went to Thomp
son Falls yesterday on professions
business.
Mrs. II. q. Collins returned last
evening from n visit Of two months tc
relatives in Bonner