davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
TWO INMATES OF
STEILOCOOM ARE KILLED

TACOMA, Sept. 19.-W. H. Mil
Ter and William Thomas, inmates Of
the Western Washington hospital for
the insane at Steilacoom, were cleo
trocuted this afternoon when attemtp-
ing to cross fence on the asylum
grounds which was charged with cleo
tricity as a result of a high tension
wire of the Steilacoom line falling
across the fence.
A patient named Davis was first to
see the men in their predictiment. He
thought they were fighting and re-
ported to the superintendent. A glance
out of the window showed that their
clothes were on fire. Attendants rush
ed to them and found them on the
ground, badly burned. Life was ex-
tinct and efforts to resuscitate them
were unavailable. The two victims
had been picking berries about half
mile from the asylum building. AS
they returned for lunch they attempt
ed to cross the fence 'at the same
time and death was instantaneous for
both.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
Eleven Hurt in Riot

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 19.-Ele-
ven men were badly beaten. nine of
whom were removed to hospitals, and
five were arrested here early today
in another outbreak of street rioting
and acts of violence which have al
most daily marked the strike of 1850
platform men of the United Railroads
for recognition of their union, higher
wages and shorter hours, since the
walkout more than a month ago.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
MOVE TO BAR DANCING
WHERE LIQUOR is SOLD

CHICAGO. Sept. 1.-THE Chicago
Brewers association, the Chicago Re-
tail Liquor Dealers association and
several other kindred organizations
made known today that they will soon
begin an active campaign to prohibit
dancing, skating and vaudeville en-
tertainment in any Chicago cafe in
which liquor is sold.
The move for this enforcement will
take the form Of an ordinance to be
presented to the city council at its
first meeting on October l. it is said.
The only form of amusement favored
under the liquor dealers plan is band
concerts in places which seat 500 per-
sons or more.
/ "We have had our own men inves-
tigating cabarets and dance halls in
the CITY," asserted William Legner,
president of the Brewers association.
''and we have decided to clean house"
The abuse Of license and privilege
demands the separation of the sale
of liquor and amusements such as are
now prevalent in cafes. Ninety-five
per cent of the men in the saloon bus
iness in the city are supporting the
move" '2.' - g.
Mr.. Legner predicted that with
whiskey under the ban by congress
sonal action, by November of this.
year 1900 of the citS's 1000 saloon
license. would lapse.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
UNCLE SAM MAY KEEP
VITAL STATISTICS RECORD

WASHINGTON, D. c., Sept. 49,
Department of commerce officials
want the government to keep a rec
ord of all births and deaths and re-
Communications to congress providing
for a federal record of vital statistics
probably will be made in the forth
coming annual report of Secretary
Redfield. Only twelve states keep rec
ords of births and twenty-six keep
death records.
Officials studying the question are
of the belief that an amendment tc
the constitution is necessary to enable
the government to keep such records
The phase of the subject is being
studied closely.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
HOUSE 5 agrees !
T III ON BOND BILL
., ,.--s~++ ~,
$11 800, 100000 Be Incorporated II
Report Which Will be Present.
ed Thursday

WASHINGTON, d. c., Sept. 10
House and senate conferees on the
$11,5OO,O0O.OO0 bond bill agreed to-
day on the amount carried in the bill
and their report will be presented in
the senate Thursday. 1t is expected
that the bill will be ready for the
presidents signature Saturday. The
conferees struck out the amendment
introduced by Senator La Toilette
fixing a definite rate of interest on
the certificates. This leaves the inter.
est rate to be fixed by Secretary Nc.
Adoo.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
SOLDIERS WILL BE
TAUGHT jill JITSU

SAN FRANCISCO. Sept. 19.-Jiu
Jitsu, the Japanese style of self de-
fense, is to be taught to the American
soldiers as part of their curriculum,
according to the announcement made
here today by Allan S. Smith. who
has received his commission from the
government as an instructor of the
art. Smith arrived from Toxic. where
he won the "black belt" correspond
ing to championship honors. for his
prowess. A demonstration before
American military attaches at Toxic
led to his commission, he said.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
HUNGARY CLOSES GATES
TO FAMISHED ALLIES

COPENHAGEN, Sept 19.-Hun-
gary, which has acquired reputa-
tion in the central empires as land
flowing with milk and money, where
eggs, butter and white bread are still
to be obtained; has been compelled to
close her gates to swarms of her al
lies. The government has ordered
those not Hungarians to show cause
why they reside in that country. Those
who cannot show adequate reasons
and have merely settled I'm Hungary
because food could be obtained there,
will be given a week in which to leave
the country.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
Young Man Ends Life

NORTH YAKIMA, Sept. 19.-H.
Hudson. aged 25 years, son Of Mr.. and
Mrs. J. A. Hudson. living in the Par
ker district south of here, committed
suicide yesterday by hanging. His
failure to appear for breakfast was
followed by discovery of a note an
nouncing his intention. He worked as
a boxmaker in the Parker district for
several years and outside of the fruit
season was regularly employed at
farm work. He was not among those
called in the draft in this country.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
MINISTER FAVORs
NEGOTIATED PEACE

AMSTERDAM. Sept. 49, The
statement that the German foreign
secretary. DR.. Won Kuehlmann, is in
favor of a negotiated peace Is made
In a dispatch to the Frankfurter
Zeitung from Vienna, which the Sec
retary recently visited. "Dr. Won
Kuehlmann's calm and steady man.
ners," the dispatch says, made a
good impression in Vienna, especial
ly as he, like the imperial chancel-
lor, is free from all chauvinism re-
garding the situation and in favor OF
peace by understanding"
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
WE'LL KNOWN ALASKAN
DIES IN TEXAS TOWN

Judge Robert d. Grey, former re-
ceiver of the oil fields and railroad
property at Katalla, and a member of
the first territorial legislature in 1912
died at the home of his brother in
Texas, according to word received
here on a recent boat Judge Gray had
been failing for some time before
leaving here, and went south in an
endeavor to regain his health. The
news of his death will be great
shock to his many friends.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

Max H. Houser, Portland, agent OF
the federal grain corporation, who
was present at the meeting. said he
could do nothing to remedy the situa-
ton.
when these matters were up did
all l could to point to the government
why there should be basic price for
the West. Now as a citizen and in
dividual l will continue to do all
can to see that the basic price is OBJ
tained."
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
ONE MAN COMPRISES
.... THIS BATTALION

CAMP FUNSTAN. Kan, Sept. 10.
William Michaei- Connor. Of Clovis
N. NJ, arrived at the national army
cahtonmeht' here yesterday
"Who are you?" asked Lieutenant
Colonel C. B. Clark, In charge of the
assignment OF men. ''i
"rm the frst's i-2 per cent OF the
quota from Clovis, N. NJ. Connor re-
Piled
For the next twenty four hours the
342 North Dakota machine gun bat
talon, to which the New Mexico
drafted men will be assigned. will be
comprised entirely of Connor.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
Large Public Social

Everyone Is invited to attend the
large public social to be given at the
Congregational Church this evening
Many. preparations have been made to
make this one of the most agreeable
and enjoyable events ever pulled OF
in Valdez. Several stunts, absolutely
new to Valdez will take place there
this evening and those who do no,
attend will undoubtedly miss the
time of their lives. Refreshments will
be served at a late hour.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
WILSON CAN'T SEE
MEMBERS OF COUNCIL

WASHINGTON, D. c.. Sept. 49,
Prof. H. w. l.. Dana, representing
the Peoples Council of America for
democracy and Terms of Peace, which
was not allowed to hold meetings in
several western cities last week, was
refused an interview with President
Wilson today by Secretary Tumu
Mr.. Tumulty said the president was
too busy to see anyone from that Or
ganization. 4
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
POISON CANDY DROPPED
in FRANCE BY GERMANS

MONT BELLARD. France. Sept.
19.-German aviators are continuing
to drop poisoned candy in this region.
Some has been found wrapped in pap
er bags. Other poisoned sweets are
in the form OF chocolate cherries
wrapped in lead coated paper.
Strict orders have been issued to pre-
vent the consumption of this candy.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
BONUS WILL BE
GIVEN AT CAMP LEWIS

TACOMA, Sept. 19.-Announce.
ment is made by the Office of the con.
structing quartermaster. Major Dav.
i'd L. Stone, of Camp Lewis, Tacoma
that a bonus of so cents day will
be given to men who remain at work
at Camp Lewis from now until Octo-
ber 1. inclusive. The men have been
working on q bonus of so cents q
day but this expired September I and
the number of workmen dropped from
$500 to 7,70e within the last few
days. Good carpenters. particularly.
are wanted. It is expected the payroll
at Camp Lewis next Saturday will
exceed 100000. '' '''- = '''''>>. ''.'', .,
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
4 l|g!.:EyR?tQl'!RlIE|R>> Ql'!RlIE|
''' ':' CHASING. ! N SUBS SllB||'S'
q A>SAs--4--tj sit 81 III
'.....t
Says Present Occupation More Excit-
ing than Chasing Whales in .
Alaskan Waters

SEATTLE. Sept. 19-John Borden
the millionaire sportsman who fin
anced the Great Bear expedition
which was wrecked last fall on Pin
nacle rocks, in Bering Sea, in writing
to Seattle friend says his present
occupation is hunting submarines
and that it is more exciting than chas-
ing whales In Arctic waters. -.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

Otto Elfstrom arrived In town to-
day with the launch Katalla Queen.
Capt. Elfstrom reports heavy thun-
der storm down the bay early this
week, accompanied by a heavy fall
of hail. The Katalla Queen hit rock
this trip, but was foated clear with
but little damage, other than staving
a cardboard strake.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
TROOPS FROM OTHER
FRONTS SENT TO ITALY

UDINE, Italy, Sept. 19.-The Aus
trian command has succeeded in con-
centrating such number of fresh
troops and artillery removed from the
Russo Rumanian and Balkan fronts
that the battle is again raging more
fierce1y than ever, especially east of
Gorizia and northwest of Hermada,
in the Carso area.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
$1,000. 10000 DEFICIENCY
BILL PASSES HOUSE

WASHINGTON, D. c.. Sept. 10
The seven billion war deficiency bill
passed the house today by unani-
nous vote.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
STEAMER MARIPOSA
ARRIVES FROM SEATTLE

The steamer Mariposa arrived in
port from Seattle early this morning,
with a light mail and the following
passengers: Mrs. H. w. Miller, Mrs.
F. M. Brown, M. c. Goodwin and
wife, H. M. Goodwin, Rev. FIR. Van
der Pol, Meyer Blum. Those sailing
for Anchorage were Frank Gustaf-
son and Alfred Anderson.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
GENERAL TERM OF
DISTRICT COURT CALLED

A general term of the district court
for the territory Of Alaska. third di-
vision. has been called by District
Judge Fred M. Brown, and will be
held in Valdez beginning the 18th
day Of October and will continue
thereafter from day to day until the
calendar is cleaned up.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
The local Signal Corps boys will
have a basketball team In the field
the coming winter.
Revenue Cutter in Port

Revenue Cutter In Port
The revenue cutter Unalga arrived
in port last night, and will sail for
the westward some time tomorrow,
after taking on about $50 tons OF
coal here The Unalga has been west
as far as Bristol bay. registering the
cannery employees, and came into port
to bring the cards of those registered
A ball will be given the officers to-
night by the younger set.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
many KILLED :
~ BY TYPHOON
China, When Hurricane Strikes
Chinese Waters

Annoy, China, Sept. 19.-Six hun
dred lives were lost here by typhoon
which swept in from the Straits Of
Formosa, and struck the city with
out warning. Eight-five per cent Of
the water craft in the port at the
time was destroyed.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
KORNIIOFF WRITING
STATEMENT OF CASE

PETROGRAD, Sept 19.-General
Korniloff. who recently headed the
revolution In Russia, and who sur
rendered to the constitutional author
ties is imprisoned in hotel at Moh-
lick, writing a statement of the facts
which caused him to enter the revolt
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
GERMANY ABAUQDNS
!. HOPE VICTORY
Won Hindenburg Says That he Does
Not Look for Decisive Victory on
Land but Controls Seas .,

NEW YORK, Sept. 19.-Admiral
Won Hindenburg has abandoned all
hope for a decisive victory on land,
and is looking to the submarines to
win the war for the central powers,
according to the text of a telegram
sent by him to Chancellor Michaelis,
as published in the Journal de Gen.
eve, just received here.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

Mrs. Fred M. Brown brought her
Ford touring car up from the States
with her, and will enjoy the good
roads in the vicinity of Valdez.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
SOLDIERS ARE
p. ' ARRIVING CAMPS
Men From Northwest Pouring Into
Camp Lewis at Rate of $500 per
Day Until Quota Filled

CAMP LEWIS, Sept. 19.-Men
from Alaska, Washington, California
Utah, Oregon, Nevada, Wyoming and
Idaho will begin arriving here tomor-
row at the rate of $500 daily until the
full quota of $4,000 men arrive.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

o. A. NJ Meeting Tomorrow
The Order Of Alaskan Moose will
hold an important meeting tomorrow
night, and all members are urgently
requested to be present Nomination
of officers and other business will
come before the meeting.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

FOR SALE-800 shares of Sweep
stake stock for 10 cents per share.
Inquire Prospector office. If
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

The launch Token Lou arrived to-
day from Ellamar, with L. L. Middel-
kamp and Mrs. Charles Larsen as pas
sengers.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
Second QUOTA
: REPORT R R ;! |! BOARDS B! Al
sW shs 81 s',i ;ils.
Registrants In King County Eligible
for Second Drawing Reporting
to Examining Boards

SEATTLE. Sept. 19.-The second
quota of selected men, 73S from King
County and Seattle. began reporting
to their local boards this morning for
roll call and will leave tomorrow for
Camp Lewis.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

A number of Valdez boys will give
dance for the officers of the Unalga
this evening at Moose Hail. Invita-
tions have been issued to about sixty.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

Don't fail to buy ticket for the
grand ball to be given by the Moose
band on Sept. 49,. one week from
next Saturday.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

Theo easier and Mrs. M. Smith
were passengers on the steamer Mari
posa from Seattle for Latouche.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
OPENS IN SEATTLE

SEATTLE, Sept ia branch Of
the federal reserve bank opened here
today.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

The mercury in Valdez registered
80 above last night and thin coat
ing of ice formed in many places.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

Lieut.. Faust arrived at Workman
last evening and will be in town this
evening ''.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

I Won, eRatackh who ~ sueceeded as
food dictator by Herr Won Waldow.
said to have, been personally selected
by the kaiser. has more than once COM
planned Of the position being a"most
1i6icult and thankless one. He Is re-
iuorted as not sOrrowing much over his
,loss Of tho plaoe.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
Seattle Fish Prices

SEATTLE, Sept. 19.-Seattle price
at noon, September eighteenth; hall
but Is 3-4 cents; sable fish 1 1-2c.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19

Alfred Anderson was a passenger
on the Mariposa for Anchorage.
Valdez daily prospector. (Valdez, Alaska) 1905-1918, 1917-09-19
aaeTa0Iq tasWdi

da5ISUII JE5WHI w "-lUHJHV
@rVHn,ef3iAba .sbtH AbaorA 080s
The youngest member Of congress,
John M. Baer. Is but thirty-one years
ole. He was elected to succeed Henry
r. Helgesou by tine Nonpartisan league
OF North Dakota. He also has tAe dis
tinction Of oeing the only cartoonist In
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-12-08

PERKINS, and CentemeTi's
real French kid gloves in
white with gray tan and
black embroidery. $50 10
s3.00 per pair
PERKINS, and Centemori's
black kid gloves, plain stitch
cd and fancy embroidered
backs. SIS 20 $500 per pair
Perrin's and Ceutemeri's
tan, gray and dark brown
French kid gloves. Sl,15 10
s2.75.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-12-08

Nomen's silk-lined mocha
gloves. 1925 pair.
Wome1's silk-lined suede
gloves $175 pair.
Wash kid gloves. all shades
SlT5 to S225.
Silll-lined cape gloves, Sc
per pair,
Kayser's double silk gloves,
$125 to $3.50 pair.
Chamoisette gloves, 59C,
79C, 85e and 81 90 pair.
Women'5 cashmere gloves,
soc, 59c and 79c paic.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-12-08
Distinctive and Exclusive in Design

FOT the NllllIdFy wan
Photo locket cases. hold from
one to four pictures. $500 to $500.
Identification lockets. 10 hold
government Identification tag and
one photo, gold or silver S2S5 to
$500.
Sterling key chains and marker,
si.50 TO $500.
Sterling and gold wlt buckles
with real leather ~ $3.50 to
5000
Cigarette holders in sterling
cases, $500
Cigarette cases In sterling and
sheffield silver $3.50 TO S400
Gold knives. engraved. hammer
Cd and jeweled. $3.50 to S75e.
Rosary locket containers with
rosary. Of gold and silver $3.50 to
$500
Scapular lockets and medals. of
gold and silver. csc TO $500
Fountain pens, many styles. $3.50
70 ST.50.
waldmar and Dickens chains.
Wis to $500
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-12-08

Your gift Of silk hosiery may be very
plain but fine quality black pair of silk hose
or IT may be an extreme novelty stripe or :
beautifully embroidered pair The collection
is unusually comprehensive for early gift
choosers.
Womens thread silk hose with Isle tops,
in fancy coored stripes. per pair sizes
Radmoor thread silk hose Isle tops,
black and white. all sizes, per pair 1925
Fine thread silk hose IN silver. beaver
dove, channels. cordovan etc. pair $3.50
and sl75
Richelieu ribbed thread silk hose in go.d
bronze navy pink black. white pair SITS
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-12-08

Bracelet watches, plain and en-
graved, Swiss and American move
ments, s1125 to $4,000.
Pearl necklaces, all sizes and
lengths, $3.50 to $500.
Layallieres. jeweled with dla-
monds. pearls. rubies, saphires,
canoes. etc, $3.50 to $4,000.
New pierced and jeweled little
finger rings, $500 to $4,000.
Hand-carved canoes. set in gold
brooches, big selections. $50 10
SS5 90.
knitting needles. silver trimmed
protectors, $500 10 $500
Lingerie clasps in gold and sill
yer, 25c TO $3.50.
Egyptian art jewelry brooch
pins. bar pins. and necklaces, 500
10 $3.50
Manicure rolls in soft leather
cases, TO IS piece sets, s200 TO
$500
The Springdale news., 1917-05-11
WORK or LEGISLATURE

A final calendar Of the House and
Senate was issued this week, giving
complete list /. the Acts of the
General Assembly, with the number
of each bill, the author, and the date
of approval. also showing the bills
left on the calendar, and those de-
feated and vetoed 1t is the most
complete record of any legislative ses-
ion ever printed, and will be found
very valuable to all who are interested
in the work of the Legislature.
The net result of the session was
the enactment and approval of 481
acts, of which 166 originated in the
Senate and 315 originated in the
House
There were 5S8 bills introduced in
the House, of which 227 did not reach
the Senate There were 137 left ON
second reading, and one on first read
ing, 3 were left pending on the SEN
ate calendar, 81 were defeated in the
House, Is met like fate in the Sen
ate, and House bills were vetoed af-
ter they had passed both houses
There We're 1913 bills introduced in
the Senate, of which III did not reach
the House, % were defeated in the
House. were defeated in the Sen
ate. "a died on second reading in the
House, and 81 were left on the ealen=
dar in the Senate, while were vetoed
Only AZ per cent of the bills in
PRODUCED became law. Many of those
left on the calendar. however, we're
identical copies of bills that had been
either passed or defeated in the other
house, and many bills were of course
withdrawn and substituted. As a
rule, bills left on the calendar We're
unfavoraby reported by some com
mittee, and were not pressed by the
author because he realized that it
would be impossible to secure their
passage.
The records show that 70 per cent
of the acts passed, in number, and
greater per cent in volume are local,
special or private acts, in which the
whole state is not interested There
are IA acts that may be classified as
general, and 337 that are classified
as local or special. A large number
of the local acts are for the organiza-
ton of improvement districts
The Springdale news., 1917-05-11
NJ. f. Church South.

Next Sunday, May 18th, is Moth
er's Day President in 1914 issued
proclamation that the second Sun
day in May should be set apart as
a day on which the people throughout
the nation should pay tribute to
motherhood. Those whose mother is
dead are to wear a white flower, if
living bright colored one.
II you are away from home write
a letter of appreciation to mother
Appropriate services will be held
at the NJ. E. Church. South, Il a. m.
All mothers of the church are
urged to be present If not able TO
walk let the pastor know and a CON
veyanee will be furnished, not only
mothers, but fathers and others who
desire TO come Ali should attend
church somewhere Sunday in honor
of mother If you fail to find the
flowers. a committee will furnish you
at the church Don't fail to observe
Mothers Day Sunday
We give you a hearty welcome to
worship with Us at the evening hour.
The Epworth League will have
charge of the service and render the
anniversary program. All leaguers
are urged to be present as this is the
last meeting before the League Con-
ference at Rogers. May Is, 1917
A H. Dulaney, Pastor