davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-22
Drift Is Toward
Government Control

Government Control
But to return to the subject OF
prices, which is uppermost in the
minds of all.
An attempt is now being made t"
stem this tide by price and priority
fixing under government authority
So far this has not been entirely sat
isfactory, and in many individual
cases the cure has been worse than
the disease. 1t is only fair to say,
however, that even the most strenu-
GUS advocates Of government control
did not expect it would be entirely
satisfactory, but have advocated 1t
as the best emergency measure in
sight.
As we proceed along this line,
however, it becomes clearer and
clearer that the fixing Of the price
of one commodity will necessitate the
fixing of the price of all commodi-
ties, which we recognize at once is
beyond the ability of any govern
ment, much less one already over
loaded with the direction Of great
war, for which it was not prepared
and is not trained.
In spite of this fact, we seem to be
drifting toward government control,
which smacks so strongly of social
ism that it is perhaps hardly distin-
guishable from it. Only very small
minority of the people in this coun-
try want socialism or have any faith
in it. The example Of Russia should
cure even that few from any desire
to try it.
The real problem before the bust
ness men Of the country, then, is to
take such steps as will stop this drift
before it goes too far.
Americans In general are lndl-
vidualists. We have been brought up
to believe in Individual liberty, indi-
vidual initiative and individual en-
terprise. We realize, however, that
as individualists we cannot make
successful war upon country whose
business men, as we'll as army, are
forced to cooperate under one auto
cratic leadership. The tremendous
power which Germany continues to
exhibit is undoubtedly due to this
singleness Of purpose. If we can de-
velop in this country singleness OF
purpose comparable with that which
Germany has developed we can un-
doubtedly win; but the method by
which they have obtained their sim
gleness Of purpose-autocratlc mill
tary authority-is just as abhorrent
to us as socialism. We must, there
fore, find some other standard around
which all our strength can be rallied.
Our business system has in the
past been founded on the theory that
money is power, and that if we can
only get money enough we can do
anything. The war has clearly dem
onstrated that money is not neces-
sarily power, but only the means of
purchasing power, provided that
power is purchasable. We begin to
realize the truth enunciated by the
ancient philosopher when he said to
a man who came to him boasting of
his wealth: What availeth all thy
wealth? He that hath better iron
than thou will come and take away
all thy gold" In other words, we
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-22
Holding Corporation for
Railroads Feasible

The American Railway Associa
ton has made a start in this direc-
ton. 1t is confessedly only start.
Nevertheless it has worked such Won
ders with our railroad transportation
that people are already asking how
the methods it has developed can be
perpetuated. Some large shippers
have said that return to the old
methods was unthinkable. When we
realize that these results have been
accomplished in spite Of laws de-
signed to prevent this very thing we
begin to get some idea of the possible
economic value of cooperation in
transportation, unhampered by the
Sherman law, and not in need of the
services of the Interstate Commerce
Commission.
1t has been suggested that such a
result might be permanently
achieved if the railway association
should be incorporated as holding
company, having no capital stock,
and should take over all the railroads
of the country by issuing its bonds
and guaranteed stock for the securi-
ties of the railroads. While this is
not the place to discuss the details
of such a corporation, | am assured
by those who are most interested in
the subject that there are ct least no
legal difficulties in the way of its ac-
complishment. Such a corporation
would be the first real public service
corporation the world has ever seen,
for, there being no common stock to
absorb profits, all such profits would
be devoted to the improvement OF the
plant. 1t might serve as a model for
innumerable corporations for the dis
tribution of commodities.
The ideas above stated were first
advanced by an economist Of interna-
tional reputation who before the war
studied the economics of big business
in all the capitals of Europe, and
whose predictions made in 1915 have
teen absolutely verified. He tells US,
also, what we already knew, that
competition in production has a ten
dency to increase the amount of
product and the economy of produc-
ton, while competition in selling and
distribution invariably increases the
cost of both. The great waste of en-
ergy evidenced by the methods Of ice
and milk distribution illustrates the
latter fact sufficiently, not to say
anything about the paralleling of
railroads. Inasmuch as we shall be
forced not only during the war but
after its termination to conserve
every possible ounce of energy that
we can produce, it would seem ra-
tional that we should adopt as soon
as possible the methods which will
lead to that result.
While cooperation is very helpful
in production, it is seldom that, in
manufacturing processes at least, the
best results can be obtained without
competition, in which the greatest re-
wards go to the most successful. In
other words, production is naturally
an individualistic process, as distin-
guished from a socialistic process.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-22
Monday, october %, 1917

Security market values faced about
abruptly after the sharp break in
prices at the beginning of the week.
The stock market displayed a much
stronger tone, a natural reaction
from the drastic decline on Monday
and the preceding week. AT times
stocks advanced with real buoyancy.
While it is premature to assume that
the betterment that has taken place
is permanent, it seems certain that
the situation has improved general
ly. One Of the important signs of re-
turning confidence was shown in the
weeks operations at the Stock Ex-
change by the increasing number of
purchases by small investors. indi-
eating that the bargain hunter is be-
coming a factor in the market. Rail-
road shares did better on the expec-
tation that the pending appeal for
higher rates will be granted. The
whole security market situation has
been helped by the comparative
state of ease in money. For the
time being, at least, it appears that
the efforts of the money committee
to maintain an ample supply Of
funds are working satisfactorily.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-22
Cost Increases
With Competition

On the other hand, distribution is
essentially a socialistic process, for
competition, when carried to its logi-
cal conclusion, invariably increases
its cost. This is so true Of selling,
which is a part of distribution, that
the cost Of selling an article is often
several times that of production.
The business system of the future
can thus be neither exclusively com
petitiye nor exclusively socialistic,
but must be so devised that each
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-22
ANDREW j. MCCORMACK. Auctioneer
BY ADRIAN II. MULLER a son,
MONDAY OCTOBER 22 1871

At Il 80 O'Clock p NJ. 90 the ENchans.
SalcsrO0m. Nos Il and Is Nesey Street
For Account OF Whom n May Concern.
500 shs American Smelling s. Refining
Company common.
zoo shs Crucibie Steel Company q
America common.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
BASED ON ANCIENT CUSTOM
Superstition Regarding Seeing the New
Moon Through Glass Is Older
Than Christianity.

''DOn't see the new moon through
glass;" thousands of people are just
now saying. The superstition is based
on q custom older than Christianity,
and enduring in Places travellers may
tell us, to this day, says the London
Chronicle. The Jews had no real cal
endar, but depended for the Inaugural
ton of the feasts of trumpets, which
began with the advent Of the new
moon, upon actual observance Of the
crescent. Jews watched, with reward
in view, for the coming of the new
moon, as our sailors watch for the ap-
pearance of periscope. Immediately
they saw it they hied them to the high
priest at Jerusalem. They were per-
mitted to travel even on the Sabbath
for the purpose. Now the testimony
must be not only that of men of repu-
tation; it must be that of men who had
seen the phenomenon with the naked
eye. The appearance Of the moon must
not be noted as reflected in a stream,
nor through clouds, nor through glass.
That vitiated the value Of testimony
and preGuded possibility Of reward.
Travellers from the East, possibly Cru
saders, brought the story to the West,
where it remains "unlucky' to see the
new moon through glass.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
81 GIVEN LIEUTEHiAaHvcc!!ES
Candidates From Middle West Pass
Amy Tests

Washington, July 30.-The names Of
candidates who had passed the ex-
aminations in April for provisional ap-
pointment as second lieutenants in the
regular army were announced by the
war department
Following are the successful candi-
dates from the middle West:
Illinois.-Enrique Rogue, Chicago !;
Charles Pope, II, Chicago; Walter G..
Armstrong, Company 3, Eleventh P. T.
regiment, Fort Sheridan Edwin Morti-
mer Woodward, Adm +; Norman l.. Bald
win, Oak Park; Elmer e. Hagler, Jr.,
Springfield; Ridgely T. Elliott, Troop
y. First cavalry. l. n G., Springfield :;
David P. Minard, Chicago; Donovan
Yeuell, Chicago; Charles Walton, r. O.
L. c., Fort Sheridan Claude T. Porter,
Battery ID, First T. A.. |. n. G., Elm
hurst; Edwin Shelby, Jr., Champaign !;
Joseph w. Bollenbeck, Company 2,
Tenth Prov. regiment, Fort Sheridan !;
Chester G. Hadden, Chicago; Carson
G. Jennings, Joliet; Kenneth c. Bell,
Robinson; Russell D. Barnes, Taylor
vile.
Indiana.-James II. Genung, Jr., 1.
f. A; Carl John Rosenberger, Evans
vile; Reade M. Ireland, Eighth COM
many, Ninth regiment, r. O. T. c.,
Fort Benjamin Harrison; Edwin O.
Watson, Rushville; Edwin II. Randle,
Sixth company, Ninth division, Fort
Benjamin Harrison; Harold Haney, r.
T. d. No. g, Brazil; Gustav J. Braun,
Indianapolis; Don c. Faith, Company
6, Ninth Provisional Train regiment,
Fort Benjamin Harrison; James M.
Arthur, Indianapolis; James w. Emf
son, Jr Vincennes; Asia f. Coleman,
Logansport; Robert e. Tappan, Fifth
company, r. o. T. c., Fort Benjamin
Harrison; Dan w. Flickinger, Indian
apOlis.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
The "Cork Convent"

A striking curiosity near Cintra,
Portugal, says writer in the Wide
World, is an ancient convent built
partially in the interior of an immense
rock. The convent is situated in a
very isolated spot, and was formerly
surrounded by dense wood of cork
trees. The convent is known as the
Convento da Cortica, or "Cork Con-
vent" for the reason that the monks
cells, chapel, Kitchen and refectory are
all lined with cork to keep out the
damp. From 1860 to 1884 the convent
was inhabited by an order Of monks
known as the Capuchians a remarka-
BILE feature Of their religion being that,
except on certain occasions, silence
was obligatory. Since 1884, when the
monasteries and converts of Portugal
were dissolved, the convent has not
been occupied, though it is open to
the public, a caretaker residing there
for this purpose.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
French REPULSE
VIOLENT ATTACK
| Retaiate and Take Offensive on
the AiSne Fr0nt-AdVance
Announced.
BIG BATTLE IN FLANDERS
Berlin Declares Artillery Duel With
British Is Most Desperate Since
the War Began-Londen
Tells of Raids.

Paris, July 30.-Troops of the Ger
man crown prince at dawn made vio-
lent attack on the French positions
near Hurtebise farm on the Aisne
front. The French official statement
issued in the afternoon says the Ger
man attack was repulsed and that the
French, in retaliation, later Instituted
an offensive between Hurtebise farm
and La BOvelle, gaining ground at all
points ON this sector and particularly
in the region Of the Monument. The
text Of the French official report says:
about dawn the Germans to the
west Of Hurtebise farm made a viO-
lent attack on a front Of 600 meters
$3.50 yards (which was smashed by the
bravery of our troops.
''In retaliation for this attempt made
by the enemy we began an action at
an early hour between Hurtebise and
the region Of La Bovelle. 1t was con-
Quoted by our infantry with superb
spirit and enabled US to progress on
oil points, notably In the region of the
Monument.
In Champagne, in the sector Of Ia
hUre, the enemy executed strong sur
prise attack which was repulsed.
"On the left bank Of the Meuse the
Germans, after an intense lombard
which had been conquered by us be-
tween Avocourt wood and Hill No. 3O4.
The precision and vigor Of our fire
stopped the enemy and inflicted heavy
losses on him.
"On the right bank of the Meuse an
enemy surprise attack on our trenches
east Of Moulainville laso met with
failure
British Raid Trenches.
London, July 30.-British troops
made number of successful raids on
the German trenches at various points
Of the battle front in northern France,
according to the official statement is
sued by the British war office. Many
casualties were inflicted on the enemy
and number Of prisoners and machine
guns were taken.
Fierce Battle Raging.
Berlin, July 3O.-1he artillery duel
In Flanders ragged all day and far into
the night. 1t is described by the Ger
man general staff as representing in
Intensity the "highest degree Of
massed effect" since the war began.
British attacks east of Monchy and
northwest of Quentin broke down un-
der heavy losses.
Southeast of Allies, in the Aisne re-
gion, four strong French attacks were
repulsed after hand-to-hand fighting.
The official report says the Ger
mans shot down 35 British airplanes.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
BRITISH RAID TRENCHES
ON THE BATTLE FRONT
4 DIE IN PARIS RAID
German Flyers Attack Capital
and Shell Hospital.
Doctor, Chemist and Male Nurse
Among Those Killed by Bombs
Firemen Sound the Alarm.

Paris, July 3O.--At least four persons
dead, and possibly a dozen injured, Is
the toll Of the second air raid Of the
Germans here within "a hours.
The latest attack came early in the
morning, and the victims were work
ers In hospital which, plainly marked
with a huge Red Cross, furnished a
target for one of the German flyers
who passed low. He dropped four
bombs, all Of which hit their mark.
One doctor, a chemist ands male
nurse were killed Immediately and a
second doctor died soon after from
injuries.
A third doctor and an administra-
ton officer and several patients were
seriously injured.
Soon after midnight firemen
throneed the streets, sounding an
alarm on sirens and bugles, indicating
another air raid. French airplanes
had been humming in the air since sun
down, and many more quickly ap-
peared, flashing signals to one another.
AS this warning was sounded an
hour later than on the previous night,
there were only a few people in the
streets.
Bugles sounded at 1 10 o'clock an
nounced that the air raid was over.
Two bombs were dropped in the at
tack made the previous night and the
authorities expressed apprehension
that the raid waa n fOrorupnor to on
attack In force.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
WINTER CONCERTS IN JAPAN
Public RehearsaIs Given by Music Pu-
pills Are Great Social Events and
Source of Profit to Teachers.

The winter concerts given by the
foremost music teachers of Tokyo,
manly, singing koto (harp), samisen
(three-stringed aguitar) or dancing
teachers, are grea social occasions,
says East and West. The pupils, all
girls, are the performers. For this day
In the teachers house the screens (fu-
suma and shojD are removed to turn
the available rooms into large hall
the studio to accommodate half dozen
or more musicians and instruments. In
one cor1er are piled up little souvenirs
sweets, fruits, fancy napkins or
fancy food-presented by the pupils
and to be distributed among those
present. The rest of the house is oc-
cupied by the pupils, present and past,
their mothers and sisters, the teachers
friends and relatives.
Such a public rehearsal begins In the
morning; luncheon is furnished BY the
teacher or hostess and the professional
friends who accompany the pupils stay
to dinner after the rehearsal Is over. A
girl who sings or plays once during the
day pays at least one yen. for the honor
Of showing her attainment, but her
grownup relatives as audience do like
wise to contribute to the teachers eX-
penses. The latter's colleagues who
accompany the girl on koto, samisen
or kOkyu receive gratuitieS from the
pupil in question which range between
one yen and fifty yen, according to the
Importance of the parts they take. Sup
posing there are twenty girls to play
during the day, those music teachers
being skilled in two or three instru-
ments, their parts are so arranged that
the days proceeds are about equal
Mothers, sisters, aunts, friends and all
enjoy the occasion highly.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
FIGHT OVER CONTROL BILL
Conferees Fall to Agree and Wilson
VIII Decide

Washington, July 3O.-President
Wilson will be called upon to settle
the fight in conference over the food
control bill.
The conference committee remained
in session throughout the day, but
failed to reach an agreement on these
two important points:
1. Shall the food administration be
controlled by one man or by board
Of three.
2. Shall the committee on war ex-
penditures be included in the bill?
Following the failure to reach agree
ment, Chairman Lever Of the house
committee announced that he would
put the two questions up to President
Wilson.
Practical agreement was reached on
all the other disputed sections and the
conferees will report on these.
They would authorize the president
to commander in his discretion such
distilled spirits in bond or stock as will
be necessary for munitions, hospital or
other war use.
Authority would be given to the
president to limit the alcoholic con-
tents in beer and wines, stopping the
manufacture If necessary. However,
1t Is not expected that this will be
done.
Two-dOllar wheat was agreed upon,
this guarantee to apply to the next
years crop. The president fixes this
price.
Three other important amendments
agreed upon were:
l. Preventing members Of the ad-
visory commission Of the council of
national defense from participating in
government contracts.
2. Authorizing the president through
the federal trade commission to fix
coal and coke prices.
8. Appropriating $4,000 for purchas-
ing nitrate, in order to sell this nitrate
to. farmers at cost, thus stimulating
agricultural production.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30

Chicago, July 3O.-Settlement Of the
switchmen's strike today was predict
ed when brotherhood officials left the
Great Northern hotel to meet the rail-
road managers conference committee
in the Transportation building.
Chicago, July 3O.-The switchmen's
strike is rapidly nearing a settlement,
it was Indicated.
Seven high officials of the locomotive
firemen, conductors and engineers
submitted plan to the committee
managers conference, of which George
Hannauer is chairman. The commit
tee is considering it.
1t provides for new way of ad-
justing the dispute which it is hoped
will appeal to the railroad officials.
The seven men are given full power to
end the strike.
This sudden change in the situa-
ton came after seven brotherhood
leaders arrived in Chicago. They are !:
L. e. Sheppard, acting president, and
w. M. Clark, vice president of the Or
der of Railroad Conductors.
III. E. Willis, L. c. Griffing and M. j.
Cable, assistant grand chiefs, and A. j..
Lowell, vice president of the Brother
hood Of Locomotive Engineers.
S. A. Boone, vice president of the
Brotherhood Of Locomotive Firemen
and Enginemen.
The brotherhood leaders met James
Murdock, vice president of the Broth
erhood of Railroad Trainmen, and
leader Of the switchmen's strike, In
the Great Northern hotel.
They agreed the brotherhood chiefs
should ask the general managers COM
mittee for a conference, and this be-
gan in the Transportation building.
Mr.. Hannauer later said the meet
ing had been at the brotherhood lead
ers' request, but declined further in
formation.
G. w. W. Hanger, member of the
federal board Of mediation and con-
ciliation, who is still here awaiting
developments, said he could not say
whether Washington advices changed
the brotherhood's attitude within the
strikes first "a hours.
At the Harrison street freight
house, where the Chicago & Alton
was attempting to move trains with
Switchmen's union men, switchmen
were attacked by strikers armed with
bricks on a viaduct above the yards.
Road officials reported some switch
men were slightly injured.
Policemen opened fire and two Of
the men, G. c. O'Connell, B. of P.
T. member, and Lee Hurt, were cap
tured," the report added.
In the Glen yards of the Alton
railroad at Summit a switch was de-
liberately thrown beneath seven
heavy carloads of coal. The cars were
derailed and traffic in that section Of
the yard held up nine hours.
The Alton also had a passenger
train, empty, derailed early in the
morning
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
ALL READY FOR DRAFT TESTS
Physical Examinations in Chicago
Soon-Aliens May Serve.

Chicago, July 30-The machinery
for making individual selections for
the national army is all set for op-
Grafton. Physical examination of men
called to Uncle Sans fighting froces
will start In many instances on
Wednesday. The actual date is up to
the board in each exemption district.
Judge Thomas +. Scully returned
from Washington after conference
with Provost Marshal Crowder.
General Crowder told me he was
powerless to do anything to relieve
the situation so faf as the alien ex-
emption is concerned" said the judge.
Secretary Of War Baker asked him
for his recommendations in the mat
ter, and 1 understand the general has
made a report based upon the state
ment Of the case made to him by rep
resentatives Of the Chicago draft
boards.
"He told me of the difficulties that
were experienced in arriving at fair
distribution of the call to arms.
'sThere are two or three bills pend
ing in congress which are aimed to
remedy the unfairness Of eliminat-
ing able-bodied, healthy aliens from
war service.
"NO matter what conclusion is
reached or when, the work Of the draft
must proceed under the rules now
before the draft boards"
New York, July 3O.-New York city
will begin drafting Saturday. Notices
to appear for examination all will be
in the mail tomorrow night. The ex-
emptiOn situation is grave.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
TROOPS TO SUPPRESS |. W. w.
Fifty Mounted Men Ordered to Iron
wood, Mich.-Men on Strike.

Lansing, Mich, July 3O.-Fifty
mounted state troops were ordered to
Ironwood, Mich, to suppress l. w. w.
activities in the upper peninsula. The
men were taken from the state con-
stabulary at East Lansing. Flat re-
fusal Of mine owners to grant demands
of the I. W. w. for Sc slx-hOur day
puts the next move directly up to the
agitators. They viii meet again and
take final action on the strike, which
they declared would be called in event
the iron miners refused to grant their
demands The operators are planning
to attack the miners in their meeting
and disband them.
The Watertown news. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1917-1919, 1917-07-30
WORLD TO KILL KAISERISM
Secretary Lansing Says That Is Only
Way to Restore Peace.

Madison Barracks, KY, July 30.-In
a speech here before LOO members Of
the Officers Reserve corps Secretary
of State Robert Lansing, emphasizing
the peril Of German Imperialism t) the
United States and the world, declared
his belief that the German people
would not cast off the yoke Of autoc-
racy until the physical might Of the
united democracies of the world had
destroyed forever the evil ambitions
of the military rulers of Germany"
That, he added, is the only way to
restore the peace of the world.