davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
TEN YEARS AGO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Royce Trip took a job at the N. p
freight depot.
A daughter was born to Mr.. anG
Mrs. Jens Lande.
The county was divided into clever
voting precincts.
Mrs. Ingwall Smith was in Tacoma
visiting her sister.
Twin sons were born to Mr.. and Mrs
E. N. Cottman, at Mesa.
w. J. Eakin and family left for Sc
attic to spend the summer.
S. D. Peckenpaugh was erecting a
schoolhouse in Dist. No. 8.
T. A. Melvin was visiting in Spo-
kane and the Occur d'Alcnes.
Nine pairs of China pheasants were
purchased and liberated in the county.
Henry Tweedt left for Genesee, Ida.
for an extended stay with his brother.
j. w. Wilson, a prisoner held for
robbery at Kiona, broke Jail at Pros
ser.
The plat of the TOWNSHIP of Pater-
son was approved by the county COM
missioners.
Misses Inez and Beulah Church were
in Spokane attending the B. Y. p. u.
convention.
M. P. Martin, comptroller Of the N.
P. Irrigation Co., was here making an
inspection of the canal.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. B. Rose and Miss
Lois Richardson went to Seattle for a
vacation of several weeks.
Mrs. Mary Crooks and daughter, Of
Boone, Iowa, were here visiting her
nephew, A. w. Tompkins and family.
w. G. King was at Toppenish as a
representative of the Commercial club
to see Secretary Of the Interior ]. r.
Garfield.
Mr.. and Mrs. w. n. Slaugenhaupt,
of MELVILLE, Pa, were here for visit
with the family Of their cousin, ]. B.
Slaugenhaupt.
T. A. Davis, manager cf the Noun
tain Gem, arrived from Seattle to take
personal charge of the shipping on the
new boat. A regular schedule between
Kennewick and Priest Rapids had been
adopted and the boat was carrying full
cargoes of materials to the up-river
construction work.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
What Tipping Means.

Fourteen thousand six hundred per
cent is pretty high rate of rent! But
it's just what you pay when you hand
the cloakroom pirate a jitney for
watching your hat for an hour. Do you
get us? Well, it's just like this: When
you pay 10 cents for the loan Of dol
lar for year you pay 10 per cent. But
If you pay 10 cents for the loan Of a
dollar for a day you pay 365 times as
high a rate, or $3.50 per cent. It's just
the same way with your So hat. When
you pay 5 cents on it for an hour you
are paying the rate Of $43S a year,
counting only twelve business hours a
day. And this is at the rate Of 1900
per cent. Tell this to the cloakrOom
girl today and get her comeback"
But don't blame us If she's bit
snippy.-Worcester Post.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
YOUTH CONGRESS
EARLY NEXT MONTH
Bows of State to be Called To-
gether to Learn About the
Problems of Government

The editor of this paper has been re-
ouested to nominate four Kennewick
boys to attend two congresses OF
youth" to be held in Seattle early next
month. .- ~ ~. ~
The purposes of these congresses
are outlined in the following state
ment of Gov. Ernest Lister: r.. ...
81 am pleased to commend the plan
for the congresses of youth to be held
in the state next month for the pur-
pose of informing boys between the
ages of IL and 10 years regarding the
history-making events and movements
which are transpiring today, with a
view to better fitting them for the du-
ties and responsibilities of citizenship.
Twenty Citizens to Have Charge
81 have requested twenty well-known
citizens of the state to serve on the
executive committee in charge of the
congresses, with Charles E. Peabody,
of Seattle, as chairman.
"The congresses probably will be
held on the Moran school grounds on
cambridge Island, and the attendance
at each one will be limited to $50 boys.
The first congress will be held August
1 to and will be for boys from 16 to
10 years of age. The second congress
will be held August to Is, for boys
from IL to Is years of age.
Strong Influence for Good
81 feel that the assembling together
of this number of boys from different
parts of the state for a study Of what
is within their understanding of the
problems which the nation is confront
ing today will be productive of good
results. It will aid in bringing to these
boys a realization of the seriousness
of the present situation and of their
duty to help in every possible way to
relieve and better conditions. The boys
who attend, in turn, will have strong
influence upon their companions, and
the tendency will be for the exertion
of strong influence for good among
the youth of the state.
Will Not Hasten Military
Participation
cit is earnestly to be hoped that
these boys will not have to go to the
before peace is finally achiev-
ed, but if they do they will better un-
derstand why they are going and what
they are called upon to do. In any
event their attendance will surely help
to make them more manly and better
citizens as they approach maturity.
It will also assist them in better un-
and realizing the ways in
which they can be Of most service now
TO their state and the nation.
"The congress plan deserves the
consideration of parents
and others who are interested in the
growing boys"
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19

Wednesday, July 25th-
Dark.
E&Ekh
Thursday, July Goth
Marguerite Clark in her great Sta.
success and her greatest succes.
pictures, "Snow White" a fairy a.,
pleasing alike to old and young. n
sure and let the children see il.
Orchestra music.
s&EkE
Coming soon
William Farnum in "The Bondman.
Clara Williams in 'Threc of Manu-
Fatty Arbuckle in "The Butcbe,
Boy"
Vivian Martin in "The Wax Modelp
Dorothy Dalton in "Gamble IN
Souls"
Pendleton 1916 Roundup.
Mary Pickford in "The Poor Little
Rich Girl"
Douglas Fairbanks in "The Matri.
maniac"
. Alice Joyce in "Womanhood, the
Glory Of a Nation"
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
Elv Killers.

One Recommendation Of the depart
ment Of agriculture for getting rid Of
flies is powdered hellebore. This when
sprinkled on the manure heaps in which
the flies lay their eggs destroys the
larvae and does not in any way spoil
the manure.
The Journal of the American Medical
Association says the hygienic labora-
tory of the public health service has
found in salicylic acid an eminently
satisfactory agent for killing adult
flies This, it says. is not an objec-
tionable substance to handle. and there
is little danger Of toxic effects from ac-
cidental consumption Of considerable
doses Of it. A I per cent solution OF
salicylic acid should be sweetened and
left in shallow saucers where dies Will
easily find it.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
PRINCESS PROGRAM

Saturday, July 21st-
William Farnum in a soul gripping
drama of the great out doors, "The
Man from Bitter Roots"
Also Hank Mann in two-reel Fox
film comedy, "Chased into Love-" full
of pep, perils and fun.
Orchestra music.
ss.**
Sunday, July 22nd-
Dorothy Dalton in "The Female Of
the Species" Thos. II. Ince produc-
ton in five reels.
d. Also Pathe News Weekly and or
chestra music.
Monday, July 23rd-
. Dark.
Tuesday July oath
Marie Doro in "Lost and Won"
Also a late Pathe Weekly.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
CIVIL SERVICE JOBS OPEN
Thousands of Clerks Needed in Inter-
nal Revenue Department

The United States civil service COM
mission announces that an examina-
ton for clerk will be held in the states
of Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washing
ton and Wyoming on August a, for the
purpose of establishing eligible reg
listers from which appointments may
be made to different branches of the
government service. Attention is IN
vited to the fact that Secretary of the
Treasury has recently advised the civil
service commission that thousand
first-grade clerks will be needed for
the internal revenue service about
September 1, 1917. This examination
is open to men and women. -.
As sufficient stenographers and type
writer's have not been secured from re-
cent examinations to meet the needs
of the service the civil service commits
sion announces that an examination
for stcnographer and typewriter and
for typewriter only will be held Aug.
at 40 of the principal cities in the
Pacific Northwest. There are excellent
opportunities for the appointment of
women stenographers willing to ac-
cept 5000 to $1,000 per annum. Prac-
tically all male typewriters who pass
the examination will receive appoint
ment. Typewriters who do not have
a knowledge of stenography have good
chances of appointment. Apply to
Herbert F. Ward, district secretary,
BOB Post Office building, Seattle, Wash
ington, for applications and full in
formation. t.ss
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
ALGERIA A NEW FRANCE.
Result of q Century of Work Against
African Savagery.


African Savagery. ..
After vast expenditure in lives and
treasure France is beginning to reap
its reward from the conquest of Al
geria. A hundred years ago the north
ern African country was the abode Of
barbarism, and piracy was the princi-
pal occupation Of it's people. The Unit
ed States was the first nation to revolt
against the payment Of tribute to the
dey of Algiers for protection" to COM
merce, and after brief but thrilling
conflict the buccaneer chieftain was
brought to his knees.
In 1927 the French took up the white
mans burden in Algiers and after a
struggle Of thirty years subdued the
country. Under the monarchy and the
second empire the government of AL
geria was based solely on force, but the
republic won the allegiance Of the AL
gerians by withdrawing the military
government from all the settled por-
lions of the country, which have since
been treated very much rs if they were
q part of France, each department
sending one senator and two deputies
to the French chambers. Algerians,
save for few Of the tribesmen in the,
remote interior, are now loyal French-
men, regardless Of color, race or re-
ligion. Algeria also supplies vast guam
titles of foodstuffs and metals to
France.-New York World.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
AT A CHINESE INN.
The Scene In the Interior of the One
Roomed Mud Hut.

Roomed Mud Hut.
The building was long, one stored
mud hut, with matched roof. We en-
tered. Behold what the frontiersman
had created! The long room was the
scene Of homely industry. From the
center rafter hung big Oil lamp, she'd
ding its rays over patriarchal family
as busy as hive of bees. BY the clay
stove sat the grandfather feeding the
fire with twigs and tending brood Of
children playing on dirt floor packed
hard, swept clean. From one corner
came the merry whir of grinding mill
stones as a blindfolded donkey walked
round and round, while a woman ia
red with a wonderful headdress gath
cred up the heaps Of yellow cornmeal
that oozed from the gray stones. More
women in red threw the bright meal
high in the air, winnowing it Of its
chaff; others leaned over clay mortars,
pounding condiments with stone pes
ties. -.
Men were hurrying here and there
with firewood, cooking for the travel
ers. One end of the room was reserved
for these wayfarers, but the k'ang at
the other end was divided into Sec
lions. From each rafter over each Sec
ton swung quaint little cradles. In
each cradle was little brown baby,
each baby tended by larger child.
Far away from the loud clamor Of the
western world we fell asleep in a clean
inner room, to the soft sound of swing
ing cradles and grinding millstones.-
Atlantic Monthly. -.<
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
Pirate. and Steamships.

It was the advent Of the steamship
that finally gave the pirates their death
blow in Malaga. Every schoOlbOy
ought to know the story Of the first
steamer off Borneo. Some pirate ships
saw steamer in the distance and, OBJ
serving the smoke from its tunnels,
thought the ship was on fire and there
fore helpless. They gave chase, but
they were amazed to see the strange
sea beast come up steadily against the
wind and vomit fire from its guns. It
was generally agreed in polite pirate
circles that the white man had played
a mean trick upon a successful and
honorable body of traders.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
Safe.

Miss Fortyodd awoke in the middle
Of the night to find burglar ransack-
ing her effects. Miss Fortyodd did not
scream, for she prided herself, among
other things, upon her courage.
Pointing to the door with dramatic
gesture, she exclaimed:
leave me at once!' .#
The burglar politely retreated step
and said, II had no intention of taking
you."-New York Times.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
State Of Ohio. City Of Toledo.

State Of Ohio. City Of Toledo.
Lucas County. IS.
Frank ]. Cheney makes oath that he
Is senior partner Of the firm Of F. J.
Cheney & Co., doing business in the City
Of Toledo, County and State aforesaid,
and that said firm will pay the sum Of
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for each
and every case OF Catarrh that cannot be
cured by the use Of HALLS CATARRH
MEDICINE. FRANK ]. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed In
my presence, this 9Th day of December,
Il. d. 1856. A. w. GLEASON. s-s- 81
(SeaD .-,. r.. Notary Public.
Halls ICatarrh Medicine is taken in
fernally and acts through the Blood on
the Mucous Surfaces of the System. Send
Tor testimonials. free. .,
FL. CHENEY & CO., Toledo. O.
Sold by all druggists. 75c.
Halls Family Pills for constipation.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
Ear of the Whale.

The orifice of the whales ear II
scarcely perceptible. yet 1t Is said that
the whales hearing Is SO acute that
ship crossing its track half mile dis
tant will cause it to dive instantly.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19
Relief.

"What's your opinion about votes for
women?"
"It's great proposition" replied Mr..
Meekton. 1T has smashed all the argu-
ments Henrietta used to give me about
the precious hours I spent talking poll
Star.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1917-07-19

Professor-Now. what was the cause
of the decline of the Roman empire?
Bright STUDENT know. 1t was due
to too much militarism on the part of
outsiders. #e- ~
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
A FLORIDA WOMAN TRLIA
HER EXPERIENCE.

Fl. Myers, Fia.-"Your Golden Med
ical Discovery and 'Favorite Prescrip-
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
VESSELS IN PORT.


Rudolf Blumberg, Ger, for har-
Dor.
Vogesen, Ger, for harbor.
Lucia, Aust, for harbor.
Banks.
Lynton, Rus, 1924, Ekblom, Bor-
deauX, to Quina Export Co.
Anna Alwina, Rus, 321, Grewe, Sc
vile, to Master.
Schooners.
Magnus MOson, Am, 1926, Will
liars, Mobile to Pensacola Lumber &
Timber Co.
A. B. Sherman, Am. $40. Grace, La
mertin, to master.
Maria Louisa, Grk, 436, Laptos,
Cienfeugos, to Eitzen & Touart.
Joseph P. Cooper, 288, Beauchamp,
Mobile, to Stearns Lumber Co.
Abbie c. Stubs, 295, Mclean,
Pointe-a-Pitre, to Stearns Lumber
Company.
Kcnwood, Am. 1917, Allen, Mobile,
to Stearns Lumber Co.
Kursemneks, Rus, 244, -, Lisbon,
to order.
Edna V. Pickles, Br, 1888, Bodden,
Havana to Master.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
DEATH OF MRS.
\. |. WHITE

Mrs. Howard L. White passed away
at three o'clock on Thursday morn
ing, after a months illness, death be-
ing due to a relapse from grippe
The funeral will take place from the
family residence, AL North Hayne
street, this afternoon at $50 o'clock,
with interment in St. Johns ceme-
terry, the Rev. D. P. Slaughter con-
Quoting the funeral services.
Mrs. White is survived by four
daughters and three sons: Mrs. A. II.
Runyan, of Bay Point; Mrs. H. Nc
Donald, of Memphis, Tenn; Mrs. ].
K. Quarles and Miss Ada White, and
Messrs. Howard and Raymond White,
of Pensacola, and Mr.. Arthur White,
of Memphis.
Besides the immediate members OF
the family who have arrived for the
funeral are Chaplain w. G. lsaacs
U. S. NJ, Mrs. Mary Williams anc
Miss Ada Isaacs, of Brooklyn, N. Y
| brothers and sisters of Mrs. White
who was Miss Lydia Isaacs, of War
rington. Another sister is Mrs. Clara
Rowland, of Pensacola.
The following will act as pallbear'
ers: W. A. Bell, C. B. Langford
! Charles Perry, G. c. Hallmark, L. W
Williams and G. R. Winkins.
Mrs. White, who was sixty-tw'
years of age, was woman of rarel!
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
ADJUSTMENTS
Gail Kane in "The Red Woman" To-
day at Bonita.

UdII Name III lie heQ w OHIdn ~
day at Bonita.
When the society girl thought that
the man she had picked out for her
husband had been disinherited in his
fathers will, she broke her engage
ment. But when she found, later,
that the young man had really come
into his fortune-then, she tried to
get him back. She even made trip
to New Mexico for that express pur-
pose and there she found that the
young man had fallen in love with a
beautiful young Indian maiden. When
the Indian maiden was told by the
society girl of her engagement, the
Indian girl told the man to go back
east. But the man finally returned
and was happily married to the girl
of his choice in old Mexico. This con-
veys a part of the story of "The Red
Woman" the newest World Picture
Brady-Made which will be shown by
the Bonita theater today, with Miss
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
Gail Kane in the stellar part, assisted
by a particularly able cast.

Gail Kane in the stellar part, assisted
by a particularly able cast.
''The Mysterious Mrs. M" Today.
Mrs. Musselwhite was the best for
tame teller in New York. She was
what slang experts call "sure fire"
To Raymond Van Seer she proved it
when she told him he would meet with
an accident and, on the day predicted,
he fell and broke his arm. Then she
died on the day she said she would,
but not until she had predicted the
day and date on which Van Seer
should pass away. Filled with album
dant proof that Mrs. Musselwhite's
prophecies were unfailing, Van Seer
found himself suddenly involved in a
love affair with the prettiest girl he
ever set his eyes upon-and the rest
of the story must, for the present, re-
main untold. "The Mysterious Mrs.
NJ" ~ the title of the Bluebird photo
play to be exhibited at the Isis thea
ter today, when Mary MacLaren. Har
rison Ford, and Lois Weber's splendid
NOiIl lJc4LiN VI oSlCClI oJs1l " HI Oll1OlNt
the complete details and cap the whole
with a surprise finish to polish off
a delightful entertainment
Marie DorO in Castles for Two"
Some interesting facts about Marie
Doro:
1. Always a great favorite, Marie
Doro has become tremendously pop
ular ever since "Oliver Twist" in
which she created such a furore. IN
Castles for Two" at the Isis tomor-
row, she plays an unusually charming
and piuuant role.
2. Elliott Dexter, H. B. Carpenter
and Billy Elmer are among the sup
porting cast.
3. Picture introduces a new factor
in screen dramatic COW.
4. The picturesqueness and quaint
ness of Ireland form the setting fol
a great deal of the action of this
picture.
8. Marie Doro, one Of the most
beautiful stars on the screen, wears
many exquisite gowns in this picture
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09

very thin and pale, and grew weak and
hstless, with very little ambition to be
about the house. | was told by physi-
clan that the arrangement of my nervous
system was the cause of the dyspepsia.
Recently took the 'Favorite Pre-.
scription' alone and it relieved my nerv-
GUS condition and apprehension and pre-
pared me for the trying ordeal of mother
hood, relieving me of its many distressing
features. I hope other women lookinG
forward to motherhood may profit by
my testimony, not only to give them COM
fort but to strengthen them for the nursing
period. Mas. I. M. PELL1CER, #
Myers, Fla
DR.. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery
helps the stomach digest the food and
manufacture nourishing blood. 1t has
tonic effect and soon enables the stomach
and heart to perform their functions Ii d
natural, healthy manner, without any
outside aid
Contains neither alcohol nor narcotics.
Its ingredients are made public and
printed on wrapper. It's a pure altera-
tive extract made with glyceEine from
native roots and herbs.
Sold by medicine dealers In liquid or
tablet form, or send so cents to DR..
Perce's Invalids' Hotel, Buffalo, N. Y,
FOR trial box of tablets.
DR.. Perce's Pleasant Pellets are the
original little Liver Pills. These tiny,
ugar-coated, anti-biious Tanules-the
mallest and the easiest to take.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
Influenza OrLaGriDDe

II Is quite refreshing these days to read OF
Q clearly defined treatment for Influenza or
La Grippe. In an article in the Lancet
Clinic" DR.. James Bell of New York City
says he is convinced that too much medf-
cation Is both unnecessary and Injurious
When called to case of la grippe, the
patient Is usually seen when the fever is
present, as the chill which occasionally
ushers In the disease, has practically pass
ed away. DIR. Bell then orders that the
bowels be openedfreely with salts, or citrate
OF magnesia. For the high fever, severe
headache pain and general soreness, one
antt-kamnta tablet every three hours is
quickly followed by complete relief Ask for
AK Tablets. They are also unexcelled for
headache, neuralgia and all pains.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
EXCEPTIONS To
LIBEL IS FILED

Exceptions to the claimants an
swer in the case of Carl Stratus, Al
fred Auster, and Carl ASST VS.. the
Russian Barkentine Anna Alvina,
libel for wages, were filed in the
federal court yesterday by attorneys
for the libellants.
The exceptions aliege that the an
swer is vague and indefinite and do
not reply to the points made in the
libel.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
SUBMARINES WORK
BUsILY IN HARBOR

Submarines maneuvering in Pensa-
cola harbor attracted much attention
from many along the waterfront yes
terday. Four to six of the undersea
boats were maneuvering.
The destroyer Marlborough was at
anchor in the central part of the har-
Dor yesterday, coming into port from
the gulf or from the navy yard an
chorage.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09

sweet and gentle nature, expressing
in her consecrated Christian character
and her beautiful home life the rich
gifts of the heart and mind which
were hers, and which were known best
to those who were closest to her, but
the influence of which reached out
and made better and happier many
lives
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
Smack ArioIa F1oated.

The smack Ariola, of the Warren
Company's fleet, which ran on the
beach while en- route to the snapper
banks, was hauled to deep water by
the tug Nellie and yesterday, when
found to be leaking, was placed on
the Warren Company's ways for sur
vey and calking. The Ariola was
stocked and ready for voyage when
the accident happened.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
SHIPPING NEWS
Sailed.
Steamer Bylayl, for Baltimore.
WATERFRONT NOTES.

The small Russian barkentine
Roma, which went up to quarantine
Wednesday afternoon was given
pratique yesterday, and, in tow of the
steamer Nellie, came over to the city
and was assigned a loading berth.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
Druid At Dock.

The converted yacht Druid, which
had such an experience after start
ing out for Cuba, was locked at Com
mandancia wharf yesterday and the
damaged cargo will be taken from the
vessel. All the unchanged Lot will
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09
The Bylayl Departs.

The American steamship Bylayl,
which brought a cargo of manganese
ore from South America, and which
discharged the same at this point,
after being fumigated yesterday went
to sea, bound for Baltimore. The yes
sci left her dock about o'clock.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-03-09

ton are my mothers
remedies for numerous
ills, and as tonics and
nerve medicines. In
my own experiences
with both, they Ger.
tainly were ali that
was needed to bring
about what was de
sired. | was suffering
from indigestion, SC
much en- Ga IN hanos1as