davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-09-14
First Use of Machine Guns.

BY August, 1913, much progress had
been accomplished. Aeroplanes were then
used seriously by all the ARMIES for re-
connoissance and artillery observation.
Night flying had been developed. There
were many bombing raids, both by night
and day, and whereas in the year previous
the aeroplanes only weapon was the
pilots revolver, now all the machines
were mounted with machine guns The
French. during the month, felled nine
German machines and damaged two 9TH
ers in aerial combats. The Germans
claimed to have felled four French
planes.
BY August, 1916. aviation had become
absolutely Indispensable to modern war
fare While year previous fffty-two
machines were needed to drop $50 bombs,
four machines alone could now drop 160
The French dropped more than 1000
bombs during the month on German rail-
way stations. camps. conveys and fac
tories. Aviators by tens and by hundreds
began to win fame flying in all kinds
Of weather, photographing enemy posi-
tions, swooping low over trenches dur
ing attacks to observe infantry progress.
regulating artillery fire, bombarding and
enga aging in air duels. Daily the French
made more than sixty fighting flights
and more than fifty regulation flights
On some days they made two or three
times as many. The central powers
claimed to have fe}led seventy-four enc
my machines. The allies felled ninety
four aeroplanes. disabled sixty-nine
others and brought down ten balloons.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
TO RESTORE STATE TROOPS
Gov. Graham Assured at Conference
Vermont Men Will Resume
Identity.

Montpelier. Oct. 29.--Gov n. +. Graham
will return Tuesday morning from WASH
hgton. DC, where he has been attending
a conference relative to military and fuel
matters. One of the most important facts
that developed from the conference with
Secretary Baker was that the State troops
will BIC restored to their identity after the
close of the war. matter which the
governors have been unable to learn until
the conference took place. That is, of
course. the intention of the present ad-
ministration.
Another fact. which Is of considerable
interest to the Vermonters. who have won-
dered what was to become of the regiment
at Westfield, was settled when Secretary
Baker informed Governor Graham that the
organization is to be sent to France and
that 1t soon would be moved from West
field, but this movement of the depleted
organization to France does not mean
exclusively the Vermont regiment, for the
application applies to all National Guard
organizations from which the detachments
were taken. Whether the troops will be
moved directly from Westfeld to France
was not announced.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
URGES
FOOD CONSERVATION
Asks Every Home and Public
Eating Place to Aid Ad.
ministratiOn.
ISSUES STATEMENT.
1--WE Cannot Accomplish Our Object in
This Great war without Sacrifice
and Devotion" He says.

Washington, Oct. 2s.-President Wilson
In a statement issued to-day urged every
home and public eating place in the
United States to pledge It's support to the
food administration and to comply with
It's requests. His appeal marked the in
auguration of family enrolment week,
during which everybody In the country
will be asked to become member OF the
food administration in order to assure
nationwide cooperation in food con-
servation.
The President said that in no other
way than through this cooperation OF the
people can the nation accomplish It's
object In the war. The statement follows:
1.-THE chief part of the burden of finding
food supplies for the peoples associated
with US in war falls for the present upon
the American people, and the drain upon
supplies on such scale necessarily al
fects the prices of our necessaries Of
life.
"Our country, however is blessed with
an abundance of foodstuffs. and IL our
people will economize in their use of food.
providently combining themselves to the
quantities required for the maintenance
| of health and strength: If they will
eliminate waste: and If they will make
| use of those commodities of which we
have a surplus and thus free for export
| a larger proportion of those required by
the world now dependent upon us, we
shall not only be able to accomplish our
obligations to them, but we shall obtain
and establish reasonable prices at home.
To provide an adequate supply Of food.
| both for our own soldiers on the other
side Of the seas and for the civil popula-
| lions and the armies Of the allies is one
of our first and foremost obligations; for
IL we are to maintain their constancy In
this struggle for the independence of all
nations we must first maintain their
health and strength. The solution of our
food problems, therefore. is dependent
upon the individual service of every man,
woman and child in the United States.
The great voluntary effort in this direc-
ton under my direction offers an oppor-
tunity of service in the war which is open
to every individual. and by which every
individual may serve both his own peo-
pie and the peoples of the world.
I'VE cannot accomplish our objects in
this great war without sacrifice and devo-
ton, and in no direction can that sacrifice
and devotion be shown more than by each
home and public eating place in the coun.
try pledging its support to the food ad.
ministration and complying with its re.
quests.
(signed) WOODROW WILSON"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
RULES FOR XMAS GIFTS
TO SOLDIERS IN FRANCE
Must be Sent to HOb0kcn, n. j., under
Prescribed Regulations.

Washington. Oct. 26.-The war depart
ment made public to-day rules govern
ing the handling by mail and express of
Christmas presents for members of the
American expeditionary forces In France.
y general officer of the army will be sta
toned at Hoboken, n. j. as forwarding
agent and will pass judgment and arrange
for the delivery Of the packages in CO.
operation with the postmaster and ex-
pres, company officials in New York city.
The rules provide that all parcels post
packages must be under seven pounds
and be inclosed in wooden boxes; that
express packages also boxed do not ex-
coed 20 pounds in weight and that the
covering of such boxes be fitted to
facilitate inspection. Food products must
be in cans or glass Jars.
Mail and express packages should be
addressed as now prescribed by postal
regulations and plainly marked Christ
mas box" They should be sent to pier
one, Hoboken. n. ].
Every package before shipment will be
searched for explosives or other danger
Gus matter. The regulations require that
the contents of each box be clearly stated
on the outside.
The war department order provides that
none will be forwarded which reach
Hoboken after midnight December 4th
The name and address of the sender must
be stated on the outside Of each box.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
BRAZIL ENTERS WAR
AGAINST GERMANY
Congress by almost Unanimous
Vote Declares State of
War Exists.
TEUTONS' 18TH ENEMY.
Destroyers Arc Immediately Ordered TO
Balm to Capture the German
Gunboat Eber.

Rio Janeiro, Oct. 26.-The Chamber of
Deputies to-day by an almost unanimous
vote declared that a state Of war existed
between Germany and Brazil. The vote
was 149 to L.
The trbunes of the chamber were filled
to capacity. After a debate on the OPP
portuneness of proclaiming martial law,
the president of the diplomatic commits
sion spoke in favor of a law worded as
follows:
"A state of war between Brazil and
Germany Is hereby acknowledged and pro-
claimed. The president of the republic is
authorized to adopt the measures
enunciated in his message Of the 18th of
October and to take all steps tending to
insure national defence and public Sc
curity."
The virtually unanimous vote of the
deputies was received with general
| reclamation.
President Braz has sanctioned the proc
lamation of IA state of war with Ger
many.
The Senate unanimously approved the
proclamation of a state of war with Ger
many.
According to the newspapers torpedo
boat destroyers have received orders to
proceed to Bahia and take possession of
the German gunboat Eber, which has
| been lying there for some time. The
Eber is vessel Of 9S4 tons. She is 203
feet long and has draught of nine feet
| eight inches. She has complement OF
1875 men.
Brazil is the 18th country to enter the
war against Germany.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
PAY SENT TO CONSIGNEES.
Sum OF s4O.311.72 Was Due Vermont
Soldiers for August and September.

Montpelier, Oct Estate pay has been
sent to all Of the consignees Of the Ver-
mont soldiers who are in France and at
various camps in this country. the last Of
them having been paid the first of this
week. This is for months Of August and
September. amounting to $40.3l1.72 The
delay in paying the soldiers was due to
the transfers which took place after the
troops left Vermont and to the fact that
the soldiers did not consign their pay. so
that finally the representatives of the
treasurer had to go to Camp Bartlett to
get the data, which delayed the payment.
The month of October State pay will
be forwarded as soon as the discharges
and casualty reports arrive at the State
treasurer's office. There are few SOL
diers who did not assign their pay and
some delay will take place in the payment
Of these.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
May Meet in P0stOffice.

Montpelier. Oct. 30.-If arrangements car
he completed with the federal government
the supreme court will be held in the
court room In the postoffice in the federal
building. The matter was taken up with
Postmaster B. f. Bailey this morning. He
will have to take It up with the federal
government and it is doubtful II a reply
will be received before court next Tues
day. The criminal cases in Washington
county court commence then and unless
the federal court room can be obtained 10
will be necessary to send the jury home
again while supreme court is in session. as
was done once before in this session OF
county court. The new court room In the
State building will not be ready for use
for some weeks yet.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
STATE TEACHERS
OPEN CONVENTION
sSth Annual Gathering Being
Held at st. Albans-Regis-
tratiOn Large.

st. Adams. Oct. 25.-The 6Sth annual
convention of the Vermont State Teach
ers' association opened at the city hall
this afternoon at two o'clock. The seS-
sion was given over to addresses and a
commercial conference with a typewrting
demonstration and typewriter contests.
The annual business meeting of the YER
mont Teachers Retirement Fund asso-
citation. which was scheduled for this
afternoon. was postponed. This evening
a concert was given at the city hall
by the Albert Sand quintet from the
Boston symphony orchestra.
About $50 teachers and other visitors
are already in the city and the regis
ration is much larger than that number.
The afternoon meeting opened with
selections by n stringed orchestra under
the direction of Fl. f. Olsen. This was
followed by the invocation by the Rev.
:. w. Anthony. pastor of the First Con-
gregational Church. Mayor John r.
Maun gave the address of welcome and
Principal \. $. Hartman of Middlebury,
president of the Teachers association,
made the response and gave an address
on The American Teachers Part in the
World War" The other speakers were
the Rev Fraser Metzger of Randolph
who spoke in place of Gov. Horace F
Graham of Craftsbury. who has been
called to Washington to attend an i'm
portant conference: the Hon. James Hart
hess of Springfield, of the State board
of education. and food administrator fol
the State; and Prof. George p. Burns OF
the University of Vermont. who appeared
as the representative of the Hon. Herbert
Hoover, and spoke on Food Conserva'
ton"
Mr.. Metzger. who for the past siS
months has directed the food production
and conservation in Vermont for the
committee of public safety gave re-
sumo of the work done by the teachers
and superintendents. Mr.. Hardness ir
his talk on the food administration took
occasion to give some advice to the
school children.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
FAREWELL TO ]. n. BARSS
Retiring Superintendent Of state Indus.
trial school HonOred by OMcerS
and Children.

NergenneS, Oct G.-The chapel OF tne
vsrr,ont JpdustriaI school. the scene of
- ,,.n,r..,or., .erv.
many interesting al" ''''.
ices under the superintendency Oh Mr.
Barss. saw his 10 years OF service 10 YER
mont come to close In the most inspiring
meeting since its opening iast evening"
The Rev. DR.. Dawson OF buriingtoh'
close friend OF Mr.. Barss received per"'s-
sion to conduct the evening service accoro-
ing to his own plans. Accoroihely' .he
outcome was a complete surprise 70 MT.
Barss. who was almost overwhelmeo oy
the expressions of love and appreciation
from not alone the omcers ana cni,uren
of the school, but also from town iriehos
attending the service.
After the usual song service winch al
ways has such an enect on those nearing
it whether for the first time or AFTER many
times. DIR. Barnes OF the University ol
Vermont led in prayer. closing oy tne
Lords prayer. said in unison. Theh tonew,
ed many tokens OF appreciation OF MT. ano
Mrs Barss's unceasing work. not ohiy !"
the school ITSELF but especially IN inc case
Of Mr.. Barss.
Among those who expressed tneir ieei.
ings for the retiring superintendent anu
his wife were the Rev. William Laugnton'
pastor of the Vergennes baptist Cnurch'
and Mrs. Laughton. and c. T. 5. Pierce'
commander Of the G. A. r.. tor the STATE
of Vermont and Mr.. Wheeler' eoitor Oh
the Enterprise and Vermonter.
The following pupils OF the scnooi were
chosen by their cottage mates to repre-
sent them in presenting their appreciation
of Mr. and Mrs. Barss Myrtle st. Peter
and Alila Carpenter. for Andrews Cot
tage; Jessie HENDERSON and Aida Foun-
tain, for Proctor Cottage: Bernard Sey-
mour for "B" Cottage: Clyde Brudnene
for &C.; William Kemp for ingalls,, ana
| Richard Goodhue for Fairbanks.
Among the officers taking part in the
service were Mrs. Nye. Mrs. Smith, Mr..
Ames. Mr.. Bissonette, Mr.. Alger. Mr..
| McAllister, Mr.. Boomhauer. Mr.. Mandigo
and Mr.. Lawrence Some of these have
| known Mr., Barss during his ten years OF
| service. others have been with him for
periods varying In length from one yeal
| 10 eight years. but all witnessed to his
unfailinp courtesy and consideration as
we'll as to his efficient management OF
affairs. 1t was the unanimous opinion
that Vermont's loss is Canada's gain.
During the course of the evening DR.
Dawson introduced as the acting super
intendent until the arrival of the new
head of the school. Mr.. Grearson. wht
HAS been at the school as a cottage mas
ter for Ave wears and has acted in tn,
capacity of assistant superintendent To-
half of that time.
At the close of the meeting Mr. Barss
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
WILSON ENDORSES
WOMAN SUFFRAGE
1t Is an Immediate Issue in Ev.
cry State, He Tells N. Y.
Delegation.
PLEDGES HEARTY SUPPORT
Repeats That fife Believes II Ii n Cues.
ton for the states Rather Than
4 National Issue.

Washington. Oct. 25.-President Wilson
to-day gave full endorsement to woman
suffrage as an immediate issue in every
State.
Addressing delegation of 100 leaders
OF the New York State woman suffrage
party who called at the White House tc
OBTAIN an expression in support of the
campaign in that State the President
in emphatic terms declared that woman
suffrage is one of the fundamental ques-
tons of democracy whose proper settle
ment is demanded by the issues of the
war. He praised the spirit, capacity and
vision of American women in the war.
II believe" he said, that Just because
we are quickened by the questions Of this
war we ought to be quckened to give
this question of woman suffrage our
immediate consideration
QUESTION FOR STATES
Speaking as "one of the spokesman Of
a great party" the President pledged his
hearty support and added:
II want to speak for myself and say
that It seems to me that this is the time
for the States of this Union, to take this
action" Explaining his leaning toward
suffrage as State rather than a national
issue he said: II perhaps may be touched
little too much by the traditions Of our
politics-traditions which lay such ques-
lions almost entirely upon the States. but
want to see communities declare them
selves quickened at this time and show
the consequences of the quickening
The address was delivered in the east
room of the White House, in response to
remarks by Mrs. Norman De r. White
house.
SUFFRAGISTS CONFIDENT.
The suffrage delegation returned to New
York tonight confident that the Presi-
dents enthusiastic endorsement would
| have it's effect at the election November 6.
Special significance was placed by many
| Of the New York delegation on the fact
that the Presidents advocacy of suffrage
had not been affected by the tactics of
| militant suffragists OF the Woman's
party. The recent defeat Of suffrage in
Maine was ascribed to by some workers
| as due to unfavorable impression created
| by the so-called pickets.
| officials of the National American
Woman Suffrage association declared to-
night their future plans will be deter
mined largely by the New York results.
II suffrage carries. he said suffrage cam
paigns would be started within the next
year in many States. If New York and
| Ohio. where there also is to be a vote
| next month defeat suffrage, efforts may
be conferred on the federal amendment,
pending before Congress. A program will
| be determined at the convention here De-
cember Il.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
KANSAS FARMERS PROTEST.

Topeka. Kans.. Oct. 29.-Declaring that
$5O0OO.0O0 was taken out Of the pockets of
the Kansas farmers in twenty-four hours
when the government fixed the price of
the 1917 wheat crop. Governor Capper In a
letter to Food Administrator Hoover made
public to-day declares that THE sacrifice
apparently has been made In vain because
the millers, the bakers, and the retailers
have not reduced their prices accordingly
and they show no disposition to reduce
them.
'"The farmer" the letter continues, who
still Is paying az much or more for his
-four and everything he buys, is losing
confidence In the power OF the govern
ment to enforce a square deal"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
STORM DOES $4,000
DAMAGE IN BRATTLEBORO

Brattleboro. Oct. 30.-Damage exceeding
5000 was caused to-day by a rainstorm
which. Street Commissioner A. A. Wal.
lace says. was the worst ne ever knew.
In a short time three inches of rain fell
accompanied by high wind that uprot'
ted numerous trees. Falling leaves clog
ged the surface drainage pipes and on
Main street for a long stretch the water
was knee deep. Tone Of earth were
washed on to the railroad tracks. delay.
ing trains. Telephone wires became
tangled and the street car and electric
power service was temporarily crippled.
Three plate glass windows in Attorney.
General II. G. Barber's new building
were blown out and smashed. Some
stocks of goods in stores were damaged
and several retaining walls were washed
out.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
NOT AN "EXcEssIvE" AMOUNT.

Washington. Oct. 2s.-In statement to-
day regarding the recent finding of a large
amount of sugar in Buffalo warehouse
the food administration said it was nor
NAL supply for condensed milk concerns.
The amount, reported nrst at $50 carloads,
proved on official INVESTIGATION to be g.
carloads. which the administration said
sis not considered excessive for keeping
IN operation several large condensed milk
manufacturing plants near Buffalo"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
HIGH WATER
IN MONTPELIER
Cellars of Merchants Damaged
North Branch OverflOws
Banks-Dam Breaks.

Montpelier Oct. 30.-Continued rain for
"a hours placed the store Easements in
danger of high water about four o'clock
Tuesday afternoon and the pumping equip
ment Of the Langdon estate was started.
which is the signal of Montpelier that high
water must be watched.
In the middle of the forenoon persons
began to watch the rise Of water and dur
ing early afternoon it became clear that
unless a sudden change to cold weather
took place the water would be in the
cellars of the merchants 1t commenced
to get colder about four, but it was not
soon enough. and the pumping station of
the Langdon estate had been put in
operation pumping water out of the base
ment of block number two, as it is known.
About noon clerks and merchants
who have poultry in the section Of the
city known as the Meadow, on the road
towards Worcester. were called home to
remove their hens and chickens from the
vicinity of the North Branch. which was
overlooking at this time. Claude Fisher
did not get home in time and lost three
hens. Others moved their poultry to
higher ground.
The North Branch left it's banks about
The Winooski river did not get high
enough to do any damage in the after
noon. 1t is the first time in many years
that high water has been experienced
| at this season. but many of the older
| citizens recall the flood of 1869. which
occurred about the middle Of October.
| The Jewett dam at Wrightsville gave
| away about two o'clock in the afternoon
This is for the most part, of cement
| although some wood was used. The
damage will be about 5000. The Mont.
pelier Turning works will be put out OF
business until other power can be obtain.
ed. The dam had just been completed
after damages done last spring. the Turn.
ing company resuming work Monday.
Rain turned to snow about Ave o'clock
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
EVIDENCE OF AMERICAS
FAITH IN ITALY
New Loan of $3.50. 100000 Is Given
S4S5,OOO, 900 Altogether.

Washington, Oct. 30-Substantial evil
dence of Americas faith in Italy in the
hour Of her trial was given at the treas
ury to-day in the form of a loan of
$3.50. 900. This brought the total Of
credits extended to Italy to $4S5. 900. 900 and
the grand total of loans to the allies to
81. 091. 100000.
With this money Italy will pay for
vast quantities of coal and other supplies
purchased here for her armies and in
dustries. To carry the supplies the ship
ping board already has agreed to turn
over % merchant ships.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
cur THIS QUILT IL WORTH
MONEY

DON'T MISS THIS. Cut out this slip
enclose with &c to Foley a Co.. 2ss5 Shelf
field Ave, Chicago. ILL.,. writing your name
and address clearly. You will receive In
return trial package containing Foley's
Honey and Tar Compound for coughs.
colds and Group; Foley Kidney Pills and
Foley Cathartic Tablets. j. W. O'Sullivan
80 Church at. ADV
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
AID FOR DEPENDENTS.
Few Claims Expected from Relatives
of the Vermont Regiment.

Montpelier, Oct 2j.-Gov. II. F. Graham.
State Treasurer w. f. Scott and Adjutant-
General l.. S. Tllotson have perfected
the system for payment of aid to de-
pendents Of soldiers. The proper blanks
have been drafted and the aid will be
given the dependents as fast as their APP
plications are received. according to the
provisions of the acts of 1917. When ap-
plications reach the committee. the blanks
will be forwarded to the applicants. after
which the investigation relative to the
payment of aid to dependents will be
made. In view of the fact that but few
married men were in the Vermont regi-
ment, there probably will be but few
claims for aid.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1917-11-01
Automobile Ditched.

Montpelier. Oct. 29.-An automobile driv-
en- by Stanley Farnham was ditched near
Dodge bridge Saturday night breaking the
front end of the car. which slid off the
newly constructed road. after meeting
another automobile. Howard Lance, who
was with him. escaped injury.