davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1917-07-21
Live Stock Quotations.

CHICAGO.--HOGS Slow, 15@2ot
lower. Mixed and butchers, $14.IOM
1915; good heavy, s14.35m 1880: rough
heavy. $l4.356' ll55; light, $1425M
$3.50; pigs, $10.75m14: bulk, $1l.706
CXHTTIE-stoady Bocves ss4o0
1890; COWS and hoiscrs, S5.4O611.9
stockors and feeders $62O09.5O;
calves. $10MS1I.7F.
SHGEP-Stendy 70 1oc higher. No
two and western. s7.S0m11.10: lambs
$10@16.50
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1917-07-21
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Boys Locked Up Ton Years,

How their mother made them pris.
oners In secluded room Of her house
for ten years to shield them from the
public gaze, was revealed in Pitts
burgh, Pa, when John Shcrensli,
feeble-mindcd. and his brother, Joe,
wore discovered following the parents
death.
Both boys were In short dresses,
John could walk and initiate animals.
Joe could neither walk nor speak.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1917-07-21

The Planet (Rlchmond, Va) will
be sent to your door for only $150
por year In advance. Subscribe now,
and get tho newsy news.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1917-07-21
Union Opens Flour Markef

Mine Workers Local No. 1900
in Mahanoy City, Pa, began the
sale Of -four to its members at s6.75
a barrel, q drop of 50 from the price
demanded by grocers.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1917-07-21
ANARCHISTS GET TWO YEARS
Emma Goldman and Beckman Are Civ

en- Maximum Penalty.
Emma Goldman and Alexander Bark
man. anarchists. were found guilty OF
conspiracy to chstruct the operation OF
the sclective draft law by jury in
the federal court In New York.
Judge Mayer imnOsoi the maximum
penalty Of two yc"rs In the federal
penitentiary and n fine of $4,000 upon
each of the prisoners.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

should be called to the colors before the
age of 81. Perhaps most radical on this
matter is Representative Kahn, of Cali
fornia, who would make the draft act
apply to those who have attained the age
of IS since May 10, and would even regis
ter youths as young as 16 or II, to be-
come eligible for the army when they
are 81.
Other changes in the draft law are sug-
gested with the view of lettering the sup
ply Of labor in this country and in France
A proposal that received the attention OF
Secretary Baker called for the organiza-
ton for service in France of body OF
coal miners. National Army men would
be permitted to volunteer, but 1t was ex-
pected that from among the $4,000 miners
drafted large force of workers could be
recruited to dig coal in France, which
needs such assistance very badly.
Again. Representative Madden, Of I'LL
nois, suggested the detailing Of all skilled
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

cergymen last Sunday. The writer re-
calls the fact that number Of German
Catholic bishops issued circular appeals
for the loans, TO be read by priests to their
congregations, and it is doubtless true that
Protestant clergymen also made appeals
from the pulpit, but the writer cannot re-
call that he heard anything Of such action.
Such were the methods by which the
Germans appealed TO the people to sub
scribe for loans to fight the greatest war
in their history. The methods strike the
American mind as inadequate, and proba-
bly, they would prove so with the Ameri-
can public; but in Germany they sufiiced,
not only in calling forth remarkably large
total subscriptions, but in bringing up the
Plumbers Of individual subscribers to un-
heard of totals. Thus, when the fourth
German war loan was subscribed in
March, 1916, not less than 5,279,645 in
dividua subscriptions were offered, and
Of these more than 100000 were for
sums less than $50. This shows that the
German financial authorities succeeded to
a remarkable degree in reaching the small
subscribers. The writer recalls the fact
that small folk, like servant girls, garden
ers, teamsters and the like, took their pct
ty boards from the savings banks and In
vested them in war bonds.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
The New Selective Draft Act

mechanics in the National Army TO war
industries without their being discharged.
Doctors, too, would be drafted, if another
suggestion were to be followed.
This change was urged on two grounds.
First, it was asserted that unless doctors
were drafted those who did not volunteer
would unjustly bear certain sort OF
stigma when by staying at home they
really were doing the best they could for
the welfare Of the nation. On the other
hand, it was pointed out that unless regu-
lation of the sending of doctors was
brought about, some districts would be
entirely without medical aid through the
enlistment Of younger or more patriotic
practitioners. The most sweeping change
proposed, however, was that recently
preached in a Washington dispatch, which
said that unless plenty Of skilled labor
was found in the next two months for
necessary industries labor as a whole
might be conscripted.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
ar loans in Germany, in France and IN England

kinds were brought In and ehsrsd. Li""
ordinary enthusiasm prevailed.
volunteer speakers did unheard OF 'ninsH
They addressed ten or twenty meetings evsy
dav' travelling miles to speak to groups OF
workers. Employers called their employs
together and spoke TO them sincerely ouy
ing large blocks OF stock, which were sp,"
M among men and women. The sspr'' %
corps. the sentiment Of national UNITY "A'
amazing"
Bonar Law further said that he was I"
from attributing the success OF the iosn
to any group Of people, and continued:
az think It was due simply TO the aimess
universal expression OF the national WILL
I were asked to give any one the credis io'
it, would give it to the people Themselves :.
All did was to furnish the opportunity ~
was the people that availed themselves OK H.
II was the individuals who lent the money
that made the loan a success.
at is impossible TO say how many tndivia-
uals participated, but it could not have oeen
less than 100000. That is one OF the mos.
satisfactory features Of the loans history
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
In France the Methods Are
/ Quite Different

Carving the review Of loan methods
into France, it is perhaps best first Of all
to note that the methods adopted there are
very little known in this country. The
French financial authorities appear to
have relied chiefly upon reaching the peo-
pie through the press. Illustrated posters
are also extensively employed, and these
often give evidence of the artistic taste
and capacity for which the French peo-
pie are noted. These are displayed in
rany public places, like postofiices, hotels,
railway stations, streetcars and, Of course,
n the banks especially. The most popular
and effective Of these posters represented
a huge French gold coin being hurled
against a German soldier, who is almost
Frustrated by the blow, while the French
cock imprinted upon the coin thrusts its
leak out to peck at him-an artistic enl-
todiment of the fighting spirit Of France.
1t is reported also that pastoral letters
from bishops were read in many dioceses
during the last loan campaign, exhorting
the faithful to subscribe. Some bishops
opened subscription Offices in their official
residences or in other religious buildings.
The government reached the broad masses
CT the people by taking subscriptions
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
machinery was very simple. We have very

machinery was very simple. We have a very
complete system Of local government in this
country, and called the local authorities to
help me. knew if ! called upon the
local authorities should have agents in every
portion Of the country, even in the remotest
village.
Then I had the war savings committees,
about a thousand Of them, numbering fifty
members each, which had been established in
all parts of the country TO encourage the
small investor to lend his money TO the state
| asked representatives Of the local
authorities and the war savings committees
to meet me at private conference at West
minister on the first day Of the loans issue
then asked them TO 90 back to their COM
munities and raise the war loan.
Having got the machinery, tried to give
it suitable atmosphere in which to work
took advice from those who knew best how
to attract the public. | called in the aid Of
the press in publicity campaign most care
fully worked out and very far reaching. The
newspapers responded splendidly. Within
week or two the whole country was talking
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
vTHE second American Liberty Loan
and tho seventh German war loan

were subscribed at almost exactly
he same time All American newspaper,
.rc announcing to-day the total subscrip-
sons TO the Liberty Loan, and last Sun
LAYS papers contained cable message
living the total Of the German loan.
The energetic campaign carried on here
% elicit subscriptions reached all classes
II the people, and it was conducted In \
ryle that was Enthusiastically Ameri-
AN. The writer Of this article, who WAS
n Germany when the first five war loans
we're raised there, has been continually
struck with the difference between Ger
nan and American methods Of promoting
hese huge war fotations. The Germans
operate so quietly that a superficial OBJ
server would hardly know that loan was
being raised; to find evidences Of it be
would have to read the newspapers or so
nto the Offices of the banks.
And what he would find in the news
oapers would differ considerably from
Bhat Americans have been reading during
he loan campaign just closed. The Ger
mans do not print from day to day the
running totals Of subscriptions, and no
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
Toward Suffrage

he learned woman's usefulness in civic
affairs when he was Mayor Of WATERFOWL.
"Woman's entrance into public life," he
said, Cannot fail to have a wholesome
effect.
an France they saved the nation. In
England and Canada they have shown
such noble qualities as to win over the
government to their cause. In Italy, their
Red Cross work has been unsurpassed,
while the now famous Russian Legion of
Death has held the whole world in awe
and admiration. In this country the
women have been found in the forefront
of personal endeavor and sacrifice"
TN ENGLAND, according to "The Lon
L don Morning Post" new party the
National Party" in process Of coming
into being, is being Joined by large num-
bers Of women. This party Is to be, as
its name implies, national in scope and
character. So many women are identified
with the new party, which is strong for
firm and decided prosecution Of the war,
ETC., that they will issue their own mani
festo; addressed TO women and signed by
women, for which many prominent names
have already been sent It.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

DRESS comment since the draft law
went into effect has from time to
- time indicated many points upon
which the selective CONSUMPTION act might
well be improved. Probably most COM
mented on and productive Of the most
complaint from drafted men was the fall
ure Of the law really to be selective, par
ticularly in the case Of men with depen
dents, workers in certain industries, and
with regard to farm labor.
| Partly to see that the family Of the
drafted man should not suffer- Congress
passed the soldiers and sailors insurance
act. But that law, in the view of the
press, was only plain justice, draft or no
draft. What was wanted was a real re-
fnement of the CONSUMPTION law that
would take for service first those men in
the community whose absence would least
upset economic relations.
AS result Draft Marshal Crowder this
week announced new ruling classifying
men eligible to service in their order of
liability in the next draft in five groups,
headed by single men without dependents.
Comment so far available on the new
proposal, which has the approval of Pres
ident Wilson, is wholly favorable. While
"The New York Sun" says that the new
ruling must await the action of Congress
before it can be enforced, this journal
thinks there is "every reason to antici-
pate that the fruit of this classification
will be more just, equable and advan-
tageous selection Of men for service, ma
terially lighter work for members of the
exemption boards, and less criticism of
the outcome of the process of drafting"
AS for the registered man, says THE
Evening Post" "he will feel that there is
a new guarantee of exact justice in the
statement that the man who can least be
spared either as the head of family or
the head of business necessary to the
defence of the nation will be the last to
co." Similarly The Tribune comments
on the labor that will be saved the boards
and the simplifcation of problems en-
countered in exemption, and believes that
1T will conserve the war efficiency of the
nation by sorting out in advance the men
who, on economical grounds, ought to be
the last TO go, because Of the character
and number of the dependents they leave
behind, and because of their usefulness in
war industries"
But many more changes in the draft act
would be made if many critics who have
recently spoken were needed. The age
limit has been, perhaps, the most debated
section Of the conscription law, aside from
that concerning the exemption of married
men. Secretary Baker. for example,
would draft men only between the ages
of 19 and 26. Mr.. Roosevelt favors reg
istration of all from 10 to 81 as a perma-
nent policy looking toward universal train
ing. Elihu Root favors the registration
Of all men between 10 and 81, but no man
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

BODY knows till few days after the sub
scription closes just how much money he's
been subscribed. Then comes a provision
Il total, which is corrected later on when
subscriptions from the soldiers at the
'front.' and from foreign countries come in.
OF course, the amounts taken by big in
iividual subscribers, like the Krupp con-
FERN and some Of the big banks and mu-
inequalities, are printed by the newspapers
rom day to day, and thus public attention
S steadily called to the fact that war
oan is in course of flotation.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
The Five Draft Glasses, as
Defined by Gen. Crowder


Single NEW dependent relatives 49, . az
children who habitualy falls to
Married
children usefuly family
this
6-UnskIled laborer
children usely but
reasonably
during his absence
married children wife herself decenty and with
3Skiled industrial
4Skid laborers agricultural
Nj foster children daily labor support.
Man invalid dependent
on
5Firemen policemen
Necessary tihcer workmen arsenals smores and
Necessary House clerk
10-Iighy specialized administrative
1l-Tencal or mechanical industrial
l2Hghy specialized
o
Assistant associate Of industrial enterprise
CLASS
dependent labor
available
S-Eeads Of industrial
Heads Of agricultural enterprises
1-omcers Of Of the United Saea
2-Regulary
3Sudens of divinity
4-Perons n military o service
5-Aiens.
Persons
sPerOn. physically, permanently O. mentally unht
9-Licensed pilots
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
From The Woman CITIZEN

(F'rOnl Inc Woman CttZen)
n ITALIAN statesmen, having been asked
to go a mile in granting new privi-
u leges to women, have gone twain.
Minister Sacchi has recently introduced a
bill to abolish marital authority-and the
Parliamentary Commission has completed
it, and added an article intended to
recognize women's right to exercise all
liberal professions and be eligible for all
posts of public employment except ju-
dicial functions, political rights, and the
military defence Of the state" The COM
mission will demand among other things,
that qualified women lawyers be allowed
to practice.
This movement has already received the
support of large number Of deputies,
who will present a resolution that II the
government passes the marital authority
abolition bill 1t may include the amend
ments put forward by the commission.
ERANCIS VI. HUGO, Secretary Of New
l. York State, is a stanch supporter Of
votes for women.
He told the women of the New York
State Woman Suffrage party, in speech
at recent mass meeting in Albany, that
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

100000 other meetings were held In the
kingdom.
The fullest information, however, as
to how this big English loan was foated
came In the form of an interview which
Bonar Law, the British Chancellor, gave
to "The New York Sun" From this it
appears that he had to meet and overcome
strong current of pessimism, just as was
the case with the American Liberty Loan.
Here is what Bonar Law said about that:
MANY bankers were exceedingly dubious,
not to say pessimistic, when | told them
had decided on little over per cent. Some
Of the greatest financial experts came to see
me and told me plainly that | was riding
for fall, so / had some reason for not being
overconfdent."
He went on to say that he gave the
people plenty of time, knowing that the
British people are slow to move.
Coming down to the methods adopted to
make the loan go, the Chancellor said:
81 organized individual effort . The
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

about tho loan, for tho combination OF ioca,
machinery and universal sentiment carried
the country with 1t.
"Nobody could take up his paper without
reading about il; nobody could 90 outdoors
IN anv town or village without having the
war loan thrust on his attention. The local.
committees we're aided by thousands OF bu-
reaus established and stated by voluntary
workers ready to explain the financial terms
70 the most ignorant. House-to-house can
vassing was carried out on an extensive
scale. In many counties not farmhouse or
n hamlet was unvisted.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
cartridges" The note Of race hatred was

cartridges" The note Of race hatred was
also heard In these appeals, public and pri-
vate. The famous evolutionist, Professo.
Haeckel, issued an appeal upon his own
account, in which he said: "Down with
England at any price"
Besides these appeals and newspaper
advertisements, readers Of the papers
often got their morning paper with a
handful inclosed urging them to subscribe.
But the chief work Of the papers was In
their editorial columns, and they KEPT
their readers informed as to the methods
of making subscriptions, the facilities Of
fered by the savings banks and other banks.
But the newspapers did not make use Of
cartoons or other pictorial appeals, for the
simple reason that the daily press Of Ger
many is so far behind the times that 1t
has not yet learned to realize the value Of
political and other cartoons; all that Is
left to the illustrated weeklies.
Illustrated posters on the streets and
elsewhere were also conspicuously absent
in the German loan campaigns; nor were
banners suspended across the streets to
catch the eye of passersby and urge them
to subscribe. Of course, parades were not
held to promote the loans, because in Ger
many street parades for such purposes are
wholly unknown.
Inside the banks placards advertising
the loans were displayed. But the text Of
these were for the most part merely of an
informative character; the patriotic mo-
tif was touched only moderately, and there
was never what we would call a ringing
appeal. The bank officials, however, did
their part In soliciting subscriptions from
their customers who came In to transact
business, calling attention, too, to the easy
terms on which payments could be effected
through the bank. The savings banks In
ell cases suspended their requirements for
giving notice at a certain period before
hand of the intended withdrawal Of de-
posts, and customers were, in fact, en-
couraged to put their entire balance into
the loans at once.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
The Appeals Are Similar to
l Those in Other Countries

The government itself takes part in the
oan propaganda by inserting big adve-.
asements in the newspapers, and particu-
arly by supplying them with articles de-
;cribing the progress Of the issue or show
ng the Importance of raising every avail
ab.e mark. Such appeals are Of much tie
:ame character as those brought out in
motif is elaborated and reappears as o
,ariation in every sentence.
Last spring the German government ad-
yertised the sixth war loan as "The an
;wer to Wilson," and in one of its appeals
his sentence occurred: Convert your
money into U-boats, into barbed wire, into
guns and shells, into machine guns and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
They Do Not Fix a Definite Sum:
/ There Are No Quotas

None Of the German loans was FOR any
specific amount; the government an
nounced that it would take all the money
offered, and people were urged to give all
they could. Hence there was no appor-
tioning of given quotas to each town ol
province. There was thus little or no az
peal to local patriotism; nobody was made
to feel that it would be shame for his
town to fall behind its quota.
The writer had an experience last Sun
day which certainly could not have been
duplicated at any time in Germany since
the war started Last Sunday a member
Ct the loan committee of the Jersey town
III which his home is located called TO So
licit a subscription; but before his call
was ended another member Of the same
committee came up the street from the
opposite direction and rang the doorbell.
The writer was duly impressed with this
effectiveness in loan campaigning methods
and surrendered at discretion. In Ger
many he never saw a member Of a loan
soliciting committee, for there were none
TO be seen in the whole empire.
Public meetings and public speechmaE-
ing to promote loans are also unknown in
Germany. The only thing approaching a
speechmaking campaign was carried on by
the clergy; but this was far less effective
than the work just done by the American
clergy. Especially was there nothing like
the concerted appeal for the Liberty Loan
made to their congregations by New York
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
through the postoffices, and not less than
100000 persons subscribed through the

100000 persons subscribed through tho
postoffices for the loan of last autumn.
When inquiry is carried to England, and
the question is put, How did England
manage to raise its loans? one encounters
for the first time methods and spirit
more nearly akin to the American. Here,
too, full information is available as to how
the thing was done. When the great loan
of last February was about to close, the
largest loan of history, with total OF
$4,000, 900 900, press dispatch from Lon
don contained this sentence: To-day prac-
tically every employer held meeting of
his working staff and explained the loan,
pointed out its necessity and offered to co
operate with them in their subscriptions
II was added that the Lord Mayor of Lon
don presided at great meeting, and that
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
Deople With Open Purses Came
From Far and Near

ave must have had between $4,000 ana
100000 active agents working day and nign.
calling upon individual citizens to DO wna'
they could to help the country by Lending
money. The response was universal REQ
ple came from the most remote parts OF the
country, bringing stores OF gold: a greae
deal Of gold and silver was brought INTO 'ne
hanks. Jewelry, medals and trinkets OF all
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

In Germany They Don't Advertise With Posters opeecneS
and Parades; the French Rely the Press; in England
Methods Are Similar to Those Employed in America