davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12

ings near the floor at the outside
walls.
The natural tendency of warm air
Is to rise to the ceiling and spread In
every direction and settle to the foo
at side walls. Impure stable air is
heavier than fresh pure air, because
the weight of impurities carries Il
down. Theoretically, the out-take from
near the floor ut the outside of stables
Is correct. Sometimes other means Of
extracting impure air are employed,
because oS local conditions. .
The principle of ventllating is based
on the tendency of warm air TO go up,
A properly constructed ventilator
works like a chimney. The warm air
from the stable rushes up through the
chimney the same as the warm air
from n fire.
The size of stable ventllators regu.
lates the amount of air to be drawn
or. The intake pipe should be large
enough 10 supply sufficient fresh mir
for all the cows or other live stock
confined in the stable, and the ventila-
tors o. out-takc pipes should conform
to the same carrying capacity.
For n stable containing 40 cows,
two ventilators will be necessary, and
these ventllators should measure two
feet square inside, figuring the move
mcnt of air in the ventilating flues Mt
800 feet per minute. Not every two
foot ventilator carries air Mt the rate
of 800 feet per minute. 1t depends on
the height of the ilue and the man.
ner In which It is constructed. Venti-
lators are like chimneys-sometimes
the draft Is strong and sometimes It is
less satisfactory,
Besides the tendency of warm air to
20 up, n movement of mir In ventila-
tors depends on the proportion of the
ventllator to the amount of air to be
carried. Also the direction of the
wind Is an influence. What is known
as aspiration or suction induced by
the wind passing over the top of a
v%cntilator has n good deal TO do with
upward draft. Mechanical ventilation
tops are manufactured TO increase as
; piratlon-
; Some of the ventllators render val
| liable assistance I'm creating artificial
: drafts or increasing natural DRAFT
through a ventllating flue. Manufac
: turers have given especial attention tC
. the building of metal ventllators from
the stable up. so that the whole sub
4 ject is receiving careful attention
8 from different sources.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12

fer large cows and they breed with
that end In view.
In building a dairy stable a dairy
nan Is governed by local conditions.
The stalls given In this plan are
plenty wide and long enough for Jer-
seys or other breeds Of cows weighing
up to 1000 pounds.
The aileyway in the center Of this
stable is built wide to drive through
with the manure spreader and for the
handling Of bedding and other litter.
The horse department is partitioned
away from the COW stable by n good
board partition that reaches to the
ceiling. The two doors opening into
the horse end of the barn are hung
with weights, so they always pull
shut. Most farmers like to have the
horses and cows entirely separate.
The ceiling over the horse depart
ment is 0 feet In height. The ceiling
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12

over the cow stable is the same level,
but the COW stable floor is built diff
ferently SO that the head room over
the feed alley is only Il little over s
feet. Eight feet of head room In n
cow stable is about right for ventila-
tion. but horsemen prefer a 9-foot
ceiling In a horse stable.
Over the stable is a good-slzed NOW
which is used for hay and bedding,
put In with a horse fork through the
large door In the end. The hay and
straw are let down through n chute
which opens into the horse stable
near the center partition to avoid
scattering dust through the cow sta
BILE.
One of the most important consider
atoms In any type Of stable is the
ventilation.
One of the hest tests for ventilation
IN stables is whether or not there is
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12

a noticeable odor when entering from
the fresh air outdoors.
The most penetrating odor Is am
monia. When animals are confined in
a well-built stable they are constantly
throwing off through the breath quar-
titles of d~evitnlized air. Experiments
have been conducted to show that a
mouse confined In n Jar that Is filed
with the breath of an animal will die.
Prof. II. ii. King showed that n COW
needs twice as much pure air by
weight as the food she consumes,
which means that a COW will breathe
$500 cubic feet of air per hour.
The problem of supplying so much
air to each COW In a crowded stable
containing 30 or 40 head Is no easy
task.
The Importance of pure air has only
recently begun to be thoroughly appre-
ciated by farmers for the reason that
cows until recent years have never been
kept I'm large numbers on the farm.
Formerly a dairy farm consisted
Of five or ten cows that were stabbed
In one side of n loosely constructed
barn to be fed and MIXED. During
the greater part Of the "a hours, they
were turned out into the barnyard to
forage around the straw stack or I'M
der the sheds.
The Increased value of live stock
during recent years has resulted in
the building of barns to accommodate
large numbers Of cows. Likewise
horses are better stabbed, because
farmers have recognized the value of
good buildings. Many of these build
ings are equipped with thorough sys-
TENS Of ventilation. but, unfortunate
ly, some have been constructed on old
lines without proper consideration for
the needs or requirements of large
numbers of cattle in close confinement.
Professor King probably did more
than any other man to call attention
to the great necessity of changing the
air In stables constantly days and
nights. His ventilatlng systems were
constructed to admit cold, fresh air
from outdoors in such a way as 70
spread IL out over the cattle near the
ceiling. This forced the cold air down
ward in the stable and outward to the
outlet ventllators that have their open
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12
TOUGH OF ORIENT
Chinese Influence on Clothes Es-
pecially Noted This Season.
In NegIigee Garments Tendency 10
Even More Pronounced Than
In Outdoor Frocks.

The vogue for things Oriental Is
strong this season. The Chinese in
fuence on clothes is especially noted.
Many modish garments for daytime
wear carry a Chinese note, minor or
otherwise, In the color blending, deco
ration, etc, but In negligee garments
the tendency to favor these things Is
ever more pronounced.
The sketch illustrates n boudoir suit
combining n richly embroidered little
mandarin coat and comfortable little
ankle-length trousers cut after the
Chinese fashion, quite straight and In
nocent of flare, frlll or fullness. The
coat proper may be Chinese blue satin
embroidered in dragon, bat or other
design in metal threads, the coat band
ed In black satin matching the trOu-
sers. As shown, a three-inch-wide
band of blue finishes the trousers, but
If desired they may be merely faced
with blue and n band of motifs Of
metal thread embroidery furnishes the
decorative feature.
Trousered boudoir garments are de-
cidedly the fad of the moment. In adj
dition to the Chinese and japanese
effects, gorgeous Turkish trouser
boudoir costumes are shown and other
bifurcated garments for negligee wear
show old-fashioned frilled pantalets of
ankle length, accompanied by silk or
lace coats. Women no longer swathe
themselves In the gorgeously trained
boudoir robes that held sway for many
years when they wish to relax and
make themselves ''comfy" for an after
noon nap. They prefer, rather, the
simpler things, dainty and of rich ma
t%erials, but, nevertheless, real loung
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12

individual cost of producing those prod
ucts.
an the past this difference between
the selling price and the supposed cost
Of production has been wide enough so
that practically any farmer, regard
less of his training, experience and
skill, could make n living, The margin
Of profit has been growing smaller each
year.
"When profits were relatively easily
secured in generous amounts, the
farmer could guess as to which lines OF
production were worth while, but now
that margins have become so small,
some way Of keeping an account of his
business is absolutely necessary IL he
would be certain of making the profit
| which he desires"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12
Feathers on Shoes.

A novelty IL feather trimming on
footwear. This IL In the form of ro-
settles and similar decorations Mt the
toes. Evening slippers in white and
other light shades In satin or kid show
matching feathers OF black and white
combinations. There are pumps in va
rious colors to go with afternoon
frocks, and they are trimmed with
feather rosettes In matching colOrA /.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12

prepared by the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture)
One of the first decisions that the
producer of baby beef should make is
whether to have his calves born in
the spring or In the fall. At the pres
ent time most of the calves on farms
are born during the spring, but those
who have tried the fall calving plan
under suitable conditions, find 1t pos
slbly more satisfactory. The fall
born calf fits in with pastures some
what better than those born In the
spring. His first summer is spent on
the pasture and at the end of this pc
riod he goes into the dry lot for finish
ing. On the other hand, the spring
born calf must be fed during the first
winter and when the pastures are
ready usually cannot be placed on
them because he has reached the fin
ishlng period and should go into the
dry lot. Again, the farmer who sells
milk will derive greater profit when
his cows freshen In the fall, since
milk markets are better then than In
the spring. An additional advantage
Is the fact that finishing calves In the
fall and early winter interferes less
with other farm work than in the
spring and early summer. On the
other hand, in extremely cold climates
calves born in the late fall will suffer,
so that warm barns are n necessity.
More feed is also necessary to main
tain cows when they are nursing
calves, and IL this Is done in the win.
ter when pastures are not always
available, the expense Of keeping the
herd will be somewhat increased.
Furthermore, farmers who buy cows
that have been bred to calve In the
fall must lose six months of service
from them IL the change is made to
fall calving.
Milk for Calves.
1t is also necessary for the owner
to determine whether the calves shall
have all of their mothers milk OF
whether any other use is to be made
of it. Under the so-called beef sys-
TEN, all the calves are allowed to
nurse their dams and the cows are
kept strictly for the calves which they
produce. Under the system of dou-
BILE nursing, some of the cows are re-
quired to suckle two calves and the
milk from the others is sold or dis
posed Of in some way. Many herds,
too, are kept both for beef and milk
purposes. Under this system, known
as the dual purpose, the cows are
MIXED and the calves are raised on
skim milk and grain. A fourth sys-
TEN is used chiefly in the Southeast
and is known as the partial milking
system. Under this method the calves
take a portion of the milk and the
balance is hand MIXED. This In
wolves a great deal of trouble and Ia
Dor, however, and is not practicable
on the average beef-producing farm.
In general, II is said that the beef and
the double-nursing systems are the
most satisfactory Tor the production
of prime baby beef.
Under ordinary circumstances
calves intended for baby beef should
be fed n conservative ration of grain
as soon as they will eat 1t. In all
cases baby beef calves should be fed
literally on grain for at least one
month before weaving time. They
may be started when four to six weeks
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12
SMALL BARN FOR
SMALL FARM PLOT
II Win Stable Eight Cows and
Four Horses and Is Thor
ough,y Modern.
VENTILATION WELL PLANNED
This Important Factor Was Not Given
Consideration WARRANTED Until
Scientific Experiments Were
Made In Recent Years.

Mr. william A. Radford will answer
questions and give advice. FREE OF
COST on all subjects pertaining TO the
subject OF building work on the farm. Tor
his wide experience ms Editor. Author and
Manufacturer. he rs. without doubt, the
highest authority on all these subjects
Address all inquiries to william a. Rad
ford. No. 1877 Prairie avenue, Chicago,
Ill. and only inclose two-cent stamp for
reply.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1917-07-12

ing garments, and certainly this season
the seal of approval has been set upon
garments of the trouser type.
pie as possible TO cut and make, and
very effective imitation Chinese en-
broldery may be attained by the gen.
erous use of gold thread plus a gener-
Gus stock of patience.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1917-05-26
THE NEW HAMPTON MOVEMENT

IT. "" 'AMFION MOVEMENT.
The meaning of the sudden "Hamp-
ton Patriotic Movement now being
pulled off in Chicago, Detroit and
other Northern cities isn't quite clear.
THE APPEAL has received a mum.
Der of letters and newspaper clippings
from the daily papers bearing on the
subject and CLEANS from them the idea
that there is something queer about
the movement .-.
The papers state that one DR..
Charles F. Taylor of New York, one of
the leaders in the movement" who is
now making speeches in Chicago
where the segregation question has
reached an acute stage, has on several
occasions asserted to white audiences:
F"The negro wants segregation as much
as or more than the white man." This
statement is not only false, but it is
dangerous and unfriendly doctrine to
be disseminated by the representative
of an institution which claims to stand
for christian" training and "uplift'
and all that sort. of stuff.
The writer of one of the letters re-
|ceived by, THE APPEAL, states that
she visited the Hampton exhibit al
the Hotel, La Sale where she was in
formed by the charming lady who has
charge of the exhibit, that "the
DARK1Es are making great progress.
What does it mean?
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1917-05-26
cent Of crime is safe when the lyncher

+
cent Of crime is safe when the lyncher
is abroad.
The stern hand Of military law
ought to descend upon the people
who are defying the law and making
mockery of democracy.
The daily newspapers often con-
tain "scare heads and accounts OF
horrible man burnings, where the
victim is drenched with oil and
burned at the stake. If some of these
papers should get out of the country
and fall into the hands of the Ger.
mans who have despoiled Belgium OF
into the hands of the Turks who have
massacred the Armenians they might
use them as a justification of their
atrocities. -
Loyal patriotic citizens of the
United States demand the suppress
sion of lynching and the summary
punishment of the lynchers as q
needed war measure.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1917-05-26
THE GUARDIAN ON DR.. FRlssElI

I -. u
THE GUARDIAN ON DR.. FRissELL,
Commenting on the editorial in the
Richmond Planet, which is printed in
this issue, Directing to one of the
points in DR.. Frissell's recent memo
rial, the Guardian says:
Thus saith in very truth the Planet.
We rise also to deny directly that
the quiet service lives of Booker
Washington or of Russo Motion Sc.
cured recognition of rights. The most
striking thing about the race-leader.
ship career of DR.. Washington was
that coincident with it went the great
est period of loss of citizenship and
OF legal debarment from rights ever
known in any race and especially dur
ing the time DR.. Washington preached
most pronouncedly the doctrine of
quietly deserving rights. No further
exposition of that matter by us is any
longer needed.
I'VE warn DR.. Frissell against re-
viving the Booker Washington-no-egi-
tation issue. Dr. Washington's own
friends do not relish or desire it. =:
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1917-05-26

Greece republic, Russia democracy
Belgium an assurance of integrity
France a promise of security, and that
it shall enable the statute of Liberty
in New York harbor to shine. un.
dimmed. --..-s
eve do not ask that our allies free
the Moroccans, the Hindus, or the
Koreans, but it seems within reason
to ask that they give Home Rule to
the Irish and thus help the United
States in one of it's own local prob.
lems.''
Why does not the Tribune go the
full length in democracy and ask
freedom for the Moroccans, the Hindus
and the Koreans? Is it because their
compilations are a trifle darker than
the other nationalities mentioned?
''But in war which elects democ
racy as the principle there ought tc
be a different condition in some oil
the lands which are allied to the prin
ciple. The United States, which in q
real sense is about to fight for the
security of the United States, and in
equally real sense is about to fight
for the principle of democracy, woulG
fight better if the allies to which il
is Joined were better established il
consistency" -.e...
Speaking of consistency, the Tri
bune could do a great work along thai
line, by advocating justice for the
colored American citizens who are in
suited, and oppressed by the state
governments of the South and whose
lives are never safe from the murder
GUS Southern mob. But instead it has
not been a very long time since thi.
same Tribune advocated the stripping
from the colored citizen the few rights
he now enjoys.
Consistency, thou art jewel"
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1917-05-26
ASSAILS U. S. DEMOCRACY

mot until the United States has
given self-government to the women
can it blaze the way for democracy,
declared Carrie Chapman Gait, presi.
dent of the National Women's Suf-
frage Association, in an address be.
fore the Mississippi Valley Suffrage
Conference at Columbus, Ohio. She
criticized the United States for posing
in the world as the champion of de-.
mocracy when 1T is only democracy
for half the people, .--.-
Mrs. Gait was relentless in her
charge that "ours is a democracy that
doesn't 'democ'" 1--WE had better blot
the mote from our own eyes before we
go forth and want to blot it from the
russians eye," she said, declaring
further that the United States has no
right to talk about making the world
safe for democracy as long as it be-
lieVes in drawing the sex line.
There is nothing more illogical. -
she said, than to insist that men have
the divine right to rule over women
and say at the same time that kings
haven't divine right to rule over men.
ours is not true democracy. The
battle of democracy won't be won in
this country until we rebaptize our
nation and re-establish real democracy.
1.-THE national government saws
woman suffrage must come by states
ana not by congress. Congress can
declare war and oonscript cur sons,
seize our food and clothes, but it can
not grant the underlying principle of
democracy. 1t is a curious thing.
1T is shame that under the Stars
and Stripes the women should still
be struggling for recognition. Every.
body in England believes women there
will have full suffrage by Christmas.
The followers of George III. have beat
en- the followers of George Washing
ton in the race"
Now let's do little figuring. IF il
Is true that the U. S. is only democ-
racy for half the people, as Mrs. Gait
states, and we add the $4,000, 900 col
ored people who are .debarred from
the benefits of democracy, that means
that 62,00O,0O0 of the 100, 600, 900 inhab-
ltants are shut off fran SOME OF the
rights and immunities of citizenship
and only 4S,ooo,ooo rule 1oo,ooo,ooo. II
that does not mean autocracy, what
is it? ~'-T
The problem is so simple that a
child in the kindergarten could figure
it out. X -. =. -
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1917-05-26

TO embrace those principles of cour-
ageous manhood which resent wrong
when wilfully and maliciously given.
The weight of these institutions will
be sought to stem the tide of emigra.
ton from the south. We hope thew
Will speak out and utter the truth
The colored people of the south have
nothing to fear by leaving there.
They may die by reason of the cold
In this section (and this it not at all
probable) but that is more merciful
than dying by the rope and at the
mouth of the shotgun. Here in the
north their children can receive the
education any child receives, and their
ambition will not be curtailed nv
making them believe and recognize
the fallacy that they are inferior to
some one else. If the south desires
the black people to remain there let
them lift the embargo on education.
Young, protection of life and prop
erty, and discontinue "jim-crowism.
segregation and general cussedness.
Black people are insulted when thew
are asked to accept such as their
portion. The trustees of HAMPTON
and Tuskegee should recognize the
TACT that their work must fail If thew
continue to try to build up a race
mat is too weak and cowardly to
demand it's rights. These white trus-
tees should demand for their wards
a greater degree of freedom of
thought and action than they now
nave. The pandering to the wishes
OF the south is not making it better
Tor the colored race but it is firmly
establishing a policy which the whole
race will be asked to accept. Now.
the colored people not in the south
ern states will NEVER accent tho
policy of the South. Colored men
working there have the sympathy Of
those of us who are not there. bnt
we Will not stand for anv loud-
mouthed proclaiming that the colored
race should accept the nolicv az
taught by Hampton and Tuskegee
Major Motion is wise in doing the
best he can under the most unfavor.
aDle conditions so far as real man.
nood is concerned, but he is unwill-
Ing to advocate what he has to accent
as the policy of his race. We take
on our hat to him in this. The time
Is ripe for such institutions as At
lanta and Fisk Universities to re-
ceive tnelr need of praise, These in
stltutlons have not wavered in their
demand for the best and highest for
our people. Their plan-social JUS
ice and manly recognition of worth
Wherever it is found regardless n
race-is deserving the highest praise
100 much money cannot be given
them for their great work.
(Rev.) VIM. A. BYRD
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1917-05-26

The general assembly of the Pres
Dyterlan Church of the United States
IN session at Dallas, Texas, has put
its official ban on Sunday sports, the
Sunday newspaper, liquor and to-
bacco. AS the meeting is being held
in part of the country where lynch
ing and burning men at the stake is
one-of the Sunday sports of the mobs
which fill up on bad whiskey and
squirt tobacco juice, THE APPEAL
suggests that a resolution denounc-
ing lynching be adopted. =