davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + f. + f. I
F RAILROAD NEWS. 4

Machinist W. S. Carman was en-
ployed at this point August 26th
having been a machinist at this place
in January 1917, returned because
he likes the place
w. c. Armstrong, formerly a ma
chinist helper at Liberal roundhouse
left for Douglas, Arizona, Saturday
August 26th, where he expects to
make his home.
W. B. Sturdivant and family re-
turned home Wednesday after en-
joying a vacation with relatives in
Arkansas. Mr.. Sturdivant is employ
ed as boilermaker helper at this
point, and we were all glad to see
him back.
Bert M. Tucker roundhouse en-
ploye at Liberal roundhouse, left the
latter part of the week with his fam
lily for short vacation with relatives
in Arkansas.
The roundhouse foreman, ]. T..
Stokes, and his chief clerk, Manuel
Farrell expect to have the pleasure
of being in their new office the lat
ter part of this week.
Mr.. B. D. Greenhouse, chief clerk
to the Master Mechanic of Dalhart,
Texas, passed through here Monday
on his way to Pratt on business with
roudhouse foreman at that point.
VIM. Motley, formerly night
switch engine fireman at Liberal,
was forced to leave his job when fire
man G. D. Wilson from Dalhart
came up to take his place, having
Motley covered by seniority.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
PROMINENT ROTARIAN
TO BE SUPERINTENDENT

Liberal is fortunate in having j..
E. Aubrey for its Chautauqua super
intendent this year. Mr.. Aubrey is
honorary life member and president
of the Rotary Club and pastor of the
First Presbyterian church of Deni-
son, Texas.
Though Mr.. Aubrey is a preacher
no one thinks of calling him "Rever-
end" Aubrey. He impresses you
more as a keen business man and
that is what he is.
His church is run on business
basis. He advertises his sermons so
we'll that he has been offered i'm
portant positions by several large
business concerns. One of his full
page Christmas advertisements was
the subject of an article on church
advertising in one of the national
advertising magazines.
Mr.. Aubrey has been lecturing or
the Chautauqua circuit this summer
in addition to experimenting. HI
likes to meet people, and every citi
zen of Liberal should make it a poin
to meet him. You'll enjoy it as mucl
as he.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
ELEVATORS MUST HAVE
THEIR LICENSES SOON.

The managers of the elevators all
over the state have lately received
notices from Herbert Hoover, ma
tional food administrator, to make
application for licenses to conduct
their business. In order to obtain a
license, an elevator company must
agree to make such reports as the
administrator requires, to be fair
and reasonable in its trade practices,
and to grant no storage facilities to
others than the Food Administration
for more than thirty days.
The first report that the elevator
men are to make will show all the
grain in storage in the United States
at this time.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
. = @%*+ = = . 80 &C.
: Who LIFTED THE LID OFF =
. HE'LL? =
By Ebert Hubbard.

(The following indictment of the
German emperor was written by FL
bert Hubbard. That the horrors
which Mr.. Hubbard saw in militarism
were afterward visited upon himself
when he and his wife went to their
death among those massacred in the
Lusitania, lends an unusually tragic
note to Mr.. Hubbard's article.)
If any one asks, Who lifted the lid
off hell? Let the truthful answer
be William Hohenzollern.
"Bill Kaiser" has withered hand
and running ear.
Also, he has a shrunken soul, and
mind that reeks with egomania.
He is a mastold degenerate of a
noble grandmother.
In degree he has her power, but
not her love. He has her persistence,
but not her prescience.
He is swollen like a drowned pup,
with pride that stinks.
He never wrote letter nor a mes
sage wherein he did not speak of
God as if the Creator was waiting to
see him in the lobby. "God is with
us"-"God is destroying our enem-
ies"-"I am praying our God to be
with you"-"God is giving US vic
tories"-"I am accountable only to
my conscience and to God"
This belief that the maker of the
universe takes a special interest in
him marks the man as megaloman-
lac, and the idea, that the nations
were "laying for him" is the true
symptom of paranoia.
Why do the German people stand by
the war lord?
The answer is easy. 1t is a matter
of the hypnotic spell of patriotism
and the lure of the crowd, combined
with coercion.
We make a virtue of the thing we
are compelled to do.
The marvellous recuperative power
of the Teutonic people is proved by
the fact that the German race was
not wiped out of existence long 40
: like the Incas or the Aztecs. The will
to live was strong and a new rae,
was ours.
Are we to go back to that blacl
night of bloody medievalism?
Surely not. Our hearts are witt
Germany-the Germany of inven
| ton, science, music, education, skill
:, but not with the war lord. The emp
error does not represent the true Ger
, many. He symbols the lust of power
the thirst of blood.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

The crazy kaiser will not win. The
wisdom Of the world backs the
allies, and Saint Helena waits.
1t must be so.
Germany will not be, subjugated,
but she will be relieved Of succu-
bus that has threatened the very ex-
istence.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
THAT INTERNAL FLY.

Manhattan, Kan.-The house fly
as a dissemination of serious diseases
is menace and should be destroyed
declares George A. Dean, professor
Of entomology in the Kansas State
Agricultural college.
Organisms are carried both ex-
ternally and internally by the fly.
The fine hairs and bristles on its
body-especially the hairy pads on
the feet-become loaded with germs
when the fly crawls over infested
material. The house fly does not lay
all of its eggs at one time, but makes
two or three trips from its breeding
places to the house for food, and
thus the subsequent visits to human
food results in its contamination.
The internal contamination is even
more dangerous because bacteria
may be found in greater numbers
and are able to live longer in the ali
mentary canal.
When one relaizes that flies fire.
quent and feed upon the most filthy
substanc IS, which may be the exareta
of typhoid or dysentery patients or
the discharge of one suffering Of
tuberculosis, and that they sub
sequently contaminate human foods
with the foreign material on their
feet, their excreta, or their vomit
spots, the necessity and Importance
of the house fly control are clear.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

W. f. Bloom, four miles northwest
of town, one of the progressive farm
ers of Seward county will start two
drills in his fields tomorrow morn
ing. Says he will put four hundred
acres to wheat. Mr.. Bloom is of the
opinion that the season is ideal for
sowing wheat and will use every
available acre for that purpose. His
row crops are good and much better
than he anticipated before the rains
came.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

John W. Baughman is advertising
to give away free tickets to the Fair
with each lot sold in Sunnyside dur
ing Chautauqua week.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Manhattan, Kans.-Preparations
for a heavy enrolment of students
in the Kansas State Agricultural col
lege next month are being made by
Miss Jessie Mcdowell Machir, reg
istrar. Registration of students will
start Monday morning, September
10, at nine o'clock. Glasses will
meet Wednesday afternoon.
A decrease in the upper classes is
anticipated, due to war conditions,
but indications point to at least the
usual number of freshmen. Because
the demand for engineers is greater
than the supply, heavy influx Of
students is expected in the division
of engineering.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Mrs. C. G. Buster and son have
gone to Missouri and Iowa on visit.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

j. H. Mahoney left for Noble,
Oklahoma, Saturday for visit with
his son.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
FROM MONDAYS DAILY.

]. w. Wall made trip to Hooker
today.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Entered as second class matter jan
uary 6, 1911, at the postoffice at
Liberal, Kansas, under the Act of
March 8, 1879.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
When Killing Frosts Come.

Occasionally one can hear that
there is some danger of the early
frosts interfering with the maturing
ofcrops. The crops today are in
flourishing condition, but the lase
start has caused many to fear frost
before the crop is ready to harvest.
H. G. Armstrong, the local weather
observer has kindly furnished the
Democrat the following information
as to the time that killing frost ar
rives. This is list of the dates for
the last past ten years, or since the
record has been kept at LIBERAL
October 8, 1907.
October 20, 1908.
October 23, 1909.
October 20, 1910.
October 81, 1911.
October 26, 1912.
October IL, 1913.
October Is, 1914.
October 9, -915.
October 10, 1916.
One can see that the killing frosts
usually do not arrive before the
crops, though late, can be garnered.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Published Every Thursday at Liberal,
Seward County, Kansas.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

W. T. Guthrie made business
trip to the city from Plains Monday
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Mrs. Guy Hickman of Tyrone was
here to see the Chautauqua yester-
day.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

OFFICIAL PAPER OF SEWARD
COUNTY, LIBERAL CITY AND
UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Subscription Price, $3.50 Per Year
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Attorney Stall, of Stratford, Tex
as, was a Liberal visitor Saturday.
He was much impressed with the town
and is thinking of opening a branch
office here. He has considerable
practice up this way and says the es-
Enlistment of an office here would
be a great convenience for his eli
ents.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Mrs. ]. W. Herrel and children
have gone to Pratt for visit among
relatives.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Mr.. and Mrs. j. C. Neeley OF
Goodwill who has been visiting al
the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Jerry
Kyle, returned home Saturday.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

The Liberal Democrat has moved
into their new location and say that
as soon as they get arranged, not an
other weekly newspaper in Kansas
will be more complete or more mod
ernly equipped.-Forgan Eagle.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Mrs. G. W. Russell and children
are here from Hollis, Oklahoma,
visiting Mrs. Russell's brother, W. L.
Jackson and family.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

]. H. Mahoney left for Noble,
Oklahoma, Saturday for visit with
his son.
Mrs. j. w. Herrel and children
have gone to Pratt for visit among
relatives.
Mrs. C. M. Oldham was here from
Tyrone Saturday on visit among
friends.
Henry Tucker of the Photoplay,
was a Garden City visitor the last
of the week.
H. M. Goss of the Baughman agen-
cy made business trip to Hope,
Kansas, Sunday.
Miss Olive Fulton of the freight
office, has gone to Wichita on visit
and vacation.
The high school ground is being i'm
proved by making a distribution Of
the soil and filling the low places.
Walter Armstrong left for Doug.
lass, Arizano, Saturday. Mrs. Arm.
strong will poin him in a short time.
Mrs. G. W. Russell and children
are here from Hollis, Oklahoma
visiting Mrs. Russell's brother, W. L
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Mrs. C. M. Oldham was here from
Tyrone Saturday on visit among
friends.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Walter Armstrong left for Doug.
lass, Arizano, Saturday. Mrs. Arm.
strong will poin him in short time.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30
Going to Connect With
the Sewer?

Ifyou are planning on making any
sewer connections, installing bath
fixtures or plumbing of any kind,
let us give you estimates.
We have good stock of fixtures
and competent workmen, and will
appreciate chance to figure with
you.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

The high school ground is being i'm
proved by making a distribution of
the soil and filling the low places.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Henry Tucker of the Photoplay,
was a Garden City visitor the last
of the week.
The Liberal democrat. [volume] (Liberal, Kan.) 1911-1924, 1917-08-30

Miss Olive Fulton Of the freight
office, has gone to Wichita on a visit
and a vacation.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04
CHARGED TRACE UP TO PAT
Finegan Probably Right When He
Put Forward Thompson as Mean
est of All Mean Men.

This one was told to Sam Bowers,
the art salesman, by John Finnegan,
train caller at the Union station, at
Sioux City, Iowa.
"Talkin' about mean men," said Fin
negan, "one line l knew c man by the
name of Pat OToole, who worked for
n farmer, a few miles out from here,
by the name Of Thompson.
well, one night OToole wint out
to the barn an he found the farmer
hangin by the neck from beam by a
buggy trace an he cut him down an
run four miles for a doctor, an the
doctor come an the farmer got well
an he said he'd never do it again.
"Well, at the end of the month, nf-
ter the farmer had paid O'TOOle his
wages, Pat discovered that he was s.;
short, an he wint back to the farmer
an ses, SEES he, 'HOw'S this? Me money
is short to the extent of So? An the
farmer Ses, SEES he, why, that's the
price of that fine new buggy trace OF
mine that you spoiled by cuttin' a
couple of weeks back
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04

material settles more than the COM
pacted spots, and this unequal settle
ment produces pockets in the surface
which hold water and gradually be-
come deepened under the action of
traffic.
Use Wheeled Scrapers.
Wheeled scraperS are used to q
greater extent in road grading than
either drag scrapers or wagons. The
reason for this is that in road work the
haul length falls, more frequently than
otherwise, within the limits for which
wheeled scrapers are economical Sew
eral different sizes of such scraperS are
in ordinary use, but the size employed
most commonly has an actual load
capacity of from II to 10 cubic feet, &C.
cording to how heavily the load is
heaped. Scrapers of this size ordinar-
lily sell for from $35 to $50 f. o. b. fac
tory.
In operating wheeled scrapers the
material is lOOsened by blowing, in the
manner already described, and is load
ed by the scooping action of the
scraper. Two horses usually are suffi-
cient to draw the scraper after it Is
loaded, but a second team, called a
snatch team, is hitched in at the front
of the tongue to assist in loading. The
snatch team should consist of either
two or three horses, according to the
character of the material, and one
snatch team should serve several
scrapers. The loading and dumping
of the scrapers are done by laborets
provided for that purpose and not by
the drivers.
A small organization for carrying on
graded work with wheeled scrapers
may be made up about as given below /:
Force
foreman.
to IL drivers
l laborer for blowing.
laborers for loading scrapers.
laborerS for dumping and spreading,
l tWo-horSe team for plow.
to 8,two-horse teams for scrapers-
l or two-horSe snatch teams.
Total: l foreman, II laborers, II teams.
Tools:
8 wheeled scrapers Capacity IL to 10 Gu
bic feeO.
l road pillow.
2 picks.
mattockS.
2 axes.
shovels.
The force employed should vary with
the haul length, usually from $50 feet
to 600 feet. Six to eight scrapers
should be employed where the haul ex-
| ceeds $50 feet. Where necessary one
of the snatch teams may be used to as
sist the pillow team.
Such an outfit should move from 200
to $50 cubic yards of earth per 10-hour
| day.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04
EARTH ROADS WORK
Necessary Tools and Machinery
Needed for Building.
use or ELEVATING GRADERS
Machine May Be Operated Success
fully With 25-Horsepower Tractor
or Twelve Well-Trained Horses
-Scrapers and Wagons.

prepared Specially by the United States
Department of Agriculture)
The use of elevating graders is
sometimes desirable in the cOnstruc-
ton of earth roads. The essential fea-
lures of this machine are pillow with
q heavy moldboard, an elevating belt,
suitable frame for supporting the
pillow and belt, and driving and adjust
ing mechanisms for operating the belt
and controlling the work. The pillow
loosens the material and throws it
onto the belt, which conveys and de-
posts it either in the roadbed or
wagons.
Elevating graders are adapted es-
pecially to building up entertainments
with material eXcavated from shallow
borrow bitches along each side Of the
road. They also may be used to ad-
vantage in eXcavating long, shallow,
through cuts and loading the material
thus excavated into wagons for use
in building up embellishments at other
points. The latter use however, is
restricted to situations where there is
sufficient space to operate the grader
and at the same time afford passage
way for the teams and wagons to fol-
low under the end of the belt to re-
ceive the successive loads as the
grader is drawn forward.
Operating EIevating Grader.
1t IS customary to employ a trac-
ton engine for operating the elevating
grader, though teams are used some
times. Ordinarily, the machine may
be operated successfully either with
a 25-hOrse power tractor or with u
well-trained horses.
The rate at which earth can be ex-
cavated with an elevating grader is
relatively very high when conditions
are favorable and the grader can be
kept moving. But there are a number
of rather complicated parts about such
a machine which sometimes get out
Of order and the work also is usually
hampered by many unforeseen contin-
gencies, such as "bogging" of the
wheels, choking of the pillow or the
elevator belt, occurrence of buried
stumps or stones in the excavation,
etc. For these reasons the actual ca
pacity of elevating graders, considered
over a long period, seldom is more
than about One-third or one-half the
rated capacity, and where the material
is loaded into wagons as it is eXcavat-
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04
Evolution Of the Wheel.

Naturally, there was p first man to
eat an oyster, and there must have
been some heroic pioneer to tackle
every edible article that is known to
civilization today. High authority has
bestowed eulOgy on the man who in
vented the wheel, and some have gone
so far as to assert that this unidenti-
fled genius was the greatest benefac-
tor of the race, but we may doubt if
the wheel was really an invention. II
seems more likely to have been a
gradual discovery, the result of slow,
evolutionary process for which no man
or group of men could claim the cred
it.-Exchange.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04
TYPICAL CROSS SECTION FOR EARTH ROAD

ed the actual capacity of the machine
may be reduced still further. Elevat-
ing graders Of the size used ordinarily
in road work have a rated capacity of
about 100 cubic yards per hour
Use of Scrapers, Wagons, Etc.
To grade a road of any considerable
length, no matter where it is located,
usually will require a considerable
amount of work with devices other
than the grading machine and eleyat-
ing grader. The latter machine, as
previously explained, may be very eco
nomical for special conditions to
which they are adapted. But these
special conditions seldom prevail for
more than comparatively short
stretches Of road without sections in
tervening which require that rela-
lively large volume of material be
moved from excavation to embank-
ment within a distance of only a few
hundred feet. Figure l shows a typi-
cal cross section for an earth road,
where the grading machine hardly
could be used advantageOusly except
for finishing the road surface. To ac-
Complish work of this kind econOm-
ically, the devices for loosening, load
ing and hauling the material must all
be adapted to turning around quickly
In a small space and, not infrequently,
must be such as to be handled readily
over very rough ground. Such imple-
ments as wagons, wheeled scrapers,
drag scrapers and plows therefore
should form part of the equipment
on practically all road-grading prof.
ects.
The choice of proper implements to
employ in moving material from ex-
cavation to embankment depends, first,
on the nature and quantity of the
material to be moved, and, second, on
the length of haul. In general, where
the material consists of earth it is
loosened with plows and the econom-
ical method of hauling is fixed by the
haul length about as follows:
For lengths of haul not exceeding
$50 feet, drag scrapers; for lengths of
haul between $50 feet and 600 feet,
wheeled scrapers; for lengths of haul
above 600 feet, wagons. Where the
material consists of solid rock it must
be loosened by drilling and blasting
and practically always is hauled in
wagons or carts, regardless of the haul
length.
Types of Plows Used.
Two types of plows commonly are
used in road grading. One is the type
generally used for loosening ordinary
soils. while the other is used for break
Tag UP hardpon. lode road surfaces and
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04
TESTING Good Nature.

Time: 6 a. m. Place: Between the
covers. Occupation: Pounding the
ear"
Wowie! Old Morpheus drops the
sleeper with q rudeness that is start
ling. It's the door bell No-the tele-
phone!
Downstairs goes the man of the
house, barefooted, pajama-ed, and
three steps at time. Maybe some Of
wife's relatives are sick, he conjec-
lures.
well Hellow he shouts impa-
tiently as he takes down the receiver
from the persistently ringing phone.
No answer.
Hello! Hello! Hell-ow he con-
ttnues with rising emotions and tenn
per.
"What number, pleaseT inquiries
central, with the calmness of the
proverbial cucumber.
1t was the last straw. "This phone
rang; who wants us?" was the only
response.
Excuse it, please" was the apology.
(Form 4-11-44. )-Columbu Dispatch.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04
Had Made Good Use of Time.

The Amaze read the advertisement
on the door, and strolled in.
81 want ter speak ter a pal O NINE"
he said.
"Ah yes. Be seated my good sir"
Then in dreamy voice the medium
began to ring up the Beyond.
81 am in touch with the person you
want" he said at last. "He tells me
that he has made a lot of friends. AL
ready he has met Cromwell, Shakes
lcare. Queen Elizabeth, Henry Irving,
Mark Twain, Balzas, and a score Of
others"
Gee ," muttered the Australian.
Him allus was hustler. E amt
hin dead an hour yet !"-London Tit
Bits.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1917-10-04
nPotterIs EieIdn :

'Potters field" the graveyard in
which are buried those who are in
tered at public expense, comes by its
name legitimately. In England and the
continent the clay used to make pot
terry was dug up in long trenches, which
were left untitled. Common consent
soon made it possible for these I'M
slightly stretches of ground to be put to
the useful purpose of interring the
bodies of those who were cared for as
a charge upon the country.