Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1917-12-16
CONSERVATION 0F
 HOGS IMPERATIVE
Worlds Supply Of Pork Is Estimated To Be Thirty-five Per
 Cent Short.

By Dr. V. w. Knowles, Extension Di-
 vision, University of Arkansas, State
 Veterinarian, Bureau of Animal In-
 dustry and U. S. Department of Az
 riculture, Cooperating.
 Arkansas lost 154,0OO hogs in 1916 from hog cholera, and the losses this year will be even greater un- less our people take every precaution to protect their animals. With the worlds supply of pork approximately S5 per cent short, the situation is seri- ous and everything must be done, not only to prevent these losses, which are . burden the farmers themselves havS to bear, but to conserve the meat supplies of the nation.
 Since the hog supplies approximate ly one-half of all meats consumed in the United States, conservation of hogs now on hand and greatly increas- ed production become of the highest importance. Increased production can .be effected not only by breeding more sows, but by using registered boars, thus producing offspring that will be larger in size and better feeders. If every farmer will retain in his herd every good gilt to be bred this fall and next spring the meat supply will be greatly increased during the next year. and the farmer will have done much toward the winning of the war.
 H0g cholera causes more than 90 per cent of sll losses in hogs in the iUnited States: therefore, conservation 'of our meat supply means the control of hog cholera. In the South, where the temperatures are more or less uni form, severe outbreaks of hog cholera may occur 1t any season of the year, but usually it is most virulent and reaches its greatest height during the fall and early winter.
 Hog cholera occurs in a herd only Nhrough the introduction of the spe- Cifac germ that causes it. Hogs affect ed with cholera discharge the germ from their bodies through the urine, the feces, and the secretions of the nose and eyes. Therefore, the ma ,nure. bedding, litter of all sorts, and the dirt in pens where sick hogs are kept contain the germs of the disease. These germs may enter the system of the we'll hog by means of food or drink. and probably also through wounds In the skin.
 The extensive shipment of hogs by fail hos resulted in the germ of chol- era being deposited in public stock yards and railroad cars. It has also been deposited on farms m practically every community in Arkansas. where it will remain virulent for year or longer. It is believed that any agency which may become carrier of ma nure. bedding, litter or dirt from in- 4ected cars, stock yards or farms to we'll herds. or the introduction of dis eased hogs therein may be the means of infecting the we'll herd.
 If cholera appears in community 1t may be promptly and effectively controlled by the serum treatment. This is treatment which has been developed in the United States De- partment of Agriculture and is recon. mended by all the states in the Union. Arkansas is fortunate in having the State Serum Plant at Little Rock which furnishes serum at cost to the residents of the state.
 Farmers desiring information rela. tive to the control of hog cholera are invited to consult the county agent in his county. with the Extension Divi. zion of the University of Arkansas, Pr. R. M. Cow, State Veterinarian, Little Rock, or Dr. V. w. Knowles, In. spector in Charge of Hog Cholera Work, Old Statehouse. Little Rock, Ark.