davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22
Militarists Bring be-
Rethmann HollWeg's Fall, -

KAISER. a new chancellor, DR.. Georg
Michaelis, the only commoner to hold
the distinguished post. has been Gle
waited to the chancellorship. The kaiser
has renewed his demands for electoral
reforms to be brought about in time
for the coming elections The crown
prince. Field Marshal Won Hindenburg
and Cen Ludendorf, who represent the
Very backbone of German militarisyn,
are active in strengthening their cause
They brought about the fall of Beth
mann Hoilweg, who was considered too
weakened and whose policies as to
annexations and indemnities in the
present struggle were not az all in ac-
cord with the terrorist group of pan
Germans. Furthermore, the chancellor
is said TO have expressed the view that
all Germany could expect in the pres
eut struggle would be draw. He con-
sequently was an unsafe man for the
position which he held If the military
chieftains were to dictate in Berlin. He
fell.
DIR. Georg Michaelis, who was ele-
waited, is declared to be a mere cats
paw. who is to serve the present gov
eminent until a military dictatorship
can be tablished. Whether there is
reason to believe that dictatorship.
possibly under Ludendorff, ever will be
established is another question, but 1t
is q fact that the speech which Mich
aelis made before the reichstag on his
foreign policies indicated that he was
the mouthpiece of the militaristic
group which holds the kaisers ear.
Michaelis painted the German picture
IN beautiful colors for the German eye.
The submarine war would win the
struggle. The asnlies everywhere were
accomplishing noble things. German
courage in victory was the essential to
final conuering of the enemy.
The new chancellor could have said
nothing better designed to further the
policy OF the pan-Germans who are in
this war to the very end for the sake
OF conquest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22
Unable to Find
Allied Weak Point

tremely blue commanders and soldiers.
German shock units'-soldiers picked
for their physical. strength bravery
and tenacity. as well as skill in the
modern warfare-have attacked time
after time. These carefully selected
troops have practically been sent to
slaughter. for where they have been
able to gain. these gains Immediately
have been offset.
The Germans have had a taste Of
British strength. and though they may
| bring about diversions against Gen
Haig's forces. it is not believed likely
that they will attempt large or seri-
Gus offensive against the British. Hate
the British as the Germans do. they
nevertheless hold them in respect.
Germans. notwithstanding the heroic
deeds of French armies in the present
world struggle. have discounted the
French power of resistance repeatedly
Therefore it is but natural that the
majority Of German efforts at the pres
ent juncture should be directed against
the French. By this time they evil
IDENTIFY have an linking, however that
the forces of Gen. Petain are just as
courageous. just as valorous and just
as hard to beat AZ their British broth
ers on the northern section Of the
western front
al
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22
Somme, Arras and Ypres
Three Great Victories in
History of War.
MORALE OF THE TEUTONS
DESTROYED GRADUALLY
Kaiser's Forces Worn Out More
Than Any of His Subjects Had
Ever Considered Possible.
By FRANK H. SIMONDS
Author of "The Great War;" "They
Shall Not Pass"
Copyright, 131s-The Tribune Assn
(The New York Tribune)

1t is now nearly three years since the
German emperor exhorted his troops to
dispose Of 'the contemplate little Brit
ish army" OF that British army it is
doubtful if more than 10 per cent re-
man in the ranks and almost 80 per
cent are dead. It's place has been TAX
en- by the new British army, whose
numbers are reckoned in hundreds OF
thousa nds. not in hundreds. and the
time has perhaps come when one may
profitably review the history Of the
achievements of this new British army
in the year in which it has actually
been at work.
On the 1st day of July. 1916. the new
British army made its attack on the
battlefield of the Somme. 1t was in the
main a green army, facing a veteran
force. 1t was commanded by officers
who were only in rare Instances SOL
UP almost exclusively of men who had
break of the great war. 1t was a crea-
democracy.
On the 1st of July, 1916, no man.
whatever his faith. could say with
knowledge what this British army
would accomplish in the face Of a vet
eran German force, organized by a mil
itary system Of many years standing
The first day of the battle of the
Somme was one of the greatest expert
mentS in military history.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22
Reflected Credit on Britons.


ed to the credit. the courage. the de-
votion and the spirit of sacrifice of the
new British army Progress unprece-
dented in western warfare was made,
although far greater success attended
the French than the British armies on
this day.
The Broitish army did not pierce the
German lines. over half the front they
were, in fact, held up, repulsed with
bloody losses. driven back to their
trenches. From Gommecourt to Thiep-
val the German line held and was to
hold for many weeks to come East
ward of Thiepval, as far as the French
line near the Somme. material progress
was made. The first line was taken,
thousands of prisoners and many guns
were brought in. and the new British
army made its first considerable step
forward. l have been told by British
officers that the casualty list of that
events. the losses were terrific. There
was lacking that skill, that co-ordina-
ton between artillery and infantry,
only to be expected in a seasoned army.
Precisely the faults that were to be
anticipated were disclosed. The Brit
sh army did better than anybody who
knew it thought it would do, but it
showed itself still lacking in training.
From the first Of July to November
the new British army fought forward.
In that period of time it advanced four
or five miles on a wide front. 1t took
$4,000 German prisoners; it battered in
the German lines and created new sa-
lients which imperiled the whole Ger
man front One might examine pro-
excessively the casualty losses of the va
riouS attacks and discover thereby how
the British army learned its job. On
the 1st OF July one brigade of four
thousand men attacked without suffi-
cient artillery preparation. 1t lost
v,tr hy,,, ~
hundred men wounded and brought
back three hundred men. In the clos
Ing days of the Somme another brigade
attacked. suffered fourteen hundred cas-
ualties, buried nine hundred Germans
and brought back eighteen hundred
prisoners.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22
Drive on Riga the Germans
p.:l soon are t,

offensive In the Riga region. as was
predicted in this review last Sunday
The German fleets are to cooperate
with the army. but this has brought
only Joy to the hearts OF the Russian
battle squadrons In the Baltic, who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22
Training School Of Army.

The battle of the Somme was the
training school of the British army
When it began the British army wa:
great only in numbers, in spirit and ir
mechanical resources. When it was
over there was demonstrated a materia
and a moral superiority. The German
army had been put entirely on the de-
fensive. There were no longer counte,
attacks. The German artillery. una id
ed by aeroplanes. because the British
had captured control of the air, sho,
into the blue. The prisoners, who were
captured complained bitterly of lack OF
artillery support and of the failure OF
their aeroplanes. In four short months
the new British army wrested the moral
ascendencv on the battlefield from the
German. The British carried all the po-
sitons that they attacked up to the
moment when the close of the fighting
season terminated operations.
The consequences of the progress
were revealed a few months later, when
the Germans. in advance Of the cam
paign of 1917, withdrew over a wide
front, evacuating nearly thousand
square miles Of French territory. They
left because they could not continue te
hold the positions in which they stood
They could not continue to hold those
positions because British progress had
imperiled them.
The story of the battle of the Somme
Is inc story OIL u ne" army, a green
army. 1t is the story of military edu-
cation achieved under fire at great cost
in life. But it is the story of a lesson
learned. The last offensive of the
Somme series. which took Beaumont
Hamel, attracted attention all over the
world as the first clear Indication that
the British high command and staff
had learned modern war. Even then
military opinion questioned whether
the British staff could rival the achieve
ment unfolded by the French in the
two attacks at Nerdun in October and
her
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

The allies ever have moved cautiously
on the western front They know that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

During the past ten days the resigna-
ton of Chancellor Won Bethmann Holl-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22
What Germans Have Done.

Now. In all that time, what has the
German army secompltshsd against the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

According to advices, the fres Of
battle have spread over the entire
front and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

French positions in the region Of st
Quentin have been penetrated by the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

1t IS now a pretty well established
fact that Lenine and other persons con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

II the Germans. by their many at
tacks. are trying to find weak points
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

The kaiser is believed to have de-
r,anded electoral reforms. full well
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

AS has been predicted from time to
time. the provisional government of
Russia again is fac
Russia Again ing serious times
Co, o,,4l in dealing with the
oees outbreaks. Bolsheviki element
faction in the socialist party. which
from the very start has chafed under
restraint under the new order Of things.
and which has espoused the cause of
no government at all save that Of
the individual" This group has been
ready to follow the preachings of
agents in the pay Of the kaiser. 1t was
known from the very start that the
MaNimalists and Polshevik! elements
sooner or later would stir up trouble
OF serious character, but this has been
courted rather than fought against by
the provisional government for the
reason that the sooner these elements
are completely suppressed just so soon
will the chances Of future dscord be
curtailed II not eliminated.
The Bolsheviki groups participated
in several armed clashes with govern
ment troops in the streets of Petrograd
during the past week. Five hundred
persons have been killed or wounded
according to latest advices but It
would appear that the government now
has everything well in hand Martial
law proclaimed In Petrograd and
armed Cossacks. which in the old
regime paraded the streets in times of
stress once more have been seen
There have been some nutinous regi-
rents who have needed the seditfon
preached by the emissaries of the kali
ser. These have obtained ready sup
port from the reactionary elements of
Kronstadt. where the gospel of an
archy is law Moscow also has sent
her delegations of Bolshevihi to Petro-
grad, and, as result. the demonstra-
tons which broke out ostensibIy as
protest against punishment of mutinous
troops at the front, assumed large pro-
portions.
The provisional government still has
strong backing. This is indicated by
the action OF the soldiers. workmen and
peasants congress in Petrograd which
has termed the Bolshevikf movement
treacherous and felonious. Appeals are
made to the soldiers and workmen to
remain firm that the cause of democ-
racy ana the revolution may be per-
petuated for all time and the machine
tions of the kaiser forever frustrated.
III Is now pretty well established
fact that Lenine and other persons con-
n u IN
Lenine and Others their anar-
Paid Agents of Kaiser chistic asi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-07-22

when the Germans
inaugurate series of
attacks, first here
and fban fhera
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-04-15
NAVY ROCKIES
HAVE CHANGE To
RISE IN RANK

The need for additional officers in
the United States navy is being more
keenly felt, with the commissioning of
every ned dreadnaught. One of the
last acts of the congress which ceas-
ed to exist on March 4, 1917, was to
provide that 100 midshipmen at the
Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md, were
to be drawn from the enlisted per-
sonnet of the navy. Every enlisted
man under twenty years of age, with
one years sea service, is eligible for
one of these vacancies, and the exam
nations are entirely competitive, the
highest 100 young men receiving the
appointments.
I The average young man in the navy
like the average young man in CT
william life, has not had high school
education, and this fact is inducing
high school boys to enlist in the navy,
as it is practically certain that any
young man with ground work of
two years or more high school train
ing. who really desires to enter An
napolis, can do so.
Naval authorities consider midship-
men with this preliminary training
afloat of particular value, as their
knowledge of navay affairs give such
Young men a much better grasp of
the possibilities of their future ca
reer. than is held by the candidates
annointed directly from civil life by
congressman. The men appointed
from the enlisted personnel must be
recommended by their commanding
officer. and an officer jealous of
maintaining the best traditions of the
naval service, will give preference to
the ablest men under him. This places
the highest honors of the naval SER
vice within the grasp of any young
man who has future fitness to win. )"
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-04-15
As
APPLIED To- The
DEFENSIVE AREA

Pensacola is included in what is
termed the defensive area, as an
nounced yesterday from Washington.
For the benefit of shipping men and
others concerned, the following rules
are published, as applying to sad
areas:
"A vessel desiring to cross a defen-
sive area" the regulation states,
"shall proceed to the vicinity of the
entrance to the proper channel, fly
ing her national colors, together with
international code number and pilot
signal and there await communica-
ton with the harbor entrance patrol.
1t is expressly prohibited for any
vessel to enter the limits of de-
fensive sea area otherwise than at
designated entrance and after auth
orization by the harbor entrance pa
troll.
"Boats and other craft employed in
the harbor entrance patrol will be dis
tinguished by the Union jack which
will be shown from a positiin for
ward; they will also fly the usual ma
val pennant. At night they will
show a vertical hoist of three lights,
white, red and white in the order
named.
"On receiving permission from the
harbor entrance patrol to enter de-
fenSive sea area, vessel must COM
ply with all instructions as to pilot
age and other matters that she may
receive from proper authority, either
before or during the passage across
the area; it is understood that only
upon condition of such compliance is
the said permission granted.
No permission will be granted to
other than public vessel of the Unit
ed States to cross defensive sea
area between sunset and sunrise, nor
during the prevalence of weather
conditions that render navigation diff
I; ficult or dangerous. A vessel arriv-
! ing off a defensive sea area after
! sunset shall anchor or lie-to at a
! distance of at least mile outside its
limits until the following sunrise;
vessels discovered near the limits OF
| the area at night may be fired upon
"No vessel shall be permitted tc
proceed within the limits of defen-
sive sea area at greater speed thar
five knots per hour.
! Cali matters pertaining to fishery
and the passage of small crafts with
in a defensive sea area shall be regu.
lated by the senior officer of the har.
Dor entrance patrol.
"These regulations are subject t.
modification by the senior officer Of
the harbor entrance patrol when tht
! public interests may require; anc
such notification as circumstance.
may permit will be issued regarding
notifications thus made.
i "Any master of a vessel or Other
person within the vicinity of a de-
! fensive sea area who shall violate
these regulations, or shall fail tt
obey an order to stop or to heave to
or shall perform any act threatening
the efficiency of mine or other de
lenses or the safety of navigation
or shall take any action inimical Il
the interests of the United States il
its prosecution of war, may be de
tanned therein by force or arms anc
renders himself liable to prosecution.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-04-15
Why the Extra School Tax /?

Q. What territory will the district
include?
A. East Pensacola, Pensacola,
West Pensacola, or Brownsville and
that territory between Little Bayou
and Big Bayou.
Q. Why is it necessary to estab-
lish this special tax district?
A. Because of the rapid growth
of our population the, taxes are al
lowed for school purposes are insuffi-
cient to supply the new schools and
teachers necessary for the children.
Q. How does the establishment of
a special school tax district help?
A. Because the law has provided
this method for any part of the coun-
ty to get more money where the regu-
lar tax is not enough.
@. How much regular tax is levied
now in Escambia county?
A. Seven mills by the county and
one mill by the state. Eight.)
@. How much money is raised by
the regular eight mill levy for these
schools in Escambia county?
A. $116,S71. This includes poll
taxes and State Int. Fund.
@. How many school children in
Escambia county, attending schools
this year, 1917?
A. White, 1902; colored, 2,24O.
Q. How many school buildings in
Escambia county?
A. Seventy eight.
O.. How many teachers are en-
ployed in Escambia county?
A. White, TIA; colored, so.
Q. How many new school build
ings in the city for past ten years?
A. Forty three school rooms have
been built in the city in the last ter
years. (Some old buildings made
larger.)
@. How many schools in the pro.
posed special school tax district?
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-04-15

A. II. There are 101 school rooms
(slnce the fire. being used this wear:
Ia were destroyed in the fire and two
are being rented for colored children.
The county owns 80 of the 1O1.
Q. How many school children in
this district, attending school this
year; 1917?
A. White, 1852; colored, 1,545.
z. What was the increase in
school children in the proposed dis
trlct, in the year 1867, over 1916
16?
A. isl.
@. What was the increased in the
proposed district, 191516 over 1914
Is?
A. &c.. Also increase from 1912
1917, period of five years2 B-7OO.
Q. How many new buildings were
built in the proposed district in the
last five years
A. During the past five years 20
rooms have been built.
z. Is the money raised for school
purposes in the proposed district
enough to meet the Increased attend
ancee, requiring more buildings and
teachers?
A. No. The board is now $14O,-
10000 in debt for money borrowed ia
meet the increased demands for teach
ers and buildings throughout Escam-
bia county. This debt is the accumu
lation of the past ten or fifteen
years.
Q. How much is the assessed val
uation of the property in the proposed
special school tax district?
A. Approximately $11,000,000.00.
@. If the special tax district is es.
tablished, how much additional money
could be raised for schools in these
districts?
A. A three mill levy would Civ,
about $4,000 per annum; a two-mil
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1917-04-15
HOLSTEIN CATTLE
By J. C. BeDeVoise.

rs quarts. Fifteen cows have reach
ed the record of 40 pounds of butter
IN seven days; one of them, "a pounds.
They hold the records in milk for
365 days, with the enormous amount
of 10000 pounds; and in butter with
], 400 pounds.
The Holstein- Friesian Association
is the strongest of its kind: in fact.
we have larger membership than
all of the other dairy breed associa-
tons combined. We are registering
and transferring more animals than
any of the others. At the end of the
fiscal year, April 30, 1911, we had
4,l59 members. Five years later, on
May l., 1916, the membership totalled
0,944, having more than doubled in
that time. We are spending annually
$25, 900 for advertising and promoting
interest in the breed.
The best medical authorities claim
that Holstein milk is more easily dir
gested, the butter fat globules. being
smaller and the solids containing
more casein. They especially recom-
mend it for the use of babies and in
valids.
AS to their popularity, just take
trip through New York, Wisconsin,
Illinois, Ohio or most any northern
state, and you will see that they
predominant. Ohio has adopted them
for her state institutions, and q large
number of other institutions use Hol-
stein cows exclusively. Why is this?
Simply because they are the most
profitable, they are money makers,
and that seems to be what we are
all after. They are even taking the
place of the so-called dual purpose
shorthorn cow in England, and believe
me, you have to show an Englishman
before he is convinced. In fact, they
are the hearts to dual purpose cow
we have. Some of the Holstein cows
attain weight of 1900 pounds, and
Mr.. Snellgrove, right here in Florida,
at st. Augustine, has a bull which
weighs $500 pounds. Their calves
weigh at birth from 80 to $50 pounds,
and they have the constitution and
vigor which makes them more easily
raised than most others.
Now, wonder how many of US have
ever seen a real dairy cow. Just
/ think, gentlemen, how you would feel
to own a COW from which you could
sit down to and milk 40 to so quarts
| of milk a day. Ny Jersey friend
might say, Eyes, but they don't test
high enough in butter fat" But which
would you rather have, 40 quarts OF
3.5 per cent milk, or 20 quarts of 6
per cent milk? And don't you ever
/ forget, it takes lots of skim milk tc
raise good calves and pigs.
Some people will say it can't be
done in Florida, but gentlemen, / be-
lieve it can, and personally am going
to try to demonstrate that it can
Nv ambition is to own 40 quart cow
and then I will go after so quar-
COW. If others have them, and the!
do, up north, we can have them dowI
here; but remember you can't get tina
kind in any but the Holstein- Friesian
so let's get busy, clean out the tick'
so we can raise good ones here, ant
show the northern farmers SOM
Florida grown milk and butter rec
z ords that will make them sit up ant
take notice.