New Mexico state record. (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1914-19??, 1917-01-26

a just regard for the opinion of man
kind to say that so far as our par
ticipation in guarantees of future
peace Is concerned, 1t makes a great
deal OF difference in what way and
upon what terms it Is ended. The
treaties and agreements which bring
it to an end must embody terms which
will create a peace that is worth guar
anteeing and preserving, a peace that
Will win the approval of mankind: not
merely a peace that will serve the sew
eral interests and immediate aims of
the nations engaged. We shall have
no voice in determining what those
terms shall be, but we shall, | feel
ure, have a voice in determining
whether they shall be made lasting or
nc by the guarantees of a universal
covenant and our judgment upon what
is fundamental and essential as a con-
dition precedent to permanency should
be spoken now, not afterward when it
may be too late.
No covenant of cooperative peace
that does not include the peoples of
the New World can suffice to keep the
future safe against war, and yet there
is only one sort of peace that the PEG
pies of America could join in guaran-
teeing.
Terms Must Satisfy America.
The elements of that peace must be
elements that engage the confidence
and satisfy the principles of the Amer
lean governments, elements consistent
with their political faith and the prac-
tical convictions which the peoples of
America have once for all embraced
and undertaken to defend.
| do not mean to say that any Amer
lean government would throw any OBJ
stacle in the way of any terms of
peace the governments now at war
might agree upon or seek to upset
them when made, whatever they might
be.
| only take ii for granted that mere
terms of peace between the bclliger
"nts viii not satisfy even the belliger-
cnts themselves. Mere agreements
may not make peace.
1t will be absolutely necessary that
a force be created as a guarantor of
the pcrmanoncy of the settlement so
much greater than the force of any
nation now engaged or any alliance
hitherto formed or projected, that no
nation, no probable combination of ma
tons could face or withstand it.
If the peace presently to be made
is to endure it must be a peace made
secure by the organized major force
of mankind. The terms of the imme-
diate peace agreed upon will deter
mine whether there is Il peace where
such guarantee can be secured.
Questions on Which Peace Hinges.
The question upon which the whole
future peace and policy of the world
depends is this:
Is the present war a struggle for a
just and secure peace, or only for a
new balance of power? If it be only
a struggle for a new balance of power,
who will guarantee the stable equilib-
rum of the new arrangement? Only
a tranquil Europe can be a stable Eu-
rope. There must be, not a balance
of power, but a community of power;
organized rivalries, but an organ
common peace.
Fortunately, we have received very
explicit assurances on this point. The
statesmen OF both groups of nations
now arraycd against one another have
said, in terms that could not be mis-
interpreted, that it was no part of the
purpose they had in mind to crush
their antagonists. But the implica-
tons of these assurances may not be
equally clear to all-may not be the
on both sides of the water. |
think it will be serviceable if | attempt
to set forth what we understand them
to be.
They imply first of all that it must
be a peace without victory. 1t is not
pleasant to say this. | beg that | may
be permitted to put my own %interpreta-
ton upon it, and that it may be under
stood that no other Interpretation was
in my thought. ! am seeking only to
face realities and to face them without
soft concealments. Victory would
mean peace forced upon the loser a
victor's terms imposed upon the van
luished. 1t would be adopted in hui
initiation, under duress, at an intoler-
able sacrifice, and would leave a sting,
A resentment, a bitter memory upon
which terms of peace would rest, not
permanently, but only as upon quick
sand. Only a peace between equals
AN last; only a peace the very prln-
,iple of which is equality and a COM
non participation in a common bene-
it.
The right state of mind, the right
ceiling between nations, is as neces-
for a lasting peace as is the just
of veXed questions of terri
DRY or of racial and national alleg-
Right to Be the Basis of Terms.
The equality of nations upon which
must be founded, if it is to last,
must be an equality of rights; the
qua. exchanged must neither
'ecognize nor imply a difference be-
wcen big nations and small, between
hose that are powerful and those
hat are weak Right must be used
the common strength, not upon
individual strength, of the nations
.pon whose concert peace will depend
of territory or of esource
here, of course, cannot be; nor any
Their sort of equality not gained in
he ordinary peaceful and legitimate
evelopment of the peoples them
elves. But no one asks or expects
nything more than an equality OF
lights. Mankind is looking now for
reedom of life, not for e%quipoises OF
over.
And there is a deeper thing involved
han even equality of right among or
aniZed nations. No peace can last,
r ought to last, which does not recog- |
ize and accept the principle that gov {
rnments derive all their just powers {
the consent Of the governed, and !
no right anywhere exists to hand
copies about from sovereignty to SOW J
reignty as If they were property. :