davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1917-11-09
InoffiCial Counsellor of the Pres
1dent Is a Modest But Well
Posted Man.
STUDENT OF WORLD AFFAIRS
e<ow Gathering Data on Economic and
Other Problems Which Must Be
Solved at the Peace Table-Has
Qualifications That Go to Make
Sound Diplomat.

AUTHORS NoTE-Men have made q
psSYstery of the life and the doings OF Col.
fE6ward NJ. House, the friend and adviser
SsG Woodrow Wilson. If there has been
sSIystery, It is none Of the Colonel's max
eng. I venture the hope that whatever
aszay have seemed to be hidden is dis
vtfessd in this article. the material for
(which was obtained In the only way in
ssSFt8ch such material can be obtained, by
rx7rect personal contact inquiry and
SafJidY
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1917-11-09
FARMER WHO WILL SUCCEED
Profit Over High Cost Of Labor and
Feed for Meat, MIX, Dairy and
Poultry Products.

Advancing prices for meat, milk,
Hairy and poultry products will bring
1 profit over the high cost of feed and
abor, and the farmer who has kept
God stock of breeding animals is pref.
~ sure to receive handsome returns.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1917-11-09

than from a pound and a half of ordinary tea. The
rich favoury infusions yielded by the young leaves
and shoots that blend TO form SALADA, makes If
most economical as well Supremacy SATISFYING
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1917-11-09
Spoken With Feeling.
: about your wife?"

"HOw about your wife?"
"Eh?"
you used to complain that she
didn't know how to market, wouldn't
shop around, couldn't remember prices
and all that"
"She does now. Prices nowadays
are engraved on your heart"
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
United, States Drops
interests Of Many
Countries in Europe

Washington, Feb. 3.-American am
bassadors, ministers and consular rep-
resentatives in England, France, Rus
sia, Japan, Roumania, Serbia, Greece,
Egypt and Morocco we're today in
structed by the State department to
suspend all activities in relation to the
German interests which they have
taken over and to await information
to be conveyed through some neutral
government as to whom Germany
wishes those interests entrusted.
Thus comes to an end the great
humanitarian work the United States
has been doing in caring for German
prisoners in those countries as we'll
as the practical task Of handling Ger
many's diplomatic interests.
The bclligerent interests which the
United States has been representing
in Germany since the beginning of
the war were turned over by the
American embassy in Berlin to other
neutrals selected by the various gov
ernments concerned.
Official announcement was made at
the State department that British in
terests in Germany had been trans
ferred to Holland, Japanese and Ser
bia to Spain and Roumanian to Spain
temporarily till the Roumanian gov
ernment has been heard from.
Official announcement also was
made that all American consuls had
been ordered to leave Germany and
that, Germany was expected likewise
to withdraw all its consuls from this
country.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Eastern Guards
Will Hurry Home
From the Border

El Paso, Tex. Feb. 3.-An order
received at military headquarters to-
day speeding up the departure of the
Sixth Pennsylvania infantry by ten
days is taken here by military officers
to mean the state troops will be used
on guard duty at eastern military
depots and other important points,
because of the crisis with Germany.
This regiment will leave the sixth in
stead of the sixteenth of this month
A Deming, N. M dispatch stated
that it Is reported there that the First
Arkansas infantry which left for the
state camp yesterday will be diverted
to San Antonio. .r
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Bohemlans Pledge
Devotion to COuntrg

The following declaration was
received in message from Chi
cago last night:
Break with Germany is here
and war may follow at any mo-
ment. America is entitled to know
how far, it may rely upon the
loyalty of 100000 citizens and
residents OF foreign birth. Bo-
hemian National Alliance Of Amer
lea, recognized by more than 500,-
900 Bohemian speaking people as
theis principal organization, de-
clares on behalf of this element of
foreign born population that the
American government may count
absolutely upon the unconditional
devotion of Bohemians to their
adopted country"
The following telegram was sent
to President Wilson:
Eighty thousand members of
the Bohemian National Alliance Of
America approve with enthusiasm
your determined stand in defense
of American rights and honor and
assure you Of their absolute loyalty
to the United States.-Bohemian
National Alliance of America, L. ],
Fisher, President"
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
DIPLOMATIC BREAK
DOES NOT MEAN WAR
It is an Act of Protest Under
Usage of Nations as a
Measure Short of War.
ooNsULs CONTINUE WORK

Washington, Feb. 3.-Breaking of
diplomatic relations with Germany
does not mean war, but easily may
lead to war. 1t is an act Of protest
characterized in the usage of nations
as measure short of war" t....
= The danger that war may follow
is accentuated by the diplomatic his
tory of the world. Modern times
show no inst.nce of diplomatic break
betweep the first-class powers that
has not been followed by hostlities
The rights of Germans in the
United States and OF Americans in
Germany are practically unaffected by
the severance of diplomatic relations.
No treaties are terminated or sus-
pended, but remain in full force and
effect unless either government de-
cides to denounce them, which under
International practice generally calls
tor notice of one year.
German consuls ip the United States
and American consuls in Germany,
holding their places by virtue of trea-
ties, continue to perform their usual
functions, but they no longer work
under supervision of diplomatic Off
GERS. a.
Business Relations Unchanged.
There is no change in commercial
relations, already badly crippled by
the war. Individuals and corporations
may continue their usual affairs, pro-
,vided they do not deal in contraband,
and their obligations are as binding
as ever. The courts still remain open
to them for fedress, but they have no
facility for direct Intervention of
their diplomatic officials. They may,
however, be represented by the diplo-
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
BREAK WITH DUAL
EMPIRE LOOMING
Dispatch From Penfield Indi-
Gates Rupture With Aus
/ tria Hungary.
LIKELY TO FOLLOW ALLY

Washington, Feb. 3.-A long dis
patch received today from Ambassa-
dor Pen6eld at Vienna is understood
to announce adhesion OF Austria to
Germany's course.
The status of the new Austrian am
bassador, who arrived Thursday, was
stated unofhcially this afternoon to
be undecided.
Issuance of passports to Germany
was suspended today by the State
department. If Austria Hungary
formally concurs in the German posf
ton, however, suspension of passports
to that country will follow. it was
stated.
The gates at the White House were
locked today and special precautions
taken to keep unidentified persons
away from the executive mansion.
No specific instructions have been
sent to facilitate the withdrawal of
Americans now in Germany, but Am
bassador Gerard has been instructed
to keep them fully posted as to de-
velopments. The Berlin embassy has
funds to provide for any Americans
needing aid in leaving Germany.
1t was announced officially that all
neutral governments have been noti-
fed by the United States of its sew
erance of relations with Germany. Of
fcials of the State department though
declining to discuss the notification,
left the impression that the United
States would welcome the co-opera-
ton OF other neutrals.
The final instructions for closing
the American embassy in Berlin and
turning over its interests to other neu-
trails were sent this morning, the Of
fetal announcement said. 1t was
stated that until then Germany had
received from this government no Of
fetal intimations OF what the Ameri-
can answer would be.
Governors of states began early in
the afternoon to telegraph President
Wilson, approving his course. The
first to come were from Governor
Lowden OF Illinois aud Governor Man
ming Of South Carolina.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Measures Taken to
Protect the Nation
Against Alien Plots

Washington, Feb. 3.-Measures pro-
posed to protect the United States
against conspiracies that may result
from the rupture with Germany will
be considered at special session iof
the senate judiciary committee after
the presidents address to congress.
The committee was urged to consider
the measures, ,as quickly as possible by
the administration.
Guard Boston Water Front.
Boston, Feb 3.--One hundred and
nine policemen, under command OF
Superintendent Crowley, were sworn
in late today as deputy marshals and
Immediately ordered to the water
front on guard duty at the pier where
six German ships are docked.
~ New York Police Vigilant.
New York, Feb. 3.-News of the
rupture with Germany spurred the
police to take precautionary measures.
Police were ordered to all places
"likely to be attacked" including the
water supplSand the entrances to the
great bridges over the East river.
Men were also detailed to guard for
eign consulates. Acting Commissioner
Cooley said no serious trouble was
exDected
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Attempts to Sink
U. s. Torpedo Boat;
~ Machinist in Irons

Philadelphia, Feb. s,-According to
report at the Philadelphia navy
yard, an attempt was made today to
sink the torpedo boat Jacob Jones.
A machinist's mate is alleged to
have opened the sea cocks and as the
boat was being towed into its dock
it was seen to list. Investigation re-
vealed that the sea cocks were open
and when the vessel was finally
docked there were two feet OF water
in the hold. The chief machinists
mate was arrested and placed in irons,
il was said.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Spain Wants More
Time Before Making
Decision in Matter

London, Feb. "a Madrid dispatch
to Reuters says that the Spanish gov
ernment has telegraphed the central
powers asking that the time allowed
Spanish ships to return to port be ex-
tended
Many towns are protesting against
the note of the central powers and
have sent appeals to the government
to support with dignity the interests
of the nation. The administration has
prohibited an anti-German meeting
which was called at Santander. The
consulates of the central powers at
Barcelona and the camp Of interned
Germans near that city are being
guarded by the police.
Washington, Feb. 3.--Mr. Riano,
the Spanish ambassador, after calling
at the State department today, said:
II have no Information whether
Spain would follow the course Of the
United States in severing relations
with Germany
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
SUBMARINES KILL
200 AMERICANS
Two Thousand Of Other Ma
tionalities Lose Lives in the
r Same Attacks.
HISTORY OF oUTRAGEs

Washington, Feb. 3.-Two hundred
Americans at least, probably more,
have gone to their deaths through
German and Austrian submarine op-
erations.
Most of the Americans lost were
travelling on unarmed merchant ships
and, under the practices of interna-
tional law and humanity, believed
themselves safe. More than 1000
citizens of other nationalities lost
their lives in the same attacks, but
they compose only part of the toll
OF life taken by submarine warfare.
The ships lost on which the Ameri-
cans met death are only fraction
Of the number sent to the bottom
by torpedoes, most OF them without
warning.
First American Killed.
y The cases which involve the
United States and Germany are pri-
marily those in WHICH American life
was lost or endangered. The first
American of whom there is record
to lose his life in submarine attack
was Leon T. Thresher, passenger
on the British liner Falaba, torpedoed
and sunk March 27, 1915, off Milford,
England. The Falaba, after a hope
less attempt to escape, stopped and
while boats were being lowered and
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
PRESIDENT TELLS
CONGRESS OF ACTION
Mr.. Wilson Solemnly Notifies
Congress and the Nation
of Action He Has
Taken in Crisis.
MAKES ADDRESS TO WORLD

Washington, Feb. 5.-The presi-
dent in his address to congress an
nouncing the severance of diplomatic
relations with Germany said:
Gentlemen OF the congres:
"The imperial German government
on the 3lst of January announced to
this government and to the govern
ments of the other neutral nat rs
that on and after the lst day of -
ruary, the present month, it would
adopt policy with regard to the use
of submarines against all shipping
seeking to pass through certain desig-
mated areas of the high seas, to which
it is clearly my duty to call your at
tention. -.. -a -.,
Let me remind. the congress on
the 9Th of April last. in view of the
sinking on the oath of March of the
cross-channel passenger steamer Sus-
sex by German submarine, without
summons or warning, and the conse-
quent loss of the lives of several citi-
zens of the United States, who were
passengers aboard it, this government
addressed note to the imperial Ger
man government in which it made the
following declaration:
"If it is still yths purpose Of the
imperial government to prosecute re-
lentless and indiscriminate warfare
against vessels of commerce by the
use of submarines without regard to
what the government OF the United
States must consider the sacred and
indisputable rules of international law
and the universally recognized die
tates of humanity, the government OF
the United States is atflast forced to
the conclusion that there is but one
course it can pursue.
Unless the imperial government
should now Immediately declare and
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
LAWMAKERS VOTE
SUPPORT TO FLAG
Members of Foreign Birth
Pledge Their Sons to
Uphold the Nation.
GIVE UNDIVIDED SUPPORT


Lincoln, Feb. Especial Tele-
m.)--With the singing of Amer
ica," and tears streaming down the
faces of many, the lower house Of the
Nebraska legislature unanimously
adopted a resolution this morning
pledging the people OF Nebraska to
stand behind the/president in any
thing that might come up in the pres
ent situation.
The news that diplomatic relations
had been severed with Germany
reached the house just at the time
when that body was about to con-
slider the resolution Of last night, COM
mending the president for his attitude
on the situation at that time.
Representative Peterson, republican
floor leader, sent up an amendment
pledsing the support of the people OF
the state to,the president in the pres
ent situation. The resolution\was fol-
lowed by speeches by more than
dozen members, most Of them Of Ger
man parentage and some of them Of
German birth, all OF them pledging
their lives to the defenses Of Old
Glory and the pcrpetuity of American
principles. The house then adjourned.
Hoffmeister Talks.
Following the presentation Of the
amendment Representatiye Hoffmeis-
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
May Commander Plants y
For Naval Construction

Washington, Feb. s. Chairman
Padgett OF the house naval commit
tee announced late today, in closing
debate on the annual naval appropria-
ton bill, that he would offer an
amendment proposed by Secretary
Daniels authorizing the commander
ing of private plants engaged in navy
construction in case of emergency.
Orders were issued late today by
the Navy department forbidding any
navy officials divulging movements
of American war vessels.
The department announced that the
Atlantic fleet would continue its ma
neuvers in. the vicinity Of Guantanamo.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
AMERICAN SHIP
/. IS SCUTTLED BY
GERMAN U.B0AI,
Steamer Housatonic Sent to
Bottom by Torpedo of Sub
marine Off the Scilly
.s. Islans.
NO WARNING GIVEN, RUMoR
News Creates Sensation at
Washington and Details
Are Awaited.
PLEDGE MAY NOT BE BROKE
NO WARNING GIVEN, RUMoR
PLEDGE MAY NOT BE BROKE
Bulletin.

Bulletin.
London, Feb. 3.--The Housatonic
was .submarined at noon. All the Of
fcers and crew were saved by Brit
ish armed steamer.
London, Feb. 3,--The American
steamship Housatonic has been sunk
by German submarine.
+ The rumor is current that the
Housatonic was sunk without warn
ing.
Later information confirmed the re-
port that the Housatonic was sunk
near the Scilly islands.
The Housatonic sailed from Calves
ton January 6 and from Newport
News January 10 for London. The
Housatonic was formerly the HAM
burg American line steamer Georgia,
and American registry was granted to
it in April, 1915, Prior to that time
it had been laid up at New Orleans
since the beginning of the war.
II was then announced that the
vessel had been bought on March %
for $S5,000 by the Housatonic Steam
ship company, OF which Edward +.
Geer Of New Orleans was president.
The Housatonic was 3,l43 tons
gross and was built in Glasgow in
1890. 1t was 238 feet long, forty feet
wide and twenty feet deep.
Creates Sensation.
Washington, Feb. 3.--News Of the
sinking OF the Housatonic created a
sensation here, but State department
officials pointed out that II would de-
pend entirely upon the circumstances
whether the incident would affect the
present situation. ~.
II the ship was carrying contra
band, and If 1t was destroyed with
proper warning and provision for the
safety OF its crew or in an attempt
to escape, the United States merely
would have claim for damages, as in
the Frye case.
The first effect of the incident in
official quarters was to direct atten-
tion anew to the presidents declara-
tion in his address to congress today
that if American ships and lives were
sacrificed "in needless contravention
OF the just and reasonable under
standings of international law" he
would again go before congress for
authority to "use any means that may
be necessary for the protection OF
our seamen and our people,
Fifteen Americans in Crew.
Galveston, Tex, Feb. Sat the
Offices of the Texas Transport and
Terminal company agents, for the
Housatonic, il was stated that there
were approximately fifteen Americans
in the crew and twenty-four of other
nationalitics.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
President Wilson Lays Action Before
Congress, Explaining Reasonc for
Breaking With Germany Ouer the
Latest Submarine Warfare Issue
Austria Expected to Act With Germany and a
Break With That Country May Follow Any
Minute --- Gerard Called Home and Spain to
Act for United States at the Court of Berlin

Washington, Feb. 3.-President Wilson has broken off
diplomatic relations with Germany and warned the kaiser that
ruthless sacrifice of American lives and rights war;
Similar action waiting for Austria when she notifies this
government that she joins the campaign of unrestricted sub
marine warfare.
Announcement to World
The president made formal of his action
to the country and to the world today at joint session Of
congress. T.. ,-.E
Passports been handed to Count Bernstor Am
bassador Gerard with all his staff and all American consus
have been ordered of Germany All German conss the
United States expected to withdraw that the of
relations may be complete American diplomatic interests in
Berlin have been turned Span German interests in the
United States have been taken by Switzerland Foreign
diplomatic interests of which the United States had been
charge Germany have been turned to various neutra
(. s. s elimination Of Outrages.
Two years of diplomatic negotiations marked with fire.
quen and attended with the loss of than 200 Amer
lives the high have eliminated with act which
in all the history all the world has always led Every
agency of the American government has been set in motion
protect the country against acts of German sympathzers
These moves of necessity are being kept secret.
With the notice of Of diplomatic relations the
lease of foreght Americans taken from ships captured by
German raiders in the South Atlantic.
At the request of the president congress- after hearing
his address, began work laws framed by the Depart
United States which cannot be reached under existing
statutes.
Question of Convoy. =
The question of conveying American ships through the
submarine blockade has been taken and being considered
of the next moves by this government.
Neutral governments have been notified of the action of
the United States and have been invited follow its action if
the new submarine campaign violates their rights
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Shop on Pier Used by
Deutschland, Burns

New London, Conn, A tool shop
on the STATE pier, portion of which
is leased by the Eastern Forwarding
company for storage and handling Of
cargo for the German submarine mer-
chantman Deutschland, was burned
today. The loss was small. In the
shop was metal used in their pier
construction work.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Gerard Ordered
To Close American 3
Embassy in Berlin

Washington, Feb. 3.--Ambassador
Gerard's instructions are to close his
embassy as we'll as all the consuiates
in Germany. All embassy attaches,
consuls, consular agents and their
staff are to be brought out of Ger
many. This makes the severance OF
relations more complete than is usual
in such cases.
Washington, Feb. 3.-Germany's
diplomatic interests in the United
States will be assumed by the Swiss
legation.
Washington, Feb. 3.-Spain will
take over the diplomatic interests OF
the United States in Berlin.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
New York States
Entire Militia Is
Called to COlOrs

New York, Feb. 3.-The entire Ma
tional Guard of New York state and
the naval militia we're ordered out to-
night by Governor Whitman, after a
conference with Major General John
F. Organ.
General Organ was directed to
have every arsenal, armory and water
shed adequately guarded by the mill
tiamen and Commodore Forshew Of
the naval militia was ordered to pro-
tect all bridges.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Sailing Of Steamship
St. louis is DELAYED

New York, Feb. 3.-The Interna-
tional Mercantile Marine announced
today the postponement of the sailing
Of the American line steamship St.
Louis from noon today until noon
Sunday "on account of a shortage of
steam coal"
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Friendly Relations WiiaAa Germany End;
Wilson Sends Passports to Bernstorff;
Craze Crisis Now Confronts the Nation
Events Follow Quickly When President
Sewers Relations Between u S. and Germany

President Wilson announced joint session
of diplomatic relations with Germany.
Passports Bestorf German ambassador to
United States.
Ambassador Gerard ambassador Germany instructed
for OF Americans and
sular agents in Germany to United States
and and American people generally
preston of stand behind government in move.
grain Housatona sunk by submarine it is
feared without warning off Scily islands
seze nened German ships including
liners auxiliary cruisers in Atlantic ports.
legislature unanimously support the president in
the taken against Germany.
Germans pledge their loyalty America in expressions
of local leaders -.
New York's National Guards has been called
Diplomatic does but lead to
easily '.- ,.l.
Market the developments of the day.
Italians of Omaha take steps to organize regiment
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04

Works Most of Night.
The breaking off OF relations came
with crash, despite the fact that it
had been DISCOUNTED.
This was practically determined
upon last night. The president re-
turned from his night conference with
the senators determined that break
in relations was the only act consist
ent with the dignity and the honor of
the United States" He worked most
Of the night preparing his address to
congress. .r
At 1890 this morning it became
known that Ambassador Gerard had
been ordered home and that passports
had been sent to Count Won Bern
storff. Although there was no official
confirmation of the presidents deci-
sion until he formally announced it
himself to congress, the knowledge
spread rapidly.
Bernstorff Deeply Moved.
Count Won Bernstorf heard it unof-
ficially while talking with an Asso-
ciated Press correspondent. While ap-
parently deeply moved, he was not
surprised. His first act was to ask
DR.. Paul Ritter, the Swiss minister to
come to the German embassy and pre-
pare to take over its affairs.
Then he informed his wife, an
Anerican-born woman, OF the devel-
opment and likewise told the embassy
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
The Weather

For Nebraska-Cloudy and colder.
Temperatures at Omaha Yesterday.
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04

lCpntinued on Page Two, Column One.)
Omaha daily bee., 1917-02-04
Bernstorf Deeply Moved.

Continued on, Page -Four, Column one,