davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
EXTENDED ORDER.

The purpose of the close order drill
with the company is threefold: In the
first place it eonfers the benefits cited
ut the beginning of this series. namely,
discipline and uniformity of movement.
In the second place, by pleasing the
eye with the movements, 1t not only
teaches with concrete example the
fundamentals of military precision, but
contributes an important moral ele-
ment known as esprit de corps. A
company which is in the height of
drilling or marching together has
vastly better spirit than one which.
however well trained as individuals,
has been assembled but short time.
The third benefit is a practical or me-
chanical expression of the second. This
Is teamwork"
Teamwork is so important to troops
in combat that the infantry drill regu-
lations select this athletic term In pref
erence to the whole military glossary
to explain the combination of ele-
ments required by unit for success
full action. Teamwork is Indispensable.
and teamwork can only be learned, to
begin with. in close order. just as
teamwork with football squad can be
properly learned only by signal prac.
tiee. But well-deyeloped teamwork Is
the more Indispensable with deployed
units because the comparatively wide
fronts increase the difficulties of con-
troll. This brings US to the considera-
ton of extended order.
Because of the increased difficulties
of control, noneommissioned officers
are given great latitude in the execu-
ton of extended order work. We have
already seen. in the article devoted to
pertanee increased the moment the
squad was deploysd in line of skirmish-
ers. The success of the whole, In fact,
In the word of the regulations. "de-
ponds largely upon how well each sub
ordinate co-ordinates his work with the
general plan"
In further illumination of this state
ment, officers and men are instructed
that at is far better to do any intelli-
gent thing consistent with the agrees
sive execution of the general plan
than to search hesitatingly for the
Ideal. This is the true rule of conduct
for subordnates-who are required to
act upon their own initiative"
But subordinates are Immediately
warned that independence must not be-
come license. The subordinate officer
should at all times have the general
plan of action in mind and cause his
own acts to conform thereto. The test
is for him to ask himself whether he
Is reasonably sure that his superior
In the given circumstances would issue
the identical order. If the order he
receives Is obviously based upon an
incorrect view of the situation, is inn
possible of execution, or has become
impracticable because of changes
which have occurred since its promul-
CATION, the subordinate is compelled to
use his own judgment and take the re-
sponsibility upon himself. If he is un-
able first to communicate the situa-
ton to his superiors.
These instructions are directed to
officers primarily, but they are rela-
lively true of the responsibility which
devolves upon the squad or platoon
leader, and for this reason have their
places in the consideration of the COM
pany when deployed in line of skir-
mishers.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
HONE, -
+ TOWN -
E-I,I DS'; !
CITY PLANNING FOR FRANCE
Some Good to Result From Destruction
of Towns by Bombardment of
the German Armies.

There is no great loss. according to
homely philosophy. without some
slight gain. Great disasters often lead
to better conditions. The old fable
of the phoenix rising from its ashes is
essentially true.
Prince is to profit by the ruin of so
many Of her cities. So her people have
decreed. When the German armies are
driven from her soil, her manned towns
are to be rebuilt. But they will
not be reconstructed along former
lines. The narrow streets will not be
restored. The buildings centuries old,
picturesque, perhaps, but scarcely san
itary, will not be restored. Reims and
other bombarded cities are to be re-
built according to the latest plans of
experts in city planning. They are TO
be models on which cities untouched
by German eannonades will look with
envy.
But that is not ALL France has de-
cided that she cannot afford In future
to allow towns and cities to grow up
in the old haphazard way. A law has
been adopted which compels every mu-
nicipality to organize a planning COM
mission. which will decide on its fu-
ture growth. Every Improvement will
have 10 conform 10 the city plan,
whether it is made in newly developed
territory. or replaces a construction of
long standing. Paris, having outgrown
the Haussmann plans, has organized
bureau which will care not only for the
city, but for the whole metropolitan
area.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
HOSE HERE in CASE OF FIRE -

magnesia. and alkali. When any OF
these are present in large quantities
the water tastes bad and is unfit to
drink Only the practical chemist. by
means of carefully conducted expert
ments. can positively determine
whether or not such water can safely
be used. Other frequent admixtures
of water are sand or clay. These may
badly discolor the water. but they are
usually harmless.
The most dangerous contamination
of water is produced by organic poi
sons and the bacteria or germs
microScopically small plants. These
organisms. invisible to the naked eye,
enter the intestines of man with the
water which he drinks. multiply there
at an enormous rate when the eondi-
tons are favorable. and may produce
disorders, diseases or death. They are
the more dangerous because they can
not be seen in the water. Even if
they exist there by the million. when
examined by the eye alone the liquid
may appear entirely or nearly clear.
1t is fact, however, that these
germs cannot live long in water which
does not contain .organic substances.
In so-called surface water, i. e., drain
age water from fields, meadows or
barnyards, In water from roofs or
roads. or in water from forests and
cemeteries. they are always present.
1t is for this reason that cistern water
is not always so harmless as is often
assumed. and that water from ponds,
creeks and rivers or from the old
style open we'll Is positively dangerous.
The question is often asked, IF
such surface water is generally pollut-
ed by germs, why is 1t that the farm
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

" HERE was a time when the
farmer drank his fill from the
''old oaken bucket that hung in
the WELL" when his bathtub con-
sisted of an abandoned wash boiler
placed out in the summer kitchen or
down in the cellar, when the water
closet was four-foot by five-foot
shanty planted behind the eorncrib.
and when on wash days the needed
soft water was obtained from an old
barrel that stood at the corner of the
front porch; but these primitive con-
ditions are rapidly vanishing-they are
almost a thing of the past. No one
argues now, as was the ease then, that
one or two baths month ought 10 be
sufficient for a healthy person. or that
well-lighted, well-warmed and we'll
furnished bathroom is a luxury and
an enfeebling detriment to the devel-
opment of a robust constitution, that
water-closet in the house is unhy-
genic, and that labor-saving comforts
in the kitchen and laundry will make
the cook lazy. We all agree on these
points. The problem is, rather, how
can we get good water in sufficient
quantity, cheaply and effectively,
where it may be needed, /. e., into the
bathroom, the kitchen, the laundry, the
front yard, and the feed lot.
The first question to be answered in
any water-supply problem is naturally,
How much water will be needed?
The answer must differ in accord
ance with the conditions involved. In
the smaller towns it is usual to place
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

ers and their animals who drink II
freely are not promptly killed. The
answer is that most germs cannot live
in the perfectly healthy body of man
or animal. Only certain kinds of
germs have the power to live and
multiply within the larger animals.
Most of them die when they are de
posted in the stomach; others are
harmless. and still others are neces-
sary for the purpose of digestion. A
comparatively small number of spe-
cies produce sickness and death, and
the only way of avoiding the effects of
their attacks is to use only pure water,
or to boil all drinking water that
comes from contaminated sources.
The refreshing taste of springs or
well water is due to several causes.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

the minimum consumption, exclusive
of the water needed for lawn sprink-
ling, at about 1900 cubic feet per
year for the average family of five.
This means minimum of 1888 cubic
feet, or about $500 gallons per month,
or about SO gallons per family per day,
or about 16 gallons per person per day.
While this daily allowance is sufficient
during the greater part of the year. it
is generally insufficient in the four or
five summer months. Few homes can
get along in the summer with the mini
mum quantity named, so that 5000
cubic feet is probably closer estimate
of the actual annual consumption of a
family of five members.
Many homes are provided with hot
water cisterns from which the neces-
sary laundry and bathroom water is
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

its of the animal and it's surrounding
local conditions. The following tables
will give a good idea, however:
Horses, 6 to II gallons day each.
Cattle 6 to u gallons a day each.
Hogs, Il to gallons day each.
Sheep, l to . gallons day each.
When estimating the consumption
horses, old and young, as they are
found on the average farm. it is safe
to reckon ii per head" at minimum
of one cubic foot day. that is, about
half of the minimlim amount needed
for each person.
Every one who intends to study
water-supply problems should know
the following relations:
l. gallon equals 1874 cubic feet.
.. ! cubic foot equals lbs cubic
inches.
3. ! cubic foot equals 7.4S gallons.
4. | cubic foot of water weighs APP
proximateiy 62R pounds.
5. gallon of water weighs s 1-3
pounds.
6. / gallon contains 231 cubic inches.
{. 31R gallons make one barrel.
Chemically pure water is never
found in nature. 1t can be obtained
only by dstllation. When left in cont
tact with common air, or with earthly
or organic substances. water rapidly
absorbs parts of them and becomes
impure. Even the rain water that falls
from the clouds is not entirely pure,
but contains dust particles. ammonia.
and traces of numerous other ingred-
tents. However, as most of these adj
mixtures are harmless, the problem is,
therefore. not how an entirely pure
water can be obtained, but rather how
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

First. the water coming from n low
stratum in the ground is nearly nj
ways quite cold: second, 1t contains
much common air and considerable
quantities of the dioxide of carbon.
These qualities make the water palats
able They can be imp; rted to tepid
water artiticially. but not readily or
cheaply. Water can be boiled to rid
it of dangers germs; If can be
cooled by ice, or by means of an am
mona cooling apparatus. the so-called
ice machine Air and carbon dioxide
can be forced through water to fresh
en- it.
There are many different kinds of
pumps or contrivances for lifting wa
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

The NdereaI Year.

1t has long been known that the
year defined as the time between two
successive returns of the sun in its
apparent round of the heavens, to the
same star differs by about 20 minutes
from the year defined as the time be-
tween two successive returns of the
sun to the same solstice. The former
is called the sIdereal year and the lat
ter the tropical year.
For the calendar the latter is chos-
en-. If we used the sidereal year, the
exact time of the summer solstice
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
WATER SOPP(Y zoe T(1(2z7zzfe
fA2N House s7eaAA.-%===e'ee5 zzE =

to obtain Il water with an admixture
which is not harmful for the purpose
for which it is intended.
Many spring or well waters contain
large quantities of lime in solution.
This lime prevents soap from dissolv-
Ing and lathering: IL makes the water
hard and almost unsuited for laundry
purposes. The chemist has means TO
extract the lime from the water. but
II is process that could not be cheap
~ introduced into. the household.
However, for drinking purposes, such
spring or well water is not harmful.
Other substances that are frequent
~ held in solution by water from the
earth, or from rock, are common salt
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

Chiles tillable soil is held by Z per
cent of the population.
The sweetening power of sycose is
$50 times greater than that of sugar.
There is an opening in Yunnan City,
China, for the introduction of soap.
There are 2,077 buffalo in the Vain
wright Buffalo park at Alberta. Can
ada. This park has an area of 100
square miles.
Long leaf yellow pine will be great
~ in demand in England after the
termination of the war, reports Con-
sui General Ripley OLSON at London.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
Her Sense of humor.

Even gentle woman is capable, when
dealing with tramps, of perpetrating
a type of humer Of which one would
little suspect her.
Il told dat lady" Cinder Smith re-
lates. dat | wanted just IA little somp-
in To keep soul an body together"
An what did she give your in
quired Billy Trucks feelingly.
Cinder Smith exhibited the handout.
"She give me dis safety pin"
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
Showing

ter from wells or csterns into the
kitchen, the laundry, the bathroom
the farIayard. or into the storage tank.
According to the mechanical principle
involved in their construction or oper-
alton, they may be divided into several
classes. as follows:
/. Water heists. l. e.. contrivanees
which raise water by means of buckets
fastened to belts, wheels or levers.
The old-fashioned cistern pump" be-
longs TO this class. Another form Is
the tread wheel employed in Oriental
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

A California inventor has patented
a statement or billhead form which
can be folded and sealed so that the
address at the top is on the outside,
thus saving the expense of an envelope
and the additional labor of addressing.
The ash left on Burning tobacco is
considerable and the mineral matter
of the tobacco leaf frequently amounts
TO as much as a fifth part of its
weight Thus a ton of tobacco leaf
would yield 400-weights of ash, which
represent valuable mineral constitu-
ents withdrawn from the soil.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

The resolution for the adoption of
the Stars and Stripes rs the American
emblem was passed by the continen-
tai congress June IA. 1777. An Amer
lean ship, the Columbia, carried the
American flag around the world in
17S7-1T90.
A million immigrants a year were
pouring into South America before the
war They came from Italy. Spain,
Germany, England, Holland. Scandi-
navia, Portugal, China, Japan and In
dia, but there is no immigration move
ment from North America.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
MUCH IN LITTLE

The Maine deer killed last year to-
tailed 1900.
Dogs can easily follow deer by
means of scent In each hoof there Is
pasty mass which leaves slight
,odor on the ground. For this reason
hunters usually take dogs with them.
A lion, while an accredited member
of the cat family, cannot purr, how
ever happy he may be when you stroke
him, because the hyOid bone in his
throat is loose He has to roar.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
A Hint for Gardeners.

In city and town gardens, where the
space is restricted, it is best TO have
the rows run the long way of the gar
den--north to south If possible TO pre-
vent the growing plants from shading
each other and planting several kinds
of similarly growing vegetables like
green onions, carrots, radishes, etc,
in the same row.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
Cheese Mentioned in Bible.

Cheese is mentioned only three times
in the Bible and on each occasion I'M
der a different name in the Hebrew
dob, 0:10; Samuel IT rs; III Sam
uel, II :29l 1t is difficult to decide
how far these terms correspond with
our notion of cheese.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

An Qhseruant Child.

Mamma, | must have new dress
for my dolly"
"Why, dear?"
"'Cause | quarreled with her, and
now that We've made up must give
her a new dress.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

would come 20 minutes later each
year, and finally, after the lapse of a
number of years, the date of mid-sum-
mer would be in December and the
meanings of the months would be en-
tirely changed.
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
Yer, New

A little girl out walking with her
mother saw dog with license tag on
his collar and exclaimed: "Oh. moth
er, there's new dog that they haven't
taken the tag off of yet"
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06
John Daniel Walters says no
feature of home architecture qDW
afford SO much comfort and be
SO CONDUCIVE to health as aband-
ant supply of pure qvater~

tom contains sediment that has washed
from the roof, and cannot, or should
not. be used This leaves about 365
cubic feet or ST barrels, for actual use.
If we assume that the ciStern Is COM
pletely emptied three times year. 1t
gives daily consumption of just
cubic feet, or 2212 gallons, per family
of five members. Some families I'M
doubtedly use twice as much or sew
eral times as much soft water as the
quantity stated, and more would be
used in many homes If the supply was
more adequate and easier to obtain.
The water reports of large cities
show much greater consumption fig
ures. because enormous quantities of
water are being used in factories and
packing houses and for street sprink-
ling and building purposes. The farm
er should not of course be misled by
these city statistics. When calculas-
ing the consumption of water in the
average farm home the following con-
servative table is generally used:
To fill a bathtub requires from 8 to
20 gallons.
To flush a closet, each time. from 3
to 5 gallons.
To fill lavatory. from l TO IL gal
Ions:
For sprinkling lawn. per 100 square
feet, from I to s gallons.
For soaking lawn, per 100 square
feet from 10 to 20 gallons.
The consumption of water by farm
animals depends upon the season, the
feed, the age, and the individual hab-
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

drawn. The average per capita con-
sumption of soft water, like that of
hard water, differs very much. 1t de-
ponds on the size of the cistern and
the character of the plumbing fixtures
quite as, much as on the size and
habits 4 %the family. Most homes
The Monticellonian., 1917-09-06

would use larger quanti-
ties of cistern water If
they had a more adequate
supply or more modern
pumping contrivanees. The
average home cistern holds
nominally about 40 cubic
feet. which is 100 barrels
of water, but a part of this
cistern is not available,
since the water at the bot
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-07-17
FINISH PROGRAM
OF CROCERS'FEST
ANIMAL Outing Of Local Merchants
win Be Held at Linwood WedHes.
daf. July p,
Feature OF Events fer Day VIII BE An
nual Same Between Grocers and
TUbbinr Statesmen

-raa nrre~ar7 for the annual picnic
. ,---cr.se4 at the
ait 8'.l1H $3.50
monthly meeting or tA4 f'oA 42ie4i4.i
Retail Groeers' association held last
rf~ht II he rooms Of tie Business
49, ..--ort,tso7 sr III. Safety build
ing.
The picnic viii be held again at Linz
good WEDNESDAY TuTr % as has been
---+ -..-. -rne staar7-
-'7 p
ers@l0neE mas oeeH 2AaL tet5 ca 10 I'd -
the crowds to and from the grounds
mas fH7a case last wear the butch
avs ~F +ho -ffy will 5oin with the
1880 s- ~ s-naar -v+4nr All the
$1,000. -tCree and meat markets in
III rf+r aa75fafa4 vfff4 fha association
-.-.Fs he .-f-,ss4 All 5a,- If the outing
m r-at Trfff raava the landing at
-s.+ 800 gs >-fretesrt5e street at & 90 in
HI ----~f,g ana ar .2a In fne after
nom rIazrfne the Davenport wharf 10
r,f1,rsa= Iatar on each +rfp The com
r-s4rse I'm CHARGE is making prepare
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-07-17
10 60 Infn BIN sIneas.
ENGLAND INSTALL5
PUBLIC NURSERIES

T.nnaor -fCrrrespondence.5 e. Pub
lie nurseries. patterned after those IN
orerafion I'm $50 many of f1e poorer
districts OF cities In the United States
are being opened Iu many parts Of
England under the auspices Of the
ministry of munitions. Babies whose
mothers are munlt0n workers are
cared for iu these institutions.
Mothers working by day bring their
babies 20 the nursery every morn
ing and call for them IN the even
fnr Infants whose mothers ere ON
night work remain from Sunday even
ing until Saturday morning Twelve
cents a day is paid by mothers Tor
each child and ia cents rs contrib
uHted by the ministry OF munitions
One Of these nurseries i'm the Lon-
don area is very well fitted mp Here
the children are divided into TWO
classes babies and todaler5 from TWO
70 five years OF age The toGdleTs
nursery is on the ground floor and is
she democratic chamber where there
is common ownership Of miniature
furniture and pIavthinEs, and an at
naosphere or genial almost Flotous.
companionship which Is lacking liz the
upper chamber. where infants lux
urfate IN pink-Ined cots.
When the babies arrive each morn
ing they are bathca and put into their
cots with "a bottle for sufars Each
fodder. before being set down 10 play.
is invested with pretty nursery
dress. its own clothes being carefully
put away in a numbered bag.
The dietary Is. Lunch at 20 a. I'd.
hot milk. dinner az noon. soup. fish Of
eggs. and pudding tea a. o'clock.
coCcs bread ana butter and syrup.
-hFr1 Go milk
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-07-17
LINCOLN MAN FOR
ASSISTANT CLERK
Joseph 6. Ray, AID 70 Head Consul
OF Noodmen for 20 Years, Is
Appointed Here.
NEW PHYSICIAN IS CHOSEN
DR.. ". z. Cooke Of plaffsmouth. Neb.-
Elected tn Succeed fine Late
"a Dr. T. 4. Smith.

( Joseph g. RAY If Lincoln. Na5. a.
elstant head consul os the Modern
woodmsn oil America for the last 20
years. was named assistant head
clerk By she new executive council Of
the society when IL organized today.
SIR Ray was assistant 70 me late n.
a $of1hcott when he was head CON
sui of the society and vixen H.
Talbot was elected he remained ia
the same office He will remove 10
Rock Island within the course ot a
short time HH has wlte and son.
Fred 81 Burt. assistant bead clerk for
rhe last three years. Ei5L remain as
an atlache ri the head of. ce7.
DR. w IT, Cooke uf FLaItsuouth.
%eb. state medical director or %eoras-
ka for "a number Of years was APP
pointed q member of tae supreme med
zeal hoard to succeed the late DIR. j.
4 smith Dr T. A. Anderson and Dr
r r. Jones were raappointed mem
bers Of the supreme medical board
r o. Van Calder was again chosen
editor Of the Modern Wooduan. tho
official publication ST the society. and
Truman PIantz or warsaw, Ill., was
reappointed general attorney
Albert Bort. son Of Head Clerk A n
Bort. is to be given position iu the
head Office
10 60 Into Business.
James McEamara- retiring head
clerk announced today that he intends
20 take vacation In the north EoI
two months after which be VIII re-
turn to Rock Island to enter into lat
farm mortgage business,
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1917-07-17

10 supply q large part OF the food re-
dutrements OF the troops, according 70
Henry Burden. president Of the Ma
tional Gamers association, who IN
letter to mem bers today reminds them
taat The 'aonor Of the association :
pledged to the perfect fulHNment o.
this trust He urges all mem bers 70
give personal attention TO the work
90 me government may be furnished
with only the best products Of the in
dustry.