davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
Friends of Irish
Freedom Royalty
Entertain Friends
The Social Session Of the Sir Roger
Easement Local Was RepIete With
Enjoyable Numbers-lrsh Songs
and Dances Were Featured-The
Best Talent Of the City Took Part
In Program.

Hats off to the committee in charge
of the program at the last meeting of
the Friends of Irish Freedom, held in
their hall last Thursday week ago.
The entertainment was par excellence,
every number was received with en-
thusiasm and the performers in good
nature responded to every encore to
the great satisfaction of the audience.
Mr.. Neil Cronin made spirited ad-
dress, one that appealed to everyone.
This was the first meeting which Mr..
Cronin attended and he was pleased to
see the progress Of the organization.
In the course of his speech he said
that when a man becomes careless
about the language of his ancestors
he will become equally careless about
the faith of his fathers; and whoever
loses the love of his native land will
ultimately become denationalized in
country and perverted in faith. The
speaker urged the good work of the
Friends of Irish Freedom for the ben
eft of those in need in Ireland, who
have been driven to starvation by the
expressing parliament of English
tyrannists. At the, conclusion of his
speech Mr.. Cronin was given a loud
ovation.
1t is social meetings of this nature
that have tendency to interest every
friend of the Irish cause and the Irish
Standard is pleased to learn that the
committee on entertainment has many
other happy affairs in view which we
will announce later. After the pro-
gram was rendered everybody was in
happy mood and as some of the best
musicians in the city were present,
dancing was INDUCED in until mid
night. Everyone present proclaimed
it the best ever and thanked the COM
mittee for their work of providing the
entertainment.
The next meeting will be business
session and will be held next Thurs.
day evening, January Is, at Richmond
Hall. At this meeting many interest
ing matters will come up before the
members and everyone should make
an effort to be present.
The following program was rend-
cred:
Piano sOlo-Miss Moran.
Vocal sOlo-Mr Manalis.
Recitation-John Mason, Jr.
Musical numbers-Messrs. O'Brien
and Fleming.
Irish dancing-Miss Cooper, Mr..
Foster and Martin Crane.
Musical solo-Mr. McArtin.
Recitation-Miss Pepper.
Address Neil Cronin.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
CLUBHOUSE PLANNED
FOR WORKING GIRLS

Plans to erect a $4,000 clubhouse
and home for working girls are under
consideration by Seton Guild. The
Seton Guild conducts cafeteria at
206 Fourth street south and summer
home for its members at Lake Mime
tonka. Mrs. D. E. Virtue says
$4,000 legacy for the guild will not
be available unless $4,000 can be
raised before February s, according
to the terms of a promise made by the
late James J. Hill some months before
his death.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
ANNUAL CHARITY
BALL WILL BE GIVEN
BY CATHOLIC women
Appeal Made BY Catholic Women's
League Through Annual Ball Which
Will Be Given January 25th.

The largest appeal for financial sup
port which the Minneapolis League of
Catholic Women makes through the
year is the annual ball, scheduled to
take place this year at the Radisson
hotel, Thursday evening, January rs.
The fund secured through an enter
tainment of a similar character each
year is used for the maintenance of
various philanthropic activities, in
cluding st. Marys Home, Margaret
Barry settlement house, their cafe
terra, the children's home, their relief
and travellers aid work, their juvenile
court department and the educational
work in the girls branch.
So that everyone may be enter
tanned, whether they dance or not,
Mrs. w. E. Nelson has been given
the responsibility for a musical pro-
gram which will be given the same
evening at the same place. Working
with Mrs. Nelson will be Miss Anne
Hughes and Mrs. Joseph Lehman.
Men and women prominent socially
who already have consented to act as
patrons and patronesses are:
Messrs. and Mines. Matthias Baldwin,
w. P. Devereux, l.. s. Donaldson, r. E.
Farr, J. C. Famechon, F. A. Cross, F.
A. Ha1lef w r How p T Kennedv
Hubert Kelly, F. E. Kelly, Joseph
Lehman, F. L. Lucke, ]. H. Mccarthy,
]. A. Mcdonald, Morris Mcdonald,
John F. MCGEE, w. E. Nelson, r. P.
O'Brien, Thomas O'Connor, Edmund
Pennington, E. A. Pendergast, J. ].
Regan, E. Sumerville. H. B. Sweetser,
c. e. Wales, Daniel Coonan, Miss A.
K. Corrigan.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
PHARR, TEXAS, NOW HAS cATHo.
Lie CHURCH.
Little Texas Town Where $4,000 Sol
diers Have Been Stationed During
Past Six Months Is Proud Pos.
SCISSOR Of a Beautiful Cath
olic Church.

The little town of Pharr, Texas,
where about $4,000 soldiers have been
stationed for the past six months,
now is the proud possessor of wood
en- Catholic church, a building that
will stand for many years as a monu.
ment to the religious zeal of the Cath
olic members of two Brooklyn regi-
ments, the Twenty-third and the Forty
seventh, ably assisted by the soldiers
of other regiments encamped at that
place. The church was built entirely
by soldiers, who collected the neces-
sary funds for the purchase of material
and constructed the edifice with their
own hands.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
PARocHIAL SCHOOL PUPILS OF
PHILADELPHIA ARE SAVING
WASTE PAPER AND MONEY.

More than 10000 pupils of the pa
rochial schools in Philadelphia have
been enrolled in the campaign to COL
lect and save every available piece of
paper in an effort to relieve the short
age. The campaign was started by
Rev. John E. Flood, superintendent of
the parochial schools, and plans are
under way to enlist the help of the
250.000 public school children. Lead
ers of the movement pointed out that
in addition to reducing the shortage
of paper the children would realize
q considerable sum of money for the
improvement of the play centers
throughout the city.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
Effort to Hold
Conference In
ireland Is Made
A Circular Issued to Bring All Irish
men Together With View to Ef-
feet SettIement-Thel Irish Con-
ference League Sponsors
for the Call.

According to the Press Associations
Belfast correspondent, a circular has
been issued from the Offices of the
Irish Conference Committee, Dublin,
to county councils and other bodies
in Ireland inviting opinions as to the
desirability of holding a conference
in Ireland for the purpose of endeavor-
ing to find a solution of political diff
ferences in that country. The circular,
which is signed by, among others,
Lord Monteagle and MacDonnell, Wal
ter Kavanagh, Sir Algernon Coote, Sir
Nugent Everrard, and Sir Gabriel
Stokes, says:
Before the recent rising most Irish
men, watching our country's heroism
in the field and marking the spirit of
comradeship which was growing up be-
tween the men from Ulster and the
rest of Ireland, had come to believe
that out Of the supreme trials of many
stricken fields there would emerge
some clue to a political settlement
after the war which all Irishmen would
accept. Over these prospects the re-
bellion and it's consequences have
thrown cloud of disappointment and
Encouragement.
Yet to many Irishmen the cloud is
not without its silver lining, and we
believe that there exists throughout
Ireland more widespread desire than
ever before to find some means of
settling our political differences.
Previous Achievements.
In our recent domestic history we
have striking examples of the success
which Irishmen in conferences have
achieved, not only in preparing the
way for legislation, but in creating
such an atmosphere of mutual helpful
ness and goodwill that difficulties pre-.
viously regarded as insoluble have
yielded to treatment which has led to
far-reaching and beneficial results in.
deed.
These circumstances appear to us
to impose on all leading Irishmen the
obligation Of coming together and con.
sidering in friendly conference what
is the best and most generally accept.
able means of solving the problem that
lies before us. 1t need hardly be said
that there is no intention of going be.
hind the recognized Parliamentary
leaders. It is believed, on the con.
trary, that such conference if
brought together, could not fail to
strengthen the hands of those leaders
and might bring about the settlement
so universally desired.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
COMMENT FROM AN
EPISCOPAL paper
Appropos to the Great Cry for lnspec.
ton Of Converts and Nunneries, the
Following inspiring and Manly De-
fense of Them Was Made Some
Years Ago by a Prominent
Episcopal Paper.

"If the Roman Catholic church is
committing any offense against the
laws of the land let it be shown. If
there be anything in its constitution
that is in plain statutory contradiction
to our laws and constitution, let it be
so decided by competent authority. If
its religious houses be houses of in.
fanny, and its priests and nuns the
yjlest of the vile, let it be so charged
anu proved by others than apostatcs,
deg1ad for drunkenness or liccntious-
ness.
"Men who call themselves minis
ters of Christ do not hesitate to give
credence and circulation to stories,
which If true, except in rare instances,
would present to us a riddle which no
man could solve; namely that no part
Of the Christian church can show a
more indomitable courage and devo-
tion, a more tireless spirit for the con-
version Of heather men and savages,
at every cost of comfort, of ease, of
home, of worldly advantage, Of life
itself, than the Roman Catholic church.
Her priests penetrate into every heath
en- fastness; her Sisters forego the nat
ural weakness Of their womanhood,
to minister to the dying. on the war
swept field Of slaughter. They are
found by day and by night in the
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

Dublin, Ireland.-The recall of Gen
eral Maxwell and the appointment of
Sir Bryan Mahan as commander of
the forces in Ireland has not brought
about any change in policy or any
softening in the rigors of martial law
Public meetings are prohibited in
many districts and even Gaelic foot
ball and hurting tournaments are ham,
pered and cannot be held without a
permit from the military authorities.
A secret circular issued to the police
was recently brought to light at the
Pallas Petty Sessions Court where Mr..
James Ryan of the Limerick Gaelic
Athletic Association was prosecuted
under the Defense of the Realm Act
for obstructing the police who wished
to be present at hurting match, held
recently iii Pallasgreen. The secret
circular, which was read by the attor-
ney for the defendant, stated that po-
lice must secure information of per-
sons attending Gaelic games "as an
attempt was now being made by sus.
poets to reorganize the Irish Revolu-
tionary Brotherhood, Clan-na- Gael,
Irish Volunteers, Sim Fein, the Gu.
mann Na-am-Ban, Gaelic Athletic AS
sociation, Gaelic League and Ancient
Order of Hibernians (Irish American
Alliance), and to watch in particular
the movements of the organizers.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
Christian Brothers
Make ! Annual Report
Annual Calendar, Giving the Official
Statistics Shows Order to Be Ex.
Panding, Despite Of War Conditions
Have 725 Houses Throughout the
World.

The Mother House of the Institute
of the Brothers of the Christian
Schools (Chrstian Brothers) has just
issued the Annual Calendar giving the
official statistics of the order for 1916
1t is interesting to note the develop
ment and expansion of this great or
der of teachers in spite of the war con-
ditiOns which must necessarily great
ly affect their work.
At present the Brothers have 725
houses throughout the world. OF
AZ in Africa. 14O in North America, 23
in Central America and the West In
dies, &C in South America, and in
Australia, For purposes of administra-
tion the houses are grouped into IS
provinces. During the past year two
new provinces have been formed
which point to the development of the
institute in new fields of labor. The
newly established provinces are that
of Australia, which formerly belonged
to the Irish province, and that Of New
Mexico, formerly part Of the province
of St. Louis, Mo.
The countries in which the Brothers
have the largest number of houses are
Spain, 1913; Belgium, 100; United
States, "a; Canada, Sc; Italy, 40; and
ri In ha Drift oh
empire the Brothers have III houses.
OF these, Sc are in Cahada, 90 in the
British Isles, and IL in India, Austria
liza, and South Africa.
OF the many cities in which the sons
of st. De La Sale are at work, the
following have the largest number of
houses: Montreal, IA; Vienna, II;
New York, 10; Madrid, 8; Rome, 9;
Quebec, z; Philadelphia, z; and San
tiago, Chile, Z.
The Brothers of the Christian
Schools have over 300 establishments
in the countries involved in the pres
ent war, so that their order is one Of
those that has suffered most as a re-
suit of this terrible conflict. Many Of
the Brothers are serving at the front,
either in field or ambulance, and num-
bers have already fallen victims Of
duty and patriotism. A number Of
their larger colleges in the war zone
have been transformed into military
hospitals where the Brothers are now
devoting themselves to the care Of the
wounded with the same zeal and ten
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
BUFFALO BILL
DIED A CATHOLIC

Buffalo Bill, Colonel William +. Cody,
one of the most famous men America
has ever known, died in Denver on
Wednesday of last week at 1906 p. m,
and he died Il member of the Catholic
Church. lie was baptized on Tuesday
evening about o'clock by the Rev.
Christopher V. Walsh, assistant rec
tor OF the Denver Cathedral, who has
long been friend of the family.
Considering the prominence of the
man involved, this is the most notable
conversion ever made in Colorado.
Buffalo Bills name is household
word the world over. Father Walsh,
who baptized him, as q boy saw him
perform in Ireland; Father Joseph Bo-
setti, of the Cathedral, saw him in
Italy; Henry Trepper, business mana
ger of The Register, as boy saw him
in Germany. The great scout had
been in every nation on the face of
tho earth.
Colonel William F. Cody was the
most typical American living. He rep
resented a type of manhood that diff
fcrcd from anything any other nation
has ever produced. He was the last
of the truly great American scouts.
He was born February 26, 1S46, in
Scott county, Iowa, near LIE Clair, of
Isaac and Mary Cody, and was one of
seven children. He was lienal de-
scendant of Milesius, an ancient king
of Spain, whose three sons founded
the first dynasty in Ireland, about the
beginning of the Christian era. The
Cody family descended from Heremon,
one of these sons.
In his young days, Buffalo Bill lived
the typical life of the Western plains.
He was a pony express rider, was in
the secret service for time, and saw
plenty of Indian warfare. He secured
his name Buffalo Bill by contracting to
furnish fresh buffalo meat for the 1900
employees of Goddard Brothers, when
the latter were building the Kansas
Pacific railroad. The contract read
that he was to furnish twelve buffaloes
daily. To get the meat frequently took
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

As reported in the last issue of the
Irish Standard the Joint Installation
meeting was great gathering of Irish
American citizens who generously re-
sponded to the call of the county presi-
dents to witness the joint installation
Of the officers of all the divisions of
Hennepin County. Despite the cold
weather prevailing last Friday evening,
q week ago, the Elks hall was too
small to accommodate all who desired
to attend.
Beautiful bouquets of flowers were
much in evidence in the audience, but
the hall was only decorated with two
flags, the American and the flag of
Ireland, but those beauteous banners
inspired those present with the hope
that liberty and national independence
may soon shine forth effulgent on that
lovely land, the island home, the right
full heritage of the scattered children
of the Gael, and were hailed as the
herald of freedom, the harbinger of
happiness and national independence
to the descendants of the ancient
Milesians.
Mrs. Anna K. Bryant, county presi-
dent of the Ladies' Auxiliary, called
the meeting to order and after max
ing an excellent speech of welcome
to the visitors. she called upon the
audience to sing the "Star Spangled
Banner" After the singing Mrs. Bry-
ant made a few appropriate remarks
upon the occasion and turned the
meeting over to Frank Feeney, county
president of the Ancient Order of Hi
bernians, who, upon accepting the
honor, paid beautiful tribute to the
energy Of the ladies of the auxiliary
for their part in making the joint in
stallation success.
The officers were installed by Mrs.
McWhorter, assisted by past National
President James J. Regan. The beau
tiful Hibernian Installation ceremony
was very impressing upon the audi.
ence and thoroughly enjoyed by all, es.
pecially by those who have never had
the good fortune of witnessing an in.
stallation before.
Rev. Father O'Brien and Rev. FIR.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
Outside Of Military Circles Sentiment
Peace PIans-French and Irish Feel
ing Is Growing Bitter Against Eng
land.
WOUNDED RETURNING
HAS DEPRESSING EFFECT
Army Volunteers Do Not Like Reports
From the Front-Canadians Realize
That England Has Sacrificed Do.
minion Soldiers in FRONT Trenches
-Boardman's Campaign for "MilIion
Men" Has Failed.

Montreal, Que., Jan. 16.-More than
1900 1rish-C Canadians of military age
have emigrated to the United States
fearing the possibility of enforced mil
itary service throughout the Dominion.
Others have left for South American
countries, principally Argentina.
The casualty reports and the wound
ed coming home are having a depress-
ing effect on army volunteers. The
war drags on heavily and so far as
the Irish elements of the Dominion
are considered there is no hope of
securing any large number of soldiers.
In Irish settlements the efforts at en-
listments are nearly abandoned. The
censored press do not admit the facts,
but the campaign of Premier Borden
for "a million men" has lamentably
failed.
Not only among the French and Irish
is seen the growing feeling against
the government but out in Vancouver,
where many Of the inhabitants have
moved over the line to Seattle. There
is a popular notion that England has
sacrificed the Canadians in the first
line trenches. The wastage is not be-
ing repleted to overcome the heavy
sacrifices of life demanded Outside
Of the military official classes the
sentiment is overwhelming that Presi,
dent Wilson's peace plans will prevail
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
SUCCESS CROWNS
Installation HELD
BY LADIES and 40. \.
stalIation Proved to Be the Biggest
Hibernian Affair Ever Held In
Hennepin County. EIks Hall
Too Small to Accommodate
Great Crowd.
STATE OFFICERS WERE IN At.
TENDANCE,

Mrs. Anna Bryant, County President
Ladies' Auxiliary, Opened Meeting
Frank Feeney, County President,
Presided. Mrs. McWhorter, Nation
al President Of Ladies' Auxiliary,
Made Remarkable Speech. Father
o'Brien and Father cIeary Make
Short Speeches.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

Reports say that within the past
few weeks, fifteen priests have been
put in prison in the city of Mexico.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

Cardinal de Cabrirers. Bishop Of
Montpelier France, is the Oldest of
the French Bishops. He is in his
eighty-seventh year.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

Freedom.
We extract the following passages
from a long and important letter which
has been addressed to US by Mr.. F. J.
O'Connor, solicitor, Omagh, one of the
founders Of the Irish Nation League:
The situation of the Irish question
at the present moment and it's pros
poets must give serious concern to all
thoughtful lrishmen. 1t is now cer-
tain that the predominant influence
in tho new British Ministry will be
welded by the group comprising Mr..
Lloyd George (the new Prime Minis
teri, Mr.. Bonar Law and Sir e. Car
son.
THAT the accession Of these states
men to the highest power bodies evil
for Ireland is only too manifest, espe-
cially as ever since the agreement to
carry out the Lloyd George proposals
was entered into by Carson and Red
mond these two Irish leaders have been
in the same boat. With Lloyd George
they are both implicated in and COM
mitted to giving effect to some sort of
patched up settlement of the Irish
question.
Whatever sort of settlement may
be attempted under the new regime it
is pretty certain that it will be ex-
tremely unsatisfactory and bad from
an Irish Nationalist point of view. No
settlement whatever of a temporary
character-subject to review at the
end of the war-should now be enter
tained. To accept anything of this
nature would mean throwing away our
prospect of securing complete self
government. No half measure should
be considered. because at the end of
the war our opportunity will have
gone.
ITO Put Us Off,"
"The great object in the minds of
English Ministers is to put us off with
a form OF sham Home Rule until after
CONTINUED on Page 81
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

Roumania is reported as seeking a
Concordat with the Holy See.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
ENGLAND IS IN FEAR
OF ALL, SOCIAL and
ATHLETIC MEETINGS
Recall Of General Maxwell and Ap-
pointment of Sir Mahan Has Not
Changed Iron Rule Of Britan-Pub-
lie Meetings Are Still Forbidden in
Many Districts.
MARTIAL LAW STILL
SAME IN ENGLAND

Gaelic Football and Hurting Tourna-
ments Cannot Be Held Without Per-
mts and Must Be Under Police Su.
pervision-England Fears Reorgani-
zation Of Irish Secret Societies
Organizers Are Constantly shad-
owed.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20
EVIL IN STORE NOW
The OUTLOOK FOR
The emerald ISLE
New Administration in England 10
Hostile to lreIand-The Only Reason
1t Is Kept From Striking Is Fear Of
Another Rebellion.
IRISHMEN TO MAKE
SUPREME EFFORT

EngIand's Statesmen Will Promise
Anything If 1t Helps Them Out Of
Their Difficulties and Gets Recruits
for the Trenches-circumsta
Calls for Utmost Vigilance on Part
of Irishmen, Loyal to the Cause Of
Freedom.
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

CONTINUED on page 5.)
The Irish standard., 1917-01-20

Continued on Page 81
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1917-08-30

In olden days all paper was mads
by hand, and the Chinese were the
first 20 make it from the wool OF the
cotton plant. Cotton paper first be
came available for the world at the
beginning Of the eighth century. The
first mention of rags papers being
manufa ctured occurred 1122-50 A. D.,
and linen papers made their appear
ance in the fourteenth century, when
raperm aking at length became verl-
table European industry.
The process of making ground
wood discovered in 1s41, caused
ouite a revolution in the manufac-
ture of paper, as up to that tlme
rags only had been used, and IN the
invention, in 1864 Of making suiphlte
pulp from wood, caused an important
innovation, as it brought down the
price of printing paper more tnan
onehalf
PAPER was entirely made by hand
M to the year 1898, the paper ma
chine being invented at that time.
There are many kinds Of paper, but
for purposes of comparison 1t may be
we'll to divide them into three classes,
namely: writing paper, printing pa
per and wrapping paper.
Writing paper. which includes bond
paper. linen paper and lodged paper
sre made from rags, rags and sui
nhite mixed and all sulphite.
Printing papers are made from
bleached wood sulphite, unbleached
wood sulphite, some rags and Old
papers.
unb,eached sulphite, sulphate and old
ropes.
Sulphite is pulp made from Wooe