davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
THE FARMER: MARCH 10, 1917
SlovakS Refuse Use
of Hall to Meeting
to Criticise Wilson

A hornets nest was stirred last
night when the Slovaks Of the city Of
Bridgeport learr-~ that Sf"vak Sokol
hall in Hallett street had been rented
for purposes that would embarrass
the administration and not in har-
mony with their own sentiments.
Stephen Erhardt, supreme president
of the Slovak Sokols, called special
meeting last night repudiating the
motive of the meeting and a motion
was unanimously adopted to cancel
the rental contract, and to permit no
meeting that is not in harmony with
American sentiments.
Renting of Soko1 hall is done
through the janitor, who a few days
ago was approached by the Socialists
to hold a meeting in the hall in Hal.
lett street but the object of the meet
ing was not made known. Last night
circulars describing the object of the
meeting were brought to the attention
Of the Slovak leaders in this city.
The Slovaks throughout the United
States have for the last few months
conducted mass meetings pledgiEs
their support to the President Of the
United States and to Congress. They
are taking an active part in the
American Red Cross campaign. They
have offered their efforts, their money
and have promised their lives to the
defense Of this country.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
GIUSEPPE MAZZINI

Forty-five years ago today Giuseppe
Mazzini breathed his last, and the
Italy which he had '1oved above all
earthly things" and from which he
had several times been driven forth
under sentence of death, was plunged
into mourning. The father of young
Italy" imprisoned and prosecuted
and bounded over Europe during the
greater of his life, emerged from the
shadow of the gallows to become, in
death, the hero of parliament, and
populace. In pronouncing an eloquent
eulogy on the departed patriot as
model of a disinterested and self
denying hero and one who had dedi-
Gated his whole life ungrudgingly to
the cause of his cOuntrys freedom,
the president of the Italian parliament
did not overstate the case. Mazzini
is name that will long endure.
The son of a Genoese physician.
Mazzini first studied anatomy, and
then took up law, but found both dis
tasteful, and soon turned to %litera-
ture. From his mother, he declared,
he inherited republican instincts"
and in his young manhood he joined
the Carbonari and with his pen made
war on the evils under which Italy
groaned. His first imprisonment, in
the fortress of Savona, was for
period of six months. Then he be-
gan his first exile, In France, where
he launched La Giovine Italia
Young Italy-an organization destined
to play a great part in liberating Italy
from Austrian and domestic tyranny
The bold and outspoken pamphlets
Of Mazzini were smuggled into Italy
and soon spread over the land, Great
ing a profound impression. From
France Mazzini was forced to flee to
Switzerland, where he continued to
direct the revolutionary movement.
Under sentence of death passed by
the Sandman government, he fled
from Switzerland to England, where
he found refuge. IN 1848 he re-
turned to Italy and for a short time
bore arms under Garibaldi, but he
soon had to flee to England. In 1870
he sailed for Sicily, but was arrested
and thrown into prison for two
months. At Pisa in 1872 he was sei8-
ed with an attack of pleurisy which
caused his death
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
ARMED MERCHANTMEN

RESIDENT WILSON has determined to merchantmen,
by and with the support of Congress and the country
This creates brand status which will receive the consid
Grafton of neurals and bellgerents. -
private ship armed by its government and provided with
public would in the Of neuals have the sta
ths of public ship Holland according to the mornings
which that armed merchantmen has been turned back
from Holland waters under penalty being nerned enters
public ship ola neutral may not be sunk by begerent
but the other hand it unneura act to carry contra
band such ship.
If armed merchantmen does not take the character of
public Ship raises questions connected with the obligation
warm visit and search If such ship lee resists
ensvely armed it is subject to immediate destruction with all
board.
What constitutes offensive point
gardng which the nations differ But doubtless ship which
sailed with the purpose of resisting and with the Of
resistance and which actually intended to fire at sight upon
submarine would be ship extensively armed
Thus the armed merchantmen the to two the
cries of action.
Such ship may sail to take her chance She meets
marine and sinks it. the submarine sinks she
It is not act of if the submarine is destroyed it is not
an act of war if the merchantmen is destroyed.
Or the American take the position that
unlawful attack has been declared merchant shipping
That the unawuness Of the declared purpose
condones resistance Resistance forbidden only legal and
not to illegal attack Under such theory the sinking of
American armed merchant ship might be act Of
the part of the government responsible
deepening of the trouble with Germany
distant according to the policy of this If the armed
merchantmen has status but of private ship equipped
offense actual war may be distant.
But il the armed vessel public character deemed
to be only deensvely equipped actual may be
The president in his address to Congress- Feb &C. when he
asked for specific authority to merchant ships makes
clear that armed neutrality is the status he in
status of armed neutrality change into condition
Of actual hostility whenever there actual offer
such as submarine attack armed merchantmen
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
VACCINATION STATISTICS

HE NAIVETE of medical statistics relating to vaccination
is exhibited in the interesting provaccination argu
ments of distinguishabe medical editor recently offered
1t there ship with three unvaccnated persons
it, and all the rest vaccnated The three had
smallpox, and Of the others There facts except
that Whether the three had it. persons likely
it, as being in contact, uncTean, or the like
Disease is not impartial It takes and others
It is not that vaccinated persons smallpox
the midst of unvaccinated ones, who do have it.
Such figures meaningless when they stand alone The
truth about vaccination
tics claim that vaccinated people do not
terly against the evidence Il
Germany well vaccinated country prior to 1870 par
culary to Prussia and Bavaria yet in Prussia in
there died of smallpox 12 948 all vaccnaed In Ber
lin epidemic there 2O391 of which per
cent vaccnaed Bavaria 1874 there cases
957 per cent vaccinated
Germany after this epidemic adopted isolation
sanitary precautions and has complete mastery
smallpox.
In Japan Italy, India and among all the nations earth
thousands annually have smallpox and thousands die with
marks of repeated vaccinations thickly upon them
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
ZEPPELIN

* CUNT ZEPPELIN lived to his life work accepted
~ great balloons not successful g weapon as
their inventor hoped AS for scouting aid
to naval scouting they useful than anybody
posed they would be- Evidence lacking to upon their
value They have not accomplished the
age that anticipated They probably have established
balance in their favor in the respect Of requiring
tio resources of enemy that
II operate them. sst<
The Allies have been obliged to raise and maintain costly
arshp DEFENSE and to retain very considerable portion
their power, to operate il.
The full measure of the military of the Zeppelin
necessarily established 1t may yet appear element
naval combat aside from scouting This does not appear
probable as it did at the beginning of the war
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
Soldiers Are Sleeping
In "Nissen Beds" Now

Toronto March 1O.-A recent inven-
ton adding to the comfort of the
British and Canadian field forces at
the French front is described in dis
patch received here today from Lon
don. 1t is known as "the Nissen hut. :"
a semi circular shelter with the ap-
pearance Of gigantic bit Of stove
pipe half buried in the earth and con-
tanning doors and windows. There Is
room for rs men in each. A thousand
of these huts are under order. The
convenience OF transportation and the
speed with which they can be erected
enable men hitherto forced to sleep in
the open during an advance to obtain
shelter. Already the hut is the SUBJ
ject Of an army song, "Put Me in My
Little Nissen Ted
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
RECKLESS JITNEUR'S
LICENSE SUSPENDED

Secretary of State Perry at hear
ing held yesterday afternoon in the
county courthouse suspended the IL
cense Of Nicholas Titanitis, convicted
in the city court of reckless driving
at Barnum and Noble avenues last
month. Passengers in the jitney
which Titanitis was driving declared
he speeded at such a rate that the
machine skidded and turned over.
None of the passengers was seriously
injured. Secretary Perry said Titani-
tbs could hardly speak English and
was therefore not fit person to run
a jitney. He said he would take the
matter up again If Titanitis could
show he had learned to talk better
English.
Stephen Juchnik Of 46 Water street
and George ]. O'Brien Of 465 Gregory
street were summoned but failed to
appear so their licenses stand sus-
pended until the next hearing, which
will be in April.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
THE IRON CROSS

{ More than half a million Iron
Crosses have been conferred by the
German government since the begin
ming Of the war. The German news
papers last September announced
that the number conferred up to that
time was 100000, of which number
420, 900 were Of the second class.
Each cross weighs eighteen grams,
about two-thrids of an ounce, and
half Of the metal is cost iron and half
silver. On the basis Of the Septem-
Der figures, $50 hundredweights of
metal and eighty-seven miles of rib
bon had been used in the awards. 1t
Is said that the crosses cost little
more than two dollars each, including
all the costs of manufacture and dis
tribution and investigation Of those
recommended for the honor. AS 1t is
practically certain that the half mil
lion mark has been passed, this means
that the Kaiser's government has
spent at least a million dollars in thus
recognizing acts Of bravery.
The Iron Cross, order was instituted
104 years ago today, March 10, 1913,
by Frederick William III of Prussia,
to honor patriotic bravery of Teu-
tons in the Napoleonic wars. 1t was
revived by emperor William L LII lLlo
Franco-Prussian war, and was be-
slowed on 4S,574 German warriors of
all classes OF these 1904 were
crosses of the first class, the re-
mainder being second rate honors
Soon after the beginning of hostil-
tiles in the present war, William IL,
following the precedent of his grand
father, Reconstructed the order, anad
thus initiated the most lavish distri-
button Of war baubles the world has
ever witnessed.
Not a few Iron Crosses, captured
along with their wearers or taken
from the dead, are now being worn
by the soldiers of the Allies. Many
Of those who haven't been fortunate
enough to get one of the genuine arti-
Gle now sport imitation Iron Crosses
mostly bur1esques of the real article
and bearing inscriptions not at all
lattering to the Kaiser. These bogus
iron Crosses have also enjoyed a con-
siderable sale on this side of the At
lantic.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
WEST SIDE CAMPAIGN
TO BEGIN TOMORROW

The big evangelistic campaign by
the United West Side churches, un-
der the leadership Of Rev. Milton S.
Rees, DID,, Of Rochester, N. Y, will
open at the Casino, tomorrow after
noon, when a mammoth mass meet
ing for men will be held at 3 o'clock.
The city Y. M. G. A. has agreed to
merge it's Sunday afternoon meeting
in the union effort Of the churches,
and one Of the largest and most en-
thusiastic meetings for men ever held
in the city is predicted.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
COST OF PATENTED PAVEMENT

THE REQUEST Of the Boston Finance Commission Guy
c. Emerson, its consulting engineer has transmitted to
the City Council estimate of the cost of producing Warren
Brothers patented pavement tuthc which expen
type than that sold in Bridgeport under the
rane Mr. Emerson obtained samples of the pavement laid
~ varlos cities by Warren Brothers. them into their
and estimated the cost of producing laying
materials according to prices current in Boston.
This cost figured at less than 81 cents per square yard
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
NORWAY TO CONSERVE
INDUSTRIAL SUPPLIES

London, March 10.-The Norwegian
government has proposed to the coun-
ell Of state to authorize the king to
create a department of industrial sup
ply, according to a Christiania dis
patch to Reuters. The proposed de-
partment would deal with questions
concerning Industrial organizations
and the production Of the country in
view of the circumstances that are in
terfering with Norway's import trade.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
Vitalic
Tires

A tire that has made good
in some 20 of our chain of
stores and now adopted by
the 50 stores.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10

Max Kellener, steward on the in
termed liner ,Vaterland, who fell from
a window of the New Grand Hotel
Thursday night, died at Bellevue hos
pital
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
SMALLPOX IN LYME.

Lyme, March 10-Three new cases
f smallpox broke out here today. The
asses have all been traced to a case
which developed several days ago.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10

A membership on the Philadelphia
took Exchange was sold for $4,000.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10
as follows :

These figures Mr.. Emerson says do not take into
count such adverisng canvasng for petitions,
hotel expenses, entertainments and the like
When Bridgeport pays average of 1852 for pavement
which be produced and laid under IS CENTS somebody is
negligent Of the interests Of the city, and much interest is
uray attracted to that item Of which Mr. Emerson has
described under hotel expenses and other adj
vanages concevably given to the right people.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10

;rmer Want Ads. One Cent a Wore
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10

Green is the color in
evidence at the Candy
Section. st. Patrick s
Favors are unique and
very pretty.
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10

process in comp osition die making enables
to give you the high class work you would get
by paying $500 $500 for steel die and you get the
stationery embossed with your monogram. The
stationery includes box of 12 sheets of paper 12
spondence cards and ~ envelopes
The Bridgeport evening farmer. [volume] (Bridgeport, Conn.) 1866-1917, 1917-03-10

on display, and there is
time now for leisurely
selection.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-05
U-SOAT
WARFARE IMPORTANT
German Newspapers Adducc Figures
Regarding Imports OF FoOdstuffs
and War Materials.

Berlin. via Sayville, Feb. An en-
phaslzing the economic Importance OF
unrestricted U-boat warfare German
newspapers adduce figures regarding
tho imports d4rng the present war In
foodstuffs and war materials by Eng
land and her allies.
England|thca figures show, export
o. IN 1915 a monthly average - four
million toms of coal, while in 1916 she
imported only 100000 tons of coal.
This decrease was caused by the short
asc In tho tonnage.
OF this amount England promised
France 100000 tons as a necessary
minimum As matter OF fact she
WAS able 10 ship to France only 1900
o0a tons. France" says leading Ber-
lin editors. "is living from hand to
mouth. all stock having vanished"
The Goa, question. however. is the
most important for France for the
added reason that coal IS needed IN
the manufacture Of ammunition.
Italy obtained ia 1916 about three
hfth OF tho shipments of the Engli3.l
coal she had received in 1915.
As for tho iron ore England In
1912 produced II zoe, geo tons and Inn
ported almost 600 o0o tons. During
the hrsi ten months of 1915 the inv
portauon amounted TO 5000. oaa tons,
one million tons OF which arc virtually
eliminated. since greater quantities are
needed for the production OF war ma
terra.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-05
SHIP OFFICERS DECLARE
SEAS ALMOST DESERTED
sses"ets ArrsSt~s Herr Report MARKED
scss~,'s ~ sAspvinw A,ewa
rwwe~sea sea lrr~s.

New York, Feb, Marked scarcity
Of shipping along the Travelled sea
lanes was reported late today bv OH.
GERS of the White star line p,esmship
Cedric. which arrived here from liver.
pool, and the scandinavian. American
line steamship Frederic ViII. from
Copenhagen. Officers OF both phipA
reported that the seas were aprsrent.
ly deserted.
From the Cedric not single ship
OF any kind was seen between Liver.
pool and this port. the officers Kaia
and from tho Fredcrik NtIl, the only
vessel sighted after leaving ktrkwan
was II sailing ship one day out OF New
York
In her voyage from Copenhagen the
Frederik VII. which had Ia paasen.
gers aboard. had more than her share
of north Atlantic winter weather
After leaving Copenhagen she ran
into streams so violent that she was
forced to run into Christsana, where
she wax held up for three days before
the weather cleared sufficiently for
her to resume her voyage safely. At
kirkwall she was detained one day.
Her mails were taken OFF. but none of
h.r passengers was molested
Several passengers who were to leave
for Bordeaux on board the steamship
Rochambeau Of the French line today
cancelled their reservations. but the
greater part Of a long first cabin list
eere on board at the time Of the yes
sci to start
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-05
UNITED STATES FLAG
CONTINUED From First rage)

end south 81 the ynres salient After
arumfre a; midnight Saturday. Ger
rnAn positions north Of the Arcre
or the Somrae front were attacked
and clese TO the banks Of The river
an advs rec trench was take North
Of Beaufort tt-e Gttac KS were renn!sed.
In the region Of Trary-le-NAI be
tween ire Aysne and The Disc tho
French Taide5 3 position and returned
with twenty-five prisoners. German
patrols acre active south or Nerdun
about s. Michel and Pont-Au- Hous-
son.
The Germans still hold the trenches
captured on Hill 3A4. west of Nerduu.
ARTILLERY engagements are reported at
neadman hill and {4ardremont The
lines are dormant in the Dobrudla
and Moldayia. In Macedonia some
skirmishes occurred north Of Mon
aStir
In Northern Russia several German
attacks near kalnzen highway. west
of Riga were finally repulsed by Rus
sian infantry. assisted by armored
motor cars, On the far away Tisris
and Mesopotam British troops. in
the course OF several days fighting
advanced several hundred yards and
took IS prisoners
That the TURKS still have plenty of
fight left in them was shown by their
vigorous counter attack. in which they
recaptured part OF their lost position.
On the Italian front there arc oc-
casional BON bardments high up among
the ice-covered mountains and in the
Gorilla sector on the Isonzo
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-05
OBITUARY
Little BOY Dies.

The numerous friends of MIR. and
Mrs. Charles Fl. Parkinson. of Dolphin,
brunswick county. Va. will sympa-
thize with them deeply in the death
of their youngest child, Henry Cabbell.
which occurred last evening. after the
short illness Of only four days from
pneumonia; terminating into spinal
meningitis. Little Cabbell was only
eight months old. but was among the
community's best known and most be-
loved babies, Little hope was enter
tanned for hts recovery from the time
he developed pneumonia. though Drs.
Osborne and Mann. with the assistance
of the most careful nursing did every
thing within their power to restore his
strength. The bright little fellow.
clinging tenaciously to the barest
threads. remained conscious until near
the time the angels waited his little
spirit on high. How mother will miss
the loving attentions and soft cling
ing arms. father the little welcome.
sunny smiles ana little brothers their
playmate. but. oh! how beautiful to
give gifts unto the Lord!
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-05
EAST TENNESSEE rs
IN GRIP OF BLIZZARD

Morrtstown. Tenn. Feb. 4.--East
Tennessee is in the grip OF blizzard
that is driving through the mountains
al the rate OF sixty miles an hour
today. Damage is already believed to
be great. No casualties had been re-
ported early tonight but grave fears
are felt that farm houses have been
blown away in the valleys and that
the occupants without shelter Will
perish in the storm. No storm of
such magnitude has ever been record
ed In this section. The snowfall is
already heavy and great drifts of
snow are piling up in wagon roads.
Railroad traffic Is impeded, The tenn
perature, already at the freezing point.
is failing rapidly.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-02-05
TWO

January 2S. to Bordeaux.
Dutch--Ryndam, New York, jan
nary 81. to Rotterdam.
Norwegian--Berge ST jord, New
York. January 81, TO Bergen.
West Bound Steamships.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS from Liver
pool. January 81, to New York; New
York. due TO leave Liverpool Febru-
Nry 3. but is not known whether she
actually sailed or not.
The British and French governments
do not allow the publication of sail
ings
The following American freighters
are known to be in the war zone today .
Navshoe, from New York. January rs,
for Genoa
vlrginian, from New York. January
-. for Marseiiles.
Plymouth, from Alexandra. January
is. to Baltimore.
German seam~n ConHned.
The crews of all the German steam
ers in the harhor were ordered today
confined to their vessels until further
orders. The customs officers guard
ing the various piers SIT which they
are moored were considerably strength
ened by squads 81 plain clothes police
men and deIschmen $ from the neutral
lily squad TO enforce this order.
II was officially announced that this
Oeep was taken preliminary 10 the de-
termina t,on of thc status OF the crews
b, Ghc immigration authorities
Ths ave large German ships affected
are the Hamburg, PriuE Eitel Fried
erich. Prinz Joachim koeute Wilhelm
IL and Alleuanis.
Shortly after this immigration off
etais arrived at every pier at which n
German vessel was tied and TONED the
guard