davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
.. 8. To uss Water Power.

Washington, Nov. 22.--Water pow
or development to save vast quanti'
ties, will go before congress as one
Of the chief recommendations in Pres
ident Wilson's second war message
II was learned Secretaries Lane
Baker, and Houston have nearly
neached an agreement on the proposed
legislation. Enough energy to ruE
all the nations industries, railroads
and. mines is stfil locked up due e
differences between private interests
and conservationtsts ON -proper ternl
Of development
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
TEuTs FAIL TO STOP ALLIES
Admit Loss Of Ground on Flanders
Front.

Berlin, Nov. 22.-The supplementary
report from general headquarters says
There was lively artillery activity at
Poelcapelle and Passchendaele (Fla1
ders). In the region between the
roads leading from Bapaume and
Peronne toward Cambria, the British
attacked with strong forces and
gained ground. Our counter measures
are in full swing.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
ARE SPOILIpG FOR fight
PeriShing's Men in Trenches I'm
patient for Action.
Samries Have Settled Down to Work
Like Veterans--GeneraI Has
Narrow Escape.

With the American Army i'm France,
Nov. 22.-The rain has ceased fer sew.
eral days and the American artillery
and infantry are dry once more.
Correspondents visiting the imme-
date front found the Americans had
taken advantage of the rainless wealth
er and were deyoting all their en-.
ergies to changing. as they put. it,
Germans into casualties" They are
not letting single opportunity slip to
drop a shell or send machine gun and
rifle bullets where the enemy is seen
or where he even is suspected Of be-
ing. They are as cool and methodical
as ii they had been doing nothing
else than fighting throughout their
| lives
Narrow Escape For General.
A German shell fell through the
roof OF the chateau in which an Am
erican regimental headquarters is es-
tablished The shell exploded but no
one was hurt Two other shells ex-
ploded nearby. An American briga-
I dier general had a narrow escape In
! the same town, an earlier shell ex-
ploding and scattering stones and mud
on his automobile.
Leave Lunch to "Pip" Foe.
One group in the drst line trenches
had just sat down to salmon sand.
wiches and coffee when they jumped
up and cut loose with automatic
rifles at Germans who were discov-
cred hanging out clothes on wire
in battered village. They saw the
enemy dive for cover like rabbits, ard
/ then they went on with their meal as
If nothing had happened.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
4. + + 4. + + + 4. - 4. 4. I. 4.
PERSHlNG SEES HUNS
Defeated IN FRANCE

British Army Headquarters
In France, Nov. 22.--General
Pershing. commander Of the
American forces In France. was
present at the British headquar'
ters as the guest of Field Mar
shal Haig, the British com-
nlsnder to witness the British
offensive. The American conn
rnander followed the battle with
the deepest interest.
= - = - = 4 = Z = = = .
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22

Chicago. Nov. GA bomb was dis
covered on the floor OF the parcel post
room In the federal building, start
lng federal agents on . seach for its
owner and an explanation OF how 1t
came there. A fuse 16 inches long
wrapped around the cover burned
slowly when It was detached for In
spection and a-powder with which II
vas paoksd em1tted p nauseAting gas.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
u-eoat Sunk; Had Torpedoed chip.

Paris, Nov. PA German sub
marine was destroyed when the
French steamship Medic. with car.
60 of munitions, was torpedoed in
the Western Mediterranean on Sep:
tember %, with a loss OF $50 lives.
says dispatch from Aleiers to the
Journal The liner Biskra was pro.
ceeding with a convoy or Freach
and British steamers. among which
was tho Medic, leading. the line Ths
Medide was torpedoed Without warn
ing before she was able to bring her
gunb To bear on the submarine.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22

Lcndon, Nov. a. Eighty thousand
persons have been hanged In Austris-
Hungary since the beginnine Of the
war for poliGical o. racial opposition
to- the government pacidst activities
and separatist propaganda, according
10 estimates here.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22

Cleveland Nov. ~. Hurting red
pepper into the eyes of the factory
superintendent guarding the pay roll,
three armed bandits held up two pay
clerks at the Ven Dorm Iron works
and escaped in an automobile with
between $4,000 and $4,000. Detec-
tive Racey of Ashtabula county later
notified Cleveland police that two men
were seen and recognized speeding
eastward.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22

Rome, Nov. 22.-Because of the dis.
advantageous battle-ground offered
along the Piave river, a further STRAIT.
egic retirement of Italian forces may
be necessary, according to reliable in.
formation.
As yet none of the French and Brit.
ish reinforcements have gone into &C
tion.
All Spirit of Diseord Gone.
Italian troops single-handedly are
bearing the burden of the Teutonic as.
sault. They are holding firm and In
flicting terrible casualties on the enc
my Their morale is the best probably
1t has ever been.
So also is the spirit here In Rome
The public supports the war as never
before. All fruits of Italy's two years
of strife have now been swept away;
a dread enemy reaches ever forward
seeking her most treasured posses
sions of art and industry. But the In
ternal dissensions which Germany
craftily hoped to tart has never ap
peared.
German Treachery Fails.
The enemy won his first blow by
treachery in the army and in the civ
ilian population, then the sudden over
whelming spectacle of perfectly equip
ped Teutonic armies made Italian Off
GERS lose their heads. Germany play
ed for revolution in Italy. like tha
she aided in Russia. She will nevel
attain that hope.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
MAY AYFORCEPIAvEfRONT
Teutons Move About To Cause
Further Retirement.
battle-ground Disadvantaoecus 10
italian Nation Determined
Reinforcements Not In Action.

London, Nov. 22.-The British
forces In Palestine have now ad-
vanced five mites northwest Of Jeru-
salem, the war office announces.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
RUSSIA QUITS;
EUROPE HEARS
Reported to Have Left Ranks OF
Allies and viii Conclude
Separate Peace.
U. S. CUTS OFF SUPPLIES
No Goods to Be Allowed Shipped to
Russia Until sIsaation Clears
BoIsheviki Faction Is
Barred.

Washington, Nov. 22.-Swedish
press reports on the situation in Rus
sia, received by the state department
said General Kaledines was moving
against Moscow where 5000 persons
were reported to have been killed in
riots.
Leaves BelIigerent Ranks.
London, Nov. 22.-"The National
Tidendes Berlin correspondent learns
Indirectly that the new Russian gov
ernment has officially declared that
it has left the ranks of the belliger-
ents and is ready to conclude sep
arate peace" is the text of Copen-
hagen dispatch to the Exchange Tele-
graph company.
To Withdraw From War.
Stockholm, Nov. 22.-The Alton
Tidingen claims to have learned
through diplomatic channels that Rus
sia will shortly withdraw from official
participation in the war.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1917-11-22
Haig Drives Foe Back Five
Miles In Cambrai
Region.
MOVE SURPRISES HUNS
Tanks And Allied Infantry Appear
Suddenly Without Artillery Prep
aration-Foe Losses
Enormous.

Haig has broken the Hindenburg line.
about 35 miles between st. Quentin
and the River Scorpe, the British
commanderin-chie reports his troops
have smashed their way for dis
tance of between four and five miles
through the first defenses of the
vaunted Hindenburg defenses.
The second line-more than a mile
behind the preliminary defenses -
was also stormed by the victorious
Tommies
Tanks battered down the German
defenses, crumbled away some of the
artfully contrived German cement
emplacements and ponderously drove
forward, in advance of the artillery.
Cambrai Almost In Grasp.
Cambrai is now almost in the hands
of the British
The Importance of the victory can.
not as yet be fully, estimated.
Not only has the Hindenburg line
been penetrated and at least two of its
lines utterly destroyed, but the Brit
fish now directly menace the main
German line of Communications
Douai. Cambrai and ST. Quentin.
Surprise Is Complete.
The surprise of the British drive
coupled with its overpowering force
was so complete and the German de
morafzation so utter that official re
ports did not attempt TO estimate the
number of prisoners taken nor the
quantity of guns, supplies. and ammu
milton.
The attack was begun without artil
lery preparation. Field Marshal Hais
reported that his great blow, aimed
suddenly on the Arras-St. Queatif
line, had gained this great victory
lover the whole front"
Advance Five Miles.
British assaulting waves passed
through the German lines to a depth O
between four and FIVE miles, over {
very wide front.
Thousands of prisoners and a grea
number of guns were taken.
British troops must now be within
oi6ut vi Sdluuidls S4uNC rOclOIC tn'
drive the old lines were only eigh
miles distant from there.
There was every evidence that thu
enemy was utterly paralyzed by thu
tremendous force of the British blow
no less than its surprise. There hat
been no fighting of any magnitude OF
the Arras-St Quentin sector sine,
early in the summer.
Biggest Gain Since Marne.
In many ciEcles here the victor.
was hailed as perhaps the most I'M
portant military stroke achieved b.
the Allies since the battle OF tn
Marne
Actual penetration of the Hinder
burg line, which Germany has boast
ed was completely impregnable an
which her militarists have led tn
people to believe would forever ba
the allied progress, may be expects
to have powerful effect on Germa,
morale in the field and at home. :
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
People Must Share
in Land Holdings

This will be unduly severe upon
the property holding classes Of the
defeated countries. So far as the
existing volume of war bonds is con-
cerned, the cancellation of these
bonds will merely deprive the war
investors Of what they should never
have had. The common people have
been Offering up their wages and
their lives. The men with income to
spare should have contributed their
incomes-conscription applying to in
come as drastically as to life. So,
likewise, with such further payments
as are necessary to the reinstate-
ment of peace, irrespective of the
fact that the war was primarily the
war Of the wealthy and powerful
classes of Germany. These response
BILE classes must discharge the debt
now, else the future taxpayers must
do it in their stead. The plan pro-
posed is merely that the German
masses assume the debt in the form,
not Of taxation, but of purchase
money advanced in the acquisition Of
their economic and political indie
pendence.
Better founded may seem the OBJ
lection that not merely real estate
properties, but property in general,
in Germany should undergo expro-
priation-the commercial and indus
trial wealth-so far as the invalidat-
ing of the German public debt falls
short Of working out the end pro-
posed, or as the appropriation Of real
estate properties should turn out to
be inadequate. The method with this
extension would be merely to sell on
the same instalment basis the bust
nesses or the corporate securities
representing them. This. however,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

general level of prices rises and falls
was so simple that almost any child
could be made to understand it. Be-
for | state it | am going to give
little illustration which sets the thing
out very clearly.
Most of the things we eat and use,
the wheat and -four, meat and vege-
tables. coal and iron and all the rest
have TO be transported from one
place TO another before they reach us.
That takes a certain number of cars
aud trucks and wagons, but the num-
her depends on the speed at which
they move. Take a railroad train,
for example. If it can move forty
miles a day it is obvious that the
same number of cars can carry twice
the amount of goods than as if it
could run only twenty miles. Every
thing depends upon the speed, or as
the professors say, the velocity.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
WHY THE, COST OF LIVING MAY
DOUBLE IN NEXT TWO YEARS
Policy of Financing War by o Carried Out Will Cause Another
Great Rise Prices Spite Of All Attempts at Control and the
Same Time the Governments War Bill May Be Twice
arqe as Would Be Under Sound Financial Programme

reserve against their deposits, both
for daily needs and as protection
to the depositors in case people get
excited and demand their money.
This reserve must be in gold, so that
every gold dollar may act as reserve
or protection against five or six
dollars of deposits. But this is not
all. The very large part of all de-
posits are created by bank loans
actually so per cent or more, so that
The actual currency" with which the
business of the nation is carried on
is created by bank loans. And the
banks strive to make these loans just
as large as possible in order that
their funds may be employed to the
largest extent consistent with safety.
The result was that an addition OF
billion dollars to the gold fund OF
the country made possible an actual
currency expansion of some five or
six billions. And this is just what
took place.
The actual amount of this bank
currency-that is, the total of bank
deposits subject to check at the be-
ginning of the war-was a little over
nine billions. 1t is now between thir-
teen and fourteen billions, or an in
crease of nearly so per cent. This
means that, the quantity of goods
sold remaining about the same, prices
would be increased by a correspond
ing 30 per cent.
But this is not all the effect of this
new gold. An almost equal effect
was to tremendously whip up bust
ness in certain lines and stimulate
trade in every direction. This could
only mean goods and money passing
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
GERMAN WEALTH OWNERS
MUST PAY WAR BILLS
Pson1e # Central Powers, Economist Says Will Be Benefited
Land Holders, the Rich and Ruling Classes Are Made
RESPONSIBLE for Full Indemnity

would mean that the ultimate diree.
ton in German industry and com.
merce would rest with an exterior
ownership; else the pledge would IN.
evitably lack something in its quslit,
OF security.
The recurrent objection that tn
war may not end in an Entente vie.
tory, or may at all events fall stort
of the victory 10 make these peaet
terms possible, is not accurately %
the point. The argument assume
for it's purpose the ability to impox
such terms as are ideally desirable
in the interests both Of justice ant
Of an enduring peace basis Of
adjustment which shall not only
bankrupt the present rulers Of Ges.
many, but which, By safeguariirs
the welfare Of the German people d
large, will enlist their support fsr
the fulfilment and the permanenee Of
the terms. 1t is no small item IN
the future welfare Of the German
people not only that they be free
Of the war debt and its attendaat
taxes. but also that the PRODUCTIVE
energies of Germany be Reinforced
through the compulsory participants
Of the land owners and governing
classes in the business Of earning a
liyip0
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
Cotton in Brazil

Al. Moreau Gottschalk. uniteo
Consul General az Rio de Jshs,,r
enthusiastic over the prospect % 20
vival of the cotton growing lno mus b
Brazil lie calls attention 20 ~ ~
that the republic is the origlnAI =; .
Of one OF the parent eottohs .oa,y
world. Cotton thrives IN tne 81, 80 .
when skil'fully cultivated. put "a =
dustry has thus far been negles .SI -
others more profitable. The eon sSs,
eral advances a strong point wn .a-,
says that a by-produet Oh tn-w<
industry-cottonseed oil ea.s ,.ss>
be a great help TO the cotton n
San Francisco Argonsut
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
Most Payments
Made by Check

So far the matter was very simple.
But those who know anything about
the subject at all will at once object
that the greater part of the business
of the country is not done with actual
money, gold, coin or silver or bank
notes, but by means of checks.
Actually it has been computed that
more than nine-tenths Of all the
transactions of trade are by means
of checks and not, as we say, for
cash" So it will be asked: What
possible effect could even a billion of
new gold have upon the business
of a country when that business
amounted TO perhaps 1--WE or six hun
drsd billions?
The reason ia simply this, The
ksa L.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

still be true that it was not the war
of the French peasant or the English
artisan. But, even though the war
was in truth the crime Of Germany
in the large, people misled, mis-
taught and deluded by their leaders,
there is no occasion to make the Ger
man people pay for it, but only their
ruling classes, their Junkers, their
bankers. their bureaucrats, their
military leaders.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
German Debt Might
Become a Blessing

Become a Blessing
The first essential in the terms Of
a peace with victory should be the in
validating Of the German debt--not
merely the war debt, but the entire
German debt-as the first instalment
of penalty upon the ruling classes of
the German Empire. 1t is, in fact,
clear that some one must now or later
intervene between the German tax
payer and the German holder Of the
debt of Germany, or life will be UNI
bearable and a peaceful government
impossible in the German realm. The
interest on the German debt will
alone total something like billion
dollars a year-$70 per family OF
the German population--a total in
terest burden adequate to support in
idleness two million German families
on per annum income of $500. The
next important step will De the ex-
preparation of the German wealth
owners, and especially Of the land
lord class, through the sale of their
holdings to the German peasant and
the German artisan on long time
amortization terms--the annual pay
ments less than the rent and taxes to
which the German masses must
otherwise submit.
The net result Of this policy, no
matter what are the details of its
working out, would be that the fiscal
burdens of the Entente peoples would
be so far discharged by revenues col
lected out of the rent rolls Of German
land, rather than from the taxpayers
Of the Entente nations. These collec-
tions would take the form Of pur-
chase money payments made in &C
quiring the properties of which the
ruling classes of Germany were dis
possessed. Not the taxpayer of Ger
many, therefore, but only the prop
ertied classes of Germany, would be
made to settle the account. In essen
tials the peasants and artisans
would be merely paying in install
ments for properties set aside to be
theirs. The taxpayers of the victor
nations would thus become for time
the landlords Of Germany in place of
the present land owners-the rents
accruing to the benefit Of new class
of recipients as substitute for the
taxes which the taxpayers of the En-
tente countries must otherwise bear.
Even with the addition of an amor
tization element in the payment, the
terms Of holding and Of ultimate ac-
quisition could be made less burden
some to the peasant and the artisan
than are now the burdens Of rents
and taxes, to say nothing Of the war
interest taxes to be added. There is,
therefore, no need that the war be
made to add to the hardships Of their
lot. The terms of settlement may
instead carry with them measure
of blessing. Over "a per cent Of the
agricultural lands of Germany are
in holding of more than fifteen
acres.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28

leaders in banking and finance edu-
Gated up to the modern theory Vi
money. We did not have 1t, ana we
know the result. But the eVii does
not stop here.
As If a 100 per cent rise in two
wears had not wrought enough DIS
comfort and injustice, it is actually
proposed now to push this imitation
still further. And the machinery has
been created whereby this could be
done to a quite appalling extent
This is due to the new amendments
TO the Federal Reserve act which
were passed last June. The erect
of these upon our financial system
and upon the probable course OF busi-
ness in the next few years purpose
70 discuss in a succeeding article.
Meanwhile, we have to observe tnat
the country's banks, as a whole, are
not loaned up to anything like their
-capacity. Even under the old system
and under the older reserves, exist
ing before the new Federal Reserve
system was created, it would now be
possible for the banks to increase
their loans by at least 10 per cent
without reaching a danger point. In
other words, they could themselves
row expand their loans by something
like billion and hall dollars. And
we have the singular spectacle OF
the governor Of the principal Federal
Reserve Bank urging that this be
done, to an extent not named, in
order to forward the new Liberty
I Bond Loan.
England Unfortunate
Experience
How short-sighted is all this is
evident from the fact that rising
prices inevitably create q tendency
to extravaganza of every kind; as
witness the purchase of perhaps two
billion dollars worth of automobiles
since the war began, and the con-
.inued manufacture Of pleasure
vehicles at the rate Of perhaps more
tban n million n wear
1t is an old axiom that money is
saved in bad times and spent in good
times" When every one is apparent
ly making money, and money rates
are high, people are in no mood to
save their funds to buy government
1 per cents. And so the bond sales
lag. This is what England has
learned to its cost, and the result
has been, as THE Economist" of Lon
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
The Nickel Is Out of Date

Il is announced by the press of one
OF the large cities in the United States
that its and 10 cent stores are 10 be
supplemented with 25-cent stores. This
looks very much as if, in the course
of time, the old-fashioned and once
popular dollar store would and les way
aeiAneA xAnitAL
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-28
Gold Should Be
Demobilized

But it may be asked how, if prices
result from the working of these
broad general forces, could they have
been prevented from rising at such
a tremendous rate as in the last two
years? The answer is very easy.
We have lately had from the Presi-
dent an appeal to all the state banks
and trust companies to toin the Fed
eral Reserve system, in order to
mobilize" the nations gold. OF the
effect of this | shall speak in another
article. AS a war measure, it may
be highly commendable. Put the way
TO stop prices from rising is not to
mobilize" but demobilize the gold, or
refuse it outright, as, for example,
the scandinavian countries have done.
II, for example, the government
could have found a way to attract
10 the treasury and sequester the
DllllOil VI Eplu HlllCH CdiiIc W Us, lilS
rise in prices resulting from the
European war would have been err
tremely slight. The government
could have issued bonds for billion
dollars and simply have put away
the gold in its vaults, for need at
some future time. Or, if such a
policy could not secure the consent
of the acute and highly informed
minds which direct financial legis-
lation in Congress, the government
might have exchanged its notes, pos
sibly at a slight premium, against
this gold and put it away. These
notes could have been LEGAL tender,
but not available as bank reserves.
There could have been, therefore, no
such tremendous initiation Of bank
credits. bank deposits and checkable
currency as has taken place.
This Is what would have been done
u Va had had an Administration and