davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07
Peasants Implicitly
Trusted the Gar

The peasants trusted the Gar; they
were convinced that the Gar was a
kind master of Russia who had TO main
tain an army 10 defend her from enc
mics, and that the peasants had 10 till
the land, pay taxes, for the maintenance
Of the army. They thought that the
Gar loved his people and took care Of
them, and, If officials did Cypress the
people sometimes, il was due 10 the fact
that they deceived the Car And If the
Gar were only to learn the whole truth
he would drive out the officials and
again become loving father 10 his
people.
Such were the beliefs Of the peasants
about the Gar. In spite Of 1t all, con-
tinued TO tell them the real truth about
the Car, explaining TO them that the
Gar knows Of all the expressions and
is in charge OF every one Of the OPP
pressors. The peasants would say that
/ was mistaken, but, nevertheless, lis
tened to my arguments, and not one Of
them insulted me with vulgar language.
was not alone in the tramp from
village to village. Three thousand
youths went 70 the people at that time,
spreading all over the thirty-six prov
inces Of Russia, and VIC all talked to the
people on the same subject; we all en-
deavored TO arouse the people TO good,
free life. However. the government
soon discovered our activities and be-
gan 20 arrest many, imprisoning, ex'
ling TO hard-labor settlements and 70
Siberia.
was arrested entirely by accident
in 1874 was covering" the prov
inces Of Kieff, Podolia, Tchernigoff and
Kherson, and had b. my bag detailed
maps Of these localities, in order to
know my way and avoid arousing sus-
picion by questions. Whenever !
stopped in the village cabins no peasant
would ever look into my bag, and thus
no one could ever find out who I was.
But once, while stopping in Tulchin.
the Province Of POdolia, the woman-la
borer Of the peasant who gave shelter
TO me looked into my bag and discov-
cred the maps there.
To an illiterate person every printed
word was rarity, especially in those
days 10 will be understood, of course,
that the lsborer was shocked by her
discovery. The same day she went to
do some gardening for the sheriff and
told him everything The sheriff be
came alarmed and hurried of to look
for me.
And !, without suspecting anything,
WAS at the time returning from the
market. where | purchased a couple of
apples. some pork and bread.
Suddenly ! saw the sheriff racing
toward me in carriage, shouting:
Get into the carriage"
Well, I understood Immediately what
the trouble was got into the car
riage and kept still.
We arrived at the cabin. Where is
the luggage Of this woman" The pea
SAINT replied: "She has no luggage, but
size has a bag"
The bag was examined and what
could they find in it but maps and
proclamations? Clearly, my case was
closed.
The sheriff was rather inexperi-
enced, simple minded, 30 he unfolded
the proclamations and started 10 read
them aloud before the whole crowd.
The peasants, after listening TO them,
said:
These are the real words The
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07
Austro- Cermans Grind Serbs,
Czechs and Poles to Death
People of Three Nations Starved and Hanged in bache'
Women Flogged and Chained-Had Hoped tor
United States Aid in Balkans

son. hanged him before his fatheT'
eyes, and then finished the execution
OF The shuddering old man.
Invited to Executions
In Nostar, every morning drum
mer went through the streets calling
the population 70 the executions in the
market place. Those who did not wish
70 90, or who hid their faces from tn
sights, we're among those 20 be killed
on the following day.
In one town in Bosnia ffty-three n1c1
we're condemned 20 1873 years OF in
prsonment and were fined fourteen
million crowns. A Serbian crown .
worth abou. % cents American. Pros
ecutlons Of schooboys and college stu
dents still continue, where any con
siderable number remain out Of prison.
Lately, for the great Austrian loan.
ono hundred and thirty millions were
taken from the poor and miserable p.
rocky ard infertile provinces.
or course, all Serbian social and ed
vocational efforts have been suppressed.
and prosecutions with regard 70 Their
are still in progress. although hun
dreds already have ended in the deaf
or imprisonment of innocent men ar
women. None knows when or OF wha'
he presently will be accused and co,
victed by packed courts. After IN.
Russian revolution, the Austrian Ksis
err, in an excess OF Joy, gave amnesty
to all political prisoners except Ser
bians.
The last important Serbian 70 be i'm
prisoned is Nikols Kasipoviteh, tn
only political leader even OF minor in
portance who remained free a few
months ago. he was given a ten years
sentence, and thirty-nine others werD
sent away at the same time 10 serve
sentences which aggregated 10 year
In the village of Gmueden, in Aus
tria, where Serbians were interned,
1000 graves have been added within
the year 70 the camp cemetery.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07
Grandmother Of Russian Revolution Tells Of Her Suffering
And Danger That Her Ensaved People Might aste Freedom
In Struggle to Dispel Peasant Ignorance
"Babushka Journeyed Afoot and
Preached Revolt Sentenced to Siberia,
She Escaped, Was Captured, Reimpris-
oned and Flogged-Czars Downfall
Brings Release

The GrGudober the Reroion Catherine BreshkvskdyO is
the ~ symbol OF me Russian peoples long and hard struggle for free
m her erenhree foryour hare been spent IN prison
and Siberian Grille.
neither the tenderness Of Siberia the severity Of conrct labor
las broken the spirit Of this little Entering the struggle against
Garrison h U its infancy she lived 10 its complete overthrou
and people remembered their rng "Babushkd They
journey Siberia Petr0god after the rerouon
-ptq' 0ccSS such Gar King has been
BrcShkoUSkOya whOSe optimism ndestruble
touring the interests Kerensks policies
immensely popular Her lore for the people is bound
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07
Gar s Security
IN People s Ignorance

c.ealy perceived then that the gov
eminent of Alexander III introduced re-
forms only ON paper only seeking 10
create the impress sion that 10 desired 10
better flc life of the population. Actu-
ally, however, the government wiekedly
prosecuted every attempt to help the
.atoruC people 90 emerge from the
darkness into light, % approach knowl-
edge, TO proclaim its own rights.
J, Was clearly evident not only IN our
locality. but throughout the whole Of
Russia. that tho government feared
knowledge 900 the people and endeavored
70 keep lt 100 state OF rightless slavery.
This compelled me 20 seek another
ra.h. another way OF working in the
Interest of my beloved people, and tow
and the end of the sos / decided 70 go
into Russia in search of men with
whom 90 start an Illegal struggle, j. e.,
movement forbidden under the Cars
laws
For moro than two years / wandered
'oou, Russia, ever looking for some
revolutionary centre. which could exist
o.y ass AN underground organization.
GRADUALLY by changing one kind Of
VotH FOR another, ] penetrated into
i"'her large organization, which had
o'cd,1 90 get personally in contact
N'h tho people, not through books and
ordinations.
a, That time the difference between
ne sea OF peasants and the little lake
On. lo'c.'cctuais was so great that they
we're entirely ignorant of one another.
h,'ioes. the moujiks suspicion Of any
PERSON bearing the appearance Of
Gentleman was 50 deeply rooted that
was impossible 20 carry TO the peas.
Sht and labor midst any message and
re'ain the dress OF the gentry. II was
necessary 20 change the appearance
ron foot 20 head, 90 look perfect
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07
cit for Serts
IAA ~ 49, 49,
When But a Child


view my past life, I see myself, hrst
Of all. q little fve-year-old lassle, VINO
suffered az heart for somebody: for
The coochman. or the chambermaid, or
me dav laborer, or the oppressed peas,
-nts lat that time serfdOm still existed
u Russia. $500,
Tho impressions % the peoples SUI
fering sank so deeply into my ehlldlsh
soul that they never deserted me alter-
ward in all my life. 400,
was seventeen when, in 1861. the
neasants we're freed Of the violence OF
The landlords. but were so badly sup
rIied with land that the laboring
Masses were again forced 20 60 INTO
slavery 20 the wealthy. The agitauons
among the peasants provoked terrible
executions. Their torture was taxing
Mace before my very eyes, strengthen
.rg ms aspiration 10 serve the people
With ali INV might. 50 as 20 tighten
their bitter lot.
so revolutionary circles and organ
.,s+c~s were known 10 exist az that
limo In the provinces, but there soon
cane the activity of the Zemstvos, and
TsDpled 10 - ali my efforts. Ten years
7 lsbored I'M the peasant school and
the village. organizing credit-savings
banks. uutJa. aid, cooperative shops
and campaigns Oh the eve OF the cleo
.lors Of judges and rural boards. Ny
work was progressing, the confidence OF
the peasants in me was helping 1t along,
but against me and my assistants the
nobility arose, reporting us 70 the min
sters, ana the labor of many years was
sweep. away as If with a broom.
The schools and banks were closed,
all the honest people of our county and
,be whole province Of Tchernigof were
placed under police surveillance, many
we're eyilcd 10 the northern provinces
and me they began 70 prosecute.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07

translation by Isaac Don Lerine)
WAS born in Is44. l passed my
| childhood and youth in the pro-
vince Of Tchernigoff, and all my
life ] remained grateful to my parents
f2r the good and wise training and
schooling which they gave me. They
r.,ied the scrfs and never oppressed
them. Nevertheless there was a
.bsrp difference between our life, the
life Of landlords, and that Of the peas
ants IN their cabins. such n shocking
Inference that my childish soul suf-
erred greatly from the contradiction
between the reality and the teaching
o. Christ. Ny mother would often
,esd 90 us the New Testament and
biographies o.; the great apostles Of
ruth and love for humanity.
All mv life I thought so much and
eea,e,esslv about the needs Of the peo-
Me. the suffering Of the people. that
All nv sorrows and joys are bound up
with the people. And ! always made
. nv duty 70 serve the people and do
an that is necessary 10 open the peo-
HE'S ewes 70 It's own life and wants.
My own life was entirely composed
~ love and devotion TO my country
and people and Of passionate desire
"a serve them with all the powers IN
nv possession up 70 the very hour OIL
NY death.
am asked: How did ! arrive al
ne firm resolution to live only for the
people .' I think that this resolution
has always present IN me, from my
youngest years, from the very begin
ing Of my conscious life.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07

Breshkovkaya her rumpha return from Siberia
admirers.
circulated in Russia with her portrait
andt the following message o the Russian people:
prepare Assembly. The people scarcely
elect to worthy representatives
give questions of Land Freedom and
the PRONUNCIATION Of other
CATHERINE BRESHKOvSKAYA.
"Samara, March 49, 1911"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-10-07
Dons the Garb
~ d Peasant

put on q peasant dress. threw a
nag across my shoulder. obtained "a
-ch and set out TO tramp. Although
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17
CLOTHES FOR BABIES

A new Red Cross activity, which is
likely to appeal to women of the rural
communities is the making of outfits
for newborn babies in France and
Belgium. A committee of the wom-
ems bureau of the American Red
Cross, which went to Europe to inves-
tigate civilian relief needs, made a re-
port in which the supplying of such
outfits was strongly urged. Leaflets
explaining just what is needed in the
way of garments and material may be
obtained from Red Cross chapters.
Owing to the rough methods that
must be followed in washing clothes
in the war countries it is essential that
the most durable materials be used in
making garments for these baby out
fits. While the making of the out
fits will be carried on extensively in
Red Cross chapter work-rooms, the
work is of a character which permits
much Of it to be done in homes; only
it is necessary to follow the simple
directions. The directions, moreover,
will be of great help to women who
desire practical suggestions for baby
outfits which are intended for home
use or for relief work in this country.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

erseas; and from thousands of homes,
stores, factories, and offices it now
waves defiance to the Prussian. So
what more natural than that this en-
blem of active military service should
be adopted in modified form by the
Red Cross to indicate the number i'll
each home who, although compelled to
stay at home, have found a way TO
serve their country through member
ship in the greatest of relief organiza-
tions? Instead of the small star, it
is the small red cross. But whether
indicated by star or cross, both class
es are serving.
Before this membership campaign is
over the Red Cross service flag should
be in the window of every American
farm house. If the home displays the
service flag bearing the stars, there
should be placed beside it the service
flag bearing the red cross. These two
together evidence the fulluness oil
service.
There is no reason why the farine,
should not take as much pride in the
display of the Red Cross service flag
as might the employer of thousand
men-and no doubt he will. That com
paratively few will see it is not an ex
cuse, for the sight of one Red eros;
service flag on the prairie is mors
inspiring sight than is a hundred il
a crowded city.
Here is cause that deserves tn.
Support of every man, no matter if hi
dwell in the city of millions or on thu
lonely ranch. A Red Cross service flag
indicating membership in that organ
ization, even if seen by only a dozel
passersby a day, is not light hit
under a bushel. ye,o
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

SUBSCRIPTION RATES
Ey Mail
For year ..,.............. $500
For six months .......... 1.50
For three months .......... rs
For month ............. rs
BY Carrie-
For three months ......... 1.25
For six months ........... ESQ
Less than three months 49,.
......... 10 cents per week
For year ............... $500
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

Entered at the postoffice at Tarpon
springs, Fla, as second class matter.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

5xvfIensc.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17
SERVICE FLAGS ON THE FARMS

The American Red Cross will make
IN effort to increase its membership
from 100000 to 100000 between
December 16 and December rs. OBJ
viously considerable proportion of
these 100000 new members must
be enrolled outside of the large cities
and large number of them must
come from the farms.
When Europe went to war the serv-
ice flag became the household badge
Of patriotism. At every home from
whence had gone man or boy to fight
FOR his country there was unfurled the
flag with one or more small stars on
q white field to indicate the number Of
fighters that particular home had Civ
en-.
When the United States went to war
the service flag was transplanted ov-
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

show that on December list this year
the excess Of untitled car orders
amounted to 1912 cars, decrease
of 22,8SO compared to the figures. for
November list this year, and an in
crease of only 10000 cars compared
with December 1 a year ago, although
the railroads are handling currently
at least 20 per cent more passenger
and freight business than year ago.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

Nurseries are reported in 80 coun-
ties of Florida, a total of 166, each
with specialties, either citrus fruits
or deciduous varieties, pecans, orna-
mental trees, shrubbery, and flowers.
Some of the nurseries in the south
part of the state specialize in tropical
and oriental stock. There is no need
of growers going out of the state for
any kind of trees, shrubbery or plants,
says the state marketing bureau. Il
is better to buy at home and get stock
acclimated and adapted to local conii
tions.s A number of these nurseries
issue comprehensive catalogues with
much practical information to produc-
ers, in short, guide books to success II
growing fruits.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

Subscribers to The Leader will con-
ger favor upon us by refusing to pay
the carrier boys unless they give a
receipt from the book they carry.
When these receipts are not called for
we have no record of the subscriber
having paid, and consequently charge
him again, thus causing confusion.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17
E. b. BYRD
THE STOVE REPAIR MAN..

If you have an OLD STOVE which
does not give satisfaction, don't throw
it away. Call 43-L and will answer
the call and be the doctor. Satisfac-
ton guaranteed. Making old stoves
new is my business.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

The Clearwater Sun has just Gotten
out its Christmas edition, and it is a
fine one. There are Twenty pages in
all, credit to itself and the city in
Which, it lives and performs its serv-
ice. The Sun deserves all the SUI port
the business men of Clearwater are
giving it.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

The United States department of
agriculture, Washington, D. c., has
printed hundreds of very useful bu(le-
tins on agricultural topics. Nothing
of real value to the American farmer
has been overlooked. A catalog may
be had for the asking, from which
any that may be of direct use can be
selected. Send for it. The depart
ment of agriculture at Tallahassee
and the state experiment station at
Gainesville, have also printed large
numbers of invaluable bulletins, based
on Florida conditions, says the state
marketing bureau. These free bulle-
tins of the federal and state govern
ments can be made to form library
of inestimable Importance to any
practical farmer.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17
RAILROADS REPORT
INCREASE OF 10000 CARS

Washington, D. c. Dec. 17.-Fairfax
Harrison, chairman of the railroads,
war board, authorizes the following:
Reports to the railroads war board
from all the railroads Of the country
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17
HUNKA TIN.
(From the American Field Service
Bulletin, Paris.)

You may talk about your voitures
When you're sitting round the quar-
tiers,
But when it comes to getting
blesses in,
Take little tip from me,
Let those heavy motors be,
Pin your faith to Henry F.'s old
Hunka Tin.
Give her essence, and l'eau,
Crank her up and let her go,
You back firm, spark plug foulin
Hunka Tin.
The paint is not so good,
And no doubt you'll find the hood
Will rattle like a boiler shop~-en
IT. a 49, to boil,
la perhaps she's leakin' oil,
Inen oftentimes the horn declines
But when the night is black,
And there's blesses to take back,
And they hardly give you time to
take smoke,
It's mighty good to feel,
When you're sitting at the wheel,
She'll be running when the bigger
cars are broke.
After all the wars are past,
And we're taken home at last,
To our reward of which the preach
er sings,
When these ukulele sharps
Will be strumming golden harps,
And the aviators all have regular
wings,
When the kaiser is in hell,
With the furnace drawing well,
Paving for his million different
kinds of sin,
If they're running short of coal,
Show me how to reach the hole,
And I'll cast few loads down with
Hunka Tin.
Yes, Tin, Tin, Tin,
You exasperating puzzle, Hunka Tin,
I've abused you and I've fiayed you,
But, by Henry Ford who made you,
You are better than a Packard, Hunka
Tin.
The evening leader. (Tarpon Springs, Fla.) 191?-19??, 1917-12-17

This is about the time of year lot
OF yours --'s are doing their level
best to find some e. Il hrYs..,ass.
diplomatic relations with their !.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1917-11-15
MUST SEND MORE SUPPLIES.
Loca, Chapter Sent Three More
Boxes Yesterday.

Put on the accelerator, Red Cross
" orkers,
Major Murphey, head of the Amer
lean Red Cross in France, has cabled
the chapters in the United States to
increase their output of surgical
dressings His cablegram is as fol-
lows:
THE Red Cross has direct respon-
slbility OF supplying US with surgical
dressings. and nothing in the whole
situation here is equally important.
Red Cross standard dressings in mil
lions must be sent over with all pos
sible speed. If this is not done and
done Immediately, a serious calamity
end national disgrace is inevitable.
The American women who compose
the Red Cross chapters should pre-
pare with all the enthusiasm and
seeed possible the dressings which
are going to mean life or death 10
cur men This whole question deans
with the most vital thing that the
women of America can do for the
soldiers in this war.
The Abilene organization respond
cd Immediately to the call. Yester-
day three more large boxes contain
ing supplies were sent to the Red
Cross headquarters at st. Louis. The
boxes contained 124 made garments
forty knitted pieces $40 gauze com
presses and seventy muslin Dana-
ages. This is the third shipment thal
the local chapter has sent to mead
CHARTERS and each shipment has been
large. But more workers could cas-
ily be used. The sewing room IS IN
der the Wyandt building and classes
meet Monday, Wednesday and Friday
Of each week. 1t is said that some
times one whole box of material Is
used on one patient-so get busy.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1917-11-15
OLDEST RESIDENT IN STATE
MAKES HOME IN ABILENE

Mrs. Anna Hughes who resides on
South Cedar street. probably enjoys
the distinction of being the Oldest
citizen in the state. She is now 1ol
years old and is quite hale and hear
tv She was born in Ireland in
1916 and came to New York at the
time of the potato famine in that
country. She had number OF ex-
citing experiences during the C1Vli
ygr. Her husband was killed in the
Custer massacre when General Custer
and his small band of men were all
killed by the Sioux Indians in 1876.
The one black horse which escap-
ca from the Custer massacre came
10 the home of Mrs. Hughes several
DAYS later and her son now has a
watch fob made from the hair from
the name of the horse, Mrs. Hughes
has a number OF great grand chill
dren, the oldest OF whom is 8 years
old She does not know the date OF
Ler birthday and can only tell hel
age BY the year She seems no Older
than so and may live long time
yet