davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1917-12-22

trenches the balloons came into their
own again. II was discovered at
once that work could he done with
them which could be done In no other
way. Balloon observation began to
assume vital importance until today
hardly a mile Of the front lines H.
without its big. clumsy envelope. 4
constant ceaseless vigil Is maintained
over every move OF the enemy, "a
that friends below may be saved from
suriprse and enemies across The lines
may feet the weight OF every shell
hurled at them.
The big envelope commonly ascends
a. high as $500 feet and stays for
hours poised In mid-air Usually the
ascent ~ made anywhere from : TO Z
miles from the enemy's front line tren-
ches. depending on the power OF her
artillery. the direction of She wilma.
and the activity of the salient. In
any case the observer has "a circle of
Vision ~ ahodt eight miles. and Is aleo
TO pierce far back into the enemy's
lines. The most detailed and up-to-
the-minute ntaps. the finest kind u
field glasses, and instant communica-
ton with the ground make the bal
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1917-12-22

on its long cable. Hours pass, per
haps. but finally the reward ONE a
single flash, a slight movement across
tho line, and another claw OF the Ger
mar eagle reveals itself for the allied
artilierymen beneath.
The first use of balloons In warfare
dates back to the NapoleOni, wars
when France employed the envelopes
against Austria. So evolutionary
was the procedure hat all captured
observers were treated as spies by
the Austrians. During the Civil war
northern observers looked across
the Potomac at the CouSederates and
gained valuable Information. France
further developed the ART In the wIr
in 1870 against Germany. Later Ger
many TOOK II up on a much more ann
bilious scale with her Zeppcline. The
science fell upon slack times IN this
country and the val departments re-
ports OF a few years back contain
brief statements that no work was
zone 10 |bollooning for lack Of funds.
The balloon service abroad. however.
had been carefully. " modcstly. de-
Neloped tor military purposes. and
the moment that var settled into the
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1917-12-22

ultimately viii Ice a. complete a. any
branch of the American army This
achievement has been accomplished
Notwithstanding that America ha. neg
!ected army %ballooning shImefully in
recent years. \ year ago the army
balloon field IN The west was on,y "A
weed patch the gas reservoir was bado
ly ont Of repair, indeed. the whole
place was s%taEnaut. In the last few
months however. the field has been
cleared u brought back to activity.
the air Is spotted with great gas bags.
aud keeu-eyed men are receiving In
%tensiNe training 20 that they may
quickly follow the fret detachmcnts
overseas.
The American balloon program has
been aided y the latest Developments
abroad. Manufacture has p|resentcl
fcw difficulties owing to IN, resources
OF the country's rubber companies.
one OF the prime needs as true II the
entire air program a. ~ ~hnlluuniug
alone Is men of the right type and
ability. men for Officers commissions
as ouserVors, and men for tho enlisted
~squddruu~ TO attend Go tho delicate me-
,hanicol details. The battalion section
~ he sigual corps has handled hun
dreds of letter applications. but man.
more applicants must come forward
n the American balloon force b. TO hr
increased by next spring 90 "a size
commensurate with the pressing needs
~ the American army which will Doe
IN France ly THAI time Tho men sell
ccfcd n- observers must possess phya-
icl' endurance. acute 'isiuu. an Iu
prccisttou of distances and localities.
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1917-12-22

and above an a sense OF responsibility
and t~horoughncss iu Keeping with the
importance II the work assigned to
them. With the nucleus already over.
secs or IA training. the iEual corps
officers believe that enough competent
men viii he assembled before spring.
Although balloon observation H. less
spectacular than airpiane observation.
II Is none the less essential Men Whn
enter this service meet with all the
excitement American youth GRAVES. II
u does not come from a swooping en-
,my airmau bent on setting the big
gas bag on fire. 81 may come from f.
rain ~ shrap ncl seeking the same %.
lcct. percussion shells attempting To-
blow az the Wiudldss below aud set tho
bag adrlft al the mercy of the winds.
Weather conditions a'sp bring difficult
ties Flying !n thuudcrstprms is dan
rcruus because Of the lightning. Rain
appreciably adds to the weight 81 the
: alloon and thereby decreases it's as
condiag pnwcr while heavy winds pu,
- strain ON the cable aud considerable
wear IA Lear an the envelopes. Clouds
are bothcrsomc as a mask for lurking
alrmcn, aud foEs. n regular through
the atmospher, render observation d.f-
rCu,t cHerthti,ss, So vitality import
ant BE- the news gathered boy b%alluonists
that they are sent up he an sorts and
kinds of weather.
when the Amrrttnu troops prepare
To- go over the top roNt spring an
unusually larg, number of American
balloons VIII ht concentrated directly
behind the lines This viii b, done as
sc1rc,l! a. possible, signal corp Of
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1917-12-22
Christmas Savings
Class Next Year Is
An Assured Success

II is a comfortable feeling 10 know
when the holiday season approaches
that YOU haze $50 or a 800 avail
able for Christmas gifts-money that
has no strings tied TO It m that
has come with very little effort. The
A.Aerican Trust a Savings bank has
announced ~ 1919 class. This class
promises to be larger tina many 'f the
processing mes. The classes \ have
been growing In popularity each year
as people come TO appreciate more
and more the advantage Of having
a Christmas fund laid away. An
ticipate ieiS Christmas nee6s now
and call at the American Trust a
Savings bank and have them explain
the plan.
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1917-12-22
AMERICAN BALLOONS
TO PLAY IMPORTANT
PART IN WORLD WAR
They Will Soon be Swinging High
Above the Trenches in Europe,
With Observers on the Alert for
Any Suspicious Move.

SPECIAL correspondence C. The herald
Washington. u. e.. dec. 20 -Ameri-
a h~allponlz,s soon viii be swiugius
IN great gas envelopes high above the
Tor any uspicious circumstance ul
The enemy, side OF SO Man Land
ever ready 20 direct the movements ct
th.ir fclIuw- far below The first de
',rhm,uts ~ American observers who
Will collect % mas uf details and ac-
curaic kuowl,lsc which ,hoIr moand-
criuE and longer winged 1irplauc
brothers cannot hope Goo secure, have
arrived Iu France rh,N ore the yam
puard " 20 large balloon force whi'n
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1917-12-22

LOOMS, a master Of everything spread
out before his gaze.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
HOME GUARD
FOR ARDMORE
MEETING TO BE HELD AT CON
VENTION HALL TONIGHT TO
ENLIST PLATOON OF FORTY.

Ardmore is to have platoon OF the
Home Guard.
Capt. l.. S. Raines, who was appoint
ed upon the recommendation of tbs
Council Of Defense of Carter County
has called a meeting for the Convention
Hall at s O'Clock tonight for the purpose
Of enlisting men for the Home Guard, q
platoon of forty men to be allotted the
city OF Ardmore.
Every man eligible to become mem
ber of this body, or who is interested In
seeing it formed, should be present and
participate Parents of boys who are
not subject to draft but who could
iserve in the Home Guard and are willing
to do so should be present.
platoon has been organized at Writ
and a lieutenant selected and one will
be organized at Healdton or New Will
son or possibly both places. The four
platoons will comprise the Carter Coun-
ty Home Guard.
Recent events in other parts of the
state and the indications of possible
presence of agents of the enemy in this
county make il imperative that prompt
steps be taken to forestall any move
ment in the least inimical to the vari-
GUS large property interests.
Congressman c. ID. Carter and others
will speak briefly at the meeting but
the greater part of the time will be
taken up in the actual organization of
the platoon. Everyone who is interested
in maintaining the present order and
in backing up the civil authorities
should be present and announce their
fealty and readiness TO serve in the
cause.
A meeting of the executive committee
of the Council of Defense of Carter
county will be held during the evening
and applications for membership will
be acted upon and announced at that
time
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
BOLSHEV|K| RAIDS
WINTER PALACE
SMASH FURNITURE. PICTURES,
GLASS DOORS-DESTROY ALL
ARREST ALL DEFENDERS

London. Nov. 13.-Several hundred
women soldiers in Petrograd who had
been preparing to defend the Winter
palace. according to a Petrograd dis
patch. dated Sunday, to the Daily Tele-
graph were arrested by the Bolsheviki
and handed over to the various bar
racks.
The correspondent Of the Telegraph
on Saturday inspected the Winter pal
ace. which had been in the hands of
the Bolsheviki since Thursday. He said
the rooms formerly occupied by the
provisional government were ankle
deep with stationary, newspapers and
correspondence.
Every compartment in the Palace had
been forced open and emptied. Pic
lures were smashed. glass doors and
cabinets smashed. chair seats ripped.
Everything too cumbersome to remove
had been damaged wantonly.
Almost every room in the apartment
of the former emperor had been
wrecked.
Fortunately. the correspondent adds,
the government had stored away all the
art treasures. The cellars also were so
protected as to be safeguarded.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
FOUR MINUTE MEN BUSY.
Volunteer Speakers. Being Assigned Il
City and Country Meetings.

Assignments of four Minute Men for
the various city and country meetings
of this week are being arranged
Speakers who will give a portion of this
time to the work are urged to commu
nicate with Col. Sidney Suggs, county
chairman. phone 1853. at once
At meeting yesterday afternoon the
Four Minute Men adopted the follow
ing resolutions:
BE it resolved by the Carter County
Four Minute Men i'm conference assem-
bled: That in order to extend the ac'
tivities and usefulness of this organ
ization. the general public be informed
that this organization will undertake TO
furnish without expense, speakers TO
disseminate authentic. and official infor-
nation on patriotic subjects, at all pub
lie gatherings of every kind, including
meetings of church organizations,
schools, lodges. societies. clubs, associa-
tions, dances. social gatherings of any
sort, public dinners in restaurants or
hotels. or gatherings of any kind where
considerable number of people come
together.
"Bc it further resolved That persons
in charge of such gatherings are urged
to make application for speakers in adj
vance to the respective local chairman
of Four Minute Men"
Communicate with Col. Sidney Suggs.
chairman. No. 621 North Washington
street; phone 159.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
HEAVY AND CONTINUOUS CANNON
FIRE INITIATES EXTENSIVE
OPERATIONS ON LINE.
LA7|NS ENTREACHtO
Making Defensive Fight With Piave
River Between Them and H0rdes Of
the Hun-Extends for Forty Miles
Enemy Using Monster Guns.
By the Associated Press

Italian Headquarters In Northern
Italy, Monday, Nov. IA heavy and
continuous bombardment is proceeding
along the lower Piave river line, making
the opening stages of extensive opera
tions on this new line. Whether
general engagement is imminent de
pends largely upon the enemy. as the
Italians are now entrenched behind the
river and fighting defensive tactics,
with the stream and their re-established
forces checking the further extension OF
the Austro-G German offensive.
The engagements thus far have con
sisted of episodes at detached points
although the shelling extends almost
uninterruptedly for forty miles along
the lower Piave. The crash of some
enemy heavy guns is now heard, show
ing that the Austrians and Germans
have been able to bring up few of
these monster pieces.
Precautionary measures to protect
Venice continue, lest the enemy, whose
long range guns are not far off, would
attempt to lombard the famous art
center. The Palace of the Doges has
been covered with sandbags and the
delicate arched facade has been shored
with heavy timbers. The Campanile
has sandbags for forty feet around the
base
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
BAKERY REGULATIONS PROMULGATED
BY j. S. FOOD ADMINISTRATION

termined by averging weights OF TWEEN
ty-five loaves of five dozen rolls of each
unit.
In mixing dough for bread, or rolls
on the unit basis of 1876 pounds of any
flour. meal or mixture, bakers must
not use more than three pounds OF
cane or beet sugar, or in lieu OF them
three and one-half pounds of corn sug.
ar nor more than six pounds of fresh
milk from which butter fats have been
extracted: nor use any shortening, ex.
cept not exceeding sixteen pounds OF
compounds containing not more than
fifteen percent of animal fats. or, in.
stead. not more than two pounds of
vegetable fats.
Where sweetened condensed milk is
used. its added sugar content shall be
deducted from the net sugar allowed.
Sugar or fats are not to be added TO
the dough during the baking process
of to the bread or rolls when baked.
Food Administrator Hoover today
recommended to all wholesale bakers
to establish at their wholesale prices
those at which they will offer their pro-
ducts for sale in lots OF twenty-five
pounds or more, unwrapped. for cash
at the bakery door. subject to fair ad-
ditional charges for wrapping and de
iiyering when the bakers perform those
services Lfcenceee are asked to re-
port these wholesale prices to the fed.
erai food administrator In their states.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
SCHOOLS SUSPEND TO ALLOW
CHILDREN TO SAVE COTTON

Oklahoma City, Nov- 12.-Letters
from a number Of city school superin-
tendents in the state have been re-
ceived by r. III. Wilson. state superin-
tendent. relative TO his suggestion some
weeks ago that schools be dismissed
for two weeks so that children could
go to the cotton fields and pick cotton.
Today he received a letter from ]. o.
Cook. superintendent of the Stigler
schools. saying that his school had been
dismissed for the last two weeks. Prac-
tically all the school children had gone
to the cotton fields. Besides the recrea-
ton. they had done well in a financial
way. some Of the boys making from 50
to IS day. The picking season was
now over in his locality, Professor Cook
said. and school started again today.
This plan. according to other letters
received. was the only thing that saved
many q cotton crop.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13

Washington. Nov. 13.--General rules
and regulations governing all licensees,
manufacturing bakery products under
President Wilson's proclamation re.
quiring every baker. except those using
less than ten barrels of flour and meal
monthly. to take out a government H.
censed by December 10. were announced
by the food administration today. Both
proclamation and regulations seek TO
standardize breadmaking, eliminate
waste and confusing sizes. force prices
down and otherwise help consumers.
Bakery licensees must keep products
moving to the consumer in as direct
line as practicable and without unrea-
sonsble delay. Re-sales within the
same trade area without reasonable
Justification. especially If tending to re-
suit in a higher market price to the
retailer or consumer. will be dealt
with as an unfair practice"
Bread must be made and sold only
in the specified weights or multiples of
l6-ounce tone pound units, which must
not run over IT ounces; and 24-ounce
units. which must not run over 25h
ounces, In both cases net weights. un-
wrapped. twelve hours after baking.
Rolls must be In units weighing from
one 60 three ounces. but no rolls manu-
factured or offered for sale shall weigh.
unwrapped. twelve hours after baking.
less than one ounce or more than three
ounces. These standards are to be de-
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
WANT GREAT AIR FLEET
TO FLY TO EUROPE
AND BOMBARD GERMANY

New York Nov. 13.-Resolutions urg-
ing the appropriation by congress of
not less than one billion dollars to build
IAN emergency air fleet of huge war
planes" to offset the mobility of the
German forces on their interior lines
of communication were adopted at the
annual meeting here today of the Aero
Club of America. The resolutions rec
commended that this sum be in addition
to the one million dollars needed to car
ry out the present aeronautic program.
The aeroplanes can be easily built
to fly across the Atlantic. the resolu-
tions assert. and can solve the problem
of delivering large units of aeronautic
power to the entente allies where need
ed without depending on pecan trans
portation.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
KERENSKY AND ARMY AT
PETROGRAD, Is REPORT
COssacks In Control in Moscow Region
and LOYAL to Premier.

Stockholm. Monday. Nov. l2.-Tele'
grams from Finland announce the ar
rival of Premier Kerensky in Petrograd
with his troops. Finnish newspapers
declare unreservedly that the Bolshe-
wiki already has been overthrown.
Messages from Moscow and southern
Russia announce the country is in com
plete control OF the Cossacks. who &C
knowledge the leadership of kerensky.
The Bolsheviki troops were defeated
badly at Tsarskoe-Selo. and retreated
TO Petrograd.
Another message says Premier ke'
rensky announces that the seat OF gov
enment will be removed to Moscow.
General Korniloff and General kale-
dimes have issued from Novo Tchers'
kask. headquarters Of the Don Cos.
sacks, a proclamation summoning the
Russian people to unite against the Bol.
sheviki. Gen. Korniloff is Ccssack by
birth
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
IARMY Of kEREASKY AND KORs|lOfF
DEFEATEDAT PETR0GRAD, IS REPORT
OTHER DISPATCHES SAY KoRNILoFF ENTERS CITY
AND ENTIRE GARRISON, EXCEPT SAILORS, GOES
OVER TO HIM; ALSO THAT KERENSKY CAP
TURES PORTION OF CITY.

London. Nov. 13.-Complete defeat OF
Premier Kerensky and General Kornifoff
is announced In a Russian communica-
ton received here by wireless.
The announcement follows:
Yesterday after bitter fighting at
Tsarskoe-Seio. the revolutionary army
completely defeated the counter rcvo.
lutionary forces OF Kerensky and Kor.
nilof.
I'm the name of the revolutionary
government, / order opposition to all
enemies of the revolutionary democracy
and the taking of all measures neces.
sary to effect the capture of Kerensky.
IL also forbid similar adventures,
which are endangering the success Of
the revolution and the triumph of the
revolutionary army.
"(Signed NJ. AUVERIEFF.
Commander in chief Of the forces
acting against Kerensky."
The communication goes on TO say
history will record the night of No
vember H."
''The attempt of Kerensky to move
counter-revolutionary forces against the
capital of the revolution has received
decisive reply" 1t adds.
"Kerensky is retiring and we are TAX
ing the offensive. The soldiers, sailors
and workmen in Petrograd know how
to impose and will impose with arms In
their hands their will and the power Of
the democracy.
"The bourgeoise has failed TO separate
the army from the revolution. Ker-
ensky has attempted TO break it by the
force of the cossackdom. Both have
failed. The workmen's and peasants
conception of peace and democracy has
united the ranks of the army and has
steeled its will. The whole country will
see that the authority of the soldiers
and workmen's delegates is not pass
ing phrase, but it an unchangeable fact.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
THREE PERISH IN
NINE EXPLOSION
ACCIDENT IN wII.BURTON DUE To
NATURAL GAS BLAST WHEN
SHOT IL FIRED.

Wilburton. Okla. Nov. iS.-Three men
were killed in a natural gas explosion
at the No. 40 mine OF the Rock Island
Coal company. ten miles from here last
night. according to word reaching here
today II was said that only one OF the
men had been identified. His name
twas given as Cotterell. initials and
address unknown.
All those killed were blast firers.
They had gone into the mine after the
regular shift OF miners had quit work,
to fire the blasts.
Accumulated natural gas exploded
when the first charge was fired. 1t was
said, and terrific explosion followed.
1t damaged the mine. although TO
what extent is not known here.
Rescue parties have gone into the
mine TO recover the bodies.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
'OJ|NAGA EXPECTS
ATTACK TONIGHT
COMMANDER OF BORDER TOWN
BEGS FOR REINFORCEMENTS
AGAINST VILLA BANDITS

Preside. Texas. Nov. 1J.-Trancisco
port ac ojinaga opposite mere, and to-
night has been set Dy .deXican officials
here and Ojinaga for the attack.
Following his conference at Maijama
yesterday Villa and his forces were re-
ported to be moving toward Ojinaga
This was not confirmed. although fed.
eral patrols last night explored the
country as far as La Mula pass.
Yesterday Colonel Castro, command
ing the Ojinaga garrison, sent in an ap-
peal to Colonel Flores of the Juare2
garrison to proceed to Ojinaga and re-
inforce the garrison. Flores declined to
do this.
Castro has less than four hundre ed
men in the garrison opposite here al
though large federal column under
Generals Cordovay Espinosa and Car
dona was reported last night to be adj
vancing in the direction of Villas
rendezvous with the intention of en-
circling his forces. If Villa attacks, it
is expected to occur after midnight.
Patrols from Villas main command
approached the border last night and
held conferences with Villa agents
from the American side of the river.
There is now practically no doubt that
villa Is I'm command of the troops in
person and that Hipolito Villa, his
brothe!, is with him.
The purpose of the Villa movement is
believed to be for the purpose OF OBJ
tanning ammunition in exchange for
silver bullion seized by Villa and to
meet agents of Felix Diaz to consider
Joining the new revolutionary move
ment against Carranza and his gov
prnment
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1917-11-13
ROAD CONTRACTS
ARE AWARDED
LARKIN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
TO BUILD HIGHWAYS FROM
ARDMORE TO WOODFORD

The county engineer and commission
ers have made q contract with the
I.arkin Construction company, OF Dal'
las Texas, to build roads from ArdmCr re
to Woodford by way of Springer, at the
estimate which is s53,751.93; and also
the road from Ardmore to Berwyn by
way of Hignight school house, the es'
innate for which is s27,915.10. At the
opening OF the bids last Wednesday
there were two bidders and both offers
were above the estimates.
As the Larkin Construction company
has the contract to build road from
Ardmore to Wilson, at a cost of about
500. 900. 1t could better afford to take
over the other contracts at a reduced
price than could any other company.