davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

noted scientist. lost his life on its
slopes while trying to measure its ac-
curate height. Since that time there
have been only, two other fatalities,
although some of the climbers have
had narrow ESCAPES. For the past few
years Mt. Raiaier- has been a part of
the National. PArk system of our coun-
try and the government has made
stringent rules for climbers which
must be obeyed under all circum-
stances fact which has reduced ac-
cidents to climbers on the peak to a
minimum.
The mountain is easily reached from
either Tacoma or Seattle by rail and
stage or by automobile, the latter be-
ing the preferable way to journey to
it's base. as there is a splendid road
leading through some of the finest
forest in the northwest and over the
excellent highways built by the Gov
eminent through MI Rainier National
Park. The National Park Inn pro-
vides comfortable accommodation
and the trails whereabouts make ex-
cellent4 practice for the climber who
comes to scale the slopes of Rainier
for even the most seasoned noun
taineer prefers to get into trim by
climbing some Of the lesser peaks be-
fore attempting the real climb.
Ascent From Paradise Park.
The ascent of Rainier is usual,
made from Paradise Park, where
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01
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million dollars year. This amount
will have been spent in the building Of
the environments in the three months
of June, July and August. Today
there are only $50 cities in the U. S.
as large as. or larger than these army
environments.
Each Cantonment Really A Town.
The cantonments cannot be the old
fashioned camps of either, the Civil
or the Spanish-American War AS
now planned, each will be town,
occupying a minimum site of from
fifteen hundred to two thousand acres.
Each camp will have ample water
supply and the best of sewerage They
must also have streets, a railroad,
barracks for men and quarters for
officers; in all, about thousand
houses, with electric lights, garbage
incinerators and the like, and as far
as essentials go they must all be ready
by the first of September.
Involved in the task Of constructing
these cities have been the selection OF
suitable Sites their scientific laying
out, the drawing of plans, the pur-
chase and assembling of materials
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

there is a small hotel and a camp di-
rectly at the foot of the peak close
to the snow line. The climber may
reach this point by automobile, on
horse back or by walking over one OF
the most remarkable mountain roads
in the world-a perfect switchback.
where one may see the road in four
places at once, one road above the
other. Once settled at the camp, or
hotel, the climber who wishes to make
the ascent seeks out the guides head
quarters and makes his arrangements
These guides are uncanny in their
knowledge OF who's who as a climber
and they refuse to take the weak and
the timid. When one of these guides
tells an ambitious young man or wom-
an that they are not physically able
to climb the peak it Is folly to insist.
tain point for all climbers do not go
to the summit. The cost Of the trip
depends upon the number in a party,
as the guides make charge of twenty
five dollars for the first member of
the party and five dollars each for the
others, and in this way half dozen
climb ers can have a guide for fifty
dollars. The guides furnish alpen-
stocks, ropes and calks for the shoes
of climbers at a reasonable charge ans
each person carries with him blanket
| or extra coat and a small amount OF
food. for use in the event of being on
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

dim blue haze that hangs over the
Pacific Ocean, To the northwest in
British Columbia the white saw teeth
of the Selkirks are plainly outlined.
and to the south Mt. Adams and Mt
Hood across the Oregon border and
a dozen lesser peaks appear more like
sugar coated mounds than towering
mountains. The scene on clear day
is awe inspiring and makes one forget
all the difficulties of the climb. All
the beauty of the world seems to be
spread out for exhibition and the
guide permits the climber to drink in
his fill before the start downwards Is
made. I'll remember this view for
the rest of my life" said woman.
| who a few minutes before declared
she would never survive the journey.
st feel that I have seen the whole
world and now 1 am able to go down
and tell everybody know how won
derful the universe looks from this
point"
The return trip takes a much short
er time, as in some places sliding il
safe and the climbers usually induIge
| in coasting on snow helds;s and the
|
After light supper the party all go
off to their respective tents where. as
one climber declared. they sleep the
sleep of the just" Save for a little
| stiffness they arise the next morning
little the worse for their hard clirab
! amid natures glories.
/ Weeks might be spent about the
peak studying its grandeur. for its
glaciers vie with those of the Swiss
Alps. Its steam caves and craters
have a never failing interest for the
scientist; its rock and lava formations
have brought students in geology from
all quarters of the globe; its flora has
been the subject for the botanlst. for
its foothills are covered with the
rarest and most beautiful wild flowers
in the world. AS for its scenic beauty.
to use the words of a well-known
artist, there is a picture every Ave
yards"
Altogether Mt. Rainier is well worth
the climb. but If the traveller is not
able to endure the fatigue of the jeur-
ney the view of the peak from Para
disc Valley is worth going many miles
to see, for it is one of the most sublime
pictures in natures book of American
lscenery.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

Mcclure, who met his death at this
point. There are splendid views from
both these places. as all the south side
glaciers come into full view while the
nearby mountain ranges spread out in
a vast panorama of rare beauty. Wa
terfalls and streams are all about with
acres and acres of wild flowers of the
valley spread out to ones gaze like
mighty brilliantly colored carpet.
Early in the morning the guide sets
about to serve light breakfast. Tea
made on an alcohol stove, crackers
and chocolate form the main part of
the meal after which the start is made
over the great Cowlitz Glacier-one Of
the finest of Americas ice rivers. Care
must be taken to follow in the steps
made by the guide as a mis-step might
mean fall into one of the many snow
covered Ice pits. While there are no
great crevices on this glacier the ice
pits or snow cups as they are some
times called, are deep enough to cause
a sprained ankle.
Gibraltar Rock Dangerous.
It is imperative that Gibraltar Rock
be passed before the sun is high
enough to melt the roots of the shower
of icicles that it sends down with rocks
over the cliff daily The trail at this
point is very narrow and one creeps
close under the rock keeping as far
as possible from the edge from which
! there is a drop of several hundred feet
| to the ice below. This is the shivery
place of the TRAIL" said an old noun
taineer as he held the hand of a wom-
an climber. ''Just watch your step
and follow me-" he continued. which
she did and all went well. Once
around the rock a steep f1ume caused
by the melting ice is climbed, the
guide frequently making a stairway in
the ice. At many points the climbers
pause to view the grandeur of the
scene. The wind and sun with the
brilliant whiteness of the snow would
cause snow blindness. but for the col
ored glasses worn by the climbers from
the start. The faces are also black
ened with black grease paint to pre-
vent them from blistering. The WON
| en- dress like the men in loose flannel
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

shirts and trousers. No skirts are
allowed owing to the danger of slip
ping on them.
Steam Caves.
During the journey steam caves are
passed and frequently visited. At one
time Rainier was hugh volcano, and
while practically dead, there is still
enough of the old fire left to make the
steam from some of the assures in the
rocks unbearab1e to the ungloved
hand The walls of these caves are
very warm and have saved many
climbers. who were caught on the
mountain in storm from freezing to
death. A number of scientists have
spent several nights in the caves while
studying rock and glacier formations.
After the f1ume at Gibraltar Rock
is passed the climbers go over two
miles Of ice filled with crevasses before
the summit is reached. This is long
hard journey where one must watch
his step every minute of the time,
especially If the sun is warm enough
to melt the snow which hides the ir-
regular gullies in the ice. Breathing
there is especially difficult and little
talking Is done. Everywhere caution
is needed and strict obedience to the
guide.
When the top Is reached there is
rest before view is taken or the
summit explored. 1t is seen at once
that the summit has three volcanic
craters. The largest one, partially
filled by the building of the two 9TH
ers, is. the oldest and has suffered SO
greatly from subsequent volcanic ex-
plosions and erosions that no more
| than its general outline can be traced
Scientists declare that the mountain
| lost fully 1000 feet of its summit by a
great explosion centuries ago. The
craters are now snow filled bowls,
| while in the smaller ones steam jets
| play into the snow. There is no as
surance that the energy of this great
peak may not be reawakened.
| Magnificent View From Summit.
While the more scientific people of
| the party are studying the formation
of the craters the lovers of nature
spend their time in gazing on a scene
unsurpassed in natural beauty in the
world, for there spread out at ones
feet lies the greater part of a state:
| Puget Sound with it's thousand miles
of shore line and innumerable bays
and islands. and far in the west the
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the summit over night. Still heavier
clothing is required If the party in
tends to spend the night at Camp
Muir.
The ascent from Paradise Valley is
made by what is known the Glib
raltar route. This trail offers few
problems like those confronting the
climbers of the Jungfrau or the Mat
terhorn, as there are no perpendicular
cliffs to scale and no abysses to swing
across on a rope, but it is a long up
hill pull over volcanic talus and rough
ice with dangerous crevasses at many
points. If one goes by the popular
route and is equal to the long un-
broken climb he may start with his
guide at daybreak and by hard climb
ing reach Columbia Crest by eleven
o'clock. The greater number of Climb
ers, however. leave Paradise Valley in
the evening and spend the night at
Camp Muir. the ledge below Gibraltar
Rock. This point is named in honor
of John Muir, the famous mountain
Ger, who on his ascent of the peak
in 1888 Suggested it as a camping
place because the presence of pumice
llioiCobOu LHdI Ilic SpoL was Ii &c ATOAli
the severe winds which sweep over the
! mountain. It offers little convenience
except that it is free from wind and
forms a place of rest.
Tiresome And Difficult.
The journey. even to this Camp
| Muir, is by no means easy for the ex-
ertion of climbing in a high altitude
takes ones wind and many people are
''all in" when they reach this point
If they decide to go no farther they
must remain there until the guide and
his party return from the summit and
pick them up on the way down.
Others go only as far as Mcclure
| Rock. named in honor of Professor
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

workmen are at work on the eonstruc-
ton of these cities. An estimate for
a typical cantonment calls for about
four thousand carloads of material,
assuming that all material must be
brought to the site by rail. Crushed
stone for the roads alone will make
812 modern freight carloads. Other
items include $4,000 squares of roof
ing. which will require so cars; 20
carloads of nails and hardware, 20
carloads of plumbing and 1872 carloads
of tanks. heaters stoves, ranges. pip
ing. electrical supplies, 'refrigerators,
with railroad materials for five miles
of tracks. Materials for $4,000 cubic
yards of concrete required in each
cantonment will take 70 carloads of
cement, $50 carloads of stone and IT'S
carloads of sand.
The men in the environments will
sleep in doub1e-deck hunks. This
means that there will be $1,000 sep
arate hunks. each with its mattress.
To transport the mattresses 125 cars
will be required and the hunks will
take 81 more; $50 carloads of hos
pital equipment will be necessary
| In order to extinguish fires in these
environments about $500 fire extin-
! guishers will be placed around the
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

4. Assurance of good roads MAX
ing for easy access to and from the
comm unity nearest at hand.
5. General healthfulness. The
cantonment must lie on reasonably
high ground. the site being well drained
with no standing or stagnant water.
6. Size. The site must be large
enough to assure sufficient room for
the many buildings and grounds re-
quired. s
Z. Topography.
Location OF Sixteen Cantonmcnts.
The sites selected for the sixteen
environments, which are to house the
six hundred thousand men of the new
national army are at Aver, Mass.
| Wrightstown, N. j.; Columbia, s. c.:
Atlanta, Ca: Chillicothe, Ohio; Louis
viIle,. Ky; Battle Creek, Mich; Little
Rock. Ark: Des Moines. Iowa; Fort
Riley. Kan; Fort Sam Houston, Tex;
American Lake, Wash; Yaphank
South Haven, l.. l.: Annapolis juno
ton, Md; Petersburg. Va. and Rock
ford, Ill.
! An immense amount of material
and thousands upon thousands OF
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

the signing up of contractors and the
securing of labor even before single
board might be sawed or a nail driven.
Then comes the work of actual con-
struction, which includes the building
of roads. laying of sewer and water
pipe and putting up of light poles. as
well as construction of buildings.
Paramount considerations entering
into the choice of the sites for each
new training camp have been:
l.. Its accessibility by rail- The
cantonment must be easily reached
through adequate main line facilities,
SO that building materials and supplies
may be carried in before and during
the course of construction. After
completion of the cantonment those
same rail facilities are necessary that
troops may be brought there for train
ing and taken away again for service
when the training period is ended.
2. Assurance of an abundant sup
ply of pure water. Some authorities
estimate that safe supply of at least
100000 gallons day Is absolutely
essential.
8. Proximity to some center of
nODulafiOn. "a
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

buildings. There will also be at com
venient places about 5000 water
casks similar TO those used in ship
ping oil. The sixteen cantonments
will require nearly 10000 water
pals. There will be water mains rum
ming through the encampments fitted
with MIGRANTS, and about 100000 feet
of hose will be provided for connec>
ton with the hydrant nozzles.
Sanitation A Paramount Necessity.
The tremendous losses of the
French army, due to inadequate
housing and sanitary provisions In the
concentration camps were carefully
considered in planning the American
buildings. The difficulty Of making
unframed men obey the sanitary reg.
u1ations of the regular army was fully
recognized. Consequently the design
of the buildings is being prepared with
a view to the sanitary protection OF
the men. and the general sanitary fea-
lures of the environments have been
studied carefully.
| In addition to the city itself. parade.
grounds, manoeuvering spaces and
rifle ranges must be provided. The
| typical company barrack will be
llWO-SlOAy 81 0SIhA Oo@AI ~ |OSNS~~
frame covered with matched boards.
The roofs will be covered with pre-
pared roofing They Will be we'll ven
ti1ated with fiues. lighted by electric
ity, heated in the north by steam and
in the south by stoves. Each Will
have kitchen and mess hall. = :
Quick Construction Is Imperative.
How the War Department Is doing
| business with the contractors who are
building the sixteen great canton
| ments for the new army is indicated
| in the form of contract made public.
This form was adopted as an emer-
gency measure because of the neces-
sity of completing these military cities
ca ch for a population of about forty
| thousand persons at a very early date.
The most interesting features of the
form of contract are those governing
the financial relations between the
| Government and the contractor. The
latter is to be paid his expenses and
a percentage of their total amount.
out of which he must meet his over
head costs. The contractors profit
will come in the difference between
this percentage and overhead expense.
and it has been figured out that this
will average about 3 r. per cent. The
maximum amount of profit on any
contract is fixed at $4,000.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01
Sixteen c antonments for
100000 Officers and
Men Of the New Army
Must Be Ready By Sep
fember 1st : Problems
Of Building Location.
E9pygight. 1911 by The Internationai
49, Syndicate

"MERICAN- patriotism Is being
put to the test these days in
every division of national life.
~ y No man is being spared. and
unhappy and unworthy is he who does
less than his best when he is called
upon by his country in this most crit
ical stage of its existence. Is
One of the very important divisions
OF war work now occupying the time
and attention Of great bodies of men in
civil life. who are being called upon
to give their best efforts for the good
of their fellowmen, is found in the
construction of the sixteen canton
ments which will house the 100000
American civilians selected from
among the ten million young men who
registered on June s for military
service, as well as provide headquar-
ters for the officers and extra men
who will make 100, 900 more.
Woe be unto the contractor who
falls short Of giving his best when 1t
comes to building the sixteen new
-Sallftary cities. into each of which will
pour forty thousand of the cream, of
Americas young manhood on the first
of next September.
Best Temporary Homes Possible.
Every parent of a son between the
ages of twenty-one and thirty-one,
who registered for war service, de-
sfres to know what provision his
country Is making for the lad who
IS giving up his home and his
career to go into training as a soldier
Of the National Army For their
benefit be 1t known that the Govern
nient is making every endeavor to give
the country's recruits who enter the
training camps the best temporary
house which can be constructed Tor
them within the short period at their
disposal.
mo unstudied or haphazard con-
Tracts have been let. no great fortunes
can possibly be made upon the build
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01
How the Summit Of This
Queen Of the Cascade
Range Is Reached Over
Snow and Ice By the
sAmbitious Mountain
Climber.
c1x121z<2S I1e
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Copyright. 1917. by The International
Syndicate.


- o the mountain climber a giant
~ peak of rock and snow and ice
"A offers a challenge. for while the
W average person is satisfied and
fascinated with its great beauty from
afar, the seasoned climber longs to
look down from Its summit and to feel
that he has conquered its ice clad
slopes.
The sight of Mount Rainier. that
queen of the Cascade range out in the
State of Washington sends the noun
taineer into FRENZY of delight. Its
great beauty stands out far above its
sister peaks as it raises its lofty head
heavenward above the clouds into the
regions of perpetual ice and snow,
standing about 14,4os feet above the
level of the seattle nearest thing to
the Alps to be found in the United
States.
added to this it Is perhaps the most
difficult peak in this country to climb.
Fourteen glaciers cover it's side and
for at least 5000 feet it. is covered
with perpetual Gnows. Yet every 81 no
mer parties of intrepid mountaineers
Of both sexes scale it's ice clad sides
to5sthe summit. Mountain climbing
annually claims its victims in various
parts of the world. but so far the Mt.
Rsinier climbers have been singular
ly5free from serious accidents except
where people have ventured out alone,
q ching not now permitted.
In 1897 Professor Edgar Mcclure, a
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

30 the mountain climber giant
a peak of rock and snow and ice
n offers a challenge. for while the
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-10-01

AMERICAN patriotism is being
put to the test these days in
every division of national life.
No man is being spared, and
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1917-06-21
Drives Out Malaria, Builds Up System

The Old Standard genera strengthening toric.
GROVES TASTELESS chill TONIC, drives out
Meiaria, enriches the looS. ard huiids up the sys
sesr. sSue tonic. For a.nlts and chi.afei.- nc
Okolona messenger. (Okolona, Miss.) 1900-current, 1917-06-21
Can Girls Play Ball?

To all who are skeptical upon
this point, The American Athlet-
ic Girls will be here on Saturday
June % to demonstrate that it
can be Did"
When we stop to consider,
that there is scarcely one out of
a thousand girls who can throw
a baseball ten feet accurately,
then the one who by practice
and perseverance has accom-
plished the art of throwing,
catching and fielding a baseball
in actual competition with her
athletic brothers in a manner
that makes them sit up and take
notice, is surely in a class by
herself, and. the giganic under
taking of training and fitting
herself for a professional ball
player can readily be apprecia-
ted.
Never in our National History
has this branch of athletic sport
for women played so prominent
a part, as during the present
period of physical demand of ex-
|pression. Nearly all our Colleges
for Women have added Base
Ball to their Athletic program.
1t is the Sport of Sports for all
round physical development, and
The American Athletic Girls
must be seen in action TO be ap-
preciated.
Ladies and children especially
invited. Don't forget the date:
Okolona, Saturday, June %. adv
La prensa. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1913-1962, 1917-11-24
Sc PROPONDRAN CAMBlOS EN-
LA ADMINISTRATION DE A
LIMENTOS.

WASHINGTON, Noviembre %
Sc dice 0 insistencia en- los cir
culos politicos, cue tan pronto como
ell Congreso abra sus pr6ximas sesio-
mes, Sc propondra el que Sc lleven a
cabo. alglnos cambios en- Ia Admins
TRACTION de los Alimentos. y que los
mas importantes de ellos seran: Ia re-
g!amentaci0n de las cantidades que
pucdar ser servidas por personas en-
los hoteles Y restaurantes, establll-
gar Ell precio de los differences produc-
tos del puerco e intervenir en- los We
getaLes. azucar, aceites : otros artl-
cu!os de primcra n~ecesidad, en- Ia
aligna forma en- que, en- Il actual:-
dad Sc esta inte-viniendo con rela-
ci6n al trigo.
La prensa. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1913-1962, 1917-11-24
cOntiRlan presses G ineo-
muHiC2dOS los aCuSadOS
dc feIiciSils
Los sele,es del bosql lie Perez no
aaa sido llama los 4 { mparecer
ante ninguna autolidsd
Ell Consul americana en- Matamo=
r0s habla s0bre la question de
los pasaCorteS

Correspondence Especial para La PRESaa
BROWNSVILLE, Texas, Novlem-
re 2I-No obstante de que Ia pa
ado va ell tGrmino que Ia ley marca
para que TODD acusato permaTezca
nconun:cado, los senores Eugene
Ell Bosque Y Domingo Perez, apre-
randidos en- Matamoros bajo ei car
. dea ndar distri5uyendo proclamas
evolucionarias Y ser agentes del mo
-hniento fe.icista. continuan en- COM
,!eta denomination, sin haber sldo
anados siquiera ante IA presencla
lie Ia autoridad correspondence pa
a que rindan ST. primera declaration.
Como ninguno de los p%risioneros
iene amigos o conocidos en- Matamo-
-os, aadie hasta ahora he hecho ges-
ZONES en- su favor. y como ell0s,
lebido q 10 riguroso de Ia incomunl-
.lci6n en- cue Sc ~encuentran, no pue-
len hacer tampoco ningunaS geStlo-
.es a efecto de buscar un abogado
7uc los defienda, estan destinados a
sufrir Ia suerte que les reservoir las
autoridades militares de Matamoros,
que parece que son las que ordena-
ron ei arresto dc los seEores de- Bos
cue Y Perez.
Estos senIreS tienen vac;os como
citos entire los mexicanos I~efugiados
en- Brownsville, pero tanpoco estos
3c6ores pueden hacer NADIA en- favor
de los p-isioneros, por las circunstan
cias en- que Sc e~ncuentran.