davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08

and village sites, burial grounds and
battleficlds Of the Indians, collecting
and studying the relics Of these first
settlers--or were they first, after all?
A find of hammer stones, arrow heads
and charred hearth stones in an old
soil layer two to six feet beneath the
surface last summer indicates earlier
inhabitants than the Arickara.
When the Indians followed the buff
falo over the Dakota prairies, long be-
fore the white man came. there were
fifty or more populous villages along
the Missouri river. The early tribes
Of Arickaras in the Missouri valley,
like Dakota farmers today, grew corn
and pumpkins, for the Arickaras were
farmers. They built lodges of poles
and willow thatch, daubed thick with
mud to keep out the searching fingers
Of the billiards.. Their clothing was
made Of buffalo skins. The shovel
with which they dug their fields and
the trowel with which they spread the
mud plaster on the walls Of their
houses were made from the shoulder
blade Of the buffalo. Their arrow
points and knives were Of flint or bone.
This was the life Of the Arickaras be-
fore the first white traders came, be-
fore the Sioux Tor Dakotah) Indians
pressed by white settlers from Canada,
poured in from the north and east. 1t
was the stone age, when to make q
k,o Of NJ m nd
working On some boulder found in the
creek bed, with an outline like that of
the tool to be made.
Fine Collection Of Relies.
More than sixty skeletons Of the
Arickarn tribe have been unearthed
and are in the university museum.
Hundreds Of hammer stones. arrow
heads. beads, bone tools and bone Or
naments are also in the university COL
lection Of the Aircl1ara relics. Even
the national government has not near
~ rs good an Arickara collection. The
only two Arickara tobacco pipes ever
found in a grave are in the university
collection. There are many fragments
Of tho earthcnwnre pots or bowls used
by the Indians In cooking, and two en-
tircIy unchanged bowls, which show
the kind Of pottery work the ancient
Indians made.
The age Of much of the material
found Is problematical, but that a
great deal Of 1t dates back to the Pc
Rod before 1850 Is certain, for Mt about
that time the Sioux or Dakota Indians
began driving the Arickaras relentless
~ up the Missouri and to the west
wnrd.
The other Arickara village sites
show no trace of contact with the
whites. No article of metal can be
found In the most ancient locations.
Farther west, and up the Missouri
river. the excavations yield scraps Of
copper obtained from the first traders.
from which the Indians made Orna-
ments and, ny twisting the thin sheet
copper into cones, arrow heads shaped
like tunnels which slipped over the
end Of the shaft Of the arrow. An
occasional blue or red head comes to
light. or brass hall, or bits Of look
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08
REPRESSION OF RAT
First Exclude Rodents From
Place Where They Find Food.
BEST PLAN TO use Cement
Granaries, corneribs, Poultry Houses
Etc, May Be Made Rat-Proof by
Liberal Use of That Material
In Foundations.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
First in Importance, rs measure OF
rat repression, is the exclusion Of the
animals from places where they find
food and safe retreats for rearing their
young.
The best way to keep rats from
buildings, whether In city or in cOun-
try, is to use cement in construction.
AS the advantages of this material are
coming to be generally understood, its
use is rapidly extending to all kinds
of buildings. The processes Of mixing
and laying this material require little
skill or special knowledge, and work
men of ordinary intelligence can sue
cessfully follow the plain directions
contained in handbooks Of cement con-
struction.
Many modern public buildings are so
constructed that rats can find no lodg-
ment in the walls or foundations, and
yet in a few years, through negligence.
such buildings often become infested
with the pests. Sometimes drain pipes
are left uncovered for hours at time.
Often outer doors, especially those
opening on alleys, are left ajar. A
common mistake is failure to screen
basement windows which must be
opened for ventilation. However the
intruders are admitted, when once in
side they intrench themselves behind
furniture or stores, and are difficult to
dislodge. The addition of inner doors
to vestibules is an important precau-
ton against rats. The lower edge of
outer doors to public buildings, espe-
cially markets, should be REINFORCED
with light metal plates to prevent the
animals from gnawing through. Any
opening left around water, steam or
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08

windows near the ground and all other
possible means Of entrance screened
with netting made Of No. 10 or No. 20
wire and of one-fourth-inch mesh. En-
trance doors should fit closely, should
have the lower edges protected by wide
strips Of metal. and should have
springs attached, to insure that they
shall not be left open. Before being
used for housing stores, the building
should be inspected as to the manner
in which water. steam or gas pipes 60
through the walls. and any openings
found around such pipes should be
closed with concrete.
IF rat-proof buildings are not avail
able, 1t Is possible, by the use Of con.
crete In Easements and the other pre-
cautions just mentioned, to make an
ordinary building practically safe for
food storage.
When it Is necessary to erect tenn
porary wooden structures to hold for
age, grain or food supplies for army
camps, the floors Of such buildings
should not be In contact with the
ground, but elevated, the stills having
foot or more Of clear space below
them. Smooth posts rising two or three
feet above the ground may be used for
foundations, and the floor itself may
be protected below by wire netting or
sheet metal at all places where rats
could gain foothold. Care should be
taken to have the floors as tight as pos.
sible, for It is chiefly scattered grain
and fragments Of food about q camp
that attract rats.
Rat-Prooflns by Elevation.
The United States public health serv.
ice reports that In its campaigns
against bubonic plague In San Fran
cisco (19O7) and New Orleans (1914)
many plague rats were found under
the floors of wooden houses resting on
the ground. These buildings were
made rat-proof by elevation, and no
case Of either human or rodent plague
occurred in any house after the change
Placing them on smooth posts Is inches
above the ground, with the space be-
meath the floor entirely open, left no
hiding place for rats.
This plan is adapted to small dwell
ings throughout the South, and to
small summer homes, temporary strnc.
lures, and small farm buildings every.
where. Wherever rats might obtain a
foothold on the top Of the post they
may be prevented from gnawing the
adjacent wood by lacking metal plates
or pieces Of wire netting to floor or
sill.
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08
Kind Of "creature" He Was.

Donald and Charlie, boys of eleven,
had seen IN old-time thrilling melo-
drama and the next day were repeating
1t for the benefit of an audience OF
small boys in the garage Of Charles
rather. Charlie was the "villain" and
Donald the ''herOine." After Donald,
with the villain covering and shivering
before him had denounced the other
bitterly, he thrilled his small audience
with the shrieking climax, "Out OF my
way, abdominal creature r.
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08
POSITION IN GRAVE

ing-GlasS, or knife. One old knife,
found in cache hole where It had
been placed century or more ago,
safely wrapped in buffalo robe. was
made in Sheffield and was one Of the
knives sent out by the early Hudson
bay traders. The Indians sharpened a
| steel knife with a file, on one side OF
the edge. The milestone was too
slow.
The village sites farther west are
more recent. On the Missouri river, ut
the place described by Lewis and
| Clark in their diary Of the exploration
of the Northwest in 1905, mt the bend
In the river where the river flows
west" was a large village with more
than one hundred lodges. In these
more recent villages are found brass
arm-bnnds and bracelets, as well rs m
occasional steel ax or fiint-lock gun.
| Their Domestic Life.
The bones I'm the refuse heaps show
the Arickaras lived on buffalo, deer.
antelope, elk, rabbit and wild fowl az
well rs on corn, beans and pumpkins.
lodges mt every village site. :
Only q sunken circle of ground like
an abandoned circus arena, but far
smaller, shows where one Of the lodges
stood. A five-family lodge, built with
big timbers, may yield part Of cedar
post almost rotted away, despite the
comparatively dry climate. Each fam
lily Ind it's cache-hole, or primitive
safety deposit vault. This was jug
shaped hole four to six feet deep, IN
which valuablcs were hidden when the
family left home to avoid hostile In
dams or to 60 on hunting trip. The
mouth Of the hole was covered with
sticks and leaves, so as not to be dis
tinguishable from the surrounding sur
face.
The burial customs of the Arickaras
differed from those Of the Sioux. The
Arlckaras buried their dead in the
ground, while the Sioux left the bod
les of their dead, wrapped in skins, on
scaffOlds or in trees. The ArickaraS
buried from one to six bodies in u
grave, the body lying on the right side,
with the head to the north. Digging
was hard with the primitive imple-
ments these Indians had, SO the graves
were small, and the bodies placed with
the knees drawn up. Scarcely any
grave contains anything but the skele-
ton. Little or no paraphernalia was
ever buried with the body, except an
occasional bead or band Of brass or
copper. showing the contact with the
fur traders. The earlier burial sites
yield nothing but bones. The graves
were three to six feet deep, and above
the upper skeleton were placed slabs Of
cottonwood or ash or bundles OF will
low twigs, to keep wild animals from
digging into the grave. Other Indians
used fiat rocks for the same purpose.
There are thousands Of objects I'm
the university's collection of ArIckara
relics. The collection was begun i'm
1915, and as 1t grows the exact
knowledge of the life Of these early
Dakotans increases.
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08

The woman's bureau of the Ameri-
can Red Cross has issued a very help
full leaflet for the benefit of those who
are willing to sew for hospitals. Under
the head of Hospital Garments and
Supplies this circular enumerates the
various kinds of garments and hos
pital linen that are needed, and tabu-
lates the ratio of these needs-that is
tells what things are needed in large
quantities and what in smaller guam
titles. The Red Cross gathered it's in
formation first hand from American
and French hospitals, cooperating
with the Red Cross commission in
Paris. 1t seems that the needs Of
American and French hospitals vary
little. but not in many particulars.
The circular says: Participating the
severe cold of the winter in France
the report emphasizes the need Of
warm materials. such as outing fan
nels, heavy bath robing, etc., for hos
pital garments. Models for garments
we're sent to the wOman's bureau by
the committee in Paris and were given
to the standard pattern companies,
which agreed to issue patterns in
strict conformity with them, so that
the woman who wishes to make any Of
the needed garments may get correct
pattern from any one of the promi-
nent pattern companies. The gar
ments which will probably be needed
in largest quantities are pajamas and
hospital bed shirts. Pajamas should
be made Of flannel or good outing fan
mel, for winter use. The patterns for
all garments are issued in two sizes,
medium and large. "For American
hospitals two medium-sized garments
should be made to every one of large
size; for French hospitals, no large
sizes are needed" The same kind of
garments and other articles are want
ed by both American and French hos
itals.
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08

gas pipes, where they 60 through walls,
should be closed carefully with con-
crete to the full depth of the wall.
Dwellings,.
In constructing dwelling houses the
additional cost of making the founda-
tons rat-proof is slight compared with
the advantages. The cellar walls should
have concrete footings, and the walls
themselves should be laid in cement
mortar. The cellar floor should be Of
medium rather than lean concrete.
Even old cellars may be made rat-proof
at comparatively small expense. Rat
holes may be permanently closed with
q mixture Of cement, sand and broken
glass, or sharp bits Of crockery or
stone.
On q foundation like the one de-
scribed above, the walls of q wooden
dwelling also may be made rat-proof.
The space between the sheathing and
lath, to the height of about q foot,
should be filled with concrete. Rats
cannot then gain access to the walls,
and can enter the dwelling only
through doors or windows. Screening
all basement and cellar windows with
wire netting Is most necessary pre-
caution.
Old Buildings In Cities.
Aside from old dwellings, the chief
refugees for rats In cities are sewers,
wharves, stables and outbuildings
Modern sewers are used by the ami
mails merely as highways and not as
abodes, but old-fashioned sewers often
afford nesting crannies.
Wharves, stables and Outbuildings
In cities should be so built as to ex-
clude rats. Cement is the chief means
to this end. Old tumble-down build
ings and wharves should not be toll
Grated in any city.
In both city and country, wooden
floors of sidewalks, areas and porches
are commonly laid upon timbers rest
irg on the ground. Under such floors
rats have a safe retreat from nearly
all enemies. The conditions can be
remedied in towns by municipal action
requiring that these floors be replaced
by others made of cement. Areas or
walks made Of brick are often under
mined by rats and may become as oo-
jectionable as those Of wood. Wooden
floors Of porches should always be we'll
above the ground.
Farm Buildings.
Granaries, corncribs and poultry
houses may be made rat-proof by lib
eral use of cement In the foundations
and floors; or the floors may be of
wood resting upon concrete. Objection
has been urged against concrete floors
for horses. cattle and poultry, because
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08

traced out ana
studied In detail
by w. II. Over Of
the University Of
South Dakota.
What sort of
people were this
now extinct race?
How did they
live? What was
t h e ir religion?
What degree of
culture had they
attained?
During a period
of years Mr.. Over
x,ic;<nl nou
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08

ments Of sturdy winter coat are
filled in this latest effort Of the coat
maker and more than this. AS the
uniform Of every soldier proclaims his
sentiments and his allegiance SO the
trench coat speaks the mind Of its
wearer. 1t appeals to the eternal fem
mime because 1t Is becoming and 1t Is
also picturesque. 1t Is just the gar
ment for the woman who intends to
keep busy doing whatever comes to
hand to do, In any kind Of weather.
during the coming winter and there
are always so many things waiting for
the charitable to do.
One look at the trench coat is con-
vincing 1t may be used for driving the
motorcar and anywhere else where
real service and comfort are called
for. Thanks be, its designer has given
us these together with a snappy and
definite style that is enough to stiff
fen the backbone Of any ease-loving
slacker,
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08
Oldest Inhabitant.

Lost Soul-Why did they send that
monkey down here?
Old Timer-DOnt you know who
that is? He's our ancestor.-CartO0n3
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08
The Residue.

There Is nothing In the grave but
dust. What endures rehains with the
soul.-Buddha. ...
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08
Tools and Sheds.

Tool sheds haven't risen in price
nearly so fast as farm machinery.
The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??, 1917-12-08

BY r. w. JONES.
Gradually the life Of the Arick-
ara Indians of the DakOtas is being
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1917-09-27
S0UKHOMLINOFF
GUILTY OF TREASON
Russia's ex-MiniSter Of War
Gets Life Sentence.

Petrograd, Sept. 27-General Sioux
homlinoff, former minister CT war, was
sentenced to hard labor for life after
conviction of the charge of high trea-
son in the court here.
Madame Soukhomlinoff was acquit-
ted.
General Soukhomlinoff was convict
ed also on the charges of abuse of con-
fidence and fraud.
During the closing moments of the
trial and just before the jury retired
General Soukhominloff, in drab uni
form. bald and bearded, sat with head
In hand, elbow on the deck, peering
intently at the purors. Beside him
was his wife, pale cameo-featured
woman of perhaps thirty-fve. She
seemed only half her husbands age
Her black dress and hat with veil
thrown back lent unexpected gravity
to her face, so vivacious when sur,
rounded by gayer colors.
Just before the jury left the room
Madame Soukhomlinoff addressed the
court and in voice choked with sobs
declared vehemently:
1--WE are not criminals, neither mol
my husband
General Soukhomlinoff said in a
closing speech:
81 may, perhaps, have been guilty
Of mistakes, but before God and the
fatherland I have no crime with which
to reproach myself" said the former
minister of war as the tears coursed
down his cheeks.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1917-09-27
MERCHANT FLEET 0F
1900 SHIPS IN YEAR
U, s. Tntal TONNAGE 9.2O0,.
900 in That Time.

Was inaton Sept. 27.-Within a
little mere h"n a year, the United
States will have an ooean-going fieet
of more then 1900 ships, aggregating
9.20G 1H0 tins
This announcer ut was mada in a
statement by the shipping board, Civ
ing details of the governments pro-
gram.
The amount planned compares with
present tonnage of $500 600. Ameri-
can ships available for overseas serV-
ice number 45S, with a tonnage OF
2.S71 900. There are 1T German and
Austrian ships. which have been taken
over by the United States. with a ton,
mage of 100000.
The Emergency Fleet corporation
Communicated in American shipyards
nearly 400 steel ships. or more than
$500 900 tons. 1t has contracted fol-
636 ships with tonnage of 3.124,7Oo
1.-THE feet in prospect" said the
statement, ais already becoming a re-
alitv. Several of the Communicated
ships have been completed, and al
ready are taking cargo. Others Will
leave the ways in increasing numbers
with each succeeding month. The
ships for which the shipping board
has contracted are under construction
and the first launching is expected
within sixty to ninety days.
The board plans to construct several
million tons additional for which a
billion dorlal appropriation has just
been asked of congress.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1917-09-27
BACKACHE IS
DISCOURACINC
But Not so Bad If You Know iuT'
to Reach the Cause.

Nothing more discoura ging than a
constant backacne. Lame when you
awaken, pains pierce you when YOU
bend or lift. It's hard TO work Or to
rest Backache often indicates Lac
kidneys. Cambridge people recon-
mend Doan's Kidney Pills. Read
this case:
Mrs Frank Blades, - Cemetery
Ave. Cambridge, says: Il suffered
from very severe pains in my loins
which sometimes changed to a dull
ache. | never again want to expert
ence such misery. 1t seemed as
though | were weighted down and l
had no life or energy My kidneys
didn't act right at all. One day L
read about Doan's Kidney Pills and
used some. Two CT three boxes cur
ed me-
Price coo. at all dealers. Don't
simply ask for kidney remedy-get
Doan's Kidney Pills-the same that
Mrs. Blades had. Foster-Milburn
Co., Mfgrs.. Buffalo. \. Y.-Adv-
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1917-09-27
RAIDERS TURNED
BACK FROM LONDON
Two Planes Succeed in Reach
ing Outskirts Of City.

London, Sept. 27.-Another airplane
raid was made on London.
There were two attacks. In the
first, after brisk firing by the defen'
sive guns lasting only ten minutes
the raiders were driven off without
succeeding in reaching the dity OF
London.
Two machines succeeded in dropping
a number of bombs in the southeast
ern outskirts.
The second group of raiders. which
approached London half an hour later
was driven off.
Bombs were dropped in various 10
calities in southeast England.
Seven persons were killed and TWEEN
ty-five injured in all the districts al
fected by the two raids.
The area bombed was inhabited
chiefly by the poorer classes. Aside
| from the breaking of windows and
slight damage to two or three small
frame houses. there was no property
loss.
It is reported that thrilling bat
tie occurred between German and Brit
ish airmen a few miles from London
| which probably accounts for the fact
that the raid resulted In so little dam
age in the metropolis.
German airplanes, although they
crossed the coast at different points
were met ard continually harried by
large force of British machines.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1917-09-27
rs CENTS DESTROYS
YOUR DANDRUFF and
STOPS FALLING HAIR
Save your hair. Make it thick, wayy
and beautiful-tIy this!

Thin, brittle, colorless and scraggy
/ hair is mute evidence of neglected
scalp; of dandruff-that awful scurf.
There is nothing so destructive to
the hair as dandruff. 1t robs the hair
of its lustre, its strength and its very
life: eventually producing Il feverish-
ness and itching Of the scalp, which
if not remedied causes the hair roots
to shrink, loosen and die-then the
hair falls out fast. A little Danderine
tonig ht-now-any time-will sure
ly save your hair.
Get 25-cent bottle of knowlton's
Danderine from any drug store or
toilet counter, and after the first APP
plication your hair will take on that
life, lustre and luXuriance which is
so beautiful 1t will become wavy
and fluffy and have the appearance OF
abundance, an incompatible gloss
and softness; but what viii please
you most will be after just few
weeks use, when you will actually
see a lot of fine. downy hair--new
hair-growing all over the scalp
ADV.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1917-09-27
WOULD ExPEL
LAFOLLETTE
ChlcagOans Demand He Resign
From Senate.
ROOSEVELT MAIN SPEAKER
Resolution Presented at Mass Meeting
Calling on United States Senate to
Gust Pacifst From Wisconsin.

Chicago. Sept. PA resolution
calling for the expulsion Of Robert
NJ. Lafollette from the United States
senate was presented at tie Roosevelt
mass meeting. at which Colonel ROose-
velt was the principal speaker.
The meeting was under the auspices
of the Chicago branch of the National
Security League.
H. H. Merrick, president of the Chi
cago branch. telegraphed neadquar'
tiers at New York requesting that the
thirty branches of the f1tasae- be Ii.
vited to take similar action.
Preparedness and pacifists claimed
equal shares of Theodore Rooseyelt's
attention in an address to nearly 20
600 men Of the eighty-sixth division CT
the national army. Included N his
speech was the plea that his hearers,
when they have finished the task they
are about to begin in Europe, become
apostles of universal military service
During his stay of less than two
hours, the colonel was whirled in a
motor car through nearly ten miles
of cantonment streets, viewed one OF
the barracks. inspected several amuse'
ment places built for the recruits. de-
livered fervid halfhour speech and
within ten minutes of its conclusion
was aboad his special train, bound for
Chicago.
Military efficiency, described as EEK
traordinary' by army officers who ac.
companied the former president
marked the handling of the thousands
of raw recruits as they were marched
to the little valley behind the camp
headquarters where Colonel Roose
welt spoke. Newly commissioned of
fcers from the First Reserve Officers
Training camp unanswered their com
panies into position with scarcely a
hitch. while the elaborate preparations
for the reception Of the colonel were
carried out with equal smoothness.
When the first Tnninois infantry,
aching as a guard of honor and keep
ing clear the route. the colonel reach
ed the speakers stand amid great
burst Of cheering and, after being in
troduced briefly by Major General
Thomas II. Barry, camp commander
began his address.