davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1917-08-23
Thursday, August %, 1917.

case Of actual ipvasioa Of the soil Of the
United States.'
In an address delivered at Topeka, Kan
sas, February 2, 1916, he said: "T'ho CON-
stituti0n Of the United States puts them the
National Guard under the direct command
and control of the governors of the States,
not of the President of the United States,
and the national authority has no right to
coli upon them for a11y seruice outside their
States unless the territory Of the Nation IS
ACTUALLY INVADED
Our militia laws recognize this funda-
mental personal right, by virtually providing
that the Federal Government shall never send
the State troops out Of the country To de-
fend our own soil from the 30U0der, the Fed
eral Government may employ the State mill
tia: to suppress domestic rebellion; and to
enforce the United States laws within the
Republic i these are the only purposes for
which the State troops may be lawfully used.
E0ery one Of those emergencies comtcna-
plates SERVICES AT HOME.
The ancient Common Law is a part of our
system, SO recognized in all the standard au-
thOrities and leading decisions. The Consti-
tuition did not supersede it, but left it in full
force by express provision. ARTICLES TX.
and X. Of the Amendments
Common law marriage still exists, and SO
do many other common law customs and prin-
clpes, never specifically repealed. In fact,
1t IS to the Common Law we must look if we
would learn what are those ''rights re-
tanned by the people," in addition to those
which they had delegated to the United States
and those preserved to the States''
That there are powers and rights inherent
IN the people, and not surrendered to the
States, or to the United States, the Supreme
Low hoti lI11 IN, 4,
Tenth Amendments.
What are those powers and rights?
Whatever they are, the people are still the
pcssessors since they never delegated them,
expressly, or by necessary, implication
Among those retained rights, is that of
marriage without license, minister or cere-
monial formality: the highest New York
Court has recently re-affirmed that doctrine.
10 the same heritage of Common Law
rights, belongs the principle that the citizen
cannot be forcibly sent out of his native land.
To sum up the whole matter, we respect
fully submit to your Honor that our C0nsH-
tutz0n0I SYSTEM, prior to the adoption of the
p0st-bellum Amendments, was intended and
designed
Q) To form more perfect union of SOW
ereign States than the Old Confederation had
brought into effect;
~ 10 establish justice, in accordance with
English ideals and institutions;
(3) To insure domestic tranquility by
placing under central control the militia of all
the States, when internal tumults broke out:
"a TO promote the general welfare by
uniform system of laws and administration,
on matters affecting all the States in COM
mon;
81 To provide for the common defence
of all the States, by using for each the power
Of all;
60 To secure the blessings of liberty to
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
T0RPEDOED TWICE BY
u-B0ATS, s SURVIVORS
BROUGHT TO u. S PORT

New York, April 3-The British
freight steamer Trevose, reported by
Germany as having been sunk, was
torpedoes without warning on March
Is and "a members Of her crew are
unaccounted for according to officers
Of the Fabre line steamer Venezia,
which arrived here today with five
of the Trevose's crew.
The .Venezia brought also 1s men
from fhe British passenger steamer
Alnwick Castle, already reported
sunk without warning on March 10.
The five from the Trevose were res
cued by the AlnNick Castle from an
open boat.
The "a men brought in by the We
nezis had foated for four days and
four nights in open boats before be-
ing picked up, and five men died from
exposure during this time. Many Of
those rescued are suffering from frost
bite and frozen limbs.
The Alnwick Castle, they said, car
ried a crew of 100 men and "a pass
engers. The British admiralty already
has announced that 10 of the persons
she carried died and that others were
missing.
In the boat met by%he Venezia were
six Of the passengers, Capt. Chave, the
ships surgeon, the engineer and Is
OF the crew.
the Alnwick Castle, but because of
the strong gale blowing they were
soon separated. and thus far 100 Of
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03

The United States really is at with the German empire
today, awaiting only the formal recognition of
Every agency moving to grid the nation against the
government which President Wilson his address congress
characterized "a natural foe to liberty"
The cabinet called to discuss the
tension credits the nations already against Germany
the raising Of by taxation for of the United States
the the equipment of the to the full state of eff
cheney with the submarine and the raising of
great army the principle Of universal liability to service
the first increment of which is to be 100000 men,
The council of national defense and its advisory commission
Joint session continued the work of mobilization of the
national to bring the government of the German
empire and end the war; the president it.
The department and the general staff were ready
congress the plans for the raising of just
as soon the legislative body asks for it.
congress the resolution to formally declare
halted in the senate today by Senator aFoee
objected to immediate consideration of the
sened by the foreign relation committee Because the Repub
have not been named the House
mitee postponed action the resolution until tomorrow.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
CHAMBERLAIN BILL WOULD
RAISE FORCE OF 100000 MEN
STATE OF Connecticut
PLACES ALL RESOURCES
AT WILSON'S COMMAND

Representative Hall is an educator
He said that President Wilson's mes
sage last night is the finest example
of written English to be found in the
archives of the United States.
Thegmotion Of Representative Coles
was passed unanimously with a rising
vote. William T. Curry, representa-
tive from Lebanon, suggested 1ncor-
porating in the message the statemen.
that general assembly is ready to Of
fer it's services to the government in
any manner that they may be availed
Of, even to the extent of laying down
te lives Of the members. This was
unanimously adopted.
After songs by the Lotus quartet,
the Senate withdrew and Immediately
reconvened in the Senate Gambler.
Senator George w. Klett, Republican.
Of New Britain, moved that a vote Of
thanks be offered the President for
his courageous and splendid message
Of last night 1t was unanimously
adopted.
Senator Brooks of Torrington, Re-
publican, offered a resolution that
Connecticut, speaking through the
Senate, notify the President that the
state stands ready to supply any ma
terial the government may call on it
for. This was unanimously adopted.
Rev. Howard w. Benedict of
Bloomfield, House chaplain, and Rev.
Werren F. Cook of New Britain, Sen
ate chaplain, invoked blessings on the
youth who have volunteered to aid
their country in the coming struggle.
Their prayer breathed patriotism.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
SHARP REPORTS
.28 ARE MISSING
FROM S. Liner
Nineteen Survivors Of Aztec
Are Landed and Little
Hope Held for Others

washington, April 3rA dispatch
from Ambassador Sharp dated Paris.
p. m. yesterday, said that 10 surviv-
oEs OF the Aztec were landed yester-
day in Brest and % persons still were
missing and their rescue was doubtful
because OF the heavy sea and storm.
THE foreign Office has just informed
me that the American steamer Aztec
was torpedoed at 9 p. M last night
april y tar out at sea off Island of
Ushant. One boat from the steamer
has been found with 10 survivors who
were landed this afternoon yesterday
at BreSt. Twenty eight persons are
still missing and. although two patrol
vessels are searching for them, the
stormy condition of the sea and wealth
er renders their rescue doubtful.
Foreign office not informed as to
names of survivors. Will cable further
details as soon as possible
Dispatches to the French embassy
last night put the missing at II.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03

the 124 aboard areu naccounted for.
The survivors Of the Trevose said
that the vessel was sunk early in the
morning of the 18th, the submarine
not being sighted by anyone on board
and giving no warning.
The crew took to the boats, which
soon drifted apart. The survivors
picked up by the Alnwick Castle had
been on that ship only a few hours
when she in turn was torpedoed.
The launching of the Alnwick
Castles boats was attended with ex-
treme difficulty, ak there was only lit
tie time to get them loaded before the
ship went down. The high wind then
drove the boats in various directions.
The sufferings of the passengers and
crew were described by the survivors
as terrible, and when the Venezia
hove into sight four days later all
were so weakened by exposure that
they were unable to assist their res
cuers in saving them.
The Trevose was on her way from
Newcastle, England, to Alexandria
Egypt. She was of 3,112 tons gross.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
TEXT OF WAR RESOLUTION

The resolution approved by the senate committee
today is follows
Whereas as the German government has committed re-
peated acts Of against the and the people
the United States of America therefore be it
Resolved by the senate and the house of representatives
of the United States of America congress assembled that
the state of between the United States and the Imperial
German which has thus been thrust upon the
United Sates hereby formally declared and that the
dent be and hereby authorized directed employ
the of the to against the
Imperial German government and to bring the conflict to
successful termination all of the of the country
hereby pledged by the congress the United States
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
Especial to The Farmer.)

Especial TO Inc Farmef.)
Hartford, April 3-The General AS
sen1lbly opened this morning in a burst
of patriotic enthusiasm.
AS soon as the Senate had convened,
the members adjourned to the House
where the Lotus Male Quartet, an or
ganization well known in Bridgeport,
sang my America" a. patriotic song
composed 10y Frank Peer Beel. The
quartet is on it's way to Washington
where it will sing in the Capitol. Gov.
Samuel Mccall Of Massachusetts, tele-
graphed to Gov. Holcomb this morn
ing that the quartet would pass
through Hartford, and the Connecticut
executive induced the singers to leave
the train amid stop over at Hartford.
The Senate members had taken seats
in the House when Rear Admiral Will
liam s. Coles, U. S. N. retired, rep
resentative from Farmington, jumped
to his feet and moved that a vote of
thanks be sent the President for "his
splendid message
House Leader Peasely, Republican.
in seconding the motion, declared that
no other course was left the President
put the one he adopted, and that in
acting as he did, he was guided by
the interests of humanity, and that he
could not give any further ground to
the Germans.
Representative Charles N. Hall of
New Milford. who is a Democrat, also
seconded the motion, and in doing so
referred to Gov. Holcomb as the
greatest governor in the United States.
He praised Gov. Holcomb's military
preparedness measures.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
LAF0LLETTE DELAYS ACTION
ON WAR RESOLUTION TODAY

that there would be no f1libuster or
protracted debate.
Amendments from Republican SEN
ators, especially to prevent a formal
alliance with the Entente Or federal
loan to them, are expected. Senators
Borah, Kenyon, Penrose, Colt and
other Republicans are particularly OPP
posed to an alliance.
Leaders of both parties in the senate
are disposed to pass only approprfa-
ton and other war measures and ad-
journ. Some leaders believe it possi-
ble to adjourn by May Is, but some
Republicans think June 1 more prob
able.
Senator LaFollette of Wisconsin said
today that he expected there would DE
quite a little DEBATE
Il don't know he said; ''tl1ey may
shut me off. They did once, You know,
when I expected to speak"
House leaders predicted unanimous
support to the president. The only
possible objection foreseen by them
was to a possible proposal to send
troops abroad at once. Later, after an
army had been well trained, if the war
continued, they thought the house
would support such plan.
In q wave Of patriotic fervor which
swept over the house today after over
night consideration OF the presidents
address, most of the so-called pacificist
group fell into line by declaring that If
war came they would stand by the
president.
Democrats OF the house foreign af-
fairs committee met informally to
discuss the war resolution. Inasmuch
as the Republican committeeman will
not be named until later in the day.
no final action could he taken, on it
Republican leaders promised that their
committeeman would be named as
early as possible and 1t was planned
to assemble the entire committee anA
report without delax,
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
BERLIN MAY ENDORSE
vIENNA'S RENEWAL OF
PROPOSALS FOR PEACE

countries. The Lolxal Anzeiger says:
Count von@ CZernins statement
would not have been made if he had
not previously obtained an assurance
that it would meet with the approval
of his allies. This agreement pres
emily will he affirmed 10y a conference
in Berlin. If our enemies refuse to
accept this opportunity the responsible
ity will be theirs We are ready to
hold out and the coming conference
will emphasize this with great dis
tinctness.''
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03

The definite plans OF the war de-
parttment are waiting to go forward
to Congress when it is ready to re-
ceive' them.s
President Wilson gave 4 clear view
of the Immediate steps to be urged
in his address. but until the depart
ment's plan has been submitted de-
tails are regarded as conhdentiaL
The first element Of the plan the
President as already disclosed. It is
assembling Of 100000 men under a.
universal service system. as an add1-
tion to the regular army and National
Guard, wtch would provide a total
war strength OF i 100000. It Is as
gumed that coinc4dent with the calling
out Of the new army. orders to recruit
the regulars and guardsMen to full
strength will go out. Whether that
will be done by voluntary enlistment
or by draft has not been disclosed.
Army ofiicers bedieve that $4,000 Is
the maximum number they can un-
dertake to train at once. When the
work has proceeded for q few months,
an additional 100000 could be called
out. to be followed ut intervals OF a
few months by other SIMILAR incre-
ments until q total army Of the desired
size had been mustered
The training Of tho first half million
will take the personnel and machinery
of the regular army to the limit. Even
with provisional Lists of officers and
the of1cerE reserve corps to call on,
there Win De shortage of training
personnel. The Units OF the regular
army, it Is said, win be vitality neces-
sary to carry the work forward. For
that reason the suggestion that an ex-
pelditdonary force be sent to carry the
flag into France as symbol that the
United States was definitely and finally
aligned against Germany In the world
One officer said such q step would
rbe military suicide as the only
troops available for such purposes
would be the regulars, who could not
be spared from training work.
There is much uncertainty as to the
use to which the national guard is to
be put under the new plan. No infor-
nation was forthcoming on this point
President Wilson is believed to have
spoken In direct accord with the add
vice OF the war department and the
1y outlined tofcongreSs. There is rea-
son to believe that the administration
is looking ahead for a year or more to
the time when the nations military
power VIII be fully developed in plan
ming for actual anticipation by Amer
lean troops ON European battle fields
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03

Washington, April 3--After stormy
scene in which Senator LaFollette
blocked Immediate consideration OF
the war resolution, as presented by the
foreign relation committee, Senator
Martin, Democratic leader, forced an
adjournmen. today in order to cut off
LaFollette. The Senate will take up
the resolution tomorrow.
Senator Hitchcock presented the
war resolution in the Senate and
moved it's immediate consideration
Senator LaFollette's objection, how
ever, blocked this procedure. The
Senate committee had approved the
resolution declaring a
state Of war exists with Germany, in
practically the same form as it was
introduced in both houses of Congress
last night. Changes were made to the
wording but the effect remains the
same.
The vote was unanimous except for
Chairman Stone. Senator Borah Of
Idaho was absent. Senator Hitchcock
of Nebraska. who will handle the
resolution on the floor, went imme-
diately to the House foreign affair
committee to show it the changes the
Senate committee had made in order
to have it put before both houses in
the same form. He will report the
resolution to the Senate today and an
effort will be made to put it through
as soon as possible.
Chairman Stone, who voted against
the resolution, said he would not
make a minority report, but expected
to speak on the floor.
Action by the senate within at least
two Or three days was predicted today
even 10y seqators opposing it. Some Of
those designated by President Wilson
as "wtlful men, declared emphatically
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03

Berlin, April 8, via London-The
proposal of Count Won Czernin, Aus
trian foreign minister, that a peace
conference be held by beIligerents
tnities apparently represents the at
tit1sde of all the Central governments.
Count Won Czernin's proposal was not
only sanctioned by Austria and her
allies but shortly will he formally ap-
proved at a conference of high per-
sonages in Berlin representing the four
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
U.S.AT WAR NOW; F0RMl/AE!!-
DECLARATION S AWAITED

Congress Expected to Act Within Short Time on
Resolution Declaring That War Exists
Every Governmental Agency Busted With
Final Preparations to Put Nation in Position
to Meet Any Emergency-Cabinet Meets as
War Council to Consider Means of Conduct
ing Hostilities, While War Department Has
It's Army Policy Ready for Congressional Ac-
tOn-LaF gillette Blocks Action today on
War Resolution
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
British Steamer
Is Reported Sunk

New York, April 3.-The British
steamer Cannizaro, which left New
York March IA for Hull, Eng, with a
general cargo of grain and freight, has
been sunk, according to word received
here today by New York agents Of the
owners, the Wilson line. The crew
landed in Falmouth.
1t is understood the crew contains
no Americans. The sinking is sup
posed to have been about March Is
and presumably in the German sub
marine zone.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
SPECIAL PHONES IN ARafoRY.

Three special telephones have been
installed at the state arnsory for the
use of the United States army officers
who will muster the Second and
Fourth companies, Connecticut Coast
Artillery corps into federal service.
The regular telephone was kept so
busy today by the queries Of anxious
relatives Of the soldiers that Capt
r. l.. Dengler and Capts Bennett and
Brague had to go to the central office
in order to transmit their official mes
sages to Governors Island and Hart
ford
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
FAMILIES FLEE FIRE.

Suffie1d. April 3-Occupants Of
two-fannily house here owned by Will
lie Woldag, awakened early today to-
find their home in flames. They got
out safely but had time to save only
a small part of their personal effects
and household furniture. TheDloss is
estimated at about $4,000. The 0nuse
of the fire Is not knovs<A
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
Southern Militiamen
At Mobilizing Camps

San Antonio, Tex, April 3-Gen
Pershing today authorized the an
nouncement that orders will be issued
this afternoon directing national guard
troops called out in the southern de-
partment to proceed to state mobiliza-
ton camps Immediately.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
RADIO STATION
FOUND ON FARM;
TWO MEN HELD

South Berwick, Me-, April 3.-M.
,Littman and M. Seeley, Germans, were
summoned to the Portsmouth navy
yard for a hearing today as a result
Of the seizure last night by govern
ment officers Of wireless outfit dis
covered on their farm.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
COL. ROOSEVELT
CONGRATULATES
THE PRESIDENT

Washington, April 3+Co1, Roosevelt
stopped off here today on his way
home from Florida to call on Presi-
dent Wilson at the White House and
congratulate him on his address to
Congress.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
PRESIDENTS MESSAGE.

President Wilson's message to
Congress last night, urging declar-
alton of a state of war, is published
in full on Page s of The Farmer
today.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
First Step in Universal Training Plans is Taken
By Introduction in the Senate Today Of Bill
Providing for Vast Regular Army Bill
Would Require Half Million Men of 20
Years first, and After That as Many More,
Up to % Years of Age, as President Desires

Washington April 3-Unversa compulsory military train
ing legislation formally launched today in the senate when
Senator Chamberlain of Oregon chairman of the military
mee introduced his amended bill providing for training Of
100000 of 20 years and in the presidents dis
creon many thousands to 23 years of age The bill
referred to the committee on military affairs.
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03

M. Metin, Under-Secretary Of the
French Ministry of Finance, appoint
ed Mile. Jeanne Tardy as an attache in
his department
The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-04-03
THE WEATHER.

Connecticut. Fair tonight and prob
ably Wednesday; fresh west winds.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-07-03
WARRINGTON

Mr. and Mrs. Nathaniel Leigh enter,
taincd at s o'clock dinner OF heauiitui
appointments At the home nf Mr.. and
Mrs. \. J. Hays on Clarkshurg street
Friday evening. The AFFAIR was given
In honor Of Mr.. and Mrs. Glenn Nor
mar,swhn were married recently.
Mrs T. !. Dcnt md daughter. MISS
Ora. spent the last week ut tn" home ~
Harrison Manlcy In Grant district: ThcE
are now visiting relatives In Fatrmnnt
and mr.. tho guests Of Mrs. pcnts son.
I. F.. Dent. and family. on East Parh
avenue.
Misses Kate and Mabel Charlton en-
terta Ined the Queen Esther circle Of the
NJ. r. church at ihrir HON" on Jehcr-
son street Friday evening.
J. r. Rivct is n business visitor IN
Burt.
Miss Frances Furhec spent the week
end nj her home here
Bruce Duncan. who Inns been visiting
his parents here. has returnrl 10 his
home on Rlue Creek. HIS sister. Mrs.
Oscar Hays. accompanied him home for
Mrs. Jetrrles md daughter If Martins
Ferry nre here for 'hc summer with
relatives.
rinnntt for n visit with his parents.
Miss Bcrylc Rakrr has returned "fi"r
two weeks with relatives in 'Fatrmuni.
Mrs j. ". kallc;' and son Robert OF
MORRISON. Fn.. have l"fi for !h"ir homo
annT, Mrp. ". N. Michael
Tho Mtssc. Lois and Josephine Clarke
are spending thr week end with Miss
LeSSic King. In W"llsvi;l". =
Miss Ruhy Hess 81 Fsirm"nt wh" mas
boon visiting relatives. has returned %
I'D Thalman ~ Wheeling is visiting
friends hero.
MIR and Mrs. ,ieo:Sc Hpicwcod nave