davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1917-03-14
AMERICAN STEAMER ALGONQUIN
TORPEDOED WITHOUT WARNING

There Were Ten Americans on Board
The Entire Crew Saved, Although
the Attacking Submarine Refused
Assistance american Consul at
Plymouth, England, Makes Report
to State Department
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1917-03-14
Bills introduced in House.

Continued on fourth psge)
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1917-03-14

toontinuod on fourth Psgel
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07
whiskey. legally placed therein.
Only One Consideration.

There was but one argument that
caused any hesitating in the minds of
the voters and that was the fear that
should Iron county return to the
licensed saloon that the saloon keep
ers, knowing that they would have
but one year to gather in a harvest.
would run wide open" This fear
was considerably dispelled by the
prompt announcement Of Prosecuting
Attorney McDonough that he would
personally see to II that the saloons
do not disobey the law and get away
with it and that he will prevent the
Illegal licensing OF saloons.
Mr. McDonough's work in hunting
blind pigs gained for him so much
support that when he issued that
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07
IRON COUNTY
VOTED WET"
Replaces Saloons For the One Year
Remaining Before the State of
Michigan Banishes Booze From
Its Bounds.

Iron county is again in the wet"
column This fact may astonish those
who are not acquainted with affairs
here but It is no surprise to those who
have followed events and noted the
change of sentiment among the people.
The returning TO the wet column
is not victory for booze but a pro-
test against the flimsy local option
laws OF this state that allow of the de-
bauching of a territory with liquor
after the people have decreed that
none should be sold therein. The
people OF Iron county declared last
Monday that they prefer the licensed
saloon. irritating "a Il may be with
the class of people who follow that
business. to the hypocrtcal private
residence" debauched with beer and
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07

Nitrogen also is supplied in such fer
tilizers as nitrate of soda and sui
phate Of ammonia, as well as in bone
meal and tankage.
Potash tends TO hasten the maturity
OF the plant, but also has a tendency
to counteract the work of nitrogen
on this account those not experienced
in using potash will find sulphate OF
potash better. or at least safer in most
cases, than the muriate. On account
OF the disturbed commercial condi-
tions one OF the most available sources
OF potash Is hardwood ashes.
Plants need a balanced ration. II
they are lacking in nitrogen. they
show pale leaf and stunted plant
form. Excess of nitrogen is shown
by large leaf and plant growth with
imperfect fruitage. II the plants lack
potash. they will not be fruitful.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07

plants. Upon the fine. hairy, ibrous,
feeding roots, which are possible on
ly in well titled soil, the plant de-
ponds for its stockiness and growth.
The careful gardener will regard his
whole garden as seed bed and will
cultivate and fertilize II accordingly
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07
Fertilizers.

Fertilizers, the plant food for the
garden, should lee carefully selected
Nitrogen, which stimulates leaf
growth, IL best supplied by turning
under rich. well-rotted or composted
manure. or rotting vegetable matter
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07
HOME GARDEN HINTS.
The Soil, Water and Fertilizer Re-
quirements Of Successful
Home Garden.

The gardener who merely wishes
10 raise vegetables for his own family
will do well, especially this year, To
choose the crops he will grow from
those which previously have done
best in his special locality. The
market gardener must bear this fact
in mind. but also must study the
market and anticipate its usual de-
mand and determine as far as he can
how this demand will be affected by
any untoward weather conditions
which may have occurred in his sec
ton.
Those who desire to produce early
crops should bear in mind that a
warm. sandy loan will produce al
earlier crop than heavier soil that
retains more water and less heat.
Frost is less apt to injure vegetables
planted on high ground than those
planted in low places or valleys into
which the heavier cold air commonly
settles. The garden should be fairly
level, but well drained The crop
will mature more rapidly on land
that has sunny. southern exposure
than in other plots
The Essentials OF Gardening.
The essentials for successful gar
dening on a small or large scale are
soil, water and cultivation Much de-
ponds also on the grower. the season
and the crops selected
The SOIL is the storehouse Of plant
food The garden therefore should
contain humus or rotted material in
large quantities. The gardener should
remember that about 80 per cent Of
ordinary earth is not soil az all, but
consists OF air and water
Water makes plant food that is
present freely soluble Rain and
snow water are soft and contain am
monia, Tie magic of soft water on
the plant world is one OF the miracles
Of good gardening as every one who
has contrasted tie effect az rain with
that produced by sprinkling with
hose realizes Plants are succulent
and contain large amounts Of water
which they have to draw from the soil
The conservation OF soil moisture
b. the most important reason for culti-
waiting crops. The two other principal
things accomplished by cultivation
are the killing OF weeds which draw
moisture and plant food from the
crops. and the aeration Of the soil
Too much stress cannot be laid ON
the preparation OF a good seed bed
a seed bed OF fine tilth-madc so by
deep blowing. careful narrowing and
firing 81 the soil "a the foundation
Of good gardening II Is essential FOR
tile proper termination and growth
Of young plants The soil must be
friable and free from clods a clod
can hold no plant food In solution. the
only form IN which it Is available for
the plant. Good soil and fine tilth
insure an excellent root system TO
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07

Mrs G. G. LauehoH received word
Friday that her sister Mrs Keluhofer
OF sagola. Mich, was stricken with 4
stroke OF paralysis Mrs. Lanehon
took the first train and was in time
TO spend two nights and a day with
her sister before She passed away,
but was TOO IN 10 attend the funeral.
She returned home Wednesday, pros
trated.
Artid Biork LETT Thursday evening
for Hinsdale H., where he viii enter
a sanitarium IN hopes Of getting some
relief Mr. Biork has not been feeling
well for some time
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07
The Vote In Detail.

Two years ago when the local OPP
ton vote was taken. the first and
third wards Of Crystal Falls were the
only places where wet majorities
were returned They were wet
again this year but the majorities
were small while the other precincts
OF the east side, with the exception Of
Crystal Falls No and Mansfield. re-
turned dry" majorities. Mansfield
went "wet" by and Crystal Falls No.
2 by 49, Crystal Falls city went wet
by A. and the outlying precincts pared
the wet" majority down so that the
east side only returned a majority Of
S On favor of the vets"
Iron River returned a big wet"
majority while stambaugh fell in line
with good sized majorilies ON the same
side
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1917-04-07

SldleIhent tne people look him at his
words and many votes swung to the
wet" column.
Drys Make Campaign.
The campaign that the "drys" put
up is responsible for holding down
the wet majority TO the small size
that 1t showed. Two months ago il
was freely predicted that the county
would 20 wet by a much bigger
majority than that by which it went
dry" two years ago and indications
certainly pointed that way.
The "drys' put up a good campaign
and many dry" voters were held In
line but the blow which had been
dealt their cause by the Intellectual
enforcement of the local option laws
was too deep seated and they were
unable to close the gap
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08

or 1ntercommunicaIl0n and still adhere
to the laws, the precedents and the
book learning of their fathers.
This is OUR great problem. 1t is a
difficult, complicated problem and is
causing a struggle of titanic proper
tiOns-a struggle to throw off in a
night, as it were, the precedentse of an
old world for the realities of new.
Precedent makes towards of us all
But the educator, the scientist and the
inventor have left us no choice We
must adjust our thought and action to
new conditions.
The changes of the last twenty-five
years socially, industrially and econOm-
ically have been great, yet l believe
they are infinitesimal compared to the
changes that are coming.
l believe these changes are going to
deal most largely with the relation
ship of man to man.
The Day of In1ividualism Gone.
LII Jl1lo NOuAlLAJ VIC 11dNC OCCn lIN III 3
in an age of the utmost freedom to the
individual. 1t has been the individual
istic period. when the order of the day
has seemed to be every fellow for him
self and the devil take the hindmost."
We have gloried in the freedom of
the individual and have practised this
| fpno6nuo tn nnint Uyh in ~,
phases of our life. it has amounted to
license to do almost anything that we
pleased or that brought profit or
\ fancied renown, regardless of it's effect
on ones fellowmen.
In the early days. when instantaneous
intercommunication did not exist, when
education was meagre and science un-
! developed. what the individual did was
of comparatively small consequence, for
/ his deeds did not reach very far and
4 did not affect many people.
With ntercOmmunication drawing
the world together in one centralized
community. the act of the individual
can affect a large number of people;
therefore, that form of freedom which
is simply another expression for IL
cense to do as one pieasese can nc
/ longer exist.
When Manhattan was sparsely set
tied and most of the people lived on
! its southern end it would not have
mattered much had there been a case
of smallpox at the north end The pa
tient could have done pretty much as
he pleased without endangering any
one else.
But a case of smallpox in the north
ern end of Manhattan to-day must be
quarantined Immediately to protect
other people.
When l was boy there was no So
ciety for the Prevention of Cruelty tC
Animals, and had any one suggested
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08

Have the men VINO have lived and
worked simply to acquire great for
tunes obtained peace of mind. happi-
ness and honor? How many of them
could answer "Yes"?
Has the country been benefited by
the course they have taken? very
large majority of our counrymen
would answer NO"
On the whole. the individualistic
age has not been a success either lor
the individual, or the community r
which he has lived. or the nation
We are, beyond question entering
on a period where the welfare of the
community takes precedence over the
interests Of the individual ana wne e
the liberty of the individual VIII be
more and more circumsc rtbed for the
benefit of the community as a whole
Mans activities will hereafter be
required to be not only for himself
but for his fellowmen
To my mind there is nothing in the
signs of the times so certain as this
How the Rewards Will Come.
Our only decOration-the almighty
dollar-is receding into the background.
The man of exceptional ability. Of
more than ordinary talent. will here
after look for his rewards for his
honOrs, not in one direction but in
twO:-First-an foremost-in some
public work accomplished, and. sec
ondarily, in wealth acquired
In place of having it said of him at
his death that he left so many hundred
thousand dollars it will be said that he
rendered certain amount of public
service and, incidentally, left certain
amount of money.
Such goal will prove a far greater
satisfaction to him, he will live more
rational, worth while life and he will
be doing his share to provide better
country in which to live
have two reasons for believing that
future conditions will be as | have
briefly sketched them:
First, because the world is being
drawn together in one centralized
community through the wonderful de-
velOpment in science and the marvel
lOus work of the inventor
Second, because in our country
especially we are entering upon new
stage of development. which calls
loudly for men who will render dis
interested public service
We face new conditions, and in
order to survive and succeed we will
require a different spirit of public
service. 4n
One reason why l am strongly for
universal military training is that it
develops in the youth a sense of all
around responsibility to his country
not only in time Of war but in time of
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08
WHY
INDTVIDUALlSM
is AS DEAD
AS A SMELT

\ T A RECENT public \ caring
"A on certain proposed food
legislation which Mr.. Perkins fav-
Ored and which recognized the
necessity. of co-ope ration some one
remarked that the legislation was
a violation of tie principle of
individualism.
Mr.. Perkins retorted, "Individ-
ualism is as dead as smelt."
Mr.. Perkins reasons for his be-
lief are outlined in the following
article
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08

that man could not whip his horse as
much as he pleased he would have been
ridiculed Indeed, in those days the
idea that man had not the right to
beat his own child as he pleased was
given little attention.
When we were all driving horses and
buggieS there was no speed limit and
man did not have to procure
license to drive a horse. With the ad-
vent of the automobile license has
become a necessity. The public must
know that the man who operates an
automobile knows first how to operate
it and, second, to control it.
Society is finding it necessary to take
away much Of what has hitherto been
called freedom of the individual" In
my judgment this process is only in it's
infancy.
The freedom of the business man to
do as he pleases is now being seriously
challenged, and | most heartily agree
with what Mr. John d. Rockefeller. Jr.,
said recently at Cornell University to
the effect that one of the chief quail
ficatiOns for manager of a large busi-
ness concern is rapidly coming to be
the human quality and ability to ad-
just differences between capitalist and
laborer and to understand their rela-
tionship.
Relation of Capital and Labor.
Until recent years little broad think
ing was given to this problem and diff
ferences were settled on the basis of
might makes right" All this is rap
idly changing and we are entering a
period of new industrial relationships.
In the long ago the relationship be,
tween capital and labor was that OF
owner and slave, then came the period
of master and man, then the period Of
employer and empoye, each period
being decided step forward.
In my judgment we are just now en-
tering a period Of copartnership,
where the tool user will be part tool
owner and where capital and labor will
share more equitably in the profits Of
the business in which they are Jointly
engaged.
This advance is inevitable because Of
our educational system, which teaches
the workingman to think for himself
1t is inevitable because intercommuni-
cation has told the workingman in one
community what the workingman in
other communities are striving for and
achieving.
It is inevitable, because strikes and
lockOuts can never be settled satisfac-
tOrily or permanently by merely rails
ing mans wages.
1t is inevitable because it gives sta
bility to business and because it is as
IadVantaGeOuS to canital as TO labor.
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08

AS matter of fact, when working
man strikes it is not merely to obtain
an increase in his wage; that is what
the papers tell us the trouble is. al
about and that is what he asks for; but
way down underneath what he is really
striking for is a larger percentage OF
the profits of the business.
He may not realize this, but, sub
consciously, this is precisely what he
is doing
No mere increase in wages can ever
satisfactorily solve this problem. 1t
can be solved only on the basis of
profit sharing.
BY profit sharing l do not mean
bonus giving. l mean actual profit
sharing plans based on the earnings
of the business, with a fair percentage
to capital and a fair percentage to
labor after ordinary wages and inter
est have been earned.
Profit sharing can be done salts
factorily only when the business con-
cern makes public its transactions, so
that the laborer and the stockhOlder
can know as much about the business
as does the manager himself.
In the adjustment Of difficulties be-
tween capital and labor am conf
dent that open books will accomplish
much more than open shops.
These changes are far-reaching and
fundamental. What are we going to
do about it? What is to be our men
tai attitude? How are we going to
handle these problems?
Can we approach them from the
same point of view as did our fathers,
who lived in a strictly individualistic
age? Can we approach them from the
knowledge we have gained from law
books which were written in the in
dividualistic age? If we do we will
be combating the mighty onward
rush of new thought and new condi-
tions, provided in large measure by
the scientist, the educator, the inven-
tor.
What the Future Holds Forth.
What is the outlook? Is it a sad,
pessimistic future that unfolds? Does
life hardly seem worth living under
the new conditions or does it hold out
an optimistic future, with finer op-
portunities and more worth while
goals?
Let me see if can picture 1t as I
see it.. First, just glance into the
past.
About the only goal we have had
has been the almighty dollar. The
first question asked when a man dies
is, "How much was he worth?" with
scarcely thought as to how much
he did for his community or his coun-
try.
But what has it all amounted tot
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08

peace. He is much more an,
faithful, conscientious servan,
he had not had military trail, Qa
enters public service in TIM
in more nearly the same snin,. d
would enter military service VqI
war-namely, from sense Of ~. uq
duty and desire to serve HI. ''al
and his fellowmen. WI
In recent years we have hoo,
a great deal about goverpmon. '9 w
ship of our railroads. We aro , w
in Germany the railroads ara o.
the government and that their
tion is most successful. Tbiy v
but in Germany conditions o..
different.
The military training Of the v,.
fact. the entire trend of edro.,
Germany is to impress upon tb.
men of that land that they owe
to their country. When a m.n
the governments employ in h
road business he is as conscions
he would be were he entering a
ernment's service in time Of v.,
If our railroads were 70 b.
over and operated by our govo.
at this time, how many Of Won t,,'
would duplicate Germany's snoo,
Government ownership Of ,,n
may be as desirable in this con,s
it is in Germany, but We mpc 1
have public servants who will ., n
come somewhere near the stand.
| Germany's public servants in efss
ard honesty.
Look at the spectacle we ,,
senting to the world at this vor
ment in our pork barrel Ipp,,l
Could we afford to have our rf
operated by the same type Of i.
servants?
If our government is to qndp,
we are to take our proper place q,
the nations Of the world in the nsr
iliZation. the man Of the futuno
live not for himself alone m,
others.
Consideration for one anohe
| speedily becoming a social. hdrcI
and economic necessity.
| Capitalization is the order ofthsi
| The telegraph, the telephone. the n
mobile and the airship are the Can.
They have wiped out not only ojm
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08
By GEORGE w. PERKINS,
Chairman of Mayor MitchePs Food
Supply Committee.

One of the greatest stumbling blocks
TO progress is the human inclination to
follow precedent and old methods too
closely. We find it difficult to strike
out along entirely new lines.
Thomas Jefferson, in his old age,
wrote letter in which he said:-
Some men ascribe to the men of the
preceding age wisdom more than
human, and suppose what they did to
be beyond amendment. l knew that
age [of the Revolutionl well. l be-
longed to it and labored with it. 1t
deserved well of its country. 1t was
very like the present, but without the
experience of the present; and forty
years of experience is worth a cen
tury of book reading; and this they
would say themselves were they to
arise from the dead.
Great Changes Taking Place Rapidly.
The changes that occurred from the
close of the Revolutionary War to JEFF
ferson's old age made deep impress
The Snowflake herald., 1917-06-08

sion on his mind; yet as we look back
at them from this distance they seem
infinitesimal when compared with the
changes that have taken place in the
world the last quarter Of a century and
the tremendous changes taking place
now.
George Washington was a representa-
tive of the best type of American a
century and a half ago. He was a
scholar soldier and a statesman. yet
he did not know as much about science
rs a young schOolboy of to-day.
Thomas A. Edison typifies the scien-
tist of our time, but the gap between
the man of the Edison type ana Wash
ington is probably greater than the gap
between Washington and the man
whose bones were recently discovered
near Trenton, N. j.. said to have lived
125,OOO years ago.
The advances in science, intercOm-
munication and in universal educa-
tion-these three great factors account
for the stupendous progress this coun-
try has made in the last twenty five
years
They have swept away old prece,
dents, old customs, and they will even
tually sweep away many of the laws
now on our statute books.
The man of to-day who does not
fully comprehend all this is doomed to
he somewhat of a failure, while the
man who does comprehend it will have
taken a long stride toward success.
1t is not many years since l was a
lad, and yet at that time there was no
such thing as a telephone. The tele-
graph was in very meagre use; fast ex-
press trains did not exist. 1t took
several weeks to cross the ocean, and
the only flying machine we knew about
was the much derided one possessed
by Darius Green.
Entering New World.
When Abraham Lincoln was Presi-
Gent it took four days or more for a
letter to travel from his home in ILL
nois to New York. 1t took him several
days to go from his home to Washing
ton to be inaugurated And yet only a
few weeks ago a young woman. un
aided and alone. travelled in a flying
machine from Chicago to New York il
eight hours and fifty minutes.
We are just entering new electrical
world, where everything is done, as il
were, on the instant.
Our fathers had none of the moderr
machinery with which social and bust
ness intercourse is now carried on
Their sons are wrestling with the prob
lem Of how to use these new method,