davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
The Word Umbrella.

e The English word umbrella is very
like the Latin. coming through the
italian 'ombbrella," or. little shade
The French, German, Spanish and 9th
ers give itaa distinctive name, such as
.'parapluie,. "regenschirm" and para
guas."
Umbrella and "parasol" are ETY.
mologically precisely the same thing,
but custom has given them the Sdiss
tinctions that we understand today.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
Salt and Toothbrushes.

!, Our dentist tells us very interest.
ing thing. Ordinary salt is one Of
the best methods for sterilizing tooth
brushes that are known But not only
because it sterilizes is it so. excellent,
but because it has the effect of soften
Ing the bristles and making them ex-
pand in way. One of the troubles so
frequently met with isfthat the bristles
come out and are swallowed, causing
appendicitis. The salt causes the bris-
ties to swell and so remain in the
brush. This may be but another of
the several million theories. 1t is i'm
portant, however. that bristles do cause
appendicitis York Globe.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03

March 18th to April 5th)
STATE OF WIS CONSIN. COUNTY COURT
FOR bayfield, COUNTY,,
In the Matter of the Estate of IN ob.+a
Carl Gotthard Sundell,
Deceased
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, That at the.
special-Term of said Court to be held on the
second Tuesday Of = April, ID. d. 1917, at
the court House in the City of Washburn,
County of Bayfield, and State of Wisconsin,
there will be heard and considered the APP
plication of - John Sundell, 80 for the ap.
pointment of an administrator of the estate
of Carl Gotthard Sundell, late of the City :
of Washburn, in said County. deceased;
NOTICE is HEREBY FURTHER GIVEN.
That at the Regular Term of said Court to
be held at said Court House, on the First
Tuesday of August. A. D. 1917. there will
be heard considered and adjusted, all
claims against said Carl Gotthard Sundell.
deceased; AZ
AND NOTICE rs HEREBY FURTHER
GIVEN, That allsuch claims for examin-
alton and allowance must be presente ed to
said County Court at the Court House. in
the City of Washburn. in said County and
State. on or before the 10th day of July.
- A. d. 1917, or be forever barred.
Dated March 10th. 1917, y
BY the Court,
H. p. Axelberg, Judge.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
IRON RIVER
Pioneer


Pioneer
More than half a dezennboys hav
enlisted, and more are laying Their
lplans to go in IA few days.
On Monday afternoon, Phillip
Elliott, who had been employed as
baggage m n at the N. P depot.
and James Moran. clerk in the
Farmers Store, decided to go,ranc
Paul Fl ostrawser made up his miro
on short notice to jim them. AL!
three left on the afternoon train fol
ISuperior, aud big crowd gathered
Fat the depot to see. them { fl and
wish them good luck and d safe re
turn.
A,number of Finish people re-
siding in the town OF Oulu have
been making practice Of using
nets of various kinds in the lakes
and streams Of this vicinity, if re
ports which have reached the con
servation wardens are true, and the
wardens say that they 10 lend to put
stop to this unlawful practice il
they have TO deal severely will
these flinders,
/ On his recent visit to Minneapo
| lis, b. f.. C'Hara, of this city, visit
ed with Mr.. and M s.. ] b. s.Sull val
who we're residents of this city fol
many years, and he found them en-
! ipying good heal'h aud getting
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
Others Have Had the Same Desire.

Two high school girls came into the
criminal courtroom a few days ago
just after a case had been tried and
the jury had been locked up in the
jury room for deliberation.
MAY we listen to this case?' one of
the girls asked an officer Of the court.
"They just finished the case" replied
the official land the. jury is now de
batting what its verdict should be-"
MAY I'VE go and listen to the, jury
debateY' they asked
And then. the official enlightened
them on one phase of the jury system
-IndianapoliseN
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03

i.:naa Evl1g.lic,l Luth. Church
Services every Sunday at 10
a. m. Sunday School immediate.
ly after services. Every Mon
day, Wednesday and Friday at
4:15 Catechism lessons. Satur-
DAYS German School from 9 a.
M. to 3 p. m. Every German
Lutheran iscordiaIIy invited IT,
attend all our services.
f. Krenke Pastor.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
BAYFIELD,

Press.
Mrs. Dora Crawford, of Grand
view, who spent the winter as a
guest of Mrs. L. A. Robinson. re-
turned to her home Wednesday
afternoon.
Roy Hellweg. who resigned his
position with the Express company
at A. hland about month ago, aud
who has since been located at Du-
luth, arrived in the city today with
a team of horses and u large amount
of household goods. He is enroute
to Russell Crossing. where he will
engage in the farming business thie
summer ON the Hector Lamont
farm.
Don G. Bell was business visitor
in the county seat city between
trains Aonday fOrenoon.
Mrs. Nelson Palm and daughter
Miss Alma Palm, of Washb1rn.
were in the city thursday to at
tend funeral services held for the
little son of Mr.. and Mrs. Earnest
Nordin.
Mr.. and Mrs. D. S. Knight and
two children. who have been spend
ing the winter with RELATIVES in
Oshkosh. returned TO this city the
first of the week to remain during
the Forthcoming summer,
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
March 22nd to April 26th)

STATE OF WISCONSIN, IN CIRCUIT
COURT, BAYFIELD, COUNTY.
High Court Superior Disability and Funera
Benefit Association. United Order of Forest
ers. a corporation.
Plaintiff,
VS.
Christian D. Howard,
Defendant.
THE STATE OF WISCONSIN TO THE
SAID DEFENDANT:
You are hereby summoned to appear with
in twenty days, after service of this sum.
mons exclusive of the day of service, and
defend the above entitled action in the court
aforesaid; and in case of your failure to do,
judgment will be rendered agaidst you &C.
cording to the demand of the complaint, OF
which copy is herewith served upon you.
w. M. Steele.
Plaintiffs Attorney,
P.O. Address: Superior. Douglas County
Wisconsin.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
Substitute For Tobacco.

Throughout the tropical orient the
natives employ substitute for tobac.
co consisting of a slice of9areca palm
nut, wrapped in betel leaf, favored
with fine lime made of native sea-
shells and colored with carmine. The
habit is universal, especially with the
women, and sellers of "betel nut may
be seen on many Of the street corners
In Saigon and other cities Of Indo
China
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03

March 18th to Apr. 26th)
STATE OF WISCONSIN. CIRCUIT COURT
BAYFIELD, COUNTY
Henry Schweppe,
Plaintiff.
.It VS.. Summons
Aware Burke Hill.
Defendant. J
The State of Wisconsin to the said defend
ant:
You are hereby summoned to appear with
in twenty (2O) days after the service of this
summons exclusive of the day of service
and defend the above. entitled action in the
court aforesaid; and in case of your failure
so to DO. judgment will be rendered against
you according to the demands ofsthe COM
plant of hich copy is on file herein in
the Office of Clerk of the Circuit Court OF
bayfield, County, Wisconsin. -
H. G. Pickering,
Attorney for Plaintiff,
90. Address 1921 Wisconsin Bldg.
Superior. Wisconsin.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
Poison Upon Their Cheeks.

Professor M p Philbriekl of the
University, of Washington told the
Washington State Pathological society
that women of the seventeenth cen
fury powdered theirncheeks with cor
rosive sublimate (bichloride of mer.
cury) and with white lead. And they
perfumed their gloves with ambergris.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03

along first rate ia every way. Mr..
Sullivan is conducting small
grocery buriness out in presidential
district-on Goth street. swest-and
epi, D good ,tr9de from the resi-
den is of that n ghborhood.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
April 5th to May 1Otf

STATE OF WISCONSIN: IN CIRCUIT
COURT: BAYFIELD, COUNTY,:
T. r. Spears. Plaintiff,
vs.
Austin Carson and
Dean Carson, Defendants.
THE STATE OF WISCONSIN to the said
defendants.
You are hereby summoned to appear
within twenty days after service of this
summons, exclusive of the day of service
and defend the above entitled action in the
court aforesaid; and in case of your failure
so to do, judgment will be rendered against
you according to the demand of the COM
plant, of which copy is herewith served
upon you.
E. c. Alvord
4" Attorney for Plaintiff.
Post office address
Washburn. Bayfield, Co. Wis.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
Good Likeness.

Ibid Miss Sourgirl, have her photo
graphs taken yesterday
Yes.
4 "Good likenessY'
Yes; must have been,. for she re-
fused to have them and demanded an
other sitting. "-Exchange
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03
Money to Loan at Lowest Int. Rate,

We have long and short time
money to loan on fam and City
property. No delay. We want the
volume of business to make up for
the cut in interest rates. Call or
write me. Geo. G.. Macdonald,
Bristol Block, Ashland, Wisconsin
Any ore having trees to trim or
garden work of any kind done. call
Frank Torbol. This is the time to
start.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1917-05-03

STATE OF WISCONSIN,: CIRCUIT COURT:
BAYFIELD, COUNTY
Henry Hasler, Plaintiff,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
The Menace of Mandinga Bay

OF course. nothing Of the kind could
have happened in a European war game,
not could it have happened here had the
armies possessed an aviation service. But
neither "army" had so much as kite. For
that matter. they did not even possess field
telephones or a complete wireless equip
ment. the latter having been suddenly
called to the Mexican border. These new
tangled contrivances are lacking in Pan
anna. Uncle Sam being thrifty and con-
sentative about such things.
This unfamiliarity with their surround
ings should by no means reflect upon the
industry or ability of the men down there.
Heaven knows they have done and are do
ing all they have time and means TO DO, but
the country is difficult. the climate trying,
the Jungle vast, and not until recently was
rho original medieval scheme of defence
amended. The officers have explored and
manned. the men have cut jungle and built
trails. working side by side with Jamaica
negroes. who, let it be said in passing, re-
ceive twice the soldiers pay, and all that
under most trying and discouraging eli
matte conditions.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25

shouting distance of the dams; they should
be far out, beyond the borders Of the
Canal Zone, beyond the range Of an enc
my's heaviest field artillery.
If army officers were not denied the
privilege of free speech, if those stationed
in the Zone were not impressed by the
grim realities of their task and the hope
lessness of accomplishing it in the FACE of
public apathy, | am sure those grassy bat
tegrounds would come in for many jest.
But our officers are gagged. And besides,
they realize too keenly the results of in
adequate defensive measures to feel the
least amusement at blunders which serve
only to saddle them with additional handi-
CABS.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
American Domination Is Vital

A discussion of Canal defences must, IN
the nature of things, widen to include this
problem Of naval bases, and not alone
bases close to the Canal but others as far
distant as the West Indies. American
domination Of the Caribbean is vital, not
only to the Canal and the currents Of trade
destined to flow through it, but also TO the
protection of our exposed South Atlantic
and Gulf seaboards.
For long time naval men have real
lied that Guantanamo, our Cuban base,
is wellnigh impossible Of defence, and have
advocated the establishment Of strongly
protected base at SANTANA Bay, Santo Do
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
I.s Defences Are the Most Amazing Ex.
annie of Americas Unpreparedness,
Says Rex Beach in Warning
to His COuntrymen

1. hs study Of the detences Of the Pan
Canal Mr.. Beach had free access to
,,l sources OF authoritative irformd-
:. He spent weeks studying the prob
s,st hand. Here he tells in public,
a., ,orrDlsts, first hand Ue7ifcat'on Of
/. ,,,tements, what has long been conf
,..;,ry kuotcn IN American army end
..rnl circIes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25

cease playing at defence, so far as Pan
anna is concerned; if we wish to keep the
ditch. we must build forts where they are
needed, we must adequately man the Zone,
we must protect the neighboring harbors
and link up the entire system with ade-
quate trails, roads and railways. Nor is
that all the Canal must be provisioned for
siege, it must be stored with ammuni-
ton, equipment and provisions; its waste
lands must be turned into pastures and
gardens against that day when its defend
ers. isolated from the homeland, are called
upon to fight back to back.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
Joke Wall Behind Fort Sherman

There is one standing joke on the Zone,
however, which provokes a smile among
even the most serious-minded of them, and
that is the wall behind Fort Sherman. l.
is an artificial stone fence, pierced by en-
brasures, built to guard the defences of
Toro Point from land attack. A stone
fence is perhaps a better shelter than
long stockade, but neither can be called the
last word in military engineering. The
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
3ANANA CANAL THE NATIONS VULNERABLE SPOT

tons, landing is not quite so easy a mat
ter. but there are, nevertheless, several
harbors close by, all of which are unde-
Tended and some of which could De quickly
converted into formidable enemy bases. To
prevent an attack on either shore opposi-
ton should be made first az the point OF
landing. Without roads and rails we
could not offer that opposition.
Impossible to Reinforce When War Comes
Unless we are prepared TO build new
forts, new wagon and rail roads, and main
tain at all times an adequate garrison, we
had better scrap the guns we have IN the
Zone. remove our soldiers and leave the
Canal TO the tender mercies of whonrso-
ever chooses 20 take it. Any intermediate
course vii, be futile, for TO add to the guns
or 20 reinforce the garrison, after war has
become a fact, will be so nearly impossible
as TO discourage consideration This ]
take from the report Of the commanding
officer Of the Zone forces, Brigadier Gen
erai Clarence R. Edwards, submitted by
him to the Committee on Military Affairs
Of the United States Senate.
We may as we'll have done with half
measures and face the facts We must
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
No knowledge of Country

During my last visit TO Panama / was
struck by peculiar circumstance. viz, the
lack of accurate knowledge. even among
the military men stationed there, of the
surrounding country. For instance, the
upper reaches Of the Chagres River, which
in large part supplies the water for the
Canal. are as mysterious as that River OF
Doubt further south. 1t is said that no
white man has ever been to its head; GER
ta!nly it was nearly as well known to Nor
gan's buccaneers as it is TO our soldiers.
Another instance: not later than this
spring an officer on d reconnaissance trip
stumbled upon, or into, another uncharted
river. and followed it down to the coast a
few miles outside of the Zone, reaping
much local publicity by his exploit.
Again. during this years maneuvres a
no less surprising discovery occurred. An
attacking force had landed west Of the
Pacific end Of the Canal and defending
force was sent out to meet and defeat 1t.
This latter force was composed Of troops
which had been engaged in exploring and
mapping this particular region and were
therefore supposed 10 be familiar with It,.
II took stand behind a range of hills
through which there were three passes.
Having seized those gaps its defensive
problem seemed simple; it would doubtless
have so remained had not the invaders I'M
expectedly poured through fourth and
hitherto unknown pass. surprising and de-
feating the defenders. thereby, in the opin-
ion of the umpires, making good the capt
rra Of the Canal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
Defence That Is Waste

In searching for the solution one re-
ceives the stunning intelligence that the
scheme of defence of the Canal was laid
out by eleven men in eleven days. The
further one looks the more reasonable
sounds the statement; looking far enough,
one wonders what those eleven men did
with themselves during at least week Of
their time. Certain it is that their orig
inal plans have proven wofully deficient,
and whether they spent eleven days or
eleven months at the JOB they failed mis-
erablv of their duty and much of their
work was wasted
II is a rule Of military practice that
ANYTHING less than adequate defence, COM
pletc preparedness, is complete waste.
There is no such thing as reasonable de-
fence" no matter how valiantly Congress
NAV strive to convince us of the contrary
In view of this we must reluctantly admit
that our Canal defences, so far as they at
present 90, afford painful example OF
waste and short-sightedness. Not only are
they inadequate to perform the duty I'M
posed upon them, but they constitute
nositive weakness-a real and actual men
ace-in that they themselves require more
protection than we can give and render
the Canal a more tempting prize than II
would otherwise be.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
REX BEACH SAYS OF THE PANAMA CANAL:

ThafteG nDant OF 'HshiO
fleet ming
Canal
a for quek bH
oreinor t
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25

Of two. one man in place Of three? Can
we afford to take suicidal chances or shall
we make of the Canal another Gibraltar,
another Helgoland:
Ar Inadequate Garrison
To do the last will require not .ess than
$4,000 troops quote the best authority
and to make those troops effective they
viii require heavy mobile artillery, an
elaborate eystem of military roads and
coastwise railways, armored cars and
trucks and many other things. none of
which we possess, all of which VIII have
10 be built.
The present garrison comprises about
one-third of the estimated number of men
required. and they are equipped with only
the lightest field artillery. Doubtless they
would be able to prevent invasion by
raiding party, if there were any means Of
promptly transporting them and their sup
plies TO the threatened landing point, but
outside of a few trials, very few niles of
netaled wagon roads, there is no such
means of transportation, There IS not
even a road across the isthmus. The gar
rison is CHARTERED at various places on :he
Zone. and in case the Canal were de-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25
Tn. Blunder at the Vital Organs

Il was also a part Of the general scheme
Of defence 10 girdle the vital organs OF the
Canal. such as Gatun, Pedro Miguel and
MjraAores, with belts of land cleared for
fighting, and this was done at very con-
siderable expense. The dams were encir-
eled by grassy, pasture-like zones, behind
which a system Of trenches was dug. 1t
costs considerable TO keep these meadows
and trenches cleared for action. Inc
amazing feature Of them is that they are
within rife shot of the points they are de
signed to protect. II requires less thah
the rudiments Of military knowledge 10
convince one that they represent LABOR
lost. an almost utter waste, since the
Canal is doomed if an enemy approaches
within ten miles Of the locks. Those clear
ings should not be within shooting ana
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25

One more instance of this surprising
lack of accurate local information. IL was
not until this spring, twelve years after
the Canal was commenced, that the threat
ening possibilities of Mandinga Bay as an
enemy base were recognized. This bay is
a splendid harbor on the San Bias coast
about sixty miles distant from the Canal.
II is a perfect landing place; could be
easily seized and easily defended; it would
constitute a base from which there exists
an easy approach to Gatun by compare
lively level route. Like Porto Bello, 1t is
a positive menace so long as it remains un-
guarded. The amazing thing is that Its
Importance was but just appreciated
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25

and enables US TO lift ships over the con-
tinental divide. 1t is the most gigantic
single piece of engineering which human
hands have ever accomplished and 1t
forms the very heart of the great water
way Nevertheless, its locks and spillway
are delicate mechanisn1s, which a single
blast would cripple or destroy, thus dis
charging the waters Of that inland sea.
To discover that the intricate, nicely bal
anced machinery which controls those
waters is an inviting target at which foe
can fire at his leisure comes as disagree
able surprise Work on the dam was
begun twelve years ago and the plans are
at last under way to fortify the mouth of
the Chagres, but government work is slow
at best, and for probably five years to
come those steel gates will remain exposed
to naval attack.
What an Enemy Fleet Could Do
The situation at the Pacific terminus is
not dissimilar. Naval men speak Of
dead area" out of range of the guns on
Naos, Perico and Flamenco Islands, where
a heavily armed enemy ship could lie while
it smashed the new Balboa drydock, the
Mirahores locks and perhaps even the
locks at Pedro Miguel.
Nor is this the only, or perhaps the
greatest, defect of the Pacific defences.
There are others which, once explained,
induce wonder and profanity in the lay
man.
Abreast of Balboa, the southern ter
minus of the Canal. and close to shore we
have fortified the three rocky islets above
named, and as Notifications go / am as
sured that the world offers nothing finer,
but about eight miles further out to sea
and lying almost athwart this entrance to
the Canal are three larger and much
higher islands which would afford TO an
attacking or blockading feet protection
against direct fire They form a line Of
high barricades with openings between,
like the embrasures in a giant parapet,
through which an enemy eolid direct his
fire the while he exposed himself only in
passing from one shelter to another.
Furthermore, the prism of the Canal,
i. e., it's dredged channel, extends some
1000 yards beyond our outermost fort to
deep water. This means that an Ameri-
can feet of war emerging from the Canal
would, while in single column, be under
enemy fire for mile or more before 1t
could assume battle formation. In other
words. each one of our ships in turn would
be the target of the enemy's concentrated
fire for the length of time required TO
steam that distance. Disaster might we'll
result from disadvantages less than this.
We are at last moving to fortify those
outer islands. or one of them, but here,
200. no haste is apparent and years will
elapse before it is done. Why it was not
done in the first place. why the mouth OF
the Chagres was not fortified, is mys-
terry.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-02-25

Downright. 1917, by the Wheeler syndt
cate, ine)