davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
DECLARES THAT GREAT BRITAIN
WILL NOT REPUDIATE WAR DEBT
A. Bonar Law, Chancellor Of the Exchequer,
Denounces Rumors That Country Will
Fail to Meet Some Of It's Liabilities.

Correspondence Of the Associated Press.
LONDON, Saturday. December. 49,
Great Britain will not repudiate her
war debt, declares A. Bonar Law, the
chancellor of the exchequer. in an open
letter which he has caused to be pub
lished and in which he denounces ru-
mors that the country would fail to
meet some of the liabilities incurred in
the war. In his letter the chancellor
states:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
NEXT GERMAN move
IS TOPIC At FRONTS
Students Speculate as to Man.
ner and Point of Threat
ened "Strike."
ALLIES ARE OPTIMISTIC
BIZ EDWARD PRICE BELL.

By EDWARD PRICE BELL.
to The Sunday Star ana
Chicago Daily News. CopyTighf, 1917.
LONDON. December 2se-win the Ger
mans strike and strike hard7 II they
do where will they strike? These ques-
lions continually recur at the British
and French fronts. Nobody answers
with much assurance. Speculation runs
the whole gamut of possibilities. One
student of the situation says: In order
to consolidate her position in central
Europe Germany will get make-be-
lieve peace with Russia and then launch
determined ofrensives successfully
against Italy and the allied army At
Salsliki. with her rear and left flank
thus cleared, assuming that her Of
fensives succeed. she will bring the ag-
greeate power Of the Germanic coali-
ton to bear upon the western front.
Another interpreter Of possible Gers
man strategy says:
pected at the earliest favorable op,
portunity against some portion OF the
western line. Most probably these ef-.
forts will be directed against that por-
strength is being gradually developed
Germany has not only had . taste but
a bellyful of the British and French
veterans, and she may fancy that the
Americans will offer her more delicate
morsel"
Yet another analyst Of possibilities
says:
Depending on Two Things.
"Germay is depending upon two things
for victory. The first is peace with Rus
STA, and the second Is a successful peace
offensive, sustained by a valiant blur rs
to what she can and will do. am con-
fident that no real military offensive
will be undertaken. Germany will never
motto now is not On to conquer the
world by sheer force but We must
hold what we have gained and wrest
from the allies peace that VIII leave
US the foundations Of ultimate victory.
have ca-bled about the prevalence
Of concern--which is not the samD
thing as anxiety-on the western front.
This concern springs from these uncer.
tainties relative to Germany's plans.
What one knows and all that one re-
ally knows is that the allies are pre-
pairing for any eventuality. confident.
as the result of much experience that
when the test comes they will not be
found wanting.
Quite possibly German does look upon
the Americans as comparatively REDUCE
BILE material. for they have yet to be
toughened by the grim exercises of
war, but, as Gen. Pershing has said. he
is not going to throw into the limo an
improvised army. but an army organ
lied and trained to the topmost level
capacities of his comrades in the field.
In due course. Hindenburg will md his
American soldier and ascertain OF what
stuff he is made.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
To Lecture on q. S. Part in War.
of the Associated Press.

Correspondents OF the Associated Press
PARIS. December S.-Dr. Herbert
Adams Gibbons has begun an extensive
program Of lectures in important cities
on what the United States Is Doing in.
the War;" for the COMMITTEES ON the ef1
forts of France and her allies, OF which
stephen Pichon. minister Of foreign ale
fatxa. - chairman. =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
EWS FROM ACROSS THE SEAS FOR SUNDAY STAR READER
PREDICTS SIflN FEM
CLASH INVOLVING
CATHOLIC CLERCYMEN
Cablexran to The Sunday Star
and New York world (copy-
right, 1017).

LONDON. December 2s.-The
Morning Post gives prominence
to a statement that, in the very
near future. there probably will
be a direct collision between the
Sim Feiners and the Roman
Catholic church, collision that
may involve some of the clergy.
1t is persistently asserted the
bishops have received. or are
about to receive, definite instruc-
tions from the Vatican on the
Sim Fein problem.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
Air Victories for French.

In spite of the small number of Ger
man airplanes found in the sky lately,
several French aces have added new VIC
tories to their lists Capt. Deullin shot
down his nineteenth enemy machine.
and Adjt. Guerin his eighth. Lieut.. Mar
ty. one of the recent aces, was injured
by making a bad landing.
The funeral services Of Capt. Delatour,
the fighting ace killed Monday in an acct
dent caused by dense fog. was moving
and impressive Many of the greatest
French airmen were present. The fallen
airrnan started in the war as a cavalry
officer. After the cavalry was forced into
inaction by the trench warfare he trans
ferred to the aviation service Joining
the storlS squadron. he was a comrade Of
Capt Guynemer and Capt. Anger. Under
lieut.. dOrme and other heroes, now dead.
His first victory was obtained in the
Amiens region July 9, 1916. In eighteen
days he shot down four German machines.
He was first named In the French official
communicates September IS. 1916. His
ninth and last victim was shot down be-
hind the French lines May last. Capt.
Delatour was decorated with the Legion
OF Honor and the war cross with many
citations. One brother has also fallen on
the field of honor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
Woodpi1e May Conceal One.

They may be anywhere. these Shippers.
That woodpile. thirty feet ahead of you,
though you think you can distinguish
every separate piece in 1t, may contain
sniper with his rifle accurately
sighted at your head. have seen one
of these heaps on sudden rise from
the ground, with a rife cleaning from
amid its folds. Grass. foliage. un-
evenness OF the earth. ragged parapet
lines and many other things may cover
brave man who waits. without actual
protection from the enemy bullets,
either to watch or to kill.
Formerly German bullets Of a GER
tain type pierced the thin steel shield
screening the British snipers and OBJ
servers The British at first had no
similar small arm ammunition. The
Germans said 1t would take the British
at least two years to make any such
ammunition. Before the Germans
knew where they were, the British not
only were piercing the Germans
shields, but were making for them
selves shields that the Germans could
not pierce.
What a wonder is a snipers' trench!
How discerning and deadly 1t is. 1t
bristles with false targets and Is
honeycombed with invisible holes for
rifles and machine guns. The men be-
hind its sandbag ridges lie in narrow
dark holes by the hour. Usually there
are two together, one with his eye
glued to the telescope sights on the
gun and the other ever gazing through
his telescope.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
German Chasing Pilot Killed.

One of the best of the German chasing
pilots. Underlieut. Boehme, who was
credited with twenty-four victories, has
been killed in an aerial battle. Although
the French no longer announce the tri-
umphs OF their aviators, the Teuton armies,
still do so. The Won Richthofen brothers.
both OF whom were wounded last Septem-
Der. again appear in the enemy COM
muniques. For Capt Baron Won Rich
thofen sixty-three victories are now claim
ed and for Lieut.. Won Richthofen twenty
six The other German aces include
Underlieut- Muller. with thirty-seven vic
tories: Underlieut Buckler. with thirty
victories: underlieut. Won Buiow. with
twenty-eight: Lieut.. Berthold, twenty
seven: Underlieut. Wustoff, twenty-sIx :
Underlieut- Bongartz, twenty-six: Under
lieut. Klein. twenty-five. and Underlieut.
Won Eschwege. flying on the Saloniki
front, twenty victories
Austrian aviation claims two aces of
note-Capt Birumowsky. with twenty
seven victims. and Candidate Officer Ar
right: plotting hydroaeroplane, with
twenty-one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
Know Real Article.

Britain and France are slowly getting,
to know the real article, and their inn
pressions are blended surprise and ad.
mfration. Instead of finding that the
Americans are buffers and gasbags
they are amazed by their eagerness TO
learn. their disciplined minds their
prediction for self-criticism and their
Jealous and orderly habits in pursujnr
the knowledge they must have IL thew
are to fight good fight and keen the
faith to the imperishable benefit and
glory of their country
Overwhelmingly the allied troons ar.
optfmfsts. but there are pessimi.te
among them. There are pessimfsfs IN
every army and in every country in Eu
rope: For my own part call pessfmisIn
In this war a libel upon God. To he
pessimistic Is to say that God may
tolerate the triumph of a criminal nur-
derous. ravaging. incendiary conspiracv
against civilization. Pessimism saws thj,
though God is assumed to be onnniscjenf
omnipresent and omnipotent. Any chtId
1t seems to me, should know that even
a moderately decent man POSSESSING
these qualities would see to n fh.t
brutal might should not win over rjpbt
Optimism comes to the vast majority
OF the allied people in this war he
lfeve because Of their study of the
moralties and the map. Moral philosophy
teaches them that mendacfty and criyne
cannot crush truth and righteousness
me map shows them that four-fifths OF
the world-and this four-fifths com.
handing the water surface of the globe
lis either morally or actively at war
with those who would reduce the non
potence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
Will Find Allies Prepared.

This same authority adds that ANY
offensive the enemy may deem himself
able to undertake will find our allies
prepared to offer victorious resistance.
Experience in the war zone seems am
ply to confirm these statements. Great
movements Of troops are in progress.
Guns of all calibers glut the military
roads Fresh strength. human and me-
chanical. is flowing toward the fighting
line over its whole length. At Brit
fish ordnance depot where I stood in the
midst of a wilderness of camouf1aged
guns all ready for the front found an
especially sanguine British officer. And
/ shall tell you why he was sanguine.
He was sanguine because he knew.
At another point not far from where
German high explosive shrapnel was
bursting ] ran across a British officer OF
notably robust faith. His specialties arc
sniping. observation and reconnaissance.
As a sniper he has killed more Germans.
they say, than has any other man in the
British uniform. His passion for his job
is amazing. His staff of life is not bread,
but devices for outwitting and putting
steel-cored bullets through German heads.
He Is abnormally tall and as thin as he is
tall. He thinks so much that he sleeps
little, and almost every morning he wakes
with some new anti-German mischief
fructifying in his brain
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
Doubts Ability Of People.

We hear that he doubts the ability
of the people of the United States 20
bear the sanguinary facts Of modern
war. He has said: wait till the
Americans get the casualty lists. Then
they will rue the day that they came
to Europe to NEEDLE in its affairs, and
they will reconsider their position"
IS if Americans were unacquaInted
with casualty lists and unacquainted
with war that costs human life, As II
American history had been free from
hardship. ignorant of heroism and
fortitude. and ready to accept freedom,
but lacking the will and nerve to tight
for it,
However low Hindenburg,s estimate
OF the soldierly qualities of the Amer
leans found no Briton or Frenchman
who had seen them and formed an un-
favorable opinion of them Both in in
telligence and physique these alert and
shapely sons of America leave nothing
to be desired. Modest they are, and In
shis respect they represent not super
fetal but fundamental America. Shall
low, loud-mouthed men from the states
nave been too numerous in Europe In
the past, and they gave rise to a mis-.
tsading tradition about our country.
They came to look and talk. MANY
were not Americans at all.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
Hazard In Rushing" a Trench.

Rushing a trench is only another name
for dire jeopardy Misunderstanding
sandbag ends, not to mention other perils
fall forward disclosing the muzzies of
machine guns. which belch bullets at the
rate OF 500 a minute. And yet men make
these PUSHES and live. In an hour at
the front one may talk with scores of
persons who have passed through zones
humming with bullets like swarm of
bees and attained their detectives with
nothing more poignant than an excellent
appetitei
left this academy Of systematfzed
mystery designed 70 project death from
unseen sources with a new respect for
human daring and wit I'm this sort OF
business we now have the Germans
down" said the officer, and II was not dif-
hcllt to believe him
u gave me great pleasure to find here
q number of clean-cut American officers
learning the ms and outs OF sniping OBJ
servation and reconnaissance for the BEN
eft OF the American Army And 1t was
gratifying to learn that one OF these off,
GERS. a shy man, who carried with him
MS little typewrtters. excelled all the 9TH
ers In the neatness and completeness OF
the notes he made on the lectures he at
tended.
On to the firing linei Snow was falling in
huge fakes and a raw wind carried II
slantwise across the roads, fields and
woods We passed through Ypres, ap-
preaching the ruined town by the PEPPER
inshe road, where SO much blood OF SOL
dfers and civilians has been shed Every
where we mixed with convoys and los.
TING masses OF khaki-clad men. Some
looked Ike hopeless confusion. buA It ali
issued in perfect order Such are the
marvels Of armies in motion
Wreck Of Wrecks, Now.
Ypres I had seen twice before. on
both occasions apportioning my time
between scanning the ruins and taking
shelter from German aircraft and Ger
man shells. II Ypres was a wreck when
] saw II first 1t is a wreck of wrecks
now. No trace of the beauty of st.
Marin's Church or Of the famous cloth
hall remains. Both are shapeless. ugly
as Souchez. for example. but all SEM
blance Of beautiful architecture is gone
out of IT. 1t is utter ruin.
We passed right through the town
ana saw hell fire corner" east of it.
We visited 'Dickeybush." KENNEL Hill
and Wyschaete and walked forward
into the hideous desolation of Mes
sines ridge. All about us lay the thick
enfng snow. Black tracks across the
plain pointed the way to the front.
We trudged along the back track.
our caps and coats shrouded In snow
On on r ss,st the front we found Brit
burning fringe. SO TO speak. of the
British strength in France. Parallel
with 1t and at a little distance ran the
German counter-wire. Each faced the
other and neither at the moment was
moving. We inspected the trenches
and dugouts. All were icy and muddy.
Sturdy British hands were pumping
out dugouts which had been built by
the Germans and had been lost by them
and which were from half to two
thirds full Of water.
Let NJ look 1t Tommy and gauge hi
quality. His fAce - deeply tanned, his
ba1y = tsugh and his WIN u lilEs India rub.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-30
SHOW CONCERN, YES;
BUT HAVE. N0FEAR
British and French Armies
Ever Alert and Ever Strength
ening Positions.
CONDITIONS IN WAR ZONE
BY EDWARD PRICE BELL.
CabIegram to The Sunday Star anu
Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1917.

Chicago Daily News. Copyright 1917.
LONDON, December 2s.-What is the
state of mind Of the British and French
armies in their wintry surroundings at
this war-locked holiday time? Are they
fearful lest the German avalanche crash
over them and bury free society In the
wreck Some days of observation among
these armies leads me to say no. Con-
Germ there is. 1t is reflected in all COM
petent discussion in the war zone. There
is scarcely a private. 1 think. who is not
aware of the adverse factor of the recent
Developments on the other fronts
Concern there is, but not fear. The
British remember Ypres and are hope1ui.
The French remember Verdun and nave
few misgivings. Both recall the fact that
the German arms have had the worst OF 1t
in every notable action since the opening
of the great battle of the Somme. Britons
and Frenchmen know their Teutonic ad-
versary and are ready for anything ne
may attempt. France tells US semi-offi-
cially:
sThe French and British armies are
now profiting by the period of cold ana
snow to take all dispositions and meas
ures necessary in view of the new phase
on which the war is entering"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-10-25
SAVE GRAIN, RAISE
MORE LIVE STOCK,
IS HOOvta'S PLEA
Declares Success of the World War
Against Autncraes Dependent ess q
American Farmer.
VISION OF WAR NOT ONE
OF PROFITS AND GUARANTEES
But of Brave Men Dying and Women
and Children acknowledgements
Herds as Policy for Peace as Well
AS War.

Washington, Oct. IA strong an
peal for the conservation of grain and
the increase of live stock production
TO meet war needs was issued today
by Herbert c. Hoover. head Of the
United States food administration.
The success of the world against au-
tocracy depends very largely on the
American farmer. he declared
my vision OF war is not of an aca-
demic problem to DE solved by guar
artees and profits" he said. ITO me u
n q vision OF brave, dying men ana
suffering women and children. for ser
vice in whose behalf the greater exer-
ton of the American farmer comes as
n direct necessity and direct plea.
The whole problem Mr.. Hoover
sSvs, is one Of ships. Ships cannot be
spared to bring Australian and Indian
wheat. Animal products take up less
shipping room than fodder.
THE tourney to Australia and India
requires three times the time OF the
one to North America and thus three
ttraes as many ships to transport the
same quantity.
Furthermore. the American route is
best protected, Mr.. Hoover says.
III ample shipping existed there
would be no heed of saving or fncreas-
ed production OF wheat on the part ct
the American people. But on the
other hand If we can produce such
economies in consumption and such
Of production In the United
State and Canada as will enable us to
| feed the allies absolutely from this
continent, and thus enable them in
| the final analysis to live without send
| ing ship farther afield than our At
| Ia ntic seaboard. we can resist the sub
marines indefinitely"
i Food animals are more important
problem than wheat. Mr.. Hoover saws
i From the viewpoint OF orr allies
who observe the constant shortening
! OF shipping. a most likely policy is tc
eat their animals and thus have room
| to produce more bread grains at home
an fto increase their imports of mea:
nraducts from abroad nv 50 ,loinc
they can make better use OF the ship
ping facilities. but there are limits even
/ to this Europe, so far as 1t is able
must preserve its milk herds for the
vital existence Of nation depends Up.
! on its supply OF fresh milk"
Mr. Hoover concluded his appeal by
declaring announcement of the ami
rial industry not emily vital war
necessity. but sound national policy
| to be continued In time OF peace.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-10-25
METHODIST UNION
HAS STRONG SUPPORT
But Details Havss Not Yet Been Work
cd Out Relative to Coiored
Churches.

Atlantic City, N. j., Oct. 24,--The
pending unihcation of the Methods,
Episcopal church and the Methodist
Episcopal Church. South. was today
declared to have the strong endorse
ment of the leaders OF both churches
This statement was contained in a re-
port made to the poarc OF bishops by
Bishop Earle Cranston, OF Washing
ton. Bishop Cransten is chairman OF
the commission appointed two years
ago, when the movement first took
form since the secession. Bishop w
A. Gambler, of Atlanta. is head of the
Southern commission.
The chief difficulty in the way OF
swift accomplishment lies in effectine
a reorganization acceptable to the
membership at large or both
churches.
Leaders of the church In the South
desire to separate churches having
negro members. The Methodist Epis-
copal church wishes TO retain the ne
groes as part of the unified church.
The following bishops were appoint
ed as a war committee to direct work
among training camps for soldiers and
sailors here and In Europe: Bishops
F. Berry. Philadelphia, chairman; w
F. Mcdowell, Washington; w. r. An
derson, Cincinnati; 81. S. Hughes
Oregon: F. D. Leete. Atlanta.
Bishop Anderson. II was announced
will go abroad before the first of tbs
year to cooperate with religious
workers in Europe.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-10-25
N0TTOWAY SETTLES
DOWN TO WORK


The delegates from Nottoway in at
tendance upon the meeting in the in
terest OF the Y, M. C. A. war work
fund held In Richmond Tuesday even
ing. October 80. began imm ediately To
lay their plans for raising the amount
assigned Nottoway county. On the
basis estimated the amount for Not
toway is approximately $3.50. The
representatives present at the Rich
mond meeting were Henry e. Lee. DIR.
r. c. Smith. E. Bradshaw. of crewe:
r. A. Sandy. Of Burkevtlie; H. n. Seay,
Rev. James Cannon, Jr.. George +.
Adams and J. A. Hardy. of Blackstone.
Those representatives have decided
to cali meeting of the representative
preachers and laymen of the churches
Of Nottoway county 70 meet at the
courthouse on November TO deter
r. me what methods shall be employed
TO raise Nottoway's part of the $500.
goo.
The college for girls at Blackstone
has also agreed to raise $500 toward
the amount apportioned to the colleges
Of the state. and the Nottoway repre-
ssntatives hope the county win raise
= the nsighborhood Of $4,000.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-10-25
ALL FLOUR MILLS TO
RUN TO CAPACITY

Washington, Oct. 24.--The food ad-
nfnistration tonight announced the
completion OF plans by which not only
the great -four mills of the northwest.
But those of tbs northeastern states.
as well. may run to capacity. After
conferences with the Canadian food
controller. 1t has been arranged to ship
great quantities of Canadian wheat to
the northwestern mills via the great
lakes.
Under the old plan. northwestern
wheat had been sent by the lakes t.
the northeast, thus cutting down the
production OF the Minneapolis mills
to so per cent of normal
Enough wheat vii, be supplied
through purchases in Canada atI the
American prices to keep all mills In
both sections running full time. The
flour situation had begun to pc xeri-
Gus, but the food administration be-
lieves shortage and higher prices
can be averted.