The Washington herald., 1917-07-08
Allied Nations Aim in War
Must Be Definitely Fixed
Countries Against Central Powers in World
Grapple Will Fight to Bring About
Permanent Peace

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Russian is now mo annexations or In
IDENTITIES" a party exists which de-
sires to fight on until the Germans
dethrone the Hohenzollerns and set up
a republic. Others oppose this on the
ground that government cannot
successfully be imposed on a people
from without. and that the Germans,
II left to themselves. will undoubtedly
carry out the desired revolution after
the war.
Russian extremists go SO far as to
say that all the armies should retire
within their 1914 frontiers and that
compensation for damage done in the
war should be paid out OF an interna-
tional pool, In which every country
shall contribute in proportion to its
war expenditure. The democratic
school Of thought here in England. as
elsewhere in Europe and I believe
America as well, does not agree with
this view, and takes somewhat the fol-
lowing line:
Germany must become a democratic
state by getting rid, somehow, of the
domination of the military caste.
When that has been accomplished; !;
when the allies can talk to the repre-
sentatives of the German people.
peace can be concluded upon the basis
OF restoration and compensation of
conquered territory. and a recognition
Of the rights Of small nationalities to
decide whether. they shall be indepen-
dent or to whom they shall belong;
the separate and distinct problem Of
Africa to be considered under the
principle Of justice for the natives and
equal commercial opportunities for all.
Does Not Affect Final End.
The views OF the second school of
tEousnt. which does not see In democ-
racy a cure for German aggre ssion,
are totally opposed to a solution OF
TINS character. Men such as MiIiu-
koff. lS.e Russian foreign minister.
and certain leading statesmen of all
the allied countries in Europe. be-
lieVe that no democratic regime in
Germany would be other than a deIu-
sion and a snare, and that compen-
satiou to invaded countries and their
territorial restoration, while necessary,
does not affect the question OF Ger
man victory or defeat
Germany will have won the war.
these men say. no matter what hap
F~-'~ cAA NAC OllNANhClu Ut What COll-
pensations may be paid, even IL Al
sace-LOrraine is given back to France,
provided Germany keeps control of
the Central European block now DOM
mated by her.
The democratic school retorts that
the new Austrian Emperor is a Lib
eral. who desires TO free his country
from Germany and to extend self
90
tria Hungary under a federal system.
The breakup of Austria by the en-
tente IS therefore unnecessary. 'If
austria Is not broken up, the allies
lose the war" is the answer of DR..
E. ]. Dillon. speaking for the anti
democratic school. DR.. Dillon de-
clarcs that an independent Poland
must be formed, including not only
German Posen. but the port of Dant-
zic on the Baltic. thus cutting on
East Prussia from the rest OF Ger
many. This he couples with a scheme
for creating independent Slav states
to center around Poland as a bull
wark against Germany. while the last
remnant OF the Hapsburg en.pire. Ger
man Austria. can be united with Ger
many --"
This program is defended as in har-
mony With the allied declarations
about freeing small nations. but its
main object is to set up in the East
a new power that shall restrain Ger
many, in place of Russia, whose re-
nunciation of her pan-Slav dreams is
regarded by DR.. Dillon and a con
siderable section of opinion in the al
lied countries as assuring the eventual
triumph Of German world-empire. un-
less Germany be cut of from the East
and kept in check by some other
force. Lord Sydenham. whose know
ledge of European affairs and sources
Of information are second to those
OF no man whose present position
does not impose silence, prepared d
summary of the general situation as
the third anniversary of war approach
ed, which am permitted to give to
the American public. Lord Sydenham's
statement follows:
New Forces Gathering Strength.
THE war has entered a phase in
which new forces, which may exer-
else a determining influence upon
events. are rapidly gathering strength.
1t is no longer possible to attempt
to base judgments upon the naval
and military situation alone. The tre-
mendous upheaval in Russia, the ac-
tivity of the socialist bodies in bel
ligerent countries and the general un-
rest which mas extended to China ana