davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
AMERICAN SOLDIERS
TO Use GAS MOMBS
Government Considering Deadly De,
vice Invented by Professor.

Gas bombs, of a nature as yet un-
used in warfare, are promised as part
of the equipment of the American
troops in the trenches. The new
chemical mixture is the product Of an
American. a chemist from New York,
who after several years as a member
of the Cornell faculty, has established
a laboratory near Niagara Falls
where he is perfecting his discovery
which, last week, ii was learned yes
terday. was laid before the President
and Secretary Baker. with several eN-
perts from the chemical division OF
the Deartment of Agriculture.
The Cornell scientist. whose name is
not divulged, has produced two gases,
in fact. especially intended to Offset
the gas used by the German army.
One compound is offered as a COM
plete neutralizer of the poisonous gas
now in vogue with the Germans which
is said to leave its victims paralyzed
imbec.le instead of killing outright.
The second agent created by the
American is offensive I'm its properties,
and represented as possessing deadly
qualities.
DR.. ]. II. Hooker. of New York. who
came to Washington last week to
bring the attention of the War De-
partment to the new discovery, left
for hi home last evening. He would
not discuss the extent of his confer
ences here, further than to admit that
the bombs and their contents were
now in the hands of government chem
lists who will report on their efficiency
to Secretary Baker at once.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
GERMAN DIPLOMATS
ignore U. S. Notes
Refuse to Answer Queries Since Be
ginning of Hostiities.

Germany is ignoring every note and
inquiry of the United States, 1t was
learned yesterday. No word has been
received from her in response to any
question since the beginning of the
war.
Two main questions were put to the
German government by the State De-
partment. One was the reported de-
tention in Germany of more than 30
Americans. and the other was the pro-
posal that officer prisoners of war
should be paid their regular salaries
by two governments.
The first inquiry was in the form of
a question through the Spanish Min
lister at Berlin who represents Amer
lean interests there. The second was
a direct note presented by the Spanish
Minister.
On his own behalf the Spaniard
notified the United States that Ger
many claims she will allow the Amer
leans to depart as soon as the usual
wartime passport regulations are
complied with. this requiring several
months. No reply of any kind to the
second proposal has been received.
The opinion in official circles here is
that Germany has adopted a policy of
ignoring the United States completely.
What she expects to gain is not clear.
The United States to date has Of
fered every facility and courtesy to
Germans desiring to leave this coun-
try. but Ia view of Berlin's attitude,
which is in direct violation of the
Prussian-American treaties, it is ques-
tionable whether the United States
will continue this policy.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
TROOPS ARE RUSHED
TO QUELL STRIKERS
German Agents Declared to Be- Re,
sponsible for Arizona Disorder.

A strike by 7.5n9 copper miners in
the Bisbee and Globe districts of Ari-
zona resulted in frantic kilograms
yesterday to Senator Ashurst. Of that
State. TO use his influence 10 have
troops dispatched instantly. Later IN
the day. the War Department received
advices from Brig. Gen. James Park
er commanding the Southern Depart
ment. that troops would soon be under
way.
1t is said that German agents, oper-
ating through the !. w. w, have
spread discomfort among the miners.
The telegram to 5, ,nator Ashur5t said
5000 men were striking in the Bishce
district and half rs many in the Globe
district. Sheriff Tom Armor, Of Globe,
wired:
Strike situation beyond control. De-
struction of life and property will re-
suit soon Il we don't get help. Use
all influence with War Department to
get troops here Immediately"
Senator AshIrst hurried to the War
Department. and consulted with Sec
retary Baker. with ting result that the
wires We're soon nathins orders to
Gen. Parker.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
Two Thousand Negroes and Whites Clash in
Metropolis Countless Cruelties Recorded
AS Trouble in Western City Abates.
Arrest of Members of Ne
gro Infantry Unit Precip-
itates Race War in the
East Side BLACK Belt ~
Many Are Injured.
CBy international New. servIee.)

New York. July 3.-Two thousand
negroes and whites, including a score
of policemen and negro soldiers, bat
tied furiously tonight in a race riot
in the San Juan black belt"
Knives and revolvers were flourish
ed, and a shower OF missiles hurled by
the combatants.
One policeman who tried to rescue
a companion was attacked by a giant
negro with q nine-inch knife. The po-
iceman, gashed slightly on the arm
in the struggle, felled the negro with
repeated blows of his night stick.
The negro was taken to a hospital
with a possible fracture of the skull.
Several others were treated by ambu-
lance surgeons. Others, wounded,
fed to homes of friends.
The arrest of a member of the FIJI
teeEth Regiment, the negro infantry
unit, by a policeman precipitated the
riot
He was a member of a group of sol
diers who were making offensive re-
marks to passersby. A thousand
threatening blacks surrounded the po,
liceman before he had gone a block
He took refuge in a doorway with a
drawn gun.
Yells of kill the cop" were taker
up by the crowd. All sorts of mis-.
siles fell about him. Other police ar.
rived and several hundred white.
from below Fifty-ninth street invaded
the negro district and came to the res
cue of the policemen. Reserves came
on the scene and their appearance
awed the mob.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
PRISONERS WILL DO
their BIT in WAR
To Use Thousands of Men in Stripes
to Cultivate Crops.

One hundred thousand men IN
stripes, who will not be allowed to
fight on the European battlefields
will nevertheless serve this country
and its allies. according to plans OF
the American Prison Association
which concluded its session here
yesterday.
There has been a movement
throughout the prisons of the coun-
try, according to the officers of the
association. for increasing the food
production of the nation. The penal
institutions of Mississippi alone
have already under cultivation 29,-
600 acres, devoted to food produc-
tion, cotton, and to stock raising.
Also the prisons employ the most up
to-date farm methods so that their
soil produces the maximum crops
Thus the District of Columbia work
house produces eighty bushels of corn
per acre as compared with twenty
eight bushels, average of the banner
State of Illinois.
The prison association has named a
committee to work with the govern
ment in forming plans to utilize the
convict labor wherever possible With
the shortage of labor resulting from
the draft, it is believed by the direc-
tors, much of the opposition to the
use Of convict labor in competition
with free labor will disappear.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
PRESIDENT SETTLES
ship CONTROVERSY
Proposes to Immediately Put Wooden
Fleet Program Into Operation.

President Wilson has settled the
ship controversy and as result, the
wooden ship program. supposed at one
time to have been successfully sub
marined, will be in full swing early
next week. Announcement of the
Presidents decision is said to be held
up pending the outcome of the food
legislation before Congress.
The announcement, however, 1t is
learned from confidential sources, will
not be delayed later than the middle
of next week. The seriousness of the
submarine situation and the desire to
lose no more precious time in getting
ships. are said to have determined the
President to act even at the risk of
raising new complications in Congress
that might further delay passage of
the food bill.
There is no indication as to whether
Gen. Goethals. who has been the
strongest opponent of the wooden
ships. will be instructed to build them
or whether a new wooden ship build
ing corporation, under a new head.
will be formed for that purpose. In
that event, Gen. Goethals would be
retained simply to build the steel
ships.
No one will venture a guess as to
how the President will confer the
necessary power to build the ships or
whether any heads will be lost in the
process or not. The Cabinet is known
to be unit for the wooden ships and
the warning sent out by the Chamber
of Commerce of the United States that
a shortage exists in steel has strength
ened their belief in the wisdom of
using lumber. which is plentiful.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
nation HOLDS
WAR BIRTHDAY
Celebration Here Will Be
Safe and Sane" as in
Former Years.

The United States is III years old
today.
Somewhere in France as reyeilIe
sounds this morning thousands of
American troops will awake TO greet
the new birthday and in the awaken
Ing will turn their faces gallantly to-
ward the enemy.
Everywhere in America the mobil-
izatiOn Of forces, food. brains and
genius rushcs on in progress born of
dauntless energy founded on right
Hundreds Of thousands Of our finest
specimens of manhood are al arms
and ten million OF the youth Of the
land have answered the call OF regis
tration.
There will be no pause for spectacu-
lar celebration. Although our birth
day brings with IL the news that our
troops were attacked unsuccessfully
by the modified power of the German
submarines, yet through the minds
and hearts of our people there will
race the feeling or pride in the event
our birthday recalls.
In l776 America fought and won in
dependence; now she is going again
into battle that the universe will
know and enjoy the sweets of free
dom that have been ours for more
than a century.
Celebration OF the day throughout
the country will be devoted 10 the
furthering of recruiting principally,
although young America will in many
instances claim the day as its own
for the exploitation of the cannon
cracker.
In Washington where the safe and
sane Fourth has been in vogue for
many years the celebrations will be
mostly in the nature of patriotic meet
ings and athletic contests.
Monument Exercises.
The principal celebration will be held
at the foot Of the Washington Monu-
ment this morning at 10 O'Clock. when
Speaker Clark will make an address
at The exercises under the auspices
of the Sons of the American Revolu-
ton and other patriotic societies in
the city
Special invitations have been sent to
CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
!hole Flotilla Lies in Wait for
transports Which Are Defended
By Battleships andDestroyers
Without Loss of Man.
SAY SPIES TIPPED ENEMY

Official made the Navy Department late yes
day afternoon of the safe arrival French port final
hngent of Perhng's troops
In making public the of the safe arrival of the force
Secretary Daniels disclosed the pers through which the had passed
Twice they attacked by fleet of submarines which
had laid for them. bent upon slaughter In each
submarines driven off by American patrol boats conveying
transports. AT least submarine sunk and probably more
Secretary Daniels Statement
Secretary Daniels issued the following statement:
1T with the JOY of great relief that people Of
the United States the safe arrival France of every fighting man and
every fighting ship.
Now that the last vessel has reached port safe disclose
the dangers that and tell complete story
peril and courage
The transports bearing attacked by German
submarines the way On both the Uboats
beaten of with appearance of loss One certainly sunk and
there believe that the FIRE of gunne
others to the bottom.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
THREATEN FOOD BILL
With CLOTURE rule
Opponents of Prohibition Promise
Jolt to Controversy Tomorrow.

Senators who want to talk the food
control bill to death will be gagged"
tomorrow IL they persist in their eff
forts. Senator Chamberlain announc-
ed late yesterday that If no agreement
was reached TO vote by tomorrow, he
would apply for the Cloture rule AL
ready he has a petition signed by more
than twenty-five Senators, and these
feel that they can secure the two
thirds vote necessary to put the rule
in effect in the Senate. Indications are
now strong that the bill. with its
incidental liquor questions. will be dis
posed of by tomorrow night.
81 stated last night that I had a
petition applying for the cloture rule,
and might ask for its consideration
today" said Chamberlain just before
the Senate adjourned yesterday. But
as l have conferred with a number
Of Senators 1 think we can reach an
agreement to vote on Thursday. How
ever. if there is objection to this.
when we meet again Thursday, /
shall move for cloture."
Two reasons it is said have in
duced the administration Senator to
make this stand. One is the fact
that opponents of the bill are taking
up long hours in debate. The other
is that some of the Southern Senators
are developing new opposition to
the measure. Cotton was included
as one of the "necessaries" Monday.
Yesterday the cotton market broke
points. 1t is feared that if the bill
is delayed longer it may be in great
jeopardy.
Senator Chamberlain sought yester-
day morning an agreement to vote
Thursday. But Senator Penrose OBJ
jected, saying this was too early for
the "steamroller' to cut off debate.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
WILL ANNOUNCE DAY
FOR DRAFT TOMORROW
Many Difficulties Arise in Setting
Conscript Machinery in Motion.

Final machinery for the draft has
been completed and awaits only the
Presidents approval. Secretary of
War Baker made this announcement
yesterday and said that the entire
plan, including the date set for the
drawing, would probably be made
public tomorrow.
The Secretary refused to intimate
the exact nature of the machinery,
pending final approval by the Presi-
dent. 1t was learned that despite
every effort it is making, the War De-
partment has little hope of having
10000 men modified in the training
camps on the date set-September l..
The camps themselves will be ready
for occupancy. Construction work on
the cantonment buildings in most
cases has not even started yet, but
the ground has been made ready and
everything is in readiness for the ac-
tual building. Lumber is on the way
and there viii be no delay in putting
up the structures.
But the question of securing the men
themselves presents a different aspect.
The War Department is operating
with machinery which has never been
put to the test before. and the opin-
ION yesterday was that the mass OF
detailed labor in connection with the
medical examinations and exemption
investigations will be so great that 1t
will be impossible to mobilize the
draft army before October /, and pos
sibly November. Some camps will be
filled in September, it is expected, but
not all.
The War Department yesterday was
in doubt whether the jury wheel would
be employed by the drawing. Some
other method is under contemplation.
1t is feared that the jury wheel would
not cover so large a number of names.
Some one suggested a hat, but Sec
retary Baker said, 1--WE seen too
many things come out of hats"
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
Subs Are Reported Sunk
In Fierce Midnight Battles
With Overseas Forces
American Troops Moved
Close to Battle Front
1By International News servIce)

American Headquarters in
France, July "A battalion of
American troops have occupied
permanent quarters behind the
western battle front.
Other forces will leave the port
at which they recently arrived
within a short time ard will take
up positions behind the line FOR
final intensive training, prepara-
tory to going into the trenches.
The question OF how soon the
American forces will actually be
in clash with the Germans is nat
urally the most interesting topic
of speculation here, but nothing
definite is being made known.
Horses for the eXDcditionary
army and huge supplies of muni-
tions arrived safely to&ar after
making their wac through tie Ger
man submarine zone.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
PARIS TO OBSERVE
INDEPENDENCE DAY
Big Celebration Today in Honor of
American Troops.
CBy International News Service

Paris, July 3.-Arrangements for the
great Fourth OF July celebration in
Paris were completed today. The city
is gay with the Stars and Stripes and
red. white and blue bunting. The
prospects are for good weather.
Some Of the American troops have
arrived here and are quartered in the
Grand Palaise. They will march
through the streets tomorrow.
A French military band has pre-
pared to serenade Gen. John ]. Per-
shing, the American commander, to-
morrow morning. Afterward Gen.
Pershing will pla, wreath upon the
tomb of Lafayette
Brand Whitlock, United States Min
lister to Belgium. is scheduled to make
a patriotic address at Napoleon's
tomb.
1t will be the biggest celebration of
the American national holiday ever
seen in Europe. There will be duplica-
tons on much lesser scale in Lon
don, Rome and Petrograd.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
GOVERNOR DIRECTS
CRUGER CASE PROBE
Orders District Attorney to Make
Immediate Investigation.

Albany, July 3.-Gov. Whitman to-
night directed District Attorney
Swami, of New York, ito act and act
at once" in the matter of the investi-
cation of the part played by the New
York police in the Ruth Cruger case.
The governor intimates that while
the examination of witnesses has been
commendable under Commissioner
Wallstein, the function of commits
sioner of accounts is not to prosecute
or investigate crime.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
GOVERNMENT SETTLES
MANY LABOR DISPUTES
Cancellations Reached Through Ef-
forts of Department of Labor.

Advices received yesterday at the
Department of Labor announced the
successful settlement of strikes among
500 employees of the Chattanooga,
Tenn, street railway; 1900 mechanics
in the Monon Railroad4shops. in Laf-
ayette, Ind, and 200 metal workers
employed by the Gulf Refining Com
pany, of Port Arthur. Tex. Shop rules
caused the trouble with the Gulf Re-
fining Company, the men agreeing to
return to work after the company had
promised Joseph Beyers, government
coneiliator, to right all grievances.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
RUSSIANS MOVE
ON TO LEMBERG
Closing in on Brzezany,
Key to Strategical
Fortress.
CBy International News seryIcel


London. July 3.-The Russians have
Brzezany. fifty miles southeast Of Lem
berg, almost in their grasp tonight.
A dispatch from Petrograd says the
Austro-Germans are evaCuating the
city. The Russians have invested
Brzezany from the northeast, south
east and southwest
Seventeen thousand Teutons are to-
night gazing dcjectedly out into the
vastness Of the Russian steppcs. They
are on the way TO Russian prison
camps. Behind chem booms the thun-
der of BruSilofT's guns. The Russians
are still advancing. More Teutons.
hundreds of them. are being hustled
on trains to join the involuntary voy-
age into the interior OF new Russia.
fighting Russia.
week ago these same Teutons
were holding daily Confabs in No
Mans Land with their Russian com
rades," talking peace and exchanging
soap, sausage and postcards.
Along the lOO-mile front from the
Stokhod to the Dnicster the Musco-
vites are continuing on the aggres-
sive. Their onslaughts in northeastern
Galicia toward Lemberg were even
iiercer tonight than they were Sunday
during the first phase of the drive.
The mere memory OF four months viz
tual armistice seems like a mockery.
But even at this carly stage it can
be cleaned from the official reports
that both sides poohted no little from
the long period Of determination.
Immediate Objective.
Three weeks ago. it developed from
'front.' CiSi atchCs, the Germans learned
that July was set for the new drive.
Moreover they learned that Brzs zany,
the big 81. al, giCal key, would be the
Immediate objective.
The Russ ans have captured the
village of ZhOroff. In many weeks of
vain bait ing for this village. which is
really a miniature fortress. the Rus
slams lost more than 5000 men last
CONTINUED on PAGE TWO.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
Japan Will Send Fleet
To Atlantic If Needed

Toxic, July 3.-Japan will send
feet to the Atlantic to aid in remov-
ing the submarine menace. IL it be-
comes necessary to make this move
to defeat Germany, Minister of the
Navy Kato declared in the Diet today.
His statement was in reply to criticism
of the governments course in sending
warships to the Mediterranean.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
WANAMAKER TO WE'D.

New York, July 3.-The engagement
of John Wanamaker, jr, son of Rod
man Wanamaker and grandson of
John Wanamaker, and Miss Pauline
Disston, daughter of Mrs. William
Disston. Of New York, Newport and
Philadelphia, has been announced.
The wedding will take place in the
late summer at Newport.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
FRENCH MORTAR EXPLODES.

Fort Sheridan, III, July IA trench
mortar discharging bombs in one of
the first-line trenches here for the in
struction of student officers exploded
this afternoon. Although the steel
fragments whizzed neear the candi-
dates heads, no one was injured.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
Asks Government to Act
In Alien Strikers Case

Phoenix. Ariz-, July S-Gov. Camp
Dell this afternoon wired the War De-
partment to take immediate action in
the strike situation in Arizona, fol-
lowing the manhandling and stoning
today Of American citizens by Aus
trian strikerS
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
TO FEDERALIZE GUARD AUG. S,

Secretary of War Baker yesterday
announced the National Guard will be
ordered out in three groups on July
Is, July 25, and August 5. respectively.
The entire guard will be drafted into
the Federal service August 5.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
FISHING FLEETS ATTACKED.

Petrograd. July at was reported
from Stockholm today that German
submarines are operating against the
Swedish fishing fleet of the northern
coast Of Norway and that four OF the
fishing boats were sunk yesterday.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
Woman Makes Daring Flight.

Norfolk, June '3.-Mrs. Vaughan
Woodward, wife of the navy lieuten-
ant, today flew over Hampton Roads
at a height of $500 feet. She. declared
she would join the aviation corps in
France If her husband would permit.
She is leader in society and one Of
Virginia's prettiest women.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
AVIATRK is KILLED.

Waco, Tex, July 3-Losing control
Of her airplane zoo feet above the
earth, Miss Nettie Nixon, p, fell to
her death near Marlin today white
making a practice flight.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
ROOT RIDES EN- STATE

Petrograd, July 3-Elihu Root and
his fellow commissioners made a trip
In the former imperial train. Mr..
Root and Foreign Minister Teresch-
tenke sat at the table on which Car
Nichelas signed his abdicatiou-
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
Is PARALYSIS CASES.

Martins Ferry. Ohio. July 3.-The
health authorities today adopted dras-
tic measures to stamp out the in
fantile paralysis epidemic. Fifteen
cases were reported in this city.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04

M2.00 to Niagara Falls and Return,
Baltimore and Ohio from Washing
ton, 7:45 a. M, JNy 6th. Liberal
days.-Adv.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
ANNOUNCE

the engagement Of Mr.. Percy
s Foster as Manager Of their
Washington Narerooms.
sos THIRTEENTH STaEET
knabe Piano. S1ctrolae
The Washington herald., 1917-07-04
WM. KNABE & co.

CoNTINUED ON FAGE Two.