Arizona republican., 1917-01-31

gestion calls upon those of us who believe that the plan can end in noth- ing but disaster to utter a note of warning.
 The movement to organize world court and to broaden to it's extreme limit the field of arbitration has all ways had my cordial approval and have never ceased to hope that in the progress of time war would become in- frequent, if not impossible, and 1t is only when it is attempted to confer upon such tribunal or league or sov- ereignty, 1t matters not how it is de- l scribed, the power to use armies and 1 naVIes to enforce its decrees or to 1 make contracts to fight in a quarrel | not our own that my opposition be- l gins
 Quoting from the presidents address | the assertion that it was incOnceivable | that the United States should play no 1 part in bringing about peace, Sena, | tor Cummins said as a general ex- pression of high duty" he concurred l and while we ought to have nothing | to do with the terms of peace insofar |, as they relate to either territory or | reparation," he explains that 'our view ought to be heard when the powers of | the earth are passing upon the free | dom of business intercourse and our influence ought to be felt when the | future armament of nations is being | determined l
 None of these things touch that iso- | lation of our sovereignty" he asserted, | "so wisely taught by Washington, ! Jefferson and Monroe. It has been and l still is my hope that the end of the 1 war in Europe will signalize a mighty advance toward the peaceful settle ment of international controversies It is impossible for me to doubt that the law of the sea will be rewritten and that the mad competition in armies and navies will be restrained"
 Referring to the presidents state ment that he was proposing govern ment by the consent of the governed" Senator Cummins continued
 ITO take the world as it is and di- l vide its territory and its people, or- serving these principles, is the work
 of the Almighty and even His power
 and wisdom would be taxed to their very limits. Let us hope that the pro-
 vidence Of God. aided by the example of those countries which do recognize
 these national beatitudes will be in tine
 fullness of time and the evolution of mankind lead the world to this per
 lection. 1 am for one, willing to pray
 for 1t and work for it. That, however,
 is not what the president proposes.
 TO put it in very homely phrases, he wants the United States to sit down | with the other powers of the earth and
 seriously to attempt to agree upon
 division of the earth and it's peoples
 into sovereignties, guided, I assume,
 by tEe principles he so persuasiVely states. And, having so apportioned tIc
 population of the world among distinct
 governments, that this universal coun- ell shall create a supreme power, which through armies and navies con- tributed by the several subordinate na i tions, will maintain the status thus i established by suppressng insurrec- tions, repelling invasions. overcoming every effort of any single govern neLt 1 or combination of governments tO i change the existing condition.
 The plan involves. of course. the denial to any such nation of the right ! to redress its own wrongs or to main l tain it's own honor. Ii cjnten plates l complete specialization. eternal Kitty. | It may be that there is in his mind the i reserve thought that the league of na- l tions or supreme power of the world 1 change the territorial limits of gov ] ernment or transfer a given people l with their consent from one to an 1 other; hat ne ooes not -1aAe this poin.
 as clear as could be wished
 "The question which the American | people must answer is whether they l desire their government to participate | in any such effort. with the under 1 standing that out of it is to grow league of nations or world authority 1 which will have jurisdiction not only to settle all international disputes but i the power through armics and navies | rt1f n 70 i of its awards or laws
 Praising the presidents purpose in l seeking to bring an end to the war and euloSizing much of his address, l Senator Cumnins confined his criti- ] cism to his OVID interpretation of con- 1 ditions which Mir. Wilson would impose
 on Americas joining a league to en- i force peace.
 There is but one conclusion that | can be drawn from the presidents ut l teranoes,' he declared Tt is that over 1 all the nations of the earth there shall i be a common and supreme power i which will not only undertake to de- l eide all the controversies which may ! lead to international disturbance, but which, having entered judgment upon 1 them will compel obedience. There
 is but one way in which obedience can | alws < be compelled The protesting l pr TtpeIllOuS ndllOn 1EuSt De overcome 1 by force of arms
 That I am right in the interpreta- | tion which I have put upon the mes
 sage is further proved by the analogy | which he finds between the Monroe
 doctrine and his doctrine of the world.
 l will not pause to point out that in- l stead of analogy there is utter re- 1 pugnance; but evidently there is a 1 parallel in his mind. and that is suf- 1 ficient for my presert purposes Those 1 who think that the president does not 1 intend that the decisions of the league 1 of nations are to be executed by force 1 have but to remember that if any for
 eign nation were to attempt to invade the American Monroe doctrine there is | but one way for the United States to enforce it. Without the force of arms,
 either actual or potential, behind it. i our policy in this regard would be the l emptieSt bravado."
 ] In concluding his address the Iowa 1 senator said he stood with the presi- 1 dent in every moral effort possible for
 him to exert to end the present war, but refused to follow him when he
 leads the way toward the world sov- | ereisnty which he has proposed. 1 Senator Hitchcock insisted that pro- l longed debate at this time could get
 the senate nowhere and that Senator
 Cummins had misinterpreted the pres