The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-01-04
REVIEW Of EUROPEAN WAR AND OTHER
i. IMPORTANT EVENTS Of THE YEAR 1915
Great Conflict RACES With Increased ntensity-Roumana Fiji
teenth Nation to Enter Struggle 0verrun by Central Pow
ers-Teuonic Allies Make First Peace Proposals.
United States Faces Several Crises

numDer OF light cruisers anu QeStrOyefS.
| More than 5000 lives were lost. Both
sides claim the victory. Five days later
| Great Britain received staggering
| blow when the British cruiser Hamp-
shire was blown up in the North sea
! by mine and Earl Kitchener, British
secretary Of war, and his entire staff,
were lost. During the early part of
| June the Russians broadened their Of
| fensive in Galicia and along the lines
| further north and on June they an
| nounced the recapture of the fortress
| of Lursk in VOlhynia and the crossing
| of the Ikwa and Styr rivers at several
| points.
On July 1, the British and French
| launched their great drive on the west
| front. A concerted attack was made
| on q 25-mile front north and south of
the Somme river. July II, after ten
| days and nights Of continuous fight
| ing, the British claimed the capture
! Of the whole Of the enemy's first lines
| of defense on front of $4,000 yards.
During the remainder Of the month the
British and French continued their ad-
vance. the British occupying the entire
! village Of POzieres July &c and the
! French advancing close to Peronne, an
| important railroad center.
During the month of August the
Russians, after terrific fighting, pierced
| the Teuton lines on the Lemberg and
Kovel fronts and advanced in the Car
pathians. The Italians continued their
| drive on Trieste. August 9, after days
of terrific fighting, they captured Co.
ritz and pushed forward, pursuing the
| retreating Austrians.
Roumania Enters War.
Roumania, after months Of wavering,
entered the war on the side of the en-
| tente allies with a declaration of war
| on Austria Hungary. Roumania was
| the fifteenth nation to enter the war.
On the same day Italy declared war on
| Germany and the following day Ger
many declared war on Roumania. With
| the declaration Of war fighting began
between the Roumanians and Aus
TRANS on the Transylvanian frontier.
August 3d. the ROumanianS occupied
KrOnstadt and Hermannstadt, the two
chief cities of Pennsylvania. Field
Marshal Won Hindenburg, whose sue
cesses had made him the idol of the
German people, succeeded General Won
Falkenhayn as chief of the general
/ staff of the German army August 30.
During the month of September, the
| ROumanians, cooperating with the
| Russians. advanced III northern Tran
| sylvana and BukoWina, but suffered
severe reverSeS at the hands of the
Bulgarians and AuStrianS in DObrudja.
The allied troops made decided gains
in the Somme sector, occupying
Combles and other important towns
on September 26.
EARLY in October the tide turned
against the Roumanians and Russians
in Pennsylvania and the latter were
forced to retire before a strong AustrO-
German force under command of Gen
| eral Won Falkenhayn. On October II.
the TeutOns began an invasion of ROu-
| mania On the Verdun front. the
| French smashed the German lines Oc-
| tOber "a, retalling DoIaumOnt fort and
village.
The struggle between the Roumanian
and Russian forces on the one side and
| the TeutOn and Bulgarian armies on
| the other held the center of attention
| in November. Taking advantage of
! the plight in which the ROumanianS
| on the Tr:,nsylvanian front found
themselves Won Mackensen held his
! lines in DObrudja and. attacking the
Danube line forced the river barrier
| at several points. Eifecting a juncture
| of their forces. the TeUton command
ers drove the Roumani;lils back upon
Bucharest. The ROumananS retreat-
ed rapidly toward the capital, burning
villages and all stores of grain and
munitions in the district through which
| they passed November IS. the seat
| Of the ROumanian government was
| moved from Bucharest to Jassy near
| the Russian frontier. The Roumanans
evacuated Bucharest December 6 in Or
| der to save their army.
The Serbians. aided by French and
| Italian troops. made a start toward
| winning back their country during No
vember. Their big drive resulted in
| the capture of MOnaStir On November
| 10. On the Somme front the battle of
the Ancre opened November IL with
! the capture by the British of five miles
| of the German positions, together with
| three strong towns.
An announcement of far-reaching
| significance was made in the Russian
| duma December 9 by Premier TrepOff,
who read a proclamation announcing
| officially that an agreement concluded
| by Russia. France and Great Britain
in 1915, and later approved by Italy,
| "establishes in definite manner the
rights of Russia to the straits and
| COnstantinople."
The fall of the British cabinet early
in December furnished one of the most
sensational features of the years war
developments. Demands of David
Lloyd-George for the formation of a