Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1917-10-01

the annual interest charge on water
works bonds aggregates $6,626.
The gross earnings of the plant are
approximately $4S,00o per year with
.expenditures including interest Of
the advance in the price Of coal. the
expense of operation has materially
and it is doubtful II the
plant would pay operating expenses.
Coal was bought and power gener-
ated III the waterworks boilers.
s In connections with the investment
made In tho waterworks plant alton
ton at the same time should be called
to the sewer system.
The city Of Grand Forks has in
service approximately 100000 feet Of
sewers Of different kinds. brick. con-
crete and vitrifed pipe or q total OF
$780, 900.
Filter System in 1894.
To this sum must be added the cost
Of the filtration plant which with the
new softening plant now aggregates
approximately $4,000.
The irst filter was installed in 1894
and wasthe nrst hitter Of it's kind west
of the Mississippi and there then were
but one or two filters Of the kind in
the United States. 1t represented the
very highest type of hlter efficiency
and cost approximately $4,000 w.
S. Russell was the engineer In charge
and he visited the Lawrence, Mass,
plant after which this filter. was mod
.eled.
It was a continuous slow sand Alter
and its eficiehcy depended entirely
upon the filtration Of the waite through
the sand a no chemicals were used.
Plan L. Changed.
n To 1ofn xhA NAV ~ $ha A1tnp ~p6n
Al. n..S go az Ie +ba An - an re rnr s; -
~" IA 80 49, as@ant
en1 o'D.sLnu neus wele u,sn aa
, anu ne" nl' aa. Iaea s 4a.ns NJ
as is used in MINNEAPOLIS. Toledo. 81.
Louis and many other OF the larger
81. 900 and the fltration and sterilisa.
ton of the water was accomplished
through the use Of alum and hypo-
[chloride with the strainins of. the wa
ter throurh small rand beds.
Tho result Of this nltration opera
ton from a sani4arv and bacterfal
standpoint was entirely satisfactory
but the water furnished to. our citi-
entirely palatable.
Chemists measure the hardness OF
water by the number Of parts per mill
lion and a hardness Of ten parts In
practically unnoticable but q hardness
from 20 to 50 parts per million win
produce curdlinR while a hardnesv OF
from 200 to 900 parts per million II
excessive and produce detrimental re-
suite.
During the winter months under the
old nltration system the hardnesx Of
the Grand Forks CITY water ransAd
from 400 to 425 parts per million or
almost double EXCESSIVE, and the
mtnintum. which was during &c sum-
mer months. was seldom below ITS to
200.
water Was Hard.
re- p.hoaa,,,. n..,,..,,.- -,...
.,... -" .'a.a 20 ~ .n .s1at
~" ajtas. v.stes 49, ~
,,ae -. frnro ! cd1 - ,ooga1at osk 3 .wo
~. %s.tii,nn ~.iysn. Sstth - s.".e pa.s
per ~ fml' ~ sa.lons - , NJ. = I'um
M, .ttn mataria, - IN tra.tns ~ .e
-. IL .an 80 a.n 10 an ~
sr..t "a. ~ III ei+...d ~. go, as
.s,.t.. :" 80 80 ~ w.
nr..x,.,-..a T., ,..
80 ~ - pap wS., p4.sns1
Ill > :. oH MnI,
ait.rsa s 80, .as ..xg :, ro!Hs
nayS Is
~ ,psen
as .ni.n1 =, use ~ teSen. 49,. ~
10 iSSn LII LII nafu ".es
~ ~ esa .ts' 'ea..oi : cons.usI-
aDae lsA.en.' ~ vlow Y. .ne sL1A 'Nnl
ppt.nasN u ~ sanaa.y qua..t.ss:
sa,ha.nt . .nnw 81 ase nov s.u q Ing
s~a -. m ~ ~ - s.uu-
~, w HioIe i.s i.npuLeance necoInes
pyafellI seeH tnaI ~ sums III.