davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16

Of explosive devices, Of transportation,
of manufactures.
Behind the industrial achievements
of England. France and Germany lie
their coal resources. Being compare
lively short of coal resources, Germany
coveted the rich deposits OF France
and Belgium. Germany's coal hunger
WAS in great part cause Of this war.
Her possession of the French and Bel
gium coal fields enables her 10 pro!ong
the war. ,
And superiority Of coal power will
end the war successfully for those ma
tions most fortunate in its production
and its conservation.
For behind munitions lies the coal
supply, and underlying transportation
is the fuel problem. The munitions
factories devour coal. Our warshlps
must be coaled. our army cantonments
must be supplied with fuel. Our rail-
roads. in their supreme effort, eat up
additional coal for power. And, mean
while, the like military needs OF our
Allies call for replenishment Of Goa!
supplies from our mines. Nor can we
safely chance a shortage OF coal for
home heating.
When it is popularly said that muni-
tions will win the war. or that hnances
will win the war, these are merely
other ways Of saying that the produc-
tion of coal, and its application 70 the
war in armaments- nts-warships, merchant
ships. shells, rifles, tanks, submarines,
aeroplanes or locomotives-will win
the war. The war has created tre-
mendous demand upon the United States
for additional coal. This demand must
be met as must the normal coal re-
quirements, which are increasing every
year.
This year the demand for coal Is esti-
mated at 750,000,000 tons. OF which
100, 100000 tons are needed for war
purposes.
The increase in the coal connsump-
tions of munitions plants is estimated
at from 33 l-3 per cent 20 so per cent
over last year and over normal periods.
Practically all of the munitions plants
are running twenty-four hours and are
being called on by the government TO
increase production. In the instance OF
one of the large steel companies the IN
crease in consumption will approximate
250,000 tons per month. The increase
IN Otner plants IL not so great, DuI ~ -
safe 10 say they are running a mini
mum of 33 1-3 per cent in excess OF pre-
vious requirements.
Breaking up the coal in the mine,
hosting it to the surface and loading
il into railroad cars calls for labor Of
which there is shortage, but the labor
problem is not insurmountable. Load
ing and unloadying are details that pre-
sent difficulties. but they do not consti-
tute the prime difficulty.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Army Lassie
Herself Transformed

During the two years that preceded
the entrance Of the United States into
the great war the Salvation Army was
the largest Of the very few organiza-
tons permitted 70 conduct welfare and
social Work IN the front line camps of
the Allied armies.
Conditions in this respect are very
different now. There are MANY organ
izations 70 share this work. And the
war lassie herself is slightly different.
The blue bonnet. framing q CHEEKY
face, that ls known wherever there are
social misery and despair. from the
Australian wilds 20 the slums OF New
York. from the soldiers training camps
at home 20 the dugout and dressing
stations in France, is seen no more in
the battle zones. II has given place
20 the picturesque MontaEa-peak SER
vice hat. The sombre gown is now
divided skirt Of olive drab. The Sal
vation Army man with the American
forces is attired in the United States
army service uniform.
Every advance camp Of the United
States Expeditionary Force in France
is TO have its Salvation Army hutment
and its detail Of four or more Army
lassies. The transporting and build
ing Of these are not light tasks, con
sidering the limited facilities. but the
seven hutments now in operation with
the American forces at the front have
made such a hit with the enlisted men
and so influenced the morale Of the
camps that Commander Evangeline
Booth has been urged 70 rush the com
pletion Of fifty additional hutments
and provide 600 more workers.
To meet this immediate requirement
Miss Booth has undertaken a cam
paign to raise Sl000,000. Hitherto,
although the Salvation Army has spent
more than a million dollars in war
work during the last year, it has not
made any spectacular drive for funds.
This campaign for million is the
first that has been brought TO the at
tention Of the whole American public.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Salvation Army Seeks to Raise
,OOO,O00fo Camp Social Work
Wilson and Baker ndorse Campaign to Provide Recreation
for Troops at Front-Seven Elus Now on y. S Sector
but Fifty More Are Planned With 800
Additional Workers

Booth led boldly with the big brass
drum.
Saints and angels cried, he's come,
he's come"
Thus does a modern American poet
picture the arrival in heaven Of Cen
eral Booth, founder Of the Salvation
Army.
The assumption is that the blessed
were expecting Booth, as OF their COM
pany.
Amid the horror Of blood and mud
and inconceivable violence that marked
the front line camps Of the Allied
armies in France two and half years
ago, within sound and within range Of
the German artillery, British officer
found a slender girl cheerfully wash
ing a soldiers shirt.
"Ah. just so--a Salvation Army
woman" he remarked. Any other than
a Salvation Army lassie might have
ELECTED who knows what laudatory
speech on the sacrifices Of womaukind
but a Salvation Army lassie-ah'
just so.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Local Committee
TO Raise Sl50,000

or the $1,0O0.000 needed to equip
and maintain 900 women workers in
the camps, Sl50,000 is appOrtioned as
the share that should come from the
states of New York and New Jersey.
To put this local end of the financial
drive cover the top committee OF
noted citizens has been organized here.
with George Gordon Battle as general
chairman and William VI. Kingsley as
treasurer.
Other members Of the committee are
Henry W. Taft, George T. BrOkaw,
Mrs. William Grant Brown, Miss Mary
Garrett Hay, Mrs. James Lees Laidlaw,
f.. +. Olcott, James II. Post, Mrs. Will
lam Cumming Story, ". a. Mcintyre
and George r. Wilson.
This campaign will open on January
and close January % with meeting
la Carnegie Hall.
Very little Of the service given by
the Salvation Army with the American
soldiers abroad is duplicated by the
work of any other welfare organiZa-
tion. In several lines of service the
SalyatiOnists have the field all to them
selves As an instance of this, Com
mandcT Booth cites a recent cable mes
sage which informs her that Major
Anderson, who had charge Of the Sal
yation Army affairs in Albany and
who went from there to France with
the first contingent Of American troops,
has been appointed by the general
commanding the - Division, |. S A.,
in France. TO take care of the soldiers
who for infractions of discipline are
confined in the guardhouse.
a motorcycle. with side car and SOL
der driver. has been supplied to
Major Anderson. and he spends most
Of his time helping soldiers out Of
trouble and persuading them TO keep
out Of the guardhouse in future.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Financial Assistance
Given by Japan

On November IS Mr. Shoda. japanese
Finance Minister, declared before the
general conference of the Economic
Association of Osaka, that japan has
assisted the Entente Allies with var
ious loans. amounting in all 10 more
than l,0OO.0OO,00O yen labout SOLO
100000 American money at the pres
ent exchange rate. And IN the same
speech he was reported TO have said
that Japan is ready 20 continue with
her financial assistance TO the Allies.
The American public does not appre-
ciate the significance OF the japanese
loans 10 Russia and other members of
the Allies. Just how much sacrifice
il meant on 1hc part Of Japan no one
seems TO have taken particular pans
To state before the American public
up TO now. for one thing A number
OF Japanese fnancicrs opposed the
loans 10 European powers. Ihey IN
sisted that il was financial folly, al
most q financial crime, for Japan 10
loan her funds TO any power Just at
that particular point of time. Al the
close Of October, 1917, our gold re-
serve amounted 20 1924 600 yen,
which is quite an advance from $685.
100000 yen Of the pre-war days.
But put these figures beside the ire
neadouS increase Of the gold holding
Of the United States. In June, 1914,
the gold holding Of the United States
stood at $3.50, 900 IL reached
$2,70O136,676 by November, 1917 The
japanese showing is almost pitiful.
And the japanese iinanciers insisted
that the on imperative duty OF Japan
as a nation was % invest whatever
funds she mad in China for the deyel-
Opment Of that country's vast and DOR
mant resources. Development Of China
has always been the one dream Of
both the hnanciers and statesmen OF
Nippon for yeas. Now for the first
time heaven had placed into their
hands the wherowithsl TO realize their
agelong aspiration. We're they going
to let the supreme opportunity pass
on because the rations Of Europe were
calling for funds 20 prolong the most
deadly Of all the wars known? Every
body in Japan knew that investments
for the constructive work in China
spelled healthy solution Of the fnan-
clal and economic difficulties from
which Japan had suffered for years
suffered al! sorts Of privations and
disadvantages within, as well as hu-
Mutations abroad.
The building up Of the purchasing
power Of China meant great deal 10
Japans just then. For she realized that
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Points to Control
BY Government

In England the government took com
plete hold Of the mines after less
radical regulatve methods failed. In
France the government is the sole
yender of coal, as il also is in Italy
In Germany state control has been
more or less complete at all times. and is
row more complete. The extent TO which
the United States Fuel Administra-
tion will have TO go will be determined
in great measure By the effectiveness
Of the cooperative methods and Of the
voluntary conservation programme now
in operation with good promise of sue
cess.
Heavier loading Of coal cars. the use
Of old locomotives 10 increase the rail
road motive power, the imposition Of
heavier demurrage charges for coal car
shipOents at terminals and the speed
ing up Of the railroad system have been
the concern OF the Fuel Administration
in cooperation with the Railroad War
Board and allied departments.
"Car shortage" is merely another
term for motive power and terminal de.
fcieneies. By inspiring and cooperating
with the newly formed Tidewater Coal
Exchange the Fuel Administration he's
sayed hundreds OF thousands OF tons OF
production in the pooling Of shipments
TO take the place of the former storage
of loaded cars at tidewater awaiting full
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Japan's Aid to Allies; Military,
Naval, Financial and industrial
Warships Patrolled the
Mediterranean a n d
Fought u Boats -
1000 Japanese in Ca
madam Army

the all-important thing for her future
well being was large market for her
wares. She realized as never before
that she could not exist as an agrlcull-
ural nation any longer and the only
salvation Of her future lay IN turning
herself into an industrial nation. Ana
the development of China was almost
certain 20 bring forth two things: FIRST,
the creation of q great market ana the
best market for the japanese manu-
factures; and, second, the source
from which japanese manufactures
could draw iron, steel, wool. cotton
and other vital raw materials aDso-
Iutely indispensable in making Japan
really great industrial power. And was
Japan going TO loan the funds TO Euro,
uean powers the first moment she ala
get n little money? u looked TO a
number Of our financiers as wough
Japan were deliberately rejecting the
rift Of the oolhardily, criml-
nally pushing away from her the DAY
Of the fulfllment of the one supreme
dream Of her existence.
But the men in power held IN the
face of all oppositions obsunately. 10
the conviction that the financial ASSIST
ance 10 her allies was her national du'y
and that il was the wisest thing 10 do'
that this is the great opportunity tot
japan to demonstrate TO the powers OF
Europe that she is no longer mere
picturesque country of paper fans ana
paper houses; that she is really a grea'
mower in the East whose assistance
and co0peration counted for something
yes. for much. She loaned her money
90 England, TO France and to Russia
Japan passed an enemy trading act
forbidding her people TO have any fur-
tber dealing with enemy merchants
anywhere. II means no small nnan-
.cisl sacrifice; many a large house
engaged in foreign trade was ut
terly wrecked. Their German .conneG,,
tions were many, owing to the wen
known fact that the German traders
had held the trade of the ORIENT III
their hands. 10 large extent
The Osaka mint, rushing the work
on 21.5O2 600 Russian rubles, was an
incident which shows how eager Japan
was 20 helm her allies in every possible
manner-even 10 the smallest detail.
When the Russian request for the WORK
came TO the mint Japan had Just COM
pleted all the arrangement 20 recon
her coppers and nickels. And the
Osaka mint was about to begin IT. To
throw il aside meant no end OF confu-
sion and inconvenience. Dld they de-
cline the Russian request? Did they
ask Russia for time? Not at all. ia
nan threw aside her own needs and
pushed the Russian work 70 speedy
conclusion-and il was no small job,
either.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16

not lose much time in addressing IT.
self TO the task. Within a trltie more
than a week, the first eNpedltonary
force Of Japan against the German base
i'm Asia landed at Lungkau; 10000
soldiers of Japan were employed Tor
the work and the Japanese army lost
! 200 men in killed and wounded before
rhe white flag suddenly whipped out
upon the November breeze above the
roof of Governor General Meyer-W
decks residence in Kiau-chsu.
Newspapers Of America hardly paid
any serious attention TO the fall Of
TsinCtao. and the people even less.
There we're so many tremendous events
passing into history in Flanders along
about that time that the eyes of the
United States were utterly centred on
Europe. Some day the real meaning Of
the fall Of Tsingtao would take the
busy world in general and the buster
America in particular by surprise. For
in the trade history Of the world the
fall of Tsingtao has good deal more
meaning than the Battle Of the Marne
Nobody save those in the confidence
Of the Japanese army viii ever know
completely just what the Japanese
army has done for the cause OF the
Entente Allies through the war. Mill
tary movements specially Of the
japanese variety -abhor publicity more
than Nature has ever hated a vacuum.
At the same time. il is no particular
secret that when Japan shipped Il large
number Of huge guns to Russia those
steel ofFsprings of japanese arsenals
did not make the far journey without
trained nurses attending them. jest
how many Cunners and artillery Of
tcers Of the japanese army have
worked with the Russians has never
been made known, Of course. But they
were not very small In number.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Red Cross and Other
Benevolent Work

And Japan has been supplying some
thing more than the elemental and
fundamental needs Of her allies
something in the shape of frills also.
American boys, now that they are in
the front trenches. may be taken by
surprise off and on with dainty little
packages which do not exactly remind
them OF home and mother little pack
ages with "A touch Of poetry that is
East. Marchioness Nabeshima. at the
head Of the ladies Of rank and posi-
tion in Toxic, has been aceive in get
ting up all sorts of bazaars and enter
tainments for the purpose Of raising
funds 20 send bits of dainty luXuries
to the boys at the front. American
soldiers will also receive no doubt Ger
tain articles which would add to their
physical comfort and which will re-
mind them Of the doll shows given by
the japanese Women's Education So
ciety in Toxic. The Japanese Allied
Bandage Society has made bandage
making quite as much of vogue In
Japan as knitting among the ladies Of
America to-day.
Our Red Cross started to work the
moment the war broke out. II sent,
carly in Aug Ist, 1914. stretchers. band
ages, absOrnent cCttOns and tea 10
Serbia. Belgium, to Italy. France and
Great Britain. II sent medical par
ties TO Russia. Rumania, France and
England.
While the stupendous drama is. riy-
citing the eyes Of the whole world TO
France, Russia and along the Italian
front. it is nothing but natural that
the people Of the United States have
no tire to give 10 the minor scenes
enacted elsewhere. And then, too.
Japan has not been any too enterprising
in advertising her doings through the
An erican press. But all this does not
mean that Japan has been sound asleep
all through these fateful days. and
when the history OF the war shall have
been written. she can claim page or
two in II as her very OWn.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16

Baron B. Ito, a member Of
the Special Finance Commission
from Japan to the United States,
is the second son of the late
Prince Ito, perhaps the most
famous among the Elder States
men of Japan. Baron Ito was
born in 1885. He was graduated
from the Imperial University OF
Toxic in the class Of 'OS and
Immediately entered the Depart
ment of Agriculture and Com
merce, in which he holds the
position Of a secretary al pres
ent. In 1910 he was sent to
London to study the economic
conditions Of Europe. In the
last Katsura Cabinet he served
as the private secretary to
Prince Katsura. He was also
japanese commissioner at the
Panama-Pacific Exposition Of
1915 at San Francisco.
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Coal Second Firing Line +
OF War; "Save! Is Slogan

shiploads. Coal is now emptied a,
rival. The return Of empties 10 ~
mine has been greatly accelerated n.
laws at terminals, on switches anS :.
the mine have been eliminated D..
duction has thus been expanded. c..
are classified on simpler basis ~.
saving storage and loading delays
The diversion Of shipments from ,,a
10 inland and coastwise water routes H..
been encouraged by the Administra,ia.
though the New England shortage !.
directly Attributable 20 the reoui,itio.
ing Of the tugs for submarine ehs,i,.
thus cutting of most of the barge \.
liyeries Of coal IN New England tro-
Virginia fields.
Priority shipments have been s,.s
70 serve districts requiring special A..
.ention. The needs OF the Northv,v
were 10 get cosl before nayigs,Io,
closed on December ], thus 70 avoid a,
lone winter rail haul.
New England's shortage is nov 70.
ceiving the attention OF the admins.
tration.
Canada secured large shipments b.
fore il was realized that she had tkg,
early received her quota. Shipment,
10 Canada were then cut of, and ar,
now under specific regulation.
The making of direct deliveries fror
adjacent mines has been eneourss,d
instead Of permitting states to ree.iv,
supplies from remote points when eos
was being produced in quantity within
the state itself or near By.
A number of wagon mines have bee,
closed because OF their uneconomit,
operation. Wagon mines are Testrie,.
ed 20 the use of box cars, because Of "a
speedier use of open-top cars by n,
tipple mines where the overhead dun,
is automatic.
Plans for the use o. all sysilsbl.
wood have been put in operation, arS
the use Of kerosene and alcohol FOR fss
has been furthered.
Necessity is the reputed mother o,
invention. Many inventions are pv
forth too early and are suppressed OF
neglected. Necessity redlscoyers then.
develops and utilizes them. Nseessi.y
il certainly the foster mother.
The coal necessity has revived a
number OF devices, is popularirirg
them and promises to make them per.
manent factors in civilization. The hr.
less cooker, the instantaneous ksrs-
sene water heater and the compressed
cooker have received new impetus.
Coal seemed too abundant. Waste vas
by far too pleasant an indulgence.
Fuel economies were the last to Be
considered. Now they are fashionsbl,.
Administrator Noyes makes. among
others, these suggestions for househol.
coal saving:
|. Maintain a temperature Of not
more than IS degrees in the home.
2. Spare the coal shovel, stop the
furnace leaks, use the dampers.
3. Heat only those rooms that are
in use.
4. Regard the open fireplace SIS
fuel waster.
5. Use wood where wood-burninr
is possible.
G. Keep the heating surfaces clean.
7. Use oil for fuel.
3. Use gas for fuel.
9. Save electric light.
10. Be sure the heat is no, ali go
ing out by the chimney.
II. Obtain and study fuel admins
tration's directions for making hrsS
u. Use kitchen stove or wood IRE
in CRATE when mild weather comes
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
Lassies Make Our
Soldiers Feel at Home

In the Salvation Army huts in France
are to be found the latest "home town"
papers, books. games and light re
freshments. Entertainments, moving
pictures and concerts and religious
services are held five nights each week.
Many OF the letters from men serv-
ing with Pcrshing attest the interest
Of the soldiers in the work Of the Sal
vation Army
One writes: 81 am hanging out in
the Salvation Army hut most of the
time and the four American women
make it seem more like home than any
place | know. They serve cake and
chocolate every evening. All the fell
lows like IT,"
The Salvationists claim that there
are 10000 OF their number in the
trenches under arms.
Commander Booth, commenting on
the general war work Of the Salvation
Army, says: The Salvationists are
working for the spiritual, moral and
physical benefit of our soldiers, and
il is a labor o. love. They are living
with the soldiers, eating the same
food, enduring the same hardships and
consecrating all their efforts TO the
salvation of our enlisted men"
New-York tribune., 1917-12-16
British Understood
The Case Better

When al last the Emden was de
strOyed by the guns of the Australian
cruiser Sydney off Cocos Island, the
American newspapers were gay with a
more or less good-natured laugh-with
all the boasted enterprise Of the Jap
auese navy, IL was. after all, a modest
little Australian cruiser that really did
the business, The Britishers knew and
appreciated the true state Of things
much better When the commander OF
the japanese feet which conveyed t1e
Australian troop ships through the
Indian Ocean arrived in England, tiry
gave him q handsome silver trophy
and told him that IL was altogether
due TO the service Of the Japanese navy
that the Australian cruiser was en-
'abled 70 be free TO hound the most
deadly OF all German raiders 70 It's de-
struction From which the world
learned that the activities Of the Jap
anese navy were not merely confined
10 the patrol work over the Pacific, the
South Seas and the Indian Ocean ouJ
Il included also the task Of conveying
the colonial army of the British Em-
pire 10 the European front.
After the opening Of the great war
Russia and the necessity Of Russian
success over Germany claimed the IN
stant attention Of Japan. And the
navy was quick % DO its part. Inc
Japanese navy agreed 20 sell back TO
Russia three Of the more efficient yes
sells which she had captured from Rus
sia in the Russo-Japanese War. The
battleship Sagami, Of 1854 tons. which
had been known as the Peresyiet under
the Russian flag; the Tango, Of lO,95O
tons, the Poltaya, Of Russian mem
ory, and the SOya. the crack Russian
cruiser NariaC, which Admiral Jru
had sunk at the port OF Chemulpo as
the heroic prelude 70 the Russian war
and later raised from the mud and
practically rebuilt, were the three ships
sold back
The japanese navy was none TOO
happy 10 let them 90, for they would
have made a valuable contribution 70
any navy. At the same time, 10 re-
allied keenly enough that IN this act
OF handing them over 10 Russia Japan
was killing two birds with a single
stone. Japan could, in this graceful
act, wipe away 20 very large extent
the fast fading traces of the unhappy
fight they had had. For as long as
these Russian prizes remained in the
hands OF the Japanese navy they would
have stood as an eternal reminder Of
Russian humiliation. And then, too,
the adding the ships TO the Russian
navy at that particular point OF time
meant a good deal for the cause Of
the Entente Allies.