El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1917-02-10

OF volatility. The gasoline with low
specific gravity, and generaLy VII VIZ.
low boiling range. sells for the hiBhest
price. Heavier grades are cheaper, ale
/ Ii properly used they are capable or
developing more power per unit than
are the lighter ~asOlines-
Three Grades of Gasoline.
The bureau of mines mas col9 7i.l
cred Il advisable to divide gasoline
into three classes. The high grace
gasoline is to be used for special pur-
poses. such as for aeroplanes ana 50
on. and should include products OF tuS
type now sold in the eastern naIkel
as Of 20 degrees Baume or over me
middle grade IS to be used Tor motor
ago, and is represented by the type OF
gasoline now sold in the eastern mar
ket. which ranges from 50 TO 20 degree
Baume. The third grade, represen teu
by gasoline now sold IN the eastern
market as around 60 percent Bautne
gravity. is used satisfactorily IN GptO,
date motor car engines II IS FeaiI1eu
that the motor car engine has oeeil
improved SO that il can use a heavier
grade of fuel than was possi1ie q Il"
years ago.
There are at present on the nlarH4e :
types of gasOlines produced oy several
general refining methods Lhese may
be classified as follows
Il. Straight refinery gasoline
- Blended casinghe8d SaSolll-r-
3 Cracked and blended gasoil1e-
Straight refinery gasolines are
produced by methods which vary some
what in different parts of the country,
but are in general similar, Crude Oh IS
distilled in fire still and cut H,au-
when the gravity or me pi ol1 ~,
reaches some predetermined mark the
SO called crude napthe or henzlne IS
acid refined and then steam dlSlille9-
In some cases several products OF on
ferent ranges of volatility are pro
duced; in others the steam dlsthlatlOu
simply effects a separation from lesS
volatile bottoms which go into the
burning oil stock
" Straight refinery gasolines are
characterized by low content OF IN
saturated and aromatic Hydrocarbons
and by a disulatiOn range when is
free from marked Irregularities
Highly Volatile Fuel.
'Casinghead gasoline IS a prolucl
which has come on the market during
the last few years ana IS prOuuceu
from wet natural gas by processes OF
compression or absorption. straight
casinghead gasoline is too volatile Tor
general use and before being put on
the market is blended with . sufficient
proportion of heavy naptha 10 proQuce
a mixture which is both safe for use
and moderately cheap Blended casing
head gasOlines are generally character
ized by Nolatlllly range sho@Lus cor
siderable percentages or constituents
boiling At both low and high tempera-
tuTe. but a deficiency OF intermediate
products. In some cases. however, the
bANliuAAlE- - tbAAE L-A sun q AAe-ltA-'- ---i
II is difficult to detect the natural Sas
gasoline. This Is when II is used IN
moderately small proportion 10 tighten
and to make volatile gasoline which
has a boiling range approximately the
same as that satisfactory for motor
As far a. chemical properties are
concerned, casinghead gasoline seems
to be Identical with the straight re
fineTy product The characteristic
properties are. therefore, wholly due
to the details OF blending.
Synthetic Gasoline.
"One OF the important factors IN the
present gasoline market is the produC-
ton Of cracked OF synthetic Easolines.
These are being marketed in enormous
quantities. largely. IL not altogether. in
the form OF blends with straight re-
finery and casinghead gasoline.
Cracked gasolines are similar in
physical properties 20 straight refin-
cry products. but are different chem
ically in that they contain varying per
centages OF unsaturated and aromatic
constituents. II has been demon
strated that these constituents do not
decrease the value Of a gasoline II they
are not present in too great proportion.
Il is still an open question whether
motor fuel containing very high per-
cottages of unsaturated compounds
can be utilized in the same way rs
straight refinery products
Attention is also called to the fact
that refiners are today marketing gas
oline containing considerable percent
q yes OF unsaturated compound. and
these products are being satisfactorily
used by the public"