davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
THE WAR PRIMER By National Geographic Society.

kronstadt-In war geogra phy bulletin the National Geographic So- ciety gives the following information about the fortified city of kronstadt where rebel Russians attempted to set up a separate government.
 The Malta of the Baltic'' is the name given to Kronstadt and the small island of Kotlin which 1t occupies, but a more appropriate name would be the Gibraltar of Perograd." for sup posedly the impregnable fortress com nands the sea avenue to the great Russia apital.
 The island of Kotlin. which is a little more than seven mics long and a mile and a quarter wide lies at the western extremity of the ay of NeVa- in the fresh water discharged by the River Neva. To the west is the Gulf of Finland.
 -'Kotiin was first fortified in 17o3 by Peter the Great when it wcS wrested from the Swedes, but it was not until seven years later that the great mon arch laid out the town of Kronstadt and began the systematic erection of it's defenses. Three hundred thousand men are said to have been employ cd on this work. but it was not completed until the reign of Peters daughter, Eliza beth.
 The town. which had population of 65, 900 at the beginning of the world y , the Canal of Peter the Great begun in 1721 but not completed until 31 years -ater. and the Catherine Canal, constructed in 11S2. Between tlG- SC two canals stands the Italian palace of Prince Menschikoff one of the most picturesque figures in all Russian his tory. Born of the most humble par ents, Menschikoff, at the age of 20 was selling meat pies in the streets of Moscow when he attracted the. atten- tion of Lefort Peter the Greats fay orite. On the death of the latter Menschikon succeeded to the place of honor with his sovereign and served him energetically. It is said of Men schikoff that he could drill a regi- ment. build a frigate, administer a province and decapitate a rebel with equal facility" Upon hhe death of Peter he became the virtual ruler of Russia during the brief regin of Pe- ter's widow, Catherine I. A turn of the wheel of fortune finally cast him from his high estate-his great wealth largely acquired through corruption i1y were exiled to Siberia where he died in 1729
 The modern Notifications of Kron- stadt were designed in large measure by General Todleben. the famous en- gineer whose system of earthwosls S enabled Sebastopol to resist the siege of the French and English allies Tor S49 days during the Crimean war Todleben devoted Is years to Kron- stadts defenses. profting by his wide experience at Sebastopo1. The forti- -fcations are in the main low, thickly armoured earthworks with large cali Der Krupp guns. There are three well equipped harbors-naval middle and conercia1.
 'Guarding the approach to Petrograd which is 19 miles to the east, Kron- stadt is also the cief station of Rus sia's Baltic fleet.
 While the city has some trade in iron. hemp flax. tar, and oil 1t is handicapped to some extent commer- cially by the fact that the harbors are icebound from December to April
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
WHEN MISS BELINDA TAUGHT

she telephoned this morning that she had just heard that Lucia Harper was on the committee, so she couldn't come"
 why not." asked Ben.
 Have you forgotten the feud be- tween the Hadleys and the Harpere? had over the ownership of a particu- larly peripatetic flock of turkeys years and years ago."
 By George, yesl Bob Scoles and I wrote a ripping account of it for our college daily. didn't suppose the row was on yet"
 Tt is, though, and it's a matter of ancestral pride for Miss Hadley to have nothing to do with anything Lu- eTa is interested in. As they're the last remaining members of the fami- lies 1t is to be hoped the feud will cease with their demise"
 "I can see that your day has been trial"
 Tt was. rather. As soon as I be- gan to describe the preserving of vegetables by what is called the cold pack method, old Mrs. Hartley said she would go home and sew carpet rags because she had no use for such new fangled notions I persuaded her to stay for tea and strawberries. but she wore a supercillious air of conn p.ete indifference all the afternoon and did not hide her satisfaction when Mrs. Nelson broke two precious glass jars full of our asparagus. She remarked that that was the way high -falutin Ideas usually turned out. I did not try to make her realize that if Mrs. Nelson had obeyed instruc- tions and not packed the jars in tight in the dipping basket they would not have cracked in the hot sterilizins bath. Mrs. Hartley is impossible person, Ben."/
 Yes. but you shouldn't have let her spoil the day for you"
 Martha Kennedy was another kill joy. She asked me a question about the chemical change in canned vege- tables that I couldn't answer. Then she remarked that she appreciated my kindness, but she thought it would be better to secure an expert on food conservation to lecture here. You see she once matriculated at the iversity and stayed there a month, and has since looked upon herself as aiumna."
 She must have taken her course intensively," said Ben with grin. Perhaps you're sorry now you didn't accept my invitation"
 No, persisted Miss Belinda. There were three members of my committee who showed intelligent in terest. and will. I'm sure go out and spread the gospel of saving by can ming and canning by saving"
 So you're glad you remained on duty, even though you were on the firing line most of the time. You're no stacker sis! Is supper ready?"
 Yes and I had Katie save you all the largest strawberries we picked to- dayt"-Exchange
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
MUST LOOK TO THE ALLIES.

IF connection with the manner in which the British report charges Hol- iand and the Scandinavian countries with obtaining foodstuffs from this country and sending them or their equivalent to Germany the claim is put forward that they are being forced to send such goods to Ger many in order that they may obtain their needed amount of coal and pos sibly other things from Germany
 Trade between Holland and Ger many of course is easy. It is not so very difficult between the Scardinav- ian countries and Germany and for everything which they get from Ger many it can be appreciated that Ser lin is going to exact that which will be Of the greatest value to Germany. It can of course demand foodstuffs for coal It can insist upon the sending of rubber or needed metals to Ger many in return for the fuel which $ permitted to leave German territory, but it must be appreciated that if those countries are going to contrib ute such aid to one of the belliger- ents it must be understood that the beihgerents on the other side are not going to be forced into parting with their supplies that Germany may be the sainer, even though the pretext s that it is vital to the welfare of the neutrals.
 The question of fuel among the en- tente allies is not so serious as is tha problem of getting it transported. The neutrals can. have their. needs met in this respect by England as well as by Germany. and if the neutraIs can not get their foodstuffs in sufficient quantity from this country with which to pay for their coal from Germany they will be expected to look to the allies. Such of course would be of no benefit to tho entente but it would mean a serious: blow to Germany if it cannot get the help which is now go- ing to it from this country throueh the neutrals. It would thus be for the interests of the allies to undertake to handle this fuel problem of the neutrals.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
RELYING ON u.RoArs.

Field Marshal Hindenburg is cred ite1 with making the statement that the object of the Germans now is to hold their present lines so far as it is possible until the U-boats can ac- compiish the starvation of the allies and win the war. This again indi- cates that supreme reliance is being placed upon the submarine and the ruthless warfare which is being car -ied on by them. It is nothing new in the way of evidence as to what Germany is banking on for such q claim has been made before, but it is possible to look upon the declara- ion nevertheless as an admission that the armies of the central powers are unable to cope with those of the en- tente at the present time and that the best that they can hope to do is to obstruct the progress of the enemy on land while the undersea branch of the navy gets in it's terrible work.
 There can be no question but what the submersibles are doing everything in their power to accomplish what is expected of them. There has been however. but a small part of the time since the unrestricted warfare was put into effect that they have come up to expectations. They have caused no small amount of embarra ssment and terror but they are far from get ting the allies down onto their knees and at the present rate of progress will never be able to accomplish their purpose. Every day brings the allies so much nearer to the time when they can put a greater fleet into operation and greater effectiveness is being shown by the armed liners daily. so that with the help which this country is giving Germany is slowly but sure Iy being driven to a recognition of it's position. And this is particularly true now that Russia has returned to
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
THE WAR TAX BILL,

The war taxation bill has never ceased to be of interest to those who are going to be called upon to con- tribute their share thereto. It has been receiving less attention for the past few days while the food meas ure has been getting the right of way, but the senate finance committee has been at work never the1ess and the bill in revised form as presented to the upper house will be much different than that which has had the attention of the lower body.
 Tn the senate the effort has been made to overcome some of the incon- sistencies of the house bill. There is 9 strong feeling that, while everyone must do his part and there will be many ways in which he will feel 1t, the big burden should be placed upon wealth. and this is fully disclosed when it is estimated that fully two thirds of the revenue to be derived by the measure as framed in the sen ate, will come from the taxes on in comes and the excess profits.
 There has been a change made in the stamp tax proposal. levies of five per cent. on gross sales of manufac- tured goods have been eliminated as has the plan for retroactive taxes on last years incomes, together with the general ten per cent. increase of du- ties on imports. There is a prohibi- tive tax on distilled liquors and in creased taxes on other intoxicants, while taxes have been placed on the consumption of sugar tea, coffee and cocoa. but provision for making up for the losses has been made by the excess profits tax according to graduated scale ranging from 12 per cent. on profits not exceeding Is per cent of normal. up to 40 per cent. on profits of more than 15O per cent. above normal. This is intended to get substantial revenue from the war profits and it must be appreciated that there is where a large slice of the income should be obtained from instead of exacting heavy amounts from normal business operations.
 It is not to be supposed that the senate will consider the programme entirely satisfactory as it comes from the committee but it is probable that the final bill will be more nearly on it's lines than on those proposed by the house
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

branches of the war ssrTtess- Tor rington Register.
 The announcennent that -EIock lr- land will be iess -aecss sfbfe ti1is tear than ever wfiI come as blow Co lot Of Ne-iden peep Q % mo have been accustomed t1 seek th4a sea rnaorr each season. The steamer which piled between the island and &eX Bon.l lE has been taken on and hereafter tho oniy way 70 reach fine place VIII Do by way of $rwport. Newport la not the easiest place in the coUutTF t1 reach for one has Co SD Co Providence and then come down hs train or zJ 10 Fall River and make A<e change or else zo Co Hsfkford and steam down The nsrb0E For aH hour r. is preEunsed tnar the resson Tor the taking of Of the %eV London boat fs HeSause or ne Etrfs of cum cient pa trOuaRs. There cpaid 1e no other real reason. for The old boat that made the trips across was not new iner that would Uk-.y 70 conn nnandesred by f1e Eo1 @rur1ent For service abroad. As Tor tntf matter the shskv old Nt Hope titat r41s from Newport sver. must be Enc old est ateamr- in the word. It looks it-
 -Ner;den Journal
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

During these winter months the place is decidedly dreary in apearance.
 'Peterhoi, a town of 16.o 900 inhabi- tants founded by Peter the Great in I'll and famous for it's imperial pal ace, built in imitation of Versailles, lies to the southeast of Kronstadt a distance of ten miles.
 During the summer season in peace times pa ssenger steamers ply between Kronstadt and Petrograd with ferry boat frequency. the trip requiring an hour and a half"
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

was prevented from doing my work.
 '1 sent for free sample of Cuticura Soap and Ointment. It gave me relief so I bought more, and used two cakes of Cuticura Soap and two boxes of Oint- ment when I was completely healed" (Signed) Miss Josephine Hovey, Adams Court, Biddeford, Me, July 20, 1916.
 You may rely on Cuticura to care for your skin, scalp, hair. and hands. Moth and blotohes, the scalp of dandruff and the hands of chapping. Besides the Soap has no superior for all toilet uses.
 For Free Trial by Return Mail ad- dress postcard: 'tCuticura, Dept. R, Boston, Sold throughout the world.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

will you drive over to Madison with me to-day = asked Miss Belin- breakfast table. It's a line day for motoring"
 wish I could, Ben. But I can't possibly leave hone." replied Miss Belinda.
 Surely you can tear yourself away from the garden so long as thae?"
 For once it isn't the garden that keeps me. You know I'm on the local committee of the council for national defense
 'I know that, but it certainty doesn't mean that you can't leave your own locality for a few hours, does it?"
 Don't be absurd. Ben, You see I'm to give a little talk and demonstration this afternoon. I coached up before I left the city especially, so that I could help our neighbors out here preserve their surplus garden truck, and I've been made the chairman of a commit tee on canning, and it's high time to put up asparagus and pieplant. Their season is nearly past"
 T really wished you to go with me. an emergency conference at the uni versity. If you could postpone your little shindg and come along you would find it interesting, and no doubt be helpful with suggestions. You always are, sis"
 Thank you. Ben. I'm sorry I can't go with you" said Miss Belinda, but you see I'm enlisted in this humble service and I can't give myself leave of absence after I have called a meet ing"
 And begged and implored the wo- men to come, Fl be bound
 T have had to urge them some, Ben" Miss Belinda admitted. You know how hard it is to stir up inter est in a new project in this communi ty.''
 ''Tll wager you baited them with a hint of afternoon tea and stra.wber- ries and cream. Do you think that is food conserva tion, my dear2"
 They would surely expect some little refreshment after coming all the way out here from the village
 ''Oh, you needn't apologize or ex- plain. I know you, Belinda. Well, I must be off. Good tuck to the can- ming talk. You can work in the old what you can't you can.
 This is to be a serious talk. Ben" replied Miss Belinda in what her brother terms her snubbiest manner and declares she reserves exclusively for him.
 When he returned to Hilltop late in the afternoon he found his sister looking considerably Tagged. She was seated in porch lounsing chair "How's the canning industry" he in quired teasingly. Did you have an inspiring meeting?"
 T fear there wasn't much inspira- ton. I had counted on Miss Hadiey taking ho-d of the idea with vim, but
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

It may be all right for a nation which buys of one belligerent and sells to it's enemy to class itself as a neutral. but that belligerent isn't obliged to supply the goods for such trade, however much the ultimate con- sumner may be anxious to get them and the trade eager to gather in the sheckels.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
LETTERS TO THE EDIi0l
An Appreciative Word.

MT. Editor: With Red Cross week behind us and our faces turned to- ward the great work ahead. one of the first things I want to do is to eS- press to you our sincere appreciation of the assistance rendered by your paper in helping the Red Cross.
 I have :u mind particularly an edi- toriaI in your issue of June 1Sth- enti- tied The Rcd Cross Fund, which was most helpful.
 Your cooperation is of very great
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

the fight with a determination to stick to the end and to force an honorable and early peace by the part which it can play in cooperation with the other members of the entente.
 Marshal Hindenburg may still place much reliance in the U-boats but his admission rather gives the impression that Ile already sees the handwriting on the wall.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
OTHER VIEW POINTS

A great deal is being said these days about the necessity of safe guarding the moral atmosphere of the cities near which the big army can comments are to be located. This is all very well. so far as the cities are concerned, but the imputation that soldiers are worse morally than the civilian population should not be a. lowed to go unchallenged.-Br Bridge port Standard.
 If little Katherine Stimson of Miss ssippi. age 2l. weight los pounds. can all q. one drive a big military bipiane from Buffalo to Washington. bearing Red Cross dispatches a distance of 670 miles through the air in two days, why should not any young American man of average capacity. intelligence and courage do the same 'on the bat tie front in France? T. is proposed to help win this war with thousands of American military aeroplanes. but av- iators are hard to get in large mum oers. the average volunteer for war fighting shy of sky-service as too dangerous. Yet, if little Miss Stinl- son is not one out of q mil ion and wonder indeed. aviation must br rel atively easy and with proper train ing, really less dangerous than other
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

arnS were covered. Then a hard crus. formed just like a scale. My face too broke out the same way and the eruption caused disagreement. Host a good deal of sleep. My arms were inf1amed so I could pes< roIl upr r,u eiAeves and I
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
EDITORIAL NOTES.

The man on the corner says: Prob ably the most satisfactory self made man is the fellow who isn't too well satisfied with himself
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

Every consumer jumps at the pros poets of lower food and fuel prices like a robin for a big fat worm. Get ting them. however, is another propo- cit
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

There can be no question but what the Red Cross has been given much of the money which would under nor mai conditions have been spent on the Fourth
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

The fact that all the ships bearing American troops reached France safe Iy was in no way due to a lack of in terest on the part of the German sub ma riOeS
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

On the night before and throughout the day, the evidence goes to prove that there was a thorough understand ing of the fact that the Fourth was to be safe and sane.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

value in the work we are trying to do. Yours sincerely.
 H. P. DAWSON. Chairman. Red Cross War Council. Washington. D. C.. July ?, 1917.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

When captured German officers de-
 clare that England is under the con- trcl of Germany, since London has been captured, it shows how little the subjects of that country know about what is going OH in the outside world.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

Looked at from the standpoint of the coal barons it is a tremendous sacrifice which they are making by giving up the robber business and engaging in legitimate business trans actions.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

There can be no doubt henceforth but what there can be safe and sane celebration sof the Fourth if there is the disposition.
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
(UT|CURA HEALS BLOTCHES ON ARMS
That Itched and Burned. Hard Crust Formed Like Scale. Face Broke Out. Two Cakes Cuticura Soap
 and Two Boxes Ointment Healed.

Great blotches broke out on my arms that would itch and burn so that when I scratched them they spread till my
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05
Readers of THE BULLETIN

Readers of
 THE BULLETIN
 By sending this coupon to the National Emergency Food Garden
 Commission, 21o Maryland Bldg, Washington,
 D. C.,
 with a two cent stamp to pay post age a canning and drying manual free of charge. All you have to do is fill out the space and enclose the two cent stamp fer postage. These are twelve page manuals, fully ii- Iustrated and are scrt out in CO., operation with this paper as a part of the personal service we at all times aim to give our readers. Name City ..-..... State .......
Norwich bulletin., 1917-07-05

branches Of the Tor rineton Register
The herald-advance. (Milbank, S.D.) 1890-1922, 1917-10-26

TO INCREASE CAR EFFICIENCY
Appeal Made to Shippers to Utilize
Equipment 20 Utmost, Thus Over.
coming Car Shortage.

Photographs Of cars loaded below
their carrying capacity are being sent
to shippers by the Baltimore & Ohio
railroad in an effort to increase the
efficiency of its facilities as a war
measure. The policy has been adopt
ed as a part Of a program by which,
the company Is making an appeal to
utilize equipment to the utmost, thus
assisting in overcoming the car short
age resulting from the requirements
of the government and the abnormal
traffic resulting from business activ-
ity. j. M. Davis, vice president Of the
B. & O.. says: zone of u large
shippers could have increased the mar
ket output Of his plant by 100 car
loads last month Of greater care had
been given to loading to capacity the
cars furnished. Railroad equipment
Us a general rule has a capacity 10
per cent In excess Of the capacity
stenciled."
The herald-advance. (Milbank, S.D.) 1890-1922, 1917-10-26
Write TO sammiea.

It's pathetic to see the eagerness
with which the doughboys wait for let
ters from home. writes q war CORE
spOndent from France. One would
cheerfully trade a package of tobacco
for a single sheet Of paper with an
American postmark-and he would not
sell a package Of tobacco for five
francs ut this writing! l have e
him pay ten francs for a five-cent pack
age, but that was because q submarine
sank the boat bringing his supply and
he happened to be short temporarily.
To all those girls who are adopting
soldiers, / would suggest two letters
a week. and regular contributions Of
tobacco.
Captain Hull drew A letters. Six
were from his wife, one from his five
year-old son, and 81 were from moth
ers Of boys In his company. They
wanted to know why Jimmie didn't
write; and would the captain please
take good care Of him and see that he
didn't get his feet wet? And was the
food all right? because Jimmy had
been raised a pet. They know how busy
the captain must be with SO many to
look after, but If he would only watch
over Jimmy a mothers prayers would
go up to the Heavenly Father for him
every night.
The herald-advance. (Milbank, S.D.) 1890-1922, 1917-10-26
RAILROADS. LEASE IDLE LAND
20 Increase Food Supply Of
United States.

Railroads Of the West and middle
West r leasing millions Of acres Of
their idle land at nominal rentals In an
effort to increase the food supply. ac-
cordlng to q statement issued by Fair
fax Harrison, chairman Of the rail-
roads wal board.
Reports made to the board" said
Mr.. Harrison, "show that virtually all
the land owned by the roads which Is
not being used for operating purposes
Is now under cultivation or is being
used by live stock owners for grazing.
I'm addition q number OF railroads
are Offering garden plots to families
living along their right Of way, with
out charge, while other roads have Of
fered big tracts to the states In which
they operate"