davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-10-23
Lumber Trade Feels Effect
Of Increased Use of Substitutes;
Business Methods Need Revision

OF the stands OF local timber and
discovery OF new sources for the
manufacture OF other building ma.
terials are given as some OF the rea-
sons for these changes More than
rs per cent OF the replacement OF
wood. however, is made in spite OF
higher initial cost OF the subsu.
thte
The effect OF the growing use OF
other materials has been 20 accen-
tuate competition and decrease prof
its IA The lumber business. As a
result % this and other reasons, al
ternate periods OF curtailment and
oyerp production have made the lem
Der market unstable This IN turn
has resulted 20 the disadvantage not
only of he persons whose money is
invested I'm timber and sawmills.
but 20 the many hundred thousands
who are dependent upon the lumber
Industry FOR their living Lumber.
mon have felt, III is said, the effect
Of the replacement OF their product
by other materials, but have not
realized the extent 10 which Il has
taken place. They have failed 70
adopt aggressive selling methods
and have been unable 20 supply the
consumer with reliable Information
regarding lumber, because they did
not have f. A complicated system
Of grades Is In use which is not in
tollieible 70 the average consumer
and is even the subject OF considera-
Die dispute among lumhermen
Manufacturers Of other building
ma erial have spent large sums OF
money to obtain reliable informa
tion about their products They
have had 10 advertise extensively
~ make a place in the sun for
themselyca substitutes for lumber
are guaranteed 90 meet speCltCa-
fions which aro easily understood
by Che con -nmer. These facts. the
report states. hate combined 20
make the substitutes Increasingly
popular
For lumbcrmen 10 hold their mar
kets against competing materials. IL
viii be necessary for them 20 learn
more about the fundamental prop
critics OF wood. the author OF the
report says They can do this either
BY scientific research fnI-th hem
selves or by cooperating with agen-
cies already established Better
manufacturing and selling methods,
and the development of by products
should enable them 20 make profit
IN spite OF the limitations on the
prices -of lumber which may be i'm
posed By competing substitutes.
Even with the increasing substitu-
tiou for wood the report points out,
there will be need for all the wood
In The United states. and more The
total consumption OF the country
for many years has been far in eN-
cess OF the growth Already In
many regions timber shortage and
high prices have followed the exc
haustion OF The local supply From
the public standpoint there is q
real need for growing forests VAST
~ larger than are now planned for
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-10-23
KIDS" PROVE
GOOD statesmen

Il want 10 find out what kind of
paint you got that can be washed
my mother wants 70 know" said a
bright young lad 10 one OF the dem
onstrators in the Builders & Trad
ers permanent building exposition
in the Pcnobscot building.
Questioned. he said Il came
here with the school children last
year and saw that stuff. but can't
remember the name OF It. I told
mother about Il and she wants y
lie was given the information and
sent on his way happy.
Another youngster burst into the
exposition all excitement.
Say, my mother wants 20 buy a
furnace. but told her not 10 buy
any until she looked at that funny
furnace | saw here" ne said Tho
mother came later. looked a, the
funny" furnace. as the boy termed
il, and bought one.
Those are merely incidents In the
daily routine of the exposition, bat
they indicate that the plan Of hav
Ing the school children visit the eX
hibits brings results.
The children will begin 20 come
tho last day OF October and every
week during the school season
about 100 scholars will be taken
care Of They Will be brought 10
the exchange by special car and re-
turned 10 tho school after the IN
spection. The exchange PAYS the
bill. In addition. prizes in the form
OF checks are given for the best
azFRyS Written DV The children on
what they see and hear in The eN-
position. One youngster who won
FIRST prize, cashed the check ana
then wrote tho exchange asking
that the check be returned 10 him
20 that ne could keep ~ as SOU
venir
The Batchelder-w asmund com
pany has added some very aitrac'
tive examples of cut stone 20 their
exhibit, including sun dial ana
pedestal. a bird bath and some pal
ustrade pedestals. Al are spieh'
/ did specimens
Additional kitchen cabinets have
been added. az well as hes'eIs,
ranges and medicine cabinets some
now ideas In freproof cabinets ah9
/ wall safes have also been hhte"
with the displays
The number Of inQuiriNs ana Nl7.
rnrs who daily take advantage oI
the exposition u increasing s'eSu.
! ny. indicating a betterment IN 'he
| building conditions
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-10-23

twenty-five years ago lumber was
regarded as almost as much OF
necessity as wheat. while today It
IS steadily being replaced by varl-
Gus substitutes, says report by
the Forest Service on The substi.
tuition Of other materials for wood
Dsrcgardng the temporary effect
OF the war. with its sudden demand
FOR lumber and IT, great enhance.
ment OF prices OF many substitute
materials. The report points out the
tendency in the long run. Each
year more steel, concrete. brick, or
tile Is being used in places where
lumber was formerly employed.
This Is particularly true in cities
where enactment on building codes
and the Development ~ new forms
OF construction have created de-
mand for more durable building ma
tcrial Shingles have given way
largely 20 composition and tile roof
ings, wooden sidewalks have been
almost wholly replaced by cement.
while the modern skyscraper with
IFS steel framework. and stone.
brick. or tile walls occupies the site
Of some former frame structure.
Railroad crosstics and minc props
are about the only forms OF wood
which are not affected
How hard this substitution has
HIT the lumber business Is shown
by the government estimate that
the total replacement % lumber IN
aH form ~ uec Is 8.0900o0,00o
board feet or 81 per cent OF the
lumber consumption of the United
ctates In iel5 The rate OF substi
tuition seems 30 be Increasing and
now In excess ~ sos, 100000 board
fe,t year Approximately ~ per
cent ot The lumber cut gocs' into
rrn. Of uso whose dcmsnd- ap
aaar t0 he DECREASING twenty per
cent ..o~s goes into strongly com
nottivo fields ln thc remaining 10
uer cent ~ wood uses, there seems
10 be "a much better opportunity for
a larger consumption Increasing
substitution has not, however, low
cred lumber prices 20 the consum
or. the report points out. on the
contrary. they have steadily nd
yanccd. while the cost az many sub
stuutcs has decTeased EXHAUSTION
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-10-23

! nitrd states Senator Duncan q.
Fletcher. OF Florida. prcsidcutf
nnrry 4. Cochrane, director rener-
NJ. and Clarence ,. owens. mnnaE-
knn dircctor~D f che Southern tom b.
TncrciRt onErrss, now in session I'm
New York cit,. have lnbored Tor
scverni months Co make The meet
iuE biH success. MRny prominent
men, among them planters. bank
erH md manufactures 80 the south,
hava been Ia attendance.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-10-23
LITTLE STORIES FOR BEDTIME
The Quarrel of Two Cousins.
Alas Alas When cousins fight
How dreadful us 70 seel
~ THORNTCN " HdRGkSS

Copyright. 1917. by 7. w. Burgess)
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1917-10-23

stitutcs has oecIeaseA
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24
TindaI News Notes.

Tindal. Nov. 21.--The farmers in
this neighborhoOd have about finish
ed gathering cotton.
There has been very little oats and
wheat planted SO far.
There will be hot supper at Prov
idencc school house near Tindal on
Wednesday night, November 2Sth for
the benefit Of the school and Y. NJ.
c. A. The public is cordially invited
to come and he served in the old
fashion country style.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24
COUNCIL OF DEFENSE.
Movement Started to Largely Increase
the Wheat Acreage In Sumter
County:

A meeting of the County Council OF
Defense was held i'm the rooms OF the
Chamber of Commerce Wednesday,
with "a majority Of the township COM
mittees represented. between forty
and fifty members of the council be-
ing present The most important
matter before the meeting was the re-
quest Of the State Council that an ac-
tive campaign be Immediately started
TO increase the wheat acreage of
Sumter county. The National and
state Councils of Defense aroused to
the urgent and imperative necessity Of
increasing the wheat acreage and
production very largely in the South,
as we'll as I'm all other sections Of the
country in order that the shortage OF
wheat supplies may be made up and
n bread famine prevented next year.
Each section of the country outside
of the wheat belt is being urged to
plant sufficient wheat Immediately t.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

We had occasion recently to travel
from Sumter to MaYeSVille and St.
Charles by auto. We found a road
worse than any road we have in Clar-
endOn. We mention that because
some of cur people think that all
Sumter roads are like the ones which
county. The best roads we know Of
are in Lee county, though there, too,
we may have passed along the bras
J Herald.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

crs in their sections to induce wheat
: and Oat planting are requested to re-
rort to Secretary T.. l. Reardon the
number of acres Of wheat, oats, and
as near as possible the estimated
number of hogs each farmer expects
to raise during the next twelve
months. This information is very i'm
portant for war purposes and for the
benefit of the people of this county
also in the furnishing Of information
to the National Food Administration
to show that Sumter County is irving
to be self-sustaining i'm the food tho
government insists should be grown
OF raised by each county.
Equally as important as wheat pro-
duction is that the number of hogs
be rapidly increased and the town
ship committees are urged to do ev-
crything possible to induce people of
their respective communities to raise
more hogs next year than ever before
The prosperity that the farmers oe
This section are now enjoying as the
result of high prices for cotton and
tobacco and big corn crop may have
tended to blind many of them to the
fact that this country is face to face
with most serious food shortage ard
that ere another harvest season ar
rives many thousands Of people in the
United states may be suffering foc
food. Even those who have plenty OF
money may not be able to buy food
to satisfy their hunger, and those
who have little money will not be able
to buy sufficient food to support life.
owing to famine prices The food ad
ministration will limit the amounts OF
foodstuffs that dealers may sell to n
person. and will regulate prices, if the
emergency becomes more acute than
1t now u.s. but even these drastic
meascures will not relieve suffering if
there is not sufficient food to go
around. 1t is to guard against such
deplorable situation that the effort
is now being made to show every
farmer the urgent necessity Of plant
ing wheat now an1 planting as many
acres as possible on each farm. And
unless the South raises hogs in suf-
hcient number to fed the people of
the South there will be many meat
less days in thousands OF homes with
in the next twelve months. Last
spring the slogan was ''Grow Food or
Go Hungry" Today the situation IS
even more serious than it was then
and the South must grow it's own food
or our people will suffer. The farm
ers must bear in mind that they are
expected to produce food not only for
their immediate families and depend
ents. but also for the many thousands
of town and city dwellers who are so
situated that they can not produce
food for themselves. And they are also
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

produce sufficient wheat FOR local com
sumption--no barely sufficient ro,
TURNER'S but for the entire population
OF the respective States, if possible
and some TO spare. The National Food
Administration is gradually tightcnino
the regulations and it is almost GER
tain that the shipment Of wheat from
the grain sections to the South will
be greatly curtailed If not entirely
prohibited in the near future. and tho
South TO have wheat bread must nro-
ducc the wheat it needs. as it can
easily do. The appeal to the farm
ers is to plant not less than two acres
of wheat to each plow operated. TO
plant the wheat on the best land. to
prepare the land thoroughly and to
fert.lize the wheat crop as liberallv as
possible. The effort is to produce q
maHimum, yield on each acre planted
for every bushel of wheat that can he
produced will be needed. The South
cannot possibly produce too much
wheat.
The situation was fully discussed
in the light OF the information fur
nished by the Council of Defense and
the Agricultural Department. which
Chairman Phelps laid before the
meeting. 1t was decided that each
township chairman would at once Or
ganize his committee to make house
to house canvass to urge the farmers
to plant more wheat at once and TO
secure pledges from all farmers as TO
the acreage they have or will plant.
The committee men present pledged
themselves TO make the energetic
campaign at once. since It is real
iZed that there is no time to be lost,
as wheat should be in the ground be-
fore December 18th Goth, II possible.
The farmers present at the meet
ing pledged themselves to plant the
following amounts of wheat-a num-
her having already planted:
w. T. Brown. 8 plows, Is acres.
s. ID. Cain. 8 plOws. acres.
r. o. Purdy. plows, acres.
A. G.. Phelps. plows. acres.
H. ID. Tindal, 6 pIows. 10 acres
j. w. Mccoy. 4 plows, 6 acres.
j. f. NJ. Hodge. plows. 16 acres
M. NJ. Brown. plow, 2 acres.
Miller Coulter, plows, IL acres.
DR.. Push Mclaughlin. 10 plows 81
acres.
s. j. White. 10 plows. 20 acres.
X. NJ. Moore, 6 plows, IS acres
II. T.. Atkinson. 6 plows, 16 acres
j. II. Myers. SO plows. SO to 100
acres.
Joe Davis 10 plows' 10 to 20
acres.
r.. w. Dabbs, 10 plows, 6 acres.
j. II. Ball. 8 plows 8 acres.
The members of the Sumter Coun-
~ Council OF Defense who visit farm
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

People OF
needs practically all of the coal
Grafton of the ship
building plants operations 1t is the OBJ
of to reduce the consumption
OF i'll ENTERPRISES which
to possibl2 To this
substitute oak and other woods as
urged to sup
patriotic duty in
in Of wood and coal
Of good prices
put suitable shape CRATES of the
substituted for coal
in o. the
Of of
manufacturing and
transportation operations
r.
Chairman Fuel
Sumter, S. c., 10, 1917
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

ficiariC5 of the upheaval, are now
leading the pack in the effort to pull
him down, when age has shorn him
o. hi strength and the ability to take
care oil himself i'm a rough and tumble
"sht where no quarter is given.
III Is reported that few of the
farmers of Sumter county wh) plant
large acreages are laying plans IL
plant all cotton next year. 1t is sail
that they arc buying oats and corn
sufficient to feed heir stock and will
plant neither small grain this fall nor
corn next spring. The report may be
without foundation. but If it is true
these farmers will force the govern
ment to adopt measures to restrict
ana regulate the acreage devoted ID
non-food crops and perhaps to place
a heavy tax upon those who plant
more than one-half of their arabic
land in cotton and tobacco. The men
who have charge of the food admin
istration will not quietly sit by and SEE
some men do nothing to help supply
the food needed by the army and the
navy and the Industrial classes in thi
country and abroad. They will MT
permit these men TO draw upon the
surplus of food produced by other
farmers i'm this and other sections Of
the country.
The farmers OF South Carolina VIII
are loyal and patriotic will respon.i
cheerfully to the call to plant two
acres of wheat to every plow. That Is
the contribution they can make to
help win the war.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

Los Angeles, Nov. 21.-This city at
an election yesterday voted to abolish
saloons after April 1st, next year.
The ordinance, however, permits the
sale of wines and liquors of an alco-
holic content not exceeding fourteen
per cent. in original packages and
limited quantities.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

Washington. Nov. 22.-Cotton seed
received at mills between August 1st
and October 31st, less shipments.
amounted to 1,G91,916 tons; crushings
amounted to S29,549 tons; on hand
S96,294 tons, the census bureau an
nounced.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

Sumter County has raised the
amount allotted to the county as its
contribution TO the Y. NJ, c. A. War
Fund. The fund for the Community
Recreation Fund is being raised and
the county will give the amount ask
ed. In "a short time there will be
another call for funds for the Rel
Cross. and as long as the war con-
tinues there will be calls for other
and larger contributions. Our people
may as well make up their minds
that they will be asked to give and
give again and aagin with a liberal
ity that they have never believed pos
sible. Our young men are I'm ter
rible fight to the death to save Amer
lea from the scourge or the Huns
and the people who stay at home can
do their little part by providing the
means to help keep these nghtins
men NJ and strong to fight victorious
battle.
III the Board OF Health and the City
Council have any hesitancy about
taking the initiative i'm repeating the
anti-hog ordinance they might call
the physicians of the city In confer.
ence To pass upon the question.
The few rabid Blease newspapers in
tho State are raking up all the ola
scandals OF the dlspensary regime and
laying them all mt the doorstep OF
senator Tillman. They are also re-
viving every damaging charge tina
was ever made against Tinman. OF
any OF his under-strappers. and are
holding him responsible for all the
trouble and bitterness that grew out
OF the partisan administration of thS
Reform regime. IL is sad but true
that chickens will come to roost and
the men who were cheek by jowl
with Tillman In the turbulent days OF
the reform era. and were the bene-
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

called upon TO remember that the
surplus food that they produce will all
find q ready market at prices that wili
yield a profit that should satisfy any
one
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24

Mr.. Lloyd George says that unity
is essential. In fact, it would be
very good idea if the allies would
adopt "E Pluribus Unum" as their
motto.-News and Courier.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1917-11-24
Gbs ddlattlman ana SoutbruE
Published Wednesday and saturday
by
OSTEEN PUBLISHING COMPANY
SUMTER, y. e..
Terms:
Sf.50 per annum--in advance.
Advertisements.

One Square first insertion :. ..$1.0O
Every subsequent Insertion. e. 80
Contracts for three months. or
longer will be made at reduced rates.
All communications which sub
serve private interests will be charged
for as advertisements.
Obituaries and tributes OF respec,
will be charged for.
The Sumter Watchman was found .
ell In 1850 and the True Southron III
1S66. The Watchman and Southron
now has the combined circulation and
Influence of both OF the old papers
and is manifestly the best advertiser
medium in Sumter.
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1917-05-21
MAN ESCAPES
FROM INSANE ASYLUM

DALLAS. Texas, May 2l.--Dallas
officers have been warned to be eX-
tremely careful if they find man
wbo made a thrilling escape from the
ASYLUM at Terrell yesterday morning
,r, 4. .anerintendent of the asylum tel
enhoned here that the man tore bars
ont of a window on the loerth iioor
Of the building and escaped by cut
ting blanket and making a rope
Win which he lowered himself to
the ground.
ole is the most dangerous man
,,e have ever handled and we have
had lots of bad ones" said Superin-
tendent Powell. Take no chances
with him. because he will shoot to
LIN ~ he has a weapon. Handle him
like you would a murderer
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1917-05-21
BRITISH VIEW
HAS CHANGED
ARE PLEASED WITH PROGRESS
THE UNITED STATES is MAX
ING FOR WAR.
WERE ONCE DISAPPOINTED
At One Time Ii Was Thought That
america Would Not Profit by
Mistakes Made BY England
in Early Days of 1914.

LONDON. May England is
glad to know that America is max
ing haste slowly"
The popular understanding every
where is that the United States is do
ing exactly what Premier Lloyd
George, in his speech in the house
of commons. uggested-taking adj
vantage of England's mistakes.
The British viewpoint today IS
quite changed from that which was
held the first few weeks after Amer
ica's entry into the war. There was
an undercurrent then of disappoint-
ment at the delay of the United
States and at the failure of America
and Americans to possibly appreciate
the great task ahead, or to under
stand the necessity for exerting every
ounce of effort in organizing for the
war in the most prompt and thorough
manner.
own inability to grasp the full mean
ing of the struggle in those early days
in 1914
But the news from America the
past few days has seemingly changed
the view point. Foremost, perhaps
is the effect of President Wilson's
CONSUMPTION proclamation and the
subsequent announcement OF Perish
ing's eNpeditionary force. Even
more effective has been the arrival
in England of an American army
medical unit and of an American
destroyer flotilla to take its place il
the fighting line at sea.
big audience in London crowded
every performance of a special movis
yesterday displaying films showing
1.-The arrival of American destroyers
land cheered pictures as other Brit
'ishers cheered the men themselves
The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1917-05-21
THE ITALIANS
PUSH FORWARD
SINGING PATRIOTIC SONGS AS
THEY GO INTO BATTLE ITAL-
IASS CONTINUE ADVANCE.
FIGHTING LIKE DEMONS.
Clinging 10 Inaccessible Heights and
Hidden BY Clouds Of Bursting
Shells the Italians Fight
Desperately.

ROME. May 21--Clinging to
seemingly inaccessible heights where
there are clouds of enemy shells and
singing patriotic songs all the while
Italian troops are still pushing for
ward north OF Gorilla, the fighting
now reaching a climax of intensity
Numbers OF fresh Austrian divis-
ions have been transferred direct
from the Russian front and thrown
into the action.
The men are fighting behind
rocks and barriers of stores hastily
thrown together, or caves cut out
of the granite ridges. The ridged
SIDES of the mountain are broken by
waves of italian troops advancing
v here small groups must match in
G:S idual resource and strength
against the enemy.
Along Monte Sooci section today
General Cardinals singing soldiers
captured a whole row of under
ground barracks bases. The dugouts
had evidently been furnished for
Teuton officers. They were luxuri-
antly fitted up and stocked with
huge supplies of wines and other
comforts.