davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13
How Fresh Air Can
Cure tuberculosis

A patient in tuberculosis sanitor:
ium writes to the state board of health
to ask, What is the effect of fresh
air upon the germ of tuberculosis in
the lungs?"
Reply-There is probably no direct
effect of fresh air upon the tubercle
bacillus in the lungs. The fresh air
affects the patient and makes it easier
to fight Off the disease.
The healthy human body has its
fighting edge" which enables it to
hold it's own against the tubercle bac-
illus if it is given chance. Great
numbers of people become infected
with tubercle germs who do not de-
velop actual disease because the germs
cannot gain any foothold. It is the
people who live in overheated rooms
and breathe the air of dusty factories
and get too little food and sleep who
fall Victims to tuberculosis. Dissipa-
ton and attacks of other diseases also
prepare the way for it.
Life in the open under medical adj
vice, breathing fresh, cool air and sur
rounding the body with fresh cool air
things somehow stimulate the
system to resist the invading germ,
build up its vital resistance, so tina,
the patient who has just begun to de-
velop tuberculosis succeeds in over
coming the germs and at last gets we'll.
In every case of tuberculosis and
in most other diseases as we'll there
are two sides, as there are said to be
to quarrel. 1t is always important to
strengthen the body as to weaken the
germ, and this is what fresh air does
Indeed, we cannot, by medicine or in
any other way, attack the germs Of
tuberculosis
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

inc merits of the new pipe organ
at the Congregational church were de-
llghttully displayed by Mrs. Cleveland
ana Mrs. Ernest Wright of Fargo. Fri
day evening. This was the opening
recital on the new organ and an in
'erested and appreciative audience
was gathered to hear it. Mrs. Cleve-
land very ably showed the tone quail
lty and power of the instrument in the
cholce of her selections. Mrs. Wright
deilgflted the audience by her charm
Ing manner and pleasing voice.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

! washington, Sept. 6.-Prlce hI1na
for meat and dairy products has NJ
place in the governments food con
troll plans, Herbert Hoover, the food
administrator, today told the Nati0nal
Livestock conference. Not only would
1t be inadvisable to institute price-dx
Ing in these industries, he declared
but the food administration has beer
given no such power.
AS long as there is a heavy demand
for meat with a decreased production
Mr.. Hoover said, meat prices win Gun
tinue to soar. The hope OF the food
administration is that 1T can sstahilfne
quotations and thus eliminatetspecnIar
tiOn.
Il cannot believe that there il -
panacea for a situation Of this kind
said Mr.. Hoover. Our problem 81 l.
increase production.
The best we may expect is allow
development toward the ends we seok-
Drastic control of packing plants, with
government operation an alternative
Will not work. We can administer
food control only through the cooper
alton of all interests concerned
WILL BUY EXPORT WHEAT
There is no power in the food bin
TO fix prices and we never have asked
that power. Everywhere in Europe.
prlce-flXlng-that is the naming or
maximum prices-has failed. We had
the fixing of wheat prices thrust upon
us, as it is our duty to purchase 80
per cent of the crop for export and re
had the wheat committee name Juice
as a guarantee to producers and te
stop speculation.
1.-THE meat situation is such that =
high price to producers is guaranteed
Tor many years. If war were to end
suddenly, or if the submarines were 70
be overcome, however, great stores OF
wheat would be released in Argentine,
Australia and India and the bottom
would have dropped out Of the market
in this country. These three nations
will have on hand soon enough wheat
to feed the world, but ships cannot be
had to transport it.
Beef and pork present different sit.
uatlons. We export a small amount
of beef, relatively, but now we are
over-exporting pork and it may be-
come necessary to take measures to
keep proper relation between the price
OF corn and hogs. We want your ad~
vice as to how this may be done.
Would Stabilize Prices 5z
There is nothing that can be done
to stop the rise in meat prices if the
shortage continues, but if we stabilize
prices, the rise will move production
and must get that price, although there
can be no government guarantee and
see no way to bring about a voluH-
tary agreement as to the prices that
should be paid.
II doubt if legislation to guarantee
producers a minimum price is wise
and in meat believe it is impossible
to accomplish this"
General discussion developed opin-
ions that prices might be stabilized to
some extent through Capitalization OF
the allies purchasing. The food admin
lsthation, acting as the allied fund
agent, not only will buy for
the European governments, but
through them. for the civilian popula-
lions as we'll.
Walter L. Fisher, former secretary
Of the interior, said that the allied pun
chasing necessarily would affect
American food markets, and that its
control would in a large measure give
the food administration control or
meat prices.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13
Hoover Says No Price Fixing
for Meat and Dairy Foods

Minot News: Mrs. Cap Sanders
has as her guest her young brother
Leonard Beleal OF Valley City,, who
will be here for couple of months.
Mrs. c. J. Coleman and son Ar
thur and daughter Mary returned to
their home at jamestown yesterday
after being here for visit with rela-
tives. They were the house guests of
Mrs. Colemans brother, NJ. F. Mulroy
and family while here. They also Wis
tied at Edmonton, Can, and stopped
here on their way home.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Company G and the band staged an
other dress parade Friday evening. 4
large delegation of citizens turned out
to witness the event, and when the
four platoons Of troops and the band
passed in parade they were each Civ
en- hearty applause. The boys are rap
idly mastering the tactics and pres
ent fine appearance.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Great is the power of suggestion.
Someone suggested to Captain Richie
that the weeds on the front end of the
lot across from the new postohice
building were German weeds and Sat-
urday morning a detail from Company
G removed the weeds and cleaned up
along the sidewalk SO it looks spir
and span.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

The Varco family, who have man.
aged the Rudolf hotel very efficiently
for the past two years, left Friday
morning by car for Minneapolis, where
they will reside.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Mrs. Roger Lloyd and small daugh-
ter, of Burlington, are spending few
days here with Mrs. Lloyd's parents.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. X. Myhre. Mrs
Lloyd came to say goodbye to her two
brothers, Howard, who was one Of the
five drafted men who left Wednesday
evening, and Ernest, who has joined
the marines.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

The many friends of Miss Ruth
WiesDeck, of the class of 1915, will be
glad to know that she has accepted a
position as teacher of the third grade
at LaMOure.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Mrs. Carl Platou and her sister, Mrs.
Davies. passed through Valley City on
Thursday, on their way to Fargo. Mrs.
Davies will take the train at Fargo
for her home in New York City,
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Miss Adeline Levin, of Park River.
was in town Friday, on her way to
Bowdon, where she will teach the
sixth and seventh grades this year.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Valley City, N. D., Aug. 9, 1917.
Board met pursuant TO adjournment.
All members present except Commits
siOner Lee.
On motion duly seconded and car
ried the following bills were audited
and allowed:
Mrs. Anna Sather, mothers
pension ..,.....S 4O. %
Mrs. Marie Johnson, mothers
pension 10 W
Mrs. Thea C. A. Nelson, moth
er's pension ............. Is. 90
Mrs. Marie Nelson mothers
pension ......... :. <. 80. 90
Mrs. Eliza McClahin, mothers sss
! pension. Z. 4 40: 90
Mrs. Turine Thorstensen, moth
-efs pension -. 80. w.
Mrs. A. Bourbonnais, mothers
pension ..e ~. w
Mrs. Title Hanson, mothers
pension ...a......... 10: w
Mrs. Minnie Nelson, mothers
peuSlOu IV.VU,
Mrs. Jennie Hougen, mothers
pension l5.UO
Mrs Myrtle Robinson, moth
er's pension ~.............. Is. 90
Mrs. Sarah McTavish, mothers
pension 5000
Mrs. Anna Jothen, mothers
pension ............. ...... 1900
Mrs. Susan w. Hickman, moth
ers pension .............. 2O. w
Mrs. Emma Peterson, mothers
pension 1870
Helen Sullivan, expenses, lee.
lures, industrial contest
1915 500
Agricultural Extension Depart
men, better farming work
in county for August 1880. 201.62
o. A. Barton, mileage field
deputy superintendent of
schools for August $500. 56.50
NJ C. James, cash advanced
for desk, table and shelving 1920
North Dakota Independent Tel
ephone Co., telephone rent. rs. 90
North Dakota Independent Tel
ephone Co., toll calls $3.50. 21.1
E. P. Getchell, county printing $500
James Kelly, sheriff, cash ad-
vanced for telegram .... 10
James Kelly, sheriff, boarding
prisoners for August :. 80. 1877 90
e. R. Squibb & Sons, supplies
for county hospital ........ 1886
c. w. Nelson, county auditor,
postage, freight and regis
tered letters .... 1898
Geo. D. Barnard e Co., tax
lists and supplies ......... 169. so
F. w. Heidel, supplies .. 61.83
Thompson Yards Inc, coal
court house, Jail and hospi-
tai ......... ......... 1874. so
Peoples Fuel Co., fuel, court
house, Jail and hospital 49,. 421. so
N. o. Holberg, coroner's in
quest, James j. Degran -. 171Oi
N. O. Holberg, coroner's in
quest, S. G. Simenson .. rs. 90
James Kelly, sheriff, sheriff's
fees and mileage ...... ISL 20
Myhro, Aldahl Mercantile Co.,
supplies for janitor .... 2.3O
Flora Hardware, supplies for
court house ............... 2.75
Bowen & Hollinshead, draying 4.25
Fred Ewell, labor on court
yard s.75
M. r. Canning, cash advanced 8.45I
North Dakota Independent Tel
ephOne rent and toll calls
county hospital ...... $751;
City Of Valley City, light and
water ...... 2.S4
c. 0. Parsons, maple syrup for
county hospital .... IS. so
Farmers Cooperative Elevator
Co., feed for county stock. 13. 20
Dakota Drug Co., supplies for
county hospital ....... 3.25
Mark A Smith Feed Co., feed
for county stock ....... IL so
John D. Gray Co., groceries for
county hospital ............ 80.
Stern Bros, fruit for county
hospital ................. S.79i
Tom Delaney, assisting coun-
ty surveyor ................ LIS
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Miss Esther Norgaard, of Kathryn
is a guest of the Misses Palma and
Marguerite Fenstad.
The weekly times-record. (Valley City, N.D.) 1912-1922, 1917-09-13

Times Record want ads bring results
New Iberia enterprise and independent observer., 1917-03-31

III various speeches made during
the closing hours, declared the
convention just closed the best in
the history OF the order.
The results of the election was
as follows:
Grand Guardian, Amelia Smith.
Algiers.
Grand Advisor, Hettie Wray.
JonesbOro.
Grand Clerk, Ida D. Schwartz,
kentwood.
Grand Banker, Cecil Williams,
Shreveport.
Grand Chaplain, Carrie Curtis,
Donaldsonville.
Attendant Versie Slocum, Lake
Charles.
Grand Assistant, Emma Ford,
Shreveport.
Grand Inner Sentinel, Ellen
Lemon. Patterson.
Grand Outer Sentinel. A.
Wheel-ahan, New Orleans.
Board of Manae ers-Elmire
Davis, New IBERIA; Mary Bou-
ligny, Abbeville; A. Morvant.
Thibodaux; Nellie Bergeron,
Lockport; Effie Meredith, Monroe.
Supreme iDelegate-Mary Cas-
tleberry, Minden; Elmire Vaeth,
New Orleans.
Organist-Amelia Scherer, New
Orleans. sst
New Iberia enterprise and independent observer., 1917-03-31

Half the JOY of life comes from
getting good out Of things as we
go along. Some of us are al
ways putting off our enjoyments.
After a while we expect to take
a rest, see a friend, read a book.
But after while never comes
the good time we are looking for
ward to lies as far away as ever.
All our life is spent in moaning
to over take it and enjoy it.
Meanwhile we toll, drudge, and
grow old, passing by with un-
selfish eye the happiness we
might get out Of every day
Avoyelles Enterprise.
New Iberia enterprise and independent observer., 1917-03-31

Head Waterman, 7. T. Ortego
Vile Patte.
Head Sentry, W. C. Wood
Oakdale.
Head Auditors, E. A. Barrios
Lock kpOrt; w. a. Morrow. Marks.
vile; L. R. Powers, A. C. Rey-
maud, New Orleans; j. c. Wilkin-
son. Baton Rouge.
Sovereign Camp Delegates: W.
c. .Braden. Lake Charles; LEVEL
c. Butler, Shreveport; E. S. Full
ton, New Iberia; w. S. Lafargue,
Thibodaux; w. M. Lyles, Lees
vile; Thos. Nettlers, Coushatta
Chas. Rolling, Hammond; J. O.
Strother, Alexandria, O. III.
Thompson. Marion.
The Convention of Grand
Grove Camp, a branch Of the
Woodmen Order. known as the
Women's Circle also held an in
teresting session Of three days at
their headquarters in the home of
Cypress Camp No. i34. There
must have been fully two hun
dred. and probably more enthus-
iastic members present and from
what we learn the sessions were
harmonious and afforded much
enjoyment and pleasure to all
who came to New iberia to enjoy
the meeting. Several dozen can
didates were also initiated by the
well drilled degree team. Judee
L. 0. Hacker who had been Sc
ected to deliver an address of
welcome was introduced hv the
chairman Of the entertainment ,
committee at the opening Of the |
Meeting and delivered an inter
,sting talk on brotherlv love,
lrging ali present to follow the
beautiful rituals Of the Order. ex-
PRESSING at the same time his de-
light in having them select New
IBERIA as their meeting place.
The Grand Guardian, Amelia
smith made a response on behalf
f the Circle. Rev. J. M. Lang
ois of st. Peters Catholic church
hen delivered the Invocation
fter which the regular proceed
ngs Of the Circle was taken up
nd the session continued daily
ntil the final election of officers
which was completed on Thurs
av night near midnight.
Mrs. Jos. Davis who has acted
S grand advisor during the con
ention, was the recipient Of an
immense basket of flowers by the
'cal circle. Both head camp and
rand circle, by resolutions and
New Iberia enterprise and independent observer., 1917-03-31

GArs O, o.Ie. Orr o. TolsDo,
kvcAS COUNT. -.
yAAHK J. o9RaSY makes cath thot ~ n ...Lcv
ArAr q ~ ArA Of y. j. ozDsnY 4 o., 1eIns
oeoo = ~ 0ty sf 1eisAs. county aai oNeus
eieGAA anA that anid Arn VIII p.y ths suu Il
VI nV141BD DOLLARS fer sasA and svsry
80 0AAAna tAat aAAst bs cured ~ IT, m AZ
Y1AMK J. CuRNEY
evs0 - esfees - aAl saosssfbsA n NJ preesn csj
~ ~ eay Of DsssAsss. 4. D.. 1853.
...} s.:s:' s4's: 's::.. :
Ae4S Aalh csss tAhsa hasslAiN 80 ass
eAeeeoy 9po ~ Asel aAl nsseus AusSasss Of ~
svs>> Aal ~ ses1lnlnlA Ass
,. J. 0H1N1Y 4 CO.. TssAs q.
~ bY ~ Dsuaolsea ~
Take Hans 1AnAy Hoss fer ssasuossloa.
(Advertisement.)
New Iberia enterprise and independent observer., 1917-03-31
The Woodmen Convention 4 Big Success.
Every Delegate Left New Iberia
Impressed With The Hospitality
OF Our Good Citizens.
GROVE CAMP, THE WOMtk'S CIRCLE
ALSO HAD INTERESTING SESSIONS,

tlons for future officers com
menced in earnest. This was fol
lowed later by the initiation O.
several hundred candidates into
the mysteries Of the Order by /
Degree Team from Lake Charles
The State officers VINO presided
so ably over the Convention were
Gen. a. B. Booth, New Orleans; l.
t. Butler, Shreveport; G. A. Con
molly, Jennings; B. L. Price, Alex.
andria; J. B. Freeland, Baton
Rouge; T. B. Sellers, Robeline; 7
7. Ortega, Vile Platte. Board
of Managers-L. r. Powers,
Monroe; E. A. Barrios, Lockport
O. II. Thompson, Marion; J. K
Dyer, Baton Rouge; C. II. Ortte,
New Orleans. Delegates to Soy
ereign Camp-A. F. Babin, New
Orleans: A. B. Booth, New Or
leans; J. c. Casey, New Orleans
Nettles, Coushatta.
An interesting sight on Wed
nesday was the parade headed by
the New iberia Brass Band, fol
lowed by the Degree Team of
Lake Charles all arrayed in uni
forms. Each Camp was headed
by lovely banner which made
the sight one that will long be
remembered by every one .wha
witnessed the pageant and the
line of march was taken to the
Pacific Depot vhn'o
thew all embarked on special
train to visit the Island. return
inc about seven o'clock the same
afternoon.
During the morning session of
Wednesday the subjoined resolu-
tons were spread upon the min
ties Of the State Camp and then
wired to President Wilson:
"Forty thousand, one hundred
md fifteen Woodmen of the World
# Louisiana, in convention as
embed, Loyalty tender their sup
,ort and service to you in defense |
f our flag and country.
L. p. BUTLER,
Head Consul"
Probably the most interesting !
eport was that made by Head
,onsul L. P. Butler. In his re- /
'ort Consul Butler showed that
n two years the sovereign lodge
f the United States had gained
900 members; that the gross
ssets Of the Woodmen was in ex-
ess of $82, 100000; that the ben
fit certificates in force in Louisi-
ma were $45 100000 and that the
otal Louisiana membership had
assed the 10000 mark.
Louisiana now being fourth in
membership in the Union, both
ate and national finances were
lown by Head Consul Butler to
g in fourishing condition. i
Included in Consul Buffers
atement was that Of the Wo- ]
ems Circle. The statement (
lowed that under the able lead
ship of Head Guardian Mrs.
melia Smith, of Algiers. and her
ster officers the circle had
aimed in the year 1912 members,
Ie circle now having an enroll
ent of 0071.
On Thursday the greater Dor
on Of the dav was consumed by
e officials who had charge of
e election and the State officials
Id delegates to the National
which convenes at
tlanta, Ca, at a later date. The
suits were as follows:
Head Consul, G. A. Connolly,
innings.
Head Avisor, George Droz, Ba-
n Rouge.
L
Head Banker, T. B. Sellers,
,beline.
Head Clerk, B. L. Price. Alexan-
ia.
Head Esort, W. A. Kirkpatrick,
est Monroe. I
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1917-01-24
ADMIRAL DEWEY AT REST
Body Reposes in Historic Arlington
Where Rest Thousands of War
Heroes.

Washington, Jan. %. - George
Dewey, the admiral of the navy, has
been laid to rest. His body rests in
historic Arlington where repOse thou
sands of the heroes of the war be-
tween the states, where Dewey re-
ceived his first baptism of fire, and
of the Spanish-American conflict in
which he earned undying fame.
In the General Miles mausOleum, I'M
der the great oaks on the sloping hills
of the south side of the National GENE
terry, overlooking the city of Wash
ington, the mahogany casket contain
ing all that was mortal of the dead
hero was laid to rest with all of the
honorS due to his exalted rank. And,
as the doors finally were closed, a
company of midshipmen from the Ma
val Academy at Annapolis fired the
final volleys of farewell and the silver
tones of the bugles of the band sound
ed taps on the career of the father
of the modern navy of the United
States and probably its most loved
commander.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1917-01-24
GERMAN RAIDER OUT
BRITISH ADMIRALTY ADMITS
LOSS OF EIGHT SHIPS.
Survivors Reach Pernambuco and
Give Details of the Sea Row
ers' Exploits

Buenos Aires, Jan. ia German
raider, believed to, be the protected
Cruiser Vinex, has sunk ten merchant
steamers and two French schooners in
the South Atlantic, according to dis
patches received here from Pernam-
1cuO and Rio de Janeiro, detailing the
landing of survivors at Pernambuco.
One additional message from Rio de-
clared that the raider had sunk still
another British ship-without warning
causing the loss Of 400 persons.
According to information received
at Rio de Janeiro from a British OIL
cial source, seven vessels in the Allan
tic have been sunk and none captured
by German raiding vessel.
The Brazilian minister of marine has
made formal request for report from
Pernambuco, but as yet has not re-
ceived a reply.
First news of the raider came in dis
patches from Pernambuco detailing the
landing there by the Japanese steamer
Hudson Maru of sailors from i've
steamers sunk by the Teutonic COM
merce destroyer 30 miles off Pernam-
buco. The ships which fell victim
were said to have included the British
steamers Dramatist and Radnorshlre,
the latter bound from Bahia to Hayre
and London, and other French and al
lied merchantmen.
A subsequent message reported the
sinking of English and French mer-
chantmen off the Brazilian coast, in
Guiding the Voltaire"
London, Jan. Height British and
two French merchant vessels are be-
Iieved to have been sunk by German
raider.
The steamships st. Theodore and
Yarrowdale were captured.
The ships sunk by the German raid
er are: British-Dramatist, RadnOr-
shire, Minieh, Netherbyhall Mount
Temple, King George, Georgia and Vol
taire. French-Nantes and Ashieres.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1917-01-24
TEACHER AND MUSICIAN SLAIN
j. M. Couch of Oklahoma City Charged
With Double Murder--Spurned
by Woman.

Oklahoma City, Okla. Jan. 90
Charged with shooting and killing Miss
Nellie M. Dunn, a teacher in the
Wheeler school building on Thursday
afternoon and suspected of later
shooting to death Rowland D. Will
liams, vocal teacher holding a position
in the same building In which Miss
Dunn was employed, John M. Couch
surrendered to Deputy United States
Marshal Stallings at Guthrie, Okla,
where he was lodged in the federal
Jail.
While a warrant has been issued
charging Couch with the murder of
Miss Dunn, the police believe he also
killed Williams. 1t is believed Couch
killed the girl and then lay in wait in
the building until Williams came by.
Couch was a brother-in-law OF Miss
Dunn. Mrs. Mary Couch, wife of the
accused, said Couch had for several
years attempted to force his attentions
on her sister, but that Miss Dunn
Stunned him.
Williams had taught music in the
schools of Fort Worth, Little Rock and
Memphis.
The Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1912-1917, 1917-01-24
PLOT TO STAY WILSON
QUOTES ARTICLES
FROM ANARCHIST PAPER
Purpose Club Known as "BIasters"
Was to Stop Preparedness in
the u. S.

San Francisco, Jan. 20.-President
Wilson's life was threatened by an
anarchist organization known as 1.-The
Blasters," of which Thomas j. Mooney,
on trial here for bomb murders, was a
leader with Alexander Berkman, as
siStant District Attorney Edward A.
Cunha charged here on Thursday.
Beginning his address Cunha out
lined the history of the bomb explosion
here last July in which ten persons lost
their lives.
i will prove" said Cunha, out of
court, prior to opening argument in the
Mooney trial, that Mooney and Berk-
man belonged to an organization
known as The Blasters.' The purpose
OF the organization was to Overturn the
government and stop preparedness at
any cost"
Cunha quoted an article in Berk-
mans paper, the Blast:
I'VE want to warn the weathercock
in the White House that it may not
prove safe. Suppression of the voice
- N'O\OhLCOL lCUuS " dSSdSSlldllOlls
wide Russia" read the article writ
ten March 4, 1916 in protest Of alleged
federal suppression of free speech in
Chicago and New York.
L will connect Mooney with this
conspiracy by letters in his own
writing and by c"ticles he wrote in
the Blast. [ will show that they
planned to create a prejudice against
and to betray the American Fedora
ton of Labor
Il will show that before the parade
Mooney declared preparedness must
be thrown back into the teeth of it's
advocates Mooney declared that if
the government had a large army the
revolution would be nipped in the
bud"