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The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05
POLITICS IN UNITED STATES

The presidential election and the
campaign which preceded 1t occupied
large part of the attention of the
people of the United States through
out the year 1916. June 8, the Wom-
ans party was originated and opened
Its first convention In Chicago. Two
days later both the Republican and
Progressive national conventions open
ed in Chicago. June 10, former Presi-
dent Theodore Roosevelt was nomi-
mated for president by the Progressives
and Charles Evans Hughes, associate
justice of the United States Supreme
court and former governor of New
York, was nominated by the Republi-
cans. The Republicans nominated
Charles w. Fairbanks of Indiana for
vice president and the Progressives
named John NJ. Parker of Louisiana as
Roosevelt's running mate. June I6,
the Democratic national convention
convened In st. Louis and the follow
ing day President Wilson and Vice
President Marshall were renominated
without opposition. June %. Colonel
Roosevelt declined the Progressive
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05

nomination and the majority Of the
members of the Progressive national
committee, meeting in Chicago, en-
dorsed the candidacy Of Mr.. Hughes
The election on November was
one of the most unusual ever held In
the United States, the result not being
definitely known until three days af-
ter the election, when the final count In
California gave the ID electoral votes
of that state to President Wilson and
gave him victory. President Wilson
won ZIG votes In the electoral college
and Mr.. Hughes 255. The vote cast in
the election was larger by several mill
lion than any ever cast before In tbs
United States, President Wilson re-
ceiving plurality Of about 100000 In
the popular vote. The great increase
In the size of the vote was due partly
to the fact that women voted for presi.
dent in this election in 10 states.
-Four more states voted to adopt
statewide prohibition In this election.
They were Michigan, Montana, Ne
braska and South Dakota. The Demo-
Gratis retained control of the United
States senate, but as a result Of the
close election. neither Of the two ma
jor parties has a majority In the low
er house Of the next congress. The
balance Of power is held by Eve mem
bers not elected as members OF either
party-I Socialist, Progressive, 1
Prohibitionist Protectionist ana /
independent,
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05

November 8, a large party of !. W,
w. members from Seattle engaged In
a battle with sherlff's posse at Ever
EFT, Wash. Seven men were killed dur
Ing the fighting.
November %, Judge Hook of the
United States district court at Kansas
City, Mo-, held the Adamson eight-hour
law unconstitutional and an agreement
was reached between the representa-
lives Of the government and Of the rail-
roads for an appeal to the United
States Supreme court in an effort to
obtain a final decision on the validity
OF the law as soon as possible.
The year was one OF great prosperity
In all manufacturing and agricultural
industries. Foreign trade of the Uni
ted States, as shown by reports of the
department of commerce, reached a
total of 81, 100000 In the year end
ing November /, an increase of 81, $780,
100000 over 1915. and $500, O0O. 900
over 1914.
The total wheat yield Of the United
States In 1915 was only 547,000,000
bushels, as compared with 1,011. 100000
bushels in 1915 and at the same time
there was almost proportiopate fall
Ing on in all other grain crops. While
the crops decreased enormously In
quantity. they also increased enor-
mously in price. The value of 10 staple
crops, as based on the November es-
innate Of the department of agricul-
ture, was $7,099,33S031, as compared
with the estimated value on November
l, 1915, of the same crops of that year
OF ,9S3,306,S17. The aggregate value
of all farm products, including live
stock, was estimated at SIC, 000, O00. 900,
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05
MEXICO AND UNITED STATES

The relations of the United States
with Mexico became more strained
during 1916 than at any previous time
during the years of civil war that fol-
lowed the retirement Of President Por-
firio Diaz. They approached crisis
early In the year when, on January 10,
nineteen men, nearly all of them
Americans, were taken from a train
near Chihuahua and killed by band
of bandits.
Conditions became still more tense
when, on March 8. several hundred
bandits led by villa raided and burned
the town of Columbus, N. NJ, killing
nine American civilians and eight Uni
ted States soldiers. March 10. Presi-
dent Wilson ordered 5000 United
States troops into Mexico to catch
villa.
General Carranza, head of the de
facto government In Mexico, began
soon to display antagonism toward the
American expedition and on March IL
he issued orders forbldding American
troops from entering Mexican towns.
He also refused to grant permission
for the American forces to use the
Mexican railroads for the transporta.
ton Of supplies.
April IL, detachment of United
States troops was attacked by Carran-
"a troops and citizens of Parral. Two
Americans and 40 Mexicans were XIII.
ed in the encounter. The following dAy
Carranza demanded the withdrawal of
the American troops from Mexico, but
his demand was ignored. The pursuit
OF Villa came to standstill, however,
because of the hostility OF Carranza.
May 81, General Carranza again de-
manded the withdrawal Of the United
States troops from Mexico on peril Of
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05

sent identical notes to the entente al.
lies through the United States, Spain
and Switzerland. proposing that the
belligerents arrange conference for
the discussion of peace terms The
notes were transmitted to the allied
governments by President Wilson with
out comment. The peace proposals
were received coldly. Premier BRAND,
In the French house Of deputies, is
sued warning against premature
peace, and the Russian duma, accord
ing to announcement made December
10, passed resolution favoring a re-
fusal on the part of the allied govern
ments to enter into any peace nego-
tiations whatever under present con-
ditions.
AS II In answer to the peace pro-
posals, the French In the Verdun sec
tor delivered a crushing attack on the
German forces December Is, winning
IL square miles of territory north of
Verdun and driving the Germans back
close to the line from which they start
ed their great offensive against Yer
dun In February. General Nivelle,
who directed this attack, had been a
few days before placed in supreme
command of the French armies In the
west, succeeding General Joffre, who
was made commander In chief of the
French armies, but with little more
than advisory powers.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05
WAR AND THE UNITED STATES

Diplomatic difficulties growing out
of the war in Europe continued Ia
confront the United States govern
ment throughout the past year. The
submarine controversy with Germany
which had been more or less acute
since the sinking of the Lusitania, was
intensified March 2, when the British
Channel steamer Sussex and the Brit
ish steamer Engllshman, both of which
carried Americans, were torpedoed
and sunk without warning. This oc-
Cured about two weeks after congress,
at the urging of the president had re-
fused to adopt resolution warning
Americans to remain off armed mer-
chant ships of the belligerents. The
german government at first denied any
responsibility for the attack on the
Sussex, and on April IS President VIII
son addressed note which amounted
practically to an ultimatum to the Ger
man government. In this note the pres
ldent declared that unless Germany
Immediately declared and effected an
abandonment of its methods of sub
marine warfare against passenger and
freight-carrying vessels, the United
States could "have no choice but to
sever diplomatic relations with the
German empire altogether" Ger
many's reply to this note, received In
Washington May 8, promised compll-
ance in the future with the laws of
warfare In its submarine operations.
supplementary note from Berlin, re-
celved May 10. admitted that the Sus-
sex was torpedoed, expressed regret,
offered indemnity and declared that
the submarine commander had been
punished. No further serious contro-
versy occurred with Germany until
after the sinking of the Marina, with
Americans aboard, October %. 1t was
charged that the vessel was torpedoed
without warning. After an investiga-
ton Germany assumed responsibility
for the sinking of the boat, declaring
that the captain of the submarine
thought the Marina an armed trans
port.
An interchange of notes between the
United States and the entente govern
ments, regarding the seizure and exam
nation of American mails, was produc-
tive of little result. In several com
munications Great Britain and France
insisted upon their rights to examine
neutral mails, but on October ~ they
made some slight concessions, promis-
ing to improve the mail service be-
tween America and neutral countries
blacklist against American firms
and individuals, charged with dealing
with Germany, which was published
by Great Britain July Is. and by
France August 6, brought emphatic
protests from the United States gov
eminent, but on November IA Great
Britain formally rejected the American
protests, declaring that the blacklist
was not aimed at neutrals.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05

recourse to arms" and followed this
up on June 16 with definite threat OF
attack unless the troops were with
drawn northward. The following day
re-enforcements were rushed to the
United States troops in Mexico and
within q short time the expeditionary
force aggregated about $4,000 men.
June is, the war department ordered
all the state militia modified and with
In the next two weeks $4,000 Of the
state soldiers had been rushed to the
border.
A detachment of American troops
was attacked by Carranza troops at
Carrizal, June 81, and twelve Ameri-
cans were killed and II captured.
A short time later Carranza aban-
doned his hostile attitude and In a
conciliatory note to President Wilson
suggested the appointment of joint
commission to settle the dispute be-
tween the two countries. July %,
President Wilson accepted this pro-
posal.
President Wilson named Secretary
Of the Interior Lane, Judge George
Gray and DR.. ]. r. Mott as members of
the American commission on August
% and on September 6. the joint COM
mission began its sessions at New Lon
don, Conn. The sessions continued I'M
til November "a, when protocol was
signed providing for the withdrawal
Of the United States troops from Mex
leo In 40 days, conditional upon the
Carranza government showing within
that time that 1t could protect the bor-
der and prevent raids by bandits upon
American territory.
Two days before the signing of this
protocol. villa, at the head of strong
force. attacked Chihuahua City and af-
ter battle lasting several days he
captured that city.
Carranza forces regained control of
Chihuahua City December 8 and Villas
forces fed to the mountains west of
that city, where they were later re-
ported to be gathering new recruits
in preparation for more extensive
operations.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05
POLITICS IN OTHER LANDS

The Sim Fein revolt In Ireland, the
establishment Of revolutionary gov
eminent In Greece. the proclamation
of Poland as an Independent nation by
Its Teutonic conquerors and the res
toration of the republic in China, con-
stituted the most important develop
ments of political nature in coun-
tries outside of the United States In
1915.
An official mandate, issued March
Y, announced the abandonment of the
Chinese monarchy and the restoration
Of the republic which had been dis
placed by the monarchy during the lat
ter part of 1915. Yuan Shl Kai an
nounced his rejection of the emperor
ship and resumed the presidency of
the republic. June 6, Yuan Shl Kai
died suddenly and Yuan Ii Hung be-
came president.
The Sim Fein rebellion In Ireland
was precipitated on April Is, when Sir
Roger Easement, former consular Off
Ger of the United Kingdom, was cap
tured while attempting to land in Ire
land from Germany and a German
ship loaded with arms to be used In
an Irish uprising was sunk while at
tempting to land the arms. April "a,
the Sim Fein rebels seized parts of
Dublin and serious fighting in the
streets followed. The revolt spread
and on April ~ martial law was de-
clared over the entire island. April
%, loyal troops took st. Stephens
green In Dublin from the rebels, cap
turing 400 of them, and the following
day, Peter Pearse, president of the
Irish Republic" surrendered. The
next day the main body of the reb-
els surrendered. May 3, Pearse, Thomas
]. Clark and Thomas McDonagh, lead
ers Of the revolt, were executed In the
Tower of London, after being found
guilty of sedition at a military trial.
Ten other leaders of the rebels were
executed during the next, few days.
June 20, Sir Roger Easement was
placed on trial for treason In London.
He was convicted and sentenced to
death June 20 and the sentence was
executed by hanging In Pentonville
prison, August 8. Following the Sim
Fein revolt, an effort was made by the
government to bring about compro-
mise which would result In the grant
ing of home rule to Ireland at once,
but the effort was fruitless.
The revolutionary movement In
Greece, which resulted in the forma-
ton Of provisional government by
former Premier venizelos. grew out of
the refusal of King Constantine to
be drawn into the war on the side of
the entente allies. September Fl, the
island Of Crete seeded from Greece,
and on September %. Former Premier
Venizelos and Admiral Cound0uriotis
issued a proclamation declaring the
establishment of a provisional govern
ment for Greece.
The independence Of Poland, which
had been wrested from Russia by Teu-
tonic arms, was proclaimed by Ger
many and Austria, November 8.
The death of Franz Josef, emperor
of Austria Hungary, which occurred
November 81, was expected In some
quarters to be productive Of events
of far-reaching Importance from po-
Iiticai viewpoint in the dual monarchy.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05
THE LAWMAKERS

Congress was In session continuous
Iy from January 4, when it reassem-
bled after the Christmas holidays, un-
til September 8. Early in the session
hot fight developed over the Phil
ippine bill passed by the house. The
senate adopted the Clarke amendment
providing for the granting of full In
dependence to the Philippines within
from two to four years. May l, the
house rejected the Clarke amendment
and on August 16 the senate accepted
compromise pledglng independence
to the Philippines when the Filipinos
are ct for self-government.
February 2. the house passed q bill
prohibiting child labor In the manu-
facture of products for interstate COM
merce, and late in the session the bill
was passed by the senate and signed
by the president. February Is, the
senate ratified the Haitian treaty, pro.
viding for American supervision of
the finances and police regulation of
the republic.
Legislation providing for Arke in
creases In the strength of the army
and navy received much attention.
The navy appropriation bill. as finally
passed, provided for the building OF
157 ships during the next three years.
The army bill, as passed. carried ap-
preparations of sSl3.970.447 for the en-
suing fiscal year, an increase OF sls1.-
667.091 over the amount carried bv
the bill as 1t first passed the house.
Copyright. ls1e. by the McClur. Nswzn.-
per syndicate.l
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1917-01-05
DISASTERS ON LAND AND SEA

Thousands Of lives were lost during
the year by the sinking of merchant
vessels and warships as a result Of
their being torpedoed by submarines
or blown up by mines. The greatest
loes of life In accidents or attacks
of this kind occurred February 20.
when the French cruiser Provence
was sunk in the Mediterranean sea,
and 3,130 persons were drowned.
April %, more than 1000 lives were
lost in collision between Chinese
cruiser and transport.
February 2, the Japanese liner
DaiJin was sunk in collision and 100
lives were lost.
February 8, the French cruiser
Admiral Charnier was torpedoed and
sunk with a loss of 374 lives. February
l6, nine persons were killed when the
opera house at Mexia, Tex, was de-
stroyed by fire. February 20, great
snowslides in the Salzburg alps killed
nearly 100 persons. February %, ten
persons were killed in a triple col.
hslon on the New York, New Haven
& Hartford railroad, near Bridgeport,
Conn. February 20, an explosion In
mine at Kempton, W. Va, killed 10
men.
March 5, the Spanish steamer Prin.
cipe de Asturias struck a rock and
sank or the coast Of Brazil, with a
loss of 300 lives.
March %, 20 persons were killed
and many were injured in a collision
on the New York Central railroad
near Cleveland, o.
April 10, Kansas and Missouri were
swept by tornadoes which killed II
persons. June 5. tornadoes killed 81
persons in Arkansas and 40 In other
middle western states. May s. the
steamer Kirby sank In Lake Superior
and 20 lives were lost. May Is, an
explosion in the Du Pont powder plant
at Gibbstown, N. j., killed IS men,
Hundreds of fishermen were lost in
monsoon off the Ceylon coast,
July 20. July "a, % men were killed
by an explosion of gas in water tun
mel at Cleveland. o. A trolley wreck
at Johnstown, Pa, took toll Of Is
lives. August IL, August 20. the Unit
ed States cruiser Memphis was
wrecked by storm In the harhor at
Santo Domingo and II lives were lost
Twenty-seven men were killed Sep.
TENDER IL, when the central span of
great bridge being built over the st
Lawrence river at Quebec, col.
lapsed and fell. September Is.
great dam near Hannwald, Bohemia,
burst and 300 persons were drowned
A fire In the Christian Brothers col
lege at st. Louis, Mo-, killed nine men.
October 8, and 10 persons lost their
lives In q fire which destroyed a hos
pital at Farnham, Que, October 26.
November 8, the steamers Connemara
and Retriever were sunk by collision
In the Irish sea and 90 were lost. On
November z, 90 lives were lost when
a Boston 81" car plunged of a bridge.
An explosion at Bakaritza. Russia,
November p. resulted In the death Of
341 persons.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1917-10-17
NIrESBURG READY FOR
BLUE AND GRAY "NETS"

Nickshurg, Miss, Oct If. Formal
notification was sent 10 Secretary Of
War Baker today by Col. w. ID. New
bill, l.. S. A., officer in charge Of the
camp grounds in the N!cksburg nation
al military park, that arrangnments
we're complete for caring for 12,0o0
veterans expected to attend the ma
tiOnal memorial reunion Of the Bic
end Gray here October i6 to 10 inrin-
sYc. Arrangements also have been
made 10 care for 10000 visitors, II was
announced
General H. H. Whitney arrived to-
day from Camp Shelby and prepared
to assume his duties as commanding
officer of The camp during the rc.rion
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1917-10-17
Plant Some Glover This Fall.

The average Southern farmer needs
moro money. There are children to be
fed, clothed educated: now and need
cd buildings TO be built; labor saving
implements TO be BOUGHT: purc-brcd
livestock to take the place Of the
scrubs. These arc all things to which
very worthy farmer should aspire, but
his aspirations will be vain unless
there is sufficient net income There
must be moro net cash income per
farm worker. and this must come out
Of tho soil. There's no other way for
the farmer to gct it,
THAT We may wrcst this wealth from
the soil il is necessary that we first
make ii rich soil. There has never
been a permanently prosperous people
farming poor land and there never
| will be; and the best authorities in all
the agricultural world agree that the
quickest, cheapest and best of all ways
to enrich our lands is by using the lc-
gnmcs--pcas, beans and clovers.
Just now We wish especially to urge
! that cvcry farmer, from east Texas
eastward TO Virginia and north to
| Missouri and Kentucky, plant crimson
clover this fall We stress crimson
clover particularly, because VIC are
| certain that as a crop to grow on cul-
| tivatcd nclds for plowing under Grim
son clover is the greatest Of them all.
/ II is particularly valuable because
nj is 4 winter and early spring crop,
ready 10 plow undcr in April as corn
Fertilizer; because ii draws down from
lihc air from 80 TO - pounds Of nitro
gen per acre worth from $l2 to $40;
because il furnishes large supplies OF
humus, the greatest insurance against
drOnth We know, and probably the one
single greatest need of Southern soils
and. finally, because it covers the nal1.
fields in winter, saving them from
tho washing and teaching rains.
We ask no farmer to rush pcll-mcl
into clover planting the first year. Try
tho crop out on a small scale, an acre
or so. at first Then if results an,
good and we believe they viii be, th,
? acreage can be increased until al
land TO go in corn IS planted to clov
er the fall bcforc.-The Progrcssiv
Farmer.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1917-10-17

cheap-fced-producing section knows
that there's big money in $12 and SIS
hogs, provided, always, we utilize the
advantages nature has given us and
depend on feeds other than corn III
other words, by having a good Ber-
muda and bur and white clover pas
turc, with adjoining patches Of pea
nuts, soy beans, velvet beans, chufas,
sweet potatoes and alfalfa to turn the
hogs on in turn, we can, by using some
corn to harden them, clay 1t all over
the Northern farmer when it comes to
producing cheap pork. This is not
theory, but fact-provcd by our cx-
pertinent stations and our best farm
crs.
With these facts in mind, we believe
one Of the best Investments we can
make this fall with some Of our sur
plus funds will be to buy few good
brood sows and go into hog-raising in
a modest way, letting it supplement
the other farm activities, rather than
supplant them. There's money in
hoes, and there will continue to be
money in them for the man who rails
cS and faitcns them on cheap home
grown feeds. The Progressive Farm
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1917-10-17

dcScrtcr was arrested here Monday
night in the EIollohon Mill village by
Sheriff Blcasc. Williams IS accused
Of descrting from camp at Fort Ogle-
thorpe July 20, this year. He was q
private in cavalry company. He is
young married man and his wife is
living here with her father. Williams
is from Laurens county. He was de-
livered to the provost marshal at
Camp Jackson Tuesday. Williams
came to Ncwbcrry Sunday night
Newberry Observer.