davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-04-08

before it is observed by the destroyer:
and even then. unless the range he
short, the chances of {. hit are slender
because. owing TO the shallow draught
of the surface boat, the projectile will
pass under its target, the torpedo being
set in the tube for a range not less
than twelve feet in depth.
OF course, shot from the deck gun of
tho submarine may be effective. but in a
gun duel the chances are all with tho sur
face boat. for it carries more guns and
can be much more easily maneuvered into
position. The destroyer, however has
little to fear except that it will fail to
discover It's enemy: and that enemy is
very elusive and adept at conceal
ment.
1t dives, according to its design or its
need, by q static a running dive. the
first by admitting water with rush into
its tanks. thereby causing the craft TO
settle down in it's tracks with more haste
than safety: the other by admitting less
water, shutting off tho surface engines
Evening star., 1917-04-08

ton \ second time they might be sue
cessfui. but they would to q certainty finu
the ubiquitous destroyer or the motor
patrol boat on the watch for their at-
pearance and this time, on sight of the
periscope. there would be welcome from
the mouth of 4 four-inch gun.
DeStroyerS are only Il small part OF
harbor defense against uuder-sea boats
Mines. nets. armed motor boats, power
boats and devices unpublished will be
found in readiness for any such visitors
~ have not had the foresight TO secure
comfortable quarters in advance in some
quiet little spot of their own selection
within one OF the great harborS
No one outside of Germany knows eA-
actly the size and speed of their latest
and sWifteSt undersea boats. Some re
ports are that they have a surface speed
of twenty-siX knots and that they are so
stoutly built that they can descend SOC
feet below the surface. Both reports are
probably exaggerated. but beyond ques-
ton they are of considerable power and
Evening star., 1917-04-08

,nincumbered with families. He calls at
tention to upward Of 100000 able bodied
men between the ages of eighteen and
twenty-SiX who can he counted Oh to
furnish offeuse or defense at any point
until regular forces could be raised. He
recommended the cSpediency of modi-
fying the militia system by a separation
of the more active part from that which
is less so, that ii may be drawn from
in regular rotation.
In speaking of the necessity Of two
separate systems OF defense at New
orleans. he said: "One for the river and
the other for the lake--a canal leading
from the lake to be continued into the
river, so that armed vessels in both
stations could unite and meet in con-
junction an attack from either side.
Thus making half the aggregate force
have the same effect as the whole--or
the same force doube the effect of what
either can have"
TIE was of the opinion that well
disciplined militia was a reliance in
peace and for the first moments Of war,
with Washington. he believed that
militia should be used as reserve TO
improve any advantage, for which
purpose" Gen. Washington said, they
are the best fellows in the world. The
first President also believed that mill
tia should be the nursery to furnish the
regulars. Jefferson during his admin
Evening star., 1917-04-08
The HoId-Up.

~, REPRESENTATIVE HENRY FLOOD
~ apropos of 4 bill for arming mer-
chantmcn, said AT Il luncheon in Wash
ington:
restricted submarine campaign she'll
hold up meat, she'll hold UP cotton. she'll
hold up munitions, she'll hold up all
neutral maritime commerce
He smiled srimly.
But. maybe. instead Of all that" he
ended, Shell hold VI her hands
Evening star., 1917-04-08

rons, 10 attacking submarines. he
swift chaser unsupported is hardly a
match Tor the German submarine
cruiser. 1t is reported that n fleet of
1000 chasers and patrol boats will be
necessary to meet the situation which
may arise
Although not the object of its crea-
ton, the function oil destroyers now
most prominent is their efficacy against
the submarine. Without their presence
the great battle fleet of England would
be utterly unable to hold any position
from which the German submarine saw
fl to drive it. They cruise around and
about the fleet for many miles, and woe
betide any submarine whose pertscope
peeps above the surface. If the hull
under il appears, it is 4 target for the
pursuer's gunfire: if the destroyer is
near enough ii goes into 1t bows on as
hard as engine power will drive her.
There is but little time for the sub
TO return the fire and none to maneuVer
into position to send Il torpedo at the
oncoming destroyer.
All the advantage lies with the sur
face boat: ii carries more and heavier
guns, and. while it's construction is
light and it is filed with vulnerable
machinery. it is stanch
freighteT when compared with it's wa
ter-logged opponent, without facilities
for controlling the slightest l.ak-aud
Il leak means suffocation. The narrow
beam and light draughr Of the de-
torpedo under the most favorable con
ditions. and il the surface boat be run
ming at speed the chances OF a success
full shot are small mouse in a
mansion.
The oul, chance which the uidersea
l.,.s.t hoe !. ,y,t,
Evening star., 1917-04-08

rem into these rather than separate
from them
He lad no fear Of war. but rather &
dislike OF it. his policies being more
nearly Interpreted as peace, with pre-
pareduess. and the employment of the
limits OF diplomacy. before resorting TO
force. However, when SuCh emergency
arose he was of Shakespeare = counsel:
Beware of entrance to q quarrel, but
being in. bear't that the opposed may
beware of thee.
Friendship with the MohammedarI
powers of the Mediterranean had cost
the United states S2.00o. goo and iudie-
mites of the grosseSt kind. jefferson
was in favor of repclliug force by
force and. instead of paying tribute
and ransom he advocated sending Il
sufficient force to act in concert with
the other powers-if II could be ar
ranged. or alone If necessary. 1t was IN
17S7-9G. when the Barbary states were
exacting tribute from more than half
of the civilized world. when peace wit Il
these states was costing Great Britain
$3.50. 600 Il year besides presents. ana
France was paying Il tribute OF sloo,ucp
annually and presents every ten years
that jefferson was urging his govern
ment TO prepare to use force, going into
the course to be pursued with that in
finite attention TO details which charac-
tcrized every act of his life whether
public or private.
In his plans to open UP the Mediter-
ranean to the free commerce of the
United states and the world. he goes
into details as to the character OF the
vessels used by the Barbary states.
commenting that they are sharp built
and swift" but adds they are so light
as not TO stand the broadside OF q good
frigate. He says their guns are diff
ferent calibers. unskillfully pointed and
worked, and their vessels ill-maneuveT-
.d-crowded with men, one-thlrd Turks
and the rest Moors. He speaks of the
quality of American Seamen, exhibiting
perfect faith in their ability and en-
thusiasm for their patriotism. To
Edmund Randolph, jefferson writes,
Force is not the kind of opposition
the American people will permit
During the presidency of John Adams
in 1900, when the Dey of Algiers COM
PEELED Commodore cambridge to carry
Algerine dispatches to Constantinople,
and the pitiful spectacle was seen Of
an American man-of-war. George
Washington. sailing through the Oar
danelles with the pirate flag at the
mast head. JafTerson's Indignation knew
no bounds. He finally, by hard fighting,
diplomacy and a final ransom Of $50. 900,
won an honorable peace.
In 1907 the whole of the United
States was aroused over the case of the
Evening star., 1917-04-08
D@@troy@rs Are the Natural Enemies of Submarines

later date and unfit for service with
the fleet, but still of value on detached
duty, especially on river aud harbor
duty.
The destroyers are used for many
purposes, but chiefly for guard vessels;
TO attack submarines, and for attack,
especially at night, against the enemy's
capital ships. The night attack is the
most deadly thing imaginable If its
side has sea control between the fleets,
and for this reason the destroyer fio-
tilia should, as far Is possible, be kept
intact.
Evening star., 1917-04-08

In 1903 100000 was appropriated for
gunboats How iufinitesimal this seems
when one considers the $s5o.ooo.oo"
appropriated by the two sessions of the
.Sixty-fourth Congress for the nav
alone-the regular army increase
from an authorized peace strength ~
100. 600 to an authorized peace strength
OF 216.neo. capable of expansion in wa
time to 256.uoo These giant appropria
tions provoked no more discussion IU
the last Congress. than did the $4,000
in Jefferson's time.
Jefferson, with his agitation for a
serviceable and adequate navy and pre
paredness both on land and sea, was =
the opinion that the United States. WI
ats enormous length of coast line, mus
rely on its fleet to defend Its shor'
The consensus of military experts dur
ing similar discussions in Congress ~
the last few months is that this i
still the case now.
Peace. commerce ana honest FRIEND
ship with all nations. entangiing a
liances with none''-this was Jefferson s
pronouncemeut Of his foreign polio
in his first inaugural address. No
withstanding this, in letter to jam
Madison. August ~. 1sv5. he speaA.
OF alliance with England in ease o.
war with either France or Spain IN
the Louisiana boundary dispute.
w ME ne DtllFNtu anu
"the people, being the only safe dc
pository of power. should exercise 81.
person every function which the
Qualifications enable them to exercis,
consistently with the order and secur
ity of society" yet he did not heeitsia
in the Louisiana purchase to begi
negotiation and take it by force. 2
need be. without consulting Congres
Lord Bryce in his American ComMcr
wealth" says: This was the boldes :
step that a President Of the Unite
States has ever taken. The acQuls
tion of this territory added 1,17l,s"l
square miles, now fifteen states. to th,
Union.
Jefferson believed to the last tha
if the EN- bargo of 1907 had been faith
fully observed by the whole peopf
the country would have been saved
the war of 1872 and Napoleon
Bonaparte agreed with him.
Evening star., 1917-04-08


the other. who has more than once stoo'
against the powers of the world. tn
timeliness OF this study lies In its frontiilg
upon the future, in Its appraisal OF IN.
forces for civilization that are emoooie"
by Celtic peoples or by Teutonic IN III"
great struggle that is now in progress.
RUSSELL H. CONWELL AND HIS
WORK. By Agnes Rush Burr n
lustrated Philadelphia: The John
{. Winston Company.
This is a complete record of pubic
service. of the brand of public servic"
that counts the weli-being of all men
as ones best object Of pursuit. 1t is
rich story, one that is told in warn
sympathy and finely balanced conside' =
alton. Writer. preacher, lecturer.
philanthropist In general, DR.. conwe!l
repays study at large and satisfyin%
rate of return. The biographer here
follows the conventional course. begin
ming with the early years of Mr.. Con
Wells life and following, step by step.
the upward road of his career. Their
is a splendid variety in this caree'
and an equally splendid meeting OF 1t
many critical points-in the war. traV-
cling IN Europe. practicing law, prac-
ticine religion as a minister. reaching
out for broadly educative measures Tor
children and young people, putting the
love of people into all that he did and
thought during this KALEIDOSCOPE
course. The best of the story is that
through these multifarious doings
finely human being stands big and able.
The writer includes here the famous
lecture that DIR. Conwell has given hun
dreds of times, Acres of Diamonds
And one meets. along this Geographic
way, any number of people, besides Or,
conwell himself, of rare qualities-
Gladstone. Tennyson, Garibaldi, Whit
tier. Bryant. Henry Ward Beechcr.
John Brown. Frederick Douglass among
them. The whole is warming and Re
assuring story of genuine human big
ness and kindly power.
THE STINGY RECEIVER. BY Eleancr
Makc-Beiieve." etc. Illustrations by
Fanny Munsen New York: TIL
century Company.
Sick bed surroundings appear TO
stimulate Eleanor Hallowell Abbott 10
her best efforts Of gay and buoyart
story telling. This time II is a bed
ridden lady of inventive and capricious
rurn. VINO sets more things OF interett
and mischief adding than most Of
folks that hardly go to bed at all arr
able to do. young doctor, a charm
ing Scandinavian girl come to Amer
lea to study the art of being a Montes-
sori mother and the mere touch of =.
sick -abed lady from whom the amus
ing complications OF this situation
take their start. This is just another
one of the bright and sparkling little
stories with which this writer has al
ready won the hearts of many readers.
Evening star., 1917-04-08

The swift motor boats Will take over
tho duties Of the destroyers as far as
they can: but since most of them were
not designed for carrying torpedo tubes
they are limited to the performance of
patrol duty and, by cruising in squad
Evening star., 1917-04-08
khormas Jeffersons Foreign Policy and Preparedness

rEN III ,..lac-ous jefferson clubs
throughout the u-lited States
are ratiytas ~ force to the
q standards oc tlc great con
;uo,,sr. and Che keynote OF the speccnes
81 the celebrations, OF the 9th of the
present month. Of ;he 15!th anniversary
OF the birth o. Thomas Jefferson, viii
IH the forei-r policy &C the author o.
t1e Declaration. Of tndeper Gencs. and
.T,',st he might have dorc ia the pres
,.st crisis In the national situation.
The questions of preparedness il all
ranches OF the land and sea forces
we're - urgent in his day IS they are
Hov'-sru7ed neutrality. which he aG-
tocateG, as great a necessity 1t that
time. with the rights of American com
nlsrce on the seas threatened aGd the
lives OF American seamen wholly dis
lez2rdsd.
Evening star., 1917-04-08

iu his sEl.ga annual message. 90. Octo-
her -. lSoGs he voices In no undecided
terms hts policy OF neutrality when
be says: In the course Of this con-
diet let Il be our sndeavor. as It is
oar interest and desire, - cultivate
he friendship OF the beiljserent ua-
tiors by every act OF justice aT.d in
ressal.t kiudness'-and then ADDS. ''To
exact from every nation the observance
toward our vessels and citizens Of
hose principles and practices which
all civilized people acknowledge; to
merit the character Of Il lust nation
and maintain that OF au independent
one. prefe-ring every consequence to
insult and habitual wrong"
Again, in . letter to Robert living
Ston IN lsOl, he writes. The doctrine
hat The rights OF nations remaining
quietly under tine exercise of moral
md social duties are to give Hsv 10
he convenience OF those who prefer
numbering and numbering one another
Is a monstrous doctrine. and ought to
weld 10 the more rational law that the
wrongs which two nations endeavor TO
iniict on each other must not infringe
On the rights of conveniences of those
rernsin1ng a peace.
"hen Vice President of tn. United
States in 1897, Jefferson's indignation
was aroused at the course being pur-
sned and he wrote Edward Rutledge:
IheS tthe peace parity believe the
present is the last campaign of Europe
and wish to rub through this fragment
OF year as they have through the four
preceding ones opposing patience to
insult, and interest to honor. This
IS indeed. a most humiliatIng state OF
things. but il commenced in 1898.
causes have been adding 10 causes and
effects accumulating on effects frocl
that time to this. We had, in
1898. the most respectable character in
the universe. What the neutral nations
think OF us now, / know not; bat we
are low. indeed. with the beliigerents.
Their kicks and cuffs prove their con-
tempt. If we weather the present storm
/ hope we shall avail ourselves of the
calm of peace to place our foreign
connections under a new and different
arrangement. We must make the in
rerest of every nation stand surety for
their justice, and their own loss to fol-
low injury TO US, as effect follows
cause"
In the same year in which jefferson
wrote the above letter TO Rutledge. he
wrote to Eloridge Gerry: Much as 1
abhor war, and view it as the greatest
scourge of mankind and anxiously as
I wish TO keep out of the broils of
Europe, I would yet go with my breth-
Evening star., 1917-04-08

istration increased the regular army
by 5000 men, the militia TO 100000. AMI
spent on war equipments and coast de
fense $4,000. 900.
Evening star., 1917-04-08

The only chance which the uudersell
boat has IS that by stealth it MAY ma =
neuVer int" poeition for q tsSksdo shot
Evening star., 1917-04-08

HA~ ESTROYERS," says Franklin
OOu N D. Roosevelt, assistant
IL ~ secretary of the navy,
~ ARE the mos, effective
Evening star., 1917-04-08

nant practical Teuton on the one han
and of the dreaming undying Celt' U
the other, who has more than once stoo'
against the powers of the world. TIL
timeliness OF this study lies in its frontinf
upon the future, in its appraisal OF th'
forces for civilization that are embooie'
by Celtic peoples or by Teutonic in ih'
great struggle that is now in progress
Evening star., 1917-04-08

upon the future of individual and ma
tional life.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1917-08-15

Rev. c. A. Boyd Of Burlington.
state superintendent Of Sunday
schools, win speak Sunday at the
church.
Mr.. and Mrs. c. II. Atkins expect
to go 20 Cosey Bend, Lyndon. TO
spend the winter with Mr.. and Mrs.
Joshua Bemis.
Mrs Frank Parlin and daughter
and Robert Dean of Orleans, Miss
Myra Douglass Of Coventry and Miss
Florence Winget Of Irasburg have
occupied the Sweeney cottage in the
Lyon grove for the past week
mr.. and Mrs. c. A Aidrich. II. c.
Blake and daughter of Sutton. c. NJ.
Goodwin of Lawrence, Mass, visited
at John McLaughlin's recently. Mr.
Goodwin win remain with his mother
and sister, Mrs Goodwin and Mrs.
Mclaughlin, for q time.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1917-08-15

Mrs. A. H. Williams and daughter,
Gladys, have returned to their home
IN Burke.
Mrs. Ellen Nye of Boston Is spend
ing her vacation with her sister, Mrs
.. j. Mack
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. H. Currier were i'm
Newport Sunday to visit his sister,
who is very i'll
David Grapes and family OF Lyn-
donville were callers at Mrs. Sarah
Weeden's Sunday
Mrs. Martha Burrows, who has
been visiting her son IN Barton, has
returned home.
P. G. Stone is home from the Mary
Fletcher hospital. Burlington, much
improved IN health
DR.. Shaw, district superintendent,
viii conduct q union service at the NJ
Z. church Sunday evening.
There viii be a canning demonstra-
ton Thursday afternoon at 2 o'clock
in the town hall. All ladies are in
vited to be present.
Mrs. Mabel Adams. who has been
working for Mrs. Gilbert Dutton, has
returned TO her home and Miss Helen
Dutton has taken her place.
Charles Lathe was run into Mon
day morning by an automobile and
was quite badly hurt, receiving four
broken ribs and serious bruises.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1917-08-15
THE THREE CRAFTSBURYs

fantile paralysis. Mr.. and Mrs. Da-
vison were formerly residents of this
town.
NORTH CRAFTSBURY
Vernon Hardy is working for o. T.
Crowley.
Prof. CoIburn has returned to his
camp from Burlington
Mrs. Fred EstelPs sister from
Boston is visiting her.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank McGovern are
the parents of a son, Francis.
Royal Lyon of Hammond, H., is
visiting his many friends here.
Miss Vanderbilt of New Jersey is
a guest of Miss Paddocks at the Or
leans House.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Huntoon of
Lowell, Mass, are among the new ar
rivals at the hotel
Mr.. Charlton of Boston and sister,
Miss Charlton, OF Springfield, are
guests of Miss K. E. Randall.
The young men from Bridgeport,
Conn, who have been camping at
Lake Hosmer, broke camp Monday
and returned to their work.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1917-08-15
SOUTH ALBANY

O. III. Anderson had two heifers
killed By lightning recently.
Miss Name RoweIl of Boston is 3
guest of Mrs o. nj. Rowell.
Miss Nina Anderson was the guest
of Miss la Uric one day last week.
Miss Ida Niles OF Boston l. the
guest Of Mrs. A Graham this week.
Miss Amy Pickett of Boston Is
spending several weeks at O. Z.
Rowells.
Eugene Rowell of Woodbury. spent
Wednesday with his sister, Mrs =.
c. Williams.
Mr.. and Mrs. Guy Courser were in
West Glover Sunday, the guests Of
Mr.. and Mrs. VIII King.
Misses Laura and Norma Stone.
who have been visiting at J. G. Mar
Bloomington.
w. J. Graham of Auburndale.
Mass, motored here last week 70
spend his vacation with his mother,
Mrs. A. Graham.
Mrs. C. P. Hogan, wife of the late
Hon. G. P. Hogan, and her daughter,
Miss Minnie Hogan, Mr.. and Mrs.
George Hogan Of St. Adams were
recent guests of Mrs. Elmer Doug
lass.
The East and South branch of the
Red Cross viii hold an old home pic
mic social in w. F. Ames' grove on
Thursday, Aug. D. Addresses by
Rev. c. W Kelley of Irasburg, Rev.
W. A. Craig of Albany and others.
Albany Valley band will furnish
music for the occasion. Tables viii
be set, dinner served from u to 1
o'clock Ladies kindly asked to fur
nish some article of food. Dinner, %
cents for adults, ten cents for chill
dren. A hearty invitation is extend
ed TO all. Should the day be rainy
would repair to the church.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1917-08-15

THE IN DERST0NEn. having ncen A.
pointed ~ the Honorable Probate Court
TOR the District OF Orleans. COM NJ I9SION-
nktc, 10 receive. examine. and adjust the
claims and demands Of all persons against
the estate % Frceland IA. Foster late of
Barton In said district. deceased and All
claims exhibited In Offset thereto, here&v
Etve notice that we VIII meet for the porp6se
aforesaid. 1T tho Comstock Marked IN
the town OF Barton Ia eald silsfrict on
the nth day OF August and the eth day Of
January next. from one O'Clock ID. m
until nve O'Clock .. m on each OF said DAYS
and that SIX months from the 18th DAY %
July. A. II. 1917. Is the time limited Nv
said court for said creditors to present their
claims TO rs for exnmtnation and allow.
nnce.
Dated &C Barton this OH day OF August.
A. u. 1917.
y. A. HUNT
r. w. COMSTOCK
$40 Commissioners
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1917-08-15
Commissioners Notice
Estate Of Robert CalderDvooI

THE UNDERSIGNED having hao, -.
pointed by the Honorable Prohate - So ap-
for the District OF Orleans. CORNERSTONE
Ekscs 70 rcceiNe. examine. and adjust the
the estate or Robert Calderwood LATE ~
Crnftsoury IN said District, deceased. ana ali
Chains exhthitcd In offset thereto. bereb,-
give notice that we will meet for the r,,s
pose aforesaid at the house OF Hugh Calder
Wood IN the town OF Craftsbury I'm said dis
tkict on the slst day OF August and Sd dnv ~
snnuary next from one O'Clock y. m untfi
Lour 2 clock =. IN. on each OF said fiavs ANA
that six months from the Tth dav ~ INV A
~. 1917 u the time limited by said Court 'fNr
sala creditors TO present their claims to ia
Tor eNatnination and allowance.
rated ~ Craftshury this 18th day Of An
gust A. ID. 1917. w. "a <AU-
II. A. DUTTON
J. ROBERT PATTERSON
-" Commissioners
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1917-08-15
CRAFTSBURY


Mrs. C. H. Hartman left Monday
for her home In Albany. n. Y.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIII Clark of Hard
wick called on friends In town Satur-
day.
J. J. Gallagher was in town Satur-
day looking after electric light re-
pairs
Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert Spaulding
and two children have gone to their
home In Massachusetts,.
Florence Grieves from Massachu-
sets, a former Craftsbury resident,
called on friends here Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. C. H. Hanson and
Mrs Nellie Allen of Barton were at
tendants at the u. E. church Sunday.
Two junior Sunday school classes
united in serving ice cream and cake
on J. D. Leavitt's lawn Saturday eve
ming. Proceeds about SO.
The young ladies gave Florence
Buchanan a shower Friday evening
when she received many fine gifts and
a very pleasant time was enjoyed
The infant son of Mr.. and Mrs
Amory Dawson of Waterbury was
reported Saturday to be iii with in