davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-02-27
LOCAL a4O w. F. N.

LOCAL 24O w. F. M.
 The regular meeting of the Nome Mine workers Union, Local No. $40. of the W. F. of M., Is held every Saturday evening at p. m. at Miners Hall. Office hours p. m. to 6 D. m., z p. m. to 8 p. m.
 ANDREW BECA, President.
 JOHN A. WILSON. Sec.-Treas. |.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-02-27

CARPENTERS AND JOINERS.
 Local Union l7S9, Carpenters ana Soiners of America, meets every Fri- day at Al Orland's shop Front ss.
 Carpenters Headquarters. Feder- al Labor Hall. at 8 p. m.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-02-27
ORGANIZED LABOR.

WESTERN FEDERATION; OF
 MINERS. Headquarters sos Railroad Build eng, Denver, Colorado. GHAS.'MOYER, ERNEST MILLS, president. Eec.-Treas.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-02-27

FEDERAL LABOR UNION. No. 12631, American Federation of Labor, meets every Monday ct g:3O D. m. in the F. l.. D. Hall.
 B. H. ANDERSON. Pres.
 LENS OLSEN, Sec'y.-Treas.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
By Thomas jefferson Johns.

The new county of Wheatand,
which celebrated it's creation recent
Nv. contains about 1900 square miles
of territory in the very heart OF Mon
tana. 1t is almost entirely an agrl-
cultural and stock growing country,
and it's estimated assessed valuation
has been placed at $4,000, ooo,
starting with more wealth than any
county previously created in the
state.
Seven years ago the first winter
wheat was grown in what is now
Wheatland county In fact, prior to
that time there was very little agri-
culture in this section. The success
of the original effort has had a splen-
did effect on the development Of ag-
riculture and thousands Of acres are
being titled, and more being put I'M
der cultivation every year. In the
course of 10 years it's assessed valua-
ton should reach $25, 100000.
AS an index to the development
there are fully $50 tractor blowing
outfits operating in the new country,
and this development has brought in
to being a number of robust towns.
How Harlowton Started.
Harlowton is the county seat. 1t
got it's first good start with the COM
pletion of the Jaw Bone railroad, and
was named after Richard Harlow,
the man who built and equipped a
railroad almost on 'jaw bone" 9th
err towns of Importance are Two Dot,
Judith Gap, Hedgesvidlle, Shawmut,
Nihill and Okla. All Of these towns
are centers of fine agricultural dis
tricts, and Two Dot is reputed to be
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
NO MISUNDERSTANDING
ABOUT IT, ANYWAY!

Jake DeHart, state game warden,
was stopping at a hotel at Havre
some years ago.
After the fashion of Montana no
tells in the old days, the walls were
not soundproof, and loud talking in
any bedroom could be heard the
length of the corridor.
Jake went to bed, very weary,
about midnight. About 4:15 a. m.
he was awakened by a violent knock
ing at his door.
"What's the matter?" Jake called
out, sleepily.
care youse the gintlemen that
wanted to be called for that O'Clock
train" shouted a voice with a strong
Irish brogue.
"No I'm not" replied Jake.
The voice went to the next door
and repeated the query. The man in
the next room stated with a lot OF
emphasis that he was not the man
Then the next room was Intercepted
by the rich Irish brogue, and choler
| ic person therein threatened to throw
| the voice and its owner out OF the
window. But the inquirer was per
sistent and went right down the line
until he had the whole hotel awake
and swearing.
Finally, down toward the end o
the hallway, he found the right man
"All right said the man who wanted
to catch the o'clock train, "Ill bt
down in minute.'
"You needn't" replied the Hibern
ian. Il just wanted to tell yez tina
the train wint through 20 minute!
ago."
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
NEW COUNTY HEART OF STATE

crates extensive machine shops which
give employment to a large number
of skilled workmen.
Judith Gap is also the center of a
fine district, and has railroad connec-
tons with both the Milwaukee and
Great Northern railways. 1t takes
it's name from the early explorers,
and was christened Judith Gap be-
cause of the fact that it was the open
highway between the Belt and Snowy
ranges of mountains, into the Judith
Basin.
Two Dot is situated in one Of the
most picturesque spots in the state.
Forty years ago "TwO Dot Wilson,
one of the famous early day cattle
men of the state had his home ranch
there. His brand consisted of two
dots. and from this circumstance the
town was named. AS indicating its
Importance, 115 young men of fight
ing age registered on the selective
CONSUMPTION lists of Uncle Sam re-
Gently, the whole county having a
listed strength of 772.
Many Settlers Come.
During the past seven weeks over
1900 land buyers have visited
Wheatland county, and the majority
of them have invested in Wheatland
acreage Several large cattle ranches
have been taken over by land COM
panies and cut up into small farms
and the exploitation of this land has
brought land buyers here with a
rush.
The estimated population of Wheat
land county is 1000, although the
spring immigration has increased
| this figure considerably.
The county began ITS existence
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
without a dollar Of indebtedness, an

without a dollar Of Indebtedness, and
had cash and road building equip
ment amounting to about $4,000.
AS indicating the way the county is
developing the first big outlay Of the
new board of commissioners will be
for highway Improvement. About
500. 900 will be spent in road work
this year.
Harlowton has high school that
has attracted the attention Of edu-
Gators all over the country.
Wool Contracted For.
While the grazing ranges have
been reduced by the inroads of the
homesteader there yet remains an I'M
mense quantity Of cattle in the new
county and thousands of head OF
sheep. The Wheatland wool clip has
been contracted at prices varying
from SO to 81 cents per pound while
all the beef produced will command
enormous prices, We have number
of ranchmen who are making a spe-
cialty of high grade cattle and have
gone into breeding extensively, a vo-
cation that will grow with the state
and is certain to be very profitable.
The Montana Flour Mills company
had it's start in fIarloWtOn, when ii
constructed it's first mill III this town.
It's success brought about the con
struction of it's second big plant at
Lewistown and its monster mill i'll
Great Falls, one of the largest mills
in the state The company also is in
terested in about 40 elevators in east
ern Montana.
Drilling for Oil.
Petroleum engineers have passed
favorably ON local structure as in
dicating the presence of petroleum
and natural gas in this section, ant
two strong companies have beer
! formed for the exploitation of this
structure. One of the concerns is
drilling eight miles south of Two Dot
and has reached depth of 700 feet
with excellent indications. The other
concern will drill IL miles southeast
of Harlowton.
| So the youngest county in the state
salutes her older sisters, content in
| the knowledge that she is we'll re-
sourced and abundantly able to work
out her destiny Formerly the home
of the sheep and cattle baron, she
has thousands of broad acres undo,
under with the next few years The
time is not far distant when her pop
ulation will reach 100000. There is
elbow room here for thousands anC
prosperity for all who are willing tt
work. Wheatland county is a goo(
place in which to live.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29

the central point of the best beef
producing section of Montana.
Harlowton takes on added import
ance because of the fact that it is the
eastern end of the electrification OF
the Milwaukee railroad, an expert
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29

ment which has proven very success
full and has attracted the attention
of all railroads operating through
the mountains. 1t is both freight
and passenger division point, is the
terminus of the Lewistown and Great
Falls branch, while the railroad OPP
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
Eleyating the Stage.

eve have done all in our power TO
elevate the stage haven't we? de-
manded the Theatrical Magnate.
I'm what way?' asked the Crltlc.
"Well, we have raised the price OF
admission to our attractions, haven
we?" replied the Theatrical Magnate'
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29

FAIRS PNEUMONIA MIXTURE.
FOR THE RELIEF Of coughs apd colds
bronchitis, hoarseness. loss of voice AND
affections of the throat aud lungs. Prict
zoe at your druggists.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
PORTABLE GRAIN BINS.

, O Il T \ Il l. L BINS, Il
\ i. !. !: !. ::
made of 2iaNS-inch - a
plankS, set up or
take down in 80 min "a
utcs: holds 700 to Il
400 bushels: money, IL 3
time, labor saved. tf f
Write Levcrich Il ~ [.
nenckcr. distribute
ors Great Fails. Montana.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
VETERINARY HOSPITAL

DIR. j. II. KNON. G01 Second avenue So,
Great Falls Montana.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
FUi8S.

FURS repaired remodeled. refined, stored
and insured. Summer furs. Rich@rd (
lioenrk successor to A. Rauh Largest
fur store west Of minneapolis. Butte
Montana
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
AGENTS WANTED.

CLEANER-AGENTS sci!
Autoluster. Cleans and polishes auto Tor
sin cents. without water Demonstration
sells it. Liberal commission. Montana
Sales Co., Great Falls. Montana.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
NiULTIGRAPHING.

FORM LETTERS a speciality. Complete
mailing list of Cascade county. Dicta-
phone work. General stenography Null
tgraph shoop. 10 Ford building, Great
Falls. Montana.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29

STATE AND U, s. LAND. booklet free
Maps, bargains Write Joseph Clark, Sac
ramcntO. Cal.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
Classified

MAKE A TRACTOR of your Ford, $lG5
Phone 1856, Tractor Attachment Co. Bo1
1911. l13 End Ave. s.. Great Fails. Mont
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
TO TRADE.

NICKEL. IN SLOT player piano for sale,
Cheap, or trade for Ford car. Sterling
Land Co., Great Falls, Mont.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29

FIVE-ROOM BUNGALOW, fully modern.
rents for $500 per month, and some va
cant lots to trade for land for merchan-
disc Sewer Land Co., 151a Third st. s.,
Grpat Falls, Montana.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29
SURVEYORS.

~><~\~~><~><>|><> ~>~><>~>|-| \>>|N<>~
ROBERT III. LINDSAY, Jr., civil and min
ing engineer. U. $. mineral surveyor,
First Nat Bank bldg. Great Falls Mont.
The Ronan pioneer. [volume] (Ronan, Mont.) 1910-1970, 1917-06-29

WANTED-FARML LANDS.
| AM LOOKING for n 800 acre farm, good
pillow land, at the right price. Write, CIV,
ing fun description and lowest price ana
terms Il. Stern, Box 1881 Great rails
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13
RICHMOND, VA, SUNDAY, MAY 10, 1917.

Of Christ now in session in Washing
ton were introduced by Mrs. r. II.
Potts and adopted.
Mrs. Emmie Binns Wingfield made
an earnest appeal for the conserva-
ton of the age of innocence by en-
couraging the presentation of moving
pictures which are suitable for the
unsullied minds of youth. The as
ISOLATION endorsed this movement.
Engagement Announced.
. Mrs. Charles Weisiger announces
the engag sment of her daughter,
Lucy Rives, to Paul Whitestinc Or
chard. of krcadia, Fla. The marriage
will take place very quietly on the
morning OF June in the home of the
bride, 1902 Floyd avenue.
Leave For New Orleans.
Mrs William c. James, president
of the Woman's Missionary Union
convention; Mrs. william Ellyson
Mrs. j. j. Wicker. Mrs Julian 2.
Thomas. Mrs. J. NJ Cammack, Mrs.
W. A. jackson. Miss Alta Foster and
Miss sadie Dabney will attend the
convention in New Orleans this week.
At the Woman's Club.
A musicale Is programmed for Mon
day afternoon at 4:30 o'clock in tho
Woman's club auditorium. Mrs.
Alexander Il. Guigon Is chairman.
Mrs Watson James. violinlst: Mrs.
Frances West Reinhardt, soprano
soloist, and James Wombie, accom-
PIANIST, will entertain the club menu
bers, All are welI-known musicians
who have weH-AiEA favor wherever
they have been heard.
Hostesses for the afternoon are,
Mesdames Duane. Thomas Carey
Johnston, r. Fl. Halves, George Ran
dolph Cannon, r. c. Stcarnes, George
Davis. Thomas MurrelL Robert Fitz-
Gerald, Arthur Scrivenor. Jennings c.
Wise. Bernard Robb, Misses Marian
Ryland Jean Trigg, Claire TinsIey,
Mary Shaw.
At the Art Club
Miss Alice Cutie. instructor in
handfcraft at Westbrook sanitarIum,
Will speak on *Handieraf" at the
Art Club Of Richmond Tuesday at
30 O'Clock. Among the different
branches of handicraft Miss Guffie
will discuss VIII be metal leather
reed. raffia work. beadWork. needle
work and the art OF weaving The
speaker is a graduate Of the Jniver-
sity of Chicago and Columbia, and
her talk should be OF unusual inter
est. Tea will be served following
the lecture
/ In the near future a treat is in
store for the members. when Frank
Alvah Parsons, president OF the New
York School of Applied Art. will lee
i Continued on second~Page)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13
DIR. Grallam,s Lecture.

Crippled Children was the theme
|of the interesting address delivered by
DIR. w. T. Graham before large and
appreciative audience. composed of
for Social Service, in Centenary
church last Friday afternoon. The
lecture was illustrated by lantern
slides. In which DR.. Graham was ably
assisted by Mr.. H. c. Johnson, of the
~. NJ. G. "A. Mrs. X. T.. Michaels,
president of the association, present
ed the speaker and told of the free
l.clinio esta blished by DIR. Graham,
which is doing much marvellous work
The lecturer gave unstinted praise to
the efficient cooperation of the /. v.
/ n. A. and the nurses of the state board
of health. In speaking of congenital
/ hip diseases, tuberculosis of the bones
and infantile paralysis. he stated that
a vast majority of the cases could be
cured II taken in time. Fourteen
months after the disappearance of all
pain Is the minimum time in which
a child should walk and upon the
parents rests the responsibility per-
manent disability IL in their mis-
guided love for the child they remove
the artificial support and allow the
free use of the limbs too soon. He
spoke of Professor LorenZ, who was
known as the bloodless surgeon, and
told of the manner of transplanting
the muscles. showing the wonderful
success which has attended this meth
cd by pictures of deformed children
restored to health. Interesting views
of the hospitals for crippled children
near Boston were given, including the
baseball team composed of boys who
had been deformed from accident or
disease. Fresh afr and sleeping out
OF doors in all weather was strongly
urged by DIR. Graham and he deplored
the fact that the little crippleS OF
Richmond have not been provide
with some place where they can get
the fresh air treatment. At present
the Sheitering Arms hospital liz the
only institution where crippled chill
dren can remain as long as necessary
Is limited. Fully aroused to the needs
of the helpless little victims of in,an-
tile paralysis and kindred ailments.
the Association of Methodist Women
for. Social Service hopes to establish
"A pavilion or annex to some institu-
ton where these little patients may
have the benefit of sunshine and fresh
air, while being treated and to this
end the association will do all in its
power to further such a movement
in our community.
Preceding the lecture the devotion
al exercises were conducted BY Mrs
Roscoe White, whose key word was
ministry.
Resolutions endorsing the MESA &c
from the Federal Council of Churches
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13
rRIEDA BlEKEDTTH DIETZ, Editor.
Telephone Madison 1923.

day evening at 80 o'clock with Miss
Mary Carter Anderson, in the Col
legiate School for Girls, 1893 West
Franklin street.
or National Interest.
Rear Admiral and Mrs. Robert e.
Peary on Wednesday announced the
engagement of their daughter. Miss
Marie Ahmighito Peary. to Edward
Stafford son OF Justice Wendell +.
Stafford. of the supreme court of the
District of Columbia and Mrs. Stafford
at a luncheon at their residence in
Wyoming avenue, Washington. at
which fifty guests were present.
The rooms and table were heauti-
fully decorated with spring flowers
from the peary summer home in
Maine and Richmond roses.
Miss Peary. who was born In
Greenland during one of her father s
exploring tours has made "A great
many trips to the far North since then
and is known to the Eskimos as the
SNOW baby"
She made her debut In Washing
ton a few years ago and since then
has taken n prominent part In social
life.
Mr.. Stafford is one of the assistant
corporation counseiors of the dis
. trict
No date has been set for the we'd
ding as Mr. Stafford expects to leave
shortly for duty at one OF the reserve
officers camps,
Rear Admiral and Mrs. Peary,
with their family. are planning TO
leave Washington at an early date
for their summer home in Maine.
Saunders-SIaridorfe
Mr.. and Mrs. James j. Spandorfer,
of Norfolk announce the marriage OF
their daughter Ida. TO Edward Saun-
ders, son OF Mrs. Nonnie Saunders
and the late Harry A. Saunders. The
marriage took place on Thursday al
tcrnoon. May 10, In Richmond. the
/ ceremony being performed by Rev. l.
Marcus The only attendants were
Mrs Philip p TAYLOR. Of Norfolk. sis
ter Of the groom. and Reuben f Span
dorfer. Of the University OF Virginia,
brother Of the bride. who was best
man
! Mr. and Mrs Saunders left after
the ceremony for "A Northern tip.
ard on their return will reside III Nor
folk
Engagement Announced.
Mr. and Mrs Leopold Haas, of Bal
timore. announce the engagement o!
their daughter. Carrie. 10 Charles W
Kahn. Of Richmond
Mrs. l.. l.. Lsoewner, who has been
visiting friends In this city. has re-
turned TO stanton.
Miss Pearl Miller. of Lynchburg. Is
i'm Richmond with her sister in law,
Mrs. lander Miller.
Miss Henrietta Tucker. daughter OF
thA ftgn anil sfrs Harry 81. George
Tucker. of Lexington, has had as her
recent guest, Miss Mary Stuart Rob
, ertson. Of stanton.
Mrs A NJ. Richardson. of Lynch
burg, is the guest Of friends in this
city.
Mrs, Malbon Richardson. OF Upper
VILE Va. is the guest of Mr.. and Mrs
William A. Stewart. Jr., in Baltimore,
for the wedding OF Miss Sadly Beverley
Carter stewart and ". X. Irwin Fleni-
ing. which took place yesterday morn
{ tag
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13

The eighteenth commencement or
the Richmond School OF Expression
will be celebrated i'll the auditorium
of the jefferson hotel on Tuesday
evening, May II. beginning at $50
o'clock. A short program will be rem
dered, followed by dancing until mid
night Diplomas win be delivered by
Rev. chas. +. Hannigan to Mrs. Z
M Harris and Miss Ruth Miles. who
have completed the double graduate
course. Those taking part in the ex-
ercises are Misses Gertrude Ebel. Ma
RTE Ehei. Villa Johns. Helen Simms.
Mamie Dennis. Thelma keene, Roma
Harris, Garnett Dickinson, Ruth Miles
and Mrs. E. NJ. Harris. Orchestral
music will be rendered throughout
the evening.
Speaker From Boston.
Mrs. Emma Holland, of Boston. ma
tional w. c. T. T.. lecturer, will speak
at Monument Methodist church. Tues
day afternoon At o'clock. at the the
meeting OF the Frances Willard w. G..
It. L. All members and others in
terested are cordially invited to hear
Mrs. Holland.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13

Continued on Second~Page.)
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13

Mrs. Malbon Richardson, OF Upper
willie. Va. is the guest of Mr. and Mrs
William A. Stewart, Jr., in Baltimore,
for the wedding OF Miss Sadly Beverley
Carter stewart and W. II. Irwin Fleni-
ing, which took place yesterday morn
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13

Mrs. A. NJ Richardson. Of Lynch
burg, is the guest of friends in this
rfFN
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13
Engagement Announced.

Miss Henrietta Tucker. daughter OF
taA Hgl. ami sfrs Harry 81. George
Tucker. of Lexington. has had as her
recent guest, Miss Mary Stuart Rob-
ertsou. Of stanton.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1917-05-13

kWHFUOdSNN .vfVNL-
The Scrihbiers will meet wednes
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-01-24

assertions he said it was doubtful
whether confscated liquor found its
wav into the sewer at the station
house. This was an asperslon which
bs should be able to prove, as it was
reflection upon officials who enjoy
the confidence of the people.
We prefer to believe that the
words used by this useful and act
tive city father were not intended
to be taken seriously. The present
force is endeavoring to render satls-
faction to the people they serve, and
the fact that but few cases are be5
fore the police court at present is
the best evidence that they are doing
their duty.
Alexandria IS twice as large as it
was this time two years ago, and the
members of the police force are now
compelled to patrol a large area, as
far as Braddock on the northwest
and Roberts Lane on the west, while
their beats also take in the north
shore of Hunting Creek.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-01-24
POLICEMEN AND FIREMEN.

The action of the Common Coun-
Gil last night in adopting, by unan-
imous vote, the report of the commit
tee recommending increases in the
pay of the officers and mmbers of the
porce force, as well as the paid mem
beers of the fire department, will be
affirmed by practically all taxpayers.
Under the present rules, it was neces-
sary to lay the report over by the
Aldermen, but the members OF that
board will undoubtedly vote to con-
cur in the action of the lower board.
While the report was being con-
sidered IN the lower board one mem
Der of that Body expressed his in
dividual opinion that the number of
policemen should be, reduced one-half.
az salsnsEass critical Sof those whose
ealing 1T is to protect the lives ! and
property$of theS people Of the COM
nnnlty, as well as to enforce laws
of the STATE and city. Among other
a.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1917-01-24
ANOTHER ADMoNITIoN.

During the session of the Common
COUNCIL last night attention was
called to those who tempt providence
every time an alarm Of fire is sounded
in this city by speeding automobiles
through the streets, otter in the
night The Gazette has several
times called afternoon to such acts
of recklessness, but the warning has
not been needed. 1t should be ap-
parent to those who take their lives
in Their own hands tina. sooner or
later a frightful accident may result
It is a common occurrence for an au-
tomobile to "get away from re
d,,ver-that is, it becomes unmana-
geable and plunges into crowds when
some are killed or seriously inquired.
In this connection it may be fore
casted that serious accident is sure
to occur to our new auto engine,
which generally makes railroad time
through the streets when called out.
This machine is also likely to become
unmanageable, and woe be to those
who may be on the apparatus at the
time. 1t too, might make a break
into a crowd. Apart from loss OF
life and limb, the engine would be
wrecked Or seriously damaged. I'm
der safe speed it would take but
few minutes for this valuable adjunct
to reach fire in any section of the
city, and many people fail to see the
necessity for running 1T through the
streets at such a dangerous speed.
We make these suggestions in a
kindly spirit, realizing as we do the
noble services of the paid and volun-
teer members of the fire department
who are ever ready to respond to
emergencies, but We do not want to
see any of them hurt, though we
thus speak.