davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1917-10-01
COMMUNITY RECREATION
FOR CAMPS EXPLAINED
Report of Victor R. Manning, Field
Secretary in Charge, Shows What
Will Be Done for Troops.

Community recreation for soldiers
and sailors in camp in training for the
new American Army, and the manner
in which it is to be carried on, is eH-
planned in report made public by
Raymond B. Fosdick, chairman of the
War and Navy departments commits
sion to training camp activities. The
-eport was made to Mr. Fosdick by
Victor Z. Manning, one of the held
secretaries of the Playground and Rec
reation Association of America,
through whose experience provision Is
being made for furnishing recreation
for the men in uniform at the eighty
or more camps.
Three dollars for each soldier and
sailor-a total of S3.75o, o,0O0-is to be
raised for this purpose. A national
committee. on which prominent men
and women are serving. has been
named by Secretary Baker to conduct
the campaign for the war camp COM
munity recreation fund.
Mr.. Manning shows the relation OF
the war camp community recreation
fund to the work which is being done
inside the camps by such agencies as
the Young Mems Christian Association
and in the exclusion of vice and vicious
resorts from the camp neighborhood.
He shows also how the Playground
and Recreation Association of Amer
ica through work done by its repre-
sentatives, already has demonstrated
the need of building up all sorts of
recreation and amusement for estab-
fishing camp and community on the
best basis
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Hard to Effect Economies.

Economies can be effected in three fields
he says in another statement. BY people
eating less. by elimination of waste and
by using foodstuffs to the greatest nutri-
tive advantage. In dealing with the world
situation it is stated:
There is a decrease of 100 900 900 in
the worlds meat-producing animals Cat
tie have decreased by 100000 sheep
by 5O,OO0.0o0 ard pigs by 30 600. 900"
The worst form of profiteering" is
defined as 1.-The Intervention of the un-
necessary middleman." Forms of appli-
cation for the sugar cards now are be-
ing distributed. These forms must be
filled by householders. with a list of
members of the family and other in
formation. and each card must be taken
to tradesmen when buying sugar The
grocer's supply of sugar will be regu-
lated in accord with the number of per-
sons who have registered with him. Re-
taiIers may be prosecuted for supply
ing too much sugar to holders of cards,
or for refusing to supply them ade-
quately.
Comfort for Americans who are dis
turbed by the increase in prices here
may be found in the statement that
the percentage of increase in retail
food prices in the United Kingdom on
August ]. 1917. was 1917 per cent as
compared with normal prices on the
outbreak of the war;
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Plans for Making Amusement.

Mr.. Manning's report explains that the
community work is of two broad types
that of large cities and that of small
communities. He says that "one of the
great problems is how to provide
recreation in the city of small size" and
points to one western camp of 10000
men, located near a town of less than
5000 At this place the war camp COM
munity recreation fund committee plans
to spend over $4,000. in clubs and audi
toriums needed for the entertainment of
soldiers in the nearby community. The
report shows what has bsen done at the
Newport (R ID naval training station.
The aim in every community, the re-
port says, is to make the soldier or
sailor acquainted with families or in
diyiduals who will be his friends. Ac-
tiyities for entertaining the men in
clude auto rides. Sunday dinners, ath-
letic and field events. dances, entertain
ments at clubs. theaters and moving
picture houses, the permission to use
swimming pools in clubs, of billiard and
poolroom and other club facilities-in
fact, to provide for the enlisted men
every form of recreation which the
civilian enjoys.
I'm giving themselves to the boys in
uniform, Mr.. Manning says, in con-
cluding his report. "citizens and cities
are finding their own souls and. after
the war. new spirit of citizenship will
prevail
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Introduction of Nine Pence Loaf

In connection with the Introduction
of-eAe nine-pence loaf Ga loaf of four
pounds to sell at pence, or IS cents),
September IT. provision is made for fix
ing of maximum retail prices for all
kinds of bread and -four, fixing of
wholesale prices for -four. the control
of -four factors and granting compen-
sation to holders of existing stocks
A copy of an address made by Lord
Rhondda before the central chamber of
commerce outlines an interesting policy
which looks to the decrease of prices of
meats in order to reduce herds in con-
junction with a gradual increase of the
price OF wheat, to encourage grain raising
Other information in possession of the
food administration of the United States
shows these contrasting price scales
The sliding scale of maxirlum prices to
be paid for live cattle was announced
as follows: September. s17.76 per 100
pounds: October. SIZES: November and
December, sl6.Os. and January. s14.4O
In contrast with this decreasing scale
is the following price list to be paid
for quarter" or 5o4 pounds of wheat:
Before December. s17.74: December and
January, s17.9s; February and March.
s1S2o: April and May, S1S52. and from
June on $1S.76.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
COSSACKS NOTED
LIBERTY
Russian CIansmen Regarded
as Having Some Characteris-
tics of American Cowboys.
LOYAL, BUT INDEPENDENT

The recent threat to arrest Gen. Kale-
dimes, leader of the Don Cossacks,
charged with supporting Gen. Korni-
loft, brings to the attention of the
American people one Of the most inter
esting peoples of the Russian republic.
The Cossacks, of whom the Don Cos
sacks, living along the Don river. are
highly representative. constitute the
"frontiersmen" of Russia.
These people are to Russia what the
Cowboys" were to the United States.
Allowing for the manifest differences of
the two great countries-differenc in
growth. peoples. customs, etc.-Cos-
sacks and the American "cowpunchers"
are brothers in spirit, If not in blood.
The prominent part now being played
by the Cossacks in Russian history is
strictly in line with their characteris-
ties as the original lovers of liberty.
the greatest believers in freedom and
equality. of all the many races of the
great Muscovite kingdom.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Enumeration of Offenses.

Among these cases are the following:
More than sixty persons of all class
es have been fined in sums ranging
from Els to Fl for having obtained pre-
serving sugar by false declarations.
"At Kilmarnock, Robert Riddet. farmer.
was fined f5 for having in his possession
two hundredweight of sugar
''At the Thames police court Alfred De-
wilson. baker. was fined f25 for selling
new bread
"Viscount Falmouth was summoned at
Mailing police court for a breach of the
horse tioning order. The case was that
three of Lord Falmouths carriage horses
had been given small quantity of oats.
The court imposed a penalty of guineas"
"At Bow street the proprietors of the
| Temple Bar restaurant We're fined f2 on
| each of two summonses. with costs, for
! using more meat than allowed by the pub
| ic meals order.
| In predatory explanation Lord
| Rhondda says
My policy. broadly stated is to fix the
prices OF those articles of prime necessity
over the supply of which l can obtain ef-
| fective control at all stages from the pro-
ducer down to the retailer Such prices
| will, far possible, be fixed on the
principle Of allowing d reasonable pre-
war profit to those engaged in the produc-
| ton and distribution of the particular
( commodity.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Tea Shortage Announced.

Perhaps the saddest news for Eng
lishmen is contained in the announcement
of a shortage in the tea supply, and
habitues of the afternoon tea are ad-
dressed as follows: Although there is
no present cause for alarm concerning
supplies the food controller would urge
that it Is most desirable that all posi-
BILE economy should be exercised in the
use of tea"
In respect to rationing of horses it is
stated: I'm view of the director of re-
mounts to be provided with a reserve
of riding horses in condition. the horses
of hunt stats have been granted a
modified ration until the beginning of
the hunting season proper. In accord
ance with the cabinet decision to allow
resumption of racing, licenses have
been issued to about 40 trainers who
have made applications"
Effort is being made to encourage the
use of potatoes. and various recipes for
utilizing potatoes are given.
A place of prominence is given the
statement of policy for food control in
] this country made by Herbert c. Hoover.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Trained Workers Employed.

THE community organization work, y
says the report. which is that of in
terpreting the adjacent community to
the boys in camp and of interpreting
the life of the soldier to the citizens,
is to be done by the Playground and
Recreation Association of America
through its trained workers expert
enced in this field What this service
means is explained by one of these
community organizers, Ira W. Jayne of
Detroit, as follows:
THE object in each community is
much the same-to convince the citi-
zens that this boy in uniform is still a
human being. that he has been uproot-
ed suddenly from his native soil. strip
ped of everylsocial prop and safeguard
his family ties. his friends, his
church. his neighborhood, his fraternal
groups. his business connections and
the influence of women of his kind, and
! 50 suddenly transplanted without their
| gates; that they should become inter
| ested in him as an individual. as per
| son. helping him to re-establish those
social connections with this community y
upon which he was accustomed to de-
| pend at home: that he should be
neither patronized nor exploited; that
| he civilian yesterday. as they
still are. and that he will, let us hope,
return to his home a civilian tomor-
| row"
Mr. Manning reports that in each city
| near a camp, social and recrcational
| forces will be brought together in one
! conmittee-represen of churches
| clubs, lodges, schools, colleges, recrea-
! ton centers. parks. moving picture
/ agencies women's agencies-in fact
| every force for good in the community
| that car be used in working for the
! highest welfare of the enlisted men. A
| census will show the mems church pref =
| erence, trade or profession, of what so
| cietiss they are members, what their
! special interests in dSamatics, athletics,
| music or other amusements recrea-
tion may be. and what other special in
terest they have.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Fierce Riders in Both Kingdoms.

Both the kingdoms made use of the
fierce riders of the steppes to protect
their frontiers. In those days the Cos
sacks of the Nolga and Don rivers pro-
fessed allegiance to the Tsar of Mus
covy, while those of the Dnieper rec
But in neither case, 1t is said, did the
Cossacks pay any too much attention
to the meaning of the term ''alle-
glance" Their love of independence
equality and for loot often led them
to raid the very territory they were
supposed to guard.
However. they were invaluable in the
territorial expansion of the country
and were so regarded by the Muscovy
and Polish rulers. SO on the frontiers
these hardy freebooters grew into a
great race with their own peculiar hab-
its and customs. and with a fierce love
Of liberty as a predominating char
acteriStic
Evening star., 1917-10-01
GNESBR|T|SKPLAN
FOR FOOD CONTROL
Official Publication Shows Vio-
Iation of Regulations and the
Penalties Imposed.
LIST OF MAXIMUM PRICES

The first copy received in this country
of the new National Food Journal, the
official publication of the ministry of
food for Great Britain. has just reached
the food administration of the United
States 1t teens with information
about the food situation in England. on
many phases of which there have been
widely conflicting reports in this coun-
try.
The journal contains the Official an
nouncement regarding the issuance of
sugar cards, a policy male necessary
by the shortage of sugar; an official
statement of policy by Lord Rhondda: :
regulations concerning the milling of
ilour. the curtailment of brewing, pre-
vention of profiteering, newly fixed
bread and milk prices. and a complete
list of official maximum prices.
Human interest" abounds in the pub
lication. ranging from the stories of
prosecutions for exposing new bread
for sale, serving too much breed for
meals, for using sugar obtained for
preserving for other purposes. and the
rationing of horses for the hunting and
racing seasons.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Old Traditions Preserved.

The Cossasks of today are the de-
scendants of these peoples and pre-
serve intact all the old traditions. With
them the village is the primary unit
which holds its lands as commune
The village assembly still prevails
Schoolhouses are plentiful In territory
held by Cos.acks AS a rule, popular
education stands among the Cossacks
at a higher level than in the remainder
Of Russia, it is said. They have more
schools and the greater portion of their
children attend school.
II Is regarded as not strange, then
Evening star., 1917-10-01
BUY
A
LIBERTY
BOND.

that these peoples. during Russia's
present struggles for democratic form
of government, should be at heart with
the provisional governmen although
their ancient hatred of restrictions a,
times leads portions Of them to appear
to be against the forces of the coun-
try now working for democracy.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
Name Means Freebooter"

The term "Cossack." from the Tartar
word meaning freebooter" brings to
mind the picture of a wild looking man
riding at breakneck speed on a steed
With flowing name. But the Cossacks
are now and always have been, accord
ing to those conVersant with Russian
history, more than romantic adventur-
ers.
They, perhaps, of all the Russian peo-
pies, loved liberty with a fierceness most
akin to Americas love for freedom. so
that it is not strange to hear of them
playing prominent parts in Russia S
present day throes, 1t is regarded here.
The Cossacks first came into promi-
nence in Russian history following the
invasion of Tartars. beginning in 123S
\. d. Even as the Cow boys" Of Amer
ica together with the other pioneers
of the far west, became the first line
of defense for the growing republic
against enemy Indians. so in the SlaV
territory the peoples who became
known as "Cossacks' formed a f1rse-
line defense against the warlike Mon
gols or Tartars. The greatest invasion
of Tartars. known as the Golden
Horde" to which most of the Slavs
paid tribute for decades, finally was
broken up by coalition of Russian
princes in 1880.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
No Permanent subjugation.

Even as late as 1911. according to
authorities, Muscovy was pillaSed by
Il Tartar horde But there was no
longer any danger of permanent sub
jugation. The Russian frontier was
being gradually pushed forward, at the
expense of the Tartars. by the advance
of Russia's "cowpunchers.
The Cossacks. originally people of
agricultural bent in search of virgin
soil. eventually became like those they
had to contend with. in order to sur
vive They organized themselves in
semi military fashion and adopted
mode of life similar to the Tartars.
Thenceforth they became known as
Cossacks. from the Tartar or Turk
word for freebooter" or 'adventurer."
Finally they began to live more by
focks and herds and by marauding ex-
peditions than by agriculture.
Like all frontierspeople. their love
of their own liberty was intense. The
Cossacks of those far centuries-today
there are ten divisions of Cossacks.
of whom the Don Cossacks form one
"voiskos," as the divisions are called
pledged some their allegiance to the
Tsar of Muscovy. and some their al
legiance to the ruler of the kingdom
of Poland.
Evening star., 1917-10-01

Fred Dato. brother-in-law of Esteban
Cantu. military governor Of the north
ern district of Lower California. and
Julien NJ. Trens were convicted at Los
Angeles Wednesday of conspiring to
violate neutrality in a proposed ship
ment of arms and ammunition to Low wer
California.
Evening star., 1917-10-01
"DO YOUR BEST"
BUY A BOND.
At 8 O'Clock This
Morning

Morning
every one of our depositors received
by mail a complete statement OF his
account for the month Of September.
A Perfect Statement System
The Electric Bookkeeping Machines
which we use in our accounting de-
partment handle the work with abso-
lutte accuracy.
The machine prints dates, adds
your deposits to the old balances, sub
tracts checks and prints your new bal
ance.
An additions and subtractions are
done automatically-it can't make q
mistake.
Instead Of leaving your passbook
to be balanced neatly printed acc,l-
rate statement is mailed you on the
last day Of every month
It shows a balance you know is
right
Let us include your name this
month.
Evening star., 1917-10-01

British Air Raid in Belgium.
LONDON, october Another sue
cessful aerial attack on German mill
tary establishments in Belgium Is re-
ported by the admiralty. The statement
Evening star., 1917-10-01

follows: "On the afternoon of Septen-
ber % bombing raid was carried out
by naval aircraft on the St Denis West
rem airdrome. Many bombs were drop
Evening star., 1917-10-01

Federal F'ina;i'
BY John P",is
Evening star., 1917-10-01
FEDERAL F
NATIONAL BANK |

Southeast Corner of Fourteenth and G Streets.
oGnators d ts Monthly System Washington.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-20

ton is represented by collateral Sc
curity for American advances OF
credit or cash.
Great Britain and France have the
right to exchange collateral security,
that Is to say, they may substitute
other approved securities for Ameri-
can securities. but IL this should be
done. will these countries sell these
securities to the United States. or
will the owners from whom Great
Britain borrowed them, sell them
here? The presumption is that be-
fore the war ends. almost all of these
American securities will have beer.
purchased by American capitalists or
investors. II that be done the United
States will all the more emily main
tain the pre-eminent position which
We. OF a sudden and Unexpectedly,
have secured.
Some of those who should know
whereof they speak. say that a very
largo amount of the common stock
of the United States steel corpora
ton is now carried by brokers for
their clients, and of course upon
margins. 1t would be of interest to
know how much of the common stock
Of this corporation. II any, now con-
stitutes a part of the collateral
security put up by Great Britain, as
basis for loans obtained in the
United States.
The fact that there were some quo
tations for the bonds of the Liberty
Loan, a few days ago, at a point
slightly below par. is spoken of in the
financial district as no reflection upon
the credit of the United States Nor
Is 1t likely that any of these transac-
tions represent so-called short selling,
that is to say, speculative transac-
tions. Presumably they were all ac-
tual sales. II the new loan should be
issued at the rate of per cent inter
est. the Liberty Loan bonds would
not be likely to sell below par, but
probably at a premium. In any event.
transactions OF this kind do not affect
the credit of the United States.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-20
Enlist l,276 men
IN Days RECRUITING
States Pass Quota Before Big Draft
Lottery Sets in Motion,

The regular army secured 1875 men
in the latest recruiting statement
issued from the War Department yes
terday.
The army has gained. since April /,
l5l ,3l9 men. 1t still requires 81 ,579 men
to attain the 1S3. .S9s men needed. A
dropping-off in the daily contingent
was noted in several big States. New
York fell to 15S men from a daily aver
age OF more than 200. The State is
still below the set number of ,391 men.
The brunt of the recruiting Is still
borne by the States which have al
ready filled up. Pennsylvania, the
second largest quota to fill. has held
the record each day for the entire
country, for several days. She sent
in IA men yesterday. giving the State
an excess of 1854 men. From turn
ing in a blank report one day, South
Carolina had eight recruits to her
credit yesterday. Texas secured forty
one men, increasing the daily average
slightly.
The District of Columbia turned in
six men. doubling its contribution.
There was a noticeable gain in sew
eral Southern States. Alabama sent
thirty-seven men, Georgia sent thirty
two, Kentucky sent seventeen and
Missouri sent forty-three.
Western States maintained them
selves Creditably. California sent in
thirty-eiSht men, although already
filled up; Illinois likewise filed, got
tfty-five; Indiana. thirty-seven, and
Washington, thirty-seven.
Massachusetts is included in the
States nearing the full quota. This
State needs sixty -four men, and may
be filled today.
The Washington herald., 1917-07-20
The New Submarine "Scare."

The sinister report from London
which Charles H. Grasty sends to the
New York Times-that the C-boats
now are sinking fully 10000 allied
tonnage per month-does not arouse
any undue excitement.
II the submarines were maintaining
such an average as this. It would take
only seven or eight months to drive
British shipping from the seas; and.
Of course. this is not exactly in sight
mot yet, at any rate. The figures
in a circumscribed sense undoubtedly
are accurate; the 100000 tons should
be considered dead weight" and not
Lloyd's tonnage, and all shipping sunk
by C-boats is computed in the CAL
culations. not merely British or allied
tonnage.
But from various officials of the gov
ernment comes the admission that the
German submarines are dangerously
approaching the "one-million-tons-a-
month" mark which was set for them
when the policy OF rsthlessness was
put into effect. This fact is sensa-
tional enough to merit the delibera-
ton of all the allied nations. It is
apparent that the -U-boat is the only
thing which stands between the en-
tente and certain victory. If Ger
many had not foreseen that defeat
was inevitable in a campaign of at.
triton, or a campaign against time,
she would never have defied the neu-
trail world with U-boat lawlessness,
which has resulted in arraying the
United States against her. All Of her
leaders. Hindenburg included, have
been frank enough to say they depend
ed on the submarine to bring them VIC
tory. Such frankness should be
enough to warn the British and the
American governments that to daily
and temporize with the existing situa-
ton may be almost fatal.
There is much dope printed re-
sarding a naval offensive against sub
marine bases. but nothing is said
that such a plan Is receiving the seri-
GUS consideration Of British and Amer
lean naval officials. Its hazards are
great. 1t is extremely doubtful wheth-
er a sea attack on Zeebrugge or os-
tend will be attempted. Other meth
DDS Of fighting the submarines will
be tried first.
Reports Of new American inyen-
ton which will eliminate the subma-
rine menace persist. That the Naval
Consulting Board has completed a de-
vice which is now being tried out in
the actual conditions existing on the
Atlantic and the North Sea seems
certain. Until it proves its success
beyond peradventure officials will be
chary of placing too great reliance
on it But the experiments already
made with It seem to indicate that
it will cut down U-boat losses materi-
ally.