davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
IS German Divisions
Fight in Flanders
Approximately 100000 Men
Used in Effort 10 Stem
Recent Allied Drive

GRAND HEADQUARTERS OF THE
FRENCH ARMY IN FRANCE, Sept. 2l.
-Thirty.fve German divisions have
been engaged in the fighting in
Flanders during the course Of the SIX
weeks from July rs 20 August %, eight
Of which are still in the front line.
Nineteen Of the German divisions have
been Withdrawn and are now undergo
ing reformation in rest camps, the
other eight being assigned to defend
quiet sectors along the fighting front
and elsewhere.
The average duration of the occupe-
ton cf front trenches by German d.
visions before their withdrawal is only
eight days, in which time the casualties
become so heavy that their retirement
is compulsory. During a similar pc
Rod Of the Somme battle, year ago,
th;rtv-four German divisions were en-
gagged. twenty-five Of which were with
drawn as consequence Of casualties
after twelve days fighting. During the
Verdun fighting, which began on August
%. ten German divisions, including
four reserve divisions, were withdrawn
after fighting from a minimum OF two
DAYS to a maximum Of four days. Eight
of these divisions were regarded a
exhausted. Six new divisions, which
replaced them, now occupy the line.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
rCho Great NNar-114 8th Day

turn TO the attack in an endcavor 70
oust the British. During the day no
less than six counter attacks were De
liyorcd on the front north Of tho
Anzac. but in each instance the as
saulting troops were hurled back
throughout tins time the British con
tinucd TO improve their line, reaching
out here and there TO occupy positions
which give them stronger hold.
In the days success many parts Of
the empire were represented. aus,
tralia. South Africa. England, Scotland
all gave of their magnificent troops,
who pushed out across marshlands ana
hattled their way through concrete ma
chine gun cmplacements and redoubts.
The whole operation was remarka-
bic demonstration of what organiza-
ton, backed with plenty OF big guns
can accomplish.
Over Difficult Ground
The crucial sector may be said to be
in with the ridge known rs Anzac.
which lies about mile southwest OF
Zonncbekc Southwest Of Amaze Is Nuns
Wood. and just east of this IS the
famous forest known as Polygon Wood.
When the British in August fought
their way forward TO Polygon Wood
they found Nuns Wood so flooded thar
they were forced TO go around IT. and
the ground here still presents great
difficulties to the movement OF troops
because Of its swampy condition. Nun
Wood merges into Glencorse Wood on
the south, and little further down
and astride the Ypres-M enin highway
is Inverness Copse. of undylng fame.
Between Glcncorse wood and Inverness
is an omen stretch Of solid ground OF
some 400 yards. and here on the titz-
Clarence sarm the Germans had buiIt
great steel and concrete redoubtS'
whose machine guns dominated the
southern part OF Glencorse Wood and
the northern section of Inverness.
Below Inverness are Dumoartor
Lakes. and the ground about them Is
pitteG with shell cratcrs, when arc
nlled with water. The paths and
trenches here were wiped out by ar
tillery fire and the shell holes are so
close together that there Is no space
TO walk around them. In most places
the mud and water are knee deep; sun
further south is Shrewsbury Forest
through which the British line ran
and the ground in front of the BRUSH
trenches Is mass OF tangled Daroed
,yire Inst below Shrewsbury Forest
is Belgian Wood. which lies near hu ,i.
beke There are many other little DTS
of forest scattered through this sec
ton. most of them in marshy GROUND
which was rendered still more dltncuIt
by the devastation wrought by shelIs.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Germany Lacks
Goods for Clothes
Inventors Now Seeking Sub
stitutes for Woollen and
Cotton Fabrics

Germany is fast becoming hard up
for wearing-apparcl, and inventors
have succeeded in finding an effective
substitute Cor woollen and cotton zap
RIGS. saws the London Daily Mail.
The new material has been tested ana
proyes to be both wearable and wash
able. The drawback at present Is that
this "paper-cloth" is rather stiff, but by
special treatment experts hope to pro-
duce stuff sufficiently fine and soft 10
be used even for underwear. The Berlin
DAILY Paper" (TageblatD devotes the
best part Of a column TO this important
revolution in clothes. WorEmen
clothing of strong texture can now De
bought in the Berlin shops, and mems
trousers. specially imprcgnated 10 WIN
stand rain. are also on sale.
The Daily Paper" says that by next
spring men, women and children OF all
classes will probably be wearing com
plete outfits made of the new material
IL l. worth noting that these goods,
like the materials they replace, are only
purchasable on clothing permits.
Silver coins are becoming rarer and
rarer in Germany. The larger coins
Gve-shilling, two-shiliing and shilling
pieces were at an early stage of the
war for the most part replaced by
paper money. Various German cities
ere now going a step further and are
introducing siXpenny paper notes:
These notes are sometimes inscribed
with touching patriotic notices. The
sixpenny notes of Niederlahnstein, for
instance, bear the inscription tender
longing, sweetest hope" in anticipation
of the German peace the Fatherland so
ardpntlv desires
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Italian Front
ITALIAN

ROME, Sept. 2l.-At the head Of the
Grnova Valley northwest of Trent the en-
envy at dawn yesterday made an a.ta'k in
force on one Of our small advanced posts. A
brisk struggle resulted. the enemy being
driven back. leaving numerous losses. On
the Col Bricon northwest Of TrenD on
Wednesday by timely explosion Of a coun-
ter mine. We destroyed the enemy's tunnel
works.
In the upper CordeyOe Valley lDolomte
AlpsJ Yesterday one of our parties in q
splendid attack parried and passed beyond
the enemy defences at Gina Sief. Suisse
quently. owing to the absolute impossibility
OF creating shelters under a most violent
enemy bombardment on the rocky. exposed
ground. our men withdrew TO their position
of depa rture
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Italians Shatter
Austrian Attack
In the Trentino
Cadorna's Troops Drive
Back Heavy Force North
west of Trent
Destroy Foes Tunnels
Counter Mine Wrecks Teuton
Works-Alpine Troops
Are Active
Destroy Foes Tunnels

LONDON, Sept 21.-The Austrians
made a futile attempt yesterday 10
omen an attack in the Trentino, where
the Austrian Emperor WAS reported 70
have made visit of inspection last
week. Emerging from the head OF the
Grnova Valley, northwest OF Trent inc
enemy forces in large numbers ad-
vanced nj dawn against the Italian Ad-
vancod posts. After brisk struggle,
in which the attackers suffered heavily
tLe, wore driven back 20 their lines
without gains, according to the ofhclai
statement issued at Rome tonight.
Tho Italians have been conducting
successful mining operations on TINS
front for the last week, and on Wednes-
dav completely destroyed the Austrian
tunnel works. the result CT many weeks
labor. by an explosion Of "A counter
mine. TT,
Some hint of the enormous dlthcul-
tics confronting the TROOPS OF Cadorna
in tho rugged Alpine sectors OF the
hattie front is conveyed in the ohhciai
account OF "A valiant assault by ltallah
forces at Gina Sief, in the upper Corde..
yoIo Valley. Here, where the peaks OF
Tho Dolomitcs cleave the sky, picked
maintain troops advanced in open or
der against the encmy's defences Tar
above them. A..
In furious combats they won the
upper hand over the Austrlans ana
pcnctrated the positions, but the VIC
torv could not be sustained. under
the violent bombgrdmen' OF the en-
emy's big guns the italians found II I'M
poSsible 10 reconstruct the shattered
positions Of the enemy or TO rear new
shelters on the rocky, exposed GROUND,
They finally withdrew to their origlh"i
lipos
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
By Haywood Broun

Hccrcditcd 10 The Pcrshing Army ~ France
for The NeC York Tribune and Syndicdte)
Copyright. 1917. by Tho Tribune AssociatIon)
THE AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY
ARMY IN FRANCE, Sept. 20.-The
freight car was Enthusiastically French,
for a sign on the side said: "flommes,
&c; cheveaux en- long, s." or course, any
Frcnchman Immediately would under
stand the caption to mean that the
horses must be put in lengthwise and
not folded. No restrictions are men
toned as 20 the method of packing
the "hommes."
But, tall stringy man, who gszed
out of the car meditatively, work
ing on his eating tobacco, looked
as If he would not know what
"cheval" was unless it bit him. He
spoke, and the impression was con-
frmed that he was no Frenchman, for
he said:
IL guess I've kicked a hobo off the
train for every telegraph pole, back on
the old Rock Island; but this is the
toughest ralroading job I've struck
yet
The brakeman was member of the
American Regiment of Railroad En-
Rineers, now operatin military
road. He admitted that he found
aeroplanes more annoying than
tramps and that, while washouts and
spreading rails were old stories to
him, he did get bit of thrill the
first time he found the tracks torn up
By shell fire. Still, he declared that
the peSkiest nuisance was aeroplanes.
Bombed by Aeroplane
zone night he said, "there was one
OF those flying machines just followed
along with us, and every time we fired
the engine and the sparks flew up the
Dutchmen in the flying machine would
drop a bomb or shoot at US with a
machine gun. They didn't hit US, but
once they got so rough we just slowed
down and laid under the engine for a
spell until they decided to quit picking
on us"
This regiment of railroad operatives
is the huskiest | have ever seen. II
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
China to Send Trial
Division to France
Premier Favors Dispatch OF
100000 Troops if Canton
Government Assents

PEKING Monday, Sept. lI--lDe-
laycd). The president and the Cabinet
have agreed to the plan of sending a
trial division Of $4,000 Chinese soldiers
to France il money, equipment and
shining are available. The Entente Al
lies have approved the proposition and
France is eager TO receive the contin-
gent.
France by January |. An abundant
number OF fairly trained soldiers IS I'M
mediately available for the expedition.
The Premier is in favor of sending
100000 men, and the provincial author
tiles are heartily in support Of the plan
in the event that the Canton provisional
government gives its approval OF the
war with Germany.
The Chinese soldiers probably VIII be
used as "A second line force IN France
until they are better trained IN the latest
methods Of warfare. PRESIDENT feng
Kwo-chang has cabled congratulations
10 President Poincare on the French
success at Nerdun. The Chinese news
papers also are enthusiastically prsls-
ing France and urging China TO send
troops to aid her.
A dispatch received from Peking yes
terday. under the date of September 10,
said that the Chinese Cabinet was will
ing 10 send 100000 soldiers to France
in compliance with the French request;
The advice added that an appeal had
been made to the United States for
financial aid to equip the Chinese
troops.
A Toxic dispatch, dated SeptembeI
1G, and received here yesterday. said
that the Chinese government had
sounded Japan on the proposed dispatch
Of Chinese troops 70 Europe, and that
Japan probably would offer no oppo'
sitiOn to the plan.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Five German Planes
Downed by Russians
General Fighting Subside,
While Airmen Make
Reconnaissance

LONDON, Sept. 2l-Aside from locs.
engagements on the Rumanisn frort
there was no fighting activity to-day
in the western theatre Of the war, al.
though the airmen Of both sides were
busy making reconnaissance.
On the Rumanian front. Petrogrsi
reports, Russian hiers downcd five Ger.
man machines, four within the eremys
lines. Southeast Of KoveI German con.
centration camps were exposed to a
leavy bombardment from the air.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Anti-French Agitators Hoot
Cardinal Mercier; Riot Follows

AMSTERDAM, Sept. 21.-According
to the "Handelsblsd," while Cardinal
Mercier, the Primate of Belgium, was
going 20 the cathedral at Antwerp in
full Pontifcal dress last Sunday, he
was hooted and Kissed by Flemish and
snti-French agitators, who were in the
crowd cheering him.
A riot resulted, and the police inter
fered with drawn swords. Later, as
the Cardinal was leaving the cathedral,
rioting again broke out. Stones were
thrown, and sticks were used freely
Two OF the sgitstors were seriously
injured. Several OF the rioters were
arrested.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Greece Will Rebuild Salonica

OTTAWA. Sept. 2l.--Sslonica, half
destroyed by fire on Angus; IS. when
10000 persons were made homeless IS
TO be rebuilt by the government Of
Greece, which has engaged Thomas
Mawson, the noted English town plan.
ner, it was learned to-day. Noulan
Chauchon. consulting engineer Of this
city, received a csblegram from Nav.
son asking his collaboration in the
work
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Official Statements

neighborhood of Tower Hamlets and north
east of Langemarck cleared up number Of
strong points and completed the capture Of
our objectiyes in these localities.
Il Is now established that in the many
counter attacks delivered by considerable
forces Of the enemy during the afternoon and
evening his casualties were unusually great.
The clear light of the latter part OF the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Australian Banner
FIutters Ouer "Anzac";
British Gains Held

BRITISH FRONT IN FRANCE AND
BELGIUM, Sept. 2l.-Durine the night
the British forces, with comparatively
little opposition, consolidated and con-
sidersbIy improved the new line which
they had won in their offensive against
the Germans TO the east of YpreS
To-day, from the newly acquired en-
envy stronghold known as "Anzac,'
southwest Of Zonnebekc. futteTs the
Australian banner. symbol Of the
greatest victory which has marked
British operations in the western thea
ire in the past year, not excluding that
at Messines.
Southwest Of Gheluvclt the Germans
still are holding position which the
British desired. and to-day at $3.50
O'Clock Field Marshal Ilaig began a
local attack here.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
West
BRITISH

LONDON. Sept. n CDAY.-More detailed
accounts of yesterdays battle confirm the
completeness Of our success. During the
evening local attacks delivered by US in the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
FRENCH

PARIS. Sept. 81 DAYD.-We easily re-
pulsed enemy surprise attacks north Of VauH-
aillon. in the sector Of Cerny, and on th'
Verdun front. near Bethincourt and Lamor-
Vile
In the Champagne a German attack on
Mont Haut was dispersed by our fire before
tho enemy was able to reach our lines. The
Germans suffered serious losses.
(NtGHTJ-hn enemy surprise attack
against one Of our small posts to the north
of Joy ended in failure.
Ayiation-Durng Wednesday and Thurs
day two German machine W. n~0"
down in the daylight, and two others, seri
ously damaged, were forced TO !and uunus
the night
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Nine Die in Irish Explosion

LONDON. Sept. 2l.-Au explosion
has occurred in munitions factory ir
ireland. u was announced officially 10.
d4y by the British War Office. Nine
persons were killed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
East
RUSSIAN

PETROGRAD, Sept. 2l.-On Wednesday
on the southwestern and Rumanan fronts
there were several aerial engagements. Our
airmen downed four enemy machines inside
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
New Drive Near Ypres
Complete Success" Cen
eral Declares
Says Foe Lost
Heavily in Men
Berlin Admits Reverse; Re-
ports British Used l20,-
600 in Attack

LONDON, Sept. Ella the face o.
determined counter attacks by the GER
mans, the British have not only con-
solidated all the gains made yesterday
on the eight-mile front between the
Yprcs-Stadcn road and the Menin road
but have cleared up number Of strong
positions beyond, completing the capt
ure Of their detectives in the whole
sector under attack.
Haig reports that unusually great
casualties were inflicted on the enemy
in his futile reactions, II every case
the advancing lines being destroyed by
the concentrated fire i the British
rifles and machine guns. The British
losses are declared to have been light:
The number Of German prisoners
taken, it was officially announced TO-
night, has been increased to more than
three thousand
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22

The 43d and final in
stalmcnt of James W.
Gerard's narrative has
just been published by
The Philadelphia Pub
lie Ledger" 1t was a
story which progressively
deepcned the impression
of Germany's guilt and
Americas danger as the
daily chapter was spread
before the country.
Sundays Tribune will
carry a resume of this
stirring contribution to
the literature of diplo-
macy-to the history of
the invention of the
World War and to cur
rent study in German
psychology.
An article giving the
main features of Gerard's
book through to his stir
ring conclusion, which
read:
Germany is possessed
get of great military
power. Fortunately,
america bars the wdy-
america led by a fighting
President scho 7cU allou
no compromise scith brutal
autOcracy."
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22

dav enabled our troops 70 obtain "arn,ns "
Intending attacks. and In every case tre ~
vsnring lines Of German inianuy VIZ ~
gtroyed By the concentrated hre from o''
rifles and machine guns. ,v .,r.
IN. obstinacy with which the enemy con
.,.,,Iv rene,ted his attacks only added 70
bis Losses without recovering Tor nm any VI
The valuable ground which we had won.
Exhausted by his previous efforts. ~, he
enemy made no counter ATTACKS aufInk ~
night and our troops were able 10 o'""o'''
date the positions undisturbcd. 81,
Our own losses IN the battle are llgnr
In the course Of the night small hosuIe
attacks were driven of west OF ha'hneour
and west of Lens.
GERMAN
BERLIN. Sept. 81 (DAYD.-Arrny Group
Of Crown Prince Rupprecht-Troops OF ths
9TH Army. fighting under the IeaueIsnip "
cessfuIly withstood the first day OF the tnird
The FIRE effect OF the last few days pre-
saged a powerful effort on The part o. the
English, and the concentration OF hEhtiHe
,ocans c,nployed BIZ the enemy on SeptemDee
% on n front of twelve kilometres 'seysn
and one-half miles) reached the limit oil us
intensity at Hoechstmass.
Behind a formidable wave OF the most In
tense drurpfre from guns and mine tnroWses
OF all calibreS there hnFanc'u " ht'n'H ~
clos. formation in the norpi1g, between
Langemarck and Hollebeeke at least nine nine
British divisions. includi- : several Aus,
traIian divisions, which were often supported
by armored cars and fame-throwers
After Huctuating fighting "a result Of
the attack, the enemy was able TO advance
as much "a one kilometre deep into our de-
fence zone, and at Passchendaele and Gheiu-
welt the enemy at times pressed further for
ward West Of Passchendacle he was
pressed back again by our counter attack
North of the Menin-Ypres road a portion OF
terrain remained in his hands.
In all the other sectors Of the battlefield
the English sustaining the heaviest losses
were thrown back into the crater field OF our
fighting zone by the stubborn and heroic
fighting of our troops, which lasted until
late in the afternoon. Requirements OF
the enemy which were newly brought up mo
the fire throughout the evening were not
able to gain any further ground. The vii
lagos situated within the fighting zone are all
in our possession
so far this morning the English have not
resumed the battle. As in the former battle
in Flanders, our leaders and troops reached
the highest point If efficiency.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Berlin Admits Reverse


admits the retirement, after fluctuatinG
fighting, Of Won Arnim's forces for a
distance of two-thirds Of mile, 1t as
scrts that the German troops have
successfully withstood' the attack, the
success Of which it seeks to minimize
in every way. Emphasis is placed by
the Berlin report on the terrific ma
ture of the bombardment and barragc
fire which covered the attacking troops,
Nine British divisions and several
Australian divisions, numbering PROB
ably 10000 men. took part IN the at
tack. Berlin states. Supported by arm
ored cars and flame thTowcrs, they ad-
vanced in close formation behind a
formidable wave Of the most intense
drumfre from guns and mine throwers
Of all calibrcs.'
In all sectors of the battlefield cH-
cept between GheluvClt and Ionnebeke.
the German statement declares, the
British were thrown back into the
crater field of our fighting, sustain
ing the heaviest losses. Reinforce
ments Of the enemy, which we're
brought up throughout the evening.
were not able 30 gain any further
ground" The report adds that all the
Villages situated within the fighting
zone are in the possession Of the Ger
mans.
Ground Almost impossible
The Importance of the British vic
tory, which is declared by correSpon-
dents TO be even greater than that at
Messines, lies chiefly in the overcoming
of the most difficult obstacles to an ad-
vance anywhere on the Western front.
The ground over which Haig's troops
advanced is SCARED with water-hlled
craters and mud holes, traversed by
almost impossible swamps and rugged
forests, and studded everywhere with
German defences from the concrete
pill boxes" impregnable 10 anything
but high explosive. and shclterine
crew after crow of machine gunners
with their murderous weapons, TO the
steel parapets and concrete dugouts Of
the Germans.
When the British troops conquered
Messines Ridge they passed the frs
section of the encmy's greatest defen
sive system in France. Yesterday they
overthrow the second line OF this sys
tenn. Before them, with its foundation
firmly planted on the northern end o
the Zonnebekc Ridge and ITS SHADOW
lying over Roulers, stands the tina
link in this chain, forged by the labo
Of three years.
On the French front Petain's troop
repealed several spirited German as
saults north of the Aisnc and tn
Champagne. where the enemy rarel.
succeeded in reaching the opposing
lines, so deadly was the fire of Thu
French batteries.
Four German machines were brough
down during the day by French fiers.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Hold New Positions

This morning found the British still
holding strongly the important posi-
tions which they had wrested from the
Germans. The consolidating process
effected in the night was facilitated by
the British artillery, its effective work
preventing the Germans from bringing
up their reserves,
The Importance of the new ground
won lies in the fact that it was high
ground, taking in the ridge on which
the Anzac's flag now flies and extend
ing southwark, and constituting the
keystone of the German defences here.
over this the onrushlng British swept
yesterday with irresistible force.
Aside from the local operations
southwest of Ghcluvelt, the situation
to-day south of the Amaze stronghold
was virtually unchanged. The Ger
mans sheled the left Of this front
heavily during the night and showed
considerable activity also Immediately
ia tho north
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22
Repulse Counter Attacks

Northeast of St. Julien the Germans
formed last evening for a counter at
tack, but the British turned a heavy
rifle and maChinegun fire INTO the en-
envy ranks and dispersed them with
heavy losses.
The fighting yesterday was very bit
ter in many places. The enemy fought
dcterminediy 10 hold their positions
and whcn-once forced from the lines
they werS defending continued TO re-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-09-22

(Accrcditcd 10 The PcrshinD Army IN France
for The New York Tribune and Sydicdte)
Copyright. 1917. by Tho Tribune Association)
THE AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY