Arizona republican., 1917-04-29

lPRIL %. 1917
 trees so as to produce fruit in quantity and quality He told also how he saved on the price of flour. He has a small mill run by a gasoline engine and he grinds clean whole wheat making 1t into graham flour, and says that this is not only healthier than whole wheat and cheaper but that 100 pounds of the home made graham flour goes as far as 100 pounds of white flour.
 Professor Clother for many years professor of agriculture at the Univer- sity of Arizona, for the past two years or more a specialist in the office of farm management United States de- partment Of agriculture has made survey of conditions on many Arizona farms. He said that out of $40 farmers interviewed in the Salt River valley only P had gardens. Or those that he asked why they did not have farm gardens most of them said 1t did not pay that the labor required especially as it often times meant that team must be idle while men worked ny hand, was more expensive than to buy the vegetables of a pedler. Another ob-
 jection is that it is not always easy to get water just, as it is needed. The great need now he said is for more grain. There should be according to the acreage of previous years, some 30, 900 to 60,000 acres of grain in the state. The average yield of mile follow ing grain is 2,400 pounds to the acre, and he also advocated the use of high school boys to assist in putting in and harvesting grain sorghum crop after the grain. Professor Clother said that
 nft iXr1f tod lD nf the state is in alfalfa. From interview ing a large number of farmers he was satisfied that much hay and pasture could be saved if the fields were made much smaller He told of one farm of 160 acres where by means of small pas
 ture fields and harvesting surplus hay in the summer that 199 animal unu7 were kept.
 Prof. G. E. P. Smith, irrigation en- gineer gave an inventory of the stock of water in the various reservoirs and streams Of the state. It appears that though we may be lacking in capital, labor and machinery, we have an abun- dance of water on all projects. The range is believed now to be in good shape generally throughout the state. He suggested that all pumping plants that are up-to-date and can be run with minimum of expense, should be operated. Under the Yuma project there are 72000 acres of land which could be irrigated. At present there are only 31,000 acres being irrigated, and Pro- lessor Smith suggested that some method of colonization be inaugurated which would put these idle acres under cultivation. There is much land around Parker which might be cultivated. In Greenlee county an attempt to enlarge the town ditch has been defeated be- cause it hears in New Mexico. He men toned the saving in water which could be made by lining the canals, and said that this would cost about $39 per acre. | There is great need for d storage res cTVOir at San Carlos and Charleston on the Gila The ground water in the Casa Grande valley is sufficient to take care of the pumping plants already in and
 probably more. At present the capacity of these pumps is 14,000 acres and last year only about one-tenth of this land was used. This year the cultivated area
 will be increased to one fourth the capacity of the pumps. As a rule pump
 ing plants are too large and should be
 used continuously for economical re- suits. Many pumps if used all the time, instead of a part only would irrigate much larger area, with no increased cost except for fuel. Professor Smith said that only one-third of the water diverted to the land reaches benefi-
 cial use This loss includes the loss from evaporation and from seepage. Dr. A. W. Morrill, of Phoenix, state
 entomoogist, said that unfortunately much damage which is done by insects is not remedial by any agencies known at the present time. fh" damage done by insects in Arizona reaches probably | -hEm0iemmpaeht ehteesneteardhdTeno
 S1,000, GOO annually ana the admage from plant diseases about half as much more. He mentioned particularly, grass ] hOppers, bean lady bugs. blister beetles, ! harvester ants and codling moths as being insects which do much damage and which may be successfully com batted if the effort is made in time ] Of the insects which do damage to stock he named. screw worms and the i TeYoS Horn flv as doing a great deal
 would not produce. he recommended also that farmers be careful in plant
 ing the grain Sorghums not to use too 1 much seed
 A. R. Ballantyne, county agent of
 Graham county, said that there was 12,000 acres of grain in Graham coun-
 ty this year. an increase of 2,000 acres
 over last year. Last year about 2,0G0 acres of grain land was planted to
 corn. This year a much larger acre ! age will be planted, if the labor can be ! had. A considerable acreage of beans will be planted provided the seed can i be obtained. He stated that 50 bushels
 of corn or 1000 pounds of beans can
 be raised to the acre. They will try
 to get Indian labor to help out the sit
 uation. He said that farmers would
 cooperate in doing their farm work i that boys and girls would help, and i that the women were willing to drive
 mowers and other machinery. He said
 that farmers would save all the stock
 food possible. that they would build
 fifty silos. and that they would save their straw for feeding.
 L. l.. Parke. state agent for boys and girls clubs. told how the club work serves to train the boys and
 girls for the next generation. At this time when there is so much need for
 conserving food. the knowledge that the boys have had in their club work is of the utmost importance as they have been taught the value of better
 methods. The girls have had instruc-
 ton in canning fruits and vegetables.
 Many of these girls are now going out