davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Thursday, August 9, 1917

The important fact which stands
out above all other things in the
governments crop forecast is that
nothing like a shortage of food is
possible this year. Undoubtedly, all
of US will have to eat wheat products
sparingly in order that our Allies
may have their share, but the def
cheney of wheat will easily be made
ur out of the vast yield of other
grains and the record production of
potatoes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Bids for Hawaiian Bonds Asked

Announcement was made yesterday
of an impending issue of s1,5oO,ooo
per cent public improvement bonds of
the territory of Hawaii Bids for the
issue will be received on August 30 at
the Office of United States Mortgage &
Trust Company in New York and at
the Office of the treasurer of Hawaii in
Honolulu. Hawaii now has outstand-
ing S7,S74,OOO of bonded indebtedness.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
City Revenue Bills
Are Sold Above 1O4

The offering of s25,000,000 New York
City revenue bills met with satisfac-
tory response Yesterday. The average
price received for an issue of 100000
900, maturing December 3, was 104.2O7,
while the s15,OOO,OOO which come due
February 10, 1918, brought an average
Of 104525.
The successful bidders for the sl0,-
100000 follow:
Goldman, Sachs & Co.. s1.250.0O0 at 4.l25
per cent and $4,000 at Ais per cent; Held
elbach, Ickelheimer G. Co.. 100000 at S.9i
per cent Speyer & Co., 100000 at 3.91 per
cent: f. B. Cantwell & Co.. 100000 at 40
per cent r. NJ Pressprich & Co, Sl,9lO,OOO
at 4.15 per cent; Kidder. Peabody & Co.,
81, 900 900 at 3.9i per cent, and the United
States Trust Company, 100000 at $3.50 per
cent.
The successful bidders for the sl5,-
100000 issue follow:
Blake Bros. E. Co., 100000 at 4.35 per
cent: Solomon Bros. & Hutzler, S2.225.O0 at
4.SO per cent; Barr & Schmeltzer. 100000
at AS per cent; the Central Trust Com
pany, $500 600 at 4.50 per cent; Colgate.
Parker & Co., 100000 at AS per cent (;
Bernhard Scholle & Co, S2.225. 900 at 4.SO
per cent the United States Mortgage and
Trust Company. 100000 at 4.25 per cent ;
Remick. Hodges & Co., 100000 at 4.1i per
cent; the United States Trust Company.
$500 600 at 40 per cent: A. B. Leach &
Co, $500. 900 at 40 per cent and 100000
at i5O per cent; the Germania Savings Bank,
$3.50 600 at $50 per cent; the National Park
Bank, $500, 900 at 4.72 per cent the Equi-
table Trust Company. sl.OOo,COO at 40 per
cent; s. n. Bond & Co.. 100000 In lots Of
500 900 at from 4.20 per cent to 452 per
cent, and Kuhn, Loeb & Co.. sl.ooO,OoO at
450 per cent.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
The Dollar in Foreign Exchange

Exchange rates on the Scandinavian
countries broke sharply yesterday on
a small volume of business. Stock
holm crowns went to 1924 cents,
against 331a the day before. Danish
exchange dropped half cent to the
crown. French exchange was also
easier.
Closing rates yesterday. compared
with a week ago, are given in the table
below American bankers have sus-
pended all dealings In German and
Austrian exchange, so that daily quo
tations for either marks or kronen are
no longer available.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Wool Sells at Record Price

CALGARY, Alberta, Aug. 9.-The
highest prices ever recorded were paid
for wool at the Calgary associations
sale which closed yesterday, it was an
nounced to-day. Fine clothing wool
brought the top price of "a cents. A
total of 10000 pounds were sold at an
average of so cents. Last years aver
age was 292 cents.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Hawaiian Tobacco Crop

Tobacco growers estimates as of
June 80 indicate that the 1917 crop on
the island of Hawaii will be about
10000 pounds of cigar tobacco. The
paintings are all in the district of
Kona, between the towns of Hoopuloa
and Keauhou. The intensive farming
is at Keokea and Honaunau, a few
miles south Of Kealakekua Bay. The
entire Kona district is devoted almost
exclusively to tobacco and coffee grow
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Active Securities

Net
Sales. High. Low Close en- &c
65 do pr. IA ia ia -
700 A Stl Fdy. 6SLs 67Ia 60 -
5000 Am Sugar.12234 121Ia 122I4 + IS
1900 Am Sum. 81 So 53I4+ "a
4OOAT& Tel.11e3s 1925 1925 r IS
1900 Am Tobac.216 200 2127s r 134
100 Am Wool. SPA 52ss 525s- %
100 do pr. e8Is 9aIs sSIs-
100 W P DR.. 40 40 40 r W
100 A Zinc & L 1884 1884 2324- "a
5000 Anaconda. 76Ia 1884 76Ia- 70
700 Atchison.. se7s 1924 es24-
100 do pr. 9634 sS34 e624+ "
1OOA Coast L.110Is 1905 11oIa- 70
800 AG&W I.106 1914 1885 ia
SOOB Loco Co 72 7o4 71Ia-15s
400 Bait & 0. 6e7s 69Ja 6s34-
100 Barrett C.1o734 1924 1924 "a
100 Batop Min 1Is 1Is We
400 Beth ST.. .t21 1872 12t 3
1920 do CT B. t1794 1855 1175s +25s
200 Brunswick 1919 1923 1913 70
200 Butick Co 1878 1878 121s-
100 Cal Petrol 81 81 81 i
100 Can Pac. 1607s 1607s 16ozs + IS
1900 Cent Fdy. 36Ia 1884 So r "a
5000 C Leather. s2Ia eo34 923s : 1873
700 c D Pasco 81 9034 81 - 80
200 Ches e. 0. 81 e024 6o24- 70
200 C Ct West 1924 1924 1o34-
SOOCM& SIP ess4 $50 6s94- 70
100 do pr...108 1903 1903 -
100 C & wst.109R 1922 109Ia-
14OOCRI&P. 345a $3.50 $3.50 70
1900 do SO pr 5s24 57s4 So - "
500 do 7f5 pr 1924 71zs 711s- 70
200 Chile Cop. 20 1888 20 = 3s
400 C Con Cop543s 54Is 54Is- 80
100 Col Flu e. 4e 40 40 -13s
400 C Gas & Z 40 3sIa 397s+ IS
200 Cons Gas lilo 1903 ITO -24
1901 | C Min. 16 16 10 2
100 Cont Can. 81 81 81 -
1900 Corn Prod 1878 1875 $685. + 70
1900 Cruc ST.. 82ls 80I4 811s+ g
200 do pr. 1925 1o2Ia 1925 70
1OOC A Sug 1886 1886 1856 -
1900 C Cane Su 1894 3sIa 3s24- "a
200 do pr. go go 90 -
300 Del q II. IL IlE flS -
3OODL& W .21oI4 21oIs 21oI4-2Ia
200 DIR pr 1914 is 16 -
200 Dome Min. ga s24 go "a
200 Dist Sec. % 2e7s 279s+ %
1900 Erie. 49,. 2sl4 PAS rs -
200 do pr. % % % Il
100 Fish Body SO 80 80 II
400 Cast WINS 381a 38 SO -
$4,000 Gen Mot. 1884 1905 1t2A-134
200 do PR. 81 81 81 - "
100 erich B F 49, 48Ia asa "a
900 CT Nor pr.105I4 1906 105 -. "
500 c N Ore "a 337s 337s---
100 Hask B.. 38Ia 38la 38Ia+ V
100 Int Agri.. 1874 1874 1814- "a
200 do PR. 5Sls 81 $751; "a
1900 Insp Cop. Sc $50 551s- "a
100 Int Con C sIa 90 sIa-
200 do PR. SIS SIS SIS
200 Int Har c. rs rs rs %
1900 Int Nickel 1878 3eIa 3ss4- Is
Continued on page II
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Elections

Robert C. Myles has been elected
member of the Stock Exchange. 5. II.
Bird has been substituted for Eugene
Hale, IT., of Pendergast, Hale e. Co.
G.. II. Pyne has been proposed as sub
stitute for G. B. Post. jr, Of Post &
Flagg.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
London Money Market.-LONDON

Aug. 9.-Money was abundant at 81
per cent. Discount rates were quiet.
Short bills were quoted at Az per cent
and three months bills at 4is per cent.
Gold premium at Lisbon, 90.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10

The above rates express the cost Of
foreign money in terms of the Ameri-
can dollar. You buy an English pound
sterling at, say, s475h. The intrinsic
parity is s4.sess per pound. Thus, you
say either that pounds are at dis
count or that dollars are at a pre-
MUM, which is owing TO the fact that
in England the demand for dollars
with which TO settle accounts in this
country Is greater than the demand in
this country for pounds with which to
settle accounts in England.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Other Cities

State Bank Joins Federal Reserve
System.-CHICAGO, Aug. 9.-The State
Bank, of Chicago, has Joined the Fed
eral Reserve System, making it the
third bank in this reserve district TO
become a member of the reserve sys-
tenn since the beginning of the war.
The other members are the Merchants
Loan and Trust and the Standard Trust
Company. The Central Trust Company
has been a member from the beginning
of the system.
Spelter NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS., Aug.
9.-Production of spelter for the first
six months of the current year, accord
ing to returns received by the United
States Geological Survey. representing
80 per cent of the output, is estimated
at 1854, 900 short tons. an increase Of
$4,000 tons over the corresponding
period in 1916. Spelter on hand is esti-
mated at $4,000 tons, compared with
1880 tons on January l of this year.
About $4,000 retorts were reported idle
on June 80, in addition to retorts en-
gagged in refining prime Western metal
and in redstilling zinc ashes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Bank of England.-L0NDON, Aug. Q.

The proportion of the banks reserve
to liability this week is 1853 per cent;
last week it was 1853 per cent. Rate
of discount, per cent.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Great Northern
Note Offering
Quickly Taken
$4,000, 900 of 3-Year Notes
Oversubscribed in a
Few Hours

Following the announcement yester-
day that the Great Northern Railway
Company had sold s20,000,000 three
year per cent notes to a group OF
bankers headed by the First National
Bank, it was learned later in the day
that the entire issue had been over
subscribed. The notes were offered at
9s and interest, to yield 5S per cent.
The purpose of the issue is to provide
the Great Northern with funds to pay
for improvements and equipment al
ready purchased. These include cars
and locomotives, the latter chiefly OF
a heavy mountain type, the enlarge
ment of existing machine shops and the
construction Of additional shops, double
tracking and the laying of passing
tracks.
Equipment Bought Cheaply
It was stated that the company had
contracted for its locomotives at prices
substantially below those now prevail
ing, but even at the lower figures the
cost will be largely above that prevail
ing before the European war began.
The last important financing done by
the Great Northern was back in 1911,
when the company sold S2O,OOo,OOO Of
its first and refunding Az per cent
bonds to j. P. Morgan e. Co. and the
First National Bank. The fact tina:
the road was forced TO finance its needs
at this time with short term notes was
considered by investment bankers as
rather a poor commentary on the pres
ent condition of the market for rail
road bond issues.
Collateral Back of Loan
The Great Northern notes are dated
September /. They are secured Dy
S25, 100000 of the company's first and
refunding mortgage per cent bonds
which are due in 1861. The notes are
Tedeemable at any time before Scptem-
Der /, 1918, at 101 and interest, and at
any time thereafter before maturity at
1909 and interest.
The Equitable Trust Company an
nounced yesterday that it will receive
subscriptions to 100000 Great At
lantic & Pacific Tea Company, Inc, five
year 6 per cent convertible notes at par
and interest to yield 6 per cent. Pro-
ceeds from the sale of these notes are
for development and expansion of the
company's business.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
eek

Below is given the current exchange
value of foreign money in dollars and
cents, together with the intrinsic gold
parity, as calculated by the United
States Mint: Current
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10

French Bank Statement.-PARIS, Aug.
9.-The weekly statement of the Bank
of France shows the following changes
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
compared with a year ago, were as fol

Commercial Faper-Trading contin-
ued on restricted scale yesterday,
with the bulk Of the business moving
at per cent.
Official rates of discount of each of
the twelve Federal districts are as fol-
lows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10

Sub Treasury. - New York banks
gained from the Sub-Treasury s9,215,-
600.
SiIver.-Bars in London, AZ lid;
New York, S27s cents; Mexican dollars,
63ai cents.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10

Gold Currents.-Gold coin TO the
amount of $4,000 was withdrawn
from the Sub-Treasury yesterday for
export to Havana.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10
Corporation Returns

Chicago Great Western
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1917-08-10

Continued on page II
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
ANARCHISTS THREATEN ]. 5, EMBASSY
 AT PETROGRAO

influence of America among the Rus sian masses American liberty is scoffed at on every possible occasion and in several instances the arriving anarchists have created disturbances in front of the American embassy and have also threatened to attack. None of the threats have been carried out but the government has posted guards in the vicinity of the legation to prevent hostile outbreaks.
 False reports spread by the anar- chists arriving from the United States to the effect that Alexander Berkman, the American radical. has been sen tenced to death, have caused a great sensation among the extreme social ists and anarchists,
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
NEW REvOL JTlON lS DEvEL0PING IN RUSSIA
BILL ABOLDSHING ASSESSMENT
 WORK PASSED YESTERDAY

law must file a statement expressing the wish to hold posse sion, with the recorder of the district in which inc claim k located
 This notice is to he placed on file with the recorder not later than be- cembcr 3Ist of the ycar for ra'ch lr. exemption is desired
 As indicated in the Delegates mcs- sage the IaW applies to both auartz and placer claims. otI claims alone be- ing exempted from Inc provisions of the non assessment LW, owing to the desire of congress to continue de- vclopment of oil land Following ia the full text of the smzcr massaee.
 Washinsloa b C. Oct l. lgl7 Seward Peninsula Chamber ConuDre
 Congress today approved ugs-J4. o. bill which cNcmpts ov.r> ownero lode or placer claims in AIaeka and riso- where from usscssment work lmine
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02

\ telegram from Delegate Chas Sul . ger to the Nome Chamber of Com merce announces that the much dis cussed bill abolishing the annual as sessment work on mining claims throughout the country during the years 1917-191S, is now a law.
 The message which is dated October 1st, says that the bill which eXcmpts every owner of mining claims from as sessment work in Alaska and else where during the stated period, was passed by congress yesterday after the conference committee had given some reconsideration to the report of sev- cral days ago. Delegate Sulzer says the house anu senate confcrreos de- cided upon a simple out and out ex cmption without any restriction be- Sond the provision that the owners of mining claims desiring to avail them selves of the privilege granted by the
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
DESPERATE GERMAN
 ATTACKS ON FLANDERS
 FRONT FAIL COMPLETELY

concentrated every available force to mu ue1insI the British in trcmcnd- ous attempt to rcsln the numerous positions on the Nprcs war front lost dmue thc past three weeks of fight ng
 Five times sine. the censorship was established tho Germans hurled tre- mcudou~ forces against the British lines along the Yprcs- Mcnin road, pressing each attack with all the visor at their commaroi and aided by an immense concentration of artillery forces. Each t.mo the British com manlor reports. they were hurled back to ho.r own lines after suffering -uea~us losses and without gaining even u Domporay roothold in the Fri Dsh positions
 Undauntcd by the failure of each
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
HIGH CLASS SHoW-DREAM

When the Paramount Picture Co. finally procured a contract with Ina Claire,the famous Broadway star, they were delighted and since that time, this dainty little beauty has delighted thousands of movie fans Clever, eX- tremely yOung and with a fascinating and attractive prettiness, this little doll' has jumped in the ranks of pop ularity. Tonight she appears in the leading role of "The Wild Goose Chase q merry romance in five amusing acts. As usual with all Par amount Plays, she Is ably assisted by some of the best actors and actresses in America.
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
By Associated Press.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 2-The agita- ton for the expulsion of Senator La
 toilette continues with every indica- tion- that it will be taken up all over the country and may ultimately de-
 velop into what will be very close to a nation wide demand that the Wiscon- sin senator be forcibly returned to pri- vate life Senator Wadsworth today presented to the senate a number of petitions from various New York or ! ganizations asking the expulsion of Lafollette and also that of Senators Stone and Gronna, his chief assistants in the recent congressional fights wherein the trio acted ass the leaders of the opposition to the various ad-
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02

succeeding effort, the Germans con- tlnucd their desperate drives until five separate attempts had melted before the adamantinc wall of British oppo- sit!on Furious lighting occurred at all points along thc/onnebcake- Klein ziujbcal,c front and was particularly intense at tac northeastern corner of the Poilgon woods.
 The Germans made particularly dos- pc..tc efforts to pierce the British linz .t the latter point and the ground wos hoapcd with their dead and dyin% when the assaults had been rruitlcsslv spent
 Every i'm, of the War office report indicate, thal the German. havo been completely fu~tratel at every tu, and have sustained oue Of tan most severe revcrscs of the present yer.
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
By Associated Press

By Associated Press.
 LONDON. Oct 2 After two days of almost complete silence regarding the developments along the British Front .o Flanders, the censorship was lifted today and revealed that the sud- d,o stoppasc of news uas occassion.d aa@rly by thc comucncom,nt day be- fore yesterday of q gigantic effort eff 'thc Germans to win back their lost positions on the Nprce front
 Tho official reports of inc British commander describe ujth hconie brew
 ty tAc defeat of tremendous German 'atiachs on th, Nrroe sector during che .o@t tso days rN,n rIr tens" mG tm, language fails Ja.couceal thai lhr .,icrmau efforts W,t, .moua ta, most desperate ana determined of n. wr and that the German high comm1.d
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
By Associated Press.

PETROGRAD, Oct. 2-The ultra radical element in Petrog1ad is caus- ing the government much concern ow- ing to an appreciable increase in their demonstrative activities since the extreme socialists have assumed the dominating influence in public life.
 Anarchist demonstrations of grad ually widening scope are developing and anarchist agitators are spreading over the country and attempting 10 create seditious influences among the public.
 The most demonstrative agitators are those who have recently arrived from the United States, numbers of whom are attempting to destroy the
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
D. oclated Press.

D. Associated Press.
 LONDON. Oct. 1 The complete fa.mr. of another attempt of the Ger maus 10 raid towns on tb. southeast ern c.YSg of England Sunday morning is further strengthening the belief of the government that thc problem of hmting air raids has been practically solved.
 mcmdmg the sunday morning ate tack. four determined efforts to att tack London and other British towns in the past three d.Ta have met with uttcr failure the Germans being unable to approach their objective in every instance.
 Tn additiQn to failing in their attacks the Germans also lost two of their fleet one of which was a dual motorcd Gotha machine, the latest dovolor- mcnt in German aircraft and distiu- guishcd for ifs great power and speed.
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
FRENCH AvIATOR$ RETALlATE
 FOR GERNlAN AIR RAIDS

considerable damage and stuiH. a number of large corHag9tions.
 The war office statement p4 ha French attacks were by way uf rcpti- saI for the frequent German raid. unfoni0ed French towns
 The Germans have lately commence ed succession of attaclls on Fraoch cities bacl, of the war zone and q number of towns have been subjected. to almost daily bombing by the Ger
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
NEW REvOI.UrlOH IS
 DEVELOPING IA RUSSIA

of the PcWo&rad military district was set upon by a large number of radicals and subjected to severe beating while hundreds of onlookers applaudod the attackers.
 Evidences of the growth of the revolutionary spirit are manifested whenever crowds are permitted to congregate. KcrenslW has ordered extra patrols placed about all govern mcnt buildings and is closely watch- ing the situation, which is daily grow
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
GERMANS CONTINUE
 BRITISH AIR RAIDS

au raid on au extensive scale occurred over the London di4t~i't last night aid resulted n he ka}ns of fen per- sons and thc w."ndns # thirty c,f,' u.c,o.
 The raiders approached the city in t>.o large squadrons ,hl Ittcr o'cG tc :c,cc the Bri+ifa al defense p, two widely separated points. A number of the raidtng planes succeeded in ,aupping bono, on ihc outlyns d.s. nlcts of the eo5t s,dn bat little mater. ial damage WIS do2" yond -hn Gr- structcIon of life.
 In spite of tho Frequent air raid alarms cf the r.~ two " cI>s. l.onIou- CTS stood the test well aut there Vls no indication of panic when the two raiding squadrons approached close to the city and commenced their bomb dropping operations.
 Most of the bombs dropped in tho poorer district and the largest proper ty loss was sustained by people of little means The frcqucncc of the German raids is again creating a public clamor for more adequate de- fensive measures.
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02

ing more extreme.
 Great mcasiness prevails among the civil populaoe and large numbers of people are leaving the city in cXpecta- tiou of new revolutionary outbreak within short period. Although there is .an almost universal belief in the ability of Keronsky to handle the situation. some of his staunchest sup portcrs are commencing to fear that even he will give mp in despair if a now outbreak develops
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
RUSSIANS ADVANCE
 RIGA REGION
By Associated Press.

pETROGl{AD, oct. 2-The war of flee annognced this morning that the Russian forces operating in the Riga region are again active and made i'm portant advances in a renewed often sive yesterday
 The War Office bulletin says the Rus slans pressed back the German ad- vance lines in the region of SissengaI and captured number of prisoners in the course of severe fighting lasting from daylight to dark.
 Reports from the Russian head quarters indicate that the morale oi the Russian soldiers is excellent and there is an appreciablc return of con tidence among the troops
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
.LAF0LLETTE EXPULSION
 AG|TAT HON GROWING

ministration measures presented in the upper house As in the case of the Minnesota petitions of the same tenor, the New York petitions were referred to the Election and Privileges commit tee and will be passed upon by that body.
 Reports from all parts of the country indicate that tho feeling of hostility against Lafollette Is wide spread, the moneyed interests being particularly hostile. On the other hand the Wis consin senator is endorsed by a large part of tho laboring element, the radi- cal labor organizations being particu- larly friendly
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02
By Associated Press.

PETROGRAD, Oct. 2-The deyel- opment of a new revolution fomented by the extremist element aided by the anarchists and other ultra radical bod ies is making steady progress and the greatest anxiety prevails in govern ment circles that a general outbreak may occur at any time. Crowds are commencing to congregate and revolu- tionary sentiment is expressed on every side. Today the subcommander
The Nome daily nugget., 1917-10-02

man flyers
 Most of inc towns attacked were u- employed for military purposes many were entirely uuprovidcd with means for defense against air attacks Tho tone of the government statement indicates that it is the intention commence a campaign of raiding op- orations on German towns to force the enemy 10 abandon his attacks on the French communities