davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

TENDER 2s, 1911, and after telling OF the
Indignation felt by the citizens, the
writer continued:
They had their fellow citizens OF the
first and second wards highly irritnted ut the
Innovations making on the commons. They had
perceived that those Innovations formed the gen.
eral topic of conversation and that many re-
spectacle heads of families had declared deter
mination of Joining for the purpose OF cutting
down whatever fences should be erected on THAT
commons which was VIGOROUSLY the property o!
the United States, the of which they had
possessed from the period OF the removal OF the
seat of government.
Is there not danger that this Inflammation OF
the public mind may terminate in carnage and
violence?
There was an act of Congress, ap-
proved July S. 1912, which provided
THAT the President be authorized to
take possession of the whole of the
reservations and public grounds in the
city of Washington and lease them out
for a term not exceeding ten years on
such terms and conditions as in his
Judgment may best effect the improve
ment of the said grounds, for public
walks, botanic gardens or other pubic
purposes"
What the result of the act was the
Rambler does not know. The provision
for the establishment of a botanic gar
den on public Land was not made until
1920, and lights thrown on that by the
following. taken from the National In
telligencer of June l, 1920:
BY a late. act of Congress a portion of the
public grounds not exceeding FIVE acres was
granted for the Of the Columbian Institute,
to be located under the direction OF the Presi
dent of the United States. On this grant
am informed that the institute contemplates the
establishment of botanic garden, and when
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02
oIer Continues Story Of PENNSYLVANIA Avenue

those of william H. Morrison ana Obe.
diah H. Morrison. d. J. Bishop, Casimir
Boher, Franklin Philip ana Aooiphus
Soiomons, Joseph Shillingon. F. H. Las
and Charles B. Maury and Edward
Waite Among the hardware. china.
glass and earthenware stores were those
Of Leonidas c. Campbell and william
H, Campbell, John n, w; Dyer e. H y Sr,-
Charles w. and John w. Boteler. John
McDevitt and Thomas and j. F. b. Fur.
sell The leather stores were those OF
F. A. Lutz and Horatio Beall. Horace d
Johnston and Christopher Weber
The exchange offices on the Avenue
were those of Samuel Davis. J. E. Duna-
win. John France. F. a. Harry, j.. M
Harry, walter Howe. Michael Hurley.
Frank Hurley. John r. North Mors,mer'
The Avenue tailor shops were those
of w. Peregrine Browning. Edward
Dolan, Duvall & Bro. George W. Him
ton and william S. Teel. Matthias Lo-
Lakeman. H. F. Loudon. Edward Owen
and Samuel w. Owen, william Peter
son. G. F. Schafer. William Schma!.
William Tucker. Abner H. Young ana
William II. Stanford.
The most frequented restaurants on
the Avenue were those Of Andrew Ham
cock Richard Adams. John Bell. NAH
Ion Brink, Peter M. Dubant. James
Gordon, Ignatz Haas, John d. Ham
mack. Jeremiah Hennessey. William
Johnson, Henry Lahna. George NJ. Mil
Ter, Charles Mades. Joseph Nailey.
George A. Springman. NJ. F. Roberts. at
18th street and the Avenue. and John
Pheifer. The cigar stores were those
of J. C. Bacher, Behrens Weigmanns
F. w. Brandenburg. G. w. Cochran. 8. E.
Day, william B. Dyer. NJ. E. Gardiner.
William S. Horton. F. Plugge, Heinrich
and Henry Seitz. Henry c. Steers. r. W.
Waterholter and George s. McEifresh
under the National Hotel.
There are three Avenue establish
ments whose faded advertisements lie
before the Rambler. One of these firms
was that of T. j. and NJ NJ. Gait. The
Rambler takes these old Gait advertise
ments out of the The Star Of 1850:
Gait. Wood and Coal Office. $50 Pa. sve. be-
Wssr i fao on h Below War
ment.
Wood, Wood, Wood! Stove and Kindling
Il. Il. Gait. 2ss Pa ave. between 18th and 18th.
Wood md Coai Delivered to all parts OF ths
City at the lowest possible rates. T. J. and u.
n. Gait.
Here is an old lad" which recalls
l pleasant memories:
C. Gautier'. Ladies' and Gcntiemen's Saloon,
80 north side. Penna. Ave. between 18th and
18Th. The finest assortment Of French confec-
tionery. fruits. ETC.. always on hand orders for
I balls, weddings. dinners and parties promptly
attended to both in city and country.
No doubt the Rambler has overlooked
. many of the 1860 places on the Ave-
nue. and, just at the moment of closing
: this "ramble" he recalls the music
. stores of w. G. Metzerott and John r
E Ellis, the drug store of S. Calvert Ford
= 18th and the Avenue: the sewing ma
1 chine agency of VIM. II. Glover. undei
= the National Hotel; Blanchard e. Mo-
4 huns bookstore. at the Avenue and
facffoner and a.
/, terer, between 10th and 18th: H. o
!. HOODS jewelry store. and Young q
= Kepnart's place OF refreshment. be.
tween 9Th and 10Th, which was pop
l ular place with Washington men fifty
seven years before the Capital wen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

just here at our feet is an army of
fat porkers. some grunting contented-
ly and others squealinS like mad.
Notice the pens! Each has trough
for water and another for food
There are hundreds of such troughs
and many miles of drainage and water
pipes. The water for the stock comes
from artesian wells driven 1900 feet
down into the ground. far below the
level of Lake Michigan. and the food is
the best that can be procured. See the
railroad tracks which extend out on
each side. There are hundreds OF
miles of them in and about the stock
yards. and long trains come in and go
out every hour of the day. bringing in
new animals and carrying away in
their refrigerator cars the beef and
other packed products for the markets
of our country and for transshlpment
to France.
There are high buildings rising out of
the labyrinth of pens. They form the
exchange where the stockmen ana
packers come to buy aad sell these
four footed citizens. These men handle
tens of millions of hogs cattle and
sheep every year. The animals in the
pens are changed daily. Those that we
see moving about below US Will be dead
by this time tomorrow, and another
horde will have taken their places. The
daily business of the stockyards
amounts to more than 100000 and
am told that $4,000 hogs, 1l,o0O sheep
and 5000 calves have been handled here
in twenty-four hours
When the selling hours are over the
animals are weighed. and then driven
off to be slaughtered. They are care
fully inspected at every stage in their
journey. AS soon as they leave the
cars they are examined for hoof and
mouth disease. The cattle are tested
for tuberculosis and tick. the hogs ex-
amined for cholera and tuberculosis
and the sheep for tick and scabies.
These inspections are made by repre-
sentatives of the government, and all
suspected animals are tagged and SOLD
at lower prices. Great care Is taken
to prevent the spread of any infection
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

to their respective congresses. Com
pulsory arbitration has been thorny
subject among South American coun-
tries 1t was the rock on which the
pan-American conference of Mexico M
teen years ago came near being
wrecked. The Tacna-Arica dispute be-
tween Chile and Peru was then to the
foreground. Peru was anxious to nave
this question arbitrated. Chile, in pos
session of those nitrate provinces as
a consequence of the war of 1881, was
not willing that her continued posses
sion should be subjected to the juds-
ment of other countries.
Most of the south American repub-
lies were sympathetic to Peru's posi-
tion. although it would be difficult to
determine in the case of some OF them
how far this was due to their own
strained relations with Chile, and now
FAR to their belief in the principle Of
compulsory arbitration.
The United States was in someWhat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

gress of TIE South American countries
which it was proposed to hold at
Buenos Aires to consider-and possibly
consolidate-South American countries
in their war attitude. Its scope ia
broader and. its purposes are perma-
nent.
The bill introduced in the Brazilian
congress provides for the creation of
special commissions in each country
having for their common object the de-
Tense of the principles of harmony and
solidarity among the peoples of the
American continent. 1t further pro-
vides for the creation in the congress
of each country of a permanent COM
mission composed of members or
former members, whose duty 1t will be
to promote the ends of the union.
This commission Is to be an au-
tonomous body, and the scope Of its
duties will include all proposals con-
nected with the possibility of q legal
solution of international conflicts, the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

wer. German members and also Aus
tro-Hungarians. Meetings were heIo
ut different capitals and visits were IN
terchanged A Hungarian delegate OF
International reputation was V1sltor
to the United States a short time De-
fore the war.
Tho general purposes OF TINS inter-
parliamentary union were to create
peace sentiment among the peoples OF
the different countries and to give II
effect through the members of the leg
1slative bodies of the different coun-
tries.
propriation of $50, 900 from their assoc
ciates in Congress to further their
movement Later they were subject
to some criticism because part OF the
fund was used to bring out very ex-
pensiye book with their own biogra-
pixies and their portraits done In the
very best style of the printers and the
engravers' art This, however. was
merely an incident Congress was not
might be exerted in favor of world
peace by bringing the responsible leg
islators of the different countries into
touch with one another. But Congress
did not then know the German military
Autocracy any more than the rest OF
the world outside of Germany knew 1t
The great war automatically ended
the activities of the interparliamen tarJ
peace workers. There have been init
nations that these would be revived
Whenever peace shall be obtained
Should one result of the war be II
insure genuine parliamentary institu
lions in Germany, there might be thu
possibility of reviving the movement a.
q worldwide one, which would EN-
brace the Latin-American countries a
well as the United States.
The Brazilian project does not con
template. apparently. the revival o
this interparliamentary union with tn
European countries preponderant. ]
reflects a contrary tendency whic
would not permit the new world I
be merely a subsidiary The project J
for a distinctively American parlia
mentary union, and therefore 1t Nigh
better be called a pan-American par
liamentary union. 1t does not appea
TO have the same purpose as the con
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

ers. We consume so per cent more
meat than Great Britain or Germany,
and twice as much as the people of
France: In 1900 we were each eating
on the average ISL pounds Of meat per
year. and although this has since
somewhat decreased on account of the
high prices. we still consume more
than one hundred and seventy pounds
Of beef. pork and mutton for every
man, woman and child in the country.
The last. census has estimated that
over fifteen billion pounds of meat and
meat products were consumed here in
1909, while less than one-half that
amount represents the consumption
in Germany for the year 1913.
But let US see how this vast demand
is supplied, and how the thousands of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

Each of the dead animals is now
hooked by the hind legs to a pulley
and raised. head downward. to a wheel
which runs on a track overhead. In
this way it is carried through the
other departments OF the factory. As
it goes on past man after man each
does something to nit the carcass for
beef. One butcher cuts the throat to
let out the blood. which must be used
to make fertilizer; others clean the
carcass and others take off the skin.
hoofs and horns. all of which are saved
for oil. glue. leather or some other
by-product.
When the carcass is ready for beef
it is divided along the backbone. maxi
ing two sides, and it is in this shape
that it is shipped abroad to our SOL
diers or sold to the retail butchers.
1t does not take more than twenty
minutes from the time the steer is
killed until it is ready to be examined
by the government inspectors and hung
up in the refrigerating room. And yet
il has passed through the hands of
about twenty men. The meat has to
go through many more processes be-
fore it is ready for eating. II it is
to be canned it travels to the depart
ments where it is trimmed. cooked
and sealed up in tins. II IL is to be
sold fresh it slides along on the over
head trolley into the great refrigerat-
ing chambers, which are so large that
they will hold 10000 sides of beef at
one time and SO cold that the tempera-
ture Is just above freezing. Here 1t
remains for forty-eight hours. and be-
comes chilled through. 1t next travels
on a track down to the ground floor.
where it is loaded into the cold storage
cars, which will take II to the chief
cities of the United states and to the
ports where mere It VIII De packed sS an s1s
which will carry 1t to Franco.
= - FRANK q. CARPENTER \
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

animals all about us. Here great
droves of steers are being unloaded
from the cars, and tens of thousands
of them are moving this way and that
on their way to be sold or killed. We
climb to the roof of tall building at
one side and look down. Pens filled
with cattle. hogs and sheep reach far
out in all directions. The pens are ar
ranged along streets which cross each
other at right angles. The city has its
own sections and wards and each has
its own class of four-footed citizens.
There is one section devoted to cat
tie, where several hundred beasts push
each other about in each pen. Farther
over is a section filled entirely with
sheep. where thousands Of woolly
creatures are bleating and baaing, and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02
Frank c. Carpenter Writes of Uncle Sas Butcher Shop

and the pens are kept thoroughly clean
by an excellent system of drainage.
q I walked about through the pens and
watched them drive the cattle UP the
inclined roadway to the upper stories
of The slaughter house. where the kill
ing takes place. As they come up they
around this and upon it stands a bare
armed man holding a long handled
hammer. Only few animals are let in
at a time. but the pen is SO small that
they are jammed close together. The
man strikes them on the head, one By
one, a single blow with his hammer
killing them instantly. As the cattle
fall the floor of the pen drops little.
and they roll out onto the cement
pavement below. the floor sliding back
into place for the slaughter of others.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02
BY CHARLES M. PEPPER.

RAIL has taken the initiative
~ in a movement which Is de-
h signed to strengthen the soli-
a. darity of the American peoples.
This means the republics of the west
ern hemisphere
The movement is tentative. but it has
important possibilities. The PROPOSE
ton Is embodied in ill submitted to
the chamber of deputies of the Bra
lillian congress for the creation of an
fnterparliamentary American union.
In the years before the war, when
Germany's purposes were not fully I'M
derstood. there was an interparliament-
airy union whose membership included
the European countries as well as the
United States. The inspiration for the
movement was in France, but there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

animals are killed and made ready
for the markets at home and for ship
ment to our Army in France. During
my stay here in Chicago L have spent
much time in the stockpens and pack
ing establishments. watching the jour
ney of the steer it comes in on the
freight cars from the farms until 1t
goes out in the hundred and more
shapes in which 1t is sold in our mar
kets. Chicago is the heart of the live
stock and packing industry of the
United States. 1t is to meat what
Akron is to rubber, and what Detroit is
to the automobile. 1t leads all other
stockyards of the United States, and its
receipts are more than double those of
the Omaha stockyards, which STAND
next in Importance. Its combined re,
ceipts for all kinds of cattle amounted
last wear to nearly 100000, while
Omaha had less than 100000 and Kan
sas City only little more than T,0oo,-
900. 1t handled three times as many
animals as st. Louis. and more than
four times the number that passed
through the stockyards at st. Paul. The
total number of cattle which were
turned into beef at the fourteen chlei
markets of the United States amounted
to nearly 62.o0o,08o. The average length
of n steer Is about ten feet, and If all
of the cattle handled last year could be
placed nose to tail they would form a
single file half way to the moon. AZ
five abreast they would reach almost
these Chicago stockyards alone would
make a procession of ten deep as long
as from here to the camps of our boys
on the battlefields of France.
But come with me and take a look at
this city of animals. 1t covers a
square mile or as much ground as a
64o-arce farm. We first walk through
the stockyards themselves. The air is
filled with the believing of steers. the
lowing of cows. the baaing of sheep
and the shrill squealiEg of pigs There
are thousands upon thousands of these
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1917-12-02

IN the preceding narratives the
Rambler carried along the story Of
Pennsylvania avenue from 1871 to
~ 1SIo-that is. he has written down
~ much data relating to the appearance
of the Avenue. its buildings, its property
holders, 1t merchants and other dwelfers
along the historic and majestic way as he
has been able to gather. In this account
he means to recall to old Washingtonians
the names Of many Of the men who were
identified in o business way with the Ave-
nue. in 1860. 1t is probably not needful
that many of these men be recalled to old
Neutrality-suspicious., because they are Sill
held in clear and fresh recollection. but
It Is q delightful pastime to walk up and
down tho Avenue as 1t was on the eve OF
the civil war, and perhaps the memory OF
some old citizen may be pleasantly re-
freshed.
There II a feature of the settlement and
upbuilding Of the Avenue which the
Rambler has not touched on ana wnii ~
concerns several Of those big blocks OF
land. now and for many yes closely puiit
on. which most persons cal squares or
blocks" but which were set apart as
''reservations'' for public use. One OF these
is tho irregularly formed square bound
cd by the Avenue. LIST, I'd and b streets
L." Another is the large square bounded
by tho Avenue Sd, "A and c streets
which was given the designation "Reser-
walton No. TO-" The square bounded by
souri, avenue came to be Reservation A
and the square between the Avenue. u
and 9Th streets and Missouri avenue was
given the designation Reservation B.
-
The squares south of the Mall be-
tween Sd and 9Th streets and Maine
and Maryland avenues were reserva-
lions c and d. In ono of the very early
plans for the development Of the Ma
tionaI Capital all the land along the
north side of the Avenue from LIST to
Sd streets and extending back to B
street was demoninated bank and
exchange squares" as though the city
founders contemplated that those
squares should furnish sites for fed
eral bank or the Treasury and for q
federal exchange. The square bounded
by the Avenue. Sd. 4 n and c streets
was reserved as site for the national
mint, which was not removed from
Philadelphia.
These reservations remained in the
state of commons after the regularly
numbered and subdivided squares
along the Avenue were building up:
The public lands along both sides of
the lower part of the Avenue were not
only utterly neglected. but there arose
q question as to whether they belonged
to the United States or had reverted to
the owners or heirs of the owners at
the time of the laying out of the fed
eral territory.
Some of the early citizens Of WASH
ington built their habitations on these
reservations" fenced in certain areas
of them and in some cases put part OF
the reservations on and back from the
Avenue under the pillow, raising toler-
ably good crops of corn. wheat and to-
bacco. Some of the citizens took up
the question of the right of these set
tiers on the reservations, and during
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-09-12
Want Iuxburg Prosecuted.

RCENOS AIRES. Sept. ll.-NcwS dis
pat chcs to the effect that passports may
he handed to the German and Swedish
diplomatic representatives to Argentina
are declared by thc foreign minister 10
be premature rs the government IL I'M
able even TO consider such n procedure
until II receives official details respect
ing the Washington revelations.
The foreign minister announces that
the steamers Oran and Guazo referred
to in one of the messages sent by Count
LuXhurg through the Swedish legation
to, the German foreign Office. arrived at
French ports In June after l.uNhurg had
sent his dispatch.
an Argentine patriotic society has is
sued n statement urging that Count
l.uxhurg must not be given his pass
ports. but held for criminal oiCense
of melting the assassination ut ArEcn-
tine citizens. This action Is Impossible.
however. as diplomatic representatives
are immune from court Summnnscs.
All documents relating To questions
between Argentina and Germany have
been published. the foreign minister de-
clarcd. adding that nothing had hccn
held in reserve and that there Is not now
and never has been Il pact. written or
verbal. with Germany. limiting in any
way the freedom of Argentine shipping.
Further doubts concerning Argen-
tina's faith and truthfuluess after this
declaration must he considered II ma
tiuna! offcnse." the foreign minister de-
clared. He added that the best proof OF
the ineXactncsS Of Count Luxburg's May
~ diSpntch was that eight Argentina
steamers cleared for the war zone dur
ing June
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1917-09-12

Germans Carrying on
Anti-WiISOn Campaign

COPENlIAGEN, Sept. l.-Gor man
children RS we'll as German women arc
now being modified in the agitation
against President Wilson'S standpoint.
\ beginning has heen made at Har-
burg. near Hamburg. where all the pub
lie schools Sunday participated in a
demonstration at which the usual tele-
grams were sent TO Emperor William
Chancellor Michaelis and Field Marshal
Van Hfndenburg. The Roman Catholic
Mercantile associations OF Germany also
adopted a similar resolution.
The. Forwaerts of Berlin points out
cditorially today that the motive of the
conservative and pan-Gcrman wire pull
ers. to which attention has been called
in recent dispatches. namely to utilize
the American note 10 the Pope for excit-
ing anew the hellicose passions OF the
people. and above all for delivering a
mighty blow 10 the democratic move
ment. is steadily becoming more appar-
ent.
All the resolutions were drafted on
the same model. They commenced with
a display Of strong language against
President Wilson and then proclaimed
readiness TO hold out until victorious
peace was attained