The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1917-02-17
HAWAIIAN CRATER DISTURBED AFTER
 SLUMBER PERIOD
.Kilauea Volcano, 18O Miles Distant From Honolulu
 Becomes Active Again

Honolulu, Feb. 15-Intense activity greater than known heretofore to any Hawaiians now living, is manifest in kilauea volcano. according to re- ports received here. Kilauea is the largest active crater in the world, eight miles in circumference, and is situated in the southeasterly part of the island of Hawaii, the largest isl and of the group.
 The volcano, enclosed by a cirou- lar wall from 200 to 700 feet in height, is a black plain of some four square miles in area, within which IS the pit of Halemaumau, about 2,OOO feet in diameter, recently empty to depth of a thousand feet, but now nearly level to it's mouth with boil ing lava. A few months ago the life of the volcano could hardly be dis cerned, but today the, pit is a roar ing, boiling, swirling. lake of fire of many acres ip. extent and at night the glow from the red hot lava can be seen all over the island and far out at sea. The fiery lake is filled with spouting fountains that shoot the liquid rock hundreds of feet into the air. The rim of the pit is constantly crumb- ling, eaten away at it's base by the surging tide of fire, and tumbling with deafening crashes into the mol ten mass.
 Reports from Hilo record the peril ous feat of Professor T. A. Jaggar. IT,, director of the Volcano observa- tory, in venturing out on the hot, barely solidified edge of the lava for more than 100 yards to plunge his in struments into the lake of fire for the of toiy fc for a. ture. He was successful and he and his assistants escaped in safety only 1 a short time before the spot or which they stood was engulfed an6 became itself part of the boiling flood.
 The temperature of the lake i:
 more than 2,O0O degrees Fahrenheit according to the results obtained by
 Professor Jaggar. The temperathrt was found by thrusting into the mol
 ten lava lengths of pipe screwed to gether, into the end of which haC
 been fitted six Seegar cones, conica plugs of fusible clay designed to mel at varying
 | To reach the living lava, Profes
 sor Jaggar and his assistants had, tt scramble down sixty feet over tht
 rim of the pit, holding on to tht knife-edged crags that had beer l thrown up by the vo1cano's activity One of the party fell when near the
 bottom, but fortunately sregained hi i feet in time to prevent rolling into {
 Assure where he would have beer
 consumed in an instant.
 Professor Jaggar, who is connected
 with the Massachusetts Institute o.
 Technology, has spent five years a
 Kilauea, observing the phenomena O.
 the volcano for scientific purposes
 He takes daily, almost hourly obser vations, makes chemical analysis o
 the lava, the gases arising from the
 his studies general rules from which
 to predict volcanic activity and it! 1 influences.
 1 The city of Honolulu, the capital O.
 the group, on the island of Oahu i! about 18O miles distant from Kilaues
 volcano, but there is a population o
 nearly 50,000 persons on the island O. Hawaii, where the volcano is situ l ated. Kilauea is only one'of five vol
 canic mountains on the island, ant
 though not as high as Mauna Los 1 (Great Mountain) on the south. .whief ] rises to height of 13,675 feet, mak
 ing it the highest volcano in tn,
 world, it is far more active than tn,
 higher mountain. According to al account of the natives, violent erup
 ton of Kilauea occurred in 17S9, ant lesser eruptions as recently as 1907
 but confined to the pit of Halemau fmau.
 l