davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The patriot. [volume] (Indiana, Pa.) 1914-1955, 1917-06-23
GIL 'ITALIANI RIPRENDONO
VITTORIOSAMENTE L'OFFEN-
silva

ROMA-le truppe del Generate
Cadorna hanno riaSsunta l'offen-
silva mel Trentino conSeguita un
,altra brillante vittoria.
Gil 'Italiani hanno catturate lie
formidable posizioni su Monte Or
tigara, compresa la vetta 2105 ed
hanno fatti 936 prigionieri.
Attacchi austriaci respinti
Roma-Gli austriaci, cola tena-
cia che Ii contraddistingue e che
non serve loro Sc non ad aumen-
tare il numero gia enorme del NOR
ii del feriti, tentano ogni gior-
no di riconquistare lie posizioni
perdute nell ultima offensiva di
Cadorna.
Al nord di Gorilla, sui Monte
Cue come sui Monte Vodice, evi-
The patriot. [volume] (Indiana, Pa.) 1914-1955, 1917-06-23

dentemente eSsi hanno compreso
che per ora, dati i lavOri di con-
solidamentO compiuti dal nostro
commando, ogni speranza di strap
parci lie due localita, e del tutto
vana.
A sud, invece, mel settore del
Carso, persistonO negli attacchi
giacch6 intuiscono tutto il perico-
10 che presenta per loro la occupa.
zlOne, da parte dele truppe di Ca,
dOrna, dele trincee avanzate ad
est di Jamiano.
Come e notO, questa localita {
come una spina sui fanco del ne,
micO giacche minaccia direttamen.
te la via di Trieste.
Da Jamiano avverra, difatti
senza alcun dubbio la nuova spin.
ia in direzione della citta irreden.
ia.
Prevedendo di non potter resis-
The patriot. [volume] (Indiana, Pa.) 1914-1955, 1917-06-23
re l'avanzata del nostri.

re 'avanzata del noStri.
tere all 'attacco decisive di Cador-
Ma, gil austrici 81 scagliano gior-
nalmente cOntrO i posti avanzati,
Senonche, ogni assalto costa al
ne micO gravissime perdite, poich6
il commando italiano ha ormai avu-
to il tempo di fortifcare lie nuove
posizioni in modo da renderle as
sOlutamente inespugnabili.
Mel Trentino nostri hanno do
yuto cedere un posto avanzato sui
Monte ROmbon.
ST tratta d'una perdita di nes-
suna Importance, giacche nOstri
cannOni tempestano la pOsiziOne
con una grandine ininterrotta di
prOiettili in modo da impedire a
gil austriaci di occuparla.
Anche mel Trentino 81 prevede
che CadOrna sta per riprendere
la Sua aVanZata.
nella speranza, forse, di ritarda-
The patriot. [volume] (Indiana, Pa.) 1914-1955, 1917-06-23
Accusati di Complotto

MandanO da Lynn, Mass, che
accusati di complotto per indurre
81 'italiani a non registrars, veni-
vano tratti in arresto Luigi Gal
Ierino, della "Cronaca Sovversi-
va" e Giovanni Erama, tipografo
Venivano sottopoSti 10 mila
doQari di cauzione ciascuno. LIE
autorita dichiarano che il giorna,
lie e organo degli anarchici del
New England.
The patriot. [volume] (Indiana, Pa.) 1914-1955, 1917-06-23
Un Ambulance Degli Insegnanti
Di New York

81 stanno raccoghendO fondi
per la costruzione di una ambulan-
"a composta di u carri, da essere
mandate in Francia.
Essa sara conosciuta come Red
Cross Ambulance United of the
Teachers of New York.
The patriot. [volume] (Indiana, Pa.) 1914-1955, 1917-06-23

D. Have you read the Consti-
tuition of the United States?
r. Yes.
D. What form of Govern
ment is this?
R. Republic!
D. What is the Constitution
of the United States?
r. It is the fundamental law
of this country.
D. Who makes the laws of
the United States?
r. The Congress.
D. What does Congress con-
sist of?
R. Senate and House of Rep
resentatives.
D. Who is our State Senator E?
r. Wilbur P. Graft.
D. Who is the chief executive
of the United States?
R. President.
D. For how long is the Presi-
dent of the United States elect
ed?
r. Four years.
D. Who takes the place Of
the President in case he dies?
r. The Vice President.
D. What is his name?
R. Thomas r. Marshall.
D. By whom is the President
of the United States elected?
r. By the electors.
D. By whom are the electors
chosen?
R. By the people.
D. Who makes the laws for
the State of Pennsylvania.
r. The Legislature.
d. What does the Legislature
consist of?
R. Senate and Assembly.
D. Who is our Assembly,
man?
R. Wilmer H. Wood.
D. How many States in the
union?
r. Forty-eight.
D. When was the Declaration
of Independence signed?
R. July 4, 1776.
d. By whom was it written ?
R. Thomas Jefferson.
D. Which is the capital of the
United States?
R. Washington.
D. Which is the capital of the
state of Pennsylvania.
R. Harrisburg.
D. How many Senators has
each state in the United States? ?
r. Two.
The patriot. [volume] (Indiana, Pa.) 1914-1955, 1917-06-23
Voters Catechisn.

D. Who are our U. S. Sena-
tors?
R. Boise Penrose and George
T. Oliver.
D. By whom are they elect
ed?
R. By the people.
D. For how long?
R. Six years.
D. How many representa-
tives are there?
R. 435. According to the
population one to every 211,0O0,
(the ratio fixed by Congress af-
ter each decennial census.)
D. For how long are they
elected?
R. Two years.
D. Who is our Congressman?
r. Nathan L. Strong.
D. How many electoral votes
has the state of Pennsylvania?
r. Thirty-eight.
D. Who is the chief execu-
tive of the state Of Pennsyl-
vania?
R. The Governor.
D. For how long is he elect
ed?
r. 4 years.
D. Who is the Governor?
R. Martin C. Brumbaugh.
D. Do you believe in organ
lied government?
R. Yes.
D. Are you opposed to or.
ganized government?
r. No.
D. Are you an anarchist?
r. Nc.
d. What is an anarchist?
r. A person who does not be-
ieve in organized government.
D. Are you a bigamist OF
pOligamist?
r. No..
D. What is a bigamist or po-
lygamist?
R. One who believes in hav-
ing more than one wife.
D. Do you belong to any Sc
cret society who teaches to dis
believe in organized govern
ment?
r. No.
D. Have you ever violated
any laws of the United States
R. No.
D. Who makes the ordinances
for the City?
R. The board of aldermen.
D. Do you intend to remain
permanently in the u. S.?
R. Yes.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
At White Sulphur sprlnos,

WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, w.
Va, Oct 22.-John T. Davis brought
Miss Halle Elkins, Mrs. Frederick
Campbell and Mr.. and Mrs. e. Dren.
men to the Greenbrier from Elldns
by automobile to pass the week. Mrs.
Campbell started on Wednesday for
Cincinnati and Miss Davis has gone
to Chicago from here for q short so.
3ourn.
Willie Freeland's Birthday. .
Willie Freeland who cleyerly man.
ages the Office Of the r. C. Jones un.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
WEST VIRGINIA
WOMEN TESTIFY.

parkersburH, West Va. was suf-
fering from weakness and nervousness.
I had the trouble common to my age.
used DR.. Pierce's Favorite Prescrip-
ton for this trouble and was surprised
that 1t helped me so much. I was glad
took It, I have been so much better
ever since.n-MRs. ELLA DuLANEY,
Cos Green St., Parkersburg, W. Va.
Petersburg, West va.-vI read the
symptoms Of female trouble In Dr..
Ferce's little book. It described my
case and ] made up my mind to try
the Healing Suppositories.' They
were recommended to me by q lady
whom they had helped. I had infan1.
nation and congestion and was an.
noyed and suffered from II until I
found these sSuppositories.' I use
them every third day and the effects
are very satisfactory. I have used two
boxes and am now using the third.
You may use my Endorsement In any
way that will help other women.n-
Miss ALICE LEWIS, 7oeH Market St,
Parkefsburg, w. Va.
Dr.. Pierce's Favorite Prescription Is
O true friend to women in times of
trial aud at times OF pain when the
organs are not performing their func-
tons. For headache, backache, hot
flashes, catarrhal condition, bearing
down sensation, mental depression,
dizziness, fainting spells, lassitude and
exhaustion, women should never fail
to take this tried and true woman's
medicine.
Prepared from natures roots and
herbs, 1t contains no alcohol or mar.
cotic, nor any harmful ingredient.
In either tablet or liquid form. Write
DR.. Pierce, 1nyalids' Hotel, Buffalo, NY,
to-day. Get book on women's diseases,
sent free.
Doctor Pieree's Pleasant Pellets regu.
1ate aud invigorate stomach, liver and
bowels. Sugat.coated and easy to take
as candy. Put up in sealed walls "a
perfect vest-pocket remedy
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
mo MEDICINE IN 4
YEARS. INTERNAL BATHS

Mr.. A. Czarnecki writes Or. Chas. A,
Tyrrell, Of New York, as follows:
II must admit that the use Of the j.
B. L. Cascade has cured my chronic
constipation from which l suffered.
Since May IL, 1918, have never even
tasted any kind of patent medicine or
purgative. My health is excellent in
every respect"
Over half a million bright, keen, In.
telligent Americans have found that
Internal Bathing is more essential to
their health than external baths
Have found that used occasionally
at night they feel like different people
the next morning. No more OF that
bilious, tired. nervous feeling, but hav.
ing by Natures own clenser-antisep-
tic warm water-rcnoved all the pois.
onous waste from the lower intestine,
they awake thoroughly refreshed by
normal sleep, with all their functions
acting properly, clear headed, happy
and confident, eager and capable for
the duties Of the day.
Why not learn more about this rap.
Idly growing and natural practice?
The 81. B. L. Cascade" is produced by
Chas. A. Tyrrell. NJ. D., of New York.
who is specialist on internal baths,
and 1t Is now being shown and ex.
planned by Fairmont Phormacy com.
pany. who will give you-free on re.
quest-an interesting booklet on the
subject called why Man Of Today is
Only 80 Per Cent. Efficient"
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
PERSONALS

Mtss Lena PARKS. Of Clarksburg.
spent the week end with relatives
here.
Miss Eloise Sham has gone to Wheel
ing where she has entered Mt De Chan.
tai Academy.
Miss Anna Kerns, who has been III
for some time at has home on Walnut
avenue, Is again very III.
Mrs. Floyd Patton, who was called
here by the illness Of her mother, Mrs.
Jennie Jackson, returned to her home
In Grafton last night. Mrs. Jackson
who is suffering from neuritis, is
slightly improved.
McGay sturges. a student at Colum.
bia Technical college In Washington,
D. c., spent the week end here with his
aunt Mrs. Edwin Robinson. His
mother. Mrs. E. NJ. Sturges. Of Zanes.
vile. Il also guest at the Robinson
homo.
Mrs. John J. Mulvehill and little
daughter, Rosemary, have returned
from Wheeling and Pittsburgh where
they had spent several weeks with rel.
atives. Mr.. Mulveh.ll who Is spending
several weeks in tho asst on business
accompanied his family home from
Pittsburgh and returned east last even.
ing.
Messrs. Lloyd and James Canning
and sister, Miss MiLta, who had spent
the summer at Valley Falls, have TAX
en- up their residence on CASTOR avenue
for the winter.
Miss Frances Murphy. Of Grafton,
spent the week end here the guest OF
the Misses Byrne on High street.
Mrs. Flarence Statler spent Sunday
in Grafton with her mother, Mrs. Mary
Flanagan.
Allen Russell. OF Keyser, was bust.
ness visitor here To-Day.
Miss Jean Hale has gone to Morgan.
town where she viii take up her work
as teacher in the schools.
Mrs. Earl H. Smith has returned
from Baltimore where she had been
for several weeks.
Mrs. Virginia Nuzum spent today in
Wheeling.
Miss Beatrice canter. Of Clarks.
burg. is visiting her sister. Mrs l.. H.
Meredith, OF this city.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
MORE CARS
CONTINUED from Page one.)

energy OF miners second in import
ance, and conservation of coal by all
loyal citizens third.
1.-THE question of car supply is put
first" he says, because, at the pres.
ent time, the limitation OF production
OF coal is Influenced more by the ina.
bility of mines to get sufficient cars
every day, so that they may operate
continuously. Many of the largest
mines are able to run at only half
capacity one or two days of the week
and at partial capacity much Of the
time. owing to the inability OF the
railroads to supply the necessary
cars. The mine will run at full ca.
pscit one or two days of the week
and at partial capacit for two more
days, and is unable to run at all the
remaining two days becauS> there are
absolutely no cars in which to put
the coal as 1t comes out of the mines I"
This statement, like the one issued
week ago by the United States Geo
logical Survey, disposes of the un-
justified SANDER circulated by dema-
gogic politicians and others equally
as mischievous and irresponsible,
that operators and miners had com.
bined to repress production to force
a revision OF prices upward. So far
as the second largest bituminous coal
producing State (West virginia) is
concerned, there was never scintil.
la Of evidence tending to support that
libel. Production has steadily in.
creased there under conditions far
from advantageous to making that
showing.
DR.. Garfield states improving the
car supply is now matter which is
being worked at by the railroads,
mine experts and the Fuel Admins
tration. His statement concludes:
at is the opinion of the fuel admins
tration that il all the people will
show the same patriotism in the use
of coal which the miners and mine
operators are showing in its produc-
ton, there will be enough coal this
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
You Can Shake Loose from
The Tortures of Rheumatism

treatment Of Rheumatism. It acts
directly upon the blood. which it
promptly purifies of all disease germs.
1t is a powerful antidote, and climi-
mates from the blood all trace Of
rheumatic germs, building up and
Strengthening the rundown system.
Write to-day to our medical d.
rector. who will give you valuable
advice regarding the proper treat.
ment of your own case. Address
Swift Specific Co.. Dept. At
lanta, Ga.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22

year for I'll war purposes and SIN
leave al that ID necessary for domes-
&c tndusttes and for keeping ths PEG
pie warm
One Of the dgntncant things about
this statement, some Of the West vir.
gfnia operators say, Il its evident
spirit Of fairness.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
By using s. 6. q.

The germs Of Rheumatism are IN
the blood, which 10 laden with mil
lions Of the minute demons of pain,
causing untold suffering and bringing
IFS victim from vigor and strength TO
almost helplessness. To get real and
genuine relief from this disease,
these disease germs must be COM
pietely. routed out Of the system
through the blood.
S. S. S. has been used for Fifty
yeArs with satisfaetery results In the
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22

dertaling establishment had q birth
day party several days ago from
which he emerged much richer in this
worlds goods. A gold watch and
chan, q rocking chairs several sums Of
money and much candy were among
the things with which he was show.
cred on this occasion.
WllsenFioyd.
Lawrence ]. Wilson. OF Farming.
ton, and Miss Ada Floyd Of Barrack.
vile. were united In marriage on Sat.
urday in this city. Rev. G. 2. Goodwin.
OF the FIRST NJ q. church officiating
The ceremony was performed at 1880
o'clock at the church parsonage ON
Fairmont avenue.
Royles-Hager.
Miss Pearl Hager and Marshall
Boyles. both Of this city. were united
in marriage on Sunday afternoon at
the homo Of the brides parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Chas. Hager. on Monroe
street. Rev. w. ]. Eddy pastor OF the
First Baptist church officiated at the
marriage.
To Entertain for Bride.
Mrs. Clyde Ellington Hutchinson
has issued invitations for tea at
Sonnencroft on Thursday afternoon
from three to FIVE honoring her daugh-
ter.in.law. Mrs. Brooks L. Hutchinson,
a recent bride.
Child christened.
The little daughter of Mr.. and Mrs.
John Ridgley Sheriden was yesterday
christened Ella Louise Sheriden, the
christening ceremonies being perfor.
med by the child's grandfather DR..
]. NJ. Sheriden of Maryland, at the
Sheriden home on Benoni avenue. DR..
Sheriden yesterday occupied the pull
pit at the NJ. P. Temple in the alb.
sence of the pastor, DR.. ]. C. Broom.
field.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
Very Likely.

Something has Just occurred to
me-"
What is it?"
That in Adams case 1t must have
been real re-leaf to change his
clothes. Boston Transcript.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
With Miss FIser.

VIZ" "Neo ss'
The Mcfarland Chapter OF the West.
tnster Guild Of the First Presbyterian
church will meet tonight at 1880 o'clock
ct the home of Miss Ethel Fiser at 535
Monroe street.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
A Different Instrument.

A Different Instrument.
Red-nosed Tramp-Lady. kin l cut
your grass for a meal? I'm first
class lawn mower.
Lady-Go away! You look more
like an old rake.-Boston Transcript.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
Special Demonstration or DR.. Blair's
Cucumber Toilet Preparations

All this week. free instructions will he given a ~ TIL,
as to keeping your complexion healthy condition
glossy ,d Every article made from the fresh Cucumber
DR. Blairs Blush Of Roses, CSC a bottle. - ~ ~ . 'N''
Dr. Bars Cleansing Cream Astringent Csc to s15o lar
Dr. Bairs Cucumber Lotion csc to 5oc hottie
Dr. Bair's Hairon, soc bottle " ~ ~
DR. Blair's Colorine gray hair, 81 90 a bottle
Dr. Bars Shampoo, CSC a bottle
Dr.. Blair's Medicated Tacum, Csc.
DR. Blair's Dry Rouge in Vanity Boxes, Csc a box
DR.. Bair's Liquid Nail Polish, 25c bottle.
DR. Bair's Cucumber Complexion Soap 15c cake
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
Have COLOR IN CHEEKS
BE Better Looking-Take
Olive Tablets

nyour skin is yellow-compiexion pallid
tongue coated-appetite poor-you have
bad taste In your mouth-alazy, no-good
feeling-you should take Olive Tablets.
DR.. Edwards Olive Tablets-a substitute
for .alomel-were prepared by DR.. Edwards
after II years of study with his patients.
Dr.. Edwards Olive Tablets are purely
vegetable compound mixed with olive oil.
70. will know them by their olive color.
To nave clear, pink skin. bright eyes,
no Pr Pies q feeling of buoyancy like
childhood days you must get at the cause.
Oh. Edwards Olive Tablets act on the
liver and bowels like calomel-yet have
no dangerous otter effects.
They start the bile and overcome consti.
patton. That's why millions of boxes are
sold annually at 10c and 25c per box All
druggists. Take one or two nightly and
note the pleasing results.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
AnSfNuu's This Store VIII Close at Noon. sc "A . I
lNNVVNkNO Wednesday, to Join the f\NNZyVNN I
Liberty Parade ANNVNVVNXv L
Buy Liberty Bonds!
Now is the Time for Every
Man, Woman and Child to
Come to the aid of our
Country

Bond.
Dare We fall down on this bond issue? II We
be worth hundreds of thousands Of men To DE
enemy Of humanity
We must not fail But We will fail unless ev.
cry man. every woman. does his or her duty.
We are not now speaking to the financial insti-
tutions but to the average American citizen. It is
che average Amertcan-the man or woman with
moderate wages or income who must make the
loan success of failure.
And what hardship is there in applying mon
ey for bond purchases? No one Is asked to con-
tribute single cent. Every dollar you put into
bonds is dollar saved, dollar working for you
while you sleep dollar increasing at the rate OF
four per cent annually. And the bond is always
exchangeable for cash, do not forget that
When you buy bond you help our boys in the
trenches and at the same time help yourself. II
Is combination Of patriotism and OF selfinterest
Buy bond today at any bank or trust company.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1917-10-22
LeaIon Society to Meet.

The Presbyterian Legion society will
meet on Thursday afternoon at $3.50
o'clock in the church parlors. The
hostesses Of the afternoon will be Mrs.
Chas. Denham. MS. Fred Cole and
Mrs. Earl Smith. ALI members are
urged to attend.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07
ROOSTER PROGRAM
 AT DREAM SUNDAY NIGHT

On account of Kennel Club Caba- ret there will be no show at the Dream tonight. Tomorrow night a star bill of mixed attractions, will be the offering. The Rooster pro gram embraces the Captivating "Gish Sisters, also the famous beauty. Miss Margharite Fisher and a bowling success in screen Comedy entitled Shot Guns that Kill. The extravagant selections will open and close with the only picture that gives the worlds War News, The Pathe Weekly. Tuesday feature night. One of the most most startling military productions ever filmed, featuring Francis X. .Bushman and Beverly Bayne.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07
AND WILSON APPEALS UNITY
FINAL ROLL GALL
 TAKENTHREE A. M.

declared that it was war of demo- cracies of the world against the au- tocracies, Russias new born demo- cratic government being strongly urged in favoring the Entente.
 The passage of the bill was in stantly flashed to every section of the country and even in the cities extras flooded the streets making the important news public.
 The House demonstrated upon the passage of the bill, but ali
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07
BRAZIL AND BOLIVIA TO
 JOIN GREAT WAR

nied by a demonstration in this city, showing that the popular outcry for war is strong.
 The Brazilian government at the request of the German representa- tive placed guards outside the Im- perial German Consulate and the German legation. Germans are in- clined to leave this country for Ar gentina. but the important German colonies are likely to prove trouble some having prepared for any even- tuality
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07

cessful issue and in attaining a se- cure and just peace". The Presi- dent then warns aliens within the confines of the United States to con- form strictly to the regulations which he outlines in his proclama- tion, that is prescribing non-inter- ference and absolute loyalty to the United States during such time as resident therein, with no effort to agitate the cause of the enemy or ad and abet any movement calculat- ed to weaken the power or initiate against successful operations of the United States. The proclama tion
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07

WASHINGTON, D. C., April G. Ea1ly this morning the United States Customs took possession Of all German ships informed in Amer ican ports, ninety-one in all, large and small being taken in the drag net. Marines and sailors were placed on board The ships vary from 800 tons to the immense Vaterland and make a total in all of six hundred thousand tons, about equi~ valent to a months sinking of the German U boats in their highest re- corded month.
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07

It was discovered that all of these German ships were built as naval auxiliaries having gun platforms and other equipment for the offen- sive. The Vaterland will transport 10000 troops it is estimated.
 Almost all the boats have their machinery in every department bad ly wrecked, according to statement made this evening and it will re- quire many months to repair at great expense. The magnificent tur- pines of the Vaterland, the very latest type of this class of engine
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07

WASHINGTON, D. C., April B. Almost immediately after signing the declaration of war as the Con- gressional resolution is recognized to be, President Wilson issued formal war procla nation declaring that the United States and Germany are at war and asking American citizens "in loyal devotion to their country, dedicated from its found- ing, to the principles of liberty and justice, to uphold the laws of the land and give undivided and will ing support" to measures adopted in "prosecuting the war to sue
The daily Nome industrial worker., 1917-04-07

RIO DE JANEIRO, April G. Indications are that this govern ment will declare war on the Ger man empire. This will be stimu- lated by the unwarned sinking Of a Brazilian steamer in the Atlantic. costing a score of lives.
 Mobs are paradi1g this city this evening singing national songs and waving battle flags and demanding war.
 There is no question that the ac- ton of the United States makes this