davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-20
Why Al neTiCa Is at War.
CYo uths Companion.)


reluctant to admit that in its
dealings with a nation hither- !
to friendly it must resort to
the last crude argument OF
force, reluctant to cast aside
the traditions of a century
and to en- gage in the warfare
of the Eu ropean peoples, has
learned a last that anything
less would prove us untrue to
the principles and the ideals
we inheri it from generations
of forefathers who loved both
liberty ar id justice, and who
were ready if need be to die
for them.
Who, as he read the Presi-
dents address to Congress.
could do bt the justice of our
cause? We have not entered
the war hastily or thought
lessly; W e have not entered it
revengefully or with hatred in
our hear is. We take up arms
because we know that auto
cracv must be struck down if
there is TO be any room on
the earth for freedom or any
hope of peace. We fight, in
the Presidents own fine
words, that the world may be
made safe for democracy.
The people of the United
States have been gradually
coming to understand that for
a long time; the final precipi-
tation Of national sentiment
was bro ought about by the
revoluti pn in Russia. 1t was
astonishing how that revolu-
ton cleared the air. A war
that began as a war OF nation
al aggrd ssion, of commercial
rivalry, of dynastic ambition,
was at | asst seen clearly to be
an epochal struggle between
the fore s of absolutism and
democra cy. 1t was that all
the time, but because Russia,
: the most absolute of mon
: arches, was fighting on the
' side of the Western demo
cracies, it has been hard fol
some OF us to understand.
The Russian people have
opened our eyes. They have
, shown US that the Cars gov
, eminent was all the time ar
unwilling and treacherou.
A partici pant in the war. The
oligarch by, knowing that it
). own existence depended Oh
o o the vic tory of Germany anc
e Austria |, betrayed the nation
into defeat after defeat, ant
planned to desert the allies
had agreed to support.
r was the treason of the bureau
y Gratis hat gave the people TIL
n motive and the strength t
to overtur IN tue ancient dynast
I'd and Sc at defiance the polit
II II cal and religious traditions c
ny centuries.
lie Only in the empires {
Contra ! Europe and Turke
: does t e principle of absolu'
ism an d "divine right" sti
exist. 1t was that principl
that pl unged Europe into til
war; it is that principle that
respon sib,e for the barbaritie
that have marked its cours,
But the events of the war, an
especia ally the democrat
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1917-04-20
NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION OF PART.
NERSHIP.

The firm heretofore existing under the
name and style of Beck & Hufnagel, doing
business in the Village of Rathdrum, Koot-
enat County, State of Idaho, is this day
dissolved by mutual consent, and all out
nership. all notes, debts. dues demands and
claims due and in favor of said co-partner-
ship at this date. or hereafter to become due,
with the exception of an open account
against one Kruger of Rathdrum. Idaho in
the sum OF S37 $50; have been purchased by C.
Hufnagel and all persons who aIe Indebted
to said co-partnership are respectfully
requested to come forward and make paw
ment Immediately to said G. Hufpagel.
Dated this END day of March, 1917,
SIMON BECK
G. HUFNAGEL
st S-23-4-2O
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
Military Training Benefit to Youth
in Time of Peace as Well as in War
By William Wngley, Jr.. of Chicago

the world constituted and has been through thousands OF years
s there only safe pan and that follow the advice OF
Wasngonn time Of peace prepare for If had done this
would billions of dollars and tens OF thou
lives It knowledge military circles that trained
knowing how take of themselves and in the
the mortality and casualties at least word and what
VITAL of special training only be used in modern
warfare
Nationally need little foresight keenr appreciation Of the
necessity providing for future contingencies We cut ice the coolest
weather when nobody wants for know will be demanded
months later; midwnter for comforts during
the heated period Of summer.
The plan of universal military training outlined in the Cham
eran bill would make available at all times millions OF
who have had sufficient military training enable them to become excel
soldiers with weeks Of additional training This would safe
guard the nation and against contingency that would prob
ably and should arise the training and discipline would
be the very best experience that could have would
make him stronger physically alert mentally quicker to and to
Aso would increase his earning capacity and him better
chance his life work. Our boys appreciate this think
majority Of them would be glad to take the training.
Since the boys time be called defend country
and flag it them provide them with careful
training that they perform this important national function both
efficiently and as safely possible
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
"PotwalIoper" Word With Histor,

"PotwaIIoper" Word With History.
Potwalloper is a slang word with a
history, meaning literally pot boiler.
There is an old English word wallop,
meaning to boil with a bubbling sound.
Before the passage Of the so-called re-
form act of 1882, persons in England
who had occupied single room and
boiled a. pot for six months claimed
the right to vote in an election for
members of parliament, on the ground
that boiling a pot and cooking food at
their own fire made them household
ers. The act Of 1882 recognized their
claim by providing that those who had
previously exercised the right of suf-
frage on that ground should not be de-
prived of it, but the act gave new
definition for householder. Pot boiler,
the modern form Of potwalloper,
means one who does literary or artis-
tic work by the Job, mainly to keep
the pot boiling.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25

was virtually Independent. The north
eastern provinces were added to the
Holy Roman empire in the eleventh
century. 1t is the land of the Counts
Baldwin. The first Of the line, known
as the Iron-armed, married Judith, the
daughter of Charles the Bald of
France, and obtained the newly Great
ed country as gift from his father-in-
law.
In those days the counts Of Flanders
were regarded as the richest princes
in Europe and were said to be far
more wealthy than many Of it's kings.
Baldwin TX will be recalled as the
founder of the Latin empire in Con-
stantinople.
+. The cities of Bruges, Client and a
few others at this time were proud
and felt their might, bidding to be-
come free cities, and were permitted
their independence with the .suzerainty
of the counts of Flanders. The coun-
try was united with the Netherlands
in the fourteenth century, but cen
fury later passed to the Hapsburgs.
It has been in the possession of the
Spanish and Of the French, but in
1880 finally liberated itself from Hol-
land and from France.
Client has been called the City OF
Flowers and the Soul of Flanders. 1t
was the home of Flemish art, and here
was to be seen before the war Van
Eyck's masterpiece, 'eThe Alteration of
the Lamb" in the cathedral of st.
Bavon. It was here that the peace of
1916, which concluded the War of
1912, was signed by the commission
ers Of Great Britain and the United
| States.
eruges City of Bridges.
Bruges is picturesque old city, a
city of bridges and the Venice of the
North. There the early printer Man.
sion taught his art to the English mer'
chant Caxton, who carried the art to
England and began printing, preserv'
ing for US some of the most remark
able pieces of English literature, for
he was the first printer Of Chaucer.
| All the arts have flourished in Elan
ders. Indeed, in the early Middle
Ages it might be said to be the cen
ter Of Industrial art in Europe. Even
now the tapestries of Bruges, the laces
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
.HERE is something about the
name blenders that seems i'm
IN 1o11 nm RI Tho

THERE is something about the
name blenders that seems i'm
mediatels to call up to the
mind visions of romance, OF
.chivalry, of art and history that are
;produced by the mention Of no other
country, unless it be old Venice.
The land of the ancient Flemings
and of those medieval counts who
ranked almost as high as kings is
again living it's romance in the bitter
STRUGGLE against the Germans. We
aread how the people in London heard
the guns roar in Flanders; Of how the
great offensive was being launched In
Flanders, and yet the bounds OF
Flanders to the average man are
something of mystery.
While Flanders proper is nowadays
divided into West and East Flanders,
says the Philadelphia Public Ledger,
the Flemish peoples Of Belgium, who
number rather more than One-half OF
the whole are in the majority in the
provinces of Antwerp and Hainault
also. and in the remaining provinces
they may be said to divide the hon
Ors.
These few facts tend to show that
the Flemings are not by any means
extinct, and that those persons who
confuse Belgium with Flanders, or be-
lteve the two names are synonymous,
are not greatly to blame, for they are
only technically wrong.
The Flemings are in origin Ger
manic people, while the Walloons, the
Belgians of the East, are more Celtic
in their genesis. The Flemings are
kin to the Dutch, and at one time they
were q part of the United Netherlands.
But they have had long and strange
history, and have, during the last 1,5OO
years, owed allegiance to many princes
and countries yet they have continued
to preserve their own language, to pro-
duce their own art and to maintain
their love of the picturesque and the
simple life. 49," -.
It is true that the great gambling
place, the seaside resort Ostend, lies in
Flanders, but it was the late kin e of
the Belgians, Leopold, who made that
quiet summer resort what it became.
With Newport it is one Of the most
ancient towns in Flanders and dates
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25

of Client have their praises sung and
the towers Of the ancient country have
inspired q host Of poets, for Its old
bells and it's ancient architecture lave
been the joy Of artists FROM eVen' part
Of the world. Alas! the cruel j1Ea.
sion of the Germans has Ist!uced to
ruins the historic Cloth haM at Ypres,
which was built by that Count Bald
win who afterward led a crusade al
Constantinople, and have made other
towns unrecognizable.
Flanders was the home of the
guilds in the Middle Ages, and many
of the guild halls are to be seen to-
day, the product of an age of arts.
tic architecture. The loss to the
world of art by the invasion Of Elan
ders cannot be estimated, and now
most Of its art objects are merely q
memory.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
Tea Jaas in London.

"Has it been noticed that since the
,anti-treating epoch and since alco-
'holic liquor came to vanishing point.
men invite one another to cups Of
tea and get quite feverish over their
potationsT" asks the London Daily
Express. Yesterday afternoon IN
actor who is resting confessed that
he had consumed nine cups Of tea
since breakfast time. They had GER
tainly changed his condition. He was
terribly restless. Glittering eyes,
rapid, nonsensica, voluminous talk.
high temperature, an uncertain tenn
per, a f1uctuating pulse, hands ner-
vously clinched-all these are the
signs and 'okens OF tea drunken
ness"
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
All the Burden Of Food Conservation
Should Not Rest u pon the Housewife
BY Ea Moran Supervisor Domestic Science St. Paul Public Schools

The American do much toward stopping food
and irrational eating All the burden and blame does not rest
Many willing make buy conservation
bread the husbands laugh and refuse to eat it. Many try to
vegetable protein animal protein but the husband demands
the plates expand his chest say good fellow ~
ask second helping rather than have
average know what he should eat? What IS
he soup roast potatoes beans maca-
bread butter cheese coffee? Man must be
subject but ontmes his habits
the intelligent housewife do is begin with the children
them eat just enough good pan wholesome tood to
to refrain from spelling good food that
must thrown away
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25

back to the times when the Mortimer
came down and tried to make the
Flemings slaves.
Formerly Opposed the French.
Although the Flemings are fighting
side by side with the French, they had
for years prior to the war united In
opposing everything French, and many
parents in Flanders have pursued the
Inhibition to the extent of declining to
permit their children to learn a single
word Of that language.
There are no Drawer people in Eu-
rome than these selfsame Flemings,
but they have been the victims Of con-
quest over and over again. Had it not
been that the Walloons dwell princi-
pally in the eastern provinces, those
abutting Germany, there is reason to
believe that long ago Belgium would
have fallen to the German empire, and
probably without any serious strug-
gle. a.:
The events of the opening days of
the present war, however, have
changed the entire face Of Belgium's
history and that of Flanders also.
Today the people Of Flanders have
seen their beautiful cities reduced to
ruins and their people enslaved by a
cruel conqueror. At the same time
they have seen France and England
come to their assistance, and Flanders
hereafter probably will not be so
proud Of its Low Dutch language that
it will neglect the study of French,
which is the language used largely in
other parts of Belgium.
Some years ago more or less de-
termined attempt was made In Elan
$ ders to popularlze the Flemish lam
guage. Some Of the foremost literary
men in the country consented to write
only In that tongue, among them
Maeterlinck and Verhaeren, but 1t was
not long before the former found that
he was ut his best in French. and so
the Belgian Shakespeare" as he has
been called, does NIL his writing in the
language of France.
Land Of Famous Counts.
In the Middle Ages Flanders was a
powerful principality. which. while I'M
der the suzeraInty OF the French king,
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
War Must Go On Until Liberties
of the Future Are Guaranteed
By Senator P. ]. McCumber Of North Dakota

We cannot, must not, emerge from this conflict #A
until the great nations of the earth have entered into
binding international obligation signed ~ MS
sealed by each of them, defining and proaming
the inherent and na]enable rights of every nation,
great and smalthe right Of each to live and work Y#A
its destiny, free from the shadow of impend
ing the danger of humiliation by mighty l W @
military neighbor; and that nation shall rob
weaker nation of its territory; that it shall not murde
it's people, that it shall not deprive another of its indie
pendence infringe its rights We must provide fol-
in which every international dispute must be settled and obgns
the woam nations jointly enforce the DEGREES of such court
and thereby forever the Of such holocaust OF blood
a ncarmines Europe.
Unless this fought such fnish this conflict will have been
than in van Unless prepared to fight it to this finish
have committed gevou against humanity and people
entering it. We battling for the liberty and happiness OF
generations This generation suffering that the next Live
under the reign of peace and justice.
allow this close leaving the situation just it was
assured that the will bring
result that children must meet that which
were unable through inability courage to settle That
must not do
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
"Business as Usual' Not Good Slogan
for United States in This Great War
By Fak A. V.ndsip President National Cay Bank OF New 4et

The gets the idea that want busnes as
asu or usual during this great the better
for all.
We want to stop all unnecessary expenditures
short off, concentrate volume OF work which has
be should rid of foolish fears that
will bring general paralysis OF industry or trade
The country should Immediately awake to the fact that mas
great hand that cannot war ike this with ONE
hand and continue to do business did before with the other
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1917-10-25
Nell Described.

Putting on ones overcoat Is some
times so much of an effort that one L.
disposed to agree with the old negro
who said:
"Fust yo' puts In one ahm. den you
puts In de uddah ahm, aa' den 20 Sibs
GENIAL conwulEon." @-5
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1917-01-05

on each side BY n small window. Thl
ends Of rafters and purlIns are ex
posed.
In the living room the most attractive
feature Is the fireplace, on each slide
of which a bookcase Is built. Small
easement windows are placed above
these cases. The fireplace may be
finished either with brick or with cob
blestOnes similar 10 those used In the
exterior masonry. The living room Is
well-llghted room and is sure 10 be a
pleasant part of the house.
Glass doors lead from the livina
room into the dining room, In this
room the attention is Immediately at
tracted 10 the buffet. bay Is built
into the outer wall and the buffet sits
into this bay, filling the entire space
below the three windows. Since the
doors of the buffet are flush with the
main wall. no space Is taken from the
dining room by any projection at this
point. The buffet Is very much part
of the house in this room and Is de-
signed TO look well in its surround
lngs.
The kitchen has an adjoining pan
try. which may be used to greatly re-
duce the work of preparing meals. In
this pantry n table is built under the
window at the end. a cupboard Is built
against the wall next TO the kitchen
and long shelf extends across the
wall opposite the cupboard. The kitch-
en- is large enough TO be free from
stufiiness and there are three windows
TO assure plenty Of light BY includ-
ing the pantry as part Of the kitchen
design, the hardness Of a small kitch-
en- is obtained without It's stuffy, poor
ly lighted features. The basement
stair Is entered from the kitchen.
Two bedrooms are provided on the
other side Of the house f<Om the rooms
already described. The front bed
room is especially pleasant on account
of the large number of windows. There
are four windows at the front and one
at the side in this room. A hall con-
meets the two bedrooms, and the bath
room Is handily placed midway be-
tween them. There Is n clothes chute
provided in the bathroom. Liberal
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1917-01-05
SCRAPS

The muscles of the human jaw ex-
ert a force Of j34 pounds.
Rich veins of zinc are said to ex-
list in all parts of Japan.
Farming and pig rearing are the
staple industries of Serbia.
The cOnductivity of copper depends
on the purity of the metal.
Mrs. Amy D. Winship, age eighty
FIVE. is a college student in California.
Belgium's population at the out
break of the war was 100000.
Although most of the cities in ia
pan have good sidewalks, modern
street paving is practically unknown
an the empire.
A key for police patrol boxes has
been made Of a nonconducting mate
rial to guard users from possible cleo
tric shocks.
Since new telegraph cables to Cey.
don have been opened messages have
been transmitted from London within
half an hour.
The new bridge across the Tiber al
Rome, having span Of 1928 feet, ii
the longest REINFORCED concrete arcf
In the world.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1917-01-05
MoonshIne Wish.

The concentration of troops in Ha-
waii had brought together again some
old comrades of Indian frontier days,
and one of the good wives insisted
upon gathering them at her table to
talk Of Auld Lang Syne. They had
been talking of a comrades splendid
services and advancement up the lad.
der of fame. All knew he was super
stitious and never hesitated to
stake all on one chance If he could
see the new moon over his right Shout
der. The hostess summoned one of
her guests to the lawn to try his luck
and said:
you must hold this silver dollar in
your left hand, look at the new moon
over your right shoulder, make a wish,
and 1t will come true"
The thing was very quickly done,
and they rejoined the party. Later
the hostess asked Ii the wish had been
made, and, upon being informed that
it had, she remarked:
"Where is my silver dollar|
"Ohw replied the guest, 81 wished
that 1 might keep the silver dollar,
and it came true."-Harper's Maga-
zine.
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1917-01-05

used i'm various colors for porch and
chimney construction.
Some sandstones have the disadvan-
tage that they are not as durable as
might be desired. In localities where
large granite powders are plentiful,
blocks of this material may be cut
from the stone These blocks may be
used either in regular form and size
or in various irregular shapes and
sizes. ROugh-faced marble is par
ticularly good material for porch and
chimney construction. Cobblestones,
used just as they are found, have
produced many attractive pOrches and
chimneys on frame houses. The cob
blestOnes should not be too small, and
they should be matched in the walls
30 that the mortar joints will not be
too prominent. The color Of the NOR
tar will depend upon the kind of stone
used and the effect desired. Mortar
which is widely different in color from
the stone will attract more attention
to the porch or chimney than mortar
which has been cOlored to match the
stone as nearly as possible. Special
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1917-01-05
Rich Man Knows Not What He Wants

Rich Man Knows Not What He Wants
The WOmans Home Companion has
an article in which this passage oc.
ours: "The nuisance for the man who
has acquired great financial resources
usually is that he doesn't know what
he wants. Possessing the resources
and feeling the moral necessity to
have recourse to them, he looks about
for something to want, and he selects
the most costly thing. The acquisi-
ton of this mOsG costly thing always
involves, in practice, the separation
of the rich man from society. Thus,
he will acquire a large estate, or sew
eral large estates, and cut himself off
from the world by gates, doors, miles
of drive, lOdgekeepers, menials and
secretaries. Or he will acquire D.
000-tOn yacht and cross the Atlantic
privately, though less quickly, less
comfortably and even less privately
than. on a great liner. Or he will keep
a private orchestra, instead of being
seen at concerts. All which, though
magnificent, is antisOcial and silly, and
is secretly felt to be so by the rich
man when he happens to wake up in
the middle of the night and can't go
to sleep again."
The Celina Democrat. (Celina, O. [Ohio]) 1895-1921, 1917-01-05
couIdn,t Frlahten Hubby.

Maria was a tender, sentimental lit
tie thing, but to put it mildly, hardly a
beauty. She was very, very fond of
hubby, but exacted from him rather an
undue amount of attention and service.
"Oh, George" she complained one
night. II don't believe you really love
me! Tell me would you feel 1t, dear,
If we were parted|
"Eh-what's thatP said George,
frightening ups
"I mean If someone were to come and
offer to take me away, give me beau
tiful home and every loving care, and
all the best that money could buy, how
would you feel?"
1T doesn't arlse" he answered, re-
lapslng into moody silence. "Nobody's
likely t. offerw